UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

 (Mark One)
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2016
OR
 
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ____________ to ____________

Commission file number: 000-26427

Stamps.com Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
 
77-0454966
(State or other jurisdiction of  incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer  Identification No.)

1990 E. Grand Avenue
El Segundo, California 90245
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

(310) 482-5800
( Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)


 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑   No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes ☑   No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b‑2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer  ☑
Accelerated filer  ☐
   
Non-accelerated filer  ☐ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐   No ☑

· As of July 31, 2016, there were 17,268,281 shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock issued and outstanding.
 


STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
FORM 10-Q QUARTERLY REPORT FOR THE QUARTER ENDED JUNE 30, 2016
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
   
Page
 PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
1
     
 
ITEM 1.
1
       
 
ITEM 2.
22
       
 
ITEM 3.
35
       
 
ITEM 4.
35
       
36
     
 
ITEM 1.
36
       
 
ITEM 1A.
36
       
 
ITEM 2.
36
       
 
ITEM 3.
36
       
 
ITEM 4.
36
       
 
ITEM 5.
36
       
 
ITEM 6.
37
 

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except per share data)

   
June 30,
2016
   
December 31,
2015
 
   
(unaudited)
       
Assets
           
Current assets:
           
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
116,273
   
$
65,126
 
Short-term investments
   
6,403
     
8,553
 
Accounts receivable, net
   
46,081
     
55,052
 
Other current assets
   
10,437
     
8,345
 
Total current assets
   
179,194
     
137,076
 
                 
Property and equipment, net
   
31,677
     
31,707
 
Goodwill
   
198,752
     
197,807
 
Intangible assets, net
   
89,368
     
95,950
 
Long-term investments
   
     
1,529
 
Deferred income taxes, net.
   
41,476
     
57,224
 
Other assets
   
6,580
     
7,321
 
Total assets
 
$
547,047
   
$
528,614
 
                 
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
               
                 
Current liabilities:
               
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
 
$
67,938
   
$
60,816
 
Deferred revenue
   
5,273
     
4,000
 
Current portion of debt, net of debt issuance costs
   
5,298
     
4,267
 
Contingent consideration
   
     
63,209
 
Total current liabilities
   
78,509
     
132,292
 
Long-term debt, net of debt issuance costs
   
144,447
     
157,353
 
Total liabilities
   
222,956
     
289,645
 
                 
Commitments and contingencies
               
                 
Stockholders’ equity:
               
Common stock, $.001 par value per share
               
Authorized shares: 47,500 in 2016 and 2015
               
Issued shares: 30,330 in 2016 and 29,463 in 2015
               
Outstanding shares: 17,229   in 2016 and 16,697 in 2015
   
53
     
52
 
Additional paid-in capital
   
803,851
     
716,253
 
Treasury stock, at cost, 13,101 shares in 2016 and 12,766 in 2015
   
(202,420
)
   
(172,410
)
Accumulated deficit
   
(277,415
)
   
(304,944
)
Accumulated other comprehensive income
   
22
     
18
 
Total stockholders’ equity
   
324,091
     
238,969
 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
 
$
547,047
   
$
528,614
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
 
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)

   
Three Months Ended
June 30,
   
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
   
2016
   
2015
   
2016
   
2015
 
Revenues:
                       
Service
 
$
72,590
   
$
40,378
   
$
141,696
   
$
76,027
 
Product
   
4,851
     
4,270
     
10,406
     
9,013
 
Insurance
   
4,082
     
2,631
     
8,593
     
5,293
 
Customized postage
   
2,467
     
1,072
     
5,104
     
2,061
 
Other
   
23
     
9
     
51
     
18
 
Total revenues
   
84,013
     
48,360
     
165,850
     
92,412
 
Cost of revenues (exclusive of amortization of intangible assets, which is included in general and administrative expense):
                               
Service
   
8,857
     
6,695
     
18,151
     
12,966
 
Product
   
1,642
     
1,435
     
3,440
     
3,036
 
Insurance
   
1,266
     
927
     
2,629
     
1,850
 
Customized postage
   
1,955
     
881
     
4,122
     
1,711
 
Total cost of revenues
   
13,720
     
9,938
     
28,342
     
19,563
 
Gross profit
   
70,293
     
38,422
     
137,508
     
72,849
 
Operating expenses:
                               
Sales and marketing
   
20,082
     
12,536
     
41,479
     
26,557
 
Research and development
   
8,131
     
4,680
     
16,468
     
8,962
 
General and administrative
   
17,113
     
12,763
     
32,375
     
20,534
 
Contingent consideration charges
   
     
13,595
     
     
24,107
 
Litigation settlement
   
     
10,000
     
     
10,000
 
Total operating expenses
   
45,326
     
53,574
     
90,322
     
90,160
 
Income (loss) from operations
   
24,967
     
(15,152
)
   
47,186
     
(17,311
)
                               
Interest expense
   
(905
)
   
     
(1,820
)
   
 
Interest and other income (loss), net
   
31
     
(14
)
   
74
     
55
 
Income (loss) before income taxes
   
24,093
     
(15,166
)
   
45,440
     
(17,256
)
Income tax expense (benefit)
   
9,802
     
(4,735
)
   
17,911
     
(5,855
)
Net income (loss)
 
$
14,291
   
$
(10,431
)
 
$
27,529
   
$
(11,401
)
Net income (loss) per share
                               
Basic
 
$
0.82
   
$
(0.64
)
 
$
1.58
   
$
(0.70
)
Diluted
 
$
0.79
   
$
(0.64
)
 
$
1.49
   
$
(0.70
)
Weighted average shares outstanding
                               
Basic
   
17,384
     
16,402
     
17,370
     
16,280
 
Diluted
   
18,192
     
16,402
(1)  
   
18,428
     
16,280
(1)  

(1) Common equivalent shares are excluded from the diluted (loss) earnings per share calculation as their effect is anti-dilutive.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
 
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)

   
Three Months Ended
June 30,
   
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
   
2016
   
2015
   
2016
   
2015
 
                         
Net income (loss)
 
$
14,291
   
$
(10,431
)
 
$
27,529
   
$
(11,401
)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
                               
Unrealized (loss) gain on investments
   
(8
)
   
(22
)
   
4
     
(14
)
Comprehensive income (loss)
 
$
14,283
   
$
(10,453
)
 
$
27,533
   
$
(11,415
)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
 
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)

   
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
   
2016
   
2015
 
Operating activities:
           
Net income (loss)
 
$
27,529
   
$
(11,401
)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
               
Depreciation and amortization
   
8,778
     
3,529
 
Stock-based compensation expense
   
15,933
     
6,043
 
Deferred income taxes
   
16,055
     
(6,205
)
Stock option windfall tax benefit
   
(307
)
   
 
Accretion of debt issuance costs
   
186
     
 
Contingent consideration
   
     
24,107
 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of assets and liabilities acquired:
               
Accounts receivable
   
8,971
     
(2,329
)
Other current assets
   
(2,233
)
   
(660
)
Other assets
   
741
     
(771
)
Deferred revenue
   
1,405
     
77
 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
   
4,784
     
14,054
 
Net cash provided by operating activities
   
81,842
     
26,444
 
                 
Investing activities:
               
Sale of short-term investments
   
3,632
     
3,869
 
Purchase of short-term investments
   
     
(1,006
)
Sale of long-term investments
   
66
     
1,075
 
Purchase of long-term investments
   
(15
)
   
 
Acquisition of Endicia
   
(573
)
   
 
Acquisition of property and equipment
   
(701
)
   
(1,230
)
Net cash provided by investing activities
   
2,409
     
2,708
 
                 
Financing activities:
               
Proceeds from short term financing obligation, net of repayments
   
510
     
1,897
 
Principal payments on term loan
   
(2,061
)
   
 
Payment on revolving credit facility
   
(10,000
)
   
 
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
   
7,042
     
5,067
 
Issuance of common stock under ESPP
   
1,108
     
776
 
Repurchase of common stock
   
(30,010
)
   
 
Stock option windfall tax benefit
   
307
     
 
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities
   
(33,104
)
   
7,740
 
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
   
51,147
     
36,892
 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
   
65,126
     
40,933
 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
 
$
116,273
   
$
77,825
 
                 
Supplemental Information:
               
Capital expenditures accrued but not paid at period end
 
$
867
   
$
6
 
Tenant improvement allowance
 
$
676
   
$
 
Income taxes paid
 
$
1,560
   
$
576
 
Issuance of 2015 and 2014 earn-out shares (see Note -2 “Acquisitions” )
 
$
63,209
   
$
9,225
 
Non cash adjustment of purchase price for Endicia acquisition
 
$
372
   
$
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
 
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
 
1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

We prepared the consolidated financial statements included herein pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with United States (“U.S.”) generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. We believe that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. We recommend that these financial statements be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and the notes thereto included in our latest annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015, filed with the SEC on February 29, 2016.

In our opinion, these unaudited financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly our financial position as of June 30, 2016, our results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and our cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2016.  The results of operations for the interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2016.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Stamps.com Inc., Auctane LLC, Interapptive, Inc., PSI Systems Inc. and PhotoStamps Inc.  In June 2014, we completed our acquisition of 100% of the outstanding equity of Auctane LLC, the Texas limited liability company that operates ShipStation (“Auctane LLC” or “ShipStation”) in a cash and contingent stock transaction.  ShipStation, based in Austin, Texas, offers monthly subscription based e-commerce shipping software primarily under the brands ShipStation and Auctane.  In August 2014, we completed our acquisition of 100% of the outstanding equity of Interapptive, Inc., a Missouri corporation, that operates ShipWorks (“Interapptive, Inc.” or “ShipWorks”) in a cash transaction.  ShipWorks, based in St. Louis, Missouri, offers monthly subscription based e-commerce shipping software.  In November 2015, we completed our acquisition of 100% of the outstanding shares of PSI Systems, Inc. (“Endicia”).  Endicia, based in Palo Alto, California, is a leading provider of high volume shipping technologies and solutions for shipping with the USPS. See Note 2–
 “Acquisitions” for further discussion of our acquisitions.

Because 100% of the voting control of Auctane LLC, Interapptive, Inc. and PSI Systems, Inc. is held by us, we have consolidated ShipStation, ShipWorks and Endicia from the date we obtained control in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. Similarly, due to our 100% control of PhotoStamps, Inc., PhotoStamps Inc. is also consolidated in the accompanying consolidated financial statements from the date of its inception. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

Use of Estimates and Risk Management

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and the accompanying notes.  Actual results could differ from those estimates, and such differences may be material to the financial statements. Examples include estimates of loss contingencies, promotional coupon redemptions, the number of PhotoStamps retail boxes that will not be redeemed, realizability of deferred income taxes, the estimates and assumptions used to calculate stock-based compensation, the estimates and assumptions used to calculate the allocation of the purchase price related to our acquisitions, including related contingent consideration, and estimates regarding the useful lives of our building, patents and other amortizable intangible assets, and goodwill.

Contingencies and Litigation

We are subject to various routine litigation matters as a claimant and a defendant. We record any amounts recovered in these matters when received. We establish loss provisions for claims against us when the loss is both probable and can be reasonably estimated.  If either or both of the criteria are not met, we assess whether there is at least a reasonable possibility that a loss, or additional losses, may have been incurred. If there is a reasonable possibility that a loss or additional loss may have been incurred for such proceedings, we disclose the estimate of the amount of loss or possible range of loss, or disclose that an estimate of loss cannot be made, as applicable.
 
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
 
Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Carrying amounts of certain of our financial instruments, including cash, cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable, approximate fair value due to their short maturities. The fair values of investments are determined using quoted market prices for those securities or similar financial instruments.  The fair value of our debt approximates book value.

In 2015 the fair value of the contingent consideration was determined based on a probability weighted method, which incorporated management’s forecasts of financial measures and the likelihood of the financial measure targets being achieved using a series of options that replicated the pay-off structure of the earn-out, and the value of each of these options was determined using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing framework.  Changes in the fair value of the contingent consideration obligations resulted from changes in the assumed timing and amount of revenue and expense estimates, changes in the probability of payment scenarios, changes in stock values, as well as changes in capital market conditions, which impacted the discount rate used in the fair valuation. Significant judgment was employed in determining the appropriateness of these assumptions as of the acquisition date and for each subsequent reporting period during 2015. See Note 2 – “Acquisitions” for a further description of the contingent consideration relating to ShipStation.
 
Property and Equipment

We account for property and equipment at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. We compute depreciation using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the asset, generally three to five years for furniture, fixtures and equipment and ten to forty years for building and building improvements. We have a policy of capitalizing expenditures that materially increase assets’ useful lives and charging ordinary maintenance and repairs to operations as incurred. When property or equipment is disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation and amortization are removed, and any gain or loss is included in operations.

Business Combinations

The acquisition method of accounting is used for business combinations. The results of operations of acquired businesses are included in our consolidated financial statements prospectively from the date of acquisition. The fair value of purchase consideration is allocated to the assets acquired, liabilities assumed and non-controlling interests in the acquired entity generally based on their fair value at the acquisition date. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the fair value of the assets acquired, liabilities assumed and non-controlling interests in the acquired entity is recorded as goodwill. Historically the primary items that have generated goodwill include anticipated synergies between the acquired business and the Company and the acquired assembled workforce, neither of which qualifies for recognition as an intangible asset. Acquisition-related expenses are recognized in our consolidated financial statements as incurred.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the fair value of consideration given over the fair value of the tangible assets, identifiable intangible assets and liabilities assumed in a business combination.  We are required to test goodwill for impairment annually and whenever events or circumstances indicate the fair value of a reporting unit may be below its carrying value.  Goodwill is reviewed for impairment annually on October 1. A reporting unit is the operating segment or a business that is one level below that operating segment. Reporting units are aggregated as a single reporting unit if they have similar economic characteristics. We are not aware of any indicators of impairment that would require an impairment analysis other than our annual impairment analysis  as of June 30, 2016.
 
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
 
Trademarks, Patents and Intangible Assets

Acquired trademarks, patents and other intangibles include both amortizable and non-amortizable assets and are included in intangible assets, net in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortization. Cost associated with internally developed intangible assets is typically expensed as incurred as research and development costs.  Amortization of amortizable intangible assets is calculated on a straight-line basis, which is consistent with expected future cash flows.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and Intangible Assets

Long-lived assets including intangible assets with finite useful lives are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset.  If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets.  Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell.

Intangible assets that have indefinite useful lives are not amortized but, instead, tested at least annually for impairment while intangible assets that have finite useful lives continue to be amortized over their respective useful lives.

Deferred Revenue

Our deferred revenue relates mainly to service revenue and PhotoStamps retail boxes.  Deferred revenue related to our service revenue generally arises due to the timing of payment versus the provision of services for certain customers billed in advance.  We previously sold PhotoStamps retail boxes to our customers through our website and selected third parties.  Proceeds from the sale of our PhotoStamps retail boxes were initially recorded as a liability when received. We recorded the liability for outstanding PhotoStamps retail boxes in deferred revenue.

Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenue from product sales or services rendered, as well as commissions from advertising or sale of products by third party vendors to our customer base when the following four revenue recognition criteria are met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, the selling price is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured.

Service revenue is primarily derived from monthly service fees and transaction related revenues from our USPS mailing and shipping services, our multi-carrier shipping services and our mailing and shipping integrations, and is recognized in the period that services are provided. Product sales, net of return allowances, are recorded when the products are shipped and title passes to customers. Sales of items, including customized postage, sold to customers are made pursuant to a sales contract that provides for transfer of both title and risk of loss upon our delivery to the carrier. Return allowances for expected product returns, which reduce product revenue, are estimated using historical experience. Commissions from the advertising or sale of products by a third party vendor to our customer base are recognized when the revenue is earned and collection is deemed probable.

Customers purchase postage through our mailing and shipping solutions.  If the postage purchase funds are transferred directly from the customers to the USPS, we do not recognize revenue for this postage, as it is purchased by our customers directly from the USPS.

Customized postage revenue, which includes the face value of postage, from the sale of PhotoStamps and PictureItPostage sheets and rolls is made pursuant to a sales contract that provides for transfer of both title and risk of loss upon our delivery to the carrier and revenue is recognized at that time.Sale of PhotoStamps retail boxes are initially recorded as deferred revenue.  PhotoStamps revenue related to the sale of these PhotoStamps retail boxes is subsequently recognized when either: 1) the PhotoStamps retail box is redeemed, or 2) the likelihood of the PhotoStamps retail box being redeemed is deemed remote (“breakage”) and there is no legal obligation to remit the value of the unredeemed PhotoStamps retail boxes.
On a limited basis, we allow third parties to offer products and promotions to our customer base. These arrangements generally provide payment in the form of a flat fee or revenue sharing arrangements where we receive payment upon customers accessing third party products and services. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 revenue from such advertising arrangements was not significant.
 
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
 
We provide our customers with the opportunity to purchase parcel insurance directly through our solutions. Insurance revenue represents the gross amount charged to the customer for purchasing insurance and the related cost represents the amount paid to our insurance brokers. We recognize revenue on insurance purchases upon the ship date of the insured package.

PhotoStamps Retail Boxes

We previously sold PhotoStamps retail boxes that are redeemable for PhotoStamps on our website.  The PhotoStamps retail boxes were sold through various third party retail partners.  Our PhotoStamps retail boxes are not subject to administrative fees on unredeemed boxes and have no expiration date.  PhotoStamps retail box sales were recorded as deferred revenue.  We concluded that sufficient company-specific historical evidence existed to determine the period of time after which the likelihood of the PhotoStamps retail boxes being redeemed was remote.  Based on our analysis of the redemption data, we estimate that period of time to be 60 months after the sale of our PhotoStamps retail boxes.

We recognize breakage revenue related to our PhotoStamps retail boxes utilizing the redemption recognition method. Under the redemption recognition method, we recognize breakage revenue from unredeemed retail boxes in proportion to the revenue recognized from the retail boxes that have been redeemed.  Revenue from our PhotoStamps retail boxes is included in Customized postage revenue. PhotoStamps retail box breakage revenue was not significant during the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015.

Income Taxes

We account for income taxes in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) ASC Topic No. 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”), which requires that deferred tax assets and liabilities be recognized using enacted tax rates for the effect of temporary differences between the book and tax basis of recorded assets and liabilities. ASC 740 also requires that deferred tax assets be reduced by a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some or all of the net deferred tax assets will not be realized. We record a valuation allowance to reduce our gross deferred tax assets, which are primarily comprised of U.S. Federal and State tax loss carry-forwards, to the amount that is more likely than not (a likelihood of more than 50 percent) to be realized.  In order for us to realize our deferred tax assets, we must be able to generate sufficient taxable income. We evaluate the appropriateness of our deferred tax assets and related valuation allowance in accordance with ASC 740 based on all available positive and negative evidence. As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 we do not have any valuation allowance recorded to reduce our gross deferred tax assets as we believe we have met the more likely than not threshold we will realize our tax loss carry-forwards in the foreseeable future.

Short-Term Financing Obligation

We utilize short-term financing, which is separate from our debt, to fund certain company operations.  Short-term financing is included in accrued expenses.  As of June 30, 2016 we had $13.8 million in short-term financing obligations and $46.2 million of unused credit.  As of December 31 , 2015 we had $13.3 million in short-term financing obligations and $34.2 million of unused credit.
 
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
 
Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("ASU 2014-09") an updated standard on revenue recognition. This ASU will supersede the revenue recognition requirements in Accounting Standards Codification Topic 605, Revenue Recognition, and most industry-specific guidance.  ASU 2014-09 provides enhancements to the quality and consistency of how revenue is reported while also improving comparability in the financial statements of companies reporting using US GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards.  The core principle of the new standard is for companies to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in amounts that reflect the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In doing so the Company may be required to use more judgment and make more estimates than under current authoritative guidance. ASU 2014-09 will be effective for the Company in the first quarter of fiscal 2018 and may be applied on a full retrospective or modified retrospective approach. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements.

In April 2015, the FASB issued guidance to help entities evaluate whether fees paid in a cloud computing arrangement include a software license. Pursuant to this guidance, when a cloud computing arrangement includes a software license, the customer accounts for the software license element of the arrangement consistent with the acquisition of other software licenses. When a cloud computing arrangement does not include a software license element, the customer accounts for the arrangement as a service contract. The prospective adoption of this guidance on January 1, 2016 did not have a material effect on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

In November 2015, the FASB issued guidance that requires deferred tax assets and liabilities to be presented as noncurrent in a classified statement of financial position. The guidance is effective beginning January 1, 2017, with early adoption permitted. The guidance can be applied prospectively or retrospectively. The Company elected to early adopt the requirements and apply them retrospectively as of December 31, 2015. The adoption resulted in the reclassification of $2.1 million of current deferred tax assets, net to noncurrent deferred tax assets, net in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of June 30, 2015.

In February 2016, the FASB issued a new accounting standard for leases. The new standard generally requires the recognition of financing and operating lease liabilities and corresponding right-of-use assets on the balance sheet. For financing leases, a lessee recognizes amortization of the right-of-use asset as an operating expense over the lease term separately from interest on the lease liability. For operating leases, a lessee recognizes its total lease expense as an operating expense over the lease term. The amendments are effective for the Company in the first quarter of 2019 using a modified retrospective approach with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements.

In March 2016, the FASB simplified certain areas of accounting for stock-based compensation, including accounting for the income tax consequences of stock-based compensation, determining the classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, classifying certain items within the statement of cash flows and introducing an accounting policy election to account for forfeitures of non-vested awards as they occur. The simplified guidance is effective for the Company in the first quarter of 2017. Depending on the area simplified, the guidance is effective either prospectively, retrospectively or using a modified retrospective approach. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the effect of adoption on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

Subsequent Events

We are not aware of any material subsequent events or transactions that have occurred that would require recognition in the financial statements or disclosure in the notes to the financial statements, except the acquisition of ShippingEasy Group, Inc. described in Note 2 - Acquisitions to the consolidated financial statements.
 
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
 
2. Acquisitions

We have accounted for all of our acquisitions under the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic No. 805 Business Combinations (“ASC 805”).

ShippingEasy Acquisition

On June 16, 2016, we entered into a definitive agreement to acquire ShippingEasy Group, Inc. (“ShippingEasy”) for approximately $55 million in cash. ShippingEasy, an Austin, Texas based company, offers web-based multi-carrier shipping software that allows online retailers and e-commerce merchants to organize, process, fulfill and ship their orders quickly and easily.
 
On July 1, 2016, we completed our acquisition of ShippingEasy.  The net purchase price of approximately $55 million, which was subject to adjustments for changes in ShippingEasy’s net working capital as of the date of the closing of the Transaction, certain transaction expenses and closing cash adjustments, was funded from current cash and investment balances.  We plan for ShippingEasy to operate as a wholly owned subsidiary, led by its existing management team.

In connection with the acquisition we made performance based inducement equity awards to each the General Manager and the Chief Technology Officer of ShippingEasy. These inducement awards cover an aggregate of up to 43,567 common shares each if earnings targets for ShippingEasy are achieved over a two and one-half year period beginning July 1, 2016. The awards are subject to proration if at least 75% of the applicable target is achieved and are subject to forfeiture or acceleration based on changes in employment circumstances over the performance period. The awards are a material inducement to the General Manager and the Chief Technology Officer entering into employment agreements with Stamps.com in connection with the acquisition of ShippingEasy.

We also made inducement stock option grants for an aggregate of 62,000 shares of Stamps.com common stock to 48 new employees in connection with our acquisition of ShippingEasy. Each option vests 25% on the one year anniversary of the grant date with the remaining 75% vesting in approximately equal monthly increments over the immediately succeeding thirty-six months provided that the option holder is still employed by the Company on the vesting dates. The stock options have a ten year term and an exercise price equal to the closing price of Stamps.com common stock on the grant date of July 1, 2016. The stock options were granted as inducements material to the new employees entering into employment with Stamps.com.

ShippingEasy is not included in our financial statements as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2016 since the acquisition was subsequent to period end. The amounts for each  major class of assets acquired and liabilities assumed are not disclosed due to the impractibiliy of completing the purchase price allocation before issuance of this report.

Endicia Acquisition

On March 22, 2015 we entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Stock Purchase Agreement”) with Endicia, and Newell Rubbermaid Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Newell”).  The Stock Purchase Agreement provided for our purchase of all of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock of Endicia from a wholly owned indirect subsidiary of Newell for an aggregate purchase price of $215 million in cash (the “Transaction”).  The purchase price was subject to adjustment for changes in Endicia’s net working capital as of the date of the closing of the Transaction and certain transaction expenses and closing cash adjustments. After receiving regulatory clearance, we closed the Transactionon November 18, 2015.
 
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
 
As part of the funding of our acquisition of Endicia, we entered into a credit agreement with a group of banks on November 18, 2015, which provided for a term loan of $82.5 million and a revolving credit facility with a maximum borrowing of $82.5 million (collectively, the “Credit Agreement”) to fund our acquisition of Endicia. The Credit Agreement is secured by substantially all of our assets. We funded our acquisition with cash of $56.5 million and debt from our Credit Agreement of $164.5 million, totaling $221.0 million. The $221.0 million consists of the following: 1) purchase price of $214.2 million, 2) $1.5 million of debt issuance costs and 3) the transfer of Endicia’s ending cash balance on November 17, 2015 of $5.3 million.  Total debt issuance costs of $1.8 million, which includes $300,000 of costs incurred prior to closing, were recorded as debt discount and are being accreted as interest expense over the life of the Credit Agreement. Our Credit Agreement matures on November 18, 2020.  As of June 30, 2016 our outstanding debt under the Credit Agreement, gross of debt issuance costs, was approximately $79.4 million under the term loan and approximately $72.0 million under the revolving credit facility.  Because we have a letter of credit of approximately $510,000 relating to a facility lease, we have approximately $10.0 million of available and unused borrowings under the revolving credit facility as of June 30, 2016.

During the first quarter of 2016, we adjusted the purchase price of Endicia and related goodwill by approximately $945,000 due to certain acquisition date balance sheet adjustments and the settlement of net working capital with Newell. The total estimated purchase price of the acquired company is allocated to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed based on their fair values. We have made significant estimates and assumptions in determining the allocation of the purchase price. The following table sets forth the final allocation of the purchase price (in thousands, except years):

   
Fair Value
   
Fair Value
   
Useful Life
(In Years)
   
Weighted
Average
Estimated
Useful Life
(In Years)
 
Trade accounts receivable
 
$
10,247
                   
Other assets
   
771
                   
Property and equipment
   
2,798
                   
Goodwill
   
131,860
                   
Identifiable intangible assets:
                         
Trade name
         
$
10,900
   
Indefinite
       
Developed technology
           
26,100
     9        
Customer relationship
           
43,200
     6        
Total identifiable intangible assets
   
80,200
                     7  
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
   
(10,212
)
                       
Deferred revenue
   
(926
)
                       
Total purchase price
 
$
214,738
                         

Goodwill represents the excess of the fair value of consideration given over the fair value of the tangible assets, identifiable intangible assets and liabilities assumed in a business combination and the potential synergy of combining the operations of Stamps.com and Endicia.  Such synergies include estimated cost reductions and enhanced sales and customer support which is expected to drive increased volume.  The entire amount of goodwill recorded in this acquisition will be deducted for tax purposes ratably over a 15 year period.  The identified intangible assets consist of trade name, developed technology and customer relationships.  The estimated fair values of the trade name and developed technology were determined using the “relief from royalty” method.  The estimated fair value of customer relationship was determined using the “excess earnings” method.  The rate utilized to discount net cash flows to their present values was approximately 20% and was determined after consideration of the overall enterprise rate of return and the relative risk and importance of the assets to the generation of future cash flows.  Developed technology and customer relationship will be amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives.  The amortization of acquired intangibles will be approximately $2.5 million per quarter for the remaining estimated useful lives.
 
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

ShipWorks Acquisition
 
On August 29, 2014, we acquired 100% of the outstanding equity of Interapptive Inc., which operates ShipWorks, in a cash transaction.  ShipWorks, based in St. Louis, Missouri, offers monthly subscription based e-commerce shipping software that provides simple, powerful and easy to use solutions for online sellers. ShipWorks solutions integrate with over 50 popular online sales and marketplaces systems including eBay, PayPal, Amazon, Yahoo! and others.  ShipWorks offers multi-carrier shipping options and features including sending email notifications to buyers, updating online order status, generating reports and many more. During the fourth quarter of 2014, we adjusted the purchase price of ShipWorks by approximately $69,000.
 
The total purchase price for ShipWorks was approximately $22.1 million and was comprised of the following (in thousands):
 
   
Fair Value
 
Cash consideration
 
$
21,952
 
Deferred consideration
   
181
 
Total purchase price
 
$
22,133
 

The total purchase price of the acquired company was allocated to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed based on their fair values. We have made significant estimates and assumptions in determining the allocation of the purchase price. The following table sets forth the final allocation of the purchase price (in thousands, except years):
 
   
Fair Value
   
Fair Value
   
Useful Life
(In Years)
   
Weighted
Average
Estimated
Useful Life
(In Years)
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
803
                   
Trade accounts receivable
   
353
                   
Other assets
   
21
                   
Property and equipment
   
1,091
                   
Goodwill
   
16,349
                   
Identifiable intangible assets:
                         
Trademark
         
$
200
     6        
Developed technology
           
1,700
     7        
Non-compete agreement
           
700
     4        
Customer relationship
           
2,300
     6        
Total identifiable intangible assets
   
4,900
                     6  
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
   
(1,119
)
                       
Deferred revenue
   
(265
)
                       
Total purchase price
 
$
22,133
                         

Goodwill represents the excess of the fair value of consideration given over the fair value of the tangible assets, identifiable intangible assets and liabilities assumed in a business combination and the potential synergy of combining the operations of Stamps.com and ShipWorks.  The entire amount of goodwill recorded in this acquisition will be deducted for tax purposes ratably over a 15 year period.  The identified intangible assets consist of trademarks, developed technology, non-compete agreements and customer relationships.  The estimated fair values of the trademark and developed technology were determined using the “relief from royalty” method.  The estimated fair value of the non-compete was determined using the “with and without” method.  The estimated fair value of customer relationship was determined using the “excess earnings” method.  The rate utilized to discount net cash flows to their present values was approximately 13% and was determined after consideration of the overall enterprise rate of return and the relative risk and importance of the assets to the generation of future cash flows.  Trademark, developed technology, non-compete and customer relationship is amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives.  The amortization of acquired intangibles will be approximately $200,000 per quarter for the remaining estimated useful lives.
 
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
 
ShipStation Acquisition and Contingent Consideration
 
On June 10, 2014, we acquired 100% of the outstanding equity of Auctane LLC, which operates ShipStation, in a cash and contingent stock transaction.  ShipStation, based in Austin, Texas, offers monthly subscription based e-commerce shipping software primarily under the brands ShipStation and Auctane.  ShipStation is a leading web-based shipping software solution that allows online retailers and e-commerce merchants to organize, process, fulfill and ship their orders quickly and easily. ShipStation supports automatic order importing from over 50 shopping carts and marketplaces, including eBay, Amazon, Shopify, Bigcommerce, Volusion, Squarespace and others.  ShipStation offers multi-carrier shipping options, and automation features like custom hierarchical rules and product profiles that allow customers to easily and automatically optimize their shipping. Using ShipStation, an online retailer or e-commerce merchant can ship their orders from wherever they sell and however they ship.
 
The total purchase price for ShipStation was approximately $66.2 million and was comprised of the following (in thousands, except shares):
 
   
Fair Value
 
Cash consideration
 
$
50,000
 
Fair value of performance linked earn-out of up to 768,900 shares of Stamps.com common stock (contingent consideration)
   
16,242
 
Total purchase price
 
$
66,242
 

The performance linked earn-out payment of Stamps.com shares (or contingent consideration) to former equity members of Auctane LLC was based on the achievement of certain financial measures within a future time period.  There were two periods in which the earn-out payment was calculated. The first earn-out period was based on the achievement of certain financial measures during the six months ended December 31, 2014.  The second earn-out period was based on the achievement of certain financial measures during the twelve months ended December 31, 2015.  The range of Stamps.com shares available for the performance linked earn-out for both periods was between 576,675 to 768,900 shares provided that a minimum threshold for the financial measures was achieved. The first earn-out payment totaled 192,225 shares and was made in the first quarter of 2015.  The second earn-out payment totaled 576,675 shares and was made in the first quarter of 2016.  The fair value of the contingent consideration was determined at the acquisition date based on a probability weighted method, which incorporated management’s forecasts of financial measures and the likelihood of the financial measure targets being achieved using a series of options that replicate the pay-off structure of the earn-out, and the value of each of these options was determined using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing framework.
 
The total purchase price of the acquired company was allocated to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed based on their fair values. We have made significant estimates and assumptions in determining the allocation of the purchase price. The following table sets forth the final allocation of the purchase price (in thousands, except years):
 
   
Fair Value
   
Fair Value
   
Useful Life
(In Years)
   
Weighted
Average
Estimated
Useful
Life (In
Years)
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
1,117
                   
Trade accounts receivable
   
254
                   
Other assets
   
39
                   
Property and equipment
   
187
                   
Goodwill
   
50,544
                   
Identifiable intangible assets:
                         
Trademark
         
$
500
     4        
Developed technology
           
5,300
     8        
Non-compete agreement
           
400
     4        
Customer relationship
           
9,000
     8        
Total identifiable intangible assets
   
15,200
                     8  
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
   
(835
)
                       
Deferred revenue
   
(264
)
                       
Total purchase price
 
$
66,242
                         
 
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
                                            
Goodwill represents the excess of the fair value of consideration given over the fair value of the tangible assets, identifiable intangible assets and liabilities assumed in a business combination and the potential synergy of combining the operations of Stamps.com and ShipStation.  The entire amount of goodwill recorded in this acquisition will be deducted for tax purposes ratably over a 15 year period.  The identified intangible assets consist of trademarks, developed technology, non-compete agreements and customer relationships.  The estimated fair values of the trademark and developed technology were determined using the “relief from royalty” method.  The estimated fair value of the non-compete was determined using the “with and without” method.  The estimated fair value of customer relationship was determined using the “excess earnings” method.  The rate utilized to discount net cash flows to their present values was approximately 15% and was determined after consideration of the overall enterprise rate of return and the relative risk and importance of the assets to the generation of future cash flows.  Trademark, developed technology, non-compete and customer relationship is amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives.  The amortization of acquired intangibles will be approximately $500,000 per quarter for the remaining estimated useful lives.
 
Under ASC 805, we are required to re-measure the fair value of the contingent consideration at each reporting period.  During the 2015 periods, the fair value of the contingent consideration was determined based on a probability weighted method, which incorporated management’s forecasts of financial measures and the likelihood of the financial measure targets being achieved using a series of options that replicate the pay-off structure of the earn-out, and the value of each of these options was determined using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing framework.   Increases or decreases in the fair value of the contingent consideration can result from changes in the assumed timing and amount of revenue and expense estimates, changes in the probability of payment scenarios, changes in stock values, as well as changes in capital market conditions, which impact the discount rate used in the fair valuation. Significant judgment was employed in determining the appropriateness of these assumptions as of the acquisition date and for each subsequent reporting period.  We recognized $13.6 million and $24.1 million of contingent consideration charges during the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively.  As of December 31, 2015, the fair value of the contingent consideration was calculated by multiplying the expected earn-out shares to be distributed by our stock price at December 31, 2015. The fair value of the contingent consideration for the ShipStation acquisition was $63.2 million as of December 31, 2015, the final measurement date. No increases or decreases to the fair value of the contingent consideration were made following December 31, 2015 and prior to the second and final earn-out payment in the first quarter of 2016.
 
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
 
3. Commitments and Contingencies
 
Legal Proceedings
 
We are subject to various routine legal proceedings and claims incidental to our business, and we do not believe that these proceedings and claims would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
 
Although management at present believes that the ultimate outcome of the various routine proceedings, individually and in the aggregate, will not materially harm our financial position, results of operations, cash flows, or overall trends, legal proceedings are subject to inherent uncertainties, and unfavorable rulings or other events could occur. An unfavorable outcome for an amount in excess of management’s present beliefs may result in a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations, financial position, and overall trends.
 
Commitments
 
The following table is a schedule of our significant contractual obligations and commercial commitments (other than debt commitments), which consist only of future minimum lease payments under operating leases as of June 30, 2016 (in thousands):

Twelve Month Period Ending June 30,
 
Operating Lease
Obligation
 
2017                    $
 
$
3,118
 
2018
   
3,180
 
2019
   
1,515
 
2020
   
613
 
2021
   
572
 
Total
 
$
8,998
 

4. Net Income (loss) per Share
 
Net income (loss) per share represents net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during a reporting period. The diluted net income (loss) per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock, including stock options (commonly and hereafter referred to as “common stock equivalents”), were exercised or converted into common stock.  Diluted net income per share is calculated by dividing net income during a reporting period by the sum of the weighted average number of common shares outstanding plus common stock equivalents for the period.
 
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
 
The following table reconciles share amounts utilized to calculate basic and diluted net income (loss) per share (in thousands, except per share data):

   
Three Months Ended
June 30,
   
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
   
2016
   
2015
   
2016
   
2015
 
Net income (loss)
 
$
14,291
   
$
(10,431
)
 
$
27,529
   
$
(11,401
)
                                 
Basic - weighted average common shares
   
17,384
     
16,402
     
17,370
     
16,280
 
Diluted effect of common stock equivalents
   
808
     
(1)  
   
1,058
     
(1)  
Diluted - weighted average common shares
   
18,192
     
16,402
     
18,428
     
16,280
 
                                 
Earnings (loss) per share:
                               
Basic
 
$
0.82
   
$
(0.64
)
 
$
1.58
   
$
(0.70
)
Diluted
 
$
0.79
   
$
(0.64
)
 
$
1.49
   
$
(0.70
)

(1) Common equivalent shares are excluded from the diluted net loss per share calculation as their effect is anti-dilutive.
 
The calculation of dilutive shares excludes the effect of the following options that are considered anti-dilutive (in thousands):
 
   
Three Months Ended
June 30,
   
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
   
2016
   
2015
   
2016
   
2015
 
Anti-dilutive stock option shares
   
287
     
2,992
     
147
     
2,978
 

5. Stock-Based Employee Compensation
 
We estimate the fair value of share-based payment awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model and recognize stock-based compensation expense during each period based on the value of that portion of share-based payment awards that is ultimately expected to vest during the period, reduced for estimated forfeitures. We estimate forfeitures at the time of grant based on historical data and revise, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. Compensation expense recognized for all employee stock options granted is recognized using the straight-line method over their respective vesting periods of up to five years.
 
The following table sets forth the stock-based compensation expense that we recognized for the periods indicated (in thousands):
 
   
Three Months Ended
June 30,
   
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
   
2016
   
2015
   
2016
   
2015
 
Stock-based compensation expense relating to:
                       
Employee and director stock options
 
$
8,154
   
$
3,274
   
$
15,435
   
$
5,802
 
Employee stock purchases
   
263
     
127
     
498
     
241
 
Total stock-based compensation expense
 
$
8,417
   
$
3,401
   
$
15,933
   
$
6,043
 
                                 
                                 
Stock-based compensation expense relating to:
                               
Cost of revenues
 
$
450
   
$
201
   
$
875
   
$
368
 
Sales and marketing
   
1,857
     
853
     
3,588
     
1,575
 
Research and development
   
1,425
     
617
     
2,780
     
1,165
 
General and administrative
   
4,685
     
1 , 730
     
8,690
     
2,935
 
Total stock-based compensation expense
 
$
8,417
   
$
3,401
   
$
15,933
   
$
6,043
 
 
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
 
We use the Black-Scholes-Merton option valuation model to estimate the fair value of share-based payment awards on the date of grant, which requires us to make a number of highly complex and subjective assumptions, including stock price volatility, expected term, risk-free interest rates and projected employee stock option exercise behaviors. In the case of options we grant, our assumption of expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of our stock price over the term equal to the expected life of the options. We base the risk-free interest rate on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with a remaining term equal to the expected life of the options assumed at the date of grant.  The estimated expected life represents the weighted-average period the stock options are expected to remain outstanding, determined based on an analysis of historical exercise behavior.
 
The following are the weighted average assumptions used in the Black-Scholes valuation model for the periods indicated:
 
   
Three Months Ended
June 30,
   
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
   
2016
   
2015
   
2016
   
2015
 
Expected dividend yield
               
Risk-free interest rate
  1.0%
 
  0.9%
 
  1.0%
 
  1.0%
 
Expected volatility
  49%   45%
 
  48%
 
  46%
 
Expected life (in years)
  3.4     3.4     3.4     3.4  
Expected forfeiture rate
  6%
 
  6%
 
  6%
 
  6%
 

6. Goodwill and Intangible Assets
 
Goodwill represents the excess of the fair value of consideration given over the fair value of the tangible assets, identifiable intangible assets and liabilities assumed in a business combination.
 
The following table summarizes goodwill as of December 31, 2015 and June 30, 2016 (in thousands):

   
2016
 
Goodwill balance at December 31, 2015
 
$
197,807
 
Acquisitions (see Note 2– “Acquisitions” )
   
945
 
Goodwill balance at June 30, 2016
 
$
198,752
 

Goodwill is reviewed for impairment annually on October 1 st utilizing a qualitative assessment or a two-step process.  We have an option to make a qualitative assessment of a reporting unit's goodwill for impairment.  If we choose to perform a qualitative assessment and determine the fair value more likely than not exceeds the carrying value, no further evaluation is necessary.  For reporting units where we perform the two-step process, the first step requires us to compare the fair value of each reporting unit, which we primarily determine using an income approach based on the present value of discounted cash flows, to the respective carrying value, which includes goodwill.  If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, the goodwill is not considered impaired.  If the carrying value is higher than the fair value, there is an indication that impairment may exist and the second step is required.  In step two, the implied fair value of goodwill is calculated as the excess of the fair value of a reporting unit over the fair values assigned to its assets and liabilities.  If the implied fair value of goodwill is less than the carrying value of the reporting unit's goodwill, the difference is recognized as an impairment loss.
 
We have amortizable and non-amortizable intangible assets consisting of patents, trademarks, trade names, lease-in-place intangible assets, developed technology, non-compete agreements and customer relationships totaling approximately $109.7 million in gross carrying amount as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.
 
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

The following table summarizes our amortizable intangible assets as of June 30, 2016 (in thousands):

   
Gross
Carrying
Amount
   
Accumulated
Amortization
   
Net Carrying
Amount
 
Patents and Others
 
$
8,889
   
$
8,752
   
$
137
 
Customer Relationships
   
54,500
     
7,213
     
47,287
 
Technology
   
33,100
     
3,502
     
29,598
 
Non-Compete
   
1,100
     
526
     
574
 
Trademark
   
700
     
318
     
382
 
Total amortizable intangible assets at June 30, 2016
 
$
98,289
   
$
20,311
   
$
77,978
 

We recorded amortization of intangible assets totaling approximately $6.6 million and $1.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, which is included in general and administrative expense in our accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
 
As of June 30, 2016, the remaining weighted average amortization period for our amortizable intangible assets is approximately 6.2 years. Our estimated amortization expense for the next five years and thereafter is as follows (in thousands):
 
Twelve Month Period Ending June 30,
 
Estimated
Amortization
Expense
 
2017                    $
 
$
12,995
 
2018
   
12,995
 
2019
   
12,611
 
2020
   
12,549
 
2021
   
12,202
 
Thereafter
   
14,626
 
Total
 
$
77,978
 

7. Income Taxes
 
Our income tax expense was $9.8 million and $17.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, respectively.  Our tax expense was primarily attributable to our pre-tax income including our current tax expense consisting of federal alternative minimum tax and various state taxes and our deferred income tax expense consisting of temporary tax items including stock compensation and differences in the book and tax lives of amortizable intangibles. Our income tax benefit was $4.7 million and $5.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively.  Our tax benefit was primarily attributable to our pre-tax losses and deferred income taxes.  Our effective tax rate differs from statutory federal rate as a result of several factors including non-temporary differences and state and local income taxes. We evaluated the appropriateness of our deferred tax assets and related valuation allowance in accordance with ASC 740 based on all available positive and negative evidence.  As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, we do not have any valuation allowance against our  deferred tax assets.
 
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
 
8. Fair Value Measurements
 
Financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis are classified in one of the three following categories, which are described below:
 
Level 1 - Valuations based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets in an active market

Level 2 - Valuations based on quoted prices in markets where trading occurs infrequently or whose values are based on quoted prices of instruments with similar attributes in active markets
 
Level 3 - Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and involve management judgment and our own assumptions about market participants and pricing
 
The following table summarizes our financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 (in thousands):
 
         
Fair Value Measurement at Reporting Date Using
 
 
 
 
 
Description
 
June 30, 2016
   
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
   
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
   
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 
                         
Cash equivalents
 
$
116,273
   
$
116,273
   
$
   
$
 
Available-for-sale debt securities
   
6,403
     
     
6,403
     
 
Total
 
$
122,676
   
$
116,273
   
$
6,403
   
$
 

         
Fair Value Measurement at Reporting Date Using
 
 
 
 
 
Description
 
December 31, 2015
   
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
   
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
   
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 
                         
Cash equivalents
 
$
65,126
   
$
65,126
   
$
   
$
 
Available-for-sale debt securities
   
10,082
     
     
10,082
     
 
Total
 
$
75,208
   
$
65,126
   
$
10,082
   
$
 

The fair value of our available-for-sale debt securities included in the Level 2 category is based on the market values obtained from an independent pricing service that were evaluated using pricing models that vary by asset class and may incorporate available trade, bid and other market information and price quotes from well-established independent pricing vendors and broker-dealers.
 
As of December 31, 2015 we had $63.2 million of contingent consideration relating to our acquisition of ShipStation that was required to be measured at fair value using quoted prices in active markets (level 1) because the contingencies had been resolved as of that date.
 
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

The following table summarizes our contingent consideration measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):
 
         
Fair Value Measurement at Reporting Date Using
 
 
 
 
 
Description
 
December 31, 2015
   
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
   
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
   
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 
                         
Contingent consideration – current
 
$
63,209
   
$
63,209
   
$
   
$
 


9. Cash, Cash Equivalents and Investments
 
Our cash equivalents and investments consist of money market, U.S. government obligations, asset-backed securities, and public corporate debt securities at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015. We consider all highly liquid investments with an original or remaining maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. All of our investments are classified as available for sale and are recorded at market value using the specific identification method. Realized gains and losses are reflected in other income, net using the specific identification method.  There was no material realized gain or loss with respect to our investments during the three and six months ended June 30, 2016. Unrealized gains and losses are included as a separate component of stockholders' equity.  We do not intend to sell investments with an amortized cost basis exceeding fair value and it is not likely that we will be required to sell the investments before recovery of their amortized cost bases. We have 5 securities with a total fair value of $1.4 million that have unrealized losses of approximately $2,000 as of June 30, 2016.
 
On at least a quarterly basis, we evaluate our available for sale securities, and record an “other-than-temporary impairment” (“OTTI”) if we believe their fair value is less than historical cost and it is probable that we will not collect all contractual cash flows. We did not record any OTTI during the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, after evaluating a number of factors including, but not limited to:

· How much fair value has declined below amortized cost
· The financial condition of the issuers
· Significant rating agency changes on the issuer
· Our intent and ability to hold the security for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value
 
STAMPS.COM INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

The following tables summarize our cash, cash equivalents and investments as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 (in thousands):
 
   
June 30, 2016
 
   
Cost or
Amortized
Cost
   
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   
Estimated
Fair Value
 
Cash and cash equivalents:
                       
Cash
 
$
116,242
     
     
   
$
116,242
 
Money market
   
31
     
     
     
31
 
Total cash and cash equivalents
   
116,273
     
     
     
116,273
 
Short-term investments:
                               
Corporate bonds and asset backed securities
   
6,381
     
24
     
(2
)
   
6,403
 
Total short-term investments
   
6,381
     
24
     
(2
)
   
6,403
 
Long-term investments:
                               
Corporate bonds and asset backed securities
   
     
     
     
 
Total long-term investments
   
     
     
     
 
Cash, cash equivalents and investments
 
$
122,654
     
24
     
(2
)
 
$
122,676
 
 
   
December 31, 2015
 
   
Cost or
Amortized
Cost
   
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   
Estimated
Fair Value
 
Cash and cash equivalents:
                       
Cash
 
$
63,593
     
     
   
$
63,593
 
Money market
   
1,533
     
     
     
1,533
 
Total cash and cash equivalents
   
65,126
     
     
     
65,126
 
Short-term investments:
                               
Corporate bonds and asset backed securities
   
8,549
     
7
     
(3
)
   
8,553
 
Total short-term investments
   
8,549
     
7
     
(3
)
   
8,553
 
Long-term investments:
                               
Corporate bonds and asset backed securities
   
1,515
     
17
     
(3
)
   
1,529
 
Total long-term investments
   
1,515
     
17
     
(3
)
   
1,529
 
Cash, cash equivalents and investments
 
$
75,190
     
24
     
(6
)
 
$
75,208
 
 
The following table summarizes contractual maturities of our marketable fixed-income securities as of June 30, 2016 (in thousands):
 
   
Amortized
Cost
   
Estimated
Fair Value
 
Due within one year
 
$
6,381
   
$
6,403
 
Due after one year
   
     
 
Total
 
$
6,381
   
$
6,403
 
 
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Report”) contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). These statements relate to expectations concerning matters that are not historical facts.   You can find many (but not all) of these statements by looking for words such as “approximates,” “believes,” “expects,” “seeks,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “intends,” “plans,” “would,” “could,” ”should,” “will,” “may” or other similar expressions in this report.  We claim the protection of the safe harbor contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 with respect to forward-looking statements.  We caution investors that any forward-looking statements presented in this Report, or that we may make orally or in writing from time to time, are based on beliefs and assumptions made by, and information currently available to us at the respective times they are made.  Such statements are based on assumptions, and the actual outcome will be affected by known and unknown risks, trends and uncertainties and other factors that may be beyond our control or ability to predict. Although we believe that our assumptions are reasonable, they are not guarantees of future performance, and some will inevitably prove to be incorrect. As a result, our actual future results may differ from our expectations, and those differences may be material. We are not undertaking any obligation to update any forward-looking statements. Accordingly, investors should use caution in relying on forward-looking statements, which are based on known results and trends at the time they are made, to anticipate future results or trends.
 
Please refer to the risk factors under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 as well as those described elsewhere in this report and in our other public filings.  The risks included are not exhaustive, and additional factors could adversely affect our business and financial performance.  We operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risk factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for management to predict all such risk factors, nor can it assess the impact of all such risk factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. This Report and all subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to us or any person acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained or referred to in this section.
 
Stamps.com, Endicia, ShipStation, ShipWorks, ShippingEasy, NetStamps, Stamps.com Internet Postage, PhotoStamps, PictureItPostage and the Stamps.com logo are our trademarks. This Report also references trademarks of other entities.  References in this Report to “we” “us” “our” or “company” are references to Stamps.com Inc. and its subsidiaries.
 
Overview
 
Stamps.com® is a leading provider of Internet-based mailing and shipping solutions.  Under the Stamps.com and Endicia® branded solutions, our customers use our service to mail and ship a variety of mail pieces, including postcards, envelopes, flats and packages, using a wide range of United States Postal Service (“USPS”) mail classes, including First Class Mail®, Priority Mail®, Priority Mail Express®, Media Mail®, Parcel Select®, and others.  Customers using our service receive discounted postage rates compared to USPS retail on certain mail pieces such as First Class letters and domestic and international Priority Mail and Priority Mail Express packages.  Our customers include individuals, small businesses, home offices, medium-size businesses and large enterprises.  We were the first ever USPS-licensed vendor to offer mailing and shipping in a software-only business model in 1999.  We also offer multi-carrier shipping solutions under the brand names ShipStation®,ShipWorks® and ShippingEasy TM (ShippingEasy’s results are not included in the periods covered by this Report) .
 
Mailing and Shipping Business References
 
When we refer to our “mailing and shipping business,” we are referring to our mailing and shipping products and services including our mailing and shipping services and integrations, Mailing & Shipping Supplies Stores, branded insurance offerings and multi-carrier services. We do not include our Customized Postage business when we refer to our mailing and shipping business.
 
We have historically broken out our mailing and shipping business between Core mailing and shipping and Non-Core mailing and shipping.
 
We previously referred to our "Core mailing and shipping business" as the portion of our mailing and shipping business targeting our small business, enterprise and high volume shipping customers acquired through our Core mailing and shipping marketing channels which include partnerships, online advertising, direct mail, direct sales, traditional media advertising and others.
 
We previously referred to our "Non-Core mailing and shipping business" as the portion of our mailing and shipping business that targeted a more consumer oriented customer through the online enhanced promotion marketing channel.
 
In light of our acquisitions, including the Endicia acquisition, we have concluded that the Non-Core mailing and shipping business is not material enough to break out separately in 2015 or subsequently, as it no longer provides investors with material additional insights into our business.
 
When we refer to our “mailing and shipping revenue,” we are referring to our service, product and insurance revenue generated by all of our mailing and shipping customers.
 
Services and Products
 
Mailing and Shipping Business
 
We offer the following mailing and shipping products and services to our customers under the Stamps.com, Endicia, ShipStation and ShipWorks brands:

· USPS Mailing and Shipping Services. After completing the registration process, customers can purchase and print postage 24 hours a day, seven days a week, through our software or web interface. Typically, customers fund an account balance prior to using our service. The customer then draws down their prepaid account balance as they print postage and repurchase postage as necessary.   Our USPS-approved mailing and shipping services enables users to print “electronic stamps” directly onto envelopes, plain paper, or labels using only a standard personal computer, printer and Internet connection. Our services currently support a variety of USPS mail classes. Customers can also add to their mail pieces USPS Special Services such as USPS Tracking TM , Signature Confirmation TM , Registered Mail, Certified Mail, Insured Mail, Return Receipt, Collect on Delivery and Restricted Delivery. Our customers can print postage (1) on NetStamps® labels or DYMO Stamps® labels, which can be used just like regular stamps, (2) directly on envelopes, postcards or on other types of mail or labels, in a single step process that saves time and provides a professional look, (3) on plain 8.5” x 11” paper or on special labels for packages, and (4) on integrated customs forms for international mail and packages.
 
For added convenience, our mailing and shipping services incorporate address verification technology that verifies each destination address for mail sent using our service against a database of all known addresses in the United States. Our mailing and shipping services are also integrated with common small business and productivity software applications such as word processing, contact and address management, and accounting and financial applications. We also offer several different versions of NetStamps labels, such as Themed NetStamps labels and Photo NetStamps labels, which allow customers to add stock or custom designs to their postage label.
 
We target different customer categories with multiple service plans that provide various features and capabilities. We target smaller offices, home offices, and smaller online sellers that need a basic set of mailing and shipping features with the Stamps.com Pro, Endicia Standard, Endicia for Mac and Endicia Premium plans. We target larger businesses that need a richer set of mailing capabilities with our Stamps.com Premier plan which adds multiple-user functionality, automated Certified Mail forms, additional reference codes and higher allowable postage balances. We target higher volume shippers such as fulfillment houses, retailers and e-commerce merchants with the Stamps.com Professional Shipper, Endicia Professional and Endicia Platinum Shipper plans which add features such as direct integration into a customer’s order databases, faster label printing speed, the ability to customize and save shipping profiles, and integrations with over 300 of the industry’s leading shipping management products, shopping carts, online marketplaces and other eCommerce solutions.
 
We target large corporations with multiple geographic locations with the Stamps.com Enterprise plan which features enhanced reporting that allows a central location, such as a corporate headquarters, greater visibility and control over postage expenditures across their network of locations.  We target large volume mailers with Endicia Dazzle Express, Envelope Manager LE, and Move Update which have features for presort mail, Certified Mail, and bulk address updating.
 
Customers typically pay us a monthly service fee ranging from $9.95 to $34.99 depending on the service plan.  Under certain plans, customers pay a fee per transaction for shipping labels printed.  In certain circumstances, customers may be on a plan where they do not owe us any monthly service fees. We have an arrangement with the USPS under which if a customer or integration partner prints a certain amount of domestic or international Priority Mail or Priority Mail Express postage, the USPS compensates us directly and the customer can qualify to have their service fees waived or refunded.  In addition, we also have plans with service fees less than $9.95 which offer more limited functionality and are targeted at retaining customers who print a lower volume of postage.  We also offer the Endicia DYMO Stamps plan where customers are not charged a monthly fee but instead purchase labels for use as needed.  We also offer the Endicia Dazzle Express, Envelope Manager LE, and Move Update products for a one time upfront fee of $295 to $895.
 
· Multi-Carrier Shipping Services .  We offer multi-carrier shipping solutions through our ShipStation, ShipWorks and ShippingEasy brands as a result of our acquisitions.  The ShipStation,ShipWorks and ShippingEasy platforms offer leading solutions for medium and high volume shippers such as warehouses, fulfillment houses, e-commerce shippers, large retailers, and other types of high volume shippers that may need more than just the USPS for their business.
 
· Mailing and Shipping Integrations.   As part of our mailing and shipping services, we offer back-end integration solutions where we provide the electronic postage for transactions to partners who manage the front-end users. Our solutions integrate directly into the most popular e-commerce platforms, allowing web store managers to completely automate their order fulfillment process by processing, managing, and shipping orders from virtually any e-commerce source through a single interface without manual data entry. Managers can retrieve order data and print complete shipping labels for all types of USPS packages.
 
We have an integration partnership with Amazon.com that makes our domestic and international shipping labels available to Amazon.com Marketplace users. The service allows customers to automatically pay for postage using their Marketplace Payments account, to set a default ship-from address so they do not have to type or write it for each shipment, and to automatically populate the ship-to address on the label. Domestic and international mail classes are supported and Marketplace users may request carrier pickup from the USPS. A transaction fee per shipping label printed is charged to merchants who are not Stamps.com subscription customers.  In October 2012, Amazon.com launched their own internally developed Marketplace USPS shipping solution system utilizing the USPS’s ePostage branded solution that resulted in a reduction in postage printed through our solution.
Amazon's shipping solution is utilized by merchants for certain mail classes while our shipping solution is utilized by merchants for the other mail classes. In addition, we continue to provide the integrated Amazon.com Marketplace solution to Stamps.com subscription customers.
 
We have an integration partnership with the USPS where we provide electronic postage for shipping transactions generated by Click-N-Ship®, a web-based service available at USPS.com that allows USPS customers to purchase and print shipping labels for domestic and international Priority Mail and Priority Mail Express packages at no additional mark-up over the cost of postage.
 
Endicia had an integration partnership with Etsy.com where Endicia provided electronic postage for shipping transactions generated by their users.  Etsy informed us that they would be switching their postage solution from Endicia to the USPS’s ePostage branded solution in February 2016, and as a result Endicia experienced a loss of postage volume and revenue from this partnership as compared to the same periods of 2015.
 
In addition, ShipStation and ShipWorks have integrations with shopping carts and online marketplaces as part of their multi-carrier shipping solutions.
 
· Mailing & Shipping Supplies Stores.    Stamps.com and Endicia Mailing & Shipping Supplies Stores (our “Supplies Stores”) are available to our customers from within our mailing and shipping solutions and sell NetStamps labels, DYMO Stamp labels, shipping labels, other mailing labels, dedicated postage printers, scales, and other mailing and shipping-focused office supplies. Our Supplies Stores feature store catalogs, messaging regarding free or discounted shipping promotions, cross-selling product recommendations during the checkout process, product search capabilities, and same-day shipping of orders with expedited shipping options.
 
· Branded Insurance .  We offer Stamps.com branded insurance to our customers so that they may insure their mail or packages in a fully integrated, online process that eliminates any trips to the post office or the need to complete any special forms. Our branded insurance is provided in partnership with Parcel Insurance Plan and is underwritten by Fireman's Fund.  In addition, ShipStation, ShipWorks, ShippingEasy and Endicia also offer branded package insurance as part of their offerings.
 
· International.  We offer International postage solutions through our subsidiaries to certain international posts including the French Post and Canadian Post.
 
Customized Postage
 
We offer customized postage under the PhotoStamps ® and PictureItPostage ® brand names.  Customized postage is a patented form of postage that allows consumers to turn digital photos, designs or images into valid USPS-approved postage. With these products, individuals or businesses can create customized USPS approved postage using pictures of their children, pets, vacations, celebrations, business logos and more. Customized postage can be used as regular postage to send letters, postcards or packages. PhotoStamps and PictureItPostage are available from our separately marketed websites at www.photostamps.com and www.pictureitpostage.com , respectively. Customers upload a digital photograph or image file, customize the look and feel by choosing a border color to complement the photo, select the value of postage, and place the order online. Each sheet includes 10 or 20 individual PhotoStamps or PictureItPostage stamps, and orders arrive via U.S. Mail in a few business days.  Customized postage is also available in roll labels for high-volume orders.
 
Acquisitions
 
ShippingEasy
 
On June 16, 2016, we entered into a definitive agreement to acquire ShippingEasy Group, Inc. (“ShippingEasy”) for approximately $55 million in cash. ShippingEasy, an Austin, Texas based company offers web-based multi-carrier shipping software that allows online retailers and e-commerce merchants to organize, process, fulfill and ship their orders quickly and easily. ShippingEasy's solution features integrations with more than 40 leading marketplaces, shopping carts, and e-commerce platforms, allowing its customers to import and export fulfillment and tracking data in real time across all of their selling channels. ShippingEasy currently has integrations with eBay, PayPal, Amazon, Shopify, Bigcommerce, Magento, Volusion, Jane.com and many others. ShippingEasy's solution downloads orders from all selling channels and automatically maps custom shipping preferences, rates and delivery options across all of its supported carriers. ShippingEasy's easy-to-use solution also includes complimentary access to shipping specialists, helping merchants to streamline workflow and save on shipping costs.
 
On July 1, 2016, we completed our acquisition of ShippingEasy.  The net purchase price of approximately $55 million, which was subject to adjustments for changes in ShippingEasy’s net working capital as of the date of the closing of the Transaction, certain transaction expenses and closing cash adjustments, was funded from current cash and investment balances.  We plan for ShippingEasy to operate as a wholly owned subsidiary, led by its existing management team.
 
In connection with the acquisition we made performance based inducement equity awards to Katie May, who will serve as General Manager of ShippingEasy, and Barry Cox, who will serve as Chief Technology Officer of ShippingEasy. These inducement awards cover an aggregate of up to 43,567 common shares each to Ms. May and Mr. Cox if earnings targets for ShippingEasy are achieved over a two and one-half year period beginning July 1, 2016. The awards are subject to proration if at least 75% of the applicable target is achieved and are subject to forfeiture or acceleration based on changes in employment circumstances over the performance period. The awards are a material inducement to Ms. May and Mr. Cox entering into employment agreements with Stamps.com in connection with the acquisition.
 
We also made inducement stock option grants for an aggregate of 62,000 shares of Stamps.com common stock to 48 new employees in connection with our acquisition of ShippingEasy. Each option vests 25% on the one year anniversary of the grant date with the remaining 75% vesting in approximately equal monthly increments over the immediately succeeding thirty-six months provided that the option holder is still employed by the Company on the vesting dates. The stock options have a ten year term and an exercise price equal to the closing price of Stamps.com common stock on the grant date of July 1, 2016. The stock options were granted as inducements material to the new employees entering into employment with Stamps.com.
 
ShippingEasy is not included in our financial statements as of and for the periods ended June 30, 2016.
 
Endicia
 
On March 22, 2015 we entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Stock Purchase Agreement”) with PSI Systems, Inc., a California corporation d/b/a Endicia (“Endicia”), and Newell Rubbermaid Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Newell”).  Endicia, based in Palo Alto, California, is a leading provider of high volume shipping technologies and solutions for shipping with the USPS.  The Stock Purchase Agreement provided for our purchase of all of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock of Endicia from a wholly owned indirect subsidiary of Newell  for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $215 million in cash (the “Transaction”).  The purchase price was subject to adjustment for changes in Endicia’s net working capital as of the date of the closing of the Transaction and certain transaction expenses and closing cash adjustments. After receiving regulatory clearance, we close the Transaction  on November 18, 2015.
 
As part of the funding for our acquisition of Endicia, we entered into a credit agreement with a group of banks on November 18, 2015, which provides for a term loan of $82.5 million and a revolving credit facility with a maximum borrowing of $82.5 million (collectively, the “Credit Agreement”). The Credit Agreement is secured by substantially all our assets. We funded our acquisition with cash of $56.5 million and debt from our Credit Agreement of $164.5 million, totaling $221.0 million. The $221.0 million consists of the following: 1) purchase price of $214.2 million, 2) $1.5 million of debt issuance costs and 3) the transfer of Endicia’s ending cash balance on November 17, 2015 of $5.3 million. Total debt issuance costs of $1.8 million, which includes $300 thousand of costs incurred prior to closing, were recorded as debt discount and are being accreted as interest expense over the life of the Credit Agreement. Our Credit Agreement matures on November 18, 2020. During the first quarter of 2016, we adjusted the purchase price of Endicia and related goodwill by approximately $945,000.
 
Please see Note 2 – “Acquisitions” in our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further description.
 
Results of Operations
 
The results of our operations during the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 include operations of Endicia, ShipStation and ShipWorks. The results of our operations during the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 do not include the operations of Endicia.  Please see Note 2 – “Acquisitions” in our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further description. Accordingly, care should be used in comparing periods that include the operations of Endicia with those that do not include such operations.

Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 and 2015
 
Total revenue increased 74% to $84 million in the three months ended June 30, 2016 from $48.4 million in the three months ended June 30, 2015. Total revenue increased 79% to $165.9 million in the six months ended June 30, 2016 from $92.4 million in the six months ended June 30, 2015. Mailing and shipping revenue, which includes service revenue, product revenue and insurance revenue, was $81.5 million in the three months ended June 30, 2016, an increase of 72% from $47.3 million in the three months ended June 30, 2015 and was $160.7 million in the six months ended June 30, 2016, an increase of 78% from $90.3 million in the six months ended June 30, 2015. Customized postage revenue increased 130% to $2.5 million in the three months ended June 30, 2016 from $1.1 million in the three months ended June 30, 2015 and was $5.1 million in the six months ended June 30, 2016, an increase of 148% from $2.1 million in the six months ended June 30, 2015.
 
The following table sets forth the breakdown of revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 and the resulting percentage change (revenue in thousands):
 
   
Three months ended June 30,
   
Six months ended June 30,
 
   
2016
   
2015
   
% Change
   
2016
   
2015
   
% Change
 
Revenues
                                   
Service
 
$
72,590
   
$
40,378
     
80
%
 
$
141,696
   
$
76,027
     
86
%
Product
   
4,851
     
4,270
     
14
%
   
10,406
     
9,013
     
15
%
Insurance
   
4,082
     
2,631
     
55
%
   
8,593
     
5,293
     
62
%
Mailing and shipping revenue
 
$
81,523
   
$
47,279
     
72
%
 
$
160,695
   
$
90,333
     
78
%
Customized postage
 
$
2,467
   
$
1,072
     
130
%
 
$
5,104
   
$
2,061
     
148
%
Other
   
23
     
9
     
156
%
   
51
     
18
     
183
%
Total revenues
 
$
84,013
   
$
48,360
     
74
%
 
$
165,850
   
$
92,412
     
79
%

We define “paid customers” for the quarter as ones from whom we successfully collected service fees or otherwise earned revenue at least once during that quarter, and we define average paid customers for the year as the average of the paid customers for each of the four quarters during the year.
 
The following table sets forth the growth in paid customers and average quarterly revenue per paid customer for our mailing and shipping business (in thousands except average quarterly revenue per paid customer and percentage):
 
   
Three months ended June 30,
 
   
2016
   
2015
   
% Change
 
Paid customers for the quarter
   
646
     
565
     
14
%
Average quarterly revenue per paid customer
 
$
42.06
   
$
27.88
     
51
%
Mailing and shipping revenue
 
$
81,523
   
$
47,279
     
72
%

The increase in paid customers is primarily the result of (1) a higher number of Stamps.com paid customers compared to the prior year period as a result of our increased spending in our mailing and shipping sales and marketing channels, and (2) the addition of paid customers from Endicia as a result of our acquisition in the fourth quarter of 2015.
 
The increase in our average revenue per paid customer (“ARPU”) was primarily the result of (1) the addition of paid customers from our acquisition of Endicia where the ARPU for those paid customers is higher as compared to the ARPU from the existing Stamps.com customers and (2) the growth in our high volume shipping business where we have the ability to better monetize postage volume as compared to monthly flat rate subscription fees.
 
Revenue by Product

The following table shows our components of revenue and their respective percentages of total revenue for the periods indicated (in thousands except percentage):
 
   
Three Months Ended
June 30,
   
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
   
2016
   
2015
   
2016
   
2015
 
Revenues
                       
Service
 
$
72,590
   
$
40,378
   
$
141,696
   
$
76,027
 
Product
   
4,851
     
4,270
     
10,406
     
9,013
 
Insurance
   
4,082
     
2,631
     
8,593
     
5,293
 
Customized postage
   
2,467
     
1,072
     
5,104
     
2,061
 
Other
   
23
     
9
     
51
     
18
 
Total revenues
 
$
84,013
   
$
48,360
   
$
165,850
   
$
92,412
 
Revenue as a  percentage of total revenues
                               
Service
   
86.4
%
   
83.5
%
   
85.4
%
   
82.3
%
Product
   
5.8
%
   
8.8
%
   
6.3
%
   
9.8
%
Insurance
   
4.9
%
   
5.4
%
   
5.2
%
   
5.7
%
Customized postage
   
2.9
%
   
2.2
%
   
3.1
%
   
2.2
%
Other
   
0
%
   
0
%
   
0
%
   
0
%
Total revenue
   
100
%
   
100
%
   
100
%
   
100
%

Our revenue is derived primarily from five sources: (1) service and transaction related revenues from our USPS mailing and shipping services, our multi-carrier shipping services and our mailing and shipping integrations; (2) product revenue from the direct sale of consumables and supplies through our Supplies Stores; (3) package insurance revenue from our branded insurance offerings; (4) customized postage revenue from the sale of PhotoStamps and PictureItPostage postage labels; and (5) other revenue, consisting of advertising revenue derived from advertising programs with our existing customers.
 
For service revenue, we earn revenue in several different ways: (1) customers may pay us a monthly fee based on a subscription plan; (2) customers may qualify under our USPS partnership to have their service fees waived or refunded and then we are compensated directly by the USPS; (3) customers may pay us a fee per shipping label printed; (4) we may earn compensation by offering customers a discounted postage rate that is provided to the customers by our partners; and (5) we may earn other types of revenue shares or other compensation from specific customers or partners.
 
Service revenue increased 80% to $72.6 million in the three months ended June 30, 2016 from $40.4 million in the three months ended June 30, 2015 and increased 86% to $141.7 million in the six months ended June 30, 2016 from $76.0 million in the six months ended June 30, 2015. The 80% increase in service revenue consisted of a 14% increase in our quarterly average paid customers and 57% increase in our average service revenue per paid customer.
 
The increase in paid customers is primarily the result of (1) a higher number of Stamps.com paid customers compared to the prior year period as a result of our increased spending in our Mailing and shipping sales and marketing channels, and (2) the addition of paid customers from Endicia as a result of our acquisition in the fourth quarter of 2015.
 
The increase in our average service revenue per paid customer was primarily the result of (1) our acquisition of Endicia, where the average service revenue per paid customer are higher as compared to the average service revenue per paid customer for existing Stamps.com customers and (2) the growth in our high volume shipping business where our average service revenue per paid customer reflects our ability to better monetize postage volume for shippers as compared to monthly flat rate subscription fees for traditional small business customers.
 
Product revenue increased 14% to $4.9 million in the three months ended June 30, 2016 from $4.3 million in three months ended June 30, 2015 and increased 15% to $10.4 million in the six months ended June 30, 2016 from $9.0 million in the six months ended June 30, 2015. The increase is primarily attributable to an increase in (1) the addition of product revenue from our Endicia acquisition, and (2) sales of mailing and shipping labels and supplies as we continue to grow our customer base. Postage printed typically helps drive sales of consumable supplies such as labels. Total postage printed by customers using our mailing and shipping solutions in the second quarter of 2016 was $1.2 billion, a 114% increase from the $548 million printed during the second quarter of 2015. Postage printed by customers was $2.4 billion and $1.1 billion during the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, an increase of 118%.
 
Insurance revenue increased 55% to $4.1 million in the three months ended June 30, 2016 from $2.6 million in the three months ended June 30, 2015 and increased 62% to $8.6 million in the six months ended June 30, 2016 from $5.3 million in the six months ended June 30, 2015. The increase in insurance revenue was primarily attributable to our acquisitions whose solutions target shipping customers who are more likely than mailing customers to purchase insurance.
 
Customized postage revenue increased 130% to $2.5 million in the three months ended June 30, 2016 from $1.1 million in the three months ended June 30, 2015 and increased 148% to $5.1 million in the six months ended June 30, 2016 from $2.1 million in the six months ended June 30, 2015.  The increase was primarily attributable to (1) an increase in PhotoStamps high volume business orders and (2) the addition of PictureItPostage as a result of our Endicia acquisition. The increase in customized postage revenue was partially offset by a decrease in PhotoStamps revenue from orders placed through the PhotoStamps website. The decrease in revenue from website orders is primarily attributable to a reduction in our PhotoStamps sales and marketing spending.
 
Cost of Revenue
 
The following table shows cost of revenues and cost of revenues as a percentage of associated revenues for the periods indicated (in thousands except percentage):
 
   
Three Months Ended
June 30,
   
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
   
2016
   
2015
   
2016
   
2015
 
Cost of revenues
                       
Service
 
$
8,857
   
$
6,695
   
$
18,151
   
$
12,966
 
Product
   
1,642
     
1,435
     
3,440
     
3,036
 
Insurance
   
1,266
     
927
     
2,629
     
1,850
 
Customized postage
   
1,955
     
881
     
4,122
     
1,711
 
Total cost of revenues
 
$
13,720
   
$
9,938
   
$
28,342
   
$
19,563
 
Cost as percentage of associated revenues
                               
Service
   
12.2
%
   
16.6
%
   
12.8
%
   
17.1
%
Product
   
33.8
%
   
33.6
%
   
33.1
%
   
33.7
%
Insurance
   
31.0
%
   
35.2
%
   
30.6
%
   
35.0
%
Customized postage
   
79.2
%
   
82.2
%
   
80.8
%
   
83.0
%
Total cost as a percentage of total revenues
   
16.3
%
   
20.6
%
   
17.1
%
   
21.2
%

Cost of service revenue principally consists of the cost of customer service, certain promotional expenses, system operating costs, credit card processing fees and customer misprints that do not qualify for reimbursement from the USPS.  Cost of product revenue principally consists of the cost of products sold through our Supplies Stores and the related costs of shipping and handling.  The cost of insurance revenue principally consists of parcel insurance offering costs through our third party insurance partners.  Cost of customized postage revenue principally consists of the face value of postage, customer service, image review costs, and printing and fulfillment costs.
 
Cost of service revenue increased 32% to $8.9 million in the three months ended June 30, 2016 from $6.7 million in the three months ended June 30, 2015 and increased 40% to $18.2 million in the six months ended June 30, 2016 from $13.0 million in the six months ended June 30, 2015.  The increase was primarily attributable to higher customer service costs to support our growing customer base and higher credit card processing fees associated with our higher revenue offset by the decrease in our promotional expense.  Promotional expenses, which represents a material portion of total cost of service revenue, is expensed in the period in which a customer qualifies for the promotion while the revenue associated with the acquired customer is earned over the customer's lifetime. As a result, promotional expense for newly acquired customers may exceed the revenue earned from those customers in that period. Promotional expense decreased 50% to $455,000 in the three months ended June 30, 2016 from $906,000 in the three months ended June 30, 2015 and decreased 36% to $1.3 million in the six months ended June 30, 2016 from $2.0 million in the six months ended June 30, 2015.
 
Cost of product revenue increased 14% to $1.6 million in the three months ended June 30, 2016 from $1.4 million in the three months ended June 30, 2015 and increased 13% to $3.4 million in the six months ended June 30, 2016 from $3.0 million in the six months ended June 30, 2015. The increase in cost of product revenue was primarily attributable to the increase in product revenue over the same time period. The increase in cost of product revenue was in-line with the increase in product revenue over the same time period.
 
Cost of insurance revenue increased 37% to $1.3 million in the three months ended June 30, 2016 from $927 thousand in the three months ended June 30, 2015 and increased 42% to $2.6 million in the six months ended June 30, 2016 from $1.9 million in the six months ended June 30, 2015.  The increase in cost of insurance revenue resulted from growth in the number of insurance transactions, which was primarily attributable to our acquisitions.
 
Cost of customized postage revenue increased 122% to $2.0 million in the three months ended June 30, 2016 from $881,000 in the three months ended June 30, 2015 and increased 141% to $4.1 million in the six months ended June 30, 2016 from $1.7 million in the six months ended June 30, 2015. The increase in cost of customized postage revenue is primarily due to the increase in our customized postage revenue.
 
Operating Expenses
 
The following table outlines the components of our operating expense and their respective percentages of total revenues for the periods indicated (in thousands except percentage):
 
   
Three Months Ended
June 30,
   
Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
   
2016
   
2015
   
2016
   
2015
 
Operating expenses:
                       
Sales and marketing
 
$
20,082
   
$
12,536
   
$
41,479
   
$
26,557
 
Research and development
   
8,131
     
4,680
     
16,468
     
8,962
 
General and administrative
   
17,113
     
12,763
     
32,375
     
20,534
 
Contingent consideration charges
   
     
13,595
     
     
24,107
 
Legal settlements and reserves
   
     
10,000
     
     
10,000
 
Total operating expenses
 
$
45,326
   
$
53,574
   
$
90,322
   
$
90,160
 
Operating expenses as a percent of total revenue:
                               
Sales and marketing
   
23.9
%
   
25.9
%
   
25.0
%
   
28.7
%
Research and development
   
9.7
%
   
9.7
%
   
9.9
%
   
9.7
%
General and administrative
   
20.4
%
   
26.4
%
   
19.5
%
   
22.2
%
Contingent consideration charges
   
0
%
   
28.1
%
   
0
%
   
26.1
%
Legal settlements and reserves
   
0
%
   
20.7
%
   
0
%
   
10.8
%
Total operating expenses as a percentage of total revenues
   
54.0
%
   
110.8
%
   
54.5
%
   
97.6
%

Sales and Marketing
 
Sales and marketing expense principally consists of spending to acquire new customers and compensation and related expenses for personnel engaged in sales, marketing, and business development activities.  Sales and marketing expense increased 60% to $20.1 million in the three months ended June 30, 2016 from $12.5 million in the three months ended June 30, 2015 and increased 56% to $41.5 million in the six months ended June 30, 2016 from $26.6 million in the six months ended June 30, 2015. The increase is primarily due to (1) the addition of sales and marketing expense from our Endicia acquisition, (2) an increase in stock-based compensation expense and (3) an increase in sales and marketing spending and activity in our mailing and shipping business as we continued to focus on acquiring customers.  Our sales and marketing programs include direct sales, customer referral programs, customer re-marketing efforts, direct mail, online advertising, partnerships, telemarketing, and traditional advertising.
 
Research and Development
 
Research and development expense principally consists of compensation for personnel involved in the development of our services, depreciation of equipment and software and expenditures for consulting services and third party software. Research and development expense increased 74% to $8.1 million in the three months ended June 30, 2016 from $4.7 million in the three months ended June 30, 2015 and increased 84% to $16.5 million in the six months ended June 30, 2016 from $9.0 million in the six months ended June 30, 2015. The increase is primarily due to (1) the addition of research and development expense from our Endicia acquisition and (2) an increase in headcount-related expenses including stock-based compensation expense to support our expanded product offerings and technology infrastructure investments.
 
General and Administrative
 
General and administrative expense principally consists of compensation and related costs for executive and administrative personnel, fees for legal and other professional services, depreciation of equipment, software and building used for general corporate purposes and amortization of intangible assets. General and administrative expense increased 34% to $17.1 million in the three months ended June 30, 2016 from $12.8 million in the three months ended June 30, 2015 and increased 58% to $32.4 million in the six months ended June 30, 2016 from $20.5 million in the six months ended June 30, 2015. The increase during the three months and six months ended June 30, 2016 is primarily attributable to (1) the addition of general and administrative expense from our Endicia acquisition, (2) the transaction related expenses for our ShippingEasy acquisition, (3) an increase in headcount and headcount related expenses including stock-based compensation expense and infrastructure investments to support the growth in our business, and (4) an increase in the amortization of acquired intangibles related to our acquisitions.
 
Contingent consideration charges
 
Contingent consideration charges are attributable to the change in the fair value of our contingent consideration liability related to the acquisition of ShipStation. We did not incur any contingent consideration charges in 2016. Contingent consideration charge was $13.6 million in the three months ended June 30, 2015. The decrease was due to ShipStation fully achieving all of their financial measures for the second earn-out in accordance with the purchase agreement and the distribution of the final earn-out in first quarter 2016.  See Note 2 – “Acquisition” in our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further description of our contingent consideration liability related to the acquisition of ShipStation.
 
Interest and Other Income, Net
 
Interest and other income primarily consists of interest income from cash equivalents, short-term and long-term investments and rental income from our corporate headquarters in El Segundo, California.  Interest and other income, net increased 321% to $31,000 in the three months ended June 30, 2016 from a loss of $14,000 in the three months ended June 30, 2015 and increased 35% to $74,000 in the six months ended June 30, 2016 from $55,000 in the six months ended June 30, 2015.  The increase is primarily due to depreciation expense recognized in 2015 as a result of early termination of our tenant which resulted in a loss.
 
Interest Expense
 
Interest expense consists of interest expense from the debt under our credit facility and the associated accretion of debt issuance costs.  Interest expense was $905,000 in the three months ended June 30, 2016 compared to $0 in the three months ended June 30, 2015.  Interest expense was $1.8 million in the six months ended June 30, 2016 compared to $0 in the six months ended June 30, 2015.  The interest expense resulted from the debt incurred in connection with acquisition of Endicia in the fourth quarter of 2015.
 
Provision for Income Taxes
 
Our income tax expense was $9.8 million and $17.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, respectively.  Our tax expense was primarily attributable to our pre-tax income including our current tax expense consisting of federal alternative minimum tax and various state taxes and our deferred income tax expense consisting of temporary tax items including stock compensation and differences in the book and tax lives of amortizable intangibles. Our income tax benefit was $4.7 million and $5.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, respectively.  Our tax benefit was primarily attributable to our pre-tax losses and deferred income taxes.  Our effective tax rate differs from statutory federal rate as a result of several factors including non-temporary differences and state and local income taxes. We evaluated the appropriateness of our deferred tax assets and related valuation allowance in accordance with ASC 740 based on all available positive and negative evidence.  As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, we do not have any valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets.
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, we had $122.7 million and $75.2 million, respectively, in cash, cash equivalents and short-term and long-term investments. We invest available funds in short-term and long-term securities, including money market funds, corporate bonds, asset-backed securities, and US government and agency bonds, and do not engage in hedging or speculative activities.
 
Net cash provided by operating activities was approximately $81.8 million and $26.4 million during the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The increase in net cash provided by operating activities was primarily attributable to growth in our revenue and net income and net changes in our operating assets and liabilities.
 
Net cash provided by investing activities was approximately $2.4 million and $2.7 million during the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.  The decrease in net cash provided by investing activities was primarily due to the decrease in the maturity of securities in our investments portfolio, as well as cash used in the Endicia acquisition purchase price adjustment.
 
Net cash used in financing activities was approximately $33.1 million during the six months ended June 30, 2016. Net cash provided by financing activities was approximately $7.7 million during the six months ended June 30, 2015 The increase in net cash used in financing activities was primarily due to the treasury re-purchase of our common stock and payment on our term loan and revolving credit facility, including an optional prepayment of $10 million made during the second quarter of 2016.
 
On November 18, 2015, we entered into a Credit Agreement with a group of banks, which provides for a term loan of $82.5 million and a revolving credit facility with a maximum borrowing of $82.5 million. Our Credit Agreement matures on November 18, 2020. In connection with entering into the Credit Agreement, we incurred approximately $1.8 million in debt issuance costs which were recorded as debt discount and are being accreted as interest expense over the life of the Credit Agreement. Amortization expense associated with the debt issuance costs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 was approximately $93,000 and $186,000, respectively.
 
Borrowings under the term loan are payable in quarterly installments which began on December 31, 2015. We pay interest on our Credit Agreement equal to the London Interbank Offered Rate plus an applicable margin, between 1.25% to 2.00%, based upon certain financial measures. As of June 30, 2016, our applicable margin was 1.25% and the interest rate on our outstanding loan was approximately 1.88%.  We are subject to certain customary quarterly financial covenants under our Credit Agreement such as a maximum total leverage ratio and a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio. Further, the Credit Agreement includes negative covenants, subject to exceptions, restricting or limiting our ability and the ability of our subsidiaries to, among other things, incur additional indebtedness, grant liens, repurchase stock, pay dividends and engage in certain investment, acquisition and disposition transactions. As of June 30, 2016, we were in compliance with the covenants of the Credit Agreement.
 
The contractual maturities of our debt obligations due subsequent to June 30, 2016 are as follows (in thousands):
 
Year ending June 30,
 
Amount
 
2017
 
$
5,672
 
2018
   
7,734
 
2019
   
9,797
 
2020
   
11,859
 
2021
   
116,334
 
Total debt
   
151,396
 
         
Less: deferred financing costs
   
1,651
 
Total debt, net of deferred financing costs
 
$
149,745
 
 
The estimated interest payments related to our debt due subsequent to June 30, 2016 are as follows (in thousands):
 
Year ending June 30,
 
Amount
 
2017
 
$
2,851
 
2018
   
2,731
 
2019
   
2,573
 
2020
   
2,382
 
2021
   
1,033
 
Total
 
$
11,570
 

The above estimated interest payments assume an interest rate of 1.88%, which is our interest rate as of June 30, 2016, and assume the entire amount of our revolving credit facility is paid on the maturity date of November 18, 2020.
 
We believe our available cash and marketable securities, together with the cash flow from operations, will be sufficient to fund our business for at least the next twelve months.
 
There have been no material changes to our contractual obligations and commercial commitments included in Item 7 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.
 
Trend Analysis
 
As of the date of the filing of this  Report, we expect the following trends for 2016:
 
We expect our mailing and shipping revenue to increase in 2016 compared to 2015.  Our ability to grow our mailing and shipping revenue is partly dependent on our ability to increase our sales and marketing spend to acquire and retain customers. To the extent we are not able to achieve our target increase in spending and acquire and retain customers, this could negatively impact our 2016 mailing and shipping revenue growth expectations. We expect customized postage revenue to increase in 2016 compared to 2015. High volume business orders can fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter and therefore historical trends may not be indicative of future results for customized postage revenue.
 
We expect our sales and marketing spend to increase in 2016 compared to 2015. We will continue to monitor our customer metrics and the state of the economy and adjust our level of spending accordingly. Sales and marketing spend is expensed in the period incurred while the revenue and profits associated with the acquired customers are earned over the customers’ lifetimes. As a result, increased sales and marketing spend in future periods could result in a reduction in operating profit and cash flow compared to past periods.
 
We expect our research and development expenses to be higher in 2016 as compared to 2015 taking into account the trends experienced year-to-date and the additional expenses expected to result from the ShippingEasy acquisition.
 
We expect our general and administrative expenses to be higher in 2016 as compared to 2015 taking into account the trends experienced year-to-date and the additional expenses expected to result from the ShippingEasy acquisition.
 
We expect our stock-based compensation expense to be higher in 2016 compared to 2015 taking into account the trends experienced year-to-date and the additional expenses expected to result from the ShippingEasy acquisition and the associated inducement grants.
 
We do not expect to incur contingent consideration charges in 2016 as the ShipStation earn-out period was completed as of December 31, 2015.
 
Tax expense (benefit) in 2015 may not be indicative of 2016 tax expense (benefit) due to factors that impact taxable income compared to book income which can change from quarter-to-quarter.  As of June 30, 2016, the Company had a $41 million deferred tax asset resulting from past net operating losses and other tax credits. The Company expects to be able to continue to utilize its deferred tax assets to reduce cash taxes for the remainder of 2016.
 
As discussed above, our expectations are subject to substantial uncertainty and our results are subject to macro-economic factors and other factors which could cause these trends to be worse than our current expectation or which could cause actual results to be materially different than our current expectations. These expectations are “forward looking statements,” are made only as of the date of this Report and are subject to the qualification and limitations described in the forward-looking statements discussion at the beginning of this Item 2 and the risks and other factors set forth in Item 1A “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 filed with SEC on February 29, 2016.  Our business has grown through acquisition during 2014, 2015 and 2016; however the expectations above do not assume any future acquisitions or dispositions, or any related financings, any of which could have a significant impact on our current expectations.  As described in our forward-looking statements discussion, we do not undertake any obligation to release publicly any revisions to our forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Report.
 
Critical Accounting Policies and Judgments
 
Management’s discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our unaudited financial statements. The preparation of these financial statements is based on the selection of accounting policies and the application of significant accounting estimates, some of which require management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and notes. Except as noted below, for more information regarding our critical accounting estimates and policies, see Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Critical Accounting Policies and Judgments” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, filed with the SEC on February 29, 2016.
 
Section 382 Update

We currently have federal and state net operating loss (“NOL”) carry-forwards. Under Internal Revenue Code Section 382 rules, if a “change of ownership” is triggered, our NOL asset may be impaired. A change in ownership can occur whenever there is a shift in ownership by more than 50 percentage points by one or more “5% shareholders” within a three-year period.
 
Under our certificate of incorporation, any person, company or investment firm that wishes to become a “5% shareholder” (as defined in our certificate of incorporation) must first obtain a waiver from our board of directors. In addition, any person, company or investment firm that is already a “5% shareholder” of ours cannot make any additional purchases of our stock without a waiver from our board of directors.  The NOL protective provisions contained in our certificate of incorporation (the “NOL Protective Measures”) are more specifically described in our Definitive Proxy filed with the SEC on April 2, 2008.
 
On July 22, 2010, our board of directors suspended the NOL Protective Measures by approving a waiver from the NOL Protective Measures to all persons and entities, including companies and investment firms.  As a result, our stockholders are now allowed to become “5% shareholders” and existing “5% shareholders” are allowed to make additional purchases of our stock each without having to comply with the restrictions contained in the NOL Protective Measures. This waiver may be revoked by our board of directors at any time if the board deems the revocation necessary to protect against a Section 382 “change of ownership” that would limit our ability to utilize future NOLs.  For complete details about this waiver from the NOL Protective Measures, please see our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 28, 2010.
 
As of July 31, 2016, we had 17,268,281 shares outstanding, and therefore ownership of approximately 863,000 shares or more would currently constitute a “5% shareholder.”  We strongly urge that any shareholder contemplating becoming a 5% or more shareholder contact us before doing so.
 
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
 
Our exposure to market rate risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our outstanding borrowings under our Credit Agreement, as well as our investment portfolio. Interest rate fluctuations impact the interest expense incurred on borrowings under the Credit Agreement, as the interest rate is based on the London Interbank Offered Rate.  A 10% increase or decrease in the London Interbank Offered Rate will not significantly affect interest expense. We have not used derivative financial instruments in our investment portfolio.  None of the instruments in our investment portfolio are held for trading purposes. Our cash equivalents and investments consist of money market, U.S. government obligations, asset-backed securities and public corporate debt securities with weighted average maturities of 154 days at June 30, 2016. Our cash equivalents and investments approximated $122.7 million at June 30, 2016 and had a weighted average interest rate of 0.2%. Interest rate fluctuations impact the carrying value of the portfolio. The fair value of our portfolio of marketable securities would not be significantly affected by either a 10% increase or decrease in the rates of interest due primarily to the short-term nature of the portfolio.  We do not believe that the future market risks related to the above securities will have a material adverse impact on our financial position, results of operations or liquidity.
 
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act).
 
As of the end of the period covered by this Report, our management evaluated, with the participation of our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Report. Based on that evaluation, our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer have concluded, as of that time, that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
                                      
Changes in internal controls
                             
During the quarter ended June 30, 2016, there has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
                                                    
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
 
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
 
See Note 3 – “Commitments and Contingencies – Legal Proceedings” of our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, which is incorporated herein by reference.
 
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
 
We are not aware of any material changes to the risk factors included in Item 1A “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, filed with the SEC on February 29, 2016.
 
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
 
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
 
Period
Total Number of
Shares Purchased
Average Price Paid
per Share
Total Number of
Shares Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plans or
Programs
Approximate Dollar
Value of Shares That
May Yet be
Purchased Under the
Plans or Programs
(in 000’s)
April 1, 2016 – April 30, 2016
34,632
$94.41
64,639
$23,303
May 1, 2016 – May 31, 2016
138,747
$83.26
203,386
$11,751
June 1, 2016 – June 30, 2016
131,135
$89.61
334,521

We completed our existing stock repurchase plan in June 2016.  On July 27, 2016, our Board of Directors approved a new stock repurchase plan authorizing us to repurchase up to $40 million of our common stock during the next six months.  We will consider repurchasing stock in the future by evaluating such factors as the price of the stock, the daily trading volume and the availability of large blocks of stock and any additional constraints related to material inside information we may possess. Our repurchase of any of our shares will be subject to limitations that may be imposed on such repurchases by applicable securities laws and regulations and the rules of The NASDAQ Stock Market. Repurchases may be made in the open market, or in privately negotiated transactions from time to time at our discretion. We have no commitment to make any repurchases.
 
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
 
None.
 
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
 
Not applicable.
 
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
 
None.
 
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
 
10.1 Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of June 16, 2016, by and among ShippingEasy Group, Inc., Stamps.com Inc., SEG Merger Sub, Inc. and Tim Jugmans. Pursuant to Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K, the registrant hereby agrees to supplementally furnish to the SEC upon request any omitted schedule or exhibit to the Agreement and Plan of Merger. †
 
10.2 Management Incentive Plan, dated as of July 1, 2016, by and among ShippingEasy, Inc., Stamps.com Inc. and the Participant Representative (as defined therein), and acknowledged and agreed to by Katie May and Barry Cox. †
 
31.1 Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
31.2 Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
32.1 Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. *
 
32.2 Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. *
 
101.INS
XBRL Instance Document
 
101.SCH
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
 
101.CAL
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
 
101.DEF
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
 
101.LAB
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
 
101.PRE
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
 
Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to certain portions of this exhibit, which portions have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
 
*
Furnished, not filed.
 
SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
STAMPS.COM INC.
(Registrant)
 
       
August 9, 2016
By:
/s/ KEN MCBRIDE
 
   
Ken McBride
 
   
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
 
       
       
August 9, 2016
By:
/s/ KYLE HUEBNER
 
   
Kyle Huebner
 
   
Co-President and Chief Financial Officer
 
       
 
 


Exhibit 10.1
 
Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER

by and among

SHIPPINGEASY GROUP, INC.

STAMPS.COM INC.,

SEG MERGER SUB, INC.

and

Tim Jugmans,
in its capacity as Representative

Dated as of June 16, 2016
 
CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT REQUESTED BY STAMPS.COM INC.
                                         
***Schedules and exhibits have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K. A copy of any omitted schedule or exhibit will be furnished supplementally to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request; provided, however that Stamps.com Inc. may request confidential treatment pursuant to Rule 24b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, for any schedule or exhibit so furnished.
 

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
     
Page
       
ARTICLE I  DEFINED TERMS
2
 
1.1.
Definitions
2
       
ARTICLE II  THE MERGER
19
 
2.1.
Merger
19
 
2.2.
Effective Time; The Closing
19
 
2.3.
Effects of the Merger
20
 
2.4.
Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws
20
 
2.5.
Directors and Officers
20
 
2.6.
Conversion of Shares
20
 
2.7.
Treatment of Options and Warrants
21
 
2.8.
Dissenters’ Rights
22
 
2.9.
Closing of Transfer Books
22
 
2.10.
Payments
23
 
2.11.
Closing Adjustment Amount
26
 
2.12.
Final Adjustment Amount
27
 
2.13.
Escrow
29
 
2.14.
Representative Holdback
30
 
2.15.
Withholding
30
       
ARTICLE III  REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
30
 
3.1.
Organizational Matters
30
 
3.2.
Capital Structure
31
 
3.3.
Authority and Due Execution
32
 
3.4.
Non-Contravention and Consents
33
 
3.5.
Financial Statements
34
 
3.6.
Litigation
34
 
3.7.
Taxes
35
 
3.8.
Title to, Sufficiency and Condition of Property and Assets
37
 
3.9.
Intellectual Property
38
 
3.10.
Major Customers and Suppliers
40
 
3.11.
Compliance; Permits
41
 
3.12.
Brokers’ and Finders’ Fees
41
 
3.13.
Employment Matters
41
 
3.14.
Employee Benefit Plans
42
 
3.15.
Environmental Matters
44
 
3.16.
Material Contracts
45
 
3.17.
Insurance
46
 
3.18.
Transactions with Related Parties
46
 
3.19.
Privacy and Security
47
 
3.20.
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
47
 
3.21.
Absence of Changes
48
 
i

TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
Page
 
Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
 
 
3.22.
Banking Matters
48
 
3.23.
[***]
48
       
ARTICLE IV  REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT AND MERGER SUB
49
 
4.1.
Organizational Matters
49
 
4.2.
Authority and Due Execution
49
 
4.3.
Non-Contravention and Consents
49
 
4.4.
Litigation
50
 
4.5.
Financing
50
 
4.6.
Brokers or Finders
50
 
4.7.
No Prior Merger Sub Operations
51
       
ARTICLE V  COVENANTS OF THE PARTIES
51
 
5.1.
Operation of Business
51
 
5.2.
Confidentiality
53
 
5.3.
Company Benefit Plans
54
 
5.4.
Indemnification Rights
54
 
5.5.
Prohibition of Trading in Parent Common Stock
54
 
5.6.
Exclusivity
55
 
5.7.
Termination of Agreements
55
 
5.8.
Access and Information
55
 
5.9.
Transfer of Stockholders’ Shares
57
 
5.10.
Subsequent Matters
57
 
5.11.
Reasonable Efforts
57
 
5.12.
Disclosure of Certain Matters
58
 
5.13.
Public Disclosure
59
 
5.14.
Company Transaction Costs
59
 
5.15.
Pay Off Letters
59
 
5.16.
Closing Capitalization Schedule
60
 
5.17.
Section 280G Matters
60
 
5.18.
Stockholder Approval
60
 
5.19.
WARN Act
61
 
5.20.
Taxes
61
 
5.21.
Management Incentive Bonuses
63
 
5.22.
Investigation and Agreement by Parent and Merger Sub; No Other Representations or Warranties
63
 
5.23.
Option Grants
64
       
ARTICLE VI  CONDITIONS TO CLOSING
64
 
6.1.
Mutual Conditions to Closing
64
 
6.2.
Additional Conditions to Parent’s Obligations
65
 
ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
Page
 
Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
 
 
6.3.
Additional Conditions to the Company’s Obligations
67
       
ARTICLE VII  TERMINATION
68
 
7.1.
Termination
68
 
7.2.
Effect of Termination
69
 
7.3.
Return of Information
69
       
ARTICLE VIII  INDEMNIFICATION
69
 
8.1.
Survival of Representations, Warranties, Covenants and Agreements
69
 
8.2.
Indemnification of the Parent Indemnified Persons by Securityholders
70
 
8.3.
Indemnification of the Securityholder Indemnified Persons
71
 
8.4.
Limitations
72
 
8.5.
Indemnification Procedure
74
 
8.6.
Effect of Investigation
76
 
8.7.
No Recovery
76
 
8.8.
Insurance and Other Third Party Recoveries
76
 
8.9.
Tax Benefit
76
 
8.10.
Nature of Indemnification Payments
77
 
8.11.
Exclusive Remedy
77
       
ARTICLE IX  GENERAL PROVISIONS
77
 
9.1.
Amendment and Modification
77
 
9.2.
Waiver of Compliance
77
 
9.3.
Severability
77
 
9.4.
Expenses and Obligations
78
 
9.5.
Parties in Interest
78
 
9.6.
Notices
78
 
9.7.
Counterparts
79
 
9.8.
Time
79
 
9.9.
Entire Agreement
79
 
9.10.
Attorneys’ Fees
80
 
9.11.
Assignment
80
 
9.12.
Rules of Construction
80
 
9.13.
Governing Law
81
 
9.14.
Waiver of Jury Trial
81
 
9.15.
Consent to Jurisdiction; Venue
82
 
9.16.
Remedies
83
 
9.17.
Certain Matters Regarding Representation of the Company
83
 
9.18.
Privileged Communications
83
       
ARTICLE X  THE REPRESENTATIVE
84
 
10.1.
Authorization of the Representative
84
 
10.2.
Compensation; Exculpation; Indemnity
86
 
iii

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER

THIS AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER (this “ Agreement ”), dated as of June 16, 2016, is made by and among ShippingEasy Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), Stamps.com Inc., a Delaware corporation (“ Parent ”), SEG Merger Sub, Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of Parent (“ Merger Sub ”) and Tim Jugmans, in his capacity as the Representative (as hereinafter defined).

RECITALS

WHEREAS , the boards of directors of the Company, Parent and Merger Sub have deemed it advisable and in the best interests of their respective stockholders to approve this Agreement and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement on the terms and subject to the conditions provided for herein;

WHEREAS , in furtherance thereof it is proposed that Parent acquire the Company by merging Merger Sub with and into the Company, with the Company being the surviving corporation in the merger, in accordance with the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, as amended (the “ DGCL ”);

WHEREAS , the boards of directors of Parent and Merger Sub have each approved this Agreement, the Merger (as hereinafter defined) and the other transactions contemplated hereby;

WHEREAS , the board of directors of the Company has (i)  determined that it is in the best interests of the Company and its Stockholders (as hereinafter defined), and declared it advisable, to enter into this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents (as hereinafter defined) to which the Company is a party, (ii)  approved the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which the Company is a party and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, including the Merger, and (iii)  resolved to recommend adoption of this Agreement and approval of the other Transaction Documents to which the Company is a party by the Stockholders;

WHEREAS , (i)  promptly following the execution and delivery of this Agreement the Stockholders holding at least a majority of the outstanding Shares (as hereinafter defined) on the date of this Agreement, shall execute and deliver to the Company a written consent pursuant to which such Stockholders adopt this Agreement and approve the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby in accordance with the DGCL, a copy of which consent shall be delivered to Parent (the “ Stockholder Approval ”), and, such Stockholders shall also execute and deliver to the Company and Parent Agreements to be Bound (as defined below) executed by such Stockholders and (ii)  not later than one (1) Business Day prior to the Closing, the Securityholders holding Securities (as such foregoing terms are hereinafter defined), outstanding as of the date hereof, that at the Closing will be entitled to receive at least 95% of the Closing Merger Consideration shall execute and deliver to Parent, (A) in each case, as applicable to such Securityholder and the Securities they hold, with respect to their Shares, if any, their respective letter of transmittal (each a “ Letter of Transmittal ”) in the form of Exhibit A-1 to become effective as of the Effective Time (as hereinafter defined), with respect to their Options (as hereinafter defined), if any, an option cancellation agreement (each an “ Option Cancellation Agreement ”) in the form of Exhibit A-2 to become effective as of the Effective Time, and with respect to their Warrants (as hereinafter defined), if any, a warrant cancellation agreement (each a “ Warrant Cancellation Agreement ”) in the form of Exhibit A-3 to become effective as of the Effective Time and (B)  an agreement to be bound by the Specified Provisions (as hereinafter defined) relating to a general release and agreement relating to indemnification and certain other matters (the “ Agreement to be Bound ”) in the form of Exhibit B to be effective as of the date thereof (such actions, as set forth in (ii)(A) and (B), collectively, the “ 95% Condition ”); provided that, if the Closing does not occur (other than solely as a result of the breach of an Agreement to be Bound by a Stockholder), such Letters of Transmittal, Option Cancellation Agreements, Warrant Cancellation Agreements and Agreements to be Bound shall have no force or effect and shall be null and void as of the Termination Date.
 
1

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
WHEREAS , concurrently with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, (1)  each of the Key Executives (as hereinafter defined) has executed and delivered to the Company employment, noncompetition and nonsolicitation agreements in the forms attached hereto as Exhibit D-1 (the “ Employment Agreements ”), (2)  certain Key Board Members (as hereinafter defined) have executed and delivered to the Company noncompetition and nonsolicitation agreements in the form attached hereto as Exhibit D-2 (the “ Noncompetes ”) and (3)  Parent has approved a management incentive plan for the Key Executives and certain other potential participants in the form attached hereto as Exhibit D-3 (the “ MIP ”), all such agreements and plans to become effective at the Effective Time; and

WHEREAS , the Company, Parent and Merger Sub desire to make certain representations, warranties, covenants and agreements in connection with the Merger and also to prescribe various conditions to the Merger.

AGREEMENTS

NOW, THEREFORE , in consideration of the mutual agreements, covenants, promises and representations set forth herein, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged and accepted, the parties agree as follows:

ARTICLE I
DEFINED TERMS

1.1.           Definitions .  Capitalized terms used in this Agreement but not otherwise defined shall have the following meanings:

Action ” means any lawsuit, claim, suit or judicial or legal proceeding, arbitration or similar adjudicatory proceeding or investigation by or before any Governmental Authority.

Affiliate ” of any particular Person means any other Person controlling, controlled by or under common control with such particular Person. For the purposes of this definition, “controlling,” “controlled” and “control” means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person whether through the ownership of voting securities, contract or otherwise.
 
2

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Aggregate Merger Consideration ” means an aggregate amount equal to the Closing Merger Consideration plus (a) the Working Capital Escrow Amount, plus (b) the Escrow Amount, plus or minus (c) the Final Adjustment Amount.

Aggregate Option Exercise Amount ” means the sum of the amounts that would be payable to the Company by holders of each outstanding Option that is unexercised as of the Effective Time if each such outstanding Option was exercised immediately prior to the Effective Time.

Aggregate Warrant Exercise Amount ” means the sum of the amounts that would be payable to the Company by holders of each outstanding Warrant that is unexercised as of the Effective Time if each such outstanding Warrant was exercised immediately prior to the Effective Time.

Agreement ” has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.

Agreement to be Bound ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

Applicable Laws ” means all laws, statutes, rules, regulations, ordinances, judgments, orders, decrees, injunctions and writs of any Governmental Authority applicable to such Person (including, if applicable, such Person’s business, assets or operations).

Applicable Percentage ” means (a) with respect to each Stockholder, a percentage equivalent of a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of shares of Common Stock, if any, held by such Stockholder immediately prior to the Effective Time (after giving effect to the net exercise and cancellation at the Effective Time of any Non-Company Warrants to which such Stockholder is a party) and the denominator of which is the Total Share Number; (b) with respect to each Optionholder, a percentage equivalent of a fraction, the numerator of which is equal to the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock issuable for all outstanding Options held by such Optionholder immediately prior to the Effective Time, and the denominator of which is the Total Share Number; and (c) with respect to each Warrantholder, a percentage equivalent of a fraction, the numerator of which is equal to the aggregate number of shares of Preferred Stock issuable for all outstanding Warrants held by such Warrantholder immediately prior to the Effective Time, and the denominator of which is the Total Share Number.

Base Purchase Price ” means Fifty Five Million US Dollars ($55,000,000).

Business Day ” means each day that is not a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which banking institutions located in Austin, Texas, or Los Angeles, California, are authorized or required by Applicable Law to be closed.

Cash ” means all cash and cash equivalents of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries as determined in accordance with GAAP.

Certificate ” means a certificate representing any Shares.

Certificate of Merger ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.2 .
 
3

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Claim ” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(a) .

Closing ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.2 .

Closing Adjustment Amount ” means an amount (which may be a negative number) equal to (a) Estimated Cash, minus (b) Estimated Debt, plus (c) any Estimated Working Capital Surplus, minus (d) any Estimated Working Capital Deficiency.

Closing Balance Sheet ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.12(a) .

Closing Capitalization Schedule ” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.16 .

Closing Cash ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.12(a) .

Closing Company Transaction Costs ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.12(a) .

Closing Date ” means the date on which the Closing occurs.

Closing Debt ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.12(a) .

Closing Merger Consideration ” means an aggregate amount (not less than zero) equal to (a) the Base Purchase Price, plus (b) the Aggregate Option Exercise Amount, plus (c) the Aggregate Warrant Exercise Amount, plus or minus (d) the Closing Adjustment Amount (which amount will decrease the Closing Merger Consideration if a negative number), minus (e) the Working Capital Escrow Amount; minus (f) the Escrow Amount, minus (g) Paid Company Transaction Costs, minus (h) the Representative Holdback.

Closing Working Capital ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.12(a) .

Closing Working Capital Deficiency ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.12(a) .

Closing Working Capital Surplus ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.12(a) .

Code ” means the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.  All references to the Code, Treasury Regulations or other governmental pronouncements shall be deemed to include references to any applicable successor regulations or amending pronouncement.

Common Stock ” means the Company’s Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share.

Company ” has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.

Company Benefit Plans ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.14(a) .
 
4

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Company Bylaws ” means the Company’s Bylaws, as amended, as in effect prior to the Effective Time.

Company Certificate of Incorporation ” means the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, as in effect prior to the Effective Time.

Company Disclosure Schedule ” means those certain disclosure schedules of even date with this Agreement delivered by the Company to Parent concurrently with the execution and delivery of this Agreement.

Company Governing Documents ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(b) .

Company Indemnified Parties ” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(a) .

Company Permits ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.11(b) .

Company Products ” means any product or service marketed or under development for marketing by the Company as of the date hereof, and any discontinued product or service for which the Company still provides support to customers, together with any derivative thereof or modification thereto.

Company Stock Plan ” means the Company’s 2012 Stock Plan, as amended from time to time.

Company Transaction Costs ” means all fees, costs and expenses incurred by or on behalf of, or paid or to be paid by, the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or the Representative and any officers and directors in connection with the structuring, negotiation or consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents, including (i) all fees, costs and expenses of any brokers, accountants, financial advisors, attorneys, consultants, auditors and other experts; (ii) any fees and expenses associated with obtaining any Consents, or any waivers, consents or approvals of the Stockholders or other third parties on behalf of the Company or its Subsidiaries; (iii) all brokers’, finders’ or similar fees in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, including any process run by or on behalf of the Company; (iv) any change of control payments, bonuses, severance, termination or retention obligations or similar amounts payable or due by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries triggered solely by the Merger, (v) with respect to any such amount referred to in clause (iv) and with respect to any other amount that pursuant to this Agreement is to be paid through the Company’s payroll system, the employer portion of any employment and payroll taxes required to be paid by the Company with respect to such amounts other than with respect to any payments, bonuses, severance, termination or amounts due by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries under the MIP and the Employment Agreements); (vi) 50% of the fees and expenses of the Escrow Agent; and (vii) any amounts payable by the Company in connection with the insurance policies to be obtained in accordance with Section 5.4(b) .

Confidentiality Agreement ” means the Confidentiality Agreement, dated as of October 9, 2015, by and between the Company and Parent.
 
5

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Consents ” means all authorizations, consents, orders or approvals of, or registrations, declarations or filings with, or expiration of waiting periods imposed by, any Governmental Authority, in each case that are necessary in order to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents, and all consents and approvals of third parties necessary in order to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents, including as may be necessary to prevent any conflict with, violation or breach of, or default under, any Material Contract.

Consolidated Group ” means any affiliated, combined, consolidated, unitary or similar group with respect to any Taxes, including any affiliated group within the meaning of Section 1504 of the Code electing to file consolidated federal income Tax Returns and any similar group under foreign, state or local Applicable Law.

Contract ” means any note, bond, mortgage, indenture, guarantee, license, franchise, permit, agreement, understanding, contract, commitment, letter of intent or other obligation (whether oral or written), and any amendments, supplements or modifications thereto, in each case, other than purchase orders for the purchase or supply of goods, services or raw materials in the ordinary course of business.

Current Assets ” means the sum of the Company’s accounts receivable, other receivables, unearned compensation and prepayments, in all cases determined in accordance with GAAP applied using the same accounting methods, practices, principles, policies and procedures (with consistent classifications, judgments and valuation and estimation methodologies) that were used in the preparation of the Financial Statements.

Current Liabilities ” means the sum of the Company’s accounts payable, credit card liabilities, accrued liabilities (which, for the avoidance of doubt, shall include franchise Taxes but shall exclude all income Tax liabilities), salaries payroll liability and other payroll liabilities in all cases determined in accordance with GAAP applied using the same accounting methods, practices, principles, policies and procedures (with consistent classifications, judgments and valuation and estimation methodologies) that were used in the preparation of the Financial Statements.

Debt ” means (a) all indebtedness of the Company and its Subsidiaries for the repayment of borrowed money, whether or not represented by bonds, debentures, notes or similar instruments, all accrued and unpaid interest thereon, and all premiums, penalties, fees and other amounts payable in connection therewith or otherwise included in the Debt Pay-Off Amount, (b) all indebtedness of the Company and its Subsidiaries evidenced by bonds, debentures, notes or similar instruments, including all accrued and unpaid interest thereon, (c) all obligations of the Company and its Subsidiaries with respect to interest-rate hedging, swaps or similar financial arrangements, (d) all capitalized lease obligations of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (e) any amounts for the deferred purchase price of goods and services, including any earn-out liabilities associated with past acquisitions, (f) all deposits and monies received in advance (excluding any customer prepaid amounts), (g) all liabilities under any reimbursement obligation relating to a letter of credit, bankers’ acceptance or note purchase facility, (h) all indebtedness or liabilities secured by any security interest on any property or assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (i) any accrued incentive compensation (excluding accrued employee payables included in Current Liabilities) and (j) all obligations of the type referred to in clauses (a) through (j) of other Persons for the payment of which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is responsible or liable, as obligor, guarantor, surety or otherwise, including any guarantee of such obligations.
 
6

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Debt Pay-Off Amount ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.10(a)(i) .

“Designated Employees ” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.23 .

DGCL ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

Dissenting Shares ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.8(b) .

Effective Time ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.2 .

Employee Benefit Plan ” means: (a) any nonqualified deferred compensation or retirement plan or arrangement that is an Employee Pension Benefit Plan; (b) any qualified defined contribution retirement plan or arrangement that is an Employee Pension Benefit Plan; (c) any qualified defined benefit retirement plan or arrangement that is an Employee Pension Benefit Plan; (d) any Employee Welfare Benefit Plan; (e) any fringe benefit plan, policy, or program, agreement or arrangement; (f) any profit sharing, bonus, stock option, stock purchase, equity incentive, consulting, employment, severance, salary continuation, change in control, retention or incentive plan, policy, program, agreement or arrangement; or (g) any plan, policy, program, agreement or arrangement providing benefits related to clubs, vacation, childcare, parenting, employee assistance, tuition reimbursement, sick pay, leave of absence, sabbatical or sick or family leave; in each case whether provided during employment or other service or upon or following retirement or other separation from service.

Employee Pension Benefit Plan ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3(2) of ERISA.

Employee Welfare Benefit Plan ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3(1) of ERISA.

Employment Agreements ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

Environmental Claim ” means any claim, demand, suit, order, judgment, proceeding, penalty, citation, or notice of violation, asserted pursuant to any Environmental Law.

Environmental Laws ” means all Applicable Laws relating to natural resources, including the ambient air, soil, subsurface soils, surface water or groundwater, or natural resources, or relating to the protection of human health to the extent relating to exposure to Materials of Environmental Concern, pollution or the protection of the environment.

Environmental Permits ” means all permits, licenses, registrations, approvals and other authorizations required under applicable Environmental Laws.
 
7

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Equipment ” means all items of equipment, equipment structures, machinery, tools, motor vehicles, fixtures, leasehold improvements, hardware, systems, infrastructure, and other equipment owned, leased, or used in the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ business, and all other items that would be classified as equipment on the asset side of a balance sheet of the Company prepared in accordance with GAAP.

ERISA ” means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.

Equipment ” means all items of equipment, equipment structures, machinery, tools, motor vehicles, fixtures, leasehold improvements, hardware, systems, infrastructure, and other equipment owned, leased, or used in the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ business, and all other items that would be classified as equipment on the asset side of a balance sheet of the Company prepared in accordance with GAAP.

Escrow Account ” has the meaning set forth in the Escrow Agreement.

Escrow Agent ” means U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, a national banking association.

Escrow Agreement ” means the escrow agreement in substantially the form of Exhibit C entered into on or prior to the Closing by and among Parent, the Representative and the Escrow Agent.

Escrow Amount ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.13(a) .

Estimated Cash ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.11(a) .

Estimated Closing Balance Sheet ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.11(a) .

Estimated Company Transaction Costs ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.11(a) .

Estimated Debt ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.11(a) .

Estimated Working Capital Deficiency ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.11(a) .

Estimated Working Capital Surplus ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.11(a) .

Excluded Claims ” means any Parent Indemnification Claim made pursuant to Section 8.2(b)-(f) .

Final Adjustment Amount ” means an amount equal to (a) Final Cash minus (b) Final Debt plus (c) any Final Working Capital Surplus, minus (d) any Final Working Capital Deficiency minus (e) the Final Company Transaction Costs.
 
8

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Final Adjustment Deficiency ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.12(b) .

Final Adjustment Surplus ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.12(b) .

Final Balance Sheet ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.12(b) .

Final Cash ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.12(b) .

Final Company Transaction Costs ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.12(b) .

Final Debt ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.12(b) .

Final Working Capital ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.12(b) .

Final Working Capital Deficiency ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.12(b) .

Final Working Capital Surplus ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.12(b) .

Financial Statements ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.5(a) .

Fundamental Representations ” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.1 .

GAAP ” means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, consistently applied by the Company in the preparation of the Financial Statements.

Governmental Authority ” means any governmental department, commission, board, bureau, agency, court or other instrumentality, whether foreign or domestic, of any country, nation, republic, federation or similar entity or any state, county, parish or municipality, jurisdiction or other political subdivision thereof.

Indemnification Claim ” means a Parent Indemnification Claim or a Securityholder Indemnification Claim, as the case may be.

Indemnified Persons ” means the Parent Indemnified Persons or the Securityholder Indemnified Persons, as the case may be.

Indemnifying Person ” means Parent and the Surviving Corporation, jointly and severally, in the case of any Securityholder Indemnification Claim, or the Securityholders, acting through the Representative, in the case of any Parent Indemnification Claim.

Indemnity Objection Notice ” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.5 .

Information Statement ” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.18(a) .

Insurance Policies ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.17(a) .
 
9

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Intellectual Property ” means the following U.S. and non-U.S. intellectual property rights, including both statutory and common law rights, as applicable: (a) copyrights, rights in works of authorship (including software), and registrations and applications for registration thereof; (b) trademarks, service marks, trade names, slogans, domain names, logos, trade dress, and other indicia of origin, registrations and applications for registrations thereof and all goodwill associated therewith; (c) patents and patent applications (including all reissues, divisionals, continuations, continuations in part, renewals, reexams and extensions of the foregoing); (d) trade secrets and rights in confidential information, including methods, techniques, procedures, processes and other know-how, whether or not patentable (“ Trade Secrets ”); and (e) all other intellectual property and proprietary rights.

IT Systems ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.9(h) .

Key Board Members ” means [***].

Key Executives ” means [***].

Knowledge ” or the “ Company’s Knowledge ” means with respect to the Company, the actual knowledge, after reasonable inquiry, of the following individuals: [***].

Leased Real Property ” means all of the real property leased by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

Letter of Transmittal ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

Liability ” and “ Liabilities ” means any assessments, deficiencies, damages, fines, penalties, losses, Debt, or liability (whether direct or indirect, known or unknown, asserted or unasserted, absolute or contingent, accrued or unaccrued, matured or unmatured, determined or determinable, disputed or undisputed, liquidated or unliquidated, due or to become due, and whether in contract, tort, strict liability or otherwise).

Licensed Intellectual Property ” means Intellectual Property that the Company or its Subsidiaries are licensed or otherwise permitted by other Persons to use.

Liens ” means liens, pledges, voting agreements, voting trusts, proxy agreements, security interests, mortgages, and other possessory interests, conditional sale or other title retention agreements, assessments, easements, rights of way, covenants, restrictions, rights of first refusal, encroachments, and other burdens, options or encumbrances of any kind (including the filing of or agreement to give any financing statement under the Uniform Commercial Code or comparable law or any jurisdiction in connection with such mortgage, pledge, security interest, encumbrance, lien, or charge).

Losses ” means, subject to Sections 8.8 , and 8.9 , any and all assessments, claims, damages, demands, fines, debts, suits, proceedings, judgments, losses, charges, penalties, fees, costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses) sustained, suffered or incurred by any Indemnified Person in connection with, or related to, any matter which is the subject of indemnification under Article VIII ; provided, however, the amount of any Losses in the form of punitive Losses shall not be included in Losses for which an Indemnified Person may seek indemnification under Article VIII , except to the extent paid to a third party.
 
10

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Major Customer ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.10(a) .

Major Supplier ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.10(b) .

Material Adverse Effect ” means any change, circumstance, effect, event or fact that (I) has a material and adverse effect on the business, financial condition or results of operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (II) prevents or materially delays the ability of the Company or, collectively, the Securityholders, to consummate the Closing; provided, that, in the case of clause (I) , no change, circumstance, effect, event or fact shall be deemed (individually or in the aggregate) to constitute, nor shall any of the foregoing be taken into account in determining whether there has been a Material Adverse Effect, to the extent that such change, circumstance, effect, event or fact results from, arises out of, or relates to (a) a general deterioration in the economy, (b) changes in the economic conditions prevalent in the industry in which the Company and its Subsidiaries operate (including changes in law affecting the industry in which the Company and its Subsidiaries operate); (c) the outbreak or escalation of hostilities involving the United States, the declaration by the United States of a national emergency or war or the occurrence of any other calamity or crisis, including acts of terrorism; (d) any hurricane, tornado, flood, earthquake or other natural disaster; (e) the disclosure of the fact that Parent is the prospective acquirer of the Company where such events, occurrences, facts, conditions or changes primarily involve the actions of parties other than the Company or its employees or Affiliates; (f) the execution of this Agreement, or the announcement, disclosure or pendency of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any other Transaction Document where such events, occurrences, facts, conditions or changes primarily involve the actions of parties other than the Company or its employees or Affiliates; (g) the announcement or disclosure of the Company’s intention to review the possibility of selling itself where such events, occurrences, facts, conditions or changes primarily involve the actions of parties other than the Company or its employees or Affiliates; (h) any change in accounting requirements or principles imposed upon the Company, its Subsidiaries or their respective businesses or any change in Applicable Laws, or change in the interpretation thereof by appropriate authorities; (i) actions (other than actions permitted or contemplated by this Agreement) taken by Parent or any of its Affiliates (provided such change, circumstance, effect, event or fact directly relates to such actions); or (j) the taking of any specific action (other than general actions such as operating in the ordinary course of business) required by, or consented to by Parent in accordance with, this Agreement or any other Transaction Document), except in the case of clauses (a) through (h) for such events, occurrences, facts, conditions or changes that have a materially disproportionate effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries relative to other companies in the same industry.

Material Contract ” means:

(a)            each Contract that requires future expenditures by the Company in excess of [***]   within 12 months of the date hereof or that is reasonably expected to result in payments to the Company within 12 months of the date hereof in excess of [***];

(b)            any Contract for the purchase of materials, supplies, goods, services, Equipment or other assets providing for annual payments by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of [***] or more;
 
11

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(c)            each lease, rental or occupancy agreement, installment and conditional sale agreement, and any other contract or agreement, in each case, affecting the leasing of, or title to or use of, any Leased Real Property;

(d)            each joint venture, partnership or any other material contract or agreement involving a sharing of profits, losses, costs or liabilities by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries with any other Person;

(e)            each Contract containing covenants that purport to restrict or prohibit the business activity of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or limit the freedom of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to engage in any line of business or to compete with any other Person or in any geographic area or during any period of time, excluding, in each case clauses restricting the use or disclosure of confidential information in Contracts entered in the ordinary course of business;

(f)             each Contract involving a standstill or similar agreement;

(g)            each Contract with any Governmental Authority;

(h)            each Contract or agreement with any Related Party;

(i)             each Contract relating to Debt with an outstanding principal amount in excess of [***];

(j)             each financial advisory or similar type of Contract, and any Contract with an investment or commercial bank that will be binding on the Company or any of its Subsidiaries after the Closing (other than those that contain only binding customary indemnification provisions);

(k)            each Contract or series of related Contracts entered into with respect to (i) the acquisition of the assets or properties of any Person or the disposition of assets or properties of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, in each case, involving consideration in excess of [***], or any merger, consolidation or similar business combination transaction; and (ii) a completed acquisition or disposition by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of any operating business or the capital stock or other equity interests of any Person pursuant to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has continuing obligations as of the date hereof; provided , that the Contracts described in this clause (k) shall not include any Contracts entered into in the ordinary course of business for the sale of goods and services;

(l)             each Contract that (i) is an employment, consulting, bonus, profit sharing, incentive compensation, termination or severance Contract, except for any such Contract that is terminable at will by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries without liability in excess of [***] to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; (ii) is a collective bargaining agreement; or (iii) requires severance payment or payments upon a change of control in excess of [***];
 
12

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(m)           each Contract relating in whole or in part to any license of Intellectual Property to the Company involving consideration in excess of [***] (excluding any “ shrinkwrap ” or similar generally available commercial end-user license to software, in each case that is used without customization) or any license of Intellectual Property from the Company to any third party involving consideration in excess of [***] and which cannot be terminated for convenience on not more than 90 days’ notice;

(n)            each Contract with each Person who has made a material contribution to the creation or development of the Owned Intellectual Property relating to the ownership of the Owned Intellectual Property;

(o)            each Contract involving any resolution or settlement of any actual or threatened litigation, arbitration, claim or other dispute in the past three years in excess of [***]

(p)            any Contracts with any Major Customer or Major Supplier;

(q)            any Contracts that contain “most favored nation” pricing provisions, any exclusivity, rights of first refusal, rights of first negotiation or similar obligations or restrictions that are binding on the Company or that would be binding on Parent or any of its Affiliates after the Closing;

(r)             any Contract with a carrier or package consolidator; and

(s)            each Contract containing “earn-outs” or similar arrangements.

Materials of Environmental Concern ” means any pollutants, contaminants, wastes, toxic or hazardous substances, or other substances that are regulated under Environmental Laws, including the federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act and the federal Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.

Merger ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.1 .

Merger Sub ” has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.

Mini-Basket ” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.4(a) .

Minimum Loss ” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.4(a) .

MIP ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

Non-Company Warrants ” means each of [***]

Noncompete ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

Objection Notice ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.12(b) .

Officer’s Certificate ” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.5 .
 
13

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Open Source Software ” means software that is licensed pursuant to an open source, copyleft or community source code license or that is distributed under similar licensing or distribution models (including any library, code or other software that is licensed under any General Public License, Lesser General Public License, MIT License, Apache License, GNU Affero General Public License or similar license arrangement).

Option ” means any right or option to purchase Shares issued pursuant to the Company Stock Plan.

Option Cancellation Agreement ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

Option Grants ” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.23 .

Optionholder ” means each holder of an Option.

Owned Intellectual Property ” means Intellectual Property owned by the Company or its Subsidiaries.

Owned IT Systems ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.9(h) .

Paid Company Transaction Costs ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.10(a)(iii) .

Parent ” has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.

Parent Indemnification Claim ” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.2 .

Parent Indemnified Persons ” means (a) Parent; (b) the Surviving Corporation and each of its Subsidiaries; (c) with respect to the Persons set forth in clauses (a) and (b), each of their respective Affiliates, assigns and successors in interest; and (d) with respect to the Persons set forth in clauses (a) through (c), each of their respective stockholders, members, partners, directors, officers, employees, agents, attorneys and representatives.

Parent Prepared Returns ” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.20(a)(ii) .
 
Pay Off Letter ” or “ Pay Off Letters ” means the letters, and any updates thereto, to be sent by each of the Company’s lenders under Company Debt to Parent prior to the Closing, which letters shall specify the aggregate amount of Debt that will be outstanding as of the Closing Date and wire transfer information for each such lender to be paid at Closing.
 
Permits ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.11(b) .
 
14

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Permitted Encumbrances ” means (a) statutory Liens for Taxes that are not past due and or that are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings; (b) mechanics’, carriers’, workers’, repairers’ and other similar Liens imposed by Applicable Law arising or incurred in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practices of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries that are not past due or that are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings; (c) in the case of leases of vehicles, rolling stock and other Personal Property, encumbrances that do not materially impair the operation of the business at the facility at which such leased equipment or other Personal Property is located; (d) other Liens that were not incurred in connection with the borrowing of money or the advance of credit and that do not materially interfere with the conduct of the business conducted by the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole; (e) Liens on leases of Leased Real Property arising from the provisions of such leases, including, in relation to Leased Real Property, any agreements or conditions imposed on the issuance of land use permits, zoning, business licenses, use permits or other entitlements of various types issued by any Governmental Authority, necessary or beneficial to the continued use and occupancy of such Leased Real Property or the continuation of the business conducted by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; (f) zoning regulations and restrictive covenants, easements and other matters of record that do not detract in any material respect from the value of the Leased Real Property and do not materially and adversely affect, impair or interfere with the use of any property affected thereby; (g) public utility easements of record, in customary form, to serve the Leased Real Property; (h) landlords’ Liens in favor of landlords under the leases with respect to the Leased Real Property; (i) mortgages, deeds of trust and other security instruments, and ground leases or underlying leases covering the title, interest or estate of such landlords with respect to the Leased Real Property and to which the leases with respect to the Leased Real Property are subordinate; and (j) Liens set forth on Schedule 1.1(a) .

Person ” means an individual, corporation, limited or general partnership, limited liability company, association, joint venture, joint stock company, trust, unincorporated organization, Governmental Authority or any other entity or any group comprised of two or more of the foregoing.

Personal Information ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.19(a) .

Personal Property ” means all of the machinery, Equipment, tools, motor vehicles, furniture, furnishings, leasehold improvements, office equipment, inventory, supplies and other tangible personal property owned or leased by the Company or its Subsidiaries and used or held for use in their business or operations as of the Closing Date.

[***] ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.23 .

Post-Closing Owed Amounts ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.10(b) .

Pre-Closing Period ” means any Tax period ending on or before the Closing Date.

Preferred Stock ” means the Company’s Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share, including the Company’s Series Seed Preferred Stock, Series Seed-2 Preferred Stock and Series A Preferred Stock.

Privacy Laws ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.19(a) .

Privileged Communications ” has the meaning set forth in Section 9.18 .
 
15

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Pro Rata Share ” means, with respect to each Securityholder, a percentage equivalent of a fraction (a) the numerator of which is the portion of Aggregate Merger Consideration payable to such Securityholder pursuant to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and (b) the denominator of which is the Aggregate Merger Consideration payable to all Securityholders pursuant to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

Referee ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.12(b) .

Registered IP ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.9(a) .

Related Party ” means, with respect to any specified Person:  (i) any Affiliate of such specified Person; (ii) any Person who serves as a director, executive officer, partner, member or in a similar capacity of such specified Person; (iii) any immediate family member of such Person or of a Person described in clause (ii); or (iv) any other Person who holds, individually or together with any Affiliate of such other Person and any member(s) of such Person’s immediate family, more than 5% of the outstanding voting equity or ownership interests of such specified Person.

Representative ” means Tim Jugmans, and any successor representative appointed to act on their behalf.

Representative Holdback ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.14 .

Representative Losses ” has the meaning set forth in Section 10.2(c) .

Representative Prepared Returns ” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.20(a)(i) .

Restricted Transactions ” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.6(a) .

Section 280G Payments ” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.17 .

Securities ” means, collectively, the Shares, Options and Warrants.

Securityholder ” means, collectively, the Stockholders, the Optionholders and the Warrantholders.

Securityholder Indemnification Claim ” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.3 .

Securityholder Indemnified Persons ” means (a) the Securityholders; (b) each of the Securityholder’s respective Affiliates, assigns and successors in interest; and (c) with respect to the Persons set forth in clauses (a) and (b), each of their respective Securityholders, members, partners, directors, officers, employees, agents, attorneys and representatives.
 
16

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Securityholder Taxes ” means the following: (a) any and all Taxes imposed on the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company for any Pre-Closing Period and for the portion of any Straddle Period ending on the Closing Date (determined in accordance with Section 5.19(b) ; (b) any Transfer Taxes for which the Representative is liable pursuant to Section 5.19(f) ; (c) all liability for Taxes of any member (other than the Company or any of its Subsidiaries) of a Consolidated Group of which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (including any predecessor entities) is or was a member prior to the Closing Date; (d) all Taxes of any Person (other than the Company or any of its Subsidiaries) imposed on the Company or any of its Subsidiaries as a transferee or successor, by Contract, pursuant to any Applicable Laws or otherwise, which Taxes relate to events or transactions occurring prior to the Closing Date; and (e) any Losses asserted against, incurred, sustained or suffered by the Parent or its Affiliates (including the Surviving Corporation after the Closing) as a result of, arising out of or otherwise relating to a breach of any representation or warranty in Section 3.7 ; provided , that no such Tax will constitute a Securityholder Tax to the extent the amount of such Tax (i) was included as a Current Liability in the determination of Final Working Capital or (ii) results from any action outside the ordinary course of business taken by, or at the direction of, Parent on the Closing Date and after the Closing.

Seller Group ” has the meaning set forth in Section 9.17 .

Shares ” means the shares of Common Stock and Preferred Stock outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time.

Specified Provisions ” means Section 2.12 Section 2.13 , Section 2.14 , Section 5.2 , Section 5.5 , Section 5.6 , Section 5.7 , Section 5.9 , Section 5.10 , Section 5.11 , Section 5.13 , Article VIII , Section 9.13 , Section 9.14 , Section 9.15 and Article X hereto.

Stockholder Approval ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

Stockholder Notice ” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.18(b) .

Stockholders ” means the holders of Shares.

Straddle Period ” means any Tax period beginning on or before the Closing Date and ending after the Closing Date.

Subsidiary ” or “ Subsidiaries ” means, with respect to any Person, another Person in which such first Person owns, directly or indirectly, an amount of the voting securities, other voting ownership or voting partnership interests which is sufficient to elect at least a majority of its board of directors or other governing body (or, if there are no such voting interests, 50% or more of the equity interests of such Person).

Surviving Corporation ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.1 .

Tax ” or “ Taxes ” means federal, state, local or foreign taxes of any kind, including, but not limited to, net income, gross income, minimum, alternative minimum, margin, gross receipts, commercial activity, net worth, corporate, capital, excise, property, ad valorem, sales, use, transfer, turnover, value added, license, withholding, payroll, employment, unemployment, social security, workers’ compensation, estimated, severance, escheat, abandoned property, stamp, intangible, environmental, windfall profits, custom, duty and franchise taxes imposed by any Governmental Authority together with any interest, penalties, addition to tax or additional amounts imposed thereon.
 
17

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Tax Benefit ” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.10 .

Tax Proceeding ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.7(b) .

Tax Returns ” means any return, report, statement, information return or other document (including any schedule or attachment thereto and amendment thereof) filed or required to be filed with any Governmental Authority in connection with the determination, assessment, collection or administration of any Taxes or the administration of any laws, regulations or administrative requirements relating to any Taxes.

Termination Date ” has the meaning set forth in Section 7.1 .

Third Party Claim ” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.5(b) .

Total Share Number ” means the sum of (i) the total number of shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time, plus (ii) the total number of shares of Preferred Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time, plus (iii) the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock issuable for all outstanding vested Options immediately prior to the Effective Time, plus (iv) the aggregate number of shares of Preferred Stock issuable for all outstanding Warrants immediately prior to the Effective Time.

Trade Secrets ” has the meaning set forth in the definition of Intellectual Property in this Article I .

Transaction Documents ” means, collectively, this Agreement and each other agreement, document, certificate and instrument required to be executed in accordance herewith.

Transfer Taxes ” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.20(e) .

Treasury Regulations ” means the final and temporary regulations promulgated under the Code.

WARN Act ” means the Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act of 1988, as amended, and any similar state or local law addressing mass layoffs or employment losses.

Warrant ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.2(b) .

Warrant Cancellation Agreement ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.

Warrantholder ” means each holder of a Warrant.

“Websites ” means all Internet websites, including content, text, graphics, images, audio, video, data, databases, Software and related digital media included on or used in the operation of and maintenance thereof, and all ASP, HTML, DHTML, SHTML, and XML files, cgi and other scripts, subscriber data, archives, and server and traffic logs.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Working Capital ” means Current Assets minus Current Liabilities, calculated in accordance with the sample calculations set forth in Schedule 1.1(b) .

Working Capital Deficiency ” means the amount by which the Working Capital Target exceeds the Working Capital.

Working Capital Escrow Amount ” means [***].

Working Capital Surplus ” means the amount by which Working Capital exceeds the Working Capital Target.

Working Capital Target ” means [***].

Written Consent ” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.18(a) .

ARTICLE II
THE MERGER

2.1.           Merger .  Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, at the Effective Time, Merger Sub shall be merged with and into the Company (the “ Merger ”) in accordance with the terms of, and subject to the conditions set forth in, this Agreement and the DGCL.  Following the Merger, the Company shall continue as the surviving corporation in the Merger (sometimes hereinafter referred to as the “ Surviving Corporation ”) and the separate corporate existence of Merger Sub shall cease.

2.2.           Effective Time; The Closing .  Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, as soon as practicable on the Closing Date, the Company, Parent and Merger Sub shall cause a Certificate of Merger meeting the requirements of Section 251 of the DGCL (the “ Certificate of Merger ”) to be properly executed and filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware in accordance with the terms and conditions of the DGCL on the Closing Date.  The Merger shall become effective at the time of filing of the Certificate of Merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware (or such later time as agreed by the Company and Parent and set forth in the Certification of Merger) in accordance with the DGCL (the “ Effective Time ”).  Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, the closing of the Merger (the “ Closing ”) shall take place at 9:00 a.m., Los Angeles time, no later than five (5) Business Days after the last of the conditions to Closing set forth in Article VI have been satisfied or waived (other than conditions which, by their nature, are to be satisfied on the Closing Date), at the offices of Manatt, Phelps & Phillips, LLP, 11355 West Olympic, Blvd., Suite 10000, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, or at such other time or on such other date or at such other place as the Company and Parent may mutually agree upon in writing; provided, however, that the Closing shall not occur on the dates June 17, 2016 through June 30, 2016 without the prior written consent of the Parent and the Company.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
2.3.           Effects of the Merger .  At and after the Effective Time, the Merger shall have the effects set forth in this Agreement and in the relevant provisions of the DGCL.  Without limiting the generality of the foregoing and subject thereto, at the Effective Time, the separate existence of Merger Sub will cease and the Company shall continue as the Surviving Corporation, and, without other transfer, all the property, rights, privileges, immunities, powers and franchises of the Company and Merger Sub shall vest in the Surviving Corporation, and all debts, liabilities, obligations and duties of the Company and Merger Sub shall become the debts, liabilities, obligations and duties of the Surviving Corporation as if the Surviving Corporation had itself incurred them.

2.4.           Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws .

(a)             At the Effective Time, and without any further action on the part of the Company or Merger Sub, the Company Certificate of Incorporation shall be the certificate of incorporation of the Surviving Corporation until thereafter changed or amended as provided therein or by Applicable Law, subject to the terms of this Agreement, including, for the avoidance of doubt, Section 5.4 .

(b)             At the Effective Time, and without further action on the part of the Company or Merger Sub, the Company Bylaws shall be amended and restated in their entirety such that the bylaws of Merger Sub in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the bylaws of the Surviving Corporation until thereafter changed or amended as provided therein or by Applicable Law, subject to the terms of this Agreement, including, for the avoidance of doubt, Section 5.4 .

2.5.           Directors and Officers .  From and after the Effective Time, (a) the directors of Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the directors of the Surviving Corporation, each to hold office in accordance with the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of the Surviving Corporation, and (b) the officers of Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the officers of the Surviving Corporation, in each case until the earlier of their death, resignation or removal or until their respective successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified.

2.6.           Conversion of Shares .  At the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of any party, any Person or any holder of any securities of any Person:

(a)             Each Share issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (excluding any Shares described in Section 2.6(b)) (i) shall be converted automatically into the right to receive the portion of the consideration set forth in this Agreement attributable to such Share in cash, without interest, and subject to deduction for any required withholding Tax, and (ii) shall otherwise cease to be outstanding, shall automatically be canceled, extinguished and cease to exist; provided , that Dissenting Shares shall not be so converted or represent the right to receive the foregoing consideration, but the holders of such Dissenting Shares shall only be entitled to such rights as are set forth in Section 2.8 and the applicable provisions of the DGCL.  For the avoidance of doubt, each Share of Preferred Stock is entitled to and shall receive, in accordance with the terms of the Company Certificate of Incorporation, the same price per share in the Merger as the Shares of Common Stock in lieu of receiving any liquidation preference to which such Shares may otherwise be entitled therein.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(b)             Each Share held by Parent or Merger Sub or held by the Company as treasury shares or by any Subsidiary of Parent, Merger Sub or the Company immediately prior to the Effective Time shall automatically be canceled without any conversion thereof, and no payment, consideration or distribution shall be made with respect thereto.

(c)             Each share of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of Merger Sub issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be converted into and shall represent one validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable share of common stock, par value $0.001   per share, of the Surviving Corporation.

2.7.           Treatment of Options and Warrants .

(a)             Prior to the Effective Time, the Company’s board of directors shall take all actions necessary, including amending the Company Stock Plan and applicable stock option agreements, as necessary, and obtaining any necessary consents, to cause (i) all vested Options to be cancelled and converted into the right by each Optionholder holding outstanding vested Options immediately prior to the Effective Time to receive (without interest), as soon as reasonably practicable on or after the Closing Date but no later than five (5) Business Days following the Closing Date, the consideration applicable to such Optionholder’s vested Options as set forth in Section 2.7(b) and (ii) all unvested Options to be cancelled.  As soon as reasonably practicable on or after the Closing Date, but no later than two (2) Business Days following the Closing Date, Parent shall cause the Surviving Corporation to provide written notice of the foregoing to each Optionholder.

(b)             At the Effective Time, each vested Option that is issued and outstanding as of immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be cancelled, and in consideration of such cancellation, the Surviving Corporation shall pay in accordance with Section 2.10(a)(vi) to each such Optionholder an amount in cash equal to (I) the excess of (i) such Optionholder’s Applicable Percentage of the Closing Merger Consideration over (ii) the aggregate exercise price for all outstanding vested Options held by such Optionholder and (II) any amounts, if any, that may become payable in respect of such vested Option in the future pursuant to Section 2.12 and/or Section 2.13 .  The amounts described in this Section 2.7(b) shall be deemed to have been paid in full satisfaction of all rights pertaining to such Options.  At the Effective Time, each vested Option with an exercise price greater than the portion of Closing Merger Consideration that would otherwise be payable for such Option if such Option was exercised immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be cancelled without consideration payable therefor and shall be of no further force and effect.

(c)             At least five (5) Business Days prior to the Effective Time, the Company’s board of directors shall give written notice of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby to each Warrantholder. At the Effective Time, each Warrant that is outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time will be cancelled and extinguished and be converted into the right to receive (without interest), as soon as reasonably practicable on or after the Closing Date but no later than two (2) Business Days following the Closing Date, the consideration applicable to such Warrantholder’s Warrants as set forth in Section 2.10(a)(vii) .
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
2.8.           Dissenters’ Rights .

(a)             Promptly following receipt of the Stockholder Approval, the Company shall provide each record holder of Shares who shall not have voted in favor of the Merger or consented thereto in writing, with notice of such holder’s appraisal rights pursuant to Section 262 of the DGCL.  The Company shall give Parent (i) prompt notice of any demands for appraisal pursuant to Section 262 of the DGCL received by the Company from any Stockholders, withdrawals of such demands and any other demand, notice or instrument delivered to the Company pursuant to the DGCL that relates to such demand and (ii) the opportunity to participate in all negotiations and proceedings with respect to such demands.  The Company or, after the Closing, the Representative, shall not, except with the prior written consent of Parent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld, make any payment with respect to, or settle or offer to settle, such demands.  No later than ten (10) days following the date on which the Effective Time occurs, Parent and the Surviving Corporation shall provide notice of the Effective Time to each Stockholder who has neither voted in favor of the Merger nor consented thereto in writing and has not withdrawn or lost the right to the appraisal pursuant to Section 262 of the DGCL.

(b)             Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary, no Shares issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time that are held by holders who have neither voted in favor of the Merger nor consented thereto in writing and who are entitled to demand, and properly demand the right, if any, for appraisal of such Shares in accordance with the provisions of Section 262 of the DGCL and have not withdrawn or lost such right to appraisal (collectively, the “ Dissenting Shares ”) shall be converted into or represent a right to receive any portion of the Aggregate Merger Consideration for such Shares, and the holder of such Dissenting Shares shall only be entitled to such appraisal rights as are granted by the DGCL.  If a holder of Shares who demands appraisal of such Shares under the DGCL shall thereafter effectively withdraw or lose (through failure to perfect or otherwise) the right to appraisal with respect to such Shares, then, as of the occurrence of such withdrawal or loss, each such Share shall be deemed to have been converted into and represent only the right to receive, in accordance with Sections 2.6 and 2.10 , the portion of the Aggregate Merger Consideration for such Shares hereunder, without interest, and such Share shall no longer be deemed a Dissenting Share hereunder.

2.9.           Closing of Transfer Books .  From and after the Effective Time, the stock transfer books of the Company shall be closed and no transfer of Shares shall thereafter be made.  From and after the Effective Time, the holders of Certificates evidencing ownership of Shares immediately prior to the Effective Time shall cease to have any rights with respect to such Shares, except as otherwise provided for in this Agreement or by Applicable Law.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
2.10.        Payments .

(a)             Closing Payments .  At the Closing, Parent shall pay or cause to be paid (by an exchange agent reasonably acceptable to the Company, if Parent so elects at Parent’s sole cost and expenses), or shall deposit or cause to be deposited, as the case may be, the following amounts by wire transfer of immediately available funds pursuant to wire transfer instructions confirmed by the applicable payment recipient in writing, or other applicable payment methods as may be authorized by any particular Securityholder pursuant to a Letter of Transmittal, Option Cancellation Agreement and/or Warrant Cancellation Agreement, as applicable, as follows:

(i)             to each lender (if any) under Company Debt, to an account designated by such lender in writing, the amount of Debt specified in such lender’s Pay Off Letter (collectively, the sum of such Debt amounts for all such payees being hereinafter referred to as the “ Debt Pay-Off Amount ”);

(ii)            the Escrow Amount plus the Working Capital Escrow Amount with the Escrow Agent;

(iii)            all Company Transaction Costs that remain outstanding as of the Closing Date to such account or accounts as are designated by the Company in accordance with Section 5.14 (collectively, the sum of such payments for all payees of Company Transaction Costs being hereinafter referred to as the “ Paid Company Transaction Costs ”);

(iv)           such account as is designated by the Representative in writing, the Representative Holdback;

(v)            to each Stockholder that delivers a completed and duly executed Letter of Transmittal and all applicable Certificates for cancellation (or an affidavit of loss and indemnity agreement as contemplated by the Letter of Transmittal and who complies with the requirement of such affidavit of loss and indemnity agreement) to Parent or its exchange agent on or prior to the Closing Date, an amount equal to the Stockholder’s Applicable Percentage of the Closing Merger Consideration.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, with respect to any payments due to a Stockholder as a result of the net exercise and cancellation at the Effective Time of any Non-Company Warrants held (but not issued) by such Stockholder, such amounts (including, without limitation, any amounts which are payable by the Representative or the Escrow Agent hereunder) shall be remitted to and processed by the Surviving Corporation or its agent, and paid to such Stockholder in the amounts and at the times set forth in this Agreement, net of all required withholdings as set forth in Section 2.15 .  The Surviving Corporation or its agent shall pay, or cause to be paid, to such Stockholder any amounts received from the Representative or the Escrow Agent pursuant to the preceding sentence as soon as practicable and not later than five (5) Business Days following receipt of such amounts.

(vi)           through the Company’s payroll system (or, at the option of Parent for any particular Optionholder, through Parent’s exchange agent) to each Optionholder that delivers a completed and duly executed Option Cancellation Agreement, an amount equal to (I) the excess of (x) such Optionholder’s Applicable Percentage of the Closing Merger Consideration over (y) the aggregate exercise price for all outstanding vested Options held by such Optionholder and (II) the amounts, if any, that may become payable in respect of such Options in the future pursuant to Section 2.12 and/or Section 2.13 .  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, with respect to any payments which become due in respect of Options from and after the Closing, such amounts (including, without limitation, any amounts which are payable by the Representative or the Escrow Agent hereunder) shall be remitted to and processed by the Surviving Corporation or its payroll agent, and paid to the respective Optionholders in the amounts and at the times set forth in this Agreement, net of all required withholdings as set forth in Section 2.15 .  The Surviving Corporation or its payroll agent shall pay, or cause to be paid, to Optionholders any amounts received from the Representative or the Escrow Agent pursuant to the preceding sentence as soon as practicable and not later than five (5) Business Days following receipt of such amounts.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(vii)          to each Warrantholder that delivers a completed and duly executed Warrant Cancellation Agreement an amount equal to (I) the excess of (x) such Warrantholder’s Applicable Percentage of the Closing Merger Consideration over (y) the aggregate exercise price for all outstanding Warrants held by such Warrantholder and (II) the amounts, if any, that may become payable in respect of such Warrants in the future pursuant to Section 2.12 and/or Section 2.13 . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, with respect to any payments which become due in respect of Warrants from and after the Closing, such amounts (including, without limitation, any amounts which are payable by the Representative or the Escrow Agent hereunder) shall be remitted to and processed by the Surviving Corporation or its agent, and paid to the respective Warrantholders in the amounts and at the times set forth in this Agreement, net of all required withholdings as set forth in Section 2.15 .  The Surviving Corporation or its agent shall pay, or cause to be paid, to Warrantholders any amounts received from the Representative or the Escrow Agent pursuant to the preceding sentence as soon as practicable and not later than five (5) Business Days following receipt of such amounts.

(b)             Post-Closing Payments .  From and after the Closing, (i) Parent or its exchange agent shall promptly (and in any event within five (5) Business Days after receipt) pay or cause to be paid to (x) each Stockholder that delivers a completed and duly executed Letter of Transmittal and all applicable Certificates for cancellation (or an affidavit of loss and indemnity agreement as contemplated by the Letter of Transmittal) and an Agreement to be Bound, (y) each Optionholder that delivers a completed and duly executed Option Cancellation Agreement and an Agreement to be Bound, and (z) each Warrantholder that delivers a completed and duly executed Warrant Cancellation Agreement and an Agreement to be Bound, to Parent at any time after the Closing Date, with respect to all Securities held by such Securityholder, the amount (without interest) that would have been payable to such Securityholder pursuant to Section 2.10(a)(v) , 2.10(a)(vi) or 2.10(a)(vii) , if such Securityholder had delivered such documents on or prior to the Closing Date (the aggregate amount of such payments, the “ Post-Closing Owed Amounts ”), and (ii) Parent or its exchange agent shall hold the Post-Closing Owed Amounts in a segregated account to be used solely for purposes of this Section 2.10(b) .  Any other payments (including distributions by the Escrow Agent and payments of any Final Adjustment Surplus) to be made to the Securityholders following the Closing shall be made by the Parent, the Surviving Corporation or the Escrow Agent, as applicable.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(c)            Unexchanged Shares .  Any portion of the Aggregate Merger Consideration that remains unclaimed by the Securityholders twelve (12) months after the Effective Time shall be returned to Parent, upon demand at the discretion of Parent, and any Securityholder who has not exchanged Certificates or delivered Option Cancellation Agreements or Warrant Cancellation Agreements for the Aggregate Merger Consideration in accordance with this Section 2.10 prior to that time shall thereafter look only to Parent for payment of the Aggregate Merger Consideration; provided , that any such portion of the Aggregate Merger Consideration payable from the Escrow Funds shall be held and distributed to the Persons entitled thereto in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and the Escrow Agreement, at the respective times and subject to the contingencies specified herein and therein and any portion of any amounts payable under Section 2.13 to which the Securityholders may become entitled shall become payable at the times and subject to the contingencies specified herein. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Parent shall not be liable to any holder of Certificates, Options or Warrants for any amounts paid to a public official pursuant to applicable abandoned property, escheat or similar Applicable Laws. Any amounts remaining unclaimed by Securityholders two (2) years after the Effective Time (or such earlier date, immediately prior to such time when the amounts would otherwise escheat to or become property of any Governmental Authority) shall become, to the extent permitted by Applicable Law, the property of Parent free and clear of any claims or interest of any Person previously entitled thereto.

(d)            Dissenting Share Payments .  Parent shall make available any amounts to be paid to a Stockholder that is attributable to a Dissenting Share to pay the fair value of such Dissenting Share for which appraisal rights are perfected pursuant to Section 262 of the DGCL.  With respect to any amounts that are attributable to a Dissenting Share, such amounts shall be withheld by Parent for distribution to the holder thereof in accordance with Sections 2.6 only upon the withdrawal or loss of the right to appraisal pursuant to Section 262 of the DGCL and the delivery of a completed and duly executed Letter of Transmittal and all applicable Certificates for cancellation (or an affidavit of lost Certificate as contemplated by the Letter of Transmittal) to Parent, with respect to all Shares held by such Stockholder.  Any portion of the Aggregate Merger Consideration made available to any exchange agent in respect of any Dissenting Shares shall be returned to Parent, upon demand.

(e)             Lost Certificates .  If any Certificate shall have been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the delivery of an affidavit of loss and indemnity agreement by the holder thereof, the Surviving Corporation shall pay or cause to be paid in exchange for such lost, stolen or destroyed Certificate the relevant portion of the Aggregate Merger Consideration payable in respect thereof pursuant to Section 2.10(b) .

(f)             Transferees .  If any portion of the Agreement Merger Consideration is to be paid to a Person other than the Person in whose name the surrendered Certificate is registered, it shall be a condition to such payment that (i) such Certificate shall be properly endorsed or shall otherwise be in proper form for transfer, and (ii) the Person requesting such payment shall pay to any exchange agent any transfer or other Tax required as a result of such payment to a Person other than the registered holder of such Certificate or establish to the reasonable satisfaction of the exchange agent that such Tax has been paid or is not payable.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
2.11.        Closing Adjustment Amount .

(a)             No later than two (2) Business Days before the Closing Date, the Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered to Parent an estimated balance sheet of the Company and its Subsidiaries prepared as of 11:59 p.m. on the last Business Day prior to the Closing Date (except as otherwise contemplated by this Agreement) (the “ Estimated Closing Balance Sheet ”), which sets forth a good faith estimate of the following: (i) the amount of Cash (“ Estimated Cash ”), (ii) the amount of Debt outstanding (the “ Estimated Debt ”), (iii) the amount of Working Capital Surplus or Working Capital Deficiency (“ Estimated Working Capital Surplus ” or “ Estimated Working Capital Deficiency ,” respectively), and (iv) the amount of Company Transaction Costs that the Company proposes will be Paid Company Transaction Costs and any other Company Transaction Costs that, without limiting the effect of Section 2.10(a)(iii) , would otherwise be unpaid after giving effect to the Closing (the “ Estimated Company Transaction Costs ”) in each case, as of such time and date.  The Estimated Closing Balance Sheet shall be prepared by the Company in accordance with this Agreement and GAAP in a manner consistent with, and using the same principles, policies, methods and practices used in, the preparation of the Financial Statements; provided , that in the event of a conflict between GAAP and the preparation of the Financial Statements, GAAP shall prevail.

(b)             Contemporaneously with the delivery of the Estimated Closing Balance Sheet, the Company shall deliver to the Parent the Closing Capitalization Schedule in accordance with Section 5.16 .  The parties understand and agree that each Securityholder’s Applicable Percentage and Pro Rata Share has been calculated based upon the accuracy of the representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.2 and that, in the event the number of outstanding Shares or the number of outstanding Options, Warrants or other stock equivalents is greater or less than the amounts specifically set forth in Section 3.2 (including as a result of (i) any inaccuracy in the representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.2 or any inaccuracy in Company Disclosure Schedule 3.2 or the Closing Capitalization Schedule, (ii) the issuance or expiration after the date of this Agreement of options, warrants or other rights to purchase Shares, or (iii) any stock split, reverse stock split, stock dividend, including any dividend or distribution of securities convertible into stock or any stock equivalent of the Company, recapitalization, reclassification or other like change occurring after the date of this Agreement) each Securityholder’s Applicable Percentage and Pro Rata Share shall be appropriately adjusted.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, in no event shall the sum of the payments due and payable pursuant to this Article II exceed the Base Purchase Price, except to the extent the Aggregate Merger Consideration (disregarding for this purpose the Aggregate Option Exercise amount and the Aggregate Warrant Exercise Amount) exceeds the Base Purchase Price.  In no event will Parent or Merger Sub have any obligation or liability to any party hereto or any other Person in the event the sum of the payments due and payable pursuant to this Article II exceed the Base Purchase Price, except to the extent the Aggregate Merger Consideration (disregarding for this purpose the Aggregate Option Exercise amount and the Aggregate Warrant Exercise Amount) exceeds the Base Purchase Price.  In calculating the Applicable Percentage of Merger Consideration payable under this Article II , Parent shall be entitled to rely conclusively on the representations and warranties contained in Section 3.2 regarding the capital structure of the Company and the Closing Capitalization Schedule and in the event of any inconsistency between such representations and warranties and the Closing Capitalization Schedule, on the Closing Capitalization Schedule.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
2.12.        Final Adjustment Amount .

(a)             No later than ninety (90) days after the Closing Date, Parent shall cause the Surviving Corporation to prepare and deliver to the Representative a consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its Subsidiaries prepared as of 11:59 p.m. on the last Business Day prior to the Closing Date (except as otherwise contemplated by this Agreement) (the “ Closing Balance Sheet ”), which shall set forth the following:  (i) the amount of Cash (“ Closing Cash ”), (ii) the amount of Debt (“ Closing Debt ”), (iii) the components of Working Capital to enable Parent and the Representative (on behalf of the Securityholders) to calculate the amount of Working Capital (“ Closing Working Capital ”) and the amount of Working Capital Surplus or Working Capital Deficiency (“ Closing Working Capital Surplus ” or “ Closing Working Capital Deficiency ,” as the case may be), and (iv) the Company Transaction Costs that were not Paid Company Transaction Costs (the “ Closing Company Transaction Costs ”) in each case, as of such time and date.  The Closing Balance Sheet shall be prepared in accordance with this Agreement and GAAP in a manner consistent with, and using the same principles, policies, methods and practices used in, the preparation of the Financial Statements; provided that in the event of a conflict between GAAP and the preparation of the Financial Statement, GAAP shall prevail.  Following the delivery of the Closing Balance Sheet to the Representative, Parent and the Surviving Corporation shall afford the Representative and its representatives the opportunity to examine the Closing Balance Sheet, and such supporting schedules, analyses and other underlying records or documentation as are reasonably necessary and appropriate.  Parent and the Surviving Corporation shall reasonably cooperate with the Representative and its representatives in such examination, including providing answers to questions asked by the Representative and its representatives, and Parent and the Surviving Corporation shall promptly make available to the Representative and its representatives any records that are reasonably requested by the Representative and its representatives.

(b)             If within 30 days following delivery of the Closing Balance Sheet to the Representative, the Representative has not delivered to Parent written notice (the “ Objection Notice ”) of its objections to the Closing Balance Sheet (such Objection Notice must contain a statement describing in reasonable detail the basis of such objections), then the Closing Balance Sheet, Closing Cash, Closing Debt, Closing Working Capital, Closing Working Capital Surplus or Closing Working Capital Deficiency, as applicable, and Closing Company Transaction Costs as set forth in or derived from such Closing Balance Sheet shall be deemed final and conclusive and shall be the “ Final Balance Sheet ,” “ Final Cash ,” “ Final Debt ,” “ Final Working Capital ”, “ Final Working Capital Surplus ” or “ Final Working Capital Deficiency ,” and “ Final Company Transaction Costs ” respectively.  If the Representative delivers the Objection Notice within such 30-day period, then Parent and the Representative shall endeavor in good faith to resolve the objections, for a period not to exceed 15 days from the date of delivery of the Objection Notice.  If at the end of the 15-day period there are any objections that remain in dispute, then the remaining objections in dispute shall be submitted for resolution to an accounting firm to be selected jointly by the Representative and Parent within the following five days or, if the Representative and Parent are unable to mutually agree within such five-day period, such accounting firm shall be a mutually agreed upon, nationally recognized accounting firm (such jointly selected accounting firm, the “ Referee ”).  The Referee shall determine any unresolved items of the Final Balance Sheet, Final Cash, Final Debt, Final Working Capital and Final Working Capital Surplus or Final Working Capital Deficiency within 30 days after the objections that remain in dispute are submitted to it.  If any objections are submitted to the Referee for resolution, (i) each party shall furnish to the Referee such workpapers and other documents and information relating to such objections as the Referee may request and are available to that party or its Subsidiaries (or its independent public accountants) and will be afforded the opportunity to present to the Referee any material relating to the determination of the matters in dispute and to discuss such determination with the Referee; (ii) to the extent that a value has been assigned to any objection that remains in dispute, the Referee shall not assign a value to such objection that is greater than the greatest value for such objection claimed by either party or less than the smallest value for such objection claimed by either party; (iii) the determination by the Referee of Final Cash, Final Debt, Final Working Capital, Final Working Capital Surplus or Final Working Capital Deficiency and Final Company Transaction Costs, as set forth in a written notice delivered to both parties and the Escrow Agent by the Referee, shall be made in accordance with this Agreement and shall be binding and conclusive on the parties and shall constitute an arbitral award that is final, binding and unappealable and upon which a judgment may be entered by a court having jurisdiction thereof; and (iv) the fees and expenses of the Referee shall be paid by the Parent and the Securityholders in inverse proportion as they may prevail on the merits (with the amount payable by the Securityholders to be paid out of any remaining amounts in the Working Capital Escrow or the Representative Holdback).
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(c)            To the extent that the Final Adjustment Amount minus the Closing Adjustment Amount is a positive number, such excess (the “ Final Adjustment Surplus ”) shall be paid by Parent via wire transfer of immediately available funds within five days of the determination of the Final Adjustment Amount to the Securityholders in accordance with their Applicable Percentages.  To the extent that the Final Adjustment Amount minus the Closing Adjustment Amount is a negative number, the absolute value of such deficiency (the “ Final Adjustment Deficiency ”) shall be distributed to Parent from the Working Capital Escrow Amount; provided , however , that if the Surviving Corporation fails to deliver to the Representative the Closing Balance Sheet no later than 90 days after the Closing Date, then any Final Adjustment Deficiency shall be deemed to be zero and no amounts shall be distributed to Parent from the Working Capital Escrow Account pursuant to this Section 2.12(c) .  In the event the Working Capital Escrow Amount is insufficient to pay the entire Final Adjustment Deficiency, Parent may, in its discretion, deliver a written notice to the Escrow Agent and the Representative specifying the amount of such deficiency, and the Escrow Agent shall pay such amount out of the Working Capital Escrow Account and, thereafter, at the sole option of Parent, from the Escrow Amount, to Parent in accordance with the terms of the Escrow Agreement.  No failure on the part of Parent to deliver a notice as specified in the immediately preceding sentence shall relieve the Securityholders of the obligation to pay the amount of the Final Adjustment Deficiency to Parent.  In the event the amount of funds in the Working Capital Escrow Amount exceeds the Final Adjustment Deficiency, then the Escrow Agent, after paying the Final Adjustment Deficiency to Parent as provided herein, shall promptly (but in any event, within five (5) Business Days) pay any remaining amounts in the Working Capital Escrow Amount to the Securityholders in accordance with their respective Applicable Percentages.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
2.13.        Escrow .

(a)             Escrow Amount .  On or prior to the Closing, (i) the Representative, Parent and the Escrow Agent shall enter into the Escrow Agreement, and (ii) an amount equal to [***] (the “ Escrow Amount ”) shall be deposited in escrow at Closing pursuant to Section 2.10(a)(ii) and shall be held in escrow pursuant to the terms of this Agreement and the Escrow Agreement.  On the first anniversary of the Closing Date, the parties shall cause the Escrow Agent, pursuant to the Escrow Agreement, to promptly (but in any event, within five (5) Business Days after the first anniversary of the Closing) release and deliver to the Securityholders (in accordance with Section 2.10(a)) an amount equal to [***] (the “ First Period Escrow Amount ”) less the amount of pending or disputed indemnification claims of Parent Indemnified Persons in compliance with the requirements of Article VIII and the aggregate amount of any releases from the Escrow Account, if any, for claims prior to such first anniversary date.  The amount of the First Period Escrow Amount subject to such pending or disputed indemnification claims of Parent Indemnified Persons made before the first anniversary of the Closing Date shall remain in the Escrow Fund until such time such portion of the First Period Escrow Amount is no longer subject to pending or disputed indemnification claims of Parent Indemnified Persons, at which time the parties shall cause the Escrow Agent, pursuant to the Escrow Agreement, to promptly (but in any event, within five (5) Business Days) release and deliver to the Securityholders (in accordance with Section 2.10(a)) such amount. On midnight, Pacific Time on the date that is the eighteen month anniversary of the Closing Date (for example, if the Closing Date was June 15, 2016, then the date would be December 15 th , 2017) (the “ Escrow Termination Date ”) the parties shall cause the Escrow Agent, pursuant to the Escrow Agreement, to promptly (but in any event, within five (5) Business Days) release and deliver to the Stockholders the remaining amounts held in the Escrow Fund less the amount subject to pending or disputed indemnification claims of Parent Indemnified Persons , and where such claims are in compliance with the requirements of Article VIII .  On the Escrow Termination Date, the Escrow Fund will terminate except with respect to any amount that is reasonably necessary (based on the facts and circumstances existing at the time) to satisfy any unsatisfied (including pending) claims for Losses specified in any Officer’s Certificate delivered by Parent Indemnified Persons to the Escrow Agent and the Representative on or prior to the Escrow Termination Date, and in accordance with the provisions of Article VIII .  As soon as all such claims have been resolved, the Escrow Agent shall immediately deliver to the Securityholders (in accordance with Section 2.10(a)) the remaining portion of the Escrow Amount, if any, not required to satisfy such claims pursuant to the Escrow Agreement. Deliveries from the Escrow Fund to the Stockholders pursuant to this Agreement and the Escrow Agreement shall be made in proportion to the Securityholders’ respective Applicable Percentage of the remaining Escrow Amount as set forth in Exhibit C , and in the Escrow Agreement, with each amount rounded to the nearest whole cent ($0.01).

(b)             Working Capital Escrow .  On or prior to the Closing, pursuant to the Escrow Agreement, an amount equal to the Working Capital Escrow Amount shall be deposited in an escrow (separate from the Escrow Amount) at Closing pursuant to Section 2.10(a)(ii) and shall be held in escrow pursuant to the terms of Section 2.12 hereof and the Escrow Agreement.  The Working Capital Escrow Amount shall be used, held and disbursed solely pursuant to Section 2.12 and shall not be used for any other purpose.

(c)             Instructions to Escrow Agent .

(i)             The Representative and Parent covenant and agree to jointly instruct the Escrow Agent in writing promptly (within five (5) Business Days) after the determination of the Final Adjustment Amount to make any disbursements required by Section 2.12(c) .
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(ii)            Subject to Section 8.4(c) , the Representative covenants and agrees that at any time a Parent Indemnified Person is indemnified for Parent Indemnification Claims under Article VIII , including if requested by Parent, the Representative shall promptly execute and deliver to the Escrow Agent joint written instructions with Parent to release to the Parent Indemnified Person such portion of the Escrow Amount as is necessary to satisfy the Securityholders’ indemnification obligations for Parent Indemnification Claims under Article VIII .

2.14.         Representative Holdback .  The amount of [***] (the “ Representative Holdback ”) shall be paid at Closing pursuant to Section 2.10(a)(iv) to an account maintained for the benefit of the Securityholders, and shall be held, used and disbursed by or at the direction of the Representative in accordance with Article X .

2.15.         Withholding .  Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, Parent and Surviving Corporation and its Subsidiaries shall be entitled to deduct and withhold, or cause to be deducted and withheld, from any amounts payable or otherwise deliverable pursuant to this Agreement or in connection with the re-allocation of Shares under Non-Company Warrants such amounts as are required to be withheld with respect to the making of such payment under any provision of U.S. federal, state, local, or other Tax Law, and to request any necessary Tax forms, including Form W-9 or the appropriate series of Form W-8, as applicable, or any similar information for the purpose of determining whether such withholding is required.  In such event, Parent shall notify the Representative of its intention to deduct or withhold and the Parties shall cooperate in good faith to minimize to the extent permissible under Applicable Law the amount of any such deduction or withholding, including by providing any certificates or forms that are reasonably requested to establish an exemption from (or reduction in) any deduction or withholding; provided that nothing in this sentence shall require Parent to incur any expense or take any tax position with which it in good faith disagrees.  To the extent that amounts are so withheld, such withheld amounts shall be treated for all purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to the Person to whom such amounts would otherwise have been paid.

ARTICLE III
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY

Except as set forth on the Company Disclosure Schedule, the Company represents and warrants to Parent and Merger Sub as follows:

3.1.           Organizational Matters .

(a)             Organization, Standing and Power to Conduct Business .  The Company is a corporation duly incorporated, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware; has the requisite power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business as now being conducted; and is duly qualified and in good standing to do business in each jurisdiction in which the nature of its business or the ownership or leasing of its properties makes such qualification necessary, except for any such failures that would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to be material to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(b)            Charter Documents .  True and correct copies of the Company Certificate of Incorporation and the Company Bylaws and the respective certificates of incorporation, bylaws, limited liability company agreements or other comparable organizational documents of the Subsidiaries of the Company, as amended and as in effect on the date of this Agreement and immediately prior to the Closing (the “ Company Governing Documents ”), have been furnished or made available to Parent or its representatives.  Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is in violation of, or in default under, any of the provisions of its respective Company Governing Documents, including any failure to comply and satisfy any anti-dilution rights of securities having such rights.

(c)             Subsidiaries Company Disclosure Schedule 3.1(c) sets forth a complete list of each Subsidiary of the Company and the jurisdiction of incorporation of each Subsidiary.  Each Subsidiary of the Company is duly incorporated, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization; has the requisite power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business as now being conducted; and is duly qualified and in good standing to do business in each jurisdiction in which the nature of its business or the ownership or leasing of its properties makes such qualification necessary, except for any such failures that would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to be material to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.  The Company directly or indirectly owns 100% of the capital stock or other equity interests or ownership interests of each of its Subsidiaries free and clear of all Liens other than Permitted Encumbrances.  There are no outstanding securities of the Company’s Subsidiaries convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for capital stock or other equity interests or ownership interests in the Company or any of the Company’s Subsidiaries, or options, warrants or other rights to acquire capital stock or other equity interests or ownership interests in the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

3.2.          Capital Structure .

(a)             Company Disclosure Schedule 3.2(a)(i) sets forth a complete and accurate list of all record and beneficial owners of the issued and outstanding capital stock of the Company.  As of the date of this Agreement, the authorized capital stock of the Company consists of [***].  All Shares are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.  Company Disclosure Schedule 3.2(a)(ii) sets forth, for each Subsidiary of the Company, a complete and accurate list of its authorized capital stock or other equity or ownership interests and the record and beneficial holders of its outstanding capital stock or other equity or ownership interests.

(b)             Company Disclosure Schedule 3.2(b) sets forth a complete and accurate list of each Option, including the name of the holder of such Option, date of grant, expiration date, exercise price, number of Shares subject thereto and the vesting schedule thereof.  All Options were issued under the Company Stock Plan.  The Company has furnished to the Parent true and complete copies of the Company Stock Plan and true and complete copies of all stock option agreements evidencing Options.  The Company has outstanding warrants (each, a “ Warrant ”; for the avoidance of doubt, “Warrant” shall not include any Non-Company Warrant) for the purchase of an aggregate of [***] shares of Series Seed Preferred Stock.  Company Disclosure Schedule 3.2(b)(ii)   sets forth the names of all Persons holding each such Warrant, together with the number of Warrants thus held, the number of Shares under the Warrant, and the relevant exercise price(s), vesting date(s) and number of Warrants vesting on each such date, and expiration date(s) thereof, as applicable. All such Options and Warrants have been offered, issued and delivered by the Company in all material respects in compliance with all Applicable Laws and in compliance with all pre-emptive or similar rights.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(c)             Except as set forth above, as of the date of this Agreement and as of the Closing Date, there are not outstanding (i) any shares of capital stock or other voting securities of the Company; (ii) any securities of the Company convertible into, or exchangeable or exercisable for, shares of capital stock or other voting securities of the Company; nor (iii) any options, warrants, calls, rights, commitments, shareholder agreements, voting agreements or other agreements to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound, in any case obligating the Company to issue, deliver, sell, purchase, redeem or acquire, or cause to be issued, delivered, sold, purchased, redeemed or acquired, shares of capital stock or other voting securities of the Company, or obligating the Company to grant, extend or enter into any such option, warrant, call, right, commitment or agreement.  Each outstanding Share or other equity or ownership interest of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries is duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.  There are no phantom stock interests, stock appreciation rights or similar contractual entitlements to the profits of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries outstanding.  All of the aforesaid shares or other equity or ownership interests have been offered, sold and delivered by the Company or a Subsidiary in material compliance with all applicable federal and state securities laws and in compliance with all pre-emptive or similar rights.

(d)            Except as set forth in the Company Governing Documents or Company Disclosure Schedule 3.2(d) , there are no voting trusts, proxies, or other agreements or understandings with respect to the voting of Shares, nor are there any agreements to which the Company is a party relating to the registration, sale or transfer (including agreements relating to rights of first refusal, co sale rights or “drag along” rights) of any of any Shares, Options or Warrants.

(e)             The Closing Capitalization Schedule will, when delivered, be correct.

3.3.           Authority and Due Execution .  The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party and to perform its obligations hereunder and thereunder and to consummate the transactions contemplated herein and therein.  Upon the receipt of the Stockholder Approval, as contemplated herein, the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents by the Company and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated herein or therein will have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of the Company.  The Stockholder Approval is the only vote or consent of the holders of any class or series of the Company’s capital stock required to adopt this Agreement and approve the Transaction Documents, approve the Merger and consummate the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby.  This Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents to which the Company is or will be a party has been, or upon execution and delivery thereof will be, duly and validly executed and delivered by the Company and, assuming that this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which the Company is a party constitute the valid and binding agreement of the other parties hereto and thereto (subject to the exceptions in (a) and (b) immediately below), constitute, or upon execution and delivery will constitute, the valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their respective terms and conditions, except that the enforcement hereof and thereof may be limited by (a) applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent conveyance or other similar laws now or hereafter in effect relating to creditors’ rights generally and (b) general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforceability is considered in a proceeding at law or in equity).  The board of directors of the Company, via unanimous written consent, duly and unanimously adopted resolutions (i) determining that the terms of this Agreement, the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby are fair to, and in the best interests of, the Stockholders, (ii) approving and declaring advisable this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Merger, (iii) directing that this Agreement be submitted to the Stockholders for adoption and (iv) resolving to recommend that the Stockholders vote in favor of the adoption of this Agreement and the approval of the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Merger, which resolutions have not been subsequently rescinded, modified or withdrawn in any way.
 
32

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
3.4.           Non-Contravention and Consents .

(a)             Non-Contravention .  The execution and delivery of this Agreement and each other Transaction Document does not, and the performance of this Agreement and each other Transaction Document will not:  (i) conflict with or violate the Company Certificate of Incorporation or Company Bylaws, or the respective certificate of incorporation, bylaws, limited liability company agreement or other similar organizational documents of its Subsidiaries; (ii) conflict with or violate any Applicable Law; (iii) result in any breach of or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a breach or default) under, require any consent of any Person pursuant to, or give to others any rights of termination, acceleration or cancellation of, or loss of benefits under any Material Contract; (iv) give others any right of termination, amendment, modification, acceleration or cancellation of, or allow the imposition of fees or penalties; (v) materially impair the rights of the Company or alter materially the rights or obligations of any third party under; or (vi) result in the creation of a Lien on any of the properties or assets of the Company pursuant to, any Material Contract; except, with respect to each of clauses (iii) through (iv) above, such matters which (x) are set forth on Company Disclosure Schedule 3.4 or (y) would not be material to the Company or its Subsidiaries.

(b)             Contractual Consents .  Except as set forth in Company Disclosure Schedule 3.4(b) , no Consent under any Material Contract is required to be obtained in connection with the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement or any other Transaction Document by the Company or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby.

(c)             Governmental Consents .  No Consent of any Governmental Authority is required to be obtained or made by the Company in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement or any other Transaction Document or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, except for (i) the filing of a Certificate of Merger with the Secretary of State of Delaware and (ii) such other Consents, the failure of which to be obtained or made would not be material to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(d)            State Takeover Laws .  No “fair price,” “interested shareholder,” “business combination” or similar provision of any state takeover law is, or at the Effective Time will be, applicable to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the Transaction Documents.

3.5.           Financial Statements .

(a)             Financial Statements .  Attached hereto in Company Disclosure Schedule 3.5(a) are true, correct and complete copies of (i) the audited consolidated financial statements (consisting of a balance sheet, statement of income and statement of cash flows) of the Company and its Subsidiaries for the years ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015   and (ii) the Company’s unaudited consolidated financial statements (consisting of a monthly balance sheets, statements of income and statement of cash flows) of the Company and its Subsidiaries for each month of the five-month period ended May 31, 2016 (collectively, the “ Financial Statements ”).  The Financial Statements were prepared in accordance with GAAP consistently applied and in accordance with historic past practices throughout the periods involved and fairly present in all material respects the consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of the dates and for the periods indicated therein, in accordance with GAAP (except that the unaudited Financial Statements do not contain all notes required by GAAP to the extent disclosed on Schedule 3.5(a) and are subject to normal year-end adjustments which are not, individually or in the aggregate, material).

(b)             Absence of Liabilities .  The Company and its Subsidiaries have no liability, contingent or otherwise, or obligation whether or not of the nature required to be disclosed in a balance sheet prepared in accordance with GAAP, except for (i) liabilities to the extent included as liabilities or shown as a reserve in the Financial Statements, (ii) liabilities incurred in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practices of the Company since the date of the most recent Financial Statements; or (iii) liabilities for fees and expenses incurred in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to the extent they are Paid Company Transaction Costs.

3.6.           Litigation .  Except as set forth on Company Disclosure Schedule 3.6(a) , there is no action, suit, judicial or administrative proceeding, grievance or arbitration pending or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened against (i) the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (ii) any material property or material asset of the Company, (iii) any officer or director of the Company arising out of the fact that such Person is an officer or director of the Company or (iv) the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.  There are no outstanding orders, writs, injunctions or decrees or, to the Company’s Knowledge, reviews or investigations relating to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries pending or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened by or before any arbitrator or any Governmental Authority.  There is no action, suit, judicial or administrative proceeding, grievance or arbitration that the Company or any of its Subsidiaries intends to initiate, commence or file.  Company Disclosure Schedule 3.6(b) also sets forth a complete and correct list and description of all material actions, suits, judicial or administrative proceeding, grievance or arbitration filing made, filed or otherwise initiated in connection with the Company that have been resolved since January 1, 2012, and the resolution thereof.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
3.7.           Taxes .

(a)             All Taxes imposed on the Company and its Subsidiaries have been fully paid, whether or not shown on Tax Returns.  The Company and its Subsidiaries have duly complied with all material withholding Tax and Tax deposit requirements imposed on them.  All Tax Returns required to be filed by or with respect to the Company and its Subsidiaries have been duly and timely filed with the appropriate Governmental Authority (other than Tax Returns for which timely extensions have been filed, granted and have not expired) and all such Tax Returns are correct and complete in all material respects.  True, correct and complete copies of all filed federal Tax Returns for the Company and its Subsidiaries with respect to taxable years commencing on or after January 1, 2011 have been delivered or made available to representatives of Parent.

(b)             No claim has been made by any taxing authority in any jurisdiction where the Company or any of its Subsidiaries does not file Tax Returns that it is or may be subject to Tax by that jurisdiction.  There is no audit, litigation or other proceeding with respect to Taxes (each, a “ Tax Proceeding ”) pending against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and no assessment, deficiency or adjustment for Taxes has been asserted by any Governmental Authority against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries that has not been finally resolved and satisfied.

(c)             There is not in force any waiver or agreement for any extension of time for the assessment or payment of any material Tax of or with respect to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.  Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to or bound by any closing agreement, offer in compromise or any other agreement with any taxing authority.

(d)             Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is, or ever has been, a member of a Consolidated Group (other than a group which includes only the Company and its Subsidiaries).  Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has any liability for the Taxes of any Person (other than the Company or any of its Subsidiaries) under Treasury Regulations Section 1.1502-6 (or any similar provision of state, local or foreign Applicable Laws).

(e)             There are no Liens (other than statutory Liens for Taxes that are not yet due and payable) with respect to any asset of the Company or any Subsidiary that arose in connection with any failure (or alleged failure) to pay any Tax.

(f)              Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has at all times used the accrual method of accounting for income Tax purposes.

(g)             Company Disclosure Schedule 3.7(g) sets forth all foreign jurisdictions in which the Company and its Subsidiaries are subject to Tax, are engaged in business or have a permanent establishment.  Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has entered into a gain recognition agreement pursuant to Treas. Reg. § 1.367(a) 8.  Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has transferred an intangible the transfer of which would be subject to the rules of Section 367(d) of the Code.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(h)             Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries will be required to include any item of income in, or exclude any item of deduction from, taxable income for any period beginning after the Closing Date as a result of (i) an adjustment under Section 481(a) of the Code (or any corresponding or similar provision of state, local or foreign Tax Applicable Laws) by reason of a change in method of accounting, or otherwise, prior to the Closing Date for a Pre-Closing Period, (ii) the installment method of accounting, the completed contract method of accounting, or the cash method of accounting with respect to a transaction that occurred prior to the Closing Date, (iii) an election made pursuant to Section 108(i) of the Code (or any corresponding or similar provision of state, local or foreign Applicable Laws) prior to the Closing Date, (iv) any inclusion under Section 956 of the Code for the taxable year of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries with respect to any loan, debt or other investment or transaction entered into before the Closing Date, or (v) any “closing agreement” as described in section 7121 of the Code (or any corresponding or similar provision of state, local or foreign Applicable Laws) executed prior to the Closing Date.

(i)              Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has engaged in a transaction that constitutes a “reportable transaction” as defined in Treasury Regulation Section 1.6011-4(b).

(j)              Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to a Tax sharing, indemnity, allocation or similar agreement.  No power of attorney granted by or with respect to the Company or any Subsidiary relating to Taxes is currently in force.

(k)             Neither the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has constituted either a “distributing corporation” or a “controlled corporation” in a distribution of stock intended to qualify for tax-free treatment under Section 355 of the Code (i) in the two years prior to the date of this Agreement or (ii) in a distribution that could otherwise constitute part of a “plan” or “series of related transactions” (within the meaning of Section 355(e) of the Code) in conjunction with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

(l)              None of the Company’s non-U.S. Subsidiaries has recognized any amount of Subpart F income as defined in Section 952 of the Code during a taxable year of such Subsidiary that includes but does not end on the Closing Date.

(m)            All information in the possession of the Company and its Subsidiaries relating to the Company’s and/or its Subsidiaries’ compliance with transfer pricing Laws during the past three years has been delivered or made available to representatives of the Parent.

(n)             Since December 31, 2015, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries have made, changed or rescinded any Tax election, amended any Tax Return or taken any position on any Tax Return, taken any action, omitted to take any action or entered into any other transaction that would have the effect of increasing the Tax liability or reducing any Tax assets in respect of any Tax period following the Closing.

(o)             Notwithstanding any other representations and warranties in this Agreement, the representations and warranties in this Section 3.7 and Section 3.14 are the only representations and warranties in this Agreement with respect to the Tax matters of the Company and its Subsidiaries and the Company makes no representation or warranty with respect to the existence, availability, amount, usability or limitations (or lack thereof) of any net operating loss, net operating loss carryforward, capital loss, capital loss carryforward, basis amount or other Tax attribute (whether federal, state, local or foreign) of the Company or any Subsidiary after the Closing Date.
 
36

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
3.8.           Title to, Sufficiency and Condition of Property and Assets .

(a)             The Company and its Subsidiaries have good, valid and marketable title to, or valid leasehold interests in, all of the material Personal Property used or held for use in its business, including any Personal Property reflected in the Financial Statements.

(b)             The Personal Property has been maintained in all respects with generally accepted industry practice, is in good operating condition and repair (subject to ordinary wear and tear) and is available for immediate use in the business and operation of the Company and its Subsidiaries as presently conducted.  The Personal Property constitutes all of the assets necessary for the Company and its Subsidiaries to carry on their respective businesses as currently conducted.  None of the Personal Property is subject to any Liens, other than Permitted Encumbrances.

(c)             Set forth on Company Disclosure Schedule 3.8(c) is a correct and complete list of the street address of each parcel of Leased Real Property and the identity of the lessor, lessee and current occupant (if different from the lessee) of each such parcel of Leased Real Property.  Each Leased Real Property is a valid and binding obligation of the Company or one of its Subsidiaries and (subject to any of such leases being terminated in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practices of the Company or its Subsidiaries and in accordance with the terms thereof) is in full force and effect.  Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is in default under any lease set forth on Company Disclosure Schedule 3.8(c) .  The Company has furnished or made available to Parent complete and correct copies of all leases and documents relating thereto, including any amendments thereto and any assignments thereof.  Each lease, sublease or similar agreement is true, accurate and complete, has not been modified, altered, terminated or revoked, is in full force and effect, and no default, breach, violation or non-compliance exists with respect thereto, and no event has occurred and no condition or state of facts which would constitute such default, breach, violation or noncompliance.  To the Company’s Knowledge, no event or circumstance has occurred that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute an event of default under any Leased Real Property lease or result in a termination thereof or would cause or permit the acceleration or other changes of any right or obligation or the loss of any benefit thereunder.

(d)             The Company does not own, and has never owned, any real property.
 
37

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
3.9.           Intellectual Property .

(a)             Set forth on Company Disclosure Schedule 3.9(a) is a list of all registered or government-issued Owned Intellectual Property, including any applications for registration or issuance thereof (“ Registered IP ”) and all material unregistered copyrights and trademarks.  All registrations, maintenance and renewal fees finally due before the Closing Date and required to maintain the Company’s ownership of the Registered IP have been paid to the relevant Governmental Authority.  In the last twelve (12) months, no Registered IP has been abandoned (except in the ordinary course of business), canceled or adjudicated invalid, or is subject to any outstanding order, judgment, stipulation or decree restricting its use or adversely affecting or reflecting the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ rights thereto.  Neither the Company nor its Subsidiaries have taken any action that would materially impair or otherwise materially adversely affect the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ rights in Registered IP.  The Company solely owns free and clear of any Liens (other than Permitted Encumbrances) all Owned Intellectual Property used in the operations of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries as currently conducted, including all Intellectual Property set forth on Company Disclosure Schedule 3.9(a) .

(b)             The Company either (i) solely owns or (ii) has the license or right to use all Intellectual Property used in the operations of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries as currently conducted.  Except as would not be material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, no third party is in default of any obligation under any license agreement granting such third party a right to use the Owned Intellectual Property.  The Intellectual Property set forth on Company Disclosure Schedule 3.9(a) is valid, subsisting and enforceable.  The completion of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement will not alter or impair the ownership or right of the Company or its Subsidiaries to use any of the Owned Intellectual Property or Licensed Intellectual Property.  The Owned Intellectual Property and Licensed Intellectual Property constitute all Intellectual Property necessary to operate the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries as currently conducted. The Company has not received a written notice from any third Person pursuant to which such third Person claims to own any Company Intellectual Property .

(c)             To the Company’s Knowledge, the business of the Company, as currently conducted, has not infringed and does not infringe or misappropriate the Intellectual Property of any third party.  No third party has asserted against the Company a claim or allegation (including invitations to license) in writing that the Company is infringing, has infringed or misappropriated any Intellectual Property of such third party. To the Company’s Knowledge, no third party has infringed, misappropriated or is infringing or misappropriating any of the Intellectual Property owned by the Company.  There are no pending or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened (i) interferences, reexaminations, oppositions, or cancellation proceedings involving any Owned Intellectual Property or (ii) proceedings contesting the validity, ownership or right to use, sell, license, distribute, or dispose of the Owned Intellectual Property.

(d)             The Company has taken reasonable measures to protect the confidentiality of the Trade Secrets used in the operations of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries as currently conducted, including but not limited to entering into Contracts with all current employees that have conceived, invented, reduced to practice, authored or otherwise created Trade Secrets that are material to the operations of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries as currently conducted.  All Intellectual Property developed by or for the Company and its Subsidiaries was conceived, invented, reduced to practice, authored or otherwise created solely by either employees of the Company or its Subsidiaries acting within the scope of their employment, or independent contractors of the Company or its Subsidiaries pursuant to agreements containing an assignment of Intellectual Property to the Company or its Subsidiaries.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(e)             Except as disclosed in Company Disclosure Schedule 3.9(e) (showing in each case the governing license), the software in the Owned Intellectual Property, including the Company’s platform and portal marketed under the “Shipping Easy” brand, do not contain and are not distributed with any Open Source Software, and no Open Source Software has been incorporated into any software in the Owned Intellectual Property used by the Company or its Subsidiaries that would in any way obligate the Company or its Subsidiaries to:  (i) disclose to any third party the source code for any such Owned Intellectual Property; (ii) permit any third party the right to make derivative works based upon any such Owned Intellectual Property; or (iii) permit any third party to redistribute any such Owned Intellectual Property at no or minimal charge.

(f)             The software in the Owned Intellectual Property (i) is not subject to any legal or contractual restriction that would prevent the Company Products from being licensed, sublicensed, marketed, modified or otherwise used or sold by the Company without restriction, and without any payment or other obligation to any other Person, and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement will not alter any of the rights described in this subsection (i) , (ii) conforms in all material respects to all published feature lists provided by the Company to customers of such Company Products and all warranties or other contractual commitments made by the Company in connection therewith, and (iii) is distributed to customers pursuant to the terms of agreements that provide that the Company retains title to the Company Intellectual Property incorporated into the Company Products.

(g)             No Owned Intellectual Property is subject to any agreement with any Person pursuant to which the Company or its Subsidiaries has, or could be required to deposit into escrow, the source code of such Owned Intellectual Property or pursuant to which access to such source code is or would be granted to a Person.  To the Company’s Knowledge, there has been no unauthorized disclosure of any of such source code.

(h)             The Company or its Subsidiaries, as the case may be, owns or has rights to access and use all electronic data processing, production systems and servers supporting customer transactions, information, record keeping, communications, telecommunications, account management, inventory management and other computer systems used in connection with the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries as currently conducted (the “ IT Systems ”).  The Company and its Subsidiaries have taken reasonable steps in accordance with industry standards to (i) secure the IT Systems owned by the Company or its Subsidiaries (“ Owned IT Systems ”) from unauthorized access or use by any Person, and to (ii) facilitate the continued, uninterrupted and error-free operation of the Owned IT Systems.  No capital expenditures are necessary with respect to the Owned IT Systems other than capital expenditures in the ordinary course of business that are consistent with the past practice of the Company and its Subsidiaries.

(i)              There has not been any material malfunction with respect to any of the Owned IT Systems since January 1, 2014, that has not been remedied or replaced in all material respects.

(j)              No Owned Intellectual Property has been developed by the Company under or in connection with any Contract with a Governmental Authority.
 
39

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(k)             The Company has required and obtained, and uses reasonable efforts to enforce, each current and former employee and individual independent contractor of the Company who is involved in the development of Intellectual Property that is included in a Company Product to execute one or more agreements with provisions relating to the protection of the Company’s confidential information and the sole ownership by the Company of all Intellectual Property developed within the scope of the individual’s employment or independent contractor relationship with the Company. The Company has obtained sole ownership of all works of authorship and inventions developed with the funding or facilities or other resources of the Company made by its Employees or individual independent contractors within the scope of the individual’s employment or independent contractor relationship with the Company.

(l)              Notwithstanding any other representation and warranties in this Agreement, the representations and warranties in this Section 3.9 are the only representations and warranties in this Agreement with respect to the Intellectual Property of the Company.

3.10.        Major Customers and Suppliers .

(a)             Company Disclosure Schedule 3.10(a) contains a list of the top twenty customers of the Company, based on the amount of revenue attributable to such customers during the 12-month period ended March 31, 2016 (each, a “ Major Customer ”).  The Company is not engaged in any dispute with any Major Customer and, to the Company’s Knowledge, no Major Customer has:  (i) threatened to cancel or otherwise terminate, or intends to cancel or otherwise terminate, any relationships with the Company or its Subsidiaries, (ii) decreased materially or threatened to stop, decrease or limit materially, or intends to modify materially its relationships with the Company or its Subsidiaries, or (iii) intends to refuse to pay any amount due to the Company or its Subsidiaries or seeks to exercise any remedy against the Company or its Subsidiaries.  Each of the Company and, to the Company’s Knowledge, each other party to any Contract with any Major Customer is in compliance with the terms thereof, and the Company has not received any written notice, and does not otherwise have knowledge of any breach or potential breach, on the part of the Company, or to the Company’s knowledge, any other party to any Contract with such Major Customer.

(b)             Company Disclosure Schedule 3.10(b) contains a list of the top 10 suppliers of the Company, based on invoices from such suppliers during the 12-month period ended March 31, 2016 (each, a “ Major Supplier ”).  The Company is not engaged in any dispute with any Major Supplier and, to the Company’s Knowledge, no Major Supplier has or intends to change the price of any suppliers or services provided by such Major Supplier other than in the ordinary course of business, or will not continue to sell supplies or services to the Company and its Subsidiaries on terms and conditions substantially the same as those used in its current sales to the Company and its Subsidiaries.  Each of the Company and, to the Company’s Knowledge, each other party to any Contract with any Major Supplier is in compliance with the terms thereof, and the Company has not received any written notice, and does not otherwise have knowledge of any breach or potential breach, on the part of the Company, or to the Company’s knowledge, any other party to any Contract with such Major Supplier.
 
40

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
3.11.        Compliance; Permits .

(a)             Compliance .  The Company and its Subsidiaries are and at all times within the past three (3) years have been in compliance in all material respects with all Applicable Laws.  None of the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of its and their executive officers has received during the past three years, nor is there any basis for, any notice, order, complaint or other communication from any Governmental Authority or any other Person that the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is not in compliance in any material respect with any Applicable Laws.

(b)             Permits .  Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries holds, to the extent required by Applicable Law, all franchises, permits, certificates, licenses, consents, filings, sanctions, registrations, variances, exemptions, orders, authorizations and approvals from, and has made all declarations and filings with, all Governmental Authorities including those listed on Company Disclosure Schedule 3.11(b) (the “ Company Permits ”) to own, lease and operate the Leased Real Property, to own or use its material assets and to carry on its business as presently conducted.  Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries is and has been in compliance in all material respects with the Company Permits.  No suspension or cancellation of any such Company Permit is pending or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened.  Each such Company Permit is valid and in full force and effect and the Company and its Subsidiaries will continue to have the use and benefit of all Company Permits following the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby. No cancellation or suspension of any such Company Permit is pending, or to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened.  There are no orders binding upon the Company or by which the Company is subject to or operating under.  The Company has not received at any time within the past three (3) years any written notice or other written communication, or to the Company’s Knowledge, any other notice from any Governmental Authority or any other Person regarding any actual, alleged or potential violation of, or failure to comply with, any Company Permit, any actual or threatened revocation, withdrawal, suspension, cancellation, termination or modification of any Company Permit, or any actual, alleged or potential obligation on the part of the Company to undertake, or to bear all or any portion of the cost of, any material remedial action of any nature.

3.12.        Brokers’ and Finders’ Fees .  Other than the fees payable to Navidar Holdco LLC, the Company has not incurred, nor will it incur, directly or indirectly, any obligation or liability for brokerage or finders’ fees or agents’ commissions or any similar charges in connection with this Agreement or any other Transaction Document to which the Company is a party or any transaction contemplated hereby or thereby.

3.13.        Employment Matters .

(a)             With respect to the Company and its Subsidiaries, there are no, nor have there been in the past five years any, strikes, boycotts, picketing, walkouts, sit-ins, sick-outs, slowdowns, stoppages, or any other comparable forms of organized labor disruptions, nor are any pending or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.  Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any union contract or collective bargaining agreement, nor, to the Company’s Knowledge, is any such Contract currently in effect or being negotiated by or on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.  To the Company’s Knowledge, no union-organizing activities have taken place within the last three years or are taking place presently with respect to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
 
41

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(b)             Each person or entity classified by the Company or any Subsidiary as an “independent contractor,” consultant, volunteer, subcontractor, “temp,” leased employee, or other contingent worker is and has always been properly classified under all governing law, and the Company has fully and accurately reported all payments to all independent contractors and other contingent workers on IRS Form 1099s or as otherwise required by applicable laws.
 
(c)             The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance as of the date of this Agreement and as of the Closing Date, and have been in material compliance during the past three years, with all Applicable Laws relating to wages (including overtime wages and the proper classification of employees as “exempt” or “nonexempt”) and the withholding of taxes.  The Company and its Subsidiaries have paid all wages and other compensation that was required to be paid as of the date of this Agreement and the Closing Date.

(d)             To the Company’s Knowledge, the Company and its Subsidiaries are in material compliance and have been in material compliance during the past three years, with all Applicable Laws relating to labor and employment, including but not limited to all laws relating to fair employment practices, terms and conditions of employment, applicant and employee background checking, wages (including overtime wages and the proper classification of employees as “exempt” or “nonexempt”), withholding of taxes, the employment of persons who are not citizens of the country in which they are employed, employment discrimination, disability rights and benefits, labor relations, pay equity, civil rights, sexual or other harassment, working hours, industrial relations, employment practices, working conditions, equal employment opportunity, affirmative action, leaves of absence, employee benefits, plant closing, mass layoff, occupational safety and health, visa, immigration and required documentation, and workers’ compensation.

(e)             There are no charges, complaints or proceedings before the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, Department of Labor or any other Governmental Authority responsible for regulating employment practices, or litigations, arbitrations or other proceedings related to employees, pending or, to the Company’s Knowledge, threatened against the Company or its Subsidiaries.

(f)              Since January 1, 2013, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has had any plant closings or mass layoffs under the WARN Act.

3.14.        Employee Benefit Plans .

(a)             Company Disclosure Schedule 3.14(a) lists each Employee Benefit Plan that the Company or any Subsidiary maintains or to which the Company or any Subsidiary contributes or is a participating employer or under which the Company or any Subsidiary could be reasonably expected to have any Liability and any Employee Benefit Plan sponsored by any entity, trade or business that is a member of a group described in Section 414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of the Code that includes the Company under which the Company or any Subsidiary could be reasonably expected to have any Liability (collectively, the “ Company Benefit Plans ”).  With respect to each Company Benefit Plan, the Company has delivered or made available to Parent or its representatives, to the extent applicable, copies of all plan documents and current summary plan descriptions, the most recent determination letter (or opinion letter) received from the Internal Revenue Service, the most recent Form 5500 Annual Reports, and all related trust or funding agreements and insurance contracts and policies associated with such Company Benefit Plan, and all material correspondence with the Internal Revenue Service, Department of Labor or any other Governmental Authority relating to any Company Benefit Plan.
 
42

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(b)             Each Company Benefit Plan (and each related trust, insurance contract or fund) has been administered and operated in material compliance with (i) the terms of the applicable controlling documents and (ii) the applicable provisions of ERISA, the Code and all other Applicable Laws.  Except as set forth on Company Disclosure Schedule 3.14(b) , no Company Benefit Plan is a “multi-employer plan,” as that term is defined in Section 3(37) or 4063 of ERISA, and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries contributes to or has any Liability with respect to, and has not during the past six years has contributed to or had any Liability with respect to, any such “multi-employer plan”.  No Company Benefit Plan is a “multiple employer welfare arrangement” (as defined in Section 3(40) of ERISA).

(c)             Each Company Benefit Plan that is an Employee Pension Benefit Plan and that is intended to meet the requirements of a “ qualified plan ” under Section 401(a) of the Code has either received or applied for (or has time remaining to apply for) a favorable determination letter (or, in the case of a prototype plan, an opinion letter) from the Internal Revenue Service within the applicable remedial amendment periods and has not been amended in any way that would jeopardize such qualified status and, to the Company’s Knowledge, nothing has occurred that could reasonably be expected to result in the loss of the tax-qualified status of any such Company Benefit Plan.

(d)             Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has or could reasonably be expected to have any liability (absolute, current, prospective, contingent or otherwise) with respect to any plan that is or has been subject to the minimum funding requirements of Section 412 or 430 of the Code or subject to Section 302 or Title IV of ERISA.

(e)             Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary maintains or contributes to, nor at any time during the six-year period prior to the Closing, has the Company or any Subsidiary maintained or contributed to, any Employee Welfare Benefit Plan providing medical, health or life insurance or other welfare type benefits for current or future retired or terminated employees, their spouses or their dependents (other than in accordance with Section 4980B of the Code at no cost or the Company or any Subsidiary).

(f)              Except as expressly contemplated by the terms of this Agreement or otherwise set forth on Company Disclosure Schedule 3.14(f) , neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement or any other Transaction Document to which the Company is a party nor the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby (either alone or in conjunction with any other event) will (i) result in any payment or benefit (including severance, golden parachute, bonus or otherwise) becoming due to any officer, director or employee of the Company; (ii) materially increase any compensation benefits otherwise payable by the Company; (iii) result in the acceleration of the time of payment, exercisability or vesting of any compensation or benefits; or (iv) result in any payment that would not be fully tax-deductible as a result of Section 280G of the Code.
 
43

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(g)             There is no matter, action or claim pending (other than routine qualification determination filings) or to the Company’s Knowledge threatened, with respect to any of the Company Benefit Plans, including but not limited to any such matters before the Internal Revenue Service, the Department of Labor or the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation.

(h)             Each Company Benefit Plan can be amended, terminated or otherwise discontinued after the Closing in accordance with its terms, without Liability to the Company or its Affiliates other than ordinary administrative expenses typically incurred in a termination event. The Company and its Subsidiaries have no commitment or obligation and have not made any representations to any employee, officer, director, independent contractor or consultant, whether or not legally binding, to adopt, amend, modify or terminate any Company Benefit Plan in connection with the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or otherwise.

(i)              Each Company Benefit Plan subject to Section 409A of the Code has complied in form and operation with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code as in effect from time to time.  The Company and its Subsidiaries have no obligation to “gross up” any tax incurred by any Person pursuant to Section 409A or 4999 of the Code.

(j)              The Company has the right to cancel the options as contemplated by Article II.

(k)             Notwithstanding any other representations and warranties in this Agreement, the representations and warranties in Section 3.14 are the only representations and warranties in this Agreement with respect to the Company Benefit Plans.

3.15.        Environmental Matters Except for matters that would not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a material effect on the Company and its Subsidiaries:

(a)             the Company and each of its Subsidiaries (i) is and has been in compliance with Environmental Law; (ii) possesses or has timely applied for and, to the extent possessed, complies with all Environmental Permits required under Environmental Laws for the current operations of the Company and each of its Subsidiaries; and (iii) has received no written notice from a Governmental Authority alleging that the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is not in compliance in any material respect with any Environmental Law, in each case that remains unresolved;

(b)             there is no, and there has not been any, spill or release to the environment of any Materials of Environmental Concern by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries at any property currently owned, occupied or operated by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, under circumstances that have resulted in or are reasonably likely to result in a material liability to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries under any Environmental Law;
 
44

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(c)             there is no (i) receipt by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of written notification alleging that it is liable under any Environmental Law for any spill or release, or threatened release of any Materials of Environmental Concern at any location on the Leased Real Property, in each case that remains unresolved, and (ii) Environmental Claim pending or threatened against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or against any person whose liability the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has assumed contractually, in each case that remains unresolved; and
 
(d)             all reports, audits, or correspondence addressing material liabilities under Environmental Law and pertaining to the Leased Real Property that are in the possession of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries have been furnished or made available to Parent or its representatives for review prior to the date hereof.

Notwithstanding any other representations and warranties in this Agreement, the representations and warranties in this Section 3.15 are the only representations and warranties in this Agreement with respect to Environmental Laws, Environmental Claims and any environmental matters of or relating to the Company and any of its Subsidiaries.

3.16.        Material Contracts Company Disclosure Schedule 3.16 sets forth an accurate list of each Material Contract to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is party or any of its respective assets or properties are bound or affected as of the date hereof or pursuant to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is an obligor or a beneficiary as of the date hereof.  True, complete and correct copies of all Material Contracts, including, for the avoidance of any doubt, all material amendments, waivers or other changes thereto, and accurate written summaries of all oral Material Contracts have been delivered or made available to Parent.  Each Material Contract is in full force and effect. All Material Contracts are valid and binding on the Company or the applicable Subsidiary in accordance with its terms and is enforceable against the Company or the applicable Subsidiary and, to the Knowledge of the Company, against the other parties thereto except in each case (i) as enforcement may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent conveyance, reorganization, moratorium and other laws affecting the rights of creditors generally and general equitable principles (whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law), and (ii) as the remedy of specific performance and injunctive and other forms of equitable relief may be subject to equitable defenses and to the discretion of a court of competent jurisdiction before which any proceeding may be brought.  The Company or, to the Company’s Knowledge, any other party thereto, has not provided or received any notice of any intention to terminate, any Material Contract.  To the Company’s Knowledge, no event or circumstance has occurred that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute an event of default under any Material Contract. The Company and its Subsidiaries have not violated any provision of, or committed or failed to perform any act which, with or without notice, lapse of time or both would constitute a material default under the provisions of, any Material Contract or give rise to a material Liability of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries under any Material Contract or result in a termination thereof or would cause or permit the acceleration or other changes of any right or obligation or the loss of any benefit thereunder.
 
45

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
3.17.        Insurance .

(a)             The Company is covered by insurance in scope and amount customary and reasonable for the business and includes, but is not limited to: (i) Commercial General Liability; (ii) Workers’ Compensation and Employer’s Liability; (iii) Professional Liability; and (iv) Crime/Fidelity, all of which policies are listed on Company Disclosure Schedule 3.17 (collectively, the “Insurance Policies”)

(b)             Neither the Company nor, to the Company’s Knowledge, any other Person is in material breach or default under any such insurance policy (including with respect to the payment of premiums or the giving of notices),   and, to the Company’s Knowledge, no event has occurred that, with notice or the lapse of time or both, would constitute such a breach or default, or permit termination, modification, or acceleration, under any such insurance policy.  To the Company’s Knowledge, no party to any such insurance policy has repudiated any provision thereof.  The Company has not received any written notice that any insurer under any such insurance policy is denying liability with respect to a claim thereunder or defending liability under a reservation of rights clause.  All such Insurance Policies are in full force and effect and shall remain in full force and effect following the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, subject to their expiration date.  All premiums due and payable under all such policies have been paid, and the Company is otherwise in compliance in all material respects with the terms of such policies.  The Company has no Knowledge of any threatened termination of, or premium increase with respect to, any such policy, except in accordance with the terms thereof.

3.18.        Transactions with Related Parties .

(a)             Except as set forth on Company Disclosure Schedule 3.18(a) , no Related Party of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries: (i) to the Company’s Knowledge (except in the case of officers and directors of the Company, where such Knowledge qualifier shall not apply) owns, directly or indirectly, any equity or other financial or voting interest in any competitor, supplier, licensor, lessor, distributor, independent contractor or customer of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or their business; (ii) to the Company’s Knowledge owns, directly or indirectly, or has any interest in any property (real or personal, tangible or intangible) that the Company or any of its Subsidiaries uses in or pertaining to the business of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; or (iii) has any business dealings or a financial interest in any transaction with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or involving any assets or property of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

(b)             Except for this Agreement, there are no Contracts by and between the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and any Related Party of the Company or any its Subsidiaries, on the other hand, pursuant to which such Related Party provides or receives any information, assets, properties, support or other services to or from the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (including Contracts relating to billing, financial, tax, accounting, data processing, human resources, administration, legal services, information technology and other corporate overhead matters).
 
46

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(c)             No Related Party of the Company is indebted to the Company, nor is the Company indebted (or committed to make loans or extend or guarantee credit) to any Related Party.  To the Company’s Knowledge (except in the case of a Related Party with an Applicable Percentage greater than or equal to 2%, where such Knowledge qualifier shall not apply), no related Party has any direct or indirect ownership interest in (x) any Person with which the Company is Affiliated or with which the Company has a business relationship or (y) any Person that competes with the Company (other than the ownership of less than 5% of the outstanding class of publicly traded stock in publicly traded companies that may compete with the Company).  No officer or director is, directly or indirectly, a party to or interested in any Contract with the Company or its Affiliates.

3.19.        Privacy and Security .

(a)            The Company complies, in all material respects, with all Applicable Laws (“ Privacy Laws ”), as well as its own privacy policies and notices, with respect to (i) personally identifiable information (including name, address, telephone number, electronic mail address, social security number, bank account number or credit card number), sensitive personal information and any special categories of personal information regulated thereunder or covered thereby (“ Personal Information ”) (including such Personal Information collected from visitors who use the Company’s Websites) and (ii) Personal Information security and data loss, theft and breach.

(b)             The Company posts notices with respect to the matters set forth in Section 3.19(a) on its Websites in conformance with Privacy Laws.

(c)             To the Company’s Knowledge, (i) the advertisers and other Persons with which the Company has contractual relationships have not breached any agreements with the Company with respect to Personal Information collected by the Company or any Privacy Laws pertaining to such Personal Information; (ii) the Company does not serve advertisements into advertising inventory created by downloadable Software that launches without a user’s express activation; and (iii) the Company has not received a material volume of consumer complaints relative to software downloads that resulted in the installation of any of the Company’s tracking technologies.

(d)             The Company takes reasonable steps to protect the operation, confidentiality, integrity and security of all Personal Information collected, stored or processed through its Websites against any unauthorized or improper use, access, transmittal, interruption, modification or corruption, and, to the Company’s Knowledge, there have been no material breaches of same.  Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company uses encryption technology of at least 128-bits for the Websites owned by the Company.

3.20.        Foreign Corrupt Practices Act .  Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries (nor, to the Company’s Knowledge, any of their respective directors, executives, representatives, agents or employees), directly or indirectly (a) has used or is using any corporate funds for any illegal contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses relating to political activity, (b) has used or is using any corporate funds for any direct or indirect unlawful payments to any foreign or domestic governmental officials or employees or any employees of a foreign or domestic government-owned entity, (c) has violated or is violating any provision of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 or any other anticorruption law applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (d) has made, offered, authorized or promised any payment, rebate, payoff, influence payment, contribution, gift, bribe, rebate, kickback, or any other thing of value to any government official or employee, political party or official, or candidate, regardless of form, to obtain favorable treatment in obtaining or retaining business or to pay for favorable treatment already secured, (e) has established or maintained, or is maintaining, any fund of corporate monies or other properties for the purpose of supplying funds for any of the purposes described in the foregoing clause (d) or (e) has made any bribe, unlawful rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback or other similar payment of any nature.
 
47

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
3.21.        Absence of Changes .  Except as set forth on Company Disclosure Schedule 3.21 , since December 31, 2015, (a) the Company and its Subsidiaries have conducted the business in the ordinary course consistent with past practice, (b) there has not been any event, change, circumstance, occurrence, effect or state of facts, individually or in the aggregate, that has or is likely to have a Material Adverse Effect, (c) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has suffered any Losses in excess of [***] affecting any of the Leased Real Property or any other assets, whether or not covered by insurance, except, in each case, where such failure would not be material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, (d) there has not been any change by the Company in its accounting methods, principles or practices, except as required by concurrent changes in GAAP; (e) there has not been any material revaluation by the Company of any of its assets, including writing off notes or accounts receivable other than in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice; (f) there has not been adoption of any new severance plan, agreement or arrangement or any other Company Benefit Plan, or termination, amendment, modification or alteration in any respect of any severance plan, agreement or arrangement or any other Company Benefit Plan, in each case whether written or oral; (g) there has not been any modification to the terms of an employment agreement with a Key Executive (or any other Company employee outside the ordinary course of business) or any increase in the compensation payable by the Company to any Key Executive (or any other Company employee outside the ordinary course of business); (h) there has not been any change in cash management policies, practices and procedures with respect to collection of accounts receivable, establishment of reserves for uncollectible accounts, accrual of accounts receivable, inventory control, prepayment of expenses, payment of trade accounts payable, accrual of other expenses, and deferral of revenue; (i) there has not been any sale, assignment, grant of a license in or transfer of any Intellectual Property, except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice; or (j) there has not been any action taken by the Company that legally binds the Company to take any of the foregoing actions described in this Section 3.21 .

3.22.        Banking Matters .  A true, complete and correct list of the names of all banks and other financial institutions (with account numbers) in which the Company or its Subsidiaries has an account or safe deposit box, and of all brokerage firms and other entities and Persons holding funds or investments of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and the names of all persons authorized to draw thereon or make withdrawals therefrom has been provided to Parent.

3.23.        [***]
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
ARTICLE IV
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT AND MERGER SUB

Parent and Merger Sub, jointly and severally, represent and warrant to the Company and the Securityholders as follows:

4.1.           Organizational Matters Each of Parent and Merger Sub is validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware; has the requisite power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business as now being conducted; and is duly qualified and in good standing to do business in each jurisdiction in which the nature of its business or the ownership or leasing of its properties make such qualification necessary, other than in such jurisdictions where the failure so to qualify would not impair the ability of Parent and Merger Sub to consummate the transactions contemplated in this Agreement.  Parent directly owns all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of Merger Sub, free and clear of all Liens.

4.2.           Authority and Due Execution .  Each of Parent and Merger Sub has the requisite power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party and to perform its respective obligations hereunder and thereunder and to consummate the transactions contemplated herein and therein.  The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents by each of Parent and Merger Sub and the consummation by Parent and Merger Sub of the transactions contemplated herein or therein have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action or stockholder action on the part of Parent and Merger Sub.  This Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which Parent and Merger Sub is or will be a party have been, or upon execution and delivery by each of Parent and Merger Sub will be, duly and validly executed and delivered by the Parent and Merger Sub and, assuming that this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents constitute the valid and binding agreement of the other parties hereto and thereto, constitute, or upon execution and delivery will constitute, the valid and binding obligations of Parent and Merger Sub, enforceable against each of Parent and Merger Sub in accordance with their respective terms and conditions, except that the enforcement hereof and thereof may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent conveyance or other similar laws now or hereafter in effect relating to creditors’ rights generally and general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforceability is considered in a proceeding at law or in equity).

4.3.           Non-Contravention and Consents .

(a)             Non-Contravention .  The execution and delivery of this Agreement and each other Transaction Document does not, and the performance of this Agreement and each other Transaction Document will not (i) conflict with or violate the certificate of incorporation or bylaws, or other similar organizational documents of Parent or Merger Sub; (ii) conflict with or violate any Applicable Law; or (iii) result in any breach of or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a breach or default) under, or impair the rights of Parent or Merger Sub or alter the rights or obligations of any third party under, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, or result in the creation of a Lien on any of the properties or assets of Parent or Merger Sub pursuant to, any of the terms, conditions or provisions of any material contract, loan or credit agreement, note, bond, mortgage, indenture or deed of trust, or any license, lease, agreement, or other instrument or obligation, to which Parent or Merger Sub is a party or by which Parent or Merger Sub or any material portion of its respective assets is bound, except, with respect to each of clauses (ii) and (iii), such violations, conflicts, breaches or defaults as would not impair the ability of Parent and Merger Sub to consummate the transactions contemplated in this Agreement.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(b)             Contractual Consents .  No Consent under any material contract to which Parent or Merger Sub is a party or by which either of them is bound is required to be obtained in connection with the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement or any other Transaction Document by Parent or Merger Sub or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, except for such Consents, the failure of which to be obtained or made would not impair the ability of the Parent and Merger Sub to consummate the transactions contemplated in this Agreement.

(c)             Governmental Consents .  No Consent of any Governmental Authority is required to be obtained or made by Parent or Merger Sub in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement or any other Transaction Document or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, except for (i) the filing of a Certificate of Merger with the Secretary of State of Delaware and (ii) such other Consents, the failure of which to be obtained or made would not impair the ability of the Parent and Merger Sub to consummate the transactions contemplated in this Agreement.

4.4.           Litigation .  To the knowledge of Parent, there is no claim, action, suit, inquiry, judicial or administrative proceeding, grievance or arbitration pending or threatened in writing against the Parent or any of its Subsidiaries by or before any arbitrator or Governmental Authority, nor to the knowledge of Parent are there any reviews or investigations relating to the Parent or any of its Subsidiaries pending or threatened in writing by or before any arbitrator or any Governmental Authority that, if resolved adversely to Parent or Merger Sub, would impair the ability of Parent and Merger Sub to consummate the transactions contemplated in this Agreement.

4.5.           Financing .  Parent has cash available to enable it to make the payments contemplated hereunder and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby and by each Transaction Document.

4.6.           Brokers or Finders .  Parent has not, directly or indirectly, entered into any agreement with any Person that would obligate the Company or any Securityholder to pay any commission, brokerage fee or “finder’s fee” in connection with the transactions contemplated herein.

4.7.           No Prior Merger Sub Operations .  Merger Sub was formed solely for the purpose of effecting the Merger and has not engaged in any business activities or conducted any operations other than in connection with transactions contemplated hereby.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
ARTICLE V
COVENANTS OF THE PARTIES

5.1.           Operation of Business .

(a)             Except as set forth in Company Disclosure Schedule 5.1(a) , or as expressly required or permitted by this Agreement, or consented to in writing by Parent (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed, and which consent may be given by e-mail or other electronic transmission), during the period from the date of this Agreement until the Closing, the Company will:

(i)             conduct its operations according to the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice;

(ii)            use its reasonable best efforts to preserve intact its current business organization, to keep available the services of its current key employees and to preserve its relationships with customers, suppliers, manufacturers, licensors, licensees, advertisers, distributors and others having business dealings with it;

(iii)           preserve and maintain all of the Company Permits;

(iv)           pay its Indebtedness, Taxes and other Liabilities when due;

(v)            maintain the material properties and assets owned, operated or used by the Company in the same condition as they were on the date of this Agreement, subject to reasonable wear and tear;

(vi)           continue in full force and effect without modification all Insurance Policies, except as required by Applicable Laws;

(vii)          defend and protect its material properties and assets from infringement or usurpation;

(viii)         perform all of its obligations under all Material Contracts;

(ix)            maintain its books and records in accordance with past practice; and

(x)            comply in all material respects with all Applicable Laws.

(b)             Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, except as set forth in Company Disclosure Schedule 5.1(b) , or as expressly required or permitted by this Agreement, consented to in writing by Parent (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed), required to be taken by Applicable Law or required to be taken by any Company Benefit Plan, during the period from the date of this Agreement until the Closing, the Company will not, without the prior written consent of Parent:
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(i)             adopt or amend in any material respect any bonus, profit sharing, compensation, severance, change-in-control, termination, stock option, restricted stock, stock purchase, stock appreciation right, pension, retirement, employment or other Employee Benefit Plan or increase in any manner the compensation or fringe benefits of any employee;

(ii)            sell, lease, license, mortgage or otherwise encumber or subject to any Lien or otherwise dispose of any of its material assets or properties, except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice;

(iii)            (A) declare, set aside or pay any dividends on, or make any other distributions in respect of, any of its capital stock, (B) split, combine or reclassify any of its capital stock or issue or authorize the issuance of any other securities in respect of, in lieu of or in substitution for shares of its capital stock, or (C) except in connection with an employee whose employment has terminated in accordance with the Company Stock Plan, purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any shares of capital stock of the Company or any other securities thereof or any rights or options or warrants to acquire any such shares or other securities;

(iv)           authorize for issuance, issue, deliver, sell or agree or commit to issue, sell or deliver (whether through the issuance or granting of options, warrants, commitments, subscriptions, rights to purchase or otherwise), pledge or otherwise encumber any shares of its capital stock, any other voting securities or any securities exercisable or exchangeable for or convertible into, or any rights, warrants or options to acquire, any such shares, voting securities or convertible securities or any other securities or equity equivalents (including, without limitation, stock appreciation rights);

(v)            amend the Company Charter or the Company Bylaws;

(vi)            acquire (A) by merging or consolidating with, or by purchasing a substantial portion of the assets of, or by any other manner, any business or any corporation, partnership, joint venture, association or other business organization or division thereof or (B) any assets, including real estate, except (x) acquisitions of assets (other than capital expenditures) in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice; and (y) the making of capital expenditures in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, in an aggregate amount for all such capital expenditures not to exceed [***];

(vii)          other than Liabilities in connection with any Action or the settlement thereof (which shall be subject to subparagraph (viii) below, pay, discharge, settle or satisfy any Liabilities other than the payment, discharge, settlement or satisfaction in the ordinary course of business and in amounts consistent with past practice;

(viii)         pay, discharge, settle or satisfy any Liabilities in connection with any Action or settlement thereof where the amounts paid or payable by the Company exceed [***] individually or [***] in the aggregate;

(ix)            make or change any Tax elections that, individually or in the aggregate, could be reasonably likely to adversely affect in any material respect the Tax Liability of the Company, settle or compromise any material income Tax Liability or, except as required by Applicable Laws, materially change any method of accounting for Tax purposes or prepare or file any Tax Return in a manner inconsistent with past practice;
 
52

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(x)            make any material changes in its accounting method, except (A) as required by changes in GAAP (or any binding interpretation thereof), as required by the Company’s independent public accountants, (B) as may be required by a change in Applicable Laws, or (C) as lawfully required by a Governmental Authority;

(xi)            incur, assume or guarantee any Indebtedness, other than (A) in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, (B) borrowings permitted to be incurred hereunder, and (C) other borrowings in an aggregate amount not to exceed [***];

(xii)          amend or modify in any material respect any Material Contract, except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice; or

(xiii)         authorize, permit, or commit or agree to take, any of the foregoing actions.

5.2.           Confidentiality .  From and after the Closing, the Securityholders shall, and shall use their respective commercially reasonable efforts to cause their Affiliates and the respective representatives of the Securityholders and their Affiliates, to hold, in confidence any and all information, whether written or oral, (a) concerning the Company, (b) concerning Parent or any of its respective Affiliates, or (c) that is related to this Agreement or any of the Transaction Documents or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, in each case except to the extent that such information (x) is, was or becomes generally available to the public through no action or omission of a Securityholder, any of such Securityholder’s Affiliates or representatives in violation of this Section 5.2 ; (y) is lawfully acquired by the Securityholder, any of such Securityholder’s Affiliates or representatives from and after the Closing from sources which are not known by such Securityholder or any of such Securityholder’s Affiliates or representatives to be prohibited from disclosing such information by a legal, contractual or fiduciary obligation; or (z) has been or becomes independently developed by a Securityholder or any of such Securityholder’s Affiliates or representatives without use of or reference to any trade secrets or confidential information of the Company. If a Securityholder or any of such Securityholder’s Affiliates or representatives is compelled to disclose any information by judicial or administrative process or by other Applicable Laws, such Securityholder shall promptly notify Parent in writing so that Parent may seek a protective order or other appropriate remedy at Parent’s sole cost and expenses.  If, failing the entry of a protective order or other appropriate remedy, such Securityholder may disclose such portion of such information that counsel advises is required to disclose, and such Securityholder shall use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain assurance that confidential treatment will be accorded such information.  Nothing herein shall prohibit a Securityholder from disclosing any such confidential information in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby and the enforcement of their respective rights under this Agreement.   In any event, no Securityholder shall oppose any reasonable action by Parent to obtain an appropriate protective order or other reliable assurance that confidential treatment will be accorded such information.
 
53

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
5.3.           Company Benefit Plans .   The Company shall take any and all reasonable actions timely requested by Parent that may be necessary or advisable prior to the Closing Date for the amendment or termination of any other Company Employee Plan on or after the Closing Date, including, but not limited to, providing plan participants and beneficiaries advance notice of any material modifications to health care benefits (to the extent Parent has provided sufficient notice to the Company), in accordance with the terms of such Company Employee Plan and the requirements of the Code, ERISA and other Applicable Law, and on a basis satisfactory to Parent in its reasonable judgment.

5.4.           Indemnification Rights .

(a)             For a period of six (6) years after the Closing, Parent will not, and will not permit the Company to, amend, repeal or modify any provision in the Company’s certificate of incorporation relating to the exculpation, indemnification or advancement of expenses of any officers and directors prior to the Effective Time (the “ Company Indemnified Parties ”) in a manner that would materially adversely affect the rights of the Company Indemnified Parties under the Company Certificate of Incorporation (unless required by Applicable Law).

(b)             Prior to the Closing, the Company shall purchase (and promptly provide a copy to Parent of) insurance policies which policies provide (1) liability insurance coverage for the benefit of the officers and directors of the Company and its Subsidiaries for an aggregate period of not less than six years with respect to claims arising from acts, events or omissions that occurred at or prior to the Closing and (2) liability insurance for errors and omissions of officers and directors of the Company and its Subsidiaries for an aggregate period of not less than six years with respect to claims arising from acts, events or omissions that occurred at or prior to the Closing.  Additionally for all “Claims Made” policies the Company shall purchase a six year extended reporting period effective at Closing.  The costs of such insurance coverage shall constitute Company Transaction Costs.  Parent shall not take any actions after the Closing to terminate, modify or cancel the policies procured under this Section 5.4(b) .

(c)             The provisions of this Section 5.4 are intended to be for the benefit of, and will be enforceable by, each Company Indemnified Party, his or her heirs and his or her representatives.

5.5.           Prohibition of Trading in Parent Common Stock .  The Company and each Securityholder acknowledge that the United States securities laws and associated rules and regulations prohibit any person who has received material non-public information concerning the matters that are the subject matter of this Agreement from purchasing or selling the securities of Parent, or from communicating such information to any person under circumstances in which it is reasonably foreseeable that such person is likely to purchase or sell securities of Parent. Accordingly, the Company and each Securityholder agree that they will not purchase or sell any securities of Parent, or communicate such information to any other person under circumstances in which it is reasonably foreseeable that such person is likely to purchase or sell securities of Parent, until no earlier than Seventy-Two (72) hours following the time at which such non-public information is publicly disseminated by Parent; and as it pertains to this Agreement, no earlier than Seventy-Two (72) hours following the filing of a Current Report on Form 8-K with the SEC announcing the Closing pursuant to this Agreement.
 
54

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
5.6.           Exclusivity .

(a)             From the date of this Agreement until the Closing, the Securityholders and the Company will not, and will cause their respective Affiliates or any of their Affiliates’ representatives not to, directly or indirectly through any representative: (i) solicit, encourage, facilitate or initiate submission of any inquiry, proposal or offer from any Person relating to any transaction involving any sale or transfer of the Company’s assets (outside of the ordinary course of business) or capital stock of the Company, whether by direct transfer, merger, investment, consolidation, recapitalization, reorganization or otherwise (collectively, “ Restricted Transactions ”), (ii) enter into, participate in or continue any discussions or negotiations (except with Parent) regarding, or furnish any information to or cooperate with any Person (other than Parent) with respect to, any Restricted Transactions, (iii) enter into any agreement (except with Parent) relating in any manner to any Restricted Transaction, or (iv) disclose or provide access to any non-public information concerning the Company’s business, assets or properties or afford to any Person (other than the Parent) access to its properties, books or records.  The Company and the Securityholders will notify Parent immediately if any Person makes any proposal, offer, inquiry or contact with respect to any of the foregoing (whether solicited or unsolicited).

(b)             In connection with the foregoing, the Company, the Securityholders and their respective representatives shall immediately cease any existing or continuing discussion or negotiations relating to any Restricted Transaction (other than with the Parent), and the provision of any information in connection therewith (including access to any data rooms). If the Company, the Securityholders or any of their respective representatives, become aware of a bona fide offer for the Company or its business (including any Restricted Transaction) during the Exclusivity Period, the Company and the Securityholders shall promptly notify Parent in writing of such offer or other expression of interest, with such written notice including the material terms and conditions of such offer or inquiry, including the identity of the Person making the offer or inquiry. Without limiting the foregoing, it is understood that any violation of the restrictions set forth above by any representative of the Company or any Securityholder shall be deemed to be a breach of these restrictions by the Company and the Securityholders.

5.7.           Termination of Agreements .  The Company and each of the Securityholders hereby terminate any and all agreements, arrangements or understandings between or among themselves that relate in any way to the voting, ownership or disposition of the Shares, or to the distribution of Company profits or funds.

5.8.           Access and Information .

(a)             Until the Closing, the Company shall afford to Parent and its representatives (including accountants and counsel) reasonable access, in each case, only at such locations and in accordance with such procedures (including prior notice requirements, the time and duration of access and the manner in which access and discussions may be held) as are mutually agreed to between Parent and the Company prior to any such access, to all properties, books, records, and Tax Returns of the Company and its Subsidiaries and all other information with respect to their businesses, together with the opportunity, to make copies of such books, records and other documents (at the sole cost and expense of Parent) and to discuss the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries with such directors, officers and counsel for the Company as Parent may reasonably request for the purposes of familiarizing itself with the Company and its Subsidiaries.  Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 5.8(a) , the Company shall not be required to grant access or furnish information to Parent or any of Parent’s representatives to the extent that such information is subject to an attorney-client or attorney work product privilege or that such access or the furnishing of such information is prohibited by an existing contract or agreement to the extent the Company makes Parent aware in writing of any such restriction or information withheld relating to a contract or agreement.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, Parent shall not have access to personnel records of the Company relating to individual performance or evaluation records, medical histories or other information that the disclosure of which is prohibited by Applicable Law.  In addition, Parent shall not contact any Company personnel nor any supplier, distributor, customer or other person having a material business relationship with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries regarding the transactions contemplated by this Agreement without the express prior written consent of the Company.  All information provided pursuant to this Agreement shall remain subject in all respects to the Confidentiality Agreement until the Effective Time.
 
55

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(b)             From and after the Effective Time, Parent shall (and shall cause the Surviving Corporation and each of its Subsidiaries to), during normal business hours and upon reasonable notice, provide the Representative and its representatives with reasonable access to such facilities, properties, assets, books, Contracts, commitments and records of the Surviving Corporation and each of its Subsidiaries as may be requested in advance in writing by the Representative with reasonable specificity and shall use reasonable efforts to furnish in a reasonable time to the Representative such information concerning the facilities, properties, assets, books, Contracts, commitments and records of the Surviving Corporation and each of its Subsidiaries as may be requested in advance in writing by the Representative with reasonable specificity, in each case only for any and all periods prior to and including the Closing Date with respect to (i) Actions relating to the Company pre-Closing (but Parent shall only have obligation under this clause (i) during the pendency of such Action), (ii) Tax related matters with respect to a Pre-Closing Periods, and (iii) any other business purpose for which the Representative or a Securityholder has obtained the prior written consent of Parent.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Representative shall not have access to personnel records of the Surviving Corporation relating to individual performance or evaluation records, medical histories or other information that in Parent’s good faith opinion is sensitive or the disclosure of which could subject the Surviving Corporation or any of its Subsidiaries to risk of liability; provided, that the Representative shall not be prohibited from accessing such information pursuant to a valid court order.  The Representative acknowledges and agrees that any information that is provided pursuant to this Section 5.8(b) shall be kept in the strictest confidence and may only be used in connection with such permitted business purpose pursuant to which such information was provided and shall otherwise not be disclosed or used for any purpose whatsoever. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, the Representative shall be permitted to disclose information as required by law or to employees, advisors or consultants of the Representative and to the Securityholders, in each case who have a need to know such information, provided that such persons, as a condition precedent to receiving any such information, agrees to be bound by a written confidentiality agreement with Representative of at least as high a standard as those imposed on the Representative under this Section 5.8(b) and which names Parent and the Surviving Corporation as third party beneficiaries to enforce the terms thereof.  Following the final resolution of such permitted business purpose, such information provided to the Representative in connection therewith shall, at Parent’s option, either be returned to the Company or destroyed (in each case, with written confirmation thereof) promptly upon request by Parent.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 5.8(b) , the Representative shall pay all costs of receiving the access and information provided under this Section 5.8(b) ; all information provided under this Section 5.8(b) is provided as is and without any representation; and nothing in this Section 5.8(b) shall (w) require the employees, officers or agents of the Surviving Corporation or its Subsidiaries to submit to interviews; (x) preclude Parent from seeking a discovery or related order by a court of competent jurisdiction in connection with any matter referred to in this Section 5.8(b) providing such reasonable protections as Parent may deem appropriate, and if such order is granted and is inconsistent with this Section 5.8(b) , Parent shall be entitled to comply with such order without violation of this Section 5.8(b) , (y) require that Parent provide for direct access to any computer or information systems or (z) require the provision of any information or access if so providing it would reasonably cause a loss of attorney-client privilege.
 
56

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
5.9.           Transfer of Stockholders’ Shares .  Effective as of the Closing, the Company and each of the Stockholders hereby waives any and all rights the Company or such Stockholder may have under all agreements between the Company and one or more of the Stockholders or otherwise to object to the transfer to Parent of any Shares and hereby covenants not to consent to the transfer of any Shares to any Person other than Parent.

5.10.        Subsequent Matters .  If at any time after the Closing, Parent will consider or be advised that any deeds, bills of sale, instruments of conveyance, assignments, assurances or any other actions or things are necessary or desirable (i) to vest, perfect or confirm ownership (of record or otherwise) in Parent, its right, title or interest in, to or under any or all of the Shares, (ii) to vest, perfect or confirm ownership (of record or otherwise) in the Company, any of its rights, properties or assets, (iii) to provide factual information relating to the Company’s ownership history in connection with any Tax filings or positions, or (iv) to otherwise carry out this Agreement, the applicable Securityholder and, if necessary, the Representative on behalf of the Securityholders, shall execute and deliver all deeds, bills of sale, instruments of conveyance, powers of attorney, assignments and assurances and take and do all such other actions and things as may be reasonably requested by Parent at no cost to them in order to vest, perfect or confirm any and all right, title and interest in, to and under such rights, properties or assets in Parent or the Surviving Corporation or otherwise to carry out this Agreement.

5.11.        Reasonable Efforts .  Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, each of Parent and Merger Sub, on the one hand, and the Company, the Representative and the Securityholders, on the other hand, agree to use their respective commercially reasonable efforts to take, or cause to be taken, all actions, and to do, or cause to be done, and to assist and cooperate with the other parties in doing, all things necessary, proper or advisable to consummate and make effective, in the most expeditious manner practicable, the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including using commercially reasonable efforts to accomplish the following:  (i) the taking of all reasonable acts necessary to cause the conditions precedent set forth in Article VI to be satisfied, (ii) the obtaining of all necessary actions, waivers, consents, approvals, orders and authorizations from Governmental Authorities and the making of all necessary registrations, declarations and filings (including registrations, declarations and filings with Governmental Authorities, if any) and the taking of all reasonable steps as may be necessary to avoid any suit, claim, action, investigation or proceeding by any Governmental Authority, (iii) the obtaining of all consents, approvals or waivers from third Persons required as a result of the transactions contemplated in this Agreement, including without limitation the consents referred to in the Company Disclosure Schedule, (iv) the defending of any Actions challenging this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, including seeking to have any Order entered by any Governmental Authority vacated or reversed and (v) the execution or delivery of any additional instruments reasonably necessary to consummate the transactions contemplated by, and to fully carry out the purposes of, this Agreement.  Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, nothing in this Agreement shall be deemed to require Parent or the Company to (A) agree to any divestiture by itself or any of its Affiliates of shares of capital stock or of any business, assets or property, or the imposition of any material limitation on the ability of any of them to conduct their business or to own or exercise control of such assets, properties and stock, (B) commence any Action against any Person in order to facilitate the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or (C) to defend against any Action brought by and Governmental Authority seeking to prevent the consummation of, or impose limitations on, any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
 
57

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
5.12.        Disclosure of Certain Matters .

(a)             Each of Parent, on the one hand, and the Company and the Securityholders, on the other hand, will provide the other with prompt written notice of any event, development or condition that (i) would cause any of such party’s representations and warranties to become materially untrue or materially misleading or which may affect its ability to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, (ii) had it existed or been known on the date hereof would have been required to be disclosed under this Agreement, (iii) gives such party any reason to reasonably believe that any of the conditions set forth in Article VI will not be satisfied, or (iv) any material failure of such party’s officer, director, employee or agent thereof, to comply with or satisfy any covenant, condition or agreement to be complied with or satisfied by it hereunder; provided , however , that the delivery of any notice pursuant to this Section 5.12 shall not limit or otherwise affect the remedies available hereunder to the party receiving such notice.

(b)             The Company and the Securityholders will provide Parent with prompt written notice of any event, development or condition that that has or is likely to have a Material Adverse Effect.

(c)             The Company shall have the right to supplement or amend the Company Disclosure Schedule being delivered pursuant to this Agreement with respect to any matter arising or discovered after delivery thereof which, if existing or known as of the date of this Agreement would have been required to be set forth or described in the Company Disclosure Schedule.  No supplement to or amendment of the Company Disclosure Schedule made after such date of this Agreement will be deemed to prevent or cure any such breach of, or inaccuracy in, amend or supplement any Company Disclosure Schedule to, or otherwise disclose any exception to, any of the representations and warranties or covenants and agreements set forth in this Agreement.  Notwithstanding any such amendment or supplementation, the representations and warranties of the Company shall be qualified with reference to the Company Disclosure Schedule as it exists as of the time of the execution and delivery of this Agreement and without regard to any such amendment or supplementation.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(d)             The Company and the Securityholders shall deliver to Parent copies of (i) all audit reports, letter rulings, technical advice memoranda and similar documents issued by a Governmental Authority relating to the United States federal, state, local or foreign Taxes due from or with respect to the Company and (ii) any closing agreements entered into by the Company with any taxing authority, which come into the possession of the Company or any of the Securityholders after the date hereof.

(e)             Parent’s receipt of information pursuant to this Section 5.12 shall not operate as a waiver or otherwise affect any representation, warranty or agreement given or made by the Securityholders in this Agreement and shall not be deemed to amend or supplement the Company Disclosure Schedule nor shall it limit or otherwise affect the remedies available hereunder.

5.13.        Public Disclosure .  After the date hereof, except as may be required by Applicable Laws, any listing agreement with any applicable national or regional securities exchange or market, or as requirement by an Action or Order, Parent will consult with the Company (and after the Effective Time, the Representative), before issuing any press release or public statement with respect to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, and Parent will not issue any such press release or make any such public statement prior to such consultation. It is expressly understood that Parent may file this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents publicly on the SEC’s Edgar system, and include a summary of the material terms hereof, if it determines it is required to do so under the SEC’s rules and regulations.  In no event will the Company or any Securityholder make any press release or public statement with respect to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby without the prior written consent of Parent (which consent may be withheld, delayed or conditioned in Parent’s sole discretion).

5.14.        Company Transaction Costs .  No later than two (2) Business Days prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall provide an estimate of the amount, in the aggregate, of all Company Transaction Costs that are to be paid or caused to be paid by Parent on behalf of the Company and the Securityholders at Closing pursuant to Section 2.10(a)(iii) and shall provide Parent with a certificate setting forth (i) the identity of each Person that is to be paid at Closing; (ii) the amount owed or to be owed to each such Person; and (iii) the bank account and wire transfer information for each such Person.

5.15.        Pay Off Letters .  No later than one (1) Business Days prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall cause the lenders holding Company Debt to prepare and deliver to the Company and Parent the Pay Off Letters, which Pay Off Letters shall be updated, as necessary, on the Closing Date to specify (a) the identity of each lender that is to be paid at Closing; (b) the amount owed or to be owed to each such lender; and (c) the bank account and wire transfer information for each such lender.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
5.16.        Closing Capitalization Schedule .  No later than two (2) Business Days prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall deliver to Parent a spreadsheet (the “ Closing Capitalization Schedule ”) setting forth (i) each Stockholder and the number of Shares held of record by each Stockholder; (ii) each Optionholder, the number of Shares issuable immediately prior to the Effective Time under the Options held by each such Optionholder, and the aggregate exercise price for all Shares issuable under each outstanding Option for each such Optionholder; (iii) each Warrantholder, the number of Shares issuable immediately prior to the Effective Time under the Warrants held by each such Warrantholder, and the aggregate exercise price for all Shares issuable under each outstanding Warrant for each such Warrantholder; (iv) the Applicable Percentage and Pro Rata Share of each Securityholder; and (v) the amount payable to each Securityholder pursuant to Article II .

5.17.        Section 280G Matters .  Prior to the Closing, the Company shall, with respect to any payments or benefits payable by the Company or any Subsidiary that could reasonably be expected to, separately or in the aggregate, without regard to the measures described herein, constitute “excess parachute payments” within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(1) of the Code and the applicable rulings and final regulations thereunder (“ Section 280G Payments ”), use its reasonable efforts to submit to its stockholders a vote satisfying the requirements of Section 280G(b)(5)(B) of the Code and the applicable rulings and final regulations thereunder, including exerting its reasonable efforts to obtain any waivers from each “ disqualified individual ” within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.280G-1 (if necessary), such that no portion of the Section 280G Payments will constitute an “excess parachute payment” within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(1) of the Code.

5.18.        Stockholder Approval .

(a)             As soon as possible following the execution and delivery of this Agreement, and prior to any public announcement regarding the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Company shall deliver evidence of the receipt of the Stockholder Approval to Parent, which shall be in the form attached hereto as Exhibit E (the “ Written Consent ”). The disclosure materials submitted to the Stockholders in connection with the Written Consent shall include the Company’s board of directors’ recommendation with respect to the Merger and the Transaction Documents, including the MIP (the “ Information Statement ”).  The Information Statement shall not contain any untrue statement of any material fact nor omit to include any statement of any material fact necessary to make the statement therein not misleading and the Company and the Securityholders shall promptly notify Parent of any such untrue statements or omissions and, after obtaining good faith input from Parent, promptly correct the same.

(b)             Assuming that the Company obtains the Stockholder Approval, promptly following, but in no event later than one Business Day after obtaining the Written Consent to the Stockholders for approval, the Company shall prepare and mail a notice (the “ Stockholder Notice ”) to every Stockholder that did not execute and deliver the Written Consent.  The Stockholder Notice shall (i) include a statement to the effect that the Company’s board of directors unanimously determined that the Merger Agreement is advisable in accordance with Section 251(b) of the DGCL and in the best interests of the Stockholders and unanimously approved this Agreement and the Merger, (ii) provide the Stockholders to whom it is sent with notice of the actions taken in the Written Consent, including the adoption of this Agreement, and approval of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby in accordance with Section 228(e) of the DGCL and the bylaws of the Company, and (iii) notify the Stockholders of their appraisal rights pursuant to Section 262 of the DGCL with respect to the Merger. The Stockholder Notice shall include therewith a copy of Section 262 of the DGCL and all such other information as Parent shall reasonably request, and shall be sufficient in form and substance to start the twenty (20) day period during which a Stockholder must demand appraisal of such Stockholder’s Common Stock as contemplated by Section 262(d)(2) of the DGCL. All materials submitted to the Stockholders in accordance with this Section 5.18 shall be subject to Parent’s advance review and reasonable approval.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
5.19.         WARN Act .  To the extent that any notice requirement or liability is incurred under the WARN Act to any employee of Parent or Surviving Corporation on or after the Effective Time, Parent or Surviving Corporation shall be solely and exclusively responsible for such obligations and liabilities incurred under the WARN Act to such employee.  For a period of at least 91 days (inclusive) following the Closing Date, Parent and the Surviving Corporation shall not implement, and shall cause all Subsidiaries of the Surviving Corporation to not implement, any plant closing, mass layoff or other termination of employees which, either alone or in the aggregate (with each other or with any plant closing, mass layoff or other termination of employees by the Company on or prior to the Closing Date), would result in the imposition of any liabilities for the Company or any Stockholder under the WARN Act.

5.20.        Taxes

(a)             Filing of Pre-Closing and Straddle Period Tax Returns .

(i)             The Representative (on behalf of the Securityholders) shall prepare or cause to be prepared, and timely file or cause to be timely filed, all Tax Returns of the Company and its Subsidiaries required to be filed after the Closing Date for all Pre-Closing Periods (“ Representative Prepared Returns ”).  All Representative Prepared Returns shall be prepared on a basis consistent with past practice except to the extent otherwise required by Applicable Law and the Representative shall deliver a copy of all such Tax Returns to Parent, together with all supporting documentation and workpapers, no later than 30 days before their respective due dates (with extension) (other than Tax Returns relating to sales, use, payroll, or other Taxes that are required to be filed contemporaneously with, or promptly after, the close of a Tax period) for Parent’s review and approval.  The Representative will cause such Tax Returns (as revised to incorporate Parent’s reasonable comments) to be timely filed and shall provide a copy of each Representative Prepared Return to Parent reasonably promptly after filing such Tax Return.  The Securityholders shall be responsible for, and shall pay, in addition to all Securityholder Taxes, all reasonable out-of-pocket third-party costs and expenses o f the Representative in connection with preparing and filing Representative for all Pre-Closing Periods.

(ii)            Parent shall prepare or cause to be prepared, and timely file or cause to be timely filed, all Tax Returns of the Company and its Subsidiaries required to be filed after the Closing Date for all Straddle Periods (“ Parent Prepared Returns ”).  All Parent Prepared Returns shall be prepared on a basis consistent with past practice except to the extent otherwise required by Applicable Law and Parent shall deliver a copy of all such Tax Returns to the Representative, together with all supporting documentation and workpapers, no later than 30 days before their respective due dates (with extension) (other than Tax Returns relating to sales, use, payroll, or other Taxes that are required to be filed contemporaneously with, or promptly after, the close of a Tax period) for the Representative’s review and approval.  Parent will cause such Tax Returns (as revised to incorporate the Representative’s reasonable comments) to be timely filed and shall provide a copy of each Parent Prepared Return to the Representative reasonably promptly after filing such Tax Return.  The Securityholders shall be responsible for, and shall pay, in addition to all Securityholder Taxes, a pro rata portion of the costs and expenses for all Straddle Periods (based on the number of days in such Straddle Period prior to the Closing Date relative to the total number of days in such Straddle Period), all of which costs and expenses shall be deemed to be Securityholder Taxes, with the remainder of the pro rata portion of the costs and expenses for all Straddle Periods to be paid by Parent.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(b)            Proration of Straddle Period Taxes .  In the case of Taxes that are payable with respect to any Straddle Period, the portion of any such Taxes that is attributable to the portion of the Straddle Period ending on the Closing Date shall be:

(i)             in the case of Taxes that are either (A) based upon or related to income or receipts, or (B) imposed in connection with any sale or other transfer or assignment of property (real or personal, tangible or intangible), deemed equal to the amount that would be payable if the Tax period of the Company and its Subsidiaries (and each partnership in which the Company and its Subsidiaries is a partner) ended with (and included) the Closing Date; and

(ii)            in the case of Taxes that are imposed on a periodic basis with respect to the assets or capital of the Company or any Subsidiary, deemed to be the amount of such Taxes for the entire Straddle Period (or, in the case of such Taxes determined on an arrears basis, the amount of such Taxes for the immediately preceding period), multiplied by a fraction the numerator of which is the number of calendar days in the portion of the period ending on and including the Closing Date and the denominator of which is the number of calendar days in the entire period.

(c)            Amended Tax Returns .  Except as required by Applicable Law, no amended Tax Return with respect to a Pre-Closing Period or a Straddle Period shall be filed by or on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries without the prior written consent of the Representative, which consent shall not be unreasonably conditioned, delayed or withheld.

(d)             Cooperation on Tax Returns and Tax Proceedings .  Parent and the Representative shall cooperate fully, and shall cause the Company and its Subsidiaries to cooperate fully, as and to the extent reasonably requested by the other party, in connection with the filing of Tax Returns and any Tax Proceedings.  Such cooperation shall include the retention and (upon the other party’s request) the provision of records and information that are reasonably relevant to any such Tax Return or Tax Proceeding and making employees available on a mutually convenient basis to provide additional information and explanation of any material provided hereunder.  Parent and the Representative further agree, upon request, to use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain any certificate or other document from any Governmental Authority or any other Person as may be necessary to mitigate, reduce or eliminate any Tax that could be imposed on Parent, the Representative, the Securityholders or the Company and its Subsidiaries (including with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby).
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(e)            Transfer Taxes .  Parent and the Representative (on behalf of the Securityholders) shall each be responsible for 50% of the payment of all state and local transfer, sales, use, stamp, registration or other similar Taxes, if any, resulting from the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any other Transaction Document (the “ Transfer Taxes ”).  The person(s) required by Applicable Law will file or cause to be filed in a timely manner all necessary documents (including all Tax Returns) with respect to all such Transfer Taxes.

(f)              Section 338(g) Election .  Parent shall not make an election pursuant to Section 338(g) of the Code or any similar provision of foreign, state or local law, with respect to the Company.

5.21.        Management Incentive Bonuses .

(a)             At the Closing, Parent shall, and shall cause the Surviving Corporation to implement the MIP.

(b)             No Person other than the actual participants in the MIP shall have any right of enforcement or otherwise in such plan or any standing or right to bring any claim thereon or in connection therewith, nor is the Company or any Stockholder (except to the extent a participant in such plan is also a Stockholder) a third-party beneficiary thereof.

5.22.        Investigation and Agreement by Parent and Merger Sub; No Other Representations or Warranties .

(a)             Each of Parent and Merger Sub acknowledges and agrees that it has made its own inquiry and investigation into, and, based thereon, has formed an independent judgment concerning, the Company and its Subsidiaries and its and their businesses and operations.

(b)             Each of Parent and Merger Sub agrees that, except for the representations and warranties made by the Company that are expressly set forth in Article III , none of the Company, any Subsidiary of the Company, any Securityholder, or any of their respective Affiliates or representatives has made and shall not be deemed to have made to any of Parent, Merger Sub or their respective Affiliates or representatives, and none of Parent, Merger Sub or their respective Affiliates or representatives has relied upon, any representation or warranty of any kind.  Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, and notwithstanding any express representations and warranties made by the Company and set forth in Article III , each of Parent and Merger Sub agrees that none of the Company, any Subsidiary of the Company, any Securityholder, or any of their respective Affiliates or representatives makes or has made any representation or warranty to Parent, Merger Sub or to any of their respective representatives or Affiliates with respect to:

(i)             any projections, forecasts, estimates or budgets of future revenue, expenses or expenditures, future results of operations (or any component thereof), future cash flows (or any component thereof) or future financial condition (or any component thereof) of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries delivered to or made available to Parent, Merger Sub or their respective representatives or Affiliates, except to the extent of the representations and warranties made by the Company and set forth in Article III .; or
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(ii)            any other information or statements delivered to or made available to Parent, Merger Sub or their respective representatives or Affiliates, including the information contained in the on line data room, with respect to the Company or the business, operations or affairs of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, except to the of the representations and warranties made by the Company and set forth in Article III .

(c)             The Company acknowledges and agrees that, except for the representations and warranties made by Parent or Merger Sub as expressly set forth in Article IV , none of Parent, Merger Sub or any of their respective Affiliates or representatives makes or has made to any of the Company, any Subsidiary of the Company, any Securityholder, or any of their respective Affiliates or representatives any representation or warranty of any kind.

5.23.        Option Grants Parent covenants to grant options to purchase Parent’s common stock to the Designated Employees (the “ Option Grants ”) not later than one Nasdaq Global Select trading day after the Closing Date as follows: (i) “ Designated Employees ” shall mean those employees of the Company designated in writing by the Chief Executive Officer of the Company prior to the Closing, subject to the reasonable approval of Parent’s Chief Executive Officer; (ii) the aggregate number of shares subject to the Option Grant for all Designated Employees shall be sixty two thousand (62,000) (subject to appropriate adjustments for stock splits and the like), (iii) the number of stock options each Designated Employee shall receive shall be designated by the Chief Executive Officer of the Company prior to the Closing date, subject to the reasonable approval of Parent’s Chief Executive Officer; (iv) the exercise price of the options subject to the Option Grants shall be the closing price of Parent’s common stock on the Nasdaq Global Select market on the date of grant by Parent; (v) the vesting (4 year monthly vest with a 1 year cliff (i.e., 25% of options vest at the 1 year anniversary of the grant, and the remainder vest monthly over the next 36 months)) and other terms and conditions of the Option Grants shall be substantially the same as Parent provides for its new employees generally under its current stockholder approved equity incentive plan (although the Option Grants are expected to be made outside of such plan); (vi) a schedule to this Agreement shall be added prior to the Closing reflecting the names of the Designated Employees, Option Grant award amounts per Designated Employee, manner of determining exercise price of the options and vesting terms for each grant; and (vii) each Designated Employee shall be notified of his or her grant prior to Closing.

ARTICLE VI
CONDITIONS TO CLOSING

6.1.          Mutual Conditions to Closing .  The respective obligation of each party to effect the transactions contemplated by this Agreement shall be subject to the satisfaction or waiver at or prior to the Closing of each of the following conditions:
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(a)             No Legal Requirements .  No Applicable Law shall have been enacted or promulgated by a Governmental Authority which prohibits the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby.

(b)             Stockholder Approval .  This Agreement shall have been duly adopted by the Stockholders satisfying the requirements of the Stockholder Approval.

(c)             Government Action . There shall not be threatened or pending any Action by any Governmental Authority

seeking to restrain or prohibit the consummation of the Closing or the performance of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

6.2.           Additional Conditions to Parent’s Obligations .  The obligations of Parent to effect the transactions contemplated by this Agreement shall be subject to the satisfaction or waiver at or prior to the Closing of each of the following conditions:

(a)             Representations and Warranties .  The representations and warranties of the Company contained in this Agreement and any certificate delivered by the Company pursuant to this Agreement (i) that are not qualified by materiality will be true and correct in all material respects as of the date hereof and as of the Closing with the same force and effect as if made as of the Closing and (ii) that are qualified by materiality will be true and correct in all respects as of the date hereof and as of the Closing with the same force and effect as if made as of the Closing, in each case, other than representations and warranties that expressly speak only as of a specific date or time, which will be true and correct as of such specified date or time.

(b)             Performance .  The Company and the Securityholders will have performed and complied in all material respects, with all agreements, obligations and covenants contained in this Agreement that are required to be performed or complied with by it, him or her at or prior to the Closing.

(c)             No Material Adverse Effect .  From the date of this Agreement, there shall not have occurred any Material Adverse Effect, nor shall any event or events have occurred that, individually or in the aggregate, with or without the lapse of time, could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

(d)             95% Approval Requirement .  Parent shall have received properly filled out and delivered unrevoked Letters of Transmittal, Option Cancellation Agreements and Warrant Cancellation Agreements, as applicable, and Agreements to be Bound sufficient to satisfy the 95% Condition.

(e)             Approvals . All material approvals from any Governmental Authority reasonably deemed appropriate or necessary by Parent shall have been timely obtained (and all conditions relating to such approvals shall have been satisfied).
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(f)            Consents .  All consents from third parties reasonably deemed appropriate or necessary by Parent shall have been timely obtained (and all conditions relating to such approvals shall have been satisfied).

(g)             Government Action . There shall not be threatened or pending any Action by any Governmental Authority:

(i)             seeking to prohibit or impose any material limitations on Parent’s ownership or operation (or that of any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates) of all or a material portion of their or the Company’s businesses or assets, or to compel Parent or the Company or any of their respective Subsidiaries or Affiliates to dispose of or hold separate any material portion of the business or assets of the Company or Parent or any of their respective Subsidiaries or Affiliates;

(ii)            seeking to impose material limitations on the ability of Parent,   or rendering Parent unable, to accept for payment some or all of the Shares or consummate the   Closing; or

(iii)           seeking to impose material limitations on the ability of Parent effectively to exercise full rights of ownership of the Company.

(h)             Employment Agreements and Noncompetes .  Each of the Key Executives shall have executed and delivered to Parent an Employment Agreement and each of the Key Board Members shall have executed and delivered to Parent a Noncompete, which, in each case, shall be in full force and effect.

(i)              Certificates of Good Standing .  Parent shall receive a certificate of good standing from the Secretary of State or equivalent from the applicable state of formation for the Company and each of its Subsidiaries, dated within three (3) Business Days prior to Closing.

(j)              Secretary Certificate . Parent shall receive (I) a certificate in customary form of the secretary or other officer of the Company dated as of the Closing Date and attaching with respect to the Company true and complete copies of (i) the Company’s certificate of incorporation and all amendments thereto, in effect as of the Closing Date (ii) the bylaws of the Company and all amendments thereto, in effect as of the Closing Date, and (iii) all resolutions of the board of directors and stockholders of the Company relating to the approval of the Company’s execution of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and certifying that such resolutions are still in full force and effect as of the date hereof and have not been amended, modified, terminated, or rescinded, and (II) a certificate of the secretary or other officer of the Company certifying the names and signatures of the officers of the Company authorized to sign this Agreement, the Transaction Documents and the other documents to be delivered hereunder and thereunder;

(k)             FIRPTA Certificate . Parent shall receive a certificate, dated as of the Closing Date, executed and delivered to Parent by the Company which meets the requirements of Treasury Regulation Section 1.1445-2(c)(3).
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(l)              Closing Debt .  Parent shall have received Payoff Letters with respect to the Closing Date, which expressly provide that all Liens securing such Debt shall be released upon the payment of the amounts set forth therein to the extent such Debt is secured by a Lien on any of the assets of the Company and termination statement, release and other appropriate evidence reasonably requested by Parent to the effect that no Liens against any of the assets of the Company other than Permitted Encumbrances exist as of the Closing Date with respect to such Debt.

(m)            Escrow Agreement . Parent shall have received a copy of the Escrow Agreement, duly executed by the Representative and the Escrow Agent, which shall be in full force and effect.

(n)             Resignations . Parent shall have received the resignations of all of the directors of the Company to be effective upon the Effective Time.

(o)             Compliance Certificate .  Parent shall have received a certificate signed by an executive officer of the Company, dated the Closing Date, to the effect that the conditions set forth in Sections 6.2(a) , (b) , and (c) have been satisfied.

(p)             Bank Accounts .  Resolutions of the Company Board changing the authorized signatories on all banking and investment accounts of the Company and all of its Subsidiaries from the prior signatories to signatories designated by Parent at least three (3) Business Days prior to the Closing.

6.3.          Additional Conditions to the Company’s Obligations .  The obligations of the Stockholders and the Company to effect the transactions contemplated by this Agreement shall be subject to the satisfaction or waiver at or prior to the Closing of each of the following conditions:

(a)             Representations and Warranties .  The representations and warranties of Parent contained in this Agreement and any certificate delivered by Parent pursuant to this Agreement, without giving any effect to any materiality qualifier, will be true and correct as of the date hereof and as of the Closing with the same force and effect as if made as of the Closing,  (other than representations and warranties that expressly speak only as of a specific date or time, which will be true and correct as of such specified date or time), except where the failure to be so true and correct would not have a Parent Material Adverse Effect.

(b)             Performance .  Parent will have performed and complied with, in all material respects, all agreements, obligations and covenants contained in this Agreement that are required to be performed or complied with by Parent at or prior to the Closing.

(c)             Escrow Fund .  The Company shall have received a copy of the Escrow Agreement, duly executed by the Parent and the Escrow Agent.  Parent shall have delivered the Escrow Amount to the Escrow Fund pursuant to the terms of the Escrow Agreement.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(d)            Employment Agreement; MIP .  The Company shall have received a copy of each Employment Agreement, duly executed by the Parent, and Parent shall have adopted the MIP.

ARTICLE VII
TERMINATION

7.1.           Termination .  This Agreement may be terminated (the date on which the Agreement is terminated, the “ Termination Date ”) at any time prior to the Closing:

(a)             by the mutual written consent of the Company and Parent;

(b)             by Parent by written notice to the Company if:

(i)             neither Parent nor Merger Sub is then in material breach of any provision of this Agreement and there has been a breach, inaccuracy in or failure to perform any representation, warranty, covenant or agreement made by the Company or a Securityholder pursuant to this Agreement that would give rise to the failure of any of the conditions specified in Section 6.2 and such breach, inaccuracy or failure has not been cured by the Company or such Securityholder within ten (10) days of the Company’s receipt of written notice of such breach from Parent; provided , however , that if such breach, inaccuracy or failure is not capable of being cured within such ten (10) day period but is otherwise curable, then the Company shall have thirty (30) days to cure such breach, inaccuracy or failure before Parent may provide written notice of termination; or

(ii)            any of the conditions set forth in Section 6.1 or Section 6.2 shall not have been, or if it becomes apparent that any of such conditions will not be, fulfilled by 5:00 p.m. (Los Angeles time) on the date that is sixty (60) days after the date of this Agreement, unless such failure shall be due to the failure of Parent to perform or comply with any of the covenants, agreements or conditions hereof to be performed or complied with by it prior to the Closing;

(c)            by the Company by written notice to Parent if:

(i)             the Company is not then in material breach of any provision of this Agreement and there has been a breach, inaccuracy in or failure to perform any representation, warranty, covenant or agreement made by Parent or Merger Sub pursuant to this Agreement that would give rise to the failure of any of the conditions specified in Section 6.3 and such breach, inaccuracy or failure has not been cured by Parent or Merger Sub within ten (10) days of Parent’s receipt of written notice of such breach from the Company; provided , however , that if such breach, inaccuracy or failure is not capable of being cured within such ten (10) day period but is otherwise curable, then the Parent shall have thirty (30) days to cure such breach, inaccuracy or failure before the Company may provide written notice of termination; or

(ii)            any of the conditions set forth in Section 6.1 or Section 6.3 shall not have been, or if it becomes apparent that any of such conditions will not be, fulfilled by 5:00 p.m. (Los Angeles time) on the date that is sixty (60) days after the date of this Agreement, unless such failure shall be due to the failure of the Company or a Securityholder to perform or comply with any of the covenants, agreements or conditions hereof to be performed or complied with by it, them, him or her, prior to the Closing; or
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(d)            by Parent or the Company if:

(i)             there shall be any Applicable Laws that makes consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement illegal or otherwise prohibited or any Governmental Authority shall have issued a Governmental Order restraining or enjoining the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and such Governmental Order shall have become final and non-appealable; or

(ii)            within twenty-four (24) hours following the execution and delivery of this Agreement by all of the parties hereto, the Company shall not have delivered to Parent a copy of the executed the Written Consent evidencing receipt of the Stockholder Approval with respect to the Merger Agreement and copies of Agreements to be Bound representing a majority of the Shares outstanding on the date hereof.

(iii)           Closing shall not have occurred on or before 5:00 p.m. on the date that is sixty-five (65) days from the date hereof; provided , that the right to terminate this Agreement under this clause (iii) shall not be available to any party whose breach of this Agreement has been the cause of, or resulted in, the failure of the Closing to occur on or before such date.

7.2.           Effect of Termination .  In the event of the termination of this Agreement pursuant to Section 7.1 , this Agreement, and all of its provisions will thereafter be null and void and have no further force and effect and all other rights and Liabilities of the parties hereunder will terminate without any Liability of any party to any other party, except for Section 5.5 , Section 5.13 , Section 7.1 , this Section 7.2 and Article IX which shall survive any such termination.  Nothing in this Section 7.2 shall relieve any party of liability for any breach of this Agreement on or prior to the Termination Date or in the case of actual fraud or intentional misrepresentation.

7.3.           Return of Information .  Within 10 Business Days following termination of this Agreement in accordance with Section 7.1 , upon written request by the Company, Parent shall and shall cause its respective Affiliates and representatives to return to the Company or destroy all Evaluation Material (as defined in the Confidentiality Agreement) furnished or made available to Parent and its respective Affiliates and representatives by or on behalf of the Company and all analyses, compilations, data, studies, notes, interpretations, memoranda or other documents prepared by the Parent or any of its respective Affiliates or representatives (including electronic copies thereof) that refer to, relate to, discuss or contain, or are based on, in whole or in part, any such Evaluation Material.  Parent shall deliver a certificate signed by its Chief Executive Officer, which certificate shall provide evidence reasonably substantiating the return or destruction of the Information as required under this Section 7.3 .
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
ARTICLE VIII
INDEMNIFICATION

8.1.           Survival of Representations, Warranties, Covenants and Agreements .  All representations and warranties of the Company, Parent and Merger Sub contained in this Agreement, and those made by Securityholders by their (i) Letter of Transmittal, Option Cancellation Agreement and/or Warrant Cancellation Agreement, as applicable, and (ii) their Agreement to be Bound shall survive the Closing and continue until the Escrow Termination Date, after which time all such representations and warranties shall terminate; provided , however , that, pursuant to 10 Del. C. Section 8106(c), the representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.1 (Organizational Matters), Section 3.2 (Capital Structure), Section 3.3 (Authority and Due Execution), subsection (a)(i) and (ii) and subsections   (c) and (d) of Section 3.4 (Non-Contravention and Consents), Section 3.7   (Taxes), Section 3.12 (Brokers’ and Finders’ Fees), Section 3.14   (Employee Benefit Plans), and all the representations and warranties in each Letter of Transmittal, Option Cancellation Agreement and Warrant Cancellation Agreement and Agreement to be Bound   (collectively, the “ Fundamental Representations ”), and the representations and warranties set forth in Section 4.1 (Organizational Matters), Section 4.2 (Authority and Due Execution), Section 4.3   (Non-Contravention and Consents), and Section 4.6   (Brokers or Finders), will survive until sixty (60) days following the expiration of the applicable statute of limitations for such matters; provided   further that any claim made with reasonable specificity by the party seeking to be indemnified within the time periods set forth in this Section 8.1 shall survive until such claim is finally and fully resolved.  The covenants and agreements of the Company and Parent in this Agreement and the covenants and the agreements of the Securityholders in their respective Letter of Transmittal, Option Cancellation Agreement and/or Warrant Cancellation Agreement and Agreement to be Bound shall survive the Closing in accordance with their terms, with such covenants and agreements terminating upon full performance by the applicable Person, as the case may be.  For the avoidance of doubt, the covenants and other agreements of Parent and Merger Sub set forth in Article V shall survive the Effective Time until fully performed.  The parties specifically intend that the statutory statutes of limitations applicable to the respective representations and warranties be superseded and replaced by the survival periods contained herein.

8.2.           Indemnification of the Parent Indemnified Persons by Securityholders .  Subject to the limitations on recourse and recovery set forth in this Article VIII , and without limiting the liability of Securityholders under their respective Letters of Transmittal, Option Cancellation Agreement and/or Warrant Cancellation Agreement and Agreements to be Bound, from and after the Closing, the Securityholders shall severally (but not jointly), pro rata in accordance with their respective Pro Rata Shares, indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Parent Indemnified Persons from and against any and all Losses of any Parent Indemnified Person after the Closing, in connection with, arising out of or resulting from (any of such Losses, a “ Parent Indemnification Claim ”):

(a)             the inaccuracy or breach of any representation or warranty made by the Company in Article III , in any other Transaction Document, or in any certificate delivered by or on behalf of the Company to Parent prior to the Closing pursuant to this Agreement or any other Transaction Document;
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(b)            any nonfulfillment or breach by the Company of any covenant or agreement made in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document; provided , however , that the Securityholders shall not be obligated to indemnify or hold harmless any Parent Indemnified Person for any Losses arising out of any breach by the Company that occurs after the Closing Date of any covenant or agreement that by its terms contemplates performance after the Closing Date;

(c)             any Securityholder Taxes;

(d)             any Company Transaction Costs owed or payable to any Person by any Parent Indemnified Person after the Closing Date;

(e)             Debt to the extent not included in the calculation of the Closing Merger Consideration; or

(f)              any amounts due to a Stockholder in respect of Dissenting Shares held by such Stockholder in excess of the consideration such Stockholder would otherwise have been entitled to receive pursuant to this Agreement if such Stockholder had not perfected appraisal rights pursuant to Section 262 of the DGCL.

8.3.           Indemnification of the Securityholder Indemnified Persons .  Subject to the limitations on recourse and recovery set forth in this Article VIII , from and after the Closing, Parent and the Surviving Corporation, jointly and severally, shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Securityholder Indemnified Persons from and against any and all Losses of any Securityholder Indemnified Person after the Closing in connection with, arising out of or resulting from (any of such Losses, a “ Securityholder Indemnification Claim ”):

(a)             the inaccuracy or breach of any representation or warranty made by Parent or Merger Sub in Article IV , in any other Transaction Document, or in any certificate delivered by or on behalf of Parent or Merger Sub or to the Company or for the benefit of the Securityholders in connection with this Agreement or any other Transaction Document; or

(b)            any nonfulfillment or breach of any covenant or agreement (i) made by Parent or Merger Sub under this Agreement or any other Transaction Document or (ii) made by the Surviving Corporation under this Agreement or any other Transaction Document and which is required to be performed after the Closing.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
8.4.           Limitations .

(a)             Minimum Loss .  If any claims for indemnification by Parent Indemnified Persons relating to any single event or series of related events that is indemnifiable under Sections 8.2(a) results in aggregate Losses to Parent Indemnified Persons that do not exceed [***] (the “ Mini-Basket ”), such Losses shall not be deemed to be Losses under this Agreement, shall not be considered in determining whether the Minimum Loss has been met, and shall not be eligible for indemnification under this Article VIII ; provided , however , that the Mini-Basket shall not apply to any Fundamental Representations or any other representations and warranties that by their terms are qualified by materiality.  The Parent Indemnified Persons shall not be entitled to be indemnified for Losses pursuant to Section 8.2(a) unless and until the aggregate amount of all such Losses exceeds [***] (the “ Minimum Loss ”); provided , however , that Losses relating to a breach of any representation or warranty made by the Company in subsections   (b) and (c) of Section 3.13 (Employment Matters) shall not be subject to the Minimum Loss.  After the Minimum Loss is exceeded, Parent Indemnified Persons shall be entitled to be paid the entire amount of any Losses pursuant to Sections 8.2(a)   including the Minimum Loss, subject to the limitations on recovery and recourse set forth in this Agreement.  The limitations of this Section 8.4(a) shall not apply to any Parent Indemnification Claim (i) arising under or with respect to any of the Fundamental Representations, (ii) arising out of or relating to the actual fraud or intentional misrepresentation by the Company in respect of a representation set forth in this Agreement, or (iii) for the avoidance of doubt, any Excluded Claims.

(b)             Limitation as to Time . No Indemnifying Person shall be liable for any Losses that are indemnifiable under Sections 8.2 (a) or 8.3 (a) unless a written claim for indemnification under this Agreement is delivered by the Indemnified Person to the Indemnifying Person with respect thereto prior to midnight, Pacific time, on the last day of the respective survival period (if any) as specified in Section 8.1 ; provided , however , that the foregoing limitations shall not apply to the Excluded Claims.

(c)             Remedies; Recourse Against Escrowed Funds .

(i)             Except as provided in Section 8.11 , each of Parent, Merger Sub and the Securityholders acknowledge and agree that, after the Closing, the sole and exclusive remedy of the Parent Indemnified Persons and the Securityholder Indemnified Persons with respect to claims for Losses or otherwise, including those that are indemnifiable under Sections 8.2 and 8.3 , in connection with, arising out of or resulting from the subject matter of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby shall be in accordance with, and limited solely to indemnification under, the provisions of this Article VIII and, with respect to Parent Indemnification Claims, the Escrow Agreement.

(ii)            Except in the case of actual fraud, intentional misrepresentation and Fundamental Representations, each of Parent, Merger Sub and the Surviving Corporation further acknowledges and agrees that the amounts held in the Escrow Account shall be the sole and exclusive source of funds for satisfaction of all claims by Parent Indemnified Persons for Losses indemnifiable under Section 8.2(a) , in connection with, arising out of or resulting from the subject matter of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. With respect to actual fraud, intentional misrepresentation, Fundamental Representations and the Excluded Claims, the Company and the Securityholders acknowledge and agree that the Parent Indemnified Persons are not limited to the Escrow Account for Losses shall have the right, subject to the limitations set forth in this Article VIII , to proceed against Stockholders over and above the Escrow Account for such matters, provided, however , that Parent Indemnified Persons shall satisfy any claims with respect to Fundamental Representations and Excluded Claims (other than in respect of breaches of covenants by the Company prior to the Closing) first from the Escrow Account and second, only if the Escrow Account has been fully exhausted or released, and subject to the limitations set forth in this Agreement, the Stockholders; provided, further , that for purposes of determining when the Escrow Account has been exhausted, (A) the existence of timely claims made thereon in excess of the amount available therein shall be deemed to have exhausted the Escrow Account solely for purposes of determining the Parent Indemnified Persons’ right to proceed against Securityholders and (B) the Parent Indemnified Persons shall have the right if it chooses to specify the order in which claims that are otherwise timely made are to be decided or deducted from the Escrow Account so as to afford Parent Indemnified Persons the ability to use the Escrow Account first for claims other than those involving fraud, Fundamental Representations or Excluded Claims.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(d)            Maximum Liability . Except in the case of Fundamental Representations, no Securityholder or other Securityholder Indemnified Person shall have any liability with respect to Losses that are indemnifiable under Section 8.2(a) of this Agreement to the Parent Indemnified Persons in connection with this Agreement or any other Transaction Documents or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, other than such Securityholder’s Pro Rata Share of the Escrow Amount, which shall be available to satisfy Losses of Parent Indemnified Persons, subject to and in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and the Escrow Agreement.  Except in the case of actual fraud or intentional misrepresentation or as provided in each Agreement to be Bound with respect to the party thereto to the extent provided therein, no Securityholder or other Securityholder Indemnified Person shall have any liability with respect to Losses that are indemnifiable under this Agreement to the Parent Indemnified Persons in connection with this Agreement or any other Transaction Documents or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby (including with respect to the Excluded Claims and Fundamental Representations) in excess of such Securityholder’s Pro Rata Share of such Parent Indemnification Claim, and except in the case of actual fraud or intentional misrepresentation, in no event in excess of the cash proceeds actually received by such Securityholder pursuant to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.  Neither Parent, Merger Sub, the Surviving Corporation or any Parent Indemnified Person shall have any liability with respect to Losses that are indemnifiable under Section 8.3(a) of this Agreement to the Securityholder Indemnified Persons in excess of the Escrow Amount. Parent and the Surviving Corporation, on their own behalf and on behalf of each other Parent Indemnified Person, hereby covenant forever not to assert, file, prosecute, commence, institute (or sponsor or purposely facilitate any Person in connection with the foregoing), any complaint or lawsuit or any legal, equitable, arbitral or administrative proceeding of any nature, against any of the Securityholders in connection with any Parent Indemnification Claim other than any such claims or proceedings in accordance with this Agreement.

(e)             Characterization of Payments .  For all U.S. federal and applicable state income Tax purposes, the parties agree to treat (and shall cause each of their respective Affiliates to treat) any indemnity payment under this Agreement (other than an indemnity payment under Section 10.2 ) as an adjustment to the consideration payable to the Securityholders pursuant to Article II unless a final and nonappealable determination by an appropriate Governmental Authority (which shall include the execution of an IRS Form 870‑AD or successor form) provides otherwise; provided , that the Indemnifying Person’s prior written consent (which will not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed) will be obtained by the Indemnified Person who seeks to accept, via a settlement or compromise with any such Governmental Authority, a position that is contrary to treatment of an indemnity payment as an adjustment to the consideration payable to the Securityholder pursuant to Article II .
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(f)            Materiality .  For purposes of determining the amount of any Loss indemnifiable by the Stockholders pursuant to Article VIII (and not for determining whether or not any breach of any representation or warranty has occurred), such Loss shall be determined without regard to any materiality, Material Adverse Effect or other similar qualification contained in or otherwise applicable to such representation or warranty.

8.5.           Indemnification Procedure .

(a)             An Indemnified Person that seeks indemnity under this Article VIII   will give written notice certified by an officer of the Indemnified Person (an “ Officer’s Certificate ”) to the Indemnifying Person containing (i) a description and, if known, the estimated amount of any Losses incurred or reasonably expected to be incurred by the Indemnified Person (including, if appropriate, an estimate of all costs and expenses reasonably expected to be incurred by the Indemnified Person by reason of such claim), (ii) a reasonably detailed explanation of the basis for the Officer’s Certificate to the extent of the facts then known by the Indemnified Person, and (iii) a demand for payment of those Losses, provided , however , that in order to be valid any such Officer’s Certificate must be delivered to the Indemnifying Person or prior to the expiration, if applicable, of any applicable representations as set forth in Section 8.1 .  Within forty-five (45) days after delivery of an Officer’s Certificate, the Indemnifying Person may deliver to the Indemnified Person a written response in which the Indemnifying Person will either (A) agree that the Indemnified Person is entitled to receive payment of all of the Losses at issue in the Officer’s Certificate or (B) dispute the Indemnified Person’s entitlement to indemnification by delivering a notice of objection to the Indemnified Person (the “ Indemnity   Objection Notice ”) setting forth in reasonable detail each disputed item, the basis for each such disputed item and certifying that all such disputed items are being disputed in good faith.  If the Indemnifying Person takes neither of the foregoing actions within forty-five (45) days after delivery of the Officer’s Certificate, then the Indemnifying Person will be deemed to have irrevocably accepted the Officer’s Certificate.  If the Indemnifying Person delivers an Objection Notice to the Indemnified Party, then the Indemnified Party and the Indemnifying Person will attempt in good faith, for a period of thirty (30) days from the Indemnified Person’s receipt of the Indemnity Objection Notice, to agree to the amount of the Losses at issue in the Officer’s Certificate.  Any resolution by the Indemnified Person and the Indemnifying Person during such thirty (30) day period as to any or all of the Losses at issue in the Officer’s Certificate will be final and binding with respect to such Losses.  With respect to Losses at issue in the Officer’s Certificate which are not resolved by the end of thirty (30) day period, the amount of such Losses at issue in the Officer’s Certificate (less the amount, if any, acknowledged in the Indemnity Objection Notice by the Indemnifying Person as due the Indemnified Person), will be treated as a disputed claim to be settled pursuant to the terms of this Agreement.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(b)             The Indemnifying Person may, at its election and expense, undertake and conduct the defense of a third party claim (a “ Third Party Claim ”) so long as (i) the Indemnifying Person gives written notice to the Indemnified Person within fifteen (15) days after the Indemnified Person has given notice of the Third Party Claim that the Indemnifying Person will indemnify the Indemnified Person from and against the entirety of any and all Losses the Indemnified Person may suffer resulting from, arising out of, relating to, in the nature of, or caused by the Third Party Claim, (ii) the Indemnifying Person provides the Indemnified Party with evidence reasonably acceptable to the Indemnified Person that the Indemnifying Person will have adequate financial resources to defend against the Third Party Claim and fulfill its indemnification obligations hereunder, (iii) the Third Party Claim involves only money damages not in excess of the limitations set forth herein and the Third Party Claim does not seek an injunction or other equitable relief against the Indemnified Person, (iv) the Third Party Claim does not relate to or otherwise arise in connection with any criminal action, (v) the settlement or an adverse judgment of the Third Party Claim is not, in the good faith judgment of the Indemnified Person, likely to be adverse to the Indemnified Person’s reputation or continuing business interests (including its relationships with current or potential customers, suppliers or other parties material to the conduct of its business), (vi) the Indemnifying Person conducts the defense of the Third Party Claim actively, competently and diligently, and (vii) the Third Party Claim does not involve any claim in respect of Taxes or any Governmental Authority. Should an Indemnifying Person so elect to assume the defense of a Third Party Claim, the Indemnifying Person will not be liable to the Indemnified Person for legal expenses subsequently incurred by the Indemnified Person in connection with the defense thereof. If the Indemnifying Person assumes such defense, the Indemnified Person will have the right to participate in the defense thereof and to employ counsel, at its own expense (unless there are one or more legal defenses available to the Indemnified Person that conflict with those available to the Indemnifying Person or the representation of both parties by the same counsel would be inappropriate due to actual conflicting interests between them, in which case the expenses of such separate counsel shall be borne by the Indemnifying Person), separate from the counsel employed by the Indemnifying Person, it being understood, however, that the Indemnifying Person will control such defense. The Indemnifying Person will be liable for the fees and expenses of counsel employed by the Indemnified Person for any period during which the Indemnifying Person has not assumed the defense thereof.

(c)             If the Indemnifying Person chooses to defend any Third Party Claim and is entitled to assume the defense of a Third-Party Claim pursuant to Section 8.5(b) , all the parties hereto will cooperate in the defense or prosecution of such Third Party Claim.  Such cooperation will include the retention and (upon the Indemnifying Party’s request) the provision to the Indemnifying Person of records and information which are reasonably relevant to such Third Party Claim, and making employees and other representatives and advisors available on a mutually convenient basis to provide additional information and explanation of any material provided hereunder. The Indemnifying Person will not consent to the entry of any judgment or enter into any compromise or settlement with respect to the Third Party Claim without the prior written consent of the Indemnified Person unless such judgment, compromise or settlement (i) provides for the payment by the Indemnifying Person of money as sole relief for the claimant, (ii) results in the full and general release of the Indemnified Person from all Losses arising or relating to, or in connection with, the Third Party Claim and (iii) involves no finding or admission of any violation of any Applicable Law or the rights of any Person and no effect on any other claims that may be made against the Indemnified Person. Whether or not the Indemnifying Person will have assumed the defense of a Third Party Claim, an Indemnified Person shall not admit any liability with respect to, or settle, compromise or discharge, any Third Party Claim without the prior written consent of Indemnifying Person, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Article VIII , each Indemnifying Person hereby consents to the nonexclusive jurisdiction of any court in which an Action in respect of a Third Party Claim is brought against any Indemnified Person for purposes of any claim that an Indemnified Person may have under this Agreement with respect to such Action or the matters alleged therein and agrees that process may be served on each Indemnifying Person with respect to such claim anywhere.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(d)             The Indemnifying Person shall not be entitled to require that any Action be made or brought against any other Person before action is brought or claim is made against it hereunder by the Indemnified Person.

(e)             If the Indemnified Person shall assume the control of the defense of any Third Party Claim in accordance with the provisions of this Section 8.5 , (i) the Indemnified Person shall obtain the prior written consent of the Indemnifying Person (which shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed longer than five (5) Business Days) before entering into any settlement, compromise, admission or acknowledgement of the validity of such Third Party Claim and (ii) the Indemnifying Person shall be entitled to participate, at its cost and expense, in the defense of such Third Party Claim and to employ separate counsel of its choice for such purpose provided that all control of the defense shall remain with the Indemnified Person.

8.6.          Effect of Investigation .  The representations, warranties and covenants of the Indemnifying Person, and the Indemnified Person’s right to indemnification with respect thereto, shall not be affected or deemed waived by reason of any investigation made by or on behalf of the Indemnified Person or by reason of the fact that the Indemnified Person knew or should have known that any such representation or warranty is, was or might be inaccurate.

8.7.           No Recovery .  Neither the Securityholders nor any of their respective Affiliates will have any right of contribution or indemnification from Parent or the Company for Liabilities for such Person’s obligations pursuant to this Article VIII or for any claim for which the Securityholders may be responsible to indemnify the Indemnified Parties.

8.8.           Insurance and Other Third Party Recoveries .  The amount of any Losses for which indemnification is provided under this Article VIII shall be net of (i) of any insurance amounts actually recovered from insurance carriers and (ii) amounts recovered from other third Persons related to the same underlying facts as such indemnification, in each case under clauses (i) and (ii) when and to the extent actually received by an Indemnified Person with respect to such Losses (less any direct out-of pocket expenses of collection and any increase in premiums in the case of insurance).  If such Indemnified Person shall recover any such insurance recoveries or other third party amounts at any time after an Indemnifying Person has made payments hereunder such that an Indemnified Person has recovered from the Indemnifying Person the Losses in full, the Indemnified Person shall promptly reimburse the Indemnifying Person in the amount of such amounts actually received (net of any direct out-of-pocket expenses of collection and any increase in premiums).  In connection with any Losses which may reasonably be expected to result in Parent receiving insurance proceeds for such specific Losses, Parent agrees to file a notice of claim under such insurance policies within a reasonable period following Parent providing an Officer’s Certificate under Section 8.5 .  Notwithstanding anything hereunder, nothing herein shall require a Parent Indemnified Person to delay seeking and recovering such Losses from the Escrow Account or from any Securityholders or to pursue or continue any Action against an insurance provider or other party other than the requirement to submit such a notice of claim in the case of an insurance provider.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
8.9.           Tax Benefit .  If an Indemnified Person realizes a Tax Benefit in respect of a Loss which is actually indemnified hereunder in the year the Loss is incurred or the succeeding year thereafter, such Indemnified Person shall promptly, but in no event later than ten (10) calendar days after such time that such Tax Benefit is actually realized by such Indemnified Person, pay the amount of such Tax Benefit to the Indemnifying Person.  A Tax Benefit shall be actually realized by the Indemnified Person (in cash savings or cash outlays) upon the receipt of a refund of Taxes paid or the filing of a Tax Return, including an estimated Tax Return, showing a Tax Benefit (or, if earlier, the date when such a Tax Return should have been timely filed, including properly obtained extensions). For purposes hereof, “ Tax Benefit ” shall mean (i) any refund of Taxes paid in respect of the amount of the Loss actually indemnified or (ii) the amount by which such Indemnified Person’s Liability for Taxes through a taxable period, calculated by excluding the relevant amount of credit, deduction, or Loss in respect of the amount of the Loss actually indemnified, would exceed such Indemnified Person’s actual Liability for Taxes through such period, calculated by taking into account the relevant amount of credit, deduction, or Loss in respect of the amount of the Loss actually indemnified.

8.10.        Nature of Indemnification Payments .  Any and all indemnification payments pursuant to this Article VIII shall be deemed for all purposes to be adjustments to the Base Purchase Price.

8.11.        Exclusive Remedy .  The exclusive remedy provisions of this Article VIII shall not operate to (i) interfere with or impede the operation of the provisions of Section 2.12 providing for the resolution of certain disputes relating to the Final Adjustment Amount or (ii) limit the rights of the parties to seek equitable remedies (including specific performance or injunctive relief) or to redress actual fraud, intentional misrepresentation, willful misconduct or criminal activity on the part of a party hereto in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

ARTICLE IX
GENERAL PROVISIONS

9.1.           Amendment and Modification .  This Agreement may be amended by the Company, Parent, Merger Sub and the Representative; provided , that no amendment shall be made by the Company which, by Applicable Law, requires further approval by such party’s stockholders without such further approval.

9.2.           Waiver of Compliance .  Any failure of Parent or Merger Sub, on the one hand, or the Company (prior to Closing) or the Representative (including on behalf of the Securityholders), on the other hand, to comply with any obligation, covenant, agreement or condition contained herein may be waived only if set forth in an instrument in writing signed by the party or parties whose benefit such obligation, covenant, agreement or condition was agreed to by the other party, but such waiver or failure to insist upon strict compliance with such obligation, covenant, agreement or condition shall not operate as a waiver of, or estoppel with respect to, any other failure.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
9.3.           Severability .  If any term or other provision of this Agreement is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced by any Applicable Law or public policy, all other terms and provisions of this Agreement shall nevertheless remain in full force and effect so long as the economic or legal substance of the transactions contemplated herein is not affected in any manner materially adverse to any party.  Upon any determination by a Governmental Authority that any term or other provision hereof is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced, the Governmental Authority making such determination is authorized and instructed to modify this Agreement so as to effect the original intent of the parties as closely as possible in order that the transactions contemplated herein are consummated as originally contemplated to the fullest extent possible.

9.4.           Expenses and Obligations .  Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, all costs and expenses incurred by the parties hereto in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement shall be borne solely and entirely by the party that has incurred such expenses.

9.5.           Parties in Interest .  This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure solely to the benefit of each party hereto and its successors and permitted assigns.  Nothing in this Agreement is intended to confer upon any other Person any rights or remedies of any nature whatsoever under or by reason of this Agreement except as expressly set forth herein.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, (i) from and after the Closing, each of Section 5.4 , 5.19 and 5.20 , Article VIII , this Article IX and Article X is made for the benefit of the Securityholders and the Persons specifically named as beneficiaries thereof, and (ii) from and after the Closing, each of the Securityholders and the Representative shall be entitled to enforce such provisions and to avail themselves of the benefits of any remedy for any breach of such provisions, all to the same extent as if such Persons were parties to this Agreement.

9.6.           Notices .  All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed given if delivered by hand, mailed by registered or certified mail (return receipt requested), sent by email or sent by Federal Express or other recognized overnight courier to the parties at the following addresses (or at such other address for a party as shall be specified by like notice):

(a)             If to Parent or Merger Sub, to:

Stamps.com Inc.
1990 E. Grand Ave.
El Segunda, CA 90245
Attention: Seth Weisberg, Esq.
Email: sweisberg@stamps.com

with copies (which shall not constitute notice) to :
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Manatt, Phelps & Phillips, LLP
11355 West Olympic Blvd. Suite 1000
Los Angeles, CA 90064
Attention: Ben D. Orlanski
Email: borlanski@manatt.com

(b)            If to the Company, to:

ShippingEasy Group, Inc.
609 Castle Ridge Rd
Austin, TX 78746
Attention:  Katie May
Email: katie@shippingeasy.com

with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to :

Vinson & Elkins L.L.P.
2801 Via Fortuna, Suite 100
Austin, Texas 78746
Attention:  Wes Jones
Email:  wjones@velaw.com

(c)            If to the Representative or the Securityholders, to:

Tim Jugmans
[***]
 
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to :

Vinson & Elkins L.L.P.
2801 Via Fortuna, Suite 100
Austin, Texas 78746
Attention:  Wes Jones
Email:  wjones@velaw.com

Any of the above addresses may be changed at any time by notice given as provided above; provided , that any such notice of change of address shall be effective only upon receipt.  All notices, requests or instructions given in accordance herewith shall be deemed received on the date of delivery, if hand delivered, at the time of transmission, if transmitted by email, three Business Days after the date of mailing, if mailed by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested and one Business Day after the date of sending, if sent by Federal Express or other recognized overnight courier.

9.7.          Counterparts .  This Agreement may be executed and delivered in one or more counterparts (including by means of telecopied signature pages or electronic transmission in portable document format (pdf) or other format), all of which shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when one or more counterparts have been signed by each of the parties and delivered to the other parties, it being understood that all parties need not sign the same counterpart.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
9.8.           Time .  Time is of the essence in each and every provision of this Agreement.

9.9.           Entire Agreement .  This Agreement (which term shall be deemed to include the exhibits and schedules hereto and the other certificates, documents and instruments delivered hereunder), the other Transaction Documents and the Confidentiality Agreement constitute the entire agreement of the parties hereto and supersede all prior agreements, letters of intent and understandings, both written and oral, among the parties with respect to the subject matter of this Agreement, the other Transaction Documents and the Confidentiality Agreement.

9.10.         Attorneys’ Fees .  Prior to the Closing, each party in any dispute hereunder shall be responsible for its own out-of-pocket attorneys’ fees and costs.  Following the Closing, the prevailing party in any dispute hereunder shall be entitled, in addition to such other recovery or award as may be obtained, its reasonable out-of-pocket attorneys’ fees and costs.

9.11.         Assignment .  Prior to the Closing, neither this Agreement nor any of the rights, interests or obligations hereunder may be assigned or delegated, in whole or in part, whether by operation of law or otherwise, by any party without the prior written consent of Parent (in the case of an assignment by the Company) or the Company (in the case of an assignment by Parent or Merger Sub), and any such assignment in violation of the foregoing shall be null and void; provided , that no assignment shall limit the assignor’s obligations hereunder.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, any assignment of or security interest in Parent’s hereunder rights deemed to occur solely by virtue of the general pledge provisions in Parent’s secured credit agreement shall not be deemed a violation of this Section 9.11 .

9.12.        Rules of Construction .

(a)             Each of the parties acknowledges that it has been represented by independent legal counsel of its choice throughout all negotiations that have preceded the execution of this Agreement and that it has executed the same with consent and upon the advice of said independent counsel.  Each party and its counsel cooperated in the drafting and preparation of this Agreement and the documents referred to herein, and any and all drafts relating thereto shall be deemed the work product of the parties and may not be construed against any party by reason of its preparation.  Accordingly, any rule of Applicable Laws or any legal decision that would require interpretation of any ambiguities in this Agreement against any party that draft it is of no application and is hereby expressly waived.

(b)             The inclusion of any information in the Company Disclosure Schedule shall not be deemed an admission or acknowledgment, in and of itself and solely by virtue of the inclusion of such information in the Company Disclosure Schedule, that such information is required to be listed in the Company Disclosure Schedule or that such items are material to the Company or Parent, as the case may be.  The headings, if any, of the individual sections of each of the Company Disclosure Schedule are inserted for convenience only and shall not be deemed to constitute a part thereof or a part of this Agreement.  The Company Disclosure Schedule are arranged in sections corresponding to those contained in this Agreement merely for convenience, and, except as expressly set forth on the Company Disclosure Schedule, the disclosure of an item in one section of the Company Disclosure Schedule as an exception to a particular representation or warranty shall be deemed adequately disclosed as an exception with respect to all other representations or warranties to the extent that the relevance of such item to such representations or warranties is reasonably apparent on the face of such item, notwithstanding the presence or absence of an appropriate section of the Company Disclosure Schedule with respect to such other representations or warranties or an appropriate cross reference thereto.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(c)             The specification of any dollar amount in the representations and warranties or otherwise in this Agreement or in the Company Disclosure Schedule is not intended and shall not be deemed to be an admission or acknowledgment in and of itself of the materiality of such amounts or items, nor shall the same be used in and of itself in any dispute or controversy between the parties to determine whether any obligation, item or matter (whether or not described herein or included in any schedule) is or is not material for purposes of this Agreement.

(d)             All references in this Agreement to Exhibits, Schedules, Articles, Sections, subsections and other subdivisions refer to the corresponding Exhibits, Schedules, Articles, Sections, subsections and other subdivisions of this Agreement unless expressly provided otherwise.  Titles appearing at the beginning of any Articles, Sections, subsections or other subdivisions of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only, do not constitute any part of such Articles, Sections, subsections or other subdivisions, and shall be disregarded in construing the language contained therein.  The words “ this Agreement ,” “ herein ,” “ hereby ,” “ hereunder ” and “ hereof ” and words of similar import, refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular subdivision unless expressly so limited.  The words “ this Section ,” “ this subsection ” and words of similar import, refer only to the Sections or subsections hereof in which such words occur.  The word “ including ” (in its various forms) means “ including, without limitation .”  The word “ or ” shall have the inclusive meaning represented by the phrase “ and/or .”  Pronouns in masculine, feminine or neuter genders shall be construed to state and include any other gender and words, terms and titles (including terms defined herein) in the singular form shall be construed to include the plural and vice versa, unless the context otherwise expressly requires.  Unless the context otherwise requires, all defined terms contained herein shall include the singular and plural and the conjunctive and disjunctive forms of such defined terms.  Unless the context otherwise requires, all references to a specific time shall refer to Central time.  All references to “$” are to U.S. dollars.

(e)             Notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, the parties hereto covenant and agree that no amount shall be (or is intended to be) included, in whole or in part (either as an increase or a reduction), more than once in the calculation of (including any component of) the Closing Merger Consideration or any component thereof or calculation relating thereto if the effect of such additional inclusion (either as an increase or a reduction) would be to cause such amount to be over or under counted for purposes of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

(f)             The parties hereto further covenant and agree that if any provision of this Agreement requires an amount or calculation to be “ determined in accordance with this Agreement and GAAP ” (or words of similar import), then to the extent that the terms of this Agreement conflict with, or are inconsistent with, GAAP in connection with such determination, the terms of this Agreement shall control.
 
81

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
9.13.        Governing Law .  THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED AND ENFORCED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE, WITHOUT GIVING EFFECT TO ANY CONFLICTS OF LAW PRINCIPLES THAT WOULD RESULT IN THE APPLICABILITY OF ANY LAW OTHER THAN THE LAW OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE.

9.14.         Waiver of Jury Trial .  TO THE EXTENT NOT PROHIBITED BY APPLICABLE LAW THAT CANNOT BE WAIVED, EACH PARTY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES AND COVENANTS THAT IT WILL NOT ASSERT (WHETHER AS PLAINTIFF, DEFENDANT OR OTHERWISE) ANY RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY FORUM IN RESPECT OF ANY ISSUE, CLAIM, DEMAND, ACTION OR CAUSE OF ACTION ARISING IN WHOLE OR IN PART UNDER, RELATED TO, BASED ON, OR IN CONNECTION WITH, THIS AGREEMENT OR THE SUBJECT MATTER HEREOF, WHETHER NOW EXISTING OR HEREAFTER ARISING AND WHETHER SOUNDING IN TORT OR CONTRACT OR OTHERWISE.  ANY PARTY HERETO MAY FILE AN ORIGINAL COUNTERPART OR A COPY OF THIS SECTION 9.14 WITH ANY COURT AS WRITTEN EVIDENCE OF THE CONSENT OF EACH SUCH PARTY TO THE WAIVER OF ITS RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY.

9.15         Consent to Jurisdiction; Venue .

(a)             The parties hereto submit to the personal jurisdiction of the courts of the State of Delaware and the Federal courts of the United States sitting in Delaware, and any appellate court from any such state or Federal court, and hereby irrevocably and unconditionally agree that all claims with respect to any such claim may be heard and determined in such Delaware court or, to the extent permitted by Applicable Law, in such Federal court.  The parties hereto agree that a final judgment in any such claim shall be conclusive and may be enforced in any other jurisdiction by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by Applicable Law. Nothing in this Agreement shall affect any right that any party may otherwise have to bring any claim relating to this Agreement or any related matter against any other party or its assets or properties in the courts of any jurisdiction.

(b)             Each of the parties hereto irrevocably and unconditionally waives, to the fullest extent it may legally and effectively do so, any objection which it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or any related matter in any Delaware state or Federal court located in Delaware and the defense of an inconvenient forum to the maintenance of such claim in any such court.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
9.16.        Remedies .

(a)             The parties hereby agree that irreparable damage may occur in the event that any provision of this Agreement was not performed in accordance with its specific terms or were otherwise breached, and that money damages or other legal remedies may not be an adequate remedy for any such damages.  Accordingly, the parties hereto acknowledge and hereby agree that in the event of any breach or threatened breach by the Company, on the one hand, or Parent or Merger Sub on the other hand, of any of their respective covenants or obligations set forth in this Agreement, the Company or the Representative, on the one hand, and Parent or Merger Sub, on the other hand, shall be entitled to seek an injunction or injunctions to prevent or restrain breaches or threatened breaches of this Agreement by the other party, and to specifically enforce the terms and provisions of this Agreement to prevent breaches or threatened breaches of, or to enforce compliance with, the covenants and obligations of the other party under this Agreement.

(b)             The Company, on the one hand, and Parent or Merger Sub, on the other hand, hereby agree not to raise any objections to the availability of the equitable remedy of specific performance to prevent or restrain breaches or threatened breaches of this Agreement by the Company, Parent or Merger Sub, as applicable, and to specifically enforce the terms and provisions of this Agreement to prevent breaches or threatened breaches of, or to enforce compliance with, the covenants and obligations of the Company, Parent or Merger Sub, as applicable, under this Agreement.  Any party seeking an injunction or injunctions to prevent breaches or threatened breaches of, or to enforce compliance with, the terms and provisions of this Agreement shall not be required to provide any bond or other security in connection with such order or injunction.  The parties hereto further agree that by seeking the remedies provided for in this Section 9.16(b) , a party shall not in any respect waive its right to seek any other form of relief that may be available to a party under this Agreement (including monetary damages or indemnification).

(c)             Except as otherwise set forth in this Agreement, any and all remedies herein expressly conferred upon a party will be deemed cumulative with and not exclusive of any other remedy conferred hereby, or by law or equity upon such party, and the exercise by a party of any one remedy will not preclude the exercise of any other remedy.

9.17.        Certain Matters Regarding Representation of the Company .  Each of the parties hereto acknowledges and agrees, on its own behalf and on behalf of its directors, members, partners, officers, employees, and Affiliates, that the Company is the client of Vinson & Elkins L.L.P., and Vinson & Elkins L.L.P. is not representing any of the Company’s individual Securityholders in this matter or any other entities whose interests in this matter are being represented by those individual Securityholders.  After the Closing, it is possible that Vinson & Elkins L.L.P. will represent one or more Securityholders, the Representative and their respective Affiliates (individually and collectively, the “ Seller Group ”) in connection with matters related to this Agreement or any other Transaction Document (except Parent does not waive any conflict that exists or may arise unrelated to this Agreement, the Company or the Seller Group).  Parent and the Company agree that Vinson & Elkins L.L.P. (or any successor) may represent the Seller Group in the future in connection with matters related to this Agreement or any other Transaction Document.  Vinson & Elkins L.L.P. (or any successor) may serve as counsel to Seller Group or any director, member, partner, officer, employee, representative, or Affiliate of the Seller Group, in connection with any litigation, claim or obligation arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any other Transaction Document, and each of the parties hereto hereby consents to such representation and waives any conflict of interest arising therefrom and each of such parties shall cause any Affiliate thereof to consent to waive any conflict of interest arising from such representation (except Parent does not waive any conflict that exists or may arise unrelated to this Agreement, the Company or the Seller Group).  Each of the parties hereto acknowledges that such consent and waiver is voluntary, has been carefully considered and that the parties have consulted with counsel or been advised they should do so in connection with the matters addressed in this Section 9.17 .
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
9.18.        Privileged Communications .  Parent and Merger Sub further agree that, as to all communications among Vinson & Elkins L.L.P., and, at or prior to the Effective Time, the Company, its directors, officers, employees, agents and representatives and/or any of their respective Affiliates that relate exclusively to the negotiation and consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (collectively, the “ Privileged Communications ”), the attorney-client privilege and the expectation of client confidence belong to the Securityholders and may be controlled by the Representative on behalf of the Securityholders and shall not pass to or be claimed by Parent, the Surviving Corporation or any of their Subsidiaries from and after the Effective Time.  From and after the Effective Time, the Privileged Communications are the property of the Securityholders, and, except as provided in this Section 9.18, none of the Company, its Subsidiaries, or any Person purporting to act on behalf of or through the Company or its Subsidiaries will seek to obtain such communications, whether by seeking a waiver of the attorney-client privilege or through other means, in connection with any action against any of the Securityholders, the Escrow Agent, or the Representative related to the transactions contemplated hereby.  The Privileged Communications may be used by the Representative, the Securityholders and/or any of their respective Affiliates in connection with any dispute that relates to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including in any claim for indemnification brought by Parent or any Parent Indemnified Person. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that a dispute arises between Parent, the Surviving Corporation or any of their Subsidiaries and a third party (other than a party to this Agreement or any of their respective Affiliates) after the Effective Time, the Surviving Corporation and its Subsidiaries may assert the attorney-client privilege to prevent disclosure of Privileged Communications to such third party; provided , however , that neither the Surviving Corporation nor its Subsidiaries may waive such privilege without the prior written consent of the Representative.

ARTICLE X
THE REPRESENTATIVE

10.1.        Authorization of the Representative .  The Representative hereby is appointed, authorized and empowered to act as the agent of the Securityholders in connection with, and to facilitate the consummation of the transactions contemplated by, this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents, and in connection with the activities to be performed on behalf of the Securityholders under this Agreement and the Escrow Agreement, for the purposes and with the powers and authority hereinafter set forth in this Article X and in the Escrow Agreement, which shall include the full power and authority:

(a)             to execute and deliver the Escrow Agreement (with such modifications or changes thereto as to which the Representative, in its reasonable discretion, shall have consented to) and to agree to such amendments or modifications thereto as the Representative, in its reasonable discretion, may deem necessary or desirable to give effect to the matters set forth in Article VIII and this Article X ;
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(b)             to take such actions and to execute and deliver such amendments, modifications, waivers and consents in connection with this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby as the Representative, in its reasonable discretion, may deem necessary or desirable to give effect to the intentions of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents;

(c)             as the Representative of the Securityholders, to enforce and protect the rights and interests of the Securityholders and to enforce and protect the rights and interests of the Representative arising out of or under or in any manner relating to this Agreement, the Escrow Agreement and each other Transaction Document and, in connection therewith, to (i) resolve all questions, disputes, conflicts and controversies concerning (A) the determination of any amounts pursuant to Article II and (B) Indemnification Claims pursuant to Article VIII ; (ii) employ such agents, consultants and professionals, to delegate authority to its agents, to take such actions and to execute such documents on behalf of the Securityholders in connection with Article II and Article VIII and the Escrow Agreement as the Representative, in its reasonable discretion, deems to be in the best interest of the Securityholders; (iii) assert or institute any claim, action, proceeding or investigation; (iv) investigate, defend, contest or litigate any claim, action, proceeding or investigation initiated by Parent, or any other Person, against the Representative, the Escrow Amount, and following the Closing receive process on behalf of any or all Securityholders in any such claim, action, proceeding or investigation and compromise or settle on such terms as the Representative shall determine to be appropriate, give receipts, releases and discharges on behalf of all of Securityholders with respect to any such claim, action, proceeding or investigation; (v) file any proofs, debts, claims and petitions as the Representative may deem advisable or necessary; (vi) settle or compromise any claims asserted under Article II or Article VIII or under the Escrow Agreement; (vii) assume, on behalf of all of Securityholders, the defense of any claim that is the basis of any claim asserted under Article II or Article VIII or under the Escrow Agreement; and (viii) file and prosecute appeals from any decision, judgment or award rendered in any of the foregoing claims, actions, proceedings or investigations, it being understood that the Representative shall not have any obligation to take any such actions, and shall not have liability for any failure to take such any action;

(d)             to enforce payment from the Working Capital Escrow Amount and the Escrow Amount and of any other amounts payable to Securityholders, in each case on behalf of Securityholders;

(e)             to authorize and cause to be paid out of the Escrow Amount the full amount of any Parent Indemnification Claims in favor of any Parent Indemnified Person pursuant to Article VIII and also any other amounts to be paid out of the Working Capital Escrow Amount and the Escrow Amount pursuant to this Agreement and the Escrow Agreement;

(f)              to waive or refrain from enforcing any right of any Securityholder or of the Representative arising out of or under or in any manner relating to this Agreement, the Escrow Agreement or any other Transaction Document; and
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(g)             to make, execute, acknowledge and deliver all such other agreements, guarantees, orders, receipts, endorsements, notices, requests, instructions, certificates, stock powers, letters and other writings, and, in general, to do any and all things and to take any and all action that the Representative, in its sole and absolute direction, may consider necessary or proper or convenient in connection with or to carry out the activities described in paragraphs (a) through (f) above and the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, the Escrow Agreement and the other Transaction Documents.
 
Parent, the Company, the Surviving Corporation and their respective Subsidiaries and Affiliates shall be entitled to rely exclusively and conclusively upon the communications of the Representative relating to the foregoing as the communications of the Securityholders.  Neither Parent nor the Company (i) are required to make any inquiry or investigation regarding the authority of the Representative to act on behalf of all Securityholders hereunder, or (ii) shall be held liable or accountable in any manner for any act or omission of the Representative in such capacity.

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the parties acknowledge and agree that (i) the Representative may not enter into or grant any amendments or modifications described in Section 10.1(a) or waivers or consents described in Section 10.1(b) unless such amendments, modifications, waivers or consents shall affect each Securityholder similarly and to the same relative extent, and (ii) any such amendment, modification, waiver or consent that does not affect any Securityholder similarly and to the same relative extent as it affects other Securityholders must be executed by such Securityholder to be binding on such Securityholder.

The grant of authority provided for in this Section 10.1  (i) is coupled with an interest and is being granted, in part, as an inducement to the Company and Parent to enter into this Agreement and shall be irrevocable and survive the death, incompetency, bankruptcy or liquidation of any Securityholders and shall be binding on any successor thereto, and (ii) shall survive any distribution from the Working Capital Escrow Amount and the Escrow Account. The Representative may resign at any time.

10.2.        Compensation; Exculpation; Indemnity .

(a)             Except as set forth in any agreement among the Representative and the Securityholders, the Representative shall not be entitled to any fee, commission or other compensation for the performance of its service hereunder.

(b)             In dealing with this Agreement, the Escrow Agreement and any instruments, agreements or documents relating thereto, and in exercising or failing to exercise all or any of the powers conferred upon the Representative hereunder or thereunder, (i) the Representative shall not assume any, and shall incur no, responsibility whatsoever to any Securityholder by reason of any error in judgment or other act or omission performed or omitted hereunder or in connection with this Agreement, the Escrow Agreement or any other Transaction Document, except in the event of liability directly resulting from the Representative’s fraud, gross negligence or willful misconduct, and (ii) the Representative shall be entitled to rely on the advice of counsel, public accountants or other independent experts experienced in the matter at issue, and any error in judgment or other act or omission of the Representative pursuant to such advice shall in no event subject the Representative to liability to any Securityholder except in the event of liability directly resulting from the Representative’s gross negligence or willful misconduct.  Except as set forth in the previous sentence, in the absence of fraud and other than in respect of a breach or non-fulfillment of any covenants or agreements hereunder, the Representative, in its role as Representative, shall have no liability whatsoever to the Company, Parent or the Company or any other Person.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(c)             Each Securityholder, severally (but not jointly), shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Representative, which indemnification shall be paid by such Securityholders based on their respective Pro Rata Share, against all actual losses, penalties, fines, forfeitures, actions, fees, damages, liabilities, claims, obligations, costs and expenses, including reasonable attorneys’, accountants’ and other experts’ fees and all expenses of document location, duplication and shipment and the amount of any judgment against it, of any nature whatsoever (collectively, the “ Representative Losses ”), arising out of or in connection with the execution or the acts or omissions of the Representative hereunder, or under the Escrow Agreement, in each case as such Representative Loss is suffered or incurred; provided that Representative Losses shall not include special, indirect, punitive or consequential damages of any kind whatsoever (including but not limited to lost profits of the Representative), but excluding special, indirect, punitive or consequential damages of any kind required to be paid to a third party; provided, further, in the event that any such Representative Loss is finally adjudicated to have been primarily caused by the fraud, gross negligence or willful misconduct of the Representative, the Representative will reimburse the Securityholders the amount of such indemnified Representative Loss to the extent attributable to such fraud, gross negligence or willful misconduct.  If not paid directly to the Representative by the Securityholders, any such Representative Losses may be recovered by the Representative from (i) the funds in the Representative Holdback and (ii) subject to any Parent Indemnification Claims which shall be satisfied prior to any recovery by the Representative, the Escrow Amount at such time immediately prior to the time that any remaining amounts would otherwise be distributable to the Securityholders; provided , that while this Section 10.2 allows the Representative to be paid from the Representative Holdback and the Escrow Amount, this does not relieve the Securityholders from their obligation to promptly pay such Representative Losses as they are suffered or incurred, nor does it prevent the Representative from seeking any remedies available to it at law or otherwise.  In no event will the Representative be required to advance its own funds on behalf of the Securityholders or otherwise.  The foregoing indemnification shall not be deemed exclusive of any other right to which the Representative may be entitled apart from the provisions hereof.  In the event of any indemnification under this Section 10.2(c) , each Securityholder shall promptly deliver to the Representative full payment of his, her or its ratable share of such Indemnification Claim.
 
(d)            All of the indemnities, immunities and powers granted to the Representative under this Agreement shall survive the Closing or any termination of this Agreement and the Escrow Agreement, and the foregoing indemnities and immunities will survive the resignation or removal of the Representative.
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(e)             The Representative Holdback will be used for the purposes of paying directly, or reimbursing the Representative for, any third party expenses pursuant to this Agreement and the Escrow Agreement.  The Securityholders will not receive any interest or earnings on the Representative Holdback and irrevocably transfer and assign to the Representative any ownership right that they may otherwise have had in any such interest or earnings.  The Representative will not be liable for any loss of principal of the Representative Holdback other than as a result of its gross negligence or willful misconduct.  Contemporaneous with or as soon as practicable following the release in full of the Escrow Amount and the termination or expiration of the obligations of the Representative, the Representative shall disburse the balance of the Representative Holdback to the Securityholders, except in the case of payments to employees or, to the extent practical, former employees of the Company for which employment tax withholding is required, which such amounts shall be delivered to Parent or the Surviving Corporation and paid through Parent’s or Surviving Corporation’s payroll processing service or system.  For tax purposes, the Representative Holdback shall be treated as having been received and voluntarily set aside by the Securityholders at the time of Closing.  The parties agree that the Representative is not acting as a withholding agent or in any similar capacity in connection with the Representative Holdback.  If any tax reporting is required with respect to the ultimate distribution of any balance of the Representative Holdback, then the Representative will provide to Parent or its designated agent, upon request, information regarding the amounts distributed to each Securityholder, to be used by Parent or its agent in completing any required tax reporting.  Any portion of the Representative Holdback that remains undeliverable or unclaimed after 12 months of the initial delivery attempt shall promptly be paid to Parent and handled in the same manner as other unclaimed funds as provided in this Agreement.
 
[Signature Pages Follow]
 
88

IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the undersigned have caused this Agreement to be signed, all as of the date first written above.
 
 
PARENT:
   
 
Stamps.com Inc.
    
 
By:
 
 
Name:
 
 
Title:
 
     
 
MERGER SUB:
    
 
SEG Merger Sub, Inc.
    
 
By:
 
 
Name:
 
 
Title:
 
    
 
COMPANY:
    
 
ShippingEasy Group, Inc.
    
 
By:
 
 
Name:
 
 
Title:
 
     
 
REPRESENTATIVE:
    
 
Tim Jugmans, solely in its capacity as the Representative
    
 
By:
 
 
Name:
 
 
Title:
 
 
Signature Page to
Agreement and Plan of Merger
 
 


Exhibit 10.2
 
CONFIDENTIAL
 
Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT REQUESTED BY STAMPS.COM INC.
 
MANAGEMENT INCENTIVE PLAN

THIS MANAGEMENT INCENTIVE PLAN (this “Bonus Plan ”), dated as of July 1, 2016, is made by and among SHIPPINGEASY, INC., a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), STAMPS.COM INC., a Delaware corporation (“ Parent ”) and the Participant Representative (as defined below), and is acknowledged and agreed to by the Bonus Plan Participants (as defined below).

RECITALS

WHEREAS , Parent, SEG Merger Sub, Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of Parent, the Company and a representative of the Company’s securityholders have entered into that certain Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of June 16, 2016 (the “ Merger Agreement ”); and

WHEREAS , in connection with the Closing (as defined below) of the transactions contemplated under the Merger Agreement, the Company and Parent desire to implement an incentive plan to incentivize the performance of certain management and other personnel of the Company following the Closing.
 
AGREEMENTS
 
NOW, THEREFORE , in consideration of the mutual agreements, covenants, promises and representations set forth herein, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged and accepted, the parties agree as follows:

ARTICLE I
DEFINED TERMS
1.1            Definitions .

(a)            Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined shall have the following meanings in this Agreement (or, to the extent not defined in this Bonus Plan but defined in the Merger Agreement, shall have the meanings set forth in the Merger Agreement):
 
2016 Stub-Period Adjusted EBITDA Target ” means [***].
 
2017 Adjusted EBITDA Target ” means [***].
 
2018 Adjusted EBITDA Target ” means [***].
 

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Actual Company 2016 Stub-Period Adjusted EBITDA ” means the Company’s Adjusted EBITDA for the period July 1, 2016 through December 31, 2016, provided that if Actual Company 2016 Stub-Period Adjusted EBITDA is greater than the 2016 Stub-Period Adjusted EBITDA Target, then for purposes of Section 2.2(a) , and the calculation of the First Bonus Period Shares, the Actual Company 2016 Stub-Period Adjusted EBITDA shall be deemed to be equal to the 2016 Stub-Period Adjusted EBITDA Target.

Actual Company 2017 Adjusted EBITDA ” means the Company’s Adjusted EBITDA for the period January 1, 2017 through December 31, 2017, provided that if Actual Company 2017 Adjusted EBITDA is greater than the 2017 Adjusted EBITDA Target, then for purposes of Section 2.2(b) , and the calculation of the Second Bonus Period Shares, the Actual Company 2017 Adjusted EBITDA shall be deemed to be equal to the 2017 Adjusted EBITDA Target.
 
Actual Company 2018 Adjusted EBITDA ” means the Company’s Adjusted EBITDA for the period January 1, 2018 through December 31, 2018, provided that if Actual Company 2018 Adjusted EBITDA is greater than the 2018 Adjusted EBITDA Target, then for purposes of Section 2.2(c) , and the calculation of the Third Bonus Period Shares, the Actual Company 2018 Adjusted EBITDA shall be deemed to be equal to the 2018 Adjusted EBITDA Target.
 
Adjusted EBITDA ” means the Company’s adjusted EBITDA as outlined and calculated in accordance with the methodology set forth on Exhibit A .
 
Adjusted EBITDA Period ” means the periods underlying each of the Actual Company 2016 Stub-Period Adjusted EBITDA, the Actual Company 2017 Adjusted EBITDA and the Actual Company 2018 Adjusted EBITDA.
 
Adjusted EBITDA Target ” means each of the 2016 Stub-Period Adjusted EBITDA Target, the 2017 Adjusted EBITDA Target and the 2018 Adjusted EBITDA Target.
 
Applicable Bonus Period Fraction ” means each of the First Bonus Period Target Fraction, the Second Bonus Period Target Fraction and the Third Bonus Period Target Fraction as applicable to the related Adjusted EBITDA Period.
 
Award ” means the granting of an incentive bonus in the form of Parent Common Stock (or cash to the extent provided in Section 5.1(c) ) to a Bonus Plan Participant in accordance with the terms of this Bonus Plan.
 
Award Date ” means the actual issuance date of the related Parent Common Stock (or payment date in the case of an Award paid in cash).
 
Bonus Plan Participant ” means each of Katie May and Barry Cox; provided , however , that no Award shall be made, and the term Bonus Plan Participants shall not include, with respect to any particular Bonus Plan Period, any person who is no longer an employee of Company or Parent or any other Affiliate of Parent on the related Award Date except to the extent provided in Section 2.7 .
 
2

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Cash Bonus Pool ” means a fixed cash compensation bonus pool amount for each of the calendar years 2016, 2017, and 2018 that, if earned, shall be distributed by the Participant Representative, with consent of Parent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, to then current employees of Company on or around April 1 of the year following the calendar year for which the Cash Bonus Pool amount is earned. No Cash Bonus Pool amounts shall be deemed earned by any employee until the Participant Representative distributes such amounts to a current employee of Company. [***].
 
Cash Bonus Timing Adjustments ” means adjustments for compensation and/or bonus payments reflected under GAAP made (or to be made) after the applicable Adjusted EBITDA Period, but that relate to, or are with respect to, such Adjusted EBITDA Period, and were in excess of, or less than, what was previously accrued for such Adjusted EBITDA Period.
 
Cause ” means (a) a good faith finding by the Company or Parent, that such person has engaged in dishonesty, gross negligence or misconduct that, in such case, either could be reasonably expected to have a material adverse impact on the Company, Parent or any other Affiliate of Parent or could reasonably be expected to harm the reputation of Company, Parent or any other Affiliate of Parent; (b) the conviction of such person, or the entry of a pleading of guilty or nolo contendere by such person to a felony or any other crime that could be reasonably expected to have a material adverse impact on the Company, Parent or any other Affiliate of Parent; (c) such person’s refusal or inability for any reason to perform reasonably assigned duties; (d) such person has breached their fiduciary duties owed to Company, Parent or any other Affiliate of Parent; or (e) such person has materially breached the terms of his or her employment agreement, non-competition and non-solicitation agreement or any other agreement between such person, on the one hand, and the Company, Parent or any other Affiliate of Parent, on the other hand (including, without limitation, the Parent Protective Provisions and the other terms of Section 3.2 of this Bonus Plan ) , and, in the case of (c), (d), or (e), such person has failed to remedy (if reasonably remediable) such failure within thirty (30) days following written notice (which notice must be given no later than ninety (90) days after the initial occurrence of such event) to such person by the Company, Parent or any other Affiliate of Parent, as applicable.
 
Company ” means ShippingEasy, Inc., a Delaware corporation .
 
Company Sale ” means, with respect to the Company after the Closing Date, a transaction where either (i) the Company is no longer a Subsidiary, directly or indirectly, of Parent or (ii) the sale of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets to a Person that is not Parent, a Subsidiary, directly or indirectly, or an Affiliate of Parent.
 
Exchange Act ” means the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, including the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
 
First Bonus Period Target Fraction ” means the fraction determined by dividing Actual Company 2016 Stub-Period Adjusted EBITDA by the 2016 Stub-Period Adjusted EBITDA Target (which fraction shall in no event be greater than one (1.00)).
 
GAAP ” means United States generally accepted accounting principles, as consistently applied by Parent.
 
3

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Good Reason ” means the occurrence of, without such person’s written consent, (a) a material reduction in the level of such person’s base compensation as of the Closing Date (except where there is a general reduction applicable to management of the Company generally), (b) a material reduction in such person’s overall responsibilities or authority; or (c) an involuntary relocation of greater than fifteen (15) miles from such person’s then current office location.  Such person’s termination of employment shall not be considered to have been made for Good Reason unless such person shall first have delivered to the Company, Parent or another Affiliate of Parent, as applicable, written notice setting forth with specificity the occurrence constituting Good Reason (which notice must be given no later than ninety (90) days after the initial occurrence of such event), and there shall have passed thirty (30) days within which the Company, Parent or such other Affiliate of Parent, as applicable, has not taken any action to correct, rescind or otherwise substantially reverse the occurrence constituting Good Reason as identified by such person, and such person resigns from employment within six (6) months after the initial occurrence of such event.
 
Independent Auditor ” means a nationally recognized firm of independent auditors that has not performed work for, and is otherwise independent of, each of Parent, the Company and the Bonus Plan Participants within the prior sixty (60) months from the date at issue, and is mutually agreed to by Parent and the Participant Representative.
 
Litigation Expense Adjustment ” shall mean attorneys’ fees and the other costs, awards and expenses incurred by the Company during the applicable Adjusted EBITDA Period relating to any Actions for which Parent required the Company to initiate, join, pursue or defend such Action and (i) the Company would not have otherwise initiated, joined, pursued or defended such Action in the ordinary course of its business or (ii) the Company was not the cause of such Action and such Action resulted from the implementation of a business initiative directed by the Parent in writing delivered to the Participant Representative (and not consented to by the Participant Representative). Notwithstanding the foregoing, Litigation Expense Adjustment shall not include any such expense amounts resulting from Actions required for compliance with Applicable Laws.
 
Parent Common Stock ” means shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of Parent.
 
Parent Trading Price ” means the average of the daily closing prices of a share of Parent Common Stock as reported by the NASDAQ Global Select Market or the then primary exchange listing Parent Common Stock for the ten (10) consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day immediately prior to the date in question.  For example, if this Bonus Plan requires a calculation of Parent Trading Price as of the date of the Merger Agreement, then the applicable ten (10) consecutive trading day period would be such period ending on the last trading day immediately prior to the date of the Merger Agreement.

Participant Representative means the Company’s general manager, who shall be [***].
 
Partner ” means a third party involved in a Partner Relationship.
 
4

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Partner Relationship ” means any direct or indirect system or product integration involving one or more third parties, based on, without limitation, data transfers, Internet protocols, application program interfaces, software code, networking or other coordinated means, and any and all related Contracts.
 
Pro Rata Bonus Portion ” shall mean (i) 50% in the case of Katie May, and (ii) 50% in the case of Barry Cox; provided , however , that the number of shares of Parent Common Stock issued to any single recipient under clauses (i) through (ii) shall be rounded down to the nearest whole share.
 
Second   Bonus Period Target Fraction ” means the fraction determined by dividing Actual Company 2017 Adjusted EBITDA by the 2017 Adjusted EBITDA Target (which fraction shall in no event be greater than one (1.0)).
 
Securities Act ” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
 
Third   Bonus Period Target Fraction ” means the fraction determined by dividing Actual Company 2018 Adjusted EBITDA by the 2018 Adjusted EBITDA Target (which fraction shall in no event be greater than one (1.0)).
 
Total Potential Incentive Shares ” means an aggregate number of shares of Parent Common Stock resulting from dividing (i) $8,000,000 by (ii) the Parent Trading Price determined as of the date of the Merger Agreement, rounded down to the nearest whole share.

(b)            Each of the following terms is defined in the Section of this Bonus Plan set forth opposite such term:
 
TERM
SECTION
AAA
6.8
Bonus Period Notice
2.3(a)
Bonus Period Objection Notice
2.3(a)
“Bonus Plan
Preamble
Bonus Plan Period
3.1(b)
Company
Preamble
Completed Bonus Period
2.7(a)
First Bonus Period Notice
2.2(a)
First Bonus Period Shares
2.2(a)
Incentive Shares
2.2(c)
JAMS
6.8
Merger Agreement
Recital
Parent
Preamble
Parent Administrative Services
3.1(b)(v)
[***]
[***]
Parent Protective Provisions
3.2(c)
Plan Adjustment Date
2.8(b)
Rule 144
5.1(a)
Second Bonus Period Notice
2.2(b)
Second Bonus Period Shares
2.2(b)
Section 409A
6.5
Third Bonus Period Notice
2.2(c)
Third Bonus Period Shares
2.2(c)
[***]
[***]
Uncompleted Bonus Period
2.7(a)
[***]
[***]
 
5

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(c)            Words, terms and titles (including terms defined is this Section 1.1 ) in the singular form will be construed to include the plural and vice versa, unless the context otherwise requires.
 
ARTICLE II
DETERMINATION AND ISSUANCE OF AWARDS
 
2.1.           Purpose of Incentive Bonus Plan .  The purpose of this Bonus Plan is to promote the success and enhance the value of the Company and Parent by providing the Company’s employees with an incentive for performance over multiple years.  This Bonus Plan is further intended to provide flexibility to the Company and Parent, to the extent permissible herein, in its ability to motivate, attract, and retain the services of employees.
 
2.2.           Calculation of Awards (a)            First Bonus Period .  On or before March 1, 2017, Parent, shall complete the calculation of the Actual Company 2016 Stub-Period Adjusted EBITDA, and deliver such Actual Company 2016 Stub-Period Adjusted EBITDA calculation to the Participant Representative (the “ First Bonus Period Notice ”).  The First Bonus Period Notice shall contain reasonably detailed data supporting the calculation of Actual Company 2016 Stub-Period Adjusted EBITDA. If Actual Company 2016 Stub-Period Adjusted EBITDA, as finally determined pursuant to Section 2.3 , is at least seventy-five percent (75%) of the 2016 Stub-Period Adjusted EBITDA Target, then Parent shall issue shares of Parent Common Stock (the “ First Bonus Period Shares ”) to each Bonus Plan Participant according to his or her Pro Rata Bonus Portion (rounded down to the nearest whole share) within thirty (30) days of the final determination of Actual Company 2016 Stub-Period Adjusted EBITDA pursuant to Section 2.3 .  The aggregate possible number of First Bonus Period Shares that may be awarded under this Section 2.2(a) shall be equal to (i) [***] of the Total Potential Incentive Shares, multiplied   by (ii) the First Bonus Period Target Fraction, with the result of such calculation rounded down to the nearest whole share and allocated to the Bonus Plan Participants based on their respective Pro Rata Portion. For the avoidance of any doubt, (i)  if Actual Company 2016 Stub-Period Adjusted EBITDA is less than seventy-five percent (75%) of the 2016 Stub-Period Adjusted EBITDA Target, then Parent shall have no obligation to issue, and no Bonus Plan Participant shall have the right to receive, any First Bonus Period Shares, and (ii) in no event shall the First Bonus Target Period Fraction  be greater than one (1.00).
 
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Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(b)            Second Bonus Period .  On or before March 1, 2018, Parent, shall complete the calculation of Actual Company 2017 Adjusted EBITDA, and deliver such Actual Company 2017 Adjusted EBITDA calculation to the Participant Representative (the “ Second Bonus Period Notice ”).  The Second Bonus Period Notice shall contain reasonably detailed data supporting the calculation of the Actual Company 2017 Adjusted EBITDA.  Notwithstanding whether or not any First Bonus Period Shares have been issued, if Actual Company 2017 Adjusted EBITDA, as finally determined pursuant to Section 2.3 , is at least seventy-five percent (75%) of the 2017 Adjusted EBITDA Target, then Parent shall issue shares of Parent Common Stock (the “ Second Bonus Period Shares ”) to each Bonus Plan Participant according to his or her Pro Rata Bonus Portion (rounded down to the nearest whole share) within thirty (30) days of the final determination of Actual Company 2017 Adjusted EBITDA pursuant to Section 2.3 . The aggregate possible number of Second Bonus Period Shares that may be awarded under this Section 2.2(b) shall be equal to (i) [***] of the Total Potential Incentive Shares, multiplied   by (ii) the Second Bonus Period Target Fraction, with the result of such calculation rounded down to the nearest whole share and allocated to the Bonus Plan Participants based on their respective Pro Rata Portion. For the avoidance of any doubt, (i) if Actual Company 2017 Adjusted EBITDA is less than seventy-five percent (75%) of the 2017 Adjusted EBITDA Target, then Parent shall have no obligation to issue, and no Bonus Plan Participant shall have the right to receive, any Second Bonus Period Shares, and (ii) in no event shall the Second Bonus Period Target Fraction be greater than one (1.00).
 
(c)            Third Bonus Period .  On or before March 1, 2019, Parent, shall complete the calculation of Actual Company 2018 Adjusted EBITDA, and deliver such Actual Company 2018 Adjusted EBITDA calculation to the Participant Representative (the “ Third Bonus Period Notice ”).  The Third Bonus Period Notice shall contain reasonably detailed data supporting the calculation of the Actual Company 2018 Adjusted EBITDA.  Notwithstanding whether or not any First Bonus Period Shares and/or Second Bonus Period Shares have been issued, if Actual Company 2018 Adjusted EBITDA, as finally determined pursuant to Section 2.3 , is at least seventy-five percent (75%) of the 2018 Adjusted EBITDA Target, then Parent shall issue shares of Parent Common Stock (the “ Third Bonus Period Shares ,” and collectively with the First Bonus Period Shares and the Second Bonus Period Shares, the “ Incentive Shares ”) to each Bonus Plan Participant according to his or her Pro Rata Bonus Portion (rounded down to the nearest whole share) within thirty (30) days of the final determination of Actual Company 2018 Adjusted EBITDA pursuant to Section 2.3 . The aggregate possible number of Third Bonus Period Shares that may be awarded under this Section 2.2(c) shall be equal to (i) [***] of the Total Potential Incentive Shares, multiplied   by (ii) the Third Bonus Period Target Fraction, with the result of such calculation rounded down to the nearest whole share and allocated to the Bonus Plan Participants based on their respective Pro Rata Portion. For the avoidance of any doubt, (i) if Actual Company 2018 Adjusted EBITDA is less than seventy-five percent (75%) of the 2018 Adjusted EBITDA Target, then Parent shall have no obligation to issue, and no Bonus Plan Participant shall have the right to receive, any Third Bonus Period Shares, and (ii) in no event shall the Third Bonus Period Target Fraction be greater than one (1.00).
 
7

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
2.3.           Review of EBITDA Calculation .
 
(a)            Right to Review Calculation .  The Participant Representative shall have twenty (20) Business Days after receipt of each of the First Bonus Period Notice, the Second Bonus Period Notice and the Third Bonus Period Notice (each an “ Bonus Period Notice ”), to verify Parent’s calculation of the applicable Adjusted EBITDA of the Company for the respective Bonus Plan Period and the amount of Incentive Shares required to be issued by Parent to the Bonus Plan Participants in Section 2.2(a) , Section 2.2(b) and Section 2.2(c) , as applicable.  If the Participant Representative disagrees with the amount of Incentive Shares to be issued pursuant to Section 2.2(a) , Section 2.2(b) and Section 2.2(c) , the Participant Representative may, within twenty (20) Business Days after receipt of the applicable Bonus Period Notice, deliver a notice (an “ Bonus Period Objection Notice ”) to Parent setting forth in reasonable detail the basis for the Participant Representative’s objection, including specific data and information that supports the Participant Representative’s position on the calculation of the Company’s Adjusted EBITDA for the applicable Bonus Plan Period and the related amount of Incentive Shares to be issued.  If no Bonus Period Objection Notice is delivered by the Participant Representative within such twenty (20) Business Day period (or if earlier, an affirmative agreement to the entirety of the applicable Bonus Period Notice is delivered by the Participant Representative in writing to Parent), then the Participant Representative shall be deemed to have irrevocably agreed, and consented to (individually and on behalf of all Bonus Plan Participants), Parent’s calculation of the applicable Adjusted EBITDA and amount of Incentive Shares as the final and binding determination of such amounts, such agreement being deemed to have occurred as of the earlier of the date of an affirmative notice of agreement or the end of the twenty (20) Business Day period. If a Bonus Period Objection Notice is delivered in accordance with this Section 2.3(a) , Parent and the Participant Representative will use their respective commercially reasonable efforts to resolve any disagreements related to such notices and come to a final determination.
 
(b)            Submission to Independent Auditor .  In the event Parent and the Participant Representative do not agree as to a final determination of the applicable Adjusted EBITDA of the Company and amount of Incentive Shares within twenty (20) Business Days after Parent has received a timely submitted Bonus Period Objection Notice from the Participant Representative, then all amounts in dispute shall be submitted to the Independent Auditor in accordance with this Section 2.3(b) .  Parent and the Participant Representative will direct the Independent Auditor to render a determination within sixty (60) days of its retention and Parent, the Company and the Participant Representative will cooperate with the Independent Auditor during their engagement.  The Independent Auditor will consider only those items and amounts set forth in the Bonus Period Objection Notice which Parent and the Participant Representative are unable to resolve; provided , however , that each of Parent and the Participant Representative shall be entitled to make a presentation to the Independent Auditor regarding the items and amounts that Parent and the Participant Representative are unable to resolve.  In making its determination, the Independent Auditor shall (i) be bound by the terms and conditions of this Bonus Plan, including without limitation, the definitions of EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and the other terms and definitions of this Bonus Plan, and (ii) not assign any value with respect to a disputed amount that is greater than the higher value for such amount claimed by either Parent or the Participant Representative, or that is less than the lower value for such amount claimed by either Parent or the Participant Representative.  The determination of the Independent Auditor will be conclusive and binding upon Parent, the Company, the Participant Representative and the Bonus Plan Participants.  Parent shall pay the fees and expenses of the Independent Auditor; provided , however , that if the Independent Auditor’s final determination of the disputed items (in aggregate) results in the overall calculation of Adjusted EBITDA for the related Bonus Plan Period being closer to the amount (or implied amount) claimed by Parent than it is to the amount (or implied amount) claimed by the Participant Representative, then Parent shall be entitled to deduct and withhold such number of Incentive Shares otherwise to be issued to the Bonus Plan Participants pursuant to Section 2.2(a) , Section 2.2(b) and/or Section 2.2(c) equal to the cash value of the fees and expenses incurred by Parent in connection with the Participant Representative’s decision to dispute the related Bonus Plan Notice, such value of the Incentive Shares determined based on Parent Trading Price determined as of the date of the related Bonus Plan Notice, or may deduct and withhold from any cash payments to be made to the Bonus Plan Participants pursuant to Section 5.1(c) .
 
8

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
2.4            Allocation of Awards; Issuance of Incentive Shares .
 
(a)            Issuances of Awards .  All issuances of Incentive Shares pursuant to each of Section 2.2(a) , Section 2.2(b) and Section 2.2(c) shall occur within thirty (30) days after the applicable final determination of Adjusted EBITDA of the Company in the applicable period determined in accordance with Section 2.3 .
 
(b)            Withholdings .  Parent will be entitled to deduct and withhold such number of Incentive Shares otherwise to be issued to the Bonus Plan Participants pursuant to this Bonus Plan equal to the cash value of the withholdings contemplated by Section 6.4 or otherwise under any Applicable Law to be deducted or withheld therefrom as a result of the issuance of the Incentive Shares to the Bonus Plan Participants pursuant to this Bonus Plan, such value of the Incentive Shares determined based on Parent Trading Price determined as of the date of the related Award Date of such Incentive Shares, or may deduct and withhold from any cash payments to be made to the Bonus Plan Participants pursuant to this Bonus Plan   or from any other compensation for services or accept a payment in cash from the related Bonus Plan Recipient in lieu of such an adjustment, for all or any portion of any withholdings contemplated by Section 6.4 or otherwise required by Applicable Law as a result of the issuance of the Incentive Shares.
 
(c)            Tax Treatment of Awards .  The parties acknowledge and agree that the issuance of the Incentive Shares upon achievement of the Adjusted EBITDA Targets is subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Bonus Plan and will be considered for tax purposes as compensation for services.
 
(d)            Adjustment of Awards for Dividends .  If the Participant Representative delivers a Bonus Period Objection Notice in response to a Bonus Period Notice, and after the date of the Bonus Period Objection Notice but prior to the Award Date of the applicable Incentive Shares, Parent sets a record date for the issuance of dividends or other distributions on Parent Common Stock which would have, if not for the delivery of the Bonus Period Objection Notice, included the applicable Incentive Shares, then, upon final determination of the number of Incentive Shares issuable for such applicable Bonus Plan Period, if such determination is closer to the number of Incentive Shares originally determined by Parent than it is to the number of Incentive Shares determined (or implied by the disputed amount) claimed by the Participant Representative, then Parent shall deliver to the Bonus Plan Participants on the Award Date of the related Incentive Shares, in addition to the number of Incentive Shares that would otherwise have been issued, the value of the dividend or distribution, in the same form of consideration that would have been received by the Bonus Plan Participants had they held the applicable Incentive Shares on the record date for such dividend or distribution.
 
9

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
2.5            Adjustments for Stock Splits .  For all purposes of this Bonus Plan, the share amounts of Parent Common Stock shall be adjusted to reflect appropriately the effect of any stock split, reverse stock split, stock dividend (including any dividend or distribution of securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Parent Common Stock), reorganization, recapitalization, reclassification, combination, exchange of shares or other like change of securities with respect to Parent Common Stock occurring or having a record date on or after the Closing Date and prior to the related Award Date.  Under no circumstances shall Parent be required to issue a number of shares under this Bonus Plan greater than the number of Total Potential Incentive Shares, as may be subsequently adjusted by this Section 2.5 .
 
2.6            Acceleration of Awards Relating to Parent Events .  In the event of a Company Sale, Parent shall either (i) exercise its pre-payment option rights under Section 2.8(a) no later than immediately prior to the consummation of the Company Sale or (ii) cause the successor entity or acquirer in such transaction to expressly assume all obligations of Parent under this Bonus Plan (other than the requirement to issue the Award in the form of Parent Common Stock which obligation may be in the form of such successor entity or acquirer delivering the cash equivalent of the Incentive Shares to such Bonus Plan Participants (with the applicable cash value of such Incentive Shares being the applicable per share price of the Parent Common Stock offered by such acquirer to the other stockholders of Parent or paid by such acquirer, as applicable, in connection with such Company Sale multiplied   by the number of Incentive Shares that such Bonus Plan Participant would otherwise have been issued on such Award Date(s)).
 
2.7            Acceleration or Forfeiture of Awards Relating to Cessation of Employment .
 
(a)            If any Bonus Plan Participant ceases employment with any of the Company, Parent or another Affiliate of Parent during the Bonus Plan Period and such termination was made by the Company, Parent or such other Affiliate of Parent without Cause, or was made by such Bonus Plan Participant for Good Reason, then, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Bonus Plan, such terminated Bonus Plan Participant shall be deemed to have earned an Award of Incentive Shares for each Adjusted EBITDA Period which, as of the respective date of termination, (i) has not been completed  (such period “ Uncompleted Bonus Period ”) and, solely with respect to such Bonus Plan Participant ceasing employment and not any another Bonus Plan Participant, without regard to whether the related Adjusted EBITDA Target is or would be satisfied and (ii) has been completed (such period, the “ Completed Bonus Period ”), but subject to whether the related Adjusted EBITDA Target for the completed Adjusted EBITDA Period was actually satisfied.  Such Award(s) will be calculated by applying the Pro Rata Bonus Portion applicable to such Bonus Plan Participant and applying the Applicable Bonus Period Fraction (which shall be one (1.0) in the case of each Uncompleted Bonus Period) but otherwise using the calculations set forth in Sections 2.2(a) , 2.2(b) and 2.2(c) .
 
10

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
For purposes of illustration, if the termination was made by the Company, Parent or such other Affiliate of Parent without Cause, or was made by such Bonus Plan Participant for Good Reason effective on January 15, 2018, such that (i) the period underlying the calculation of the Actual Company 2017 Adjusted EBITDA has been completed (but the related Award Date has not occurred) and (ii) the period underlying the calculation of the Actual Company 2018 Adjusted EBITDA has not been completed, then the Award for such Bonus Plan Participant shall be determined based on (i) the actual Adjusted EBITDA for purposes of calculating whether any Second Bonus Period Shares shall be issued to such Bonus Plan Participant and (ii) the 2018 Adjusted EBITDA Target being deemed to have been satisfied irrespective of the actual Adjusted EBITDA for the related Adjusted EBITDA Period underlying the Actual Company 2018 Adjusted EBITDA for purposes of the Third Bonus Period Shares.
 
(b)           Any issuances of Incentive Shares as a result of the operation of this Section 2.7 shall be issued on a single Award Date which shall be no later than (i) thirty (30) days following the related employment termination date or (ii) the date that any calculation of the applicable Adjusted EBITDA for a Completed Bonus Period and amount of Incentive Shares becomes final and binding in accordance with Section 2.3 (but in no event later than the last day of the calendar year in which the Bonus Period Notice was required to be delivered for a Completed Bonus Period).  The number of Incentive Shares issued pursuant to Section 2.7 shall be deducted from the aggregate number of Incentive Shares that would otherwise be issued to other Bonus Plan Participants pursuant to Sections 2.2(a) , Sections 2.2(b) and/or Sections 2.2(c) with respect to the related Adjusted EBITDA Period such that in no event shall Parent be obligated to issue an aggregate number of Incentive Shares for such Bonus Plan Period greater than the number of Incentive Shares issuable had an accelerated issuance under Section 2.7(a) not occurred.
 
(d)            If any Bonus Plan Participant ceases employment with any of the Company, Parent or another Affiliate of Parent during the Bonus Plan Period and such termination was made by the Company, Parent or such other Affiliate of Parent for Cause, or was made by such Bonus Plan Participant without Good Reason, then, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Bonus Plan, such terminated Bonus Plan Participant shall not be entitled to any Awards other than to the extent of any Awards Dates that occurred prior to the related termination date.
 
2.8            Plan Adjustments .
 
(a)            Conversion to Time-Based Vesting .  At any time during the Bonus Plan Period, Parent can satisfy in full all remaining obligations under this Bonus Plan, with respect to a Bonus Plan Period for which Awards have not already been issued or paid,   by electing, in its sole discretion, to deem that the respective Adjusted EBITDA Target has been satisfied in full (including by setting the Applicable Bonus Period Fraction for each remaining Bonus Plan Period to one (1.0)), and thereafter this Bonus Plan shall become solely time-based vested, requiring that a Bonus Plan Participant to be an employee of Company, Parent or any other Affiliate of Parent on the applicable Award Date, as follows: (i) for any Award pursuant to Section 2.2(a) , April 1, 2017, (ii) for any Award pursuant to Section 2.2(b) , April 1, 2018, and (iii) for any Award pursuant to Section 2.2(a) , April 1, 2019.  Any allocation of Incentive Shares following an adjustment under this Section 2.8(a) shall be made otherwise in accordance with Section 2.2(a) , Section 2.2(b) or Section 2.2(c) , respectively, and Section 2.4 .  In the event of Parent exercising its rights under this Section 2.8(a) , Parent may elect to terminate any of the obligations under Section 3.1 of this Bonus Plan effective as of the Plan Adjustment Date.  For the avoidance of any doubt, if Parent has exercised its right to adopt a time-vesting condition under this Section 2.8(a) , then, in the event any Bonus Plan Participant thereafter ceases employment with any of the Company, Parent or another Affiliate of Parent during the Bonus Plan Period and such termination was made by the Company, Parent or such other Affiliate of Parent without Cause, or was made by such Bonus Plan Participant for Good Reason, then, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Bonus Plan, such terminated Bonus Plan Participant shall be deemed to have earned an Award of Incentive Shares for each Uncompleted Bonus Period and Completed Bonus Period (in each case assuming the Adjusted EBITDA Target was satisfied in full).
 
11

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(b)            Early Termination .  This Bonus Plan shall be subject to the following rights of Parent:
 
(i)            If [***] ceased employment for any reason with any of the Company, Parent or another Affiliate of Parent during the Bonus Plan Period, then, without limiting the rights of the terminated Bonus Plan Participants pursuant to Section 2.7 , Parent shall thereafter have the right, in its sole discretion, exercisable at any time, to terminate this Bonus Plan (or any of the obligations under Section 3.1 ) in which case no other Bonus Plan Participants shall be entitled to receive any Awards to the extent the related Award Dates have not occurred prior to such Plan Adjustment Date.
 
(ii)            [***].
 
(c)            Plan Adjustment Date .  For purposes of this Section 2.8 , the term “ Plan Adjustment Date ” shall mean the effective date of any plan termination or adjustment of this Bonus Plan exercised by Parent in accordance with this Section 2.8 .
 
2.9            Issuance Limitation .   Notwithstanding anything in this Bonus Plan to the contrary, the aggregate number of Parent Common Stock issuable by Parent under this Bonus Plan shall in no event exceed 19.99% of the number of issued and outstanding shares of Parent Common Stock as of the date of this Bonus Plan, subject to adjustment for stock splits, stock dividends, or other similar recapitalizations as contemplated in Section 2.5 (the “ Issuance Limitation ”).  In the event Parent is obligated to make Awards in excess of the Issuance Limitation, Parent shall deliver the cash equivalent of the Incentive Shares to the extent they would otherwise would be in excess of the Issuance Limitation to such Bonus Plan Participants (with the applicable cash value of such portion of Incentive Shares to be paid in the form of an equivalent cash payment equal to the Parent Trading Price determined as of the related Award Date(s) multiplied   by the number of Incentive Shares in excess of the Issuance Limitation that such Bonus Plan Participant would otherwise have been issued on such Award Date(s)).
 
12

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
ARTICLE III
LIMITATIONS ON DUTIES AND PROTECTIVE COVENANTS
 
3.1            Duties and Support .
 
(a)            No Implied Duties or Other Agreements .  The provisions of this Section 3.1 shall constitute the entirety of the obligations of Parent and its Affiliates with respect to the operation of the Company, the support required to be given by Parent and its Affiliates to the Company and all other matters regarding actions or inactions by, or duties and obligations of, Parent or its Affiliates that might affect the achievement or non-achievement of the Adjusted EBITDA Targets, and there are no duties or obligations (implied or otherwise) regarding such matters that are not expressly set forth in this Section 3.1 (except those obligations that are expressly required by Applicable Law that have not been otherwise validly waived or modified pursuant to this Bonus Plan).  By way of illustration and not limitation, nothing herein may be construed to create any fiduciary duty or any similar obligation on the part of Parent, the Company or any other Affiliates of Parent as to any Bonus Plan Participants with respect to the attainment of any of the Adjusted EBITDA Targets.
 
(b)           Agreed Duties and Obligations .  From the Closing Date through the earlier of December 31, 2018 and the date, if any, that all Incentive Shares issuable in accordance with the terms of this Bonus Plan have previously been issued and no further Incentive Shares are issuable under this Bonus Plan (the “ Bonus Plan Period ”), the following shall be in effect:
 
(i)              General Principles .  The Bonus Plan Participants, on the one hand, and the Company and Parent, on the other hand, will work in good faith to prevent any misalignment in incentives to either side in respect of the potential achievement of the Adjusted EBITDA Targets and the potential issuance of the Incentive Shares pursuant to this Bonus Plan.
 
(ii)             No Impairment .  Neither the Company nor Parent shall, take, or omit to take, any action that is intended by such Person to impede or impair the Company’s achievement of any Adjusted EBITDA Targets or the Company’s overall business results.  No Bonus Plan Participant shall, take, or omit to take, any action that is intended by such person to impede or impair the achievement of any Adjusted EBITDA Targets, or to cause achievement of such targets to reflect anything other than the actual economic performance of the Company as a stand-alone business unit, or to impair the short, medium or long-term prospects of the Company.
 
(iii)            Stand-Alone Business; Integration .  The Company shall continue as a stand-alone business and autonomous business unit owned by Parent, with the same business name; provided , that (1) all Company systems (finance, accounting, human resources, benefits, payroll, legal contract administration, IP management, cash management, banking and other) shall be as fully integrated into, or replaced with, Parent’s systems as Parent may reasonably request from time to time, with at least the same cooperation from the Company and the Bonus Plan Participants as is required by Parent of any of its other Subsidiaries or any of its employees, (2) one or more designees of Parent will be the only members of the board of directors of the Company, and (3) the stand-alone operation and autonomy of the Company will be impacted by the covenants in this Section 3.1 and the Parent Protective Provisions (as defined below).
 
13

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(iv)            Operations .  [***].
 
(v)            Administrative Services .  Parent shall provide reasonable general and administrative support to the Company including, without limitation, with respect to legal, accounting, human resources, employee benefits administration and real estate management (the “ Parent Administrative Services ”) up to a level substantially consistent with Parent’s past practices, [***]. The parties agree that the costs and expenses of Parent Administrative Services incurred by Parent or any of Parent’s Affiliates   shall not be included in the calculation of either Actual Company 2016 Stub-Period Adjusted EBITDA, Actual Company 2017 Adjusted EBITDA or Actual Company 2018 Adjusted EBITDA, as the case may be.  Nothing in the manner or quality of Parent Administrative Services provided by Parent and its Subsidiaries shall be claimed to have impacted whether the Adjusted EBITDA Targets have been met or not met.
 
(vi)            Cash Contributions and Distributions . Parent is not required to contribute any cash or capital to Company, or make credit available to the Company, nor is there any expectation that Parent will do so in order to help achieve any Adjusted EBITDA Targets.  Parent shall not cause the Company to make any dividends or similar distributions from the Company to the extent that such distributions would result in the Company failing to have, following such action, sufficient working capital needed to achieve its Adjusted EBITDA Targets.
 
(vii)           Human Resources .  The Company shall maintain its own (as of the date of the Merger Agreement) Company Benefit Plans (or, with the joint consent of the Participant Representative and Parent, may adopt the plans of Parent or another Parent Subsidiary), and the Company shall maintain its own policies and practices relating to employee hiring, retention, compensation and vacation, in each case subject to Applicable Law.  Nothing in the nature of the Company Benefit Plans shall be claimed to have impacted whether the Adjusted EBITDA Targets have been met or not met.
 
(viii)          Company Cooperation .  The parties agree that even though this Section 3.1 grants discretion and limits discretion of the parties in regard to the matters set forth in this Section 3.1 , the Company is, and in every other respect will operate as, a wholly-owned Subsidiary of Parent.  [***].
 
(ix)            Communication; Third Party Communications .  An executive level designee or designees of Parent, on the one hand, and the Bonus Plan Participants, on the other hand, shall make themselves reasonably available for any and all business communications on a not less than a weekly basis.  [***].
 
(x)             Customer Support .  Upon the reasonable advance written request of the Participant Representative to Parent and with the agreement of Parent, Parent shall provide reasonable customer support resources to the Company [***]. Nothing in the manner or quality of such customer support resources shall be claimed to have impacted the determination of whether the Adjusted EBITDA Targets have been met.  [***].
 
14

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(xi)            [***] .
 
3.2            Protective Provisions .
 
(a)            Without Parent’s prior written consent, which may be conditioned, withheld or delayed in its sole discretion, the Company shall not, and no Bonus Plan Participant shall seek to cause the Company to, take any action that would require board approval under the Delaware General Corporate Law or any of the following actions; and any denial, conditioning and/or delay of consent by Parent with respect to any of these matters shall not give any basis for claiming that the Adjusted EBITDA Targets would have been achieved but for such denial, conditioning and/or delay nor otherwise give any right or claim against Parent, the Company or any other Affiliate of Parent with respect to the final determination of Actual Company 2016 Stub-Period Adjusted EBITDA, Actual Company 2017 Adjusted EBITDA and/or Actual Company 2018 Adjusted EBITDA, as the case may be, or otherwise:

(i)
[***];
   
(ii)
[***];
   
(iii)
[***];
   
(iv)
[***];
   
(v)
[***];
   
(vi)
[***];
   
(vii)
[***];
   
(viii)
[***];
   
(ix)
[***];
   
(x)
[***];
   
(xi)
[***]; or
   
(xii)
[***].
 
(b)            Without Parent’s prior written consent, which may not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed, the Company shall not, and no Bonus Plan Participant shall seek to cause the Company to take any of the following actions; and any denial, conditioning and/or delay of consent by Parent with respect to any these matters shall not give any basis for claiming that the Adjusted EBITDA Targets would have been achieved but for such denial, conditioning and/or delay (unless such denial fails to satisfy the requirement therefor in this Section 3.2(b) as being unreasonably withheld) nor otherwise give any right or claim against Parent with respect to the final determination of Actual Company 2016 Stub-Period Adjusted EBITDA, Actual Company 2017 Adjusted EBITDA or Actual Company 2018 Adjusted EBITDA, as the case may be, or otherwise.
 
15

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(i)
[***];
   
(ii)
[***];   or
   
(iii)
[***].

(c)            The provisions in Section 3.2(a) and (b) are sometime referred to herein as the “ Parent Protective Provisions .

ARTICLE IV
GENERAL RELEASE
 
4.1            General Release from Bonus Plan Participants .
 
(a)            In consideration of the Awards that may be received by such Bonus Plan Participant pursuant to this Bonus Plan, each Bonus Plan Participant hereby, effective as of the Closing, releases, waives and relinquishes to the fullest extent permitted under applicable law, any and all rights to bring a claim against (i) the Company and any of its Subsidiaries and their respective officers, directors, security holders, agents and other representatives in connection with the ownership and management of the Company prior to the Closing or (ii) against the Company, Parent and any of Parent’s other Affiliates (including, following the Closing, the Company) and their respective officers, directors, security holders, agents and other representatives with respect to any claims for Incentive Shares or this Bonus Plan, other than a claim against Parent or any Affiliate for violation of the covenants explicitly set forth in this Bonus Plan.   Each Bonus Plan Participant acknowledges and agrees that the general release they are providing under this Section 4.1 is a material inducement to Parent’s willingness to enter into the Merger Agreement and to the adopt this Bonus Plan.
 
(b)            IN CONNECTION WITH THIS WAIVER EACH BONUS PLAN PARTICIPANT IS AGREEING, EFFECTIVE AS OF THE CLOSING, TO RELEASE, WAIVE AND TO RELINQUISH ANY AND ALL RIGHTS AND BENEFITS AFFORDED BY SECTION 1542 OF THE CIVIL CODE OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA, OR ANY SIMILAR OR ANALOGOUS PROVISION OF THE LAWS OF ANY OTHER JURISDICTION.  SECTION 1542 OF THE CIVIL CODE OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA PROVIDES AS FOLLOWS:
 
“A GENERAL RELEASE DOES NOT EXTEND TO CLAIMS WHICH THE CREDITOR DOES NOT KNOW OR SUSPECT TO EXIST IN HIS OR HER FAVOR AT THE TIME OF EXECUTING THE RELEASE, WHICH IF KNOWN BY HIM OR HER MUST HAVE MATERIALLY AFFECTED HIS OR HER SETTLEMENT WITH THE DEBTOR.”
 
16

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
ARTICLE V
TRADING RESTRICTIONS
 
5.1            Re-sales of Parent Common Stock; Trading Restrictions .
 
(a)            For a period of two (2) years from the respective Award Date of any Incentive Shares under this Bonus Plan, Purchaser shall use commercially reasonable efforts to ensure that Parent Common Stock is eligible for sale under Rule 144 under the Securities Act (“ Rule 144 ”).  If a Bonus Plan Participant is eligible to utilize Rule 144 but reasonably determines that such Bonus Plan Participant is subject to the volume limitations required under Rule 144, then within the later to occur of (i) thirty (30) days following written notice by such Bonus Plan Participant or (ii) ten (10) Business Days following each participating Bonus Plan Participant having provided all information reasonably requested by Parent to prepare such registration statement, Parent shall file a registration statement under the Securities Act on Form S-3, Form S-8 or such other form to the extent Parent is eligible to include such Incentive Shares as determined by Parent in its sole discretion.
 
(b)            In connection with any obligation of Parent to file and maintain a registration statement under the Securities Act, the right of a Bonus Plan Participant to participate (or continue to participate) in a registration under the Securities Act shall be conditioned on such Bonus Plan Participant delivering customary selling stockholder questionnaires and other customary information from time to time as reasonably requested by Parent and otherwise reasonably cooperating with Parent in connection with such registration statement.  Parent shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause such registration statement to be declared effective within thirty (30) days after filing (and keep such registration statement effective (or portion thereof relating to such Bonus Plan Participant) effective until the earlier of (a) the sale of all or substantially all of the shares included in such registration statement,  (b) such Bonus Plan Participant no longer being restricted by volume restrictions under Rule 144 (determined for each participating employee on an individual basis) and (c) two (2) years from the respective Award Date of the participant Incentive Shares included in such registration statement.    Subject to the foregoing, any Incentive Shares issued under this Bonus Plan shall be subject to typical restrictions as imposed by a private placement of shares.
 
(c)            In connection with any issuance of Incentive Shares pursuant to this Bonus Plan, each recipient Bonus Plan Participant shall complete, if requested by Parent, an investor questionnaire which will include a representation and warranty from such recipient as to whether such recipient is an “accredited investor” within the meaning of Regulation D, Rule 501(a), promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Act and other customary representations and warranties as reasonably requested by Parent.  Parent may, in its sole discretion, elect to, in lieu of delivering Incentive Shares to a Bonus Plan Participant who does not qualify as an “accredited investor,” deliver the cash equivalent of the Incentive Shares to such Bonus Plan Participant (with the applicable cash value of such Incentive Shares being the Parent Trading Price determined as of the related Award Date(s) multiplied   by the number of Incentive Shares that such Bonus Plan Participant would otherwise have been issued on such Award Date(s)).
 
17

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(d)            The shares of Parent Common Stock issued pursuant to this Bonus Plan shall be subject to the restrictions on shares of Parent Common Stock under Parent’s insider trading policy applicable to similarly situated employees of Parent or its Subsidiaries.

ARTICLE VI
MISCELLANEOUS
 
6.1            Effective Date .  Notwithstanding anything in this Bonus Plan to the contrary, this Bonus Plan shall not become effective unless, and until, the Closing has occurred, in which case this Bonus Plan shall be effective as of the Closing Date.  This Bonus Plan can be terminated at any time prior to the Closing by Parent (without any further action or consent of any other Person or signatory) if the Merger Agreement is terminated.

6.2            Amendment, Suspension or Termination of Plan .

(a)            Subject to Section 6.1 for any period prior to the Closing, following the Closing, Parent and the Participant Representative may, from time to time, amend, suspend, or terminate in whole or in part, and if suspended or terminated, may reinstate, any or all of the provisions of this Bonus Plan, to any extent and in any manner that such parties in their respective sole discretion may consider advisable, necessary or desirable.

(b)            No amendment, suspension or termination of this Bonus Plan shall adversely affect the rights of a Bonus Plan Participant with respect to the amount of his or her Award under this Bonus Plan determined prior to the date of adoption of the amendment, suspension or termination.

6.3            No Rights as a Stockholder . All Incentive Shares to be issued pursuant to this Bonus Plan shall be deemed issued and outstanding only as of the related Award Date of such consideration, and subject to Section 2.4(d) , no Bonus Plan Participant shall be entitled to any dividend or distribution declared by Parent in respect of any Incentive Shares the record date for which is prior to such payment date.  This right of a Bonus Plan Participant to the Incentive Shares shall not represent an ownership interest in Parent unless and until Incentive Shares are actually issued and shall not entitle any Bonus Plan Participant to any rights common to any holder of any equity security of Parent.

6.4 .           Tax Withholdings .  The Company or Parent, as applicable, shall withhold from any amounts payable under this Bonus Plan, or from any other compensation payable to the Participant, any and all federal, state and local income taxes, FICA and other employment taxes, and any other taxes that are required to be withheld or paid from such payment under applicable law.
 
18

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
6.5.           Section 409A of the Code .  The intent of the Company and Parent is that payments and benefits under this Bonus Plan be exempt from or in compliance with Section 409A of the Code and the regulations and guidance promulgated thereunder and any similar state tax laws (“ Section 409A ”).  Accordingly, to the maximum extent permitted by law, this Bonus Plan and the Awards shall be interpreted to be exempt from or in compliance with Section 409A.  Any references in this Bonus Plan to a Bonus Plan Participant’s “termination,” “termination of employment” or like terms shall mean “separation from service” within the meaning of Section 409A.  Whenever an Award under this Bonus Plan specifies a payment or issuance period, the actual date of payment within the specified period shall be within the sole discretion of Parent.  For purposes of Section 409A, each payment pursuant to this Bonus Plan shall be treated as a separate and distinct payment.  In no event shall any Award under this Bonus Plan that constitutes “nonqualified deferred compensation” subject to Section 409A be subject to offset, counterclaim or recoupment by any other amount payable to a Bonus Plan Participant unless otherwise permitted by Section 409A.  The Company shall not be liable for any additional tax, interest or penalty that may be imposed on any Bonus Plan Participant under Section 409A or damages for failing to comply with Section 409A.

6.6 .           No Right to Awards or Continued Employment . Neither the establishment of this Bonus Plan nor the provision for or payment of any Awards hereunder nor any action of the Company, Parent or the Participant Representative in respect of this Bonus Plan shall be held or construed to confer upon any person any legal right to receive, or any interest in, any Award or any other benefit under this Bonus Plan, or any legal right to be continued in the employ of the Company, Parent or any other Affiliate of Parent.  The Company and/or Parent, or any other respective Affiliate employer, expressly reserves any and all rights to discharge any Company employee in its sole discretion, without liability of any person, entity or governing body under this Bonus Plan or otherwise.  Nothing in this Section 6.6 , however, is intended to adversely affect any express independent right of any person under any separate employment agreement.

6.7 .           Discretion of Company and Parent .  Any decision made or action taken by the Company or by Parent arising out of or in connection with the creation, amendment, construction, administration, interpretation, and effect of this Bonus Plan shall be within the absolute discretion of such entity and shall be conclusive and binding upon all persons.  No member of the board of directors of Parent or the Company or any other Affiliate of Parent shall have any liability for actions taken or omitted under this Bonus Plan by such person or any other Person.

6.8.           Arbitration .  All claims, disputes and other matters in question arising out of or relating to this Plan shall be resolved by binding arbitration before a panel of three arbitrators, one of whom shall be selected by the Participant Representative, one of whom shall be selected by Parent, and the two arbitrators so selected shall select the third arbitrator, in each case selected from Judicial Arbitration and Mediation Services, Inc. ( JAMS ”), in Los Angeles County, California.  In the event JAMS is unable or unwilling to conduct the arbitration provided for under the terms of this paragraph, or has discontinued its business, the parties agree that the arbitrators shall be selected otherwise in the same manner set forth in this Section 6.8 but substituting the American Arbitration Association, or its successor (“ AAA ”), in Los Angeles County, California, for JAMS.  Notice of the demand for arbitration shall be filed in writing with the other party to the dispute and with JAMS (or AAA, if necessary).  In no event shall the demand for arbitration be made after the date when institution of legal or equitable proceedings based on such claim, dispute or other matter in question would be barred by the applicable statute of limitations.  The arbitration shall be subject to commercial rules and procedures used or established by JAMS, or if there are none, the commercial rules and procedures used or established by AAA.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the JAMS (or AAA) rules and procedures, the arbitration shall provide for (i) written discovery and depositions adequate to give the parties access to documents and witnesses that are essential to the dispute and (ii) a written decision by the arbitrators that includes the essential findings and conclusions upon which the decision is based.  Subject to Section 6.9 , the parties shall bear their own costs and attorneys' fees incurred in conducting the arbitration, and shall split equally the fees and administrative costs charged by the arbitrators and JAMS (or AAA) unless required otherwise by applicable law.  Any award rendered by JAMS (or AAA) shall be final and binding upon the parties, and as applicable, their respective heirs, beneficiaries, legal representatives, agents, successors and assigns, and may be entered in any court having jurisdiction thereof.  Any arbitration hereunder shall be conducted in Los Angeles County, California, unless otherwise agreed to by the parties.
 
19

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
6.9.           Attorneys’ Fees .  In the event of any arbitration or litigation concerning any controversy, claim, or dispute arising out of or relating to this Bonus Plan, the prevailing party shall be entitled to recover from the non-prevailing party reasonable expenses, attorneys' fees and costs incurred in connection therewith or in the enforcement or collection of any judgment or award rendered therein.  The “prevailing party” means the party determined by the arbitrators or court, as the case may be, to have most nearly prevailed, even if such party did not prevail in all matters, not necessarily the one in whose favor a judgment is rendered.

6.10.         No Funding of Plan .  Neither the Company, Parent nor any other Affiliate of Parent shall be required to fund or otherwise segregate any cash or any other assets which may at any time be paid to Bonus Plan Participants under this Bonus Plan.  This Bonus Plan shall constitute an “unfunded” plan of the Company and Parent.  Neither the Company, Parent nor any other Affiliate of Parent shall, by any provision of this Bonus Plan, be deemed to be a trustee of any property, and any rights of any Bonus Plan Participant shall be no greater than those of a general unsecured creditor of the Company.

6.11.         Non-Transferability of Benefits and Interests .  Except as expressly permitted by Parent, no benefit payable under this Bonus Plan shall be subject in any manner to anticipation, alienation, sale, transfer, assignment, pledge, encumbrance, or charge, and any such attempted action shall be void and no such benefit shall be in any manner liable for or subject to debts, contracts, liabilities, engagements or torts of any Participant or former Participant.

6.12.         Governing Law .  THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED AND ENFORCED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE, WITHOUT GIVING EFFECT TO ANY CONFLICTS OF LAW PRINCIPLES THAT WOULD RESULT IN THE APPLICABILITY OF ANY LAW OTHER.

6.13.         Non-Exclusivity .  This Bonus Plan does not limit the authority of the Company, Parent, any other Affiliate of Parent, to grant awards of any other kind or authorize any other compensation to any person under any other plan or authority.
 
20

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
6.14.         Notifications . The Participant Representative, on the Closing Date, shall provide written notice to the Bonus Plan Participants as of their proposed Pro Rata Bonus Portion. Participant Representative and Parent shall cooperate in good faith on the form of the notice to be provided.

6.15.         Entire Understanding .  This document is a complete statement of this Bonus Plan.  This Bonus Plan’s provisions supersede all prior plans, representations and proposals written or oral as they apply to the Bonus Plan Participants and any other Company employees.  Neither the Company, Parent nor any other Parent Affiliate nor the Participant Representative is bound or liable to any employee of the Company, Parent or any other Affiliate of Parent for any representation, promise or inducement relating to this document, which is not expressly set forth in this document.

6.16.         Titles and Headings; Construction .  The titles and headings of the sections in the Plan are for convenience of reference only and, in the event of any conflict, the text of the Plan, rather than such titles or headings, shall control.

[ Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank ]
 
21

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the undersigned have caused this Bonus Plan to be signed, all as of the date first written above.

 
PARENT:
   
 
STAMPS.COM INC.
   
 
By:
 
 
Name:
 
 
Title:
 
   
 
COMPANY:
   
 
SHIPPINGEASY, INC.
   
 
By:
 
 
Name:
 
 
Title:
 
   
 
PARTICIPANT REPRESENTATIVE:
   
 
[***] on behalf of the Participant Representative and the Bonus Plan Participants
   
 
Name:
[***]
 
[ Signature Page to Management Incentive Plan ]
 

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
THE FOREGOING BONUS PLAN IS HEREBY ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREED BY THE FOLLOWING PERSONS:

THIS BONUS PLAN CONTAINS A GENERAL RELEASE OF CLAIMS IN FAVOR OF THE COMPANY AND PARENT FROM THE UNDERSIGNED.  BY SIGNING BELOW, EACH OF THE UNDERSIGNED REPRESENTS AND WARRANTS TO PARENT AND THE COMPANY THAT (A) THEY HAVE READ AND UNDERSTOOD THE TERMS OF THE BONUS PLAN AND HAVE RECEIVED FULL CONSIDERATION FOR THEIR AGREEMENTS REFLECTED THEREIN, (B) HAVE RETAINED AND BEEN ADVISED BY INDEPENDENT LEGAL COUNSEL IN CONNECTION WITH THEIR DECISION TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT AND (C) AND ACKNOWLEDGE AND AGREE THAT THEIR AGREEMENT AS TO THE TERMS OF THIS BONUS PLAN WAS A MATERIAL INDUCEMENT TO THE WILLINGNESS OF PARENT TO ENTER INTO THIS BONUS PLAN AND THE MERGER AGREEMENT AND IS A MATERIAL CONDITION PRECEDENT TO THE CLOSING.

 
BONUS PLAN PARTICIPANTS:
   
  /s/ Katie May
 
Name: Katie May
   
   /s/ Barry Cox
 
Name: Barry Cox
 
[ Signature Page to Management Incentive Plan ]
 

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
 
EXHIBIT A

[***]
 
Exhibit A-1

Confidential Portions of this Exhibit marked as [***] have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment and have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
 
EXHIBIT B

[***]
 
 
Exhibit B-1


Exhibit 31.1

Certification Pursuant to Section 302
of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

I, Ken McBride, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Stamps.com Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15(d)-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: August 9, 2016
/s/ KEN MCBRIDE
Ken McBride
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
 
 


Exhibit 31.2

Certification Pursuant to Section 302
of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

I, Kyle Huebner, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Stamps.com Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15(d)-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date:  August 9, 2016
/s/ KYLE HUEBNER
 
 
Kyle Huebner
 
 
Co-President and Chief Financial Officer
 
 
(Principal Financial Officer)
 
 
 


Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Stamps.com Inc. (the "Company") on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2016 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), I, Ken McBride, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company.

Date: August 9, 2016
/s/ KEN MCBRIDE
 
 
Ken McBride
 
 
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
 
 
(Principal Executive Officer)
 
 
A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.
 
 


Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Stamps.com Inc. (the "Company") on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2016 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), I, Kyle Huebner, Co-President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company.

Date: August 9, 2016
/s/ KYLE HUEBNER
 
 
Kyle Huebner
 
 
Co-President and Chief Financial Officer
 
 
(Principal Financial Officer)
 

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.