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Registration No. 333-   
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM S-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
BETTER CHOICE COMPANY INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
DELAWARE
5961
83-4284557
(STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF
INCORPORATION OR ORGANIZATION)
(PRIMARY STANDARD INDUSTRIAL
CLASSIFICATION CODE NUMBER)
(I.R.S. EMPLOYER
IDENTIFICATION NUMBER)
164 Douglas Road E
Oldsmar, FL 34677
(813) 659-5921
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)
Werner von Pein
Chief Executive Officer
164 Douglas Road E
Oldsmar, FL 34677
(813) 659-5921
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
Copy to:
Louis Lombardo, Esq.
Denis Dufresne, Esq.
Agatha Rysinski, Esq.
Meister Seelig & Fein LLP
125 Park Avenue, 7th Floor
New York, New York 10017
Tel: (212) 655-3500
Fax: (212) 655-3535
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: From time to time after the effective date of this registration statement.
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box: ☒
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
Accelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer
Smaller reporting company
 
 
Emerging growth company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act.
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
Title of Each Class of Securities to be Registered
Amount
to be
Registered(1)
Proposed
Maximum
Offering Price
Per Share
Proposed
Maximum
Aggregate
Offering Price
Amount of
Registration Fee(4)
Common Stock, $0.001 par value share, issuable upon conversion of our Series F preferred stock held by selling stockholders
43,603,130
$0.97(2)
$42,295,036.10
$4,614.38
Common Stock, $0.001 par value share, held by selling stockholders
25,641
$0.97(2)
$24,871.77
$2.71
Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share, underlying warrants held by selling stockholders
43,833,902
$0.97(3)
$42,518,884.90
$4,638.81
Total:
87,462,673
 
$84,838,792.80
$9,255.91
(1)
In the event of a stock split, stock dividend, or similar transaction involving our common stock, the number of shares registered shall automatically be increased to cover the additional shares of common stock issuable pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“Securities Act”).
(2)
Estimated solely for purposes of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(c) under the Securities Act. Shares of the registrant’s common stock are eligible for trading on the over-the-counter market. The maximum price per share is based on the average of the $0.98 (high) and $0.95 (low) sale price of the registrant’s common stock as reported on the over-the-counter market on December 7, 2020.
(3)
Estimated solely for purposes of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(g) under the Securities Act. The maximum price per share is based on the average of the $0.98 (high) and $0.95 (low) sale price of the registrant’s common stock as reported on the over-the-counter market on December 7, 2020.
(4)
To be paid in connection with the initial public filing of the registration statement.
The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or until this registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said section 8(a), may determine.

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The information in this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed. The selling stockholders may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell nor does it seek an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
Subject to Completion Dated December 9, 2020
PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS
BETTER CHOICE COMPANY INC.
87,462,673 Shares of
Common Stock
This prospectus relates solely to the resale of up to an aggregate of 87,462,673 shares of our common stock, par value $0.001 per share (“common stock”), by the selling stockholders identified in this prospectus. The selling stockholders acquired the shares of common stock offered by this prospectus from us in private placement transactions in reliance on exemptions from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) as more fully described herein. We are registering the resale of these shares of common stock by the selling stockholders to satisfy registration rights we have granted to the selling stockholders.
The selling stockholders may offer to sell the shares of common stock being offered in this prospectus at fixed prices, at prevailing market prices at the time of sale, at varying prices, at negotiated prices or through other means described in the section entitled “Plan of Distribution.” We do not know when or in what amount the selling stockholders may offer these shares of common stock for sale. The selling stockholders may sell some, all or none of the shares of common stock offered by this prospectus.
The selling stockholders will receive all proceeds from the sale of the shares of common stock hereunder, and we will not receive any of the proceeds from their sale of the shares of common stock hereunder. We have agreed to pay all expenses relating to registering the shares of common stock being offered in this prospectus. The selling stockholders will pay any brokerage commissions and/or similar charges incurred by them for the sale of the shares of common stock being offered in this prospectus.
There is currently a limited public trading market for our common stock. Because all of the shares of common stock being offered in this prospectus are being offered by the selling stockholders, we cannot currently determine the price or prices at which these shares may be sold.
Our common stock is quoted on the OTCQB tier of the electronic over-the-counter marketplace operated by OTC Markets Group, Inc. under the symbol “BTTR.” On November 17, 2020, the last reported sales price for our common stock was $0.88 per share.
We are a “smaller reporting company” under applicable Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) rules and will be eligible for reduced public company reporting requirements. See “Summary—We are a Smaller Reporting Company.”
Investing in our common stock involves significant risks. You should read the section entitled “Risk Factors” beginning on page 7 for a discussion of certain risk factors that you should consider before investing in our common stock.
We may amend or supplement this prospectus from time to time by filing amendments or supplements as required. You should read the entire prospectus and any amendments or supplements carefully before you make your investment decision.
Neither the SEC nor any other regulatory body has passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The date of this prospectus is     , 2020

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You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. We have not, and the selling stockholders have not, authorized anyone to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different information, you should not rely on it. We are not, and the selling stockholders are not, making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information contained in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date on the front cover of this prospectus. Neither the delivery of this prospectus nor any sale made in connection with this prospectus shall, under any circumstances, create any implication that there has been no change in our affairs since the date of this prospectus or that the information contained in this prospectus is correct as of any time after its date. Information contained on our website, or any other website operated by us, is not part of this prospectus.
For investors outside the United States: We have not, and the selling stockholders have not, done anything that would permit possession or distribution of this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required, other than in the United States. Persons outside the United States who come into possession of this prospectus must inform themselves about, and observe any restrictions relating to, the offering of the shares of common stock and the distribution of this prospectus outside the United States.
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CERTAIN IMPORTANT INFORMATION
Trademarks
We own or have rights to use the trademarks and trade names that we use in conjunction with the operation of our business. Each trademark or trade name of any other company appearing in this prospectus is, to our knowledge, owned by such other company. Solely for convenience, our trademarks and trade names referred to in this prospectus may appear without the ® or ™ symbols, but those references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights or the right of the applicable licensor to these trademarks and trade names.
Presentation of Financial and Other Information
On May 6, 2019, Better Choice Company Inc. (“Better Choice Company” or the “Company”) acquired TruPet LLC (“TruPet”) and Bona Vida, Inc. (“Bona Vida”) in a pair of all-stock transactions (the “May Acquisitions”), discussed in more detail in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed on May 1, 2020. The acquisition of TruPet is treated as a reverse merger with TruPet determined to be the accounting acquirer of the Company. As such, the historical financial statements of the registrant prior to the May Acquisitions are those of TruPet and TruPet’s equity has been re-cast to reflect shares of Better Choice Company common stock received in the acquisitions. The acquisition of Better Choice Company and Bona Vida were treated as asset acquisitions. On December 19, 2019, Better Choice Company acquired (the “Halo Acquisition”, and together with the May Acquisitions, the “Acquisitions”) 100% of the issued and outstanding capital stock of Halo, Purely for Pets, Inc. (“Halo”). Unless otherwise stated or the context otherwise requires, the historical business information described in this prospectus prior to consummation of the May Acquisitions is that of TruPet and, following consummation of the May Acquisitions through December 19, 2019, reflects business information of the Company, TruPet, and Bona Vida. From December 19, 2019 onward, the results of operations reflects business information of Better Choice Company, and Halo as a combined business.
References to the “Company”, “we”, “us” and “our” in this prospectus, refer to TruPet and its consolidated subsidiaries prior to May 6, 2019, to Better Choice Company, TruPet and Bona Vida and their consolidated subsidiaries after May 6, 2019 but before December 19, 2019 and to Better Choice Company, TruPet, Bona Vida and Halo and their consolidated subsidiaries after December 19, 2019.
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SUMMARY
This summary highlights selected information contained elsewhere in this prospectus, but it does not contain all of the information that you may consider important in making your investment decision. Therefore, you should carefully read the entire prospectus carefully, including, in particular, the “Risk Factors” section beginning on page [7] of this prospectus and the consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus before making an investment decision.
In this prospectus, unless the context otherwise requires, to the “Company”, “we”, “us” and “our” refer to TruPet and its consolidated subsidiaries prior to May 6, 2019 and to Better Choice Company, TruPet and Bona Vida and their consolidated subsidiaries post May 6, 2019 but before December 19, 2019 and to Better Choice Company, TruPet, Bona Vida and Halo and their consolidated subsidiaries after December 19, 2019.
Overview
Better Choice Company is a growing animal health and wellness company committed to leading the industry shift toward pet products and services that help dogs and cats live heathier, happier and longer lives. We take an alternative, nutrition-based approach to animal health relative to conventional dog and cat food offerings, and position our portfolio of brands to benefit from the mainstream trends of growing pet humanization and consumer focus on health and wellness. We have a demonstrated, multi-decade track record of success selling trusted animal health and wellness products, and leverage our established digital footprint to provide pet parents with the knowledge to make informed decision about their pet’s health. We sell the majority of our dog food, cat food and treats under the Halo and TruDog brands, which are focused, respectively, on providing sustainably sourced kibble and canned food derived from real whole meat, and minimally processed raw-diet dog food and treats.
Our diverse product offering has enabled us to penetrate multiple channels of trade, which we believe provides us with broad demographic exposure and appeal. We group these channels of trade into two distinct categories: retail-partner based (“Retail”), which includes the sale of product to e-commerce retailers, pet specialty chains, grocery, mass and distributors, and direct to consumer, (“DTC”), which is focused on driving consumers to directly purchase product through our online web platform. With regard to our channels of trade, the online purchase of pet food continues to take market share from brick and mortar retail, with Packaged Facts reporting internet shopping growing from 7% of U.S. pet product sales in 2015 to 22% in 2019. We believe that the trend toward online shopping will continue, and we will continue to reach a growing base of diverse customers through our DTC and e-commerce partner channels. Because our DTC strategy leverages one-on-one customer relationships and utilizes a targeted, data-driven approach to reach customers, we can gather valuable market and consumer behavior data that will allow our brands to be more competitive in the Retail channel. Conversely, we believe Halo’s long-established relationships with key Retail customers will enable us to more effectively launch additional brands in the rapidly evolving retail environment. In addition, Halo has successfully launched into high growth markets in Asia. We intend to build on that success by expanding our products consumer reach through online marketplaces in these markets based on the DTC team experience.
Our established supply and distribution infrastructure allows us to develop, manufacture and commercialize new products generally in under 12 weeks. We will continue to deliver innovation to expand our product offerings and improve the health and well-being of pets. We leverage our proprietary behavioral database, customer feedback and analytics capabilities to derive valuable insights and launch new products. We recently launched a line extension of our Halo brand to offer vegan alternatives for our customers. In addition to our domestic capabilities, we have partnered with a leading Israeli research and development center, Cannasoul, to create a portfolio of indication-specific intellectual property focused on hemp-derived cannabidiol (“CBD”) formulations.
Our experienced management and board members have an established track record across the retail, consumer packaged goods, pet health and wellness industries, and they share a common vision to build the premier provider of health and wellness pet products.
The Acquisitions and the May Private Placement
TruPet Acquisition
On December 17, 2018, Better Choice Company made a $2,200,000 investment in TruPet, an online seller of pet foods, pet nutritional products and related pet supplies. On February 2, 2019 Better Choice Company entered into a definitive agreement to acquire the remainder of TruPet. In connection with the acquisition, 15,027,533 shares of
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Better Choice Company common stock were issued to TruPet’s members for the remaining 93.3% of the issued and outstanding membership interests of TruPet. We closed the acquisition on May 6, 2019. The shares of common stock included in the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part includes the shares of common stock issued to TruPet’s members in the May Acquisitions.
Bona Vida Acquisition
On February 28, 2019, Better Choice Company entered into a definitive agreement to acquire all of the outstanding shares of Bona Vida, an emerging hemp-based CBD platform focused on developing a portfolio of brand and product verticals within the animal health and wellness space. In connection with the acquisition, 18,103,273 shares of Better Choice Company common stock were issued to Bona Vida’s stockholders for all shares of Bona Vida’s common stock outstanding immediately prior to the acquisition. We closed the acquisition on May 6, 2019. The shares of common stock included in the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part includes the shares of common stock issued to former stockholders of Bona Vida in the May Acquisitions.
May Private Placement
On May 6, 2019, we completed a private placement (the “May Private Placement”), in which we sold 5,744,991 shares of our common stock and 5,744,991 warrants to purchase our common stock at an exercise price of $4.25 per share at an offering price of $3.00 per share in reliance on exemptions from registration under the Securities Act. The warrants are exercisable for 24 months from the closing of the May Private Placement. The net proceeds from the May Private Placement, after deducting offering expenses and the payment of the placement fee, were approximately $15.7 million which we used for general corporate purposes.
Halo Acquisition
On October 15, 2019, we entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Agreement”) with Halo, Purely For Pets, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Halo”), Thriving Paws, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Thriving Paws”), HH-Halo LP, a Delaware limited partnership (“HH-Halo” and, together with Thriving Paws, the “Sellers”) and HH-Halo, in the capacity of the representative of the Sellers. Pursuant to the terms and subject to the conditions of the Agreement, among other things, we agreed to purchase from the Sellers one hundred percent (100%) of the issued and outstanding capital stock of Halo (the “Halo Acquisition”). The aggregate consideration payable by us under the Agreement was $38.2 million, subject to customary adjustments for Halo’s net working capital, cash, and indebtedness, and consisting of a combination of (a) cash, (b) shares of our common stock, par value $0.001 per share and (c) convertible subordinated notes and accompanying stock purchase warrants. The Halo Acquisition was consummated on December 19, 2019. The shares of common stock included in the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part includes the shares of common stock issuable upon the conversion of convertible notes and upon the exercise of warrants issued to former stockholders of Halo in the Halo Acquisition.
Recent Developments
Revolving line of credit
On July 16, 2020, the Company received a revolving line of credit in the aggregate amount of $7.5 million (the “ABL Facility”) from Citizens Business Bank, a California banking corporation, pursuant to a business loan agreement (the “ABL Agreement”). The proceeds of the ABL Facility will be used (i) to repay all principal, interest and fees outstanding under the Company’s existing revolving credit facility and (ii) for general corporate purposes.
Amendment to December 2018 Warrants
On September 18, 2020, the Company amended, with the requisite approval of the holders thereof, all of the common stock purchase warrants originally issued in December 2018 (the “December 2018 Warrants”). The amendment eliminates certain antidilution rights contained in the December 2018 Warrants, fixes the number of shares of common stock purchasable under each of the outstanding December 2018 Warrants and sets the exercise price thereof at $0.65 per share.
Issuance of Series F Preferred Stock and Exchange of Series E Preferred Stock
We consummated a private placement of Series F units (“Series F Units”) in three closings on October 1, October 12 and October 23, 2020 (the “Series F Private Placement”) in which we raised approximately $21.7 million, including an investment by certain of our officers and directors of approximately $6.5 million and an exchange of all of our
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outstanding Series E preferred stock of approximately $3.5 million. Each Series F Unit was sold at a per unit price of $1,000 and consisted of (i) one share of the Company’s Series F convertible preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Series F Preferred Stock”), which is convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, at a value per share of common stock of $0.50 (subject to adjustment); and (ii) a warrant to purchase for a six year period such number of shares of common stock into which such share of Series F Preferred Stock is convertible at an exercise price per share of $0.75 (subject to adjustment) (the “Series F Warrants”). Pursuant to the Series F Private Placement, the Company raised approximately $18.2 million in gross cash proceeds, which proceeds were used to pay expenses related to the offering, repay a portion of our outstanding term loan and for general corporate purposes. In addition, the Company issued 100 Series F Units as compensation under a marketing agreement for the Company’s products. In the Series F Private Placement, we issued 21,801.565 shares of Series F Preferred Stock and 43,603,130 warrants to purchase common stock (subject to adjustment). In connection with the Series F Private Placement, we entered into a registration rights agreement (as amended, the “Series F Registration Rights Agreement”). See “Description of Capital Stock—Registration Rights—Series F Registration Rights Agreement” for more information.
Amendment to our Facilities Agreement.
In October, 2020, the Company entered into amendments to its Facilities Agreement to allow the Company to use a portion of the net proceeds of the Series F Private Placement to make partial repayments of the term loan outstanding under the Facilities Agreement. As a result of this amendments, the Company made partial repayments of our term loan in the aggregate amount of approximately $11.8 million.
On November 25, 2020, the Company entered into the fifth amendment (the “amendment”) to the Loan Facilities Letter Agreement dated December 19, 2019 (the “Facilities Agreement”), extending the maturity date of the term loan to January 15, 2021
Repricing of Stock Options Outstanding Under 2019 Equity Incentive Plan.
Effective October 1, 2020, outstanding stock option awards under the 2019 Equity Incentive Plan held by current employees as of October 1, 2020 were repriced concurrent with the closing of the Series F Private Placement. In total, 6,077,731 stock options were repriced. The exercise price was set at a 20% premium to the Series F conversion price, or $0.60 per share.
Amendment to Advertising Agreement
On August 28, 2019, the Company entered into a radio advertising agreement with iHeart for future advertising to be provided to the Company from August 2019 to August 2021. The Company committed to using a certain portion of the media inventory by August 28, 2020, with the remainder of the advertising available through August 28, 2021. On August 28, 2020, the agreement was amended to extend the commitment dates by one year, whereby the inventory originally committed to be used by August 28, 2020 may now be used through August 28, 2021. The remainder of the advertising is now available through August 28, 2022.
Risks Associated with our Business
Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks described in “Risk Factors” beginning on page 7 before making a decision to invest in our common stock. If any of these risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects would likely be materially, adversely affected. In that event, the trading price of our common stock could decline, and you could lose part or all of your investment. Below is a summary of some of the principal risks we face:
We may not be able to successfully implement our growth strategy on a timely basis or at all;
We may have difficulties managing our anticipated growth, or we may not grow at all;
We have a history of losses, we expect to incur losses in the future and we may not be able to achieve or maintain profitability;
We require a significant amount of cash to operate our business or increase our production to meet consumer demand for our products;
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The combined business may be unable to integrate Bona Vida, Halo and TruPet’s businesses successfully and realize the anticipated benefits of the acquisitions;
If we do not successfully develop additional products and services, or if such products and services are developed but not successfully commercialized, we could lose revenue opportunities;
If we fail to attract new customers, or retain existing customers, or fail to do either in a cost-effective manner, we may not be able to increase sales;
We are vulnerable to fluctuations in the price and supply of ingredients, packaging materials, and freight;
We may be subject to product liability claims or regulatory action if our products are alleged to have caused significant loss or injury;
We may not be able to manage our manufacturing and supply chain effectively, which may adversely affect our results of operations;
Interruption in our sourcing operations could disrupt production, shipment or receipt of our merchandise, which would result in lost sales and could increase our costs;
If the ingredients used in our products are contaminated, alleged to be contaminated or are otherwise rumored to have adverse effects, our results of operations could be adversely affected;
If we are unable to achieve desired results from, or maintain our advertising and marketing arrangements with certain third-party advertising or marketing providers to generate customers, our ability to generate revenue and our business could be adversely affected;
Our intellectual property rights may be inadequate to protect our business;
We depend on the knowledge and skills of our senior management and other key employees, and if we are unable to retain and motivate them or recruit additional qualified personnel, our business may suffer;
We rely heavily on third-party commerce platforms to conduct our businesses and if one of those platforms is compromised, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be harmed;
We and our third-party contract manufacturers and suppliers are subject to extensive governmental regulation and may be subject to enforcement if we are not in compliance with applicable requirements; and
Our recurring losses and significant accumulated deficit have raised substantial doubt regarding our ability to continue as a going concern.
General Corporate Information
We were incorporated in the State of Nevada in 2001 under the name Cayenne Construction, Inc., and in 2009, changed our name to Sports Endurance, Inc. Effective March 11, 2019, we changed our name to Better Choice Company Inc. after reincorporating in Delaware. Our principal executive offices are located at 164 Douglas Road E, Oldsmar, FL 34677, and our telephone number at that address is (813) 659-5921. Our website is available at https://www.betterchoicecompany.com. Information on our website or any other website is not incorporated by reference herein and does not constitute a part of this prospectus.
We are a Smaller Reporting Company
We are a “smaller reporting company,” as defined in Item 10(f)(1) of Regulation S-K. As a smaller reporting company, we are eligible for exemptions from various reporting requirements applicable to other public companies that are not smaller reporting companies, including, but not limited to:
Reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports, proxy statements and registration statements;
Not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002; and
Reduced disclosure obligations for our annual and quarterly reports, proxy statements and registration statements.
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We will remain a smaller reporting company until the end of the fiscal year in which (1) we have a public common equity float of more than $250 million, or (2) we have annual revenues for the most recently completed fiscal year of more than $100 million plus we have a public common equity float or public float of more than $700 million. We also would not be eligible for status as smaller reporting company if we become an investment company, an asset-backed issuer or a majority-owned subsidiary of a parent company that is not a smaller reporting company.
We have elected to take advantage of certain of the reduced disclosure obligations in the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part and may elect to take advantage of other reduced reporting requirements in future filings. As a result, the information that we provide to our stockholders may be different from what you might receive from other public reporting companies in which you hold equity interests.
References herein to “smaller reporting company” shall have the meaning associated with it in Item 10(f)(1) of Regulation S-K.
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The Offering
Common Stock Offered by the Selling Stockholders
A total of up to 87,462,673 shares of our common stock. The selling stockholders may from time to time sell some, all or none of the shares of common stock pursuant to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.
Shares of Common Stock Outstanding
49,185,860 as of November 17, 2020.
Use of Proceeds
The selling stockholders will receive all of the proceeds from the sale of shares of our common stock. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares of our common stock by the selling stockholders.
Dividend Policy
We currently intend to retain our future earnings, if any, to finance the development and expansion of our business and, therefore, do not intend to pay cash dividends on our common stock for the foreseeable future. Any future determination to pay dividends will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon then-existing conditions, including our results of operations and financial condition, capital requirements, business prospects, statutory and contractual restrictions on our ability to pay cash dividends, if any, and other factors our board of directors may deem relevant.
Our Series F preferred stock (as defined herein) ranks pari passu with the shares of our common stock with respect to dividend rights and will participate in dividends on an as-converted basis.
See “Dividend Policy.”
Risk Factors
Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. For a discussion of factors you should consider in making an investment, see “Risk Factors” beginning on page 7.
Listing and Trading Symbol
“BTTR.”
Except as otherwise indicated, the number of shares of our common stock outstanding is based on the number of shares of our common stock outstanding as of November 17, 2020. This number does not include:
63,455,837 warrants to purchase our common stock at a weighted average exercise price of $1.18 per share that we issued in the Series F Private Placement, the Acquisitions, the May Private Placement, the December Private Placement (as defined herein) and certain other compensation and financing transactions described herein;
7,453,480 shares of common stock underlying options to purchase common stock at a weighted average exercise price of $1.74 per share that we granted under the Company’s 2019 Incentive Award Plan (the “2019 Plan” and the “2019 Amended Plan”) to our directors, executive officers key employees and third-party contractors (of which 4,946,658 options have vested as of November 17, 2020);
7,346,568 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of convertible notes that we issued in connection with the December Private Placement, the Halo Acquisition and certain other financing transactions described herein.
43,603,130 shares of common stock issuable upon the conversion of our Series F Preferred Stock issued in the Series F Private Placement.
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RISK FACTORS
An investment in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. Before making an investment decision, you should carefully consider the following risk factors, which address the material risks concerning our business and an investment in our common stock, together with the other information contained in this prospectus. If any of the risks discussed in this prospectus occur, our business, prospects, liquidity, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected, in which case the trading price of our common stock could decline significantly and you could lose all or part of your investment. Some statements in this prospectus, including statements in the following risk factors, constitute forward-looking statements. Please refer to the section entitled “Cautionary Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements.”
Risks Related to Our Business and Industry
The COVID-19 pandemic could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
In December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus was reported to have surfaced in Wuhan, China. In January 2020, the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak a “Public Health Emergency of International Concern.” This worldwide outbreak has resulted in the implementation of significant governmental measures, including lockdowns, closures, quarantines and travel bans intended to control the spread of the virus. Companies are also taking precautions, such as requiring employees to work remotely, imposing travel restrictions and temporarily closing businesses and facilities. These restrictions, and future prevention and mitigation measures, have had an adverse impact on global economic conditions and are likely to have an adverse impact on consumer confidence and spending, which could materially adversely affect the supply of, as well as the demand for, our products. Uncertainties regarding the economic impact of COVID-19 is likely to result in sustained market turmoil, which could also negatively impact our business, financial condition and cash flows.
We source our products from suppliers and manufacturers located in the United States and New Zealand. The impact of COVID-19 on these suppliers, or any of our other suppliers, co-manufacturers, distributors or transportation or logistics providers, may negatively affect the price and availability of our ingredients and/or packaging materials and impact our supply chain. If the disruptions caused by COVID-19 continue for an extended period of time, our ability to meet the demands of our customers may be materially impacted. To date, we have not experienced any reduction in the available supply of our products. As of August 2020, the United States Department of Homeland Security has classified businesses that manufacture, produce and supply pet food as “Essential Critical Infrastructure Workers.”
We depend on a logistics partner and our warehouse facilities located in Tampa, Florida. If we are forced to scale back hours of operation or close these facilities in response to the pandemic, we expect our business, financial condition and results of operations would be materially adversely affected. Additionally, many of our employees, including members of our management team, have been working remotely as a result of the closure of our offices in Florida, Ohio and New York in compliance with local and state regulations in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. If our operations or productivity continue to be impacted throughout the duration of the COVID-19 outbreak and government-mandated closures, which may negatively impact our business, financial condition and cash flows. The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic will further impact our business will depend on future developments and, given the uncertainty around the extent and timing of the potential future spread or mitigation and around the imposition or relaxation of protective measures, we cannot reasonably estimate the impact to our business at this time.
The extent of COVID-19's effect on our operational and financial performance will depend on future developments, including the duration, spread and intensity of the outbreak, all of which are uncertain and difficult to predict considering the rapidly evolving landscape. As a result, it is not currently possible to ascertain the overall impact of COVID-19 on our business. However, if the pandemic continues for a prolonged period it could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows and adversely impact the trading price of our common stock.
We may not be able to successfully implement our growth strategy on a timely basis or at all.
Our future success depends on our ability to implement our growth strategy of introducing new products and expanding into new markets and new distribution channels and attracting new consumers to our brand and sub-brands. Our ability to implement this growth strategy depends, among other things, on our ability to:
establish our brands and reputation as a well-managed enterprise committed to delivering premium quality products to the pet health and wellness industry;
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enter into distribution and other strategic arrangements with retailers and other potential distributors of our products;
continue to effectively compete in specialty channels and respond to competitive developments;
continue to market and sell our products through a multi-channel distribution strategy and achieve joint growth targets with our distribution partners;
expand and maintain brand loyalty;
develop new proprietary value-branded products and product line extensions that appeal to consumers;
maintain and, to the extent necessary, improve our high standards for product quality, safety and integrity;
maintain sources from suppliers that comply with all federal, state and local laws for the required supply of quality ingredients to meet our growing demand;
identify and successfully enter and market our products in new geographic markets and market segments;
execute value-focused pricing strategies that position our products as premium, great tasting, all natural products offered at a competitive price;
maintain compliance with all federal, state and local laws related to our products; and
attract, integrate, retain and motivate qualified personnel.
We may not be able to successfully implement our growth strategy and may need to change our strategy in order to maintain our growth. If we fail to implement our growth strategy or if we invest resources in a growth strategy that ultimately proves unsuccessful, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially adversely affected.
We may have difficulties managing our anticipated growth, or we may not grow at all.
If we succeed in growing our business, such growth could strain our management team and capital resources. Our ability to manage operations and control growth will be dependent on our ability to raise and spend capital to successfully attract, train, motivate, retain and manage new members of senior management and other key personnel and continue to update and improve our management and operational systems, infrastructure and other resources, financial and management controls, and reporting systems and procedures. Failure to manage our growth effectively could cause us to misallocate management or financial resources, and result in additional expenditures and inefficient use of existing human and capital resources or we otherwise may be forced to grow at a slower pace that could impair or eliminate our ability to achieve and sustain profitability. Such slower than expected growth may require us to restrict or cease our operations and go out of business.
Additionally, our anticipated growth will increase the demands placed on our suppliers, resulting in an increased need for us to manage our suppliers and monitor for quality assurance and comply with all applicable laws. Any failure by us to manage our growth effectively could impair our ability to achieve our business objectives.
We have a history of losses, we expect to incur losses in the future and we may not be able to achieve or maintain profitability.
We have a history of losses. We incurred net losses of $29.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and had $230.9 million in accumulated deficit as of September 30, 2020. We incurred net losses of $184.6 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019. Because we have a short operating history at scale, it is difficult for us to predict our future operating results. As a result, our losses may be larger than anticipated, and we may not achieve profitability when expected, or at all. Also, we expect our operating expenses to increase over the next several years as we further increase marketing spend, hire more employees, continue to develop new products and services, and expand internationally. These efforts may be more costly than we expect and may not result in increased revenue or growth in our business. Any failure to increase our revenue sufficiently to keep pace with our investments and other expenses could prevent us from achieving or maintaining profitability or positive cash flow on a consistent basis. Furthermore, if our future growth and operating performance fail to meet investor or analyst expectations, or if we have future negative cash flow or losses resulting from our investment in acquiring new customers or expanding our business, our business, financial condition and operating results may be materially adversely affected.
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Our outstanding debt could reduce our strategic flexibility and liquidity and may have other adverse effects on our results of operations.
During fiscal year 2019, we incurred significant debt under subordinated convertible promissory notes and the short term loan and a revolving line of credit and term loan facility entered into in connection with the Halo Acquisition (the “Facilities Agreement”). On July 16, 2020, we entered into an ABL Facility with Citizens Business Bank (“Citizens ABL Facility”) and used the proceeds to repay all of the outstanding obligations under the revolving line of credit portion of the Facilities Agreement. The term loan potion of the Facility Agreement remains outstanding. The obligations under our Facilities Agreement and Citizens ABL Facility are secured by a general security interest on the assets of the Company and are personally guaranteed by certain members of the Company’s board of directors. Our ability to meet our debt service obligations depends upon our operating and financial performance, which is subject to general economic and competitive conditions and to financial, business and other factors affecting our operations, many of which are beyond our control. If we are unable to service our debt, we may need to sell inventory and other material assets, restructure or refinance our debt, or seek additional equity capital. If our inability to meet our debt service obligations results in an event of default as defined under the subordinated convertible promissory notes, the Facilities Agreement or the Citizens ABL Facility, the lenders thereunder may be able to take possession of substantially all of the assets of the Company. Prevailing economic conditions and global credit markets could adversely impact our ability to do so. Our debt agreements contain limits on our ability to, among other things, incur additional debt, grant liens, undergo certain fundamental changes, make investments, and dispose of inventory.
Our recurring losses and significant accumulated deficit have raised substantial doubt regarding our ability to continue as a going concern.
We have experienced recurring operating losses over the last two years and have a significant accumulated deficit. We expect to continue to generate operating losses and consume significant cash resources for the foreseeable future. Without additional financing, these conditions raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern, meaning that we may be unable to continue operations for the foreseeable future or realize assets and discharge liabilities in the ordinary course of operations. If we seek additional financing to fund our business activities in the future and there remains doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern, investors or other financing sources may be unwilling to provide additional funding on commercially reasonable terms or at all. If we are unable to obtain sufficient funding, our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations will be materially and adversely affected and we may be unable to continue as a going concern. If we are unable to continue as a going concern, we may have to liquidate our assets and may receive less than the value at which those assets are carried on our consolidated financial statements, and it is likely that investors will lose all or a part of their investment.
We require a significant amount of cash to operate our business or increase our production to meet consumer demand for our products.
The continued development of our business will require additional funding, and there is no assurance that we will generate cash flow from operations in the future sufficient to run our operations, service our debt and make necessary capital expenditures. If we are unable to generate such cash flow, we may be required to adopt one or more alternatives, such as selling assets, restructuring our existing debt or obtaining additional equity capital. The evolving nature of the business in which we operate may also make it more challenging to raise additional capital. We cannot assure you that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations in an amount sufficient to fund our liquidity needs.
We have material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting. If these material weaknesses persist or if we fail to establish and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting, our ability to accurately report its financial results could be adversely affected.
Prior to the closing of the May Acquisitions, TruPet, which was determined to be the accounting acquirer (see “Note—Nature of business and summary of significant accounting policies” to our audited consolidated financial statements included in this prospectus), was a private company and had limited accounting and financial reporting personnel and other resources with which to address its internal control over financial reporting. In connection with the preparation of the financial statements for the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer, Werner von Pein and our former Chief Financial Officer, Andreas Schulmeyer, evaluated the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019 and determined they were not effective. A material
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weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the Company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.
The Company has identified the following material weaknesses: (i) the Company has not designed or implemented a system of internal controls and, as result, the Company does not have (x) segregation of duties and evidence of fiduciary oversight related to the financial statement close process, cash disbursements process, contract approval process and time and expense reimbursement process; (y) formally documented accounting policies and procedures that are effective and consistently applied in accordance with GAAP; (z) effective controls and resources to address the accounting requirements for new accounting pronouncements; (ii) the Company’s financial statement close process and disclosure controls and procedures, including the secondary review and approval of financial information generated to prepare the consolidated financial statements, and the lack of integration of the underlying IT systems used to consolidate the Company’s subsidiaries, are ineffective and, as a result, the Company has been unable to close its books or fulfill its SEC reporting requirements in a timely manner; and (iii) the Company has ineffective controls for assessing its sales tax obligations, including timely payment and accrual recognition.
The primary cause of the material weaknesses was the small size of our accounting staff, which resulted in a lack of segregation of duties and insufficient review procedures. Although we have begun building our in house finance team by hiring qualified leadership and staff to help review, revise and amend the internal processes to develop effective controls, there can be no assurance that these efforts will remediate the material weaknesses or avoid future weaknesses or deficiencies. Any failure to remediate the material weakness and any future weaknesses or deficiencies or any failure to implement required new or improved controls or difficulties encountered in their implementation could cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations or result in material misstatements in our financial statements. If we are unable to remediate the material weaknesses, our management may not be able to conclude that our disclosure controls and procedures or internal control over financial reporting are effective, which could result in investors losing confidence in our reported financial information and may lead to a decline in the stock price.
We have a limited operating history and, as a result, our past results may not be indicative of future operating performance.
We have a limited operating history as a consolidated company to date and with the current scale of our business, which makes it difficult to forecast our future results, particularly with respect to sales made via our DTC platform and sales made in the Retail channel to e-commerce brick and mortar partners. You should not rely on our past annual or quarterly results of operations as indicators of future performance. Because we are in the early stages of operating our business, we are subject to many of the same risks inherent in the operation of a business with a limited operating history. You should consider and evaluate our prospects in light of the risks and uncertainty frequently encountered by companies like ours, including the potential inability to continue as a going concern. We will need to raise substantial additional capital, but adequate additional capital may not be available when we need it, on acceptable terms or at all.
We anticipate that we will need to raise additional capital to execute our business plan and maintain and expand our operations. Additional capital may not be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all. If we are unable to raise additional capital, our business may be harmed and we may need to curtail or cease operations. We may sell equity securities or debt securities in one or more transactions at prices and in a manner as we may determine from time to time. If we sell any such securities in subsequent transactions, our current investors may be materially diluted. Any debt financing, if available, may involve restrictive covenants and could reduce our operational flexibility or profitability. If we cannot raise funds on acceptable terms, we may not be able to grow our business or respond to competitive pressures.
The combined business may be unable to integrate Bona Vida, Halo and TruPet’s businesses successfully and realize the anticipated benefits of the acquisitions.
Within the last eighteen (18) months, we completed three significant acquisitions that involved the combination of three businesses that historically have operated as independent companies. The success of the acquisitions will depend in large part on the success of the management of the combined business in integrating the operations, strategies, technologies and personnel of the companies. We may fail to realize some or all of the anticipated benefits of the acquisitions if the integration process takes longer than expected or is more costly than expected.
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Our failure to meet the challenges involved in successfully integrating the operations of Bona Vida, Halo or TruPet or to otherwise realize any of the anticipated benefits of the acquisitions could impair our operations. The combined business will be required to devote management attention and resources to integrating Bona Vida's, Halo's and TruPet's business practices and operations.
Potential issues and difficulties the combined business may encounter in the integration process include the following:
the inability to integrate the respective businesses of Bona Vida, Halo and TruPet in a manner that permits the combined business to achieve the synergies anticipated to result from the acquisitions, which could result in the anticipated benefits of the acquisitions not being realized partly or wholly in the time frame currently anticipated or at all;
integrating personnel from the three companies while maintaining focus on safety and providing consistent, high quality products and customer service; and
performance shortfalls at one or all of the companies as a result of the diversion of management's attention caused by the acquisitions and integrating the companies' operations.
We may seek to grow our business through acquisitions of or investments in new or complementary businesses, facilities, technologies or products, or through strategic alliances, and the failure to manage acquisitions, investments or strategic alliances, or the failure to integrate them with our existing business, could have a material adverse effect on us.
From time to time we expect to consider opportunities to acquire or make investments in new or complementary businesses, facilities, technologies or products, or enter into strategic alliances, that may enhance our capabilities, expand our network, complement our current products or expand the breadth of our markets. Potential and completed acquisitions and investments and other strategic alliances involve numerous risks, including:
problems integrating the purchased business, facilities, technologies or products;
issues maintaining uniform standards, procedures, controls and policies;
assumed liabilities, including for compliance issues prior to the time we will enter into a transaction with such party;
unanticipated costs associated with acquisitions, investments or strategic alliances;
diversion of management's attention from our existing business;
adverse effects on existing business relationships with suppliers, third-party contract manufacturers, and retail customers;
risks associated with entering new markets in which we have limited or no experience;
potential write-offs of acquired assets and/or an impairment of any goodwill recorded as a result of an acquisition;
potential loss of key employees of acquired businesses; and
increased legal and accounting compliance costs.
We do not know if we will be able to identify acquisitions or strategic relationships we deem suitable, whether we will be able to successfully complete any such transactions on favorable terms or at all or whether we will be able to successfully integrate any acquired business, facilities, technologies or products into our business or retain any key personnel, suppliers or customers. Our ability to successfully grow through strategic transactions depends upon our ability to identify, negotiate, complete and integrate suitable target businesses, facilities, technologies and products and to obtain any necessary financing. These efforts could be expensive and time-consuming and may disrupt our ongoing business and prevent management from focusing on our operations. If we are unable to integrate any acquired businesses, facilities, technologies and products effectively, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
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We are a holding company and rely on payments, advances and transfers of funds from our subsidiaries to meet our obligations and pay any dividends.
We have limited direct operations and significant assets other than ownership of 100% of the capital stock of our subsidiaries. Because we primarily conduct our operations through our subsidiaries, we depend on those entities for payments to generate the funds necessary to meet our financial obligations, and to pay any dividends with respect to our common stock. Legal and contractual restrictions in our subordinated convertible notes, short term loan, and revolving line of credit agreement and other agreements that may govern future indebtedness of our subsidiaries, as well as the financial condition and operating requirements of our subsidiaries, may limit our ability to obtain cash from our subsidiaries. The earnings from, or other available assets of, our subsidiaries might not be sufficient to make distributions or loans to enable us to meet certain of our obligations. Any of the foregoing could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. See “Dividend Policy.”
If we do not successfully develop additional products and services, or if such products and services are developed but not successfully commercialized, we could lose revenue opportunities.
Our future success will depend, in part, on our ability to develop and market new products and improvements to our existing products, including those that we may develop through partnerships, strategic relationships or licensing arrangements. We are always assessing and identifying new opportunities to provide additional products and related services to our customers. The process of identifying and commercializing new products is complex, uncertain and may involve considerable costs, and if we fail to accurately predict customers' changing needs and preferences, our business could be harmed. The success of our innovation and product development efforts is affected by the technical capability of our product development staff, the ability to establish new supplier relationships and third-party consultants in developing and testing new products, including complying with governmental regulations, our attractiveness as a partner for outside research and development scientists and entrepreneurs and the success of our management and sales team in introducing and marketing new products. We have already and may have to continue to commit significant resources to commercializing new products before knowing whether our investments will result in products the market will accept. Implementation of these plans may also divert management's attention from other aspects of our business and place a strain on management, operational and financial resources, as well as our information systems. Launching new products or updating existing products may also leave us with obsolete inventory that we may not be able to sell or we may sell at significantly discounted prices. Furthermore, we may not execute successfully on commercializing those products because of errors in product planning or timing, technical hurdles that we fail to overcome in a timely fashion, or a lack of appropriate resources. This could result in competitors providing those solutions before we do and a reduction in net sales and earnings.
The success of new products will depend on several factors, including proper new product definition, timely completion and introduction of these products, differentiation of new products from those of our competitors, the possibility of increased competition with our current products, unrecovered costs associated with failed product introductions and market acceptance of these products. There can be no assurance that we will successfully identify additional new product opportunities, develop and bring new products to market in a timely manner, or achieve market acceptance of our products or that products and technologies developed by others will not render our products or technologies obsolete or non-competitive. Furthermore, the timing and cost of our research and development initiatives may increase as a result of additional government regulation or otherwise, making it more time-consuming and/or costly to research, test and develop new products. If we are unable to successfully develop or otherwise acquire new products, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially adversely affected.
Because we are engaged in a highly competitive business, if we are unable to compete effectively, our results of operations could be adversely affected.
The pet health and wellness industry is highly competitive. We compete on the basis of product and ingredient quality, product availability, palatability, brand awareness, loyalty and trust, product variety and innovation, product packaging and design, reputation, price and convenience and promotional efforts. The pet products and services retail industry has become increasingly competitive due to the expansion of pet-related product offerings by certain supermarkets, warehouse clubs, and other mass and general retail and online merchandisers and the entrance of other specialty retailers into the pet food and pet supply market. For example, General Mills, one of the largest mass market consumer goods companies, acquired Blue Buffalo in April 2018, signaling a shift toward the food, drug, and mass channel and away from specialty pet supply stores. In addition, in May 2018, Amazon launched its own pet products brand and announced its intention to continue to expand its online offering of pet supplies.
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We face direct competition from companies that sell various pet health and wellness products at a lower price point and distribute such products to traditional retailers, which are larger than we are and have greater financial resources. Price gaps between products may result in market share erosion and harm our business. Our current and potential competitors may also establish cooperative or strategic relationships amongst themselves or with third parties that may further enhance their resources and offerings. Further, it is possible that domestic or foreign companies, some with greater experience in the pet health and wellness industry or greater financial resources than we possess, will seek to provide products or services that compete directly or indirectly with ours in the future.
Many of our current competitors have, and potential competitors may have, longer operating histories, greater brand recognition, larger fulfillment infrastructures, greater technical capabilities, significantly greater financial, marketing and other resources and larger customer bases than we do. These factors may allow our competitors to derive greater net sales and profits from their existing customer base, acquire customers at lower costs or respond more quickly than we can to new or emerging technologies and changes in consumer preferences or habits. These competitors may engage in more extensive research and development efforts, undertake more far reaching marketing campaigns and adopt more aggressive pricing policies (including but not limited to predatory pricing policies and the provision of substantial discounts), which may allow them to build larger customer bases or generate net sales from their customer bases more effectively than we do.
Our competitors may be able to identify and adapt to changes in consumer preferences more quickly than us due to their resources and scale. They may also be more successful in marketing and selling their products, better able to increase prices to reflect cost pressures and better able to increase their promotional activity, which may impact us and the entire pet health and wellness industry. Increased competition as to any of our products could result in price reduction, increased costs, reduced margins and loss of market share, which could negatively affect our profitability. While we believe we are better equipped to customize products for the pet health and wellness market generally and CBD products more specifically as compared to other companies in the industry, there can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully compete against these other companies. Expansion into markets served by our competitors and entry of new competitors or expansion of existing competitors into our markets could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
If we fail to attract new customers, or retain existing customers, or fail to do either in a cost-effective manner, we may not be able to increase sales.
Our success depends, in part, on our ability to attract new, and retain existing, customers in a cost-effective manner. We have made, and we expect that we will continue to make, significant investments in attracting and retaining customers. Marketing campaigns can be expensive and may not result in the cost-effective acquisition, or retention, of customers. Further, as our brand becomes more widely known, future marketing campaigns may not attract new or retain customers at the same rate as past campaigns. If we are unable to attract new customers, and retain existing customers, our business will be harmed.
Our estimate of the size of our addressable market may prove to be inaccurate.
Data for retail sales of pet products is collected for most, but not all channels, and as a result, it is difficult to estimate the size of the market and predict the rate at which the market for our products will grow, if at all. While our market size estimate was made in good faith and is based on assumptions and estimates we believe to be reasonable, this estimate may not be accurate. If our estimates of the size of our addressable market are not accurate, our potential for future growth may be less than we currently anticipate, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We are vulnerable to fluctuations in the price and supply of ingredients, packaging materials, and freight.
The prices of the ingredients, packaging materials and freight are subject to fluctuations in price attributable to, among other things, changes in supply and demand of raw materials, or other commodities, fuel prices and government-sponsored agricultural programs. The sales prices to our DTC customers are a delivered price. Therefore, changes in our input costs could impact our gross margins. Our ability to pass along higher costs through price increases to our customers is dependent upon competitive conditions and pricing methodologies employed in the various markets in which we compete. To the extent competitors do not also increase their prices, customers and consumers may choose to purchase competing products or may shift purchases to lower-priced private label or other value offerings which may adversely affect our results of operations.
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We use significant quantities of food ingredients and other products as well as plastic packaging materials provided by third-party suppliers. We buy from a variety of producers and manufacturers, and alternate sources of supply are generally available. However, the supply and price are subject to market conditions and are influenced by other factors beyond our control, including the continued impact of COVID-19. See “Risk Factors Risks Related to Our Business and Industry—The COVID-19 pandemic could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition”. We do not have long-term contracts with many of our suppliers, and, as a result, they could increase prices or fail to deliver. The occurrence of any of the foregoing could increase our costs and disrupt our operations.
We may be subject to product liability claims or regulatory action if our products are alleged to have caused significant loss or injury.
We may be subject to product liability claims, regulatory action and litigation if our products are alleged to have caused loss or injury or failed to include adequate instructions for use or failed to include adequate warnings concerning possible side effects or interactions with other substances. Previously unknown adverse reactions resulting from animal consumption of CBD products alone or in combination with other medications or substances could also occur. In addition, the sale of any ingested product involves a risk of injury due to tampering by unauthorized third parties or product contamination. Our products may also be subject to product recalls, including voluntary recalls or withdrawals, if they are alleged to pose a risk of injury or illness, or if they are alleged to have been mislabeled, misbranded or adulterated or to otherwise be in violation of governmental regulations. We have in the past recalled, and may again in the future have to recall, certain of our products as a result of potential contamination and quality assurance concerns. A product liability claim or regulatory action against us could result in increased costs and could adversely affect our reputation and goodwill with our patients and consumers generally. There can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain product liability insurance on acceptable terms or with adequate coverage against potential liabilities. Such insurance is expensive and may not be available in the future on acceptable terms, or at all. The inability to obtain sufficient insurance coverage on reasonable terms or to otherwise protect against potential product liability claims could result in us becoming subject to significant liabilities that are uninsured and also could adversely affect our commercial arrangements with third parties.
We plan to expand our business and operations into jurisdictions outside of the current jurisdictions where we conduct business, and there are risks associated with doing so.
We plan in the future to expand our operations and business into jurisdictions outside of the jurisdictions where we currently carry on business. There can be no assurance that any market for our products will develop in any such foreign jurisdiction. We may face new or unexpected risks or significantly increase our exposure to one or more existing risk factors, including economic instability, new competition, changes in laws and regulations, including the possibility that we could be in violation of these laws and regulations as a result of such changes, and the effects of competition. These factors may limit our capability to successfully expand our operations in, or export our products to, those other jurisdictions.
We may not be able to manage our manufacturing and supply chain effectively, which may adversely affect our results of operations.
We must accurately forecast demand for all of our products in order to ensure that we have enough products available to meet the needs of our customers. Our forecasts are based on multiple assumptions that may cause our estimates to be inaccurate and affect our ability to obtain adequate third-party contract manufacturing capacity in order to meet the demand for our products, which could prevent us from meeting increased customer demand and harm our brand and our business. If we do not accurately align our manufacturing capabilities with demand, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially adversely affected.
In the past, we have relied on a single supplier, GenCanna, for all of our supply of CBD. However, in light of GenCanna's filing for bankruptcy in February 2020, we intend to utilize spot purchase contracts with other suppliers of CBD as necessary. We may encounter difficulties in finding substitute suppliers in a timely manner, if at all, given the strict licensing requirements in this industry and there are a limited number of suppliers that currently hold such licenses and comply with the 2014 Farm Bill or 2018 Farm Bill, as applicable in their respective states. If a sole source supplier were to be acquired by a competitor, the competitor may elect not to sell to us at all. If for any reason we were to change any one of our third-party contract manufacturers, we could face difficulties that might adversely
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affect our ability to maintain an adequate supply of our products, and we would incur costs and expend resources in the course of making the change. Moreover, we might not be able to obtain terms as favorable as those received from our current third-party contract manufacturers, which in turn would increase our costs.
In addition, we must continuously monitor our inventory and product mix against forecasted demand. If we underestimate demand, we risk having inadequate supplies. We also face the risk of having too much inventory on hand that may reach its expiration date and become unsalable, and we may be forced to rely on markdowns or promotional sales to dispose of excess or slow-moving inventory. If we are unable to manage our supply chain effectively, our operating costs could increase and our profit margins could decrease.
Interruption in our sourcing operations could disrupt production, shipment or receipt of our merchandise, which would result in lost sales and could increase our costs.
We do not own or operate any manufacturing facilities and therefore depend upon independent third-party contract manufacturers for the manufacture of all of our products. Our products are manufactured to our specifications by factories within the United States and New Zealand. We cannot control all of the various factors, which include inclement weather; natural disasters, such as earthquakes, hurricanes, tornadoes, floods and other adverse weather and climate conditions; political and financial instability; strikes; unforeseen public health crises, such as pandemics and epidemics such as the COVID-19 pandemic; acts of war or terrorism and other catastrophic events, whether occurring in the United States or internationally, that might affect a manufacturer's ability to ship orders of our products to customers from or to the impacted region in a timely manner or to meet our quality standards.
We also receive and warehouse a portion of our inventory in Tampa, Florida, a city that is particularly vulnerable to hurricanes, floods, tornadoes and sinkholes. If any such disaster were to impact this facility, our operations would be materially disrupted. Inadequate labor conditions, health or safety issues in the factories where goods are produced can negatively impact our brand reputation. Late delivery of products or delivery of products that do not meet our quality standards could cause us to miss the delivery date requirements of our customers or delay timely delivery of merchandise to our stores or our wholesale customers for those items. From time to time, a third-party contract manufacturer may experience financial difficulties, bankruptcy or other business disruptions, which could disrupt our supply of products or require that we incur additional expense by providing financial accommodations to the third-party contract manufacturer or taking other steps to seek to minimize or avoid supply disruption, such as establishing a new third-party contract manufacturing arrangement with another provider. These events could cause us to fail to meet customer expectations, cause our DTC or Retail customers to cancel orders or cause us to be unable to deliver merchandise in sufficient quantities or of sufficient quality to our DTC or Retail customers, which could result in lost sales and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Further, we may be unable to locate an additional or alternate third-party contract manufacturing arrangement in a timely manner or on commercially reasonable terms, if at all. Identifying a suitable manufacturer is an involved process that requires us to become satisfied with the prospective manufacturer's level of expertise, quality control, responsiveness and service, financial stability and labor practices. Any delay, interruption or increased cost in the proprietary value-branded products that might occur for any reason could affect our ability to meet customer demand for our products, adversely affect our net sales, increase our cost of sales and hurt our results of operations. In addition, manufacturing disruption could injure our reputation and customer relationships, thereby harming our business.
We are reliant on key inputs and changes in their costs could negatively impact our profitability.
Our business is dependent on a number of key inputs and their related costs including raw materials and supplies related to product development and manufacturing operations. Any significant interruption or negative change in the availability or economics of the supply chain for key inputs could materially impact our business, financial condition, results of operations or prospects. Some of these inputs may only be available from a single supplier or a limited group of suppliers. If a sole source supplier was to go out of business, we might be unable to find a replacement for such source in a timely manner or at all. If a sole source supplier were to be acquired by a competitor, that competitor may elect not to sell to us in the future. Any inability to secure required supplies and services or to do so on appropriate terms could have a materially adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations or prospects.
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If the ingredients used in our products are contaminated, alleged to be contaminated or are otherwise rumored to have adverse effects, our results of operations could be adversely affected.
We buy ingredients from a variety of third-party suppliers. If these materials are alleged or prove to include contaminants that affect the safety or quality of our products or are otherwise rumored to have adverse effects, for any reason, we may sustain the costs of and possible litigation resulting from a product recall and need to find alternate ingredients, delay production, or discard or otherwise dispose of products, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, if any of our competitors experience similar events, our reputation could be damaged, including as a result of a loss of consumer confidence in the types of products we sell.
Although we insure on an economically reasonable basis against product recalls and product contamination, our insurance may not be adequate to cover all liabilities that we may incur in connection with product liability claims, including among others, that the products we sell caused injury or illness, include inadequate instructions for use or include inadequate warnings concerning possible side effects or interactions with other substances. For example, punitive damages are generally not covered by insurance. If we are subject to substantial product liability claims in the future, we may not be able to continue to maintain our existing insurance, obtain comparable insurance at a reasonable cost, if at all, or secure additional coverage. This could result in future product liability claims being uninsured. If there is a product liability judgment against us or a settlement agreement related to a product liability claim, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially adversely affected. In addition, even if product liability claims against us are not successful or are not fully pursued, these claims could be costly and time-consuming and may require management to spend time defending claims rather than operating our business.
If any of our independent transportation providers experience delays or disruptions, our business could be adversely affected.
We currently rely on independent transportation service providers both to ship raw materials and products to our manufacturing and distribution warehouses from our third-party suppliers and third-party contract manufacturers and to ship products from our manufacturing and distribution warehouses to our customers. Our utilization of these delivery services, or those of any other shipping companies that we may elect to use, is subject to risks, including increases in fuel prices, which would increase our shipping costs, employee strikes, organized labor activities and inclement weather, which may impact the shipping company's ability to provide delivery services sufficient to meet our shipping needs. Furthermore, if we are not able to negotiate acceptable terms with these companies or they experience performance problems or other difficulties, it could negatively impact our operating results and customer experience. If any of the foregoing occurs, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially adversely affected.
Any damage to our reputation or our brands may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Maintaining, developing and expanding our reputation with our customers and our suppliers is critical to our success. Our brand may suffer if our marketing plans or product initiatives are not successful. The importance of our brand may decrease if competitors offer more products similar to the products that we manufacture. Further, our brands may be negatively impacted due to real or perceived quality issues or if consumers perceive us as being untruthful in our marketing and advertising, even if such perceptions are not accurate. Product contamination, the failure to maintain high standards for product quality, safety and integrity, including raw materials and ingredients obtained from suppliers, or allegations of product quality issues, mislabeling or contamination, even if untrue or caused by our third-party contract manufacturing partners or raw material suppliers, may reduce demand for our products or cause production and delivery disruptions. However, we may be unable to detect or prevent product and/or ingredient quality issues, mislabeling or contamination, particularly in instances of fraud or attempts to cover up or obscure deviations from our guidelines and procedures. If any of our products become unfit for consumption, cause injury or are mislabeled, we may have to engage in a product recall and/or be subject to liability. Damage to our reputation or our brands or loss of consumer confidence in our products for any of these or other reasons could result in decreased demand for our products and our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially adversely affected. In addition, if any of our competitors experience similar events, our reputation could be damaged, including as a result of a loss of consumer confidence in the types of products we sell.
Further, our corporate reputation is susceptible to damage by actions or statements made by current or former employees, competitors, vendors, adversaries in legal proceedings and government regulators, as well as members
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of the investment community and the media. There is a risk that negative information about our company, even if based on false rumor or misunderstanding, could adversely affect our business, results of operations, and financial condition. In particular, damage to our reputation could be difficult and time-consuming to repair, could make potential or existing Retail customers reluctant to select us for new engagements, resulting in a loss of business, and could adversely affect our recruitment and retention efforts.
Our business depends, in part, on the sufficiency and effectiveness of our marketing and trade promotion programs and incentives.
Due to the competitive nature of our industry, we must effectively and efficiently promote and market our products through advertisements as well as through trade promotions and incentives to sustain and improve our competitive position in our market. Marketing investments may be costly. In addition, we may, from time to time, change our marketing strategies and spending, including the timing or nature of our trade promotions and incentives. We may also change our marketing strategies and spending in response to actions by our customers, competitors and other companies that manufacture and/or distribute pet health and wellness products. The sufficiency and effectiveness of our marketing and trade promotions and incentives are important to our ability to retain and improve our market share and margins. If our marketing and trade promotions and incentives are not successful or if we fail to implement sufficient and effective marketing and trade promotions and incentives or adequately respond to changes in industry marketing strategies, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected.
If we are unable to achieve desired results from, or maintain our advertising and marketing arrangements with certain third-party advertising or marketing providers to generate customers, our ability to generate revenue and our business could be adversely affected.
We have entered into multiple advertising and marketing arrangements with certain advertising and marketing providers that are designed to increase traffic to our application on the Facebook platform. Our ability to attract new customers and retain existing customers is based in part on our ability to generate increased traffic or better retention rates through these user acquisition campaigns. In addition, we may lack the ability to control the advertisements and actions that are taken by these providers on the Facebook platform.
If we are unable to enter into such arrangements on favorable terms, are unable to achieve the desired results under these arrangements and programs, are unable to maintain these relationships, fail to generate sufficient traffic or generate sufficient revenue from purchases pursuant to these arrangements and programs, or properly manage the actions of these providers, our ability to generate revenue and our ability to attract and retain our customers may be impacted, negatively affecting our business and results of operations. In addition, if Facebook restricts our ability to use such arrangements and programs or takes limits or restricts access to its platform by us or our applications as a result of advertisements or actions taken by third-party advertising or marketing providers, it could have a material adverse effect on our business or results of operations.
Our intellectual property rights may be inadequate to protect our business.
We attempt to protect our intellectual property rights, both in the United States and in foreign countries, through a combination of patent, trademark, copyright and trade secret laws, as well as licensing agreements and third-party nondisclosure and assignment agreements. Because of the differences in foreign trademark, patent and other laws concerning proprietary rights, our intellectual property rights may not receive the same degree of protection in foreign countries as they would in the United States. Our failure to obtain or maintain adequate protection of our intellectual property rights for any reason could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
We also rely on unpatented proprietary technology. It is possible that others will independently develop the same or similar technology or otherwise obtain access to our unpatented technology. To protect our trade secrets and other proprietary information, we require employees, consultants, advisors and collaborators to enter into confidentiality agreements. We cannot assure you that these agreements will provide meaningful protection for our trade secrets, know-how or other proprietary information in the event of any unauthorized use, misappropriation or disclosure of such trade secrets, know-how or other proprietary information. If we are unable to maintain the proprietary nature of our technologies, we could be materially adversely affected.
We rely on our trademarks, trade names, and brand names to distinguish our products from the products of our competitors, and have registered or applied to register many of these trademarks. We cannot assure you that our
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trademark applications will be approved. Third parties may also oppose our trademark applications, or otherwise challenge our use of the trademarks. In the event that our trademarks are successfully challenged, we could be forced to rebrand our products, which could result in loss of brand recognition, and could require us to devote resources advertising and marketing new brands. Further, we cannot assure you that competitors will not infringe our trademarks, or that we will have adequate resources to enforce our trademarks.
If third parties claim that we infringe upon their intellectual property rights, our business and results of operations could be adversely affected.
We face the risk of claims that we have infringed third parties’ intellectual property rights. Any claims of intellectual property infringement, even those without merit, could be expensive and time consuming to defend; could require us to cease selling the products that incorporate the challenged intellectual property, could require us to redesign, reengineer, or rebrand the product, if feasible, could divert management’s attention and resources, or could require us to enter into royalty or licensing agreements in order to obtain the right to use a third party’s intellectual property.
Any royalty or licensing agreements, if required, may not be available to us on acceptable terms or at all. A successful claim of infringement against us could result in our being required to pay significant damages, enter into costly license or royalty agreements, or stop the sale of certain products, any of which could have a negative impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and our future prospects.
We depend on the knowledge and skills of our senior management and other key employees, and if we are unable to retain and motivate them or recruit additional qualified personnel, our business may suffer.
We have benefited substantially from the leadership and performance of our senior management, as well as other key employees. Our success will depend on our ability to retain our current management and key employees, and to attract and retain qualified personnel in the future, and we cannot guarantee that we will be able to retain our personnel or attract new, qualified personnel. In addition, we do not maintain any “key person” life insurance policies. The loss of the services of members of our senior management or key employees could prevent or delay the implementation and completion of our strategic objectives, or divert management’s attention to seeking qualified replacements.
Failure to comply with the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, other applicable anti-corruption and anti-bribery laws, and applicable trade control laws could subject us to penalties and other adverse consequences.
We operate our business in part outside of the United States. Our operations are subject to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (the “FCPA”), as well as the anti-corruption and anti-bribery laws in the countries where we do business. The FCPA prohibits covered parties from offering, promising, authorizing or giving anything of value, directly or indirectly, to a “foreign government official” with the intent of improperly influencing the official’s act or decision, inducing the official to act or refrain from acting in violation of lawful duty, or obtaining or retaining an improper business advantage. The FCPA also requires publicly traded companies to maintain records that accurately and fairly represent their transactions, and to have an adequate system of internal accounting controls. In addition, other applicable anti-corruption laws prohibit bribery of domestic government officials, and some laws that may apply to our operations prohibit commercial bribery, including giving or receiving improper payments to or from non-government parties, as well as so-called “facilitation” payments. In addition, we are subject to U.S. and other applicable trade control regulations that restrict with whom we may transact business, including the trade sanctions enforced by the U.S. Treasury, Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”). We also plan to expand our operations outside of the United States in the future and our risks related to the FCPA will increase as we grow our international presence.
We are in the process of implementing policies, internal controls and other measures reasonably designed to promote compliance with applicable anticorruption and anti-bribery laws and regulations, and certain safeguards designed to ensure compliance with U.S. trade control laws, our employees or agents may engage in improper conduct for which we might be held responsible. Any violations of these anti-corruption or trade controls laws, or even allegations of such violations, can lead to an investigation and/or enforcement action, which could disrupt our operations, involve significant management distraction, and lead to significant costs and expenses, including legal fees. If we, or our employees or agents acting on our behalf, are found to have engaged in practices that violate these laws and regulations, we could suffer severe fines and penalties, profit disgorgement, injunctions on future conduct, securities litigation, bans on transacting government business, delisting from securities exchanges and other consequences that may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, our brand and reputation, our sales activities or our stock price could be adversely affected if we become the subject of
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any negative publicity related to actual or potential violations of anti-corruption, anti-bribery or trade control laws and regulations.
A failure of one or more key information technology systems, networks or processes may materially adversely affect our ability to conduct our business.
The efficient operation of our business depends on our information technology systems. We rely on our information technology systems to effectively manage our sales and marketing, accounting and financial and legal and compliance functions, engineering and product development tasks, research and development data, communications, supply chain, order entry and fulfillment and other business processes. We also rely on third parties and virtualized infrastructure to operate and support our information technology systems. The failure of our information technology systems, or those of our third-party service providers, to perform as we anticipate could disrupt our business and could result in transaction errors, processing inefficiencies and the loss of sales and customers, causing our business and results of operations to suffer.
In addition, our information technology systems may be vulnerable to damage or interruption from circumstances beyond our control, including fire, natural disasters, power outages, systems failures, security breaches, cyber-attacks and computer viruses. The failure of our information technology systems to perform as a result of any of these factors or our failure to effectively restore our systems or implement new systems could disrupt our entire operation and could result in decreased sales, increased overhead costs, excess inventory and product shortages and a loss of important information.
Further, it is critically important for us to maintain the confidentiality and integrity of our information technology systems. To the extent that we have information in our databases that our customers consider confidential or sensitive, any unauthorized disclosure of, or access to, such information due to human error, breach of our systems through cybercrime, a leak of confidential information due to employee misconduct or similar events could result in a violation of applicable data privacy and security, data protection, and consumer protection laws and regulations, legal and financial exposure, damage to our reputation, a loss of confidence of our customers, suppliers and manufacturers and lost sales. Actual or suspected cyber-attacks may cause us to incur substantial costs, including costs to investigate, deploy additional personnel and protection technologies, train employees and engage third-party experts and consultants. We have taken steps to protect the security of our systems. Despite the implementation of these security measures, our systems may still be vulnerable to physical break-ins, computer viruses, programming errors, attacks by third parties or similar disruptive problems. If any of these risks materialize, our reputation and our ability to conduct our business may be materially adversely affected.
We rely heavily on third-party commerce platforms to conduct our businesses. If one of those platforms is compromised, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be harmed.
We currently rely upon third-party commerce platforms, including Shopify. We also rely on e-mail service providers, bandwidth providers, Internet service providers and mobile networks to deliver e-mail and “push” communications to customers and to allow customers to access our website.
Any damage to, or failure of, our systems or the systems of our third-party commerce platform providers could result in interruptions to the availability or functionality of our website and mobile applications. As a result, we could lose customer data and miss order fulfillment deadlines, which could result in decreased sales, increased overhead costs, excess inventory and product shortages. If for any reason our arrangements with our third-party commerce platform providers are terminated or interrupted, such termination or interruption could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. We exercise little control over these providers, which increases our vulnerability to problems with the services they provide. We could experience additional expense in arranging for new facilities, technology, services and support. In addition, the failure of our third-party commerce platform providers to meet our capacity requirements could result in interruption in the availability or functionality of our website and mobile applications.
Failure to comply with federal, state and foreign laws and regulations relating to data privacy and security, data protection and consumer protection, or the expansion of current or the enactment of new laws or regulations relating to data privacy and security, data protection and consumer protection, could adversely affect our business and our financial condition.
We receive, collect, store, process, transfer, and use personal information and other data relating to our customers, website visitors, employees, vendors’ and contractors’ employees, and other persons, and we rely in part on third
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parties that are not directly under our control to manage certain of these operations and to collect, store, process and use payment information. Due to the volume and sensitivity of the personal information and other data that we and these third parties manage and expect to manage in the future, as well as the nature of our customer base, the security features of our information systems are critical. A variety of federal, state and foreign laws and regulations govern the collection, use, retention, sharing and security of this information. Laws and regulations relating to data privacy and security, data protection and consumer protection are evolving and subject to potentially differing interpretations. Given the uncertainty and complexity of the regulatory framework for data privacy and security, data protection and consumer protection worldwide, there is the potential that these or other actual or alleged obligations may not be harmonized, may be interpreted and applied in a manner that is inconsistent from one jurisdiction to another, or may be interpreted and applied in such a way as to conflict with our other legal obligations or practices. In addition, we are also subject to certain contractual obligations to third parties related to data privacy and security and data protection. As a result, while we strive to comply with applicable laws and regulations, our applicable policies and contractual obligations, and all other applicable legal obligations relating to data privacy and security, data protection and consumer protection to the extent possible, our practices may not have complied or may not comply in the future with all such laws, regulations, requirements and obligations.
We expect that new industry standards, laws and regulations will continue to be proposed regarding data privacy and security, data protection and consumer protection in many jurisdictions. The California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018 (“CCPA”), which went into effect in 2020, created new data privacy rights for California residents and new compliance obligations and risks for us. We cannot yet determine the impact such new and future laws, regulations and standards may have on our business. Complying with these evolving obligations is costly. For instance, expanding definitions and interpretations of what constitutes “personal information” (or the equivalent) within the United States and elsewhere may increase our compliance costs and legal liability. A significant data breach or any failure, or perceived failure, by us to comply with any federal, state or foreign data privacy and security, data protection or consumer protection-related laws, regulations or other principles or orders to which we may be subject or other legal obligations relating to data privacy and security, data protection or consumer protection could adversely affect our reputation, brand and business, and may result in claims, investigations, proceedings or actions against us by governmental entities or others or other penalties or liabilities, or require us to change our operations and/or cease using certain data sets. Depending on the nature of the information compromised, we may also have obligations to notify users, other individuals, law enforcement, consumer protection agencies, payment companies, or other third party companies about the incident and may need to provide some form of remedy, such as refunds or services like identity theft protection, for the individuals affected by the incident.
We are subject to risks related to online payment methods.
We accept payments using a variety of methods, including credit cards and debit cards. As we offer new payment options to customers, we may be subject to additional regulations, compliance requirements and fraud. For certain payment methods, including credit and debit cards, we pay interchange and other fees, which may increase over time and raise our operating costs and lower profitability. We are also subject to payment card association operating rules, certification requirements, and security standards, including the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard and rules governing electronic funds transfers, which could change or be reinterpreted to make it difficult or impossible for us to comply. As our business changes, we may also be subject to different rules under existing standards, which may require new assessments that involve costs above what we currently pay for compliance. If we or our third-party payment processors or commerce platforms fail to comply with the rules or requirements of any provider of a payment method we accept, if the volume of fraud in our transactions limits or terminates our rights to use payment methods we currently accept, or if a data breach occurs relating to our payment systems, we may, among other things, be subject to fines or higher transaction fees and may lose, or face restrictions placed upon, our ability to accept credit card and debit card payments from customers or facilitate other types of online payments. If any of these events were to occur, our business, financial condition and operating results could be materially adversely affected. We occasionally receive orders placed with fraudulent credit card data. We may suffer losses as a result of orders placed with fraudulent credit card data even if the associated financial institution approved payment of the orders. Under current credit card practices, we may be liable for fraudulent credit card transactions. If we are unable to detect or control credit card fraud, our liability for these transactions could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.
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Significant merchandise returns or refunds could harm our business.
We allow our customers to return products or offer refunds, subject to our return and refunds policy. If merchandise returns or refunds are significant or higher than anticipated and forecasted, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected. Further, we modify our policies relating to returns or refunds from time to time, and may do so in the future, which may result in customer dissatisfaction and harm to our reputation or brand, or an increase in the number of product returns or the amount of refunds we make.
Premiums for our insurance coverage may not continue to be commercially justifiable, and our insurance coverage may have limitations and other exclusions and may not be sufficient to cover our potential liabilities.
We have insurance to protect our assets, operations and employees. While we believe our insurance coverage addresses all material risks to which we are exposed and is adequate and customary in our current state of operations, such insurance is subject to coverage limits and exclusions and may not be available for the risks and hazards to which we are exposed. No assurance can be given that such insurance will be adequate to cover our liabilities or will be generally available in the future or, if available, that premiums will be commercially justifiable. In addition, insurance that is otherwise readily available, such as general liability, and directors and officer’s insurance, may become more difficult for us to find, and more expensive, due to our CBD products. There are no guarantees that we will be able to find such insurances in the future, or that the cost will be affordable to us. If we are unable to obtain such insurances or if we were to incur substantial liability and such damages were not covered by insurance or were in excess of policy limits, we may be prevented from entering into certain business sectors, our growth may be inhibited, and we may be exposed to additional risk and financial liabilities, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition could be materially adversely affected.
To the extent our Retail customers purchase products in excess of consumer consumption in any period, our net sales in a subsequent period may be adversely affected as our Retail customers seek to reduce their inventory levels.
From time to time, our wholesale customers may purchase more products than they expect to sell to consumers during a particular time period. Our Retail customers may grow their inventory in anticipation of, or during, our promotional events, which typically provide for reduced prices during a specified time or other incentives. Our Retail customers may also increase inventory in anticipation of a price increase for our products, or otherwise over order our products as a result of overestimating demand for our products. If a Retail customer increases its inventory during a particular reporting period as a result of a promotional event, anticipated price increase or otherwise, then our net sales during the subsequent reporting period may be adversely impacted as our Retail customers seek to reduce their inventory to customary levels. This effect may be particularly pronounced when the promotional event, price increase or other event occurs near the end or beginning of a reporting period or when there are changes in the timing of a promotional event, price increase or similar event, as compared to the prior year. To the extent our Retail customers seek to reduce their usual or customary inventory levels or change their practices regarding purchases in excess of consumer consumption, our net sales and results of operations may be materially adversely affected in that or subsequent periods.
We may also voluntarily recall or withdraw products in order to protect our brand or reputation if we determine that they do not meet our standards, whether for quality, palatability, appearance or otherwise. If there is any future product recall or withdrawal, it could result in substantial and unexpected expenditures, destruction of product inventory, damage to our reputation and lost sales due to the unavailability of the product for a period of time, and our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially adversely affected. In addition, a product recall or withdrawal may require significant management attention and could result in enforcement action by regulatory authorities.
Adverse litigation judgments or settlements resulting from legal proceedings relating to our business operations could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
From time to time, we are subject to allegations, and may be party to legal claims and regulatory proceedings, relating to our business operations. Such allegations, claims and proceedings may be brought by third parties, including our customers, employees, governmental or regulatory bodies or competitors. Defending against such claims and proceedings, regardless of their merits or outcomes, is costly and time consuming and may divert management’s attention and personnel resources from our normal business operations, and the outcome of many of these claims and proceedings cannot be predicted. If any of these claims or proceedings were to be determined adversely to us, a
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judgment, a fine or a settlement involving a payment of a material sum of money were to occur, or injunctive relief were issued against us, our reputation could be affected and our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
There may be decreased spending on pets in a challenging economic climate.
The United States and other countries have experienced and continue to experience challenging economic conditions. Our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially adversely affected by a challenging economic climate, including adverse changes in interest rates, volatile commodity markets and inflation, contraction in the availability of credit in the market and reductions in consumer spending. In addition, a slow-down in the general economy or a shift in consumer preferences to less expensive products may result in reduced demand for our products which may affect our profitability. The keeping of pets and the purchase of pet-related products may constitute discretionary spending for some of our consumers and any material decline in the amount of consumer discretionary spending may reduce overall levels of pet ownership or spending on pets. As a result, a challenging economic climate may cause a decline in demand for our products which could be disproportionate as compared to competing pet food brands since our products command a price premium. If economic conditions result in decreased spending on pets and have a negative impact on our suppliers or distributors, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially adversely affected.
Our ability to utilize our net operating loss carryforwards may be limited.
Our ability to utilize our federal net operating loss carryforwards and federal tax credit may be limited under Section 382 of the Code as amended by the Tax Cut and Jobs Act (the “TCJA”) on December 22, 2017. The limitations apply if we experience an “ownership change” (generally defined as a greater than 50 percentage point change (by value) in the ownership of our equity by certain stockholders over a rolling three-year period). Similar provisions of state tax law may also apply. We have not assessed, including with respect to the December 19, 2019 acquisition of Halo, whether such an ownership change has previously occurred. If we have experienced an ownership change at any time since our formation, we may already be subject to limitations on our ability to utilize our existing net operating losses to offset taxable income. In addition, future changes in our stock ownership, which may be outside of our control, may trigger an ownership change and, consequently, the limitations under Section 382. As a result, if or when we earn net taxable income, our ability to use our pre-change net operating loss carryforwards to offset such taxable income may be subject to limitations, which could adversely affect our future cash flows.
Risks Related to the Regulation of Our Business and Products
We and our third-party contract manufacturers and suppliers are subject to extensive governmental regulation and may be subject to enforcement if we are not in compliance with applicable requirements.
We and our third-party contract manufacturers and suppliers are subject to a broad range of federal, state and local laws and regulations governing, among other things, the testing, development, manufacture, distribution, marketing and post-market reporting of animal foods, including those that contain CBD. These include laws administered by the FDA, the FTC, the USDA, and other federal, state and local regulatory authorities.
Because we market food, supplements and other products that are regulated as food and cosmetic care products for animals, we and the companies that manufacture our products are subject to the requirements of the FDCA and regulations promulgated thereunder by the FDA. The statute and regulations govern, among other things, the manufacturing, composition, ingredients, packaging, labeling and safety of food for animals. The FDA requires that facilities that manufacture animal food products comply with a range of requirements, including hazard analysis and preventative controls regulations, cGMPs and supplier verification requirements. Processing facilities, including those of our third-party contract manufacturers and suppliers, are subject to periodic inspection by federal, state and local authorities. If our third-party contract manufacturers cannot successfully manufacture products that conform to our specifications and the strict regulatory requirements of the FDA and applicable state and local laws, they may be subject to adverse inspectional findings or enforcement actions, which could materially impact our ability to market our products, could result in their inability to continue manufacturing for us or could result in a recall of our products that have already been distributed. If the FDA or other regulatory authority determines that we or they have not complied with the applicable regulatory requirements, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially adversely impacted. If we do not comply with labeling requirements, including making unlawful claims about our products, we could be subject to public warning letters and possible further enforcement (which other companies distributing CBD products have faced).
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In addition, we currently market and plan to market our products with claims regarding the functional benefits of our products for pets, including that our products are intended to support the immune system, promote healthy skin, support healthy heart function, promote calmness and relaxation, support joint function, promote healthy bones and other similar claims. While we believe that such claims are permissible claims for animal foods and supplements and that our packaging is in compliance with the FDA’s requirements, the FDA and other regulatory authorities may consider such claims to suggest that our products are intended to treat, cure, or prevent a disease, thereby potentially meeting the statutory definition of a “drug,” and the FDA has issued warning letters to companies for improper marketing of CBD products on this basis. In addition, the FTC has issued warning letters to companies for failing to properly substantiate their CBD product claims, which constitutes false advertising. For these and other reasons, the FDA, FTC and other regulatory authorities may consider our products to be new animal drugs without adequate substantiation or approval for our claims, which could lead to statutory and regulatory violations, enforcement actions and product recalls.
Failure by us or our third-party contract manufacturers and suppliers to comply with applicable laws and regulations or to obtain and maintain necessary permits, licenses and registrations relating to our or our partners’ operations could subject us to administrative and civil penalties, including fines, injunctions, recalls or seizures, warning letters, restrictions on the marketing or manufacturing of our products, or refusals to permit the import or export of products, as well as potential criminal sanctions, which could result in increased operating costs resulting in a material effect on our operating results and business. See “Business—Government Regulation.”
The FDA has stated that it interprets the FDCA to prohibit the sale of food products, including animal foods and supplements, that contain CBD. The FDA is currently evaluating a potential regulatory pathway for CBD products pursuant to its current authorities, but unless and until such changes are promulgated, the FDA and other federal and state regulatory authorities could take enforcement action to prevent us from marketing pet food, products and supplements with CBD, which could adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations or cause us to halt product sales altogether.
Although hemp and CBD are no longer controlled substances subject to regulation by the DEA, the FDA has stated publicly that it is nonetheless unlawful under the FDCA to introduce animal food, which includes products intended for animals labeled as food, treats, or supplements, containing CBD into interstate commerce. The FDCA prohibits the introduction or delivery for introduction into interstate commerce of any food that contains an approved drug or a drug for which substantial clinical investigations have been instituted and made public, unless a statutory exemption applies. The FDA has publicly stated its conclusion that none of the statutory exceptions has been met for CBD. See “Business-Government Regulation-FDA Regulation of Animal Foods.”
On May 31, 2019, the FDA held a public hearing to obtain scientific data and information about the safety, manufacturing, product quality, marketing, labeling and sale of products containing cannabis or cannabis-derived compounds (such as CBD) to provide the FDA with information as it considers policy options related to the regulation of these products, particularly in light of the changes to the legal status of hemp enacted in the 2018 Farm Bill. The FDA has also formed an internal working group to evaluate the potential pathways to market for CBD products, which could include seeking statutory changes from Congress or promulgating new regulations. If legislative action is necessary, such legislative changes could take years to finalize and may not include provisions that would enable us to produce, market and/or sell our CBD products, and FDA could similarly take years to promulgate new regulations. Additionally, while the agency’s enforcement focus to date has primarily been on CBD products that are associated with therapeutic claims, the agency has recently issued warning letters to companies marketing CBD products without such claims, and there is a risk that FDA could take enforcement action against us, our third-party contract manufacturers or suppliers, or those marketing similar products to us, which could limit or prevent us from marketing our products and have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations. While the FDA announced on March 5, 2020 that it is currently evaluating a risk-based enforcement policy for CBD to provide more clarity to industry and the public while the agency takes potential steps to establish a clear regulatory pathway, it remains unclear whether or when FDA will ultimately issue such an enforcement policy.
Moreover, local, state, federal, and international CBD, hemp and cannabis laws and regulations are rapidly changing and subject to evolving interpretations, which could require us to incur substantial costs associated with compliance requirements or alteration of certain aspects of our business plan in the event that our CBD products become subject to new restrictions. In addition, violations of these laws, or allegations of such violations, could disrupt our business and result in a material adverse effect on our operations. It is also possible that regulations may be enacted in the
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future that will be directly applicable to our products. We cannot predict the nature of any future laws, regulations, interpretations, or applications, nor can we determine what effect additional governmental regulations or administrative policies and procedures, when and if promulgated, could have on our activities in the hemp and CBD industry. The constant evolution of laws and regulations may require us to incur substantial costs associated with legal and compliance fees and ultimately require us to alter our business plan.
Certain of our products contain CBD derived from hemp. The 2018 Farm Bill enacted a number of changes to the legal status of hemp and hemp products, including removal from the statutory list of controlled substances. However, implementation of the 2018 Farm Bill is ongoing, and there is still significant uncertainty regarding the legal status of hemp and hemp-based products under U.S. law.
Our products that contain CBD are subject to various state and federal laws regarding the production and sale of hemp-based products. Historically, the DEA has interpreted CBD to be subject to the CSA under the definition for “marihuana,” a Schedule I controlled substance. However, the 2018 Farm Bill removed “hemp,” from the definition of “marihuana.” “Hemp” is defined as the plant Cannabis sativa L. and any part of that plant, including the seeds thereof and all derivatives, extracts, cannabinoids, isomers, acids, salts, and salts of isomers, whether growing or not, with a THC concentration of not more than 0.3 percent on a dry weight basis. As a result of the enactment of the 2018 Farm Bill, and since we believe that the CBD contained in our products and the hemp from which it is derived meet the definition of “hemp,” we believe that our CBD products and the hemp from which they are derived are not Schedule I controlled substances under the CSA. However, there is a risk that we could be subject to enforcement action, including prosecution, if any of our products are determined to not meet the definition of “hemp” and to constitute “marihuana” under the CSA based on THC levels or other violations, which would have a negative impact on our business and operations.
In addition, the 2018 Farm Bill contained provisions that require the USDA to, among other things, promulgate a new regulatory framework governing the growth and cultivation of hemp, where hemp grown in compliance with the framework would be permitted in interstate commerce throughout the United States. On October 31, 2019, the USDA issued an IFR establishing the regulations necessary for domestic hemp production, including provisions for the USDA to approve plans submitted by states and Indian tribes for the monitoring and regulation of hemp production at the state level. While the 2018 Farm Bill requires state and tribal plans to meet certain basic requirements as outlined in the IFR, nothing preempts or limits state or tribal laws that are more stringent than the 2018 Farm Bill, and the requirements for lawful hemp production will vary from state to state. We and our third-party contract manufacturers and suppliers must expend resources monitoring the evolving federal and state legal landscape for hemp production, and any, violations of these laws, or alleged violations, could disrupt our business and result in a material adverse effect on our operations.
Our products may be subject to recalls for a variety of reasons, which could require us to expend significant management and capital resources.
Manufacturers and distributors of products are sometimes subject to the recall or return of their products for a variety of reasons, including product defects, such as contamination, adulteration, unintended harmful side effects or interactions with other substances, packaging safety and inadequate or inaccurate labeling disclosure. Although we have detailed procedures in place for testing finished products, there can be no assurance that any quality, potency or contamination problems will be detected in time to avoid unforeseen product recalls, regulatory action or lawsuits, whether frivolous or otherwise. If any of the animal food or care products produced by us are recalled due to an alleged product defect or for any other reason, we could be required to incur the unexpected expense of the recall and any legal proceedings that might arise in connection with the recall. We had to issue a recall in 2018 for one of our products after a single retail sample collected by the Michigan Department of Agriculture tested positive for Salmonella. Although customers reported no incidents of injury or illness in association with this product, the recall negatively affected our results. As a result of any such recall, we may lose a significant amount of sales and may not be able to replace those sales at an acceptable margin or at all. In addition, a product recall may require significant management attention or damage our reputation and goodwill or that of our products or brands.
Additionally, product recalls may lead to increased scrutiny of our operations by the FDA or other state or federal regulatory agencies, requiring further management attention, increased compliance costs and potential legal fees, fines, penalties and other expenses. Any product recall affecting the cannabis industry more broadly, whether or not involving us, could also lead consumers to lose confidence in the safety and security of the products sold by producers generally, including products sold by us.
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Within the United States, we and our third-party contract manufacturers and suppliers face a variety of state and local restrictions on the cultivation of hemp, and if state or local regulatory authorities take enforcement action to prevent us from selling our products, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely impacted.
The growth and cultivation of hemp is subject to a complex regulatory framework that is implemented and affected by multiple federal agencies, as well as state and local authorities. In 2014, Congress enacted the 2014 Farm Bill to allow for the limited growth and cultivation of industrial hemp under federal law. This statute allowed institutions of higher education and state departments of agriculture to grow and cultivate industrial hemp for agricultural or other academic research purposes, or for hemp to be grown under the auspices of a state agricultural pilot program, in states where such growth and cultivation is legal under state law. While the 2018 Farm Bill created a pathway under which hemp and its derivatives, including CBD, would no longer be a Schedule I controlled substance under the CSA and would be protected from interference in interstate commerce, the USDA only recently issued its IFR containing the regulatory framework to govern the growth and cultivation of hemp, and several states continue to operate under the 2014 Farm Bill, which will be repealed after October 31, 2020. Alongside the current federal regulatory developments, state and local authorities have enacted their own restrictions on the cultivation or sale of hemp or hemp-derived CBD, including laws that ban the cultivation or possession of hemp or any other plant of the cannabis genus and derivatives thereof, such as CBD. Currently several states ban the cultivation and possession of hemp or CBD, while others have taken enforcement action against human and pet food products that contain CBD, and states may enact new laws or regulations that prohibit or limit the sale of such products at any time. In the event of a change in federal or state laws and regulations that are adverse to our CBD products, we may be restricted or limited with respect to sale or distribution of those products, which could adversely impact our intended business plan with respect to such products.
The USDA has only recently issued the IFR and started accepting state and tribal hemp production plans for review, and it remains to be seen which additional states will submit their own regulatory plans for the cultivation of hemp and which states become subject to the USDA framework. The timing and content of state regulatory plans may impact our ability to obtain sufficient quantities of CBD at an acceptable price and on a timely basis. If our current supplier were to face increased regulation or be unable to continue to supply our business, we may be unable to fulfill our customer\’s orders or find a suitable replacement supplier in a timely fashion or at comparable prices. If our current supplier or any future suppliers fail to comply with the applicable regulatory requirements, our business may suffer.
Changes in existing laws or regulations, including how such existing laws or regulations are enforced by federal, state, and local authorities, or the adoption of new laws or regulations may increase our costs and otherwise adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
In addition to the legal framework applicable to hemp and CBD, the manufacture and marketing of animal food products is highly regulated, and we and our third-party contract manufacturers and suppliers are subject to a variety of federal and state laws and regulations applicable to pet food and treats. These laws and regulations apply to many aspects of our business, including the manufacture, packaging, labeling, distribution, advertising, sale, quality and safety of our products. We could incur costs, including fines, penalties, and third-party claims, in the event of any violations of, or liabilities under, such requirements, including any competitor or consumer challenges relating to compliance with such requirements. For example, in connection with the marketing and advertisement of our products, we could be the target of claims relating to false or deceptive advertising, including under the auspices of the FTC and state consumer protection statutes.
The regulatory environment in which we operate could change significantly and adversely in the future. The laws and regulations that apply to our products and business may change in the future and we may incur (directly, or indirectly through our third-party contract manufacturers or suppliers) material costs to comply with current or future laws and regulations or any required product recalls. Any change in manufacturing, labeling, or marketing requirements for our products may lead to an increase in costs or interruptions in manufacturing or raw material supply, either of which could adversely affect our operations and financial condition. For example, recent federal and state attention to the sale of CBD-containing products, specifically pet products that contain CBD, could result in standards or requirements that mandate changes to our current labeling, product ingredients or marketing. New or revised government laws and regulations could significantly limit our ability to run our business as it is currently conducted, result in additional compliance costs and, in the event of noncompliance, lead to administrative or civil remedies, including fines, injunctions, withdrawals, recalls or seizures and confiscations, as well as potential criminal sanctions.
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Any such changes or actions by the FDA or other regulatory agencies could have a material adverse effect on our third-party manufacturers, our suppliers or our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Government scrutiny, warnings and public perception could increase our costs of production and increase our legal and regulatory expenses, and if we are unable to comply with the applicable requirements for marketing pet foods, we could face substantial civil and criminal penalties.
Manufacturing, processing, labeling, packaging, storing and distributing pet products are activities subject to extensive federal, state and local regulation, as well as foreign regulation. In the United States, these operations are regulated by the FDA and various state and local public health and agricultural agencies. The FDA Food Safety Modernization Act of 2011 provides direct recall authority to the FDA for food products and includes a number of other provisions designed to enhance food safety, including increased inspections by the FDA of domestic and foreign food facilities and increased review of food products imported into the United States. In addition, many states have adopted the Association of American Feed Control Officials’ model pet food regulations or variations thereof, which generally regulate the information manufacturers provide about pet food. Compliance with government regulation can be costly or may otherwise adversely affect our business. Moreover, failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations could subject us to civil remedies, including fines, injunctions, recalls or seizures, as well as potential criminal sanctions, which could in turn have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We operate in a highly regulated environment with constantly evolving legal and regulatory frameworks. Consequently, we are subject to heightened risk of legal claims, government investigations or regulatory enforcement actions. Although we have implemented policies and procedures designed to ensure compliance with existing laws and regulations, there can be no assurance that our employees, temporary workers, contractors or agents will not violate our policies and procedures. Moreover, a failure to maintain effective regulatory compliance policies and procedures could lead to violations, unintentional or otherwise, of laws and regulations. Legal claims, government investigations or regulatory enforcement actions arising out of our failure or alleged failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations could subject us to civil and criminal penalties that could materially and adversely affect our product sales, reputation, financial condition and operating results. In addition, the costs and other effects of defending potential and pending litigation and administrative actions against us may be difficult to determine and could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Because there has been limited study on the effects of CBD, including on animals, future nonclinical and clinical research studies and analysis of such studies by third parties, including government agencies, may lead to conclusions that dispute or conflict with our understandings and beliefs regarding the benefits, viability, safety, dosing and social acceptance of CBD.
Research in the United States and internationally regarding the benefits, viability, safety and dosing of isolated cannabinoids (such as CBD or THC) remains in relatively early stages. There have been few clinical trials on the benefits of CBD conducted on humans or animals, including studies focused on the consumption of CBD in foods.
Future research and clinical trials may draw opposing conclusions to statements contained in current articles, reports and studies regarding CBD or could reach different or negative conclusions regarding the medical benefits, viability, safety, dosing or other facts and perceptions related to CBD, which could adversely affect acceptance of CBD in foods and the demand for such products. Future research may also cause regulatory authorities to change how they enforce regulatory restrictions applicable to hemp and CBD. We cannot predict any negative research and clinical trial findings in the future that may have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operation.
The market for raw foods and CBD and hemp products for pets is a young market and may not achieve the growth potential we expect or may grow more slowly than expected.
Our success will depend in significant part on customer acceptance, our ability to change with customer tastes and to meet customer needs with new products. If customers do not accept our products, our sales and revenue will either fail to materialize or decline, resulting in a reduction in our operating income or possible increases in losses. Demand for CBD and hemp products is also influenced by the popularity of certain aesthetics, cultural and demographic trends, marketing and advertising expenditures, legality concerns, and general economic conditions. Because these factors can change rapidly, customer demand also can shift quickly. The success of new product introductions depends on various factors, including product selection and quality, sales and marketing efforts and timely
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production. We may not always be able to respond quickly and effectively to changes in customer taste and demand due to the amount of time and financial resources that may be required to bring new products to market. The inability to respond quickly to market changes could have an impact on our expected growth potential and the growth potential of the market for raw foods and CBD and hemp products for pets. Even if this market develops, we may not succeed in our plan to become a category leader.
Negative publicity from being in the hemp and CBD space could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Hemp and marijuana are both varieties of the plant Cannabis sativa L., except that hemp, as defined by federal law for exemption from Schedule I of the CSA, has a delta-9 THC concentration of not more than 0.3% on a dry weight basis. The same plant with a higher THC content is considered marijuana, which is legal for medical and recreational use under certain state laws, but which is not legal under federal law. The similarities between these plants can cause confusion, and our activities with hemp may be incorrectly perceived as us being involved in federally illegal marijuana activities.
Also, despite growing support for the cannabis industry and legalization of marijuana in certain U.S. states, many individuals and businesses remain opposed to the cultivation and sale of cannabis and cannabis-derived products. Any negative publicity resulting from an incorrect perception that we operate in the marijuana space could result in a loss of current or future business. It could also adversely affect the public's perception of us or our common stock and lead to reluctance by new parties to do business with or invest in us. We cannot assure you that additional business partners, including but not limited to financial institutions and customers, will not attempt to end or curtail their relationships with us. Any such negative press or impacts to business relationships could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Our ability to deduct certain business expenses for income tax purposes is subject to uncertainty.
Section 280E of the Code prohibits the deduction of certain otherwise ordinary business expenses from carrying on any trade or business that consists of “trafficking” Schedule I or II controlled substances, as defined by the CSA. Under existing IRS guidance, the bulk of operating costs and general administrative costs of trades or businesses subject to Section 280E of the Code are not permitted to be deducted. Although the 2018 Farm Bill created a pathway under which hemp and its derivatives, including CBD, would no longer be a Schedule I controlled substance under the CSA, until the USDA implements regulations pursuant to the 2018 Farm Bill, we believe our ability to deduct certain ordinary business expenses requires compliance with the 2014 Farm Bill. We do not believe that Section 280E of the Code currently forbids our deduction of otherwise ordinary business expenses because we believe that we are in compliance with the 2014 Farm Bill and/or the products we sell are from participants that are compliant with the 2014 Farm Bill. However, until the USDA promulgates regulations under the 2018 Farm Bill, non-compliance with the 2014 Farm Bill by us or our suppliers may have a material adverse tax effect on us.
Risks Related to an Investment in Our Common Stock
There is currently a limited public market for our common stock, a trading market for our common stock may never develop, and our common stock prices may be volatile and could decline substantially.
Although our common stock is quoted on OTC Markets, OTCQB tier of OTC Markets Group Inc., an over-the-counter quotation system, under the symbol “BTTR,” there has been no material public market for our common stock. In these marketplaces, our stockholders may find it difficult to obtain accurate quotations as to the market value of their shares of our common stock, and may find few buyers to purchase their stock and few market makers to support its price. As a result of these and other factors, investors may be unable to resell shares of our common stock at or above the price for which they purchased them, at or near quoted bid prices, or at all. Further, an inactive market may also impair our ability to raise capital by selling additional equity in the future, and may impair our ability to enter into strategic partnerships or acquire companies or products by using shares of our common stock as consideration.
Moreover, there can be no assurance that any selling stockholders will sell any or all of their shares of common stock and there may initially be a lack of supply of, or demand for, our common stock. In the case of a lack of supply for our common stock, the trading price of our common stock may rise to an unsustainable level, particularly in instances where institutional investors may be discouraged from purchasing our common stock because they are unable to purchase a block of shares in the open market due to a potential unwillingness of our selling stockholders to sell the
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amount of shares at the price offered by such investors and the greater influence individual investors have in setting the trading price. In the case of a lack of demand for our common stock, the trading price of our common stock could decline significantly and rapidly at any time.
We intend to list shares of our common stock on a national securities exchange in the future, but we do not now, and may not in the future, meet the initial listing standards of any national securities exchange, which is often a more widely-traded and liquid market. Some, but not all, of the factors which may delay or prevent the listing of our common stock on a more widely-traded and liquid market include the following: our stockholders’ equity may be insufficient; the market value of our outstanding securities may be too low; our net income from operations may be too low; our common stock may not be sufficiently widely held; we may not be able to secure market makers for our common stock; and we may fail to meet the rules and requirements mandated by the several exchanges and markets to have our common stock listed. Should we fail to satisfy the initial listing standards of the national exchanges, or our common stock is otherwise rejected for listing, and remains listed on the OTC Markets or is suspended from the OTC Markets, the trading price of our common stock could suffer and the trading market for our common stock may be less liquid and our common stock price may be subject to increased volatility.
Therefore, an active, liquid, and orderly trading market for our common stock may not initially develop or be sustained, which could significantly depress the public price of our common stock and/or result in significant volatility, which could affect your ability to sell your common stock. Even if an active trading market develops for our common stock, the market price of our common stock may be highly volatile and subject to wide fluctuations. Our financial performance, government regulatory action, tax laws, interest rates and market conditions in general could have a significant impact on the future market price of our common stock.
We are not subject to the rules of a national securities exchange requiring the adoption of certain corporate governance measures and, as a result, our stockholders do not have the same protections.
We are quoted on the OTCQB marketplace and are not subject to the rules of a national securities exchange, such as the New York Stock Exchange or the Nasdaq Stock Market. National securities exchanges generally require more rigorous measures relating to corporate governance designed to enhance the integrity of corporate management. The requirements of the OTCQB afford our stockholders fewer corporate governance protections than those of a national securities exchange. Until we comply with such greater corporate governance measures, regardless of whether such compliance is required, our stockholders will have fewer protections such as those related to director independence, stockholder approval rights and governance measures designed to provide board oversight of management.
If our common stock becomes subject to the “penny stock” rules, it could adversely affect the market price of our common stock and increase your transaction costs to sell those shares.
The SEC has adopted Rule 3a51-1, which establishes the definition of a “penny stock” as any equity security that has a market price of less than $5.00 per share or with an exercise price of less than $5.00 per share, subject to certain exceptions. If the price if our common stock is less than $5.00, our common stock will be deemed a penny stock. As of the date of this prospectus, our common stock is deemed to be a penny stock. For any transaction involving a penny stock, unless exempt, Rule 15g-9 requires that a broker-dealer must make a special written determination that the penny stock is a suitable investment for the purchaser and receive (i) the purchaser’s written acknowledgment of the receipt of a risk disclosure statement; (ii) a written agreement to transactions involving penny stocks; and (iii) a signed and dated copy of a written suitability statement.
Generally, brokers may be less willing to execute transactions in securities subject to the “penny stock” rules. This may make it more difficult for investors to dispose of our common stock and cause a decline in the market value of our stock.
We may have material liabilities that were not discovered before, and have not been discovered since, the closing of the acquisitions.
As a result of the May Acquisitions and the Halo Acquisition, the prior business plan and management relating to Better Choice Company was abandoned and replaced with the business and management team of Bona Vida, Halo and TruPet. As a result, we may have material liabilities based on activities before the acquisitions that have not been discovered or asserted. We could experience losses as a result of any such undisclosed liabilities that are discovered in the future, which could materially harm our business and financial condition. Although the agreements entered into in connection with the acquisitions contains customary representations and warranties from Bona Vida, Halo and TruPet concerning their assets, liabilities, financial condition and affairs, there may be limited or no recourse against
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the pre-acquisition stockholders or principals in the event those representations prove to be untrue. As a result, our current and future stockholders will bear some, or all, of the risks relating to any such unknown or undisclosed liabilities.
Our common stock prices may be volatile which could cause the value of an investment in our common stock to decline.
The market price of our common stock may be highly volatile and subject to wide fluctuations. Our financial performance, government regulatory action, tax laws, interest rates and market conditions in general could have a significant impact on the future market price of our common stock.
The public price of our common stock following the date of this prospectus also could be subject to wide fluctuations in response to the risk factors described in this prospectus and others beyond our control, including:
the number of shares of our common stock publicly owned and available for trading;
actual or anticipated quarterly variations in our results of operations or those of our competitors;
our actual or anticipated operating performance and the operating performance of similar companies in our industry;
our announcements or our competitors’ announcements regarding, significant contracts, acquisitions, or strategic investments;
general economic conditions and their impact on the pet food markets;
the overall performance of the equity markets;
threatened or actual litigation;
changes in laws or regulations relating to our industry;
any major change in our board of directors or management;
publication of research reports about us or our industry or changes in recommendations or withdrawal of research coverage by securities analysts; and
sales or expected sales of shares of our common stock by us, and our officers, directors, and significant stockholders.
In addition, the stock market in general has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that often have been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of those companies. Securities class action litigation has often been instituted against companies following periods of volatility in the overall market and in the market price of a company’s securities. Such litigation, if instituted against us, could result in very substantial costs, divert our management’s attention and resources and harm our business, operating results, and financial condition.
Because we are a “smaller reporting company,” we will not be required to comply with certain disclosure requirements that are applicable to other public companies and we cannot be certain if the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to smaller reporting companies will make our common stock less attractive to investors.
We are a “smaller reporting company,” as defined in Item 10(f)(1) of Regulation S-K. As a smaller reporting company we are eligible for exemptions from various reporting requirements applicable to other public companies that are not smaller reporting companies, including, but not limited to:
Reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports, proxy statements and registration statements;
Not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002; and
Reduced disclosure obligations for our annual and quarterly reports, proxy statements and registration statements.
We will remain a smaller reporting company until the end of the fiscal year in which (1) we have a public common equity float of more than $250 million, or (2) we have annual revenues for the most recently completed fiscal year of more than $100 million plus we have any public common equity float or public float of more than $700 million. We also would not be eligible for status as smaller reporting company if we become an investment company, an asset-backed issuer or a majority-owned subsidiary of a parent company that is not a smaller reporting company.
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We do not expect to pay any cash dividends to the holders of the common stock in the foreseeable future and the availability and timing of future cash dividends, if any, is uncertain.
We expect to use cash flow from future operations to repay debt and support the growth of our business and do not expect to declare or pay any cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. Our Facilities Agreement, Citizens ABL Facility, subordinated convertible notes, short term loan and revolving line of credit place certain restrictions on the ability of us and our subsidiaries to pay cash dividends. We may amend our current credit facilities or enter into new debt arrangements that also prohibit or restrict our ability to pay cash dividends on our common stock.
Subject to such restrictions, our board of directors will determine the amount and timing of stockholder dividends, if any, that we may pay in future periods. In making this determination, our directors will consider all relevant factors, including the amount of cash available for dividends, capital expenditures, covenants, prohibitions or limitations with respect to dividends, applicable law, general operational requirements and other variables. We cannot predict the amount or timing of any future dividends you may receive, and if we do commence the payment of dividends, we may be unable to pay, maintain or increase dividends over time. Therefore, you may not be able to realize any return on your investment in our common stock for an extended period of time, if at all.
Future sales of our common stock, or the perception that such sales may occur, may depress our share price, and any additional capital through the sale of equity or convertible securities may dilute your ownership in us.
We may in the future issue our previously authorized and unissued securities. We are authorized to issue 200,000,000 shares of common stock and 4,000,000 shares of preferred stock with such designations, preferences and rights as determined by our board of directors. The potential issuance of such additional shares of common stock will result in the dilution of the ownership interests of the holders of our common stock and may create downward pressure on the trading price, if any, of our common stock. The registration rights of certain of our stockholders and the sales of substantial amounts of our common stock following the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part or other effective registration statements of the Company, or the perception that these sales may occur, could cause the market price of our common stock to decline and impair our ability to raise capital. These shares also may be sold pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act, depending on their holding period and subject to restrictions in the case of shares held by persons deemed to be our affiliates. We also may grant additional registration rights in connection with any future issuance of our capital stock.
In October 2018, we issued Series E Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series E Preferred Stock”). On October 1, 2020, as part of the Series F Private Placement all of the outstanding Series E Preferred Stock was exchanged for 3,500 shares of Series F Preferred Stock and warrants to purchase 3,500,000 shares of our common stock.
On May 6, 2019, in connection with the May Acquisitions, the Company acquired 712,823 warrants to purchase common stock with a weighted average exercise price of $3.90. The Company also issued 5,744,991 warrants with an exercise price of $4.25 on May 6, 2019 as part of the PIPE. Additionally, in connection with the PIPE transaction, the Company issued 220,539 warrants to brokers with an exercise price of $3.00. The warrants are exercisable on the date of issuance and expire 24 months from the date of the consummation of a future IPO.
On November 4, 2019, we issued (i) $2.8 million in aggregate principal amount of subordinated convertible notes (the “Convertible Notes”) for total proceeds of $2.8 million to existing shareholders and (ii) 11,000 warrants (the “Warrants”) to purchase shares of our common stock. The Convertible Notes are scheduled to mature on June 30, 2023 and are convertible into the Company’s common stock at any time from the date of issuance. The Convertible Notes carried an initial conversion price of $4.00 per share or the price at which the Common Stock was sold in an IPO. Each Warrant entitles the holder thereof to purchase one share of our common stock and are exercisable any time from the date of issuance for a period of up to 24 months from the date of the consummation of a future initial public offering (“IPO”) at an initial exercise price equal to the greater of (i) $5.00 per share or (ii) the price at which our common stock was sold in the IPO.
On December 19, 2019, in connection with the Halo Acquisition and as part of the consideration payable under the Halo Agreement, we issued to the Halo sellers and Werner von Pein (i) convertible subordinated notes in a total amount of $15,000,000 (the “Seller Notes”) and (ii) 937,500 stock purchase warrants (the “Seller Warrants”) to purchase shares of our common stock. The Seller Notes are scheduled to mature on June 30, 2023 and may be converted into shares of our common stock at any time prior to the last business day immediately preceding the maturity date and shall be automatically converted into shares of our common stock upon an IPO. The initial conversion price was equal to the lower of $4.00 per share or the price at which the Common Stock was sold in an
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IPO. The Seller Warrants are exercisable any time from the date of issuance for up to 24 months from the date of the consummation of an IPO at an initial exercise price equal to the greater of (i) $5.00 per share or (ii) the price at which our common stock was sold in the IPO.
On December 19, 2019, as consideration for the Shareholder Guaranty (as described below), we agreed to issue common stock purchase warrants. The warrants are exercisable any time from the date of issuance for up to 24 months from the date of the consummation of an IPO (as defined therein) at an exercise price $1.82 per share. We issued 4,875,000 Shareholder Guarantor Warrants to John M. Word III, 1,300,000 Shareholder Guarantor Warrants to Lori Taylor and 325,000 Shareholder Guarantor Warrants to Michael Young.
On January 20, 2020, in connection with the early termination of a licensing agreement, we issued Authentic Brands and Elvis Presley Enterprises (“ABG”) $0.6 million aggregate principal amount of subordinated convertible notes (the “ABG Notes”) and a common stock purchase warrant equal to a fair value of $150,000 (the “ABG Warrants”). The ABG Notes are scheduled to mature on June 30, 2023 and are convertible into the Company’s common stock at any time from the date of issuance at an initial conversion price of $5.00 per share or the price at which the common stock was sold in an IPO. The ABG Warrants are exercisable for 24 months from the date of consummation of an IPO and carried an initial exercise price equal to the greater of $5.00 or the price at which the common stock was sold in an IPO.
On March 17, 2020, 1,003,232 warrants were issued to holders of warrants issued on May 6, 2019 due to dilutive impact of subsequent issuances. The Company issued an additional 2,560,883 warrants to holders of these warrants due to further dilutive impact of subsequent issuances.
On June 24, 2020, the Company issued $1.5 million in subordinated convertible promissory notes (the “June 2020 Notes”). The June 2020 Notes are convertible into the Company’s common stock at the election of the holders thereof at any time from the date of issuance. The June 2020 Notes are also convertible automatically upon the Company’s consummation of an initial public offering or change in control (each as defined in the June 2020 Notes). The June 2020 Notes are convertible at conversion price of $0.75 per share. The June 2020 Notes carry a 10% PIK interest rate which is payable in arrears on March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31 of each year. PIK interest is payable by increasing the aggregate principal amount of the June 2020 Notes. The June 2020 Notes mature on June 30, 2023. The proceeds of the June 2020 Notes will be used for general working capital needs. The June 2020 Notes rank on par with the Seller Notes and the ABG Notes.
In connection with the issuance of the June 2020 Notes, the Company issued common stock purchase warrants (the “June 2020 Incentive Warrants”) to purchase up to1,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at a price equal to $1.25 per share. Additionally, the Company issued common stock purchase warrants to purchase up to 1,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock to two non-employee directors at a price equal to $1.25 per share (the “June 2020 Director Warrants” and together with the June 2020 Incentive Warrants, the “June 2020 Warrants”). The June 2020 Warrants are exercisable on the date of issuance and expire on the earlier of (i) 84 months from the date of the consummation of an underwritten public offering or other uplist transaction or (ii) June 30, 2030.
In addition, on June 24, 2020, in connection with the issuance of the June 2020 Notes, (i) the November 2019 Notes, the Seller Notes and the ABG Notes were amended to lower the maximum conversion price applicable to the conversion of these notes from $4.00 per share to $3.75 per share, (ii) the maturity date of the November 2019 Notes was extended from November 4, 2021 to June 30, 2023, and (iii) the common stock purchase warrants to purchase 1,009,724 shares of the Company’s common stock that were issued in connection with the November 2019 Notes, the Seller Notes and the ABG Notes were amended to lower the maximum exercise price applicable to these warrants from $5.00 per share to $4.25 per share.
On July 20, 2020, in consideration of the personal guaranty, the Company issued common stock purchase warrants to purchase up to 300,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at a price equal to $1.05 per share (the “July 2020 Guarantor Warrants”). Additionally, the Company issued common stock purchase warrants to purchase up to 200,000 shares of the Company’s common stock to two nonemployee directors at a price equal to $1.05 per share (the “July 2020 Director Warrants,” and together with the July 2020 Guarantor Warrants, the “July 2020 Warrants”). The July 2020 Warrants are exercisable on the date of issuance and expire on the earlier of (i) 84 months from the date of the consummation of an underwritten public offering or other uplist transaction or (ii) June 30, 2030. The exercise, conversion or exchange of convertible securities, including for other securities, will dilute the percentage ownership of our stockholders. The dilutive effect of the exercise or conversion of these securities may adversely affect our ability to obtain additional capital. The holders of these securities may be expected to exercise or convert
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such securities at a time when we would be able to obtain additional equity capital on terms more favorable than such securities or when our common stock is trading at a price higher than the exercise or conversion price of the securities. The exercise or conversion of outstanding securities will have a dilutive effect on the securities held by our shareholders. We have in the past, and may in the future, exchange outstanding securities for other securities on terms that are dilutive to the securities held by other shareholders not participating in such exchange.
In October 2020, we consummated the Series F Private Placement in which we raised approximately $21.7 million, including an investment by certain of our officers and directors of approximately $6.5 million and an exchange of all of our outstanding Series E preferred stock of approximately $3.5 million. Each Series F Unit was sold in the Series F Private Placement at a per unit price of $1,000 and consisted of (i) one share of Series F Preferred Stock, which is convertible into shares of our common stock, at a value per share of common stock of $0.50 (subject to adjustment); and (ii) a warrant to purchase for a six year period such number of shares of common stock into which such share of Series F Preferred Stock is convertible at an exercise price per share of $0.75 (subject to adjustment). In the Series F Private Placement, we issued 21,792 shares of Series F Preferred Stock and 43,583,130 warrants to purchase common stock (subject to adjustment).
As of November 17, 2020, (i) 63,455,837 warrants to purchase our common stock at a weighted average price of $1.18 per share that we issued in, the Acquisitions, the private placement offerings in December 2018 and May 2019, the Series F Private Placement as well as other compensation and financing transactions disclosed elsewhere herein are outstanding, (ii) 38,462 share of common stock are issuable pursuant to outstanding options granted in 2018, (iii) 7,453,480 shares of common stock (of which 4,946,658 are vested) are issuable pursuant to outstanding options granted under the 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2019 Plan” and the “2019 Amended Plan”) to our executive officers and directors, key employees and third-party contractors, (iv) 7,346,568 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of convertible notes that we issued in connection with the December Private Placement, the Halo Acquisition and certain other financing transactions described herein, and (v) 43,603,130 shares of common stock issuable upon the conversion of our Series F Preferred Stock issued in the Series F Private Placement. The issuance of any such shares would ultimately be dilutive to the holders of shares of common stock acquired.
We may issue preferred stock whose terms could adversely affect the voting power or value of our common stock.
Our certificate of incorporation authorizes us to issue, without the approval of our stockholders, one or more classes or series of preferred stock having such designations, preferences, limitations and relative rights, including preferences over our common stock with respect to dividends and distributions, as our board of directors may determine. The terms of one or more classes or series of preferred stock could adversely impact the voting power or value of our common stock. For example, we might grant holders of preferred stock the right to elect some number of our directors in all events or on the happening of specified events, or the right to veto specified transactions. Similarly, the repurchase or redemption rights or liquidation preferences we might grant to holders of preferred stock could affect the value of the common stock.
We will continue to incur increased costs as a result of operating as a public company, and our management will be required to devote substantial time to new compliance initiatives.
As a public company, we incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company. In addition, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and rules subsequently implemented by the SEC, impose various requirements on public companies, including establishment and maintenance of effective disclosure and financial controls and corporate governance practices. Our management and other personnel devote a substantial amount of time to these compliance initiatives. Moreover, these rules and regulations will increase our legal and financial compliance costs and will make some activities more time-consuming and costly, particularly after we are no longer a smaller reporting company. For example, we expect that these rules and regulations may make it more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance.
Pursuant to Section 404, we will be required to furnish a report by our management on our internal control over financial reporting, including an attestation report on internal control over financial reporting issued by our independent registered public accounting firm. To achieve compliance with Section 404 within the prescribed period, we will be engaged in a process to document and evaluate our internal control over financial reporting, which is both costly and challenging. In this regard, we will need to continue to dedicate internal resources, potentially engage outside consultants and adopt a detailed work plan to assess and document the adequacy of internal control over financial reporting, continue steps to improve control processes as appropriate, validate through testing that controls
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are functioning as documented and implement a continuous reporting and improvement process for internal control over financial reporting. Despite our efforts, there is a risk that neither we nor our independent registered public accounting firm will be able to conclude within the prescribed timeframe that our internal control over financial reporting is effective as required by Section 404. This could result in an adverse reaction in the financial markets due to a loss of confidence in the reliability of our financial statements.
We will continue to incur significant costs in staying current with reporting requirements. Our management will be required to devote substantial time to compliance initiatives. Additionally, the lack of an internal audit group may result in material misstatements to our financial statements and ability to provide accurate financial information to our shareholders.
Our management and other personnel will need to devote a substantial amount of time to compliance initiatives to maintain reporting status. Moreover, these rules and regulations, which are necessary to remain as a public reporting company, will be costly because external third party consultant(s), attorneys, or other firms may have to assist us in following the applicable rules and regulations for each filing on behalf of the company.
We currently do not have an internal audit group, and we may eventually need to hire additional accounting and financial staff with appropriate public company experience and technical accounting knowledge to have effective internal controls for financial reporting. Additionally, due to the fact that our officers and directors have limited experience as an officer or director of a reporting company, such lack of experience may impair our ability to maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures, which may result in material misstatements to our financial statements and an inability to provide accurate financial information to our stockholders.
Moreover, if we are not able to comply with the requirements or regulations as a public reporting company in any regard, we could be subject to sanctions or investigations by the SEC or other regulatory authorities, which would require additional financial and management resources.
Many of our officers and directors lack significant experience in, and with, the reporting and disclosure obligations of publicly-traded companies in the United States.
Many of our officers and directors lack significant experience in, and with the reporting and disclosure obligations of publicly-traded companies, and with serving as an officer and or director of a publicly-traded company. This lack of experience may impair our ability to maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures, which may result in material misstatements to our financial statements and an inability to provide accurate financial information to our stockholders. Consequently, our operations, future earnings and ultimate financial success could suffer irreparable harm due to our officer’s and director’s ultimate lack of experience in our industry and with publicly-traded companies and their reporting requirements in general.
Provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws and Delaware law may discourage a takeover attempt even if a takeover might be beneficial to our stockholders.
Provisions contained in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us after we have become a publicly traded company. Provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws impose various procedural and other requirements, which could make it more difficult for stockholders to effect certain corporate actions. For example, our certificate of incorporation authorizes our board of directors to determine the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions of unissued series of preferred stock without any vote or action by our stockholders. Thus, our board of directors can authorize and issue shares of preferred stock with voting or conversion rights that could dilute the voting power of holders of our other series of capital stock. These rights may have the effect of delaying or deterring a change of control of our company. Additionally, our certificate of incorporation and/or bylaws establish limitations on the removal of directors and on the ability of our stockholders to call special meetings and include advance notice requirements for nominations for election to our board of directors and for proposing matters that can be acted upon at stockholder meetings.
Moreover, because we are incorporated in Delaware, we are governed by the provisions of Section 203 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”), which prohibits an “interested stockholder” owning in excess of 15% of our outstanding voting stock from merging or combining with us for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which such stockholder acquired in excess of 15% of our outstanding voting stock, unless the merger or combination is approved in a prescribed manner.
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See “Description of Capital Stock—Anti-Takeover Effects of Provisions of Our Certificate of Incorporation, Our Bylaws and Delaware Law.” These provisions could limit the price that certain investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock.
Our bylaws designate the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware as the sole and exclusive forum for certain types of actions and proceedings that may be initiated by our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers, employees or agents.
Our bylaws provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director or officer (or affiliate of any of the foregoing) of us to us or the our shareholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL or our certificate of incorporation or bylaws, or (iv) any other action asserting a claim arising under, in connection with, and governed by the internal affairs doctrine; provided that these exclusive forum provisions will not apply to suits brought to enforce any liability or duty created by the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, or to any claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our capital stock will be deemed to have notice of, and consented to, the provisions of our bylaws described in the preceding sentence. This choice of forum provision may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers, employees or agents, which may discourage such lawsuits against us and such persons. Alternatively, if a court were to find these provisions of our bylaws inapplicable to, or unenforceable in respect of, one or more of the specified types of actions or proceedings, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such matters in other jurisdictions, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Claims for indemnification by our directors and officers may reduce our available funds to satisfy successful third-party claims against us and may reduce the amount of money available to us.
Our certificate of incorporation provides that we will indemnify our directors and officers, in each case to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law. In addition, as permitted by Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, our certificate of incorporation and our indemnification agreements that we have entered into with our directors and officers provide that:
We will indemnify our directors and officers for serving us in those capacities or for serving other business enterprises at our request, to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law. Delaware law provides that a corporation may indemnify such person if such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe such person’s conduct was unlawful.
We may, in our discretion, indemnify employees and agents in those circumstances where indemnification is permitted by applicable law.
We are required to advance expenses, as incurred, to our directors and officers in connection with defending a proceeding, except that such directors or officers shall undertake to repay such advances if it is ultimately determined that such person is not entitled to indemnification.
We will not be obligated pursuant to the indemnification agreements entered into with our directors and executive officers to indemnify a person with respect to proceedings initiated by that person, except with respect to proceedings to enforce an indemnitees right to indemnification or advancement of expenses, proceedings authorized by our board of directors and if offered by us in our sole discretion.
The rights conferred in our certificate of incorporation are not exclusive, and we are authorized to enter into indemnification agreements with our directors, officers, employees and agents and to obtain insurance to indemnify such persons.
We may not retroactively amend our certificate of incorporation or indemnification agreement provisions to reduce our indemnification obligations to directors, officers, employees and agents.
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FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
The information in this prospectus contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. We intend such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this prospectus are “forward-looking statements” for purposes of federal and state securities laws, including statements regarding our expectations and projections regarding future developments, operations and financial conditions, and the anticipated impact of our acquisitions, business strategy, and strategic priorities. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.
In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “could,” “intend,” “target,” “project,” “contemplate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential” or “continue” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions, although not all forward-looking statements contain these words. The forward-looking statements in this prospectus are only predictions and are based largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this prospectus and are subject to a number of known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Although we believe the expectations reflected in any of our forward-looking statements are reasonable, actual results could differ materially from those projected or assumed in any of our forward-looking statements. Our future financial condition and results of operations, as well as any forward-looking statements, are subject to change and inherent risks and uncertainties.
These forward-looking statements present our estimates and assumptions only as of the date of this prospectus. Accordingly, you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the dates on which they are made. Except as required by applicable law, we do not plan to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements contained herein, whether as a result of any new information, future events, changed circumstances or otherwise. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, those summarized below:
adverse impacts from the pandemic involving the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19;
our ability to successfully implement our growth strategy;
failure to achieve growth or manage anticipated growth;
our ability to achieve or maintain profitability;
our significant indebtedness;
our ability to continue as a going concern;
our ability to generate sufficient cash flow to run our operations, service our debt and make necessary capital expenditures;
our ability to establish and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting;
our limited operating history;
our ability to successfully integrate Bona Vida’s, Halo’s and TruPet’s businesses and realize anticipated benefits with these acquisitions and with other acquisitions or investments we may make;
our dependence on our subsidiaries for payments, advances and transfers of funds due to our holding company status;
our ability to successfully develop additional products and services or successfully commercialize such products and services;
competition in our market;
our ability to attract new and retain existing customers;
our exposure to product liability claims;
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interruption in our sourcing operations;
our or our third-party contract manufacturers’ and suppliers’ ability to comply with legal and regulatory requirements;
our brand reputation;
compliance with data privacy rules;
our compliance with applicable regulations issued by the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (“DEA”), the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”), the U.S. Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”), the U.S. Department of Agriculture (“USDA”), and other federal, state and local regulatory authorities, including those regarding marketing pet food, products and supplements with CBD;
uncertainty regarding the status of hemp and hemp-based products under U.S. law;
risk of our products being recalled for a variety of reasons, including product defects, packaging safety and inadequate or inaccurate labeling disclosure;
risk of shifting customer demand in relation to raw pet foods, premium kibble and canned pet food products, CBD and hemp products for pets and failure to respond to such changes in customer taste quickly and effectively; and
the other risks identified in this prospectus including, without limitation, those under “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” as such factors may updated from time to time in our other filings with the SEC.
Given these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward looking statements. These forward looking statements represent our estimates and assumptions only as of the date of this prospectus and, except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise publicly any forward looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise after the date of this prospectus. We qualify all of our forward looking statements by these cautionary statements.
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USE OF PROCEEDS
We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares of our common stock by the selling stockholders pursuant to this prospectus. The selling stockholders will pay any underwriting discounts and commissions and expenses they incur for brokerage, accounting, tax or legal services or any other expenses they incur in disposing of the shares. We will bear all other costs, fees and expenses incurred in effecting the registration of the shares covered by this prospectus, including, without limitation, all registration and filing fees and fees and expenses of our counsel and our accountants.
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DETERMINATION OF OFFERING PRICE
The selling stockholders will determine at what price they may sell the Securities offered by this prospectus, and such sales may be made at fixed prices, prevailing market prices at the time of the sale, varying prices determined at the time of sale, or negotiated prices.
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MARKET FOR THE SECURITIES
Our common stock is listed on the OTCQB under the symbol “BTTR” and has been trading since June 2010. No established public trading market existed for our common stock prior to June 2010. The closing price of our common stock on the OTCQB on November 17, 2020 was $0.88 per share. As of November 17, 2020, we had 49,185,860 shares of our common stock outstanding. As of November 17, 2020, we had 143 record holders of our common stock.
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DIVIDEND POLICY
We do not currently anticipate declaring or paying cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. We currently intend to retain our future earnings, if any, to finance the development and expansion of our business. Any future determination to pay dividends will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon then-existing conditions, including our results of operations and financial condition, capital requirements, business prospects, statutory and contractual restrictions on our ability to pay cash dividends, including restrictions contained in the credit agreements governing our Facilities Agreement entered into in connection with the Halo Acquisition and other factors our board of directors may deem relevant. Accordingly, you may need to sell your shares of our common stock to realize a return on your investment, and you may not be able to sell your shares at or above the price you paid for them. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to an Investment in our Common Stock—We do not expect to pay any cash dividends to the holders of the common stock in the foreseeable future and the availability and timing of future cash dividends, if any, is uncertain.”
Our Series F Preferred Stock ranks pari passu with the shares of our common stock with respect to dividend rights, as set forth in the Certificate of Designation Preferences and Rights of Series F Preferred Stock (“Series F Certificate of Designation”). Any declared dividends are paid in the respect of the Series F Preferred Stock on an as-converted basis.
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CAPITALIZATION
The following table shows our cash and cash equivalents and capitalization as of September 30, 2020.
You should refer to “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the financial statements and related notes contained elsewhere in this prospectus in evaluating the material presented below.
In thousands (except shares)
September 30,
2020
(unaudited)
Cash and cash equivalents
$563
 
 
Long-term debt, including current maturities:
 
Loan facilities, net
$24,417
Notes payable, net
18,240
PPP Loans
852
Total debt, net of debt issuance costs and discounts
43,509
Series E preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 2,900,000 shares authorized, 1,387,378 shares issued and outstanding(1)
10,566
 
 
Stockholders’ Deficit:
 
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized, 49,139,708 shares issued and outstanding
49
Additional paid-in capital
214,305
Accumulated deficit
(230,923)
Total stockholders’ deficit
(16,569)
Total capitalization
$26,940
(1)
On October 1, 2020, all outstanding shares of Series E Preferred Stock were exchanged for 3,500 Series F Units, consisting of 3,500 shares of Series F Preferred Stock and 7,000,000 Series F Warrants.
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UNAUDITED PRO FORMA COMBINED FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The following unaudited pro forma combined financial information of the Company has been prepared to give effect to the Halo Acquisition and the accompanying financing transactions more specifically described herein (the “Transactions”).
On December 19, 2019, (“the Acquisition Date”) the Company completed the acquisition of Halo for approximately $38.2 million pursuant to the terms of the Amended and Restated Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of December 18, 2019 (the “Stock Purchase Agreement”), by and among the Company, Halo, Thriving Paws, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Thriving Paws”), HH-Halo LP, a Delaware limited partnership (“HH-Halo” and, together with Thriving Paws, the “Sellers”) and HH-Halo, in the capacity of the representatives of the Sellers. The Company paid (i) cash consideration of $20.5 million, (ii) 2,134,390 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”), (iii) Seller Notes totaling $15.0 million (“the Seller Notes”), and (iv) 937,500 Seller Warrants in exchange for 100% of the outstanding common stock of Halo. The Company also incurred $0.9 million in transaction costs.
The unaudited pro forma combined statement of operations and comprehensive loss give effect to the Transactions as if they had occurred on January 1, 2019. The historical financial information is adjusted to give pro forma effect to events that are (1) directly attributable to the Transactions, (2) factually supportable and (3) expected to have a continuing impact on the results of the combined entity. The unaudited pro forma combined statement of operations and comprehensive loss presented below is based on, and should be read together with, the historical financial statements and accompanying notes of Halo and the historical consolidated financial statements of the Company included in this prospectus.
The unaudited pro forma combined statement of operations and comprehensive loss do not reflect the realization of potential cost savings, or any related restructuring or integration costs that may result from the integration of the companies. Although the Company believes that certain cost savings may result from the Halo Acquisition, there can be no assurance that these cost savings will be achieved.
The unaudited pro forma combined statement of operations and comprehensive loss is based on estimates and assumptions, is presented for illustrative purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of results of operations in future periods or the results that actually would have been realized if the Transactions had been completed as of January 1, 2019.
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Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Loss
For the Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2019
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Consolidated
Historical Halo
Adjustments
Ref.
Combined
Pro Forma
Net sales
$15,577
$32,576
$(3,657)
A
$44,496
Cost of goods sold
9,717
21,352
(1,418)
A
29,651
Gross profit
5,860
11,224
(2,239)
 
14,845
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
General and administrative
19,782
7,521
(4,898)
A, B, C
22,405
Share-based compensation
10,280
309
D
10,589
Sales and marketing
10,138
6,711
 
16,849
Customer service and warehousing
1,097
 
1,097
Impairment of intangible asset
889
 
889
Loss on disposal of equipment
64
 
64
Total operating expenses
42,186
14,296
(4,589)
 
51,893
Loss from operations
(36,326)
(3,072)
2,350
 
(37,048)
Other (expense) income
 
 
 
 
 
Interest expense
(670)
(272)
(3,995)
E,F
(4,937)
Loss on acquisitions
(147,376)
 
(147,376)
Change in fair value of warrant derivative liability
(90)
 
(90)
Total other (expense) income
(148,136)
(272)
(3,995)
 
(152,403)
Net and comprehensive loss
$(184,462)
$(3,344)
$(1,645)
 
$(189,451)
Preferred dividends
109
 
109
Net and comprehensive loss available to common stockholders
$(184,571)
$(3,344)
$(1,645)
 
$(189,560)
Earnings per Share, Basic & Diluted
$(5.55)
 
 
 
$(5.36)
Weighted average shares, basic and diluted
33,238,600
 
 
 
35,372,990
See accompanying notes to unaudited pro forma financial information.
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UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION
1.
Basis of presentation
The unaudited pro forma combined statement of operations and comprehensive loss has been compiled from the underlying financial statements of the Company and Halo, each prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and reflects the pro forma effects of the Halo Acquisition using the acquisition method of accounting.
2.
Purchase price
The unaudited pro forma combined statement of operations and comprehensive loss reflect the impact of the purchase price of $38.2 million for the outstanding shares of Halo. The purchase price for Halo has been allocated based on a preliminary estimate of the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed and those values have been used to calculate certain of the pro forma adjustments. The final purchase price allocation will be determined when the Company has completed the necessary calculations. The final allocation is not expected to differ materially from the preliminary purchase price allocation.
3.
Pro forma adjustments
The unaudited pro forma combined statement of operations and comprehensive loss for the twelve-month period ended December 31, 2019 include the adjustments summarized below:
A.
Adoption of ASC 606, Revenue Recognition. To reflect Halo’s adoption of ASC 606 as of the beginning of the fiscal year. The impact of the adoption of this standard on net sales, cost of goods sold, and general and administrative expense approximates $3.7 million, $1.4 million, and $2.3 million, respectively for the period from January 1, 2019 through the Acquisition Date.
B.
Amortization expense—purchase accounting intangibles. To reflect the amortization of trade name and customer base intangible assets recorded as of the Acquisition Date. The trade name is a finite-lived intangible asset and is being amortized over its estimated life of 15 years using the straight-line method, which reflects the pattern of economic benefits associated with this asset. Acquired customer relationships are finite-lived intangible assets and are amortized over their estimated life of 7 years using the straight-line method, which approximates the customer attrition rate, reflecting the pattern of economic benefits associated with these assets. Amortization expense relating to these intangible assets approximates $1.5 million for the period from January 1, 2019 through the Acquisition Date.
C.
Costs of Halo Acquisition. To remove the one-time legal and transaction related expenses incurred by both Halo and the Company on the acquisition date. The general and administrative expenses associated with the transaction is approximately $4.2 million for the period from January 1, 2019 through the Acquisition Date.
D.
Stock options granted. To reflect the share-based compensation expense associated with stock options granted to five Halo employees in connection with the closing of the Acquisition. The share-based compensation expense for the options granted approximates $0.3 million for the period from January 1, 2019 through the Acquisition Date.
E.
Interest expense reduction. To reflect the reduction in interest expense associated with the repayment of the Halo debt on the Acquisition Date offset by the write off of remaining deferred financing costs associated with the Halo debt. The interest expense reduction approximates $0.3 million for the period from January 1, 2019 through the Acquisition Date. Additionally, as a result of the Company settling its line of credit with Franklin Synergy Bank, interest expense is reduced by an additional $0.1 million for the period from May 6, 2019 (inception date of the Franklin Synergy line of credit) through the Acquisition Date.
F.
Interest expense—acquisition debt. To reflect the interest expense associated with the incurrence of acquisition related debt under (i) the Facilities Agreement that includes a $20.5 million term loan facility and $7.5 million revolving credit facility and (ii) the Seller Notes. The interest expense associated with such debt approximates $4.4 million for the period from January 1, 2019 through the Acquisition Date.
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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion includes forward-looking statements about our business, financial condition and results of operations, including discussions about management’s expectations for our business. The financial condition, results of operations and cash flows discussed in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations are those of Better Choice Company Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries, collectively, the “Company,” “Better Choice Company,” “we,” “our,” or “us”. These statements represent projections, beliefs, and expectations based on current circumstances and conditions and in light of recent events and trends, and you should not construe these statements either as assurances of performance or as promises of a given course of action. Instead, various known and unknown factors are likely to cause our actual performance and management’s actions to vary, and the results of these variances may be both material and adverse. Accordingly, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect management’s analysis only as of the date hereof. We undertake no obligation to publicly release the results of any revision to these forward-looking statements which may be made to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.
Overview and Outlook
We are a growing animal health and wellness company committed to leading the industry shift toward pet products and services that help dogs and cats live healthier, happier and longer lives. We take an alternative, nutrition-based approach to animal health relative to conventional dog and cat food offerings and position our portfolio of brands to benefit from the mainstream trends of growing pet humanization and consumer focus on health and wellness. We have a demonstrated, multi-decade track record of success selling trusted animal health and wellness products and leverage our established digital footprint to provide pet parents with the knowledge to make informed decision about their pet’s health. We sell the majority of our dog food, cat food and treats under the Halo and TruDog brands, which are focused, respectively, on providing sustainably sourced kibble and canned food derived from real whole meat, and minimally processed raw-diet dog food and treats.
Our diverse product offering has enabled us to penetrate multiple channels of trade, which we believe provides us with broad demographic exposure and appeal. We group these channels of trade into two distinct categories: retail- partner based (“Retail”), which includes the sale of product to e-commerce retailers, pet specialty chains, grocery, mass and distributors, and direct to consumer (“DTC”), which is focused on driving consumers to directly purchase product through our online web platform. With regard to our channels of trade, the online purchase of pet food continues to take market share from brick and mortar retail, with Packaged Facts reporting internet shopping growing from 7% of U.S. pet product sales in 2015 to 22% in 2019. We believe that the trend toward online shopping will continue, and we will continue to reach a growing base of diverse customers through our DTC and e- commerce partner channels. Because our DTC strategy leverages one-on-one customer relationships and utilizes a targeted, data-driven approach to reach customers, we can gather valuable market and consumer behavior data that will allow our brands to be more competitive in the Retail channel. Conversely, we believe Halo’s long-established relationships with key Retail customers will enable us to more effectively launch additional brands in the rapidly evolving retail environment. In addition, Halo has successfully launched into high growth markets in Asia. We intend to build on that success by expanding our products consumer reach through online marketplaces in these markets based on the DTC team experience.
Our marketing strategy is designed to educate consumers about the benefits of our portfolio and build awareness of our products. We deploy a broad set of marketing tools across media, mail and public relations to reach consumers through multiple touch points. Our marketing initiatives include the use of social marketing, social influence marketing, direct response marketing, inbound marketing, email marketing, Search Engine Optimization, Search Engine Marketing, radio, paid media (Facebook, Instagram & YouTube), affiliate marketing, and content marketing, among other proven strategies to generate and convert sales prospects into loyal, satisfied customers. In addition to directly targeting and educating consumers of our products, we partner with a number of online retailers such as Amazon, Chewy, PetSmart and Petco to develop joint sales and marketing initiatives to increase sales and acquire new customers.
Our established supply and distribution infrastructure allow us to develop, manufacture and commercialize new products generally in under 12 weeks. We will continue to deliver innovation to expand our product offerings and improve the health and well-being of pets. We leverage our proprietary behavioral database, customer feedback and analytics capabilities to derive valuable insights and launch new products. We recently launched a line extension of
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our Halo brand to offer vegan alternatives for our customers. In addition to our domestic capabilities, we have partnered with a leading Israeli research and development center, Cannasoul, to create a portfolio of indication- specific intellectual property focused on hemp-derived CBD formulations.
Our experienced management and board members have an established track record across the retail, consumer packaged goods, pet health and wellness industries, and they share a common vision to build the premier provider of health and wellness pet products.
The impact that COVID-19 will have on our results of operations is uncertain. As of October 2020, we have not seen a material decline in sales. We will continue to evaluate the nature and extent of COVID-19’s impact to our business, results of operations, financial condition and liquidity. Our results presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for future periods in 2020 or the full fiscal year.
Management cannot predict the full impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our sourcing, manufacturing and distribution of our products or to economic conditions generally, including the effects on consumer spending. The ultimate extent of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on us is highly uncertain and will depend on future developments, and such effects could exist for an extended period of time even after the pandemic might end.
Fiscal Year End
On May 21, 2019, our board of directors approved a change in fiscal year end from August 31 to December 31 to align with the TruPet fiscal year end. The fiscal year change became effective with our 2019 fiscal year, which begins January 1, 2019 and ends December 31, 2019. Following its acquisition by us, Halo has adopted the same fiscal year end.
Components of Our Results of Operations
Net sales
We sell pet food and related items, including private branded freeze dried and dehydrated raw foods, supplements, dental care products for dogs, and treats and accessories for dogs, cats, and pet parents. We sell our products through pet specialty retailers, online retailers, our online portal directly to our consumers and internationally through domestic distributors. We have a deep portfolio of premium animal health and wellness products for dogs and cats sold under the Halo, TruDog, TruGold, Rawgo! and Orapup brand names across multiple forms and classes, including foods, treats, toppers, dental products, chews, tinctures, grooming products and supplements.
Key factors that affect our future sales growth include: our continued expansion in Retail and other specialty channels, international expansion and our new product introduction. We recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods to the customer in an amount that reflects the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods. We have two categories of revenue channels: Retail, which includes the sale of product to e-commerce retailers, pet specialty chains, grocery, mass and distributors, and DTC, which is focused on driving consumers to directly purchase product through our online web platform.
A significant portion of our revenue is derived from the DTC channel which represents 25% of consolidated revenue; the Retail channel represents 75% of consolidated revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The majority of these sales transactions are single performance obligations that are recorded when control is transferred to the customer. DTC revenue is recognized at the time the order is shipped to the DTC customers. For the majority of Retail customers, we recognize revenue when the product is shipped from our distribution centers, when control transfers. For the remaining customers, we defer revenue based on average shipping times to those customers. We record a revenue reserve based on past return rates to account for customer returns.
For our DTC loyalty program, a portion of revenue is deferred at the time of the sale as points are earned based on the relative stand-alone selling price, and not recognized until the redemption of the loyalty points, which do not expire. We have applied a redemption rate based on historical experience.
Cost of goods sold and Gross profit
Our products are manufactured to our specifications by contracted manufacturing plants using raw materials sourced by our contracted manufacturers. We design our packaging in-house for manufacture by third parties, and packaging is shipped directly to contracted manufacturing plants. We work with our co-manufacturers to secure a supply of raw materials that meet our specifications, such as USA farm-raised beef, GAP 2 certified cage-free whole chicken and
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associated broths, GAP 2 certified cage-free whole turkey and associated broths, MSC certified wild-caught salmon and MSC certified wild-caught whitefish and associated broths, and select non-GMO fruits and vegetables, such as peas, sweet potatoes and lentils. In addition to procuring raw materials that meet our formulation requirements, our contract manufacturers manufacture, test and package our products. In addition, we intend to directly source the hemp derived CBD oils used in our products from select suppliers to ensure product quality and traceability of the ingredient. CBD oils are shipped to our warehouse and forwarded to our contracted manufacturing partners as needed for production.
Cost of goods sold consists primarily of the cost of product obtained from third-party contract manufacturing plants, packaging materials, CBD oils directly sourced by us, inventory freight for shipping product from third-party contract manufacturing plants to our warehouse and third party fulfillment and royalties. We review inventory on hand periodically to identify damages, slow moving inventory, and/or aged inventory. Based on the analysis, we record inventories at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with any reduction in value expensed as cost of goods sold.
We calculate gross profit as net sales, including any shipping revenue collected from our customers, less cost of goods sold. Our gross profit has been and will continue to be affected by a variety of factors, primarily product sales mix including the addition of Halo branded products, volumes sold, discounts offered to Retail customers and our TLC club members, discounts offered to newly acquired and recurring customers, the cost of our manufactured products, and the cost of freight from the manufacturer to our warehouse. Changes in cost of goods sold and gross profit may be driven by the volume and price of our sales, including the extent of discounts offered, variations in the cost of raw materials and the price we pay for our manufactured products and variations in our freight costs.
Operating Expenses
General and administrative expenses include management and office personnel compensation and bonuses, warrant expense, corporate level information technology related costs, rent, travel, professional service fees, costs related to merchant credit card fees, insurance, product development costs, shipping DTC orders to customers and general corporate expenses.
Share-based compensation includes expenses related to stock options and warrants issued to non-employee directors.
Sales and marketing expenses include costs related to compensation for sales personnel, other costs related to the selling platform, as well as marketing, including paid media and content creation expenses. Marketing expenses consist primarily of Facebook and other media ads, and other advertising and marketing costs, all geared towards acquiring new customers and building brand awareness.
Customer service and warehousing costs include the cost of our customer service department, including our in-house call center, and costs associated with warehouse operations, including but not limited to payroll, rent, and warehouse management systems.
Interest expense, net
On November 4, 2019 and December 19, 2019, we issued $2.8 million and $15.0 million, respectively, in aggregate principal amount of subordinated convertible notes. These notes accrue interest payable in kind until maturity or conversion to equity.
On December 19, 2019, we entered into a loan facilities agreement with a private debt lender (the “Facilities Agreement”) that provided for a short term loan facility of $20.5 million and a revolving line of credit not to exceed $7.5 million. The short term loan is scheduled to mature on December 19, 2019 or such earlier date on which a demand is made by the agent or any lender. The revolving line of credit was paid in full with a portion of the proceeds of the ABL facility, discussed below.
On January 13, 2020, we issued $0.6 million in senior subordinated convertible notes to ABG. These notes accrue interest payable in kind until maturity or conversion to equity.
On June 24, 2020, we issued $1.5 million in subordinated convertible promissory notes. These notes accrue interest payable in kind until maturity or conversion to equity.
On July 16, 2020, we received a revolving line of credit in the aggregate amount of $7.5 million from Citizens Business Bank. The proceeds of this ABL Facility were used (i) to repay all principal, interest and fees outstanding under our existing revolving credit facility and (ii) for general corporate purposes. The ABL Facility matures on
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July 5, 2022 and bears interest at a variable rate of LIBOR plus 0.025 basis points, with an interest rate floor of 3.25% per annum. Accrued interest on the ABL Facility is payable monthly commencing on August 5, 2020.
Income Taxes
Our income tax provision consists of an estimate of federal and state income taxes based on enacted federal and state tax rates, as adjusted for any allowable credits, deductions and uncertain tax positions as they arise. We did not record income tax expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 due to the continued losses incurred by us. Prior to the May Acquisitions, TruPet was a limited liability company.
Results of Operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019
Dollars in thousands
2020
2019
Change
%
Net sales
$33,302
$11,567
$21,735
188%
Cost of goods sold
20,567
7,178
13,389
187%
Gross profit
12,735
4,389
8,346
190%
 
 
 
 
 
Operating expenses:
 
 
 
 
General and administrative
23,298
12,031
11,267
94%
Share-based compensation
7,047
6,708
339
5%
Sales and marketing
6,203
8,452
(2,249)
(27)%
Customer service and warehousing
500
854
(354)
(41)%
Total operating expenses
37,048
28,045
9,003
32%
Loss from operations
$(24,313)
$(23,656)
$(657)
3%
Net sales
Net sales increased $21.7 million, or 188%, to $33.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $11.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Net sales include $23.9 million from Halo for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 following the closing of the Halo Acquisition in December 2019. This was partially offset by a $2.2 million decrease for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 in net sales related to TruPet as compared to the comparable prior year period.
Cost of goods sold and Gross profit
Cost of goods sold increased $13.4 million, or 187%, to $20.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $7.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. As a percentage of revenue, cost of goods sold remained consistent at 62% during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, respectively. Cost of goods sold includes $16.3 million of Halo product costs for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 following the closing of the Halo Acquisition in December 2019. In addition, cost of goods sold during the first three quarters of 2020 included $0.9 million of non-cash expense related to the amortization of a purchase accounting adjustment to inventory recorded in connection with the Halo Acquisition. These increases were offset by a comparable decrease in cost of goods sold related to the decrease in TruPet sales.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, gross profit increased $8.3 million, or 190%, to $12.7 million compared to $4.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Gross profit margin remained flat at 38% for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, respectively. Gross profit includes $7.6 million from Halo for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, following the closing of the Halo Acquisition. The Halo line of products for the current period carried a gross profit margin of 32% compared to TruPet’s gross margin of 55%. TruPet products have higher margins as compared to the Halo product line as Halo’s food and pet food topper products have higher costs than the TruPet products. During the first three quarters of 2020, Halo also incurred storage and fulfillment center costs of $0.6 million, an inventory reserve of $0.2 million and product obsolescence costs of $0.2 million due to the nature of Halo’s products.
Operating Expenses
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, general and administrative expenses increased $11.3 million, or 94%, to $23.3 million compared to $12.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. This increase includes expenses of $3.8 million incurred by Halo for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, following the
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closing of the Halo Acquisition. Halo general and administrative expenses include non-cash amortization of $1.2 million related to the trade name and customer relationship intangible assets acquired as part of the Halo acquisition, salaries and wages and related costs of $1.6 million, as well as other costs such as professional and consulting fees, charitable contributions, and other miscellaneous costs. Better Choice general and administrative expenses accounted for the remaining increase, primarily driven by higher warrant expense of $9.6 million, an increase in consulting and other professional fees of $0.5 million, and higher salaries and wages and related costs of $0.9 million as we continued building the infrastructure to support our status as a public company and the expansion of our corporate staff. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in TruPet general and administrative expenses of $3.5 million as compared to the prior year period driven by reductions in compensation costs, professional fees, and outbound shipping costs.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, share-based compensation increased $0.3 million, or 5%, to $7.0 million, as compared to share-based compensation of $6.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increase was driven by $1.0 million related to a catch up of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense, $1.0 million of add-on warrant expense issued to two non-employee directors, and $0.5 million related to restricted shares issued to three non-employee directors, mostly offset by the acceleration of vesting of option awards in connection with the May Acquisitions in the prior year period.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, sales and marketing expenses, including paid media, decreased $2.3 million, or 27%, to $6.2 million from $8.5 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Marketing expenses include $3.1 million incurred by Halo for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, following the closing of the Halo Acquisition in December 2019 and $0.4 million incurred by Bona Vida for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 related to the write off of a prepaid expense associated with a marketing contract that was terminated. TruPet’s sales and marketing expenses decreased from $8.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 to $2.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, customer service and warehousing decreased $0.4 million, or 41%, to $0.5 million, as compared to $0.9 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 due to a reduction in staff and related operating costs.
Interest expense, net
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, interest expense increased $7.1 million to $7.3 million from $0.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Interest expense relates primarily to existing and prior indebtedness including short term loans, lines of credit and subordinated convertible notes.
Income Taxes
No provision has been made for federal and state income taxes prior to the date of the May Acquisitions as the proportionate share of TruPet’s income or loss was included in the personal tax returns of its members as TruPet was a limited liability company. Subsequent to the Acquisitions, we, as a corporation are required to provide for income taxes.
The effective tax rate subsequent to the Acquisitions is 0%. The effective tax rate differs from the U.S. Federal statutory rate of 21% as our reported losses are offset by a valuation allowance due to uncertainty as to the realization of those losses.
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Results of Operations for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019
Dollars in thousands
2020
2019
Change
%
Net sales
$11,135
$3,932
$7,203
183%
Cost of goods sold
6,681
3,096
3,585
116%
Gross profit
4,454
836
3,618
433%
Operating expenses:
 
 
 
 
General and administrative
3,648
4,856
(1,208)
(25)%
Share-based compensation
1,543
2,496
(953)
(38)%
Sales and marketing
2,396
2,856
(460)
(16)%
Customer service and warehousing
148
303
(155)
(51)%
Total operating expenses
7,735
10,511
(2,776)
(26)%
Loss from operations
$(3,281)
$(9,675)
$6,394
(66)%
Net sales
Net sales increased $7.2 million, or 183%, to $11.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $3.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Net sales include $8.0 million from Halo for the three months ended September 30, 2020 following the closing of the Halo Acquisition in December 2019. This was partially offset by a $0.8 million decrease for the three months ended September 30, 2020 in net sales related to TruPet as compared to the comparable prior year period.
Cost of goods sold and Gross profit
Cost of goods sold increased $3.6 million, or 116%, to $6.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $3.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. As a percentage of revenue, cost of goods sold was 60% during the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to 79% for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Cost of goods sold includes $5.3 million of Halo product costs for the three months ended September 30, 2020 following the closing of the Halo Acquisition in December 2019. These increases were offset by a comparable decrease in cost of goods sold related to the decrease in TruPet sales, a reduction in product costs, and lower inventory reserve charges.
During the three months ended September 30, 2020, gross profit increased $3.6 million, or 433%, to $4.5 million compared to $0.8 million during the three months ended September 30, 2019. Gross profit margin increased to 40% for the three months ended September 30, 2020 from 21% for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Gross profit includes $2.7 million from Halo for the three months ended September 30, 2020, following the closing of the Halo Acquisition. The Halo line of products for the current period carried a gross profit margin of 34% compared to TruPet’s margin of 54%. TruPet products have higher margins as compared to the Halo product line as Halo’s food and pet food topper products have higher costs than the TruPet products. Halo also incurred storage and fulfillment center costs of $0.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 due to the nature of Halo’s products.
Operating Expenses
During the three months ended September 30, 2020, general and administrative expenses decreased $1.3 million, or 25%, to $3.6 million compared to $4.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease is primarily driven by a reduction in TruPet general and administrative expenses of $1.1 million consisting primarily of decreases in sales tax expense, partially offset by an increase in professional fees. Better Choice general and administrative expenses accounted for the remaining decrease, driven by lower consulting and professional fees of $1.0 million and lower warrant compensation of $0.4 million. The decrease is offset by $1.2 million of general and administrative expenses incurred by Halo for the three months ended September 30, 2020, following the closing of the Halo Acquisition. Halo general and administrative expenses include non-cash amortization of $0.4 million related to the trade name and customer relationship intangible assets acquired as part of the Halo acquisition, salaries and wages and related costs of $0.5 million, as well as other costs such as professional and consulting fees, charitable contributions, and other miscellaneous costs.
During the three months ended September 30, 2020, share-based compensation decreased $1.0 million, or 38%, to $1.5 million, as compared to share-based compensation of $2.5 million during the three months ended September 30, 2019. The decrease was driven by the acceleration of vesting of option awards in connection with an executive termination in the prior year period.
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During the three months ended September 30, 2020, sales and marketing expenses, including paid media, decreased $0.5 million, or 16%, to $2.4 million from $2.9 million during the three months ended September 30, 2019. Sales and marketing expenses include $1.1 million incurred by Halo for the three months ended September 30, 2020, following the closing of the Halo Acquisition in December 2019 and $0.4 million incurred by Bona Vida for the three months ended September 30, 2020 related to the write off of a prepaid expense associated with a marketing contract that was terminated. TruPet’s sales and marketing expenses decreased from $2.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 to $0.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020.
During the three months ended September 30, 2020, customer service and warehousing decreased $0.2 million, or 51%, to $0.1 million, as compared to $0.3 million during the three months ended September 30, 2019 due to a reduction in staff and related operating costs.
Interest expense, net
During the three months ended September 30, 2020, interest expense increased $2.5 million to $2.5 million from less than $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Interest expense relates primarily to existing and prior indebtedness including short term loans, lines of credit and subordinated convertible notes.
Income Taxes
No provision has been made for federal and state income taxes prior to the date of the May Acquisitions as the proportionate share of TruPet’s income or loss was included in the personal tax returns of its members as TruPet was a limited liability company. Subsequent to the Acquisitions, we, as a corporation are required to provide for income taxes.
The effective tax rate subsequent to the Acquisitions is 0%. The effective tax rate differs from the U.S. Federal statutory rate of 21% as our reported losses are offset by a valuation allowance due to uncertainty as to the realization of those losses.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Since our founding, we have financed our operations primarily through sales of member units while a limited liability company, and since becoming a corporation, through the sales of shares of our common stock, warrants, preferred stock, and loans. On September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, we had cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash of $2.1 million and $2.5 million, respectively.
We are subject to risks common in the pet wellness consumer market including, but not limited to, dependence on key personnel, competitive forces, successful marketing and sale of its products, the successful protection of its proprietary technologies, ability to grow into new markets, and compliance with government regulations. In late 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus (“COVID-19”) began to spread globally. As of November 2020, we have not experienced a significant adverse impact to our business, financial condition or cash flows resulting from the pandemic. However, uncertainties regarding the continued economic impact of COVID-19 are likely to result in sustained market turmoil, which could negatively impact our business, financial condition, and cash flows in the future.
We have incurred losses over the last three years and have an accumulated deficit. We expect to continue to generate operating losses and consume significant cash resources for the foreseeable future. These conditions raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern, meaning that we may be unable to continue operations for the foreseeable future or realize assets and discharge liabilities in the ordinary course of operations. We have implemented and continue to implement plans to achieve cost savings and other strategic objectives to address these conditions. We expect cost savings from consolidation of third-party manufacturers, optimizing shipping and warehousing as well as overhead cost reductions. The business is focused on growing the most profitable channels while reducing investments in areas that are expected to have lower long-term benefits.
If we seek additional financing to fund our business activities in the future and there remains doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern, investors or other financing sources may be unwilling to provide additional funding on commercially reasonable terms or at all. If we are unable to raise the necessary funds when needed or achieve planned cost savings, or other strategic objectives are not achieved, we may not be able to continue our operations, or we could be required to modify our operations that could slow future growth. The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming we will continue as a going concern,
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which contemplates the realization of assets and payments of liabilities in the ordinary course of business. Accordingly, the interim condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of asset carrying amounts or the amount of and classification of liabilities that may result should we be unable to continue as a going concern.
A summary of our cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 is as follows:
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Dollars in thousands
2020
2019
Cash flows (used in) provided by:
 
 
Operating activities
$(4,523)
$(13,224)
Investing activities
(42)
364
Financing activities
4,112
17,915
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash
$(453)
$5,055
Cash flows from Operating Activities
Cash used in operating activities consisted of net loss from operations adjusted for non-cash items such as warrant issuances, share-based compensation expense and depreciation and amortization as well as changes in working capital and other activities.
Cash used in operating activities decreased $8.7 million, or 66%, during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Net loss from operations adjusted for non-cash expenses was $7.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $17.5 million for the comparable prior year period. The improvement was driven by an increase in revenue from the Halo Acquisition and a reduction in sales and marketing and customer services and warehouse expenses. While general and administrative costs increased $11.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the comparable prior year period, a majority of the increase was related to non-cash expenses. As a percentage of revenue, cash expenses from general and administrative activity decreased year over year, reflecting continued optimization and leverage of operating costs as a combined company.
Cash flows from Investing Activities
Cash used in investing activities was less than $0.1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2020. Cash provided by investing activities was $0.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019.The cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 is related to the purchase of property and equipment. The cash flow from investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 is primarily due to cash acquired in the merger, partially offset by cash used to purchase property and equipment.
Cash flows from Financing Activities
Cash provided by financing activities was $4.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to cash provided by financing activities of $17.9 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The cash provided by financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was related to proceeds from the revolving line of credit of $0.3 million, proceeds from the PPP loans of $0.9 million, proceeds of $1.5 million from the June 2020 Notes and $1.5 million related to investor prepayments associated with the issuance of preferred stock, slightly offset by less than $0.1 million in debt issuance costs. Net cash provided by financing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was related to net proceeds from a private placement of $15.8 million and a PIPE warrant exercise of $4.0 million, offset by payments to eliminate the balance due under a cash advance agreement of $1.9 million. We refinanced debt acquired in the merger of $1.6 million with the proceeds from the issuance of new debt of $6.2 million. For details about the terms, covenants and restrictions contained in the Facilities Agreement and the subordinated convertible notes, see "Note 10—Debt" to our interim condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined by applicable regulations of the SEC, that are reasonably likely to have a current or future material effect on our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.
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Critical Accounting Policies
We have identified significant accounting policies that, as a result of the judgments, uncertainties, uniqueness and complexities of the underlying accounting standards and operations involved could result in material changes to its financial condition or results of operations under different conditions or using different assumptions. Our most critical accounting policies are related to revenue recognition, valuation of long-lived and intangible assets, share-based compensation, and the accounting for convertible notes, warrants and business combinations. Details regarding our use of these policies and the related estimates are described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 4, 2020.
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BUSINESS
Better Choice Company is a growing animal health and wellness company committed to leading the industry shift toward pet products and services that help dogs and cats live heathier, happier and longer lives. We take an alternative, nutrition-based approach to animal health relative to conventional dog and cat food offerings, and position our portfolio of brands to benefit from the mainstream trends of growing pet humanization and consumer focus on health and wellness. We have a demonstrated, multi-decade track record of success selling trusted animal health and wellness products, and leverage our established digital footprint to provide pet parents with the knowledge to make informed decision about their pet’s health. We sell the majority of our dog food, cat food and treats under the Halo and TruDog brands, which are focused, respectively, on providing sustainably sourced kibble and canned food derived from real whole meat, and minimally processed raw-diet dog food and treats.
Our diverse product offering has enabled us to penetrate multiple channels of trade, which we believe provides us with broad demographic exposure and appeal. We group these channels of trade into two distinct categories: retail-partner based (“Retail”), which includes the sale of product to e-commerce retailers, pet specialty chains, grocery, mass and distributors, and direct to consumer, (“DTC”), which is focused on driving consumers to directly purchase product through our online web platform. With regard to our channels of trade, the online purchase of pet food continues to take market share from brick and mortar retail, with Packaged Facts reporting internet shopping growing from 7% of U.S. pet product sales in 2015 to 22% in 2019. We believe that the trend toward online shopping will continue, and we will continue to reach a growing base of diverse customers through our DTC and e-commerce partner channels. Because our DTC strategy leverages one-on-one customer relationships and utilizes a targeted, data-driven approach to reach customers, we can gather valuable market and consumer behavior data that will allow our brands to be more competitive in the Retail channel. Conversely, we believe Halo’s long-established relationships with key Retail customers will enable us to more effectively launch additional brands in the rapidly evolving retail environment. In addition, Halo has successfully launched into high growth markets in Asia. We intend to build on that success by expanding our products consumer reach through online marketplaces in these markets based on the DTC team experience.
Our established supply and distribution infrastructure allows us to develop, manufacture and commercialize new products generally in under 12 weeks. We will continue to deliver innovation to expand our product offerings and improve the health and well-being of pets. We leverage our proprietary behavioral database, customer feedback and analytics capabilities to derive valuable insights and launch new products. We recently launched a line extension of our Halo brand to offer vegan alternatives for our customers. In addition to our domestic capabilities, we have partnered with a leading Israeli research and development center, Cannasoul, to create a portfolio of indication-specific intellectual property focused on hemp-derived cannabidiol (“CBD”) formulations.
Our experienced management and board members have an established track record across the retail, consumer packaged goods, pet health and wellness industries, and they share a common vision to build the premier provider of health and wellness pet products.
Product Lines
We have a deep portfolio of premium animal health and wellness products for dogs and cats sold under the Halo, TruDog, TruGold, Rawgo! and Orapup brand names across multiple forms and classes, including foods, treats, toppers, dental products, chews, tinctures, grooming products and supplements. Our products consist of raw-diet dog food and treats, naturally formulated premium kibble and canned dog and cat food, hemp-based CBD soft chews and flavor-infused tinctures, oral care products, supplements and grooming aids. Our core products sold under the TruDog brand are made according to our nutritional philosophy of fresh, meat-based nutrition and minimal processing. Our core products sold under the Halo brand are sustainably sourced, derived from real whole meat and no rendered meat meal and include non-GMO fruits and vegetables.
We offer our customers over 100 active stock keeping units (“SKUs”), and all of our products are sold under the Halo, TruDog, Rawgo!, or Orapup brand name, with ingredients, packaging and labeling customized by SKU.
Supply, Manufacturing and Logistics
Our products sold under the TruDog brand are manufactured and sourced from a variety of third-party and suppliers in both the United States and New Zealand and use healthy, natural ingredients, with all purchases transacted in U.S. dollars. Many products are preserved using either freeze drying or gentle air dehydration to eliminate the need
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for artificial preservatives and added chemicals. Our treats and chews are oven-baked, using natural ingredients for maximum nutrition. TruDog raw dog foods meet The Association of American Feed Control Officials (“AAFCO”) guidelines and are small-batch tested for common contaminants prior to leaving the manufacturer. The proprietary blends of our TruDog line of supplements for dogs are formulated with a focus on using natural ingredients that meet a dog’s unique biological needs.
Our products sold under the Halo brand are made strictly from naturally raised animals on sustainable farms, and are manufactured in the United States. By sourcing cage-free poultry, pasture-raised beef, and wild-caught fish from certified sustainable fisheries and not including meat meals or other animal byproducts in its formulations, Halo is able to provide pets and pet parents with a nutritious and highly digestible suite of food and treats. Halo partners with a number of co-manufacturing partners to produce its products. Like TruDog, Halo’s dog and cat foods meet AAFCO guidelines and are small-batch tested for common contaminants prior to leaving the manufacturer.
We utilize logistics service providers as a part of our supply chain, primarily for shipping and logistics support. Fulfillment of orders for our DTC customers is managed by a third-party logistics partner, and shipped from our warehouse location in Tampa, Florida. The fulfillment of orders from our Retail customers is managed by a third-party warehousing and logistics partner based in Lebanon, Tennessee. Our DTC ecosystem allows us to efficiently manage and customize the online shopping experience for customers, including a customer dashboard where shoppers can manage and track orders and order history. Our products are shipped by trusted carriers for expeditious and reliable delivery. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business and Industry—The COVID-19 pandemic could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition.”
Customers
Approximately 58% and 90%, respectively, of total net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 were generated from e-commerce and direct to consumer sales with roughly 22% and 45%, respectively, of the e-commerce and direct to consumer sales coming from recurring orders. Approximately 89% and 94%, respectively, of total net sales during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 were generated from e-commerce and direct to consumer sales with roughly 46% and 49%, respectively, of the e-commerce and direct to consumer sales for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 coming from recurring orders. We currently sell our direct-to-consumer, or DTC, products on our own website and the e-commerce websites of Amazon, Chewy and Healthy Pets. In addition to our direct-to-consumer customers, we partner with a number of Retail customers, most notably Amazon, Chewy, PetSmart and Petco that purchase our products and sell them to the consumer. In addition, we maintain a number of distribution partners who sell our products internationally, with a current focus on the Asian market.
We also have a loyalty program called the TruDog Love Club (“TLC”). TLC is a membership club where members enjoy certain benefits including auto-shipments, free shipping, VIP access to TruDog’s Happiness Concierge and invitations to secret sales only for TLC members. TLC members also earn reward points with every TLC order, which can be used to purchase TruDog products. Our TLC program generated revenue of $0.4 million and $0.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and approximately $0.5 million and less than $0.1 million for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Recurring revenue related to subscriptions generated approximately $4.2 million and $4.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Recurring revenue related to subscriptions generated approximately $7.0 million and $6.3 million for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Sales and Marketing
Our marketing strategy is designed to educate consumers about the benefits of our portfolio and build awareness of our products. We deploy a broad set of marketing tools across media, mail and public relations to reach consumers through multiple touch points. Our marketing initiatives include the use of social marketing, social influence marketing, direct response marketing, inbound marketing, email marketing, Search Engine Optimization, Search Engine Marketing, radio, paid media (Facebook, Instagram & YouTube), affiliate marketing, and content marketing, among other proven strategies to generate and convert sales prospects into loyal, satisfied customers. In addition to directly targeting and educating consumers of our products, we partner with a number of e-commerce retail partners such as Amazon, Chewy, PetSmart and Petco to develop joint sales and marketing initiatives to increase sales and acquire new customers. Over the last two years, Halo has continued to grow with e-commerce retail partners such as Chewy and Amazon, and has been able to achieve significant online sales growth with a focus on increasing monthly recurring consumer revenue. In early 2018, and concurrent with a refresh of the Halo brand, Halo also launched its products nationally with PetSmart.
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Although our products are currently sold in retail locations in the United States, Canada and Asia, we believe that the traditional retail environment is currently undergoing notable economic change due largely to the global shift in consumer purchasing behaviors—with online shopping/e-commerce sites experiencing rapid growth relative to brick and mortar stores. Given this trend in brick and mortar retail, we have partnered with key e-commerce retailers in our Retail channel and adopted a robust DTC sales model that is anchored by an e-commerce website whereby we educate, sell and ship our various products directly to consumers. Our DTC model has allowed us to drive new consumers directly to our brands and develop a recurring revenue model. In addition, our e-commerce retail partners offer incentives to drive monthly subscriptions, further building on the recurring revenue that we generate from the DTC business.
Competition
The pet health and wellness industry is highly competitive. Competitive factors include product quality, ingredients, brand awareness and loyalty, product variety, product packaging and design, reputation, price, advertising, promotion, and nutritional claims. We believe that we compete effectively with respect to each of these factors.
We compete with manufacturers of conventional pet food such as Mars, Nestlé and Big Heart Pet Brands (part of the J.M. Smucker Company), and manufacturers of specialty and natural pet food such as Blue Buffalo (part of General Mills), Wellness, Fromm, Orijen, Merrick, Stella and Chewy, I and Love and You, and Freshpet. In addition, we compete with many regional niche brands in individual geographic markets.
Within our hemp-derived CBD business, we face fragmented competition due to the infancy of the pet-related CBD market. Given the rapid growth of the U.S. CBD industry, hundreds of companies have entered the market; however, most CBD companies focus on the human CBD market. Our competitors within the pet CBD market include: Therabis, Honest Paws, Charlotte’s Web, Pet Releaf, and Canna-Pet. We anticipate the pet CBD market to continue growing at a rapid rate and believe retaining market share will require increased marketing in addition to maintaining a high level of quality and integrity of product offerings.
Raw Materials and Principal Suppliers
We rely upon the supply of raw materials that meet our specifications, such as USA farm-raised beef, GAP 2 certified cage-free whole chicken and associated broths, GAP 2 certified cage-free whole turkey and associated broths, MSC certified wild-caught salmon and MSC certified wild-caught whitefish and associated broths, and select non-GMO fruits and vegetables, such as peas, sweet potatoes and lentils. If any raw material is adulterated and does not meet our specifications, it could significantly impact our ability to source manufactured products and could materially and adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations
In addition, if we are no longer able to obtain the resources, raw materials or components we need from one or more of our suppliers on terms reasonable to us or at all, including as a result of the increased demand that may be placed on our suppliers as a result of public health epidemics such as COVID-19, our customer relationships could be materially and adversely affected. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business and Industry—The COVID-19 pandemic could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition.”
We rely on C.J. Foods, Inc. (“CJ Foods”) for the supply and co-manufacturing of dry kibble sold under the Halo brand, Simmons Pet Food, Inc. (“Simmons”) for the supply and co-manufacturing of the majority of canned wet food sold under the Halo brand, and Carnivore Meat Company, LLC (“Carnivore”) for the supply and co-manufacturing of freeze-dried food and treats sold under the TruDog brand. Together, CJ Foods, Simmons, and Carnivore represent more than 75% of product volume sold across the Better Choice platform. In the past, we have relied on a single supplier, GenCanna Global USA Inc. (“GenCanna”), for all of our supply of CBD. However, in light of GenCanna’s filing for bankruptcy in February 2020, we intend to utilize spot purchase contracts with other suppliers of CBD as necessary. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business and Industry—We may not be able to manage our manufacturing and supply chain effectively, which may adversely affect our results of operations.” In addition, we sourced approximately 74% and 70% of our inventory purchases from one vendor for the years ended December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
Employees and Human Capital Resources
As of September 30, 2020, we had 55 employees, all of which are full-time employees and in the United States. Our employees are not represented by any labor union or any collective bargaining arrangement with respect to their employment with us. We have never experienced any work stoppages or strikes as a result of labor disputes. We believe that our employee relations are good.
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Our human capital resources objectives include, as applicable, identifying, recruiting, retaining, incentivizing and integrating our existing and additional employees. The principal purposes of our equity incentive plans are to attract, retain and motivate selected employees, consultants and directors through the granting of stock-based compensation awards.
Many of our employees, including members of our management team, have been reporting to work remotely due to the COVID-19 outbreak, which has resulted in the closure of our offices in Florida, Ohio and New York. Our operations or productivity may continue to be impacted throughout the duration of the COVID-19 outbreak and government-mandated closures.
Properties
Our principal place of business is located at 164 East Douglas Road, Oldsmar, FL 34677, which consists of approximately 12,000 square feet of office and warehousing space. We also have a lease at 172 East Douglas Road, Oldsmar, FL 34677, which consists of approximately 6,000 square feet of additional warehouse space. The relevant leases at both locations are scheduled to expire on April 30, 2022. In addition, we have a lease at 4025 Tampa Road, Oldsmar, FL 34677, which consists of approximately 9,200 square feet and houses our customer care center. The relevant lease is scheduled to expire on October 31, 2022.
Before and after the Halo Acquisition, Halo’s principal place of business is located at 12400 Race Track Road, Tampa, FL 33626, which consists of approximately 5,000 square feet of office space. The relevant lease is scheduled to expire on January 31, 2023.
On August 30, 2019, we entered into a membership agreement with WeWork, pursuant to which we lease offices located at 575 Lexington Ave New York, NY 10022 effective as of September 1, 2019. The term of the agreement is for twelve months which shall automatically be renewed for successive one month terms unless terminated by either party. As of March 4, 2020, the membership agreement with WeWork was relocated to 142 West 57th St New York, NY 10019. The Company terminated the agreement with WeWork on December 1, 2020.
On October 1, 2019, we entered into a temporary lease agreement for a 300 square feet office space located at 4555 Lake Forest Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45242.
We do not own any properties or land.
We believe our facilities are adequate and suitable for our current needs and that, should it be needed, suitable additional or alternative space will be available.
Government Regulation
The regulation of animal food products in the United States, including animal foods, chews, oils, and other products containing CBD, is complex, multi-faceted, and currently undergoing significant change. The FDA, the FTC, the USDA and other regulatory authorities at the federal, state and local levels, as well as authorities in foreign countries, extensively regulate, among other things, the research, development, testing, composition, manufacture, import, export, labeling, storage, distribution, promotion, marketing, and post-market reporting of animal foods, including those that contain CBD. We, along with our third-party contractors, are required to navigate a complex regulatory framework in the countries in which we wish to manufacture, test, import, export, or sell our products.
The various federal, state and local regulations regarding animal foods containing CBD are evolving, and we continue to monitor those developments. However, we cannot predict the timing, scope or terms of any new or revised state, federal or local regulations relating to animal foods containing CBD.
Regulation of Hemp and CBD
Historically, the DEA regulated CBD pursuant to the Controlled Substances Act (“CSA”), which establishes a framework of controls over certain substances depending on whether they are classified in one of five risk-based schedules. Schedule I substances are the most stringently controlled, as they have been determined to have a high potential for abuse, there are no currently accepted medical uses in the U.S., and there is a lack of accepted safety for use of the substance under medical supervision. The CSA classifies “marihuana” as a Schedule I controlled substance and previously defined “marihuana” to include all parts of the cannabis plant, whether growing or not; the seeds of the plant; the resin extracted from any part of the plant; and every compound mixture, salt, derivative,
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mixture, or preparation of the plant, its seeds, or its resin (with a few exceptions, such as mature stalks of the plant and seeds incapable of germination). Pursuant to this definition, the DEA interpreted CBD to fall within the statutory definition of “marihuana” as a compound or derivative of the cannabis plant.
In February 2014, Congress enacted the Agricultural Act of 2014 (“2014 Farm Bill”) to allow for the limited growth and cultivation of industrial hemp, which was defined as including all parts of the cannabis plant, whether growing or not, with a delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (“THC”) concentration of not more than 0.3 percent on a dry weight basis. This statute also allowed, as permitted by state law, growing and cultivating industrial hemp under the auspices of a state agricultural pilot program and by institutions of higher education and state departments of agriculture.
In December 2018, Congress enacted the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 (“2018 Farm Bill”) to more broadly allow for the production of hemp pursuant to state and tribal plans overseen by the USDA. The 2018 Farm Bill amended the statutory definition of “marihuana” under the CSA to specifically exclude “hemp,” which is defined as any part of the cannabis plant, including the seeds thereof and all derivatives, extracts, cannabinoids, isomers, acids, salts, and salts of isomers, whether growing or not, with a delta-9 THC concentration of not more than 0.3 percent on a dry weight basis. Under this definition, as long as CBD meets the statutory definition of “hemp,” then it is no longer a Schedule I controlled substance under the CSA. However, the 2018 Farm Bill did not modify the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (“FDCA”) and specifically preserved the FDA’s authority to regulate products containing cannabis or cannabis-derived compounds, such as CBD, pursuant to the FDCA.
Under the 2018 Farm Bill framework, states and Indian tribes may submit to the USDA through the state department of agriculture a plan under which the state or Indian tribe will monitor and regulate the production of industrial hemp. For those states that do not have an approved state plan, the production of hemp will be subject to a USDA-established plan, although states retain the ability to prohibit hemp production within their borders. On October 31, 2019, the USDA issued an interim final rule (the “IFR”) to implement the 2018 Farm Bill, which established the required regulatory framework governing commercial hemp production in the United States. The USDA has begun reviewing hemp production plans submitted by state and tribal governments, although several states have informed the USDA that they will continue to operate under their 2014 Farm Bill pilot programs for the time being. Pursuant to the 2018 Farm Bill, the 2014 Farm Bill was to remain effective until one year after the date of publication of the IFR, or October 31, 2020. In October 2020, the USDA extended the 2014 Farm Bill industrial hemp pilot program until September 30, 2021. In addition, no state or Indian tribe may prohibit the transportation or shipment of hemp or hemp products produced in accordance with the 2018 Farm Bill through the state or territory, as applicable. The USDA has interpreted this provision to also apply to interstate transportation of hemp that complies with the 2014 Farm Bill until its repeal.
FDA Regulation of Animal Foods
The FDA regulates foods, including foods intended for animals, under the FDCA and its implementing regulations. The FDCA defines “food” as articles used for food or drink for man or other animals, which includes products that are intended primarily for nutritional use, taste, or aroma and the components of such products. For animal foods in particular, this definition applies based on their intended use regardless of labelling as animal food, treats, or supplements. The FDA also imposes certain requirements on animal foods relating to their composition, manufacturing, labeling, and marketing. Among other things, the facilities in which our products and ingredients are manufactured must register with the FDA, comply with current good manufacturing practices (“cGMPs”) and comply with a range of food safety requirements.
Although pet foods are not required to obtain premarket approval from the FDA, any substance that is added to or is expected to become a component of a pet food must be used in accordance with a food additive regulation, unless it is generally recognized as safe (“GRAS”) under the conditions of its intended use or if it appears on an FDA-recognized list of acceptable animal food ingredients in the Official Publication of AAFCO. A food may be adulterated if it uses an ingredient that is neither GRAS nor an approved food additive, and that food may not be legally marketed in the United States. FDA has confirmed that the use of cannabis or cannabis-derived compounds in animal food products is subject to these food additive requirements. At this time, there are no approved food additive petitions or regulations for any cannabis-derived food additive, and while the FDA has issued a “no questions” response to certain GRAS notifications for hemp seed products, these GRAS determinations do not encompass hemp and CBD products more generally.
Additionally, the FDCA prohibits the introduction or delivery for introduction into interstate commerce of any food that contains an approved drug for which substantial clinical investigations have been instituted and made public
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(unless certain exceptions apply). Under this prohibition, the FDA has stated that animal foods containing CBD are adulterated because CBD is an active ingredient in an FDA-approved drug that was the subject of substantial clinical investigations before it was marketed as a food, and that none of the exceptions apply.
Although the FDA has stated that it interprets the FDCA to prohibit the introduction or delivery for introduction into interstate commerce of any animal food to which CBD has been added and has taken enforcement action against marketers of certain CBD products (some in collaboration with the FTC), the FDA is in the process of evaluating its regulatory approach to products containing cannabis and cannabis-derived compounds. The FDA has formed an internal working group to evaluate the issue and on May 31, 2019 held a public hearing to obtain scientific data and information about the safety, manufacturing, product quality, marketing, labeling, and sale of products containing cannabis or cannabis-derived compounds. The hearing featured extensive discussion from a variety of stakeholders regarding the use of hemp and CBD in FDA-regulated products, including pet foods. At the hearing, FDA stated that while it does not have a policy of enforcement discretion with respect to any CBD products, the agency’s biggest concern is the marketing of products that put the health and safety of consumers at risk, such as those claiming to prevent, diagnose, mitigate, treat, or cure serious diseases in the absence of requisite drug approvals.
Further, on March 5, 2020, the FDA issued a report to Congress required under the 2018 Farm Bill in which the agency announced that it is currently evaluating a risk-based enforcement policy for CBD to provide more clarity to industry and the public while the agency takes potential steps to establish a clear regulatory pathway. Although it is unclear whether or when the FDA will ultimately issue such an enforcement policy, the agency reemphasized that it will continue to take action against unlawful CBD products that pose a risk of harm to the public, including products with therapeutic claims; products that include contaminants such as heavy metals, THC, and other harmful substances; products associated with false statements, such as omitted ingredients and incorrect statements about the about of CBD; and products marketed to vulnerable populations, such as infants and children.
The labeling of pet foods is regulated by both the FDA and state regulatory authorities. FDA regulations require proper identification of the product, a net quantity statement, a statement of the name and place of business of the manufacturer or distributor and proper listing of all the ingredients in order of predominance by weight. The FDA also considers certain specific claims on pet food labels to be medical claims and therefore subject to prior review and approval by the FDA. For example, pet food products that are labeled or marketed with claims that may suggest that they are intended to treat or prevent a specific disease in pets would potentially meet the statutory definitions of both a food and a drug. The FDA recently issued guidance containing a list of specific factors it will consider in determining whether to initiate enforcement action against such products if they do not comply with the regulatory requirements applicable to drugs, including, among other things, whether the product is only made available through or under the direction of a veterinarian and does not present a known safety risk when used as labeled. The FDA may classify some of our products differently than we do and may impose more stringent regulations which could lead to possible enforcement action.
Under the FDCA, the FDA may require the recall of an animal food product if there is a reasonable probability that the product is adulterated or misbranded, and the use of or exposure to the product will cause serious adverse health consequences or death. In addition, pet food manufacturers may voluntarily recall or withdraw their products from the market. If the FDA believes that our products are adulterated, misbranded or otherwise marketed in violation of the FDCA, the agency make take further enforcement action, including:
restrictions on the marketing or manufacturing of a product;
required modification of promotional materials or issuance of corrective marketing information;
issuance of safety alerts, press releases, or other communications containing warnings or other safety information about a product;
warning or untitled letters;
product seizure or detention;
refusal to permit the import or export of products;
fines, injunctions, or consent decrees; and
imposition of civil or criminal penalties.
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Our Trademarks and Other Intellectual Property
We believe that our intellectual property has substantial value and has contributed significantly to the success of our business. Our trademarks are valuable assets that reinforce our brand, our sub-brands and our consumers’ perception of our products. The current registrations of these trademarks in the U.S. and foreign countries are effective for varying periods of time and may be renewed periodically, provided that we, as the registered owner, or our licensees where applicable, comply with all applicable renewal requirements including, where necessary, the continued use of the trademarks in connection with the goods or services identified in the applicable registrations. In addition to trademark protection, we have registered more than 100 domain names, including www.trupet.com, www.trudog.com, www.rawgo.com, www.halopets.com, www.orapup.com and www.bonavida.com, that are important to the successful implementation of our marketing and advertising strategy. We rely on and carefully protect unpatented proprietary expertise, recipes and formulations, continuing innovation and other trade secrets to develop and maintain our competitive position.
In April 2019, we entered into an intellectual property license with Elvis Presley Enterprises, LLC, pursuant to which we licensed the image, likeness, and persona of Elvis Presley and an associated trademark (“Houndog”) for use in the United States and Canada (subject to a territorial restriction in the geographical area surrounding Memphis, Tennessee) in connection with the advertisement, promotion and sale, via approved distribution channels, of certain of our CBD-infused animal health and wellness products. In January 2020, we terminated the agreement with no further obligations under the agreement.
Legal Proceedings
From time to time, we may become involved in various lawsuits and legal proceedings, which arise in the ordinary course of business. However, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties, and an adverse result in these or other matters may arise from time to time that may harm our business. We are currently not aware of any such legal proceedings or claims that we believe will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or operating results.
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MANAGEMENT
Board of Directors and Executive Officers
The following table sets forth as of September 30, 2020, the names and positions of our executive officers and directors serving as of such date. Directors will be elected at our annual meeting of stockholders and serve for one year or until their successors are elected and qualify. Officers are elected by the Board and their terms of office are, except to the extent governed by employment contract, at the discretion of the Board.
Name
Age
Position
Director
Since
Werner von Pein
80
Chief Executive Officer
n/a
Sharla Cook
40
Chief Financial Officer
n/a
Donna Bowden
49
Executive Vice President
n/a
Anthony Santarsiero
37
Executive Vice President
n/a
Robert Sauermann
28
Executive Vice President
n/a
Michael Young
41
Chairman of the Board of Directors
2019
Michael Close
60
Director
2020
Damian Dalla-Longa
36
Director and Executive Vice President
2019
Jeff D. Davis
59
Director
2019
Clinton Gee
56
Director
2020
Lori Taylor
51
Director
2019
John M. Word III
71
Director
2020
Werner von Pein. Mr. von Pein has served as our Chief Executive Officer since February 2020. Prior to that, Mr. von Pein was President and Chief Executive Officer of Halo, which became a subsidiary of the Company following its acquisition in December 2019. Prior to Halo, Mr. von Pein was the Chief Executive Officer of Three Dog Bakery, a U.S. based pet treats and toys/accessories business. In addition to his experience at Halo and Three Dog Bakery, Mr. von Pein also served as the Executive Vice President of Global Operations and New Ventures at Beefeaters, a manufacturer and seller of dog treats and wellness products. Beyond his significant experience in the pet industry, Mr. von Pein has held various leadership positions at a number of consumer branded businesses, most notably as the Chief Executive Officer of Lavazza-North America. Mr. von Pein also has significant foundational experience from his time at Rexall Sundown, Kraft and Procter and Gamble, where he worked on brands such as Nabisco Brands, Hebrew National, Gain, Cheer, Life Savers and Planters. Mr. von Pein holds a Master of Business Administration from Xavier University and a Bachelor of Science in Chemical Engineering from the University of Rochester.
Sharla Cook. Sharla Cook was appointed as our Chief Financial Officer in October 2020 after having served as Vice President, Finance and Accounting since May 2020. Prior to joining the Company, Ms. Cook served as Vice President, Accounting, and Corporate Controller at InvestRes from May 2019 until April 2020. Prior to that, Ms. Cook was Corporate Controller at Checkers Drive-In Restaurants, Inc. from December 2015 until April 2019 and prior to that, Senior Director of SEC Reporting at Syniverse Technologies, Inc. Ms. Cook is a Certified Public Accountant in the state of Florida and holds a Bachelor of Science in Accounting from Southeastern University.
Donna Bowden. Ms. Bowden joined Better Choice Company in December 2019, concurrent with the acquisition of Halo, and currently serves as the Executive Vice President of Operations for Better Choice. Ms. Bowden oversees operations for both the Halo and TruPet brands. Ms. Bowden joined the Halo team in 2010 and advanced to the position of Vice President of Operations prior to the acquisition. Ms. Bowden has extensive experience in operations in the consumer products industry, beginning her career as a packaging engineer with Colgate Palmolive, and moving into production planning and contract manufacturing coordination. Ms. Bowden is a graduate of Michigan State University and holds a degree in Packaging Engineering.
Anthony Santarsiero. Mr. Santarsiero has served as Executive Vice President of Sales since October 2020. Prior, Mr. Santarserio served as President and Chief Operating Officer since May 2019. Mr. Santarsiero was formerly the President of TruPet, LLC, where he was responsible for overseeing the company’s financials and day-to-day operations since January 2014. Prior to his time at TruPet, LLC, Mr. Santarsiero founded RV Genie and RV Clear Price, online platforms designed to assist private parties, dealerships, manufacturers and suppliers navigate the RV industry and interact directly with consumers, where he served as President since January 2013. Mr. Santarsiero
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has also served as Sales and Marketing Manager at GSI Inc. from May 2013 to March 2014, International Sales Manager and Director of E-Commerce Platform at BriteLyt Inc. from May 2013 to March 2014, Sales Manager and Business Manager at Dimmitt Automotive Group from June 2012 to August 2013 and was founder and Chief Executive Officer of Terra Paws from January 2010 and May 2012.
Robert Sauermann. Mr. Sauermann joined Better Choice Company in December 2019, concurrent with the acquisition of Halo, and currently serves as the Executive Vice President of Strategy & Finance for Better Choice. Prior to joining the Halo team full-time in October 2019 as its Chief Strategy Officer, Mr. Sauermann served as an Investment Professional at Pegasus Capital Advisors. In that role, he also served on the board of Halo from 2017 through 2019, and led the successful restructuring and sale of the company to Better Choice. While at Pegasus, he deployed approximately $100 million of growth equity capital across various sectors, with a particular focus on animal health and wellness focused investments. Mr. Sauermann previously served on the boards of Organix Recycling, National Strategies, and currently serves on the board of SGV International. Mr. Sauermann began his career at Credit Suisse in New York. Mr. Sauermann is a graduate of Harvard College and holds a degree in Economics and Earth and Planetary Science.
Michael Young. Mr. Young has served as our Chairman since December 2019. Mr. Young is a founding partner of Cottingham Capital, an investment company focused on real estate and technology investment, where he has served as Managing Partner since its inception in January 2017. Prior to January 2017, Mr. Young served as the Managing Director and Co-Head of Trading of GMP Securities, L.P., a Canadian investment bank. Mr. Young currently serves on the boards of Aerues Inc., an anti-microbial copper coating technology company, and XIB I Capital Corp., a capital pool company, and was previously on the boards of Nuuvera Corp. and ICC Labs. Mr. Young holds a diploma in Finance from George Brown College. We believe Mr. Young’s qualifications to serve as a director of our Company include his extensive senior level executive management and trading experience in the Canadian and U.S. capital markets and his experience on other public company boards of directors.
Michael Close. Mr. Close has served as a director of the Company since January 2020. Mr. Close is the Chief Executive Officer of CHOICE Administrators where he is responsible for two health insurance programs: A multi-carrier private health insurance exchange, CaliforniaChoice, and the nation’s first ancillary benefits exchange, ChoiceBuilder. Mr. Close previously served as the Chief Operating Officer for The Word & Brown Companies where he oversaw information technology, marketing, and strategic business development. He worked closely with the business units to ensure strategic alignment between corporate short-term and long-term strategic goals. Mr. Close was previously President of Quotit Corp and HealthCompare, two national health insurance distribution platforms, before their acquisition by National General Holdings Corp. in early 2017. He was also President of CONEXIS, a leading benefits administration company, before its acquisition by WageWorks in 2014. Mr. Close joined The Word & Brown Companies in 2003. His professional background makes him uniquely suited to lead CHOICE Administrators. He has an impressive career spanning more than 35 years in employee benefits and health care. Prior to joining The Word & Brown Companies, he held senior executive positions with Health Net of California and American Specialty Health. Mr. Close earned his Bachelor of Arts in Marketing from Ohio State University. We believe Mr. Close’s qualifications to serve as a director of our Company include a strong background in strategic planning, operational effectiveness, sales, distribution and organizational development.
Damian M. Dalla-Longa. Mr. Dalla-Longa joined Better Choice Company in May 2019, concurrent with the acquisition of Bona Vida, and currently serves as our Executive Vice President of Capital Markets & Corporate Development. Previously, Mr. Dalla-Longa served as our Chief Executive Officer and served as the Chief Executive Officer of Bona Vida, Inc. from October 2018 until its acquisition by the Company. Mr. Dalla-Longa is a Partner at Albaron Partners, a private equity fund focused on acquiring and operating medical practices and other healthcare businesses, where he has served since August 2017. Prior to August 2017, Mr. Dalla-Longa served as a Sector Head at Magnetar Capital, a privately owned hedge fund sponsor, and an Investment Analyst at King Street Capital Management, a global investment management company. Mr. Dalla-Longa holds a Bachelor of Science in Economics from the University of Pennsylvania and a Master of Business Administration from the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania. We believe Mr. Dalla-Longa’s qualifications to serve as a director of our Company include his experience investing in, and operating, commodity-related and consumer-facing business and his institutional knowledge of the animal health and wellness space within the hemp-derived CBD industry.
Jeff D. Davis. Mr. Davis has served as a director of the Company since March 2019. Mr. Davis founded Molio Inc., a venture-backed, creative and media analytics agency, where he has served as Chief Executive Officer since February 2015. Prior to founding Molio Inc., Mr. Davis served as director and Chief Executive Officer of Orabrush
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Inc., a recognized Google e-commerce startup business focused on YouTube advertising for oral care products. Mr. Davis has also served in a variety of leadership positions at Procter & Gamble in 5 different countries over 20 years, where he spent time in numerous product sectors including consumer-packaged goods, pharmaceuticals and beauty. Mr. Davis holds a Bachelor of Science in Marketing and a Bachelor of Arts in German from the University of Utah. We believe Mr. Davis’s qualifications to serve as a director of our Company include skills and expertise in sales, marketing and general management, innovation and brand-building, strategic planning, digital DTC and e-commerce advertising, organizational effectiveness, global “big company” and entrepreneurial “startup” businesses, as well as a global network of business relationships.
Clinton Gee. Mr. Gee has served as a director of the Company since January 2020. Mr. Gee has been the Chief Financial Officer for all of The Word and Brown Companies (the Word & Brown General Agency, CHOICE Administrators, and California Rx Card Program) since June of 2006. In addition, Mr. Gee oversees Information Technology, Human Resources, Security & Compliance, Legal, Marketing, and Strategic Business Development. Mr. Gee also is a Certified Public Accountant and a Licensed Life and Health Agent in California. Before joining The Word and Brown Companies, he worked as Vice President of Finance and Vice President of Sales for Nationwide Insurance Companies; Vice President of Finance, Vice President of Operations, and Vice President and Controller at CalFarm Insurance Company; Vice President of Finance for Foundation Health Plans. In addition, he worked as an Audit Manager for KPMG where he managed audits of various manufacturing, retail and distribution customers. Mr. Gee holds a Bachelor of Science in Accounting and Computer Science from California State University, Chico. We believe Mr. Gee’s qualifications to serve as a director of our Company include his financial and operational acumen and his relationships with financial institutions.
Lori R. Taylor. Ms. Taylor founded TruPet, LLC, a direct to consumer dog food and supplement company, where she served as its Chief Executive Officer from August 2013 to April 2019. Ms. Taylor also founded RevMedia Marketing LLC, a full-service marketing consultation and product innovation firm, and has served as its Chief Executive Officer since April 2009. From February 1922 to March 2009, Ms. Taylor served as Senior Account Director at RR Donnelley, the largest direct marketer in the United States, during which time she managed direct marketing activity for Fortune 50 accounts, including Proctor and Gamble and was instrumental in the launch of national brands including Tide, Crest White Strips, Charmin, Puffs, and IAMS. Ms. Taylor’s accolades include being named a Forbes Top 50 Social Media Power Influencer in 2012 and a Forbes Top 20 Female Social Media Influencer in 2013. During her time at RR Donnelley, Ms. Taylor also won the Direct Marketing Association’s prestigious Gold, Silver, and Bronze Awards. Ms. Taylor holds a Bachelor of Arts in Marketing and a Bachelor of Science in Business Logistics from the University of Missouri. We believe Ms. Taylor’s qualifications to serve as a director of our Company include her marketing expertise, direct response acumen entrepreneurial experience. Ms. Taylor holds a Bachelor of Arts in Marketing and a Bachelor of Science in Business Logistics from the University of Missouri.
John M. Word III. Mr. Word has served as a director of the Company since January 2020. Mr. Word founded the Word & Brown General Agency in 1984 to market and distribute health plans through California’s huge brokerage community; by 1986, the company was recognized as the largest independent small group health distributor in the nation. That same year, the company launched the nation’s first COBRA administration operation, sensing that employers needed assistance and qualified support with federal COBRA laws. CaliforniaChoice®, a groundbreaking enterprise empowering small business employees to select from multiple health plans within one program, was launched in 1996. Mr. Word’s professional credentials include Chartered Life Underwriter (CLU), Registered Health Underwriter (RHU), and Registered Employee Benefits Consultant (REBC). He has served as President of the California Association of Health Underwriters (CAHU), President of the Orange County Association of Health Underwriters (OCAHU), and Chairman of the National Association of Health Underwriters (NAHU) Leading Producers Roundtable program. Mr. Word holds a Bachelor of Science in Marketing and Finance from William Jewell College in Liberty, MO. We believe Mr. Word’s qualifications to serve as a director of our Company include his background in running successful organizations, understanding of consumer needs and marketing to those needs. Mr. Word holds a Bachelor of Science in Marketing and Finance from William Jewel College in Liberty, MO.
Board of Directors
The number of members of our board of directors will be determined from time to time by resolution of the board of directors. Currently, our board of directors consists of seven persons. Our directors hold office until the earlier of their death, resignation, retirement, disqualification or removal or until their successors have been duly elected and qualified.
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Committees of the Board
We have an audit committee, a compensation committee and a nominating and governance committee. Each such committee of the board of directors has or will have the composition and responsibilities described below.
Audit Committee
The audit committee assists the board in overseeing our accounting and financial reporting processes and the audits of our financial statements. The audit committee’s responsibilities include, among other matters: appointing, approving the compensation of, and assessing the independence of our registered public accounting firm; overseeing the work of our registered public accounting firm, including through the receipt and consideration of reports from such firm; reviewing and discussing with management and the registered public accounting firm our annual and quarterly financial statements and related disclosures; coordinating our board of directors’ oversight of our internal control over financial reporting, disclosure controls and procedures; discussing our risk management policies; meeting independently with our internal auditing staff, if any, registered public accounting firm and management; reviewing and approving or ratifying any related person transactions; and preparing the audit committee report required by the SEC.
We have a separately-standing audit committee, whose members are Messrs. Young, Gee and Davis, with Mr. Young serving as chairperson of this committee. Our Board has determined that each of Messrs. Young, Gee and Davis is independent under the applicable independence standards of Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act applicable to audit committee members. In addition, our Board has determined that Clinton Gee, who was appointed to the Board in January 2020, qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert” as defined by Item 407(d)(5)(ii) of Regulation S-K.
Compensation Committee
The compensation committee’s responsibilities include, among other matters: reviewing and approving, or recommending for approval by the board of directors, the compensation of our Chief Executive Officer and our other executive officers; overseeing and administering our cash and equity incentive plans; reviewing and making recommendations to our board of directors with respect to director compensation; reviewing and discussing annually with management our “Compensation Discussion and Analysis,” to the extent required; reviewing and discussing the voting recommendations of our stockholders on matters involving executive compensation, to the extent required; and preparing the annual compensation committee report required by SEC rules, to the extent required.
The members of our compensation committee are Messrs. Close, Young and Davis, and Mr. Close serves as chairman of this committee.
Nominating and Governance Committee
The nominating and corporate governance committee’s responsibilities include, among other matters: identifying individuals qualified to become board of directors members; recommending to our board of directors the persons to be nominated for election as directors and to each board committee; developing and recommending to our board of directors corporate governance guidelines, and reviewing and recommending to our board of directors proposed changes to our corporate governance guidelines from time to time; and overseeing a periodic evaluation of our board of directors.
The members of our nominating and corporate governance committee are Messrs. Gee, Young and Davis, and Mr. Davis serves as chairperson of this committee.
Family Relationships
There are no family relationships among any of our executive officers or directors.
Risk Oversight
Our audit committee is responsible for overseeing our risk management process. Our audit committee focuses on our general risk management policies and strategy, the most significant risks facing us, and oversees the implementation of risk mitigation strategies by management. Our board of directors is also apprised of particular risk management matters in connection with its general oversight and approval of corporate matters and significant transactions.
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Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
None of our executive officers serves as a member of the board of directors or compensation committee (or other committee performing equivalent functions) of any entity that has one or more executive officers serving on our board of directors or compensation committee.
Code of Ethics and Code of Conduct
Our securities are not listed on a national securities exchange, and we are, therefore, not required and do not have a written code of business conduct and ethics that applies to our directors, officers and employees, including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller or persons performing similar functions. Our management promotes honest and ethical conduct, full and fair disclosure in our reports to the SEC, and compliance with applicable governmental laws and regulations.
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EXECUTIVE AND DIRECTOR COMPENSATION
The following is a discussion and analysis of the compensation arrangements for our named executive officers, or NEOs. We are currently considered a “smaller reporting company” for purposes of the SEC’s executive compensation disclosure rules. In accordance with such rules, we are providing a Summary Compensation Table and an Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End Table as well as narrative disclosures regarding our executive compensation program. For 2019, our named executive officers were Damian Dalla-Longa our Chief Executive Officer, Andreas Schulmeyer our Chief Financial Officer, Anthony Santarsiero our President and Chief Operating Officer, Lori Taylor our former Co-Chief Executive Officer and David Lelong our former President, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer.
Summary Compensation Table
The following table sets forth information with respect to compensation earned by our named executive officers for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, as applicable.
Name and
Principal Position
Year(1)
Salary
($)
Bonus
($)
Stock
Awards
($)
Option
Awards
($)(2)
Non-Equity
Incentive Plan
Compensation
($)
All Other
Compensation
($)
Total
Damian Dalla-Longa(3)
Chief Executive Officer
2019
$192,857
$100,000
$600,000
$3,572,699
$0
$0
$4,465,556
Andreas Schulmeyer(4)
Chief Financial Officer
2019
$105,769
$0
$0
$1,877,285
$0
$37,011
$2,020,065
Anthony Santarsiero(5)
President and Chief
Operating Officer
2019
$166,047
25,000
$0
$3,077,101
$0
$5,740
$3,273,888
Lori Taylor(6)
Former Co-Chief
Executive Officer
2019
$139,615
155,000
$0
$3,424,828
$0
$414,237
$4,133,680
David Lelong(7)
Former President,
CEO and CFO
2019
$156,000
$0
$0
$0
$0
$29,982
$185,982
2018
$96,000
$0
$0
$154,983
$0
$0
$250,983
(1)
Messrs. Dalla-Longa and Santarsiero and Ms. Taylor each commenced employment with us in May 2019. Mr. Schulmeyer was appointed as our Chief Financial Officer in June 2019 and commenced employment with us in July 2019.
(2)
The value in this column reflects the aggregate grant date fair value of the stock option award and the incremental value due to the repricing on December 19, 2019 as computed in accordance with ASC Topic 718. Information regarding the valuation assumptions used in the calculations are included in “Note 15 – Stockholders’ deficit” to our audited consolidated financial statements included in this prospectus.
(3)
Mr. Dalla-Longa received (i) a signing bonus of $100,000 as per his employment contract with Better Choice, and (ii) an award of 100,000 shares in lieu of the change of control payment contained in his Bona Vida employment contract. On February 5, 2020, Mr. Dalla-Longa resigned as our Chief Executive Officer and was simultaneously appointed to Executive Vice President, Corporate Development.
(4)
Mr. Schulmeyer received (i) $32,876 in compensation for work prior to joining the Company and (ii) $4,135 in matching 401(k) payments. On May 8, 2020, we entered into an agreement with Mr. Schulmeyer pursuant to which he resigned as our Chief Financial Officer effective on May 22, 2020.
(5)
Mr. Santarsiero received (i) a signing bonus of $25,000 as per his employment contract and (ii) $5,740 in matching 401(k) payments.
(6)
Ms. Taylor ceased serving as our co-Chief Executive Officer on September 13, 2019 and her employment with us terminated as of November 12, 2019. She received (i) a sign on bonus of $155,000 as per her employment contract, (ii) $14,000 in car allowance payments, (iii) $300,000 of severance pay, (iv) $70,567 of insurance payments, and (v)$29,670 as a consultant to TruPet.
(7)
Mr. Lelong ceased serving as our Chief Executive Officer on March 14, 2019 and as our President and Chief Financial Officer on May 28, 2019. Salary includes $124,000 in accrued compensation. Mr. Lelong received $5,982 in interest on accrued salary payments and $24,000 as a contractor.
Employment Agreements
NEOs other than David Lelong
We entered into employment agreements with Mr. Dalla-Longa, Ms. Taylor and Mr. Santarsiero effective as of May 6, 2019 and an employment agreement with Mr. Schulmeyer effective as of July 29, 2019 (each such employment agreements, an “NEO Employment Agreement”). Each NEO Employment Agreement has an initial two-year term
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commencing on the applicable effective date and, unless earlier terminated by us or the executive, automatically renews for successive two-year terms. Pursuant to each NEO Employment Agreement, the executive’s base salary is subject to review each year at the sole discretion of the compensation committee. Each executive is also eligible to earn an annual cash performance bonus as determined by the board, but in an amount no less than 25% of such executive’s base salary, prorated for any partial year of service.
Pursuant to the NEO Employment Agreement, in the event the executive is terminated by the Company without “cause” or resigns for “good reason” (each, as defined in the NEO Employment Agreement), the executive will be eligible to receive: (i) any accrued but unpaid base salary for services rendered to the date of termination and any accrued but unpaid expenses required to be reimbursed under such employment agreement, (ii) severance equal to 12 months of executive’s base salary paid in the form of continuing installments on the Company’s ordinary payroll schedule; (iii) a lump sum payment equal to the executive’s target bonus for the year of termination, prorated to the date of such termination; (iv) three months from the date of termination to exercise all vested stock options held by the executive as of the date of such termination; (v) three months from the date of termination to exercise all vested stock options held by the executive as of the date of termination (but in no event beyond the original expiration date); (v) for all executives other than Mr. Schulmeyer, accelerated vesting of all equity awards and for Mr. Schulmeyer, continued vesting of the equity awards during the 12 month period following the date of termination; and (vi) fringe benefits and perquisites consistent with the practices of the Company up to 12 months following the termination date. In the event the executive is terminated due to death or disability, he or she (or executive’s legally appointed guardian) will be eligible to receive: (i) any accrued but unpaid base salary for services rendered to the date of termination and any accrued but unpaid expenses required to be reimbursed under such employment agreement; (ii) a lump sum payment equal to executive’s target bonus for the year of termination, prorated to the date of such termination; and (iii) 12 months from the date of termination to exercise all vested stock options held by the executive as of the date of termination (but in no event beyond the original expiration date). The receipt of the foregoing described severance payment and benefits is subject to the executive’s continued compliance with all of his obligations to the Company, including under the executive’s confidential information and non-compete agreements with the Company, and the executive’s execution and delivery of a release of claims against the Company.
The NEO Employment Agreements also contain standard confidentiality, non-competition and non-solicitation covenants.
For purposes of the NEO Employment Agreement:
“cause” means (i) executive is convicted of, or pleads guilty or nolo contendere to, a felony related to our business; (ii) executive, in carrying out his duties hereunder, has acted with gross negligence or intentional misconduct resulting, in any case, in material harm to us; (iii) executive misappropriates Company funds or otherwise defrauds us including a material amount of money or property; (iv) executive breaches his fiduciary duty to the Company resulting in material profit to him, directly or indirectly; (v) executive materially breaches any agreement with the Company and fails to cure such breach within 10 days of receipt of notice, unless the act is incapable of being cured; (vi) executive breaches any non-compete or confidential information provision of the NEO Employment Agreement; (vii) executive becomes subject to a preliminary or permanent injunction issued by a United States District Court enjoining executive from violating any securities law administered or regulated by the SEC; (viii) executive becomes subject to a cease and desist order or other order issued by the SEC after an opportunity for a hearing; (ix) executive refuses to carry out a resolution adopted by the board of directors at a meeting in which executive was offered a reasonable opportunity to argue that the resolution should not be adopted; or (x) executive abuses alcohol or drugs in a manner that interferes with the successful performance of executive’s duties;
“good reason” means any one or more of the following: (i) a material diminution in executive’s authority, duties or responsibilities due to no fault of executive other than temporarily while executive is physically or mentally incapacitated or as required by applicable law; (ii) we require executive to change his principal business office to a location that is greater than 20 miles from executive’s current office, (iii) a change in the executive’s overall compensation or bonus structure such that the executive’s overall compensation is materially diminished; or (iv) any other action or inaction that constitutes a material breach by us under the NEO Employment Agreement.
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David Lelong
On February 2, 2019, the Company and Mr. Lelong entered into a six month employment agreement (the “Lelong Employment Agreement”). Under the terms of the Lelong Employment Agreement, Mr. Lelong received a salary of $8,000 per month for his services. Additionally, beginning on the effective date of the Lelong Employment Agreement and every 30 days thereafter, the Company paid Mr. Lelong the lesser of (i) $19,333, or (ii) the remaining balance of accrued salary owed to Mr. Lelong. Interest on any accrued salary amount remaining owed to Mr. Lelong accrued monthly at a rate of 18% per annum. As of December 31, 2018, we owed Mr. Lelong $124,000 in accrued salary. Such amount has since been paid to Mr. Lelong in installments with the last payment being remitted to Mr. Lelong on August 9, 2019. Mr. Lelong resigned from his position as CEO on March 4, 2019 and President and CFO on May 28, 2019.
The Lelong Employment Agreement provided for severance benefits for certain terminations that arise prior to and following a change of control of the Company (as such term is defined in the Lelong Employment Agreement). Upon a termination without cause, resignation for good reason, (as such terms are defined in the Lelong Employment Agreement), subject to his execution and non-revocation of a general release of claims, Mr. Lelong would have been entitled to (i) a payment equal to 12 months of his base salary (or 18 months if the termination occurs following a change of control) (ii) acceleration of the vesting of all outstanding equity awards granted pursuant to the Company’s equity incentive plan, and (iii) continued benefits, including health insurance for Mr. Lelong and his spouse for a period of six months (or 18 months if the termination occurs following a change of control) following the termination date. Additionally, in the event of a change of control, Mr. Lelong would have been entitled to receive 100% of his target bonus, if any, for such fiscal year.
For purposes of the Lelong Employment Agreement:
“cause” means (i) executive is convicted of, or pleads guilty or nolo contendere to, a felony related to our business; (ii) executive, in carrying out his duties hereunder, has acted with gross negligence or intentional misconduct resulting, in any case, in material harm to us; (iii) executive misappropriates Company funds or otherwise defrauds us including a material amount of money or property; (iv) executive breaches his fiduciary duty to the Company resulting in material profit to him, directly or indirectly; (v) executive materially breaches any agreement with the Company and fails to cure such breach within 10 days of receipt of notice, unless the act is incapable of being cured; (vi) executive breaches any non-compete or confidential information provision of the Lelong Employment Agreement; (vii) executive becomes subject to a preliminary or permanent injunction issued by a United States District Court enjoining executive from violating any securities law administered or regulated by the SEC; (viii) executive becomes subject to a cease and desist order or other order issued by the SEC after an opportunity for a hearing; (ix) executive refuses to carry out a resolution adopted by the board of directors at a meeting in which executive was offered a reasonable opportunity to argue that the resolution should not be adopted; or (x) executive abuses alcohol or drugs in a manner that interferes with the successful performance of his duties;
“change of control” has the same meaning given to such term in Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-3(i)(5); and
“good reason” means any one or more of the following: (i) a material diminution in executive’s authority, duties or responsibilities due to no fault of executive other than temporarily while executive is physically or mentally incapacitated or as required by applicable law; (ii) we require executive to change his principal business office to a location other than the New York, New York metropolitan area, or (iii) any other action or inaction that constitutes a material breach by us under the Lelong Employment Agreement.
Mr. Lelong was not entitled to any severance benefits in connection with his resignation in 2019.
Resignation Agreement of Ms. Taylor
Ms. Taylor resigned as Co-Chief Executive Officer of the Company effective as of September 13, 2019 and her employment with us terminated as of November 12, 2019. Upon her resignation, the Company also entered into a separation agreement (the “Separation Agreement”) with Ms. Taylor. Following her resignation, Ms. Taylor continued to serve as a member of the board of directors of the Company.
Pursuant to the Separation Agreement, Ms. Taylor received the following benefits, subject to her execution of a general release of claims and her continued compliance with the restrictive covenants set forth in her NEO Employment Agreement, (i) continued payment of her base salary during the 12 month period following her
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termination of employment, (ii) continued payment of healthcare benefits during the 24 month period following her termination of employment and (iii) full acceleration of her outstanding stock options and such stock options will not expire until May 2, 2029.
Executive Compensation Components
2019 Salaries
The named executive officers receive a base salary to provide a fixed component of compensation reflecting the executive’s skill set, experience, role and responsibilities. For 2019, our board of directors established an annual base salary for each of our NEOs as follows:
Named Executive Officer
Annual
Base Salary
Damian Dalla-Longa
$300,000
Andreas Schulmeyer
$250,000
Anthony Santarsiero
$250,000
Lori Taylor
$300,000
David Lelong
$64,000
2019 Bonuses
Mr. Dalla-Longa, Ms. Taylor and Mr. Santarsiero each received a signing bonus of $100,000, $155,000 and $25,000, respectively, payable in a cash lump sum upon the execution of their respective NEO Employment Agreement. No annual bonuses were paid to any named executive officers for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019.
Equity Compensation
The goals of our long-term, equity-based incentive awards are to align the interests of our named executive officers and other employees, nonemployee directors and consultants with the interests of our stockholders. Because vesting is based on continued employment, our equity-based incentives also encourage the retention of our named executive officers through the vesting period of the awards.
Prior to the completion of the May Acquisitions, execution of employment agreements and granting of awards under the 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2019 Plan”), we engaged Willis Towers Watson (“WTW”) to evaluate executive compensation packages for all of our senior employees. This included an evaluation of salary and equity award levels, among other items. The analysis completed by WTW was performed to benchmark our company alongside public-market industry peers in order to design an appropriate market-standard compensation plan for our use.
To reward and retain our named executive officers in a manner that best aligns employees’ interests with stockholders’ interests, we use stock options as the primary incentive vehicles for long-term compensation. We believe that stock options are an effective tool for meeting our compensation goal of increasing long-term stockholder value by tying the value of the stock options to our future performance. The exercise price of each stock option grant is the fair market value of our common stock on the grant date, as determined by our board of directors from time to time.
On December 31, 2018, Mr. Lelong received an equity award in the form of 19,231 stock options that vest in quarterly installments over a one-year period beginning on January 1, 2019, subject to Mr. Lelong’s continuous service with the Company through the vesting date(s). These stock options fully vested as part of the May Acquisitions.
On May 2, 2019, Mr. Dalla-Longa, Ms. Taylor and Mr. Santarsiero were granted 1,200,000, 1,150,000 and 1,000,000 stock options, respectively. Mr. Santarsiero was granted an additional 100,000 options on December 19, 2019. Mr. Schulmeyer was granted 500,000 options on June 29, 2019, 100,000 options of August 30, 2019, 250,000 options on December 11, 2019 and 20,371 options on December 31, 2019. In each case, the stock options vest and become exercisable monthly over 2 years in equal installments of 1/24 each month, subject to the executive’s continuous service with the Company through the vesting date(s). The stock options will be accelerated upon a termination without cause or for good reason within two years following a change in control (as defined under our 2019 Incentive Award Plan).
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On May 6, 2019 Mr. Dalla-Longa waived the change of control payment provided for in his employment agreement with Bona Vida of $500,000 and received a grant of 100,000 shares of Better Choice Common Stock instead.
Other Elements of Compensation
Retirement Plans. We currently maintain a 401(k) retirement savings plan that allows eligible employees to contribute a portion of their compensation, within limits prescribed by the Internal Revenue Code, on a pre-tax basis through contributions to the plan. Our named executive officers are eligible to participate in the 401(k) plan. We believe that providing a vehicle for tax-deferred retirement savings through our 401(k) plan adds to the overall desirability of our executive compensation package and further incentivizes our named executive officers in accordance with our compensation policies. The Company provides an employer matching contribution of 100% up to 3% of compensation and 50% matching of contributions above that level to a maximum of 5% of compensation under our 401(k) plan.
Employee Benefits and Perquisites. All of our full-time employees, including our named executive officers, are eligible to participate in our employee benefit plans and programs, including medical, dental, and vision benefits, health spending accounts, and long-term disability and life insurance, to the same extent as our other full-time employees, subject to the terms and eligibility requirements of those plans. During the term of Ms. Taylor’s NEO Employment Agreement, we paid Ms. Taylor a monthly car allowance of $2,000 per month.
Termination and Change in Control Benefits
Our named executive officers may become entitled to certain benefits or enhanced benefits in connection with certain qualifying terminations of employment and/or a change in control of our Company. Each of our named executive officers’ employment agreements entitles them to severance in the event of their termination without cause or their resignation for good reason (and, for our named executive officers other than Mr. Lelong, upon termination by reason of death or disability). In addition, each named executive officer is entitled to accelerated vesting of all outstanding equity awards upon his or her termination without cause or their resignation for good reason within two years following a change in control of our Company. For additional discussion, please see “Employment Agreements” above.
Repricing of Stock Options
Effective as of December 19, 2019, the board of directors repriced all outstanding options to purchase Common Stock issued pursuant to the Amended and Restated 2019 Incentive Award Plan (the “2019 Amended Plan”) including options held by our named executive officers. As a result, the exercise price of all 2019 Amended Plan options outstanding as of December 19, 2019 was lowered to $1.82 per share, the closing price of the Company’s common stock on December 19, 2019. No other terms of the stock options were changed.
Effective October 1, 2020, all outstanding stock option awards under the 2019 Equity Incentive Plan held by current employees as of October 1, 2020 were repriced concurrent with the closing of the Company’s Series F Private Placement. In total, 6,077,731 stock options were repriced. The exercise price was set at a 20% premium to the Series F conversion price, or $0.60 per share. No other terms of the stock options were changed.
The board of directors effectuated the repricing, in each case, to realign the value of the stock options with their intended purpose, which is to retain and motivate the holders of the stock options to continue to work in the best interests of the Company. Prior to the repricing, many of the stock options had exercise prices well above the then recent market prices of our common stock. The stock options were repriced unilaterally and the consent of holders was neither necessary nor obtained.
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Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End
The following table sets forth outstanding stock option awards held by our named executive officers at December 31, 2019. None of our named executive officers hold stock awards.
 
Option Awards
Name
Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Options (#)
Exercisable
Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Options (#)
Unexercisable
Equity Incentive
Plan Awards:
Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Unearned
Options (#)
Option
Exercise
Price ($)
Option
Expiration
Date
David Lelong
19,231
(a)
$6.76
12/21/23
Anthony Santarsiero
333,333
(b)
766,667
1.82
various
Andreas Schulmeyer
141,666
(c)
728,705
various
various
Damian Dalla-Longa
400,000
(d)
800,000
1.82
5/2/2029
Lori Taylor
1,150,000
(e)
1.82
5/2/2029
(a)
Options fully vested upon the consummation of the May Acquisitions.
(b)
Options vest on a monthly basis over a two year period (1/24 of award per month). Mr. Santarsiero’s options were issued at various times during the year.
1,000,000 options were issued at $5.00 per share on May 2, 2019 and repriced to $1.82 per share on December 19, 2019;
100,000 options were issued at $1.82 per share on December 19, 2019.
(c)
Options vest on a monthly basis over a two year period (1/24 of award per month). Mr. Schulmeyer’s options were issued at various times during the year.
500,000 options were issued at $6.35 per share on June 29, 2019 and repriced to $1.82 per share on December 19, 2019;
100,000 options were issued at $3.90 per share on August 30, 2019 and repriced to $1.82 per share on December 19, 2019;
250,000 options were issued at $1.94 per share on December 11, 2019 and repriced to $1.82 per share on December 19, 2019; and
20,371 options were issued at $2.70 per share on December 31, 2019.
(d)
Options vest on a monthly basis over a two year period (1/24 of award per month). The options were issued at $5.00 per share on May 2, 2019 and repriced to $1.82 per share on December 19, 2019.
(e)
Options fully vested on November 12, 2019 as per the Separation Agreement by and between the Company and Ms. Taylor. The options were issued at $5.00 per share on May 2, 2019 and repriced to $1.82 per share on December 19, 2019.
Director Compensation Table
The following table sets forth compensation information for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 for our nonemployee directors (other than Ms. Taylor whose compensation is shown above under “Summary Compensation Table”).
Name
Fees Earned or
Paid in Cash
Stock
Awards
Option
Awards
Non-equity
Incentive Plan
Compensation
All Other
Compensation
Total
Compensation
Michael Young
$32,534
$N/A
$1,488,624
$   
$   
$1,521,158
Jeff Davis
32,534
N/A
1,488,624
 
 
1,521,158
Michael Galego
32,534
N/A
1,488,624
 
15,534(a)
1,536,692
(a)
Cash compensation as director of Bona Vida prorated from January 1, 2019 to May 5, 2019.
The table below shows the aggregate numbers of option awards (exercisable and unexercisable) held as of December 31, 2019 by each nonemployee director who was serving as of December 31, 2019 (other than Ms. Taylor whose awards are shown above under “Outstanding Equity Awards at Year End”).
Name
Options Outstanding at
Fiscal Year End
Michael Galego
500,000
Michael Young
519,231
Jeff Davis
500,000
Non-executive directors received quarterly director fees of $12,500 in 2019. Director fees from May 5, 2019 through June 30, 2019 were prorated. Upon joining the Board, the directors were awarded 500,000 options, each with a strike price of $5.00 per share. These options were repriced on December 19, 2019 to reflect a strike price of $1.82 per share.
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SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDERS AND MANAGEMENT
The following table sets forth information about the beneficial ownership of our capital stock by (i) each of our current directors, (ii) each of our named executive officers (iii) all our current directors and executive officers as a group, and (iv) each person or group known by us to own more than 5% of our common stock. The percentages reflect beneficial ownership, as determined in accordance with the SEC’s rules, as of November 17, 2020, and are based on 49,185,860 shares of common stock outstanding. Except as noted below, the address for all beneficial owners in the table below is 164 Douglas Road E, Oldsmar, FL 34677.
 
Amount and Nature of
Beneficial Ownership(1)
% of Total
Voting Power
 
Common Stock
%
 
Name of Beneficial Owner
 
 
 
Holders of More than 5%
 
 
 
Navy Capital Green Fund LP(2)
575 Lexington Avenue, 4th Floor
New York, NY 10022
2,636,533
5.4%
 5.3%
Thriving Paws LLC(3)
750 E Main Street, Suite 600
Stamford, CT 06902
3,642,452
7.4%
7.2%
HH-Halo LP(4)
2200 Ross Avenue, 50th Floor
Dallas, TX 75201
3,801,158
7.7%
7.2%
Edward J. Brown Jr TTEE(5)
20 Boulder View
Irvine, CA 92603
22,666,907
46.1%
31.9%
Cavalry Fund LP(6)
61 Kinderkamack Rd.
Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677
17,167,746
34.9%
26.1%
James Frank Allan(7)
127 S. Ocean Rd.
New Providence, Bahamas
8,977,890
18.3%
15.5%
Filipp Chebotarev(8)
1900 Main St, Suite 375
Irvine, CA 92614
6,402,896
13.0%
11.7%
Xuesong Wu(9)
610 Newport Center Drive, Suite 1260
Newport Beach, CA 92660
3,505,874
7.1%
6.7%
Directors and Executive Officers
 
 
 
Werner von Pein(10)
216,425
0.4%
0.4%
Anthony Santarserio(11)
1,880,542
3.8%
3.8%
Donna Bowden(12)
90,000
0.2%
0.2%
Robert Sauermann(13)
575,995
1.2%
1.2%
Sharla Cook(14)
40,000
0.1%
0.1%
Damian Dalla-Longa(15)
2,839,891
5.8%
5.7%
Michael Young(16)
6,033,013
12.3%
11.2%
John M. Word III(17)
32,048,732
65.2%
42.0%
Michael Close(18)
1,150,000
2.3%
2.3%
Clinton Gee(19)
1,150,000
2.3%
2.3%
Jeff Davis(20)
416,666
0.8%
0.8%
Lori Taylor(21)
8,082,027
16.4%
15.7%
All directors and executive officers as a group
(12 persons)(22)
54,523,290
111.0%
85.6%
*
Represents beneficial ownership of less than 1%
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(1)
Beneficial ownership of shares and percentage ownership are determined in accordance with the SEC’s rules. In calculating the number of shares beneficially owned by an individual or entity and the percentage ownership of that individual or entity, shares underlying options, warrants or restricted stock units held by that individual or entity that are either currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days from the date hereof are deemed outstanding. These shares, however, are not deemed outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other individual or entity. Unless otherwise indicated and subject to community property laws where applicable, the individuals and entities named in the table above have sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares of our common stock shown as beneficially owned by them.
(2)
Includes (i) 2,482,687 shares of common stock and (ii) 153,846 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020. Navy Capital Green Management, LLC (“Navy Management”) is the investment advisor of Navy Capital Green Fund LP (“Green Fund”) and consequently has voting control and investment discretion over securities held by Green Fund. Mr. Sean Stiefel, Chief Executive Officer of Navy Management has voting control over Green Fund. As a result of the foregoing, each of Mr. Sean Stiefel and Navy Management may be deemed to have beneficial ownership (as determined under Section 13(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) of the shares of common stock beneficially owned by Green Fund.
(3)
Includes (i) 1,884,989 shares of common stock, (ii) 1,450,469 shares of common stock underlying subordinated convertible notes exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020, and (iii) 306,994 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020. Thriving Paws, LLC (“Thriving Paws”) is controlled by Pegasus Partners III, L.P. (“PP III”). PP III is managed by Pegasus Capital Advisors III, L.P. (“PCA III”), which is controlled, indirectly, by Craig Cogut. As a result of the foregoing, each of Mr. Cogut, PCA III and PP III may be deemed to have beneficial ownership (as determined under Section 13(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) of the shares of common stock beneficially owned by Thriving Paws.
(4)
Includes (i) 232,976 shares of common stock, (ii) 2,944,891 shares of common stock underlying subordinated convertible notes exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (iii) 623,291 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020. Thomas O. Hicks is the managing member of HEP Partners LLC, which is the investment manager of HH-Halo LP (“HH-Halo”), and consequently has voting control and investment discretion over securities held by HH-Halo. Mack H. Hicks is the manager of HH-Halo GP LLC, which is the general partner of HH-Halo GP LP, the general partner of HH-Halo. As a result of the foregoing, each of Thomas O. Hicks and Mack H. Hicks may be deemed to have beneficial ownership (as determined under Section 13(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) of the shares of common stock beneficially owned by HH-Halo. Each of Thomas O. Hicks and Mack H. Hicks disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares.
(5)
Includes (i) 699,999 shares of common stock, (ii) 1,461,408 shares of common stock underlying subordinated convertible notes exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020, (iii) 10,505,500 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (iv) 10,000,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020. Edward Brown may be deemed to have beneficial ownership of such shares.
(6)
Includes (i) 503,641 shares of common stock, (ii) 8,664,105 shares of our common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (iii) 8,000,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020. Thomas Walsh is the managing member of Cavalry Fund LP (“Cavalry”), and consequently has voting control and investment discretion over securities held by Cavalry. As a result of the foregoing, Thomas Walsh may be deemed to have beneficial ownership of the shares of common stock beneficially owned by Cavalry.
(7)
Includes (i) 182,692 shares of common stock held by Roundtable Growth Fund, (ii) 264,744 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by Roundtable Growth Fund, (iii) 25,000 shares of common stock held by Roundtable Growth Fund Ltd., (iv) 25,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by Roundtable Growth Fund Ltd., (v) 80,454 shares of common stock held by James Allan, (vi) 4,200,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by James Allan and (vii) 4,200,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by James Allan. Roundtable Growth Fund and Roundtable Growth Fund Ltd. are managed by James Allan, who may be deemed to have beneficial ownership.
(8)
Includes (i) 483,011 shares of common stock held by CSPG TP Holdings LLC, (ii) 1,230,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by CSPG TP Holdings LLC, (iii) 1,230,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by CSPG TP Holdings LLC, (iv) 459,885 shares of common stock held by Cambridge SPG IRA Fund, (v) 1,500,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by Cambridge SPG IRA Fund and (vi) 1,500,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by Cambridge SPG IRA Fund. CSPG TP Holdings LLC and Cambridge SPG IRA Fund are managed by Filipp Chebotarev, who may be deemed to have beneficial ownership.
(9)
Includes (i) 505,874 shares of common stock held by Everplus F&B Fund LLC, (ii) 800,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by Everplus F&B Fund LLC, (iii) 800,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by Everplus F&B Fund LLC, (iv) 700,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by Everplus Capital LLC and (v) 700,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by Everplus Capital LLC. Everplus F&B Fund LLC and Everplus Capital LLC are managed by Xuesong Yu, who may be deemed to have beneficial ownership.
(10)
Includes (i) 16,425 shares of common stock and (ii) 200,000 shares of common stock underlying options exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(11)
Includes (i) 957,209 shares of common stock, (ii) 883,333 shares of common stock underlying options exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020, (iii) 20,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (iv) 20,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(12)
Includes (i) 50,000 shares of common stock underlying options exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020, (ii) 20,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (iii) 20,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(13)
Includes (i) 133,334 shares of common stock underlying options exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020, (ii) 35,446 shares of common stock underlying subordinated convertible notes exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020, (iii) 207,215 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (iv) 200,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(14)
Includes (i) 20,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (ii) 20,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
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(15)
Includes (i) 1,759,891 shares of common stock, (ii) 1,000,000 shares of common stock underlying options exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020, (iii) 40,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (iv) 40,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(16)
Includes (i) 1,046,281 shares of common stock, (ii) 435,897 shares of common stock underlying options exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020, (iii) 2,325,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020, (iv) 2,000,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (v) 225,835 shares of common stock held by Cottingham Capital Partners LLC, which is managed by Mr. Young.
(17)
Includes (i) 4,906,824 shares of common stock, (ii) 1,461,408 shares of common stock underlying subordinated convertible notes exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020, and (iii) 15,680,500 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (iv) 10,000,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(18)
Includes (i) 150,000 shares of common stock, (ii) 800,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (iii) 200,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(19)
Includes (i) 150,000 shares of common stock, (ii) 800,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (iii) 200,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(20)
Includes 416,666 shares of common stock underlying options exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(21)
Includes (i) 5,632,027 shares of common stock held directly by Blue Sky Holdings Trust which are beneficially owned by Lori Taylor, (ii) 1,150,000 shares of common stock underlying options exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held directly by Ms. Taylor, and (iii) 1,300,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held directly by Ms. Taylor. Ms. Taylor is the trustee, compliance officer, and protector of Blue Sky Holdings Trust.
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SELLING STOCKHOLDERS
This prospectus covers shares of our common stock issuable upon conversion of our Series F Preferred Stock and warrants issued in the Series F Private Placement and certain other financing transactions consummated in 2019 and 2020 disclosed elsewhere in this prospectus.
When we refer to the selling stockholders in this prospectus, we mean those persons listed in the table below, as well as the permitted transferees, pledgees, donees, assignees, successors and others who later come to hold any of the selling stockholders’ interests other than through a public sale.
The selling stockholders may from time to time offer and sell pursuant to this prospectus any or all of the shares of common stock set forth in the following table. There is no requirement for the selling stockholders to sell their shares, and we do not know when, or if, or in what amount the selling stockholders may offer the securities for sale pursuant to this prospectus.
The table below has been prepared based upon the information furnished to us by the selling stockholders as of November 17, 2020. The selling stockholders identified below may have sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of some or all of their shares since the date on which the information in the following table is presented in transactions exempt from or not subject to the registration requirements of the Securities Act. Information concerning the selling stockholders may change from time to time and, if necessary, we will supplement this prospectus accordingly. We cannot give an estimate as to whether the selling stockholders will in fact sell any or all of their shares of common stock.
To our knowledge and except as noted below or elsewhere in this prospectus, none of the selling stockholders has, or within the past three years has had, any material relationship with us or any of our affiliates.
 
Beneficial Ownership
Prior to Registration
Shares Registered Pursuant to
this Prospectus (Maximum
Number that May be Sold)
Beneficial Ownership after
Registration Assuming All
Shares are Sold
 
Shares
%
Shares
%
Selling Stockholders
 
 
 
 
 
Holders of More than 5%
 
 
 
 
 
Edward J Brown Jr. TTEE(1)
22,666,907
31.9%
20,000,000
Cavalry Fund LP(2)
17,167,746
26.1%
16,153,846
James Frank Allan(3)
8,977,890
15.5%
8,400,000
Filipp Chebotarev(4)
6,402,896
11.7%
5,460,000
Xuesong Wu(5)
3,505,874
6.7%
3,000,000
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors and Executive Officers
 
 
 
 
 
Anthony Santarsiero(6)
1,880,542
3.8%
40,000
883,333
1.8%
Donna Bowden(7)
90,000
*
40,000
50,000
*
Robert Sauermann(8)
575,995
1.2%
400,000
133,333
*
Sharla Cook(9)
40,000
*
40,000
Damian Dalla-Longa(10)
2,839,891
5.6%
80,000
1,000,000
2.0%
Michael Young(11)
6,033,013
11.1%
4,000,000
435,897
*
John M. Word III(12)
32,048,732
42.0%
20,000,000
150,000
*
Michael Close(13)
1,150,000
2.3%
400,000
150,000
*
Clinton Gee(14)
1,150,000
2.3%
400,000
150,000
*
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Selling Stockholders
 
 
 
 
 
Glen Gibbons(15)
1,941,097
3.8%
1,392,060
Richard Feldman(16)
188,000
*
48,000
Mark Photoglou(17)
1,200,000
2.4%
1,200,000
Daniel Crenshaw(18)
320,000
*
320,000
Kimberly Word(19)
52,000
*
52,000
Jessica Word(20)
58,200
*
58,200
Jarrod Word(21)
60,000
*
60,000
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Beneficial Ownership
Prior to Registration
Shares Registered Pursuant to
this Prospectus (Maximum
Number that May be Sold)
Beneficial Ownership after
Registration Assuming All
Shares are Sold
 
Shares
%
Shares
%
David Montalvo(22)
4,000
*
4,000
Richard Schefer(23)
1,000,000
2.0%
1,000,000
Brian Freifeld(24)
600,000
1.2%
600,000
Reuben Taub(25)
400,000
*
400,000
Matthew B. Silvers(26)
400,000
*
400,000
Jon Andrew Gordon(27)
200,000
*
200,000
Feivel Gottleib(28)
120,000
*
120,000
Everett A Sheslow(29)
192,000
*
192,000
Samuel Lobell(30)
40,000
*
40,000
Nicole J. Lopez(31)
600,000
1.2%
600,000
Mario de Tomasi(32)
400,000
*
400,000
Justin M. Turner(33)
760,000
1.5%
760,000
David Henry Miller(34)
400,000
*
400,000
Stuart Wollach(35)
200,000
*
200,000
Gregory Genske(36)
240,000
*
240,000
Jason DeAngelo(37)
80,000
*
80,000
Joseph Stanovich(38)
80,000
*
80,000
Irene Trujillo Garcia(39)
60,000
*
60,000
Michael Neligan(40)
40,000
*
40,000
Alan Uryniak(41)
102,567
*
102,567
*
Represents beneficial ownership of less than 1%
(1)
Includes (i) 699,999 shares of common stock, (ii) 1,461,408 shares of common stock underlying subordinated convertible notes exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020, (iii) 10,505,500 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (iv) 10,000,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020. Edward Brown may be deemed to have beneficial ownership (as determined under Section 13(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) of such shares.
(2)
Includes (i) 503,641 shares of common stock, (ii) 8,664,105 shares of our common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (iii) 8,000,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020. Thomas Walsh is the managing member of Cavalry Fund LP (“Cavalry”), and consequently has voting control and investment discretion over securities held by Cavalry. As a result of the foregoing, Thomas Walsh may be deemed to have beneficial ownership of the shares of common stock beneficially owned by Cavalry.
(3)
Includes (i) 182,692 shares of common stock held by Roundtable Growth Fund, (ii) 264,744 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by Roundtable Growth Fund, (iii) 25,000 shares of common stock held by Roundtable Growth Fund Ltd., (iv) 25,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by Roundtable Growth Fund Ltd., (v) 80,454 shares of common stock held by James Allan, (vi) 4,200,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by James Allan and (vii) 4,200,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by James Allan. Roundtable Growth Fund and Roundtable Growth Fund Ltd. are managed by James Allan, who may be deemed to have beneficial ownership.
(4)
Includes (i) 483,011 shares of common stock held by CSPG TP Holdings LLC, (ii) 1,230,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by CSPG TP Holdings LLC, (iii) 1,230,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by CSPG TP Holdings LLC, (iv) 459,885 shares of common stock held by Cambridge SPG IRA Fund, (v) 1,500,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by Cambridge SPG IRA Fund and (vi) 1,500,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by Cambridge SPG IRA Fund. CSPG TP Holdings LLC and Cambridge SPG IRA Fund are managed by Filipp Chebotarev, who may be deemed to have beneficial ownership.
(5)
Includes (i) 505,874 shares of common stock held by Everplus F&B Fund LLC, (ii) 800,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by Everplus F&B Fund LLC, (iii) 800,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by Everplus F&B Fund LLC, (iv) 700,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by Everplus Capital LLC and (v) 700,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by Everplus Capital LLC. Everplus F&B Fund LLC and Everplus Capital LLC are managed by Xuesong Yu, who may be deemed to have beneficial ownership.
(6)
Includes (i) 957,209 shares of common stock, (ii) 883,333 shares of common stock underlying options exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020, (iii) 20,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (iv) 20,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
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(7)
Includes (i) 50,000 shares of common stock underlying options exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020, (ii) 20,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (iii) 20,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(8)
Includes (i) 133,334 shares of common stock underlying options exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020, (ii) 35,446 shares of common stock underlying subordinated convertible notes exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020, (iii) 207,215 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (iv) 200,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(9)
Includes (i) 20,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (ii) 20,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(10)
Includes (i) 1,759,891 shares of common stock, (ii) 1,000,000 shares of common stock underlying options exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020, (iii) 40,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (iv) 40,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(11)
Includes (i) 1,046,281 shares of common stock, (ii) 435,897 shares of common stock underlying options exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020, (iii) 2,325,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020, (iv) 2,000,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (v) 225,835 shares of common stock held by Cottingham Capital Partners LLC, which is managed by Mr. Young.
(12)
Includes (i) 4,906,824 shares of common stock, (ii) 1,461,408 shares of common stock underlying subordinated convertible notes exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020, (iii) 15,680,500 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (iv) 10,000,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(13)
Includes (i) 150,000 shares of common stock, (ii) 800,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (iii) 200,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(14)
Includes (i) 150,000 shares of common stock, (ii) 800,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (iii) 200,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(15)
Includes (i) 411,426 shares of common stock, (ii) 696,030 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020, (iii) 696,030 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (iv) 137,611 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by Caravel CAD Fund Ltd. Caravel CAD Fund Ltd. is managed by Mr. Gibbons, who may be deemed to have beneficial ownership.
(16)
Includes (i) 70,000 shares of common stock, (ii) 94,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (iii) 24,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020, all held by Wilkins Heights Capital Management, LLC. Wilkins Heights Capital Management, LLC is managed by Richard Feldman, who may be deemed to have beneficial ownership.
(17)
Includes (i) 600,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (ii) 600,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(18)
Includes (i) 160,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (ii) 160,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(19)
Includes (i) 26,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (ii) 26,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(20)
Includes (i) 29,100 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (ii) 29,100 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(21)
Includes (i) 30,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (ii) 30,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(22)
Includes (i) 2,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (ii) 2,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(23)
Includes (i) 500,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (ii) 500,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(24)
Includes (i) 300,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (ii) 300,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020, held by Platinum Point Capital LLC. Platinum Point Capital LLC is managed by Brian Freifeld, who may be deemed to have beneficial ownership.
(25)
Includes (i) 200,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (ii) 200,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(26)
Includes (i) 200,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (ii) 200,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(27)
Includes (i) 100,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (ii) 100,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(28)
Includes (i) 60,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (ii) 60,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(29)
Includes (i) 50,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by Everett A. Sheslow (ii) 50,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by Everett A. Sheslow, (iii) 26,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by Everett A. Sheslow Trust (iv) 26,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by Everett A. Sheslow Trust, (v) 20,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by EA Sheslow, Inc. and (vi) 20,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020 held by EA Sheslow, Inc. Mr. Sheslow is the trustee of Everett A. Sheslow Trust. EA Sheslow, Inc. is managed by Mr. Sheslow, who may be deemed to have beneficial ownership.
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(30)
Includes (i) 20,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (ii) 20,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(31)
Includes (i) 300,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (ii) 300,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020, all held by Samwise Ventures LLC. Samwise Ventures LLC is managed by Nicole Lopez, who may be deemed to have beneficial ownership.
(32)
Includes (i) 200,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (ii) 200,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020, all held by Simar Holdings Corp. Simar Holdings Corp. is managed by Mario De Tomasi, who may be deemed to have beneficial ownership.
(33)
Includes (i) 360,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (ii) 400,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(34)
Includes (i) 200,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (ii) 200,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020, all held by Access Asia Limited. Access Asia Limited is managed by David Miller, who may be deemed to have beneficial ownership.
(35)
Includes (i) 100,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (ii) 100,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(36)
Includes (i) 140,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (ii) 100,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(37)
Includes (i) 40,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (ii) 40,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(38)
Includes (i) 40,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (ii) 40,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(39)
Includes (i) 30,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (ii) 30,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(40)
Includes (i) 20,000 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020 and (ii) 20,000 shares of common stock underlying preferred stock convertible within 60 days of November 17, 2020.
(41)
Includes (i) 25,641 shares of common stock and (ii) 76,926 shares of common stock underlying warrants exercisable within 60 days of November 17, 2020, all held by Red Diamond Partners LLC. Red Diamond Partners LLC is managed by Alan Uryniak, who may be deemed to have beneficial ownership.
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CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
During the period beginning on January 1, 2019 to the date of this prospectus, we have entered into or participated in the following transactions with related persons:
Loans from Former CEO
During the years ended August 31, 2017 and 2018, the Company received loans in the aggregate amount of $231,000 and $35,500, respectively, from David Lelong, our former President, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer. The Company recorded imputed interest in the amount of $2,011 during the year ended August 31, 2017 related to the advances from Mr. Lelong. During the year ended August 31, 2018, the Company received loans in the aggregate amount of $35,500 from Mr. Lelong, and accrued interest in the amount $2,291. The Company also repaid to Mr. Lelong principal and interest in the amounts of $266,500 and $4,302, respectively. As of the date of this prospectus, the loans have been fully repaid and there are no amounts due to Mr. Lelong under the loans.
During the year ended August 31, 2018, the Company paid salary to Mr. Lelong in the amount of $76,000, and accrued an additional $20,000 in salary payable. At August 31, 2018, the amount of accrued salary payable to Mr. Lelong was $140,000. During the four-month transition period ended December 31, 2018, the Company paid salary to Mr. Lelong in the amount of $32,000 and paid accrued salary in the amount of $16,000. As of the date of this prospectus, the accrued salary has been fully paid and there is no accrued salary due to Mr. Lelong.
Security Issuances
TruPet Acquisition
In connection with the TruPet acquisition, on May 6, 2019, we issued an aggregate of 15,027,533 shares of common stock to new investors and certain of our directors and executive officers in exchange for all remaining outstanding membership interests of TruPet. See “Summary—Acquisitions—TruPet Acquisition.”
Bona Vida Acquisition
In connection with the Bona Vida acquisition, on May 6, 2019, we issued an aggregate of 18,103,273 shares of common stock to new investors and certain of our directors and executive officers in exchange for all outstanding shares of common stock of Bona Vida. See “Summary—May Acquisitions and the May Private Placement—May Private Placement.”
May Private Placement
On May 6, 2019, we issued an aggregate of 5,744,991 shares of common stock and 5,744,991 warrants to purchase our common stock at an exercise price of $4.25 per share at an offering price of $3.00 per share to new investors and certain of our directors. See “Summary—May Private Placement.”
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The following table sets forth the aggregate number of securities acquired in the TruPet Acquisition, the Bona Vida Acquisition and the May Private Placement by the listed holders of more than 5% of any class of our voting shares or their affiliated entities and certain of our executive officers and directors.
Participants
TruPet
Acquisition
Bona Vida Acquisition
May Private Placement
 
Common Stock
Common Stock
Common Stock
Warrants
5% or Greater Shareholders(1)
 
 
 
 
Lori R. Taylor
5,632,027
John M. Word III
4,056,824
 
333,333
333,333
 
 
 
 
 
Officers and Directors(2)
 
 
 
 
Damian M. Dalla-Longa
1,759,891
Andreas Schulmeyer
Anthony Santarsiero
957,209
Michael Galego
131,031
Michael Young
17,504
724,286
Jeff D. Davis
(1)
Additional details regarding these shareholders and their equity holdings are provided in the section titled “Security Ownership of Principal Stockholders and Management.”
(2)
Additional details regarding these shareholders and their equity holdings are provided in the section titled “Security Ownership of Principal Stockholders and Management.”
November Convertible Notes and Warrant Issuances
On November 4, 2019, we issued to a member of our board of directors: (i) $1.4 million in aggregate principal amount of our Convertible Notes; and (ii) 5,500 warrants (the “Warrants”) to purchase shares of our common stock.
Shareholder Guaranties
As consideration for the Shareholder Guaranties (as described below), we agreed to issue common stock purchase warrants to purchase shares of our common stock (the “Shareholder Guarantor Warrants”). The Shareholder Guarantor Warrants are exercisable any time from the date of issuance for up to 24 months from the date of the consummation of an IPO (as defined therein) at an exercise price $1.82 per share. We issued 4,875,000 Shareholder Guarantor Warrants to John M. Word III, 1,300,000 Shareholder Guarantor Warrants to Lori Taylor and 325,000 Shareholder Guarantor Warrants to Michael Young. Mr. Young and Ms. Taylor, each a Shareholder Guarantor, were directors of the Company as of the date of the Shareholder Guaranty. Mr. Word was elected to the Board in connection with the Shareholder Guaranty.
December Convertible Notes and Warrant Issuances
In December 2019, we issued $1.4 million of subordinated convertible notes to a member of the board of directors. The note remains outstanding as of September 30, 2020. Interest related to the subordinated convertible notes was $0.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
We also issued $0.1 million of subordinated convertible notes to an executive in satisfaction of a transaction bonus as per his employment agreement upon the close of the Halo Acquisition in December 2019. These convertible notes are outstanding as of September 30, 2020. We also issued 7,215 stock purchase warrants to the same executive in December 2019.
June 2020 Convertible Notes and Warrant Issuances
On June 24, 2020, the Company issued $1.5 million in subordinated convertible promissory notes and common stock purchase warrants to purchase up to 2,000,000 shares of the Company's common stock to one of the Company's directors and a shareholder of the Company. The June 2020 Convertible Notes are convertible at a conversion price of $0.75 per share and the warrants have an exercise price of $1.25 per share.
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July 2020 Shareholder Guaranty Warrants
In connection with the Citizens ABL Facility, John M. Word, a director and shareholder agreed to enter into the ABL Facility Guaranty in favor of the Company and guaranteeing our obligations under the Citizens ABL Facility. In consideration of the ABL Facility Guaranty, the Company issued the July 2020 Warrants to purchase up to 500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at a price equal to $1.05 per share. 300,000 July 2020 Warrants were issued to Mr. Word, 100,000 July 2020 Warrants were issued to Michael Close, and 100,000 July 2020 Warrants were issued to Clinton Gee, each of whom is a member of the Company’s board of directors. The July 2020 Warrants are exercisable on the date of issuance and expire on the earlier of (i) 84 months from the date of the consummation of an underwritten public offering or other uplist transaction through which the Company lists its common stock on the New York Stock Exchange, The Nasdaq Global Select Market, The Nasdaq Global Market or another national securities exchange in the United States or Canada or (ii) June 30, 2030.
Series F Private Placement
In October, 2020, we consummated the Series F Private Placement in which we raised approximately $21.7 million, including an investment by certain of our officers and directors of approximately $6.5 million and an exchange of all of our outstanding Series E preferred stock of approximately $3.5 million. Each Series F Unit was sold in the Series F Private Placement at a per unit price of $1,000 and consisted of (i) one share of Series F Preferred Stock, which is convertible into shares of our common stock, at a value per share of common stock of $0.50 (subject to adjustment); and (ii) a warrant to purchase for a six year period such number of shares of common stock into which such share of Series F Preferred Stock is convertible at an exercise price per share of $0.75 (subject to adjustment).
Registration Rights Agreements
TruPet Acquisition
In connection with the TruPet acquisition, we entered into a registration rights agreement for the benefit of the recipients of common stock issued as the acquisition consideration. See “Description of Capital Stock—Registration Rights Agreements—TruPet Registration Rights Agreement.”
Bona Vida Acquisition
In connection with the TruPet acquisition, we entered into a registration rights agreement for the benefit of the recipients of common stock issued as the acquisition consideration. See “Description of Capital Stock—Registration Rights Agreements—Bona Vida Registration Rights Agreement.”
May Private Placement
In connection with the May Private Placement, we entered into a registration rights agreement for the benefit of the investors in the May Private Placement. See “Description of Capital Stock—Registration Rights Agreements—May Private Placement Registration Rights Agreement.”
June 2020 Convertible Notes and Warrant Issuances
In connection with the June 2020 Convertible Notes and Warrant Issuances, we entered into a registration rights agreement for the benefit of the investors in the June 2020 Convertible Notes and Warrant Issuances. See “Description of Capital Stock—Registration Rights Agreements—June 2020 Registration Rights Agreement.”
Series F Private Placement
In connection with the Series F Private Placement, we entered into a registration rights agreement for the benefit of the investors in the Series F Private Placement. See “Description of Capital Stock—Registration Rights Agreements—Series F Registration Rights Agreement.”
Shareholder Guaranty
In connection with the Facilities Agreement in December 2019, certain of our directors and shareholders agreed to enter into a Continuing Guaranty (the “Shareholder Guaranty”) in favor of the Company and guaranteeing our obligations under the Facilities Agreement. Pursuant to the Shareholder Guaranty, John M. Word III agreed to personally guarantee our obligations in an amount not to exceed $15,000,000, Lori Taylor agreed to personally guarantee our obligations in an amount not to exceed $4,000,000 and Michael Young agreed to personally guarantee our obligations in an amount not to exceed $1,000,000.
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Shareholder Guaranties
In connection with the Citizens ABL Facility in July 2020, John M. Word, a shareholder and a member of the Company’s board of directors, agreed to enter into the ABL Facility Guaranty, dated as of July 16, 2020 in favor of the Company and guaranteeing our obligations under the Citizens ABL Facility.
Other Related Party Transactions
Marketing services
A company controlled by a member of the board of directors provides online traffic acquisition marketing services for the Company. The Company incurred immaterial amounts for their services during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The service contract has a 30-day termination clause. As of September 30, 2020, the Company had no outstanding balance and as of December 31, 2019 the outstanding balance was less than $0.1 million and was included in accounts payable in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Director Compensation
Our non-executive received compensation for their service as members of board of directors. In 2019 our non-executive directors received quarterly fees of $12,500.
Employment Agreements
See “Executive and Director Compensation—Employment Agreements.”
2019 Plan
We granted new equity awards consisting of stock options to our board of directors and executive officers under the Amended 2019 Plan, with respect to 5,250,000 shares of common stock. These grants are subject to customary vesting or forfeiture restrictions.
Indemnification Agreements
Our certificate of incorporation limits the liability of our directors for monetary damages for breach of their fiduciary duty as directors, except to the extent such exemption or limitation thereof is not permitted under the Delaware General Corporate Law and applicable law. Delaware law provides that such a provision may not limit the liability of directors:
for any breach of their duty of loyalty to us or our stockholders;
for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law;
for unlawful payment of dividend or unlawful stock repurchase or redemption, as provided under Section 174 of the DGCL; or
for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit.
Any amendment, repeal or modification of these provisions will be prospective only and would not affect any limitation on liability of a director for acts or omissions that occurred prior to any such amendment, repeal or modification. Our certificate of incorporation also requires us to pay any expenses incurred by any director or officer in defending against any such action, suit or proceeding in advance of the final disposition of such matter to the fullest extent permitted by law, subject to the receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such person to repay all amounts so advanced if it shall ultimately be determined that such person is not entitled to be indemnified as authorized by our amended and restated bylaws or otherwise. We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and executive officers. These agreements require us to indemnify these individuals to the fullest extent permitted under Delaware law against liability that may arise by reason of their service to us and to advance expenses incurred as a result of any proceeding against them as to which they could be indemnified. We believe that the limitation of liability provision in our certificate of incorporation and the indemnification agreements facilitate our ability to continue to attract and retain qualified individuals to serve as directors and officers.
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Policies and Procedures for Review of Related Party Transactions
A “Related Party Transaction” is a transaction, arrangement or relationship in which we or any of our subsidiaries was, is or will be a participant, the amount of which involved exceeds $50,000 in any one fiscal year, and in which any related person had, has or will have a direct or indirect material interest. A “Related Person” means:
any person who is, or at any time during the applicable period was, one of our executive officers, one of our directors, or a nominee to become one of our directors;
any person who is known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5.0% of any class of our voting securities;
any immediate family member of any of the foregoing persons, which means any child, stepchild, parent, stepparent, spouse, sibling, mother-in-law, father-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law or sister-in-law of a director, executive officer or a beneficial owner of more than 5.0% of any class of our voting securities, and any person (other than a tenant or employee) sharing the household of such director, executive officer or beneficial owner of more than 5.0% of any class of our voting securities; and
any firm, corporation or other entity in which any of the foregoing persons is employed or is a general partner or principal or in a similar position or in which such person has a 5% or greater beneficial ownership interest in any class of the Company’s voting securities.
Our board of directors intends to adopt a related party transactions policy. Pursuant to this policy, our audit committee will review all material facts of all Related Party Transactions and either approve or disapprove entry into the Related Party Transaction, subject to certain limited exceptions. In determining whether to approve or disapprove entry into a Related Party Transaction, our audit committee shall take into account, among other factors, the following: (i) whether the Related Party Transaction is on terms no less favorable than terms generally available to an unaffiliated third-party under the same or similar circumstances and (ii) the extent of the Related Person’s interest in the transaction. Further, the policy will require that all Related Party Transactions required to be disclosed in our filings with the SEC be so disclosed in accordance with applicable laws, rules and regulations.
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DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK
As of November 17, 2020, our authorized capital stock consists of 200,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.001 par value per share, of which 49,185,860 shares are issued and outstanding; and 4,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share, of which (i) 30,000 shares are designated as of Series F Preferred Stock preferred stock, and 21,792 shares of Series F Preferred Stock are issued and outstanding and (ii) 2,900,000 shares are designated as Series E preferred stock, none of which are issued or outstanding.
The following summary of our capital stock and certificate of incorporation and bylaws does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the provisions of applicable law and to our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, which will be provided upon request and are available on our website, https://www.betterchoicecompany.com. The information on our website is deemed not to be incorporated in this prospectus or to be part of this prospectus.
Common Stock
Voting Rights
Holders of shares of our common stock are entitled to one vote per share held of record on all matters to be voted upon by the stockholders. At each election for directors every stockholder entitled to vote at such election shall have the right to vote, in person or by proxy, the number of shares owned by such stockholder for as many persons as there are directors to be elected at that time and for whose election such stockholder has a right to vote.
Dividend Rights
Holders of shares of our common stock are entitled to ratably receive dividends when and if declared by our board of directors out of funds legally available for that purpose, subject to any statutory or contractual restrictions on the payment of dividends and to, if applicable, any prior rights and preferences that may be applicable to any outstanding preferred stock.
Liquidation Rights
Upon our voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution, distribution of assets or other winding up, holders of shares of our common stock are entitled to receive ratably the assets available for distribution to the stockholders after payment of liabilities and the liquidation preference of any of our outstanding shares of preferred stock.
Other Matters
The shares of common stock have no preemptive or conversion rights and are not subject to further calls or assessment by us. There are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the common stock. All outstanding shares of our common stock are fully paid and non-assessable.
Preferred Stock
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation authorizes our board of directors, subject to any limitations prescribed by law, without further stockholder approval, to establish and to issue from time to time one or more series of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, covering up to an aggregate of 4,000,000 shares of preferred stock. Each series of preferred stock will cover the number of shares and will have the powers, preferences, rights, qualifications, limitations and restrictions determined by the board of directors, which may include, among others, dividend rights, liquidation preferences, voting rights, conversion rights, preemptive rights and redemption rights.
Series F Preferred Stock
Voting Rights
Holders of shares of our Series F Preferred Stock are entitled to the whole number of votes equal to the number of shares of common stock into which such holder’s Series F Preferred Stock would be convertible on the record date for the vote or consent of stockholders, and otherwise has voting rights and powers equal to the voting rights and powers of the common stock. To the extent that under the DGCL the vote of the holders of the Series F Preferred Stock, voting separately as a class or series as applicable, is required to authorize a given action of ours, the affirmative vote or consent of the holders of at least a majority of the outstanding shares of Series F Preferred Stock, voting together in the aggregate and not in separate series unless required under the DGCL, represented at a duly held
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meeting at which a quorum is presented or by written consent of required holders (except as otherwise may be required under the DGCL), voting together in the aggregate and not in separate series unless required under the DGCL, will constitute the approval of such action by both the class or the series, as applicable. To the extent that under the DGCL holders of the Series F Preferred Stock are entitled to vote on a matter with holders of shares of common stock, voting together as one class, each share of Series F Preferred Stock will entitle holders to cast that number of votes per share as is equal to the number of shares of common stock into which it is then convertible. These rights are subject to maximum beneficial ownership percentages specified in the Series F Certificate of Designation.
Dividend Rights
Holders of shares of our Series F Preferred Stock are entitled to participate in dividends on an as-converted basis alongside holders of our common stock.
Liquidation Rights
Upon our voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of Series E preferred stock are entitled to receive in cash out of our assets whether from capital or from earnings available for distribution to its stockholders, before any amount is paid to the holders of our common stock.
Conversion Rights
Subject to a maximum ownership percentage, at any time, each holder of Series F Preferred Stock is entitled to convert any portion of such holder’s outstanding Series F Preferred Stock into validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable shares of common stock at a rate of $0.50 per share, subject to adjustment under certain conditions.
Other Matters
Each share of Series F Preferred Stock has a stated value of $1,000. In the event that the Company does not have sufficient available shares of common stock available to issue to the holder of shares of Series F Preferred Stock upon conversion of such holder’s shares, the Company is then required to pay cash to redeem the shares of Series F Preferred Stock that could not be converted at a price based in part on the then recent closing sale prices of our common stock. All outstanding shares of our Series F Preferred Stock are fully paid and non-assessable.
Series E Preferred Stock
Voting Rights
Holders of shares of our Series E preferred stock are entitled to the whole number of votes equal to the number of shares of common stock into which such holder’s Series E preferred stock would be convertible on the record date for the vote or consent of stockholders, and otherwise has voting rights and powers equal to the voting rights and powers of the common stock. To the extent that under the DGCL the vote of the holders of the Series E preferred stock, voting separately as a class or series as applicable, is required to authorize a given action of ours, the affirmative vote or consent of the holders of all of the shares of the Series E preferred stock, voting together in the aggregate and not in separate series unless required under the DGCL, represented at a duly held meeting at which a quorum is presented or by written consent of required holders (except as otherwise may be required under the DGCL), voting together in the aggregate and not in separate series unless required under the DGCL, will constitute the approval of such action by both the class or the series, as applicable. To the extent that under the DGCL holders of the Series E preferred stock are entitled to vote on a matter with holders of shares of common stock, voting together as one class, each share of Series E preferred stock will entitle holders to cast that number of votes per share as is equal to the number of shares of common stock into which it is then convertible. These rights are subject to maximum beneficial ownership percentages specified in the Series E Certificate of Designation.
Dividend Rights
Holders of shares of our Series E preferred stock are entitled to ratably receive cumulative dividends on each share of Series E preferred stock, accruing on a quarterly basis in arrears, at the rate of 10.0% per annum on the stated value of $0.99 per share (as adjusted), as set forth in the Series E Certificate of Designation. All accrued dividends on each share of Series E preferred stock will be paid upon conversion of the share of Series E preferred stock for which the applicable dividend is due. At our option, dividends on the Series E preferred stock may be paid in cash or stock. We also must declare a dividend on the Series E preferred stock on a pro rata basis with our common stock.
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Liquidation Rights
Upon our voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of Series E preferred stock are entitled to receive in cash out of our assets whether from capital or from earnings available for distribution to its stockholders, before any amount is paid to the holders of our common stock.
Conversion Rights
Subject to a maximum ownership percentage, at any time, each holder of Series E preferred stock is entitled to convert any portion of such holder’s outstanding Series E preferred stock into validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable shares of common stock at a rate of $0.78 per share, subject to adjustment under certain conditions.
Other Matters
The Series E preferred stock has a stated value of $0.99 per share. Under certain default conditions, the Series E preferred stock is subject to mandatory redemption at 125%, and the conversion price resets to 75% of the market price of our common stock. All outstanding shares of our Series E preferred stock are fully paid and non-assessable.
Anti-Takeover Effects of Provisions of Our Certificate of Incorporation, Our Bylaws and Delaware Law
Some provisions of Delaware law, our certificate of incorporation and our bylaws could make the following transactions more difficult: an acquisition of us by means of a tender offer; an acquisition of us by means of a proxy contest or otherwise; or the removal of our incumbent officers and directors. It is possible that these provisions could make it more difficult to accomplish or could deter transactions that stockholders may otherwise consider to be in their best interest or in our best interests, including transactions that provide for payment of a premium over the market price for our shares.
These provisions, summarized below, are intended to discourage coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids. These provisions are also designed to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to first negotiate with our board of directors. We believe that the benefits of the increased protection of our potential ability to negotiate with the proponent of an unfriendly or unsolicited proposal to acquire or restructure us outweigh the disadvantages of discouraging these proposals because negotiation of these proposals could result in an improvement of their terms.
Undesignated Preferred Stock
The ability of our board of directors, without action by the stockholders, to issue up to 1,070,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock with voting or other rights or preferences as designated by our board of directors could impede the success of any attempt to change control of us. These and other provisions may have the effect of deferring hostile takeovers or delaying changes in control or management of our company.
Stockholder Meetings
Our bylaws provide that a special meeting of stockholders may be called only by our chairperson of the board, chief executive officer or when requested in writing by the holders of not less than 10 percent of all the voting power entitled to vote at the meeting.
Requirements for Advance Notification of Stockholder Nominations and Proposals
Our bylaws establish advance notice procedures with respect to stockholder proposals to be brought before a stockholder meeting and the nomination of candidates for election as directors, other than nominations made by or at the direction of the board of directors or a committee of the board of directors. Additionally, vacancies and newly created directorships may be filled only by a vote of a majority of the directors then in office, even though less than a quorum, and not by the stockholders.
Removal of Directors
Our bylaws provide that our board of directors may be removed from office by our stockholders with or without cause, but only at a meeting of the shareholders called expressly for that purpose, upon the approval of the holders of at least a majority in voting power of the outstanding shares of stock entitled to vote in the election of directors.
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Stockholders Not Entitled to Cumulative Voting
Our certificate of incorporation does not permit stockholders to cumulate their votes in the election of directors.
Delaware Anti-Takeover Statute
We are subject to Section 203 of the DGCL, which prohibits persons deemed to be “interested stockholders” from engaging in a “business combination” with a publicly held Delaware corporation for three years following the date these persons become interested stockholders unless the business combination is, or the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder was, approved in a prescribed manner or another prescribed exception applies. Generally, an “interested stockholder” is a person who, together with affiliates and associates, owns, or, in certain cases, within three years prior to the determination of interested stockholder status did own, 15% or more of a corporation’s voting stock. Generally, a “business combination” includes a merger, asset or stock sale, or other transaction resulting in a financial benefit to the interested stockholder. The existence of this provision may have an anti-takeover effect with respect to transactions not approved in advance by the board of directors.
Choice of Forum
Our bylaws provides that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative form, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, be the sole and exclusive forum for: (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director or officer (or affiliate of any of the foregoing) of us to us or the our shareholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL or our certificate of incorporation or bylaws, or (iv) any other action asserting a claim arising under, in connection with, and governed by the internal affairs doctrine; provided that the exclusive forum provisions will not apply to suits brought to enforce any liability or duty created by the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, or to any claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our capital stock will be deemed to have notice of, and consented to, the provisions of our bylaws described in the preceding sentence.
Amendment of Bylaw Provisions
Our certificate of incorporation provides that our board of directors has the power to make, amend, alter or repeal our bylaws. Our bylaws provide that they may be repealed or amended, and new bylaws maybe adopted, by our board of directors or the stockholders in accordance with Section 109 of the DGCL.
Amendment of Charter Provisions
Our certificate of incorporation reserves our right to amend, alter, change or repeal any provision contained in our certificate of incorporation, in the manner prescribed by statute, and all rights conferred upon stockholders in our certificate of incorporation are granted subject to this reservation. Any amendments may be passed by a majority of the outstanding voting power and not by a majority of each class or series of outstanding capital stock.
The provisions of Delaware law, our certificate of incorporation and our bylaws could have the effect of discouraging others from attempting hostile takeovers and, as a consequence, they may also inhibit temporary fluctuations in the market price of our common stock that often result from actual or rumored hostile takeover attempts. These provisions may also have the effect of preventing changes in the composition of our board and management. It is possible that these provisions could make it more difficult to accomplish transactions that stockholders may otherwise deem to be in their best interests.
Conflicts of Interest
Delaware law permits corporations to adopt provisions renouncing any interest or expectancy in certain opportunities that are presented to the corporation or its officers, directors or stockholders. Our bylaws provides that no contract or other transaction between us and one or more of our directors or any other corporation, firm, association or entity in which one or more of our directors are directors or officers or are financially interested, will be either void or voidable because of such relationship or interest or because such director or directors are present at the meeting of the board of directors or one of its committees which authorizes, approves or ratifies such contract or transaction or because his or their votes are counted for such purpose, if: (a) the fact of such relationship or interest is disclosed or known to our board of directors or committee thereof which authorizes, approves or ratifies the contract or transaction by a vote or consent sufficient for the purpose without counting the votes or consents of such interested
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directors; (b) the fact of such relationship or interest is disclosed or known to the shareholders entitled to vote and they authorize, approve or ratify such contract or transaction by vote or written consent; or (c) the contract or transaction is fair and reasonable to us at the time it is authorized by our board of directors, a committee thereof or the stockholders. Common or interested directors may be counted in determining the presence of a quorum at a meeting of our board of directors or a committee thereof which authorizes, approves or ratifies such contract or transaction.
Limitation of Liability and Indemnification Matters
Our certificate of incorporation limits the liability of our directors for monetary damages for breach of their fiduciary duty as directors, except to the extent such exemption or limitation thereof is not permitted under the DGCL and applicable law. Delaware law provides that such a provision may not limit the liability of directors:
for any breach of their duty of loyalty to us or our stockholders;
for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law;
for unlawful payment of dividend or unlawful stock repurchase or redemption, as provided under Section 174 of the DGCL; or
for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit.
Any amendment, repeal or modification of these provisions will be prospective only and would not affect any limitation on liability of a director for acts or omissions that occurred prior to any such amendment, repeal or modification.
Our certificate of incorporation also require us to pay any expenses incurred by any director or officer in defending against any such action, suit or proceeding in advance of the final disposition of such matter to the fullest extent permitted by law, subject to the receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such person to repay all amounts so advanced if it shall ultimately be determined that such person is not entitled to be indemnified as authorized by our amended and restated bylaws or otherwise. We have entered or will enter into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and executive officers. These agreements require us to indemnify these individuals to the fullest extent permitted under Delaware law against liability that may arise by reason of their service to us and to advance expenses incurred as a result of any proceeding against them as to which they could be indemnified. We believe that the limitation of liability provision in our certificate of incorporation and the indemnification agreements facilitate our ability to continue to attract and retain qualified individuals to serve as directors and officers.
Registration Rights Agreements
May Private Placement Registration Rights Agreement
Pursuant to the May Private Placement Registration Rights Agreement, as amended by that certain First Amendment to the Registration Rights Agreement dated June 10, 2019, we agreed to prepare and file a registration statement with the SEC no later than August 16, 2019 for purposes of registering the resale of the shares of common stock held by the selling stockholders purchased in the May Private Placement (including the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants issued in the May Private Placement). We agreed to use our commercially reasonable efforts to cause the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part to be declared effective by the SEC prior to the 162nd day after the closing date of the May Private Placement (or the 192nd day if the SEC reviews the registration statement).
We also agreed to use our commercially reasonable efforts to keep the registration statement, of which this prospectus constitutes a part, effective until the earlier of (a) a registration statement with respect to the sale all of registrable securities being declared effective by the SEC under the Securities Act and such registrable securities having been disposed of or transferred by the holder thereof in accordance with such effective registration statement, (b) such registrable securities having been previously sold or transferred in accordance with Rule 144 of the Securities Act (or another exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act), (c) such securities becoming eligible for resale without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions and without current public information requirements pursuant to Rule 144 and (d) the third anniversary of the closing of the May Private Placement.
In addition, we have a limited ability to suspend use of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, if we (a) determine that we would be required to make disclosure of material information in the registration statement
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of which this prospectus is a part that we have a bona fide business purpose for preserving as confidential, (b) determine we must amend or supplement the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part so that it does not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the case of the Prospectus in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading or (c) have experienced or are experiencing some other material non-public event, including a pending transaction involving us, the disclosure of which at such time, in our good faith judgment, would adversely affect us. However, we may not suspend use for a period that exceeds 120 calendar days in any 360-day period.
We have also agreed, among other things, to indemnify the selling stockholders who purchased shares of common stock and warrants in the May Private Placement, their officers, directors, members, employees and agents, successors and assigns, and each person who controls such selling stockholders from certain liabilities incurred by us in connection with the registration of the common stock purchased in the May Private Placement (including the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants issued in therein) held by the selling stockholders.
Bona Vida Registration Rights Agreement
Pursuant to the Bona Vida Registration Rights Agreement, we agreed to use our commercially reasonable efforts to file a registration statement to register the shares of common stock issued as part of the consideration for the Bona Vida acquisition as soon as practicable. The number of shares of common stock issued as part of the consideration for the Bona Vida acquisition to be included as part of any registration statement is determined as follows: (i) we first include with such registration statement all the shares of common stock sold in the May Private Placement (including the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants issued therein); and (ii) to the extent we may register a greater number of shares of our common stock than those comprising the shares of common stock sold in the May Private Placement (including the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants issued therein), the recipients of common stock issued as part of the consideration for the Bona Vida acquisition will be entitled to participate on a pro rata basis.
In addition, we have agreed, among other things, to use commercially reasonable efforts to cause such registration statement to become and remain effective and to use commercially reasonable efforts to cause the common stock received in the Bona Vida acquisition to be quoted on each trading market and/or in each quotation service on which our common stock is then quoted.
We have also agreed, among other things, to indemnify the selling stockholders who received shares of our common stock in the Bona Vida acquisition from certain liabilities and to pay all fees and expenses incurred by us in connection with the registration of shares of our common stock received in the Bona Vida acquisition.
TruPet Registration Rights Agreement
Pursuant to the TruPet Registration Rights Agreement, we agreed to use our commercially reasonable efforts to file a registration statement to register the shares of common stock issued as part of the consideration for the TruPet acquisition as soon as practicable. The number of shares of common stock issued as part of the consideration for the TruPet acquisition to be included as part of any registration statement is determined as follows: (i) we first include with such registration statement all the shares of common stock sold in the May Private Placement (including the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants issued therein); and (ii) to the extent we may register a greater number of shares of our common stock than those comprising the shares of common stock sold in the May Private Placement (including the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants issued therein), the recipients of common stock issued as part of the consideration for the TruPet acquisition will be entitled to participate on a pro rata basis.
In addition, we have agreed, among other things, to use commercially reasonable efforts to cause such registration statement to become and remain effective and to use commercially reasonable efforts to cause the shares of our common stock received in the TruPet acquisition to be quoted on each trading market and/or in each quotation service on which our common stock is then quoted.
We have also agreed, among other things, to indemnify the selling stockholders who received shares of our common stock in the TruPet acquisition from certain liabilities and to pay all fees and expenses incurred by us in connection with the registration of shares of our common stock received in the TruPet acquisition.
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December Private Placement Registration Rights Agreement
On December 12, 2018, we completed a private placement (the “December Private Placement”), in which we sold shares of our common stock and 1,425,641 warrants to purchase a half share of our common stock at an exercise price of $3.90 per share at an offering price of $1.95 per share in reliance on exemptions from registration under the Securities Act. The warrants are exercisable for 24 months from the closing of the December Private Placement. The shares of common stock we sold in the December Private Placement were sold to certain of the selling stockholders identified in this prospectus. The net proceeds from the December Private Placement, after deducting our offering expenses and the payment of the placement fee, were approximately $2.7 million which we used for general corporate purposes.
Pursuant to a registration rights agreement entered into in connection with the December Private Placement, we agreed to use our commercially reasonable efforts to file a registration statement within 60 days of the closing of the December Private Placement. We also agreed, among other things, to use commercially reasonable efforts to cause such registration statement to become and remain effective and to use commercially reasonable efforts to cause the common stock (including the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants issued in the December Private Placement) held by the selling stockholders purchased in the December Private Placement to be quoted on each trading market and/or in each quotation service on which our common stock is then quoted.
We have also agreed, among other things, to indemnify the selling stockholders who purchased shares and warrants in the December Private Placement from certain liabilities and to pay all fees and expenses incurred by us in connection with the registration of the common stock purchased in the December Private Placement held by the selling stockholders.
Halo Registration Rights Agreement
In connection with the Halo Acquisition, the Seller Notes and the Seller Warrants, the Company entered into a registration rights agreement (the “Halo Registration Rights Agreement”) with the Sellers. Pursuant to the Halo Registration Rights Agreement, the Company agreed to take commercially reasonable efforts to prepare and file a registration statement with the SEC for purposes of registering the resale of the common stock, including the shares of common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Seller Notes and the shares of common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Seller Warrants
In addition, we have agreed, among other things, to use commercially reasonable efforts to cause such registration statement to become and remain effective and to use commercially reasonable efforts to cause the common stock received in the Halo acquisition to be quoted on each trading market and/or in each quotation service on which our common stock is then quoted.
We have also agreed, among other things, to indemnify the Sellers from certain liabilities incurred by us in connection with the registration of the common stock issuable upon conversion of the Seller Notes and the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Seller Warrants.
June 2020 Registration Rights Agreement
In connection with the June Convertible Notes and Warrant Issuances on June 24, 2020, the Company entered into a registration rights agreement (the “June 2020 Registration Rights Agreement”). Pursuant to the June 2020 Registration Rights Agreement, the Company agreed to take commercially reasonable efforts to prepare and file a registration with the SEC for purposes of registering the resale of the common stock issuable upon the conversion of such convertible notes by December 31, 2020. The Company also agreed to use its best efforts to have such registration statement declared effective as soon as practicable and to file with the SEC such amendments and post-effective amendments as may be necessary to keep such registration statement effective until there are no longer Registrable Securities (as defined in the June 2020 Registration Rights Agreement) held by the parties thereto.
In addition, we have agreed to use commercially reasonable efforts to cause the common stock issuable upon the conversion of the subordinated convertible notes received in the June 2020 Convertible Notes Placement to be quoted on each trading market and/or in each quotation service on which our common stock is then quoted. We have also agreed, among other things, to indemnify such investors from certain liabilities and to pay all fees and expenses incurred by us in connection with the registration of shares of our common stock issuable upon conversion of the subordinated convertible notes received in the June 2020 Convertible Notes Placement.
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Series F Registration Rights Agreement
In connection with the Series F Private Placement, the Company entered into a registration rights agreement (as amended the “Series F Registration Rights Agreement”). Pursuant to the Series F Registration Rights Agreement, the Company agreed to take commercially reasonable efforts to prepare and file a registration with the SEC for purposes of registering the resale of the common stock issuable upon the conversion of the Series F Preferred Stock and the exercise of the Series F Warrants by December 31, 2020. The Company also agreed to use its best efforts to have such registration statement declared effective as soon as practicable and to file with the SEC such amendments and post-effective amendments as may be necessary to keep such registration statement effective until there are no longer Registrable Securities held by the parties thereto.
Transfer Agent and Registrar
The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is Equity Stock Transfer, LLC.
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SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE
As of November 17, 2020, we have 49,185,860 shares of common stock outstanding. We have filed a registration statement, of which this prospectus is a part, in respect of the 87,462,673 shares being offered by the selling stockholders named herein (which include shares of common stock to be issued upon exercise of certain stock purchase warrants and the conversion of our Series F Preferred Stock issued in the Series F Private Placement). These shares may not be sold pursuant to this prospectus until the registration statement is declared effective. All of the shares of our common stock sold by the selling stockholders pursuant to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part will be freely tradable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act subject to lock-up agreements described herein, unless such shares are purchased by “affiliates” as that term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act, which will be subject to the resale limitations of Rule 144.
The remaining 4,342,807 outstanding shares of our common stock will be deemed to be “restricted securities” as that term is defined in Rule 144. Subject to certain contractual restrictions, including the lock-up agreed to by certain of our stockholders, holders of restricted shares will be entitled to sell those shares in the public market if and when those shares are registered or if they qualify for an exemption from registration under Rule 144 or any other applicable exemption under the Securities Act.
Prior to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, there has been a limited established public market for our common stock. No assurance can be given as to the likelihood that an active trading market for our common stock will develop, the liquidity of any such market, the ability of our stockholders to sell their shares or the prices that our stockholders may obtain for any of their shares. Further, we cannot predict the effect, if any, that sales of shares or availability of any shares for sale will have on the market price of our common stock prevailing from time to time. Issuances or sales of substantial amounts of our common stock, or the perception that such issuances or sales could occur, could cause the market price of our common stock to decline significantly and make it more difficult for us to raise additional capital through a future sale of securities.
Rule 144
In general, under Rule 144, a person (or persons whose shares are aggregated) who is not an affiliate of ours and has not been one of our affiliates at any time during the three months preceding a sale, and who has beneficially owned the restricted securities proposed to be sold for at least one year, including the holding period of any prior owner other than an affiliate, is entitled to sell his or her securities without registration and without complying with the manner of sale, public information, volume limitation or notice provisions of Rule 144. In addition, under Rule 144, once we have been subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act for at least 90 days, a person (or persons whose securities are aggregated) who is not an affiliate of ours and has not been one of our affiliates at any time during the three months preceding a sale, may sell his or her securities without registration, subject to the continued availability of current public information about us after only a six-month holding period. Any sales by affiliates under Rule 144, even after the applicable holding periods, are subject to requirements and/or limitations with respect to volume, manner of sale, notice and the availability of current public information about us.
Rule 701
In general, under Rule 701 of the Securities Act, any of our stockholders who purchased shares from us in connection with a qualified compensatory stock plan or other written agreement before we became subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, is eligible to resell those shares in reliance on Rule 144. An affiliate of the issuer can resell shares in reliance on Rule 144 without having to comply with the holding period requirements of Rule 144, and a non-affiliate of the issuer can resell shares in reliance on Rule 144 without having to comply with the holding period requirements of Rule 144 and without regard to the volume of such sales or the availability of public information about the issuer.
Registration Rights
For the registration rights held by the selling stockholders listed in this prospectus see “Description of Capital Stock—Registration Rights Agreements.”
Outstanding Equity Awards
As of November 17, 2020, stock options to purchase a total of 7,453,480 shares of common stock were outstanding. The weighted average exercise price of such options is $1.74 per share.
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The aggregate number of shares of our common stock that are available for issuance under awards granted pursuant to the 2019 Plan (as has been adjusted for the acquisitions) is the sum of (i) 6,000,000 shares of common stock plus (ii) an annual increase on the first day of each calendar year beginning on January 1, 2020 and ending on and including January 1, 2029, equal to the lesser of (A) 10% of the shares of common stock outstanding (on an as-converted basis) on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year and (B) such smaller number of shares of common stock as determined by our board of directors. The shares may be authorized but unissued shares, or shares purchased in the open market. If an award under the 2019 Plan is forfeited, expires or is settled for cash, any shares subject to such award may, to the extent of such forfeiture, expiration or cash settlement, be used again for new grants under the 2019 Plan. Of such outstanding awards, options to purchase 7,453,480 shares of common stock were granted in connection with the acquisitions pursuant to the 2019 Plan. The weighted average exercise price of such options is $1.74 per share.
Equity Compensation Plan Information
The following table sets forth information as of December 31, 2019 with respect to compensation plans under which equity securities are authorized for issuance:
Plan category
Number of securities
to be issued
upon exercise of
outstanding
options, warrants
and rights
Weighted average
exercise price of
outstanding
options, warrants
and rights(2)
Number of securities
remaining available for
future issuance under
equity compensation
plans (excluding
securities reflected
in column (a))
 
(a)
(b)
(c)
Equity compensation plans approved by stockholders(1)
7,753,371
$1.82
1,246,629
Total
7,753,371
$1.82
1,246,629
(1)
On April 29, 2019, the Company adopted the 2019 Plan, which was subsequently amended and restated on December 19, 2019.
(2)
As of December 31, 2019, the weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options under Incentive Plan was $1.82 per share.
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MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES TO NON-U.S. HOLDERS
The following discussion is a summary of the material U.S. federal income tax consequences to Non-U.S. Holders (as defined below) of the purchase, ownership and disposition of our common stock issued pursuant to this offering, but does not purport to be a complete analysis of all potential tax effects. The effects of other U.S. federal tax laws, such as estate and gift tax laws, and any applicable state, local or non-U.S. tax laws are not discussed. This discussion is based on the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder, judicial decisions, and published rulings and administrative pronouncements of the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”), in each case in effect as of the date hereof. These authorities may change or be subject to differing interpretations. Any such change or differing interpretation may be applied retroactively in a manner that could adversely affect a Non-U.S. Holder of our common stock. We have not sought and will not seek any rulings from the IRS regarding the matters discussed below. There can be no assurance the IRS or a court will not take a contrary position to that discussed below regarding the tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of our common stock.
This discussion is limited to Non-U.S. Holders that hold our common stock as a “capital asset” within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code (generally, property held for investment). This discussion does not address all U.S. federal income tax consequences relevant to a Non-U.S. Holder’s particular circumstances, including the impact of the Medicare contribution tax on net investment income. In addition, it does not address consequences relevant to Non-U.S. Holders subject to special rules, including, without limitation:
U.S. expatriates and former citizens or long-term residents of the United States;
persons subject to the alternative minimum tax;
persons holding our common stock as part of a hedge, straddle or other risk reduction strategy or as part of a conversion transaction or other integrated investment;
banks, insurance companies, and other financial institutions;
brokers, dealers or traders in securities;
“controlled foreign corporations,” “passive foreign investment companies,” and corporations that accumulate earnings to avoid U.S. federal income tax;
partnerships or other entities or arrangements treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes (and investors therein);
tax-exempt organizations or governmental organizations;
persons deemed to sell our common stock under the constructive sale provisions of the Code;
persons who hold or receive our common stock pursuant to the exercise of any employee stock option or otherwise as compensation;
persons subject to special tax accounting rules as a result of any item of gross income with respect to our common stock being taken into account in an applicable financial statement;
tax-qualified retirement plans; and
“qualified foreign pension funds” as defined in Section 897(l)(2) of the Code and entities all of the interests of which are held by qualified foreign pension funds.
If an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes holds our common stock, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will depend on the status of the partner, the activities of the partnership and certain determinations made at the partner level. Accordingly, partnerships holding our common stock and the partners in such partnerships should consult their tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences to them.
THIS DISCUSSION IS FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY AND IS NOT TAX ADVICE. INVESTORS SHOULD CONSULT THEIR TAX ADVISORS WITH RESPECT TO THE APPLICATION OF THE U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX LAWS TO THEIR PARTICULAR SITUATIONS AS WELL AS ANY TAX CONSEQUENCES OF THE PURCHASE, OWNERSHIP AND DISPOSITION OF OUR COMMON
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STOCK ARISING UNDER U.S. FEDERAL NON-INCOME TAX LAWS, INCLUDING THE U.S. FEDERAL ESTATE OR GIFT TAX LAWS, OR UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY STATE, LOCAL OR NON-U.S. TAXING JURISDICTION OR UNDER ANY APPLICABLE INCOME TAX TREATY.
Definition of a Non-U.S. Holder
For purposes of this discussion, a “Non-U.S. Holder” is any beneficial owner of our common stock that is neither a “U.S. person” nor an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. A U.S. person is any person that, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is or is treated as any of the following:
an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;
a corporation created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia;
an estate, the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income tax regardless of its source; or
a trust that (1) is subject to the primary supervision of a U.S. court and the control of one or more “United States persons” (within the meaning of Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code) or (2) has a valid election in effect to be treated as a United States person for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Distributions
As described in the section entitled “Dividend Policy,” we do not currently anticipate paying dividends to holders of our common stock in the foreseeable future. However, if we do make distributions of cash or property on our common stock, such distributions will constitute dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent paid from our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles. Amounts not treated as dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes will constitute a return of capital and first be applied against and reduce a Non-U.S. Holder’s adjusted tax basis in its common stock, but not below zero. Any excess will be treated as capital gain and will be treated as described below under “—Sale or Other Taxable Disposition.”
Subject to the discussions below on effectively connected income, backup withholding and FATCA, dividends paid to a Non-U.S. Holder of our common stock will be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax at a rate of 30% of the gross amount of the dividends (or such lower rate specified by an applicable income tax treaty, provided the Non-U.S. Holder furnishes a valid IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E (or other applicable documentation) certifying qualification for the lower treaty rate). If a Non-U.S. Holder holds our common stock through a financial institution or other intermediary, the Non-U.S. Holder will be required to provide appropriate documentation to the intermediary, which then will be required to provide certification to the applicable withholding agent, either directly or through other intermediaries. A Non-U.S. Holder that does not timely furnish the required documentation, but that qualifies for a reduced treaty rate, may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld by timely filing an appropriate claim for refund with the IRS. Non-U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding their entitlement to benefits under any applicable income tax treaty.
If dividends paid to a Non-U.S. Holder are effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Holder’s conduct of a trade or business within the United States (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, the Non-U.S. Holder maintains a permanent establishment in the United States to which such dividends are attributable), the Non-U.S. Holder will be exempt from the U.S. federal withholding tax described above. To claim the exemption, the Non-U.S. Holder must furnish to the applicable withholding agent a valid IRS Form W-8ECI, certifying that the dividends are effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Holder’s conduct of a trade or business within the United States.
Any such effectively connected dividends will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis at the regular graduated rates applicable to U.S. tax residents. A Non-U.S. Holder that is a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes also may be subject to a branch profits tax at a rate of 30% (or such lower rate specified by an applicable income tax treaty) on such effectively connected dividends, as adjusted for certain items. Non-U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding any applicable tax treaties that may provide for different rules.
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Sale or Other Taxable Disposition
Subject to the discussions below regarding backup withholding and FATCA, a Non-U.S. Holder will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on any gain realized upon the sale or other taxable disposition of our common stock unless:
the gain is effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Holder’s conduct of a trade or business within the United States (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, the Non-U.S. Holder maintains a permanent establishment in the United States to which such gain is attributable);
the Non-U.S. Holder is a nonresident alien individual present in the United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year of the disposition and certain other requirements are met; or
our common stock constitutes a United States real property interest (“USRPI”) by reason of our status as a United States real property holding corporation (“USRPHC”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Gain described in the first bullet point above generally will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis at the regular graduated rates. A Non-U.S. Holder that is a corporation also may be subject to a branch profits tax at a rate of 30% (or such lower rate specified by an applicable income tax treaty) on such effectively connected gain, as adjusted for certain items.
Gain described in the second bullet point above will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or such lower rate specified by an applicable income tax treaty), which may be offset by U.S. source capital losses of the Non-U.S. Holder (even though the individual is not considered a resident of the United States), provided the Non-U.S. Holder has timely filed U.S. federal income tax returns with respect to such losses.
With respect to the third bullet point above, we believe we currently are not, and do not currently anticipate becoming, a USRPHC. Because the determination of whether we are a USRPHC depends, however, on the fair market value of our USRPIs relative to the fair market value of our non-U.S. real property interests and our other business assets, there can be no assurance we currently are not a USRPHC or will not become one in the future. Even if we are or were to become a USRPHC, gain arising from the sale or other taxable disposition by a Non-U.S. Holder of our common stock will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax pursuant to the third bullet point above if our common stock is “regularly traded,” as defined by applicable Treasury Regulations, on an established securities market, and such Non-U.S. Holder owned, actually and constructively, 5% or less of our common stock throughout the shorter of the five-year period ending on the date of the sale or other taxable disposition or the Non-U.S. Holder’s holding period.
Non-U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisors regarding potentially applicable income tax treaties that may provide for different rules.
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
Payments of dividends on our common stock will not be subject to backup withholding, provided the applicable withholding agent does not have actual knowledge or reason to know the holder is a United States person and the holder either certifies its non-U.S. status, such as by furnishing a valid IRS Form W-8BEN, W-8BEN-E or W-8ECI, or otherwise establishes an exemption. However, information returns are required to be filed with the IRS in connection with any dividends on our common stock paid to a Non-U.S. Holder, regardless of whether any tax was actually withheld. In addition, proceeds of the sale or other taxable disposition of our common stock within the United States or conducted through certain U.S.-related brokers generally will not be subject to backup withholding or information reporting if the applicable withholding agent receives the certification described above and does not have actual knowledge or reason to know that such holder is a United States person, or the holder otherwise establishes an exemption. Proceeds of a disposition of our common stock conducted through a non-U.S. office of a non-U.S. broker generally will not be subject to backup withholding or information reporting.
Copies of information returns that are filed with the IRS may also be made available under the provisions of an applicable treaty or agreement to the tax authorities of the country in which the Non-U.S. Holder resides or is established.
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules may be allowed as a refund or a credit against a Non-U.S. Holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.
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Additional Withholding Tax on Payments Made to Foreign Accounts
Withholding taxes may be imposed under Sections 1471 to 1474 of the Code (such Sections commonly referred to as the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act, or “FATCA”) on certain types of payments made to non-U.S. financial institutions and certain other non-U.S. entities. Specifically, a 30% withholding tax may be imposed on dividends on, or (subject to the proposed Treasury Regulations discussed below) gross proceeds from the sale or other disposition of, our common stock paid to a “foreign financial institution” or a “non-financial foreign entity” (each as defined in the Code), unless (1) the foreign financial institution undertakes certain diligence and reporting obligations, (2) the non-financial foreign entity either certifies it does not have any “substantial United States owners” (as defined in the Code) or furnishes identifying information regarding each substantial United States owner, or (3) the foreign financial institution or non-financial foreign entity otherwise qualifies for an exemption from these rules. If the payee is a foreign financial institution and is subject to the diligence and reporting requirements in (1) above, it must enter into an agreement with the U.S. Department of the Treasury requiring, among other things, that it undertake to identify accounts held by certain “specified United States persons” or “United States-owned foreign entities” (each as defined in the Code), annually report certain information about such accounts, and withhold 30% on certain payments to non-compliant foreign financial institutions and certain other account holders. Foreign financial institutions located in jurisdictions that have an intergovernmental agreement with the United States governing FATCA may be subject to different rules.
Under the applicable Treasury Regulations and administrative guidance, withholding under FATCA generally applies to payments of dividends on our common stock. While withholding under FATCA would have applied also to payments of gross proceeds from the sale or other disposition of stock on or after January 1, 2019, recently proposed Treasury Regulations eliminate FATCA withholding on payments of gross proceeds entirely. Taxpayers generally may rely on the proposed Treasury Regulations until final Treasury Regulations are issued.
Prospective investors should consult their tax advisors regarding the potential application of withholding under FATCA to their investment in our common stock.
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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
General
We are registering the shares of common stock covered by this prospectus to permit the selling stockholders to conduct public secondary trading of these shares from time to time after the date of this prospectus. We will not receive any of the proceeds of the sale of the shares offered by this prospectus. The aggregate proceeds to the selling stockholders from the sale of the shares will be the purchase price of the shares less any discounts and commissions. Each selling stockholder reserves the right to accept and, together with their respective agents, to reject, any proposed purchases of shares to be made directly or through agents.
The selling stockholders and any of their pledgees, assignees and successors-in-interest may, from time to time, sell any or all of their shares of common stock offered by this prospectus on any stock exchange, market or trading facility on which the shares are traded or in private transactions. These sales may be at fixed or negotiated prices. The prices at which the selling stockholders may sell the shares of common stock may be determined by the prevailing market price for the shares at the time of sale, may be different than such prevailing market prices or may be determined through negotiated transactions with third parties. The selling stockholders may use any one or more of the following methods when selling the shares of common stock offered by this prospectus:
ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the broker-dealer solicits purchasers;
block trades in which the broker-dealer will attempt to sell the shares as agent but may position and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction;
purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by the broker-dealer for its account;
an exchange distribution in accordance with the rules of the applicable exchange;
privately negotiated transactions;
settlement of short sales entered into after the effective date of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part;
broker-dealers may agree with the selling stockholders to sell a specified number of such shares at a stipulated price per share;
a combination of any such methods of sale;
through the writing or settlement of options or other hedging transactions, whether through an options exchange or otherwise;
any other method permitted pursuant to applicable law; or
under Rule 144, Rule 144A or Regulation S under the Securities Act, if available, rather than under this prospectus.
There is currently a limited public trading market for our common stock. Broker-dealers engaged by the selling stockholders may arrange for other brokers-dealers to participate in sales. Broker-dealers may receive commissions or discounts from the selling stockholders (or, if any broker-dealer acts as agent for the purchaser of shares, from the purchaser) in amounts to be negotiated, but, except as set forth in a supplement to this prospectus, in the case of an agency transaction not in excess of a customary brokerage commission in compliance with FINRA Rule 2121; and in the case of a principal transaction a markup or markdown in compliance with FINRA Rule 2121.
The shares may be sold directly or through broker-dealers acting as principal or agent, or pursuant to a distribution by one or more underwriters on a firm commitment or best-efforts basis. In connection with the sale of our common stock or interests therein, the selling stockholders may enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions, which may in turn engage in short sales of our common stock in the course of hedging the positions they assume. The selling stockholders may also sell shares of our common stock short and deliver these securities to close out their short positions, or loan or pledge our common stock to broker-dealers that in turn may sell these securities. The selling stockholders may also enter into option or other transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions or the creation of one or more derivative securities which require the delivery to such broker-dealer or other financial institution of shares offered by this prospectus, which shares such broker-dealer or other financial institution may resell pursuant to this prospectus (as supplemented or amended to reflect such transaction). In connection with an underwritten offering, underwriters or agents may receive compensation in the
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form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the selling stockholders or from purchasers of the offered shares for whom they may act as agents. In addition, underwriters may sell the shares to or through dealers, and those dealers may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the underwriters and/or commissions from the purchasers for whom they may act as agents.
The selling stockholders and any broker-dealers or agents that are involved in selling the shares may be deemed to be “underwriters” within the meaning of the Securities Act in connection with such sales. In such event, any commissions received by such broker-dealers or agents and any profit on the resale of the shares purchased by them may be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts. If a selling stockholder is deemed to be an underwriter, the selling stockholder may be subject to certain statutory liabilities including, but not limited to Sections 11, 12 and 17 of the Securities Act and Rule 10b-5 under the Exchange Act. Selling stockholders who are deemed underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act will be subject to the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act. The SEC staff is of a view that selling stockholders who are registered broker-dealers or affiliates of registered broker-dealers may be underwriters under the Securities Act. In compliance with FINRA guidelines, the maximum commission or discount to be received by a member of FINRA or an independent broker-dealer may not exceed 8% for the sale of any securities registered hereunder. We will not pay any compensation or give any discounts or commissions to any underwriter in connection with the securities being offered by this prospectus. The selling stockholders have advised us that they have not entered into any written or oral agreements, understandings or arrangements with any underwriter or broker-dealer regarding the sale of the resale shares. There is no underwriter or coordinating broker acting in connection with the proposed sale of the resale shares by the selling stockholders.
We are required to pay certain fees and expenses incurred by us incident to the registration of the shares. We have agreed to indemnify the selling stockholders against certain losses, claims, damages and liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. Each selling stockholder has in turn agreed to indemnify us for certain specified liabilities. See “Description of Capital Stock—Registration Rights Agreements.”
In order to comply with the securities laws of some states, if applicable, the shares of common stock may be sold in these jurisdictions only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers. In addition, in some states the shares of common stock may not be sold unless they have been registered or qualified for sale or an exemption from registration or qualification requirements is available and in compliance.
Under applicable rules and regulations under the Exchange Act, any person engaged in the distribution of the resale shares may not simultaneously engage in market making activities with respect to the common stock for the applicable restricted period, as defined in Regulation M, prior to the commencement of the distribution. In addition, the selling stockholders will be subject to applicable provisions of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, including Regulation M, which may limit the timing of purchases and sales of shares of the common stock by the selling stockholders or any other person. The anti-manipulation rules under the Exchange Act may apply to sales of common stock in the market and to the activities of the selling stockholders and their affiliates. Regulation M may restrict the ability of any person engaged in the distribution of the common stock to engage in market-making activities with respect to the particular shares of common stock being distributed for a period of up to five business days before the distribution. These restrictions may affect the marketability of the common stock and the ability of any person or entity to engage in market-making activities with respect to the common stock. We will make copies of this prospectus available to the selling stockholders and have informed them of the need to deliver a copy of this prospectus to each purchaser at or prior to the time of the sale.
In accordance with FINRA Rule 5110(g)(1), Canaccord Genuity LLC and any persons related to Canaccord Genuity LLC who purchased or otherwise acquired shares (i) in the May Private Placements (ii) subsequent to the initial filing of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part and deemed to be underwriting compensation by FINRA, and/or (iii) that are excluded from underwriting compensation pursuant to FINRA Rule 5110(d)(5), will agree not to sell, transfer, assign, pledge, hypothecate or subject to any hedging, short sale, derivative, put or call transaction that would result in the effective economic disposition of such shares, for the 180-day period prescribed by FINRA Rule 5110(g)(1), except as otherwise provided in FINRA Rule 5110(g)(2).
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LEGAL MATTERS
The validity of our common stock and certain legal matters will be passed upon for us by Meister Seelig & Fein, LLP.
EXPERTS
The consolidated financial statements of Better Choice Company Inc. (the Company) at December 31, 2019 and for the year ended, appearing in this Prospectus and Registration Statement have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, and at December 31, 2018 and for the year ended, by MNP LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in their respective reports thereon (which Ernst & Young LLP’s report contains an explanatory paragraph describing conditions that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern as described in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements) appearing elsewhere herein, and are included in reliance upon such reports given on the authority of such firms as experts in accounting and auditing.
The financial statements of Halo, Purely for Pets, Inc. included in this prospectus, have been audited by Warren Averett, LLC, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report appearing herein.
The financial statements of Bona Vida and TruPet included in this prospectus, have been audited by MNP LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report appearing herein.
Such financial statements are included in reliance upon the report of such firms given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
We have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission a registration statement on Form S-1 under the Securities Act with respect to the shares of common stock being offered by the selling stockholders named in this prospectus. This prospectus does not contain all of the information in the registration statement and its exhibits. For further information with respect to us and the common stock offered by this prospectus, we refer you to the registration statement and its exhibits. Where we make statements in this prospectus as to the contents of any contract or any other document, for the complete text of that document, we refer you to the copy of the contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement. Each of these statements is qualified in all respects by this reference.
You can read our Securities and Exchange Commission filings, including the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, over the Internet at the Securities and Exchange Commission’s website at www.sec.gov. Please call the Securities and Exchange Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the operation of the public reference facilities.
We file periodic reports, proxy statements, and other information with the SEC These documents may be accessed through the SEC’s electronic data gathering, analysis and retrieval system, or EDGAR, via electronic means, including the SEC’s home page on the Internet (www.sec.gov).
Our website is located at https://www.betterchoicecompany.com. The reference to our website address does not constitute incorporation by reference of the information contained at or available through our website, and you should not consider it to be a part of this prospectus.
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INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE
The SEC’s rules allow us to “incorporate by reference” information into this prospectus, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to another document filed separately with the SEC. The information incorporated by reference is deemed to be part of this prospectus, and subsequent information that we file with the SEC will automatically update and supersede that information. Any statement contained in a previously filed document incorporated by reference will be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement contained in this prospectus modifies or replaces that statement.
We incorporate by reference any future filings made by us with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, between the date of this prospectus and the termination of the offering of the securities described in this prospectus. We are not, however, incorporating by reference any documents or portions thereof, whether specifically listed below or filed in the future, that are not deemed “filed” with the SEC, including any information furnished pursuant to Items 2.02 or 7.01 of Form 8-K or related exhibits furnished pursuant to Item 9.01 of Form 8-K, unless the Form 8-K expressly states that it is to be incorporated by reference.
All reports and other documents we subsequently file pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act prior to the termination of this offering, but excluding any information furnished to, rather than filed with, the SEC, will also be incorporated by reference into this prospectus and deemed to be part of this prospectus from the date of the filing of such reports and documents.
You may request a free copy of any of the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus (other than exhibits, unless they are specifically incorporated by reference in the documents) by writing or telephoning us at the following address:
Better Choice Company Inc.
164 Douglas Road E
Oldsmar, FL 34677
Attn: VP Finance & Accounting
(813) 659-5921
Exhibits to the filings will not be sent, however, unless those exhibits have specifically been incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement.
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INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
Page
Better Choice Company Inc.
 
Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
 
F-3
F-4
F-5
F-6
F-7
F-9
Annual Financial Statements
 
TruPet LLC
 
Annual Financial Statements
 
Bona Vida, Inc.
 
Annual Financial Statements
 
Interim Financial Statements (Unaudited)
 
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Better Choice Company Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019
(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
 
September 30,
2020
Unaudited
December 31,
2019
Audited
Assets
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$563
$2,361
Restricted cash
1,518
173
Accounts receivable, net
5,629
5,824
Inventories, net
5,122
6,580
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
2,005
2,641
Total Current Assets
14,837
17,579
Property and equipment, net
305
417
Right-of-use assets, operating leases
718
951
Intangible assets, net
13,496
14,641
Goodwill
18,614
18,614
Other assets
1,876
1,330
Total Assets
$49,846
$53,532
Liabilities & Stockholders’ Deficit
 
 
Current Liabilities
 
 
Short term loan, net
$19,369
$16,061
Line of credit, net
4,819
PPP loans
458
Other liabilities
1,727
500
Accounts payable
4,090
4,049
Accrued liabilities
5,371
4,721
Deferred revenue
305
311
Operating lease liability, current portion
395
345
Warrant derivative liability
102
2,220
Total Current Liabilities
31,817
33,026
Non-current Liabilities
 
 
Notes payable, net
18,240
16,370
Line of credit, net
5,048
PPP loans
394
Operating lease liability
350
641
Total Non-current Liabilities
24,032
17,011
Total Liabilities
55,849
50,037
Redeemable Series E Convertible Preferred Stock
 
 
Redeemable Series E preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 2,900,000 shares authorized, 1,387,378 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively
10,566
10,566
Stockholders’ Deficit
 
 
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 200,000,000 and 88,000,000 shares authorized as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, and 49,139,708 and 47,977,390 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively
49
48
Additional paid-in capital
214,305
194,150
Accumulated deficit
(230,923)
(201,269)
Total Stockholders’ Deficit
(16,569)
(7,071)
Total Liabilities, Redeemable Preferred Stock, and Stockholders’ Deficit
$49,846
$53,532
See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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Better Choice Company Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss
(unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
2020
2019
2020
2019
Net sales
$33,302
$11,567
$11,135
$3,932
Cost of goods sold
20,567
7,178
6,681
3,096
Gross profit
12,735
4,389
4,454
836
Operating expenses:
 
 
 
 
General and administrative
23,298
12,031
3,648
4,856
Share-based compensation
7,047
6,708
1,543
2,496
Sales and marketing
6,203
8,452
2,396
2,856
Customer service and warehousing
500
854
148
303
Total operating expenses
37,048
28,045
7,735
10,511
Loss from operations
(24,313)
(23,656)
(3,281)
(9,675)
Other expense (income):
 
 
 
 
Interest expense, net
7,268
165
2,537
41
Loss on extinguishment of debt
88
88
Loss on acquisitions
147,376
(2,612)
Change in fair value of warrant derivative liability
(2,118)
(886)
(4,213)
(1,079)
Total other expense (income), net
5,238
146,655
(1,588)
(3,650)
Net and comprehensive loss
(29,551)
(170,311)
(1,693)
(6,025)
Preferred dividends
103
70
35
43
Net and comprehensive loss available to common stockholders
$(29,654)
$(170,381)
$(1,728)
$(6,068)
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average number of shares outstanding, basic and diluted
48,809,740
28,624,230
48,961,447
43,575,010
Loss per share, basic and diluted
$(0.61)
$(5.95)
$(0.04)
$(0.14)
See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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Better Choice Company Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Deficit
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
(unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands except shares)
 
Common Stock
 
 
 
Redeemable Series E
Convertible Preferred Stock
 
Shares
Amount
Additional
Paid-In
Capital
Accumulated
Deficit
Total
Stockholders’
Deficit
Shares
Amount
Balance as of December 31, 2019
47,977,390
$48
$194,150
$(201,269)
$(7,071)
1,387,378
$10,566
Shares issued pursuant to a private placement
308,642
500
500
Share-based compensation
455,956
1
2,484
2,485
Shares and warrants issued to third party for contract termination
72,720
198
198
Shares issued to third parties for services
125,000
125
125
Warrants issued to third parties for services
2,594
2,594
Net and comprehensive loss available to common stockholders
(9,488)
(9,488)
Balance as of March 31, 2020
48,939,708
$49
$200,051
$(210,757)
$(10,657)
1,387,378
$10,566
Warrants issued to third parties for services
7,390
7,390
Share-based compensation
3,020
3,020
Warrants issued in connection with June 2020 Notes
337
337
Beneficial conversion feature of June 2020 Notes
1,163
1,163
Modification of conversion feature for November 2019 Notes, Seller Notes, and ABG Notes
528
528
Modification of warrants
43
43
Net and comprehensive loss available to common stockholders
(18,438)
(18,438)
Balance as of June 30, 2020
48,939,708
$49
$212,532
$(229,195)
$(16,614)
1,387,378
$10,566
Shares issued pursuant to warrant exercise
200,000
Share-based compensation
1,543
1,543
Warrants issued in connection with ABL Facility
230
230
Net and comprehensive loss available to common stockholders
(1,728)
(1,728)
Balance as of September 30, 2020
49,139,708
$49
$214,305
$(230,923)
$(16,569)
1,387,378
$10,566
See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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Better Choice Company Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Deficit
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
(unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands except shares)
 
Common Stock
Series A
Preferred Units
 
 
 
Redeemable Series E
Convertible Preferred Stock
 
Shares
Amount
Shares
Amount
Additional
paid-in
capital
Accumulated
deficit
Total
Stockholders’
Deficit
Shares
Amount
Balance as of December 31, 2018
11,661,485
$12
2,391,403
$2
$13,642
$(16,698)
$(3,042)
$
Shares issued pursuant to a private placement – net proceeds
69,115
150
150
 
 
Share-based compensation
18,964
206
206
Net and comprehensive loss available to common stockholders
(2,776)
(2,776)
Balance as of March 31, 2019
11,680,449
$12
2,460,518
$2
$13,998
$(19,474)
$(5,462)
$
Share-based compensation
1,199,822
2
4,006
4,008
Conversion of Series A shares to common stock
2,460,518
2
(2,460,518)
(2)
Acquisition of treasury shares
(1,011,748)
(1)
(2,199)
(2,200)
Acquisition of Better Choice
3,915,856
3
23,490
23,493
2,633,678
20,059
Acquisition of Bona Vida
18,003,273
18
108,002
108,020
Shares and warrants issued pursuant to private issuance of public equity (PIPE) – net proceeds
5,744,991
6
15,670
15,676
Conversion of Series E Preferred Stock
1,175,000
1
7,050
7,051
(925,758)
(7,052)
Net and comprehensive loss available to common stockholders
(161,533)
(161,533)
Balance as of June 30, 2019
43,168,161
$43
$—
$170,017
$(181,007)
$(10,947)
1,707,920
$13,007
Share-based compensation
2,496
2,496
Stock issued to third parties for services
1,000,000
1
3,439
3,440
Acquisition of treasury shares
(3,870)
(3,870)
Acquisition of Better Choice
69
69
Acquisition of Bona Vida
600
600
Private issuance of public equity (“PIPE”) warrant exercise
1,259,498
1
4,006
4,007
Net and comprehensive loss available to common stockholders
(6,068)
(6,068)
Balance as of Balance as of September 30, 2019
45,427,659
$45
$—
$176,757
$(187,075)
$(10,273)
1,707,920
$13,007
See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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Better Choice Company Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
2020
2019
Cash Flow from Operating Activities:
 
 
Net and comprehensive loss available to common stockholders
$(29,654)
$(170,381)
Adjustments to reconcile net and comprehensive loss to net cash used in operating activities:
 
 
Non-cash expenses:
 
 
Shares and warrants issued to third parties for services
10,182
Modification of warrants
43
Contract termination costs
649
Depreciation and amortization
1,298
76
Amortization of debt issuance costs and discounts
3,723
Share-based compensation
7,047
6,708
Lease expenses
(8)
39
Change in fair value of warrant derivative liability
(2,118)
(886)
Payment In Kind (PIK) interest expense on notes payable
1,465
Loss on extinguishment of debt
88
Loss on acquisitions
146,980
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of business acquisition:
 
 
Accounts receivable, net
195
76
Inventories, net
1,458
(705)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
224
437
Other assets
(9)
31
Accounts payable
41
889
Accrued liabilities
650
3,357
Deferred revenue
(6)
172
Other
209
(17)
Cash Used in Operating Activities
$(4,523)
$(13,224)
 
 
 
Cash Flow from Investing Activities
 
 
Cash acquired in the May Acquisitions
$
$416
Acquisition of property and equipment
(42)
(52)
Cash (Used in) Provided by Investing Activities
$(42)
$364
 
 
 
Cash Flow from Financing Activities
 
 
Proceeds from shares issued pursuant to private placement, net
$
$15,826
Payment of related party note payable
(1,600)
Proceeds from issuance of debt
6,200
Proceeds from revolving lines of credit
6,624
Payments on revolving lines of credit
(6,297)
(4,600)
Proceeds from PPP loans
852
Proceeds from June 2020 Notes
1,500
Cash advance, net
(1,898)
Proceeds from investor prepayment
1,518
PIPE warrant exercise
4,007
Debt issuance costs
(85)
(20)
Cash Provided by Financing Activities
$4,112
$17,915
 
 
 
Net (decrease) increase in Cash and cash equivalents and Restricted cash
$(453)
$5,055
Total Cash and cash equivalents, Beginning of Period
2,534
3,946
Total Cash and cash equivalents and Restricted cash, End of Period
$2,081
$9,001
See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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Supplemental cash flow information
The following represent noncash financing and investing activities and other supplemental disclosures related to the statement of cash flows:
On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASC 842 which resulted in the acquisition of right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities as follows:
Right-of-use assets and operating lease liability acquired under operating leases
 
Right-of-use assets recorded upon adoption of ASC 842
$421
Operating lease liability recorded upon adoption of ASC 842
$(429)
Noncash acquisition of right-of-use assets for leases entered into during period
$607
Noncash acquisition of operating lease liability for leases entered into during the period
$(594)
The Company paid no income taxes during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.
The Company paid interest of $1.7 million and $0.2 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
The Company issued warrants with a fair value of $0.2 million on July 20, 2020 in connection with a personal guarantee related to the ABL Facility (as defined herein).
See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
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Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
Note 1 – Nature of business and summary of significant accounting policies
Nature of the Business
Better Choice Company Inc. is a growing animal health and wellness company committed to leading the industry shift toward pet products and services that help dogs and cats live healthier, happier and longer lives. The Company sells the majority of its dog food, cat food and treats under the Halo and TruDog brands, which are focused, respectively, on providing sustainably sourced kibble and canned food derived from real whole meat, and minimally processed raw-diet dog food and treats.
On May 6, 2019, the Company completed the reverse acquisition of TruPet LLC (“TruPet”) and Bona Vida Inc. (“Bona Vida”) in a pair of all stock transactions (together referred to as the “May Acquisitions”) through the issuance of shares of common stock. Following the completion of the May Acquisitions, the business conducted by the Company became primarily the businesses conducted by TruPet and Bona Vida. As a result, the condensed consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2019 are comprised of the results of TruPet for the period between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2019 and the results of Bona Vida beginning May 6, 2019 through December 31, 2019. The Company completed the acquisition of Halo on December 19, 2019 (see “Note 2 – Acquisitions”). Accordingly, Halo’s operations are included in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements beginning on December 19, 2019.
Basis of Presentation
The condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all normal recurring adjustments which, in management’s opinion, are necessary for a fair statement of the results for interim periods. Results of operations for interim periods may not be representative of results to be expected for the full year.
These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).
Tables are presented in U.S. dollars (thousands) and percentage as rounded up or down. In the notes, the Company represents U.S. dollars (millions) and percentage as rounded up or down.
Consolidation
The Company’s interim condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP). The financial statements are presented on a condensed consolidated basis subsequent to acquisitions and include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
Going Concern Considerations
The Company is subject to risks common in the pet wellness consumer market including, but not limited to, dependence on key personnel, competitive forces, successful marketing and sale of its products, the successful protection of its proprietary technologies, ability to grow into new markets, and compliance with government regulations. In December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus was reported to have surfaced in Wuhan, China. As of November 2020, the Company has not experienced a significant adverse impact to its business, financial condition or cash flows resulting from the pandemic. However, uncertainties regarding the continued economic impact of COVID-19, the disease caused by the novel coronavirus, are likely to result in sustained market turmoil which could also negatively impact the Company’s business, financial condition, and cash flows in the future. The Company has continually incurred losses and has an accumulated deficit. The Company continues to rely on current investors and the public markets to finance these losses through debt and/or equity issuances. These operating losses and the outstanding debt create substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period of twelve months from the date these interim condensed consolidated financial statements are issued. The Company is implementing plans to achieve cost savings and other strategic objectives to address these conditions. The Company expects cost savings from consolidation of third-party manufacturers, optimizing shipping and warehousing as well as overhead cost reductions. The business is focused on growing the most profitable channels while reducing
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investments in areas that are not expected to have long-term benefits. The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and payments of liabilities in the ordinary course of business. Accordingly, the interim condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of asset carrying amounts or the amount of and classification of liabilities that may result should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.
Restricted cash
The Company was required to maintain a restricted cash balance of less than $0.1 million and $0.2 million as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, associated with a business credit card and credit card clearance operations.
During the third quarter of 2020, the Company received investor prepayment funds of $1.5 million related to the issuance of Series F Preferred Stock that was completed in October 2020 (see “Note 21—Subsequent events”).
Allowance for doubtful accounts
Accounts receivable consist of unpaid buyer invoices from the Company’s Retail customers and credit card payments receivable from third-party credit card processing companies. Accounts receivable is stated at the amount billed to customers, net of point of sale and cash discounts. The Company recorded a less than $0.1 million allowance for doubtful accounts as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
Goodwill
Goodwill of $18.6 million was recognized as of December 31, 2019 in connection with the Halo Acquisition (see “Note 2—Acquisitions”). No impairment was recognized as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
Intangible assets
The Company acquired an intangible asset related to the Houndog license with the acquisition of Bona Vida on May 6, 2019. The Company fully impaired the asset as of December 31, 2019 as the Company terminated the contract on January 13, 2020. The Company also acquired intangible assets consisting of customer relationships and trade name with the acquisition of Halo on December 19, 2019. There were no interim indicators or impairment of intangible assets as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
Leases
The Company’s leases relate to its corporate offices and warehouses. Effective January 1, 2019, the Company adopted the FASB guidance on leases (“Topic 842”), which requires leases with durations greater than twelve months to be recognized on the balance sheets. The Company adopted Topic 842 using the modified retrospective transition approach.
Redeemable convertible preferred stock
The Company’s Redeemable Series E Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series E”) contains redemption provisions that require it to be presented outside of stockholders’ deficit. Changes in the redemption value of the redeemable convertible preferred stock, if any, are recorded immediately in the period occurred as an adjustment to additional paid-in capital in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Income taxes
The Company was incorporated on May 6, 2019. Prior to this date, the Company operated as a flow through entity for state and United States federal tax purposes. The Company files a U.S. federal and state income tax return including its wholly owned subsidiaries. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company does not have any uncertain income tax positions.
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Revenue
The Company recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods to the customer in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods in accordance with the provisions of ASC 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers”.
Fair value of financial instruments
The warrant derivative liability is remeasured at fair value each reporting period and represents a Level 3 financial instrument.
Reclassification of prior period presentation
Certain reclassifications have been made to conform the prior period data to the current presentation. These reclassifications had no material effect on the reported results.
Recently issued accounting pronouncements
The Company has reviewed the Accounting Standards Update (ASU), accounting pronouncements and interpretations thereof issued by the FASB that have effective dates during the reporting period and in future periods.
Recently adopted:
ASU 2018-13 “Fair Value Measurement”
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement.” This new guidance removes certain disclosure requirements related to the fair value hierarchy, modifies existing disclosure requirements related to measurement uncertainty and adds new disclosure requirements. The new disclosure requirements include disclosing the changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end of the reporting period and the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. This new guidance was effective for the Company beginning on January 1, 2020 and did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
ASU 2018-15 “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other – Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40)”
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15 “Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40)” to amend ASU 2015-5 in an effort to provide additional guidance on the accounting for costs implementation activities performed in a cloud computing arrangement that is a service contract. The amendments in this update align the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal use software license). The accounting for the service element of a hosting arrangement that is a service contract is not affected by the amendments in this update. The amendments in this update also require the entity to present the expense related to the capitalized implementation costs in the same line item in the statement of income as the fees associated with the hosting element (service) of the arrangement and classify payments for capitalizing implementation costs in the statement of cash flows in the same manner as payments made for fees associated with the hosting element. The entity is also required to present the capitalized implementation costs in the statement of financial position in the same line item that a prepayment for the fees of the associated hosting arrangement would be presented. The new standard was effective for the Company on January 1, 2020. The Company has no internal use software.
Issued but not Yet Adopted:
ASU 2016-13 “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments”
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326)” Codification Improvements to Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326). Subsequent updates were released in November 2018 (ASU No. 2018-19), November 2019 (ASU No. 2019-10 and 2019-11) and February 2020 (ASU No. 2020-2) that provided additional guidance on this Topic. This ASU introduces the current expected credit loss (CECL) model,
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which will require an entity to measure credit losses for certain financial instruments and financial assets, including trade receivables. Under this update, on initial recognition and at each reporting period, an entity will be required to recognize an allowance that reflects the entity’s current estimate of credit losses expected to be incurred over the life of the financial instrument. The standard is effective for the Company on January 1, 2023, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the new standard will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
ASU 2019-12 “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes”
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes” (“ASU 2019-12”), which is intended to simplify various aspects related to accounting for income taxes. ASU 2019-12 removes certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and also clarifies and amends existing guidance to improve consistent application. This guidance is effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2021 with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on its condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
ASU 2020-04 “Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848), Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting”
In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. This ASU provides optional expedient and exceptions for applying generally accepted accounting principles to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. In response to the concerns about structural risks of interbank offered rates (IBORs) and, particularly, the risk of cessation of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR), regulators in several jurisdictions around the world have undertaken reference rate reform initiatives to identify alternative reference rates that are more observable or transaction based and less susceptible to manipulation. The ASU provides companies with optional guidance to ease the potential accounting burden associated with transitioning away from reference rates that are expected to be discontinued. The ASU can be adopted no later than December 1, 2022 with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the standard will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
ASU 2020-03 “Codification Improvements to Financial Instruments”
In March 2020, FASB issued ASU 2020-03, Codification Improvement to Financial Instruments. This ASU improves and clarifies various financial instruments topics, including the current expected credit losses (CECL) standard issued in 2016. The ASU includes seven different issues that describe the areas of improvement and the related amendments to GAAP, intended to make the standards easier to understand and apply by eliminating inconsistencies and providing clarifications. The amendments have different effective dates. The Company is evaluating the impact the accounting guidance will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
ASU 2020-06 “Debt – Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging – Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40), Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity”
In August 2020, FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Debt—Debt with Conversion and other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity's Own Equity. This ASU reduces the number of accounting models for convertible instruments, amends diluted EPS calculations for convertible instruments, and amends the requirements for a contract (or embedded derivative) that is potentially settled in an entity’s own shares to be classified in equity. This standard is effective for the Company beginning on January 1, 2024 with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on its condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
The Company has carefully considered other new pronouncements that alter previous generally accepted accounting principles and does not believe that any new or modified principles will have a material impact on the Company’s reported balance sheets or operations.
Note 2 – Acquisitions
Acquisition of Halo
On October 15, 2019, the Company entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Agreement”) to acquire Halo and the acquisition (the “Halo Acquisition”) was completed on December 19, 2019 (“Halo Acquisition Date”) for
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$38.2 million. The consideration was subject to customary adjustments for Halo’s net working capital, cash, and indebtedness, and consisted of a combination of cash consideration ($20.5 million), shares of the Company’s common stock ($3.9 million), seller notes ($15.0 million), and seller warrants ($0.3 million).
The Halo Acquisition was accounted for under the purchase method of accounting, and accordingly, the purchase price was allocated to the identifiable assets and liabilities based on their estimated fair values at the Halo Acquisition Date. The determination of the preliminary purchase price allocation to specific assets acquired and liabilities assumed is incomplete for Halo. The preliminary purchase price allocation may change in future periods as the fair value estimates of assets and liabilities and the valuation of the related tax assets and liabilities are completed. The preliminary purchase price allocation is summarized as follows:
Dollars in thousands
 
Total purchase price
$38,244
Assets
 
Property and equipment
260
Accounts receivable
5,540
Inventories
5,160
Intangible assets
14,690
Other assets
329
Total assets
25,979
Liabilities
 
Accounts payable
4,628
Accrued liabilities
1,553
Long term liability
168
Total liabilities
6,349
Net assets acquired
19,630
Goodwill
$18,614
The intangible assets acquired relate to customer relationships and trade name. Acquired customer relationships are finite-lived intangible assets and are amortized over their estimated life of 7 years using the straight-line method, which approximates the customer attrition rate, reflecting the pattern of economic benefits associated with these assets. The trade name is a finite-lived intangible asset and is being amortized over its estimated life of 15 years using the straight-line method, which reflects the pattern of economic benefits associated with this asset.
The excess of purchase price over the fair value amounts assigned to the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed represents goodwill from the acquisition. The Company believes the factors that contributed to goodwill include the acquisition of a talented workforce and administrative cost synergies. The Company does not expect any portion of this goodwill to be deductible for tax purposes. See “Note 9—Intangible assets, royalties, and goodwill” for more information.
Reverse Acquisitions of Better Choice and Bona Vida by TruPet
On May 6, 2019, Better Choice Company completed the reverse acquisitions of TruPet and Bona Vida whereby TruPet is considered the acquirer for accounting and financial reporting purposes. The acquisitions were accounted for as asset acquisitions.
The purchase price for Better Choice Company was $37.9 million and has been allocated based on an estimate of the fair value of Better Choice Company’s assets acquired and liabilities assumed with the remainder recorded as an expense. The loss on acquisition of Better Choice Company’s net liabilities is $39.6 million.
The purchase price for Bona Vida was $108.6 million and the estimated purchase price has been allocated based on an estimate of the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The excess of the purchase price over the net assets acquired has been recorded as an expense. The loss on acquisition of Bona Vida’s net assets is $107.8 million.
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On May 6, 2019, the fair value of assets and liabilities acquired was:
Dollars in thousands
Better
Choice
Company
Bona Vida
Total
Total purchase price
$37,949
$108,620
$146,569
Net Assets (Liabilities) Acquired:
 
 
 
Assets
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
7
384
391
Restricted cash
25
25
Accounts receivable
69
69
Inventories
95
95
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
32
348
380
Intangible assets
986
986
Other assets
74
74
Total assets
1,025
995
2,020
Liabilities
 
 
 
Warrant derivative liability
(2,130)
(2,130)
Accounts payable & accrued liabilities
(544)
(153)
(697)
Total liabilities
(2,674)
(153)
(2,827)
Net assets (liabilities) acquired
(1,649)
842
(807)
Loss on acquisitions
$(39,598)
$(107,778)
$(147,376)
In connection with the preparation of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements for the period ended September 30, 2019, the Company identified an error in the condensed consolidated financial statements for the six month period ended June 30, 2019 related to the overstatement of loss on acquisitions of $2.6 million in the condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss. This was primarily due to a change in the estimated purchase price, which also resulted in errors in the statement of stockholders’ deficit and statement of cash flows. The errors were all corrected during the three-month period ended September 30, 2019. The Company believes the correction of these errors is not material to the condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the period ended September 30, 2019.
Note 3 – Revenue
The Company has two categories of revenue channels: retail-partner based (“Retail”), which includes the sale of product to e-commerce retailers, pet specialty chains, grocery, mass and distributors, and direct to consumer (“DTC”), which is focused on driving consumers to directly purchase product through its online web platform.
Retail-partner based channel
The Company’s Retail channel includes the sale of goods to customers for resale. The Company records revenue net of discounts. Discounts primarily consist of early pay discounts, general percentage allowances and contractual trade promotions such as auto-ship subscriptions, and cooperative agreements with third party distributors. Retail-partner based customers are not subject to sales tax. The Retail channel represents 76% and 75% of consolidated revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, and 9% and 10% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019.
Shipping costs associated with moving finished products to customers through third party carriers were less than $0.1 million and $0.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, and no shipping costs were recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. Such shipping costs are recorded as part of general and administrative expenses.
Direct to consumer channel
The Company’s DTC products are offered through online stores where customers place orders directly for delivery across the United States. The DTC channel represents 24% and 25% of consolidated revenue of the Company for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, and 91% and 90% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively.
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The Company excludes sales taxes collected from revenues. Revenue is deferred for orders that have been paid for, but not shipped. Based on historical experience, the Company records an estimated liability for returns. Product returns were $0.1 million and $0.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, and $0.1 million and $0.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019.
Shipping costs associated with moving finished products to customers were $0.3 million and $1.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, and $0.6 million and $1.8 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. Such shipping costs are recorded as part of general and administrative expenses.
The Company’s DTC loyalty program enables customers to accumulate points based on spending. A portion of revenue is deferred at the time of the sale when points are earned and recognized when the loyalty points are redeemed. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, customers held unredeemed loyalty program awards of $0.3 million and $0.2 million, respectively. The Company recognized revenue of $0.1 million and $0.4 million from the loyalty program for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, and $0.1 million and $0.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively.
The amount included in net sales related to recoveries of shipping costs from customers for direct to consumer sales was $0.2 million and $0.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, and $0.2 million and $0.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively.
Note 4 – Inventory
Inventories are summarized as follows:
Dollars in thousands
September 30,
2020
December 31,
2019
Food, treats and supplements
$5,054
$6,425
Inventory packaging and supplies
564
504
Other products and accessories
12
73
Total Inventories
5,630
7,002
Inventory reserve
(508)
(422)
Inventories, net
$5,122
$6,580
Note 5 – Prepaid expenses and other current assets
On August 28, 2019, the Company entered into a radio advertising agreement with iHeart and issued 1,000,000 shares of common stock valued at $3.4 million for future advertising to be provided to the Company from August 2019 to August 2021. The Company issued an additional 125,000 shares valued at $0.1 million on March 5, 2020 pursuant to the agreement. The agreement requires the Company to spend a minimum amount for talent and other direct iHeart costs. The Company committed to using $1.7 million of the media advertising inventory by August 28, 2020, with the remainder of the advertising available through August 28, 2021. On August 28, 2020 the contract was amended to extend the commitment dates by one year, whereas $1.7 million of the advertising media inventory will now be used by August 28, 2021, with the remainder available through August 28, 2022. Prepaid advertising was $3.0 million as of September 30, 2020 and $2.8 million as of December 31, 2019. Of the total prepaid advertising amount, $1.3 million and $1.7 million is recorded in prepaid expenses and other current assets and $1.7 million and $1.1 million in other non-current assets as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, $0.6 million of the $3.4 million of the prepaid advertising was incurred.
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Note 6 – Property and equipment
Property and equipment consist of the following:
Dollars in thousands
September 30,
2020
December 31,
2019
Equipment
$216
$222
Furniture and fixtures
199
138
Computer software
111
115
Computer equipment
2
4
Total property and equipment
528
479
Accumulated depreciation
(223)
(62)
Property and equipment, net
$305
$417
Depreciation expense was less than $0.1 million and less than $0.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, and less than $0.1 million for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019. Depreciation expense is included as a component of general and administrative expenses.
Note 7 – Accrued liabilities
Accrued liabilities consist of the following:
Dollars in thousands
September 30,
2020
December 31,
2019
Accrued professional fees
$1,802
$1,695
Accrued sales tax
1,041
1,233
Accrued payroll and benefits
1,154
994
Accrued trade promotions
360
357
Accrued dividends
359
256
Accrued interest
359
109
Other
296
77
Total accrued liabilities
$5,371
$4,721
Accrued dividends related to the Series E are $0.4 million and $0.3 million as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. In connection with the issuance of Series F Preferred Stock in October 2020, all accrued dividends were settled through the terms of the exchange agreement related to the Series E preferred stock. See “Note 21—Subsequent events” for additional information.
Note 8 – Operating leases
The table below presents certain information related to the lease costs for operating leases for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:
 
For the Nine Months Ended
For the Three Months Ended
Dollars in thousands
September 30,
2020
September 30,
2019
September 30,
2020
September 30,
2019
Operating lease costs
$331
$219
$110
$95
Variable lease costs
27
24
11
8
Total operating lease costs
$358
$243
$121
$103
As of September 30, 2020, the weighted-average remaining operating lease term was 1.9 years and the incremental borrowing rate was 12.5% for operating leases recognized on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets. Short term lease costs, excluding expenses relating to leases with a lease term of one month or less, were less than $0.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company recorded less than $0.1 million of short term lease costs, respectively.
Rent expense was $0.2 and $0.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, and $0.2 million and $0.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively.
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Undiscounted cash flows
The table below reconciles the undiscounted cash flows for the remaining term of the operating lease liabilities recorded on the condensed consolidated balance sheets:
Dollars in thousands
Operating
Leases
Remainder of 2020
$114
2021
464
2022
246
2023
7
Total minimum lease payments
$831
Less: amount of lease payments representing interest
86
Present value of future minimum lease payments
$745
Less: current obligations under leases
395
Long-term lease obligations
$350
Note 9 – Intangible assets, royalties, and goodwill
Intangible assets and royalties
The Company’s intangible assets as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 consist of customer relationships and trade name acquired in the Halo Acquisition. The customer relationships and trade name are amortized over their estimated useful lives of 7 and 15 years respectively, using the straight-line method.
In May 2019, the Company acquired a licensing agreement with Authentic Brands and Elvis Presley Enterprises (“ABG”) whereby Better Choice Company was to sell newly developed hemp-derived CBD products that were to be marketed under the Elvis Presley Houndog name. The license agreement required an upfront equity payment of $1.0 million worth of common stock and the license was recorded at its amortized cost which approximated fair value. The Company did not plan to use the license in the future and therefore terminated the agreement on January 13, 2020. The Company recognized an impairment charge for the net book value of the licensing agreement as of and for the year ended December 31, 2019.
As part of the termination, the Company: (1) paid ABG $0.1 million in cash upon the signing of the termination agreement on January 13, 2020, (2) issued ABG 72,720 shares of the Company’s common stock on January 13, 2020, (3) agreed to pay ABG $0.1 million in cash in four equal installments each month from July 31, 2020 through October 31, 2020, (4) issued ABG $0.6 million aggregate principal amount of Subordinated Promissory Notes (the “ABG Notes”) effective January 20, 2020, and (5) issued ABG a common stock purchase warrant (the “ABG Warrants”) equal to a fair value of $150,000 on January 20, 2020. The terms of the ABG Notes match those of the Seller Notes, including convertible features exercisable any time after the date of issuance, a 10% interest rate and maturity date of June 30, 2023. The ABG Warrants are exercisable for 24 months from the date of the consummation of an IPO (as defined in the ABG Warrants) and carried an initial exercise price equal to the greater of (i) $5.00 per share or (ii) the price at which the common stock was sold in the IPO. The fair values of the ABG Notes and ABG Warrants on their issuance dates were $0.6 million and less than $0.1 million, respectively. On June 24, 2020, the exercise price of the ABG Warrants was amended in connection with the issuance of the June 2020 Notes (defined below) to lower the maximum exercise price from $5.00 to $4.25 per share.
The total cost of the contract termination noted above is measured at its fair value of $1.1 million and is included in general and administrative expense.
The Company’s intangible assets are as follows:
 
 
September 30, 2020
Dollars in thousands
Estimated
Useful Life
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net Carrying
Amount
Customer relationships
7
$7,500
$(848)
$6,652
Trade name
15
7,190
(346)
6,844
Total intangible assets
 
$14,690
$(1,194)
$13,496
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December 31, 2019
Dollars in thousands
Estimated
Useful Life
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net Carrying
Amount
Customer relationships
7
$7,500
$(35)
$7,465
Trade name
15
7,190
(14)
7,176
Total intangible assets
 
$14,690
$(49)
$14,641
The Company did not have intangible assets or amortization expense during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019.
The estimated future amortization of intangible assets over the weighted average remaining useful life of 10.3 is as follows:
Dollars in thousands
 
Remainder of 2020
$357
2021
1,551
2022
1,551
2023
1,551
2024
1,551
Thereafter
6,935
 
$13,496
Note 10 – Debt
The components of the Company’s debt consist of the following:
 
September 30, 2020
December 31, 2019
Dollars in thousands
Amount
Rate
Maturity
Date
Amount
Rate
Maturity
Date
Short term loan, net
$19,369
(1)
12/19/2020
$16,061
(1)
12/19/2020
Line of credit, net
5,048
(2)
7/5/2022
4,819
(1)
12/19/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
November 2019 notes payable, net (November 2019 Notes)
2,736
10%
6/30/2023
2,769
10%
11/4/2021
December 2019 senior notes payable, net (Seller Notes)
9,993
10%
6/30/2023
9,191
10%
6/30/2023
December 2019 junior notes payable, net (Seller Notes)
4,797
10%
6/30/2023
4,410
10%
6/30/2023
ABG Notes
674
10%
6/30/2023
June 2020 notes payable, net (June 2020 Notes)
40
10%
6/30/2023
Halo PPP Loan
431
1%
5/3/2022
 
TruPet PPP Loan
421
.98%
4/6/2022
Total debt
43,509
 
 
37,250
 
 
Less current portion
19,827
 
 
20,880
 
 
Total long term debt
$23,682
 
 
$16,370
 
 
(1)
Interest at Bank of Montreal Prime plus 8.05%
(2)
Interest at a variable rate of LIBOR plus 250 basis points with an interest rate floor of 3.25% per annum
Short term loan and line of credit
On the Halo Acquisition date, December 19, 2019, the Company entered into a Loan Facilities Agreement (the “Facilities Agreement”) by and among the Company, as the borrower, the several lenders from time to time parties thereto (collectively, the “Lenders”) and a private debt lender, as agent (the “Agent”). The Facilities Agreement
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provided for (i) a term loan facility of $20.5 million and (ii) a revolving demand loan facility not to exceed $7.5 million. The term loan is scheduled to mature on December 19, 2020 or such earlier date on which a demand is made by the Agent or any Lender. The remaining revolving credit facility balance of $5.1 million was repaid in full with a portion of the proceeds from the ABL Facility, discussed below, and resulted in a loss on debt extinguishment of $0.1 million.
As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the term loan outstanding was $19.4 million and $16.1 million, net of debt issuance costs and discounts of $1.1 million and $4.4 million, respectively, and the line of credit outstanding was $5.0 million and $4.8 million, respectively, net of debt issuance costs and discounts of $0.3 million and $0.2 million, respectively. The debt issuance costs and discounts are amortized using the effective interest method.
Certain directors and shareholders of the Company (“Shareholder Guarantors”) agreed to enter into a Continuing Guaranty (the “Shareholder Guaranties”) in the amount of $20.0 million and guarantee the Company’s obligations under the Facilities Agreement. As consideration for the Shareholder Guaranties, the Company issued common stock purchase warrants to the Shareholder Guarantors in an amount equal to 0.325 warrants for each dollar of debt under the agreement guaranteed by such Shareholder Guarantors (the “Guarantor Warrants”). The Guarantor Warrants are exercisable any time from the date of issuance for up to 24 months from the date of the consummation of an IPO (as defined therein) at an exercise price $1.82 per share. The Guarantor Warrants had a fair value of $4.2 million on the date of issuance.
On July 16, 2020, the Company entered into a revolving line of credit with Citizens Business Bank in the aggregate amount of $7.5 million (the “ABL Facility”). The proceeds of the ABL Facility were used (i) to repay all principal, interest and fees outstanding under the Company’s existing revolving credit facility and (ii) for general corporate purposes. Debt issuance costs of less than $0.1 million were incurred related to the Company entering into this revolving line of credit.
The ABL Facility matures on July 5, 2022 and bears interest at a variable rate of LIBOR plus 250 basis points, with an interest rate floor of 3.25% per annum. Accrued interest on the ABL Facility is payable monthly commencing on August 5, 2020. The ABL Agreement provides for customary financial covenants, such as maintaining a specified adjusted EBITDA and a maximum senior debt leverage ratio, that commence on December 31, 2020 and customary events of default, including, among others, those relating to failure to make payment, bankruptcy, breaches of representations and material adverse effects. The Company may prepay the principal of the ABL Facility at any time without incurring any prepayment charges.
The ABL Facility is secured by a general security interest on the assets of the Company and is personally guaranteed by a member of the Company’s board of directors.
As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company was in compliance with its debt covenants.
Notes payable
On November 4, 2019, the Company issued $2.8 million of subordinated convertible notes (the “November 2019 Notes”) which carry a 10% interest rate and mature on November 4, 2021. The interest is payable in arrears on March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31 of each year. Payment in kind (“PIK”) interest is payable by increasing the aggregate principal amount of the November 2019 Notes. The November 2019 Notes are exercisable any time from the date of issuance and carried an initial conversion price of the lower of (a) $4.00 per share or (b) the IPO Price. The IPO Price is the price at which the Company’s stock will be sold in a future IPO. The Company issued incremental warrants associated with the November 2019 Notes with a fair value of less than $0.1 million on the date of issuance.
The November 2019 Notes were amended on January 6, 2020. The amendment incorporates only the preferable terms of the Seller Notes as noted below, and all other terms and provisions of the November 2019 Notes remain in full force and effect. As amended, for so long as any event of default (as defined in the November 2019 Note) exists, interest shall accrue on the November 2019 Note principal at the default interest rate of 12.0% per annum, and such accrued interest shall be immediately due and payable.
The November 2019 Notes were amended for the second time on June 24, 2020 in connection with the issuance of the June 2020 Notes. The amendment lowers the maximum conversion price applicable to the conversion of these notes from $4.00 per share to $3.75 per share and extends the maturity date from November 4, 2021 to June 30, 2023.
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Under the applicable accounting guidance, the Company accounted for the change in conversion price as a modification of the debt instrument. The Company recognized the increase in the fair value of the conversion option of $0.3 million as a reduction to the carrying amount of the debt instrument by increasing the associated debt discount with a corresponding increase in additional paid-in capital.
As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the aggregate amount of November 2019 Notes outstanding was $2.7 million and $2.8 million, respectively, net of discounts of less than $0.3 million and less than $0.1 million, respectively. The discounts are being amortized over the life of the November 2019 Notes using the effective interest method.
On December 19, 2019, the Company issued $10.0 million and $5.0 million in senior subordinated convertible notes (the “Senior Seller Notes”) and junior subordinated convertible notes (the “Junior Seller Notes” and together with the Senior Seller Notes, the “Seller Notes”), respectively, to the sellers of Halo. The Seller Notes are exercisable any time from the date of issuance and carry a 10% interest rate and mature on June 30, 2023. Interest is payable in arrears on March 31, June 30, September 30, and December 31 of each year. PIK interest is payable by increasing the aggregate principal amount of the Seller Notes. The Seller Notes carried an initial conversion price of the lower of (a) $4.00 per share or (b) the IPO Price.
The Seller Notes were amended on June 24, 2020 in connection with the issuance of the June 2020 Notes. The amendment lowers the maximum conversion price applicable to the conversion of these notes from $4.00 per share to $3.75 per share. The Company accounted for the change in the conversion price as a modification of the debt instrument. The Company recognized the increase in the fair value of the conversion option of less than of $0.3 million as a reduction to the carrying amounts of the debt instruments by increasing the associated debt discounts with a corresponding increase in additional paid-in capital.
As of September 30, 2020, the Senior Seller Notes outstanding were $10.0 million, net of discounts of less than $0.9 million, and the Junior Seller Notes outstanding were $4.8 million, net of discounts of less than $0.6 million. As of December 31, 2019, the Senior Seller Notes outstanding were $9.2 million, net of discounts of $0.9 million, and the Junior Seller Notes outstanding were $4.4 million, net of discounts of $0.5 million. The discounts are being amortized over the life of the Seller Notes using the effective interest method.
On January 13, 2020, the Company issued $0.6 million in senior subordinated convertible notes to ABG. The ABG Notes are exercisable any time from the date of issuance and carry a 10% interest rate and mature on June 30, 2023. The interest is payable in arrears on March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31 of each year. PIK interest is payable by increasing the aggregate principal amount of the ABG Notes. The ABG Notes carried an initial conversion price of the lower of (a) $4.00 per share or (b) the IPO Price.
The ABG Notes were amended on June 24, 2020 in connection with the issuance of the June 2020 Notes. The amendment lowers the maximum conversion price applicable to the conversion of these notes from $4.00 per share to $3.75 per share. The Company accounted for the change in the conversion price as a modification of the debt instrument. The Company recognized the increase in the fair value of the conversion option of less than $0.1 million as a reduction to the carrying amount of the debt instrument by decreasing the associated debt premium with a corresponding increase in additional paid-in capital.
As of September 30, 2020, the ABG Notes outstanding was $0.7 million, including a debt premium of less than $0.1 million. The debt premium is being amortized over the life of the ABG Notes using the effective interest method.
On June 24, 2020, the Company issued $1.5 million in subordinated convertible promissory notes (the “June 2020 Notes”) which carry a 10% interest rate and mature on June 30, 2023. The interest is payable quarterly in arrears on March 31, June 30, September 30, and December 31 of each year. PIK interest is payable by increasing the aggregate principal amount of the June 2020 Notes. The June 2020 Notes are convertible any time from the date of issuance and carry a conversion price $0.75 per share. The June 2020 Notes are also convertible automatically upon the Company’s consummation of an initial public offering or change in control (each as defined in the June 2020 Notes).
The Company evaluated the conversion option within the June 2020 Notes to determine whether the conversion price was beneficial to the note holders. The Company recorded a beneficial conversion feature (“BCF”) related to the issuance of the June 2020 Notes. The BCF for the June 2020 Notes was recognized and measured by allocating a portion of the proceeds to the beneficial conversion feature, based on relative fair value, and as a reduction to the
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carrying amount of the convertible instrument equal to the intrinsic value of the conversion feature limited to the proceeds amount allocated to the instrument. The Company will accrete the discount recorded in connection with the BCF valuation as interest expense over the term of the June 2020 Notes, using the effective interest rate method.
As of September 30, 2020, the amount outstanding on the June 2020 Notes was $0.0 million, net of discounts of $1.5 million. The discounts are being amortized over the life of the June 2020 Notes using the effective interest method.
The exercise, conversion or exchange of convertible securities, including for other securities, will dilute the percentage ownership of the Company’s stockholders. The dilutive effect of the exercise or conversion of these securities may adversely affect the Company’s ability to obtain additional capital.
As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company was in compliance with all covenant requirements and there were no events of default. All notes payable are subordinated to the short term loan and line of credit.
PPP loans
On April 10, 2020, TruPet, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Better Choice Company Inc., was granted a loan from JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. in the aggregate amount of $0.4 million, pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) under Division A, Title I of the CARES Act (the “TruPet PPP Loan”). The loan matures on April 6, 2022 and bears interest at a rate of 0.98% per annum, with interest and principal payable monthly, commencing on November 6, 2020. As of September 30, 2020, the TruPet PPP Loan outstanding was $0.4 million.
On May 7, 2020, Halo, Purely for Pets, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Better Choice Company Inc., was granted a loan from JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. in the aggregate amount of $0.4 million, pursuant to the PPP (the “Halo PPP Loan”). The loan matures on May 3, 2022 and bears interest at a rate of 1.00% per annum, with interest and principal payable monthly, commencing on November 1, 2020. As of September 30, 2020, the Halo PPP Loan outstanding was $0.4 million.
Under the terms of the PPP, certain amounts of the loans may be forgiven if they are used for qualifying expenses as described in the CARES Act. The Company has used the entire loan amounts for qualifying expenses.
The Company recorded interest expense related to its outstanding indebtedness of $2.6 million and $7.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, and less than $0.1 million and $0.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively.
The fair value of the November 2019, Senior Seller Notes and Junior Seller Notes, ABG Notes, June 2020 Notes and PPP loans were approximately $2.9 million, $10.4 million, $5.1 million, $0.6 million, $1.5 million, and $0.7 million, respectively, as of September 30, 2020. Fair value was determined by applying the income approach using a discounted cash flow model which primarily uses unobservable inputs (Level 3).
The carrying amount of the Company’s short term loan approximates fair value due to its short term nature. The carrying amount for the Company’s line of credit approximates fair value as the instrument has a variable interest rate that approximates market rates.
Note 11 – Warrant derivative liability
On December 12, 2018, the Company closed a private placement offering (the “December Offering”) of 1,425,641 units (the “Units”), each unit consisting of (i) one share of the Company’s common stock and (ii) a warrant (the "December 2018 Warrants") to purchase one half of a share of common stock. The Units were offered at a fixed price of $1.95 per Unit for gross proceeds of $2.8 million. Costs associated with the December Offering were $0.1 million, and net proceeds were $2.7 million. The December Offering generated $2.6 million of net proceeds that were received by the Company during the year ended December 31, 2018 for the sale of 1,400,000 Units, and $0.1 million of the net proceeds were received on January 8, 2019 for the sale of 25,641 Units. The warrants are exercisable anytime from the date of issuance over a two-year period and carried an initial exercise price of $3.90 per share.
The warrants include an option to settle in cash in the event of a change of control of the Company and a reset feature if the Company issues shares of common stock with a strike price below the exercise price of the warrants, which requires the Company to record the warrants as a derivative liability. The Company calculates the fair value of the derivative liability through a Monte Carlo Model that values the warrants based upon a probability weighted discounted cash flow model.
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During January 2020, the Company issued shares below the exercise price of the warrants acquired on May 6, 2019. Pursuant to the warrant agreement, the Company issued an additional 1,003,232 warrants on March 17, 2020 to certain of its warrant holders at an exercise price of $1.62 and modified the exercise price of the existing warrants to $1.62.
During June 2020, the Company issued common stock equivalents below the exercise price of the warrants issued on March 17, 2020. Pursuant to the warrant agreement, the Company issued an additional 1,990,624 warrants to certain of its warrant holders at an exercise price of $0.75 and modified the exercise price of the existing warrants to $0.75.
During September 2020, the Company amended all of the common stock purchase warrants issued in connection with the December 2018 Warrants to eliminate certain anti-dilution rights, fix the number of shares of common stock purchasable under each of the outstanding December 2018 Warrants, and set the exercise price thereof at $0.65 per share. Pursuant to the warrant agreement, the Company issued an additional 570,258 warrants to certain of its warrant holders at an exercise price of $0.65.
The warrants are valued based on future assumptions and, as the reset triggers were known events on September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company included the triggers in the valuations performed as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.
The following schedule shows the fair value of the warrant derivative liability as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, and the change in fair value during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020:
Dollars in thousands
Warrant
derivative
liability
Balance as of December 31, 2019
$2,220
Change in fair value of derivative liability
(1,379)
Balance as of March 31, 2020
$841
Change in fair value of derivative liability
3,474
Balance as of June 30, 2020
$4,315
Change in fair value of derivative liability
(4,213)
Balance as of September 30, 2020
$102
Warrant derivative liability
May 6,
2019
December 31,
2019
September 30,
2020
Stock price
$6.00
$2.70
$0.49
Exercise price
$3.90
$1.62
$0.65
Expected remaining term (in years)
1.60 - 1.68
0.95 - 1.02
0.22
Volatility
64%
69%
75%
Risk-free interest rate
2.39%
1.60%
0.09%
The valuation of the warrants is subject to uncertainty as a result of the unobservable inputs. If the volatility rate or risk-free interest rate were to change, the value of the warrants would be impacted.
As of September 30, 2020, the Company would be required to pay $0.2 million if all warrants were settled in cash or issue 4,276,937 shares if all warrants were settled in shares.
Note 12 – Other liabilities
As of September 30, 2020, other liabilities totaled $1.7 million consisting of $0.2 million related to a reserve for a potential customer dispute and $1.5 million of investor prepayment funds related to the issuance of Series F preferred stock. As of December 31, 2019, other liabilities consisted of a settlement of $0.5 million as a prepayment for the issuance of common stock.
Note 13 – Commitments and contingencies
In the normal course of business, the Company may be subject to various legal claims and contingencies that arise, including claims related to commercial transactions, product liability, health and safety, taxes, environmental matters, employee matters and other matters. Litigation is subject to numerous uncertainties and the outcome of individual
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claims and contingencies is not predictable. It is possible that some legal matters for which reserves have or have not been established could result in an unfavorable outcome for the Company and any such unfavorable outcome could be of a material nature or have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Management is not aware of any claims or lawsuits that may have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial position or results of operations of the Company.
The Company had no purchase obligations as of September 30, 2020 or December 31, 2019.
Note 14 – Stockholders’ deficit
As a result of the reverse acquisition of Better Choice Company and Bona Vida by TruPet in May 2019, the historical TruPet members’ equity (units and incentive units) have been re-cast to reflect the equivalent Better Choice common stock for all periods presented after the transaction. Prior to the transaction in May 2019, TruPet was a limited liability company and as such, the concept of authorized shares was not relevant.
A summary of equity transactions for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 is set forth below:
On February 12, 2019, the Company issued 69,115 Series A Preferred Units in a private placement at $2.17 per unit. The proceeds were approximately $0.2 million, net of share issuance costs. On May 6, 2019, all Series A Preferred Shares were converted to 2,460,518 shares of common stock.
On May 6, 2019, the Company acquired 1,011,748 shares of common stock valued at $6.1 million representing its initial 7% investment in TruPet. These shares are recorded as an acquisition of treasury shares.
On May 6, 2019, the Company issued 5,744,991 units for gross proceeds of $3.00 per unit in a PIPE transaction. Each unit included one share of common stock of Better Choice Company stock and a warrant to purchase an additional share. The funds raised from the PIPE were used to fund the operations of the combined company. Net proceeds of $15.7 million were received in the private placement, allocable between shares of common stock and warrants.
On May 6, 2019, the Company acquired 2,633,678 outstanding shares of Series E, which represented an element of the purchase price and were recorded at fair value (on an as converted into common stock basis) based on the $6.00 per share closing price of Better Choice Company’s shares of common stock as they remained outstanding after the reverse acquisitions discussed in “Note 2—Acquisitions” above. The Series E has a stated value of $0.99 per share; is convertible to common stock at a price of $0.78 per share.
On May 10, 2019 and May 13, 2019, holders of the Company’s Series E converted 689,394 and 236,364 preferred shares into 875,000 and 300,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, respectively.
Pursuant to the employment agreement of an officer with Bona Vida dated October 29, 2018, the officer was entitled to a $500,000 change of control payment. The officer later agreed to receive 100,000 shares of Better Choice Company common stock. The 100,000 shares of common stock were valued at $6.00 per share, which was the market value as of the date of the May Acquisitions.
On August 28, 2019, the Company issued 1,000,000 shares of Common Stock valued at $3.4 million to iHeartMedia for future advertising to be incurred from August 2019 to August 2021. Refer to “Note 5—Prepaid expenses and other current assets” for more information.
On January 2, 2020, the Company issued 308,642 shares of common stock to an investor for net proceeds of $0.5 million, net of issuance costs of less than $0.1 million.
On January 13, 2020, the Company issued 72,720 shares of common stock to ABG in connection with the termination of a licensing agreement discussed in “Note 9—Intangible assets, royalties, and goodwill”.
On March 3, 2020, the Company issued 450,000 shares of restricted common stock to three non-employee directors in return for services provided in their capacity as directors.
On March 5, 2020, the Company issued 125,000 shares of common stock for advertising services.
On March 30, 2020, the Company issued 5,956 restricted shares of common stock to an officer of the Company.
On September 22, 2020, the Company issued 200,000 shares of Common Stock in connection with a warrant exercise.
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The Company has reserved common stock for future issuance as follows:
 
September 30,
2020
December 31,
2019
Conversion of Series E
1,760,903
1,760,903
Exercise of options to purchase common stock
7,241,942
7,791,833
Warrants to purchase common stock
19,898,859
16,981,854
Notes payable
7,346,568
4,437,500
Total
36,248,272
30,972,090
Warrants
On May 6, 2019, in connection with the May Acquisitions, the Company acquired 712,823 warrants to purchase common stock with a weighted average exercise price of $3.90. The Company also issued 5,744,991 warrants with an exercise price of $4.25 on May 6, 2019 as part of the PIPE. Additionally, in connection with the PIPE transaction, the Company issued 220,539 warrants to brokers with an exercise price of $3.00. The warrants are exercisable on the date of issuance and expire 24 months from the date of the consummation of a future IPO.
On September 17, 2019, a Company advisor was issued 2,500,000 warrants with an exercise price of $0.10 and 1,500,000 warrants with an exercise price of $10.00. The warrants were exercisable as follows: 1,250,000 of the warrants with the $0.10 exercise price (the “Tranche 1 Warrants”) were exercisable on the earlier of the twelve-month anniversary of the issuance date or immediately prior to a change in control subject to the advisor’s continued service to the Company; the remaining 1,250,000 of the warrants with the $0.10 exercise price (the “Tranche 2 Warrants”) and the 1,500,000 warrants with the $10.00 exercise price (the Tranche 3 Warrants) were exercisable on the earlier of the eighteen-month anniversary of the issuance date or immediately prior to a change in control subject to the advisor’s continued service to the Company.
On June 1, 2020, the Company entered into a termination agreement (the “Termination Agreement”) with the advisor. Pursuant to the terms of the Termination Agreement, the Tranche 1 Warrants were amended to reduce the number of shares of common stock purchasable thereunder to 1,041,666 shares, and the Tranche 2 Warrants and Tranche 3 Warrants were cancelled. The Tranche 1 Warrants (as amended pursuant to the Termination Agreement) were fully vested as of the date of the termination of the agreement and will remain exercisable until September 17, 2029. Furthermore, if the Company engages in any restricted business line as defined in the Termination Agreement, the Company will issue to the former advisor additional shares of common stock based on formulas intended to compensate the former advisor for the warrants that were reduced or terminated.
In connection with the Termination Agreement, the Company recorded expense of $5.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2020. This amount is included in general and administrative expense.
On November 4, 2019, the Company issued 11,000 warrants in connection with the November 2019 Notes. The warrants are exercisable on the date of issuance and expire 24 months from the date of the consummation of a future initial public offering (“IPO”). The warrants carried an initial exercise price equal to the greater of (i) $5.00 per share or (ii) the price at which the common stock of the Company was sold in the IPO.
On December 19, 2019, the Company issued 937,500 warrants in connection with the Seller Notes. The warrants are exercisable on the date of issuance and expire 24 months from the date of the consummation of a future initial public offering (“IPO”). The warrants carried an initial exercise price equal to the greater of (i) $5.00 per share or (ii) the price at which the common stock of the Company was sold in the IPO.
On June 24, 2020, the warrants related to the November 2019 Notes and Seller Notes were amended in connection with the issuance of the June 2020 Notes to lower the maximum exercise price applicable to these warrants from $5.00 to $4.25 per share. The decrease in the exercise price resulted in an increase to the fair value of the warrants of less than $0.2 million which the Company recognized in general and administrative expense.
On December 19, 2019 the Company issued 6,500,000 warrants with an exercise price of $1.82 in conjunction with the short term loan (the “Guarantor Warrants”). The warrants are exercisable on the date of issuance and expire 24 months from the date of the consummation of a future IPO.
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On March 17, 2020, 1,003,232 warrants were issued to holders of warrants issued on May 6, 2019 due to the dilutive impact of subsequent issuances. The Company issued an additional 2,560,883 warrants to holders of these warrants due to the further dilutive impact of subsequent issuances.
On June 24, 2020, the Company issued common stock purchase warrants (the “June 2020 Warrants”) to purchase up to 1,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at $1.25 per share in connection with the June 2020 Notes. The June 2020 Warrants are exercisable on the date of issuance and expire on the earlier of (i) 84 months from the date of the consummation of an underwritten public offering or other up-list transaction or (ii) June 30, 2030.
On June 24, 2020, the Company issued warrants to purchase up to 1,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at $1.25 per share to two non-employee directors. The warrants are exercisable on the date of issuance and expire on the earlier of (i) 84 months from the date of the consummation of an underwritten public offering or other up-list transaction or (ii) June 30, 2030.
On July 20, 2020, the Company issued common stock purchase warrants to purchase up to 300,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at a price equal to $1.05 per share in consideration for a personal guarantee by a member of the Company's board of directors on the ABL Facility (the “July 2020 Guarantor Warrants”). Additionally, on July 20, 2020, the Company issued common stock purchase warrants to purchase up to 200,000 shares of the Company's common stock to two non-employee directors at a price of $1.05 per share (the “July 2020 Director Warrants” and together with the July 2020 Guarantor Warrants, the “July 2020 Warrants”). The July 2020 Warrants are exercisable on the date of issuance and expire on the earlier of (i) 84 months from the date of the consummation of an underwritten public offering or other up-list transaction or (ii) June 30, 2030.
 
Warrants
Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
Warrants outstanding as of December 31, 2019
16,981,854
$3.23
Issued
6,125,339
0.91
Exercised
(250,000)
(0.10)
Terminated
(2,958,334)
(5.12)
Warrants outstanding as of September 30, 2020
19,898,859
$2.13
The intrinsic value of outstanding warrants was $0.3 million and $12.2 million as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
Note 15 - Share-based compensation
The Company recognizes compensation cost for stock option awards with only service conditions that have a graded vesting schedule on a straight-line basis over the service period for each separate vesting portion of the award as if the award was, in-substance, multiple awards. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company recognized $1.5 million and $7.0 million of share-based compensation expense, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 the Company recognized $2.5 million and $6.7 million of share-based compensation expense, respectively.
The Company acquired the Better Choice Company Inc. 2019 Incentive Award Plan (the “2019 Plan”) which became effective as of April 29, 2019. The 2019 Plan provides for the grant of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, other stock or cash-based awards or a dividend equivalent award (each an “Award”). On November 11, 2019, the Company received shareholder approval for the Amended and Restated 2019 Incentive Award Plan (the “Amended 2019 Plan”). Under the Amended 2019 Plan, the number of option awards available for issuance increased from 6,000,000 to 9,000,000 on December 19, 2019.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company granted 300,000 stock options. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company granted 160,000 and 5,993,000 stock options, respectively.
Note 16 - Related party transactions
Marketing services
A company controlled by a member of the board of directors provided online traffic acquisition marketing services for the Company. The Company incurred immaterial amounts for their services during the nine months ended September 30, 2020. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company incurred less than
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$0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2020, the Company had no outstanding balance and as of December 31, 2019 the outstanding balance was less than $0.1 million and was included in accounts payable in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Notes payable
The Company issued $1.4 million of subordinated convertible notes to a member of the board of directors during the year ended December 2019, and $0.8 million of subordinated convertible notes to the same director during June 2020. The notes remain outstanding as of September 30, 2020. Interest related to the subordinated convertible notes was less than $0.1 million and $0.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively.
Halo transaction bonus and notes payable
The Company issued $0.1 million of subordinated convertible notes to an executive in satisfaction of a transaction bonus as per his employment agreement upon the close of the Halo Acquisition in December 2019. These convertible notes are outstanding as of September 30, 2020.
Note 17 – Income taxes
For the periods ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded no current or deferred income tax expense.
The Company’s effective tax rate of 0% differs from the United States federal statutory rate of 21% primarily because the Company’s losses have been fully offset by a valuation allowance due to uncertainty of realizing the tax benefit of net operating losses (“NOLs”) for the periods ended September 30, 2020 and year ended December 31, 2019.
The Company’s deferred tax assets attributed to net operating loss carryforwards begin to expire in 2027.
On March 27, 2020, President Trump signed into law the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”). The CARES Act, among other things, includes provisions relating to refundable payroll tax credits, deferment of employer side social security payments, net operating loss carryback periods, alternative minimum tax credit refunds, modifications to the net interest deduction limitations and technical corrections to tax depreciation methods for qualified improvement property. The Company continues to examine the impact that the CARES Act may have on its business but does not expect the impact to be material.
The ultimate realization of deferred taxes is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. On the basis of management’s assessment, a valuation allowance equal to the net deferred tax assets was recorded since it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
The Company has no accrued interest and penalties related to uncertain income tax positions. The Company does not anticipate that the amount of unrecognized tax benefits will significantly increase or decrease within the next twelve months. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company does not have any significant uncertain tax positions. If incurred, the Company would classify interest and penalties on uncertain tax positions as income tax expense.
The Company’s income tax returns generally remain open for examination for three years from the date filed with each taxing jurisdiction.
For the period ended May 6, 2019, the Company was a limited liability company, taxed as a partnership. Thus, all of the Company’s income and losses flowed through to the owners. The company converted to a C-corporation, subject to income tax on May 6, 2019, the date of the May Acquisitions.
Note 18 – Major suppliers
The Company sourced approximately 78% of its inventory purchases from three vendors for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The Company sourced approximately 85% of its inventory purchases from one vendor for the nine months ended September 30, 2019.
Note 19 – Concentration of credit risk and off-balance sheet risk
Cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 the Company’s cash and cash equivalents were deposited in
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accounts at several financial institutions. The Company maintains its cash and cash equivalents with high-quality, accredited financial institutions and, accordingly, such funds are subject to minimal credit risk. The Company may maintain balances with financial institutions in excess of federally insured limits.
The Company has not experienced any losses historically in these accounts and believes it is not exposed to significant credit risk in its cash and cash equivalents. The Company has no significant off-balance sheet concentrations of credit risk, such as foreign currency exchange contracts, option contracts, or other hedging arrangements. Accounts receivable from three customers represented 70% of accounts receivable as of September 30, 2020. Accounts receivable from one customer represented 44% of accounts receivable as of December 31, 2019.
Two customers represented 35% of gross sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. None of the Company’s customers represented greater than 10% of gross sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2019.
Note 20 – Net loss per share
Basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is presented using the treasury stock method. Under the treasury stock method, the amount the employee must pay for exercising stock options and the amount of compensation cost for future service that has not yet been recognized are collectively assumed to be used to repurchase shares.
Basic and diluted net loss per share is calculated by dividing net and comprehensive loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average shares outstanding during the period. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company’s basic and diluted net and comprehensive loss per share attributable to common stockholders are the same, because the Company has generated a net loss to common stockholders and common stock equivalents are excluded from diluted net loss per share as they have an antidilutive impact.
The following table sets forth basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:
Dollars in thousands
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Common stockholders
2020
2019
2020
2019
Numerator:
 
 
 
 
Net and comprehensive loss
$(29,551)
$(170,311)
$(1,693)
$(6,025)
Less: Preferred stock dividends
103
70
35
43
Net and comprehensive loss available to common stockholders
$(29,654)
$(170,381)
$(1,728)
$(6,068)
Denominator:
 
 
 
 
Weighted average shares used in computing net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted
48,809,740
28,624,230
48,961,447
43,575,010
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted
$(0.61)
$(5.95)
$(0.04)
$(0.14)
Note 21 – Subsequent events
Issuance of Series F Preferred Stock and Exchange of Series E Preferred Stock
During October, 2020, the Company consummated an insider-led equity financing, including the transactions contemplated by a securities purchase agreement (the “Securities Purchase Agreement”) between the Company and certain accredited and sophisticated investors (the “Purchasers”) and an exchange agreement (the “Series E Exchange Agreement”) between the Company and Cavalry Fund LP (“Cavalry”), the holder of all of the Company’s outstanding Series E preferred stock.
Pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Company, in a private placement (the “Series F Private Placement”), issued and sold units (the “Series F Units”) to the Purchasers for a purchase price of $1,000 per Unit. Each Unit consists of: (i) one share of the Company’s Series F convertible preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Series F Preferred Stock”), which is convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, at a value per share of common stock of $0.50; and (ii) a warrant to purchase for a six year period
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such number of shares of common stock (the “Warrant Shares”) into which such share of Series F Preferred Stock is convertible at an exercise price per Warrant Share of $0.75. Pursuant to the Series F Private Placement, the Company raised approximately $21.7 million in gross cash proceeds, approximately $11.5 million of which was invested by certain officers and directors of the Company.
Concurrently with the execution of the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Company and the Purchasers entered into a registration rights agreement, (the “Registration Rights Agreement”) and as amended by a certain first amendment to the Registration Rights Agreement"), dated October 29,2020, pursuant to which the Company agreed to file a registration statement with the SEC by December 1, 2020 to register the Warrant Shares and the shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the Series F Preferred Stock.
In connection with the consummation of the Series F Private Placement, on October 1, 2020, the Company filed with the Secretary of State of Delaware a Certificate of Designations which authorizes a total of 30,000 shares of Series F Preferred Stock and sets forth the designations, preferences, and rights of the Company's Series F Preferred Stock.
Pursuant to the Series E Exchange Agreement, the Company issued 3,500 Series F Units to Cavalry in exchange for all of its outstanding Series E Preferred Stock (the “Exchange Transaction”).
In addition, on October 2, 2020, the Company entered into an amendment to its Facilities Agreement to permit the Company to use a portion of the net proceeds of the Series F Private Placement to make a partial repayment of the outstanding term loan thereunder.
Repricing of Stock Options
Effective October 1, 2020, outstanding stock option awards held by current employees as of October 1, 2020 were repriced concurrent with the closing of the Series F Private Placement. In total, 6,077,731 stock options were repriced. The exercise price was set at a 20% premium to the Series F Preferred Stock conversion price, or $0.60 per share.
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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of Better Choice Company Inc.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Better Choice Company Inc. (the Company) as of December 31, 2019, the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, stockholders’ deficit and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2019, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at December 31, 2019, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
The Company’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has suffered recurring losses from operations, has a working capital deficiency, and has stated that substantial doubt exists about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s evaluation of the events and conditions and management’s plans regarding these matters are also described in Note 1. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audit we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2019.

Louisville, Kentucky

May 1, 2020
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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Unitholders of TruPet LLC.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying balance sheet of TruPet LLC. (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2018, and the related statement of loss and comprehensive loss, changes in members’ deficit, and cash flows for the year then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the financial statements).
In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2018, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Material Uncertainty Related to Going Concern
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements, the Company has experienced ongoing losses, negative cash flows from operations, accumulated a significant deficit, has a working capital deficit and the line of credit is approaching maturity. The Company is dependent upon future sources of debt or equity financing in order to fund its operations. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audit, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 

 
 
 
Chartered Professional Accountants
 
Licensed Public Accountants
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2019.
 
Toronto, Ontario
 
April 26, 2019
 
 

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Better Choice Company Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
As of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018
(Dollars in thousands)
 
12/31/2019
12/31/2018
Assets
 
 
Current Assets
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$2,361
$3,946
Restricted cash
173
Accounts receivable, net
5,824
116
Inventories, net
6,580
1,557
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
2,641
269
Total Current Assets
17,579
5,888
Property and equipment, net
417
71
Right-of-use asset, operating lease
951
Intangible assets, net
14,641
Goodwill
18,614
Other assets
1,330
28
Total Assets
$53,532
$5,987
Liabilities & Stockholders’ Deficit
 
 
Current Liabilities
 
 
Short term loan, net
$16,061
$
Line of credit, net
4,819
4,600
Other liabilities
500
1,914
Accounts payable
4,049
765
Due to related party
1,600
Accrued liabilities
4,721
85
Deferred revenue
311
65
Operating lease liability, current portion
345
Warrant derivative liability
2,220
Total Current Liabilities
33,026
9,029
Noncurrent Liabilities
 
 
Notes payable, net
16,370
Operating lease liability
641
Total Noncurrent Liabilities
17,011
Total Liabilities
50,037
9,029
Redeemable Series E Convertible Preferred Stock
 
 
Redeemable Series E preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 2,900,000 & 0 shares authorized, 1,387,378 & 0 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
10,566
Stockholders’ Deficit
 
 
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 88,000,000 and 16,303,928 shares authorized, 47,977,390 & 11,661,485 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
48
12
Convertible Series A Preferred Stock, $0.001 par value, 0 & 5,529,162 shares authorized, 0 & 2,391,403 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
2
Additional paid-in capital
194,150
13,642
Accumulated deficit
(201,269)
(16,698)
Total Stockholders’ Deficit
(7,071)
(3,042)
Total Liabilities, Redeemable Preferred Stock and Stockholders’ Deficit
$53,532
$5,987
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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Better Choice Company Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018
(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
 
2019
2018
Net sales
$15,577
$14,785
Cost of goods sold
9,717
7,489
Gross profit
5,860
7,296
Operating expenses:
 
 
General and administrative
19,782
6,055
Share-based compensation
10,280
431
Sales and marketing
10,138
4,981
Customer service and warehousing
1,097
987
Impairment of intangible asset
889
Total operating expenses
42,186
12,454
Loss from operations
(36,326)
(5,158)
Other expense:
 
 
Interest expense, net
(670)
(868)
Loss on acquisitions
(147,376)
Change in fair value of warrant derivative liability
(90)
Total other expense
(148,136)
(868)
Net and comprehensive loss
(184,462)
(6,026)
Preferred dividends
109
Net and comprehensive loss available to common stockholders
$(184,571)
$(6,026)
Weighted average number of shares outstanding
33,238,600
11,516,421
Loss per share, basic and diluted
$(5.55)
$(0.52)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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Better Choice Company Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Deficit
For the year ended December 31, 2019
(Dollars and share amounts in thousands)
 
Common Stock
Convertible Series A
Preferred Stock
 
 
Redeemable Series E
Convertible Preferred Stock
 
Number
Amount
Number
Amount
Additional
paid-in
capital
Accumulated
deficit
Total
Stockholders’
Deficit
Number
Amount
Balance at January 1, 2019
11,661
$12
2,391
$2
$13,642
$(16,698)
$(3,042)
Shares issued pursuant to a private placement – net proceeds
70
150
150
Shares and warrants issued pursuant to private issuance of public equity (PIPE) – net proceeds
5,745
6
15,670
15,676
Share-based compensation
1,119
1
10,280
10,281
Stock issued to third parties for services
1,009
1
3,476
3,477
Warrants issued to third parties for services
2,968
2,968
Conversion of Series A shares to common stock
2,461
2
(2,461)
(2)
Acquisition of treasury shares
(1,012)
(1)
(6,070)
(6,071)
Acquisition of Better Choice
3,915
4
23,560
23,564
2,634
$20,058
Acquisition of Bona Vida
18,103
18
108,602
108,620
Guarantor warrants
4,180
4,180
 
 
Warrants issued in connection with the Notes
313
313
Acquisition of Halo
2,134
2
3,883
3,885
Conversion of Series E Preferred Stock
1,582
2
9,490
9,492
(1,247)
(9,492)
Warrant exercise
1,260
1
4,006
4,007
Net and comprehensive loss available to common stockholders
(184,571)
(184,571)
Balance at December 31, 2019
47,977
$48
$—
$194,150
$(201,269)
$(7,071)
1,387
$10,566
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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Better Choice Company Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Deficit
For the year ended December 31, 2018
(Dollars and share amounts in thousands)
 
Common Stock
Convertible Series A
Preferred Stock
Additional
paid-in
capital
Accumulated
deficit
Total
Stockholders’
Deficit
 
Units
Number
Amount
Number
Amount
Reported balance at January 1, 2018
10,397
$—
$—
$8,545
$(10,672)
$(2,127)
Recapitalization adjustment(1)
(10,397)
11,497
11
 
 
11
Recast balance at January 1, 2018
11,497
11
 
 
8,545
(10,672)
(2,116)
Share-based compensation
164
1
 
 
 
431
 
432
Shares issued pursuant to a private placement – net proceeds
 
 
 
2,391
2
4,666
4,668
Net and comprehensive loss available to common stockholders
 
(6,026)
(6,026)
Balance at December 31, 2018
 
11,661
$12
2,391
$2
$13,642
$(16,698)
$(3,042)
(1)
Certain prior year amounts were adjusted to retroactively reflect the legal capital of the Company from LLC units to common stock due to the May Acquisitions described in “Note 2—Acquisitions”.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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Better Choice Company Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018
(Dollars in thousands)
 
December 31,
 
2019
2018
Cash Flow from Operating Activities:
 
 
Net and comprehensive loss
$(184,462)
$(6,026)
Adjustments to reconcile net and comprehensive loss to net cash used in operating activities :
 
 
Non-cash expenses
Stock and warrants issued to third parties for services
3,548
Impairment of intangible asset
889
Depreciation and amortization
171
14
Amortization of debt issuance costs and discounts
346
Share-based compensation
10,280
431
Lease expenses
41
Change in fair value of warrant derivative liability
90
Loss on acquisitions
146,980
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of business acquisition:
 
 
Accounts receivable, net
(99)
(196)
Inventories, net
232
(400)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
(101)
(208)
Other assets
(140)
Accounts payable
(1,695)
55
Accrued liabilities
2,738
(645)
Deferred revenue
245
66
Deferred rent
(15)
6
Other
(17)
Cash Used in Operating Activities
$(20,969)
$(6,903)
 
 
 
Cash Flow from Investing Activities
 
 
Acquisition of property and equipment
$(110)
$(31)
Cash acquired in the May Acquisitions
416
Acquisition of Halo
(20,513)
Cash Used in Investing Activities
$(20,207)
$(31)
 
 
 
Cash Flow from Financing Activities
 
 
Cash advance, net
$(1,899)
$1,840
Proceeds from shares issued pursuant to private placement, net
15,826
4,668
Proceeds from investor prepayment
500
Proceeds from revolving line of credit
5,000
2,615
Proceeds from line of credit
6,200
Payment of line of credit
(6,200)
Payment of TruPet line of credit
(4,600)
Proceeds from related party note
1,600
Payments on related party note
(1,600)
Proceeds from short term loan
20,500
Proceeds from November 2019 Notes
2,750
Proceeds from warrant exercise
4,007
Debt issuance costs
(720)
Cash Provided by Financing Activities
$39,764
$10,723
 
 
 
Net Increase in Cash and cash equivalents and Restricted cash
$(1,412)
$3,789
Total Cash and cash equivalents, Beginning of Period
3,946
157
Total Cash and cash equivalents and Restricted cash, End of Period
$2,534
$3,946
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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Supplemental cash flow information
The following represent noncash financing and investing activities and other supplemental disclosures related to the statement of cash flows:
On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASC 842 which resulted in the acquisition of right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities as follows:
Right-of-use asset and operating lease liability acquired under operating leases
 
Right-of-use asset recorded upon adoption of ASC 842
$421
Operating lease liability recorded upon adoption of ASC 842
(429)
Noncash acquisition of right-of-use asset for leases entered into during period
607
Noncash acquisition of operating lease liability for leases entered into during the period
(594)
On May 6, 2019 we acquired two businesses using stock for a purchase price of $146.6 million, including non-cash transaction costs of $4.8 million. See “Note 2—Acquisitions.”
On August 28, 2019, the Company issued 1,000,000 shares of common stock valued at $3.4 million to iHeartMedia for future advertising to be incurred from August 2019 to August 2021. During the year ended December 31, 2019, $0.6 million of the $3.4 million of the prepaid advertising was incurred. See “Note 5—Prepaid expenses and other current assets.”
On December 19, 2019, we acquired Halo for a total purchase price of $38.2 million. The total purchase price included $17.7 million of non-cash component made up of (i) 2,134,390 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, (ii) convertible subordinated seller notes (“Seller Notes”) totaling $15,000,000, and (iii) 937,500 stock purchase warrants (the “Seller Warrants”) to purchase shares of our common stock.
The Company paid no income taxes during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.
Cash interest paid was $0.3 million and $0.9 million during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
Note 1 – Nature of business and summary of significant accounting policies
Nature of the business
Better Choice Company Inc. is a rapidly growing animal health and wellness company committed to leading the industry shift toward pet products and services that help dogs and cats live heathier, happier and longer lives. We take an alternative, nutrition-based approach to animal health relative to conventional dog and cat food offerings, and position our portfolio of brands to benefit from the mainstream trends of growing pet humanization and consumer focus on health and wellness. We have a demonstrated, multi-decade track record of success selling trusted animal health and wellness products, and leverage our established digital footprint to provide pet parents with the knowledge to make informed decision about their pet’s health. We sell the majority of our dog food, cat food and treats under the Halo and TruDog brands, which are focused, respectively, on providing sustainably sourced kibble and canned food derived from real whole meat, and minimally processed raw-diet dog food and treats.
Basis of presentation and consolidation
On May 6, 2019, Better Choice Company Inc. completed the acquisition of TruPet LLC (“TruPet”) and Bona Vida Inc. (“Bona Vida”) in a pair of all stock transactions (together referred to as the “May Acquisitions”) through the issuance of 33,130,806 shares of common stock, par value $0.001, of the Company. Following the completion of the May Acquisitions, the business conducted by the Company became primarily the businesses conducted by TruPet and Bona Vida.
The Company is the legal acquirer of TruPet and Bona Vida. However, the May Acquisitions were treated as a reverse acquisition whereby TruPet acquired the Company and Bona Vida for accounting and financial reporting purposes. As a result, the financial statements for the year ending December 31, 2019 are comprised of (1) the results of TruPet for the period between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2019, (2) the results of the Company and Bona Vida, after giving effect to the May Acquisitions on May 6, 2019 through December 31, 2019 and (3) the results of the Company and Halo, after giving effect to the Halo Acquisition (see “Note 2—Acquisitions”) on December 19, 2019 through December 31, 2019. The financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2018 and all periods presented prior to the effective date of the May Acquisitions on May 6, 2019 are comprised solely of the operations and financial position of TruPet, and therefore, are not directly comparable. TruPet’s equity has been re-cast to reflect the equity structure of Better Choice Company and the shares of common stock received in the May Acquisitions.
On December 19, 2019, the Company acquired 100% of all the issued and outstanding capital stock of Halo, a Delaware corporation (the “Halo Acquisition”). Where the context allows, the May Acquisitions and Halo Acquisition are together referred to as the “Acquisitions.”
References to the “Company”, “we”, “us” and “our” in this prospectus refer to TruPet and its consolidated subsidiaries prior to May 6, 2019, to Better Choice Company, TruPet and Bona Vida and their consolidated subsidiaries after May 6, 2019 and to Better Choice Company, TruPet, Bona Vida and Halo and their consolidated subsidiaries after December 19, 2019.
The Company’s consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission for annual financial reports and accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP). The financial statements are presented on a consolidated basis subsequent to the Acquisitions and include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and operating results have been included.
Historical operating results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected in the future. The significant accounting policies applied by the Company are described below. We present our tables in U.S. dollars (thousands) and percentage as rounded up or down. In the notes, we represent US dollars (millions) and percentage as rounded up or down.
Going concern considerations
The Company is subject to risks common in the pet wellness consumer market including, but not limited to, dependence on key personnel, competitive forces, successful marketing and sale of its products, the successful protection of its proprietary technologies, ability to grow into new markets, and compliance with government
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regulations. In December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus was reported to have surfaced in Wuhan, China. Uncertainties regarding the economic impact of COVID-19, the disease caused by the novel coronavirus, are likely to result in sustained market turmoil, which could also negatively impact our business, financial condition, and cash flows. The Company has incurred losses over the last three years and has an accumulated deficit. The Company continues to rely on current investors and the public markets to finance these losses through debt and/or equity issuance. These operating losses and the outstanding debt create substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period of twelve months from the date these consolidated financial statements are issued. The Company is implementing plans to achieve cost savings and other strategic objectives to address these conditions. The Company expects cost savings from consolidation of third-party manufacturers, optimizing shipping and warehousing as well as overhead cost reductions. The business is focused on growing the most profitable channels while reducing investments in areas that are expected to have long-term benefits. The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and payments of liabilities in the ordinary course of business. Accordingly, the consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of asset carrying amounts or the amount of and classification of liabilities that may result should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include demand deposits held with banks and highly liquid investments with original maturities of ninety days or less at acquisition date. For purposes of reporting cash flows, the Company considers all cash accounts that are not subject to withdrawal restrictions or penalties to be cash and cash equivalents.
Restricted cash
At December 31, 2019, the Company had $0.2 million in restricted cash. The Company is required to maintain a restricted cash balance of less than $0.2 million associated with a business credit card and credit card clearance operations. The Company did not have any restricted cash at December 31, 2018.
Accounts receivable and allowance for doubtful accounts
Accounts receivable primarily consist of unpaid buyer invoices from the Company’s Retail customers and credit card payments receivable from third-party credit card processing companies. Accounts receivable is stated at the amount billed to customers, net of point of sale and cash discounts. The Company assesses the collectability of all receivables on an ongoing basis by considering its historical credit loss experience, current economic conditions, and other relevant factors. Based on this analysis, an allowance for doubtful accounts is recorded. The provision for doubtful accounts is included in general and administrative expense in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company recorded less than $0.1 million allowance for doubtful accounts for the year ended December 31, 2019. For the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company considered accounts receivable to be fully collectible and, accordingly, no allowance for doubtful accounts was recorded.
Inventories
Inventories, primarily consisting of products available for sale and supplies, are valued using the first-in first-out (“FIFO”) method and are recorded at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined on a standard cost basis and includes the purchase price, as well as inbound freight costs and packaging costs.
The Company regularly reviews inventory quantities on hand. Excess or obsolete reserves are established when inventory is estimated to not be sellable before expiration dates based on forecasted usage, product demand and product life cycle. Additionally, inventory valuation reflects adjustments for anticipated physical inventory losses, such as shrink, that have occurred since the last physical inventory.
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Property and equipment
Property and equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Depreciable lives are as follows:
Furniture and Fixtures
5 to 7 years
Equipment
3 to 7 years
Computer equipment
2 to 3 years
Computer software
3 years
Expenditures for normal repairs and maintenance are charged to operations as incurred. The cost of property or equipment retired or otherwise disposed of and the related accumulated depreciation are removed from the property and equipment accounts in the year of disposal with the resulting gain or loss reflected in general and administrative expenses.
The Company assesses potential impairments of its property and equipment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset’s carrying value may not be recoverable. An impairment charge would be recognized when the carrying amount of property and equipment is not recoverable and exceeds its fair value. The carrying amount of property and equipment is not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the property and equipment. No impairment charges have been incurred for property and equipment for any period presented.
Goodwill
Goodwill of $18.6 million was recognized as of December 31, 2019 in connection with the Halo Acquisition. In future years, the Company will complete an annual impairment test for goodwill that includes an assessment of qualitative factors including, but not limited to, macroeconomic conditions, industry and market conditions, and entity specific factors such as strategies and financial performance. The Company will perform annual impairment tests as of October 31st beginning in 2020 or earlier if indicators of impairment exist. There were no indicators of goodwill impairment as of December 31, 2019.
Intangible assets
Intangible assets acquired are carried at cost, less accumulated amortization. The Company reviews finite-lived intangible assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable and any not expected to be recovered through undiscounted future net cash flows are written down to current fair value. The Company acquired an intangible asset related to the Houndog license with the acquisition of Bona Vida an May 6, 2019. The Company fully impaired the asset as of December 31, 2019 as we terminated the contract on January 13, 2020. The Company acquired intangible assets with the acquisition of Halo on December 19, 2019. We will review impairment of the assets acquired beginning in the fiscal year ending on December 31, 2020 given the proximity of the Halo Acquisition to year-end.
Redeemable convertible preferred stock
In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 480, “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (ASC 480)”, preferred stock issued with redemption provisions that are outside of the control of the Company or that contain certain redemption rights in a deemed liquidation event is required to be presented outside of stockholders’ deficit on the face of the consolidated balance sheet. The Company’s Redeemable Series E Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series E”) contains redemption provisions that require it to be presented outside of stockholders’ deficit. Changes in the redemption value of the redeemable convertible preferred stock, if any, are recorded immediately in the period occurred as an adjustment to additional paid-in capital in the consolidated balance sheet.
Income taxes
Income taxes are recorded in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes (ASC 740)”, which provides for deferred taxes using an asset and liability approach. The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the consolidated financial statements or tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the consolidated
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financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities and for loss and credit carryforwards using enacted tax rates anticipated to be in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Valuation allowances are provided, if, based upon the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
The Company accounts for uncertain tax positions in accordance with the provisions of ASC 740. When uncertain tax positions exist, the Company recognizes the tax benefit of tax positions to the extent that some or all the benefit will more likely than not be realized. The determination as to whether the tax benefit will more likely than not be realized is based upon the technical merits of the tax position, as well as consideration of the available facts and circumstances. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company does not have any significant uncertain income tax positions. If incurred, the Company would classify interest and penalties on uncertain tax positions as income tax expense.
The Company was incorporated on May 6, 2019. Prior to this date, the Company operated as a flow through entity for state and United States federal tax purposes. The Company files a U.S. federal and state income tax return, including for its wholly owned subsidiaries.
Revenue
The Company recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods to the customer in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods in accordance with the provisions of ASC 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers.”
In order to recognize revenue, the Company applies the following five (5) steps:
Identify a customer along with a corresponding contract;
Identify the performance obligation(s) in the contract to transfer goods to a customer;
Determine the transaction price the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for transferring promised goods to a customer;
Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligation(s) in the contract; and
Recognize revenue when or as the Company satisfies the performance obligation(s).
TruPet adopted ASC 606 on January 1, 2017. Accordingly all periods presented reflect the recognition of revenue and related disclosures required by ASC 606.
Cost of goods sold
Cost of goods sold consists primarily of the cost of product obtained from third-party contract manufacturing plants, packaging materials, CBD oils directly sourced by the Company, inventory freight for shipping product from third-party contract manufacturing plants to the Company’s warehouse and third party fulfillment and royalties.
General and administrative expenses
General and administrative expenses include management and office personnel compensation, share-based compensation, bonuses, information technology related costs, rent, travel, professional service fees, insurance, product development costs, outbound shipping and general corporate expenses.
Advertising
The Company charges advertising costs to expense as incurred and such charges are included in sales and marketing expenses in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Our advertising expenses consisting primarily of online advertising, search costs, email advertising, and radio advertising. In addition, with the acquisition of Halo, we reimburse our customers and third parties for in store activities and record these costs as sales and marketing expenses. Advertising costs were $6.7 million and $3.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Customer service and warehousing
Customer service and warehousing include wages associated with customer service and fulfillment of DTC customer orders.
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Fair value of financial instruments
The Company’s financial instruments recognized on the balance sheets consist of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, prepaid deposits, accounts payable, short term loan, line of credit, subordinated convertible notes, accrued liabilities, other liabilities, and a warrant derivative liability. The warrant derivative liability is remeasured at fair value each reporting period. The carrying values for other financial instruments are deemed to be equivalent to their respective fair values due to their relative short term nature.
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The Company has applied the framework for measuring fair value which requires a fair value hierarchy to be applied to all fair value measurements.
The Company uses applicable guidance for defining fair value, the initial recording and periodic remeasurement of certain assets and liabilities measured at fair value, and related disclosures for instruments measured at fair value. Fair value accounting guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels. An instrument’s classification within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the instrument’s fair value measurement. The Company measures assets and liabilities using inputs from the following three levels of fair value hierarchy:
Level 1 – Observable inputs such as unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets and quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active.
Level 3 – Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability for which there is little, if any, market activity at the measurement date. Unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s own assumptions about what market participants would use to price the asset or liability. The inputs are developed based on the best information available in the circumstances, which may include the Company’s own financial data, such as internally developed pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, as well as instruments for which the fair value determination requires significant management judgment.
The warrant derivative liability is remeasured at fair value each reporting period and represents a Level 3 financial instrument.
Fair value measurements of nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities reflect Level 3 inputs and are primarily used to measure the estimated fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations, for goodwill, other intangible assets and long-lived assets impairment analyses and the valuation of acquired intangibles.
Basic and diluted loss per share
Basic and diluted loss per share has been determined by dividing the net and comprehensive loss available to common stockholders for the applicable period by the basic and diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding, respectively. Common stock equivalents and incentive shares are excluded from the computation of diluted loss per share when their effect is anti-dilutive.
Share-based compensation
The Company recognizes compensation expense for all share–based payments in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation. The Company follows the fair value method of accounting for awards granted to employees, directors, officers and consultants. Share-based awards are measured at their estimated fair value on each respective grant date. The Company recognizes share-based payment expenses over the vesting period. The Company’s share-based compensation awards are subject only to service based vesting conditions. Forfeitures are accounted for as they occur.
The fair value of an option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black–Scholes option valuation model. The Black–Scholes option valuation model requires the development of assumptions that are inputs into the model. These assumptions are the expected stock volatility, the risk–free interest rate, the expected life of the option and the expected dividend yield which is based on the historical dividends issued by the Company. The Company has never paid cash dividends and does not expect to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Expected volatility is
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calculated based on the analysis of other public companies within the pet wellness, internet commerce (e-commerce), and hemp derived CBD sectors. Risk–free interest rates are calculated based on risk–free rates for the appropriate term. The expected life is calculated as (i) the mid-point between the average vested date and the contractual expiration of the option for executives and directors and (ii) three years from the average vesting date for all others due to limited exercise history. Determining the appropriate fair value model and calculating the fair value of equity–based payment awards requires the input of the subjective assumptions described above. The assumptions used in calculating the fair value of equity–based payment awards represent management’s best estimates, which involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management’s judgment.
Use of estimates
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting periods.
The Company evaluates its estimates on an ongoing basis. The Company bases its estimates on various assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
The Company’s results can also be affected by economic, political, legislative, regulatory and legal actions. Economic conditions, such as recessionary trends, inflation, interest and monetary exchange rates, and government fiscal policies, can have a significant effect on operations. While the Company maintains reserves for anticipated liabilities and carries various levels of insurance, the Company could be affected by civil, criminal, regulatory or administrative actions, claims or proceedings. Significant changes to the key assumptions used in the valuations could result in different fair values of financial instruments at each valuation date.
Segment information
Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete financial information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision-maker in making decisions regarding resource allocation and assessing performance. To date, the Company has viewed its operations and manages its business as one segment operating in the United States of America. The Company’s chief operating decision-maker reviews operating results on an aggregated basis. All the assets and operations of the Company are in the United States.
Commitments and contingencies
We may be involved in legal proceedings, claims, and regulatory, tax, or government inquiries and investigations that arise in the ordinary course of business resulting in loss contingencies. We accrue for loss contingencies when losses become probable and are reasonably estimable. If the reasonable estimate of the loss is a range and no amount within the range is a better estimate, the minimum amount of the range is recorded as a liability. Legal costs such as outside counsel fees and expenses are charged to expense in the period incurred and are recorded in general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.
We do not accrue for contingent losses that are considered to be reasonably possible, but not probable; however, we disclose the range of such reasonably possible losses. Loss contingencies considered remote are generally not disclosed.
We have entered into leases, a royalty contract termination (see “Note 22—Subsequent events”) and debt instruments, including a line of credit, subordinated convertible notes and a short term loan for which we are committed to pay certain amounts over a period of time.
In connection with the preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company identified an error as of December 31, 2018 related to an understatement of sales taxes due and payable of $0.7 million. The error was corrected during the year ended December 31, 2019. The Company believes that the correction of this error is not material to the consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2019 or 2018, respectively.
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Reclassification of prior period presentation
Certain reclassifications have been made to conform the prior period data to the current presentation. These reclassifications had no material effect on the reported results.
Recently issued accounting pronouncements
The Company has reviewed the Accounting Standards Update (ASU), accounting pronouncements and interpretations thereof issued by the FASB that have effective dates during the reporting period and in future periods.
Recently adopted:
Adoption of FASB ASC Topic 842 “Leases”
In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standard Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, Topic 842, “Leases (842)”, which amends leasing guidance by requiring companies to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all operating and financing leases with lease terms greater than twelve months. The lease liability is equal to the present value of lease payments. The right-of-use lease asset is based on the lease liability, subject to adjustment for prepaid and deferred rent and tenant incentives. For income statement purposes, leases will continue to be classified as operating or financing with lease expense in both cases calculated substantially the same as under the prior leasing guidance.
The adoption of ASC 842 resulted in recognition of right-of-use assets of $0.4 million and operating lease liabilities of $0.4 million as of January 1, 2019. The Company adopted the optional transition method that gives companies the option to use the adoption date as the initial application on transition. Accordingly, results for reporting periods beginning prior to January 1, 2019 continue to be reported in accordance with our historical treatment. The adoption of ASC 842 did not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations or cash flows. See “Note 8—Operating leases.”
Adoption of FASB ASU 2018-07 “Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting”
On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASU. 2018-07 “Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting.” The amendments in this update expanded the scope of ASC 718 to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods and services from nonemployees. The requirements of ASC 718 are applied to nonemployee awards except for specific guidance on inputs to an option pricing model and the attribution of cost. The amendments specify that ASC 718 applies to all share-based payment transactions in which a grantor acquires goods or services to be used or consumed in a grantor’s own operations by issuing share-based payment awards. The amendments also clarify that ASC 718 does not apply to share-based payments used to effectively provide (1) financing to the issuer or (2) awards granted in conjunction with selling goods or services to customers as part of a contract accounted for under ASC 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers.”
The Company is treating the inclusion of share-based payments to nonemployees as a change in accounting principle prospectively beginning in the period ending January 1, 2019. The Company did not restate prior periods for share-based compensation.
Issued but not Yet Adopted:
ASU 2016-13 “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326)”
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13 “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326),” a new standard to replace the incurred loss impairment methodology under current GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. The standard is effective for the Company on January 1, 2023, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the new standard will have on its consolidated financial statements.
ASU 2018-13 “Fair Value Measurement”
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820) Changes to the Disclosure Requirement for Fair Value Measurement” which amends ASC 820 to expand the disclosures required for items subject to Level 3, fair value remeasurement, including the underlying assumptions. ASU 2018-13 is effective for
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public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the new standard will have on its consolidated financial statements. As this standard only requires additional disclosures, there is no anticipated financial statement impact of its adoption.
ASU 2018-15 “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other – Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40)”
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15 “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40)” to amend ASU 2015-05 in an effort to provide additional guidance on the accounting for costs implementation activities performed in a cloud computing arrangement that is a service contract. The amendments in this update align the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal use software license). The accounting for the service element of a hosting arrangement that is a service contract is not affected by the amendments in this update. The amendments in this update also require the entity to present the expense related to the capitalized implementation costs in the same line item in the statement of income as the fees associated with the hosting element (service) of the arrangement and classify payments for capitalizing implementation costs in the statement of cash flows in the same manner as payments made for fees associated with the hosting element. The entity is also required to present the capitalized implementation costs in the statement of financial position in the same line item that a prepayment for the fees of the associated hosting arrangement would be presented. The new standard is effective for the Company on January 1, 2020, and early adoption is permitted. The Company believes that current practices of capitalization versus expensing IT costs are in line with this guidance, however, the amendment will require the Company to change presentation within the statement of cash flows. The Company currently has no internal use software and expects this accounting standard will have no impact on its consolidated financial statements.
The Company has carefully considered other new pronouncements that alter previous generally accepted accounting principles and does not believe that any new or modified principles will have a material impact on the Company’s reported balance sheet or operations in 2019.
Note 2 – Acquisitions
Acquisition of Halo
On October 15, 2019, the Company entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Halo Agreement”) to acquire Halo, a Delaware corporation. Halo is an ultra-premium, natural pet food brand. The strategic objective of the acquisition was to accelerate the growth of the Company’s animal health platform by acquiring an all-encompassing, global, animal health and wellness consumer product goods company. Under the terms of the Halo Agreement, the Company completed the Halo Acquisition on December 19, 2019 (the “Halo Acquisition Date”), for $38.2 million. The consideration was subject to customary adjustments for Halo’s net working capital, cash, and indebtedness, and consisted of a combination of (i) cash consideration of $20.5 million, (ii) 2,134,390 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share ($3.9 million), (iii) Seller Notes totaling $15,000,000, and (iv) 937,500 Seller Warrants ($0.3 million). The Company incurred $0.9 million in transaction costs, which are included in general and administrative expenses.
The Halo Acquisition was accounted for under the purchase method of accounting, and accordingly, the purchase price was allocated to the identifiable assets and liabilities based on their estimated fair values at the Halo Acquisition Date. Halo’s revenue of $0.7 million and net and comprehensive loss of $0.2 million have been included in the consolidated results of the Company since the Halo Acquisition Date.
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The determination of the preliminary purchase price allocation to specific assets acquired and liabilities assumed is incomplete for Halo. The preliminary purchase price allocation may change in future periods as the fair value estimates of assets and liabilities and the valuation of the related tax assets and liabilities are completed. The preliminary purchase price allocation is summarized as follows:
Dollars in thousands
 
Total purchase price
$38,244
 
 
Assets and liabilities acquired:
 
Assets
 
Property and equipment
260
Accounts receivable
5,540
Inventories
5,160
Intangible assets
14,690
Other assets
329
Total assets
25,979
Liabilities
 
Accounts payable
4,628
Accrued liabilities
1,553
Long term liability
168
Total liabilities
6,349
Net assets acquired
19,630
Goodwill
$18,614
The intangible assets acquired relate to customer relationships and trade name. The intangible asset related to customer relationships reflects the estimated net present value of the future cash flows associated with the stable and recurring customer base acquired in the Halo Acquisition. The fair value was determined using an income approach, which recognizes that the fair value of an asset is premised upon the expected receipt of future economic benefits such as earnings and cash inflows based on current sales projections and estimated direct costs for each product line. Acquired customer relationships are finite-lived intangible assets and are amortized over their estimated life of 7 years using the straight-line method, which approximates the customer attrition rate, reflecting the pattern of economic benefits associated with these assets.
All of Halo’s products and services are sold under the “Halo” trade name, and each major product is identified by this trade name. The trade name of the Company was valued on an income approach using a 2% royalty rate which is supported by both market royalty rate data and profitability factors of Halo. The trade name is a finite-lived intangible asset and is being amortized over its estimated life of 15 years using the straight-line method, which reflects the pattern of economic benefits associated with this asset.
The excess of purchase price over the fair value amounts assigned to the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed represents goodwill from the acquisition. The Company believes the factors that contributed to goodwill include the acquisition of a talented workforce and administrative cost synergies. The Company does not expect any portion of this goodwill to be deductible for tax purposes. See “Note 9—Intangible assets, royalties and goodwill.”
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Pro Forma Information (Unaudited)
The following pro forma results reflect only pro forma adjustments for additional interest expense to fund the Halo Acquisition, amortization of deferred financing costs related to short term loan and line of credit, reduction in interest expense associated with the repayment of the Halo debt on the Halo Acquisition Date, amortization of identifiable intangible assets associated with the Halo Acquisition, share-based compensation expense related to stock options granted and effects of adjustments made to carrying values of acquired assets and liabilities. However, pro forma results do not include any anticipated synergies from the acquisition of Halo and accordingly, are not necessarily indicative of the results that would have occurred if the Halo Acquisition had occurred on the dates indicated or that may result in the future.
 
Twelve Months ended
December 31,
Dollars in thousands
2019
2018
Net revenues
$48,152
$51,388
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders
$192,592
$25,958
Reverse Acquisitions of Better Choice and Bona Vida by TruPet
On May 6, 2019, the Company completed the May Acquisitions through the issuance of 33,130,806 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 of the Company. Following the completion of the May Acquisitions, the operations of the Company were primarily comprised of the operations of TruPet and Bona Vida. The strategic objective for combining the two complementary businesses was to create a leading innovative holistic pet wellness company operating in a rapidly evolving and growing industry.
TruPet was determined to be the accounting acquirer of the Company and Bona Vida. As such, the historical financial statements are those of TruPet, and TruPet’s equity has been re-cast to reflect the equity structure of the Company and the shares of common stock received. Better Choice exchanged 15,027,533 shares for the outstanding membership interest in TruPet.
The May Acquisitions were accounted for as asset acquisitions. The purchase price for Better Choice Company was $37.9 million which includes stock, minority interest, and fully vested share-based compensation and transaction expenses. The transaction price of Better Choice Company includes 100% of all outstanding stock valued at net $32.7 million, non-cash transaction costs of $4.8 million, cash transaction costs of $0.4 million and fully vested share-based compensation with an estimated fair value of $0.1 million. The stock exchanged in the May Acquisitions of Better Choice Company is equal to the 3,915,856 shares of Better Choice Company outstanding prior to the issuance of additional shares in the May Acquisitions, at the market price of $6.00 per share. The total purchase price has been allocated based on an estimate of the fair value of Better Choice Company’s assets acquired and liabilities assumed with the remainder recorded as an expense. The loss on acquisition of Better Choice Company’s net liabilities is $39.6 million.
The purchase price for Bona Vida was $108.6 million for 100% of all outstanding stock. At the closing of the Bona Vida transaction, the Company issued 18,103,273 shares of common stock in exchange for 100% of the outstanding shares of Bona Vida. The fair value of Bona Vida’s net assets acquired is estimated to be $0.8 million. The estimated purchase price has been allocated based on an estimate of the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The excess of the purchase price over the net assets acquired has been recorded as an expense. The loss on acquisition of Bona Vida’s net assets is $107.8 million.
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On May 6, 2019, the fair value of the following assets and liabilities were acquired resulting in the total loss of approximately $147.4 million:
Dollars in thousands
Better Choice
Company
Bona Vida
Total
Total Purchase Price
$37,949
$108,620
$146,569
 
 
 
 
Net Assets (Liabilities) Acquired:
 
 
 
Assets
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
7
384
391
Restricted cash
25
25
Accounts receivable
69
69
Inventories
95
95
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
32
348
380
Intangible assets
986
986
Other assets
74
74
Total Assets
1,025
995
2,020
Liabilities
 
 
 
Warrant derivative liability
(2,130)
(2,130)
Accounts payable & accrued liabilities
(544)
(153)
(697)
Total Liabilities
(2,674)
(153)
(2,827)
Net Assets (Liabilities) Acquired
(1,649)
842
(807)
Loss on Acquisitions
$(39,598)
$(107,778)
$(147,376)
Note 3 – Revenue
The Company recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods to the customer in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for the goods. The Company has two categories of revenue channels: retail-partner based (“Retail”), which includes the sale of product to e-commerce retailers, pet specialty chains, grocery, mass and distributors, and direct to consumer, (“DTC”), which is focused on driving consumers to directly purchase product through our online web platform. A significant portion of the Company’s revenue is derived from the DTC channel which represents 89% of consolidated revenue; the Retail channel represents 11% of consolidated revenue for the year ended December 31, 2019. The revenue channel percentage will change in 2020 with the acquisition of Halo, as the Halo business is predominantly driven by the Retail channel. The majority of these sales transactions are single performance obligations that are recorded when control is transferred to the customer. The Company offers a loyalty program to their DTC customer which creates a separate performance obligation upon customer participation.
The following is a description of principal activities from which the Company generates its revenue, by revenue channel.
The Company’s DTC products are offered through the online stores where customers place orders directly for delivery across the United States. Revenue is recorded, net of point of sale discounts, at the time the order is shipped to the customer as this is when it has been determined that control has been transferred, and includes shipping paid by customers. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration, net of discounts, the Company expects to receive in exchange for transferring the merchandise. The Company has elected to exclude from revenue all collected sales taxes paid by its customers.
Revenue is deferred for orders that have been placed, and paid for, but have not yet have been shipped. Based on the historical experience, the Company records an estimated liability for returns. Product returns were less than $0.4 million and $0.7 million in 2019 and 2018, respectively.
For the Company’s DTC loyalty program, a portion of revenue is deferred at the time of the sale as points are earned based on the relative stand-alone selling price, and not recognized until the redemption of the loyalty points. The program enables customers to accumulate points based on their spending. For every $1 spent, customers receive
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twelve points, and for every five hundred points earned, customers will receive a $5 gift card which can be redeemed for goods purchased on-line. The points do not expire and the Company, based on historical redemption experience estimates a redemption rate of 37%. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, customers earned, but not redeemed, loyalty program awards amounted to $0.2 million and less than $0.1 million, respectively. The Company recognized less than $0.2 million as revenue from the loyalty program for the year ended December 31, 2019. There was no revenue recognized for the year ended December 31, 2018 related to the loyalty program.
The amount included in net sales related to recoveries of shipping costs by charging the customer a shipping fee for direct to consumer customers was $0.7 million and $0.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
The Company’s Retail channel includes the sale of goods to Retail customers for resale. The Retail sale of goods is considered a single performance obligation. The Company records revenue net of point of sale discounts. Retail customers are not subject to sales tax.
Revenue for Retail sales are recognized when the product is shipped to the Retail customer as this is when it has been determined that control has been transferred, the majority of Retail customers pick up their orders. There is an exception with one key customer with specific FOB destination shipping terms as this is when it has been determined that control has transferred. Shipping costs associated with moving finished products to customers through third party carriers were $2.3 million and $2.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Note 4 – Inventories
Inventories are summarized as follows:
Dollars in thousands
December 31,
2019
December 31,
2018
Food, treats and supplements
$6,425
$1,301
Inventory packaging and supplies
504
133
Other products and accessories
73
191
 
7,002
1,625
Inventory reserve
(422)
(68)
 
$6,580
$1,557
Note 5 – Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following:
Dollars in thousands
December 31,
2019
December 31,
2018
Prepaid advertising & marketing
$1,776
$
Prepaid slotting fees
425
Prepaid insurance
164
15
Deposits
115
Prepaid state registration fees
81
Other
80
254
Total prepaid expenses and other current assets
$2,641
$269
On August 28, 2019, the Company entered into a radio advertising agreement with iHeartMedia + Entertainment, Inc. and issued 1,000,000 shares of common stock valued at $3.4 million for future advertising to be provided to the Company from August 2019 to August 2021. During the year ended December 31, 2019, $0.6 million of the $3.4 million of the prepaid advertising was incurred. In addition, the agreement required the Company to spend a minimum amount for talent fees or other direct iHeart costs. The company has committed to using $1.7 million of the media inventory by August 28, 2020, with the remainder of the inventory available through August 28, 2021. The Company expensed $0.6 million of the media inventory for the year ended December 31, 2019, reducing the prepaid advertising balance to $2.8 million, of which $1.7 million is recorded in prepaid expenses and other current assets and $1.1 million in other noncurrent assets.
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Note 6 – Property and equipment
Property and equipment consist of the following:
Dollars in thousands
December 31,
2019
December 31,
2018
Equipment
$222
$49
Furniture and fixtures
138
46
Computer software
115
Computer equipment
4
14
Total property and equipment
479
109
Accumulated depreciation
(62)
(38)
Net property and equipment
$417
$71
Depreciation expense was less than $0.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. Depreciation expense is included as a component of general and administrative expenses.
Note 7 – Accrued liabilities
Accrued liabilities consist of the following:
Dollars in thousands
December 31,
2019
December 31,
2018
Accrued professional fees
$1,695
$—
Accrued sales tax
1,233
Accrued payroll and benefits
994
85
Accrued trade promotions
357
Accrued dividends
256
Accrued interest
109
Other
77
Total accrued liabilities
$4,721
$85
The Company has historically collected and remitted sales tax based on the locations of its significant physical operations. On June 21, 2018, the U.S. Supreme Court rendered a 5-4 majority decision in South Dakota v. Wayfair Inc., 17-494. Among other things, the Court held that a state may require an out-of-state seller with no physical presence in the state to collect and remit sales taxes on goods the seller ships to consumers in the state, overturning existing court precedent. The Company discovered that TruPet had not collected and paid sales tax related to all sales in some states where it had a physical presence. The Company recognized $1.2 million and no sales tax liability as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. While additional assessments are not anticipated, additional states may assert that the Company has nexus and must pay sales tax for prior sales. The Company does not believe that additional assessments, if any, will have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.
In connection with the preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company identified an error as of December 31, 2018 related to an understatement of sales taxes due and payable of $0.7 million. The error was corrected during the year ended December 31, 2019. The Company believes that the correction of this error is not material to the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2019.
Note 8 – Operating leases
Effective January 1, 2019, the Company adopted the FASB guidance on leases (“Topic 842”), which requires leases with durations greater than twelve months to be recognized on the balance sheet. The Company adopted Topic 842 using the modified retrospective transition approach. Prior year financial statements were not recast under Topic 842, and therefore those amounts are not disclosed. The Company has elected certain practical expedients, including the package of practical expedients to not reassess prior conclusions related to contracts containing leases, lease classification and initial direct costs as well as an accounting policy to account for lease and non-lease components as a single component. The Company also elected the optional transition method that gives companies the option to
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use the effective date as the date of initial application on transition, and as a result, the Company did not adjust its comparative period financial information or make the new required lease disclosures for periods before the effective date. The Company has elected to make the accounting policy election for short-term leases. Consequently, short-term leases are recorded as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company did not elect the hindsight practical expedient.
The Company’s leases relate to our corporate offices and warehouse. For leases with terms greater than 12 months, the Company records the related asset and obligation at the present value of lease payments over the term. Lease renewal options are not included in the measurement of the right-of-use assets and right-of-use liabilities unless the Company is reasonably certain to exercise the optional renewal periods. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. Additionally, the Company’s leases contain rent escalations over the lease term and the Company recognizes expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Some of the Company’s leases include rent escalations based on inflation indexes.
The Company identified an error as of January 1, 2019 related to the adoption of ASC 842, Leases, which resulted in an overstatement of less than $0.1 million for right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities, respectively. The Company also identified an overstatement of Accumulated Deficit of less than $0.1 million as of January 1, 2019. The errors related to the impact upon adoption of ASC 842 were corrected during the twelve months ended December 31, 2019. The Company believes the correction of these errors is not material to the consolidated financial statements as of and for the twelve months ended December 31, 2019.
For leases entered into or reassessed after the adoption of the new standard, the Company has elected the practical expedient allowed by the standard to account for all fixed consideration in a lease as a single lease component. Therefore, the lease payments used to measure the operating lease liability for these leases include fixed minimum rentals along with fixed operating costs such as common area maintenance and utilities.
The Company’s leases do not provide a readily available implicit rate. Therefore, the Company estimates the incremental borrowing discount rate based on information available at lease commencement. The discount rates used are indicative of a synthetic credit rating based on quantitative and qualitative analysis.
The table below presents the lease-related assets and liabilities recorded upon adoption:
Dollars in thousands
Classification on the balance sheet 2019
January 1,
2019
Assets
 
 
Operating lease right-of-use assets
Operating lease right-of-use assets
421
Liabilities
 
 
Current - operating
Operating lease liability short term
87
Noncurrent - operating
Operating lease liability long term
342
Total lease liabilities
 
$429
The table below presents certain information related to the lease costs for operating leases for the years ended December, 31 2019 and 2018.
 
Year ended December 31,
Dollars in thousands
2019
2018
Operating lease costs
369
189
Variable lease costs
31
42
Total operating lease costs
$400
231
As of December 31, 2019, the weighted-average remaining operating lease term was 2.6 years and the incremental borrowing rate was 12.5% for operating leases recognized on our consolidated balance sheet. Short term lease costs, excluding expenses relating to leases with a lease term of one month or less, was $0.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2019.
Rent expense for the year ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 was $0.5 million and $0.2 million, respectively.
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Undiscounted cash flows
The table below reconciles the undiscounted cash flows for each of the first four years and total of the remaining years to the operating lease liabilities recorded on the balance sheet.
Operating Leases
 
2020
444
2021
459
2022
240
2023
5
Total minimum lease payments
1,148
Less: amount of lease payments representing interest
162
Present value of future minimum lease payments
$986
Less: current obligations under leases
345
Long-term lease obligations
$641
Future minimum lease payments under contractually-obligated leases as of December 31, 2018 were as follows (in thousands):
Year ending December 31,
 
2019
257
2020
296
2021
296
2022
123
2023
 
$972
Note 9 – Intangible assets, royalties and goodwill
Intangible assets and royalties
The Company’s intangible assets as of December 31, 2019 consist of customer relationships and trade name acquired in the Halo Acquisition. The customer relationships and trade name are amortized over their estimated useful lives of 7 and 15 years respectively, using the straight-line method.
In April 2019, Better Choice Company entered into a licensing agreement with Authentic Brands and Elvis Presley Enterprises (“ABG”) whereby Better Choice was to sell newly developed hemp-derived CBD products that will be marketed under the Elvis Presley Houndog name. The license agreement required an upfront equity payment of $1.0 million worth of common stock. Upon the May Acquisitions on May 6, 2019, the Company acquired the license agreement and recorded it at its amortized cost which approximated fair value.
As of December 31, 2019, the Company paid $0.6 million of the 2019-2020 agreed royalty payments. As there were no sales related to Houndog products during the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company determined that the minimum royalties paid during the year through December 31, 2019 should be expensed. The Houndog license agreement was terminated on January 13, 2020, see “Note 22—Subsequent events.” The Company recognized amortization expense of $0.1 million and an impairment of the license intangible of $0.9 million as of and for the period ended December 31, 2019, respectively.
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The Company’s intangible assets as of December 31, 2019 are as follows:
 
 
December 31, 2018
December 31, 2019
Dollars in thousands
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Useful Lives
(in years)
Gross Carrying
Amount
Additions
Adjustments
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net Carrying
Amount
License
$—
$986
$(986)
$
$
$
Customer relationships
7
7,500
7,500
(35)
7,465
Trade name
15
7,190
7,190
(14)
7,176
Total intangible assets
 
$—
$15,676
$(986)
$14,690
$(49)
$14,641
The Company did not have intangible assets or amortization expense during the year ended December 31, 2018.
The estimated future amortization of intangible assets over the remaining weighted average useful life of 10 years is as follows:
Dollars in thousands
 
Years ended December 31,
 
2020
$1,551
2021
1,551
2022
1,551
2023
1,551
2024
1,551
Thereafter
6,886
 
$14,641
Note 10 – Line of credit, short term loan and notes payable
The components of the Company’s debt consist of the following:
 
December 31, 2019
December 31, 2018
 
Amount
Rate
Maturity
Date
Amount
Rate
Maturity
Date
Note payable (due to related parties)
$
 
 
$1,600
26.6%
May 6, 2019
Short term loan, net
16,061(2)
 
December 19, 2020
 
 
 
Lines of credit, net
4,819(2)
 
December 19, 2020
4,600(1)
 
May 6, 2019
November 2019 notes payable, net (November 2019 Notes)
2,769
10.0%
November 4, 2021
 
 
 
December 2019 senior notes payable, net (Seller Notes)
9,191
10.0%
June 30, 2023
 
 
December 2019 junior notes payable, net (Seller Notes)
4,410
10.0%
June 30, 2023
 
 
Total debt
37,250
 
 
6,200
 
 
(1)
Interest at LIBOR plus 3%
(2)
Interest at Bank of Montreal Prime plus 8.05%
TruPet line of credit, due to related parties and revolving line of credit
In May 2017, TruPet along with the majority owners serving as co-borrowers entered into a line of credit providing for up to $2.0 million of borrowings secured by the personal assets of the two majority owners. Through various amendments, the maximum borrowings under the credit facility increased to $4.6 million as of December 31, 2018, with a maturity of May 2019. Borrowings bore interest at LIBOR plus 3% and were repaid on May 6, 2019. At December 31, 2018, outstanding borrowings were $4.6 million.
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The line of credit was secured by personal assets of the co-borrowers, as noted above. Covenants under the line of credit required TruPet to be within certain restrictions. As of December 31, 2018, TruPet was in compliance with its covenants.
At December 31, 2018, due to related party consisted of a $1.6 million unsecured note payable to a director of TruPet bearing 26.6% interest with principal and interest due within 30 days after change of control, as described below. On May 6, 2019, this loan was repaid. There was no accrued interest recorded at either December 31, 2018 or December 31, 2019.
On May 6, 2019, Better Choice Company refinanced the $4.6 million credit facility and the $1.6 million note payable to a director with a $6.2 million revolving line of credit with a financial institution. The $6.2 million revolving line of credit was secured by restricted cash held in a money market account. In connection with the consummation of the Halo Acquisition, the Company terminated the $6.2 million revolving line of credit. Early termination of the revolving line of credit did not trigger any premiums or penalties, other than customary breakage costs.
Short term loan and line of credit
On the Halo Acquisition Date, the Company entered into a Loan Facilities Agreement (the “Facilities Agreement”) by and among the Company, as the borrower, the several lenders from time to time parties thereto (collectively, the “Lenders”) and a private debt lender, as agent (the “Agent”). The Facilities Agreement provides for (i) a term loan facility of $20.5 million and (ii) a revolving demand loan facility not to exceed $7.5 million. The Company borrowed $20.5 million on the short term loan and $5.0 million on the line of credit on December 19, 2019. The principal remains outstanding as of December 31, 2019.
The short-term loan and line of credit were issued with customary affirmative and negative covenants relating to the incurrence of debt, liens, declaring or paying dividends, purchasing our redeeming our common stock, the making of restricted payments and asset sales and certain other fundamental changes and events of default such as maintaining timely payments, filing tax and regulatory documents in a timely manner, continuing the existing business with control over existing assets, default on senior debt, and voluntary or involuntary bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings. The Facilities Agreement is secured by substantially all assets of the Company and the subsidiary guarantors (who include Halo, TruPet and Bona Vida).
As of December 31, 2019, the term loan outstanding was $20.5 million, net of debt issuance costs and discounts of $4.4 million, and the line of credit outstanding was $5.0 million, net of debt issuance costs of $0.2 million. The debt issuance costs and discounts are amortized using the effective interest method. The term loan and line of credit are scheduled to mature on December 19, 2020 or such earlier date on which a demand is made by the Agent or any Lender.
The Company used the proceeds of the short term loan to complete the Halo Acquisition and to pay transaction fees and expenses. The Company intends to use the proceeds of the line of credit for working capital and general corporate purposes.
To induce the Agent to enter into the agreement, certain directors and shareholders of the Company (“Shareholder Guarantors”) agreed to enter into a Continuing Guaranty (the “Shareholder Guaranties”) in the amount of $20.0 million and guarantee the Company’s obligations under the agreement. As consideration for the Shareholder Guaranties, the Company agreed to issue common stock purchase warrants to the Shareholder Guarantors in an amount equal to 0.325 warrants for each dollar of debt under the agreement guaranteed by such Shareholder Guarantors (the “Guarantor Warrants”). The Guarantor Warrants are exercisable any time from the date of issuance for up to 24 months from the date of the consummation of an IPO (as defined therein) at an exercise price $1.82 per share. The Guarantor Warrants have a fair value of $4.2 million on the date of issuance.
As of December 31, 2019, the Company was in compliance with its debt covenants.
Notes Payable
On November 4, 2019, the Company issued $2.8 million of subordinated convertible notes (the “November 2019 Notes”) which carry a 10% interest and mature on November 4, 2021. The interest is payable in arrears on March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31 of each year. Interest is payable by increasing the aggregate principal amount of the November 2019 Notes. The November 2019 Notes are exercisable any time from the date of issuance and carry a conversion price of the lower of (a) $4.00 per share or (b) the IPO Price. The IPO Price is the price at
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which the Company’s stock will be sold at a future IPO. The Company issued incremental warrants associated with the November 2019 Notes with a fair value of less than $0.1 million. The November 2019 Note was amended on January 6, 2020, see “Note 22—Subsequent events.” As of December 31, 2019, the November 2019 Notes outstanding was $2.8 million, net of discounts of less than $0.1 million. The discounts are amortized over the life of the November 2019 Notes using the effective interest method.
On December 19, 2019, the Company issued $10.0 million and $5.0 million in senior subordinated convertible notes (the “Senior Seller Notes”) and junior subordinated convertible notes (the “Junior Seller Notes” and, together with the Senior Seller Notes, the “Seller Notes”) to the sellers of Halo. The Seller Notes are exercisable any time from the date of issuance and carry a 10% interest rate and mature on June 30, 2023. The interest is payable in arrears on March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31 of each year. Interest is payable by increasing the aggregate principal amount of the Seller Notes. The Seller Notes carry a conversion price of the lower of (a) $4.00 per share or (b) the IPO Price. As of December 31, 2019, the Senior Seller Notes outstanding was $9.2 million, net of discounts of $0.9 million, and the Junior Seller Notes outstanding were $4.4 million, net of discounts of $0.5 million. The discounts are being amortized over the life of the Seller Notes using the effective interest method.
The fair values of the November 2019, Senior and Junior Seller Notes are based on observable inputs, including quoted market prices (Level 2). The fair values of the November 2019, Senior and Junior Seller Notes were approximately $2.8 million, $9.2 million and $4.4 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2019. The remaining borrowings outstanding have a carrying value that approximates fair value due to their short term nature.
The Company’s subordinated convertible notes were all issued with customary affirmative and negative covenants relating to the incurrence of debt, prohibitions on liens and restricted payments and events of default such as failure to pay, default on senior debt, and voluntary or involuntary bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings. It is also an event of default if the Company’s common stock is suspended from trading or the failure of the common stock to be listed on the OTC markets, the pink sheets, NASDAQ, NYSE or other national securities exchange in the United States or Canada for a period of five (5) consecutive days or for more than ten (10) days in any 365-day period.
As of December 31, 2019, the Company was in compliance with all covenant requirements and there were no events of default. All notes payable are subordinated to the short term loan and line of credit.
Interest expense of approximately $0.7 million and $0.9 million was recorded in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss related to the line of credit, November 2019 and Seller Notes, and other indebtedness for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Note 11 – Warrant derivative liability
On December 12, 2018, the Company closed a private placement offering (the “December Offering”) of 1,425,641 units (the “Units”), each unit consisting of (i) one share of the Company’s common stock and (ii) a warrant to purchase one half of a share of common stock. The Units were offered at a fixed price of $1.95 per Unit for gross proceeds of $2.8 million. Costs associated with the December Offering were $0.1 million, and net proceeds were $2.7 million. The December Offering generated $2.6 million of net proceeds that were received by the Company during the year ended December 31, 2018 for the sale of 1,400,000 Units, and $0.1 million of the net proceeds were received on January 8, 2019 for the sale of 25,641 Units. The warrants are exercisable anytime from the date of issuance over a two-year period at the initial exercise price of $3.90 per share.
The warrants include an option to settle in cash in the event of a change of control of the Company and a reset feature if the Company issues shares of common stock with a strike price below $3.90 per share, which requires the Company to record the warrants as a derivative liability. The Company calculates the fair value of the derivative liability through a Monte Carlo Model that values the warrants based upon a probability weighted discounted cash flow model.
During January 2020, the Company issued shares below the exercise price of warrants acquired on May 6, 2019. Pursuant to the warrant agreement, the Company issued an additional 1,003,232 warrants on March 17, 2020 to its warrant holders at a $1.62 exercise price and revise the existing warrants to an exercise price of $1.62.
The warrants are valued based on future assumptions and, as the reset trigger was a known event on December 31, 2019, the Company included the trigger in the valuation performed during the period ended December 31, 2019.
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At May 6, 2019, the derivative liability was recorded at fair value as part of the purchase price of Better Choice Company by TruPet. The following schedule shows the change in fair value of the derivative liabilities as at December 31, 2019.
Dollars in thousands
Warrant
liability
Assumption of warrants in May Acquisitions
$2,130
Change in fair value of warrant derivative liability
90
Balance as of December 31, 2019
$2,220
 
May 6,
2019
December 31,
2019
Warrant liability
 
 
Stock price
$6.00
$2.70
Exercise price
$3.90
$1.62
Expected remaining term (in years)
1.60 – 1.68
0.95 – 1.02
Volatility
64%
69%
Risk-free interest rate
2.39%
1.60%
The valuation of the warrants is subject to uncertainty as a result of the unobservable inputs. If the volatility rate or risk-free interest rate were to change, the value of the warrants would be impacted.
At December 31, 2019, the Company would be required to pay $1.1 million if all warrants were settled in cash or issue 712,823 shares if all warrants were settled in shares.
Note 12 – Other liabilities
Other liabilities consist of the following:
Dollars in thousands
December 31,
2019
December 31,
2018
Cash advance
$
$1,899
Investor prepayment
500
Deferred rent
15
Total other liabilities
$500
$1,914
During fiscal year 2018, the Company received net cash advances totaling $1.9 million from a third-party lender, that were secured by customer payments on future sales and receivables. At December 31, 2019, the Company held $0.5 million as a prepayment for the issuance of common stock in 2020.
Note 13 – Commitments and contingencies
In the normal course of business, the Company may be subject to various legal claims and contingencies that arise, including claims related to commercial transactions, product liability, health and safety, taxes, environmental matters, employee matters and other matters. Litigation is subject to numerous uncertainties and the outcome of individual claims and contingencies is not predictable. It is possible that some legal matters for which reserves have or have not been established could result in an unfavorable outcome for the Company and any such unfavorable outcome could be of a material nature or have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Management is not aware of any claims or lawsuits that may have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial position or results of operations of the Company.
The Company has no purchase obligations as of December 31, 2019.
Note 14 – Redeemable series E convertible preferred stock
On May 6, 2019, the Company acquired 2,633,678 outstanding shares of Series E, which represented an element of the purchase price and were recorded at fair value (on an as converted into common stock basis) based on the $6.00 per share closing price of Better Choice Company’s shares of common stock as they remained outstanding after
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the reverse acquisitions discussed in “Note 2—Acquisitions” above. The Series E has a stated value of $0.99 per share; is convertible to common stock at a price of $0.78 per share.
On May 10, 2019 and May 13, 2019, holders of the Company’s Series E converted 689,394 and 236,364 preferred shares into 875,000 and 300,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, respectively.
On November 21, 2019, holders of the Company’s Series E converted 320,542 preferred shares into 406,841 shares of the Company’s common stock.
As of December 31, 2019, 1,387,378 shares of Series E remain outstanding.
The rights, preferences and privileges of Series E are as follows:
Voting
The Series E has voting rights equal to those of the underlying common stock and ranks senior in respect to the preferences as to dividends, distributions and payments upon the liquidation, dissolution and winding up of the Company.
Dividends
The holders of the Series E are entitled to receive cumulative dividends at a rate of 10% per annum on the stated value. Each Holder of Series E will be entitled to receive dividends or distributions on each share of Series E on an as converted into common stock basis. Pursuant to waiver letters executed by each investor, the holders of the Company’s Series E agreed to waive their right to the distribution of dividends until October 22, 2020. Dividends accrued are $0.3 million as of December 31, 2019 and remain unpaid. There were no dividends accrued as at December 31, 2018.
Liquidation
In the event of a Liquidation Event, the holders of Series E will be entitled to receive in cash out of the assets of the Company, whether from capital or from earnings available for distribution to its stockholders, before any amount shall be paid to the holders of any of shares of common stock, an amount per share of Series E Preferred equal to the greater of (A) the sum of (1) the Stated Value thereof plus (2) the Additional Amount thereon and any accrued and unpaid Late Charges with respect to such Stated Value and Additional Amount as of such date of determination (the “Conversion Amount”) and (B) the amount per share such holder of Series E would receive if such holder converted such Series E into common stock immediately prior to the date of such payment. Liquidation Event means, whether in a single transaction or series of transactions, the voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation or such Subsidiaries the assets of which constitute all or substantially all of the assets of the business of the Corporation and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole.
Conversion
Each holder of Series E will be entitled to convert any portion of the outstanding Series E held by such holder into validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable shares of common stock at the conversion rate. The number of shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of any share of Series E would be determined by dividing (x) the Conversion Amount of such share of Series E by (y) the conversion price. The Series E has a stated value of $0.99 per share; is convertible to common stock at a price of $0.78 per share.
Redemption
Under certain default conditions, the Series E is subject to mandatory redemption in cash equal to 125% of the greater of $0.99 per share ($1.23 per share) or 75% of the market price of the common stock. The Series E has a stated value of $0.99 per share; is convertible to common stock at a price of $0.78 per share. Redemption of the Series E also occurs upon Triggering Events, which are not all entirely within the control of the Company. Due to this redemption option, the Series E is recorded in the mezzanine equity and subject to subsequent measurement under the guidance provided under FASB ASC 480-10-S99-3A, Accounting for Redeemable Equity Investments.
Note 15 – Stockholders’ deficit
As noted above, the May Acquisitions were completed on May 6, 2019. At the closing of the transaction, Better Choice Company issued 14,229,041 shares of its common stock in exchange for 93% of the outstanding ownership
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units of TruPet. Additionally, on May 6, 2019, Better Choice Company issued 18,103,273 shares of its common stock in exchange for all outstanding shares of Bona Vida. The operations of Better Choice Company subsequent to the May Acquisitions are those of TruPet and Bona Vida. For accounting purposes, the transaction is considered a reverse merger whereby TruPet is considered the accounting acquirer of Better Choice Company and Bona Vida.
As a result of the transactions, the historical TruPet members’ equity (units and incentive units) have been re-cast to reflect the equivalent Better Choice common stock for all periods presented after the transaction. Prior to the transaction, TruPet was a limited liability company and as such, the concept of authorized shares was not relevant.
Capital contributions and distributions of capital
During the year ended December 31, 2018, a Company manager contributed $0.4 million and received $0.4 million as distributions. There was no equity issued for the contribution. There was no capital contribution or distribution in 2019 by Company directors.
Series A preferred stock
In December 2018, the Company completed a private placement and issued 2,391,403 Series A Preferred Stock to unrelated parties for $2.17 per share. The proceeds were approximately $4.7 million, net of $0.5 million of issuance costs. Additionally, on February 12, 2019, an additional private placement of 69,115 Series A Preferred Stock at $2.17 per share was completed. The proceeds were approximately $0.2 million, net of share issuance costs. On May 6, 2019, all Series A Preferred Shares were converted to 2,460,517 shares of common stock.
Common stock
On March 14, 2019, Better Choice Company Inc. filed a certificate of amendment of Certificate of Incorporation with the Delaware Secretary of State to effect a one-for-26 reverse split of common stock effective March 15, 2019. All of the Common and Preferred Stock amounts and per share amounts in these financial statements and footnotes have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the effect of this reverse split. On April 22, 2019, the Better Choice Company Inc. filed a certificate of amendment of certificate of incorporation with the State of Delaware which resulted in authorized shares of common stock of 88,000,000. The Company has 47,977,390 and 11,661,485 shares of common stock issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.
On December 12, 2018, Better Choice Company Inc. closed a private placement offering (the “December Offering”) of 1,425,641 units (the “Units”), each unit consisting of (i) one share of the Company’s common stock and (ii) a warrant to purchase one half of a share of common stock. The Units were offered at a fixed price of $1.95 per Unit for gross proceeds of $2.8 million. Costs associated with the December Offering were $0.1 million, and net proceeds were $2.7 million. Net proceeds of $2.6 million were received by Better Choice Company Inc. during the period ended December 31, 2018 for the sale of 1,400,000 Units, and $0.1 million of the net proceeds were received on January 8, 2019 for the sale of 25,641 Units. The Warrants are exercisable over a two-year period at the initial exercise price of $3.90 per share. See “Note 11—Warrant derivative liability,” A portion of the proceeds from this private placement was used to acquire the initial 7% of TruPet.
In connection with the December Offering, Better Choice Company also entered into a registration rights agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”) with each investor in the December Offering. Pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, the Company agreed to use commercially reasonable efforts to file with the Securities and Exchange Commission a registration statement on Form S-1 (or other applicable form) within 60 days following the closing date to register the resale of the shares of common stock sold in the December Offering and shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants.
On May 6, 2019, the Company acquired 1,011,748 shares of common stock valued at $6.1 million representing its initial 7% investment in TruPet. These shares are recorded as an acquisition of treasury shares.
On May 6, 2019, the Company issued 5,744,991 million units for gross proceeds of $3.00 per unit in a PIPE transaction. Each unit included one share of common stock of Better Choice Company stock and a warrant to purchase an additional share. The shares issued in the PIPE are subject to the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Rule 144 restrictions which require the purchasers of the PIPE units to hold the shares for at least 6 months from the date of issuance. The funds raised from the PIPE were used to fund the operations of the combined company. Net proceeds of $15.7 million were received in the private placement, allocable between shares of common stock and warrants.
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Pursuant to the employment agreement of an officer with Bona Vida dated October 29, 2018; the officer was entitled to a $500,000 change of control payment. The officer later agreed to receive 100,000 shares of Better Choice Company common stock. The 100,000 shares of common stock were valued at $6.00 per share, which was the market value as of the date of the May Acquisitions.
On December 19, 2019, the Company completed the Halo Acquisition for $38.2 million. At the closing of the transaction, in addition to cash and other consideration, Better Choice Company issued 2,134,390 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share in exchange for 100% of the outstanding ownership units of Halo. The 2,134,390 shares of common stock were valued at $1.82 per share, which was the market value as of the date of the Halo Acquisition.
As of December 31, 2019, the Company has reserved approximately 31.0 million shares of common stock for future issuance as follows:
 
December 31,
2019
Conversion of Series E
1,760,903
Exercise of options to purchase common stock
7,791,833
Warrants to purchase common stock
16,981,854
Notes payable
4,437,500
Total
30,972,090
The Company did not reserve any shares for future issuances during the year ended December 31, 2018.
Share-based compensation
During the period from November 1, 2018 through May 5, 2019, incentive units for the equivalent of 1.3 million shares were awarded to employees and consultants. The incentive units were measured at fair value on the date of each respective award with a weighted average value per equivalent share of $2.47. The awards were to vest over a period of two to three years. On May 6, 2019, all outstanding incentive unit awards issued prior to May 6, 2019 immediately vested. As a result of the immediate vesting of these incentive units, share-based compensation expense equal to $2.2 million was recorded in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss on May 6, 2019.
Options in Better Choice Company Inc. which had been granted in December 2018 to purchase an aggregate of 38,462 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $6.76 per share were outstanding on May 6, 2019 (the “legacy options”). As a result of the May Acquisitions, those legacy options immediately vested. The accelerated vesting expense of $0.1 million was recognized as part of the purchase price of Better Choice Company.
On May 6, 2019, the Company acquired the Better Choice Company Inc. 2019 Incentive Award Plan (the “2019 Plan”) which became effective as of April 29, 2019. The 2019 Plan provides for the grant of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, other stock or cash-based awards or a dividend equivalent award (each an “Award”). Nonemployee directors of the Company and employees and consultants of the Company or any of its subsidiaries are eligible to receive awards under the 2019 Plan. The 2019 Plan authorizes the issuance of (i) 6,000,000 shares of common stock plus (ii) an annual increase on the first day of each calendar year beginning on January 1, 2020 and ending on and including January 1, 2029, equal to the lesser of (A) 10% of the shares of common stock outstanding (on an as-converted basis) on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year and (B) such smaller number of shares of common stock as determined by the Board.
Options to purchase an aggregate of 5,250,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $5.00 per share were granted to management and nonemployee directors of Better Choice Company on May 2, 2019. Subject to Holder’s continued status as an Employee, Director or Consultant through each vesting date, the Option shall vest and become exercisable with respect to 1/24th of the Shares subject thereto (rounded down to the next whole number of Shares) on the last day of each month, beginning with May 31, 2019, such that the Option shall be fully vested and exercisable on April 30, 2021.
On November 11, 2019, the Company received shareholder approval for the Amended and Restated 2019 Incentive Award Plan (the “Amended 2019 Plan”). Under the Amended 2019 Plan, the number of option awards available for issuance increased from 6,000,000 to 9,000,000 on December 19, 2019.
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Effective as of December 19, 2019, the Board repriced all outstanding options under the Amended 2019 Plan As a result, the exercise price of all outstanding vested and unvested options was lowered to $1.82 per share, the closing price of the Company’s common stock on December 19, 2019. No other terms of the option agreements were changed. The change in exercise price of the outstanding options caused an increase in fair value of all vested options at date of repricing of $0.6 million which was expensed by the Company. The change in exercise price also caused an increase in fair value of all unvested options at date of repricing of $0.8 million.
As of December 31, 2019, 7,753,371 options were outstanding under the Amended 2019 Plan. As of December 31, 2018, incentive units for the equivalent of 164,356 shares were outstanding. These incentive units were awarded to a consultant.
After the May Acquisitions an additional 2,503,371 stock option awards were granted under the 2019 Plan and Amended 2019 Plan. During the year ended December 31, 2019, 912,917 stock option awards vested due to severance agreements.
The following table provides detail of the options granted and outstanding:
 
 
 
Vested options
Non-vested options
 
Total
number of
options
Weighted
average
exercise price
Number
Number
Weighted
average
grant date
fair value
Legacy options
38,462
$6.76
38,462
$8.06
Acquired on May 6, 2019
5,250,000
1.82
5,250,000
0.92
Granted
2,503,371
1.83
2,503,371
0.97
Vested during period
1.89
2,678,329
(2,678,329)
1.02
Options outstanding at December 31, 2019
7,791,833
$1.85
2,716,791
5,075,042
$0.97
Options expected to vest
 
 
 
5,075,042
 
Weighted average exercise price
 
 
$1.89
$1.82
 
Weighted average remaining contractual term (years)
 
 
9.3
9.6
 
Aggregate intrinsic value at December 31, 2019 (in thousands)
 
 
$2,357
$4,448
 
All vested options are exercisable and may be exercised through a five or ten-year anniversary of the grant date (or such earlier date described in the applicable award agreement).
At December 31, 2019 and 2018, 7,791,833 and 164,356 stock options or stock option equivalents remain outstanding with a remaining life of 9.5 and 1.8 years respectively.
Pursuant to ASC 718-10-35-8, the Company recognizes compensation cost for stock awards with only service conditions that have a graded vesting schedule on a straight-line basis over the service period for each separately vesting portion of the award as if the award was, in-substance, multiple awards. During the year ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, $10.3 million and $0.4 million, respectively, of share-based compensation expense was recognized related to options or stock option equivalents issued. During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company recorded incremental share-based compensation of $0.6 million as a result of the option repricing. The options were valued using the Black-Scholes method assuming the following:
Term: For executives and directors, the estimated term is equal to the mid-point between the average vesting date and the contractual term. For all others, the estimated term is equal to the average vesting date plus three years.
Dividend yield: 0%
Exercise Price: $1.82 to $2.70
Risk-free rate: 1.41% to 2.39%
Volatility: 55.0% to 62.1
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Warrants
On May 6, 2019, in connection with the May Acquisitions the Company acquired 712,823 warrants to purchase common stock with a weighted average exercise price of $3.90. The Company also issued 5,744,991 warrants with an exercise price of $4.25 on May 6, 2019 as part of the PIPE. Additionally, in connection with the PIPE transaction, the Company issued 220,539 warrants to brokers with an exercise price of $3.00. The warrants are exercisable on the date of issuance and expire 24 months from the date of the consummation of a future IPO. On September 17, 2019, a Company advisor was issued 2,500,000 warrants with an exercise price of $0.10 and 1,500,000 warrants with an exercise price of $10.00. The warrants are exercisable as follows: 1,250,000 of the warrants with the $0.10 exercise price are exercisable on the earlier of the twelve-month anniversary of the issuance date or immediately prior to a change in control subject to the advisor’s continued service to the Company; the remaining 1,250,000 of the warrants with the $0.10 exercise price and the 1,500,000 warrants with the $10.00 exercise price are exercisable on the earlier of the eighteen-month anniversary of the issuance date or immediately prior to a change in control subject to the advisor’s continued service to the Company.
On November 4, 2019, the Company issued 11,000 warrants in connection with the November 2019 Notes. The warrants are exercisable on the date of issuance and expire 24 months from the date of the consummation of a future initial public offering (“IPO”) at an exercise price equal to the greater of (i) $5.00 per share or (ii) the price at which the common stock of the Company was sold in the IPO.
On December 19, 2019, the Company issued 937,500 Seller Warrants in connection with the Seller Notes. The warrants are exercisable on the date of issuance and expire 24 months from the date of the consummation of a future initial public offering (“IPO”) at an exercise price equal to the greater of (i) $5.00 per share or (ii) the price at which the common stock of the Company was sold in the IPO.
On December 19, 2019 the Company issued 6,500,000 warrants with an exercise price of $1.82 in conjunction with the short term loan (Guarantor Warrants). The warrants are exercisable on the date of issuance and expire 24 months from the date of the consummation of a future IPO.
 
Warrants
Exercise
Price
Warrants acquired on May 6, 2019
712,823
$3.90
Issued
17,414,030
3.27
Exercised
(1,144,999)(1)
3.50
Warrants outstanding at December 31, 2019
16,981,854
$3.23
(1)
Exercised warrants were converted at 1.1 shares per warrant for a total of 1,259,498 shares.
The intrinsic value of outstanding warrants is $12.2 million as of December 31, 2019. No warrants were issued or outstanding at December 31, 2018.
Note 16 – Employee benefit plans
The Company maintains a qualified defined contribution 401(k) plan, which covers substantially all of our employees. Under the plan, participants are entitled to make pre-tax and/or Roth post-tax contributions up to the annual maximums established by the Internal Revenue Service. The Company matches 100% of up to 3% and 50% of up to 5% of participant contributions pursuant to the terms of the plan, which contributions are limited to a percentage of the participant’s eligible compensation. The Company made contributions related to the plan and recognized expense of $0.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2019 and zero for the year ended December 31, 2018.
Note 17 – Related party transactions
Management services
During the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, the company paid less than $0.2 million and $0.5 million, respectively, for management services provided by an entity owned by a member of the board of directors.
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Marketing services
A company controlled by a member of the board of directors provides online traffic acquisition marketing services for the Company. The Company incurred a total of $0.2 million and $0.1 million for their services during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The service contract has a 30-day termination clause. Outstanding balances were less than $0.1 million at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018. The outstanding balance is included in Accounts Payable.
Finder’s fee and other services
The Company paid a finders’ fee of $0.3 million and $0.4 million for other professional services during the year ended December 31, 2018 to an entity owned by one of its officers during the year ended December 31, 2018. The Company paid less than $0.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2019.
Notes payable
The Company issued $1.4 million of subordinated convertible notes to a member of the board of directors during the year ended December 31, 2019. Interest related to the subordinated convertible notes was less than $0.1 million.
Halo Transaction Bonus
An executive received a transaction bonus as per his employment agreement upon the close of the Halo Acquisition. The executive received $0.1 million in subordinated convertible notes.
Guarantor warrants
The Company issued a total of 6,500,000 warrants to three members of the board of directors as consideration for the Shareholder Guaranties related to the short term loan during the year ended December 31, 2019. The 6,500,000 warrants have a fair market value of $4.2 million as of the date of issuance.
Note 18 – Income taxes
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded no current or deferred income tax expense.
For the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company was a Limited Liability Company, taxed as a partnership. Thus, all of the Company’s income and losses flowed through to the owners. Furthermore, no deferred tax assets and liabilities were recorded. Beginning in 2019 the Company converted to a C-Corporation and is subject to tax at an entity level.
The Company’s effective tax rate differs from the United States federal statutory rate of 21% primarily because the Company’s losses have been fully offset by a valuation allowance due to uncertainty as to the realization of the tax benefit of net operating losses (“NOLs”) for the year ended December 31, 2019. The following table is a reconciliation of the components that caused our provision for income taxes to differ from amounts computed by applying the United States federal statutory rate of 21% for the year ended December 31, 2019:
 
Year Ended
December 31,
2019
Statutory U.S. Federal income tax
$(38,760)
21.0%
State income taxes, net
(818)
0.4%
LLC income not taxed
2,376
(1.3)%
Loss on acquisitions
29,051
(15.7)%
Change in valuation allowance
7,892
(4.3)%
Other
259
0.1%
Total provision
$
0%
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Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows (in thousands):
 
Year Ended
December 31,
2019
Deferred income tax assets:
 
Net operating loss carryforwards
8,503
Stock options
2,493
Other assets
301
Gross deferred tax assets
11,297
Valuation allowance
(7,913)
Net deferred tax asset
3,384
 
 
Deferred income liabilities:
 
Inventory
(137)
Intangibles
(3,247)
Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance
As of December 31, 2019, the Company had a deferred tax asset (before valuation allowance) recorded on gross federal and state net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $36.3 million and $32.7 million, respectively. These net operating losses will begin to expire in 2027.
The Internal Revenue Code, as amended (“IRC”), imposes restrictions on the utilization of NOLs and other tax attributes in the event of an “ownership change” of a corporation. Accordingly, a company’s ability to use pre-change NOLs may be limited as prescribed under IRC Section 382. Events which may cause limitation in the amount of the NOLs and credits that can be utilized annually include, but are not limited to, a cumulative ownership change of more than 50% over a three-year period.
Under ASC 805, “Business Combinations”, an acquirer should recognize, and measure deferred taxes arising from assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination in accordance with ASC 740. The financial statement loss includes losses that will not result in future deferred tax assets and therefore these losses are excluded.
Management assesses the available positive and negative evidence to estimate if sufficient future taxable income will be generated to use the existing deferred tax assets in the future. A significant piece of objective negative evidence evaluated was the cumulative loss incurred through the year ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. Such objective evidence limits the ability to consider other subjective positive evidence such as current year taxable income and future income projections. On the basis of this evaluation, as of the year ended December 31, 2019, a valuation allowance of $7.9 million was recorded since it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
 
Year Ended
December 31,
2019
Valuation allowance, at beginning of year
$
Increase in valuation allowance
7,892
Halo Acquisition
21
Valuation allowance, at end of year
$7,913
As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company had no accrued interest and penalties related to uncertain income tax positions. We do not anticipate that the amount of unrecognized tax benefits will significantly increase or decrease within the next twelve months. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company does not have any significant uncertain tax positions. If incurred, the Company would classify interest and penalties on uncertain tax positions as income tax expense.
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The Company is subject to taxation in the United States federal and various state jurisdictions. The Company is not currently under audit by any taxing authorities. The Company remains open to examination by tax jurisdictions for tax years beginning with the 2016 tax year for Federal and 2015 for states. Federal and state net operating losses are subject to review by taxing authorities in the year utilized.
Note 19 – Major suppliers
The Company sourced approximately 74% and 70% of its inventory purchases from one vendor for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Note 20 – Concentration of credit risk and off-balance sheet risk
Cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, all the Company’s cash and cash equivalents were deposited in accounts at several financial institutions. The Company maintains its cash and cash equivalents with high-quality, accredited financial institutions and, accordingly, such funds are subject to minimal credit risk. The Company may maintain balances with financial institutions in excess of federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses historically in these accounts and believes it is not exposed to significant credit risk in its cash and cash equivalents. The Company has no significant off-balance sheet concentrations of credit risk, such as foreign currency exchange contracts, option contracts, or other hedging arrangements. None of the Company’s customers had purchases that represented over 10% of total gross sales for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. Accounts receivable from the largest customer represented 44% and 68% of accounts receivable at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Note 21 – Net loss per share
Basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is presented using the treasury stock method. Under the treasury stock method, the amount the employee must pay for exercising stock options and the amount of compensation cost for future service that has not yet been recognized are collectively assumed to be used to repurchase shares.
Basic and diluted net loss per share is calculated by dividing net and comprehensive loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average shares outstanding during the period. For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company’s basic and diluted net and comprehensive loss per share attributable to common stockholders are the same, because the Company has generated a net loss to common stockholders and common stock equivalents are excluded from diluted net loss per share as they have an antidilutive impact.
The following table sets forth basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018:
 
Years Ended
December 31,
Dollars in thousands except per share amounts
2019
2018
Common stockholders
 
 
Numerator:
 
 
Net and comprehensive loss
$(184,462)
$(6,026)
Less: Preferred stock dividends
109
Net and comprehensive loss available to common stockholders
$(184,571)
$(6,026)
 
 
 
Denominator:
 
 
Weighted average shares used in computing net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted
33,238,600
11,516,421
Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted
$(5.55)
$(0.52)
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Note 22 – Subsequent events
Management has evaluated subsequent events through the date on which the consolidated financial statements were issued.
Stock and Warrant Issuance
On January 3, 2020, the Company issued 308,642 shares of common stock to an investor for net proceeds of $0.5 million, net of issuance costs of less than $0.1 million.
During January 2020, the Company issued shares below the exercise price of warrants acquired on May 6, 2019. Pursuant to the warrant agreement, the Company issued an additional 1,003,232 warrants on March 17, 2020 to its warrant holders at an exercise price of $1.62 and revised the existing warrants to an exercise price of $1.62.
Amended November 2019 Notes
The November 2019 Notes were amended on January 6, 2020. The amendment incorporates only the preferable terms of the Seller Notes and all other terms and provisions of the November 2019 Note remains in full force and effect. Pursuant to the amended November 2019 Notes, the interest shall be payable by increasing the aggregate principal amount of the November 2019 Notes. As amended, for so long as any event of default (as defined in the November 2019 Note) exists, interest shall accrue on the November 2019 Note principal at the default interest rate of 12.0% per annum, and such accrued interest shall be immediately due and payable.
ABG Termination
On January 13, 2020, the Company terminated the Houndog licensing agreement (“ABG Agreement”) with Associated Brands Group (ABG) and Elvis Presley Enterprises due to business judgment. As part of the termination, the Company agreed to the following: (1) paid ABG $0.1 million in cash upon the signing of this Agreement, (2) issue to ABG 72,720 shares of the Company’s common stock, (3) pay to ABG $0.1 million cash in four equal installments from July 31, 2020 through October 31, 2020, (4) issue to ABG $0.6 million in Subordinated Promissory Notes (the “ABG Notes”), (5) issue to ABG common stock purchase warrants (the “ABG Warrants”) equating to a value of $150,000. The terms of the ABG Notes, when issued, will match those of the Seller Notes. The Warrants are exercisable on the date of issuance and expire 24 months from the date of the consummation of an IPO (as defined in the ABG Warrants) at an exercise price equal to the greater of (i) $5.00 per share or (ii) the price at which the common stock was sold in the IPO.
COVID-19
In December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus (“COVID-19”) was reported to have surfaced in Wuhan, China. In January 2020, the World Health Organization declared the novel coronavirus outbreak a “Public Health Emergency of International Concern.” This world-wide outbreak has resulted in the implementation of significant governmental measures, including lockdowns, closures, quarantines and travel bans intended to control the spread of the virus. Companies are also taking precautions, such as requiring employees to work remotely, imposing travel restrictions and temporarily closing businesses and facilities. These restrictions, and future prevention and mitigation measures, are likely to have an adverse impact on global economic conditions and consumer confidence and spending, which could materially adversely affect the supply of as well as the demand for our products. Uncertainties regarding the economic impact of COVID-19 is likely to result in sustained market turmoil, which could also negatively impact our business, financial condition and cash flows.
We source our products from suppliers and manufacturers located in the United States and New Zealand. The impact of COVID-19 on these suppliers, or any of our other suppliers, co-manufacturers, distributors or transportation or logistics providers, may negatively affect the price and availability of our ingredients and/or packaging materials and impact our supply chain. If the disruptions caused by COVID-19 continue for an extended period of time, our ability to meet the demands of our customers may be materially impacted. To date, we have not experienced any reduction in the available supply of our products. As of March 2020, the United States Department of Homeland Security has classified businesses that manufacture, produce and supply pet food as “Essential Critical Infrastructure Workers.”
We depend on a logistics partner and our warehouse facilities located in Tampa, Florida. If we are forced to scale back hours of operation or close these facilities in response to the pandemic, we expect our business, financial condition and results of operations would be materially adversely affected.
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Additionally, many of our employees, including members of our management team, have been reporting to work remotely due to the COVID-19 outbreak, which has resulted in the closure of our offices in Florida and New York. If our operations or productivity continue to be impacted throughout the duration of the COVID-19 outbreak and government-mandated closures, which may negatively impact our business, financial condition and cash flows. The extent to which COVID-19 pandemic will further impact our business will depend on future developments and, given the uncertainty around the extent and timing of the potential future spread or mitigation and around the imposition or relaxation of protective measures, we cannot reasonably estimate the impact to our business at this time.
The extent of COVID-19’s effect on our operational and financial performance will depend on future developments, including the duration, spread and intensity of the outbreak, all of which are uncertain and difficult to predict considering the rapidly evolving landscape. As a result, it is not currently possible to ascertain the overall impact of COVID-19 on our business. However, if the pandemic continues to evolve into a severe worldwide health crisis, the disease could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows and adversely impact the trading price of our common stock.
On March 27, 2020, President Trump signed into law the CARES Act. The CARES Act, among other things, includes provisions relating to refundable payroll tax credits, deferment of employer side social security payments, net operating loss carryback periods, alternative minimum tax credit refunds, modifications to the net interest deduction limitations and technical corrections to tax depreciation methods for qualified improvement property. We continue to examine the impacts this CARES Act may have on our business On April 10, 2020, TruPet, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Better Choice Company Inc., was granted a loan from JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. in the aggregate amount of $0.4 million, pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) under Division A, Title I of the CARES Act. The loan, which was in the form of a note dated April 6, 2020, issued by TruPet LLC, matures on April 6, 2022, and bears interest at a rate of 0.98% per annum, payable monthly commencing on November 6, 2020. The note may be prepaid by the TruPet LLC at any time prior to maturity with no prepayment penalties. Funds from the loan may only be used for payroll costs, costs used to continue group health care benefits, mortgage payments, rent, utilities, and interest on other debt obligations incurred before February 15, 2020. The Company intends to use the entire loan amount for qualifying expenses. Under the terms of the PPP, certain amounts of the loan may be forgiven if they are used for qualifying expenses as described in the CARES Act.
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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Unitholders of TruPet LLC.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying balance sheet of TruPet LLC. (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, and the related statements of loss and comprehensive loss, unitholders’ equity, and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the financial statements).
In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Material Uncertainty Related to Going Concern
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements, the Company has experienced ongoing losses, negative cash flows from operations, accumulated a significant deficit, has a working capital deficit and the line of credit is approaching maturity. The Company is dependent upon future sources of debt or equity financing in order to fund its operations. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.


Chartered Professional Accountants
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2019.
Toronto, Ontario
April 26, 2019
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TRUPET LLC
Balance Sheets
As of December 31, 2018 and 2017
 
2018
2017
Assets
 
 
Current Assets
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$3,946,261
$157,138
Accounts receivable, net (Note 2)
275,560
79,270
Inventories, net (Note 3)
1,556,946
1,156,830
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
269,073
60,898
Total Current Assets
6,047,840
1,454,136
Property and equipment, net (Note 4)
71,295
54,481
Other assets
27,559
27,559
Total Assets
$6,146,694
$1,536,176
 
 
 
Liabilities and Members’ Deficit
 
 
Current Liabilities
 
 
Line of credit (Note 5)
$4,600,000
$1,985,000
Other liabilities (Note 7)
1,898,759
58,407
Long-term debt, current portion (Note 8)
1,600,000
Accounts payable
764,715
676,884
Due from related parties
32,706
Accrued liabilities
244,593
889,069
Deferred revenue (Note 6)
65,965
Total Current Liabilities
9,174,032
3,642,066
Deferred rent
15,016
9,258
Total Liabilities
9,189,048
3,651,324
 
 
 
Members’ Deficit (Note 9)
 
 
Common units, no par value, 13,651,461 and 10,396,808 units authorized 10,545,435 and 10,396,808 units issued and outstanding at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively
8,913,647
8,556,943
Series A Preferred Units, no par value, 5,000,000 units authorized, 2,162,536 units issued and outstanding December 31, 2018.
4,668,000
Units to be issued
74,107
Accumulated deficit
(16,698,108)
(10,672,091)
Total Members’ Deficit
(3,042,354)
(2,115,148)
Total Liabilities and Members’ Deficit
$6,146,694
$1,536,176
See accompanying notes.
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TRUPET LLC
Statements of Loss and Comprehensive Loss
For the Years Ended December 31, 2018 and 2017
 
2018
2017
Net Sales
$14,784,831
$7,931,780
Cost of Goods Sold
7,488,641
4,309,602
Gross Profit
7,296,190
3,622,178
Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses
12,454,023
8,964,329
Loss from Operations
(5,157,833)
(5,342,151)
Other Income (Expense)
 
 
Interest expense
(868,184)
(42,109)
Other income
12,421
Net Loss and Comprehensive Loss
$(6,026,017)
$(5,371,839)
Weighted average number of units outstanding
10,474,541
10,205,688
Loss per unit, basic and diluted
(0.58)
(0.53)
See accompanying notes.
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TRUPET LLC
Statements of Changes in Members’ Deficit
For the Years Ended December 31, 2018 and 2017
 
Common Units
Series A Preferred Units
Units to
be
Issued
Deficit
Total
 
Number
Amount
Number
Amount
Balance at January 1, 2017
5,208,354
$1,471,000
$
$
$(5,300,252)
$(3,829,252)
Units issued pursuant to private placement
4,796,457
6,169,650
6,169,650
Units issued pursuant to services provided
391,997
916,293
916,293
Net loss for the period
(5,371,839)
(5,371,839)
Balance at December 31, 2017
10,396,808
8,556,943
(10,672,091)
(2,115,148)
Units issued pursuant to private placement
2,162,536
4,668,000
4,668,000
Units issued pursuant to services provided
148,627
356,704
74,107
430,811
Net loss
(6,026,017)
(6,026,017)
Balance at December 31, 2018
10,545,435
$8,913,647
2,162,536
$4,668,000
$74,107
$(16,698,108)
$(3,042,354)
See accompanying notes.
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TRUPET LLC
Statements of Cash Flows
For the Years Ended December 31, 2018 and 2017
 
2018
2017
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
 
 
Net loss
$(6,026,017)
$(5,371,839)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
14,123
11,883
Unit-based compensation expense
430,811
916,293
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
 
 
Accounts receivable
(196,290)
(50,447)
Inventories
(400,116)
(373,323)
Prepaid expenses and other assets
(208,175)
(31,418)
Accounts payable
55,125
479,946
Accrued liabilities
(644,476)
442,389
Deferred revenue
65,965
Deferred rent
5,758
9,258
Net cash used in operating activities
(6,903,292)
(3,967,258)
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
 
 
Purchases of property and equipment
(30,937)
(8,686)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
 
 
Other liabilities
1,840,352
19,720
Net borrowings on line of credit
2,615,000
1,985,000
Borrowings on long-term debt
1,600,000
Proceeds from shares issued pursuant to private placement, net
4,668,000
1,836,450
Net cash provided by financing activities
10,723,352
3,841,170
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash
3,789,123
(134,774)
Cash, Beginning of Year
157,138
291,912
Cash, End of Year
$3,946,261
$157,138
Supplemental Cash Flow Disclosures:
 
 
Interest paid
$868,184
$42,109
Non-Cash Financing Activities:
 
 
Conversion of debt for equity
$0
$4,333,200
See accompanying notes.
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TRUPET LLC
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the Years Ended December 31, 2018 and 2017
Note 1 – Nature of Operations and Going Concern:
TruPet LLC (the Company), is a Delaware company, originally formed as an Ohio limited liability company on August 2, 2013. On December 20, 2018, the Company was converted to a Delaware limited liability company. The Company manufactures and markets freeze dry raw diet meals, treats, and supplements for dogs and cats in fulfillment of and to help pet owners understand the benefits of feeding a species an appropriate diet. The Company’s products are distributed throughout the United States online as well as pet specialty retail stores.
As of December 31, 2018, the Company incurred a loss from continuing operations of $6,026,017 and its balance sheet reflected an excess of current liabilities over current assets of approximately $3,126,000, while its cash flows showed a deficit in cash flows from operating activities of approximately $6,903,000. Additionally, the Company’s outstanding balance on the line of credit amounted to approximately $4,600,000 as of December, 31, 2018, and is due in May 2019.
The financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis. In making this assessment, management conducted a comprehensive review of the Company’s affairs including, but not limited to:
The Company’s financial position for the year ended December 31, 2018;
Significant events and transactions the Company has entered into, including and through the date the financial statements were available to be issued;
Sales and profitability forecasts for the Company for the next financial year; and
The continued support of the Company’s members and lenders.
The refinancing of the line of credit with the same bank under similar terms.
To address the future additional funding requirements members have undertaken the following initiatives:
To continue to monitor the Company’s ongoing working capital requirements and minimum expenditure commitments;
Continue their focus on maintaining an appropriate level of corporate overhead in line with the Company’s available cash resources; and
The Company currently has an offer to sell its interest to Sport Endurance, Inc. (“SENZ”) in return for stock in the combined entity.
The members are confident that they will be able to complete additional rounds of a capital raising that will provide the Company with sufficient funding to meet its minimum expenditure commitments and support its planned level of overhead expenditures. Therefore, it is appropriate to prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis. In the event that the Company is not able to successfully complete any additional rounds of fundraising referred to above, complete the SENZ transaction, or control their overhead, there is substantial doubt as to whether the Company will continue as going concern, and therefore, whether they will realize their assets and extinguish their liabilities in the normal course of business, and at the amounts stated in the financial statements. As such, the financial statements do not include adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts, nor to the amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company not continue as a going concern.
Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies:
Basis of Presentation
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) as issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) in effect on December 31, 2018. The significant accounting policies applied by the Company are described below.
Basis of Measurement
The financial statements of the Company are presented using and have been prepared on a going concern basis, under the historical cost convention except for certain financial instruments that are measured at fair value, as explained in
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the accounting policies below. Historical cost is measured as the fair value of the consideration provided in exchange for goods and services. The Company’s functional and presentation currency is United States dollars (“USD”).
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include demand deposits held with banks and highly liquid investments with remaining maturities of ninety days or less at acquisition date. For purposes of reporting cash flows, the Company considers all cash accounts that are not subject to withdrawal restrictions or penalties to be cash and cash equivalents.
Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable represents amounts due from customers less the allowance for doubtful accounts. A provision is recorded for impairment when there is objective evidence (such as significant financial difficulties of the debtor) that the Company will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the original terms of the receivable. A provision is recorded as the difference between the carrying value of the receivable and the present value of future cash flows expected from the debtor, with an offsetting amount recorded as an allowance, reducing the carrying value of the receivable. The provision is included in selling, general and administrative expense in the statements of loss and comprehensive loss. As at December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company considers accounts receivable to be fully collectible, accordingly, no allowance for doubtful accounts have been recorded.
Inventories
Inventories are recorded at the lower of cost and net realizable value. The net realizable value represents the estimated selling price for inventories in the ordinary course of business, less all estimated costs of completion and costs necessary to make the sale.
Cost is determined on a standard cost basis and includes the purchase price and other costs, such as transportation costs. Inventory’s average cost is determined on a first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) basis and trade discounts are deducted from the purchase price.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are carried at cost and includes expenditures for new additions and those, which substantially increase the useful lives of existing assets. Depreciation is computed at various rates by use of the straight-line method. Depreciable lives are generally as follows:
Furniture and Fixtures
5 to 7 years
Equipment
7 years
Expenditures for normal repairs and maintenance are charged to operations as incurred. The cost of property or equipment retired or otherwise disposed of and the related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts in the year of disposal with the resulting gain or loss reflected in earnings.
The Company assesses potential impairments of its property and equipment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset’s carrying value may not be recoverable. An impairment charge would be recognized when the carrying amount of property and equipment is not recoverable and exceeds its fair value. The carrying amount of property and equipment is not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the property and equipment.
Income Taxes
No provision has been made for federal and state income taxes since the proportionate share of the Company’s income or loss is included in the personal tax returns of the members.
Accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America require the Company to examine its tax positions for uncertain positions. Management is not aware of any tax positions that are more likely than not to change in the next twelve months or that would not sustain an examination by applicable taxing authorities.
The Company’s policy is to recognize penalties and interest as incurred in its statements of operations.
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Revenue
The Company recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods to the customer in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods.
In order to recognize revenue, the Company applies the following five (5) steps:
Identify a customer along with a corresponding contract;
Identify the performance obligation(s) in the contract to transfer goods to a customer;
Determine the transaction price the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for transferring promised goods to a customer;
Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligation(s) in the contract;
Recognize revenue when or as the Company satisfies the performance obligation(s).
Revenue is recognized upon the satisfaction of the performance obligation. The Company satisfies its performance obligation and transfers control upon shipment to the customer.
Advertising
The Company charges advertising costs to expense as incurred and such charges are included in selling, general and administrative expenses. Advertising costs, consisting primarily of media ads, amounted to approximately $3,900,000 and $3,700,000 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
Shipping and Handling / Freight Out
The Company recognizes shipping and handling costs as a fulfillment cost, included in selling, general and administrative expenses as they are incurred prior to the customer obtaining control of the products. Shipping and handling costs primarily consist of costs associated with moving finished products to customers through third-party carriers. Shipping and handling costs amounted to $2,464,873 and $561,682 for the years ended December 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Additionally, the Company may recover such costs by passing them onto the customer. In these instances, the Company includes the freight charges billed to customers in total revenue. The amount included in revenue related to such recoveries was $883,398 and $430,457 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The Company’s financial instruments recognized in the balance sheet and included in working capital consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, line of credit, due to related party, accrued and other liabilities and long-term debt. Cash and cash equivalents are measured at fair value each reporting period. The fair values of the remaining financial instruments approximate their carrying values.
The Company’s financial instruments exposed to credit risk include cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable (Note 13).
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The Company has applied the framework for measuring fair value which requires a fair value hierarchy to be applied to all fair value measurements.
All financial instruments recognized at fair value in the balance sheet are classified into one of three levels in the fair value hierarchy as follows:
Level 1 – valuation based on quoted prices (unadjusted) observed in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Cash is measured based on Level 1 inputs.
Level 2 – valuation techniques based on inputs that are quoted prices of similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; inputs other than quoted prices used in a valuation model that are observable for that instrument; and inputs that are derived from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.
Level 3 – valuation techniques with significant unobservable market inputs.
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Basic and Diluted Loss Per Unit
Basic and diluted loss per unit has been determined by dividing the net loss available to members for the applicable period by the basic and diluted weighted average number of units outstanding, respectively. Common unit equivalents and incentive units are excluded from the computation of diluted loss per unit when their effect is anti-dilutive.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company follows the fair value method of accounting for stock awards granted to employees, directors, officers and consultants. Stock-based awards to employees are measured at the fair value of the related stock-based awards. Stock-based payments to others are valued based on the related services rendered or goods received or if this cannot be reliably measured, on the fair value of the instruments issued. Issuances of such awards are valued using the fair value of the awards at the time of grant. The Company recognizes stock-based payment expenses over the vesting period based on expectations of the number of awards expected to vest over that period on a straight-line basis.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of these financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting periods.
The Company evaluates its estimates on an ongoing basis. The Company bases its estimates on various assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
Critical accounting estimates are reviewed and discussed with the Board of Directors. The Company considers an accounting estimate to be critical if it requires assumptions to be made that were uncertain at the time the estimate was made, if changes in the estimate or if different estimates that could have been selected would have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations or financial condition.
Significant estimates and assumptions that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the financial statements relate to, but are not limited to going concern and liquidity assumptions, allowance for doubtful accounts, inventory reserves, valuation of stock-based compensation, loyalty points rewards and return and refund provisions.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
The Company has reviewed the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) accounting pronouncement and interpretations thereof that have effective dates during the reporting period and in future periods.
New standards and interpretations:
Early adoption of ASC606 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers”
As permitted, the Company elected to early-adopt ASC606 for the periods reported. In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (Topic 606) (“ASU 2014-09”), which supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in ASC Topic 605, “Revenue Recognition,” and most industry-specific guidance. ASU No. 2014-09 is based on the principle that revenue is recognized to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The ASU also requires additional disclosure about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments, and assets recognized from costs incurred to obtain or fulfill a contract.
The amendments in the ASU must be applied using one of two retrospective methods and are effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2016. On July 9, 2015, the FASB modified ASU 2014-09 to be effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period. As modified, the FASB permits the adoption of the new revenue standard early, but not before the
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annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016. There have also been various additional accounting standards updates issues by the FASB in 2016 that further amend this new revenue standard. The Company adopted ASC 606 on January 1, 2017 and there has been no impact on the financial statements as a result of the adoption of ASC 606.
Early adoption of ASU 2017-11 “Earnings Per Share”
As permitted, the Company elected to early-adopt ASU 2017-11. The FASB issued ASU No. 2017-11, Earnings Per Share (Topic 260) Distinguishing Liabilities From Equity (Topic 480) Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): I. Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments With Down Round Features; II. Replacement of the Indefinite Deferral for Mandatorily Redeemable Financial Instruments of Certain Non-public Entities and Certain Mandatorily Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests With a Scope Exception, allows a financial instrument with a down-round feature to no longer automatically be classified as a liability solely based on the existence of the down-round provision. The update also means the instrument would not have to be accounted for as a derivative and be subject to an updated fair value measurement each reporting period.
On consideration of the above factors, the Company elected to early adopt ASU 2017-11 on January 1, 2018, the ASU is effective for public business entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. For all other organizations, the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020.
The early adoption allows the Company to reduce the cost and complexity of accounting for financial instruments that, due to down round provisions, would otherwise require fair value measurement each reporting period and eliminate the corresponding impact and unnecessary volatility in reported earnings created by the revaluation when the Company’s share value changes.
The Company has applied the change in accounting policy retrospectively to all prior periods, as described in ASU No. 250-10-45-5, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections; however, there was no impact on the comparative period.
New standards and interpretations:
Early adoption of ASU 2017-01 “Business Combinations”
The FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01 which clarifies the definition of business. If substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired is a single identifiable asset or group of similar identifiable assets, the set is not considered a business. The Company elected to early adopt ASU 2017-01 on January 1, 2018, the ASU is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017. For all other organizations, the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019.
The Company has applied the change in accounting policy retrospectively to all prior periods, as described in ASU No. 250-10-45-5, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections; however, there was no impact on the comparative period.
New and revised standards not yet adopted:
On February 25, 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). This update will require organizations that lease assets to recognize on the balance sheets the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by those leases. The new guidance will also require additional disclosures about the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The provisions of this update are effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is currently assessing the impact of the standard on its lease commitments disclosed in Note 10. Recognizing the present value of the remaining lease payments as a right of use asset and lease liability is expected to have a material impact, which is currently still under assessment.
In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07- Stock Compensation (Topic 718). The amendments in this Update expand the scope of Topic 718 to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods and services from nonemployees. The requirements of Topic 718 should be applied to nonemployee awards except for specific guidance on inputs to an option pricing model and the attribution of cost. The amendments specific that Topic 718 applies to all share-based payment transactions in which a grantor acquires goods or services to be used or consumed in a grantor’s own operations by issuing share-based payment awards. The amendments also clarify that Topic 718 does
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not apply to share-based payments used to effectively provide (1) financing to the issuer or (2) awards granted in conjunction with selling goods or services to customers as part of a contract accounted for under Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. These amendments are effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018.
In June 2016 the FASB issued Topic ASU No. 2016-13 “Financial Instruments—Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (Topic 326)” (“ASU 2016-13”). ASU 2016-13 changes the impairment model for most financial assets. The new model uses a forward-looking expected loss method, which will generally result in earlier recognition of allowances for losses. ASU 2016-13 is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019 and early adoption is permitted for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018.
The Company has carefully considered other new pronouncements that alter previous generally accepted accounting principles and does not believe that any new or modified principles will have a material impact on the Company’s reported balance sheet or operations in 2019.
Note 3 – Inventories:
Inventories reflected on the accompanying balance sheets are summarized as follows:
 
2018
2017
Food, treats and supplements
$1,301,274
$709,561
Other products and accessories
191,292
283,132
Inventory packaging and supplies
132,681
164,137
 
1,625,247
1,156,830
Inventory reserve
(68,301)
 
$1,556,946
$1,156,830
Note 4 – Property and Equipment:
Property and equipment consists of the following at December 31, 2018 and 2017:
 
2018
2017
Warehouse equipment
49,431
49,431
Computer equipment
13,913
13,913
Furniture and fixtures
45,944
14,556
 
109,288
77,900
Accumulated depreciation
(37,993)
(23,419)
 
$71,295
$54,481
Depreciation amounted to $14,123 and $11,883 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and is included as a component of selling, general, and administrative expenses.
Note 5 – Line of Credit:
The Company, along with the majority owners serving as co-borrowers, had a $2,000,000 line of credit executed in May 2017. Through various amendments, the maximum borrowings under the line increased to $4,600,000 with a maturity of May 2019. Borrowings bear interest at the Libor rate plus 3% (5.3% and 4.3% at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively). At December 31, 2018 and 2017, outstanding borrowings amounted to $4,600,000 and $1,985,000, respectively.
The line of credit is secured by certain investment holdings of one of the co-borrowers. Covenants under the line of credit require the Company to be within a certain quarterly and annual loss limitation threshold, and certain other restrictions. As of December 31, 2018, the Company was in compliance with their covenants. As of December 31, 2017, the Company was not in compliance with certain covenants; however, the bank granted a waiver of default remedies with respect to noncompliance as of that date and the credit agreement was modified to remove the annual loss limitation threshold.
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For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company recorded approximately $169,000 and $38,000, respectively, of interest expense in its statements of loss and comprehensive loss related to the line of credit.
Note 6 – Loyalty Program Provision:
The TruDog Love Club is a loyalty program designed to increase customer visits and spending. The Club allows members instant access to select perks not offered to the general public, like auto-shipments and free shipping over $47. The program also enables customers to accumulate points based on their spending. For every $1 spent, customers receive twelve points, and for every five hundred points earned, customers will receive a $5 gift card which can be redeemed for goods purchased on-line. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, earned, but not redeemed, loyalty program awards amounted to $65,965 and $0, respectively, as reflected in the balance sheets.
Note 7 – Other Liabilities:
Other liabilities include outstanding amounts on bank issued revolving credit cards. Interest rates on the issued credit cards was 19.24% for purchases and 24.24% for cash advances for the year ended December 31, 2018.
Under the terms of a Business Cash Advance Agreement, the Company has sold $2,005,794 of future receivables for proceeds of $1,879,794. Future receivables are defined as all future payments made by cash, check, ACH, direct or pre-authorized debit, wire transfer, credit card, debit card, charge card or other form of payment related to the business of the Company. The creditor has the right to decline to purchase any future receivables and/or adjust the amount of the advance. In the event of a sale, disposition, assignment, transfer or otherwise of all or substantially all of the business assets, the creditor’s consent is required or repayment in full of the amount of future receivables remaining. The transactions under the Business Cash Advance Agreement are as follows:
 
Advance #1
Advance #2
Advance #3
Total
Opening balance - January 1, 2018
 
 
 
 
Initial cash advance
$
$
$
$
Advance of outstanding amounts
398,909
965,308
1,050,000
2,414,217
Total initial advances
824,486
824,486
Payments
(429,432)
(1,080,180)
(101,727)
(1,611,339)
Advance fixed fee
30,523
114,872
126,000
271,395
Closing balance - December 31, 2018
$
$
$1,898,759
$1,898,759
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company recorded approximately $271,000 and $0, respectively, of interest expense in its statements of loss and comprehensive loss related to the credit cards.
Note 8 – Long-term Debt:
Long-term debt consists of a note payable to a director of the Company bearing 26.6% interest, unsecured, with principal and interest due within 30 days to the Company being sold. At December 31, 2018 and 2017, outstanding borrowings amounted to $1,600,000 and $0, respectively. As a result of the likelihood of a transaction resulting in a sale of the Company (Note 15), this has been classified as a current liability on the accompanying balance sheets.
For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company recorded approximately $426,000 and $0, respectively, of interest expense in its statements of loss and comprehensive loss related to its related party term debt.
Note 9 – Members’ Equity:
Common Units
The Company had the following transactions in its common units during the year ended December 31, 2018:
The Company issued 148,627 shares of the Company’s common units to employees and consultants of the Company as compensation under the Equity Incentive Plan. The value of the units amounted to $430,811 and has been recorded as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2017.
The Company had the following transactions in its common units during the year ended December 31, 2017:
The Company issued an aggregate of 4,796,457 shares of the Company’s common units at a purchase price of $1.29 per share. The proceeds were approximately $6,170,000.
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The Company issued 391,997 shares of the Company’s common units to an employee and a service provider of the Company as compensation. The value of the units amounted to $916,293 and has been recorded as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2017.
Series A Preferred Units
In December 2018, the Company completed a private placement and issued Series A Preferred Units to unrelated parties for $2.40 per unit.
Until a Qualified Public Offering (as defined in the Company Operating Agreement, “Agreement”), any holder of Series A Preferred Units may, at any time prior to or simultaneously with a Deemed Liquidation Event (as defined in the Agreement), without the payment of additional consideration by the Series A Preferred Member, convert all or any portion of the Series A Preferred Units (including any fraction of a Unit) held by such Member into a number of Common Units based on a Series A Preferred Unit conversion price as defined in the Agreement.
The initial “Conversion Price” shall be the Original Purchase Price per Series A Preferred Unit. In order to prevent dilution of the conversion rights granted under this Agreement, the Conversion Price shall be adjusted for any unit splits, unit combinations, unit “dividends”, recapitalizations or similar transactions with respect to such Series A Preferred Units after the issuance of such Series A Preferred Units and also shall be subject to adjustment from time to time pursuant to the Agreement.
All of the outstanding Series A Preferred Units shall be automatically converted into a number of Common Units equal to (i) the total number of outstanding Series A Preferred Units multiplied by the Adjusted Original Purchase Price, divided by (ii) the Conversion Price then in effect without any further action on the part of the Company or any holder of Series A Preferred Units, upon (i) the closing of a Qualified Public Offering or (ii) the date and time, or the occurrence of an event, specified by the vote or written consent of the Unanimous Consent of the Series A Managers.
As detailed above, the Company early adopted ASU 2017-11 and accounted for Series A Preferred Units as an equity instrument.
The following summarizes the Company’s shares of common units as of December 31, 2018:
The Company issued an aggregate of 2,162,536 shares of the Company’s Series A Preferred Units at a purchase price of $2.29 per unit. The proceeds were approximately $4,668,000, net of $532,000 of share issuance costs.
No transactions were consummated during the year ended December 31, 2017 related to the Series A Preferred Units.
Equity Incentive Plan
In December 2018, the Company executed a limited liability company agreement by and among its members. As part of the agreement, an equity incentive plan was created whereby common units are or may be granted to an employee, consultant, officer, director, manager or other service provider of the Company. The aggregate number of common units issued pursuant to the plan, together with the aggregate number of profits interest units issued pursuant to any profits interest plan shall not exceed eight percent 8% of the total units outstanding. Therefore, the Company has 1,097,552 available units to issue under the plan as of December 31, 2018. The value of these units are estimated at the common unit fair market value of $2.40 per unit.
In November 2018, the Company awarded an affiliate of the managing member 274,388 available units under the Equity Incentive Plan in connection with its performance of services to the Company. Fifty percent of these incentive units shall vest immediately, and then subject to continuous service being rendered, the remaining incentive units shall vest in 24 equal monthly installments beginning on the effective date of the Plan which is December 2018.
Note 10 – Operating Lease Commitments:
The Company leases its office and warehouse facilities under an agreement, which originally expired in November 2018. This agreement was modified in January 2016 for additional space leased. With this modification, the rent term was also revised and extended for an additional 72 months beginning June 2016, at a base price of $12.15 per square foot, with a 3.5% annual escalation clause and a one-time option to renew the lease for an additional 5 year term. In addition to base monthly rent, the agreement requires the Company to pay its proportionate share of real estate taxes, insurance, and common area maintenance expenses.
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Rent expense under this arrangement amounted to $219,262 and $128,457 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
Future minimum commitments under this agreement is as follows at December 31, 2018:
Year Ending December 31,
 
2019
$257,296
2020
295,740
2021
295,740
2022
123,075
2023
 
$971,850
Note 11 – Material Service Agreements:
Material service agreements consummated with related parties:
Financial and Accounting Personnel
The Company entered into an agreement in December 2018 for assistance and support regarding its financial operation and capital raise efforts, and can be terminated at any time by either party with a 60 day notice with an affiliate of the managing member. The agreement requires payments amounting to $21,160 every 4 weeks through December 2020. Payments related to this agreement amounted to $48,312 for the year ended December 31, 2018.
Management Services
The Company pays an entity owned by one of its members for management services that can be terminated at any time by either party. Payments related to this arrangement amounted to approximately $477,000 and $0 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
Finder’s Fee and Other Services
The Company paid a finders’ fee of $300,000 during the year ended December 31, 2018 to an entity owned by one of its members. Additionally, the Company paid approximately $437,000 to this entity for other professional services rendered. No such fees were paid to this entity in 2017.
Material service agreements consummated with third parties:
Financial and Accounting Personnel
The Company entered into an agreement in December 2018 for accounting management services for a fee of $5,770 to be paid every 2 weeks. Prior to this, the same company was performing similar services in 2018 for $3,600 every 2 weeks. Payments related to this agreement amounted to $37,710 for the year ended December 31, 2018.
Supply Chain and Inventory Control Management
The Company entered into an agreement with an independent contractor for supply chain and inventory control services in March 2017 for $1,100 per month. Payments related to this agreement amounted to $57,200 and $29,950 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
Marketing Services
The Company entered into an agreement with an independent contractor for dedicated marketing measurement management in March 2018 for $2,995 per week. The contract can be terminated by either party with a 30 day written notice. Payments related to this agreement amounted to $26,955 for the year ended December 31, 2018.
The Company entered into an agreement with an independent contractor for e-mail marketing services and related maintenance in November 2017 for $4,000 per month. The contract can be terminated by either party with a 30 day written notice. Payments related to this agreement amounted to $48,000 and $8,000 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
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The Company entered into an agreement with an independent contractor for marketing services in March 2018 for $3,500 per month. The contract can be terminated by either party with a 30 day written notice. Payments related to this agreement amounted to $35,000 for the year ended December 31, 2018.
Material service agreements consummated with third parties:
Placement and Selling Agent
In December 2018, the Company executed an agreement with a third party to assist them in identifying and negotiating with potential investors, assisting in due diligence, and other capital market functions for a term of 6 months. The agreement calls for a $0 base fee, but a 5% commission on cash proceeds obtained in exchange for shares or equity interest in the Company. The commissions can be paid in cash or equity in the Company. This agreement has an initial six month term, and subsequent to that, with a sixty day notice prior to the end of the initial term, the Company at its option may elect to extend this agreement for one successive twelve month term. Payments related to this agreement amounted to $110,000 for the year ended December 31, 2018, and is capitalized to related private placement as costs of issuance.
Consulting and Business Advisory Services
In September 2018, the Company executed an agreement with two third parties to assist them in brand alignment, introductions to potential investors as well as introductions to others who could provide assistance to the Company. The agreement calls for a referral fee paid of the following:
6% of any deal completed with a person or entity that was referred by the third parties up to $10,000,000.
3% of $10,000,001 – $20,000,000.
1.5% above $20,000,001
This agreement has an initial term of one year with automatic renewal for successive one year terms. Either party can terminate the agreement with a thirty day written notice. Payments related to this agreement amounted to $132,000 for the year ended December 31, 2018, and is capitalized to related private placement as costs of issuance.
Note 12 – Royalties:
The Company entered into an agreement for the payment of royalties related to sales of the Orapup brand dental system in November 2015. The agreement calls for a 10% royalty to be paid on the first $2.5 million of related sales for a term of 3 years. Subsequent to this, commencing on the earlier of the 3 year term, or the sales ceiling of $2.5 million has been reached, a 2% royalty will be paid thereafter on the sales of the Orapup brand. In November 2018, the parties reached a settlement whereby the Company paid $100,000 to fulfill all of their present and future obligations related to this agreement. As such, in addition to this payment, royalty expense amounted to $3,091 and $15,011 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, all of which are included in selling, general and administrative expenses.
Note 13 – Concentration of Credit Risk:
The Company’s financial instruments that are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivables. The Company places its cash and cash equivalents with primarily one financial institution. At times, such amounts may be in excess of the FDIC insured limit. The Company has never experienced any losses related to these balances.
The Company routinely assesses the financial strength of its customers and, as a consequence, believes that its accounts receivable credit risk exposure is limited.
Note 14 – Major Suppliers:
The Company purchased approximately 70% and 54% of its inventories from one vendor for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Additionally, the Company primarily utilized one vendor for outsourced manufacturing of their meals for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.
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Note 15 – Subsequent Events:
Management has evaluated subsequent events through the date on which the financial statements were issued.
Award of Incentive Units
In January 2019, the Company awarded the following individuals or entities available units of the Equity Incentive Plan:
Anthony Santarsiero – 397,862 units
Michelle Ruble, supply chain and inventory control management (see Note 10) – 137,194 units
Will Mullis – 137,194 units
Provisions under these award agreements call for continuous service to the Company and will vest over a 3 year period unless a deemed liquidation or business combination event occurs, whereby the units will become 100% vested prior to consummation of such event.
Plan and Exchange Agreement
In February 2019, the Company entered into a securities and exchange agreement with Better Choice Company Inc. (“BCC”) (formerly Sports Endurance, Inc.), a Delaware corporation, TruPet LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“TruPet”), and the holders of the Membership Interests of TruPet. The TruPet Members will sell, convey, transfer and assign to BCC, free and clear of all Encumbrances or known claims of any kind, nature or description, all of the issued and outstanding Membership Interests of TruPet on a fully diluted basis (the “TruPet Exchange Consideration”). The agreement is subject to certain conditions to close disclosed in article 6 of the agreement. Immediately after the consummation of the transaction the TruPet Members, in the aggregate, shall own 38.2% of the voting power and 38.2% of the economic interests in BCC.
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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Bona Vida, Inc.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying balance sheet of Bona Vida Inc. (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2018, and the related statements of loss and comprehensive loss, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for the period from the date of incorporation, March 29, 2018 to December 31, 2018, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the financial statements).
In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2018, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the period then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Material Uncertainty Related to Going Concern
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements, the Company is dependent upon future sources of equity financing in order to fund its operations. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audit, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Chartered Professional Accountants
Licensed Public Accountants
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2019.
Toronto, Ontario
April 9, 2019
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BONA VIDA, INC.
Balance Sheet
As at December 31, 2018
 
Note
 
Assets
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$1,123,968
Prepaid expenses and deposits
3
540,686
Total current assets
 
1,664,654
Intangible assets
 
9,270
Total assets
 
$1,673,924
Liabilities
 
 
Accrued liabilities
6
$115,946
Warrants
4
1,125,861
Total liabilities
 
1,241,807
Shareholders’ equity
 
 
Capital Stock
4
2,889
Preferred shares, 10,000,000 authorized, nil issued and outstanding;
 
 
Common stock, 75,000,000 authorized, par value $0.0001, 46,687,200 issued and outstanding
 
 
Additional paid in capital
4
3,594,915
Shares to be issued
5
9,546
Contributed surplus
5
94,172
Deficit
 
(3,269,405)
Total shareholders’ equity
 
432,117
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
 
$1,673,924
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements
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BONA VIDA, INC.
Statement of Loss and Comprehensive Loss
From the date of incorporation, March 29, 2018 to December 31, 2018
 
Note
2018
For the period ended December 31,
 
 
Expenses
 
 
Finance placement fees
4
$12,526
Salary and benefits
 
153,241
Selling, general and administrative
 
277,028
Loss on advanced royalties
7
500,000
Stock based compensation
5
1,390,718
Fair value adjustment on warrants
4
935,892
 
 
3,269,405
Net loss and comprehensive loss
 
$3,269,405
Weighted average number of shares outstanding
 
32,597,423
Loss per share basic and diluted
 
$0.10
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements
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BONA VIDA, INC.
Statement of Changes in Equity
From the date of incorporation, March 29, 2018 to December 31, 2018
 
Note
Equity Interest
Shares to be
issued
Contributed
Surplus
Deficit
Total
Equity
 
Number
Amount
APIC
Balance as at March 29, 2018
 
$
$
$
Shares issued to founders
4
17,800,000
Shares issued pursuant to private placement
4
10,600,000
1,060
316,940
318,000
Shares issued pursuant to units offering
4
12,287,200
1,229
1,991,575
1,992,804
Shares issued pursuant to services provided
5
6,000,000
600
1,286,400
9,546
1,296,546
Share-Based payments
 
94,172
94,172
Net loss for the period
 
(3,269,405)
(3,269,405)
Balance as at December 31, 2018
 
46,687,200
2,889
3,594,915
9,546
94,172
(3,269,405)
432,117
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements
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BONA VIDA, INC.
Statement of Cash Flows
From the date of incorporation, March 29, 2018 to December 31, 2018
 
Note
 
Cash flows from (used in) operating activities
 
 
Net loss and comprehensive loss
 
$(3,269,405)
Adjustments for non-cash items and others
 
 
Stock based compensation
5
1,390,718
Change in FV of Warrants
4
935,892
 
 
(942,795)
Adjustments for net changes in non-cash operating assets and liabilities
 
 
Prepaid expenses and deposits
3
(540,686)
Accrued liabilities
 
115,946
Net cash used in operating activities
 
(1,367,535)
Cash flows from investing activities
 
 
Purchase of intangible assets
 
(9,270)
Net cash used in investing activities
 
(9,270)
Cash flows from financing activities
 
 
Shares/warrants issued pursuant to units offering, net of transaction costs
 
2,182,773
Shares issued pursuant to private placement
 
318,000
Net cash from financing activities
 
2,500,773
Net change in cash during the period
 
1,123,968
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
 
Cash, end of period
 
$1,123,968
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements
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BONA VIDA, INC.
Notes to the Financial Statements
From the date of incorporation, March 29, 2018 to December 31, 2018
Note 1 – Nature Of Operations And Going Concern
Bona Vida, Inc. (“Bona Vida,” or the “Company”) was originally formed as a Limited Liability Company (LLC) under the laws of the State of California on March 29, 2018. On October 4, 2018, Bona Vida was converted to a Corporation under the laws of the State of Delaware. Bona Vida is developing a portfolio of brand and product verticals within the animal and adult CBD supplement space. The Company is currently working on launching several hemp-derived CBD products within the canine supplements space.
The Company entered into a Trademark License Agreement (the “Agreement”), dated December 21, 2018, with a Company’s shareholder (the “shareholder”) who is the owner of the trademark application for “Bonavida”. Under the Agreement, the shareholder agrees for the nominal consideration to establish the Company’s right to use the trademark for the Business Purpose. Furthermore, the shareholder shall assign the trademark application to the Company once a lawful statement of use or declaration of use is filed at the United States Patent and Trademark Office such that the Company becomes the Assignee and owner of the mark. The Company is the owner and assignee of a US trademark application for “Bona Vida” in international class 005 for animal feed additives for use as nutritional supplements and international class 031 for foodstuffs for animals and pet treats.
Going Concern
There is no certainty that the Company will be successful in generating sufficient cash flow from operations or achieving and maintaining profitable operations in the future to enable it to meet its obligations as they come due and consequently continue as a going concern. The Company will require additional financing to fund its operations and it is currently working on securing this funding through corporate collaborations, public or private equity offerings, as described in Note 8. Sales of additional equity securities by the Company would result in the dilution of the interests of existing shareholders. There can be no assurance that financing will be available when required.
The Company expects the forgoing, or a combination thereof, to meet the Company’s anticipated cash requirements for the next 12 months; however, these conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.
These financial statements have been prepared on the basis that the Company will continue as a going concern, which presumes that it will be able to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business as they come due. These financial statements do not reflect the adjustments to the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the reported expenses and statement of balance sheet classifications that would be necessary if the Company was unable to realize its assets and settle its liabilities as a going concern in the normal course of operations. Such adjustments could be material.
Note 2 – Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies
Statement of compliance
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) as issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) in effect on December 31, 2018. The significant accounting policies applied by the Company are described below.
Basis of measurement
The financial statements of the Company are presented using and have been prepared on a going concern basis, under the historical cost convention except for certain financial instruments that are measured at fair value, as explained in the accounting policies below. Historical cost is measured as the fair value of the consideration provided in exchange for goods and services. The Company’s functional and presentation currency is United States dollars (“USD”).
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include demand deposits held with banks and highly liquid investments with remaining maturities of ninety days or less at acquisition date. For purposes of reporting cash flows, the Company considers all cash accounts that are not subject to withdrawal restrictions or penalties to be cash and cash equivalents.
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Intangible Assets
Definite-lived intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives and are tested for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that carrying amounts of the asset group may not be recoverable. The estimated useful lives and amortization methods are reviewed at the end of each reporting year, with the effect of any changes in the estimate being accounted for on a prospective basis. In the reporting period, the Company purchased a website domain which is still under development and not available for use as of December 31, 2018 and thus has not been amortized.
Derivative Warrant Liability
The Company’s derivative warrant instruments are measured at fair value using the Black-Scholes Model which takes into account, as of the valuation date, factors including the current exercise price, the expected life of the warrant, the current price of the underlying stock and its expected volatility, expected dividends on the stock and the risk-free interest rate for the term of the warrant. The liability is revalued at each reporting period and changes in fair value are recognized in the statements of loss and comprehensive loss.
Basic and diluted loss per share
Basic and diluted loss per share has been determined by dividing the net loss available to shareholders for the applicable period by the basic and diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding, respectively. The diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding is calculated as if all dilutive options had been exercised or vested at the later of the beginning of the reporting period or date of grant, using the treasury stock method. Common share equivalents, options and warrants are excluded from the computation of diluted loss per share when their effect is anti-dilutive.
Income Taxes
Deferred taxation is recognized using the asset and liability method, on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. However, the deferred taxation is not recognized if it arises from initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction other than a business combination that at the time of the transaction affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss. Deferred taxation is determined using tax rates (and laws) that have been enacted by the reporting date and are expected to apply when the related deferred taxation asset is realized, or the deferred taxation liability is settled.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset if there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax liabilities and assets, and they relate to income taxes levied by the same tax authority on the same taxable entity, or on different tax entities, but they intend to settle current tax liabilities and assets on a net basis or their tax assets and liabilities will be realized simultaneously.
A deferred tax asset is recognized to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which the temporary difference can be utilized. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realized.
Share-Based Payment Expense
The Company follows the fair value method of accounting for stock awards granted to employees, directors, officers and consultants. Share-based awards to employees are measured at the fair value of the related share-based awards. Share-based payments to others are valued based on the related services rendered or goods received or if this cannot be reliably measured, on the fair value of the instruments issued. Issuances of shares are valued using the fair value of the shares at the time of grant; issuances of options are valued using the Black-Scholes model with assumptions based on historical experience and future expectations. The Company recognizes share-based payment expenses over the vesting period based on expectations of the number of awards expected to vest over that period on a straight-line basis.
Financial Instruments
The Company’s financial instruments recognized in the balance sheet and included in working capital consist of cash and cash equivalents, prepaid expenses and deposits, accrued liabilities and warrants. Cash and cash equivalents, and warrants are measured at fair value each reporting period. The fair values of the remaining financial instruments approximate their carrying values due to their short-term maturities.
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The Company’s financial instruments exposed to credit risk include cash and cash equivalents. The Company places its cash and cash equivalents with institutions of high creditworthiness.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The Company has applied the framework for measuring fair value which requires a fair value hierarchy to be applied to all fair value measurements.
All financial instruments recognized at fair value in the balance sheet are classified into one of three levels in the fair value hierarchy as follows:
Level 1 – valuation based on quoted prices (unadjusted) observed in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 – valuation techniques based on inputs that are quoted prices of similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; inputs other than quoted prices used in a valuation model that are observable for that instrument; and inputs that are derived from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.
Level 3 – valuation techniques with significant unobservable market inputs.
All of the Company’s financial instruments, except warrants, were determined to be Level 1 fair value measurement. The warrants were determined to be Level 3 fair value.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of these financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting periods.
The Company evaluates its estimates on an ongoing basis. The Company bases its estimates on various assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
Critical accounting estimates are reviewed and discussed with the Board of Directors. The Company considers an accounting estimate to be critical if it requires assumptions to be made that were uncertain at the time the estimate was made, if changes in the estimate or if different estimates that could have been selected would have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations or financial condition.
Significant estimates and assumptions that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the financial statements relate to, but are not limited to the following:
Share-based payments
Valuation of stock-based compensation requires management to make estimates regarding the inputs for option pricing models, such as the share price, expected life of the option, the volatility of the Company’s stock price, the vesting period of the option and the risk-free interest rate are used. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The estimates are considered for each new grant of stock options.
Fair value of financial instruments
The individual fair values attributed to the different components of a financing transaction, and/or derivative financial instruments, are determined using valuation techniques. The Company uses judgment to select the methods used to make certain assumptions and in performing the fair value calculations. These valuation estimates could be significantly different because of the use of judgment and the inherent uncertainty in estimating the fair value of these instruments that are not quoted in an active market.
Effects of Recent Accounting Pronouncements
The Company has reviewed the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) accounting pronouncement and interpretations thereof that have effective dates during the reporting period and in future periods. The Company has
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carefully considered the new pronouncements that alter previous generally accepted accounting principles and does not believe that any new or modified principles will have a material impact on the Company’s reported balance sheet or operations in 2019.
On February 25, 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). This update will require organizations that lease assets to recognize on the balance sheets the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by those leases. The new guidance will also require additional disclosures about the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The provisions of this update are effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018.
In June 2016 the FASB issued Topic ASU No. 2016-13 “Financial Instruments—Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (Topic 326)” (“ASU 2016-13”). ASU 2016-13 changes the impairment model for most financial assets. The new model uses a forward-looking expected loss method, which will generally result in earlier recognition of allowances for losses. ASU 2016-13 is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019 and early adoption is permitted for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment (“ASU 2017-04”). The standard provides for the elimination of Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. If impairment charges are recognized, the amount recorded will be the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value with certain limitations. The ASU is effective for public companies for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2020, and early adoption is permitted.
In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07—Stock Compensation (Topic 718). The amendments in this Update expand the scope of Topic 718 to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods and services from nonemployees. The requirements of Topic 718 should be applied to nonemployee awards except for specific guidance on inputs to an option pricing model and the attribution of cost. The amendments specific that Topic 718 applies to all share-based payment transactions in which a grantor acquires goods or services to be used or consumed in a grantor’s own operations by issuing share-based payment awards. The amendments also clarify that Topic 718 does not apply to share-based payments used to effectively provide (1) financing to the issuer or (2) awards granted in conjunction with selling goods or services to customers as part of a contract accounted for under Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. These amendments are effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018.
Note 3 – Prepaid Expenses And Deposits
Prepaid expenses and deposits comprised the following as at December 31:
 
2018
Other deposits
$34,436
Inventory deposit
506,250
 
$540,686
The inventory deposit constitutes deposit with one supplier for pet related food products.
Note 4 – Common Stock And Common Share Purchase Warrants
Common Stock
In October 2018, upon Company’s conversion from LLC to Corporation as detailed in Note 1, 73,500 LLC units were converted to 29,400,000 common shares. 2,500 LLC units (1,000,000 common shares) were issued in April 2018 to a third-party consultant for services provided, as detailed in Note 5.
The Company is authorized to issue 75,000,000 common stock and 10,000,000 preferred stock, each with a par value of $0.0001.
There were no issued and outstanding preferred shares as of December 31, 2018.
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Common shares as at December 31, 2018 are detailed in the table below:
 
Number of
Common
Shares
Amount,
$
APIC,
$
Opening balance - March 29, 2018
Shares issued during the period
28,400,000
1,060
316,940
Shares issued pursuant to services
6,000,000
600
1,286,400
Units private placement on October 5, 2018
12,287,200
1,229
1,991,575
Balance- December 31, 2018
46,687,200
2,889
3,594,915
Units private placement
On October 5, 2018, the Company completed a private placement offering of units for aggregate gross proceeds of $3,071,800 Canadian Dollars (CAD) ($2,326,820). A total of 12,287,200 units were issued. Each unit was sold at a price of CAD $0.25 ($0.19) per unit. Each unit was comprised of one common share and one half of one common share purchase warrant, each whole warrant being exercisable to purchase one common share at an exercise price of CAD $0.75 ($0.57) for a period of 18 months following the date of issuance.
Since the warrants’ exercise price is denominated in a currency other than the Company’s functional currency, the warrants are not considered indexed to the Company’s own stock and thus meet the definition of a financial liability.
The Company estimated a fair value of the warrants as $189,969 on issuance date, October 5, 2018, and $1,125,861 as remeasured at December 31, 2018. The fair value adjustment of $935,892 was recorded in the statement of loss and comprehensive loss.
The fair value of the warrants was estimated using the Black-Scholes valuation model based on the following assumptions:
Share price
$0.178 - $0.45
Stock price volatility
107% - 108%
Expected life of the warrants
1.25 - 1.5 years
Risk free rate
1.86% - 2.32%
Inter-relationship between key unobservable inputs and fair value measurement at December 31, 2018:
If the share price was lower (higher) by 10%, the fair value would decrease (increase) by $163,954 ($205,025).
If the volatility was lower (higher) by 10%, the fair value would decrease (increase) by $90,069 ($135,103).
Total units’ issuance cost was $156,572, $12,525 of which was assigned to warrants which are accounted for as a derivative liability and is recorded in the reporting period in the statement of loss and comprehensive loss.
The Company had the following warrants outstanding at December 31, 2018
Grant date
Warrants
Exercise
Price
($)
Expiry
October 5, 2018
6,143,600
0.57
April 4, 2020
Note 5 – Share-Based Payments
During the period ended December 31, 2018, the Company issued 3,300,000 stock purchase options and 6,000,000 common shares to directors, officers and service providers as share based compensation. The value of the shares given was based on recent financing transactions, the fair value of options was estimated using Black-Scholes valuation model based on the assumptions as detailed below.
Common shares:
In April 2018 the Company issued 1,000,000 common shares, which were estimated at $0.125 per share, to a third-party consultant for legal services provided.
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In October 2018 the Company issued 1,000,000 common shares, which were estimated at $0.178 per share, to original founders for services provided.
On October 5, 2018, the Board of Directors for the Company authorized the employment agreement for a Chief Executive Officer and awarded 3,000,000 shares of common stock, which were estimated at $0.178 per share, as compensation.
On December 21, 2018, the Board of Directors of the Company authorized and issued 1,000,000 common shares, which were estimated at $0.45 per share, to the Bona Vida management team in consideration of the management team joining the Company.
On October 5, 2018, the Company allocated 300,000 shares of common stock to management which will be issued in equal portions over two years (50% end of year 1 and 50% end of year 2). The shares were estimated at $0.178 per share and the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense $9,546 in its statement of loss and comprehensive loss in the reporting period.
Stock purchase options:
On October 5, 2018, the Company issued 1,700,000 stock purchase options at an exercise price of $1.00 to its management. 1,000,000 stock purchase options vests after a one-year period and 700,000 stock purchase options vests after a two-year period; all 1,700,000 stock purchase options are exercisable for ten years from the grant date.
On October 29, 2018, the Company issued 600,000 stock purchase option at an exercise price of $0.45 to its directors. These options vest after a one-year period and are exercisable for ten years from the grant date.
On November 21, 2018, the Company issued 600,000 stock purchase option at an exercise price of $1.00 to third party consultants. These options vest after a one-year period and are exercisable for ten years from the grant date.
On December 21, 2018, the Company issued 400,000 stock purchase option at an exercise price of $0.45 to its directors. These options vest after a one-year period and are exercisable for ten years from the grant date.
The components of stock purchase options are detailed in the table below.
 
Date of
grant
Vesting
period
(years)
Number
Exercise
price
($)
Share-
based
payment
expense
($)
Share
price
($)
Risk-
free
rate
Volatility
Dividend
yield
Expiry
(years)
Option grant
10/05/18
1
1,000,000
1.00
35,141
0.178
2.32
108%
Nil
10
Option grant
10/05/18
2
700,000
1.00
12,299
0.178
2.32
108%
Nil
10
Option grant
10/29/18
1
600,000
0.45
16,197
0.178
2.32
108%
Nil
10
Option grant
11/21/18
1
600,000
1.00
26,008
0.45
1.86
107%
Nil
10
Option grant
12/21/18
1
400,000
0.45
4,527
0.45
1.86
107%
Nil
10
Total options grant
 
 
3,300,000
 
94,172
 
 
 
 
 
As at December 31, 2018, all stock options granted remained outstanding and not exercisable.
Note 6 – Related Party Transactions And Balances
As at December 31, 2018, the Company had an amount owing to the officers of the Company of $57,177 for salary and bonus which is recorded in accrued liabilities.
A total of $1,049,410 was recognized during the period ended December 31, 2018, for share-based payments expense to directors and officers of the Company.
Note 7 – Loss On Advanced Royalties
In May 2018, the Company advanced $500,000 as well as the rights to purchase common stock to a celebrity endorser in order to obtain the rights to use the name, likeness and endorsement services of said celebrity. In December 2018 the deal was terminated, after the advances were already paid out. Bona Vida waived the right to claim the $500,000 advance, and the celebrity waived the rights to Bona Vida’s shares.
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Note 8 – Income Taxes
The reconciliation of the combined U.S. federal and state statutory income tax rate of 27.98% the effective tax rate is as follows:
Net Loss before recovery of income taxes
$(3,269,405)
Expected income tax (recovery)
$(914,897)
Other non-deductible expenses
4,716
Fair value adjustment on warrants
261,896
Change in tax benefits not recognized
648,285
Income tax (recovery) expense
$
The Company’s income tax (recovery) is allocated as follows:
 
Current tax (recovery) expense
$
Deferred tax (recovery) expense
 
$
Unrecognized deferred tax assets
Deferred taxes are provided as a result of temporary differences that arise due to the differences between the income tax values and the carrying amount of assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets have not been recognized in respect of the following deductible temporary differences:
Stock Based Compensation
$1,390,718
Capitalized start-up cost
925,943
Note 9 – Subsequent Events
The Company has evaluated subsequent events occurring after the balance sheet date through the date the consolidated financial statements were issued.
On January 9, 2019, the Company entered into a Share Purchase Agreement (the “Agreement”) to acquire GBX Labs Ltd. (“GBX”), a BVI business company incorporated under the laws of the British Virgin Islands. Pursuant to the Agreement, the Company issued a total of 10,000,000 common shares in consideration for a 100% ownership interest in GBX. On a pro-forma basis (unaudited), since GBX had no revenue and expenses in 2018, had this acquisition been completed on March 29, 2018 (date of incorporation), the net loss of the Company would not have changed.
On January 29, 2019, the Company finalized a share buy-back (“Buy-Back”) whereby it acquired 13,407,200 common shares and 303,600 warrants from existing shareholders for a total consideration of $625,000. All common shares and warrants under the Buy-Back have been cancelled by the Company.
On February 6, 2019, the Company signed a non-binding letter of intent with Sports Endurance, Inc. (“SENZ”), to be renamed Better Choice Company, Inc., to acquire 100% of Bona Vida. SENZ is prepared to complete the acquisition by purchasing the 100% of Bona Vida issued and outstanding common stock for $55,000,000 (the “Purchase Price”) equal to approximately USD $0.97 per Share. The Purchase Price is based on the assumption that 56,942,222 Shares (on fully diluted basis) are issued and outstanding on the closing date of the Transaction. The Purchase Price would be satisfied in SENZ common stock (the “SENZ Shares”) issued at an exchange ratio of 26 SENZ Shares for each Share held. Immediately following the closing (the “Closing”) of the Transaction, Bona Vida shareholders will own 468,085,106 (or 46%) of the issued and outstanding SENZ Shares (on a fully diluted basis) based on the assumption that 1,018,668,131 SENZ Shares will be issued and outstanding at Closing.
Subsequent to December 31, 2018, the Company completed several subscription agreements for the issuance of common shares for gross proceeds of $1,999,970 through the issuance of 4,444,440 common shares.
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Bona Vida, Inc.
Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet
As at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018
 
Note
Unaudited As of
March 31,
2019
Audited As of
December 31,
2018
Assets
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$1,488,794
$1,123,968
Inventories
3
351,402
Prepaid expenses and deposits
4
471,709
540,686
Total current assets
 
2,311,905
1,664,654
Intangible assets
 
8,575
9,270
Total assets
 
$2,320,480
$1,673,924
 
 
 
 
Liabilities
 
 
 
Accounts Payable
 
$105,287
$
Accrued liabilities
 
33,707
115,946
Other Liabilities
 
19,298
Warrants
5
927,926
1,125,861
Total liabilities
 
1,086,218
1,241,807
 
 
 
 
Shareholders’ equity
 
 
 
Capital Stock
5
4,172
2,889
Preferred shares, 10,000,000 authorized, nil issued and outstanding as at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018;
 
 
 
Common stock, 75,000,000 authorized, par value $0.0001, 47,724,440 and 46,687,200 issued and outstanding as at March 31, 2019 and December 31,2018 accordingly
 
 
 
Additional paid in capital
5
9,784,220
3,594,915
Shares to be issued
6
19,531
9,546
Contributed surplus
 
267,552
94,172
Accumulated Deficit
 
(8,841,213)
(3,269,405)
Total shareholders’ equity
 
1,234,262
432,117
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
 
$2,320,480
$1,673,924
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements
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Bona Vida, Inc.
Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Statement of Loss and Comprehensive Loss
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
 
Note
 
Net Sales
 
$17,547
Cost of Goods Sold
 
17,763
Gross Loss
 
(216)
Selling, general and administrative
 
5,159,654
Other Income (Expense)
 
 
Fair Value Adjustments
5
(144,782)
Share Based Compensation
6
183,365
Net Loss and Comprehensive Loss
 
$(5,198,453)
Weighted average number of shares outstanding
 
48,215,560
Loss per share basic and diluted
 
(0.11)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements
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Bona Vida, Inc.
Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 and
From the Date of Incorporation March 29, 2018 to December 31, 2018
 
Note
Equity Interest
Shares to
be issued
Contributed
Surplus
Deficit
Total
Equity
 
Number
Amount
APIC
Balance as at March 29, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shares issued to founders
 
17,800,000
$
$
$
$
$
Shares issued pursuant to private placement
 
10,600,000
1,060
316,940
 
 
 
318,000
Shares issued pursuant to units offering
 
12,287,200
1,229
1,991,575
 
 
 
1,992,804
Shares issued pursuant to services provided
 
6,000,000
600
1,286,400
9,546
 
 
1,296,546
Share-Based payments
 
94,172
94,172
Net loss for the period
 
(3,269,405)
(3,269,405)
Balance as at December 31, 2018 (Audited)
 
46,687,200
2,889
3,594,915
9,546
94,172
(3,269,405)
432,117
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shares issued pursuant to investment
5
10,000,000
1,000
4,499,000
4,500,000
Share Buy-Back
5
(13,407,200)
(141)
(198,351)
(373,355)
(571,847)
Shares issued pursuant to private placement, net of transaction cost
5
4,444,440
424
1,888,656
1,889,080
Shares issued pursuant to services provided
6
 
9,985
9,985
Share-Based payments
6
173,380
173,380
Net loss for the period
 
(5,198,453)
(5,198,453)
Balance as at March 31, 2019
 
47,724,440
$4,172
$9,784,220
19,531
$267,552
$(8,841,213)
$1,234,262
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements
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Bona Vida, Inc.
Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
 
Note
 
Cash flows from (used in) operating activities
 
 
Net loss and comprehensive loss
 
$(5,198,453)
Adjustments for non-cash items and others
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
 
696
Stock based compensation
6
183,365
Change in FV of Warrants
5
(144,782)
Adjustments for net changes in non-cash operating assets and liabilities
 
 
Inventory
3
(351,402)
Prepaid expenses and deposits
4
68,977
Other Liabilities
 
19,298
Accrued liabilities
 
(82,239)
Accounts Payable
 
105,286
Net cash used in operating activities
 
(5,399,254)
 
 
 
Cash flows from financing activities
 
 
Shares issued pursuant to investments
5
4,500,000
Shares issued pursuant to private placement, net of transaction cost
5
1,889,080
Share buyback
5
(625,000)
Net cash from financing activities
 
5,764,080
Net change in cash during the period
 
364,826
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
 
1,123,968
Cash, end of period
 
$1,488,794
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements
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Notes to Unaudited Financial Statements
Note 1 – Nature of Operations and Going Concern
Bona Vida, Inc. (“Bona Vida,” or the “Company”) was originally formed as a Limited Liability Company (LLC) under the laws of the State of California on March 29, 2018. There were no operations from the date of incorporation, March 29, 2018 to March 31, 2018. Therefore, the Statements of Loss and Comprehensive Loss, Changes in Equity and Cash Flows for the period from the date of incorporation, March 29, 2018 to March 31, 2018, are not presented in these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements. On October 4, 2018, Bona Vida was converted to a Corporation under the laws of the State of Delaware. Bona Vida is developing a portfolio of brand and product verticals within the animal and adult CBD supplement space. The Company is currently working on launching several hemp-derived CBD products within the canine supplements space.
The Company entered into a Trademark License Agreement (the “Agreement”), dated December 21, 2018, with a Company’s shareholder (the “shareholder”) who is the owner of the trademark application for “Bonavida”. Under the Agreement, the shareholder agrees for the nominal consideration to establish the Company’s right to use the trademark for the Business Purpose. Furthermore, the shareholder shall assign the trademark application to the Company once a lawful statement of use or declaration of use is filed at the United States Patent and Trademark Office such that the Company becomes the Assignee and owner of the mark. The Company is the owner and assignee of a US trademark application for “Bona Vida” in international class 005 for animal feed additives for use as nutritional supplements and international class 031 for foodstuffs for animals and pet treats.
Going Concern
There is no certainty that the Company will be successful in generating sufficient cash flow from operations or achieving and maintaining profitable operations in the future to enable it to meet its obligations as they come due and consequently continue as a going concern. The Company will require additional financing to fund its operations. Sales of additional equity securities by the Company would result in the dilution of the interests of existing shareholders. There can be no assurance that financing will be available when required.
The Company expects the forgoing, or a combination thereof, to meet the Company’s anticipated cash requirements for the next 12 months; however, these conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.
These unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the basis that the Company will continue as a going concern, which presumes that it will be able to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business as they come due. These unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements do not reflect the adjustments to the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the reported expenses and balance sheet classifications that would be necessary if the Company was unable to realize its assets and settle its liabilities as a going concern in the normal course of operations. Such adjustments could be material.
Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) as issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) in effect on March 31, 2019. The significant accounting policies applied by the Company are described below.
The consolidated financial statements of the Company are presented using and have been prepared on a going concern basis, under the historical cost convention except for certain financial instruments that are measured at fair value, as explained in the accounting policies below. Historical cost is measured as the fair value of the consideration provided in exchange for goods and services. The Company’s functional and presentation currency is United States dollars (“USD”).
The consolidated financial statements and notes thereto are unaudited. These consolidated statements include all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) that the Company considered necessary to present a fair consolidated statement of the Company’s results of operations, balance sheet and cash flows. The results reported in these consolidated financial statements should not be regarded as necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the entire year. It is suggested that these consolidated financial statements be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto for the period from the date of incorporation, March 29, 2018 to December 31, 2018.
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The Company’s significant accounting policies are described in Note 2 to the aforementioned audited financial statements. The Company includes herein certain updates to those policies.
Inventories are recorded at the lower of cost and net realizable value. The net realizable value represents the estimated selling price for inventories in the ordinary course of business, less all estimated costs of completion and costs necessary to make the sale. Cost is determined on a standard cost basis and includes the purchase price and other costs, such as transportation costs. Inventory’s average cost is determined on a first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) basis and trade discounts are deducted from the purchase price.
In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07—Stock Compensation (Topic 718). The amendments in this Update expand the scope of Topic 718 to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods and services from nonemployees. The requirements of Topic 718 should be applied to nonemployee awards except for specific guidance on inputs to an option pricing model and the attribution of cost. The amendments specific that Topic 718 applies to all share-based payment transactions in which a grantor acquires goods or services to be used or consumed in a grantor’s own operations by issuing share-based payment awards. The amendments also clarify that Topic 718 does not apply to share-based payments used to effectively provide (1) financing to the issuer or (2) awards granted in conjunction with selling goods or services to customers as part of a contract accounted for under Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. These amendments are effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company adopted ASU 2018-07 on January 1, 2019 and there has been no impact on the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements as a result of adoption.
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contract with Customers” (Topic 606) (“ASU2014-09”), which supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in ASC Topic 605, “Revenue Recognition,” and most industry-specific guidance. ASU No. 2014-09 is based on the principal that revenue is recognized to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The ASU also requires additional disclosure about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgements and changes in judgements, and assets recognized from costs incurred to obtain or fulfill a contract. The Company adopted ASU 2014-09 on January 1, 2019. In the period ended December 31, 2018, no revenue was recognized in the Company’s statement of loss and comprehensive loss.
The Company recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods to the customer in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods.
In order to recognize revenue, the Company applies the following five (5) steps:
Identify a customer along with a corresponding contract;
Identify the performance obligation(s) in the contract to transfer goods to a customer;
Determine the transaction price the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for transferring promised goods to a customer;
Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligation(s) in the contract;
Recognize revenue when or as the Company satisfies the performance obligation(s).
Revenue is recognized upon the satisfaction of the performance obligation. The Company satisfies its performance obligation and transfers control upon shipment to the customer.
Note 3 – Inventory
Inventories, consisting entirely of finished goods, reflected on the accompanying balance sheets are summarized as follows:
 
March 31,
2019
December 31,
2018
Treats & Supplements
$351,402
$—
The Company estimated an inventory reserve to be nil as at March 31, 2019.
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Note 4 – Prepaid Expenses and Deposits
Prepaid expenses and deposits comprised the following as at March 31:
 
March 31,
2019
December 31,
2018
Other deposits
$101,755
$34,436
Inventory deposit
369,954
506,250
 
$471,709
$540,686
The inventory deposit constitutes a deposit with one supplier for pet related supplement products. Other deposits include credit card and merchant deposit and prepaid insurance.
Note 5 – Common Stock and Common Share Purchase Warrants
Common Stock
In October 2018, upon the Company’s conversion from an LLC to a Corporation as detailed in Note 1, 73,500 LLC units were converted to 29,400,000 common shares. 2,500 LLC units (1,000,000 common shares) were issued in April 2018 to a third party consultant for services provided, as detailed in Note 6.
The Company is authorized to issue 75,000,000 common stock and 10,000,000 preferred stock, each with a par value of $0.0001.
There were no issued and outstanding preferred shares as of March 31, 2019.
GBX Acquisition
On January 9, 2019, the Company entered into a Share Purchase Agreement (the “Agreement”) to acquire GBX Labs Ltd. (“GBX”), a BVI business company incorporated under the laws of the British Virgin Islands. Pursuant to the Agreement, the Company issued a total of 10,000,000 common shares at estimated value of $0.45 per share in consideration for a 100% ownership interest in GBX. Refer to note 7.
Share Buyback
In January 2019, the Company finalized a share buy-back (“Buy-Back”) whereby it acquired 13,407,200 common shares and 303,600 common share purchase warrants which were part of the October 5, 2018 private placement, as detailed below, from existing shareholders for a total consideration of $626,500. The acquired common shares and warrants have been cancelled by the Company. The Buy-Back constitutes the repurchase of common shares and warrants, the total consideration was allocated first on the fair value of warrants on the Buy-Back date and subsequently to the par value and APIC associated with the cancelled shares. The access of the consideration was charged to a deficit.
As a result of the Buy-Back, the Company reduced the fair value of the warrants by $53,153, equity interest by $198,492, increased deficit by $373,355 and incurred legal fees of $1,500.
In January 2019, the Company completed a private placement offering of shares for aggregate gross proceeds of $1,909,998. A total of 4,444,440 shares were issued, at a price of $0.45 per share. The total shares included 200,000 shares issued to a third party consultant for the services associated with the private placement. In addition, the Company incurred $20,918 legal fees associated with private placement.
Common shares as at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 are detailed in the table below:
 
Number of
Common Shares
Amount,
$
APIC,
$
Opening balance- March 29, 2018
Shares issued during the period
28,400,000
1,060
316,940
Shares issued pursuant to services
6,000,000
600
1,286,400
Units private placement on October 5, 2018
12,287,200
1,229
1,991,575
Balance- December 31, 2018
46,687,200
2,889
3,594,915
GBX Acquisition
10,000,000
1,000
4,499,000
Share Buy-Back
(13,407,200)
(141)
(198,351)
Shares issued during the period
4,444,440
424
1,888,656
Balance – March 31, 2019
47,724,440
4,172
9,784,220
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Units private placement
On October 5, 2018, the Company completed a private placement offering of units for aggregate gross proceeds of $3,071,800 Canadian Dollars (CAD) ($2,326,820). A total of 12,287,200 units were issued. Each unit was sold at a price of CAD $0.25 ($0.19) per unit. Each unit was comprised of one common share and one half of one common share purchase warrant, each whole warrant being exercisable to purchase one common share at an exercise price of CAD $0.75 ($0.57) for a period of 18 months following the date of issuance.
Since the warrants’ exercise price is denominated in a currency other than the Company’s functional currency, the warrants are not considered indexed to the Company’s own stock and thus meet the definition of a financial liability.
The Company estimated a fair value of the warrants as $1,125,861 on December 31, 2018, and $927,926 as remeasured at March 31, 2019. The fair value of $53,153 of repurchased warrants was deducted from the warrants on the Buy-Back date, as detailed above, and the fair value adjustment of $144,782 related to the remaining warrants was recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Loss and Comprehensive Loss.
The fair value of the warrants as at March 31, 2019 and the warrants repurchased in a Buy-Back was estimated using the Black- Scholes valuation model based on the following assumptions:
Share price
$0.45
Stock price volatility
107%
Remaining life of the warrants
1.01- 1.19 years
Risk free rate
2.41%
Inter-relationship between key unobservable inputs and fair value measurement at March 31, 2019:
If the share price was lower (higher) by 10%, the fair value would decrease (increase) by $163,251 ($172,384).
If the volatility was lower (higher) by 10%, the fair value would decrease (increase) by $107,491 ($104,760).
The Company had the following warrants outstanding at March 31, 2019.
Grant date
Warrants
Exercise Price
($)
Expiry
October 5, 2018
5,840,000
0.60
April 4, 2020
Note 6 – Share-Based Payments
During the period ended December 31, 2018, the Company issued 3,300,000 stock purchase options and 6,000,000 common shares to directors, officers and service providers as share based compensation. The value of the shares given was based on recent financing transactions, the fair value of options was estimated using Black-Scholes valuation model based on the assumptions as detailed below.
Common shares:
In April 2018 the Company issued 1,000,000 common shares, which were estimated at $0.125 per share and vested immediately, to a third-party consultant for legal services provided.
In October 2018 the Company issued 1,000,000 common shares, which were estimated at $0.178 per share and vested immediately, to original founders for services provided.
On October 5, 2018, the Board of Directors for the Company authorized the employment agreement for a Chief Executive Officer and awarded 3,000,000 shares of common stock, which were estimated at $0.178 per share and vested immediately, as compensation.
On December 21, 2018, the Board of Directors of the Company authorized and issued 1,000,000 common shares, which were estimated at $0.45 per share and vested immediately, to the Bona Vida management team in consideration of the management team joining the Company.
On October 5, 2018, the Company allocated 300,000 shares of common stock to management which will be issued in equal portions over two years (50% end of year 1 and 50% end of year 2). The shares were estimated at $0.178 per share and the Company recorded stock-based compensation fair value adjustment expense of $9,985 in its consolidated statement of loss and comprehensive loss in the reporting period (Dec 31, 2018 - $9,546) and as shares to be issued in the statement of changes in equity.
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Stock purchase options:
On October 5, 2018, the Company issued 1,700,000 stock purchase options at an exercise price of $1.00 to its management. 1,000,000 stock purchase options vests after a one-year period and 700,000 stock purchase options vests after a two-year period; all 1,700,000 stock purchase options are exercisable for ten years from the grant date.
On October 29, 2018, the Company issued 600,000 stock purchase option at an exercise price of $0.45 to its directors. These options vest after a one-year period and are exercisable for ten years from the grant date.
On November 21, 2018, the Company issued 600,000 stock purchase option at an exercise price of $1.00 to third party consultants. These options vest after a one-year period and are exercisable for ten years from the grant date.
On December 21, 2018, the Company issued 400,000 stock purchase option at an exercise price of $0.45 to its directors. These options vest after a one-year period and are exercisable for ten years from the grant date.
The components of stock purchase options are detailed in the table below.
 
Date of
grant
Vesting
period
(years)
Number
Exercise
price
($)
Share-
based
payment
expense
($)
Share
price
($)
Risk-
free
rate
Volatility
Dividend
yield
Expiry
(years)
Option grant
10/05/18
1
1,000,000
1.00
35,141
0.178
2.32
108%
Nil
10
Option grant
10/05/18
2
700,000
1.00
12,299
0.178
2.32
108%
Nil
10
Option grant
10/29/18
1
600,000
0.45
16,197
0.178
2.32
108%
Nil
10
Option grant
11/21/18
1
600,000
1.00
26,008
0.45
1.86
107%
Nil
10
Option grant
12/21/18
1
400,000
0.45
4,527
0.45
1.86
107%
Nil
10
The Company recorded stock-based compensation of stock purchase options expense of $173,380 in its consolidated statement of loss and comprehensive loss in the reporting period (Dec 31, 2018 – 94,172). As at March 31, 2019, all stock options granted remained outstanding and not exercisable.
Note 7 – GBX Acquisition
On January 9, 2019, the Company entered into a Share Purchase Agreement (the “Agreement”) to acquire GBX, a BVI business company incorporated under the laws of the British Virgin Islands. Pursuant to the Agreement, the Company issued a total of 10,000,000 common shares at estimated value of $0.45 per share in consideration for a 100% ownership interest in GBX.
The Company concluded GBX did not constitute a business and did not fulfill the definition of an asset and recorded an expense of $4,500,000 in its consolidated statement of loss and comprehensive loss in the reporting period.
Note 8 – Subsequent Events
The Company has evaluated subsequent events occurring after the balance sheet date through the date the consolidated financial statements were issued.
On May 6, 2019, BCC Merger Sub, Inc., a Delaware Corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of BCC, merged with and into the Company, with the Company being the surviving corporation (the “Bona Vida Merger”). The merger between BCC Merger Sub, Inc. and the Company was constituted as a reorganization under Code Section 368(a)(2)(E). Pursuant to the Bona Vida Merger, the Company Common Stock held by each Bona Vida Shareholder that are issued and outstanding as of immediately prior to the effective date converted into 468,085,106 shares, or 18,003,273 shares after adjusting for BCC’s 26 for 1 reverse stock split, of BCC Common Stock equal to 46% of the issued and outstanding shares of BCC’s voting stock and any other class of stock, on a fully diluted basis, subject to adjustment to reflect the effect of any BCC stock split, reverse stock split or stock dividend.
On May 14, 2019, the Company purchased Wamor Corporation S.A. in the Republic of Uruguay which it will utilize in the expansion of its operations into Latin America. On a pro-forma basis, since Wamor Corporation S.A. had no revenue and expenses in 2019, had this acquisition been completed on January 1, 2019, the net loss of the Company would not have changed.
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INDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ REPORT
To the Board of Directors Halo, Purely for Pets, Inc.
Report on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying financial statements of Halo, Purely for Pets, Inc. (the “Company”), which comprise the balance sheets as of June 30, 2019 and 2018 and the related statements of operations, changes in stockholder’s equity, and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes to the financial statements.
Management’s Responsibility for the Financial Statements
Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America; this includes the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
Auditors’ Responsibility
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free from material misstatement.
An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditors’ judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the entity’s preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity’s internal control. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements.
We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.
Opinion
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of June 30, 2019 and 2018 and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Tampa, Florida
August 21, 2019
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HALO, PURELY FOR PETS, INC.
BALANCE SHEETS
JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018
 
2019
2018
ASSETS
 
 
CURRENT ASSETS
 
 
Cash
$2,364,436
$1,226,489
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of approximately $100,000 and $141,000 as of June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively
4,152,779
4,440,387
Inventories
3,194,880
7,065,994
Prepaids and other current assets
349,491
487,791
Total current assets
10,061,586
13,220,661
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET OF ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION
372,962
650,660
OTHER ASSETS
 
 
Goodwill
4,730,655
4,730,655
Other
14,650
13,200
Total other assets
4,745,305
4,743,855
 
$15,179,853
$18,615,176
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
 
 
CURRENT LIABILITIES
 
 
Accounts payable
$2,529,480
$3,757,667
Accrued expenses
417,199
618,611
Accrued payroll liabilities
520,125
196,025
Total current liabilities
3,466,804
4,572,303
LONG-TERM LIABILITIES
 
 
Due to related party
60,391
146,898
Loan payable, net of issuance costs
3,829,521
5,247,316
Total long-term liabilities
3,889,912
5,394,214
 
 
 
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
 
 
Preferred Stock; no par value; 110 shares authorized:
 
 
Series A-1; 36.67 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2019
Series A; 73.33 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2019 and 2018
Common Stock; no par value; 10,000 shares authorized;
890 and 100 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively
Additional paid-in capital - Series A-1 Preferred Stock, net of issuance costs
2,403,125
Additional paid-in capital - Series A Preferred Stock
5,000,000
5,000,000
Additional paid-in capital - Common Stock
57,141,157
57,141,157
Accumulated deficit
(56,721,145)
(53,492,498)
Total stockholders' equity
7,823,137
8,648,659
 
$15,179,853
$18,615,176
See notes to the financial statements.
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HALO, PURELY FOR PETS, INC.
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018
 
2019
2018
SALES
$31,106,144
$38,359,679
COST OF SALES
20,532,995
24,322,252
GROSS PROFIT
10,573,149
14,037,427
SELLING, GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES
13,378,974
20,297,838
LOSS ON DISPOSAL OF EQUIPMENT
73,975
25,929
LOSS FROM OPERATIONS
(2,879,800)
(6,286,341)
OTHER (EXPENSE) INCOME
 
 
Interest expense, related party
(2,106,059)
Interest expense, other
(348,997)
(278,406)
Interest income
150
1,167
Total other expense
(348,847)
(2,383,298)
NET LOSS
$(3,228,647)
$(8,669,639)
See notes to the financial statements.
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HALO, PURELY FOR PETS, INC.
STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDER’S EQUITY
FOR THE YEARS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Additional Paid-In Capital
 
 
Common
Stock
Series A-1
Preferred
Stock
Series A
Preferred
Stock
Series A-1
Series A
 
 
 
 
Shares
Amount
Shares
Amount
Shares
Amount
Preferred
Stock
Preferred
Stock
Common
Stock
Accumulated
Deficit
Total
BALANCE, JUNE 30, 2017
100
$
$
$
$
$
$13,511,905
$(44,822,859)
$(31,310,954)
Issuance of preferred stock
 
 
 
 
73.33
 
 
5,000,000
 
 
5,000,000
Conversion of debt to common stock
790
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
43,629,252
 
43,629,252
Net loss
  
 
   
  
   
  
(8,669,639)
(8,669,639)
BALANCE, JUNE 30, 2018
890
  —
73.33
5,000,000
57,141,157
(53,492,498)
8,648,659
Issuance of preferred stock, net of stock issuance costs
 
 
36.67
 
 
 
2,403,125
 
 
 
2,403,125
Net loss
  
 
   
  
   
  
(3,228,647)
(3,228,647)
BALANCE, JUNE 30, 2019
890
$  —
36.67
$  —
73.33
$  —
$2,403,125
$5,000,000
$57,141,157
$(56,721,145)
$7,823,137
See notes to the financial statements.
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HALO, PURELY FOR PETS, INC.
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
2019
2018
Net loss
$(3,228,647)
$(8,669,639)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
391,557
250,351
Loss on disposal of equipment
73,975
25,929
(Increase) decrease in:
 
 
Accounts receivable
287,608
(2,278,355)
Inventories
3,871,114
(4,995,647)
Prepaids and other assets
136,848
(60,070)
Increase (decrease) in:
 
 
Accounts payable
(1,228,365)
1,044,126
Accrued expenses
122,688
1,319,214
Total adjustments
3,655,425
(4,694,452)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
426,778
(13,364,091)
 
 
 
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
 
 
Purchases of property and equipment
(147,654)
(421,886)
Net cash used in investing activities
(147,654)
(421,886)
 
 
 
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
 
 
Due to related party
(86,507)
Proceeds from loan
9,178,065
7,863,165
Loan payments
(10,635,860)
(3,503,349)
Stock issuance costs
(96,875)
(112,500)
Proceeds from issuance of Series A-1 Preferred Stock
2,500,000
5,000,000
Net cash provided by financing activities
858,823
9,247,316
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH
1,137,947
(4,538,661)
CASH AT BEGINNING OF YEAR
1,226,489
5,765,150
CASH AT END OF YEAR
$2,364,436
$1,226,489
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF NON CASH
INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES
The Company paid $348,997 and $278,406 in interest on the revolving line of credit during the years ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
During the year ended June 30, 2018, the Company reclassified accrued interest of $6,174,385 to principal on the note payable to a related party. Additionally, the note payable and accrued interest to the related party in the amount of $43,629,252 were converted to 790 shares of no par common stock in December 2017.
See notes to the financial statements.
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HALO, PURELY FOR PETS, INC.
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018
1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
Halo, Purely for Pets, Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated in the state of Delaware during June 2006. The Company is engaged in the production and distribution of holistic pet food, treats, and supplements derived from natural ingredients to distributors, retailers, and consumers throughout the United States of America, parts of Asia and Canada. The corporate headquarters is located in Tampa, Florida.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Accounting
The financial statements of the Company are prepared under the accrual basis of accounting in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP).
Use of Management Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash
Cash is maintained at major financial institutions and, at times, balances may exceed federally insured limits of $250,000. The Company has never experienced any losses related to these balances. The Company’s deposits in excess of federally insured limits at June 30, 2019 and 2018 approximated $2,592,000 and $1,347,000, respectively.
Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable consist of receivables from the sale of products. The Company records a provision for doubtful accounts to allow for any amounts that may not be recoverable, which is based on an analysis of the Company’s prior collection experience, customer creditworthiness, and current economic trends. The Company also records an allowance against accounts receivable for potential sales returns. Consistent with industry practice, the Company maintains a return policy that allows certain customers to return products for either a credit against future receivables or a refund. The Company’s estimate of the provision for returns is based on current trends of actual customer returns. Management believes that an allowance for doubtful accounts and sales returns of approximately $100,000 and $141,000 is considered adequate at June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The Company determines receivables to be past due based on the payment terms of original invoices. Interest is not typically charged on past due receivables.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, determined by the weighted average cost method (which approximates the first-in, first-out method), or net realizable value. The Company provides an allowance for loss as needed for inventories determined to be excessive or obsolete.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation is calculated over the estimated useful lives of the assets, ranging generally from 2 to 5 years. Maintenance and repairs are charged to operations when incurred. Betterments and renewals are capitalized. When property and equipment are sold or otherwise disposed of, the asset account and related accumulated depreciation account are relieved, and any gain or loss is included in the statements of operations. For income tax purposes, the Company uses accelerated methods of depreciation for certain assets.
Long-Lived Assets
Long-lived assets that are subject to depreciation are reviewed for potential impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that carrying amounts may not be recoverable. During the years ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company determined that its long-lived assets were not impaired.
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Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess purchase price and related costs over the value assigned to net tangible and identifiable intangible assets of an acquired business. Goodwill is not amortized but is reviewed for possible impairments at least annually or more frequently upon the occurrence of an event or when circumstances indicate that goodwill may be impaired. Goodwill impairment is identified by comparing the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying value. If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value, an impairment loss is recorded to the extent that the implied fair value of the goodwill within the reporting unit is less than its carrying value. During the years ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company determined that its goodwill was not impaired.
Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statements carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective income tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the period that included the enactment date. A valuation allowance is recorded when it is more likely than not that some of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
Income Taxes
The Company follows Accounting Standards Codification Topic 740, Income Taxes (“ASC Topic 740”). This standard prescribes a recognition and measurement of tax positions to be taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. Based on management’s evaluation, there are no uncertain tax positions at June 30, 2019 or 2018.
Other Taxes
Amounts collected on behalf of and remitted to governmental authorities for sales taxes and other similar taxes are reported on a net basis.
Revenue
Revenue is recognized when product is shipped and title transfers to the customers, net of sales discounts. In 2019 and 2018, sales to 4 customers approximated 89% and 87% of total sales, respectively. Accounts receivable from these customers amounted to approximately $2,864,000 and $4,450,000 of total accounts receivable as of June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Shipping and Handling Costs
The Company records amounts billed to customers for shipping and handling costs as sales revenue. Costs incurred by the Company for shipping and handling are included in cost of sales.
Purchase Concentrations
Purchases of inventory for 2019 and 2018 from 2 major suppliers approximated 79% and 74% of total inventory purchases, respectively. Accounts payable to these suppliers totaled approximately $1,220,000 and $998,000 at June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Advertising Expenses
Advertising expenses are charged to operations as incurred. Advertising expenses for the years ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 amounted to approximately $5,088,000 and $10,526,000, respectively. These amounts represent primarily customer trade support (retailer advertising and merchandising).
Impact of Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. The ASU will replace most existing revenue
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recognition guidance in U.S. GAAP when it becomes effective. The revenue guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted as of the original effective date. The ASU may be applied retrospectively to historical periods presented or as a cumulative-effect adjustment as of the date of adoption. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of adoption of this ASU on its financial statements.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). Under ASU No. 2016-02, an entity will be required to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on its balance sheet and disclose key information about leasing arrangements. ASU No. 2016-02 offers specific accounting guidance for a lessee, a lessor and sale and leaseback transactions. Lessees and lessors are required to disclose qualitative and quantitative information about leasing arrangements to enable a user of the financial statements to assess the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. ASU No. 2016-02 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within that reporting period, and requires a modified retrospective adoption, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of adoption of this ASU on its financial statements.
Subsequent Events
The Company has evaluated events and transactions for potential recognition or disclosure in the financial statements through August 21, 2019, the date on which the financial statements were available to be issued.
3. INVENTORIES
Inventories consist of:
 
2019
2018
Finished goods
$3,501,829
$6,689,275
Raw materials
285,574
825,220
 
3,787,403
7,514,495
Less inventory reserve
(592,523)
(448,501)
 
$3,194,880
$7,065,994
4. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment consist of:
 
2019
2018
Furniture and fixtures
$94,771
$94,771
Computer equipment
80,666
78,898
Computer software
430,563
430,563
Equipment
380,650
483,980
Assets not in service:
 
 
Computer software
80,123
Equipment
1,768
 
986,650
1,170,102
Less accumulated depreciation
(613,688)
(519,443)
 
$372,962
$650,660
Depreciation expense amounted to approximately $352,000 and $250,000 for the years ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
5. LOAN PAYABLE
On May 5, 2017, the Company entered into a loan and security agreement. The loan and security agreement provided for a revolving line of credit, not to exceed an aggregate principal amount of $5,000,000 limited to qualifying receivables and inventories, as defined, and granted a security interest in and lien upon all of the assets of the
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Company. On October 31, 2017, the Company amended the loan and security agreement to increase the maximum revolving facility amount to $12,000,000. The outstanding principal under the loan and security agreement accrues interest at prime rate plus 2% (7.50%) as of June 30, 2019. The loan and security agreement contains a financial covenant, which requires the Company to maintain minimum liquidity of $500,000. The Company was compliant with its financial covenant as of June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The loan and security agreement is secured by substantially all assets of the Company, is guaranteed by the stockholder, and expires on May 5, 2021. As of June 30, 2019 and 2018, there was approximately $3,903,000 (less issuance costs of approximately $73,000) and $5,361,000 (less issuance costs of approximately $113,000) outstanding on the revolving line of credit, respectively.
6. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
The Company has advances due to a related party totaling approximately $60,000 and $147,000 at June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. These advances are unsecured and non-interest bearing, with no specific repayment terms. The Company has reflected these advances as long-term in the accompanying balance sheets as repayment is not expected until one year after the respective balance sheet dates.
The Company had a related party note payable with a principal member of the Company’s parent with a balance of approximately $37,455,000 at June 30, 2017. Effective July 6, 2017, this note was amended to increase the principal balance to approximately $41,592,000, which represented the principal balance plus accrued interest as of that date and extended the maturity date to July 6, 2018. Interest expense related to this note amounted to $0 and approximately $2,106,000 for the years ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
In December, 2017, the Company converted all of its $41,592,000 convertible subordinated note and accrued interest of $2,106,000 into approximately 790 shares of no-par common stock.
The terms and amounts of the note were not necessarily indicative of those that would have been incurred or agreed to had comparable transactions been entered into with independent parties.
7. RETIREMENT PLAN
The Company participates in a 401(k) plan (the “Plan”), which is available to all eligible employees. Employer contributions to the Plan are fixed and equal 3% of each qualified employee’s eligible compensation. Total employer contributions to the Plan were approximately $72,000 and $69,000 for the years ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
8. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
The Company rents office space under a non-cancelable operating lease. The lease agreement calls for initial monthly payments averaging approximately $4,657, excluding taxes and common area maintenance charges, and expires in 2023.
The following is a schedule by year of the future minimum rental payments required under operating leases that have an initial or remaining non-cancelable lease term in excess of one year:
Year Ending June 30,
 
2020
$62,916
2021
$55,882
2022
$55,882
2023
$32,958
Rent expense was approximately $80,000 and $68,000 for the years ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Certain key employees are eligible to participate in bonus payments in the event of a sale of the Company, or the sale of all or substantially all of its assets, (the “Transaction”) under Transaction Bonus Plans (the “Plans”). The Plans automatically terminate on the earlier of (i) the satisfaction by all parties of any obligations relating to a consummated Transaction, regardless of whether the Transaction results in the payment of any bonus to an eligible key employee, or October 31, 2019.
From time to time, the Company may be involved in various claims or litigation proceedings incidental to the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, the ultimate liability, if any, resulting from any such claims or litigation proceedings would not be material to the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
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9. INCOME TAXES
The provision for income taxes consists of:
 
2019
2018
Deferred
$(799,800)
$3,656,900
Change in valuation allowance
799,800
(3,656,900)
Total provision for income taxes
$
$
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components of the Company's deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:
 
2019
2018
Deferred tax assets (liabilities):
 
 
Net operating loss carryforward
$14,513,986
$13,673,348
Goodwill
(1,003,396)
(925,749)
Property and equipment
(73,366)
(100,655)
Charitable contributions
64,793
114,854
Other
245,419
185,879
 
13,747,437
12,947,677
Less valuation allowance
(13,747,437)
(12,947,677)
Total provision for income taxes
$
$
In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. As of June 30, 2019, and 2018, based upon the levels of historical taxable income and projections of future taxable income over which the deferred tax assets are deductible,
9. INCOME TAXES− CONTINUED
the Company believes that it is more likely than not that it will not be able to realize the benefits of a majority of these deductible differences. Accordingly, a valuation allowance of $13,747,437 and $12,947,677 has been provided in the accompanying financial statements as of June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The 2019 and 2018 net change in the valuation allowance related to deferred tax assets was an increase and a decrease of approximately $799,800 and $3,656,900, respectively, which was primarily related to the changes in the operating loss carryforwards for those years.
At June 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company has federal tax net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $58,928,000 and $55,515,000, respectively. Federal tax loss carryforwards of approximately $46,160,000 will expire beginning in the year 2026 unless utilized earlier.
On December 22, 2017 H.R. 1, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“TCJA”) was enacted, which, except for certain provisions is effective for tax years beginning on or after January 1st, 2018. The TCJA’s primary change affecting the Company in a material way was a reduction in the maximum federal statutory corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% and elimination of the corporate alternative minimum tax. As a result, the 21% rate was used in calculating the deferred tax assets and liabilities as of June 30, 2019 and 2018. The effect on the company’s income tax expense due to the rate reduction from 35% to 21% was $6,850,190 all of which was recognized in the third quarter of the year ending June 30, 2018. An adjustment to the company's valuation allowance was recorded in the third quarter of 2018 wholly offsetting the tax expense related to the effects of the rate change.
10. CUMULATIVE REDEEMABLE PREFERRED STOCK
The Company issued 36.67 shares of Series A-1 and 73.33 shares of Series A redeemable preferred stock with no par value for approximately $2,400,000 (net of issuance costs) and $5,000,000 in November 2018 and December 2017,
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respectively. The cumulative annual dividend rate of $15% per share (based on an original issue price per share equal to $68,184.92) shall be compounded annually and accrued for upon declaration of such dividends. At June 30, 2019 and 2018 no dividends were declared and the Company is under no obligation to pay such dividends.
The Corporation shall not declare, pay, or set aside any dividends on any other shares of capital stock unless the holders of the Series A-1 and Series A Preferred Stock then outstanding first receive payment in full in an amount equal to the stated value plus all accrued and unpaid dividends thereon to the date of redemption. The maximum amount the Company could be required to pay to redeem the shares is $1,373,716 as of June 30, 2019. Under the terms of the Series A and Series A-1 Preferred Stock the Company is not required to set aside funds for meeting preferred stock dividend requirements.
In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation, the holders of shares of Series A-1 Preferred Stock then outstanding shall be entitled to be paid out of the assets available for distribution to its stockholders, prior and in preference to any distribution of any of the assets of this Corporation to the holders of Series A Preferred Stock or Common Stock.
Consistent with those of Common Stock, the holders of Series A-1 Preferred Stock and Series A Preferred Stock are entitled to one vote for each share of Preferred Stock held at all meetings of stockholders.
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HALO, PURELY FOR PETS, INC.
BALANCE SHEETS
As of September 30, 2019 (unaudited) and June 30, 2019
 
As of
September 30,
2019
(Unaudited)
As of
June 30,
2019
CURRENT ASSETS
 
 
Cash
$1,611,147
$2,364,436
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of approximately $100,000 and $100,000 as of September 30, 2019 and June 30, 2019, respectively
4,640,257
4,152,779
Inventories
3,433,099
3,194,880
Prepaids and other current assets
461,008
349,491
Total current assets
10,145,511
10,061,586
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation
314,071
372,962
Goodwill
4,730,655
4,730,655
Other
14,650
14,650
Total assets
$15,204,887
$15,179,853
CURRENT LIABILITIES
 
 
Accounts payable
$1,900,140
$2,529,480
Accrued expenses
691,710
417,199
Accrued payroll liabilities
197,247
520,125
Total current liabilities
2,789,097
3,466,804
LONG-TERM LIABILITIES
 
 
Due to related party
60,391
60,391
Loan payable, net of issuance costs
4,043,255
3,829,521
Total liabilities
6,892,743
7,356,716
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
 
 
Preferred Stock; no par value; 110 shares authorized:
 
 
Series A-1; 36.67 shares issued and outstanding
Series A; 73.33 shares issued and outstanding Common stock; no par value; 10,000 shares authorized; 890 issued and outstanding
Additional paid-in capital - Series A-1 Preferred Stock, net of issuance costs
2,403,125
2,403,125
Additional paid-in capital - Series A Preferred Stock
5,000,000
5,000,000
Additional paid-in capital - Common Stock
57,141,157
57,141,157
Accumulated deficit
(56,232,138)
(56,721,145)
Total stockholders' equity
8,312,144
7,823,137
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
$15,204,887
$15,179,853
See notes to the financial statements
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HALO, PURELY FOR PETS, INC.
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2019 AND 2018
(Unaudited)
 
For the three months ended
September 30,
 
2019
2018
SALES
$8,442,822
$7,607,605
COST OF SALES
5,128,392
4,686,922
GROSS PROFIT
3,314,430
2,920,683
SELLING, GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES
2,751,162
3,594,401
LOSS ON DISPOSAL OF EQUIPMENT
10,290
INCOME (LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS
563,268
(684,008)
OTHER (EXPENSE) INCOME
 
 
Interest expense, other
(74,299)
(101,554)
Interest income
38
38
Total other expense
(74,261)
(101,516)
NET INCOME (LOSS)
$489,007
$(785,524)
See notes to the financial statements
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HALO, PURELY FOR PETS, INC.
STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDER’S EQUITY
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2019 AND 2018
(Unaudited)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Additional Paid-In Capital
 
 
 
Common
Stock
Series A-1
Preferred
Stock
Series A
Preferred
Stock
Series A-1
Preferred
Stock
Series A
Preferred
Stock
Common
Stock
Accumulated
Deficit
Total
 
Shares
Amount
Shares
Amount
Shares
Amount
Balance, June 30, 2017
100
$—
$—
$—
$
$
$13,511,905
$(44,822,859)
$(31,310,954)
Issuance of preferred stock
73.33
5,000,000
5,000,000
Conversion of debt to common stock
790
43,629,252
43,629,252
Net Loss
(8,669,639)
(8,669,639)
Balance, June 30, 2018
890
73.33
$5,000,000
$57,141,157
$(53,492,498)
$8,648,659
Net Loss (Unaudited)
$(785,524)
$(785,524)
Balance, September 30, 2018 (Unaudited)
890
73.33
$5,000,000
$57,141,157
$(54,278,022)
7,863,135
Issuance of preferred stock,
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
net of stock issuance costs
36.67
2,403,125
2,403,125
Net Loss
(2,443,123)
(2,443,123)
Balance, June 30, 2019
890
36.67
73.33
$2,403,125
$5,000,000
$57,141,157
$(56,721,145)
$7,823,137
Net Income (Unaudited)
489,007
489,007
Balance, September 30, 2019 (Unaudited)
890
36.67
73.33
$2,403,125
$5,000,000
$57,141,157
$(56,232,138)
$8,312,144
See notes to the financial statements
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HALO, PURELY FOR PETS, INC.
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2019 AND 2018
Unaudited
 
September 30,
2019
September 30,
2018
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
 
 
Net Income (loss)
$489,007
$(785,524)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash (used) provided by operating activities:
 
 
Depreciation & Amortization
61,386
84,266
Loss on disposal of equipment
10,290
(Increase) decrease in:
 
 
Accounts receivable
(487,478)
(107,096)
Inventories
(238,220)
771,641
Prepaids and other assets
(101,517)
(31,364)
Increase (decrease) in:
 
 
Accounts payable
(629,342)
(679,703)
Accrued expenses
(48,366)
(146,588)
Total adjustments
(1,443,537)
(98,554)
Net cash provided (used) by operating activities
(954,530)
(884,078)
 
 
 
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
 
 
Purchases of property and equipment
(2,495)
(37,947)
Net cash used by investing activities
(2,495)
(37,947)
 
 
 
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
 
 
Proceeds from loan
384,958
Loan payments
203,736
Net cash provided by financing activities
203,736
384,958
 
 
 
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH
(753,289)
(537,067)
CASH AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD
2,364,436
1,226,489
CASH AT END OF PERIOD
$1,611,147
$689,422
See notes to the financial statements
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HALO, PURELY FOR PETS, INC.
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
Halo, Purely for Pets, Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated in the state of Delaware during June 2006. The Company is engaged in the production and distribution of holistic pet food, treats, and supplements derived from natural ingredients to distributors, retailers, and consumers throughout the United States of America, parts of Asia and Canada. The corporate headquarters is located in Tampa, Florida.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Accounting
The financial statements of the Company are prepared under the accrual basis of accounting in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP).
Use of Management Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash
Cash is maintained at major financial institutions and, at times, balances may exceed federally insured limits of $250,000. The Company has never experienced any losses related to these balances. The Company’s deposits in excess of federally insured limits at September 30, 2019 and June 30, 2019 approximated $1,518,000 and $2,592,000, respectively.
Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable consist of receivables from the sale of products. The Company records a provision for doubtful accounts to allow for any amounts that may not be recoverable, which is based on an analysis of the Company’s prior collection experience, customer creditworthiness, and current economic trends. The Company also records an allowance against accounts receivable for potential sales returns. Consistent with industry practice, the Company maintains a return policy that allows certain customers to return products for either a credit against future receivables or a refund. The Company’s estimate of the provision for returns is based on current trends of actual customer returns. Management believes that an allowance for doubtful accounts and sales returns of approximately $100,000 is considered adequate at both September 30, 2019 and June 30, 2019. The Company determines receivables to be past due based on the payment terms of original invoices. Interest is not typically charged on past due receivables.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, determined by the weighted average cost method (which approximates the first-in, first-out method), or net realizable value. The Company provides an allowance for loss as needed for inventories determined to be excessive or obsolete.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation is calculated over the estimated useful lives of the assets, ranging generally from 2 to 5 years. Maintenance and repairs are charged to operations when incurred. Betterments and renewals are capitalized. When property and equipment are sold or otherwise disposed of, the asset account and related accumulated depreciation account are relieved, and any gain or loss is included in the statements of operations. For income tax purposes, the Company uses accelerated methods of depreciation for certain assets.
Long-Lived Assets
Long-lived assets that are subject to depreciation are reviewed for potential impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that carrying amounts may not be recoverable. During the quarter ended September 30, 2019 and year ended June 30, 2019, the Company determined that its long-lived assets were not impaired.
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Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess purchase price and related costs over the value assigned to net tangible and identifiable intangible assets of an acquired business. Goodwill is not amortized but is reviewed for possible impairments at least annually or more frequently upon the occurrence of an event or when circumstances indicate that goodwill may be impaired. Goodwill impairment is identified by comparing the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying value. If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value, an impairment loss is recorded to the extent that the implied fair value of the goodwill within the reporting unit is less than its carrying value. During the year ended June 30, 2019, the Company determined that its goodwill was not impaired.
Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statements carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective income tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the period that included the enactment date. A valuation allowance is recorded when it is more likely than not that some of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
Income Taxes
The Company follows Accounting Standards Codification Topic 740, Income Taxes (“ASC Topic 740”). This standard prescribes a recognition and measurement of tax positions to be taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. Based on management’s evaluation, there are no uncertain tax positions at September 30, 2019 or June 30, 2019.
Other Taxes
Amounts collected on behalf of and remitted to governmental authorities for sales taxes and other similar taxes are reported on a net basis.
Revenue
Revenue is recognized when product is shipped and title transfers to the customers, net of sales discounts. For the three months ended September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018, sales to four customers approximated 89% and 82% of total sales, respectively. Accounts receivable from these customers amounted to approximately $3,332,000 and $2,864,000 of total accounts receivable as of September 30, 2019 and June 30, 2019, respectively.
Shipping and Handling Costs
The Company records amounts billed to customers for shipping and handling costs as sales revenue. Costs incurred by the Company for shipping and handling are included in cost of sales.
Purchase Concentrations
Purchases of inventory for the quarter ended September 30, 2019 and year ended June 30, 2019 from two major suppliers approximated 74% and 79% of total inventory purchases, respectively. Accounts payable to these suppliers totaled approximately $1,182,000 and $1,220,000 at September 30, 2019 and June 30, 2019, respectively.
Advertising Expenses
Advertising expenses are charged to operations as incurred. Advertising expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018 amounted to approximately $1,216,000 and $1,051,000, respectively. These amounts represent primarily customer trade support (retailer advertising and merchandising).
Impact of Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. The ASU will replace most existing revenue
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recognition guidance in U.S. GAAP when it becomes effective. The revenue guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted as of the original effective date. The ASU may be applied retrospectively to historical periods presented or as a cumulative-effect adjustment as of the date of adoption. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of adoption of this ASU on its financial statements.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). Under ASU No. 2016-02, an entity will be required to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on its balance sheet and disclose key information about leasing arrangements. ASU No. 2016-02 offers specific accounting guidance for a lessee, a lessor and sale and leaseback transactions. Lessees and lessors are required to disclose qualitative and quantitative information about leasing arrangements to enable a user of the financial statements to assess the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. ASU No. 2016-02 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within that reporting period, and requires a modified retrospective adoption, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact of adoption of this ASU on its financial statements.
Subsequent Events
The Company has evaluated events and transactions for potential recognition or disclosure in the financial statements through February 18, 2020, the date on which the financial statements were available to be issued. Refer to Note 10 – Subsequent Events for additional information.
3. INVENTORIES
Inventories consist of:
 
(Unaudited)
 
September 30,
2019
June 30,
2019
Finished goods
$3,555,653
$3,501,829
Raw materials
434,304
285,574
 
3,989,957
3,787,403
Less inventory reserve
(556,858)
(592,523)
 
$3,433,099
$3,194,880
4. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment consist of:
 
(Unaudited)
 
September 30,
2019
June 30,
2019
Furniture and fixtures
$78,195
$94,771
Computer equipment
80,666
80,666
Computer software
430,563
430,563
Equipment
397,226
380,650
Assets not in service:
 
 
Equipment
2,495
 
989,145
986,650
Less accumulated depreciation
(675,074)
(613,688)
 
$314,071
$372,962
Depreciation expense amounted to approximately $84,000 and $61,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
5. LOAN PAYABLE
On May 5, 2017, the Company entered into a loan and security agreement. The loan and security agreement provided for a revolving line of credit, not to exceed an aggregate principal amount of $5,000,000 limited to qualifying
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receivables and inventories (as defined therein). On October 31, 2017, the Company amended the loan and security agreement to increase the maximum revolving facility amount to $12,000,000. The outstanding principal under the loan and security agreement accrues interest at prime rate plus 2% (7.00%) as of September 30, 2019. The loan and security agreement contains a financial covenant, which requires the Company to maintain minimum liquidity of $500,000. The Company was compliant with its financial covenant as of September 30, 2019 and June 30, 2019. The loan and security agreement is secured by substantially all assets of the Company, is guaranteed by the stockholder, and expires on May 5, 2021. As of September 30, 2019 and June 30, 2019, there was approximately $4,107,000 (less issuance costs of approximately $63,000), and approximately $3,903,000 (less issuance costs of approximately $73,000) of indebtedness outstanding, respectively.
6. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
The Company has advances due to a related party totaling approximately $60,000 at September 30, 2019 and June 30, 2019, respectively. These advances are unsecured and non-interest bearing, with no specific repayment terms. The Company has reflected these advances as long-term in the accompanying balance sheets as repayment is not expected until one year after the respective balance sheet dates.
7. RETIREMENT PLAN
The Company participates in a 401(k) plan (the “Plan”), which is available to all eligible employees. Employer contributions to the Plan are fixed and equal 3% of each qualified employee’s eligible compensation. Total employer contributions to the Plan were $14,000 and approximately $72,000 for the three month period ended September 30, 2019 and year ended June 30, 2019, respectively.
8. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
The Company rents office space under a non-cancelable operating lease. The lease agreement calls for initial monthly payments averaging approximately $4,657, excluding taxes and common area maintenance charges, and expires in 2023.
Rent expense was approximately $23,000 and $17,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2019, and 2018, respectively.
Certain key employees are eligible to participate in bonus payments in the event of a sale of the Company, or the sale of all or substantially all of its assets, (the “Transaction”) under Transaction Bonus Plans (the “Plans”). The Plans automatically terminate on the earlier of (i) the satisfaction by all parties of any obligations relating to a consummated Transaction, regardless of whether the Transaction results in the payment of any bonus to an eligible key employee, or October 31, 2019.
From time to time, the Company may be involved in various claims or litigation proceedings incidental to the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, the ultimate liability, if any, resulting from any such claims or litigation proceedings would not be material to the Company’s financial position or results of operations.
9. CUMULATIVE REDEEMABLE PREFERRED STOCK
The Company issued 36.67 shares of Series A-1 redeemable preferred stock and 73.33 shares of Series A redeemable preferred stock with no par value for approximately $2,400,000 (net of issuance costs) and $5,000,000 in November 2018 and December 2017, respectively. The cumulative annual dividend rate of 15% (based on an original issue price per share equal to $68,184.92) is compounded annually and accrued for upon declaration of such dividends. At September 30, 2019 and June 30, 2019 no dividends were declared and the Company is under no obligation to pay such dividends.
The Company shall not declare, pay, or set aside any dividends on any other shares of capital stock unless the holders of the Series A-1 redeemable preferred stock and Series A redeemable preferred stock then outstanding first receive payment in full in an amount equal to the stated value plus all accrued and unpaid dividends thereon to the date of redemption. The maximum amount the Company could be required to pay to redeem the shares is $2,217,466 and $1,373,716 as of September 30, 2019 and June 30, 2019, respectively. Under the terms of the Series A redeemable preferred stock and Series A-1 redeemable preferred stock the Company is not required to set aside funds for meeting preferred stock dividend requirements.
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In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, the holders of shares of Series A-1 redeemable preferred stock then outstanding shall be entitled to be paid out of the assets available for distribution to its stockholders, prior and in preference to any distribution of any of the assets of the Company to the holders of Series A redeemable preferred stock or common stock.
Consistent with those of the common stock, the holders of Series A-1 redeemable preferred stock and Series A redeemable preferred stock are entitled to one vote for each share of preferred stock held at all meetings of stockholders.
10. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On October 15, 2019, the Company (Thriving Paws, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Thriving Paws”), HH-Halo LP, a Delaware limited partnership (“HH-Halo” and, together with Thriving Paws, the “Sellers”) with HH-Halo, in the capacity of the representative of the Sellers) entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (“the Agreement”) with Better Choice Company Inc. (BTTR), a Delaware corporation (the “Buyer”). Pursuant to the terms and subject to the conditions of the Agreement, the Company agreed to sell one hundred percent (100%) of the issued and outstanding capital stock of Halo to the Buyer.
On December 18, 2019, Halo and the Sellers entered into an Amended and Restated Stock Purchase Agreement pursuant to which, among other things, a portion of the consideration for the Acquisition was paid to Werner von Pein, the chief executive officer of Halo.
Under the terms of the Amended Agreement, the Company completed the Acquisition on December 19, 2019, for approximately $39.4 million pending final valuation of non-cash components issued to the Sellers. The consideration was subject to customary adjustments for Halo’s net working capital, cash, and indebtedness, and consisted of a combination of (i) cash consideration, (ii) a total of 2,134,390 shares of the Better Choice Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, and (iii) the value of the Seller Warrants. BTTR also (i) entered into a Subscription Agreement with the Sellers relating to the issuance of the common stock Consideration, (ii) issued convertible subordinated seller notes (“Seller Notes”), and (iii) issued Seller Warrants on December 19, 2019.
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Up to 87,462,673 Shares
Common Stock
PROSPECTUS
    , 2020
Better Choice Company Inc.
Through and including     , 2020 (the 25th day after the date of this prospectus), all dealers effecting transactions in these securities, whether or not participating in the listing, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to a dealer’s obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as an underwriter and with respect to an unsold allotment or subscription.

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PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
ITEM 13.
OTHER EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION.
The following table indicates the expenses to be incurred in connection with the offering described in this registration statement all of which will be paid by us. All of the amounts are estimated except for the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) registration fee, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”) filing fee and the exchange listing fee.
Item
Amount
SEC registration fee
$9,255.91
Exchange listing fee
$N/A
Legal fees and expenses
$75,000
Accounting fees and expenses
$75,000
Printing expenses
$30,000
Transfer agent and registrar fees
$10,000
Blue sky fees and expenses
$N/A
FINRA filing fees
$N/A
Miscellaneous
$25,000
Total
$224,255.91
ITEM 14.
INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
Article 10 of the registrant’s certificate of incorporation (the “Certificate of Incorporation”) limits the liability of the registrant’s directors for monetary damages for breach of their fiduciary duty as directors, except to the extent such exemption or limitation thereof is not permitted under the Delaware General Corporation Law (the “DGCL”) and applicable law. Delaware law provides that such a provision may not limit the liability of directors:
for any breach of their duty of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders;
for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law;
for unlawful payment of dividend or unlawful stock repurchase or redemption, as provided under Section 174 of the DGCL; or
for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit.
The limitation of liability does not apply to liabilities arising under the federal or state securities laws and does not affect the availability of equitable remedies, such as injunctive relief or rescission.
Article 11 of the Certificate of Incorporation states that the registrant shall indemnify, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any person who is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any action, suit or proceeding authorized by the registrant’s board of directors by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director or executive officer of the registrant or is or was serving at the request of the registrant. Article 11 of the Certificate of Incorporation also requires the registrant to pay any expenses incurred by any director or executive officer in defending against any such action, suit or proceeding in advance of the final disposition of such matter to the fullest extent permitted by law, subject to the receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such person to repay all amounts so advanced if it shall ultimately be determined that such person is not entitled to be indemnified as authorized by the Certificate of Incorporation or otherwise.
Article 11 of the Certificate of Incorporation permits the registrant to purchase and maintain director or officer liability insurance.
The registrant has entered into indemnification agreements with its directors and officers. Subject to certain limited exceptions, under these agreements, the registrant will be obligated, to the fullest extent not prohibited by the DGCL, to indemnify such directors and officers against all expenses, judgments, fines and penalties incurred in connection
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with the defense or settlement of any actions brought against them by reason of the fact that they were directors or officers of the registrant. The registrant also maintains liability insurance for its directors and officers in order to limit its exposure to liability for indemnification of such persons.
ITEM 15.
RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES
Since January 1, 2016, the registrant made the following issuances of its unregistered securities as described below. All share amounts have been retroactively adjusted to give effect to the reverse stock split of 26-for-1 of the registrant’s common stock effected on March 15, 2019.
(1)
On May 11, 2016, the registrant issued 200,000 shares of common stock, valued at $360,000 as commitment shares to convertible note holders of the registrant. These shares were issued at fair value based on the market price at issuance of $1.80 per share.
(2)
On May 11, 2016, the registrant issued senior secured convertible promissory notes to an investor in the principal amount of $440,000 with an original issue discount of 3.5% (the “3.5% OID Convertible Notes”).
(3)
On December 28, 2016, the registrant issued an investor of the registrant 35,000 shares of common stock as partial consideration for entering into a forbearance agreement with respect to debt held by such investor.
(4)
In January 2017 and February 2017, the registrant entered into restructuring agreements with holders of its 3.5% OID Convertible Notes. Pursuant to these agreements, the registrant agreed to issue new notes (the “January and February 2017 Convertible Notes”) for the amounts due under the 3.5% OID Convertible Notes; penalties, fees, and accrued interest in the aggregate amount of $212,702 would be added to the principal amount due under the January and February 2017 Convertible Notes; 35,000 shares of common stock were issued as a commitment fee.
(5)
On May 2, 2017, the registrant issued 208,333 shares of common stock, for the conversion of $15,000 of principal and $10,000 of accrued interest of convertible notes payable.
(6)
On June 2, 2017, the registrant issued 208,333 shares of common stock as consideration for the conversion of $25,000 of principal of convertible notes.
(7)
On November 17, 2017, the registrant issued a senior secured convertible note to an investor in the principal amount of $250,000 with an original issue discount of 3.5% and received gross proceeds of $241,250.
(8)
On January 29, 2018, the registrant issued 998,540 shares of common stock in exchange for the conversion of $28,148 of principal and $1,808 of accrued interest of convertible notes payable.
(9)
On February 15, 2018, the registrant issued (i) senior secured convertible promissory notes to an investor in the amount of $250,000 with an original issue discount of 3.5% and (ii) 500,000 five-year warrants to purchase the registrant’s common stock, exercisable at $0.01 per share, and received gross proceeds of $241,250.
(10)
On March 14, 2018, a subsidiary of the registrant issued (i) a 10% original issue discount senior secured convertible note in the principal amount of $5,500,000 and (ii) 25,000,000 five-year warrants to purchase the registrant’s common stock, exercisable at $0.01 per share, and received $5,000,000 of bitcoin valued as of such date.
(11)
On March 19, 2018, the registrant issued (i) a senior secured convertible note to an investor in the principal amount of $777,202 with an original issue discount of 3.5% and (ii) 1,554,405 five-year warrants to purchase the registrant’s common stock, exercisable at $0.01 per share, and received gross proceeds of $750,000.
(12)
On October 22, 2018, the registrant issued 2,846,356 shares of Series E Convertible Preferred Stock to existing holders of the registrant’s securities in exchange for the cancellation of all outstanding secured promissory notes, 803,969.73 shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock and 12,054,405 of the registrant’s outstanding warrants. The shares of Series E Convertible Preferred Stock were issued and sold in reliance upon the exemption from registration contained in Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act.
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(13)
On December 12, 2018, the registrant issued 1,425,641 units to new investors, with each unit consisting of (i) one share of our common stock and (ii) a warrant to purchase one half of a share of common stock. The units were offered at a fixed price of $1.95 per unit for gross proceeds of approximately $2.7 million.
(14)
On December 21, 2018, the registrant issued certain directors and employees stock options to purchase 38,462 shares of the registrant’s common stock. The stock options have an exercise price of $6.76 per share.
(15)
In connection with the acquisition of Bona Vida, Inc., on May 6, 2019, the registrant issued an aggregate of 18,003,273 shares of common stock to new investors and certain of our directors and executive officers in exchange for all outstanding shares of common stock of Bona Vida, Inc.
(16)
In connection with the acquisition of TruPet LLC, on May 6, 2019, the registrant issued an aggregate of 15,027,533 shares of common stock to new investors and certain of our directors and executive officers in exchange for all remaining outstanding membership interests of TruPet LLC.
(17)
On May 6, 2019, the registrant issued an aggregate of 5,744,991 shares of common stock and 5,744,991 warrants at an offering price of $3.00 per share to new investors and certain of our directors. The warrants have an exercise price of $4.25 per share.
(18)
On May 6, 2019, the registrant issued certain directors and employees stock options to purchase 5,520,000 shares of the registrant’s common stock. The stock options have an exercise price of $5.00 per share.
(19)
On August 28, 2019, the registrant issued an aggregate of 1,000,000 shares of common stock at a price per share of $5.00 to an affiliate of iHeartMedia + Entertainment, Inc. (“iHeart”) as consideration for iHeart’s provision of advertising inventory with an aggregate value of $5.0 million.
(20)
On September 17, 2019, the registrant issued Bruce Linton (i) 2,500,000 share purchase warrants, with each warrant entitling Mr. Linton to acquire one share of common stock at a price of $0.10 per share and (ii) an additional 1,500,000 share purchase warrants entitling Mr. Linton to acquire one share of common stock at a price of $10.00 per share as consideration for Mr. Linton’s services as a special advisor to our Chief Executive Officer, other senior executives and our board of directors.
(21)
On November 11, 2019, the registrant issued subordinated convertible notes and warrants to one of our directors and an investor in an aggregate principal amount of $2,750,000.
(22)
On December 19, 2019, the registrant issued a total of 2,134,390 shares of common stock, 937,500 warrants and an aggregate amount of $15,000,000 of convertible subordinated notes as consideration to the former stockholders of Halo as part of the Halo Acquisition.
(23)
On December 19, 2019, the registrant issued a total of 6,500,000 warrants to certain of our directors as consideration for the shareholder guaranty in connection with the Halo Acquisition.
(25)
On January 2, 2020, the registrant issued 308,642 shares of common stock to an investor for net proceeds of $0.5 million, net of issuance costs of less than $0.1 million.
(26)
On January 13, 2020 and January 20, 2020, respectively, the registrant issued 72,720 shares of common stock and 61,224 common stock warrants to a third party in connection with a contract termination.
(27)
On March 3, 2020, the registrant issued 450,000 shares of restricted common stock to three nonemployee directors in return for services provided in their capacity as directors.
(28)
On March 5, 2020, the registrant issued 125,000 shares of common stock to an affiliate of iHeartMedia Entertainment, Inc. (“iHeart”) for future advertising to be incurred through August 2021 .
(29)
On March 17, 2020, the registrant issued an additional 1,003,232 warrants to holders of warrants acquired on May 6, 2019 due to dilutive impact of subsequent issuances.
(30)
On March 30, 2020, the registrant issued 5,956 restricted shares of common stock to an officer of the Company.
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(31)
On June 24, 2020, the registrant issued an aggregate principal amount of $1.5 million subordinated convertible promissory notes and 1,000,000 warrants to one of our directors and one of our shareholders. The subordinated convertible promissory notes are convertible at a conversion price of $0.75 per share and the warrants have an exercise price of $1.25 per share.
(32)
On June 24, 2020, the registrant issued 1,000,000 warrants to two of our directors. The warrants have an exercise price of $1.25 per share.
(33)
On July 20, 2020, the registrant issued a total of 300,000 common stock purchase warrants to certain of our directors as consideration for the shareholder guaranty in connection with the Citizens ABL Agreement. The warrants are exercisable at a price equal to $1.05 per share.
(34)
On July 20, 2020, the registrant issued a total of 200,000 common stock purchase warrants to certain of our directors. The warrants are exercisable at a price equal to $1.05 per share.
(35)
On October 1, 2020, October 12, 2020 and October 23, 2020, the registrant issued (i) 17,763.550 shares, 1,106.015 shares and 2,832 shares, respectively, of Series F Preferred Stock and (ii) 35,527,100 warrants, 2,212,030 warrants, 5,664,000 warrants, respectively, to acquire shares of registrant’s common stock. The Series F Preferred Stock and related warrants were issued as units, with each (i) share of Series F Preferred Stock having a Stated Value of $1,000 and is convertible into shares of registrant’s common stock at a price of $.50 per share and (ii) related warrant being exercisable to acquire such number of shares of common stock as the related share of Series F Preferred Stock is convertible into with an exercise price of $.75 per share of common stock.
(36)
On October 23, 2020, the registrant issued (i) a total of 100 shares of Series F Preferred Stock and (ii) 200,000 warrants to acquire shares of registrant’s common stock, each in connection with a marketing agreement. The Series F Preferred Stock and related warrants were issued as units, with each (i) share of Series F Preferred Stock having a Stated Value of $1,000 and is convertible into shares of registrant’s common stock at a price of $.50 per share and (ii) related warrant being exercisable to acquire such number of shares of common stock as the related share of Series F Preferred Stock is convertible into with an exercise price of $.75 per share of common stock.
Unless otherwise stated above, the issuances of the above securities were deemed to be exempt from registration under the Securities Act in reliance upon Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act, or Regulation D promulgated thereunder, or Rule 701 promulgated under Section 3(b) of the Securities Act as transactions by an issuer not involving any public offering or pursuant to benefit plans and contracts relating to compensation as provided under Rule 701. The recipients of the securities in each of these transactions represented their intentions to acquire the securities for investment only and not with a view to or for sale in connection with any distribution thereof and appropriate legends were placed upon the stock certificates issued in these transactions.
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ITEM 16.
EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a) Exhibits
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit
Exhibit Description
Form
File No.
Exhibit
Filing
date
Filed /
Furnished
Herewith
2.1
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated February 28, 2019, by and among the Company, BBC Merger Sub, Inc. and Bona Vida, Inc.
8-K
333-161943
2.1
05/10/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2.2
First Amendment to Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated February 28, 2019, by and among the Company, BBC Merger Sub, Inc., and Bona Vida, Inc., dated May 3, 2019
8-K
333-161943
2.2
05/10/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2.3
Securities Exchange Agreement, dated February 2, 2019, by and among the Company, TruPet LLC and the members of TruPet LLC
8-K
333-161943
2.3
05/10/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2.4
First Amendment to Securities Exchange Agreement, dated February 2, 2019, by and among the Company, TruPet LLC and the members of TruPet LLC, dated May 6, 2019
8-K
333-161943
2.4
05/10/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amended and Restated Stock Purchase Agreement, dated December 18, 2019, by and among the Company, Halo, Purely For Pets, Inc., Thriving Paws, LLC and HH-Halo LP
8-K
333-161943
2.1
12/26/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3.1
Certificate of Incorporation, dated January 1, 2019
10-Q
333-161943
3.1
04/15/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3.2
Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation, dated February 1, 2019
10-Q
333-161943
3.2
04/15/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3.3
Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation, dated March 13, 2019
8-K
333-161943
3.1
03/20/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3.4
Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation, dated April 18, 2019
10-KT
333-161943
3.5
07/25/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Exhibit
Exhibit Description
Form
File No.
Exhibit
Filing
date
Filed /
Furnished
Herewith
3.5
Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation, dated July 30, 2020
8-K
333-161943
99.1
07/30/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3.6
Certificate of Merger of Sport Endurance, Inc. with and into the Company
10-Q
333-161943
3.4
04/15/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3.7
Bylaws
10-Q
333-161943
3.5
04/15/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3.8
Amended and Restated Certificate of Designation for Series E Convertible Preferred Stock
8-K
333-161943
3.1
05/23/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3.9
Certificate of Designation for Series F Convertible Preferred Stock
8-K
333-161943
3.1
10/02/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4.1
Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant in connection with the May 2019 private placement
8-K
333-161943
4.1
04/30/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4.2
Form of Tranche 1 Common Stock Purchase Warrant, dated September 17, 2019, by and between the Registrant and Bruce Linton
8-K
333-161943
4.1
09/23/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4.3
Form of Tranche 2 Common Stock Purchase Warrant, dated September 17, 2019, by and between the Company and Bruce Linton
8-K
333-161943
4.2
09/23/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4.4
Form of Additional Common Stock Purchase Warrant, dated September 17, 2019, by and between the Company and Bruce Linton
8-K
333-161943
4.3
09/23/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4.5
Form of Subordinated Convertible Promissory Note in connection with the November 2019 private placement
8-K
333-161943
4.1
11/15/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4.6
Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant in connection with the November 2019 private placement
8-K
333-161943
4.2
11/15/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Exhibit
Exhibit Description
Form
File No.
Exhibit
Filing
date
Filed /
Furnished
Herewith
4.7
Form of Subordinated Convertible Promissory Note, dated December 19, 2019, by and among the Company and the Halo Sellers listed on the signature pages thereto
10-Q
333-161943
4.7
01/31/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4.8
Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant, dated December 19, 2019, by and among the Company and the Halo Sellers
10-Q
333-161943
4.8
01/31/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4.9
Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant, dated December 19, 2019, by and among the Company and the Shareholder Personal Guarantors
10-Q
333-161943
4.10
01/31/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant Agreement in connection with the December 2018 private placement
8-K
333-161943
4.1
12/13/2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant in connection with the June 2020 private placement.
10-Q
333-161943
4.11
06/25/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Form of Subordinated Convertible Promissory Note in connection with the June 2020 private placement.
10-Q
333-161943
4.12
06/25/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Form of Subscription Agreement in connection with the June 2020 private placement.
10-Q
333-161943
4.13
06/25/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Form of Registration Rights Agreement by and among the Company and the persons listed on the signature pages thereto in connection with the June 2020 private placement.
10-Q
333-161943
4.14
06/25/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Form of Amendment to November 2019 Notes, Seller Notes and ABG Notes
10-Q
333-161943
4.15
08/14/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Form of July 2020 Common Stock Purchase Warrants
8-K
333-161943
10.5
07/21/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Exhibit
Exhibit Description
Form
File No.
Exhibit
Filing
date
Filed /
Furnished
Herewith
Form of Warrant in connection with the October 2020 Series F Private Placement
8-K
333-161943
4.1
10/02/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5.1
Opinion of Meister Seelig & Fein, LLP
 
 
 
 
*
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loan Agreement dated May 6, 2019, between the Company and Franklin Synergy Bank
8-K
333-161943
10.1
05/10/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Security Agreement dated May 6, 2019, between the Company and Franklin Synergy Bank
8-K
333-161943
10.2
05/10/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Guaranty Agreement, dated April 8, 2019, by TruPet LLC in favor of Franklin Synergy Bank
S-1
333-234349
10.17
10/28/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Form of Revolving Line of Credit Promissory Note dated 2019
8-K
333-161943
10.3
05/10/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Guaranty Agreement, dated April 8, 2019, by Bona Vida, Inc. in favor of Franklin Synergy Bank
S-1
333-234349
10.16
10/28/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loan Facilities Credit Letter Agreement, dated December 19, 2019, by and among the Better Choice Company Inc., Halo, Purely for Pets, Inc., Bona Vida Inc., TruPet LLC and Bridging Finance Inc., as agent.
10-Q
333-161943
10.1
01/31/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pledge and Security Agreement, dated December 19, 2019, by and among the Company, Halo, Purely or Pets, Inc., Bona Vida, Inc., TruPet LLC and Bridging Finance Inc., as Administrative Agent
10-Q
333-161943
10.2
01/31/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Continuing Guaranty of Halo, Purely for Pets, Inc., Bona Vida Inc., TruPet LLC, dated December 19, 2019
10-Q
333-161943
10.3
01/31/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Form of Subscription Agreement, dated December 19, 2019, by and among the Company and the Halo Sellers
10-Q
333-161943
10.6
01/31/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Exhibit
Exhibit Description
Form
File No.
Exhibit
Filing
date
Filed /
Furnished
Herewith
Continuing Personal Guaranty of John Word, Lori Taylor and Michael Young, dated December 19, 2019
10-Q
333-161943
10.4
01/31/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Registration Rights Agreement, dated May 6, 2019, by and among the Company and the persons listed on the signature pages thereto in connection with the May 2019 private placement
S-1
333-234349
10.2
10/28/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
First Amendment, dated June 10, 2019, to Registration Rights Agreement, dated May 6, 2019, by and among the Company and the stockholders party thereto
S-1
333-234349
10.3
10/28/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Form of Subscription Agreement dated April 25, 2019 in connection with the May 2019 private placement
8-K
333-161943
10.1
04/30/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of May 6, 2019, by and among Better Choice Company Inc. and the former stockholders of Bona Vida listed on the signature pages thereto
8-K
333-161943
4.1
05/10/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of May 6, 2019, by and among Better Choice Company Inc. and the former member of TruPet listed on the signature pages thereto
8-K
333-161943
4.2
05/10/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Form of Registration Rights Agreement by and among the Company and the persons listed on the signature pages thereto in connection with the November 2019 private placement
8-K
333-161943
4.3
11/15/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Form of Subscription Agreement in connection with the November 2019 private placement
8-K
333-161943
10.1
11/15/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Exhibit
Exhibit Description
Form
File No.
Exhibit
Filing
date
Filed /
Furnished
Herewith
Business Loan Agreement, dated as of July 16, 2020, by and among the Company, Halo, TruPet, Bona Vida (the “Credit Parties”), and Citizens Bank
8-K
333-161943
10.1
07/21/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Promissory Note, dated as of July 16, 2020, issued by the Credit Parties in favor of Citizens Bank
8-K
333-161943
10.2
07/21/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial Security Agreement, dated as of July 16, 2020, by and among the Credit Parties and Citizens Bank
8-K
333-161943
10.3
07/21/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial Guaranty, dated as of July 16, 2020, by and between Citizens Bank and John M. Word, III
8-K
333-161943
10.4
07/21/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Better Choice Company Inc. Amended and Restated 2019 Incentive Award Plan
10-K
333-161943
10.19
05/04/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Form of 2019 Incentive Aware Plan Stock Option Agreement
S-1
333-234349
10.7
10/28/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Form of Indemnification Agreement by and among the Company and its officers and directors
S-1
333-234349
10.8
10/28/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent Contractor Agreement, dated September 17, 2019, by and between the Company and Bruce Linton
8-K
333-161943
10.1
09/23/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Employment Agreement, dated February 1, 2019, for David Lelong
8-K
333-161943
10.1
02/07/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Employment Agreement, dated as of May 6, 2019, by and between the Company and Damian Dalla-Longa
10-Q
333-161943
10.6
10/09/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Resignation Letter from Damian Dalla-Longa, dated February 5, 2020
8-K
333-161943
10.3
02/11/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Exhibit
Exhibit Description
Form
File No.
Exhibit
Filing
date
Filed /
Furnished
Herewith
Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated February 10, 2020, by and between Damian Dalla-Longa and the Company
8-K
333-161943
10.4
02/11/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Employment Agreement, dated as of May 6, 2019, by and between the Company and Lori Taylor
10-Q
333-161943
10.7
10/09/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Separation Agreement, dated as of September 13, 2019, by and between the Company and Lori Taylor
10-K
333-161943
10.28
05/04/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Employment Agreement, dated May 6, 2019, by and among the Company and Anthony Santarsiero
S-1
333-234349
10.11
10/28/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Employment Agreement, dated June 29, 2019, by and among the Company and Andreas Schulmeyer
S-1
333-234349
10.12
10/28/2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Employment Agreement, dated December 19, 2019, by and between the Company, Werner von Pein, and Halo
8-K
333-161943
10.1
02/11/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated February 10, 2020, by and between Werner von Pein and the Company
8-K
333-161943
10.2
02/11/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Form of Securities Purchase Agreement in connection with the October 2020 Series F Private Placement
8-K
333-161943
10.1
10/02/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Form of Registration Rights Agreement in connection with the October 2020 Series F Private Placement
8-K
333-161943
10.2
10/02/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exchange Agreement by and between the Company and Cavalry Fund LP dated September 30, 2020
8-K
333-161943
10.3
10/02/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Exhibit
Exhibit Description
Form
File No.
Exhibit
Filing
date
Filed /
Furnished
Herewith
Limited Consent and Second Amendment to Loan Facilities Letter Agreement by and among the Company, Halo, Purely for Pets, Inc., a Delaware corporation, TruPet LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, Bona Vida, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and the lenders party thereto
8-K
333-161943
10.4
10/02/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Form of First Amendment to Registration Rights Agreement in connection with the October 2020 Series F Private Placement
10-Q
333-161943
10.40
11/16/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Subsidiaries of the Company
10-K
333-161943
21.1
5/4/2020
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, relating to the Financial Statements of the Company
 
 
 
 
*
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consent of MNP LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, relating to the Financial Statements of Bona Vida, Inc. and TruPet LLC
 
 
 
 
*
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consent of Warren Averett, LLC, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, relating to the Financial Statements of Halo, Purely for Pets, Inc.
 
 
 
 
*
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consent of Meister Seelig & Fein LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1)
 
 
 
 
*
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Power of Attorney
S-1
333-234349
(included on the signature page)
 
*
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.INS
iXBRL Instance Document
 
 
 
 
*
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.SCH
iXBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
 
 
 
 
*
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.CAL
iXBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Document
 
 
 
 
*
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Exhibit
Exhibit Description
Form
File No.
Exhibit
Filing
date
Filed /
Furnished
Herewith
101.DEF
iXBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
 
 
 
 
*
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.LAB
iXBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document
 
 
 
 
*
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.PRE
iXBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Link Document
 
 
 
 
*
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
104
Cover Page Interactive Data File (the cover page XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document)
 
 
 
 
*

Indicates a management contract or any compensatory plan, contract or arrangement.
#
Certain schedules and similar attachments to this agreement have been omitted in accordance with Item 601(b)(5) of Regulation S-K. The Company will furnish copies of any schedules or similar attachments to the SEC upon request.
***
Certain information in this document has been excluded pursuant to Regulation S-K, Item 601(b)(10). Such excluded information is not material and would likely cause competitive harm to the registrant if publicly disclosed.
(b) Financial Statement Schedules
All schedules for which provision is made in the applicable accounting regulations of the SEC are omitted because they are not required, are not applicable or the information is included in the financial statements or notes thereto.
ITEM 17.
UNDERTAKINGS
(a)
The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:
(1)
To file, during any period in which offers or issuances are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:
(i)
To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act;
(ii)
To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement; and
(iii)
To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement.
(2)
That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
(3)
To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering; and
(4)
That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser, each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after
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effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use.
(b)
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of Better Choice Company Inc. pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, Better Choice Company Inc. has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by Better Choice Company Inc. of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of Better Choice Company Inc. in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, Better Choice Company Inc. will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
(c)
The undersigned hereby further undertakes that:
(1)
For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by Better Choice Company Inc. pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.
(2)
For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
(3)
For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each filing of Better Choice Company Inc.’s annual report pursuant to section 13(a) or section 15(d) of the Exchange Act (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan’s annual report pursuant to section 15(d) of the Exchange Act) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized in Oldsmar, State of Florida, on December 9, 2020.
 
BETTER CHOICE COMPANY INC.
 
 
 
 
By:
/s/ Werner von Pein
 
 
Werner von Pein
 
 
Chief Executive Officer
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Sharla A. Cook his/her true and lawful attorney-in-fact, with full power of substitution and resubstitution for him/her and in his/her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities to sign any and all amendments including pre- and post-effective amendments to this registration statement, any subsequent registration statement for the same offering which may be filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and pre- or post-effective amendments thereto, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney-in-fact or his/her substitute, each acting alone, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue thereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature
Title
Date
 
 
 
/s/ Werner von Pein
Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
December 9, 2020
Werner von Pein
 
 
 
 
/s/ Sharla Cook
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
December 9, 2020
Sharla Cook
 
 
 
 
/s/ Michael Close
Director
December 9, 2020
Michael Close
 
 
 
 
/s/ Damian Dalla-Longa
Director
December 9, 2020
Damian Dalla-Longa
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Jeff D. Davis
Director
December 9, 2020
Jeff D. Davis
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Clinton Gee
Director
December 9, 2020
Clinton Gee
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Lori Taylor
Director
December 9, 2020
Lori Taylor
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ John M. Word III
Director
December 9, 2020
John M. Word III
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Michael Young
Director
December 9, 2020
Michael Young
 
 
II-15

Exhibit 5.1


December 9, 2020

The Board of Directors
Better Choice Company Inc.
164 Douglas Road E
Oldsmar, FL 34677

Re:          Registration Statement on Form S-1

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We have assisted in the preparation of a Registration Statement on Form S-1 (the “Registration Statement”) to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), relating to the registration for resale under the Securities Act by certain selling stockholders named in the Registration Statement (the “Selling Stockholders”) of an aggregate of 87,462,673 shares of common stock, $0.001 par value per share (the “Common Stock”), of Better Choice Company Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), consisting of:

(i)          25,641 shares of Common Stock that have been issued by the Company (such shares, the “Issued Shares”);

(ii)          43,603,130 shares of Common Stock that are issuable upon the conversion of outstanding Series F convertible preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Series F Preferred Stock”) issued by the Company (such shares of Common Stock, the “Conversion Shares”); and

(iii)          43,833,902 shares of Common Stock that are issuable upon exercise of outstanding warrants (the “Warrants”) issued by the Company (such shares of Common Stock, the “Warrant Shares”).

In that connection, we have reviewed originals or copies identified to our satisfaction of the following documents (collectively, the “Documents”):


(a)
The Registration Statement and related prospectus;

(b)          The certificate of incorporation of the Company, as amended (the “Certificate of Incorporation”), the certificate of designations, powers, preferences and other rights of preferred stock and qualifications limitations and restrictions thereof of Series F Preferred Stock of the Company (the “Certificate of Designations” and together with the Certificate of Incorporation, the “Charter”) and the bylaws of the Company as presently in effect, both as certified by an officer of the Company as of a recent date; and



The Board of Directors
December 9, 2020
Page 2 of 3

(c)          Resolutions adopted by the Company’s board of directors relating to the adoption of the Certificate of Designations and the issuance of the Series F Preferred Stock, the Conversion Shares, the Warrants and the Warrant Shares.

The opinions set forth herein are subject to the following qualifications, which are in addition to any other qualifications contained herein:

A.          We have assumed without verification the genuineness of all signatures on all documents, the authority of the parties (other than the Company) executing such documents, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, and the conformity to original documents of all documents submitted to us as copies.

B.          The opinions set forth herein are based on existing laws, ordinances, rules, regulations, court and administrative decisions as they presently have been interpreted and our opinions do not apply to any change in, and the effect thereof on, any of the foregoing occurring after the date hereof.

C.          We have assumed without verification that, with respect to the minutes of any meetings of the stockholders of the Company or of the Board of Directors or any committees thereof of the Company that we have examined, due notice of the meetings was given or duly waived, the minutes accurately and completely reflect all actions taken at the meetings and a quorum was present and acting throughout the meetings.

D.          We have assumed without verification the accuracy and completeness of the information contained in (i) the Registration Statement (including but not limited to statements therein as to the number of shares of common stock issued and outstanding), as well as all of the other Documents and (ii) all corporate records made available to us by the Company.

E.          We express no opinion herein as to the laws of any state or jurisdiction other than the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware and the federal laws of the United States of America. As to matters governed by the laws specified in the foregoing sentence, we have relied exclusively on the latest standard compilations of such statutes and laws as reproduced in commonly accepted unofficial publications available to us. The opinions herein are as of the date hereof and are based on current law and facts and circumstances.  We have no obligation, and expressly decline any undertaking, to revise or supplement this opinion or otherwise advise you should applicable law or the existing facts and circumstances change.

Meister Seelig & Fein LLP

The Board of Directors
December 9, 2020
Page 3 of 3

Based on the foregoing, upon the assumptions that there will be no changes in the documents we have examined and the other matters referred to above, we are of the opinion that:


1)
the Issued Shares to be sold by the Selling Stockholders pursuant to the Registration Statement have been duly authorized and are validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable;


2)
The Conversion Shares to be sold by the Selling Stockholders pursuant to the Registration Statement have been duly authorized and, when issued in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Series F Preferred Stock as set forth in the Charter, will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable; and


3)
the Warrant Shares to be sold by the Selling Stockholders pursuant to the Registration Statement have been duly authorized and, when issued in accordance with the terms and conditions of the respective Warrants (including the due payment of any exercise price therefor specified in the respective Warrants), will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.

It is understood that this opinion is to be used only in connection with the offer and sale of the Issued Shares, the Conversion Shares and the Warrant Shares while the Registration Statement is in effect.

Please note that we are opining only as to the matters expressly set forth herein, and no opinion should be inferred as to any other matters.

We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion with the Commission in connection with the Registration Statement in accordance with the requirements of Item 601(b)(5) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act. In giving such consent, we do not hereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act or the rules and regulations of the Commission.

Very truly yours,

/s/ Meister Seelig & Fein LLP

Meister Seelig & Fein LLP

Meister Seelig & Fein LLP


Exhibit 23.1

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

We consent to the reference to our firm under the caption “Experts” and to the use of our report dated May 1, 2020, in the Registration Statement (Form S-1) and related Prospectus of Better Choice Company Inc. for the registration of 87,462,673 shares of its common stock.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Louisville, KY
December 9, 2020


Exhibit 23.2


December 9, 2020

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We hereby consent to the incorporation in this Registration Statement on Form S-1, dated December 9, 2020, of our report dated April 9, 2019 relating to Bona Vida, Inc’s financial statements for the period from the date of incorporation, March 29, 2018 to December 31, 2018.

Signed:

/s/ MNP LLP

Chartered Professional Accountants
Licensed Public Accountants
Toronto, Ontario



 



December 9, 2020

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
 
We hereby consent to the incorporation in this Registration Statement on Form S-1, dated December 9, 2020, of our report dated April 26, 2019 relating to Trupet LLC’s financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.

Signed:

/s/ MNP LLP

Chartered Professional Accountants
Licensed Public Accountants
Toronto, Ontario



 



Exhibit 23.3


 


CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We consent to the inclusion in the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Better Choice Company, Inc. dated December 09, 2020, of our report, dated August 21, 2019, on the financial statements of Halo, Purely for Pets, Inc.

We also consent to the reference of our firm under the caption “Experts” in the Registration Statement.

/S/ Warren Averett, LLC

Tampa, Florida
December 9, 2020