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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 27, 2021.
Registration No. 333-  
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM F-4
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
N/A
(Translation of Registrant’s name into English)
The Netherlands
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation or organization)
7389
(Primary Standard Industrial
Classification Code Number)
[Not Applicable]
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)
Sophie Versteege
Company Secretary
Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V.
Oosterdoksstraat 80
1011 DK Amsterdam
The Netherlands
+31 (0)20 210 7000
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of Registrant’s principal executive offices)
Puglisi & Associates
850 Library Avenue, Suite 204
Newark, Delaware 19711
Tel: +1 302-738-6680
(Name, address, including zip code and telephone number including area code, of agent for service)
Copies to:
Alyssa K. Caples, Esq.
G.J. Ligelis Jr., Esq.
Cravath, Swaine & Moore LLP
Worldwide Plaza
825 Eighth Avenue
New York, New York 10019
(212) 474-1000
Margo Drucker, Esq.
Grubhub Inc.
111 W. Washington Street
Suite 2100
Chicago, Illinois 60602
(877) 585-7878
Daniel Wolf, Esq.
Laura Sullivan, Esq.
Kirkland & Ellis LLP
601 Lexington Avenue
New York, New York 10022
(212) 446-4800
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale of the securities to the public: As promptly as practicable after the date this Registration Statement becomes effective and upon the satisfaction or waiver of all other conditions to completion of the transactions described herein.
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.
If applicable, place an X in the box to designate the appropriate rule provision relied upon in conducting this transaction:
Exchange Act Rule 13e-4(i) (Cross-Border Issuer Tender Offer)
Exchange Act Rule 14d-1(d) (Cross-Border Third-Party Tender Offer)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933.
Emerging growth company
If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards† provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act.
† The term “new or revised financial accounting standard” refers to any update issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board to its Accounting Standards Codification after April 5, 2012.
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
Title of each class of securities to be registered
Amount to be
registered
Proposed maximum
offering price per
share
Proposed maximum
aggregate offering
price
Amount of
registration fee
Just Eat Takeaway.com ordinary shares, nominal value €0.04 per share(1)(2)
66,969,305(3)
Not applicable
$7,088,166,937(4)
$773,319(5)
(1)
Pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), this Registration Statement also covers an indeterminate number of additional ordinary shares, nominal value €0.04 per share (“New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares”), of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. (“Just Eat Takeaway.com”) as may be issuable as a result of stock splits, stock dividends or similar transactions.
(2)
The New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares will initially be represented by American depositary shares, each of which represents 0.20 ordinary shares of the Registrant and may be represented by American depositary receipts (“New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs”). The New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs have been or will be registered under a separate registration statement on Form F-6.
(3)
Represents the maximum number of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares estimated to be issued in connection with the mergers described in the enclosed proxy statement/prospectus.
(4)
Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee required by Section 6(b) of the Securities Act and computed pursuant to Rule 457(c) and 457(f)(1) of the Securities Act. The market value of shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“Grubhub Shares”), of Grubhub Inc. (“Grubhub”) (the securities to be canceled in connection with the mergers) was calculated as the product of (a) Grubhub Shares (being the maximum possible number of Grubhub Shares that may be canceled and exchanged in the mergers, including the total number of Grubhub Shares issuable under outstanding Grubhub equity awards) and (b) $71.02, the average of the high and low prices per share of Grubhub Shares, as quoted on the New York Stock Exchange on 22 April 2021.
(5)
Calculated at a rate equal to $109.10 per $1,000,000 multiplied by the proposed maximum aggregate offering price.
The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act or until this Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

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The information in this proxy statement/prospectus is subject to completion and amendment. The registration statement relating to the securities described in this proxy statement/prospectus has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. These securities may not be sold nor may offers to buy be accepted prior to the time the registration statement becomes effective. This proxy statement/prospectus shall not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy nor shall there be any sale of these securities in any jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to registration under the securities laws of any such jurisdiction.
PRELIMINARY—SUBJECT TO COMPLETION—DATED       2021

      2021
TRANSACTION PROPOSED—YOUR VOTE IS VERY IMPORTANT
Dear Grubhub Stockholders:
As previously announced, Grubhub Inc. (“Grubhub”) entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger with Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. (“Just Eat Takeaway.com”), Checkers Merger Sub I, Inc. and Checkers Merger Sub II, Inc. on 10 June 2020 (as amended on 4 September 2020) (the “Merger Agreement”), whereby Just Eat Takeaway.com will acquire Grubhub in an all-share combination in accordance with the Merger Agreement (the “Transaction”).
If the Transaction is completed, holders of shares of Grubhub common stock (“Grubhub Shares” and, the holders of such Grubhub Shares, “Grubhub Stockholders”) immediately prior to the Transaction will receive, for each Grubhub Share held, newly issued American depositary shares of Just Eat Takeaway.com (“New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs”) representing 0.6710 shares of the share capital of Just Eat Takeaway.com (“Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares”) (the “merger consideration”). Each New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS will represent one-fifth of one Just Eat Takeaway.com Share. Based on the estimated number of Grubhub Shares and Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares (excluding treasury shares) that will be outstanding immediately prior to the completion of the Transaction (“Completion”), it is expected that, immediately after Completion, Grubhub Stockholders will own approximately 30% of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s outstanding share capital.
The value of the merger consideration will fluctuate with the market value of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares until the Transaction is completed. Based on the closing price of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share on Euronext Amsterdam of €98.60 and the Euro-Dollar exchange rate of 1.13585, in each case, on 9 June 2020, the last trading day of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares before the public announcement of the Merger Agreement, the merger consideration represented approximately $75.15 in implied value per Grubhub Share, which represented a premium of approximately 30% over the closing price of a Grubhub Share on 9 June 2020. Based on the closing price of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share on Euronext Amsterdam of €92.08 and the Euro-Dollar exchange rate of 1.2036, in each case, on 20 April 2021, the last practicable trading day before the date of the accompanying proxy statement/prospectus, the implied value of the merger consideration is $74.37. The Grubhub Shares are currently listed on the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) under the trading symbol “GRUB,” the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares are currently listed on Euronext Amsterdam under the trading symbol “TKWY” and on the London Stock Exchange under the trading symbol “JET” and, at or prior to Completion, the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs will be listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market (“Nasdaq”) for trading under the symbol “GRUB.”
The Transaction will be accomplished through a series of transactions, subject to the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement, which are described in more detail in the accompanying proxy statement/prospectus.
Grubhub will hold a special meeting of its stockholders (the “Grubhub Stockholder Meeting”) to vote on a proposal to adopt the Merger Agreement and approve related matters as described in the accompanying proxy statement/prospectus. Due to health and safety concerns resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting will be held exclusively in a virtual format on       2021 at       a.m. (Central Time). You are entitled to attend and participate in the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting only if you were a Grubhub Stockholder of record as of the close of business on       2021, the record date for the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting (the “Grubhub record date”), or hold a valid proxy of such a Grubhub Stockholder for the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting. To be admitted to the stockholders’ portion of the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting at www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/GRUB2021SM, you must enter the 16-digit control number found on your proxy card or voting instruction form. Please note that you will not be able to attend the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting in person.
At the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, Grubhub Stockholders will be asked to consider and vote on:

a proposal to adopt the Merger Agreement,

a proposal to approve, by a non-binding, advisory vote, certain compensation that may be paid or become payable to named executive officers of Grubhub in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, and

a proposal to adjourn the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting from time to time, if necessary or appropriate, to solicit additional proxies in the event there are not sufficient votes at the time of the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting to adopt the Merger Agreement.
The Grubhub board of directors has approved the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, including the Transaction, and recommends that Grubhub Stockholders vote “FOR” each proposal.
YOUR VOTE IS VERY IMPORTANT REGARDLESS OF THE NUMBER OF GRUBHUB SHARES THAT YOU OWN. Whether or not you expect to attend the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, we urge you to submit a proxy to have your Grubhub Shares voted as promptly as possible by either: (1) logging onto the website shown on your enclosed proxy card and following the instructions to vote online; (2) dialing the toll-free number shown on your enclosed proxy card and following the instructions to vote by phone; or (3) signing, dating and returning the enclosed proxy card in the postage-paid envelope provided, so that your Grubhub Shares may be represented and voted at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting. If your Grubhub Shares are held in a Grubhub plan or in the name of a broker, bank, trustee or other nominee, please follow the instructions on the enclosed voting instruction form furnished by the plan trustee or administrator, or such broker, bank, trustee or other nominee.
The accompanying proxy statement/prospectus provides important information regarding the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting and a detailed description of the Merger Agreement, the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, including the Transaction, and the matters to be presented at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting. A copy of the Merger Agreement is attached as Annexes A-1, A-2 and A-3 to the accompanying proxy statement/prospectus, and is incorporated by reference therein. We urge you to read the accompanying proxy statement/prospectus, including all documents incorporated by reference into the accompanying proxy statement/prospectus, and its annexes carefully and in their entirety. Please pay particular attention to “Risk Factors” beginning on page 34 of the accompanying proxy statement/prospectus.
We hope you join the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting and look forward to the successful completion of the Transaction.
Sincerely,

Matthew Maloney
Founder and Chief Executive Officer
Grubhub Inc.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission, nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of the Transaction or the securities to be issued in connection with the Transaction, passed upon the merits or fairness of the Transaction or determined that the accompanying proxy statement/prospectus is accurate or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The accompanying proxy statement/prospectus is dated       2021, and is first being mailed to Grubhub Stockholders on or about       2021.

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Grubhub Inc.
111 W. Washington Street, Suite 2100
Chicago, Illinois 60602

NOTICE OF SPECIAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
TO BE HELD ON       2021
      2021
To the Stockholders of Grubhub Inc.:
A special meeting of Grubhub Inc. Stockholders (the “Grubhub Stockholder Meeting”), will be held at   a.m. (Central Time), on       2021, exclusively via the Internet at www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/GRUB2021SM. The Grubhub Stockholder Meeting is being held to consider and vote on the following proposals:

to adopt the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of 10 June 2020, as amended by the First Amendment to the Agreement and Plan and Merger, dated as of 4 September 2020, as further amended by the Second Amendment to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of 12 March 2021, and as it may be further amended from time to time (the “Merger Agreement”), by and among Grubhub Inc. (“Grubhub”), Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., Checkers Merger Sub I, Inc. and Checkers Merger Sub II, Inc., a copy of which is attached as Annexes A-1, A-2 and A-3 to the proxy statement/prospectus accompanying this notice (such proposal, the “Merger Agreement proposal”, and the all-share combination of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. with Grubhub in accordance with the Merger Agreement, the “Transaction”);

to approve, by a non-binding, advisory vote, certain compensation that may be paid or become payable to named executive officers of Grubhub in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement (such proposal, the “non-binding compensation proposal”); and

to adjourn the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting from time to time, if necessary or appropriate, to solicit additional proxies in the event there are not sufficient votes at the time of the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting to approve the Merger Agreement proposal (such proposal, the “adjournment proposal”).
Grubhub will transact no other business at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, except for such business as may properly be brought before the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof. Please refer to the accompanying proxy statement/prospectus for further information with respect to the business to be transacted at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting.
The Grubhub board of directors (the “Grubhub Board”) has fixed the close of business on       2021 as the record date for the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting (the “Grubhub record date”). Only holders of shares of Grubhub common stock (“Grubhub Shares” and, the holders of such Grubhub Shares, “Grubhub Stockholders”) as of the Grubhub record date are entitled to notice of, and to vote at, the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting and any adjournment or postponement thereof. Any Grubhub Stockholder entitled to attend and vote at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting is entitled to appoint a proxy to attend and vote on such Grubhub Stockholder’s behalf. Such proxy need not be a Grubhub Stockholder.
Your vote is very important regardless of the number of Grubhub Shares that you own. The transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, including the Transaction, cannot be completed without the approval of the Merger Agreement proposal by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding Grubhub Shares entitled to vote thereon as of the Grubhub record date. To ensure you are represented at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, please submit your proxy by telephone or through the Internet following the instructions on the enclosed proxy card or complete, sign, date and return the enclosed proxy card by mail in the postage-paid envelope provided. Please vote promptly whether or not you expect to attend the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting. Submitting a proxy now will not prevent you from being able to vote during the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting.

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The Grubhub Board has approved the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, and recommends that you vote “FOR” the Merger Agreement proposal, “FOR” the non-binding compensation proposal and “FOR” the adjournment proposal.
By Order of the Grubhub Board of Directors,

Margo Drucker
Chief Legal Officer and Secretary

Chicago, IL
      2021
PLEASE VOTE YOUR GRUBHUB SHARES PROMPTLY. YOU CAN FIND INSTRUCTIONS FOR VOTING ON THE ENCLOSED PROXY CARD. IF YOU HAVE QUESTIONS ABOUT THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED BY THE MERGER AGREEMENT, THE MERGER AGREEMENT PROPOSAL, THE NON-BINDING COMPENSATION PROPOSAL, THE ADJOURNMENT PROPOSAL, OR VOTING YOUR GRUBHUB SHARES, PLEASE CONTACT:

Innisfree M&A Incorporated
501 Madison Avenue, 20th Floor
New York, New York 10022
Stockholders May Call Toll-Free: (877) 717-3936
Banks & Brokers May Call Collect: (212) 750-5833

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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
The accompanying proxy statement/prospectus incorporates important business and financial information about Grubhub from documents that are not included in or delivered with the accompanying proxy statement/prospectus. This information is available to you without charge upon your written or oral request. You can obtain documents incorporated by reference into the accompanying proxy statement/prospectus (other than certain exhibits or schedules to these documents) by requesting them in writing, or by telephone, from Grubhub at the following address and telephone number:
Grubhub Inc.
111 W. Washington Street, Suite 2100
Chicago, Illinois 60602
(877) 585-7878
Attn: Secretary
In addition, if you have any questions concerning the Transaction, the Merger Agreement, the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting or the accompanying proxy statement/prospectus, or if you would like additional copies of the accompanying proxy statement/prospectus (at no charge) or need help submitting a proxy to have your Grubhub Shares voted, please contact Innisfree M&A Incorporated, Grubhub’s proxy solicitor. Grubhub Stockholders may call toll-free at (877) 717-3936; banks and brokers may call collect at (212) 750-5833. You will not be charged for any of these documents.
If you would like to request documents, please do so no later than five business days before the date of the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting (which is       2021) to receive them before the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting.
See “Where You Can Find More Information” beginning on page 320 of the accompanying proxy statement/prospectus for further information.
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ABOUT THIS PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS
This proxy statement/prospectus, which forms part of the registration statement on Form F-4 filed by Just Eat Takeaway.com with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, constitutes a prospectus of Just Eat Takeaway.com under Section 5 of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, with respect to the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares (which will be represented by the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs) to be issued to Grubhub Stockholders as the merger consideration. This proxy statement/prospectus also constitutes a proxy statement for Grubhub under Section 14(a) of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. In addition, it constitutes a notice of meeting with respect to the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting.
You should rely only on the information contained in or incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus. No one has been authorized to provide you with information that is different from that contained in, or incorporated by reference into, this proxy statement/prospectus. This proxy statement/prospectus is dated       2021. You should not assume that the information contained in this proxy statement/prospectus is accurate as of any date other than that date. You should not assume that the information incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus is accurate as of any date other than the date of such information. The mailing of this proxy statement/prospectus to Grubhub Stockholders shall not create any implication to the contrary.
This proxy statement/prospectus shall not constitute an offer to sell, or the solicitation of an offer to buy, any securities, or the solicitation of a proxy, in any jurisdiction to or from any person to whom it is unlawful to make any such offer or solicitation. Information contained in this proxy statement/prospectus regarding Just Eat Takeaway.com has been provided by Just Eat Takeaway.com and information contained in this proxy statement/prospectus regarding Grubhub has been provided by Grubhub.
A prospectus will be approved by the Dutch Authority for the Financial Markets (Stichting Autoriteit Financiële Markten, the “AFM”), as competent authority under the EU Prospectus Regulation (as defined herein) and, separately, by the Financial Conduct Authority of the United Kingdom (the “FCA”), as competent authority under the UK Prospectus Regulation (as defined herein ) (the “European Prospectus”). The European Prospectus will be issued solely in connection with the admission to listing and trading of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares on Euronext Amsterdam (the “NL Admission”) and the admission to listing on the UK Official List and to trading on the London Stock Exchange’s main market for listed securities of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares (the “UK Admission”). The European Prospectus does not constitute or form part of an offer or invitation to sell or issue, or any solicitation of an offer to purchase or subscribe for, any securities by any person. No New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares nor any other securities in Just Eat Takeaway.com have been marketed to, nor are available for purchase, in whole or in part, by the public in the part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands located in Europe (“the Netherlands”) or the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (“United Kingdom” or “UK”) or elsewhere in connection with the UK Admission or the NL Admission, save for the holders of all issued and outstanding Grubhub Shares.
Just Eat Takeaway.com is required to obtain the approval of the General Meeting (as defined herein) for the Transaction pursuant to Dutch law and Rule 10 of the Listing Rules. On 25 August 2020, Just Eat Takeaway.com published an FCA-approved shareholder circular (the “Circular”). The Circular contained material information in connection with the Transaction and the resolutions set out in the notice of Extraordinary General Meeting of Just Eat Takeaway.com (the “Resolutions”). On 7 October 2020, Just Eat Takeaway.com held the Extraordinary General Meeting (as defined herein) and obtained the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder Approval (as defined herein).
The web address of Just Eat Takeaway.com has been included as an inactive textual reference only. The European Prospectus, Circular and Just Eat Takeaway.com website are not incorporated by reference into, and do not form a part of, this proxy statement/prospectus.
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Unless otherwise indicated or as the context otherwise requires, as used in this proxy statement/prospectus:
“Acquired German Businesses” refer to the German business of Delivery Hero acquired on 1 April 2019, consisting of Delivery Hero Germany GmbH and Foodora GmbH, which operated the Lieferheld, Pizza.de and Foodora brands in Germany;
“Active Markets” refer to the United Kingdom, Germany, Canada, the Netherlands, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Denmark, France, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Spain and Switzerland;
“ADRs” refer to American depositary receipts that evidence American depositary shares;
“ADS ratio” refers to 0.20;
“AFM” refers to the Dutch Authority for the Financial Markets (Stichting Autoriteit Financiële Markten);
“Articles” refer to the articles of association of Just Eat Takeaway.com;
“BofA Securities” refers to Bank of America Merrill Lynch International DAC, Amsterdam Branch, a subsidiary of Bank of America Corporation, acting as one of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s financial advisors;
“Business Day” shall mean a day except a Saturday, a Sunday or other day on which the SEC or banks in any of the City of New York, United States, London, United Kingdom or Amsterdam, the Netherlands are authorized or required by law to be closed;
“BW” refers to the Dutch Civil Code (Burgerlijk Wetboek);
“CFIUS” refers to the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States;
“CGU” refers to a cash-generating unit;
“CIDOR” refers to the Canada Three Month Interbank Rate;
“Circular” refers to the FCA-approved shareholder circular published by Just Eat Takeaway.com on 25 August 2020;
“CMA” refers to the UK Competition and Markets Authority;
“Code” refers to the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended;
“CODM” refers to a chief operating decision maker;
“Completion” refers to the completion of the Transaction pursuant to the Merger Agreement;
“Conditions” refer to the conditions to Completion as set out in the Merger Agreement;
“Convertible Bonds” refer, collectively, to the Convertible Bonds 2019, the Convertible Bonds 2020 and the Convertible Bonds 2021;
“Convertible Bonds 2019” refer to the €250 million aggregate principal amount of 2.25% convertible bonds due 2024 issued by Just Eat Takeaway.com on 25 January 2019;
“Convertible Bonds 2020” refer to the €300 million aggregate principal amount of 1.25% convertible bonds due 2026 issued by Just Eat Takeaway.com on 30 April 2020;
“Convertible Bonds 2021” refer to the €1,100 million aggregate principal amount of convertible bonds, consisting of two tranches with an aggregate principal amount of €600 million of zero coupon convertible bonds due 2025 (the “Tranche A Convertible Bonds 2021”) and an aggregate principal amount of €500 million of 0.625% convertible bonds due 2028 (the “Tranche B Convertible Bonds 2021”), issued by Just Eat Takeaway.com on 9 February 2021;
“core-based statistical areas” refer to the U.S. geographic areas designated as such by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget, in each case consisting of the county or counties or equivalent entities associated with at least one core (urbanized area or urban cluster) of at least 10,000 population, plus adjacent counties having a high degree of social and economic integration with the core as measured through commuting ties with the counties associated with the core;
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“counterparty financial projections” refer to the financial projections regarding Just Eat Takeaway.com’s potential future performance developed by Grubhub management based on publicly available equity analyst forecasts, subject to certain adjustments based on Grubhub management’s assumptions and due diligence review, in connection with the Transaction;
“CREST” refers to the system of paperless settlement of trades in securities and the holding of uncertificated securities operated by Euroclear in accordance with Uncertificated Securities Regulations 2001 (SI 2001/3755);
“DCGC” refers to the Dutch Corporate Governance Code;
“Delivery” refers to delivery services provided by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s own logistical food delivery services for Orders from restaurants that do not deliver themselves;
“Delivery Hero” refers to Delivery Hero S.E.;
“deposit agreement” refers to the deposit agreement dated       2021, among Just Eat Takeaway.com, Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as depositary bank, and all holders and beneficial owners of Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs evidenced by ADRs issued thereunder;
“depositary bank” refers to Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as depositary bank for the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs;
“DGCL” refers to the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware;
“Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules” refer to the disclosure guidance and transparency rules made by the FCA under Part VI of FSMA (as set out in the FCA Handbook), as amended;
“DOJ” refers to the U.S. Department of Justice;
“Dutch Competition Authority” refers to the Netherlands Authority for Consumers and Markets (Autoriteit Consument & Markt);
“ECAC” refers to El Cocinero a Cuerda SL;
“Enlarged Group” refers to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, as enlarged by the Transaction with effect from Completion;
“EU” refers to the European Union;
“EU Prospectus Regulation” refers to Regulation (EU) 2017/1129 of the European Parliament and Council of 14 June 2017 on the prospectus to be published when securities are offered to the public or admitted to trading on a regulated market and repealing Directive 2003/71/EC, including any delegated regulations supplementing Regulation (EU) 2017/1129;
“EURIBOR” refers to Euro Interbank Offered Rate;
“Euronext Amsterdam” refers to Euronext in Amsterdam, a regulated market operated by Euronext Amsterdam N.V.;
“European Prospectus” refers to a prospectus to be prepared by Just Eat Takeaway.com pursuant to the EU Prospectus Regulation in respect of the NL Admission and the UK Prospectus Regulation in respect of the UK Admission;
“EUWA” refers to the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018, as amended;
“Evercore” refers to Evercore Group L.L.C., acting as one of Grubhub’s financial advisors;
“Exchange Act” refers to the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended;
“exchange agent” refers to Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as exchange agent for the Transaction;
“exchange ratio” refers to 0.6710;
“Extraordinary General Meeting” refers to the extraordinary general meeting of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders;
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“FCA” refers to the Financial Conduct Authority of the United Kingdom;
“FCA Handbook” refers to the FCA’s Handbook of Rules and Guidance, as amended from time to time;
“final surviving company” refers to Merger Sub II as the surviving company in the subsequent merger;
“financial projections” refers to the Grubhub financial projections and the counterparty financial projections;
“first effective time” refers to the effective time of the initial merger;
“foreign private issuer” refers to a foreign company that qualifies as a “foreign private issuer” as defined in Rule 3b-4(c) of the Exchange Act and Rule 405 of the Securities Act;
“FSMA” refers to the UK Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, as amended;
“FTC” refers to the U.S. Federal Trade Commission;
“FTSE” refers to Financial Times Stock Exchange;
“GAAP” refers to U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles;
“General Meeting” refers to the general meeting of Just Eat Takeaway.com (the corporate body) or the meeting in which Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders and all other persons entitled to attend general meetings of Just Eat Takeaway.com assemble, as the context requires;
“German Businesses Acquisition” refers to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s acquisition of the German businesses of Delivery Hero, consisting of Delivery Hero Germany GmbH and Foodora GmbH, which operated the Lieferheld, Pizza.de and Foodora brands in Germany, which was completed on 1 April 2019;
“GMV” refers to gross merchandise value of food ordered through an online food delivery marketplace;
“Goldman Sachs” refers to Goldman Sachs International, acting as one of Just Eat Takeaway’s financial advisors;
“Grubhub” refers to Grubhub Inc., a Delaware corporation;
“Grubhub Board” refers to the board of directors of Grubhub;
“Grubhub bylaws” refer to the Amended and Restated Bylaws of Grubhub, effective as of 4 April 2014;
“Grubhub certificate of incorporation” refers to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Grubhub, effective as of 9 April 2014;
“Grubhub financial projections” refer to the non-public, internal financial projections regarding Grubhub’s potential future performance prepared by Grubhub management in connection with the Transaction;
“Grubhub Group” refers collectively to Grubhub and its subsidiaries from time to time;
“Grubhub record date” refers to the close of business on       2021;
“Grubhub Senior Notes” refer to the $500 million aggregate principal amount of 5.500% senior notes due 2027 issued by Grubhub Holdings Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Grubhub, on 10 June 2019;
“Grubhub Shares” refer to all shares of common stock, with a par value $0.0001 per share, of Grubhub issued and outstanding from time to time;
“Grubhub Stockholder” refers to a holder of Grubhub Shares from time to time;
“Grubhub Stockholder Meeting” refers to a meeting of Grubhub Stockholders to consider and vote upon the adoption of the Merger Agreement and such other matters as may be legally required;
“HSR Act” refers to the U.S. Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended;
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“IAS” refers to International Accounting Standards as issued by the IASB;
“IASB” refers to the International Accounting Standards Board;
“iFood” refers to iFood Holdings B.V.;
“IFRS” refers to International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the IASB;
“IFRS (EU)” refers to International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the EU;
“initial merger” refers to the merger of Merger Sub I with and into Grubhub in accordance with the Merger Agreement;
“initial surviving company” refers to Grubhub as the surviving company in the initial merger;
“IRS” refers to the U.S. Internal Revenue Service;
“IT” refers to information technology;
“Just Eat” refers to Just Eat Limited (formerly Just Eat plc), a limited company incorporated in England and Wales with registered number 06947854;
“Just Eat Acquisition” refers to the acquisition by Just Eat Takeaway.com of the entire issued share capital of Just Eat plc, which became unconditional in all respects on 31 January 2020;
“Just Eat Facility” refers to that certain multi-currency revolving loan facility entered into by Just Eat on 2 November 2017, as amended and restated on 9 March 2020;
“Just Eat Group” refers to Just Eat Limited and its subsidiaries;
“Just Eat Takeaway.com” refers to Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. (formerly Takeaway.com N.V.), a public company with limited liability (naamloze vennootschap) incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands;
“Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs” refer to American depositary shares representing Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares;
“Just Eat Takeaway.com Boards” refer to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board together;
“Just Eat Takeaway.com CDI” refers to a CREST depositary interest, issued by CREST Depositary Limited whereby CREST Depositary Limited will hold overseas securities on bare trust for the CREST member to whom it has issued a depositary interest, in respect of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share;
“Just Eat Takeaway.com Group” refers collectively to Just Eat Takeaway.com and its subsidiaries;
“Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board” refers to the members of the management board of the Just Eat Takeaway.com as described in “Information about the Management and Compensation of Just Eat Takeaway.com—Composition of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board beginning on page 249 of this proxy statement/prospectus;
“Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Director” refers to a member of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board;
“Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder” refers to a holder of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares from time to time;
“Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder Resolutions” refer to the resolutions set out in the notice of the Extraordinary General Meeting held on 7 October 2020;
“Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares” refer to the ordinary shares with a nominal value of €0.04 each in the share capital of Just Eat Takeaway.com from time to time;
“Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board” refers to the members of the supervisory board of Just Eat Takeaway.com as described in “Information about the Management and Compensation of Just Eat Takeaway.com—Composition of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board” beginning on page 250 of this proxy statement/prospectus;
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“Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Director” refers to a member of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board;
“LIBOR” refers to London Interbank Offered Rate;
“Listing Rules” refer to the listing rules made by the FCA under Part VI of FSMA (as set out in the FCA Handbook), as amended, governing, inter alia, the admission of securities to the UK Official List;
“London Stock Exchange” or “LSE” refers to London Stock Exchange plc;
“Merger Agreement” refers to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of 10 June 2020, among Just Eat Takeaway.com, Grubhub, Merger Sub I and Merger Sub II, as amended by the First Amendment to the Merger Agreement, dated as of 4 September 2020, among Just Eat Takeaway.com, Grubhub, Merger Sub I and Merger Sub II, and the Second Amendment to the Merger Agreement, dated as of 12 March 2021, among Just Eat Takeaway.com, Grubhub, Merger Sub I and Merger Sub II, providing for the all-share combination of Just Eat Takeaway.com with Grubhub, copies of which are attached as Annexes A-1, A-2 and A-3 to this proxy statement/prospectus;
“Merger Sub I” refers to Checkers Merger Sub I, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Just Eat Takeaway.com;
“Merger Sub II” refers to Checkers Merger Sub II, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Just Eat Takeaway.com;
“Merger Subs” refer to Merger Sub I and Merger Sub II;
“mergers” refer to the initial merger and the subsequent merger;
“NA,” “N.A.” or “n.a.” refer to not applicable;
“Nasdaq” refers to the Nasdaq Global Select Market;
“New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs” refer to the American depositary shares representing Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares that are to be issued to Grubhub Stockholders in connection with the Transaction;
“New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares” refer to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs;
“NYSE” refers to the New York Stock Exchange;
“online food delivery business” refers to a business operating online food ordering that receives orders predominantly for delivery (and, to a much lesser extent, for pick-up);
“online food delivery marketplace” refers to an online food delivery business not being a food chain or restaurant;
“online food ordering” refers to online food ordering for delivery or pick-up;
“PCAOB” refers to the U.S. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board;
“PFIC” refers to a passive foreign investment company for U.S. federal income tax purposes;
“SEC” refers to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission;
“second effective time” refers to the effective time of the subsequent merger;
“Securities Act” refers to the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended;
“STAK” refers to Stichting Administratiekantoor Takeaway.com.;
“subsequent merger” refers to the merger of the initial surviving company with and into Merger Sub II in accordance with the Merger Agreement;
“Takeaway.com” refers to the legacy business of Takeaway.com N.V. as it existed prior to the Just Eat Acquisition;
“the Netherlands” refers to the part of the Kingdom of Netherlands located in Europe;
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“Transaction” refers to the all-share combination of Just Eat Takeaway.com with Grubhub in accordance with the Merger Agreement;
“Treasury” refers to the U.S. Department of the Treasury;
“Treasury Regulations” refer to the Treasury regulations promulgated under the Code;
“UK Official List” refers to the Official List maintained by the FCA pursuant to FSMA;
“UK Prospectus Regulation” refers to the EU Prospectus Regulation as it forms part of UK domestic law by virtue of the EUWA;
“United Kingdom” or “UK” refers to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland;
“United States” or “U.S.” refers to the United States of America;
“Voting and Support Agreement” refers to the voting and support agreement dated 10 June 2020 and made between Jitse Groen and Grubhub; and
“Wge” refers to the Dutch Act on Securities Transactions by Giro (Wet giraal effectenverkeer).
All brands, unless otherwise noted, referred to herein are trademarks owned or licensed by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group or the Grubhub Group, as applicable.
Presentation of Financial and Other Information
This proxy statement/prospectus contains or incorporates by reference:
the audited consolidated financial statements of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group as of 31 December 2020 and 2019 and for each of the years in the three-year period ended 31 December 2020, prepared in accordance with IFRS (the “Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements”);
the audited consolidated financial statements of the Just Eat Group as of 31 December 2019 and 2018 and for each of the years in the two-year period ended 31 December 2019, prepared in accordance with IFRS (the “historical Just Eat Group’s consolidated financial statements”); and
the audited consolidated financial statements of the Grubhub Group as of 31 December 2020 and 2019 and for each of the years in the three-year period ended 31 December 2020, prepared on the basis of GAAP (the “Grubhub Group’s consolidated financial statements”).
Unless indicated otherwise, financial data presented in this proxy statement/prospectus have been taken from Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements, the historical Just Eat Group’s consolidated financial statements and the Grubhub Group’s consolidated financial statements included in or incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus.
This proxy statement/prospectus also contains the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group as of and for the year ended 31 December 2020 after giving effect to the Just Eat Acquisition and the Transaction (the “Pro Forma Financial Information”). See “Just Eat Takeaway.com Group Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Information” beginning on page 255 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
For additional information on the presentation of financial information in this proxy statement/prospectus, see the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-5 of this proxy statement/prospectus, the historical Just Eat Group’s consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-72 of this proxy statement/prospectus and the Grubhub Group’s consolidated financial statements incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus.
Key Non-IFRS Measures of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group
Certain parts of this proxy statement/prospectus contain non-IFRS financial measures and ratios, including adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin as used by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group (the “non-IFRS financial measures”). These are not recognized measures of financial performance or liquidity under IFRS. They are presented as the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes that they and similar measures are used in the industry in which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group operates as a means of evaluating a company’s operating
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performance and liquidity. However, the non-IFRS financial measures presented herein may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies and are not measurements under IFRS or other generally accepted accounting principles. Accordingly, undue reliance should not be placed on the non-IFRS financial measures contained in this proxy statement/prospectus and they should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for operating profit or loss, profit or loss for the year, cash flow or other financial measures computed in accordance with IFRS. Although certain of these data have been extracted or derived from the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements, these data have not been audited or reviewed by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s independent auditors.
Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin
Adjusted EBITDA, as used by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, is defined as profit or loss for the period before depreciation and amortization, finance income and expense, share-based payments, share of results of associates and joint ventures, acquisition and integration related expenses, income tax expense and other gains and losses, and, when presented at the segment level, which represents the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s measure of segment performance under IFRS 8, Operating Segments, also excludes Head Office costs, which are not allocated to the segments. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes adjusted EBITDA is a useful measure for investors as it is the main measure used by its CODM to assess the performance of the business and segments and to allocate resources. Adjusted EBITDA is used internally for forecasting and budgeting and measuring its operating performance because it excludes depreciation, amortization, finance income and expenses, share-based payments, share of results of associates and joint ventures, acquisition and integration related expenses, income tax expense and other gains or losses, which do not reflect the day-to-day commercial performance of the business and, as a result, enables assessment of the underlying operational performance per segment and effectiveness of the strategy applied and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes it enhances the comparability of profit or loss across segments and across periods for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group as a whole. Adjusted EBITDA is derived from the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements, however, it is not a measure calculated in accordance with IFRS and may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies. Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as a financial measure, should be considered as supplemental in nature, and is not meant as a substitute for the related financial information prepared in accordance with IFRS. Limitations include the following:
adjusted EBITDA excludes certain recurring, non-cash charges, such as depreciation of property and equipment and amortization of intangible assets, and although these are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized may have to be replaced in the future, and adjusted EBITDA does not reflect all cash capital expenditure requirements for such replacements or for new capital expenditure requirements;
adjusted EBITDA excludes share-based payments, which have been, and will continue to be for the foreseeable future, a recurring expense in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s business and a relevant component of its compensation strategy;
adjusted EBITDA does not reflect period to period changes in tax rates or income tax expense;
adjusted EBITDA does not reflect acquisition-related transaction and integration costs, which have been a material cost in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s business during the periods under review;
adjusted EBITDA excludes legal, tax, and regulatory reserves and settlements that may reduce available cash;
adjusted EBITDA does not reflect the impact of earnings or charges resulting from certain matters the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group considers not to be indicative of ongoing operations;
adjusted EBITDA does not reflect changes in or cash requirements in working capital needs; and
certain adjustments made in calculating adjusted EBITDA contain estimates that the Just Eat Takeaway.com management believes reflect the underlying results of operations and therefore are subjective in nature.
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Accordingly, adjusted EBITDA should not be considered as an alternative to profit or loss for the period. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group—Results of Operations” beginning on page 214 of this proxy statement/prospectus for a reconciliation of adjusted EBITDA for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group to loss for the period as measured pursuant to IFRS.
Adjusted EBITDA margin, as used by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, is defined as adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of revenue (as defined in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income or loss) for the relevant period. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes adjusted EBITDA margin is a useful measure for investors as it is used by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and its CODM, together with adjusted EBITDA, to assess the underlying operational performance of the businesses, adjusting for non-cash and non-operating items. Adjusted EBITDA margin is used internally for purposes of forecasting, budgeting and measuring its operating performance because it excludes items that are either non-cash, relate to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s investments in associates and joint ventures and gains or losses on disposal, or do not reflect the day-to-day commercial performance of the business and, as a result, provides a measure of the underlying performance of the business and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes adjusted EBITDA margin enhances the comparability of profit or loss across segments and across periods for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group as a whole while controlling for variance in revenue across such segments or periods. Adjusted EBITDA margin has limitations as a financial measure (including the limitations identified above with respect to adjusted EBITDA), should be considered as supplemental in nature, and is not meant as a substitute for the related financial information prepared in accordance with IFRS.
Unless explicitly stated otherwise, references to adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin in this proxy statement/prospectus are references to adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin as used by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group. However, references to adjusted EBITDA in documents filed by Grubhub with the SEC which are incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus shall refer to adjusted EBITDA as used by the Grubhub Group unless stated otherwise (see “—Presentation of Financial and Other Information—Key Non-GAAP Measures of the Grubhub Group—Adjusted EBITDA” beginning on page x of this proxy statement/prospectus).
Key Non-GAAP Measures of the Grubhub Group
Certain parts of this proxy statement/prospectus contain non-GAAP financial measures and ratios, including adjusted EBITDA as used by the Grubhub Group (the “non-GAAP financial measures”). These are not recognized measures of financial performance or liquidity under GAAP. They are presented as Grubhub believes that they and similar measures are used in the industry in which the Grubhub Group operates as a means of evaluating a company’s operating performance and liquidity. However, the non-GAAP financial measures presented herein may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies and are not measurements under GAAP or other generally accepted accounting principles. Accordingly, undue reliance should not be placed on the non-GAAP financial measures contained in this proxy statement/prospectus and they should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for financial measures computed in accordance with GAAP. Although certain of these data have been extracted or derived from the Grubhub Group’s consolidated financial statements, these data have not been audited or reviewed by the Grubhub Group’s independent auditors.
Adjusted EBITDA
Adjusted EBITDA, as used by the Grubhub Group, is defined as net income (loss) adjusted to exclude acquisition, restructuring and certain legal costs, income taxes, net interest expense, depreciation and amortization and stock-based compensation expense. Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered as an alternative to net income (loss) or any other measure of financial performance calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP. The Grubhub Group’s adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other organizations because other organizations may not calculate adjusted EBITDA in the same manner.
Grubhub believes adjusted EBITDA is an important measure upon which management assesses the Grubhub Group’s operating performance. Grubhub uses adjusted EBITDA as a key performance measure because Grubhub management believes it facilitates operating performance comparisons from period to period by excluding potential differences primarily caused by variations in capital structures, tax positions, the impact of acquisitions and restructuring, the impact of depreciation and amortization expense on the Grubhub Group’s fixed assets and
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the impact of stock-based compensation expense. Because adjusted EBITDA facilitates internal comparisons of the Grubhub Group’s historical operating performance on a more consistent basis, Grubhub also uses adjusted EBITDA for business planning purposes and in evaluating business opportunities and determining incentive compensation for certain employees. In addition, Grubhub management believes adjusted EBITDA and similar measures are widely used by investors, securities analysts, ratings agencies and other parties in evaluating companies in the industry as a measure of financial performance and debt-service capabilities.
The Grubhub Group’s use of adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider it in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of the Grubhub Group’s results as reported under GAAP. Some of these limitations are:
adjusted EBITDA does not reflect the Grubhub Group’s cash expenditures for capital equipment or other contractual commitments;
although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized may have to be replaced in the future, and adjusted EBITDA does not reflect capital expenditure requirements for such replacements;
adjusted EBITDA does not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, the Grubhub Group’s working capital needs; and
other companies, including companies in the same industry, may calculate adjusted EBITDA differently, which reduces its usefulness as a comparative measure.
In evaluating adjusted EBITDA as presented by the Grubhub Group, you should be aware that in the future the Grubhub Group will incur expenses similar to some of the adjustments used in the calculation of adjusted EBITDA. The presentation of adjusted EBITDA should not be construed as indicating that the Grubhub Group’s future results will be unaffected by these expenses or by any unusual items. When evaluating the Grubhub Group’s performance, you should consider adjusted EBITDA alongside other financial performance measures, including net income (loss) and other GAAP results.
References to adjusted EBITDA (i) in this proxy statement/prospectus shall refer to adjusted EBITDA as used by the Grubhub Group only when explicitly identified as such and (ii) in documents filed by Grubhub with the SEC which are incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus shall refer to adjusted EBITDA as used by the Grubhub Group unless stated otherwise.
Key Non-IFRS Measures of the Just Eat Group
Certain parts of this proxy statement/prospectus contain reference to the non-IFRS financial measure underlying EBITDA as used by the Just Eat Group (the “JE non-IFRS financial measure”). This is not a recognized measure of financial performance or liquidity under IFRS. It is presented as Just Eat Takeaway.com believes that it and similar measures are used in the industry in which the Just Eat Group operated prior to the Just Eat Acquisition as a means of evaluating a company’s operating performance and liquidity. However, the JE non-IFRS financial measure presented herein may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies and is not a measurement under IFRS or other generally accepted accounting principles. Accordingly, undue reliance should not be placed on the JE non-IFRS financial measure contained in this proxy statement/prospectus and it should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for profit or loss for the year, cash flow or other financial measures computed in accordance with IFRS. Although certain of these data have been extracted or derived from the historical Just Eat Group’s consolidated financial statements, these data have not been audited or reviewed by the Just Eat Group’s independent auditors. Except as otherwise provided, underlying EBITDA, as used by the Just Eat Group, is defined as profit or loss for the period before investment revenue and finance costs, taxation, depreciation, amortization and asset impairment charges, share-based payment charges, acquisition transaction and integration costs, foreign exchange gains and losses, share of results of associates and joint ventures and other gains and losses. Underlying EBITDA was used by the Just Eat Group’s CODM to assess internal performance, as it excludes items that are either non-cash, relate to investment, or do not reflect the day-to-day commercial performance of the business, and therefore provides a measure of the underlying performance of the business and is considered to enhance the comparability of profit or loss across segments. Underlying EBITDA is derived from the historical Just Eat Group’s consolidated financial statements,
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however, it is not a measure calculated in accordance with IFRS and may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies. Underlying EBITDA has limitations as a financial measure, should be considered as supplemental in nature, and is not meant as a substitute for the related financial information prepared in accordance with IFRS. Limitations include:
underlying EBITDA excludes certain recurring, non-cash charges, such as depreciation of property and equipment and amortization of intangible assets, and although these are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized may have to be replaced in the future, and underlying EBITDA does not reflect all cash capital expenditure requirements for such replacements or for new capital expenditure requirements;
underlying EBITDA excludes share-based payment charges, which have been a recurring expense in the Just Eat Group’s business and a relevant component of its compensation strategy;
underlying EBITDA does not reflect period to period changes in tax rates or income tax expense;
certain adjustments made in calculating underlying EBITDA contain estimates that the Just Eat Takeaway.com management believes reflect the underlying results of operations and therefore are subjective in nature; and
underlying EBITDA may be calculated differently by other companies, which reduces its usefulness as a comparative measure.
Accordingly, underlying EBITDA should not be considered as an alternative to profit or loss for the period. Unless explicitly stated otherwise, references to underlying EBITDA in this proxy statement/prospectus are references to underlying EBITDA as used by the Just Eat Group.
Reportable Segments
Just Eat Takeaway.com Group
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is organized on a country level for the purpose of conducting its activities and each country is identified as an operating segment. Four of the operating segments meet the quantitative criteria pursuant to IFRS 8, Operating Segments for reportable segments (United Kingdom, Germany, Canada and the Netherlands) following the Just Eat Acquisition and consolidation of the Just Eat Group into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group from 15 April 2020, prior to which there were two reportable segments (Germany and the Netherlands) that met the quantitative thresholds. This increase from two to four reportable segments became effective in the year ended 31 December 2020.
The other countries have been combined into an “all other segments” category which is named “Rest of the World,” and was referred to as “Other Leading Markets” prior to the Just Eat Acquisition. The Rest of the World comprises: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Denmark, France, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Spain and Switzerland. With respect to the countries included in the Rest of the World during the periods under review, (i) the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group did not have operations in Australia, Denmark, Ireland, Italy, New Zealand, Norway and Spain during the years ended 31 December 2019 and 2018, such periods being prior to consolidation of the Just Eat Group into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group from 15 April 2020, (ii) the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group did not have operations in France during the year ended 31 December 2019, such period being after the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group previously discontinued operations in France in February 2018 and prior to consolidation of the Just Eat Group into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group from 15 April 2020 and (iii) as a result of acquisitions, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group entered Israel in September 2018, Switzerland in June 2018 and Bulgaria and Romania in February 2018. Just Eat Takeaway.com has non-controlling interests in businesses in Brazil (iFood) and Mexico (ECAC). iFood is classified as an associate for accounting purposes, while Just Eat Takeaway.com’s participation in ECAC is classified as a joint venture, therefore neither business is consolidated. ECAC operations ceased on 4 December 2020 and, as per 31 December 2020, the business has been closed down. As the operating segments serve only external consumers, there is no revenue from transactions with other operating segments. See Note 10 to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-34 of this proxy statement/prospectus for additional detail.
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The Just Eat Group was consolidated into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group from 15 April 2020. As a result, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group did not have operations in the United Kingdom or Canada during the years ended 31 December 2019 and 2018.
Until 31 December 2019, Head Office was allocated to the segments. Beginning in the year ended 31 December 2020, Head Office is no longer allocated to the segments. The segment data in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements have been recast accordingly. Head Office relates to non-allocated expenses and includes all central operating expenses such as staff costs and project expenses for global support teams like legal, finance, business intelligence, human resources, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board. Not included in Head Office are costs of global IT and product functions, which are allocated to countries and therefore included in each segment’s adjusted EBITDA.
Grubhub
Grubhub has one reportable segment, which has been identified based on how the CODM of Grubhub manages the business, makes operating decisions and evaluates operating performance.
Exchange Rates
Just Eat Takeaway.com publishes its consolidated financial statements in euro, while Grubhub publishes its consolidated financial statements in U.S. dollars. In this proxy statement/prospectus, references to “€,” “euro.” “Euro,” or “EUR” are to the single currency adopted by participating member states of the European Union (the “EU”) relating to Economic and Monetary Union, references to “$,” “U.S. dollars,” “Dollars” or “USD” are to the lawful currency of the United States, references to “£,” “pounds sterling,” “British pounds sterling” or “GBP” are to the lawful currency of the United Kingdom, references to “Cdn$” or “Canadian dollars” are to the lawful currency of Canada, references to “Swiss franc” or “CHF” are to the lawful currency of Switzerland, references to “Polish Zloty” or “PLN” are to the lawful currency of Poland, references to “Israeli New Shekel” or “ILS” are to the lawful currency of Israel, references to “Bulgarian Lev” or “BGN” are to the lawful currency of Bulgaria, references to “Romanian Leu” or “RON” are to the lawful currency of Romania, references to “Australian dollar” are to the lawful currency of Australia and references to “Danish Krone” are to the lawful currency of Denmark.
References to the “Euro-Dollar exchange rate” refer to the Euro—U.S. dollar exchange rate as quoted by the Bloomberg Composite Rate on such date at the time of LSE market close, except where another time is specified, in which case it refers to the Euro—U.S. dollar exchange rate as quoted by the Bloomberg Composite Rate on such date at such specified time.
Rounding
The financial information set forth in this proxy statement/prospectus has been rounded for ease of presentation. In addition, percentages in tables may be calculated on the basis of such financial information prior to such rounding. As a result, percentages in tables may differ from the percentage that would be calculated based upon the rounded financial information presented or may not add up to 100% and the totals of other numerical figures, including certain financial data, shown as totals in some tables may not be an arithmetic aggregation of the figures that precede them. Financial information has been rounded to the nearest million in all cases, unless otherwise stated.
Industry Data
References to market share are Just Eat Takeaway.com’s estimates based on the latest available data from a number of internal and external sources. Sources used by Just Takeaway.com include: data and web traffic monitoring (Google Trends), app download and use data (App Annie), credit card use data and email receipt analysis (Fox Intelligence).
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CAUTIONARY INFORMATION REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS AND RISK FACTOR SUMMARY
Statements included in this proxy statement/prospectus and in documents incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus regarding the Transaction, the expected timetable for the Transaction, the benefits of the Transaction, future opportunities for the Enlarged Group and any other statements regarding Just Eat Takeaway.com’s, Grubhub’s or the Enlarged Group’s future expectations, beliefs, plans, objectives, financial conditions, assumptions or future events or performance that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements. These statements are often, but not always, made through the use of words or phrases such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “outlook,” “plan,” “positioned,” “possible,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “provide,” “should,” “strategy,” “will,” “would” and similar expressions. All such forward-looking statements involve estimates and assumptions that are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual future financial condition, performance and results to differ materially from the plans, goals, expectations and results expressed in the forward-looking statements and other financial and/or statistical data within this proxy statement/prospectus.
Key factors that could cause the failure of the Transaction to be completed or, if completed, that could have an adverse effect on the results of operations, cash flows and financial position of the Enlarged Group and any anticipated benefits of the Transaction, and that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the following:
conditions to Completion, including the failure to obtain necessary shareholder approvals from Grubhub Stockholders;
challenges inherent in the merger of two businesses of the size and geographical diversity and scope of Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub, including the risk that integration costs may be higher than foreseen or the process could take longer than anticipated and may disrupt their existing businesses;
uncertainties associated with the Transaction which may cause a loss of key Grubhub Group employees or disrupt existing business relationships;
restrictions in the Merger Agreement on the conduct of the business activities of the parties, including restrictions on the ability to pursue alternatives to the Transaction;
uncertainty of the value of the merger consideration that Grubhub Stockholders will receive due to a fixed exchange ratio and fluctuations in the price of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares;
that certain Grubhub directors and executive officers have interests in the Transaction that are different from, or in addition to, the interests of Grubhub Stockholders generally;
significant transaction-related costs that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group will incur in connection with the Transaction;
the possibility that the actual results of operations, cash flows and financial position of the Enlarged Group will materially differ from the Pro Forma Financial Information;
risks relating to Just Eat Takeaway.com becoming subject to, and complying with, U.S. regulations, which are different from the regulations to which Just Eat Takeaway.com is currently subject;
the possibility that holders of New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs in the U.S. may not be able to enforce civil liabilities against Just Eat Takeaway.com, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors or the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors;
limited recourse for holders of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs if Just Eat Takeaway.com or the depositary bank fails to meet its obligations under the deposit agreement;
the ability of Just Eat Takeaway.com, as a foreign private issuer, to file less information with the SEC than issuers that are not foreign private issuers;
the possibility of not being able to establish, maintain or expand leadership position and establish, maintain or increase profitability in some or all jurisdictions, including as a result of competition;
failure to continue to innovate or otherwise meet consumer expectations;
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risks to reputation due to negative publicity and media coverage;
disruptions to IT systems and related infrastructure, including system outage or supply chain failures affecting telecommunications, internet service providers, payment service providers or technology manufacturers;
compromised security measures due to hacking, viruses, fraud and other malicious attacks, resulting in performance failures or failure to protect personal information provided by consumers;
potential software failures in restaurant management systems which facilitate the receiving and processing of online orders;
payment-related risks due to both the use of payment processors and collection of cash payments;
public health issues such as a major pandemic or epidemic, including the long-term continuation or escalation of the COVID-19 outbreak;
the potential continued incurrence of substantial net losses in the future by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group;
inability to continue to grow at historical rates or realize the benefits of growth initiatives and to retain existing restaurants and consumers or to acquire new restaurants and consumers in a cost-effective manner;
reliance on restaurants on the platforms maintaining their service levels to consumers;
risks associated with operating with joint venture and other partners;
changes in internet search engines’ algorithms or terms of service causing the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s or the Grubhub Group’s websites to be excluded from or ranked lower in organic search results;
weather conditions and seasonal fluctuations resulting in fluctuations in demand;
changes in, including interpretation or application of, the laws and regulations of each of the jurisdictions in which operations take place, particularly with respect to regulation of the Internet and e-commerce;
failure to maintain adequate protection for intellectual property rights and infringement of intellectual property;
potential increasing dependence of growth strategies on external sources of capital;
impact of economic conditions, including the resulting effect on consumer spending; and
fluctuations in currency exchange rates.
For a further discussion of these and other risks, contingencies and uncertainties applicable to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and the Enlarged Group, see “Risk Factors” beginning on page 34 of this proxy statement/prospectus and the discussion of risks in Grubhub’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended 31 December 2020 and in Grubhub’s other filings with the SEC incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus.
Due to these risks, contingencies and other uncertainties, you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this proxy statement/prospectus or the date of a document incorporated by reference, as applicable. All subsequent written or oral forward-looking statements attributable to Just Eat Takeaway.com or Grubhub or any person acting on its or their behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained or referred to in this section of the proxy statement/prospectus. Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub are not required to and do not undertake any obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements or other data or statements contained within this proxy statement/prospectus, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable federal securities law.
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QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
The following questions and answers are intended to address briefly some commonly asked questions regarding the Transaction and matters to be addressed at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting. These questions and answers may not address all questions that may be important to Grubhub Stockholders. To better understand these matters, and for a description of the legal terms governing the Transaction, you should carefully read this entire proxy statement/prospectus, including the attached annexes, as well as the documents that have been incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus. See “Where You Can Find More Information” beginning on page 320 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Q:
Why am I receiving this proxy statement/prospectus?
A:
Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub have agreed to an all-share combination of Just Eat Takeaway.com with Grubhub in accordance with the Merger Agreement (the “Transaction”), pursuant to which Grubhub will become a wholly owned subsidiary of Just Eat Takeaway.com and will no longer be an independent, U.S. publicly-traded corporation. If the Transaction is completed, each issued and outstanding Grubhub Share (other than any Grubhub Shares owned by Grubhub, Just Eat Takeaway.com, Merger Sub I, Merger Sub II or any other direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Just Eat Takeaway.com) will be converted into one share of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the initial surviving company (the “initial surviving company stock”). Each such share of initial surviving company stock will immediately thereafter be automatically exchanged for an amount of newly issued American depositary shares of Just Eat Takeaway.com (each, a “New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS”) representing 0.6710 Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares. Each New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS will represent one-fifth of one Just Eat Takeaway.com Share. No fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs will be issued in the Transaction, and Grubhub Stockholders will receive cash in lieu of fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs.
Grubhub is holding the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting to obtain the Grubhub Stockholder approval necessary to adopt the Merger Agreement (the “Merger Agreement proposal”). In addition, Grubhub Stockholders will also be asked to approve, on a non-binding, advisory basis, certain compensation that may be paid or become payable to named executive officers of Grubhub in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement (the “non-binding compensation proposal”) and to approve the adjournment of the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting from time to time, if necessary or appropriate, to solicit additional proxies if there are not sufficient votes to approve the Merger Agreement proposal (the “adjournment proposal”).
This proxy statement/prospectus serves as both a proxy statement of Grubhub and a prospectus of Just Eat Takeaway.com in connection with the Transaction.
It is important that your Grubhub Shares be represented and voted regardless of the size of your holdings. Whether or not you plan to attend the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, we urge you to submit a proxy to have your Grubhub Shares voted in advance of the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting by using one of the methods described in this proxy statement/prospectus.
Q:
What are Grubhub Stockholders being asked to vote on?
A:
Grubhub Stockholders are being asked to vote on the following proposals:
the Merger Agreement proposal;
the non-binding compensation proposal; and
the adjournment proposal.
Q:
How does the Grubhub Board recommend that Grubhub Stockholders vote?
A:
The Grubhub Board has evaluated the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby, including the Transaction, and (i) determined that it was fair to and in the best interest of Grubhub and the Grubhub Stockholders, and declared it advisable, that Grubhub enter into the Merger Agreement and consummate the transactions contemplated thereby, including the Transaction; (ii) adopted the Merger Agreement and approved the execution, delivery and performance by Grubhub of the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, including the Transaction; (iii) resolved to
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recommend that the Grubhub Stockholders vote “FOR” the Merger Agreement proposal, “FOR” the non-binding compensation proposal and “FOR” the adjournment proposal; and (iv) directed that the Merger Agreement be submitted to the Grubhub Stockholders for adoption.
The Grubhub Board recommends that Grubhub Stockholders vote “FOR” the Merger Agreement proposal, “FOR” the non-binding compensation proposal and “FOR” the adjournment proposal. See “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Grubhub’s Purposes and Reasons for the Transaction; Recommendation of the Grubhub Board,” “Grubhub Proposal II: Non-Binding, Advisory Vote on Transaction-Related Named Executive Officer Compensation” and “Grubhub Proposal III: Adjournment of the Special Meeting” beginning on pages 88, 253 and 254, respectively, of this proxy statement/prospectus.
In considering the recommendation of the Grubhub Board, you should be aware that certain directors and executive officers of Grubhub have interests in the proposed transactions that are in addition to, or different from, any interests they might have as Grubhub Stockholders. See “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Treatment of Grubhub Equity Awards—Interests of Grubhub’s Directors and Executive Officers in the Transaction” beginning on page 120 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Q:
How do Grubhub’s directors and executive officers intend to vote?
A:
Grubhub currently expects that Grubhub’s directors and executive officers will vote their Grubhub Shares “FOR” the Merger Agreement proposal, “FOR” the non-binding compensation proposal and “FOR” the adjournment proposal.
Q:
Are there any risks related to the Transaction or the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s business that I should consider in deciding whether to vote for approval of the Merger Agreement proposal?
A:
Yes. Before making any decision on whether and how to vote, you are urged to read carefully and in its entirety “Risk Factors” beginning on page 34 of this proxy statement/prospectus. You also should read and carefully consider the risk factors with respect to Grubhub that are contained in the documents that are incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus.
Q:
What uncertainties and risks did the Grubhub Board consider in connection with the Transaction?
A:
The Grubhub Board carefully considered certain uncertainties and risks in its deliberations concerning the Transaction, including:
the possibility that the Transaction or the other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement may not be completed, or that their completion may be delayed for reasons that are beyond the control of Grubhub or Just Eat Takeaway.com, including the failure of Grubhub Stockholders to adopt the Merger Agreement or the failure of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders to approve the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder Resolutions, including the share issuance and binding nominations, or the failure of Grubhub or Just Eat Takeaway.com to satisfy other requirements, including the receipt of regulatory approvals and clearances, that are conditions to closing the Transaction, and the materially adverse impact that such failure or delay could have on Grubhub’s financial or business condition, results of operations or stock price;
the possibility that, because the merger consideration is based on a fixed exchange ratio and does not provide Grubhub with a price-based termination right or adjustment for fluctuations in the trading price of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, Grubhub Stockholders would be exposed to adverse developments in Just Eat Takeaway.com’s business, operations, financial condition, earnings and prospects, and that, as a result, if there is a decrease in the trading price of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares without a corresponding decrease in the trading price of Grubhub Shares, there would be a potential decrease in the implied value of the merger consideration;
the challenges inherent in the merger of two businesses of the size and geographical diversity and scope of Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com, including the possible diversion of management attention for an extended period of time;
the risk that the Enlarged Group may not be able to successfully integrate the businesses of Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com or that the costs of integration may be greater than anticipated and therefore the Enlarged Group may not be able to fully realize the anticipated benefits of the Transaction;
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the execution risks associated with the implementation of the Enlarged Group’s long-term business plan and strategy, which may be different from the execution risks related to Grubhub’s stand-alone business plan;
the lack of opportunity for Grubhub Stockholders to participate in Grubhub’s potential upside as a standalone company, other than indirectly as part of the Enlarged Group;
Just Eat Takeaway.com’s right to respond to and negotiate with respect to unsolicited alternative proposals from third parties in certain circumstances and to terminate the Merger Agreement if a superior proposal were to become available, subject to Just Eat Takeaway.com being obligated to pay Grubhub a termination fee of $144 million, as more fully described under the section entitled “The Merger Agreement—No Solicitation of Takeover or Alternative Proposals” beginning on page 156 of this proxy statement/prospectus;
the Just Eat Takeaway.com Boards’ right to change their recommendation to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders to vote in favor of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder Resolutions, including the share issuance and binding nominations, if a superior proposal were to become available or in response to an intervening event, subject to Just Eat Takeaway.com being obligated to pay Grubhub a termination fee of $144 million in certain circumstances, as more fully described under the section entitled “The Merger Agreement—Recommendation of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Boards” beginning on page 160 of this proxy statement/prospectus;
the restrictions in the Merger Agreement on the conduct of Grubhub’s business during the period between execution of the Merger Agreement and Completion, as more fully described under the section entitled “The Merger Agreement—Conduct of Business” beginning on page 153 of this proxy statement/prospectus, which may delay or prevent Grubhub from undertaking business opportunities that may arise or may negatively affect Grubhub’s ability to attract and retain key personnel;
the risk that the pendency of the Transaction or announcement of Completion could adversely affect Grubhub’s relationships with any persons with whom Grubhub has a business relationship, including its consumers and restaurant partners;
the risk that, despite the efforts of Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com prior to Completion, the Enlarged Group may have difficulties in attracting and retaining key employees;
the transaction costs and retention costs to be incurred in connection with the Transaction, regardless of whether the Transaction is completed;
the fact that the Merger Agreement prohibits Grubhub from soliciting or engaging in discussions regarding alternative transactions during the pendency of the Transaction, subject to limited exceptions, as more fully described under the section entitled “The Merger Agreement—No Solicitation of Takeover or Alternative Proposals” beginning on page 156 of this proxy statement/prospectus;
Grubhub’s obligation to pay Just Eat Takeaway.com a termination fee of $144 million in certain circumstances, as more fully described under the section entitled “The Merger Agreement—Expenses and Termination Fees” beginning on page 169 of this proxy statement/prospectus, and the risk that such termination fee may discourage third parties that might otherwise have an interest in a business combination with Grubhub from making alternative proposals;
the fact that some of Grubhub’s directors and executive officers have interests in the Transaction that are different from, or in addition to, the interests of Grubhub Stockholders generally, as more fully described under the section entitled “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Treatment of Grubhub Equity Awards—Interests of Grubhub’s Directors and Executive Officers in the Transaction” beginning on page 120 of this proxy statement/prospectus; and
the risks of the type and nature described under “Risk Factors” beginning on page 34 of this proxy statement/prospectus and the matters described under “Cautionary Information Regarding Forward-Looking Statements and Risk Factor Summary” beginning on page xiv of this proxy statement/prospectus.
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For a more detailed discussion of the factors, including the negative factors, that the Grubhub Board considered in its deliberations concerning the Transaction, see “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Grubhub’s Purposes and Reasons for the Transaction; Recommendation of the Grubhub Board” beginning on page 88 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Q:
Do any of the directors or executive officers of Grubhub have interests in the Transaction that may be different from or in addition to the interests of other Grubhub Stockholders?
A:
Yes, certain Grubhub directors and executive officers have interests in the Transaction that are different from, or in addition to, those of Grubhub Stockholders generally. For a detailed discussion of these interests, see “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Treatment of Grubhub Equity Awards—Interests of Grubhub’s Directors and Executive Officers in the Transaction” beginning on page 120 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Q:
When do you expect to complete the Transaction?
A:
Assuming the satisfaction (or, to the extent legally permissible, waiver) of the conditions to Just Eat Takeaway.com’s and Grubhub’s obligations to complete the Transaction, Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub expect the Transaction to be completed on or about       2021. However, the Transaction is subject to various conditions, and it is possible that factors outside the control of Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub could result in the Transaction being completed at a later time, or not at all. An end date of 31 December 2021 has been set for the first effective time.
Q:
What will Grubhub Stockholders receive in the Transaction?
A:
If the Transaction is completed, each Grubhub Share (other than any Grubhub Shares owned by Grubhub, Just Eat Takeaway.com, Merger Sub I, Merger Sub II or any other direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Just Eat Takeaway.com) automatically will be converted into the right to receive consideration consisting of (1) New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs representing 0.6710 Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares (the “merger consideration”), plus (2) cash in lieu of fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, plus (3) any dividends or other distributions to which such holder is entitled pursuant to the Merger Agreement, and otherwise subject to adjustments to prevent dilution in accordance with the Merger Agreement. Each New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS will represent one-fifth of one New Just Eat Takeaway.com Share. For the avoidance of doubt, no fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs will be issued in the Transaction, and Grubhub Stockholders will receive cash in lieu of fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs.
Based on the closing price of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share on Euronext Amsterdam of €98.60 and the Euro-Dollar exchange rate of 1.13585, in each case, on 9 June 2020, the last trading day of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares before the public announcement of the Merger Agreement, the merger consideration represented approximately $75.15 in value per Grubhub Share. Based on the closing price of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share on Euronext Amsterdam of €92.08 and the Euro-Dollar exchange rate of 1.2036, in each case, on 20 April 2021, the most recent practicable trading day prior to the date of this proxy statement/prospectus, the merger consideration represented approximately $74.37 in value for each Grubhub Share. Because the Merger Agreement provides for a fixed number of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying those New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs to be issued as part of the consideration payable in exchange for each Grubhub Share, the value of the merger consideration that Grubhub Stockholders will receive will depend on the market price of New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying such New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and the Euro-Dollar exchange rate at the time the Transaction is completed. As a result, the value of the merger consideration that Grubhub Stockholders will receive upon Completion could be greater than, less than or the same as the value of the merger consideration on the date of this proxy statement/prospectus or at the time of the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting.
Q:
What is an American depositary share?
A:
An American depositary share, or ADS, represents a specified number of securities of a non-U.S. company deposited with a custodian bank. Each New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS will represent one-fifth of one
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New Just Eat Takeaway.com Share. New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs will be issued in book-entry form or will be issued in certificated form, in which case they will be evidenced by American depositary receipts, or ADRs. The New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs will be issued pursuant to the terms of the deposit agreement.
Q:
What are the important differences between a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share and a New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS?
A:
While each New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS will represent one-fifth of one Just Eat Takeaway.com Share, there are some differences between these two securities. These differences include:
New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs will trade in U.S. dollars, while Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares trade in euro on Euronext Amsterdam and Just Eat Takeaway.com CDIs trade in pounds sterling on the London Stock Exchange;
dividends paid in respect of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs will be paid in U.S. dollars following conversion from euro by the depositary bank, while dividends paid in respect of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares listed on Euronext Amsterdam will be paid in euro and dividends paid in respect of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares listed on the London Stock Exchange will be paid in pounds sterling, and as a result certain dividends will be subject to currency fluctuations;
cash dividends paid in respect of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs will be subject to a fee of up to $0.05 per New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS while no such fee is payable by Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders;
prior to or at Completion, all New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs will be listed on Nasdaq while Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares are listed on Euronext Amsterdam and the London Stock Exchange;
holders of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs vote the underlying New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares by instructing the depositary bank how to vote the corresponding New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, while Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders vote directly at any General Meeting;
certain shareholders’ rights, such as the right to propose resolutions or the right to convene a General Meeting, may not be exercised by New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS holders unless they first convert their New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs into Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares; and
Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders are entitled to receive mailed copies of proxy materials and documents from Just Eat Takeaway.com, while, in lieu of distributing such materials, the depositary bank may distribute to holders of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs instructions on how to retrieve such materials upon request.
A holder of a New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS may at any time exchange such holder’s New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS for Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, subject to certain limitations. See “—Can I elect to receive Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares instead of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs?” beginning on page 6 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
For a more detailed discussion about Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, see “Description of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares” and “Description of Just Eat Takeaway.com American Depositary Shares” beginning on pages 271 and 278, respectively, of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Q:
Will the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs issued to Grubhub Stockholders at the time of Completion be listed on an exchange?
A:
Yes. It is a condition to Completion that the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs to be issued to Grubhub Stockholders in the Transaction be approved for listing on the NYSE or Nasdaq, subject to official notice of issuance. It is also a condition to Completion that the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying such New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs be approved for (i) admission to the premium listing segment of the Official List of the FCA and to trading on the London Stock Exchange’s main market for listed securities and (ii) listing and trading on Euronext Amsterdam, in each case to the extent any Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares are then listed on such exchange, subject only to the issuance of such New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares upon Completion.
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Q:
Can I sell the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs that I receive in the Transaction?
A:
Yes, so long as there is sufficient market demand for the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs. The New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs being issued in the Transaction will be transferable (subject to applicable restrictions under the U.S. securities laws) and will be registered with the SEC. It is a condition to Completion that the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs being issued in the Transaction be approved for listing on the NYSE or Nasdaq, subject to official notice of issuance. However, following Completion, there can be no assurance that the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs will continue to satisfy the listing requirements of Nasdaq or that a trading market in the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs will develop or exist at any time. Further, no prediction can be made regarding the liquidity of any such market or the prices at which the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs may trade at any point in time.
Q:
Can I elect to receive Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares instead of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs?
A:
No. The merger consideration only consists of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs. In connection with Completion, all Grubhub Stockholders will only be entitled to receive New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and may not elect to receive Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares in lieu of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs. However, once New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs are issued to you, you will have the right to convert those New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs into Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, subject to the payment of any fees charged by the depositary bank relating to such conversion of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs into Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares. Once you hold Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, you may continue to hold Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or you may sell those Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares on the London Stock Exchange or Euronext Amsterdam.
Upon Just Eat Takeaway.com’s reasonable determination Just Eat Takeaway.com may, or upon Grubhub’s reasonable request to the extent reasonably practicable, Just Eat Takeaway.com will permit (but not obligate) Grubhub Stockholders to elect to receive a number of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares (or Just Eat Takeaway.com CDIs) equal to the exchange ratio for each outstanding Grubhub Share in lieu of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs issuable as the merger consideration.
For a more detailed discussion about the conversion of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs into Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and the fees and charges that may be charged by the depositary bank in relation to the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, see “Description of Just Eat Takeaway.com American Depositary Shares—Deposit, Withdrawal and Cancellation” and “Description of Just Eat Takeaway.com American Depositary Shares—Fees and Expenses” beginning on pages 279 and 283, respectively, of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Q:
If I am a Grubhub Stockholder, how will I receive the merger consideration to which I am entitled?
A:
After receiving any requisite documentation from you, following Completion, the exchange agent will mail to you (1) a statement reflecting the whole number of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs you have the right to receive as merger consideration and (2) a check for the cash portion of any cash in lieu of fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and dividends to which you are entitled. If you hold your Grubhub Shares in certificated form, you will need to surrender your certificates for such Grubhub Shares to the exchange agent to receive the merger consideration which you are entitled to receive. For additional information about the exchange of Grubhub Shares for the merger consideration, see “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Exchange of Shares in the Mergers” beginning on page 118 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Q:
Is the obligation of each of Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub to complete the Transaction subject to any conditions?
A:
Yes. The obligation of each of Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub to complete the Transaction is subject to the satisfaction or, to the extent legally permissible, waiver on or prior to the first effective time of the following Conditions:
receipt of (i) the approval by the Grubhub Stockholders of the Merger Agreement proposal (the “Grubhub Stockholder Approval”) and (ii) Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder approval of (a) the resolution to pursue the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement under Section 2:107a of the Dutch Civil Code, (b) delegation of authority to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board to
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issue the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and (c) the terms of the Merger Agreement, in each case, by a majority of the votes validly cast by Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders at a General Meeting of Just Eat Takeaway.com (clauses (a), (b) and (c) together, the “Just Eat Takeaway.com Transaction Approvals”) (On 7 October 2020, Just Eat Takeaway.com held an Extraordinary General Meeting and obtained the Just Eat Takeaway.com Transaction Approvals.);
binding nominations for the appointment of the Grubhub Management Board nominee and the Grubhub Supervisory Board nominees not having been overruled by more than half of the votes validly cast, such number of votes representing more than one-third of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s issued share capital, at a General Meeting of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders (the “Just Eat Takeaway.com Board Nominee Approval” and, together with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Transaction Approvals, the “Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder Approval”) (On 7 October 2020, Just Eat Takeaway.com held an Extraordinary General Meeting and obtained the Just Eat Takeaway.com Board Nominee Approval.);
the expiration or termination of the applicable waiting period under the HSR Act (the “HSR Condition”), satisfaction of the condition relating to the UK Competition and Markets Authority (the “CMA”) (the “CMA Condition”) and receipt of written notification from CFIUS indicating the Transaction is not subject to review or such review has concluded without unresolved national security concerns or, if CFIUS has referred review of the Transaction to the President of the United States, receipt of notice from the President of the United States of their determination not to suspend or prohibit the Transaction or expiration of the applicable waiting period without any determination by the President of the United States (Pursuant to the requirements of the HSR Act, Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub filed Notification and Report Forms with respect to the Transaction with the FTC and DOJ on 24 June 2020 and requested early termination of the HSR Act waiting period. The FTC granted early termination of the HSR Act waiting period on 7 July 2020, thereby satisfying the HSR Condition. On 24 June 2020, Just Eat Takeaway.com filed a briefing paper with the CMA. On 2 July 2020, in response to the briefing paper, the CMA indicated that it had no further questions as of such date regarding the Transaction, thereby satisfying the CMA Condition. On 21 July 2020, Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub filed the joint voluntary notice with CFIUS. Approval from CFIUS was received on 3 September 2020. As a result of the foregoing, all regulatory approvals required for Completion have been obtained.);
the absence of any legal restraints that prevent, make illegal or prohibit Completion;
the approval for listing of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs issuable as the merger consideration on the NYSE or Nasdaq (subject to official notice of issuance);
the approval for admission of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares to (1) listing on the UK Official List and to trading on the London Stock Exchange’s main market for listed securities and (2) listing and trading on Euronext Amsterdam, in each case to the extent any Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares are then listed on such exchange;
effectiveness (1) declared by the SEC of the registration statement filed on Form F-4 of which this proxy statement/prospectus forms a part, (2) declared by the SEC of the registration statement on Form F-6 and (3) of the registration statement on Form 8-A (and the absence of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of such registration statements or any proceedings seeking such a stop order);
the approval of the European Prospectus by the AFM and the FCA, in each case if then applicable, and if then applicable, the AFM’s approval of such European Prospectus having been notified to the FCA in accordance with applicable rules and regulations;
accuracy of the representations and warranties made in the Merger Agreement by the other parties, subject to certain exceptions;
performance by the other parties in all material respects of all obligations required to be performed by them under the Merger Agreement that are required to be performed on or prior to Completion; and
the absence of a material adverse effect on Just Eat Takeaway.com or Grubhub, respectively, since the date of the Merger Agreement.
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For a more complete summary of the conditions that must be satisfied (or, to the extent legally permissible, waived) prior to Completion, see “The Merger Agreement—Conditions to the Mergers” beginning on page 166 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Q:
What will happen if the Merger Agreement is not adopted at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting or the other proposals to be considered at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting are not approved?
A:
As a condition to Completion, the Merger Agreement must be adopted by holders of a majority of the Grubhub Shares entitled to vote as of the Grubhub record date. The Transaction will not be completed if the Merger Agreement is not adopted at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting.
Completion is not conditioned or dependent upon the approval of the non-binding compensation proposal or the approval of the adjournment proposal.
Q:
What happens if the Transaction is not completed?
A:
If the Transaction is not completed for any reason, Grubhub Stockholders will not receive consideration for their Grubhub Shares under the Merger Agreement and Grubhub will remain an independent public company with Grubhub Shares being listed on the NYSE. Upon a termination of the Merger Agreement, under certain circumstances, a termination fee of $144 million may be payable to either Grubhub or Just Eat Takeaway.com. For more information on the fee that may be payable upon termination of the Merger Agreement, see “The Merger Agreement—Expenses and Termination Fees” beginning on page 169 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Q:
Are Grubhub Stockholders entitled to seek appraisal rights if they do not vote in favor of the adoption of the Merger Agreement?
A:
No. In accordance with the DGCL, which governs the Transaction, as well as under the Grubhub certificate of incorporation and Grubhub bylaws, no appraisal rights are available to Grubhub Stockholders in connection with the Transaction.
Q:
Is the Transaction expected to be taxable to Grubhub Stockholders?
A:
Grubhub has received an opinion from Kirkland & Ellis LLP to the effect that the Transaction (1) will qualify as a “reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368(a)(1)(A) and Section 368(a)(2)(D) of the Code and (2) will not result in gain being recognized under Section 367(a)(1) of the Code (other than for any Grubhub Stockholder that would be a “five-percent transferee shareholder” (within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.367(a)-3(c)(5)(ii)) of Just Eat Takeaway.com following the Transaction that does not enter into a five year gain recognition agreement pursuant to Treasury Regulations Section 1.367(a)-8(c)). If the Transaction so qualifies, and provided, as described below, that the fair market value of Just Eat Takeaway.com, at the time of the Transaction, equals or exceeds the fair market value of Grubhub, as specially determined for purposes of Section 367(a) of the Code, then the Transaction will have the following U.S. federal income tax consequences to you if you are a U.S. holder:
The exchange of Grubhub Shares for New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs in the Transaction will not result in the recognition of any gain or loss with respect to your Grubhub Shares (except with respect to cash received in lieu of a fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS, as discussed below).
The aggregate tax basis of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs (including any fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS deemed received and redeemed or sold as discussed below) received by you in the Transaction will be the same as the aggregate tax basis of the Grubhub Shares surrendered in exchange therefor.
The holding period for New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs (including a fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS deemed received and redeemed or sold as discussed below) that you receive in the Transaction will include the holding period of the Grubhub Shares you exchanged for such New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs.
Because Just Eat Takeaway.com will not issue any fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs in the Transaction (for avoidance of doubt, other than any fractional shares deemed to be issued and then
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redeemed or sold), if you exchange Grubhub Shares in the Transaction and would otherwise have received a fraction of a New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS, you will receive cash. In such a case, you will be treated as having received a fractional share and having received such cash in redemption of the fractional share. The amount of any capital gain or loss you recognize will equal the amount of cash received with respect to the fractional share less the ratable portion of the tax basis of the Grubhub Shares surrendered that is allocated to the fractional share. Capital gain or loss will generally be long-term capital gain or loss if your holding period in the Grubhub Shares is more than one year on the date of Completion. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations.
If you have differing bases or holding periods in respect of your Grubhub Shares, you must determine the bases and holding periods in the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs received in the Transaction separately for each identifiable block (that is, stock of the same class acquired at the same time for the same price) of Grubhub Shares you exchange.
A Grubhub Stockholder will not be subject to Dutch dividend withholding tax with respect to the exchange of Grubhub Shares for New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs pursuant to the mergers and cash payments in lieu of fractional entitlements to New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs received as part of the mergers. Any dividends or other distributions declared or made by Just Eat Takeaway.com to Grubhub Stockholders pursuant to the Merger Agreement or following the exchange of Grubhub Shares for New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs may be subject to Dutch dividend withholding tax.
Please carefully review the information under “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences” and “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Material Dutch Tax Consequences” beginning on pages 107 and 112, respectively, of this proxy statement/prospectus for a discussion of the material U.S. federal income tax and material Dutch tax consequences for Grubhub Stockholders of the Transaction and the material U.S. federal income tax and material Dutch tax consequences of the holding and disposal of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares following the mergers. The tax consequences to you will depend on your own situation. We urge you to consult your tax advisors as to the specific tax consequences to you of the Transaction and your receipt of the merger consideration, including the application and effect of any local, income and other tax laws of the ownership and disposition of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares.
Q:
What will happen to outstanding Grubhub equity awards in the Transaction?
A:
In connection with the Transaction, each option that represents the right to acquire Grubhub Shares (each, a “Grubhub option”) that is outstanding immediately prior to the first effective time, whether or not then vested or exercisable, will, at the first effective time, be converted into an option to acquire Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs (each, an “assumed option”). The number of Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs underlying each assumed option will equal the product of (i) the number of Grubhub Shares subject to such Grubhub option as of immediately prior to the first effective time and (ii) the exchange ratio divided by the ADS ratio, rounded down to the nearest number of whole Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs. The exercise price per share of each assumed option will be equal to (x) the exercise price per share of the corresponding Grubhub option divided by (y) the exchange ratio divided by the ADS ratio, rounded up to the nearest whole cent. Each assumed option will otherwise be subject to the other terms and conditions that applied to the corresponding Grubhub option immediately prior to the first effective time.
In addition, each restricted stock unit award with respect to Grubhub Shares (each, a “Grubhub RSU”) that is outstanding immediately prior to the first effective time, will, at the first effective time, be converted into a restricted stock unit with respect to a number of Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs (each, an “assumed RSU”) equal to the product of (i) the number of Grubhub Shares subject to such Grubhub RSU immediately prior to the first effective time and (ii) the exchange ratio divided by the ADS ratio, rounded to the nearest number of whole Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs. Each assumed RSU will otherwise be subject to other same terms and conditions that applied to the corresponding Grubhub RSU immediately prior to the first effective time.
Just Eat Takeaway.com may substitute Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares for Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs as the security underlying the assumed options or assumed RSUs. In such case, the number of Just Eat
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Takeaway.com Shares underlying such assumed options or assumed RSUs will equal the product of (i) the number of Grubhub Shares subject to such Grubhub option or Gruhhub RSU as of immediately prior to the first effective time and (ii) the exchange ratio, rounded down to the nearest number of whole Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares in the case of assumed options or rounded to the nearest number of whole Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares in the case of assumed RSUs, and the exercise price per share of each assumed option will be equal to (x) the exercise price per share of the corresponding Grubhub option divided by (y) the exchange ratio, rounded up to the nearest whole cent. Upon the exercise of an assumed option or settlement of an assumed RSU, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying such assumed options or assumed RSUs, as applicable, may be deposited in Stichting Administratiekantoor Takeaway.com (the “STAK”). The STAK will hold such Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares on behalf of the former holder of the assumed option or assumed RSU, as applicable, and will exercise all voting rights with respect to such Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares. The former holder will receive one depository receipt of the STAK (a “STAK depository receipt”), for each deposited Just Eat Takeaway.com Share. Each STAK depository receipt will entitle the holder thereof to all economic benefits of the underlying Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and, subject to any blackout or restrictions under applicable law, entitle such holder to direct the STAK to sell the underlying Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and transfer the proceeds to such holder. If Just Eat Takeaway.com does not elect to deposit the underlying Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares into the STAK, such awards will be settled in Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares. The determination of whether to settle the assumed awards in Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or STAK depository receipts will be made by Just Eat Takeaway.com in its sole discretion, provided that Just Eat Takeaway.com acts reasonably in making such determination. As of the date of this proxy statement/prospectus, Just Eat Takeaway.com intends on settling Grubhub assumed awards in STAK depository receipts.
See “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Treatment of Grubhub Equity Awards” beginning on page 119 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Q:
When and where will the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting be held?
A:
Due to health and safety concerns resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting will be held exclusively in a virtual format on       2021 at       a.m. (Central Time). Grubhub has adopted a virtual format for the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting to make participation accessible for Grubhub Stockholders from any geographic location with Internet connectivity. Grubhub Stockholders who attend the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting will be afforded the same rights and opportunities to participate as they would at an in-person meeting. You are entitled to attend and participate in the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting only if you were a Grubhub Stockholder of record as of the close of business on       2021, the record date for the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting (the “Grubhub record date”), or hold a valid proxy of such Grubhub Stockholder for the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting. To be admitted to the stockholder portion of the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting at www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/GRUB2021SM, you must enter the 16-digit control number found on your proxy card or voting instruction form. Please note that you will not be able to attend the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting in person.
Q:
Who is entitled to vote at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting?
A:
Only Grubhub Stockholders of record as of the Grubhub record date, the close of business on       2021, or those holding a valid proxy of such a Grubhub Stockholder for the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, are entitled to vote at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting and any adjournment thereof. As of the close of business on the Grubhub record date, there were       Grubhub Shares outstanding, held by       holders of record. Each Grubhub Share is entitled to one vote.
A complete list of Grubhub Stockholders of record entitled to vote at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting will be available for inspection at the principal place of business of Grubhub at 111 W. Washington Street, Suite 2100, Chicago, Illinois 60602 during regular business hours for a period of no less than 10 days before the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting. If Grubhub’s headquarters are closed for health and safety reasons related to COVID-19 during such period, the list of Grubhub Stockholders will be made available for inspection upon request via e-mail to      , subject to Grubhub’s satisfactory verification of stockholder status. The list of Grubhub Stockholders will also be made available online during the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting at the Grubhub meeting website.
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Q:
What is the deadline for voting my Grubhub Shares?
A:
If you hold Grubhub Shares as the Grubhub Stockholder of record, your vote by written proxy must be received before the polls close at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting. The Internet and telephone voting facilities for eligible Grubhub Stockholders of record will close at 11:59 p.m. (Eastern Time), on       2021. Proxies that are mailed must be received prior to the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting. If you hold shares beneficially in “street name” with a broker, bank, trustee or other nominee, please follow the voting instructions provided by your broker, bank, trustee or other nominee.
Q:
Who may attend the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting?
A:
Attendance at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting will be limited to those persons who were Grubhub Stockholders of record as of the Grubhub record date or hold a valid proxy for the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting. To attend online and participate in the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, you will need to use the 16-digit control number found on your proxy card or voting instruction form to log into www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/GRUB2021SM. You cannot attend the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting physically.
The Grubhub Stockholder Meeting will begin on       2021 at       a.m. (Central Time). Grubhub encourages you to access the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting shortly prior to the start time to allow time for online check-in. Grubhub has worked to offer the same participation opportunities as would be provided at an in-person meeting while further enhancing the online experience available to all Grubhub Stockholders regardless of their location. However, please be aware that you must bear any costs associated with your Internet access, such as usage charges from Internet access providers and telephone companies. If you experience technical difficulties during the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, you should call the technical support phone number provided when you log in to the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting.
Q:
What constitutes a quorum for the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting?
A:
A quorum of Grubhub Stockholders is necessary to hold a valid meeting. A majority of the Grubhub Shares outstanding on the Grubhub record date and entitled to vote on each matter considered at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, present via the Grubhub meeting website or represented by proxy, will constitute a quorum. If a quorum is not present, no business can be transacted at that time, and the meeting will be continued, adjourned or postponed to a later date.
A Grubhub Stockholder’s instruction to vote “against” a proposal or “abstain” from a proposal will be counted as present for purposes of determining quorum. Grubhub Shares held in “street name” will be counted as present for the purpose of determining the existing of quorum so long as the holder of such Grubhub Share has given their broker, bank, trustee or other nominee voting instructions on at least one of the proposals to be brought before the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting. The proposals for consideration at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting are considered “non-routine” matters under NYSE rules, and, therefore, brokers, banks, trustees or other nominees are not permitted to vote on any of the matters to be considered at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting if they have not received instructions from the applicable Grubhub Stockholder. As a result, a Grubhub Stockholder’s Grubhub Shares will not be counted as present for the purpose of determining the existence of a quorum if no instructions have been provided on how to vote on any such proposals. See “—What is a ‘broker non-vote’?” and “—What is an abstention and how will abstentions be treated?” each beginning on page 14 of this proxy/statement prospectus for an explanation of broker non-votes and abstentions. Grubhub Shares with respect to which the beneficial owner otherwise fails to vote will not be deemed present at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting for the purpose of determining the presence of a quorum.
Subject to the provisions of the DGCL, at any adjourned meeting at which a quorum is present, any business may be transacted that might have been transacted at the original meeting. The Grubhub Stockholders present at a duly constituted meeting may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough Grubhub Stockholders to leave less than a quorum.
Q:
Who will bear the cost of soliciting votes for the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting?
A:
Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub will each bear their own costs related to the Transaction, the retention of any information agent or other service provider in connection with the Transaction and the fulfillment of
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their obligations pursuant to the Merger Agreement in connection with this proxy statement/prospectus, including the obligation of Grubhub to cause the printing and mailing of this document. This proxy solicitation is being made by Grubhub on behalf of the Grubhub Board. Grubhub has hired Innisfree M&A Incorporated, a proxy solicitation firm, to assist in the solicitation of proxies, and will pay Innisfree M&A Incorporated a fee of approximately $30,000, plus certain costs associated with additional services, if required. In addition to this mailing, proxies may be solicited by Innisfree M&A Incorporated, directors, officers or employees of Just Eat Takeaway.com or Grubhub or their respective affiliates in person, by mail, by telephone or by electronic transmission. None of the directors, officers or employees of Just Eat Takeaway.com or Grubhub will be directly compensated for such services.
Q:
What is the difference between a “stockholder of record” and a “street name” holder?
A:
If your Grubhub Shares are registered directly in your name with Grubhub’s transfer agent, American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, then you are considered, with respect to those Grubhub Shares, a “stockholder of record.” If your Grubhub Shares are held in an account at a brokerage firm, bank, broker-dealer, trust or other similar organization, you are considered the beneficial owner of Grubhub Shares held in “street name.”
Q:
How do I vote if I am a Grubhub Stockholder of record?
A:
Grubhub Stockholders of record as of the Grubhub record date may have their Grubhub Shares voted by submitting a proxy or may vote at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting by following the instructions and entering the control number provided on their proxy card. Grubhub recommends that Grubhub Stockholders entitled to vote submit a proxy by 11:59 p.m. (Eastern Time), on       2021, even if they plan to attend the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting.
If you are a Grubhub Stockholder of record, there are three ways to vote by proxy or you may vote at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting:
By Internet: Grubhub Stockholders of record may submit their proxy over the Internet by following the instructions on the enclosed proxy card. Internet voting is available 24 hours a day and will be accessible until 11:59 p.m. (Eastern Time), on       2021. Grubhub Stockholders of record who submit a proxy via the Internet should NOT send in their proxy card by mail.
By Telephone: Grubhub Stockholders of record may submit their proxy by calling the toll-free number listed on the enclosed proxy card. Telephone voting is available 24 hours a day and will be accessible until 11:59 p.m. (Eastern Time), on       2021. Grubhub Stockholders of record who submit a proxy by telephone should NOT send in their proxy card by mail.
By Mail: Grubhub Stockholders of record may submit their proxy by properly completing, signing, dating and mailing the enclosed proxy card in the postage-paid envelope (if mailed in the United States) provided. Grubhub Stockholders of record who vote this way should mail the proxy card early enough so that it is received before the date of the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting.
At the Virtual Special Meeting: All Grubhub Stockholders of record may vote online during the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting via the Internet at www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/GRUB2021SM. You may cast your vote electronically during the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting using the 16-digit control number found on your proxy card.
The Internet and telephone voting facilities for eligible Grubhub Stockholders of record will close at 11:59 p.m. (Eastern Time) on       2021. Proxies that are mailed must be received prior to the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting. The giving of a telephonic or Internet proxy will not affect your right to vote at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting should you choose to attend. If you choose to attend the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, you will have the ability to change your vote.
Q:
How do I vote if my Grubhub Shares are held in “street name”?
A:
If your Grubhub Shares are held in “street name” through a broker, bank, trustee or nominee, you will receive instructions on how to vote from your broker, bank, trustee or nominee. You must follow those instructions in order for your Grubhub Shares to be voted. If you hold your Grubhub Shares in “street name” and you have not received a voting instruction form, please contact the broker, bank, trustee or other
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nominee that holds your Grubhub Shares of record as soon as possible so that you can be provided with a voting instruction form. If your Grubhub Shares are not registered in your own name and you would like to vote your Grubhub Shares online at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, you must receive a voting instruction form with a 16-digit control number and obtain a valid “legal proxy” from the broker, bank, trustee or nominee that holds your Grubhub Shares giving you the right to vote the Grubhub Shares at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting. If you do not have a control number, please contact your broker, bank, trustee or other nominee so that you can be provided with a control number.
Q:
Can I change my vote or revoke my proxy?
A:
If you are a Grubhub Stockholder of record, you may change your vote or revoke your proxy at any time prior to the final vote at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting by:
granting a new proxy bearing a later date (which automatically revokes the earlier proxy) using any of the methods described above (and until the applicable deadline for each method);
providing written notice of revocation to Grubhub’s Secretary at Grubhub Inc., 111 W. Washington Street, Suite 2100, Chicago, Illinois 60602, prior to your proxy being exercised at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting; or
attending and voting at the virtual Grubhub Stockholder Meeting.
Your most recent vote submitted by proxy card, Internet or telephone, or your vote during the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, is the one that will be counted. Your attendance at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting by itself will not automatically change your vote or revoke your proxy.
For Grubhub Shares you hold beneficially in “street name,” you may change your vote by submitting new voting instructions to your broker, bank, trustee, or nominee following the instructions they provided, or, if you have obtained a “legal proxy” from your broker, bank, trustee, or nominee giving you the right to vote your Grubhub Shares, by attending and voting at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting.
Q:
What will happen if I return my proxy card without indicating how to vote?
A:
If you submit a proxy but do not indicate any voting instructions, the persons named as proxies will vote your Grubhub Shares “FOR” the Merger Agreement proposal, “FOR” the non-binding compensation proposal and “FOR” the adjournment proposal, in accordance with the recommendations of the Grubhub Board.
Q:
What happens if I transfer my Grubhub Shares before the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting?
A:
The Grubhub record date is earlier than the date of the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting and the expected date of Completion. If you transfer your Grubhub Shares after the Grubhub record date but before the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, you will retain your right to vote at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting. However, you will have transferred the right to receive the merger consideration in the Transaction. In order to receive the merger consideration, you must hold your Grubhub Shares through Completion.
Q:
What Grubhub Stockholder vote is required for the adoption of the Merger Agreement, and what happens if I abstain?
A:
Under Delaware law, adoption of the Merger Agreement requires the affirmative vote, in person (which in this case means via virtual attendance at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting) or by proxy, of the holders of a majority of the outstanding Grubhub Shares entitled to vote thereon as of the Grubhub record date. Accordingly, an abstention or a broker non-vote or any other failure of a Grubhub Stockholder to vote will have the same effect as a vote “AGAINST” the Merger Agreement proposal.
Q:
What Grubhub Stockholder vote is required to approve the other matters to be considered at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, and what happens if I abstain?
A:
The following are the vote requirements for the other matters to be considered at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting:
Non-Binding, Advisory Approval of Transaction-Related Named Executive Officer Compensation: Approval of the non-binding compensation proposal requires the affirmative vote of the holders of a
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majority of the votes properly cast at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting by Grubhub Stockholders present via the Grubhub meeting website or represented by proxy and entitled to vote thereon as of the Grubhub record date. For purposes of the non-binding compensation proposal, “votes properly cast” means votes “FOR” or “AGAINST.” Abstentions, broker non-votes and any other failures to vote will have no effect on the outcome of the vote on the non-binding compensation proposal, assuming a quorum is present at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting.
Adjournment of the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting: Approval of the adjournment proposal requires the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the votes properly cast at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting by Grubhub Stockholders present via the Grubhub meeting website or represented by proxy and entitled to vote thereon as of the Grubhub record date. For purposes of the adjournment proposal, “votes properly cast” means votes “FOR” or “AGAINST.” Abstentions, broker non-votes and any other failures to vote will have no effect on the outcome of the vote on the adjournment proposal.
Q:
What is a “broker non-vote”?
A:
If you are a beneficial owner whose Grubhub Shares are held of record by a broker, you must instruct the broker how to vote your Grubhub Shares. Brokers, banks, trustees and other nominees who hold Grubhub Shares in “street name” typically have the authority to vote in their discretion on “routine” proposals when they have not received instructions on how to vote from the beneficial owner. However, brokers, banks, trustees and other nominees typically are not allowed to exercise their voting discretion on matters that are “non-routine” without specific instructions on how to vote from the beneficial owner. Under the current rules of the NYSE, the Merger Agreement proposal, the non-binding compensation proposal and the adjournment proposal are non-routine. Therefore, brokers, banks, trustees and other nominees do not have discretionary authority to vote on the Merger Agreement proposal, the non-binding compensation proposal or the adjournment proposal.
A broker non-vote with respect to Grubhub Shares occurs when (i) a Grubhub Share held by a broker, bank, trustee or other nominee is present or represented at a meeting of Grubhub Stockholders, (ii) the beneficial owner of such Grubhub Share has not instructed his, her or its broker, bank, trustee or other nominee on how to vote on a particular proposal and (iii) the broker, bank, trustee or other nominee does not have discretionary voting power on such proposal. Brokers, banks, trustees and other nominees do not have discretionary voting authority with respect to the Merger Agreement proposal, the non-binding compensation proposal or the adjournment proposal; therefore, if a beneficial owner of Grubhub Shares held in “street name” does not give voting instructions to the broker, bank, trustee or other nominee, then those Grubhub Shares will not be present via the Grubhub meeting website or represented by proxy at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting because, as stated above, broker non-votes will not count toward quorum requirements. As a result, there will not be any broker non-votes at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting.
Q:
What is an abstention and how will abstentions be treated?
A:
An “abstention” represents a stockholder’s affirmative choice to decline to vote on a proposal. Abstentions, though counted for the purposes of determining a quorum, will not be counted as votes cast and will have the same effect as a vote “AGAINST” the Merger Agreement proposal. Abstentions will have no effect on the outcome of the vote on the non-binding compensation proposal (assuming a quorum is present at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting) or the vote on the adjournment proposal (regardless of whether a quorum is present at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting).
Q:
Is my vote important?
A:
Yes, your vote is very important regardless of the number of Grubhub Shares you own. If you do not submit a proxy or vote at the virtual Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, it will be more difficult for Grubhub to obtain the necessary quorum to hold the meeting. In addition, the Transaction cannot be completed without the adoption of the Merger Agreement by holders of a majority of the outstanding Grubhub Shares entitled to vote thereon as of the Grubhub record date.
Whether or not you expect to attend the virtual Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, we urge you to submit a proxy as promptly as possible by (1) accessing the Internet website specified on the enclosed proxy card, (2) calling the toll-free number specified on the enclosed proxy card or (3) marking, signing, dating and
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returning the enclosed proxy card in the postage-paid envelope provided, so that your Grubhub Shares may be represented and voted at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting. If your Grubhub Shares are held in the name of a nominee or intermediary, please follow the instructions on the enclosed voting instruction form furnished by the record holder.
The Grubhub Board recommends that Grubhub Stockholders vote “FOR” the Merger Agreement proposal, “FOR” the non-binding compensation proposal and “FOR” the adjournment proposal. See “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Grubhub’s Purposes and Reasons for the Transaction; Recommendation of the Grubhub Board,” “Grubhub Proposal II: Non-Binding, Advisory Vote on Transaction-Related Named Executive Officer Compensation” and “Grubhub Proposal III: Adjournment of the Special Meeting” beginning on pages 88, 253 and 254, respectively, of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Q:
What do I do if I receive more than one set of voting materials?
A:
You may receive more than one set of voting materials, including multiple copies of this proxy statement/prospectus, the proxy card or the voting instruction form. This can occur if you hold your Grubhub Shares in more than one brokerage account, if you hold Grubhub Shares directly as a record holder and also in “street name,” or otherwise through another record holder, and in certain other circumstances. If you receive more than one set of voting materials, please vote or return each set separately in order to ensure that all of your Grubhub Shares are voted.
Q:
How do I obtain the voting results from the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting?
A:
Preliminary voting results will be announced at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, and will be set forth in a press release that Grubhub intends to issue after the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting. The press release will be available on Grubhub’s website at www.investors.grubhub.com. Final voting results for the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting are expected to be published in a Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC within four business days after the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting. A copy of this Current Report on Form 8-K will be available on Grubhub’s website after its filing with the SEC. The web address of Grubhub has been included as an inactive textual reference only. Grubhub’s website and the information contained therein or connected thereto are not intended to be incorporated into this proxy statement/prospectus.
Q:
What do I need to do now?
A:
After carefully reading and considering the information contained in and incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus, including its annexes, please submit your proxy as promptly as possible, so that your Grubhub Shares may be represented and voted at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting. To vote your Grubhub Shares:
submit your proxy via the Internet or by telephone by following the instructions included on your enclosed proxy card;
sign, date, mark and return the enclosed proxy card in the accompanying postage-paid return envelope; or
attend the virtual Grubhub Stockholder Meeting via the Grubhub meeting website and vote electronically.
The deadline for voting by proxy over the Internet or by telephone for the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting is 11:59 p.m. (Eastern Time), on       2021. Proxies that are mailed must be received prior to the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting. If you hold Grubhub Shares in “street name,” please instruct your nominee or intermediary to vote your Grubhub Shares by following the instructions that the nominee or intermediary provides to you with these materials. Your nominee or intermediary will vote your Grubhub Shares for you only if you provide instructions to it on how to vote. Please refer to the voting instruction card used by your nominee or intermediary to see if you may submit voting instructions using the telephone or Internet.
Q:
Should I send in my Grubhub stock certificates now?
A:
No. If you hold your Grubhub Shares in certificated form, you should not send in your stock certificates at this time. After Completion, the exchange agent will send you a letter of transmittal and instructions for
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exchanging your Grubhub Shares for the merger consideration. See “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Exchange of Shares in the Mergers” beginning on page 118 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Q:
Whom should I call with questions?
A:
If you have any questions about the mergers, the Transaction or the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, or desire additional copies of this proxy statement/prospectus, proxy cards or voting instruction forms, you should contact:

Innisfree M&A Incorporated
501 Madison Avenue, 20th Floor
New York, New York 10022
Stockholders May Call Toll-Free: (877) 717-3936
Banks & Brokers May Call Collect: (212) 750-5833
Q:
Where can I find more information about Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub?
A:
You can find more information about Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub from the various sources described under “Where You Can Find More Information” beginning on page 320 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
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SUMMARY
This summary highlights selected information from this proxy statement/prospectus. It may not contain all of the information that is important to you. You are urged to read this entire proxy statement/prospectus and the other documents referred to or incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus in order to fully understand the Transaction and the Merger Agreement. See “Where You Can Find More Information” beginning on page 320 of this proxy statement/prospectus. Each item in this summary refers to the beginning page of this proxy statement/prospectus on which that subject is discussed in more detail.
The Companies (See page 139)
Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V.
Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. (“Just Eat Takeaway.com”) is the parent company of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, a leading global online food delivery marketplace outside of China in terms of GMV, connecting millions of consumers in the United Kingdom, Germany, Canada, the Netherlands and the Rest of the World, composed of Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Denmark, France, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Spain and Switzerland, with approximately 244,000 local restaurants listed on its platforms as of 31 December 2020. While the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s core business model is to collaborate with restaurants that perform their own delivery, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group also provides proprietary restaurant delivery services for restaurants that do not deliver themselves.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s operations commenced in 2000 with one of the world’s first online food delivery marketplaces, www.thuisbezorgd.nl, in the Netherlands and expanded into over 40 cities in the Netherlands by 2007. Beginning in 2007, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group began to expand into new geographical markets through the organic growth of its then-existing services, entering the market for online food delivery in Belgium and Germany in that year, followed by additional markets including Austria (2008) and Switzerland (2014). In 2012, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group engaged in its first external equity fundraising round primarily in order to finance this continued growth and strengthen its activities in the Netherlands and Belgium. In 2016, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group started offering its own logistical food delivery services in select cities in strategic markets to target those restaurants that do not currently offer their own logistical food delivery services (“Delivery”).
In addition to organic geographical expansion and growth, acquisitions have facilitated the geographical expansion and enhanced the overall scale of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s business, in particular the acquisition of Delivery Hero Germany GmbH and Foodora GmbH, which operated the Lieferheld, Pizza.de and Foodora brands in Germany, from Delivery Hero in 2019 and the combination with Just Eat in 2020. These transactions supported the strategic aims both in individual markets and by acquiring or enhancing positions in certain of the world’s largest markets in food delivery, which have been used to further support investment across the whole of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group further believes in the rapid integration of its acquired businesses and their operations within the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group organization, implementing the “One Company, One Brand, One IT Platform” approach, which it believes is the most efficient and effective way to operate an online food delivery business.
Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares are listed on the LSE under the trading symbol “JET.” Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares also have a listing on Euronext Amsterdam under the trading symbol “TKWY.” In connection with the Just Eat Acquisition, Just Eat Takeaway.com previously announced its intention to apply for delisting of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares from Euronext Amsterdam, such delisting to become effective as soon as possible under applicable Dutch law and the rules, regulations and announcements of Euronext Amsterdam N.V. However, in light of the enlarged and more globalized investor base that Just Eat Takeaway.com will have following Completion, Just Eat Takeaway.com is conducting a review to determine the optimal listing venues for its long term future and intends to delay any decision on the structure of its listing venues whilst it completes this review. Therefore, Just Eat Takeaway.com no longer intends to delist the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares from Euronext Amsterdam as soon as possible, and Just Eat Takeaway.com will remain listed on Euronext Amsterdam until a further decision has been made.
Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares trade in the form of unsponsored ADRs in the United States. The currently outstanding Just Eat Takeaway.com ADRs are traded over the counter with certain depositary banks. None of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s securities are currently listed on any U.S. securities exchange or registered pursuant to the securities laws of the United States.
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Just Eat Takeaway.com’s address is at Oosterdoksstraat 80, NL-1011 DK Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and its telephone number is +31 (0)20 210 7000. Just Eat Takeaway.com’s website address is justeattakeaway.com. The web address of Just Eat Takeaway.com has been included as an inactive textual reference only. Just Eat Takeaway.com’s website and the information contained therein or connected thereto are not intended to be incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus.
Checkers Merger Sub I, Inc.
Checkers Merger Sub I, Inc. (“Merger Sub I”) is a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Just Eat Takeaway.com. Merger Sub I was incorporated on 9 June 2020, solely for the purpose of effecting the Transaction. It has not carried on any activities to date, except for activities incidental to its formation and activities undertaken in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement. Merger Sub I’s principal executive offices, as well as its registered office in the State of Delaware, are located at 251 Little Falls Drive, Wilmington, DE 19808, County of New Castle, State of Delaware, United States.
Checkers Merger Sub II, Inc.
Checkers Merger Sub II, Inc. (“Merger Sub II”) is a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Just Eat Takeaway.com. Merger Sub II was incorporated on 9 June 2020, solely for the purpose of effecting the Transaction. It has not carried on any activities to date, except for activities incidental to its formation and activities undertaken in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement. Merger Sub II’s principal executive offices, as well as its registered office in the State of Delaware, are located at 251 Little Falls Drive, Wilmington, DE 19808, County of New Castle, State of Delaware, United States.
Grubhub Inc.
Grubhub Inc. (“Grubhub”) is the parent company of the Grubhub Group, a leading online and mobile platform for restaurant pick-up and delivery orders in the United States (as measured by the data analytics firm Second Measure), which Grubhub refers to collectively as takeout. Grubhub connects more than 300,000 restaurants, of which more than 265,000 are partnered restaurants, with hungry diners in thousands of cities across the United States and is focused on transforming the takeout experience. For restaurants, Grubhub generates higher margin takeout orders at full menu prices. The Grubhub platform empowers diners with a “direct line” into the kitchen, avoiding the inefficiencies, inaccuracies and frustrations associated with paper menus and phone orders. In many markets, Grubhub also provides delivery services to restaurants on its platform that do not have their own delivery options. As of 31 December 2020, Grubhub was providing delivery services in more than 460 core-based statistical areas, including some of the largest across the United States.
Grubhub was founded in 2004 and, on 8 August 2013, expanded through the merger of Grubhub with Seamless Holdings Corporation and Seamless North America, LLC, which enabled Grubhub to expand its marketplace, connecting diners in the geographies it serves with more restaurants, and also to eliminate duplicative expenses and take advantage of a complementary geographic footprint. Grubhub’s growth strategy has continued to include the pursuit of expansion opportunities in existing and new markets, as well as in core and adjacent categories, through strategic acquisitions and partnerships. Grubhub’s recent acquisitions include its 2017 acquisitions of Eat24, LLC, a provider of online and mobile food-ordering services for U.S. restaurants, and substantially all assets and certain specified liabilities of A&D Network Solutions, Inc. and Dashed, Inc., a food-ordering company headquartered in Boston, and its 2018 acquisitions of Tapingo Ltd., a platform for campus food ordering with direct integration into college meal plans and point of sale systems, SCVNGR, Inc. d/b/a LevelUp, a provider of mobile diner engagement and payment solutions for national and regional restaurant brands, and OrderUp, Inc., an online mobile food-ordering company.
Grubhub’s primary products and services include access to its platform through mobile applications and websites; a corporate program that helps businesses address inefficiencies in food ordering and associated billing; delivery services offered to restaurants in many of its markets; Grubhub for Restaurants, a responsive web application that allows restaurants to electronically receive and display orders and facilitates order management; technology and fulfillment services including order transmission, customer relationship management tools such as loyalty programs, fully integrated online and in-store ordering solutions, customer support, and functional analytics; point of sale integrations for restaurants and turnkey website and mobile application design and hosting services for restaurants in its network.
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Grubhub was incorporated in the state of Delaware on 20 May 2013, and its common stock is listed on the NYSE under the trading symbol “GRUB.” Grubhub’s principal executive offices are located at 111 W. Washington Street, Suite 2100, Chicago, Illinois, and its telephone number is (877) 585-7878. Grubhub’s website is www.grubhub.com. The web address of Grubhub has been included as an inactive textual reference only. Grubhub’s website and the information contained therein or connected thereto are not intended to be incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus.
Special Meeting (See page 141)
General
Due to health and safety concerns resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting will be held exclusively in a virtual format at www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/GRUB2021SM, on       2021, at       a.m. (Central Time). At the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, Grubhub Stockholders will be asked to vote on the approval of the Merger Agreement proposal. In addition, Grubhub Stockholders will be asked to vote on the approval of the non-binding compensation proposal and on the approval of the adjournment proposal.
The approval of the Merger Agreement proposal by Grubhub Stockholders is a condition to the obligations of Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub to complete the Transaction. The approval of the non-binding compensation proposal is not a condition to the obligations of Just Eat Takeaway.com or Grubhub to complete the Transaction. The approval of the adjournment proposal also is not a condition to the obligations of Just Eat Takeaway.com or Grubhub to complete the Transaction.
Record Date
The Grubhub Board has fixed the close of business on       2021 (“the Grubhub record date”) for determination of the Grubhub Stockholders entitled to vote at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting and any adjournment or postponement thereof. Only Grubhub Stockholders of record as of the Grubhub record date are entitled to receive notice of, and to vote at, the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof.
As of the Grubhub record date, there were       Grubhub Shares outstanding and entitled to vote at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, held by approximately       holders of record. No Grubhub Shares are owned, directly or indirectly, by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group or any of Grubhub’s subsidiaries. Each Grubhub Share is entitled to one vote. The number of Grubhub Shares you own is reflected on your proxy card.
Quorum
A quorum of Grubhub Stockholders is necessary to hold a valid meeting. A majority of the Grubhub Shares outstanding on the Grubhub record date and entitled to vote at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, present via the Grubhub meeting website or represented by proxy at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, will constitute a quorum. Abstentions will be counted in determining the existence of a quorum. Grubhub Shares held in street name will be counted as present for the purpose of determining the existing of quorum so long as the holder of such Grubhub Share has given their broker, bank, trustee or other nominee voting instructions on at least one of the proposals to be brought before the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting. The proposals for consideration at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting are considered “non-routine” matters under NYSE rules, and, therefore, brokers, banks, trustees or other nominees are not permitted to vote on any of the matters to be considered at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting if they have not received instructions from the applicable Grubhub Stockholder. As a result, a Grubhub Stockholder’s Grubhub Shares will not be counted as present for the purposes of determining the existence of a quorum if no instructions have been provided on how to vote on any such proposals.
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Required Vote
Item
 
Vote Necessary*
Grubhub Proposal I
Adoption of the Merger Agreement
Approval requires the affirmative vote (in person (which in this case means via virtual attendance at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting) or by proxy) of the holders of a majority of all of the outstanding Grubhub Shares entitled to vote thereon as of the Grubhub record date.
 
 
 
Grubhub Proposal II
Non-Binding, Advisory Vote on Transaction-Related Named Executive Officer Compensation
Approval requires the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the votes properly cast by Grubhub Stockholders present via the Grubhub meeting website or represented by proxy and entitled to vote thereon as of the Grubhub record date.
 
 
 
Grubhub Proposal III
Adjournment of the Special Meeting
Approval requires the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the votes properly cast by Grubhub Stockholders present via the Grubhub meeting website or represented by proxy and entitled to vote thereon as of the Grubhub record date.
*
Under the rules of the NYSE, if you hold your Grubhub Shares in street name, your nominee or intermediary may not vote your Grubhub Shares without instructions from you. Without your voting instructions, your Grubhub Shares will not be represented by proxy at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting and, absent your virtual attendance at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, will have the same effect as a vote “AGAINST” Grubhub Proposal I. Abstentions from voting will also have the same effect as a vote “AGAINST” Grubhub Proposal I. A failure to provide voting instructions or abstentions will have no effect on Grubhub Proposal II or Grubhub Proposal III.
Share Ownership of and Voting by Grubhub Directors and Executive Officers
At the Grubhub record date, Grubhub’s directors and executive officers and their affiliates beneficially owned and had the right to vote       Grubhub Shares at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, which represents less than      % of the Grubhub Shares entitled to vote at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting.
Grubhub currently expects that Grubhub’s directors and executive officers will vote their Grubhub Shares “FOR” the adoption of the Merger Agreement, “FOR” the non-binding compensation proposal and “FOR” the adjournment proposal.
The Mergers and the Merger Agreement (See pages 148 and 147)
The Merger Agreement provides that, on the terms and subject to the conditions in the Merger Agreement, and in accordance with the DGCL, Merger Sub I will be merged with and into Grubhub (the “initial merger”), with Grubhub continuing as the surviving company in the initial merger (the “initial surviving company”). Immediately thereafter, the initial surviving company will merge with and into Merger Sub II (the “subsequent merger” and, together with the initial merger, the “mergers”), with Merger Sub II continuing as the surviving company in the subsequent merger (the “final surviving company”). The Transaction will not be completed without the adoption of the Merger Agreement by Grubhub Stockholders.
A copy of the Merger Agreement is attached as Annexes A-1, A-2 and A-3 to this proxy statement/prospectus. You are urged to read the Merger Agreement in its entirety because it is the legal document that governs the Transaction. See “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement” and “The Merger Agreement” beginning on pages 76 and 147, respectively, of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Assuming the satisfaction (or, to the extent legally permissible, waiver) of the conditions to Just Eat Takeaway.com’s and Grubhub’s obligations to complete the Transaction, Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub expect the Transaction to be completed on or about       2021. However, the Transaction is subject to various
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conditions, and it is possible that factors outside the control of Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub could result in the Transaction being completed at a later time, or not at all. An end date of 31 December 2021, after which the parties may terminate the Merger Agreement, has been set for the first effective time.
What Grubhub Stockholders Will Receive in the Transaction (See page 4)
If the initial merger is completed, each Grubhub Share (other than any Grubhub Shares owned by Grubhub, Just Eat Takeaway.com, Merger Sub I, Merger Sub II or any other direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Just Eat Takeaway.com) automatically will be canceled and converted into the right to receive consideration consisting of (1) New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs representing 0.6710 Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares (the “merger consideration”), plus (2) cash in lieu of fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, plus (3) any dividends or other distributions to which such holder is entitled pursuant to the Merger Agreement, and otherwise subject to adjustments to prevent dilution in accordance with the Merger Agreement. Each New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS will represent one-fifth of one Just Eat Takeaway.com Share. For the avoidance of doubt, no fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs will be issued in the Transaction, and Grubhub Stockholders will receive cash in lieu of fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs.
Based on the closing price of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share on Euronext Amsterdam of €98.60 and the Euro-Dollar exchange rate of 1.13585, in each case, on 9 June 2020, the last trading day of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares before the public announcement of the Merger Agreement, the merger consideration represented approximately $75.15 in value per Grubhub Share. Based on the closing price of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share on Euronext Amsterdam of €92.08 and the Euro-Dollar exchange rate of 1.2036, in each case, on 20 April 2021, the most recent practicable trading day prior to the date of this proxy statement/prospectus, the merger consideration represented approximately $74.37 in value for each Grubhub Share. Because the Merger Agreement provides for a fixed number of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying those New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs to be issued as part of the consideration payable in exchange for each Grubhub Share, the value of the merger consideration that Grubhub Stockholders will receive will depend on the market price of New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying such New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and the Euro-Dollar exchange rate at the time the Transaction is completed. As a result, the value of the merger consideration that Grubhub Stockholders will receive upon Completion could be greater than, less than or the same as the value of the merger consideration on the date of this proxy statement/prospectus or at the time of the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting.
Just Eat Takeaway.com’s Purposes and Reasons for the Transaction (See page 87)
For the factors considered by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board in approving the Merger Agreement, see “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Just Eat Takeaway.com’s Purposes and Reasons for the Transaction” beginning on page 87 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Grubhub’s Purposes and Reasons for the Transaction; Recommendation of the Grubhub Board (See page 88)
At a meeting on 10 June 2020, with the assistance of its legal and financial advisors, the Grubhub Board evaluated the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby, including the Transaction, and (i) determined that it was fair to and in the best interest of Grubhub and the Grubhub Stockholders, and declared it advisable, that Grubhub enter into the Merger Agreement and consummate the transactions contemplated thereby, including the Transaction; (ii) adopted the Merger Agreement and approved the execution, delivery and performance by Grubhub of the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby, including the Transaction; (iii) resolved to recommend that the Grubhub Stockholders vote “FOR” the Merger Agreement proposal, “FOR” the non-binding compensation proposal and “FOR” the adjournment proposal; and (iv) directed that the Merger Agreement be submitted to the Grubhub Stockholders for adoption.
The Grubhub Board recommends that Grubhub Stockholders vote “FOR” the Merger Agreement proposal. For the factors considered by the Grubhub Board in reaching this decision, see “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Grubhub’s Purposes and Reasons for the Transaction; Recommendation of the Grubhub Board” beginning on page 88 of this proxy statement/prospectus for a more detailed discussion of the recommendation.
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In addition, the Grubhub Board recommends that Grubhub Stockholders vote “FOR” the non-binding compensation proposal and “FOR” the adjournment proposal. See “Grubhub Proposal II: Non-Binding, Advisory Vote on Transaction-Related Named Executive Officer Compensation” and “Grubhub Proposal III: Adjournment of the Special Meeting” beginning on pages 253 and 254, respectively, of this proxy statement/prospectus for a more detailed discussion of the recommendation.
Opinion of Grubhub’s Financial Advisor (See page 94)
Grubhub retained Evercore as financial advisor to the Grubhub Board in connection with the Transaction. In connection with this engagement, the Grubhub Board requested that Evercore deliver the opinion described below.
Opinion of Grubhub’s Financial Advisor
In February 2020, Grubhub retained Evercore to act as financial advisor to Grubhub and the Grubhub Board in connection with Grubhub’s preparation for potential shareholder activism and to provide strategic and financial advice and assistance in connection with a potential merger or sale of all or a majority of the equity, business or assets of Grubhub. As part of this engagement, Grubhub requested that Evercore evaluate the fairness, from a financial point of view, of the exchange ratio pursuant to the Merger Agreement to the holders of Grubhub Shares, other than any Grubhub Shares owned by Grubhub as treasury stock and any Grubhub Shares owned by Just Eat Takeaway.com, Merger Sub I, Merger Sub II or any other direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Just Eat Takeaway.com (“excluded shares”).
At a meeting of the Grubhub Board held on 10 June 2020, Evercore rendered to the Grubhub Board its opinion to the effect that, as of that date and based upon and subject to the assumptions, limitations, qualifications and conditions described in Evercore’s opinion, the exchange ratio pursuant to the Merger Agreement was fair, from a financial point of view, to the holders of Grubhub Shares, other than excluded shares.
The full text of the written opinion of Evercore, dated 10 June 2020, which sets forth, among other things, the procedures followed, assumptions made, matters considered and qualifications and limitations on the scope of review undertaken in rendering its opinion, is attached as Annex C to this proxy statement/prospectus and is incorporated herein by reference. Grubhub encourages you to read Evercore’s opinion carefully and in its entirety. Evercore’s opinion was addressed to, and provided for the information and benefit of, the Grubhub Board (in its capacity as such) in connection with its evaluation of the Transaction. The opinion does not constitute a recommendation to the Grubhub Board or to any other persons in respect of the Transaction, including as to how any holder of Grubhub Shares should vote or act in respect of the Transaction. Evercore’s opinion does not address the relative merits of the Transaction as compared to other business or financial strategies that might be available to Grubhub, nor does it address the underlying business decision of Grubhub to engage in the Transaction.
Interests of Certain Grubhub Directors and Executive Officers in the Transaction (See page 120)
In considering the recommendation of the Grubhub Board with respect to the Merger Agreement and the Transaction, you should be aware that Grubhub’s directors and executive officers have economic interests in the Transaction that are different from, or in addition to, those of Grubhub Stockholders generally. These interests may create potential conflicts of interest. The Grubhub Board was aware of and considered these interests, among other matters, in evaluating and negotiating the Merger Agreement and the Transaction, and in reaching both its determination that the Transaction is in the best interest of Grubhub and its stockholders, and its decision to approve and declare advisable the Merger Agreement and the Transaction. These material interests include:
the receipt of payments and benefits by executive officers under certain employment arrangements upon a termination without “cause” or for “good reason” (as such terms are defined in “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption Of The Merger Agreement—Treatment of Grubhub Equity Awards—Potential Payments in Connection with the Transaction—Executive Severance Plan” beginning on page 122 of this proxy statement/prospectus) in connection with or following the Transaction;
the accelerated vesting of certain Grubhub equity awards upon a termination without “cause” or for “good reason” in connection with or following the Transaction;
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continued indemnification rights in favor of directors and officers of Grubhub; and
Just Eat Takeaway.com’s agreement to (i) nominate Messrs. Fisher and Frink for appointment to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board, (ii) nominate Mr. Maloney for appointment to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and (iii) propose the approval of a supplement to Just Eat Takeaway.com’s remuneration policy for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board intended to enable Just Eat Takeaway.com to provide Mr. Maloney with a remuneration package generally consistent with his remuneration as chief executive officer of Grubhub (though this supplement was not approved by Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders at the Extraordinary General Meeting held on 7 October 2020; obtaining such approval is not a condition to Completion and, therefore, the failure to approve the supplement does not affect if and when Completion occurs).
See “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Treatment of Grubhub Equity Awards—Interests of Grubhub’s Directors and Executive Officers in the Transaction” and “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Treatment of Grubhub Equity Awards—Outstanding Equity Awards for Grubhub’s Directors and Executive Officers” beginning on pages 120 and 121, respectively, of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board and Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board Following the Transaction (See page 105)
Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, Just Eat Takeaway.com will take all actions necessary to cause (i) the size of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board to be increased by two Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors, to be selected by Grubhub, to be appointed as members of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board upon the first effective time (the “Grubhub Supervisory Board nominees”) and (ii) the size of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board to be increased by one Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Director, selected by Grubhub, to be appointed as member of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board upon the first effective time (the “Grubhub Management Board nominee”), in each case, subject to applicable law, obtaining the necessary approvals by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders of the nomination of the Grubhub Supervisory Board nominees or the Grubhub Management Board nominee, as applicable, and continued service of the Grubhub Supervisory Board nominees or the Grubhub Management Board nominee, as applicable, as directors on the Grubhub Board immediately prior to Completion, and provided that Just Eat Takeaway.com will not be required to take any actions that would result in the resignation of members from, or the appointment of any persons other than the Grubhub Supervisory Board nominees and the Grubhub Management Board nominee to, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board or the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board, as applicable. Grubhub has selected Matthew Maloney to be the Grubhub Management Board nominee and Lloyd Frink and David Fisher to be the Grubhub Supervisory Board nominees. On 7 October 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders adopted the necessary resolutions for the appointment of the Grubhub Supervisory Board nominees to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board and the appointment of the Grubhub Management Board nominee to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board, in each case effective upon Completion and for a term until the end of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s annual General Meeting held in 2021. At Just Eat Takeaway.com’s annual General Meeting for 2021, which is expected to be held on 12 May 2021, it is proposed that each of Messrs. Frink and Fisher be re-appointed as members of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s Supervisory Board and that Mr. Maloney be re-appointed as a member of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s Management Board, in each case effective upon Completion and for a term until the end of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s annual General Meeting to be held in 2022. See “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board and Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board Following the Transaction” on page 105 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Regulatory Approvals for the Mergers (See page 106)
Completion is conditioned upon the expiration or termination of the applicable waiting period under the HSR Act (the “HSR Condition”), satisfaction of the condition relating to the UK Competition and Markets Authority (“CMA”) (the “CMA Condition”) and receipt of written notification from CFIUS indicating the Transaction is not subject to review or such review has concluded without unresolved national security concerns or, if CFIUS has referred review of the Transaction to the President of the United States, receipt of notice from the President of the United States of their determination not to suspend or prohibit the Transaction or expiration of the applicable waiting period without any determination by the President of the United States.
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Pursuant to the requirements of the HSR Act, Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub filed Notification and Report Forms with respect to the Transaction with the FTC and DOJ on 24 June 2020 and requested early termination of the HSR Act waiting period. The FTC granted early termination of the HSR Act waiting period on 7 July 2020, thereby satisfying the HSR Condition. On 24 June 2020, Just Eat Takeaway.com filed a briefing paper with the CMA. On 2 July 2020, in response to the briefing paper, the CMA indicated that it had no further questions as of such date regarding the Transaction, thereby satisfying the CMA Condition. On 21 July 2020, Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub filed the joint voluntary notice with CFIUS. Approval from CFIUS was received on 3 September 2020. As a result of the foregoing, the Conditions related to antitrust and CFIUS approvals required as part of the Conditions have now been satisfied.
See “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Regulatory Approvals for the Mergers” beginning on page 106 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences (See page 107)
Grubhub has received an opinion from Kirkland & Ellis LLP to the effect that the Transaction (1) will qualify as a “reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368(a)(1)(A) and Section 368(a)(2)(D) of the Code and (2) will not result in gain being recognized under Section 367(a)(1) of the Code (other than for any Grubhub Stockholder that would be a “five-percent transferee shareholder” (within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.367(a)-3(c)(5)(ii)) of Just Eat Takeaway.com following the Transaction that does not enter into a five year gain recognition agreement pursuant to Treasury Regulations Section 1.367(a)-8(c)). If the Transaction so qualifies, and provided, as described below, that the fair market value of Just Eat Takeaway.com, at the time of the Transaction, equals or exceeds the fair market value of Grubhub, as specially determined for purposes of Section 367(a) of the Code, then the Transaction will have the following U.S. federal income tax consequences to you if you are a U.S. holder:
The exchange of Grubhub Shares for New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs in the Transaction will not result in the recognition of any gain or loss with respect to your Grubhub Shares (except with respect to cash received in lieu of a fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS, as discussed below).
The aggregate tax basis of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs (including any fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS deemed received and redeemed or sold as discussed below) received by you in the Transaction will be the same as the aggregate tax basis of the Grubhub Shares surrendered in exchange therefor.
The holding period for New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs (including a fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS deemed received and redeemed or sold as discussed below) that you receive in the Transaction will include the holding period of the Grubhub Shares you exchanged for such New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs.
Because Just Eat Takeaway.com will not issue any fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs in the Transaction (for avoidance of doubt, other than any fractional shares deemed to be issued and then redeemed or sold), if you exchange Grubhub Shares in the Transaction and would otherwise have received a fraction of a New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS, you will receive cash. In such a case, you will be treated as having received a fractional share and having received such cash in redemption of the fractional share. The amount of any capital gain or loss you recognize will equal the amount of cash received with respect to the fractional share less the ratable portion of the tax basis of the Grubhub Shares surrendered that is allocated to the fractional share. Capital gain or loss will generally be long-term capital gain or loss if your holding period in the Grubhub Shares is more than one year on the date of Completion. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations.
If you have differing bases or holding periods in respect of your Grubhub Shares, you must determine the bases and holding periods in the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs received in the Transaction separately for each identifiable block (that is, stock of the same class acquired at the same time for the same price) of Grubhub Shares you exchange.
See “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences” beginning on page 107 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
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Material Dutch Tax Consequences (See page 112)
Grubhub Stockholders who exchange their Grubhub Shares for New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs should read “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Material Dutch Tax Consequences” beginning on page 112 of this proxy statement/prospectus for a discussion of the material Dutch tax consequences of the Transaction and the holding and disposal of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares following the mergers. The holders of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs should consult their own tax advisors to determine the tax consequences applicable to them (including the application and effect of any local, income and other tax laws) of the ownership and disposition of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares.
Accounting Treatment (See page 118)
The Transaction will be accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with IFRS 3, Business Combinations (“IFRS 3”). IFRS requires that one of the two companies in the Transaction be designated as the acquirer for accounting purposes based on the evidence available. Just Eat Takeaway.com will be treated as the acquiring entity for accounting purposes. In identifying Just Eat Takeaway.com as the acquiring entity for accounting purposes, Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub took into account (i) the background of the Transaction, (ii) the Merger Agreement, (iii) the anticipated share ownership and voting rights of the Enlarged Group, (iv) the intended corporate governance structure of the Enlarged Group, (v) the designation of certain senior management positions, and (vi) the relative market values, size, and profitability of the combining companies. In assessing the size of each of the companies, Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub management evaluated various metrics, including, but not limited to, revenue, loss before taxation, total assets and market capitalization. No single factor was the sole determinant in the overall conclusion that Just Eat Takeaway.com is the acquirer for accounting purposes; rather, all factors were considered in arriving at such conclusion. Accordingly, Just Eat Takeaway.com will, in accordance with the fair value concepts defined in IFRS 13, Fair Value Measurement (“IFRS 13”), record assets acquired, including identifiable intangible assets, and liabilities assumed from the Grubhub Group at their respective fair values as of the acquisition date, with limited exceptions to this recognition and measurement principle. Any excess of the purchase consideration over the fair value of identifiable net assets acquired is recognized as goodwill. See “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Accounting Treatment” beginning on page 118 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Treatment of Grubhub Equity Awards (See page 119)
In connection with the Transaction, each option that represents the right to acquire Grubhub Shares (each, a “Grubhub option”) that is outstanding immediately prior to the first effective time, whether or not then vested or exercisable, will, at the first effective time, be converted into an option to acquire Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs (each, an “assumed option”). The number of Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs underlying each assumed option will equal the product of (i) the number of Grubhub Shares subject to such Grubhub option as of immediately prior to the first effective time and (ii) the exchange ratio divided by the ADS ratio, rounded down to the nearest number of whole Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs. The exercise price per share of each assumed option will be equal to (x) the exercise price per share of the corresponding Grubhub option divided by (y) the exchange ratio divided by the ADS ratio, rounded up to the nearest whole cent. Each assumed option will otherwise be subject to the other terms and conditions that applied to the corresponding Grubhub option immediately prior to the first effective time.
In addition, each restricted stock unit award with respect to Grubhub Shares (each, a “Grubhub RSU”) that is outstanding immediately prior to the first effective time, will, at the first effective time, be converted into a restricted stock unit with respect to a number of Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs (each, an “assumed RSU”) equal to the product of (i) the number of Grubhub Shares subject to such Grubhub RSU immediately prior to the first effective time and (ii) the exchange ratio divided by the ADS ratio, rounded to the nearest number of whole Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs. Each assumed RSU will otherwise be subject to the other terms and conditions that applied to the corresponding Grubhub RSU immediately prior to the first effective time.
Just Eat Takeaway.com may substitute Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares for Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs as the security underlying the assumed options or assumed RSUs. In such case, the number of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying such assumed options or assumed RSUs will equal the product of (i) the number of Grubhub Shares subject to such Grubhub option or Gruhhub RSU as of immediately prior to the first
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effective time and (ii) the exchange ratio, rounded down to the nearest number of whole Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares in the case of assumed options or rounded to the nearest number of whole Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares in the case of assumed RSUs, and the exercise price per share of each assumed option will be equal to (x) the exercise price per share of the corresponding Grubhub option divided by (y) the exchange ratio, rounded up to the nearest whole cent. Upon the exercise of an assumed option or settlement of an assumed RSU, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying such assumed options or assumed RSUs, as applicable, may be deposited in the STAK. The STAK will hold such Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares on behalf of the former holder of the assumed option or assumed RSU, as applicable, and will exercise all voting rights with respect to such Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares. The former holder will receive one STAK depository receipt for each deposited Just Eat Takeaway.com Share. Each STAK depository receipt will entitle the holder thereof to all economic benefits of the underlying Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and, subject to any blackout or restrictions under applicable law, entitle such holder to direct the STAK to sell the underlying Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and transfer the proceeds to such holder. If Just Eat Takeaway.com does not elect to deposit the underlying Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares into the STAK, such awards will be settled in Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares. The determination of whether to settle the assumed awards in Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or STAK depository receipts will be made by Just Eat Takeaway.com in its sole discretion, provided that Just Eat Takeaway.com acts reasonably in making such determination. As of the date of this proxy statement/prospectus, Just Eat Takeaway.com intends on settling Grubhub assumed awards in STAK depository receipts.
See “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Treatment of Grubhub Equity Awards” beginning on page 119 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Listing of New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, Listing of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and Delisting and Deregistration of Grubhub Shares (See page 126)
Under the terms of the Merger Agreement, Just Eat Takeaway.com is required to cause (1) the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs issuable as the merger consideration to be approved for listing on the NYSE or Nasdaq, subject to official notice of issuance, and (2) the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares to be approved for (a) admission to listing on the UK Official List and to trading on the London Stock Exchange’s main market for listed securities and (b) admission to listing and trading on Euronext Amsterdam, in each case to the extent any Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares are then listed on such exchange. Accordingly, applications will be made to the FCA and the London Stock Exchange for the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares to be admitted to listing on the UK Official List and to trading on the London Stock Exchange’s main market for listed securities, respectively, and to Euronext Amsterdam for the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares to be admitted to listing and trading on Euronext Amsterdam, in each case to the extent any Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares are then listed on such exchange. In connection with the Transaction, Just Eat Takeaway.com will also apply to list the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs on Nasdaq.
As a result of the registration of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares with the SEC pursuant to the registration statement of which this proxy statement/prospectus forms a part, Just Eat Takeaway.com will become subject to the periodic reporting requirements under the Exchange Act.
If the Transaction is completed, there will no longer be any publicly held Grubhub Shares. Accordingly, the Grubhub Shares will be delisted from the NYSE and will be deregistered under the Exchange Act as soon as practicable following Completion, and Grubhub will no longer be required to file periodic reports with the SEC in respect of Grubhub Shares.
Periodic Reporting under United States Securities Laws
Under the Exchange Act, for so long as Just Eat Takeaway.com continues to qualify as a foreign private issuer, Just Eat Takeaway.com will be required to publicly file with the SEC an annual report on Form 20-F within four months of the end of the financial year covered by the report. As a foreign private issuer, Just Eat Takeaway.com will also be required to publicly furnish to the SEC current reports on Form 6-K promptly after the occurrence of specified significant events, including material information that it makes or is required to make public pursuant to Dutch law, files or is required to file with any stock exchange on which Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares trade and which was made public by that exchange, or is otherwise distributed or required to be distributed to Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders. As a foreign private issuer listed on Nasdaq, Just Eat Takeaway.com will also be required to submit semi-annual financial statements on Form 6-K to the SEC within six months of the end of the relevant second quarter.
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If Just Eat Takeaway.com no longer qualified as a foreign private issuer, Just Eat Takeaway.com would be required to publicly file with the SEC an annual report on Form 10-K within 90, 75 or 60 days of the end of the financial year covered by the report, with the time period determined based on Just Eat Takeaway.com’s aggregate worldwide market value, the period of time for which it has been subject to SEC reporting requirements and certain other factors. In addition, Just Eat Takeaway.com would be required to publicly file with the SEC quarterly reports on Form 10-Q within 45 or 40 days (depending on the same factors) of the end of the applicable financial quarter. Just Eat Takeaway.com would also be required to publicly file with the SEC current reports on Form 8-K typically within four business days after the occurrence of specified significant events, and under Regulation FD, Just Eat Takeaway.com would be required to simultaneously or promptly make public disclosure of any material non-public information shared with securities market professionals or Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders who are reasonably likely to trade on the basis of the information. Further, Just Eat Takeaway.com would be subject to certain disclosure and procedural requirements applicable to proxy solicitations under Section 14 of the Exchange Act, and members of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and principal shareholders of Just Eat Takeaway.com would be subject to the disclosure and other requirements of Section 16 of the Exchange Act in respect of their ownership of, and transactions in, Just Eat Takeaway.com securities.
Nasdaq Rules
For so long as the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs will be listed on Nasdaq, Just Eat Takeaway.com will be required to meet certain requirements relating to ongoing communication and disclosure to holders of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, including a requirement to make any annual report filed with the SEC available to shareholders within a reasonable period of time following filing with the SEC by mailing the report to shareholders or by making the report available on or through Just Eat Takeaway.com’s website and to comply with the “prompt disclosure” policy of Nasdaq. Subject to certain exceptions, the rules of Nasdaq permit a foreign private issuer to follow its home country practice in lieu of the corporate governance requirements of Nasdaq, including, for example, certain board, committee and director independence requirements. Foreign private issuers are, however, required to comply with the audit committee independence requirements imposed by Section 10A-3 of the Exchange Act. Just Eat Takeaway.com will be required to disclose any significant ways in which its corporate governance practices differ from those followed by U.S. domestic companies under Nasdaq listing standards in its annual report on Form 20-F filed with the SEC or on its website.
Transaction Fees and Expenses (See page 169)
Generally, all fees and expenses incurred in connection with the Transaction will be paid by the party incurring such fees and expenses, whether or not the Transaction is completed. In certain circumstances, Just Eat Takeaway.com or Grubhub may be required to pay a termination fee to the other party. See “The Merger Agreement—Expenses and Termination Fees” beginning on page 169 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Certain Effects of the Mergers (See page 148)
If the Conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement are either satisfied or, to the extent permitted by applicable law, waived (other than those Conditions that by their nature are to be satisfied at Completion, but subject to the satisfaction or waiver of those Conditions at such time), Merger Sub I will be merged with and into Grubhub. As a result of the initial merger, the separate corporate existence of Merger Sub I will cease, and Grubhub will continue as the surviving corporation in the initial merger and will become a wholly owned subsidiary of Just Eat Takeaway.com. Immediately thereafter, the initial surviving company will merge with and into Merger Sub II. As a result of the subsequent merger, the separate corporate existence of the initial surviving company will cease, and Merger Sub II will continue as the surviving company in the subsequent merger and will become a wholly owned subsidiary of Just Eat Takeaway.com.
At the first effective time, (1) each issued and outstanding share of capital stock of Merger Sub I will be converted into and become one validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable Grubhub Share, (2) each Grubhub Share held in treasury or owned by Just Eat Takeaway.com or any of its subsidiaries (including Merger Sub I and Merger Sub II) will be cancelled, be retired and cease to exist, and no merger consideration will be delivered in exchange therefor and (3) each issued and outstanding Grubhub Share will cease to be outstanding, be cancelled and cease to exist and will automatically be converted into one share of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the initial surviving company (the “initial surviving company stock”), and each such share of initial
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surviving company stock will immediately thereafter be automatically exchanged for the right to receive (1) New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs representing 0.6710 Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, plus (2) cash in lieu of fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs (see “The Merger Agreement—Fractional ADSs” beginning on page 148 of this proxy statement/prospectus), plus (3) any dividends or other distributions to which such holder is entitled pursuant to the Merger Agreement, and otherwise subject to adjustments to prevent dilution in accordance with the Merger Agreement. At the second effective time, each share of initial surviving company stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the second effective time will be cancelled and shall cease to exist and no consideration will be paid or payable in respect thereof.
Each New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS will represent one-fifth of one Just Eat Takeaway.com Share. No fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs will be issued in the Transaction, and Grubhub Stockholders will receive cash in lieu of fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs. Following Completion, Grubhub Shares will no longer be publicly traded, and Grubhub Stockholders will cease to have any ownership interest in Grubhub.
No Solicitation of Takeover or Alternative Proposals (See page 156)
Each of Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub agreed to cease and to cause their respective subsidiaries and their respective officers, directors and employees and to use reasonable best efforts to cause their respective other representatives, including outside advisors, to cease all existing discussions, negotiations and communications with any person with respect to any takeover proposal as defined under “The Merger Agreement—No Solicitation of Takeover or Alternative Proposals” beginning on page 156 of this proxy statement/prospectus. Each of Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub have agreed, except as otherwise provided in the Merger Agreement, not to, and not to authorize or permit any of its subsidiaries or any of its or their respective officers, directors, employees or representatives to, directly or indirectly:
initiate, seek, solicit or knowingly encourage (including by way of furnishing any non-public information), knowingly induce or knowingly facilitate or take any other action which would reasonably be expected to lead to the making, submission or announcement of any takeover proposal, with respect to such party;
engage or participate in negotiations or discussions with, or provide any non-public information or non-public data to, any person (other than the parties to the Merger Agreement and their respective officers, directors, employees or representatives) relating to any takeover proposal or grant any waiver or release under any standstill or other agreement (except that if the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board or the Grubhub Board, as applicable, determine in good faith (after consultation with outside counsel) that the failure to grant any waiver or release would be inconsistent with such party’s directors’ fiduciary duties under applicable law, such party may waive any such standstill provision in order to permit a third party to make a takeover proposal); or
resolve to take any of the actions described in the preceding two bullet points.
Additionally, Grubhub agreed to (1) within 24 hours of the date of the Merger Agreement, terminate all physical and electronic data room access previously granted to any third party and (2) within five Business Days of the date of the Merger Agreement, request the return or destruction of all confidential, non-public information provided to third parties that have entered into confidentiality agreements relating to a possible Grubhub takeover proposal with Grubhub or any of its subsidiaries.
Notwithstanding these restrictions, the Merger Agreement provides that at any time prior to obtaining each party’s shareholder or stockholder approvals, if such party receives a written takeover proposal from a third party, which was not initiated, sought, solicited or knowingly encouraged, induced or facilitated in material violation of the restrictions outlined above, and, with respect to the second and third bullets below, such party’s board or boards, as applicable, determines or determine in good faith (after consultation with its or their outside counsel and financial advisor) that such takeover proposal constitutes or would reasonably be expected to lead to a “superior proposal” as defined under “The Merger Agreement—No Solicitation of Takeover or Alternative Proposals” beginning on page 156 of this proxy statement/prospectus, then such party may:
contact the person who has made such takeover proposal and its representatives in order to clarify the terms of such takeover proposal so that such party’s board or boards, as applicable, may inform itself or themselves about such takeover proposal;
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furnish information concerning its business, properties or assets to the person who made such takeover proposal and its representatives pursuant to a confidentiality agreement that meets certain requirements set forth in the Merger Agreement (provided that all such information has previously been furnished to the other party to the Merger Agreement or is furnished to the other party prior to or substantially concurrently with the time it is furnished to such person); and
negotiate and participate in discussions and negotiations with the person who has made such takeover proposal and its representatives concerning such takeover proposal.
The Merger Agreement also requires each of Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub to:
promptly (and in any case within one Business Day) provide the other party notice of (1) the receipt of any takeover proposal, including a copy of such takeover proposal, and (2) any inquiries, proposals or offers received by, any requests for non-public information from, or any discussions or negotiations sought to be initiated or continued concerning a takeover proposal or that would reasonably be expected to lead to a takeover proposal, and disclose the identity of the other party (or parties) and the material terms of such inquiry, offer, proposal or request and, in the case of written materials, provide copies of any such substantive materials;
promptly (and in any case within one Business Day) make available to the other party copies of all substantive written materials provided by such party to the third party but not previously made available to the other party; and
keep the other party informed on a reasonably prompt basis (and, in any case, within one Business Day of any significant development) of the status and material details (including amendments and proposed amendments) of any such takeover proposal or other inquiry, offer, proposal or request.
Completion of the Transaction is Subject to Certain Conditions (See page 166)
The obligations of each of Just Eat Takeaway.com, Merger Sub I, Merger Sub II and Grubhub to complete the Transaction is subject to the satisfaction or, to the extent legally permissible, waiver on or prior to the first effective time of the following Conditions:
receipt of the Grubhub Stockholder Approval;
receipt of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder approval of (a) the resolution to pursue the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement under Section 2:107a of the Dutch Civil Code, (b) delegation of authority to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board to issue the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and (c) the terms of the Merger Agreement, in each case, by a majority of the votes validly cast by Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders at a General Meeting of Just Eat Takeaway.com (clauses (a), (b) and (c) together, the “Just Eat Takeaway.com Transactions Approvals”);
binding nominations for the appointment of the Grubhub Management Board nominee and the Grubhub Supervisory Board nominees not having been overruled by more than half of the votes validly cast, such number of votes representing more than one-third of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s issued share capital, at a General Meeting of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders (the “Just Eat Takeaway.com Board Nominee Approval” and, together with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Transactions Approvals,” the “Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder Approval”);
the expiration or termination of the applicable waiting period under the HSR Act (the “HSR Condition”), satisfaction of the condition relating to the UK Competition and Markets Authority (“CMA”) (the “CMA Condition”) and receipt of written notification from CFIUS indicating the Transaction is not subject to review or such review has concluded without unresolved national security concerns or, if CFIUS has referred review of the Transaction to the President of the United States, receipt of notice from the President of the United States of their determination not to suspend or prohibit the Transaction or expiration of the applicable waiting period without any determination by the President of the United States;
the absence of any legal restraints that prevent, make illegal or prohibit Completion;
the approval for listing of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs issuable as the merger consideration on the NYSE or Nasdaq (subject to official notice of issuance);
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the approval for admission of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares to (1) listing on the UK Official List and to trading on the London Stock Exchange’s main market for listed securities and (2) listing and trading on Euronext Amsterdam, in each case to the extent any Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares are then listed on such exchange;
effectiveness (1) declared by the SEC of the registration statement filed on Form F-4 of which this proxy statement/prospectus forms a part, (2) declared by the SEC of the registration statement on Form F-6 and (3) of the registration statement on Form 8-A (and the absence of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of such registration statements or any proceedings seeking such a stop order); and
the approval of the European Prospectus by the AFM and the FCA, in each case if then applicable, and if then applicable, the AFM’s approval of such European Prospectus having been notified to the FCA in accordance with applicable rules and regulations.
The obligations of each of Just Eat Takeaway.com, Merger Sub I and Merger Sub II to complete the Transaction are further subject to the satisfaction or, to the extent legally permissible, waiver on or prior to the first effective time of the following conditions:
the representations and warranties of Grubhub relating to organization, standing, corporate power, authority, noncontravention, opinion of financial advisor, brokers and Grubhub Stockholder Approval being true and correct in all material respects as of the date of the first effective time (except to the extent expressly made as of an earlier date, in which case, as of such earlier date);
the representation and warranty of Grubhub relating to capitalization being true and correct, except for any de minimis inaccuracies taking into account the size of such party, as of the date of the first effective time (except to the extent expressly made as of an earlier date, in which case, as of such earlier date);
each other representation and warranty of Grubhub being true and correct (disregarding any “materiality” or “material adverse effect” qualifiers) as of the date of the first effective time (except to the extent expressly made as of an earlier date, in which case, as of such earlier date), except where the failure of such representations and warranties to be so true and correct, individually and in the aggregate, has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect;
Grubhub having performed in all material respects all obligations required to be performed by it under the Merger Agreement that are required to be performed on or prior to Completion;
the absence of a material adverse effect on Grubhub since the date of the Merger Agreement; and
receipt of an officer’s certificate executed by the chief executive officer, chief financial officer or the general counsel of Grubhub, certifying that the five preceding conditions have been satisfied.
The obligations of Grubhub to complete the Transaction are further subject to the satisfaction or, to the extent legally permissible, waiver on or prior to the first effective time of the following conditions:
the representations and warranties of Just Eat Takeaway.com, Merger Sub I and Merger Sub II relating to organization, standing, corporate power, authority, noncontravention, brokers and Just Eat Takeaway.com shareholder approvals being true and correct in all material respects as of the date of the first effective time (except to the extent expressly made as of an earlier date, in which case, as of such earlier date);
the representations and warranties of Just Eat Takeaway.com, Merger Sub I and Merger Sub II relating to capitalization being true and correct, except for any de minimis inaccuracies taking into account the size of such party, as of the date of the first effective time (except to the extent expressly made as of an earlier date, in which case, as of such earlier date);
each other representation and warranty of Just Eat Takeaway.com, Merger Sub I and Merger Sub II, respectively, being true and correct (disregarding any “materiality” or “material adverse effect” qualifiers) as of the date of the first effective time (except to the extent expressly made as of an earlier
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date, in which case, as of such earlier date), except where the failure of such representations and warranties to be so true and correct, individually and in the aggregate, has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect;
each of Just Eat Takeaway.com, Merger Sub I and Merger Sub II having performed in all material respects all obligations required to be performed by such party under the Merger Agreement that are required to be performed on or prior to Completion;
the absence of a material adverse effect on Just Eat Takeaway.com since the date of the Merger Agreement; and
receipt of an officer’s certificate executed by the chief executive officer or chief financial officer of Just Eat Takeaway.com certifying that the five preceding conditions have been satisfied.
In addition, the obligations of Just Eat Takeaway.com, Merger Sub I, Merger Sub II and Grubhub to complete the Transaction are conditioned on the absence of any antitrust restriction, as defined under “The Merger Agreement—Efforts to Complete the Transaction” beginning on page 162 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Pursuant to the requirements of the HSR Act, Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub filed Notification and Report Forms with respect to the Transaction with the FTC and DOJ on 24 June 2020 and requested early termination of the HSR Act waiting period. The FTC granted early termination of the HSR Act waiting period on 7 July 2020, thereby satisfying the HSR Condition. On 24 June 2020, Just Eat Takeaway.com filed a briefing paper with the CMA. On 2 July 2020, in response to the briefing paper, the CMA indicated that it had no further questions as of such date regarding the Transaction, thereby satisfying the CMA Condition. On 21 July 2020, Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub filed the joint voluntary notice with CFIUS. Approval from CFIUS was received on 3 September 2020. As a result of the foregoing, all regulatory approvals required for Completion have been obtained.
On 7 October 2020 Just Eat Takeaway.com held an Extraordinary General Meeting and obtained the required approvals from Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders. The Condition relating to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder Approval has now been satisfied.
Termination of the Merger Agreement (See page 168)
The Merger Agreement may be terminated at any time prior to the first effective time, whether before or after receipt of the Grubhub Stockholder Approval or the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder Approval, under the following circumstances:
by mutual written consent of Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub; or
by either Just Eat Takeaway.com or Grubhub in the event that:
the first effective time has not occurred on or before 31 December 2021 (the “end date”), however, no party may terminate the Merger Agreement if the first effective time has not occurred by the end date if the Transaction has not been completed due, in whole or part, to a breach by such party of its representations and warranties or failure to perform its obligations under the Merger Agreement;
a legal restraint that enjoins, restrains, prevents or prohibits Completion becomes final and unappealable, unless the legal restraint is due, in whole or in part, to such party’s failure to perform its obligations under the Merger Agreement, including its obligations to use its reasonable best efforts to complete the Transaction and the other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement as promptly as practicable (as described in “The Merger AgreementEfforts to Complete the Transaction” beginning on page 162 of this proxy statement/prospectus);
the Grubhub Stockholder Approval is not obtained at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting;
the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder Approval is not obtained at the Extraordinary General Meeting;
the other party breaches or fails to perform any of its covenants or agreements in the Merger Agreement, or if the other party’s representations or warranties fail to be true and correct, in either
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case, such that the applicable conditions to the terminating party’s obligations to complete the Transaction would not then be satisfied and such breach is not reasonably capable of being cured by the end date or, if reasonably capable of being cured, has not been cured within 30 days after giving written notice to the other party of such breach, except that no party may terminate the Merger Agreement for this reason if such party is then in material breach of any covenant or agreement in the Merger Agreement or if such party’s representations or warranties are not true and correct such that the applicable conditions to the other party’s obligations to complete the Transaction would not then be satisfied;
prior to obtaining the approval of the other party’s stockholders or shareholders required to complete the Transaction, the board or boards, as applicable, of the other party effects or effect an adverse recommendation change (as described in “The Merger AgreementRecommendation of the Grubhub Board” beginning on page 158 of this proxy statement/prospectus and “The Merger AgreementRecommendation of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Boards” beginning on page 160 of this proxy statement/prospectus); or
prior to obtaining approval of the party’s stockholders or shareholders required to complete the Transaction, in order to enter into an alternative acquisition agreement (as described in “The Merger AgreementRecommendation of the Grubhub Board” beginning on page 158 of this proxy statement/prospectus and “The Merger AgreementRecommendation of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Boards” beginning on page 160 of this proxy statement/prospectus).
If the Merger Agreement is terminated, the Merger Agreement will become null and void, without any liability or obligation on the part of any party, except in the case of fraud or a willful and material breach of the Merger Agreement (subject to certain limitations), and except that certain provisions of the Merger Agreement, including those relating to confidentiality, fees and expenses (including termination fees), effect of termination and certain other general provisions, will survive termination of the Merger Agreement.
Expenses and Termination Fees (See page 169)
Except as described below, each party will pay all fees and expenses incurred by it in connection with the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement.
If the Merger Agreement is terminated, Just Eat Takeaway.com will be entitled to receive a termination fee of $144 million from Grubhub in the event that:
Grubhub terminates the Merger Agreement in order to enter into a definitive agreement providing for a superior proposal;
the Grubhub Board, or any committee thereof, effects a Grubhub adverse recommendation change prior to obtaining the Grubhub Stockholder Approval and Just Eat Takeaway.com terminates the Merger Agreement as a result of such change in recommendation; or
(1) the Merger Agreement is terminated because the Transaction has not occurred by the end date, the Grubhub Stockholder Approval is not obtained at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting or Grubhub breached its obligations under the Merger Agreement, (2) prior to such Grubhub Stockholder vote (in the case of a termination due to the failure to obtain the Grubhub Stockholder Approval) or termination (in all other cases) and after the date of the Merger Agreement, a Grubhub takeover proposal that contemplates acquiring a majority of the capital stock or assets of Grubhub was made known to Grubhub or the Grubhub Board or was publicly disclosed and has not been abandoned or withdrawn (which abandonment or withdrawal shall be public if such Grubhub takeover proposal has been publicly disclosed) prior to the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting or termination of the Merger Agreement and (3) within 12 months after such termination, Grubhub completes or enters into a definitive agreement with respect to and subsequently completes, any Grubhub takeover proposal of such type.
If the Merger Agreement is terminated, Grubhub will be entitled to receive a termination fee of $144 million from Just Eat Takeaway.com in the event that:
Just Eat Takeaway.com terminates the Merger Agreement in order to enter into a definitive agreement providing for a superior proposal;
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the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board or the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board, or any committee thereof, effects an adverse recommendation change prior to obtaining Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder Approval and Grubhub terminates the Merger Agreement as a result of such change in recommendation; or
(1) the Merger Agreement is terminated because the Transaction has not occurred by the end date, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder Approval is not obtained at the Extraordinary General Meeting or Just Eat Takeaway.com breached its obligations under the Merger Agreement, (2) prior to such Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder vote (in the case of a termination due to the failure to obtain Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder Approval) or termination (in all other cases) and after the date of the Merger Agreement, a Just Eat Takeaway.com takeover proposal that contemplates acquiring a majority of the capital stock or assets of Just Eat Takeaway.com was made known to Just Eat Takeaway.com or the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board or the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board or was publicly disclosed and has not been abandoned or withdrawn (which abandonment or withdrawal shall be public if such Just Eat Takeaway.com takeover proposal has been publicly disclosed) prior to the Extraordinary General Meeting or termination of the Merger Agreement and (3) within 12 months after such termination, Just Eat Takeaway.com completes or enters into a definitive agreement with respect to and subsequently completes, any Just Eat Takeaway.com takeover proposal of such type.
See “The Merger Agreement—Efforts to Complete the Transaction” beginning on page 162 of this proxy statement/prospectus for details on the efforts Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub are required to use to complete the Transaction.
Comparison of Shareholder Rights (See page 289)
Grubhub Stockholders will have different rights once they become holders of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs due to differences between the organizational documents of Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com and differences between Delaware law, where Grubhub is incorporated, and the laws of the Netherlands, where Just Eat Takeaway.com is incorporated. See “Comparison of Shareholder Rights” beginning on page 289 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
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RISK FACTORS
In deciding whether to vote for the approval of the Merger Agreement proposal, you should carefully consider the following risk factors and all of the information contained in or incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus, including but not limited to, the matters addressed in “Cautionary Information Regarding Forward-Looking Statements and Risk Factor Summary” beginning on page xiv of this proxy statement/prospectus and the matters discussed under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” of Part I of Grubhub’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended 31 December 2020, as updated from time to time in Grubhub’s subsequent filings with the SEC, which are incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus. See “Where You Can Find More Information” beginning on page 320 of this proxy statement/prospectus. The risks associated with the business of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group are described under the caption “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Business of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group,” beginning on page 41 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Risks Relating to the Transaction
The implementation of the Transaction is subject to the satisfaction or waiver, where applicable, of a number of conditions.
Implementation of the Transaction is subject to, among other things:
(i)
the approval of the Merger Agreement proposal by holders of a majority of the outstanding Grubhub Shares entitled to vote as of the Grubhub record date;
(ii)
the approval for listing of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs on the NYSE or Nasdaq (subject to official notice of issuance);
(iii)
the approval for admission of New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares to listing on the UK Official List and to trading on the London Stock Exchange’s main market for listed securities, and to listing and trading on Euronext Amsterdam, in each case to the extent any Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares are then listed on such exchange, subject in each case only to the issue of such New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares upon Completion;
(iv)
the absence of a material adverse effect on Just Eat Takeaway.com or Grubhub, respectively, since the date of the Merger Agreement;
(v)
the absence of any legal restraints that prevent, make illegal or prohibit Completion or the issuance of the merger consideration;
(vi)
effectiveness (1) declared by the SEC of the registration statement on Form F-4, of which this proxy statement/prospectus forms a part, (2) declared by the SEC of the registration statement on Form F-6 relating to New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and (3) of the registration statement on Form 8-A relating to the registration under the Exchange Act of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs to be issued as the merger consideration (and the absence of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of such registration statements or any proceedings seeking such a stop order);
(vii)
the approval of the European Prospectus by the AFM and FCA, in each case if then applicable, and if then applicable, the AFM’s approval of the European Prospectus having been notified to the FCA in accordance with applicable rules and regulations;
(viii)
accuracy of the representations and warranties made in the Merger Agreement by the other parties, subject to certain exceptions; and
(ix)
performance by the other parties in all material respects of all obligations required to be performed by them under the Merger Agreement that are required to be performed on or prior to Completion.
See “The Merger Agreement—Conditions to the Mergers” beginning on page 166 of this proxy statement/prospectus for a discussion of the conditions to Completion, and “The Merger Agreement—Termination of the Merger Agreement” beginning on page 168 of this proxy statement/prospectus for a discussion of the rights of each of Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub to terminate the Merger Agreement.
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There can be no guarantee that the Conditions will be met in a timely way or waived, as applicable, on terms acceptable to both Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub, or at all, or can be met only after undue diversion of financial resources or management time and attention. If this were the case, the Transaction may be delayed (which would prolong the period of uncertainty for both Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub, and may result in additional costs to their businesses), or may not become effective at all, which would result in none of the anticipated benefits of the Transaction materializing. Each of these scenarios could have a material adverse effect on the business, results of operations, financial condition and/or prospects of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group and, if applicable, the Enlarged Group following Completion.
The Transaction subjects the Enlarged Group and its investors to potential significant risks as a result of the integration process, including adherence to additional regulatory requirements, and no assurance can be given that the integration process will deliver all or substantially all of the expected benefits.
Following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s future prospects will, in part, be dependent upon its ability to integrate the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group successfully, without disruption to their respective existing businesses. Unanticipated events, liabilities, tax impacts or unknown pre-existing issues may arise or become apparent which could result in the costs of integration being higher than the realizable benefits, resulting in a material adverse effect on the business, results of operations, financial condition and/or prospects of the Enlarged Group following Completion and the value of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares. No assurance can be given that the integration process will deliver all or substantially all of the expected benefits. See “—Risks Relating to the Business of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group—Each of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may be unable to integrate successfully or achieve the expected benefits of any prior or future acquisitions, or may be unable to identify and acquire suitable acquisition candidates” beginning on page 47 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
It is also possible that the process of integrating the existing businesses of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group takes longer or is more costly than anticipated, including as a result of increased regulatory and compliance burdens, or could result in the disruption of the respective businesses or inconsistencies in standards, controls, procedures and policies that adversely affect the ability of the Enlarged Group following Completion to maintain relationships with restaurants, consumers and employees, and adversely affect the current control environment of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and/or the Grubhub Group. See “—Risks Relating to the Transaction—The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group will incur significant transaction-related costs in connection with the Transaction” and “—Risks Relating to the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs—Completion will result in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group becoming subject to U.S. regulations which are different from the regulations to which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is currently subject. Current and future U.S. regulations could have an adverse effect on the results of operations, business and financial position of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group following the Transaction” beginning on page 39 and 69, respectively, of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Furthermore, the due diligence conducted by Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub in connection with the Transaction may not have revealed all relevant considerations, liabilities or regulatory issues in relation to each other, including the existence of facts that may otherwise have impacted the determination of the consideration per Grubhub Share or the formulation of a business strategy subsequent to the Transaction. In addition, information provided during the due diligence process may have been incomplete, inadequate or inaccurate, and there can be no assurance that all material issues that may be present inside the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group or their respective businesses were identified in the course of the due diligence process, or that factors external to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and their respective businesses and outside of their respective control will not arise later. As part of the due diligence process, Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub each made subjective judgments regarding the results of operations, consolidated financial condition and prospects of the other party, including certain financial projections based on the due diligence conducted (including, in the case of Grubhub’s financial projections regarding Just Eat Takeaway.com’s potential future performance, publicly available equity analyst forecasts; see “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Certain Unaudited Prospective Financial Information Prepared by Grubhub” beginning on page 101 of this proxy statement/prospectus). If material issues arise that were not identified in the course of the due diligence process, or the process of integrating the existing businesses of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group takes longer or is more costly than anticipated or results in the disruption of the respective businesses, the Enlarged Group may not realize all of the expected benefits of the Transaction.
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The materialization of the risk described above following Completion could have a material adverse effect on the Enlarged Group’s businesses, results of operations, financial condition and/or prospects and the value of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares.
Uncertainties associated with the Transaction may cause a loss of the Grubhub Group’s senior management personnel and other key employees, which could have an adverse effect on the results of operations, business and financial position of the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group.
The Grubhub Group is dependent on the continued availability and service of senior management personnel. The Enlarged Group’s success in North America following Completion will depend in part upon its ability to retain executive officers and other key senior management personnel and employees of the Grubhub Group. In this context, it is noted that at the Extraordinary General Meeting of 7 October 2020, Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders did not adopt a supplement to Just Eat Takeaway.com's remuneration policy. As a result, Just Eat Takeaway.com will be unable to provide Mr. Maloney, in his capacity as member of the Management Board of Just Eat Takeaway.com, with a remuneration package generally consistent with his remuneration as chief executive officer of Grubhub, which may impact the ability of Just Eat Takeaway.com to retain Mr. Maloney if he remains subject to the existing remuneration policy. Furthermore, other employees of the Grubhub Group may believe there is uncertainty about their roles within the Enlarged Group following Completion, which uncertainty may inhibit the Enlarged Group's ability to retain those employees following Completion. In addition, certain of Grubhub’s equity incentive and other compensation arrangements contain change in control clauses providing for outstanding equity awards to vest or compensation or benefits to be provided to Grubhub’s executive officers in connection with certain terminations of employment on or following a change in control of Grubhub, including a termination by the executive officers for “good reason.” If completed, the Transaction would constitute a change in control of Grubhub for purposes of these equity incentives and other compensation arrangements, thereby giving rise to vesting of certain outstanding equity awards and other payments in the event of certain terminations of employment (including for “good reason”). See “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Treatment of Grubhub Equity Awards—Interests of Grubhub’s Directors and Executive Officers in the Transaction” beginning on page 120 of this proxy statement/prospectus. Such uncertainty, the potential early vesting of equity awards and availability of payments may inhibit the Enlarged Group’s ability to retain those executive officers and other key senior management personnel and employees following Completion.
Accordingly, there can be no assurance that executive officers and other key senior management personnel and employees can be retained either prior to or following Completion to the same extent that the Grubhub Group has previously been able to attract and retain its employees, which could have an adverse effect on the results of operations, business and financial position of the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group. See “—Risks Relating to the Business of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group—Each of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group relies on, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group will rely on, the skills and experience of its management and other key personnel, and the loss of any of these team members and qualified personnel could have a material adverse impact on business operations” beginning on page 44 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
The business relationships of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group, respectively, may be subject to disruption due to uncertainty associated with the Transaction, which could have an adverse effect on the results of operations, business and financial position of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group.
Parties with which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group or the Grubhub Group does business may experience uncertainty associated with the Transaction, including with respect to current or future business relationships with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group. The business relationships of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group may be subject to disruption as restaurants and suppliers may attempt to negotiate changes in existing business relationships or consider entering into business relationships with third parties. These disruptions could have an adverse effect on the businesses, financial condition, results of operations and/or prospects of the Enlarged Group following Completion, including an adverse effect on the Enlarged Group’s ability to realize the anticipated benefits of the Transaction. The risk and adverse effect of such disruptions could be exacerbated by a delay in Completion or termination of the Merger Agreement. Additionally, certain contracts entered into by the Just Eat Takeaway.com
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Group and the Grubhub Group contain change in control, anti-assignment, or certain other provisions that may be triggered as a result of the Transaction. If the counterparties to these agreements do not consent to the Transaction, the counterparties may have the ability to exercise certain rights (including termination rights), resulting in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group incurring liabilities as a consequence of breaching such agreements, or causing the Enlarged Group, following Completion, to lose the benefit of such agreements or incur costs in seeking replacement agreements.
The Merger Agreement subjects the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group to restrictions on their respective business activities prior to Completion. Furthermore, the Merger Agreement limits the ability of Grubhub to pursue alternatives to the Transaction and may discourage other companies from trying to acquire Grubhub prior to Completion.
The Merger Agreement subjects the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group to restrictions on their respective business activities and obligates them to generally operate their businesses in the ordinary course prior to Completion. See “The Merger Agreement—Conduct of Business” beginning on page 153 of this proxy statement/prospectus for a discussion of these restrictions. These conduct of business restrictions could prevent the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group from pursuing attractive business opportunities that arise prior to Completion and are outside the ordinary course of business, or otherwise have an adverse effect on the results of operations, business and financial position of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group or the Grubhub Group and, consequently, following Completion, of the Enlarged Group.
The Merger Agreement contains provisions that make it more difficult for Grubhub to pursue alternatives to the Transaction and limit the ability of Grubhub to terminate the Merger Agreement prior to Completion. These provisions include a general prohibition on Grubhub from soliciting alternatives to the Transaction and, subject to certain exceptions, entering into discussions relating to an alternative to the Transaction. The Merger Agreement also contains provisions that make it more difficult for the Grubhub Board to withhold, withdraw or qualify the recommendation that Grubhub Stockholders approve the Merger Agreement proposal.
Subject to certain rights of Just Eat Takeaway.com to match the terms of proposed alternative transactions, the Grubhub Board may withhold or withdraw the recommendation or terminate the Merger Agreement in order to accept a superior proposal only if the Grubhub Board determines in good faith that the failure to withhold or withdraw the recommendation would be inconsistent with its fiduciary duties under applicable law. See “The Merger Agreement—No Solicitation of Takeover or Alternative Proposals” beginning on page 156 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Following approval of the Merger Agreement proposal by the Grubhub Stockholders, Grubhub’s right to terminate the Merger Agreement in response to a superior proposal will be eliminated.
In certain cases, upon termination of the Merger Agreement following a withholding, withdrawal or qualification of the recommendation of the Grubhub Board, Grubhub will be required to pay to Just Eat Takeaway.com a termination fee of $144 million. If the Merger Agreement is terminated and Grubhub determines to seek another business combination, Grubhub may not be able to negotiate a transaction with another party on terms comparable to, or better than, the terms of the Transaction.
See “The Merger Agreement—Termination of the Merger Agreement” and “The Merger Agreement—Expenses and Termination Fees” beginning on pages 168 and 169, respectively, of this proxy statement/prospectus.
The Transaction may be subject to litigation, which could result in substantial costs and may delay or prevent the Transaction from being completed.
Although, currently, Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub are not aware of any legal proceedings having been brought against either of them in connection with the Transaction, securities class action lawsuits, derivative lawsuits and other legal proceedings are often brought against public companies that have entered into merger agreements. Even if such legal proceedings are without merit, defending against these claims can result in substantial costs and divert management time and resources. An adverse judgment could result in monetary damages, which could have a negative impact on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s or the Grubhub Group’s respective liquidity and financial condition. Additionally, if a plaintiff is successful in obtaining an injunction prohibiting Completion, such injunction may delay or prevent the Transaction from being completed, or from
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being completed within the expected timeframe, which may adversely affect the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and the Grubhub Group’s business, financial position and results of operations.
The exchange ratio is fixed and will not be adjusted in the event of any change in the market price of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or Grubhub Shares. Because the market price of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares may fluctuate, the value of the merger consideration that Grubhub Stockholders will receive in the Transaction is uncertain.
In the Transaction, each Grubhub Share will be converted into the right to receive New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs representing 0.6710 of a New Just Eat Takeaway.com Share (the “exchange ratio”). No fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs will be issued in the Transaction, and Grubhub Stockholders will receive cash in lieu of fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs.
Because the exchange ratio is fixed and will only be adjusted in certain limited circumstances (including reclassifications, stock splits or combinations, exchanges or readjustments of shares, or stock dividends, reorganization, recapitalization or similar transactions involving Just Eat Takeaway.com or Grubhub), the value of the merger consideration will depend on the market price of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares at Completion. The exchange ratio will not be adjusted for changes in the market price of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or Grubhub Shares or in currency exchange rates between the date of signing the Merger Agreement and Completion. In addition, there will be a lapse of time between the date on which Grubhub Stockholders vote on the Merger Agreement proposal at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting and the date on which Grubhub Stockholders entitled to receive New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs actually receive such New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs.
The potential impact of a fixed exchange ratio on the value of the merger consideration has been evidenced, as the value of the merger consideration has fluctuated since the date of the announcement of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s proposal to merge with Grubhub and will continue to fluctuate from the date of this proxy statement/prospectus to Completion and thereafter. The closing price per share of Grubhub Shares on the NYSE as of 9 June 2020, the last trading day before the public announcement of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s proposal to merge with Grubhub, was $57.92, and the closing price per share has fluctuated as high as $84.34 and as low as $57.92 since that date and 20 April 2021. The closing price of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares on Euronext Amsterdam and the London Stock Exchange as of 9 June 2020, the last trading day before the public announcement of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s proposal to merge with Grubhub, was €98.60 / £87.74, respectively, and the closing price per share has fluctuated as high as €109.65 / £99.80 and as low as €74.14 / £63.82, respectively, since that date and 20 April 2021.
Accordingly, at the time of the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, the value of the merger consideration will not be known. Stock price changes may result from a variety of factors, including, among others, general market and economic conditions, changes in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and the Grubhub Group’s respective operations, prospects and financial position, foreign exchange fluctuations, any potential shareholder litigation related to the Transaction, market assessments of the likelihood of Completion, the timing of the Transaction, regulatory considerations and the anticipated dilution to holders of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and any unsponsored Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs as a result of the issuance of the merger consideration.
Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders and Grubhub Stockholders are urged to obtain current market quotations for any unsponsored Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and Grubhub Shares. See “Comparative Per Share Market Price” beginning on page 138 of this proxy statement/prospectus for the implied value of the merger consideration proposed for each Grubhub Share as of 9 June 2020, the last trading day of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares before the public announcement of the Merger Agreement.
Certain Grubhub directors and executive officers have interests in the Transaction that are different from, or in addition to, the interests of Grubhub Stockholders generally.
When considering the recommendation of the Grubhub Board that Grubhub Stockholders adopt the Merger Agreement, Grubhub Stockholders should be aware that directors and executive officers of Grubhub have certain interests in the Transaction that may be different from, or in addition to, the interests of Grubhub Stockholders generally. These interests include the treatment of Grubhub equity compensation awards in the Transaction; the receipt of payments and benefits upon a termination without cause or for good reason in connection with or following the Transaction, including the potential acceleration of certain equity awards, positions as directors, officers or employees of the Enlarged Group following Completion, severance benefits, accelerated payout of
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deferred compensation benefits and other rights held by Grubhub’s directors and executive officers, and the indemnification of former Grubhub directors and officers by Just Eat Takeaway.com. The Grubhub Board was aware of these interests and considered them, among other things, in evaluating and negotiating the Merger Agreement and the Transaction and in recommending that the Grubhub Stockholders adopt the Merger Agreement. For more information on the interests of Grubhub’s directors and executive officers in the Transaction, including the individual components of and the assumptions underlying such payments and benefits, see “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Treatment of Grubhub Equity Awards—Interests of Grubhub’s Directors and Executive Officers in the Transaction” beginning on page 120 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Failure to complete the Transaction could negatively impact Grubhub’s stock price and have an adverse effect on its results of operations, business and financial position.
If the Transaction is not completed for any reason, including as a result of the Grubhub Stockholders failing to approve the applicable proposals, the ongoing business of the Grubhub Group may be adversely affected and, without realizing any of the benefits of having completed the Transaction, the Grubhub Group would be subject to a number of risks, including the following:
the Grubhub Group may experience negative reactions from the financial markets, its stockholders and its other stakeholders, including negative impacts on the market price of its securities;
the Grubhub Group may experience negative reactions from its consumers, restaurant partners and employees of the Grubhub Group;
the Grubhub Group will be required to pay its costs relating to the Transaction, whether or not Completion occurs;
the Grubhub Group may be required to pay the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group a cash termination fee of $144 million as prescribed by the Merger Agreement;
the Merger Agreement places certain restrictions on the conduct of the business of the Grubhub Group prior to Completion, which may have prevented the Grubhub Group from making certain acquisitions, taking certain other specified actions or otherwise pursuing business opportunities between the signing of the Merger Agreement and the abandonment of the Transaction;
matters relating to Transaction preparation (including integration planning) require substantial commitments of time and resources by Grubhub management, which may result in the distraction of Grubhub’s management from ongoing business operations between the signing of the Merger Agreement and the abandonment of the Transaction; and
the Grubhub Group may be subject to litigation related to any failure to complete the Transaction or related to any enforcement proceeding commenced against Grubhub to perform its obligations under the Merger Agreement.
If the Transaction is not completed, the risks described above may materialize and may have an adverse effect on the Grubhub Group’s results of operations, business, financial position and stock price.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group will incur significant transaction-related costs in connection with the Transaction.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group expect to incur significant costs associated with the Transaction and combining the operations of the two businesses. The significant costs associated with the Transaction include, among others, fees and expenses of financial advisors (certain of which are described under “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Opinion of Grubhub’s Financial Advisor” beginning on page 94 of this proxy statement/prospectus) and other advisors and representatives, retention, severance and change in control costs relating to employees of the Grubhub Group (which are described under “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Treatment of Grubhub Equity Awards—Interests of Grubhub’s Directors and Executive Officers in the Transaction” beginning on page 120 of this proxy statement/prospectus), costs of defending any potential shareholder litigation related to the Transaction, filing fees due in connection with filings required under the HSR Act and the joint voluntary notice filed with CFIUS, and filing fees and printing and mailing costs for this proxy statement/prospectus and the European Prospectus. See Note 5 to the
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Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Information in “Just Eat Takeaway.com Group Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Information” and “—Risks Relating to the Transaction—The Transaction may be subject to litigation, which could result in substantial costs and may delay or prevent the Transaction from being completed” beginning on page 255 and 37, respectively, of this proxy statement/prospectus. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group currently expect to incur approximately €67 million and €57 million, respectively, in non-recurring costs in connection with the Transaction, although actual costs may vary. Some of these costs have already been incurred or may be incurred regardless of whether the Transaction is completed, including a portion of the fees and expenses of financial advisors and other advisors and representatives and filing fees under the HSR Act and CFIUS and those related to this proxy statement/prospectus. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group also will incur fees and costs related to formulating and implementing integration plans with respect to the two companies, including systems integration costs. Just Eat Takeaway.com continues to assess the magnitude of these costs, and additional unanticipated costs may be incurred in the Transaction and the integration of the two companies’ businesses. The expected net benefits associated with these costs may not be achieved in the near term, or at all.
Grubhub may waive one or more conditions to the Transaction without resoliciting stockholder approval for the Transaction.
Certain conditions to Grubhub’s obligations to complete the Transaction, including the absence of events or circumstances having a material adverse effect on Just Eat Takeaway.com and its subsidiaries, the performance by Just Eat Takeaway.com, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II of their respective obligations under the Merger Agreement required to be performed on or prior to Completion, that the representations and warranties of Just Eat Takeaway.com, Merger Sub I and Merger Sub II are true and correct as of the first effective time (subject to certain materiality qualifications) and delivery by Just Eat Takeaway.com of an officer’s certificate certifying as to the foregoing conditions, may be waived, in whole or in part, either unilaterally or by agreement of Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub (in each case, to the extent legally permissible). If one or more conditions to the Transaction are waived by Grubhub, Grubhub will evaluate whether waiver of such condition or conditions is material and amendment of this proxy statement/prospectus and resolicitation of proxies would be warranted. In the event that any such waiver does not require resolicitation of stockholders, the parties will have the discretion to complete the Transaction without seeking further stockholder approval.
The opinion of Grubhub’s financial advisor will not reflect changes in circumstances after the date of such opinion.
On 10 June 2020, at a meeting of the Grubhub Board, Evercore rendered its oral opinion, subsequently confirmed by delivery of a written opinion that, based upon and subject to the assumptions, qualifications and limitations and other matters set forth therein, as of such date, the exchange ratio pursuant to the Merger Agreement was fair, from a financial point of view, to the holders of Grubhub Shares, other than excluded shares. Grubhub has not obtained, and will not obtain, an updated opinion from Evercore. Evercore provided its opinion to the Grubhub Board (in its capacity as such) for the information and benefit of the Grubhub Board in connection with its evaluation of the Transaction. Changes in the operations and prospects of Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com, general market and economic conditions and other factors, many of which are beyond the control of Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com, may alter the value of Grubhub or Just Eat Takeaway.com or the prices of Grubhub Shares or Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares by Completion. See “—Risks Relating to the Transaction—The exchange ratio is fixed and will not be adjusted in the event of any change in the market price of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or Grubhub Shares. Because the market price of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares may fluctuate, the value of the merger consideration that Grubhub Stockholders will receive in the Transaction is uncertain” beginning on page 38 of this proxy statement/prospectus. The opinion does not speak as of the time of Completion or as of any date other than the date of the opinion. For a description of the opinion rendered by Evercore, see “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Opinion of Grubhub’s Financial Advisor” beginning on page 94 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Grubhub Stockholders will have a reduced ownership and voting interest in Just Eat Takeaway.com immediately after Completion than they currently have in Grubhub. Therefore and regardless of any changes in governance, former Grubhub Stockholders will have significantly less influence over management of Just Eat Takeaway.com following the Transaction than they currently have over the management of Grubhub.
Following Completion, each Grubhub Stockholder will become a holder of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs with a percentage ownership of Just Eat Takeaway.com after the Transaction that is significantly smaller
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than the Grubhub Stockholder’s percentage ownership of Grubhub prior to the Transaction. Based on the number of Grubhub Shares and Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares (excluding treasury shares) outstanding as of            2021, and the total number of Grubhub Shares issuable under outstanding Grubhub equity awards that are expected to be settled for New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs in connection with the Transaction, it is expected that, immediately after Completion, former Grubhub Stockholders will own approximately 30% of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s outstanding share capital. Consequently, former Grubhub Stockholders will have significantly less influence over the management and policies of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group than they currently have over the management and policies of the Grubhub Group.
The Pro Forma Financial Information does not reflect the actual or forecast results of operations for the periods presented or for future periods, and the actual results of operations, business and financial position after the Transaction may differ materially.
The Pro Forma Financial Information is presented for informational purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the combined financial position or results of operations that would have been realized had the Transaction and the Just Eat Acquisition occurred as of the dates indicated, nor is it meant to be indicative of any anticipated combined financial position or future results of operations that the Enlarged Group will experience after Completion. The unaudited pro forma adjustments are based upon the best available information and certain assumptions that Just Eat Takeaway.com believes to be reasonable. For example, the estimated purchase price allocation included in the Pro Forma Financial Information is provisional and based on information currently available. The actual fair values used in the purchase price allocation will be determined upon Completion and may vary materially from these provisional estimates. In addition, Just Eat Takeaway.com’s share price and exchange rates at the time of Completion would each have a material impact on the total acquisition price, and the accuracy of the Pro Forma Financial Information. The Pro Forma Financial Information does not reflect any adjustment for liabilities or related costs of any integration and similar activities, or benefits, including potential benefits that may be derived in future periods, from the Transaction. See “Just Eat Takeaway.com Group Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Information” beginning on page 255 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Risks Relating to the Business of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group
Each of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may not be able to establish, maintain or expand its leadership positions and establish, maintain or increase its profitability in some or all of the jurisdictions in which it currently operates, including as a result of competition.
Online food delivery services are highly competitive and prone to rapid changes. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group currently face and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group will continue to face competition in each of the jurisdictions in which they operate from other online food delivery marketplaces as well as independent restaurants and regional and national chain restaurants, including those that offer their own online ordering services, delivery services and/or their own mobile applications. For example, in the U.S., the Grubhub Group faces, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group will face, competition from DoorDash, Inc. (which completed its initial public offering (an “IPO”) on 9 December 2020), as well as the Uber Eats segment of Uber Technologies, Inc. and Postmates Inc., which was acquired by Uber Technologies, Inc. on 1 December 2020. In the UK and the EU, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group principally faces, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group will principally face, competition from Deliveroo Holdings plc (which completed its IPO on 31 March 2021), the Uber Eats segment of Uber Technologies, Inc., Glovoapp23, S.L. and Wolt Enterprises Oy. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may face increased competition from DoorDash, Inc. and Deliveroo Holdings plc. The vast majority of restaurants that participate on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s platforms can simultaneously work with or switch to one or more of their competitors or use their own online ordering services, delivery services and/or mobile applications, which may result in fewer consumers ordering from such restaurants via the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s platforms. The competitive landscape in each particular jurisdiction in which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group operate and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group will operate is likely to change over time, including due to consolidation among existing competitors or the emergence of new market entrants and technological developments and innovation by
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competitors. See “—Risks Relating to the Business of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group—If the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group do not continue to innovate or otherwise meet consumer expectations, they may not remain competitive and their businesses and results of operations could suffer” beginning on page 42 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Larger competitors, including those formed as a result of consolidation or new market entrants, particularly if they have greater financial resources, could undertake extensive marketing campaigns aimed at increasing consumers’ awareness, website visits, mobile application downloads and orders through such competitors’ online platforms, which may compel the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group to increase their own marketing expenditures in order to maintain their market share, or could lead to their losing market share (notwithstanding their efforts to maintain their market share). Increased competition by larger competitors could also adversely impact the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group to the extent that it results in downward pressure on the commission rates that they are able to charge restaurants and/or the fees that they are able to charge consumers.
In particular, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may be forced to compete with companies with significantly greater financial resources or infrastructure. This may include large data or mobile services providers, such as Google, logistical, delivery or transportation companies, such as Amazon and Uber, or other large technology companies, retailers or supermarket chains, if and to the extent that such companies choose to compete actively in, or devote substantial additional financial resources to, the sectors and markets in which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group operate and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group will operate.
In addition to the risk of competition from new entrants or existing online food delivery marketplaces, the success of different business models in the food delivery and pick-up industry, such as logistics-focused food delivery companies (that is, companies that partner with restaurants to provide logistics and deliver food on their behalf) might attract and retain current or potential consumers of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s services. For example, in certain of the jurisdictions in which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group operate and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group will operate, on-demand delivery service companies are active, which can connect consumers to delivery personnel who are able to pick up and deliver a potentially broad range of food and other products and services as requested by the consumer.
Just Eat Takeaway.com believes that it operates in a “winner takes most” industry. Just Eat Takeaway.com believes that a single online food delivery marketplace that is able to achieve clear leadership (which Just Eat Takeaway.com defines as an online food delivery marketplace with a large consumer base that in absolute terms is multiple times larger than that of any other competitor) is thereby increasingly able to benefit from network effects (that is, more restaurant choices driving more consumer traffic and more consumer traffic driving more restaurant additions to the platform and hence more restaurant choices).
In a number of the markets in which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group currently operates, a clear market leader has not yet emerged, even in certain jurisdictions in which it currently has a leading position in terms of GMV. In such jurisdictions, it is possible that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s competitors will be able to achieve clear market leadership before they do, such as through significant marketing expenditure or by initiating other actions to strengthen their brands. Should a competitor in a particular market achieve clear market leadership with the network effects expected to arise from such a position, Just Eat Takeaway.com would expect the business and prospects of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group in that market to suffer. If this risk were to materialize, this could lead to a loss of, or failure to increase, market share or otherwise materially adversely affect the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s business, results of operations, financial condition and/or prospects.
If the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group do not continue to innovate or otherwise meet consumer expectations, they may not remain competitive and their businesses and results of operations could suffer.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and the Grubhub Group’s success each depends on, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s success will depend on, the quality and user-friendliness of their websites and
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mobile applications and the quality of their back-end technology infrastructure. To remain competitive, Just Eat Takeaway.com believes that each of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group will need to continuously enhance and improve the functionality and features of their websites and mobile applications to maintain a convenient, efficient and reliable user experience for consumers, restaurants and drivers. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may be unable to keep pace with developments in their websites and mobile applications or their back-end technology infrastructure and other trends or disruptive innovations in the e-commerce industry relative to their competitors, such as the development of predictive software or variants of artificial intelligence. For example, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may not sufficiently develop or assess consumer behavior analysis or identify emerging consumer trends. Any such failure may lead to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group losing market share to their competitors to the extent that their competitors roll out more popular websites and/or mobile applications and software more consistently, or more quickly, than the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group is able to do so. See “—Risks Relating to the Business of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group—Each of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may not be able to establish, maintain or expand its leadership positions and establish, maintain or increase its profitability in some or all of the jurisdictions in which it currently operates, including as a result of competition” beginning on page 41 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
In addition, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may fail to adequately manage and execute other opportunities for innovation. Any failure to keep pace with technological developments could affect the ability of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group to retain consumers, restaurants and drivers and have a material adverse effect on the pursuit of their strategic goals, as well as on their business, results of operations, financial condition and/or prospects.
The success of each of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group depends on their reputation and the reputation and consumer awareness of their brands, which may be negatively impacted by negative publicity relating to them, any of their brands, the restaurants on their platforms or the food delivery industry in general.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and the Grubhub Group’s brands are, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s brands will continue to be, a key part of their value proposition relative to actual and potential competitors, and therefore, any failure to maintain brand appeal is a potential business threat. The threat is heightened by the fact that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group generally focuses its platforms on a single brand in each market. Each of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s brands could suffer as a result of a range of events beyond their control, such as a food poisoning incident (including as a result of food hygiene standards) or an allergic reaction involving one or more of the restaurants on its platforms (whether or not the food was ordered via its platforms), violation of food safety rules by restaurants on its platforms, failure by restaurants on their platforms to comply with the EU food information regulations, to the extent applicable (see “—Legal and Regulatory RisksThe Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group operate in certain countries with stringent food safety laws and laws related to the sales of alcohol, in each case, applicable to restaurants listed on their respective platforms and such laws may also apply to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group, which could result in increased compliance costs as well as liability for, and material damage to their reputations as a result of, non-compliance with such laws” beginning on page 60 of this proxy statement/prospectus), other health scares involving restaurants generally, data breaches, traffic accidents caused by, or involving, drivers recognizably associated with any of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s brands, whether or not employed or engaged by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group, or other misconduct by persons associated with items or merchandise bearing the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s brands. The risk of reputational damage due to the misconduct of individuals is increased by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s expansion of their own complementary logistical food delivery services.
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In addition, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and the Grubhub Group’s operations depend on, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s operations will depend on, various third parties to provide services, in particular telecommunications, internet and cloud providers, as well as banks and payment service providers used by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group or the Grubhub Group and their consumers (see “—Risks Relating to the Business of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group—Any disruptions to each of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s IT systems and related infrastructure, including due to system outages or supply chain failures affecting telecommunications, internet service providers, payment service providers or technology manufacturers upon which they depend, may adversely affect their performance” beginning on page 45 of this proxy statement/prospectus). Notwithstanding the redundant architectures and resilience measures that have been designed into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and the Grubhub Group’s operational systems and, following Completion, will be designed into the Enlarged Group’s operational systems, there remains a risk that potential system outages or cyber-attacks may affect the operation of telecommunications, cloud or internet services, as well as any unannounced action by telecommunications, cloud or internet service providers. As consumers and restaurants may attribute any performance failure or payment problem relating to a food delivery order to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group and their brands, regardless of the cause of the failure or problem, consumers may become dissatisfied with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s value proposition. In addition, as the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and the Grubhub Group’s hybrid business models are premised on connecting restaurants and consumers, in many cases they rely on restaurants to deliver food, rather than the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group performing this function directly or through third parties. Accordingly, delays in deliveries by restaurants, or the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s inability to offer a uniform food delivery experience, could adversely affect perceptions of their value proposition.
Negative publicity as a result of any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s reputation and the reputation of their brands. This risk is heightened by the fact that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group operates, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group will operate, in an industry that is impacted by dynamic social change and public expectation, such as food safety, allergens and workers’ rights. The effect of negative publicity could be exacerbated to the extent dissatisfaction with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group is disseminated via social media due to its immediacy and accessibility as a means of communication.
Each of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group relies on, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group will rely on, the skills and experience of its management and other key personnel, and the loss of any of these team members and qualified personnel could have a material adverse impact on business operations.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s performance, success and ability to fulfil its strategic objectives is substantially dependent on retaining its current executives, members of its management and key personnel, who are experienced in the markets and the businesses in which it operates. In particular, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is dependent on the skills and experience of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s founder and current chief executive officer (“CEO”), Jitse Groen, who plays a key role in setting the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and, following Completion, will play a key role in the Enlarged Group’s strategic direction. The unexpected departure of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s chief financial officer (“CFO”), Brent Wissink, and chief operational officer (“COO”), Jörg Gerbig, or of Grubhub’s CEO and founder and, following Completion, the head of the Enlarged Group’s North American operations, Matt Maloney, could also have a material adverse effect on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s business operations. Furthermore, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s results of operations depend upon their personnel’s experience with, and knowledge of, local markets, IT trends and their own IT systems.
There can be no assurance that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group will be able to retain their executives, members of management and other key personnel (see “—Risks Relating to the Transaction—Uncertainties associated with the Transaction may cause a loss of the Grubhub Group’s senior management personnel and other key employees, which could have an adverse effect on the
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results of operations, business and financial position of the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group beginning on page 36 of this proxy statement/prospectus). If the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group are unable to find adequate replacements or to attract, retain and incentivize senior executives, other key employees or new qualified personnel, such inability could have a material adverse effect on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s business, results of operations, financial condition and/or prospects.
Any disruptions to each of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s IT systems and related infrastructure, including due to system outages or supply chain failures affecting telecommunications, internet service providers, payment service providers or technology manufacturers upon which they depend, may adversely affect their performance.
Despite the resilience and disaster recovery capabilities of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and the Grubhub Group’s IT systems and infrastructure, there is no assurance that the IT systems underlying the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and the Grubhub Group’s platforms, or that will underlie the Enlarged Group’s platforms following Completion, will not temporarily fail. Any failure of, or disruptions to, such IT systems may adversely affect the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s performance.
Although the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group operates two fully functional data centers (housed in external co-location facilities) in the Netherlands and Germany to support the historical Takeaway.com operating markets, thus ensuring near technical and geographical redundancy, any system outages affecting the operation of telecommunications or the internet may restrict the ability of consumers to access the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s platforms or restaurants and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s ability to receive and process orders. In addition, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group operates certain of its e-commerce workloads in the cloud to support the historical Just Eat operating markets, taking advantage of high availability infrastructure and software designs to provide a highly resilient service protecting its ability to receive, process and accept payment for orders. Any outages that affect the operation of the cloud may additionally therefore affect the efficiency of the service provided by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group. Any such failures in services provided by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group or third party telecommunications providers, co-location providers, internet service providers or cloud and payment services providers could adversely affect the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s business, results of operations, financial condition and/or prospects.
The Grubhub Group relies on cloud providers to provide a reliable network backbone with the speed, data capacity, security and hardware necessary for reliable internet access and services. The Grubhub Group also relies on a third-party payment processor and encryption and authentication technology licensed from third parties that is designed to effect secure transmission of personal information provided by its consumers. If the Grubhub Group’s payment processor, a cloud provider or another third party, does not perform adequately, terminates its relationship with the Grubhub Group or refuses to renew its agreement with the Grubhub Group on commercially reasonable terms, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may have difficulty finding an alternate provider on similar terms and in an acceptable timeframe, its and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s costs may increase and its and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s, business and results of operations could be harmed.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group rely on several commercial devices to connect restaurants to their platforms. These devices provide the interface for restaurants to receive, fulfill or reject orders. In the case of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, such devices are custom designed, sourced from specific suppliers and are distributed widely across their restaurant estates. Whilst the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group continue to mitigate risks through a greater diversity in restaurant connectivity options, there remains a risk that a significant supply chain issue could impact business performance in the territories where those devices are deployed (see “— Risks Relating to the Business of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group—The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may face certain risks in connection with the supply of their restaurant devices” beginning on page 54 of this proxy statement/prospectus). Should devices develop significant hardware or software-related issues or failures, this could similarly impact supply levels as inventories are consumed above forecast levels and, in the case of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, adjustment to demand
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requires several months lead-time. If information security controls were to be circumvented and the devices’ central management systems were subject to a security breach, a group population of restaurants could simultaneously be disrupted.
Compromised security measures and performance failures due to hacking, viruses, fraud and other malicious attacks could adversely affect the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s reputation.
Like all online services, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and the Grubhub Group’s platforms are, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s platforms will be, vulnerable to computer viruses, break-ins, phishing attacks, ransomware attacks, attempts to overload their servers with distributed denial-of-service (“DDoS”) attacks, credential stuffing attacks, misappropriation of data through website scraping or other attacks or similar disruptions from unauthorized use of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s computer systems. Despite the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s resilience and disaster recovery procedures, the occurrence of any of the foregoing with respect to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s platforms or any third-party service providers which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group currently or in the future rely upon could lead to interruptions, delays or website shutdowns, potentially causing lost business, temporary inaccessibility of critical data, or account details, including personal data, being stolen or released. The coverage under the insurance policies of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may not be adequate to reimburse the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group for losses caused by security incidents, or other adverse consequences related to a security incident.
In the normal course of business, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group have discovered various security threats and incidents that may involve the information of its diners, delivery partners, restaurant partners, employees, vendors and/or contractors. For example, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group experienced a potentially coordinated series of severe DDoS attacks in March 2020 affecting several hundred thousand orders. Likewise, the Grubhub Group has experienced various security threats and incidents, including, for example, malware identified on company systems or machines, phishing and social engineering efforts directed at its employees, and non-compliance with internal security requirements and procedures that have impacted data stored on its systems. In addition, the Grubhub Group has experienced incidents of fraud on its platform by unauthorized parties who log into Grubhub accounts. Although none of these threats and incidents resulted in regulatory inquiries, litigation, or a material impact on the reputation, business operations or financial performance of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group or the Grubhub Group, respectively, any future security incident could have a material adverse impact on the respective reputation, business operations, or financial performance of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group. Each of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group has undertaken steps to enhance its respective data security programs, which include adding additional protective security layers around the data, improving security protocols that govern access to systems, and further reducing security risks through risk assessments and regular testing. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group have committed and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group will continue to commit, considerable resources to continually enhance the security of their systems, such efforts may not be sufficient.
Compromised security measures and performance or security failures of some of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s services or of third-party service providers’ services which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group currently or in the future rely upon may adversely affect the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s competitive position, relationships with restaurants, consumers and suppliers, and therefore, their businesses, results of operations, financial condition and/or prospects, as consumers and restaurants may lose confidence in their reliability, and consumers may be inclined to order food delivery through a competitor or alternative means. See “—Risks Relating to the Business of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group—Any disruptions to each of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the
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Enlarged Group’s IT systems and related infrastructure, including due to system outages or supply chain failures affecting telecommunications, internet service providers, payment service providers or technology manufacturers upon which they depend, may adversely affect their performance” beginning on page 45 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s entry into new business areas or markets may not be successful and may expose the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group to additional risks and uncertainties.
The growth that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group have experienced, and any future growth that, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may experience, may pose various challenges to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group, such as finding suitable personnel on every operational level, including qualified IT personnel, customer services employees and sales agents. Notwithstanding the degree of scalability built into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and the Grubhub Group’s platforms, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may not be able to scale and adapt their existing technology and network infrastructure as their businesses grow. Any failure by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group to expand their operations and staff successfully may have an adverse effect on their reputation, business and/or results of operations.
Where the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group grow their operations by expanding their businesses into new markets or offering new services, they may not be able to do this in a cost-effective and/or timely manner. New business endeavors launched or expanded by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, such as its Delivery services, which is intended to complement the main business activities of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, or the development of business-to-business food delivery services, such as City Pantry and Takeaway Pay, may not be favorably received by corporate customers, consumers or restaurants or by governments or regulators, or may not become profitable. In addition, entering into new geographical markets, such as the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s entry into the Israeli, Bulgarian and Romanian markets, or growing the business in existing markets may prove more costly or time-consuming than expected, and consumers and restaurants in such markets may be less receptive to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s value proposition than anticipated based on their expectations from, and experience in, their other markets. The entry into new markets and geographical regions will also expose the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group to additional integrity, financial, compliance, currency and geopolitical risks, including corruption, nepotism, bribery, money laundering and terrorism financing, political instability, and conflicts with or between countries in certain regions.
Any such expansion of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s operations may also require significant additional investment, together with operations and resources, which may strain their management, personnel, financial and operational resources. The lack of market acceptance of such efforts or the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s inability to generate sufficient revenue from such expanded services, products or operations to offset their costs could have a material adverse effect on their business, results of operations, financial condition and/or prospects.
Each of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may be unable to integrate successfully or achieve the expected benefits of any prior or future acquisitions, or may be unable to identify and acquire suitable acquisition candidates.
While the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has historically established its market position in most of its largest markets predominantly through organic growth, it has undertaken acquisitions (in addition to the Transaction) and it, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may continue to do so in order to establish or maintain leading positions in terms of overall Orders in certain markets in the future. The integration of any prior or future acquisitions may not generate sufficient benefits for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group to justify the costs that they will incur in completing such acquisitions. The integration of local operations may place substantial demands on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s management and
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departments, may take longer or be more costly than anticipated, may result in material tax liabilities, the loss of key employees and may pose organizational challenges, including challenges to their operations, and IT-related challenges, any or all of which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may fail to address effectively, resulting in the disruption of their businesses, their inability to maintain relationships with restaurants, consumers and employees, and their ability to achieve the anticipated benefits of any prior or future acquisition or maintain quality standards.
In particular, Just Eat Takeaway.com recently completed the Just Eat Acquisition, which was a transformative transaction and for which the process of integrating the two businesses is ongoing. Just Eat Takeaway.com may encounter difficulties integrating Just Eat into its existing business. The failure to meet the challenges involved in integrating the historical Just Eat operations into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s business may exacerbate the risks Just Eat Takeaway.com faces in integrating Grubhub or any future business it acquires and could cause an interruption of, or a loss of momentum in, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s activities and could have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition and results of operations.
In addition, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may fail to discover material liabilities prior to an acquisition for which they may be responsible, or they may not be able to retain acquired key staff members, restaurants or consumers. Any failure to efficiently and effectively integrate acquired businesses, including as a result of the Transaction or a prior acquisition, may result in less growth than the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group anticipated and may have an adverse material effect on their business, results of operations, financial condition and/or prospects. See “—Risks Relating to the Transaction—The Transaction subjects the Enlarged Group and its investors to potential significant risks as a result of the integration process, including adherence to additional regulatory requirements, and no assurance can be given that the integration process will deliver all or substantially all of the expected benefits” beginning on page 35 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Any acquisition may also require substantial marketing efforts in order to raise restaurant and consumer awareness in the relevant market and to reach and broaden the addressable market. Despite such efforts and investments, consumer and restaurant awareness and acceptance for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s platforms may not increase or increase at a slower pace than anticipated, which could adversely affect progress towards profitability and/or cash flows. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may also need to record impairment charges related to potential write-downs of acquired assets, goodwill or other intangible assets in relation to prior or future acquisitions.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group can also not be certain that they will be able to identify and acquire, on reasonable terms, if at all, suitable acquisition candidates. With consolidation being likely to continue as an industry trend, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group could be faced with increasing competition for attractive acquisition candidates. Failure to identify and/or acquire suitable acquisition candidates or the acquisition of unsuitable candidates could impair the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s ability to achieve their strategic goals. Compliance with antitrust or any other regulations may delay proposed acquisitions or prevent Just Eat Takeaway.com or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group from closing acquisitions, if at all. If this risk were to materialize, this could adversely affect the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s business, results of operations, financial condition and/or prospects.
Public health issues such as a major pandemic or epidemic, including the long-term continuation or escalation of the COVID-19 outbreak, may have an adverse impact on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s business.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s business could be materially and adversely affected by the outbreak of a widespread epidemic or pandemic, including the long-term continuation or escalation of the COVID-19 outbreak. Such events could result in significant changes to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s restaurant inventory, consumer behavior or cost of providing delivery services, any or all of which could have a material adverse effect on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s business, financial condition and results of operations.
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In December 2019, an outbreak of a new strain of coronavirus, COVID-19, was identified in Wuhan, China, and has since spread globally, including in the United Kingdom, continental Europe and the United States, where the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and the Grubhub Group’s operations are primarily concentrated. On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization confirmed that its spread and severity had escalated to the level of a pandemic. Since the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic took hold internationally in the first quarter of 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group observed initial downside as government lockdowns were announced, restaurants closed and consumers reacted with heightened caution. In addition, governments in certain of the markets where the Grubhub Group operates introduced emergency orders that limit the commission that the Grubhub Group can charge its restaurant partners during the pandemic in order to aid the restaurant sector. For example, in May 2020, the New York City Council passed legislation imposing a 20% cap on fees, consisting of a 15% cap on commissions for delivery services and an additional 5% cap on all other charges, including marketing charges, and in August 2020 extended the duration of such restrictions until 90 days after restaurants are allowed to operate at full indoor capacity. As such, emergency orders or legislation limiting the commission that the Grubhub Group can charge its restaurant partners remain in place in certain markets, and additional restrictions may be put in place limiting the commission that the Grubhub Group can charge its restaurant partners in the future. Within the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s markets, commission restrictions have been introduced in one market and may be introduced in additional markets—on 19 December 2020, a regulation came into effect in Ontario, Canada which caps fees charged to non-chain restaurants by third parties for food and beverage delivery services and related services while the restaurants are prohibited from offering indoor dining. The regulation provides caps of (i) 15% of the cost of the delivery order for food and beverage delivery services; (ii) 20% of the cost of the delivery order for food and beverage delivery services and related services; and (iii) 10% of the cost of the order for marketplace orders (including pickup and restaurant delivery orders). The Ontario regulation is unlikely to have an immediate material effect on SkipTheDishes (“Skip”), the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s Canadian business, because Skip has proactively and voluntarily been providing rebates on commissions for independent restaurants and select brands subject to indoor dining prohibitions in Ontario, at a level that would generally result in compliance by Skip under the regulation. However, there can be no assurance that further limits on commissions will not be enacted.
To the knowledge of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group, all of the current fee caps in the U.S. are expected to end as the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic wanes; however, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group cannot reasonably estimate the duration of any such restrictions. In addition, any permanent or long-term regulations that limit the commission the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group can charge their restaurant partners could have a material adverse effect on their and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s business, results of operations, financial condition and/or prospects. However, as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic, social distancing, government action and consumers’ desires for safer alternatives, an upside for the industry became apparent through increased consumer sign-ups and restaurant sign-ups, greater consumer order frequency and higher average order values (“AOV”). Although this has, in some respects, positively impacted, and continues in some respects to positively impact, performance across the majority of markets in which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group operate and indicates a degree of resilience enjoyed by the online takeaway industry, the performance to date has been dependent on government policy and there remain lockdown scenarios where such resilience and performance may not be possible. Therefore past performance and resiliency should be considered with caution.
In addition, epidemics or pandemics and disease outbreaks, including the COVID-19 pandemic, have resulted in, and may continue to result in, significant disruption of global financial markets, which could reduce the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s ability to access capital and could negatively impact the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s liquidity in the future. As a result of such epidemics or pandemics, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s restaurant partners may also face difficulties accessing credit, which may increase liquidity problems and business closures, and consumer confidence may weaken, resulting in decreased spending and demand for credit, which could have a material adverse effect on the business, results of operations, financial condition and/or prospects of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group.
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The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has a history of net losses and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group could continue to incur substantial net losses in the future, and may not become profitable in the future.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has incurred net losses since its inception, including net losses of €170 million, €121 million and €7 million for the years ended 31 December 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The Grubhub Group has incurred net losses in recent periods, including net losses of $156 million and $19 million for the years ended 31 December 2020 and 2019, respectively. In addition, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and the Grubhub Group’s operating expenses may increase over time, particularly as they make investments to scale and expand their businesses. These investments may not result in increased revenue or higher growth and may prove more expensive than the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group or the Grubhub Group currently anticipates.
In addition, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may encounter unforeseen or unpredictable factors, including unforeseen operating expenses, complications or delays. While each of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and the Grubhub Group’s respective revenue has grown in recent years, this growth rate may not be sustainable, and if their revenue declines or fails to grow at a rate faster than increases in their operating expenses, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group may not achieve or maintain profitability in future periods.
See, also, “—Risks Relating to the Business of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group—The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may not continue to grow at historical rates and may not be able to achieve or maintain profitability across their businesses” beginning on page 50 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
To the extent that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and the Grubhub Group’s financial results have been positively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, such results may not be indicative of results for future periods.
As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group have seen trends towards increasing Orders and the increasing adoption of online payments as the preferred method of payment of its consumers accelerate due to a shift of consumer behavior. Consequently, despite certain adverse impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic (see “—Risks Relating to the Business of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group—Public health issues such as a major pandemic or epidemic, including the long-term continuation or escalation of the COVID-19 outbreak, may have an adverse impact on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s business” beginning on page 48 of this proxy statement/prospectus) the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s business and the Grubhub Group’s business has, in some respects, been positive. However, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group cannot reasonably estimate the duration of the pandemic or future changes in consumer spending patterns as a result of the continuation or conclusion of the pandemic. To the extent that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and the Grubhub Group’s financial results for the year ended 31 December 2020 may have been positively impacted by COVID-19, such results may not be indicative of results for future periods.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may not continue to grow at historical rates and may not be able to achieve or maintain profitability across their businesses.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and the Grubhub Group’s businesses have grown rapidly since their founding in 2000 and 1999, respectively. However, this historical rate of growth is likely to decline in the future. In some more mature markets, such as the Netherlands, the UK and Denmark, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group could be confronted with saturating markets that result in declining growth rates of new consumers, even while the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group continue to add new consumers, which could adversely affect their growth and ability to achieve or maintain profitability across their businesses. In other markets where the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group will be focused on developing their market positions, their growth and ability to achieve or maintain profitability could be adversely affected, in particular, if they fail to establish or expand their market position
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either in absolute terms or relative to their competitors, or if increased marketing expenditures by their competitors in such markets, including in terms of more competitive and therefore more expensive bidding for pay-per-click/pay-per-order marketing initiatives, drive up their performance marketing costs. See “—Risks Relating to the Business of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group—Each of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may not be able to establish, maintain or expand its leadership positions and establish, maintain or increase its profitability in some or all of the jurisdictions in which it currently operates, including as a result of competition” beginning on page 41 of this proxy statement/prospectus. In addition, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s growth and ability to achieve or maintain profitability across their businesses could be adversely affected in such markets, if the shift from ordering food offline to ordering food online and via mobile devices occurs at a slower pace than anticipated.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s success will also depend, to a substantial extent, on the willingness of consumers to continue, and to increase, their use of online services and online food delivery marketplaces as a method of ordering food, rather than to use telephone-based and walk-in services, or other online options, provided by local restaurants and other competitors. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s success also depends on the willingness of restaurants to utilize an online food marketplace. Independent restaurants and chains may opt to provide their own mobile and online ordering solutions, or to continue to rely on traditional offline ordering processes, primarily through the use of paper menus, advertisements and the placement of orders over the telephone. In addition, not all restaurants are willing to offer delivery services, thereby limiting the potential number of restaurants that may participate on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s platforms, although in certain cases such restaurants participate on the platforms on a pick-up basis. This could have a material impact on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s ability to grow their consumer and restaurant network.
In all of their markets, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s growth and ability to achieve or maintain profitability across their businesses, may likewise be constrained by consumers’ failure to increase or maintain the frequency of Orders via their platforms. There may be limited uptake or slower adoption of online food delivery marketplaces, with early adopters already on the platform and other consumers potentially not following suit. As a result, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s value proposition may become less attractive to restaurants, which may result in fewer restaurants participating on the platform, leading to less consumer traffic and less restaurant choice.
Despite the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s positive adjusted EBITDA (as defined in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group—Key Non-IFRS Financial Measures” beginning on page 213 of this proxy statement/prospectus) for the year ended 31 December 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group recorded a net loss for the period, which was mainly driven by acquisition related transaction and integration expenses of €67 million and €35 million, respectively, finance expenses of €30 million, share-based payments of €23 million and share of losses of associates and joint ventures of €16 million (see “—Risks Relating to the Business of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group—The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has a history of net losses and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group could continue to incur substantial net losses in the future, and may not become profitable in the future” beginning on page 50 of this proxy statement/prospectus).
Similarly, the Grubhub Group’s significant growth in new consumers and Orders has been offset by investments to grow its business, including the expansion of its delivery network and increased marketing initiatives to generate organic growth. If the Grubhub Group’s performance is below forecast/expectation, this could consequently impact the ability and degree to which future investment can take place.
There can be no assurance that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group will be able to successfully translate marketing expenditure into Orders, or that they will achieve profitability in markets where the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group are currently not profitable (particularly to the extent they are unable to maintain Order volumes and commission
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rates that generate revenue exceeding marketing expenditure). Any failure to do so would have an impact on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s business, results of operations, financial condition and/or prospects. Ultimately, as each of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s markets has its own unique dynamics, success in any one market may not translate to success in other markets, and different approaches may be necessary in order to achieve or maintain profitability.
Any of the foregoing factors could impact the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s ability to achieve or maintain profitability across their businesses and their financial or operational performance, and their ability to achieve or maintain profitability across their businesses, may be better or worse than currently anticipated. Moreover, the markets in which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group are active and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group will be active, may develop in a manner different from that anticipated by them. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group are subject to the risk that the assumptions underlying their growth strategy may not be accurate and that, consequently, their actual results may differ materially from current expectations or the financial and operational objectives set by them. Any failure by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group to implement or continue their growth strategy successfully may have a material adverse effect on the business, results of operations, financial conditions and/or prospects of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group face certain risks in connection with, and as a result of, their own logistical food delivery services.
In recent years, both the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group have made substantial investments in their own logistical food delivery service businesses and the rollout of their technologies and processes and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group plan to continue to invest in such businesses in the future.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and the Grubhub Group’s roll-out of their own logistical food delivery service businesses has necessitated greater investments in people-related costs, as a logistical food delivery service business model structurally has greater requirements than those associated with online food delivery platforms that are not responsible for making deliveries themselves. Such costs include those related to the acquisition of couriers, software that is used for order forecasting and the management of courier dispatching and, in the case of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group training of and equipment for couriers, such as e-bikes, couriers’ jackets, delivery bags and other equipment. Although the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group take, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group will take such costs into consideration when determining their delivery commission rates, commission rates are not substantial enough in themselves to cover all such costs without additional customer delivery charges. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may not be able to charge commission rates or customer delivery charges in all of their markets, in the future, at a level that would make the provision of their own logistical food delivery services profitable, particularly given increasing competition and the possibility of changing consumer preferences. Furthermore, it is also possible that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may not be able to generate a sufficient number of Orders to optimize the utilization rates of couriers, which is necessary to make logistical food delivery services profitable.
Due to increasing online penetration and the pace of growth of online food ordering and courier churn, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group seek and following Completion, the Enlarged Group will seek to find enough potential couriers to ensure that they are able to respond to all online orders from their consumers in a timely manner. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may not be able to recruit a sufficient number of couriers for various reasons, including competition for the services of such couriers by other delivery services (which could be intensified by other cost-sensitive factors, such as the risk of monthly minimum hour requirements or an increase in the average tenure of couriers),growth in a perception that employment as a courier is unattractive due to the risk of involvement in traffic accidents which arises from operating in congested urban areas with intense traffic, as well as labor law-related restrictions applicable in certain jurisdictions (for example, on the number of hours that couriers can work in a single day or on consecutive days). In addition, irrespective of the Just Eat Takeaway.com
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Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s efforts to maintain the satisfaction of their employees (including that of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s couriers) and independent contractors, the risk of conflicts arising with employees and independent contractors and the emergence of other labor-related disputes has increased, since working conditions in the food industry, particularly in the food delivery business, have come to the attention of labor unions in recent times. For an overview of certain recent developments concerning the classification and working conditions of couriers employed in the food delivery sector, see “—Legal and Regulatory Risks—The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group face, and following Completion the Enlarged Group will face, risks associated with the independent contractor model, which is subject to evolving government regulation of, and judicial intervention in, the “gig economy”. Changes in government regulation of or successful challenges to the independent contractor model used by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group in certain markets may require the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group to change their existing business models and operations” beginning on page 57 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
A number of factors contribute to other uncertainties related to the logistical food delivery service businesses, which will continue to be relevant to the Enlarged Group following Completion. The factors which could impact overall profitability and sustainability of a logistical food delivery service business in a given market include: the extent to which consumers favor restaurants that deliver themselves, as opposed to restaurants for which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group carries out the delivery, the degree to which logistical processes can be optimized, the extent to which efficiencies can be achieved in areas where restaurant, courier and customer demand densities are sub-optimal, external conditions affecting the pricing of couriers, restaurant commissions and delivery fees, and the need to develop solutions in new markets which exhibit different supply, demand and regulatory conditions.
Other operational risks, including potential accidents caused by or involving couriers or the failure to deliver products on time or at all (due to factors such as traffic or technology failure), may impact the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s appeal or result in liabilities, which in turn may negatively affect revenues and/or their reputation.
The materialization of the risks described above could have a material adverse effect on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and/or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s business, reputation, financial condition, results of operations and/or prospects.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may face certain risks in connection with potential software failures in their restaurant management systems which facilitate the receiving and processing of online orders.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group relies and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group will continue to rely upon certain restaurant management systems which facilitate the receiving and processing of online orders by restaurants on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s platforms. In the event of any software failure in any of these restaurant management systems, the ability of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group to service the restaurants in their existing networks and expand their networks of restaurants may be materially adversely affected. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is in the process of improving disaster recovery so as to reduce this risk, but there can be no guarantee that such efforts will reduce or eliminate the risk of software failures. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s risk profile around restaurant software will continue to evolve as they seek to grow their restaurant solutions business with investments such as Practi. See “—Risks Relating to the Business of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group—Any disruptions to each of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s IT systems and related infrastructure, including due to system outages or supply chain failures affecting telecommunications, internet service providers, payment service providers or technology manufacturers upon which they depend, may adversely affect their performance” and “—Risks Relating to the Business of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group—Compromised security measures and performance failures due to hacking, viruses, fraud and other malicious attacks could adversely affect the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s reputation” beginning on pages 45 and 46, respectively, of this proxy statement/prospectus.
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The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may face certain risks in connection with the supply of their restaurant devices.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group relies, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group will continue to rely upon the suppliers of restaurant devices which facilitate the receiving and processing of online orders by restaurants on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s platforms and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s platforms. If any of these suppliers were to terminate its supply relationship with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group or become unable for any reason to supply the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group with the requisite numbers of restaurant devices, the ability of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group to service the restaurants in their existing networks and expand their network of restaurants may be materially adversely affected. Furthermore, in the event of product damage or failure in a particular delivery of restaurant devices, there may be consequential constraints upon the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s ability to supply such devices to restaurants that utilize them.
Any inability to overcome supply constraints to meet higher levels of demand from an expanding network of restaurants may have a material adverse effect on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s reputation, business, financial condition and/or results of operations. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s risk profile around restaurant devices will continue to evolve as they seek to grow their restaurant solutions business and expand their network of restaurants.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group are subject to risks associated with operating with joint venture and other partners.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group participates and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group will participate in and may expand through joint ventures and other collaborative activities with third parties, such as iFood in Brazil. Moreover, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s strategy for entering a new country, particularly in developing markets, may require or be restricted to the purchase of a partial or a controlling interest in an existing entity, whilst retaining that entity’s management, in order to leverage local market knowledge.
There are certain risks associated with joint venture partners, including the risk that joint venture partners may: (i) have economic or business interests or goals that are inconsistent with those of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group; (ii) veto proposals in respect of joint venture operations; (iii) be unable or unwilling to fulfil their obligations under the joint venture or other agreements; or (iv) experience financial or other difficulties.
The materialization of the risk described above could have a material adverse effect on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s business, financial condition, results of operations and/or prospects.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s businesses may be adversely affected by changes in internet search engines’ algorithms or terms of service causing their websites to be excluded from or ranked lower in organic search results.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and the Grubhub Group’s successes depend on, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s success will also depend on, potential and existing consumers’ ability to search for and find their online platforms. Returning and new consumers often rely on online search engines, such as Google, Yahoo and Bing, when contemplating ordering food delivery online. Therefore, higher rankings in such search engines generally result in higher visibility, more visits to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s websites and mobile application downloads, and consequently more Orders. Recognizing this trend, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group are undertaking, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group will undertake, significant marketing efforts to achieve and maintain prominent internet rankings in search engines to attract consumers to their websites, including by attempting to enhance the relevance of their websites to consumer search queries, which is known as search engine optimization (“SEO”). However, search engines often modify the algorithms and ranking criteria that produce search results and, as a result, may adversely affect the algorithmic placement of links, both purchased and otherwise, of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following
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Completion, the Enlarged Group’s websites. There can be no guarantee that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s SEO initiatives will be successful. Any failure to appear prominently in search results, either due to a change of a search engine’s algorithms or their terms of service, which in turn affect the success of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s SEO initiatives, could reduce the amount of traffic to their online food delivery marketplace and thereby harm their businesses and operations.
Furthermore, a large part of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and the Grubhub Group’s marketing budgets are, and following Completion, a large part of the Enlarged Group’s marketing budget will be, spent on search engine marketing or pay-per-click marketing. In general, pricing for pay-per-click marketing is dynamic and depends on bidding on a keyword-by-keyword, or keyword group, basis. The cost per acquisition for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group can be, and following Completion, the cost per acquisition for the Enlarged Group may be, influenced by competition or by changes to search engines’ terms of service with regard to pricing of pay-per-click campaigns. This will especially be the case if the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s competitors in a given market have greater financial resources and, hence, can outspend the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group in pay-per-click marketing. See “—Risks Relating to the Business of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group—Each of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may not be able to establish, maintain or expand its leadership positions and establish, maintain or increase its profitability in some or all of the jurisdictions in which it currently operates, including as a result of competition” beginning on page 41 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and the Grubhub Group’s operations are, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s operations will be, affected by weather conditions, which cause fluctuations in demand.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and the Grubhub Group’s business depends, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s business will depend, to a high degree, on consumer behavior with regard to using online food delivery services. Unexpected weather patterns may affect demand for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s food delivery services at any time throughout the year. While colder, rainy or otherwise more inclement weather typically increases Orders (although, particularly harsh weather may preclude the ability for delivery to take place), warmer or sunnier weather typically decreases Orders. If there are any material periods that are sunnier and/or warmer than historically normal for that period of the year, that could have a material adverse effect on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s business, results of operations and/or financial condition.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group are exposed to, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group will be exposed to, risk relating to the receipt and processing of Online Payments and the collection of commissions arising from cash payments.
In the year ended 31 December 2020, 85% (pro forma for the Just Eat Acquisition) of all Orders through the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s websites or through its mobile application were paid for by means of debit or credit card or other forms of cashless payment (“Online Payments”) and 96% of all Orders through the Grubhub Group’s websites or through its mobile application were paid for by Online Payments in the same period. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group depend on and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group will depend on, third parties, in particular their payment service provider partners and their consumers’ and their own banks, in order to offer Online Payment options to consumers and to provide payment processing services. Any third party’s unwillingness or inability to provide payment processing services for debit or credit card payments may disrupt the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s operations and harm their reputation. In addition, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s results of operations may be adversely affected if banks or payment service providers introduce new terms and conditions that cannot be sustained, or costs that cannot be passed on to consumers.
With regard to credit card payments, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group face, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group will face, an additional payment collection risk. As the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group collect, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group will
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collect, the full merchandise value of each Order paid via an Online Payment on behalf of the relevant restaurant, they may have to bear financial risks related to credit card fraud. Any widespread occurrence of credit card fraud could materially impact the profitability of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group.
A small minority of the restaurants on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s platforms only accept, and following Completion, on the Enlarged Group’s platforms are expected to only accept, cash payments, and for such restaurants, there can be no assurance that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group will be able to collect all amounts due. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group had a loss allowance for trade receivables of €6 million as at 31 December 2020 (increasing from €2 million as at 31 December 2019). To the extent that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group fail to collect substantial amounts due from restaurants, this could have a material adverse effect on their business, results of operations, financial condition and/or prospects.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group are, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group is expected to be, affected by economic conditions across the various markets in which they operate or will operate.
A deterioration in economic conditions in any of the markets in which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group or the Grubhub Group operate or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group will operate, may have an adverse effect on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group (as applicable). For example, there is no certainty regarding the potential scale and severity of the economic effect of COVID-19. See “—Risks Relating to the Business of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group—Public health issues such as a major pandemic or epidemic, including the long-term continuation or escalation of the COVID-19 outbreak, may have an adverse impact on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s business” beginning on page 48 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
In relation to the UK’s exit from the EU on 31 January 2020 (“Brexit”), the UK and the EU Commission announced on 24 December 2020 that they had reached agreement on a draft EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement (“TCA”). The TCA covers a number of topics, including trade in goods and in services, digital trade, intellectual property, social security coordination, law enforcement and judicial cooperation in criminal matters, thematic cooperation and participation in EU programmes. On 29 December 2020, the Council of the EU (the “Council”) adopted, by written procedure, the decision on the signing of the TCA and its provisional application as of 1 January 2021, pending the formal approval of the European Parliament and the adoption of the decision on the conclusion of the TCA by the Council. The UK Parliament ratified the UK’s entry into, and implementation of, the TCA on 30 December 2020 pursuant to the European Union (Future Relationship) Act 2020. As at the date of this proxy statement/prospectus, the TCA remains subject to final approvals from the European Parliament and the Council. Uncertainty regarding the final terms and permanent application of the TCA will remain until the completion of the EU approval process.
As a result of the UK formally leaving the EU, and notwithstanding the agreement of the TCA, the UK has entered into a period of economic and market disruption and political and legal uncertainty. It is not possible to ascertain how long this period will last and the effect it will have on the UK or in the EU in general. None of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group can predict when or if political stability will return. Since the decision by the UK electorate to leave the EU, there has been volatility and disruption of the capital, currency and credit markets, including the market for debt and equity securities. A further weakening of the pound sterling may, as a result of certain investments and expenditures of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group not denominated in pound sterling, have a material adverse effect on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s results. In addition, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s restaurant partners may face difficulties accessing credit, which may increase liquidity problems and business closures. In addition, there has been an impact on consumer confidence, spending and demand for credit, which could have a material adverse effect on the business, results of operations, financial condition and/or prospects of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group.
Such circumstances can be expected to influence consumers’ purchasing behavior and could, for example, cause consumers to cook at home rather than to purchase takeaway food (although consumers may also purchase takeaway food rather than eat out). These changes in consumer behavior could lead to lower overall Orders
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through the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s platforms. In addition, changes in economic conditions may lead to higher costs associated with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s operations, such as in relation to food, labor and energy, which could affect consumer spending behavior and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s results of operations. In addition, there can be no assurance that macroeconomic conditions will not impair the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s ability to obtain financing in the future, and thereby impede the expansion of their operations.
Legal and Regulatory Risks
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and the Grubhub Group’s operations are and will be subject to, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s operations will be subject to, numerous legal and regulatory regimes and their businesses could be harmed by changes to, or interpretation or application of, the laws and regulations of each of the jurisdictions in which they operate.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group face, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group will face, certain inherent risks due to the geographic scope and the nature of their businesses. As at the date of this proxy statement/prospectus, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group operates in seventeen countries in Europe (the Netherlands, the UK, Germany, France, Spain, Italy, Denmark, Ireland, Norway, Belgium, Austria, Poland, Switzerland, Bulgaria, Romania, Portugal and Luxembourg), Israel, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Brazil and Colombia and the Grubhub Group operates throughout the United States. As a result, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group are exposed to laws and regulations which vary, and sometimes conflict, from one jurisdiction to another. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s ability to comply with existing laws and regulations applicable to their businesses across the multiple jurisdictions in which they operate and to predict and adapt to changes in those jurisdictions, is important to their success. Any uncertainty or changes in applicable laws or regulations, in particular in relation to payment services, competition, the internet, e-commerce, consumer protection, cookies, privacy, electronic marketing, platform regulation and legislation or rules relating to the right to be forgotten, or the takeaway restaurant industry specifically, in one or more of the markets in which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group operate, could have a material adverse effect on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s reputation, business, results of operations, financial condition and/or prospects.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group face, and following Completion the Enlarged Group will face, risks associated with the independent contractor model, which is subject to evolving government regulation of, and judicial intervention in, the “gig economy.” Changes in government regulation of or successful challenges to the independent contractor model used by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group in certain markets may require the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group to change their existing business models and operations.
Government regulation of the “gig economy” (a labor market characterized by the prevalence of short-term missions or freelance work as opposed to permanent jobs) has evolved considerably over the past few years and continues to do so. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, in certain of the historical Just Eat markets (the UK, Canada, Ireland, Italy, New Zealand and Australia), and the Grubhub Group have adopted and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group will adopt, an independent contractor model where they engage independent contractors directly as delivery drivers, such that their delivery drivers are not employees of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group, which classification remains subject to evolving government regulation and judicial interpretation. As of 31 December 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group had a total network of over one hundred thousand independent couriers which it engaged as delivery couriers (almost all Orders in Canada and the majority of the Delivery Orders (as defined in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group—Key Performance Indicators” beginning on page 202 of this proxy statement/prospectus) in the United Kingdom are performed by independent contractors) and the Grubhub Group also engages hundreds of thousands of independent contractor delivery drivers.
Due to uncertainties in the interpretation of applicable law, as well as constant legislative evolution, this sector has been subject to scrutiny and, in some cases, the commencement of class actions with workers claiming
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they should have been treated as employees or workers rather than self-employed contractors. For example, in July 2018, a courier on the Skip network filed a putative class action case alleging that all couriers providing services on the Skip network in Canada are employees and not independent contractors. The relevant court has not yet determined if the claim will be accepted as a class action and, if so, which couriers would be included in any such class. In addition, in 2016, two private-hire drivers engaged by Uber in London filed claims in the UK Employment Tribunal arguing that they should be classified as workers rather than self-employed contractors while logged into the Uber smartphone application. Their claims were upheld and, consequently, the claimants were entitled to certain statutory rights, including the right to the national minimum wage, the right to receive paid annual leave and the benefit of certain statutory protections afforded to “whistleblowers.” Uber subsequently filed successive appeals to the UK Employment Appeal Tribunal and the UK Court of Appeal before finally appealing to the UK Supreme Court. In February 2021, the UK Supreme Court dismissed Uber’s final appeal and upheld the drivers’ classification as “workers.” It is possible that the UK Supreme Court’s decision may inform the outcome of subsequent proceedings involving similar claims by individuals active in the United Kingdom’s “gig economy,” which may include the delivery drivers engaged by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group in the United Kingdom.
As an example of the changing regulatory landscape in the United States, on 1 January 2020, California Assembly Bill 5 (“AB5”) came into effect, which codifies a test to determine whether a worker is an employee or independent contractor under California law. In November 2020, a California ballot initiative was passed to supersede AB5. Specifically, Proposition 22 (“Prop 22”) exempts app-based workers, including delivery drivers, from being classified as employees and provides for certain minimum compensation levels, as well as certain other requirements. Prop 22 is now in effect, and therefore the Grubhub Group’s costs related to drivers have increased in California. This cost increase could lead the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group, to charge higher diner fees and higher restaurant commissions, which in turn could lower order volume. Other states where the Grubhub Group operates may consider legislation similar to Prop 22, which would be expected to increase the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s costs related to drivers in such jurisdictions and could similarly adversely impact results of operations.
In addition, in February 2021, the European Commission (the “EC”) launched the first phase of a consultation designed to address challenges experienced by those engaged in platform work within the EU. This includes the work carried out by drivers engaged by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group in the EU. The consultation seeks social partners’ views on whether EU-wide measures are required to address, among other things, platform workers’ employment status, working conditions, access to social protection and access to collective representation and bargaining. The consultation may lead to EU-wide legislative reform which may affect the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s ability to operate its current independent contractor model within the EU.
In certain jurisdictions, the independent contractor model operated by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has been subject to direct regulatory challenge. For example, in Australia, Just Eat Takeaway.com’s subsidiary Menulog Pty. Ltd. (“Menulog”) received a position paper from the Australian Taxation Office (the “ATO”) on 11 September 2019 stating that the couriers engaged by Menulog should be considered employees rather than independent contractors. Menulog has challenged this based on the legislation and recent case law. The ATO provided Menulog in April 2021 with a Draft Decision Paper in which it reiterates its previous decision and stipulates that the guidance should be applied retrospectively. Menulog continues to evaluate its approach towards, and any potential objections to, the Draft Decision Paper. As a further example, in Italy, Just-Eat Italy S.r.l. (“Just-Eat Italy”) received orders from the public prosecutor and labor, social security and public insurance inspectors on 24 February 2021 that state that couriers engaged by Just-Eat Italy should be considered “workers”, known in Italy as ‘co.co.co.’, instead of independent contractors. In connection thereto, Just-Eat Italy was ordered to pay salaries and apply working conditions in line with applicable laws and regulations for co.co.co. in the logistics sector. On 1 April 2021 Just-Eat Italy received a further order with the calculation of the social security contributions for said couriers, amounting in total to €11 million, including fines for late payment. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group continues to evaluate its approach towards, and any potential objections to, the orders. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s business plans in Italy include discontinuation of delivery with independent contractors and the roll-out of an employed courier delivery model.
As a result of uncertainties surrounding the interpretation of applicable law and the evolving legislative and regulatory landscape concerning the “gig economy”, there is a risk that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the
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Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s independent contractor models in Australia, Canada, Ireland, Italy, New Zealand, the UK and the US may be subject to further challenge. Successful challenges may result in the couriers engaged by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group being reclassified as employees or workers rather than self-employed contractors, and/or becoming entitled to additional employment-related benefits and protections. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group are growing and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may continue to grow their delivery services. As a result, to the extent such growth involves engaging additional independent contractors, the effects of any such successful challenges may be material. It is also possible that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group, may be subjected to fines and/or other sanctions in respect of their independent contractor models. Such events could have a material and adverse effect on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s business, results of operations, financial condition and/or prospects.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s operations involve the processing of personal data of consumers, restaurant owners and contracted couriers, which processing is regulated under privacy and data protection laws and governmental regulations. Compliance with such laws and regulations could give rise to additional costs and failure to comply, including as the result of security breaches, could give rise to liabilities and could have a material and adverse effect on their reputation, business, financial condition, results of operations and/or prospects as a result of privacy and data protection laws and governmental regulations and risks of security breaches.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and the Grubhub Group’s operations involve, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s operations will involve, the processing of personal data of consumers, restaurant owners and contracted couriers. In its capacity as an online food delivery marketplace and as a facilitator of Online Payments, such as PayPal or iDeal, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group acts, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group will act, as an intermediary or agent, as applicable, between restaurants, consumers purchasing from these restaurants, and entities controlling the payment methods that the consumers choose to use (such as iDeal, PayPal or credit and debit card issuers). In furtherance of the services the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group provide, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group will provide, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group receive, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group will receive, personal data of consumers, restaurant owners and contracted couriers.Such personal data includes identification data, location data, and payment transaction data that consumers supply when they wish to make a payment for an order (such as the consumer’s name and, in some cases, payment method details), or in the case of restaurant owners and contracted couriers, bank routing and account information so that they can hold a business account and receive payments from the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group.
Consequently, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group are subject, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group will be subject, to the privacy rules of the countries in which they operate, including, in the EU, Regulation (EU)2016/679 (the “EU General Data Protection Regulation” or “EU GDPR”). Any failure to comply with applicable data protection and privacy laws may harm the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s reputation or lead to investigations, sanctions, penalties, proceedings or actions against the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group by governmental agencies or other persons, including class action litigation in certain jurisdictions. In addition, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group face, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group will face, the possibility of security breaches, which themselves may result in a violation of applicable data protection and privacy laws (see “—Risks Relating to the Business of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group—Compromised security measures and performance failures due to hacking, viruses, fraud and other malicious attacks could adversely affect the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s reputation” beginning on page 46 of this proxy statement/prospectus). Any failure of each of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group and their affiliated restaurants, partners, service providers or others to adequately protect personal or sensitive data could have a material and adverse effect on their reputation, business, financial condition, results of operations and/or prospects.
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The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group operate in certain countries with stringent food safety laws and laws related to the sales of alcohol, in each case, applicable to restaurants listed on their respective platforms and such laws may also apply to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group, which could result in increased compliance costs as well as liability for, and material damage to their reputations as a result of, non-compliance with such laws.
Stringent food safety laws and laws related to the sales of alcohol imposed by the countries where the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group operate (including, in the EU, EU laws implemented in national legislation) apply to the restaurants that are listed on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and the Grubhub Group’s platforms and, following Completion, on the platforms to be operated by the Enlarged Group. This includes laws with respect to the identification of allergen-related information, additives and/or ingredients in the foods that are sold on, and age verification of customers who order alcoholic beverages on, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s or the Grubhub Group’s platforms. Such laws may also apply to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group, which could result in increased compliance costs, including as a result of non-compliance. In certain markets the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group provide allergen-related food information to consumers on its platforms on behalf of restaurants. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group cannot rule out the possibility that they may be held liable for non-compliance with the laws and regulations relating to the provision of food information, or due to the provision of inaccurate information. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group cannot rule out that any non-compliance would result in material damage to their reputation, in particular if there should be a case of injury or death connected with any such non-compliance. See “Additional Information—Regulatory—Food Information Regulation” beginning on page 191 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group are subject to extensive government regulation and oversight relating to the provision of payment and financial services. Failure to comply with, loss of privileges pursuant to or material modifications to applicable regulations could severely impact their ability to process payments or result in penalties or costly and time consuming remediation efforts.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is and will continue to be affected by and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group will be affected by, the revised Payment Services Directive 2015/2366/EU (“PSD II”) and its implementation in the European countries in which they operate because they operate regulated payment services in multiple countries in the European Economic Area (“EEA”). PSD II was implemented in the Netherlands, entering into force on 19 February 2019. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group relies on an intra-group licensed payment service provider for its payment services under PSD II in respect of all EEA countries (other than Bulgaria and Romania) where Takeaway.com historically operated prior to the Just Eat Acquisition. In the applicable EEA countries where Just Eat historically operated prior to being acquired by Takeaway.com (except for France, where the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group relies on a separate exemption), the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group relies on an exemption under PSD II, the so-called commercial agent exemption, and therefore the payment services it provides are not regulated and do not require a license. For the historical operations of Just Eat, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group may continue to rely on this exemption because it receives payments as a commercial agent authorized via an agreement to negotiate or conclude the sale of goods on behalf of the restaurants and does not act as a commercial agent on behalf of the consumers. Takeaway.com Payments B.V. has obtained a license from the Dutch Central Bank (De Nederlandsche Bank N.V., the “DNB”) in accordance with PSD II and as payment institution falls under the supervision of the DNB. Should Takeaway.com Payments B.V.’s license be revoked by the DNB in the future, or other enforcement measures be taken by DNB, such as imposing penalties and/or forcing the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group to cease offering certain payment facilities, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s ability to process Online Payments in the manner and historical markets of Takeaway.com would be severely impacted and/or the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may be forced to involve third-party payment service providers, or be subjected to a combination of the possible consequences referred to above.
In addition, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, in the countries where payments are not facilitated by Takeaway.com Payments B.V., and the Grubhub Group are, and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group will be, subject to the Payment Card Industry (“PCI”) and Data Security Standard (the “Standard”). The Standard is a
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comprehensive set of requirements for enhancing payment account data security that was developed by the PCI Security Standards Council to help facilitate the broad adoption of consistent data security measures. The Grubhub Group is, and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group will be, required by payment card network rules to comply with the Standard, and their failure to do so may result in fines or restrictions on their ability to accept payment cards. Under certain circumstances specified in the payment card network rules, the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may be required to submit to periodic audits, self-assessments or other assessments of their compliance with the Standard. Such activities may reveal that the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group have failed to comply with the Standard. If an audit, self-assessment or other test determines that the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group need to take steps to remediate any deficiencies, such remediation efforts may distract their management teams and require costly and time consuming remediation efforts. In addition, even if the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group comply with the Standard, there is no assurance that they will be protected from a security breach.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group are, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group will be, subject to pricing and platform regulations and may become subject to related litigation or regulatory inquiries. Modifications to pricing and/or platform regulations or the outcome of related litigation or regulatory inquiries may, among other things, require changes to the pricing models of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group and may negatively impact financial results and/or increase their costs of doing business.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group are, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group will be, subject to pricing regulations in the jurisdictions in which they operate. The implementation of European Directive 2011/83/EU on consumer rights has in the past affected and may continue to affect the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s operations. For example, in 2018, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group terminated its payment services fees in Belgium, and the overall impact on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s revenue resulting from the elimination of this processing fee has only been partially offset by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s introduction on 1 October 2018 of a €0.19 administration fee chargeable to restaurants in Belgium, regardless of method of payment.
Additionally, fees and commissions charged by online food delivery marketplaces and other business practices of online platforms are currently under increased scrutiny and are expected to continue to be subject to political and public debate in the jurisdictions in which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group operate. This increased scrutiny may lead to changes in platform regulation or legislation, negative publicity or investigations or litigation commenced by governmental authorities or other parties. For example, in July 2019, the EC enacted Regulation (EU) 2019/1150 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 June 2019 on promoting fairness and transparency for business users of online intermediation services (“Regulation (EU) 2019/1150”), which imposes certain transparency obligations on online intermediation services and online search engines by requiring marketplaces to disclose the main parameters, including paid ranking, if applicable, used to rank goods and services on their sites. Regulation (EU) 2019/1150 has in the past affected and may continue to affect the form and content of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s terms and conditions. Moreover, as a result of discussions with the Dutch Competition Authority in 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group was required to provide disclosure to consumers relating to the “TopRank” service that allows restaurants to pay for higher search result positions in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s platforms, which disclosure the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has sought to provide through the explanation offered by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group on a separate page on its platform describing how the ranking is constructed, including the role of sponsoring therein.
Further changes in platform regulation, legislation or related litigation resulting from such increased scrutiny may require changes to certain business practices of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group, including changes to fees and commissions. Changes to fees and commissions may, among other things, negatively affect the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s ability to generate revenue or result in dissatisfaction or loss of consumers or restaurants on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s respective platforms. Similarly, in response to COVID-19, a number of jurisdictions in the United States have implemented or are considering implementing fee caps, fee disclosure requirements and similar measures that have negatively impacted the Grubhub Group’s financial results, and following Completion, could negatively impact the Enlarged Group’s financial results and/or increase its cost of
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doing business. See “—Risks Relating to the Business of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group—Public health issues such as a major pandemic or epidemic, including the long-term continuation or escalation of the COVID-19 outbreak, may have an adverse impact on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s business” beginning on page 48 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group are, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group will be, subject to the competition laws of the countries they operate in and changes in, or their failure to comply with, competition laws could adversely affect their businesses, results of operations, financial condition and/or prospects.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group are, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group will be, subject to the competition laws of the countries they operate in and such laws may restrict the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s ability to agree with restaurants on a price guarantee (that is, the guarantee that restaurants do not charge consumers a lower price for the same food if ordered directly through the restaurant’s own online order channels, or if applicable via another online platform, as opposed to if ordered via the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s platforms). Competition authorities in a number of the markets in which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group are active and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group will be active have considered the impact of such price guarantees. For example, in 2015, the German competition authority found certain price clauses in a different industry to be in breach of the applicable competition rules. However, this decision was overturned by the Higher Regional Court of Düsseldorf in June 2019. The judgment is now being appealed by the German competition authority before the German Federal Court. Accordingly, there is a risk that the price guarantee clauses in agreements between certain restaurants and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group, could be found to violate competition laws. Any such violations of competition law could result in fines, the relevant terms or the agreements themselves being unenforceable, consequential amendments to agreements, claims for damages and reputational damage, each of which could potentially have a material adverse effect on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s business, results of operations, financial condition and/or prospects.
Further, in October 2019, the Grubhub Group announced a series of growth initiatives to drive diner acquisition and retention, including a significant expansion of non-partnered restaurants listed on the Grubhub Group’s platform in addition to restaurants that have entered into partnerships with the Grubhub Group. In 2020, non-partnered restaurants represented less than four percent (4%) of the Grubhub Group’s total revenue. However, non-partnered restaurants may not want to be included on the Grubhub Group’s or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s platforms and, if included, may request to be removed. In addition, there is a risk that, if included, non-partnered restaurants may bring legal claims against the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group relating to their inclusion on the Grubhub Group’s or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s platforms. There is also a risk that state or local law is enacted to prevent platforms like those of the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group from including non-partnered restaurants on their platforms. For example, the California Legislature passed legislation, California Assembly Bill 2149 (“AB 2149”), which became effective on 1 January 2021. AB 2149 prohibits, among other things, food delivery logistics platforms from facilitating deliveries from restaurants in California without the restaurants’ prior consent. Similar prohibitions have also been enacted in other jurisdictions within the United States. To the extent that the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group are required to remove non-partnered restaurants from their platforms for any reason, this may adversely affect their ability to attract and retain consumers and could directly and adversely affect the Grubhub Group’s or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s business, financial condition and results of operations.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group are, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group will be, subject to the tax laws and regulations of different jurisdictions, changes to which could materially affect their businesses, results of operations, and financial condition.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group are, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group will be, subject to the tax laws and regulations of different jurisdictions. Given that tax laws and regulations are subject to frequent change and their meaning is not always clear-cut or definitive, the tax positions taken by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group or the Grubhub Group are sometimes based on their
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interpretations of such laws and regulations. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group cannot guarantee that such interpretations will not be questioned or challenged by the relevant authorities. More generally, any failure to comply with the tax laws or regulations applicable to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may result in reassessments, late payment interest, fines and penalties. In addition, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s effective average tax rate and tax costs from period to period will be affected by many factors, including changes in tax legislation, global mix of earnings, the tax characteristics of their income, the timing and recognition of impairments, acquisitions and dispositions, integration of businesses, including the Transaction, and intercompany transfers of intangibles, adjustments to their reserves related to uncertain tax positions, changes in valuation allowances and tax treatment of riders. Also, a material change in applicable laws and regulations, or in their interpretation or enforcement, may force the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group to alter their business strategy, leading to additional costs or loss of revenue. As future developments, including initiatives relating to the taxation of the digital economy and taxation of self-employed individuals, are uncertain and partly beyond management’s control, assumptions are necessary to estimate future tax costs, taxable profits as well as the period in which deferred tax assets will recover. See “The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group face, and following Completion the Enlarged Group will face, risks associated with the independent contractor model, which is subject to evolving government regulation of, and judicial intervention in, the “gig economy.” Changes in government regulation of or successful challenges to the independent contractor model used by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group in certain markets may require the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group to change their existing business models and operations” beginning on page 57 of this proxy statement/prospectus. Any significant increase in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s tax burden due to the factors described above is likely to have a material adverse effect on their results of operations, business, financial condition and/or prospects. In addition, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and the Grubhub Group’s tax returns are subject to regular review and examination. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group cannot guarantee that any tax audit or tax dispute to which they may be subject in the future will result in a favorable outcome. There is a risk that any such audit or dispute could result in additional taxes payable by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group. In any such case, substantial additional tax liabilities and ancillary charges could be imposed on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group, which could increase their effective tax rate.
In addition, the Grubhub Group is and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group will be subject to varying state tax laws in the United States. If the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group is deemed an agent for the restaurants in its network under state tax law, the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may be deemed responsible for collecting and remitting sales taxes directly to certain states. It is possible that one or more states could seek to impose sales, use or other tax collection obligations on the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group with regard to such food sales. These taxes may be applicable to past sales. A successful assertion that the Grubhub Group or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group should be collecting additional sales, use or other taxes or remitting such taxes directly to states could result in substantial tax liabilities for past sales and additional administrative expenses, which would harm the business and results of operations of the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s financial position may be adversely affected by the results of an ongoing dispute with the Danish Tax Authority.
In 2012, the Just Eat transfer pricing arrangements were updated, in line with the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines, to reflect the commercial and economic reality of its headquarters being established in the UK, whereas previously Just Eat was headquartered in Denmark. An Advanced Pricing Agreement (“APA”) was submitted to the Danish and UK competent authorities to obtain certainty over the position taken. Subsequently, the Danish Tax Authority opened a local transfer pricing audit into the periods covered by the APA and in January 2018 issued a formal notice of assessment from their findings, making a claim that the taxable income for fiscal year 2013 should be increased in relation to intellectual property income, equaling an additional tax payment of £126 million, including penalties and interest (which have continued to accrue since then). The Just
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Eat Takeaway.com Group strongly disagrees with the claim made by the Danish Tax Authority and has appealed the assessment through the Mutual Agreement Process (the “MAP”) between Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs and the Danish Tax Authority. During the MAP, the two tax authorities enter into discussions with the intention of resolving the transfer pricing dispute. Just Eat’s case was formally accepted into the MAP in April 2018. Under the MAP, the tax authorities have two years to reach a resolution. As a resolution has not been reached, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is able to refer the case to an independent arbitration panel which will consider the facts and reach its own conclusion. As the tax authorities appear to be making progress regarding Just Eat’s case, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has not yet requested that the matter be referred to arbitration but reserves the right to do so should the tax authorities not make progress with the matter within a reasonable timeframe. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group expects the outcome to be a full elimination of the potential double taxation, but there is no guarantee of such outcome. Such an outcome may result in a reallocation of income between the UK and Denmark with different tax rates applying over a different period, with net interest charges. The net interest charges may be substantial and may adversely affect the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s financial position.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may be adversely affected if they fail to obtain or maintain adequate protection for their intellectual property rights.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s intellectual property rights, whether developed organically or acquired as a result of an acquisition (in particular, website domain names and trademarks), are crucial for the operation of their businesses. These intellectual property rights protect the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s brands and are and will be at the core of their efforts to raise consumer awareness for their services and are thus directly related to their reputation. Each of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group are, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group will be, dependent on their ability to protect and promote their intellectual property rights, specifically their trademarks.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group cannot guarantee that third parties will not infringe upon the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s trademark rights, or that a third party will not purchase domain names that are identical to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s domain names, with the exception of its extension. In addition, each of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may be unable to adequately register and protect its trademarks or purchase at a reasonable price relevant domain names as it enters new markets.
Should the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s trademarks be challenged or infringed upon, or should they be unable to adequately register and protect trademarks or purchase domain names when entering new markets, this may have an adverse effect on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s brands and, as a result, on their businesses, results of operations and/or financial condition.
Risks Relating to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s Capital Structure
To the extent that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s cash flow demands may change in executing their growth strategies in the medium to long-term, they will be more dependent on external sources of capital, and access to such additional sources could be restricted for a variety of reasons.
While the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group relies and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group is expected to rely, primarily on cash flow from operations and, where required, existing cash reserves to fund its business and financial obligations (for example, interest payments), it may not always generate sufficient cash flow to finance acquisitions and major transitional projects in the medium to long-term. Consequently, the execution of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s growth strategy may require access to external sources of capital. For example, Just Eat Takeaway.com issued the Convertible Bonds 2019 in 2019, the Convertible Bonds 2020 in 2020 and the Convertible Bonds 2021 in 2021, respectively. Any limitations on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s access to capital on satisfactory terms, or at all, could impair their ability to execute their growth strategy in the future and could reduce their liquidity and ability to make dividend distributions.
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No assurance can be given that financing will continue to be available to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group on acceptable terms, or at all. Limitations on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s access to capital, including on their ability to issue debt and equity, could result from events or causes beyond their control, such as significant increases in interest rates, increases in the risk premium generally required by investors, decreases in the availability of credit or the tightening of terms required by lenders. Any limitations on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s ability to secure additional capital, continue their existing finance arrangements or refinance existing obligations could limit their liquidity, financial flexibility or cash flows and affect their ability to execute their strategic plans, which could have a material adverse effect on their businesses, results of operations, financial condition and/or prospects.
Failure of Just Eat Takeaway.com to comply with the covenants and other obligations contained in the Just Eat Facility, the Convertible Bonds or, following Completion, the Grubhub Senior Notes could result in an event of default. Any failure to repay or refinance the outstanding debt under the Just Eat Facility, the Convertible Bonds or the Grubhub Senior Notes when due could have a material adverse effect on Just Eat Takeaway.com’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s business.
Just Eat Takeaway.com is currently in compliance with all covenants under the Just Eat Facility and the Convertible Bonds, and Grubhub is currently in compliance with all covenants under the Grubhub Senior Notes. However, an event of default under any of the Just Eat Facility, the Convertible Bonds or, following Completion, the Grubhub Senior Notes that is not cured or waived in accordance with its terms could result in lenders representing 66.6% of commitments accelerating the Just Eat Facility, the acceleration of the Convertible Bonds and/or, following Completion, the acceleration of the Grubhub Senior Notes. An acceleration of any of the foregoing would cause the outstanding amount owed under the Just Eat Facility (nil as at 31 December 2020), the Convertible Bonds (€250 million and €300 million aggregate principal amount of the Convertible Bonds 2019 and the Convertible Bonds 2020, respectively, as at 31 December 2020 and €1,100 million aggregate principal amount of the Convertible Bonds 2021 issued on 9 February 2021) or the Grubhub Senior Notes ($500 million as at 31 December 2020), as applicable, to become immediately due and payable. There may not be sufficient cash flow available to fully repay Just Eat Takeaway.com’s or, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s outstanding debt under the Just Eat Facility, the Convertible Bonds or the Grubhub Senior Notes when due upon an acceleration or on the maturity date. Just Eat Takeaway.com and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may not be able to secure additional capital or refinance on satisfactory terms, or at all, which could limit their liquidity, financial flexibility or cash flows and affect their ability to execute their strategic plans, which could have a material adverse effect on their businesses, results of operations, financial condition and/or prospects.
Fluctuations in currency exchange rates may significantly impact the presentation of the Enlarged Group’s financial results following Completion.
Following Completion, a substantial portion of the Enlarged Group’s consolidated revenue will be denominated in euro, pounds sterling and U.S. dollars, with the remainder denominated in the local currencies of the other countries in which the Enlarged Group will operate. Following Completion, the Enlarged Group generally will seek to match the currency of its revenue and expenses for its operations in each jurisdiction to reduce the exposure to currency fluctuations but, in limited circumstances, the revenue and expenses may be in different currencies and, therefore, subject to foreign exchange risk due to related gains and losses from the conversion into functional currency (the currency of the jurisdiction in which the operation operates) of any foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities (“Transaction Effects”).
If the Transaction is completed, Grubhub Shares will be exchanged for New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs. Unlike Grubhub Shares, as a consequence of the listing of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares on the LSE and Euronext Amsterdam and the listing of Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs on Nasdaq, Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares are quoted in pounds sterling on the LSE and in euro on Euronext Amsterdam, while New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs will be quoted in U.S. dollars on Nasdaq. Dividends (if any) in respect of New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs will be declared in euro (or pounds sterling for holders of Just Eat Takeaway.com CDIs) and converted into U.S. dollars by the depositary bank for New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs. Fluctuations in the exchange rate between euro and U.S. dollars will affect, among other matters, the U.S. dollar value of New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and of any dividends in respect of such shares, including any such shares represented by New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs. In addition, the Just
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Eat Takeaway.com Group presents, and following Completion, the Enlarged Group will present, their consolidated financial statements in euro. Consequently, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s financial results in any given period may be materially affected by both Transaction Effects and the effect of translation of its foreign operations’ respective functional currencies to euro, the presentation currency of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements.
A potential future delisting of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares from Euronext Amsterdam may result in non-compliance with the terms and conditions of the Convertible Bonds 2019 and in Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders not being able to hold Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares.
Just Eat Takeaway.com is conducting a review to determine the optimal listing venues for its long term future. As part of this assessment, Just Eat Takeaway.com is considering, among other things, liquidity and trading volumes across the listings it has in Amsterdam and London and, following Completion, on Nasdaq. Therefore, Just Eat Takeaway.com no longer intends to delist the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares from Euronext Amsterdam as soon as possible, and Just Eat Takeaway.com will remain listed on Euronext Amsterdam until a further decision has been made. Following completion of its review of listing venues, Just Eat Takeaway.com may determine to delist the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares from Euronext Amsterdam.
The Convertible Bonds 2019 currently in issue are listed on Euronext Amsterdam. Under the terms and conditions of the Convertible Bonds 2019, a delisting of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares from Euronext Amsterdam would trigger an event of default (if not cured for a period of 30 days after receipt of written notice from the Trustee (as defined in the terms and conditions of the Convertible Bonds 2019) specifying the default and that such default be remedied). Should a future delisting of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares from Euronext Amsterdam occur, Just Eat Takeaway.com will take such action as may be necessary to ensure compliance with the terms and conditions of the Convertible Bonds 2019. In order to ensure compliance with the terms and conditions of the Convertible Bonds 2019, before delisting from Euronext Amsterdam, Just Eat Takeaway.com would be required to either (i) obtain the approval of an Extraordinary Resolution by persons who are registered as the owners of the Convertible Bonds 2019 on the register of the Convertible Bonds 2019 maintained by ABN AMRO Bank N.V. (acting as Registrar) (the “2019 Bondholders”) representing not less than 75% of the aggregate principal amount of outstanding Convertible Bonds 2019 or (ii) obtain the prior written approval of Stichting Trustee Takeaway.com (which approval can be given if, in the opinion of Stichting Trustee Takeaway.com, it is not materially prejudicial to the interest of the 2019 Bondholders).
If Just Eat Takeaway.com determines to delist the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares from Euronext Amsterdam, Just Eat Takeaway.com expects it will take the necessary steps when appropriate. However, there can be no assurance that Just Eat Takeaway.com will be able to ensure compliance with such terms and conditions in a timely manner or at all. In addition, in the event of a future delisting of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares from Euronext Amsterdam, such delisting may result in Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders whose Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares trade on Euronext Amsterdam concluding that to continue to hold Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares that trade solely on the London Stock Exchange or in the form of ADSs on Nasdaq is impractical or difficult due to listing, tax or other considerations or—in the case of index funds—Just Eat Takeaway.com not being a participant in the index in which they are investing, which would in effect result in such Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders being forced to sell their Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares at a disadvantageous moment.
Risks Relating to the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs
Future issuances of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs or debt securities convertible into Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, or the perceived likelihood thereof, could lower the market price of New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and adversely affect Just Eat Takeaway.com’s ability to raise capital in the future. Conversion of the Convertible Bonds or further share issuances could also dilute the interests of holders of New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs.
Just Eat Takeaway.com has issued the Convertible Bonds, which may during their lifetime convert into new Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares. The Convertible Bonds may be converted into, in aggregate, 13,934,224 Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, which would result in Just Eat Takeaway.com’s issued share capital increasing by approximately 9% relative to the number of existing Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares in issue as at 20 April 2020, the last practicable trading day before the date of this proxy statement/prospectus. Any time that any Convertible
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Bonds are converted into Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, holders of existing Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares (who are not also converting holders of such Convertible Bonds) will suffer an immediate dilution as a result of such conversions. Just Eat Takeaway.com may in the future again seek to raise capital through public or private debt, or equity financings, which may involve the issuance of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or debt securities convertible into Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or rights to acquire these securities. In addition, Just Eat Takeaway.com may in the future seek to issue additional Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs as consideration for, or otherwise in connection with, the acquisition of new businesses. Furthermore, Just Eat Takeaway.com may issue new Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares in the context of any new arrangements involving employees and/or Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board nominees.
In the case of a future issuance of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares for cash, the then-existing Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders are generally entitled to full statutory preemption rights under Dutch law. By virtue of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s listing on the premium listing segment of the UK Official List, Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders are also entitled to the benefit of preemption rights as provided for under the Listing Rules. Subject to the Listing Rules, these rights may be limited or excluded either by virtue of Dutch law, the Articles, a resolution of the General Meeting upon the proposal of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board, which proposal has been approved by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board or by a resolution of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board subject to the approval of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board if the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board has been designated by the General Meeting as the corporate body authorized to limit or exclude preemption rights. Any such issuance of additional Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares may dilute a Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder’s interest in Just Eat Takeaway.com if such investor does not participate, or is not eligible to participate, in any such issuances on a basis pro rata to their then-existing shareholdings.
Furthermore, any additional debt or equity financing which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group may need may not be available on terms favorable to it or at all, which could adversely affect the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s future plans and the market price of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs. Any additional offering or issuance of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs or the perception that an offering or issuance may occur could also have a negative impact on the market price of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and could increase the volatility in the trading price of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs.
Future sales of a substantial number of Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs or Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, or the market’s anticipation or consideration thereof, may adversely affect the market price of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs or New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares following Completion.
The market price of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares could decline if a substantial number of either Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs or Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares is sold by Just Eat Takeaway.com or significant Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders in the public market, or if there is an anticipation in the market that such sales could occur. Any sale of Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs or Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares by any or all of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors could be considered as a lack of confidence in the performance and prospects of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and could cause the market price of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs or New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares to decline.
Grubhub Stockholders receiving New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs in connection with the Transaction may sell those New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs immediately in the public market. It is likely that some Grubhub Stockholders, including some of its larger shareholders, will sell their New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, for reasons such as the Enlarged Group’s business profile or market capitalization no longer fitting their investment objectives, or they consider holding New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs to be impractical or difficult due to listing, tax or other considerations. The sales of significant numbers of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, or the perception in the market that this will occur, may decrease the market price of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares.
Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders outside the Netherlands may suffer dilution if they are unable to exercise preemptive rights in future offerings.
In the event of an increase in Just Eat Takeaway.com’s share capital, Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders are generally entitled to full preemptive rights, unless these rights are limited or excluded either by virtue of
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Dutch law, the Articles, a resolution of the General Meeting upon the proposal of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board, which is subject to the approval of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board, or by a resolution of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board subject to the approval of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board if the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board has been designated by the General Meeting as the corporate body authorized to limit or exclude preemption rights. In addition, certain Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders outside the Netherlands may not be able to exercise preemptive rights, and therefore suffer dilution, unless local securities laws have been complied with.
In particular, any Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders that are U.S. persons may not be able to exercise their preemptive rights or participate in a rights offer, as the case may be, unless a registration statement under the Securities Act is effective with respect to such rights or an exemption from the registration requirements is available. Just Eat Takeaway.com cannot assure investors that any registration statement would be filed so as to enable the exercise of such holders’ preemptive rights or participation in a rights offer.
Just Eat Takeaway.com’s ability to pay any future dividends will depend on a number of factors, principally, Completion, its financial condition and results of operations, and the receipt of sufficient dividends from its subsidiaries.
Just Eat Takeaway.com intends to retain any profits to expand its growth and development and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s business and, therefore, does not anticipate paying dividends to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders in the foreseeable future. See “Description of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares—Dividends and Other Distributions—Dividend Policy” beginning on page 275 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Distribution of dividends may only take place after the adoption of the annual accounts referred to in Section 2:391 BW (the “Annual Accounts”) by the General Meeting, which show that the distribution is allowed. Just Eat Takeaway.com may only make distributions to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders insofar as Just Eat Takeaway.com’s equity exceeds the sum of the paid-in and called-up share capital increased by the reserves as required to be maintained by Dutch law or by the Articles. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board determines, with the approval of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board, whether all or part of the profit shall be added to the reserve, and any profit remaining thereafter shall be at the disposal of the General Meeting.
Just Eat Takeaway.com is a holding company with no material, direct business operations that conducts its business mainly through its subsidiaries. As a result, Just Eat Takeaway.com is dependent on loans, dividends and other payments from these subsidiaries to generate the funds necessary to meet its financial obligations, including the payment of dividends. Just Eat Takeaway.com’s ability to pay dividends will depend directly on Just Eat Takeaway.com’s subsidiaries’ distributions to it. The amount and timing of such distributions will depend on the laws of such subsidiaries’ respective jurisdictions. The distribution by Just Eat Takeaway.com of an interim dividend and the distribution of dividends in the form of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares are subject to the prior approval of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board. See “Description of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares—Dividends and Other Distributions” beginning on page 274 of this proxy statement/prospectus. Any of these factors, individually or in combination, could restrict Just Eat Takeaway.com’s ability to pay dividends.
The rights and responsibilities of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder are governed by Dutch law and will differ in some respects from the rights and obligations of shareholders under the laws of other jurisdictions.
Just Eat Takeaway.com is, and following the Transaction will remain, incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands. Accordingly, Just Eat Takeaway.com’s corporate structure, as well as the rights and obligations of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders, may be different from the rights and obligations of shareholders of companies organized under the laws of other jurisdictions. The exercise of certain shareholders’ rights by Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders outside the Netherlands may be more difficult and costly to pursue than the exercise of rights in a company organized under the laws of other jurisdictions. Resolutions of the General Meeting may be adopted with majorities different from the majorities required for adoption of equivalent resolutions in companies organized under the laws of other jurisdictions. Any action to contest any of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s corporate actions must be filed with, and will be reviewed by, a Dutch court, in accordance with Dutch law. See “Comparison of Shareholder Rights” beginning on page 289 of this proxy statement/prospectus for a discussion of the different rights associated with Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and Grubhub Shares.
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In addition, holders of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs will be able to exercise the shareholder rights for the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares represented by such New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs through the depositary bank, but only to the extent contemplated by the deposit agreement. Only registered holders of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares are afforded the rights of shareholders under Dutch law and the Articles. The depositary bank holds New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares represented by New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs through a custodian. As such custodian is a participant in the Euroclear Nederland securities settlement system, Euroclear Nederland (or its nominee) is the registered holder of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares represented by New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs. Consequently, the holders of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs must rely on the depositary bank to exercise the rights of a shareholder via its custodian and Euroclear Nederland.
Holders of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs are entitled to present New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs to the depositary bank for cancellation and withdraw the corresponding number of underlying New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares (to the extent contemplated by the deposit agreement), but would be responsible for fees relating to such exchange. Fees and charges are also payable by New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS holders in relation to certain other depositary services. See “Description of Just Eat Takeaway.com American Depositary Shares” beginning on page 278 of this proxy statement/prospectus for a discussion of the terms of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and the material rights of owners of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs.
The market price of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares after Completion will continue to fluctuate and may be affected by factors different from those affecting the market price of Grubhub Shares or those affecting any unsponsored Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares currently.
Upon Completion, Grubhub Stockholders will become holders of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs or, if such holders elect to convert their New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs into New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s business differs from that of the Grubhub Group, and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s results of operations, as well as the market price of New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, may be affected by factors different from those affecting the Grubhub Group’s results of operations and the market price of Grubhub Shares. In addition, the market price of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares may fluctuate significantly following Completion and holders of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares could lose the value of their investment in such Just Eat Takeaway.com securities. General fluctuations in stock markets could have a material adverse effect on the market for, or liquidity of, New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, regardless of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s actual operating performance.
Completion will result in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group becoming subject to U.S. regulations which are different from the regulations to which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is currently subject. Current and future U.S. regulations could have an adverse effect on the results of operations, business and financial position of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group following the Transaction.
Following Completion, as a result of the registration of New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares with the SEC, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group will be subject to U.S. securities laws and other U.S. federal, state and local laws and regulations (including tax laws), including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 (the “FCPA”), with respect to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s worldwide activities and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (“Sarbanes-Oxley”) as a foreign private issuer. These regulations are different from the regulations to which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is currently subject and therefore pose an increased compliance burden on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and, particularly where supplemented by new regulations, could lead to higher costs and greater complexity, and potential reputational damage, regulatory sanctions or fines in connection with inadvertent breach. The enactment of unduly onerous and restrictive regulation may adversely affect Just Eat Takeaway.com’s share price and could have a material adverse effect on the results of operations, business and/or financial condition of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group. While the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group continuously seeks to improve its systems of internal controls and to remedy any weaknesses identified, there can be no assurance that the policies and procedures will be followed at all times or effectively detect and prevent violations of applicable laws.
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Dividends distributed by Just Eat Takeaway.com on Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and/or New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs to certain related parties in low-tax jurisdictions might in the future become subject to an alternative Dutch withholding tax on dividends.
Under current Dutch tax law, dividends paid on Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and/or New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs are in principle subject to Dutch dividend withholding tax at a rate of 15% under the Dutch Dividend Withholding Tax Act (“Regular Dividend Withholding Tax”), unless a domestic or treaty exemption or reduction applies. On 25 March 2021, the Dutch State Secretary for Finance submitted a proposal of law to the Dutch parliament pursuant to which an alternative withholding tax (“Alternative Withholding Tax”) will be imposed on dividends paid to related entities in low-tax jurisdictions, effective 1 January 2024. An entity is related if (i) it holds, directly or indirectly, a qualifying interest in Just Eat Takeaway.com, (ii) Just Eat Takeaway.com directly or indirectly holds a qualifying interest in the entity or (iii) it is an entity in which a third party holds a direct or indirect qualifying interest while that third party also holds a qualifying interest in Just Eat Takeaway.com. An entity is also considered related to Just Eat Takeaway.com if the entity is part of a collaborating group (samenwerkende groep) of entities that jointly directly or indirectly holds a qualifying interest in Just Eat Takeaway.com. The term qualifying interest means a directly or indirectly held interest - either by an entity individually or jointly if an entity is part of a collaborating group - that enables such entity or such collaborating group to exercise a definite influence over another entity’s decisions, such as Just Eat Takeaway.com, and allows it to determine the other entity’s activities. The Alternative Withholding Tax will be imposed at the highest Dutch corporate income tax rate in effect at the time of the distribution (currently 25%). The Alternative Withholding Tax will be reduced, but not below zero, with any Regular Dividend Withholding Tax imposed on distributions. As such, based on currently applicable rates, the overall effective rate of withholding of Regular Dividend Withholding Tax and Alternative Withholding Tax will not exceed the highest corporate income tax rate in effect at the time of the distribution (currently 25%). The proposal of law is subject to amendment during the course of the legislative process and it needs to be approved by both chambers of the Dutch parliament before it can enter into force.
Just Eat Takeaway.com has identified material weaknesses in its internal control over financial reporting. If Just Eat Takeaway.com is unable to remediate these material weaknesses, or if Just Eat Takeaway.com identifies additional material weaknesses in the future or otherwise fails to maintain an effective system of internal controls, Just Eat Takeaway.com may not be able to accurately or timely report its financial condition or results of operations, which may adversely affect the business of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, and its stock price.
Just Eat Takeaway.com is not currently required to comply with the rules of the SEC implementing Section 404 of Sarbanes-Oxley, and therefore is not required to make a formal assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting for that purpose. Following Completion, however, Just Eat Takeaway.com will be required to comply with the SEC’s rules implementing Section 404 of Sarbanes-Oxley, which will require Just Eat Takeaway.com to provide in its annual reports filed with the SEC an annual management report on the effectiveness of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s internal control over financial reporting and Just Eat Takeaway.com’s independent registered public accounting firm to attest to the effectiveness of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s internal controls over financial reporting. Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley will also require the management of Just Eat Takeaway.com to make certifications as to the effectiveness of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s internal controls over financial reporting. The first management report, attestation and certification in respect of internal controls over financial reporting will be required for the year following the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s first annual report required to be filed with the SEC, which is expected to be the year ending 31 December 2022.
In connection with the preparation of this proxy statement/prospectus, Just Eat Takeaway.com has identified material weaknesses in the design and operating effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.
Material weaknesses were identified by Just Eat Takeaway.com with respect to Internal Control—Integrated Framework (2013 Framework) issued by the COSO, particularly regarding the documentation required to evidence the existence and effectiveness of the associated controls, as follows: (i) control environment, as Just Eat Takeaway.com did not maintain evidence of an effective control environment to enable the identification and mitigation of risks of accounting errors, (ii) risk assessment, as Just Eat Takeaway.com did not design and
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implement an effective risk assessment to identify and communicate appropriate objectives and fraud, and to identify and assess changes in the business that could affect the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s system of internal controls, (iii) control activities, as Just Eat Takeaway.com did not design and implement effective control activities across substantially all financial statement account balances and disclosures, (iv) information and communication, as Just Eat Takeaway.com did not have sufficient documentation to evidence the processes and controls in place to ensure the adequate review over financial reporting as well as the identification and evaluation of the severity of internal control deficiencies, including material weaknesses and (v) monitoring activities, as Just Eat Takeaway.com did not have the evidence to support the effectiveness of monitoring controls to ascertain whether the components of internal control are present and functioning.
As a consequence of these material weaknesses, errors were identified in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements, which have been amended as included in this proxy statement (the errors do not lead to retroactive adjustments of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s previously published statutory consolidated accounts under applicable accounting standards). Although Just Eat Takeaway.com does have oversight and compliance processes in place, these processes are currently not sufficiently formalized. If Just Eat Takeaway.com is unable to remediate these material weaknesses, or if Just Eat Takeaway.com identifies additional material weaknesses in the future or otherwise fails to maintain an effective system of internal controls, Just Eat Takeaway.com may not be able to accurately or timely report its financial condition or results of operations, which may adversely affect investor confidence in Just Eat Takeaway.com and, as a result, Just Eat Takeaway.com’s stock price and ability to access the capital markets in the future.
Just Eat Takeaway.com is in the process of implementing measures designed to improve its internal control over financial reporting and remediate the control deficiencies that led to these material weaknesses. In particular, Just Eat Takeaway.com has engaged an external advisor to assist with Just Eat Takeaway.com’s design and execution of its Sarbanes-Oxley compliance program, including with respect to (i) performing its risk assessment and scoping to identify relevant controls that will be designed, implemented, and tested by management with the assistance of outside advisors, (ii) establishing compliant risk and control matrices for applicable processes across the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group markets (including process flow diagrams and process narratives) and (iii) designing or reassessing existing entity-level controls and, as necessary, implementing enhancements to such controls.
Just Eat Takeaway.com cannot assure you that the measures taken to date by Just Eat Takeaway.com, and actions that Just Eat Takeaway.com may take in the future, will be sufficient to remediate the control deficiencies that led to these material weaknesses in its internal control over financial reporting or that they will prevent or avoid potential future material weaknesses. In addition, neither the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board nor an independent registered public accounting firm has performed an evaluation of its internal control over financial reporting in accordance with the provisions of Sarbanes-Oxley. Had Just Eat Takeaway.com or its independent registered public accounting firm performed an evaluation of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s internal control over financial reporting in accordance with the provisions of Sarbanes-Oxley, additional significant deficiencies or material weaknesses may have been identified.
Holders of New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs in the United States may not be able to enforce civil liabilities against Just Eat Takeaway.com, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors or the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors.
A substantial portion of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s assets are located outside the United States. In addition, a majority of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors are not residents of the United States and the assets of such persons may be located outside of the United States. As a result, it may be difficult or impossible for holders of New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs to effect service of process within the United States upon Just Eat Takeaway.com, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors or the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors or to enforce judgments obtained in U.S. courts against Just Eat Takeaway.com or such persons either inside or outside of the United States, or to enforce in U.S. courts judgments obtained against Just Eat Takeaway.com or such persons in courts in jurisdictions outside the United States.
There is doubt as to whether certain non-U.S. courts (including the courts of the Netherlands) would accept jurisdiction and impose civil liability if proceedings were commenced in such non-U.S. jurisdictions (including the Netherlands) predicated solely upon U.S. securities laws. Also, there can be no assurance that civil liabilities predicated upon federal or state securities laws of the United States will be enforceable in the Netherlands or any
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other jurisdiction. In addition, punitive damages awards in actions brought in the United States or elsewhere may be unenforceable in the Netherlands. See “Service of Process and Enforceability of Civil Liabilities” beginning on page 318 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Due to delays in notification to and by the depositary bank, the holders of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs may not be able to give voting instructions to the depositary bank or to withdraw New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying its New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs to vote such shares in person or by proxy.
Despite Just Eat Takeaway.com’s efforts, the depositary bank may not receive voting materials for the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares represented by New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs in time to ensure that holders of such New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs can either instruct the depositary bank to vote New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying their New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs or withdraw such shares to vote them in person or by proxy. In addition, the depositary bank’s liability to holders of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs for failing to execute voting instructions, or for the manner in which voting instructions are executed, will be limited by the deposit agreement. As a result, holders of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs may not be able to exercise their rights to give voting instructions, or to vote in person or by proxy, and may not have any recourse against the depositary bank or Just Eat Takeaway.com if New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying their New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs are not voted as they have requested or if New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying their New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs cannot be voted.
Holders of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs will have limited recourse if Just Eat Takeaway.com or the depositary bank fails to meet its respective obligations under the deposit agreement for New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs or if they wish to involve Just Eat Takeaway.com or the depositary bank in a legal proceeding.
The deposit agreement expressly limits the obligations and liability of Just Eat Takeaway.com and the depositary bank. Neither Just Eat Takeaway.com nor the depositary bank will be liable to the extent that it performs its respective obligations specifically set out in the deposit agreement or the applicable New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs without negligence or bad faith.
In addition, the terms of the deposit agreement do not independently impose any obligation on either Just Eat Takeaway.com or the depositary bank to participate in any action, suit or other proceeding in respect of any of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, which in its opinion may involve it in expense or liability, unless it is indemnified to its satisfaction. Notwithstanding the foregoing, U.S. federal securities and other applicable laws may otherwise obligate Just Eat Takeaway.com or the depositary bank to participate in any such action, suit or other proceeding and no disclaimer of liability under U.S. federal securities laws is intended by any provision of the deposit agreement. For further description of these and other risks relating to New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, see “Description of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares” and “Description of Just Eat Takeaway.com American Depositary Shares” beginning on pages 271 and 278, respectively, of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Holders of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs will have limited choice of forum, which could limit their ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for complaints against Just Eat Takeaway.com, the depositary bank or their respective directors, officers or employees.
The deposit agreement provides that, subject to the depositary bank’s right to require a claim to be submitted to arbitration, as an owner of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, holders of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs irrevocably agree that the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (or, if the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York lacks subject matter jurisdiction over a particular dispute, the state courts in New York County, New York) shall have exclusive jurisdiction to hear and determine any dispute arising from or related to the deposit agreement, including claims under the Securities Act. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, whether by transfer, sale, operation of law or otherwise, shall be deemed to have notice of and have irrevocably agreed and consented to such provisions. While Just Eat Takeaway.com believes that this choice of forum provision is enforceable, the enforceability of similar federal court choice of forum provisions has been challenged in legal proceedings in the United States, and it is possible that a court could find the provision to be inapplicable, unenforceable, or inconsistent with other documents that are relevant to the filing of
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such lawsuits. If a court were to find the choice of forum provision contained in the deposit agreement to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, Just Eat Takeaway.com may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions. If upheld, this choice of forum provision may increase the cost to and limit the ability of holders of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs to bring a claim in a judicial forum that they find favorable for disputes with Just Eat Takeaway.com, the depositary bank or their respective directors, officers or employees, which may discourage such lawsuits against Just Eat Takeaway.com, the depositary and their respective directors, officers or employees.
In addition, the depositary bank may, in its sole discretion, require that any dispute or difference arising from the relationship created by the deposit agreement, New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs or the transactions contemplated thereby be referred to and finally settled by an arbitration conducted under the terms described in the deposit agreement, although the arbitration provisions of the deposit agreement do not preclude holders of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs from pursuing claims under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act in federal courts.
Holders of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs will not be deemed to have waived Just Eat Takeaway.com’s compliance with the federal securities laws and the regulations promulgated thereunder.
Holders of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs may not be entitled to a jury trial with respect to claims arising under the deposit agreement, which could result in less favorable outcomes to the plaintiff(s) in any such action.
The deposit agreement governing the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs representing the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares provides that, subject to the depositary’s right to require a claim be submitted to arbitration, the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (or, if the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York lacks subject matter jurisdiction over a particular dispute, the state courts in New York County, New York) shall have exclusive jurisdiction to hear and determine any dispute arising from or relating in any way to the deposit agreement and in that regard, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, holders of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs irrevocably waive the right to a jury trial in any lawsuit or proceeding against Just Eat Takeaway.com or the depositary bank arising out of or relating to the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or other deposited securities, the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs or Just Eat Takeaway.com ADRs issued in connection thereto, the deposit agreement or any transaction contemplated therein, including any claim under U.S. federal securities laws. However, no condition, stipulation or provision of the deposit agreement or New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs shall relieve Just Eat Takeaway.com or the depositary bank from their respective obligations to comply with the Securities Act and Exchange Act.
If Just Eat Takeaway.com or the depositary bank were to oppose a demand for jury trial based on such jury trial waiver, the court would determine whether the waiver was enforceable based on the facts and circumstances of that case in accordance with the applicable state and federal law. To the knowledge of Just Eat Takeaway.com, the enforceability of a contractual pre-dispute jury trial waiver in connection with claims arising under the federal securities laws has not been finally adjudicated by the United States Supreme Court. However, Just Eat Takeaway.com believes that a contractual pre-dispute jury trial waiver provision is generally enforceable under the laws of the State of New York, which govern the deposit agreement. Nevertheless, if this jury trial waiver provision is not enforced, to the extent a court action proceeds, it would proceed under the terms of the deposit agreement with a jury trial. It is advisable to consult legal counsel regarding the jury waiver provision before investing in the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs.
If holders or beneficial owners of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, including purchasers of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs in secondary market transactions, bring a claim against Just Eat Takeaway.com or the depositary bank in connection with matters arising under the deposit agreement or the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, including claims under federal securities laws, such holders or beneficial owners may not be entitled to a jury trial with respect to such claims, which may have the effect of limiting or discouraging lawsuits against Just Eat Takeaway.com or the depositary bank. If a lawsuit is brought against Just Eat Takeaway.com or the depositary bank under the deposit agreement, it may be heard only by a judge or justice of the applicable trial court, which would be conducted according to different civil procedures and may result in different outcomes compared to that of a jury trial, including results that could be less favorable to the plaintiff(s) in any such action.
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As a foreign private issuer, Just Eat Takeaway.com will be exempt from a number of rules under the Exchange Act and will be permitted to file less information with the SEC than issuers that are not foreign private issuers and Just Eat Takeaway.com, as a foreign private issuer, will be permitted to follow home country practice in lieu of the listing requirements of Nasdaq, subject to certain exceptions.
As a foreign private issuer under the Exchange Act, Just Eat Takeaway.com will be exempt from certain rules under the Exchange Act, and will not be required to file periodic reports and financial statements with the SEC as frequently or as promptly as companies whose securities are registered under the Exchange Act but are not foreign private issuers. In addition, Just Eat Takeaway.com will not be required to comply with Regulation FD, which restricts the selective disclosure of material non-public information, and will be exempt from certain disclosure and procedural requirements applicable to proxy solicitations under Section 14 of the Exchange Act. The members of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board, officers and principal shareholders will also be exempt from the reporting and “short-swing” profit recovery provisions of Section 16 of the Exchange Act. Accordingly, there may be less publicly available information concerning Just Eat Takeaway.com than there is for companies whose securities are registered under the Exchange Act but are not foreign private issuers, and such information may not be provided as promptly as it is provided by such companies. In addition, certain information may be provided by Just Eat Takeaway.com in accordance with Dutch law, which may differ in substance or timing from such disclosure requirements under the Exchange Act.
Further, as a foreign private issuer, under the applicable exchange rules Just Eat Takeaway.com will be subject to less stringent corporate governance requirements. Subject to certain exceptions, the rules of Nasdaq permit a foreign private issuer to follow its home country practice in lieu of certain Nasdaq listing requirements, including, for example, certain internal governance controls as well as board, committee and director independence requirements. Just Eat Takeaway.com will be required to disclose any significant ways in which its corporate governance practices differ from those followed by U.S. domestic companies under Nasdaq listing standards in its annual report on Form 20-F filed with the SEC or on its website. As a Dutch corporation expected to be listed on Nasdaq, Just Eat Takeaway.com is expected to follow its home country practice with respect to executive sessions, quorum and the code of conduct. Unlike the requirements of Nasdaq, the corporate governance practices and requirements in the Netherlands do not require Just Eat Takeaway.com to hold regular executive sessions where only independent directors shall be present, prescribe a quorum requirement in its articles of association or adopt a code of conduct containing specific items outlined by the Nasdaq Listing Rules. Accordingly, holders of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs may not have the same protections afforded to shareholders of companies that are required to comply with all of the Nasdaq corporate governance requirements. For further description of the home country practices that Just Eat Takeaway.com intends to follow in lieu of Nasdaq corporate governance requirements, see “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption Of The Merger Agreement — Listing of New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, Listing of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and Delisting and Deregistration of Grubhub Shares — Nasdaq Rules” beginning on page 127 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
An active trading market for New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs may not develop, which would adversely affect the liquidity and price of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, and there is no guarantee that Just Eat Takeaway.com will be able to maintain its eligibility on the FTSE UK Index Series.
Prior to the Transaction, the existing unsponsored Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs are not listed on any U.S. stock exchange. Just Eat Takeaway.com has applied to list the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs on Nasdaq. The price of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs may fluctuate significantly due to general market or economic conditions. Furthermore, an active trading market for the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs may never develop or, if developed, it may not be sustained. If an active public market for New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs does not develop, the market price and liquidity of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs may be adversely affected. Grubhub Stockholders may be unable to sell their New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs unless a market can be established and sustained.
While Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares are included in the Financial Times Stock Exchange Group (the “FTSE”) FTSE 100 Index and the FTSE All-Share Index, there is no guarantee that FTSE will not publish new guidance in the future regarding non-UK incorporated companies. In addition, new laws and regulations, or amendments to existing laws and regulations, that could result in the removal of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares from the FTSE UK Index Series, may be introduced. If these or other circumstances were to arise, such that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares were no longer included in the FTSE 100 Index and the FTSE All-Share Index, this could have a negative impact on the market price of New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and New
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Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs. As announced in the Just Eat Takeaway.com press release dated 12 January 2021, following discussions with FTSE Russell, Just Eat Takeaway.com expects that its assigned nationality for the purpose of inclusion of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares in the FTSE UK Index Series will be reviewed in FTSE Russell’s semi-annual review to be announced in August 2021.
Risks Relating to the Grubhub Group
You should read and consider risk factors specific to the Grubhub Group’s business that will also affect the Enlarged Group following Completion. These risks are described in Part I, Item 1A of Grubhub’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended 31 December 2020, as updated from time to time in subsequent filings with the SEC, and in other documents that are incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus. See “Where You Can Find More Information” beginning on page 320 of this proxy statement/prospectus for the location of information incorporated by reference in this proxy statement/prospectus.
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GRUBHUB PROPOSAL I: ADOPTION OF THE MERGER AGREEMENT
General
This proxy statement/prospectus is being provided to Grubhub Stockholders in connection with the solicitation of proxies by the Grubhub Board to be voted at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting and at any adjournments or postponements of the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting. At the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, Grubhub will ask the Grubhub Stockholders to vote on the adoption of the Merger Agreement. Adoption of the Merger Agreement is a condition to the obligations of Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub to complete the Transaction and requires the affirmative vote (in person (which in this case means via virtual attendance at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting) or by proxy) of the holders of a majority of all of the Grubhub Shares entitled to vote thereon as of the Grubhub record date.
The Merger Agreement provides that, on the terms and subject to the conditions in the Merger Agreement, and in accordance with the DGCL, Merger Sub I will be merged with and into Grubhub (the “initial merger”), with Grubhub continuing as the surviving company in the initial merger (the “initial surviving company”). Immediately thereafter, the initial surviving company will merge with and into Merger Sub II (the “subsequent merger” and, together with the initial merger, the “mergers”), with Merger Sub II continuing as the surviving company in the subsequent merger (the “final surviving company”). A copy of the Merger Agreement is attached as Annexes A-1, A-2 and A-3 to this proxy statement/prospectus. You are urged to read the Merger Agreement in its entirety because it is the legal document that governs the Transaction. For a summary of the Merger Agreement, see “The Merger Agreement” beginning on page 147 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
At the first effective time, each issued and outstanding Grubhub Share (other than any Grubhub Shares owned by Grubhub, Just Eat Takeaway.com, Merger Sub I, Merger Sub II or any other direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Just Eat Takeaway.com), will be converted into one share of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the initial surviving company (the “initial surviving company stock”). Each such share of initial surviving company stock will immediately thereafter be automatically exchanged for the right to receive (1) New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs representing 0.6710 Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, plus (2) cash in lieu of fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, plus (3) any dividends or other distributions to which such holder is entitled pursuant to the Merger Agreement, and otherwise subject to adjustments to prevent dilution in accordance with the Merger Agreement. At the second effective time, each share of initial surviving company stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the second effective time will be cancelled and shall cease to exist and no consideration will be paid or payable in respect thereof. Each New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS will represent one-fifth of one Just Eat Takeaway.com Share. For the avoidance of doubt, no fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs will be issued in the Transaction, and Grubhub Stockholders will receive cash in lieu of fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs.
Based on the closing price of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share on Euronext Amsterdam of €98.60 and the Euro-Dollar exchange rate of 1.13585, in each case, on 9 June 2020, the last trading day of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares before the public announcement of the Merger Agreement, the merger consideration represented approximately $75.15 in value per Grubhub Share. Based on the closing price of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share on Euronext Amsterdam of €92.08 and the Euro-Dollar exchange rate of 1.2036, in each case, on 20 April 2021, the most recent practicable trading day prior to the date of this proxy statement/prospectus, the merger consideration represented approximately $74.37 in value for each Grubhub Share. Because the Merger Agreement provides for a fixed number of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying those New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs to be issued as part of the consideration payable in exchange for each Grubhub Share, the value of the merger consideration that Grubhub Stockholders will receive will depend on the market price of New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying such New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and the Euro-Dollar exchange rate at the time the Transaction is completed. As a result, the value of the merger consideration that Grubhub Stockholders will receive upon Completion could be greater than, less than or the same as the value of the merger consideration on the date of this proxy statement/prospectus or at the time of the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting.
Background of the Merger
In the ordinary course of business, and from time to time, the Grubhub Board and Grubhub management have evaluated and considered a variety of financial and strategic opportunities for Grubhub as part of their
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long-term strategy to enhance value for Grubhub Stockholders, including potential acquisitions, divestitures, business combinations and other transactions. As part of these reviews in recent years, Grubhub engaged in exploratory discussions regarding potential strategic transactions with Just Eat (before the Just Eat Acquisition) and another party with a large online food delivery business, referred to as “Company A.” In addition, Mr. Matthew Maloney, Grubhub’s chief executive officer, and Mr. Jitse Groen, Just Eat Takeaway.com’s chief executive officer, had been in contact from time to time over a number of years with respect to strategic opportunities and growth of their respective businesses; however, these discussions did not focus on a potential strategic transaction between the two companies.
In March 2019, at the initiative of Just Eat’s then-chief financial officer, members of Grubhub management and members of Just Eat management engaged in preliminary discussions regarding a potential strategic transaction between the two companies. In connection with these discussions, Grubhub and Just Eat entered into a mutual confidentiality agreement (which included a customary standstill provision) on 29 March 2019 to enable the sharing of limited, initial due diligence materials between the companies. However, following these exploratory conversations and before commencing more comprehensive due diligence, in May 2019 the parties mutually agreed to end the discussions. In July 2019, Takeaway.com N.V. announced a proposal to acquire Just Eat, which was ultimately completed on 31 January 2020.
In June 2019, a representative of Company A reached out to members of Grubhub management to have a preliminary conversation regarding a potential strategic transaction between the two companies. On 8 July 2019, Grubhub and Company A entered into a mutual confidentiality agreement, which contained a customary mutual standstill provision, with a customary “fall away” provision providing that a party’s standstill obligations would terminate in certain circumstances, including upon the other party entering into a binding agreement related to a change of control of such company.
Following entry into the confidentiality agreement, Grubhub management engaged in a number of discussions with Company A regarding a potential strategic transaction. These discussions continued intermittently until early November 2019 and included meetings among members of the respective management teams of Grubhub and Company A and the exchange of preliminary due diligence information necessary to analyze both a potential strategic transaction and the likelihood of securing regulatory approvals required for a transaction between Grubhub and Company A. Discussions between representatives of Grubhub and Company A were on hold between November 2019 and February 2020, at which time discussions started again as described below.
In November 2019, Grubhub engaged Evercore to act as financial advisor to Grubhub and the Grubhub Board in connection with Grubhub assessing and preparing for potential shareholder activism and, if relevant, a potential strategic transaction. An engagement letter between Grubhub and Evercore was subsequently signed on 11 February 2020. The Grubhub Board selected Evercore based on its understanding of Grubhub’s business, industry knowledge and relevant experience.
On 8 January 2020, a Wall Street Journal article reported that Grubhub was considering strategic alternatives, including engaging in a process to sell the company. The following day, Grubhub responded to the report by issuing a public statement denying that it was engaged in a process to sell the company.
On 7 February 2020, the chief executive officer of Company A met, at his request, with Mr. Maloney and orally conveyed Company A’s nonbinding proposal to acquire Grubhub in an all-stock transaction with an implied value of $60 per Grubhub Share based on Company A’s then-current trading price per share (“Company A’s 7 February proposal”). The closing price per Grubhub Share on the NYSE on 6 February 2020, the last full trading day prior to Company A’s 7 February proposal, was $54.62. Mr. Maloney informed the chief executive officer of Company A that he would discuss Company A’s 7 February proposal with the Grubhub Board.
On 13 February 2020, the Grubhub Board met, together with Grubhub management and representatives from Evercore and Kirkland & Ellis LLP (“K&E”), outside legal counsel to Grubhub, to discuss Company A’s 7 February proposal. One Grubhub director, Mr. Arthur Francis Starrs III, recused himself from all discussions and decisions of the Grubhub Board regarding potential strategic alternatives involving Grubhub at the 13 February meeting and for all subsequent meetings of the Grubhub Board on this topic due to potential confidential information sharing considerations in light of his role as chief executive officer of Pizza Hut, a division of Yum! Brands. At the meeting, the Grubhub Board decided to form an ad hoc advisory committee (the “M&A Committee”) consisting of Messrs. David Fisher, Lloyd Frink and Brian McAndrews, to assist the Grubhub Board in its evaluation of a potential strategic transaction. Representatives of K&E reviewed with the
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Grubhub Board its fiduciary duties in connection with its consideration of potential strategic alternatives. Members of Grubhub management reviewed with the Grubhub Board management’s preliminary financial projections for Grubhub. Representatives of Evercore reviewed with the Grubhub Board certain preliminary financial analyses with respect to a potential all-stock transaction involving Company A. Following discussion, including regarding potential synergies resulting from a combination with Company A and recent industry activity and trends, the Grubhub Board concluded that Company A’s 7 February proposal did not provide sufficient value to Grubhub Stockholders to form a basis for further discussion with Company A at that time, and directed Mr. Maloney to communicate to Company A this response to Company A’s 7 February proposal.
Later on 13 February 2020, Mr. Maloney conveyed to Company A’s chief executive officer the Grubhub Board’s determination that Company A’s 7 February proposal was insufficient to form a basis for further discussion with Company A at that time.
On 15 February 2020, Company A’s chief executive officer delivered to Mr. Maloney a letter restating Company A’s 7 February proposal to acquire Grubhub in an all-stock, fixed-exchange ratio transaction having an implied value of $60 per Grubhub Share based on Company A’s then-current trading price per share. There were no substantive differences between Company A’s 7 February proposal and the offer contained in the 15 February letter.
On 19 February 2020, Mr. Maloney delivered to Company A’s chief executive officer a letter reviewed by the Chairman of the Grubhub Board reiterating the Grubhub Board’s determination that Company A’s 7 February proposal was insufficient.
On 25 February 2020, Company A’s chief executive officer discussed Grubhub’s rejection of Company A’s 7 February proposal with Mr. Maloney and conveyed that Company A would submit a proposal with a revised range.
On 28 February 2020, in the ordinary course of reviewing strategic opportunities unrelated to the discussions with Company A, members of Grubhub management met with members of Just Eat Takeaway.com management to discuss the possibility of a strategic transaction between the parties. On 1 March 2020, Grubhub sent a draft confidentiality agreement (which included a customary standstill provision) to Just Eat Takeaway.com.
On 6 March 2020, Company A’s chief executive officer told Mr. Maloney that, due to COVID-19 and market dynamics, Company A was pausing discussions with Grubhub regarding a potential strategic transaction.
On 3 April 2020, Company A’s chief executive officer contacted Mr. Maloney to discuss the impact of COVID-19 on their respective businesses and inform him that Company A was interested in restarting discussions regarding a potential strategic transaction between Company A and Grubhub.
On 5 April 2020, Grubhub and Company A extended the term of their mutual confidentiality agreement, including the mutual standstill provision, in order to continue discussions regarding a potential strategic transaction. Following the execution of the extension to the mutual confidentiality agreement, members of management of Company A and Grubhub discussed updates to their respective businesses following the impact of COVID-19, and Company A resumed its preliminary due diligence of Grubhub.
On 15 April 2020, management of Company A delivered to management of Grubhub a verbal offer (“Company A’s 15 April proposal”), to acquire Grubhub in an all-stock transaction at a fixed exchange ratio that implied a value of $46.60 per Grubhub Share based on Company A’s then-current trading price per share, but reflected an increase to the implied exchange ratio, which would result in an improved pro forma fully-diluted ownership of Company A for Grubhub Stockholders as compared to Company A’s 7 February proposal. The closing price per Grubhub Share on the NYSE on 14 April 2020, the last full trading day prior to Company A’s 15 April proposal, was $41.80. A formal written offer letter reiterating Company A’s 15 April proposal was delivered to Grubhub by Company A on 16 April 2020.
On 21 April 2020, the M&A Committee met, together with representatives of Grubhub management, K&E and Evercore, to discuss Company A’s 15 April proposal. Representatives of Evercore reviewed with the M&A Committee certain preliminary financial analyses with respect to the terms of Company A’s 15 April proposal. Representatives of K&E also provided an overview of regulatory considerations associated with a potential combination with Company A. Following discussion, including regarding the implied values of Company A’s
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15 April proposal and Company A’s 7 February proposal, the value of potential synergies resulting from a combination with Company A and the overall business outlook for Company A, the M&A Committee determined to recommend to the Grubhub Board that Grubhub management continue discussions with Company A to seek to improve the terms of Company A’s 15 April proposal.
On 22 April 2020, the Grubhub Board met, together with representatives of Grubhub management, to, among other things, discuss Company A’s 15 April proposal. At this meeting, members of Grubhub management reviewed with the Grubhub Board the non-public, internal financial projections regarding Grubhub’s potential future performance prepared by Grubhub management in connection with the Transaction (the “Grubhub financial projections”) (see the section entitled “—Certain Unaudited Prospective Financial Information Prepared by Grubhub” beginning on page 101 of this proxy statement/prospectus). Following the M&A Committee’s recommendation, the Grubhub Board instructed Grubhub management to conduct due diligence on Company A’s business while negotiating for additional value and closing certainty relating to regulatory considerations. The Grubhub Board also discussed at this meeting other potential strategic transactions, including a potential transaction with Just Eat Takeaway.com, which, at that time, had not entered into a confidentiality agreement with Grubhub. The Grubhub Board directed management to progress the confidentiality agreement with Just Eat Takeaway.com and, once executed, engage in preliminary discussions regarding a potential transaction.
Following the 22 April 2020 Grubhub Board meeting, members of Grubhub and Company A management, together with representatives of K&E and Company A’s legal counsel, conducted several due diligence calls focusing on regulatory review of a potential strategic transaction between the two parties. The parties also discussed Company A’s liquidity and business in the context of COVID-19, as well as potential synergies in a transaction between Grubhub and Company A.
On 29 April 2020, the M&A Committee met, together with Grubhub management and representatives from K&E and Evercore. At the meeting, members of management provided an update on the status of due diligence into Company A’s liquidity and business in the context of COVID-19. Representatives of Evercore provided an update on the status of discussions with Company A as well as interactions with Just Eat Takeaway.com and reviewed with the Grubhub Board certain preliminary financial analyses with respect to Company A. Following discussions regarding the potential merits and downsides of a transaction, the M&A Committee determined that, in order for the proposed transaction with Company A to be more attractive than Grubhub executing on its standalone plan, the offer would need to deliver increased value to Grubhub Stockholders and obtain for Grubhub Stockholders a greater share of the synergies that would be generated by a combined company. The M&A Committee directed Grubhub management to make a counterproposal to Company A for an all-stock transaction at a fixed exchange ratio that implied a price per Grubhub Share of $64.76, based on Company A’s then-current trading price per share. The closing price per Grubhub Share on the NYSE on 28 April 2020, the last full trading day prior to this M&A Committee meeting, was $46.33.
Also on 29 April 2020, Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com entered into a mutual confidentiality agreement, which contained a customary standstill provision and a related “fall away” provision providing that the standstill obligations would terminate in certain circumstances, including Grubhub entering into a binding agreement related to a change of control of Grubhub.
On 30 April 2020, a representative of Grubhub management conveyed to a representative of Company A’s management the terms of Grubhub’s counterproposal reflecting a higher exchange ratio, consistent with the M&A Committee’s recommendation.
On 4 May 2020, Mr. Maloney spoke with Mr. Groen regarding a potential strategic transaction involving Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com. Mr. Maloney indicated to Mr. Groen that Grubhub had received interest regarding a potential strategic transaction involving Grubhub and, given similarities between the Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com business models and potential strong strategic fit, encouraged Just Eat Takeaway.com to submit an initial indication of interest.
On 6 May 2020, at Grubhub’s direction, representatives of Evercore provided to Company A’s financial advisor certain financial information regarding Grubhub, including the Grubhub financial projections, which had been reviewed by the Grubhub Board at the 22 April meeting.
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On 9 May 2020, a representative of Company A’s management spoke to a representative of Grubhub management to convey Company A’s revised proposal (“Company A’s 9 May proposal”). Company A’s 9 May proposal reflected an all-stock transaction at a fixed exchange ratio that implied a value of $60.66 per Grubhub Share based on Company A’s then-current trading price per share. The closing price per Grubhub Share on the NYSE on 8 May 2020, the last full trading day prior to Company A’s 9 May proposal, was $46.82.
On 12 May 2020, financial media reported that Grubhub had received a takeover proposal from a publicly traded competitor in the online food delivery industry. Throughout the course of the subsequent negotiations described below, there were various media reports regarding potential transactions involving Grubhub and a number of third parties. Grubhub did not comment on any of these reports.
On the same day, the Grubhub Board met, together with representatives of Grubhub management, K&E and Evercore, to discuss Company A’s 9 May proposal and the status of discussions with Just Eat Takeaway.com. Representatives of Evercore reviewed with the Grubhub Board certain preliminary financial analyses with respect to Company A and Company A’s 9 May proposal, and representatives of K&E provided an overview of regulatory considerations associated with a potential combination with Company A. Following discussions regarding the potential growth of Company A and sharing of synergies, the Grubhub Board directed Grubhub management to make a counterproposal (“Grubhub’s 12 May counterproposal”) at a fixed exchange ratio that implied a value of $65.58 per Grubhub Share (compared to the closing price per Grubhub Share on the NYSE on 11 May 2020 of $46.79) based on Company A’s then-current stock price. As part of Grubhub’s 12 May counterproposal, the Grubhub Board instructed Grubhub management to negotiate for better value than presented by Company A’s 9 May proposal and to request contract terms with respect to Company A’s commitments to obtain regulatory approvals that would give Grubhub certainty with respect to Company A’s obligation to close a transaction and would also provide appropriate remedies for Grubhub in the event a transaction was not consummated.
On the same day, members of Grubhub management discussed Grubhub’s 12 May counterproposal with members of Company A’s management. Following these discussions, representatives of each of Grubhub and Company A conducted further due diligence and engaged in several discussions regarding regulatory matters.
On 13 May 2020, representatives of Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com, as well as BofA Securities, financial advisor to Just Eat Takeaway.com, held a due diligence call regarding Grubhub’s financial and operational metrics, including the impact of COVID-19 on Grubhub’s business.
On 15 May 2020, representatives of Company B, a party with a large online food delivery business, contacted Evercore to express an interest in a potential transaction with Grubhub.
Also on 15 May 2020, a representative of Company A’s management spoke to a representative of Grubhub’s management to convey Company A’s revised proposal (“Company A’s 15 May proposal”). Company A’s 15 May proposal reflected a fixed exchange ratio that implied a value of $61.69 per Grubhub Share (compared to the closing price per Grubhub Share on the NYSE on 14 May 2020 of $54.72) based on Company A’s then-current stock price, as well as a high-level outline of regulatory covenants, including an obligation for Company A to use its “best efforts” to obtain regulatory approvals, subject to to-be-defined caps on certain divestiture and other remedies that Company A would be required to accept in order to obtain regulatory approvals, and a reverse termination fee in the event the transaction did not close because of a failure to obtain regulatory approvals.
On 17 May 2020, Mr. Maloney conveyed to Company A’s chief executive officer that, based on the Grubhub Board’s prior discussions of Company A’s 9 May proposal, Company A’s 15 May proposal did not deliver sufficient value or certainty to Grubhub Stockholders. During this discussion, Company A’s chief executive officer verbally communicated an improved indication of interest (“Company A’s 17 May proposal”) for an all-stock transaction at a fixed exchange ratio that implied a value of $62.50 per Grubhub Share (compared to the closing price per Grubhub Share on the NYSE on 15 May 2020 of $54.97) based on Company A’s then-current trading price per share as of 15 May 2020. However, the remainder of Company A’s 17 May proposal (including, notably, terms relating to regulatory certainty) was unchanged from Company A’s 15 May proposal. Company A’s chief executive officer presented Company A’s 17 May proposal as Company A’s “best and final” proposal.
On 18 May 2020, Mr. Groen delivered to Mr. Maloney a letter containing Just Eat Takeaway.com’s nonbinding proposal (“Just Eat Takeaway.com’s 18 May proposal”) to acquire Grubhub in an all-stock
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transaction with an implied value between $65 and $70 per Grubhub Share (compared to the closing price per Grubhub Share on the NYSE on 15 May 2020 of $54.97), which represented an implied pro forma fully-diluted ownership of the combined company for the Grubhub Stockholders between 28.2% and 29.8% of the combined company based on Just Eat Takeaway.com’s then-current trading price per share. In its letter, Just Eat Takeaway.com also underscored some of the compelling strategic benefits of a combination with Grubhub, including acquiring a strategic position in one of the world’s largest markets in food delivery, a cohesive, sustainable global approach to food delivery, and the ability to share global knowledge from experienced management teams to compete more effectively on a local basis.
On 19 May 2020, at a regularly scheduled meeting, the Grubhub Board received an update from representatives of Grubhub management, K&E and Evercore regarding the indications of interests received from Just Eat Takeaway.com and Company A, as well as Company B’s potential interest in a strategic transaction with Grubhub. Representatives of Evercore reviewed with the Grubhub Board certain preliminary financial analyses with respect to Just Eat Takeaway.com and Company A. Following discussion regarding the intrinsic value of the respective parties’ stock and conditionality involved in a transaction with either party, the Grubhub Board directed Grubhub management and representatives of Evercore to seek an indication of interest from Company B and to improve and clarify the terms of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s 18 May proposal, in particular with respect to the governance of a combined company and listing of the stock to be issued as merger consideration. In addition, the Grubhub Board directed Grubhub management to continue negotiations with Company A regarding the potential regulatory framework of a transaction.
On the same day, a member of Company A’s management conveyed to Grubhub management that Company A’s 17 May proposal continued to be Company A’s “best and final” proposal with respect to the implied value per Grubhub Share. In the following days, representatives of Grubhub and Company A engaged in discussions regarding the potential regulatory framework of a transaction between Grubhub and Company A.
On 20 May 2020, representatives of Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com, as well as Evercore, financial advisor to Grubhub, and BofA Securities and Goldman Sachs, financial advisors to Just Eat Takeaway.com, held a due diligence call regarding Grubhub’s financial and operational metrics.
On the same day, Grubhub and Company B entered into a mutual confidentiality agreement, which contained a customary standstill provision and a related “fall away” provision providing that the standstill obligations would terminate in certain circumstances, including upon Grubhub entering into a binding agreement related to a change of control. On the following day, Grubhub provided Company B initial preliminary due diligence materials.
On 21 May 2020, consistent with the direction provided by the Grubhub Board on 19 May 2020 and at the direction of Grubhub management, representatives of Evercore conveyed Grubhub’s counterproposal (“Grubhub’s 21 May counterproposal”) on value to representatives of BofA Securities and Goldman Sachs, Just Eat Takeaway.com’s financial advisors, reflecting an all-stock transaction at a fixed exchange ratio having an implied value of $77.50 per Grubhub Share (compared to the closing price per Grubhub Share on the NYSE on 20 May 2020 of $57.52). Representatives of Evercore also conveyed Grubhub’s requests for (i) appropriate representation on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board following a potential transaction; (ii) stock consideration in the form of American depositary shares (“ADSs”) listed in the United States; (iii) closing certainty related to the vote of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders on a potential transaction, including a reverse termination fee payable by Just Eat Takeaway.com in the event of a failure to obtain shareholder approval and a voting and support agreement to be entered into by Mr. Groen’s affiliates; and (iv) an obligation to use “best efforts” to obtain regulatory approvals, coupled with a reverse termination fee payable by Just Eat Takeaway.com in the event of a failure to obtain necessary regulatory approvals.
On 22 May 2020, Mr. Maloney had a conversation with Mr. Groen to further discuss Grubhub’s 21 May counterproposal, with Mr. Maloney reiterating the competitive nature of the transaction process. Later that day, Mr. Groen verbally communicated to Mr. Maloney an improved offer for an all-stock transaction at a fixed exchange ratio with an implied value of $70 per Grubhub Share (compared to the closing price per Grubhub Share on the NYSE of 22 May 2020 of $57.35).
On 24 May 2020, Mr. Groen reaffirmed via email to Mr. Maloney the terms verbally communicated on 22 May 2020. In his email (“Just Eat Takeaway.com’s 24 May proposal”), Mr. Groen also responded to the other elements of Grubhub’s 21 May counterproposal, offered to add two Grubhub representatives to the Just Eat
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Takeaway.com Supervisory Board and one Grubhub representative to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and confirmed Just Eat Takeaway.com’s willingness to have the stock consideration be in the form of ADSs listed in the United States. Mr. Groen also indicated Just Eat Takeaway.com’s intention to hold a shareholders’ meeting to approve a transaction as soon as practicable and indicated his readiness to support the transaction with his beneficial holdings of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, which represented approximately 10.3% of the then-outstanding Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares.
On the same day, at the direction of the Grubhub Board, representatives of Evercore contacted Company B’s financial advisor to discuss Company B’s due diligence of Grubhub and request an initial indication of value as a precursor to engaging in more detailed discussions.
On 25 May 2020, the M&A Committee met, together with representatives of Grubhub management, K&E and Evercore, to discuss the status of the ongoing discussions with Just Eat Takeaway.com, Company A and Company B. Representatives of Evercore reviewed with the M&A Committee certain preliminary financial analyses with respect to Company A’s 17 May proposal and Just Eat Takeaway.com’s 24 May proposal. Members of the M&A Committee discussed the relative certainty of transactions between Grubhub and each of Company A and Just Eat Takeaway.com, as well as the relative strategic values of the two potential transactions (including the relative synergies implied by each proposal). Among other things, the M&A Committee noted the benefits of a potential combination with Just Eat Takeaway.com due to its having a similar operating strategy to Grubhub, including focusing on long-term profitable growth and connecting restaurants and diners through their respective online marketplaces. The M&A Committee supported continued engagement by Grubhub management and Evercore with each of Company A and Just Eat Takeaway.com.
On the same day, at the direction of the M&A Committee, representatives of Evercore conveyed to BofA Securities and Goldman Sachs, Just Eat Takeaway.com’s financial advisors, Grubhub’s willingness to engage in further discussions based on the terms of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s 24 May proposal.
On 26 May 2020, at the direction of the M&A Committee, representatives of Evercore conveyed to Company A’s financial advisor Grubhub’s willingness to engage in further discussions based on Company A’s 17 May proposal, subject to the parties reaching agreement on an appropriate contractual framework to address the regulatory considerations. Company A indicated its readiness to engage in due diligence and further discussions regarding the appropriate regulatory framework.
On the same day, at the direction of the M&A Committee, Evercore delivered a draft Merger Agreement prepared by K&E to BofA Securities and Goldman Sachs, Just Eat Takeaway.com’s financial advisors. K&E’s initial draft of the Merger Agreement contemplated terms consistent with Just Eat Takeaway.com’s 24 May proposal, including a voting and support agreement to be entered into by affiliates of Mr. Groen in support of the proposed transaction.
On 27 May 2020, representatives of Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com held a due diligence call to review Just Eat Takeaway.com’s business, strategy, market positioning and financial outlook.
On 28 May 2020, the Grubhub Board met, together with representatives of Grubhub management, K&E and Evercore, to discuss the status of the ongoing negotiations with Just Eat Takeaway.com, Company A and Company B. Representatives of Evercore reviewed with the Grubhub Board certain preliminary financial analyses with respect to Company A’s 17 May proposal and Just Eat Takeaway.com’s 24 May proposal. Representatives of K&E also provided an overview of regulatory and other considerations regarding closing certainty (including the need for Just Eat Takeaway.com shareholder approval of the transaction) associated with a potential combination with each of Just Eat Takeaway.com and Company A. Following discussion, including regarding the financial terms of each proposal relative to Grubhub’s standalone plan as reflected in the Grubhub financial projections, the Grubhub Board directed Grubhub management to continue the ongoing discussions with both Just Eat Takeaway.com and Company A, while continuing to encourage Company B to submit an indication of interest.
On 28 May and 29 May, respectively, at the direction of Grubhub management, representatives of Evercore granted Company A and Just Eat Takeaway.com access to an electronic data room maintained by Grubhub containing financial and business information to facilitate each party’s due diligence review of Grubhub. Included in the electronic data room were the Grubhub financial projections (which had previously been provided to Company A).
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Later on 28 May 2020, Grubhub entered into an engagement letter with Centerview Partners LLC pursuant to which Centerview agreed to provide certain advisory services in connection with the Transaction, which did not include an opinion regarding the fairness of the Transaction.
Over the course of the following days, representatives of Grubhub, K&E, Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati (“WSGR”), outside legal counsel to Grubhub, and Grubhub’s economic advisors continued to engage with representatives of Company A and its legal and economic advisors regarding a framework to address regulatory considerations.
On 1 June 2020, representatives of Grubhub and Company A held a due diligence call regarding tax and accounting matters. On the same day, Just Eat Takeaway.com granted Grubhub access to an electronic data room maintained by Just Eat Takeaway.com containing financial and business information to facilitate Grubhub’s due diligence review of Just Eat Takeaway.com.
Also on 1 June 2020, the chief executive officer of Company B reached out to Mr. Maloney to request additional highly sensitive due diligence materials, which Grubhub determined not to provide both because Company B had not provided an indication of value despite repeated requests to do so and because those additional materials had not been provided to Company A or Just Eat Takeaway.com.
On 3 June 2020, Grubhub management delivered to a representative of Company A a draft contractual regulatory covenant that outlined the efforts it expected Company A to undertake to obtain regulatory approvals as well as an increased reverse termination fee that would be payable to Grubhub in the event approvals were not obtained.
Also on 3 June 2020, the M&A Committee met, together with representatives of Grubhub management, K&E, WSGR and Evercore, to discuss the status of discussions with Just Eat Takeaway.com, Company A and Company B. Representatives of Evercore reviewed with the M&A Committee certain preliminary financial analyses with respect to Company A’s 17 May proposal and Just Eat Takeaway.com’s 24 May proposal. A representative of WSGR provided an update to the M&A Committee on negotiations over a potential regulatory framework with Company A. Following discussion, including regarding the financial terms of each proposal relative to Grubhub’s standalone plan as reflected in the Grubhub financial projections, and the need to risk-adjust the implied value of Company A’s 17 May proposal to account for the heightened regulatory risk and future business prospects associated with a transaction involving Company A, the M&A Committee directed Grubhub management to work towards a transaction with Just Eat Takeaway.com on improved financial terms, while continuing discussions with Company A to see if an acceptable regulatory contractual framework could be agreed.
On the same day, Mr. Maloney spoke with Mr. Groen to inform him that the Grubhub Board was interested in the strategic opportunity presented by a combination with Just Eat Takeaway.com, but urged him to improve the financial terms of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s 24 May proposal. During this discussion, Mr. Groen informed Mr. Maloney that, given Mr. Maloney’s familiarity with Grubhub’s business and the food delivery market in the United States generally, Mr. Maloney would be well suited to join the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and to run the combined company’s operations in North America, including the United States and Canada.
Also on 3 June and 4 June 2020, representatives of Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com held due diligence calls.
On 4 June 2020, Company A’s legal advisors delivered to K&E a draft merger agreement, which, among other things, provided for an alternative regulatory framework that differed substantially from the draft Grubhub management provided to Company A on 3 June and that in Grubhub’s view, did not sufficiently protect Grubhub against regulatory risk. The proposal also included, among other things, limitations on Company A’s obligations to obtain regulatory approvals that were unacceptable to Grubhub.
Also on 4 June 2020, representatives of BofA Securities and Goldman Sachs, financial advisors to Just Eat Takeaway.com, communicated to representatives of Evercore, financial advisor to Grubhub, Just Eat Takeaway.com’s revised proposal (“Just Eat Takeaway.com’s 4 June proposal”) which implied that Grubhub Stockholders would own approximately 29.6% of the pro forma fully-diluted equity of a combined company.
Later that day, Just Eat Takeaway.com’s legal counsel, Cravath, Swaine & Moore LLP (“Cravath”), delivered a markup of the draft Merger Agreement to K&E. Cravath’s markup of the draft Merger Agreement contemplated, among other things, a mutual “force the vote” provision whereby neither Grubhub nor Just Eat
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Takeaway.com could terminate the Merger Agreement in the event of an alternative superior proposal. The draft Merger Agreement also contemplated a mutual termination fee equal to 1% of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s market capitalization, being the highest amount of a termination fee that Just Eat Takeaway.com could pay without shareholder approval under applicable legal requirements, and representing approximately 2% of Grubhub’s equity value based on Just Eat Takeaway.com’s 4 June proposal.
On 5 June 2020, representatives of Grubhub management met with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board to conduct additional due diligence.
Later that same day, the Grubhub Board met, together with representatives of Grubhub management, K&E and Evercore, to discuss the status of negotiations with Just Eat Takeaway.com, Company A and Company B. Representatives of Evercore reviewed with the Grubhub Board certain preliminary financial analyses with respect to Company A’s 17 May proposal and Just Eat Takeaway.com’s 4 June proposal. Representatives of Evercore reported that Company B had not yet provided an initial indication of value and continued to insist upon reviewing highly sensitive diligence materials that had not been shared with Just Eat Takeaway.com or Company A before providing any indication on value. The Grubhub Board also reviewed and discussed Grubhub’s standalone plan and reaffirmed that the Grubhub financial projections continued to represent their best estimates of Grubhub’s likely performance on a standalone basis. The Grubhub Board discussed the implied value of the proposals from each of Company A and Just Eat Takeaway.com as well as the implied values of each transaction based on the synergy estimates and discounted cash flow analysis on a risk-adjusted basis to account for the heightened regulatory risk associated with a transaction involving Company A. Representatives of Evercore and Grubhub management also discussed with the Grubhub Board that negotiations of definitive agreements with Just Eat Takeaway.com were progressing more quickly than those with Company A and that a signed agreement could be reached in the coming days, thereby minimizing the likelihood of further leaks and the negative impact of any such leaks on a potential transaction with either counterparty. Members of the Grubhub Board noted the higher implied value, the more favorable regulatory profile, overall greater deal certainty and the fact that a combination with Just Eat Takeaway.com would be a compelling strategy for global success as among the reasons that a transaction with Just Eat Takeaway.com was a preferable transaction. As part of its consideration of the proposals, the Grubhub Board discussed whether they could respond to an unsolicited transaction proposal received after announcing a transaction with Just Eat Takeaway.com as well as certain governance terms of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s 4 June proposal, including representation on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board. Following consideration of the terms of each proposal and likely timing for entering into a definitive agreement for each transaction, the Grubhub Board expressed support for pursuing a transaction with Just Eat Takeaway.com. After the discussion, the Grubhub Board directed Grubhub management to continue to work toward signing a definitive agreement with Just Eat Takeaway.com while continuing to engage in discussions with Company A in an effort to obtain the best possible terms from each counterparty and to maintain competitive tensions.
On the same day, K&E delivered to Cravath a markup of the draft Merger Agreement and a voting and support agreement to be entered into by affiliates of Mr. Groen in support of the proposed transaction. K&E’s markup of the draft Merger Agreement contemplated a unilateral “force the vote” provision whereby Just Eat Takeaway.com could not terminate the Merger Agreement in the event of an alternative superior proposal and a “reverse” termination fee equal to 1% of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s market capitalization payable by Just Eat Takeaway.com in the event the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders voted against the transaction.
On the same day, K&E delivered to Company A’s legal advisors an issues list laying out the key differences between the regulatory framework proposed by Grubhub in its draft regulatory contractual covenant delivered to Company A on 3 June 2020 and the regulatory framework proposed by Company A in its draft merger agreement dated 4 June 2020.
On 6 June 2020, K&E delivered to Company A’s legal advisors an issues list regarding the draft merger agreement (other than the regulatory framework) that Company A delivered on 4 June.
On 7 June 2020, the Grubhub Board met, together with representatives of Grubhub management, K&E and Evercore, to discuss the status of negotiations with Just Eat Takeaway.com and Company A. Representatives of Evercore updated the Grubhub Board that Grubhub management was continuing to engage with Company A on a proposed transaction to obtain the best possible terms from each counterparty and to maintain competitive tensions while expeditiously progressing discussions with Just Eat Takeaway.com as discussed at the 5 June
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meeting. Representatives of Evercore informed the Board that while discussions with Company A were ongoing, meaningful gaps in the deal terms continued to exist, including with respect to the contractual terms of the proposed regulatory framework. Representatives of Evercore then reviewed with the Grubhub Board certain preliminary financial analyses with respect to a transaction with Just Eat Takeaway.com, noting that Just Eat Takeaway.com was proposing an exchange ratio that would result in the Grubhub Stockholders owning approximately 29.6% of the pro forma fully-diluted equity of a combined company, while Grubhub was proposing an exchange ratio resulting in Grubhub Stockholders owning at least 30% of the pro forma fully-diluted equity. Representatives of K&E reviewed with the Grubhub Board its fiduciary duties as well as key terms in the draft Merger Agreement that had been delivered to Cravath by K&E, including the extent to which the customary “no shop” provisions in the draft Merger Agreement allowed the Grubhub Board to respond to unsolicited alternative transaction proposals following the execution of a definitive agreement with Just Eat Takeaway.com. Following discussion, including regarding the financial terms of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s 4 June proposal relative to Grubhub’s standalone plan as reflected in the Grubhub financial projections and relative to Company A’s 17 May proposal, the Grubhub Board noted that a transaction with Just Eat Takeaway.com was preferable over a transaction with Company A for the reasons discussed at the meeting of the Grubhub Board held on 5 June 2020. The Grubhub Board then directed representatives of Grubhub management, Evercore and K&E to continue negotiating a transaction with Just Eat Takeaway.com in an effort to enter into and announce a transaction with Just Eat Takeaway.com in the coming days. The Grubhub Board also directed representatives of Grubhub management, Evercore and K&E to focus on discussions with Just Eat Takeaway.com while continuing discussions with Company A in an effort to obtain the best possible terms from each counterparty and to maintain competitive tensions.
Later that day, Cravath delivered a markup of the draft Merger Agreement to K&E. Cravath’s markup of the draft Merger Agreement contemplated, among other things, the removal of the unilateral “force the vote” provision applicable to Just Eat Takeaway.com and the removal of the “reverse” termination fee payable by Just Eat Takeaway.com in the event the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders voted against the transaction.
On 8 June 2020, K&E delivered a markup of the draft Merger Agreement to Cravath, which reinserted a 1% fee payable by Just Eat Takeaway.com in the event Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders failed to approve the transaction in the absence of an alternative proposal or a change in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Boards’ recommendation, among other fee triggers, but accepted that each of Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com would be permitted to terminate the Merger Agreement to enter into an alternative superior proposal, subject to payment of the termination fee.
On 8 June 2020, K&E discussed Company A’s draft merger agreement with Company A’s legal counsel. Later that day, Company A’s legal counsel provided a revised proposal in response to Grubhub’s issues list dated 3 June regarding the regulatory framework for a transaction with Company A. The following day, K&E delivered a markup of the draft merger agreement to Company A.
On 9 June 2020, members of management of each of Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com discussed the unresolved issues with respect to a transaction, including with respect to the exchange ratio and closing conditions relating to regulatory approvals and circumstances under which a termination fee would be payable by Just Eat Takeaway.com. On the same day, Just Eat Takeaway.com proposed an exchange ratio of ADSs representing 0.6710 Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares for each Grubhub Share, which would result in Grubhub Stockholders owning approximately 30.0% of the pro forma fully-diluted equity of the combined company and an implied value of $75.15 per Grubhub Share based on Just Eat Takeaway.com’s then-current trading price per share (compared to the closing price per Grubhub Share on the NYSE on 9 May 2020 of $57.92). Over the remainder of 9 June and 10 June 2020, Grubhub management, Just Eat Takeaway.com management, K&E and Cravath negotiated the final terms of the Merger Agreement, the Voting and Support Agreement and other ancillary documents.
On 10 June 2020, the Grubhub Board met, together with representatives of Grubhub management, K&E and Evercore, to consider the approval of a potential transaction with Just Eat Takeaway.com pursuant to which Just Eat Takeaway.com would acquire Grubhub in an all-stock transaction with a fixed exchange ratio of 0.6710 New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs for each Grubhub Share that would result in Grubhub Stockholders owning approximately 30.0% of the pro forma fully-diluted equity of the combined company. Representatives of K&E also reviewed with the Grubhub Board the letter that had been provided by representatives of Evercore that both disclosed certain relationships between Evercore and Grubhub and between Evercore and Just Eat Takeaway.com
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and confirmed that nothing would limit Evercore’s ability to fulfill its responsibilities as financial advisor to Grubhub in connection with its engagement. Representatives of Evercore reviewed with the Grubhub Board its financial analysis of the exchange ratio pursuant to the Merger Agreement and rendered its oral opinion, which was subsequently confirmed in writing, to the effect that, as of that date and based upon and subject to the assumptions, limitations, qualifications and conditions described in Evercore’s opinion, the exchange ratio pursuant to the Merger Agreement was fair, from a financial point of view, to the holders of Grubhub Shares, other than excluded shares. For more information about Evercore’s opinion, see “—Opinion of Grubhub’s Financial Advisor” beginning on page 94 of this proxy statement/prospectus. After discussing potential factors in favor of and against the proposed transaction, and after reviewing the key terms of the Merger Agreement with K&E, the members of the Grubhub Board (other than Mr. Starrs who was recused from discussions) unanimously determined that the Merger Agreement was fair to, advisable and in the best interest of Grubhub and its stockholders, resolved to recommend that the Grubhub Stockholders adopt the Merger Agreement and directed that the Merger Agreement be submitted to the Grubhub Stockholders for adoption. For more information about the Grubhub Board’s reasons for recommending in favor of the adoption of the Merger Agreement, see “—Grubhub’s Purposes and Reasons for the Transaction; Recommendation of the Grubhub Board” beginning on page 88 of this proxy statement/prospectus. Following its determination to enter into a transaction with Just Eat Takeaway.com, the Board determined not to pursue a transaction with Company A for the reasons discussed at the 5 June 2020 and 7 June 2020 meetings.
On the same day, the Wall Street Journal reported that Just Eat Takeaway.com was nearing an agreement to acquire Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com confirmed that it was in advanced discussions regarding a transaction.
Later in the day, the parties exchanged executed copies of the Merger Agreement and the Voting and Support Agreement, and the parties announced the Transaction.
On 2 July 2020, the CMA indicated in a response to a briefing paper submitted by Just Eat Takeaway.com in relation to the Transaction that it had no further questions.
On 7 July 2020, the FTC granted early termination of the waiting period under the HSR Act with respect to the Transaction.
On 25 August 2020, Just Eat Takeaway.com made available to Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders the Circular relating to the Transaction and convocation of an Extraordinary General Meeting to be held on 7 October 2020.
Over the course of July and August 2020, Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com discussed the anticipated timing of the filing of the draft registration statement on Form F-4 to register the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares to be issued as the merger consideration under the Securities Act, as well as the anticipated timing of Completion. On 2 September 2020, the parties agreed to amend the Merger Agreement to extend the End Date (as defined in the Merger Agreement) from 10 June 2021 to 31 December 2021 to provide additional certainty for the parties regarding the timing of the necessary steps to Completion, including the registration of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs under the Securities Act. In approving this amendment, the Grubhub Board further determined that this first amendment to the Merger Agreement (the “first Merger Agreement amendment”) was fair to, advisable and in the best interest of Grubhub and its stockholders; resolved to recommend that the Grubhub Stockholders adopt the Merger Agreement (as amended by the first Merger Agreement amendment); and directed that the Merger Agreement (as amended by the first Merger Agreement amendment) be submitted to the Grubhub Stockholders for adoption.
On 3 September 2020, CFIUS informed Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com that it had concluded its review of the Transaction and had determined that there were no unresolved national security concerns with respect to the Transaction.
On 4 September 2020, Grubhub, Just Eat Takeaway.com and the Merger Subs executed and delivered the first Merger Agreement amendment, a copy of which is attached as Annex A-2 to this proxy statement/prospectus.
On 7 October 2020, Just Eat Takeaway.com held the Extraordinary General Meeting and obtained the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder Approval.
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On 12 March 2021, the parties agreed to amend the Merger Agreement to provide that each New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS will represent one-fifth of one Just Eat Takeaway.com Share. In approving this amendment, the Grubhub Board further determined that the second amendment to the Merger Agreement (the “second Merger Agreement amendment”) was fair to, advisable and in the best interest of Grubhub and its stockholders; resolved to recommend that the Grubhub Stockholders adopt the Merger Agreement (as amended by the first Merger Agreement amendment and the second Merger Agreement amendment); and directed that the Merger Agreement (as amended by the first Merger Agreement amendment and the second Merger Agreement amendment) be submitted to the Grubhub Stockholders for adoption.
On 12 March 2021, Grubhub, Just Eat Takeaway.com and the Merger Subs executed and delivered the second Merger Agreement amendment, a copy of which is attached as Annex A-3 to this proxy statement/prospectus.
Just Eat Takeaway.com’s Purposes and Reasons for the Transaction
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board carefully evaluated the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby. On 10 June 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board each adopted resolutions approving the terms of, and the transactions contemplated by, the Merger Agreement and resolved to unanimously recommend the Transaction for approval by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders.
In the course of reaching their respective decisions on 10 June 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board consulted with Just Eat Takeaway.com’s management and its financial and legal advisors and considered a variety of substantive factors, both positive and negative, and the potential benefits and detriments of the Transaction to Just Eat Takeaway.com, Just Eat Takeaway.com’s stakeholders and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board believed that, taken as a whole, the following factors supported their respective decisions to approve the Merger Agreement (not necessarily in order of relative importance):
Strategic factors considered by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board:
Creation of one of the world’s largest online food delivery companies. The Transaction will create one of the world’s largest online food delivery companies, measured by GMV and revenue, with strong brands connecting restaurant partners with their consumers in 25 countries. The Enlarged Group processed almost 600 million orders in fiscal year 2019 worth a GMV of nearly €14 billion, generating revenues of €2,727 million on a pro forma basis giving effect to the Just Eat Acquisition and the Transaction as if such transactions had been completed on 1 January 2019, exceeding competitors such as Uber Eats, Delivery Hero, Doordash and Postmates.
Creating a company built around strong positions in four of the world’s most attractive markets in food delivery. The Transaction will create a platform built around strong positions in four of the world’s most attractive markets in food delivery: the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany and the Netherlands, increasing the Enlarged Group’s ability to deploy capital and resources and strengthen its competitive positions in all its markets. These markets show substantial further opportunities for growth, significant penetration upside and longer-term profitability improvements.
The combination of Grubhub and SkipTheDishes to create a North American leader. Grubhub will be much stronger as part of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group. The combination with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s Canadian business, SkipTheDishes, as well as the increased scale and resources of the Enlarged Group will provide greater flexibility to make strategic, long-term investment decisions.
Grubhub’s advantage in the U.S. market. In the U.S., where the market is competitive and fragmented across local regions and cities, Grubhub’s differentiated offering provides it with unique advantages. Grubhub’s offering includes its large marketplace business, which operates through a hybrid model that combines logistics with its marketplace; its Seamless corporate business; its large geographic footprint; its extensive consumer and restaurant relationships; and its consumer relationship management tools, including loyalty programs.
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Enhanced scale and leading positions increases ability to invest and leverage best practices globally. The enhanced scale and leading positions of the Enlarged Group provide an opportunity to leverage best practices from the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group and create the broadest possible offering to both restaurant partners and consumers. The Enlarged Group will have a greater ability to leverage investments, in particular in technology, marketing and restaurant delivery services across the combined business.
Founder-led management team, with a proven track record of building leading positions based on GMV in markets of scale. The Enlarged Group will have a founder-led management team that has over 55 years of combined experience in food delivery, with a proven track record in building leading positions (based on GMV) in markets of scale, the successful execution of mergers and acquisitions, integration programs and capital markets.
Other factors considered by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board:
Business Climate. The current and prospective business climate in the food delivery industry, including the regulatory and litigation environment, and the position of current and likely competitors, including as a result of other business combinations.
Earnings Impact. The positive impact that the Transaction is expected to have on the earnings of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group following Completion.
Due Diligence. The results of the due diligence review of the Grubhub Group and its businesses conducted by Just Eat Takeaway.com and its financial advisors and outside legal counsel.
Merger Agreement. The view that the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement and the Transaction, including the covenants, closing conditions and termination provisions, are favorable to completing the Transaction.
Alternatives Available. Potential strategic alternatives that might be available to Just Eat Takeaway.com relative to the Transaction, including remaining a standalone entity or other acquisition opportunities and the belief of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board that the Transaction is in the best interests of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, its enterprises, stakeholders and its shareholders as a whole given the potential risks, rewards and uncertainties associated with each alternative, including execution and regulatory risks and achievement of anticipated synergies.
The foregoing discussion of information and factors considered by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board is not exhaustive, but the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board believe it includes the material factors considered by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board. In view of the wide variety of factors considered in connection with their evaluation of the Transaction and the complexity of these matters, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board did not consider it practicable to, and did not attempt to, quantify or otherwise assign relative or specific weight or values to any of these factors. Rather, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board viewed their position and recommendation as being based on an overall analysis and on the totality of the information presented to and factors considered by them. In addition, in considering the factors described above, individual directors may have given different weights to different factors.
The factors contained in this explanation of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s reasons for the Transaction and other information presented in this section of the proxy statement/prospectus contain information that is forward-looking in nature and, therefore, should be read in light of the factors discussed in “Cautionary Information Regarding Forward-Looking Statements and Risk Factor Summary” beginning on page xiv of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Grubhub’s Purposes and Reasons for the Transaction; Recommendation of the Grubhub Board
At a meeting on 10 June 2020, with the assistance of its legal and financial advisors, the Grubhub Board evaluated the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby, including the Transaction, and
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(i) determined that it was fair to and in the best interest of Grubhub and the Grubhub Stockholders, and declared it advisable, that Grubhub enter into the Merger Agreement and consummate the transactions contemplated thereby, including the Transaction; (ii) adopted the Merger Agreement and approved the execution, delivery and performance by Grubhub of the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby, including the Transaction; (iii) resolved to recommend that the Grubhub Stockholders vote “FOR” the Merger Agreement proposal, “FOR” the non-binding compensation proposal and “FOR” the adjournment proposal; and (iv) directed that the Merger Agreement be submitted to the Grubhub Stockholders for adoption.
Throughout the process of considering the Transaction, in reaching its decision to approve the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby, including the Transaction, and in forming its recommendation to Grubhub Stockholders that Grubhub Stockholders vote “FOR” the Merger Agreement proposal, “FOR” the non-binding compensation proposal and “FOR” the adjournment proposal, the Grubhub Board consulted with Grubhub’s senior management and legal and financial advisors and considered a number of factors, including, but not limited to the strategic and other factors outlined below.
Strategic Factors Considered by the Grubhub Board. The Grubhub Board considered that the Transaction would create a number of significant strategic opportunities, including, but not limited to, the following:
the Transaction would combine two strong players in the online food delivery space to create one of the world’s largest online food delivery companies, with enhanced scale and a diversified revenue mix across geographies, restaurant partners and diners, resulting in improved opportunities for growth, investment, cost savings and innovation relative to what Grubhub could achieve on a standalone basis;
following the Transaction, the Enlarged Group would have a greater ability to leverage investments, in particular in technology, marketing and restaurant delivery services across the Enlarged Group;
the Enlarged Group would bring together a compelling, highly complementary global portfolio of strong brands, connecting restaurant partners with diners in 25 countries, resulting in improved opportunities for growth in both the United States and globally relative to what Grubhub could achieve on a standalone basis;
following the Transaction, the Enlarged Group would be focused around four of the world’s most attractive markets in food delivery: the United States, United Kingdom, the Netherlands and Germany, increasing the Enlarged Group’s ability to deploy capital and resources to strengthen its competitive positions in all its markets;
the Transaction would enable the Enlarged Group to create the broadest possible offering to both restaurant partners and diners;
the Transaction would bring together two founder-led management teams with proven track records of building leading positions (based on GMV) in markets of scale, and Grubhub’s chief executive officer would be in a position to continue to build and execute Grubhub’s successful strategy by leading the Enlarged Group’s business in North America, including Canada;
the Enlarged Group would generate various benefits, including through the sharing of best practices in technology, marketing, logistics, sales and procurement across its markets, which is expected to result in the Enlarged Group having greater potential to achieve further earnings growth, enhance unit economics, generate more substantial cash flow and bottom-line impact than what Grubhub could achieve on a standalone basis; and
two Grubhub directors would be appointed to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board and one Grubhub director would be appointed to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board, as more fully described under the section entitled “The Merger Agreement —Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board and Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board Following the Transaction” beginning on page 166 of this proxy statement/prospectus, thereby providing a voice for Grubhub’s existing leadership in the Enlarged Group and enhancing the likelihood of obtaining the strategic benefits expected from the Transaction.
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Financial Factors Considered by the Grubhub Board. In addition to considering the strategic factors described above, the Grubhub Board considered a number of factors related to the financial rationale for the Transaction, which it viewed as supporting its decision to approve the Merger Agreement, including, but not limited to, the following:
the current and historical market prices of Grubhub Shares and Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, including the market performance of Grubhub Shares and Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares relative to those of other participants in the online food delivery industry and applicable general market indices;
the value of the merger consideration which, based on the closing price of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share and the Euro-Dollar exchange rate, in each case, as at market close on 9 June 2020, represented a compelling premium to Grubhub Stockholders of approximately 29.7% to the closing price of a Grubhub Share on 9 June 2020 (the last trading day before the announcement of the Transaction), and approximately 60.6% to the closing price of a Grubhub Share on 11 May 2020 (the last trading day before market rumors of a potential transaction involving Grubhub);
the merger consideration would be paid in New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs pursuant to a fixed exchange ratio that is expected to result in Grubhub Stockholders owning approximately 30% of the Enlarged Group, and, that no adjustment will be made to the exchange ratio as a result of possible increases or decreases in the trading price of the Grubhub Shares and/or Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares following the announcement of the Transaction;
the merger consideration would provide Grubhub Stockholders with the opportunity to participate meaningfully in any potential growth in the earnings and cash flows of a larger, more diversified company, in any benefits achieved by the Enlarged Group and in any potential future appreciation in the value of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs following the Transaction;
the Grubhub Board’s conclusion that the merger consideration reflected the best value that Just Eat Takeaway.com would be willing to offer at that time;
the Grubhub Board’s knowledge of Grubhub’s business, operations, financial condition, earnings and prospects, and its knowledge of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s business, operations, financial condition, earnings and prospects;
the risk that Grubhub’s management’s internal financial projections on a standalone basis, including the forecasts described in the section titled “—Certain Unaudited Prospective Financial Information Prepared by Grubhub” beginning on page 101 of this proxy statement/prospectus may not be achieved, in which case the value of Grubhub Shares on a standalone basis could be lower than the implied value of the merger consideration, especially in light of competitive conditions in the U.S. market; and
Grubhub’s and Just Eat Takeaway.com’s intent for the Transaction to qualify as a tax-free reorganization for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Terms of the Merger Agreement considered by the Grubhub Board. The Grubhub Board considered the terms of the Merger Agreement, including the representations, warranties, covenants, agreements and rights of the parties under the Merger Agreement, the conditions to each party’s obligation to complete the Transaction, and the circumstances under which each party may terminate the Merger Agreement. See the section entitled The Merger Agreement beginning on page 147 of this proxy statement/prospectus. The Grubhub Board considered a number of factors relating to the terms of the Merger Agreement, including, but not limited to, the following:
the Transaction is subject to the approval of Grubhub Stockholders;
the requirement that both Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com obtain certain regulatory approvals and clearances to complete the Transaction and undertake significant commitments to obtain such approvals and clearances, in each case as more fully described under the section entitled “The Merger Agreement —Efforts to Complete the Transaction” beginning on page 162 of this proxy statement/prospectus;
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the Grubhub Board’s view, after consultation with its legal counsel, that regulatory approvals and clearances would be obtained on a timely basis and the end date (as it may be extended) specified in the Merger Agreement (after which Grubhub or Just Eat Takeaway.com, subject to certain exceptions, may terminate the Merger Agreement) provides the parties with sufficient time to obtain all required regulatory approvals;
the Grubhub Board’s right to respond to and negotiate with respect to unsolicited alternative proposals from third parties in certain circumstances; to change its recommendation to the Grubhub Stockholders to vote “FOR” the adoption of the Merger Agreement if a superior proposal is available or in response to an intervening event; and to terminate the Merger Agreement in the event of a superior proposal, subject to payment to Just Eat Takeaway.com of a termination fee of $144 million, as more fully described under the sections entitled “The Merger Agreement—No Solicitation of Takeover or Alternative Proposals” and “—Grubhub’s Purposes and Reasons for the Transaction; Recommendation of the Grubhub Board” and beginning on pages 156 and 88 of this proxy statement/prospectus, respectively;
the Grubhub Board’s view that the $144 million termination fee that could become payable by Grubhub pursuant to the Merger Agreement in certain circumstances was reasonable and would not likely deter alternative acquisition proposals that would be more favorable to the Grubhub Stockholders than the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, including the Transaction;
Just Eat Takeaway.com’s obligation to pay Grubhub a termination fee of $144 million in certain circumstances, as more fully described under the section entitled “The Merger Agreement—Expenses and Termination Fees” beginning on page 169 of this proxy statement/prospectus; and
the right of each of Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com to specific performance to prevent breaches and to enforce the terms of the Merger Agreement, as more fully described under the section entitled “The Merger Agreement—Enforcement” beginning on page 171 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Other Factors Considered by the Grubhub Board in Favor of the Transaction. The Grubhub Board also considered a number of other factors weighing in favor of the Transaction and the other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, including, but not limited to, the following:
the review and analysis of Grubhub’s and Just Eat Takeaway.com’s respective businesses, historical financial performance and condition, operations, properties, assets, regulatory issues, competitive positions, prospects and management provided to the Grubhub Board by Grubhub’s management and Grubhub’s financial advisors;
the recommendation of Grubhub’s management in favor of the Transaction;
the opinion of Evercore, dated 10 June 2020, to the Grubhub Board to the effect that, as of that date and based upon and subject to the assumptions, limitations, qualifications and conditions described in Evercore’s opinion, the exchange ratio pursuant to the Merger Agreement was fair, from a financial point of view, to the holders of Grubhub Shares, other than excluded shares, as more fully described below in the section titled “—Opinion of Grubhub’s Financial Advisor” beginning on page 94 of this proxy statement/prospectus;
the nature of alternatives reasonably available to Grubhub, including: (i) remaining a standalone entity and pursuing other strategic alternatives, and (ii) potential transactions with other industry participants, which the Grubhub Board evaluated with the assistance of its financial and legal advisors;
the Grubhub Board’s belief that the Transaction with Just Eat Takeaway.com would create the best reasonably available opportunity to maximize value for Grubhub Stockholders at that time given the potential risks, rewards and uncertainties associated with remaining a standalone entity and pursuing other strategic alternatives or potential transactions with other industry participants;
the reputation, business practices and experience of Just Eat Takeaway.com and its management, including Just Eat Takeaway.com’s success in integrating previously acquired businesses;
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the fact that Mr. Jitse Groen, a significant shareholder of Just Eat Takeaway.com in addition to its chief executive officer, would enter into the Voting and Support Agreement, pursuant to which Mr. Groen would agree, among other things, to vote his Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares in favor of the proposals requiring approval by Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders to consummate the Transaction; and
the fact that market rumors became public that Grubhub was in discussions involving a potential sale transaction generally, and specifically that Just Eat Takeaway.com was engaging in discussions to acquire Grubhub, which provided any third party wishing to engage in discussions with Grubhub an opportunity to put forward a compelling proposal, and the fact that, although the Grubhub Board had not granted Just Eat Takeaway.com exclusivity and was free to consider indications from any other party, no potential acquirer had made a proposal that was more favorable to Grubhub Stockholders than Just Eat Takeaway.com’s proposal.
Risks, Uncertainties and Other Factors Weighing Negatively Against the Transaction. The Grubhub Board weighed the above advantages and opportunities against a number of potential risks, uncertainties and other factors identified in its deliberations as weighing negatively against the Transaction, including, but not limited to, the following:
the possibility that the Transaction or the other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement may not be completed, or that their completion may be delayed for reasons that are beyond the control of Grubhub or Just Eat Takeaway.com, including the failure of Grubhub Stockholders to adopt the Merger Agreement or the failure of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders to approve the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder Resolutions, including the share issuance and binding nominations, or the failure of Grubhub or Just Eat Takeaway.com to satisfy other requirements, including the receipt of regulatory approvals and clearances, that are conditions to closing the Transaction, and the materially adverse impact that such failure or delay could have on Grubhub’s financial or business condition, results of operations or stock price;
the possibility that, because the merger consideration is based on a fixed exchange ratio and does not provide Grubhub with a price-based termination right or adjustment for fluctuations in the trading price of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, Grubhub Stockholders would be exposed to adverse developments in Just Eat Takeaway.com’s business, operations, financial condition, earnings and prospects, and that, as a result, if there is a decrease in the trading price of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares without a corresponding decrease in the trading price of Grubhub Shares, there would be a potential decrease in the implied value of the merger consideration;
the challenges inherent in the merger of two businesses of the size and geographical diversity and scope of Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com, including the possible diversion of management attention for an extended period of time;
the risk that the Enlarged Group may not be able to successfully integrate the businesses of Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com or that the costs of integration may be greater than anticipated and therefore the Enlarged Group may not be able to fully realize the anticipated benefits of the Transaction;
the execution risks associated with the implementation of the Enlarged Group’s long-term business plan and strategy, which may be different from the execution risks related to Grubhub’s stand-alone business plan;
the lack of opportunity for Grubhub Stockholders to participate in Grubhub’s potential upside as a standalone company, other than indirectly as part of the Enlarged Group;
Just Eat Takeaway.com’s right to respond to and negotiate with respect to unsolicited alternative proposals from third parties in certain circumstances and to terminate the Merger Agreement if a superior proposal were to become available, subject to Just Eat Takeaway.com being obligated to pay Grubhub a termination fee of $144 million, as more fully described under the section entitled “The Merger Agreement—No Solicitation of Takeover or Alternative Proposals” beginning on page 156 of this proxy statement/prospectus;
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the Just Eat Takeaway.com Boards’ right to change their recommendation to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders to vote in favor of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder Resolutions, including the share issuance and binding nominations, if a superior proposal were to become available or in response to an intervening event, subject to Just Eat Takeaway.com being obligated to pay Grubhub a termination fee of $144 million in certain circumstances, as more fully described under the section entitled “The Merger Agreement—Recommendation of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Boards” beginning on page 160 of this proxy statement/prospectus;
the restrictions in the Merger Agreement on the conduct of Grubhub’s business during the period between execution of the Merger Agreement and Completion, as more fully described under the section entitled “The Merger Agreement—Conduct of Business” beginning on page 153 of this proxy statement/prospectus, which may delay or prevent Grubhub from undertaking business opportunities that may arise or may negatively affect Grubhub’s ability to attract and retain key personnel;
the risk that the pendency of the Transaction or announcement of its completion could adversely affect Grubhub’s relationships with persons with whom Grubhub has a business relationship, including its diners and restaurant partners;
the risk that, despite the efforts of Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com prior to Completion, the Enlarged Group may have difficulties in attracting and retaining key employees;
the risks that the potential benefits discussed above and cost savings sought in the Transaction may not be realized or may not be realized within the expected time period, and that the cost of achieving such benefits and savings may be significantly higher than estimated;
the transaction costs and retention costs to be incurred in connection with the Transaction, regardless of whether the Transaction is completed;
the fact that the Merger Agreement prohibits Grubhub from soliciting or engaging in discussions regarding alternative transactions during the pendency of the Transaction, subject to limited exceptions, as more fully described under the section entitled “The Merger Agreement—No Solicitation of Takeover or Alternative Proposals” beginning on page 156 of this proxy statement/prospectus;
Grubhub’s obligation to pay Just Eat Takeaway.com a termination fee of $144 million in certain circumstances, as more fully described under the section entitled “The Merger Agreement—Expenses and Termination Fees” beginning on page 169 of this proxy statement/prospectus, and the risk that such termination fee may discourage third parties that might otherwise have an interest in a business combination with Grubhub from making alternative proposals;
the fact that some of Grubhub’s directors and executive officers have interests in the Transaction that are different from, or in addition to, the interests of Grubhub Stockholders generally, as more fully described under the section entitled “—Treatment of Grubhub Equity Awards—Interests of Grubhub’s Directors and Executive Officers in the Transaction” beginning on page 120 of this proxy statement/prospectus; and
the risks of the type and nature described under “Risk Factors” beginning on page 34 of this proxy statement/prospectus and the matters described under “Cautionary Information Regarding Forward-Looking Statements and Risk Factor Summary” beginning on page xiv of this proxy statement/prospectus.
In the judgment of the Grubhub Board, however, these potential risks were significantly offset by the potential benefits of the Transaction discussed above. Accordingly, the Grubhub Board (i) determined that the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated therein are fair to and in the best interest of Grubhub and the Grubhub Stockholders, (ii)  declared it advisable, that Grubhub enter into the Merger Agreement and consummate the transactions contemplated thereby, including the Transaction, (iii) adopted the Merger Agreement and approved the execution, delivery and performance by Grubhub of the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby, including the Transaction, (iv) resolved to recommend that the Grubhub Stockholders vote “FOR” the Merger Agreement proposal, “FOR” the non-binding compensation proposal and “FOR” the adjournment proposal, and (v) directed that the Merger Agreement be submitted to the Grubhub Stockholders for adoption.
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The foregoing discussion is not intended to be exhaustive and is not presented in any order of priority, but Grubhub believes it addresses the material information and principal factors considered by the Grubhub Board in connection with its evaluation of the Transaction, including factors that may support the Transaction, as well as factors that may weigh against it. In view of the variety of factors and the amount of information considered, the Grubhub Board did not find it practicable to quantify or otherwise assign relative weights to, and did not make specific assessments of, the factors considered in reaching its determination, and individual members of the Grubhub Board may have given different weights to different factors.
The explanation of the reasoning of the Grubhub Board and certain information presented in this section are forward-looking in nature and, therefore, the information should be read in light of the factors discussed in the section of this proxy statement/prospectus entitled “Cautionary Information Regarding Forward-Looking Statements and Risk Factor Summary” beginning on page xiv of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Opinion of Grubhub’s Financial Advisor
In February 2020, Grubhub retained Evercore to act as financial advisor to Grubhub and the Grubhub Board in connection with Grubhub’s preparation for potential shareholder activism and to provide strategic and financial advice and assistance in connection with a potential merger or sale of all or a majority of the equity, business or assets of Grubhub. As part of this engagement, Grubhub requested that Evercore evaluate the fairness, from a financial point of view, of the exchange ratio pursuant to the Merger Agreement to the holders of Grubhub Shares, other than excluded shares.
At a meeting of the Grubhub Board held on 10 June 2020, Evercore rendered to the Grubhub Board its opinion to the effect that, as of that date and based upon and subject to the assumptions, limitations, qualifications and conditions described in Evercore’s opinion, the exchange ratio pursuant to the Merger Agreement was fair, from a financial point of view, to the holders of Grubhub Shares, other than excluded shares.
The full text of the written opinion of Evercore, dated 10 June 2020, which sets forth, among other things, the procedures followed, assumptions made, matters considered and qualifications and limitations on the scope of review undertaken in rendering its opinion, is attached as Annex C to this proxy statement/prospectus and is incorporated herein by reference. Grubhub encourages you to read Evercore’s opinion carefully and in its entirety. Evercore’s opinion was addressed to, and provided for the information and benefit of, the Grubhub Board (in its capacity as such) in connection with its evaluation of the Transaction. The opinion does not constitute a recommendation to the Grubhub Board or to any other persons in respect of the Transaction, including as to how any holder of Grubhub Shares should vote or act in respect of the Transaction. Evercore’s opinion does not address the relative merits of the Transaction as compared to other business or financial strategies that might be available to Grubhub, nor does it address the underlying business decision of Grubhub to engage in the Transaction.
In connection with rendering its opinion Evercore, among other things:
reviewed certain publicly available business and financial information relating to Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com that Evercore deemed to be relevant, including publicly available research analysts’ estimates;
reviewed certain non-public historical operating data and assumptions relating to Grubhub prepared and furnished to it by management of Grubhub and approved for use in connection with Evercore’s opinion by management of Grubhub;
reviewed certain non-public historical operating data and assumptions relating to Just Eat Takeaway.com prepared and furnished to it by management of Just Eat Takeaway.com and approved for use in connection with Evercore’s opinion by management of Grubhub;
reviewed certain projected financial data relating to Grubhub and furnished to Evercore by management of Grubhub, as approved for Evercore’s use by Grubhub (referred to as the Grubhub financial projections; see the section entitled “—Certain Unaudited Prospective Financial Information Prepared by Grubhub” beginning on page 101 of this proxy statement/prospectus), and certain projected financial data relating to Just Eat Takeaway.com based on Wall Street research, as adjusted, and approved for Evercore’s use by Grubhub (referred to as the counterparty financial projections; see the section entitled
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“—Certain Unaudited Prospective Financial Information Prepared by Grubhub” beginning on page 101 of this proxy statement/prospectus), including certain operating synergies prepared by management of Grubhub expected to result from the Transaction, as approved for Evercore’s use by Grubhub (referred to as the estimated cost synergies; see the section entitled “—Certain Estimated Cost Synergies Prepared by Grubhub” beginning on page 105 of this proxy statement/prospectus);
discussed with managements of Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com their assessment of the past and current operations of Just Eat Takeaway.com, the current financial condition and prospects of Just Eat Takeaway.com, and discussed with management of Grubhub its assessment of the past and current operations of Grubhub, the current financial condition and prospects of Grubhub and the Grubhub financial projections, the counterparty financial projections, and the estimated cost synergies;
performed discounted cash flow analyses on Grubhub based on the Grubhub financial projections and other data provided by the management of Grubhub, as applicable;
performed discounted cash flow analyses on Just Eat Takeaway.com based on the counterparty financial projections and other data provided by the management of Grubhub, as applicable;
reviewed the reported prices and the historical trading activity of the Grubhub Shares and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares;
compared the financial performance of Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com and their respective stock market trading multiples with those of certain other publicly traded companies that Evercore deemed relevant;
reviewed the acquisition premia for acquisition transactions announced during the time from 1 January 2010 to 5 June 2020 involving a public company based in the United States as the target where the disclosed enterprise values for the transaction were greater than $1 billion;
reviewed the financial terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement; and
performed such other analyses and examinations and considered such other factors that Evercore deemed appropriate.
For purposes of its analysis and opinion, Evercore assumed and relied upon the accuracy and completeness of the financial and other information publicly available, and all of the information supplied or otherwise made available to, discussed with, or reviewed by Evercore, without any independent verification of such information (and did not assume responsibility or liability for any independent verification of such information), and further relied upon the assurances of the managements of each of Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com that they were not aware of any facts or circumstances that would make such information provided by such management inaccurate or misleading. With respect to the Grubhub financial projections, the counterparty financial projections, and the estimated cost synergies, Evercore assumed with Grubhub’s consent that they had been reasonably prepared on bases reflecting the best currently available estimates and good faith judgments of the management of Grubhub as to the future financial performance of Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com and the other matters covered thereby. Evercore relied, at the direction of Grubhub, on the assessments of the management of Grubhub as to Just Eat Takeaway.com’s ability to achieve the estimated cost synergies and assumed with Evercore’s consent, that the estimated cost synergies would be realized in the amounts and at the times estimated. Evercore expressed no view as to the Grubhub financial projections, the counterparty financial projections and the estimated cost synergies, or the assumptions on which they were based.
For purposes of Evercore’s analysis and opinion, Evercore assumed, in all respects material to its analysis, that the representations and warranties of each party contained in the Merger Agreement were true and correct, that each party would perform all of the covenants and agreements required to be performed by it under the Merger Agreement and that all conditions to the consummation of the Transaction would be satisfied without waiver or modification thereof. Evercore further assumed, in all respects material to Evercore’s analysis, that all governmental, regulatory or other consents, approvals or releases necessary for the consummation of the Transaction would be obtained without any delay, limitation, restriction or condition that would have an adverse effect on Grubhub, Just Eat Takeaway.com or the consummation of the Transaction or reduce the contemplated benefits to the holders of Grubhub Shares of the Transaction.
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Evercore did not conduct a physical inspection of the properties or facilities of Grubhub or Just Eat Takeaway.com and did not make or assume any responsibility for making any independent valuation or appraisal of the assets or liabilities (including any contingent, derivative or other off-balance sheet assets and liabilities) of Grubhub or Just Eat Takeaway.com, nor was Evercore furnished with any such valuations or appraisals, nor did Evercore evaluate the solvency or fair value of Grubhub or Just Eat Takeaway.com under any state or federal laws relating to bankruptcy, insolvency or similar matters. Evercore’s opinion was necessarily based upon information made available to Evercore as of the date thereof and financial, economic, market and other conditions as they existed and as could be evaluated on the date thereof. It was understood that developments subsequent to Evercore’s opinion could affect its opinion and that Evercore did not have any obligation to update, revise or reaffirm its opinion.
Evercore was not asked to pass upon, and expressed no opinion with respect to, any matter other than the fairness to the holders of Grubhub Shares, other than excluded shares, from a financial point of view, of the exchange ratio pursuant to the Merger Agreement. Evercore did not express any view on, and Evercore’s opinion does not address, the fairness of the Transaction to, or any consideration received in connection therewith by, the holders of any other class of securities, creditors or other constituencies of Grubhub, nor as to the fairness of the amount or nature of any compensation to be paid or payable to any of the officers, directors or employees of Grubhub or Just Eat Takeaway.com, or any class of such persons, whether relative to the exchange ratio or otherwise. Evercore was not asked to, nor did it express any view on, and Evercore’s opinion did not address, any other term or aspect of the Merger Agreement or the Transaction, including, without limitation, the structure or form of the Transaction, or any term or aspect of any other agreement or instrument contemplated by the Merger Agreement or entered into or amended in connection with the Merger Agreement. Evercore’s opinion did not address the relative merits of the Transaction as compared to other business or financial strategies that might be available to Grubhub, nor did it address the underlying business decision of Grubhub to engage in the Transaction. Evercore did not express any view on, and Evercore’s opinion does not address, what the value of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs or the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares actually would be when issued or the prices at which Grubhub Shares, the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs or the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares will trade at any time, including following announcement or consummation of the Transaction. Evercore’s opinion did not constitute a recommendation to the Grubhub Board or to any other persons in respect of the Transaction, including as to how any holder of Grubhub Shares should vote or act in respect of the Transaction. Evercore did not express any opinion as to the prices at which Grubhub Shares, Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, or the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares would trade at any time, as to the potential effects of volatility in the credit, financial and stock markets on Grubhub or the Transaction or as to the impact of the Transaction on the solvency or viability of Grubhub or the ability of Grubhub to pay its obligations when they come due. Evercore is not a legal, regulatory, accounting or tax expert and assumed the accuracy and completeness of assessments by Grubhub and its advisors with respect to legal, regulatory, accounting and tax matters.
Set forth below is a summary of the material financial analyses reviewed by Evercore with the Grubhub Board on 10 June 2020 in connection with rendering its opinion. The following summary, however, does not purport to be a complete description of the analyses performed by Evercore. The order of the analyses described and the results of these analyses do not represent relative importance or weight given to these analyses by Evercore. Except as otherwise noted, the following quantitative information, to the extent that it is based on market data, is based on market data that existed on or before 9 June 2020 (the last trading date prior to the rendering of Evercore’s opinion), and is not necessarily indicative of current market conditions.
For purposes of its analyses and reviews, Evercore considered general business, economic, market and financial conditions, industry sector performance, and other matters, as they existed and could be evaluated as of the date of its opinion, many of which are beyond the control of Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com. The estimates contained in Evercore’s analyses and reviews, and the ranges of valuations resulting from any particular analysis or review, are not necessarily indicative of actual values or predictive of future results or values, which may be significantly more or less favorable than those suggested by Evercore’s analyses and reviews. In addition, analyses and reviews relating to the value of companies, businesses or securities do not purport to be appraisals or to reflect the prices at which companies, businesses or securities actually may be sold. Accordingly, the estimates used in, and the results derived from, Evercore’s analyses and reviews are inherently subject to substantial uncertainty.
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The following summary of Evercore’s financial analyses includes information presented in tabular format. In order to fully understand the analyses, the tables should be read together with the full text of each summary. The tables are not intended to stand alone and alone do not constitute a complete description of Evercore’s financial analyses. Considering the tables below without considering the full narrative description of Evercore’s financial analyses, including the methodologies and assumptions underlying such analyses, could create a misleading or incomplete view of such analyses.
In calculating the implied exchange ratios as reflected in the financial analyses described below, Evercore used the ranges of implied share prices of Grubhub Shares and Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and divided the lowest implied share price for a Grubhub Share by the highest implied share price for a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share converted from EUR to USD at a EUR/USD exchange rate of 1.1355x as of 9 June 2020 (the “Exchange Rate”), for the low end of the exchange ratio range, and divided the highest implied share price for a Grubhub Share by the lowest implied share price for a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share converted to USD at the Exchange Rate, for the high end of the exchange ratio range.
Summary of Evercore’s Financial Analyses
Discounted Cash Flow Analysis
Grubhub
Evercore performed a discounted cash flow analysis of Grubhub to calculate the estimated present value of the standalone unlevered, after-tax free cash flows that Grubhub was forecasted to generate during Grubhub’s second, third and fourth quarter of fiscal year 2020 and fiscal years 2021 through 2024 based on the Grubhub financial projections (the “Grubhub Projections DCF”). Evercore calculated terminal values for Grubhub by applying terminal year multiples ranging from 16.0x to 20.0x to the estimated terminal year adjusted EBITDA of Grubhub as reflected in the Grubhub financial projections (which analysis implied perpetuity growth rates for Grubhub for the period after 31 December 2024 ranging from of 6.8% to 9.2%). The cash flows and terminal values in each case were then discounted to present value as of 31 March 2020 using discount rates ranging from 9.0% to 11.0%, which were based on an estimate of Grubhub’s weighted average cost of capital, and the mid-year cash flow discounting convention. Evercore derived a range of illustrative enterprise values for Grubhub by adding the ranges of present values for the cash flows and terminal values and the estimated present value as of 31 March 2020 of the tax savings of Grubhub attributed to its net operating losses calculated by applying the same range of discount rates referred to above. Evercore then subtracted from the range of illustrative enterprise values it calculated Grubhub’s net debt (defined as total debt, including lease liabilities, less cash and cash equivalents) as of 31 March 2020, as calculated based on Grubhub’s public filings and information provided to Evercore by Grubhub management and approved for Evercore’s use by Grubhub management to derive a range of illustrative equity values for Grubhub. Evercore then divided the range of illustrative equity values it derived for Grubhub by the number of fully diluted outstanding Grubhub Shares, calculated using the treasury stock method, as provided to Evercore by Grubhub management and approved for Evercore’s use by Grubhub management. This analysis indicated a range of implied share prices per Grubhub Share of approximately $40.63 to approximately $55.58.
For reference purposes only and using the same method as described above for the Grubhub Projections DCF, Evercore also performed a discounted cash flow analysis of Grubhub based on the Grubhub financial projections and taking into account 50% of the estimated cost synergies (the “Grubhub Projections Plus Synergies DCF”). Evercore calculated a range of implied values of synergies by applying multiples ranging from 10.0x to 12.0x to the estimated cost synergies and dividing the resulting range by 50%. Evercore then calculated the implied value of the synergies per Grubhub Share by dividing the range of implied synergies by the number of fully diluted outstanding Grubhub Shares, calculated using the treasury stock method, as provided to Evercore by Grubhub management and approved for Evercore’s use by Grubhub management. Evercore then added to the implied share prices of Grubhub Shares (as calculated above) the implied value of the synergies per Grubhub Share. This analysis indicated a range of implied share prices per Grubhub Share of approximately $43.20 to approximately $58.67.
Just Eat Takeaway.com
Evercore performed a discounted cash flow analysis of Just Eat Takeaway.com to calculate the estimated present value of the standalone unlevered, after-tax free cash flows that Just Eat Takeaway.com was forecasted to generate during Just Eat Takeaway.com’s fiscal years 2020 through 2029 based on the counterparty financial
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projections. Evercore calculated terminal values for Just Eat Takeaway.com by applying terminal year multiples ranging from 12.0x to 14.0x to the estimated terminal year adjusted EBITDA of Just Eat Takeaway.com as reflected in the counterparty financial projections (which analysis implied perpetuity growth rates for Just Eat Takeaway.com for the period after 31 December 2029 ranging from of 2.6% to 5.3%). The cash flows and terminal values in each case were then discounted to present value as of 31 March 2020 using discount rates ranging from 9.0% to 11.0%, which were based on an estimate of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s weighted average cost of capital, and the mid-year cash flow discounting convention. Evercore derived a range of illustrative enterprise values for Just Eat Takeaway.com by adding the ranges of present values for the cash flows and terminal values and the estimated present value as of 31 March 2020 of the tax savings of Just Eat Takeaway.com attributed to unused tax losses, calculated by applying the same range of discount rates referred to above. Evercore then subtracted from the range of illustrative enterprise values it calculated Just Eat Takeaway.com’s estimated net debt (defined as total debt, including lease liabilities, less cash and cash equivalents), as calculated based on information provided to Evercore by Just Eat Takeaway.com management and approved for Evercore’s use by Grubhub management and added Just Eat Takeaway.com’s unconsolidated assets, as calculated based on Takeaway.com N.V.’s public filings, certain publicly available research analyst reports for Just Eat Takeaway.com and information provided to Evercore by Grubhub management and approved for Evercore’s use by Grubhub management to derive a range of illustrative equity values for Just Eat Takeaway.com. Evercore then divided the range of illustrative equity values it derived for Just Eat Takeaway.com by the number of fully diluted outstanding Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, calculated using the treasury stock method, as provided to Evercore by Just Eat Takeaway.com management and approved for Evercore’s use by Grubhub management. This analysis indicated a range of implied share prices per Just Eat Takeaway.com Share of approximately €106.34 to approximately €136.68.
Implied Exchange Ratio
Utilizing the approximate implied share price reference ranges derived for Grubhub Shares using the Grubhub Projections DCF and Just Eat Takeaway.com using the Counterparty Projections DCF, as described above, Evercore calculated the following implied exchange ratio range, compared to the exchange ratio of 0.6710x pursuant to the Merger Agreement and the exchange ratio of 0.4320x based on price per Just Eat Takeaway.com Share as of 11 May 2020 (the “Undisturbed Date”), the last trading date prior to rumors of a potential transaction involving Grubhub being published on Bloomberg:
Range of Implied Exchange Ratios
0.2618x — 0.4603x
For reference purposes only, utilizing the approximate implied share price reference ranges derived for Grubhub Shares using the Grubhub Projections Plus Synergies DCF and Just Eat Takeaway.com using the Counterparty Projections DCF, as described above, Evercore calculated the following implied exchange ratio range, compared to the exchange ratio of 0.6710x pursuant to the Merger Agreement and the exchange ratio of 0.4320x based on price per Just Eat Takeaway.com Share as of the Undisturbed Date:
Range of Implied Exchange Ratios
0.2784x — 0.4859x
Equity Research Analyst Price Targets
Grubhub
For reference purposes only, Evercore reviewed selected public market trading price targets for the Grubhub Shares prepared and published by equity research analysts that were publicly available as of 9 June 2020. These price targets, which ranged from $30.00 to $79.00 per Grubhub Share with a mean price target of $48.76 and median price target of $49.00 per Grubhub Share, reflected analysts’ estimates of the future public market trading price of the Grubhub Shares at the time the price target was published. Public market trading price targets published by equity research analysts do not necessarily reflect current market trading prices for the Grubhub Shares and these target prices and the analysts’ earnings estimates on which they were based are subject to risk and uncertainties, including factors affecting the financial performance of Grubhub and future general industry and market conditions.
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Just Eat Takeaway.com
For reference purposes only, Evercore reviewed selected public market trading price targets for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares prepared and published by equity research analysts that were publicly available as of 9 June 2020. These price targets, which ranged from €60.00 to €130.00 per Just Eat Takeaway.com Share with a mean price target of €98.61 and median price target of €108.13 per Just Eat Takeaway.com Share, reflect analysts’ estimates of the future public market trading price of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares at the time the price target was published. Public market trading price targets published by equity research analysts do not necessarily reflect current market trading prices for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and these target prices and the analysts’ earnings estimates on which they were based are subject to risk and uncertainties, including factors affecting the financial performance of Just Eat Takeaway.com and future general industry and market conditions.
52-Week Trading Range Analysis
Grubhub
For reference purposes only, Evercore reviewed historical trading prices of Grubhub Shares during the twelve-month period ended 9 June 2020, noting that the low and high closing prices during such period ranged from approximately $30.13 to approximately $79.73 per Grubhub Share, respectively.
Just Eat Takeaway.com
For reference purposes only, Evercore reviewed historical trading prices of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares during the twelve-month period ended 9 June 2020, noting that the low and high closing prices during such period ranged from approximately €62.30 to approximately €101.30 per Just Eat Takeaway.com Share, respectively.
Premia Paid Analysis
Grubhub
For reference purposes only, Evercore reviewed and analyzed premia paid in transactions above $1 billion involving publicly traded U.S.-based companies as the target announced during the time from 1 January 2010 to 5 June 2020. Based on its professional judgment and experience and the premia reviewed in the selected transactions, Evercore applied reference ranges of premia of 15.0% to 25.0% to the closing price of Grubhub Shares as of the Undisturbed Date. This analysis implied a share price reference range of approximately $53.81 to $58.49 for Grubhub.
Implied Exchange Ratio
For reference purposes only, utilizing the implied price per share reference ranges derived for Grubhub Shares using the premia paid analysis and using the Just Eat Takeaway.com Share price of $108.30 as of the Undisturbed Date, Evercore calculated the following implied exchange ratio range, compared to the exchange ratio of 0.6710x pursuant to the Merger Agreement and the exchange ratio of 0.4320x based on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Share price as of the Undisturbed Date:
Range of Implied Exchange Ratios
0.4968x — 0.5400x
Miscellaneous
The foregoing summary of Evercore’s financial analyses does not purport to be a complete description of the analyses or data presented by Evercore to the Grubhub Board. In connection with the review of the Transaction by the Grubhub Board, Evercore performed a variety of financial and comparative analyses for purposes of rendering its opinion. The preparation of a fairness opinion is a complex process and is not necessarily susceptible to partial analysis or summary description. Selecting portions of the analyses or of the summary described above, without considering the analyses as a whole, could create an incomplete view of the processes underlying Evercore’s opinion. In arriving at its fairness determination, Evercore considered the results of all the analyses and did not draw, in isolation, conclusions from or with regard to any one analysis or factor
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considered by it for purposes of its opinion. Rather, Evercore made its determination as to fairness on the basis of its professional judgment and experience after considering the results of all the analyses. In addition, Evercore may have given various analyses and factors more or less weight than other analyses and factors, and may have deemed various assumptions more or less probable than other assumptions. As a result, the ranges of valuations resulting from any particular analysis or combination of analyses described above should not be taken to be the view of Evercore with respect to the actual value of the Grubhub Shares or Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares. Rounding may result in total sums set forth in this section not equaling the total of the figures shown.
Evercore prepared these analyses for the purpose of providing an opinion to the Grubhub Board as to the fairness, from a financial point of view, of the exchange ratio pursuant to the Merger Agreement to the holders of Grubhub Shares, other than excluded shares. These analyses do not purport to be appraisals or to reflect the prices at which the business or securities actually may be sold. Any estimates contained in these analyses are not necessarily indicative of actual future results, which may be significantly more or less favorable than those suggested by such estimates. Accordingly, estimates used in, and the results derived from, Evercore’s analyses are inherently subject to substantial uncertainty, and Evercore assumes no responsibility if future results are materially different from those forecasted in such estimates.
Evercore’s financial advisory services and its opinion were provided for the information and benefit of the Grubhub Board (in its capacity as such) in connection with its evaluation of the proposed Transaction. The issuance of Evercore’s opinion was approved by an Opinion Committee of Evercore.
Evercore did not recommend any specific amount of consideration to the Grubhub Board or Grubhub’s management or that any specific amount of consideration constituted the only appropriate consideration in the Transaction for the holders of Grubhub Shares.
Pursuant to the terms of Evercore’s engagement letter with Grubhub, Grubhub has agreed to pay Evercore a fee for its services in the amount of approximately $46 million, of which $250,000 was paid as a retainer fee upon execution of Evercore’s engagement letter with Grubhub, $3 million was paid upon delivery of Evercore’s opinion and the balance of which will be payable contingent upon the consummation of the Transaction. Grubhub has also agreed to reimburse Evercore for its actual, reasonable, out-of-pocket and documented expenses (including external legal fees, expenses and disbursements) and to indemnify Evercore against certain liabilities arising out of its engagement.
Other than as described in the paragraph above with respect to the $250,000 that was paid to Evercore upon execution of Evercore’s engagement letter with Grubhub as a retainer fee, during the two-year period prior to the date of its opinion, Evercore and its affiliates have not been engaged to provide financial advisory or other services to Grubhub and Evercore has not received any compensation from Grubhub during such period. In addition, during the two-year period prior to the date of its opinion, Evercore and its affiliates have not been engaged to provide financial advisory or other services to Just Eat Takeaway.com and Evercore has not received any compensation from Just Eat Takeaway.com during such period. Evercore may provide financial advisory or other services to Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com in the future, and in connection with any such services Evercore may receive compensation.
Evercore and its affiliates engage in a wide range of activities for its and their own accounts and the accounts of customers, including corporate finance, mergers and acquisitions, equity sales, trading and research, private equity, placement agent, asset management and related activities. In connection with these businesses or otherwise, Evercore and its affiliates and/or its or their respective employees, as well as investment funds in which any of them may have a financial interest, may at any time, directly or indirectly, hold long or short positions and may trade or otherwise effect transactions for their own accounts or the accounts of customers, in debt or equity securities, senior loans and/or derivative products or other financial instruments of or relating to Grubhub, Just Eat Takeaway.com, potential parties to the Transaction and/or any of their respective affiliates or persons that are competitors, customers or suppliers of Grubhub or Just Eat Takeaway.com.
Grubhub engaged Evercore to act as a financial advisor based on Evercore’s qualifications, understanding of Grubhub’s business, industry knowledge, relevant experience and reputation. Evercore is an internationally recognized investment banking firm and regularly provides fairness opinions in connection with mergers and acquisitions, leveraged buyouts and valuations for corporate and other purposes.
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Certain Unaudited Prospective Financial Information Prepared by Grubhub
Neither Grubhub nor Just Eat Takeaway.com generally publishes its business plans and strategies or makes external disclosures of its anticipated financial position or results of operations, except that Grubhub has provided estimated ranges of certain expected financial results and operational metrics for the then-current fiscal quarter and fiscal year in its regular earnings press releases and accompanying investor materials. This approach is due to a variety of reasons, including the uncertainty, unpredictability and subjectivity of the underlying assumptions and estimates required for such projections. Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com are especially reluctant to disclose projections for extended periods due to the increasing uncertainty, unpredictability and subjectivity of such assumptions and estimates when applied to time periods further in the future. Accordingly, undue reliance should not be placed on the unaudited prospective financial information summarized below.
In connection with its evaluation of the Transaction, Grubhub management prepared certain non-public, internal financial projections regarding Grubhub’s potential future performance (the “Grubhub financial projections”). As part of the due diligence investigation of Just Eat Takeaway.com undertaken by Grubhub and its advisors, Grubhub requested from Just Eat Takeaway.com non-public forecasts and projections as to Just Eat Takeaway.com’s potential future performance prepared or adopted by Just Eat Takeaway.com’s management. Just Eat Takeaway.com informed Grubhub that it does not as a matter of course make public forecasts or projections, and instead Just Eat Takeaway.com directed Grubhub to use publicly available equity analyst forecasts as the basis for information on Just Eat Takeaway.com’s potential future performance. Grubhub in turn used forecasts developed based on these analyst forecasts, subject to certain adjustments based on Grubhub management’s assumptions and due diligence review, as the basis of its financial projections regarding Just Eat Takeaway.com’s potential future performance (the “counterparty financial projections” and, together with the Grubhub financial projections, the “financial projections”). Grubhub management also prepared estimates of certain cost synergies estimated to be potentially realizable by a combined company in connection with the Transaction (the “estimated cost synergies”). The estimated cost synergies are not reflected in the Grubhub financial projections or counterparty financial projections, but are summarized in the section entitled “—Certain Estimated Cost Synergies Prepared by Grubhub” beginning on page 105 of this proxy statement/prospectus. Neither Just Eat Takeaway.com nor any officer or director of Just Eat Takeaway.com was involved in the preparation of, or commented on, the counterparty financial projections or estimated cost synergies, and the estimated cost synergies are not necessarily indicative of the benefits of the Transaction expected by Just Eat Takeaway.com.
Grubhub management provided the financial projections and estimated cost synergies to the Grubhub Board in connection with the Grubhub Board’s evaluation of the Transaction. Grubhub management also provided the financial projections and estimated cost synergies to Evercore for use in connection with its financial analyses described in the section entitled “—Opinion of Grubhub’s Financial Advisor” beginning on page 94 of this proxy statement/prospectus and provided the Grubhub financial projections to Just Eat Takeaway.com and its financial advisors for use in connection with Just Eat Takeaway.com’s due diligence process.
The inclusion of the financial projections and estimated cost synergies in this proxy statement/prospectus should not be regarded as an indication that any of Grubhub, Just Eat Takeaway.com or their respective affiliates, advisors, officers, directors or representatives consider the financial projections or estimated cost synergies to be predictive of actual future events, and the financial projections and estimated cost synergies should not be relied upon as such. The financial projections and estimated cost synergies are not being included in this proxy statement/prospectus to influence your decision on whether to vote in favor of any proposal. None of Grubhub, Just Eat Takeaway.com or their respective affiliates, advisors, officers, directors or representatives can give you any assurance that actual results will be consistent with the financial projections or estimated cost synergies. Grubhub advised recipients of the Grubhub financial projections and estimated cost synergies that Grubhub’s internal financial forecasts and assumptions with respect to the Grubhub financial projections and estimated cost synergies, upon which such projections and estimates were based, are subjective in many respects. While presented with numerical specificity, the Grubhub financial projections and estimated cost synergies were based on many variables and assumptions known to Grubhub at the time of preparation that are inherently uncertain and may be beyond the control of Grubhub. In addition, Grubhub advised recipients of the counterparty financial projections that the counterparty financial projections were developed by using publicly available equity analyst forecasts, subject to certain adjustments based on Grubhub management’s assumptions and due diligence review. These equity analyst forecasts may have been prepared by analysts based on variables and assumptions that are inherently uncertain and beyond the control of Just Eat Takeaway.com. Important factors that may affect actual results and cause the financial projections or estimated cost synergies not to be achieved include, but are not
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limited to, risks and uncertainties relating to the businesses of Grubhub, Just Eat Takeaway.com and the combined company (including their ability to achieve strategic goals, objectives and targets over applicable periods), industry performance, the legal, regulatory and competitive environment, changes in technology, general business and economic conditions and other factors described or referenced under “Risk Factors” and “Cautionary Information Regarding Forward-Looking Statements and Risk Factor Summary” beginning on pages 34 and xiv, respectively, of this proxy statement/prospectus. Various assumptions underlying the financial projections and estimated cost synergies may prove not to have been, or may no longer be, accurate. The financial projections do not give effect to the Transaction, nor do they take into account any circumstances or events occurring after the respective dates on which they were prepared. The financial projections and estimated cost synergies cover multiple years, and such information by its nature becomes less predictive with each successive year. As a result, the inclusion of the financial projections and estimated cost synergies in this proxy statement/prospectus should not be relied on as necessarily predictive of actual future events, and actual results may differ materially (and will differ materially if the Transaction is completed) from the financial projections and estimated cost synergies. For all of these reasons, the financial projections, estimated cost synergies and assumptions upon which they are based, are not guarantees of future results, inherently speculative and subject to a number of risks and uncertainties.
Although the Grubhub financial projections were prepared on an accounting basis consistent with Grubhub’s audited financial statements, they were not prepared under any comprehensive set of accounting rules or principles or with a view toward public disclosure or toward compliance with published guidelines of the SEC or the guidelines established by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants for preparation and presentation of prospective financial information. The financial projections and estimated cost synergies have been prepared by, and are the responsibility of, Grubhub. None of Crowe LLP (the Grubhub Group’s independent auditor), Deloitte Accountants B.V. (the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s independent auditor), Deloitte LLP (Just Eat Group’s independent auditor) nor any other independent accountants have compiled, examined, or performed any procedures with respect to the prospective financial information or estimated cost synergies contained herein, nor have they expressed any opinion or any other form of assurance on such information or its achievability, and assume no responsibility for, and disclaim any association with, the prospective financial information or estimated cost synergies. The Crowe LLP report incorporated by reference in this proxy statement/prospectus relates to the Grubhub Group’s previously issued audited financial statements, the Deloitte Accountants B.V. report included in this proxy statement/prospectus relates to Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s previously issued audited financial statements and the Deloitte LLP report included in this proxy statement/prospectus relates to the Just Eat Group’s previously issued audited financial statements. None of the auditor reports included in or incorporated by reference into this proxy/statement extends to the financial projections or estimated cost synergies and should not be read to do so.
For these reasons, as well as the basis and assumptions on which the financial projections or estimated cost synergies were compiled, the inclusion of specific portions of the financial projections or estimated cost synergies in this proxy statement/prospectus should not be regarded as an indication that such financial projections or estimated cost synergies will be an accurate prediction of future events, and they should not be relied on as such. Except as required by applicable securities laws, neither Grubhub nor any of its affiliates, advisors, officers, directors or representatives intends to update or otherwise revise the financial projections, estimated cost synergies or the specific portions presented herein to reflect circumstances existing after the respective dates when the applicable financial projections or estimated cost synergies were made or to reflect the occurrence of future events, even in the event that any or all of the assumptions are shown to be in error. Therefore, readers of this proxy statement/prospectus are cautioned not to place undue, if any, reliance on the specific portions of the financial projections or estimated cost synergies set forth below. In addition, neither Grubhub nor any of its affiliates, advisors, officers, directors or representatives has made, makes or is authorized in the future to make any representation to any shareholder or other person regarding Grubhub’s or Just Eat Takeaway.com’s ultimate performance compared to the information contained in the financial projections or estimated cost synergies or that the financial projections or estimated cost synergies will be achieved, and any statement to the contrary should be disregarded. Neither Grubhub nor its financial advisor assumes any responsibility for the validity, reasonableness, accuracy or completeness of the financial projections or estimated cost synergies. Grubhub has made no representation to Just Eat Takeaway.com, and Just Eat Takeaway.com has made no representation to Grubhub, in the Merger Agreement or otherwise, concerning the financial projections or estimated cost synergies.
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Grubhub Financial Projections
Grubhub management prepared certain projections regarding Grubhub’s future operations for fiscal years 2020 through 2024, on a stand-alone basis, assuming Grubhub would continue as an independent company, without giving effect to the consummation of the Transaction. Therefore, the Grubhub financial projections do not give effect to the Transaction or any changes to Grubhub’s operations or strategy that may be implemented after the consummation of the Transaction, including any potential benefits to be realized as a result of the Transaction, or to any costs incurred in connection with the Transaction. Furthermore, the Grubhub financial projections do not take into account the effect of any failure of the Transaction to be consummated and should not be viewed as relevant or continuing in that context.
The Grubhub financial projections were provided by Grubhub management to the Grubhub Board in connection with the Grubhub Board’s evaluation of the Transaction, and were also provided to Evercore for use in connection with Evercore’s financial analyses described in the section entitled “—Opinion of Grubhub’s Financial Advisor” beginning on page 94 of this proxy statement/prospectus, and to Just Eat Takeaway.com and its financial advisors for use in connection with Just Eat Takeaway.com’s due diligence process.
The Grubhub financial projections were based on numerous variables and assumptions, including the following key assumptions:
gross food sales increasing at a compound annual growth rate (“CAGR”) of 15% from 2020 to 2024;
operations and support expense, sales and marketing expense, technology expense, and general and administrative expense collectively increasing at a CAGR of 17% from 2020 to 2024;
capital expenditures and capitalized website and development costs increasing at a CAGR of 4% from 2020 to 2024;
recognizing income tax benefit of $19 million in 2020 and $0 for each of 2021, 2022, 2023 and 2024;
no dividend and no equity issuances occurring other than in connection with share-based compensation; and
no long-term debt outstanding other than the Grubhub Senior Notes.
The following table presents a summary of the Grubhub financial projections:
(USD, in millions)
2020E
2021E
2022E
2023E
2024E
Revenue
$1,590
$1,982
$2,410
$2,810
$3,242
Adjusted EBITDA(1)
$101
$174
$239
$308
$412
Levered free cash flow(2)
$(5)
$65
$127
$190
$291
(1)
For purposes of the Grubhub financial projections, adjusted EBITDA is calculated as net income (loss) before acquisition, restructuring and certain legal costs, income taxes, net interest expense, depreciation and amortization and stock-based compensation expense.
(2)
For purposes of the Grubhub financial projections, levered free cash flow is calculated as net income (loss) plus depreciation, amortization, stock-based compensation expenses, change in working capital and cash flow from other operating activities and less capital expenditures.
Adjusted EBITDA and levered free cash flow are non-GAAP financial measures. This information was not prepared for public disclosure. Non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, financial measures determined or calculated in accordance with GAAP. Additionally, non-GAAP financial measures as presented by Grubhub may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies. In the view of Grubhub management, the Grubhub financial projections were prepared on a reasonable basis based on the information available to Grubhub management at the time of their preparation.
Counterparty Financial Projections Used by Grubhub
As part of the due diligence investigation of Just Eat Takeaway.com undertaken by Grubhub, Grubhub requested from Just Eat Takeaway.com non-public forecasts and projections as to Just Eat Takeaway.com’s potential future performance prepared or adopted by Just Eat Takeaway.com’s management, but Just Eat Takeaway.com informed Grubhub that it does not as a matter of course make public forecasts or projections as to its potential future performance. Instead, Just Eat Takeaway.com directed Grubhub to use publicly available
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equity analyst forecasts as the basis for information on Just Eat Takeaway.com’s potential future performance. Grubhub in turn used forecasts developed based on these analyst forecasts, subject to certain adjustments based on Grubhub management’s assumptions and due diligence review, as the basis of its financial projections regarding Just Eat Takeaway.com’s future operations for fiscal years 2020 through 2029, on a stand-alone basis, assuming Just Eat Takeaway.com would continue as an independent company, without giving effect to the consummation of the Transaction. The counterparty financial projections do not give effect to the Transaction or any changes to Just Eat Takeaway.com’s operations or strategy that may be implemented after the consummation of the Transaction, including potential benefits to be realized as a result of the Transaction, or to any costs incurred in connection with the Transaction. Furthermore, the counterparty financial projections do not take into account the effect of any failure of the Transaction to be consummated and should not be viewed as relevant or continuing in that context.
The counterparty financial projections were provided by Grubhub management to the Grubhub Board in connection with the Grubhub Board’s evaluation of the Transaction, and were also provided to Evercore for use in connection with Evercore’s financial analyses described in the section entitled “—Opinion of Grubhub’s Financial Advisor” beginning on page 94 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
The counterparty financial projections were based on numerous variables and assumptions, including the following key assumptions:
Adjusted EBITDA margin improving from 7% in 2020 to 31% in 2025 as a result of cost of sales, staff costs, and other operating expense leverage;
Adjusted EBITDA increasing at a CAGR of 13% from 2025 to 2029;
capital expenditures increasing at a CAGR of 10% from 2020 to 2029;
an income tax rate of 21% from 2020 to 2029;
constant foreign exchange rates; and
no dividend and no equity issuances occurring other than in connection with share-based compensation.
Other than directing Grubhub to use publicly available equity analyst forecasts, neither Just Eat Takeaway.com nor any officer or director of Just Eat Takeaway.com was involved in the preparation of, or commented on, the counterparty financial projections or the assumptions that were used in connection with the counterparty financial projections.
The following tables present a summary of the counterparty financial projections:
(EUR, in millions)
2020E
2021E
2022E
2023E
2024E
Adjusted net revenue(1)
€1,946
€2,375
€2,880
€3,433
€4,040
Adjusted EBITDA(2)
143
200
430
720
€1,061
Unlevered free cash flow(3)
59
93
267
484
740
(EUR, in millions)
2025E
2026E
2027E
2028E
2029E
Adjusted net revenue(1)
€4,714
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Adjusted EBITDA(2)
€1,462
€1,688
€1,925
€2,171
€2,418
Unlevered free cash flow(3)
€1,043
€1,205
€1,380
€1,564
€1,748
(1)
For purposes of the counterparty financial projections, adjusted net revenue is defined as commission revenue plus other revenue less vouchers and discounts. The counterparty financial projections do not include adjusted net revenue figures for 2026E-2029E because the publicly available equity analyst forecasts that formed the basis of the counterparty financial projections did not estimate adjusted net revenue over that time period.
(2)
For purposes of the counterparty financial projections, adjusted EBITDA is defined as profit or loss before depreciation, amortization, impairment, finance income and expenses, share of results of associates and joint ventures, gain on joint ventures disposal, acquisition related transaction and integration costs, and income tax expense, but including stock-based compensation expenses.
(3)
For purposes of the counterparty financial projections, unlevered free cash flow is calculated as tax affected adjusted EBITDA less capital expenditures and changes in net working capital.
Adjusted net revenue, adjusted EBITDA and unlevered free cash flow are non-IFRS financial measures. This information was not prepared for public disclosure. Non-IFRS financial measures should not be considered a
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substitute for, or superior to, financial measures determined or calculated in accordance with IFRS. Additionally, the non-IFRS financial measures used in the counterparty financial projections may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies. In the view of Grubhub’s management, the counterparty financial projections were prepared on a reasonable basis.
Certain Estimated Cost Synergies Prepared by Grubhub
In connection with its evaluation of the Transaction, Grubhub management prepared estimates of certain cost synergies estimated to be potentially realizable by a combined company in connection with the Transaction. Neither Just Eat Takeaway.com nor any officer or director of Just Eat Takeaway.com was involved in the preparation of, or commented on, the estimated cost synergies, and the estimated cost synergies are not necessarily indicative of the benefits of the Transaction expected by Just Eat Takeaway.com. Grubhub management estimated that approximately $50 million of estimated cost synergies could be potentially realizable on an annual basis following Completion, including cost synergies related to employee compensation and benefits, technology, credit card processing and general and administrative costs. The estimated cost synergies were provided to the Grubhub Board in connection with the Grubhub Board’s evaluation of the Transaction. Grubhub management also provided the estimated cost synergies to Evercore for use in connection with its financial analyses described in the section entitled “—Opinion of Grubhub’s Financial Advisor” beginning on page 94 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
The estimated cost synergies assumed that the expected benefits of the Transaction would be realized, including that no restrictions, terms or other conditions would be imposed in connection with the receipt of any necessary governmental, regulatory or other approvals or consents in connection with the consummation of the Transaction. No assurance can be given that the integration process will deliver all or substantially all of the expected benefits of the Transaction. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Business of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group—Each of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group may be unable to integrate successfully or achieve the expected benefits of any prior or future acquisitions, or may be unable to identify and acquire suitable acquisition candidates” beginning on page 47 of this proxy statement/prospectus. In addition, see the section above entitled “—Certain Unaudited Prospective Financial Information Prepared by Grubhub” beginning on page 101 for further information regarding the uncertainties underlying the estimated cost synergies.
Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board and Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board Following the Transaction
Pursuant to Merger Agreement, Just Eat Takeaway.com will take all actions necessary to cause (i) the size of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board to be increased by two Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors, to be selected by Grubhub, to be appointed as members of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board upon the first effective time (the “Grubhub Supervisory Board nominees”) and (ii) the size of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board to be increased by one Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Director, selected by Grubhub, to be appointed as a member of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board upon the first effective time (the “Grubhub Management Board nominee”), in each case, subject to applicable law, obtaining the necessary approvals by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders of the nomination of the Grubhub Supervisory Board nominees or the Grubhub Management Board nominee, as applicable, and continued service of the Grubhub Supervisory Board nominees or the Grubhub Management Board nominee, as applicable, as directors on the Grubhub Board immediately prior to Completion and provided that Just Eat Takeaway.com will not be required to take any actions that would result in the resignation of members from, or the appointment of any persons other than the Grubhub Supervisory Board nominees and the Grubhub Management Board nominee to, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board or the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board, as applicable. Grubhub has selected Matthew Maloney to be the Grubhub Management Board nominee and Lloyd Frink and David Fisher to be the Grubhub Supervisory Board nominees. On 7 October 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders adopted the necessary resolutions for the appointment of the Grubhub Supervisory Board nominees to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board and the appointment of the Grubhub Management Board nominee to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board in each case effective upon Completion and for a term until the end of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s annual General Meeting held in 2021. At Just Eat Takeaway’s annual General Meeting for 2021, which is expected to be held on 12 May 2021, it is
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proposed that each of Messrs. Frink and Fisher be re-appointed as members of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s Supervisory Board and that Mr. Maloney be re-appointed as a member of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s Management Board, in each case effective upon Completion and for a term until the end of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s annual General Meeting to be held in 2022.
Directors and Executive Officers of Grubhub Following the Transaction
Upon the first effective time, the directors of Merger Sub I immediately prior to the first effective time will be the directors of the initial surviving company and the officers of Grubhub immediately prior to the first effective time will be the officers of the initial surviving company, in each case until the earlier of their death, resignation or removal in accordance with the applicable certificate of incorporation and bylaws.
Upon the second effective time, the directors of Merger Sub II immediately prior to the first effective time will be the directors of the final surviving company and the officers of the initial surviving company immediately prior to the second effective time will be the officers of the final surviving company, in each case until the earlier of their death, resignation or removal in accordance with the applicable certificate of incorporation and bylaws.
Information concerning the executive officers and the historical compensation paid by Grubhub to its directors and executive officers is contained in Grubhub’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended 31 December 2020, which is incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus. See also “Where You Can Find More Information” beginning on page 320 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Merger Sub I was incorporated on 9 June 2020 and the director of Merger Sub I did not receive compensation for his services as a director of Merger Sub I in 2020. Merger Sub II was incorporated on 9 June 2020 and the director of Merger Sub II did not receive compensation for his services as a director of Merger Sub II in 2020. For information concerning the directors and historical compensation paid by Just Eat Takeaway.com to its directors, see “Information about the Management and Compensation of Just Eat Takeaway.com—Just Eat Takeaway.com’s Remuneration of Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors and Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors” beginning on page 238 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Regulatory Approvals for the Mergers
Completion is conditioned upon the expiration or termination of the applicable waiting period under the HSR Act (the “HSR Condition”), satisfaction of the condition relating to the UK Competition and Markets Authority (“CMA”) (the “CMA Condition”) and receipt of written notification from CFIUS indicating the Transaction is not subject to review or such review has concluded without unresolved national security concerns or, if CFIUS has referred review of the Transaction to the President of the United States, receipt of notice from the President of the United States of their determination not to suspend or prohibit the Transaction or expiration of the applicable waiting period without any determination by the President of the United States.
Efforts to Obtain Regulatory Approvals
In connection with the receipt of governmental consents related to antitrust or CFIUS approval, each party agreed to supply as promptly as reasonably practicable any additional information and documentary material that may be requested pursuant to antitrust law or by CFIUS and to promptly take any and all steps necessary to avoid or eliminate each and every impediment and obtain all consents under any laws that may be required by any governmental authority with competent jurisdiction so as to enable the parties to consummate the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement as promptly as reasonably practicable and in any event prior to the end date (as described in “The Merger AgreementTermination of the Merger Agreement” beginning on page 168 of this proxy statement/prospectus). Additionally, Just Eat Takeaway.com has agreed to promptly take all actions necessary to secure, as soon as practicable, the expiration or termination of any applicable waiting period under antitrust laws and obtain CFIUS approval, and all approvals or expiration of applicable waiting periods under any other applicable law. Just Eat Takeaway.com has also agreed to resolve any objections asserted with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement under any applicable law raised by any government authority that would prevent, prohibit, restrict or delay the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, none of the obligations of the parties shall (1) require any party to the Merger Agreement to take, accept or agree to, (2) permit Grubhub or any of its subsidiaries, without the prior written consent of Just Eat Takeaway.com to take, accept or agree to or (3) require
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Just Eat Takeaway.com to consent to Grubhub or any of its subsidiaries taking, accepting or agreeing to, any restrictions if such restrictions, individually or in the aggregate with all other actions undertaken with respect to the regulatory matters contemplated above, would reasonably be expected to result in a material adverse effect on the business, operations, results of operations, assets, liabilities or condition (financial or otherwise) of Just Eat Takeaway.com and its subsidiaries (including for these purposes Grubhub and its subsidiaries), taken as a whole, following Completion.
Just Eat Takeaway.com will, after consulting with and considering in good faith the views of Grubhub, direct and control all matters in connection with respect to antitrust laws, CFIUS approval or any other applicable law raised by a governmental authority seeking a restraint on the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement.
Additional information about each party’s commitments to take certain specified actions, subject to certain exceptions and limitations, in connection with obtaining regulatory approvals are described under “The Merger Agreement—Efforts to Complete the Transaction” beginning on page 162 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Status of Regulatory Approvals
Pursuant to the requirements of the HSR Act, Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub filed Notification and Report Forms with respect to the Transaction with the FTC and DOJ on 24 June 2020 and requested early termination of the HSR Act waiting period. The FTC granted early termination of the HSR Act waiting period on 7 July 2020, thereby satisfying the HSR Condition.
On 24 June 2020, Just Eat Takeaway.com filed a briefing paper with the CMA. On 2 July 2020, in response to the briefing paper, the CMA indicated that it had no further questions as of such date regarding the Transaction, thereby satisfying the CMA Condition.
On 21 July 2020, Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub filed the joint voluntary notice with CFIUS. Approval from CFIUS was received on 3 September 2020.
As a result of the foregoing, all regulatory approvals required for Completion have been obtained and Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub do not contemplate making any other material governmental filings in relation to the Transaction. It is presently contemplated that if any such additional governmental approvals or actions are later required, those approvals or actions will be sought. There can be no assurance, however, that any additional approvals or actions will be obtained and there can be no assurances as to the absence of any litigation challenging the regulatory approvals received. Subject to certain conditions described below, if the first effective time has not occurred on or before 31 December 2021 or if a legal restraint preventing the Completion becomes final and nonappealable, either Just Eat Takeaway.com or Grubhub may terminate the Merger Agreement. See “The Merger Agreement—Termination of the Merger Agreement” beginning on page 168 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences
The following discussion is a summary of the anticipated material U.S. federal income tax consequences of the Transaction to U.S. holders (as defined below) of Grubhub Shares and the ownership and disposition of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs received by U.S. holders in the Transaction. This discussion is based on the Code, applicable Treasury Regulations, judicial authority and administrative rulings, all as of the date of this proxy statement/prospectus, and all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect, and to differing interpretations. No ruling has been sought from the IRS with respect to any of the U.S. federal income tax consequences described below, and there can be no assurance that the IRS or a court will not take a contrary position.
The U.S. federal income tax consequences of the holding and disposal of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs are the same as the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the holding and disposal of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares. Any reference in this section made to the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs should be deemed to include a reference to the underlying Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares.
This discussion does not purport to be a complete analysis or listing of all potential U.S. federal income tax considerations that may apply to a U.S. holder as a result of the Transaction or as a result of the ownership and disposition of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs received in the Transaction. This discussion does not take into
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account the individual facts and circumstances of any particular U.S. holder that may affect the U.S. federal income tax consequences to the U.S. holder, including specific tax consequences to a U.S. holder under an applicable tax treaty. In addition, this discussion does not address any U.S. state or local or any non-U.S. tax considerations, any U.S. federal estate, gift, generation-skipping or alternative minimum tax considerations, the 3.8% Medicare tax on net investment income, or any U.S. federal tax consequences other than U.S. federal income tax consequences of the Transaction and the ownership and disposition of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs.
This discussion assumes that the U.S. holders of Grubhub Shares hold such shares, and, after the consummation of the Transaction, their New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, as capital assets within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code (generally, property held for investment). This discussion does not address the consequences to U.S. holders subject to special tax rules, such as:
banks, thrifts, mutual funds, financial institutions, underwriters, or insurance companies;
real estate investment trusts and regulated investment companies;
tax-exempt organizations, qualified retirement plans, individual retirement accounts, or other tax-deferred accounts;
U.S. expatriates and former citizens or residents of the United States;
dealers or traders in securities, commodities, or currencies;
grantor trusts;
S corporations;
U.S. holders whose “functional currency” is not the U.S. dollar;
U.S. holders who received Grubhub Shares, or after the Transaction, New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, through the exercise of options or otherwise as compensation or through a tax-qualified retirement plan;
U.S. holders who own (directly, indirectly, or through attribution) 5% or more of the vote or value of all outstanding Grubhub Shares;
U.S. holders who own Grubhub Shares, or, after the Transaction, New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, as part of a straddle, synthetic security, hedge, conversion transaction, or other integrated investment; and
U.S. holders that are required to accelerate the recognition of any item of gross income with respect to Grubhub Shares or, after the Transaction, New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs as a result of such income being recognized on an applicable financial statement.
U.S. holders that are subject to special provisions under the Code, including U.S. holders described immediately above, should consult their tax advisors regarding the tax consequences of the Transaction and the ownership and disposition of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs.
This discussion does not address the tax consequences to you if you will become a “five-percent transferee shareholder” of Just Eat Takeaway.com within the meaning of the applicable Treasury Regulations under Section 367 of the Code. In general, a five-percent transferee shareholder is a person who will own directly, indirectly, or constructively through attribution rules, at least five percent of either the total voting power or total value of all outstanding New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs immediately after the Transaction. If you believe you could become a five-percent transferee shareholder of Just Eat Takeaway.com, you should consult your tax advisor about the special rules and time sensitive tax procedures, including the requirement to file a gain recognition agreement, which might affect your ability to obtain tax-free treatment in the Transaction.
As used in this discussion, a “U.S. holder” means a beneficial owner of Grubhub Shares or, after the Transaction, New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, who is for U.S. federal income tax purposes:
a citizen or resident of the United States;
a corporation or other entity taxable as a corporation created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or any state or political subdivision thereof;
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a trust that (a) is subject to the primary jurisdiction of a court within the United States and the control of one or more U.S. persons with respect to all of its substantial decisions, or (b) has a valid election in effect under applicable Treasury Regulations to be treated as a U.S. person; or
an estate that is subject to U.S. federal income tax on its income, regardless of source.
If a partnership, including for this purpose any entity or arrangement that is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, holds Grubhub Shares or, after the Transaction, New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, the tax treatment of a partner in such partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. A holder that is a partnership and the partners in such partnership should consult their tax advisors about the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the Transaction and the ownership and disposition of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs received in the Transaction.
PLEASE CONSULT YOUR OWN TAX ADVISOR AS TO THE SPECIFIC TAX CONSEQUENCES OF THE TRANSACTION AND THE OWNERSHIP AND DISPOSITION OF NEW JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM ADSS RECEIVED IN THE TRANSACTION, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE APPLICABLE U.S. FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL, AND NON-U.S. TAX CONSEQUENCES TO YOU OF THE TRANSACTION AND THE OWNERSHIP AND DISPOSITION OF NEW JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM ADSS.
U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences of the Transaction to U.S. Holders
Qualification of the Transaction as a “Reorganization”
The following discussion regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the Transaction to U.S. holders assumes that the Transaction will be consummated as described in the Merger Agreement and this proxy statement/prospectus and that, following the consummation of the Transaction, Just Eat Takeaway.com will, and will cause the final surviving company to, comply with certain reporting requirements set forth in the Treasury Regulations under Section 367(a) of the Code.
Grubhub has received an opinion from Kirkland & Ellis LLP to the effect that the Transaction (1) will qualify as a “reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368(a)(1)(A) and Section 368(a)(2)(D) of the Code and (2) will not result in gain being recognized under Section 367(a)(1) of the Code (other than for any Grubhub Stockholder that would be a “five-percent transferee shareholder” (within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.367(a)-3(c)(5)(ii)) of Just Eat Takeaway.com following the Transaction that does not enter into a five-year gain recognition agreement pursuant to Treasury Regulations Section 1.367(a)-8(c)). Such opinion is based upon (i) representations, warranties and covenants provided by Grubhub, Just Eat Takeaway.com and other relevant parties and certain assumptions, and (ii) the assumption that such representations, warranties and covenants continue to be true and accurate as of the effective time of the Transaction. If the Transaction so qualifies, and provided, as described below, that the fair market value of Just Eat Takeaway.com, at the time of the Transaction, equals or exceeds the fair market value of Grubhub, as specially determined for purposes of Section 367(a) of the Code, then the Transaction will have the following U.S. federal income tax consequences to you if you are a U.S. holder:
The exchange of Grubhub Shares for New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs in the Transaction will not result in the recognition of any gain or loss with respect to your Grubhub Shares (except with respect to cash received in lieu of a fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS, as discussed below).
The aggregate tax basis of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs (including any fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS deemed received and redeemed or sold as discussed below) received by you in the Transaction will be the same as the aggregate tax basis of the Grubhub Shares surrendered in exchange therefor.
The holding period for New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs (including a fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS deemed received and redeemed or sold as discussed below) that you receive in the Transaction will include the holding period of the Grubhub Shares you exchanged for such New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs.
Because Just Eat Takeaway.com will not issue any fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs in the Transaction (for avoidance of doubt, other than any fractional shares deemed to be issued and then redeemed or sold), if you exchange Grubhub Shares in the Transaction and would otherwise have
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received a fraction of a New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS, you will receive cash. In such a case, you will be treated as having received a fractional share and having received such cash in redemption of the fractional share. The amount of any capital gain or loss you recognize will equal the amount of cash received with respect to the fractional share less the ratable portion of the tax basis of the Grubhub Shares surrendered that is allocated to the fractional share. Capital gain or loss will generally be long-term capital gain or loss if your holding period in the Grubhub Shares is more than one year on the date of Closing. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations.
If you have differing bases or holding periods in respect of your Grubhub Shares, you must determine the bases and holding periods in the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs received in the Transaction separately for each identifiable block (that is, stock of the same class acquired at the same time for the same price) of Grubhub Shares you exchange.
Consequences if the Transaction Fails to Qualify as a Reorganization
The parties’ obligations to complete the Transaction are not conditioned upon the receipt of an opinion of counsel that the Transaction will qualify as a tax-free reorganization under Section 368(a) of the Code. If the IRS were to successfully challenge the qualification of the Transaction as a tax-free reorganization and if you are a U.S. holder, you would generally be required to recognize gain or loss based on the difference between (a) the fair market value as of Completion, of any New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs received in the Transaction, plus cash received in lieu of a fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS and (b) your tax basis in the Grubhub Shares surrendered in the Transaction, as calculated separately for each block of Grubhub Shares you held. Any gain or loss so recognized would generally be long-term capital gain if you had held Grubhub Shares for more than one year at the time the Transaction is completed, as determined separately for each block of Grubhub Shares you held. Generally, in such event, your tax basis in the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs you received in the Transaction would equal their fair market value as of Completion, and your holding period for the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs would begin on the day after Completion.
Application of Section 367(a) of the Code
Section 367(a)(1) of the Code and the applicable Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder provide that when a U.S. holder exchanges stock in a U.S. corporation for stock in a non-U.S. corporation in a transaction that would otherwise qualify as a tax-free reorganization, the U.S. holder is required to recognize gain, but not loss, realized on such exchange unless certain requirements are met. In this case, the principal requirement is that the fair market value of Just Eat Takeaway.com, at the time of the Transaction, must equal or exceed the fair market value of Grubhub, as specifically determined for purposes of Section 367(a)(1) of the Code (the “substantiality test”). Based on the exchange ratio, and taking certain required adjustments into account with data available as of the date hereof, Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com believe that the substantiality test should be satisfied and that Section 367(a)(1) of the Code should not apply to the Transaction.
If Section 367(a)(1) of the Code were to apply to the Transaction, if you are a U.S. holder you would recognize gain (but not loss) in an amount equal to the excess, if any, of the fair market value as of the date of Completion of any New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs received in the Transaction, plus cash received in lieu of a fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS, over your tax basis in the Grubhub Shares surrendered in the Transaction, as calculated separately for each block of Grubhub Shares you held. Any gain so recognized would generally be long-term capital gain if you had held the Grubhub Shares for more than one year at the time the Transaction is completed, as determined separately for each block of Grubhub Shares you held.
U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders of Holding New Just Eat Takeaway.Com ADSs
Dividends
Subject to the discussion in “—Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences—U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders of Holding New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSsPassive Foreign Investment Company Rules” beginning on page 111 of the accompanying proxy statement/prospectus, if you are a U.S. holder, any cash distribution paid on New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs out of its current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles, will generally be included in the gross income as dividend income (without reduction for any Dutch income taxes withheld from the distribution). Because Just Eat Takeaway.com has historically not kept track of, and Just Eat Takeaway.com does not intend to
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keep track of, its accumulated earnings and profits as determined on the basis of U.S. federal income tax principles, you should expect that any distribution paid will generally be reported as a “dividend” for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Dividends received on New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs by corporate U.S. holders generally will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction under Section 243 of the Code.
Subject to certain holding period requirements and other conditions (and assuming that Just Eat Takeaway.com is not a passive foreign investment company for U.S. federal income tax purposes (a “PFIC”) for the taxable year in which the dividend is paid or the preceding taxable year), dividends paid to certain non-corporate U.S. holders may qualify for preferential rates of taxation if either (a) Just Eat Takeaway.com is eligible for the benefits of the United States-Netherlands Income Tax Treaty or (b) New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs are readily tradable on an established securities market in the U.S. Under applicable IRS authority, stock is considered for this purpose to be readily tradable on an established securities market in the U.S. if the stock is listed on Nasdaq, as the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs are expected to be.
Subject to certain significant conditions and limitations, any Dutch taxes paid on or withheld from distributions from Just Eat Takeaway.com and not refundable to you (if any) may be credited against your U.S. federal income tax liability. For foreign tax credit purposes, the limitation on foreign taxes eligible for credit is calculated separately with respect to specific classes of income. For this purpose, any dividends Just Eat Takeaway.com pays with respect to the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs will generally constitute “passive category income.” Any dividends Just Eat Takeaway.com pays to you will generally constitute non-U.S. source income for foreign tax credit limitation purposes. The rules relating to the determination of the foreign tax credit are complex, and you should consult your advisors regarding the availability of a foreign tax credit in your particular circumstances. See the section entitled “—Material Dutch Tax Consequences—Dutch Tax Consequences of Holding New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs—Withholding Tax” beginning on page 114 of the accompanying proxy statement/prospectus for a discussion of Dutch withholding taxes on distributions.
The amount of any dividend paid or other distribution made in euros will, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, be the U.S. dollar value of the euros distributed by Just Eat Takeaway.com, calculated by reference to the exchange rate on the date the dividend or other distribution is includible in your income, regardless of whether the payment is in fact converted to U.S. dollars on the date of receipt. Generally, you should not recognize any foreign currency gain or loss if the euros are converted into U.S. dollars on the date the payment is received. However, any gain or loss resulting from currency exchange fluctuations during the period from the date you include the dividend payment in income to the date you actually convert the payment into U.S. dollars will be treated as ordinary income or loss. Such currency exchange gain or loss (if any) will generally be income or loss from U.S. sources for foreign tax credit limitation purposes.
Sale or Other Taxable Disposition of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs
Subject to the discussion in “—Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences—U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders of Holding New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSsPassive Foreign Investment Company Rules” beginning on page 111 of the accompanying proxy statement/prospectus, if you are a U.S. holder you will generally recognize capital gain or loss on the sale or other taxable disposition of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs in an amount equal to the difference between (a) the amount of cash plus the fair market value of any property received and (b) your adjusted tax basis in such New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs. Any such capital gain or loss will be long-term capital gain or loss if, at the time of the sale or other disposition, the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs have been held for more than one year. Preferential tax rates apply to long-term capital gains if you are an individual, estate, or trust. There are currently no preferential tax rates for long-term capital gains if you are a corporation. Deductions for capital losses are subject to significant limitations under the Code.
The source of any such gain or loss is generally determined by reference to the residence of the holder, such that it will generally be treated as U.S. source income for foreign tax credit limitation purposes in the case of a sale, exchange, or other taxable disposition by a U.S. holder. You should consult your tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of receiving currency other than U.S. dollars upon the disposition of your New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs.
Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules
In general, a non-U.S. corporation will be a PFIC for any taxable year if (a) 75% or more of its gross income consists of passive income or (b) 50% or more of the average quarterly value of its assets consists of
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assets that produce, or are held for the production of, passive income. Just Eat Takeaway.com believes that it was not a PFIC for its taxable year prior to the Transaction, and Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com do not expect Just Eat Takeaway.com to be a PFIC for its taxable year that includes the Transaction or in the foreseeable future, but the PFIC test must be applied each year, and it is possible that Just Eat Takeaway.com may become a PFIC in a future year. In the event that, contrary to Grubhub’s and Just Eat Takeaway.com’s expectation, Just Eat Takeaway.com is classified as a PFIC for any year during which you hold New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, you would generally be subject to certain adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences, such as ineligibility for any preferred tax rates on capital gains or on actual or deemed dividends, the application of additional taxes equal to interest charges generally applicable to underpayments of tax on certain distributions and sales, and additional reporting requirements under U.S. federal income tax laws.
If you own New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs during any taxable year in which, contrary to Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com’s expectations, Just Eat Takeaway.com is a PFIC, you may be subject to certain reporting obligations with respect to New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, including reporting on IRS Form 8621. A failure to file such form may result in penalties and may suspend the running of the statute of limitations on the tax return.
You are urged to consult your tax advisor concerning the U.S. federal income tax consequences of holding and disposing of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs if Just Eat Takeaway.com becomes classified as a PFIC, including the possibility of making a mark-to-market or other election and the applicability of annual filing requirements.
Information Withholding and Backup Withholding Tax
If you are a U.S. holder, in general, information reporting requirements will apply to dividends or other distribution you receive of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and the proceeds you receive on the disposition of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs effected within the United States (and, in certain cases, outside the United States), in each case, other than if you are an exempt recipient (such as a corporation). Backup withholding (currently at a rate of 24%) may apply to such amounts if you fail to provide an accurate taxpayer identification number (generally on an IRS Form W-9 provided to the exchange agent or your broker) or you are otherwise subject to backup withholding. Backup withholding is not an additional U.S. federal tax. Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding tax rules generally will be allowed as a refund or credit against your U.S. federal income tax liability, if any, provided you furnish required information to the IRS in a timely manner.
Material Dutch Tax Consequences
This section outlines the Dutch tax consequences for Grubhub Stockholders who exchange their Grubhub Shares for New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and the Dutch tax consequences of the holding and disposal of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs following the mergers. It does not present a comprehensive or complete description of all aspects of Dutch tax law which could be relevant to a holder of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs (referred to as an “ADS Holder”). For Dutch tax purposes, an ADS Holder may include an individual or entity not holding the legal title to the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, but to whom, or to which, the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs are, or the income from the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs is, nevertheless attributed based either on this individual or entity owning a beneficial interest in the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs or on specific statutory provisions. These include statutory provisions attributing New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs to an individual who is, or who has directly or indirectly inherited from a person who was, the settlor, grantor or similar originator of a trust, foundation or similar entity that holds the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs.
This section is intended as general information only and Grubhub Stockholders and prospective ADS Holders should consult their own tax adviser regarding the tax consequences of any acquisition, holding or disposal of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs.
This section is based on Dutch tax law as applied and interpreted by Dutch tax courts and as published and in effect on the date of this proxy statement/prospectus, including the tax rates applicable on that date, without prejudice to any amendments introduced at a later date and implemented with or without retroactive effect.
Any reference in this section made to Dutch taxes, Dutch tax or Dutch tax law should be construed as a reference to any taxes of any nature levied by or on behalf of the Netherlands or any of its subdivisions or taxing authorities or to the law governing such taxes, respectively.
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The Dutch tax consequences of the holding and disposal of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs are the same as the Dutch tax consequences of the holding and disposal of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares. Any reference in this section made to the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs should be deemed to include a reference to the underlying Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares.
In this section any reference to EU member states should be construed as not including the United Kingdom.
Any reference made to a treaty for the avoidance of double taxation concluded by the Netherlands includes the Tax Regulation for the Kingdom of the Netherlands (Belastingregeling voor het Koninkrijk), the Tax Regulation for the State of the Netherlands (Belastingregeling voor het land Nederland), the Tax Regulations for the Netherlands and Curacao (Belastingregeling Nederland Curaçao), the Tax Regulations for the Netherlands and St. Maarten (Belastingregeling Nederland Sint Maarten) and the Agreement between the Taipei Representative Office in the Netherlands and the Netherlands Trade and Investment Office in Taipei for the avoidance of double taxation.
This section does not describe any Dutch tax considerations or consequences that may be relevant where a Grubhub Stockholder or ADS Holder:
is an individual and such individual’s income or capital gains derived from the Grubhub Shares or New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs are attributable to employment activities, the income from which is taxable in the Netherlands;
has a substantial interest (aanmerkelijk belang) or a fictitious substantial interest (fictief aanmerkelijk belang) in Grubhub or Just Eat Takeaway.com within the meaning of chapter 4 of the Dutch Income Tax Act 2001 (Wet inkomstenbelasting 2001). Generally, a Grubhub Stockholder or ADS Holder, as applicable, has a substantial interest in Grubhub or Just Eat Takeaway.com if the ADS Holder, alone or – in case of an individual – together with a partner for Dutch tax purposes, or any relative by blood or by marriage in the ascending or descending line (including foster-children) of the Grubhub Stockholder or ADS Holder, owns or holds, or is deemed to own or hold stocks or certain rights to stocks, including rights to directly or indirectly acquire stocks, directly or indirectly representing 5% or more of Grubhub’s or Just Eat Takeaway.com’s issued capital as a whole or of any class of stocks or profit participating certificates (winstbewijzen) relating to 5% or more of the Grubhub’s or Just Eat Takeaway.com’s annual profits or 5% or more of Grubhub’s or Just Eat Takeaway.com’s liquidation proceeds;
is an entity that, although it is in principle subject to Dutch corporate income tax under the Dutch Corporate Income Tax Act 1969 (Wet op de vennootschapsbelasting 1969) (the “CITA”), is not subject to Dutch corporate income tax or is fully or partly exempt from Dutch corporate income tax (such as a qualifying pension fund as described in section 5 CITA and a tax exempt investment fund (vrijgestelde beleggingsinstelling) as described in Section 6a CITA);
is an investment institution (beleggingsinstelling) as described in Section 28 CITA; or
is required to apply the participation exemption (deelnemingsvrijstelling) with respect to the Grubhub Shares or New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs (as defined in Section 13 CITA). Generally, a Grubhub Stockholder and an ADS Holder is required to apply the participation exemption if it is subject to Dutch corporate income tax and it, or a related entity, holds an interest of 5% or more of the nominal paid-up share capital in Grubhub or the Just Eat Takeaway.com (including through New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs).
Dutch Tax Consequences of the Transaction
Withholding Tax
A Grubhub Stockholder will not be subject to Dutch dividend withholding tax with respect to (i) the exchange of Grubhub Shares for New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs pursuant to the mergers and (ii) cash payments in lieu of fractional entitlements to New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs received as part of the mergers.
Any dividends or other distributions declared or made by Just Eat Takeaway.com after the first effective time, with a record date after the first effective time, to Grubhub Stockholders following, and promptly upon, their surrender of their Grubhub Shares in exchange for New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, may be subject to Dutch dividend withholding tax (see “Material Dutch Tax ConsequencesDutch Tax Consequences of Holding New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs—Withholding Tax” beginning on page 114 of this proxy statement/prospectus).
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Taxes on Income and Capital Gains
Generally, a Grubhub Stockholder will not be subject to Dutch taxes on income or capital gains as a result of (i) the exchange of Grubhub Shares for New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs pursuant to the mergers and (ii) any cash payment in lieu of fractional entitlements to New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs received as part of the mergers. This may be different for the following categories of Grubhub Stockholders:
Grubhub Stockholders who are resident or deemed to be resident in the Netherlands for Dutch income tax or Dutch corporate income tax purposes or opted to be (partially) treated as such;
Grubhub Stockholders who derive profits from an enterprise, whether as entrepreneur or by being co-entitled to the net worth of this enterprise other than as an entrepreneur or shareholder and this enterprise is fully or partly carried on through a permanent establishment (vaste inrichting) or a permanent representative (vaste vertegenwoordiger) in the Netherlands, to which the Grubhub Shares are attributable;
individuals who derive benefits from miscellaneous activities (resultaat uit overige werkzaamheden) carried out in the Netherlands in respect of the Grubhub Shares, including, without limitation, activities which are beyond the scope of active portfolio investment activities;
Grubhub Stockholders who are not individuals and who are entitled to a share, other than by way of securities, in the profits of an enterprise or a co-entitlement to the net worth of an enterprise which is effectively managed in the Netherlands and to which enterprise the Grubhub Shares are attributable; or
Grubhub Stockholders who are individuals and who are entitled to a share, other than by way of securities, in the profits of an enterprise that is effectively managed in the Netherlands and to which enterprise the Grubhub Shares are attributable.
Dutch Tax Consequences of Holding New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs
Withholding Tax
An ADS Holder is generally subject to Dutch dividend withholding tax at a rate of 15% on dividends distributed by Just Eat Takeaway.com, including dividends distributed on the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs. Generally, Just Eat Takeaway.com is responsible for the withholding of such dividend withholding tax at source.
Dividends distributed by Just Eat Takeaway.com include, but are not limited to:
distributions of profits in cash or in kind, whatever they be named or in whatever form;
proceeds from the liquidation of Just Eat Takeaway.com or proceeds from the repurchase of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs by Just Eat Takeaway.com, other than as a temporary portfolio investment (tijdelijke belegging), in excess of the average paid-in capital recognized for Dutch dividend withholding tax purposes;
the par value of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs issued to an ADS Holder or an increase in the par value of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, to the extent that no related contribution, recognized for Dutch dividend withholding tax purposes, has been made or will be made; and
partial repayment of paid-in capital, that is
not recognized for Dutch dividend withholding tax purposes, or
recognized for Dutch dividend withholding tax purposes, to the extent that Just Eat Takeaway.com has “net profits” (zuivere winst), unless (a) the General Meeting of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders has resolved in advance to make this repayment, and (b) the par value of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs concerned has been reduced by an equal amount by way of an amendment to the articles of association of Just Eat Takeaway.com. The term “net profits” includes anticipated profits that have yet to be realized.
Subject to certain exceptions under Dutch domestic law, Just Eat Takeaway.com may not be required to transfer to the Dutch tax authorities the full amount of Dutch dividend withholding tax due in respect of dividends distributed by Just Eat Takeaway.com, if Just Eat Takeaway.com has received a profit distribution from a qualifying foreign subsidiary as described in Section 11 of the Dutch Dividend Withholding Tax Act 1965 (Wet op de dividendbelasting
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1965) (the “DWTA”), which distribution (i) is exempt from Dutch corporate income tax and (ii) has been subject to a foreign withholding tax of at least 5%. The amount that does not have to be transferred to the Dutch tax authorities can generally not exceed the lesser of (a) 3% of the dividends distributed by Just Eat Takeaway.com and (b) 3% of the profit distributions Just Eat Takeaway.com received from qualifying foreign subsidiaries in the calendar year in which Just Eat Takeaway.com distributes the dividends (up to the moment of this dividend distribution) and the two previous calendar years; further limitations and conditions apply.
If an ADS Holder is resident or deemed to be resident in the Netherlands, such ADS Holder is generally entitled to a credit for any Dutch dividend withholding tax against such holder’s Dutch tax liability and to a refund of any residual Dutch dividend withholding tax.
Depending on specific circumstances, an ADS Holder resident in a country other than the Netherlands may be entitled to exemptions from, reduction of, or full or partial refund of, Dutch dividend withholding tax under Dutch law, EU law, or treaties for the avoidance of double taxation.
An ADS Holder that is resident (i) in an EU member state, (ii)in a state that is a party to the Agreement on the European Economic Area (“EEA”) (EU member states, Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway) or (iii) in a designated third state with which the Netherlands has agreed to an arrangement for the exchange of information on tax matters, is entitled to a full or partial refund of Dutch dividend withholding tax incurred in respect of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs if the final tax burden in respect of the dividends distributed by Just Eat Takeaway.com of a comparable Dutch resident ADS Holder is lower than the withholding tax incurred by the non-Dutch resident ADS Holder. The refund is granted upon request, and is subject to conditions and limitations. No entitlement to a refund exists if the disadvantage for the non-Dutch resident ADS Holder is entirely compensated in such holder’s state of residence under the provisions of a treaty for the avoidance of double taxation concluded between this state of residence and the Netherlands.
Furthermore, if an ADS Holder:
is an entity which is resident in a member state of the EU, or a state that is a party to the EEA, or is a Qualifying ADS Holder (as defined below);
is not subject to a profit tax levied by that state; and
would not have been subject to Dutch corporate income tax had the ADS Holder been resident in the Netherlands,
this ADS Holder will generally be eligible for a refund of Dutch dividend withholding tax on dividends distributed by Just Eat Takeaway.com.
For purposes of the above, a “Qualifying ADS Holder” is an entity that (i) is resident in a jurisdiction with which the Netherlands can exchange information in line with the international standard on exchange of information and (ii) holds its New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs as a portfolio investment, i.e., its New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs are not held with a view to establish or maintain lasting and direct economic links between the ADS Holder and Just Eat Takeaway.com and the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs do not allow the ADS Holder to participate effectively in the management or control of the Just Eat Takeaway.com.
An ADS Holder who is resident in the United States for purposes of the 1992 treaty for the avoidance of double taxation between the United States and the Netherlands, as amended most recently by the Protocol signed 8 March 2004 (the “Treaty”) (a “US ADS Holder”) and who is entitled to the benefits of the Treaty, will be entitled to an exemption from or a reduction of Dutch dividend withholding tax as follows:
if the US ADS Holder is an exempt pension trust as described in Article 35 of the Treaty or an exempt organization as described in Article 36 of the Treaty, the US ADS Holder is entitled to an exemption from Dutch dividend withholding tax;
if the US ADS Holder is a company that directly holds at least 80% of the voting power in Just Eat Takeaway.com and certain other conditions are met, the US ADS Holder is entitled to an exemption from Dutch dividend withholding tax; and
if the US ADS Holder is a company that directly holds at least 10%, but less than 80% of the voting power in Just Eat Takeaway.com, the US ADS Holder will be entitled to a reduction of Dutch withholding tax to a rate of 5%.
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A US ADS Holder that qualifies for an exemption from, or a reduction of, Dutch dividend withholding tax may generally claim (i) an exemption or reduction at source or (ii) a refund, by making the requisite filings within three years after the end of the calendar year in which the Dutch dividend withholding tax was levied.
According to Dutch domestic anti-dividend stripping rules, no credit against Dutch tax, exemption from, reduction, or refund of Dutch dividend withholding tax will be granted if the recipient of the dividends paid by Just Eat Takeaway.com is not considered to be the beneficial owner (uiteindelijk gerechtigde) of those dividends.
The DWTA provides for a non-exhaustive negative description of a beneficial owner. According to the DWTA, an ADS Holder will not be considered the beneficial owner of the dividends if as a consequence of a combination of transactions:
a person other than the ADS Holder wholly or partly, directly or indirectly, benefits from the dividends;
that other person retains or acquires, directly or indirectly, an interest similar to that in the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs on which the dividends were paid; and
that other person is entitled to a credit, reduction or refund of Dutch dividend withholding tax that is less than that of the ADS Holder.
Taxes on Income and Capital Gains
Residents of the Netherlands
The description of certain Dutch tax consequences in this section is only intended for the following ADS Holders:
individuals who are resident or deemed to be resident in the Netherlands for Dutch income tax purposes (“Dutch Resident Individuals”); and
entities or enterprises that are subject to the CITA and are resident or deemed to be resident in the Netherlands for Dutch corporate income tax purposes (“Dutch Resident Corporate Entities”).
Dutch Resident Individuals Engaged or Deemed to be Engaged in an Enterprise or in Miscellaneous Activities
Dutch Resident Individuals engaged or deemed to be engaged in an enterprise or in miscellaneous activities (resultaat uit overige werkzaamheden) are generally subject to Dutch income tax at statutory progressive rates with a maximum of 49.5% on any benefits derived or deemed to be derived from the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, including any capital gains realized on any disposal of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, where those benefits are attributable to:
an enterprise from which a Dutch Resident Individual derives profits, whether as an entrepreneur (ondernemer) or by being co-entitled (medegerechtigde) to the net worth of this enterprise other than as an entrepreneur or shareholder; or
miscellaneous activities, including activities which are beyond the scope of active portfolio investment activities (meer dan normaal vermogensbeheer).
Dutch Resident Individuals Not Engaged or Deemed to be Engaged in an Enterprise or in Miscellaneous Activities
Generally, the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs held by a Dutch Resident Individual who is not engaged or deemed to be engaged in an enterprise or in miscellaneous activities, or who is so engaged or deemed to be engaged but the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs are not attributable to that enterprise or miscellaneous activities, will be subject to an annual Dutch income tax imposed on a fictitious yield on the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs under the regime for savings and investments (inkomen uit sparen en beleggen). Irrespective of the actual income or capital gains realized, the annual taxable benefit from a Dutch Resident Individual’s assets and liabilities taxed under this regime, including the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, is set at a percentage of the positive balance of the fair market value of these assets, including the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, and the fair market value of these liabilities on 1 January each year. As of 1 January 2021, the percentage increases: (i) from 1.8978% over the first EUR 100,000 of such positive balance; (ii) to 4.5014% over any excess positive balance between EUR 100,000 up to and including EUR 1,000,000; and (iii) to a maximum of 5.6900% over any excess positive balance of EUR 1,000,000 or higher.
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The percentages under (i) to (iii) will be reassessed each year and the amounts under (i) to (iii) will be adjusted for inflation each year. No Dutch taxation occurs if this positive balance does not exceed a certain threshold (heffingvrij vermogen). The fair market value of assets, including the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, and liabilities that are taxed under this regime is measured once in each calendar year on 1 January. The tax rate under the regime for savings and investments is a flat rate of 31% as of 1 January 2021.
Dutch Resident Corporate Entities
Dutch Resident Corporate Entities are generally subject to Dutch corporate income tax at statutory rates up to 25% on any benefits derived or deemed to be derived from the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, including any capital gains realized on their disposal.
Non-Dutch Residents
An ADS Holder other than Dutch Resident Individuals or Dutch Resident Corporate Entities will not be subject to Dutch taxes on income or capital gains derived from the acquisition, ownership and disposal or transfer of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, other than withholding tax as described above, unless:
the ADS Holder derives profits from an enterprise, whether as entrepreneur or by being co-entitled to the net worth of this enterprise other than as an entrepreneur or shareholder and this enterprise is fully or partly carried on through a permanent establishment (vaste inrichting) or a permanent representative (vaste vertegenwoordiger) in the Netherlands, to which the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs are attributable;
the ADS Holder is an individual and derives benefits from miscellaneous activities (resultaat uit overige werkzaamheden) carried out in the Netherlands in respect of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, including, without limitation, activities which are beyond the scope of active portfolio investment activities;
the ADS Holder is not an individual and is entitled to a share, other than by way of securities, in the profits of an enterprise or a co-entitlement to the net worth of an enterprise which is effectively managed in the Netherlands and to which enterprise the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs are attributable; or
the ADS Holder is an individual and is entitled to a share, other than by way of securities, in the profits of an enterprise which is effectively managed in the Netherlands and to which enterprise the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs are attributable.
Under certain specific circumstances, Dutch taxation rights may be restricted for non-Dutch residents ADS Holders pursuant to treaties for the avoidance of double taxation.
Dutch Gift Tax or Inheritance Tax
No Dutch gift tax or inheritance tax is due in respect of any gift of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs by, or inheritance of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs on the death of, an ADS Holder, unless:
the ADS Holder is resident, or is deemed to be resident, in the Netherlands at the time of the gift or death of the ADS Holder;
the ADS Holder dies within 180 days after the date of the gift of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and was, or was deemed to be, resident in the Netherlands at the time of the ADS Holder’s death but not at the time of the gift; or
the gift of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs is made under a condition precedent and the ADS Holder is resident, or is deemed to be resident, in the Netherlands at the time the condition is fulfilled.
For purposes of Dutch gift or inheritance tax, amongst others, a person that holds the Dutch nationality will be deemed to be resident in the Netherlands if such person has been resident in the Netherlands at any time during the ten years preceding the date of the gift or such person’s death. Additionally, for purposes of Dutch gift tax, amongst others, a person not holding the Dutch nationality will be deemed to be resident in the Netherlands if such person has been resident in the Netherlands at any time during the twelve months preceding the date of the gift. Applicable tax treaties may override deemed residency.
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Other Taxes and Duties
No other Dutch taxes, including taxes of a documentary nature, such as capital tax, stamp or registration tax or duty, are payable by, or on behalf of, the ADS Holder by reason only of the Transaction or the acquisition, ownership or disposition of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs.
Residency
An ADS Holder will not become a resident or deemed resident of the Netherlands by reason only of the Transaction or the acquisition, holding, ownership or disposition of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs.
Accounting Treatment
The Transaction will be accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with IFRS 3, Business Combinations (“IFRS 3”). IFRS requires that one of the two companies in the Transaction be designated as the acquirer for accounting purposes based on the evidence available. Just Eat Takeaway.com will be treated as the acquiring entity for accounting purposes. In identifying Just Eat Takeaway.com as the acquiring entity for accounting purposes, Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub took into account (i) the background of the Transaction, (ii) the Merger Agreement, (iii) the anticipated share ownership and voting rights of the Enlarged Group, (iv) the intended corporate governance structure of the Enlarged Group, (v) the designation of certain senior management positions, and (vi) the relative market values, size, and profitability of the combining companies. In assessing the size of each of the companies, Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub management evaluated various metrics, including, but not limited to, revenue, loss before taxation, total assets and market capitalization. No single factor was the sole determinant in the overall conclusion that Just Eat Takeaway.com is the acquirer for accounting purposes; rather, all factors were considered in arriving at such conclusion. Accordingly, Just Eat Takeaway.com will, in accordance with the fair value concepts defined in IFRS 13, Fair Value Measurement (“IFRS 13”), record assets acquired, including identifiable intangible assets, and liabilities assumed from the Grubhub Group at their respective fair values as of the acquisition date, with limited exceptions to this recognition and measurement principle. Any excess of the purchase consideration over the fair value of identifiable net assets acquired is recognized as goodwill.
As of the date of this proxy statement/prospectus, Just Eat Takeaway.com has prepared provisional estimates of fair value for all of the Grubhub Group’s assets to be acquired and liabilities to be assumed. Upon Completion, Just Eat Takeaway.com will conduct a detailed valuation of all assets and liabilities of the Grubhub Group as of the date of Completion, at which point the actual fair values will be determined and may vary materially from provisional estimates.
Exchange of Shares in the Mergers
Just Eat Takeaway.com has appointed the exchange agent to process the payment of the merger consideration, including the exchange of Grubhub Shares for New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, in accordance with the Merger Agreement.
Immediately following the first effective time and prior to the second effective time, and in accordance with the provisions of Section 2:94b of the Dutch Civil Code (Burgerlijk Wetboek), Just Eat Takeaway.com shall cause the exchange agent, solely in its capacity as such, to contribute, for the account and benefit of the former Grubhub Stockholders, all of the issued and outstanding shares of the initial surviving company stock that were issued to the exchange agent for the account and benefit of the former Grubhub Stockholders to Just Eat Takeaway.com as a contribution in kind (inbreng op aandelen anders dan in geld). In consideration of this contribution in kind, at the first effective time and prior to the second effective time, Just Eat Takeaway.com will (i) issue (uitgeven) and deliver (leveren) to the exchange agent for immediate delivery to the depositary bank or its nominee, solely in its capacity as such, a number of New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares equal to the number of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs issuable pursuant to the Transaction and (ii) cause to be issued and delivered to the exchange agent for the account and benefit of the former Grubhub Stockholders (A) receipts representing the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs issuable pursuant to the Merger Agreement and (B) cash in an amount sufficient to make all requisite payments of (x) cash in lieu of fractional shares and (y) dividends or other distributions to which such holders are entitled, in each case without interest (subject to any applicable withholding tax) and in accordance with the Merger Agreement.
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Subject to the treatment of fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs as described below, each Grubhub Share issued and outstanding immediately prior to Completion (other than any Grubhub Shares owned by Grubhub, Just Eat Takeaway.com, Merger Sub I, Merger Sub II or any other direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Just Eat Takeaway.com) automatically will be converted into the right to receive the merger consideration without the need for any action by the holder of such Grubhub Share.
As soon as practicable after the first effective time (and in no event later than five (5) Business Days after the first effective time), Just Eat Takeaway.com will cause the exchange agent to mail to each Grubhub Stockholder as of the Grubhub record date: (i) a letter of transmittal specifying that delivery will be effected, and risk of loss and title to any certificates representing Grubhub Shares shall pass, only upon delivery of such certificates or affidavits of loss in lieu of such certificates to the exchange agent and (ii) instructions explaining the procedure for surrendering Grubhub stock certificates (or affidavits of loss in lieu of such certificates), if any, or book-entry shares in exchange for the merger consideration. Upon surrender of a Grubhub stock certificate (or affidavit of loss in lieu of such certificate) or receipt of an “agent’s message” by the exchange agent in the case of book-entry shares to the exchange agent in accordance with the terms of the letter of transmittal duly executed, the holder of a Grubhub Share which was converted into the merger consideration will be entitled to receive, subject to any required withholding taxes, the merger consideration, together with (x) cash in lieu of any fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs to which such holder is entitled and (y) any dividends or other distributions to which such holder is entitled, in each case without interest (subject to any applicable withholding tax), for each Grubhub Share surrendered, and any certificates representing Grubhub Shares surrendered will be cancelled. Unless requested otherwise by Grubhub, the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs to be delivered as merger consideration will be eligible for settlement through The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) and issued in uncertificated book-entry form through the procedures of DTC unless a physical New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS is requested or otherwise required by applicable law.
Grubhub Stockholders will be entitled to receive all dividends or other distributions declared or made by Just Eat Takeaway.com after the first effective time, with a record date after the first effective time. However, no dividends or other distributions will be paid to the holder of any unsurrendered Grubhub Share until the holder of such Grubhub Share surrenders such share. Following the surrender of such share, the holder of whole New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs issued in exchange will be paid without interest (subject to any applicable law or withholding tax), (1) promptly, the amount of any dividends or other distributions with a record date after the first effective time and paid with respect to such whole New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS and (2) at the appropriate payment date, the amount of dividends or other distributions, with a record date after the first effective time but prior to surrender and a payment date occurring after surrender, payable with respect to such whole New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS.
Upon Just Eat Takeaway.com’s reasonable determination Just Eat Takeaway.com may, or upon Grubhub’s reasonable request to the extent reasonably practicable Just Eat Takeaway.com will, permit (but not obligate) Grubhub Stockholders to elect to receive a number of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares (or Just Eat Takeaway.com CDIs) equal to the exchange ratio for each outstanding Grubhub Share in lieu of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs issuable as the merger consideration. As of the date of this proxy statement/prospectus, neither Just Eat Takeaway.com nor Grubhub intends to make such election available to Grubhub Stockholders.
Just Eat Takeaway.com and the exchange agent are entitled to deduct and withhold any applicable taxes from any merger consideration that would otherwise be payable pursuant to the Merger Agreement.
After the first effective time, Grubhub will not register any transfers of Grubhub Shares.
Treatment of Grubhub Equity Awards
In connection with the Transaction, each option that represents the right to acquire Grubhub Shares (each, a “Grubhub option”) that is outstanding immediately prior to the first effective time, whether or not then vested or exercisable, will, at the first effective time, be converted into an option to acquire Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs (each, an “assumed option”). The number of Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs underlying each assumed option will equal the product of (i) the number of Grubhub Shares subject to such Grubhub option as of immediately prior to the first effective time and (ii) the exchange ratio divided by the ADS ratio, rounded down to the nearest number of whole Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs. The exercise price per share of each assumed option will be
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equal to (x) the exercise price per share of the corresponding Grubhub option divided by (y) the exchange ratio divided by the ADS ratio, rounded up to the nearest whole cent. Each assumed option will otherwise be subject to the other terms and conditions that applied to the corresponding Grubhub option immediately prior to the first effective time.
In addition, each restricted stock unit award with respect to Grubhub Shares (each, a “Grubhub RSU”) that is outstanding immediately prior to the first effective time will, at the first effective time, be converted into a restricted stock unit with respect to a number of Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs (each, an “assumed RSU”) equal to the product of (i) the number of Grubhub Shares subject to such Grubhub RSU immediately prior to the first effective time and (ii) the exchange ratio divided by the ADS ratio, rounded to the nearest number of whole Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs. Each assumed RSU will otherwise be subject to the other terms and conditions that applied to the corresponding Grubhub RSU immediately prior to the first effective time.
Just Eat Takeaway.com may substitute Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares for Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs as the security underlying the assumed options or assumed RSUs. In such case, the number of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying such assumed options or assumed RSUs will equal the product of (i) the number of Grubhub Shares subject to such Grubhub option or Gruhhub RSU as of immediately prior to the first effective time and (ii) the exchange ratio, rounded down to the nearest number of whole Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares in the case of assumed options or rounded to the nearest number of whole Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares in the case of assumed RSUs, and the exercise price per share of each assumed option will be equal to (x) the exercise price per share of the corresponding Grubhub option divided by (y) the exchange ratio, rounded up to the nearest whole cent. Upon the exercise of an assumed option or settlement of an assumed RSU, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying such assumed options or assumed RSUs, as applicable, may be deposited in Stichting Administratiekantoor Takeaway.com (the “STAK”). The STAK will hold such Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares on behalf of the former holder of the assumed option or assumed RSU, as applicable, and will exercise all voting rights with respect to such Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares. The former holder will receive one STAK depository receipt, for each deposited Just Eat Takeaway.com Share. Each STAK depository receipt will entitle the holder thereof to all economic benefits of the underlying Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and, subject to any blackout or restrictions under applicable law, entitle such holder to direct the STAK to sell the underlying Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and transfer the proceeds to such holder. If Just Eat Takeaway.com does not elect to deposit the underlying Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares into the STAK, such awards will be settled in Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares. The determination of whether to settle the assumed awards in Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or STAK depository receipts will be made by Just Eat Takeaway.com in its sole discretion, provided that Just Eat Takeaway.com acts reasonably in making such determination. As of the date of this proxy statement/prospectus, Just Eat Takeaway.com intends on settling Grubhub assumed awards in STAK depository receipts.
Interests of Grubhub’s Directors and Executive Officers in the Transaction
In considering the recommendation of the Grubhub Board with respect to the Merger Agreement and the Transaction, you should be aware that Grubhub’s directors and executive officers have economic interests in the Transaction that are different from, or in addition to, those of Grubhub Stockholders generally. These interests may create potential conflicts of interest. The Grubhub Board was aware of and considered these interests, among other matters, in evaluating and negotiating the Merger Agreement and the Transaction, and in reaching both its determination that the Transaction is in the best interests of Grubhub and the Grubhub Stockholders, and its decision to approve and declare advisable the Merger Agreement and the Transaction. These material interests are summarized below:
the receipt of payments and benefits by executive officers under certain employment arrangements upon a termination by Grubhub without “cause” or by the executive officer for “good reason (each term, for purposes of this section, as defined under “—Treatment of Grubhub Equity Awards—Potential Payments in Connection with the Transaction—Executive Severance Plan” beginning on page 122 of this proxy statement/prospectus) in connection with or following the Transaction;
the accelerated vesting of certain Grubhub equity awards upon a termination by Grubhub without “cause” or by the executive officer for “good reason” in connection with or following the Transaction;
continued indemnification rights in favor of directors and officers of Grubhub; and
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Just Eat Takeaway.com’s agreement to (i) nominate Messrs. Fisher and Frink for appointment to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board, (ii) nominate Mr. Maloney for appointment to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and (iii) propose the approval of a supplement to Just Eat Takeaway.com’s remuneration policy for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board intended to enable Just Eat Takeaway.com to provide Mr. Maloney with a remuneration package generally consistent with his remuneration as chief executive officer of Grubhub (though this supplement was not adopted by Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders at the Extraordinary General Meeting held on 7 October 2020; obtaining such approval is not a condition to Completion and, therefore, the failure to approve the supplement does not affect if and when Completion occurs).
Treatment of Grubhub Outstanding Equity Awards for Grubhub’s Directors and Executive Officers
Equity awards held by Grubhub’s directors and executive officers that are outstanding immediately prior to the first effective time will generally be subject to the following treatment as of the first effective time in accordance with the Merger Agreement:
Each Grubhub option, whether or not then vested or exercisable, will be converted into an assumed option with respect to the number of Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs that is equal to the product of (i) the number of Grubhub Shares subject to such Grubhub option as of immediately prior to the first effective time and (ii) the exchange ratio divided by the ADS ratio, rounded down to the nearest number of whole Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs. The exercise price per share of each assumed option will be equal to (x) the exercise price per share of the corresponding Grubhub option divided by (y) the exchange ratio divided by the ADS ratio, rounded up to the nearest whole cent. Following the first effective time, each assumed option will be subject to the other terms and conditions that applied to the corresponding Grubhub option immediately prior to the first effective time. Just Eat Takeaway.com may, in its sole discretion, provided it is acting reasonably, substitute Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares for Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs as the security underlying the assumed options. In such case, the number of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying such assumed options will equal the product of (i) the number of Grubhub Shares subject to such Grubhub option as of immediately prior to the first effective time and (ii) the exchange ratio, rounded down to the nearest number of whole Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, and the exercise price per share of each assumed option will be equal to (A) the exercise price per share of the corresponding Grubhub option divided by (B) the exchange ratio, rounded up to the nearest whole cent.
Each Grubhub RSU will be converted into an assumed RSU with respect to a number of Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs equal to the product of (i) the number of Grubhub Shares subject to such Grubhub RSU immediately prior to the first effective time and (ii) the exchange ratio divided by the ADS ratio, rounded to the nearest number of whole Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs. Following the first effective time, each assumed RSU will be subject to the other terms and conditions that applied to the corresponding Grubhub RSU immediately prior to the first effective time. Just Eat Takeaway.com may, in its sole discretion, provided it is acting reasonably, substitute Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares for Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs as the security underlying the assumed RSUs. In such case, the number of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying such assumed RSUs will equal the product of (i) the number of Grubhub Shares subject to such Gruhhub RSU as of immediately prior to the first effective time and (ii) the exchange ratio, rounded to the nearest number of whole Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares.
Assumed options and assumed RSUs held by Grubhub’s executive officers will otherwise remain subject to accelerated vesting upon the occurrence of an involuntary termination of service or employment without “cause” or by the holder for “good reason” (each as defined in the Grubhub Executive Severance Plan, as described below) if such termination occurs during the period beginning 45 days prior to and ending 12 months after a change in control, which includes the Transaction.
Outstanding Equity Awards for Grubhub’s Directors and Executive Officers
The amounts described in the table below represent the expected value of the equity awards held by Grubhub’s directors and executive officers. The amounts below have been calculated assuming that (i) as required under SEC rules, the closing share price of a Grubhub Share on Completion is $62.19 (the “estimated closing value”), which is equal to the average closing price of a Grubhub Share over the first five business days
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following the first public announcement of the entry into the Merger Agreement and (ii) the Completion date is 1 May 2021, which is the assumed date of Completion solely for purposes of this compensation-related disclosure. The table below takes into account any vesting between the date of this proxy statement/prospectus and the close of business on the Completion date, but does not (1) attempt to forecast any grants, additional issuances, dividends or forfeitures of equity-based awards following the date of this proxy statement/prospectus or (2) include any outstanding Grubhub options that have an exercise price at or above $62.19. Depending on when Completion occurs, certain equity-based awards shown in the table below may vest in accordance with their terms and Grubhub may grant additional equity-based awards in accordance with the Merger Agreement.
Each Grubhub RSU and Grubhub option held by Grubhub’s executive officers will (i) at the first effective time, be converted into an assumed RSU or assumed option, as applicable, and remain subject to all terms and conditions applicable to corresponding awards and (ii) immediately become fully vested upon a termination by Just Eat Takeaway.com without cause or by the executive for good reason (a “qualifying termination”) that occurs during a period ending 12 months after Completion. In addition, outstanding Grubhub options held by Grubhub’s executive officers will also be subject to a one-year post termination exercise period following a qualifying termination.
Name
Number of
Shares Subject to
Unvested In-the-
Money Options(1)
Estimated Value
of Unvested In-
the-Money
Options(2)
Number of
Shares Subject to
Unvested RSUs
Estimated Value
of Unvested
RSUs(3)
Named Executive Officers
 
 
 
 
Matthew Maloney
135,056
$1,570,701
173,775
$10,807,067
Adam DeWitt
 
 
155,169
$9,649,960
Samuel Hall
65,841
$4,094,652
Margo Drucker
 
 
50,158
$3,119,326
Maria Belousova(4)
Brandt Kucharski
18,849
$1,172,219
 
 
 
 
 
Other Executive Officers as a Group(5)
Non-Employee Directors
 
 
 
 
David Habiger
1,242
$5,912
540
$33,583
Brian McAndrews
1,242
$5,912
540
$33,583
Keith Richman
1,242
$5,912
540
$33,583
Linda Johnson Rice
1,242
$5,912
540
$33,583
Katrina Lake
1,242
$5,912
540
$33,583
Girish Lakshman
1,242
$5,912
540
$33,583
Lloyd Frink
1,242
$5,912
540
$33,583
David Fisher
1,242
$5,912
540
$33,583
(1)
The executive officers also hold the following unvested Grubhub options with an exercise price at or above $62.19: (i) Mr. Maloney, 72,072; (ii) Mr. DeWitt, 48,117; (iii) Mr. Hall, 13,866; and (iv) Ms. Drucker, 15,445.
(2)
The estimated value of the unvested Grubhub options with an exercise price below $62.19 is equal to the product of (i) (A) the estimated closing value minus (B) the applicable per share exercise price of each applicable Grubhub option and (ii) the number of shares underlying each applicable Grubhub option.
(3)
The estimated value of the unvested Grubhub RSUs is equal to the product of (i) the estimated closing value and (ii) the number of shares underlying each Grubhub RSU.
(4)
Ms. Belousova ceased serving as Grubhub’s chief technology officer on 1 May 2020. Ms. Belousova currently does not, and is not expected to, hold any Grubhub Options or Grubhub RSUs as of the assumed Completion date.
(5)
Grubhub does not have any executive officers who are not named executive officers.
Potential Payments in Connection with the Transaction
Executive Severance Plan
The Grubhub Inc. Executive Severance Plan (the “Executive Severance Plan”) and the Grubhub Inc. Employee Severance Plan (the “Employee Severance Plan”) provide general severance rights to Grubhub’s chief executive officer and other executive officers upon a termination of employment by Grubhub without “cause” or by the executive for “good reason.” General severance benefits consist of the following: (i) for each of our
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named executive officers other than Mr. Kucharski, cash severance equal to 1.0x base salary and subsidized COBRA continuation for 12 months; and (ii) for Mr. Kucharski, two weeks of his current base salary for each year of service with Grubhub (up to a maximum of 26 weeks), along with subsidized COBRA continuation over the same period. The Executive Severance Plan also provides the following enhanced severance benefits to each of the named executive officers if a qualifying termination occurs during the period beginning 45 days prior to and ending 12 months after the closing of a change in control (which includes the Transaction):
cash severance equal to (i) 1.5x the sum of base salary and target bonus for Grubhub’s chief executive officer; (ii) 1.0x the sum of base salary and target bonus for Grubhub’s named executive officers, other than the chief executive officer and Mr. Kucharski; and (iii), and 0.5x the sum of base salary and target bonus for Mr. Kucharski;
subsidized COBRA continuation for (i) 18 months for the chief executive officer; (ii) 12 months for Grubhub’s named executive officers other than the chief executive officer and Mr. Kucharski; and (iii) 6 months for Mr. Kucharski;
target annual bonus for the year of termination prorated to reflect the number of days that the executive officer was employed during the year of termination of employment;
accelerated vesting of outstanding equity awards; and
up to one-year post termination exercise period for any stock options.
Benefits under the Executive Severance Plan and Employee Severance Plan, as applicable, are contingent on each executive officer’s execution and non-revocation of a release of claims in favor of Grubhub. The Executive Severance Plan contains a best-net cutback provision whereby any severance payable in connection with a change in control that would be subject to an excise tax under Section 4999 of the Code as an excess parachute payment under Section 280G of the Code will either be (x) reduced to the amount necessary to prevent the imposition of an excise tax or (y) paid in full, whichever amount is greater after giving effect to the excise tax and other applicable taxes.
Under the Executive Severance Plan, “cause” has the definition set forth in an executive officer’s employment agreement. If no such agreement exists or such agreement does not contain a definition of “cause,” or in the case of the Employee Severance Plan, “cause” will include, but not be limited to: (a) the executive officer’s unauthorized use or disclosure of confidential information or trade secrets of Grubhub or an affiliate or any material breach of a written agreement between the executive officer and Grubhub, including without limitation a material breach of any employment, confidentiality, non-compete, non-solicit or similar agreement; (b) the executive officer’s commission of, indictment for or the entry of a plea of guilty or nolo contendere by the executive officer to, a felony under the laws of the United States or any state thereof or any crime involving dishonesty or moral turpitude (or any similar crime in any jurisdiction outside of the United States); (c) the executive officer’s gross negligence or willful misconduct; (d) the executive officer’s willful or repeated failure or refusal to substantially perform assigned duties; (e) any act of fraud, embezzlement, material misappropriation or dishonesty committed by the executive officer against Grubhub or any affiliate; (f) any acts, omissions or statements by the executive officer which Grubhub reasonably determines to be materially detrimental or damaging to the reputation, operations, prospects or business relations of Grubhub; or (g) the executive officer’s material violation of Grubhub’s written policies or codes of conduct, including written policies related to discrimination, harassment, performance of illegal or unethical activities, and ethical misconduct.
Under the Executive Severance Plan, “good reason” means that an executive officer has complied with the good reason process (as defined in the Executive Severance Plan) following the occurrence of any one of the following events without the consent of such executive officer: (a) a diminution in the executive officer’s base salary or target annual and long-term incentive opportunity of greater than 10% (in all cases, other than in connection with a diminution in base salary that is proportionately applied to all senior executives of Grubhub); (b) a change in the geographic location at which the executive officer provides services to Grubhub by more than 50 miles (provided that moving Grubhub’s corporate headquarters shall not constitute a change in geographic location, so long as the participant continues to be able to provide services to Grubhub from a location not more than 50 miles from Chicago or New York, as applicable); or (c) a material diminution of the executive officer’s title, duties, authorities, responsibilities or reporting relationship.
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The Transaction will constitute a “change in control” under the Executive Severance Plan. For the quantification of the value of the severance benefits described above that would be payable to Grubhub’s named executive officers upon a qualifying termination in connection with the Transaction, see the section entitled “—Treatment of Grubhub Equity AwardsGolden Parachute Compensation” beginning on page 124 of this proxy statement/prospectus below.
New Compensation Arrangements with Just Eat Takeaway.com
Any executive officers and directors who become officers, directors or employees or who otherwise are retained to provide services to Just Eat Takeaway.com or the surviving corporation may enter into new individualized compensation arrangements and may participate in cash or equity incentive or other benefit plans maintained by Just Eat Takeaway.com. As of the date of this proxy statement/prospectus, Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders have approved the appointment of Messrs. Fisher and Frink to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board, and the appointment of Mr. Maloney to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board, in each case effective upon Completion and for a term until the end of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s annual General Meeting held in 2021. At Just Eat Takeaway.com’s annual General Meeting for 2021, which is expected to be held on 12 May 2021, it is proposed that each of Messrs. Frink and Fisher be re-appointed as members of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s Supervisory Board and that Mr. Maloney be re-appointed as a member of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s Management Board, in each case effective upon Completion and for a term until the end of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s annual General Meeting held in 2022. In addition, Mr. Maloney is expected to lead the Enlarged Group’s combined businesses across North America, including Canada, after the Transaction. The compensation terms associated with such roles have not yet been finalized as of the date of this proxy statement/prospectus. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board proposed the approval of a supplement to Just Eat Takeaway.com’s remuneration policy for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board intended to enable Just Eat Takeaway.com to provide Mr. Maloney with a remuneration package up to a level consistent with his current remuneration as chief executive officer of Grubhub and the local reference market in the United States, including: (i) a base salary for 2021 of up to $745,500; (ii) an opportunity to participate in broad-based health, welfare, vacation and fringe benefit plans offered to employees in the United States generally; (iii) an opportunity to participate in a defined contribution retirement plan whereby Just Eat Takeaway.com matches a portion of Mr. Maloney’s contributions towards that plan; (iv) short-term incentives consistent with the terms set forth in the existing remuneration policy for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board; (v) an opportunity to participate, at a maximum per annum value of 1010% of annual base salary, in a new long-term incentive plan to be adopted by Just Eat Takeaway.com; and (vi) termination and severance terms reflective of Mr. Maloney’s current engagement with Grubhub. The supplement to Just Eat Takeaway.com’s remuneration policy described in the immediately foregoing sentence was not approved by Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders at the Extraordinary General Meeting held on 7 October 2020.
Golden Parachute Compensation
This section sets forth the information required by Item 402(t) of Regulation S-K regarding the compensation for each of Grubhub’s named executive officers that is based on or otherwise relates to the Transaction, which is referred to as “golden parachute” compensation by the applicable SEC disclosure rules.
The amounts set forth in the table below are estimates based on multiple assumptions that may or may not actually occur, including assumptions described in this proxy statement/prospectus and in the footnotes to the table. As a result, the actual amounts, if any, that a named executive officer will receive may materially differ from the amounts set forth in the table. The calculations in the table below do not include amounts Grubhub’s named executive officers were already entitled to receive or vested in as of the date of this proxy statement/prospectus or amounts under contracts, agreements, plans or arrangements to the extent they do not discriminate in scope, terms or operation in favor of executive officers and that are available generally to all the salaried employees of Grubhub.
The table below assumes that (1) Completion will occur on 1 May 2021, which is the assumed date of Completion solely for purposes of this compensation-related disclosure, (2) the employment of the named executive officer will be terminated on such date in a manner entitling the named executive officer to receive severance benefits under the terms of the Executive Severance Plan, (3) the named executive officer’s base salary and target bonus remain unchanged from those in place as of the date of this proxy statement/prospectus, (4) Grubhub options and Grubhub RSUs outstanding as of the date of this proxy statement/prospectus continue to
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vest in the ordinary course through the close of business on 1 May 2021, (5) for purposes of valuing the Grubhub options and Grubhub RSUs, the value of a Grubhub Share is equal to the estimated closing value, (6) no named executive officer receives any additional equity grants and (7) each named executive officer has properly executed any required releases and complied with all requirements (including any applicable restrictive covenants) necessary in order to receive the benefits. For a narrative description of the terms and conditions applicable to the benefits quantified in the table below, see the sections entitled “—Treatment of Grubhub Equity Awards—Treatment of Grubhub Outstanding Equity Awards for Grubhub’s Directors and Executive Officers” and “—Treatment of Grubhub Equity Awards—Potential Payments in Connection with the Transaction—Executive Severance Plan” beginning on pages 121 and 122, respectively, of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Potential Change in Control Payments to Grubhub’s Named Executive Officers
Name
Cash
($)(1)
Equity
($)(2)
Perquisites/
Benefits
($)(3)
Total
($)
Matthew Maloney
$1,781,901
$12,377,769
$31,854
$14,191,524
Adam DeWitt
$813,941
$9,649,960
$21,236
$10,485,137
Samuel Hall
$562,601
$4,094,652
$21,236
$4,678,489
Margo Drucker
$675,787
$3,119,326
$21,236
$3,816,349
Maria Belousova(4)
Brandt Kucharski
$200,277
$1,172,219
$10,618
$1,383,114
(1)
Amounts shown reflect the cash severance payments pursuant to the Executive Severance Plan as described in detail above. The cash severance amounts included in this column are considered to be “double-trigger” payments, which means that both a change in control, such as the Transaction, and a qualifying termination of employment must occur, prior to any payment being provided to the named executive officer. The amounts described above include the components described in the table below.
Name
Severance
Prorated
Annual
Bonus
Total Cash
($)
Matthew Maloney
$1,660,500
$121,401
$1,781,901
Adam DeWitt
$733,500
$80,441
$813,941
Samuel Hall
$507,000
$55,601
$562,601
Margo Drucker
$609,000
$66,787
$675,787
Maria Belousova(4)
Brandt Kucharski
$173,875
$26,402
$200,277
(2)
Amounts shown reflect the value provided in respect of unvested Grubhub options and Grubhub RSUs as more fully described above under the section entitled “—Treatment of Grubhub Equity AwardsTreatment of Grubhub Outstanding Equity Awards for Grubhub’s Directors and Executive Officers” beginning on page 121 of this proxy statement/prospectus. The amounts in this column are considered to be “double-trigger” which means that both a change in control, such as the Transaction, and a qualifying termination of employment must occur, prior to any payment being provided to the named executive officer. In addition to the acceleration of unvested Grubhub options, any Grubhub options vested as of termination (whether previously vested or accelerated pursuant to the Executive Severance Plan) will be subject to an extended post-termination exercise period of one year (rather than 90 days) from the date of termination (or, if earlier, the expiration of the original option term). The amounts described above include the components described in the table below.
Name
Value of
Unvested
Grubhub
Options
Value of
Unvested
Grubhub
RSUs
Total Equity
($)
Matthew Maloney
$1,570,701
$10,807,067
$12,377,769
Adam DeWitt
$9,649,960
$9,649,960
Samuel Hall
$4,094,652
$4,094,652
Margo Drucker
$3,119,326
$3,119,326
Maria Belousova(4)
Brandt Kucharski
$1,172,219
$1,172,219
(3)
Amounts shown assume the cost of continued benefits for an 18-month period for Mr. Maloney and 12-month period for the other named executive officers. The amounts in this column are considered to be “double-trigger” which means that both a change in control, such as the Transaction, and a qualifying termination of employment must occur, prior to any benefit being provided to the named executive officer.
(4)
Ms. Belousova ceased serving as Grubhub’s chief technology officer on 1 May 2020. Ms. Belousova will not receive any additional compensation in connection with the Transaction.
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Dividends and Share Repurchases
In accordance with its strategic plans, Just Eat Takeaway.com has retained earnings for growth and development of the business and therefore no dividends have been paid and no share repurchases have occurred since the initial public offering of Just Eat Takeaway.com in September 2016 and Just Eat Takeaway.com does not anticipate paying ordinary dividends in the foreseeable future. Furthermore, pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, and subject to certain limited exceptions, Just Eat Takeaway.com may not establish a record date for, declare, authorize, set aside for payment or pay any dividend on, or make any other distribution in respect of, any shares of its capital stock or other equity or voting interests, and Just Eat Takeaway.com may not repurchase Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, in each case until the first effective time.
Grubhub’s historical dividend payments have been zero to date (excluding the preferred stock tax distributions made by Seamless Holdings Corporation prior to 2015) and Grubhub does not expect to pay any dividends in the foreseeable future. Furthermore, pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, and subject to certain limited exceptions, Grubhub may not establish a record date for, declare, authorize, set aside for payment or pay any dividend on, or make any other distribution in respect of, any shares of its capital stock or other equity or voting interests, in each case until the first effective time. On 22 January 2016, the Grubhub Board approved a program that authorizes the repurchase of up to $100 million of Grubhub Shares exclusive of any fees, commissions or other expenses relating to such repurchases through open market purchases or privately negotiated transactions at the prevailing market price at the time of purchase. The repurchase program was announced on 25 January 2016 (the “Grubhub Repurchase Program”). Repurchased stock may be retired or held as treasury shares. The repurchase authorizations do not obligate Grubhub to acquire any particular amount of Grubhub Shares or adopt any particular method of repurchase and may be modified, suspended or terminated at any time at management’s discretion. However, pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, and subject to certain limited exceptions, Grubhub may not repurchase Grubhub Shares until the first effective time. Grubhub did not repurchase any Grubhub Shares during the year ended 31 December 2020 pursuant to the Grubhub Repurchase Program, and does not expect to repurchase any Grubhub Shares in connection with the Grubhub Repurchase Program prior to the consummation of the Transaction or earlier termination of the Merger Agreement.
Listing of New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, Listing of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and Delisting and Deregistration of Grubhub Shares
Under the terms of the Merger Agreement, Just Eat Takeaway.com is required to cause (1) the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs issuable as the merger consideration to be approved for listing on the NYSE or Nasdaq, subject to official notice of issuance, and (2) the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares to be approved for admission to (a) listing on the UK Official List and to trading on the London Stock Exchange’s main market for listed securities and (b) listing and trading on Euronext Amsterdam, in each case to the extent any Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares are then listed on such exchange. Accordingly, applications will be made to the FCA and the London Stock Exchange for the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares to be admitted to listing on the UK Official List and to trading on the London Stock Exchange’s main market for listed securities, respectively, and to Euronext Amsterdam for the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares to be admitted to listing and trading on Euronext Amsterdam, in each case to the extent any Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares are then listed on such exchange. In connection with the Transaction, Just Eat Takeaway.com will also apply to list the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs on Nasdaq.
As a result of the registration of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares with the SEC pursuant to the registration statement of which this proxy statement/prospectus forms a part, Just Eat Takeaway.com will become subject to the periodic reporting requirements under the Exchange Act.
If the Transaction is completed, there will no longer be any publicly held Grubhub Shares. Accordingly, the Grubhub Shares will be delisted from the NYSE and will be deregistered under the Exchange Act as soon as practicable following Completion, and Grubhub will no longer be required to file periodic reports with the SEC in respect of Grubhub Shares.
Periodic Reporting under United States Securities Laws
Under the Exchange Act, for so long as Just Eat Takeaway.com continues to qualify as a foreign private issuer, Just Eat Takeaway.com will be required to publicly file with the SEC an annual report on Form 20-F within four months of the end of the financial year covered by the report. As a foreign private issuer, Just Eat
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Takeaway.com will also be required to publicly furnish to the SEC current reports on Form 6-K promptly after the occurrence of specified significant events, including material information that it makes or is required to make public pursuant to Dutch law, files or is required to file with any stock exchange on which Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares trade and which was made public by that exchange, or is otherwise distributed or required to be distributed to Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders. As a foreign private issuer listed on Nasdaq, Just Eat Takeaway.com will also be required to submit semi-annual financial statements on Form 6-K to the SEC within six months of the end of the relevant second quarter.
If Just Eat Takeaway.com no longer qualified as a foreign private issuer, Just Eat Takeaway.com would be required to publicly file with the SEC an annual report on Form 10-K within 90, 75 or 60 days of the end of the financial year covered by the report, with the time period determined based on Just Eat Takeaway.com’s aggregate worldwide market value, the period of time for which it has been subject to SEC reporting requirements and certain other factors. In addition, Just Eat Takeaway.com would be required to publicly file with the SEC quarterly reports on Form 10-Q within 45 or 40 days (depending on the same factors) of the end of the applicable financial quarter. Just Eat Takeaway.com would also be required to publicly file with the SEC current reports on Form 8-K typically within four business days after the occurrence of specified significant events, and under Regulation FD, Just Eat Takeaway.com would be required to simultaneously or promptly make public disclosure of any material non-public information shared with securities market professionals or Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders who are reasonably likely to trade on the basis of the information. Further, Just Eat Takeaway.com would be subject to certain disclosure and procedural requirements applicable to proxy solicitations under Section 14 of the Exchange Act, and members of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and principal shareholders of Just Eat Takeaway.com would be subject to the disclosure and other requirements of Section 16 of the Exchange Act in respect of their ownership of, and transactions in, Just Eat Takeaway.com securities.
Nasdaq Rules
For so long as the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs will be listed on Nasdaq, Just Eat Takeaway.com will be required to meet certain requirements relating to ongoing communication and disclosure to holders of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, including a requirement to make any annual report filed with the SEC available to shareholders within a reasonable period of time following filing with the SEC by mailing the report to shareholders or by making the report available on or through Just Eat Takeaway.com’s website and to comply with the “prompt disclosure” policy of Nasdaq. Subject to certain exceptions, the rules of Nasdaq permit a foreign private issuer to follow its home country practice with respect to certain matters of corporate governance in lieu of the comparable Nasdaq corporate governance requirements.
Just Eat Takeaway.com intends to follow home country practice in lieu of Nasdaq corporate governance requirements with respect to the following Nasdaq requirements:
Executive Sessions. Just Eat Takeaway.com will not be required to and, in reliance on home country practice, may not, comply with certain Nasdaq rules requiring Just Eat Takeaway.com’s independent directors to meet in regularly scheduled executive sessions at which only independent directors are present. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board is currently composed entirely of independent directors and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board meets without any member of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board present; however, because executive sessions are not a common practice in the Netherlands, Just Eat Takeaway.com currently intends to follow Dutch practice which does not require independent directors of the supervisory board to meet regularly in executive sessions separate from the full supervisory board.
Quorum. Just Eat Takeaway.com will not be required to and, in reliance on home country practice, may not, comply with certain Nasdaq rules requiring Just Eat Takeaway.com’s articles of association to prescribe a general quorum for its general meetings. Just Eat Takeaway.com currently intends to follow Dutch practice which does not require Just Eat Takeaway.com’s articles of association to prescribe a general quorum for its general meetings.
Code of Conduct. Just Eat Takeaway.com will not be required to, and in reliance on home country practice, may not, comply with certain Nasdaq rules requiring Just Eat Takeaway’s “code of conduct” to be as described in the Nasdaq Listing Rules. Just Eat Takeaway.com has adopted both a code of conduct and a whistleblower policy to provide ethical guidelines for employees and executives;
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however, these policies are not explicitly applicable to members of the Supervisory Board as, due to their supervisory function under Dutch corporate law, the members of the Supervisory Board are not considered to form part of the business of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group. To the extent that the principles set forth in the code of conduct are considered relevant to the Supervisory Board, such principles are set forth in the Supervisory Board charter. Just Eat Takeaway.com therefore intends to follow Dutch practice with respect to its code of conduct, which does not require that Just Eat Takeaway.com’s code of conduct directly apply to members of the Supervisory Board.
Foreign private issuers are, however, required to comply with the audit committee independence requirements imposed by Section 10A-3 of the Exchange Act. Just Eat Takeaway.com will be required to disclose any significant ways in which its corporate governance practices differ from those followed by U.S. domestic companies under Nasdaq listing standards in its annual report on Form 20-F filed with the SEC or on its website.
Appraisal Rights
Grubhub Stockholders
In accordance with the DGCL, which governs the Transaction, as well as under the Grubhub certificate of incorporation and Grubhub bylaws, no appraisal rights are available to Grubhub Stockholders in connection with the Transaction.
Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders
Dutch law only provides appraisal rights in the context of a cross-border merger within the European Economic Area: to the extent that the acquiring company in a cross-border merger is organized under the laws of another member state of the European Economic Area, a shareholder of a Dutch company that will disappear in such merger who has voted against the cross-border merger may file a claim with the Dutch company for compensation instead of receiving shares in the share capital of the acquiring company.
No such rights are available to Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders in connection with the Transaction.
Combined Company Headquarters
The headquarters of the combined company following the Transaction will be located in Amsterdam, the Netherlands at Just Eat Takeaway.com’s current headquarters.
Certain Effects of the Mergers
If the Conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement are either satisfied or, to the extent permitted by applicable law, waived (other than those Conditions that by their nature are to be satisfied at Completion, but subject to the satisfaction or waiver of those Conditions at such time), Merger Sub I will be merged with and into Grubhub. As a result of the initial merger, the separate corporate existence of Merger Sub I will cease, and Grubhub will continue as the surviving corporation in the initial merger and will become a wholly owned subsidiary of Just Eat Takeaway.com. Immediately thereafter, the initial surviving company will merge with and into Merger Sub II. As a result of the subsequent merger, the separate corporate existence of the initial surviving company will cease, and Merger Sub II will continue as the surviving company in the subsequent merger and will become a wholly owned subsidiary of Just Eat Takeaway.com.
At the first effective time, (1) each issued and outstanding share of capital stock of Merger Sub I will be converted into and become one validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable share of Grubhub, (2) each Grubhub Share held in treasury or owned by Just Eat Takeaway.com or any of its subsidiaries (including Merger Sub I and Merger Sub II) will be cancelled, retired and cease to exist, and no merger consideration will be delivered in exchange therefor and (3) each issued and outstanding Grubhub Share will cease to be outstanding, be cancelled and cease to exist and will automatically be converted into one share of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the initial surviving company (the “initial surviving company stock”), and each such share of initial surviving company stock will immediately thereafter be automatically exchanged for the right to receive (1) New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs representing 0.6710 Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, plus (2) cash in lieu of fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs (see “The Merger AgreementFractional ADSs” beginning on page 148 of this proxy statement/prospectus), plus (3) any dividends or other distributions to which such holder is entitled pursuant to the Merger Agreement, and otherwise subject to adjustments to prevent dilution in
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accordance with the Merger Agreement. Each New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS will represent one-fifth of one Just Eat Takeaway.com Share. At the second effective time, each share of initial surviving company stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the second effective time will be cancelled and shall cease to exist and no consideration will be paid or payable in respect thereof.
Upon Just Eat Takeaway.com’s reasonable determination Just Eat Takeaway.com may, or upon Grubhub’s reasonable request to the extent reasonably practicable Just Eat Takeaway.com will, permit (but not obligate) Grubhub Stockholders to elect to receive a number of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares (or Just Eat Takeaway.com CDIs) equal to the exchange ratio for each outstanding Grubhub Share in lieu of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs issuable as the merger consideration.
No fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs will be issued in the Transaction, and Grubhub Stockholders will receive cash in lieu of fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs. Following Completion, Grubhub Shares will no longer be publicly traded, and Grubhub Stockholders will cease to have any ownership interest in Grubhub.
In connection with the Transaction, each option that represents the right to acquire Grubhub Shares (each, a “Grubhub option”) that is outstanding immediately prior to the first effective time, whether or not then vested or exercisable, will, at the first effective time, be converted into an option to acquire Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs (each, an “assumed option”). The number of Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs underlying each assumed option will equal the product of (i) the number of Grubhub Shares subject to such Grubhub option as of immediately prior to the first effective time and (ii) the exchange ratio divided by the ADS ratio, rounded down to the nearest number of whole Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs. The exercise price per share of each assumed option will be equal to (x) the exercise price per share of the corresponding Grubhub option divided by (y) the exchange ratio divided by the ADS ratio, rounded up to the nearest whole cent. Each assumed option will otherwise be subject to the other terms and conditions that applied to the corresponding Grubhub option immediately prior to the first effective time.
In addition, each restricted stock unit award with respect to Grubhub Shares (each, a “Grubhub RSU”) that is outstanding immediately prior to the first effective time will, at the first effective time, be converted into a restricted stock unit with respect to a number of Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs (each, an “assumed RSU”) equal to the product of (i) the number of Grubhub Shares subject to such Grubhub RSU immediately prior to the first effective time and (ii) the exchange ratio divided by the ADS ratio, rounded to the nearest number of whole Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs. Each assumed RSU will otherwise be subject to such other terms and conditions that applied to the corresponding Grubhub RSU immediately prior to the first effective time.
Just Eat Takeaway.com may substitute Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares for Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs as the security underlying the assumed options or assumed RSUs. In such case, the number of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying such assumed options or assumed RSUs will equal the product of (i) the number of Grubhub Shares subject to such Grubhub option or Gruhhub RSU as of immediately prior to the first effective time and (ii) the exchange ratio, rounded down to the nearest number of whole Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares in the case of assumed options or rounded to the nearest number of whole Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares in the case of assumed RSUs, and the exercise price per share of each assumed option will be equal to (x) the exercise price per share of the corresponding Grubhub option divided by (y) the exchange ratio, rounded up to the nearest whole cent.
Grubhub Shares are currently registered under the Exchange Act and are listed on the NYSE under the symbol “GRUB.” If the Transaction is completed, there will no longer be any publicly held Grubhub Shares. Accordingly, the Grubhub Shares will no longer be listed on the NYSE. In addition, registration of Grubhub Shares under the Exchange Act will be terminated and Grubhub will no longer file periodic reports with the SEC with respect to Grubhub Shares. Termination of registration of Grubhub Shares under the Exchange Act will reduce the information required to be furnished by Grubhub to Grubhub Stockholders and the SEC, and would make certain provisions of the Exchange Act, such as the short-swing trading provisions of Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act and the requirement of furnishing a proxy statement in connection with shareholders’ meetings pursuant to Section 14(a) of the Exchange Act, no longer applicable to Grubhub. Following Completion, Just Eat Takeaway.com will become subject to the Exchange Act and the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs issued to
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Grubhub Stockholders as the merger consideration will be listed on Nasdaq under the trading symbol “GRUB.” See “—Listing of New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, Listing of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and Delisting and Deregistration of Grubhub Shares” beginning on page 26 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
The Grubhub Board recommends that Grubhub
Stockholders vote “FOR” the Merger Agreement proposal.
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SELECTED HISTORICAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA OF THE
JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM GROUP
The following table presents selected historical consolidated financial data for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, prepared in accordance with IFRS and presented in euro, as of and for the years ended 31 December 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017 and 2016.
The balance sheet data as of 31 December 2020 and 2019 and the income statement data for the years ended 31 December 2020, 2019 and 2018 have been derived from the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-5 of this proxy statement/prospectus. The balance sheet data as of 31 December 2018 has been derived from the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended 31 December 2019, which were prepared in conformity with IFRS as issued by the IASB and were audited in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB, but which are not included or incorporated by reference in this proxy statement/prospectus. The balance sheet data as of 31 December 2017 and 2016 and the income statement data for the years ended 31 December 2017 and 2016 are derived from the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s unaudited consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended 31 December 2018, 2017 and 2016, which have been prepared in conformity with IFRS as endorsed by the EU and which are not included or incorporated by reference in this proxy statement/prospectus. Historical results are not necessarily indicative of any results to be expected in the future. For more information, see the section entitled “About this Proxy Statement/Prospectus—Presentation of Financial and Other Information” beginning on page viii of this proxy statement/prospectus.
The information set forth below is only a summary that you should read together with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements and the related notes, as well as the section entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group” beginning on page 201 of this proxy statement/prospectus. See the section entitled “Where You Can Find More Information” beginning on page 320 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
 
Year ended 31 December(1)
in millions of euro. (except per share amounts)
2020(2)
2019(3)(4)
2018(5)
2017(6)
2016(7)
Statement of profit or loss data:
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue
2,042
416
232
163
109
Operating loss
(124)
(76)
(34)
(37)
(25)
Loss for the period
(170)
(121)
(7)
(42)
(31)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Per ordinary share data:
 
 
 
 
 
Loss attributable to owners of Just Eat Takeaway.com (basic and diluted)
(170)
(121)
(7)
(42)
(31)
Weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding (basic and diluted)
140
58
43
43
37
Basic loss per share
(1.21)
(2.08)
(0.17)
(0.97)
(0.84)
Diluted loss per share
(1.21)
(2.08)
(0.17)
(0.97)
(0.84)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement of financial position data (at period end):
 
 
 
 
 
Total assets
10,354
1,661
413
198
237
Total non-current borrowings (including lease liabilities)
540
239
Ordinary share capital and premium (8)
8,807
1,327
252
251
251
Net assets
8,486
1,134
143
150
188
(1)
All of the information above is in respect of continuing operations.
(2)
On 31 January 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s acquisition of the issued share capital of Just Eat was declared wholly unconditional. The Just Eat Group was consolidated into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group from 15 April 2020, which is the date the CMA’s initial enforcement order was lifted.
(3)
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group adopted IFRS 16 Leases (as issued by the IASB in January 2016) effective as of 1 January 2019. IFRS 16 replaces IAS 17 Leases and IFRIC 4. IFRS 16 introduces significant changes to lessee accounting by removing the distinction between operating and finance lease and requiring the recognition of a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at commencement for all leases, except for short-term leases and leases of low-value assets when such recognition exemptions are adopted. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has adopted IFRS 16 using the modified retrospective method, under which the cumulative effect of initial
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application is recognized in accumulated deficits as at 1 January 2019. Accordingly, the comparatives have not been restated and continue to be presented based on IAS 17 and related interpretations. See Note 2 to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-9 of this proxy statement/prospectus for further information.
(4)
On 1 April 2019, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s acquisition of the German businesses of Delivery Hero, consisting of Delivery Hero Germany GmbH and Foodora GmbH, which operated the Lieferheld, Pizza.de and Foodora brands in Germany, was completed.
(5)
On 26 September 2018, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group acquired 100% of the shares in 10bis.co.il Ltd via the acquisition of Biscuit Holdings Ltd., which owns 80% of the shares in 10bis.co.il Ltd and via the acquisition of 20% of the shares from the former owner.
(6)
Revenue as included in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s unaudited consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended 31 December 2017 amounted to €166 million and was retrospectively adjusted in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s unaudited consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended 31 December 2018 (the “IFRS 2018 Consolidated Financial Statements”) to reflect the reclassification of voucher expenses from marketing expenses to revenue amounting to €3 million (unaudited) under IFRS 15 and, therefore, revenue for the year ended 31 December 2017 is extracted from the IFRS 2018 Consolidated Financial Statements.
(7)
Revenue as included in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s unaudited consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended 31 December 2016 (the “IFRS 2016 Consolidated Financial Statements”) amounted to €112 million and has been retrospectively adjusted for the purposes of this proxy statement/prospectus to reflect the reclassification of voucher expenses from marketing expenses to revenue amounting to €3 million (unaudited) under IFRS 15 and, therefore, is not extracted directly from the IFRS 2016 Consolidated Financial Statements.
(8)
Just Eat Takeaway.com did not have any redeemable preferred stock outstanding as of the dates presented.
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SELECTED HISTORICAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA OF THE GRUBHUB GROUP
The following table presents selected historical consolidated financial data for the Grubhub Group, prepared in accordance with GAAP and presented in U.S. dollars, as of and for the years 31 December 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017 and 2016. The balance sheet data as of 31 December 2020 and 2019 and the income statement data for the years ended 31 December 2020, 2019 and 2018 have been derived from the Grubhub Group’s consolidated financial statements, which are incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus. The balance sheet data as of 31 December 2018, 2017 and 2016 and the income statement data for the years ended 31 December 2017 and 2016 have been derived from the Grubhub Group’s audited consolidated financial statements as of and for such periods, which are not incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus. For more information, see the section entitled “About this Proxy Statement/Prospectus—Presentation of Financial and Other Information” beginning on page viii of this proxy statement/prospectus.
The information set forth below is only a summary that you should read together with the Grubhub Group’s consolidated financial statements and the related notes, as well as the section entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” contained in Grubhub’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended 31 December 2020 that Grubhub previously filed with the SEC and that is incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus. Historical results are not necessarily indicative of any results to be expected in the future. For more information, see the section entitled “Where You Can Find More Information” beginning on page 320 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
 
Year ended 31 December(1)
in millions of USD (except per share amounts)
2020
2019(2)
2018(3)(4)
2017(5)
2016
Statements of operations data:
 
 
 
 
 
Revenues
1,820
1,312
1,007
683
493
Income (loss) from operations
(149)
(6)
85
90
84
Net income (loss) per attributable to common stockholders
(156)
(19)
79
99
50
 
 
 
 
 
 
Per common share data:
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
(156)
(19)
79
99
50
Weighted-average common shares outstanding (basic)
92
91
90
86
85
Basic income (loss) per share
(1.69)
(0.20)
0.88
1.15
0.58
Weighted-average common shares outstanding (diluted)
92
91
92
88
86
Diluted income (loss) per share(6)
(1.69)
(0.20)
0.85
1.12
0.58
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance sheet data (at period end):
 
 
 
 
 
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments
413
425
225
258
324
Total assets
2,389
2,375
2,066
1,544
1,198
Long-term debt
494
500
342
174
Capital stock (excluding long term debt)(7)
1,243
1,164
1,095
849
806
Net assets
1,417
1,494
1,442
1,118
972
Working capital(8)
216
317
141
186
286
(1)
All of the information above is in respect of continuing operations.
(2)
The Grubhub Group adopted ASC Topic 842 using the modified retrospective transition method applied to all existing leases beginning 1 January 2019. Periods prior to adoption were not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with historic accounting guidance under ASC Topic 840. The adoption of ASC Topic 842 resulted in the recognition on the consolidated balance sheets as of 1 January 2019 of right-of-use assets of $81.2 million and lease liabilities for operating leases of $97.7 million, but did not result in a cumulative-effect adjustment on retained earnings. The operating lease right-of-use asset includes the impact upon adoption of ASC Topic 842 of the derecognition of lease incentives, deferred rent, below-market lease intangibles, cease-use liabilities and prepaid rent balances recognized in prepaid expenses and other current assets and current and noncurrent other accruals on the consolidated balance sheets as of 31 December 2018. The adoption of ASC Topic 842 did not have a material impact to the Grubhub Group’s consolidated results of operations or cash flows.
(3)
On 7 November 2018, the Grubhub Group acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares of Tapingo Ltd. (“Tapingo”), a platform for campus food ordering with direct integration into college meal plans and point of sale systems. On 13 September 2018, the Grubhub Group acquired SCVNGR, Inc. d/b/a LevelUp (“LevelUp”), a provider of mobile diner engagement and payment solutions for national and regional restaurant brands.
(4)
The Grubhub Group adopted ASC Topic 606 in the first quarter of 2018. The Grubhub Group applied the modified retrospective approach to contracts which were not completed as of 1 January 2018. The adoption of ASC Topic 606 did not have and is not
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expected to have a material impact on the Grubhub Group’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows or its business processes, systems and controls. See Note 2 to the Grubhub Group’s 2018 consolidated financial statements for further information.
(5)
On 10 October 2017, the Grubhub Group acquired all of the issued and outstanding equity interests of Eat24, LLC (“Eat24”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Yelp Inc. and provider of online and mobile food-ordering services for restaurants across the United States. On 23 August 2017, the Grubhub Group acquired substantially all of the assets and certain expressly specified liabilities of A&D Network Solutions, Inc. and Dashed, Inc. (collectively, “Foodler”), a food-ordering company headquartered in Boston.
(6)
The computation of diluted EPS did not assume the conversion of the restricted stock options and stock options because their inclusion would have been antidilutive for all periods presented.
(7)
Grubhub did not have any redeemable preferred stock outstanding as of the dates presented.
(8)
Working capital is calculated as current assets less current liabilities.
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SELECTED JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM GROUP UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL DATA
The following selected unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet data gives effect to the Transaction as if it had occurred on 31 December 2020, while the selected unaudited pro forma condensed combined income statement data for the year ended 31 December 2020 is presented as if the Transaction and the Just Eat Acquisition had been completed on 1 January 2020. There is no adjustment to the selected unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet data related to the Just Eat Acquisition as the Just Eat Group has been consolidated by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group as of 15 April 2020 and therefore is already reflected in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2020.
The following selected unaudited pro forma condensed combined consolidated financial information (the “Selected Pro Forma Financial Information”) has been prepared for illustrative purposes only. The Selected Pro Forma Financial Information is not necessarily indicative of the Enlarged Group’s financial position or results of operations that would have been realized had the Transaction and the Just Eat Acquisition occurred as of the dates indicated, nor are they meant to be indicative of any anticipated combined financial position or future results of operations that the Enlarged Group will experience after Completion. The actual financial position and results of operations will differ, perhaps significantly, from the Selected Pro Forma Financial Information due to a variety of factors, including access to additional information, changes in value not currently identified and changes in operating results following the date of the Selected Pro Forma Financial Information. The Selected Pro Forma Financial Information does not reflect any adjustment for liabilities or related costs of any integration and similar activities, or benefits that may be derived in future periods, from the Transaction or the Just Eat Acquisition. The Selected Pro Forma Financial Information should be read in conjunction with the section entitled “Just Eat Takeaway.com Group Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Information” beginning on page 255 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
in millions of euro (except per share amounts)
Unaudited pro
forma financial
information of
Enlarged
Group
Balance Sheet Data – As of 31 December 2020
 
Total assets
17,923
Total non-current borrowings (including lease liabilities)
1,034
Ordinary share capital and premium
14,861
Net assets
14,487
 
 
Statement of profit or loss data – Twelve Months Ended 31 December 2020
 
Revenue
3,997
Operating loss
(488)
Loss for the period
(582)
Loss attributable to ordinary shareholders
(581)
Weighted average number of ordinary shares (basic and diluted)
213
Basic loss per share
(2.72)
Diluted loss per share
(2.72)
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COMPARATIVE HISTORICAL AND UNAUDITED PRO FORMA PER SHARE DATA
The following tables set forth selected historical and unaudited pro forma combined per share information for Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub.
Historical per Share Data for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and the Grubhub Shares
The historical per share data for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and the Grubhub Shares below is derived from the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements and the Grubhub Group’s consolidated financial statements.
Unaudited Pro Forma Combined per Share Data for Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares
The unaudited pro forma combined per share data for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares is extracted from the Pro Forma Financial Information beginning on page 255 of this proxy statement/prospectus. The Pro Forma Financial Information of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is based on, and should be read in conjunction with, the historical consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes of each of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Just Eat Group and the Grubhub Group for the applicable periods, which are included elsewhere in or incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus. See “Just Eat Takeaway.com Group Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Information” and “Where You Can Find More Information” beginning on pages 255 and 320, respectively, of this proxy statement/prospectus.
The unaudited pro forma combined per share information for the year ended 31 December 2020 gives effect to the Transaction and the Just Eat Acquisition as if each had occurred on 1 January 2020. The Just Eat Acquisition has been accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with IFRS 3, Business Combinations (“IFRS 3”) with Just Eat Takeaway.com treated as the accounting acquirer for the Just Eat Acquisition. The IFRS 3 acquisition method of accounting applies the fair value concepts defined in IFRS 13, Fair Value Measurement (“IFRS 13”) and requires, among other things, that the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination are recognized at their fair values as of the acquisition date, with limited exceptions to this recognition and measurement principle. Any excess of the purchase consideration over the fair value of identifiable net assets acquired is recognized as goodwill. The purchase price calculation and purchase price allocation presented for the Just Eat Acquisition is based on the purchase price allocation determined in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2020. The measurement period ended on 14 April 2021 and therefore the assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and goodwill recognized were adjusted to reflect new information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date, and, if known, would have affected the measurement of the amounts recognized as of that date.
In addition, Just Eat Takeaway.com will also be treated as the accounting acquirer in the Transaction, and accordingly, the Grubhub Group assets acquired and liabilities assumed are adjusted based on the provisional purchase price allocation made solely for the purpose of preparing the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information that Just Eat Takeaway.com believes are reasonable. As of the date of this proxy statement/prospectus, Just Eat Takeaway.com has prepared provisional estimates of fair value for all of the Grubhub Group’s assets to be acquired and liabilities to be assumed. Following Completion, Just Eat Takeaway.com will conduct a detailed valuation of all assets and liabilities of the Grubhub Group as of the date of Completion, at which point the actual fair values will be determined and may vary materially from these provisional estimates. In identifying Just Eat Takeaway.com as the accounting acquirer, Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub took into account (i) the background of the Transaction, (ii) the Merger Agreement, (iii) the anticipated share ownership and voting rights of the Enlarged Group, (iv) the intended corporate governance structure of the Enlarged Group, (v) the designation of certain senior management positions, and (vi) the relative market values, size, and profitability of the combining companies.
The unaudited pro forma combined per share data is provided for informational purposes only and is based upon the best information available to Just Eat Takeaway.com and certain assumptions that Just Eat Takeaway.com believes to be reasonable.
The unaudited pro forma combined per share data is not necessarily indicative of the Enlarged Group’s financial position or results of operations that would have been realized had the Transaction and the Just Eat Acquisition occurred as of the dates indicated, nor is it meant to be indicative of any anticipated combined
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financial position or future results of operations that the Enlarged Group will experience after Completion. The actual financial position and results of operations will differ, perhaps significantly, from the unaudited pro forma combined per share data due to a variety of factors, including access to additional information, changes in value not currently identified and changes in operating results following the date of the unaudited pro forma combined per share data. The unaudited pro forma combined per share data does not reflect any adjustment for liabilities or related costs of any integration and similar activities, or benefits that may be derived in future periods, from the Transaction or the Just Eat Acquisition.
Unaudited Pro Forma Combined per Grubhub Equivalent Share Data
The unaudited pro forma combined per Grubhub equivalent share data set forth below shows the effect of the Transaction from the perspective of an owner of the Grubhub Shares that is entitled to receive the merger consideration. The information was calculated by multiplying the unaudited pro forma combined per share data for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares by the merger consideration exchange ratio of 0.6710 of a New Just Eat Takeaway.com Share, represented by a number of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs equal to 0.6710 divided by the ADS ratio, per Grubhub Share.
Generally
You should read the below information in conjunction with (i) the selected historical consolidated financial information of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, (ii) the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements, (iii) the selected historical consolidated financial information of the Grubhub Group and (iv) the Grubhub Group’s consolidated financial statements, included in and incorporated by reference into, respectively, this proxy statement/prospectus. See “Selected Historical Consolidated Financial Data of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group,” the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements, “Selected Historical Consolidated Financial Data of the Grubhub Group” and “Where You Can Find More Information” beginning on pages 131, F-5, 133 and 320, respectively, of this proxy statement/prospectus.
 
As of/For the Year Ended
31 December 2020
Just Eat Takeaway.com Historical per Share Data:
 
Basic loss per share (euro)
(1.21)
Diluted loss per share (euro)
(1.21)
Cash dividends declared (euro)
Net book value (euro)
60.40
 
As of/For the Year Ended
31 December 2020
Grubhub Historical per Share Data:
 
Net loss per share-basic (U.S. dollars)
(1.69)
Net loss per share-diluted (U.S. dollars)
(1.69)
Cash dividends declared (U.S. dollars)
Net book value (U.S. dollars)
15.35
 
As of/For the Year Ended
31 December 2020
Unaudited Pro Forma Combined per Just Eat Takeaway.com Share Data:
 
Basic loss per share (euro)
(2.72)
Diluted loss per share (euro)
(2.72)
Cash dividends declared (euro)
Net book value (euro)
67.87
 
As of/For the Year Ended
31 December 2020
Unaudited Pro Forma Combined per Grubhub Equivalent Share Data:
 
Net loss per share-basic (U.S. dollars)
(2.23)
Net loss per share-diluted (U.S. dollars)
(2.23)
Cash dividends declared (U.S. dollars)
Net book value (U.S. dollars)
56.01
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COMPARATIVE PER SHARE MARKET PRICE
Market Prices
Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares are listed on Euronext Amsterdam under the trading symbol “TKWY” and admitted to trading on the London Stock Exchange’s main market for listed securities under the trading symbol “JET.” Grubhub Shares are currently listed on the NYSE under the trading symbol “GRUB.”
The following table sets forth the closing price per share of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share and a Grubhub Share on Euronext Amsterdam and the NYSE, respectively, as of 9 June 2020, the last trading day of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares before the public announcement of the Merger Agreement. The table also shows the implied value of the merger consideration proposed for each Grubhub Share as of the same date. This implied value was calculated by multiplying the closing price of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share on Euronext Amsterdam on the relevant date and the Euro-Dollar exchange rate on such date by the exchange ratio of 0.6710.
 
Just Eat Takeaway.com
Shares
Grubhub
Shares
Implied Per Share Value of
Merger Consideration
9 June 2020
€98.60
$57.92
$75.15
The market prices of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and Grubhub Shares and the Euro-Dollar exchange rate have fluctuated since the date of the announcement of the Merger Agreement and will continue to fluctuate from the date of this proxy statement/prospectus to the date of the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting and Completion, and the market price of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and the Euro-Dollar exchange rate will continue to fluctuate after Completion. No assurance can be given concerning the market prices of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and Grubhub Shares and the Euro-Dollar exchange rate before Completion or Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and the Euro-Dollar exchange rate after Completion. The exchange ratio is fixed in the Merger Agreement, but the market price of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs (and therefore the value of the merger consideration) when received by Grubhub Stockholders upon Completion could be greater than, less than or the same as shown in the table above. Accordingly, Grubhub Stockholders are advised to obtain current market quotations for Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and Grubhub Shares when considering whether to vote for adoption of the Merger Agreement.
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THE COMPANIES
Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V.
Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. (“Just Eat Takeaway.com”) is the parent company of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, a leading global online food delivery marketplace outside of China based on GMV. With approximately 244,000 restaurants listed on its platforms as of 31 December 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group offers consumers the convenience of a large selection of local takeaway restaurants at their fingertips, user-friendly interfaces that allow the selection of a meal in a few clicks and multiple options for online payment. While the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s core business model is to collaborate with delivery restaurants, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group also provides proprietary restaurant delivery services for restaurants that do not deliver themselves. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s network benefits both restaurants and consumers, driving the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s continued growth. For restaurants, partnering with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group offers the potential for additional orders at a minimal incremental cost, while enjoying the benefits of its significant marketing power and brand strength.
Just Eat Takeaway.com’s mission has consistently been focused on becoming the best food delivery company on the planet. Since its founding in 2000, Just Eat Takeaway.com has chosen only to enter into markets in which it believes it can become a leader and be profitable. Just Eat Takeaway.com’s positive adjusted EBITDA in the Netherlands segment helped secure a leadership position in Germany and other Continental European countries. The growth of the Takeaway.com businesses eventually allowed it to merge with Just Eat in 2020, another European food delivery business with strong performance (the “Just Eat Acquisition”). As a result, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has leading positions based on GMV in three of the world’s largest markets for online food delivery: the UK, Germany and the Netherlands.
Just Eat Takeaway.com was incorporated as a private limited liability company (besloten vennootschap met beperkte aansprakelijkheid) under the laws of the Netherlands on 30 December 2005. Just Eat Takeaway.com was converted to a public limited liability company (naamloze vennootschap) on 3 October 2016. The seat of Just Eat Takeaway.com is in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, its address is Oosterdoksstraat 80, 1011 DK Amsterdam, the Netherlands, its telephone number is +31 (0)20 210 7000, and its website is justeattakeaway.com. Just Eat Takeaway.com is registered in the Commercial Register of the Chamber of Commerce (Handelsregister van de Kamer van Koophandel) under number 08142836 and its legal entity identifier is 724500FVZIBSSQ7SHI95. The web address of Just Eat Takeaway.com has been included as an inactive textual reference only. Just Eat Takeaway.com’s website and the information contained therein or connected thereto are not intended to be incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus.
Checkers Merger Sub I, Inc.
Checkers Merger Sub I, Inc. (“Merger Sub I”) is a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of Just Eat Takeaway.com. Merger Sub I was incorporated on 9 June 2020, solely for the purpose of effecting the Transaction. It has not carried on any activities to date, except for activities incidental to its formation and activities undertaken in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement. Merger Sub I’s principal executive offices, as well as its registered office in the State of Delaware, are located at 251 Little Falls Drive, Wilmington, DE 19808, County of New Castle, State of Delaware, United States.
Checkers Merger Sub II, Inc.
Checkers Merger Sub II, Inc. (“Merger Sub II”) is a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of Just Eat Takeaway.com. Merger Sub II was incorporated on 9 June 2020, solely for the purpose of effecting the Transaction. It has not carried on any activities to date, except for activities incidental to its formation and activities undertaken in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement. Merger Sub II’s principal executive offices, as well as its registered office in the State of Delaware, are located at 251 Little Falls Drive, Wilmington, DE 19808, County of New Castle, State of Delaware, United States.
Grubhub Inc.
Grubhub Inc. (“Grubhub”) is the parent company of the Grubhub Group, a leading online and mobile platform for restaurant pick-up and delivery orders in the United States, which Grubhub refers to collectively as takeout. Grubhub connects more than 300,000 restaurants, of which more than 265,000 are partnered restaurants,
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with hungry diners in thousands of cities across the United States and is focused on transforming the takeout experience. For restaurants, Grubhub generates higher margin takeout orders at full menu prices. The Grubhub platform empowers diners with a “direct line” into the kitchen, avoiding the inefficiencies, inaccuracies and frustrations associated with paper menus and phone orders. The Grubhub Group has a powerful takeout marketplace that creates additional value for both restaurants and diners as it grows.
Grubhub was incorporated in the state of Delaware on 20 May 2013, and its common stock is listed on the NYSE under the trading symbol “GRUB.” Grubhub’s principal executive offices are located at 111 W. Washington Street, Suite 2100, Chicago, Illinois, and its telephone number is (877) 585-7878. Grubhub’s website is www.grubhub.com. The web address of Grubhub has been included as an inactive textual reference only. Grubhub’s website and the information contained therein or connected thereto are not intended to be incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus.
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SPECIAL MEETING
General
This proxy statement/prospectus is being provided to Grubhub Stockholders as part of a solicitation of proxies by the Grubhub Board for use at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting and at any adjournments or postponements thereof. This proxy statement/prospectus provides Grubhub Stockholders with information they need to know to be able to vote or instruct their vote to be cast at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof and should be read carefully in its entirety.
Date, Time and Place of the Special Meeting
Due to health and safety concerns resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting will be held exclusively in a virtual format on       2021 at       a.m. (Central Time). Grubhub has adopted a virtual format for the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting to make participation accessible for Grubhub Stockholders from any geographic location with Internet connectivity. Grubhub Stockholders who attend the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting will be afforded the same rights and opportunities to participate as they would at an in-person meeting. You are entitled to attend and participate in the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting only if you were a Grubhub Stockholder of record as of the close of business on       2021, the record date for the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, or hold a valid proxy of such a Grubhub Stockholder for the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting. To be admitted to the stockholders’ portion of the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting at www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/GRUB2021SM, you must enter the 16-digit control number found on your proxy card or voting instruction form. Please note that you will not be able to attend the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting in person.
Purposes of the Special Meeting
The Grubhub Stockholder Meeting is being held to consider and vote upon the following proposals:
Grubhub Proposal I—the Merger Agreement proposal: to adopt the Merger Agreement, a copy of which is attached as Annexes A-1, A-2 and A-3 to this proxy statement/prospectus;
Grubhub Proposal II—the non-binding compensation proposal: to approve, by a non-binding, advisory vote, certain compensation that may be paid or become payable to named executive officers of Grubhub in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, the value of which is disclosed in the table in the section entitled “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Treatment of Grubhub Equity Awards—Interests of Grubhub’s Directors and Executive Officers in the Transaction” beginning on page 120 of this proxy statement/prospectus; and
Grubhub Proposal III—the adjournment proposal: to adjourn the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting from time to time, if necessary or appropriate, to solicit additional proxies in the event there are not sufficient votes at the time of the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting to approve the Merger Agreement proposal.
Recommendation of the Grubhub Board
The Grubhub Board recommends that Grubhub Stockholders vote:
Grubhub Proposal I: “FOR” the Merger Agreement proposal;
Grubhub Proposal II: “FOR” the non-binding compensation proposal; and
Grubhub Proposal III: “FOR” the adjournment proposal.
This proxy statement/prospectus contains important information regarding these proposals and factors that Grubhub Stockholders should consider when deciding how to cast their votes. Grubhub Stockholders are encouraged to read carefully and in its entirety this proxy statement/prospectus, including the annexes to this proxy statement/prospectus and documents incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus.
The Grubhub Board has approved the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, including the Transaction, and recommends that the Grubhub Stockholders vote “FOR” the Merger Agreement proposal, “FOR” the non-binding compensation proposal and “FOR” the adjournment proposal.
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Record Date
The record date for the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting is       2021. You are entitled to vote at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting only if you were a Grubhub Stockholder of record at the close of business on the Grubhub record date, or if you hold a valid proxy for the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting. On each matter to be voted on at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, you are entitled to one vote for each Grubhub Share held as of the Grubhub record date.
Outstanding Shares as of the Record Date
As of the close of business on the Grubhub record date, there were       Grubhub Shares outstanding, held by       holders of record.
A complete list of Grubhub Stockholders of record entitled to vote at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting will be available for inspection at the principal place of business of Grubhub at 111 W. Washington Street, Suite 2100, Chicago, Illinois 60602 during regular business hours for a period of no less than 10 days before the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting. If Grubhub’s headquarters are closed for health and safety reasons related to COVID-19 during such period, the list of Grubhub Stockholders will be made available for inspection upon request via e-mail to      , subject to Grubhub’s satisfactory verification of stockholder status. The list of Grubhub Stockholders will also be made available online during the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting at the Grubhub meeting website.
Attendance at the Special Meeting
You are entitled to participate in the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting only if you were a Grubhub Stockholder of record as of the Grubhub record date or if you hold a valid proxy for the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting. To attend online and participate in the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, you will need to use the 16-digit control number found on your proxy card or voting instruction form to log into www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/GRUB2021SM. You cannot attend the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting physically.
The Grubhub Stockholder Meeting will begin on       2021 at       a.m. (Central Time). Grubhub encourages you to access the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting shortly prior to the start time to allow time for online check-in. Grubhub has worked to offer the same participation opportunities as would be provided at an in-person meeting while further enhancing the online experience available to all Grubhub Stockholders regardless of their location. However, please be aware that you must bear any costs associated with your Internet access, such as usage charges from Internet access providers and telephone companies. If you experience technical difficulties during the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, you should call the technical support phone number provided when you log in to the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting.
Quorum
A quorum must be present at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting for any business to be conducted at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting. A majority of the Grubhub Shares outstanding on the Grubhub record date and entitled to vote on each matter considered at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, present via the Grubhub meeting website or represented by proxy, will constitute a quorum. An abstention from voting will be deemed present at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting for the purpose of determining the presence of a quorum. Grubhub Shares held in “street name” through a broker, bank, trustee or other nominee with respect to which the beneficial owner fails to give voting instructions to such broker, bank, trustee or other nominee, and Grubhub Shares with respect to which the beneficial owner otherwise fails to vote, will not be deemed present at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting for the purpose of determining the presence of a quorum. Failure of a quorum at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting may result in an adjournment of the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting and may subject Grubhub to additional costs and expenses.
Vote Required
The votes required for each proposal are as follows:
Grubhub Proposal I—the Merger Agreement proposal. Assuming a quorum is present at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, approval of the Merger Agreement proposal requires the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the Grubhub Shares outstanding and entitled to vote thereon as of the Grubhub record date.
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Grubhub cannot complete the Transaction unless the Merger Agreement proposal is approved at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting (or at any adjournment or postponement thereof). Because approval of the Merger Agreement proposal requires the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the Grubhub Shares outstanding and entitled to vote thereon as of the Grubhub record date, abstention from voting on the Merger Agreement proposal, the failure of a Grubhub Stockholder who holds his, her or its shares in “street name” through a broker, bank, trustee or other nominee to give voting instructions to such broker, bank, trustee or other nominee or any other failure of a Grubhub Stockholder to vote will have the same effect as a vote “AGAINST” the Merger Agreement proposal.
Grubhub Proposal II—the non-binding compensation proposal. Assuming a quorum is present at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, approval of the non-binding compensation proposal requires the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the votes properly cast at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting by Grubhub Stockholders present via the Grubhub meeting website or represented by proxy and entitled to vote thereon as of the Grubhub record date. For purposes of the non-binding compensation proposal, “votes properly cast” means votes “FOR” or “AGAINST.” As a result, abstention from voting on the non-binding compensation proposal, the failure of a Grubhub Stockholder who holds his, her or its shares in “street name” through a broker, bank, trustee or other nominee to give voting instructions to such broker, bank, trustee or other nominee or any other failure of a Grubhub Stockholder to vote will have no effect on the outcome of the non-binding compensation proposal (assuming a quorum is present at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting) because these failures to vote are not considered “votes properly cast.”
Grubhub Proposal III—the adjournment proposal. Assuming a quorum is present at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, approval of the adjournment proposal requires the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the votes properly cast at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting by Grubhub Stockholders present via the Grubhub meeting website or represented by proxy and entitled to vote thereon as of the Grubhub record date. For purposes of the adjournment proposal, “votes properly cast” means votes “FOR” or “AGAINST.” As a result, abstention from voting on the adjournment proposal, the failure of a Grubhub Stockholder who holds his, her or its shares in “street name” through a broker, bank, trustee or other nominee to give voting instructions to such broker, bank, trustee or other nominee or any other failure of a Grubhub Stockholder to vote will have no effect on the outcome of the adjournment proposal because these failures to vote are not considered “votes properly cast.”
Your vote is very important regardless of the number of Grubhub Shares that you own. The transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, including the Transaction, cannot be completed without the approval of the Merger Agreement proposal by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the Grubhub Shares outstanding and entitled to vote thereon as of the Grubhub record date.
Share Ownership and Voting by Grubhub’s Directors and Executive Officers
At the close of business on the Grubhub record date, Grubhub’s directors and executive officers had the right to vote approximately       shares of the then-outstanding Grubhub Shares at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, collectively representing approximately      % of the Grubhub Shares outstanding and entitled to vote on that date. Grubhub currently expects that Grubhub’s directors and executive officers will vote their Grubhub Shares “FOR” the Merger Agreement proposal, “FOR” the non-binding compensation proposal and “FOR” the adjournment proposal, although they have no obligation to do so.
How to Vote
Grubhub Stockholders of record as of the close of business on the Grubhub record date may have their Grubhub Shares voted by submitting a proxy or may vote at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting by following the instructions provided on the enclosed proxy card. Grubhub recommends that Grubhub Stockholders entitled to vote submit a proxy by 11:59 p.m. (Eastern Time), on       2021, even if they plan to attend the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting.
Grubhub Stockholders who hold their Grubhub Shares beneficially in “street name” and wish to submit a proxy must provide instructions to the broker, bank, trustee or other nominee that holds their Grubhub Shares of record as to how to vote such Grubhub Shares with respect to the Merger Agreement proposal, the non-binding compensation proposal and the adjournment proposal by following the voting instructions contained in the voting instruction form sent to you by your broker, bank, trustee or other nominee holder of record. If you hold your
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Grubhub Shares in “street name” and you have not received a voting instruction form, please contact the broker, bank, trustee or other nominee that holds your Grubhub Shares of record as soon as possible so that you can be provided with a voting instruction form. Grubhub Stockholders who hold their Grubhub Shares beneficially and wish to vote online at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting must receive a voting instruction form with a 16-digit control number from their broker, bank, trustee or other nominee and submit a “legal proxy” received from their bank, broker, trustee or other nominee. If you do not have a control number, please contact your broker, bank, trustee or other nominee as soon as possible so that you can be provided with a control number.
Grubhub Stockholders of record may submit a proxy in one of three ways or vote at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting:
By Internet: Grubhub Stockholders of record may submit their proxy over the Internet by following the instructions set forth on the enclosed proxy card. Internet voting is available 24 hours a day and will be accessible until 11:59 p.m. (Eastern Time), on       2021. Grubhub Stockholders of record will be given an opportunity to confirm that their voting instructions have been properly recorded. Grubhub Stockholders of record who submit a proxy via the Internet should NOT send in their proxy card by mail.
By Telephone: Grubhub Stockholders of record may submit their proxy by following the instructions set forth on the enclosed proxy card. Telephone voting is available 24 hours a day and will be accessible until 11:59 p.m. (Eastern Time), on       2021. Grubhub Stockholders of record who submit a proxy via telephone should NOT send in their proxy card by mail.
By Mail: Grubhub Stockholders of record may submit their proxy by properly completing, signing, dating and mailing the enclosed proxy card in the postage-paid envelope provided (if mailed in the United States). Grubhub Stockholders of record who vote this way should mail the proxy card early enough so that it is received before the date of the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting.
At the Virtual Special Meeting: All Grubhub Stockholders of record may vote online during the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting via the Internet at www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/GRUB2021SM. You may cast your vote electronically during the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting using the 16-digit control number found on your proxy card.
Grubhub Stockholders are encouraged to submit a proxy promptly. Each valid proxy received in time will be voted at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting according to the choice specified, if any. Executed but uninstructed proxies (i.e., proxies that are properly signed, dated and returned but are not marked to tell the proxies how to vote) will be voted in accordance with the recommendations of the Grubhub Board. The giving of a proxy will not affect your right to vote at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting should you choose to attend.
All Grubhub Shares that are entitled to vote at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting and are represented by a properly completed and valid proxy received by the deadlines set forth above and not revoked will be voted at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting in accordance with the instructions indicated in such proxy. If a Grubhub Stockholder signs a proxy card and returns it without giving instructions for voting on any proposal, the Grubhub Shares represented by that proxy card will be voted “FOR” the Merger Agreement proposal, “FOR” the non-binding compensation proposal and “FOR” the adjournment proposal.
Your vote is important, regardless of the number of Grubhub Shares you own. Please complete, sign, date and promptly return the enclosed proxy card today or authorize a proxy to vote through the internet or by phone.
Shares Held in “Street Name”
If you hold your Grubhub Shares in “street name” through a broker, bank, trustee or other nominee, you must instruct such broker, bank, trustee or other nominee on how to vote your Grubhub Shares. Your broker, bank, trustee or other nominee holder of record will vote your Grubhub Shares only if you provide instructions on how to vote by filling out the voting instruction form sent to you by your broker, bank, trustee or other nominee holder of record with this proxy statement/prospectus. If you hold your Grubhub Shares in “street name” and you have not received a voting instruction form, please contact the broker, bank, trustee or other nominee that holds your Grubhub Shares of record as soon as possible so that you can be provided with a voting instruction form.
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Brokers, banks, trustees and other nominees who hold Grubhub Shares in “street name” typically have the authority to vote in their discretion on “routine” proposals when they have not received instructions on how to vote from the beneficial owner. However, brokers, banks, trustees and other nominees typically are not allowed to exercise their voting discretion on matters that are “non-routine” without specific instructions on how to vote from the beneficial owner. Under the current rules of the NYSE, the Merger Agreement proposal, the non-binding compensation proposal and the adjournment proposal are non-routine. Therefore, brokers, banks, trustees and other nominees do not have discretionary authority to vote on the Merger Agreement proposal, the non-binding compensation proposal or the adjournment proposal.
A broker non-vote with respect to Grubhub Shares occurs when (i) a Grubhub Share held by a broker, bank, trustee or other nominee is present or represented at a meeting of Grubhub Stockholders, (ii) the beneficial owner of such Grubhub Share has not instructed his, her or its broker, bank, trustee or other nominee on how to vote on a particular proposal and (iii) the broker, bank, trustee or other nominee does not have discretionary voting power on such proposal. Brokers, banks, trustees and other nominees do not have discretionary voting authority with respect to the Merger Agreement proposal, the non-binding compensation proposal or the adjournment proposal; therefore, if a beneficial owner of Grubhub Shares held in “street name” does not give voting instructions to the broker, bank, trustee or other nominee, then those Grubhub Shares will not be present via the Grubhub meeting website or represented by proxy at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting because, as stated above, broker non-votes will not count toward quorum requirements. As a result, there will not be any broker non-votes at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting.
Your vote is very important, regardless of the number of Grubhub Shares you own. If your Grubhub Shares are held in the name of a broker, bank, trustee or other nominee holder of record, please follow the instructions on the voting instruction form furnished to you by such record holder.
Revocation of Proxies
If you are a Grubhub Stockholder of record, you may change your vote or revoke your proxy at any time prior to the final vote at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting by:
granting a new proxy bearing a later date (which automatically revokes the earlier proxy) using any of the methods described above (and until the applicable deadline for each method);
providing written notice of revocation to Grubhub’s Secretary at Grubhub Inc., 111 W. Washington Street, Suite 2100, Chicago, Illinois 60602, prior to or at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting; or
attending the virtual Grubhub Stockholder Meeting and voting.
Your most recent vote submitted by proxy card, Internet or telephone, or your vote during the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting, is the one that is counted. Your attendance at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting by itself will not automatically change your vote or revoke your proxy.
For Grubhub Shares you hold beneficially in “street name,” you may change your vote by submitting new voting instructions to your broker, bank, trustee or other nominee following the instructions they provided, or, if you have obtained a “legal proxy” from your broker, bank, trustee or other nominee giving you the right to vote your Grubhub Shares, by attending and voting at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting.
Inspector of Election
The Grubhub Board has appointed a representative of Broadridge Financial Solutions, Inc. (“Broadridge”) to act as the inspector of election at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting. Broadridge has been engaged as Grubhub’s independent agent to tabulate Grubhub Stockholder votes. If you are a Grubhub Stockholder of record, your executed proxy card is returned directly to Broadridge for tabulation. As noted above, if you hold your Grubhub Shares through a broker, your broker will return one voting instruction form to Broadridge on behalf of all its clients.
Solicitation of Proxies
The Grubhub Board is soliciting proxies with respect to the Merger Agreement proposal, the non-binding compensation proposal and the adjournment proposal. Grubhub will bear the costs and expenses of the solicitation of proxies, including the cost of preparing, assembling, printing, mailing and distributing these proxy
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materials to Grubhub Stockholders. In addition to sending and making available these proxy materials, some of Grubhub’s directors, officers and employees may solicit proxies by contacting Grubhub Stockholders in person, by mail, by e-mail, by telephone, at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting via the Grubhub meeting website or by other means of communication. Grubhub Stockholders may also be solicited by press releases issued by Grubhub and/or Just Eat Takeaway.com, postings on Grubhub’s or Just Eat Takeaway.com’s websites and advertisements in periodicals. None of Grubhub’s directors, officers or employees will be paid any additional compensation for soliciting proxies. Grubhub has also retained Innisfree M&A Incorporated to assist in the solicitation of proxies for a fee expected not to exceed $30,000, plus reasonable out-of-pocket expenses. Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com may also reimburse brokers, banks, trustees or other nominees representing beneficial owners of Grubhub Shares for their expenses in sending proxy solicitation materials to such beneficial owners and obtaining their proxies.
Adjournments and Postponements
The Grubhub Stockholder Meeting may be adjourned or postponed, if necessary or appropriate, in the absence of a quorum by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the Grubhub Shares having voting power present via the Grubhub meeting website or represented by proxy. Even if a quorum is present, the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting may also be adjourned to provide more time to solicit additional proxies in favor of adoption of the Merger Agreement if sufficient votes are cast in favor of the adjournment proposal. If a sufficient number of Grubhub Shares is present via the Grubhub meeting website or represented by proxy, and voted in favor of the Merger Agreement proposal at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting such that the Grubhub Stockholder Approval shall have been obtained, Grubhub does not anticipate that it will adjourn or postpone the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting.
Any adjournment or postponement of the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting will allow Grubhub Stockholders who have already sent in their proxies to revoke them at any time before their use at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting that was adjourned or postponed. If the adjournment is for more than 30 days, or if after the adjournment a new record date is set for the adjourned meeting, a notice of the adjourned meeting must be given to each Grubhub Stockholder of record entitled to vote at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting.
Other Matters
At this time, Grubhub knows of no other matters to be presented at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting.
Questions and Additional Information
Grubhub Stockholders may contact Grubhub’s proxy solicitor, Innisfree M&A Incorporated, with any questions concerning the Merger Agreement, the Transaction or the other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, or the accompanying proxy statement/prospectus, or if they would like additional copies of this proxy statement/prospectus or documents incorporated by reference herein, or need help voting their Grubhub Shares:

Innisfree M&A Incorporated
501 Madison Avenue, 20th Floor
New York, New York 10022
Stockholders May Call Toll-Free: (877) 717-3936
Banks & Brokers May Call Collect: (212) 750-5833
Grubhub Stockholders should not return their stock certificates or send documents representing Grubhub Shares with the enclosed proxy card. If the Transaction is completed, the exchange agent for the Transaction will send to Grubhub Stockholders a letter of transmittal and related materials and instructions for exchanging Grubhub Shares.
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THE MERGER AGREEMENT
The following summarizes the material provisions of the Merger Agreement. This summary does not purport to be complete and may not contain all of the information about the Merger Agreement that is important to you. The rights and obligations of Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub are governed by the express terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement and not by this summary or any other information contained in this proxy statement/prospectus. You are urged to read the Merger Agreement carefully and in its entirety, as well as this proxy statement/prospectus, before making any decisions regarding the Transaction. This summary is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Merger Agreement, a copy of which is attached as Annexes A-1, A-2 and A-3 to this proxy statement/prospectus and is incorporated by reference herein.
In reviewing the Merger Agreement and this summary, please remember that they have been included to provide you with information regarding the terms of the Merger Agreement and are not intended to provide any other factual information about Just Eat Takeaway.com, Grubhub or any of their respective subsidiaries or affiliates. The Merger Agreement contains representations and warranties and covenants by each of Just Eat Takeaway.com, Merger Sub I, Merger Sub II and Grubhub, which are summarized below. These representations and warranties have been made as of certain dates for the purposes of the contract between the parties and are solely for the benefit of the other parties to the Merger Agreement and:
were not intended as statements of fact, but rather as a way of allocating the risk between the parties to the Merger Agreement if those statements prove to be inaccurate;
have been qualified in some cases by certain confidential disclosures that were made by each party in connection with the negotiation of the Merger Agreement, which disclosures are not reflected in the Merger Agreement; and
may apply standards of materiality in a way that is different from what may be viewed as material by Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders or Grubhub Stockholders.
Moreover, information concerning the subject matter of the representations and warranties in the Merger Agreement and described below may have changed since the date of the Merger Agreement, and subsequent developments or new information qualifying a representation or warranty may have been included in this proxy statement/prospectus or in other public filings Grubhub makes with the SEC. Accordingly, the representations and warranties and other provisions of the Merger Agreement should not be read alone, but instead should be read together with the information provided elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus and in the documents incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus. See “Where You Can Find More Information” beginning on page 320 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Terms of the Transaction
The Initial Merger
The Merger Agreement provides that, on the terms and subject to the conditions in the Merger Agreement, and in accordance with the DGCL, (i) Merger Sub I will merge with and into Grubhub and the separate corporate existence of Merger Sub I will thereupon cease (the “initial merger”), (ii) Grubhub will continue as the surviving company in the initial merger (the “initial surviving company”) and (iii) the initial merger will have the effects set forth in the Merger Agreement, the certificate of merger of the initial merger and the DGCL. As a result of the initial merger, the initial surviving company will become a wholly owned subsidiary of Just Eat Takeaway.com.
The Subsequent Merger
The Merger Agreement provides that, on the terms and subject to the conditions in the Merger Agreement, and in accordance with the DGCL, immediately following the initial merger, (i) the initial surviving company will merge with and into Merger Sub II and the separate corporate existence of the initial surviving company will thereupon cease (the “subsequent merger” and, together with the initial merger, the “mergers”), (ii) Merger Sub II will continue as the surviving company in the subsequent merger (the “final surviving company”) and (iii) the subsequent merger will have the effects set forth in the Merger Agreement, the certificate of merger of the subsequent merger and the DGCL. As a result of the subsequent merger, the final surviving company will become a wholly owned subsidiary of Just Eat Takeaway.com.
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Completion of the Mergers
Unless Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub agree otherwise in writing, Completion will take place on the third Business Day following the satisfaction or waiver (to the extent permitted by applicable law) of all Conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement (other than those Conditions that by their nature are to be satisfied at Completion, but subject to the satisfaction or waiver of those Conditions at such time).
The Mergers
The Initial Merger
The initial merger will be effective upon the filing of the certificate of merger for the initial merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, or at such other time as Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub may agree and specify in such certificate of merger. Upon the first effective time, in addition to the other effects specified in the DGCL, including, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, all the properties, rights, privileges, powers and franchises of Grubhub and Merger Sub I shall vest in the initial surviving company, and all debts, liabilities and duties of Grubhub and Merger Sub I shall become the debts, liabilities and duties of the initial surviving company.
The Subsequent Merger
The subsequent merger will be effective upon the filing of the certificate of merger for the subsequent merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, or at such other time as Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub may agree and specify in such certificate of merger. Upon the second effective time, in addition to the other effects specified in the DGCL, including, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, all the properties, rights, privileges, powers and franchise of the initial surviving company and Merger Sub II shall vest in the final surviving company, and all debts, liabilities and duties of initial surviving company and Merger Sub II shall become the debts, liabilities and duties of the final surviving company.
Effect of the Mergers and Merger Consideration
At the first effective time:
Each issued and outstanding share of capital stock of Merger Sub I will be converted into and become one validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable share of Grubhub;
Each Grubhub Share held in treasury or owned by Just Eat Takeaway.com or any of its subsidiaries (including Merger Sub I and Merger Sub II) will be cancelled, retired and cease to exist, and no merger consideration will be delivered in exchange therefor; and
Each issued and outstanding Grubhub Share will cease to be outstanding, be cancelled and cease to exist and will automatically be converted into one share of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the initial surviving company (the “initial surviving company stock”), and each such share of initial surviving company stock will immediately thereafter be automatically exchanged for the right to receive (1) New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs representing 0.6710 Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, plus (2) cash in lieu of fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs (see “—Fractional ADSs” beginning on page 148 of this proxy statement/prospectus), plus (3) any dividends or other distributions to which such holder is entitled pursuant to the Merger Agreement, and otherwise subject to adjustments to prevent dilution in accordance with the Merger Agreement.
At the second effective time, each share of initial surviving company stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the second effective time will be cancelled and shall cease to exist and no consideration will be paid or payable in respect thereof.
Fractional ADSs
Grubhub Stockholders will not receive any fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs in the mergers. Instead of fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, each Grubhub Stockholder who would otherwise be entitled to receive a fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS will be entitled, under the terms of the Merger Agreement, to receive a cash payment (rounded to the nearest cent, without interest and subject to any withholding tax) equal to the product obtained by multiplying (1) the fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com
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ADS interest to which such Grubhub Stockholder would otherwise be entitled (rounded to three decimal places after converting each Grubhub Share to New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs representing 0.6710 Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and after aggregating all fractional New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS interests that would otherwise be received by such Grubhub Stockholder) by (2) an amount equal to the volume-weighted average price of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares (as reported by Bloomberg) on the London Stock Exchange for the five trading days immediately prior to Completion.
Dividends or Other Distributions
Grubhub Stockholders will be entitled to receive all dividends or other distributions declared or made by Just Eat Takeaway.com after the effective time of the initial merger, with a record date after the effective time of the initial merger. However, no dividends or other distributions will be paid to the holder of any un-surrendered Grubhub Share until the holder of such share surrenders such share. Following the surrender of such share, the holder of whole New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs issued in exchange will be paid without interest (subject to any applicable law or withholding tax), (1) promptly, the amount of any dividends or other distributions with a record date after the effective time of the initial merger and paid with respect to such whole New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS and (2) at the appropriate payment date, the amount of dividends or other distributions, with a record date after the effective time of the initial merger but prior to surrender and a payment date occurring after surrender, payable with respect to such whole New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS.
Representations and Warranties
In the Merger Agreement, Grubhub has made representations and warranties regarding, among other topics:
organization, standing, corporate power, ownership of subsidiaries and organizational documents;
capital structure, including the number of shares of capital stock of Grubhub and equity-based awards outstanding;
Grubhub’s authority to execute and deliver and, subject to the Grubhub Stockholder Approval, perform its obligations under, and to complete the transactions contemplated by, the Merger Agreement, and the enforceability of the Merger Agreement against Grubhub;
absence of conflicts with, or violations of, organizational documents (subject to the Grubhub Stockholder Approval), applicable law and certain contracts as a result of Grubhub entering into the Merger Agreement, performing its obligations thereunder, completing the mergers and the other transactions contemplated thereby and compliance with the terms of the Merger Agreement;
the determination by the Grubhub Board that: (i) the Merger Agreement and transactions contemplated therein are fair and in the best interest of Grubhub and Grubhub Stockholders, (ii) it was advisable for Grubhub to enter into the Merger Agreement and consummate the transactions contemplated thereby, (iii) the Merger Agreement is adopted and the execution, delivery and performance of the Merger Agreement approved, (iv) the Grubhub Board recommends that the Grubhub Stockholders adopt the Merger Agreement and (v) the Merger Agreement be submitted to Grubhub Stockholders for adoption;
government consents and approvals required in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement;
SEC documents, financial statements, accounting practices, internal controls, disclosure controls, compliance with NYSE listing requirements and absence of undisclosed liabilities;
other than in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement and related matters, the conduct of Grubhub and its subsidiaries’ business in the ordinary course in all material respects since 31 December 2019 through the date of the Merger Agreement and, since 31 December 2019, Grubhub has not taken certain actions that during the period from the signing of the Merger Agreement until Completion would require Just Eat Takeaway.com’s approval under the Merger Agreement;
absence of a material adverse effect since 31 December 2019 through the date of the Merger Agreement;
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absence of certain litigation or other actions pending or, to the knowledge of Grubhub, threatened against Grubhub or any of its subsidiaries;
compliance with applicable laws and permits, including sanctions and export control laws;
tax matters;
employee benefits and labor matters, including matters related to employee benefit plans, and compliance with the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended;
environmental matters;
intellectual property matters;
inapplicability of “moratorium,” “control share acquisition,” “fair price,” “interested shareholder,” “affiliate transaction,” “business combination” or other similar antitakeover statutes to the Merger Agreement, the mergers or the other transactions contemplated thereby;
owned and leased real property;
material contracts;
insurance matters;
receipt of an opinion from Evercore Group L.L.C., a financial advisor;
broker’s fees and expenses payable in connection with the mergers;
the required vote of the Grubhub Stockholders in favor of the adoption of the Merger Agreement (the “Grubhub Stockholder Approval”);
accuracy of information supplied or to be supplied in this proxy statement/prospectus, the Circular and the European Prospectus;
compliance with anti-corruption laws; and
absence of related party transactions, other than employment-related contracts.
In the Merger Agreement, Just Eat Takeaway.com, Merger Sub I and Merger Sub II have made representations and warranties regarding, among other topics:
organization, standing, corporate power, ownership of subsidiaries and organizational documents;
capital structure, including the number of shares of capital stock of Just Eat Takeaway.com and equity-based awards outstanding;
authority to execute and deliver and perform their respective obligations under, and to complete the transactions contemplated by, the Merger Agreement, and the enforceability of the Merger Agreement against Just Eat Takeaway.com, Merger Sub I and Merger Sub II;
absence of conflicts with, or violations of, organizational documents, applicable law and certain contracts as a result of Just Eat Takeaway.com entering into the Merger Agreement, performing its obligations thereunder, completing the mergers and the other transactions contemplated thereby and compliance with the terms of the Merger Agreement;
determination by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board that the Merger Agreement and transactions contemplated therein, including the issuance of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, are fair to and in the best interests of Just Eat Takeaway.com and its business enterprise and that it is advisable for Just Eat Takeaway.com to enter into the Merger Agreement, to adopt the Merger Agreement and approve the execution, delivery and performance by Just Eat Takeaway.com of the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby and the recommendation that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders vote in favor of (1) the resolution to pursue the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement under Section 2:107a of the Dutch Civil Code, (2) the resolution to delegate authority to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board to issue the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, (3) the terms of the Merger Agreement (the matters in (1)-(3), the “transaction proposals”), (4) the
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appointment of the Grubhub Management Board nominee to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and the Grubhub Supervisory Board nominees to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board (the “Grubhub Management Board nominee” and the “Grubhub Supervisory Board nominees” being defined in the section entitled “—Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board and Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board Following the Transaction” beginning on page 166 of this proxy statement/prospectus and such nominations, collectively, the “board nominations”) and (5) the delegation of authority to exclude or limit pre-emptive rights in relation to the issuance of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares (the matter in (5), the “preemptive rights authorization”);
government consents and approvals required in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement;
public reports and other documents in compliance with the Listing Rules, FCA rules and regulations, regulations, orders and decrees promulgated under Book 2 of the Dutch Civil Code and the Commercial Registers Act 2007, regulations, orders and decrees promulgated under the Dutch Financial Markets Supervision Act (Wet op het financieel toezicht), regulations promulgated by the AFM and absence of undisclosed liabilities;
other than in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, the conduct of Just Eat Takeaway.com and its subsidiaries’ business in the ordinary course in all material respects, since 31 December 2019 through the date of the Merger Agreement, and, since 31 December 2019, Just Eat Takeaway.com has not taken certain actions that during the period from the signing of the Merger Agreement until Completion would require Grubhub’s approval under the Merger Agreement;
absence of a material adverse effect since 31 December 2019 through the date of the Merger Agreement;
absence of certain litigation or other actions pending or, to the knowledge of Just Eat Takeaway.com, threatened against Just Eat Takeaway.com or any of its subsidiaries;
compliance with applicable laws and permits, including sanctions and export control laws;
tax matters;
employee benefits and labor matters, including matters related to employee benefit plans, and compliance with the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended;
environmental matters;
intellectual property matters;
inapplicability of “moratorium,” “control share acquisition,” “fair price,” “interested shareholder,” “affiliate transaction,” “business combination” or other similar antitakeover statutes to the Merger Agreement, the mergers or the other transactions contemplated thereby;
material contracts;
broker’s fees and expenses payable in connection with the mergers;
ownership and operations of Merger Sub I and Merger Sub II;
absence of share ownership in Grubhub;
the required votes of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders in favor of the transaction proposals and the board nominations (the “Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder Approval”);
accuracy of information supplied or to be supplied in this proxy statement/prospectus, the Circular, and the European Prospectus;
compliance with anti-corruption laws; and
absence of related party contracts and transactions, other than employment-related contracts.
Certain of the representations and warranties in the Merger Agreement are subject to exceptions or qualifications, including, in certain cases, knowledge qualifications, which means that those representations and
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warranties would not be deemed untrue or incorrect as a result of matters of which certain officers or executives of the party making the representation did not have actual knowledge (after reasonable inquiry).
Material Adverse Effect
Certain of the representations and warranties in the Merger Agreement are also subject to materiality or material adverse effect qualifications (that is, they will not be deemed to be untrue or incorrect unless their failure to be true or correct is material or has had or would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect).
The Merger Agreement provides that a “material adverse effect” means, with respect to Just Eat Takeaway.com or Grubhub, as applicable, any change, event, circumstance, occurrence, effect, development or state of facts that, individually or in the aggregate with all other changes, events, circumstances, occurrences, effects, developments or states of fact, has had or would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the business, results of operations or financial condition of such person and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole. However, no effect resulting from or arising out of or relating to any of the following matters will deemed to constitute, or be taken into account in determining whether there has been, or would reasonably be expected to be, a material adverse effect:
any effect generally affecting any of the industries or markets in which such party operates;
changes in laws or changes in accounting requirements or principles (or changes in interpretation, implementation or enforcement thereof);
general economic regulatory or political conditions (or changes therein), including any government shutdown or slowdown, or conditions (or changes therein) in the financial, credit or securities markets (including changes in interest rates, currency exchange rates, monetary policy or fiscal policy), in any country or region in which such party or its subsidiaries conduct business;
any acts of God, natural disasters, terrorism, armed hostilities, sabotage, war, curfews, riots, demonstrations or public disorders or any escalation or worsening of acts of terrorism, armed hostilities, war, riots, demonstrations or public disorders;
any epidemic, pandemic or disease outbreak (including COVID-19), or any COVID-19 measures or any change in such COVID-19 measures or interpretations thereof. “COVID-19 measures” means any quarantine, “shelter in place,” “stay at home,” workforce reduction, social distancing, shut down, closure, sequester, safety or similar law, directive, guidelines or recommendations promulgated by any industry group or any governmental authority, including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization, in each case, in connection with or in response to COVID-19, including the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act, as signed into law by the President of the United States on 27 March 2020 and the Families First Coronavirus Response Act, as signed into law by the President of the United States on 18 March 2020;
the announcement, pendency or performance of the Merger Agreement and transactions contemplated thereby, including the impact on any relationships with consumers, suppliers, distributors, collaboration partners, employees or regulators;
the taking of any action expressly required by the Merger Agreement or taken at the written request of, or with the prior consent, of the other party;
changes in the market price or trading volume of such person’s securities, except that this clause in the Merger Agreement will not prevent or otherwise affect a determination that any change, event, circumstance, occurrence, effect, development or state of facts underlying such change to market prices or trading volumes has resulted in or contributed to a material adverse effect;
the failure of such person to meet any internal, analysts’ or other earnings estimates or financial projections or forecasts for any period, or any changes in credit ratings and any changes in any analysts recommendations or ratings, except that this clause in the Merger Agreement will not prevent or otherwise affect a determination that any change, event, circumstance, occurrence, effect, development or state of facts underlying such failure has resulted in or contributed to a material adverse effect; and
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with respect to Grubhub only, any litigation or claim brought or threatened against any party or its directors, officers or employees relating to the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement and the Voting and Support Agreement.
The exceptions described in the first through fifth bullets (inclusive) above will be taken into account in such a way that, in determining whether there has been, or would reasonably be expected to be, a material adverse effect, such effects will be considered to the extent (and solely to the extent) that such effects materially and disproportionately affected the party and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, relative to other participants in the industries in the same geographies in which such party and its subsidiaries operate.
Conduct of Business
Each of Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub has undertaken certain covenants in the Merger Agreement restricting the conduct of their respective businesses between the date of the Merger Agreement and Completion. In general, but subject to the exceptions described in the Merger Agreement, each of Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub has agreed to use reasonable best efforts to (1) conduct its business in all material respects in the ordinary course of business and (2) preserve substantially intact its present lines of business and preserve existing relationships with key consumers, key suppliers, key employees and other persons with whom such party or their respective subsidiaries have significant business relationships.
Grubhub has also agreed that, except as previously agreed with Just Eat Takeaway.com or otherwise expressly permitted or expressly contemplated by the Merger Agreement or required by applicable law or with the prior written consent of Just Eat Takeaway.com (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned), from the date of the Merger Agreement to Completion, it will not, and it will not permit any of its subsidiaries to, do any of the following, subject to certain exceptions:
issue, deliver, sell, grant, pledge, dispose of or encumber any shares of its capital stock, or any securities or rights convertible into, exchangeable or exercisable for, or evidencing the right to acquire or subscribe for any shares of its capital stock, or any rights, warrants or options to purchase any shares of its capital stock, or any securities or rights convertible into, exchangeable or exercisable for, evidencing the right to acquire or subscribe for or having a value determined by reference to, any shares of its capital stock, except for (1) the issuance of shares of common stock required to be issued pursuant to the exercise of options or the vesting and settlement of restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and (2) transactions among Grubhub and its wholly owned subsidiaries not involving any Grubhub securities;
redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire any shares of its capital stock or other equity or voting interests, or any rights, warrants or options to acquire any shares of its capital stock or other equity or voting interests, except for (1) acquisitions by Grubhub of Grubhub Shares in connection with withholding to satisfy tax obligations with respect to options or RSUs, (2) acquisitions by Grubhub of options or RSUs in connection with the forfeiture of such equity awards or (3) acquisitions by Grubhub of Grubhub Shares in connection with the net exercise of options;
(1) establish a record date for, declare, authorize, set aside for payment or pay any dividend on, or make any other distribution in respect of, any shares of its capital stock or other equity or voting interests, other than dividends paid by any subsidiary of Grubhub to Grubhub or any wholly owned subsidiary of Grubhub that do not result in the payment of a material amount of tax or directly result in the loss of a material tax asset (excluding an adjustment to the tax basis in the equity of such subsidiary or similar tax asset), (2) adjust, split, combine, subdivide or reclassify any shares of its capital stock or other equity or voting interests or (3) enter into any agreement with respect to the voting of its equity interests;
incur any indebtedness except for (1) indebtedness not to exceed $10 million in the aggregate outstanding at any time, (2) indebtedness other than for borrowed money incurred in the ordinary course of business, (3) indebtedness under Grubhub’s revolving credit facility not to exceed the maximum amount of the commitments available thereunder as of the date of the Merger Agreement, (4) indebtedness incurred to replace, renew, extend, refinance or refund any existing indebtedness; provided that (a) the aggregate principal amount of such indebtedness does not exceed the aggregate principal amount of such existing indebtedness (plus the amount of any accrued or unpaid interest or
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fees related thereto), (b) such indebtedness is on prevailing market terms or terms substantially consistent with, or more beneficial to Grubhub and its subsidiaries than, such existing indebtedness and (c) the execution, delivery and performance of the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby would not conflict with, or result in any violation of or default under, or give rise to a right of termination, cancellation or acceleration of such indebtedness (except to the extent provided in such existing indebtedness) or (5) indebtedness among Grubhub and any of its wholly owned subsidiaries or among any of such subsidiaries;
enter into or make any loans, capital contributions or advances to or investments in any person (other than Grubhub or any wholly owned subsidiary of Grubhub) except in the ordinary course of business;
sell, assign, pledge, lease (as lessor), license, mortgage, or otherwise subject to any lien (other than certain permitted liens) or otherwise dispose of any of its properties or assets (including intellectual property) that are material to Grubhub and its subsidiaries taken as a whole, except (1) sales of products or services and licenses of intellectual property in the ordinary course of business, (2) dispositions of inventory, equipment or other assets that are not material to the business of Grubhub or any of its subsidiaries or are no longer used or useful in the conduct of the business of Grubhub or any of its subsidiaries or (3) transfers, sales, licenses or other transactions among Grubhub and its wholly owned subsidiaries that do not result in the payment of a material amount of tax or directly result in the loss of a material tax asset (excluding an adjustment to the tax basis in the equity of such subsidiary or similar tax asset);
make or authorize capital expenditures except in the ordinary course of business;
make any acquisition of the capital stock or assets or division of any other person for consideration in excess of $10 million in any transaction or $30 million in all such acquisitions or enter into or acquire any interest in any joint venture or similar agreement;
except as required to comply with any contract or benefit plan of Grubhub or its subsidiaries in effect on the date of the Merger Agreement or to be implemented in accordance with provisions of the Merger Agreement, as contemplated by the terms of the Merger Agreement or, solely in respect of clauses (1) and (2) hereinafter, in the ordinary course of business with respect to individuals whose annualized base compensation is less than $150,000, (1) increase the compensation or benefits of, or grant any awards under any bonus incentive, performance or other compensation arrangements to, any current or former director, officer, employee or other individual service provider of Grubhub or its subsidiaries, (2) terminate or hire any director, officer, employee or other individual service provider of Grubhub or its subsidiaries, other than terminations for “cause” (as reasonably determined by Grubhub in accordance with past practices), (3) establish, adopt, terminate or amend any material benefit plan of Grubhub or its subsidiaries or any collective bargaining agreement or other labor contract of Grubhub or its subsidiaries, (4) take any action to accelerate the vesting or payment of compensation or benefits under any Grubhub benefit plan or (5) grant any severance, retention, change in control or termination compensation or benefits or increase such compensation or benefits;
make or change any material tax election, file any material amended tax return, settle or compromise any audit or proceeding relating to taxes that involves a material amount of taxes, or enter into any “closing agreement” within the meaning of Section 7121 of the Code (or any similar provision of state, local, or non-U.S. law) with respect to any material tax;
make any material change to its accounting methods, principles or practices, except as required by changes in GAAP or applicable laws and regulations or applicable authorities or in connection with the preparation of the Circular or the European Prospectus or any amendments or supplements thereto;
amend the Grubhub organizational documents or organizational documents of any Grubhub subsidiary;
adopt a plan or agreement of complete or partial liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or reincorporation in another jurisdiction;
except for actions taken in the ordinary course of business, enter into, modify, amend, waive, fail to enforce (in each case in any material respect), assign or terminate any material contract;
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enter into, modify or amend any related party transaction that would be required to be disclosed in Grubhub’s Form 10-K or in a Grubhub proxy statement pertaining to an annual meeting of shareholders;
except as permitted by the Merger Agreement with respect to litigation related to the mergers, waive, release, assign, settle or compromise any claim or action, other than waivers, releases, assignments, settlements or compromises that do not create obligations of Grubhub or any of its subsidiaries other than the payment of monetary damages (1) equal to or lesser than the amounts reserved with respect thereto on Grubhub’s consolidated balance sheet as of 31 March 2020 or (2) not in excess of $25 million in the aggregate; or
agree in writing to take any of the foregoing actions or fail to take any action that would result in the foregoing.
Just Eat Takeaway.com has also agreed that, except as previously agreed with Grubhub or otherwise expressly permitted or expressly contemplated by the Merger Agreement or required by applicable law or with the prior written consent of Grubhub (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned), from the date of the Merger Agreement to Completion, it will not, and it will not permit any of its subsidiaries to, do any of the following, subject to certain exceptions:
issue, deliver, sell, grant, pledge, dispose of or encumber any shares of its capital stock, or any securities or rights convertible into, exchangeable or exercisable for, or evidencing the right to acquire or subscribe for any shares of its capital stock, or any rights, warrants or options to purchase any shares of its capital stock, or any securities or rights convertible into, exchangeable or exercisable for, evidencing the right to acquire or subscribe for or having a value determined by reference to, any shares of its capital stock, except for (1) the issuance of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares required to be issued pursuant to the exercise of Just Eat Takeaway.com options or the vesting and settlement of other equity-based awards of Just Eat Takeaway.com, in each case outstanding on the date hereof or granted after the date hereof not in violation of the Merger Agreement, (2) the issuance of Just Eat Takeaway.com options and other equity-based awards of Just Eat Takeaway.com in the ordinary course of business, (3) transactions among Just Eat Takeaway.com and its wholly owned subsidiaries not involving any Just Eat Takeaway.com securities and (4) the issuance of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares upon conversion of any of the Convertible Bonds in accordance with the terms thereof as in effect as of the date of the Merger Agreement;
redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire any shares of its capital stock or other equity or voting interests, or any rights, warrants or options to acquire any shares of its capital stock or other equity or voting interests, except for (1) acquisitions by Just Eat Takeaway.com of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares in connection with withholding to satisfy tax obligations with respect to options, (2) acquisitions by Just Eat Takeaway.com of equity awards (including options) in connection with the forfeiture of such equity awards or (3) acquisitions by Just Eat Takeaway.com of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares in connection with the net exercise of options;
(1) establish a record date for, declare, authorize, set aside for payment or pay any dividend on, or make any other distribution in respect of, any shares of its capital stock or other equity or voting interests, other than dividends paid by any subsidiary of Just Eat Takeaway.com to Just Eat Takeaway.com or any wholly owned subsidiary of Just Eat Takeaway.com that do not result in the payment of a material amount of tax or directly result in the loss of a material tax asset (excluding an adjustment to the tax basis in the equity of such subsidiary or similar tax asset), (2) adjust, split, combine, subdivide or reclassify any shares of its capital stock or other equity or voting interests or (3) enter into any agreement with respect to the voting of its equity interests;
incur any indebtedness except for (1) indebtedness other than for borrowed money incurred in the ordinary course of business, (2) indebtedness under Just Eat Takeaway.com’s revolving credit facility not to exceed the maximum amount of the commitments available thereunder as of the date of the Merger Agreement (including the amount of the uncommitted “accordion feature,” (3) indebtedness incurred to replace, renew, extend, refinance or refund any existing indebtedness of Just Eat Takeaway.com or any of its subsidiaries or of Grubhub or any of its subsidiaries; provided that (a) the aggregate principal amount of such indebtedness does not exceed the aggregate principal
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amount of such existing indebtedness (plus the amount of any accrued or unpaid interest or fees related thereto), (b) such indebtedness is on prevailing market terms or terms substantially consistent with, or more beneficial to Just Eat Takeaway.com and its subsidiaries than, such existing indebtedness and (c) the execution, delivery and performance of the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby would not conflict with, or result in any violation of or default under, or give rise to a right of termination, cancellation or acceleration of such indebtedness (except to the extent provided in such existing indebtedness), (4) indebtedness incurred to fund any amounts payable in connection with, or as a result of, the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, (5) indebtedness among Just Eat Takeaway.com and any of its wholly owned subsidiaries or among any of such subsidiaries or (6) other indebtedness not to exceed $300 million in the aggregate outstanding at any time;
make any acquisition of the capital stock or assets or division of any other person;
make any material change to its accounting methods, principles or practices, except as required by changes in IFRS or applicable laws and regulations or applicable authorities or in connection with the registration of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares to be issued pursuant to the Merger Agreement;
amend the Just Eat Takeaway.com organizational documents or, except as would not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on Just Eat Takeaway.com or prevent or materially delay or impair the ability of Just Eat Takeaway.com, Merger Sub I or Merger Sub II to complete the mergers, organizational documents of any Just Eat Takeaway.com subsidiary;
adopt a plan or agreement of complete or partial liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or reincorporation in another jurisdiction, other than transactions involving Just Eat Takeaway.com’s subsidiaries other than Merger Sub I or Merger Sub II if such transactions would not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on Just Eat Takeaway.com or prevent or materially delay or impair the ability of Just Eat Takeaway.com, Merger Sub I or Merger Sub II to complete the mergers; or
agree in writing to take any of the foregoing actions or fail to take any action that would result in the foregoing.
In addition, each of Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub has agreed to promptly advise the other of (1) the occurrence or non-occurrence of any event that would reasonably be expected to cause any condition to the obligations of any party to effect the mergers not to be satisfied or (2) the failure of any party to comply with or satisfy any covenant, condition or agreement to be complied with or satisfied by it pursuant to the Merger Agreement which would reasonably be expected to result in any condition to the obligations of any party to effect the mergers not to be satisfied.
No Solicitation of Takeover or Alternative Proposals
Each of Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com agreed to cease and to cause their respective subsidiaries and their respective officers, directors and employees and to use reasonable best efforts to cause their respective other representatives, including outside advisors, to cease all existing discussions, negotiations and communications with any person with respect to any takeover proposal (as defined below). Each of Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com have agreed, except as otherwise provided in the Merger Agreement, not to, and not to authorize or permit any of its subsidiaries or any of its or their respective officers, directors, employees or representatives to, directly or indirectly:
initiate, seek, solicit or knowingly encourage (including by way of furnishing any non-public information), knowingly induce or knowingly facilitate or take any other action which would reasonably be expected to lead to the making, submission or announcement of any takeover proposal, with respect to such party;
engage or participate in negotiations or discussions with, or provide any non-public information or non-public data to, any person (other than the parties to the Merger Agreement and their respective officers, directors, employees or representatives) relating to any takeover proposal or grant any waiver or release under any standstill or other agreement (except that if the Grubhub Board or the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board, as applicable,
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determines or determine in good faith (after consultation with outside counsel) that the failure to grant any waiver or release would be inconsistent with such party’s directors’ fiduciary duties under applicable law, such party may waive any such standstill provision in order to permit a third party to make a takeover proposal); or
resolve to take any of the actions described in the preceding two bullet points.
Additionally, Grubhub agreed to (1) within 24 hours of the date of the Merger Agreement, terminate all physical and electronic data room access previously granted to any third party and (2) within five Business Days of the date of the Merger Agreement, request the return or destruction of all confidential, non-public information provided to third parties that have entered into confidentiality agreements relating to a possible Grubhub takeover proposal with Grubhub or any of its subsidiaries.
Notwithstanding these restrictions, the Merger Agreement provides that at any time prior to obtaining each party’s shareholder or stockholder approvals, if such party receives a written takeover proposal from a third party, which was not initiated, sought, solicited or knowingly encouraged, induced or facilitated in material violation of the restrictions outlined above, and, with respect to the second and third bullets below, such party’s board or boards, as applicable, determines or determine in good faith (after consultation with its or their outside counsel and financial advisor) that such takeover proposal constitutes or would reasonably be expected to lead to a “superior proposal” (as defined below), then such party may:
contact the person who has made such takeover proposal and its representatives in order to clarify the terms of such takeover proposal so that such party’s board or boards, as applicable, may inform itself or themselves about such takeover proposal;
furnish information concerning its business, properties or assets to the person who made such takeover proposal and its representatives pursuant to a confidentiality agreement that meets certain requirements set forth in the Merger Agreement (provided that all such information has previously been furnished to the other party to the Merger Agreement or is furnished to the other party prior to or substantially concurrently with the time it is furnished to such person); and
negotiate and participate in discussions and negotiations with the person who has made such takeover proposal and its representatives concerning such takeover proposal.
The Merger Agreement also requires each of Grubhub and Just Eat Takeaway.com to:
promptly (and in any case within one Business Day) provide the other party notice of (1) the receipt of any takeover proposal, including a copy of such takeover proposal, and (2) any inquiries, proposals or offers received by, any requests for non-public information from, or any discussions or negotiations sought to be initiated or continued concerning a takeover proposal or that would reasonably be expected to lead to a takeover proposal, and disclose the identity of the other party (or parties) and the material terms of such inquiry, offer, proposal or request and, in the case of written materials, provide copies of any such substantive materials;
promptly (and in any case within one Business Day) make available to the other party copies of all substantive written materials provided by such party to the third party but not previously made available to the other party; and
keep the other party informed on a reasonably prompt basis (and, in any case, within one Business Day of any significant development) of the status and material details (including amendments and proposed amendments) of any such takeover proposal or other inquiry, offer, proposal or request.
A “takeover proposal” means, with respect to each of Grubhub (a “Grubhub takeover proposal”) and Just Eat Takeaway.com (a “Just Eat Takeaway.com takeover proposal”), a proposal or offer from any person (other than the other party) providing for any:
merger, consolidation, share exchange, business combination, recapitalization or similar transaction involving such party or any of its subsidiaries, pursuant to which any person (or the stockholders of such person) or group would own or control, directly or indirectly, 20% or more of the voting power of such party;
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sale, lease, license, dissolution or other disposition, directly or indirectly, of assets of such party (including the equity interests of any of its subsidiaries) or any subsidiary of such party representing 20% or more of the consolidated assets, revenues or EBITDA of such party and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, as of or for the fiscal year ending, as appropriate, 31 December 2019, or to which 20% or more of such party’s revenues, earnings or assets on a consolidated basis are attributable, taken as a whole, as of or for the fiscal year ending, as appropriate, 31 December 2019;
issuance or sale or other disposition of such party’s securities representing 20% or more of the voting power of such party;
tender offer, exchange offer or any other transaction or series of transactions in which any person (or the stockholders of such person) or group will acquire, directly or indirectly, beneficial ownership or the right to acquire beneficial ownership of party’s securities representing 20% or more of the voting power of such party; or
any combination of the foregoing.
A “superior proposal” means, with respect to a party, any bona fide written takeover proposal (provided that for purposes of this definition references to 20% in the definition of “takeover proposal” shall be deemed to be references to 50%) which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board or the Grubhub Board, as applicable, determine or determines in good faith (after consultation with their or its outside counsel and financial advisor) to be (1) more favorable to such party’s stockholders from a financial point of view than the mergers and the other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement and (2) reasonably likely to be completed on the terms proposed, in each case, taking into account all relevant circumstances, including the various legal, financial and regulatory aspects of the proposal, all the terms and conditions of such proposal and the Merger Agreement and any changes to the terms of the Merger Agreement offered by the other party in response to such takeover proposal.
Recommendation of the Grubhub Board
Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, Grubhub has agreed, through the Grubhub Board, to recommend that Grubhub Stockholders adopt the Merger Agreement (the “Grubhub recommendation”) and to include the Grubhub recommendation in this proxy statement/prospectus, except as described below.
The Merger Agreement provides that, subject to the exceptions described below, neither the Grubhub Board nor any committee of the Grubhub Board will:
withhold or withdraw (or qualify or modify in any manner adverse to Just Eat Takeaway.com), or propose publicly to withhold or withdraw (or qualify or modify in any manner adverse to Just Eat Takeaway.com), the Grubhub recommendation;
adopt, approve, recommend or declare advisable, or propose publicly to adopt, approve, recommend or declare advisable, a Grubhub takeover proposal;
fail to include the Grubhub recommendation in this proxy statement/prospectus;
if any Grubhub takeover proposal structured as a tender offer or exchange offer is commenced, fail to recommend against acceptance of such tender offer or exchange offer by Grubhub Stockholders within ten Business Days of the commencement thereof (or any material modification thereto) pursuant to Rule 14d-2 promulgated under the Exchange Act;
fail to publicly reaffirm the Grubhub recommendation within ten Business Days after receiving a written request to do so from Just Eat Takeaway.com if any Grubhub takeover proposal or any material modification thereto shall have been publicly made, sent or given to Grubhub Stockholders (or, if sooner, prior to the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting); or
cause or permit Grubhub to enter into any agreement, letter of intent, memorandum of understanding, agreement in principle or other contract with respect to any Grubhub takeover proposal.
If, at any time prior to obtaining the Grubhub Stockholder Approval, the Grubhub Board (or any duly authorized committee thereof) receives a Grubhub takeover proposal that it determines in good faith (after consultation with its outside counsel and financial advisor) constitutes a superior proposal, the Grubhub Board
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(or any duly authorized committee thereof) may (1) take any of the actions outlined in the bullets above (any such action, a “Grubhub adverse recommendation change”) or (2) authorize Grubhub to terminate the Merger Agreement in order to enter into a definitive written agreement providing for a superior proposal (an “alternative acquisition agreement”), in the case of each of items (1) and (2), if (a) the Grubhub Board (or any duly authorized committee thereof) determines in good faith (after consultation with its outside counsel and financial advisor) that the failure to take such action would be inconsistent with Grubhub’s directors’ fiduciary duties under applicable law; (b) Grubhub has notified Just Eat Takeaway.com in writing that it intends to effect a Grubhub adverse recommendation change or terminate the Merger Agreement (which notice shall not constitute a Grubhub adverse recommendation change), including if applicable a copy of the proposed alternative acquisition agreement between Grubhub and the person making such superior proposal; (c) for a period of four Business Days following the delivery of such notice, Grubhub has made its representatives available to discuss and negotiate in good faith (in each case, to the extent Just Eat Takeaway.com desires to negotiate) with Just Eat Takeaway.com’s representatives any proposed modifications to the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement so that such takeover proposal no longer constitutes a superior proposal or the failure to take such action would no longer be inconsistent with Grubhub’s directors’ fiduciary duties under applicable law (and any amendment to any material term or condition of any superior proposal shall require a new notice and a new negotiation period (except that such new negotiation period shall be for two Business Days)); and (d) no earlier than the end of such negotiation period, the Grubhub Board (or any duly authorized committee thereof) shall have determined in good faith (after consultation with its outside counsel and financial advisor), after considering the terms of any proposed amendment or modification to the Merger Agreement, that (x) such takeover proposal would still constitute a superior proposal and (y) the failure to take such action would still be inconsistent with Grubhub’s directors’ fiduciary duties under applicable law.
Other than in connection with a superior proposal, prior to obtaining the Grubhub Stockholder Approval, the Grubhub Board (or any duly authorized committee thereof) may effect a Grubhub adverse recommendation change, but only in response to an intervening event (as defined below) and only if (1) the Grubhub Board (or any duly authorized committee thereof) determines in good faith (after consultation with its outside counsel and financial advisor) that the failure to take such action would be inconsistent with Grubhub’s directors’ fiduciary duties under applicable law; (2) Grubhub has notified Just Eat Takeaway.com in writing that it intends to effect an adverse recommendation change due to the occurrence of an intervening event (which notice shall specify and describe such intervening event in reasonable detail and which notice shall not constitute a Grubhub adverse recommendation change); (3) for a period of four Business Days following the delivery of such notice, Grubhub has made its representatives available to discuss and negotiate in good faith (in each case to the extent Just Eat Takeaway.com desires to negotiate), with Just Eat Takeaway.com representatives any proposed modifications to the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement so that the failure to take such action would no longer be inconsistent with Grubhub’s directors’ fiduciary duties under applicable law (and any material change to the facts and circumstances relating to an intervening event will require a new notice and a new negotiation period (except that such new negotiation period shall be for two Business Days)); and (4) no earlier than the end of the negotiation period, the Grubhub Board (or any duly authorized committee thereof) shall have determined in good faith (after consultation with its outside counsel and financial advisor), after considering the terms of any proposed amendment or modification to the Merger Agreement, that the failure to take such action would still be inconsistent with Grubhub’s directors’ fiduciary duties under applicable law.
An “intervening event” means, with respect to Grubhub or Just Eat Takeaway.com, a material event or circumstance with respect to the applicable party or any of their respective subsidiaries that was neither known nor reasonably foreseeable by such party’s board or boards, as applicable, as of the date of the Merger Agreement (or if known or reasonably foreseeable, the consequences of which were not known or reasonably foreseeable by such board or boards, as applicable, as of the date of the Merger Agreement), which event or circumstance, or any consequence thereof, becomes known to such board or boards, as applicable, prior to obtaining such party’s shareholder or stockholder approval. However, the following shall not constitute an intervening event or be taken into account in determining whether an intervening event has occurred:
the receipt, existence or terms of any inquiry, offer or proposal that constitutes or would reasonably be expected to lead to, a takeover proposal or any matter relating thereto;
any event or circumstance arising in connection with obtaining regulatory approvals;
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any change in the market price, or change in trading volume, of the capital stock of any party (however the events or circumstances giving rise or contributing to such change may be deemed to constitute an intervening event or be taken into accounting in determining whether an intervening event has occurred); or
the fact that any party or any of their respective subsidiaries exceeds or fails to meet internal, analysts’ or other earnings estimates or financial projections or forecasts for any period, or any changes in credit ratings and any changes in any analysts’ recommendations or ratings with respect to Grubhub, Just Eat Takeaway.com or any of their respective subsidiaries (however, the events or circumstances giving rise or contributing thereto may be deemed to constitute an intervening event or be taken into accounting in determining whether an intervening event has occurred).
Recommendation of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Boards
Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, Just Eat Takeaway.com has agreed, through the Just Eat Takeaway.com Boards, to recommend that its shareholders approve the transaction proposals, the board nominations and the pre-emptive rights authorization (collectively, the “Just Eat Takeaway.com recommendation”).
The Merger Agreement provides that, subject to the exceptions described below, neither the Just Eat Takeaway.com Boards nor any committee thereof will:
withhold or withdraw (or qualify or modify in any manner adverse to Grubhub), or propose publicly to withhold or withdraw (or qualify or modify in any manner adverse to Grubhub), the Just Eat Takeaway.com recommendation;
adopt, approve, recommend or declare advisable, or propose publicly to adopt, approve, recommend or declare advisable, a Just Eat Takeaway.com takeover proposal;
fail to include the Just Eat Takeaway.com recommendation in this proxy statement/prospectus;
if any Just Eat Takeaway.com takeover proposal structured as a public offer (openbaar bod) is commenced, or if the intention to make such an offer is announced, fail to recommend against acceptance of such offer by Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders within ten Business Days of the commencement or announcement, as applicable, thereof (or any material modification thereto);
fail to publicly reaffirm the Just Eat Takeaway.com recommendation within ten Business Days after receiving a written request to do so from Grubhub if any Just Eat Takeaway.com takeover proposal or any material modification thereto shall have been publicly made, sent or given to Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders (or, if sooner, prior to the Extraordinary General Meeting); or
cause or permit Just Eat Takeaway.com to enter into any agreement, letter of intent, memorandum of understanding, agreement in principle or other contract with respect to any Just Eat Takeaway.com takeover proposal.
If, at any time prior to obtaining the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder Approval, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Boards (or any duly authorized committee thereof) receive a takeover proposal that they determine in good faith (after consultation with their outside counsel and financial advisor) constitutes a superior proposal, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Boards (or any duly authorized committee thereof) may (1) take any of the actions outlined in the bullets above (any such action, a “Just Eat Takeaway.com adverse recommendation change”) or (2) authorize Just Eat Takeaway.com to terminate the Merger Agreement in order to enter into a definitive written agreement providing for a superior proposal (an “alternative acquisition agreement”), in the case of each of items (1) and (2), if (a) the Just Eat Takeaway.com Boards (or any duly authorized committee thereof) determine in good faith (after consultation with their outside counsel and financial advisor) that the failure to take such action would be inconsistent with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors’ and Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors’ fiduciary duties under applicable law; (b) Just Eat Takeaway.com has notified Grubhub in writing that it intends to effect a Just Eat Takeaway.com adverse recommendation change or terminate the Merger Agreement (which notice shall not constitute a Just Eat Takeaway.com adverse recommendation change), including if applicable a copy of the proposed alternative acquisition agreement between Just Eat Takeaway.com and the person making such superior proposal; (c) for a period of four Business Days following the delivery of such notice, Just Eat Takeaway.com has made its representatives available to discuss and negotiate in good faith (in each case, to the extent Grubhub desires to negotiate) with Grubhub’s
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representatives any proposed modifications to the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement so that such takeover proposal no longer constitutes a superior proposal or the failure to take such action would no longer be inconsistent with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors’ and Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors’ fiduciary duties under applicable law (and any amendment to any material term or condition of any superior proposal shall require a new notice and a new negotiation period (except that such new negotiation period shall be for two Business Days)); and (d) no earlier than the end of such negotiation period, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Boards (or any duly authorized committee thereof) shall have determined in good faith (after consultation with their outside counsel and financial advisor), after considering the terms of any proposed amendment or modification to the Merger Agreement, that (x) such takeover proposal would still constitute a superior proposal and (y) the failure to take such action would still be inconsistent with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors’ and Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors’ fiduciary duties under applicable law.
Other than in connection with a superior proposal, prior to obtaining the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder Approval, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board (or any duly authorized committee thereof) may effect a Just Eat Takeaway.com adverse recommendation change, but only in response to an intervening event and only if (1) the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board (or any duly authorized committee thereof) determine in good faith (after consultation with their outside counsel and financial advisor) that the failure to take such action would be inconsistent with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors’ and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors’ fiduciary duties under applicable law; (2) Just Eat Takeaway.com has notified Grubhub in writing that it intends to effect an adverse recommendation change due to the occurrence of an intervening event (which notice shall specify and describe such intervening event in reasonable detail and which notice shall not constitute a Just Eat Takeaway.com adverse recommendation change); (3) for a period of four Business Days following the delivery of such notice, Just Eat Takeaway.com has made its representatives available to discuss and negotiate in good faith (in each case to the extent Grubhub desires to negotiate), with Grubhub representatives any proposed modifications to the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement so that the failure to take such action would no longer be inconsistent with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors’ and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors’ fiduciary duties under applicable law (and any material change to the facts and circumstances relating to an intervening event will require a new notice and a new negotiation period (except that such new negotiation period shall be for two Business Days)); and (4) no earlier than the end of the negotiation period, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board (or any duly authorized committee thereof) determine in good faith (after consultation with their outside counsel and financial advisor), after considering the terms of any proposed amendment or modification to the Merger Agreement, that the failure to take such action would still be inconsistent with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors’ fiduciary duties under applicable law.
Efforts to Obtain Required Shareholder Votes
Grubhub has agreed to hold the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting as promptly as reasonably practicable after this registration statement filed on Form F-4, of which this proxy statement/prospectus forms a part, has been declared effective for the purpose of obtaining the Grubhub Stockholder Approval. Grubhub is required to use its reasonable best efforts to obtain the Grubhub Stockholder Approval, including by actively soliciting proxies, except to the extent that the Grubhub Board has changed its recommendation as permitted by the Merger Agreement or terminated the agreement in order to enter into an alternative acquisition agreement (as described in “—Recommendation of the Grubhub Board” beginning on page 158 of this proxy statement/prospectus). The Grubhub Board has adopted resolutions approving the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby and recommending that Grubhub Stockholders vote “FOR” the adoption of the Merger Agreement.
Just Eat Takeaway.com also agreed to hold the Extraordinary General Meeting as promptly as reasonably practicable for the purpose of obtaining the required Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder approvals (which Extraordinary General Meeting was held on 7 October 2020 as described elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus). Just Eat Takeaway.com is required to use its reasonable best efforts to obtain Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders’ approval of the transaction proposals, the board nominations and the pre-emptive rights authorization, including actively engaging with and seeking the support of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders, except to the extent that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Boards have changed their recommendation as
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permitted by the Merger Agreement or terminated the Merger Agreement in order to enter into an alternative acquisition agreement (as described in “—Recommendation of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Boards” beginning on page 160 of this proxy statement/prospectus). The Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors have approved resolutions approving and adopting the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby and recommending that Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders approve the Merger Agreement, authorize the Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors to issue the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, approve the board nominations and approve the pre-emptive rights authorization. At the Extraordinary General Meeting held on 7 October 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders approved the transaction proposals, the board nominations and the pre-emptive rights authorization.
Efforts to Complete the Transaction
Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub have each agreed in the Merger Agreement to cooperate and use their respective reasonable best efforts to promptly:
take, or cause to be taken, all actions, and do, or cause to be done, and to assist and cooperate with the other parties in doing, all things necessary, proper or advisable to cause the conditions to complete the mergers to be satisfied as promptly as reasonably practicable and to consummate and make effective as promptly as reasonably practicable, the mergers and other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, including preparing and filing promptly and fully all documentation to effect all necessary filings, notices, petitions, statements, registrations, submissions of information, applications and other documents;
obtain all approvals, consents, registrations, waivers, permits, authorizations, orders and other confirmations from any governmental authority or third party necessary, proper or advisable to consummate the mergers and the other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement;
execute and deliver any additional instruments necessary, proper or advisable to complete the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement; and
defend or contest in good faith any action brought by a third party that could otherwise prevent or impede, interfere with, hinder or delay in any material respect, the completion of the mergers and other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, other than with respect to antitrust laws and approval by CFIUS, neither party is obligated to pay any material amount of consideration or make any material accommodation in favor of any third party (other than a governmental authority) from whom any such approval, consent or other authorization is sought, other than customary processing fees. Additionally, the foregoing efforts shall not apply with respect to filings, notices, approvals, consents or other confirmations relating to antitrust laws or CFIUS approval, which are described below.
In connection with the receipt of governmental consents related to antitrust or CFIUS approval, each party agreed to supply as promptly as reasonably practicable any additional information and documentary material that may be requested pursuant to antitrust law or by CFIUS and to promptly take any and all steps necessary to avoid or eliminate each and every impediment and obtain all consent under any laws that may be required by any governmental authority with competent jurisdiction so as to enable the parties to consummate the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement as promptly as reasonably practicable and in any event prior to the end date (as described below in “—Termination of the Merger Agreement” beginning on page 168 of this proxy statement/prospectus). Additionally, Just Eat Takeaway.com has agreed to promptly take all actions necessary to secure, as soon as practicable, the expiration or termination of any applicable waiting period under antitrust laws and obtain CFIUS approval, and all approvals or expiration of applicable waiting periods under any other applicable law. Just Eat Takeaway.com has also agreed to resolve any objections asserted with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement under any applicable law raised by any government authority that would prevent, prohibit, restrict or delay the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, including:
executing settlements, undertakings, consent decrees, stipulations or other agreements with any governmental authority or with any other person;
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selling, divesting or otherwise conveying or holding separate particular assets or categories of assets or businesses of Just Eat Takeaway.com and its subsidiaries;
agreeing to sell, divest or otherwise convey or hold separate any particular assets or categories of assets or businesses of Grubhub and its subsidiaries contemporaneously with or subsequent to Completion;
permitting Grubhub to sell, divest or otherwise convey or hold separate any of the particular assets or categories of assets or businesses of Grubhub or any of its subsidiaries,
terminating existing relationships, contractual rights or obligations of Grubhub or Just Eat Takeaway.com or their respective subsidiaries;
terminating any joint venture or other arrangement of Grubhub or Just Eat Takeaway.com or their respective subsidiaries;
creating any relationship, contractual right or obligation of Grubhub or Just Eat Takeaway.com or their respective subsidiaries;
agreeing to change or modify any course of conduct, or otherwise limit freedom of action, regarding the operations or governance of Grubhub or Just Eat Takeaway.com or their respective subsidiaries;
effectuating any other change or restructuring of Grubhub or Just Eat Takeaway.com or their respective subsidiaries (and, in each case, entering into agreements or stipulating to the entry of any judgment by, or filing appropriate applications with, the FTC, the DOJ, CFIUS or any other governmental authority in connection with any of the foregoing and, in the case of actions by or with respect to Grubhub, by consenting to such action by Grubhub);
taking any actions or making any behavioral commitments that may limit or modify Grubhub’s, Just Eat Takeaway.com’s or their respective subsidiaries’ rights of ownership in, or ability to conduct the business of, or with respect to one or more of their respective operations, divisions, businesses, product lines, specific products, categories of products, consumers, specific assets or categories of assets; and
defending through litigation any claim asserted in court or administrative or other tribunal by any person (including any governmental authority) in order to avoid entry of, or to have vacated or terminated any restraint that would prevent Completion prior to the end date.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, none of those obligations shall (1) require any party to the Merger Agreement to take, accept or agree to, (2) permit Grubhub or any of its subsidiaries, without the prior written consent of Just Eat Takeaway.com to take, accept or agree to or (3) require Just Eat Takeaway.com to consent to Grubhub or any of its subsidiaries taking, accepting or agreeing to, any restrictions if such restrictions, individually or in the aggregate with all other actions undertaken with respect to the regulatory matters contemplated above, would reasonably be expected to result in a material adverse effect on the business, operations, results of operations, assets, liabilities or condition (financial or otherwise) of Just Eat Takeaway.com and its subsidiaries (including for these purposes Grubhub and its subsidiaries), taken as a whole, following Completion.
Just Eat Takeaway.com will, after consulting with and considering in good faith the views of Grubhub, direct and control all matters in connection with respect to antitrust laws, CFIUS approval or any other applicable law raised by a governmental authority seeking a restraint on the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement.
Each party will use its reasonable best efforts to:
cooperate in all respects with the other party, including furnishing such necessary information and assistance as the other may reasonably request, in connection with any filing or submission with a governmental authority in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement and in connection with any investigation or other inquiry by or before a governmental authority relating to the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, including any proceeding initiated by a private person;
give prompt notice to the other party of and, if in writing, furnish the others with copies of (or, in the case of oral communications, advise the others of the contents of) any communication received from a
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governmental authority or any private person whose consent is or may be required in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement (or who alleges as much) in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement;
prior to submitting certain materials to a governmental authority or private person whose consent is or may be required in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement (or who alleges as much) in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, allow the other party to review and discuss such materials in advance of submission, and consider in good faith the comments of the other party in connection with, any such materials;
keep one another reasonably informed as to the status of and the processes and proceedings relating to obtaining such consents and approvals; and
not independently participate in any substantive meeting, hearing, proceeding or discussions with or before a governmental authority in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, without giving the other party or their counsel reasonable prior notice, and if permitted by such governmental authority, the opportunity to attend or participate.
Indemnification and Insurance
Under the terms of the Merger Agreement, Just Eat Takeaway.com has agreed to cause the initial surviving company and the final surviving company to, from and after the first effective time until the sixth anniversary of the first effective time, indemnify, defend and hold harmless, each current and former director, officer and employee of Grubhub and any subsidiary of Grubhub and each person who served as a director, officer, member, trustee or fiduciary of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, pension or other employee benefit plan or enterprise if such service was at the request or for the benefit of Grubhub or any of its subsidiaries (each, an “indemnified party”) against all claims, liabilities, losses, damages, judgments, fines, penalties, costs (including amounts paid in settlement or compromise) and expenses (including fees and expenses of legal counsel) in connection with any actual or threatened claim, suit, action, inquiry, proceeding or investigation (whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative) arising out of, relating to or in connection with any action or omission relating to indemnified party’s position with Grubhub or Grubhub’s subsidiaries with respect to any matters existing or occurring at or prior to the effective time of the initial merger to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law and Grubhub’s articles of incorporation and bylaws as of the date of the Merger Agreement (“Grubhub’s organizational documents”) and to assume all obligations of Grubhub and its subsidiaries to the indemnified parties in respect of limitation of liability, exculpation, indemnification and advancement of expenses as provided in the Grubhub’s organizational documents and any applicable indemnification agreements.
For a period of six years following the effective time of the initial merger, Just Eat Takeaway.com will cause to be maintained in effect at least the same coverage provided by the policies of a directors and officers liability insurance and fiduciary liability insurance in effect as of the date of the Merger Agreement maintained by Grubhub and its subsidiaries with respect to matters arising on or before the effective time of the initial merger either through Grubhub’s existing insurance provider or another provider. However, Just Eat Takeaway.com is not required to pay annual premiums in excess of 300% of the last annual premium paid by Grubhub, but Just Eat Takeaway.com must purchase as much coverage as reasonably practical for such maximum premium. Alternatively and in lieu of the foregoing, Grubhub may at any time purchase “tail” insurance coverage at a cost no greater than the aggregate amount Just Eat Takeaway.com would be required to spend under the Merger Agreement, that provides coverage no materially less favorable than the coverage described in the preceding sentences of this paragraph.
Employee Benefit Matters
The Merger Agreement requires that, until the later of (i) the one year anniversary of the first effective time and (ii) 31 December 2021 (the “continuation period”) Just Eat Takeaway.com will generally provide each employee of Grubhub and its subsidiaries with:
annual base salary or base wages that are no less favorable than those provided to such employee immediately before the first effective time;
cash and equity incentive compensation opportunities that are no less favorable than what was provided to such employee immediately before the first effective time;
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employee benefits that are comparable in the aggregate to those provided to such employee immediately before the first effective time (excluding defined benefit pension, post-employment health and welfare benefits, equity-based compensation and change of control, retention or other one-off awards); and
with respect to each continuing employee whose employment terminates during the continuation period, severance pay and benefits at levels equal to the greater of those provided under (x) Grubhub severance policies and (y) Just Eat Takeaway.com’s severance policies that are applicable to similarly situated employees of Just Eat Takeaway.com.
Just Eat Takeaway.com will credit, for all purposes other than defined benefit pension accrual, under Just Eat Takeaway.com’s employee benefit plans providing benefits to Grubhub employees continuing with Just Eat Takeaway.com after the first effective time, each such employee’s years of service with Grubhub or any of its subsidiaries, so long as that recognition does not result in the duplication of benefits.
Just Eat Takeaway.com has also agreed to continue Grubhub’s annual incentive plans for the performance period during which the first effective time occurs through the end of the applicable performance period and pay each eligible employee the bonus to which such employee would be entitled for such performance period based on actual performance, and otherwise in accordance with the terms of such plans.
Equity Based Compensation
Assumed options. At the first effective time, each outstanding option that represents the right to acquire Grubhub Shares (each, a “Grubhub option”) will be converted into an option (each, an “assumed option”) to purchase a number of Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs (or Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, as determined by Just Eat Takeaway.com acting reasonably) (rounded down to the nearest whole Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS or Just Eat Takeaway.com Share) equal to the product of (1) the number of Grubhub Shares subject to such Grubhub option immediately prior to the first effective time and (2) the exchange ratio divided by the ADS ratio, at an exercise price per share (rounded up to the nearest whole cent) equal to (A) the exercise price per share of such stock option immediately prior to the first effective time divided by (B) the exchange ratio divided by the ADS ratio.
Assumed RSUs. At the first effective time, each outstanding restricted stock unit with respect to Grubhub Shares (each, a “Grubhub RSU”) will be converted into a restricted stock unit of Just Eat Takeaway.com (each, an “assumed RSU”) with respect to a number of Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs (or Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, as determined by Just Eat Takeaway.com acting reasonably) (rounded to the nearest number of whole Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS or Just Eat Takeaway.com Share) equal to the product of (1) the number of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares subject to the Grubhub RSU immediately prior to the first effective time and (2) the exchange ratio divided by the ADS ratio.
Just Eat Takeaway.com may substitute Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares for Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs as the security underlying the assumed options or assumed RSUs. In such case, the number of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying such assumed options or assumed RSUs will equal the product of (i) the number of Grubhub Shares subject to such Grubhub option or Gruhhub RSU as of immediately prior to the first effective time and (ii) the exchange ratio, rounded down to the nearest number of whole Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares in the case of assumed options or rounded to the nearest number of whole Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares in the case of assumed RSUs, and the exercise price per share of each assumed option will be equal to (x) the exercise price per share of the corresponding Grubhub option divided by (y) the exchange ratio, rounded up to the nearest whole cent.
Each assumed option and assumed RSU will be subject to the same terms and conditions (including vesting) as the Grubhub option or Grubhub RSU to which such award relates, except that, at the election of Just Eat Takeaway.com, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying such converted awards, may upon exercise of the assumed option or settlement of the assumed RSU be deposited in Stichting Administratiekantoor Takeaway.com (the “STAK”), which shall hold such Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares on behalf of the former holder of such assumed option or assumed RSU, and exercise all voting rights with respect to such Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, and such former holder shall receive one STAK depository receipt in respect of each Just Eat
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Takeaway.com Share deposited. Each STAK depository receipt shall entitle the holder thereof to all economic benefits of the underlying Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and, subject to any blackout or restrictions under applicable law, entitle the holder thereof to direct the STAK to sell the underlying Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and transfer the proceeds to the holder thereof.
Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board and Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board Following the Transaction
Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, Just Eat Takeaway.com will take all actions necessary to cause (i) the size of the Supervisory Board to be increased by two Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors, to be selected by Grubhub, to be appointed as members of the Supervisory Board upon the first effective time (the “Grubhub Supervisory Board nominees”) and (ii) the size of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board to be increased by one Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Director, selected by Grubhub, to be appointed as member of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board upon the first effective time (the “Grubhub Management Board nominee”). The Grubhub Supervisory Board nominees and the Grubhub Management Board nominee must continue to be members of the Grubhub Board as of immediately prior to Completion. Grubhub has selected Matthew Maloney to be the Grubhub Management Board nominee and Lloyd Frink and David Fisher as the Grubhub Supervisory Board nominees. On 7 October 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders adopted the necessary resolutions for the appointment of the Grubhub Supervisory Board nominees to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board and the appointment of the Grubhub Management Board nominee to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board, in each case effective upon Completion and for a term until the end of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s annual General Meeting held in 2021. At Just Eat Takeaway’s annual General Meeting for 2021, which is expected to be held on 12 May 2021, it is proposed that each of Messrs. Frink and Fisher be re-appointed as members of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s Supervisory Board and that Mr. Maloney be re-appointed as a member of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s Management Board, in each case effective upon Completion and for a term until the end of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s annual General Meeting to be held in 2022.
Other Covenants and Agreements
The Merger Agreement contains certain other covenants and agreements, including covenants relating to:
cooperation between Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub in the preparation of this proxy statement/prospectus, the registration statement on Form 8-A for the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, the registration statement on Form F-6 for the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, the Circular and the European Prospectus;
cooperation among the parties in connection with public announcements;
confidentiality and access by each party to certain information about the other party during the period prior to Completion;
the establishment by Just Eat Takeaway.com of a sponsored ADR program for the Just Eat Takeaway.com issuance of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs;
Just Eat Takeaway.com to cause, (1) a sufficient number of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs issued as the merger consideration and to be approved for listing on the NYSE or Nasdaq, subject to official notice of issuance and (2) the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares to be approved for admission to (a) listing on the UK Official List and to trading on the London Stock Exchange’s main market for listed securities and (b) listing and trading on Euronext Amsterdam, in each case to the extent any Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares are then listed on such exchange;
cooperation between Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub in connection with any litigation or claim brought or threatened relating to the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement; and
cooperation between Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub to delist the Grubhub Shares from the NYSE and terminate its registration under the Exchange Act following Completion.
Conditions to the Mergers
The obligations of each of Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub to complete the mergers are subject to the satisfaction or, to the extent legally permissible, waiver on or prior to Completion of the following Conditions:
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receipt of the Grubhub Stockholder Approval;
receipt of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder approval of (a) the resolution to pursue the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement under Section 2:107a of the Dutch Civil Code, (b) the resolution to delegate authority to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board to issue the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and (c) the terms of the Merger Agreement, in each case, by a majority of the votes validly cast by Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders at a General Meeting (clauses (a), (b) and (c) together, the “Just Eat Takeaway.com Transactions Approvals”);
binding nominations for the appointment of the Grubhub Management Board nominee and the Grubhub Supervisory Board nominees not having been overruled by more than half of the votes validly cast, such number of votes representing more than one-third of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s issued share capital, at a General Meeting (the “Just Eat Takeaway.com Board Nominee Approval” and, together with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Transactions Approval, the “Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder Approval”);
the expiration or termination of the applicable waiting period under the HSR Act (the “HSR Condition”), satisfaction of the condition relating to the UK Competition and Markets Authority (“CMA”) (the “CMA Condition”) and receipt of written notification from CFIUS indicating the Transaction is not subject to further review or expiration of any applicable waiting period;
the absence of any legal restraints that prevent, make illegal or prohibit Completion;
the approval for listing of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs issuable as the merger consideration on the NYSE or Nasdaq (subject to official notice of issuance);
the approval for admission of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares to (1) listing on the UK Official List and to trading on the London Stock Exchange’s main market for listed securities and (2) listing and trading on Euronext Amsterdam, in each case to the extent any Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares are then listed on such exchange;
effectiveness (1) declared by the SEC of the registration statement filed on Form F-4 of which this proxy statement/prospectus forms a part, (2) declared by the SEC of the registration statement on Form F-6 and (3) of the registration statement on Form 8-A (and the absence of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of such registration statements or any proceedings seeking such a stop order); and
the approval of the European Prospectus by the AFM and the FCA, in each case if then applicable, and if then applicable, the AFM’s approval of such European Prospectus having been notified to the FCA in accordance with applicable rules and regulations.
The obligations of Just Eat Takeaway.com, Merger Sub I and Merger Sub II to complete the Transaction are further subject to the satisfaction or, to the extent legally permissible, waiver on or prior to the first effective time of the following conditions:
the representations and warranties of Grubhub relating to organization, standing, corporate power, authority, noncontravention, opinion of financial advisor, brokers, and Grubhub Stockholder Approval being true and correct in all material respects as of first effective time (except to the extent expressly made as of an earlier date, in which case, as of such earlier date);
the representation and warranty of Grubhub relating to capitalization being true and correct, except for any de minimis inaccuracies taking into account the size of Grubhub, as of the first effective time (except to the extent expressly made as of an earlier date, in which case, as of such earlier date);
each other representation and warranty of Grubhub being true and correct (disregarding any “materiality” or “material adverse effect” qualifiers) as of the first effective time (except to the extent expressly made as of an earlier date, in which case, as of such earlier date), except where the failure of such representations and warranties to be so true and correct, individually and in the aggregate, has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect;
Grubhub having performed in all material respects all obligations required to be performed by it under the Merger Agreement that are required to be performed on or prior to Completion;
the absence of a material adverse effect on Grubhub since the date of the Merger Agreement; and
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receipt of an officer’s certificate executed by the chief executive officer, chief financial officer or general counsel of Grubhub certifying that the five preceding conditions have been satisfied.
The obligation of Grubhub to complete the Transaction is further subject to the satisfaction or, to the extent legally permissible, waiver on or prior to the first effective time of the following conditions:
the representations and warranties of Just Eat Takeaway.com, Merger Sub I and Merger Sub II relating to organization, standing, corporate power, authority, noncontravention, brokers, and Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder approvals being true and correct in all material respects as of the first effective time (except to the extent expressly made as of an earlier date, in which case, as of such earlier date);
the representation and warranty of Just Eat Takeaway.com, Merger Sub I and Merger Sub II relating to capitalization being true and correct in all respects, except for any de minimis inaccuracies taking into account the size of Just Eat Takeaway.com, as of the first effective time (except to the extent expressly made as of an earlier date, in which case, as of such earlier date);
each other representation and warranty of Just Eat Takeaway.com, Merger Sub I and Merger Sub II being true and correct (disregarding any “materiality” or “material adverse effect” qualifiers) as of the first effective time (except to the extent expressly made as of an earlier date, in which case, as of such earlier date), except where the failure of such representations and warranties to be so true and correct, individually and in the aggregate, has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect;
Just Eat Takeaway.com, Merger Sub I and Merger Sub II having performed in all material respects all obligations required to be performed by it under the Merger Agreement that are required to be performed on or prior to Completion;
the absence of a material adverse effect on Just Eat Takeaway.com since the date of the Merger Agreement; and
receipt of an officer’s certificate executed by the chief executive officer or chief financial officer of Just Eat Takeaway.com certifying that the five preceding conditions have been satisfied.
Pursuant to the requirements of the HSR Act, Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub filed Notification and Report Forms with respect to the Transaction with the FTC and DOJ on 24 June 2020 and requested early termination of the HSR Act waiting period. The FTC granted early termination of the HSR Act waiting period on 7 July 2020, thereby satisfying the HSR Condition. On 24 June 2020, Just Eat Takeaway.com filed a briefing paper with the CMA. On 2 July 2020, in response to the briefing paper, the CMA indicated that it had no further questions as of such date regarding the Transaction, thereby satisfying the CMA Condition. On 21 July 2020, Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub filed the joint voluntary notice with CFIUS. Approval from CFIUS was received on 3 September 2020. As a result of the foregoing, the Conditions related to antitrust and CFIUS approvals required as part of the Conditions to the Transaction have now been satisfied. However, there can be no assurances as to the absence of any litigation challenging regulatory approvals received.
On 7 October 2020 Just Eat Takeaway.com held an Extraordinary General Meeting and obtained the required approvals from Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders. The Condition relating to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder Approval has now been satisfied.
Termination of the Merger Agreement
The Merger Agreement may be terminated at any time prior to the first effective time, whether before or after receipt of the Grubhub Stockholder Approval or the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder Approval, under the following circumstances:
by mutual written consent of Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub; or
by either Just Eat Takeaway.com or Grubhub in the event that:
the first effective time has not occurred on or before 31 December 2021 (the “end date”), however, no party may terminate the Merger Agreement if the first effective time has not occurred by the end date if the Transaction has not been completed due, in whole or part, to a breach by such party of its representations and warranties or failure to perform its obligations under the Merger Agreement;
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a legal restraint that enjoins, restrains, prevents or prohibits Completion becomes final and unappealable, unless the legal restraint is due, whole or in part, to such party’s failures to perform its obligations under the Merger Agreement, including its obligations to use its reasonable best efforts to complete the Transaction and the other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement as promptly as practicable (as described above in “—Efforts to Complete the Transaction” beginning on page 162 of this proxy statement/prospectus);
the Grubhub Stockholder Approval is not obtained at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting;
the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder Approval is not obtained at the Extraordinary General Meeting;
the other party breaches or fails to perform any of its covenants or agreements in the Merger Agreement, or if the other party’s representations or warranties fail to be true and correct, in either case, such that the applicable conditions to the terminating party’s obligations to complete the Transaction would not then be satisfied and such breach is not reasonably capable of being cured by the end date or, if reasonably capable of being cured, has not been cured within 30 days after giving written notice to the other party of such breach, except that no party may terminate the Merger Agreement for this reason if such party is then in material breach of any covenant or agreement in the Merger Agreement or if such party’s representations or warranties are not true and correct such that the applicable conditions to the other party’s obligations to complete the Transaction would not then be satisfied;
prior to obtaining the approval of the other party’s shareholders required to complete the Transaction, the board or boards, as applicable, of the other party effects or effect an adverse recommendation change (as described above in “—Recommendation of the Grubhub Board” beginning on page 158 of this proxy statement/prospectus and “—Recommendation of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Boards” beginning on page 160 of this proxy statement/prospectus); or
prior to obtaining approval of the party’s stockholders or shareholders required to complete the Transaction, in order to enter into an alternative acquisition agreement (as described above in “—Recommendation of the Grubhub Board” beginning on page 158 of this proxy statement/prospectus and “—Recommendation of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Boards” beginning on page 160 of this proxy statement/prospectus).
If the Merger Agreement is terminated, the Merger Agreement will become null and void, without any liability or obligation on the part of any party, except in the case of fraud or a willful and material breach of the Merger Agreement (subject to certain limitations), and except that certain provisions of the Merger Agreement, including those relating to confidentiality, fees and expenses (including termination fees), effect of termination and certain other general provisions, will survive termination of the Merger Agreement.
Expenses and Termination Fees
Except as described below, each party will pay all fees and expenses incurred by it in connection with the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement.
If the Merger Agreement is terminated, Just Eat Takeaway.com will be entitled to receive a termination fee of $144 million from Grubhub in the event that:
Grubhub terminates the Merger Agreement in order to enter into a definitive agreement providing for a superior proposal;
the Grubhub Board, or any committee thereof, effects a Grubhub adverse recommendation change prior to obtaining the Grubhub Stockholder Approval and Just Eat Takeaway.com terminates the Merger Agreement as a result of such change in recommendation; or
(1) the Merger Agreement is terminated because the Transaction has not occurred by the end date, the Grubhub Stockholder Approval is not obtained at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting or Grubhub breached its obligations under the Merger Agreement, (2) prior to such stockholder vote (in the case of a termination due to the failure to obtain the Grubhub Stockholder Approval) or termination (in all other cases) and after the date of the Merger Agreement, a Grubhub takeover proposal that
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contemplates acquiring a majority of the capital stock or assets of Grubhub was made known to Grubhub or the Grubhub Board or was publicly disclosed and has not been abandoned or withdrawn (which abandonment or withdrawal shall be public if such Grubhub takeover proposal has been publicly disclosed) prior to the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting or termination of the Merger Agreement and (3) within 12 months after such termination, Grubhub completes or enters into a definitive agreement with respect to and subsequently completes, any Grubhub takeover proposal of such type.
If the Merger Agreement is terminated, Grubhub will be entitled to receive a termination fee of $144 million from Just Eat Takeaway.com in the event that:
Just Eat Takeaway.com terminates the Merger Agreement in order to enter into a definitive agreement providing for a superior proposal;
the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board or Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board, or any committee thereof, effects an adverse recommendation change prior to obtaining Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder Approval and Grubhub terminates the Merger Agreement as a result of such change in recommendation; or
(1) the Merger Agreement is terminated because the Transaction has not occurred by the end date, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder Approval is not obtained at the Extraordinary General Meeting or Just Eat Takeaway.com breached its obligations under the Merger Agreement, (2) prior to such shareholder vote (in the case of a termination due to the failure to obtain Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder Approval) or termination (in all other cases) and after the date of the Merger Agreement, a Just Eat Takeaway.com takeover proposal that contemplates acquiring a majority of the capital stock or assets of Just Eat Takeaway.com was made known to Just Eat Takeaway.com or the Just Eat Takeaway.com Boards or was publicly disclosed and has not been abandoned or withdrawn (which abandonment or withdrawal shall be public if such Just Eat Takeaway.com takeover proposal has been publicly disclosed) prior to the Extraordinary General Meeting or termination of the Merger Agreement and (3) within 12 months after such termination, Just Eat Takeaway.com completes or enters into a definitive agreement with respect to and subsequently completes, any Just Eat Takeaway.com takeover proposal of such type.
Amendments and Waivers
Amendment. The Merger Agreement may be amended by the parties at any time before or after receipt of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder Approval or the Grubhub Stockholder Approval. However, after the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder Approval or the Grubhub Stockholder Approval have been received, no amendment may be made that would require further approval by such shareholders or stockholders under applicable law or that reduces the merger consideration or adversely affects Grubhub Stockholders, without the approval of such shareholders or stockholders.
Waiver. At any time prior to the first effective time, any party may (1) waive any inaccuracies in the representations and warranties of any other party contained in the Merger Agreement, (2) extend the time for the performance of the obligations or other acts of the other parties contained in the Merger Agreement, (3) waive compliance by the other parties with any of the agreements contained in the Merger Agreement or (4) except as otherwise provided, waive the satisfaction of any of the conditions to such party’s obligation to effect the Transaction contained in the Merger Agreement. However, after the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder Approval or the Grubhub Stockholder Approval has been received, no amendment may be made that would require further approval by such shareholders or stockholders under applicable law or that reduces the merger consideration or adversely affects Grubhub Stockholders, without the approval of such shareholders or stockholders.
No Third-Party Beneficiaries
The Merger Agreement is not intended to confer any rights or remedies upon any person other than (1) the parties thereto and (2) if the first effective time occurs, (a) the rights of Grubhub Stockholders, holders of Grubhub options and holders of Grubhub RSUs to receive the merger consideration and (b) as described above in “—Indemnification and Insurance” beginning on page 164 of this proxy statement/prospectus, the indemnified parties.
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Enforcement
Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub have agreed in the Merger Agreement that irreparable damage would occur and that monetary damages, even if available, would not be an adequate remedy in the event that any of the provisions of the Merger Agreement are not performed in accordance with their specific terms or are otherwise breached. Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub have agreed that, prior to the termination of the Merger Agreement, they will be entitled to an injunction or injunctions to prevent breaches or threatened breaches of the Merger Agreement and to enforce specifically the terms and provisions of the Transaction, including the right of a party to cause the other parties to complete the Transaction and other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, in addition to any other remedy to which they are entitled at law or in equity. Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub have further agreed not to assert that a remedy of specific performance is unenforceable, invalid, contrary to law or inequitable for any reason. No party is required to prove damages or obtain a bond as a condition to obtaining specific performance as a remedy.
Governing Law
The Merger Agreement is governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to any choice or conflict of laws that would cause the application of the laws of any jurisdiction other than the State of Delaware, except any provision which expressly relates to the fiduciary duties of directors which arise under the laws of the Netherlands which are governed by, and construed in accordance with the laws of the Netherlands. Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub have submitted to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Delaware Court of Chancery or, to the extent that court declines to accept jurisdiction over a particular matter, any federal court located in Delaware, in the event any dispute among the parties to the Merger Agreement arises out of the Merger Agreement or the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement.
Merger Agreement Amendments
On 4 September 2020, Just Eat Takeaway.com, Grubhub, Merger Sub I and Merger Sub II entered into an amendment agreement to the Merger Agreement (the “First Merger Agreement Amendment”) extending the end date from 10 June 2021 to 31 December 2021 in order to provide additional certainty for the parties regarding the timing of the necessary steps to Completion, including the registration of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs under the Securities Act.
On 12 March 2021, Just Eat Takeaway.com, Grubhub, Merger Sub I and Merger Sub II entered into a second amendment agreement to the Merger Agreement (the “Second Merger Agreement Amendment”). The Second Merger Agreement Amendment provides that each New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS issued pursuant to the Merger Agreement will represent one-fifth of one New Just Eat Takeaway.com Share and effects certain related mechanical changes to the Merger Agreement. The Second Merger Agreement Amendment does not affect the exchange ratio used to calculate the merger consideration to which Grubhub’s stockholders are entitled under the Merger Agreement.
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THE VOTING AND SUPPORT AGREEMENT
The following summarizes the material provisions of the Voting and Support Agreement. This summary does not purport to be complete and may not contain all of the information about the Voting and Support Agreement that is important to you. The rights and obligations contained in the Voting and Support Agreement are governed by the express terms and conditions of the Voting and Support Agreement and not by this summary or any other information contained in this proxy statement/prospectus. You are urged to read the Voting and Support Agreement carefully and in its entirety, as well as this proxy statement/prospectus, before making any decisions regarding the Transaction. This summary is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Voting and Support Agreement, a copy of which is attached as Annex B to this proxy statement/prospectus and is incorporated by reference herein.
Concurrently with the execution of the Merger Agreement on 10 June 2020, as inducement for Grubhub to enter into the Merger Agreement, Grubhub entered into the Voting and Support Agreement with Jitse Groen, the CEO of Just Eat Takeaway.com and a Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder (via his personal holding company, Gribhold B.V.).
Pursuant to the Voting and Support Agreement, Mr. Groen agreed during the term of the Voting and Support Agreement to, among other things, upon the terms and subject to the conditions therein, vote or cause to be voted all of his (directly or indirectly held or otherwise beneficially owned) Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares:
in favor of (1) the resolution to pursue the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement under Section 2:107a of the Dutch Civil Code, the resolution to delegate authority to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board to issue the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and the resolution to approve the terms of the Merger Agreement, (2) the board nominations and (3) approval of the delegation of authority to exclude or limit pre-emptive rights in relation to the issuance of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares;
in favor of, at the request of Grubhub, any other matter submitted by Just Eat Takeaway.com related to the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement (with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Boards recommending that Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders vote to approve such matter);
against any Just Eat Takeaway.com takeover proposal or any agreement providing for any Just Eat Takeaway.com takeover proposal or any other matter submitted for shareholder approval at the Extraordinary General Meeting related to a Just Eat Takeaway.com takeover proposal;
against any proposal, action or agreement that would reasonably be expected to (1) prevent or nullify any provision of the Voting and Support Agreement, (2) result in a material breach of any covenant, representation, warranty or any other obligation or agreement contained in the Merger Agreement or the Voting and Support Agreement, (3) result in any Condition not being satisfied or (4) prevent or materially delay, frustrate or impede the approval, implementation or consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, or any of the documentation or transactions included in, contemplated by, or in connection with, the Merger Agreement or the Voting and Support Agreement.
Mr. Groen has also agreed, subject to certain exceptions, not to sell or otherwise transfer his (directly or indirectly held or otherwise beneficially owned) Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares.
The Voting and Support Agreement will terminate upon the earliest of (1) the mutual written agreement of each party, (2) immediately following Completion, (3) the termination of the Merger Agreement in accordance with its terms, (4) the Just Eat Takeaway.com Boards changing their recommendations related to the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement adverse to Grubhub and (5) such time that the Merger Agreement is amended without the written consent of Mr. Groen in a manner that increases the merger consideration or is adverse to Mr. Groen relative to other Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders.
As at 20 April 2021, Mr. Groen’s holding of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares comprised approximately 10.29% of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s total issued share capital, all of which is held indirectly.
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BUSINESS OF THE JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM GROUP
Overview
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is a leading global online food delivery marketplace outside of China in terms of GMV, connecting millions of consumers in the United Kingdom, Germany, Canada, the Netherlands and the “Rest of World,” composed of Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Denmark, France, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Spain and Switzerland, with approximately 244,000 local restaurants through its websites and apps. Its network benefits both restaurants and consumers, driving continued growth.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group derives its revenue principally from commissions charged to restaurants based on the GMV of the food ordered through its marketplace and, to a lesser extent, from delivery fees charged to consumers, online payment services fees from restaurants and other services that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group provides to participating restaurants. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s marketplace business model relies on participating restaurants delivering food themselves, with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s platforms serving as a source of Orders for participating restaurants and facilitating online payment processes. In the year ended 31 December 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group processed 588 million orders by consumers through the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s websites and mobile applications (i.e., excluding orders processed through third party websites for its restaurant partners) (“Orders”) on the basis of combined results of the Just Eat Group and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group as if the Just Eat Acquisition had been completed on 1 January 2020.
Historically, independent restaurants were dependent on local marketing, primarily through the distribution of flyers and paper menus, which limited their reach. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group expands options for these restaurants, offering access to a wider consumer-base and providing publicity at a relatively low cost, which results in an increase in Orders for these restaurants. In addition, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group provides its own logistical food delivery services for Orders from restaurants that do not deliver themselves (“Delivery”). This service has expanded rapidly following its launch in 2016, creating the current hybrid model of the marketplace enhanced by the targeted offering of Delivery that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes is well placed to retain, enhance or gain market-leading positions.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s focus is on delivering a superior consumer experience and clear benefits to restaurants on its marketplace, thereby promoting network effects that enhance the value of the marketplace for both consumers and restaurants. Its marketplace connects consumers and restaurants by enabling consumers using mobile devices and personal computers to browse, select, order and pay for food through an easy-to-use interface that is designed to offer a high-quality user experience.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group benefits from network effects as the number of consumers and restaurants on its marketplace has grown continuously. As the number of consumers increases, more Orders and higher GMV are generated, attracting more restaurants to its marketplace, which enhances and diversifies the offering, in turn attracting more consumers. The self-reinforcing nature of these network effects not only benefits consumers and restaurants but also helps the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group to sustain its strong position and ultimately enhances its ability to produce positive segment adjusted EBITDA.
During the year ended 31 December 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group had an average of 8,955 full-time equivalent employees (“FTEs” or “FTE”), of which almost 3,000 represent the FTEs of employed couriers. FTEs are calculated by dividing the contracted weekly hours of an employee by the standard weekly hours for such employee’s country of employment. Employees are individuals with whom the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has an employment agreement and includes employees with a part-time employment agreement. Employees exclude the following: (i) workers whose costs are recharged to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, (ii) couriers employed through agreements with third-party agencies, (iii) freelancers (including contractors and self-employed persons) and (iv) consultants.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has over time made a number of acquisitions that have enhanced its position (see “—Key Factors Affecting Results of Operations—Acquisitions and Divestitures” beginning on page 208 of this proxy statement/prospectus).
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History, Development and Highlights
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s operations commenced in 2000 when the founder and CEO, Jitse Groen, launched one of the world’s first online food delivery marketplaces, www.thuisbezorgd.nl, in the Netherlands. The rapid dissemination and adoption of broadband internet services in the Netherlands in 2003 was an important driver of the growth of the business. By 2007, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group was connecting restaurants and consumers of logistical food delivery services in over 40 cities in the Netherlands. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has demonstrated strong organic growth throughout its history.
From 2007, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group began to expand into new geographical markets through organic growth of its then-existing services, entering online food delivery in Belgium and Germany in that year, followed by additional markets including Austria (2008) and Switzerland (2014). In 2012, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group engaged in its first external equity fundraising round primarily in order to finance this continued growth and strengthen its activities in the Netherlands and Belgium.
In 2016, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group started offering Delivery in select cities in strategic markets to target those restaurants that do not currently offer their own logistical food delivery services.
Continued Growth through Material Acquisitions
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes that mergers and acquisitions can be utilized to accelerate its strategic goals where it is able to acquire businesses which are leading platforms, where the target business enhances current market positions or where the target business enhances the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s overall consumer or restaurant proposition. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group further believes in rapid integration of its acquired businesses and their operations within the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group organization, implementing the “One Company, One Brand, One IT Platform” strategy. When making acquisitions, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has also sought to retain local management. For example, in the case of the acquisition of Lieferando.de in 2014, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group succeeded in retaining Jörg Gerbig, the founder of Lieferando.de, as a member of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s senior management as the chief operating officer of Just Eat Takeaway.com.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group uses acquisitions to expand geographically or enhance the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s offering. For example, in 2018, Just Eat Takeaway.com acquired 10bis.co.il Ltd (“10bis”), the leading online food marketplace in Israel in terms of GMV with advanced technology and expertise in the corporate market, acquired Foodarena, a Swiss food delivery marketplace, and acquired BGmenu in Bulgaria and Oliviera in Romania, with total consideration of €133 million paid for all acquisitions in 2018. The 10bis acquisition facilitated both the acquisition of an Israeli leader in terms of GMV and the technology which formed the basis of Takeaway Pay (as defined below), which was incorporated into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s platform.
Acquisition activity has also facilitated expansion of the scale of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s business, in particular the acquisition of Delivery Hero Germany GmbH and Foodora GmbH, which operated the Lieferheld, Pizza.de and Foodora brands in Germany, from Delivery Hero in 2019 and the combination with Just Eat in 2020. These transactions supported the strategic aims both in individual markets and by acquiring or enhancing positions in certain of the world’s largest markets in food delivery, which can be used to further support investment across the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group. In April 2019, Just Eat Takeaway.com acquired the German businesses of Delivery Hero, consisting of Delivery Hero Germany GmbH and Foodora GmbH, which operated the Lieferheld, Pizza.de and Foodora brands in Germany (the “Acquired German Businesses”), for a total consideration of €1.2 billion consisting of cash and Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares (the “German Businesses Acquisition”). Following the “One Company, One Brand, One IT Platform” strategy, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group migrated the websites operating under the names Lieferheld, Pizza.de, and Foodora.de within three weeks to Lieferando.de, which it believes is a record in the industry for a platform migration of such size. This ensured that all new consumers in Germany would have a single consumer experience. The German Businesses Acquisition consolidated the leading position in Germany and led to a substantial increase in adjusted EBITDA for the Germany segment, driven primarily by marketing synergies. Just Eat Takeaway.com also divested its interest in Takeaway.com Asia B.V. to Woowa Brothers Corp. in 2019 in exchange for a 0.24% stake in Woowa Brothers Corp.
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Takeaway.com N.V. acquired Just Eat plc (another European food delivery business) in 2020, for a total consideration of €7.4 billion. The all-share combination between Just Eat plc and Takeaway.com N.V. became effective on 31 January 2020 and, with effect from completion of the Just Eat Acquisition, Takeaway.com N.V. was renamed Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. Subsequently on 15 April 2020, following the lifting of a hold separate order issued by the CMA on 30 January 2020 that prohibited integration of the businesses, the Just Eat Group was consolidated into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group. As a result of the Just Eat Acquisition, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has leading positions based on GMV in three of the world’s largest markets for online food delivery: the UK, Germany and the Netherlands.
The Just Eat Group operated in complementary geographic regions, with the Just Eat Acquisition bringing enhanced scale and geographical diversification to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group. The increased resources following the Just Eat Acquisition allow the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group to invest more efficiently and effectively in markets to capture additional growth opportunities, maintain its competitiveness, strengthen leading positions and create sustainable shareholder value. Following the Just Eat Acquisition, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has greater flexibility to target investments in key markets in a fast-evolving sector with well-capitalized competition. Enhanced scale and leading positions enable the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group to leverage best practices from the Just Eat Group and the legacy Takeaway.com businesses to create the broadest possible offering to both restaurant partners and consumers. By pooling knowledge and best practices from across the legacy Takeaway.com businesses and the acquired Just Eat Group business, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is able to draw on its global employee base to realize growth opportunities and address evolving market challenges.
Following the lifting of the CMA’s hold separate order regarding the Just Eat Acquisition on 15 April 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has made substantial progress with the integration of the Just Eat Group business, following its “One Company, One Brand, One IT Platform” strategy. The organizational structure of the integrated group has been established with executive and senior management roles aligned across the whole Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and an operating model structure put in place across all markets. Just Eat Takeaway.com management believes the Just Eat Group brands, despite their recent growth, have seen underinvestment in recent years. To strengthen, expand or recapture leading positions throughout the territories in which the Just Eat Group business has historically operated, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has embarked on an aggressive investment program and will invest significantly in the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, Italy, Spain, France and several other markets in which the Just Eat Group business has historically operated. As of the date of this proxy statement/prospectus, Just Eat Takeaway.com has made significant progress with the integration of the Just Eat business. The organizational structure of the integrated group has been established with executive and senior management roles aligned across the whole of Just Eat Takeaway.com, creating a combined head office, and an operating model structure put in place across all markets. To benefit from global brand recognition, all Just Eat Group brands have adopted the Just Eat Takeaway.com logo and brand identity. Therefore, all material steps necessary for the integration of the Just Eat Group with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group have been completed except for the migration of certain Just Eat Group continental European businesses from legacy Just Eat Group platforms to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s continental European information technology (“IT”) platform. Reflecting the “One IT Platform” strategy, the Swiss, French, Danish and Norwegian businesses have been successfully migrated to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s continental European platform, and other legacy Just Eat continental European markets are expected to follow in 2021. Just Eat Takeaway.com therefore anticipates that, by the time of Completion, the process of integrating the Just Eat Group into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group will be substantially progressed.
Corporate Information
Just Eat Takeaway.com carried out its initial public offering in September 2016, listing and trading on Euronext Amsterdam since such time under the trading symbol “TKWY” and is currently included in the AEX index. In connection with the Just Eat Acquisition, Just Eat Takeaway.com previously announced its intention to apply for delisting of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares from Euronext Amsterdam, such delisting to become effective as soon as possible under applicable Dutch law and the rules, regulations and announcements of Euronext Amsterdam N.V. However, in light of the enlarged and more globalized investor base that Just Eat Takeaway.com will have following Completion, Just Eat Takeaway.com is conducting a review to determine the optimal listing venues for its long term future and intends to delay any decision on the structure of its listing venues whilst it completes this review. Therefore, Just Eat Takeaway.com no longer intends to delist the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares from Euronext Amsterdam as soon as possible, and Just Eat Takeaway.com will remain listed on Euronext Amsterdam until a further decision has been made.
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Since 3 February 2020, Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares are also admitted to the premium listing segment of the UK Official List and to trading on the London Stock Exchange’s main market for listed securities under the trading symbol “JET.” The UK Official List is the definitive record of whether a company’s securities are officially listed in the UK, with each entry showing, among other things, the security listed, its issuer and the security’s listing category. Under the Listing Rules, there are two principal forms of listing available for the equity shares of commercial companies traded on the London Stock Exchange’s main market for listed securities: (i) the ‘standard’ segment; and (ii) the ‘premium’ segment, designed to offer shareholders additional rights and protections. For example, companies with a premium listing are required to comply with certain provisions relating to ‘significant’ and ‘related party’ transactions, as well as more extensive requirements relating to the content of circulars issued to shareholders. For this reason, only companies with a premium listing are eligible for inclusion in the FTSE UK Index Series.
Just Eat Takeaway.com was incorporated as a private limited liability company (besloten vennootschap met beperkte aansprakelijkheid) on 30 December 2005 and operates under the laws of the Netherlands. Just Eat Takeaway.com was converted to a public limited liability company (naamloze vennootschap) on 3 October 2016. The seat of Just Eat Takeaway.com is in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and its address is Oosterdoksstraat 80, 1011 DK Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Just Eat Takeaway.com’s telephone number is +31 (0)20 210 7000 and its website is https://justeattakeaway.com. Just Eat Takeaway.com is registered in the Commercial Register of the Chamber of Commerce (Handelsregister van de Kamer van Koophandel) under number 08142836 and its legal entity identifier is 724500FVZIBSSQ7SHI95. The current business address of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s agent for service of process and authorized representative in the United States for this proxy statement/prospectus, Puglisi & Associates, is 850 Library Avenue, Suite 204, Newark, Delaware 19711. The web address of Just Eat Takeaway.com has been included as an inactive textual reference only. Just Eat Takeaway.com’s website and the information contained therein or connected thereto are not intended to be incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus.
Capital Expenditures
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group owns property and equipment, including right of use assets, leasehold improvements and other equipment. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s current capital expenditures primarily relate to the routine acquisition of property and equipment, which is financed from operating cash flows. Investment in property and equipment was €27 million, €8 million and €4 million for the years ended 31 December 2020, 31 December 2019 and 31 December 2018, respectively, in each case, related primarily to office equipment for the use in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s various leased office spaces. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group—Liquidity and Capital ResourcesCapital Expenditure” beginning on page 230 of this proxy statement/prospectus for further discussion and “Business of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group—Property, Plant and Equipment” beginning on page 182 of this proxy statement/prospectus for a list of material leased office spaces.
Strategy
Based on its experience and behavioral knowledge, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes that online food delivery is a “winner takes most” industry, benefitting from favorable network effects where restaurant supply, consumer acquisition and order growth are mutually reinforcing and provide a tailwind to the established market leader. In order to achieve its goals of being the clear and sustainable market leader in each of its markets, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group focuses on a set of strategic priorities:
Maintain and expand leadership position: The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes that online food delivery is a “winner takes most” industry where the leaders in each market will continue to benefit from tailwinds to growth through favorable network effects. Therefore, it believes continued investments in leading positions are critical to long-term growth.
Offer the widest and most convenient choice of restaurants: The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes that offering the best choice of restaurants is critical in building an attractive consumer proposition and driving consumer acquisition and retention. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group continues to invest in its local restaurant salesforces to attract new restaurants to its platform, seeking
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to sign up all categories of cuisines and restaurant types. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is also investing in expanding its own Delivery services, which expands the addressable market and enables it to offer the broadest restaurant selection to consumers.
Grow consumer base through leading top-of-mind brand awareness and loyalty: The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes that being the most recognized food delivery brand in a market drives the acquisition of new consumers and the reorder rates of returning consumers, as the purchase decision is often impulsive and consumers are more likely to use a brand which is immediately top-of-mind. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group also strives to form an integral part of its consumers’ daily lives, and invests in loyalty mechanisms and consumer relationship management to drive reorder rates. High brand awareness and loyalty also increase direct traffic to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s websites and mobile applications, thereby reducing marketing costs per order over time.
Enhance end-to-end consumer experience through technology, consumer service and price leadership: The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group constantly seeks to improve its consumer proposition by enhancing its technology platform and product user experience, optimizing its fulfilment operations and Delivery services, and continually improving its consumer service. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group also aims to provide sustainable consumer price leadership in every market, in order to remove any barriers to ordering. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes these ongoing efforts to improve the consumer experience drive greater acquisition and order frequency.
Enhance restaurant value through integrated solutions and services to support their operations: The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group enables restaurant partners to optimize their daily operations and grow their businesses through point-of-sale integrated tools and services, and is continuing to invest in developing full end-to-end solutions to allow restaurants to drive further value from partnering with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group.
“One Company, One Brand, One IT Platform”: The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group strongly believes in its “One Company, One Brand, One IT Platform” approach as the most efficient and effective way to operate an online food delivery business. This is reflected in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s optimized organizational structure, focus on a single global brand identity and drive towards a consolidated technology platform.
Invest for sustainable growth and profitability, both organically and through disciplined acquisitions: The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group seeks to generate sustainable profits for its shareholders over the long term, including through launching and scaling new opportunities which enhance its proposition to consumers and restaurants, and the continuous evaluation of strategic opportunities (including acquisitions, divestments and merger opportunities). Strategically beneficial mergers and acquisitions could include acquiring new, or enhancing existing, market leading positions, accessing new areas of growth and enhancing its capability set and/or consumer proposition.
Brands
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has a single global brand identity and runs a single brand in each country in which it operates, as it believes this is the most efficient and effective approach to reach consumers. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is able to concentrate all marketing efforts around a single brand with only a limited organization; and it is effective because it can offer the broadest possible restaurant and cuisine selection to consumers—meaning the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group can appeal to the entire market, rather than to specific segments. Each local restaurant has its own “brand strength” in the local area, making the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group offering “hyper-local,” with each restaurant also benefiting from the efforts of the entire marketing operation.
Products and Services
The following is a list of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s primary products and services. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group derives its revenue principally from commissions charged to restaurants based on the GMV of the food ordered through its online marketplace and, to a lesser extent, from delivery fees charged to consumers, online payment services fees from restaurants and other services that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group provides to participating restaurants.
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Just Eat Takeaway.com Group Websites and Apps
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group offers an online marketplace where supply and demand for food delivery and food ordering meet. Consumers can use the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s mobile applications or access the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s websites in order to view restaurants that deliver to the area where they are located and to order food online using an interface that is easy to use and intuitive and that guides the consumer through restaurant and menu options. Restaurant options for a particular location are algorithmically ranked and presented according to the consumer’s search and a number of factors designed to achieve particular operational outcomes, including promoted placements, whereby restaurants pay a fee in order to appear higher up in search results.
Consumers can typically choose to make payments online on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s marketplace or in cash to the courier who delivers the meal. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group facilitates payments by means of debit or credit card or other forms of cashless payment (“Online Payments”). Once consumers have placed an order, they can choose to follow the status of the Order via the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s order tracking system that sends push notifications to the consumer’s mobile phone, including that the Order has been placed, when the Order is confirmed by the restaurant (including an expected delivery time), that the Order is being prepared and when the driver of the Order is en route to the consumer when ordering food from a participating restaurant.
Delivery Services
Delivery fuels the network effects by further expanding the offering to consumers and restaurants. By providing Delivery to a select number of restaurants and chains, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is able to offer an even broader selection of cuisines and can also add popular branded restaurants such as McDonald’s, Burger King, KFC and Starbucks in certain markets. These additions enhance the ability to acquire new consumers and encourage existing consumers to order more often. Furthermore, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s couriers create a highly visible presence on the streets. Restaurants that use Delivery are integrated within the existing online food delivery marketplace, consistent with the “One Company, One Brand, One IT Platform” approach. Just Eat Takeaway.com believes that its hybrid model, which offers Delivery in select locations in tandem with the core marketplace model, is the most effective strategy to continue to grow its business while remaining focused on achieving overall profitability.
Following the Just Eat Acquisition, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s markets are able to deploy best-in-class Delivery capabilities via both employment and independent courier models. The legacy Takeaway.com delivery service model, known as “Scoober,” consists of couriers employed through agreements with third-party agencies and directly employed couriers who are provided with branded equipment and e-bikes in most cities, creating high visibility for the brand. The legacy Just Eat markets currently typically utilize the technology and operational expertise developed by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s Canadian business, SkipTheDishes (“Skip”). The highly efficient and scalable operational model developed by Skip engages independent contractors as couriers and enabled the business to achieve leading positions in Canada (based on GMV) and achieve positive underlying EBITDA in Canada during the year ended 31 December 2019, one of the first Delivery-focused businesses in the sector to do so. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group anticipates that the employment-based Scoober model will be the primary model used in continental Europe, including legacy Just Eat markets, due to regulatory requirements and the operational efficiency achieved with a single European platform, and launched Scoober with employed couriers in the UK and France in 2020. Other markets may draw upon both operational models to optimize operational outcomes and goals, including being able to utilize the Scoober employment model in the event of regulatory changes, and some markets also still use third-party delivery companies where the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has not yet implemented a proprietary model. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group also anticipates that, following Completion, the independent contractor model, where independent contractors are engaged directly as delivery drivers, will at least initially be the primary model used in the United States.
Corporate Services
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group offers business-to-business services allowing corporate consumers to order food to their offices, and which can include providing employees with meal benefit plans, encouraging employees to order their lunch or dinner with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s partner restaurants. The corporate consumer can
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assign budgets to employees to order food through the Just Eat Takeaway.com platform and set certain limitations on use. Employees can then order food within the approved budget, which is paid for or subsidized by the employer. Corporate services removes complicated expense processes, with employees able to order on account, and can be integrated with human resources and accounting systems. Corporate services in the UK are provided by the City Pantry brand, which is a leading UK business-to-business catering marketplace, and in Israel by the 10bis brand, the local leader in corporate services in terms of GMV. Corporate services provided under the Takeaway brand (“Takeaway Pay”) are currently available in eleven markets, including Switzerland, France and Romania, and are expected to be expanded to additional markets over time.
Restaurant Software & Services
Restaurants typically receive Orders made by consumers via the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s platforms through proprietary integrated tablet/printer devices or the restaurant’s own tablet. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s proprietary devices not only transmit Orders but also provide tools for managing the restaurant, including the ability to set promotions or to adjust paid placement, facilitating efficient restaurant engagement. For branded restaurant groups, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group also drives value through seamlessly integrating its orders into the restaurant group’s point-of-sale systems to optimize the restaurant’s operational efficiency, in particular through the extensive point-of-sale system integrations developed and deployed by its subsidiary Flyt Limited (formerly named Flypay Limited) (“Flyt”).
Commissions, Delivery Fees and Other Revenue
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group generates revenue primarily through the Orders placed on its platforms. This revenue is derived principally from commissions charged to restaurants based on a percentage of GMV of a particular Order, and, to a lesser extent, from delivery fees charged to the consumer for Delivery services, payment service fees charged to restaurants for processing online payments and other revenue streams such as restaurant promoted placement, subscription, and merchandise revenue.
Commissions
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group receives commissions on every Order. Commissions are typically a percentage of the GMV per Order and are charged to restaurants on a per Order basis. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group sets standard commission rates for each of its markets, although actual commission rates charged to particular restaurants in each market vary to some extent due to volume discounts which are provided in certain cases, such as to larger restaurant chains that provide significant Order volumes. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group periodically assesses the commission rates that it charges in each country and determines whether the rate needs to be maintained or updated. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group occasionally increases its commission rates to reflect continuous improvements in its value proposition for restaurants, including its investments in marketing and technology, merchandise and other restaurant services, and its expanding network of both consumers and restaurants. Revenue from commissions is, and average commission rates are, also affected by the growing proportion of Orders delivered through Delivery, which carries a significantly higher commission rate than those delivered by the restaurant.
Consumer Delivery Fees
Consumer delivery fee revenue represents delivery fees charged to the consumer in connection with Delivery Orders. The delivery fee charged to consumers per Delivery Order varies depending on the market and also dynamically within markets based on a variety of operational and strategic drivers. Within markets, operational drivers broadly aim to balance Order demand and the delivery fee charged to consumers per Delivery Order with courier supply and costs, as a result of which proportionately higher delivery fees may be charged to consumers at peak times or during inclement weather, which typically increases Order demand and reduces courier supply. Strategic drivers aim to align the delivery fees charged to consumers per Delivery Order with Just Eat Takeaway.com’s strategic aims in a given market, such as price leadership, and the impact of such variables therefore varies by market as a result of the applicable strategic aims.
Other Revenue
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group also generates other revenue mainly in the form of online payment services fees, restaurant promoted placements (whereby restaurants are charged a fee in order to appear in a more
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optimal position in search results on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s applications) and sales of merchandise (including items sold like jackets, restaurant equipment, packaging and banners). Payment services revenue is earned from consumers or restaurants that are charged a payment services fee by Just Eat Takeaway.com for processing online payments.
Technology
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group offers a simple and efficient way for consumers to order their favorite food whenever and wherever they like through its websites and apps. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group digitizes the entire food ordering experience for consumers, restaurants, corporate consumers and its back office and couriers. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes that speed, choice of restaurants and ease of use are the most important factors impacting the user experience for consumers and focuses on guiding consumers to find whatever they are looking for and giving them the tools to make their whole food ordering experience better. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group does this by digitizing the entire food ordering experience for consumers, including checkout and the after-ordering experience, and optimizing the search function on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s website and apps. Digitizing the user experience from a restaurant, back office and driver point of view are important in creating a positive experience for all users. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group offers multiple digitized products, like its order management software and restaurant portals, to help restaurants manage and optimize their operations. Back office products are continuously being improved to make the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s operations scalable, compliant and more efficient. Product and business innovations like Delivery and corporate services enable consumers to order with any restaurant, anywhere at any time and create additional business for new and existing restaurants.
Marketing
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group focuses on connecting as many consumers to as many restaurants as possible. While the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s technology platform enables the connection, marketing continues to be focused on making the actual connections. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group continues to focus on its strategy for scalable marketing to drive growth and accelerate efficiencies at the same time across its markets. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s marketing strategy prioritizes brand awareness, retention and user frequency, consumer acquisition through performance and restaurant partner services.
Brand Awareness
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes that brand awareness and preference are important drivers of performance in terms of overall consumer interaction, Orders, GMV and the number of restaurants that participate on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s platform. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group focuses on top-of-mind brand awareness and preference through consistent investment in the key branding channels, including television, online, outdoor and last-mile / courier visibility, in order to drive top-of-mind awareness and brand preference. In 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group was able to drive brand preference through an increase in its top-of-mind awareness in the majority of the countries in which it then operated and, in its core markets of the UK, Germany and the Netherlands, top-of-mind awareness reached over half of all people in each of these markets. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has also invested in preparing a holistic and long term vision for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s brand proposition, developing clear guidelines on the key benefits, character and visual identity of the brand and seeking to portray a consistent brand image across all functions.
Retention and User Frequency
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group also focuses marketing efforts on improving retention and user frequency through campaigns seeking to engage consumers, consumer incentives (such as its loyalty shop supported by external partners) and its stamp card program (supported by restaurant partners) and loyalty program (available in certain markets), and partnerships with restaurant chains, such as McDonald’s, brands such as Leon, Tortilla and Chipotle, and coffee chains, such as Starbucks and Costa, adding to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s growing restaurant supply. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has established a dedicated retention team and automation technology and in 2020 saw a strong increase in consumer Order frequency and decrease in churn rates across markets, trends which were already evident in 2019 and were accelerated by the increase in demand resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic.
Consumer Acquisition through Performance Marketing
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group seeks to improve consumer acquisition through performance marketing (or pay-per-click/pay-per-Order) campaigns, such as search engine marketing, search engine optimization and app
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campaigns, which directly generate traffic and Orders. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group also applies consumer-centric automation and utilizes an increasingly app-focused marketing mix to seek to drive more efficient consumer acquisition and brand-building going forward in its markets.
Restaurant Partner Services
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes its relationship with its connected restaurants is critical, as the restaurants’ success is closely linked to its own. Through its Partner Services department, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group seeks to maximize results for partner restaurants and drive visibility of its own brand. By supporting restaurant owners with relevant and actionable insights and creating brand awareness with innovative campaigns and promotional materials, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group aims to develop an ecosystem in which all parties benefit. In order to build stronger relationships with restaurant partners and promote their long-term success, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group continues to expand resources provided through its Partner Services department, including account management and advisory services to assist restaurant partners with maximizing their value from use of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s platforms, negotiating pricing for food and non-food merchandise and disposables with trusted third-party suppliers, arranging logistics and boosting awareness with effective marketing campaigns.
Operations
The operations functions of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group primarily comprise sales, consumer services and courier operations for Delivery.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s sales activities are aimed at attracting new restaurants to its platform, seeking to sign up all categories of cuisines and restaurant types in order to drive incremental Orders on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s platforms. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group employs local sales teams in each of the countries in which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group operates. Sales teams are responsible for research on restaurants that deliver food or that may be a candidate for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s Delivery services, contact with candidate restaurants and liaising with restaurants that initiate contact with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s sales teams also operate in close cooperation with its consumer services teams and inform restaurants of, and offers them access to, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s products and services. Following the Just Eat Acquisition and the expansion of Delivery services, Just Eat Takeaway.com also provides central management of global relationships with large branded restaurant groups in order to leverage its international presence and scale.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group operates various consumer service functions across its numerous geographical markets. The consumer service team’s responsibilities cover engagement with consumers and restaurants and can be divided into four operational areas: order process management, data management (such as menus and prices), restaurant support and restaurant relationship management.
Courier operations providing Delivery services complement the marketplace business by expanding the addressable population of restaurants to include restaurants that do not have their own delivery capabilities and enable the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group to offer an even broader selection of cuisines as well as popular branded restaurants such as McDonald’s, Burger King, KFC and Starbucks. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group deploys best-in-class delivery capabilities via both employment and independent courier models. The legacy Takeaway.com delivery service model, known as “Scoober,” consists of couriers employed through agreements with third-party agencies and directly employed couriers who are provided with branded equipment and e-bikes in most cities, creating high visibility for the brand. The legacy Just Eat markets currently typically utilize the technology and operational expertise developed by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s Canadian business, Skip.
Other markets may draw upon both operational models to optimize operational outcomes and goals, including being able to utilize the Scoober employment model in the event of regulatory changes, and some markets also still use third-party delivery companies where the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has not yet implemented a proprietary model.
Reportable Segments
Following the Just Eat Acquisition, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has four reportable segments: United Kingdom, Germany, Canada and the Netherlands. All other operating segments are included together in the Rest of the World. See “About this Proxy Statement/Prospectus—Presentation of Financial and Other
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Information—Reportable Segments—Just Eat Takeaway.com Group” beginning on page xii of this proxy statement/prospectus for further discussion regarding the increase in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s reportable segments. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has non-controlling interests in businesses in Brazil (iFood) and Mexico (ECAC). iFood is classified as an associate for accounting purposes, while the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s participation in ECAC is classified as a joint venture, therefore neither business is consolidated, and their results are recognized as a single line item below operating results. ECAC operations ceased on 4 December 2020 and, as per 31 December 2020, the business has been closed down. As the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s operating segments serve only external consumers, there is no inter-segment revenue. Revenue and adjusted EBITDA by segment for the year ended 31 December 2020, the year ended 31 December 2019 and the year ended 31 December 2018 are presented in the tables below:
Revenue by Segment (€ in millions)
Segment
Year Ended
31 December 2020
% of
total
Year Ended 31
December 2019
% of
total
Year Ended 31
December 2018
% of
total
United Kingdom
576
28%
NA(1)
NA(1)
NA(1)
NA(1)
Germany
374
18%
€205
49%
83
36%
Canada
404
20%
NA(1)
NA(1)
NA(1)
NA(1)
The Netherlands
174
9%
119
29%
96
41%
Rest of World(2)
514
25%
92
22%
53
23%
Total
2,042
100%
416
100%
232
100%
Adjusted EBITDA (€ in millions)
Segment
Year Ended
31 December 2020
% of
total
Year Ended 31
December 2019
% of
total
Year Ended 31
December 2018
% of
total
United Kingdom
143
87%
NA(1)
NA(1)
NA(1)
NA(1)
Germany
128
64%
19
158%
(24)
218%
Canada
42
21%
NA(1)
NA(1)
NA(1)
NA(1)
The Netherlands
76
38%
64
533%
59
(536)%
Rest of World(2)
(74)
(25)%
(25)
(208)%
(12)
109%
Head Office
(140)
(70)%
(46)
(383)%
(34)
309%
Total
175
100%
12
100%
(11)
100%
(1)
The Just Eat Group was consolidated into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group from 15 April 2020. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group did not have operations in the United Kingdom or Canada during the years ended 31 December 2018 and 2019.
(2)
See “—Segmental Just Eat Takeaway.com Group Results of Operations” beginning on page 222 of this proxy statement/prospectus for information regarding the markets comprising the Rest of the World during the periods under review.
Until 31 December 2019, Head Office was allocated to the segments. Beginning in the year ended 31 December 2020, Head Office is no longer allocated to the segments. The segment data in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements have been recast accordingly. Head Office relates to non-allocated expenses and includes all central operating expenses such as staff costs and project expenses for global support teams like legal, finance, business intelligence, human resources, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board. Not included in Head Office are costs of global IT and product functions, which are allocated to countries and therefore included in segment adjusted EBITDA.
Property, Plant and Equipment
The following table provides an overview of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s material leased office spaces as of the date of this proxy statement/prospectus. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group does not own material properties.
Location
Size
Owned / leased
Amsterdam, the Netherlands
4,000m2
Leased
Amsterdam, the Netherlands (from July 2021)
14,416m2
Leased
Enschede, the Netherlands
7,614m2
Leased
Berlin, Germany (from June 2021)
18,445m2
Leased
Berlin, Germany (until June 2021)
4,378m2
Leased
Berlin, Germany (until February 2026)
3,302m2
Leased
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Location
Size
Owned / leased
Tel Aviv, Israel
2,055m2
Leased
Wroclaw, Poland (until 2021)
1,451m2
Leased
Wroclaw, Poland (from 2021)
3,176m2
Leased
Brussels, Belgium
1,142m2
Leased
Sofia, Bulgaria
1,332m2
Leased
Bucharest, Romania
1,578m2
Leased
London, UK City Pantry
883m2
Leased
London, UK Flyt
369m2
Leased
London, UK FPH
3,903m2
Leased
Borehamwood, UK
2,092m2
Leased
Bristol, UK
1,672m2
Leased
Tel Aviv, Israel Practi
554m2
Leased
Dublin, Ireland
409m2
Leased
Zurich, Switzerland
506m2
Leased
Paris, France
2,641m2
Leased
Milan, Italy
1,188m2
Leased
Madrid, Spain
1,085m2
Leased
Calgary, Canada (from June 2021)
587m2
Leased
Toronto, Canada
947m2
Leased
Winnipeg, Canada
9,000m2
Leased
Saskatoon, Canada
545m2
Leased
Sydney, Australia (until July 2021)
967m2
Leased
Sydney, Australia (from July 2021)
5,074m2
Leased
Copenhagen, Denmark
1,225m2
Leased
Oslo, Norway
181m2
Leased
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group leases 845 square meters of office space in Braunschweig, Germany, which are sub-let. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has entered into an agreement relating to the lease of 14,416 square meters in Amsterdam, The Netherlands which new lease begins on 1 July 2021 and will replace the current main Amsterdam office lease, which current lease will expire on 30 June 2022. The lease term is for an initial period of five years with extension options available. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group intends to complete its move into the new leased space by the end of 2021, and is in the process of evaluating the future use of the leased space under the current Amsterdam office lease.
In addition to the new office in Amsterdam, as of February 2021 the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group had also entered into new lease agreements for office space in Madrid and Sydney that have not yet commenced, with initial lease terms of 5 years and 10 years, respectively. In Berlin, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group intends to move to a new space as per July 2021 and it is currently in the process of evaluating the future use of the leased space under the lease which runs until February 2026.
Seasonality
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s Orders are subject to seasonal fluctuations on a weekly, monthly and annual basis, with ordering activity typically greater in the first and fourth quarter of each financial year when consumers are more likely to order food for delivery because of unfavorable weather conditions and shorter daylight hours in the Northern hemisphere. Similarly, Orders tend to be lower in drier and warmer months when daylight hours are longer and a larger number of consumers opt to dine out or cook at home. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group generally witnesses lower ordering activity in the third quarter, for example, when consumers are more likely to opt to dine out. However, the impact of seasonality may be diminished by the overall growth of Orders in the periods under review. Furthermore, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes that the COVID-19 pandemic had a more significant impact on consumer behavior and ordering patterns than the impact of seasonality on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s business in 2020, as factors that impact seasonal increases in ordering, including less in-restaurant dining and less time spent outside the home, were persistent throughout the year. To the extent performance is impacted by seasonality, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s results of operations in any interim period may not be directly comparable to a different interim period and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s performance in any one interim period may not be an accurate indicator of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s future performance in any annual period.
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Other factors which may impact ordinary activity in a given period include the number of weekends and holidays in such period as well as the schedule of major sporting and other cultural events, particularly should the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group be a sponsor of such an event.
Intellectual Property
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group owns a comprehensive portfolio of trademarks and domain names to protect its brands in all markets in which it operates. As of 31 December 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group had more than 240 trademarks registered worldwide, including JustEatTakeaway.com, Just-eat.co.uk for the United Kingdom, Thuisbezorgd.nl for the Netherlands, Lieferando.de for Germany and Austria, Pyszne.pl for Poland, for Israel, Scoober, Food Tracker (the IT system that allows restaurants to continuously update consumers on the status of their order in all stages (from the receipt and confirmation of an order, through the preparation of the meal, until the order’s transportation and delivery)) and various trademarks related to “house” logos used by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s brands and businesses throughout the European continent. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group may pursue additional trademark registrations in the future to the extent this is beneficial to its operations. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group employs third parties to manage its trademark portfolio. Furthermore, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has obtained domain names specific to the various markets in which it operates, as the domain name serves as the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s brand in that market. In addition to its most important domain names, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group owns domain names that can be employed for websites of participating restaurants and domain names containing specific word combinations relating to the ordering of food.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group enters into confidentiality agreements with its employees, consultants, contractors and business partners who are given access to confidential information. Further, employees and certain contractors who contribute to the development of material intellectual property on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s behalf are also subject to invention assignment and/or license agreements, as appropriate. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group further controls the use of its proprietary technology and intellectual property by engaging trademark watch services, fraud watch services as well as through its general websites and product-specific terms of use and policies.
Human Capital
During the year ended 31 December 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group had an average of 8,955 FTEs, of which almost 3,000 represent the FTEs of employed couriers. FTEs are calculated by dividing the contracted weekly hours of an employee by the standard weekly hours for such employee’s country of employment. Employees are individuals with whom the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has an employment agreement and includes employees with a part-time employment agreement. Employees exclude the following: (i) workers whose costs are recharged to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, (ii) couriers employed through agreements with third-party agencies, (iii) freelancers (including contractors and self-employed persons) and (iv) consultants. The table below provides an overview of the average total numbers of employees of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group for the years ending on the dates specified below, subdivided per segment and measured in FTEs (excluding associates and joint ventures).
Segment
31 December
2020
31 December
2019
31 December
2018
United Kingdom
445
NA(1)
NA(1)
Germany
2,482
1,643
567
Canada
1,624
NA(1)
NA(1)
Netherlands
331
214
159
Rest of World(2)
2,591
1,067
625
Head Office
1,482
574
280
Total
8,955
3,498
1,631
(1)
The Just Eat Group was consolidated into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group from 15 April 2020. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group did not have operations in the United Kingdom or Canada during the years ended 31 December 2018 and 2019.
(2)
See “—Segmental Just Eat Takeaway.com Group Results of Operations” beginning on page 222 of this proxy statement/prospectus for information regarding the markets comprising the Rest of the World during the periods under review.
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Following completion of the Just Eat Acquisition, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has sought to refine and advance a set of core values for the combined organization which explain who the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is, what it stands for and the behaviors it expects to see from its leaders and people. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group aims to build and maintain an engaged and motivated staff and ensure diversity of culture and an inclusive workplace.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes that engaged and motivated staff are vital to continuously improving service to consumers, restaurants and other commercial partners, and ultimately strengthening business results. Employees who feel valued and engaged, and who understand and support the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s strategy, are more motivated and committed. To maintain high employee engagement, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group uses a mix of face-to-face events and experiences and online channels, including (i) building a cohesive learning and development framework, (ii) monthly all-staff meetings which include updates from the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board, presentations from other senior managers and others on key business initiatives and live question and answer sessions, (iii) while integrating the Just Eat Group, establishing volunteer integration teams in the Netherlands and the UK to provide feedback on ways to continue to improve cultural integration and (iv) during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, implementing a number of employee health and wellbeing initiatives to support teams with remote working. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group also believes that a key to making employees feel motivated and engaged is ensuring that the right people are in the right jobs with the right reward. Therefore, in 2020 the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group created a new global reward strategy which includes a global job family framework, enabling the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group to make fair comparisons across all jobs in its talent pools, and a reward framework which together aim to reward all employees consistently based on their role and responsibilities in their local market. These frameworks are expected to be launched to employees in 2021.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group also believes that diversity of culture and building an inclusive place to work empowers the company to create new, innovative products for its consumers and continue to lead in its markets. As such, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is building a global Diversity & Inclusion (“D&I”) team which will be responsible for defining a D&I strategy that will strengthen its commitment to building a fairer and more inclusive place to work for all of its employees. Initiatives started in either the former Just Eat or Takeaway.com organizations have also been continued, including training for hiring managers and diverse interview panels that aim to reduce bias in the recruitment process.
With the continued growth of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s business, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group continues to face a significant need to recruit talented individuals in all of its markets and its talent acquisition team has adapted quickly to respond to this level of expansion by, for example, introducing new online selection tools that will support its recruitment processes throughout the coming years. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group also continues to invest heavily in the Scoober logistics network and expand it internationally, with Scoober available in 139 cities across 12 markets (as per 31 December 2020). In the first quarter of 2021, the roll-out of Scoober has been accelerated throughout Europe, including expanded London coverage and a Birmingham roll-out in the UK, and expansion to Lyon, Bordeaux and Toulouse in France. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group firmly believes that providing couriers with employment contracts, hourly wages and social security is in the best interests of its couriers and its business and expects to hire more than 50,000 couriers annually on a continuous basis, providing diverse employment opportunities – from flexible and part-time to full-time work.
Suppliers
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group relies on a number of suppliers to provide web services, devices and other services.
In October 2018, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group renewed its supply agreement with Citaq Co., Ltd. (“Citaq”), pursuant to which Citaq agreed to supply to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group point of sale devices (together with relevant peripherals) (the “Goods”). Pursuant to the terms of the supply agreement, to the extent that any of the Goods contains any software or firmware, Citaq has granted each member of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, without further charge, a perpetual, transferable, irrevocable, non-exclusive worldwide license to use the software on or in connection with the Goods. There are no minimum volume commitments under the supply agreement but, in fiscal year 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s spend under the supply agreement was approximately $25 million. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group may terminate the supply
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agreement by giving written notice if Citaq commits a material breach (which is not remedied in the cure period), commits a persistent breach, has an insolvency event occur, breaches anti-bribery provisions of the supply agreement or fails an ethical audit or on the occurrence of a change of control of Citaq. Citaq may terminate the supply agreement by giving written notice to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group for failure to pay certain amounts due.
Legal and Administrative Proceedings
Subject to the matters disclosed below, there are no governmental, legal or arbitration proceedings (including any such proceedings which are pending or threatened of which Just Eat Takeaway.com is aware), during a period covering at least the previous 12 months which may have, or have had in the recent past, significant effects on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s financial position or results.
Earn-Out Payments Dispute
In December 2011, Just Eat Holding Limited acquired 50% of the share capital of FBA Invest SaS (“FBAI”), which owns 100% of the share capital of Eat On Line SA, which now trades as “Just Eat” in France. At the time of acquiring the shareholding, Just Eat entered into a joint venture agreement with the other shareholders, which contained two call options.
In June 2014, Just Eat exercised its call option and acquired an additional 30% of the shares in FBAI, taking its total shareholding to 80%.
In June 2017, Just Eat was due to acquire the remaining 20% of the shares in FBAI in accordance with the provisions of the joint venture agreement, with the purchase price for the additional shares to be calculated in accordance with a pre-determined range of prices set out therein.
However, in October 2016, Sébastien Forest, the minority shareholder of FBAI, filed a claim in France petitioning for the undertaking to sell the balance of the shares to be declared null and void. The hearing took place in March and the court ruled in April 2021 that the undertaking to sell the balance of the shares is null and void, leaving Mr. Forest as a minority shareholder of FBAI. As the matter stands, Just Eat is under no obligation to purchase the remaining shares for any amount or at all, and Mr. Forest is under no obligation to sell them. It remains open to Just Eat to appeal the court's ruling and/or to negotiate a mutually agreeable price to purchase Mr. Forest's shares.
“Gig Economy” Matters
From time to time, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is involved in various other legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business, including labor and employment claims, some of which relate to the alleged misclassification of independent contractors.
In July 2018, a courier on the Skip network filed a putative class action in Manitoba alleging that all couriers providing services on the Skip network in Canada are employees and not independent contractors. The relevant court has not yet determined if the claim will be accepted as a class action and, if so, which couriers would be included in any such class.
An arbitration clause exists within the Skip courier agreement which, if enforceable, could exclude the majority of the class in favor of arbitration, thereby significantly reducing the size of any class action and the related risks. While it is difficult to assess the merits or potential quantum with certainty, the current assessment is that a successful claim against the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is not probable. No provision has currently been recorded. Given the uncertain nature of the relevant events and liabilities, it is not practicable to provide information on the estimate of the financial effect, if any, or timing.
In Italy, Just-Eat Italy received orders from the public prosecutor and labor, social security and public insurance inspectors on 24 February 2021 that state that couriers engaged by Just-Eat Italy should be considered “workers”, known in Italy as ‘co.co.co.’, instead of independent contractors. In connection thereto, Just-Eat Italy was ordered to pay salaries and apply working conditions in line with applicable laws and regulations for co.co.co. in the logistics sector. On 1 April 2021, Just-Eat Italy received a further order with the calculation of the social security contributions for said couriers, amounting in total to €11 million, including fines for late payment. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group continues to evaluate its approach towards, and any potential
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objections to, the orders. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s business plans in Italy include discontinuation of delivery with independent contractors and the roll-out of an employed courier delivery model. In this context, in the first quarter of 2021, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group signed a collective bargaining agreement with the largest unions for the employment of its couriers. Given the uncertain nature of the relevant events and liabilities, however, it is not practicable to provide further information on the estimate of the financial effect of the remaining exposure or timing going forward.
In Australia, Just Eat Takeaway.com’s subsidiary Menulog received a position paper from the ATO on 11 September 2019 stating that the couriers engaged by Menulog should be considered employees rather than independent contractors. Menulog has challenged this based on the legislation and recent case law. In April 2021, the ATO provided Menulog with a Draft Decision Paper in which it reiterated its previous decision and stipulates that the guidance should be applied retrospectively. Menulog continues to evaluate its approach towards, and any potential objections to, the Draft Decision Paper.
EU State Aid
In October 2017, the EC announced it was conducting a state aid investigation into the Group Financing Exemption contained within the UK’s Controlled Foreign Company (“CFC”) legislation. The Group Financing Exemption (contained within Chapter 9 of Part 9A of the Taxation (International and Other Provisions) Act 2010) was introduced in 2013 when the UK CFC rules were revised.
The effect of the UK CFC rules is broadly to levy a UK tax charge on certain types of profit generated by low-taxed non-UK subsidiaries of UK companies. In order to address issues which arise as a result of the fungibility of money within a multinational group—in particular, the need to trace the exact source or history of a group’s finance arrangements and the extent to which they are borne by the UK - the Group Financing Exemption partially (75%) or fully exempted from the UK CFC charge financing income (e.g. interest payments received from loans) received by a non-UK subsidiary from another non-UK group company, even if such income was derived from ‘UK activities’. The EC’s investigation considered whether the application of the Group Financing Exemption in circumstances where income was derived from UK activities was justified and, if not, whether it constituted state aid under EU rules.
On 20 August 2019, the EC published its final decision in the Official Journal following the conclusion of its investigation. The EC found that the exercise required to assess to what extent financing income of a company derives from UK activities is not particularly burdensome or complex. On that basis, the EC held that the Group Financing Exemption granted a selective advantage to certain multinational companies. The EC concluded that the Group Financing Exemption was an aid scheme and amounted to illegal state aid under Article 107 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, to the extent that it exempted financing income derived from UK activities.
Conversely, the EC observed that the Group Financing Exemption was justified when the loans granted by the CFC entity were financed with ‘UK-connected capital’ and there were no UK activities involved in generating non-trading finance profits. This is because the Group Financing Exemption was necessary to avoid a complex and disproportionately burdensome intra-group tracing exercise to assess the exact percentage of profits funded with UK-connected capital.
Following the decision, the EC ordered the UK to recover in full the CFC charge that would have applied if no claim under the Group Financing Exemption had been made, to the extent the profits were attributable to those qualifying loan relationships which involved UK activities.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes the EC came to the wrong conclusion following its investigation and has applied to the General Court of the European Union (the “GCEU”) to annul the decision. The UK government, along with a number of other affected companies, has submitted similar annulment applications.
Similar to other UK-based international companies, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group may be impacted by the final outcome of this investigation, potentially with previously-exempt finance flows becoming subject to the UK’s CFC legislation and therefore UK tax, in addition to its relevant affiliates being subject to applicable tax legislation in their own tax jurisdictions. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is continuing to work with its advisors to assess the EC’s decision on its position as guidance is released from Her Majesty’s Revenue and
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Customs (“HMRC”) and other sources. While there is considerable uncertainty with regard to both the annulment process and any corresponding liability assessed by HMRC, the maximum potential cash exposure has been calculated to be €17 million plus interest (€19 million including interest), should the EC’s decision be upheld.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has appealed the decision on a number of grounds and continues to engage with HMRC on the matter.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes the EC’s decision to be without merit, however in line with IFRS 3, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group assumed a contingent liability of €3 million, in its opening balance sheet for this matter. The UK government is required to commence collection proceedings and a new law has been enacted with effect from 17 December 2020 to empower HMRC to do this. However, the new law is a charging mechanism only and not an arbitration on the merits of the on-going litigation. If the state aid decision is annulled, then any amounts paid will be returned to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group following this final determination.
Due to the newly enacted legislation, HMRC issued a charging notice for €14 million on 1 February 2021 and this was paid on 26 February 2021. This is a collection mechanism only and does not alter the ongoing merits of the case which is subject to on-going litigation.
Danish Tax Authority Dispute
In 2012, the Just Eat transfer pricing arrangements were updated, in line with the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines, to reflect the commercial and economic reality of its headquarters being established in the UK, whereas previously Just Eat was headquartered in Denmark. An Advanced Pricing Agreement (“APA”) was submitted to the Danish and UK competent authorities to obtain certainty over the position taken. Subsequently, the Danish Tax Authority opened a local transfer pricing audit into the periods covered by the APA and in January 2018 issued a formal notice of assessment from their findings, making a claim that the taxable income for fiscal year 2013 should be increased in relation to intellectual property income, equaling an additional tax payment of £126 million, including penalties and interest (which have continued to accrue since then).
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group strongly disagrees with the claim made by the Danish Tax Authority and has appealed the assessment through the Mutual Agreement Procedure (the “MAP”) process between the HMRC and the Danish Tax Authority. During the MAP, the two tax authorities enter into discussions with the intention of resolving the transfer pricing dispute. Just Eat’s case was formally accepted into the MAP in April 2018. Under the MAP, the tax authorities have two years to reach a resolution. As a resolution has not been reached, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is able to refer the case to an independent arbitration panel which will consider the facts and reach its own conclusion. As the tax authorities appear to be making progress regarding Just Eat’s case, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has not yet requested that the matter be referred to arbitration but reserves the right to do so should the tax authorities not make progress with the matter within a reasonable timeframe. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group expects the outcome to be a full elimination of the potential double taxation. Such an outcome may result in a reallocation of income between the UK and Denmark with different tax rates applying over a different period, with net interest charges.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has made significant payments on account to the Danish Tax Authority, which in no way reflects the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s position or the expected outcome, but as a means of mitigating against interest charges applied on the final agreed tax payment. As at 31 December 2020, the balance sheet includes both an asset and a liability in respect of uncertain tax positions, representing the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s best estimate of the expected outcome of the MAP between HMRC and the Danish Tax Authority, as well as other uncertain tax positions. See Note 9 to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-29 of this proxy statement/prospectus for additional detail.
Delivery Hero Arbitration
Just Eat Takeaway.com and Delivery Hero S.E. (“Delivery Hero”) are engaged in arbitration with the International Chamber of Commerce in respect of the standstill undertaking under the Relationship Agreement (as defined in “—Material Contracts—Delivery Hero Relationship Agreement” beginning on page 194 of this proxy statement/prospectus). As communicated in Just Eat Takeaway.com’s press release dated 2 March 2020, Just Eat Takeaway.com believes Delivery Hero failed to comply with this undertaking by entering into the
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forward share purchase and equity collar transaction it announced on 12 February 2020, leading to the initiation of arbitration proceedings by Just Eat Takeaway.com. Just Eat Takeaway.com believes Delivery Hero’s failure to comply with its standstill undertaking constitutes a breach of the Relationship Agreement. Just Eat Takeaway.com is of the opinion that Delivery Hero has breached the standstill undertaking under the Relationship Agreement on several occasions by effecting transactions in financial instruments in respect of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares during the standstill period. These breaches occurred when Delivery Hero entered into three equity collar transactions on 4 April 2019, 12 February 2020 and 16 June 2020, each of which Delivery Hero announced via press release.
While Delivery Hero claims that these transactions are exempted from the standstill undertaking, Just Eat Takeaway.com believes that each of these transactions effected an increase in Delivery Hero’s shareholding in Just Eat Takeaway.com and is therefore in breach of the standstill undertaking. The arbitration is still pending.
Regulatory
Payment Services
All Online Payments for food in all EEA countries (other than Bulgaria and Romania) in which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has historically operated prior to the Just Eat Acquisition are facilitated by Takeaway.com Payments B.V., a Dutch incorporated 100% subsidiary of Just Eat Takeaway.com. Takeaway.com Payments B.V. collects the full GMV with respect to all Orders paid for through Online Payments on behalf of restaurants (which are held in the name of a third-party fund foundation (Stichting Derdengelden Takeaway.com)) and, once a week, pays each restaurant the aggregate amounts of order revenue placed and paid for online minus the commission and refunds to consumers due to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group. The Online Payments process facilitated by Takeaway.com Payments B.V. allows consumers to choose from several payment methods when checking out their Order (such as payment by credit card or through Apple Pay or PayPal). Depending on the payment method selected, different parties will be involved in the processing of the payment, and, in certain cases, Takeaway.com Payments B.V. will itself process the payment without any third-party involvement. Whether Takeaway.com Payments B.V. requires third party assistance to process a payment depends on its participation in a specific payment scheme. This activity qualifies in the Netherlands as the “execution of payment transactions,” which is a payment service in accordance with Annex I of Directive (EU) 2015/2366 on payment services (“PSD II”). Payment services are services that are regulated under PSD II, which has been implemented in the Netherlands in the Dutch Financial Markets Supervision Act (Wet op het financieel toezicht). Consequently, Takeaway.com Payments B.V. has obtained a license as a payment institution from the De Nederlandsche Bank N.V. (“DNB”), which license it has passported to be able to offer payment services in all relevant countries in the EEA except for Bulgaria and Romania.
Takeaway.com Payments B.V., as a licensed payment institution, is supervised by DNB and is required to comply with rules applicable to payment institutions. Pursuant to one of these rules, each person is required to obtain a declaration of no objection from DNB before it can hold, acquire or increase a qualifying holding in a payment institution, or exercise any voting power in connection with such holding. A direct or indirect participation in a payment institution is a qualifying holding when it represents 10% or more of the shares and/or voting rights in the payment institution. This means that acquiring a holding of 10% or more of the shares and/or voting rights in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group requires a declaration of no objection from DNB. In addition, obtaining rights to appoint the majority of the managing board or other means of providing significant influence over the management of the payment institution also falls within the scope of a “qualifying holding.” Changes to a qualifying holding that result in exceeding below-mentioned thresholds also require a declaration of no objection from DNB. In addition, Takeaway.com Payments B.V. must as soon as possible notify DNB if a shareholder’s qualifying holding in Takeaway.com Payments B.V. exceeds 20%, 30% or 50%, or falls below 10%, 20%, 30% or 50%.
In all EEA markets in which Just Eat has historically operated, other than France, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group relies on the commercial agents exemption under PSD II. The French Prudential Supervision and Resolution Authority has granted a specific license exemption to Just Eat, therefore reliance on the commercial agents exemption is not required. In the UK, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group relies on the commercial agents exemption under the Payment Services Regulations 2017 (SI 2017/752). When a consumer places an Order via the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s platform, payments are processed by Adyen N.V. and other processors. Under the current merchant services agreements in force, the applicable subsidiary of Just Eat Takeaway.com that is a party thereto is a merchant. Takeaway.com Payments B.V. uses Adyen N.V. as a
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processor to process payments made with VISA/Mastercard (i.e., through a credit card), Bancontact, Apple Pay, Google Pay, GiroPay, and EPS. For instance, if a consumer uses a VISA credit card to pay for an order, Adyen N.V. receives the funds and transfers these funds to Takeaway.com Payments B.V., which transfers the funds minus commission to the restaurants.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is obliged to comply with the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standards as it has entered into contracts with credit card merchant acquirers. The Payment Card Industry Data Security Standards were created to help businesses process card payments securely and reduce card fraud through enforcing tight controls surrounding the storage, transmission and processing of cardholder data that businesses handle.
Privacy and Data Protection
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group processes personal data as part of its business. Consumers provide the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group with personal information, such as their name, address, email address and telephone number, in order for their order to be processed. Because the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group processes personal data of EU data subjects, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is subject to Regulation (EU) 2016/679 (the “EU General Data Protection Regulation” or “EU GDPR”) and is regulated by the Dutch Autoriteit Persoonsgegevens. The EU GDPR contains, among other things, high accountability standards for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, strict requirements to provide information notices to individuals, data protection impact assessments when data processing is likely to result in a high risk to the rights and freedoms of natural persons, rules on international data transfers, outsourcing, and maintaining an internal register and mandatory notification of data security breaches.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is also subject to any national laws implementing the EU GDPR and to any national data protection and privacy laws applicable in non-EU member states, such as the Australian Privacy Act 1988, the Mexican Federal Law for the Protection of Personal Data in the Possession of Private Parties, New Zealand’s Privacy Act 1993 and the Swiss Federal Data Protection Act 1992.
In the UK specifically, the EU GDPR was onshored into UK law on 31 December 2020 by the EUWA, subject to certain changes to ensure that the onshored legislation operates effectively in the UK, including the changes made by the Data Protection, Privacy and Electronic Communications (Amendments etc) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (SI 2019/419), as amended (the “DP Brexit Regulations”) (the “UK GDPR”). The DP Brexit Regulations also amended the Data Protection Act 2018, which deals with certain data processing issues not covered by the UK GDPR and seeks to ensure the alignment of the UK and EU data protection regimes post-Brexit. Although the Data Protection Act 2018 (as amended) already allows personal data to be transferred freely from the UK to EEA member states (among other countries), the European Commission has not yet confirmed that the UK offers an adequate level of data protection for the purposes of the EU’s GDPR regime. As an interim solution, the TCA agreed on 24 December 2020 allows for transfers of personal data from EU member states (and any other EEA member states that opt in) to the UK to continue seamlessly for an interim period of four months, with a possible two-month extension, subject to certain conditions. However, there can be no certainty that a positive ‘adequacy’ decision from the EU will be forthcoming and, consequently, there could be restrictions on the transfer of personal data from the EEA to the UK in the future. The Information Commissioner’s Office is the competent authority for enforcement of the Data Protection Act 2018 and the UK GDPR, among other regulations, in the UK.
Canada provides federal and provincial privacy laws regarding privacy protection. Pursuant to Canadian federal law, the Canadian business is subject to the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act, regulated by the Privacy Commissioner of Canada. Provincial laws include the Personal Information Protection Act, regulated by the Privacy Commissioner of Alberta, the Act Respecting the Protection of Personal Information in the Private Sector, regulated by Commission d’accès à l’information du Québec (Quebec), and the Personal Information Protection Act, regulated by the Information and Privacy Commissioner for British Columbia.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is also subject to Directive 2002/58/EC as amended by Directive 2009/136/EC (the “ePrivacy Directive”) in the EU countries in which it operates, which has been implemented by national implementing laws by EU member states (and the UK, prior to Brexit). The ePrivacy Directive regulates online targeting of consumers, processing of traffic and location data, and unsolicited commercial communications.
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The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group aims for a uniform approach with regard to privacy and data protection across all European markets with room for exceptions if local laws require so and to the extent allowed for by the EU GDPR. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has written internal data protection policies, to organize its privacy and data protection compliance. Also, with regard to marketing, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group aims for a harmonized approach. For its activities, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group processes personal data, for which it must observe the applicable data protection and privacy rules, including, if applicable, the rules of the EU GDPR. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group sends out digital newsletters based on postal code to consumers who have opted in for this service. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group retargets consumers after visiting its platform, and tracks consumers cross-platform based on, for example, email addresses. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group makes use of display advertising by targeting potential consumers in certain categories. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group makes use of the data of third party platforms (such as Google or Facebook) and uses its own data for such targeting. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes that such retargeting, tracking and display advertising is in compliance with the EU GDPR and the ePrivacy Directive. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group does not purchase data from third parties, nor does it sell or plan to sell data to third parties. Pursuant to the EU GDPR, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group ensures that consumers and any other natural persons whose rights are governed by the EU GDPR can exercise their right of access, right to object and right to rectify any inaccuracies in their personal data, as well as the right to data portability, the right to restrict processing (as long as these are possible due to legal obligations), the right to file a complaint with the competent data protection authority under the EU GDPR and the right to be forgotten.
Cyber Security
On 17 October 2018, the Dutch Parliament adopted the Security of Network and Information Systems Act (Wet beveiliging netwerk- en informatiesystemen, the “Wbni”). The Wbni implements Directive (EU) 2016/1148 (the EU Network and Information Security Directive). The Wbni requires the mandatory notification of serious security breaches in the key information communication and technology systems, provides rules on processing of personal data related to cyber security incidents and contains cyber security compliance requirements, such as baseline security requirements. The Wbni entered into force as of 9 November 2018 and applies to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group in its capacity as an online marketplace operating in the Netherlands. The Radiocommunications Agency Netherlands (Agentschap Telecom) is responsible for enforcing the Wbni in the Netherlands in respect of digital infrastructure.
Food Information Regulation
Regulation (EU) 1169/2011 on the provision of food information to consumers (the “EU Food Information Regulation”) and the EU Food Information Regulation as it forms part of UK domestic law by virtue of the EUWA (the “UK Food Information Regulation”) contain general principles, requirements and responsibilities in respect of the provision of food information to consumers. Pursuant to the EU Food Information Regulation and the UK Food Information Regulation, a “food business operator” —under whose name or business name food is marketed – is responsible for the food information associated with it. A “food business operator” is the natural or legal person responsible for ensuring that the requirements of food law are met within the food business under their control. It is currently unclear under the EU Food Information Regulation and/or the UK Food Information Regulation how many entities within the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group are or will be required to register as a food business operator responsible for food information. It is also unclear, if any entity in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group were to be required to register as a food business operator, what specific obligations would apply to it as it would not be involved in the manufacture or packaging of food. It is possible that responsibility for providing correct food information lies exclusively with the restaurants that source the food. In any event, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has to rely on the restaurant to provide correct and up-to-date food information. Even if the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is not responsible for food information under the EU Food Information Regulation or the UK Food Information Regulation, it may still be subject to an obligation to refrain from supplying food in cases where it is, or should be, aware of non-compliance with the applicable food information law and requirements of relevant national provisions. Finally, providing incorrect food information may, depending on the circumstances, qualify as an unfair commercial practice. The competent authority for enforcement of the EU Food Information Regulation in the Netherlands is the Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Authority (Nederlandse Voedsel- en Warenautoriteit).
In Germany, some case law indicates that an online food delivery platform, such as the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, qualifies as a food business operator for the purpose of the EU Food Information
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Regulation. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has therefore been establishing a system that automatically identifies and presents to consumers in Germany the ingredients of the meals offered on its platform, as required by the EU Food Information Regulation. When food information is supplied by platform restaurants, the automatically generated information is superseded by the information provided by such restaurant. While the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes that the results of the system are satisfactory, the system is not flawless, and there remains a chance that incorrect food information may be published. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is therefore currently contacting all German restaurants for the latest food information and manually correcting ingredients. In France, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has implemented a sign-off functionality for restaurants to allow them to validate the generated information. In Bulgaria, a new food law indicates that an online food delivery platform, such as the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, is required to register as a food business operator. As yet it is unclear what specific obligations will apply to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group as it is not involved in the manufacture or packaging of food.
“Gig Economy” Regulation
Government regulation of the “gig economy” (a labor market characterized by the prevalence of short-term missions or freelance work as opposed to permanent jobs), which may be applicable to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group in certain markets, has evolved considerably over the past few years and continues to do so. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, in certain of the historical Just Eat markets (the UK, Canada, Ireland, Italy, New Zealand and Australia), has adopted an independent contractor model where it engages independent contractors directly as delivery drivers, such that its delivery drivers are not employees of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group. Due to uncertainties in the interpretation of regulation in this area, as well as constant legislative evolution, the online food delivery industry has been subject to scrutiny. See “Risk Factors—Legal and Regulatory Risks” beginning on page 57 of this proxy statement/prospectus for further discussion of risks related to government regulation of, and judicial intervention in, the “gig economy.”
Organizational Structure
Just Eat Takeaway.com is the holding company of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group. Set forth below is a table containing information on the principal subsidiaries and associates of Just Eat Takeaway.com as of 31 December 2020.
Company name
Country of
incorporation
% holding
Subsidiary undertakings
 
 
Takeaway.com Group B.V.
The Netherlands
100
• Takeaway.com Central Core B.V.
The Netherlands
100
• Hello Hungry EAD
Bulgaria
100
• HH Delivery BG EOOD
Bulgaria
100
• BG Menu EOOD
Bulgaria
100
• Hellohungry Delivery S.R.L.
Romania
100
• HelloHungry S.A.
Romania
100
• Takeaway.com European Operations B.V.
The Netherlands
100
• Takeaway.com European Operations B.V. Belgium branch
Belgium
Branch
• Takeaway.com European Operations Austria branch
Austria
Branch
• Takeaway.com European Operations Portugal branch
Portugal
Branch
• Takeaway.com European Operations Switzerland branch
Switzerland
Branch
• Foodarena AG in liquidation
Switzerland
100
• sto2 sp. z.o.o.
Poland
100
• Takeaway.com Belgium Bvba
Belgium
100
• eat.ch GmbH
Switzerland
100
• Takeaway.com Express Netherlands B.V.
The Netherlands
100
• Takeaway.com Express Italy S.r.l.
Italy
100
• Takeaway.com Express France SAS
France
100
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Company name
Country of
incorporation
% holding
• Takeaway.com Express Denmark ApS
Denmark
100
• Takeaway.com Express UK Limited
United Kingdom
100
• Takeaway Express Spain S.L.
Spain
100
• Takeaway.com Express Poland Sp. z.o.o.
Poland
100
• Biscuit Holdings Israel Ltd.
Israel
100
• 10bis.co.il Ltd
Israel
100
• Scoober Tel Aviv Ltd
Israel
100
• Online Ordering Ltd.
Israel
100
• yd.yourdelivery GmbH
Germany
100
• Takeaway Express GmbH
Germany
100
• Takeaway.com Payments B.V.
The Netherlands
100
Checkers Merger Sub I, Inc
USA
100
Checkers Merger Sub II, Inc
USA
100
Just Eat Limited
United Kingdom
100
• Just Eat Holding Limited
United Kingdom
100
• Just Eat Northern Holdings Limited
United Kingdom
100
• Just Eat Denmark Holding ApS
Denmark
100
• Just Eat.dk ApS
Denmark
100
• Just Eat Host A/S
Denmark
100
• Just Eat.co.uk Limited
United Kingdom
100
• Hungryhouse Holdings Limited
United Kingdom
100
• hungryhouse GmbH
Germany
100
• Flyt Limited
United Kingdom
100
• Flyt USA Inc
USA
100
• Simbambili Ltd
Israel
100
• Practi Technologies Ltd
United Kingdom
100
• Just Eat.no AS
Norway
100
• City Pantry Ltd
United Kingdom
100
• FBA Invest SAS
France
80
• Eat On Line SA
France
80
• Just-Eat Italy S.r.l.
Italy
100
• Just-Eat.lu SarL
Luxembourg
100
• Just-Eat Spain S.L.
Spain
100
• Canary Delivery Company S.L.
Spain
100
• Skipthedishes Restaurant Services Inc.
Canada
100
• Just-Eat Ireland Limited
Ireland
100
• Just Eat Central Holdings Limited
United Kingdom
100
• Eatcity Limited
Ireland
100
• Just Eat (Acquisitions) Holding Limited
United Kingdom
100
• Just Eat (Acquisitions) Pty Limited
Australia
100
• Menulog Group Limited
Australia
100
• Eat Now Services Pty Limited
Australia
100
• Menulog Pty Limited
Australia
100
• Menulog Limited
New Zealand
100
Joint ventures
 
 
El Cocinero a Cuerda S.L.
Spain
67
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Company name
Country of
incorporation
% holding
Associates
 
 
iFood Holdings B.V.
The Netherlands
33
IF-JE Holdings B.V.
The Netherlands
33
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group controls Stichting Derdengelden Takeaway.com and as a consequence the foundation is consolidated. No equity interest is held in the foundation.
Joint Ventures
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group owns a 33% stake in iFood, the leading hybrid marketplace for takeaway food delivery in Brazil based on GMV. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group also owns, directly and indirectly (through its ownership stake in iFood), 67% of a joint venture with iFood in Mexico, El Cocinero a Cuerda SL (“ECAC”). The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has board representation for both iFood as well as ECAC and is an active participant in the strategic decision-making process. iFood is the market leader in Brazil based on GMV and, during the year ended 31 December 2020, processed 478 million orders ( 2019: 239 million orders). The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group made equity payments of €44 million to iFood and €11 million to ECAC during the year ended 31 December 2020, in each case to maintain its percentage shareholding in each entity. ECAC operations ceased on 4 December 2020 and, as at 31 December 2020, the business has been closed down and no remaining commitments have been made relating to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s interest in this joint venture.
Related Party Transactions
During the year ended 31 December 2020, the year ended 31 December 2019 and the year ended 31 December 2018, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group entered into the following related party transactions:
Year Ended 31 December 2020
During the year ended 31 December 2020, Just Eat Takeaway.com made equity payments of €55 million comprised of €44 million to iFood and €11 million to ECAC, in each case to maintain its percentage shareholding in each entity.
Year Ended 31 December 2019
During the year ended 31 December 2019, a €1.7 million loan to a related party, Takeaway.com Asia B.V., was fully repaid in connection with the divestiture of Takeaway.com Asia B.V.
Year Ended 31 December 2018
During the year ended 31 December 2018, a €1.7 million loan was extended to a related party, Takeaway.com Asia B.V., by members of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group.
Material Contracts
Delivery Hero Relationship Agreement
As part of the acquisition by Just Eat Takeaway.com (at that time named Takeaway.com N.V.) and Takeaway.com Group B.V. of the German businesses of Delivery Hero, consisting of Delivery Hero Germany GmbH and Foodora GmbH, which operate the Pizza.de, Lieferheld and foodora brands in Germany (the “Acquired German Businesses”) (considering that certain intellectual property rights and IT of Delivery Hero were not transferred, but rather licensed during a transitional period) (the “German Businesses Acquisition”), Just Eat Takeaway.com and Delivery Hero have entered into a relationship agreement for a period ending on the later of (i) seven years after completion of the German Businesses Acquisition on 1 April 2019 (the “German Businesses Completion”) and (ii) the date on which Delivery Hero no longer holds any Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares (the “Relationship Agreement”).
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Certain key terms and conditions of the Relationship Agreement are described below.
i.
Pursuant to the Relationship Agreement, following the German Businesses Completion, Delivery Hero had the right to designate one person for appointment to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board (provided that such person is independent), who would be a member of the audit committee of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board (if installed). The right to designate a person for appointment to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board expired on the date that Delivery Hero held less than 9.99% of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s issued and outstanding share capital, and the designated Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board director had an obligation to resign as of the first General Meeting that was convened thereafter.
ii.
In addition, the parties have agreed to a standstill period of four years following the German Businesses Completion, during which time Delivery Hero and its subsidiaries, with certain exceptions (including a right to prevent dilution of Delivery Hero’s shareholding in Just Eat Takeaway.com after any dilution in connection with (re)financing the cash consideration of the German Businesses Acquisition), shall, in particular, not directly or indirectly in any way effect or cause to effect any increases in their shareholding in Just Eat Takeaway.com through any financial instruments or related derivative securities.
iii.
During the standstill period, Delivery Hero and its subsidiaries may sell, transfer and otherwise dispose of any Just Eat Takeaway.com financial instruments held by them, but may not make such a disposal to certain restricted parties active in the online food delivery industry.
iv.
During the standstill period and up to three years after that period, Delivery Hero may only vote up to a limited number of shares in respect of any proposal relating to (i) mergers, acquisitions, divestments, or sales or purchases of any assets, including the financing thereof, (ii) any proposal pursuant to Section 2:107a Dutch Civil Code and (iii) any issue of Just Eat Takeaway.com financial instruments (or any exclusion or amendment of any pre-emptive rights in relation thereto) by Just Eat Takeaway.com or its affiliates if such issue (a) relates to an item under (i), or (b) is required by the financial position of Just Eat Takeaway.com. In case of a conflict of interest on such matters, Delivery Hero may not vote at all. If Delivery Hero has announced a public offer for Just Eat Takeaway.com in accordance with the following two paragraphs of this section, or if Delivery Hero has declared an offer in accordance with the last paragraph of this section unconditional, the voting restrictions set out in this paragraph cease to be effective.
v.
If, during the standstill period, a recommended public offer for Just Eat Takeaway.com is announced, Delivery Hero may submit a proposal to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board to make a public offer for Just Eat Takeaway.com. If the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board determines that the proposal is superior, it will allow Delivery Hero to make such superior offer within 10 business days thereafter.
vi.
If, during the standstill period, an unsolicited public offer for Just Eat Takeaway.com is announced, Delivery Hero may submit a proposal to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board to make a public offer for Just Eat Takeaway.com if it is allowed to do so by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board (in its sole discretion, acting in good faith and in compliance with its fiduciary duties). If the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board determines that the proposal is superior, it will allow Delivery Hero to make such superior offer within 10 business days thereafter.
vii.
After the standstill period, Delivery Hero (i) may only make a public offer for Just Eat Takeaway.com if such offer at least contains, as a condition precedent to declaring such offer unconditional (gestand doen), which condition may only be waived by Delivery Hero with the prior approval of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board, a minimum acceptance level threshold of at least 67%, and (ii) may not trigger any applicable obligation to make a mandatory offer pursuant to article 5:70 of the Dutch Financial Markets Supervision Act (Wet op het financieel toezicht) for all shares in Just Eat Takeaway.com.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is currently in arbitration proceedings with Delivery Hero in connection with the Relationship Agreement. See “—Legal and Administrative Proceedings—Delivery Hero Arbitration” beginning on page 188 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
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Convertible Bonds 2019
Just Eat Takeaway.com issued €250 million 2.25% convertible bonds due 2024 on 25 January 2019 (the “Convertible Bonds 2019”). The principal terms of the Convertible Bonds 2019 are as follows:
i.
the Convertible Bonds 2019 bear interest at the rate of 2.25% per annum payable semi-annually in arrear in equal installments on 25 January and 25 July of each year;
ii.
unless previously redeemed, converted or purchased and cancelled, each Convertible Bond 2019 shall be redeemed at its principal amount together with accrued and unpaid interest on 25 January 2024 (the “2019 Bonds Maturity Date”);
iii.
the Convertible Bonds 2019 constitute direct, unconditional, unsubordinated and (subject to the negative pledge) unsecured obligations of Just Eat Takeaway.com, ranking pari passu and without preference among themselves and at least equally with all other unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of Just Eat Takeaway.com;
iv.
2019 Bondholders have the right to convert their Convertible Bonds 2019 into Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares at any time before: (i) the seventh business day prior to the 2019 Bonds Maturity Date; or (ii) if the Convertible Bonds 2019 are called for redemption prior to the 2019 Bonds Maturity Date, the seventh business day prior the redemption date;
v.
the initial conversion price of the Convertible Bonds 2019 is €69.525, representing an initial conversion premium of 35% above the price of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share on the pricing date;
vi.
the conversion price will be adjusted on the occurrence of certain events, including a change of control of Just Eat Takeaway.com, a merger event or other corporate actions, such as the sale of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares at a discount of more than 5% compared to market price at the time of sale, stock splits or consolidations, and certain dividends and distributions. The Transaction does not constitute a change of control event or a merger event under the terms of the 2019 Convertible Bonds;
vii.
the Convertible Bonds 2019 contain customary capital markets negative pledge and event of default provisions, including non-payment, failure to issue or transfer and deliver Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares upon conversion, breach of undertakings, cross default, certain insolvency events, illegality or cessation of business;
viii.
the Convertible Bonds 2019 are redeemable at their principal amount together with accrued and unpaid interest in the following circumstances:
at the option of Just Eat Takeaway.com, on or after 9 February 2022 if the value of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share exceeds 130% of the conversion price over a certain period;
at the option of Just Eat Takeaway.com, if conversion rights have been exercised and/or purchases (and corresponding cancellations) and/or redemptions effected in respect of 85% or more in principal amount of the Convertible Bonds 2019 originally issued;
following occurrence of a change of control of Just Eat Takeaway.com, each 2019 Bondholder has the right to require Just Eat Takeaway.com to redeem the Convertible Bonds 2019 held by that 2019 Bondholder; and
at the option of Just Eat Takeaway.com, if Just Eat Takeaway.com has or will become obliged to pay additional amounts in respect of payments of interest on the Convertible Bonds 2019 as a result of any change in tax law, subject to the right of 2019 Bondholders to elect to receive interest net of tax instead of their Convertible Bonds 2019 being redeemed; and
ix.
the Convertible Bonds 2019 are governed by, and contributed in accordance with, Dutch law.
Convertible Bonds 2020
Just Eat Takeaway.com issued €300 million 1.25% convertible bonds due 2026 on 30 April 2020 (the “Convertible Bonds 2020”). The principal terms of the Convertible Bonds 2020 are as follows:
i.
the Convertible Bonds 2020 bear interest at the rate of 1.25% per annum payable semi-annually in arrear in equal installments on 30 April and 30 October of each year;
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ii.
unless previously redeemed, converted or purchased and cancelled, each Convertible Bond 2020 shall be redeemed at its principal amount together with accrued and unpaid interest on 30 April 2026 (the “2020 Bonds Maturity Date”);
iii.
the Convertible Bonds 2020 constitute direct, unconditional, unsubordinated and (subject to the negative pledge) unsecured obligations of Just Eat Takeaway.com, ranking pari passu and without preference among themselves and at least equally with all other unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of Just Eat Takeaway.com;
iv.
holders of the Convertible Bonds 2020 (each a “2020 Bondholder”) have the right to convert their Convertible Bonds 2020 into Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares at any time before: (i) the seventh business day prior to the 2020 Bonds Maturity Date; or (ii) if the Convertible Bonds 2020 are called for redemption prior to the 2020 Bonds Maturity Date, the seventh business day prior the redemption date;
v.
the initial conversion price of the Convertible Bonds 2020 is €121.80, representing an initial conversion premium of 40% above the price of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share on the pricing date;
vi.
the conversion price will be adjusted on the occurrence of certain events, including a change of control of Just Eat Takeaway.com, a merger event or other corporate actions, such as the sale of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares at a discount of more than 5% compared to market price at the time of sale, stock splits or consolidations, and certain dividends and distributions. The Transaction does not constitute a change of control event or a merger event under the terms of the 2020 Convertible Bonds;
vii.
the Convertible Bonds 2020 contain customary capital markets negative pledge and event of default provisions, including non-payment, failure to issue or transfer and deliver Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares upon conversion, breach of undertakings, cross default, certain insolvency events, illegality or cessation of business;
viii.
the Convertible Bonds 2020 are redeemable at their principal amount together with accrued and unpaid interest in the following circumstances:
at the option of Just Eat Takeaway.com, on or after 15 May 2023 and up to but excluding 15 May 2024, if the value of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share exceeds 150% of the conversion price over a certain period;
at the option of Just Eat Takeaway.com, on or after 15 May 2024, if the value of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share exceeds 130% of the conversion price over a certain period;
at the option of Just Eat Takeaway.com, if conversion rights have been exercised and/or purchases (and corresponding cancellations) and/or redemptions effected in respect of 85% or more in principal amount of the Convertible Bonds 2020 originally issued;
following occurrence of a change of control of Just Eat Takeaway.com, each 2020 Bondholder has the right to require Just Eat Takeaway.com to redeem the Convertible Bonds 2020 held by that 2020 Bondholder; and
at the option of Just Eat Takeaway.com, if Just Eat Takeaway.com has or will become obliged to pay additional amounts in respect of payments of interest on the Convertible Bonds 2020 as a result of any change in tax law, subject to the right of 2020 Bondholders to elect to receive interest net of tax instead of their Convertible Bonds 2020 being redeemed; and
ix.
the Convertible Bonds 2020 are governed by, and contributed in accordance with, Dutch law.
Tranche A Convertible Bonds 2021
Just Eat Takeaway.com issued €600 million aggregate principal amount of zero coupon convertible bonds due 2025 (the “Tranche A Convertible Bonds 2021”) on 9 February 2021. The principal terms of the Tranche A Convertible Bonds 2021 are as follows:
i.
the Tranche A Convertible Bonds 2021 do not bear interest;
ii.
unless previously redeemed, converted or purchased and cancelled, each Tranche A Convertible Bond 2021 shall be redeemed at its principal amount on 9 August 2025 (the “Tranche A Maturity Date”);
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iii.
the Tranche A Convertible Bonds 2021 constitute direct, unconditional, unsubordinated and (subject to the negative pledge) unsecured obligations of Just Eat Takeaway.com, ranking pari passu and without preference among themselves and at least equally with all other unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of Just Eat Takeaway.com;
iv.
holders of the Tranche A Convertible Bonds 2021 (each, a “Tranche A 2021 Bondholder”) have the right to convert their Tranche A Convertible Bonds 2021 into Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares at any time before: (i) the seventh business day prior to the Tranche A Maturity Date; or (ii) if the Tranche A Convertible Bonds 2021 are called for redemption prior to the Tranche A Maturity Date, the seventh business day prior to the redemption date;
v.
the initial conversion price of the Tranche A Convertible Bonds 2021 is €135.5750, representing an initial conversion premium of 45% above the price of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share in the simultaneous placement of existing Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares on behalf of certain subscribers of the Convertible Bonds 2021 on the pricing date (the “Concurrent Delta Placement”);
vi.
the conversion price will be adjusted on the occurrence of certain events, including a change of control of Just Eat Takeaway.com, a merger event or other corporate actions, such as the sale of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares at a discount of more than 5% compared to market price at the time of sale, stock splits or consolidations, and certain dividends and distributions;
vii.
the Tranche A Convertible Bonds 2021 contain customary capital markets negative pledge and event of default provisions, including non-payment, failure to issue or transfer and deliver Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares upon conversion, breach of undertakings, cross default, certain insolvency events, illegality or cessation of business;
viii.
the Tranche A Convertible Bonds 2021 are redeemable at their principal amount in the following circumstances:
at the option of Just Eat Takeaway.com, on or after 24 August 2023, if the value of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share exceeds 130% of the conversion price over a certain period;
at the option of Just Eat Takeaway.com, if conversion rights have been exercised and/or purchases (and corresponding cancellations) and/or redemptions effected in respect of 85% or more in principal amount of the Tranche A Convertible Bonds 2021 originally issued; and
following occurrence of a change of control of Just Eat Takeaway.com, each Tranche A 2021 Bondholder has the right to require Just Eat Takeaway.com to redeem the Tranche A Convertible Bonds 2021 held by that Tranche A 2021 Bondholder; and
ix.
the Tranche A Convertible Bonds 2021 are governed by, and contributed in accordance with, Dutch law. Tranche B Convertible Bonds 2021
Just Eat Takeaway.com issued €500 million aggregate principal amount of 0.625% convertible bonds due 2028 (the “Tranche B Convertible Bonds 2021”) on 9 February 2021. The principal terms of the Tranche B Convertible Bonds 2021 are as follows:
i.
the Tranche B Convertible Bonds bear interest at the rate of 0.625% per annum payable semi-annually in arrear in equal installments on 9 February and 9 August of each year;
ii.
unless previously redeemed, converted or purchased and cancelled, each Tranche B Convertible Bond 2021 shall be redeemed at its principal amount together with accrued and unpaid interest on 9 February 2028 (the “Tranche B Maturity Date”);
iii.
the Tranche B Convertible Bonds 2021 constitute direct, unconditional, unsubordinated and (subject to the negative pledge) unsecured obligations of Just Eat Takeaway.com, ranking pari passu and without preference among themselves and at least equally with all other unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of Just Eat Takeaway.com;
iv.
holders of the Tranche B Convertible Bonds 2021 (each, a “Tranche B 2021 Bondholder”) have the right to convert their Tranche B Convertible Bonds 2021 into Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares at any
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time before: (i) the seventh business day prior to the Tranche B Maturity Date; or (ii) if the Tranche B Convertible Bonds 2021 are called for redemption prior to the Tranche B Maturity Date the seventh business day prior to the redemption date;
v.
the initial conversion price of the Tranche B Convertible Bonds 2021 is €144.9250, representing an initial conversion premium of 55% above the price of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share in the Concurrent Delta Placement;
vi.
the conversion price will be adjusted on the occurrence of certain events, including a change of control of Just Eat Takeaway.com, a merger event or other corporate actions, such as the sale of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares at a discount of more than 5% compared to market price at the time of sale, stock splits or consolidations, and certain dividends and distributions;
vii.
the Tranche B Convertible Bonds 2021 contain customary capital markets negative pledge and event of default provisions, including non-payment, failure to issue or transfer and deliver Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares upon conversion, breach of undertakings, cross default, certain insolvency events, illegality or cessation of business;
viii.
the Tranche B Convertible Bonds 2021 are redeemable at their principal amount together with accrued and unpaid interest in the following circumstances:
at the option of Just Eat Takeaway.com, on or after 24 February 2025 and up to but excluding 24 February 2026, if the value of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share exceeds 150% of the conversion price over a certain period;
at the option of Just Eat Takeaway.com, on or after 24 February 2026, if the value of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share exceeds 130% of the conversion price over a certain period;
at the option of Just Eat Takeaway.com, if conversion rights have been exercised and/or purchases (and corresponding cancellations) and/or redemptions effected in respect of 85% or more in principal amount of the Tranche B Convertible Bonds 2020 originally issued;
following occurrence of a change of control of Just Eat Takeaway.com, each Tranche B 2021 Bondholder has the right to require Just Eat Takeaway.com to redeem the Tranche B Convertible Bonds 2021 held by that Tranche B 2021 Bondholder; and
at the option of Just Eat Takeaway.com, if Just Eat Takeaway.com has or will become obliged to pay additional amounts in respect of payments of interest on the Tranche B Convertible Bonds 2021 as a result of any change in tax law, subject to the right of Tranche B 2021 Bondholders to elect to receive interest net of tax instead of their Tranche B Convertible Bonds 2021 being redeemed; and
ix.
the Tranche B Convertible Bonds 2021 are governed by, and contributed in accordance with, Dutch law.
Just Eat Revolving Credit Facility
On 2 November 2017, Just Eat entered into a multi-currency revolving loan facility (as amended and restated on 9 March 2020, the “Just Eat Facility”) with total commitments of £535 million, denominated in two tranches, £267.5 million and €307.6 million, and subject to an option to increase the commitments under the facility by a further £200 million. The borrowers under the Just Eat Facility are Just Eat, Just Eat Holding Limited and Takeaway.com Group B.V., and such borrowers and certain subsidiaries of Just Eat Takeaway.com guarantee the borrowers’ obligations under the Just Eat Facility. The principal terms of the Just Eat Facility are as follows:
i.
loans under the Just Eat Facility bear interest at a rate of LIBOR (or in the case of loans in euro or Canadian dollars, EURIBOR or CIDOR), plus a margin ranging from 0.75% to 1.35% based on Just Eat’s Leverage Ratio (defined below);
ii.
a commitment fee equal to 35% of the applicable margin per annum on the lenders’ undrawn commitments;
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iii.
a utilization fee ranging between 0.10% and 0.40%, depending on the balance drawn under the Just Eat Facility, applies;
iv.
availability of amounts under the Just Eat Facility is subject to compliance with financial covenants, tested semi-annually. The covenants require that:
the ratio of total net debt to “Adjusted EBITDA (as such term is defined in the Just Eat Facility) for Just Eat shall not exceed 3.0:1 (the “Leverage Ratio”), subject to certain exceptions; and
the ratio of “Adjusted EBITDA” (as such term is defined in the Just Eat Facility) to net finance charges for Just Eat shall not be less than 4.0:1;
v.
upon either a change of control of Just Eat or Just Eat Takeaway.com ceasing to trade on at least one of Euronext Amsterdam and the London Stock Exchange, lenders shall not be obligated to fund any further utilizations of the Just Eat Facility and, upon notice to the agent, lenders may cancel their respective commitments under the Just Eat Facility and declare their participation in any outstanding loans, together with accrued interest and all other amounts accrued or outstanding, immediately due and payable;
vi.
the Just Eat Facility contains a customary negative pledge and event of default provisions including non-payment, failure to satisfy the financial covenants, breach of other obligations, cross default, certain insolvency events, illegality, cessation of business or material adverse change;
vii.
in the event that, among other things, the administrator of LIBOR publicly announces that it has ceased or will cease to provide LIBOR permanently or indefinitely, the supervisor of the administrator of LIBOR publicly announces that LIBOR has been or will be permanently or indefinitely discontinued or, in the opinion of the Majority Lenders (as defined in the Just Eat Facility) and Just Eat Takeaway.com, LIBOR is otherwise no longer appropriate for the purposes of calculating interest under the Just Eat Facility, the Just Eat Facility may be amended with the consent of the agent (acting on the instructions of the Majority Lenders) and Just Eat Takeaway.com to provide for use of a replacement benchmark rate in place of LIBOR. Such replacement benchmark rate shall be a rate which is (a) formally designated, nominated or recommended as the replacement benchmark rate for LIBOR by the administrator of LIBOR or any relevant central bank, regulator or other supervisory authority, (b) in the opinion of the Majority Lenders and Just Eat Takeaway.com, generally accepted in the relevant syndicated loan markets as the appropriate successor to LIBOR or (c) in the opinion of the Majority Lenders and Just Eat Takeaway.com is an appropriate successor to LIBOR;
viii.
the Just Eat Facility matures on 9 March 2025; and
ix.
the Just Eat Facility is governed by English law.
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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS OF THE JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM GROUP
The following is a discussion and analysis of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s results of operations and financial condition as at and for the years ended 31 December 2020, 2019 and 2018 (the “periods under review”). Except where otherwise noted, the discussion of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s results of operations is based on the financial information extracted from the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements. Pro forma financial information relating to the combined financial information of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group, and the Just Eat Group is set forth in the section entitled “Just Eat Takeaway.com Group Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Information” beginning on page 255 of this proxy statement/prospectus. This discussion should also be read in conjunction with the information relating to the business of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group included in “About this Proxy Statement/Prospectus—Presentation of Financial and Other Information” and “Selected Historical Consolidated Financial Data of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group” beginning on pages viii and 131, respectively, of this proxy statement/prospectus.
The Just Eat Group was consolidated into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group from 15 April 2020. Due to the scale of the Just Eat Group, certain key performance indicators (each, a “KPI” and, together, the “KPIs”) in this section are presented on the basis of combined results of the Just Eat Group and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group giving effect to the Just Eat Acquisition as of a certain date in order to provide comparable information for the periods under review. Any information regarding KPIs that is presented on the basis of combined results of the Just Eat Group and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is explicitly identified as such. All other information regarding KPIs presented in this section consists of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s actual results. Furthermore, due to the scale of the Just Eat Group and the resulting impact of its consolidation into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group on the financial results of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group during the year ended 31 December 2020, the comparative discussion of the financial results of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group for the year ended 31 December 2020 and the year ended 31 December 2019 may be of limited use in assessing the performance of the business year-over-year.
The discussion in this section contains forward-looking statements that reflect the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s plans, estimates and beliefs and involve risks and uncertainties. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s actual results could differ materially from those discussed in these forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed below and elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus, particularly in “Risk Factors” and “Cautionary Information Regarding Forward-Looking Statements and Risk Factor Summary” beginning on pages 34 and xiv, respectively, of this proxy statement/prospectus.
The following discussion of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s results of operations also makes reference to certain non-IFRS financial measures. Prospective investors should bear in mind that these non-IFRS financial measures are not financial measures defined in accordance with IFRS, may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies, may have limitations as analytical tools and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s operating results as reported under IFRS. See “About this Proxy Statement/Prospectus—Presentation of Financial and Other Information—Key Non-IFRS Measures of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group” beginning on page viii of this proxy statement/prospectus.
The financial information and related discussion and analysis contained in this section are presented in euro unless specified otherwise, and many of the amounts and percentages have been rounded for convenience of presentation.
Overview
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group generates revenue primarily through the Orders placed on its platform. This revenue is derived principally from commissions charged to restaurants based on a percentage of the gross merchandise value (“GMV”) of a particular Order, and, to a lesser extent, delivery fees charged to the consumer for delivery services provided by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s own logistical food delivery services for Orders from restaurants that do not deliver themselves (“Delivery”), payment services fees charged to restaurants for processing online payments and other revenue streams such as restaurant promoted placement, subscription, and merchandise revenue.
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The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group benefits from powerful network effects, which enhances the value of its platform for both consumers and restaurants, and as such, positively impacts its performance. An increase in the number of Active Consumers (as defined below in “—Key Performance Indicators” beginning on page 202 of this proxy statement/prospectus) on the platform drives the number of Orders, as (i) new consumers bring new Orders to the platform and (ii) the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s experience suggests that the frequency of ordering from returning consumers generally increases over time. More Orders result in more GMV being generated over the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s platforms, which in turn attracts more restaurants seeking to benefit from the enhanced business opportunity. Restaurant supply growth is also a function of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s investment in its sales teams, which improves the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s capacity to acquire new restaurants, and ability to offer Delivery to those restaurants that do not deliver themselves. The growing number of restaurants on its platforms enhances and diversifies the offering, in turn attracting more consumers. The data gathered from Orders placed on the platform further enable the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group to enhance its offering to restaurants and consumers. The data also enables greater personalization and targeted consumer relation management to consumers to optimize Orders per Returning Active Consumer (as defined below in “—Key Performance Indicators” beginning on page 202 of this proxy statement/prospectus), and opportunities for restaurants to acquire Orders, for example through targeted promotion to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consumers.
The self-reinforcing nature of these network effects not only helps the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group to grow its GMV but also to sustain its position and to improve its ability to produce positive adjusted EBITDA within segments where it is able to attain clear leadership based on GMV. As an increasing number of Orders are generated by a predictable base of existing consumers and considering relatively stable platform costs, a clear leader is able to achieve operational leverage, typically including lower marketing costs per Order (calculated as marketing expenditures divided by number of Orders), and therefore higher operating margins than competitors with lower GMV.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has invested in establishing and expanding its Delivery services, enhancing the network effects through combining its marketplace with a targeted roll-out of Delivery to create hybrid marketplaces. This strategy recognizes the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s belief that the winning model in online food delivery will be the one which gives consumers the broadest choice and the best experience. Having established market-leading positions in terms of GMV in its largest markets, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is successfully building a meaningful and highly complementary Delivery offering for those restaurants – including global quick service restaurant chains – that do not have their own delivery capability. This has driven the creation of a hybrid marketplace model that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes is well placed to retain, enhance or gain leading positions.
While initiatives such as investing in marketing and expanding the delivery offering, depending on their nature and timing, impact the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s costs and financial results, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group considers it important to continue to invest to drive the significant long-term value creation opportunity and believes that these strategic initiatives will capitalize on the strengths of its hybrid marketplace and will serve to: (a) further develop or grow its market positions; (b) offer consumers the broadest choice across meal occasions thereby enhancing the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consumer growth and retention, Orders per Returning Active Consumer and delivery economics at scale; and (c) drive long-term revenue growth and profit.
Key Performance Indicators
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s management uses certain KPIs to analyze the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s business and financial performance and help develop long-term strategic plans. These KPIs are not included in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements and have not been audited or otherwise reviewed by independent auditors, consultants or experts. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s KPIs are defined as follows:
Restaurants. The total number of restaurants listed on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s platforms as at a particular date. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes the total number of restaurants is a useful measure for investors because growth in the number of restaurants on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s platforms enhances and diversifies the offering to consumers, in turn attracting more
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consumers, and, as such, promotes network effects and positively impacts performance. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s management uses the total number of restaurants listed on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s platforms internally to evaluate market position and penetration, and to assess the value proposition to consumers.
Active Consumers. Unique consumer accounts (identified by a unique email address) from which at least one Order has been placed on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s platforms in the preceding 12 months. Some individual consumers may have more than one account and therefore count as more than one Active Consumer if they used multiple email addresses to order food. Similarly, it is possible that multiple consumers may use the same email address, in which case such consumers would only be counted as a single Active Consumer. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes, however, that it is unlikely that there is a significant number of individual consumers with multiple accounts, each of which is active. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes Active Consumers is a useful measure for investors because it indicates the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s market position and level of penetration in a particular market, and allows investors to assess the level of engagement with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s platforms based on growth in Active Consumers. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s management uses Active Consumers, as a key revenue driver, to evaluate operating performance and as a valuable measure of the size of its engaged base of consumers.
Orders. The number of Orders by consumers that were processed through the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s websites and mobile applications (that is, excluding orders processed through third party websites). The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes the number of Orders is a useful measure for investors because revenue from commissions, the primary source of revenue for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, is generated from Orders, growth of which leads to greater GMV and therefore greater commissions. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s management uses Orders to assess performance, including across segments or periods, while controlling for changes in commission rates.
Delivery Share. Delivery Share is calculated as a percentage equal to (i) the number of Orders for Delivery by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group (“Delivery Orders”) in a particular period divided by (ii) the total number of Orders in such period. Delivery Orders have fundamentally different unit economics to Orders which are delivered by the restaurants themselves, so the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes Delivery Share is a useful measure for investors as it provides insight into one of the main drivers of adjusted EBITDA margin in each market.
Orders per Returning Active Consumer. Orders per Returning Active Consumer is calculated as the number of Orders by a Returning Active Consumer during the period divided by the average number of Returning Active Consumers (where “Returning Active Consumer” is defined as Active Consumers who have ordered more than once in the preceding 12 months) during the period. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes the number of Orders per Returning Active Consumer is a useful measure for investors because growth of such Orders reflects continued user activation and engagement and may lead to reduced marketing costs per Order. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s management uses Orders per Returning Active Consumer to assess consumer retention and engagement, and to implement supply- or demand-based initiatives to continuously improve this metric and generate more Orders.
Average Order Value. Average Order Value represents GMV divided by the number of Orders in a particular period. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes Average Order Value is a useful measure for investors because it gives insight into structural differences in the cost of food between markets, which impacts revenue from commissions, the primary source of revenue for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, as it is based on the GMV of merchandise (food) sold via Orders. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s management uses Average Order Value primarily for forecasting purposes.
Gross Merchandise Value (GMV). GMV consists of total value of merchandise (food) sold via Orders in a particular period. GMV includes commissionable value and therefore does not include service or delivery fees charged by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, nor does it include tips which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group collects on behalf of couriers. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes GMV is a useful measure for investors because revenue from commissions, the primary source of revenue for
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the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, is based on the GMV of merchandise (food) sold via Orders and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s management uses GMV to assess performance, including across segments or periods, while controlling for changes in commission rates.
Key Factors Affecting Results of Operations
Growth in Number of Orders and Delivery Share
The number of Orders placed and processed through the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s platforms has a direct impact on its financial performance. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes that the number of Orders, which are placed and processed in a particular market, is largely driven by network effects and brand awareness and preference among consumers in its markets, as well as a secular trend of food ordering gradually shifting from offline channels to online channels, which is a common feature across all markets. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has continued to invest significantly in marketing in the periods under review, which has been designed to enhance brand awareness and preference, so as to establish and maintain its market-leading positions based on GMV in its largest markets and thereby enhance network effects. See “—Key Factors Affecting Results of OperationsMarketing Expenditure” beginning on page 208 of this proxy statement/prospectus. Orders are also driven by restaurant supply, which includes the growth in restaurant supply from offering Delivery services for restaurants that do not deliver themselves.
Network effects have led to, and have been enhanced by, increases in the numbers of restaurants and Active Consumers in the periods under review. In addition, the number of restaurants and Active Consumers has increased due to the acquisitions of Just Eat and the Acquired German Businesses (see “—Key Factors Affecting Results of OperationsAcquisitions and Divestitures” beginning on page 208 of this proxy statement/prospectus). The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group had approximately 244,000 restaurants and 60 million Active Consumers as at 31 December 2020 on a combined basis, as compared with approximately 173,000 restaurants and 48 million Active Consumers as at 31 December 2019. The restaurant estate increased due to the network effects mentioned above and the investments in sales staff as well as the Delivery option, thereby creating a larger and wider offering for the consumer. Although the growth rate of new consumers naturally varies to some extent, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has consistently increased the number of Active Consumers. These comprise consumers who were already ordering from earlier cohorts as well as new customers, which was strengthened by the increase in Returning Active Consumers in recent years.
In addition, the impact of the number of Orders on the financial performance of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is further affected by Delivery Share as Delivery Orders carry a significantly higher commission rate than those delivered by the restaurants and/or include consumer delivery charges.
The following tables present the number of Orders and Delivery Share for the periods indicated:
 
Combined(1)
Actual
in millions
Year ended
31 December
Year ended
31 December
Total Orders
2020
2019
2018
2020
2019
2018
United Kingdom
179
133
123
141
NA(3)
NA(3)
Germany(4)
112
69
33
112
69
33
Canada
86
48
31
69
NA(3)
NA(3)
The Netherlands
49
38
33
49
38
33
Rest of the World(5)
162
125
91
139
52
29
Total Orders
588
413
310
510
159
94
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Combined(1)
Actual
in millions
Year ended
31 December
Year ended
31 December
Delivery Share (%)
2020
2019
2018
2020
2019
2018
United Kingdom
15%
8%
U/A(2)
17%
NA(3)
NA(3)
Germany(4)
7%
5%
U/A(2)
7%
6%
U/A(2)
Canada
100%
100%
U/A(2)
100%
NA(3)
NA(3)
The Netherlands
8%
5%
U/A(2)
8%
5%
U/A(2)
Rest of the World(5)
20%
9%
U/A(2)
21%
6%
U/A(2)
Total
26%
18%
12%
30%
5%
3%
(1)
The Just Eat Group was consolidated into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group from 15 April 2020. Due to the scale of the Just Eat Group, these figures are presented on the basis of combined results of the Just Eat Group and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group as if the Just Eat Acquisition had been completed on 1 January 2018 to provide comparable information for the periods presented. The actual results of the Just Eat Group for the periods prior to the completion of the Just Eat Acquisition have been added to the actual results of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group for such periods. These figures do not adjust for any acquisitions during the periods presented other than the Just Eat Acquisition.
(2)
Delivery Share information with respect to the year ended 31 December 2018 is not available at the segment level or on a combined basis, in accordance with note (1) above, because such metric was formally implemented to track the business and financial performance of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group after the end of such period.
(3)
The Just Eat Group was consolidated into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group from 15 April 2020. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group did not have operations in the United Kingdom or Canada during the years ended 31 December 2019 and 2018.
(4)
The Acquired German Businesses were consolidated into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group from 1 April 2019. These figures do not reflect the operations or results of the Acquired German Businesses prior to 1 April 2019.
(5)
See “—Segmental Just Eat Takeaway.com Group Results of Operations” beginning on page 222 of this proxy statement/prospectus for information regarding the markets comprising the Rest of the World during the periods under review.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has experienced significant and sustained growth in the number of Orders in each of its largest markets. This reflects both significant organic growth in the number of Orders in the periods under review, which Just Eat Takeaway.com attributes largely to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consumer proposition, the Just Eat Acquisition and the German Businesses Acquisition. To track the growth and stability of its consumer base, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group monitors the number of Orders generated by consumer cohorts (consumers grouped by the calendar period in which they each first placed an Order with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group) over time. The increase in the number of Orders in existing markets reflects the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s success in adding Orders from new consumers to Orders from existing consumers that have exhibited predictability in terms of Order frequency. Growth in the number of Orders in Germany and certain countries in the Rest of the World also reflects, in addition to organic growth, the impact of acquisitions during the periods under review. See “—Key Factors Affecting Results of OperationsAcquisitions and Divestitures” beginning on page 208 of this proxy statement/prospectus. Orders in the United Kingdom and Canada in the year ended 31 December 2020 reflect the Just Eat Acquisition and consolidation of the Just Eat Group into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group from 15 April 2020. On a combined basis reflecting results as if the Just Eat Acquisition had been completed on 1 January 2019, Orders per Returning Active Consumer increased to 15.2 in the year ended 31 December 2020 as compared with 13.2 in the year ended 31 December 2019.
Average Order Value
As the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s commissions are typically a percentage of GMV of a particular Order, Order value size is a significant factor affecting results of operations. Average Order Value is largely a function of general economic conditions and other factors specific to each market, which are, in large part, outside of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s control.
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The following table presents Average Order Value (GMV divided by the number of Orders) for the periods indicated:
 
Combined(1)
Actual
 
Year ended 31 December
Year ended 31 December
Average Order Value (€)(2)
2020
2019
2019
2020
2019
2018
United Kingdom
22.34
21.36
20.63
22.28
NA(3)
NA(3)
Germany(4)
22.67
20.90
20.39
22.67
20.90
20.39
Canada
20.37
20.22
20.50
20.38
NA(3)
NA(3)
The Netherlands
23.54
21.42
20.61
23.54
21.42
20.61
Rest of the World(5)
21.55
19.82
21.09
21.54
14.99
15.65
Average Order Value(6)
22.00
20.69
20.72
22.08
19.10
19.02
(1)
The Just Eat Group was consolidated into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group from 15 April 2020. Due to the scale of the Just Eat Group, these figures are presented on the basis of combined results of the Just Eat Group and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group as if the Just Eat Acquisition had been completed on 1 January 2018 to provide comparable information for the periods presented. These figures do not adjust for any acquisitions during the periods presented other than the Just Eat Acquisition.
(2)
Transactions in currencies other than euro are initially recognized at the rates of exchange prevailing at the dates of the transactions and, at the end of each reporting period, monetary items denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at that date.
(3)
The Just Eat Group was consolidated into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group from 15 April 2020. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group did not have operations in the United Kingdom or Canada during the years ended 31 December 2019 and 2018.
(4)
The Acquired German Businesses were consolidated into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group from 1 April 2019. These figures do not reflect the operations or results of the Acquired German Businesses prior to 1 April 2019.
(5)
See “—Segmental Just Eat Takeaway.com Group Results of Operations” beginning on page 222 of this proxy statement/prospectus for information regarding the markets comprising the Rest of the World during the periods under review.
(6)
Weighted average, calculated as total GMV during the applicable period divided by the total number of Orders during such period.
There are significant variations in the Average Order Value across markets. For example, certain markets in the Rest of the World, such as Poland, have significantly lower Average Order Value as compared with other markets, largely reflecting the lower relative cost of food, while other markets in this segment, such as Switzerland, have a higher Average Order Value reflecting the higher cost of food in Switzerland generally. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s overall Average Order Value is impacted by the relative growth of higher Average Order Value markets against lower Average Order Value markets and the addition of higher Average Order Value or lower Average Order Value markets through acquisitions.
Commissions, Delivery Fees and Other Revenue
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s results of operations are dependent upon the commissions, delivery fees charged to consumers and other revenue that it receives, which includes online payment services fees, promoted placement fees and sales of merchandise. The following table presents commission revenue, consumer delivery fee revenue and other revenue for the periods indicated:
€ in millions
Year ended
31 December
 
2020
2019
2018
Commission revenue
1,654
372
210
Consumer delivery fees
231
(1)
(1)
Other revenue
157
44
22
Revenue
2,042
416
232
(1)
The Just Eat Group was consolidated into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group from 15 April 2020. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group did not have consumer delivery fee revenue during the years ended 31 December 2019 and 2018.
Commissions
Commission revenue is earned through contracts with restaurants and through arrangements entered into with consumers via the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s ordering platforms. Commission revenue primarily includes commission fees charged for order facilitation services and for providing delivery services for
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restaurants that do not deliver themselves and is typically a percentage of the GMV per Order charged to restaurants on a per Order basis. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group sets standard commission rates for each of its markets. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group periodically assesses the commission rates that it charges in each country and determines whether the rate needs to be maintained or updated. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group occasionally increases its commission rates to reflect continuous improvements in its value proposition for restaurants, including its investments in marketing and technology, merchandise and other restaurant services, and its expanding network of both consumers and restaurants. Commission revenue is also impacted by changes to average commission rates due to the changes in the proportion of Delivery Orders (i.e., changes in Delivery Share), which Orders carry a significantly higher commission rate than those delivered by the restaurants.
Commission revenue is net of vouchers. Discount vouchers are offered to a limited number of consumers to acquire, re-engage, or generally increase consumers’ use of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s platforms. Discount vouchers are recognized as a reduction to revenue when the voucher is redeemed by the consumer. Customer care vouchers are given where there is an unsatisfactory consumer experience. Customer care vouchers are recognized as a reduction to revenue when the voucher is awarded as they relate to past orders and therefore a liability is recognized on issuance of the voucher.
Consumer Delivery Fees
Consumer delivery fee revenue represents delivery fees charged to the consumer in connection with Orders when the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is responsible for providing the food delivery. Delivery fees are charged to consumers as a fixed amount per Order, but the delivery fee charged to consumers per Delivery Order varies depending on the market and also dynamically within markets based on a variety of operational and strategic drivers.
Other Revenue
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group also generates other revenue in the form of online payment services fees, promoted placement fees (whereby restaurants are charged a fee in order to appear higher up in search results on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s applications) and sales of merchandise.
Other revenue accounted for 8% and 11% of total revenue for the years ended 31 December 2020 and 2019, respectively. Other revenue accounted for a lower percentage of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s revenue in the year ended 31 December 2020 as compared to the year ended 31 December 2019 mainly due to the effect of the partial period impact of the Just Eat Acquisition in the year ended 31 December 2020 on consumer delivery fee revenue, resulting in other revenue accounting for a lower percentage of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s revenue in spite of overall growth in other revenue period-over-period.
Development of Logistical Food Delivery Services
In recent years, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has made substantial investments in its own Delivery businesses and further grown its Delivery businesses through the Just Eat Acquisition generally and the Just Eat Group business in Canada in particular, where almost all Orders are Delivery Orders. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes that investing in a hybrid business model, through which it offers its own food delivery services in select cities in tandem with its marketplace model, is the most attractive strategy to continue to grow the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s business while remaining focused on achieving overall profitability.
On a combined basis reflecting results as if the Just Eat Acquisition had been completed on 1 January 2019, Orders where the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group provided Delivery represented 26% and 18% of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s total Orders in the years ended 31 December 2020 and 2019, respectively. The increase in the percentage representing Delivery Orders of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s total Orders is due primarily to growth in Canada, which is the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s third-largest market in terms of Orders, almost all of which are Delivery Orders, and the continued expansion of Delivery across various markets, including the introduction of Scoober in the UK and France. On a combined basis reflecting results as if the Just Eat Acquisition had been completed on 1 January 2019, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group also experienced an increase in Delivery Orders as a percentage of total Orders in each of the United Kingdom, Germany, the Netherlands and the Rest of the World in the year ended 31 December 2020 as compared to the year ended 31 December 2019. The development of Delivery has helped to broaden the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s restaurant offering in the cities in which it has been established, allowing consumers a greater selection of
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cuisines from which to choose. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group also believes that the development of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s Delivery networks has also increased its visibility in larger cities, which contributes to increased brand awareness. In certain continental European markets, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group considers that the way in which it employs its couriers (all couriers directly employed by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group are fully insured by it) has helped to establish the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group as a positive example of a marketplace company and has positively impacted brand awareness and preference in such markets.
The development of Delivery in the periods under review has impacted the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s order fulfillment costs, which consist of courier costs and order processing costs, between periods, as the Delivery business model structurally results in higher total order fulfillment cost levels, due primarily to the cost of couriers, compared with a marketplace business model. In addition to increasing order fulfillment costs, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has added support and management staff, largely to support the growth of Delivery.
Marketing Expenditure
Marketing expenditure can primarily be distinguished as relating to (i) performance marketing (or pay-per-click/pay-per-Order) which directly generates traffic and Orders, such as search engine marketing, search engine optimization and affiliate marketing (rewarding third parties for referrals to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s platform) and (ii) brand marketing, such as television and radio campaigns, and outdoor advertising (billboards).
Performance marketing spend generates costs for every Order generated. However, as brand awareness and preference increases as a result of such marketing investments, and particularly when clear leadership has been attained, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is able to generate a greater proportion of Orders from existing consumers, with respect to whom performance marketing costs are limited, which may lead to lower costs per Order. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group typically sees a correlation between the cost of performance marketing (pay-per-click/pay-per-Order) per Order and its position relative to competitors in a market, with greater costs incurred per Order in those markets in which the competitive landscape is more fragmented and where the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has not yet emerged as the clear leader.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes that brand awareness and preference are important drivers of performance in terms of overall consumer interaction, Orders, GMV and the number of restaurants that participate on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s platform. Brand awareness encourages new consumers to use the platform and brand preference drives existing consumers to increase the frequency of their Orders, which together generate higher GMV and, in turn, attracts new restaurants to the platform. Importantly, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s experience suggests that higher brand awareness and preference results, over time, in an increasing amount of direct traffic (that is, traffic without the assistance of search engine marketing, search engine optimization or affiliate marketing) to its platform, resulting in Orders. As direct traffic does not incur performance marketing expenses, a higher proportion of direct traffic to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s platforms leads to lower marketing spend on a per Order basis. Importantly, this trend is positively impacted by the increasing adoption and use of mobile applications. The level of brand marketing that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group engages in is determined based on strategic goals with respect to presence and visibility in a particular market and global brand awareness and preference.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has continued to invest significantly in marketing initiatives during the periods under review in order to enhance its brand awareness and preference and optimize its performance marketing. The intent of these initiatives is to establish and maintain its leading positions and thereby enhance network effects and maintain consumer growth. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s strategy is to continue to invest in brand marketing, to the extent feasible, in order to drive Orders and drive down marketing costs per Order in the long-term.
Acquisitions and Divestitures
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has made a number of acquisitions, the most recent of which were the acquisitions of Just Eat and the Acquired German Businesses, which have impacted its results of operations (and the comparability of such results between periods), principally by expanding its geographical footprint and by strengthening its operations in certain of its markets. In general, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s results of
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operations could be impacted by the acquisitions that it makes and financing options that it avails in relation thereto, as well as by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s decision to enter new markets or enhance its position in an existing market, primarily because such initiatives may require integrating the acquired business with its other operations and, in certain cases, invest significantly to build relevant market positions.
In September 2018, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group acquired 10bis, an Israeli online food marketplace, for an aggregate consideration of €122 million. The acquisition of 10bis was financed by means of a €150 million bridge facility granted by ABN AMRO and ING Bank N.V., which was fully repaid from the proceeds of the issuance effected at 22 January 2019 of 8.35 million new Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares representing approximately 19% of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s outstanding share capital (before the capital increase), raising €430 million through an accelerated bookbuild offering at an issue price of €51.50 per new Just Eat Takeaway.com Share and issuance of the Convertible Bonds 2019. The financial results associated with 10bis have been consolidated with those of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group since the date of acquisition.
On 1 April 2019, Just Eat Takeaway.com acquired the Acquired German Businesses for a total consideration of €1,204 million, in cash and new Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes that Germany has the potential to be one of the largest markets worldwide, despite relatively low penetration currently when compared, for instance, to the Netherlands. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group expects that more years of investment will be required for its market penetration in Germany to reach the market penetration levels of the Netherlands and beyond. The financial results of the Acquired German Businesses are consolidated with those of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group from 1 April 2019, the date of completion of the acquisition.
On 31 January 2020, the Just Eat Acquisition was declared wholly unconditional, for an aggregate consideration of €7,430 million in the form of new Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, and on 15 April 2020, following the lifting of a hold separate order issued by the CMA on 30 January 2020 that prohibited integration of the businesses, the Just Eat Group was consolidated into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group. The primary reasons for the Just Eat Acquisition were to create one of the largest food delivery companies in the world, with scale, strategic vision and industry-leading capabilities, to acquire leading positions in attractive markets and a diversified geographic presence, to expand the product offering and to create significant value through economies of scale.
Industry Trends
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s operations and financial results have been and will continue to be affected by various secular trends including evolving consumer lifestyles shifting food consumption towards delivery and pick-up, consumer behavior shifting toward online and mobile devices and wider availability of food delivery options.
The net impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s business to date has been a favorable shift in consumer behavior, including an increase in online food ordering in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s key operational segments. When the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic started gathering pace in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s markets, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group committed to support its restaurants , couriers and people. In particular, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group launched commission rebate packages to support its restaurant partners and communities worth approximately €59 million worldwide, including committing €1 million to provide free meals via Takeaway Pay to hospital workers in Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, Poland and Austria and delivering over two million meals to National Health Service workers in the UK, saving such workers over €3.3 million (or over £3 million) through a National Health Service discount scheme. Following lockdowns related to COVID-19, changes in consumer ordering habits saw higher Average Order Values in all reportable segments and increasing adoption of online payments as the preferred method of payment.
Changes in these factors could adversely restrict or otherwise affect the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s business. Please refer to “Business of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group” beginning on page 173 of this proxy statement/prospectus for a fuller description of the industry, the competitive environment and the key laws and regulations to which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s operations are subject.
Evolving Lifestyles Drive Consumers to Shift Food Consumption Towards Delivery and Pick-Up
In recent years, food delivery (excluding pick-up sales by the consumer) and pick-up (excluding home delivery) has been growing faster than the overall food industry (food purchased for consumption at home or in
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restaurants) and the eating out (including restaurants, bars and catering services) industry in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s Active Markets. This growth has primarily been driven by changing consumer lifestyles characterized by a greater number of dual income families, longer working hours and busier daily routines and higher disposable incomes, which often result in less time to cook at home or to eat out and in consumers having the means to afford “outsourcing” their cooking, and has been further accelerated due to a shift of consumer behavior with the COVID-19 pandemic. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group offers an attractive alternative for consumers, providing convenience, quality of service and a wide variety of on-demand dining options.
Consumer Behavior Shifting Towards Ordering Online and Mobile Devices
The shift in consumer behavior towards ordering food for delivery or pick-up through an online channel has increased substantially during the past decade as a result of the increasing adoption of e-commerce as well as smartphone and mobile device penetration. This is demonstrated by the increase over time in the percentage of Orders made through Just Eat Takeaway.com’s mobile application, from 53% for the year ended 31 December 2019 to 64% in the year ended 31 December 2020. As a result, an increasing proportion of the population in Active Markets is expected to have access to online food delivery marketplaces such as that operated by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group. The online channel shift experienced in the ordering of food for delivery or pick-up has followed a similar trend to the increase in e-commerce penetration and is expected to continue to be a strong driver of growth in all of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s Active Markets.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes that there continues to be a significant number of restaurants and consumers that are not currently engaged in online food delivery in the United Kingdom, Germany, Canada and the Netherlands. Although the Netherlands is the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s most developed market by market penetration, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes that a significant portion of the food delivery orders in that country were still placed offline (by phone) in 2020.
Wider Availability of Food Delivery Options
In the markets in which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group operates, trends are also being affected by continued expansion of supply, and in particular the availability of popular branded restaurants and quick service restaurant chains on food delivery platforms. This is increasing consumer choice and increasing the number of food occasions which can be addressed by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group.
Seasonality
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s Orders are subject to seasonal fluctuations on a weekly, monthly and annual basis, with ordering activity typically greater in the first and fourth quarters of each financial year when consumers are more likely to order food for delivery because of unfavorable weather conditions and shorter daylight hours in the Northern hemisphere. Similarly, Orders tend to be lower in drier and warmer months when daylight hours are longer and a larger number of consumers opt to dine out or cook at home. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group generally witnesses lower ordering activity in the third quarter, for example, when consumers are more likely to opt to dine out. However, the impact of seasonality may be diminished by the overall growth of Orders in the periods under review. Furthermore, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes that the COVID-19 pandemic had a more significant impact on consumer behavior and ordering patterns than the impact of seasonality on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s business in 2020, as factors that impact seasonal increases in ordering, including less in-restaurant dining and less time spent outside the home, were persistent throughout the year. To the extent performance is impacted by seasonality, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s results of operations in any interim period may not be directly comparable to a different interim period and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s performance in any one interim period may not be an accurate indicator of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s future performance in any annual period.
Other factors which may impact ordinary activity in a given period include the number of weekends and holidays in such period as well as the schedule of major sporting and other cultural events, particularly should the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group be a sponsor of such an event.
Foreign Currency
During the periods under review, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group earned its revenue in multiple currencies with foreign currency earnings (non-euro denominated currencies) including but not limited to: the Swiss Franc, Polish Zloty, Israeli Shekel (as from October 2018), the Australian dollar (as from April 2020), the Danish Krone
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(as from April 2020), the Canadian dollar (as from April 2020) and the British pound sterling (as from April 2020). To the extent that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s revenue increases in markets whose functional currency is not the euro, this will increase the portion of its revenue and costs that are not earned in euro. Movements in foreign exchange rates between the euro and such other functional currencies may materially impact the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s results of operations, either due to transactional (receipt of revenue or incurrence of costs in a currency other than euros) or translational (translation of foreign currency values into euro for the presentation of financial results) effects, particularly following the Just Eat Acquisition and in the future if the Transaction is completed and any further growth plans of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group materialize. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group does not manage translational foreign currency with foreign exchange contracts or other hedging instruments.
Inflation
Inflation typically increases Average Order Value, which in turn increases commission revenues. As a result, inflation has a limited effect on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s business, results of operations or financial condition.
Impairment Charges
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has completed several acquisitions during the periods under review (see “—Key Factors Affecting Results of OperationsAcquisitions and Divestitures” beginning on page 208 of this proxy statement/prospectus), and such transactions have resulted in the recognition of a significant amount of goodwill and other intangible assets, which largely arises from the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities acquired. The carrying amount of goodwill at 31 December 2020 was €4,614 million, which mainly relates to goodwill arising from the Just Eat Acquisition and the German Businesses Acquisition. The carrying amount of intangible assets other than goodwill at 31 December 2020 was €3,207 million, which also primarily arises from Just Eat Acquisition and the German Businesses Acquisition.
The carrying amounts of the assets of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group are reviewed at each reporting date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment. If an indication of impairment exists, then the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated. Goodwill is tested annually for impairment and whenever an impairment trigger is otherwise identified. For intangible assets other than goodwill, an impairment test is carried out on the intangible asset where there is an indication of impairment during the year. The application of impairment tests involves significant management judgment, including the identification of cash generating units, assigning assets and liabilities to cash generating units, assigning goodwill to cash generating units, and determining the fair value of each reporting unit. The judgment in estimating the fair value of cash generating units includes estimating future cash flows, determining appropriate discount rates and making other assumptions. See Note 2 to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-9 of this proxy statement/prospectus. Any impairment losses that arise are recognized in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income or loss. Due to the high carrying value of goodwill and other intangible assets, any impairment related to either of them could have a significant impact on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s financial results in any period in which such impairment is required to be recognized.
Description of Key Line Items in the Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income or Loss
Revenue
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s largest source of revenue consists of commission revenue. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group also generates revenue in the form of delivery fees charged to the consumer and other revenue, which includes online payment services fees, promoted placement fees and sales of merchandise.
Commission revenue is earned through contracts with restaurants and through arrangements entered into with consumers via the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s ordering platforms. Commission revenue primarily arises from commission fees charged for order facilitation services, including those commissions from restaurants where the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group also provides the delivery services. Commission revenue is net of vouchers. Discount vouchers are offered to a limited number of consumers to acquire, re-engage, or generally increase consumers’ use of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s platforms. Discount vouchers are recognized as a
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reduction to revenue when the voucher is redeemed by the consumer. Customer care vouchers are given where there is an unsatisfactory consumer experience. Customer care vouchers are recognized as a reduction to revenue when the voucher is awarded as they relate to past orders and therefore a liability is recognized on issuance of the voucher.
Consumer delivery fee revenue is earned from consumers where the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is responsible for Delivery. Delivery fees are charged to consumers on a per Order basis. There was no consumer delivery fee revenue in 2018 and 2019 because delivery fees charged to consumers were first introduced in 2020.
Revenue also includes limited amounts of other revenue, including online payment services fees, promoted placement fees (whereby restaurants are charged a fee in order to appear higher up in search results on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s applications) and sales of merchandise (including items sold like jackets, restaurant equipment, packaging and banners).
Courier Costs and Order Processing Costs
Courier costs and order processing costs together comprise Order fulfillment costs. Courier costs relate to the delivery and dispatching staff wages and salaries, social security charges and pension premium contributions and temporary staff expenses related to costs of employing couriers through agencies. Order processing costs includes fees charged by external online payment service providers to process online payments for consumers on behalf of the restaurant, order management costs for transmitting orders from consumers to restaurants, the cost of merchandise sold and other delivery expenses.
Staff Costs
Staff costs consist of directly attributable costs of staff, Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors and Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors (excluding employed couriers, which are included in courier costs), social security charges, pension premium contributions, share-based payments and temporary staff expenses.
Other Operating Expenses
Other operating expenses comprise marketing expenses and other operating expenses.
Marketing Expenses
Marketing expenses can primarily be distinguished as relating to (i) performance marketing (or pay-per-click/pay-per-Order) which directly generates traffic and Orders, such as search engine marketing, search engine optimization and affiliate marketing (rewarding third parties for referrals to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s platform) and (ii) brand marketing, such as television and radio campaigns, and outdoor advertising (billboards). For accounting purposes, expenses for vouchers, which are distributed to existing consumers, potential new consumers, restaurants and via partner campaigns in order to promote the platform, do not constitute marketing expenses and are deducted from commission revenue.
Other Operating Expenses
Other operating expenses include expenses that are directly attributable to neither courier costs, order processing costs or staff costs nor the financing of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, and includes housing and legal expenses, professional services fees in relation to acquisitions and integrations, other staff-related costs and certain IT-related expenses.
Depreciation and Amortization Expenses
Depreciation is based on the estimated useful life and calculated as a fixed percentage of cost, taking into account any residual value. Depreciation is recognized from the date an asset comes into use.
Amortization is recognized on a straight-line basis over the assets’ estimated useful lives. The estimated useful life and amortization method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any change in estimates being accounted for on a prospective basis.
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Share of Results of Associates and Joint Ventures
An associate is an entity over which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has significant influence. Significant influence is where the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has the power to participate in the financial and operating policy decisions of the investee, but do not control or has joint control over those decisions. A joint venture is an entity where the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group holds control jointly with a third party.
Other Gains and Losses
On 15 February 2019, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group sold its interest in Takeaway.com Asia B.V. to Woowa Brothers Corp., operators of the Seoul-based online food delivery marketplace Baedal Minjok. Gain from the joint venture disposal amounted to €6 million. As consideration, Just Eat Takeaway.com acquired 0.24% in Woowa Brothers Corp.
Finance Income and Finance Expense
Interest income and expenses and other finance cost are recognized using the effective interest method. Finance expenses include interest on debt instruments and lease liabilities, foreign exchange differences and other sources of finance costs and interest expense. Finance expenses are accounted for on an accrual basis.
Key Non-IFRS Financial Measures
Certain parts of this proxy statement/prospectus contain non-IFRS financial measures and ratios. These are not recognized measures of financial performance or liquidity under IFRS. They are presented as the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes that they and similar measures are used in the industry in which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group operates as a means of evaluating a company’s operating performance and liquidity. However, the non-IFRS financial measures presented herein may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies and are not measurements under IFRS or other generally accepted accounting principles. Accordingly, undue reliance should not be placed on the non-IFRS financial measures contained in this proxy statement/prospectus and they should not be considered as a substitute for operating profit or loss, profit for the year, cash flow or other financial measures computed in accordance with IFRS. Although certain of these data have been extracted or derived from the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements, these data have not been audited or reviewed by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s independent auditors.
Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin
Adjusted EBITDA, as used by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, is defined as profit or loss for the period before depreciation and amortization, finance income and expense, share-based payments, share of results of associates and joint ventures, acquisition and integration related expenses, income tax expense and other gains and losses, and, when presented at the segment level, which represents the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s measure of segment performance under IFRS 8, Operating Segments, also excludes Head Office costs, which are not allocated to the segments. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes adjusted EBITDA is a useful measure for investors as it is the main measure used by its CODM to assess the performance of the business and segments and to allocate resources. Adjusted EBITDA is used internally for forecasting and budgeting and measuring its operating performance because it excludes depreciation, amortization, finance income and expenses, share-based payments, share of results of associates and joint ventures, acquisition and integration related expenses, income tax expense and other gains or losses, which do not reflect the day-to-day commercial performance of the business and, as a result, enables assessment of the underlying operational performance per segment and effectiveness of the strategy applied and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes it enhances the comparability of profit or loss across segments and across periods for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group as a whole. Adjusted EBITDA is derived from the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements, however, it is not a measure calculated in accordance with IFRS and may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies. Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as a financial measure, should be considered as supplemental in nature, and is not meant as a substitute for the related financial information prepared in accordance with IFRS. Accordingly, adjusted EBITDA should not be considered as an alternative to profit or loss for the period. See “About this Proxy Statement/Prospectus—Presentation of Financial and Other Information—Key Non-IFRS Measures of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group—Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted
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EBITDA Margin beginning on page ix of this proxy statement/prospectus for a discussion regarding limitations of the use of such measure. See —Results of Operations beginning on page 214 of this proxy statement/prospectus for a reconciliation of the measure for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group to loss for the period as measured pursuant to IFRS.
Adjusted EBITDA margin, as used by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, is defined as adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of revenue (as defined in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income or loss) for the relevant period. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes adjusted EBITDA margin is a useful measure for investors as it is used by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and its CODM, together with adjusted EBITDA, to assess the underlying operational performance of the businesses, adjusting for non-cash and non-operating items. Adjusted EBITDA margin is used internally for purposes of forecasting, budgeting and measuring its operating performance because it excludes items that are either non-cash, relate to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s investments in associates and joint ventures and gains or losses on disposal, or do not reflect the day-to-day commercial performance of the business and, as a result, provides a measure of the underlying performance of the business and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes adjusted EBITDA margin enhances the comparability of profit or loss across segments and across periods for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group as a whole while controlling for variance in revenue across such segments or periods. Adjusted EBITDA margin has limitations as a financial measure (including the limitations identified with respect to adjusted EBITDA), should be considered as supplemental in nature, and is not meant as a substitute for the related financial information prepared in accordance with IFRS. See “About this Proxy Statement/Prospectus—Presentation of Financial and Other Information—Key Non-IFRS Measures of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group—Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin” beginning on page ix of this proxy statement/prospectus for a discussion regarding limitations of the use of such measure.
Results of Operations
The discussion of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated results from operations is based on its historical results. The financial data discussed in this section for the years ended 31 December 2020, 2019 and 2018 have been prepared in accordance with IFRS. The discussion should be read in conjunction with “About this Proxy Statement/Prospectus—Presentation of Financial and Other Information, “Selected Historical Consolidated Financial Data of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group” and “Business of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group” beginning on pages viii, 131 and 173, respectively, of this proxy statement/prospectus.
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The following table summarizes the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income or loss for the periods indicated:
 
Year Ended
31 December
2019 to
2020
2018 to
2019
in millions €
2020
2019
2018
% change
% change
Revenue
2,042
416
232
391%
79%
Courier costs
(727)
(70)
(22)
n.m.
218%
Order processing costs
(193)
(41)
(22)
373%
85%
Staff costs
(464)
(112)
(56)
321%
100%
Other operating expenses
(608)
(234)
(158)
160%
47%
Depreciation and amortization expense
(174)
(35)
(8)
406%
358%
Operating loss
(124)
(76)
(34)
(63)%
(125)%
Share of results of associates and joint ventures
(16)
(0)
n.m.
n.m.
Finance income
3
0
0
n.m.
n.m.
Finance expense
(30)
(16)
(1)
88%
n.m.
Other gains and losses
2
6
(66)%
n.m.
Loss before income tax
(165)
(86)
(35)
(92)%
(145)%
Income tax (expense) / benefit
(5)
(35)
28
86%
(224)%
Loss for the period
(170)
(121)
(7)
(40)%
n.m.
Other comprehensive income / (loss)
(34)
16
(3)
(219)%
n.m.
Total comprehensive loss for the period
(204)
(105)
(10)
(94)%
n.m.
The following tables set forth adjusted EBITDA for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and a reconciliation to profit or loss for the period, as well as a calculation of net margin (equal to profit or loss for the period as a percentage of revenue) and adjusted EBITDA margin, for the periods presented below. Please refer to “—Key Non-IFRS Financial Measures—Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin” beginning on page 213 of this proxy statement/prospectus for more information.
 
Year ended
31 December
in millions €
2020
2019
2018
Loss for the period
(170)
(121)
(7)
Income tax expense / (benefit)
5
35
(28)
Loss before income tax
(165)
(86)
(35)
Add back items not included in adjusted EBITDA:
 
 
 
Finance income
(3)
(0)
(0)
Finance expenses
30
16
1
Share of results of associates and joint ventures
16
0
Other gains and losses(1)
(2)
(6)
Share-based payments
23
3
3
Depreciation and amortization
174
35
8
Acquisition related costs
67
40
11
Integration related costs
35
10
1
Adjusted EBITDA
175
12
(11)
(1)
On 15 February 2019, Just Eat Takeaway.com sold its interest in Takeaway.com Asia B.V. to Woowa Brothers Corp., operators of the Seoul-based online food delivery marketplace Baedal Minjok.
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Year ended
31 December
in millions €
2020
2019
2018
Revenue
2,042
416
232
Loss for the period
(170)
(121)
(7)
Net margin (%)
(8)%
(29)%
(3)%
 
Year ended
31 December
in millions €
2020
2019
2018
Revenue
2,042
416
232
Adjusted EBITDA
175
12
(11)
Adjusted EBITDA margin (%)
9%
3%
(5)%
2020 Compared with 2019
Revenue
 
Year Ended
31 December
in millions €
2020
2019
Revenue:
 
 
Commission revenue
1,654
372
Consumer delivery fees
231
NA(1)
Other revenue
157
44
Revenue
2,042
416
(1)
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group did not have any consumer delivery fee revenue for the year ended 31 December 2019 because delivery fees charged to consumers were first introduced in 2020.
Revenue increased by 390% to €2,042 million in 2020 from €416 million in 2019. This increase was driven by factors primarily resulting from, or related to, the partial period impact of the Just Eat Acquisition in 2020, including growth in total Orders, which increased 221% to 510 million for the year ended 31 December 2020 as compared to the year ended 31 December 2019. The increase in revenue was also driven by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s implementation of delivery fees charged to the consumer in 2020, which were not a source of revenue for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group in the year ended 31 December 2019 and reached €231 million in 2020, compared with zero in 2019, accounting for 11% of revenue in the year ended 31 December 2020. The revenue increase rate exceeded Order growth of 221%, mainly driven by a higher Delivery Share, which increased from 5% to 30% and the implementation of delivery fees charged to the consumer, which were not a source of revenue for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group in the year ended 31 December 2019.
Commission revenue was €1,654 million in 2020, representing 81% of total revenue and was 345% higher than in 2019. Commission revenue for the year ended 31 December 2020 grew at a faster pace than Order growth of 221% for the year ended 31 December 2020 in part due to an increase in Delivery Share from 5% to 30%, which Delivery Orders typically carry a significantly higher commission rate than those delivered by the restaurants. Commission revenue is net of vouchers. In order to promote the platform, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group distributes discount vouchers to a limited number of consumers to acquire, re-engage, or generally increase consumers’ use of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s platforms. Customer care vouchers are given where there is an unsatisfactory consumer experience. Discount vouchers used by consumers and customer care vouchers offered to consumers in 2020 amount to €61 million (2019: €11 million; 2018: €8 million), which is recognized as a deduction of revenue. In 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group committed to support its restaurants, couriers and people as the COVID-19 pandemic continued to impact communities across the world. In particular, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group launched a range of packages to support its restaurant partners and communities, the total value of which reached €59 million.
Consumer delivery fee revenue for the year ended 31 December 2020 was €231 million, comprising 11% of total revenue in 2020. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group did not have any consumer delivery fee revenue for the year ended 31 December 2019 because delivery fees charged to consumers were first introduced in 2020.
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Other revenue grew by 257% in 2020, reaching €157 million compared with €44 million in 2019, driven primarily by the partial period impact of the Just Eat Acquisition in 2020, as well as increased demand for restaurant promoted placements and strong growth in online payment revenue as more consumers adopted online payment methods.
Courier Costs and Order Processing Costs
 
Year ended
31 December
in millions €
2020
2019
Courier costs
727
70
Order processing costs
193
41
Total Order fulfillment costs
920
111
Total Order fulfilment costs were €920 million in 2020, which was 729% higher than €111 million in 2019, primarily driven by the partial period impact of the Just Eat Acquisition in 2020, as well as strong Order growth driving order processing cost and the increase in courier costs due to expansion of Delivery services. Courier costs, which also include all salary and staff expenses of the employed couriers, were €727 million in 2020, which was 939% higher than in 2019 and represented 79% total Order fulfilment costs in 2020 as compared to 63% in 2019, reflecting the continued expansion of Delivery services, including as a result of the Just Eat Acquisition.
Order processing costs were €193 million in 2020, which was 371% higher than in 2019. Although this increase was driven primarily by the partial period impact of the Just Eat Acquisition in 2020, this increase is higher than Order growth. The comparative growth of order processing costs relative to the growth of Orders was driven by growth in the share of online payments.
Staff Costs
 
Year ended
31 December
in millions €
2020
2019
Staff costs:
 
 
Wages and salaries
313
83
Social charges and premiums
43
13
Pension premium contributions
13
2
Share-based payments
23
3
Temporary staff expenses
72
11
Total staff costs
464
112
Staff costs were €464 million in 2020, representing a 314% increase compared with 2019. This increase period-over-period is primarily the result of the partial period impact of the Just Eat Acquisition in 2020 as well as continuing investments in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s organization to execute on its growth strategy and acquisitions (the Just Eat Acquisition in 2020 and the German Businesses Acquisition in 2019). Increases in staff were primarily in information technology and product functions where the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group more than tripled FTEs on a year-over-year basis, as well as operational functions, with its customer service and logistics staff increasing from an average of 2,493 FTEs in 2019 to an average of 5,789 FTEs in 2020 in order to be able to support strong Order growth. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s staff, excluding employed couriers, increased to an average of 6,158 FTEs over 2020 from an average of 2,054 FTEs over 2019. Temporary staff expenses were €72 million in 2020, representing a 555% increase compared with temporary staff expenses of €11 million in 2019, most of which costs relate to customer service and operations. Share-based payments were €23 million in 2020 compared with €3 million in 2019, primarily driven by the Just Eat Acquisition in 2020. Historically, a number of share-based compensation plans were in place at Just Eat. Following the Just Eat Acquisition, several Just Eat schemes ended and several schemes were rolled-over into new Just Eat Takeaway.com Group schemes with eligible employees joining the schemes and any unvested options transferring to or being replaced by the new schemes in full. Share-based payments includes the LTIP for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board as well as the various share and share option plans for employees.
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Other Operating Expenses
 
Year ended
31 December
in millions €
2020
2019
Marketing expenses:
369
143
Other operating expenses:
239
91
Total other operating expenses
608
234
Marketing Expenses
Marketing expenses increased by 158% to €369 million in 2020 compared with €143 million in 2019. This increase was primarily driven by the partial period impact of the Just Eat Acquisition in 2020, but was also the result of significant investment in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s brands in the second half of 2020, particularly in the legacy Just Eat markets. However, marketing expenses decreased as a percentage of revenue to 18% in 2020, compared to 34% in 2019. In addition, from mid-March until May of 2020, marketing investments were significantly lower than the budgeted marketing investments for such portion of 2020 due to (i) uncertainty about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on consumer behavior and (ii) the lower relevance of outdoor advertising due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, the UEFA Euro 2020 football tournament was postponed to 2021, resulting in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s sponsorship costs for the tournament being deferred.
Other Operating Expenses
Other operating expenses, collectively, increased 163% in 2020 to €239 million compared with €91 million in 2019. This included an increase in housing expenses of 150% in 2020 to €10 million, which expenses include short-term office rentals, service charges for long-term rental contracts, utilities, maintenance, insurance and non-capitalized furnishings. The increase in other operating expenses was mainly driven by the Just Eat Acquisition and additional cost due to acquisitions and integration-related activities of €103 million (2019: €50 million), increased professional services fees of €78 million (2019: €54 million) and additional recruitment and other staff-related expenses, which increased to €36 million (2019: €17 million), to support the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s organizational expansion and the growth of its Delivery business.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization expenses increased to €174 million in 2020 from €35 million in 2019. This material increase related primarily to the amortization of intangible assets recognized as part of the Just Eat Acquisition.
Finance Income and Finance Expense
Finance income was €3 million and finance expense increased to €(30) million in 2020, from €(16) million in 2019. This increase in costs was mainly caused by the interest expenses on the Convertible Bonds 2020.
Share of Results of Associates and Joint Ventures
The share of results of associates and joint ventures in 2020 was a loss of €16 million compared with zero in 2019. The losses relate to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s share of losses in iFood and ECAC, which interests were acquired as a result of the Just Eat Acquisition.
Income Tax Expense
The net income tax expense of €5 million in 2020 (2019: €35 million) relates primarily to the taxable results of non-Dutch entities resulting in a current tax expense of €26 million (2019: €14 million). A deferred tax benefit of €21 million (2019: €21 million deferred tax expense) relates to temporary differences in amortization of intangible assets, the recognition of losses and an offsetting of taxable profits with tax losses in Germany, Poland, United Kingdom and Canada and temporary differences in amortization of intangible assets.
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Loss for the Period
As a result of the factors described above, Just Eat Takeaway.com realized a net loss after tax of €170 million in 2020 as compared to a net loss after tax of €121 million in 2019.
Other Comprehensive Loss for the Period
The other comprehensive loss for the period of €34 million (2019: income of €16 million) consists of a fair value gain on investment in equity instruments of €323 million and foreign currency translation loss related to foreign operation of €357 million. The fair value gain on the investment relates to the change in value of shares during the period between the date that the Just Eat Acquisition was declared wholly unconditional (31 January 2020) and the “control” date, being the date of consolidation of the Just Eat Group into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group (15 April 2020).
2019 Compared with 2018
Revenue
 
Year Ended
31 December
in millions €
2019
2018
Revenue:
 
 
Commission revenue
372
210
Consumer delivery fees
NA(1)
NA(1)
Other revenue
44
22
Revenue
416
232
(1)
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group did not have any consumer delivery fee revenue for the year ended 31 December 2019 or the year ended 31 December 2018 because delivery fees charged to consumers were first introduced in 2020.
Revenue increased by 79% to €416 million in 2019 from €232 million in 2018. This increase was driven by a number of factors including: the German Businesses Acquisition, which contributed to a 112% increase in Orders in Germany to 70 million for the year ended 31 December 2019 as compared to the year ended 31 December 2018; the full year effect of 2018 acquisitions; organic growth in Orders, which contributed to an increase in total Orders for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group of 69% to 159 million for the year ended 31 December 2019 as compared to the year ended 31 December 2018; and higher average commission rates in Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, Austria, Poland and Israel. The revenue increase rate exceeded GMV growth of 70%, mainly driven by a higher Delivery Share, which increased from 3% to 5%; a higher average commission rate of 12.6% as compared to 12.1% in 2018; and an increase in other revenue mainly driven by the improved promoted placement service.
Commission revenue was €372 million in 2019, representing 89% of total revenues and was 77% higher than in 2018. Commission revenue for the year ended 31 December 2019 grew at a faster pace than Order growth of 70% for the year ended 31 December 2019 in part due to an increase in Delivery Share from 3% to 5%. Commission revenue is net of vouchers. In order to promote the platform, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group distributes vouchers to existing consumers, potential new consumers, restaurants, and via partner campaigns. Vouchers amounted to €11 million in 2019 and €8 million in 2018.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group did not have any consumer delivery fee revenue for the year ended 31 December 2019 or the year ended 31 December 2018 because delivery fees charged to consumers were first introduced in 2020.
Other revenue grew by 96% in 2019, reaching €44 million, driven primarily by growth in online payment services fees, sold merchandise and promoted placement fees charged to restaurants.
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Courier Costs and Order Processing Costs
 
Year ended
31 December
in millions €
2019
2018
Courier costs
70
22
Order processing costs
41
22
Total order fulfillment costs
111
44
Courier costs were €70 million in 2019, which was 230% higher than in 2018. This increase was primarily driven by the expansion of Delivery services.
Order processing costs were €41 million in 2019, which was 86% higher than in 2018. This increase is higher than Order growth and was driven by a growing share of online payments and increased restaurant device costs driven by the onboarding of new restaurants.
Staff Costs
 
Year ended
31 December
in millions €
2019
2018
Staff costs:
 
 
Wages and salaries
83
40
Social charges and premiums
13
7
Pension premium contributions
2
1
Share-based payments
3
3
Temporary staff expenses
11
5
Total staff costs
112
56
Staff costs were €112 million in 2019, representing a 100% increase compared with 2018. This increase is the result of the continuing investments in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s organization to execute on its growth strategy and acquisitions (the German Businesses Acquisition in 2019 and acquisitions in Israel, Bulgaria and Romania in 2018). Staff-related investments were primarily in information technology and product functions where the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group almost doubled FTEs on a year-over-year basis, as well as operational functions, with a large increase in its customer service staff to be able to support strong Order growth. Over the course of 2019, Delivery operations staff (which does not include employed couriers) more than doubled to support its expansion. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s staff, excluding employed couriers, increased to 2,433 FTEs as of 31 December 2019 from 1,432 FTEs as of 31 December 2018. Temporary staff expenses were €11 million in 2019, representing a 123% increase compared with temporary staff expenses of €5 million in 2018. This increase was the result of investment in the expansion of information technology and human resources support in the Head Office, as well as the addition of resources to the customer service team in Germany driven by the German Businesses Acquisition.
Other Operating Expenses
 
Year ended
31 December
in millions €
2019
2018
Marketing expenses:
143
120
Other operating expenses:
91
38
Total other operating expenses
234
158
Marketing Expenses
Marketing expenses increased by 19% to €143 million in 2019 compared with €120 million in 2018. This increase was the result of, among other things, expansion efforts in certain markets and increased performance marketing expenses in connection with the overall growth of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s business, but was substantially lower than the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s Order and revenue growth, reflecting the improved market position in Germany following the German Businesses Acquisition, the effectiveness of its
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marketing investments, the strength of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s brand and the recurring nature of consumer behavior. Marketing expenses as a percentage of revenue and on a per-Order basis improved in all segments in 2019.
Other Operating Expenses
All other operating expenses, collectively, increased 139% in 2019 to €91 million compared with €38 million in 2018. This increase was mainly driven by additional cost due to acquisitions, including legal and professional services expenses, and additional recruitment and other staff-related costs to support the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s organizational expansion and the growth of its restaurant delivery services.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization expenses increased to €35 million in 2019 from €8 million in 2018. This increase related primarily to the amortization of intangible assets recognized as the result of acquisitions in Germany and Israel, the impact of the application of IFRS 16, which causes the capitalization of leased assets such as offices and cars, and the depreciation on physical assets such as offices and information technology-related assets.
Finance Income and Finance Costs
Finance income and costs on a net basis increased to €16 million in costs in 2019 from €1 million in costs in 2018. This increase in costs was mainly caused by the interest expenses on the Convertible Bonds 2019.
Share of Results of Associates and Joint Ventures
As of 31 December 2019, Just Eat Takeaway.com had no share in any joint ventures. On 15 February 2019, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group divested its stake of 66% in Takeaway.com Asia B.V. to Woowa Brothers Corp., operators of the Seoul-based online food delivery marketplace Baedal Minjok. Gain from the joint venture disposal amounted to €6 million. In return for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s part of the purchase price it acquired 0.24% in Woowa Brothers Corp. Takeaway.com Asia B.V. was accounted for as a joint venture using the equity method of accounting given that joint control existed in terms of decision-making. Just Eat Takeaway.com’s share of loss in the joint venture was €0.2 million in 2018.
Income Tax Expense
Current income tax expense increased to €14 million in 2019 compared with €2 million in 2018. In 2019, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group recognized a deferred tax expense amounting to €21 million compared with a €30 million deferred tax benefit in 2018. As a result, total income tax expense recognized directly in profit or loss was €35 million in 2019.
Following integration of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s operations in 2019, the non-Dutch entities and branches reported a profit overall, which partly was offset with losses carried forward. The unused tax losses of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group (for which no deferred tax asset had been recognized) originated before 2019, in the amount of €78 million, may be carried forward for nine consecutive years, and the unused tax losses arising from 2019, amounting to €97 million, may be carried forward for six consecutive years. The unused tax losses of yd.Yourdelivery GmbH, Takeaway Express GmbH and Takeaway.com Belgium BVBA have no statutory expiration. Of the unused tax losses of Sto2 Sp. z o.o. that originated in 2016, 50% will expire in 2022 and of those tax losses that originated in 2017, 50% will expire in 2023. The other unused tax losses relate to the unused tax losses of Hello Hungry AD in Bulgaria and Hellohungry SA in Romania. In Bulgaria, tax losses can be carried forward and set off against taxable income over the five years following the year in which they were incurred, and in Romania, unused tax losses can be carried forward for seven consecutive years. 10bis reported a tax loss in 2019. This loss can be carried forward and set-off without time limit. No unused tax losses will expire in 2020.
Loss for the Period
As a result of the factors described above, Just Eat Takeaway.com realized a net loss after tax of €121 million in 2019 as compared to a net loss after tax of €7 million in 2018.
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Segmental Just Eat Takeaway.com Group Results of Operations
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is organized and managed on the basis of its operating segments and by certain other geographical regions. Operating segments that do not meet certain quantitative thresholds are combined into a single category representing all other segments. See Note 10 to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-34 of this proxy statement/prospectus for additional detail.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group adheres to a “One Company, One Brand, One IT Platform” strategy, meaning the business should operate across the same technology platform as far as possible and local brands adopt a similar style and logo to create a single global brand identity and allow leverage of central marketing campaigns. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has begun the process of integrating Just Eat. To optimize operational efficiency and reduce the number of technology platforms being maintained, the legacy Just Eat territories in continental Europe will migrate to the legacy Takeaway.com technology platform, with the Swiss, French, Danish and Norwegian businesses having been migrated already. All material legacy Just Eat brands have now adopted the Takeaway.com logo and style to support creating the global brand identity.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has four reportable segments: United Kingdom, Germany, Canada and the Netherlands. All other operating segments are included together in the Rest of the World. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has non-controlling interests in businesses in Brazil (iFood) and Mexico (ECAC). iFood is classified as an associate for accounting purposes, while its participation in ECAC is classified as a joint venture, therefore neither business is consolidated. ECAC operations ceased on 4 December 2020 and, as per 31 December 2020, the business has been closed down. As the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s operating segments serve only external consumers, there is no inter-segment revenue.
Operating segments that do not meet certain quantitative thresholds are combined into a single category representing all other segments, the Rest of the World. The Rest of the World comprises: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Denmark, France, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Spain and Switzerland. With respect to the periods under review, (i) the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group did not have operations in Australia, Canada, Denmark, Ireland, Italy, New Zealand, Norway, Spain and the United Kingdom during the years ended 31 December 2018 and 2019, being prior to consolidation of the Just Eat Group into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group from 15 April 2020, (ii) the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group did not have operations in France during the year ended 31 December 2019, such period being after the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group previously discontinued operations in France in February 2018 and prior to consolidation of the Just Eat Group into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group from 15 April 2020 and (iii) as a result of acquisitions, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group entered Israel in September 2018 and Bulgaria and Romania in February 2018.
Until 31 December 2019, Head Office was allocated to the segments. Beginning in the year ended 31 December 2020, Head Office is no longer allocated to the segments. The segment data in Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements have been recast accordingly. Head Office relates to non-allocated expenses and includes all central operating expenses such as staff costs and operating expenses for global support teams like legal, finance, business intelligence, human resources, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board. Not included in Head Office are costs of global IT and product functions, which are allocated to countries and therefore included in segment adjusted EBITDA.
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The following table sets forth a breakdown of the revenue, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin by geographic region for the periods indicated.
 
Year ended
31 December
2019 to
2020
2018 to
2019
in millions €
2020
2019
2018
% change
% change
United Kingdom(1)
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue
576
NA
NA
NA
NA
Adjusted EBITDA
143
NA
NA
NA
NA
- Adjusted EBITDA margin
25%
NA
 
 
 
Germany(2)
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue
374
205
83
82%
147%
Adjusted EBITDA
128
19
(24)
>500%
>500%
- Adjusted EBITDA margin
34%
9%
(29)%
25pp
38pp
Canada(1)
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue
404
NA
NA
NA
NA
Adjusted EBITDA
42
NA
NA
NA
NA
- Adjusted EBITDA margin
10%
 
NA
 
 
The Netherlands
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue
174
119
96
46%
23%
Adjusted EBITDA
76
64
59
19%
9%
- Adjusted EBITDA margin
44%
54%
61%
(10)pp
(7)pp
Rest of the World(3)
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue
514
92
53
459%
74%
Adjusted EBITDA
(74)
(25)
(12)
(196)%
(114)%
- Adjusted EBITDA margin
(14)%
(27)%
(23)%
13pp
(4)pp
Head Office
 
 
 
 
 
Adjusted EBITDA
(140)
(46)
(34)
(204)%
(34)%
Total
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue
2,042
416
232
391%
79%
Loss for the period
(170)
(121)
(7)
(40)%
<(500)%
Adjusted EBITDA
175
12
(11)
>500%
209%
(1)
The Just Eat Group was consolidated into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group from 15 April 2020. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group did not have operations in the United Kingdom or Canada during the years ended 31 December 2018 and 2019.
(2)
The Acquired German Businesses were consolidated into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group from 1 April 2019.
(3)
See “—Segmental Just Eat Takeaway.com Group Results of Operations” beginning on page 222 of this proxy statement/prospectus for information regarding the markets comprising the Rest of the World during the periods under review.
2020 Compared with 2019
Germany
Orders processed in Germany grew by 62% to 112 million for the year ended 31 December 2020 from 69 million for the year ended 31 December 2019. The increase in Orders was driven by the full-period impact of the Acquired German Businesses in 2020 and organic growth, which may have been accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. GMV grew by 75% to €2.5 billion for the year ended 31 December 2020 from €1.5 billion for the year ended 31 December 2019, primarily driven by the growth in Orders, as well as higher Average Order Values following COVID-19 lockdowns, which drove more families and households to use Lieferando.de, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s brand in Germany.
Revenue in Germany increased by 82% to €374 million for the year ended 31 December 2020 from €205 million for the year ended 31 December 2019, driven by the full-period impact of the Acquired German Businesses in 2020 and organic growth in Orders, as well as higher Average Order Values following COVID-19 lockdowns. Revenue growth in Germany outpaced the increase in Orders period-over-period as a result of the increase in Average Order Value to €22.67 (2019: €20.90), an increase in Delivery Share and the introduction in Germany in 2020 of delivery fees charged to consumers, as well as the launch of TopRank, a new promoted placement system, to give restaurants the option to increase orders through the platform, which increased other revenue in Germany during the year.
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Adjusted EBITDA improved to €128 million for the year ended 31 December 2020 from €19 million for the year ended 31 December 2019, primarily driven by continued increases in scale and organic growth in GMV, with Active Consumers producing over €2.5 billion in GMV in Germany through the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s platforms in 2020, an increase of 75% compared with the previous year’s GMV.
The Netherlands
In the Netherlands, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group processed 49 million Orders in the year ended 31 December 2020, representing a growth rate of 30% compared with the year ended 31 December 2019. Driven by higher Average Order Values of €23.54 (2019: €21.42) and an increase in Delivery Share, GMV grew by 43% during the period, outperforming Order growth by 13 percentage-points.
Revenue in the Netherlands grew by 47% to €174 million in the year ended 31 December 2020, from €119 million in the year ended 31 December 2019. This increase was primarily driven by Order growth of 30%, a higher share of Delivery Orders and GMV growth of 43%. Delivery fees charged to the consumer were also introduced in the Netherlands in 2020 and stay-at-home measures introduced due to the COVID-19 pandemic led to an increase in Average Order Value. Adjusted EBITDA increased to €76 million in the year ended 31 December 2020, compared with €64 million in the year ended 31 December 2019.
United Kingdom
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group had no United Kingdom operations in 2019 or until 15 April 2020 when the CMA’s hold separate order was lifted and the Just Eat Group was consolidated into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group. The figures are presented on the basis of the Just Eat Group’s consolidation into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group beginning 15 April 2020.
In the United Kingdom, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group processed 141 million Orders from 15 April 2020 to 31 December 2020 and revenue in the United Kingdom was €576 million from 15 April 2020 to 31 December 2020. To support restaurants and healthcare workers during the COVID-19 outbreak, following the Just Eat Group’s consolidation into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group beginning 15 April 2020, approximately €12 million was provided in temporary commission relief directed to restaurants and health service vouchers provided to healthcare workers. Consistent with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s other markets, the Average Order Value in the United Kingdom during the period was elevated compared with the year ended 31 December 2019 on a combined basis, reflecting results as if the Just Eat Acquisition had been completed on 1 January 2019, as a result of COVID-19 lockdowns.
For the period from 15 April 2020 to 31 December 2020, adjusted EBITDA was €143 million and the adjusted EBITDA margin was 25%.
Canada
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group had no Canadian operations in 2019 or until 15 April 2020 when the CMA’s hold separate order was lifted and the Just Eat Group was consolidated into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group. The figures are presented on the basis of the Just Eat Group’s consolidation into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group beginning 15 April 2020.
In Canada, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group processed 69 million Orders from 15 April 2020 to 31 December 2020 and revenue in Canada was €404 million from 15 April 2020 to 31 December 2020. Consistent with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s other markets, the Average Order Value in Canada during the period was elevated compared with the year ended 31 December 2019 on a combined basis, reflecting results as if the Just Eat Acquisition had been completed on 1 January 2019, as a result of COVID-19 lockdowns.
For the period from 15 April 2020 to 31 December 2020, adjusted EBITDA was €42 million and the adjusted EBITDA margin was 10%.
Rest of the World
Rest of the World comprises Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Israel, Luxembourg, Poland, Portugal, Romania and Switzerland and, since 15 April 2020, also Australia, Denmark, France, Ireland, Italy, New Zealand, Norway and Spain. Across the Rest of the World, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group processed 139 million Orders in the year
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ended 31 December 2020, an increase of 162% compared with 52 million Orders in the year ended 31 December 2019. The increase was primarily a result of the partial period impact of the Just Eat Acquisition in the year ended 31 December 2020.
Revenue in the Rest of the World grew by 460% to €514 million in the year ended 31 December 2020, from €92 million in the year ended 31 December 2019. This increase was primarily driven by the impact of the Just Eat Acquisition, but also was impacted by increases in consumer delivery fee revenue and online payment services revenue. Adjusted EBITDA decreased to €(74) million in the year ended 31 December 2020, compared with €(25) million in the year ended 31 December 2019. Switzerland, Ireland, Belgium and Poland each improved their adjusted EBITDA year-over-year as a result of Order growth, which was offset by investment into other markets, including investments in expanding Delivery choice and coverage, driving increased Delivery Share, and significant investment in marketing. This resulted in an adjusted EBITDA margin of (14)% in the year ended 31 December 2020.
2019 Compared with 2018
Germany
Revenue increased by 147% to €205 million for the year ended 31 December 2019 from €83 million in the year ended 31 December 2018, driven by strong organic growth of the Lieferando.de brand, as well as the successful integration of the Acquired German Businesses. Revenue growth exceeded Order growth, mainly driven by an increase of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s standard commission rate by 1% and an expansion of the Delivery market share. The proportion of Orders which were paid for online increased from 46% in the year ended 31 December 2018 to 55% in the year ended 31 December 2019.
Adjusted EBITDA improved to €19 million compared to €(24) million in the year ended 31 December 2018, driven primarily by improved marketing efficiency through integration of the Acquired German Businesses, demonstrating the scalable nature of the business.
The Netherlands
Revenue increased by 23% to €119 million in the year ended 31 December 2019 from €96 million in the year ended 31 December 2018. Revenue grew faster than Orders as a result of an increase in the average Order size, driven by an increase in the Dutch value added tax rate and an increased Delivery market share. In addition, the proportion of Orders paid for online grew from 78% in the year ended 31 December 2018 to 82% in the year ended 31 December 2019. The increase in online payments drove growth in online payment services revenue to €7 million for the year ended 31 December 2019, an increase of 12% compared to the year ended 31 December 2018. Other revenue increased by 63% to €4 million in the year ended 31 December 2019 from €2 million in the year ended 31 December 2018, mainly due to growth in sold merchandise.
Adjusted EBITDA increased to €64 million in 2019 compared to €59 million in 2018 reflecting increased operational leverage as the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group delivered more to its network of consumers and restaurants. The decline in adjusted EBITDA margin was primarily a result of increased investments in Delivery, which has structurally higher fulfillment cost levels, as well as costs that were incurred in connection with the addition of support and management staff (relating to the growth of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s business generally).
United Kingdom
The Just Eat Group was consolidated into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group from 15 April 2020. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group did not have operations in the United Kingdom during the years ended 31 December 2018 and 2019.
Canada
The Just Eat Group was consolidated into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group from 15 April 2020. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group did not have operations in Canada during the years ended 31 December 2018 and 2019.
Rest of the World
Revenue in the Rest of the World grew by 74% to €92 million in the year ended 31 December 2019 from €53 million in the year ended 31 December 2018, including the full year effect of businesses acquired in Israel, Romania, Bulgaria and Switzerland in 2018. The substantial growth in revenue reflected growth in Orders, which
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increased by 24 million, or 82%, in the year ended 31 December 2019 from the year ended 31 December 2018, and a slight increase in average commission rates. The 2019 average commission rate was mainly impacted by a 1% commission increase in Poland, with the impact of the increasing Delivery market share partly offset by the full year effect of 2018 acquisitions. The Average Order Value for the segment was slightly lower than in the year ended 31 December 2018, driven by the mix effect of a larger proportion of Orders coming from Poland and Israel, which have lower Average Order Values than Western European countries.
Adjusted EBITDA fell to €(25) million in the year ended 31 December 2019 compared to €(12) million in the year ended 31 December 2018, largely driven by the full year effect of acquisitions made in 2018 (Israel, Romania, Bulgaria and Switzerland) and by continuing investments in these high potential and under-penetrated markets. The Adjusted EBITDA margin declined by 5 percentage points to (27%).
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s principal source of liquidity during the periods under review was cash generated from Orders, as well as proceeds from a January 2019 €430 million equity offering, an April 2020 €400 million equity offering, the issuance of the Convertible Bonds 2019 and the Convertible Bonds 2020 and drawing on the Just Eat Facility.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s liquidity requirements arise primarily from the need to fund marketing expenses, meet working capital requirements and administrative expenses and to finance acquisitions. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has capacity under a contingent facility and an overdraft facility, pursuant to which it can draw cash in order to fund its working capital requirements if required. Changes in working capital can vary in the short term (as payments from restaurants are received on a daily basis, while the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group pays restaurants on a weekly basis), but changes in working capital are generally insignificant over the course of a particular year. Operating working capital is structurally negative, due to the difference between the restaurant and consumer payment cycles.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group manages its capital to ensure that entities in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group will be able to continue as going concerns while maximizing the return to stakeholders through the optimization of the debt and equity balance. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes that its existing cash, cash equivalents and available liquidity will be sufficient to meet its present working capital requirements. The capital structure of Just Eat Takeaway.com consists of net debt (borrowings, as disclosed in Note 22, after deducting available cash and cash equivalents as disclosed in Note 19, each to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-5 of this proxy statement/prospectus) and shareholders’ equity (comprising issued ordinary share capital, share premium, reserves and accumulated deficits as disclosed in Note 20 to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-49 of this proxy statement/prospectus).
Indebtedness
The following table sets forth the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s long- and short-term borrowings as of the dates indicated. Borrowings are recognized initially at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Subsequently, amounts are stated at amortized cost with the difference being recognized in the statement of profit or loss over the term of the borrowings using the effective interest rate method. See Note 22 to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-52 of this proxy statement/prospectus for a description of each debt instrument.
 
 
 
31 December
€ in millions
Maturity
Date
Interest
Rate
2020(1)
2019(1)
2018(2)
Convertible Bonds 2019 (2,500 bonds at €100,000 par value)
January
2024
2.25%
235
228
Convertible Bonds 2020 (3,000 bonds at €100,000 par value)
April 2026
1.25%
248
Takeaway.com Revolving Credit Facility(3)
NA
NA
15
Just Eat Facility(4)
March 2025
LIBOR + 0.75%
to 1.35%
Bridge Facility(5)
 
 
150
Total Borrowings(6)
 
 
483
243
150
(1)
Balance sheet data as of 31 December 2020 and 2019 has been derived from the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-5 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
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(2)
Balance sheet data as of 31 December 2018 has been derived from the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended 31 December 2019, which were prepared in conformity with IFRS as issued by the IASB and were audited in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB, but which are not included or incorporated by reference in this proxy statement/prospectus.
(3)
Terminated in April 2020.
(4)
At 31 December 2019, Just Eat had access to a committed £350 million revolving credit facility, expiring in November 2023. On 9 March 2020, the facility was amended and extended. The facility level was increased to £535 million, denominated in two tranches, £267.5 million and €307.6 million, and the term extended to 9 March 2025. The facility also includes an option to increase the commitments under the facility by a further £200 million (subject to bank credit committee approval) and an option to extend the facility by two further years (subject to bank credit committee approval). Following the Just Eat Acquisition there was a mechanism to add obligors from the wider Just Eat Takeaway.com Group to the facility. All approvals from the banks were given at the time of the amendments, subject to know-your-customer verifications and the acceding companies meeting the conditions pursuant to the revolving credit facility.
(5)
Repaid in full in January 2019.
(6)
The Convertible Bonds 2021, consisting of €600 million aggregate principal amount of Tranche A Convertible Bonds and €500 million aggregate principal amount of Tranche B Convertible Bonds, were issued on 9 February 2021.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board periodically reviews the capital structure of Just Eat Takeaway.com. As part of this review, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board considers the cost of capital and the risks associated with each class of capital.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s activities are exposed to a number of financial risks. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group seeks to minimize the effects of market risk, credit risk and liquidity risk based on charters and policies. U.S. dollar exposure arises on the forecast payment of invoices to U.S. dollar-denominated suppliers. As the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group does not currently have U.S. dollar revenues, forward foreign exchange contracts with maturities up to one year are used to manage these exposures. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group does not enter into derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group entered into forward contracts totaling $30 million and £29 million during 2020 to hedge highly probable forecasted U.S. dollar-denominated operating costs and the cash flows of an intercompany loan denominated in Canadian dollars, respectively. The forward contracts have maturity dates ranging between 4 January 2021 and 1 September 2021. The forward contracts are valued based on level 1 inputs according to the fair value hierarchy and the mark-to-market value at 31 December 2020 is a liability of €2 million. The derivative assets and liabilities meet the offsetting criteria in IAS 32. Consequently, the gross derivative liability is set off against the gross derivative asset, resulting in the presentation of a net derivative liability in the statement of financial position. This amount is included within Other liabilities. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group does not apply hedge accounting.
Convertible Bonds 2019
On 25 January 2019, Just Eat Takeaway.com issued the Convertible Bonds 2019 at 100% of their nominal value. The Convertible Bonds 2019 carry an interest rate of 2.25% payable semi-annually in arrears in equal instalments on 25 January and 25 July each year, commencing on 25 July 2019, and have a minimum denomination of €100,000 each. The initial conversion price of the Convertible Bonds 2019 was set at €69.525, representing a conversion premium of 35% above the price of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share on the pricing date. The Convertible Bonds 2019 are convertible into 3,595,828 Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, which is a rate of 1,438 Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares for every Convertible Bond 2019; unconverted Convertible Bonds 2019 become repayable on demand.
Just Eat Takeaway.com has the option to redeem all, but not a portion, of the Convertible Bonds 2019 at their principal amount plus any accrued interest from 9 February 2022, should the value of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share exceed 130% of the conversion price over a certain period.
Convertible Bonds 2020
On 30 April 2020, Just Eat Takeaway.com issued the Convertible Bonds 2020 at 100% of their nominal value. The Convertible Bonds 2020 have an interest rate of 1.25% payable semi-annually in arrears in equal installments on 30 April and 30 October each year, commencing on 30 October 2020. The Convertible Bonds 2020 have a maturity of six years and a minimum denomination of €100,000 each. The set factor conversion price of the Convertible Bonds 2020 was set at €121.80, representing a conversion premium of 40% above the price of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share on the pricing date. The Convertible Bonds 2020 are convertible into 2,463,054 Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, which is a rate of 821 Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares for every Convertible Bond 2020; unconverted Convertible Bonds 2020 become repayable on demand.
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Just Eat Takeaway.com has the option to redeem all, but not a portion, of the Convertible Bonds 2020 at their principal amount plus any accrued interest from 15 May 2023, should the value of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share exceed 150% of the conversion price over a certain period, and from 15 May 2024, should the value of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share exceed 130% of the conversion price over a certain period. At early redemption notice bondholders have the option to convert the Convertible Bonds 2020 into Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares.
Takeaway.com Revolving Credit Facility
On 26 October 2019, Just Eat Takeaway.com entered into a loan agreement for a €60 million revolving credit facility (the “Takeaway.com Revolving Credit Facility”), which was subsequently amended in January 2020 to increase the amount that could be borrowed to up to €120 million. The Takeaway.com Revolving Credit Facility was terminated in full in April 2020.
Just Eat Revolving Credit Facility
On 2 November 2017, Just Eat entered into a multi-currency revolving loan facility (as amended and restated on 9 March 2020, the “Just Eat Facility”) with total commitments of £535 million, denominated in two tranches, £267.5 million and €307.6 million, and subject to an option to increase the commitments under the facility by a further £200 million with lender consent. The borrowers under the Just Eat Facility are Just Eat and Just Eat Holding Limited, and such borrowers and certain subsidiaries of Just Eat Takeaway.com guarantee the obligations under the Just Eat Facility. Loans under the Just Eat Facility bear interest at a rate of LIBOR (or in the case of loans in euro or Canadian dollars, EURIBOR or CIDOR), plus a margin ranging from 0.75% to 1.35% based on Just Eat’s Leverage Ratio (defined below). Pursuant to the Just Eat Facility, a commitment fee equal to 35% of the applicable margin per annum on the lenders’ undrawn commitments and a utilization fee ranging between 0.10% and 0.40%, depending on the balance drawn under the Just Eat Facility, also apply. Availability of amounts under the Just Eat Facility is subject to compliance with financial covenants, tested semi-annually. The covenants require that (i) the ratio of total net debt to “Adjusted EBITDA” (as such term is defined in the Just Eat Facility) for Just Eat shall not exceed 3.0:1 (the “Leverage Ratio”), subject to certain exceptions; and (ii) the ratio of “Adjusted EBITDA” (as such term is defined in the Just Eat Facility) to net finance charges for Just Eat shall not be less than 4.0:1. The Just Eat Facility matures on 9 March 2025 but includes an extension option for two additional years with lender consent. As of 31 December 2020, Just Eat was in compliance with the financial covenants under the Just Eat Facility.
Cash Flow
The following table presents certain consolidated cash flow data for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group for the periods indicated:
 
Year ended
31 December
in millions €
2020
2019
2018
Net cash generated by / (used in) operating activities
178
(63)
(2)
Net cash generated by / (used in) investing activities
15
(497)
(131)
Net cash generated by financing activities
292
520
133
Net increase / (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
485
(40)
0
Effects of exchange rate changes of cash held in foreign currencies
(6)
0
0
Total net increase / (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
479
(40)
0
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Cash payments to employees and suppliers are recognized as cash flows from operating activities. Cash flows from operating activities also include costs of business acquisition and divestment related costs, spending on provisions, and income taxes paid on operating activities.
Net cash generated by operating activities amounted to €178 million in the year ended 31 December 2020, compared with net cash used in operating activities of €63 million in the year ended 31 December 2019 and net cash used in operating activities of €2 million in 2018. The change in 2020 from 2019 was mainly driven by the Just Eat Acquisition, partially offset by higher interest paid of €14 million (2019: €7 million) and income taxes
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paid of €33 million (2019: €3 million). The change in 2019 from 2018 was mainly driven by the impact of the German Businesses Acquisition due to opening balances for restaurant payables and staff related expenses, additional expenses related to the Just Eat Acquisition in 2019, interest paid and timing of pay-out amounts due to restaurants.
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Cash flows from investing activities are those arising from capital expenditure and disposal, additions and disposals of loans carried at amortized cost, additions and disposals of joint ventures and equity investments, and from the acquisition of business combinations. Cash and cash equivalents available at the time of acquisition or sale are deducted from the related payments or proceeds.
Net cash generated by investing activities was €15 million in the year ended 31 December 2020, an increase of €512 million compared with the year ended 31 December 2019, which included €113 million in cash acquired in relation to the Just Eat Acquisition in 2020 (2019: €490 million consideration paid in relation to the German Businesses Acquisition net of cash acquired). Net cash used in investing activities in 2019 was €497 million, compared to €131 million in 2018, which development was primarily driven by the cash paid to acquire the Acquired German Businesses.
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Cash flows from financing activities comprise the cash receipts of the exercise of share options, and payments for issued shares, debt instruments, and short-term financing.
Net cash generated by financing activities was €292 million in the year ended 31 December 2020, compared with €520 million in the year ended 31 December 2019 and €133 million in the year ended 31 December 2018. The main drivers in 2020 were (i) proceeds from the issuance of new shares through an accelerated equity offering of shares of €400 million, (ii) the issuance of the 2020 convertible bonds of €300 million and (iii) the net repayment on revolving credit facilities of €359 million, consisting of €344 million repaid on the Just Eat Facility and €15 million repaid on the Takeaway.com Revolving Credit Facility. The financing activities in the year ended 31 December 2019 primarily consisted of, and the year-over-year increase from 2018 was driven by, the Convertible Bonds 2019 with a face value of €250 million, the drawdown on the Takeaway.com Revolving Credit Facility of €15 million, proceeds of €418 million from the accelerated bookbuild offering, and repayment of €150 million of the bridge facility which was raised in connection with the 10bis acquisition, with transaction costs constituting the majority of additional amounts of cash used in financing activities.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
 
Year ended
31 December
€ in millions
2020
2019
2018
Cash and cash equivalents excluding Stichting Derdengelden
488
32
78
Cash balances held by Stichting Derdengelden(1)
41
18
12
Total Cash and Cash Equivalents
529
50
90
(1)
Stichting Derdengelden Takeaway.com (“SD”), a foundation, collects the entire value of Orders paid by consumers through third party payment service providers for Orders made in several of the legacy Takeaway.com countries. The cash balances held by SD represent amounts due to restaurants (food value net of Just Eat Takeaway.com Group charges), consumers (refunds) and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group (commissions, other charges and VAT). Each week, Takeaway.com Payments BV, a Dutch incorporated 100% subsidiary of Just Eat Takeaway.com, calculates the amount due to each party and instructs SD to distribute the payable amounts. SD acts as a trustee, hence the cash balances are restricted.
Cash and cash equivalents are stated at face value and comprise cash balances, deposits held on call with banks, and other short-term highly liquid investments (maturity less than 3 months from acquisition date) that are readily convertible to a known amount of cash and subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
As of 31 December 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group had issued bank guarantees amounting to €2 million (31 December 2019: €1 million), and had issued letters of credit amounting to €7 million (31 December 2019: nil). Cash and cash equivalents are not restricted in relation to cross-border cash movements or repatriation due to tax complications. The amount of impairment allowance as at 31 December 2020 was nil (2019: nil, 2018: nil).
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The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group collects receivables (i.e., payments from consumers) from payment service providers and passes these amounts on to financial institutions (for, amongst other things, payment to the restaurants listed on its portal). In certain jurisdictions, SD acts as trustee. Cash balances held by SD are restricted.
Capital Expenditure
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group owns property and equipment, leasehold improvements and other equipment, which are presented in the financial statements at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses (if any). Depreciation is recognized to write off the cost of an item of property and equipment, less any residual value, over its estimated useful life using a straight-line depreciation method. It is calculated as a fixed percentage of cost and is recognized from the date an asset is available for use.
Investment in property and equipment increased by 238% to €27 million for the year ended 31 December 2020 from €8 million for the year ended 31 December 2019 (31 December 2018: €4 million), in each case, related primarily to office equipment. At 31 December 2020, the contractual commitments entered into by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group on leasehold improvements amount to €3 million in 2020 (2019: €1 million).
Research and Development
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group dedicates resources to improve the consumer experience and enhance its offering to restaurants. Internally developed websites, apps and other software are capitalized to the extent that incremental costs can be separately identified, the product is technically feasible, expenditure can be measured reliably, and sufficient resources are available to complete the project. Where these conditions are not met the amounts are expensed as incurred. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group capitalized development costs of €13 million during 2020. No research and development expenditures were capitalized during 2019 or 2018.
Litigation and Settlements
As discussed in Note 29 to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-63 of this proxy statement/prospectus, various legal proceedings or claims are pending or may be instituted against the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group. See Note 29 to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-63 of this proxy statement/prospectus and “Business of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group—Legal and Administrative Proceedings” beginning on page 186 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Governmental Activity
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is subject to regulation by government officials. For more information about risks related to regulation, see “Business of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group—Regulatory” beginning on page 189 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group uses customary off-balance sheet arrangements, such as short-term and low value leases and guarantees, to finance its business. None of these arrangements has had or is likely to have a material effect on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s results of operations, financial condition or liquidity. See Note 28 to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-63 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
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Summary of Contractual Commitments
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s contractual obligations as of 31 December 2020 were as follows:
 
Total
Less than
1 Year
1-5 Years
Thereafter
Long-term Debt Obligations(1)
590
9
581
0
Just Eat Facility
0
0
0
0
Lease Obligations(2)
108
24
63
21
Purchase Obligations(3)
20
19
1
0
Other Long-Term Liabilities(4)
80
4
32
44
Total Cash Obligations(5)
798
56
677
65
(1)
For more information about the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s long-term debt, see Note 22 to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-52 of this proxy statement/prospectus. The undiscounted cash flows represented both interest and principal cash flows. The nominal amount of the Convertible Bonds may be converted into Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares.
(2)
Lease obligations represent estimated payments primarily related to real estate, delivery bikes and vehicles. See Notes 25 and 28 to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements beginning on pages F-58 and F-63, respectively, of this proxy statement/prospectus.
(3)
Purchase obligations relate primarily to media contracts, sponsorship and IT contracts and exclude leasehold improvements.
(4)
At 31 December 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group had a lease contract for a new Berlin office that has not yet commenced. The property is currently under construction and is expected to be available in July or August 2021. The lease payments amount to €8 million annually, with a duration of 10 years.
(5)
Total cash obligations are based on future payments contractually or otherwise committed to by 31 December 2020 and related to leases, purchases and debt.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Information on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s financial risk management and treasury policies can be found in Note 24 to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-54 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Interest Rate Risk
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is exposed to interest rate risk due to existing borrowings at both fixed and floating interest rates. The risk is managed by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board by maintaining an acceptable mix between fixed and floating rate borrowings. For the periods under review, Just Eat Takeaway.com obtained only one debt instrument with a floating rate of interest, the Takeaway.com Revolving Credit Facility, which was terminated in April 2020. As a result of the Just Eat Acquisition, certain subsidiaries of Just Eat Takeaway.com are borrowers under one debt instrument with a floating rate of interest, the Just Eat Facility. See Note 24 to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-54 of this proxy statement/prospectus for further discussion of interest rate risk.
As of 31 December 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group had no outstanding drawings subject to a floating interest rate pursuant to the Just Eat Facility. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is exposed to interest rate risk on any variable-rate debt drawn under the Just Eat Facility, as a result of which fluctuations in interest rates can impact the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements and a rising interest rate environment would increase the amount of interest paid on debt drawn under the Just Eat Facility. A hypothetical 100 basis point increase in interest rates would have resulted in an insignificant increase in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s interest expense for the year ended 31 December 2020.
Foreign Exchange Risk
Foreign exchange risk is the risk to earnings or capital arising from movement of foreign exchange rates. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group undertakes transactions denominated in foreign currencies and therefore currency fluctuations may impact the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s financial results.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is mainly exposed to changes in foreign currency fluctuations of the Australian dollar, the Canadian dollar, the Danish Krone, the Swiss franc, the British pound sterling, the Bulgarian Lev, the Romanian Leu, the Israeli New Shekel, the Polish Zloty and the U.S. dollar. The Just Eat
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Takeaway.com Group is also exposed to changes in foreign currency fluctuations of the euro. While the euro is the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s reporting currency, the carrying amounts of the euro are relevant in relation to exposure to the exchange rate fluctuations of the euro within subsidiaries which have other functional currencies. Of these exposures, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group considers its exposure to the euro, the Canadian dollar, the British pound sterling, the U.S. dollar and the Danish Krone to be material. The carrying amounts of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s foreign currency assets and liabilities in such foreign currencies are as follows:
(€ in millions)
Assets
31 December
2020
Liabilities
31 December
2020
Euro
52
56
Canadian dollars
36
15
British pounds sterling
26
44
U.S. dollars
13
6
Danish Krone
1
26
A sensitivity analysis was performed to determine the impact on Just Eat Takeaway.com’s loss and equity of a 5% change in the relevant foreign currency exchange rates, with all other variables held constant. The analysis included only outstanding foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities (i.e. those monetary assets and liabilities denominated in a currency that differs from the Just Eat Takeaway.com entities’ functional currencies). The percentage used (5%) is the sensitivity rate used when reporting foreign currency risk internally to key management personnel and represents management’s assessment of the reasonably possible change in foreign exchange rates. It was concluded that a reasonably possible change in the relevant foreign currency exchange rates would have a small impact on Just Eat Takeaway.com’s loss and equity. See Note 24 to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-54 of this proxy statement/prospectus for further discussion of foreign currency risk.
Credit Risk
Credit risk is the risk that a customer or other counterparty will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial loss to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group. In the event the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group decides to assume more credit risk through asset concentrations or adoption of new credit standards in conjunction with untested business lines, it will properly evaluate the impact this action will have on its liquidity.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group structures the levels of credit risk it undertakes by placing limits on the amount of risk accepted in relation to one borrower, or groups of borrowers and industry segments. Such risks are monitored on a revolving basis and are subject to frequent review. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board periodically discusses the level of credit exposure from restaurants and corporate accounts at its meetings. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group usually collects trade receivables within seven days.
Note 24 details the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s exposure to credit risk and the measurement bases used to determine expected credit losses for trade receivables.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has two sublease contracts of office facilities in Germany with payments in advance. These contracts were added as part of the acquisition of the Acquired German Businesses. Since recognition the credit risk of net investment in the leases has not changed as all lease payments were received in a timely manner. Trade receivables consist of a large number of unrelated restaurants in various geographical areas.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s credit risk is reduced by its business model which allows it to offset payables to restaurants against receivables. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group does not have significant credit risk exposure to any single counterparty. Concentration of credit risk to any counterparty did not exceed 5% of gross monetary assets at any time during 2020 (2019: did not exceed 5%).
The credit risk on liquid funds is limited because the counterparties are financial institutions with strong credit-ratings assigned by international credit-rating agencies.
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Liquidity Risk
Liquidity risk to earnings or capital arises from a possible scenario that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group might not be able to meet its obligations when they come due, without incurring unacceptable losses.
Liquidity risk includes the inability to manage unplanned decreases or changes in funding sources. Liquidity risk also arises from a failure to recognize or address changes in the market conditions that affect the ability to liquidate assets quickly and with minimal loss in value.
As of 31 December 2020, the aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Convertible Notes 2019 was €250 million, the aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Convertible Notes 2020 was €300 million and there were no outstanding borrowings under the Just Eat Facility. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is exposed to interest rate risk on any variable-rate debt drawn under the Just Eat Facility, as a result of which fluctuations in interest rates can impact the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements and a rising interest rate environment would increase the amount of interest paid on debt drawn under the Just Eat Facility. A hypothetical 100 basis point increase in interest rates would have resulted in an insignificant increase in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s interest expense for the year ended 31 December 2020. For fixed-rate debt, changes in interest rates generally affect the fair value of the debt instruments, but not the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s earnings or cash flows. Changes in fair value of the debt instruments should not have a significant impact on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s fixed-rate debt unless the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s becomes required or elects to refinance or repurchase such debt.
Ultimate responsibility for liquidity risk management rests with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board, which has established an approach for the management of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s short-, medium- and long-term funding and liquidity requirements. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group manages liquidity risk by maintaining adequate reserves, by continuously monitoring cash flows, and by matching the maturity profiles of financial assets and liabilities.
For further information on the repayment structure of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s financial assets and debt, see Note 24 to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-54 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Impact of COVID-19
Over the past year, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has been managing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on its business and monitoring its impact on the wider industry and the broader economy. While the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group saw trends towards increasing Orders and the increasing adoption of online payments as the preferred method of payment of its consumers accelerate due to a shift of consumer behavior with the COVID-19 pandemic, the pandemic has, in some jurisdictions, had a potentially adverse impact on partner restaurants, largely due to mandatory stay-at-home orders and restrictions on in-restaurant dining, which have contributed to changes in consumer behavior. As a result, some categories of restaurants in some geographies temporarily paused operations or limited their operations to take-out and delivery. The sustainability of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consumer, restaurant and Delivery network remains of utmost importance and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group provided temporary commission relief in the United Kingdom and Canada. The UK temporary commission relief consisted of a one-third reduction in commissions to independent restaurants for a period during March and April, which reduced commissions received by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group on impacted Orders by £12.3 million. The Canadian temporary commission relief consisted of a rebate of 25% of commissions during March and April, which reduced commissions received by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group on impacted Orders by Cdn$24 million. Through these and a range of other packages to support its restaurant partners and communities, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group provided support worth approximately €59 million worldwide during 2020 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group may apply similar measures to support its restaurant partners in the future.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes that it is well positioned for long-term growth and the net impact of the pandemic has been positive, however, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group cannot reasonably estimate the duration or severity of the economic impact to consumers and restaurants of the restrictions on daily life to limit the spread of COVID-19, or the ultimate impact on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s operations and liquidity. In spite of the performance of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group during the year ended 31 December 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group continues to actively monitor potential risks to or restraints on the business as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted, and may continue
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to result, in significant disruption of global financial markets, reducing the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s ability to access capital, which could in the future negatively affect its liquidity, including its ability to repay amounts outstanding under the Just Eat Facility or the Convertible Bonds when due. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group will continue to actively monitor the situation and may take actions as may be required by government authorities, or that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group determines are in the best interests the company. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Business of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the Grubhub Group and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group—Public health issues such as a major pandemic or epidemic, including the long-term continuation or escalation of the COVID-19 outbreak, may have an adverse impact on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s, the Grubhub Group’s and, following Completion, the Enlarged Group’s business” beginning on page 48 of this proxy statement/prospectus for further discussion.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of policies and reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. The application of accounting policies requires judgments that impact the amounts recognized. In general, the judgments, estimates and assumptions are based on market information, knowledge, historical experience and other factors that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. The recognized amounts are based on factors which by default are associated with uncertainties. Actual results may differ from those estimates and may result in material adjustments in the next financial year(s). The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods. For further information on all of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s significant judgments, accounting policies, estimates and assumptions, see Note 2 to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-9 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
The most significant estimates and assumptions are:
Principal versus agent revenue recognition
Judgment is required in evaluating whether the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is the principal or an agent in transactions with its customers. The evaluation is based on whether the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group controls the goods or services provided to the customer and therefore is the principal in the transaction and presents revenue on a gross basis, or arranges for other parties to provide the service to the customer and therefore is an agent in the transaction and presents revenue on a net basis.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board has determined that, for marketplace services, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is an agent as consumers use the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group platform to choose a restaurant's distinct offerings and place an order for them, with fulfilment of the food order always remaining the responsibility and within the control of the restaurant. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group does not pre-purchase or otherwise obtain control of the restaurant’s goods or services prior to their transfer to the consumer.
In addition to marketplace services, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group includes the option of delivery services in contracting with restaurants. If the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group contracts with a restaurant for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group to provide delivery services, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board has determined that the delivery service is controlled by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group because (i) the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has the responsibility for performing the delivery service, including but not limited to, identifying and directing the couriers to perform the delivery services, thereby controlling the service before it is transferred to the consumer; (ii) the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group remains at all times primarily responsible to its customers for delivering the food to the consumer; and (iii) the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has sole discretion in setting the transaction price, hours of operation and boundaries for the delivery services (as well as the other key terms) and the sole ability to decline the provision of services for delivery.
The majority of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s revenue is recognized when the transaction is completed, i.e., when the order is delivered to the consumer and it is probable that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group will collect the related consideration, that being on delivery of food to a consumer. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group typically receives the fees within a short period of time following completion of the
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transaction. Commission revenue is recorded on a net basis as the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has concluded that it is acting as an agent. Fees for delivery services charged to the consumer are recognized in revenue, with the cost incurred in providing the delivery services and processing transactions included in order fulfilment costs, as the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has concluded that it is acting as the principal where the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group controls the delivery service.
Taxation
As a result of the geographical spread of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s operations and the varied, increasingly complex nature of local and global tax law, there are some transactions for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain during the ordinary course of business. Resolving tax issues can take several years and is not always within the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s control.
For each Just Eat Takeaway.com Group entity, the current income tax expense is calculated and (material) differences between the accounting and tax base are determined, resulting in deferred tax assets or liabilities. These calculations may deviate from the final tax assessments, which will be received in future periods.
In determining the amount of current and deferred tax, the impact of uncertain tax positions and whether additional taxes and interest may be due are taken into account. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes that its accruals for tax liabilities are adequate for all open tax years based on its assessment of many factors, including interpretations of tax law and prior experience. A provision is recognized for those matters for which the tax determination is uncertain, but it is considered probable that the relevant tax authority will not accept the tax treatment under tax law. The provisions are measured at the best estimate of the amount expected to become payable. A change in estimate of the likelihood of a future outflow and/or in the expected amount to be settled would be recognized in the period in which the change occurs. This requires the application of judgment as to the ultimate outcome, which can change over time depending on facts and circumstances. Judgments mainly relate to transfer pricing, including inter-company financing, expenditure deductible for tax purposes and restructuring of the assets in order to align the tax and legal structure with the business model of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group.
A deferred tax asset is recognized to the extent that it is probable that sufficient and suitable future taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences and unused tax losses can be utilized. Relevant tax law is considered to determine the availability of the losses to offset against the taxable profits in the future. Recognition of deferred tax assets therefore involves judgment regarding the future financial performance of the entities for which the deferred tax asset has been recognized and is therefore inherently uncertain.
Liabilities in respect of uncertain tax positions, if these would occur, are measured based on interpretation of country-specific tax law and assigning probabilities to the possible likely outcomes and range of taxes payable in order to ascertain a weighted average probable liability. In-house tax experts, external tax experts and previous experience are used to help assess the tax risks when determining and recognizing such liabilities. See Note 9 to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-29 of this proxy statement/prospectus for details of the tax losses recognized.
Capitalized development costs
The continual enhancement of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s platforms is a key strategy to achieve the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s goals, as the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group operates in a competitive environment, with well-funded and innovative competitors. Failure to maintain the pace of change and technology development would lead to a reduction in economic returns. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group continues to invest in the functionality of its products and to improve the experience for all of its users and there is judgment in how to account for this subsequent expenditure on its existing intangible assets.
Judgment is required in evaluating whether subsequent development expenditure is to be capitalized as an internally generated intangible asset or expensed as incurred. The key elements of judgment are whether the development project will generate incremental probable future economic benefit and which projects result in substantial improvements that increase the functionality of the asset. Economic benefit is determined as either an increase in revenues or reduction in costs. Only those projects that are a substantial improvement and that result in direct and incremental economic benefit will be capitalized.
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Some development expenditure is required to maintain the performance of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s marketplace and to ensure that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consumers continue to have a positive experience. However, in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board’s judgment these projects do not directly result in incremental economic benefit and therefore have been expensed. Expenditures that result in a new or substantially improved product and directly result in additional probable future economic benefit for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life. See Note 13 to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-43 of this proxy statement/prospectus for further details.
Impairment of Goodwill
Determining whether goodwill is impaired requires an estimation of the value in use of the CGUs to which goodwill has been allocated. The value in use calculation requires the Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors to estimate the future cash flows expected to arise from the CGU and a suitable discount rate in order to calculate present value. Where the actual future cash flows are less than expected, a material impairment loss may arise. The key sources of estimation uncertainty in the assessment of goodwill impairment are the assumptions around order growth rates, the weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”) and the reduction in driver costs per order (the primary direct cost per order). Should the actual performance be worse than assumptions made relating to order growth and cost reductions, or if future outlook changes over time, there is a significant risk of a material adjustment to goodwill within the next 12 months. Changes in the competitive or regulatory environment or changes in technology could result in significant changes to order growth and costs per order. For example, a new competitor may enter a market, or labor regulations may change. Such risks are actively monitored and factored into future cash flow estimates when known or anticipated. See Note 12 to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-40 of this proxy statement/prospectus for further details on the carrying amounts and impairment analyses performed.
Impairment of Intangible Assets Other Than Goodwill
Intangible assets other than goodwill are impaired if the carrying value exceeds the recoverable amount (i.e., the higher of fair value less costs of disposal and value in use). An impairment test is carried out on the intangible asset or CGU where there is an indication of impairment during the year. In such cases, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors determine the value in use by estimating the future cash flows expected to arise from the asset or CGU and a suitable discount rate in order to calculate present value. Where the actual future cash flows are less than expected, a material impairment loss may arise.
Changes in the competitive or regulatory environment or changes in technology could result in significant changes to future cash flows expected to arise from the asset or CGU and the suitable discount rate. For example, a new competitor may enter a market, or labor regulations may change. Such risks are actively monitored and factored into future cash flow estimates when known or anticipated. See Note 13 to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-43 of this proxy statement/prospectus for further details on the carrying amounts and impairment analyses performed.
Useful Lives of Non-Current Assets
The useful lives have to be determined for other intangible assets and property and equipment. The useful lives are estimated based upon best practice within the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and are in line with common market practice. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group reviews the remaining useful lives of its non-current assets annually.
The uncertainty included in this estimate is that the useful lives are estimated longer than the actual useful lives of the intangible assets and property and equipment, which could possibly result in accelerated amortization and depreciation in future years and/or impairments at the end of the actual useful lives of the related intangible assets and property and equipment.
Provisions and Contingencies
In determining the likelihood and timing of potential cash out flows, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group needs to make estimates. For claims and litigation, the assessment is based on internal and external legal assistance and established precedents. For contingencies, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is required to exercise significant judgment to determine whether the risk of loss is possible but not probable. Contingencies involve inherent uncertainties including, but not limited to, court rulings and negotiations between affected parties.
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Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Certain new accounting standards and interpretations have been issued but are not yet effective for the year ended 31 December 2020 and have not been early adopted:
Adoption of IFRS 17 Insurance contracts;
Amendments to IAS 37 Onerous Contracts – Cost of fulfilling a contract;
Amendments to IAS 16 Proceeds before Intended Use;
Amendments to IFRS 3 Reference to the Conceptual Framework;
Amendments to IAS 1 Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current;
Amendments to IFRS 10 and IAS 28 Sale or Contribution of Assets between an Investor and its Associate or Joint Venture;
Annual Improvements to IFRS Standards 2018-2020 Cycle: Amendments to IFRS 1 First-time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards, IFRS 9 Financial Instruments, IFRS 16 Leases, and IAS 41 Agriculture;
Amendments to IFRS 4 Insurance contracts - deferral of IFRS 9; and
Amendments to IFRS 9, IAS 39, IFRS 7, IFRS 4 and IFRS 16 Interest rate benchmark reform - phase 2.
None of the accounting standards issued but not yet effective are expected to have a significant impact on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements.
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INFORMATION ABOUT THE MANAGEMENT AND COMPENSATION OF
JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM
Just Eat Takeaway.com’s Remuneration of Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors and Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors
Introduction
The sections below provide information on the compensation provided by Just Eat Takeaway.com in fiscal year 2020 to those individuals who will serve as a member of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board or the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board following Completion. Each of David Fisher and Lloyd Frink is expected to become a member of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders have approved the appointment of Matthew Maloney as a member of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board, in each case effective upon Completion and for a term until the end of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s annual General Meeting held in 2021. At Just Eat Takeaway.com’s annual General Meeting for 2021, which is expected to be held on 12 May 2021, it is proposed that each of Messrs. Frink and Fisher be re-appointed as members of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s Supervisory Board and that Mr. Maloney be re-appointed as a member of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s Management Board, in each case effective upon Completion and for a term until the end of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s annual General Meeting held in 2022. In each case, such individual did not receive any compensation from Just Eat Takeaway.com in fiscal year 2020, and so is omitted from the disclosure below.
Highlights Summary
There was a step-change in Just Eat Takeaway.com’s scale and performance in fiscal year 2020, both from the combination with Just Eat during the year and the organic performance of the markets in which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group operated during 2020. On a combined basis, reflecting results as if the Just Eat Acquisition had been completed on 1 January 2019, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group processed 588 million Orders in 2020, an increase of 175 million, or 42%, compared with 2019 and generated €12.9 billion in GMV, which is 51% higher compared with 2019. On a combined basis, reflecting results as if the Just Eat Acquisition had been completed 1 January 2019, Average Order Values increased in all of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s segments on a year-on-year basis. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s revenue increased to €2,042 million in 2020, exceeding Order and GMV growth on the basis of actual results.
As announced in Just Eat Takeaway.com’s 2019 annual report, the remuneration policy of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board, which was adopted by the general meeting on 14 May 2019, was amended in 2020. The changes intend to align the remuneration policy with the current size, scope and complexity of Just Eat Takeaway.com following the combination with Just Eat Takeaway.com and the implications of being a company incorporated in the Netherlands, having a two-tier board and with a London Stock Exchange listing. In preparing this policy, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board considered the external environment in which Just Eat Takeaway.com operates, the Dutch Corporate Governance Code, the Dutch implementation of the Shareholder Rights Directive II in the Netherlands, as well as the requirements of the UK Corporate Governance Code to the extent practicable. The amendment of the remuneration policy was adopted at the general meeting on 14 May 2020 (“AGM 2020”) with a vote of 99.2% cast in favor of the amendment which became effective as of 1 January 2020.
On 31 December 2020, the conditional performance options granted as of 31 December 2017 vested. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board’s performance over the period 2018 through 2020 led to the conditional performance options vesting with a success ratio of 100 percent.
Summary of the 2020 Revision of the Remuneration Policy of the Management Board
The revision of the remuneration policy for the members of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board, effective as of 1 January 2020, kept the design of the remuneration policy as simple and transparent as possible. The amendments that were implemented in the remuneration policy of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board to reflect the combination of Just Eat Takeaway.com and legacy Takeaway.com in the remuneration design and to ensure market competitiveness and alignment with Just Eat Takeaway.com’s strategy, can be summarized as follows:
Update of the local cross-industry reference market.
No changes to the fixed annual base fee.
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Introduction of an annual bonus plan as short-term incentive (STI), to align with the phase of development of Just Eat Takeaway.com and market practice:
No STI was previously in place, as the composition of the remuneration package was aligned with the phase of Just Eat Takeaway.com. For the same reason, this element is now introduced based on the Just Eat Takeaway.com “Annual Bonus Plan” with amended performance measures. The STI pays out in cash and in deferred shares for above target pay-out (total period of vesting and holding equals 5 years where the holding period continues post- ‘employment’). The at target value is 75% of base fee for all Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board members and 150% of base fee at maximum;
The performance measures comprise of a mix of financial measures (75%) and nonfinancial measures (25%), supporting the strategy of Just Eat Takeaway.com: (i) number of new consumers (25%), (ii) number of Active Consumers (25%), (iii) number of orders per consumer (25%) and (iv) certain personal / non-financial measures (25%). The component of performance measures consisting of personal / non-financial measures is not a fixed category and the applicable measures will be determined each year. For example, in 2020 the applicable non-financial measure was the successful integration of the Just Eat Group business and this non-financial measure applied equally to each Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Director. Alternatively, in future years, the personal / non-financial measures may be derived from individual performance evaluations.
Adjustment of the long-term incentive (LTI), to align with the phase of development of Just Eat Takeaway.com and market practice:
Awards under the long-term incentive plan (referred to as “LTIP” hereafter) were previously granted as conditional performance options with an exercise price. Following 1 January 2020, the long-term incentive awards are granted in form of conditional nil-cost performance options;
The measures as applied previously, i.e. revenue growth (weight 37.5%), relative TSR (weight 37.5%) and a strategic target (weight 25%). remain the performance measures for the long-term incentive plan;
To measure relative TSR performance and given the London Stock Exchange listing, the FTSE 100 is added to the local cross-industry index (AEX). To include a sector perspective, a more technology weighted index, i.e. the NASDAQ 100 index, is added as well (one third each). Relative TSR will be calculated based on the common currency approach;
The minimum vesting will be decreased from 50% to 40% at median performance level and the maximum vesting increased from 150% to 200% of target for upper quartile performance, to align with the Just Eat Takeaway.com vesting schedule and to position within the market practice bandwidth;
The holding period for shares continues post-employment, going forward.
Introduction of shareholding guidelines: Shareholding guidelines were not previously in place because the levels of ownership of the members of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board were already significantly above market standards for this requirement. These were formally introduced as of 1 January 2020.
This summary does not purport to be a complete summary of the changes made, or a complete description of the specific changes referred to in this summary.
Remuneration Packages Fiscal Year 2020
Compensation Package Management Board
As announced in the remuneration report of the Just Eat Takeaway.com 2019 annual report, a revised remuneration policy for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board has been prepared and proposed for adoption at the AGM 2020. It became effective as of 1 January 2020.
The remuneration policy is aimed at attracting, motivating and retaining highly qualified Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board members and rewarding them with a balanced and competitive remuneration package. The policy has been developed mindful of the external environment in which Just Eat Takeaway.com
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operates, the requirements of the Dutch Corporate Governance Code, as well as the implementation of the Shareholder Rights Directive II in the Netherlands, considering scenario analyses, internal pay differentials and the (non-)financial performance indicators relevant to the long-term objectives of Just Eat Takeaway.com, hereby focusing on sustainable results and alignment with Just Eat Takeaway.com’s strategy. To the extent practicable, the requirements of the UK Corporate Governance Code are also incorporated. The remuneration policy supports both short and long-term objectives, whereas the emphasis is on long-term value creation for the Company and its stakeholders. The remuneration policy is felt to be appropriate to support the long-term success of Just Eat Takeaway.com while ensuring that it does not promote inappropriate risk taking. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board proposed to keep the design of the policy as simple and transparent as possible.
Pursuant to the remuneration policy, the remuneration of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors consists of the following elements: (i) fixed annual base fee; (ii) benefits; (iii) pension; (iv) STI; (v) LTIP consisting of conditional performance shares; and (vi) shareholding guidelines.
The fixed remuneration (on an annual basis) of the individual Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors as included in the remuneration policy, is set out in the following table:
€’000
J. Groen
CEO
B. Wissink
CFO
J. Gerbig
COO
2019
Base fee
475
450
450
1,375
Pensions allowance
50
50
50
150
Benefits
31
22
1
54
Total remuneration
556
522
501
1,579
The compensation package for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board during fiscal year 2020 consisted of the following fixed and variable components, which are discussed in more detail below:
Fixed annual base fee;
Benefits;
Pension;
STI; and
LTIP consisting of conditional performance shares.
Base Fee
The base fee of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors is a fixed-cash compensation paid monthly. The base fee was not increased in fiscal year 2020.
Benefits
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors are entitled to customary fringe benefits, such as expense allowances, reimbursement of costs incurred and a company car.
Pension
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors receive an annual cash allowance to participate in a pension scheme or obtain pension insurance and to obtain insurance for disability to work. The allowance amounts to €50,000 per year per Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Director. No Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Director participates in a collective pension scheme.
Short-term incentive (STI)
To motivate Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors and incentivize delivery of performance over a one-year operating cycle, focusing on the short- or medium-term elements of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group's strategic aims, the remuneration includes variable remuneration in the form of an STI, which will be delivered partly in cash and partly as a deferred award of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares.
Any STI outcome achieved above 75% (at-target) of base fee will be delivered as a deferred award of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, with the period of deferral being three years with one-third of the amounts deferred
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vesting and being capable of release at each anniversary of the making of the deferred award. The vested awards will be subject to a further holding period of two years during which time awards may not normally be exercised or released, except to pay tax on vesting, but are no longer contingent on performance conditions nor future engagement.
Performance over each financial year is measured against stretching targets set by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board at the beginning of the year, based on the budget and taking into account the strategy aspirations. The maximum level of the STI outcome for a Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Director is 150% of base fee per year.
Long Term Incentive Plan (LTIP)
To motivate and incentivize delivery of sustained performance over the long-term, and to promote alignment with shareholders’ interests, the remuneration includes variable remuneration in the form of an LTIP. Awards under the LTIP may be granted in the form of conditional nil-cost options, awards or forfeitable shares which vest to the extent that performance conditions are satisfied over a period of at least three years.
Under the LTIP rules, vested awards may also be settled in cash (although this will typically be the case only if required to comply with non-Dutch and non-UK legal constraints). Vested awards for Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors will be subject to a further holding period of two years during which time awards may not normally be exercised or released, except to pay tax on vesting, but are no longer contingent on performance conditions nor future engagement.
Performance is measured over a period of three financial years against stretching targets set at the beginning of the performance period. After three years, vesting is determined. The target award level is 100% of base fee for the CEO as well as for other Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors. The number of conditionally granted shares is 100% of base fee divided by the share price average of the five-day period after the annual General Meeting. The formal limit under the LTIP allows vesting of 200% of the target level (excluding any dividend equivalent accruals).
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board, at its sole discretion, will decide if and to what extent grants are made to individual members of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board. Grants shall be determined on the basis of a consistent granting policy and set as a percentage of the base fee of the members of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board.
In order to mitigate dilution, Just Eat Takeaway.com may repurchase shares to cover the awards granted, effectively with the result that no new shares have to be issued when conditional options are exercised or awards vest.
Compensation Package for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board
In the AGM 2020, a remuneration policy for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board was adopted by 100% of the votes of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders voting in favor of the policy. The initial remuneration of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board was determined by the General Meeting, prior to the completion of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s initial public offering, on 3 October 2016. On 9 January 2020, the General Meeting resolved to approve a different remuneration structure in respect of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors appointed therein. The appointment of Ms. Burr and Mr. Palaniappan became effective as of 31 January 2020, but as they were prevented from acting they received remuneration as from 15 April 2020 only. Therefore the different remuneration applied only between 15 April 2020 until the remuneration policy for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board was adopted at the 2020 AGM. In due observance of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s remuneration policy for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board as adopted at the 2020 AGM, the remuneration of the individual Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors has been amended and has taken effect as of the date following the 2020 AGM.
The main objective of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board remuneration policy is to attract and retain Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors, taking into account the nature of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s business, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board’s activities and the desired expertise, experience and independence of the Supervisory Directors, as set out in the profile of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board. The remuneration policy for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board aims to reward Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors to utilize their expertise and experience to the maximum extent possible, to
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execute the responsibilities assigned to them including but not limited to the responsibilities imposed by the Dutch Civil Code, the Articles of association and the DCGC and, to the extent practicable, the UK Corporate Governance Code. The fees payable to the Supervisory Directors are determined by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board. The fees payable to the chairperson of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board are determined by the Remuneration & Nomination Committee. All fees will be subject to periodic review. Pursuant to the remuneration policy for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board, the remuneration of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors consists of the following elements: (i) fixed fee and committee fee; (ii) a market supplement and (iii) travel fee. There are no amounts reserved or accrued by Just Eat Takeaway.com to provide pension, benefit, retirement or similar benefits for current Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors.
Fixed Fee and Committee Fee
The fixed fee for the Chair of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board has been set at €95,000, for the Vice-chair of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board at €70,000 and for each other Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Director at €60,000. The committee fee for the Chair of a committee has been set at €15,000 and for other committee members at €7,500.
Market Supplement
In order to take into account fee level differences between the UK and the Netherlands, to accommodate onboarding from legacy Just Eat and legacy Takeaway.com within the Company and to reflect the additional complexity and time spent as a result of the context of being a Dutch incorporated company with a two tier board structure, listed in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, a market supplement for the Chair of the Supervisory Board has been set at €25,000, for the vice-Chair of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board at €20,000 and for other Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors at €15,000.
Travel Fee
Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board members living outside of the Netherlands also receive a travel fee to compensate for the additional time commitment due to travelling (when meetings are held outside their country of residence). The travel fee has been set at €2,000 for continental travel (per meeting) and at €4,000 for intercontinental travel (per meeting).
In addition, actual incurred costs are reimbursed. The remuneration for Supervisory Directors is not dependent on the results of Just Eat Takeaway.com. Just Eat Takeaway.com did not provide any loans, advances, guarantees, shares or options to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors.
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Total Remuneration 2020
The total remuneration actually due to the individual Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors, as well as the individual Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors for the fiscal year 2020, is set out below, compared to 2019. With regard to each Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Director the table provides for the different components of their remuneration, taking into account the increase of the fixed remuneration of the individual Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors upon adoption of the revised remuneration policy in fiscal year 2019 and a new remuneration policy as of 1 January 2020. For the Supervisory Directors the table takes the introduction of a remuneration policy for the Supervisory Board, effective as of 15 May 2020 into account. The remuneration of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and Just Takeaway.com Supervisory Board are recognized in the consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive loss during the year.
 
 
Fixed remuneration
Variable remuneration
Extra-
ordinary
items
Pensions
allowance
Total
remun-
eration
Proportion of
fixed and
variable
remuneration
Name of Director, position
Reporting
period
Base
fee
Fees
Benefits
One-year
variable
Multi-year
variable
J. Groen – CEO
2020
475
31
478
​310
50
1,344
41% / 59%
2019
448
31
191
50
720
74% / 26%
B. Wissink – CFO
2020
450
22
454
​278
50
1,254
42% / 58%
2019
414
24
176
50
664
73% / 27%
J. Gerbig – COO
2020
450
1
454
​265
50
1,220
41% / 59%
2019
404
172
46
622
72% / 28%
A. Nühn – Chairman of Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board
2020
99
16
115
100% / 0%
2019
65
65
100% / 0%
C. Vigreux – Vice-Chairman of Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board
2020
75
5
80
100% / 0%
2019
50
50
100% / 0%
R. Teerlink – Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board member
2020
66
9
75
100% / 0%
2019
50
50
100% / 0%
G. Burr – Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board member
2020
54
14
68
100% / 0%
2019
J. Palaniappan – Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board member
2020
53
53
100% / 0%
2019
J. Reck – Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board Member
2020
7
7
100% / 0%
2019
38
38
100% / 0%
In fiscal year 2020, €3.8 million was charged to Just Eat Takeaway.com for remuneration of current members of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board, including pension charges and long term incentive costs.
No loans, advances or guarantees were granted to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors in fiscal year 2020.
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General Overview of STI
The remuneration of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors consists of a variable remuneration in the form of STI, which will be delivered partly in cash and partly as a deferred award of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares if the STI outcome achieved is above 75% (at target) of the base salary. The STI outcome for the full financial year 2020 is above target.
Target
Relative
Weight
Number of new consumers to exceed 18.6 million
25%
Number of active consumers to exceed 54.8 million
25%
Number of new orders per consumer to exceed 9.0 million
25%
Certain personal / non-financial measures related to integration of Just Eat and Takeaway.com
25%
Based on the STI outcome for 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board - following the recommendation of the Remuneration & Nomination Committee - has resolved that a cash amount will be awarded with a value of 75% of the applicable base fee to each Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Director. In addition, it was resolved that a deferred award of a number of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares with a value of €338,000 for J. Groen and €320,000 for B. Wissink and J. Gerbig, respectively, will be made. The exact number of the deferred awards will be determined based on the five-day average closing price after the AGM 2021, and with the period of deferral being three years with one-third of the deferred amounts vesting and being capable of release at each anniversary of the making of the deferred award. The vested awards will be subject to a further two-year holding period. As per the grant of the deferred awards, no further performance conditions nor future service conditions will apply.
General Overview of LTIPs
The remuneration of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors consists of a variable remuneration in form of LTIP, which includes the annual grant of conditional performance options. The table below contains information on the number of conditional share options granted to each Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Director under the LTIP 2018-2020, LTIP 2019-2021 and LTIP 2020-2023. In addition, the table provides further information about the applicable performance conditions per LTIP.
The conditional performance options granted as of 31 December 2016 vested on 31 December 2019. As of 20 April 2021, 4,697 vested options under the plan have been exercised.
 
The main conditions of share option plans
Information regarding the reported fiscal year
 
 
Opening
Balance
During the period
Closing Balance
Name of Director, position
Specifications
of LTIP
Performance
Period
Award
date
Vesting
date
End of
holding
period
Exercise
period
Strike
price of
the share
(in €)
Share
options
awarded
at the
beginning
of the
year
Share
options
awarded
Market
Value of
share
options
awarded
(in €)
Share
options
vested
Market
value of
share
options
vested
(in €)
Share
options
subject
to a
perfor-
mance
condition
Share
options
awarded
and
unvested
Share
options
subject
to a
holding
period
J. Groen – CEO
2018-2020
2018-2020
31-12-2017
31-12-2020
n.a.
1-1-2021 to
31-12-2027
49.06
12,340
12,340
1,139,969
n.a.
2019-2021
2019-2021
31-12-2018
31-12-2021
n.a.
1-1-2022 to
31-12-2028
54.62
11,655
11,655
11,655
n.a.
2020-2023
2020-2022
21-5-2020
21-5-2023
21-5-2025
22-5-2023 to
22-5-2033
0.00
4,917
472,819
4,917
4,917
B. Wissink – CFO
2018-2020
2018-2020
31-12-2017
31-12-2020
n.a.
1-1-2021 to
31-12-2027
49.06
10,798
10,798
997,519
n.a.
2019-2021
2019-2021
31-12-2018
31-12-2021
n.a.
1-1-2022 to
31-12-2028
54.62
10,198
10,198
10,198
n.a.
2020-2023
2020-2022
21-5-2020
21-5-2023
21-5-2025
22-5-2023 to
22-5-2033
0.00
4,658
447,913
4,658
4,658
J. Gerbig – COO
2018-2020
2018-2020
31-12-2017
31-12-2020
n.a.
1-1-2021 to
31-12-2027
49.06
10,027
10,027
926,294
n.a.
2019-2021
2019-2021
31-12-2018
31-12-2021
n.a.
1-1-2022 to
31-12-2028
54.62
9,470
9,470
9,470
n.a.
2020-2023
2020-2022
21-5-2020
21-5-2023
21-5-2025
22-5-2023 to
22-5-2033
0.00
4,658
447,913
4,658
4,658
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LTIP 2018-2020
The conditional performance options granted as of 31 December 2017 and vested on 31 December 2020 are referred to as the LTIP 2018-2020.
The targets set by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board in respect of the LTIP 2018-2020 were determined based on full-year order and revenue growth. The targets used for the vesting of the options granted under the LTIP 2018-2020 and their relative weight were as follows:
Targets
Relative
weight
Order growth to exceed 25% per annum in the medium-term
20%
> 30% CAGR over 2015 Actual-2018 Estimate
20%
Revenue growth to continue to exceed Order growth after 2017
20%
Positive adjusted EBITDA margin for both Germany and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group within 2 to 3 years after the IPO(1)
20%
The adjusted EBITDA for the Netherlands to continue to increase after 2016(2)
20%
(1)
The positive adjusted EBITDA margin for both Germany and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group in this context means monthly positive adjusted EBITDA margins (whether or not the full year adjusted EBITDA margins are positive).
(2)
Following the higher than expected growth of Scoober, also in the Netherlands, Just Eat Takeaway.com amended the medium-term objective for the Netherlands from “adjusted EBITDA margin for the Netherlands to continue to increase” to “adjusted EBITDA for the Netherlands to continue to increase.”
Application of the LTIP 2018-2020 as of 31 December 2017 resulted in the granting to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors of a total of 33,165 conditional performance options upon the adoption of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s annual accounts 2017. The exercise price of the conditional performance options, once vested, is €49.06 (the average closing price of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares on Euronext Amsterdam on the last five trading days of 2017).
The number of conditional performance options granted to each Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Director for the fiscal year 2017 are as follows:
 
Maximum grant (in euro)
Maximum
number of
options
Jitse Groen – CEO
75% * € 400,000 = € 300,000
12,340
Brent Wissink – CFO
75% * € 350,000 = € 262,500
10,798
Jörg Gerbig – COO
75% * € 325,000 = € 243,750
10,027
These conditional performance options vested at 100% on 31 December 2020 based on the continued employment and the achievement of the targets set by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board. As of 20 April 2021, no vested options under the LTIP 2018-2020 had been exercised.
LTIP 2019-2021
The conditional performance options granted as of 31 December 2018 and expected to vest on 31 December 2021 are referred to as the LTIP 2019-2021.
The targets set by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board are determined based on full-year Order and revenue growth. The conditional performance options will vest if the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s business develops in accordance with and in the direction of the medium-term targets as communicated to the stock market.
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The targets to be used for the vesting of the conditional performance options to be granted under the LTIP 2019-2021 and their relative weight are as follows:
Targets
Relative
weight
Order growth to exceed 25% per annum in the medium-term
20%
> 30% CAGR over 2015 Actual-2018 Estimate
20%
Revenue growth to continue to exceed Order growth after 2016
20%
Positive adjusted EBITDA margin for both Germany and Just Eat Takeaway.com within 2 to 3 years after the IPO(1)
20%
The adjusted EBITDA for the Netherlands to continue to increase after 2016(2)
20%
(1)
The positive adjusted EBITDA margin for both Germany and Just Eat Takeaway.com in this context means monthly positive adjusted EBITDA margins (whether or not the full year adjusted EBITDA margins are positive).
(2)
Following the higher than expected growth of Scoober, also in the Netherlands, Just Eat Takeaway.com amended the medium-term objective for the Netherlands from “adjusted EBITDA margin for the Netherlands to continue to increase” to “adjusted EBITDA for the Netherlands to continue to increase.”
Application of the LTIP 2019-2021 as of 31 December 2018 resulted in the granting to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors of a total of 31,323 conditional performance options. These options were granted upon the adoption of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s annual accounts 2018. The methodology for calculating the number of options granted is set forth in Note 6 to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-21 of this proxy statement/prospectus. The exercise price of the conditional performance options, once vested, is €54.62 (the average closing price of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares on Euronext Amsterdam on the last five trading days before 31 December 2018).
The maximum number of conditional performance options granted to each Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Director for the fiscal year 2018 are as follows:
 
Maximum grant (in euro)
Maximum
number of
options
Jitse Groen – CEO
75% * € 400,000 = € 300,000
11,655
Brent Wissink – CFO
75% * € 350,000 = € 262,500
10,198
Jörg Gerbig – COO
75% * € 325,000 = € 243,750
9,470
These conditional performance options will vest three years after the grant date depending on the continued employment and the achievement of the targets set by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board.
LTIP 2020-2022
The grant of conditional performance options referred to as LTIP 2020-2022 in the Annual Report 2019 has not been made due to the adoption of the revised remuneration policy for the Management Board as per the AGM 2020.
LTIP 2020-2023
Conditional performance options granted as of 21 May 2020 and expected to vest on 21 May 2023 are referred to as the LTIP 2020-2023.
The targets set by the Supervisory Board are determined based on full-year revenue growth, relative TSR and a strategic target. The awards have been granted in the form of nil-cost conditional performance options, which will vest if Just Eat Takeaway.com’s business develops in accordance with and in the direction of the medium-term targets as determined by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board.
The targets to be used for the vesting of the options granted under the LTIP 2020-2023 as well as the achieved performance respectively are considered competitively sensitive and will therefore be published in the annual report after the relevant performance period.
Application of the LTIP 2020-2023 as of 21 May 2020 resulted in the granting to the Managing Directors of a total of 14,233 awards. The number of awards is 100% of base fee divided by the share price average of the five-day period after the annual General Meeting.
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Minimum vesting is 0% of the target award level and the formal limit under the LTIP 2020-2023 allows vesting of 200% of the target award level, excluding any dividend equivalent accruals.
Clawback
In line with Dutch law and the DCGC, the variable remuneration of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Director may be reduced or (partly) recovered if certain circumstances apply.
In fiscal year 2020, no variable remuneration was reclaimed from any Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Director.
Compensation Package’s Compliance with Remuneration Policy
The remuneration granted to the individual Managing Directors in 2020 is compliant with the remuneration policy.
In 2020, no deviations from the procedure for the implementation of the remuneration policy for any Managing Director were made and no derogations itself have been applied.
The remuneration granted to the individual Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors in 2020 is compliant with the remuneration policy, with the temporary deviation applied to Ms. Burr and Mr. Palaniappan.
Pay Ratios within the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and Annual Change
The pay ratio from Just Eat Takeaway.com’s CEO relative to the average pay of all employees employed by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group was sixteen to one in 2020 (2019: sixteen to one). This ratio is based upon total staff cost per average FTE in the year. This calculation includes the full total compensation and benefits, such as pension schemes, and share-based payments, payable to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s CEO and employees.
The pay ratio was calculated in due observance of the recommendation of the monitoring committee corporate governance.
Although the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group expects this ratio to increase over time, driven by the growth of the number of couriers employed, it is considered important for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group to continuously monitor the ratio between the highest and the average paid persons within Just Eat Takeaway.com.
 
 
Annual change
2020 vs
2019
Managing Director’s remuneration
2017 vs
2016
2018 vs
2017
2019 vs
2018
J. Groen − CEO
10%
17%
23%
87%
B. Wissink − CFO
 4%
17%
28%
89%
J. Gerbig − COO
 3%
18%
35%
96%
Just Eat Takeaway.com performance
 
 
 
 
Revenue
50%
42%
79%
391%
Adjusted EBITDA
(51)%
59%
216%
1454%
Orders
38%
38%
70%
228%
 
 
 
 
 
Average remuneration on a full-time equivalent basis of employees
 
 
 
 
Employees of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group
3%
(19)%
23%
41%
The table above contains an overview over the past four years only as Just Eat Takeaway.com was not listed prior to October 2016.
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Share Ownership
Share Ownership of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board
The number of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares held by Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors as of 20 April 2021 is set forth in the tables below.
Name
Total Just Eat Takeaway.com
Shares
Percentage of
Just Eat Takeaway.com
Shares
Jitse Groen(1)
15,318,766
10.29%
Brent Wissink
115,581
0.08%
Jörg Gerbig(1)
310,000
0.21%
(1)
Shares are held indirectly through personal holding companies.
Name
Award
Date
Number of Just Eat
Takeaway.com Options
(at maximum)
Exercise Price
(in €)
Expiration
Date
Jitse Groen
31-12-2017
12,340
49.06
31-12-2027
31-12-2018
11,655
54.62
31-12-2028
21-05-2020
4,917
0.00
22-05-2033
Brent Wissink
31-12-2017
10,798
49.06
31-12-2027
31-12-2018
10,198
54.62
31-12-2028
21-05-2020
4,658
0.00
22-05-2033
Jörg Gerbig
31-12-2017
10,027
49.06
31-12-2027
31-12-2018
9,470
54.62
31-12-2028
21-05-2020
4,658
0.00
22-05-2033
Share Ownership of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board
As of 20 April 2021, none of the current Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board members held Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares.
Severance Arrangements
Contractual severance arrangements of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors provide for compensation for the loss of income resulting from a non-voluntary termination of employment. In that situation, the severance package is equal to the sum of the six-month gross fixed base fee of the respective Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Director. The contractual severance arrangements are compliant with the DCGC.
During fiscal year 2020, no severance payments were granted to the members of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board.
Payments by Participating Interests
During fiscal year 2020, no remuneration for members of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board was made at the account of any participating interest of Just Eat Takeaway.com.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board
Pursuant to the Articles, Just Eat Takeaway.com has a two-tier governance system consisting of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board is responsible for supervising the conduct of and providing advice to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and for supervising the general affairs of the business and the general affairs of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, including the relations with Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board is collectively responsible for the management and the strategy, policy and operations of Just Eat Takeaway.com and, therefore, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board manages the day-to-day business and operations and implements the strategy of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group. Resolutions of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board regarding a significant change in the identity or nature of Just Eat Takeaway.com
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or its business enterprise must be adopted by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and require the approval of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board and the General Meeting. A significant change in the identity or nature of Just Eat Takeaway.com or its business enterprise includes: (i) a transfer of the business enterprise or practically the entire business enterprise to a third party; (ii) the conclusion or cancellation of any long-lasting cooperation by Just Eat Takeaway.com or a Just Eat Takeaway.com subsidiary with any other legal person or company or as a fully liable general partner of a limited partnership or a general partnership, provided that the cooperation or the cancellation of that cooperation is of essential importance to Just Eat Takeaway.com; and (iii) the acquisition or disposal of a participating interest in the capital of a company with a value of at least one-third of the sum of the assets according to the consolidated balance sheet with explanatory notes to that balance sheet according to the last adopted annual accounts, by Just Eat Takeaway.com or a Just Eat Takeaway.com subsidiary. Pursuant to the Articles and/or the charter of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board shall furthermore obtain the approval of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board for a number of resolutions which include, among others, (i) the operational and financial objectives of Just Eat Takeaway.com; (ii) the strategy designed to achieve those objectives; and (iii) the parameters to be applied in relation to the strategy, for example in respect of the financial ratios.
Composition of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board
Just Eat Takeaway.com’s strong track record has been achieved through its highly dedicated, founder-led Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board with substantial experience and complementary skillsets. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board has a combined experience of over 35 years in the online food delivery industry and consists of the following individuals:
Jitse Groen
Dutch national, 1978, Founder, CEO and Chairman of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board since 2011
Mr. Groen studied Business & IT at the University of Twente. He started his career during his studies when he launched a business in web development. In 2000, Mr. Groen founded and launched Just Eat Takeaway.com (at that time named Thuisbezorgd.nl). Mr. Groen is also a member of the advisory board of Suitsupply B.V.
As CEO and Chair of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board, Mr. Groen has responsibility for Corporate Strategy, Business Development, Marketing, Product and Technology. Mr. Groen is the holder of all shares in Gribhold B.V. For a summary of certain director nomination rights held by Gribhold B.V., see “Comparison of Shareholder Rights” beginning on page 289 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Brent Wissink
Dutch national, 1967, CFO and Member of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board since 2016
Mr. Wissink joined Just Eat Takeaway.com as COO in 2011. He led the acquisition of Lieferando.de and Pyszne.pl before becoming CFO of Just Eat Takeaway.com in 2014. Prior to this, he was CFO of a fast-growing technology business (NedStat) and worked in venture capital (ABN AMRO, Mees Pierson). Mr. Wissink graduated in 1992 from the Erasmus University of Rotterdam in Econometrics. Mr. Wissink is also a member of the supervisory board of BloomOn International B.V.
As CFO and member of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board, Mr. Wissink has responsibility for Finance, Business Intelligence, Investor Relations, Mergers & Acquisitions, Risk Management and Control, Human Resources, and Legal Affairs.
Jörg Gerbig
German national, 1981, COO and Member of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board since 2016
Mr. Gerbig founded Lieferando.de in 2009 and has driven its rapid growth since then. He joined Just Eat Takeaway.com following the acquisition of Lieferando.de in 2014, when he became COO of Just Eat Takeaway.com. He has been instrumental in integrating Just Eat Takeaway.com and Lieferando.de and in introducing the “One Company, One Brand and One IT Platform” approach across all operations. Mr. Gerbig graduated in 2005 from the European Business School Oestrich-Winkel and has experience in M&A and equity capital markets at UBS Investment Bank in London and New York.
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As COO and member of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board, Mr. Gerbig has responsibility for Delivery, Sales and Customer Services.
Matthew Maloney
American national, 1975, CEO of Grubhub and Incoming Member of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board
Matthew Maloney, 45, has served as Grubhub’s Chief Executive Officer and a member of the Grubhub Board since 8 August 2013, the date of the business combination (the “Seamless Merger”) of Grubhub Holdings Inc. (“Grubhub Holdings”), Seamless Holdings Corporation (“Seamless Holdings”) and Seamless North America, LLC (together with Seamless Holdings, “Seamless”), and as Grubhub’s President from August 2015 to January 2018. Prior to the Seamless Merger, Mr. Maloney served as Chief Executive Officer and a member of the board of directors of Grubhub Holdings, a company he co-founded in 2004. Mr. Maloney led Grubhub Holdings through five rounds of investment funding, the acquisition of DotMenu, the Seamless Merger and Grubhub’s initial public offering in April 2014. Mr. Maloney currently serves as an advisory board member for The University of Chicago Booth School of Business Polsky Center for Entrepreneurship. He is a member of ChicagoNEXT, an organization dedicated to driving growth and opportunity in the Chicago business community. He also serves on the Board of Trustees of the Museum of Science and Industry in Chicago as well as on the board of 1871, a non-profit digital startup incubator. He served on the board of directors of Merge Healthcare Incorporated, a provider of enterprise imaging software solutions, from August 2012 until Merge Healthcare was acquired by IBM in October 2015. Mr. Maloney holds a B.A. from Michigan State University and an M.B.A. and MSCS from the University of Chicago.
Composition of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board consists of the following Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors:
Adriaan Nühn
Dutch national, 1953, Chairman of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board since 2016 and member of the Audit Committee and Remuneration & Nomination Committee
Until 2008, Mr. Nühn acted as Chief Executive Officer of Sara Lee International and Chairman of the executive board of Sara Lee/Douwe Egberts. Prior to that, he was President of Sara Lee’s Coffee and Tea Division and Household and Body Division. He held various positions within Sara Lee/Douwe Egberts and, prior to that, within Proctor & Gamble/Richardson Vicks in Austria, Sweden, South Africa and Belgium. Mr. Nühn holds an MBA from the University of Puget Sound in Washington, United States. Mr. Nühn is currently Chairman of the supervisory board of Wereldhave N.V. (the Netherlands), chairman of the supervisory board of Hunter Douglas N.V. (Curacao) and a member of the supervisory board of Algrano A.G. (Switzerland). He was a member of the non-executive board of Sligro Food Group until April 2017, Kuoni Reisen Holding AG Switzerland until April 2016, Cloetta AB Sweden until April 2018, the World Wildlife Fund until December 2018, Stichting Administratiekantoor Unilever (the Netherlands) until January 2020 and Anglovaal Industries Ltd. (South Africa) until March 2020. Mr. Nühn is also a member of the management board of the Stichting Walk You Talk Foundation (the Netherlands).
Corinne Vigreux
French national, 1964, Vice-Chairman of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board since 2016 and member of the Audit Committee and Remuneration & Nomination Committee
Ms. Vigreux is a co-founder of TomTom N.V. (holding various board positions within the TomTom Group), the navigation technologies company that continues to create cutting edge technologies that solve mobility problems and address the challenges of autonomous driving and smart cities.
She holds a BBA from the ESSEC Business School in Paris. As one of the top-50 most inspirational women in European tech, Ms. Vigreux champions women in the workforce and passionately advocates for improved social mobility through education. She is a member of the supervisory board of the Dutch National Opera & Ballet and member of the International Advisory Board of the Amsterdam Economic Board.
Ms. Vigreux was made Chevalier de la Legion d’Honneur in 2012 and knighted in the Royal Order of Orange-Nassau in 2016. Ms. Vigreux also currently holds the following positions: board member of Stichting
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CCI Pays-Bas, chair of the supervisory board of Techleap.nl, board member of Stichting Cooks 25, board member of Stichting Codam and board member of the Stichting Nationale Opera & Ballet Fonds.
Ron Teerlink
Dutch national, 1961, Member of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board since 2016 and Chair of the Audit Committee
Until 2013, Mr. Teerlink acted as Chief Administrative Officer and member of the Executive Committee of the RBS Group. Before this, he was a member of the management board of ABN AMRO, and was Chief Operational Officer from 2006 until 2010. Between 1990 and 2006, Mr. Teerlink held various positions within ABN AMRO and its subsidiaries. Mr. Teerlink was a member of the supervisory board of Equens SE from 2015 until 2016. Mr. Teerlink holds an MSc in economics from the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and a banking diploma from NIBE. Mr. Teerlink is currently chairman of the supervisory board of Coöperatieve Rabobank U.A. Mr. Teerlink is chair of the supervisory board (raad van toezicht) of Stichting Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam.
Gwyn Burr
British national, 1963, Member of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board since 2020, Chair of the Remuneration & Nomination Committee and member of the Audit Committee
Ms. Burr was a non-executive director of Just Eat Takeaway.com since March 2014 and a Senior Independent Director since July 2019 until April 2020. She has also been a non-executive director of Hammerson plc since May 2012, and a senior independent director of Hammerson plc since January 2019. Between December 2014 and May 2018, Ms. Burr was a non-executive director of DFS limited and of Sainsbury’s Bank plc between September 2006 and January 2020. She is a non-executive director of Taylor Wimpey plc, appointed in February 2018.
Ms. Burr has been a member of the Metro A.G. supervisory board and nomination committee since December 2014 and she is also a member of the board of Ingleby Farms and Forests ApS. Ms. Burr holds a BSc (Hons) in Economics and History from the University of Bradford and has completed business programs at both Stanford and Harvard Business School.
Jambu Palaniappan
American national, 1987, Member of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board since 2020
Mr. Palaniappan was a non-executive director of Just Eat Takeaway.com between 24 June 2019 and April 2020. He is also a director of Palaniappan Consulting Limited, appointed in January 2019, and Alltaster Limited, appointed in April 2019. He furthermore is a director of Deliverect N.V., a director of Culinar Oy and managing partner at OMERS Ventures. Mr. Palaniappan holds a BA in Public Policy and Economics from Vanderbilt University.
Lloyd Frink
American national, 1965, Incoming Member of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board
Lloyd Frink, 56, is co-founder of Zillow, Inc., an online real estate marketplace, which, upon Zillow’s merger with Trulia, Inc. in February 2015, became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Zillow Group, Inc. Mr. Frink has served as President and a member of the board of directors of Zillow Group, Inc. (and, prior to the merger, Zillow, Inc.) since February 2005. In addition, he has served as Executive Chairman of the board of directors since February 2019, and before that, he served as Vice Chairman from March 2011 to February 2019. Mr. Frink previously served as Zillow, Inc.’s Vice President from December 2004 to February 2005, as its Treasurer from December 2009 to March 2011, and as its Chief Strategy Officer from September 2010 to March 2011. From 1999 to 2004, Mr. Frink was at Expedia, Inc., where he held many leadership positions, including Senior Vice President, Supplier Relations, in which position he managed the air, hotel, car, destination services, content, merchandising and partner marketing groups from 2003 to 2004. Mr. Frink has served on the Grubhub Board since December 2013. Mr. Frink holds an A.B. in Economics from Stanford University.
David Fisher
American national, 1969, Incoming Member of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board
David Fisher, 52, has served on the Grubhub Board since 8 August 2013 (the “Seamless Merger Date”), the date of the business combination of Grubhub Holdings Inc., Seamless Holdings Corporation and Seamless North America, LLC. From June 2012 until the Seamless Merger Date, Mr. Fisher served on the board of directors of
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Grubhub Holdings. Mr. Fisher has served as Chief Executive Officer and President of Enova International, Inc. (“Enova”), a provider of online financial services, since January 2013, and as Chairman of Enova since November 2014. From September 2011 to March 2012, Mr. Fisher served as Chief Executive Officer of optionsXpress Holdings, Inc. (“optionsXpress”), a retail online brokerage firm, and as Senior Vice President of Charles Schwab Corporation following its acquisition of optionsXpress. From October 2007 to September 2011, Mr. Fisher served as Chief Executive Officer of optionsXpress, from March 2007 to October 2007, as its President, and, from August 2004 to March 2007, as its Chief Financial Officer. Prior to joining optionsXpress, Mr. Fisher served as the Chief Financial Officer of Potbelly Sandwich Works from 2001 through 2004, of RBC Mortgage from 2000 through 2001 and of Prism Financial from December 1998 through January 2001. Mr. Fisher currently serves on the board of directors of FRISS, a provider of software solutions to insurance companies. Mr. Fisher previously served on the board of directors of Innerworkings, Inc., a global print management provider, through its sale in October 2020. Mr. Fisher also serves on the Board of Trustees of the Museum of Science and Industry in Chicago. Mr. Fisher holds a B.S. in Finance from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and a J.D. from Northwestern University School of Law.
Share Option and Share Plans
Just Eat Takeaway.com maintains seven share and options plans for employees:
the Takeaway.com Employee Share Option Plan;
the “rolled over” Just Eat Deferred Share Bonus Plan 2018, Just Eat Sharesave Scheme, Just Eat Ireland Sharesave Scheme and Just Eat International Sharesave Scheme; and
the newly adopted Just Eat Takeaway.com Performance Share Plan and Just Eat Takeaway.com Restricted Share Plan (collectively, the “Employee Share Plans”).
Pursuant to the Employee Share Plans and subject to their respective terms and conditions, certain employees of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group are entitled to receive a number of STAK depositary receipts and/or a number of rights to subscribe for STAK depositary receipts. Generally, upon vesting of a grant and, where relevant, exercise of options under any of the Employee Share Plans, Just Eat Takeaway.com issues or transfers the relevant number of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or Just Eat Takeaway.com CDIs to STAK for the benefit of the relevant participants and STAK, in due observance of its articles of association and in accordance with its terms and conditions of administration, issues one STAK depositary receipt to the relevant eligible participant for each Just Eat Takeaway.com Share issued or Just Eat Takeaway.com CDI transferred to it for the benefit of such eligible participant. Based on STAK’s terms and conditions, STAK exercises the voting rights attributable to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and Just Eat Takeaway.com Share CDIs it holds and administers at its own discretion.
For additional information on the Employee Share Plans, see Note 6 to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements and Note 6 to the historical Just Eat Group’s consolidated financial statements beginning on pages F-21 and F-90, respectively, of this proxy statement/prospectus.
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GRUBHUB PROPOSAL II: NON-BINDING, ADVISORY VOTE ON TRANSACTION-RELATED NAMED EXECUTIVE OFFICER COMPENSATION
Under Section 14A of the Exchange Act and the applicable SEC rules issued thereunder, Grubhub is required to submit a proposal to the Grubhub Stockholders for a non-binding, advisory vote to approve certain compensation that may be paid or become payable to Grubhub’s named executive officers in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, as discussed in the section entitled “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Treatment of Grubhub Equity Awards—Interests of Grubhub’s Directors and Executive Officers in the Transaction,” including the footnotes to the table and the associated narrative discussion. The Grubhub Board recommends that Grubhub Stockholders approve the following resolution:
“RESOLVED, that the compensation that may be paid or become payable to the named executive officers of Grubhub in connection with the Transaction, as disclosed pursuant to Item 402(t) of Regulation S-K in the table in the section of the proxy statement/prospectus entitled “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Treatment of Grubhub Equity Awards—Interests of Grubhub’s Directors and Executive Officers in the Transaction” including the footnotes to the table and the associated narrative discussion, and the agreements and plans pursuant to which such compensation may be paid or become payable, is hereby APPROVED.”
Required Vote
The vote on the non-binding compensation proposal is a vote separate and apart from the vote on the Merger Agreement proposal. Accordingly, a Grubhub Stockholder may vote to approve one proposal and not the other. Approval of the non-binding compensation proposal is not a condition to Completion. Because the vote on the non-binding compensation proposal is advisory only, it will not be binding on Grubhub or Just Eat Takeaway.com. Further, the underlying plans and arrangements are contractual in nature and not, by their terms, subject to stockholder approval. Accordingly, if the Merger Agreement proposal is approved and the Transaction is completed, the Transaction-related compensation will be payable, subject only to the conditions applicable thereto, regardless of the outcome of the vote on the non-binding compensation proposal.
The approval of the non-binding compensation proposal requires the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the votes properly cast at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting by Grubhub Stockholders present via the Grubhub meeting website or by proxy and entitled to vote thereon as of the Grubhub record date, assuming a quorum is present; however, such vote is non-binding and advisory only.
The Grubhub Board recommends that Grubhub Stockholders vote “FOR”
the non-binding compensation proposal.
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GRUBHUB PROPOSAL III: ADJOURNMENT OF THE SPECIAL MEETING
Grubhub Stockholders are being asked to consider and vote on the adjournment proposal, a proposal that will give the Grubhub Board authority to adjourn the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting from time to time, if necessary or appropriate, to solicit additional proxies in the event there are not sufficient votes to approve the Merger Agreement proposal at the time of the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof.
If the adjournment proposal is approved, the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting could be adjourned to any date. Grubhub could adjourn the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting and any adjourned session of the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting and use the additional time to solicit additional proxies, including the solicitation of proxies from Grubhub Stockholders who have previously voted.
If the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting is adjourned, Grubhub Stockholders who have already submitted their proxies will be able to revoke them at any time prior to their use. If you sign and return a proxy and do not indicate how you wish to vote on any proposal, or if you indicate that you wish to vote in favor of the approval of the Merger Agreement proposal but do not indicate a choice on the adjournment proposal, your shares will be voted in favor of the adjournment proposal. If you indicate, however, that you wish to vote against the Merger Agreement proposal, your Grubhub Shares will only be voted in favor of the adjournment proposal if you indicate that you wish to vote in favor of the adjournment proposal.
The approval of the adjournment proposal requires the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the votes properly cast at the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting by Grubhub Stockholders present via the Grubhub meeting website or by proxy entitled to vote thereon as of the Grubhub record date, assuming a quorum is present.
The Grubhub Board recommends that Grubhub Stockholders vote “FOR” the adjournment proposal.
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JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM GROUP UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The following unaudited pro forma combined financial information (the “Pro Forma Financial Information”), which includes the unaudited pro forma combined statement of profit or loss for the year ended 31 December 2020 (the “pro forma statement of profit or loss”) and the unaudited pro forma combined balance sheet as of 31 December 2020 (the “pro forma balance sheet”), has been prepared on the basis set out in the notes below to illustrate the effect of both the Just Eat Acquisition and the Transaction. Completion is subject to certain conditions including, but not limited to, the Grubhub Stockholder Approval and other customary conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement. See “The Merger Agreement—Conditions to the Mergers” beginning on page 166 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
The Pro Forma Financial Information gives effect to the Just Eat Acquisition and the Transaction (together, the “Pro Forma Transactions”) as if the Transaction had taken place on 31 December 2020 for purposes of the pro forma balance sheet and as if the Pro Forma Transactions had taken place on 1 January 2020 for purposes of the pro forma statement of profit or loss. There is no adjustment to the pro forma balance sheet related to the Just Eat Acquisition as Just Eat Limited and its subsidiaries (the “Just Eat Group”) have been consolidated by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group as of 15 April 2020 and therefore are already reflected in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2020. All pro forma adjustments and their underlying assumptions are described in the notes to the Pro Forma Financial Information. The Pro Forma Financial Information also does not include pro forma adjustments for any other acquisitions completed by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group or the Grubhub Group during the period presented.
The Pro Forma Financial Information has been prepared for illustrative and informational purposes only in accordance with Regulation S-X Article 11, Pro Forma Financial Information, as amended by the final rule, Amendments to Financial Disclosures About Acquired and Disposed Businesses, as adopted by the SEC on 21 May 2020 (“Article 11”). The Pro Forma Financial Information is not necessarily indicative of what the Enlarged Group’s financial position or results of operations actually would have been had the Pro Forma Transactions been completed as of the dates indicated. In addition, the Pro Forma Financial Information does not purport to project the future financial position or operating results of the Enlarged Group. The pro forma adjustments are based on the information available at the time of the preparation of this proxy statement/prospectus. The Pro Forma Financial Information should be read in conjunction with:
the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements and the section entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group” beginning on pages F-5 and 201, respectively, of this proxy statement/prospectus;
the Grubhub Group’s consolidated financial statements, incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus, as well as the section entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” contained in Grubhub’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended 31 December 2020, that Grubhub previously filed with the SEC and that are incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus;
the historical Just Eat Group’s consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-72 of this proxy statement/prospectus; and
the other information contained in or incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus.
The Grubhub Group’s consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with GAAP, which differ in certain respects from IFRS as utilized by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group. Adjustments were made to the Grubhub Group’s financial data appearing in the Pro Forma Financial Information to convert them from GAAP to IFRS and to conform the Grubhub Group’s historical accounting presentation to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s accounting presentation. Adjustments were also made to the Just Eat Group’s financial data appearing in the Pro Forma Financial Information to align with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s financial statement presentation. Accounting policy and presentation adjustments for the Grubhub Group reflect the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s best estimates based upon the information available to date and are preliminary and subject to change once more detailed information is obtained in the future.
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Further adjustments were made to translate the Grubhub Group’s consolidated financial statements from U.S. dollars to euro, and to translate the Just Eat Group’s financial statements from pounds sterling to euro, based on applicable historical exchange rates. The historical exchange rates used may differ from future exchange rates.
The Just Eat Acquisition has been accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with IFRS 3, Business Combinations (“IFRS 3”) with Just Eat Takeaway.com treated as the accounting acquirer for the Just Eat Acquisition. The IFRS 3 acquisition method of accounting applies the fair value concepts defined in IFRS 13, Fair Value Measurement (“IFRS 13”) and requires, among other things, that the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination are recognized at their fair values as of the acquisition date, with limited exceptions to this recognition and measurement principle. Any excess of the purchase consideration over the fair value of identifiable net assets acquired is recognized as goodwill. The purchase price calculation and purchase price allocation presented for the Just Eat Acquisition is based on the purchase price allocation determined in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2020. The measurement period ended on 14 April 2021 and therefore the assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and goodwill recognized were adjusted to reflect new information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date, and, if known, would have affected the measurement of the amounts recognized as of that date.
In addition, Just Eat Takeaway.com will also be treated as the accounting acquirer in the Transaction, and accordingly, the Grubhub Group assets acquired and liabilities assumed are adjusted based on the provisional purchase price allocation made solely for the purpose of preparing the unaudited pro forma combined financial information that Just Eat Takeaway.com believes are reasonable. As of the date of this proxy statement/prospectus, Just Eat Takeaway.com has prepared preliminary estimates of fair value for all of the Grubhub Group’s assets to be acquired and liabilities to be assumed. Upon Completion, Just Eat Takeaway.com will conduct a detailed valuation of all assets and liabilities of the Grubhub Group as of the date of Completion, at which point the actual fair values will be determined and may vary materially from these provisional estimates. In identifying Just Eat Takeaway.com as the accounting acquirer, Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub took into account (i) the background of the Transaction, (ii) the Merger Agreement, (iii) the anticipated share ownership and voting rights of the Enlarged Group, (iv) the intended corporate governance structure of the Enlarged Group, (v) the designation of certain senior management positions, and (vi) the relative market values, size, and profitability of the combining companies.
The pro forma balance sheet reflects the transaction accounting adjustments attributable to the Transaction, which depict the accounting adjustments required by IFRS. The pro forma statement of profit or loss reflects the transaction accounting adjustments attributable to the Pro Forma Transactions, which depict the accounting adjustments required by IFRS. The pro forma adjustments are based upon the best information available to Just Eat Takeaway.com and certain assumptions that Just Eat Takeaway.com believes to be reasonable. Further, these adjustments could materially change as both the determination and allocation of the purchase consideration for the Just Eat Acquisition and the Transaction have not been finalized. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the final allocation of the purchase consideration for the Just Eat Acquisition and the Transaction will not differ from the provisional allocations reflected in the Pro Forma Financial Information. The Pro Forma Financial Information is provided for informational purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the Enlarged Group’s financial position or results of operations that would have been realized had the Transaction and the Just Eat Acquisition occurred as of the dates indicated, nor are they meant to be indicative of any anticipated combined financial position or future results of operations that the Enlarged Group will experience after Completion. The actual financial position and results of operations will differ, perhaps significantly, from the Pro Forma Financial Information due to a variety of factors, including access to additional information, changes in value not currently identified and changes in operating results following the date of the Pro Forma Financial Information. The Pro Forma Financial Information does not reflect any adjustment for liabilities or related costs of any integration and similar activities, or benefits that may be derived in future periods, from the Transaction or the Just Eat Acquisition.
All amounts are in millions of euro, except where noted otherwise.
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Just Eat Takeaway.com Group
Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Balance Sheet as of 31 December 2020
 
Adjustments
 
 
Just Eat
Takeaway.com
Group
Grubhub
Group
Grubhub
Group
Transaction
Accounting
Adjustments
Unaudited pro
forma Enlarged
Group
 
As at 31 December
2020
As at 31 December
2020
 
 
€ m
Note 1
Note 4
Note 5
 
Assets
 
 
 
 
Non-current assets
 
 
 
 
Goodwill
4,614
831
2,912
8,357
Other intangible assets
3,207
454
2,686
6,347
Property and equipment
47
71
118
Right-of-use assets
77
66
44
187
Investments in associates and joint ventures
1,575
1,575
Deferred tax assets
21
21
Other non-current assets
12
40
52
Total non-current assets
9,532
1,462
5,663
16,657
Current assets
 
 
 
 
Trade and other receivables
162
91
253
Other current assets
100
62
(22)
140
Current tax assets
17
18
35
Inventories
14
2
16
Cash and cash equivalents
529
293
822
Total current assets
822
466
(22)
1,266
Total assets
10,354
1,928
5,641
17,923
 
 
 
 
 
Shareholders’ equity
 
 
 
 
Ordinary share capital
6
3
9
Share premium
8,801
723
5,328
14,852
Legal reserves
77
348
(348)
77
Other reserves
(403)
66
(119)
(456)
Total shareholders’ equity
8,481
1,137
4,864
14,482
Non-controlling interest
5
5
Total equity
8,486
1,137
4,864
14,487
Liabilities
 
 
 
 
Non-current liabilities
 
 
 
 
Borrowings
474
402
876
Deferred tax liabilities
546
14
707
1,267
Lease liability
66
84
8
158
Other non-current liabilities
2
1
3
Total non-current liabilities
1,088
501
715
2,304
Current liabilities
 
 
 
 
Borrowings
9
9
Lease liability
21
15
36
Trade and other liabilities
713
268
62
1,043
Current tax liabilities
37
7
44
Total current liabilities
780
290
62
1,132
Total liabilities
1,868
791
777
3,436
Total equity and liabilities
10,354
1,928
5,641
17,923
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Just Eat Takeaway.com Group
Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Statement of Profit or Loss for the year ended 31 December 2020
 
 
Adjustments
 
Adjustments
 
 
Just Eat
Takeaway.com
Group
Just Eat
Group
Just Eat
Acquisition
Transaction
Accounting
Adjustments
Unaudited pro
forma Just Eat
Takeaway.com
Group
Grubhub
Group
Grubhub
Group
Transaction
Accounting
Adjustments
Unaudited
pro forma
Enlarged
Group
 
Year ended
31 December
2020
Period
1 January
2020 to
15 April
2020
 
 
Year ended
31 December
2020
 
 
€m (except per share data)
Note 1
Note 2
Note 3
 
Note 4
Note 5
 
Revenue
2,042
359
2,401
1,596
3,997
Courier costs
(727)
(120)
(847)
(638)
(1,485)
Order processing costs
(193)
(40)
(233)
(253)
(486)
Staff costs
(464)
(83)
(547)
(300)
(847)
Other operating expenses
(608)
(172)
(780)
(429)
(53)
(1,262)
Depreciation and amortization
(174)
(22)
(26)
(222)
(119)
(64)
(405)
Operating loss
(124)
(78)
(26)
(228)
(143)
(117)
(488)
Share of results of associates and joint ventures
(16)
(26)
(42)
(42)
Finance income
3
3
2
5
Finance expense
(30)
(5)
(35)
(32)
(67)
Other gains and losses
2
2
2
Loss before income tax
(165)
(109)
(26)
(300)
(173)
(117)
(590)
Income tax (expense) / benefit
(5)
(5)
5
(5)
(5)
18
8
Loss for the period
(170)
(114)
(21)
(305)
(178)
(99)
(582)
Attributable to:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Owners of the Company
(170)
(113)
(21)
(304)
(178)
(99)
(581)
Non-controlling interest
(1)
(1)
(1)
Basic earnings per share attributable to the shareholders (€/share)
(1.21)
 
 
 
 
 
(2.72)
Weighted average number of ordinary shares (basic)
140,419,945
 
 
 
 
 
213,382,457
Diluted earnings per share attributable to the shareholders (€/share)
(1.21)
 
 
 
 
 
(2.72)
Weighted average number of ordinary shares (diluted)
140,419,945
 
 
 
 
 
213,382,457
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Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Financial Information
1.
Basis of presentation
The Pro Forma Financial Information gives effect to the Pro Forma Transactions as if the Transaction had taken place on 31 December 2020 for the purposes of the unaudited pro forma combined balance sheet and as if the Pro Forma Transactions had taken place on 1 January 2020 for the purposes of the unaudited pro forma combined statement of profit or loss. There is no adjustment to the pro forma balance sheet related to the Just Eat Acquisition as the Just Eat Group has been consolidated by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group as of 15 April 2020 and therefore is already reflected in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements as of 31 December 2020. The purchase price calculation and purchase price allocation presented for the Just Eat Acquisition has been determined in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements. The purchase price allocation is based on an estimation of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The measurement period ended on 14 April 2021 and therefore the assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and goodwill recognized were adjusted to reflect new information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date, and, if known, would have affected the measurement of the amounts recognized as of that date.
The pro forma balance sheet reflects the transaction accounting adjustments attributable to the Transaction, which depict the accounting adjustments required by IFRS. The pro forma statement of profit or loss reflects the transaction accounting adjustments attributable to the Pro Forma Transactions, which depict the accounting adjustments required by IFRS. The Pro Forma Financial Information reflects pro forma adjustments that management believes are necessary to present fairly the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s pro forma results of operations and financial position following the closing of the Pro Forma Transactions as of and for the periods indicated. The Pro Forma Financial Information does not reflect any adjustment for liabilities or related costs of any integration and similar activities, or benefits that may be derived in future periods, from the Transaction or the Just Eat Acquisition.
The Grubhub Group’s consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with GAAP, which differs in certain respects from IFRS. Adjustments were made to the Grubhub Group’s consolidated financial statements to convert them from GAAP to IFRS and to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s existing accounting policies after evaluating potential areas of differences. In addition, reclassifications have been made to align the Grubhub Group’s and the Just Eat Group’s financial statement presentation to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s financial statement presentation.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has used the following historical exchange rates to translate the Grubhub Group’s and the Just Eat Group’s financial statements and calculate certain adjustments to the Pro Forma Financial Information from U.S. dollars and pounds sterling to euro:
Closing exchange rate as of 31 December 2020
USD 1 / euro 0.8131
Average exchange rate for the six-month period ended 30 June 2020
GBP 1 / euro 1.1399
Average exchange rate for the year ended 31 December 2020
USD 1 / euro 0.8768
The estimated income tax impacts of the pre-tax adjustments that are reflected in the Pro Forma Financial Information are calculated using an estimated blended statutory rate, which is based on preliminary assumptions related to the jurisdictions in which the income (expense) adjustments will be recorded. The blended statutory rate and the effective tax rate of the Enlarged Group following the Transaction could be significantly different depending on post-Transaction activities and the geographical mix of the Enlarged Group’s profits or losses before taxes.
The Just Eat Acquisition has been accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with IFRS 3, with Just Eat Takeaway.com treated as the accounting acquirer for the Just Eat Acquisition. The IFRS 3 acquisition method of accounting applies the fair value concepts defined in IFRS 13 and requires, among other things, that the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination are recognized at their fair values as of the acquisition date, with limited exceptions to this recognition and measurement principle. Any excess of the purchase consideration over the fair value of identifiable net assets acquired is recognized as goodwill. The purchase price calculation and purchase price allocation presented for the Just Eat Acquisition is based on the purchase price allocation determined in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements. The measurement period ended on 14 April 2021
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and therefore the assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and goodwill recognized were adjusted to reflect new information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date, and, if known, would have affected the measurement of the amounts recognized as of that date.
In addition, Just Eat Takeaway.com will also be treated as the accounting acquirer in the Transaction, and accordingly, the Grubhub Group assets acquired and liabilities assumed are adjusted based on the provisional purchase price allocation made solely for the purpose of preparing the unaudited pro forma combined financial information that Just Eat Takeaway.com believes are reasonable. As of the date of this proxy statement/prospectus, Just Eat Takeaway.com has prepared preliminary estimates of fair value for all of the Grubhub Group’s assets to be acquired and liabilities to be assumed. Upon Completion, Just Eat Takeaway.com will conduct a detailed valuation of all assets and liabilities of the Grubhub Group as of the date of Completion, at which point the actual fair values will be determined and may vary materially from these provisional estimates. In identifying Just Eat Takeaway.com as the accounting acquirer, Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub took into account (i) the background of the Transaction, (ii) the Merger Agreement, (iii) the anticipated share ownership and voting rights of the Enlarged Group, (iv) the intended corporate governance structure of the Enlarged Group, (v) the designation of certain senior management positions, and (vi) the relative market values, size, and profitability of the combining companies.
The pro forma adjustments are based upon the best information available to Just Eat Takeaway.com and certain assumptions that Just Eat Takeaway.com believes to be reasonable. Further, these adjustments could materially change as both the determination and allocation of the purchase consideration for the Just Eat Acquisition and the Transaction have not been finalized. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the final allocation of the purchase consideration for the Just Eat Acquisition and the Transaction will not differ from the provisional allocations reflected in the Pro Forma Financial Information. The Pro Forma Financial Information is provided for informational purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the Enlarged Group’s financial position or results of operations that would have been realized had the Transaction and the Just Eat Acquisition occurred as of the dates indicated, nor are they meant to be indicative of any anticipated combined financial position or future results of operations that the Enlarged Group will experience after Completion. The actual financial position and results of operations will differ, perhaps significantly, from the Pro Forma Financial Information due to a variety of factors, including access to additional information, changes in value not currently identified and changes in operating results following the date of the Pro Forma Financial Information.
2.
Adjustments to the Just Eat Group’s financial statements
The statement of profit or loss of the Just Eat Group for the period 1 January 2020 to 15 April 2020 has been derived from the Just Eat Group’s unaudited accounting records, and has been translated from pounds sterling into euro at a rate of £1:€1.1399, such rate being the average historical exchange rate for the six-month period ended 30 June 2020.
3.
Adjustments related to the Just Eat Acquisition
The pro forma statement of profit or loss give effect to the following assumptions and adjustments.
The Just Eat Acquisition has been accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with IFRS 3, with Just Eat Takeaway.com treated as the accounting acquirer for the Just Eat Acquisition. The purchase price calculation and purchase price allocation presented for the Just Eat Acquisition has been determined in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial statements. The purchase price allocation is based on an estimation of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The measurement period ended on 14 April 2021 and therefore the assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and goodwill recognized were adjusted to reflect new information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date, and, if known, would have affected the measurement of the amounts recognized as of that date.
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a)
Allocation of consideration for the Just Eat Acquisition
The pro forma adjustments to Depreciation and amortization expense for the period 1 January 2020 to 15 April 2020 are calculated as follows:
(€ million)
Amortization for
period 1 January
2020 to 15 April
2020
Period 1 January 2020 to 15 April 2020 and Annual amortization of acquired identifiable intangible assets
48
Less historical amortization expense
(22)
Adjustments to Depreciation and amortization expense
26
b) Transaction costs
Just Eat Takeaway.com and Just Eat incurred the following non-recurring costs of the Just Eat Acquisition, such as investment banking fees, legal fees, accounting fees, valuation fees, and other expenses directly associated with the Just Eat Acquisition:
(€ million)
 
Total transaction costs of:
 
Just Eat Takeaway.com
99
Just Eat
85
Total transaction costs
184
 
Share premium
Statement of profit or loss
 
As at
31 December
2020
Year ended
31 December 2020
Year ended
31 December
2019
Amounts recognized in historical periods:
24
114
46
Adjustment recorded in the pro forma
Pro forma adjusted transaction costs
24
114
46
All amounts have been expensed in the period that they were incurred, and no additional adjustment is recorded in the pro forma statement of profit or loss for the year ended 31 December 2020.
c) Income tax impact
The income tax impacts of the pre-tax adjustments that are reflected in the Pro Forma Financial Information are calculated using a statutory rate of 19% related to the jurisdictions in which the income (expense) adjustments will be recorded.
4. Adjustments to the Grubhub Group’s financial statements
The financial information below illustrates the impact of adjustments made to the Grubhub Group’s consolidated financial statements as prepared in accordance with GAAP, in order to present them on a basis consistent with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s accounting presentation in accordance with IFRS. These adjustments reflect the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s best estimates based upon the information currently available to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and could be subject to change once more detailed information is obtained.
The Grubhub Group’s historical GAAP financial information has been extracted without material adjustment from the Grubhub Group’s consolidated financial statements and the Grubhub Group’s consolidated financial statements, which are incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus.
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Grubhub Group
Unaudited Adjusted Balance Sheet as of 31 December 2020
 
Reclassifications and GAAP to IFRS Adjustments
Grubhub Group
balance sheet line items
Grubhub
Group
balance
sheet
line
items as at
31 December
2020
Just Eat
Takeaway.com
Group
balance
sheet line
items
Grubhub
Group balance
sheet as at
31 December 2020
under the
Just Eat
Takeaway.com
Group’s
balance sheet
presentation
Notes
IFRS
adjustments
Notes
Grubhub
Group
balance sheet
as at
31 December 2020
under the
Just Eat
Takeaway.com
Group’s
balance sheet
presentation
and after IFRS
adjustments
Translated
into the
Just Eat
Takeaway.com
Group’s
presentation
currency
 
(Note 4a)
 
(Note 4b)
 
(Note 4c)
 
 
(Note 4d)
 
$ m
 
$ m
 
$ m
 
$ m
€ m
 
 
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
Goodwill
1,008
Goodwill
1,008
 
14
4c(iv)
1,022
831
Acquired intangible assets, net of amortization
456
Other intangible assets
561
4b(i)
(2)
4c(ii)
559
454
Property and equipment, net of depreciation and amortization
216
Property and equipment
111
4b(i)
(23)
4c(iv), 4c(v)
88
71
Operating lease right-of-use asset
88
Right-of-use assets
88
 
(7)
4c(i)
81
66
Other assets
49
Other non-current assets
49
 
 
49
40
Deferred tax assets, non-current
Deferred tax assets
 
4c(i), 4c(ii), 4c(vi)
 
 
Total non-current assets
1,817
 
(18)
 
1,799
1,462
Accounts receivable less allowances for doubtful accounts
112
Trade and other receivables
112
 
 
112
91
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
25
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Short-term investments
53
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
78
Other current assets
76
4b(ii)
 
76
62
Income tax receivable
22
Current tax assets
22
 
 
22
18
 
 
Inventories
2
4b(ii)
 
2
2
Cash and cash equivalents
360
Cash and cash equivalents
360
 
 
360
293
 
Total current assets
572
 
 
572
466
Total assets
2,389
Total assets
2,389
 
(18)
 
2,371
1,928
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stockholders’ equity
 
Shareholders’ equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common stock
Ordinary share capital
 
 
Preferred Stock
Share premium
889
4b(iv)
 
889
723
Additional paid-in capital
1,243
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(1)
Legal reserves
353
4b(iv)
75
4c(ii)
428
348
Retained earnings
175
Other reserves
175
 
(93)
4c(i), 4c(ii), 4c(iii),
4c(iv), 4c(v), 4c(vi)
82
66
Total stockholders’ equity
1,417
Total shareholders’ equity
1,417
 
(18)
 
1,399
1,137
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
Long-term debt
494
Borrowings
494
 
 
494
402
Deferred taxes, non-current
18
Deferred tax liabilities
18
 
4c(v)
18
14
Noncurrent operating lease liability
103
Lease liability
103
 
 
103
84
Other accruals
1
Other non-current liabilities
1
 
 
1
1
 
 
Total non-current liabilities
616
 
 
616
501
Current operating lease liability
18
Lease liability
18
 
 
18
15
Accounts payable
20
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Restaurant food liability
142
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accrued payroll
27
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other accruals
149
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
338
Trade and other liabilities
330
4b(iii)
4c(iv)
330
268
 
 
Current tax liabilities
8
4b(iii)
 
8
7
 
 
Total current liabilities
356
 
 
356
290
Total liabilities
972
Total liabilities
972
 
 
972
791
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Equity and liabilities
2,389
Total shareholders’ equity and liabilities
2,389
 
(18)
 
2,371
1,928
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Grubhub Group
Unaudited Adjusted Statement of Profit or Loss for the year ended 31 December 2020
 
Reclassifications and GAAP to IFRS Adjustments
Grubhub Group
statement of
operations sheet
line items
Grubhub
Group
statement of
operations
line items
for the
year ended
31 December
2020
Just Eat
Takeaway.com
Group statement
of profit
or loss
line items
Grubhub Group
statement of
operations for
the year ended
31 December 2020
under the
Just Eat
Takeaway.com
Group’s statement
of profit
or loss
presentation
Notes
IFRS adjustments
Notes
Grubhub Group
statement of
operations for
the year ended
31 December 2020
under the
Just Eat
Takeaway.com
Group’s statement
of profit
or loss
presentation and
after IFRS
adjustments
Translated
into the
Just Eat
Takeaway.com
Group ’s
presentation
currency
 
(Note 4a)
 
(Note 4b)
 
(Note 4c)
 
 
(Note 4d)
 
$ m
 
$ m
 
$ m
 
$ m
€ m
Revenues
1,820
Revenue
1,820
 
 
1,820
1,596
 
 
Courier costs
(728)
4b(i)
 
(728)
(638)
 
 
Order processing costs
(261)
4b(ii)
(28)
4c(v)
(289)
(253)
Costs and expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operations and support
(1,169)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sales and marketing
(402)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Technology (exclusive of amortization)
(123)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
General and administrative
(133)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Staff costs
(329)
4b(iii)
(13)
4c(ii)
(342)
(300)
 
 
Other operating expenses
(509)
4b(iv)
20
4c(i), 4c(iii)
(489)
(429)
Depreciation and amortization
(142)
Depreciation and amortization
(142)
 
6
4c(i), 4c(ii), 4c(v)
(136)
(119)
Total costs and expenses
(1,969)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loss from operations
(149)
Operating loss
(149)
 
(15)
 
(164)
(143)
 
 
Finance income
2
4b(v)
 
2
2
Interest expense - net
(28)
Finance expense
(30)
4b(v)
(6)
4c(i)
(36)
(32)
Loss before provision for income taxes
(177)
Loss before income tax
(177)
 
(21)
 
(198)
(173)
Income tax (expense) / benefit
21
Income tax (expense) / benefit
21
 
(27)
4c(ii), 4c(vi)
(6)
(5)
Net loss attributable to common stockholders
(156)
Loss for the period
(156)
 
(48)
 
(204)
(178)
a)
The Grubhub Group’s balance sheet as at 31 December 2020 and statement of operations for the year ended 31 December 2020 are extracted, without material adjustment, from the Grubhub Group’s consolidated financial statements, which are incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus.
b)
The classification of certain items presented by the Grubhub Group has been modified in order to align with the presentation used by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group.
The Grubhub Group balance sheet items as of 31 December 2020 were reclassified as follows:
i)
Under GAAP, the Grubhub Group’s Property and equipment, net of depreciation and amortization includes $105 million of software costs which has been reclassified to Other Intangible assets in accordance with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s IFRS balance sheet presentation.
ii)
Under GAAP, the Grubhub Group’s Short-term investments of $53 million, and $25 million of Prepaid expenses and other current assets are presented separately. An amount of $76 million has been reclassified to Other current assets and $2 million has been reclassified to Inventories in accordance with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s IFRS balance sheet presentation.
iii)
Under GAAP, the Grubhub Group’s Other accruals of $149 million, Accrued payroll of $27 million, Restaurant food liability of $142 million and Accounts payable of $20 million are presented separately. An amount of $330 million has been reclassified to Trade and other liabilities and $8 million has been reclassified to Current tax liabilities in accordance with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group's IFRS balance sheet presentation.
iv)
Under GAAP, the Grubhub Group presents share premium and reserves associated with equity settled awards as Additional paid-in-capital. These amounts have been reclassified and presented separately as Share premium and Legal reserves in accordance with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s IFRS balance sheet presentation. Additionally, under GAAP, the Grubhub Group presents gains and losses on translation of foreign subsidiaries as Accumulated other comprehensive loss. This amount has been reclassified to Legal reserves in accordance with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group's IFRS balance sheet presentation.
The Grubhub Group statement of operations items for the year ended 31 December 2020 were reclassified as follows:
i)
The Grubhub Group’s Operations and support balance includes $728 million which has been reclassified to the Courier costs statement of profit or loss line in accordance with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s IFRS presentation.
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ii)
The Grubhub Group’s Operations and support balance includes $258 million and its Sales and marketing balance includes $3 million which have been reclassified to the Order processing costs statement of profit or loss line in accordance with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s IFRS presentation.
iii)
The Grubhub Group’s Operations and support balance, Sales and marketing balance, Technology balance, and General and administrative balance includes $73 million and $92 million, $112 million, and $52 million, respectively, that have been reclassified to the Staff costs statement of profit or loss line in accordance with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s IFRS presentation.
iv)
The Grubhub Group’s Operations and support balance, Sales and marketing balance, Technology balance, and General and administrative balance includes $110 million, $307 million, $11 million, and $81 million, respectively, that have been reclassified to the Other operating expenses statement of profit or loss line in accordance with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s IFRS presentation.
v)
The Grubhub Group’s Interest expense-net balance includes $2 million of interest income which has been presented as Finance income in accordance with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s IFRS presentation. The remaining amount of the Grubhub Group’s Interest expense-net balance of $30 million has been presented as Finance expense in accordance with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s IFRS presentation.
c)
The following adjustments have been made to convert the Grubhub Group’s balance sheet and statement of operations to IFRS:
i)
Leases - Under GAAP, leases are classified as either finance or operating at lease commencement if specified criteria have been met, whereas after the adoption of IFRS 16 Leases, IFRS does not distinguish between operating and finance leases. Rather, IFRS applies a single recognition and measurement model to all leases, which is similar to the treatment of finance leases under GAAP after the adoption of ASC 842 Leases with effect from 1 January 2019. All of the Grubhub Group’s leases have been classified as operating under its GAAP accounting policy, where the lease liability is measured as the present value of the remaining lease payments and the right-of-use asset is re-measured as the amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease incentives, prepaid/ accrued rents, initial direct costs, or impairment. This treatment results in the recognition of rent expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The adjustment represents the reversal of Other operating expense of $19 million for the year ended 31 December 2020 recognized under GAAP and the recognition of $14 million increases in depreciation on the right-of-use assets and $6 million increases in Finance expense on the lease liabilities for the year ended 31 December 2020 under IFRS. These adjustments also resulted in a reduction to the right-of-use asset of $3 million as at 31 December 2020 related to re-measurements.
Additionally, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group adopted IFRS 16 using the modified retrospective method, under which the cumulative effect of initial application was recognized in other reserves as at 1 January 2019. The associated right-of-use assets were re-measured on a retrospective basis as if the new rules had always been applied. The Grubhub Group has re-measured the right-of-use assets as at 1 January 2019 using the transition approach adopted by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, which resulted in an adjustment to the right-of-use assets of $7 million with an offset to retained earnings. No differences were identified prior to the adoption of IFRS 16 and ASC 842.
During the year ended 31 December 2020, the Grubhub Group also recognized as impairment loss under GAAP of $6 million related to leased office spaces that were closed due to reduced use. Because of differences in the carrying value of the right-of-use assets for these leases, the impairment loss was reduced by $3 million under IFRS with a corresponding increase in right-of-use assets. The reduction was recorded to Depreciation and amortization.
ii)
Under its GAAP accounting policy, the Grubhub Group has valued its graded vesting awards with service-only conditions as a single award and has recorded the share-based compensation expense for these awards using a straight-line method over the vesting period for the entire award. IFRS requires that each tranche of a graded vesting award with service-only conditions be valued as a separate award and that the share-based compensation expense be recorded using a straight-line basis over the respective vesting period for each separately vesting portion of the award.
These changes resulted in an increase to share based compensation within Staff costs of $13 million for the year ended 31 December 2020. Additionally, a portion of the costs were capitalized as software development. The impact of these capitalized costs resulted in a decrease to Other intangible assets of $2 million as of 31 December 2020 and a decrease to Depreciation and amortization of $0.1 million for the year ended 31 December 2020. In total, the cumulative impact related to these adjustments resulted in an increase of $75 million to Legal reserves as of 31 December 2020.
iii)
Under its GAAP accounting policy, the Grubhub Group elected to capitalize certain advertising costs. The costs were expensed when the related advertising took place. These costs are required to be expensed as incurred under IFRS. Adjustments have been made to reverse capitalized amounts at each balance sheet date and recognize the costs as other operating expense in the period incurred. These adjustments resulted in a decrease to Other operating expenses of $1 million for the year ended 31 December 2020.
iv)
In conjunction with the 2017 acquisition of Eat24 and 2018 acquisitions of Tapingo and LevelUp, the Grubhub Group granted replacement share-based payment awards with graded vesting features to employees of the acquired businesses. Under GAAP, the Grubhub Group determined the value of the shares and the allocation between consideration transferred and post-combination service expense consistent with the policy described in note 4c(ii) above. Adjustments have been made on a retrospective basis to the purchase price allocations and post-combination expense to reflect the impact of the graded vesting awards under the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s IFRS accounting policy. In addition, an adjustment was recorded to remove the value of tablet devices acquired as part of the Eat24 acquisition from the businesses’ balance sheet as of the acquisition date to align the Grubhub Group’s policy with that of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s IFRS accounting policy. There were also measurement period adjustments recognized for liabilities assumed in the Tapingo and LevelUp acquisitions that collectively totaled $0.2 million. In total, these adjustments resulted in an increase to goodwill of $14 million, an increase to equity of $13 million and a reduction to Property and equipment of $1 million.
v)
Under its GAAP accounting policy, the Grubhub Group has elected to capitalize the cost of restaurant facing technology devices, such as tablets that are distributed to restaurants for purposes of order fulfilment. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has elected to expense the costs for these devices as incurred under its IFRS accounting policies. Adjustments have been made to reverse capitalized amounts and related depreciation for these devices and recognize the costs as Order processing costs in the period
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incurred. These adjustments resulted in a reduction to property and equipment of $22 million as of 31 December 2020. The increase to Order processing costs was $28 million, and the reduction to Depreciation and amortization expenses was $17 million for the year ended 31 December 2020. The net impact to equity of these adjustments was a reduction of $15 million.
vi)
Item (vi) reflects the tax impact of the accounting adjustments set out above. The income tax impacts of the adjustments are calculated using an estimated blended statutory tax rate of 27.8% for the period ended 31 December 2020.
d)
The Grubhub Group financial information has been converted from US dollars to euro using the closing exchange rate of $1:€0.8131 at 31 December 2020 and an average rate of $1:€0.8768 for the year ended 31 December 2020.
5.
Adjustments related to the Transaction
The pro forma balance sheet and the pro forma statement of profit or loss give effect to the following assumptions and adjustments.
The Transaction will be accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting in conformity with IFRS 3. Under this method, the assets acquired and liabilities assumed have been recorded based on preliminary estimates of fair value and limited information available. The actual fair values will be determined upon the consummation of the Transaction and may vary from these estimates.
(a)
Preliminary purchase consideration
The total preliminary purchase consideration as of 20 April 2021 amounts to €6,085 million, and has been calculated as follows:
Estimated number of Just Eat Takeaway.com
Shares underlying the New Just Eat Takeaway.com
ADSs to be delivered to Grubhub Stockholders as of
20 April 2021:
 
 
Estimated number of Grubhub Shares outstanding (Note 5a(i))
          
98,480,447
Exchange ratio
 
0.671
Total estimated number of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs to be delivered
 
66,080,380
Preliminary purchase consideration
(in millions of euro, unless otherwise stated):
 
 
Estimated number of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs to be delivered
66,080,380
 
Multiplied by market price of each Just Eat Takeaway.com Share on 20 April 2021 (Note 5a(ii)) (euro per share)
92.08
 
Fair value of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs be issued in exchange of Grubhub Shares
 
6,085
Total preliminary purchase consideration
 
6,085
i)
Represents Grubhub’s fully diluted outstanding shares as of 20 April 2021, calculated in accordance with the treasury stock method. The final number of Grubhub Shares to be used for calculating the consideration will be determined at Completion and will reflect the additional number of Grubhub Shares which will be issued as a result of share awards vesting in the period up to Completion.
ii)
To determine the preliminary purchase consideration, based on the market price of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, the closing price of 20 April 2021 on Euronext Amsterdam has been used, which was €92.08.
The preliminary purchase consideration reflected in the Pro Forma Financial Information does not purport to represent what the actual consideration transferred will be when the Transaction is completed. The fair value of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs to be delivered as part of the consideration transferred will be measured, at Completion, based on the number of Grubhub Shares outstanding multiplied by the exchange ratio of 0.6710 and the then-current market price of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares. This requirement will likely result in a per share equity component different from the €92.08 per share closing price of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares on 20 April 2021 that is assumed in the Pro Forma Financial Information, and that difference may be material.
(b)
Preliminary purchase consideration allocation
Under the acquisition method of accounting, the preliminary purchase consideration is allocated to the Grubhub Group’s assets and liabilities based on their estimated fair values. The preliminary allocation included in
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the Pro Forma Financial Information below has been developed based on preliminary estimates of fair value using the historical financial statements of the Grubhub Group as of 31 December 2020 and is therefore subject to change.
The preliminary allocation of the preliminary purchase consideration as of 20 April 2021 is estimated as follows:
(€ million)
 
 
 
 
Total preliminary purchase consideration (Note 5a)
 
 
6,085
 
Allocation of preliminary purchase consideration:
 
 
 
 
Estimated fair value of assets acquired:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other intangible assets:
 
 
 
 
Brand names
 
500
 
5b(i)
Consumer lists
 
2,360
 
5b(i)
Technology platforms
 
180
 
5b(i)
Restaurant databases
 
100
 
5b(i)
Other intangible assets - total
 
 
3,140
 
Right-of-use assets
 
 
110
5b(ii)
Other assets
 
 
577
5b(iii)
Total estimated fair values of liabilities assumed:
 
 
 
 
Lease liabilities:
 
 
(107)
5b(ii)
Other liabilities:
 
 
(678)
5b(iii)
Deferred taxes - net
 
 
(700)
5b(iv)
Residual goodwill
 
 
3,743
 
Elimination of Grubhub historical goodwill at 31 December 2020
 
 
(831)
 
Goodwill adjustment
 
 
2,912
 
To determine the preliminary purchase consideration, Just Eat Takeaway.com closing share price on 20 April 2021 of €92.08 has been used. The actual purchase price and exchange rate will fluctuate between 20 April 2021 and the closing date of the Transaction. A 10% increase in the Just Eat Takeaway.com share price would increase the fair value of the preliminary purchase consideration and goodwill by €608 million. A 10% decrease in the Just Eat Takeaway.com share price would decrease the preliminary purchase consideration and goodwill by €609 million.
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The table below represents a preliminary allocation of the preliminary estimated consideration to the Grubhub Group’s tangible and intangible assets to be acquired and liabilities to be assumed based on Just Eat Takeaway.com’s preliminary estimate of their respective fair values as of 31 December 2020:
€ million
Grubhub Group
balance sheet
as at 31 December
2020 under the
Just Eat
Takeaway.com
Group’s
balance sheet
presentation and
after IFRS
adjustments
Preliminary
fair value
adjustments
Grubhub Group
balance sheet
as at 31 December
2020 under the
Just Eat
Takeaway.com
Group’s
balance sheet
presentation
and after IFRS
and preliminary
fair value
adjustments
Assets
 
 
 
Non-current assets
 
 
 
Goodwill
831
2,912
3,743
Other intangible assets
454
2,686
3,140
Property and equipment
71
71
Right-of-use assets
66
44
110
Investments in associates and joint ventures
Deferred tax assets
21
21
Other non-current assets
40
40
Total non-current assets
1,462
5,663
7,125
Trade and other receivables
91
91
Other current assets
62
62
Current tax assets
18
18
Inventories
2
2
Cash and cash equivalents
293
293
Total current assets
466
466
Total assets
1,928
5,663
7,591
Liabilities
 
 
 
Non-current liabilities
 
 
 
Borrowings
402
402
Deferred tax liabilities
14
707
721
Lease liability
84
8
92
Other non-current liabilities
1
1
Total non-current liabilities
501
715
1,216
Current liabilities
 
 
 
Borrowings
Lease liability
15
15
Trade and other liabilities
268
268
Current tax liabilities
7
7
Total current liabilities
290
290
Total liabilities
791
715
1,506
Net assets
1,137
4,948
6,085
i)
The assessment of the preliminary fair value of the intangible assets were allocated on a similar basis to recent relevant transactions performed by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group. The assumptions used by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group to arrive at the estimated fair value of the identifiable intangible
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assets were derived primarily from publicly available information, including market transactions of varying degrees of comparability. However, a detailed analysis has not been completed and the final determination of fair value may differ from these estimates.
The fair value and weighted-average estimated useful lives of identifiable intangible assets and right-of-use assets are estimated as follows:
 
Pro forma
adjusted carrying
value
Weighted-Average
Estimated Useful life
Annual
amortization
 
(€ m)
(in years)
(€ m)
Fair value of assets acquired:
 
 
 
Brand names
500
20
25
Consumer lists
2,360
30
79
Technology platforms
180
5
36
Restaurant databases
100
10
10
Right-of-use assets
110
8
14
Total fair value of assets acquired:
3,250
Depreciation and
amortization expenses
164
 
 
Less historical Depreciation
and amortization expense
(100)
 
 
Adjustments to
Depreciation and
amortization expense
64
ii)
The carrying value of lease liabilities has been increased by €8 million to measure the Grubhub Group’s leases at the present value of the remaining lease payments as if the acquired leases were new leases as of the date of Completion. The carrying value of right-of-use assets has been increased by €44 million to measure the right-of-use assets at the same amount as the corresponding lease liability, adjusted to reflect favorable or unfavorable terms of the lease when compared with market terms.
iii)
Except as noted, the carrying values of the Grubhub Group’s assets and liabilities are considered to approximate their fair values for purposes of the Pro Forma Financial Information.
iv)
The adjustment to deferred tax liabilities of €707 million related to the estimated fair value of Other intangible assets (€3,140 million) and adjustment to Right-of-use assets (€44 million), calculated using an estimated blended statutory rate of 27.8%, resulting in a total deferred tax liability of €770 million, offset by €63 million already recorded on the Grubhub Group’s balance sheet. The adjustment to deferred tax assets of €21 million represents the recognition of additional deferred tax assets on Grubhub Group’s net operating losses related to federal tax of €19 million and an adjustment to deferred tax of €2 million related to the estimated fair value adjustments to lease liabilities of €8 million, calculated using an estimated blended statutory rate of 27.8%. See note 5(e) (Income tax impact) in the Notes to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Financial Information beginning on page 269 of this proxy statement/prospectus for a description of the tax rate used.
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(c)
Transaction costs
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Grubhub Group expect to incur the following non-recurring costs in connection with the Transaction, such as investment banking fees, legal fees, accounting fees, valuation fees, and other expenses directly associated with the Transaction:
(€ million)
 
Total Transaction costs of:
 
         
Just Eat Takeaway.com
 
67
Grubhub
         
57
Total Transaction costs
 
124
 
Share premium
Statement of profit or loss
 
As at 31 December 2020
Year ended 31 December 2020
Amounts recognized in historical periods
40
Adjustment recorded in the pro forma
31
53
Pro forma adjusted transaction costs
31
93
An adjustment has been made to reflect Transaction costs within the pro forma statement of profit or loss for the year ended 31 December 2020. The total costs related to the Transaction are estimated to amount to €124 million. Transaction costs of €40 million incurred in connection with the Transaction have been recorded as an expense in the year ended 31 December 2020. Transaction costs of €31 million are reflected as an adjustment to Share premium in the pro forma balance sheet in accordance with IFRS 3. The adjustment recorded to Other operating expenses in the pro forma statement of profit or loss relates to the remaining total transaction costs of €53 million yet to be incurred by Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub. This adjustment does not have a continuing impact on the Enlarged Group.
In addition, adjustments have been presented in the pro forma balance sheet as at 31 December 2020 as an increase to Trade and other liabilities of €62 million, a reduction to Other current assets of €22 million and a corresponding reduction to Other reserves of €53 million to represent the estimated total Transaction costs yet to be incurred as of 31 December 2020.
These amounts have not been tax effected as the tax deductibility of these items has not been determined.
(d)
Adjustments to shareholders’ equity
The estimated impact to Total shareholders’ equity as at 31 December 2020 is summarized as follows:
 
Transaction Accounting Adjustments
(€ million)
Eliminate
Grubhub Group
historical equity
Issuance of
Just Eat
Takeaway.com
Shares
Estimated
Transaction
costs
Total
Transaction
Accounting
Adjustments
Note Ref.
4
5(a)
5(c)
 
Ordinary share capital
3
3
Share premium
(723)
6,082
(31)
5,328
Legal reserves
(348)
(348)
Other reserves
(66)
(53)
(119)
Total shareholders’ equity
(1,137)
6,085
(84)
4,864
(e)
Income tax impact
The estimated income tax impacts of the pre-tax adjustments that are reflected in the Pro Forma Financial Information are calculated using an estimated blended statutory rate of 27.8%, which is based on preliminary assumptions related to the jurisdictions in which the income (expense) adjustments will be recorded. The blended statutory rate of the Enlarged Group following the Transaction could be significantly different depending on post-Transaction activities and the geographical mix of profit or loss before taxes.
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(f)
Earnings per share
Pro forma earnings (loss) per share (referred to as “EPS”) for the pro forma statement of profit or loss have been recalculated to show the impacts of the Pro Forma Transactions after giving effect to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares issued to Just Eat shareholders, and to be issued to Grubhub Stockholders, on a constant diluted and basic outstanding share basis, assuming that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares issued in connection with the Just Eat Acquisition and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs to be issued in connection with the Transaction were outstanding at the beginning of the periods presented. The effect of anti-dilutive potential ordinary shares is ignored in calculating pro forma diluted earnings (loss) per share. For the year ended 31 December 2020, total weighted average pro forma Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares outstanding is assumed to be 212.5 million for basic and diluted EPS for the pro forma statement of profit or loss.
 
For the year ended 31 December 2020
(In millions of euro, except for per share data)
Historical Just Eat
Takeaway.com Group
Unaudited
Pro Forma
Enlarged Group
Net income (loss) – attributable to shareholders
(170)
(581)
Weighted average number of ordinary shares (basic)
140,419,945
213,382,457
Basic EPS
(1.21)
(2.72)
Net income (loss) – attributable to shareholders
(170)
(581)
Weighted average number of ordinary shares (diluted)
140,419,945
213,382,457
Diluted EPS
(1.21)
(2.72)
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DESCRIPTION OF JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM SHARES
The following is a summary of the material terms of (1) the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares as set forth in the Articles; and (2) the Dutch Civil Code insofar as it applies to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares. This overview does not reflect the obligations imposed by the Listing Rules or the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules as a result of a listing on the premium listing segment of the UK Official List or any temporary COVID-19 related rules or regulation. Please note that this is only a summary and may not contain all of the information relevant to you. Accordingly, you should read the more detailed provisions of the Articles, a copy of which is attached as Annex D to this proxy statement/prospectus and is incorporated by reference herein.
Corporate Purpose
Pursuant to article 2.2 of the Articles, Just Eat Takeaway.com’s objects are:
a.
to incorporate, participate in and conduct the management of other companies and enterprises;
b.
to render administrative, technical, financial, economic or managerial services to other companies, persons and enterprises;
c.
to acquire, dispose of, manage and utilize real property, personal property and other goods, including patents, trademark rights, licenses, permits and other industrial property rights;
d.
to borrow, to lend and to raise funds, including the issue of bonds, promissory notes or other securities or evidence of indebtedness and to enter into agreements in connection with aforementioned activities; and
e.
to grant guarantees, to bind Just Eat Takeaway.com and to pledge its assets for obligations of Just Eat Takeaway.com, group companies and third parties,
the foregoing whether or not in collaboration with third parties and inclusive of the performance and promotion of all activities which directly and indirectly relate to those objects, all this in the broadest sense of the words.
Just Eat Takeaway.com’s Share Capital
Authorized Share Capital
The Articles provide for one class of shares, ordinary shares. The authorized share capital of Just Eat Takeaway.com amounts to EUR 16,000,000 and is divided into 400,000,000 ordinary shares, each with a nominal value of EUR 0.04.
Issued Share Capital
As of close of business on 20 April 2021, there were 148,815,541 Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares issued and outstanding (and no Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares issued and held by Just Eat Takeaway.com in treasury).
Net Asset Value
The net asset value (total assets minus total liabilities) per Just Eat Takeaway.com Share as of 31 December 2020 was €57.17.
All issued Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares have been created under the laws of the Netherlands.
Issuance of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares
Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares are issued pursuant to a resolution of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board that has been approved by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board, provided that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board has been authorized to do so by a resolution of the General Meeting for a specific period not exceeding five years.
If and insofar the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board is not authorized, as referred to in the above paragraph, the General Meeting is entitled to resolve to issue Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares upon the proposal of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board, which proposal has been approved by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board.
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Pursuant to a resolution adopted by the General Meeting on 14 May 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board has been authorized to, until 14 August 2021 and subject to approval of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board, resolve on the issue of (i) up to 14,408,958 Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares (or rights to acquire Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares) for general corporate purposes, (ii) up to a further 14,408,958 Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares (or rights to acquire Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares) in connection with or on the occasion of mergers, acquisitions and/or strategic alliances and (iii) up to a further 7,204,479 Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares (or rights to acquire Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares) in connection with one or more incentive plans for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors, senior management and/or other employees. In addition, pursuant to a resolution adopted by the General Meeting on 7 October 2020, in order to enable Just Eat Takeaway.com to issue Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or grant rights to acquire Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares in connection with the Transaction (including to satisfy any obligations pursuant to the Transaction in respect of employee stock option plans), the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board has been authorized to, for a period of 18 months as from 7 October 2020 and subject to approval of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board, resolve on the issue of up to 233,297,041 Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares (or rights to acquire Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares) (the latter authorization, the “New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares Authorization”).
Pre-emptive Rights
Upon the issuance of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, each Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder has a right to acquire newly issued Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, in proportion to the aggregate nominal value of his or her Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, it being understood that this pre-emptive right shall not apply to: (a) Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares that are issued to employees of Just Eat Takeaway.com or employees of a group company of Just Eat Takeaway.com and (b) Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares that are issued that are paid for in kind. Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders shall also have a pre-emptive right in respect of the grant of rights to subscribe for Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, but not in respect of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares that are issued to a person exercising a right to subscribe for Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares previously granted. The sale of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares held by Just Eat Takeaway.com is subject to similar pre-emptive rights as an issue of new Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares.
Pre-emptive rights may be limited or excluded by a resolution of the General Meeting upon the proposal of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board, which proposal has been approved by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board is authorized to resolve, subject to the approval of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board, on the limitation or exclusion of the pre-emptive right if and to the extent the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board has been designated by the General Meeting, for a maximum period of five years.
Pursuant to a resolution adopted by the General Meeting on 14 May 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board has been authorized to, until 14 August 2021 and subject to approval of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board, limit or exclude pre-emptive rights (i) in relation to any issue of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and/or grant of rights to acquire Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares for general purposes up to a maximum of 14,408,958 Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares (or rights to acquire Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares), representing 10% of the total share capital of Just Eat Takeaway.com in issue as at 1 April 2020 and, further, (ii) in relation to any issue of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and/or grant of rights to acquire Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares in connection with or on the occasion of mergers, acquisitions and/or strategic alliances up to a maximum of 14,408,958 Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares (or rights to acquire Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares), representing 10% of the total share capital of Just Eat Takeaway.com in issue as at 1 April 2020. In addition, pursuant to a resolution adopted by the General Meeting on 7 October 2020 and in connection with the Transaction, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board has been authorized to, for a period of 18 months as from 7 October 2020 and subject to approval of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board, limit or exclude pre-emptive rights in relation to any issue of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares (or rights to acquire Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares) pursuant to the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares Authorization.
Transfer of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares
Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares can be transferred by a deed executed for that purpose and, save in the event that Just Eat Takeaway.com itself is a party to the transaction, written acknowledgement by Just Eat Takeaway.com of the transfer. Service of notice of the transfer deed or of a certified notarial copy or extract of that deed on Just Eat Takeaway.com is the equivalent of acknowledgement as stated in this paragraph.
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The transfer of rights a Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder holds with regard to Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares included in a giro depot (girodepot) or collective depot (verzameldepot) (both as referred to in the Dutch Act on Securities Transactions by Giro (Wet giraal effectenverkeer) (the “Wge”)) must take place in accordance with the provisions of the Wge.
There are no restrictions on the transferability of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares in the Articles.
Form of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares; Shareholders’ Register
Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares are issued in registered form (op naam) only. No share certificates (aandeelbewijzen) are or may be issued for Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares.
If requested, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board will provide a Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder, usufructuary or pledgee of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares with an extract from the register relating to his or her title to a Just Eat Takeaway.com Share free of charge. If the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares are encumbered with a right of usufruct (vruchtgebruik) or pledge (pandrecht), the extract will state to whom the rights referred to in Sections 2:88 and 2:89 of the Dutch Civil Code will fall to. The shareholders’ register is kept by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board.
The shareholders’ register of Just Eat Takeaway.com records the names and addresses of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders, the number of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares held, the date on which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares were acquired, the date of acknowledgement and/or service upon Just Eat Takeaway.com of the instrument of transfer, the amount paid on each Just Eat Takeaway.com Share and the date of registration in the shareholders’ register. In addition, each transfer or passing of ownership is registered in the shareholders’ register. The shareholders’ register also includes the names and addresses of natural persons and legal entities with a right of pledge (pandrecht) or a right of usufruct (vruchtgebruik) on those Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares.
For shares as referred to in the Wge, including the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, which belong to (i) a collective depot (verzameldepot) as referred to in the Wge, of which shares form part, as being kept by an intermediary as referred to in the Wge or (ii) a giro depot (girodepot) as referred to in the Wge, of which shares form part, as being kept by a central institute as referred to in the Wge, in case of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, Euroclear Nederland, the name and address of the intermediary or the central institute shall be entered in the shareholders’ register, stating the date on which those shares became part of such collective depot or giro depot, the date of acknowledgement by or giving of notice to, as well as the paid-up amount on each share.
Repurchase of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares
Just Eat Takeaway.com is permitted to acquire fully paid-up shares in its own capital at any time if no consideration is paid therefor.
Furthermore, subject to certain provisions of Dutch law and the Articles, Just Eat Takeaway.com is permitted to repurchase fully paid-up shares in its own share capital if (i) the portion of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s equity that exceeds the aggregate of the paid-up and called-up part of the share capital and the reserves that must be maintained pursuant to Dutch law or the Articles is at least equal to the aggregate purchase price paid in the repurchase and (ii) the aggregate nominal value of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares to be acquired, and of any Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares already held, by Just Eat Takeaway.com and its subsidiaries does not exceed one-half of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s issued capital.
Just Eat Takeaway.com may acquire Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares if and to the extent the General Meeting has authorized the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board for this purpose and with due observance of applicable statutory provisions. The authorization will only be valid for a specific period not exceeding 18 months. The resolution of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board to acquire fully paid-up Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares is subject to the approval of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board.
The above referred authorization of the General Meeting is not required if Just Eat Takeaway.com acquires Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares for the purpose of transferring those shares under an applicable employee stock purchase plan, to employees of Just Eat Takeaway.com or a group company of Just Eat Takeaway.com, provided those shares are quoted on the official list of any stock exchange.
Pursuant to a resolution adopted by the General Meeting on 14 May 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board may cause Just Eat Takeaway.com to repurchase a number of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares
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up to a maximum of 10% of the total share capital of Just Eat Takeaway.com in issue (excluding Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares held in treasury) at the date of any such repurchase, and provided that Just Eat Takeaway.com and its subsidiaries will not hold more than 10% of the issued share capital of Just Eat Takeaway.com, either through purchase on a stock exchange or otherwise.
The authorization will only be valid for a specific period not exceeding 18 months, ending on 14 November 2021. The resolution of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board to acquire fully-paid up Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares is subject to the approval of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board. The minimum price, excluding expenses, which Just Eat Takeaway.com may pay for each share to be repurchased shall be the nominal value of the shares (being EUR 0.04 per Just Eat Takeaway.com Share); the maximum price, excluding expenses, which Just Eat Takeaway.com may pay for each share to be repurchased shall be the higher of (i) an amount equal to 5% above the average market value for Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares for the five business days immediately preceding the day on which the share is contracted to be purchased; and (ii) the higher of the price of the last independent trade and the highest current independent purchase bid at the time on the trading venue on which the purchase is carried out.
Capital Reduction
The General Meeting, upon proposal of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board, which proposal has been approved by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board, may resolve to reduce the issued share capital by reducing the nominal value of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares through an amendment to the Articles or by canceling Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares. Only Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares held by Just Eat Takeaway.com can be cancelled.
Dividends and Other Distributions
General
Distributions of profit, meaning the net earnings after taxes shown by the adopted annual accounts, shall be made after the adoption of the annual accounts from which it appears that they are permitted, entirely without prejudice to any of the other provisions of the Articles.
Just Eat Takeaway.com may make distributions on Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares only to the extent that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders’ equity exceeds the sum of the paid-up and called-up part of the capital and the reserves which must be maintained under Dutch law.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board may determine, with the approval of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board, that all or part of the profit shall be added to the reserves.
The profit remaining after application of the immediately preceding above paragraph shall be at the disposal of the General Meeting. The General Meeting may resolve to carry it to the reserves or to distribute it among the holders of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares.
Interim dividends may be declared as provided in the Articles and may be distributed provided that an interim statement of assets and liabilities drawn up in accordance with the statutory requirements shows that Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders’ equity exceeds, by an amount at least equal to the amount of the interim dividend, the sum of the paid-up and called-up part of the capital and the reserves which must be maintained by Dutch law.
Subject to the other provisions of the Articles, the General Meeting may, on a proposal made by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board which proposal is approved by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board, resolve to make distributions to the holders of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares to the debit of one or several reserves which Just Eat Takeaway.com is not prohibited from distributing by virtue of Dutch law.
The tax legislation of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder's state of residence for tax purposes or other relevant jurisdictions and of the Netherlands may have an impact on the income received from the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares.
Dividend History
Just Eat Takeaway.com has never declared or distributed dividends to Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders.
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Manner and Time of Dividend Payments
Payment of any dividend in cash will in principle be made in euro. According to the Articles, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board may determine that distributions on Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares may be made payable in another currency. Any dividends that are paid to Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders through Euroclear Nederland, having its offices at Herengracht 459-469, 1017 BS Amsterdam, the Netherlands, or through CREST (in respect of holders of Just Eat Takeaway.com CDIs) will be automatically credited to the relevant Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders’ accounts without the need for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders to present documentation proving their ownership of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares.
Payment of dividends on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares in registered form (not held through Euroclear Nederland, but directly) will be made directly to the relevant Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder using the information contained in the shareholders’ register and records of Just Eat Takeaway.com.
According to the Articles, dividends shall be payable no later than 30 days after the date on which they have been declared, unless the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board determines another date.
Dividend Policy
Just Eat Takeaway.com intends to retain any future distributable profits to expand the growth and development of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s business and, therefore, does not anticipate paying any dividends to Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders in the foreseeable future.
Uncollected Dividends
A claim for any declared dividend and other distributions lapses five years and one day after the date on which those dividends or distributions became payable. Any dividend or distribution that is not collected within this period will be considered to have been forfeited to Just Eat Takeaway.com and shall be added to the reserves.
General Meeting
A General Meeting will be held at least once a year, no later than in June of each year. General Meetings are held in the Netherlands, in Amsterdam, Utrecht, Enschede or Haarlemmermeer.
Notice of a General Meeting will be given at least 42 days before the date of the meeting. The record date for a General Meeting will be the 28th day prior to the date of the meeting.
Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders (individually or collectively) representing at least 3% of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s issued share capital will be entitled to, subject to Dutch corporate law, include items on the agenda of any General Meeting. The request must be received by Just Eat Takeaway.com at the latest 60 days before the date of the General Meeting.
Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders (individually or collectively) representing at least 10% of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s issued share capital may request the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board or Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board to convene an Extraordinary General Meeting. Such request must be made in writing (which requirement is also fulfilled if the request is recorded electronically) and set out in detail the subjects which the applicants wish to be discussed. If neither the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board nor the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board has taken the necessary measures so that the General Meeting could be held within the statutory term, which given Just Eat Takeaway.com’s current listings is 8 weeks after such request, the applicants may convene a General Meeting themselves in case authorized so by the preliminary relief judge (voorzieningenrechter) upon their request.
Voting Rights and Quorum
Each Just Eat Takeaway.com Share confers the right to cast one vote at the General Meeting. Blank votes and invalid votes will be regarded as not having been cast.
No votes may be cast at a General Meeting in respect of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares that are held by Just Eat Takeaway.com or any of its subsidiaries.
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The voting right attached to Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares encumbered with a right of pledge or right of usufruct will vest in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder, unless at the creation of the pledge or right of usufruct the voting right was granted to the pledgee or the holder of the right of usufruct, respectively.
Resolutions proposed at General Meetings are adopted by an absolute majority of the votes cast without a quorum requirement being applicable, unless provided otherwise by law or the Articles.
Amendment to the Articles of Association
The Articles may be amended by the General Meeting upon the proposal of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board, which proposal has been approved by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board. The specific right in the Articles of Gribhold B.V. to make a binding nomination for one Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Director cannot be amended without the prior written consent of Gribhold B.V. until the date such right has lapsed.
If a proposal to amend the Articles is to be made at a General Meeting, the notice convening the General Meeting will state so. A copy of the proposal, including the verbatim text thereof, shall be deposited and kept available at Just Eat Takeaway.com’s office for inspection by, and will be made available free of charge to, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders and the persons having the rights conferred by Dutch law upon holders of depositary receipts issued with a company’s cooperation for shares in its capital, from the date on which notice of the General Meeting is given until the conclusion of the General Meeting.
Major Transactions and Dissolution
Resolutions of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board regarding significant changes in the identity or nature of Just Eat Takeaway.com or its business must be approved by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board and the General Meeting. Significant changes in the identity or nature of Just Eat Takeaway.com or its business include in any event:
(i)
transferring the business enterprise or practically the entire business enterprise to a third party;
(ii)
concluding or cancelling any long-lasting cooperation by Just Eat Takeaway.com or a Just Eat Takeaway.com subsidiary with any other legal person or company or as a fully liable general partner of a limited partnership or a general partnership, provided that the cooperation or the cancellation of that cooperation is of essential importance to Just Eat Takeaway.com; and
(iii)
acquiring or disposing of a participating interest in the capital of a company with a value of at least one-third of the sum of the assets according to the consolidated balance sheet with explanatory notes to that balance sheet according to the last adopted annual accounts of Just Eat Takeaway.com, by Just Eat Takeaway.com or any of its subsidiaries.
The resolution to dissolve Just Eat Takeaway.com may only be adopted by the General Meeting upon a proposal of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board, which proposal has been approved by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board. On the dissolution of Just Eat Takeaway.com, the liquidation shall be carried out by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board under the supervision of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board, unless otherwise resolved by the General Meeting. The balance remaining after satisfaction of Just Eat Takeaway.com's debts shall be, in accordance with the provisions of Section 2:23b BW, for the benefit of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders in proportion to the nominal value amount of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares held by each of them.
Material Dutch Tax Consequences
For a discussion that summarizes material Dutch tax consequences to U.S. holders related to the acquisition, ownership and disposition of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs and Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, see “Grubhub Proposal I: Adoption of the Merger Agreement—Material Dutch Tax Consequences” beginning on page 112 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Exchange Controls and Other Provisions Relating to Non-Dutch Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders
Under Dutch law, subject to the 1977 Sanction Act (Sanctiewet 1977) or otherwise by international sanctions, there are no exchange control restrictions on investments in, or payments on, Just Eat Takeaway.com
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Shares (except as to cash amounts). There are no special restrictions in the Articles or Dutch law that limit the right of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders, who are not citizens or residents of the Netherlands, to hold or vote on Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares.
Listing
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares are listed on Euronext Amsterdam under the trading symbol “TKWY” and on the London Stock Exchange under the trading symbol “JET.”
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DESCRIPTION OF JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM AMERICAN DEPOSITARY SHARES
American Depositary Shares
Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as depositary (the “depositary bank”), will register and deliver the American depositary shares (“ADSs”), also referred to as the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs. Each ADS will represent ownership of one-fifth of one Just Eat Takeaway.com Share, deposited with Deutsche Bank AG, Amsterdam Branch, as custodian for the depositary bank in the Netherlands (the “custodian”). Each ADS will also represent ownership of any other securities, cash or other property which may be held by the depositary bank (the deposited Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares together with any other securities, cash or other property held by the depositary bank, collectively, the “deposited securities”). The depositary bank’s corporate trust office at which the ADSs will be administered and its principal executive office is located at 60 Wall Street, New York, NY 10005, USA.
ADSs may be held either (A) directly (i) by having an American depositary receipt (“ ADR”), which is a certificate evidencing a specific number of ADSs, registered in the holder’s name, or (ii) by having uncertificated ADSs registered in the holder’s name in DRS (as defined below), or (B) indirectly by holding a security entitlement in ADSs through a broker or other financial institution that is a direct or indirect participant in DTC (as defined below). If ADSs are held directly, the holder is a registered ADS holder (an “ADS holder”). This description assumes that ADSs are being held directly. ADSs will be issued through DRS, unless an individual specifically requests certificated ADRs. If the ADSs are held indirectly, the procedures of the holder’s broker or other financial institution must be relied upon to assert the rights of ADS holders described in this section. Indirect holders should consult with their broker or financial institution to find out what those procedures are.
The Direct Registration System (“DRS”) is a system administered by The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) pursuant to which the depositary bank may register the ownership of uncertificated ADSs, which ownership shall be evidenced by periodic statements issued by the depositary bank to the ADS holders entitled thereto. Registered holders of uncertificated ADSs will receive statements from the depositary bank confirming their holdings.
As a holder of ADSs, Just Eat Takeaway.com will not treat you as a Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder, and you will not have direct shareholder rights. ADS holder rights will apply to you as a registered holder of ADSs. The depositary bank will hold, on your behalf, the shareholder rights attached to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying your ADSs. As a holder of ADSs you will be able to exercise the shareholder rights for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying your ADSs through the depositary bank only to the extent contemplated in the deposit agreement (as defined below), which sets out ADS holder rights as well as the rights and obligations of the depositary bank. To exercise any shareholder rights not contemplated in the deposit agreement you will, as a holder of ADSs, need to turn in your ADSs and withdraw the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying your ADSs to become a direct Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder, as further described in “—Withdrawal of Deposited Securities” beginning on page 279 of this proxy statement/prospectus. The deposit agreement, the ADSs and rights of ADS holders under the deposit agreement are governed by New York law; however, Dutch law governs rights of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders.
The ADSs will have been registered under the Securities Act under a separate registration statement on Form F-6 as of the time of effectiveness of the registration statement filed on Form F-4 of which this proxy statement/prospectus forms a part. Previously, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares traded in the form of unsponsored ADSs in the United States. Such unsponsored ADSs, which traded over the counter and represented ownership of one-tenth of one Just Eat Takeaway.com Share, will have been transferred to a Level I sponsored ADS program as of the time of effectiveness of the registration statement filed on Form F-4 of which this proxy statement/prospectus forms a part. As a result, the registration statement on Form F-6 will initially provide for ADSs representing ownership of one-tenth of one Just Eat Takeaway.com Share in order to facilitate transfer of the unsponsored ADSs and underlying deposited securities into the Level I sponsored ADS program and, in advance of Completion, the amount of deposited securities represented by one ADS will be amended such that each ADS registered pursuant to such registration statement on Form F-6 will represent ownership of one-fifth of one Just Eat Takeaway.com Share, to reflect the ratio of ADSs to Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares contemplated by the Merger Agreement.
The following is a summary of the material terms of the ADSs and the material rights of holders of ADSs, as well as the material provisions of the deposit agreement that will be entered into by Just Eat Takeaway.com
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and the depositary bank prior to Completion (the “deposit agreement”). Each ADS holder and each beneficial owner will, upon acceptances of any ADSs (or any interest therein) issued in accordance with the deposit agreement, be deemed to have entered into the deposit agreement. Summaries by their nature lack the precision of the information summarized, and the rights and obligations of a holder of ADSs will be determined by reference to the terms of the deposit agreement and not by this summary. For more complete information, we urge you to review the form of deposit agreement and the form of ADR in their entirety. For directions on how to obtain copies of those documents, see “Where You Can Find More Information” beginning on page 320 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Deposit, Withdrawal and Cancellation
Issuance of ADSs
The depositary bank will deliver ADSs if Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or evidence of rights to receive Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares are deposited with the custodian. Upon receipt of notice from the custodian of such a deposit, and payment of its fees and expenses and of any taxes or charges, such as stamp taxes or stock transfer taxes or fees, the depositary bank will register the appropriate number of ADSs in the names requested and will deliver the ADSs to or upon the order of the person or persons entitled thereto.
Withdrawal of Deposited Securities
ADS holders may turn in their ADSs at the depositary bank’s corporate trust office. Upon payment of its fees and expenses and of any taxes or governmental charges, such as stamp taxes or stock transfer taxes or fees, the depositary bank will deliver the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and any other deposited securities underlying the ADSs to the ADS holder or a person they designate at the office of the custodian. Or, at an ADS holder’s request, risk and expense, the depositary bank will deliver the deposited securities at its corporate trust office, to the extent permitted by law. In the case of surrendered ADSs representing other than a whole number of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, the depositary bank will cause ownership of the appropriate whole number of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares to be delivered and will, at its discretion, either issue and deliver ADSs representing any remaining fractional Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, or sell or cause to be sold the fractional Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares represented by the ADSs surrendered and remit to the ADS holder the proceeds of such sale net of applicable fees, charges and expenses and taxes and/or governmental charges.
Exchanges between Certificated ADSs and Uncertificated ADSs
ADS holders may surrender their ADR to the depositary bank for the purpose of exchanging their ADR for uncertificated ADSs. The depositary bank will cancel that ADR and will send the ADS holder a statement confirming that they are the registered holder of uncertificated ADSs. Alternatively, upon receipt by the depositary bank of a proper instruction from a registered holder of uncertificated ADSs requesting the exchange of uncertificated ADSs for certificated ADSs, the depositary bank will execute and deliver to the ADS holder an ADR evidencing those ADSs.
Voting Rights
ADS holders may instruct the depositary bank to vote the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or other deposited securities underlying their ADSs at any meeting at which holders of deposited securities are entitled to vote pursuant to any applicable law, the provisions of the Articles, and the provisions of any instrument governing, or setting forth the rights of holders of, deposited securities. However, ADS holders may not know about the meeting sufficiently enough in advance to deliver voting instructions or, alternatively, withdraw the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or other deposited securities in time to ensure that they can exercise voting rights attaching to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or other deposited securities. Otherwise, ADS holders could exercise voting rights directly if they withdraw, and directly hold, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or other deposited securities. For more information on the voting rights of holders of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, see “Description of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares—Voting Rights and Quorum” beginning on page 275 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
On or before the first date on which Just Eat Takeaway.com gives notice of any meeting of holders of deposited securities, or of any adjourned meeting of such holders, or of the taking of any action by such holders other than at a meeting, or of the taking of any action in respect of any cash or other distributions or the offering
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of any rights in respect of deposited securities, Just Eat Takeaway.com will transmit to the depositary bank and the custodian a copy of the notice thereof in English but otherwise in the form given or to be given to holders of deposited securities. As soon as practicable after receipt of notice of any meeting at which the holders of deposited securities are entitled to vote, or of solicitation of consents or proxies from holders of deposited securities, the depositary bank will fix a record date (the “ADS record date”) in respect of such meeting or such solicitation of consents or proxies. The ADS record date will be set as close as practicable to the record date fixed by Just Eat Takeaway.com with respect to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares (if applicable) and will apply for the determination of the ADS holders who will be entitled to give voting instructions for any such meeting, give or withhold such consent, receive such notice or solicitation or to otherwise take action or to exercise the rights of ADS holders.
If requested by Just Eat Takeaway.com, and upon timely notice from Just Eat Takeaway.com to the depositary bank, the depositary bank will notify ADS holders of the upcoming meeting at which the holders of deposited securities are entitled to vote pursuant to any applicable law, the provisions of the Articles, and the provisions of any instrument governing, or setting forth the rights of holders of, deposited securities, and arrange to deliver the Just Eat Takeaway.com voting materials to ADS holders. The materials will include or reproduce (a) such notice of meeting or solicitation of consents or proxies; (b) a statement that the ADS holders as of the close of business on the ADS record date will be entitled, subject to any applicable law, the provisions of the Articles, and the provisions of any instrument governing, or setting forth the rights of holders of, deposited securities, to instruct the depositary bank as to the exercise of the voting rights, if any, pertaining to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or other deposited securities represented by such holder’s ADSs; and (c) a brief statement as to the manner in which such instructions may be given to the depositary bank (or deemed given in accordance with the second to last sentence of this paragraph if no instruction is received by the depositary bank), including, solely to the extent the depositary bank has been provided timely notice of the proposed meeting or vote, an express indication that instructions may be given (or be deemed to have been given in accordance with the second to last sentence of this paragraph if no instruction is received) to the depositary bank to give a discretionary proxy to a person or persons designated by Just Eat Takeaway.com. Subject to any applicable law, the deposit agreement, the provisions of the Articles, and the provisions of any instrument governing, or setting forth the rights of holders of, deposited securities, voting instructions may be given by an ADS holder as of the applicable ADS record date as to the exercise of the voting rights, if any, pertaining to the deposited securities underlying such holder’s ADSs. For instructions to be valid, the depositary bank must receive them in writing on or before the date specified in the materials. Upon the timely receipt of voting instructions of an ADS holder as of the applicable ADS record date, the depositary bank will try, as far as practicable and permitted under applicable law, the deposit agreement, the provisions of the Articles and the provisions of any instrument governing, or setting forth the rights of holders of, deposited securities, to vote or cause the custodian to vote the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or other deposited securities (in person or by proxy) in accordance with such voting instructions; provided that the depositary bank may aggregate voting instructions in respect of any particular matter and will vote, or cause the custodian to vote, deposited securities (in person or by proxy) in accordance with voting instructions timely received from all ADS holders as of the ADS record date to the extent that such voting instructions, in aggregate, are with respect to a number of ADSs representing an integral number of deposited securities and, only to the extent that such voting instructions, in aggregate, are with respect to a number of ADSs which do not represent an integral number of deposited securities, will disregard such voting instructions.
There can be no assurance that an ADS holder will receive the voting materials in time to ensure that they can instruct the depositary bank to vote the deposited securities underlying their ADSs. In addition, there can be no assurance that ADS holders and beneficial owners generally, or any holder or beneficial owner in particular, will be given the opportunity to vote or cause the custodian to vote on the same terms and conditions as the holders of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or other deposited securities. If (a) Just Eat Takeaway.com timely requests the depositary bank to solicit ADS holders’ instructions but no instructions are received by the depositary bank from an ADS holder with respect to any of the deposited securities represented by the ADSs of that ADS holder on or before the date established by the depositary bank for such purpose or (b) the depositary bank timely receives voting instructions from an ADS holder which fail to specify the manner in which the depositary bank is to vote the deposited securities represented by such ADS holder’s ADSs, the depositary bank shall (unless otherwise specified in the notice distributed to ADS holders) deem that ADS holder to have instructed the depositary bank to give a discretionary proxy to a person designated by Just Eat Takeaway.com
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with respect to such deposited securities. In such event, the depositary bank shall give a discretionary proxy to such person designated by Just Eat Takeaway.com to vote such deposited securities. However, no such instruction shall be deemed given and no such discretionary proxy shall be given with respect to any matter if Just Eat Takeaway.com informs the depositary bank that Just Eat Takeaway.com does not wish to give such discretionary proxy, Just Eat Takeaway.com is aware or should reasonably be aware that substantial opposition exists from Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders against the outcome for which the person designated by Just Eat Takeaway.com would otherwise vote or the outcome for which such person designated by Just Eat Takeaway.com would otherwise vote would materially and adversely affect the rights of holders of deposited securities.
In the event that voting on any resolution or matter is conducted on a show of hands basis in accordance with the Articles, the depositary bank will refrain from voting and the voting instructions (or deemed voting instructions) received by the depositary bank from ADS holders will lapse.
The depositary bank and its agents are not responsible for failing to carry out voting instructions or for the manner of carrying out voting instructions. This means that ADS holders may not be able to vote and may have no recourse if the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying their ADSs are not voted as they requested.
In order to give ADS holders a reasonable opportunity to instruct the depositary bank as to voting relating to deposited securities, if Just Eat Takeaway.com requests the depositary bank to act, Just Eat Takeaway.com will give the depositary bank notice of any such meeting and details concerning the matters to be voted at least 30  days in advance of the meeting date.
Dividends and Other Distributions
The depositary bank has agreed to pay to ADS holders the cash dividends or other distributions it or the custodian receives, if any, on Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or other deposited securities, upon payment or deduction of its fees and expenses. ADS holders will receive these distributions in proportion to the number of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares their ADSs represent as of the ADS record date set by the depositary bank, which will be as close as practicable to the record date for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares.
Cash. The depositary bank will convert or cause to be converted any cash dividend or other cash distribution Just Eat Takeaway.com pays on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or any net proceeds from the sale of any Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, rights, securities or other entitlements under the terms of the deposit agreement into U.S. dollars if it can, in its judgment, do so on a practicable basis, and can transfer the U.S. dollars to the United States and will distribute promptly the amount thus received. If the depositary bank shall determine in its judgment that such conversions or transfers are not reasonably practicable or lawful or if any government approval or license is needed and cannot be obtained at a reasonable cost within a reasonable period or otherwise sought, the deposit agreement allows the depositary bank to distribute the foreign currency only to those ADS holders to whom it is possible to do so. It will hold the foreign currency it cannot convert for the account of the ADS holders who have not been paid for the respective accounts of the ADS holders. It will not invest the foreign currency and it will not be liable for any interest for the respective accounts of the ADS holders. Before making a distribution, any taxes or other governmental charges, together with fees and expenses of the depositary bank, that must be paid will be deducted. See “—Payment of Taxes” beginning on page 284 of this proxy statement/prospectus. The depositary bank will distribute only whole U.S. dollars and cents and will round down fractional cents to the nearest whole cent. If the exchange rates fluctuate during a time when the depositary bank cannot convert the foreign currency, ADS holders may lose some or all of the value of the distribution.
Shares. For any Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares distributed as a dividend or distribution-in-kind, either (1) the depositary bank will distribute additional ADSs representing such Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or (2) existing ADSs as of the applicable record date will represent rights and interests in the additional Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares distributed, to the extent reasonably practicable and permissible under law, in either case, net of applicable fees, charges and expenses incurred by the depositary bank and taxes and/or governmental charges. The depositary bank will only distribute whole ADSs. It will try to sell Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares which would require it to deliver fractional ADSs and distribute the net proceeds in the same way as it does with cash. The depositary bank may sell a portion of the distributed Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares sufficient to pay its fees and expenses, and any taxes and governmental charges, in connection with that distribution.
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Elective Distributions in Cash or Shares. If Just Eat Takeaway.com offers the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders the option to receive dividends in either cash or additional Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, the depositary bank, after consultation with Just Eat Takeaway.com and having received timely notice as described in the deposit agreement of such elective distribution by Just Eat Takeaway.com, has discretion to determine to what extent such elective distribution will be made available to ADS holders. Just Eat Takeaway.com must timely first instruct the depositary bank to make such elective distribution available to ADS holders and furnish it with satisfactory documentation under the terms of the deposit agreement and the depositary bank must have determined that such distribution is lawful and reasonably practicable. The depositary bank could determine that it is not legal or reasonably practicable to make such elective distribution available to ADS holders. In such case, the depositary bank shall, on the basis of the same determination as is made in respect of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares for which no election is made, distribute either cash in the same way as it does in a cash distribution, or additional ADSs representing Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares in the same way as it does in a share distribution. The depositary bank is not obligated to make available to ADS holders a method to receive the elective dividend in Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares rather than in ADSs. There can be no assurance that ADS holders will be given the opportunity to receive elective distributions on the same terms and conditions as the holders of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares.
Rights to Purchase Additional Shares. If Just Eat Takeaway.com offers Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders any rights to subscribe for additional Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, the depositary bank shall having received timely notice as described in the deposit agreement of such distribution by Just Eat Takeaway.com, consult with Just Eat Takeaway.com to determine, and Just Eat Takeaway.com must determine, whether it is lawful and reasonably practicable to make these rights available to ADS holders. Just Eat Takeaway.com must first instruct the depositary bank to make such rights available to ADS holders and furnish the depositary bank with satisfactory evidence that it is legal to do so. If the depositary bank determines, following consultation with Just Eat Takeaway.com, that it is not legal or reasonably practicable to make the rights available but that it is lawful and reasonably practicable to sell the rights, the depositary bank will endeavor to sell the rights in a riskless principal capacity or otherwise, at such place and upon such terms (including public or private sale) as it may deem proper and will distribute the net proceeds in the same way as it does with cash.
The depositary bank will allow rights that are not able to be distributed or sold to lapse. In that case, ADS holders will receive no value for them.
If the depositary bank makes rights available to ADS holders, it will establish procedures to distribute such rights and enable ADS holders to exercise the rights upon their payment of applicable fees, charges and expenses incurred by the depositary bank and taxes and/or other governmental charges. The depositary bank shall not be obliged to make available to ADS holders a method to exercise such rights to subscribe for Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares (rather than ADSs).
U.S. securities laws may restrict the ability of the depositary bank to distribute rights or ADSs or other securities issued on exercise of rights to all or certain ADS holders, and the securities distributed may be subject to restrictions on transfer.
There can be no assurance that ADS holders will be given the opportunity to exercise rights on the same terms and conditions as the holders of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or be able to exercise such rights.
Other Distributions. Subject to receipt of timely notice, as described in the deposit agreement, from Just Eat Takeaway.com with the request to make any distribution other than cash, Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or rights to purchase additional Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares available to ADS holders, and provided the depositary bank has determined that such distribution is lawful and reasonably practicable, the depositary bank will, upon receipt of satisfactory documentation, distribute to ADS holders anything else that Just Eat Takeaway.com distributes on deposited securities in such manner as it may deem practicable, upon payment of applicable fees, charges and expenses incurred by the depositary bank and net of any taxes and/or other governmental charges. If any of the conditions above are not met, the depositary bank will endeavor to sell, or cause to be sold, what Just Eat Takeaway.com distributed and distribute the net proceeds in the same way as it does with cash; or, if it
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is unable to sell such property, the depositary bank may dispose of such property in any way it deems reasonably practicable under the circumstances for nominal or no consideration, such that ADS holders may have no rights to or arising from such property.
The depositary bank is not responsible if it decides that it is unlawful or impractical to make a distribution available to any ADS holders. Just Eat Takeaway.com has no obligation to register additional ADSs, shares, rights or other securities under the Securities Act. Just Eat Takeaway.com also has no obligation to take any other action to permit the distribution of ADSs, shares, rights or anything else to ADS holders. This means that ADS holders may not receive the distributions that Just Eat Takeaway.com makes on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or any value for them if Just Eat Takeaway.com and/or the depositary bank determines that it is illegal or not practicable for Just Eat Takeaway.com or the depositary bank to make them available to ADS holders.
Fees and Expenses
ADS holders will be required to pay the following service fees to the depositary bank and certain taxes and governmental charges (in addition to any applicable fees, expenses, taxes and other governmental charges payable on the deposited securities represented by any of their ADSs):
Service
Fees
To any person to which ADSs are issued or to any person to which a distribution is made in respect of ADS distributions pursuant to stock dividends or other distributions-in-kind of stock, bonus distributions, stock splits or other distributions (except where converted to cash)
Up to $0.05 per ADS issued
Surrender or cancellation of ADSs, including the case of termination of the deposit agreement
Up to $0.05 per ADS surrendered or cancelled
Distribution of cash dividends
Up to $0.05 per ADS held
Distribution of cash entitlements (other than cash dividends) and/or cash proceeds from the sale of rights, securities and other entitlements
Up to $0.05 per ADS held
Distribution of ADSs pursuant to exercise of rights
Up to $0.05 per ADS held
Depositary services
Up to $0.05 per ADS held on the applicable record date(s) established by the depositary bank
ADS holders will also be responsible for paying certain fees and expenses incurred by the depositary bank and certain taxes and governmental charges (in addition to any applicable fees, expenses, taxes and other governmental charges payable on the deposited securities represented by any of their ADSs) such as:
Registration fees as may from time to time be in effect for the registration of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or other deposited securities with the registrar for Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and applicable to transfers of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or other deposited securities to or from the name of the custodian, the depositary bank or any nominees upon the making of deposits and withdrawals.
Expenses for cable, telex and fax transmissions and for delivery of securities.
Expenses incurred for converting foreign currency into U.S. dollars.
Fees and expenses incurred in connection with complying with exchange control regulations and other regulatory requirements applicable to ordinary shares, deposited securities, ADSs and ADRs
Fees and expenses incurred in connection with the delivery or servicing of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares on deposit.
Taxes and duties upon the transfer of securities, including any applicable stamp duties, any stock transfer charges or withholding taxes (i.e., when ordinary shares are deposited or withdrawn from deposit).
Any additional applicable fees and penalties incurred by the depositary bank or its affiliates from time to time.
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The depositary fees payable upon the issuance and cancellation of ADSs are typically paid to the depositary bank directly by the ADS holder receiving the newly issued ADSs from the depositary bank and by the ADS holder delivering the ADSs to the depositary bank for cancellation. Depositary fees payable in connection with distributions of cash or securities to ADS holders and the depositary services fee are charged by the depositary bank to the holders of record of ADSs as of the applicable ADS record date.
The depositary fees payable for cash distributions are generally deducted from the cash being distributed or by selling a portion of distributable property to pay the fees. In the case of distributions other than cash (i.e., share dividends, rights), the depositary bank may charge the applicable fee to the ADS record date holders concurrent with the distribution. In the case of ADSs registered in the name of the investor (whether certificated or uncertificated in direct registration), the depositary bank may send invoices to the applicable record date ADS holders. In the case of ADSs held in brokerage and custodian accounts (via DTC), the depositary bank generally collects its fees through the systems provided by DTC (whose nominee is the registered holder of the ADSs held in DTC) from the brokers and custodians holding ADSs in their DTC accounts. The brokers and custodians who hold their clients’ ADSs in DTC accounts in turn charge their clients’ accounts the amount of the fees paid to the depositary banks.
The depositary bank may convert currency itself or through any of its affiliates and, in those cases, acts as principal for its own account and not as agent, advisor, broker or fiduciary on behalf of any other person and earns revenue, including, without limitation, transaction spreads, that it will retain for its own account. The revenue is based on, among other things, the difference between the exchange rate assigned to the currency conversion made under the deposit agreement and the rate that the depositary bank or its affiliate receives when buying or selling foreign currency for its own account. The depositary bank makes no representation that the exchange rate used or obtained in any currency conversion under the deposit agreement will be the most favorable rate that could be obtained at the time or that the method by which that rate will be determined will be the most favorable to ADS holders, subject to the depositary bank’s obligations under the deposit agreement.
The depositary bank may make payments to Just Eat Takeaway.com and/or may share revenue with Just Eat Takeaway.com derived from fees collected from ADS holders and beneficial owners, upon such terms and conditions as Just Eat Takeaway.com and the depositary bank may agree from time to time.
Payment of Taxes
ADS holders will be responsible for any taxes or other governmental charges payable, or which become payable, on their ADSs or on the deposited securities represented by any of their ADSs. The depositary bank may refuse to register or transfer ADSs or allow an ADS holder to withdraw the deposited securities represented by their ADSs until such taxes or other charges are paid. It may apply payments owed to an ADS holder or sell deposited securities represented by their ADSs to pay any taxes owed and such ADS holder will remain liable for any deficiency. If the depositary bank sells deposited securities, it will, if appropriate, reduce the number of ADSs to reflect the sale and pay to the ADS holder any net proceeds, or send to the ADS holder any property, remaining after it has paid the taxes. ADS holders agree to indemnify Just Eat Takeaway.com, the depositary bank, the custodian and each of their respective agents, directors, employees and affiliates for, and hold each of them harmless from, any claims with respect to taxes (including applicable interest and penalties thereon) arising from any refund of taxes, reduced rate of withholding at source or other tax benefit obtained for the ADS holder. ADS holders’ obligations under this paragraph shall survive any transfer of ADRs, any surrender of ADRs and withdrawal of deposited securities or the termination of the deposit agreement.
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Reclassifications, Recapitalizations and Mergers
If Just Eat Takeaway.com:
Then:
Changes the nominal or par value of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares
The cash, shares or other securities received by the depositary bank will become deposited securities.
 
 
Reclassifies, splits up or consolidates any of the deposited securities
Each ADS will automatically represent its equal share of the new deposited securities.
 
 
Distributes securities on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares that are not distributed to ADS holders, or recapitalizes, reorganizes, merges, liquidates, sells all or substantially all of its assets, or takes any similar action
The depositary bank may distribute some or all of the cash, shares or other securities it received. It may also deliver new ADSs or ask ADS holders to surrender their outstanding ADRs in exchange for new ADRs identifying the new deposited securities.
Amendment and Termination
Amendments to the Deposit Agreement
Just Eat Takeaway.com may agree with the depositary bank to amend the deposit agreement and the form of ADR without consent of the ADS holders for any reason. If an amendment adds or increases fees or charges, except for taxes and other governmental charges or expenses of the depositary bank for registration fees, facsimile costs, delivery charges or similar items, including expenses incurred in connection with foreign exchange control regulations and other charges specifically payable by ADS holders under the deposit agreement, or materially prejudices a substantial existing right of ADS holders, it will not become effective for outstanding ADSs until 30 days after the depositary bank notifies ADS holders of the amendment. At the time an amendment becomes effective, ADS holders are considered, by continuing to hold their ADSs, to agree to the amendment and to be bound by the ADRs and the deposit agreement as amended. If any new laws are adopted which would require the deposit agreement to be amended in order to comply therewith, Just Eat Takeaway.com and the depositary bank may amend the deposit agreement in accordance with such laws and such amendment may become effective before notice thereof is given to ADS holders.
Termination of the Deposit Agreement
The depositary bank will terminate the deposit agreement if Just Eat Takeaway.com asks it to do so, in which case the depositary bank will give notice ADS holders at least 90 days prior to termination. The depositary bank may also terminate the deposit agreement if 90 days have expired after either the depositary bank has told Just Eat Takeaway.com that it has elected to resign or Just Eat Takeaway.com has delivered notice to the depositary bank of its removal, and in either case Just Eat Takeaway.com has not appointed a new depositary bank, and in either such case subject to the depositary bank having notified ADS holders at least 30 days before the date of termination.
After termination, the depositary bank and its agents will do the following under the deposit agreement but nothing else: collect dividends and other distributions on the deposited securities, sell rights and other property and deliver Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and other deposited securities upon cancellation of ADSs after payment of any fees, charges, taxes or other governmental charges. Six months or more after the date of termination, the depositary bank may sell any remaining deposited securities by public or private sale. After that, the depositary bank will hold the money it received on the sale, as well as any other cash it is holding under the deposit agreement for the pro rata benefit of the ADS holders that have not surrendered their ADSs. It will not invest the money and has no liability for interest. After such sale, the depositary bank’s only obligations will be to account for the money and other cash. After termination, Just Eat Takeaway.com shall be discharged from all obligations under the deposit agreement except for its obligations to the depositary bank thereunder.
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Limitations on Obligations and Liability
The deposit agreement expressly limits Just Eat Takeaway.com’s obligations and the obligations of the depositary bank and the custodian. It also limits Just Eat Takeaway.com’s liability and the liability of the depositary bank. The depositary bank, the custodian and Just Eat Takeaway.com:
are only obligated to take the actions specifically set forth in the deposit agreement without gross negligence or willful misconduct;
are not liable if any of them or their respective controlling persons or agents are prevented or forbidden from, or subjected to any civil or criminal penalty or restraint on account of, or delayed in, doing or performing any act or thing required by the terms of the deposit agreement, by reason of any provision of any present or future law or regulation of the United States or any state thereof, the Netherlands or any other country, or of any other governmental authority or regulatory authority or stock exchange, or on account of the possible criminal or civil penalties or restraint, or by reason of any provision, present or future, of the Articles or any provision of or governing any deposited securities, or by reason of any act of God or war or other circumstances beyond its control (including, without limitation, nationalization, expropriation, currency restrictions, work stoppage, strikes, civil unrest, revolutions, rebellions, explosions and computer failure);
are not liable by reason of any exercise of, or failure to exercise, any discretion provided for in the deposit agreement or in the Articles or provisions of any instrument governing, or setting forth the rights of holders of, deposited securities;
are not liable for any action or inaction of the depositary bank, the custodian or Just Eat Takeaway.com or their respective controlling persons or agents in reliance upon the advice of or information from legal counsel, any person presenting Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares for deposit or any other person believed by it in good faith to be competent to give such advice or information;
are not liable for the inability of any ADS holder or beneficial owner to benefit from any distribution on deposited securities that is not made available to ADS holders under the terms of the deposit agreement;
are not liable for any special, consequential, indirect or punitive damages for any breach of the terms of the deposit agreement or otherwise;
may rely upon, and are protected in acting upon, any documents they believe in good faith to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party;
disclaim any liability for any action or inaction or inaction of any of them or their respective controlling persons or agents in reliance upon the advice of or information from legal counsel, accountants, any person presenting Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares for deposit, ADS holders, beneficial owners or authorized representatives thereof, or any other person believed in good faith to be competent to give such advice or information; and
disclaim any liability for inability of any holder to benefit from any distribution, offering, right or other benefit made available to holders of deposited securities but not made available to holders of ADS.
The depositary bank and any of its agents also disclaim any liability for (i) any failure to carry out any instructions to vote, (ii) the manner in which any vote is cast or the effect of any vote, (iii) any failure to determine that any distribution or action may be lawful or reasonably practicable, (iv) allowing any rights to lapse in accordance with the provisions of the deposit agreement, (v) the failure or timeliness of any notice from Just Eat Takeaway.com, (vi) the content of any information submitted to it by Just Eat Takeaway.com for distribution to ADS holders or for any inaccuracy of any translation thereof, (vii) any investment risk associated with the acquisition of an interest in the deposited securities, the validity or worth of the deposited securities or the credit-worthiness of any third party, (viii) any tax consequences that may result from ownership of ADSs, Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or deposited securities, or (ix) any acts or omissions made by a successor depositary bank whether in connection with a previous act or omission of the depositary bank or in connection with any matter arising wholly after the removal or resignation of the depositary bank, provided that in connection with the issue out of which such potential liability arises the depositary bank performed its obligations without gross negligence or willful misconduct while it acted as the depositary bank.
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Pursuant to the deposit agreement, Just Eat Takeaway.com and the depositary bank agree to indemnify each other under certain circumstances.
Requirements for Depositary Bank Actions
Before the depositary bank will issue, deliver or register a transfer of an ADS, split-up, subdivide or combine ADSs, make a distribution on an ADS, or permit withdrawal of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, the depositary bank may require:
payment of stock transfer or other taxes or other governmental charges and transfer or registration fees charged by third parties for the transfer of any Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or other deposited securities and payment of the applicable fees, expenses and charges of the depositary bank;
satisfactory proof of the identity and genuineness of any signature or any other matters contemplated in the deposit agreement; and
compliance with (A) any laws or governmental regulations relating to the execution and delivery of ADRs or ADSs or to the withdrawal or delivery of deposited securities and (B) such reasonable regulations and procedures as the depositary bank may establish, from time to time, consistent with the deposit agreement and applicable laws.
The depositary bank may refuse to issue and deliver ADSs or register transfers of ADSs generally when the register of the depositary bank or Just Eat Takeaway.com’s transfer books are closed or at any time if the depositary bank or Just Eat Takeaway.com determines in good faith that it is necessary or advisable to do so.
The depositary bank shall not knowingly accept for deposit under the deposit agreement any Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or other deposited securities required to be registered under the provisions of the Securities Act, unless a registration statement is in effect as to such Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares.
Right to Receive the Shares Underlying ADSs
ADS holders have the right to cancel their ADSs and withdraw the underlying Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares at any time except:
when temporary delays arise because: (1) the depositary bank has closed its transfer books or Just Eat Takeaway.com has closed its transfer books; (2) the transfer of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares is blocked to permit voting at a shareholders’ meeting; or (3) Just Eat Takeaway.com is paying a dividend on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares;
when they owe money to pay fees; taxes and similar charges; or
when it is necessary to prohibit withdrawals in order to comply with any laws or governmental regulations that apply to ADSs or to the withdrawal of ordinary shares or other deposited securities.
This right of withdrawal may not be limited by any other provision of the deposit agreement.
Direct Registration System
In the deposit agreement, all parties to the deposit agreement acknowledge that the DRS and Profile Modification System (“Profile”), will apply to uncertificated ADSs upon acceptance thereof to DRS by DTC. DRS is the system administered by DTC pursuant to which the depositary bank may register the ownership of uncertificated ADSs, which ownership shall be evidenced by periodic statements issued by the depositary bank to the ADS holders entitled thereto. Profile is a required feature of DRS which allows a DTC participant, claiming to act on behalf of an ADS holder, to direct the depositary bank to register a transfer of those ADSs to DTC or its nominee and to deliver those ADSs to the DTC account of that DTC participant without receipt by the depositary bank of prior authorization from the ADS holder to register such transfer.
Information Requests
Each ADS holder and beneficial owner shall (a) provide such information as Just Eat Takeaway.com or the depositary bank may request pursuant to law, including, without limitation, relevant laws of the Netherlands, any applicable law of the United States of America, the Articles, any resolutions of the Just Eat Takeaway.com
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Management Board or the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board adopted pursuant to the Articles, the requirements of any markets or exchanges upon which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, ADSs or ADRs are listed or traded, or to any requirements of any electronic book-entry system by which the ADSs or ADRs may be transferred, regarding the capacity in which they own or owned ADRs, (b) be bound by and subject to applicable provisions of Dutch law, the Articles, and the requirements of any markets or exchanges upon which the ADSs, ADRs or Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares are listed or traded, or pursuant to any requirements of any electronic book-entry system by which the ADSs, ADRs or Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares may be transferred, to the same extent as if such ADS holder or beneficial owner held Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares directly, in each case irrespective of whether or not they are ADS holders or beneficial owners at the time such request is made, and, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, (c) comply with all applicable provisions of Dutch law, the rules and requirements of any stock exchange on which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares are, or will be registered, traded or listed and the Articles regarding any such ADS holder or beneficial owner’s interest in Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and/or the disclosure of interests therein.
Books of Depositary Bank
The depositary bank will maintain facilities in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York for the execution and delivery, registration, registration of transfers, combination and split-up of ADRs. The depositary bank will maintain books for the registration of ADRs and transfers of ADRs at its depositary office. ADS holders may inspect such records at such office during regular business hours but solely for the purpose of communicating with other holders in the interest of business matters relating to the Company, the ADRs and the deposit agreement.
These depositary bank may close the transfer books with respect to ADRs at any time or from time to time when such action is deemed necessary or advisable by the depositary bank in connection with the performance of its duties under the deposit agreement or at Just Eat Takeaway.com’s reasonable written request.
Jurisdiction and Arbitration
The laws of the State of New York govern the deposit agreement and the ADSs and Just Eat Takeaway.com has agreed with the depositary bank that the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (or, if the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York lacks subject matter jurisdiction over a particular dispute, the state courts in the City of New York) shall have exclusive jurisdiction to hear and determine any dispute arising out of or in connection with the deposit agreement, including claims under the Securities Act, and that the depositary bank will have the right to refer any claim or dispute arising from the relationship created by the deposit agreement to arbitration in accordance with the Commercial Arbitration Rules of the American Arbitration Association then in force. The arbitration provisions of the deposit agreement do not preclude ADS holders from pursuing claims under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act in federal courts.
Jury Trial Waiver
The deposit agreement provides that each party to the deposit agreement (including each ADS holder, beneficial owner and holder of interests in the ADRs) irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any right it may have to a trial by jury in any lawsuit or proceeding against Just Eat Takeaway.com or the depositary bank arising out of or relating to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or other deposited securities, the ADSs or ADRs, the deposit agreement or any transaction contemplated therein, including any claim under the U.S. federal securities laws. If you or any other holders or beneficial owners of ADSs, including purchasers of ADSs in secondary market transactions, were to bring a claim against Just Eat Takeaway.com or the depositary bank in connection with matters arising under the deposit agreement or the ADSs, including claims under federal securities laws, and Just Eat Takeaway.com or the depositary bank were to oppose a jury trial demand based on the waiver, the court would determine whether the waiver was enforceable based on the facts and circumstances of that case in accordance with the applicable law and such claim may be heard only by a judge or justice of the applicable trial court.
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COMPARISON OF SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS
Just Eat Takeaway.com is a public company with limited liability (naamloze vennootschap) incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands. Grubhub is a Delaware corporation, subject to Delaware law, including the provisions of the DGCL. If the mergers are completed, each Grubhub Share will automatically be converted into the right to receive the merger consideration, consisting of a number of New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs representing 0.6710 of a New Just Eat Takeaway.com Share. As a result, Grubhub Stockholders who become Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders will have their rights as shareholders governed by, among other things, the laws of the Netherlands and the Articles, which differ from Delaware law and the Grubhub certificate of incorporation and the Grubhub bylaws.
Set forth below are the material differences between the rights of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder under the Articles and the BW, on the one hand, and the rights of a Grubhub Stockholder under the Grubhub certificate of incorporation, the Grubhub bylaws and the DGCL, on the other hand. This overview also includes a limited description of certain provisions of the Listing Rules and the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules for informational purposes only, but does not purport to be a complete summary of the Listing Rules or the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules. This overview does not reflect any temporary COVID-19 related rules or regulations.
The following summary does not, other than a limited description of certain provisions of the Listing Rules and the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules as mentioned above, reflect any rules that may apply to Just Eat Takeaway.com or Grubhub based on their respective shares’ listing venue in connection with the matters discussed, nor certain agreements unless expressly stated. As such, the rules of Nasdaq, Euronext Amsterdam and the London Stock Exchange are generally not reflected.
This summary does not purport to be a complete summary of all those differences, or a complete description of the specific provisions referred to in this summary. The identification of specific differences is not intended to indicate that other equally significant or more significant differences do not exist. Grubhub Stockholders should read carefully the relevant portions of the Dutch Civil Code, the DGCL, the Articles and the board rules of Just Eat Takeaway.com and the Grubhub certificate of incorporation and Grubhub bylaws. The documents referred to in this summary may be obtained as described in the section entitled “Where You Can Find More Information” beginning on page 320 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
Just Eat Takeaway.com
Grubhub
Authorized Capital
The authorized share capital of Just Eat Takeaway.com amounts to 16,000,000 euro, divided into 400,000,000 ordinary shares, nominal value 0.04 euro.
Common Stock. Grubhub is authorized to issue up to 500,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share.

Preferred Stock. Grubhub is authorized to issue up to 25,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share.

The Grubhub certificate of incorporation empowers the Grubhub Board, or any authorized committee thereof, to issue one or more series of undesignated preferred stock and establish or change from time to time the number of shares of each such series and to fix the designations, powers, preferences and other rights of the shares of each series and any qualifications, limitations and restrictions thereof. As of the record date, Grubhub does not have any preferred stock issued and outstanding.
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Size, Classification and Term of Board of Directors
Pursuant to the Articles, Just Eat Takeaway.com has a two-tier governance system consisting of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board.

Under Dutch law, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board is collectively responsible for the management and the strategy, policy and operations of the company. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board is responsible for supervising the conduct of and providing advice to the management board and for supervising the business generally. Furthermore, each member of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board has a duty to act in the corporate interest of the company and the business connected with it. Under Dutch law, the corporate interest extends to the interests of all corporate stakeholders, such as shareholders, creditors, employees, customers and suppliers. The duty to act in the corporate interest of the company also applies in the event of a proposed sale or break-up of the company, whereby the circumstances generally dictate how such duty is to be applied.

Pursuant to the Articles, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board consists of two or more members. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board consists of at least three members. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board determines the exact number of Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors and Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors must be natural persons.

Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors and Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors are appointed for a term up to, at the latest, the end of the annual General Meeting of Just Eat Takeaway.com held in the calendar year following the calendar year of appointment, or, in case a Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Director or Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Director is appointed upon a binding nomination, the term set out in such nomination. In each case, in no instance shall the term of appointment of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Director or Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Director end for as long as such resignation would result in no Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors or Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors, respectively, being in office.
The Grubhub certificate of incorporation and bylaws provide that only the Grubhub Board may fix the number of directors by resolution of the Grubhub Board. There are currently nine directors on the Grubhub Board. The Grubhub certificate of incorporation and bylaws do not provide for a minimum or maximum number of directors.

The members of the Grubhub Board are divided into three staggered classes, each serving for three-year terms.

Directors elected to succeed those directors whose terms expire shall be elected for a term of office to expire at the third succeeding annual meeting of stockholders after their election.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the directors elected to each class shall hold office until their successors are duly elected and qualified or until their earlier resignation, death or removal.
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Nomination and Election of Directors
The Articles provide that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors are appointed by the General Meeting upon a binding nomination of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board.

If no nomination has been made by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board within sixty days after it has been requested to do so by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board, this must be stated in the notice of the General Meeting at which the appointment shall be considered and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board will make a non-binding nomination. If no nomination has been made by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board, this must be stated in the notice of the General Meeting at which the appointment shall be considered and the General Meeting may appoint a Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Director at its discretion by an absolute majority of the votes cast.

The Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors are appointed by the General Meeting upon a binding nomination of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board, provided that one Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Director shall be appointed upon a binding nomination by Gribhold B.V. until the date it becomes public information by means of the AFM register that Gribhold B.V. holds less than 10% of the issued Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the General Meeting may, at all times, by a resolution adopted by at least an absolute majority of the votes cast, such majority representing more than one-third of the issued share capital of Just Eat Takeaway.com, overrule a binding nomination. If the General Meeting overrules a binding nomination, a new General Meeting shall be convened and the party who made the initial binding nomination shall make a new binding nomination. In case a binding nomination is not overruled due to a majority of votes being cast against appointment, such majority representing no more than one-third of the issued share capital of Just Eat Takeaway.com, no second meeting as referred to in Section 2:120(3) BW will be convened.
The Grubhub bylaws provide that director nominations may only be brought before a meeting of stockholders either (i) by or at the direction of the Grubhub Board or (ii) in the case of an annual meeting or a special meeting at which the Grubhub Board has determined that directors will be elected, by a stockholder of record at the time of giving the stockholder’s notice who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who has provided timely notice of their proposal in writing to Grubhub’s corporate secretary and has otherwise complied with the notice procedures that are provided in the Grubhub bylaws.

The Grubhub bylaws provide that directors be elected at a meeting of stockholders where a majority of the shares entitled to vote are present in person or by proxy, by a plurality of the votes properly cast. The Grubhub bylaws provide that directors be elected at a meeting of stockholders where a majority of the shares entitled to vote are present in person or by proxy, by a plurality of the votes properly cast.
Removal of Directors
Pursuant to the Articles, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board may propose to the General Meeting the suspension or dismissal of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Director or Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Director.
Subject to the rights, powers and preferences of the undesignated preferred stock, the Grubhub certificate of incorporation provides that a director may only be removed from office for cause by the affirmative vote of the holders of 75% or more of the outstanding
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If the suspension or dismissal of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Director or Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Director was proposed to the General Meeting by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board, the resolution is adopted by an absolute majority of the votes cast without a quorum required. In all other cases, the General Meeting may only suspend or dismiss a Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Director or Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Director with an absolute majority of the votes cast, such majority representing more than one-third of the issued share capital.

The Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board may also at all times suspend but not dismiss a Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Director.

The Articles provide that a General Meeting must be held within three months after a suspension of a Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Director or Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Director has taken effect, in which meeting a resolution must be adopted to either terminate or extend the suspension for a maximum period of another three months for Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors and two months for Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors, taking into account the majority and quorum requirements described above. The suspended Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Director and Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Director must be given the opportunity to account for his or her actions at that meeting. If neither such resolution is adopted nor the General Meeting has resolved to dismiss the Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Director or Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Director, the suspension will terminate after the suspension period has expired.
shares of capital stock then entitled to vote at an election of directors. Written notice of any proposed removal and the alleged grounds thereof must be sent to the director whose removal is to be considered at least 45 days prior to the annual or special meeting at which the removal is to be considered.
Vacancies on the Board of Directors
The Articles provide that if one or more Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors are prevented from acting, or in the case of a vacancy or vacancies for one or more Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors, the remaining Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors will temporarily be in charge of the management of Just Eat Takeaway.com, without prejudice to the right of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board to appoint a temporary Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Director to replace the Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Director concerned.

If all Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors are prevented from acting or there are vacancies for all Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors, the Just
Subject to the rights, powers and preferences of the undesignated preferred stock, the Grubhub certificate of incorporation provides that all vacancies in the Grubhub Board (including by reason of an increase in the size of the Grubhub Board) are to be filled solely by vote of a majority of the remaining directors then in office, even if less than a quorum. Any director appointed by reason of a vacancy shall hold office for the remainder of the term of the class of director in which the vacancy occurred.
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Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board will temporarily be in charge of the management of Just Eat Takeaway.com; the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board will be authorized to designate one or more temporary Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors.

If one or more Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors are prevented from acting, or in the case of a vacancy or vacancies for one or more Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors, the remaining Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors will temporarily be in charge of the supervision, without prejudice to the right of the General Meeting to appoint a temporary Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Director to replace the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Director concerned.
 
Voting Rights — Generally
The Articles provide that each Just Eat Takeaway.com Share confers the right to cast one vote at the General Meeting. Blank votes and invalid votes will be regarded as not having been cast.

No votes may be cast at the General Meeting in respect of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares held by Just Eat Takeaway.com or any of its subsidiaries.
The voting right attached to Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares encumbered with a right of pledge or right of usufruct will vest in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder, unless at the creation of the pledge or right of usufruct the voting right was granted to the pledgee or the holder of the right of usufruct, respectively.
Common Stock: Subject to the rights, powers and preferences of the undesignated preferred stock or as otherwise provided by law or in the Grubhub certificate of incorporation, the Grubhub certificate of incorporation and bylaws grant Grubhub Stockholders the exclusive right to vote for the election of directors and on all other matters requiring stockholder action. All matters other than the election of directors are determined by a majority of the votes properly cast for and against such matter, unless otherwise specified by the Grubhub certificate of incorporation or bylaws, Delaware law or the rules or regulations of an exchange upon which the securities of Grubhub are listed. Each Grubhub Stockholder is entitled to one vote per share on all matters brought before the Grubhub Stockholders.

Undesignated Preferred Stock: No undesignated preferred stock has been issued to date. The Grubhub certificate of incorporation grants the Grubhub Board the power to set or change the voting powers, preferences and the relative, participating, optional or other special rights of the shares of each series of undesignated preferred stock and any qualifications, limitations and restrictions for each series of undesignated preferred stock once issued.
Shareholder / Stockholder Quorum
Pursuant to Dutch law, resolutions proposed at General Meetings are adopted by an absolute majority of the votes cast without a quorum requirement being applicable, unless Dutch law or the Articles provide otherwise.
A majority of the shares entitled to vote, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at any meeting of stockholders. If less than a quorum is present at a meeting, the holders of voting stock representing a majority of the voting power present at the meeting or the presiding officer may adjourn the meeting from time to time, and the
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meeting may be held as adjourned without further notice, other than an announcement at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken of the hour, date and place, if any, to which the meeting is adjourned and the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxyholders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such adjourned meeting. If, however, the adjournment is for more than thirty (30) days from the meeting date, or if after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, notice of the adjourned meeting and the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxyholders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote thereat and each stockholder who, by law or under the certificate of incorporation or bylaws of Grubhub is entitled to such notice.

At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum is present, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally noticed. The stockholders present at a duly constituted meeting may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough stockholders to leave less than a quorum.
Shareholder / Stockholder Action by Written Consent
The Articles provide that Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders (as well as holders of a right of usufruct and holders of a right of pledge with voting rights) may also adopt any resolutions which they may adopt at a General Meeting without holding a meeting, provided that the resolution is adopted in writing by the unanimous vote of all Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders (as well as holders of a right of usufruct and holders of a right of pledge with voting rights). Resolutions cannot be adopted outside a meeting if registered depositary receipts for Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares have been issued with Just Eat Takeaway.com’s cooperation.
The Grubhub certificate of incorporation provides that actions by stockholders must be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting of stockholders and may not be taken or effected by a written consent of stockholders in lieu thereof.
Amendment of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s Articles and
Grubhub’s Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws
The Articles may be amended by the General Meeting upon the proposal of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board, which proposal has been approved by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board. The specific right in the Articles of Gribhold B.V. to make a binding nomination for one Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Director cannot be amended without the prior written consent of Gribhold B.V. until the date on which such right has lapsed.
Certificate of Incorporation

Amendments to the Grubhub certificate of incorporation must be approved by the holders of at least a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote on the amendment, and if applicable, by the holders of at least a majority of the outstanding shares of each class entitled to vote on the amendment as a class at a duly constituted meeting of stockholders
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Pursuant to Dutch law, the notice convening a General Meeting must state when a proposal to amend the Articles is to be made to the General Meeting and a copy of the proposal, including the verbatim text thereof, shall be deposited and kept available at Just Eat Takeaway.com’s office for inspection (free of charge) by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders and the persons having the rights conferred by Dutch law upon holders of depositary receipts issued with a company’s cooperation for shares in its capital, until the conclusion of the General Meeting.

From the day of deposit until the day of the General Meeting, a Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder shall, on application, be provided with a copy of the proposal free of charge.

Any amendment of the Articles shall be laid down in a notarial deed.

Under the Listing Rules, a circular to shareholders about proposed amendments to the Articles must include an explanation of the effect of the proposed amendments and either the full terms of the proposed amendments, or a statement that the full terms will be available for inspection: (i) from the date of sending the circular until the close of the General Meeting at a place in or near the City of London (or such other place as the FCA may determine); and (ii) at the place of the General Meeting for at least 15 minutes before and during the meeting.
called expressly for such purpose. The Grubhub certificate of incorporation further provides that any amendment or repeal of Article V (Stockholder Action), Article VI (Directors), Article VII (Limitation of Liability), Article VIII (Exclusive Jurisdiction of Delaware Law), Article IX (Amendment of Bylaws), Article X (Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation), Article XI (Business Combinations) must be approved by the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than 75% of the outstanding shares entitled to vote on the amendment, and if applicable, the holders of not less than 75% of the outstanding shares of each class entitled to vote on the amendment as a class.

Bylaws

Any amendment or repeal, in whole or in part, of the Grubhub bylaws, or the adoption of new bylaws must be approved by either (i) the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors then in office or (ii) the affirmative vote of the holders of 75% of the outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote on such amendment or repeal, voting together as a single class; provided, that if the Grubhub Board recommends that stockholders approve such amendment or repeal, only the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote on such amendment or repeal, voting together as a single class, is required.
Advance Notice Requirements for Stockholder / Shareholder Proposals
Pursuant to the Articles and Dutch law, notice of a General Meeting must be given by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board or Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board with due observance of a notice period of at least 42 days prior to the date of the General Meeting.

Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders (individually or collectively) representing at least 3% of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s issued share capital will be entitled to, subject to general Dutch corporate law, include items on the agenda of any General Meeting. Pursuant to Dutch law, the request must be reasoned and must be received by Just Eat Takeaway.com at the latest 60 days before the date of the General Meeting.
Pursuant to the Grubhub bylaws, notice of annual meetings or special meetings will be given not less than 10 nor more than 60 days before the annual meeting or special meeting.

The Grubhub bylaws provide that in general, to bring a matter before an annual meeting or to nominate a candidate for director, a Grubhub Stockholder must give notice of the proposed matter or nomination not less than 90 days and not more than 120 days prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting or, in the case of nominations of directors at a special meeting called by the Grubhub Board for such purpose, no later than 90 days prior to the scheduled date of such special meeting or 10 days after the public announcement of the date of the special meeting. In the event that the date of the annual meeting is more than 30 days before or more than 60 days after such anniversary date, or if no annual meeting was held in the previous year, notice must be
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delivered no later than 90 days prior to the scheduled date of such annual meeting or 10 days after the day on which public announcement of the date of the annual meeting is made. Grubhub Stockholders are obligated to update and supplement notices given in respect of matters to be brought before an annual meeting.

The Grubhub Stockholder’s notice shall set forth: (i) as to each person whom the Grubhub Stockholder proposes to nominate, all information relating to such person that would be required to be disclosed in solicitation of proxies for election, pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act, or as to any other business, a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the meeting, the reasons for conducting such business at the meeting and any material interest of the proposing person, (ii) information on the Grubhub Stockholder giving the notice and any other persons involved in the proposal, (iii) a description of all agreements by and among the Grubhub Stockholder proposing the action and any other person pertaining to the nomination or business proposed to be brought before the meeting and (iv) a statement whether or not the Grubhub Stockholder giving the notice will deliver a proxy statement and form of proxy to holders of, in the case of a business proposal, at least the percentage of voting power of all the shares of capital stock of Grubhub required under applicable law to approve the proposal or, in the case of a nomination or nominations, at least the percentage of voting power of all the shares of capital stock of Grubhub reasonably believed by such Grubhub Stockholder to be sufficient to elect the nominee or nominees.
Right to Call a Special Meeting of Shareholders / Stockholders
An Extraordinary General Meeting of Just Eat Takeaway.com will, subject to the below, be convened by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board or Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board.

Dutch law provides that Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders (individually or collectively) representing at least one-tenth of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s issued share capital (which includes, for the purposes of this action, holders of depository receipts for shares issued in collaboration with Just Eat Takeaway.com) may request the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board or Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board to convene an Extraordinary General Meeting of Just Eat Takeaway.com. Such request must be made in writing (which requirement is also fulfilled if the request is
Subject to the rights, powers and preferences of the undesignated preferred stock, the Grubhub certificate of incorporation and bylaws provide that a special meeting of the stockholders may only be called by resolution of the Grubhub Board approved by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors then in office.
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recorded electronically) and set out in detail the subjects which the applicants wish to be discussed.

If neither the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board nor Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board has taken the necessary measures so that the General Meeting could be held within the statutory term, which given Just Eat Takeaway.com’s current listings is currently 8 weeks after such request, the applicants may convene a General Meeting themselves in case authorized so by the provisional relief judge (voorzieningenrechter) upon their request. After hearing or summoning Just Eat Takeaway.com to appear in court the judge can grant the relief. The judge shall determine the formal procedure and the period to convene the General Meeting. The judge may also appoint someone who will be charged to lead the General Meeting.
 
Indemnification and Advancement of Expenses; Director and Officer Liability
Unless Dutch law provides otherwise, each current and former Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Director and Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Director will be reimbursed for (a) the reasonable costs of conducting a defense against claims based on acts or failures to act in the exercise of their duties or any other duties currently or previously performed by them at the request of Just Eat Takeaway.com, (b) any damages or fines payable by them as a result of an act or failure to act as referred to under (a), and (c) the reasonable costs of appearing in other legal proceedings or investigations in which they are involved as current or former Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors or Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors, with the exception of proceedings primarily aimed at pursuing a claim on their own behalf.

There shall be no entitlement to reimbursement, as referred to above, if and to the extent that: (a) a Dutch court or, in the event of arbitration, an arbitrator has established in a final and conclusive decision that the act or failure to act of the person concerned can be characterized as willful (opzettelijk) or grossly negligent (grove schuld) misconduct, unless Dutch law provides otherwise or this would, in view of the circumstances of the case, be unacceptable according to standards of reasonableness and fairness; or (b) the costs or financial loss of the person concerned are covered by insurance and the insurer has paid out the costs or financial loss.
The Grubhub certificate of incorporation provides that no Grubhub director shall be personally liable to Grubhub or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of his or her fiduciary duty as a director, except for liability (a) for any breach of the director’s duty of loyalty to Grubhub or its stockholders, (b) for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (c) under Section 174 of the DGCL (relating to unlawful payment of dividends or unlawful stock purchase or redemption) or (d) for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit. If the DGCL is amended after the effective date of the Grubhub certificate of incorporation to authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting the personal liability of directors, then the liability of a Grubhub director shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as so amended.

The Grubhub bylaws provide that Grubhub will indemnify and hold harmless each director and officer of Grubhub to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, including against any and all expenses and liabilities that are incurred or paid by directors or officers in connection with any proceeding or any claim in which such director or officer is, or is threatened to be made, a party by reason of such director or officer’s corporate status, so long as the director or officer acted in good faith and in a manner reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interest of Grubhub and, with respect to any criminal
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proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe the conduct was unlawful, provided that, in the case of any derivative actions brought on behalf of Grubhub, no indemnification shall be made in respect of any proceeding or any claim, issue or matter as to which such director or officer shall have been finally adjudged by a court of competent jurisdiction to be liable to Grubhub (unless, and only to the extent, the court in which such proceeding was brought shall determine upon application that such director or officer is fairly and reasonably entitled to such indemnification). Notwithstanding the foregoing, Grubhub shall indemnify any director or officer seeking indemnification in connection with a proceeding initiated by such director or officer only if such proceeding was authorized in advance by the Grubhub Board, unless such proceeding was brought to enforce such director’s or officer’s rights to indemnification or advancement of expenses under the Grubhub bylaws.

If the DGCL is amended after the effective date of the Grubhub bylaws to permit Grubhub to provide broader indemnification rights, then Grubhub shall indemnify and hold harmless each director and officer of Grubhub to fullest extent authorized by the DGCL as so amended.

The Grubhub bylaws further provide that Grubhub shall advance expenses incurred by a Grubhub director, and may advance expenses incurred by a Grubhub officer, in connection with any proceeding in which such director or officer, as applicable, is involved by reason of fact that such indemnitee is or was a director or officer, as applicable, of Grubhub, but only upon receipt of an undertaking by the indemnitee to repay all amounts so advanced if it should be ultimately determined that the indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification for such expenses.
Appraisal and Dissenters’ Rights
Dutch law only provides appraisal rights in the context of a cross-border merger within the European Economic Area: to the extent that the acquiring company in a cross-border merger is organized under the laws of another member state of the European Economic Area, a shareholder of a Dutch company that will disappear in such merger who has voted against the cross-border merger may file a claim with the Dutch company for compensation instead of receiving shares in the share capital of the acquiring company.

Under Section 262 of the DGCL a stockholder of a Delaware corporation generally has appraisal rights in connection with certain mergers or consolidations in which the corporation is participating, subject to specified procedural requirements. The DGCL does not confer appraisal rights, however, if the corporation’s stock is either (i) listed on a national securities exchange or (ii) held of record by more than 2,000 holders. Even if a corporation’s stock meets these requirements, the DGCL still provides appraisal rights if stockholders of the corporation are required to
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No such rights will be available to Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders in connection with the Transaction.
accept for their stock in certain mergers or consolidations anything other than:
 
 
shares of stock of the corporation surviving or resulting from such merger or consolidation, or depository receipts in respect thereof;
 
 
shares of stock of any other corporation, or depository receipts in respect thereof, which shares of stock (or depository receipts in respect thereof) or depository receipts at the effective date of the merger or consolidation will be either listed on a national securities exchange or held of record by more than 2,000 holders;
 
 
cash in lieu of fractional shares or fractional depository receipts described in the foregoing; or
 
 
any combination of the foregoing.
 
 
In accordance with the DGCL, no appraisal rights are available to Grubhub Stockholders in connection with the Transaction.
Squeeze-out Proceedings
Pursuant to Dutch law, a Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder who for his or her own account contributes at least 95% of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s issued share capital may initiate proceedings against the minority Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders jointly for the transfer of their Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares to that majority shareholder. The proceedings will be conducted before the Enterprise Chamber and can be instituted by means of a writ of summons served upon each minority shareholder in accordance with Dutch law. If the Enterprise Chamber grants the claim for a squeeze-out, it will determine the price to be paid for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, if necessary after appointment of one or three experts who will offer an opinion to the Enterprise Chamber on the value of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares.
Under Section 253 of the DGCL, in a process known as a “short form” merger, a corporation that owns at least 90% of the outstanding shares of each class of stock of another corporation may either merge the other corporation into itself and assume all of its obligations or merge itself into the other corporation without stockholder approval by executing, acknowledging and filing with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware a certificate of such ownership and merger setting forth a copy of the resolution of its board authorizing such merger. If the parent corporation is a Delaware corporation that is not the surviving corporation, the merger also must be approved by a majority of the outstanding stock of the parent corporation entitled to vote thereon. If the parent corporation does not own all of the stock of the subsidiary corporation immediately prior to the merger, the minority stockholders of the subsidiary corporation party to the merger may have appraisal rights as set forth in Section 262 of the DGCL.
Dividends
The Articles provide that distributions of profit, meaning the net earnings after taxes shown by the adopted annual accounts, shall be made after the adoption of the annual accounts by the General Meeting from which it appears that they are permitted.

The Grubhub certificate of incorporation provides that dividends may be declared and paid or set aside for payment upon Grubhub Shares out of any assets or funds legally available for the payment of dividends. Dividends may only be declared by the Grubhub Board or an authorized committee thereof.
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Under Dutch law, Just Eat Takeaway.com may make distributions on Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares only to the extent that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders’ equity exceeds the sum of the paid-up and called-up part of the capital and the reserves which must be maintained under Dutch law.

Interim dividends may be declared as provided in the Articles and may be distributed provided that an interim statement of assets and liabilities drawn up in accordance with the statutory requirements shows that Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders’ equity exceeds, by an amount at least equal to the amount of the interim dividend, the sum of the paid-up and called-up part of the capital and the reserves which must be maintained under Dutch law.

Pursuant to the Articles, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board may determine, with the approval of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board, that all or part of the profit shall be added to the reserves of the company. The allocation of profits accrued in a financial year remaining after the determination of the amount of the profits to be added to the reserves, as referred to above, shall be determined by the General Meeting.
Under Section 170 of the DGCL, the directors of a Delaware corporation may declare and pay dividends out of its surplus or, if there is no surplus, out of its net profits for the fiscal year as long as the amount of capital of the corporation after the declaration and payment of the dividend is not less than the aggregate amount of the capital represented by the issued and outstanding stock of all classes having preference upon the distribution of assets.
Required Shareholder / Stockholder Votes for Certain Transactions
Pursuant to the Articles and Dutch law, the approval of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board and the General Meeting is required for resolutions of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board regarding a significant change in the identity or nature of Just Eat Takeaway.com or its business enterprise, including in any event to:

(i)  transfer the business enterprise or practically the
   entire business enterprise to a third party;
Under Section 251 of the DGCL, certain fundamental changes, such as, inter alia, amendments to the certificate of incorporation or a merger (in which the number of shares of common stock of a Delaware corporation issued in connection with the merger exceeds 20% of its stock outstanding immediately prior to the effective date of the merger) must be approved by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding stock present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote on the matter.
(ii)
conclude or cancel any long-lasting cooperation by Just Eat Takeaway.com or a Just Eat Takeaway.com subsidiary with any other legal person or company or as a fully liable general partner of a limited partnership or a general partnership, provided that the cooperation or the cancellation of that cooperation is of essential importance to Just Eat Takeaway.com; and
Under Section 271 of the DGCL, a sale, lease or exchange of all or substantially all of a Delaware corporation’s assets must be approved by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding stock present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote on the matter.
(iii)
acquire or dispose of a participating interest in the capital of a company with a value of at least one-third of the sum of the assets according to the consolidated balance sheet with explanatory notes to that balance sheet according to the last adopted annual accounts of Just Eat
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Takeaway.com, by Just Eat Takeaway.com or a Just Eat Takeaway.com subsidiary.

In addition, the Listing Rules set out requirements for Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders to approve: (i) certain larger “significant” transactions which exceed certain “class test” ratios (commonly referred to as “Class 1 transactions”); (ii) certain indemnity and break fee arrangements; and (iii) certain larger “related party” transactions — see “Related Party Transactions” below. Companies with a premium listing on the UK Official List must also comply with the requirements of Listing Rule 10.5 (Class 1 requirements) in relation to a “reverse takeover.”
Antitakeover Statutes and Certain Certificate of Incorporation Provisions
Dutch law does not generally prohibit a publicly held Dutch company from engaging in a business combination with a person or group owning 15% or more of the shares of such Dutch company. However, see “Related Party Transactions” below.
Section 203 of the DGCL generally prohibits a public Delaware corporation from engaging in a “business combination” with an “interested stockholder” for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder unless:
 
 
prior to such transaction, the corporation’s board of directors approved either the business combination or the transaction in which the stockholder became an interested stockholder;
 
 
upon completion of such transaction, the interested stockholder owns at least 85% of the outstanding voting stock (with certain exclusions); or
 
 
at the time or after the person became an interested stockholder, the business combination was approved by the corporation’s board of directors and authorized by a vote of at least 6623% of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation not owned by the interested stockholder.
 
 
A “business combination” includes mergers, asset sales, stock sales and other transactions resulting in a financial benefit to the stockholder. An “interested stockholder” is defined as an entity or person (other than the corporation and any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of the corporation) beneficially owning 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation, based on voting power, and any entity or person affiliated with or controlling or controlled by such an entity or person.

A Delaware corporation may opt out of Section 203. Grubhub has not so opted.
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Issuance of Shares
Pursuant to the Articles, Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares are issued pursuant to a resolution of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board that has been approved by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board, provided that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board has been authorized to do so by a resolution of the General Meeting for a specific period not exceeding five years.

If and insofar as the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board is not authorized, as referred to above, the General Meeting is entitled to resolve to issue Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares upon the proposal of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board, which proposal has been approved by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board.

Among other things, the Listing Rules contain a set of obligations applicable to Just Eat Takeaway.com related to particular equity transactions. In particular, they set out the requirements relating to rights issues, placings and other offers of securities, including a restriction when making an open offer or placing or issuing shares out of treasury that prohibits applying a discount of more than 10% to the middle market price of such shares at the time of announcement of the securities offering (unless shareholder approval has been obtained).
The DGCL provides that the Grubhub Board may issue additional shares of Grubhub capital stock up to the amount authorized in its certificate of incorporation, from time to time, to any person and for such consideration as the Grubhub Board may determine without the requirement of further action by Grubhub Stockholders, except as required by the rules and regulations of the NYSE.

Pursuant to the DGCL, the resolution authorizing the issuance of capital stock may provide that the stock be issued in one or more transactions, in such numbers and at such times as set forth in the resolution. The Grubhub Board may also determine the amount of consideration for which shares may be issued by setting a minimum amount or approving a formula by which such shares may be issued.
Pre-emptive Rights
The Articles provide that, upon the issuance of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, each Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder has a right to acquire newly issued Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, in proportion to the aggregate nominal value of his or her Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, it being understood that this pre-emptive right shall not apply to: (a) Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares that are issued to employees of Just Eat Takeaway.com or employees of a group company of Just Eat Takeaway.com and (b) Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares that are issued that are paid for in kind. Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders shall also have a pre-emptive right in respect of the grant of rights to subscribe for Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, but not to Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares which are issued to a person exercising a right to subscribe for Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares previously granted. The sale of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares held by Just Eat Takeaway.com is subject to similar pre-emptive rights.
Pursuant to the Articles, pre-emptive rights may be limited or excluded by a resolution of the General
There are no provisions in the Grubhub certificate of incorporation or bylaws that grant pre-emptive rights to Grubhub Stockholders.
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Meeting upon the proposal of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board, which proposal has been approved by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board is authorized to resolve, subject to the approval of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board, on the limitation or exclusion of the pre-emptive right if and to the extent the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board has been designated by the General Meeting, for a maximum period of five years.

Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders are also entitled to the benefit of pre-emptive rights as provided for under the Listing Rules. The pre-emptive provisions of the Listing Rules provide that a listed company proposing to issue equity securities (or sell treasury shares that are equity shares) for cash must first offer those equity securities in proportion to their existing holdings to: (i) existing holders of that class of equity shares (other than the listed company itself by virtue of it holding treasury shares); and (ii) holders of other equity shares of the listed company who are entitled to be offered them. These provisions do not apply to Just Eat Takeaway.com in certain circumstances, including where a disapplication of statutory pre-emptive rights has been authorized by Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders in accordance with the Listing Rules and the issue of equity securities (or sale of treasury shares that are equity shares) by Just Eat Takeaway.com is within the terms of that authority.

A circular sent to shareholders in relation to a disapplication of the pre-emptive provisions of the Listing Rules must include: (i) a statement of the maximum amount of equity securities which that disapplication will cover; and (ii) if there is a general disapplication for equity securities for cash made otherwise than to existing shareholders in proportion to their existing holdings, the percentage which the amount generally disapplied represents of the total equity share capital in issue as at the latest practicable date before publication of the circular.
 
Repurchase of Shares
The Articles provide that Just Eat Takeaway.com may acquire Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares if and to the extent the General Meeting has authorized the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board for this purpose and with due observance of applicable statutory provisions. Pursuant to Dutch law, the authorization will only be valid for a specific period not exceeding 18 months. The resolution of the Just Eat
Under the DGCL, a corporation may not purchase or redeem its own shares of capital stock for cash or other property when the capital of the corporation is impaired or when such purchase or redemption would cause any impairment of the capital of the corporation, except as it relates to a note, debenture or other obligation of a corporation given by it as consideration for its acquisition by purchase, redemption or exchange
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Takeaway.com Management Board to acquire fully paid-up Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares is subject to the approval of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board.

The above referred authorization of the General Meeting is not required if Just Eat Takeaway.com acquires fully paid-up Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares (i) for no consideration or (ii) for the purpose of transferring those shares under an applicable employee stock purchase plan, to employees of Just Eat Takeaway.com or a group company of Just Eat Takeaway.com, provided those shares are quoted on the official list of any stock exchange.

The Listing Rules require, among other things, that purchases of 15% or more of any class of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s share capital (excluding any treasury shares) pursuant to a general authority by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders must be by way of a tender offer to all shareholders of that class. In addition, where Just Eat Takeaway.com proposes to purchase Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares from a related party (whether directly or through intermediaries), it must comply with its obligations under Chapter 11 of the Listing Rules (see “Related Party Transactions” below), unless: (i) a tender offer is made to all holders of the class of securities; or (ii) in the case of a market purchase pursuant to a general authority granted by Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders, it is made without prior understanding, arrangement or agreement between Just Eat Takeaway.com and any related party.
of its shares of stock if at the time such note, debenture or obligation was delivered by the corporation its capital was not then impaired or did not thereby become impaired.
Fiduciary Duties
Under Dutch law:
Under Delaware law:
a management board as a collective is responsible for the management, strategy, policy and operations. A management board manages the day-to-day business and operations and implements the strategy;
Directors and officers must act in good faith, with due care, and in the best interest of the corporation and all of its stockholders.
a supervisory board carries out the supervision of the policies of the management board and of the general course of the company’s affairs and its business enterprise. The supervisory board supports the management board with advice;
Directors and officers must refrain from self-dealing, usurping corporate opportunities and receiving improper personal benefits.
in fulfilling their tasks, managing and supervisory directors are guided by interests of the company and its business enterprise; and
Decisions made by directors and officers on an informed basis, in good faith and in the honest belief that the action was taken in the best interest of the corporation and its stockholders will be protected by the “business judgment rule.”
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the corporate interests extend to the interests of all stakeholders, such as shareholders, creditors, employees, consumers and suppliers.
Exclusive Forum
Not applicable.
The Grubhub certificate of incorporation provides that, unless Grubhub consents in writing to an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware is the sole and exclusive forum for any derivative actions brought on behalf of Grubhub, any claims for breach of fiduciary duty owed by a director, officer or employee of Grubhub, any claims arising pursuant to the DGCL, the Grubhub certificate of incorporation or the Grubhub bylaws and any claims against Grubhub governed by the internal affairs doctrine.
Corporate Opportunity
Under Dutch law, the corporate opportunity doctrine is not explicitly identified as such, but Dutch courts have ruled in various judgments that managing directors and supervisory directors taking for themselves a business opportunity that could benefit the corporation and that falls within the scope of the ordinary business of the corporation may under circumstances be held liable for mismanagement.
Under Delaware law, a corporate director or officer may not take a business opportunity for such director’s or officer’s own if: (i) the corporation is financially able to exploit the opportunity; (ii) the opportunity is within the corporation’s line of business; (iii) the corporation has an interest or expectancy in the opportunity; and (iv) by taking the opportunity for such director’s or officer’s own, the corporate fiduciary will thereby be placed in a position inimical to such director’s or officer’s duties to the corporation.
Corporate Governance
Just Eat Takeaway.com is a public limited liability company under Dutch law.

The rights of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders are governed by Dutch and EU law, the Listing Rules, the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules and the Articles. The DCGC applies to Just Eat Takeaway.com, and Just Eat Takeaway.com applies the UK Corporate Governance Code as far as practicable.
The Grubhub certificate of incorporation, as amended from time to time, Grubhub’s bylaws, and the DGCL govern the rights of Grubhub Stockholders.
Rights of Inspection
Under Dutch law, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board are required to provide the General Meeting with all information it requests, unless this would be contrary to Just Eat Takeaway.com’s overriding interest.

Under Section 220 of the DGCL, a stockholder or the stockholder’s agent has a right to inspect the corporation’s stock ledger, a list of all of its stockholders and its other books and records during the usual hours of business upon written demand stating the stockholder’s purpose (which must be reasonably related to such person’s interest as a stockholder). If
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Pursuant to Dutch law, each Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder may inspect: (i) the annual accounts of Just Eat Takeaway.com that are submitted to the General Meeting, (ii) the annual report of Just Eat Takeaway.com, (iii) a copy of any proposal to amend the Articles at the same time as the notice for the General Meeting referring to such proposals is published, (iv) the register of shareholders with regard to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares and (v) the record of resolutions adopted at the General Meetings of Just Eat Takeaway.com.

Each Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder may request a copy of or extract from the documents in (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) and (v) above, and each holder of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares in registered form will be provided upon its request with written evidence of the content of the register of shareholders with regard to Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares registered in its name.
the corporation refuses to permit such inspection or refuses to reply to the request within five business days of the demand, the stockholder may apply to the Delaware Court of Chancery for an order to compel such inspection.

The Grubhub bylaws provide that stockholder lists shall be made available for inspection at least 10 days prior to the date on which an annual or special meeting of stockholders is to be held.
Shareholder / Stockholder Suits
Under Dutch law, if a third party is liable to a Dutch public company, only the company can bring a civil action against that party. Individual shareholders do not have the right to bring an action on behalf of the company of which they are a shareholder. Only if the cause for the liability of a third party to the company also constitutes a wrongful act directly against a shareholder, does that shareholder have an individual action against such third party. Dutch law provides for the possibility to initiate such actions collectively. A foundation or association whose objective is to protect the rights of a group of persons having similar interests can commence a collective action.

If a director is liable to the company, for example, on the grounds of improper performance of his or her duties, only the company itself can bring a civil action against that director. Individual shareholders do not have the right to bring an action against the director on behalf of the company of which they are a shareholder.

Shareholders meeting certain thresholds and certain other stakeholders of the company can initiate inquiry proceedings with the Enterprise Chamber. Claimants may request an inquiry into the policy of the company and the conduct of its business. The Enterprise Chamber will only order an inquiry if a plaintiff can demonstrate that well-founded reasons exist to doubt the soundness of the policies of the company or the conduct of its business. The proceedings may only be initiated after the claimant has given the management board and supervisory board of the company advance
Pursuant to Delaware law, in any derivative suit instituted by a stockholder of a corporation, the complaint must aver that the plaintiff was a stockholder of the corporation at the time of the transaction of which the plaintiff complains or that such stockholder’s stock thereafter devolved upon such stockholder by operation of law.

Pursuant to Delaware law, the complaint shall set forth with particularity the efforts of the plaintiff to obtain action by the board or the reasons for not making such effort.

Such action shall not be dismissed or compromised without the approval of the court.

In general, the stockholders must maintain stock ownership through the pendency of the derivative suit.

Under Delaware law, individual stockholders may have the ability to bring a class action on behalf of themselves or other similarly situated stockholders if they can show that the stockholders have suffered a direct injury that is distinct from any injury to the corporation, and if they satisfy the other requirements for a class action under applicable Delaware law. A stockholder class action, like an individual action, involves a claim that belongs directly to individual stockholders, instead of to the corporation, and typically is asserted by less than all of the injured stockholders as representatives of the group. All such class actions are governed by the Delaware chancery
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written notice of its objections to the policy of the company or the conduct of the business. Ample time should be given to the company to examine the objections and to address the alleged issues.
court by Rule 23(a) and 23(b) of the Court of Chancery rules and by Rule 23 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, and by the case law interpreting those statutes.
Disclosure of Interests in Shares
Pursuant to the Dutch Financial Markets Supervision Act (Wet op het financieel toezicht), any person who, directly or indirectly, acquires or disposes of an actual or potential interest in the capital or voting rights of Just Eat Takeaway.com must immediately notify the AFM through the designated portal if, as a result of such acquisition or disposal, the percentage of capital interest or voting rights held by such person in Just Eat Takeaway.com reaches, exceeds or falls below any of the following thresholds: 3%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 75% and 95%.

A notification requirement also applies if a person’s capital interest or voting rights reaches, exceeds or falls below the above mentioned thresholds as a result of a change in Just Eat Takeaway.com’s total issued share capital or voting rights. Such notification must be made no later than the fourth trading day after the AFM has published Just Eat Takeaway.com’s notification of the change in its issued share capital.

Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors and Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors need to notify their shareholdings upon appointment and each change in their shareholdings or the type of interest.

In addition, pursuant to the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules and subject to certain exemptions, a person is required to disclose the percentage of his, her or its voting rights attributable to his, her or its holding of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares (or deemed holding through his, her or its direct or indirect holding of related financial instruments) if the percentage of those voting rights reaches, exceeds or falls below certain thresholds pursuant to the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules. The relevant thresholds for non-UK issuers are 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 50% and 75%. The notification must be made to Just Eat Takeaway.com as soon as possible, but in any event no later than four trading days after the date on which the relevant person: (i) learns of the acquisition or disposal or of the possibility of exercising voting rights, or on which, having regard to the circumstances, should have learned of it, regardless of the date on which the acquisition, disposal or possibility of exercising voting rights takes effect; or (ii) is informed about events
Acquirers of Grubhub Shares are subject to disclosure requirements under Section 13(d)(1) of the Exchange Act and Rule 13d-1 thereunder, which provide that any person who becomes the beneficial owner of more than 5% of the outstanding Grubhub Shares must, within 10 days after such acquisition and subject to certain exceptions, file a Schedule 13D with the SEC disclosing specified information, and send a copy of the Schedule 13D to Grubhub and to each securities exchange on which Grubhub Shares are traded. Amendments to Schedule 13D representing changes in co-ownership or intentions with respect to Grubhub must be filed promptly.

Grubhub is required by the rules of the SEC to disclose in the proxy statement relating to its annual meeting of stockholders the identity and number of shares of Grubhub voting securities beneficially owned by:

•  each of its directors;

•  its principal executive officer;

•  its principal financial officer;

•  each of its three most highly compensated
   executive officers other than its principal
   executive officer and its principal financial
   officer;

•  all of its directors and executive officers as a
   group; and

•  any beneficial owner of 5% or more of the
   Grubhub voting securities of which Grubhub is
   aware.
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changing the breakdown of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s voting rights.
 
Related Party Transactions
Pursuant to Dutch law, material transactions with related parties entered into outside the ordinary course of business or on other than normal market terms, need to be approved by the supervisory board, and be publicly announced at the time that the transaction is entered into. Directors that are involved in the transaction with the related party cannot participate in the decision-making. As long as not all of the directors are excluded on the basis that they are involved in the relevant transaction, no approval from the General Meeting is required.

In this context: a related party is interpreted in accordance with IFRS (IAS 24 (Related Party Disclosures)) and includes a party that has control or significant influence over the company or is a member of the company’s key management personnel; and a transaction is considered material if information about the transaction would constitute inside information within the meaning of Regulation (EU) No 596/2014 of the European Parliament and the Council and is concluded between the company and a related party (which for this purpose in any event includes one or more shareholders representing at least 10% of the issued share capital or a managing director or supervisory director of the company).

Certain transactions are not subject to the approval and disclosure provisions of Sections 2:167 through 2:170 BW (for example, transactions concluded between a company and its subsidiary). The supervisory board is required to establish an internal procedure to periodically assess whether transactions are concluded in the ordinary course of business and on normal market terms.

In addition, pursuant to Chapter 11 of the Listing Rules and subject to certain exceptions provided for therein, if Just Eat Takeaway.com (or any of its subsidiary undertakings) wishes to enter into a related party transaction, it must: (i) announce certain details of the proposed transaction; (ii) send an explanatory circular to Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders and obtain their prior approval in a General Meeting for the proposed transaction; and (iii) ensure that any agreement effecting the proposed transaction is conditional on that approval being obtained. Just Eat Takeaway.com must ensure that the related party does not (and takes all reasonable steps to ensure that its
The Grubhub certificate of incorporation provides that Grubhub shall be governed by Section 203 of the DGCL, which generally prohibits “interested stockholders” (stockholders holding 15% or more of the outstanding stock) from engaging in business combinations with a Delaware company for a period of time unless certain conditions are met.

The Grubhub Board has adopted a related party transaction policy governing the review, approval and ratification of transactions that involve related persons and potential conflicts of interest.

The definition of a related person includes Grubhub’s officers, directors and director nominees, holders of more than 5% of a class of Grubhub’s voting securities and immediate family members of any of the foregoing.

The policy requires approval in advance from the audit committee of the Grubhub Board (unless otherwise delegated by the audit committee to a sub-set of the Grubhub audit committee or the CEO and CFO acting collectively) for transactions or series or related transactions in which (1) Grubhub, or one of its subsidiaries, is or will be a participant, (2) the amount involved is expected to exceed $120,000 and (3) a related party has a direct or indirect material interest. A related party’s interest in a transaction is presumed to be material unless it is clearly immaterial in nature or magnitude, or has been determined in accordance with Grubhub’s policy to be immaterial.

Grubhub is required to disclose certain information regarding related party transactions in accordance with SEC rules.
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associates do not) vote on the relevant shareholder resolution. In this context, a related party transaction is, among other things, a transaction (other than a transaction entered into in the ordinary course of business) between a company whose shares are listed on the premium listing segment of the UK Official List and a “related party.” The definition of “related party” includes: (i) a person who is (or was within the 12 months before the date of the transaction) a “substantial shareholder”; (ii) a person who is (or was within the 12 months before the date of the transaction) a director or shadow director of the company or of any other company which is its subsidiary undertaking or parent undertaking or a fellow subsidiary undertaking of its parent undertaking; (iii) any person who exercises significant influence over the company; and (iv) any associate of a person described in (i) to (iii) above.

Certain related party transactions are not subject to the requirements of companies under the Listing Rules to publish a circular and obtain shareholder approval (including, for example, smaller transactions where each of the relevant “class tests” is less than 5%, but one or more of them exceeds 0.25%).

Just Eat Takeaway.com must also comply with Chapter 7.3 (Corporate governance: related party transactions) of the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules, subject to certain modifications. The FCA’s guidance sets out how compliance with Chapter 11 of the Listing Rules, discussed above, satisfies the corresponding requirement of Chapter 7.3 of the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules. In those instances where Chapter 7.3 of the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules applies but Chapter 11 of the Listing Rules does not, Just Eat Takeaway.com would need to comply with Chapter 7.3 of the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules, which sets out certain requirements when Just Eat Takeaway.com proposes to enter into a material related party transaction.
 
Reporting Requirements
Annually, within the period required by Dutch law, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board shall prepare annual accounts, which include, inter alia, the Just Eat Takeaway.com-only and consolidated annual accounts, together with the auditors’ statement and the annual management report. The annual accounts are to be signed by all Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors and Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors. If the signature of one of more of them is
As a U.S. public company and a large accelerated filer under SEC rules, Grubhub must file with the SEC, among other reports and notices:

•  an Annual Report on Form 10-K within 60 days
   after the end of the fiscal year; and

•  a Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q within 40 days
   after the end of each fiscal quarter.
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lacking, this must be disclosed stating the reasons that any signature is lacking.

Just Eat Takeaway.com must also prepare and publish half-year financials and provides quarterly trading updates.
These reports are Grubhub’s principal disclosure documents, and in addition to financial statements, these reports include details of Grubhub’s business, its capitalization and recent transactions; management’s discussion and analysis of Grubhub’s financial condition and operating results; and officer certifications regarding disclosure controls and procedures, among other matters.
 
 
In addition, Grubhub must file with the SEC:
 
 
a proxy statement in connection with the annual stockholders meeting containing information regarding Grubhub’s executive compensation and the holdings of Grubhub securities by Grubhub’s directors, executive officers, and greater than 5% stockholders; and
 
 
Current Reports on Form 8-K within four business days of the occurrence of specified or other important corporate events.
 
 
The corporate events required to be disclosed on Form 8-K include, among other things:
 
 
entry into a material agreement;
 
 
unregistered sales of equity securities;
 
 
changes in control;
 
 
changes in the composition of the board of directors or executive officers; and
 
 
amendments to certificate of incorporation or bylaws.
 
 
Further, Grubhub’s officers, directors and 10% stockholders are subject to the reporting and “short-swing” profit recovery provisions of Section 16 of the Exchange Act and the rules thereunder with respect to their purchases and sales of Grubhub Shares.
Board Remuneration
Pursuant to the Articles, Just Eat Takeaway.com has a policy in respect of the remuneration of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board. The policies are adopted by the General Meeting upon proposals of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board.

The remuneration of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors is determined by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board with due observance of the remuneration policy adopted by the General Meeting. The General Meeting determines the remuneration of Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors.
The Grubhub bylaws provide that directors’ compensation shall be determined by a majority of the Grubhub Board or a designated committee of the Grubhub Board. Directors who are employees of Grubhub who receive compensation for their employment are not entitled to receive any salary or compensation for their services as directors.
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Just Eat Takeaway.com
Grubhub
A proposal with respect to remuneration schemes in the form of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or rights to Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares must be submitted by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board to the General Meeting for its approval. This proposal must set out at least the maximum number of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares or rights to Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares to be granted to Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors and the criteria for granting or amendment.
 
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JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM EQUITY SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF
CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
Security Ownership of Just Eat Takeaway.com Major Shareholders
Security ownership disclosure in the Netherlands
Pursuant to the Dutch Financial Markets Supervision Act (Wet op het financieel toezicht), any person who directly or indirectly acquires or disposes of an actual or potential interest in the capital or voting rights of Just Eat Takeaway.com must immediately notify the AFM by means of a standard form, if, as a result of such acquisition or disposal, the percentage of capital interest or voting rights held by such person in Just Eat Takeaway.com reaches, exceeds or falls below any of the following thresholds: 3%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 75% and 95%. A notification requirement also applies if a person’s capital interest or voting rights reaches, exceeds or falls below the above mentioned thresholds as a result of a change in Just Eat Takeaway.com’s total issued share capital or voting rights. Such notification must be made no later than the fourth trading day after the AFM has published Just Eat Takeaway.com’s notification of the change in its outstanding share capital.
Security ownership disclosure in the UK
In addition, pursuant to the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules and subject to certain exemptions, a person is required to disclose the percentage of his, her or its voting rights attributable to his, her or its holding of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares (or deemed holding through his, her or its direct or indirect holding of related financial instruments) if the percentage of those voting rights reaches, exceeds or falls below certain thresholds pursuant to the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules. The relevant thresholds for non-UK issuers are 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 50% and 75%. The notification must be made to Just Eat Takeaway.com as soon as possible, but in any event no later than four trading days after the date on which the relevant person: (i) learns of the acquisition or disposal or of the possibility of exercising voting rights, or on which, having regard to the circumstances, should have learned of it, regardless of the date on which the acquisition, disposal or possibility of exercising voting rights takes effect; or (ii) is informed about events changing the breakdown of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s voting rights.
For more details, see “Description of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares” beginning on page 271 of this proxy statement/prospectus.
The following information was on record in the AFM register on 20 April 2021 of persons that reported the ownership of an actual or potential interest of 3% or more in the capital or voting rights of Just Eat Takeaway.com:
Name of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholder
Date of
Notification(1)
Number of
Shares(2)
Ownership
Percentage
Number of
Voting
Rights
Voting
Rights
Percentage
Morgan Stanley
12 Feb. 2020
25,433,913
18.06%
25,433,913
18.06%
J. Groen
31 Jan. 2020
15,304,796
11.13%
15,304,796
11.13%
Delivery Hero SE
9 Sep. 2020
15,728,500
10.68%
15,728,500
10.68%
Capital Research and Management Company(3)
2 Feb. 2021
0
0.00%
7,740,937
5.20%
Tiger Global Management LLC
13 Apr. 2021
7,692,497
5.17%
7,692,497
5.17%
Cat Rock Capital Management LP
30 Dec. 2020
7,439,760
5.00%
7,439,760
5.00%
BlackRock, Inc.
9 Apr. 2021
6,732,580
4.52%
7,829,828
5.26%
FIL Limited
13 Apr. 2021
5,056,910
3.40%
4,841,854
3.25%
UBS Group AG
5 Feb. 2021
4,624,299
3.11%
4,624,299
3.11%
This table, including all numbers of shares, numbers of voting rights, and respective percentages thereof, reflects filings with the AFM register of direct and indirect shareholdings, whether actually or potentially held, as of 20 April 2021 and does not, for the avoidance of doubt, convey a statement of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s views as to whether or not any such shareholder is entitled to hold such shares.
(1)
As indicated by the applicable notification on record in the AFM register.
(2)
Just Eat Takeaway.com CDIs trade on the London Stock Exchange and, as a result, it may be possible that holders of Just Eat
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Takeaway.com CDIs have submitted filings with the AFM register reflecting voting rights to which holders of Just Eat Takeaway.com CDIs are entitled while reflecting no direct ownership of the corresponding Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying such Just Eat Takeaway.com CDIs.
(3)
EuroPacific Growth Fund, which is managed by Capital Research and Management Company, also submitted a notification to the AFM register on 2 February 2021. The reported ownership interest of EuroPacific Growth Fund pursuant to such notification is included within the reported ownership interest of Capital Research and Management Company.
To the knowledge of Just Eat Takeaway.com management, none of the above Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders hold voting rights which are different from those held by other Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders and there are no shareholdings that carry special rights relating to control of Just Eat Takeaway.com.
As of 20 April 2021, to Just Eat Takeaway.com’s knowledge, approximately 28% of the outstanding Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, including Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares represented by Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs, are beneficially owned by Just Eat Takeaway.com Shareholders that are resident in the United States. Based on information received from Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, the Just Eat Takeaway.com ADS depositary, there were    Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares represented by Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs outstanding and       holders of record of such Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs with a registered address in the United States as of    2021.
Just Eat Takeaway.com is not directly or indirectly owned or controlled by another corporation or by any government. Just Eat Takeaway.com does not know of any arrangements that may, at a subsequent date, result in a change of control of Just Eat Takeaway.com.
Significant Changes in Ownership
On 1 April 2019, in connection with and as partial consideration for the German Business Acquisition,Delivery Hero was issued 5,733,726 ordinary shares in the share capital of Takeaway.com N.V. and 3,766,274 warrants granting rights to acquire 3,766,274 ordinary shares in the share capital of Just Eat Takeaway.com.As per 21 May 2019, the 3,766,274 warrants were converted into Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares.
On 15 January 2021, Tiger Global Management LLC, via Tiger Global Long Opportunities Master Fund, L.P. and Tiger Global Investments, L.P., acquired 6,544,000 Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares, which, at the time of purchase, represented 4.40% of outstanding Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares.
Security Ownership of Just Eat Takeaway.com Officers and Directors
The following table sets forth information as of 20 April 2021 with respect to the beneficial ownership of Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares held by each of Just Eat Takeaway.com’s named executive officers, each of the current Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors and for all current Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors as a group. As at 20 April 2021, none of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors held any Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares.
Name
Position
Number of
Shares
Percentage of
Shares
Jitse Groen
Chief  Executive  Officer  and
Managing Director
15,318,766
10.29%
Brent Wissink
Chief  Financial  Officer  and
Managing Director
115,581
0.08%
Jörg Gerbig
Chief  Operating  Officer  and
Managing  Director
310,000
0.21%
Total
 
15,744,347
10.58%
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LEGAL MATTERS
The validity of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares issuable pursuant to the Transaction will be passed upon for Just Eat Takeaway.com by De Brauw Blackstone Westbroek N.V.
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PROVISIONS FOR UNAFFILIATED STOCKHOLDERS
No provision has been made (1) to grant unaffiliated Grubhub Stockholders access to the corporate files of Grubhub, Just Eat Takeaway.com or any of their respective affiliates or (2) to obtain counsel for unaffiliated Grubhub Stockholders at the expense of Grubhub or any other such party or affiliate.
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HOUSEHOLDING OF PROXY MATERIALS
The SEC has adopted rules that permit companies and intermediaries (e.g., brokers) to satisfy the delivery requirements for proxy statements with respect to two or more stockholders sharing the same address by delivering a single proxy statement addressed to such stockholders. This delivery method is referred to as “householding” and can result in extra convenience for stockholders and cost savings for companies. Grubhub will be “householding” this proxy statement/prospectus. Only one copy of this proxy statement/prospectus will be delivered to multiple Grubhub Stockholders sharing an address, unless contrary instructions have been received from affected Grubhub Stockholders prior to the mailing date. If, at any time, you no longer wish to participate in “householding” and would prefer to receive a separate copy of this proxy statement/prospectus, please contact Broadridge Householding Department by phone at 1-866-540-7095 or by mail to Broadridge, Householding Department, 51 Mercedes Way, Edgewood, NY 11717. Upon written or oral request, you will be promptly delivered, without charge, a separate copy of this proxy statement/prospectus.
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EXPERTS
Just Eat Takeaway.com Group
The financial statements of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group included in this proxy statement/prospectus have been audited by Deloitte Accountants B.V., an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report appearing herein (which report expresses an unqualified opinion on the financial statements and includes an explanatory paragraph referring to a change in accounting principle). Such financial statements have been so included in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
Just Eat Group
The financial statements of the Just Eat Group included in this proxy statement/prospectus have been audited by Deloitte LLP, independent auditors, as stated in their report appearing herein (which report expresses an unqualified opinion on the financial statements and includes emphasis of matter paragraphs referring to uncertain tax positions, to the restatement of the 2018 financial statements and to the adoption of a new accounting standard). Such financial statements have been so included in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
Grubhub
The financial statements of Grubhub incorporated in this proxy statement/prospectus by reference to Grubhub’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended 31 December 2020 have been so incorporated in reliance on the report of Crowe LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.
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SERVICE OF PROCESS AND ENFORCEABILITY OF CIVIL LIABILITIES
Just Eat Takeaway.com is a public company with limited liability (naamloze vennootschap) incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands and has its statutory seat (statutaire zetel) in Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
The majority of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Management Board and the majority of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Board reside outside the United States. A substantial portion of Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s assets and the assets of those non-resident persons are located outside the United States. As a result, it may not be possible for investors to effect service of process within the United States upon Just Eat Takeaway.com or those persons or to enforce against Just Eat Takeaway.com or them, either inside or outside the United States, judgments obtained in U.S. courts, or to enforce in U.S. courts, judgments obtained against them in courts in jurisdictions outside the United States, in any action predicated upon civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the United States.
For a more detailed discussion of the rights of shareholders under Delaware law and Dutch law in relation to the bringing of shareholder suits, see “Comparison of Shareholder Rights” beginning on page 289 of this proxy statement/prospectus. In particular, there is no treaty between the Netherlands and the United States providing for reciprocal recognition and enforcement of judgments, other than arbitration awards, in civil and commercial matters. Accordingly, a final judgment rendered by a court in the United States will not be recognized and enforced by the Dutch courts. However, if a person has obtained a final judgment without appeal in such a matter rendered by a court in the United States which is enforceable in the United States and files their claim with the competent Dutch court, the Dutch court will recognize and give effect to such foreign judgment insofar as it finds that (i) the jurisdiction of the U.S. court has been based on grounds which are internationally acceptable, (ii) the principles of proper legal procedures (behoorlijke rechtspleging) have been observed, (iii) the judgment does not contravene Dutch public policy, and (iv) the judgment is not irreconcilable with a judgment of a Dutch court given between the same parties or an earlier judgment of a foreign court given between the same parties in a dispute concerning the same subject matter and based on the same cause of action, provided that such judgment is capable of being recognized in the Netherlands.
In addition, a Dutch court might not accept jurisdiction and impose civil liability in an action commenced in the Netherlands and predicated solely upon U.S. federal securities laws. Furthermore, awards of punitive damages in actions brought in the United States or elsewhere may be unenforceable in jurisdictions outside the United States.
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FUTURE SHAREHOLDER PROPOSALS
If the Transaction is completed, Grubhub will become a wholly owned subsidiary of Just Eat Takeaway.com and, consequently, will not hold subsequent meetings of the Grubhub Stockholders. Grubhub does not intend to hold an annual meeting in 2021 unless the Transaction is not completed.
Grubhub’s proxy statement for the 2020 annual meeting of Grubhub Stockholders contained information regarding presentation of stockholder proposals under Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act or other business or nominations at a 2021 annual meeting of Grubhub Stockholders:
Grubhub Stockholders who intended to have a proposal considered for inclusion in Grubhub’s proxy materials for a 2021 annual meeting of Grubhub Stockholders pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act must submit the proposal in writing to Grubhub’s Secretary at Grubhub Inc., 111 W. Washington Street, Suite 2100, Chicago, Illinois 60602, by no later than 10 December 2020 and otherwise comply with the requirements of the SEC for stockholder proposals.
Grubhub Stockholders who intended to bring a proposal before a 2021 annual meeting of Grubhub Stockholders, or to nominate persons for election as directors, in accordance with the advance notice provisions of Grubhub’s amended and restated bylaws, were required give timely written notice to Grubhub’s Secretary of such proposal or nomination. To be timely, the notice must have been delivered to the above address not less than 90 days nor more than 120 days prior to the one-year anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting of Grubhub Stockholders. Accordingly, to be timely, a notice must have been received not later than 18 February 2021 nor earlier than 19 January 2021 (assuming a 2021 annual meeting of Grubhub Stockholders is held not more than 30 days before or more than 60 days after 19 May 2021). No shareholder proposals or nominations were timely received in accordance with the foregoing requirements.
If a 2021 annual meeting of Grubhub Stockholders is held more than 30 days before or more than 60 days after 19 May 2021, then, for notice to be timely, it must be delivered to the address above not later than the close of business on the later of (i) the 90th day prior to such annual meeting, or (ii) the tenth day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such annual meeting is first made. Each notice must describe the stockholder proposal in reasonable detail and otherwise comply with the requirements set forth in Grubhub’s amended and restated bylaws.
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WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
Just Eat Takeaway.com has filed a registration statement on Form F-4 to register with the SEC the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares underlying the New Just Eat Takeaway.com ADSs to be issued to Grubhub Stockholders as the merger consideration. This proxy statement/prospectus is a part of that registration statement and constitutes a prospectus of Just Eat Takeaway.com in addition to being a proxy statement of Grubhub for its special meeting. The registration statement, including the attached annexes and exhibits, contains additional relevant information about Just Eat Takeaway.com and the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares. The rules and regulations of the SEC allow Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub to omit certain information included in the registration statement from this proxy statement/prospectus.
Grubhub files annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC under the Exchange Act. The SEC also maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers, including Grubhub, which file electronically with the SEC. The address of that website is www.sec.gov. Investors may also consult Just Eat Takeaway.com’s and Grubhub’s websites for more information about Just Eat Takeaway.com or Grubhub, respectively, as well as the Transaction website. Just Eat Takeaway.com’s website is www.justeattakeaway.com. Grubhub’s website is www.grubhub.com.
The web addresses of the SEC, Just Eat Takeaway.com, Grubhub and the Transaction have been included as inactive textual references only. These websites and the information contained therein or connected thereto are not intended to be incorporated into this proxy statement/prospectus. Except as specifically incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus, information on those websites is not part of this proxy statement/prospectus.
The SEC allows Just Eat Takeaway.com and Grubhub to “incorporate by reference” into this proxy statement/prospectus information that Grubhub files with the SEC, which means that important information can be disclosed to you by referring you to those documents and those documents will be considered part of this proxy statement/prospectus. The information incorporated by reference is an important part of this proxy statement/prospectus. Certain information that is subsequently filed with the SEC will automatically update and supersede information in this proxy statement/prospectus and in earlier filings with the SEC. This proxy statement/prospectus also contains summaries of certain provisions contained in some of the Just Eat Takeaway.com or Grubhub documents described in this proxy statement/prospectus, but reference is made to the actual documents for complete information. All of these summaries are qualified in their entirety by reference to the actual documents.
The information and documents listed below, which Grubhub has filed with the SEC, are incorporated by reference into this prospectus:
Grubhub SEC Filings (File No. 1-36389)
Grubhub’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended 31 December 2020, filed with the SEC on 26 February 2021; and
the description of Grubhub Shares contained in Grubhub’s registration statement on Form 8-A filed with the SEC on 1 April 2014.
In addition, all documents filed by Grubhub with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act after the date this proxy statement/prospectus was first filed and before the date of the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus and made a part of this proxy statement/prospectus from the respective dates of filing; provided, however, that Grubhub is not incorporating any information furnished under Items 2.02 or 7.01 of any Current Report on Form 8-K unless specifically stated otherwise. These documents include periodic reports, such as Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K, as well as proxy statements.
Just Eat Takeaway.com has supplied all information contained in or incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus relating to Just Eat Takeaway.com, as well as the Pro Forma Financial Information, and Grubhub has supplied all such information contained in or incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus relating to Grubhub.
Documents incorporated by reference are available from Just Eat Takeaway.com or Grubhub, as the case may be, without charge, excluding any exhibits to those documents, unless the exhibit is specifically incorporated
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by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus. You may obtain these documents incorporated by reference by requesting them in writing or by telephone from the appropriate party at the following addresses and telephone numbers:
Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V.
Company Secretariat
Oosterdoksstraat 80
1011 DK Amsterdam
The Netherlands
+31 (0)20 210 7000
Grubhub Inc.
Office of the Secretary
111 W. Washington Street
Suite 2100
Chicago, Illinois 60602
+1 (877) 585-7878
If you would like to request documents, please do so by no later than five business days before the date of the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting (which is      ). In addition, if you have any questions concerning the Transaction, the Merger Agreement, the Grubhub Stockholder Meeting or the accompanying proxy statement/prospectus, or if you would like additional copies of the accompanying proxy statement/prospectus (at no charge) or need help submitting a proxy to have your Grubhub Shares voted, please contact Innisfree M&A Incorporated, Grubhub’s proxy solicitor. Grubhub Stockholders may call toll-free at (877) 717-3936; banks and brokers may call collect at (212) 750-5833.
You should not rely on information that purports to be made by or on behalf of Just Eat Takeaway.com or Grubhub other than the information contained in or incorporated by reference into this proxy statement/prospectus. Neither Just Eat Takeaway.com nor Grubhub has authorized anyone to provide you with information on behalf of Just Eat Takeaway.com or Grubhub, respectively, that is different from what is contained in this proxy statement/prospectus.
If you are in a jurisdiction where offers to exchange or sell, or solicitations of offers to exchange or purchase, the securities offered by this proxy statement/prospectus or solicitations of proxies are unlawful, or if you are a person to whom it is unlawful to direct these types of activities, then the offer presented in this proxy statement/prospectus does not extend to you.
This proxy statement/prospectus is dated       2021. You should not assume that the information in it is accurate as of any date other than that date or the date of a document that is incorporated by reference, as applicable, and neither its mailing to Grubhub Stockholders nor the issuance of the New Just Eat Takeaway.com Shares in the Transaction will create any implication to the contrary.
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INDEX TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
Page
Audited Consolidated Financial Statements of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group as of 31 December 2020 and 2019 and for each of the years in the three-year period ended 31 December 2020
 
F-2
F-5
F-6
F-7
F-8
F-9
See “Where You Can Find More Information” beginning on page 320 on this proxy statement/prospectus.
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Deloitte Accountants B.V.
Gustav Mahlerlaan 2970
1081 LA Amsterdam
Postbus 58110
1040 HC Amsterdam
Nederlands

Tel: +31 (0)88 288 2888
Fax: +31 (0)88 288 9737
www.deloitte.nl
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the shareholders and the Management Board of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V.
REPORT ON THE AUDIT OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2020 INCLUDED IN THE ANNUAL REPORT
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V and subsidiaries (the “Company” or the “Group”) as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the related consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive loss, changes in equity, and cash flows, for each of the three years 2020, 2019 and 2018 and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years 2020, 2019 and 2018, in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.
Change in Accounting Principle
As discussed in Note 2 to the financial statements, the Company changed its method of accounting for leases effective Januay 1, 2019 due to the adoption of IFRS 16 Leases.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our most challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.
Deloitte Accountants B.V. is registered with the Trade Register of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry in Rotterdam number 24362853. Deloitte Accountants B.V. is a Netherlands affiliate of Deloitte NSE LLP, a member firm of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited.
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Business combinations — Valuation of Intangible Assets from the acquisition of Just Eat plc - Refer to Notes 11 and 13 to the financial statements
Critical Audit Matter Description
During 2020, the Company acquired 100% of the shares of Just Eat plc for EUR 7,4 billion. The acquisition was accounted for using the acquisition method and the consideration transferred was measured at fair value. The Company measured the identifiable assets and liabilities acquired at fair value based on estimated future cash flows expected to arise from the assets and applying an appropriate discount rate in order to calculate present value.
We identified the measurement of the identifiable assets and liabilities acquired from Just Eat plc at fair value as a critical audit matter, because of the significant level of management judgement used to calculate the discount rate and the royalty rate included in the fair value of brands, including use of valuation models and reliable source documentation. This required a high degree of auditor judgment, including the need to involve our valuation specialists, when performing audit procedures to evaluate the reasonableness of management’s estimates used in the purchase price allocation.
How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit
Our audit procedures related to the valuation of intangible assets in the Just Eat plc acquisition included, but were not limited to, the following:
We obtained an understanding of management’s controls over acquisition accounting.
We obtained contractual information, business plans and forecasts to evaluate management’s analysis in relation to forecasted growth and compared assumptions used in projections to historical data, external market reports and the Company’s announcements to the market.
With the assistance of our valuation specialists, we evaluated the valuation model used and the key assumptions applied. We evaluated the reasonableness of management’s methodology, developed an independent range of estimates to test the discount rate and evaluated current market data to evaluate the royalty rate.
We evaluated the reasonableness of changes made to the updated purchase price allocation, in comparison to the initial purchase price allocation, by validating inputs with historical data and external sources and evaluating key business assumptions.
Revenue — Refer to Note 3 to the financial statements
The Company’s revenue of EUR 2,0 billion is derived primarily from commission fees paid by restaurants for use of the Group’s platforms in connecting restaurants to consumers. Commission revenue is primarily earned from restaurants on a per order basis as a percentage of the Gross Merchandise Value and consists of a high volume of transactions.
As of December 31, 2020, the Company identified material weaknesses in its internal controls. These material weaknesses included ineffective general information technology controls (GITCs) that are significant to the revenue process. Automated and manual business process controls that are dependent on these ineffective GITCs were also determined to be ineffective.
We identified revenue as a critical audit matter because of the material weaknesses related to the Company’s systems to process and record revenue and we were not able to rely on the operating effectiveness of such controls in this highly automated environment for our audit of revenue. The inability to rely on controls required the performance of incremental audit procedures over revenue, including the need to involve our IT specialists and professionals with expertise in data analytics, especially as it relates to the nature and extent of these incremental procedures to validate the accuracy and completeness of revenue.
How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit
Our audit procedures for revenue as a result of the material weaknesses in GITCs included, but were not limited to, the following:
Our IT specialists performed additional audit procedures related to privileged access rights to IT applications, in response to the GITC deficiencies.
We selected a sample of transactions and compared the amounts recorded to underlying supporting documentation including contracts with restaurants, cash disbursements received and, invoices to evaluate the accuracy of order data in the system.
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Our IT specialists audited management’s database reconciliation of a reciprocal independent order population with the order registration IT system to evaluate the completeness of order data in the system.
We involved data analytics specialists to assist us in performing statistical substantive analytical procedures on revenue and evaluating the results.
Revenue Accounting — Principal versus Agent revenue recognition — Refer to Note 2 (principal versus agent revenue recognition) and Note 3 to the financial statements
Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. recognizes revenue when it transfers control of a product or service to a customer. The Company’s revenue of EUR 2,0 billion is derived primarily from commission fees paid by restaurants and consumer delivery fees. Commission revenue is primarily earned from restaurants on a per order basis as a percentage of the Gross Merchandise Value. The commission fee charged covers both the order facilitation service performance obligation, as well as the delivery services performance obligation, if applicable.
The Management Board has concluded that the Company:
Acts as an agent for marketplace services, as the Company arranges for the restaurants to provide their service to the consumer. Fulfilment of the food order always remains the responsibility and control of the restaurant, as the Company does not pre-purchase or otherwise obtain control of the restaurant's goods or services prior to the transfer to the consumer. Order facilitation service revenue is recorded on a net basis.
Acts as a principal for delivery services revenue charged to the restaurant and consumer, as the Company controls the delivery services prior to their transfer to the customer. The Company is responsible for identifying and directing the couriers to perform the delivery services and has control over and discretion in establishing the delivery price. Delivery services revenue is recorded on a gross basis.
Critical management judgement is required in evaluating the delivery revenue recognition, specifically in determining whether the Company controls the service or not.
We identified the evaluation of delivery revenue recognition as a critical audit matter because of the judgement and audit effort required to evaluate the Group’s Delivery services revenue recognition.
How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit
Our audit procedures in evaluating the revenue recognition for delivery revenue included, but were not limited to, the following:
We evaluated management’s internal controls around the presentation of revenue.
We obtained and evaluated terms and conditions and contracts with consumers, restaurants and couriers.
We evaluated the presentation of Delivery services revenue as gross by comparing the attributes of the underlying contracts with consumers, restaurants and couriers to the Company’s accounting policy and the requirements of IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“IFRS 15”).
We challenged the position paper prepared by the Company,with assistance of our IFRS 15 specialists.
Amsterdam, 26 April 2021
/s/ Deloitte Accountants B.V.
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Consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive loss
for the year ended 31 December
€ millions
Note
2020
2019
2018
Revenue
3
2,042
416
232
Courier costs
4
(727)
(70)
(22)
Order processing costs
4
(193)
(41)
(22)
Staff costs
5
(464)
(112)
(56)
Other operating expenses
7
(608)
(234)
(158)
Depreciation and amortisation
13 , 14 , 25
(174)
(35)
(8)
Operating loss
 
(124)
(76)
(34)
 
 
 
 
 
Share of results of associates and joint ventures
15
(16)
(0)
Finance income
8
3
0
0
Finance expense
8
(30)
(16)
(1)
Other gains and losses
 
2
6
Loss before income tax
 
(165)
(86)
(35)
 
 
 
 
 
Income tax expense
9
(5)
(35)
28
Loss for the period
 
(170)
(121)
(7)
 
 
 
 
 
Other comprehensive (loss) / income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:
 
 
 
 
Fair value gain/(loss) on investments in equity instruments through OCI
11
323
 
 
 
 
 
Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency translation (loss) / gain related to foreign operations, net
 
(357)
16
(3)
Other comprehensive (loss) / income for the period
 
(34)
16
(3)
Total comprehensive loss for the period
 
(204)
(105)
(10)
 
 
 
 
 
Loss attributable to:
 
 
 
 
Owners of the Company
 
(170)
(121)
(7)
Non-controlling interests
 
0
 
 
 
 
 
Total comprehensive loss attributable to:
 
 
 
 
Owners of the Company
 
(204)
(105)
(10)
Non-controlling interests
 
0
 
 
 
 
 
Loss per share (expressed in € per share)
 
 
 
 
Basic loss per share
21
(1.21)
(2.08)
(0.17)
Diluted loss per share
21
(1.21)
(2.08)
(0.17)
The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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Consolidated statement of financial position
as at 31 December
€ millions
Note
2020
2019
Assets
 
 
 
Goodwill
12
4,614
1,102
Other intangible assets
13
3,207
373
Property and equipment
14
47
12
Right-of-use assets
25
77
24
Investments in associates and joint ventures
15
1,575
Deferred tax assets
9
2
Other non-current assets
 
12
11
Total non-current assets
 
9,532
1,524
 
 
 
 
Trade and other receivables
16
162
44
Other current assets
17
100
32
Current tax assets
9
17
7
Inventories
18
14
4
Cash and cash equivalents
19
529
50
Total current assets
 
822
137
Total assets
 
10,354
1,661
 
 
 
 
Equity and liabilities
 
 
 
Total shareholders’ equity
20
8,481
1,134
Non-controlling interests
 
5
Total equity
 
8,486
1,134
 
 
 
 
Borrowings
22
474
222
Deferred tax liabilities
9
546
44
Lease liability
25
66
17
Other non-current liabilities
 
2
Total non-current liabilities
 
1,088
283
 
 
 
 
Borrowings
22
9
21
Lease liability
25
21
10
Trade and other liabilities
23
713
171
Current tax liabilities
9
37
42
Total current liabilities
 
780
244
Total liabilities
 
1,868
527
Total equity and liabilities
 
10,354
1,661
The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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Consolidated statement of changes in equity
€ millions
Note
Share
capital
Share
premium
Equity-settled
share-based
payments
reserve
Option premium
on convertible
bonds
Fair value
through
OCI1
Foreign
currency
translation and
other reserves
Accumulated
deficits
Total
shareholders'
equity
Non-
controlling
interest
Total
equity
 
 
 
 
Legal reserves
Other reserves
 
 
 
Balance as at 1 January 2018
 
2
250
2
 
(0)
(104)
150
150
Total comprehensive income (loss)
 
(3)
(7)
(10)
(10)
Issuance of shares
 
0
0
0
0
Issuance of shares related to business combinations
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Transactions costs
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Issuance of convertible bonds
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Share-based payments
 
0
0
3
3
3
Balance as at 31 December 2018
 
2
250
5
(3)
(111)
143
143
Initial application of IFRS 16
 
(1)
(1)
(1)
Balance as at 1 January 2019
 
2
250
5
(3)
(112)
142
142
Total comprehensive income / (loss)
 
16
(121)
(105)
(105)
Issuance of shares
 
0
430
430
430
Issuance of shares related to business combinations
 
1
652
653
653
Transactions costs
 
(12)
(12)
(12)
Issuance of convertible bonds
 
23
23
23
Share-based payments
 
0
4
(1)
3
3
Balance as at 31 December 2019
 
3
1,324
4
23
13
(233)
1,134
1,134
Balance as at 1 January 2020
 
3
1,324
4
23
13
(233)
1,134
1,134
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total comprehensive income / (loss)
 
323
(357)
(170)
(204)
(204)
Issuance of shares
20
0
400
400
400
Issuance of shares related to business combinations
11
3
7,104
7,107
5
7,112
Transactions costs
11
(31)
(31)
(31)
Issuance of convertible bonds
22
51
51
51
Share-based payments
6
0
4
20
24
24
Balance as at 31 December 2020
 
6
8,801
24
74
323
(344)
(403)
8,481
5
8,486
1
Fair value gain on our investment in Just Eat prior to obtaining control, refer to Note 11 Business combinations.
2
In 2020, Just Eat Takeaway.com changed its accounting policy to present share options exercised as part of share premium instead of accumulated deficits.
The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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Consolidated statement of cash flows
for the year ended 31 December
€ millions
Note
2020
2019
2018
Loss for the period
 
(170)
(121)
(7)
Adjustments:
 
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortisation
13 , 14 , 25
174
35
8
Gain on joint venture disposal
 
(6)
Share of results of associates and joint ventures
15
16
0
Expense related to share-based payments
6
23
3
3
Finance income and expense recognized in profit or loss
8
27
16
1
Other non-cash adjustments
 
2
0
Income tax expense / (income) recognized in profit or loss
9
5
35
(28)
 
 
75
(36)
(23)
Movement in working capital
 
 
 
 
(Increase) in inventories
11, 18
(6)
0
(2)
(Increase) / decrease in trade and other receivables
11, 16
(38)
(8)
1
(Increase) in other current assets
11, 17
(68)
(27)
Increase in trade and other liabilities
11, 23
262
18
28
Net cash generated by / (used in) operations
 
225
(53)
4
 
 
 
 
 
Interest paid
8
(14)
(7)
(1)
Income taxes paid
9
(33)
(3)
(5)
Net cash generated by / (used in) operating activities
 
178
(63)
(2)
 
 
 
 
 
Cash flows from investing activities
 
 
 
 
Investment in other intangible assets
13
(16)
(1)
(1)
Investment in property and equipment
14
(27)
(8)
(4)
Repayments / (proceeds) of loans carried at amortised cost
 
2
(1)
Acquisition of subsidiaries, net of cash acquired
11
113
(489)
(125)
Investment in equity instruments
 
(7)
Proceeds from sale of investment in joint venture
 
6
Funding provided to associates and joint ventures
15
(55)
Net cash generated by / (used in) investing activities
 
15
(497)
(131)
 
 
 
 
 
Cash flows from financing activities
 
 
 
 
Proceeds from issue of ordinary shares
20
400
431
0
Transaction costs related to issue of ordinary shares
11
(31)
(12)
Principal elements of lease payments
26
(12)
(8)
Proceeds from borrowings
22 , 26
434
265
150
Transaction costs related to the borrowings
22 , 26
(6)
(6)
Repayments of the loan related to acquisition
 
(17)
Repayments of borrowings
22 , 26
(493)
(150)
Net cash generated by financing activities
 
292
520
133
 
 
 
 
 
Net increase / (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
 
485
(40)
0
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of year
19
50
90
90
Effects of exchange rate changes of cash held in foreign currencies
 
(6)
(0)
(0)
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of year
19
529
50
90
The accompanying Notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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Notes to the consolidated financial statements
1 General
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is a leading online food delivery marketplace focused on connecting consumers and restaurants through its platforms.
Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., formerly known as Takeaway.com N.V. and renamed as per 31 January 2020 (the “Company”), is a public limited liability company incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands and domiciled in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. The Company and the entities controlled by the Company (its subsidiaries) are referred to herein as “the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group”, with the Company being the ultimate parent. The Company's shares are quoted on Euronext Amsterdam (ticker symbol: TKWY) and since 3 February 2020 its CREST Depositary Interest (“CDIs”) are listed on the London Stock Exchange (ticker symbol: JET). The Company is registered at the Commercial Register of the Chamber of Commerce in Amsterdam, the Netherlands under number 08142836.
Amounts in these Notes to the consolidated financial statements (the “Notes”) are in € millions unless related to number and/or nominal value of shares, number and/or fair value elements of share options, or stated otherwise. Due to rounding, amounts in the tables may not add up precisely to the totals provided. Percentages used are based on unrounded figures.
Just Eat Acquisition
On 31 January 2020, the all-share combination between Just Eat Limited, formerly Just Eat plc (together with its subsidiaries “Just Eat”) and Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., formerly Takeaway.com N.V., the “Just Eat Acquisition”, was declared wholly unconditional. On 15 April 2020, following the lifting of a hold separate order issued by the CMA on 30 January 2020, Just Eat was consolidated into the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group.
The primary reasons for the Just Eat Acquisition were to create one of the largest food delivery companies in the world, with scale, strategic vision and industry-leading capabilities; to acquire leading positions in attractive markets and a diversified geographic presence; to expand the product offering; and to create significant value through economies of scale.
Refer also to Note 11 Business combinations.
2 Basis of preparation
Statement of compliance
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”). The consolidated financial statements do not constitute the Company’s statutory accounts for the years ended 31 December 2020, 31 December 2019 or 31 December 2018.
The consolidated financial statements are prepared for the purpose of filing the registration statement on Form F-4 with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, in connection with the proposed acquisition of Grubhub Inc. by the Company via an all-share combination. These consolidated financial statements are not the statutory consolidated financial statements of the Company. Certain amounts reported in these consolidated financial statements differ from the amounts included in the statutory consolidated financial statements due to the timing of certain adjustments made in the statutory consolidated financial statements for the years ended 31 December 2020 and 2019, relating to the years ended 31 December 2019 and 2018, respectively. In addition, due to the timing of issuance of these consolidated financial statements, certain updates were made in relation to the measurement period for the Just Eat Acquisition and events identified between the time the statutory consolidated financial statements were authorised for issue and the time these consolidated financial statements were authorised for issue. The impact of these measurement period adjustments on the acquisition date fair value of each major class of assets acquired, liabilities assumed and goodwill recognised is disclosed in Note 11 Business combinations. In addition, reference is made to Note 9 Income taxes, Note 10 Operating segments, Note 12 Goodwill, Note 13 Other intangible assets, Note 29 Contingent liabilities and Note 31 Events after the reporting period.
The statutory consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with IFRS as adopted for use in the European Union by the European Commission and in conformity with Part 9 of Book 2 of the Dutch Civil Code.
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The statutory consolidated financial statements 2020 were authorised for issue by the Management Board and Supervisory Board on 10 March 2021 and by the shareholders in the Annual General Meeting to be held on 12 May 2021. The statutory consolidated financial statements 2019 were authorised for issue by the Management Board and Supervisory Board on 12 February 2020 and by the shareholders in the Annual General Meeting on 14 May 2020. The statutory consolidated financial statements 2018 were authorised for issue by the Management Board and Supervisory Board on 13 February 2019 and by the shareholders in the Annual General Meeting on 14 May 2019. Those statutory financial statements, which were audited in accordance with International Standards on Auditing, remain as issued and approved in line with Dutch requirements.
The consolidated financial statements were authorised for issue by the Management Board of the Company (the “Management Board”, and members of the Management Board, “Managing Directors”) and the Supervisory Board of the Company (the “Supervisory Board”, and members of the Supervisory Board, “Supervisory Directors”) on 26 April 2021. The adoption of these consolidated financial statements is reserved for the shareholders in the Annual General Meeting (“AGM”) scheduled for 12 May 2021.
Basis of measurement
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis unless stated otherwise. Income and expenses are accounted for on an accrual basis.
Reference is made to the significant accounting policies as included in the relevant Notes to the consolidated financial statements and Company financial statements for more detailed information on the measurement basis. These policies have consistently been applied by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group.
Fair value
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, regardless of whether that price is directly observable or estimated using another valuation technique. In estimating the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group considers the characteristics of the asset or liability if market participants would take those characteristics into account when pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. Fair value for measurement and/or disclosure purposes in these consolidated financial statements is determined on such a basis, except for share-based payment transactions that are within the scope of IFRS 2, leasing transactions that are within the scope of IFRS 16, and measurements that have some similarities to fair value but are not fair value, such as net realisable value in IAS 2 or value in use in IAS 36.
All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the consolidated financial statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:
Level 1:
Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2:
Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable.
Level 3:
Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable.
Going concern
The Management Board has assessed the going concern assumptions of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group during the preparation of the consolidated financial statements. This assessment includes considerations of the impact of Covid-19, which did not have a negative effect on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group's operations or the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group's ability to meet any of its current obligations. There are no events or conditions that give rise to doubt the ability of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group to continue as a going concern for a period of twelve months after the preparation of the consolidated financial statements. The assessment includes knowledge of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, the estimated economic outlook and identified risks and uncertainties in relation thereto. Furthermore, the review of our strategic plan and budget, including expected developments in liquidity, debt and capital were considered. Consequently, it has been concluded that it is reasonable to apply the going concern concept as the underlying assumption for the consolidated financial statements.
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Covid-19
The onset of the Covid-19 pandemic during the first quarter of 2020 and the ensuing lockdown introduced by governments across our markets has had an impact on our business. The online food delivery sector remained resilient relative to other sectors. After some initial disruption, overall business performance recovered strongly during 2020. The overall impact of Covid-19 on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group's financial condition and results of operations has been positive as order growth rates have accelerated with more consumers joining the platforms and ordering online. The economic uncertainty caused by the Covid-19 pandemic and the extent to which the Covid-19 pandemic will continue to impact the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s businesses, operations and financial results, including the duration and magnitude of such effects, will depend on numerous unpredictable factors. The Management Board will continue to monitor these factors and the impact thereof on its business and results of operations.
During this period of disruption and uncertainty, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has committed to support its restaurants, couriers and people as the spread of the virus continues to impact communities across the world.
Basis of consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and the entities controlled by the Company (its subsidiaries).
Control
The Company controls an entity when it has power over the entity, is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity, and has the ability to use its power to affect its returns. The Company reassesses whether or not it controls an investee if facts and circumstances indicate that there are changes to one or more of the three elements of control listed above. All relevant facts and circumstances are considered in assessing whether or not the Company's voting and share rights in an investee are sufficient to give it power.
Non-controlling interest
Non-controlling interests in subsidiaries are identified separately from Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V.’s equity therein. Those interests of non-controlling shareholders that are present ownership interests entitling their holders to a proportionate share of net assets upon liquidation may initially be measured at fair value or at the non-controlling interests’ proportionate share of the fair value of the acquiree’s identifiable net assets. The choice of measurement is made on an acquisition-by-acquisition basis. Other non-controlling interests are initially measured at fair value. Subsequent to acquisition, the carrying amount of non-controlling interests is the amount of those interests at initial recognition plus the non-controlling interests’ share of subsequent changes in equity.
Consolidation process
Consolidation of a subsidiary begins when control over the subsidiary is obtained and ceases when control over the subsidiary is lost. Specifically, the results of subsidiaries acquired or disposed of during the year are included in profit or loss and other comprehensive income or loss (“OCI”) from the date the Company gains control until the date when the Company ceases to control the subsidiary.
When necessary, adjustments are made to the financial statements of subsidiaries to bring their accounting policies in line with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group accounting policies. All intra-group assets and liabilities, equity, income and expenses, including any unrealised income and expenses, relating to transactions between members of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group are eliminated in full upon consolidation.
Profit or loss and each component of OCI are attributed to the shareholders of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and to the non-controlling interests. Total comprehensive income or loss of the subsidiaries is attributed to the owners of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and to the non-controlling interests even if this results in the non-controlling interests having a deficit balance.
Foreign currencies
Functional and presentation currency
These consolidated financial statements are presented in euros, which is the Company’s functional currency and the presentation currency for the consolidated financial statements.
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Foreign currency transactions
In preparing the financial statements of each individual Just Eat Takeaway.com Group entity, transactions in currencies other than the entity’s functional currency (foreign currencies) are recognised at the rates of exchange prevailing at the dates of the transactions. At the end of each reporting period, monetary assets and liabilities that are denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at that date. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are not retranslated.
Exchange differences on monetary items are recognised in profit or loss in the period in which they arise except for exchange differences on monetary items receivable from or payable to a foreign operation for which settlement is neither planned nor likely to occur (therefore forming part of the net investment in the foreign operation), which are recognised initially in OCI and reclassified from equity to profit or loss on repayment of the monetary items.
Foreign operations
The assets and liabilities of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group's foreign operations, including goodwill and fair value adjustments arising on acquisitions, are translated into euros using exchange rates prevailing at the end of each reporting period. Income and expense items are translated at the average exchange rates for the period, unless exchange rates fluctuate significantly during that period, in which case the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions are used. Exchange differences arising, if any, are recognised in OCI and accumulated in a foreign currency translation reserve as part of shareholders’ equity.
Impairment of non-financial assets
At each reporting date, the carrying amounts of non-financial assets of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group are reviewed to determine whether there is any indication that those assets may be impaired. If any indication of impairment exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine if there is any impairment loss. Goodwill is tested annually for impairment and whenever an impairment trigger is identified.
Where the asset does not generate cash flows that are independent from other assets, they are grouped together into the smallest group of assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of the cash inflows of other assets or cash-generating unit (“CGU”). Goodwill arising from a business combination is allocated to CGUs or groups of CGUs that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the business combination.
The recoverable amount is the greater of the fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. In assessing the value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present values using a discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.
An impairment loss is recognised whenever the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount. Impairment losses are recognised in profit or loss. Impairment losses recognised with regard to CGUs are allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to CGUs and then to reduce the carrying amount of the other assets in the CGU on a pro-rata basis. An impairment loss can be reversed if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. An impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the asset’s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortisation, if no impairment loss had been recognised. An impairment loss of goodwill is not subsequently reversed.
Receivables are assessed for impairment using the “expected credit loss” model, refer to Note 16 for further details.
Offsetting of financial assets and financial liabilities
Financial assets and liabilities are offset and reported as a net amount in the consolidated statement of financial position when there is a legally enforceable right to offset the amounts recognised and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. The legally enforceable right must not be contingent on future events and must be enforceable in the normal course of business and in the event of default, insolvency or bankruptcy of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group entity or the counterparty.
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Consolidated statement of cash flows
The consolidated statement of cash flows has been prepared using the indirect method. The indirect method implies that the consolidated result for the year is adjusted for items and expenses that are not cash flows and for autonomous movements in operating working capital (excluding impact from business acquisitions). Cash payments to employees and suppliers are recognised as cash flows from operating activities. Cash flows from operating activities also include costs of business acquisition and divestment-related costs, spending on provisions, and income taxes paid on operating activities.
Cash flows from investing activities are those arising from capital expenditure and disposal, additions and disposals of loans carried at amortised cost, additions and disposals of joint ventures and equity investments, and from the acquisition of business combinations. Cash and cash equivalents available at the time of acquisition or sale are deducted from the related payments or proceeds.
Cash flows from financing activities comprise the cash receipts of the exercise of share options, and payments for issued shares, debt instruments, and short-term financing.
New and amended standards
In the current period, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has mandatorily adopted a number of amendments to IFRS issued by the IASB that are effective for the current accounting period.
The following amendments to standards were applied for the first time in 2020, resulting in consequential changes to the accounting policies and other Note disclosures, where applicable:
Amendments to References to Conceptual Framework in IFRS Standards
Amendments to IFRS 3 Definition of a Business
Amendments to IAS 1 and IAS 8 Definition of Material
Amendments to IFRS 9, IAS 39 and IFRS 7 Interest Rate Benchmark Reform
The abovementioned amendments do not have a significant impact on the disclosures or on the amounts reported in these consolidated financial statements.
New and amended standards and interpretations not yet effective
Certain new accounting standards and interpretations have been issued but are not yet effective for the year ended 31 December 2020 and have not been early adopted:
Adoption of IFRS 17 Insurance contracts
Amendments to IAS 37 Onerous Contracts – Cost of fulfilling a contract
Amendments to IAS 16 Proceeds before Intended Use
Amendments to IFRS 3 Reference to the Conceptual Framework
Amendments to IAS 1 Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current
Amendments to IFRS 10 and IAS 28 Sale or Contribution of Assets between an Investor and its Associate or Joint Venture
Annual Improvements to IFRS Standards 2018-2020 Cycle: Amendments to IFRS 1 First-time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards, IFRS 9 Financial Instruments, IFRS 16 Leases, and IAS 41 Agriculture
Amendments to IFRS 4 Insurance contracts - deferral of IFRS 9
Amendments to IFRS 9, IAS 39, IFRS 7, IFRS 4 and IFRS 16 Interest rate benchmark reform - phase 2
None of the accounting standards issued but not yet effective are expected to have a significant impact on these consolidated financial statements.
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IFRS 16 Leases
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has applied IFRS 16 Leases (as issued by the IASB in January 2016) effective as of 1 January 2019. IFRS 16 replaces IAS 17 Leases and IFRIC 4.
IFRS 16 introduces significant changes to lessee accounting by removing the distinction between operating and finance leases and requiring the recognition of a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at commencement for all leases, except for short-term leases and leases of low-value assets when such recognition exemptions are adopted. In contrast to lessee accounting, the requirements for lessor accounting have remained largely unchanged.
Transition
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has adopted IFRS 16 using the modified retrospective method, under which the cumulative effect of initial application is recognised in accumulated deficits as at 1 January 2019. Accordingly, the comparatives for the year ended 31 December 2018 have not been restated, these continue to be presented based on IAS 17 and related interpretations.
As a lessee, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has adopted a number of key options and practical expedients allowed under IFRS 16, see below.
The associated right-of-use assets were measured on a retrospective basis as if the new rules had always been applied. There were no onerous lease contracts that would have required an adjustment to the right-of-use assets at the date of initial application.
When measuring lease liabilities, the lease payments are discounted using its incremental borrowing rate as at 1 January 2019. The weighted-average rate applied is 2.49%
The change in accounting policy affected the following items in the balance sheet on 1 January 2019:
€ millions
1 January
2019
Assets
 
Right-of-use assets presented in Property and equipment
15
Deferred tax assets
0
Prepayments
Total assets
15
Liabilities
 
Lease Liabilities
15
Deferred tax liabilities
Accruals
Total liabilities
15
Total adjustment on equity
1
In applying IFRS 16 for the first time, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group used the following practical expedients permitted by the standard:
the application of a single discount rate to a portfolio of leases with reasonably similar characteristics;
reliance on previous assessments on whether leases are onerous;
the accounting for operating leases with a remaining lease term of less than 12 months as at 1 January 2019 as short-term leases;
the accounting for operating leases that are considered of low value (i.e., below €5,000) as leases of low-value assets;
the exclusion of initial direct costs for the measurement of the right-of-use asset as at the date of initial application; and
the use of hindsight in determining the lease term where the contract contains an option to extend or terminate the lease.
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Lease payments on short-term leases and leases of low-value assets are recognised as expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has elected not to reassess whether a contract is or contains a lease at the date of initial application. Instead, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group relied on its assessments made earlier related to IAS 17 “Leases” and IFRIC 4 “Determining whether an Arrangement contains a Lease”.
The lease liabilities as at 1 January 2019 can be reconciled to the operating lease commitments as of 31 December 2018 as follows:
€ millions
31 December
2018
Operating lease commitments
22
Discounted using the lessee incremental borrowing rate of at the date of initial application
21
Add finance lease liabilities recognised as at 31 December 2018
Less short-term leases recognised as at 31 December 2018
0
Less low-value leases recognised on a straight-line basis as expense
(6)
Less adjustment as a result of different treatment of extension and termination options
Total
15
€ millions
1 January
2019
Lease liability recognised
 
Current lease liabilities
3
Non-current lease liabilities
12
Total
15
Reference is made to Note 25 and 26 for further disclosures on the leases.
The application of IFRS 16 has no material impact on the disclosed earnings per share.
Critical accounting judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty
In applying the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group's accounting policies, the Management Board is required to make judgements that have a significant impact on the amounts recognised and to make estimates and assumptions about the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates. The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.
Critical judgements in applying the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s accounting policies
The following are the critical accounting judgements that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognised in financial statements:
Principal versus agent revenue recognition
Judgement is required in evaluating whether we are the principal or an agent in transactions with our customers. The evaluation is based on whether the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group controls the goods or services provided to the customer and therefore is the principal in the transaction and presents revenue on a gross basis, or arranges for other parties to provide the service to the customer and therefore is an agent in the transaction and presents revenue on a net basis.
The Management Board has determined that, for marketplace services, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is an agent as consumers use the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group platform to choose a restaurant's distinct offerings and place an order for them, with fulfilment of the food order always remaining the responsibility and within the control of the restaurant. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group does not pre-purchase or otherwise obtain control of the restaurant's goods or services prior to their transfer to the consumer.
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In addition to marketplace services, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group includes the option of delivery services in contracting with restaurants. If the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group contracts with a restaurant for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group to provide delivery services, the Management Board has determined that the delivery service is controlled by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group because (i) the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has the responsibility for performing the delivery service, including but not limited to, identifying and directing the couriers to perform the delivery services, thereby controlling the service before it is transferred to the consumer; (ii) the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group remains at all times primarily responsible to its customers for delivering the food to the consumer; and (iii) the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has sole discretion in setting the transaction price for the delivery services (as well as the other key terms) and the sole ability to decline services for delivery.
The majority of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s revenue is recognised when the transaction is completed, i.e. when the order is delivered to the consumer and it is probable that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group will collect the related consideration, that being on delivery of food to a consumer. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group typically receives the fees within a short period of time following completion of the transaction. Commission revenue is recorded on a net basis as the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has concluded that it is acting as an agent. Fees for delivery services charged to the consumer are recognised in revenue, with the cost incurred in providing the delivery services and processing transactions included in order fulfilment costs, as the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has concluded that it is acting as the principal where the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group controls the delivery service.
Taxation
As a result of the geographical spread of our operations and the varied, increasingly complex nature of local and global tax law, there are some transactions for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain during the ordinary course of business. Resolving tax issues can take several years and is not always within our control.
For each Just Eat Takeaway.com Group entity, the current income tax expense is calculated and (material) differences between the accounting and tax base are determined, resulting in deferred tax assets or liabilities. These calculations may deviate from the final tax assessments, which will be received in future periods.
In determining the amount of current and deferred tax, the impact of uncertain tax positions and whether additional taxes and interest may be due are taken into account. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes that its accruals for tax liabilities are adequate for all open tax years based on its assessment of many factors, including interpretations of tax law and prior experience. A provision is recognised for those matters for which the tax determination is uncertain, but it is considered probable that the relevant tax authority will not accept the tax treatment under tax law. The provisions are measured at the best estimate of the amount expected to become payable. A change in estimate of the likelihood of a future outflow and/or in the expected amount to be settled would be recognised in the period in which the change occurs. This requires the application of judgement as to the ultimate outcome, which can change over time depending on facts and circumstances. Judgements mainly relate to transfer pricing, including inter-company financing, expenditure deductible for tax purposes and restructuring of the assets in order to align the tax and legal structure with the business model of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group.
A deferred tax asset is recognised to the extent that it is probable that sufficient and suitable future taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences and unused tax losses can be utilised. Relevant tax law is considered to determine the availability of the losses to offset against the taxable profits in the future. Recognition of deferred tax assets therefore involves judgement regarding the future financial performance of the entities for which the deferred tax asset has been recognised and is therefore inherently uncertain. See Note 9 for details of the tax losses recognised.
Liabilities in respect of uncertain tax positions, if these would occur, are measured based on interpretation of country-specific tax law and assigning probabilities to the possible likely outcomes and range of taxes payable in order to ascertain a weighted average probable liability. In-house tax experts, external tax experts and previous experience are used to help assess the tax risks when determining and recognising such liabilities.
Capitalised development costs
The continual enhancement of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group platforms is a key strategy to achieve the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s goals, as the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group operates in a competitive environment,
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with well-funded and innovative competitors. Failure to maintain the pace of change and technology development would lead to a reduction in economic returns. We continue to invest in the functionality of our product and to improve the experience for all our users and there is judgement in how to account for this subsequent expenditure on our existing intangible assets.
Judgement is required in evaluating whether subsequent development expenditure is to be capitalised as an internally generated intangible asset or expensed as incurred. The key elements of judgement are whether the development project will generate incremental probable future economic benefit and which projects result in substantial improvements that increase the functionality of the asset. Economic benefit is determined as either an increase in revenues or reduction in costs. Only those projects that are a substantial improvement and that result in direct and incremental economic benefit will be capitalised.
Some development expenditure is required to maintain the excellence of our marketplace and ensure our consumers continue to have a positive experience, however in the Management Board’s judgement these projects do not directly result in incremental economic benefit and therefore have been expensed. Expenditures that result in a new or substantially improved product and directly result in additional probable future economic benefit for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group are capitalised and amortised on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life.
Refer to Note 13 for more information on the amount capitalised in 2020.
Key sources of estimation uncertainty
The following are the key sources of estimation uncertainty that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognised in financial statements:
Impairment of goodwill
Determining whether goodwill is impaired requires an estimation of the value in use of the CGUs to which goodwill has been allocated. The value in use calculation requires the Management Board to estimate the future cash flows expected to arise from the CGU and a suitable discount rate in order to calculate present value. Where the actual future cash flows are less than expected, a material impairment loss may arise.
The key sources of estimation uncertainty in the assessment of goodwill impairment are the assumptions around order growth rates, the weighted average cost of capital ('WACC') and the reduction in courier costs per order (the primary direct cost per order). Should the actual performance be worse than assumptions made relating to order growth and cost reductions, or if future outlook changes over time, there is a significant risk of a material adjustment to goodwill within the next 12 months. Changes in the competitive or regulatory environment or changes in technology could result in significant changes to order growth and costs per order. For example, a new competitor may enter a market, or labour regulations may change. Such risks are actively monitored and factored into future cash flow estimates when known or anticipated.
Refer to Note 12 for more information on the carrying amounts and impairment analyses performed.
Impairment of intangible assets other than goodwill
Intangible assets other than goodwill are impaired if the carrying value exceeds the recoverable amount (i.e. the higher of fair value less costs of disposal and value in use). An impairment test is carried out on the intangible asset or CGU where there is an indication of impairment during the year. In such cases, the Management Board determines the value in use by estimating the future cash flows expected to arise from the asset or CGU and a suitable discount rate in order to calculate present value. Where the actual future cash flows are less than expected, a material impairment loss may arise.
Changes in the competitive or regulatory environment or changes in technology could result in significant changes to future cash flows expected to arise from the asset or CGU and the suitable discount rate. For example, a new competitor may enter a market, or labour regulations may change. Such risks are actively monitored and factored into future cash flow estimates when known or anticipated.
Refer to Note 13 for more information on the carrying amounts and impairment analyses performed.
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Useful lives of other intangible assets
The useful lives of intangible assets other than goodwill are determined based on best practice within the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and are in line with common market practice. the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group reviews the remaining useful lives of its other intangible assets annually.
The uncertainty included in this estimate is that the useful lives are estimated longer than the actual useful lives of the intangible assets, which could possibly result in accelerated amortisation in future years and/or impairments at the end of the actual useful lives of the related intangible assets.
Provisions and contingencies
In determining the likelihood and timing of potential cash out flows, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group needs to make estimates. For claims and litigation, the assessment is based on internal and external legal assistance and established precedents. For contingencies, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is required to exercise significant judgement to determine whether the risk of loss is possible but not probable. Contingencies involve inherent uncertainties including, but not limited to, court rulings and negotiations between affected parties.
3 Revenue
Revenue is measured based on the consideration to which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group expects to be entitled from contracts with customers and excludes amounts collected on behalf of third parties. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group recognises revenue when it transfers control of a product or service to a customer.
A performance obligation is the unit of account for revenue recognition. At contract inception, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group identifies the performance obligations within the contract. To determine whether a promised service (or bundle of services) is distinct, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group applies judgment using two criteria:
-
Capable of being distinct: the customer can benefit from the good or service on its own or together with other readily available resources. If the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group regularly sells the good or service separately, then this is an indicator for the good or service’s capability of being distinct.
-
Distinct within the context of the contract: the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group considers a promise distinct within the context of the contract when the promised transfer of the good or service is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract.
Revenue is derived principally from commission fees paid by restaurants for use of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s platforms in connecting restaurants to consumers. Revenue is measured net of discounts, VAT and other sales-related taxes. There are no significant financing components in the contracts.
Revenue, disaggregated based on the source of cash flow (restaurant or consumer) and type of fee, is as follows:
€ millions
2020
2019
2018
Commission revenue
1,654
372
210
Consumer delivery fees
231
Other revenue
157
44
22
Revenue
2,042
416
232
For all revenue streams of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, no obligation for returns or other forms of warranty are applicable, other than the vouchers issued as described below.
Due to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s highly fragmented participating restaurant base, no single restaurant contributed 10% or more to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s revenue in 2020 (2019: none, 2018: none).
Commission revenue
Commission revenue is earned through the contracts with restaurants and through arrangements entered into with consumers via the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s ordering platforms. Commission revenue primarily arises from commission fees charged for order facilitation services, including those commissions from restaurants where the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group also provides the delivery services.
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The primary performance obligation in the contracts with the restaurants is to connect restaurants with consumers to facilitate the ordering between the restaurant and the consumer. For restaurants that do not deliver themselves, there is an additional performance obligation to provide delivery services.
Commission revenue is primarily earned from restaurants on a per order basis as a percentage of the Gross Merchandise Value (“GMV”). The commission charged covers both the order facilitation service performance obligation and, where the restaurant has opted for delivery services, commission for that delivery service performance obligation. Revenue is recognised when the order is delivered, being the point at which no transactional obligations remain. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group typically receives the fees within a short period of time following completion of the transaction. For the order facilitation service, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group acts as an agent and recognises revenue on a net basis. For the delivery service, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group acts as a principal and recognises revenue on a gross basis, with the cost of delivery recorded in Order fulfilment costs.
Vouchers
Discount vouchers are offered to a limited number of consumers to acquire, re-engage, or generally increase consumers’ use of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s platforms. Discount vouchers are recognised as a reduction to revenue when the voucher is redeemed by the consumer. As the discount does not establish a contract with the consumer and is in respect of future orders, no liability is recorded at the point when the discount vouchers are issued. Discount vouchers have an expiry date.
Customer care vouchers are given where there is an unsatisfactory consumer experience. Customer care vouchers are recognised as a reduction to revenue when the voucher is awarded as they relate to past orders and therefore a liability is recognised upon issuance of the voucher. The liability recognised at the end of each reporting year reflects amounts for customer care vouchers not yet redeemed or credited to a consumer’s account, excluding any which have expired.
Discount vouchers used by consumers and customer care vouchers offered to consumers in 2020 amounted to €61 million (2019: €11 million, 2018: €8 million), which is recognised as a deduction of revenue.
Consumer delivery fees
Consumer delivery fee revenue is earned when the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is responsible for providing the delivery services for orders from restaurants that do not deliver themselves.
Delivery fees are charged to consumers on a per order basis. Revenue is recognised when the order is delivered, being the point at which no transactional obligations remain. This is irrespective of whether the individual making the delivery is an employed courier, independent contractor or a courier hired through a third-party delivery company or agency, as the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group maintains primary responsibility for delivery under all of these arrangements. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group typically receives the fees within a short period of time following completion of the transaction. For the delivery service, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group acts as a principal and recognises revenue on a gross basis, with the cost of delivery recorded in Order fulfilment costs.
There was no delivery fee revenue in 2018 and 2019 because delivery fees charged to consumers were first introduced in 2020.
Other revenue
Other revenue primarily includes fees relating to online payment services, promoted placement fees and sale of merchandise.
Online payment service fees are charged to restaurants or consumers on a per order basis. Revenue is recognised when the transaction is completed, being the point at which no transactional obligations remain.
Promoted placement fees are charged to restaurants for promotional placement of restaurants on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group's platforms for selected locations for a specific duration as agreed upon in the contract. Promoted placement fees are charged to restaurants using a cost per order model, cost per click model or a fixed fee model depending on the market.
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Under the cost per order and the cost per click models, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group's performance obligation is to place the restaurant in a promoted position appearing more prominently in the search results and to generate orders or clicks, respectively, from consumers for that restaurant from such placement. Revenue is recognised when the order is delivered or when the clicks have been generated, respectively.
Under the fixed fee model, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group's performance obligation is to place the restaurant in a promoted position appearing more prominently in the search results on the platform for selected locations for a specific duration as specified in the contract. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has determined that its performance obligation is a stand-ready obligation.
Revenue for the sale of merchandise is recognised at the point the goods are delivered and control has transferred to the restaurants.
4 Order fulfilment cost
Order fulfilment costs consist of courier costs and order processing costs.
Courier costs relate to wages and salaries, social security charges and pension premium contributions for couriers with whom the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has an employment agreement. In addition, courier costs include the cost of engaging couriers through agencies, as independent contractors or through third-party delivery companies as contracted by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group.
The order processing costs contain fees charged by external online payment service providers to process online payments for consumers on behalf of the restaurant; order management costs for transmitting orders from consumers to restaurants (such as the costs of the infrastructure, SMS costs and the cost of GPRS printers); and other costs, including the cost of merchandise sold.
€ millions
2020
2019
2018
Courier costs
727
70
22
Order processing costs
193
41
22
Total Order fulfilment costs
920
111
44
Order processing costs mainly contain online payment services costs of €93 million (2019: €21 million, 2018: €12 million) and order management costs of €51 million (2019: €13 million, 2018: €7 million).
5 Staff costs
Short-term employee benefits are expensed as the related service is provided. A liability is recognised for the amount expected to be paid if the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past service provided by the employee and the obligation can be estimated reliably. Staff costs comprise directly attributable costs of staff and Managing Directors and Supervisory Directors, social security charges, pension premium contributions, share-based payments and temporary staff expenses. Staff costs exclude costs related to employed or indirectly employed couriers, which are included in courier costs.
Pension premium payments to defined contribution retirement benefit plans are recognised as an expense when employees have rendered services entitling them to the contributions. Pension premiums are paid for by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group.
€ millions
2020
2019
2018
Wages and salaries
313
83
40
Social security charges
43
13
7
Pension premium contributions
13
2
1
Share-based payments
23
3
3
Temporary staff expenses
72
11
5
Total staff costs
464
112
56
The pension costs of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group are wholly related to defined contribution retirement benefit plans for all qualifying employees of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, limiting the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s legal obligation to the amount it agrees to contribute during the period of employment.
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The assets of the plans are held separately from those of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group in funds under the control of pension insurance companies and pension funds. The defined contribution retirement benefit plans held by the foreign subsidiaries are similar to those held in the Netherlands.
The pension premium contribution payable to the pension provider is recorded as an expense. The capital available for the purchase of a pension equals the investment value as at pension date, which has not been guaranteed by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group. Based on the administrative regulations, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has no other obligations than the annual pension premium payments.
Share-based payment charges in scope of IFRS 2 are recognised in Staff costs, refer to Note 6 Share-based payments.
The temporary staff expenses relate to costs of engaging staff without an employment contract through the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group such as contractors.
6 Share-based payments
Equity-settled share-based payments to employees and Managing Directors are measured at the fair value of the equity instruments at the grant date (also referred to as the “measurement date”). The fair value excludes the effect of non-market-based vesting conditions.
The fair value determined at the measurement date of the equity-settled share-based payments is expensed on a straight-line basis over the vesting period, based on the Company’s estimate of the number of shares and options that will eventually vest, with a corresponding increase in shareholders’ equity. At the end of each reporting period, the Company revises its estimate of the number of shares and options expected to vest. The impact of the revision of the original estimates, if any, is recognised in profit or loss such that the cumulative expense reflects the revised estimate, with a corresponding adjustment to the equity-settled share-based payments reserve.
Share-based payment transaction in a business combination
When the share-based payment awards held by the employees of an acquiree (acquiree awards) are replaced by the Company’s share-based payment awards (replacement awards), both the acquiree awards and the replacement awards are measured in accordance with IFRS 2 (“market-based measure”) at the acquisition date. The portion of the replacement awards that is included in measuring the consideration transferred in a business combination equals the market-based measure of the acquiree awards multiplied by the ratio of the portion of the vesting period completed to the greater of the total vesting period or the original vesting period of the acquiree award. The excess of the market-based measure of the replacement awards over the market-based measure of the acquiree awards included in measuring the consideration transferred is recognised as remuneration cost for post-combination service.
However, when the acquiree awards expire as a consequence of a business combination and the Company replaces those awards when it does not have an obligation to do so, the replacement awards are measured at their market-based measure in accordance with IFRS 2. All of the market-based measure of the replacement awards is recognised as remuneration cost for post-combination service.
At the acquisition date, when the outstanding equity-settled share-based payment awards held by the employees of an acquiree are not exchanged by the Company for its share-based payment awards, the acquiree share-based payment transactions are measured at their market-based measure at the acquisition date. If the share-based payment transactions have vested at the acquisition date, they are included as part of the non-controlling interest in the acquiree. However, if the share-based payment transactions have not vested at the acquisition date, the market-based measure of the unvested share-based payment transactions is allocated to the non-controlling interest in the acquiree based on the ratio of the portion of the vesting period completed to the greater of the total vesting period or the original vesting period of the share-based payment transaction. The balance is recognised as remuneration cost for post-combination service.
Historically, a number of share-based compensation plans were in place at Just Eat. Following the change in control of Just Eat in 2020 as described in Note 11 Business combinations, several schemes ended and several schemes were rolled-over into new Company schemes with eligible employees joining the schemes and any unvested options transferring to or being replaced by the new schemes in full.
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The following share-based payment schemes existed during the period:
-
Long-Term Incentive Plans (“LTIPs”) for the Management Board;
-
Short-Term Incentive plan (“STI”) for the Management Board;
-
The Employee Share Options Plan (“ESOP”);
-
The newly adopted Performance Share Plan (“PSP”);
-
The newly adopted Restricted Share Plan (“RSP”);
-
The rolled-over Just Eat UK Sharesave Scheme, Just Eat Ireland Sharesave Scheme and Just Eat International Sharesave Scheme;
-
The rolled-over Just Eat Deferred Share Bonus Plan 2018 (“DBSP”).
LTIPs
The Company has equity-settled performance-based LTIPs in place for the Management Board to strengthen the alignment with shareholders' interests. There have been four grants under the LTIPs:
-
LTIP 2017-2019 granted as at 31 December 2016 (vested as per 31 December 2019);
-
LTIP 2018-2020 granted as at 31 December 2017 (vested as per 31 December 2020);
-
LTIP 2019-2021 granted as at 31 December 2018;
-
LTIP 2020-2023 granted as at 21 May 2020 (legal grant date).
Under these LTIPs, conditional performance options were granted to each Managing Director. These options shall vest three years after the relevant grant date, subject to service conditions, non-market and market performance conditions to be assessed over a three-year period.
The target award level is 100% of base fee for each Managing Director for the LTIP 2020-2023, and 75% of base fee for the LTIPs granted before 2020. The number of conditionally granted share options is 100% of base fee (75% for the LTIPs granted before 2020) divided by the share price average of the five-day period after the annual general meeting.
The measurement date is the date at which the Company and the Managing Directors agree to the LTIP, and requires that the Supervisory Board and all Managing Directors have a shared understanding of the terms and conditions of the LTIP. Under the remuneration policy there is an annual grant to each Managing Director with a three-year vesting period for each grant.
The vesting period is the period during which all of the specified vesting conditions are to be satisfied in order for the Managing Directors to be entitled unconditionally to the options granted. The vesting conditions for the LTIP 2020-2023 are:
1.
One service condition (being continued employment for a period of three years from the grant date);
2.
Two non-market performance conditions (being revenue growth and a strategic target, with relative weights of 37.5% and 25% respectively);
3.
One market performance condition (being relative Total Shareholder Return (TSR) against the AEX, FTSE 100, and NASDAQ 100 index with a relatively weight of 37.5%).
As per 31 December 2020, the strategic target for the awards granted under the LTIP 2020-2023 is still to be defined. the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has therefore estimated the fair value of the equity instruments at the end of the reporting period for the purposes of recognising the services received during the period between service commencement date, being 21 May 2020, and period end. Once the performance targets have been established, the estimate will be revised so that the amounts recognised for services received in respect of the grant are ultimately based on the measurement date fair value of the equity instruments.
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For the different LTIPs granted before 2020, a service condition is in place as well as the following non-market performance conditions:
Targets
Relative weight
Order growth to exceed 25% per annum in the medium-term
20%
> 30% CAGR over 2015 Actual-2018 Estimate
20%
Revenue growth to continue to exceed order growth after 2016
20%
Positive adjusted EBITDA margin1 for both Germany and the Company within 2 to 3 years after the IPO2
20%
Adjusted EBITDA for the Netherlands to continue to increase after 20163
20%
1
Non IFRS financial measure
2
The positive adjusted EBITDA margin for both Germany and the Company in this context means monthly positive adjusted EBITDA margins (whether or not the full year adjusted EBITDA margins are positive)
3
Following the higher than expected growth of Scoober, also in the Netherlands, we amended the medium-term objectives for the Netherlands from “adjusted EBITDA margin for the Netherlands to continue to increase” (LTIP 2017-2019) to “adjusted EBITDA for the Netherlands to continue to increase” (LTIP 2018-2021)
There are no market conditions related to the LTIPs granted before 2020.
Since a variable number of conditional performance options to the value of a fixed amount (either 100% or 75% of the base fee of each Managing Director) is awarded, commonly known as share options “to the value of”, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has assessed the impact of the service condition and performance conditions on the long-term incentive costs for the LTIPs. These conditions have no impact on the measurement date fair value of the conditional performance options themselves but only affect the total estimated long-term incentive costs in each year as the maximum expense is adjusted to reflect estimates of forfeitures of conditional performance options due to, for example, failing to achieve one or more of the non-market performance conditions. Changes in estimates in the achievement of these conditional performance conditions are adjusted in the current year by means of a cumulative catch-up. Only at the end of each LTIP, the final result of the performance conditions will decide the ultimate number of conditional performance options that vest for each of the Managing Directors.
The details of conditional performance share options granted under the LTIP for Managing Directors as at 31 December 2020 are as follows:
 
31 December 2020
31 December 2019
31 December 2018
 
Number of share
options
Weighted-
average
exercise price
Number of
share
options
Weighted-
average
exercise price
Number of
share options
Weighted-
average
exercise price
Outstanding as at the beginning of the period
80,023
46.25
83,905
47.38
52,582
39.57
Granted during the period
14,233
31,323
54.62
Forfeited during the period
(3,882)
23.37
Exercised during the period
(4,697)
23.37
Expired during the period
Outstanding as at the end of the period
89,559
40.10
80,023
46.25
83,905
47.38
Exercisable at the end of the period
44,003
 
15,535
 
 
The weighted average fair value for share options granted during the period was €101.96 (2019: €0, 2018: € 25.74).
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The conditional performance options were priced using Monte Carlo simulation. The inputs to the model for the share options were as follows:
 
LTIP 2020-2023
Exercise price
nil
Expected volatility
38.81%
Expected dividend yield
0.00%
Risk free rate
(0.72%)
Vesting period
3 years
Share price at valuation date
€ 92.40
Average share price prior to performance period
€ 77.84
The assumptions made in the pricing model for the LTIP are based upon publicly available market data and internal information and are as follows:
The maximum number of shares and options to be granted to the LTIP Participants is directly linked to the fixed salary of each employee at grant date.
The expected volatilities of the share prices of the Company and the constituents of the three indices (AEX, FTSE 100, NASDAQ 100) are based on the historical volatility on a daily basis, over a period of 3 years, prior to the valuation date.
The correlation coefficients are based on the logarithm of the daily share price return over a 3-year period, prior to the valuation date.
No dividends are expected to be declared during the vesting period.
The risk-free rate is based on zero-coupon government bond yields based on the applicable currencies with a yield to maturity of 3 years.
The constituents of the three indices (AEX, FTSE 100, NASDAQ 100) are determined at the start of the performance period (as of January 1, 2020).
The LTIP 2018-2020 vested as per 31 December 2020. Based on the relative weight of the targets under the performance conditions, 100% of the granted share options vested.
Share options exercised under the LTIP during the period
4,697 of the share options granted under the LTIP 2017-2019 were exercised during 2020 (2019: 0, 2018: 0). The weighted-average share price at the date of exercise amounted to €97.30 (2019: €0, 2018: €0).
Weighted average remaining assumed life outstanding share options
The share options outstanding as at 31 December 2020 had a weighted average remaining assumed life of 8 years (31 December 2019: 8 years, 31 December 2018: 8 years). The exercise prices are between €0 and €54.62.
STI
The remuneration of the Managing Directors consists of variable remuneration in form of STI, which will be delivered partly in cash and partly as a deferred award of shares in the Company. Any STI outcome achieved above 75% (at-target) of base fee will be delivered as a deferred award of Company shares, with the period of deferral being three years with one-third of the amounts deferred vesting and being capable of release at each anniversary of the making of the deferred award. The vested awards will be subject to a further holding period of two years.
Performance over each financial year is measured against stretching targets set by the Supervisory Board at the beginning of the year, based on the budget and taking into account the strategy aspirations. The maximum level of the STI outcome for a Managing Director is 150% of base fee per year.
The measurement date is the date at which the Company and the Managing Directors agree to the STI, and requires that the Supervisory Board and all Managing Directors have a shared understanding of the terms and
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conditions of the STI. The vesting period is the period during which all of the specified vesting conditions are to be satisfied in order for the Managing Directors to be entitled to the shares granted. The vesting conditions include several non-market performance conditions.
The performance measures comprise of a mix of financial measures (75%) and non-financial measures (25%), supporting the strategy of Just Eat Takeaway.com:
-
Number of new consumers (25%);
-
Number of active consumers (25%);
-
Number of orders per consumer (25%);
-
Certain personal / non-financial measures (25%).
STI outcomes are calculated following the determination of achievement against performance measures and targets measured over 12 months, from 1 January 2020 until 31 December 2020. Based on the STI outcome for 2020, 10,6891 deferred shares are expected to be awarded to the Managing Directors with a weighted average fair value of €91.48. The fair value of these shares for the purpose of recognising the services received during the period was determined based on the market price of the Company's shares on 31 December 2020.
ESOP for employees
The Company has an equity-settled ESOP for senior management and certain other employees (“ESOP Participants”). Under the ESOP, depositary receipts on shares and share options are awarded to ESOP Participants on an annual basis. The vesting of these shares and share options is solely subject to a service condition being continued employment of 3 years. The contractual life of the share options is 10 years from the grant date.
The details of shares and share options granted under the ESOP for ESOP Participants as at 31 December 2020 are as follows:
 
 
31 December 2020
 
 
31 December 2019
 
 
31 December 2018
 
 
Number of share
options
Weighted-
average
exercise price
(in €)
Number of
share
Weighted-
average grant-
date fair value
(in €)
Number of
share options
Weighted-
average
exercise price
(in €)
Number of share
options
Weighted-
average grant-
date fair value
(in €)
Number of share
options
Weighted-
average
exercise price
(in €)
Number of share
options
Weighted-
average grant-
date fair value
(in €)
Outstanding as at the beginning of the period
118,434
34.46
102,956
44.20
126,102
25.46
153,897
25.71
158,110
24.78
155,272
24.76
Granted during the period
5,691
80.17
80,572
80.79
30,084
60.96
54,481
60.09
1,846
67.76
3,247
67.76
Forfeited during the period
(2,438)
63.23
(4,318)
62.00
(836)
54.62
(1,576)
54.62
(3,814)
23.37
(4,622)
23.37
Exercised during the period
(34,502)
25.37
(48,979)
26.36
(36,916)
24.85
(103,846)
24.98
(30,040)
6.46
Expired during the period
Outstanding as at the end of the period
87,185
39.14
130,231
72.96
118,434
34.46
102,956
44.20
126,102
25.46
153,897
25.71
Exercisable at the end of the period
55,850
 
 
 
50,758
 
 
 
 
 
 
The vesting of the shares and share options under the ESOP is 0% in the first year after the grant date, 67% in the second year after the grant date, and 33% in the third year after the grant date. For the shares granted under the ESOP in 2020, vesting is generally in three equal parts over the three-year vesting period. However, given that the ESOP Participant must remain in service, the long-term incentive costs are spread equally over the service period.
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The share options granted during the year were priced using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model. The inputs to the model for the share options were as follows:
 
Grant 1 Jan 2020
Grant date share price
€ 82.20
Exercise price
€ 80.17
Expected volatility
31.55%
Expected dividend yield
0.00%
Risk-free rate
(0.06%)
Vesting period
3 years
Assumed life of share options
8 years
The assumptions made in the pricing model for the ESOP are based upon publicly available market data and internal information and are as follows:
-
The maximum number of shares and options to be granted to the ESOP Participants is directly linked to the fixed salary of each employee at grant date;
-
The exercise price is based on the average of the closing prices of the Company's shares in the five trading days preceding the grant date;
-
Expected volatility is based on the share price development of a peer group of companies on a ten-year basis;
-
No dividends are expected to be declared during the vesting period;
-
The risk-free rate is based on bonds of the Dutch government;
No early vesting of the shares and options is expected.
Share options exercised during the period
34,502 of the share options granted prior to 2020 were exercised during 2020 (2019: 36,916, 2018: 30,040). The weighted-average share price at the date of exercise amounted to €81.78 (2019: €72.63, 2018: €36.07).
Weighted average remaining assumed life outstanding share options
The share options outstanding as at 31 December 2020 had a weighted average remaining assumed life of 7 years (31 December 2019: 8 years, 31 December 2018: 8 years). The exercise prices are between €23.37 and €84.44.
Employee share option plans of Just Eat Limited acquired in the current year
Several share-based payment plans were in place at Just Eat prior to the business combination. Some of the shares issued in the business combination relate to employee share options under these former Just Eat share-based payment plans, for which Just Eat shares were issued and immediately converted to shares in the Company.
Under the legacy Just Eat Company Share Option Plan (“CSOP”), the share options that already vested before or at acquisition date had an exercise period that lasted until 30 July 2020. The options that were already exercised before or at acquisition date were included in the calculation of the consideration transferred to obtain control, refer to Note 11 Business combinations.
The unreplaced options that were vested but unexercised at the date of acquisition formed part of the non-controlling interest in Just Eat. They were measured at their market-based measure at the date of acquisition, based on the number of shares that were expected to be issued in the period after the acquisition date and the share price of the Company at acquisition date. A total of €2 million was recognised as non-controlling interest at acquisition date with a corresponding increase in goodwill. The non-controlling interest was fully reversed as per 30 July 2020 when all unexercised options lapsed.
Following the business combination, several schemes were rolled-over or eligible employees were transitioned to newly adopted schemes. The following share-based payment arrangements are in place as per 31 December 2020. All of these arrangements qualify as equity-settled share-based payment plans.
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Performance Share Plan (“PSP”) and Restricted Share Plan (“RSP”)
The PSP and the RSP were equity-settled share-based payments plans that were transitioned into new schemes following the business combination. PSP and RSP awards were granted to eligible employees to help incentivise sustained performance over the long term and to promote alignment with the shareholders’ interests.
Awards under the PSP and RSP were granted as nil-cost options that vested to the extent performance conditions were satisfied, predominantly over a timespan of three years. Following the business combination, a new transition scheme was offered, whereby the number of nil-cost options granted equal the number of unvested options lapsed under the old scheme. The vesting profile mirrored the legacy scheme and is subject to performance conditions. RSP awards granted are not subject to any performance conditions, the only vesting condition applicable is a three-year service condition. Participants employed at the grant date were automatically enrolled into the relevant new scheme. In addition, a grant under the PSP was made to legacy Just Eat employees in following the combination in a manner consistent with past practice.
As per 31 December 2020, the performance conditions for the awards granted under the PSP are still to be defined. the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has therefore estimated the fair value of the equity instruments at the end of the reporting period for the purposes of recognising the services received during the period between service commencement date and the measurement date. Once the performance targets have been established, the estimate will be revised so that the amounts recognised for services received in respect of the grant are ultimately based on the measurement date fair value of the equity instruments.
The details of the share options granted under the PSP and RSP as at 31 December 2020 are as follows:
 
PSP
RSP
 
Number of share
options
Weighted-average
exercise price (in €)
Number of
share
options
Weighted-average
exercise price (in €)
Outstanding as at the beginning of the period1
468,226
15,868
Granted during the period
Forfeited during the period
(87,929)
(278)
Exercised during the period
(109)
(6,346)
Expired during the period
Outstanding as at the end of the period
380,188
9,244
Exercisable as at the end of the period
13
 
 
1
The beginning of the period is 15 April 2020, the date at which Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. obtained control of Just Eat. Refer to Note 11 Business combinations for more details.
Share options exercised during the period
6,455 of the share options granted prior to 2020 were exercised during 2020. The weighted-average share price at the date of exercise amounted to €98.82.
Weighted average remaining assumed life outstanding share options
The share options outstanding as at 31 December 2020 had a weighted average remaining assumed life of 8 years. Under the PSP and the RSP options were granted at nil cost.
Sharesave Plans and Deferred Share Bonus Plan (“DSBP”)
The Sharesave Plans were equity-settled share-based payment plans that were rolled over and continued under substantially the same terms as the original schemes following the business combination. Eligible employees were offered the option to buy shares in Just Eat after a timespan of three years, based on a discounted share price set at grant date. Employees taking part in the scheme contribute to a savings pool from their salaries on a monthly basis, the full amount of which is repaid if the options lapse. Due to the roll-over, the scheme now refers to the Company and not Just Eat. The only vesting condition applicable to the Sharesave options is a three-year service condition.
The Just Eat Deferred Share Bonus Plan was an equity-settled share-based payment plan that was rolled over and continued substantially under the same terms as the original scheme following the business combination, with the
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exception that the awards now relate to the Company and not Just Eat. DSBP awards were granted to eligible participants based on a portion of the annual bonus for the preceding financial year. The award under this scheme vest in equal tranches over a three-year period.
The details of the share options granted under the Sharesave plans and the DSBP as at 31 December 2020 are as follows:
 
Sharesave Plans
DBSP
 
Number of share
options
Weighted-average
exercise price (in €)
Number of
share
options
Weighted-average
exercise price (in €)
Outstanding as at the beginning of the period1
29,942
54.79
8,168
 
Granted during the period
Forfeited during the period
(989)
54.33
Exercised during the period
10,045
47.80
(3,434)
Expired during the period
Outstanding as at the end of the period
18,908
55.74
4,734
Exercisable as at the end of the period
2,471
 
1,578
 
1
The beginning of the period is 15 April 2020, the date at which Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. obtained control of Just Eat. Refer to Note 11 Business combinations for more details.
Share options exercised during the period
10,045 of the Sharesave options and 3,434 of the DBSP options were exercised during 2020. The weighted-average share price at the date of exercise amounted to €94.45.
Weighted average remaining assumed life outstanding share options
The share options outstanding as at 31 December 2020 had a weighted average remaining assumed life of 3 years. The exercise prices are between €47.55 and €56.97 for the Sharesave schemes. Under the DSBP options were granted at nil cost.
Total expense recognised for the period
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group recognised total expenses of €23 million related to equity-settled share-based payment transactions in 2020 (2019: €3 million, 2018: €3 million).
Cash flow for the period
The cash flows related to the share options are included in the proceeds from issue of ordinary shares for the amount of €1 million (2019: €1 million, 2018: €3 million).
Equity movements for the period
The movements in the equity-settled share-based payments reserve, share capital and share premium relate to the share-based payment expense for the period as well shares and share options exercised during the period.
€ millions
Equity-settled share-
based payments
reserve
Share capital
Share premium
Balance as at 1 January 2018
2
Share-based payment expense
3
Shares issued and share options exercised
0
0
0
Balance as at 31 December 2018
5
0
0
Balance as at 1 January 2019
5
Share-based payment expense
3
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€ millions
Equity-settled share-
based payments
reserve
Share capital
Share premium
Shares issued and share options exercised
(4)
0
4
Balance as at 31 December 2019
4
0
4
Balance as at 1 January 2020
4
0
4
Share-based payment expense
23
Shares issued and share options exercised
(3)
0
4
Balance as at 31 December 2020
24
8
7 Other operating expenses
Other operating expenses include expenses that are neither directly attributable to order fulfilment costs nor staff costs, nor the financing of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group.
€ millions
2020
2019
2018
Marketing expenses
369
143
120
Housing expenses
10
4
4
Professional fees
78
54
16
Other staff related costs
36
17
10
IT related expenses
33
7
4
Other operating expenses
82
9
4
Total other operating expenses
608
234
158
Housing expenses in 2020 and 2019 only include non-lease (“service”) components (2018: the lease component included in the housing expenses amounts to €3 million).
Other operating expenses mainly relate to stamp duties of €35 million (2019: €0 million, 2018: €0 million) following the Just Eat Acquisition for the transfer of shares and accompanying tax and digital service tax of €15 million (2019: €0 million, 2018: €0 million).
8 Finance income and expense
In calculating interest income and expense, the effective interest rate is applied to the gross carrying amount of the asset (when the asset is not credit-impaired) or to the amortised cost of the liability. Finance expenses are accounted for on an accrual basis.
€ millions
2020
2019
2018
Other finance income
3
0
0
Finance income
3
0
0
Interest on convertible bond
(19)
(11)
Interest on lease liabilities
(2)
(1)
Other interest expense
(5)
(1)
(0)
Other finance expense
(4)
(3)
(1)
Finance expense
(30)
(16)
(1)
Finance expense mainly consist of interest related to the 2020 convertible bonds and 2019 convertible bonds of €19 million (2019: €11 million, 2018: nil).
The weighted average rate on funds borrowed in 2020 is 4.8% per annum (2019: 5.2%, 2018: 0%). The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group did not capitalise borrowing costs in 2020 (2019: nil, 2018: nil).
The amounts paid in 2020 are related to interest on convertible bonds of €8 million (2019: €3 million, 2018: nil), other interest expenses of €4 million (2019: €0 million, 2018: nil) and other finance expense of €2 million (2019: €4 million, 2018: €1 million).
9 Income taxes
Income tax expense represents the sum of current and deferred tax expenses.
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Current tax
The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from “loss before tax” as reported in the consolidated statement of profit or loss and OCI because of items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and items that are never taxable or deductible.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.
Current tax is recognised in profit or loss, except when it relates to a business combination or for items directly recognised in equity or OCI.
A provision is recognised for those matters for which the tax determination is uncertain, but it is considered probable that the relevant tax authority will not accept the tax treatment under tax law. The provisions are measured at the best estimate of the amount expected to become payable. The assessment is based on the judgement of tax professionals within the Company supported by previous experience in respect of such activities and in certain cases based on specialist independent tax advice.
Interest and penalties related to income taxes, including uncertain tax treatments which do not meet definition of income taxes, are accounted for under IAS 37 'Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets'.
Deferred tax
Deferred tax is recognised on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the consolidated financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences.
Deferred tax assets are generally recognised for all deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary differences can be utilised.
Such deferred tax assets and liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit. In addition, deferred tax liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of goodwill.
Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, and interests in joint ventures, except where Just Eat Takeaway.com is able to control the reversal of the temporary difference and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future. Deferred tax assets arising from deductible temporary differences associated with such investments and interests are only recognised to the extent that it is probable that there will be sufficient taxable profits against which to utilise the benefits of the temporary differences and they are expected to reverse in the foreseeable future.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset realised, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.
Deferred tax is recognised in profit or loss, except when it relates to a business combination or for items directly recognised in equity or OCI.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group offsets deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities if the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities; and the deferred tax assets and the deferred tax liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority on either the same taxable entity; or different taxable entities which intend either to settle current tax liabilities and assets on a net basis, or to realise the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously, in each future period in which significant amounts of deferred tax liabilities or assets are expected to be settled or recovered.
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Income tax recognised directly in profit or loss
€ millions
2020
2019
2018
Current tax expenses
(26)
(14)
(2)
Deferred tax benefits / (expenses)
21
(21)
30
Total tax recognised directly in profit or loss
(5)
(35)
28
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group transfer pricing policy is aligned with Just Eat Takeaway.com's management and operating model. As a result, the Dutch entities reported a loss on a consolidated level and the non-Dutch entities reported a taxable profit overall. The taxable profit has been partly offset with the tax losses carried forward in those non-Dutch countries.
The current tax expense of €26 million (2019: €14 million, 2018: €2 million) relates mainly to the taxable result of the non-Dutch entities. The deferred tax benefit of €21 million (2019: €21 million deferred tax expense, 2018: €30 million deferred tax benefit) relate to temporary differences in amortisation of intangible assets, the recognition of losses and an offsetting effect on the use of tax losses against taxable profits in Germany, Poland, United Kingdom and Canada.
Reconciliation of the effective income tax rate
The activities of Just Eat Takeaway.com are subject to corporate income tax in all countries it is active in, depending on presence and activity. The applicable statutory tax rates of the tax jurisdictions in which Just Eat Takeaway.com operates vary between 10% and 32%, which may cause the effective tax rate (“ETR”) to deviate from the Dutch corporate tax rate. The following table presents a reconciliation between the tax charge on the basis of the Dutch tax rate and the ETR.
The income tax expense / benefit for the year reconciled to the accounting loss is as follows:
€ millions
2020
%
2019
%
2018
%
Loss before income tax
(165)
 
(86)
 
(35)
 
Income tax benefit calculated at 25% Dutch income tax rate
41
25.0%
21
25.0%
9
25.0%
Change of unrecognised deferred tax assets
(19)
(11.5%)
(47)
54.2%
(23)
64.3%
Tax effect of utilisation of tax losses not previously recognised
0.0%
0.0%
39
(112.2%)
Adjustments for tax of prior periods
2
1.2%
(2)
2.3%
0.0%
Tax effect of carry back of tax losses
0.0%
0.0%
5
(15.2%)
Effect of non-deductible expenses
(28)
(17.0%)
(2)
2.1%
(1)
2.1%
Effect of different tax rates of foreign subsidiaries
2
1.2%
(7)
7.7%
(2)
6.8%
Effect of share in results of associates and joint ventures
(4)
(2.4%)
0.0%
0.0%
Other
1
0.6%
1
(1.1%)
0
(0.1%)
Income tax expense recognised in profit or loss
(5)
(2.9%)
(35)
(40.2%)
28
79.4%
The income tax expense of €5 million in 2020 (2019: expense of €35 million, 2018: benefit of €28 million) represents an ETR of (2.9)% (2019: (40.2)%, 2019: 79.4%). This ETR is primarily impacted by the effect of unrecognised deferred tax assets for tax losses and acquisition costs.
Current tax assets
€ millions
2020
2019
Opening balance
7
6
Reclassifications
2
Current tax movement through equity
1
Additions from business combinations
16
Income tax (refunded) or paid
2
2
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€ millions
2020
2019
Income tax (expense) / benefit
(10)
(1)
Foreign exchange movements
(1)
Balance as at the end of the reporting period
17
7
Current tax liabilities
€ millions
2020
2019
Opening balance
42
8
Reclassifications
3
Additions from business combinations
6
22
Movement through goodwill
1
Income tax (paid)
(31)
(1)
Current tax expenses
16
13
Balance as at the end of the reporting period
37
42
The total current tax expense of €26 million (2019: €14 million) relates mainly to the taxable result of the non-Dutch entities and represents the tax charges on profits for the current year. For the disclosure on the additions from business combinations, reference is made to Note 11.
Net deferred tax position
€ millions
2020
2019
Deferred tax assets - gross
96
27
Offsetting
(96)
(25)
Deferred tax assets - net
2
Deferred tax liabilities - gross
(642)
(69)
Offsetting
96
25
Deferred tax liabilities - net
(546)
(44)
Net deferred tax asset/(liability)
(546)
(42)
Deferred tax assets
€ millions
Intangibles
Tax losses
and credits
Leases
Other
Total
Opening balance as at 1 January 2019
27
0
27
Additions from business combinations
10
10
Movement through consolidated statement of profit or loss
(20)
(20)
Other movements
(2)
1
7
6
Other movements through equity
5
5
Balance as at 31 December 2019
8
13
7
0
28
Additions from business combinations
36
11
12
59
Movement through consolidated statement of profit or loss
(9)
0
3
(6)
Movement through goodwill
2
2
Other movements through equity
13
0
13
Balance as at 31 December 2020
10
53
18
15
96
The deferred tax assets mainly relate to the recognition of the unused tax losses for €53 million as well as temporary differences related to intangible assets from acquisitions and other fixed assets. Other consists mainly of other tangibles for €6 million and accruals and provisions for €8 million. The movement during the period mainly relates to the utilisation of the tax losses and the recognition of losses through equity in relation to the 2020 convertible bonds.
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An amount of €21 million (2019: €9 million) relating to deductible temporary differences without expiration date has not been recognised.
Deferred tax liabilities
€ millions
Intangibles
Leases
Convertible
bonds
Other
Total
Opening balance as at 1 January 2019
22
22
Additions from business combinations
34
34
Other movements
(0)
7
(1)
6
Other movements through equity
5
5
Foreign exchange movements through OCI
2
2
Balance as at 31 December 2019
58
7
5
(1)
69
Additions from business combinations
588
11
5
604
Movement through consolidated statement of profit or loss
(24)
(2)
(3)
2
(27)
Movement through goodwill
(1)
(1)
Other movements through equity
13
13
Foreign exchange movements through OCI
(15)
(0)
(1)
(16)
Balance as at 31 December 2020
606
16
15
5
642
The deferred tax liability additions are recognised in relation to the other intangible assets from the acquisition closed during the year, accruals and provisions, and in relation to the 2020 convertible bonds and the 2019 convertible bonds (as defined in Note 22). The convertible bonds were classified as 'other' in the 2019 consolidated financial statement. The release during the period is mainly related to amortisation of intangible assets.
No deferred tax liability has been recognised in respect of undistributed earnings of subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates. This is because the Just Eat Takeaway Group is able to control the timing of the reversal of the temporary differences, and it is probable that such differences will not reverse in the foreseeable future.
Expiry period of unrecognized tax losses
€ millions
2020
2019
Within 1 year
In the next 2 to 10 years
180
177
Over 10 years
Unlimited
52
Total
232
177
Following the further integration of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s operations in 2020, the non-Dutch entities and branches reported a profit overall, which has been partly offset with losses carried forward. The unrecognized losses for the Dutch entities originated before 2019, for the amount of €75 million, may be carried forward for nine consecutive years, and the unused tax losses arising after 2019, amounting to €104 million may be carried forward for six consecutive years.
The other unused tax losses with an expiry period in the next 2 to 10 years relate to the unused tax losses in Romania and Switzerland for the amount of €1 million. In these countries unused tax losses can be carried forward for 7 consecutive years. For Romania, the losses mainly originate from 2017.
€52 million of unused tax losses of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group (for which no deferred tax asset has been recognised) have no statutory expiration.
EU State Aid
As a result of the Just Eat Acquisition, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group assumed a contingent liability of €3 million related to EU State Aid, see further disclosure in Note 29 Contingent liabilities.
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Danish Tax Authority Dispute
In 2012, the Just Eat transfer pricing arrangements were updated, in line with the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines, to reflect the commercial and economic reality of its headquarters being established in the UK, whereas previously Just Eat was headquartered in Denmark. An Advanced Pricing Agreement (“APA”) was submitted to the Danish and UK competent authorities to obtain certainty over the position taken. Subsequently, the Danish Tax Authority opened a local transfer pricing audit into the periods covered by the APA and in January 2018 issued a formal notice of assessment from their findings, making a claim that the taxable income for fiscal year 2013 should be increased in relation to intellectual property income, equalling an additional tax payment of £126 million, including penalties and interest (which have continued to accrue since then).
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group strongly disagrees with the claim made by the Danish Tax Authority and has appealed the assessment through the Mutual Agreement Procedure (the “MAP”) process between the HMRC and the Danish Tax Authority. During the MAP, the two tax authorities enter into discussions with the intention of resolving the transfer pricing dispute. Just Eat’s case was formally accepted into the MAP in April 2018. Under the MAP, the tax authorities have two years to reach a resolution. As a resolution has not been reached, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is able to refer the case to an independent arbitration panel which will consider the facts and reach its own conclusion. As the tax authorities appear to be making progress regarding Just Eat’s case, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has not yet requested that the matter be referred to arbitration but reserves the right to do so should the tax authorities not make progress with the matter within a reasonable timeframe. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group expects the outcome to be a full elimination of the potential double taxation. Such an outcome may result in a reallocation of income between the UK and Denmark with different tax rates applying over a different period, with net interest charges.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has made significant payments on account to the Danish Tax Authority, which in no way reflects Just Eat Takeaway.com’s position or the expected outcome, but as a means of mitigating against interest charges applied on the final agreed tax payment. As at 31 December 2020, the balance sheet includes both an asset and a liability in respect of this uncertain tax position, representing the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s best estimate of the expected outcome of the MAP between HMRC and the Danish Tax Authority.
10 Operating segments
An operating segment is a component of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group that engages in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses, whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM) to make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segment and assess its performance, and for which discrete financial information is available.
An operating segment is separately reportable if it meets any of the quantitative thresholds or if management believes that separately disclosing information about the segment would be useful.
Segment results include items directly attributable to a segment as well as those that can be allocated on a reasonable basis.
the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is organised on a country level for the purpose of conducting its activities. All the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group entities perform the same business activities – online food delivery – under a single brand strategy. Revenues are principally derived from commission fees paid by the restaurants for use of the marketplace in connecting the restaurants to consumers. Information reported to the CODM for the purposes of resource allocation and assessment of segment performance is on a country level.
The CODM is the Management Board at the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group. The Management Board is jointly responsible for making strategic and operating decisions concerning the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group's business activities. Each country is identified as an operating segment.
Following the combination of Just Eat and Takeaway.com on 15 April 2020, the operating segments that are individually reportable have been reassessed compared to prior year. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has four reportable segments that meet the quantitative thresholds, being the United Kingdom, Germany, Canada and the Netherlands. The total external revenue reported by these operating segments constitutes 75% of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group's total external revenue. The other countries have been combined into an “all others” segment which is named 'Rest of the World'.
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The Management Board assesses the performance of operating segments based on revenues, marketing expenses, and Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA is the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group 's segment measure of profit or loss to assess segment performance and allocate resources. Adjusted EBITDA reflects an allocation of expenses from supporting functions within the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group per segment. Such allocations have been determined based on relevant measures that reflect the level of benefits of these functions to each of the operating segments. Adjusted EBITDA enables the Management Board to assess the underlying operational performance per segment within the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and conclude on the effectiveness of the strategy applied, without taking into account depreciation, amortisation, finance income and expenses, share-based payments, share of result of associates and joint ventures, acquisition and integration related expenses, income tax expense and other gains and losses.
As the operating segments serve only external consumers, there is no revenue from transactions with other operating segments. Finance income and expenses and income tax are not allocated to the segments. There is no measure of segment assets and liabilities provided to the Management Board, as the majority of fixed assets and working capital of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group are managed on a centralised basis, nor any information on depreciation and amortisation.
Since the first half of 2020, head office is no longer allocated to segments and is reported separately, resulting in a change in the way management previously measured Adjusted EBITDA for the segment. Head office relates to non-allocated expenses and includes all central operating expenses such as staff costs and project expenses for global support teams like legal, finance, business intelligence, human resources and board. Not included in head office are costs of global IT and product functions, which are allocated to countries and therefore included in Adjusted EBITDA. This change was applied retrospectively to Adjusted EBITDA in 2019 and 2018.
The following is an analysis of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s revenue and results by reportable segment and country of domicile, including the other countries that have been combined into an “all others” segment which is named 'Rest of the World' and the non-allocated expenses included in Head office.
€ millions
United
Kingdom
Germany
Canada
Netherlands
Rest of the
World
Head office
Total consolidated
2020
Revenue
576
374
404
174
514
2,042
Adjusted EBITDA
143
128
42
76
(74)
(140)
175
Share-based payments
 
 
 
 
 
 
(23)
Finance income
 
 
 
 
 
 
3
Finance expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
(30)
Share of results of associates and joint ventures
 
 
 
 
 
 
(16)
Other gains and losses
 
 
 
 
 
 
2
Depreciation and amortisation
 
 
 
 
 
 
(174)
Acquisition related costs
 
 
 
 
 
 
(67)
Integration related costs
 
 
 
 
 
 
(35)
Loss before income tax
 
 
 
 
 
 
(165)
Other segment information
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Marketing expenses
(82)
(71)
(34)
(21)
(153)
(8)
(369)
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€ millions
United
Kingdom
Germany
Canada
Netherlands
Rest of the
World
Head office
Total consolidated
2019
Revenue
205
119
92
416
Adjusted EBITDA
19
64
(25)
(46)
12
Share-based payments
 
 
 
 
 
 
(3)
Finance income
 
 
 
 
 
 
0
Finance expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
(16)
Share of results of associates and joint ventures
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other gains and losses
 
 
 
 
 
 
6
Depreciation and amortisation
 
 
 
 
 
 
(35)
Acquisition related costs
 
 
 
 
 
 
(40)
Integration related costs
 
 
 
 
 
 
(10)
Loss before income tax
 
 
 
 
 
 
(86)
Other segment information
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Marketing expenses
(79)
(14)
(50)
(0)
(143)
€ millions
United
Kingdom
Germany
Canada
Netherlands
Rest of the
World
Head office
Total consolidated
2018
Revenue
83
96
53
232
Adjusted EBITDA
(24)
59
(12)
(34)
(11)
Share-based payments
 
 
 
 
 
 
(3)
Finance income
 
 
 
 
 
 
0
Finance expense
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1)
Share of results of associates and joint ventures
 
 
 
 
 
 
0
Other gains and losses
 
 
 
 
 
 
(0)
Depreciation and amortisation
 
 
 
 
 
 
(8)
Acquisition related costs
 
 
 
 
 
 
(11)
Integration related costs
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1)
Loss before income tax
 
 
 
 
 
 
(35)
Other segment information
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Marketing expenses
(71)
(12)
(37)
(0)
(120)
Acquisition-related costs and integration-related costs mainly relate to expenditures for external professionals on acquisitions (such as consultants, legal advisors, bankers etc.) and integration of the acquired business and employees. Acquisition-related costs and integration-related costs for 2020 are related to the acquisitions of Just Eat plc in the United Kingdom and the proposed merger with Grubhub Inc. in the United States.
The following is analysis of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group's non-current assets by the Company’s country of domicile, the Netherlands, and other main countries:
€ millions
2020
2019
United Kingdom
4,170
Germany
1,260
1,288
Canada
1,069
Netherlands
18
26
Brazil (associate)
1,575
Rest of the World
1,432
202
Total non-current assets 1
9,524
1,515
1
Comprises non-current assets excluding financial instruments and deferred taxes.
11 Business combinations
Acquisitions of businesses are accounted for using the acquisition method. The consideration transferred in a business combination is measured at fair value, which is calculated as the sum of the acquisition-date fair values
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of assets transferred by the Company, liabilities incurred by the Company to the former owners of the acquiree and the equity interest issued by the Company in exchange for control of the acquiree. Acquisition-related costs are recognised in profit or loss as incurred.
Goodwill is measured as the excess of the sum of the consideration transferred, the amount of any non-controlling interests in the acquiree, and the fair value of the acquirer’s previously held equity interest in the acquiree (if any) over the net of the acquisition-date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed.
When the consideration transferred by the Company in a business combination includes a contingent consideration arrangement, the contingent consideration is measured at its acquisition-date fair value and included as part of the consideration transferred in a business combination. Changes in fair value of the contingent consideration that qualify as measurement period adjustments are adjusted retrospectively, with corresponding adjustments against goodwill. Measurement period adjustments are adjustments that arise from additional information obtained during the ‘measurement period’ (which cannot exceed one year from the acquisition date) about facts and circumstances that existed at the acquisition date.
The subsequent accounting for changes in the fair value of the contingent consideration that do not qualify as measurement period adjustments depends on how the contingent consideration is classified. Contingent consideration that is classified as shareholders’ equity is not remeasured at subsequent reporting dates and its subsequent settlement is accounted for within shareholders’ equity. Other contingent consideration is remeasured to fair value at subsequent reporting dates with changes in fair value recognised in profit or loss.
If the initial accounting for a business combination is incomplete by the end of the reporting period in which the combination occurs, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group reports provisional amounts for the items for which the accounting is incomplete. Those provisional amounts are adjusted during the measurement period, or additional assets or liabilities are recognised, to reflect new information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed at the acquisition date that, if known, would have affected the amounts recognised at that date.
Business combinations 2020
On 31 January 2020, the Just Eat Acquisition was declared wholly unconditional. As of such date, a hold separate order imposed by the United Kingdom’s Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) came into effect, requiring that the businesses continued to be run independently until the CMA’s investigation had been concluded.
On 15 April 2020, the CMA revoked the hold separate order, and as of such date the Company obtained control of Just Eat (the 'control date'). The primary reasons for the Just Eat Acquisition were to create one of the largest food delivery companies in the world, with scale, strategic vision and industry-leading capabilities, to acquire leading positions in attractive markets and a diversified geographic presence, to expand the product offering, and to create significant value through economies of scale.
Between the date that the Just Eat Acquisition was declared wholly unconditional and the acquisition (“control”) date, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group elected to irrevocably account for its investment in Just Eat as an equity investment at fair value through OCI as the Company could not exercise control or significant influence consequent to the CMA imposing the hold separate order. The total investment for 100% of the shares of Just Eat amounted to €7.1 billion and consisted of 82.8 million ordinary shares that were issued on various dates between 3 February 2020 and 10 August 2020. As per the control date, 15 April 2020, the Company determined the fair value of the consideration transferred based on the share price at that date and recognised a fair value gain of €323 million that was accounted for through OCI. The fair value of the consideration transferred as at the control date amounted to €7.4 billion which was used to recognise and measure goodwill.
The following table provides information for the Just Eat Acquisition on the control date fair value of each major class of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, including measurement period adjustments processed in 2020. At 15 April 2020, the fair value of the consideration transferred was based on the share price of €89.68 per share. The acquisition did not result in any contingent consideration. The measurement period for the Just Eat Acquisition ended on 14 April 2021 and therefore the assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and goodwill recognised were adjusted to reflect new information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date, and, if known, would have affected the measurement of the amounts recognised as of that date. The purchase price adjustments recognised during the measurement period resulted in an increase in goodwill of
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€2 million, a decrease in other intangible assets of €21 million, an increase in investments in associates of €7 million, an increase in other non-current assets of €17 million, an increase in current assets of €2 million, an increase in current liabilities of €13 million, a decrease in non-current liabilities of €11 million and an increase in non-controlling interests of €5 million. The purchase price adjustments recognised between the time the statutory consolidated financial statements were authorised for issue and the time these consolidated financial statements were authorised for issue are primarily related to the receipt of information relating to the (contingent) liabilities and uncertain tax positions.
€ millions
Total 2020
Ordinary share issued (82.8 million)
7,430
Total consideration
7,430
Other intangible assets
3,041
Property and equipment
18
Investments in associates and joint ventures
1,730
Right-of-use assets
64
Deferred tax assets
59
Other non-current assets
1
Trade and other receivables
80
Current tax asset
16
Inventories
4
Cash and cash equivalents
113
Borrowings
(348)
Deferred tax liability
(604)
Other non-current liabilities
(3)
Lease liability
(64)
Trade and other liabilities
(280)
Current tax liability
(6)
Total fair value of net identifiable assets and liabilities
3,821
Non-controlling interests
(5)
Goodwill recognised
3,614
The trade receivables comprise gross contractual amounts due of €80 million, of which none were expected to be uncollectable at the date of acquisition.
Goodwill recorded in connection with the Just Eat Acquisition represents future economic benefits specific to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group arising from assets that do not qualify for separate recognition as intangible assets. The goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes. Non-controlling interest is related to the 20% interest in FBA Invest SaS (“FBAI”). This non-controlling interest is not considered significant to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group.
From the date control was obtained, the revenues of Just Eat amounted to €1,371 million and the net income of Just Eat amounted to €49 million. The combined revenue and loss for the period of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the acquired businesses would have amounted to €2,401 million and €(305) million, respectively, if control had been obtained on 1 January 2020. Such unaudited pro forma figures are not intended to represent or be indicative of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s results of operations or financial condition that would have been reported had the Just Eat Acquisition been completed as of 1 January 2020 and should not be taken as indicative of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s future results of operations or financial condition.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has changed its approach to the determination of the unaudited pro forma combined information disclosed above by including adjustments for depreciation and amortisation that would have been charged assuming the fair value adjustments had applied from the beginning of the reporting period together with other directly attributable and factually supportable adjustments relating to the transaction which do not relate to future events and decisions, where applicable, in order to provide more representative information about the effects of a business combination transaction.
Total acquisition costs for completed and announced acquisitions amounted to €67 million for the period ended 31 December 2020 (period ended 31 December 2019: €40 million). The transaction costs accounted for through equity amount to €24 million in 2020 for the share issuance related to the Just Eat Acquisition (2019: €12 million) as well as €7 million for the accelerated bookbuild, refer to Note 20 Equity for more information.
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Cash flows on acquisitions
The cash flows, net of cash acquired in the business combinations, on acquisitions were related to the cash acquired amounting to €113 million in relation to the Just Eat Acquisition in 2020 (2019: €490 million consideration paid in relation to the acquisition of the German business of Delivery Hero S.E. consisting of Delivery Hero Germany GmbH and Foodora GmbH, which operated the Lieferheld, Pizza. de and Foodora brands in Germany (the “Acquired German Businesses”) net of cash acquired, 2018: €125 million consideration paid, mainly in relation to the acquisition of 10bis.co.il Ltd (“10bis”)). No consideration was paid in cash in relation to the Just Eat Acquisition.
Contingent consideration
Acquisitions completed in 2020 did not result in any contingent consideration.
Business combinations 2019
On 1 April 2019, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group acquired 100% of the Acquired German Businesses, and this acquisition is allocated to CGU Germany. Both entities operated portals for the online ordering of takeaway meals and beverages with restaurants in Germany. The total consideration amounts to €1,204 million and consists of a cash payment and an issuance of 9.5 million ordinary shares in the Company. In 2019, the total consideration was transferred.
The fair values of the identifiable assets and liabilities as at acquisition date for the acquisitions were based on the outcome of the provisional purchase price allocation. Therefore, the fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities was determined provisionally and was subject to change. The purchase price allocations were finalised within 12 months from the acquisition date.
€ millions
Total 2019
Consideration paid in cash
552
Ordinary shares issued (9.5 million)
652
Total consideration
1,204
Other intangible assets
281
Non-current assets
2
Trade and other receivables
7
Trade and other liabilities
(55)
Current tax liability
(22)
Deferred tax liability
(24)
Cash and cash equivalents
62
Total fair value of net identifiable assets and liabilities
251
Goodwill recognised
953
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group determined the purchase price allocation for this business combination to be goodwill of €953 million, other intangible assets of €281 million, non-current assets of €2 million, deferred tax liability of €24 million, current tax liabilities of €22 million and net working capital of €14 million. The nominal value of the acquired trade and other receivables at acquisition date amounts to €7 million.
Goodwill recorded in connection with the acquisition represents future economic benefits of anticipated synergies, future market developments and knowhow specific to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group arising from assets that do not qualify for separate recognition as intangible assets. The goodwill arising on these acquisitions is not tax deductible.
The primary reason for the significant business combination is to further strengthen Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s market share and enhance proposition for both consumers and (partner) restaurants in Germany.
Shortly after the acquisition of the Acquired German Businesses, the websites of the German businesses acquired (for example lieferheld.de, pizza.de and foodora.de) were migrated to lieferando.de, from which time it was no longer possible to separate the revenues and results of these websites. The (unaudited pro forma) combined revenue and loss of the period of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and the Acquired German Businesses would have amounted to €445 million and €135 million respectively, if the acquisition date had been 1 January 2019.
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Provisional fair value accounting
The fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities will be revised if new information is obtained within one year from the acquisition date about facts and circumstances that existed at the acquisition date, identified adjustments to the above amounts, or for any additional provisions that existed at the acquisition date.
In 2019 a subsequent change in purchase price accounting after the acquisition date was recorded, resulting in a €6 million increase of goodwill and trade and other liabilities in relation with the acquisition of the Acquired German Businesses. This relates to the classification of a liability as an external liability instead of an intercompany liability. The cashflow movement is part of the movement in working capital.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has not recorded any measurement period adjustment in 2020 for the Acquired German Businesses.
Contingent considerations
Acquisitions completed in 2019 did not result in any contingent consideration.
Announced acquisition: proposed all-share combination with Grubhub
On 10 June 2020, the Management Board announced that Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. and Grubhub Inc. (Grubhub) had entered into a definitive agreement whereby the Company is to acquire 100% of the shares of Grubhub in an all-share transaction. Under the terms of the Transaction, Grubhub shareholders will be entitled to receive American depositary receipts (ADRs) representing 0.6710 Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. ordinary shares in exchange for each Grubhub share, representing an implied value of $59.24 for each Grubhub share (based on the undisturbed closing price of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. on 20 April 2021 of €92.08 and implying a total equity consideration (on a fully diluted basis) of $6.1 billion. Immediately following completion of the Transaction, Grubhub shareholders are expected to own ADRs representing approximately 30% of the combined group (on a fully diluted basis).
On 7 October 2020 the Extraordinary General Meeting (EGM) of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. approved the acquisition of Grubhub and the appointment of Matthew Maloney as a member of the Management Board and the appointments of Lloyd Frink and David Fisher as members of the Supervisory Board, effective as of closing.
The Transaction is subject to the approval of Grubhub’s shareholders, as well as other customary completion conditions. Subject to satisfaction of the conditions, completion of the Transaction is anticipated to occur in the second quarter of 2021.
12 Goodwill
Goodwill arises from business combinations and is initially measured as set out above. Goodwill is subsequently measured at cost less accumulated impairment losses.
On acquisition of the investment in an associate or a joint venture, any excess of the cost of the investment over the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s share of the net fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities of the investee is recognised as goodwill, which is included within the carrying amount of the investment.
Goodwill is not amortised but is reviewed for impairment at least annually, or more frequently when there is an indication that goodwill may be impaired. For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill is allocated to each of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group CGUs expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination. If the recoverable amount of the CGU is less than the carrying amount of the CGU, the impairment loss is allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to that CGU and then to the other assets of the unit pro-rata on the basis of the carrying amount of each asset in that CGU. An impairment loss recognised for goodwill is not reversed in a subsequent period.
€ millions
2020
2019
Opening balance
1,102
141
Additions from business combinations
3,614
953
Foreign exchange and other movements
(102)
8
Balance as at the end of the period
4,614
1,102
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The carrying amount of goodwill as at 31 December 2020 amounted to €4,614 million (31 December 2019: €1,102 million). No impairment loss was recognised during 2020 (2019: nil). The exit of the United Kingdom from the European Union is not expected to have any impact on the carrying value of goodwill.
Allocation of goodwill to CGUs
For impairment testing purposes, goodwill has been allocated to CGUs as follows:
€ millions
31 December
2020
31 December
2019
CGU United Kingdom
2,137
CGU Germany
999
999
CGU Canada
820
Other (units carrying a non-significant goodwill balance)
658
103
Balance as at the end of the period
4,614
1,102
Goodwill allocated to CGUs United Kingdom, Germany and Canada is considered to be significant in comparison with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group's total carrying amount of goodwill. The recoverable amount of these CGUs is determined based on a value in use calculation, which uses cash flow projections based on financial budgets and estimates approved by the Management Board, or fair value less cost of sale. Projections were extrapolated with stable or declining growth rates.
Key assumptions - general
Forecast period
A forecast period of five years is used for the value in use calculation. An extended forecast period of seven or ten years is used if the CGUs operate in underpenetrated and competitive markets with observable growth rates, significantly exceeding perpetual growth rates, and significant investments. For CGUs that operate in underpenetrated and competitive markets, reaching stable Adjusted EBITDA margins is expected to take seven to ten years. A stable state of business is measured via penetration in a market and competitive position, which is reflected in the financial metric Adjusted EBITDA margin.
The Management Board has assessed the reasonableness of the assumptions on which its current cash flow projections are based, including the causes of differences between past cash flow projections and actual cash flows. It therefore considers cash flow projections over a period longer than five years to be reliable and a more accurate reflection of the maturity of the market.
Average revenue growth
Revenue growth is determined based on detailed planning on consumer cohort level, consistent with past experience (first three years) and management estimates based on market size, external market and industry growth assumptions and competitive position within the market (fourth year and beyond).
Long-run Adjusted EBITDA margin
The long-run Adjusted EBITDA margin is based on past performance and management's experience with the level of investment required to reach a stable state of business.
Perpetual growth rate
The cash flows beyond the forecast period have been extrapolated using a perpetual growth rate. These growth rates do not exceed the long-term average growth rate for each country in which the entity operates, or for the market in which the asset is used.
WACC
The weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”) is determined based on target capital structure of 97.5% equity (2019: 96.1%), where costs of equity are determined by capital asset pricing model (“CAPM”). The WACC is based on post-tax cost of equity and cost of debt using CGU-specific inputs for the risk-free interest rate, the beta factor, country and market risk premium.
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Key assumptions and sensitivity analysis relating to CGUs to which a significant amount of goodwill is allocated
The key assumptions used by the Management Board relating to CGUs to which a significant amount of goodwill is allocated are as follows:
2020
 
 
 
 
United Kingdom
Germany
Canada
Forecast period
7 years
5 years
7 years
Average revenue growth per annum in the first five years of planning period (CAGR)
16.3%
20.3%
17.6%
Average revenue growth per annum in the years subsequent to the first five years of planning period (CAGR)
3.5%
0.0%
3.8%
Long-run Adjusted EBITDA margin
33.6%
33.9%
14.3%
Perpetual growth rate (%)
0.8%
0.0%
1.4%
Pre-tax WACC (%)
9.8%
10.3%
10.8%
2019
 
 
 
 
 
The Netherlands
Germany
Israel
Other
Forecast period
5 years
10 years
10 years
10 years
Average revenue growth per annum in the first five years of planning period (CAGR)
12.5%
20.7%
25.4%
23.0%
Average revenue growth per annum in the years subsequent to the first five years of planning period (CAGR)
n.a.
15.0%
18.5%
16.8%
Long-run Adjusted EBITDA margin
52.0%
30.0%
40.0%
20.0%
Perpetual growth rate (%)
1.4%
1.5%
1.7%
2.1%
Pre-tax WACC (%)
11.4%
12.2%
11.1%
13.2%
The Management Board believes that the impairment analyses and assumptions used are appropriate in determining that the goodwill is not impaired as at 31 December 2020 and 31 December 2019, respectively.
Sensitivity analysis 2020
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has conducted an analysis of the sensitivity of the impairment test to changes in the key assumptions used to determine the recoverable amount for each of the group of CGUs to which a significant amount of goodwill is allocated. Decrease in demand can lead to a decline in order growth rates and Adjusted EBITDA margin. Changes in the WACC and perpetual growth rates can lead to lower recoverable amounts.
Based on the sensitivity analyses performed, it has been concluded that a reasonably possible change in the key assumptions as described above would not cause the carrying amounts of CGU Germany and CGU Canada to exceed their recoverable amounts.
CGU United Kingdom
The estimated recoverable amount exceeded its carrying amount by €1,191 million. An increase of 1.95% in the WACC would result in the value of the estimated recoverable amount to fall to the level of the carrying amount.
Other CGUs carrying a non-significant goodwill balance
For the other CGUs to which a non-significant amount of goodwill compared to the total carrying amount of goodwill is allocated, any reasonable change in the key assumptions would not cause the carrying amounts of these CGUs to exceed their recoverable amounts.
Sensitivity analysis 2019
Based on the sensitivity analyses performed, it has been concluded that a reasonably possible change in the key assumptions as described above would not cause the carrying amounts of CGU The Netherlands and CGU Israel to exceed their recoverable amounts. Reasonably possible changes in long-run adjusted EBITDA margin and perpetual growth rate would not require an impairment for CGU Germany.
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CGU Germany
The estimated recoverable amount exceeded its carrying amount by €126 million. A decrease of less than 5% in revenue or an increase of less than 1% in the WACC would result in the value of the estimated recoverable amount to fall to the level of the carrying amount.
Other CGUs carrying a non-significant goodwill balance
The estimated recoverable amount exceeded its carrying amount by €6 million. A reasonably possible change in any of the individual assumptions as mentioned above with the mentioned ranges would result in the value of the estimated recoverable amount to fall below the level of the carrying amount.
13 Other intangible assets
Other intangible assets includes assets acquired in a business combination, internally generated assets and assets acquired separately.
Intangible assets acquired in a business combination
Intangible assets acquired in a business combination are recognised separately from goodwill and are initially recognised at their fair values at the acquisition date (which is regarded as their cost). Subsequent to initial recognition, intangible assets acquired in a business combination are reported at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. Amortisation is recognised on a straight-line basis over the assets’ estimated useful lives.
Internally generated intangible assets
Expenditure on research activities is recognised as an expense in the period in which it is incurred. An internally generated intangible asset arising from development (or from the development phase of an internal project) is recognised only if the expenditure can be measured reliably, the product or process is technically and commercially feasible, future economic benefits are probable and the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group intends to and has sufficient resources to complete development and to use or sell the asset. Otherwise, it is recognised in profit or loss as incurred. The amount initially recognised for internally generated intangible assets is the sum of the expenditure incurred from the date when the intangible asset first meets the recognition criteria.
Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only when it increases the future economic benefits embodied in the specific asset to which it relates. All other expenditure, including expenditure on internally generated goodwill and brands, is recognised in profit or loss as incurred.
Subsequent to initial recognition, internally generated intangible assets are reported at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. Amortisation starts when the intangible asset is available for use and is recognised on a straight-line basis over the assets’ estimated useful lives.
Intangible assets acquired separately
Intangible assets acquired separately are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. Amortisation is recognised on a straight-line basis over the assets’ estimated useful lives. The estimated useful life and amortisation method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any change in estimates being accounted for on a prospective basis.
Useful lives
We have the following classes of intangible assets with accompanying finite useful lives:
Brands names: 3-20 years
Consumer lists: 6-33 years
Restaurant databases: 5-20 years
Technology platforms: 5-20 years
Development costs: 3-5 years
Other: 3-10 years
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An intangible asset is derecognised on disposal, or when no future economic benefits are expected from use or disposal. Any resulting gain or loss is measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognised in profit or loss when the asset is derecognised.
€ millions
Brand
names
Consumer
lists
Restaurant
databases
Technology
platforms
Development
costs
Other
Total
Cost
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance as at 1 January 2019
21
87
4
9
7
128
Additions
1
1
Additions from business combinations
5
247
28
1
281
Foreign exchange and other movements
1
6
0
1
8
Balance as at 31 December 2019
27
340
32
10
9
418
Additions
13
3
16
Additions from business combinations
499
2,243
101
189
(0)
9
3,041
Foreign exchange and other movements
(13)
(61)
(1)
(5)
0
(1)
(81)
Balance as at 31 December 2020
513
2,522
132
194
13
20
3,394
Accumulated amortisation
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance as at 1 January 2019
(2)
(12)
(1)
(0)
(5)
(20)
Amortisation expense
(2)
(19)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(25)
Balance as at 31 December 2019
(4)
(31)
(3)
(1)
(6)
(45)
Amortisation expense
(19)
(75)
(13)
(30)
(1)
(6)
(144)
Foreign exchange and other movements
(1)
2
(2)
2
0
1
2
Balance as at 31 December 2020
(24)
(104)
(18)
(29)
(1)
(11)
(187)
Balance as at 31 December 2019
23
309
29
9
3
373
Balance as at 31 December 2020
489
2,418
114
165
12
9
3,207
Brand names, consumer lists, restaurant databases and the technology platforms relate primarily to the acquired intangible assets of Just Eat, Yourdelivery (including the Acquired German Businesses) and 10bis.
Intangible assets other than goodwill are reviewed at each reporting period to determine whether there is any indication that the asset may be impaired. If an impairment indicator is identified, an impairment test is carried out in line with the general impairment testing policy for non-financial assets. In 2020, no impairment losses were recognised (2019: nil, 2018: nil).
14 Property and equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses (if any). Depreciation is recognised to write off the cost of an item of property and equipment, less any residual value, over its estimated useful life using a straight-line depreciation method. It is calculated as a fixed percentage of cost and is recognised from the date an asset is available for use.
The following useful lives are used in the calculation of depreciation:
Leasehold improvements: over the lease term
Other equipment: 3-5 years
The economic useful lives of the leasehold improvements have been aligned with the lease period agreed with the landlords. The estimated useful lives, residual values and depreciation method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate accounted for on a prospective basis.
An item of property and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from the continued use of the asset. Any resulting gain or loss is measured as the difference between the sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognised in profit or loss when the asset is derecognised.
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€ millions
Leasehold
improvements
Other equipment
Total
Cost
 
 
 
Balance as at 1 January 2019
5
7
12
Additions
3
5
8
Disposals
(1)
(1)
Balance as at 31 December 2019
8
11
19
Additions
11
16
27
Additions from business combinations
6
12
18
Foreign exchange movements
0
0
(0)
Balance as at 31 December 2020
25
39
64
Accumulated depreciation
 
 
 
Balance as at 1 January 2019
(2)
(3)
(5)
Reversal of accumulated depreciation on disposals
1
1
Depreciation expense
(1)
(2)
(3)
Balance as at 31 December 2019
(3)
(4)
(7)
Depreciation expense
(4)
(6)
(10)
Balance as at 31 December 2020
(7)
(10)
(17)
Balance as at 31 December 2019
5
7
12
Balance as at 31 December 2020
18
29
47
As at 31 December 2020, the contractual commitments entered into by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group on leasehold improvements amount to €3 million in 2020 (2019: €1 million).
During 2020, no impairment losses on items of property and equipment were recognised (2019: nil, 2018: nil).
As at 31 December 2020, no assets were pledged as security for borrowings of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group.
15 Investments in associates and joint ventures
An associate is an entity over which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has significant influence and that is neither a subsidiary nor an interest in a joint venture. Significant influence is where the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has the power to participate in the financial and operating policy decisions of the investee, but does not control or have joint control over those decisions.
The results, assets and liabilities of associates are incorporated in these financial statements using the equity method of accounting from the date on which the investee becomes an associate. The investment in an associate is initially recognised at cost in the consolidated statement of financial position. At the acquisition date, any excess of the cost of acquisition over the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s share of the net fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities of the associate is recognised as goodwill. Goodwill is included within the carrying amount of the investment.
Under the equity method, the carrying amount of the investment is adjusted to recognise the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s share of the profit or loss and OCI of the associate. When the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s share of losses of an associate exceeds the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s interest in that associate, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group discontinues recognising its share of further losses. Additional losses are recognised only to the extent that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has incurred legal or constructive obligations or made payments on behalf of the associate or joint venture.
In addition, when there has been a change recognised directly in the equity of the associate, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s share of any changes is recognised, when applicable, in the consolidated statement of changes in equity. Profits and losses resulting from transactions between the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and its associates are eliminated to the extent of the interest in the associate.
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A joint venture is a joint arrangement whereby the parties that have joint control of the arrangement have rights to the net assets of the joint arrangement. Joint control is the contractually agreed sharing of control of an arrangement, which exists only when decisions about the relevant activities require unanimous consent of the parties sharing control. Accounting for joint ventures is consistent with that of associates as set out above.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group discontinues the use of the equity method from the date when the investment ceases to be an associate or a joint venture. The difference between the carrying amount of the associate or a joint venture at the date the equity method was discontinued, and the fair value of any proceeds from disposing of the interest in the associate or a joint venture is included in the determination of the gain or loss on disposal of the associate or joint venture.
The general impairment testing requirements for non-financial assets are applied to determine whether it is necessary to recognise any impairment loss with respect to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s investment in an associate or a joint venture. When necessary, the entire carrying amount of the investment (including goodwill) is tested for impairment as a single asset by comparing its recoverable amount (higher of value in use and fair value less costs of disposal) with its carrying amount. Any impairment loss recognised is not allocated to any asset, including goodwill, that forms part of the carrying amount of the investment. Any reversal of that impairment loss is recognised to the extent that the recoverable amount of the investment subsequently increases.
As at 31 December 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group had investments in two associates, iFood Holdings B.V. (“iFood”) and IF-JE Holdings B.V. (“IF-NL”) (2019: none). Both associates are 33% owned, with the remaining 67% owned by Movile Internet Movel S.A. (“Movile”), or parties connected to Movile. Both entities are accounted for using the equity method in these financial statements as significant influence through representation on the entities’ board of directors is being considered and through the voting rights given by share ownership. Only iFood is considered to be material.
€ millions
2020
Balance as at 31 December 2019
Additions from business combinations
1,730
Capital contributions
55
Share of results of associates and joint ventures
(16)
Foreign exchange and other movements
(194)
Balance as at 31 December 2020
1,575
iFood operates a marketplace for online food delivery. iFood is incorporated in the Netherlands and has its principal place of business in Brazil, an area of significant growth potential. The summarised financial information for iFood is as follows:
€ millions
2020
Current assets
232
Non-current assets
49
Current liabilities
(148)
Non-current liabilities
(7)
Net assets of associate
126
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group's share of net assets
42
Goodwill
1,533
Carrying amount of the Just Eat Takeaway.com
 
Group's interest in the associate
1,575
Revenue for the period
433
Total result and comprehensive loss for the period
(16)
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group's share of results and total comprehensive loss for the period
(5)
Dividends received by the Just Eat Takeaway.com
 
Group
Funding payments were made to iFood of €44 million following the Just Eat Acquisition.
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IF-NL is a holding company with its principal place of residence in the Netherlands. The value of IF-NL was €0 million as per 31 December 2020. The primary investment of IF-NL is El Cocinero a Cuerda SL (“ECAC”), a Mexican online food marketplace business. IF-NL owns 49% of ECAC and the remaining 51% is owned directly by Just Eat Spain S.L. and, as such, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group owns 67% of ECAC in total. As both shareholders have joint decision-making rights, joint control of ECAC is held by Just Eat Spain S.L. and Movile and ECAC is accounted for as a joint venture using the equity method.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s share of profit or loss and OCI of the non-material associate IF-JE and the joint venture ECAC is €0 million and €11 million, respectively, for 2020. Funding payments of €11 million were made to the joint venture following the Just Eat Acquisition.
Operations of the joint venture ceased on 4 December 2020 and as per 31 December 2020, the business has been closed down and no remaining commitments have been made relating to our interest in this joint venture. No contingent liabilities are incurred relating to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group's interests in the joint venture as per 31 December 2020.
16 Trade and other receivables
Trade receivables and other receivables are initially recognised at fair value, which is generally equal to the transaction price, and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method (if the effect of the time value of money is material), less a loss allowance. The loss allowance for trade receivables is equal to lifetime expected credit losses (“ECL”).
The ECL on trade receivables are estimated using a provision matrix by reference to historical credit loss experience based on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s historical credit loss experience, adjusted for factors that are specific to the debtors, general economic conditions and an assessment of both the current as well as the forecast direction of conditions at the reporting date, including time value of money where appropriate.
The carrying amount of trade receivables is reduced through the use of a loss allowance account and the amount of the loss is recognised within other operating expenses. When a trade receivable becomes uncollectible, it is written off against the allowance account for doubtful debts. Subsequent recoveries of amounts previously written off are credited against other operating expenses.
Trade receivables from online payment service providers relate to online payments of orders by consumers settled through externally contracted online payment service providers. Trade receivables from corporate accounts relate to monthly invoicing of corporate businesses whose employees use the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group's marketplace. Trade receivables of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group do not have a significant financing component.
€ millions
2020
2019
Trade receivables online payment service providers
115
14
Trade receivables corporate accounts
31
24
Trade receivables restaurants
5
2
Other trade receivables
2
Other receivables
9
4
Closing balance
162
44
The closing balance of the trade receivables is as follows:
€ millions
Online payment
service
providers
Corporate
accounts
Restaurants
Other trade
receivables
Trade receivables
14
25
3
Loss allowance trade receivables
(1)
(1)
Balance as at 31 December 2019
14
24
2
Trade receivables
115
32
10
2
Loss allowance trade receivables
(1)
(5)
Balance as at 31 December 2020
115
31
5
2
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No loss allowance for trade receivables from online payment service providers and other trade receivables was deemed necessary as at 31 December 2020 (31 December 2019: nil).
The average credit period on sales of services is 30 days (2019: 30 days). No interest is charged on receivables. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has recognised a loss allowance of 100% against all receivables over 365 days past due because historical experience has shown that these receivables are generally not recoverable. None of the trade receivables that have been written off are subject to enforcement activities (2019: none). There has been no change in the estimation techniques or significant assumptions made during the current reporting period.
For the trade receivables outstanding past due for more than 90 days but less than 365 days we concluded that these are still recoverable, as there is no history of impairment for this age category.
There were no individually impaired receivables in 2020 which have been placed under liquidation (2019: nil).
The following table details the risk profile of trade receivables based on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group's provision matrix. As the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group's historical credit loss experience does not show significantly different loss patterns for different segments, the provision for loss allowance based on past due status is not further distinguished between segments.
Category
ECL rate
Not overdue
5%
31-60 days
5%
61-90 days
15%
91-180 days
30%
181-365 days
70%
over 365 days
100%
17 Other current assets
Other current assets are initially recognised at fair value, which is generally equal to the transaction price.
€ millions
2020
2019
Prepaid expenses
64
12
Deposits
7
0
Other
29
20
Closing balance
100
32
Prepaid expenses include €18 million related to sponsorship agreements, €25 million prepaid marketing and technology expenses and €10 million prepaid merchandise and printers.
Other current assets include €22 million listing-related costs to be accounted for through equity upon completion of the Grubhub acquisition (2019: €20 million related to the Just Eat Acquisition).
18 Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost comprises direct materials and, where applicable, direct labour costs and those overheads that have been incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Inventories are valued on a first-in-first-out basis. Net realisable value represents the estimated selling price less all estimated costs of completion and costs to be incurred in marketing, selling and distribution.
€ millions
2020
2019
Terminals
5
0
Merchandise
9
4
Closing balance
14
4
The cost of inventories recognised as an expense during the year amount to €49 million (2019: €12 million, 2018: €7 million).
The inventories are written down for an amount of €2 million (2019: €0 million, 2018: nil), the write-off of inventories is recognised in Other operating expenses.
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19 Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents are stated at face value and comprise cash balances, deposits held on call with banks, and other short-term highly liquid investments (maturity less than 3 months from acquisition date) that are readily convertible to a known amount of cash and subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
Impairment on cash and cash equivalents has been measured on a 12-month expected loss basis and reflects the short maturities of the exposures. the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group considers that its cash and cash equivalents have low credit risk based on the external credit ratings of the counterparties.
€ millions
2020
2019
Cash and cash equivalents
488
32
Restricted cash
41
18
Closing balance
529
50
As at 31 December 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group had issued bank guarantees amounting to €2 million (31 December 2019: €1 million), and had issued letters of credit amounting to €7 million (31 December 2019: nil). Cash and cash equivalents are not restricted in relation to cross-border cash movements or repatriation due to tax complications. The amount of impairment allowance as at 31 December 2020 is nil (2019: nil, 2018: nil).
Stichting Derdengelden Takeaway.com acts as trustee in several of the legacy Takeaway countries. Stichting Derdengelden Takeaway.com collects the entire value of the order paid by the consumer through third party payment service providers and remits the proceeds collected to the restaurants after deducting commissions, delivery and administration fees. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group controls Stichting Derdengelden Takeaway.com and as a consequence the foundation is consolidated. No equity interest is held in the foundation. The value of the orders to be remitted to the restaurant and held by Stichting Derdengelden Takeaway.com amounts to €40 million as at 31 December 2020 and is presented as restricted cash (31 December 2019: €18 million).
20 Equity
Share capital
Ordinary share capital is classified as share capital. Preference share capital is classified as equity if it is non-redeemable, or redeemable only at the Company’s option and any dividends are discretionary.
Share premium
Share premium is the excess of the amount received by the Company over and above the nominal value of its shares issued. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares are shown in shareholders’ equity as a deduction, net of tax, from the proceeds and are presented in share premium.
Authorised share capital
The authorised share capital is the maximum capital that the Company can issue under the terms of the Company's articles of association.
As per 31 January 2020, the Company's articles of association were amended. The amendments included the increase of the authorised share capital as well as abolition of preference shares. Accordingly, the Company's authorised share capital as at 31 December 2020 amounted to €16 million, divided into 400,000,000 shares with a nominal value of €0.04 each.
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Share capital
The Company had issued 148,758,803 shares at nominal value €0.04 each, amounting to an issued share capital of €5,950,352 as at 31 December 2020 (31 December 2019: 61,206,450 ordinary shares at nominal value €0.04 each, amounting to an issued share capital of €2.4 million; 31 December 2018: 43,218,234 ordinary shares at nominal value €0.04 each, amounting to an issued share capital of €1.7 million). All shares have been issued and paid-in.
 
2020
2019
2018
Opening balance
61,206,450
43,218,234
43,183,176
Issued during the year:
 
 
 
Issuances in connection with acquisitions
82,845,346
9,500,000
Capital raise in form of accelerated bookbuilding
4,600,000
8,350,000
Issuances upon vesting or exercise under share (option) plans
107,007
138,216
35,058
Closing balance
148,758,803
61,206,450
43,218,234
The 87.55 million ordinary shares issued during the period mainly relate to the issuance of 4.60 million shares in an accelerated bookbuild in April 2020 as well as issuance of a total of 82.85 million ordinary shares in relation to the Just Eat Acquisition. The total issuance costs for the accelerated bookbuild offering amounted to €400 million. In addition, in 2020 ordinary shares were issued due to the vesting of shares and the exercise of share options under the equity-settled share-based payment plans (refer to Note 6 for more details on each of these plans).
Preference share capital
The Company had no outstanding preference shares as at 31 December 2020, 31 December 2019 and 31 December 2018.
Termination of call option cumulative preference shares
As at 31 December 2019, the Company had granted a call option to purchase cumulative preference shares to Stichting Continuiteit Takeaway.com for an indefinite period. In 2020, the Company has terminated its defensive foundation structure through Stichting Continuiteit Takeaway.com. The termination took place as per 3 February 2020, the date on which the Company's issued share capital was admitted to the premium segment of the UK Official List and to trading on the London Stock Exchange. We expect that Stichting Continuiteit Takeaway.com will be liquidated in 2021.
Share premium
The share premium reserve amounted to €8,801 million as at 31 December 2020 (31 December 2019: €1,324 million, 31 December 2018: €250 million). The movement is due to the issuance of new shares following the accelerated bookbuild offering to mainly pay down revolving credit facilities and the payment of an exercise price above the nominal value of the shares upon exercise of share options, when applicable.
Option premium on convertible bonds
The option premium reserve amounted to €74 million as at 31 December 2020 (31 December 2019: €23 million, 31 December 2018: nil) and relates to the conversion option, net of tax, included in the 2020 convertible bonds and 2019 convertible bonds. Reference is made to Note 22 for the disclosure on the convertible bonds.
Equity-settled share-based payments reserve
The equity-settled share-based payments reserve relates to share options granted by the Company to each of the Managing Directors under the LTIPs as well as the share-based payment plans in place for employees (refer to Note 6 for more details on each of these plans). Each share option can be converted into one share of the Company upon exercise. No amounts are paid or payable to the Company by the participants for the vesting of shares. Upon exercise of vested share options, the exercise price related to the share options must be paid by the participant. The share options, vested or unvested, carry neither rights to dividends nor voting rights. Share options may be exercised at any time from the dates of vesting to the dates of their expiry, subject to the Company's insider dealing rules.
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The cash flows related to the share options are included in the proceeds from issue of ordinary shares for the amount of €1 million.
Fair value through OCI reserve
The fair value through OCI reserve amounted to €323 million as at 31 December 2020 (31 December 2019: nil, 31 December 2018: nil) and relates to the fair value gain recognised for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group's investment in Just Eat prior to obtaining control. Between the date that the Just Eat Acquisition was declared wholly unconditional and the acquisition (“control”) date, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group elected to irrevocably account for its investment in Just Eat as an equity investment at fair value through OCI. Refer to Note 11 Business combinations.
Foreign currency translation reserve
The foreign currency translation reserve comprises foreign currency translation differences arising from the translation of assets and liabilities of foreign operations and from translation of goodwill arising on the acquisition of a foreign operation and any fair value adjustments to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities arising on the acquisition of foreign operation. When a foreign operation is sold, exchange differences recorded in shareholders’ equity prior to the sale are reclassified from shareholders’ equity to profit or loss as part of the gain or loss on divestment. This reserve is not available for distribution and is classified as a legal reserve under Dutch law.
Accumulated deficits
Accumulated deficits are related to past net losses allocated to shareholders’ equity. According to article 10.1 of the Company’s articles of association, the Company’s result is freely at the disposal of the shareholders, provided that total shareholders’ equity exceeds the called-up and paid-up capital of the Company, increased by legal and statutory reserves. In accordance with article 10.1.8 of the Company’s articles of association, the Management Board is authorised to determine the allocation of a deficit to be included in the financial statements. Our articles of association can be found on our corporate website.
The Management Board has determined that the net loss of 2020 amounting to €170 million (31 December 2019: €121 million, 31 December 2018: €7 million) has been accounted for in accumulated deficits.
21 Basic and diluted loss per share
Basic loss per share
Basic loss per share is calculated by dividing the loss attributable to equity holders of the Company by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year.
Diluted loss per share
Diluted loss per share is calculated by adjusting the weighted average number of shares outstanding to assume conversion of all potential dilutive ordinary shares arising from share options and other equity-settled share-based plans. The effect of anti-dilutive potential ordinary shares is ignored in calculating diluted earnings per share.
For the share options, a calculation is performed to determine the number of shares that could have been acquired at fair value (determined as the average annual market share price of the Company’s shares), based on the monetary value of the subscription rights attached to outstanding share options.
Numbers of ordinary shares
Numbers of weighted-average shares used in the calculation of basic and diluted loss per share are as follows:
 
2020
2019
2018
For the purpose of basic loss per share
140,419,945
58,008,856
43,218,234
For the purpose of diluted loss per share
140,419,945
58,008,856
43,218,234
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The number of potential dilutive weighted-average shares not taken in consideration above, due to their anti-dilutive effect, amount to 5,868,723 ordinary shares (2019: 3,684,359 ordinary shares), mainly related to the 2020 convertible bonds, the 2019 convertible bonds and share-based payment plans.
Basic and diluted loss per share
The loss used in the calculation of basic and diluted loss per share are as follows:
€ millions
2020
2019
2018
Loss used in the calculation
(170)
(121)
(7)
As at 31 December 2020, only one consolidated subsidiary FBA Invest SaS (“FBAI”) is not wholly owned by the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group. The non-controlling interest portion in FBAI amounts to 20%. This NCI is not considered significant to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group.
22 Borrowings
Borrowings are recognised initially at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Subsequently, amounts are stated at amortised cost with the difference being recognised in the statement of profit or loss over the term of the borrowings using the effective interest rate method.
€ millions
2020
2019
2019 convertible bonds (2,500 notes at €100,000 par value)
229
222
2020 convertible bonds (3,000 notes at €100,000 par value)
245
Borrowings - non-current
474
222
2019 convertible bonds
6
6
2020 convertible bonds
3
Revolving credit facility
15
Borrowings - current
9
21
Borrowings -total
483
243
The current borrowings as at 31 December 2020 relate to the interest payable within 12 months regarding the 2020 convertible bonds and 2019 convertible bonds. The weighted average effective interest rate on borrowings in 2020 was 4.8% (2019: 5.2%).
Revolving credit facility (the Just Eat RCF)
As at 31 December 2019, Just Eat had access to a committed £350 million Revolving Credit Facility (“Revolving Credit Facility”), expiring in November 2023. However, on 9 March 2020, the RCF was amended and extended. The facility level was increased and denominated in two tranches, £268 million and €308 million, and the term extended to 9 March 2025. The RCF also includes an option to increase the facility by a further £200 million (subject to bank credit committee approval) and an option to extend the facility by two further years (subject to bank credit committee approval). The RCF is unsecured and contains common financial covenants (related to leverage and interest cover). The financial covenants are tested on 30 June and 31 December each year and to date have been complied with at all measurement points.
Following the business combination, the RCF has been amended to include Takeaway.com Group B.V. as an additional borrower and companies in the wider the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group as additional guarantors. The RCF is undrawn at year end.
Revolving credit facility (the Takeaway.com RCF)
On 26 October 2019, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group entered into a loan agreement for a €60 million RCF (the “Takeaway.com RCF”), which was subsequently amended in January 2020 to increase the amount that could be borrowed to up to €120 million. The Takeaway.com RCF was terminated in April 2020.
Bridge facility agreement
On 24 September 2018 the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group received a bridge facility (the “bridge facility”) to finance acquisition of 10bis. The interest rate is in line with market conditions and is based on Euribor plus a
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margin for the first three months of 0.35%, for the fourth until the sixth month 0.70%, for the seventh until the ninth month 1.10% and for the tenth until the twelfth month 1.50%. The bridge facility was fully repaid before maturity was reached, from the proceeds of the issuance of new shares on 22 January 2019.
2020 convertible bonds
On 30 April 2020, the Company issued convertible bonds due April 2026 (the “2020 convertible bonds”) at 100% of their nominal value in an aggregate principal amount of €300 million. The 2020 convertible bonds have an interest rate of 1.25% payable semi-annually in arrears in equal instalments on 30 April and 30 October each year, commencing on 30 October 2020. The 2020 convertible bonds have a maturity of six years and a denomination of €100,000 each. The bonds are convertible into ordinary shares of the Company at the option of the bondholders during the conversion period ending on the earlier of 7 business days prior to the redemption date following the issue of a Physical Settlement Notice or 7 business days prior to the maturity date. The initial conversion price was set at €121.80, (40% premium over the reference share price) and will be subject to adjustment in certain circumstances in line with market practice.
The Company will have the option to redeem all, but not some, of the 2020 convertible bonds at their principal amount plus any accrued but unpaid interest from 15 May 2023 until 14 May 2024 if the calculated parity value (as described in the Terms and Conditions) on at least 20 trading days out of 30 consecutive trading days equals or exceeds 150% of the principal amount or from 15 May 2024, if the calculated parity value on at least 20 trading days out of 30 consecutive trading days equals or exceeds 130% of the principal amount. Any outstanding bonds are also redeemable at any time after settlement date if at least 85% of the issued bonds have been converted, settled or redeemed.
2019 convertible bonds
On 25 January 2019, the Company issued the 2019 convertible bonds (the “2019 convertible bonds”) at 100% of their nominal value. The 2019 convertible bonds carry an interest rate of 2.25% payable semi-annually in arrears in equal instalments on 25 January and 25 July each year, commencing on 25 July 2019, and have a denomination of €100,000 each. The 2019 convertible bonds are convertible into ordinary shares of the Company at the option of the bondholders during the conversion period ending on the earlier of 7 business days prior to the redemption date following the issue of a Physical Settlement Notice or 7 business days prior to the maturity date. The initial conversion price of the 2019 convertible bonds was set at €69.525, (35% premium over the reference share price) and will be subject to adjustment in certain circumstances in line with market practice.
The Company will have the option to redeem all, but not some, of the 2020 convertible bonds at their principal amount plus any accrued but unpaid interest, from 9 February 2022 if the calculated parity value (as described in the Terms and Conditions) on at least 20 trading days out of 30 consecutive trading days equals or exceeds 130% of the principal amount. Any outstanding bonds are also redeemable at any time after settlement date if at least 85% of the issued bonds have been converted, settled or redeemed.
€ millions
2020
2019
Opening balance
229
Proceeds from issue 2019 convertible bond
250
Proceeds from issue 2020 convertible bond
300
Transaction costs
(6)
(6)
Net proceeds
294
244
Amount classified as equity (net of transaction costs)
(51)
(23)
Accrued interest
19
11
Interest paid
(8)
(3)
Carrying amount of liability at 31 December
483
229
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23 Trade and other liabilities
Trade and other liabilities are initially measured at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method.
€ millions
2020
2019
Trade payables
286
61
Trade payables
47
7
Amounts due to restaurants
239
54
Other liabilities
427
110
Accrued Staff Expenses
81
6
VAT, w age tax, social security liabilities and pension premiums
77
15
Other liabilities
269
89
Closing balance
713
171
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has a policy in place to ensure that all liabilities are paid within the pre-agreed credit terms.
In 2020, other liabilities mainly represent accrued marketing expenses of €49 million (2019: €15 million), accrued professional fees and legal expenses, mainly related to the Grubhub acquisition, of €43 million (2019: €46 million related to the Just Eat Acquisition), accrued courier-related expenses of €77 million, deferred revenue of €23 million, and digital service tax payable of €13 million.
24 Financial instruments
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s statement of financial position when the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value, except for trade receivables which are measured at their transaction price. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are recognised immediately in profit or loss.
The classification of financial asset is based on the business model in which the asset is held and the contractual terms of the financial asset that give rise to cashflows.
Financial assets are classified into one of three measurement categories:
— Amortised cost;
— Fair value through the statement of other comprehensive income (FVOCI); or
— Fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL)
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group recognises a loss allowance for expected credit losses on investments in debt instruments that are measured at amortised cost or at FVTOCI, lease receivables, trade receivables and contract assets, as well as on financial guarantee contracts. The amount of expected credit losses is updated at each reporting date to reflect changes in credit risk since initial recognition of the respective financial instrument.
Financial liabilities are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangements and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument. The convertible bonds have two components, one that creates a financial liability (the obligation to make scheduled payments of interest and principal) for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and one that grants an option to the holder of the instrument to convert it into an equity instrument of the entity. These components are recognised separately as debt and equity respectively.
Financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective-interest method, with interest expense recognised in the profit or loss.
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Derivative financial instruments are recognised initially at fair value at the date a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently remeasured to their fair value at each reporting date. The resulting gain or loss is recognised in profit or loss immediately. A derivative with a positive fair value is recognised as a financial asset whereas a derivative with a negative fair value is recognised as a financial liability. Derivatives are not offset in the financial statements unless the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has both a legally enforceable right and intention to offset.
Capital management
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group manages its capital to ensure that entities in the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group will be able to continue as going concerns while maximising the return to stakeholders through the optimisation of the debt and equity balance. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s overall strategy remains unchanged from 2019.
The capital structure of the Company consists of net debt (borrowings as disclosed in Note 22 after deducting available cash and cash equivalents as disclosed in Note 19) and shareholders’ equity (comprising issued ordinary share capital, share premium, reserves and accumulated deficits as disclosed in Note 20).
The Management Board reviews the capital structure of the Company on a quarterly basis. As part of this review, the Management Board considers the cost of capital and the risks associated with each class of capital.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is subject to financial covenants under the Just Eat RCF. Reference is made to Note 22 Borrowings.
€ millions
2020
2019
Short-term borrowings
9
21
Long-term borrowings
474
222
Lease liabilities
87
27
Cash and cash equivalents
(529)
(50)
excl. restricted cash
41
18
Net debt
82
238
Equity
8,481
1,134
Net debt is defined as borrowings, including lease liabilities, net of available cash and cash equivalents. Equity includes all capital and reserves that are managed as capital.
Financial risk management objectives
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group's activities are exposed to a number of financial risks. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group seeks to minimise the effects of market risk, credit risk and liquidity risk based on charters and policies. US dollar exposure arises on the forecast payment of invoices to US dollar-denominated suppliers. As the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group does not currently have US dollar revenues, forward foreign exchange contracts with maturities up to one year are used to manage these exposures. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group does not enter into derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group entered into forward contracts totaling USD 30 million and GBP 29 million, to hedge highly probable forecasted US dollar-denominated operating costs and the cash flows of an intercompany loan denominated in Canadian dollars, respectively. The forward contracts have maturity dates ranging between 4 January 2021 and 1 September 2021. The forward contracts are valued based on level 1 inputs according to the fair value hierarchy and the mark-to-market value at 31 December 2020 is a liability of €2 million. The derivative assets and liabilities meet the offsetting criteria in IAS 32. Consequently, the gross derivative liability is set off against the gross derivative asset, resulting in the presentation of a net derivative liability in the statement of financial position. This amount is included within Other liabilities. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group does not apply hedge accounting.
Market risk
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s activities expose it to the financial risks of changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates. There has been no change to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group's exposure to market risk or the manner in which these risks are managed and measured.
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Foreign currency risk
Foreign exchange risk is the risk to earnings or capital arising from movement of foreign exchange rates. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group undertakes transactions denominated in foreign currencies and therefore currency fluctuations may impact the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group's financial results.
The carrying amounts of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s foreign currency assets and liabilities at the reporting date are as follows:
€ millions
31 December 2020
Assets
31 December 2020
Liabilities
EUR
52
56
CAD
36
15
GBP
26
44
USD
13
6
DKK
1
26
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is mainly exposed to changes in foreign currency fluctuations of the euro, British pound, Canadian dollar and Danish krone.
A sensitivity analysis was performed to determine the impact on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group's loss and equity of a 5% change in the relevant foreign currency exchange rates, with all other variables held constant. The analysis included only outstanding foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities (i.e. those monetary assets and liabilities denominated in a currency that differs from the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group entities’ functional currencies). The euro relates to exposure to the exchange rate fluctuations of the euro within subsidiaries which have other functional currencies. The percentage used (5%) is the sensitivity rate used when reporting foreign currency risk internally to key management personnel and represents management's assessment of the reasonably possible change in foreign exchange rates. It was concluded that a reasonably possible change in the relevant foreign currency exchange rates would have a small impact on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s loss.
Interest rate risk
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is exposed to interest rate risk due to existing borrowings at both fixed and floating interest rates. The risk is managed by the Management Board by maintaining an acceptable mix between fixed and floating rate borrowings. For the periods under review, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group obtained only one debt instrument with floating rate of interest, the Takeaway.com RCF, which was terminated in April 2020. As a result of the Just Eat Acquisition, certain subsidiaries of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group are borrowers under one debt instrument with a floating rate of interest, the Just Eat RCF. Reference is made to Note 22.
As of 31 December 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group had no outstanding drawings subject to a floating interest rate pursuant to the Just Eat RCF. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is exposed to interest rate risk on variable-rate debt drawn under the Just Eat RCF as a result of which fluctuations in interest rates will impact the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group's consolidated financial statements and a rising interest rate environment will increase the amount of interest paid on debt drawn under the Just Eat RCF. The exposure to interest rate risks on financial assets and financial liabilities are detailed in the liquidity risk management section of this Note.
The sensitivity analysis has been determined based on the exposure to interest rate for non-derivative instruments at the reporting date. For floating rate liabilities, the analysis is prepared assuming the amount of liability outstanding at the reporting date was outstanding for the whole year.
A hypothetical 100 basis point increase in interest rates would have resulted in an insignificant increase In the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group 's interest expense for the year ended 31 December 2020.
Credit risk
Credit risk refers to the risk that a customer or other counterparty will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial loss to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group. In the event the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group decides to assume more credit risk through asset concentrations or adoption of new credit standards in conjunction with untested business lines, it will properly evaluate the impact this action will have on its liquidity.
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The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group structures the levels of credit risk it undertakes by placing limits on the amount of risk accepted in relation to one borrower, or groups of borrowers and industry segments. Such risks are monitored on a revolving basis and are subject to frequent review. The Management Board periodically discusses the level of credit exposure from restaurants and corporate accounts at its meetings. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group usually collects trade receivables within seven days.
Note 16 details the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group's exposure to credit risk and the measurement bases used to determine expected credit losses for trade receivables.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has two sublease contracts of office facilities in Germany with payments in advance. These contracts were added as part of the business combination of the Acquired German Businesses. Since recognition the credit risk of net investment in the lease have not changed as all lease payments were received in a timely manner.
Trade receivables consist of a large number of unrelated restaurants in various geographical areas. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s credit risk is reduced by its business model which allows it to offset payables to restaurants against receivables. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group does not have significant credit risk exposure to any single counterparty. Concentration of credit risk to any counterparty did not exceed 5% of gross monetary assets at any time during 2020 (2019: did not exceed 5%).
The credit risk on liquid funds is limited because the counterparties are financial institutions with strong credit-ratings assigned by international credit-rating agencies.
Liquidity risk
This is the risk to earnings or capital arising from a possible scenario that the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group might not be able to meet its obligations when they come due, without incurring unacceptable losses.
Liquidity risk includes the inability to manage unplanned decreases or changes in funding sources. Liquidity risk also arises from a failure to recognise or address changes in the market conditions that affect the ability to liquidate assets quickly and with minimal loss in value.
Ultimate responsibility for liquidity risk management rests with the Management Board, which has established an appropriate liquidity risk approach for the management of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s short-, medium- and long-term funding and liquidity management requirements. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group manages liquidity risk by maintaining adequate reserves, by continuously monitoring cash flows, and by matching the maturity profiles of financial assets and liabilities.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has an RCF denominated in two tranches of £268 million and €308 million. No drawings were outstanding under this facility at year end. Reference is made to Note 22 for further information on Borrowings.
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The table below summarises the maturity profile of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s financial liabilities and net investment in the lease with agreed repayment periods. The table has been drawn up based on the undiscounted cash flows based on the earliest date on which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group can be required to pay. The tables include both interest and principal cash flows:
€ millions
Less than
one year
Between one
and five years
More than
five years
31 December 2020
 
 
 
Lease liability
22
49
21
Convertible bond
9
581
Revolving credit facility
Net investment in the lease asset
0
1
Trade and other liabilities
713
Total monetary assets and liabilities
744
631
21
31 December 2019
 
 
 
Lease liability
11
14
4
Convertible bond
6
270
Revolving credit facility
15
Net investment in the lease asset
0
1
0
Trade and other liabilities
171
Total monetary assets and liabilities
203
285
4
The nominal amount of the 2020 convertible bonds may be converted into shares of the Company. For leases, reference is made to Note 25.
Fair value measurements
The Managing Directors consider that the carrying amounts of financial assets and financial liabilities, other than the convertible bonds, recognised in the consolidated financial statements 2020 approximate their fair values.
The fair value of the convertible bonds is estimated to be €538 million in 2020 (2019: €250 million). The fair value deviates from the principal amount, due to changes in market interest rates and credit spreads since the date of issue of the convertible bonds, which carry a fixed coupon interest rate.
At year-end, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group's 0.24% equity investment in Woowa Brothers Corp. is measured at FVTPL with a value of €8 million as at 31 December 2020, which is included in Non-current assets. The fair value of the investment was determined with reference to a market offer for the majority shareholding in Woowa Brothers Corp and is therefore categorised as level 2 as at 31 December 2020 (2019: level 2).
25 Leases
As a lessee
A right-of-use asset and a lease liability are recognised at the lease commencement date.
The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted by using the interest rate implicit in the lease. If this rate cannot be readily determined, the lessee uses its incremental borrowing rate. The lease liability is subsequently measured by increasing the carrying amount to reflect interest on the lease liability (using the effective interest method) and by reducing the carrying amount to reflect the lease payments made.
The right-of-use assets comprise the initial measurement of the corresponding lease liability, lease payments made at or before the commencement day, less any lease incentives received and any initial direct costs. They are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses. The useful life for right-of-use assets is equal to the corresponding lease term. If there is evidence that the remaining useful life of underlying assets is lower than the lease term, then useful life is used.
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Whenever an obligation is incurred for costs to restore the underlying asset to the condition required by the terms and conditions of the lease, a provision is recognised. To the extent that the costs relate to a right-of-use asset, the costs are included in the related right-of-use asset, unless those costs are incurred to produce inventories.
If a lease transfers ownership of the underlying asset or the cost of the right-of-use asset reflects the expectation to exercise a purchase option, the related right-of-use asset is depreciated over the useful life of the underlying asset. The depreciation starts at the commencement date of the lease. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group applies the general impairment of non-financial assets requirements to determine whether a right-of-use asset is impaired.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group applies the short-term lease recognition exemption to its short-term leases (i.e., those leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less from the commencement date and do not contain a purchase option). The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group applies the lease of low-value assets recognition exemption to leases of bikes and office equipment that are considered to be low value (i.e., below €5,000). Lease payments on short-term leases and leases of low-value assets are recognised as expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group applies a single discount rate to a portfolio of leases with reasonably similar characteristics. Many leases contain extension and termination options which are included in the lease terms if Just Eat Takeaway.com is reasonably certain that they will be exercised.
As a lessor
Leases for which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is a lessor are classified as finance or operating leases. Whenever the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to the lessee, the contract is classified as a finance lease. All other leases are classified as operating leases. When the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is an intermediate lessor, it accounts for the head lease and the sub-lease as two separate contracts. The sub-lease is classified as a finance or operating lease by reference to the right-of-use asset arising from the head lease.
IAS 17 policy - 2018
Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to the lessee. All other leases are classified as operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognised as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term, except where another systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic benefits from the leased asset are consumed.
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Operating leases relate to leases of office buildings and other tangible assets with lease terms of between 1 and 8 years. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group does not have an option to purchase the leased properties at the expiry of the lease periods.
€ millions
Right-of-use asset
Total
 
Real estate
Vehicles
Cost
 
 
 
Balance as at 1 January 2019
14
1
15
Additions
8
1
9
Additions from business combinations
7
0
7
Foreign exchange movement
1
1
As at 31 December 2019
30
2
32
Additions
12
2
14
Additions from business combinations
62
2
64
Disposals
(1)
(0)
(1)
Foreign exchange and other movements
(4)
(0)
(4)
As at 31 December 2020
99
6
105
Accumulated depreciation
 
 
 
Balance as at 1 January 2019
Depreciation
(7)
(1)
(8)
As at 31 December 2019
(7)
(1)
(8)
Depreciation
(18)
(2)
(20)
As at 31 December 2020
(25)
(3)
(28)
Balance as at 31 December 2019
23
1
24
Balance as at 31 December 2020
74
3
77
Lease liability
€ millions
2020
2019
As at 1 January
27
15
Additions
12
9
Additions from business combinations
64
9
Disposals
(4)
(0)
Interest expense
2
1
Lease payments
(12)
(8)
Foreign exchange and other movements
(2)
1
As at 31 December
87
27
As at 31 December 2020, the short-term portion of the lease liabilities amounted to €21 million (2019: €10 million).
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has two sub-lease contracts in relation to office facilities in which it acts as lessor. These contracts are classified as finance leases under IFRS 16. Net investment in the leases are part of other non-current assets and finance income as disclosed in Note 8 and Note 24.
Income and expenses
€ millions
2020
2019
Depreciation expense on RoU Assets
(20)
(8)
Interest expense on lease liabilities
(2)
(1)
Expense relating to short-term leases
(0)
(0)
Expense relating to low value leases
(6)
(3)
Total
(28)
(12)
As at 31 December 2020, the Company was committed to €0 million for short-term leases (2019: €0 million).
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As at 31 December 2020, the Company was committed to €16 million for low-value assets leases (2019: €3 million).
Cash outflow for leases
The total cash outflow for leases amounted to €12 million (2019: €8 million).
The Company’s liquidity risk is set out in Note 24 with regards to its lease liabilities.
26 Cash flow statement supplementary information
 
1 January
2020
Financing cash flows
Non-cash movements
Operating
cash flows
31 December
2020
€ millions
Proceeds
Transaction
costs
(Re)payments
Equity
component of
convertible bond
Additions
of leases
Arising on
acquisitions
Interest
expense
Other
changes
Interest
repayment
Convertible bond
229
300
(6)
(51)
19
(8)
483
Lease liability
27
(12)
12
64
2
(6)
87
Revolving credit facility
15
134
(493)
344
Total
271
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
570
Reconciliation of liabilities arising from financing activities
 
1 January
2019
Financing cash flows
Non-cash movements
Operating
cash flows
31 December
2019
€ millions
Proceeds
Transaction
costs
(Re)payments
Equity
component of
convertible bond
Additions
of leases
Arising on
acquisitions
Interest
expense
Other
changes
Interest
repayment
Convertible bond
250
(6)
(23)
11
(3)
229
Lease liability
15
(8)
9
9
1
1
27
Revolving credit facility
15
15
Bridge facility
150
(150)
Total
165
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
271
 
1 January
2018
Financing cash flows
Non-cash movements
Operating
cash flows
31 December
2018
€ millions
Proceeds
Transaction
costs
(Re)payments
Equity
component of
convertible bond
Additions
of leases
Arising on
acquisitions
Interest
expense
Other
changes
Interest
repayment
Bridge facility
150
0
(0)
150
Total
150
0
(0)
150
The cash flows from convertible bonds, revolving credit facilities and bridge facility make up the net amount of proceeds from borrowings and repayments of borrowings in the cash flow statement.
Other changes of lease liabilities include lease disposals, lease modifications and foreign exchange movements.
27 Related party transactions
A related party is a person or entity that is related to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group. These include both people and entities that have, or are subject to, the influence or control of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group (for example key management personnel). Transactions with related parties are accounted for in accordance with the requirements of relevant IFRS standards and take into account the substance as well as the legal form. Related party transactions were made on terms equivalent to those that prevail in arm’s length transactions are made only if such terms can be substantiated.
Balances and transactions within the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, which are related parties of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group, have been eliminated on consolidation and are not disclosed in this Note. Details of transactions between the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group and other related parties are disclosed below.
Trading transactions
During 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group did not enter into material transactions with related parties that are not members of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group (2019: none). No expense has been recognised in the current or prior years for bad or doubtful debts in respect of the amounts owed by related parties.
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Loans to related parties
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group did not enter into new loans with related parties that are not the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group entities (2019: none).
Other transaction with related parties
Funding payments of €55 million were made as at 31 December 2020, compared with nil as at 31 December 2019. Payments of €44 million were made to iFood and €11 million to our joint venture in Mexico. Other than these, there were no significant related party transactions.
Loans from related parties
There are no loans from related parties as at 31 December 2020 (31 December 2019: none).
Transactions with key management personnel of the Company
The members of the Management Board and the Supervisory Board are considered key management personnel as defined in IAS 24.
The remuneration policy for members of the Management Board was developed by the Supervisory Board, approved, adopted and amended by the General Meeting. On 15 May 2020, the day after the General Meeting 2020, the current remuneration policy entered into force.
The total remuneration of the Management Board is as follows:
€'000
Jitse Groen
(CEO)
Brent Wissink
(CFO)
Jörg Gerbig
(COO)
2020
Short-term benefits
984
926
905
2,815
Post-employment benefits
50
50
50
150
Share-based payments(1)
310
278
265
853
Total
1,344
1,254
1,220
3,818
(1)
Subsequent to the issuance of the Company’s statutory consolidated financial statements, the Company determined that the share-based payment amount disclosed in the footnote ‘Remuneration Management Board’ did not include the expense for the period for the LTIP 2018-2020 and LTIP 2019-2022 and therefore did not reconcile with the expense for the period recorded in the statement of profit or loss. As a result, the share-based payment amount in the disclosure has been adjusted, resulting in an increase of €207k, €181k and €168k for Jitse Groen, Brent Wissink and Jörg Gerbig, respectively.
€'000
Jitse Groen
(CEO)
Brent Wissink
(CFO)
Jörg Gerbig
(COO)
2019
Short-term benefits
479
438
404
1,321
Post-employment benefits
50
50
46
146
Share-based payments
191
176
172
539
Total
720
664
622
2,006
€'000
Jitse Groen
(CEO)
Brent Wissink
(CFO)
Jörg Gerbig
(COO)
2018
Short-term benefits
431
378
337
1,146
Post-employment benefits
50
50
40
140
Share-based payments
104
91
84
279
Total
585
519
461
1,565
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The total remuneration of the Supervisory Board is as follows:
€'000
2020
2019
2018
Adriaan Nühn (Chairman)
115
65
65
Corine Vigreux
80
50
50
Ron Teerlink
75
50
50
Gwyn Burr
68
Jambu Palaniappan
53
Johannes Reck
7
38
Sake Bosch
35
Total
398
203
200
No loans, advances or guarantees were granted to members of the Management Board and Supervisory Board in 2020 (2019: none).
28 Off-balance sheet commitments
Lease arrangements
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group applies the short-term lease recognition exemption to its short-term leases (i.e. <1 year). It also applies the lease of low-value assets recognition exemption to leases of bikes that are considered of low value (i.e. below €5,000). Lease payments on short-term leases and leases of low-value assets are recognised as expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Low value and short-term leases (including delivery bikes) can be specified as follows:
€ millions
2020
2019
Not later than one year
2
3
Between one and five years
14
4
More than five years
Closing balance
16
7
Commitments for expenditure
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group has commitments for expenditure as at 31 December 2020 for an amount of €20 million (31 December 2019: €33 million) mainly related to marketing and sponsoring contracts, IT contracts and excluding leasehold improvements, reference is made to Note 14.
As at 31 December 2020, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group had a lease contract for a new Berlin office that has not commenced yet. The property is currently under construction and is expected to be available in July/August 2021. The lease payments amount to €8 million annually, with a duration of 10 years.
29 Contingent liabilities
Group guarantees
The Company has issued declarations of joint and several liabilities for Takeaway.com Group B.V., Takeaway.com Central Core B.V., Takeaway.com European Operations B.V., Takeaway.com Payments B.V. and Takeaway.com Express Netherlands B.V., in accordance with Section 403 of Part 9 of Book 2 of the Dutch Civil Code.
Takeaway.com Group B.V. has declared to be liable vis-à-vis Yourdelivery and Takeaway Express GmbH only in the subsequent fiscal year for any obligations entered into by Yourdelivery and Takeaway Express GmbH until 31 December 2020. Based on section 264 paragraph 3 of the German Commercial Code, Yourdelivery and Takeaway Express GmbH are exempt from certain requirements of the German Commercial Code.
Takeaway.com Payments B.V. has agreed that in case Stichting Derdengelden Takeaway.com has insufficient funds, Takeaway.com Payments B,V, will immediately pay this deficit.
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Legal proceedings
Subject to the matters disclosed below, there are no governmental, legal or arbitration proceedings (including any such proceedings which are pending or threatened of which the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is aware), during a period covering at least the previous 12 months which may have, or have had in the recent past, significant effects on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s financial position or results.
Gig Economy Matters
From time to time, the Company is involved in various other legal proceedings arising from the normal course of business activities, including labour and employment claims, some of which relate to the alleged misclassification of independent contractors.
In July 2018, a courier on the SkipTheDishes network filed a putative class action claim in Manitoba alleging that all couriers providing services on the Skip network in Canada are employees and not independent contractors. The relevant court has not yet determined if the claim will be accepted as a class action and, if so, which couriers would be included in any such class.
An arbitration clause exists within the Skip courier agreement which, if enforceable, could exclude the majority of the class in favour of arbitration, thereby significantly reducing the size of any class action and the related risks. While it is difficult to assess the merits or potential quantum with certainty, the current assessment is that a successful claim against the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is not probable. No provision has currently been recorded. Given the uncertain nature of the relevant events and liabilities, it is not practicable to provide information on the estimate of the financial effect, if any, or timing.
In Italy, Just-Eat Italy S.r.l. (“Just-Eat Italy”) has received orders from the public prosecutor and labour, social security and public insurance inspectors that state that couriers engaged by Just-Eat Italy should be considered ‘workers’, in Italy called co.co.co., instead of independent contractors. On 24 February 2021, Just-Eat Italy has been ordered to pay salaries and apply working conditions in line with applicable laws and regulations for co.co.co. in the logistic sector. On 1 April 2021 Just-Eat Italy received a further order with the calculation of the social security contributions for said couriers, amounting in total to €11 million, including fines for late payment. The related accrual as per 31 December 2020 is included in Other liabilities; refer to Note 23 Trade and other liabilities. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group continues to evaluate its approach towards, and any potential objections to, the orders. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s business plans in Italy include discontinuation of delivery with independent contractors and the roll-out of an employed courier delivery model. In this context, in the first quarter of 2021, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group signed a collective bargaining agreement with the largest unions for the employment of its couriers. Given the uncertain nature of the relevant events and liabilities, it is not practicable to provide further information on the estimate of the financial effect of the remaining exposure or timing.
In Australia, Just Eat Takeaway.com’s subsidiary Menulog Pty. Ltd. (“Menulog”) received a position paper from the Australian Taxation Office (the “ATO”) on 11 September 2019 stating that the couriers engaged by Menulog should be considered employees rather than independent contractors. Menulog has challenged this based on the legislation and recent case law. In April 2021, the ATO provided Menulog with a Draft Decision Paper in which it reiterated its previous decision and stipulates that the guidance should be applied retrospectively. The related accrual as per 31 December 2020 is included in Other liabilities; refer to Note 23 Trade and other liabilities. Menulog continues to evaluate its approach towards, and any potential objections to, the Draft Decision Paper.
EU State Aid
In October 2017, the European Commission (the “EC”) announced it was conducting a state aid investigation into the Group Financing Exemption contained within the UK’s Controlled Foreign Company (“CFC”) legislation. The Group Financing Exemption (contained within Chapter 9 of Part 9A of the Taxation (International and Other Provisions) Act 2010) was introduced in 2013 when the UK CFC rules were revised.
The effect of the UK CFC rules is broadly to levy a UK tax charge on certain types of profit generated by low-taxed non-UK subsidiaries of UK companies. In order to address issues which arise as a result of the fungibility of money within a multinational group—in particular, the need to trace the exact source or history of a group’s finance arrangements and the extent to which they are borne by the UK - the Group Financing Exemption partially (75%) or fully exempted from the UK CFC charge financing income (for example interest
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payments received from loans) received by a non-UK subsidiary from another non-UK group company, even if such income was derived from ‘UK activities’. The EC’s investigation considered whether the application of the Group Financing Exemption in circumstances where income was derived from UK activities was justified and, if not, whether it constituted state aid under EU rules.
On 20 August 2019, the EC published its final decision in the Official Journal following the conclusion of its investigation. The EC found that the exercise required to assess to what extent financing income of a company derives from UK activities is not particularly burdensome or complex. On that basis, the EC held that the Group Financing Exemption granted a selective advantage to certain multinational companies. The EC concluded that the Group Financing Exemption was an aid scheme and amounted to illegal state aid under Article 107 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, to the extent that it exempted financing income derived from UK activities.
Conversely, the EC observed that the Group Financing Exemption was justified when the loans granted by the CFC entity were financed with ‘UK-connected capital’ and there were no UK activities involved in generating non-trading finance profits. This is because the Group Financing Exemption was necessary to avoid a complex and disproportionately burdensome intra-group tracing exercise to assess the exact percentage of profits funded with UK-connected capital.
Following the decision, the EC ordered the UK to recover in full the CFC charge that would have applied if no claim under the Group Financing Exemption had been made, to the extent the profits were attributable to those qualifying loan relationships which involved UK activities.
The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group believes the EC came to the wrong conclusion following its investigation and has applied to the General Court of the European Union (the “GCEU”) to annul the decision. The UK government, along with a number of other affected companies, has submitted similar annulment applications.
Similar to other UK-based international companies, Just Eat may be impacted by the final outcome of this investigation, potentially with previously-exempt finance flows becoming subject to the UK’s CFC legislation and therefore UK tax, in addition to its relevant affiliates being subject to applicable tax legislation in their own tax jurisdictions. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group is continuing to work with its advisers to assess the EC’s decision on its position as guidance is released from Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs (“HMRC”) and other sources. While there is considerable uncertainty with regard to both the annulment process and any corresponding liability assessed by HMRC, the maximum potential cash exposure has been calculated to be £17 million including interest (€19 million including interest), should the EC’s decision be upheld. Just Eat Takeaway.com has appealed the decision on a number of grounds and continues to engage with HMRC on the matter.
We believe the European Commission's decision to be without merit, however in line with IFRS 3, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group assumed a contingent liability of €3 million, in our opening balance sheet for this matter. The UK Government is required to commence collection proceedings and a new law has been substantively enacted as of 31 December 2020 to empower HMRC to do this. However, the new law is a charging mechanism only and not an arbitration on the merits of the on-going litigation. If the state aid decision is annulled, then any amounts paid will be returned to the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group following this final determination.
Due to the newly enacted legislation, HMRC issued a charging notice for €14 million on 1st February 2021 and this was paid on 26 February 2021. This is a collection mechanism only and does not alter the ongoing merits of the case which is subject to on-going litigation.
Civil Litigation
Just Eat Takeaway.com is, from time to time, involved in various other legal proceedings arising from normal course of business activities, including claims from restaurants. Generally, Just Eat Takeaway.com does not believe any of such claims will have significant effects on the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group’s consolidated financial position or results. In Canada and Israel, some restaurants have challenged applicable commission rates. Just Eat Takeaway.com disclaims liability and is defending these claims.
Legal advice indicates that the possibility exists that a liability with a material effect on the statement of financial position, for an amount of EUR 17 million, could arise as a consequence of the case in Israel. Just Eat Takeaway.com is not expecting an exposure on these legal proceedings, considering related reimbursements to be received from third parties.
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With regards to the Canadian claim, given the early stage of the litigation and the uncertain nature of the relevant events and liabilities, it is not practicable to provide information on the estimate of the financial effect, if any, or timing.
30 List of subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates
A list of the Company's subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures as per 31 December 2020, including the name, nature of business, proportion of voting rights held and country of incorporation, is set out below.
Company name
Country of incorporation
Nature of
business
% holding
Subsidiary undertakings
 
 
 
Takeaway.com Group B.V.
The Netherlands
Holding
100
• Takeaway.com Central Core B.V.
The Netherlands
Operating
100
• Hello Hungry EAD
Bulgaria
Holding
100
• HH Delivery BG EOOD
Bulgaria
Operating
100
• BG Menu EOOD
Bulgaria
Operating
100
• HelloHungry Delivery S.R.L.
Romania
Operating
100
• Hello Hungry S.A.
Romania
Operating
100
• Takeaway.com European Operations B.V.
The Netherlands
Operating
100
• Takeaway.com European Operations B.V. Belgium branch
Belgium
Operating
Branch
• Takeaway.com European Operations Austria branch
Austria
Operating
Branch
• Takeaway.com European Operations Portugal branch
Portugal
Operating
Branch
• Takeaway.com European Operations Switzerland branch
Switzerland
Operating
Branch
• Foodarena AG in liquidation
Switzerland
In liquidation
100
• sto2 sp. z.o.o.
Poland
Operating
100
• Takeaway.com Belgium Bvba
Belgium
Dormant
100
• eat.ch GmbH
Switzerland
Operating
100
• Takeaway.com Express Netherlands B.V.
The Netherlands
Operating
100
• Takeaway.com Express Italy S.r.l.
Italy
Operating
100
• Takeaway.com Express France SAS
France
Operating
100
• Takeaway.com Express Denmark ApS
Denmark
Operating
100
• Takeaway.com Express UK Limited
United Kingdom
Operating
100
• Takeaway Express Spain S.L.
Spain
Operating
100
• Takeaway.com Express Poland Sp. z.o.o.
Poland
Operating
100
• Biscuit Holdings Israel Ltd.
Israel
Holding
100
•10bis.co.il Ltd
Israel
Operating
100
• Scoober Tel Aviv Ltd
Israel
Operating
100
• Online Ordering Ltd.
Israel
Dormant
100
• yd.yourdelivery GmbH
Germany
Operating
100
• Takeaway Express GmbH
Germany
Operating
100
• Takeaway.com Payments B.V.
The Netherlands
Operating
100
Checkers Merger Sub I, Inc
USA
Operating
100
Checkers Merger Sub II, Inc
USA
Operating
100
Just Eat Limited
United Kingdom
Holding
100
• Just Eat Holding Limited
United Kingdom
Operating
100
• Just Eat Northern Holdings Limited
United Kingdom
Holding
100
• Just Eat Denmark Holding ApS
Denmark
Holding
100
• Just Eat.dk ApS
Denmark
Operating
100
• Just Eat Host A/S
Denmark
Holding
100
• Just Eat.co.uk Limited
United Kingdom
Operating
100
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Company name
Country of incorporation
Nature of
business
% holding
• Hungryhouse Holdings Limited
United Kingdom
Dormant
100
• hungryhouse GmbH
Germany
In liquidation
100
• Flyt Limited
United Kingdom
Operating
100
• Flyt USA Inc
USA
Operating
100
• Simbambili Ltd
Israel
Operating
100
• Practi Technologies Ltd
United Kingdom
Operating
100
• Just Eat.no AS
Norway
Operating
100
• City Pantry Ltd
United Kingdom
Operating
100
• FBA Invest SAS
France
Holding
80
• Eat On Line SA
France
Operating
80
• Just-Eat Italy S.r.l.
Italy
Operating
100
• Just-Eat.lu SarL
Luxembourg
Dormant
100
• Just-Eat Spain S.L.
Spain
Operating
100
• Canary Delivery Company S.L.
Spain
Dormant
100
• Skipthedishes Restaurant Services Inc.
Canada
Operating
100
• Just-Eat Ireland Limited
Ireland
Operating
100
• Just Eat Central Holdings Limited
United Kingdom
Holding
100
• Eatcity Limited
Ireland
Holding
100
• Just Eat (Acquisitions) Holding Limited
United Kingdom
Holding
100
• Just Eat (Acquisitions) Pty Limited
Australia
Holding
100
• Menulog Group Limited
Australia
Operating
100
• Eat Now Services Pty Limited
Australia
Dormant
100
• Menulog Pty Limited
Australia
Operating
100
• Menulog Limited
New Zealand
Operating
100
Joint ventures
 
 
 
El Cocinero a Cuerda S.L.
Spain
In liquidation
67
Associates
 
 
 
iFood Holdings B.V.
The Netherlands
Holding
33
IF-JE Holdings B.V.
The Netherlands
Holding
33
All subsidiaries have a similar period-end reporting date.
31 Events after the reporting period
A subsequent event is a favourable or unfavourable event, that occurs between the reporting date and the date that the consolidated financial statements are authorised for issue. Events after the reporting date that provide evidence of conditions that existed at the reporting date are adjusted within the consolidated financial statements. Events that are indicative of a condition that arose after the reporting date of a material size or nature are disclosed below.
Issue of convertible bonds
On 2 February 2021 the Company announced the successful placement of €1.1 billion of convertible bonds, consisting of two tranches with aggregate principal amounts of €600 million due August 2025 (Tranche A), upsized from EUR 500 million, and €500 million due February 2028 (Tranche B), convertible into ordinary shares of the Company. The Company intends to use the net proceeds from the issue of the convertible bonds for general corporate purposes as well as to provide the Company with financial flexibility to act on strategic opportunities which may arise.
The convertible bonds will be issued at 101.5% (Tranche A) and at 100% (Tranche B) of their nominal value and redeemed at 100% of their nominal value. The Tranche A convertible bonds will not bear interest and the Tranche B convertible bonds will be issued with an interest rate of 0.625% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrear in equal instalments on 9 February and 9 August of each year, commencing on 9 August 2021, corresponding to an annual gross yield-to-maturity of (0.331)% (Tranche A) and 0.625% (Tranche B). The
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convertible bonds will have a term of four and a half years (Tranche A) and seven years (Tranche B) and a denomination of €100,000 each. The initial conversion price of the convertible bonds will be set at €135.58 (Tranche A) and €144.93 (Tranche B), representing a conversion premium of 45% (Tranche A) and 55% (Tranche B) above the clearing price of an ordinary share. The convertible bonds may be converted into ordinary shares in accordance with the terms and conditions of the convertible bonds.
New office lease agreements
In January 2021, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group entered into a new lease agreement for new office space in Amsterdam, with a commencement date of 1 July 2021. The lease term is for an initial period of 5 years with extension options available. Leasehold improvements will be made prior to moving into the building, some of which will be reimbursed by the landlord under the ‘fit-out contribution' clause. The lease agreement is expected to result in the recognition of a material lease liability and right-of-use asset in the third quarter of 2021.
In addition to the new office in Amsterdam, in January and February 2021 the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group entered into new lease agreements for office space in Madrid and Sydney, with expected commencement dates of 1 April 2021 and 1 July 2021 respectively. The lease terms are for initial periods of 5 years and 10 years respectively. These lease agreements are expected to result in the recognition of material lease liabilities and right-of-use assets in the second and third quarter of 2021.
UK tax rate change
On 3 March 2021, the new tax policy measures were announced at the Budget in the UK, which is a statement made to the House of Commons by the Chancellor of the Exchequer on the nation's finances and the UK Government's proposals for changes to taxation. These new tax policy measures are part of the Finance Bill that is expected to be published on 11 March 2021 and include the proposed legislation to increase the corporate tax rate to 25% for the financial year beginning 1 April 2023.
The increase in corporate tax rate will significantly impact the valuation of the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group's deferred tax positions in the UK, mainly the deferred tax liabilities recognised as part of the Just Eat Acquisition. The estimated increase in the deferred tax liabilities amounts to €110 million based on the 31 December 2020 positions. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group will continue to monitor the tax legislation approval process, the enactment of the tax rate change and the subsequent increase in the deferred tax liabilities.
New sponsorship agreements
In March 2021, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group signed an extensive partnership agreement with UEFA, building on the Company’s UEFA EURO 2020 sponsorship. The Just Eat Takeaway.com Group will support twelve UEFA competitions across women’s, men’s and youth football, including the UEFA Champions League, covering the seasons starting in 2021 and ending in 2024 or 2025 (for the UEFA Women’s League). Under the agreement, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group receives certain promotional, marketing, licensing and other commercial rights in relation to the specified competitions.
New webhosting agreement
In March 2021, the Just Eat Takeaway.com Group entered into a material 3-year web service contract for hosting services.
Amsterdam, 26 April 2021
The Management Board
Jitse Groen
Brent Wissink
Jörg Gerbig
CEO
CFO
COO
 
 
 
The Supervisory Board
Adriaan Nühn
Corinne Vigreux
Ron Teerlink
Gwyn Burr
Jambu Palaniappan
Chair
Vice-Chair
 
 
 
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INDEX TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF JUST EAT AND SUBSIDIARIES
Audited Consolidated Financial Statements of the Just Eat Group as of 31 December 2019 and 2018 and for the years in the two-year period ended 31 December 2019
 
See “Where You Can Find More Information” beginning on page 320 on this proxy statement/prospectus.
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INDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ REPORT
To Members of Just Eat Limited:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of Just Eat Limited and its subsidiaries (the “Company”), which comprise the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the related consolidated income statements, consolidated statements of other comprehensive income, consolidated statements of changes in equity, and consolidated cash flow statements for the years then ended, and the related notes to the consolidated financial statements.
Management’s Responsibility for the Consolidated Financial Statements
Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these consolidated financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRSs”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”); this includes the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of consolidated financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
Auditors’ Responsibility
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free from material misstatement.
An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditor’s judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the Company’s preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements.
We believe that the audit evidence that we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.
Opinion
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Just Eat Limited and its subsidiaries as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the years then ended in accordance with IFRSs as issued by the IASB.
Emphasis of Matter
Uncertain tax positions
As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has appealed the assessment made in January 2018 by the Danish Tax Authority for the financial year 2013 amounting to the DKK equivalent of £126 million, including penalties and interest (which have continued to accrue since then), in relation to the taxation of intellectual property transferred by the Company’s Danish subsidiary to one of the group’s UK companies. The Company has appealed the assessment through the Mutual Agreement Procedure between the tax authorities of the Kingdom of Denmark and the United Kingdom to eliminate any double taxation. Our opinion is not modified with respect to this matter.
Restatement of the 2018 consolidated financial statements
As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the accompanying 2018 consolidated financial statements have been restated to correct an error in an accounting judgment in relation to the Company’s operation in Mexico. Our opinion is not modified with respect to this matter.
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As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has elected to change its accounting policy for the presentation of amounts held by Payment Service Providers and the policy of to use (loss)/profit for the year (rather than operating profit) as the starting point for the presentation of operating cash flows. Our opinion is not modified with respect to this matter.
Adoption of new accounting standard
As discussed in Note 20 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has changed its method of accounting for leases effective 1 January 2019 due to the adoption of IFRS 16 Leases, using the modified retrospective approach. Our opinion is not modified with respect to this matter.
/s/ DELOITTE LLP
October 16, 2020
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Consolidated income statement
Year ended 31 December 2019
 
Notes
2019
£m
2018
(restated1)
£m
Continuing operations
 
 
 
Revenue
3
997.3
781.2
Order fulfilment costs
4
(376.7)
(214.7)
Impairment of goodwill
 
(92.3)
Other operating costs
4
(541.7)
(445.8)
Share of results of associates and joint ventures
14
(99.2)
(13.7)
Other gains and losses
7
(11.5)
0.8
Investment revenue
8
0.6
0.4
Finance costs
8
(9.3)
(3.1)
(Loss)/profit before tax
 
(132.8)
105.1
Taxation
9
(26.4)
(21.8)
(Loss)/profit for the year
 
(159.2)
83.3
Attributable to:
 
 
 
Equity shareholders
 
(159.6)
82.7
Non-controlling interests
 
0.4
0.6
 
 
(159.2)
83.3
Earnings per Ordinary share (pence)
 
 
 
Basic
10
(23.4)
12.1
Diluted
10
(23.4)
12.1
1.
Restated to deconsolidate Mexico, see Note 2.
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Consolidated statement of other comprehensive income
Year ended 31 December 2019
 
2019
£m
2018
(restated1)
£m
(Loss)/profit for the year
(159.2)
83.3
Items that may be reclassified subsequently to the income statement:
 
 
Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations
(20.8)
(17.2)
Other comprehensive loss for the year
(20.8)
(17.2)
Total comprehensive (loss)/income for the year
(180.0)
66.1
Attributable to:
 
 
Equity shareholders
(180.4)
65.5
Non-controlling interests
0.4
0.6
Total comprehensive (loss)/income for the year
(180.0)
66.1
1.
Restated to deconsolidate Mexico, see Note 2.
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Consolidated balance sheet
As at 31 December 2019
 
Notes
31 December
2019
£m
31 December
2018
(restated1)
£m
1 January
2018
(restated1)
£m
Non-current assets
 
 
 
 
Goodwill
11
659.6
749.9
525.3
Other intangible assets
12
152.7
133.4
93.2
Property, plant and equipment
13
28.5
25.5
18.9
Right-of-use lease asset
20
31.9
Investments in associates and joint ventures
14
83.0
78.9
61.2
Other investments
 
1.3
1.0
4.2
Deferred tax assets
9
27.9
28.9
18.1
 
 
984.9
1,017.6
720.9
Current assets
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
116.2
145.8
225.2
Inventories
 
7.1
5.5
2.8
Trade and other receivables
15
73.2
58.1
62.6
Derivative financial instruments
 
0.1
Current tax assets
9
14.3
0.1
0.4
 
 
210.8
209.5
291.1
Total assets
 
1,195.7
1,227.1
1,012.0
Current liabilities
 
 
 
 
Trade and other payables
16
(189.7)
(237.7)
(184.9)
Derivative financial instruments
 
(1.0)
(0.3)
(0.6)
Current tax liabilities
9
(15.3)
(28.8)
(36.4)
Deferred revenue
 
(6.7)
(3.1)
(3.3)
Provisions for liabilities
17
(27.7)
(11.5)
(22.5)
Lease liabilities
20
(7.5)
Borrowings
20
(0.1)
(0.3)
(0.4)
 
 
(248.0)
(281.7)
(248.1)
Net current liabilities
 
(37.2)
(72.2)
43.0
Non-current liabilities
 
 
 
 
Deferred tax liabilities
9
(21.6)
(20.6)
(18.2)
Deferred revenue
 
(2.7)
(3.9)
(0.8)
Provisions for liabilities
17
(4.6)
(20.8)
(20.2)
Lease liabilities
20
(25.2)
Borrowings
20
(259.9)
(102.4)
(0.3)
 
 
(314.0)
(147.7)
(39.5)
Total liabilities
 
(562.0)
(429.4)
(287.6)
Net assets
 
633.7
797.7
724.4
Equity
 
 
 
 
Share capital
21
6.8
6.8
6.8
Share premium
21
564.7
563.4
562.7
Retained earnings
21
17.5
163.5
73.5
Translation reserve
21
47.4
68.2
85.4
Other reserves
21
(4.9)
(6.0)
(5.2)
Equity attributable to shareholders of the Company
 
631.5
795.9
723.2
Non-controlling interests
22
2.2
1.8
1.2
Total equity
 
633.7
797.7
724.4
1.
Restated to deconsolidate Mexico. In addition, the Group’s accounting policy for amounts held by Payment Service Providers was changed in the year, resulting in a reclassification from cash and cash equivalents to trade and other receivables in the prior year. Both items are described in Note 2.
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Consolidated statement of changes in equity
Year ended 31 December 2019
 
Share
capital
£m
Share
premium
account
£m
Retained
earnings
£m
Translation
reserve
£m
Other
reserves
£m
Equity
attributable to
shareholders
of the
Company
£m
Non-
controlling
interest
£m
Total
equity
£m
As at 1 January 2018 (restated1)
6.8
562.7
73.5
85.4
(5.2)
723.2
1.2
724.4
Profit for the year
82.7
82.7
0.6
83.3
Other comprehensive loss
(17.2)
(17.2)
(17.2)
Total comprehensive income for the year
82.7
(17.2)
65.5
0.6
66.1
Share based payment charge
7.3
7.3
7.3
Exercise of share awards
0.7
0.6
(0.8)
0.5
0.5
Tax on share awards
(0.6)
(0.6)
(0.6)
As at 31 December 2018 (restated1)
6.8
563.4
163.5
68.2
(6.0)
795.9
1.8
797.7
Impact of adoption of IFRS16
4.8
4.8
4.8
Tax impact of adoption of IFRS16
(0.8)
(0.8)
(0.8)
As at 1 January 2019, adjusted
6.8
563.4
167.5
68.2
(6.0)
799.9
1.8
801.7
Loss for the year
(159.6)
(159.6)
0.4
(159.2)
Other comprehensive loss
(20.8)
(20.8)
(20.8)
Total comprehensive loss for the year
(159.6)
(20.8)
(180.4)
0.4
(180.0)
Share based payment charge
8.0
8.0
8.0
Exercise of share awards
1.3
1.1
2.4
2.4
Tax on share awards
1.6
1.6
1.6
As at 31 December 2019
6.8
564.7
17.5
47.4
(4.9)
631.5
2.2
633.7
1.
Restated to deconsolidate Mexico, see Note 2.
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Consolidated cash flow statement
Year ended 31 December 2019
 
2019
£m
2018
(restated1)
£m
(Loss)/profit for the year
(159.2)
83.3
Adjustments for:
 
 
Impairment of goodwill
92.3
Impairment of property, plant & equipment
2.0
Amortisation of intangible assets
54.1
36.8
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment
17.1
11.9
Depreciation of right-of-use lease asset
8.6
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets
1.1
1.9
Decrease in provisions
(0.8)
Non-cash share based payment charges, including social security costs
9.8
8.0
Share of results of associates and joint ventures recognised in profit or loss
99.2
13.7
Other gains and losses recognised in profit or loss
11.5
(0.8)
Investment revenue recognised in profit or loss
(0.6)
(0.4)
Finance costs recognised in profit or loss
9.3
3.1
Taxation recognised in profit or loss
26.4
21.8
 
171.6
178.5
Increase in inventories
(1.7)
(2.8)
Increase in receivables
(15.7)
(3.7)
Increase in payables
5.3
36.5
Increase in deferred revenue
2.4
2.7
Net cash generated by operations
161.9
211.2
Interest paid
(5.1)
(1.5)
Facility fees paid
(0.4)
(1.3)
Income taxes paid
(55.6)
(37.5)
Net cash from operating activities
100.8
170.9
Investing activities
 
 
Acquisition of subsidiary businesses
(101.2)
(252.5)
Acquisition of interests in associates
(12.4)
Funding provided to associates and joint ventures
(103.7)
(41.8)
Purchase of intangible assets
(52.3)
(30.8)
Purchase of property, plant and equipment
(23.2)
(19.9)
Cash received on exit of US business
2.8
Cash received on disposal of investments
1.8
Cash paid for investments
(1.3)
Interest received
0.6
0.4
Net cash used in investing activities
(276.5)
(357.0)
Financing activities
 
 
Draw down of borrowings
228.1
185.0
Repayment of borrowings
(71.0)
(80.0)
Capital payments on IFRS16 leases
(5.9)
Proceeds from exercise of options and awards
1.1
Net cash generated from financing activities
151.2
106.1
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
(24.5)
(80.0)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year
145.8
225.2
Effect of changes in foreign exchange rates
(5.1)
0.6
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year
116.2
145.8
1.
Restated to deconsolidate Mexico and change in policy to use (loss)/profit for the year as the starting point for the presentation of operating cash flows. In addition, the Group’s accounting policy for amounts held by Payment Service Providers was changed in the year, resulting in a reclassification from cash and cash equivalents to trade and other receivables in the prior year. Both items are described in Note 2.
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Notes to the consolidated financial statements
Year ended 31 December 2019
1. General information
Just Eat Limited (formerly Just Eat plc) (the “Company”) and subsidiaries controlled by the Company (together, the “Group” or “Just Eat”) operate a leading global marketplace for online food delivery. Just Eat Limited is a private company limited by shares incorporated in the United Kingdom under the Companies Act 2006, as amended and is registered in England and Wales. The Company’s registered address is Fleet Place House, 2 Fleet Place, London EC4M 7RF, United Kingdom. The Company registration number is 06947854.
2. Basis of preparation
This note includes the significant accounting policies that relate to the financial statements as a whole and the impact of new accounting standards. Where an accounting policy is applicable to a specific note to the financial statements, the policy is described within that note. In accordance with accounting standards, where balances are considered to be immaterial to these financial statements, no further disclosures are provided. These include investments, inventories and the detailed information on trade receivables.
The Group has prepared the financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IFRS”). The financial information does not constitute the Company’s statutory financial statements for the years ended 31 December 2019 or 31 December 2018. Statutory financial statements for 2019 or 2018 have been delivered to the United Kingdom Registrar of Companies. The independent auditors have reported on those statutory financial statements: their reports were unqualified, drew attention to the Danish tax assessment by way of an emphasis of matter paragraph and did not contain statements under s498(2) or (3) of the Companies Act 2006.
The financial statements were authorised for issue by the directors of Just Eat Limited (the “Directors”) on 16 October 2020.
Going concern basis
Based on the Group’s cash flow projections, including consideration of the impact of COVID-19, the Just Eat Limited Board of Directors (the “Board”) is satisfied that the Group will be able to operate within the existing financing arrangements in place with the Company’s new parent company for the foreseeable future (details of the Company’s ultimate controlling party is provided in Note 26). For this reason, the Directors adopt the going concern basis in preparing these financial statements.
The Company was acquired on 31 January 2020 and is now a subsidiary of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., which is itself listed in both Amsterdam and London. Although the acquisition took place on 31 January 2020, it was only cleared by the United Kingdom’s Competition and Markets Authority (“CMA”) on 15 April 2020.
Since the granting of formal approval by the CMA, the following changes have taken place in the Group’s financing arrangements:
In April 2020, Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. announced that it had raised €400 million by way of a placing of ordinary shares of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. and €300 million in the form of a convertible bond.
In May 2020, Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. injected €350 million by way of a capital contribution into Just Eat Limited. Following this, the Group’s Revolving Credit Facility (“RCF”) has been fully paid down.
Future funding of the Group is expected to come from Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., rather than the Group’s RCF, which will be extended to include companies in the wider Just Eat Takeaway.com Group in the coming weeks.
Since Just Eat Limited now forms part of the Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. Group, the Company obtained confirmation from Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. that Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. will, and has the ability to, fully support the operating, investing, and financing activities of Just Eat Limited through at least one year and a day beyond the date these financial statements were authorised for issue by the Directors.
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Taking into account the recent capital contribution and continued access to funding from the Company’s parent company, the Directors believe that the Group will have access to sufficient liquidity for their operations for the foreseeable future, and that the Group is well placed to manage its financing and other significant risks satisfactorily. For these reasons, the Board considers it appropriate for the Group to adopt the going concern basis in preparing its financial statements.
Critical judgements in the application of accounting policies
Critical judgements can be made when applying accounting policies that could have a significant impact on the amounts recognised in the consolidated financial statements. The only judgements made in the current year relate to the equity method of accounting adopted in respect of Just Eat’s interest in the Mexican business and revenue recognition as principal versus agent.
Adoption of equity method of accounting for Mexico
The Group consolidates an entity when it has control. Control is achieved when the Group has power over the entity, is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the investee, and has the ability to use its power to affect its returns. For a right to convey power, it must provide the current ability to direct the relevant activities. In assessing whether it has power, the Group considers only substantive rights. Protective rights do not convey power and consequently the holder of those protective rights do not control an entity.
The Group has a 51% direct interest in El Cocinero a Cuerda SL (“ECAC” or “Mexico”), a Mexican online food marketplace business, with IF-JE Holdings B.V. (“IF-NL”) holding the remaining 49%. The Group’s majority shareholdings in ECAC result in the Group having a majority in the composition of the ECAC board of directors, which has the power to direct some, but not all, of the relevant activities.
The Group also holds a 16% indirect interest in ECAC through its 33% direct interest in IF-NL. The Group’s minority shareholdings in IF-NL result in the Group having a minority in the composition of the IF-NL board of directors.
The shareholders’ agreement between Just Eat and IF-NL requires decisions of the ECAC board of directors to be approved by the majority of votes of the appointed directors, except for certain reserved matters which require unanimous consent. Reserved matters include the approval or amendment of the business plan and budget and certain decisions regarding ECAC’s information technology platform. The Directors have concluded that as the matters requiring an affirmative vote of IF-NL appointed board members relate to changes to operating and financing policies that significantly affect ECAC’s return, they are substantive rights that provide IF-NL the ability to jointly control ECAC along with the Group. This is a matter of judgment and previously the directors of Just Eat had concluded these rights were protective in nature and as a result ECAC was treated as a consolidated subsidiary. As a result of this change in judgement, the Group has accounted for its investment in ECAC as a joint venture under the equity accounting method. Details of the restatement of the 2018 financial statements are set out below.
Principal versus agent accounting
Judgement is required in evaluating the presentation of revenue on a gross or net basis based on whether Just Eat controls the service provided to the consumer and is the principal in the transaction or Just Eat arranges for other parties to provide the service to the consumer and is the agent in the transaction. The Directors have concluded that Just Eat is the agent in the contract for supply and purchase of orders is between the Restaurant Partner and the consumer as Just Eat arranges for its restaurant partners (each, a “Restaurant Partner”) to provide the service to the consumer. Fulfilment of the food order always remains the responsibility of, and therefore remains within the control of, the Restaurant Partner, as Just Eat does not pre-purchase or otherwise obtain control of the Restaurant Partner’s goods or service prior to transfer to the consumer. For delivery revenue, Just Eat has concluded that Just Eat controls the delivery service when: (i) Just Eat has the responsibility for identifying and directing the drivers to perform the delivery services thereby controlling the service before it is transferred to the consumer; and (ii) Just Eat is primarily responsible to the Restaurant Partners for delivering the food to the consumers. As part of the evaluation, Just Eat also considered that the terms with the Restaurant Partners provide Just Eat with ultimate discretion in setting the transaction price for the delivery services and the sole ability to decline services for delivery.
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Key sources of estimation uncertainty
At the balance sheet date, key assumptions regarding the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty are made. A significant risk may exist where changes to these assumptions could cause a material adjustment to the carrying value of assets and liabilities within the next 12 months. The potential impairment of goodwill, uncertain tax positions and the deferred consideration of Flyt Limited (formerly named Flypay Limited) (“Flyt”) in 2018 are the only key sources of estimation uncertainty which could realise this risk.
Impairment of goodwill
Determining whether goodwill allocated to individual cash-generating units (“CGUs”) is impaired requires an estimation of the recoverable amount of the asset. Calculating the recoverable amount requires an estimate of the future cash flows expected to arise from the CGU. Due to the potential goodwill impairment of certain CGUs under reasonably possible scenarios, the assessment of goodwill impairment is considered to be a key source of estimation uncertainty.
The key sources of estimation uncertainty in the assessment of goodwill impairment are the assumptions around order growth rates and the reduction in driver costs per order (the primary direct cost per order). Should the actual performance be worse than assumptions made relating to order growth and cost reductions, or if future outlook changes over time, there is a significant risk of a material adjustment to goodwill within the next 12 months. Changes in the competitive or regulatory environment or changes in technology could result in significant changes to order growth and costs per order. For example, a new competitor may enter a market, or labour regulations may change. Such risks are actively monitored and factored into future cash flow estimates when known or anticipated.
Total goodwill as at 31 December 2019 was £659.6 million (2018: £749.9 million), with the total amount recognised in relation to CGUs which could be impaired under reasonably possible scenarios being £255.8 million (2018: £361.8 million), including £157.1 million in respect of the Australia & New Zealand CGU, which was partially impaired in the year. Further details in relation to the goodwill impairment assessment can be seen in Note 11, including the key assumptions applied in the current and prior year and the sensitivity of the carrying value of goodwill to these assumptions.
Subsequent to the year end, the world has experienced the COVID-19 pandemic (see Note 25). The expected impact of the outbreak was considered to be a non-adjusting post balance sheet event at 31 December 2019.
The exit of the United Kingdom from the European Union is not expected to have any impact on the carrying value of goodwill.
Uncertain tax positions
As a result of the geographical spread of Just Eat’s operations and the varied, increasingly complex nature of local and global tax law, there are some transactions for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain during the ordinary course of business. Resolving tax issues can take several years and is not always within Just Eat’s control.
Liabilities in respect of uncertain tax positions are measured based on interpretation of country-specific tax law and assigning probabilities to the possible likely outcomes and range of taxes payable in order to ascertain a weighted average probable liability. In-house tax experts, external tax experts and previous experience are used to help assess the tax risks when determining and recognising such liabilities.
In 2012, Just Eat’s transfer pricing arrangements were updated, in line with the Organisation for Economic Co-operation (the “OECD”) Transfer Pricing Guidelines, to reflect the commercial and economic reality of Just Eat’s headquarters being established in the United Kingdom (“UK”), whereas previously the Group was headquartered in Denmark. An Advanced Pricing Agreement (“APA”) was submitted to the Danish and UK tax authorities to obtain certainty over the position taken. Subsequently, the Danish Tax Authority opened a local transfer pricing audit into the periods covered by the APA and in January 2018 issued a formal notice of assessment from their findings, making a claim that the taxable income for financial year 2013 should be increased in relation to intellectual property income, arising from the transfer of intellectual property by the Group’s Danish subsidiary to one of the Group’s UK companies, equalling an additional tax payment of £126 million, including penalties and interest (which have continued to accrue since then). Just Eat strongly
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disagrees with the claim made by the Danish Tax Authority and has appealed the assessment through the Mutual Agreement Procedure (“MAP”) process between Her Majesty’s Revenue & Customs (“HMRC”) in the UK and the Danish Tax Authority. During the MAP, the two tax authorities enter into discussions with the intention of resolving the transfer pricing dispute. Just Eat’s case was formally accepted into the MAP in April 2018. Under the MAP, the tax authorities have two years to reach a resolution. As a resolution has not been reached, Just Eat is able to refer the case to an independent arbitration panel which will consider the facts and reach its own conclusion. Just Eat expects the outcome to be a full elimination of the potential double taxation. Such an outcome may result in a reallocation of income between the UK and Denmark with different tax rates applying over a different period, with net interest charges.
The tax provision held in relation to the Danish matter is calculated based on probability weighting of a range of possible outcomes, the most extreme of which is the full claim made by the Danish Tax Authority. The key assumptions which are factored into Just Eat’s estimate of the likely outcome are: whether the basis for the claim made by the Danish Tax Authority is valid; the valuation applied to the relevant assets; and the length of time over which royalty relief may be applied, ranging from five years to 25 years. Just Eat has not changed its assumptions regarding this matter in the current year. Due to the size of the full claim, it is possible that a change in Just Eat’s estimate could result in a material adjustment within the next year, should arbitration be concluded and result in an unexpected outcome. Sensitivity analysis shows that changing the probability likelihood of the most probable scenarios by 10–15% increases the provision by £0.8 million. Where the final amounts payable are different to the liabilities recognised in previous years, the required adjustments in respect of prior years will be recorded in the current year income statement.
Just Eat has made significant payments on account to the Danish Tax Authority, which in no way reflect Just Eat’s position or the expected outcome, but as a means of mitigating against interest charges applied on the final agreed tax payment. As at 31 December 2019, the balance sheet includes both an asset and a liability in respect of uncertain tax positions, representing Just Eat’s best estimate of the expected outcome of the MAP between the UK Tax Authority and the Danish Tax Authority, as well as other uncertain tax positions. The aggregate of the assets and liabilities held in respect of uncertain tax positions held at 31 December 2019, excluding payments on account, totalled £21.3 million (2018: £19.9 million).
Flyt deferred consideration
On 22 December 2018, Just Eat acquired 92% of the share capital of Flyt for an initial cash outlay of £21.8 million with an estimated earnout to the founders and previous owners of £20.8 million, payable over three years, with the actual amount contingent upon certain revenue and profit targets being met in that three-year window. As the maximum earnout payable was £39.0 million, there was a significant risk of a material adjustment to consideration payable within the following 12 months. As a result of the business exceeding expectations in 2019, the consideration paid to the former owners increased by £15.5 million. See Note 23 for more information on the acquisition of Flyt.
Significant accounting policies that relate to the financial statements as a whole
a) Accounting convention and prior year restatements
These consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis, except for assets and liabilities acquired as part of a business combination, deferred contingent consideration, provisions, investments, and derivative financial instruments, which have been measured at fair value. The policies have been consistently applied to all years presented, with the exception of the adoption of IFRS16 Leases (“IFRS16”) on 1 January 2019, the treatment of amounts held by third party payment service providers (“Payment Service Providers”), the deconsolidation of Mexico and a change in presentation in the Group’s cash flow statement.
Adoption of IFRS16
The impact of IFRS16 has been disclosed in Note 20.
Prior year restatement: Reclassification of amounts held by Payment Service Providers
Historically, amounts held by Payment Service Providers have been included within cash and cash equivalents. During the year, this policy has been changed to reflect these amounts as trade and other receivables, as it provides more reliable and relevant information of the Group’s financial position.
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The impact of this restatement is included in the tables below.
Prior year restatement: Deconsolidation of Mexico
As noted in the critical judgement section above, the Group holds a material interest in a Mexican business.
Subsequent to the issuance of the Group’s 2018 financial statements, and as part of the Directors’ review of significant accounting judgement in relation to the consolidation of ECAC consequent to the acquisition of the Group by Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., the Directors have determined that the previous judgement relating to the Group’s rights in relation to its ability to direct the relevant activities of the Mexican business in which it holds an interest of IF-NL being protective in nature, rather than substantive in nature, was not appropriate. The Group has reassessed: (i) the relevant activities that significantly affect the returns of ECAC; (ii) the impact of the decisions of the ECAC board of directors requiring an affirmative vote of the IF-NL appointed directors on those activities; and (iii) the factors considered in determining whether those rights were substantive.
As a result, the consolidated income statement, statement of comprehensive income, balance sheet, statement of changes in equity and cash flow statement and related notes have been restated from the amounts previously reported to reflect the Group’s investment in ECAC as a joint venture instead of a controlled entity.
The impact of this restatement is included in the tables below.
Change in presentation in the Group’s cash flow statement
Just Eat uses the indirect method of presentation for operating cash flows. Historically, Just Eat presented its operating cash flows as operating profit adjusted for: (i) the effects of transactions of a non-cash nature; (ii) any deferrals or accruals of past or future operating cash receipts or payments; and (iii) items of income or expense associated with investing or financing cash flows. In 2019, the Group reviewed its policy of using operating profit as the starting point for the presentation and decided to use (loss)/profit for the year as this was considered to be more consistent with the illustrative example in IAS 7 Statement of Cash Flows. Accordingly, the prior year has been restated on a comparable basis.
Impact of prior year restatements
Impact on income statement:
 
2018
as reported
£m
Deconsolidation
of Mexico
£m
2018
as restated
£m
Continuing operations
 
 
 
Revenue
779.5
1.7
781.2
Order fulfilment costs
(216.9)
2.2
(214.7)
Other operating costs
(452.3)
6.5
(445.8)
Share of results of associates and joint ventures
(6.7)
(7.0)
(13.7)
Other gains and losses
0.8
0.8
Investment revenue
0.4
0.4
Finance costs
(3.1)
(3.1)
Profit before tax
101.7
3.4
105.1
Taxation
(21.8)
(21.8)
Profit for the year
79.9
3.4
83.3
Attributable to:
 
 
 
Equity shareholders
82.7
82.7
Non-controlling interests
(2.8)
3.4
0.6
 
79.9
3.4
83.3
Earnings per ordinary share (pence)
 
 
 
Basic
12.1
12.1
Diluted
12.1
12.1
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Impact on balance sheets:
 
31 December
2018
as reported
£m
Deconsolidation
of Mexico
£m
Reclassification
of amounts held
by Payment
Service
Providers
£m
31 December
2018
as restated
£m
Non-current assets
 
 
 
 
Goodwill
770.7
(20.8)
749.9
Other intangible assets
136.9
(3.5)
133.4
Property, plant and equipment
25.9
(0.4)
25.5
Investments in associates and joint ventures
54.6
24.3
78.9
Other investments
1.0
1.0
Deferred tax assets
28.9
28.9
 
1,018.0
(0.4)
1,017.6
Current assets
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
185.9
(3.0)
(37.1)
145.8
Inventories
5.5
5.5
Trade and other receivables
24.2
(3.2)
37.1
58.1
Current tax assets
0.1
0.1
 
215.7
(6.2)
209.5
Total assets
1,233.7
(6.6)
1,227.1
Current liabilities
 
 
 
 
Trade and other payables
(240.1)
2.4
(237.7)
Derivative financial instruments
(0.3)
(0.3)
Current tax liabilities
(28.8)
(28.8)
Deferred revenue
(3.1)
(3.1)
Provisions for liabilities
(11.5)
(11.5)
Borrowings
(0.3)
(0.3)
 
(284.1)
2.4
(281.7)
Net current liabilities
(68.4)
(3.8)
(72.2)
Non-current liabilities
 
 
 
 
Deferred tax liabilities
(20.6)
(20.6)
Deferred revenue
(3.9)
(3.9)
Provisions for liabilities
(20.8)
(20.8)
Borrowings
(102.4)
(102.4)
 
(147.7)
(147.7)
Total liabilities
(431.8)
2.4
(429.4)
Net assets
801.9
(4.2)
797.7
Equity
 
 
 
 
Share capital
6.8
6.8
Share premium
563.4
563.4
Retained earnings
155.9
7.6
163.5
Translation reserve
70.8
(2.6)
68.2
Other reserves
(6.0)
(6.0)
Equity attributable to shareholders of the Company
790.9
5.0
795.9
Non-controlling interests
11.0
(9.2)
1.8
Total equity
801.9
(4.2)
797.7
A breakdown of the trade and other receivables and trade and other payables line items are provided below.
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1 January
2018
as reported
£m
Deconsolidation
of Mexico
£m
Reclassification
of amounts held
by Payment
Service
Providers
£m
1 January
2018
as restated
£m
Non-current assets
 
 
 
 
Goodwill
544.9
(19.6)
525.3
Other intangible assets
94.5
(1.3)
93.2
Property, plant and equipment
19.0
(0.1)
18.9
Investments in associates and joint ventures
41.4
19.8
61.2
Other investments
4.2
4.2
Deferred tax assets
18.1
18.1
 
722.1
(1.2)
720.9
Current assets
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
265.1
(0.9)
(39.0)
225.2
Inventories
2.8
2.8
Trade and other receivables
24.2
(0.6)
39.0
62.6
Derivative financial instruments
0.1
0.1
Current tax assets
0.4
0.4
 
292.6
(1.5)
291.1
Total assets
1,014.7
(2.7)
1,012.0
Current liabilities
 
 
 
 
Trade and other payables
(185.2)
0.3
(184.9)
Derivative financial instruments
(0.6)
(0.6)
Current tax liabilities
(36.4)
(36.4)
Deferred revenue
(3.3)
(3.3)
Provisions for liabilities
(22.6)
0.1
(22.5)
Borrowings
(0.4)
(0.4)
 
(248.5)
0.4
(248.1)
Net current liabilities
44.1
(1.1)
43.0
Non-current liabilities
 
 
 
 
Deferred tax liabilities
(18.2)
(18.2)
Deferred revenue
(0.8)
(0.8)
Provisions for liabilities
(20.2)
(20.2)
Borrowings
(0.3)
(0.3)
 
(39.5)
(39.5)
Total liabilities
(288.0)
0.4
(287.6)
Net assets
726.7
(2.3)
724.4
Equity
 
 
 
 
Share capital
6.8
6.8
Share premium
562.7
562.7
Retained earnings
65.9
7.6
73.5
Translation reserve
88.3
(2.9)
85.4
Other reserves
(5.2)
(5.2)
Equity attributable to shareholders of the Company
718.5
4.7
723.2
Non-controlling interests
8.2
(7.0)
1.2
Total equity
726.7
(2.3)
724.4
A breakdown of the trade and other receivables and trade and other payables line items are provided below.
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Impact on cash flow statement:
 
2018
as reported
£m
Deconsolidation
of Mexico
£m
Reclassification
of amounts held
by Payment
Service
Providers
£m
Reclassification
of cash flow
presentation
£m
2018
as restated
£m
Operating profit/Profit for the year
110.3
10.4
(37.4)
83.3
Adjustments for:
 
 
 
 
 
Amortisation of intangible assets
37.2
(0.4)
36.8
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment
12.0
(0.1)
11.9
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets
1.9
1.9
Decrease in provisions
(0.8)
(0.8)
Non-cash share based payment charges, including social security costs
8.0
8.0
Share of results of associates and joint ventures recognised in profit or loss
13.7
13.7
Other gains and losses recognised in profit or loss
(0.8)
(0.8)
Investment revenue recognised in profit or loss
(0.4)
(0.4)
Finance costs recognised in profit or loss
3.1
3.1
Taxation recognised in profit or loss
21.8
21.8
 
168.6
9.9
178.5
Increase in inventories
(2.8)
(2.8)
Increase in receivables
(8.3)
2.7
1.9
(3.7)
Increase in payables
37.4
(0.9)
36.5
Increase in deferred revenue
2.7
2.7
Net cash generated by operations
197.6
11.7
1.9
211.2
Interest paid
(1.5)
(1.5)
Facility fees paid
(1.3)
(1.3)
Income taxes paid
(37.5)
(37.5)
Net cash from operating activities
157.3
11.7
1.9
170.9
Investing activities
 
 
 
 
 
Acquisition of subsidiary businesses
(252.5)
(252.5)
Acquisition of interests in associates
(12.4)
(12.4)
Funding provided to associates
(30.6)
(11.2)
(41.8)
Purchase of intangible assets
(33.3)
2.5
(30.8)
Purchase of property, plant and equipment
(20.3)
0.4
(19.9)
Interest received
0.4
0.4
Net cash used in investing activities
(348.7)
(8.3)
(357.0)
Financing activities
 
 
 
 
 
Draw down of borrowings
185.0
185.0
Repayment of borrowings
(80.0)
(80.0)
Funding received from NCI
5.4
(5.4)
Proceeds from exercise of options and awards
1.1
1.1
Net cash generated from financing activities
111.5
(5.4)
106.1
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
(79.9)
(2.0)
1.9
(80.0)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year
265.1
(0.9)
(39.0)
225.2
Effect of changes in foreign exchange rates
0.7
(0.1)
0.6
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year
185.9
(3.0)
(37.1)
145.8
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Impact on notes containing financial statement line items:
 
31 December
2018
as reported
£m
Deconsolidation
of Mexico
£m
Reclassification
of amounts held
by Payment
Service
Providers
£m
31 December
2018
as restated
£m
Trade receivables
4.1
(0.1)
4.0
Amounts held by Payment Service Providers
37.1
37.1
Other receivables
6.4
(2.8)
3.6
Prepayments
13.5
(0.3)
13.2
Accrued revenue
0.2
0.2
Current trade and other receivables
24.2
(3.2)
37.1
58.1
 
31 December
2018
as reported
£m
Deconsolidation
of Mexico
£m
31 December
2018
as restated
£m
Trade payables
17.1
(0.1)
17.0
Amounts due to Restaurant Partners
79.7
(0.9)
78.8
Deferred consideration
28.0
28.0
Other payables and accruals
102.1
(4.5)
97.6
Other taxes and social security
13.2
3.1
16.3
Total trade and other payables
240.1
(2.4)
237.7
 
1 January
2018
as reported
£m
Deconsolidation
of Mexico
£m
Reclassification
of amounts held
by Payment
Service
Providers
£m
1 January
2018
as restated
£m
Trade receivables
2.1
(0.1)
2.0
Amounts held by Payment Service Providers
4.4
39.0
43.4
Other receivables
6.0
(0.3)
5.7
Prepayments
11.7
(0.2)
11.5
Accrued revenue
Current trade and other receivables
24.2
(0.6)
39.0
62.6
 
1 January
2018
as reported
£m
Deconsolidation
of Mexico
£m
1 January
2018
as restated
£m
Trade payables
12.6
(0.2)
12.4
Amounts due to Restaurant Partners
51.5
(0.4)
51.1
Deferred consideration
24.6
24.6
Other payables and accruals
80.8
(1.3)
79.5
Other taxes and social security
15.7
1.6
17.3
Total trade and other payables
185.2
(0.3)
184.9
b) Basis of consolidation
These consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries.
Subsidiaries are consolidated from the date on which control is obtained and continue to be consolidated until the date that such control ceases. Control comprises the power to govern the financial and operating policies of an investee, to be exposed to a variable return in that investee and to have the ability to use power to affect the amount of those returns. Where necessary, adjustments are made to the financial statements of subsidiaries to align with the Group’s accounting policies. All intercompany transactions and balances within the Group, including unrealised profits arising from them, are eliminated upon consolidation.
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Non-controlling interests represent the equity in a subsidiary not attributable, directly or indirectly, to the Company and are presented separately within equity in the Consolidated Balance Sheet, separately from equity attributable to shareholders of the Company. Losses within a subsidiary are attributed to the non-controlling interest even if that results in a deficit balance.
c) Foreign currencies
The individual financial statements of each subsidiary are presented in the currency of the primary economic environment in which it operates (“functional currency”). For the purpose of the consolidated financial statements, the results and financial position of each subsidiary are expressed in pound sterling, which is the functional currency of the Company, and also the presentation currency for the consolidated financial statements.
In preparing the financial statements of the individual companies:
Transactions in currencies other than that entity’s functional currency (“foreign currencies”) are recognised at the rates of exchange prevailing on the dates of the transactions.
At each balance sheet date, monetary assets and liabilities that are denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at that date.
Foreign currency-denominated non-monetary items carried at fair value are translated at the rates prevailing at the date when the fair value was determined.
Foreign currency-denominated non-monetary items measured in terms of historical cost are translated at the rates prevailing at the date the historical cost was measured. Non-monetary items are not retranslated.
Exchange differences are recognised in the income statement in the year in which they arise, except for exchange differences on monetary items receivable or payable to a foreign operation where settlement is neither planned nor likely to occur in the foreseeable future (therefore forming part of the net investment in the foreign operation), which are recognised initially in other comprehensive income and reclassified to profit or loss on disposal of the net investment.
For the purpose of presenting consolidated financial statements, the assets and liabilities of Just Eat’s foreign operations are translated at exchange rates prevailing on the balance sheet date. Income and expense items are translated at the average exchange rates for the year. Exchange differences arising are recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity (attributed to non-controlling interests as appropriate).
On the disposal of a foreign operation (i.e., a disposal of Just Eat’s entire interest in a foreign operation), all of the accumulated exchange differences in respect of that operation are reclassified to profit or loss.
Goodwill and intangible assets arising on the acquisition of a foreign entity are treated as assets and liabilities of the foreign entity and translated at the closing rate. Exchange differences arising are recognised in other comprehensive income.
d) Asset impairment
The carrying amounts of tangible and intangible assets (including goodwill) are reviewed for each reporting year, together with any other assets under the scope of IAS36 Impairment of Assets (“IAS36”), IAS28 Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures (“IAS28”), or IFRS9 Financial Instruments (“IFRS9”), in order to assess whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss.
If any indication of impairment exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine if there is any impairment loss. Goodwill is assessed for impairment annually in the first quarter of the year, irrespective of whether there are any indicators of impairment. Where an asset does not generate cash flows that are independent from other assets, the asset is assigned to a CGU.
Recoverable amount is defined as the higher of fair value less costs of disposal (“FVLCD”) and value in use (“VIU”). Estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value. Just Eat’s calculation of discount rates is based on a risk-free rate of interest appropriate to the geographic location of the cash flows related to the asset being tested, which is subsequently adjusted to factor in local market risks and risks specific to Just Eat and the asset itself, unless those risks have already been factored into the expected future cash flows. Discount rates used for internal purposes are post-tax rates; however, for the purpose of impairment testing in accordance with IAS36 a pre-tax rate is calculated based on post-tax analysis.
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If the recoverable amount is estimated to be less than the carrying amount of the asset, the carrying amount is impaired to its recoverable amount. Impairment losses recognised in respect of CGUs are allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the CGU and then to reduce the carrying amount of the other assets in the CGU on a pro rata basis.
An impairment loss in respect of goodwill is not reversed. In respect of other assets, impairment losses recognised in prior years are assessed at each reporting date for indications that the loss has decreased or no longer exists. Where an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortisation, had no impairment loss been recognised in prior years.
Impairment losses and reversals are recognised immediately in the income statement within operating costs.
Impairment assessments for the year ended 31 December 2019 and 31 December 2018 were based on the plans in place for the business at those dates and do not reflect any decisions made by management of the new parent company following the acquisition of the Group.
New and amended standards adopted
IFRS16, IFRIC 23 Uncertainty Over Income Tax Treatments, and various amendments to existing standards were adopted on 1 January 2019. Only IFRS16 has had a material impact on Just Eat’s financial position or performance. Further details of the impact of IFRS16 are provided in Note 20.
New standards and interpretations not yet adopted
Certain new accounting standards and interpretations have been published that are not mandatory for the year ended 31 December 2019 and have not been early adopted.
None of the accounting standards issued but not yet effective are expected to have a significant impact on Just Eat’s annual financial statements.
3. Revenue
Accounting policy
General revenue recognition
Revenue is earned through the contracts held with Restaurant Partners and through the arrangements entered into with consumers via the Group’s ordering platforms. Just Eat’s revenue is derived principally from commission fees paid by Just Eat’s Restaurant Partners for use of Just Eat’s ordering platforms in connecting Restaurant Partners to consumers. Just Eat’s primary performance obligation is to connect Restaurant Partners with consumers to facilitate the ordering and delivery between the Restaurant Partner and the consumer. The contract for supply and purchase of orders is between the consumer and the Restaurant Partner, with Just Eat acting as the commercial agent for the Restaurant Partner. Restaurant Partners either deliver the order themselves or the terms of the contract with the Restaurant Partner require Just Eat to provide delivery services for which Just Eat is entitled to charge a delivery fee to the consumer. Delivery services are either performed by Just Eat or through third party couriers. Just Eat’s arrangement with the consumer requires Just Eat to transmit orders placed through the use of Just Eat’s order channels (Just Eat’s website, related mobile applications and ordering platforms) and provide customer care to the consumers for which Just Eat charges the consumer an administration fee. To a lesser extent, Just Eat also earns revenue on Top Placement fees for promotional placement of Restaurant Partners on Just Eat’s ordering platforms and upfront sign up fees from Restaurant Partners for joining the ordering platforms.
Judgement is required in evaluating the presentation of revenue on a gross or net basis based on whether Just Eat controls the service provided to the consumer and is the principal in the transaction or Just Eat arranges for other parties to provide the service to the consumer and is the agent in the transaction. Just Eat has concluded that it is the agent as Just Eat arranges for Restaurant Partners to provide the service to the consumer. Fulfilment of the food order always remains the responsibility of, and therefore remains within the control of, the Restaurant Partner, as Just Eat does not pre-purchase or otherwise obtain control of the Restaurant Partner’s goods or service prior to transfer to the consumer. For delivery revenue, Just Eat has concluded that it controls the delivery service when: (i) it has the responsibility for identifying and directing the drivers to perform the delivery services
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thereby controlling the service before it is transferred to the consumer; and (ii) it is primarily responsible to the Restaurant Partners for delivering the food to the consumer. As part of Just Eat’s evaluation, it also considered that its terms with the Restaurant Partners provide it with ultimate discretion in setting the transaction price for the delivery services and the sole ability to decline services for delivery.
The majority of Just Eat’s revenue is recognised at the point in time when the transaction is complete, i.e. when the order is delivered to the consumer and it is probable that Just Eat will collect the related consideration, being the point the food is delivered to a consumer. Just Eat typically receives the fees within a short period of time following completion of the transaction. Just Eat processes the entire transaction amount with the consumer using Payment Service Providers, and remits the proceeds collected to the Restaurant Partner after deducting commissions, delivery and administration fees. Although Just Eat processes and collects the entire amount of the transaction with the consumer, commission revenue is recorded on a net basis as Just Eat has concluded that it is acting as an agent. Fees for delivery services charged to the consumer are recognised in revenue with cost incurred in providing the delivery services and processing transactions included in cost of sales.
Revenue is measured net of discounts, VAT and other sales-related taxes.
Discount vouchers are offered to a limited number of consumers to acquire, re-engage, or generally increase consumers’ use of Just Eat’s order channels. Discount vouchers are recognised as a reduction to revenue when the voucher is redeemed by the consumer. As the discount does not establish a contract with the consumer and is in respect of future orders, a liability is not recorded at the point when the discount vouchers are issued. Discount vouchers have an expiry date.
Customer care vouchers are given where there is an unsatisfactory consumer experience. These are recognised as a reduction to revenue when the voucher is awarded as they relate to past orders and therefore a liability is recognised on issuance of the voucher. The liability recognised at the end of each reporting year reflects amounts for customer care vouchers not yet redeemed or credited to a consumer’s account, excluding any which have expired.
Just Eat has no significant financing components in its contracts.
Commission revenue
Commission revenue generated from Restaurant Partners is earned and recognised when a consumer’s order is delivered, being the point at which no remaining transactional obligations remain. As Just Eat has determined it is an agent, gross order value placed by consumers is not recognised as revenue, only the commission to which Just Eat is entitled is recorded as revenue.
Delivery revenue
Delivery revenue is earned when Just Eat is responsible for providing the food delivery. Where Just Eat provides delivery services, all delivery fees are recognised as revenue at the point of order fulfilment to the consumer. This is irrespective of whether the individual making the delivery is Just Eat’s employee, a contractor, or an employee of a third-party service company, as Just Eat maintains primary responsibility for delivery under any of these arrangements. Delivery fees charged to the consumer are recognised as revenue with the cost incurred in providing the delivery services included within cost of sales.
Administration fees
Revenue from administration fees are recognised at the point of order fulfilment.
Top Placement fees
Top Placement fees represent income for promotional placing prioritisation of Restaurant Partners on Just Eat’s ordering platforms. These arrangements cover a specified period of time and the associated revenues are recognised rateably over the priority placement period.
Sign-up fees and other revenue
Restaurants pay one-off fees to join Just Eat’s ordering platforms, which covers the cost of an order confirmation terminal used for communicating orders between consumers and Restaurant Partners via Just Eat’s ordering infrastructure, plus the ongoing costs of supporting the Restaurant Partners.
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Sign-up fees are deferred to the balance sheet and recognised evenly over the expected life of a Restaurant Partner’s relationship with Just Eat. Where a Restaurant Partner has ended its relationship with Just Eat and it is no longer included on the Group’s ordering platforms, any remaining deferred income balances are recognised in revenue at the point there is evidence supporting the end of the relationship.
Restaurant Partners in some countries pay an annual subscription fee. Revenue in respect of subscription fees is recognised rateably over the subscription period, being the period over which the performance obligation is delivered.
Other revenue includes the sale of branded merchandise to Restaurant Partners. Merchandise revenue is recognised when the goods are delivered and control has transferred to the Restaurant Partner. Such revenues are not significant to Just Eat’s results.
Revenue, disaggregated based on the source of cash flow and type of fee as follows:
 
2019
2018 (restated1)
 
£m
%
£m
%
Commission revenue
716.8
72
573.9
74
Delivery revenue
143.0
14
75.3
10
Administration fees
87.8
9
81.8
10
Order-driven revenue
947.6
95
731.0
94
Top-placement fees
48.0
5
42.3
5
Sign-up fees and other revenue
1.7
7.9
1
Ancillary revenue
49.7
5
50.2
6
Total revenue
997.3
100
781.2
100
1.
Restated to deconsolidate Mexico, see Note 2.
4. Order fulfilment and other operating costs
Order fulfilment costs relate primarily to delivery costs and direct costs of placing orders. Other operating costs are all other costs which relate to operating activities.
Other operating costs by category
 
2019
£m
2018
(restated1)
£m
Staff remuneration (see Note 5)
183.7
133.5
Other staff costs
36.4
29.6
Total staff costs
220.1
163.1
Marketing
151.5
143.7
Acquisition related intangible asset amortisation
31.4
23.4
Amortisation of other intangible assets, excluding acquisition related assets
22.7
13.4
Depreciation of property, plant & equipment
17.1
11.9
Impairment of property, plant & equipment
2.0
Depreciation of right-of-use lease asset
8.6
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets
1.1
1.9
M&A transaction costs
23.5
3.0
Acquisition integration costs
0.7
11.8
Target operating model restructuring
1.2
Net foreign exchange losses/(gains)
3.4
(2.5)
Other costs
58.4
76.1
Total other operating costs
541.7
445.8
1.
Restated to deconsolidate Mexico, see Note 2.
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The Group does not perform pure or applied research. Development costs charged to the income statement for the year ended 31 December 2019 were £25.8 million (2018: £20.0 million) and are predominantly staff costs. Capitalised development costs in the year totalled £42.8 million (2018: £27.3 million) and the amortisation charge in respect of capitalised development costs was £55.0 million (2018: £37.2 million).
Staff remuneration includes amounts recognised as an expense for defined contribution plans of £8.3 million (2018: £5.4 million).
5. Staff remuneration
 
2019
£m
2018
(restated1)
£m
Wages and salaries
145.2
107.8
Social security costs
17.8
12.3
Pension costs
8.3
5.4
Share based payment charges (see Note 6)
12.4
8.0
Total staff remuneration
183.7
133.5
1.
Restated to deconsolidate Mexico, see Note 2.
6. Share based payments
Accounting policy
Historically, a number of share based compensation plans have been used. Following a change in control of the Group in 2020, all schemes ended, with eligible employees joining the new parent company’s schemes and any unvested options transferring to the new schemes in full (see Note 25).
Equity-settled share based payments to employees are measured at the fair value of the equity instruments at the grant date. The fair value includes the effect of market based vesting conditions.
The fair value determined at the grant date of the equity-settled share based payments is expensed evenly over the vesting period, based on Just Eat’s estimate of equity instruments that will eventually vest. At each balance sheet date, the estimate of the number of equity instruments expected to vest is revised as a result of the effect of non-market based vesting conditions. The impact of the revision of the original estimates, if any, is recognised in profit or loss such that the cumulative expense reflects the revised estimate, with a corresponding adjustment to reserves.
Summary position
The total expense recorded in relation to the share based, long-term employee incentives was:
 
2019
£m
2018
£m
Share based incentive charge, as recognised in the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity
8.0
7.3
Cash settled share based payment charge
2.6
Employer’s social security costs on the exercise of options
1.8
0.7
Total share based payment charges, including social security costs
12.4
8.0
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The share awards outstanding can be summarised as follows:
 
2019
Number of
share awards
2018
Number of
share awards
Performance Share Plan
4,830,936
4,729,800
Sharesave Plan
664,793
1,027,070
Share Incentive Plan
52,734
90,150
Enterprise Management Incentive Scheme and Company Share Option Plan
482,454
1,277,227
Joint Share Ownership Plan1
534,480
737,238
 
6,565,397
7,861,485
1.
No share options arise; awards are restricted interests in Ordinary shares.
Just Eat plc Performance Share Plan (the “PSP”)
PSP awards were granted to eligible employees meeting criteria determined by the Board to help incentivize sustained performance over the long term and to promote alignment with the shareholders’ interests. Awards under the PSP were granted as nil-cost options that vested to the extent performance conditions were satisfied, predominantly over a timespan of three years.
The vesting of interests granted to employees was subject to the option holder continuing to be an employee. For members of the executive team, 50% of the awards granted had Total Shareholder Return (“TSR”) performance criteria (being a market condition) and 50% were based on earnings per share targets (being a non-market condition). The fair value of interests awarded under the PSP was determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, with the TSR performance criteria being calculated using the stochastic simulation model.
Only employees employed in Canada received cash settlements for their awards under this scheme.
Sharesave Plan
Employees that were determined to be eligible by the Board were offered the option to buy shares in the Company after a timespan of three years, based on a discounted share price set at the start of the award year. Employees taking part in the scheme contributed to a savings pool from their salaries on a monthly basis, the full amount of which was repaid if the options lapse.
This scheme was not cash settled.
Just Eat Share Incentive Plan (the “SIP”)
Under the terms of the SIP, the Board awarded ordinary shares, with a nominal value of £0.01 each in the share capital of the Company (“Ordinary shares”), at no cost to employees whom they deemed were eligible.
The SIP was an equity-settled share option scheme approved by HMRC.
The shares vested after three years from grant. Shares were granted under this scheme on the date of the IPO with a fair value of 260.0 pence and all awards outstanding vested on 8 April 2017.
Due to the insignificance of the scheme, no movement details or supplementary information are provided below.
This scheme was not cash settled.
Just Eat Enterprise Management Incentive Scheme (the “EMI Scheme”)
Under the terms of the EMI Scheme, the Board granted options to employees whom they deemed eligible to purchase shares in the Company.
Options were exercisable at a price equal to the estimated fair value of the Company’s shares on the date of grant. Options vested in stages over a three-year timespan, commencing on a specified date which was typically one year after the date of grant. Options were forfeited if an employee left before the options vested and expired if they remained unexercised ten years after the date of grant.
This scheme was not cash settled.
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Just Eat Company Share Option Plan (the “CSOP”)
Under the terms of the CSOP, the Board granted options to purchase Ordinary shares to eligible employees. The eligible employees to whom options are granted and the terms of such options were determined by the Board. All employees were eligible to participate in the CSOP, including employees of the Company’s subsidiaries, but not all grants were approved by HMRC. The exercise price of options could not be less than the market value of the Company’s shares on the date of grant in order for the scheme to qualify as an approved HMRC scheme.
Options were exercisable at a price equal to the estimated fair value of the Company’s shares on the date of grant. Options vested in stages over a three-year timespan commencing on a specified date which was typically one year after the date of grant. Options were forfeited if an employee left before the options vested and expired if they remained unexercised ten years after the date of grant. Vested options in the CSOP became in April 2014. Options were not transferable.
This scheme was not cash settled.
Just Eat Joint Share Ownership Plan (the “JSOP”)
The JSOP was a share ownership scheme under which the employee and Estera Trust (Jersey) Limited, the EBT Trustee, held a joint interest in Ordinary shares.
Interests under the JSOP took the form of restricted interests in Ordinary shares. An interest permitted a participant to benefit from the increase (if any) in the value of a number of Ordinary shares over specified threshold amounts. In order to acquire an interest, a participant must have entered into a joint share ownership agreement with the EBT Trustee, under which the participant and the EBT Trustee jointly acquired the shares and agreed that when the shares are sold the participant has a right to receive the proportion of the sale proceeds that exceed the threshold amount.
The vesting of interests granted to employees was subject to the option holder continuing to be an employee. Interests vest in stages over a three-year timespan commencing on a specified date, typically one year after the date of grant. The fair value of interests awarded under the JSOP was determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.
This scheme was not cash settled.
Movement in share options in significant schemes
 
Performance
Share Plan
Sharesave Plan
Enterprise
Management
Incentive
Scheme and
Company Share
Option Plan
Joint Share
Ownership Plan1
 
Number of
share
options
Weighted
average
exercise price
(pence)
Number of
share
options
Weighted
average
exercise price
(pence)
Number of
share
options
Weighted
average
exercise price
(pence)
Number of
share
options
Weighted
average
exercise price
(pence)
Outstanding
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As at 1 January 2018
4,010,765
1,046,597
413
1,664,125
37
1,418,013
50
Granted
2,189,868
293,960
156
Forfeited
(951,041)
(128,816)
(663)
Exercised
(519,792)
(184,671)
309
(386,235)
44
(680,775)
As at 31 December 2018
4,729,800
1,027,070
413
1,277,227
35
737,238
30
Granted
2,337,096
Forfeited
(1,278,943)
(77,322)
438
Exercised
(957,017)
(284,955)
299
(794,773)
35
(202,758)
40
As at 31 December 2019
4,830,936
664,793
526
482,454
36
534,480
25
1.
No share options arise; awards are restricted interests in Ordinary shares.
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Supplementary information
 
Performance
Share Plan
Sharesave Plan
Enterprise Management
Incentive Scheme and
Company Share Option Plan
Joint Share
Ownership Plan1
 
Years
Pence
Years
Pence
Years
Pence
Years
Pence
Weighted average remaining life
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As at 31 December 2018
8.5
 
1.4
 
5.7
 
5.0
 
As at 31 December 2019
8.0
1.4
3.8
4.0
Fair value of options granted
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Year ended 31 December 2018
 
572
 
N/A
 
N/A
 
N/A
Year ended 31 December 2019
676
N/A
N/A
N/A
Exercise date weighted average share price
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Year ended 31 December 2018
 
753
 
749
 
749
 
799
Year ended 31 December 2019
738
735
722
766
1.
No share options arise; awards are restricted interests in Ordinary shares.
Assumptions
The following inputs were applied to the open schemes when using the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of options granted:
 
2019
£m
2018
£m
 
PSP awards
PSP awards
Share price
741p
775p
Exercise price
Expected volatility
42.4%
41.1%
Expected life (months)
36 months
36 months
Risk-free rate
5.0%
0.1%
Expected dividend yields
£nil
£nil
The stochastic model applied to the TSR performance criteria element of the PSP was simulated with 100,000 trials.
7. Other gains and losses
Accounting policy
Other gains and losses comprise profits or losses arising on the disposal or deemed disposal of operations, gains and losses on financial assets classified as fair value through profit or loss, gains and losses on derivative financial instruments, and movements in provisions for contingent consideration or obligations to acquire minority interests.
Other gains and losses by category
 
2019
£m
2018
£m
Fair value movement in deferred consideration
(15.5)
(0.4)
Profit on exit of US business
2.9
Profit on disposal of unconsolidated investment
1.2
Foreign exchange movements in provisions
0.5
1.4
Loss on derivative financial instruments
(0.6)
(0.2)
Total other gains and losses
(11.5)
0.8
The Flyt business exceeded expectations in the year and, as a result, the consideration paid to the former owners increased by £15.5 million. During the year Just Eat entered into an agreement to sell certain assets for a consideration of £2.0 million to Grubhub Holdings Inc., which effectively ended all trading in the United States of America.
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8. Investment revenue and finance costs
 
2019
£m
2018
£m
Interest received
0.6
0.4
Total investment revenue
0.6
0.4
Bank interest and facility fees
(4.6)
(3.1)
Unwinding of interest on deferred consideration
(2.8)
Lease interest
(1.9)
Total finance costs
(9.3)
(3.1)
9. Taxation
Accounting policy
The income tax expense comprises both current and deferred tax. Income tax is recognised in the income statement, except to the extent that it relates to items recognised directly in other comprehensive income, in which case the income tax is recognised in other comprehensive income.
Current tax
Current tax is the expected tax payable on the taxable profit for the year, using tax rates prevailing in each respective jurisdiction and any adjustment to tax payable in respect of previous years.
Deferred tax
Deferred tax is recognised using the balance sheet liability method, providing for temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. The amount of deferred tax recognised is based on the expected manner of realisation or settlement of the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities, using tax rates that are expected to apply when the temporary differences reverse, based on rates enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date.
Deferred tax is not recognised for temporary differences arising from the initial recognition of goodwill or from the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of other assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit.
Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for taxable temporary differences arising on investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures, except where Just Eat is able to control the reversal of the temporary difference and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future.
Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for all temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which the assets can be utilised. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related deferred tax benefit will be realised.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when they relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority.
Tax deductions on the exercise of share awards
To the extent that the tax deduction available on the exercise of share awards is equal to, or is less than, the cumulative share based payment charge calculated, current and deferred tax is recognised through the income statement. However, when the tax deduction is greater than the cumulative expense, the incremental current tax deduction and deferred tax recognition are recognised in equity.
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Income tax expense
 
2019
£m
2018
£m
Current tax charge
 
 
Current year
27.8
31.4
Adjustments in respect of prior periods
0.6
(0.2)
 
28.4
31.2
Deferred taxation
 
 
Temporary timing differences
(1.4)
(9.3)
Adjustments in respect of prior periods
(0.6)
(0.1)
 
(2.0)
(9.4)
Total tax charge for the year
26.4
21.8
UK corporation tax was calculated at 19% (2018: 19%) of the taxable profit for the year. The UK government announced, in the summer 2015 budget, a reduction in the standard rate of corporation tax from 20% to 19% effective from 1 April 2017. The Finance Bill 2016 subsequently reduced the main rate of corporation tax to 17%, effective from 1 April 2020, which was subsequently reversed and therefore at the time of signing these financial statements, the substantively enacted tax rate continues to be 19%.
Taxation for territories outside the UK was calculated at the rates prevailing in the respective jurisdictions.
Taxation on items taken directly to equity was a net credit of £0.8 million (2018: charge of £0.6 million), which comprises a credit of £1.6 million relating to current tax and a debit of £0.8 million relating to deferred tax. The tax items taken directly to equity relate to share options and IFRS16 transitional adjustments.
Factors affecting the tax expense for the year
 
2019
£m
2018
(restated1)
£m
(Loss)/profit before tax
(132.8)
105.1
UK rate of 19% (2018: 19%)
(25.2)
20.0
Adjusted for the effects of:
 
 
Non-deductible expenditure
8.5
2.7
Non-taxable income
(0.3)
(1.0)
Share based payments
0.9
0.8
Impairment of goodwill
21.3
Profit on sale of investments
(0.1)
Adjustments in respect of prior periods
(0.3)
Unrecognised deferred tax asset changes
8.7
(1.5)
Overseas tax rates
1.4
(2.1)
Other overseas taxes (including movement in provisions)
1.9
2.7
Research and development
(0.2)
Associates results
9.5
0.5
Total tax charge for the year
26.4
21.8
Effective tax rate
(19.9%)
20.7%
1.
Restated to deconsolidate Mexico, see Note 2.
The effective tax rate (“ETR”) is -19.9% (2018 restated: 20.7%). The negative ETR is largely due to the fact that Just Eat’s share of the losses of associates (which are significantly higher than in prior years) cannot be relieved against profits in other jurisdictions, coupled with significant non-tax-deductible transaction costs incurred in the period.
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As Just Eat operates in multiple countries, its ETR will be impacted by the tax rates applicable in those countries. Just Eat’s future tax charge and ETR are expected to be driven by various factors including: the timing of the recognition of tax losses; changes in the mix of business profits; local or international tax reform (for example any arising from the implementation of the OECD’s base erosion and profit shifting actions and European Union state aid investigations); new challenges by the tax authorities or the resolution of ongoing enquiries raised by tax authorities; and the impact of any acquisitions, disposals or restructurings.
The total tax charge of £26.4 million (2018: £21.8 million) is made up of: a current tax charge of £28.4 million (2018: £31.2 million), primarily consisting of corporate tax arising in the UK, Denmark, France, Ireland, Italy and Switzerland; and a deferred tax credit of £2.0 million (2018: £9.4 million) largely resulting from the net impact of the unwind of deferred tax liabilities arising on acquired intangibles, the derecognition of a proportion of losses in Australia and the utilisation of tax losses in Canada.
As a result of the geographical spread of Just Eat’s operations and the varied, increasingly complex nature of local and global tax law, there are some transactions for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain during the ordinary course of business. Resolving tax issues can take several years and is not always within Just Eat’s control. This is considered to be a key source of estimation uncertainty, with further details provided in Note 2. The provision held in relation to all uncertain tax items totalled £21.3 million at 31 December 2019 (2018: £19.9 million), excluding payments on account.
Deferred tax
 
Losses
(assets)
£m
Share based
payment
(assets)
£m
Short-term
temporary
differences
(assets)
£m
Short-term
temporary
differences
(liabilities)
£m
Acquired
intangibles
(assets)
£m
Acquired
intangibles
(liabilities)
£m
Total
£m
As at 1 January 2018
12.5
4.1
1.4
(0.3)
0.1
(17.9)
(0.1)
Debit to the income statement
2.8
0.2
0.6
5.7
9.3
Credit to equity
(1.2)
(1.2)
Adjustment in respect of prior periods
(0.1)
0.3
(0.1)
0.1
Arising on acquisition
8.3
(8.5)
(0.2)
Foreign exchange movements
(0.1)
0.5
0.4
As at 31 December 2018
23.4
3.1
2.3
(0.4)
0.1
(20.2)
8.3
Reclassification
0.1
(0.1)
(Credit)/debit to the income statement
(6.6)
0.7
3.4
(3.1)
7.0
1.4
Debit/(credit) to equity
0.2
(0.8)
(0.6)
Adjustment in respect of prior periods
0.9
(0.1)
(0.2)
0.6
Arising on acquisition
0.8
(4.2)
(3.4)
Foreign exchange movements
(0.3)
(0.1)
0.1
0.3
As at 31 December 2019
18.2
4.0
5.6
(4.5)
0.1
(17.1)
6.3
Analysed as:
 
2019
£m
2018
£m
Deferred tax liabilities
(21.6)
(20.6)
Deferred tax assets
27.9
28.9
Net deferred tax asset recognised
6.3
8.3
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Deferred tax assets not recognised
Deferred tax assets arising from temporary differences have not been recognised in tax jurisdictions where there is insufficient evidence that the asset will be recovered. The asset would be recognised if sufficient suitable taxable profits were made in the future and the recovery of the asset became probable. The amount of the asset not recognised was:
 
2019
£m
2018
£m
Accelerated capital allowances
0.5
1.3
Short-term timing differences
2.8
0.4
Unrelieved tax losses
28.2
16.6
Total
31.5
18.3
The majority of Just Eat’s tax losses for which no deferred tax has been recognised do not expire. A total of £0.5 million of gross losses (unrecognised deferred tax asset of £0.1 million) expire in less than five years’ time, £36.4 million of gross losses (unrecognised deferred tax asset of £10.9 million) expire in five to ten years’ time and £0.7 million of gross losses (unrecognised deferred tax asset of £0.1 million) expire in more than ten years’ time.
10. Earnings per share
Accounting policy
Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the result for the year attributable to equity shareholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year, excluding unvested share awards.
Diluted earnings per share is calculated by adjusting the weighted average number of shares outstanding to assume conversion of all potentially dilutive shares. Ordinary shares are only treated as dilutive when their conversion would decrease earnings per Ordinary share or increase loss per Ordinary share from continuing operations.
Basic and diluted earnings per share
 
2019
Number of
shares
(‘000)
2018
Number of
shares
(‘000)
Weighted average number of Ordinary shares for basic earnings per share
680,970
678,021
Effect of dilution:
 
 
Share options and awards
5,492
4,389
Weighted average number of Ordinary shares adjusted for the effect of dilution
686,462
682,410
 
2019
Pence
2018
Pence
Earnings per Ordinary share
 
 
Basic
(23.4)
12.1
Diluted
(23.4)
12.1
11. Goodwill
Accounting policy
Goodwill is measured as the excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the fair value of the net assets acquired and is recognised as an intangible asset when control is achieved. Fair value measurements are based on provisional estimates and may be subject to amendment within one year of the acquisition. The fair values associated with material business combinations are valued by external advisers and any amount of consideration which is contingent in nature is evaluated at the end of each reporting period, based on internal forecasts, with any changes in the contingent consideration liability being recognised in profit or loss.
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Goodwill itself does not generate independent cash flows and, therefore, in order to perform required tests for impairment, it is allocated at inception to the specific CGUs or groups of CGUs which are expected to benefit from the acquisition. Goodwill is not amortised but is reviewed for impairment annually, or more frequently when there is an indication that the CGU may be impaired. When an indication of impairment exists, Just Eat reviews the carrying amount and recoverable amount of the GCU. The recoverable amount is the higher of FVLCD and VIU. If the recoverable amount of the CGU is less than the carrying amount of the unit, the impairment loss is allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the CGU and then to the other assets of the CGU pro rata on the basis of the carrying amount of each asset in the CGU. An impairment loss recognised for goodwill is not reversed subsequently.
CGUs are considered to be individual country markets, as the resources and cash flows for each country market are generated independently. CGUs are not aggregated for the purpose of impairment testing.
Projections of cash inflows are based on the number of orders, multiplied by the average order value (“AOV”) and Just Eat’s commission rate. AOV and commission rates are projected to remain consistent, with order growth rates being determined by analysis based on internal information gathered across all of Just Eat’s various markets, which have different stages of maturity. Cash outflow projections comprise fixed overheads, marketing spend and direct costs per order. The key assumptions used in VIU calculations are order growth rates and the reduction in driver costs per order (the primary direct cost per order). The underlying assumptions used in FVLCD should be similar to VIU. However, FVLCD assumptions are based on a likely market participant’s perspective, rather than Just Eat’s internal view. In Just Eat’s industry, individual CGUs are sold between different global market participants with relative frequency as the sector consolidates. Valuations on these transactions are commonly based on multiples of current or expected revenue, taking into consideration local market factors. All of Just Eat’s assumptions are based on the Group’s past experience, taking into account the different stages of maturity of each market, as well as recent results and future expectations relevant to each country, taking into account strategic planning. For example, Just Eat has considerable experience in Denmark, the UK and Canada. Just Eat has dedicated market specialists who analyse the historical trends seen in Just Eat’s data. External sources of information are of limited value in Just Eat’s relatively new, fast-moving markets, but Just Eat’s prior experience and internal analytics of recent performance provide a strong and reliable source of insight. Discount rates are used which reflect current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the particular CGU. Just Eat’s projections are challenged, reviewed and approved in the final impairment review by the Board.
The main drivers for future order growth are marketing expenditure, which helps drive brand awareness and drive consumer traffic to Just Eat’s platforms, and the investment in technology, which ensures the platforms are stable, secure, efficient and scalable. These will both assist in increasing both the relevant overall market as well as the CGU’s market share over the medium to long term. Winning large chains of quick service restaurants is also a key driver for future growth, due to the impact on order volumes and the effect of encouraging new consumers to Just Eat’s platforms.
Just Eat prepares short-term cash flow projections based on the most recent profit projections approved by the Board. The projections presented to the Board cover a period of three years for all CGUs except for Just Eat’s operations in ANZ, which covers a timespan of five years. ANZ has been a market of focus in recent years and as a result, a longer time frame is considered by the Board. Following the short-term period, the delivery service element in all of Just Eat’s country markets is expected to enjoy growth in excess of the anticipated long-term average growth rates for their respective country, with the long-term growth rate from the terminal year being the long-term Consumer Price Index inflation rate. The pure marketplace element of Just Eat’s business (i.e., where no delivery services are provided by Just Eat) is not expected to exceed long-term growth rates for any CGU other than ANZ. Delivery and marketplace in ANZ is currently lacking penetration, therefore marketing spend and discounting are expected to create a level of growth greater than local market inflation. Following the short-term period, Just Eat has applied the above average growth rates for delivery services and pure marketplace in ANZ for five years, with the rate based on previous experience of growth rates (including historical growth rates of all CGUs). After this, a long-term growth rate is applied. In the prior year, Just Eat applied the above average growth rates for two years following the three-year detailed projections to all CGUs except for ANZ and Italy (“IT”). However, given that Just Eat expects strong growth as markets grow to maturity, Just Eat now applies five years of above average growth rates to all markets following Just Eat’s short-term cash flow
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projections. Just Eat believes that the five-year projections of above average growth rates will be more accurate and reliable, given experience and knowledge of Just Eat’s markets.
Carrying value of goodwill
 
2019
£m
2018
(restated1)
£m
As at beginning of the year
749.9
525.3
Impairment
(92.3)
Arising on acquisition
20.9
236.6
Fair value adjustments
(1.6)
Foreign exchange movements
(17.3)
(12.0)
As at end of the year
659.6
749.9
1.
Restated to deconsolidate Mexico, see Note 2.
Goodwill is attributable to the future growth of the acquired businesses, through expansion of the networks of Restaurant Partners and the number of orders per Restaurant Partner, anticipated future operating synergies, and the ability to leverage intellectual property in new markets around the world.
Details of the impairment charge are provided below.
City Pantry Ltd (“City Pantry”), Simbambili Ltd (trading as Practi) (“Practi”) and Canary Flash S.L. (“Canary Flash”) were acquired in 2019, resulting in the provisional recognition of goodwill of £14.1 million (added to the UK CGU), £6.0 million (added to the UK CGU) and £0.8 million (added to the Spain CGU), respectively. During 2018, Hungryhouse Holdings Limited (“Hungryhouse”) and Flyt were acquired, resulting in the recognition of goodwill of £201.0 million and £35.6 million (provisional) respectively. The purchase price allocation for the 2018 acquisition of Flyt was finalised in the second half of 2019, with an adjustment to fair value of £1.6 million recognised. Further details of acquisitions are provided in Note 23.
Goodwill allocated by CGU
Goodwill acquired in a business combination is allocated on acquisition to the CGUs that are expected to benefit from that business combination.
The carrying amount of goodwill has been allocated as follows:
CGU
As at
31 December
2018
(restated2)
£m
Impairment
£m
Arising on
acquisition
£m
Fair value
adjustments
£m
Foreign
exchange
£m
As at
31 December
2019
£m
ANZ
259.7
(92.3)
(10.3)
157.1
UK
240.9
20.1
(1.6)
259.4
Canada (“CA”)
95.6
1.1
96.7
Spain (“ES”)
59.0
0.8
(3.2)
56.6
IT
43.1
(2.3)
40.8
France (“FR”)
44.5
(2.4)
42.1
Other CGUs1
7.1
(0.2)
6.9
Total goodwill
749.9
(92.3)
20.9
(1.6)
(17.3)
659.6
1.
Other CGUs include Denmark, Ireland and Switzerland. The individual amount of goodwill assigned to these CGUs is not considered significant in comparison with the carrying value of goodwill.
2.
Restated to deconsolidate Mexico, see Note 2.
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CGU
As at
31 December
2017
(restated3)
£m
Transfers2
£m
Arising on
acquisition
£m
Fair value
adjustments
£m
Foreign
exchange
£m
As at
31 December
2018
(restated3)
£m
ANZ
271.2
(11.5)
259.7
UK
4.3
236.6
240.9
CA
91.8
6.1
(2.3)
95.6
ES
58.3
0.7
59.0
IT
42.6
0.5
43.1
FR
44.0
0.5
44.5
Other CGUs1
17.4
(10.4)
0.1
7.1
Total goodwill
525.3
236.6
(12.0)
749.9
1.
Other CGUs include Denmark, Ireland and Switzerland. The individual amount of goodwill assigned to these CGUs is not considered significant in comparison with the carrying value of goodwill.
2.
During 2018 Just Eat integrated the operations of SkipTheDishes (as defined below) and Just Eat Canada and as a result these two CGUs were combined, leading to the transfer of £6.1 million into the SkipTheDishes CGU and its renaming to “Canada.” As a result of the acquisition of Hungryhouse, the UK CGU has been separately disclosed and the existing goodwill balance of £4.3 million attributable to this CGU has been moved from the “Other CGUs” category where it was previously disclosed.
3.
Restated to deconsolidate Mexico, see Note 2.
Impairment review
Each CGU has specific commercial risks and opportunities, with different expected growth rates in the short and medium-term and a different mix of revenue between marketplace and delivery. However, each CGU operates a similar business model and therefore the variables used in the key assumptions on which Just Eat has based its cash flow projections are the same in nature for all CGUs. For the year ended 31 December 2019, the recoverable amount was determined by measuring VIU for all CGUs except for ANZ, which was based on FVLCD as this was higher than VIU. In 2018, the recoverable amount for all CGUs was calculated based on FVLCD. The key assumptions to which the recoverable amount of each CGU are most sensitive are order growth rates and, for delivery orders, the reduction in driver costs per order. In accordance with IFRS13 Fair Value Measurement, when assessing FVLCD, Just Eat considers multiple valuation methodologies. Just Eat weights the indications of value from an Income Approach which factors in the expected future cash flows of the business (consistent with VIU) and from a Market Approach based on revenue multiples indicated by recent industry transactions. The expected future cash flows represent Level 3 (unobservable) inputs, while Market Approach is based on Level 2 (observable) inputs as these data are publicly available. Just Eat believes that the costs of disposal associated with selling these CGUs reflect a low proportion of the deal value due to Just Eat’s in-house expertise and experience of selling non-strategic businesses.
Impairment testing for 2019 was based on the position as at 31 December 2019 but was actually performed in April 2020 and finalised in May 2020. This is later than would normally occur, due to the impact of the proposed merger and potential hostile takeover which took place in 2019. Normally, impairment testing takes place in Q1 based on Just Eat’s expected future performance as at the year end. For the current impairment review, the projections used were approved by the Board in June 2020. While the FY20 budget and projections beyond 2020 were formally approved by the Board in 2020, these forecasts were based on work undertaken and decisions made by the Board before 31 December 2019 and therefore reflect in all material respects the facts and circumstances in place at that date in respect of the CGUs for which impairment was recorded.
In 2019, an impairment charge of £92.3 million was recognised in respect of the ANZ CGU.
The impairment of Just Eat’s ANZ CGU was driven by a reduction in Just Eat’s view on the long-term profitability of the business in light of the entry of new competitors into the market. The performance of the ANZ business in 2019 was in line with Just Eat’s expectations and Just Eat remains optimistic about the long-term prospects of the business, but Just Eat’s view on the level of growth in long-term profitability is reflected in the current year impairment charge. The level of competition increased at the end of 2019 with a new market participant and the ending of exclusivity on a large restaurant chain.
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Projected order growth and the reduction in driver costs per order are based on past experience, adjusted for expected market trends, and reflect Just Eat’s plans for each individual country. Order growth projection is built on a cohort basis for the larger markets, using consumer retention rate patterns from previous cohorts and extrapolating the order frequency of these. Cohorts are groupings of consumers, usually determined by the point in time at which they became a consumer, for example, all new user accounts which joined Just Eat’s platform in Q1 2017. For the Group’s smaller markets, order growth projection is based on historical patterns of new consumer versus existing consumer cohort behaviour. Delivery costs per order are modelled based on historical rates, with assumptions overlaid relating to driver efficiencies and delivery frequency changes based on expected order growth patterns.
Order growth rates are driven by a number of different factors, the most significant of which are consumer patterns such as order frequency and consumer retention. Driver costs vary based on the scale and density of delivery zones and local labour costs. Fundamental to the cash flow projections for each CGU are the assumptions that, as observed in mature delivery zones, increasing density and scale drive improvements in profitability.
The key assumptions are:
 
ANZ
UK
CA
ES
IT
FR
Order compound annual order growth rate to terminal year
 
 
 
 
 
 
2018
14.7%
10.9%
25.9%
20.6%
25.4%
23.6%
2019
10.0%
11.3%
12.4%
11.8%
4.8%
8.3%
Driver cost compound annual cost reduction to terminal year
 
 
 
 
 
 
2018
(15.6%)
(14.5%)
(4.7%)
(6.1%)
(6.4%)
(3.4%)
2019
(2.8%)
(6.9%)
(1.0%)
(3.2%)
(6.2%)
(3.4%)
The movement on the prior year comparative includes the impact of moving the projections along one year (with order growth and cost reduction in 2019 being higher than in the terminal year), and extending the period to the terminal year (with growth rates expected to reduce over the period to the terminal year).
An additional key assumption specific to the FVLCD calculations applied to the ANZ CGU was in relation to the premium based on revenue multiples. A premium of 13% was applied to the ANZ CGU.
Other assumptions:
 
ANZ
UK
CA
ES
IT
FR
Post-tax discount rate1
 
 
 
 
 
 
2018
9.6%
9.2%
9.1%
9.5%
10.1%
8.7%
2019
10.0%
10.0%
10.0%
9.9%
11.0%
9.4%
Pre-tax discount rate1
 
 
 
 
 
 
2018
10.7%
10.9%
11.3%
11.1%
11.3%
11.8%
2019
10.9%
11.6%
12.5%
11.3%
13.6%
11.2%
Terminal growth rate2
 
 
 
 
 
 
2018
2.5%
2.0%
2.0%
1.8%
1.6%
1.9%
2019
2.5%
2.0%
2.0%
1.8%
1.5%
1.7%
Number of years forecasted before terminal growth rate applied
 
 
 
 
 
 
2018
8
5
5
5
8
5
2019
10
8
8
8
8
8
1.
Post-tax and pre-tax discount rates have been calculated using the Capital Asset Pricing Model, the inputs of which include a country risk-free rate, equity risk premium, Group size premium and a risk adjustment (beta).
2.
Terminal growth rate is based on long-term inflation rates in the country of operation, taken from the International Monetary Fund website.
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Sensitivity analysis
Just Eat conducted a sensitivity analysis on each CGU’s future cash flows by either reducing future order growth rates or decreasing the reduction in delivery costs.
The sensitivity assumptions applied to the calculations are set out in the table below, and Just Eat has used these to determine the further disclosures provided below. These are considered to be reasonably possible, but not likely.
 
ANZ
UK
CA
ES
IT
FR
Decrease in order compound annual growth rate to terminal year
 
 
 
 
 
 
2018
(0.7%)
(1.1%)
(1.3%)
(1.2%)
(1.3%)
(1.3%)
2019
(1.2%)
(0.9%)
(1.2%)
(1.5%)
(1.4%)
(1.4%)
Increase in driver cost compound annual cost reduction to terminal year
 
 
 
 
 
 
2018
0.5%
0.8%
0.9%
0.9%
0.9%
0.9%
2019
1.8%
2.1%
2.3%
2.2%
2.2%
2.2%
As the ANZ CGU was impaired in 2019, any reduction in the key assumptions leads to an increase in the impairment charge. The impact of the order growth sensitivity set out above would lead to an additional impairment charge of £27.6 million, while changing the driver cost assumption would result in an additional impairment charge of £131.9 million.
Just Eat’s sensitivity analysis demonstrates that it is also reasonably possible that an impairment charge could arise in the ES and FR CGUs. The following table sets out the goodwill attributable to each of these CGUs, the excess of the recoverable amount over the carrying value of each CGU under the base case assumptions set out above (the “headroom”), together with the potential headroom (shown as a positive value) or impairment (shown as negative values) under each of the two sensitised scenarios.
 
ES
£m
FR
£m
Goodwill
56.6
42.1
Headroom under base case assumptions
51.1
16.6
Headroom/(impairment) following the impact of the sensitised decrease in order compound annual growth rate to terminal year
32.7
(2.3)
Impairment following the impact of the sensitised increase in driver cost compound annual cost reduction to terminal year
(60.1)
(44.1)
Under the scenario for a sensitised increase in driver costs, the goodwill balance would be fully impaired, followed by an impairment in other intangible assets.
The following table sets out the change in key assumptions needed to get to the point where recoverable amount equals the carrying value:
 
ES
FR
Breakeven decrease in order compound annual growth rate to terminal year
(4.4%)
(1.2%)
Breakeven increase in driver cost compound annual cost reduction to terminal year
1.2%
0.5%
The majority of Just Eat’s CGUs operate either in country markets which are in the early stages of online food ordering (unlike Just Eat’s UK, Danish and Canadian country markets, which are more mature), or where Just Eat is implementing its new delivery services. Just Eat has seen success in Just Eat’s more mature markets, with significant levels of growth over historical years, and its acquisition of SkipTheDishes Restaurant Services Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively, “SkipTheDishes”) in Canada has experienced significant growth in its delivery services since its founding in 2012. When operating in the early stages of a market or introducing new delivery services, losses are made until sufficient scale and density are achieved. These factors are why Just Eat has seen significant growth in revenue, profits and cash flows in Just Eat’s business, and Just Eat expects to see similar outcomes in the ES and FR CGUs.
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12. Other intangible assets
Accounting policy
Intangible assets are recorded at cost, net of amortisation and any provision for impairment. Amortisation is spread evenly over the assets’ useful economic lives. The cost of intangible assets arising from a business combination or associate is determined at their fair value on the date of initial recognition.
Just Eat has four classes of intangible assets: patents, licences and intellectual property (“IP”), Restaurant Partner contracts, brands, and development costs. Due to the absence of both a contractual arrangement and the absence of any practice of establishing such contracts with consumers, acquired customer/user lists are not classified as a separate intangible asset.
Detail of the policy on asset impairment is provided in Note 2.
Patents, licences and IP
Patents, licences and IP are generally acquired as part of a business combination, and predominantly relate to acquired operating platforms, such as websites and apps. Software licences are also included in this category.
The useful economic life is typically between three and five years, depending on the timespan over which benefits are expected to be realised from the asset.
The initial fair values are established as the estimated costs to replace the acquired platforms.
The weighted average remaining amortisation timespan for this category at 31 December 2019 was 4.1 years (2018: 3.1 years).
Restaurant contracts
Restaurant contracts are generally the primary revenue-generating contractual assets of a business combination and relate to the acquired contractual agreements between the business and the Restaurant Partners.
The useful economic life is determined as the timespan over which the acquired Restaurant Partner contracts are reasonably expected to transfer economic benefits, which is usually between three and ten years.
The initial fair values are established with reference to the present value of their post-tax cash flows projected over their remaining useful lives. The cash flows and discount rates used in the valuations are risk adjusted to the extent deemed necessary to accurately reflect local risks and uncertainties associated with the asset.
The weighted average remaining amortisation timespan for Restaurant Partner contracts at 31 December 2019 was 2.1 years (2018: 3.4 years).
Brands
Brands are acquired as part of a business combination.
The useful economic life is determined as the timespan over which the acquired brand is reasonably expected to generate economic benefits, which is usually between three and ten years.
The initial fair values are established using the relief from royalty valuation method. The cash flows and discount rates used in the relief from royalty valuation model are risk adjusted to the extent deemed necessary to accurately reflect local risks and uncertainties associated with the asset.
The weighted average remaining amortisation timespan for brands at 31 December 2019 was 4.7 years (2018: 5.8 years).
Development costs
Internally developed ordering platform websites, apps and other software are capitalised to the extent that incremental costs can be separately identified, the product component is technically feasible, expenditure can be measured reliably, and sufficient resources are available to complete the project. Where these conditions are not met the amounts are expensed as incurred.
The useful economic life is typically three years from the date the developed asset is available for use.
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The weighted average remaining amortisation timespan for development costs (excluding work in progress) at 31 December 2019 was 2.2 years (2018: 0.3 years).
Carrying value of other intangible assets
 
Patents,
licences
and IP
£m
Restaurant
contracts
£m
Brands
£m
Development
costs
£m
Total
£m
Cost
 
 
 
 
 
As at 1 January 2018 (restated1)
22.8
79.1
22.7
26.9
151.5
Additions
4.8
25.2
30.0
Arising on acquisition
39.4
10.8
50.2
Transfers
5.6
(5.6)
Disposals
(0.6)
(1.3)
(1.9)
Foreign exchange movements
(0.2)
(2.4)
(0.7)
(3.3)
As at 31 December 2018 (restated1)
32.4
116.1
22.0
56.0
226.5
Additions
11.4
40.5
51.9
Arising on acquisition
13.0
7.1
1.1
21.2
Fair value adjustment to acquisition accounting
2.1
2.1
Transfers
10.8
(10.8)
Disposals
(1.9)
(1.9)
Foreign exchange movements
0.7
(2.5)
(0.8)
(0.2)
(2.8)
As at 31 December 2019
70.4
120.7
22.3
83.6
297.0
Amortisation
 
 
 
 
 
As at 1 January 2018 (restated1)
12.0
30.0
12.9
3.6
58.5
Charge for the year
6.0
20.9
2.0
7.9
36.8
Disposals
(0.5)
(0.5)
(1.0)
Foreign exchange movements
(0.2)
(0.7)
(0.3)
(1.2)
As at 31 December 2018 (restated1)
17.3
50.2
14.6
11.0
93.1
Charge for the year
14.6
21.4
2.1
16.0
54.1
Disposals
(1.2)
(1.2)
Foreign exchange movements
0.5
(1.5)
(0.6)
(0.1)
(1.7)
As at 31 December 2019
32.4
70.1
16.1
25.7
144.3
Carrying amount
 
 
 
 
 
As at 31 December 2019
38.0
50.6
6.2
57.9
152.7
As at 31 December 2018 (restated1)
15.1
65.9
7.4
45.0
133.4
1.
Restated to deconsolidate Mexico, see Note 2.
The transfer in the year relates to acquired intangibles incorrectly classified as development costs.
As at 31 December 2019, Just Eat has not entered into any material contractual commitments for the acquisition of intangible assets (2018: none).
13. Property, plant and equipment
Accounting policy
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost, net of depreciation and any provision for impairment. Depreciation is charged on all property, plant and equipment at rates calculated to recognise the cost, less estimated residual value, of each asset evenly over its expected useful life, as follows:
Fixtures and fittings    33% per annum
Equipment       33% to 50% per annum
Leasehold improvements 20% per annum, or the period of the lease if shorter
Detail of the policy on asset impairment is provided in Note 2.
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Carrying value of property, plant and equipment
 
Fixtures and
fittings
£m
Equipment
£m
Leasehold
improvements
£m
Total
£m
Cost
 
 
 
 
As at 1 January 2018 (restated1)
6.2
20.2
9.8
36.2
Additions
1.2
17.0
1.7
19.9
Disposals
(0.2)
(4.7)
(0.2)
(5.1)
Foreign exchange movements
0.1
0.1
As at 31 December 2018 (restated1)
7.3
32.5
11.3
51.1
Additions
0.5
20.4
2.3
23.2
Disposals
(1.2)
(4.1)
(1.1)
(6.4)
Foreign exchange movements
(0.2)
(1.0)
(1.2)
As at 31 December 2019
6.4
47.8
12.5
66.7
Accumulated depreciation
 
 
 
 
As at 1 January 2018 (restated1)
4.3
10.0
3.0
17.3
Charge for the year
1.2
8.6
2.1
11.9
Disposals
(0.1)
(3.6)
(0.2)
(3.9)
Foreign exchange movements
0.1
0.2
0.3
As at 31 December 2018 (restated1)
5.5
15.0
5.1
25.6
Charge for the year
1.1
13.4
2.6
17.1
Disposals
(1.2)
(3.6)
(1.2)
(6.0)
Impairment
2.0
2.0
Foreign exchange movements
(0.1)
(0.4)
(0.5)
As at 31 December 2019
5.3
26.4
6.5
38.2
Carrying amount
 
 
 
 
As at 31 December 2019
1.1
21.4
6.0
28.5
As at 31 December 2018 (restated1)
1.8
17.5
6.2
25.5
1.
Restated to deconsolidate Mexico, see Note 2.
Equipment includes internet-connected devices provided to Restaurant Partners which enable them to receive orders and provide order tracking to consumers (“Order Pads”) located on Restaurant Partner premises with a net book value of £19.5 million (2018: £14.0 million). During the year an impairment charge of £2.0 million was booked in respect of faulty Order Pads. A warranty claim was ongoing at the year end.
As at 31 December 2019, Just Eat has not entered into any material contractual commitments for the acquisition of property, plant and equipment (2018: none).
14. Investments in associates and joint ventures
Accounting policy
An associate is an entity over which Just Eat has significant influence. Significant influence is where Just Eat has the power to participate in the financial and operating policy decisions of the investee, but does not control or have joint control over those decisions. The considerations made in determining significant influence are similar to those necessary to determine control over subsidiaries.
The results, assets and liabilities of associates are incorporated in these financial statements using the equity method of accounting. The investment in an associate is initially recognised at cost. At the acquisition date, any excess of the cost of acquisition over Just Eat’s share of the net fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities of the associate is recognised as goodwill. Goodwill is included within the carrying amount of the investment. Under the equity method, the carrying amount of the investment is adjusted to recognise changes in Just Eat’s share of net assets subsequent to acquisition.
The consolidated income statement reflects Just Eat’s share of the results of operations of the associate. Any change in other comprehensive income of those investees is presented as part of consolidated other
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comprehensive income. In addition, when there has been a change recognised directly in the equity of the associate, Just Eat’s share of any changes is recognised, when applicable, in the consolidated statement of changes in equity. Profits and losses resulting from transactions between Just Eat and its associates are eliminated to the extent of Just Eat’s interest in the associate.
A joint venture is an entity where Just Eat shares control with another party. Accounting for joint ventures is consistent with that of associates as set out above.
Detail of the policy on asset impairment is provided in Note 2.
Just Eat has investments in two associates, iFood Holdings B.V. (“iFood”) and IF-JE Holdings B.V. (“IF-NL”). Both associates are 33% owned, with the remaining 67% owned by Movile Internet Movel S.A. (“Movile”), or parties connected to Movile. Both entities are accounted for using the equity method in these financial statements as Just Eat is considered to have significant influence through representation on the companies’ board of directors and through the voting rights given by share ownership. Only iFood is considered to be material. No dividends have been received from associates in 2018 or 2019.
iFood operates a marketplace for online food delivery. iFood is incorporated in the Netherlands and has its principal place of business in Brazil, an area of significant growth potential and complementary to Just Eat’s strategic objectives.
IF-NL is a holding company with its principal place of residence in the Netherlands. The primary investment of IF-NL is El Cocinero a Cuerda SL (“ECAC”), a Mexican online food marketplace business. IF-NL owns 49% of ECAC and the remaining 51% is owned directly by Just Eat.
Joint control of ECAC is held by Just Eat and Movile and ECAC is Just Eat’s only joint venture. Determining control of ECAC is considered to be an area of significant judgement, further details are provided in Note 2.
 
2019
2018 (restated3)
 
iFood
£m
IF-NL
£m
ECAC
£m
Total
£m
iFood
£m
IF-NL
£m
ECAC
£m
Total
£m
100% of the results of the business
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue
200.6
(3.8)
196.8
123.8
(1.7)
122.1
Loss after tax
(174.7)
(7.8)
(33.5)
(216.0)
(19.5)
(0.1)
(10.1)
(29.7)
Our share of the results of the business
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Losses after tax1,2
(58.2)
(2.6)
(22.6)
(83.4)
(6.7)
(7.0)
(13.7)
Total comprehensive loss1,2
(58.2)
(2.6)
(22.6)
(83.4)
(6.7)
(7.0)
(13.7)
Impairment of investment in associates and joint ventures
(15.8)
(15.8)
Share of results of associates and joint ventures
(58.2)
(2.6)
(38.4)
(99.2)
(6.7)
(7.0)
(13.7)
100% of the net assets of the business
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-current assets
39.9
4.9
5.4
50.2
32.1
12.5
3.0
47.6
Current assets
183.6
5.2
188.8
83.9
6.2
90.1
Non-current liabilities
(9.4)
(0.3)
(9.7)
(1.6)
(1.6)
Current liabilities
(125.4)
(1.8)
(5.5)
(132.7)
(82.7)
(2.0)
(2.4)
(87.1)
Net assets and total equity
88.7
3.1
4.8
96.6
31.7
10.5
6.8
49.0
Group share of interest in associated undertaking’s net assets
29.6
1.0
3.2
33.8
10.6
3.5
4.6
18.7
Goodwill on acquisition of interest in associate or joint venture
45.6
3.6
49.2
40.5
19.7
60.2
Carrying value of interest in associated undertaking
75.2
1.0
6.8
83.0
51.1
3.5
24.3
78.9
1.
Just Eat’s share of losses after tax and total comprehensive loss includes amortisation of acquired intangibles recognised by Just Eat, but not by iFood.
2.
The loss after tax and total comprehensive loss were entirely derived from continuing activities.
3.
Restated to include Mexico. See Note 2.
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Supplementary information regarding material associated undertakings is provided below:
 
iFood
ECAC
 
2019
£m
2018
£m
2019
£m
2018
£m
Cash and cash equivalents
47.4
15.2
4.5
2.9
Other current financial assets
136.2
68.7
0.7
3.3
Current financial liabilities
(125.4)
(82.7)
(5.5)
(2.4)
Non-current financial liabilities
(9.4)
(1.6)
(0.3)
Depreciation and amortisation
(9.4)
(2.4)
(1.2)
(0.2)
Income tax expense
(2.6)
(0.8)
In 2019 Just Eat recorded an impairment charge of £15.8 million in respect of the Group’s investment in it’s Mexican joint venture. While the overall Mexican online take away market is expected to continue to grow significantly, it is an extremely competitive market with a number of market participants requiring a significant amount of expenditure to gain a market leadership position. During 2019, Just Eat revaluated its funding strategy, which provided objective evidence that the net investment was impaired. The recoverable amount of the net investment was determined based on the FVLCD and was determined based on a multiple of revenue of entities deemed similar to ECAC which is a Level 3 input. Subsequent to the completion of the Group’s impairment assessment of its interest in ECAC as at 31 December 2019, Just Eat has concluded that there are further indicators of impairment considering the competitive market and as a result it is probable that the carrying value of the Group’s interest amounting to £6.8 million will be impaired.
15. Trade and other receivables
Accounting policy
Trade and other receivables are initially recognised at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.
Detail of the policy on asset impairment is provided in Note 2.
Trade receivables are shown net of an allowance for bad or doubtful debts of £0.6 million (2018: £1.5 million). No provision for doubtful debts was deemed necessary for any other receivables in the current or prior year. The average age of amounts held by Payment Service Providers is three days (2018: three days).
 
2019
£m
2018
(restated1)
£m
Trade receivables
9.1
4.0
Amounts held by Payment Service Providers
41.8
37.1
Other receivables
4.6
3.6
Prepayments
16.9
13.2
Accrued revenue
0.8
0.2
Current trade and other receivables
73.2
58.1
1.
Restated to deconsolidate Mexico. In addition, the Group’s accounting policy for amounts held by Payment Service Providers was changed in the year, resulting in a reclassification from cash and cash equivalents to trade and other receivables in the prior year. Both items are described in Note 2.
16. Trade and other payables
Accounting policy
Trade and other payables are initially measured at fair value, net of transaction cost, and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.
Just Eat has financial risk management policies in place to ensure that all payables are paid within the pre-agreed credit terms. The Directors consider that the carrying amount of trade payables approximates to their fair value.
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For most suppliers, no interest is charged on the trade payables for at least the first 30 days from the date of the invoice. Amounts owed to Restaurant Partners are typically settled on a weekly basis.
 
2019
£m
2018
(restated1)
£m
Trade payables
14.0
17.0
Amounts due to Restaurant Partners
56.7
78.8
Deferred consideration
28.0
Other payables and accruals
95.5
97.6
Other taxes and social security
23.5
16.3
Total trade and other payables
189.7
237.7
1.
Restated to deconsolidate Mexico, see Note 2.
Deferred consideration as at 31 December 2018 consisted of £20.1 million due to the vendors of SkipTheDishes and £7.9 million due to the vendor of the increased stake in iFood. Amounts due to vendors which are contingent on future performance are included in provisions.
The average period for which amounts were due to Restaurant Partners was two days (2018: seven days).
17. Provisions for liabilities
Accounting policy
Provisions are recognised when Just Eat has an obligation to make a cash outflow as a result of a past event. They are distinct from liabilities recorded within trade and other payables in that either the value or timing of the outflow is uncertain. Provisions are measured at the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the obligation at the balance sheet date when settlement is considered to be probable. Where a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the obligation, the carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows. The unwinding of any discount is recognised in the income statement within other gains and losses, together with any charges or credits made to acquisition-related provisions subsequent to the acquisition accounting.
 
Contingent
consideration
£m
Other
provisions
£m
Total
£m
At 1 January 2018 (restated1)
29.9
12.8
42.7
Arising on acquisition
20.8
0.2
21.0
Charged to the income statement
0.3
0.3
Released to the income statement
(0.6)
(1.4)
(2.0)
Utilised in the year
(0.5)
(0.5)
Transferred to trade and other payables
(28.0)
(28.0)
Unwinding of discount
0.2
0.2
Foreign exchange movements
(1.6)
0.2
(1.4)
As at 31 December 2018 (restated1)
20.7
11.6
32.3
Arising on acquisition
14.8
14.8
Charged to the income statement
15.5
0.9
16.4
Released to the income statement
(0.1)
(0.1)
Utilised in the year
(35.2)
(35.2)
Transferred from trade and other payables
1.8
1.8
Unwinding of discount
2.8
2.8
Foreign exchange movements
(0.5)
(0.5)
As at 31 December 2019
18.6
13.7
32.3
1.
Restated to deconsolidate Mexico, see Note 2.
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2019
£m
2018
(restated1)
£m
Current
27.7
11.5
Non-current
4.6
20.8
Total provisions for liabilities
32.3
32.3
1.
Restated to deconsolidate Mexico, see Note 2.
The provision for contingent consideration as at 31 December 2018 related to the acquisition of Flyt in 2018, which was expected to be utilised in December 2021, but since all the performance targets were met it was paid out in December 2019. Contingent consideration as at 31 December 2019 relates to Practi and City Pantry, which was expected to be utilised through to April 2022. Of the total amount held as non-current as at 31 December 2019, £4.5 million related to contingent consideration due to be paid subsequent to 31 December 2020. However, as a result of the change in control of the Group these amounts were settled in 2020.
As at 31 December 2019, other provisions included £9.3 million (2018: £9.8 million) in respect of Just Eat’s commitment to buy out the minority shareholder of FBA Invest SaS and associated legal costs. The amount payable is dependent on the results of the French businesses for 2016 and 2017. As the requirement to pay the obligation has passed, the amount is treated as current. The timing of when the matter will be settled is uncertain and is dependent on agreement between all parties of the amount to be paid, but is unlikely to be paid within three years of the balance sheet date. The remaining provisions included within other provisions are insignificant in size and nature.
18. Contingent liabilities
Possible gig economy class action
In July 2018, a courier on the SkipTheDishes network filed a statement of claim in Manitoba alleging that all couriers providing services on the SkipTheDishes network in Canada are employees and not independent contractors. The relevant court has not yet determined if the claim will be accepted as a class action and, if so, which couriers would be included in any such class.
An arbitration clause exists within Just Eat’s courier agreement which, if enforceable, could exclude the majority of the class in favour of arbitration, thereby significantly reducing the size of any class action and the related risks.
Whilst it is difficult to assess the merits or potential quantum with certainty, Just Eat’s current assessment based on advice from external legal counsel is that a successful claim against Just Eat is not probable, therefore Just Eat has not provided for the midpoint from the estimated range. Were the claim to be successful, the range of outcomes is wide, estimated to be between £nil and £80 million. The upper end of the range is considered to be highly unlikely.
EU state aid
In October 2017, the European Commission (the “EC”) announced it was conducting a state aid investigation into the Group Financing Exemption contained within the UK’s Controlled Foreign Company (“CFC”) legislation. The Group Financing Exemption (contained within Chapter 9 of Part 9A TIOPA 2010) was introduced in 2013 when the UK CFC rules were revised. On 20 August 2019, the EC published its final decision following the conclusion of its investigation in the Official Journal. The final decision confirmed the EC believed the Financing Exemption did constitute illegal state aid if certain criteria were met (specifically to the extent the financing income was derived from UK activities). Just Eat believes the European Commission came to the wrong conclusion following its investigation and has applied to the Court of Justice of the European Union (“CJEU”) to annul the decision. The UK government, along with a number of other affected companies, has submitted similar annulment applications.
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Similar to other UK based international companies, Just Eat may be impacted by the final outcome of this investigation. Just Eat is continuing to work with its advisers to assess the EC’s decision on its position as guidance is released from HMRC and other sources. Whilst there is considerable uncertainty with regards to both the annulment process and any corresponding liability assessed by HMRC, the maximum potential cash exposure has been calculated to be £15.7 million, plus £0.9 million interest, should the EC’s decision be upheld.
On 17 December 2019, Just Eat received a discovery assessment from HMRC in relation to state aid, covering the period to 31 December 2015, for £2.1 million. The assessment assumed full attribution of finance profits to the UK for a specific financing structure. Just Eat has appealed this assessment on a number of grounds and will be engaging with HMRC in due course. On the basis that Just Eat believes that it is more likely than not that the EC’s decision will be annulled by the CJEU, nothing has been recognised on the balance sheet in relation to this assessment.
19. Financial instruments
Accounting policy
Financial instruments comprise financial assets and financial liabilities. The fair values and carrying values held at amortised cost are set out in the table below. Unless otherwise stated, the valuation basis is level 2, comprising financial instruments where fair value is determined from inputs other than observable quoted prices for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. There were no transfers between fair value measurement categories in the current or prior year. The only derivative financial instruments entered into are forward foreign exchange contracts.
Recognition and de-recognition of financial assets and liabilities
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised when Just Eat becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.
A financial asset or liability is only derecognised when the contractual right that gives rise to it is settled, sold, cancelled or expires.
Fair value measurement
Certain financial instruments are measured at fair value at each balance sheet date.
The carrying amounts of financial assets and financial liabilities recorded at amortised cost in the financial statements approximate their fair values.
All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:
Level 1:Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2:Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable.
Level 3:Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable.
For assets and liabilities that are recognised at fair value on a recurring basis, it is determined whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorisation (based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting year.
For the purpose of fair value disclosures, Just Eat has determined classes of assets and liabilities on the basis of the nature, characteristics and risks of the asset or liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy as explained above.
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents in the balance sheet comprise cash at bank and in hand and short-term deposits, excluding amounts being processed by Payment Service Providers and including cash received from consumers
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through Just Eat’s platform which will be subsequently remitted to Restaurant Partners (which are not restricted in their use).
Derivative financial instruments
Derivative financial instruments are held at fair value, with revaluation gains or losses taken to the income statement within “other gains and losses”.
Hedge accounting
No hedge accounting has been applied in 2018 or 2019.
Carrying value of financial instruments
 
2019
£m
2018
(restated5)
£m
Financial assets
 
 
Current portion
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents1
116.2
145.8
Trade and other receivables (excluding prepayments)
55.5
44.7
Non-current portion
 
 
Equity instruments carried at fair value through other comprehensive income3
1.3
1.0
 
173.0
191.5
Financial liabilities
 
 
Current portion
 
 
Trade and other payables (excluding other taxes and social security)
(166.2)
(221.4)
Provisions for liabilities (excluding social security)4
(26.0)
(10.5)
Borrowings
(0.1)
(0.3)
Derivative financial instruments2
(1.0)
(0.3)
Non-current portion
 
 
Provisions for liabilities (excluding social security)4
(4.6)
(20.8)
Borrowings
(259.9)
(102.4)
 
(457.8)
(355.7)
1.
Cash and cash equivalents are held on a short-term basis, with all having a maturity of three months or less.
2.
These represent foreign exchange forward contracts which are measured using quoted forward exchange rates that match the maturity of the contracts.
3.
Equity instruments carried at fair value through other comprehensive income are financial assets which are measured at fair value using level 3 measurements.
4.
Provisions for liabilities include contingent consideration of £18.6 million (2018: £20.8 million). Fair value of the consideration is valued using level 3 measurement techniques, which are the present value of the expected cash outflows of the obligation using the discounted cash flow method. A weighted average discount rate of 6.0% (range of 5.4-6.2%) was determined using a Capital Asset Pricing Model for the current year acquisitions. If the discount rate was 1% higher/lower while all other variables were held constant, the carrying amount would decrease/increase by £0.1 million. It has been assumed that these businesses will perform in-line with current business plans. See Note 17 for more detail on contingent consideration provisions. Changes in fair value are recognised through other gains and losses in the income statement. Provisions for liabilities include amounts relating to social security of £1.7 million (2018: £1.0 million), with a charge of £0.7 million arising in the year.
5.
Restated to deconsolidate Mexico. In addition, the Group’s accounting policy for amounts held by Payment Service Providers was changed in the year, resulting in a reclassification from cash and cash equivalents to trade and other receivables in the prior year. Both items are described in Note 2.
Capital risk management
Just Eat’s objectives when managing capital are to ensure that entities in the Group will be able to continue as a going concern, optimising liquidity and operating flexibility, while seeking to minimise its cost of capital. Just Eat’s capital structure consists of cash and cash equivalents, the RCF, lease arrangements and equity attributable
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to shareholders of the Company, comprising issued capital, reserves and retained earnings as disclosed in Note 21. No changes to Just Eat’s objectives or practices took place in 2018 or 2019 as these objectives were met through the use of the RCF. Further details of the RCF are provided in Note 20.
Just Eat is not subject to any externally imposed capital requirements.
Financial risk management
The main financial risks faced are market risk (which includes currency risk and interest rate risk), credit risk and liquidity risk. Just Eat’s treasury function, which operates under the Treasury Policy approved by the Board, uses certain financial instruments to mitigate potentially adverse effects on financial performance from these risks. These financial instruments consist of bank loans and deposits, spot and forward foreign exchange contracts and foreign exchange swaps. Policy prohibits the use of financial derivatives for speculative purposes.
a) Market risk management
Just Eat’s activities primarily create exposure to the financial risks of changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates.
Foreign currency risk management
Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are undertaken and consequently exposures to exchange rate fluctuations arise.
The carrying amounts of Just Eat’s foreign currency-denominated monetary assets and monetary liabilities were as follows:
 
Assets
Liabilities
Net position
 
2019
£m
2018
£m
2019
£m
2018
£m
2019
£m
2018
£m
Australian dollars
147.2
155.8
(162.6)
(153.9)
(15.4)
1.9
Canadian dollars
12.7
23.9
(37.7)
(50.2)
(25.0)
(26.3)
Danish kroner
67.6
107.9
(59.3)
(86.5)
8.3
21.4
Euros
89.8
108.9
(69.9)
(80.3)
19.9
28.6
Swiss francs
21.2
13.8
(11.0)
(9.0)
10.2
4.8
US dollars
8.8
4.9
(3.8)
(5.4)
5.0
(0.5)
Foreign currency sensitivity analysis
Just Eat is primarily exposed to the US dollar, Australian dollar, Danish krone, euro, Swiss franc and Canadian dollar.
The US dollar exposure arises on the purchase of Order Pads and payment of invoices to US dollar-denominated suppliers, given the Group does not have US dollar revenues. The rest of the exposures relate to surplus cash generated in overseas operations, financing of overseas investments and deferred consideration of overseas acquisitions. Spot and forward foreign exchange contracts with maturities up to one year are used to manage these exposures.
The translation risk on converting overseas currency profits or losses is not hedged and such profits or losses are converted into sterling at average exchange rates throughout the year. Just Eat’s principal translation currency exposures are the euro and the Canadian dollar.
Just Eat’s Treasury Policy is for all currency exposures to first be naturally hedged, then any further transaction exposure hedged up to one year forward, using approved hedging instruments. More complex hedging strategies must be approved by the Group CFO in advance and in line with the policy. The policy stipulates that translation exposure should not be hedged with financial instruments.
The following table details the sensitivity to a 10% depreciation and 10% appreciation in pound sterling against the relevant foreign currencies. 10% is the sensitivity rate used when reporting foreign currency risk internally to senior management and represents an assessment of a reasonably possible change in foreign exchange rates. The sensitivity analysis includes only outstanding foreign currency-denominated monetary items and adjusts their
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translation at the year end for a 10% change in foreign currency rates. The sensitivity analysis includes external loans as well as internal loans to foreign operations.
 
Appreciation in pound sterling
Depreciation in pound sterling
 
Income
statement
2019
£m
Equity
2019
£m
Income
statement
2018
£m
Equity
2018
£m
Income
statement
2019
£m
Equity
2019
£m
Income
statement
2018
£m
Equity
2018
£m
Australian dollar
0.7
0.7
0.7
(0.9)
(0.8)
(0.9)
(0.9)
1.1
Danish krone
(1.4)
0.6
(0.1)
(1.0)
1.7
(0.8)
1.2
1.2
Euro
(0.1)
(1.7)
(2.1)
(1.4)
0.1
2.1
2.6
1.7
Canadian dollar
0.7
1.5
0.6
3.6
(0.9)
(1.9)
(0.7)
(4.4)
Swiss franc
(0.9)
(0.4)
1.1
0.5
US dollar
(0.1)
(0.3)
0.1
0.2
0.4
(0.1)
Just Eat’s sensitivity to fluctuations in foreign currencies is the result of increased activity in the foreign-owned subsidiaries which has led to a significant increase in foreign currency-denominated payables, receivables and intercompany transactions.
Interest rate sensitivity analysis
Just Eat’s interest rate risk arises primarily on cash and loans, all of which are at floating rates of interest and which therefore create exposure to cash flow interest rate risk. These floating rates are linked to LIBOR and other interest rate bases as appropriate to the instrument and currency. Future cash flows arising from these financial instruments depend on the interest periods agreed at the time of rollover. Just Eat’s policy permits the use of interest rate derivatives to manage the risks associated with movements in interest rates but no interest rate hedges were transacted during the year.
The sensitivity analysis has been determined based on the exposure to interest rates at the balance sheet date. For floating rate assets and liabilities, the analysis is prepared assuming the amount of asset/liability outstanding at the balance sheet date was outstanding for the whole year. A 1% increase or decrease in the interest rate is used when reporting interest rate risk internally to senior management and represents an assessment of the reasonably possible change in interest rates.
If interest rates had been 1% higher/lower and all other variables were held constant, there would be no significant impact on the profit before taxation or equity in the current or prior year.
b) Credit risk management
Credit risk refers to the risk that a counterparty will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial loss. Just Eat’s exposure and the credit ratings of major counterparties is continuously monitored.
Trade receivables consist of amounts receivable from a large number of Restaurant Partners, spread across geographical areas. Ongoing credit evaluation is performed on the financial condition of accounts receivable and credit guarantee insurance cover is purchased where appropriate. Credit risk is not considered to be a significant risk.
c) Liquidity risk management
Ultimate responsibility for liquidity risk management rests with the Board, which has established an appropriate liquidity risk framework for the management of Just Eat’s short, medium and long-term funding and liquidity management requirements. Liquidity risk is managed by maintaining adequate cash reserves, by continuously monitoring projected and actual cash flows, and by ensuring adequate borrowing facilities are available.
The following table details Just Eat’s remaining contractual maturity profile for financial liabilities and has been prepared based on the undiscounted cash flows of financial liabilities based on the earliest date on which the Group can be required to pay. The table includes both interest and principal cash flows. To the extent that
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interest flows are a floating rate, the undiscounted amount is derived from interest rate curves at the balance sheet date. The contractual maturity is based on the earliest date on which Just Eat may be required to pay.
Expected maturity - financial liabilities
Weighted
average
effective
interest rate
%
Less than
1 year
£m
1-2 years
£m
2-5 years
£m
5+ years
£m
Total
£m
As at 31 December 2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-interest bearing
(193.2)
(4.6)
(197.8)
Variable interest rate instruments
1.5
(0.1)
(259.9)
(260.0)
 
 
(193.3)
(264.5)
(457.8)
As at 31 December 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-interest bearing
(232.5)
(20.8)
(253.3)
Variable interest rate instruments
1.4
(102.4)
(102.4)
 
 
(232.5)
(123.2)
(355.7)
The following table details Just Eat’s remaining contractual maturity profile for its financial assets and has been prepared based on the undiscounted contractual maturities of the financial assets, including interest that will be earned on those assets.
Expected maturity - financial assets
Weighted
average
effective
interest rate
%
Less than
1 month
£m
1 month to
3 months
£m
3 months to
1 year
£m
1-5 years
£m
5+ years
£m
Total
£m
As at 31 December 2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-interest bearing
132.8
132.8
Fixed interest rate instruments
0.5
40.2
40.2
 
 
173.0
173.0
As at 31 December 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-interest bearing
95.9
95.9
Fixed interest rate instruments
0.8
95.6
95.6
 
 
191.5
191.5
Just Eat’s obligations are expected to be met from operating cash flows.
Derivative financial instruments and hedging
During the year, Just Eat entered into forward contracts totalling $65.8 million (2018: $61.2 million), to hedge highly probable forecasted US dollar-denominated operating costs. The mark-to-market value of these derivatives at 31 December 2019 was a liability of £1.0 million (2018: £0.3 million). No hedge accounting was applied in the current or prior year.
20. Financing arrangements and right-of-use lease assets
Accounting policy
IFRS16 was adopted on 1 January 2019 by applying the modified retrospective approach and therefore the comparative information has not been restated and is therefore presented in accordance with IAS17 Leases (“IAS17”).
Under IAS17, rentals payable under operating leases were charged to profit or loss evenly over the term of the relevant lease except where another more systematic basis was more representative of the time pattern in which economic benefits from the lease asset were consumed. Contingent rentals arising under operating leases were recognised as an expense in the period in which they are incurred.
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An arrangement is accounted for as a lease where a contract gives the right to control an asset for longer than 12 months, in exchange for consideration, where substantially all of the economic benefits are obtained from the asset.
Under IFRS16, a lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted at the incremental borrowing rate. For all of the lease arrangements entered into, it was impracticable to calculate the interest rate implicit in the lease.
The right-of-use asset under IFRS16 is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or restore the underlying asset, less any lease incentives received.
Further details surrounding the implementation of IFRS16 are provided below.
Liabilities arising from financing activities
The table below details changes in liabilities arising from financing activities, including both cash and non-cash changes. Liabilities arising from financing activities are those for which cash flows were, or future cash flows will be, classified in the Consolidated Cash Flow Statement as cash flows from financing activities.
 
As at
31 December
(restated1)
2018
£m
Cash flows
£m
Arising on
acquisition
£m
Foreign
exchange
movements
£m
Other non-
cash
movements
£m
As at
31 December
2019
£m
Non-current
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revolving credit facility
(102.4)
(157.5)
(259.9)
Current
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other borrowings
(0.3)
0.4
(0.4)
0.2
(0.1)
Liabilities arising from financing activities
(102.7)
(157.1)
(0.4)
0.2
(260.0)
1.
Restated to deconsolidate Mexico, see Note 2.
 
As at
31 December
2017
(restated1)
£m
Cash flows
£m
Transferred
from trade
and other
receivables
£m
Transferred
to trade
and other
payables
£m
Foreign
exchange
movements
£m
Other non-
cash
movements
£m
As at
31 December
(restated1)
2018
£m
Non-current
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revolving credit facility
(105.0)
2.5
0.1
(102.4)
Other borrowings
(0.3)
0.3
Non-current borrowings
(0.3)
(105.0)
2.5
0.3
0.1
(102.4)
Current
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other borrowings
(0.4)
0.1
(0.3)
Liabilities arising from financing activities
(0.7)
(105.0)
2.5
0.3
0.1
0.1
(102.7)
1.
Restated to deconsolidate Mexico, see Note 2.
Revolving credit facility
At 31 December 2019, Just Eat had access to a committed £350 million RCF, expiring in November 2023. However, on 9 March 2020, the facility was amended and extended. The facility level was increased to £535 million, denominated in two tranches, £267.5 million and €307.6 million, and the term extended to 9 March 2025. The facility also includes an option to increase the facility by a further £200 million, (subject to bank credit committee approval) and an option to extend the facility by two further years (subject to bank credit committee approval). The facility is unsecured and contains common financial covenants. The financial covenants are tested on 30 June and 31 December each year and to date have been complied with at all measurement points.
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Following the merger with Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. there is a mechanism to add obligors from the wider Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. Group to the facility. All approvals from the banks were given at the time of the amendments, subject to KYC and the acceding companies meeting the conditions of the RCF, with only internal Board and Works Council approvals required to finalise.
Subsequent to the year end, Just Eat received a capital injection of €350 million from its parent company, enabling the RCF to be fully paid down.
Lease arrangements
Implementation of IFRS16
Just Eat has applied the modified retrospective basis when adopting the standard, choosing the option to measure initial right-of-use assets as equal to the respective lease liabilities for all leases entered into before 1 January 2019.
Practical expedients taken were as follows:
The Group has a limited number of equipment leases, such as office photocopiers. The leases in this category are highly insignificant, with total annual charges of less than £0.1 million; hence no right-of-use lease asset or lease liability is recognised.
Initial direct costs have been excluded from the measurement of the right-of-use asset at the date of initial application.
The weighted average incremental borrowing rate applied to lease liabilities recognised on implementation was 5.4%.
A reconciliation between the operating lease commitments previously disclosed at 31 December 2018, discounted using the incremental borrowing rate at the date of initial application, and the liability recognised on initial adoption as at 1 January 2019 is set out below.
 
Property
£m
Motor vehicles
£m
Total
£m
Operating lease total commitments under IAS17 as at 31 December 2018 (restated1)
32.4
1.6
34.0
Impact of discounting lease commitment at the relevant incremental borrowing rate
(6.0)
(0.1)
(6.1)
 
26.4
1.5
27.9
Difference between initial lease end dates and expected lease term end
10.0
0.5
10.5
Lease liability at implementation of IFRS16
36.4
2.0
38.4
1.
Restated to deconsolidate Mexico, see Note 2.
The impact of the change for the current year is provided below.
Income statement
Operating costs are broadly consistent, as a result of the lease expense of £9.3 million being replaced by depreciation of £8.6 million and finance costs on leased assets of £1.9 million in 2019.
Balance sheet
The adoption of IFRS16 had the impact of increasing net assets by £4.8 million at the commencement date, as a result of the release of deferred rent-free period credits. This has been taken directly to reserves, as can be seen in the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity.
As at 1 January 2019, a right-of-use asset of £38.8 million was recognised as a non-current asset, along with a lease liability of the same amount, £0.4 million of which is held in trade and other payables, reflecting the provision for property dilapidations.
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Cash flow statement
Lease payments of £7.4 million have been reclassified from operating activities to financing activities. During the year, £1.5 million was received from landlords in respect of historical rent-free periods.
Carrying value of right-of-use assets
 
Property
£m
Motor vehicles
£m
Total
£m
Cost
 
 
 
As at 31 December 2018
Adoption of IFRS16
36.8
2.0
38.8
Additions
1.0
1.0
Arising on acquisition
0.9
0.2
1.1
Disposals
(0.1)
(0.1)
(0.2)
Foreign exchange movements
(0.4)
(0.1)
(0.5)
As at 31 December 2019
37.2
3.0
40.2
Accumulated depreciation
 
 
 
As at 31 December 2018
Charge for the year
7.5
1.1
8.6
Disposals
(0.1)
(0.1)
(0.2)
Foreign exchange movements
(0.1)
(0.1)
As at 31 December 2019
7.3
1.0
8.3
Carrying amount
 
 
 
As at 31 December 2019
29.9
2.0
31.9
As at 31 December 2018
Carrying value of lease liabilities
 
Property
£m
Motor vehicles
£m
Total
£m
Lease liability
 
 
 
As at 31 December 2018
Adoption of IFRS161
36.4
2.0
38.4
Additions
1.0
1.0
Arising on acquisition
0.9
0.2
1.1
Disposals
(0.2)
(0.2)
Cash payments
(8.2)
(1.1)
(9.3)
Interest charges
1.9
1.9
Foreign exchange movements
(0.1)
(0.1)
(0.2)
As at 31 December 2019
30.9
1.8
32.7
1.
On adoption of IFRS16, a provision for future property dilapidation charges of £0.4 million was held in trade and other payables.
 
Property
£m
Motor vehicles
£m
Total
£m
Undiscounted lease liabilities
 
 
 
Less than one year
8.1
1.0
9.1
One to five years
22.3
1.0
23.3
More than five years
5.1
5.1
As at 31 December 2019
35.5
2.0
37.5
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Off balance sheet lease arrangements
Just Eat may enter into leasing arrangements for assets of low value or where the lease term is less than 12 months. These arrangements are insignificant and no further disclosures are required.
21. Capital and reserves
Share capital
Share capital is the number of shares in issue at their nominal value. In the current year, this increased due to the exercise of employee share awards.
Ordinary shares have a nominal value of £0.01 each, are issued, allotted, called up, fully paid and entitle the holders to receive notice, attend, speak and vote at general meetings. Holders of Ordinary shares are entitled to distributions of available profits pro rata to their respective holdings of shares.
 
2019
2018
 
Number of
Ordinary shares
Total
£m
Number of
Ordinary shares
Total
£m
As at beginning of year
681,042,382
6.8
679,954,152
6.8
Arising on the exercise of share awards
2,037,145
1,088,230
As at end of year
683,079,527
6.8
681,042,382
6.8
Share premium
Share premium is the amount received by a company for a share issue which exceeds the nominal value. In the current year, this increased due to the exercise of employee share awards.
Retained earnings
Retained earnings are the net earnings not paid out as dividends, but retained to be reinvested. The Company’s retained earnings reserve as at 31 December 2019 was £24.0 million (2018: £35.8 million.
Dividends payable to the holders of the Company’s Ordinary shares are recognised when they have been appropriately authorised. No dividend has been paid or recommended by the Directors for the year.
See Note 25 for events subsequent to the year end which impact on retained earnings.
Translation reserve
Exchange differences relating to the translation of the net assets, income and expenses of foreign operations, from their functional currency into Just Eat’s reporting currency, being pound sterling, are recognised directly in the translation reserve.
Other reserves
 
Revaluation
reserve
£m
Merger
reserve
£m
Treasury
share
reserve
£m
Cash flow
hedging
reserve
£m
Total
£m
As at 1 January 2018
0.1
1.9
(7.1)
(0.1)
(5.2)
Exercise of share awards
(0.8)
(0.8)
As at 31 December 2018
0.1
1.9
(7.9)
(0.1)
(6.0)
Exercise of share awards
1.1
1.1
Reclassification
(0.1)
0.1
As at 31 December 2019
1.9
(6.8)
(4.9)
Merger reserve
In July 2009 a Group reorganisation was undertaken. Under this reorganisation, Ordinary shares were issued and cancelled and Preference A shares were issued. This was treated as a common control transaction under IFRS as
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the ultimate shareholders and their relative rights were the same before and afterwards. The merger reserve represents the difference between the nominal value of the shares issued and the nominal value of the shares on the Group reorganisation in July 2009.
Treasury shares reserve
The treasury shares reserve arose when equity share capital was issued under the JSOP and the SIP, which are held in Employee Benefit Trusts (“EBTs”). See Note 6 for more information on the JSOP and the SIP.
22. Non-controlling interest
Accounting policy
Non-controlling interest (“NCI”) in the net assets of consolidated subsidiaries is identified separately from the equity therein. NCI consists of the amount of those interests at the date of the original business combination and the non-controlling shareholder’s share of changes in equity since the acquisition date of the combination.
Carrying value of NCI
 
2019
£m
2018
(restated1)
£m
As at beginning of year
1.8
1.2
NCI share of loss after tax
0.4
0.6
As at end of year
2.2
1.8
1.
Restated to deconsolidate Mexico.
Just Eat has one business with a non-controlling interest at 31 December 2019, FBA Invest SaS (“FBAI”). The NCI portion in FBAI was 20% (2018: 20%).
The following tables set out the summary consolidated financial information of FBAI:
 
2019
£m
2018
£m
Income statement
 
 
Revenue
42.6
37.1
Profit after tax
2.5
3.0
NCI share of profit after tax
0.4
0.6
 
2019
£m
2018
£m
Balance sheet
 
 
Cash
20.8
23.0
Other current assets
2.5
2.4
Total current assets
23.3
25.4
Non-current assets
2.6
0.9
Total assets
25.9
26.3
Current liabilities
(15.2)
(17.1)
Total liabilities
(15.2)
(17.1)
Net assets
10.8
9.2
NCI
2.2
1.8
23. Acquisitions
Accounting policy
Business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition method. The consideration for each acquisition is measured at the aggregate of the fair values (at the date of exchange) of assets given, liabilities incurred or
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assumed and equity instruments issued in exchange for control of the acquiree. For each business combination, Just Eat elects whether to measure the non-controlling interests in the acquiree at fair value or at the proportionate share of the acquiree’s identifiable net assets.
Acquisition-related costs are recognised in profit or loss as incurred. Acquisition costs paid on behalf of the vendor are included in the fair value of consideration transferred.
When the consideration for the acquisition includes an asset or liability resulting from a contingent consideration arrangement that is unrelated to future employment, the contingent consideration is measured at its acquisition-date fair value and is included as part of the consideration transferred in the business combination. Changes in the fair value of the contingent consideration that qualify as measurement period adjustments are adjusted retrospectively, with corresponding adjustments against goodwill. Otherwise they are recorded in profit or loss. Where the contingent consideration is dependent on future employment, it is instead recognised as an expense over the relevant timespan in the income statement rather than as part of consideration for the business combination and is recognised within net cash from operating activities in the cash flow statement.
The acquiree’s identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities are generally recognised at their fair value at the acquisition date. If the initial accounting for a business combination is incomplete by the end of the reporting period in which the combination occurs, provisional amounts are reported for the items for which the accounting is incomplete. Those provisional amounts are adjusted during the measurement period (up to 12 months from the date of acquisition). Additional assets or liabilities are recognised to reflect new information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date that, if known, would have affected the amounts recognised as of that date.
When a business combination is achieved in stages, the previously held interests in the acquired entity are remeasured to fair value at the acquisition date (i.e., the date control is obtained) and the resulting gain or loss, if any, is recognised in profit or loss. Amounts arising from interests in the acquiree prior to the acquisition date that have previously been recognised in other comprehensive income are reclassified to profit or loss, where such treatment would be appropriate if that interest were disposed of.
In 2019 Just Eat completed the acquisitions of City Pantry, Practi and Canary Flash, which are held at provisional values. During 2018, Hungryhouse was acquired and the accounting finalised, with Flyt being acquired in 2018 and accounted for on a provisional basis until H2 2019.
Acquisitions in 2019
 
City Pantry
£m
Practi
£m
Canary Flash
£m
Total
£m
Goodwill
14.1
6.0
0.8
20.9
Intangible assets - Restaurant contracts
7.1
7.1
Intangible assets - Brands
1.1
1.1
Intangible assets - Intellectual property
5.3
7.7
13.0
Right-of-use lease asset
0.2
0.9
1.1
Trade and other receivables
1.3
0.2
1.5
Current tax assets
0.4
0.4
Cash
0.2
0.2
Trade and other payables
(2.2)
(0.5)
(2.7)
Lease liabilities
(0.2)
(0.9)
(1.1)
Borrowings
(0.4)
(0.4)
Deferred tax in respect of losses and intangible assets
(1.6)
(1.8)
(3.4)
Total consideration
25.5
11.2
1.0
37.7
Initial cash consideration
15.8
6.1
1.0
22.9
Contingent consideration paid
1.9
1.9
Contingent consideration unpaid
9.7
3.2
12.9
Total consideration
25.5
11.2
1.0
37.7
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City Pantry
£m
Practi
£m
Canary Flash
£m
Total
£m
Net cash outflow arising on acquisition
 
 
 
 
Cash consideration
(15.8)
(8.0)
(1.0)
(24.8)
Cash acquired
0.2
0.2
Net cash outflow
(15.8)
(8.0)
(0.8)
(24.6)
Contribution since control obtained
 
 
 
 
Revenue
1.7
0.5
0.2
2.4
Loss for the year
(4.9)
(4.5)
(9.4)
Had the current-year acquisitions been completed on 1 January 2019, revenue for the Group for 2019 would have been £999.8 million, while the loss for the year would have been £159.3 million, in each case based on the results of operations of the respective businesses. These amounts have not been adjusted for any additional depreciation and amortisation that would have been charged assuming the fair value adjustments had applied from 1 January 2019. Such figures are not intended to represent or be indicative of the Group’s results of operations or financial condition that would have been reported had the acquisitions been completed as of 1 January 2019 and should not be taken as indicative of the Group’s future results of operations or financial condition.
Net cash on acquisition of subsidiary businesses in 2019
 
£m
Deferred consideration payments made in respect of Flyt
(33.3)
Deferred consideration payments made in respect of Hungryhouse
(23.3)
Deferred consideration payments made in respect of SkipTheDishes
(20.0)
Cash payments made in respect of prior year acquisitions
(76.6)
Net cash outflow on current year acquisitions
(24.6)
Net cash on acquisition of subsidiary businesses
(101.2)
Acquisition of City Pantry
In July 2019 Just Eat acquired 100% of the share capital of City Pantry for an initial cash payment of £15.8 million, using existing resources. Deferred consideration is payable to the founders and former employee shareholders over the three years following the acquisition, with a provisional estimate of £9.7 million (discounted) included in the calculation of total consideration. This deferred consideration is based on the expected achievement of all targets, which takes the anticipated payments to the maximum required by the purchase agreement of £10.4 million (undiscounted). City Pantry is Europe’s leading business-to-business catering marketplace, linking caterers and restaurants with corporate consumers providing food for their employees or clients. This acquisition was added to the UK CGU.
Subsequent to the year end, the share capital of the Company was purchased as part of the merger with Takeaway.com N.V., triggering change of control clauses in the purchase agreement which resulted in the payment in full of the deferred consideration in 2020.
Acquisition of Practi
On 5 April 2019, the Group acquired 100% of the share capital of Practi for an initial cash outlay of £6.1 million. Deferred consideration is payable to the founders over up to three years following the acquisition, with a provisional estimate of £5.1 million (discounted, £7.5 million undiscounted) compared to a maximum payment of £8.0 million (undiscounted). This acquisition was added to the UK CGU.
Practi is a holistic, tablet based software as a service (“SaaS”) retail solution for small to medium-sized restaurant chains. This allows the user to control many aspects of running a business through one software package which can be used across multiple devices, allowing for front and back of house (kitchen) connectivity to the system. The SaaS services that Practi provides include: Point of Sale (“POS”); payment handling (including credit card payments); CRM; table management; inventory management; kitchen operations; and employee management. Practi predominantly operates in the UK and Israel.
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Practi’s software will significantly expand the functionality of the technology Just Eat offers to its Restaurant Partners. Practi will play a significant part in transforming the role Just Eat plays within restaurant operations. Through Practi, Just Eat can start to bridge restaurants’ online and offline operations, replace cash tills with an electronic POS system and provide the software tools for Restaurant Partners to optimise their businesses. It will also be an enabler for Restaurant Partner-driven dynamic pricing and promotions.
As for City Pantry, the merger with Takeaway.com N.V. triggered change of control clauses in the purchase agreement, resulting in the deferred consideration being paid up to the maximum amount and in full in 2020.
Acquisitions in 2018
 
Hungryhouse1
£m
Flyt2,3
£m
Total
£m
Goodwill
201.0
35.6
236.6
Intangible assets - Restaurant contracts
39.4
39.4
Intangible assets – Development costs
10.8
10.8
Trade and other receivables
0.1
0.9
1.0
Cash
7.9
7.9
Trade and other payables
(8.5)
(0.4)
(8.9)
Provisions
(0.2)
(0.2)
Deferred tax in respect of losses and intangible assets
(0.2)
(0.1)
(0.3)
Total consideration
239.5
46.8
286.3
Initial cash consideration
216.0
21.8
237.8
Contingent consideration unpaid
23.5
20.8
44.3
Fair value of shareholding at the point control obtained
4.2
4.2
Total consideration
239.5
46.8
286.3
Net cash outflow arising on acquisition
 
 
 
Cash consideration
216.0
21.8
237.8
Cash acquired
(7.9)
(7.9)
Net cash outflow
208.1
21.8
229.9
Contribution since control obtained
 
 
 
Revenue
n/a
n/a
n/a
Loss for the year
n/a
n/a
n/a
1.
Immediately after acquisition, the Hungryhouse consumers and Restaurant Partners were transferred on to the Just Eat UK ordering platform. The Hungryhouse platform ceased operating on 22 May 2018. Because of this, it is not possible to track Hungryhouse’s total contribution to Just Eat’s results since the date of acquisition, as information is only available in respect of orders placed directly through the Hungryhouse platform, which would exclude orders from Hungyhouse consumers that had transferred on to the Just Eat platform.
2.
Due to the limited amount of time since the acquisition of Flyt, on 31 December 2018, the acquisition accounting was provisional as at 31 December 2018. This included the valuation of the acquired intangible assets as some of the inputs to the valuation models are based on estimates.
3.
As the Flyt business was acquired on 22 December 2018, there was no significant contribution to Just Eat’s revenue or profits during the year ended 31 December 2018. Had the acquisition completed on 1 January 2018, revenue for the Group for 2018 would have been £998.5 million, while the loss for the year would have been £163.7 million, in each case based on the results of operations of Flyt. These amounts have not been adjusted for any additional depreciation and amortisation that would have been charged assuming the fair value adjustments had applied from 1 January 2018. Such figures are not intended to represent or be indicative of the Group’s results of operations or financial condition that would have been reported had the acquisition been completed as of 1 January 2018 and should not be taken as indicative of the Group’s future results of operations or financial condition.
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The provisional acquisition accounting applied to Flyt in the year ended 31 December 2018 was updated to the final position presented below in the year ended 31 December 2019.
 
Provisional
accounting
£m
Fair value
adjustments
£m
Final
position
£m
Goodwill
35.6
(1.6)
34.0
Intangible assets - Development costs
10.8
2.1
12.9
Trade and other receivables
0.9
0.5
1.4
Trade and other payables
(0.4)
(0.6)
(1.0)
Deferred tax liabilities in respect of the intangible assets
(1.8)
(0.4)
(2.2)
Deferred tax asset in respect of losses
1.7
1.7
Total consideration
46.8
46.8
 
 
 
 
Cash consideration
21.8
21.8
Contingent consideration
20.8
20.8
Fair value of shareholding at the point control was obtained
4.2
4.2
Total consideration
46.8
46.8
Net cash on acquisition of subsidiary businesses in 2018
 
Hungryhouse
£m
Flyt £m
Total
£m
Net cash outflow
208.1
21.8
229.9
Cash payments made in prior periods
(6.0)
(6.0)
 
202.1
21.8
223.9
Net cash outflow on current year acquisitions
 
 
28.6
Net cash on acquisition of subsidiary businesses
 
 
252.5
Acquisition of Hungryhouse
On 15 December 2016, Just Eat announced the agreement to acquire 100% of the share capital of Hungryhouse from Delivery Hero Holding GmbH. Approval from the CMA was obtained on 16 November 2017 and completion of the acquisition occurred on 31 January 2018 for consideration totalling £239.5 million.
Funding for the acquisition was obtained from both existing cash reserves and a draw down on the RCF. Deferred consideration of £23.5 million was paid on 31 January 2019.
The acquisition of Hungryhouse, an online food company operating solely in the UK with a comparable business model to Just Eat, was consistent with Just Eat’s strategic ambition for growth and increased market presence.
The acquisition created an enlarged consumer base for Restaurant Partners to access, whilst increasing the breadth of choice on offer to UK consumers through the Just Eat platform. The combination of the two businesses also generated compelling economic benefits of scale, with high operating leverage expected to drive material synergies post integration. Goodwill was attributable to the future growth of the acquired business, through expansion of the Hungryhouse networks of Restaurant Partners, the number of orders per restaurant, and the anticipated future operational synergies. In addition, the goodwill balance represented the value of the consumer bases and assembled workforce, which did not meet the recognition criteria of an intangible asset. None of the goodwill was treated as deductible for tax purposes. No brand asset was recognised on acquisition of Hungryhouse, given that the brand was number two behind Just Eat and there would have been little incentive for any market participant to have acquired the Hungryhouse brand itself.
Acquisition of Flyt
On 22 December 2018, Just Eat acquired 92% of the share capital of Flyt for an initial cash outlay of £21.8 million with an estimated earnout to the founders and previous owners of £20.8 million, payable over three years, with the actual amount contingent upon certain revenue and profit targets being met in that three year
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window. Just Eat acquired an 8% shareholding in Flyt in September 2016 for £3.5 million, which was treated as an investment prior to the acquisition of the remaining shareholding. At the point control was obtained, the fair value of the 8% investment was £4.2 million, the difference to the carrying value of £3.5 million was included in other gains and losses.
The core Flyt application is middleware that connects a restaurant’s point of sale terminal to third party applications, such as the Just Eat platform. This enables orders and payments to be made directly from the third party applications to the point of sale terminals. Flyt works with some of the UK’s largest branded restaurant groups and Just Eat.
The acquisition of Flyt created in-house point of sale integration expertise which improved Just Eat’s platform and created a more attractive solution to large branded restaurant groups.
Goodwill arising represented the anticipated operational benefits and improvements to Just Eat’s commercial offering. In addition, the goodwill balance represented the value of the consumer bases and assembled workforce, which do not meet the recognition criteria of an intangible asset. None of the goodwill was treated as deductible for tax purposes.
24. Related party transactions
Compensation of key management personnel
Key management personnel comprises members of the Board and the Executive Team. Key management personnel compensation is shown in the table below:
 
2019
£m
2018
£m
Short-term employee benefits
5.8
8.2
Post-employment pension
0.1
Termination benefits
0.8
1.0
Share based compensation
3.1
2.7
Total compensation of key management personnel
9.7
12.0
Key management personnel’s interests in the PSP, the JSOP and the EMI Scheme
The outstanding share options and awards held by key management personnel are summarised below:
Year of issue
2019
Number
(‘000)
2018
Number
(‘000)
Vesting date
Weighted
average
threshold/
exercise price
(pence)
2013
105
408
Up to July 2016
49.9
2015
90
159
Up to May 2018
2016
213
463
Up to December 2019
2017
322
647
Up to September 2020
2018
434
833
Up to September 2021
2019
564
Up to September 2022
 
1,728
2,510
 
 
Refer to Note 6 for further details about the PSP, the JSOP and the EMI Scheme.
Other transactions with related parties
Funding to Just Eat associates and joint ventures in the year totalled £103.7 million (2018: £41.8 million).
The related party transactions in the year other than the employment of key management personnel. No amounts were owed by and to related parties at the balance sheet date.
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25. Events after the balance sheet date
On 31 January 2020 the proposed combination of Takeaway.com and Just Eat plc became wholly unconditional, resulting in the purchase of the share capital of Just Eat plc. Subsequently, Just Eat plc delisted from the London Stock Exchange and changed its name to Just Eat Limited. This is considered to be a non-adjusting post balance sheet event and resulted in bankers’ fees contingent on the deal completing of £65.6 million. On 15 April 2020, the UK Competition and Markets Authority lifted the hold separate order which had previously been issued and on 23 April 2020 gave its full clearance.
The purchase of the Company’s share capital triggered certain matters, including:
the acceleration of deferred consideration payments in relation to City Pantry and Practi of £12.1 million;
cessation of the Just Eat Limited share option schemes. Existing options vested in proportion to the vesting period to date, resulting in no additional charge to the income statement in 2020. The unvested portions transferred to the new parent company’s schemes; and
the requirement to obtain waivers from the RCF syndicate banks for the change in control, which were obtained prior to 31 January 2020.
In March 2020 the RCF was amended and extended. The facility level was increased to £535 million, denominated in two tranches, £267.5 million and €307.6 million, and the term extended to 9 March 2025. The facility also includes an accordion option to increase the facility by a further £200 million.
Subsequent to the year end, Just Eat received a capital injection of €350 million from Just Eat’s parent company, enabling the RCF to be fully paid down.
Impairment assessments for the year ended 31 December 2019 are based on the plans in place for the business at that date and do not reflect any decisions made by management of the new parent company. Subsequent to the completion of the Group’s impairment assessment of its interest in ECAC as at 31 December 2019, Just Eat has concluded that there are further indicators of impairment considering the competitive market and as a result it is probable that the carrying value of the Group’s interest amounting to £6.8 million will be impaired.
The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic during the first quarter of 2020 and the ensuing quarantine introduced by governments across Just Eat’s markets has had an impact on Just Eat’s business. However, the online food delivery sector remained resilient, relative to other sectors. After some initial disruption, overall business performance remains in line with expectations. During this period of disruption and uncertainty Just Eat has committed to supporting consumers, Restaurant Partners, couriers and people as the spread of the virus continued to impact communities across the world. Just Eat introduced contact-free delivery for all orders across Just Eat’s network, to ensure consumers receive their food deliveries safely, as well as a range of support packages to help Just Eat’s Restaurant Partners during this difficult time. This is considered to be a non-adjusting post balance sheet event as the outbreak was largely confined to China at the year end.
26. Ultimate controlling party
As at 31 December 2019, there was no controlling party of the Company. Following the acquisition of the Company on 31 January 2020 and subsequent approval by the CMA on 15 April 2020, the ultimate parent company is Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., a company incorporated in the Netherlands. The registered address of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. is Oosterdoksstraat 80, 1011 DK Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. does not have a majority shareholder.
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Annex A-1
EXECUTION VERSION
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER

Dated as of June 10, 2020

by and among

GRUBHUB INC.,

CHECKERS MERGER SUB I, INC.,

CHECKERS MERGER SUB II, INC.

and

JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V.

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AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
This AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER, dated as of June 10, 2020 (this “Agreement”), is entered into by and among Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., a public company with limited liability (naamloze vennootschap) incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands (“Parent”), Checkers Merger Sub I, Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned Subsidiary of Parent (“Merger Sub”), Checkers Merger Sub II, Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of Parent (“Merger Sub II” and together with Merger Sub, the “Merger Subs”), and Grubhub Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”). Defined terms used herein have the meanings set forth in Section 8.13.
W I T N E S S E T H
WHEREAS, the parties hereto intend that, on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, (i) Merger Sub shall be merged with and into the Company (such merger, the “Initial Merger”) in accordance with the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”) with the Company as the surviving corporation in the Initial Merger (the “Initial Surviving Company”) and (ii) immediately following the Initial Merger, the Initial Surviving Company shall be merged with and into Merger Sub II (such merger, the “Subsequent Merger” and, together with the Initial Merger, the “Mergers”) in accordance with the DGCL with Merger Sub II as the surviving corporation in the Subsequent Merger;
WHEREAS, the board of directors of the Company has (i) determined that it is fair to and in the best interest of the Company and its stockholders, and declared it advisable, that the Company enter into this Agreement and consummate the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Mergers; (ii) adopted this Agreement and approved the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Mergers; (iii) resolved to recommend that the holders of shares of Company Common Stock adopt this Agreement; and (iv) directed that this Agreement be submitted to the holders of shares of Company Common Stock for adoption;
WHEREAS, the Management Board of Parent has (i) determined that it is fair to and in the best interests of Parent and its business enterprise, and declared it advisable, that Parent enter into this Agreement and consummate the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Mergers and the issuance of American depositary shares of Parent (“Parent ADSs”) in accordance with the Deposit Agreement, with each Parent ADS representing one Parent Ordinary Share, and the underlying Parent Ordinary Shares contemplated hereby; (ii) adopted this Agreement and approved the execution, delivery and performance by Parent of this Agreement and the Transactions, including the Merger and the issuance of Parent ADSs and the underlying Parent Ordinary Shares contemplated hereby, subject to obtaining the Parent Shareholder Approval; and (iii) resolved to recommend that the holders of Parent Ordinary Shares vote in favor of the Transaction Proposals, the Board Nominations and the Pre-Emptive Rights Authorization (such resolutions, the “Parent Management Board Resolutions”);
WHEREAS, the Supervisory Board of Parent has (i) determined that it is fair to and in the best interests of Parent and its business enterprise, and declared it advisable, that Parent enter into this Agreement and consummate the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Mergers and the issuance of Parent ADSs and the underlying Parent Ordinary Shares contemplated hereby, (ii) approved the Parent Management Board Resolutions, and (iii) resolved to recommend that the holders of Parent Ordinary Shares vote in favor of the Transaction Proposals, the Board Nominations and the Pre-Emptive Rights Authorization;
WHEREAS, the board of directors of each Merger Sub has (i) determined that it is fair to and in the best interest of such Merger Sub and Parent (as its sole stockholder), and declared it advisable, that such Merger Sub enter into this Agreement and consummate the transactions contemplated hereby; (ii) adopted this Agreement and approved the execution, delivery and performance by such Merger Sub of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the applicable Mergers; (iii) resolved to recommend that Parent (as its sole stockholder) adopt this Agreement; and (iv) directed that this Agreement be submitted to Parent (as its sole stockholder) for adoption;
WHEREAS, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the parties hereto intend that (i) the Initial Merger and Subsequent Merger be treated as a single integrated transaction that will qualify as a “reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368(a)(1)(A) and Section 368(a)(2)(D) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the “Code”), and the regulations promulgated thereunder, (ii) the Mergers will not result in gain being recognized under Section 367(a)(1) of the Code (other than for any stockholder that would be a “five-percent transferee
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shareholder” (within the meaning of United States Treasury Regulations Section 1.367(a)-3(c)(5)(ii)) of Parent following the transaction that does not enter into a five-year gain recognition agreement pursuant to United States Treasury Regulations Section 1.367(a)-8(c)), (iii) Parent, Merger Sub II and the Company each be a party to the reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(b) of the Code and (iv) this Agreement will constitute a “plan of reorganization” for purposes of Sections 354, 361 and 368 of the Code and within the meaning of United States Treasury Regulations Section 1.368-2(g) (clauses (i) through (iv) collectively, the “Intended Tax Treatment”);
WHEREAS, as a condition to the Company’s willingness to enter into this Agreement, simultaneously with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Company and Mr. Jitse Groen (the “Parent Shareholder”) are entering into a voting agreement (the “Parent Support Agreement”) pursuant to which the Parent Shareholder is agreeing, among other things to vote his Parent Ordinary Shares in favor of the Parent Shareholder Approval and the Pre-Emptive Rights Authorization, and to take certain other actions in furtherance of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, in each case, subject to the terms and conditions of the Parent Support Agreement; and
WHEREAS, Parent, Merger Sub, Merger Sub II and the Company desire to make certain representations, warranties, covenants and agreements specified herein in connection with this Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements contained in this Agreement and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, and intending to be legally bound hereby, Parent, Merger Sub, Merger Sub II and the Company hereby agree as follows:
ARTICLE I

THE MERGERS
Section 1.1 The Mergers.
(a) Upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, at the First Effective Time, Merger Sub shall be merged with and into the Company and the separate corporate existence of Merger Sub shall thereupon cease. The Company shall be the surviving company in the Initial Merger, and the separate corporate existence of the Company with all its rights, privileges, immunities, powers and franchises shall continue unaffected by the Initial Merger, except as set forth in Section 1.5. The Initial Merger shall have the effects specified in the DGCL.
(b) Immediately following the Initial Merger, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, at the Second Effective Time, the Initial Surviving Company shall be merged with and into Merger Sub II and the separate corporate existence of the Initial Surviving Company shall thereupon cease. Merger Sub II shall be the surviving company in the Subsequent Merger (the “Final Surviving Company”), and the separate company existence of Merger Sub II with all its rights, privileges, immunities, powers and franchises shall continue unaffected by the Subsequent Merger, except as set forth in Section 1.5. The Subsequent Merger shall have the effects specified in the DGCL.
Section 1.2 Closing. The closing of the Mergers (the “Closing”) shall take place either (at the election of the Company) (1) at the offices of Kirkland & Ellis LLP (“Kirkland”), 601 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York 10022, or (2) remotely by exchange of documents and signatures (or their electronic counterparts), in each case, at 10:00 a.m. (New York City time) on the date that is three (3) Business Days following the satisfaction or waiver (to the extent permitted by applicable Law) of the conditions set forth in Article VI (other than those conditions that by their nature are to be satisfied at the Closing, but subject to the satisfaction or waiver of those conditions at such time), or such other date, time or place is agreed to in writing by the parties hereto. The date on which the Closing occurs is referred to in this Agreement as the “Closing Date.
Section 1.3 Effective Time. Subject to the provisions of this Agreement, on the Closing Date the parties hereto shall file with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware a certificate of merger, executed in accordance with, and in such form as is required by, the relevant provisions of the DGCL with respect to the Initial Merger (the “First Certificate of Merger”). The Merger shall become effective upon the filing of the First Certificate of Merger or at such later time as is agreed to by the parties hereto and specified in the First Certificate of Merger (the time at which the Merger becomes effective is herein referred to as the “First
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Effective Time”). Immediately following the First Effective Time, subject to the provisions of this Agreement, the Initial Surviving Company and Merger Sub II shall file with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware a certificate of merger, executed in accordance with, and in such form as is required by, the relevant provisions of the DGCL with respect to the Subsequent Merger (the “Second Certificate of Merger”). The Subsequent Merger shall become effective upon the filing of the Second Certificate of Merger or at such later time as is agreed to by the parties hereto and specified in the Second Certificate of Merger (the time at which the Subsequent Merger becomes effective is herein referred to as the “Second Effective Time”).
Section 1.4 Effects of the Mergers. The Mergers shall have the effects set forth in the applicable provisions of the DGCL. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, and subject thereto, (a) at the First Effective Time, all the properties, rights, privileges, powers and franchises of the Company and Merger Sub shall vest in the Initial Surviving Company, and all debts, liabilities and duties of the Company and Merger Sub shall become the debts, liabilities and duties of the Initial Surviving Company and (b) at the Second Effective Time, all the properties, rights, privileges, powers and franchise of the Initial Surviving Company and Merger Sub II shall vest in the Final Surviving Company, and all debts, liabilities and duties of the Initial Surviving Company and Merger Sub II shall become the debts, liabilities and duties of the Final Surviving Company.
Section 1.5 Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws.
(a) At the First Effective Time, the certificate of incorporation of the Initial Surviving Company shall be amended and restated so as to read in its entirety as the certificate of incorporation of Merger Sub in effect immediately prior to the First Effective Time, except that references to the name of Merger Sub shall be replaced by the name of the Initial Surviving Company and references to the incorporator shall be removed (the “Initial Certificate of Incorporation”), until thereafter amended as provided therein (subject to the terms and conditions set forth in Section 5.9) or by applicable Law.
(b) At the First Effective Time, the bylaws of the Initial Surviving Company shall be amended and restated so as to read in their entirety as the bylaws of Merger Sub in effect immediately prior to the First Effective Time, except that references to the name of Merger Sub shall be replaced by the name of the Initial Surviving Company (the “Initial Bylaws”), until thereafter amended as provided therein (subject to the terms and conditions set forth in Section 5.9) or by applicable Law.
(c) At the Second Effective Time, the certificate of incorporation of Merger Sub II as in effect immediately prior to the Second Effective Time shall continue to be the certificate of incorporation of the Final Surviving Company, except that references to the name of Merger Sub II shall be replaced by the name of the Initial Surviving Company and references to the incorporator shall be removed (the “Final Certificate of Incorporation”), until thereafter amended as provided therein (subject to the terms and conditions set forth in Section 5.9) or by applicable Law.
(d) At the Second Effective Time, the bylaws of Merger Sub II as in effect immediately prior to the Second Effective Time shall continue to be the bylaws of the Final Surviving Company, except that references to the name of Merger Sub II shall be replaced by the name of the Initial Surviving Company (the “Final Bylaws”), until thereafter amended as provided therein (subject to the terms and conditions set forth in Section 5.9) or by applicable Law.
Section 1.6 Directors and Officers of the Initial Surviving Company and Final Surviving Company.
(a) The parties hereto shall take all actions necessary so that the directors of Merger Sub immediately prior to the First Effective Time shall, from and after the First Effective Time, be the directors of the Initial Surviving Company until their successors have been duly elected or appointed and qualified or until their earlier death, resignation or removal in accordance with the Initial Certificate of Incorporation and Initial Bylaws.
(b) The parties hereto shall take all actions necessary so that the officers of the Company immediately prior to the First Effective Time shall, from and after the First Effective Time, be the officers of the Initial Surviving Company until their successors have been duly elected or appointed and qualified or until their earlier death, resignation or removal in accordance with the Initial Certificate of Incorporation and the Initial Bylaws.
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(c) The parties hereto shall take all actions necessary so that the directors of Merger Sub II immediately prior to the First Effective Time shall, from and after the Second Effective Time, be the directors of the Final Surviving Company until their successors have been duly elected or appointed and qualified or until their earlier death, resignation or removal in accordance with the Final Certificate of Incorporation and Final Bylaws.
(d) The parties hereto shall take all actions necessary so that the officers of the Initial Surviving Company immediately prior to the Second Effective Time shall, from and after the Second Effective Time, be the officers of the Final Surviving Company until their successors have been duly elected or appointed and qualified or until their earlier death, resignation or removal in accordance with the Final Certificate of Incorporation and the Final Bylaws.
Section 1.7 Parent Governance Matters.
(a) Subject to applicable Law, obtaining the necessary Board Nominee Approval and such individuals’ continued service as directors on the Company Board immediately prior to the First Effective Time, Parent shall take all actions as are necessary to cause, effective as of the First Effective Time, (i) the size of the Supervisory Board of Parent to be increased by two supervisory directors and (ii) two individuals who served as directors on the Company Board at the time of the designation by the Company in accordance with Section 1.7(c) (the “Supervisory Board Nominees”) to be appointed as supervisory directors of Parent upon a binding nomination.
(b) Subject to applicable Law, obtaining the necessary Board Nominee Approval and such individual’s continued service as a director on the Company Board immediately prior to the First Effective Time, Parent shall take all actions as are necessary to cause, effective as of the First Effective Time, (i) the size of the Management Board of Parent to be increased by one managing director and (ii) one individual who served as a director on the Company Board at the time of the designation by the Company in accordance with Section 1.7(c) (the “Management Board Nominee”) to be appointed as managing directors of Parent upon a binding nomination.
(c) The Supervisory Board Nominees and the Management Board Nominee shall be designated by the Company in writing no later than the five (5) Business Days prior to the date of publication of the Parent Circular, following consultation between Parent and the Company regarding appropriate candidates for appointment to the Parent Boards, and the Company shall consider in good faith input reasonably provided by Parent, taking into account applicable Law and Parent’s corporate governance policies. Parent shall not be required to take any actions that would result in the resignation of members from, or the appointment of any persons other than the Supervisory Board Nominees and the Management Board Nominee, to the applicable Parent Board.
(d) The Company shall, as promptly as reasonably practicable upon written request by Parent, and in any event no later than ten (10) Business Days following such request, make available to Parent all information and documentation relating to the Management Board Nominee that is reasonably necessary or desirable to obtaining a positive assessment from De Nederlandsche Bank of the integrity (betrouwbaarheid) of the Management Board Nominee, as required under the FMSA for a managing director of Parent, being a holder of qualifying holding in Takeaway.com Payments B.V.
ARTICLE II

EFFECT OF THE MERGERS ON CAPITAL STOCK
Section 2.1 Initial Merger Effect on Capital Stock. At the First Effective Time, by virtue of the Initial Merger and without any action on the part of the holder of any shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the Company (“Company Common Stock”) or any shares of capital stock of Parent or either Merger Sub:
(a) Capital Stock of Merger Sub. Each issued and outstanding share of capital stock of Merger Sub shall be converted into and become one validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable share of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the Initial Surviving Company (“Initial Surviving Company Stock”).
(b) Cancellation of Treasury Stock and Parent-Owned Stock. Any shares of Company Common Stock that are owned by the Company as treasury stock, and any shares of Company Common Stock owned by
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Parent, Merger Sub, Merger Sub II or any other direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Parent (collectively, the “Excluded Shares”), shall be automatically cancelled and retired, and shall cease to exist and no consideration shall be delivered in exchange therefor.
(c) Conversion of Company Common Stock.
(i) Each share of Company Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the First Effective Time (other than the Excluded Shares) (collectively, the “Shares”) shall be converted into and become one (1) share of Initial Surviving Company Stock, and each such share of Initial Surviving Company Stock shall immediately thereafter be automatically exchanged for (A) 0.6710 (the “Exchange Ratio”) Parent ADSs duly and validly issued against the deposit of the requisite number of underlying Parent Ordinary Shares in accordance with the Deposit Agreement (the “Merger Consideration”) in accordance with Section 2.3(a), (B) cash in lieu of any fractional Parent ADSs to which such holder is entitled pursuant to Section 2.3(e) and (C) any dividends or other distributions to which such holder is entitled pursuant to Section 2.3(c), in each case without interest (subject to any applicable withholding Tax). At the First Effective Time, the Initial Surviving Company shall deliver to the Exchange Agent, solely for the account and benefit of the former holders of Shares, a number of shares of Initial Surviving Company Stock equal to the number of Shares outstanding immediately prior to the First Effective Time.
(ii) At the First Effective Time, all of the Shares shall cease to be outstanding, shall be cancelled and shall cease to exist, and each certificate (a “Certificate”) formerly representing any of the Shares and any Shares held in book-entry form (“Book-Entry Shares”) shall thereafter represent only the right to receive one (1) share of Initial Surviving Company Stock in accordance with Section 2.1(c)(i) and, upon the automatic exchange in accordance with Section 2.3(a), (A) the Merger Consideration, (B) cash in lieu of any fractional Parent ADSs to which such holder is entitled pursuant to Section 2.3(e) and (C) any dividends or other distributions to which such holder is entitled pursuant to Section 2.3(c), in each case without interest (subject to any applicable withholding Tax).
(d) Appraisal Rights / Dissenting Shares. In accordance with Section 262(b) of the DGCL, no appraisal rights will be available to holders of Company Common Stock in connection with the Initial Merger.
Section 2.2 Subsequent Merger Effect on Capital Stock. At the Second Effective Time, each share of Initial Surviving Company Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Second Effective Time shall be cancelled and shall cease to exist and no consideration shall be paid or payable in respect thereof and each share of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of Merger Sub II issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Second Effective Time shall be converted into and become one validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable share of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the Final Surviving Company.
Section 2.3 Exchange of Certificates.
(a) Exchange Agent; Contribution in Kind. Prior to the First Effective Time, Parent shall designate a bank or trust company located in New York City selected by Parent and acceptable to the Company (which acceptance shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned) (the “Exchange Agent”) for the purpose of exchanging shares of Company Common Stock for the Merger Consideration in accordance with this Article II and enter into an agreement acceptable to the Company (which acceptance shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned) with the Exchange Agent relating to the services to be performed by the Exchange Agent. Immediately following the First Effective Time and prior to the Second Effective Time, and in accordance with the provisions of Section 2:94b of the Dutch Civil Code (Burgerlijk Wetboek), Parent shall cause the Exchange Agent, acting solely in its capacity as exchange agent hereunder, to contribute, for the account and benefit of the former holders of Shares, all of the issued and outstanding shares of Initial Surviving Company Stock that were issued to the Exchange Agent for the account and benefit of the former holders of Shares pursuant to Section 2.1(c)(i) to Parent as a contribution in kind (inbreng op aandelen anders dan in geld). In consideration of this contribution in kind, at the First Effective Time and prior to the Second Effective Time, Parent shall, subject to Section 2.6, (i) issue (uitgeven) and deliver (leveren) to the Exchange Agent for immediate delivery to the Depositary Bank or its nominee, solely in its capacity as such, a number of validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable Parent Ordinary Shares equal to the number of Parent ADSs issuable pursuant to Section 2.1(c) and (ii) cause to be issued and delivered, upon delivery of the foregoing Parent Ordinary Shares by the Exchange Agent to the Depositary Bank or its nominee, to the Exchange Agent for the account and benefit of the former holders of Shares (A) receipts representing the Parent ADSs issuable pursuant
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to Section 2.1(c) (or make appropriate alternative arrangements if uncertificated Parent ADSs represented by a book-entry will be issued), (B) cash in an amount sufficient to make all requisite payments of (x) cash in lieu of fractional shares pursuant to Section 2.3(e) and (y) dividends or other distributions to which such holders are entitled pursuant to Section 2.3(c), in each case without interest (subject to any applicable withholding Tax) (such Parent ADSs and cash amounts so made available to the Exchange Agent are referred to collectively as the “Exchange Fund”). The cash portion of the Exchange Fund shall, pending its disbursement to such holders, be invested by the Exchange Agent as directed by Parent in (i) short-term direct obligations of the United States of America or (ii) short-term obligations for which the full faith and credit of the United States of America is pledged to provide for the payment of principal and interest. Any interest and other income from such investments shall become part of the funds held by the Exchange Agent for purposes of paying amounts payable in accordance with this Article II. No investment by the Exchange Agent of the cash portion of the Exchange Fund shall relieve Parent, the Initial Surviving Company, the Final Surviving Company or the Exchange Agent from making the payments required by this Article II and Parent shall promptly replace any funds deposited with the Exchange Agent lost through any investment made pursuant to this Section 2.3(a). No investment by the Exchange Agent of the cash portion of the Exchange Fund shall have maturities that could prevent or delay payments being made pursuant to this Agreement. Following the First Effective Time, Parent agrees to make available to the Exchange Agent, from time to time as needed, additional cash in an amount sufficient to pay (A) cash in lieu of any fractional Parent ADSs to which such holder is entitled pursuant to Section 2.3(e) and (B) any dividends or other distributions to which such holder is entitled pursuant to Section 2.3(c), in each case without interest (subject to any applicable withholding Tax).
(b) Exchange Procedures. As soon as practicable after the First Effective Time (and in no event later than five (5) Business Days after the First Effective Time), Parent shall cause the Exchange Agent to mail to each holder of record of Shares which were converted pursuant to Section 2.1(c)(i) into the Merger Consideration: (i) a letter of transmittal in customary form (which, in the case of Shares represented by Certificates, shall specify that delivery shall be effected, and risk of loss and title to the Certificates shall pass, only upon delivery of the Certificates or affidavits of loss in lieu of the Certificates as provided in Section 2.3(f) to the Exchange Agent), such letter of transmittal to be in such form and have such other provisions as Parent and the Company may reasonably agree and (ii) instructions for use in effecting the surrender of the Certificates (or affidavits of loss in lieu of the Certificates as provided in Section 2.3(f)) or Book-Entry Shares in exchange for the Merger Consideration. Upon surrender of a Certificate (or affidavit of loss in lieu of the Certificate as provided in Section 2.3(f)) or receipt of an “agent’s message” by the Exchange Agent (or such other evidence, if any, of transfer as the Exchange Agent may reasonably request) in the case of Book-Entry Shares to the Exchange Agent in accordance with the terms of the letter of transmittal duly executed, the holder of a Share which was converted pursuant to Section 2.1(c)(i) into the Merger Consideration shall be entitled to receive in exchange therefor, subject to any required withholding Taxes, the Merger Consideration, together with (x) cash in lieu of any fractional Parent ADSs to which such holder is entitled pursuant to Section 2.3(e) and (y) any dividends or other distributions to which such holder is entitled pursuant to Section 2.3(c), in each case without interest (subject to any applicable withholding Tax), for each Share surrendered, and any Certificates surrendered shall forthwith be cancelled. Unless requested otherwise by the Company, the Parent ADSs to be delivered as Merger Consideration shall be eligible for settlement through The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) and issued in uncertificated book-entry form through the procedures of DTC to such account as specified in the preceding sentence, unless a physical Parent ADS is requested or otherwise required by applicable Law, in which case Parent shall cause the Exchange Agent to promptly send such receipt representing such Parent ADSs to such holder. If payment of the Merger Consideration is to be made to a Person other than the Person in whose name the surrendered Certificate or Book-Entry Share in exchange therefor is registered, it shall be a condition of payment that (A) the Person requesting such exchange present proper evidence of transfer or shall otherwise be in proper form for transfer and (B) the Person requesting such payment shall have paid any transfer and other Taxes required by reason of the payment of the Merger Consideration to a Person other than the registered holder of such Certificate or Book-Entry Share surrendered or shall have established to the reasonable satisfaction of Parent that such Tax either has been paid or is not applicable.
(c) Distributions with Respect to Unexchanged Parent ADSs. All Parent ADSs (and the underlying Parent Ordinary Shares) to be issued as the Merger Consideration shall be deemed issued and outstanding as of the First Effective Time; provided that no dividends or other distributions declared or made after the First Effective Time with respect to Parent Ordinary Shares or Parent ADSs with a record date after the First Effective
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Time will be paid to the holder of any unsurrendered Certificate or Book-Entry Share with respect to the Parent ADSs to be issued in exchange therefor, and no cash payment in lieu of any fractional shares will be paid to any such holder pursuant to Section 2.3(e), until the holder of such Certificate or Book-Entry Share surrenders such Certificate or Book-Entry Share. Subject to the effect of escheat, Tax or other applicable Laws, following surrender of any such Certificate or Book-Entry Share, the holder of the Certificate or Book-Entry Share representing whole Parent ADSs issued in exchange therefor will be paid, without interest (subject to any applicable withholding Tax), (i) promptly, the amount of dividends or other distributions with a record date after the First Effective Time and theretofore paid with respect to such whole Parent ADS and (ii) at the appropriate payment date, the amount of dividends or other distributions, with a record date after the First Effective Time but prior to surrender and a payment date occurring after surrender, payable with respect to such whole Parent ADS.
(d) Transfer Books; No Further Ownership Rights in Company Stock. At the First Effective Time, the stock transfer books of the Company shall be closed and thereafter there shall be no further registration of transfers on the stock transfer books of the Initial Surviving Company or Final Surviving Company, as applicable, of the shares of Company Common Stock that were outstanding immediately prior to the First Effective Time. From and after the First Effective Time, the holders of Certificates or Book-Entry Shares that evidenced ownership of shares of Company Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to the First Effective Time shall cease to have any rights with respect to such shares of Company Common Stock other than the right to receive the (i) Merger Consideration, (ii) cash in lieu of any fractional Parent ADSs to which such holder is entitled pursuant to Section 2.3(e) and (iii) any dividends or other distributions to which such holder is entitled pursuant to Section 2.3(c), in each case without interest (subject to any applicable withholding Tax), except as otherwise provided for herein or by applicable Law. Subject to the last sentence of Section 2.3(e), if, at any time after the First Effective Time, Certificates are presented to the Initial Surviving Company or Final Surviving Company, as applicable, for any reason, they shall be cancelled and exchanged as provided in this Article II.
(e) No Fractional Shares. No fractional Parent ADSs will be issued upon the surrender for exchange of Certificates or Book-Entry Shares, and any holder of record of Shares who would otherwise be entitled to receive a fraction of a Parent ADS shall, in lieu thereof, be entitled to receive an amount in cash (rounded to the nearest cent, without interest and subject to any withholding Tax) equal to the product obtained by multiplying (i) the fractional Parent ADS interest to which such holder would otherwise be entitled (rounded to three decimal places after applying the Exchange Ratio and after aggregating all fractional Parent ADS interests that would otherwise be received by such holder) by (ii) an amount equal to the Closing VWAP. Any amounts to which a holder of Shares is entitled pursuant to this Section 2.3(e) shall be paid as promptly as reasonably practicable following surrender of such holder’s Certificates or Book-Entry Shares or, in the case of a lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, upon delivery of an affidavit of loss thereof in accordance with Section 2.3(f).
(f) Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates. If any Certificate shall have been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the Person claiming such Certificate to be lost, stolen or destroyed and, if reasonably required by the Initial Surviving Company or Final Surviving Company, as applicable, the posting by such Person of a bond, in such reasonable amount as Parent may direct, as indemnity against any claim that may be made against it with respect to such Certificate, the Exchange Agent will pay, in exchange for such lost, stolen or destroyed Certificate, (i) the Merger Consideration to be paid in respect of the shares of Company Common Stock formerly represented by such Certificate, as contemplated by this Article II, (ii) cash in lieu of any fractional Parent ADSs to which such holder is entitled pursuant to Section 2.3(e) and (iii) any dividends or other distributions to which such holder is entitled pursuant to Section 2.3(c), in each case without interest (subject to any applicable withholding Tax).
(g) Termination of Fund. At any time following the first (1st) anniversary of the Closing Date, the Final Surviving Company shall be entitled to require the Exchange Agent to deliver to it any funds or other property (including any interest received with respect thereto) that had been made available to the Exchange Agent and which have not been disbursed in accordance with this Article II, and thereafter Persons entitled to receive payment pursuant to this Article II shall be entitled to look only to the Initial Surviving Company or Final Surviving Company, as applicable, (subject to abandoned property, escheat or other similar Laws) as general creditors thereof with respect to the payment of any Merger Consideration, cash in lieu of any fractional Parent ADSs to which such holder is entitled pursuant to Section 2.3(e), and any dividends or other distributions
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to which such holder is entitled pursuant to Section 2.3(c), in each case without interest (subject to any applicable withholding Tax), that may be payable upon surrender of any Company Common Stock held by such holders, as determined pursuant to this Agreement, without any interest thereon.
(h) No Liability. None of the Exchange Agent, Parent, the Initial Surviving Company or the Final Surviving Company will be liable to any Person for any Merger Consideration from the Exchange Fund (or dividends or distributions with respect to Parent ADSs) or other cash delivered to a public official pursuant to any abandoned property, escheat or similar Law. Any portion of the Exchange Fund remaining unclaimed by any Person as of a date that is immediately prior to such time as such amounts would otherwise escheat to or become property of any Governmental Authority will, to the extent permitted by applicable Law, become the property of Parent free and clear of any claims or interest of any Person previously entitled thereto.
(i) Withholding Taxes. Each of Parent, the Initial Surviving Company, the Final Surviving Company and the Exchange Agent shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from the consideration otherwise payable pursuant to this Agreement such amounts as are required to be deducted and withheld with respect to the making of such payment under the Code, or under any applicable provision of state, local or non-U.S. Law related to Taxes. To the extent amounts are so withheld and paid over to the appropriate Governmental Authority, the withheld amounts shall be treated for all purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to the Person in respect of which such deduction and withholding was made.
Section 2.4 Company Stock Options and RSUs.
(a) Each option that represents the right to acquire shares of Company Common Stock and that is outstanding immediately prior to the First Effective Time (whether or not then vested or exercisable) (each, an “Option”) shall at the First Effective Time be converted into an option (each, an “Assumed Option”) to purchase a number of Parent ADSs (or Parent Ordinary Shares, as determined by Parent acting reasonably) (rounded down to the nearest number of whole Parent ADSs or Parent Ordinary Shares, as the case may be) equal to the product of (i) the number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to such Option immediately prior to the First Effective Time and (ii) the Exchange Ratio, at an exercise price per share (rounded up to the nearest whole cent) equal to (A) the exercise price per share of such Option immediately prior to the First Effective Time divided by (B) the Exchange Ratio. Any restrictions on the exercise of any Assumed Option shall continue in full force and effect and the term, exercisability, vesting schedule (including any double-trigger vesting) and other provisions of such Assumed Option shall otherwise remain unchanged as a result of the assumption of such Assumed Option.
(b) Each restricted stock unit with respect to shares of Company Common Stock that is outstanding immediately prior to the First Effective Time (collectively, the “Company RSUs”) shall at the First Effective Time be converted into a restricted stock unit of Parent (each, an “Assumed RSU”) with respect to a number of Parent ADSs (or Parent Ordinary Shares, as determined by Parent acting reasonably) (rounded to the nearest number of whole Parent ADSs or Parent Ordinary Shares, as the case may be) equal to the product of (i) the number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to such Company RSU immediately prior to the First Effective Time and (ii) the Exchange Ratio. The vesting schedule (including any double-trigger vesting) and other provisions of such Assumed RSU shall otherwise remain unchanged as a result of the assumption of such Assumed RSU.
(c) Notwithstanding the foregoing, each Assumed Option and each Assumed RSU in respect of Parent Ordinary Shares shall provide that upon exercise or settlement, as applicable, the underlying Parent Ordinary Shares may, at the election of Parent, be deposited in Stichting Administratiekantoor Takeaway.com (“STAK”), which shall hold such Parent Ordinary Shares on behalf of the former holder of the Assumed Option or Assumed RSU, as applicable, and exercise all voting rights with respect to such Parent Ordinary Shares, and such former holder shall receive one depository receipt of the STAK with respect to each such Parent Ordinary Share so deposited (each, a “STAK DR”). Each STAK DR shall entitle the holder thereof to all economic benefits of the underlying Parent Ordinary Shares and, subject to any blackout or restrictions under applicable Law, entitle the holder thereof to direct the STAK to sell the underlying Parent Ordinary Shares and transfer the proceeds to the holder thereof.
(d) Prior to the First Effective Time, the Company Board (or, if appropriate, any committee administering the Company Stock Plans, the Options and the Company RSUs) will take all actions reasonably necessary or appropriate to give effect to this Section 2.4.
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Section 2.5 Adjustments. If at any time during the period between the date of this Agreement and the First Effective Time, any change in the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company or Parent shall occur as a result of any reclassification, stock split (including a reverse stock split), combination, exchange or readjustment of outstanding shares, any stock dividend or stock distribution in respect of outstanding shares (including any dividend or distribution of securities of a Subsidiary of Parent or the Company or the Company or of securities convertible into Parent Ordinary Shares, Parent ADSs or Company Common Stock to holders of outstanding shares), reorganization, recapitalization or reclassification with a record date during such period, the Merger Consideration and any other similarly dependent items shall be equitably adjusted; provided, however, that nothing in this Section 2.5 shall be deemed to permit or authorize any party hereto to effect any such change that it is not otherwise authorized or permitted to undertake pursuant to this Agreement.
Section 2.6 Parent Ordinary Shares.
(a) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, (i) upon Parent’s reasonable determination, Parent may, or (ii) upon the Company’s reasonable request to the extent reasonably practicable, Parent shall, permit (but not obligate) holders of Shares to elect to receive a number of Parent Ordinary Shares (or CREST depositary interests eligible for trading through CREST representing beneficial ownership interests in a number of Parent Ordinary Shares (“CDIs”)) equal to the Exchange Ratio for each outstanding Share in lieu of the Parent ADSs issuable as the Merger Consideration in accordance with Section 2.1(c), in which event the Exchange Agent shall not deliver such number of Parent Ordinary Shares to the Depositary Bank or its nominee under Section 2.3(a) and (a) any and all Parent Ordinary Shares (or CDIs) delivered to such holders of Shares who have elected to receive Parent Ordinary Shares (or CDIs) shall, for all purposes of this Agreement, be deemed to be the Merger Consideration and (b) with respect to any holders of Shares who have elected to receive Parent Ordinary Shares, Parent shall be deemed to have satisfied its obligations under this Agreement with respect to Parent ADSs through the registration, issuance, delivery and listing of Parent Ordinary Shares (or CDIs).
(b) In the event that, prior to the date of the initial filing of the Form F-4, Parent, acting in good faith (after consulting with and considering in good faith the views of the Company), reasonably determines that it is desirable to issue Parent Ordinary Shares as the Merger Consideration in lieu of Parent ADSs to the holders of Shares, the parties hereto agree to negotiate and cooperate in good faith to enter into an appropriate amendment to this Agreement to reflect such change in the form of the Merger Consideration and provide for other changes necessitated thereby; provided, however, that failure of the parties hereto to agree to such an amendment shall not cause any condition to Closing set forth herein not to be satisfied or otherwise cause any breach of this Agreement; provided further that (i) any actions taken pursuant to this Section 2.6(b) shall not, without the prior written consent of each of Parent and the Company, (A) alter or change the Exchange Ratio or the amount, nature or mix of the Merger Consideration (or the consideration payable to holders of Options and Company RSUs pursuant to Section 2.4), other than the substitution of Parent Ordinary Shares for Parent ADSs, (B) impose any material economic or other cost on Parent or its shareholders or the Company or its stockholders, (C) adversely affect the Intended Tax Treatment or otherwise result in any material adverse Tax impact to the stockholders of the Company or the parties hereto, (D) prevent or materially delay or impair the receipt of any consents or approvals of, or the completion of any notices to or filings, declarations or registrations with, any Governmental Authority that are necessary for the consummation of the Transactions, or (E) prevent or materially delay or impair the consummation of the Transactions, (ii) any such Parent Ordinary Shares to be issued as the Merger Consideration shall, as of the First Effective Time, have been approved for listing on the NYSE or the NASDAQ, subject only to official notice of issuance and (iii) such amendment would not be expected to have any of the effects or consequences in clauses (i)(A) through (i)(E) above.
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ARTICLE III

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
The Company represents and warrants to Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II that, except as disclosed in the corresponding section of the disclosure schedule delivered by the Company to Parent simultaneously with the execution of this Agreement (the “Company Disclosure Schedule”), it being understood and agreed that any information set forth in one section or subsection of the Company Disclosure Schedule shall be deemed to apply to each other section and subsection of this Agreement to which the applicability of such information is reasonably apparent on its face, or as set forth in (or incorporated by reference in) any of the Company SEC Documents (other than any risk factor disclosure contained in the “Risk Factors” section thereof or other cautionary, predictive or forward-looking statements therein) filed on or after January 1, 2018 and prior to the date of this Agreement (the “Filed Company SEC Documents”):
Section 3.1 Organization, Standing and Corporate Power.
(a) The Company is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of the State of Delaware and has all requisite corporate power and authority necessary to own or lease all of its properties and assets and to carry on its business as it is now being conducted, except (other than with respect to the Company’s due organization and valid existence) as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to (i) have a Company Material Adverse Effect or (ii) prevent or materially delay or impair the ability of the Company to consummate the Transactions (this clause (ii), a “Company Impairment Effect”). The Company is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted by it or the character or location of the properties and assets owned or leased by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(b) Each Subsidiary of the Company is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization (in the case of good standing, to the extent such jurisdiction recognizes such concept), except in each case as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect or a Company Impairment Effect. Each Subsidiary of the Company is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted by it or the character or location of the properties and assets owned or leased by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect. All the outstanding shares of capital stock of, or other equity interests in, each Subsidiary of the Company have been validly issued and are fully paid and, to the extent applicable, nonassessable, and (except for directors’ qualifying shares or the like) are owned directly or indirectly by the Company free and clear of all Liens, except for such transfer restrictions of general applicability as may be provided under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”), and other applicable securities laws. Section 3.1(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth, as of the date of this Agreement, a complete and correct list of all the Subsidiaries of the Company and any other Person in which the Company or any its Subsidiaries owns any shares of capital stock, voting securities or other ownership, together with (i) the jurisdiction of incorporation or organization, as applicable, of each such Subsidiary or Person, (ii) the type of and percentage interest held, directly or indirectly, by the Company in each such Subsidiary or Person and (iii) the names of any Person other than the Company or any of its Subsidiaries that owns any shares of capital stock, voting securities or other ownership in any such Subsidiary or Person, together with the type of and percentage interest held by such other Person in such Subsidiary or Person.
(c) The Company has made available to Parent complete and correct copies of the certificate of incorporation and by-laws of the Company, in each case as amended to the date of this Agreement (the “Company Charter Documents”).
Section 3.2 Capitalization.
(a) The authorized capital stock of the Company consists of 500,000,000 shares of Company Common Stock and 25,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“Company Preferred Stock”). At the close of business on June 8, 2020 (the “Company Capitalization Date”), (i) 92,233,900 shares of Company Common Stock were issued and outstanding, (ii) no shares of Company Common Stock were held by the Company in its treasury, (iii) (A) 6,096,717 shares of Company Common Stock were reserved and available
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for issuance under the Company Stock Plans, (B) 2,819,067 shares of Company Common Stock were reserved for issuance upon the exercise of outstanding Options and (C) 4,057,484 shares of Company Common Stock were reserved for issuance pursuant to outstanding Company RSUs and (iv) no shares of Company Preferred Stock were issued or outstanding. All outstanding shares of Company Common Stock have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid, nonassessable and free of preemptive rights. Since the Company Capitalization Date through the date hereof, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has (1) issued any Company Securities or incurred any obligation to make any payments based on the price or value of any Company Securities, other than issuances of shares of Company Common Stock pursuant to the exercise of Options and the vesting and settlement of Company RSUs, in each case, outstanding as of the Company Capitalization Date under the Company Stock Plans or an “inducement grant” pursuant to the rules of the NYSE, or (2) established a record date for, declared, set aside for payment or paid any dividend on, or made any other distribution in respect of, any shares of the Company’s capital stock.
(b) Except as described in Section 3.2(a), as of the Company Capitalization Date, there were (i) no shares of capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests in, the Company issued, outstanding or reserved for issuance, (ii) no outstanding securities of the Company convertible into or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests in, the Company, (iii) no outstanding options, warrants, rights or other commitments or agreements to acquire from the Company, or that obligate the Company to issue, any capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests in, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests in, the Company, (iv) no obligations of the Company to grant, extend or enter into any subscription, warrant, right, convertible or exchangeable security or other similar agreement or commitment relating to any capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests in, the Company (the items in clauses (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) being referred to collectively as “Company Securities”) and (v) no other obligations by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to make any payments based on the price or value of any Company Securities.
(c) There are no bonds, debentures, notes or other Indebtedness of the Company having the right to vote (or convertible into, or exchangeable for, securities having the right to vote) on any matters on which stockholders of the Company may vote. There are no outstanding agreements of any kind which obligate the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any Company Securities (other than pursuant to the cashless exercise of Options or the forfeiture or withholding of Taxes with respect to Options or Company RSUs), or obligate the Company to grant, extend or enter into any such agreements relating to any Company Securities, including any agreements granting any preemptive rights, subscription rights, anti-dilutive rights, rights of first refusal or similar rights with respect to any Company Securities. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any stockholders’ agreement, voting trust agreement, registration rights agreement or other similar agreement or understanding relating to any Company Securities or any other agreement relating to the disposition, voting or dividends with respect to any Company Securities. No Subsidiary of the Company owns any shares of Company Common Stock.
(d) All Options and Company RSUs are evidenced by award agreements in substantially the forms previously made available to Parent or disclosed in the Company SEC Documents, and no Option or Company RSU is subject to terms that are materially different from those set forth in such forms. Each Option and each Company RSU may, by its terms, be treated as provided for in Section 2.4, and (i) such treatment will not, absent any other event or circumstance, result in the accelerated vesting of any such award in connection with the Mergers and (ii) the Company Board (or appropriate committee thereof) has taken all steps reasonably necessary to cause such treatment to occur. Each Option and each Company RSU was validly issued and properly approved by the Company Board (or appropriate committee thereof) in accordance with the applicable Company Stock Plan or as an “inducement grant” pursuant to the rules of the NYSE, and each Option has an exercise price equal to or greater than the fair market value of a share of Company Common Stock on the date such Option was granted.
Section 3.3 Authority; Noncontravention.
(a) The Company has all necessary corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and, subject to obtaining the Company Stockholder Approval, to perform its obligations hereunder and to consummate the Transactions. The execution and delivery of and performance by the Company under this Agreement, and the consummation of the Transactions, have been duly authorized and approved by the Company Board, and except for obtaining the Company Stockholder Approval, no other corporate action on the part of the
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Company is necessary to authorize the execution and delivery of and performance by the Company under this Agreement and the consummation by it of the Transactions. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Company and, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery hereof by the other parties hereto, constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except that such enforceability (i) may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and other similar laws of general application affecting or relating to the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and (ii) is subject to general principles of equity, whether considered in a proceeding at law or in equity (the “Bankruptcy and Equity Exception”).
(b) Neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company, nor the consummation by the Company of the Transactions, nor compliance by the Company with any of the terms or provisions of this Agreement, will (i) assuming the Company Stockholder Approval is obtained, conflict with or violate any provision of the Company Charter Documents, (ii) assuming that each of the consents, authorizations and approvals referred to in Section 3.4 and the Company Stockholder Approval are obtained (and any condition precedent to any such consent, authorization or approval has been satisfied) and each of the filings referred to in Section 3.4 are made and any applicable waiting periods referred to therein have expired, violate any Law applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (iii) result in any breach of, or constitute a default (with or without notice or lapse of time, or both) under, or give rise to any right of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, any Contract to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party, or result in the creation of a Lien, other than any Permitted Lien, upon any of the properties or assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, except, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii), as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect or a Company Impairment Effect.
(c) The Company Board, at a meeting duly called and held, has (i) determined that it is fair to and in the best interest of the Company and the holders of shares of Company Common Stock, and declared it advisable, that the Company enter into this Agreement and consummate the Transactions, including the Mergers; (ii) adopted this Agreement and approved the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the Transactions, including the Mergers; (iii) resolved to recommend that the holders of shares of Company Common Stock adopt this Agreement (the “Company Board Recommendation”); and (iv) directed that this Agreement be submitted to the holders of shares of Company Common Stock for adoption.
Section 3.4 Governmental Approvals. Except for (a) the filing with the SEC of a proxy statement relating to the matters to be submitted to the holders of Company Common Stock at the Company Stockholders Meeting (as amended or supplemented from time to time, the “Proxy Statement/Prospectus”) and of Parent’s registration statement on Form F-4 (the “Form F-4”) in which the Proxy Statement/Prospectus will be included as a prospectus, and declaration of effectiveness of the Form F-4 by the SEC, and other filings required under, and compliance with other applicable requirements of, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) and the rules of the NYSE and the filings with, approvals by and compliance with the Laws described in clauses (b) through (h) of Section 4.4, (b) the filing of the Certificates of Merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware pursuant to the DGCL, (c) filings required under, and compliance with other applicable requirements of, the HSR Act, (d) approvals, notices or filings required under, and compliance with other applicable requirements of, any applicable non-U.S. Laws intended to prohibit, restrict or regulate actions or transactions having the purpose or effect of monopolization, restraint of trade or harm to competition through merger or acquisition or effectuating foreign investment (collectively, “Foreign Antitrust Laws”), (e) compliance with any applicable state securities or blue sky laws and (f) any other actions or filings required solely by reason of the participation of Parent, Merger Sub or Merger Sub II (as opposed to any Person, other than the Company, Parent, Merger Sub, Merger Sub II or any of their respective affiliates), no consents or approvals of, or notices to or filings, declarations or registrations with, any Governmental Authority are necessary for the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company and the consummation by the Company of the Transactions, other than as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect or Company Impairment Effect.
Section 3.5 Company SEC Documents; Undisclosed Liabilities.
(a) The Company has filed with or furnished to the SEC, on a timely basis, all registration statements, reports and proxy statements with the SEC required to be filed or furnished since January 1, 2018 (collectively, and in each case including all exhibits and schedules thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein, as such statements and reports may have been amended since the date of their filing and prior
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to the date of this Agreement, the “Company SEC Documents”). As of their respective effective dates (in the case of Company SEC Documents that are registration statements filed pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act) and as of their respective filing dates (in the case of all other Company SEC Documents), or if amended prior to the date of this Agreement, as of the last such amendment filed prior to the date of this Agreement, the Company SEC Documents complied in all material respects with the requirements of the Exchange Act, the Securities Act and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), as the case may be, and the rules and regulations of the SEC thereunder, applicable to such Company SEC Documents, and none of the Company SEC Documents as of such respective dates (and, if amended, the date of the filing of such amendment, with respect to the disclosures that are amended) contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. As of the date hereof, (i) there are no outstanding or unresolved comments in comment letters received from the SEC or its staff, and (ii) none of the Company’s Subsidiaries is, or has at any time since January 1, 2018 been, subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) promulgated under the Exchange Act.
(b) Except to the extent updated, amended, restated or corrected by a subsequent Company SEC Document filed prior to the date of this Agreement, as of their respective dates of filing with the SEC, the consolidated financial statements of the Company included in the Company SEC Documents (i) complied as to form in all material respects with all applicable accounting requirements and with the published rules and regulations of the SEC with respect thereto (except, in the case of unaudited statements, as permitted by Form 10-Q of the SEC), (ii) have been prepared in accordance with GAAP applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (except (A) as may be indicated in the notes thereto or (B) as permitted by Regulation S-X) and (iii) present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company and its Subsidiaries, and the consolidated results of their operations and cash flows, as of each of the dates and for the periods shown, in conformity with GAAP.
(c) The Company has established and maintains, and at all times since January 1, 2018 has maintained, (i) a system of internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) promulgated under the Exchange Act) that is sufficient in all material respects to provide reasonable assurance (A) that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP, consistently applied, (B) that transactions are executed only in accordance with the authorization of management and (C) regarding prevention or timely detection of the unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s properties or assets, in each case that could have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements and (ii) disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) promulgated under the Exchange Act) that are reasonably designed to ensure that all material information (both financial and non-financial) required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC and that all such material information required to be disclosed is accumulated and communicated to the management of the Company, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure and to enable the chief executive officer and chief financial officer of the Company to make the certifications required under the Exchange Act with respect to such reports. Since January 1, 2018, none of the Company, the Company Board, the audit committee of the Company Board or, to the Knowledge of the Company, the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, has identified or been made aware of any (i) “significant deficiency” or “material weakness” in the design or operation of the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting, in each case which has not been subsequently remediated, or (ii) fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees of the Company who have a significant role in the internal controls over financial reporting of the Company.
(d) The Company is, and since January 1, 2018 has been, in compliance in all material respects with the applicable listing and corporate governance rules and regulations of the NYSE.
(e) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to, or has any commitment to become a party to, any joint venture, off-balance sheet partnership or any similar Contract or any “off-balance sheet arrangements” (as defined in Item 303(a) of Regulation S-K promulgated under the Exchange Act), where the result, purpose or intended effect of such Contract or arrangement is to avoid disclosure of any material transaction involving, or material liabilities of, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in the Company’s published financial statements or other Company SEC Documents.
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(f) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has any liabilities which would be required to be reflected or reserved against on a consolidated balance sheet of the Company prepared in accordance with GAAP or the notes thereto, except for liabilities (i) reflected or reserved against on the balance sheet of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2019 (the “Balance Sheet Date”) (including the notes thereto) included in the Filed Company SEC Documents, (ii) incurred after the Balance Sheet Date in the Ordinary Course of Business, (iii) as contemplated by this Agreement or otherwise arising in connection with the Transactions and which do not arise out of a breach by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of any representations or warranties made or covenants under this Agreement or (iv) as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
Section 3.6 Absence of Certain Changes.
(a) Since the Balance Sheet Date through the date of this Agreement, (i) except for the execution and performance of this Agreement and the discussions, negotiations and transactions related thereto and to any transaction of the type contemplated by this Agreement, the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries has been conducted in all material respects in the Ordinary Course of Business, and (ii) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has taken any action that, if taken from the date of this Agreement through the First Effective Time without the prior written consent of Parent, would constitute a breach of clause (iii), (iv), (ix), (x) or (xii) of Section 5.1(a).
(b) Since the Balance Sheet Date through the date of this Agreement, there has not been any Company Material Adverse Effect.
Section 3.7 Legal Proceedings. Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect or a Company Impairment Effect, (a) there is no, and since January 1, 2018 there has been no, pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened, legal, judicial or administrative proceeding, suit, investigation, arbitration or action (an “Action”) against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and (b) there is not, and since January 1, 2018 there has not been, any outstanding injunction, order, judgment, ruling, writ or decree imposed upon the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, in each case, by or before any Governmental Authority.
Section 3.8 Compliance With Laws; Permits.
(a) The Company and its Subsidiaries are, and since January 1, 2018 have been, in compliance with all laws, statutes, ordinances, codes, rules, regulations, decrees judgments, injunctions and orders of Governmental Authorities (collectively, “Laws”) applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, except for instances of non-compliance that would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect or a Company Impairment Effect. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries hold, and are in compliance with, all licenses, franchises, permits, certificates, approvals and authorizations from Governmental Authorities required by Law for the conduct of their respective businesses as they are now being conducted (collectively, “Company Permits”) and all such Company Permits are valid and in full force and effect, except, in each case, as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(b) To the Knowledge of the Company, since January 1, 2018, the Company and its Subsidiaries (i) have been in compliance in all material respects with all applicable sanctions, export control and import Laws; and (ii) have not engaged in any conduct that is sanctionable under applicable sanctions, or export control Laws.
Section 3.9 Tax Matters.
(a) Except for those matters that would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect:
(i) each of the Company and its Subsidiaries has timely filed, or has caused to be timely filed on its behalf (taking into account any extension of time within which to file), all Tax Returns required to be filed by it, and all such filed Tax Returns are true, correct and complete;
(ii) the Company and its Subsidiaries have paid all Taxes due and owing by any of them, including any Taxes required to be withheld from amounts owing to any employee, creditor or third party (in each case, whether or not shown on any Tax Return);
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(iii) no deficiency with respect to Taxes has been proposed, asserted or assessed against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries which has not been fully paid or adequately reserved against in the balance sheets included in the Company SEC Documents;
(iv) no audit or other administrative or court proceedings are pending with any Governmental Authority with respect to Taxes of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and no written notice thereof has been received;
(v) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has constituted a “distributing corporation” or a “controlled corporation” (within the meaning of Section 355(a)(1)(A) of the Code) in a distribution of stock intended to qualify in whole or in part for tax-free treatment under Section 355 of the Code or so much of Section 356 as relates to Section 355 (or any similar provisions of state, local, or non-U.S. Law);
(vi) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has extended or waived (nor granted any extension or waiver of) the limitation period for the assessment or collection of any Tax that remains in effect;
(vii) none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any Tax allocation, sharing, indemnity, or reimbursement agreement or arrangement (other than any customary Tax indemnification provisions in ordinary course commercial agreements or arrangements that are not primarily related to Taxes or agreements or arrangements exclusively between or among the Company and its wholly owned Subsidiaries) or has any liability for Taxes of any Person (other than the Company or any of its wholly owned Subsidiaries) by reason of Contract, assumption, operation of Law, Treasury Regulations Section 1.1502-6 (or any similar provision of state, local, or non-U.S. Law), or transferee or successor liability;
(viii) there are no Liens for Taxes upon any property or assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, except for Permitted Liens; and
(ix) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has participated in any “listed transaction” within the meaning of U.S. Treasury Regulations Section 1.6011-4(b)(2).
(b) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries (i) has taken or agreed to take any action, or is aware of any facts or circumstances, in each case, that would reasonably be expected to prevent or impede the Mergers from qualifying for the Intended Tax Treatment or (ii) is aware of any reason that the Company could not provide, to outside counsel pursuant to Section 5.17(b), representations and warranties of the sort customarily provided by a target company as the basis for a legal opinion (A) that a transaction qualifies as a reorganization under Section 368(a)(1)(A) and Section 368(a)(2)(D) of the Code and (B) that such transaction will not result in gain being recognized under Section 367(a)(1) of the Code (other than for any stockholder that would be a “five-percent transferee shareholder” (within the meaning of United States Treasury Regulations Section 1.367(a)-3(c)(5)(ii)) of the controlling corporation following the transaction that does not enter into a five-year gain recognition agreement pursuant to United States Treasury Regulations Section 1.367(a)-8(c)).
(c) For purposes of this Agreement: (i) “Taxes” shall mean all U.S. and non-U.S. federal, state or local taxes, charges, fees, imposts, levies or other assessments, including all net income, gross receipts, capital, sales, use, ad valorem, value added, transfer, franchise, profits, inventory, capital stock, license, withholding, payroll, employment, social security, unemployment, excise, severance, stamp, occupation, property and estimated taxes, customs duties, fees, assessments and charges, in each case in the nature of a tax and together with all interest, penalties, fines, additions to tax or additional amounts imposed by any Governmental Authority in connection with any of the foregoing and (ii) “Tax Return” shall mean any return, report, claim for refund, estimate, information return or statement or other similar document required to be filed with any Governmental Authority with respect to Taxes, including any schedule or attachment thereto, and including any amendment thereof.
Section 3.10 Employee Benefits Matters.
(a) The Company has made available to Parent correct and complete copies of (i) each material Company Plan (or, if unwritten, a written summary thereof), and all amendments thereto, (ii) the most recent annual reports on Form 5500 required to be filed with the IRS with respect to each material Company Plan (if any such report was required), (iii) the most recent summary plan description for each material Company Plan
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for which such summary plan description is required and (iv) where applicable, each trust agreement and insurance or group annuity contract relating to each material Company Plan. The Company shall provide a list of each material Company Plan within thirty (30) days after the date of the Agreement.
(b) Each Company Plan and each related trust agreement and insurance or group annuity contract has been administered in compliance with its terms and in compliance with the applicable provisions of ERISA, the Code and all other applicable Laws, and the Company and each of its Subsidiaries is in compliance, and since January 1, 2018 has complied, with ERISA, the Code and all other Laws applicable to any compensation and benefit plans, programs, agreements and arrangements, including the Company Plans, in each case, except where such noncompliance would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(c) (i) There are no current, pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened claims (other than claims for benefits in the ordinary course), disputes, complaints or investigations by or on behalf of any participant in any of the Company Plans, or otherwise involving any Company Plan or the assets of any Company Plan and (ii) no audit or other proceeding by any Governmental Authority is pending, or to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened with respect to any Company Plans, in each case, that would, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(d) All Company Plans that are “employee pension benefit plans” (as defined in Section 3(2) of ERISA) that are intended to be tax qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code (each, a “Company Pension Plan”) have received a favorable determination or prototype opinion letter from the IRS or the Company has filed a timely application therefor and, to the Knowledge of the Company, no circumstances exist that are likely to adversely impact the qualification of any such plan under Section 401(a) of the Code. The Company has made available to Parent a correct and complete copy of the most recent determination or prototype opinion letter received with respect to each Company Pension Plan, as well as a correct and complete copy of each pending application for a determination letter, if any.
(e) None of the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective ERISA Affiliates contributes to, sponsors, maintains or has any liability with respect to, or within the last six years, has contributed to, sponsored, maintained or has had any liability with respect to, any “multiemployer plan” (as defined in Section 3(37) of ERISA) (a “Multiemployer Plan”), any plan that is subject to Section 302 or Title IV of ERISA or Section 412 of the Code or any “multiple employer plan” (within the meaning of Section 4063 of ERISA or 4064 of ERISA).
(f) None of the Company Plans provide material post-termination health or welfare benefits except as may be required by Section 4980B of the Code and Section 601 of ERISA or any other applicable Law or at the sole expense of the participant or the participant’s beneficiary.
(g) Neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement nor the consummation of the Transactions will, either alone or in combination with another event, except as expressly provided in this Agreement, (i) entitle any current or former director, employee or individual consultant or independent contractor of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to severance pay, unemployment compensation or any other payment or benefit, (ii) accelerate the time of payment or vesting, increase the amount of compensation due or payable or level of benefits to be provided, or trigger any other material obligation under any Company Plan, (iii) result in any breach or violation of, default under or limit the Company’s right to amend, modify or terminate any Company Plan or (iv) result in any payment that would reasonably be expected to be considered an “excess parachute payment” within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has any indemnity, gross up or any other obligation to reimburse any individual for any Taxes imposed under Section 4999 or 409A of the Code or similar Laws.
Section 3.11 Labor Matters.
(a) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is or has been a party to, or bound by, any collective bargaining agreement or other Contract with a labor union. Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, with respect to employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and the Drivers: (i) there are no, and since January 1, 2018 there have been no, labor related strikes, slowdowns, concerted work stoppages, walkouts, lockouts or other labor disputes pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened; (ii) to the Knowledge of the Company, there is no
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pending union organizing campaign and no labor union has made a petition or written demand for recognition or certification; and (iii) each of the Company and its Subsidiaries is, and since January 1, 2018 has been, in compliance with all applicable Laws regarding labor, employment and employment practices.
(b) Since January 1, 2018 through the date hereof, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received, been involved in or been subject to any complaints, claims or Actions relating to sexual harassment involving any executive employee.
(c) Other than for terminations of employment in the Ordinary Course of Business or for cause, the Company has not announced, and is not currently planning or anticipating, any material layoffs, terminations, furloughs, reductions in compensation or benefits or other material cost-saving measures affecting any material group of employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any material group of Drivers.
Section 3.12 Environmental Matters. Except for those matters that would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, (a) the Company and each of its Subsidiaries is, and since January 1, 2018 has been, in compliance with all applicable Environmental Laws, and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any written notice, demand, claim or request for information since January 1, 2018 or that otherwise remains unresolved alleging that the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is in violation of or has any liability under any Environmental Law, (b) the Company and each of its Subsidiaries holds, and is, and since January 1, 2018 has been, in compliance with, all Company Permits required under applicable Environmental Laws for the operation of their respective businesses (“Company Environmental Permits”), (c) there is no, and since January 1, 2018 there has been no, Action relating to or arising under any applicable Environmental Law or Company Environmental Permit that is pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has assumed or retained by Contract or operation of Law any liabilities that would reasonably be expected to result in any such Action and (d) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has entered into or otherwise become subject to any order, settlement, judgment, injunction or decree involving any uncompleted, outstanding or unresolved liabilities or corrective or remedial obligations on the part of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries relating to or arising under any Environmental Laws.
Section 3.13 Intellectual Property.
(a) Section 3.13(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a complete and correct list of all material (i) issued patents and pending patent applications; (ii) registered trademarks and pending applications for registration of trademarks, (iii) registered copyrights and pending applications for registration of copyrights, and (iv) internet domain names and social media accounts, in each case that are included in Company Owned IP (indicating for each, as applicable, the owner(s), jurisdiction and, as applicable, the application or registration number and date of filing).
(b) (i) The Company and its Subsidiaries are the sole and exclusive owners of all right, title and interest in and to the Company Owned IP and hold all of their right, title and interest in and to all of the Company Owned IP free and clear of all Liens other than Permitted Liens, (ii) the Company Owned IP and Company Licensed IP include all of the Intellectual Property reasonably necessary to, or used or held for use in the conduct of the respective businesses of the Company and its Subsidiaries as currently conducted and the Company and its Subsidiaries own or have sufficient rights to use and practice all such Intellectual Property, (iii) to the Knowledge of the Company, there exist no material restrictions on the use of any of the Company Owned IP, (iv) since January 1, 2018, no material Company Owned IP has been abandoned or been adjudged to be invalid or unenforceable and (v) all Company Owned IP is subsisting, and to the Knowledge of the Company, none of the Company Owned IP is invalid or unenforceable.
(c) Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, (i) the conduct of the respective businesses of the Company and its Subsidiaries is not, and since January 1, 2018 has not been, infringing, misappropriating or otherwise violating any Person’s Intellectual Property and there is no, and since January 1, 2018 there has been no, claim of such infringement, misappropriation or other violation pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and (ii) to the Knowledge of the Company, (A) no Person is infringing, misappropriating or otherwise violating any Intellectual Property owned by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and (B) no claims of such infringement, misappropriation or other violation are pending or
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threatened against any Person by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and (iii) there is no claim pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries challenging the ownership, use, validity or enforceability of any Company Owned IP.
(d) (i) The Company and its Subsidiaries have provided reasonable notice of their privacy and personal data collection and use policies on their websites or at other points of collection, as applicable, and the Company and its Subsidiaries and, to the Knowledge of the Company, the Company’s contractors and licensors of the Company Licensed IP, have complied in all material respects with such policies and all applicable Laws relating to the collection, use, storage, processing or disclosure of any personally-identifiable information and other data or information collected, used, stored, processed or disclosed by or on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (ii) there is no claim pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries alleging any violation of such policies or applicable Laws, (iii) to the Knowledge of the Company, there has been no action or circumstance requiring the Company or its Subsidiaries to notify a Governmental Authority or other Person of a data security breach or violation of the Laws referred to in this Section 3.13(d) nor has the Company or any of its Subsidiaries made any such notification, (iv) neither this Agreement nor the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby will violate any such policy or applicable Laws in any material respect, and (v) the Company and its Subsidiaries have taken reasonable steps consistent with industry practices to protect the types of information referred to in this Section 3.13(d) against any material loss and unauthorized access, use, modification, disclosure or other misuse, and, to the Knowledge of the Company there has been no material unauthorized access, use, modification, disclosure or other misuse of such data or information.
(e) The Company and its Subsidiaries take and have taken reasonable steps consistent with industry practices to maintain, preserve and protect the confidentiality of and their respective proprietary interests in all material confidential Company Owned IP and other material confidential information used by the Company or its Subsidiaries, and to the Knowledge of the Company, since January 1, 2018, there has been no material unauthorized access, use, modification, disclosure or other misuse of such data or information.
(f) Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, (i) the IT Assets used by or on behalf of the Company or its Subsidiaries in the conduct of their respective businesses (the “Company IT Assets”) operate substantially in accordance with their specifications and related documentation and perform in a manner that permits the Company and its Subsidiaries to conduct their respective businesses as currently conducted, (ii) the Company and its Subsidiaries take commercially reasonable actions, consistent with current industry standards, to (A) preserve and maintain the continuous operation and performance of the Company IT Assets, and (B) protect the confidentiality, integrity and security of the Company IT Assets (and all data and other information and transactions stored or contained therein or processed or transmitted thereby) against any unauthorized use, access, interruption, modification or corruption, including the implementation of commercially reasonable data backup, disaster avoidance and recovery procedures and business continuity procedures, (iii) there has been no unauthorized use or access or security breaches, or failure, crash, interruption, modification, loss or corruption of any of the Company IT Assets (or any data or other information or transactions stored or contained therein or processed or transmitted thereby), and (iv) to the Knowledge of the Company, none of the Company IT Assets, products or services of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries used or held for use in the conduct of the respective businesses of the Company and its Subsidiaries as currently conducted, contains any “back door”, “drop dead device”, “time bomb”, “Trojan horse”, “virus” or “worm” (as such terms are commonly understood in the software industry) or any other code designed or intended to have any of the following functions: (A) disrupting, disabling, harming or otherwise impeding in any manner the operation of, or providing unauthorized access to, a computer system or network or other device on which such code is stored or installed or (B) damaging or destroying any data or file without the user’s consent.
(g) Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, each current and former employee and consultant of the Company and its Subsidiaries who contributed to the production or development of any Company Owned IP in any material respect agreed that his or her contribution is work-made for-hire pursuant to a valid written agreement or has otherwise assigned such Intellectual Property rights to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries by operation of Law. To the Knowledge of the Company, no current or former employee or contractor of the Company or its Subsidiaries has any claim, right or interest to or in any material Company Owned IP.
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(h) To the Knowledge of the Company, no Software code or data library is present in any material Software contained within or used in connection with any material Company Owned IP that is licensed as freeware, shareware, open source software or under similar licensing models that (i) requires or conditions the use or distribution of any material Software that is Company Owned IP, as used or distributed in the conduct of the respective businesses of the Company and its Subsidiaries as currently conducted on the disclosure, licensing or distribution of any source code for any portion of such Software that is Company Owned IP at no additional charge, (ii) prohibits or limits the receipt of consideration in connection with sublicensing or distributing any material Software that is Company Owned IP, (iii) requires (or conditions the use or distribution of such Software on) the granting (A) to third parties of the right to make derivative works or other modifications to such Software that is Company Owned IP or portions thereof or (B) of a license under the Company Owned IP, or (iv) limits or prohibits the receipt of consideration in connection with licensing, sublicensing or distributing any material Company Owned IP.
Section 3.14 Anti-Takeover Provisions. Assuming the accuracy of the representations and warranties set forth in Section 4.18, the Company has taken all action (including action of the Company Board) necessary to render inapplicable to this Agreement and the Transactions any “moratorium,” “control share acquisition,” “fair price,” “interested shareholder,” “affiliate transaction,” “business combination” or other antitakeover Laws, including Section 203 of the DGCL. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to, subject to or otherwise bound by a stockholder rights agreement, “poison pill” or similar anti-takeover agreement or plan.
Section 3.15 Property. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary of the Company owns any real property. Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company has valid leasehold interests in all of the Company Leased Real Property, free and clear of all Liens (except in all cases for Permitted Liens). Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect and except as may be limited by the Bankruptcy and Equity Exception, all Company Leases under which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries lease the Company Leased Real Property are valid and in full force and effect against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and, to the Knowledge of the Company, the counterparties thereto, in accordance with their respective terms, and there is not under any of such Company Leases, any existing breach or default by the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or, to the Knowledge of the Company, any other party to the Company Leases which, with notice or lapse of time or both, would become a breach or default or permit the termination, modification or acceleration of rent under such Company Lease.
Section 3.16 Contracts.
(a) As of the date of this Agreement, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to or bound by any Contract:
(i) required to be filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K pursuant to Item 601(b)(2), (4), (9) or (10) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act, other than any Company Plans;
(ii) constituting or relating to the formation, operation, management or control of any material partnership, joint venture, collaboration or limited liability company agreement (other than any such agreement solely between or among the Company and any of its wholly owned Subsidiaries);
(iii) relating to Indebtedness, whether incurred, assumed, guaranteed or secured by any asset, with a principal amount (including the amount of any undrawn but available commitments thereunder) in excess of $15,000,000;
(iv) (A) pursuant to which the Company or any of the Company’s Subsidiaries is a party and licenses material Intellectual Property to or from any third Person (including covenants not to sue and similar agreements), or (B) that is a consent, concurrent use, settlement, or other similar agreement with respect to any material Intellectual Property, or (C) is a co-development, development or other similar agreement with respect to any material Intellectual Property (in each case other than (1) non-exclusive license agreements, customer agreements, or reseller or distribution agreements entered into in the Ordinary Course of Business and (2) unmodified, generally commercially available “off-the-shelf” software that provided for a payment (whether as a fee for the license, a subscription, or for maintenance) by the Company of less than $1,000,000 during the year ended December 31, 2019);
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(v) with any Governmental Authority;
(vi) containing any of the following provisions, in each case that (x) is material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (y) after the Second Effective Time would be binding on Parent or any of its Subsidiaries (other than the Company and its Subsidiaries): (A) any covenant that materially limits the ability of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to engage in any line of business, to solicit any material potential customer, to compete with any Person or operate at any geographic location, (B) any provision granting “most favored nation” protections with respect to pricing to the counterparty to such Contract, (C) any provision requiring the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to deal exclusively with any Person or group of related Persons or (D) any standstill or similar provision pursuant to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has agreed not to acquire assets or securities of another Person;
(vii) containing a put, call, right of first refusal or similar right pursuant to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries could be required to purchase or sell, as applicable, any (A) equity interests of any Person or (B) assets (excluding ordinary course commitments to purchase goods, products and off-the-shelf Intellectual Property) for an amount in excess, in the aggregate, of $15,000,000;
(viii) (A) relating to the acquisition or disposition, directly or indirectly (by merger or otherwise), of assets or capital stock or other equity interests of any Person for aggregate consideration in excess of $15,000,000 or pursuant to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has continuing “earn out” or other similar contingent payment obligations after the date hereof in excess of $15,000,000; or (B) that gives any Person the right to acquire any assets of the Company or its Subsidiaries (excluding ordinary course commitments to purchase goods, products and off-the-shelf Intellectual Property) after the date hereof with a total consideration of more than $15,000,000;
(ix) requiring any capital commitment or capital expenditure by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in an amount in excess of $5,000,000 individually or $15,000,000 in the aggregate other than (A) non-cash, capitalized software and development costs or (B) as set forth in the Company’s budget made available to Parent;
(x) that is a lease, sublease, license, concession or other agreement (written or oral) with an annual base rent of at least $2,500,000 pursuant to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries holds any Company Leased Real Property, including the right to all security deposits and other amounts and instruments deposited by or on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries thereunder (a “Company Lease”);
(xi) that is a stockholders, investors rights, registration rights, or relationship agreement or similar arrangement or agreement with any stockholder of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries; or
(xii) that is a Contract not of a type (disregarding any dollar thresholds, materiality or other qualifiers, restrictions or other limitations applied to such Contract type) described in the foregoing clauses (i) through (xi) and that has or would reasonably be expected to, either pursuant to its own terms or together with the terms of any related Contracts, involve net payments or receipts in excess of $5,000,000 in any year; (the Contracts of the type described in clauses (i) through (xii) above being referred to herein as “Company Material Contracts”).
(b) The Company has made available a complete and correct copy of each Company Material Contract, as amended as of the date of this Agreement. Except with respect to any Contract that has previously expired in accordance with its terms, been terminated, restated or replaced, (i) each Company Material Contract (and each Contract entered into after the date of this Agreement that would have been a Company Material Contract if such Contract had been in effect as of the date of this Agreement) is valid and binding on the Company and any of its Subsidiaries to the extent such Person is a party thereto, as applicable, and to the Knowledge of the Company, each other party thereto, and is in full force and effect, except where the failure to be valid, binding or in full force and effect would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect and except as may be limited by the Bankruptcy and Equity Exception, (ii) the Company and each of its Subsidiaries, and, to the Knowledge of the Company, any other party thereto, has performed all obligations required to be performed by it under each Company Material Contract (and each Contract entered into after the date of this Agreement that would have been a Company Material Contract if such Contract had been in effect as of the date of this Agreement), except where such nonperformance would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, (iii) neither
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the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received written notice of the existence of any breach or default on the part of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries under any Company Material Contract (and each Contract entered into after the date of this Agreement that would have been a Company Material Contract if such Contract had been in effect as of the date of this Agreement), except where such default would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect and (iv) to the Knowledge of the Company, there are no events or conditions which constitute, or, after notice or lapse of time or both, will constitute a default on the part of any counterparty under any Company Material Contract (and each Contract entered into after the date of this Agreement that would have been a Company Material Contract if such Contract had been in effect as of the date of this Agreement), except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.
Section 3.17 Insurance. Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect, (a) the Company and its Subsidiaries own or hold policies of insurance, or are self-insured, in amounts providing reasonably adequate coverage against all risks customarily insured against by companies in similar lines of business as the Company and its Subsidiaries, (b) all such insurance policies are in full force and effect except for any expiration thereof in accordance with the terms thereof, no written notice of cancelation or modification has been received other than in connection with ordinary renewals, and there is no existing default or event which, with the giving of notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute a default, by any insured thereunder and (c) there are no pending claims under any such insurance policies to which the insurers have denied or disputed (in writing) coverage or have threatened in writing to deny or dispute coverage, other than reservation of rights letters issued by insurers in the Ordinary Course of Business.
Section 3.18 Opinion of Financial Advisor. The Company Board has received the opinion of Evercore Group L.L.C., dated as of the date of this Agreement, to the effect that, as of such date, and subject to the various assumptions and qualifications set forth therein, the Exchange Ratio pursuant to this Agreement is fair from a financial point of view to the holders of Company Common Stock, other than Excluded Shares. After the execution of this Agreement, the Company will furnish to Parent, solely for informational purposes, a complete and correct written copy of such opinion.
Section 3.19 Brokers and Other Advisors. Except for Evercore Group L.L.C., no broker, investment banker, financial advisor or other Person is entitled to any broker’s, finder’s, financial advisor’s or other similar fee, in connection with the Transactions based upon arrangements made by or on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
Section 3.20 Company Stockholder Approval. The adoption of this Agreement by the affirmative vote (in person or by proxy) of the holders of a majority of all of the outstanding shares of Company Common Stock entitled to vote thereon at the Company Stockholders Meeting (the “Company Stockholder Approval”) is the only vote or approval of the holders of any class or series of capital stock of the Company necessary to adopt this Agreement and approve the Transactions.
Section 3.21 Disclosure Documents. The information relating to the Company and its Subsidiaries that is provided by the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective Representatives for inclusion or incorporation by reference in the Form F-4 or the Proxy Statement/Prospectus will not (a) in the case of the Form F-4, at the time the Form F-4 or any amendment or supplement thereto becomes effective and at the time of the Company Stockholders Meeting, and (b) in the case of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus, at the time the Proxy Statement/Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto is first mailed to the stockholders of the Company and at the time of the Company Stockholders Meeting, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The information relating to the Company, its Subsidiaries and their respective Representatives that is provided by the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective Representatives for inclusion or incorporation by reference in the Parent Circulars or the Parent Prospectus or any amendments or supplements thereto will not, at the time each Parent Circular or the Parent Prospectus is first published, at the time of any amendment or supplement of any Parent Circular or the Parent Prospectus and at the time of the Parent Shareholders Meeting, contain any information which is not in accordance with the facts or which omits anything likely to affect the import of such information. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 3.21, no representation or warranty is made by the
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Company with respect to information or statements made or incorporated by reference in the Form F-4, the Proxy Statement/Prospectus, any Parent Circular or the Parent Prospectus or any amendments or supplements thereto which were not supplied by or on behalf of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
Section 3.22 Anti-Corruption. Since January 1, 2016, none of the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their members, directors, officers, agents or other representatives acting on their behalf has taken or failed to take any action in violation of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, any rules or regulations thereunder or any other applicable anti-corruption or anti-kickback Law (“Anti-Corruption Laws”), including: (a) making, offering or promising, soliciting, accepting, or authorizing any payment, contribution, gift, gratuities, entertainment, travel or hospitality expenses, employment opportunities, directly or indirectly, money or anything of value (whether or not in tangible form) to any person, for the purpose of corruptly influencing an act or decision, inducing the doing or omission of any act in violation of a lawful duty, or securing an improper advantage, or the receipt of a corrupt payment or of anything of value under such circumstances; (b) using any corporate funds for any illegal contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses relating to political activity; (c) establishing or maintaining any unlawful fund of corporate monies or other properties; or (d) making of any bribe, unlawful rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback or other unlawful payment of any nature.
Section 3.23 Related Party Transactions. Except for employment-related Contracts and Company Plans or as otherwise set forth in the Filed Company SEC Documents, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party or is otherwise bound by a Contract, arrangement or other transaction that would be required to be disclosed pursuant to Item 404 of Regulation S-K promulgated by the SEC in the Company’s Form 10-K or proxy statement pertaining to an annual meeting of shareholders (each, a “Company Related Party Transaction”).
Section 3.24 No Other Representations or Warranties. Except for the representations and warranties made by the Company in this Article III (as qualified by the applicable items disclosed in the Company Disclosure Schedule in accordance with the introduction to this Article III), neither the Company nor any other Person makes or has made any representation or warranty, expressed or implied, at law or in equity, with respect to or on behalf of the Company or its Subsidiaries, their businesses, operations, assets, liabilities, financial condition, results of operations, future operating or financial results, estimates, projections, forecasts, plans or prospects (including the reasonableness of the assumptions underlying such estimates, projections, forecasts, plans or prospects) or the accuracy or completeness of any information regarding the Company or its Subsidiaries or any other matter furnished or provided to Parent, Merger Sub or Merger Sub II or made available to Parent, Merger Sub or Merger Sub II in any “data rooms,” “virtual data rooms,” management presentations or in any other form in expectation of, or in connection with, this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby. The Company and its Subsidiaries disclaim any other representations or warranties, whether made by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective Affiliates or Representatives. The Company acknowledges and agrees that, except for the representations and warranties made by Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II in Article IV (as qualified by the applicable items disclosed in the Parent Disclosure Schedule in accordance with the introduction to Article IV), none of Parent, Merger Sub, Merger Sub II or any other Person is making or has made any representations or warranty, expressed or implied, at law or in equity, with respect to or on behalf of Parent, Merger Sub, Merger Sub II or their respective Subsidiaries, their businesses, operations, assets, liabilities, financial condition, results of operations, future operating or financial results, estimates, projections, forecasts, plans or prospects (including the reasonableness of the assumptions underlying such estimates, projections, forecasts, plans or prospects) or the accuracy or completeness of any information regarding Parent, Merger Sub, Merger Sub II or their respective Subsidiaries or any other matter furnished or provided to the Company or made available to the Company in any “data rooms,” “virtual data rooms,” management presentations or in any other form in expectation of, or in connection with, this Agreement, or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby. The Company specifically disclaims that it is relying upon or has relied upon any such other representations or warranties that may have been made by any Person, and acknowledges and agrees that Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II and their Affiliates have specifically disclaimed and do hereby specifically disclaim any such other representations and warranties.
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ARTICLE IV

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT,
MERGER SUB AND MERGER SUB II
Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II jointly and severally represent and warrant to the Company that, except as disclosed in the corresponding section of the disclosure schedule delivered by Parent to the Company simultaneously with the execution of this Agreement (the “Parent Disclosure Schedule”), it being understood and agreed that any information set forth in one section or subsection of the Parent Disclosure Schedule shall be deemed to apply to each other section and subsection of this Agreement to which the applicability of such information is reasonably apparent on its face, or as set forth in (or incorporated by reference in) any of the Parent Public Reports (other than any risk factor disclosure contained in the “Risk Factors” section thereof or other cautionary, predictive or forward-looking statements therein) filed on or after January 1, 2018 and prior to the date of this Agreement (the “Filed Parent Public Documents”):
Section 4.1 Organization, Standing and Corporate Power.
(a) (i) Parent is a public company with limited liability (naamloze vennootschap) duly organized, validly existing and in good standing (to the extent such jurisdiction recognizes such concept) under the Laws of the Netherlands and (ii) each of Merger Sub and Merger Sub II is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of the State of Delaware, and each of Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II has all requisite corporate power and authority necessary to own or lease all of its properties and assets and to carry on its business as it is now being conducted, except (other than with respect to Parent’s due organization and valid existence) as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to (A) have a Parent Material Adverse Effect or (B) prevent or materially delay or impair the ability of Parent, Merger Sub or Merger Sub II to consummate the Transactions (this clause (B), a “Parent Impairment Effect”). Each of Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted by it or the character or location of the properties and assets owned or leased by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect.
(b) Each Subsidiary of Parent is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization (in the case of good standing, to the extent such jurisdiction recognizes such concept), except in each case as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect or a Parent Impairment Effect. Each Subsidiary of Parent is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted by it or the character or location of the properties and assets owned or leased by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect. All the outstanding shares of capital stock of, or other equity interests in, each Subsidiary of Parent have been validly issued and are fully paid and, to the extent applicable, nonassessable, and (except for directors’ qualifying shares or the like) are owned directly or indirectly by Parent free and clear of all Liens, except for such transfer restrictions of general applicability as may be provided under the Securities Act and other applicable securities laws.
(c) Parent has made available to the Company complete and correct copies of the articles of incorporation, certificate of incorporation and by-laws or comparable documents of Parent and each Merger Sub, in each case as amended to the date of this Agreement (the “Parent Charter Documents”).
Section 4.2 Capitalization.
(a) The authorized capital stock of Parent amounts to €16,000,000 and is divided into 400,000,000 Parent Ordinary Shares. At the close of business on June 9, 2020 (the “Parent Capitalization Date”), (i) 148,717,702 Parent Ordinary Shares were issued and outstanding, (ii) no Parent Ordinary Shares were held by Parent in its treasury, (iii) 618,577 Parent Ordinary Shares were issuable upon the exercise of outstanding awards under the Parent Stock Plans (assuming achievement of any applicable performance goals at the target level), (iv) 3,595,829 Parent Ordinary Shares were issuable upon conversion of the Parent 2024 Convertible Bonds and (v) 2,463,054 Parent Ordinary Shares were issuable upon conversion of the Parent 2026 Convertible Bonds. All outstanding Parent Ordinary Shares have been duly authorized and validly issued and are
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fully paid, nonassessable and free of preemptive rights. The Parent ADSs to be issued pursuant to this Agreement and the Parent Ordinary Shares underlying such Parent ADSs shall, when issued, be validly issued, fully paid, non-assessable and, in each case, free and clear of any Liens, except for restrictions imposed by applicable securities Laws or the Deposit Agreement, and shall not have been issued in violation of any preemptive rights. The Parent ADSs to be issued pursuant to this Agreement will, when issued to the holders of Shares pursuant to this Agreement, be validly issued against the deposit of the requisite number of underlying Parent Ordinary Shares in accordance with the Deposit Agreement and shall entitle the holders thereof to the rights specified in the Deposit Agreement. Since the Parent Capitalization Date through the date hereof, neither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries has (1) issued any Parent Securities or incurred any obligation to make any payments based on the price or value of any Parent Securities, other than issuances of Parent Ordinary Shares pursuant to the exercise of Parent Options, in each case, outstanding as of the Parent Capitalization Date under the Parent Plans or (2) established a record date for, declared, set aside for payment or paid any dividend on, or made any other distribution in respect of, any shares of Parent’s capital stock.
(b) Except as described in Section 4.2(a), as of the Parent Capitalization Date, there were (i) no shares of capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests in, Parent issued or outstanding, (ii) no outstanding securities of Parent convertible into or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests in, Parent (iii) no outstanding options, warrants, rights or other commitments or agreements to acquire from Parent, or that obligate Parent to issue, any capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests in, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests in, Parent, (iv) no obligations of Parent to grant, extend or enter into any subscription, warrant, right, convertible or exchangeable security or other similar agreement or commitment relating to any capital stock of, or other equity or voting interests in, Parent (the items in clauses (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) being referred to collectively as “Parent Securities”) and (v) no other obligations by Parent or any of its Subsidiaries to make any payments based on the price or value of any Parent Securities.
(c) There are no bonds, debentures, notes or other Indebtedness of Parent having the right to vote (or convertible into, or exchangeable for, securities having the right to vote) on any matters on which shareholders of Parent may vote. There are no outstanding agreements of any kind which obligate Parent or any of its Subsidiaries to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any Parent Securities (other than pursuant to the cashless exercise of Parent Options or the forfeiture or withholding of Taxes with respect to Parent Options), or obligate Parent to grant, extend or enter into any such agreements relating to any Parent Securities, including any agreements granting any preemptive rights, subscription rights, anti-dilutive rights, rights of first refusal or similar rights with respect to any Parent Securities. Neither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any stockholders’ agreement, voting trust agreement, registration rights agreement or other similar agreement or understanding relating to any Parent Securities or any other agreement relating to the disposition, voting or dividends with respect to any Parent Securities.
Section 4.3 Authority; Noncontravention.
(a) Each of Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II has all necessary corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and, subject to obtaining the Parent Shareholder Approval, to perform their respective obligations hereunder and to consummate the Transactions. The execution and delivery of and, subject to obtaining the Parent Shareholder Approval, performance by Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II under this Agreement, and the consummation by Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II of the Transactions, have been duly authorized and approved by all necessary corporate action by Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II (including by the Parent Boards and the board of directors of each Merger Sub) and adopted by Parent as the sole stockholder of each Merger Sub, and except for obtaining the Parent Shareholder Approval, no other corporate action on the part of Parent, Merger Sub or Merger Sub II is necessary to authorize the execution and delivery of and performance by Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II under this Agreement and the consummation by them of the Transactions. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II and, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery hereof by the Company, constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of each of Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II, enforceable against each of them in accordance with its terms, subject to the Bankruptcy and Equity Exception.
(b) Neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement by Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II, nor the consummation by Parent, Merger Sub or Merger Sub II of the Transactions, nor compliance by Parent, Merger Sub or Merger Sub II with any of the terms or provisions of this Agreement, will (i) assuming
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the Parent Shareholder Approval is obtained, conflict with or violate any provision of the Parent Charter Documents, (ii) assuming that each of the consents, authorizations and approvals referred to in Section 4.4 and the Parent Shareholder Approval are obtained (and any condition precedent to any such consent, authorization or approval has been satisfied) and each of the filings referred to in Section 4.4 are made and any applicable waiting periods referred to therein have expired, violate any Law applicable to Parent or any of its Subsidiaries or (iii) result in any breach of, or constitute a default (with or without notice or lapse of time, or both) under, or give rise to any right of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, any Contract to which Parent, Merger Sub, Merger Sub II or any of their respective Subsidiaries is a party, except, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii), as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect or a Parent Impairment Effect.
(c) The Management Board of Parent has, at a meeting duly called and held, (i) determined that it is fair to and in the best interests of Parent and its business enterprise, and declared it advisable, that Parent enter into this Agreement and consummate the Transactions, including the Mergers and the issuance of Parent ADSs and the underlying Parent Ordinary Shares contemplated hereby; (ii) adopted this Agreement and approved the execution, delivery and performance by Parent of this Agreement and the Transactions, including the Mergers and the issuance of Parent ADSs and the underlying Parent Ordinary Shares contemplated hereby, subject to obtaining the Parent Shareholder Approval; and (iii) resolved to recommend that the holders of Parent Ordinary Shares vote in favor of the Transaction Proposals, the Board Nominations and the Pre-Emptive Rights Authorization.
(d) The Supervisory Board of Parent has, at a meeting duly called and held, (i) determined that it is fair to and in the best interests of Parent and its business enterprise, and declared it advisable, that Parent enter into this Agreement and consummate the Transactions, including the Mergers and the issuance of Parent ADSs and the underlying Parent Ordinary Shares, (ii) approved the Parent Management Board Resolutions and (iii) resolved to recommend that the holders of Parent Ordinary Shares vote in favor of the Transaction Proposals, the Board Nominations and the Pre-Emptive Rights Authorization.
Section 4.4 Governmental Approvals. Except for (a) the filing with the SEC of the Form F-4, the Form F-6 and the Form 8-A, and declaration of effectiveness of each of the Form F-4, the Form F-6 and the Form 8-A by the SEC, and other filings required under, and compliance with other applicable requirements of, the Securities Act, the Exchange Act and the rules of the NYSE or the NASDAQ, as applicable, (b) the filing with, and the approval by, the UK Financial Conduct Authority (the “FCA”) of a shareholder circular (the Parent Circular”) relating to the Parent Shareholders Meeting and any supplementary shareholder circular thereto (a “Supplementary Parent Circular”) in accordance with the listing rules made under Part VI of the UK Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 and as contained in the FCA’s publication of the same name (the Listing Rules”), (c) in each case to the extent then applicable, compliance with the Listing Rules, the Prospectus Regulation, the Prospectus Regulation Rules, the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules, the other rules and regulations of the FCA, the Dutch Financial Markets Supervision Act (Wet op het financieel toezicht) (the “FMSA”) and the orders, decrees and regulations promulgated thereunder, the rules and regulations of the Netherlands Authority for the Financial Markets (Autoriteit Financiële Markten) (the “AFM”) and other applicable securities Law, (d) in each case if then applicable, the filing with, and approval by, the AFM and/or the FCA of the Parent Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto, (e) making available the Parent Circulars in accordance with applicable Law, (f) other filings required under, and compliance with other applicable requirements of, the rules of the London Stock Exchange (the “LSE”) or Euronext Amsterdam, (g) compliance with the rules and regulations on regulatory approval requirements from De Nederlandsche Bank set forth in the FMSA, including obtaining a positive assessment from De Nederlandsche Bank of the integrity (betrouwbaarheid) of the Management Board Nominee, (h) submission of a voluntary notice to the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (“CFIUS”) and receipt of CFIUS Approval, (i) the filing of the Certificates of Merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware pursuant to the DGCL, (j) filings required under, and compliance with other applicable requirements of, the HSR Act, (k) approvals, notices or filings required under, and compliance with other applicable requirements of, any applicable Foreign Antitrust Laws and (l) compliance with any applicable state securities or blue sky laws, no consents or approvals of, or notices to or filings, declarations or registrations with, any Governmental Authority are necessary for the execution and delivery of this Agreement by Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II and the consummation by Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II of the Transactions, other than as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect or Parent Impairment Effect.
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Section 4.5 Parent Public Reports; Undisclosed Liabilities.
(a) Parent and its Subsidiaries have filed or published all circulars, notices, prospectuses, resolutions, reports (including annual financial reports and half yearly financial reports) and other documents prepared by Parent or any of its Subsidiaries or predecessors to which (i) the Listing Rules, the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules and the other rules and regulations promulgated by the FCA apply or (ii) Book 2 of the Dutch Civil Code, the Commercial Registers Act 2007 (Handelsregisterwet 2007) and any orders, decrees and regulations promulgated thereunder, the FMSA and any orders, decrees and regulations promulgated thereunder and the other rules and regulations promulgated by the AFM apply, in each case required to be filed or published since January 1, 2018 (collectively, and in each case including all exhibits and schedules thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein, the “Parent Public Reports”). As of their respective publication or filing dates, or if amended prior to the date of this Agreement, as of the last such amendment filed prior to the date of this Agreement, the Parent Public Reports complied in all material respects with the Listing Rules, the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules, Book 2 of the Dutch Civil Code, the Commercial Registers Act 2007 (Handelsregisterwet 2007) and any orders, decrees and regulations promulgated thereunder, the FMSA and any orders, decrees and regulations promulgated thereunder and the other rules and regulations promulgated by the AFM or the FCA applicable to such Parent Public Reports, and none of the Parent Public Reports as of such respective dates (and, if amended, the date of the filing or publication of such amendment, with respect to the disclosures that are amended) contained any information which was not in accordance with the facts or which omitted anything likely to affect the import of such information. As of the date hereof, neither Parent nor any of Parent’s Subsidiaries is, or has at any time since January 1, 2018 been, subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) promulgated under the Exchange Act.
(b) Except to the extent updated, amended, restated or corrected by a subsequent Parent Public Report filed prior to the date of this Agreement, as of their respective publication or filing dates, the consolidated financial statements of Parent included in the Parent Public Reports (i) complied as to form in all material respects with all applicable accounting requirements and applicable Laws with respect thereto, (ii) have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union (“IFRS”) and in conformity with Part 9 of Book 2 of the Dutch Civil Code (except, in the case of unaudited interim financial statements, as permitted by applicable Laws) applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (except as may be indicated in the notes thereto) and (iii) give a true and fair view of the financial position and of the profit, loss, cash flow and changes in equity of Parent and its consolidated Subsidiaries for each of the dates and for the periods shown, in accordance with IFRS and in conformity with Part 9 of Book 2 of the Dutch Civil Code (subject, in the case of unaudited interim financial statements, to normal year-end adjustments).
(c) Parent and its Subsidiaries maintain a system of internal accounting controls sufficient, in all material respects, to provide reasonable assurance that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations, (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with IFRS and in conformity with Part 9 of Book 2 of the Dutch Civil Code and to maintain asset accountability, (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any difference.
(d) Parent is, and since January 1, 2018 has been, in compliance in all material respects with the applicable listing rules and regulations of Euronext Amsterdam. Parent is, and since January 31, 2020 has been, in compliance in all material respects with the applicable Listing Rules, the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules and the other applicable rules and regulations of the FCA.
(e) Neither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries has any liabilities which would be required to be reflected or reserved against on a consolidated balance sheet of Parent prepared in accordance with IFRS and in conformity with Part 9 of Book 2 of the Dutch Civil Code or the notes thereto, except for liabilities (i) reflected or reserved against on the balance sheet of Parent and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of the Balance Sheet Date (including the notes thereto) included in the Filed Parent Public Documents, (ii) incurred after the Balance Sheet Date in the Ordinary Course of Business, (iii) as contemplated by this Agreement or otherwise arising in connection with the Transactions and which do not arise out of a breach by Parent or any of its Subsidiaries of any representations or warranties made or covenants under this Agreement or (iv) as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect.
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Section 4.6 Absence of Certain Changes.
(a) Since the Balance Sheet Date through the date of this Agreement, (i) except for the execution and performance of this Agreement and the discussions, negotiations and transactions related thereto and to any transaction of the type contemplated by this Agreement, the business of Parent and its Subsidiaries has been conducted in all material respects in the Ordinary Course of Business, and (ii) neither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries has taken any action that, if taken from the date of this Agreement through the First Effective Time without the prior written consent of the Company, would constitute a breach of clause (iii), (iv), (vi) or (viii) of Section 5.1(b).
(b) Since the Balance Sheet Date through the date of this Agreement, there has not been any Parent Material Adverse Effect.
Section 4.7 Legal Proceedings. Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect or a Parent Impairment Effect, (a) there is no, and since January 1, 2018 there has been no, pending or, to the Knowledge of Parent, threatened Action against Parent or any of its Subsidiaries and (b) there is not, and since January 1, 2018 there has not been, any outstanding injunction, order, judgment, ruling, writ or decree imposed upon Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, in each case, by or before any Governmental Authority.
Section 4.8 Compliance With Laws; Permits.
(a) Parent and its Subsidiaries are, and since January 1, 2018 have been, in compliance with all Laws applicable to Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, except for instances of non-compliance that would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect or a Parent Impairment Effect. Parent and each of its Subsidiaries hold, and are in compliance with, all licenses, franchises, permits, certificates, approvals and authorizations from Governmental Authorities required by Law for the conduct of their respective businesses as they are now being conducted (collectively, “Parent Permits”) and all such Parent Permits are valid and in full force and effect, except, in each case, as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect.
(b) To the Knowledge of Parent, since January 1, 2018, Parent and its Subsidiaries (i) have been in compliance in all material respects with all applicable sanctions, export control and import Laws; and (ii) have not engaged in any conduct that is sanctionable under applicable sanctions, or export control Laws.
Section 4.9 Tax Matters.
(a) Except for those matters that would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect:
(i)  each of Parent and its Subsidiaries has timely filed, or has caused to be timely filed on its behalf (taking into account any extension of time within which to file), all Tax Returns required to be filed by it, and all such filed Tax Returns are true, correct and complete;
(ii) Parent and its Subsidiaries have paid all Taxes due and owing by any of them, including any Taxes required to be withheld from amounts owing to any employee, creditor or third party (in each case, whether or not shown on any Tax Return);
(iii) no deficiency with respect to Taxes has been proposed, asserted or assessed against Parent or any of its Subsidiaries which has not been fully paid or adequately reserved against in the balance sheets included in the Parent Public Reports;
(iv) no audit or other administrative or court proceedings are pending with any Governmental Authority with respect to Taxes of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, and no written notice thereof has been received;
(v) neither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries has constituted a “distributing corporation” or a “controlled corporation” (within the meaning of Section 355(a)(1)(A) of the Code) in a distribution of stock intended to qualify in whole or in part for tax-free treatment under Section 355 of the Code or so much of Section 356 as relates to Section 355 (or any similar provisions of state, local, or non-U.S. Law);
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(vi) neither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries has extended or waived (nor granted any extension or waiver of) the limitation period for the assessment or collection of any Tax that remains in effect;
(vii) none of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries is a party to any Tax allocation, sharing, indemnity, or reimbursement agreement or arrangement (other than any customary Tax indemnification provisions in ordinary course commercial agreements or arrangements that are not primarily related to Taxes or agreements or arrangements exclusively between or among Parent and its wholly owned Subsidiaries) or has any liability for Taxes of any Person (other than Parent or any of its wholly owned Subsidiaries) by reason of Contract, assumption, operation of Law, Treasury Regulations Section 1.1502-6 (or any similar provision of state, local, or non-U.S. Law), or transferee or successor liability;
(viii) there are no Liens for Taxes upon any property or assets of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, except for Permitted Liens; and
(ix) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has participated in any “listed transaction” within the meaning of U.S. Treasury Regulations Section 1.6011-4(b)(2).
(b) Neither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries (i) has taken or agreed to take any action, or is aware of any facts or circumstances, in each case, that would reasonably be expected to prevent or impede the Mergers from qualifying for the Intended Tax Treatment or (ii) is aware of any reason that either Merger Sub II or Parent could not provide, to outside counsel pursuant to Section 5.17(b), representations and warranties of the sort customarily provided by an acquiring corporation or a controlling corporation, respectively, as the basis for a legal opinion (A) that a transaction qualifies as a reorganization under Section 368(a)(1)(A) and Section 368(a)(2)(D) of the Code and (B) that such transaction will not result in gain being recognized under Section 367(a)(1) of the Code (other than for any stockholder that would be a “five-percent transferee shareholder” (within the meaning of United States Treasury Regulations Section 1.367(a)-3(c)(5)(ii)) of the controlling corporation following the transaction that does not enter into a five-year gain recognition agreement pursuant to United States Treasury Regulations Section 1.367(a)-8(c)).
Section 4.10 Employee Benefits Matters.
(a) Each Parent Plan and each related trust agreement and insurance or group annuity contract has been administered in compliance with its terms and in compliance with the applicable provisions of ERISA, the Code and all other applicable Laws, and Parent and each of its Subsidiaries is in compliance, and since January 1, 2018 has complied, with ERISA, the Code and all other Laws applicable to any compensation and benefit plans, programs, agreements and arrangements, including the Parent Plans, in each case, except where such noncompliance would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect.
(b) (i) There are no current, pending or, to the Knowledge of Parent, threatened claims (other than claims for benefits in the ordinary course), disputes, complaints or investigations by or on behalf of any participant in any of the Parent Plans, or otherwise involving any such Parent Plan or the assets of any Parent Plan and (ii) no audit or other proceeding by any Governmental Authority is pending, or to the Knowledge of Parent, threatened with respect to any Parent Plans, in each case, that would, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect.
(c) Each Parent Plan that is intended to qualify for special tax treatment under applicable Law meets all requirements for such treatment and, to the Knowledge of Parent, there are no existing circumstances or events that have occurred that would reasonably be expected to affect adversely such qualification.
(d) None of Parent, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective ERISA Affiliates contributes to, sponsors, maintains or has any liability with respect to, or within the last six years, has contributed to, sponsored, maintained or has had any liability with respect to, any Multiemployer Plan, any plan that would be subject to Section 302 or Title IV of ERISA or Section 412 of the Code if such plan was maintained in the United States or any “multiple employer plan” (within the meaning of Section 4063 of ERISA or Section 4064 of ERISA).
(e) None of the Parent Plans provide material post-termination health or welfare benefits except as may be required by applicable Law or at the sole expense of the participant or the participant’s beneficiary.
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(f) Neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement nor the consummation of the Transactions will, either alone or in combination with another event, except as expressly provided in this Agreement, (i) entitle any current or former director, employee or individual consultant or independent contractor of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries to severance pay, unemployment compensation or any other payment or benefit, (ii) accelerate the time of payment or vesting, increase the amount of compensation due or payable or level of benefits to be provided, or trigger any other material obligation under any Parent Plan, (iii) result in any breach or violation of, default under or limit Parent’s right to amend, modify or terminate any Parent Plan or (iv) result in any payment that would reasonably be expected to be considered an “excess parachute payment” within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code. Neither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries has any indemnity, gross up or any other obligation to reimburse any individual for any Taxes imposed under Section 4999 or 409A of the Code or similar Laws.
Section 4.11 Labor Matters.
(a) Neither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to, or bound by, any collective bargaining agreement or other Contract with a labor union. Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect, with respect to employees and independent contractors of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries: (i) there are no, and since January 1, 2018 there have been no, labor related strikes, slowdowns, concerted work stoppages, walkouts, lockouts or other labor disputes pending or, to the Knowledge of Parent, threatened; (ii) to the Knowledge of Parent, there is no pending union organizing campaign and no labor union has made a petition or written demand for recognition or certification; and (iii) each of Parent and its Subsidiaries is, and since January 1, 2018 has been, in compliance with all applicable Laws regarding labor, employment and employment practices.
(b) Since January 1, 2018 through the date hereof, neither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries has received, been involved in or been subject to any complaints, claims or Actions relating to sexual harassment involving any executive employee.
(c) Other than for terminations of employment in the Ordinary Course of Business or for cause, Parent has not announced, and is not currently planning or anticipating, any material layoffs, terminations, furloughs, reductions in compensation or benefits or other material cost-saving measures affecting any material group of employees or independent contractors of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries.
Section 4.12 Environmental Matters. Except for those matters that would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect, (a) Parent and each of its Subsidiaries is, and since January 1, 2018 has been, in compliance with all applicable Environmental Laws, and neither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any written notice, demand, claim or request for information since January 1, 2018 or that otherwise remains unresolved alleging that Parent or any of its Subsidiaries is in violation of or has any liability under any Environmental Law, (b) Parent and each of its Subsidiaries holds, and is, and since January 1, 2018 has been, in compliance with, all Parent Permits required under applicable Environmental Laws for the operation of their respective businesses (“Parent Environmental Permits”), (c) there is no, and since January 1, 2018 there has been no, Action relating to or arising under any applicable Environmental Law or Parent Environmental Permit that is pending or, to the Knowledge of Parent, threatened against Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, and none of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries has assumed or retained by Contract or operation of Law any liabilities that would reasonably be expected to result in any such Action and (d) neither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries has entered into or otherwise become subject to any order, settlement, judgment, injunction or decree involving any uncompleted, outstanding or unresolved liabilities or corrective or remedial obligations on the part of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries relating to or arising under any Environmental Laws.
Section 4.13 Intellectual Property.
(a) (i) Parent and its Subsidiaries are the sole and exclusive owners of all right, title and interest in and to the Parent Owned IP and hold all of their right, title and interest in and to all of the Parent Owned IP free and clear of all Liens other than Permitted Liens, (ii) the Parent Owned IP and Parent Licensed IP include all of the Intellectual Property reasonably necessary to, or used or held for use in the conduct of the respective businesses of Parent and its Subsidiaries as currently conducted and Parent and its Subsidiaries own or have sufficient rights to use and practice all such Intellectual Property, (iii) to the Knowledge of Parent, there exist no
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material restrictions on the use of any of the Parent Owned IP, (iv) since January 1, 2018, no material Parent Owned IP has been abandoned or been adjudged to be invalid or unenforceable and (v) all Parent Owned IP is subsisting, and to the Knowledge of Parent, none of the Parent Owned IP is invalid or unenforceable.
(b) Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect, (i) the conduct of the respective businesses of Parent and its Subsidiaries is not, and since January 1, 2018 has not been, infringing, misappropriating or otherwise violating any Person’s Intellectual Property and there is no, and since January 1, 2018 there has been no, claim of such infringement, misappropriation or other violation pending or, to the Knowledge of Parent, threatened against Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, and (ii) to the Knowledge of Parent, (A) no Person is infringing, misappropriating or otherwise violating any Intellectual Property owned by Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, and (B) no claims of such infringement, misappropriation or other violation are pending or threatened against any Person by Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, and (iii) there is no claim pending or, to the Knowledge of Parent, threatened against Parent or any of its Subsidiaries challenging the ownership, use, validity or enforceability of any Parent Owned IP.
(c) (i) To the Knowledge of Parent, there has been no action or circumstance requiring Parent or its Subsidiaries to notify a Governmental Authority or other Person of a data security breach or violation of any applicable Laws relating to the collection, use, storage, processing or disclosure of any personally-identifiable information and other data or information collected, used, stored, processed or disclosed by or on behalf of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, nor has Parent or any of its Subsidiaries made any such notification, and (ii) Parent and its Subsidiaries have taken reasonable steps consistent with industry practices to protect the types of information referred to in this Section 4.13(c) against any material loss and unauthorized access, use, modification, disclosure or other misuse, and, to the Knowledge of Parent there has been no material unauthorized access, use, modification, disclosure or other misuse of such data or information.
(d) Parent and its Subsidiaries take and have taken reasonable steps consistent with industry practices to maintain, preserve and protect the confidentiality of and their respective proprietary interests in all material confidential Parent Owned IP and other material confidential information used by Parent or its Subsidiaries, and to the Knowledge of Parent, since January 1, 2018, there has been no material unauthorized access, use, modification, disclosure or other misuse of such data or information.
Section 4.14 Anti-Takeover Provisions. Parent has taken all action (including action of the Parent Boards) necessary to render inapplicable to this Agreement and the Transactions any “moratorium,” “control share acquisition,” “fair price,” “interested shareholder,” “affiliate transaction,” “business combination” or other antitakeover Laws, including Section 203 of the DGCL.
Section 4.15 Contracts.
(a) As of the date of this Agreement, neither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to or bound by any Contract:
(i) that would be required to be filed by Parent as an exhibit to the Form F-4 pursuant to Item 601(b)(2), (4), (9) or (10) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act, other than any Parent Plans;
(ii) constituting or relating to the formation, operation, management or control of any material partnership, joint venture, collaboration or limited liability company agreement (other than any such agreement solely between or among Parent and any of its wholly owned Subsidiaries);
(iii) relating to Indebtedness, whether incurred, assumed, guaranteed or secured by any asset, with a principal amount (including the amount of any undrawn but available commitments thereunder) in excess of $30,000,000;
(iv) with any Governmental Authority;
(v) (A) relating to the acquisition or disposition, directly or indirectly (by merger or otherwise), of assets or capital stock or other equity interests of any Person for aggregate consideration in excess of $30,000,000 or pursuant to which Parent or any of its Subsidiaries has continuing “earn out” or other similar contingent payment obligations after the date hereof in excess of $30,000,000; or (B) that gives any Person the right to acquire any assets of Parent or its Subsidiaries (excluding ordinary course commitments to purchase goods, products and off-the- shelf Intellectual Property) after the date hereof with a total consideration of more than $30,000,000;
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(vi) that is a stockholders, investors rights, registration rights, or relationship agreement or similar arrangement or agreement with any stockholder of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries;
(vii) that is a Contract not of a type (disregarding any dollar thresholds, materiality or other qualifiers, restrictions or other limitations applied to such Contract type) described in the foregoing clauses (i) through (vi) and that has or would reasonably be expected to, either pursuant to its own terms or together with the terms of any related Contracts, involve net payments or receipts in excess of $20,000,000 in any year; (the Contracts of the type described in clauses (i) through (vii) above being referred to herein as “Parent Material Contracts”).
(b) Parent has made available a complete and correct copy of each Parent Material Contract, as amended as of the date of this Agreement. Except with respect to any Contract that has previously expired in accordance with its terms, been terminated, restated or replaced, (i) each Parent Material Contract (and each Contract entered into after the date of this Agreement that would have been a Parent Material Contract if such Contract had been in effect as of the date of this Agreement) is valid and binding on Parent and any of its Subsidiaries to the extent such Person is a party thereto, as applicable, and to the Knowledge of Parent, each other party thereto, and is in full force and effect, except where the failure to be valid, binding or in full force and effect would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect and except as may be limited by the Bankruptcy and Equity Exception, (ii) Parent and each of its Subsidiaries, and, to the Knowledge of Parent, any other party thereto, has performed all obligations required to be performed by it under each Parent Material Contract (and each Contract entered into after the date of this Agreement that would have been a Parent Material Contract if such Contract had been in effect as of the date of this Agreement), except where such nonperformance would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect, (iii) neither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries has received written notice of the existence of any breach or default on the part of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries under any Parent Material Contract (and each Contract entered into after the date of this Agreement that would have been a Parent Material Contract if such Contract had been in effect as of the date of this Agreement), except where such default would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect and (iv) to the Knowledge of Parent, there are no events or conditions which constitute, or, after notice or lapse of time or both, will constitute a default on the part of any counterparty under any Parent Material Contract (and each Contract entered into after the date of this Agreement that would have been a Parent Material Contract if such Contract had been in effect as of the date of this Agreement), except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect.
Section 4.16 Brokers and Other Advisors. Except for Bank of America Merrill Lynch International DAC and Goldman Sachs International, the fees of which will be paid by Parent, no broker, investment banker, financial advisor or other Person is entitled to any broker’s, finder’s, financial advisor’s or other similar fee, in connection with the Transactions based upon arrangements made by or on behalf of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries.
Section 4.17 Ownership and Operations of Merger Subs. Parent owns beneficially and of record all of the outstanding capital stock of each Merger Sub. Each Merger Sub was formed solely for the purpose of engaging in the Transactions, and has not conducted any business prior to the date hereof and has no, and prior to the First Effective Time (in the case of Merger Sub) or the Second Effective Time (in the case of Merger Sub II) will have no, assets, liabilities or obligations of any nature other than those incidental to its formation and pursuant to this Agreement and the Mergers and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
Section 4.18 Share Ownership. None of Parent, Merger Sub or Merger Sub II has been, at any time during the three (3) years preceding the date hereof, an “interested stockholder” of the Company, as defined in Section 203 of the DGCL. As of the date of this Agreement, none of Parent, Merger Sub, Merger Sub II or their any of their respective Affiliates owns (directly or indirectly, beneficially or of record) any shares of capital stock of the Company, and none of Parent, Merger Sub, Merger Sub II or any of their respective Affiliates holds any rights to acquire any shares of capital stock of the Company except pursuant to this Agreement.
Section 4.19 Parent Shareholder Approval. (a) The adoption of resolutions approving the Transactions (being (i) approval pursuant to Section 2:107a Dutch Civil Code of the resolution of the Management Board of Parent to pursue the Transactions, (ii) delegation of the authority to issue Parent Ordinary Shares to the Management Board of Parent, subject to the approval of the Supervisory Board of Parent, up to a maximum
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number sufficient to pay the Merger Consideration, and (iii) approving the Transactions on the terms of this Agreement in accordance with the Listing Rules) (collectively, the “Transaction Proposals”) by a majority of the votes validly cast by holders of Parent Ordinary Shares at a general meeting of shareholders of Parent (the “Transaction Approvals”), (b) binding nominations for the appointment of the Management Board Nominee to the Management Board of Parent and the Supervisory Board Nominees to the Supervisory Board of Parent having been made by the Supervisory Board of Parent and such binding nominations (the “Board Nominations”) not having been overruled by more than half of the votes validly cast by holders of Parent Ordinary Shares, such number of votes representing more than one-third of Parent’s issued share capital, at a general meeting of shareholders of Parent (the “Board Nominee Approval” and, together with the Transaction Approvals, the “Parent Shareholder Approval”) and (c) the adoption of a resolution approving the delegation of the authority to exclude or limit pre-emptive rights in relation to the issuance referred to in clause (a)(ii) above to the Management Board of Parent, subject to the approval of the Supervisory Board of Parent (the “Pre-Emptive Rights Authorization”), by a majority of the votes validly cast (or, if less than half of Parent’s issued capital is represented at the meeting, a two-thirds majority of the votes validly cast) at a general meeting of shareholders of Parent are the only votes or approvals of the holders of any class or series of capital stock of Parent necessary in connection with the Transactions.
Section 4.20 Disclosure Documents. The information relating to Parent, Merger Sub, Merger Sub II and their respective Subsidiaries that is provided by Parent, Merger Sub, Merger Sub II, any of their respective Subsidiaries or any of their respective Representatives for inclusion or incorporation by reference in the Form F-4 or the Proxy Statement/Prospectus will not (a) in the case of the Form F-4, at the time the Form F-4 or any amendment or supplement thereto becomes effective and at the time of the Company Stockholders Meeting, and (b) in the case of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus, at the time the Proxy Statement/Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto is first mailed to the stockholders of the Company and at the time of the Company Stockholders Meeting, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The Form F-4 will comply as to form in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the rules and regulations thereunder. Each other document required to be filed by Parent with the SEC, the FCA or the AFM or required to be distributed or otherwise made available to Parent’s shareholders in connection with the Transactions, including the Form F-6, the Form 8-A, the Parent Circulars and the Parent Prospectus, and any amendments or supplements thereto, when filed, distributed or otherwise made available, as applicable, will comply as to form in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder and the applicable requirements of the Listing Rules, the Prospectus Regulation, the Prospectus Regulation Rules, other applicable securities Law and Book 2 of the Dutch Civil Code. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 4.20, no representation or warranty is made by Parent, Merger Sub or Merger Sub II with respect to information or statements made or incorporated by reference in the Form F-4, the Proxy Statement/Prospectus, any Parent Circular or the Parent Prospectus or any amendments or supplements thereto which were not supplied by or on behalf of Parent, Merger Sub or Merger Sub II.
Section 4.21 Anti-Corruption. Since January 1, 2016, none of Parent, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective members, directors, officers, agents or other representatives acting on their behalf has taken or failed to take any action in violation of any applicable Anti-Corruption Laws, including: (a) making, offering or promising, soliciting, accepting, or authorizing any payment, contribution, gift, gratuities, entertainment, travel or hospitality expenses, employment opportunities, directly or indirectly, money or anything of value (whether or not in tangible form) to any person, for the purpose of corruptly influencing an act or decision, inducing the doing or omission of any act in violation of a lawful duty, or securing an improper advantage, or the receipt of a corrupt payment or of anything of value under such circumstances; (b) using any corporate funds for any illegal contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses relating to political activity; (c) establishing or maintaining any unlawful fund of corporate monies or other properties; or (d) making of any bribe, unlawful rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback or other unlawful payment of any nature.
Section 4.22 Related Party Transactions. Except for employment-related Contracts and Parent Plans, neither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party or is otherwise bound by a Contract, arrangement or other transaction with any (i) present executive officer or director of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries or any person that has served as such an executive officer or director within the last five years or any of such Persons’
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immediate family members or, to the Knowledge of Parent, any Affiliate of any such Person (other than Parent or any of its Subsidiaries) or (ii) Person that, to the Knowledge of Parent, is the record or beneficial owner of more than 5% of the issued and outstanding Parent Ordinary Shares as of the date of this Agreement.
Section 4.23 No Other Representations or Warranties. Except for the representations and warranties made by Parent in this Article IV (as qualified by the applicable items disclosed in the Parent Disclosure Schedule in accordance with the introduction to this Article IV), neither Parent nor any other Person (including any Merger Sub) makes or has made any representation or warranty, expressed or implied, at law or in equity, with respect to or on behalf of Parent or its Subsidiaries, their businesses, operations, assets, liabilities, financial condition, results of operations, future operating or financial results, estimates, projections, forecasts, plans or prospects (including the reasonableness of the assumptions underlying such estimates, projections, forecasts, plans or prospects) or the accuracy or completeness of any information regarding Parent or its Subsidiaries or any other matter furnished or provided to the Company or made available to the Company in any “data rooms,” “virtual data rooms,” management presentations or in any other form in expectation of, or in connection with, this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby. Parent and its Subsidiaries (including each Merger Sub) disclaim any other representations or warranties, whether made by Parent or any of its Subsidiaries (including any Merger Sub) or any of their respective Affiliates or Representatives. Each of Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II acknowledges and agrees that, except for the representations and warranties made by the Company in Article III (as qualified by the applicable items disclosed in the Company Disclosure Schedule in accordance with the introduction to Article III), neither the Company nor any other Person is making or has made any representations or warranty, expressed or implied, at law or in equity, with respect to or on behalf of the Company or its Subsidiaries, their businesses, operations, assets, liabilities, financial condition, results of operations, future operating or financial results, estimates, projections, forecasts, plans or prospects (including the reasonableness of the assumptions underlying such estimates, projections, forecasts, plans or prospects) or the accuracy or completeness of any information regarding the Company or its Subsidiaries or any other matter furnished or provided to Parent or made available to Parent in any “data rooms,” “virtual data rooms,” management presentations or in any other form in expectation of, or in connection with, this Agreement, or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby. Each of Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II specifically disclaims that it is relying upon or has relied upon any such other representations or warranties that may have been made by any Person, and acknowledges and agrees that the Company and its Affiliates have specifically disclaimed and do hereby specifically disclaim any such other representations and warranties.
ARTICLE V

COVENANTS
Section 5.1 Conduct of Business.
(a) Except (i) as expressly contemplated or expressly permitted by this Agreement, (ii) as required by applicable Law (including COVID-19 Measures) or (iii) as set forth in Section 5.1(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, during the period from the date of this Agreement until the First Effective Time, unless Parent otherwise consents in advance in writing (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned), the Company shall use reasonable best efforts to conduct its business in all material respects in the Ordinary Course of Business and, to the extent not inconsistent with the foregoing, use reasonable best efforts to preserve substantially intact its present lines of business and preserve existing relationships with key customers, key suppliers, key employees and other Persons with whom the Company or its Subsidiaries have significant business relationships; provided, however, that no action or failure to take action with respect to matters specifically addressed by any of the provisions of the next sentence shall constitute a breach under this sentence unless such action or failure to take action would constitute a breach of such provision of the next sentence. In addition, without limiting the generality of the foregoing and subject to applicable Law, during the period from the date of this Agreement until the First Effective Time, except (i) as expressly contemplated or expressly permitted by this Agreement, (ii) as required by applicable Law or (iii) as set forth in Section 5.1(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, during the period from the date of this Agreement until the First Effective Time, unless Parent otherwise consents in advance in writing (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned), the Company shall not and shall not permit its Subsidiaries to:
(i) issue, deliver, sell, grant, pledge, dispose of or encumber any shares of its capital stock, or any securities or rights convertible into, exchangeable or exercisable for, or evidencing the right to acquire or
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subscribe for any shares of its capital stock, or any rights, warrants or options to purchase any shares of its capital stock, or any securities or rights convertible into, exchangeable or exercisable for, evidencing the right to acquire or subscribe for or having a value determined by reference to, any shares of its capital stock, except for (A) the issuance of shares of Company Common Stock required to be issued pursuant to the exercise of Options or the vesting and settlement of Company RSUs, in each case, outstanding on the date hereof or granted after the date hereof not in violation of this Agreement and in accordance with their terms and the terms of the Company Stock Plans as in effect on the date hereof (or amended after the date hereof not in violation of this Agreement), and (B) transactions among the Company and its wholly owned Subsidiaries not involving any Company Securities;
(ii) redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire any shares of its capital stock or other equity or voting interests, or any rights, warrants or options to acquire any shares of its capital stock or other equity or voting interests, except for (A) acquisitions by the Company of shares of Company Common Stock in connection with withholding to satisfy Tax obligations with respect to Options or Company RSUs, (B) acquisitions by the Company of Options or Company RSUs in connection with the forfeiture of such equity awards or (C) acquisitions by the Company of shares of Company Common Stock in connection with the net exercise of Options;
(iii) (A) establish a record date for, declare, authorize, set aside for payment or pay any dividend on, or make any other distribution in respect of, any shares of its capital stock or other equity or voting interests, other than dividends paid by any Subsidiary of the Company to the Company or any wholly owned Subsidiary of the Company that do not result in the payment of a material amount of Tax or directly result in the loss of a material Tax asset (excluding an adjustment to the tax basis in the equity of such Subsidiary or similar Tax asset), (B) adjust, split, combine, subdivide or reclassify any shares of its capital stock or other equity or voting interests or (C) enter into any agreement with respect to the voting of its equity interests;
(iv) (A) incur any Indebtedness except for (1) Indebtedness not to exceed $10,000,000 in the aggregate outstanding at any time, (2) Indebtedness other than for borrowed money incurred in the Ordinary Course of Business, (3) Indebtedness under the Company’s revolving credit facility not to exceed the maximum amount of the commitments available thereunder as of the date of this Agreement, (4) Indebtedness incurred to replace, renew, extend, refinance or refund any existing Indebtedness; provided that (x) the aggregate principal amount of such Indebtedness does not exceed the aggregate principal amount of such existing Indebtedness (plus the amount of any accrued or unpaid interest or fees related thereto), (y) such Indebtedness is on prevailing market terms or terms substantially consistent with, or more beneficial to the Company and its Subsidiaries than, such existing Indebtedness and (z) the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the Transactions would not conflict with, or result in any violation of or default under, or give rise to a right of termination, cancellation or acceleration of such Indebtedness (except to the extent provided in such existing Indebtedness) or (5) Indebtedness among the Company and any of its wholly owned Subsidiaries or among any of such Subsidiaries or (B) enter into or make any loans, capital contributions or advances to or investments in any Person (other than the Company or any wholly owned Subsidiary of the Company) except in the Ordinary Course of Business;
(v) sell, assign, pledge, lease (as lessor), license, mortgage, or otherwise subject to any Lien (other than a Permitted Lien) or otherwise dispose (including by permitting to lapse or failing to maintain or pursue) of any of its properties or assets (including Intellectual Property) that are material to the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, except (A) sales of products or services and licenses of Intellectual Property in the Ordinary Course of Business, (B) dispositions of inventory, equipment or other assets that are not material to the business of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or are no longer used or useful in the conduct of the business of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (C) transfers, sales, licenses or other transactions among the Company and its wholly owned Subsidiaries that do not result in the payment of a material amount of Tax or directly result in the loss of a material Tax asset (excluding an adjustment to the tax basis in the equity of such Subsidiary or similar Tax asset);
(vi) make or authorize capital expenditures except in the Ordinary Course of Business;
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(vii) (A) make any acquisition (including by merger, consolidation or other business combination) of the capital stock or assets or division of any other Person for consideration in excess of $10,000,000 in any individual transaction (or group of related transactions) or $30,000,000 in all such acquisitions or (B) enter into or acquire any interest in any joint venture or similar agreement;
(viii) (A) increase the compensation or benefits of, or grant any awards under any bonus incentive, performance or other compensation arrangements to, any current or former director, officer, employee or individual service provider of the Company or its Subsidiaries, (B) terminate or hire any director, officer, employee or individual service provider of the Company or its Subsidiaries, other than terminations for “cause” (as reasonably determined by the Company in accordance with past practices), (C) establish, adopt, terminate or amend any material Company Plan, (D) establish, adopt, terminate or amend any collective bargaining agreement or other Contract with a labor union, (E) take any action to accelerate the vesting or payment of compensation or benefits under any Company Plan or (F) grant any severance, retention, change in control or termination compensation or benefits or any increase thereof, other than (x) in the case of each of clauses (A) and (B), actions taken in the Ordinary Course of Business with respect to individuals whose annualized base compensation is less than $150,000, or (y) in each case, as required pursuant to the terms of any Company Plan as in effect on the date of this Agreement or to be implemented as described in Section 5.1(a)(viii) of the Company Disclosure Schedule;
(ix) make or change any material Tax election, file any material amended Tax Return, settle or compromise any audit or proceeding relating to Taxes that involves a material amount of Taxes, or enter into any “closing agreement” within the meaning of Section 7121 of the Code (or any similar provision of state, local, or non-U.S. Law) with respect to any material Tax;
(x) make any material change to its methods, principles or practices of accounting, except (A) as required by (1) any change in GAAP (or any interpretation thereof), Regulation S-X of the Exchange Act, (2) a Governmental Authority or quasi-Governmental Authority (including the Financial Accounting Standards Board or any similar organization) or (3) applicable Law or (B) in connection with the preparation of any Parent Circular or the Parent Prospectus or any amendments or supplements thereto,
(xi) amend the Company Charter Documents or organizational documents of any Subsidiary of the Company;
(xii) adopt a plan or agreement of complete or partial liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or reincorporation in another jurisdiction;
(xiii) except for entries, modifications, amendments, waivers, terminations or non-renewals in the Ordinary Course of Business, enter into, modify, amend, waive, fail to enforce (in each case, in any material respect), assign or terminate any Company Material Contract or any Contract that would have been a Company Material Contract if such Contract had been in effect as of the date of this Agreement;
(xiv) enter into, modify or amend any Company Related Party Transaction;
(xv) except as permitted by Section 5.10 with respect to Transaction Litigation, waive, release, assign, settle or compromise any claim or Action, other than waivers, releases, assignments, settlements or compromises that do not create obligations of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries other than the payment of monetary damages (A) equal to or lesser than the amounts reserved with respect thereto on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2020 as included in the Filed Company SEC Documents or (B) not in excess of $25,000,000 in the aggregate; or
(xvi) agree in writing to take any of the foregoing actions or fail to take any action that would result in the foregoing.
(b) Except (i) as expressly contemplated or expressly permitted by this Agreement, (ii) as required by applicable Law (including COVID-19 Measures) or (iii) as set forth in Section 5.1(b) of the Parent Disclosure Schedule, during the period from the date of this Agreement until the First Effective Time, unless the Company otherwise consents in advance in writing (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned), Parent shall use reasonable best efforts to conduct its business in all material respects in the Ordinary Course of Business and, to the extent not inconsistent with the foregoing, use reasonable best efforts to preserve substantially intact its present lines of business and preserve existing relationships with key customers,
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key suppliers, key employees and other Persons with whom Parent or its Subsidiaries have significant business relationships; provided, however, that no action or failure to take action with respect to matters specifically addressed by any of the provisions of the next sentence shall constitute a breach under this sentence unless such action or failure to take action would constitute a breach of such provision of the next sentence. In addition, without limiting the generality of the foregoing and subject to applicable Law, during the period from the date of this Agreement until the First Effective Time, except (i) as expressly contemplated or expressly permitted by this Agreement, (ii) as required by applicable Law or (iii) as set forth in Section 5.1(b) of the Parent Disclosure Schedule, during the period from the date of this Agreement until the First Effective Time, unless the Company otherwise consents in advance in writing (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned), Parent shall not and shall not permit its Subsidiaries to:
(i) issue, deliver, sell, grant, pledge, dispose of or encumber any shares of its capital stock, or any securities or rights convertible into, exchangeable or exercisable for, or evidencing the right to acquire or subscribe for any shares of its capital stock, or any rights, warrants or options to purchase any shares of its capital stock, or any securities or rights convertible into, exchangeable or exercisable for, evidencing the right to acquire or subscribe for or having a value determined by reference to, any shares of its capital stock, except for (A) the issuance of Parent Ordinary Shares required to be issued pursuant to the exercise of Parent Options or the vesting and settlement of other equity-based awards of Parent, in each case outstanding on the date hereof or granted after the date hereof not in violation of this Agreement, (B) the issuance of Parent Options and other equity-based awards of Parent in the Ordinary Course of Business, (C) transactions among Parent and its wholly owned Subsidiaries not involving any Parent Securities and (D) the issuance of Parent Ordinary Shares upon conversion of any Parent 2024 Convertible Bonds or Parent 2026 Convertible Bonds in accordance with the terms thereof as in effect as of the date hereof;
(ii) redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire any shares of its capital stock or other equity or voting interests, or any rights, warrants or options to acquire any shares of its capital stock or other equity or voting interests, except for (A) acquisitions by Parent of Parent Ordinary Shares in connection with withholding to satisfy Tax obligations with respect to Parent Options, (B) acquisitions by Parent of equity awards (including Parent Options) in connection with the forfeiture of such equity awards or (C) acquisitions by Parent of Parent Ordinary Shares in connection with the net exercise of Parent Options;
(iii) (A) establish a record date for, declare, authorize, set aside for payment or pay any dividend on, or make any other distribution in respect of, any shares of its capital stock or other equity or voting interests, other than dividends paid by any Subsidiary of Parent to Parent or any wholly owned Subsidiary of Parent that do not result in the payment of a material amount of Tax or directly result in the loss of a material Tax asset (excluding an adjustment to the tax basis in the equity of such Subsidiary or similar Tax asset), (B) adjust, split, combine, subdivide or reclassify any shares of its capital stock or other equity or voting interests or (C) enter into any agreement with respect to the voting of its equity interests;
(iv) incur any Indebtedness except for (A) Indebtedness other than for borrowed money incurred in the Ordinary Course of Business, (B) Indebtedness under Parent’s revolving credit facility not to exceed the maximum amount of the commitments available thereunder as of the date of this Agreement (including the amount of any uncommitted “accordion” feature), (C) Indebtedness incurred to replace, renew, extend, refinance or refund any existing Indebtedness of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries or the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, provided that (1) the aggregate principal amount of such Indebtedness does not exceed the aggregate principal amount of such existing Indebtedness (plus the amount of any accrued or unpaid interest or fees related thereto), (2) such Indebtedness is on prevailing market terms or terms substantially consistent with, or more beneficial to Parent and its Subsidiaries than, such existing Indebtedness and (3) the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the Transactions would not conflict with, or result in any violation of or default under, or give rise to a right of termination, cancellation or acceleration of such Indebtedness (except to the extent provided in such existing Indebtedness), (D) Indebtedness incurred to fund any amounts payable in connection with, or as a result of, the Transactions, (E) Indebtedness among Parent and any of its wholly owned Subsidiaries or among any of such Subsidiaries or (F) other Indebtedness not to exceed $300,000,000 in the aggregate outstanding at any time;
(v) make any acquisition (including by merger, consolidation or other business combination) of the capital stock or assets or division of any other Person, except as set forth on Section 5.1(b)(v) of the Parent Disclosure Schedule;
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(vi) make any material change to its methods, principles or practices of accounting, except as required by any change in IFRS (or any interpretation thereof), as required in connection with the registration under the Securities Act of the Parent Ordinary Shares to be issued pursuant to this Agreement, as required by a Governmental Authority or quasi-Governmental Authority (including the Financial Accounting Standards Board or any similar organization) or as required by applicable Law;
(vii) amend the Parent Charter Documents or, except as would not reasonably be expected to have a Parent Impairment Effect, organizational documents of any Subsidiary of Parent;
(viii) adopt a plan or agreement of complete or partial liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or reincorporation in another jurisdiction, other than transactions involving Parent’s Subsidiaries other than Merger Sub or Merger Sub II if such transactions would not reasonably be expected to have a Parent Impairment Effect; or
(ix) agree in writing to take any of the foregoing actions or fail to take any action that would result in the foregoing.
(c) Nothing contained in this Agreement is intended to give Parent, Merger Sub or Merger Sub II, directly or indirectly, the right to control or direct the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ operations prior to the First Effective Time and nothing contained in this Agreement is intended to give the Company, directly or indirectly, the right to control or direct Parent’s or its Subsidiaries’ operations prior to the First Effective Time. Prior to the First Effective Time, each of Parent and the Company shall exercise, consistent with the terms and conditions of this Agreement, complete control and supervision over its and its Subsidiaries’ respective operations.
Section 5.2 Preparation of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus, Parent Prospectus and Parent Circulars; Shareholders Meetings.
(a) As promptly as reasonably practicable following the date of this Agreement, Parent and the Company shall prepare and cause to be filed with the SEC the Proxy Statement/Prospectus, and Parent shall prepare and file with the SEC the Form F-4, in which the Proxy Statement/Prospectus will be included as Parent’s prospectus. Each of Parent and the Company shall (i) make available to each other all information (including financial statements), (ii) cause its auditors and other relevant professional advisors to cooperate in providing financial and other information (including consents) and (iii) provide such other assistance, in the case of each of clauses (i), (ii) and (iii), as may be reasonably requested in connection with the preparation, filing and distribution of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus and the Form F-4. From the date of this Agreement until the First Effective Time, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause the Company’s auditors, at the reasonable request of Parent, to perform a review of the consolidated interim financial statements of the Company for any quarterly period beginning after December 31, 2019. Each of Parent and the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to respond to any comments of the SEC with respect to the Form F-4 and to have the Form F-4 declared effective under the Securities Act as promptly as reasonably practicable after such filing and to keep the Form F-4 effective as long as necessary to consummate the Mergers and the other transactions contemplated hereby. The Company will cause the Proxy Statement/Prospectus to be mailed to the Company’s stockholders as promptly as reasonably practicable after the Form F-4 is declared effective under the Securities Act. No filing of, or amendment or supplement to, or correspondence with the SEC or its staff with respect to, the Form F-4 or the Proxy Statement/Prospectus will be made by Parent or the Company, as applicable, without providing the other party a reasonable opportunity to review and comment thereon and considering in good faith all comments reasonably proposed by such other party and without the consent of the other party (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned); provided, however, that the foregoing shall not apply to any filings with the SEC (x) deemed to supplement the Form F-4 or any document which forms a part thereof through its incorporation by reference therein or (y) with respect to a Parent Takeover Proposal, a Company Takeover Proposal, a Company Superior Proposal, a Parent Superior Proposal, a Company Adverse Recommendation Change, a Parent Adverse Recommendation Change or any matters relating thereto. Parent or the Company, as applicable, will advise the other party promptly after it receives oral or written notice of the time when the Form F-4 has become effective or any supplement or amendment has been filed, the issuance of any stop order, the suspension of the qualification of the Parent ADSs or Parent Ordinary Shares issuable in connection with the Transactions for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, or any oral or written request by the SEC for amendment of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus or the Form F-4 or comments thereon and responses thereto or requests by the SEC for additional information, and will promptly provide the other with copies of any
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written communication from the SEC or any state securities commission. If, at any time prior to the First Effective Time, any information relating to Parent or the Company, or any of their respective Affiliates, officers or directors, should be discovered by Parent or the Company which should be set forth in an amendment or supplement to any of the Form F-4 or the Proxy Statement/Prospectus, so that any of such documents would not include any misstatement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, the party which discovers such information shall promptly notify the other parties hereto and an appropriate amendment or supplement describing such information shall be promptly filed with the SEC and, to the extent required by Law, disseminated to the stockholders of the Company.
(b) The Company shall, as promptly as reasonably practicable after the Form F-4 has been declared effective, duly give notice of, convene and hold a meeting of its stockholders to consider and vote upon adoption of this Agreement and such other matters as may be then legally required (including any postponement, recess or adjournment thereof, the “Company Stockholders Meeting”); provided, however, that the Company may postpone, recess or adjourn the Company Stockholders Meeting (i) with the prior written consent of Parent (not to be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned), (ii) to ensure that any required supplement or amendment to the Proxy Statement/Prospectus is provided to the stockholders of the Company within a reasonable amount of time in advance of the Company Stockholders Meeting, (iii) if there are not sufficient affirmative votes in person or by proxy at such meeting to constitute a quorum or to obtain the Company Stockholder Approval, to allow additional time for solicitation of proxies for purposes of obtaining a quorum or the Company Stockholder Approval, as applicable, (iv) as may be required by applicable Law or (v) if the Company Board (or a duly authorized committee thereof), after consultation with outside counsel, reasonably believes in good faith that failure to postpone, recess or adjourn the Company Stockholders Meeting would be inconsistent with the Company directors’ fiduciary duties under applicable Law; provided that, except as required by applicable Law, the Company Stockholders Meeting shall not be postponed, recessed or adjourned to a date that is more than 43 days after the date on which the Company Stockholders Meeting was originally scheduled or less than five Business Days prior to the End Date, in each case without the prior written consent of Parent.
(c) The Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to obtain from its stockholders the Company Stockholder Approval, including by actively soliciting proxies. Unless the Company Board (or any duly authorized committee thereof) has made a Company Adverse Recommendation Change in accordance with Section 5.3, (A) the Company Board shall recommend to its stockholders that the Company Stockholder Approval be given and (B) the Company shall include the Company Board Recommendation in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus.
(d) Parent shall prior to the First Effective Time (x) prepare and file with the SEC a registration statement on Form 8-A relating to the registration under the Exchange Act of the Parent ADSs to be issued in the Transactions and the underlying Parent Ordinary Shares (the “Form 8-A”) and (y) cause the Depositary Bank to prepare and file with the SEC, no later than the date prescribed by the rules and regulations under the Securities Act, a registration statement on Form F-6 relating to the registration under the Securities Act of the issuance of the Parent ADSs (the “Form F-6”). Parent shall use its reasonable best efforts to have the Form 8-A declared effective under the Exchange Act and the Form F-6 declared effective under the Securities Act, in each case, as promptly as practicable after such filing and to keep the Form 8-A and the Form F-6 effective as long as necessary to consummate the Transactions. As promptly as reasonably practicable following the date of this Agreement, Parent shall prepare and file, or cause to be filed, (i) with the FCA for its approval a draft copy of the Parent Circular, (ii) with, in each case if then applicable, (A) the AFM for its approval (and, following its approval, notification of its approval in accordance with the Prospectus Regulation to the FCA, to the extent then permitted by applicable Law) and (B) the FCA for its approval, a draft of a listing prospectus (the “Parent Prospectus”) under (x) in the case of the AFM, the European Union Prospectus Regulation and any rules and regulations relating thereto (the “Prospectus Regulation”) and applicable Dutch securities Laws with respect to the Parent Ordinary Shares underlying the Parent ADSs to be issued pursuant to this Agreement and (y) in the case of the FCA, the Prospectus Regulation Rules and any applicable UK securities Laws with respect to the Parent Ordinary Shares underlying the Parent ADSs to be issued pursuant to this Agreement, (iii) if then applicable, an application to the AFM to notify its approval of the Parent Prospectus to the FCA in accordance with the Prospectus Regulation and applicable Law, (iv) an application with either the NYSE or the NASDAQ for the listing of Parent ADSs on such exchange and (v) in each case to the extent applicable, (A) an application with Euronext Amsterdam for the listing and admission to trading of the Parent Ordinary Shares underlying the
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Parent ADSs to be issued pursuant to this Agreement, (B) an application with the FCA for admission of the Parent Ordinary Shares underlying the Parent ADSs to be issued pursuant to this Agreement to listing on the Official List with a premium listing and (C) an application with the LSE for admission of the Parent Ordinary Shares underlying the Parent ADSs to be issued pursuant to this Agreement to trading on the Premium Segment of the LSE’s Main Market for listed securities. The Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to (x) make available to Parent all information (including financial statements and reports or consents of third parties), (y) cause its auditors and other relevant professional advisors to cooperate in providing financial and other information (including consents) and (z) provide such other assistance, in the case of each of clauses (x), (y) and (z), as may be reasonably requested in connection with the preparation, filing and distribution of the Parent Circulars and the Parent Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto. Parent shall use its reasonable best efforts to obtain formal approval of the Parent Circular from the FCA and approval of the Parent Prospectus from the AFM and the FCA (in each case, to the extent then applicable) and, to the extent notification of approval is then permitted, notification of approval of the Parent Prospectus to the FCA as promptly as reasonably practicable, including using its reasonable best efforts to respond to any comments of the FCA or the AFM with respect to the Parent Circular or the Parent Prospectus, as applicable, and to maintain the current status of the Parent Prospectus as long as necessary to consummate the Mergers and the other Transactions. No filing or publication of, or substantive correspondence with the FCA, the AFM or their respective staffs with respect to, the Parent Circulars or the Parent Prospectus will be made by Parent without providing the Company a reasonable opportunity to review and comment thereon and considering in good faith all comments reasonably proposed by the Company. Parent shall, in any event, ensure that all information contained in the Parent Circulars (including any Supplementary Parent Circulars) or the Parent Prospectus which relates solely to the Company or its Affiliates or their respective officers and directors is consistent with the information provided to Parent by the Company or its Representatives. Parent will advise the Company promptly after it receives oral or written notice of the time when the Parent Circular or the Parent Prospectus has been approved or any supplement or amendment has been filed or published, or any oral or written request by the FCA or the AFM for amendment of the Parent Circulars or the Parent Prospectus or comments thereon and written responses thereto or requests by the FCA or the AFM for additional information, and will promptly provide the other with copies of any communication from the FCA or the AFM. If, at any time prior to obtaining the Parent Shareholder Approval (in the case of the Parent Circulars) or the First Effective Time (in the case of the Parent Prospectus), any information relating to Parent or the Company, or any of their respective Affiliates, officers or directors, should be discovered by Parent or the Company which would reasonably be expected to require disclosure in an amendment or supplement to any of the Parent Circulars or the Parent Prospectus so that the relevant Parent Circular and/or the Parent Prospectus (as applicable) shall contain every significant new factor and shall not contain any material mistake or material inaccuracy relating to the information therein which may affect the assessment of the Parent Ordinary Shares or so that the Parent Circular may be updated for any material change or material new matter which Parent would have been required to disclose, in the Parent Circular, the party which discovers such information shall promptly notify the other parties hereto and Parent shall procure that an appropriate amendment or supplement describing such information is promptly filed or published in accordance with the requirements of applicable Law and, to the extent required by Law, disseminated to the shareholders of Parent.
(e) Parent shall, as promptly as reasonably practicable after the Parent Circular has been approved by the FCA, duly give notice of, convene and hold an extraordinary general meeting of its shareholders to consider and vote upon the Transaction Proposals, the Board Nominations and the Pre-Emptive Rights Authorization (such meeting, including any reconvention thereof, the “Parent Shareholders Meeting”), including publishing the Parent Circular and making available at Parent’s registered office in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, the Parent Circular, in each case in accordance with applicable Law; provided, however, that Parent may cancel and reconvene the Parent Shareholders Meeting (i) with the prior written consent of the Company (not to be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned), (ii) to ensure that any required supplement or amendment to the Parent Circulars is provided to the shareholders of Parent within a reasonable amount of time in advance of the Parent Shareholders Meeting, (iii) if there are not sufficient affirmative votes present or represented at such meeting or to obtain the Parent Shareholder Approval, to allow additional time for solicitation of additional votes for purposes of obtaining the Parent Shareholder Approval, (iv) as may be required by applicable Law or (v) if the Parent Boards (or a duly authorized committee thereof), after consultation with outside counsel, reasonably believes in good faith that failure to cancel and reconvene the Parent Shareholders Meeting would be inconsistent with the Parent directors’ fiduciary duties under applicable Law; provided that, except as required by applicable
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Law, the Parent Shareholders Meeting shall not be cancelled and reconvened to a date that is more than 43 days after the date on which the Parent Shareholders Meeting was originally scheduled or less than five Business Days prior to the End Date, in each case without the prior written consent of the Company.
(f) Parent shall use its reasonable best efforts to obtain from the holders of Parent Ordinary Shares the Parent Shareholder Approval and the Pre-Emptive Rights Authorization, including by actively engaging with and seeking the support of the holders of Parent Ordinary Shares. Unless the Parent Boards (or any duly authorized committee thereof) have made a Parent Adverse Recommendation Change in accordance with Section 5.4, (A) the Parent Boards shall recommend to the holders of Parent Ordinary Shares that the Parent Shareholder Approval and the Pre-Emptive Rights Authorization be given (the “Parent Board Recommendation”) and (B) Parent shall include the Parent Board Recommendation in the Parent Circulars.
Section 5.3 No Solicitation by the Company; Company Change in Recommendation.
(a) Except as provided in Section 5.3(b) or Section 5.3(d), from the date of this Agreement until the earlier of the First Effective Time and the termination of this Agreement in accordance with Section 7.1, (i) the Company shall cease, and shall cause its Subsidiaries and its and their respective officers and directors and shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause the other Company Representatives to cease, all existing discussions, negotiations and communications with any Persons or entities with respect to any Company Takeover Proposal (other than the transactions contemplated hereby); (ii) the Company shall not, and shall not authorize or permit any of its Subsidiaries or any Company Representatives to, directly or indirectly through another Person, (A) initiate, seek, solicit or knowingly encourage (including by way of furnishing any non-public information regarding the Company or any of its Subsidiaries), or knowingly induce or knowingly facilitate or take any other action which would reasonably be expected to lead to the making, submission or announcement of any Company Takeover Proposal, (B) engage or participate in negotiations or discussions with, or provide any non-public information or non-public data to, any Person (other than Parent or any Parent Representatives) relating to any Company Takeover Proposal or grant any waiver or release under any standstill or other agreement (except that if the Company Board (or any duly authorized committee thereof) determines in good faith (after consultation with its outside counsel) that the failure to grant any waiver or release would be inconsistent with the Company directors’ fiduciary duties under applicable law, the Company may waive any such standstill provision in order to permit a third party to make a Company Takeover Proposal) or (C) resolve to do any of the foregoing; (iii) the Company shall not provide and shall, within twenty-four (24) hours of the date hereof, terminate access of any third party to any data room (virtual or actual) containing any of the Company’s confidential information; and (iv) within five (5) Business Days after the date hereof, the Company shall request the return or destruction of all confidential, non-public information provided to third parties that have entered into confidentiality agreements relating to a possible Company Takeover Proposal with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing contained in this Section 5.3 or in Section 5.6 or any other provision of this Agreement shall prohibit the Company or the Company Board (or any duly authorized committee thereof) from taking and disclosing to the Company’s stockholders its position with respect to any tender or exchange offer by a third party in compliance with Rules 14d-9 and 14e-2 promulgated under the Exchange Act; provided that any disclosure made in accordance with this sentence that constitutes a Company Adverse Recommendation Change shall result in all of the consequences of a Company Adverse Recommendation Change set forth in this Agreement. Without limiting the foregoing, it is agreed that any violation of the restrictions set forth in this Section 5.3(a) by any Subsidiaries of the Company or any Company Representatives shall constitute a violation of this Section 5.3(a) by the Company.
(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, at any time prior to obtaining the Company Stockholder Approval, if the Company receives a written Company Takeover Proposal from a third party and the receipt of such Company Takeover Proposal was not initiated, sought, solicited, knowingly encouraged or knowingly induced or knowingly facilitated in material violation of Section 5.3(a), then the Company may (i) contact the Person who has made such Company Takeover Proposal and its Representatives in order to clarify the terms of such Company Takeover Proposal so that the Company Board (or any duly authorized committee thereof) may inform itself about such Company Takeover Proposal, (ii) furnish information concerning its business, properties or assets to the Person who has made such Company Takeover Proposal and its Representatives pursuant to an Acceptable Confidentiality Agreement (provided that all such information has previously been furnished to Parent or is furnished to Parent prior to or substantially concurrently with the time it is furnished to such Person) and (iii) negotiate and participate in discussions and negotiations with the Person who has made such Company
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Takeover Proposal and its Representatives concerning such Company Takeover Proposal, if, in the case of each of clauses (ii) and (iii), the Company Board (or any duly authorized committee thereof) determines in good faith (after consultation with its outside counsel and financial advisor) that such Company Takeover Proposal constitutes or would reasonably be expected to lead to a Company Superior Proposal. The Company (A) shall promptly (and in any case within one (1) Business Day) provide Parent notice (1) of the receipt of any Company Takeover Proposal, which notice shall include a copy of such Company Takeover Proposal, and (2) of any inquiries, proposals or offers received by, any requests for non-public information from, or any discussions or negotiations sought to be initiated or continued with, the Company or any Company Representatives concerning a Company Takeover Proposal or that would reasonably be expected to lead to a Company Takeover Proposal, and disclose the identity of the other party (or parties) and the material terms of such inquiry, offer, proposal or request and, in the case of written materials, provide copies of any such substantive materials, (B) shall promptly (and in any case within one (1) Business Day) make available to Parent copies of all substantive written materials provided by the Company to such party but not previously made available to Parent and (C) shall keep Parent informed on a reasonably prompt basis (and, in any case, within one (1) Business Day of any significant development) of the status and material details (including amendments and proposed amendments) of any such Company Takeover Proposal or other inquiry, offer, proposal or request.
(c) Except as permitted by Section 5.3(d) or Section 5.3(e), neither the Company Board nor any committee thereof shall (i) (A) withhold or withdraw (or qualify or modify in any manner adverse to Parent, Merger Sub or Merger Sub II), or publicly propose to withhold or withdraw (or qualify or modify in any manner adverse to Parent, Merger Sub or Merger Sub II) the Company Board Recommendation, (B) adopt, approve, recommend or otherwise declare advisable or propose publicly to adopt, approve, recommend or otherwise declare advisable any Company Takeover Proposal, (C) fail to include the Company Board Recommendation in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus, (D) if any Company Takeover Proposal structured as a tender offer or exchange offer is commenced, fail to recommend against acceptance of such tender offer or exchange offer to the Company’s stockholders within ten (10) Business Days of the commencement thereof (or any material modification thereto) pursuant to Rule 14d-2 promulgated under the Exchange Act or (E) fail to publicly reaffirm the Company Board Recommendation within ten (10) Business Days after receiving a written request to do so from Parent if any Company Takeover Proposal or any material modification thereto shall have been publicly made, sent or given to the Company’s stockholders (or, if sooner, prior to the then-scheduled Company Stockholders Meeting) (provided that Parent may only make such request once with respect to any particular Company Takeover Proposal or any modification thereto) (any action described in this clause (i) being referred to as a “Company Adverse Recommendation Change”) or (ii) cause or permit the Company to enter into any agreement, letter of intent, memorandum of understanding, agreement in principle or other Contract with respect to any Company Takeover Proposal (other than an Acceptable Confidentiality Agreement pursuant to Section 5.4(b)).
(d) If, at any time prior to obtaining the Company Stockholder Approval, the Company Board (or any duly authorized committee thereof) receives a Company Takeover Proposal that it determines in good faith (after consultation with its outside counsel and financial advisor) constitutes a Company Superior Proposal, the Company Board (or any duly authorized committee thereof) may (i) effect a Company Adverse Recommendation Change or (ii) authorize the Company to terminate this Agreement pursuant to Section 7.1(d)(iii) in order to enter into a definitive written agreement providing for a Company Superior Proposal (any such agreement, a “Company Alternative Acquisition Agreement”), in the case of each of clauses (i) and (ii) if (A) the Company Board (or any duly authorized committee thereof) determines in good faith (after consultation with its outside counsel and financial advisor) that the failure to take such action would be inconsistent with the Company’s directors’ fiduciary duties under applicable Law; (B) the Company has notified Parent in writing that it intends to effect a Company Adverse Recommendation Change or terminate this Agreement (which notice shall not constitute a Company Adverse Recommendation Change), including if applicable a copy of the proposed Company Alternative Acquisition Agreement between the Company and the Person making such Company Superior Proposal; (C) for a period of four (4) Business Days following the notice delivered pursuant to clause (B) of this Section 5.3(d), the Company shall have made Company Representatives available to discuss and negotiate in good faith (in each case, to the extent Parent desires to negotiate) with Parent Representatives any proposed modifications to the terms and conditions of this Agreement so that the Company Takeover Proposal that is the subject of the notice described in clause (B) above no longer constitutes a Company Superior Proposal or the failure to take such action would no longer be inconsistent with the Company’s directors’
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fiduciary duties under applicable Law (it being understood and agreed that any amendment to any material term or condition of any Company Superior Proposal shall require a new notice and a new negotiation period (except that such new negotiation period shall be for two (2) Business Days)); and (D) no earlier than the end of such negotiation period, the Company Board (or any duly authorized committee thereof) shall have determined in good faith (after consultation with its outside counsel and financial advisor), after considering the terms of any proposed amendment or modification to this Agreement, that (x) the Company Takeover Proposal that is the subject of the notice described in clause (B) above would still constitute a Company Superior Proposal and (y) the failure to take such action would still be inconsistent with the Company’s directors’ fiduciary duties under applicable Law.
(e) Other than in connection with a Company Superior Proposal (which shall be subject to Section 5.3(d) and shall not be subject to this Section 5.3(e)), prior to obtaining the Company Stockholder Approval the Company Board (or any duly authorized committee thereof) may effect a Company Adverse Recommendation Change, but only in response to a Company Intervening Event and only if (i) the Company Board (or any duly authorized committee thereof) determines in good faith (after consultation with its outside counsel and financial advisor) that the failure to take such action would be inconsistent with the Company’s directors’ fiduciary duties under applicable Law; (ii) the Company has notified Parent in writing that it intends to effect a Company Adverse Recommendation Change due to the occurrence of a Company Intervening Event (which notice shall specify and describe the Company Intervening Event in reasonable detail and which notice shall not constitute a Company Adverse Recommendation Change); (iii) for a period of four (4) Business Days following the notice delivered pursuant to clause (ii) of this Section 5.3(e), the Company shall have made Company Representatives available to discuss and negotiate in good faith (in each case to the extent Parent desires to negotiate), with Parent Representatives any proposed modifications to the terms and conditions of this Agreement so that the failure to take such action would no longer be inconsistent with the Company’s directors’ fiduciary duties under applicable Law (it being understood and agreed that any material change to the facts and circumstances relating to the Company Intervening Event shall require a new notice and a new negotiation period (except that such new negotiation period shall be for two (2) Business Days)); and (iv) no earlier than the end of the negotiation period, the Company Board (or any duly authorized committee thereof) shall have determined in good faith (after consultation with its outside counsel and financial advisor), after considering the terms of any proposed amendment or modification to this Agreement, that the failure to take such action would still be inconsistent with the Company’s directors’ fiduciary duties under applicable Law.
(f) As used in this Agreement, “Company Takeover Proposal” shall mean a proposal or offer from any Person (other than Parent) providing for any (i) merger, consolidation, share exchange, business combination, recapitalization or similar transaction involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, pursuant to which any such Person (or the stockholders of such Person) or group would own or control, directly or indirectly, twenty percent (20%) or more of the voting power of the Company, (ii) sale, lease, license, dissolution or other disposition, directly or indirectly, of assets of the Company (including the equity interests of any of its Subsidiaries) or any Subsidiary of the Company representing twenty percent (20%) or more of the consolidated assets, revenues or EBITDA of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, as of or for the fiscal year ending, as appropriate, December 31, 2019, or to which twenty percent (20%) or more of the Company’s revenues, earnings or assets on a consolidated basis are attributable, taken as a whole, as of or for the fiscal year ending, as appropriate, December 31, 2019, (iii) issuance or sale or other disposition of Company Securities representing twenty percent (20%) or more of the voting power of the Company, (iv) tender offer, exchange offer or any other transaction or series of transactions in which any Person (or the stockholders of such Person) or group will acquire, directly or indirectly, beneficial ownership or the right to acquire beneficial ownership of Company Securities representing twenty percent (20%) or more of the voting power of the Company or (v) combination of the foregoing.
(g) As used in this Agreement, “Company Superior Proposal” shall mean any bona fide written Company Takeover Proposal (provided that for purposes of this definition references to twenty percent (20%) in the definition of “Company Takeover Proposal” shall be deemed to be references to fifty percent (50%)) which the Company Board determines in good faith (after consultation with its outside counsel and financial advisor) to be (i) more favorable to the Company’s stockholders from a financial point of view than the Transactions and (ii) reasonably likely to be completed on the terms proposed, in the case of each of clauses (i) and (ii), taking
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into account at the time of determination all relevant circumstances, including the various legal, financial and regulatory aspects of the proposal, all the terms and conditions of such proposal and this Agreement and any changes to the terms of this Agreement offered by Parent in response to such Company Takeover Proposal.
Section 5.4 No Solicitation by Parent; Parent Change in Recommendation.
(a) Except as provided in Section 5.4(b) or Section 5.4(d), from the date of this Agreement until the earlier of the First Effective Time and the termination of this Agreement in accordance with Section 7.1, (i) Parent shall cease, and shall cause its Subsidiaries and its and their respective officers and directors and shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause the other Parent Representatives to cease, all existing discussions, negotiations and communications with any Persons or entities with respect to any Parent Takeover Proposal (other than the transactions contemplated hereby); and (ii) Parent shall not, and shall not authorize or permit any of its Subsidiaries or any Parent Representatives to, directly or indirectly through another Person, (A) initiate, seek, solicit or knowingly encourage (including by way of furnishing any non-public information regarding Parent or any of its Subsidiaries), or knowingly induce or knowingly facilitate or take any other action which would reasonably be expected to lead to the making, submission or announcement of any Parent Takeover Proposal, (B) engage or participate in negotiations or discussions with, or provide any non-public information or non-public data to, any Person (other than the Company or any Company Representatives) relating to any Parent Takeover Proposal or grant any waiver or release under any standstill or other agreement (except that if the Parent Boards (or any duly authorized committee thereof) determine in good faith (after consultation with its outside counsel) that the failure to grant any waiver or release would be inconsistent with the Parent directors’ fiduciary duties under applicable law, Parent may waive any such standstill provision in order to permit a third party to make a Parent Takeover Proposal) or (C) resolve to do any of the foregoing. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing contained in this Section 5.4 or in Section 5.6 or any other provision of this Agreement shall prohibit Parent or the Parent Boards (or any duly authorized committee thereof) from taking and disclosing to Parent’s shareholders its position with respect to any takeover offer for Parent or any price sensitive information, in each case that Parent reasonably determines (after consultation with its outside counsel) requires disclosure pursuant to the Listing Rules, the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules, the European Union Market Abuse Regulation, the FMSA or the other rules and regulations of the FCA or the AFM; provided that any disclosure made in accordance with this sentence that constitutes a Parent Adverse Recommendation Change shall result in all of the consequences of a Parent Adverse Recommendation Change set forth in this Agreement. Without limiting the foregoing, it is agreed that any violation of the restrictions set forth in this Section 5.4(a) by any Subsidiaries of Parent or any Parent Representatives shall constitute a violation of this Section 5.4(a) by Parent.
(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, at any time prior to obtaining the Parent Shareholder Approval, if Parent receives a written Parent Takeover Proposal from a third party and the receipt of such Parent Takeover Proposal was not initiated, sought, solicited, knowingly encouraged or knowingly induced or knowingly facilitated in material violation of Section 5.4(a), then Parent may (i) contact the Person who has made such Parent Takeover Proposal and its Representatives in order to clarify the terms of such Parent Takeover Proposal so that the Parent Boards (or any duly authorized committee thereof) may inform itself about such Parent Takeover Proposal, (ii) furnish information concerning its business, properties or assets to the Person who has made such Parent Takeover Proposal and its Representatives pursuant to an Acceptable Confidentiality Agreement (provided that all such information has previously been furnished to the Company or is furnished to the Company prior to or substantially concurrently with the time it is furnished to such Person) and (iii) negotiate and participate in discussions and negotiations with the Person who has made such Parent Takeover Proposal and its Representatives concerning such Parent Takeover Proposal, if, in the case of each of clauses (ii) and (iii), the Parent Boards (or any duly authorized committee thereof) determines in good faith (after consultation with its outside counsel and financial advisor) that such Parent Takeover Proposal constitutes or would reasonably be expected to lead to a Parent Superior Proposal. Parent (A) shall promptly (and in any case within one (1) Business Day) provide the Company notice (1) of the receipt of any Parent Takeover Proposal, which notice shall include a copy of such Parent Takeover Proposal, and (2) of any inquiries, proposals or offers received by, any requests for non-public information from, or any discussions or negotiations sought to be initiated or continued with, Parent or any Parent Representatives concerning a Parent Takeover Proposal or that would reasonably be expected to lead to a Parent Takeover Proposal, and disclose the identity of the other party (or parties) and the material terms of such inquiry, offer, proposal or request and, in the case of written materials, provide copies of any such substantive materials, (B) shall promptly (and in any case within one (1) Business
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Day) make available to the Company copies of all substantive written materials provided by Parent to such party but not previously made available to the Company and (C) shall keep the Company informed on a reasonably prompt basis (and, in any case, within one (1) Business Day of any significant development) of the status and material details (including amendments and proposed amendments) of any such Parent Takeover Proposal or other inquiry, offer, proposal or request.
(c) Except as permitted by Section 5.4(d) or Section 5.4(e), neither of the Parent Boards nor any committee thereof shall (i) (A) withhold or withdraw (or qualify or modify in any manner adverse to the Company), or publicly propose to withhold or withdraw (or qualify or modify in any manner adverse to the Company) the Parent Board Recommendation, (B) adopt, approve, recommend or otherwise declare advisable or propose publicly to adopt, approve, recommend or otherwise declare advisable any Parent Takeover Proposal, (C) fail to include the Parent Board Recommendation in the Parent Circulars, (D) if any Parent Takeover Proposal structured as a public offer (openbaar bod) is commenced, or if the intention to make such an offer is announced, fail to recommend against acceptance of such offer by Parent’s shareholders within ten (10) Business Days of the commencement or announcement, as applicable, thereof (or any material modification thereto) or (E) fail to publicly reaffirm the Parent Board Recommendation within ten (10) Business Days after receiving a written request to do so from the Company if any Parent Takeover Proposal or any material modification thereto shall have been publicly made, sent or given to Parent’s shareholders (or, if sooner, prior to the then-scheduled Parent Shareholders Meeting) (provided that the Company may only make such request once with respect to any particular Parent Takeover Proposal or any modification thereto) (any action described in this clause (i) being referred to as a “Parent Adverse Recommendation Change”) or (ii) cause or permit Parent to enter into any agreement, letter of intent, memorandum of understanding, agreement in principle or other Contract with respect to any Parent Takeover Proposal (other than an Acceptable Confidentiality Agreement pursuant to Section 5.4(b)).
(d) If, at any time prior to obtaining the Parent Shareholder Approval, the Parent Boards (or any duly authorized committee thereof) receive a Parent Takeover Proposal that it determines in good faith (after consultation with its outside counsel and financial advisor) constitutes a Parent Superior Proposal, the Parent Boards (or any duly authorized committee thereof) may (i) effect a Parent Adverse Recommendation Change or (ii) authorize Parent to terminate this Agreement pursuant to Section 7.1(c)(iii) in order to enter into a definitive written agreement providing for a Parent Superior Proposal (any such agreement, a “Parent Alternative Acquisition Agreement”), in the case of each of clauses (i) and (ii) if (A) the Parent Boards (or any duly authorized committee thereof) determine in good faith (after consultation with its outside counsel and financial advisor) that the failure to take such action would be inconsistent with the Parent directors’ fiduciary duties under applicable Law; (B) Parent has notified the Company in writing that it intends to effect a Parent Adverse Recommendation Change or terminate this Agreement (which notice shall not constitute a Parent Adverse Recommendation Change), including if applicable, a copy of the proposed Parent Alternative Acquisition Agreement between the Parent and the Person making such Parent Superior Proposal; (C) for a period of four (4) Business Days following the notice delivered pursuant to clause (B) of this Section 5.4(d), Parent shall have made Parent Representatives available to discuss and negotiate in good faith (in each case, to the extent the Company desires to negotiate) with Company Representatives any proposed modifications to the terms and conditions of this Agreement so that the Parent Takeover Proposal that is the subject of the notice described in clause (B) above no longer constitutes a Parent Superior Proposal or the failure to take such action would no longer be inconsistent with the Parent directors’ fiduciary duties under applicable Law (it being understood and agreed that any amendment to any material term or condition of any Company Superior Proposal shall require a new notice and a new negotiation period (except that such new negotiation period shall be for two (2) Business Days)); and (iv) no earlier than the end of such negotiation period, the Parent Boards (or any duly authorized committee thereof) shall have determined in good faith (after consultation with its outside counsel and financial advisor), after considering the terms of any proposed amendment or modification to this Agreement, that (x) the Parent Takeover Proposal that is the subject of the notice described in clause (B) above would still constitute a Parent Superior Proposal and (y) the failure to take such action would still be inconsistent with the Parent directors’ fiduciary duties under applicable Law.
(e) Other than in connection with a Parent Superior Proposal (which shall be subject to Section 5.4(d) and shall not be subject to this Section 5.4(e)), prior to obtaining the Parent Shareholder Approval the Parent Boards (or any duly authorized committee thereof) may effect a Parent Adverse Recommendation Change, but only in response to a Parent Intervening Event and only if (i) the Parent Boards (or any duly authorized committee thereof) determine in good faith (after consultation with its outside counsel and financial
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advisor) that the failure to take such action would reasonably be expected to be inconsistent with the Parent directors’ fiduciary duties under applicable Law; (ii) Parent has notified the Company in writing that it intends to effect a Parent Adverse Recommendation Change due to the occurrence of a Parent Intervening Event (which notice shall specify and describe the Parent Intervening Event in reasonable detail and which notice shall not constitute a Parent Adverse Recommendation Change); (iii) for a period of four (4) Business Days following the notice delivered pursuant to clause (ii) of this Section 5.4(e), Parent shall have made Parent Representatives available to discuss and negotiate in good faith (in each case to the extent the Company desires to negotiate), with Company Representatives any proposed modifications to the terms and conditions of this Agreement so that the failure to take such action would no longer be inconsistent with the Parent directors’ fiduciary duties under applicable Law (it being understood and agreed that any material change to the facts and circumstances relating to the Parent Intervening Event shall require a new notice and a new negotiation period (except that such new negotiation period shall be for two (2) Business Days)); and (iv) no earlier than the end of the negotiation period, the Parent Boards (or any duly authorized committee thereof) shall have determined in good faith (after consultation with its outside counsel and financial advisor), after considering the terms of any proposed amendment or modification to this Agreement, that the failure to take such action would still be inconsistent with the Parent directors’ fiduciary duties under applicable Law.
(f) As used in this Agreement, “Parent Takeover Proposal” shall mean a proposal or offer from any Person (other than the Company) providing for any (i) merger, consolidation, share exchange, business combination, recapitalization or similar transaction involving Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, pursuant to which any such Person (or the stockholders of such Person) or group would own or control, directly or indirectly, twenty percent (20%) or more of the voting power of Parent, (ii) sale, lease, license, dissolution or other disposition, directly or indirectly, of assets of Parent (including the equity interests of any of its Subsidiaries) or any Subsidiary of Parent representing twenty percent (20%) or more of the consolidated assets, revenues or EBITDA of Parent and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, as of or for the fiscal year ending, as appropriate, December 31, 2019, or to which twenty percent (20%) or more of Parent’s revenues, earnings or assets on a consolidated basis are attributable, taken as a whole, as of or for the fiscal year ending, as appropriate, December 31, 2019, (iii) issuance or sale or other disposition of Parent Securities representing twenty percent (20%) or more of the voting power of Parent, (iv) tender offer, exchange offer or any other transaction or series of transactions in which any Person (or the stockholders of such Person) or group will acquire, directly or indirectly, beneficial ownership or the right to acquire beneficial ownership of Parent Securities representing twenty percent (20%) or more of the voting power of Parent or (v) combination of the foregoing; provided that any proposal or offer providing for any transaction or series of transactions related solely to the businesses and Persons identified on Section 5.4(f) of the Parent Disclosure Schedule (or any assets utilized therein or the capital stock, voting securities or other interests in any Person that conducts such businesses or holds such assets).
(g) As used in this Agreement, “Parent Superior Proposal” shall mean any bona fide written Parent Takeover Proposal (provided that for purposes of this definition references to twenty percent (20%) in the definition of “Parent Takeover Proposal” shall be deemed to be references to fifty percent (50%)) which the Parent Boards determine in good faith (after consultation with its outside counsel and financial advisor) to be (i) more favorable to Parent’s stockholders from a financial point of view than the Transactions and (ii) reasonably likely to be completed on the terms proposed, in the case of each of clauses (i) and (ii), taking into account at the time of determination all relevant circumstances, including the various legal, financial and regulatory aspects of the proposal, all the terms and conditions of such proposal and this Agreement and any changes to the terms of this Agreement offered by the Company in response to such Parent Takeover Proposal.
Section 5.5 Reasonable Best Efforts.
(a) Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, each of the parties hereto shall cooperate with the other parties and use (and shall cause their respective Subsidiaries to use) their respective reasonable best efforts (unless, with respect to any action, another standard of performance is expressly provided for herein) to promptly (i) take, or cause to be taken, all actions, and do, or cause to be done, and assist and cooperate with the other parties hereto in doing, all things necessary, proper or advisable to cause the conditions to Closing to be satisfied as promptly as reasonably practicable and to consummate and make effective, as promptly as reasonably practicable, the Transactions, including preparing and filing promptly and fully all documentation to effect all necessary filings, notices, petitions, statements, registrations, submissions of
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information, applications and other documents, (ii) obtain all approvals, consents, registrations, waivers, permits, authorizations, orders and other confirmations from any Governmental Authority or third party necessary, proper or advisable to consummate the Transactions, (iii) execute and deliver any additional instruments necessary, proper or advisable to consummate the Transactions and (iv) defend or contest in good faith any Action brought by a third party that could otherwise prevent or impede, interfere with, hinder or delay in any material respect the consummation of the Transactions, in the case of each of clauses (i) through (iv), other than with respect to filings, notices, petitions, statements, registrations, submissions of information, applications and other documents, approvals, consents, registrations, permits, authorizations and other confirmations relating to Antitrust Laws or CFIUS Approval, which are dealt with in Section 5.5(b), Section 5.5(c) and Section 5.5(d) below; provided, however, that no party hereto shall be obligated to pay any material amount as consideration therefor to, or make any material financial or other accommodation in favor of, any third party (other than a Governmental Authority) from whom any such approval, consent, registration, waiver, permit, authorization, order or other confirmation is sought, other than customary processing fees (and the Company shall not make or agree to pay any such amount or make any such accommodation in favor of any such third party without the prior written consent of Parent (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned)); and provided further, that obtaining any such approval, consent, registration, waiver, permit, authorization, order or other confirmation from any Governmental Authority or third party, and the making of any such payment or financial or other accommodation, shall not be a condition to Closing unless and to the extent expressly provided in Section 6.1(b). For purposes hereof, “Antitrust Laws” shall mean the Sherman Act, the Clayton Act, the HSR Act, the Federal Trade Commission Act, all applicable Foreign Antitrust Laws and all other applicable Laws issued by a Governmental Authority that are designed or intended to prohibit, restrict or regulate actions having the purpose or effect of monopolization or restraint of trade or lessening of competition through merger or acquisition.
(b) Each of the parties shall make an appropriate filing of a Notification and Report Form pursuant to the HSR Act with respect to the Transactions (which shall request the early termination of any waiting period applicable to the Transactions under the HSR Act) as promptly as reasonably practicable following the date of this Agreement, and in any event within ten (10) Business Days following the date hereof, provided that in the event the Federal Trade Commission (the “FTC”) or Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice (the “DOJ”) is closed or not accepting such filings under the HSR Act (a “Governmental Closure”), such day shall be extended day-for-day, for each Business Day the Governmental Closure is in effect. Parent shall submit a briefing note to the CMA with respect to the Transactions (the “CMA Briefing Note”) as promptly as reasonably practicable after the date of this Agreement, and in any event within ten (10) Business Days following the date hereof. If requested by the CMA or otherwise agreed between Parent and the Company acting in good faith, Parent shall submit a merger notice to the CMA as promptly as reasonably practicable (and in any event shall submit a draft merger notice to the CMA within ten (10) Business Days of the CMA’s request or of Parent and the Company agreeing to submit a merger notice, as applicable). Each of the parties hereto shall submit as promptly as reasonably practicable after the date of this Agreement, and in any event within ten (10) Business Days following the date hereof or as otherwise agreed in writing by Parent and the Company, a joint voluntary notice in draft form to CFIUS with respect to the Transactions and submit a final notice to CFIUS with respect to the Transactions as promptly as reasonably practicable after receiving comments to the draft joint voluntary notice from CFIUS. Each party hereto shall (x) supply as promptly as reasonably practicable any additional information and documentary material that may be requested pursuant to the HSR Act or any other Antitrust Law or by CFIUS and (y) subject to Section 5.5(c), promptly take any and all steps necessary to avoid or eliminate each and every impediment and obtain all consents under any Laws that may be required by any non-U.S. or U.S. federal, state or local Governmental Authority, in each case with competent jurisdiction, so as to enable the parties hereto to consummate the Transactions as promptly as reasonably practicable, and in any event prior to the End Date. Without limiting the foregoing but subject to Section 5.5(c), Parent shall promptly take all actions necessary to secure as soon as practicable the expiration or termination of any applicable waiting period under the HSR Act, obtain CMA Clearance and CFIUS Approval and all approvals and the expiration or termination of any applicable waiting period under any other Law and resolve any objections asserted with respect to the Transactions under the Federal Trade Commission Act or any other applicable Law raised by any Governmental Authority, in order to prevent the entry of, or to have vacated, lifted, reversed or overturned, any Restraint that would prevent, prohibit, restrict or delay the consummation of the Transactions (the “Regulatory Approvals”), including (i) (A) executing settlements, undertakings, consent decrees, stipulations or other agreements with any Governmental Authority or with any other Person, (B) selling, divesting or otherwise conveying or holding separate particular assets or categories of assets or businesses of Parent and its
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Subsidiaries, (C) agreeing to sell, divest or otherwise convey or hold separate any particular assets or categories of assets or businesses of the Company and its Subsidiaries contemporaneously with or subsequent to the First Effective Time, (D) permitting the Company to sell, divest or otherwise convey or hold separate any of the particular assets or categories of assets or businesses of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (E) terminating existing relationships, contractual rights or obligations of the Company or Parent or their respective Subsidiaries, (F) terminating any joint venture or other arrangement of the Company or Parent or their respective Subsidiaries, (G) creating any relationship, contractual right or obligation of the Company or Parent or their respective Subsidiaries, (H) agreeing to change or modify any course of conduct, or otherwise limit freedom of action, regarding the operations or governance of the Company or Parent or their respective Subsidiaries, (I) effectuating any other change or restructuring of the Company or Parent or their respective Subsidiaries (and, in each case, entering into agreements or stipulating to the entry of any judgment by, or filing appropriate applications with, the FTC, the DOJ, CFIUS or any other Governmental Authority in connection with any of the foregoing and, in the case of actions by or with respect to the Company, by consenting to such action by the Company (including any consents required under this Agreement with respect to such action)), and (J) taking any actions or making any behavioral commitments that may limit or modify the Company’s, Parent’s or their respective Subsidiaries’ rights of ownership in, or ability to conduct the business of, or with respect to one or more of their respective operations, divisions, businesses, product lines, specific products, categories of products, customers, specific assets or categories of assets (any such action or limitation described in clauses (A) through (J), a “Restriction”) and (ii) defending through litigation any claim asserted in court or administrative or other tribunal by any Person (including any Governmental Authority) in order to avoid entry of, or to have vacated or terminated, any Restraint that would prevent the Closing prior to the End Date. No actions taken pursuant to this Section 5.5 shall be considered for purposes of determining whether a Company Material Adverse Effect or Parent Material Adverse Effect has occurred or would reasonably be expected to occur. Subject to Section 5.5(c), Parent shall respond to and seek to resolve as promptly as reasonably practicable any objections asserted by any Governmental Authority with respect to the Transactions. The Company, Parent and Merger Subs and any of their respective Affiliates shall not take any action, including the acquisition of or agreement to acquire any business entity or assets (whether by merger, consolidation or other business combination, purchase of assets, purchase of shares, tender offer or exchange offer or similar transaction), with the intention to, or that would reasonably be expected to, hinder or delay the expiration or termination of any waiting period under the HSR Act or the obtaining of approval of the DOJ or FTC as necessary, or to hinder or delay the expiration or termination of any waiting period or the obtaining of approvals under any other Antitrust Law. Nothing in this Section 5.5 shall require any party hereto (or permit the Company or any of its Subsidiaries without the prior written consent of Parent) to take, accept or agree to any Restriction unless the effectiveness of such Restriction is conditioned upon the Closing.
(c) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, nothing in this Section 5.5 shall (x) require any party hereto take, accept or agree to, (y) permit the Company or any of its Subsidiaries without the prior written consent of Parent to take, accept or agree to or (z) require Parent to consent to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries taking, accepting or agreeing to, any Restrictions if such Restrictions, individually or in the aggregate with all other actions undertaken with respect to the matters contemplated by this Section 5.5, would reasonably be expected to result in a material adverse effect on the business, operations, results of operations, assets, liabilities or condition (financial or otherwise) of Parent and its Subsidiaries (including, for purposes of this Section 5.5(c), the Company and its Subsidiaries), taken as a whole, following the Closing (the foregoing, a “Regulatory Material Adverse Effect”).
(d) Parent shall (after consulting with and considering in good faith the views of the Company) have the right to direct and control all matters in connection with obtaining any Regulatory Approvals with respect to the Transactions in a manner consistent with its obligations under this Section 5.5, including in any Action initiated by any Person (including any Governmental Authority) seeking a Restraint. Subject to the foregoing, each of the parties hereto shall use its reasonable best efforts to (i) cooperate in all respects with each other, including furnishing to the other parties such necessary information and assistance as the other may reasonably request, in connection with any filing or submission with a Governmental Authority in connection with the Transactions and in connection with any investigation or other inquiry by or before a Governmental Authority relating to the Transactions, including any proceeding initiated by a private Person, (ii) promptly notify the other parties hereto of, and, if in writing, furnish the others with copies of (or, in the case of oral communications, advise the others of the contents of) any communication received from a Governmental
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Authority or any private Person whose consent is or may be required in connection with the Transactions (or who alleges as much) in connection with the Transactions and permit the other parties to review and discuss in advance (and to consider in good faith any comments made by the other parties in relation to) any proposed notifications, filing (except for HSR filings), submission or other written communication (and any analyses, memoranda, white papers, presentations, correspondence or other documents submitted therewith) made in connection with the Transactions to a Governmental Authority or any such other private Person, (iii) keep the other parties hereto reasonably informed with respect to the status of any such submissions and filings to any Governmental Authorities in connection with the Regulatory Approvals or the Transactions and any developments, meetings or discussions with any Governmental Authority in respect thereof, including with respect to (A) the receipt of any non-action, action, clearance, consent, approval or waiver, (B) the expiration of any waiting period, (C) the commencement or proposed or threatened commencement of any Action under applicable Laws and (D) the nature and status of any objections raised or proposed or threatened to be raised by a Governmental Authority or any other third party with respect to the Transactions, and (iv) not independently participate in any substantive meeting, hearing, proceeding or discussions (whether in person, by telephone or otherwise) with or before a Governmental Authority (including any member of any Governmental Authority’s staff) in respect of the Transactions (including any Regulatory Approvals, any related filing, investigation or inquiry in connection with the Transactions) without giving the other parties hereto or their counsel reasonable prior notice of such meeting or discussions and, to the extent permitted by such Governmental Authority, the opportunity to attend or participate. However, each of Parent and the Company may (A) redact materials shared under this Section 5.5 as necessary (1) to comply with contractual arrangements, (2) remove references concerning valuation, (3) to address good faith legal privilege or confidentiality concerns and (4) to comply with applicable Law and (B) designate any non-public information provided to any Governmental Authority as restricted to “Outside Counsel” only, in which case any such information shall not be shared with employees, officers or directors or their equivalents of the other parties hereto without approval of the party hereto providing the non-public information. The parties hereto agree not to extend any waiting period under the HSR Act or enter into any agreement with any Governmental Authority to delay the consummation of, or otherwise not to consummate as soon as practicable, the Transactions, except with the prior written consent of the other parties hereto (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned).
Section 5.6 Public Announcements. The initial press release with respect to the execution of this Agreement shall be a joint press release to be reasonably agreed upon by Parent and the Company. Following such initial press release, Parent and the Company shall consult with each other before issuing, and give each other the opportunity to review and comment upon, any press release or other public statements with respect to the Transactions and shall not issue any such press release or make any such public statement without the other party’s written consent, except as such party may reasonably conclude may be required by applicable Law, court process or by obligations pursuant to any listing agreement with any national securities exchange or national securities quotation system (and then only after as much advance notice and consultation as is practicable); provided, however, that the restrictions set forth in this Section 5.6 shall not apply to any release or public statement (a) made or proposed to be made by the Company in accordance with the terms of this Agreement in connection with a Company Takeover Proposal, a Company Superior Proposal or a Company Adverse Recommendation Change or any action taken pursuant thereto, (b) made or proposed to be made by Parent in accordance with the terms of this Agreement in connection with a Parent Takeover Proposal, a Parent Superior Proposal or a Parent Adverse Recommendation Change or any action taken pursuant thereto or (c) in connection with any dispute between the parties hereto regarding this Agreement or the Transactions; provided further, that, subject to Section 5.5, the restrictions set forth in this Section 5.6 shall not limit the ability of any party hereto to make any public announcements or any public statements if the substance of such announcements or statements is not inconsistent in any material respects with the prior public disclosures by the parties hereto regarding the Transactions made in accordance with this Section 5.6.
Section 5.7 Access to Information; Confidentiality.
(a) Subject to applicable Laws (including any COVID-19 Measures) from the date hereof until the earlier of the First Effective Time or the date on which this Agreement is terminated in accordance with its terms, each of the Company and Parent shall, and shall cause its Subsidiaries to, afford to the other party and its Representatives reasonable access during normal business hours and upon reasonable notice its (or their respective Subsidiaries’) properties, books, Contracts and records, and each of the Company and Parent shall, and shall cause its Subsidiaries to, furnish promptly to the other party such information concerning its business and
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properties as such party may reasonably request; provided that the Company, Parent and their respective Representatives shall conduct any such activities in such a manner as not to interfere unreasonably with the business or operations of the other party; provided, further, that (i) the Company and Parent (or their respective Subsidiaries) shall not be obligated to provide such access or information if the Company or Parent, as applicable, determines, in its reasonable judgment, that doing so would violate applicable Law or a Contract with a third party or obligation of confidentiality owing to a third-party, jeopardize the protection of the attorney-client privilege, or expose such party to risk of liability for disclosure of sensitive or personal information (provided that the withholding party shall use its reasonable best efforts to allow for providing such access or information (or as much of it as possible) in a manner that does not violate applicable Law or a Contract or obligation of confidentiality, jeopardize the protection of the attorney-client privilege, or expose such party to risk of liability for disclosure of sensitive or personal information, including by (x) using its reasonable best efforts obtain the required consent of any third party to provide such access or information or (y) entering into a customary joint defense or common interest agreement) and (ii) in each case, such access may be limited to the extent the Company or Parent reasonably determines, in light of COVID-19 or COVID-19 Measures, that such access would jeopardize the health and safety of any employee of the Company or Parent, as applicable, or its Subsidiaries. Until the First Effective Time, the information exchanged pursuant to this Section 5.7 will be subject to the terms of the Confidentiality Agreement, dated as of April 29, 2020, between Parent and the Company (as it may be amended from time to time, the “Confidentiality Agreement”).
(b) The Company and Parent acknowledge and agrees that it (i) each had an opportunity to discuss the business of other party with the management of the other party, (ii) has had access to the books and records, facilities, contracts and other assets of the other party which it and its Affiliates have requested to review, (iii) has been afforded the opportunity to ask questions of and receive answers from officers of the other party and (iv) has conducted its own independent investigation of the other party, is businesses and the transactions contemplated hereby.
Section 5.8 Notification of Certain Matters.
(a) From and after the date of this Agreement until the First Effective Time, each party hereto shall promptly notify the other party hereto of (i) the occurrence or non-occurrence of any event that would reasonably be expected to cause any condition to the obligations of any party to effect the Mergers not to be satisfied, or (ii) the failure of the Company, Parent, Merger Sub or Merger Sub II, as the case may be, to comply with or satisfy any covenant, condition or agreement to be complied with or satisfied by it pursuant to this Agreement which would reasonably be expected to result in any condition to the obligations of any party to effect the Mergers not to be satisfied; provided, however, that the delivery of any notice pursuant to this Section 5.8(a) shall not cure any breach of any representation, warranty, covenant or agreement contained in this Agreement or otherwise limit or affect the remedies available hereunder to the party receiving such notice.
(b) Without limiting the parties’ obligations under Section 5.5(d), the Company shall give prompt notice to Parent, and Parent shall give prompt notice to the Company, of any notice or other communication received by such party from any Governmental Authority in connection with the Transactions, if the subject matter of such communication or the failure of such party to obtain such consent could be material to the Company, the Initial Surviving Company, the Final Surviving Company or Parent, as applicable.
(c) The parties hereto hereby agree that (i) a party’s compliance or failure to comply with this Section 5.8 shall not be taken into account for purposes of determining whether the conditions referred to in Section 6.2, as to the Company’s performance, or in Section 6.3, as to Parent’s, Merger Sub’s or Merger Sub II’s performance, have been satisfied and (ii) the delivery of any notice pursuant to this Section 5.8 shall not, in and of itself, affect or be deemed to modify any representation or warranty in this Agreement or the conditions to the obligations of the parties hereto to consummate the Transactions or the remedies available to the parties hereunder.
Section 5.9 Indemnification and Insurance.
(a) From and after the First Effective Time until the sixth anniversary thereof, Parent shall cause the Initial Surviving Company and the Final Surviving Company, as applicable, to, (i) indemnify, defend and hold harmless each current and former director, officer and employee of the Company and any of its Subsidiaries and each person who served as a director, officer, member, trustee or fiduciary of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, pension or other employee benefit plan or enterprise if such service was at the
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request or for the benefit of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (each, an “Indemnitee” and, collectively, the “Indemnitees”) against all claims, liabilities, losses, damages, judgments, fines, penalties, costs (including amounts paid in settlement or compromise) and expenses (including fees and expenses of legal counsel) in connection with any actual or threatened claim, suit, action, inquiry, proceeding or investigation (whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative) (each, a “Claim”), whenever asserted, arising out of, relating to or in connection with any action or omission relating to their position with the Company or its Subsidiaries with respect to any matters existing or occurring at or prior to the First Effective Time (including any Claim relating in whole or in part to the Agreement or the Transactions), to the fullest extent permitted under applicable Law and the Company Charter Documents as in effect on the date of this Agreement and (ii) assume all obligations of the Company and its Subsidiaries to the Indemnitees in respect of limitation of liability, exculpation, indemnification and advancement of expenses as provided in (A) the Company Charter Documents and the respective organizational documents of each of the Company’s Subsidiaries as currently in effect and (B) any indemnification agreements with an Indemnitee, which shall in each case survive the Transactions and continue in full force and effect to the extent permitted by applicable Law. Without limiting the foregoing, (x) at the First Effective Time, the Initial Surviving Company shall, and Parent shall cause the Initial Surviving Company to, cause the certificate of incorporation and by-laws of the Initial Surviving Company to include provisions for limitation of liabilities of directors and officers, indemnification, advancement of expenses and exculpation of the Indemnitees no less favorable to the Indemnitees than as set forth in the Company Charter Documents as in effect on the date of this Agreement, which provisions shall not be amended, repealed or otherwise modified in a manner that would adversely affect the rights thereunder of the Indemnitees except as required by applicable Law until the sixth anniversary of the First Effective Time and (y) at the Second Effective Time, the Final Surviving Company shall, and Parent shall cause the Final Surviving Company to, cause the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of the Final Surviving Company to include provisions for limitation of liabilities of directors and officers, indemnification, advancement of expenses and exculpation of the Indemnitees no less favorable to the Indemnitees than as set forth in the Company Charter Documents in effect on the date of this Agreement, which provisions shall not be amended, repealed or otherwise modified in a manner that would adversely affect the rights thereunder of the Indemnitees except as required by applicable Law until the sixth anniversary of the First Effective Time.
(b) From and after the First Effective Time until the sixth anniversary thereof, Parent shall, or shall cause the Initial Surviving Company and the Final Surviving Company, as applicable, to, pay and advance to an Indemnitee any expenses (including fees and expenses of legal counsel) in connection with any Claim relating to any acts or omissions covered under Section 5.9(a) or the enforcement of an Indemnitee’s rights under this Section 5.9 as and when incurred to the fullest extent permitted under applicable Law and the Company Charter Documents as in effect on the date of this Agreement, provided that the person to whom expenses are advanced provides an undertaking to repay such expenses (but only to the extent and in the form required by applicable Law, the Company Charter Documents, applicable organizational documents of Subsidiaries of the Company or applicable indemnification agreements).
(c) Each of Parent, the Initial Surviving Company and the Final Surviving Company shall cooperate with the Indemnitees in the defense of any Claim and shall provide access to properties and individuals as reasonably requested and furnish or cause to be furnished records, information and testimony, and attend such conferences, discovery proceedings, hearings, trials or appeals, as may be reasonably requested by an Indemnitee in connection therewith. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Section 5.9 or elsewhere in this Agreement, Parent shall not (and Parent shall cause the Initial Surviving Company and the Final Surviving Company not to) settle or compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment or otherwise seek termination with respect to any Claim, unless such settlement, compromise, consent or termination includes an unconditional release of all of the Indemnitees covered by the claim, action, suit, proceeding or investigation from all liability arising out of such Claim.
(d) For a period of six (6) years from the First Effective Time, Parent shall cause to be maintained in effect at least the same coverage provided by the policies of directors’ and officers’ liability insurance and fiduciary liability insurance in effect as of the date hereof maintained by the Company and its Subsidiaries with respect to matters arising on or before the First Effective Time either through the Company’s existing insurance provider or another provider reasonably selected by Parent; provided, however, that, after the First Effective Time, Parent shall not be required to pay annual premiums in excess of 300% of the last annual premium paid by the Company prior to the date hereof in respect of the coverages required to be obtained
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pursuant hereto, but in such case shall purchase as much coverage as reasonably practicable for such amount; provided, further, that in lieu of the foregoing insurance coverage, the Company may at any time purchase “tail” insurance coverage, at a cost no greater than the aggregate amount which Parent, the Initial Surviving Company or the Final Surviving Company would be required to spend during the six–year period provided for in this Section 5.9(d), that provides coverage no materially less favorable than the coverage described in this Section 5.9(d).
(e) The provisions of this Section 5.9 are (i) intended to be for the benefit of, and shall be enforceable by, each Indemnitee, his or her heirs and his or her representatives and (ii) in addition to, and not in substitution for or limitation of, any other rights to indemnification or contribution that any such Person may have by Law, contract or otherwise. The obligations of Parent, the Initial Surviving Company and Final Surviving Company under this Section 5.9 shall not be terminated or modified in such a manner as to adversely affect the rights of any Indemnitee to whom this Section 5.9 applies unless the affected Indemnitee shall have consented in writing to such termination or modification (it being expressly agreed that the Indemnitees to whom this Section 5.9 applies shall be third party beneficiaries of this Section 5.9).
(f) In the event that Parent, the Initial Surviving Company or Final Surviving Company or any of their respective successors or assigns (i) consolidates with or merges into any other Person and is not the continuing or surviving corporation or entity of such consolidation or merger or (ii) transfers or conveys all or substantially all of its properties and assets to any Person, then, and in each such case, proper provision shall be made so that the successors and assigns of Parent, the Initial Surviving Company and Final Surviving Company shall assume all of the obligations thereof set forth in this Section 5.9.
Section 5.10 Transaction Litigation. Each party hereto shall keep the other parties hereto reasonably informed of, and cooperate with the other parties hereto in connection with, any litigation or claim brought or threatened against any party hereto or its directors, officers or employees relating to the Transactions (any such litigation or claim, “Transaction Litigation”); provided, however, that the foregoing shall not require any party hereto to take any action if it may result in a waiver of any attorney-client or any other similar privilege; provided further that such party shall use its reasonable best efforts to allow for the taking of such action in a manner that does not result in a waiver of such privilege, including by entering into a customary joint defense or similar agreement. The Company shall give Parent the opportunity to participate in the defense of any Transaction Litigation brought or threatened against the Company or its directors, officers or employees, shall consider in good faith Parent’s advice with respect to such Transaction Litigation and shall not settle or agree to settle any such Transaction Litigation without Parent’s prior written consent (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned). Notwithstanding the above, Parent’s consent to settle any Transaction Litigation shall not be required to the extent such Transaction Litigation is settled solely for the payment of monies which are reasonably likely to be recoverable from insurance policies available to the Company or its Representatives (other than any deductibles or retention amounts applicable thereto).
Section 5.11 Section 16. The Company shall take all steps reasonably necessary to cause the Transactions, including any dispositions of equity securities of the Company (including derivative securities with respect to such equity securities of the Company) by each individual who is or will be subject to the reporting requirements of Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act with respect to the Company, to be exempt under Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act.
Section 5.12 Employee Matters.
(a) From and after the First Effective Time until the later of (i) one (1) year following the First Effective Time and (ii) December 31, 2021 (the “Continuation Period”), except as set forth on Section 5.12(a) of the Parent Disclosure Schedule, Parent shall provide, or shall cause to be provided, to each employee of the Company and its Subsidiaries (including the Initial Surviving Company, the Final Surviving Company and their Subsidiaries) as of the First Effective Time (“Company Employees”), (A) an annual base salary or base wages, cash incentive compensation opportunities and equity incentive compensation opportunities, in each case, that are no less favorable than the annual base salary or base wages, recurring cash incentive compensation opportunities and equity incentive compensation opportunities provided to such Company Employee immediately prior to the First Effective Time and (B) employee benefits that are comparable in the aggregate to the employee benefits (excluding for this purpose defined benefit pension, post-employment health and welfare benefits, equity-based compensation and change of control, retention or other one-off awards) provided to such Company Employee by
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the Company and its Subsidiaries immediately prior to the First Effective Time. In addition, (i) Parent shall or shall cause the Initial Surviving Company and Final Surviving Company to provide each Company Employee whose employment terminates during the Continuation Period with severance pay and benefits at levels equal to the greater of those provided under (A) the Company’s severance policies as set forth on Section 5.12(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule and (B) Parent’s severance policies applicable to similarly situated employees of Parent and (ii) such severance pay and benefits shall be determined taking into account the service crediting provisions set forth in Section 5.12(b).
(b) For all purposes (including purposes of vesting, eligibility to participate and level of benefits but not for purposes of defined benefit pension accrual) under the employee benefit plans of Parent and its Subsidiaries providing benefits to any Company Employee after the First Effective Time (including the Company Plans) (the “New Plans”), Parent shall credit each Company Employee with his or her years of service with the Company and its Subsidiaries and their respective predecessors before the First Effective Time, to the same extent as such Company Employee was entitled, immediately prior to the First Effective Time, to credit for such service under any similar Company Plan in which such Company Employee participated or was eligible to participate immediately prior to the First Effective Time; provided that the foregoing shall not apply to the extent that its application would result in a duplication of benefits with respect to the same period of service. In addition, and without limiting the generality of the foregoing, Parent shall use commercially reasonable efforts to cause (i) each Company Employee to become immediately eligible to participate, without any waiting time, in any and all New Plans to the extent coverage under such New Plan is replacing comparable coverage under a Company Plan in which such Company Employee participated immediately prior to the First Effective Time (such plans, collectively, the “Old Plans”), and (ii) for purposes of each New Plan providing medical, dental, pharmaceutical and/or vision benefits to any Company Employee, all pre-existing condition exclusions and actively-at-work requirements of such New Plan to be waived for such Company Employee and his or her covered dependents, to the extent such conditions were inapplicable or waived under the comparable Old Plans of the Company or its Subsidiaries in which such Company Employee participated immediately prior to the First Effective Time. Parent shall use commercially reasonable efforts to cause any eligible expenses incurred by any Company Employee and his or her covered dependents during the portion of the plan year of the Old Plan ending on the date such Company Employee’s participation in the corresponding New Plan begins to be taken into account under such New Plan for purposes of satisfying all applicable deductible, coinsurance and maximum out-of-pocket requirements applicable to such Company Employee and his or her covered dependents for the applicable plan year as if such amounts had been paid in accordance with such New Plan.
(c) From and after the First Effective Time, Parent shall cause the Initial Surviving Company, the Final Surviving Company and their Subsidiaries to honor all obligations under the Company Plans and compensation and severance arrangements and agreements in accordance with their terms as in effect immediately before the First Effective Time and Parent hereby acknowledges that the transactions contemplated hereunder shall be deemed to constitute a “change in control,” “change of control” or “corporate transaction” under the Company Plans listed on Section 5.12(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule.
(d) From and after the First Effective Time, Parent shall cause the Initial Surviving Company to continue to operate the Company’s annual incentive plans and any other applicable annual bonus plan for the performance period during which the First Effective Time occurs, consistent with past practice, through the end of the applicable performance period, and shall pay each Company Employee the bonus to which the Company Employee would be entitled for such performance period based on actual performance, and otherwise in accordance with the terms of such plans. In addition, to the extent that the First Effective Time occurs following the end of a performance period with respect to the Company’s annual incentive plans or any other applicable annual bonus plan and before the payment of bonuses for such completed performance period, Parent shall cause the Initial Surviving Company to pay to each Company Employee the bonus to which the Company Employee would be entitled for such performance period based on actual performance.
(e) Without limiting the generality of the foregoing provisions of this Section 5.12, the parties hereto hereby agree to take the additional actions set forth in Section 5.12(e) of the Company Disclosure Schedule.
(f) Without limiting the generality of Section 8.7, the provisions of this Section 5.12 are for the sole benefit of the parties to this Agreement and nothing herein, express or implied, is intended or shall be construed to confer upon or give any Person (including for the avoidance of doubt, any Company Employee or
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other current or former employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries), other than the parties hereto and their respective permitted successors and assigns, any legal or equitable or other rights or remedies (including with respect to the matters provided for in this Section 5.12) under or by reason of any provision of this Agreement. Nothing contained in this Agreement, express or implied, shall (i) be treated as an amendment to any Company Plan, Parent Plan or other compensation or benefit plan, program, policy, agreement, arrangement or understanding for any purpose, (ii) obligate Parent, the Initial Surviving Company or the Final Surviving Company to (A) maintain any particular benefit plan or arrangement or (B) retain the employment of any particular employee or (iii) prevent Parent, the Initial Surviving Company or the Final Surviving Company from amending or terminating any benefit plan or arrangement.
Section 5.13 Merger Subs; Initial Surviving Company; Final Surviving Company.
(a) Parent shall take all actions necessary to (i) cause each Merger Sub, the Initial Surviving Company and the Final Surviving Company to perform promptly their respective obligations under this Agreement and (ii) cause each Merger Sub to consummate the Mergers and the other Transactions on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement.
(b) Promptly following the execution and delivery of this Agreement, Parent shall adopt this Agreement as the sole stockholder, as applicable, of each Merger Sub and shall promptly provide evidence of such adoption to the Company.
Section 5.14 Takeover Laws. The Company, the Company Board, Parent and the Parent Boards shall each (a) use its reasonable best efforts to ensure that no state takeover statute or similar statute or regulation is or becomes applicable to the Transactions and (b) if any state takeover statute or similar statute becomes applicable to the Transactions, use its reasonable best efforts to ensure that such Transactions may be consummated as promptly as practicable on the terms contemplated by this Agreement and otherwise to minimize the effect of such statute or regulation on the Transactions.
Section 5.15 Establishment of ADR Facility; Reservation of Shares; Stock Exchange Listing.
(a) Parent shall cause a sponsored American depositary receipt (“ADR”) facility (the “ADR Facility”) to be established with a reputable national bank acceptable to the Company (which acceptance shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned) (the “Depositary Bank”) for the purpose of issuing the Parent ADSs issuable pursuant to this Agreement, including entering into a customary deposit agreement with the Depositary Bank establishing the ADR Facility (the “Deposit Agreement”), to be effective as of the First Effective Time, and causing to be filed with the SEC the Form F-6 in accordance with Section 5.2(d). Parent shall consider in good faith the comments of the Company on the Deposit Agreement and shall not enter into the Deposit Agreement without the prior written consent of the Company (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned). Subject to applicable Law, the Deposit Agreement shall (i) provide (A) that each Parent ADS under the ADR Facility shall represent and be exchangeable for one Parent Ordinary Share ranking pari passu with all other Parent Ordinary Shares in issue at the First Effective Time, including in respect of any entitlement to dividends or other distributions declared, paid or made after the First Effective Time, (B) for customary provisions for the voting by the Depositary Bank of such Parent Ordinary Shares as instructed by the holders of the Parent ADSs, (C) for the issuance, at the request of a holder of Parent ADSs, of either certificated or uncertificated ADRs, (D) subject to the limitations provided for in General Instruction I.A.1 of Form F-6, that holders of Parent ADSs shall have the right at any time to exchange their Parent ADSs for the underlying Parent Ordinary Shares and (E) that the Parent Ordinary Shares deposited by Parent with the custodian for the ADR Facility (the “Custodian”) shall be held by the Custodian for the benefit of the Depositary Bank, (ii) require the Depositary Bank to forward voting instructions and other shareholder communications (including notices, reports and solicitation materials) to the registered holders of Parent ADSs promptly following its receipt of such materials, (iii) include customary provisions for the distribution to holders of Parent ADSs of dividends, other distributions or the rights to participate in any rights offerings in each case received by the Custodian from Parent (or the U.S. dollars available to the Depositary Bank from the net proceeds of the sale of the foregoing) and (iv) not permit (x) except as required by applicable Law, any amendment that prejudices any right of Parent ADS holders or (y) any termination of the Deposit Agreement by Parent or the Depositary Bank, in the case under clause (x) or (y), on less than 30 days’ notice to holders of Parent ADSs. The Deposit Agreement shall not provide for (x) any right of Parent to withdraw Parent Ordinary Shares from the custody account maintained by the Custodian or (y) any fees to be imposed by the Depositary
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Bank upon holders of Parent ADSs in connection with the issuance of Parent ADSs in connection with the Transaction or the sale or transfer of such Parent ADSs on the NYSE or the NASDAQ. Parent shall cause the Parent ADSs to be eligible for settlement through DTC. The material terms of the Deposit Agreement and the Parent ADSs shall be described in the Form F-4.
(b) Parent shall cause (i) the Depositary Bank to issue a number of Parent ADSs sufficient to constitute the Merger Consideration, (ii) the Parent ADSs to be issued in connection with the Transactions to be approved for listing on the NYSE or the NASDAQ, subject to official notice of issuance, and (iii) the Parent Ordinary Shares underlying the Parent ADSs to be admitted to (x) listing on the Official List with a premium listing and to trading on the Premium Segment of the LSE’s Main Market for listed securities and (y) listing and trading on Euronext Amsterdam, in the case of each of clauses (x) and (y) only to the extent any Parent Ordinary Shares are then listed on such exchange.
(c) Parent shall prepare and file with the SEC a registration statement on an appropriate form, or a post-effective amendment to a registration statement previously filed under the Securities Act, with respect to the Parent ADSs subject to the Assumed Options and Assumed RSUs and, where applicable, shall use its reasonable best efforts to have such registration statement declared effective as of the First Effective Time and, to the extent required by applicable securities Law, to maintain the effectiveness of such registration statement covering the Assumed Options and Assumed RSUs (and to maintain the current status of the prospectus contained therein) for so long as the Assumed Options or Assumed RSUs remain outstanding
Section 5.16 Stock Exchange Delisting. Each of the Company and Parent agrees to cooperate with the other party in taking, or causing to be taken, all actions necessary to delist the Company Common Stock from the NYSE and terminate its registration under the Exchange Act promptly after the First Effective Time; provided that such delisting and termination shall not be effective until the First Effective Time. The Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to file with or furnish to the SEC reports required to be so filed or furnished under the Exchange Act within the time periods required under the Exchange Act. If the Final Surviving Company is required to file any quarterly or annual report by a filing deadline that is imposed by the Exchange Act and which falls on a date within the ten (10) days following the Closing Date, the Company shall make available to Parent, at or prior to the Closing Date, a substantially final draft of any such annual or quarterly report reasonably likely to be required to be filed during such period.
Section 5.17 Intended Tax Treatment.
(a) None of Parent, Merger Sub, Merger Sub II, the Company, or their respective Affiliates shall knowingly take or omit to take any action if such action or failure to act would reasonably be expected to prevent or impede the Mergers from qualifying for the Intended Tax Treatment.
(b) Parent and the Company shall execute and deliver officer’s certificates containing appropriate representations at such time or times as may be reasonably requested by their respective outside counsel, including on or prior to the effective date of the Form F-4 and the Closing Date, for purposes of rendering opinions with respect to the tax treatment of the Mergers (the “Tax Representation Letters”). Each party hereto shall use reasonable best efforts not to take or cause to be taken any action which would cause to be untrue (or fail to take or cause not to be taken any action which would cause to be untrue) any portion of the Tax Representation Letters.
(c) Parent shall reasonably promptly notify the Company, and the Company shall reasonably promptly notify Parent, in each case if such party becomes aware of any non-public fact or circumstance that would reasonably be likely to prevent or impede the Mergers from qualifying for the Intended Tax Treatment.
(d) If the Company receives the opinion of Kirkland, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Company, dated as of the Closing Date, rendered on the basis of facts, representations and assumptions set forth in such opinion and the Tax Representation Letters, all of which are consistent with the state of facts existing as of the Second Effective Time, to the effect that the Mergers will qualify for the Intended Tax Treatment, the parties hereto agree to treat and report the Mergers for all Tax purposes (including on all applicable Tax Returns) as qualifying for the Intended Tax Treatment.
(e) In the event that the Mergers would reasonably be expected to fail to qualify for the Intended Tax Treatment, the parties hereto agree (i) to cooperate in good faith to explore alternative structures that would permit the transactions contemplated hereby to qualify as a reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a)
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of the Code and (ii) if each party to this Agreement in the exercise of its reasonable business discretion agrees to pursue such an alternative structure, the parties hereto shall enter into an appropriate amendment to this Agreement to reflect such alternative structure and provide for such other changes necessitated thereby; provided, however, that failure of the parties hereto to agree to an alternative structure shall not cause any condition to Closing set forth herein not to be satisfied or otherwise cause any breach of this Agreement; and provided, further, that any actions taken pursuant to this Section 5.17(e) (x) shall not (A) without the consent of the Company and Parent, alter or change the amount, nature or mix of the Merger Consideration (or the consideration payable to holders of Options and Company RSUs pursuant to Section 2.4) or (B) impose any material economic or other costs on Parent or the Company and (y) shall be capable of consummation without material delay in relation to the structure contemplated herein.
(f) The parties hereto acknowledge and agree that the provisions of this Section 5.17, including implementation of an alternative structure under Section 5.17(e) above, shall not be a condition to Closing or create any independent conditions to closing.
Section 5.18 Treatment of Indebtedness.
(a) From the date of this Agreement until the earlier of the First Effective Time and the termination of this Agreement in accordance with Section 7.1, if and to the extent reasonably requested by Parent, the Company shall, subject to Section 5.18(b), provide reasonable cooperation to Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II in either (i) arranging for the termination of (x) the indenture listed in Section 3.16(a)(iii) of the Company Disclosure Schedule and (y) the credit agreement listed in Section 3.16(a)(iii) of the Company Disclosure Schedule (collectively, “Existing Debt Documents”) (and the related repayment or redemption thereof, or, with respect to outstanding letters of credit, the cash collateralization thereof or the assisting with obtaining any “backstop” letters of credit with respect thereto) at the First Effective Time (or such other date thereafter as agreed to by Parent and the Company), which repayment, redemption, cash collateralization or providing of “backstop” letters of credit shall be the sole responsibility of Parent, and the procurement of customary payoff letters and other customary release documentation in connection therewith or (ii) obtaining any consents required under any Existing Debt Documents to permit the consummation of the Transactions thereunder and obtaining any amendments to or other consents under the Existing Debt Documents as may be reasonably requested by Parent in connection with the Transactions (provided that, so long as the Company shall have reasonably cooperated in connection therewith, it shall bear no responsibility for any failure to so obtain such consents or amendments), including in the case of each of clauses (i) and (ii), if reasonably requested by Parent, the Company shall, and shall cause its Subsidiaries to, execute and deliver such customary notices, agreements, documents or instruments reasonably necessary in connection therewith.
(b) Notwithstanding anything in this Section 5.18 to the contrary, in no event shall the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of its officers, employees, advisors and other Representatives be required in connection with its obligations under Section 5.18(a) to (i) incur or agree to incur any out-of-pocket expenses unless they are promptly reimbursed by Parent, (ii) incur or agree to incur any commitment, tender, consent or amendment fee or any fee similar to any of the foregoing unless Parent provides the funding to the Company therefor, (iii) amend, repay, redeem or terminate or agree to amend, repay, redeem or terminate any Existing Debt Document, which amendment, repayment, redemption or termination is not conditioned on the Closing, or provide notice of any redemption, which redemption is not conditioned on the Closing, (iv) incur any liability in connection therewith prior to the Closing Date unless contingent upon the occurrence of the Closing, (v) take any actions that the Company reasonably believes could (A) violate the Company Charter Documents or any of its Subsidiaries’ certificate of incorporation or bylaws (or comparable documents), (B) violate any applicable Law, (C) constitute a default or violation under, or give rise to any right of termination, cancellation or acceleration of any right or obligation of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or to a loss of any benefit to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is entitled under any provision of, any Contract, or (D) result in the creation or imposition of any Lien on any asset of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (vi) fund any repayment, redemption, cash collateralization or provide any “backstop” letters of credit prior to the Closing, (vii) take, or commit to take, any action to authorize or approve, or execute or deliver any agreement, certificate or other document related to the Existing Debt Documents unless (A) such Person will continue to serve as a director or manager or officer, as the case may be, after the Closing and (B) the effectiveness of such authorization or approval or agreement, certificate or other document is expressly made contingent upon the occurrence of the Closing, or (viii) result in any of the Company’s or any of its Subsidiaries’ Representatives incurring any
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personal liability. Parent shall defend, indemnify and hold harmless the Company, its Subsidiaries and their respective Representatives from, against and in respect of any and all claims, liabilities, losses, damages, judgments, fines, penalties, costs (including amounts paid in settlement or compromise) and expenses (including fees and expenses of legal counsel) resulting from or incurred in connection with the cooperation required pursuant to Section 5.18(a) or any information utilized in connection therewith. Notwithstanding Section 5.18(a) or anything in this Agreement to the contrary, each of the parties hereto agrees that it is not a condition to the Closing that any payoff letters, consents, amendments or other related or similar actions described in Section 5.18(a) be obtained.
ARTICLE VI

CONDITIONS PRECEDENT
Section 6.1 Conditions to Each Party’s Obligation to Effect the Mergers. The respective obligations of each party hereto to effect the Mergers shall be subject to the satisfaction (or waiver, if permissible under applicable Law) on or prior to the First Effective Time of the following conditions:
(a) Stockholder Approvals. Each of the Company Stockholder Approval and the Parent Shareholder Approval shall have been obtained.
(b) Regulatory Approvals. (i) All waiting periods (and any extensions thereof) applicable to the Mergers under the HSR Act shall have been terminated or shall have expired, (ii) CMA Clearance shall have been obtained and (iii) CFIUS Approval shall have been obtained, in the case of each of clauses (i) through (iii), without the imposition of any terms, conditions or consequences that would, taken together with all actions undertaken with respect to the matters contemplated by Section 5.5, reasonably be expected to result in a Regulatory Material Adverse Effect.
(c) No Injunctions or Restraints. No applicable Law, injunction, judgment or ruling enacted, promulgated, issued, entered, amended or enforced by any Governmental Authority of competent jurisdiction (collectively, “Restraints”) shall be in effect enjoining, restraining, preventing or prohibiting consummation of the Transactions or making the consummation of the Transactions illegal.
(d) Listing. (i) The Parent ADSs issuable as the Merger Consideration shall have been approved for listing on the NYSE or the NASDAQ, subject only to official notice of issuance; (ii) the Parent Ordinary Shares underlying the Parent ADSs issuable as the Merger Consideration shall have been admitted (or the application for such admission shall have been approved), subject only to issuance, to (A) listing on the Official List with a premium listing and to trading on the Premium Segment of the LSE’s Main Market for listed securities and (B) listing and trading on Euronext Amsterdam, in the case of each of clauses (A) and (B) only to the extent any Parent Ordinary Shares are then listed on such exchange; and (iii) the Parent ADSs shall have become eligible for settlement through DTC.
(e) Form F-4; Parent Prospectus. The Form F-4 and the Form F-6 shall have each been declared effective by the SEC under the Securities Act, and the Form 8-A shall have become effective under the Exchange Act, and no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Form F-4, the Form F-6 or the Form 8-A shall have been issued by the SEC and remain in effect and no proceedings for that purpose shall have been initiated or threatened by the SEC. All necessary approvals or consents of the AFM and the FCA, in each case if then applicable, with respect to the Parent Prospectus shall have been obtained and shall be in full force and effect and, if then applicable, the AFM’s approval of the Parent Prospectus shall have been notified to the FCA in accordance with the Prospectus Regulation and applicable Law.
Section 6.2 Conditions to Obligations of Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II. The obligations of Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II to effect the Mergers are further subject to the satisfaction (or waiver, if permissible under applicable Law) on or prior to the First Effective Time of the following conditions:
(a) Representations and Warranties. Each of the representations and warranties of the Company contained in: (i) Section 3.1(a) (Organization, Standing and Corporate Power), Section 3.3 (Authority; Noncontravention), Section 3.18 (Opinion of Financial Advisor), Section 3.19 (Brokers and Other Advisors) and Section 3.20 (Company Stockholder Approval) shall be true and correct in all material respects, in each case as of the First Effective Time with the same effect as though made on and as of the First Effective Time (except to the extent that such representation and warranty expressly speaks as of an earlier date, in which case such
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representation and warranty shall be true and correct as of such earlier date); (ii) Section 3.2(a) and Section 3.2(b) (Capitalization) shall be true and correct in all respects, in each case as of the First Effective Time with the same effect as though made on and as of the First Effective Time (except to the extent that such representation and warranty expressly speaks as of an earlier date, in which case such representation and warranty shall be true and correct as of such earlier date), except for any de minimis inaccuracies (taking into account the size of the Company); and (iii) the other representations and warranties of the Company contained in Article III shall be true and correct, disregarding all qualifications and exceptions contained therein relating to materiality or Company Material Adverse Effect, in each case as of the First Effective Time with the same effect as though made on and as of the First Effective Time (except to the extent that such representation and warranty expressly speaks as of an earlier date, in which case such representation and warranty shall be true and correct as of such earlier date), except, in the case of this clause (iii), where the failure to be so true and correct does not have, and would not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect.
(b) Performance of Obligations of the Company. The Company shall have performed in all material respects all obligations required to be performed by it under this Agreement at or prior to the Closing Date.
(c) Absence of Company Material Adverse Effect. Since the date of this Agreement, there shall not have been any Company Material Adverse Effect.
(d) Company Certificate. The Company shall have delivered to Parent a certificate, dated as of the Closing Date and signed on its behalf by its Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer or General Counsel, certifying to the effect that the conditions set forth in Section 6.2(a), Section 6.2(b) and Section 6.2(c) have been satisfied.
Section 6.3 Conditions to Obligations of the Company. The obligation of the Company to effect the Mergers is further subject to the satisfaction (or waiver, if permissible under applicable Law) on or prior to the First Effective Time of the following conditions:
(a) Representations and Warranties. Each of the representations and warranties of Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II contained in: (i) Section 4.1(a) (Organization, Standing and Corporate Power), Section 4.3 (Authority; Noncontravention), Section 4.16 (Brokers and Other Advisors) and Section 4.19 (Parent Shareholder Approval) shall be true and correct in all material respects, in each case as of the First Effective Time with the same effect as though made on and as of the First Effective Time (except to the extent that such representation and warranty expressly speaks as of an earlier date, in which case such representation and warranty shall be true and correct as of such earlier date); (ii) Section 4.2(a) and Section 4.2(b) (Capitalization) shall be true and correct in all respects, in each case as of the First Effective Time with the same effect as though made on and as of the First Effective Time (except to the extent that such representation and warranty expressly speaks as of an earlier date, in which case such representation and warranty shall be true and correct as of such earlier date), except for any de minimis inaccuracies (taking into account the size of Parent); and (iii) the other representations and warranties of Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II contained in Article IV shall be true and correct, disregarding all qualifications and exceptions contained therein relating to materiality or Parent Material Adverse Effect, in each case as of the First Effective Time with the same effect as though made on and as of the First Effective Time (except to the extent that such representation and warranty expressly speaks as of an earlier date, in which case such representation and warranty shall be true and correct as of such earlier date), except, in the case of this clause (iii), where the failure to be so true and correct does not have, and would not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Parent Material Adverse Effect.
(b) Performance of Obligations of Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II. Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II shall have performed in all material respects all obligations required to be performed by them under this Agreement at or prior to the Closing Date.
(c) Absence of Parent Material Adverse Effect. Since the date of this Agreement, there shall not have been any Parent Material Adverse Effect.
(d) Parent Certificate. Parent shall have delivered to the Company a certificate, dated as of the Closing Date and signed on its behalf by its Chief Executive Officer or Chief Financial Officer, certifying to the effect that the conditions set forth in Section 6.3(a), Section 6.3(b) and Section 6.3(c) have been satisfied.
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Section 6.4 Frustration of Closing Conditions. None of the Company, Parent, Merger Sub or Merger Sub II may rely on the failure of any condition set forth in Section 6.1, Section 6.2 or Section 6.3, as the case may be, to be satisfied if such failure was caused by such party’s breach of or failure to perform any of its obligations under this Agreement.
ARTICLE VII

TERMINATION
Section 7.1 Termination. This Agreement may be terminated and the Transactions abandoned at any time prior to the First Effective Time, whether before or after receipt of the Company Stockholder Approval or the Parent Shareholder Approval, as applicable:
(a) by the mutual written consent of the Company and Parent; or
(b) by either of the Company or Parent:
(i)  if the First Effective Time shall not have occurred on or before June 10, 2021 (as such date is extended pursuant to the following proviso, as applicable, the “End Date”); provided, however, that if the Closing has not occurred by such date and on such date the conditions set forth in (x) Section 6.1(b) or (y) Section 6.1(c) if the Restraint relates to or is based on any Antitrust Law or the DPA, have not been satisfied or waived and each of the other conditions to consummation of the Mergers set forth in Article VI has been satisfied, waived or remains capable of satisfaction as of such date, then the End Date shall automatically be extended to September 10, 2021; provided, further, that the right to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1(b)(i) shall not be available to a party hereto if the failure of the First Effective Time to have occurred on or before the End Date was due, in whole or in part, to a breach by such party of its representations and warranties set forth in this Agreement or the failure by such party to perform any of its obligations under this Agreement; or
(ii) if any Restraint having the effect set forth in Section 6.1(c) shall be in effect and shall have become final and non-appealable; provided, however, that the right to terminate this Agreement under this Section 7.1(b)(ii) shall not be available to a party hereto if the issuance of such final, non-appealable Restraint was due, in whole or in part, to such party’s failure to perform any of its obligations under this Agreement, including any of its obligations pursuant to Section 5.5; or
(iii) if the Company Stockholders Meeting (including any postponement, adjournment or recess thereof) shall have concluded and the Company Stockholder Approval contemplated by this Agreement shall not have been obtained; or
(iv) if the Parent Shareholders Meeting (including any cancellation and reconvention thereof) shall have concluded and the Parent Shareholder Approval contemplated by this Agreement shall not have been obtained; or
(c) by Parent:
(i) if the Company shall have breached or failed to perform any of its covenants or agreements set forth in this Agreement, or if any of the representations or warranties of the Company contained in this Agreement fails to be true and correct, which breach or failure (A) would give rise to the failure of the conditions set forth in Section 6.2(a) or Section 6.2(b), and (B) is not reasonably capable of being cured by the Company by the End Date or, if reasonably capable of being cured, shall not have been cured within thirty (30) calendar days following receipt of written notice from Parent stating Parent’s intention to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1(c)(i) and the basis for such termination; providedhowever, that Parent shall not have the right to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1(c)(i) if it is then in material breach of any representation, warranties, covenants or other agreements hereunder, which breach would give rise to the failure of the conditions set forth in Section 6.3(a) or Section 6.3(b); or
(ii) if prior to obtaining the Company Stockholder Approval, the Company Board (or any duly authorized committee thereof) shall have effected a Company Adverse Recommendation Change; provided that Parent shall no longer have the right to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1(c)(ii) after the Company Stockholder Approval has been obtained; or
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(iii) prior to obtaining the Parent Shareholder Approval, in order to enter into a Parent Alternative Acquisition Agreement, in accordance with Section 5.4; provided that the right to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1(c)(iii) shall not be available to Parent unless Parent pays, has paid or causes to be paid, the Termination Fee to the Company in accordance with Section 7.4(a) (provided that the Company shall have provided wiring instructions for such payment or, if not, then such payment shall be paid promptly following delivery of such instructions); it being understood that Parent may enter into a Parent Alternative Acquisition Agreement simultaneously with the termination of this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1(c)(iii); or
(d) by the Company:
(i) if Parent, Merger Sub or Merger Sub II shall have breached or failed to perform any of its covenants or agreements set forth in this Agreement, or if any of the representations or warranties of Parent, Merger Sub or Merger Sub II contained in this Agreement fails to be true and correct, which breach or failure (A) would give rise to the failure of the conditions set forth in Section 6.3(a) or Section 6.3(b), and (B) is not reasonably capable of being cured by Parent, Merger Sub or Merger Sub II by the End Date or, if reasonably capable of being cured, shall not have been cured within thirty (30) calendar days following receipt of written notice from the Company stating the Company’s intention to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1(d)(i) and the basis for such termination; provided, however, that Company shall not have the right to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1(d)(i) if it is then in material breach of any representation, warranties, covenants or other agreements hereunder, which breach would give rise to the failure of the conditions set forth in Section 6.2(a) or Section 6.2(b); or
(ii) if prior to obtaining the Parent Shareholder Approval, the Parent Boards (or any duly authorized committee thereof) shall have effected a Parent Adverse Recommendation Change; provided that the Company shall no longer have the right to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1(d)(ii) after the Parent Shareholder Approval has been obtained; or
(iii) prior to obtaining the Company Stockholder Approval, in order to enter into a Company Alternative Acquisition Agreement, in accordance with Section 5.3; provided that the right to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1(d)(iii) shall not be available to the Company unless the Company pays, has paid or causes to be paid, the Termination Fee to Parent in accordance with Section 7.3(a) (provided that Parent shall have provided wiring instructions for such payment or, if not, then such payment shall be paid promptly following delivery of such instructions); it being understood that the Company may enter into a Company Alternative Acquisition Agreement simultaneously with the termination of this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1(d)(iii).
Section 7.2 Effect of Termination. In the event of the termination of this Agreement as provided in Section 7.1, written notice thereof shall be given to the other party or parties hereto, specifying the provision of this Agreement pursuant to which such termination is made, and this Agreement shall forthwith become null and void (other than Article VII, Article VIII and the last sentence of Section 5.7(a), all of which shall survive termination of this Agreement), and there shall be no liability on the part of Parent, Merger Sub, Merger Sub II or the Company or their respective former, current or future direct or indirect equity holders, general or limited partners, controlling persons, stockholders, members, managers, directors, officers, employees, agents, affiliates, assignees or other Representatives; provided, however, that, subject to Section 7.3 and Section 7.4 (including the limitations on liability contained therein), neither Parent nor the Company shall be relieved or released from any liabilities or damages arising out of fraud or a Willful and Material Breach.
Section 7.3 Payment of Termination Fee by the Company.
(a) In the event that this Agreement is terminated by the Company pursuant to Section 7.1(d)(iii), the Company shall pay or cause to be paid, as directed by Parent, the Termination Fee substantially concurrently with the termination of this Agreement.
(b) In the event that this Agreement is terminated by Parent pursuant to Section 7.1(c)(ii), the Company shall pay or cause to be paid, as directed by Parent, the Termination Fee within two (2) Business Days of such termination.
(c) In the event that (i) this Agreement is terminated (A) by Parent or the Company pursuant to Section 7.1(b)(i) or Section 7.1(b)(iii) or (B) by Parent pursuant to Section 7.1(c)(i), (ii) a bona fide Company
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Takeover Proposal shall have been made known to the Company Board or the Company or publicly disclosed after the date hereof and prior to the date of (x) the Company Stockholders Meeting (in the event of a termination pursuant to Section 7.1(b)(iii)) or (y) termination of this Agreement (in the event of a termination pursuant to Section 7.1(b)(i) or Section 7.1(c)(i)), and not abandoned or withdrawn (which abandonment or withdrawal shall be public if such Company Takeover Proposal has been publicly disclosed) prior to (1) the date of the Company Stockholders Meeting (in the event of a termination pursuant to Section 7.1(b)(iii)) or (2) the termination of this Agreement (in the event of a termination pursuant to Section 7.1(b)(i) or Section 7.1(c)(i)) and (iii) within twelve (12) months of the date this Agreement is terminated, the Company consummates any Company Takeover Proposal or enters into a definitive written agreement with respect to any Company Takeover Proposal that is subsequently consummated (provided that for purposes of clause (iii) of this Section 7.3(c), the references to “20%” in the definition of “Company Takeover Proposal” shall be deemed to be references to “50%”), then the Company shall pay or cause to be paid as directed by Parent the Termination Fee within two (2) Business Days following the consummation of such transaction.
(d) Notwithstanding the foregoing or anything in this Agreement to the contrary, in no event shall the Company be required to pay the Termination Fee pursuant to this Section 7.3 on more than one occasion. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, in circumstances where the Termination Fee is payable by the Company in accordance with Section 7.3(a), Section 7.3(b) or Section 7.3(c), Parent’s receipt of the Termination Fee (if received) from or on behalf of the Company, together with any amounts paid pursuant to the third and fourth sentences of Section 7.3(e), shall be Parent’s and the Merger Subs’ sole and exclusive remedy (whether based in contract, tort or strict liability, by the enforcement of any assessment, by any legal or equitable proceeding, by virtue of any statute, regulation or applicable Laws or otherwise) against the Company and its Subsidiaries and any of their respective former, current or future direct or indirect equity holders, general or limited partners, controlling persons, stockholders, members, managers, directors, officers, employees, agents, affiliates, assignees or other Company Representatives for all losses and damages suffered as a result of the failure of the Merger or the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement to be consummated, for any breach or failure to perform hereunder or otherwise, and upon payment of such amount, no such Person shall have any further liability or obligation relating to or arising out of this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby.
(e) Any amount that becomes payable pursuant to this Section 7.3 shall be paid by wire transfer of immediately available funds to an account designated by Parent and shall be reduced by any amounts required to be deducted or withheld therefrom under applicable Law in respect of Taxes; provided that each of Parent and the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to reduce or eliminate the deduction and withholding of any such amounts. The parties hereto acknowledge that the agreements contained in this Section 7.3 are an integral part of the transactions contemplated hereby, that, without these agreements, the parties would not enter into this Agreement and that any amounts payable pursuant to this Section 7.3 do not constitute a penalty. Accordingly, if the Company fails to promptly pay any amount due pursuant to this Section 7.3, the Company shall also pay any out-of-pocket costs and expenses (including reasonable legal fees and expenses) incurred by Parent entitled to such payment in connection with a legal action to enforce this Agreement that results in a judgment for such amount against the Company. Any amount not paid when due pursuant to this Section 7.3 shall bear interest from the date such amount is due until the date paid at a rate equal to the prime rate as published in The Wall Street Journal in effect on the date of such payment. Each of Parent and the Company shall take the position that any amount payable pursuant to this Section 7.3 is not subject to (reverse charge) value added Tax, and shall act in a manner consistent therewith (including filing Tax Returns consistent therewith and using reasonable best efforts to contest any contrary position in a Tax audit or similar proceeding). In no event shall any (reverse charge) value added Tax be deducted from any amount payable pursuant to this Section 7.3 and no party hereto shall be under any obligation to reimburse any other party hereto for any (reverse charge) value added Tax levied from or due by such other party.
Section 7.4 Payment of Termination Fee by Parent.
(a) In the event that this Agreement is terminated by Parent pursuant to Section 7.1(c)(iii), Parent shall pay or cause to be paid, as directed by the Company, the Termination Fee substantially concurrently with the termination of this Agreement.
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(b) In the event that this Agreement is terminated by the Company pursuant to Section 7.1(d)(ii), Parent shall pay or cause to be paid, as directed by the Company, the Termination Fee within two (2) Business Days of such termination.
(c) In the event that (i) this Agreement is terminated (A) by Parent or the Company pursuant to Section 7.1(b)(i) or Section 7.1(b)(iv) or (B) by the Company pursuant to Section 7.1(d)(i), (ii) a bona fide Parent Takeover Proposal shall have been made known to the Parent Boards or Parent or publicly disclosed after the date hereof and prior to the date of (x) the Parent Shareholders Meeting (in the event of a termination pursuant to Section 7.1(b)(iv)) or (y) termination of this Agreement (in the event of a termination pursuant to Section 7.1(b)(i) or Section 7.1(d)(i)), and not abandoned or withdrawn (which abandonment or withdrawal shall be public if such Parent Takeover Proposal has been publicly disclosed) prior to (1) the date of the Parent Shareholders Meeting (in the event of a termination pursuant to Section 7.1(b)(iv)) or (2) the termination of this Agreement (in the event of a termination pursuant to Section 7.1(b)(i) or Section 7.1(d)(i)) and (iii) within twelve (12) months of the date this Agreement is terminated, Parent consummates any Parent Takeover Proposal or enters into a definitive written agreement with respect to any Parent Takeover Proposal that is subsequently consummated (provided that for purposes of clause (iii) of this Section 7.4(c), the references to “20%” in the definition of “Parent Takeover Proposal” shall be deemed to be references to “50%”), then Parent shall pay or cause to be paid as directed by the Company the Termination Fee within two (2) Business Days following the consummation of such transaction.
(d) Notwithstanding the foregoing or anything in this Agreement to the contrary, in no event shall Parent be required to pay the Termination Fee pursuant to this Section 7.4 on more than one occasion. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, in circumstances where the Termination Fee is payable by Parent in accordance with Section 7.4(a), Section 7.4(b) or Section 7.4(c), the Company’s receipt of the Termination Fee (if received) from or on behalf of Parent, together with any amounts paid pursuant to the third and fourth sentences of Section 7.4(e), shall be the Company’s sole and exclusive remedy (whether based in contract, tort or strict liability, by the enforcement of any assessment, by any legal or equitable proceeding, by virtue of any statute, regulation or applicable Laws or otherwise) against Parent and its Subsidiaries (including the Merger Subs) and any of their respective former, current or future direct or indirect equity holders, general or limited partners, controlling persons, stockholders, members, managers, directors, officers, employees, agents, affiliates, assignees or other Parent Representatives for all losses and damages suffered as a result of the failure of the Merger or the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement to be consummated, for any breach or failure to perform hereunder or otherwise, and upon payment of such amount, no such Person shall have any further liability or obligation relating to or arising out of this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby.
(e) Any amount that becomes payable pursuant to Section 7.4 shall be paid by wire transfer of immediately available funds to an account designated by Parent and shall be reduced by any amounts required to be deducted or withheld therefrom under applicable Law in respect of Taxes; provided that each of Parent and the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to reduce or eliminate the deduction and withholding of any such amounts. The parties hereto acknowledge that the agreements contained in this Section 7.4 are an integral part of the transactions contemplated hereby, that, without these agreements, the parties would not enter into this Agreement and that any amounts payable pursuant to this Section 7.4 do not constitute a penalty. Accordingly, if Parent fails to promptly pay any amount due pursuant to this Section 7.4, Parent shall also pay any out-of-pocket costs and expenses (including reasonable legal fees and expenses) incurred by the Company entitled to such payment in connection with a legal action to enforce this Agreement that results in a judgment for such amount against Parent. Any amount not paid when due pursuant to this Section 7.4 shall bear interest from the date such amount is due until the date paid at a rate equal to the prime rate as published in The Wall Street Journal in effect on the date of such payment. Each of Parent and the Company shall take the position that any amount payable pursuant to this Section 7.4 is not subject to (reverse charge) value added Tax, and shall act in a manner consistent therewith (including filing Tax Returns consistent therewith and using reasonable best efforts to contest any contrary position in a Tax audit or similar proceeding). In no event shall any (reverse charge) value added Tax be deducted from any amount payable pursuant to this Section 7.4 and no party hereto shall be under any obligation to reimburse any other party hereto for any (reverse charge) value added Tax levied from or due by such other party.
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ARTICLE VIII

MISCELLANEOUS
Section 8.1 No Survival of Representations and Warranties. None of the representations, warranties and covenants in this Agreement or in any instrument delivered pursuant to this Agreement shall survive the First Effective Time except for the covenants and agreements set forth in Section 5.9, Article I, and Article II and any other covenant or agreement of the parties that by its terms contemplates performance in whole or in part after the First Effective Time. The Confidentiality Agreement shall (a) survive termination of this Agreement in accordance with its terms and (b) terminate as of the First Effective Time.
Section 8.2 Fees and Expenses. Except as expressly provided in this Agreement (including Section 7.3 and Section 7.4), whether or not the Mergers are consummated, all fees and expenses incurred in connection with the Mergers, this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby shall be paid by the party hereto incurring or required to incur such fees or expenses; provided that Parent shall (a) pay all transfer, documentary, sales, use, stamp, registration and other similar Taxes incurred in connection with the transactions contemplated by Article II and (b) pay or cause to be paid the filing fee for the CFIUS joint voluntary notice pursuant to Subpart K of 31 C.F.R. part 800.
Section 8.3 Amendment or Supplement. This Agreement may be amended by the parties hereto, by action taken or authorized by their respective boards of directors, at any time before or after approval of the matters presented in connection with the Mergers by the stockholders of the Company or the shareholders of Parent, but, after any such approval, no amendment shall be made which by Law requires further approval by such stockholders or shareholders or which reduces the Merger Consideration or adversely affects the holders of Company Common Stock, without approval by such holders.
Section 8.4 Waiver. At any time prior to the First Effective Time, any party hereto may, to the extent permitted by applicable Law, (a) waive any inaccuracies in the representations and warranties of any other party hereto, (b) extend the time for the performance of any of the obligations or acts of any other party hereto or (c) waive compliance by any other party hereto with any of the agreements contained herein or, except as otherwise provided herein, waive any of the conditions to such party’s obligation to effect the Mergers, except that, after obtaining the Company Stockholder Approval or the Parent Shareholder Approval, as applicable, there may not be, without further approval of such stockholders or shareholders, as applicable, any extension or waiver of this Agreement or any portion hereof which by Law requires further approval by such stockholders or shareholders or which reduces the Merger Consideration or adversely affects the holders of Company Common Stock, without approval by such holders. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no failure or delay by the Company, Parent, Merger Sub or Merger Sub II in exercising any right hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof nor shall any single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right hereunder. Any agreement on the part of a party hereto to any such extension or waiver shall be valid only if set forth in an instrument in writing signed on behalf of such party.
Section 8.5 Assignment. Neither this Agreement nor any of the rights, interests or obligations hereunder shall be assigned, in whole or in part, by operation of Law or otherwise, by any of the parties hereto without the prior written consent of the other parties hereto. No assignment by any party hereto shall relieve such party of any of its obligations hereunder. Subject to the preceding two sentences, this Agreement shall be binding upon, inure to the benefit of, and be enforceable by, the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns. Any purported assignment not permitted under this Section 8.5 shall be null and void.
Section 8.6 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts (each of which shall be deemed to be an original but all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement) and shall become effective when one or more counterparts have been signed by each of the parties and delivered (by electronic communication, facsimile or otherwise) to the other parties. This Agreement shall become effective when each party hereto shall have received a counterpart hereof signed by all of the other parties hereto, it being understood and agreed that all parties hereto need not sign the same counterpart. Signatures to this Agreement transmitted by electronic mail in PDF form, or by any other electronic means designed to preserve the original graphic and pictorial appearance of a document (including DocuSign), will be deemed to have the same effect as physical delivery of the paper document bearing the original signatures.
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Section 8.7 Entire Agreement; Third-Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement, including the Company Disclosure Schedule and Parent Disclosure Schedule, and the exhibits hereto, together with any other instruments delivered hereunder and the Confidentiality Agreement, (a) constitute the entire agreement, and supersede all other prior agreements and understandings, both written and oral, among the parties hereto, or any of them, with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof and (b) except for, if the First Effective Time occurs, (i) the rights of the holders of Shares, Options and Company RSUs to receive the Merger Consideration and the consideration payable pursuant to Section 2.4 and Section 2.5, as applicable, at the First Effective Time and (ii) the provisions of Section 5.9, is not intended to and shall not confer upon any Person other than the parties hereto any rights or remedies hereunder.
Section 8.8 Governing Law; Jurisdiction.
(a) This Agreement, and all claims or causes of action (whether in contract, tort or otherwise) that may be based upon, arise out of or relate to this Agreement, or the negotiation, execution or performance of this Agreement, shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to any choice or conflict of laws provision or rule (whether of the State of Delaware or any other jurisdiction) that would cause the application of the Laws of any jurisdiction other than the State of Delaware, except that any provisions of this Agreement which expressly relate to the fiduciary duties of directors which arise under the laws of the Netherlands shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the Netherlands.
(b) Each party hereto hereby agrees that all actions and proceedings arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the agreements delivered in connection herewith or the Transactions or for recognition or enforcement of any judgment relating thereto shall be heard and determined in the Chancery Court of the State of Delaware and any state appellate court therefrom sitting in New Castle County in the State of Delaware (or, if the Chancery Court of the State of Delaware declines to accept jurisdiction over a particular matter, any federal court within the State of Delaware) and each party hereto irrevocably and unconditionally agrees that (i) it will not attempt to deny or defeat such personal jurisdiction by motion or other request for leave from any such court, (ii) it will not commence any such action or proceeding except in such courts, (iii) it will waive, to the fullest extent it may legally and effectively do so, any objection that it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any such action or proceeding in such courts, (iv) it will waive, to the fullest extent permitted by Law, the defense of an inconvenient forum to the maintenance of such action or proceeding in such courts and (v) a final judgment in any action or proceeding shall be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by Law.
(c) Each party hereto irrevocably consents to the service of summons and complaint and any other process whether inside or outside the territorial jurisdiction of the courts referred to in this Section 8.8 in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the agreements delivered in connection herewith or the Transactions or for recognition or enforcement of any judgment relating thereto by mailing copies thereof by registered or certified United States mail, postage prepaid, return receipt requested, to its address as specified in or pursuant to this Article VIII. However, the foregoing shall not limit the right of a party to effect service of process on the other party by any other legally available method.
(d) Parent shall, no later than ten (10) Business Days following the date of this Agreement, irrevocably appoint in accordance with applicable Law a registered agent for service of process in the State of Delaware to accept and acknowledge service of any and all processes against it in any Action by a party hereto permitted under the terms of this Agreement, with the same effect as if Parent had been lawfully served with such process in such jurisdiction and shall maintain such an agent for service of process until the First Effective Time, and Parent waives all claims of error by reason of such service; provided that the party hereto effecting such service shall also deliver a copy thereof on the date of such service to the other parties hereto by email in accordance with Section 8.11. Parent shall confirm such irrevocable appointment and communicate the identity and address of such registered agent to the Company within two (2) Business Day of such irrevocable appointment.
Section 8.9 WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. EACH PARTY HERETO ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT ANY CONTROVERSY WHICH MAY ARISE UNDER THIS AGREEMENT IS LIKELY TO INVOLVE COMPLICATED AND DIFFICULT ISSUES, AND THEREFORE IT HEREBY IRREVOCABLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY
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RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN RESPECT OF ANY LITIGATION DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT AND ANY OF THE AGREEMENTS DELIVERED IN CONNECTION HEREWITH OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR THEREBY. EACH PARTY HERETO CERTIFIES AND ACKNOWLEDGES THAT (A) NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF ANY OTHER PARTY HERETO HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PARTY HERETO WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER, (B) IT UNDERSTANDS AND HAS CONSIDERED THE IMPLICATIONS OF SUCH WAIVER, (C) IT MAKES SUCH WAIVER VOLUNTARILY AND (D) IT HAS BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVER AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION 8.9.
Section 8.10 Specific Enforcement. The parties hereto agree that irreparable damage would occur for which monetary damages, even if available, would not be an adequate remedy in the event that any of the provisions of this Agreement are not performed in accordance with their specific terms or are otherwise breached. It is accordingly agreed that the parties hereto shall be entitled to seek an injunction or injunctions to prevent breaches or threatened breaches of this Agreement and to enforce specifically the performance of the terms and provisions of this Agreement, including the right of a party hereto to cause the other parties hereto to consummate the Mergers and the other transactions contemplated hereby, this being in addition to any other remedy to which they are entitled at law or in equity. The parties hereto further agree not to assert that a remedy of specific enforcement is unenforceable, invalid, contrary to applicable Law or inequitable for any reason. In the event any party hereto seeks any remedy referred to in this Section 8.10, such party shall not be required to prove damages or obtain, furnish, provide or post any bond or similar instrument in connection with or as a condition to obtaining any remedy referred to in this Section 8.10 and each party hereto waives any objection to the imposition of such relief or any right it may have to require the obtaining, furnishing, providing or posting of any such bond or similar instrument. The parties hereto further agree that (a) by seeking the remedies provided for in this Section 8.10, a party hereto shall not in any respect waive its right to seek any other form of relief that may be available to a party hereto under this Agreement, including, subject to Section 7.2, monetary damages in the event that this Agreement has been terminated or in the event that the remedies provided for in this Section 8.10 are not available or otherwise are not granted, and (b) nothing contained in this Section 8.10 shall require any party hereto to institute any proceeding for (or limit such party’s right to institute any proceeding for) specific performance under this Section 8.10 before exercising any termination right under Section 7.1 (or pursuing damages after such termination), nor shall the commencement of any action pursuant to this Section 8.10 or anything contained in this Section 8.10 restrict or limit any party’s right to terminate this Agreement in accordance with the terms of Section 7.1 or pursue any other remedies under this Agreement that may be available then or thereafter. For the avoidance of doubt, in no event shall the Company or Parent be entitled to both (i) specific performance to cause the other party to consummate the Transactions and (ii) the payment of the Termination Fee.
Section 8.11 Notices. All notices, requests and other communications to any party hereto hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed given if (i) emailed (which is confirmed), (ii) delivered personally (which is confirmed) with a copy by email or (iii) sent by overnight courier (providing proof of delivery) with a copy by email to the parties at the following addresses:
 
If to Parent, Merger Sub or Merger Sub II, to:
 
 
 
 
 
Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V.
 
 
Oosterdoksstraat 80
 
 
1011 DK Amsterdam
 
 
The Netherlands
 
 
Attention:
Sophie Versteege
 
 
Email:
sophie.versteege@takeaway.com
 
 
 
 
 
 
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
 
 
 
 
 
Cravath, Swaine & Moore LLP
 
 
Worldwide Plaza
 
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825 Eighth Avenue
 
 
New York, NY 10019
 
 
Attention:
G.J. Ligelis Jr.
 
 
Email:
gligelisjr@cravath.com
 
 
 
 
 
 
and
 
 
 
 
 
 
De Brauw Blackstone Westbroek N.V.
 
 
Claude Debussylaan 80
 
 
1082 MD Amsterdam
 
 
The Netherlands
 
 
Attention:
Klaas de Vries
 
 
Email:
klaas.devries@debrauw.com
 
 
 
 
 
 
If to the Company, to:
 
 
 
 
 
Grubhub Inc.
 
 
5 Bryant Park, 15th Floor
 
 
New York, NY 10018
 
 
Attention:
Maggie Drucker, Chief Legal Officer and Secretary
 
Email:
mdrucker@grubhub.com
 
 
 
 
 
 
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
 
 
 
 
 
Kirkland & Ellis LLP
 
 
601 Lexington Avenue
 
 
New York, NY 10022
 
 
Attention:
Daniel Wolf
 
 
 
Laura Sullivan
 
 
Email:
daniel.wolf@kirkland.com
 
 
 
laura.sullivan@kirkland.com
 
 
 
 
 
 
and
 
 
 
 
 
NautaDutilh N.V.
 
 
Beethovenstraat 400
 
 
1082 PR Amsterdam
 
 
The Netherlands
 
 
Attention:
Stefan Wissing
 
 
Email:
stefan.wissing@nautadutilh.com
 
or such other U.S. address or email address as such party may hereafter specify by like notice to the other parties hereto. All such notices, requests and other communications shall be deemed received on the date of receipt by the recipient thereof if received prior to 5 p.m. in the place of receipt and such day is a Business Day in the place of receipt. Otherwise, any such notice, request or communication shall be deemed not to have been received until the next succeeding Business Day in the place of receipt.
Section 8.12 Severability. If any term or other provision of this Agreement is determined by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced by any rule of law or public policy, all other terms, provisions and conditions of this Agreement shall nevertheless remain in full force and effect. Upon such determination that any term or other provision of this Agreement is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced, the parties hereto shall negotiate in good faith to modify this Agreement so as to effect the original intent of the parties as closely as possible to the fullest extent permitted by applicable Law.
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Section 8.13 Definitions. As used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the meanings ascribed to them below:
Acceptable Confidentiality Agreement” shall mean a customary confidentiality agreement (which need not contain standstill provisions), joint defense agreement, clean team agreement or common interest agreement containing provisions that are no less favorable in the aggregate to the Company or Parent, as applicable, than those contained in the Confidentiality Agreement (other than that it need not contain standstill provisions) or any joint defense agreement, clean team agreement or common interest agreement between Parent and the Company (as applicable), with any changes thereto as may be reasonably necessary to give effect to the identity of the party; provided that an Acceptable Confidentiality Agreement may include provisions that are less favorable in the aggregate to the Company or Parent, as applicable, than those contained in the Confidentiality Agreement or any joint defense agreement, clean team agreement or common interest agreement between Parent and the Company (as applicable), so long as the Company or Parent, as applicable, offers to amend the Confidentiality Agreement, or any joint defense agreement, clean team agreement or common interest agreement between Parent and the Company (as applicable), concurrently with execution of such Acceptable Confidentiality Agreement to include substantially similar provisions for the benefit of the parties thereto.
Action” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.7.
ADR” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.15(a).
ADR Facility” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.15(a).
Affiliate” shall mean, as to any Person, any other Person that, directly or indirectly, controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with, such Person. For this purpose, “control” (including, with its correlative meanings, “controlled by” and “under common control with”) shall mean the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of management or policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of securities or partnership or other ownership interests, by contract or otherwise; provided, however, that for purposes of this Agreement, the Persons listed on Section 5.4(f) of the Parent Disclosure Schedule shall be deemed not to be Affiliates of Parent.
AFM” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.4.
Agreement” shall have the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
Anti-Corruption Laws” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.22.
Antitrust Laws” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.5(a).
Assumed Option” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.4(a).
Assumed RSU” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.4(b).
Balance Sheet Date” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.5(f).
Bankruptcy and Equity Exception” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.3(a).
Board Nominations” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.19.
Board Nominee Approval” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.19.
Book-Entry Shares” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.1(c)(ii).
Business Day” shall mean a day except a Saturday, a Sunday or other day on which the SEC or banks in any of the City of New York, United States of America, London, The United Kingdom or Amsterdam, The Netherlands are authorized or required by Law to be closed.
CARES Act” shall mean the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act, as signed into law by the President of the United States on March 27, 2020.
CDIs” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.6(a).
Certificate” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.1(c)(ii).
CFIUS” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.4.
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CFIUS Approval” shall mean (i) a written notification (including by email) issued by CFIUS that it has determined that the Transactions are not a “covered transaction” and not subject to review by CFIUS under applicable Law, (ii) a written notification (including by email) issued by CFIUS that it has concluded all action under the DPA and determined that there are no unresolved national security concerns with respect to the Transactions or (iii) if CFIUS has sent a report to the President of the United States (the “President”) requesting the President’s decision and either (A) the President shall have notified the parties hereto of his determination not to use his powers pursuant to the DPA to suspend or prohibit the consummation of the Transactions or (B) the fifteen (15) days allotted for presidential action under the DPA shall have passed without any determination by the President.
Claim” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.9(a).
Clayton Act” shall mean the Clayton Act of 1914.
Closing” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.2.
Closing Date” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.2.
Closing VWAP” shall mean the volume-weighted average price of Parent Ordinary Shares (as reported by Bloomberg) on the LSE for the five (5) trading days immediately prior to the Closing Date.
CMA” shall mean the United Kingdom Competition and Markets Authority.
CMA Briefing Note” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.5(b).
CMA Clearance” shall mean the earliest of (a) the CMA having indicated (whether orally or in writing) to Parent in response to the CMA Briefing Note that the CMA has no further questions as at the date of that response; (b) in the event that the CMA does not respond to the CMA Briefing Note, the CMA not having given notice of the launch of a merger inquiry into the Transactions within eight (8) weeks of submission of the CMA Briefing Note; (c) the CMA having issued a decision that the Transactions will not be subject to a Phase 2 CMA Reference under section 33 of the Enterprise Act of 2002; (d) the period for the CMA considering a merger notice under section 96 of the Enterprise Act 2002 having expired without a Phase 2 CMA Reference being made; or (e) where the Transactions have been subject to a Phase 2 CMA Reference, the CMA allowing the Transactions to proceed whether or not subject to Restrictions.
Code” shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Company” shall have the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
Company Adverse Recommendation Change” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.3(c).
Company Alternative Acquisition Agreement” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.3(d).
Company Board” shall mean the board of directors of the Company.
Company Board Recommendation” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.3(c).
Company Capitalization Date” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.2(a).
Company Charter Documents” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(c).
Company Common Stock” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.1.
Company Disclosure Schedule” shall have the meaning set forth in the Article III Preamble.
Company Employees” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.12(a).
Company Environmental Permits” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.12.
Company Impairment Effect” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(a).
Company Intervening Event” shall mean a material event or circumstance with respect to the Company or Parent or any of their respective Subsidiaries that was neither known nor reasonably foreseeable by the Company Board as of the date of this Agreement (or if known or reasonably foreseeable, the consequences of which were not known or reasonably foreseeable by the Company Board as of the date of this Agreement), which event or circumstance, or any consequence thereof, becomes known to the Company Board prior to obtaining the
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Company Stockholder Approval; provided, however, that in no event shall any of the following constitute a Company Intervening Event or be taken into account in determining whether a Company Intervening Event has occurred: (i) the receipt, existence or terms of any inquiry, offer or proposal that constitutes or would reasonably be expected to lead to, a Company Takeover Proposal or any matter relating thereto, (ii) any event or circumstance arising in connection with obtaining Regulatory Approvals, (iii) any change in the market price, or change in trading volume, of the capital stock of the Company or Parent (it being understood that the events or circumstances giving rise or contributing to such change may be deemed to constitute a Company Intervening Event or be taken into accounting in determining whether a Company Intervening Event has occurred) or (iv) the fact that the Company, Parent or any of their respective Subsidiaries exceeds or fails to meet internal, analysts’ or other earnings estimates or financial projections or forecasts for any period, or any changes in credit ratings and any changes in any analysts’ recommendations or ratings with respect to the Company, Parent or any of their respective Subsidiaries (it being understood that the events or circumstances giving rise or contributing thereto may be deemed to constitute a Company Intervening Event or be taken into accounting in determining whether a Company Intervening Event has occurred).
Company IT Assets” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.13(f).
Company Leased Real Property” shall mean all leasehold or subleasehold estates and other rights to use or occupy any land, buildings, structures, improvements, fixtures or other interest in material real property held by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
Company Leases” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.16(a)(x).
Company Licensed IP” shall mean any and all Intellectual Property licensed or otherwise provided from any third Person to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
Company Material Adverse Effect” shall mean any change, event, circumstance, occurrence, effect, development or state of facts (collectively, “Effects”) that, individually or in the aggregate, has had or would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the business, results of operations or financial condition of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole; provided that no Effect shall be deemed to constitute, or be taken into account in determining whether there has been, or would reasonably be expected to be, a Company Material Adverse Effect to the extent arising out of, resulting from or relating to any of the following: (i) any Effect generally affecting any of the industries or markets in which the Company or its Subsidiaries operates; (ii) any promulgation or enactment of, implementation of, enforcement of, change in interpretation of, change in implementation of, or change in enforcement of, any Law or GAAP or governmental policy; (iii) general economic, regulatory or political conditions (or changes therein), including any governmental shutdown or slowdown, or conditions (or changes therein) in the financial, credit or securities markets (including changes in interest rates, currency exchange rates, monetary policy or fiscal policy), in any country or region in which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries conducts business; (iv) any acts of God, natural disasters, terrorism, armed hostilities, sabotage, war, curfews, riots, demonstrations or public disorders or any escalation or worsening of acts of terrorism, armed hostilities, war, riots, demonstrations or public disorders; (v) any epidemic, pandemic or disease outbreak (including COVID-19) or any COVID-19 Measures or any change in such COVID-19 Measures or interpretations thereof following the date of this Agreement; (vi) the announcement, pendency of or performance of the Transaction, including by reason of the identity of Parent and including the impact of any of the foregoing on any relationships, contractual or otherwise, with customers, suppliers, distributors, collaboration partners, employees or regulators (provided that the exception set forth in this clause (vi) shall not apply with respect to the representation and warranty in Section 3.3(b) to the extent that the purpose of such representation or warranty is to address the consequences resulting from the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement or the consummation of any of the Transactions and, to the extent related to such representation and warranty, the condition set forth in Section 6.2(a)); (vii) the taking of any action expressly required by the terms of this Agreement or taken at the written request of, or with the prior written consent of, Parent or Merger Subs; (viii) any change in the market price, or change in trading volume, of the capital stock of the Company (it being understood that the Effects giving rise or contributing to such change may be deemed to constitute, or be taken into account in determining whether there has been, or would reasonably be expected to be, a Company Material Adverse Effect to the extent that they are not otherwise excluded by clauses (i) through (x) hereof); (ix) any failure by the Company or its Subsidiaries to meet internal, analysts’ or other earnings estimates or financial projections or forecasts for any period, or any changes in credit ratings and any changes in any analysts recommendations or ratings with respect to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (it
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being understood that the Effects giving rise or contributing to such failure or change may be deemed to constitute, or be taken into account in determining whether there has been, or would reasonably be expected to be, a Company Material Adverse Effect to the extent that they are not otherwise excluded by clauses (i) through (x) hereof); and (x) any Transaction Litigation; except, in each of clauses (i) through (v), such Effect shall be taken into account in the determination of whether a Company Material Adverse Effect has occurred solely to the extent (and only to the extent) that such Effect materially and disproportionately affected the Company and its Subsidiaries relative to other participants in the industries in the same geographies in which the Company and its Subsidiaries operate.
Company Material Contract” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.16(a).
Company Owned IP” shall mean any and all Intellectual Property owned or purported to be owned by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
Company Pension Plan” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.10(d).
Company Permits” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.8(a).
Company Plans” shall mean (i) each “employee benefit plan” (as such term is defined in Section 3(3) of ERISA, whether or not subject to ERISA) that the Company or any of its Subsidiaries sponsors, participates in, is a party or contributes to, is required to sponsor, contribute to or maintain, or with respect to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries would reasonably be expected to have any liability and (ii) each other compensation or benefit plan, program, agreement or arrangement, whether written or unwritten, including any stock option, stock purchase, stock appreciation right or other stock or stock-based incentive plan, cash bonus, pension, retention or incentive compensation arrangement, retirement or deferred compensation or change in control plan, disability, vacation, death benefit, hospitalization, medical, profit sharing plan, unemployment or severance compensation plan, or employment or consulting agreement, for any current or, to the extent that the Company continues to have liability or obligations thereunder, former employee, director, officer or independent contractor or other service provider of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries that does not constitute an “employee benefit plan” (as defined in Section 3(3) of ERISA), that the Company or any of its Subsidiaries sponsors, participates in, is a party or contributes to or is required to sponsor, contribute to or maintain or with respect to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries would reasonably be expected to have any liability.
Company Preferred Stock” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.2(a).
Company Related Party Transaction” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.23.
Company Representatives” shall mean any Representatives of the Company and its Affiliates.
Company RSUs” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.4(b).
Company SEC Documents” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.5(a).
Company Securities” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.2(b).
Company Stock Plans” shall mean the Company’s 2015 Long-Term Incentive Plan, the Company’s 2013 Omnibus Incentive Plan, the SCVNGR 2013 Stock Incentive Plan and the Tapingo Ltd. 2011 Option Plan, in each case, as amended from time to time.
Company Stockholder Approval” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.20.
Company Stockholders Meeting” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.2(b).
Company Superior Proposal” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.3(g).
Company Takeover Proposal” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.3(f).
Confidentiality Agreement” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.7(a).
Continuation Period” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.12(a).
Contract” shall mean any loan or credit agreement, debenture, note, bond, mortgage, indenture, deed of trust, lease, license, contract or other legally binding agreement.
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COVID-19” shall mean SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19, and any evolutions or mutations thereof or related or associated epidemics, pandemic or disease outbreaks.
COVID-19 Measures” shall mean any quarantine, “shelter in place,” “stay at home,” workforce reduction, social distancing, shut down, closure, sequester, safety or similar Law, directive, guidelines or recommendations promulgated by any industry group or any Governmental Authority, including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization, in each case, in connection with or in response to COVID-19, including the CARES Act and Families First Act.
CREST” shall mean the system for the paperless settlement of trades in securities and the holding of uncertificated securities operated by Euroclear UK & Ireland Limited in accordance with the UK Uncertificated Securities Order.
Custodian” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.15(a).
Deposit Agreement” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.15(a).
Depositary Bank” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.15(a).
DGCL” shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules” shall mean the disclosure guidance and transparency rules made under Part VI of the UK Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 and as contained in the FCA’s publication of the same name.
DOJ” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.5(b).
DPA” means Section 721 of the Defense Production Act of 1950 (codified at 50 U.S.C. § 4565) and all rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, including those codified at 31 C.F.R. Parts 800 and 801.
Driver” shall mean each individual providing services to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries who is not an employee of the Company or one of its Subsidiaries, including individuals engaged as “Delivery Partners”, “independent delivery professionals”, a member of the Company’s “independent contractor driver network”.
DTC” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.3(b).
Effect” shall have the meaning set forth in the definition of “Company Material Adverse Effect”.
End Date” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 7.1(b)(i).
Environmental Laws” shall mean all Laws relating to pollution or to the protection, investigation or restoration of the environment or natural resources, including Laws relating to Releases of hazardous materials or the protection of human health and safety (as it relates to exposure to hazardous materials).
ERISA” shall mean the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974.
ERISA Affiliate” shall mean any entity, trade or business that is, or was at the relevant time, a member of a group described in Section 414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of the Code or Section 4001(b)(1) of ERISA that includes or included any other entity, trade or business, or that is, or was at the relevant time, a member of the same “controlled group” as such other entity, trade or business pursuant to Section 4001(a)(14) of ERISA.
Exchange Act” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.4.
Exchange Agent” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.3(a).
Exchange Fund” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.3(a).
Exchange Ratio” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.1(c)(i).
Excluded Shares” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.1(b).
Existing Debt Documents” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.18(a).
Families First Act” shall mean the Families First Coronavirus Response Act, as signed into law by the President of the United States on March 18, 2020.
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FCA” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.4.
Federal Trade Commission Act” shall mean the Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914.
Filed Company SEC Documents” shall have the meaning set forth in the Article III Preamble.
Filed Parent Public Documents” shall have the meaning set forth in the Article IV Preamble.
Final Bylaws” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.5(d).
Final Certificate of Incorporation” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.5(c).
Final Surviving Company” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.1(b).
First Certificate of Merger” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.3.
First Effective Time” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.3.
FMSA” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.4.
Foreign Antitrust Laws” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.4.
Form 8-A” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.2(d).
Form F-4” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.4.
Form F-6” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.2(d).
FTC” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.5(b).
GAAP” shall mean generally accepted accounting principles in the United States.
Governmental Authority” shall mean any U.S. federal, state or local, domestic, non-U.S. or multinational government, court, regulatory or administrative agency, commission, authority, self-regulatory organization, arbitral tribunal or other legislative, executive or judicial governmental entity (in each case including any self-regulatory organization).
Governmental Closure” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.5(b).
HSR Act” shall mean the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976.
IFRS” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.5(b).
Indebtedness” shall mean (i) any indebtedness for borrowed money (including the issuance of any debt security), (ii) any capital lease obligations, (iii) any obligations pursuant to securitization or factoring programs or arrangements and (iv) any guarantee of any of the foregoing indebtedness, debt securities or obligations of any other Person.
Indemnitee” or “Indemnitees” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.9(a).
Initial Bylaws” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.5(b).
Initial Certificate of Incorporation” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.5(a).
Initial Merger” shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Initial Surviving Company” shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Initial Surviving Company Stock” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.1(a).
Intellectual Property” shall mean, in any and all jurisdictions throughout the world, all (i) patents and patent applications, including continuations, continuations-in-part, divisionals, reexaminations and reissues, (ii) trademarks, trade names, trade dress, service marks, trade names, logos, corporate names, internet domain names, social media accounts and other source identifiers, and any registrations of and applications for registration of any of the foregoing, together with all goodwill associated with each of the foregoing, (iii) copyrights, including copyrights in Software, mask works and databases, and any registrations of and applications for registration of any of the foregoing, (iv) trade secrets and other proprietary information or know-how, (v) Software, and (vi) other intellectual property or similar proprietary rights.
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Intended Tax Treatment” shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals.
IRS” shall mean the U.S. Internal Revenue Service.
IT Assets” shall mean any and all information technology assets or systems, including computer hardware of any type (including servers, desktops, laptops, and workstations), mobile devices, Software, networking or communications equipment (including routers, hubs, switches), peripherals, storage devices or solutions, data communications lines and all other information technology-related assets, equipment and associated documentation.
Kirkland” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.2.
Knowledge” shall mean, (i) in the case of the Company, the actual knowledge, after reasonably inquiry, of the individuals listed on Section 8.13 of the Company Disclosure Schedule and (ii) in the case of Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II, the actual knowledge, after reasonable inquiry, of the individuals listed on Section 8.13 of the Parent Disclosure Schedule.
Laws” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.8(a).
Lien” shall mean any pledge, lien, charge, encumbrance, mortgage, deed of trust, lease, license, restriction, hypothecation, options to purchase or lease or otherwise acquire any interest, right of first refusal or offer, conditional sales or other title retention agreement, adverse claim of ownership or use, easement, encroachment, right of way or other title defect or security interest of any kind or nature whatsoever.
Listing Rules” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.4.
LSE” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.4.
Management Board Nominee” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.7(c).
Merger Consideration” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.1(c)(i).
Mergers” shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Merger Sub” shall have the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
Merger Sub II” shall have the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
Merger Subs” shall have the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
Multiemployer Plan” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.10(e).
NASDAQ” shall mean the Nasdaq Global Select Market.
New Plans” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.12(b).
NYSE” shall mean the New York Stock Exchange.
Old Plans” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.12(b).
Option” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.4(a).
Ordinary Course of Business” shall mean an action taken, or omitted to be taken, by any Person in the ordinary course of such Person’s business.
Parent” shall have the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
Parent 2024 Convertible Bonds” shall mean the 2.25% convertible bonds due January 25, 2024 issued by Parent pursuant to the Trust Deed, dated January 25, 2019, between Takeaway.com N.V. and Stichting Trustee Takeaway.com as trustee for the holders of the bonds.
Parent 2026 Convertible Bonds” shall mean the 1.25% convertible bonds due April 30, 2026 issued by Parent pursuant to the Trust Deed, dated April 30, 2020, between Parent and Stichting Trustee Just Eat Takeaway.com as trustee for the holders of the bonds.
Parent ADSs” shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Parent Adverse Recommendation Change” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(c).
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Parent Alternative Acquisition Agreement” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(d).
Parent Board Recommendation” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.2(f).
Parent Boards” shall mean the Supervisory Board of Parent and the Management Board of Parent.
Parent Capitalization Date” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.2(a).
Parent Charter Documents” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.1(c).
Parent Circulars” shall mean the Parent Circular and, if applicable, any Supplementary Parent Circular.
Parent Disclosure Schedule” shall have the meaning set forth in the Article IV Preamble.
Parent Environmental Permits” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.12.
Parent Impairment Effect” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.1(a).
Parent Intervening Event” shall mean a material event or circumstance with respect to the Company or Parent or any of their respective Subsidiaries that was neither known nor reasonably foreseeable by the Parent Boards as of the date of this Agreement (or if known or reasonably foreseeable, the consequences of which were not known or reasonably foreseeable by the Parent Boards as of the date of this Agreement), which event or circumstance, or any consequence thereof, becomes known to the Parent Boards prior to obtaining the Parent Shareholder Approval; provided, however, that in no event shall any of the following constitute a Parent Intervening Event or be taken into account in determining whether a Parent Intervening Event has occurred: (i) the receipt, existence or terms of any inquiry, offer or proposal that constitutes or would reasonably be expected to lead to, a Parent Takeover Proposal or any matter relating thereto, (ii) any event or circumstance arising in connection with obtaining Regulatory Approvals, (iii) any change in the market price, or change in trading volume, of the capital stock of the Company or Parent (it being understood that the events or circumstances giving rise or contributing to such change may be deemed to constitute a Parent Intervening Event or be taken into accounting in determining whether a Parent Intervening Event has occurred) or (iv) the fact that the Company, Parent or any of their respective Subsidiaries exceeds or fails to meet internal, analysts’ or other earnings estimates or financial projections or forecasts for any period, or any changes in credit ratings and any changes in any analysts’ recommendations or ratings with respect to the Company, Parent or any of their respective Subsidiaries (it being understood that the events or circumstances giving rise or contributing thereto may be deemed to constitute a Parent Intervening Event or be taken into accounting in determining whether a Parent Intervening Event has occurred).
Parent Licensed IP” shall mean any and all Intellectual Property licensed or otherwise provided from any third Person to Parent or any of its Subsidiaries.
Parent Management Board Resolutions” shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Parent Material Adverse Effect” shall mean any Effect that, individually or in the aggregate, has had or would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the business, results of operations or financial condition of Parent and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole; provided that no Effect shall be deemed to constitute, or be taken into account in determining whether there has been, or would reasonably be expected to be, a Parent Material Adverse Effect to the extent arising out of, resulting from or relating to any of the following: (i) any Effect generally affecting any of the industries or markets in which Parent or its Subsidiaries operates; (ii) any promulgation or enactment of, implementation of, enforcement of, change in interpretation of, change in implementation of, or change in enforcement of, any Law, GAAP or IFRS or governmental policy; (iii) general economic, regulatory or political conditions (or changes therein), including any governmental shutdown or slowdown, or conditions (or changes therein) in the financial, credit or securities markets (including changes in interest rates, currency exchange rates, monetary policy or fiscal policy), in any country or region in which Parent or any of its Subsidiaries conducts business; (iv) any acts of God, natural disasters, terrorism, armed hostilities, sabotage, war, curfews, riots, demonstrations or public disorders or any escalation or worsening of acts of terrorism, armed hostilities, war, riots, demonstrations or public disorders; (v) any epidemic, pandemic or disease outbreak (including COVID-19), or any COVID-19 Measures or any change in such COVID-19 Measures or interpretations thereof following the date of this Agreement; (vi) the announcement, pendency of or performance of the Transaction, including by reason of the identity of the Company and including the impact of any of the foregoing on any relationships, contractual or otherwise, with customers, suppliers, distributors,
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collaboration partners, employees or regulators (provided that the exception set forth in this clause (vi) shall not apply with respect to the representation and warranty in Section 4.3(b) to the extent that the purpose of such representation or warranty is to address the consequences resulting from the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement or the consummation of any of the Transactions and, to the extent related to such representation and warranty, the condition set forth in Section 6.3(a)); (vii) the taking of any action expressly required by the terms of this Agreement or taken at the written request of, or with the prior written consent of, the Company; (viii) any change in the market price, or change in trading volume, of the capital stock of Parent (it being understood that the Effects giving rise or contributing to such change may be deemed to constitute, or be taken into account in determining whether there has been, or would reasonably be expected to be, a Parent Material Adverse Effect to the extent that they are not otherwise excluded by clauses (i) through (ix) hereof); and (ix) any failure by Parent or its Subsidiaries to meet internal, analysts’ or other earnings estimates or financial projections or forecasts for any period, or any changes in credit ratings and any changes in any analysts recommendations or ratings with respect to Parent or any of its Subsidiaries (it being understood that the Effects giving rise or contributing to such failure or change may be deemed to constitute, or be taken into account in determining whether there has been, or would reasonably be expected to be, a Parent Material Adverse Effect to the extent that they are not otherwise excluded by clauses (i) through (ix) hereof); except, in each of clauses (i) through (v), such Effect shall be taken into account in the determination of whether a Parent Material Adverse Effect has occurred solely to the extent (and only to the extent) that such Effect materially and disproportionately affected Parent and its Subsidiaries relative to other participants in the industries in the same geographies in which Parent and its Subsidiaries operate.
Parent Material Contract” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.15(a).
Parent Option” shall mean a stock option that represents the right to acquire Parent Ordinary Shares granted under any Parent Stock Plan.
Parent Ordinary Shares” shall mean ordinary shares in the share capital of Parent with a nominal value of € 0.04 per share.
Parent Owned IP” shall mean any and all Intellectual Property owned or purported to be owned by Parent or any of its Subsidiaries.
Parent Permits” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.8(a).
Parent Plans” shall mean (i) each “employee benefit plan” (as such term is defined in Section 3(3) of ERISA, whether or not subject to ERISA) that Parent or any of its Subsidiaries sponsors, participates in, is a party or contributes to, or is required to sponsor, contribute to or maintain, or with respect to which Parent or any of its Subsidiaries would reasonably be expected to have any liability and (ii) each other compensation or benefit plan, program, agreement or arrangement, whether written or unwritten, including any stock option, stock purchase, stock appreciation right or other stock or stock-based incentive plan, cash bonus, pension, retention or incentive compensation arrangement, retirement or deferred compensation or change in control plan, disability, vacation, death benefit, hospitalization, medical, profit sharing plan, unemployment or severance compensation plan, or employment or consulting agreement, for any current or, to the extent that the Company continues to have liability or obligations thereunder, former employee, director, officer or independent contractor or other service provider of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries that does not constitute an “employee benefit plan” (as defined in Section 3(3) of ERISA), that Parent or any of its Subsidiaries sponsors, participates in, is a party or contributes to or is required to sponsor, contribute to or maintain or with respect to which Parent or any of its Subsidiaries would reasonably be expected to have any liability.
Parent Prospectus” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.2(d).
Parent Public Reports” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.5(a).
Parent Representatives” shall mean any Representatives of Parent and its Affiliates.
Parent Securities” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.2(b).
Parent Shareholder” shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Parent Shareholder Approval” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.19.
Parent Shareholders Meeting” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.2(e).
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Parent Stock Plans” shall mean (i) the Long Term Incentive Plan as set forth in the remuneration policy for the Management Board of Parent, (ii) the Takeaway.com N.V. Employee Share and Option Plan, (iii) the Just Eat Takeaway.com Performance Share Plan, (iv) the Just Eat Takeaway.com Restricted Shares Plan, (v) the New Deferred Share Bonus Plan, (vi) the Just Eat Deferred Share Bonus Plan, (vii) the Just Eat Group Holdings Limited Company Share Option Plan, (viii) the Just Eat Group Holdings Limited Company Share Option Plan No. 2, (ix) the Ireland Sharesave Scheme, (x) the UK Sharesave Scheme and (xi) the International Sharesave Scheme.
Parent Superior Proposal” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(g).
Parent Support Agreement” shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Parent Takeover Proposal” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(f).
Permitted Liens” shall mean (i) statutory Liens for Taxes, assessments or other charges by Governmental Authorities not yet due and payable or the amount or validity of which is being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings and for which appropriate reserves have been established in accordance with GAAP or IFRS, as applicable, (ii) mechanics’, materialmen’s, carriers’, workmen’s, warehouseman’s, repairmen’s, landlords’ and similar Liens granted or which arise in the ordinary course of business which are not due and payable, (iii) Liens reflected in the Filed Company SEC Documents or Filed Parent Public Documents, as applicable, (iv) Liens on real property arising under or in connection with applicable building and zoning laws, codes, ordinances, land use Laws and state and federal regulations regulating the use or occupancy of such real property or the activities conducted thereon which are not violated by the current use or occupancy of such real property or the operation of the business thereon, (v) easements, rights-of-way, encroachments, restrictions, covenants, conditions and other similar Liens on real property that (A) are disclosed in the public records, or (B) individually or in the aggregate, (1) are not substantial in character, amount or extent in relation to the applicable real property and (2) do not materially and adversely impact the Company’s or Parent’s, as applicable, current or contemplated use or the utility or value of the applicable real property or otherwise materially and adversely impair the Company’s or Parent’s, as applicable, present or contemplated business operations at such location, (vi) non-exclusive licenses of Intellectual Property granted in the Ordinary Course of Business and (vii) such other Liens that, individually or in the aggregate, would not be material to the Company or Parent and their respective Subsidiaries taken as a whole, as applicable.
Person” shall mean an individual, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association, trust, unincorporated organization, other entity or group (as defined in the Exchange Act), including a Governmental Authority.
Phase 2 CMA Reference” shall mean a reference by the CMA to its chair for the constitution of a group under Schedule 4 to the Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act 2013.
Pre-Emptive Rights Authorization” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.19.
Prospectus Regulation” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.2(d).
Prospectus Regulation Rules” shall mean the prospectus regulation rules made by the FCA pursuant to Part VI of the UK Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, referred to in section 73(a)(4) of the same and the UK Prospectus Regulation Rules Instrument 2019, and contained in the FCA’s publication of the same name.
Proxy Statement/Prospectus” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.4.
Regulatory Approvals” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.5(b).
Regulatory Material Adverse Effect” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.5(c).
Release” shall mean any spilling, leaking, pumping, pouring, emitting, emptying, discharging, injecting, escaping, leaching, dumping or disposing into the environment.
Representatives” shall mean, with respect to any Person, the advisors, attorneys, accountants, consultants or other representatives (acting in such capacity) retained by such Person or any of its controlled Affiliates, together with directors, officers and employees of such Person and its Subsidiaries.
Restraints” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 6.1(c).
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Restriction” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.5(b).
Sarbanes-Oxley Act” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.5(a).
SEC” shall mean the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
Second Certificate of Merger” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.3.
Second Effective Time” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.3.
Securities Act” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(b).
Shares” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.1(c)(i).
Sherman Act” shall mean the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890.
Software” shall mean any and all (i) computer programs or software of any type (including applications, mobile applications, browser-based applications, interfaces, tools, and software implementations of algorithms, models or processes) and in any form (including source code, object code and executable code), and related documentation, (ii) databases and compilations or collections of data, and all data related thereto, and related documentation, (iii) screens, user interfaces, reports, development tools, templates, menus, buttons and icons, (iv) descriptions, flow charts and other work product used to design, plan, organize, build and develop any of the foregoing, (v) all documentation including user manuals and other training documentation relating to any of the foregoing and (vi) technology supporting any of the foregoing, in each case together with all rights therein.
STAK” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.4(c).
STAK DR” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.4(c).
Subsequent Merger” shall have the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Subsidiary” when used with respect to any party, shall mean any corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association, trust or other entity of which securities or other ownership interests representing more than 50% of the equity and more than 50% of the ordinary voting power (or, in the case of a partnership, more than 50% of the general partnership interests) are, as of such date, owned by such party or one or more Subsidiaries of such party or by such party and one or more Subsidiaries of such party; provided, however, that for purposes of this Agreement, the Persons listed on Section 5.4(f) of the Parent Disclosure Schedule shall be deemed not to be Subsidiaries of Parent.
Supervisory Board Nominees” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1.7(c).
Supplementary Parent Circular” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.4.
Tax Representation Letters” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.17(b).
Tax Returns” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.9(c).
Taxes” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.9(c).
Termination Fee” shall mean an amount equal to $144,000,000.
Transaction Approvals” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.19.
Transaction Litigation” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.10.
Transaction Proposal” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.19.
Transactions” refers collectively to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including the Mergers, and the Parent Support Agreement, as applicable.
Willful and Material Breach” shall mean with respect to any material breach of a covenant or other agreement, that the breaching party took or failed to take action with Knowledge that the action so taken or omitted to be taken constituted a material breach of such covenant or agreement.
Section 8.14 Interpretation.
(a) When a reference is made in this Agreement to an Article, a Section, Exhibit or Schedule, such reference shall be to an Article of, a Section of, or an Exhibit or Schedule to, this Agreement unless
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otherwise indicated. The table of contents, headings and captions contained in this Agreement are for reference purposes only and shall not affect in any way the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement. Whenever the words “include”, “includes” or “including” are used in this Agreement, they shall be deemed to be followed by the words “without limitation”. The words “hereof”, “herein” and “hereunder” and words of similar import when used in this Agreement shall refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular provision of this Agreement. The words “date hereof” when used in this Agreement shall refer to the date of this Agreement. The terms “or”, “any” and “either” are not exclusive. The word “extent” in the phrase “to the extent” shall mean the degree to which a subject or other thing extends, and such phrase shall not mean simply “if”. The word “will” shall be construed to have the same meaning and effect as the word “shall”. All terms defined in this Agreement shall have the defined meanings when used in any document made or delivered pursuant hereto unless otherwise defined therein. The definitions contained in this Agreement are applicable to the singular as well as the plural forms of such terms and to the masculine as well as to the feminine and neuter genders of such term. Any agreement, instrument or statute defined or referred to herein or in any agreement or instrument that is referred to herein means such agreement, instrument or statute as from time to time amended, modified or supplemented, including (in the case of agreements or instruments) by waiver or consent and (in the case of statutes) by succession of comparable successor statutes and references to all attachments thereto and instruments incorporated therein and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. Unless otherwise specifically indicated, all references to “dollars” or “$” shall refer to the lawful money of the United States. References to a Person are also to its permitted assigns and successors. References to “made available” (or similar words of import) in respect of information made available by the Company or Parent mean information made available to Parent or the Company, as applicable (including any information made available in the virtual data room maintained by the Company or Parent, as applicable). All references to “days” shall be to calendar days unless otherwise indicated as a “Business Day”.
(b) The parties hereto have participated jointly in the negotiation and drafting of this Agreement and, in the event an ambiguity or question of intent or interpretation arises, this Agreement shall be construed as jointly drafted by the parties hereto and no presumption or burden of proof shall arise favoring or disfavoring any party by virtue of the authorship of any provision of this Agreement.
(c) All capitalized terms not defined in the Company Disclosure Schedule or the Parent Disclosure Schedule shall have the meanings ascribed to them in this Agreement. The representations and warranties of Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II and the Company are made and given, and the covenants are agreed to, subject to the disclosures and exceptions set forth in the corresponding section of the Company Disclosure Schedule or the Parent Disclosure Schedule, as applicable. Any information set forth in one section or subsection of the Company Disclosure Schedule or Parent Disclosure Schedule shall be deemed to be set forth in each other section and subsection of the Company Disclosure Schedule or Parent Disclosure Schedule, respectively, to which the applicability of such information is reasonably apparent on its face. The inclusion of any item in the Company Disclosure Schedule or Parent Disclosure Schedule shall not be deemed to be an admission or evidence of materiality of such item, nor shall it establish any standard of materiality for any purpose whatsoever. No disclosure in the Company Disclosure Schedule or Parent Disclosure Schedule relating to any possible breach or violation of any Contract or Law shall be construed as an admission or indication that any such breach or violation exists or has actually occurred. In no event shall the listing of any matter in the Company Disclosure Schedule or Parent Disclosure Schedule be deemed or interpreted to expand the scope of the respective party’s representations, warranties or covenants set forth in this Agreement. All attachments to the Company Disclosure Schedule and Parent Disclosure Schedule are incorporated by reference into the section or subsection of Company Disclosure Schedule or Parent Disclosure Schedule, as applicable, in which they are directly or indirectly referenced. The information contained in the Company Disclosure Schedule or Parent Disclosure Schedule is in all events provided subject to and on the terms of the Confidentiality Agreement as though it were Evaluation Material (as such term is defined therein) thereunder.
(d) The representations and warranties in this Agreement are the product of negotiations among the parties hereto and are for the sole benefit of those parties. Any inaccuracies in such representations and warranties are subject to waiver by the parties hereto in accordance with Section 8.4 without notice or liability to any other Person. In some instances, the representations and warranties in this Agreement may represent an
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allocation among the parties hereto of risks associated with particular matters regardless of the knowledge of any of those parties. Consequently, Persons other than the parties hereto may not rely on the representations and warranties in this Agreement as characterizations of actual facts or circumstances as of the date of this Agreement or as of any other date.
[Signature Page Follows]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed and delivered as of the date first above written.
 
GRUBHUB INC.
 
 
 
 
 
By:
/s/ Matt Maloney
 
 
Name:
Matt Maloney
 
 
Title:
Chief Executive Officer
[Signature Page to Agreement and Plan of Merger]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed and delivered as of the date first above written.
 
CHECKERS MERGER SUB I, INC.
 
 
 
 
 
By:
/s/ Sophie Versteege
 
 
Name:
Sophie Versteege
 
 
Title:
Secretary
 
CHECKERS MERGER SUB II, INC.
 
 
 
 
 
By:
/s/ Sophie Versteege
 
 
Name:
Sophie Versteege
 
 
Title:
Secretary
 
JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V.
 
 
 
 
 
By:
/s/ Jitse Groen
 
 
Name:
Jitse Groen
 
 
Title:
Chief Executive Officer
[Signature Page to Agreement and Plan of Merger]
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Annex A-2
EXECUTION VERSION
FIRST AMENDMENT TO AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
This First Amendment (this “Amendment”) to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of June 10, 2020 (the “Merger Agreement”), by and among Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., a public company with limited liability (naamloze vennootschap) incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands (“Parent”), Checkers Merger Sub I, Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of Parent (“Merger Sub”), Checkers Merger Sub II, Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of Parent (“Merger Sub II”), and Grubhub Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), is made by and among Parent, Merger Sub, Merger Sub II and the Company as of September 4, 2020. Capitalized terms used but not defined in this Amendment have the meanings ascribed to them in the Merger Agreement.
RECITALS
WHEREAS, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Amendment, the parties desire to amend the Merger Agreement to extend the End Date.
NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the mutual covenants and agreements hereof, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties agree as follows:
AGREEMENT
SECTION 1.1 Extension of End Date. Section 7.1(b)(i) of the Merger Agreement is hereby amended and restated in its entirety as follows:
“(i) if the First Effective Time shall not have occurred on or before December 31, 2021 (the “End Date”); provided, further, that the right to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1(b)(i) shall not be available to a party hereto if the failure of the First Effective Time to have occurred on or before the End Date was due, in whole or in part, to a breach by such party of its representations and warranties set forth in this Agreement or the failure by such party to perform any of its obligations under this Agreement; or”
SECTION 1.2 Representations and Warranties of the Company. The Company represents and warrants to Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II that:
(a) The Company has all necessary corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this Amendment.
(b) The execution and delivery of this Amendment have been duly authorized and approved by the Company Board, and no other corporate action on the part of the Company is necessary to authorize the execution and delivery of this Amendment.
(c) This Amendment has been duly executed and delivered by the Company and, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery hereof by the other parties hereto, constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, subject to the Bankruptcy and Equity Exception.
SECTION 1.3 Representations and Warranties of Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II. Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II jointly and severally represent and warrant to the Company that:
(a) Each of Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II has all necessary corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this Amendment.
(b) The execution and delivery of this Amendment have been duly authorized and approved by all necessary corporate action by Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II (including by the Parent Boards and the board of directors of each Merger Sub), and no other corporate action on the part of Parent, Merger Sub or Merger Sub II is necessary to authorize the execution and delivery of this Amendment.
(c) This Amendment has been duly executed and delivered by Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II and, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery hereof by the Company, constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of each of Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II, enforceable against each of them in accordance with its terms, subject to the Bankruptcy and Equity Exception.
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SECTION 1.4 Full Force and Effect. Except to the extent specifically amended hereby, the Merger Agreement remains unchanged and in full force and effect. From and after the execution of this Amendment, each reference in the Merger Agreement to “this Agreement,” “hereof”, “hereunder” or words of similar import will be deemed to mean the Merger Agreement, as amended by this Amendment, and each reference to the “date hereof”, the “date of this Agreement” or words of similar import will continue to mean June 10, 2020.
SECTION 1.5 Entire Agreement. This Amendment and the Merger Agreement (including the Company Disclosure Schedule and Parent Disclosure Schedule and the exhibits thereto), together with any other instruments delivered hereunder or thereunder and the Confidentiality Agreement, constitute the entire agreement, and supersede all other prior agreements and understandings, both written and oral, among the parties hereto, or any of them, with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof.
SECTION 1.6 General Provisions. The provisions of Article VIII of the Merger Agreement, to the extent not already set forth in this Amendment, are incorporated herein by reference and form a part of this Amendment as if set forth herein, mutatis mutandis.
[Remainder of this page is intentionally left blank; signature page follows]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Amendment to be duly executed and delivered as of the date first above written.
 
GRUBHUB INC.
 
 
 
 
 
by
/s/ Matt Maloney
 
 
Name:
Matt Maloney
 
 
Title:
Chief Executive Officer
 
 
 
 
 
CHECKERS MERGER SUB I, INC.
 
 
 
 
 
by
/s/ Sophie Versteege
 
 
Name:
Sophie Versteege
 
 
Title:
Secretary
 
 
 
 
 
CHECKERS MERGER SUB II, INC.
 
 
 
 
 
by
/s/ Sophie Versteege
 
 
Name:
Sophie Versteege
 
 
Title:
Secretary
 
 
 
 
 
JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V.
 
 
 
 
 
by
/s/ Brent Wissink
 
 
Name:
Brent Wissink
 
 
Title:
Chief Financial Officer
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Annex A-3

EXECUTION VERSION
SECOND AMENDMENT TO AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
This Second Amendment to Agreement and Plan of Merger (this “Amendment”), dated as of March 12, 2021, is made by and among Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., a public company with limited liability (naamloze vennootschap) incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands (“Parent”), Checkers Merger Sub I, Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of Parent (“Merger Sub”), Checkers Merger Sub II, Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of Parent (“Merger Sub II”), and Grubhub Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”). Capitalized terms used but not defined in this Amendment have the meanings ascribed to them in the Merger Agreement (as defined herein).
RECITALS
WHEREAS, the parties hereto entered into that certain Agreement and Plan of Merger Agreement on June 10, 2020 (as amended by the First Amendment, the “Merger Agreement”);
WHEREAS, the parties hereto entered into that certain First Amendment to Agreement and Plan of Merger on September 4, 2020 (the “First Amendment”); and
WHEREAS, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Amendment, the parties desire to amend the Merger Agreement to provide that each five Parent ADSs issued pursuant to the Merger Agreement shall represent one Parent Ordinary Share.
NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the mutual covenants and agreements hereof, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties agree as follows:
AGREEMENT
SECTION 1.1 Amendments to the Merger Agreement.
(a)
The third recital to the Merger Agreement is hereby amended by replacing the words “each Parent ADS representing one Parent Ordinary Share” with “each Parent ADS representing a number of Parent Ordinary Shares equal to the ADS Ratio”.
(b)
The first sentence of Section 2.1(c)(i) of the Merger Agreement is hereby amended and restated in its entirety as follows:
“Each share of Company Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the First Effective Time (other than the Excluded Shares) (collectively, the “Shares”) shall be converted into and become one (1) share of Initial Surviving Company Stock, and each such share of Initial Surviving Company Stock shall immediately thereafter be automatically exchanged for (A) the number of Parent ADSs equal to (1) the Exchange Ratio divided by (2) the ADS Ratio, duly and validly issued against the deposit of the requisite number of underlying Parent Ordinary Shares in accordance with the Deposit Agreement (the “Merger Consideration”) in accordance with Section 2.3(a), (B) cash in lieu of any fractional Parent ADSs to which such holder is entitled pursuant to Section 2.3(e) and (C) any dividends or other distributions to which such holder is entitled pursuant to Section 2.3(c), in each case without interest (subject to any applicable withholding Tax).”
(c)
The third sentence of Section 2.3(a) of the Merger Agreement is hereby amended by replacing the words “equal to the number of Parent ADSs issuable pursuant to Section 2.1(c)” with “equal to the product of (A) the number of Parent ADSs issuable pursuant to Section 2.1(c) and (B) the ADS Ratio”.
(d)
Section 2.3(e) of the Merger Agreement is hereby amended by replacing the words “the Exchange Ratio” with “the Exchange Ratio divided by the ADS Ratio pursuant to Section 2.1(c)(i)”.
(e)
Section 2.4(a) of the Merger Agreement is hereby amended and restated in its entirety as follows:
“Each option that represents the right to acquire shares of Company Common Stock and that is outstanding immediately prior to the First Effective Time (whether or not then vested or exercisable) (each,
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an “Option”) shall at the First Effective Time be converted into an option (each, an “Assumed Option”) to purchase a number of Parent ADSs (or Parent Ordinary Shares, as determined by Parent acting reasonably) (rounded down to the nearest number of whole Parent ADSs or Parent Ordinary Shares, as the case may be) equal to the product of (i) the number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to such Option immediately prior to the First Effective Time and (ii) (A) in the case of Assumed Options in respect of Parent ADSs, the Exchange Ratio divided by the ADS Ratio and (B) in the case of Assumed Options in respect of Parent Ordinary Shares, the Exchange Ratio, in each case at an exercise price per share (rounded up to the nearest whole cent) equal to (x) the exercise price per share of such Option immediately prior to the First Effective Time divided by (y) (1) in the case of Assumed Options in respect of Parent ADSs, the Exchange Ratio divided by the ADS Ratio and (2) in the case of Assumed Options in respect of Parent Ordinary Shares, the Exchange Ratio. Any restrictions on the exercise of any Assumed Option shall continue in full force and effect and the term, exercisability, vesting schedule (including any double-trigger vesting) and other provisions of such Assumed Option shall otherwise remain unchanged as a result of the assumption of such Assumed Option.”
(f)
Section 2.4(b) of the Merger Agreement is hereby amended and restated in its entirety as follows:
“Each restricted stock unit with respect to shares of Company Common Stock that is outstanding immediately prior to the First Effective Time (collectively, the “Company RSUs”) shall at the First Effective Time be converted into a restricted stock unit of Parent (each, an “Assumed RSU”) with respect to a number of Parent ADSs (or Parent Ordinary Shares, as determined by Parent acting reasonably) (rounded to the nearest number of whole Parent ADSs or Parent Ordinary Shares, as the case may be) equal to the product of (i) the number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to such Company RSU immediately prior to the First Effective Time and (ii) (A) in the case of Assumed RSUs in respect of Parent ADSs, the Exchange Ratio divided by the ADS Ratio and (B) in the case of Assumed RSUs in respect of Parent Ordinary Shares, the Exchange Ratio. The vesting schedule (including any double-trigger vesting) and other provisions of such Assumed RSU shall otherwise remain unchanged as a result of the assumption of such Assumed RSU.”
(g)
Section 2.6(b) of the Merger Agreement is hereby amended and restated in its entirety as follows:
“In the event that, prior to the date of the initial filing of the Form F-4, Parent, acting in good faith (after consulting with and considering in good faith the views of the Company), reasonably determines that it is desirable to issue Parent Ordinary Shares equal to the Exchange Ratio for each outstanding Share as the Merger Consideration in lieu of Parent ADSs to the holders of Shares, the parties hereto agree to negotiate and cooperate in good faith to enter into an appropriate amendment to this Agreement to reflect such change in the form of the Merger Consideration and provide for other changes necessitated thereby; provided, however, that failure of the parties hereto to agree to such an amendment shall not cause any condition to Closing set forth herein not to be satisfied or otherwise cause any breach of this Agreement; provided, further, that (i) any actions taken pursuant to this Section 2.6(b) shall not, without the prior written consent of each of Parent and the Company, (A) alter or change the Exchange Ratio, the ADS Ratio or the amount, nature or mix of the Merger Consideration (or the consideration payable to holders of Options and Company RSUs pursuant to Section 2.4), other than the substitution of Parent Ordinary Shares for Parent ADSs, (B) impose any material economic or other cost on Parent or its shareholders or the Company or its stockholders, (C) adversely affect the Intended Tax Treatment or otherwise result in any material adverse Tax impact to the stockholders of the Company or the parties hereto, (D) prevent or materially delay or impair the receipt of any consents or approvals of, or the completion of any notices to or filings, declarations or registrations with, any Governmental Authority that are necessary for the consummation of the Transactions, or (E) prevent or materially delay or impair the consummation of the Transactions, (ii) any such Parent Ordinary Shares to be issued as the Merger Consideration shall, as of the First Effective Time, have been approved for listing on the NYSE or the NASDAQ, subject only to official notice of issuance and (iii) such amendment would not be expected to have any of the effects or consequences in clauses (i)(A) through (i)(E) above.”
(h)
Section 5.15(a) of the Merger Agreement is hereby amended by replacing the words “that each Parent ADS under the ADR Facility shall represent and be exchangeable for one Parent Ordinary Share ranking pari passu” with “that each Parent ADS under the ADR Facility shall represent and be exchangeable for a number of Parent Ordinary Shares equal to the ADS Ratio and ranking pari passu”.
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(i)
Section 8.13 of the Merger Agreement is hereby amended by amending and restating the definition of “Exchange Ratio” in its entirety as follows:
Exchange Ratio” means 0.6710.
(j)
Section 8.13 of the Merger Agreement is hereby amended by adding the following defined terms in alphabetical order:
ADS Ratio” means 0.20, or such other ratio as is agreed to by the parties hereto in writing prior to the First Effective Time.
SECTION 1.2 Representations and Warranties of the Company. The Company represents and warrants to Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II that:
(a)
The Company has all necessary corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this Amendment.
(b)
The execution and delivery of this Amendment have been duly authorized and approved by the Company Board, and no other corporate action on the part of the Company is necessary to authorize the execution and delivery of this Amendment.
(c)
This Amendment has been duly executed and delivered by the Company and, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery hereof by the other parties hereto, constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, subject to the Bankruptcy and Equity Exception.
SECTION 1.3 Representations and Warranties of Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II. Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II jointly and severally represent and warrant to the Company that:
(a)
Each of Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II has all necessary corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this Amendment.
(b)
The execution and delivery of this Amendment have been duly authorized and approved by all necessary corporate action by Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II (including by the Parent Boards and the board of directors of each Merger Sub), and no other corporate action on the part of Parent, Merger Sub or Merger Sub II is necessary to authorize the execution and delivery of this Amendment.
(c)
This Amendment has been duly executed and delivered by Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II and, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery hereof by the Company, constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of each of Parent, Merger Sub and Merger Sub II, enforceable against each of them in accordance with its terms, subject to the Bankruptcy and Equity Exception.
SECTION 1.4 Full Force and Effect. Except to the extent specifically amended hereby, the Merger Agreement remains unchanged and in full force and effect. From and after the execution of this Amendment, each reference in the Merger Agreement to “this Agreement,” “hereof”, “hereunder” or words of similar import will be deemed to mean the Merger Agreement, as amended by this Amendment, and each reference to the “date hereof”, the “date of this Agreement” or words of similar import will continue to mean June 10, 2020.
SECTION 1.5 Entire Agreement. This Amendment and the Merger Agreement (as heretofore amended and including the Company Disclosure Schedule and Parent Disclosure Schedule and the exhibits thereto), together with any other instruments delivered hereunder or thereunder and the Confidentiality Agreement, constitute the entire agreement, and supersede all other prior agreements and understandings, both written and oral, among the parties hereto, or any of them, with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof.
SECTION 1.6 General Provisions The provisions of Article VIII of the Merger Agreement, to the extent not already set forth in this Amendment, are incorporated herein by reference and form a part of this Amendment as if set forth herein, mutatis mutandis.
[Remainder of this page is intentionally left blank; signature page follows]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Amendment to be duly executed and delivered as of the date first above written.
 
GRUBHUB INC.
 
 
 
 
 
by
/s/ Matt Maloney
 
 
Name:
Matt Maloney
 
 
Title:
Chief Executive Officer
 
 
 
 
 
CHECKERS MERGER SUB I, INC.
 
 
 
 
 
by
/s/ Sophie Versteege
 
 
Name:
Sophie Versteege
 
 
Title:
Secretary
 
 
 
 
 
CHECKERS MERGER SUB II, INC.
 
 
 
 
 
by
/s/ Sophie Versteege
 
 
Name:
Sophie Versteege
 
 
Title:
Secretary
 
 
 
 
 
JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V.
 
 
 
 
 
by
/s/ Brent Wissink
 
 
Name:
Brent Wissink
 
 
Title:
Chief Financial Officer
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Annex B
EXECUTION COPY
VOTING AND SUPPORT AGREEMENT
This VOTING AND SUPPORT AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”), dated as of June 10, 2020, is entered into by and among Mr. Jitse Groen (“Shareholder”), and Grubhub Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”).
WHEREAS, simultaneously with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., a public company with limited liability (naamloze vennootschap) incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands (“Parent”), Checkers Merger Sub I, Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned Subsidiary of Parent, Checkers Merger Sub II, Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned Subsidiary of Parent, and the Company are entering into that certain Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of the date hereof (as the same may be amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time after the date hereof, the “Merger Agreement”);
WHEREAS, Shareholder or any of its controlled Affiliates are the sole record and beneficial owner of such number of ordinary shares (gewone aandelen), nominal value €0.04 per share, of Parent (each, a “Share”) and sole beneficial owner of the other Equity Interests (as defined herein), in each case, as set forth on Shareholder’s signature page hereto;
WHEREAS, the consummation of the Mergers requires receipt of the Parent Shareholder Approval; and
WHEREAS, as a condition to the Company’s willingness to enter into the Merger Agreement, the Company has requested that Shareholder agree, and Shareholder has agreed to, enter into this Agreement simultaneously with the execution and delivery of the Merger Agreement and abide by the covenants and obligations with respect to such Shareholder’s Covered Shares (as defined herein).
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements contained in this Agreement and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, and upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, the parties hereby agree as follows:
Section 1. Certain Definitions. For the purposes of this Agreement, capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined in this Agreement shall have the respective meanings ascribed to them in this Section 1, or if not defined in this Section 1, the respective meanings ascribed to them in the Merger Agreement:
Additional Owned Shares” means all Shares that are beneficially owned by Shareholder or any of its controlled Affiliates and are acquired after the date hereof and prior to the termination of this Agreement (including through the exercise of stock options, warrants or similar rights, or the vesting, conversion or exchange of securities, or the acquisition of the power to vote or direct the voting of such Shares).
Affiliate” has the meaning set forth in the Merger Agreement; provided that, for the avoidance of doubt, Gribhold B.V., a Dutch private limited liability company (besloten vennootschap met beperkte aansprakelijkheid) (“Gribhold”), is a controlled Affiliate of Shareholder as of the date hereof; and provided, further, that Parent shall not be deemed to be an Affiliate of Shareholder.
beneficial ownership” (and related terms such as “beneficially owned” or “beneficial owner”) has the meaning set forth in Rule 13d-3 promulgated under the 1934 Act.
control” (including, with its correlative meaning, “controlled”) means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of management or policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of securities or partnership or other ownership interests, by contract or otherwise.
Covered Shares” means the Owned Shares and Additional Owned Shares.
Equity Interests” means (i) any share in the capital of Parent, (ii) any securities (including debt securities) convertible into, or exchangeable or exercisable for, any such shares in Parent’s capital, or (iii) any options, warrants, calls, subscriptions or other rights, convertible securities, agreements or commitments obligating Parent to issue, transfer or sell any shares in Parent’s capital or other equity interest in Parent or other Parent Securities.
Existing Pledges” means the pledges vested over, in aggregate, 15,304,796 Owned Shares.
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Owned Shares” means all Shares which are beneficially owned by Shareholder or any of its controlled Affiliates as of the date hereof.
Permitted Transfer” means (a) a Transfer of Covered Shares solely in connection with the payment of the exercise price and/or the satisfaction of any tax and social security obligations arising from the exercise of any stock options, warrants or similar rights to acquire Shares, or the vesting of any other Equity Interests, (b) a Transfer of Covered Shares with the Company’s prior written consent, (c) a Transfer of Covered Shares (i) to any member of Shareholder’s immediate family or to a trust for the benefit of Shareholder or any member of Shareholder’s immediate family or for any bona fide tax planning purposes or (ii) upon the death of Shareholder pursuant to the terms of any trust or will of Shareholder or by the applicable Laws of intestate succession, (d) a Transfer of Covered Shares to a controlled Affiliate of Shareholder, (e) the creation of customary security rights pursuant to the general conditions of a bank operating in the Netherlands based on the General Banking Conditions drawn up in consultation between the Netherlands Bankers’ Association (Nederlandse Vereniging van Banken) and the Consumers Union (Consumentenbond), or any other general conditions used by, or agreement or arrangement with, a bank operating in the Netherlands to substantially the same effect or (f) the creation of a right of pledge over up to in the aggregate (not including the Existing Pledges) 100,000 Shares and/or other Equity Rights, without granting voting rights to the pledgee; provided that, for purpose of clause (c)(i) and clause (d), prior to the effectiveness of such Transfer, such transferee executes and delivers to the Company a written agreement, in form and substance acceptable to the Company (such acceptance not to be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned), to assume all of Shareholder’s obligations hereunder in respect of the Covered Shares subject to such Transfer and to be bound by the terms of this Agreement with respect to the Covered Shares subject to such Transfer, to the same extent as Shareholder is bound hereunder and to make each of the representations and warranties hereunder in respect of the Covered Shares transferred as Shareholder shall have made hereunder (a “Transfer Agreement”).
Transfer” means, with respect to a Covered Share, the transfer, pledge, hypothecation, encumbrance, granting of a usufruct, assignment or other disposition (whether by sale, merger, consolidation, liquidation, dissolution, dividend, distribution or otherwise, including the tendering in any tender or exchange offer) of such Covered Share or the beneficial ownership thereof or any of the economic consequences of ownership thereof, the offer to make such a transfer or other disposition, and each option, agreement, arrangement or understanding, whether or not in writing, to effect any of the foregoing. As a verb, “Transfer” shall have a correlative meaning.
Section 2. Voting Agreement. At any meeting of the shareholders of Parent, including the Parent Shareholders Meeting, however called, and in any other circumstance in which the vote, consent or other approval of the shareholders of Parent is sought as to a matter described in any of clauses (a) through (e) below (each, a “Parent Stockholder Meeting”), Shareholder hereby agrees that Shareholder shall, and if any of its Covered Shares are held by a nominee for such Shareholder, Shareholder shall cause the holder of record of any such Covered Shares to, including by delivering to the Secretary of the Company a duly executed proxy card: (i) appear at each Parent Stockholder Meeting or otherwise cause all Covered Shares beneficially owned by it as of the record date to be counted as present thereat for purposes of calculating a quorum (if applicable); and (ii) vote (or cause to be voted), by proxy or in person, all Covered Shares beneficially owned by Shareholder as of the relevant record date and entitled to be voted:
(a) for the Transaction Proposals, the Board Nominations and the Pre-Emptive Rights Authorization;
(b) at the request of the Company, for the approval of any other matter submitted by Parent for shareholder approval at a Parent Stockholder Meeting related to the Transactions; provided, however, that with respect to such other matter (i) the Parent Boards have recommended that the shareholders of Parent vote to approve such matter at such Parent Stockholder Meeting (and such recommendation has been supported in writing by the Company) and (ii) nothing in this Agreement shall be interpreted as creating an obligation of Parent to submit any such matter of the Company for such shareholder approval or to recommend that the shareholders of Parent vote to approve any such matter;
(c) against any Parent Takeover Proposal, any agreement providing for any Parent Takeover Proposal or any matter submitted for shareholder approval at a Parent Stockholder Meeting related to a Parent Takeover Proposal; and
(d) against any proposal, action or agreement that would reasonably be expected to (i) prevent or nullify any provision of this Agreement, (ii) result in a material breach of any covenant, representation, warranty or any
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other obligation or agreement contained in the Merger Agreement or this Agreement, (iii) result in any condition to the consummation of the Mergers set forth in Article VI of the Merger Agreement not being satisfied or (iv) prevent or materially delay, frustrate or impede the approval, implementation or consummation of any of the Transactions, or any of the documentation or transactions included in, contemplated by, or in connection with, the Merger Agreement or this Agreement.
Additionally, Shareholder shall not, and shall cause its controlled Affiliates not to, propose, commit or agree to take, or publicly affirmatively support, any action inconsistent with any of the foregoing clauses (a) through (d).
Section 3. No Disposition or Adverse Act. Shareholder hereby covenants and agrees that, except as contemplated by this Agreement, Shareholder shall not, and shall cause its controlled Affiliates not to, (i) Transfer, offer to Transfer or consent to any Transfer of any or all of the Covered Shares, other Equity Interests beneficially owned by Shareholder or one of its controlled Affiliates, or any interest in such Covered Shares or other Equity Interests, without the prior written consent of the Company (other than Permitted Transfers, in which case, where so required in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, such transferee shall deliver to the Company a Transfer Agreement), (ii) enter into any contract, option or other agreement with respect to any Transfer (other than Permitted Transfers, in which case, where so required in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, such transferee shall deliver to the Company a Transfer Agreement) of any or all Covered Shares, other Equity Interests beneficially owned by Shareholder or one of its controlled Affiliates, or any interest in such Covered Shares or other Equity Interests, (iii) grant any proxy, power-of-attorney or other authorization or consent in or with respect to any or all of the Covered Shares or other Equity Interests beneficially owned by Shareholder or one of its controlled Affiliates inconsistent with Shareholder’s voting or consent obligations in Section 2, (iv) deposit any or all of the Covered Shares into a voting trust or enter into a voting agreement or arrangement with respect to any or all of the Covered Shares or other Equity Interests inconsistent with Shareholder’s voting or consent obligations in Section 2 or (v) dispose of shares or any other equity interests in, or take any other action with respect to, any of Shareholder’s controlled Affiliates that holds one or more Covered Shares such that any such controlled Affiliate would no longer be a controlled Affiliate of Shareholder. Any attempted Transfer of Covered Shares, other Equity Interests or any interest therein in violation of this Section 3 shall be null and void.
Section 4. Additional Agreements.
(a) Certain Events. In the event of any stock split, stock dividend, merger, demerger, reorganization, recapitalization or other change in the capital structure of Parent affecting the Covered Shares or the acquisition by Shareholder or any of its controlled Affiliates of Additional Owned Shares or other Equity Interests, this Agreement and the obligations hereunder shall automatically attach to any Additional Owned Shares or other Equity Interests issued to or acquired (and owned or beneficially owned) by Shareholder or any of its controlled Affiliates.
(b) Update of Beneficial Ownership Information. Promptly following the written request of the Company or upon the acquisition of any Covered Shares or other Equity Interests, Shareholder will send to the Company a written notice setting forth the number of Covered Shares and other Equity Interests beneficially owned by Shareholder or by its controlled Affiliates who become holders of the Covered Shares or Equity Interests, as applicable.
(c) Waiver of Rights and Actions. Shareholder hereby (i) waives and agrees not to, and Shareholder shall cause its controlled Affiliates not to, exercise any rights to object to or challenge the consummation of any of the Mergers or any other Transactions and (ii) agrees not to, and Shareholder shall cause its controlled Affiliates not to, bring, commence, institute, maintain, join in, prosecute or voluntarily aid, and to take all actions necessary to opt out of any class in any class action with respect to, any claim, appeal or proceeding, derivative or otherwise, against Parent, the Company, their respective directors or officers or any of their respective successors, in each case relating to the negotiation, execution or delivery of this Agreement or the Merger Agreement, or the consummation of any of the Mergers or any other Transactions, including any claim (x) challenging the validity of, or seeking to enjoin the operation of, any provision of this Agreement or the Merger Agreement, (y) alleging
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a breach of any fiduciary duty of any of the Parent Boards (or any member thereof) in connection with this Agreement, the Merger Agreement, the Mergers or any other Transactions or (z) making any claim with respect to public disclosures by Parent or the Company in connection with the Merger Agreement, this Agreement, the Mergers or any other Transactions.
(d) Communications. Shareholder hereby (i) consents to and authorizes the publication and disclosure by Parent and the Company of Shareholder’s identity and holding of Covered Shares, and the nature of Shareholder’s commitments, arrangements and understandings under this Agreement, in any public disclosure document required by applicable Law (including in any filings with the SEC) in connection with the Transactions and (ii) agrees as promptly as practicable to notify Parent and the Company of any required corrections with respect to any written information supplied by Shareholder specifically for use in any such disclosure document.
Section 5. Representations and Warranties of Shareholder. Shareholder hereby represents and warrants to the Company as follows:
(a)  Title. As of the date hereof, either Shareholder or Gribhold is the sole record and beneficial owner of the Shares and Shareholder is the beneficial owner of the other Equity Interests, in each case, set forth on Shareholder’s signature page hereto (the “Disclosed Owned Shares”). To the extent the Disclosed Owned Shares are Shares, they are fully paid up. The Disclosed Owned Shares constitute all of the Shares and other Equity Interests owned of record or beneficially by Shareholder or its controlled Affiliates as of the date hereof, and neither Shareholder nor any of its controlled Affiliates is the beneficial owner of any other Shares or other Equity Interests. Either Shareholder or Gribhold has sole voting power and sole power to issue instructions with respect to the matters set forth in Section 2 and all other matters set forth in this Agreement (except Section 3), in each case with respect to all of the Covered Shares with no limitations, qualifications or restrictions on such rights (except for under the Existing Pledges regarding the voting rights becoming exercisable by the pledgee or, in case of execution of any of the Existing Pledges, a third party), subject to applicable securities Laws and the terms of this Agreement. Other than pursuant to the Existing Pledges, either Shareholder or Gribhold has sole power of disposition and sole power to issue instructions with respect to the matters set forth in Section 3, in each case with respect to all of the Covered Shares with no limitations, qualifications or restrictions on such rights, subject to applicable securities Laws and the terms of this Agreement. Other than pursuant to the Existing Pledges, as of the date hereof, neither Shareholder nor any of its controlled Affiliates has entered into any agreement to Transfer any Owned Shares. Except as permitted by this Agreement, the Covered Shares are now, and at all times during the term hereof will be, held by Shareholder or any of its controlled Affiliates (except in case of an execution of any of the Existing Pledges), or by a nominee or custodian for the benefit of Shareholder or any of its controlled Affiliates, free and clear of any Liens (other than the Existing Pledges), subject to applicable securities Laws and the terms of this Agreement.
(b)  Authority. Shareholder has all necessary power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement, to perform Shareholder’s obligations hereunder and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby. The execution, delivery and performance by Shareholder of this Agreement, the performance by Shareholder of its obligations hereunder and the consummation by Shareholder of the transactions contemplated hereby have been duly and validly authorized by Shareholder and no other actions or proceedings on the part of Shareholder are necessary to authorize the execution and delivery by it of this Agreement, the performance by Shareholder of its obligations hereunder or the consummation by Shareholder of the transactions contemplated hereby. This Agreement has been duly authorized and validly executed and delivered by Shareholder, and, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery by the Company, constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of Shareholder, enforceable against Shareholder in accordance with its terms, subject to the Bankruptcy and Equity Exception.
(c)  No Conflict or Default. No filing with, and no permit, order or authorization of, consent or approval of, or registration, declaration or filing with, any Governmental Authority or any other Person is necessary for the execution and delivery of this Agreement by Shareholder, the consummation by Shareholder of the transactions contemplated hereby and the compliance by Shareholder with the provisions hereof. None of the execution and delivery of this Agreement by Shareholder, the consummation by Shareholder of the transactions contemplated hereby or compliance by Shareholder with any of the provisions hereof will (i) result in a violation or breach of, or constitute (with or without notice or lapse of time or both) a default (or give rise to any third party right of termination, cancellation, modification or acceleration) under, any of the terms, conditions or provisions of any note, bond, mortgage, indenture, lease, license, permit, contract, commitment, arrangement,
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understanding, agreement or other instrument or obligation of any kind, including any voting agreement, proxy arrangement, pledge agreement, shareholders agreement or voting trust, to which Shareholder or any of its controlled Affiliates is a party or by which Shareholder, any of its controlled Affiliates or any of Shareholder’s or any of its controlled Affiliate’s properties or assets may be bound, (ii) violate any judgment, order, writ, injunction, decree or award of any court, administrative agency or other Governmental Authority that is applicable to Shareholder, any of its controlled Affiliates or any of Shareholder’s or any of its controlled Affiliate’s properties or assets or (iii) constitute a violation by Shareholder or any of its controlled Affiliates of any applicable Law or regulation of any jurisdiction, and in each case, except for any conflict, breach, default or violation described above which would not adversely affect in any material respect the ability of Shareholder to perform its obligations hereunder or to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby.
(d)  No Litigation. As of the date hereof, there is no Action pending or, to the knowledge of Shareholder, threatened against Shareholder or any of its controlled Affiliates at law or in equity before or by any Governmental Authority that would reasonably be expected to prevent or materially delay or impair the ability of Shareholder to perform timely its obligations under this Agreement.
(e) No Fees. Neither Shareholder (other than in Shareholder’s capacity as a director of Parent) nor any of its controlled Affiliates has retained or authorized to act any investment banker, broker, finder, financial advisor or other intermediary or advisor who might be entitled to any investment banker’s, broker’s, finder’s, financial advisor’s, success, opinion or other similar fee or commission from Shareholder or any of Shareholder’s Affiliates in connection with this Agreement, the Merger Agreement or the Transactions.
Section 6. Representations and Warranties of the Company. The Company hereby represents and warrants to Shareholder as follows:
(a) Authority. The Company has all necessary corporate or other applicable power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement, to perform its obligations hereunder and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. The Board of Directors of the Company has adopted resolutions approving the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, which resolutions have not been subsequently rescinded, modified or withdrawn. No other corporate action (including any shareholder vote or other action) on the part of the Company is necessary to authorize the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Company and execution and delivery hereof by Shareholder, constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, subject to the Bankruptcy and Equity Exception.
(b) No Conflict or Default. Neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company, nor the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, nor performance or compliance by the Company with any of the terms or provisions hereof, will (i) conflict with or violate any provision of the certificate of incorporation, bylaws or other comparable charter or organizational documents of the Company or (ii) violate any Law applicable to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. No consent is necessary for the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company, the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, other than such consents that, if not obtained, made or given, would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to prevent or materially delay or impair the ability of the Company to perform its obligations under this Agreement or to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
Section 7. Reliance. Shareholder understands and acknowledges that the Company is entering into the Merger Agreement in reliance upon Shareholder’s execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement.
Section 8. Termination. This Agreement shall terminate upon the earliest of (a) the mutual written agreement of each of the parties hereto, (b) immediately following the Closing, (c) the termination of the Merger Agreement in accordance with its terms, (d) the occurrence of a Parent Adverse Recommendation Change and (e) such date and time as the Merger Agreement shall have been materially amended or materially supplemented or any material provision thereof waived (in each case, in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement) without the prior written consent of Shareholder, in a manner (A) that materially increases the Merger Consideration payable to the holders of the Shares (other than adjustments in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement) or (B) that is materially adverse to Shareholder relative to other shareholders of Parent (excluding, in
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all cases, any amendment, supplement or waiver affecting, or with respect to, the directors, officers or employees of Parent); provided, that (i) nothing in this Agreement shall relieve any party hereto from liability for any breach of this Agreement prior to its termination and (ii) Section 4(c), this Section 8 and Section 9 (excluding clauses (b) and (c) thereof), shall survive any termination of this Agreement. For the avoidance of doubt, with respect to any provisions of this Agreement that survive termination of this Agreement in accordance with this Section 8, any defined terms used in such provisions (including any terms defined in the Merger Agreement, which shall have the meanings set forth therein notwithstanding any termination of the Merger Agreement) shall continue to have the same meanings as such defined terms had prior to such termination.
Section 9. Miscellaneous.
(a) No Limitation. Nothing in this Agreement shall be construed to prohibit, limit or affect Shareholder from (i) taking any action (or omitting to take any action) solely in his capacity as a director of Parent, including in exercising rights under the Merger Agreement and/or from taking any action with respect to any Parent Takeover Proposal solely in his capacity as such a director and (ii) exercising his fiduciary duties as a director to Parent or its stakeholders.
(b) Reasonable Best Efforts. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, Shareholder agrees to, and shall cause its controlled affiliates to, use reasonable best efforts to take, or cause to be taken, all actions, and to do, or cause to be done, all things necessary, proper or advisable under applicable Laws to consummate and make effective the arrangements contemplated hereby. Promptly following the Company’s reasonable written request and without further consideration, Shareholder shall, and shall cause its controlled Affiliates to, execute and deliver such additional documents and take all such further lawful action as may be reasonably necessary or desirable to consummate and make effective, in the most expeditious manner practicable, the arrangements contemplated hereby.
(c)  Binding on Successors. Without limiting any other rights the Company may have hereunder in respect of any Transfer of the Covered Shares, Shareholder agrees that this Agreement and the obligations hereunder shall attach to the Covered Shares beneficially owned by Shareholder and its controlled Affiliates and shall be binding upon any Person to which legal or beneficial ownership of such Covered Shares shall pass, whether by operation of Law or otherwise, including, without limitation, Shareholder’s heirs, guardians, administrators, representatives or successors.
(d) No Ownership Interest. Shareholder has agreed to enter into this Agreement and act in the manner specified in this Agreement for consideration. Except as expressly set forth in this Agreement, nothing contained in this Agreement shall be deemed, upon execution, to vest in the Company any direct or indirect ownership or incidence of ownership of or with respect to any Covered Shares. All rights, ownership and economic benefits of and relating to the Covered Shares shall remain vested in and belong to Shareholder, and the Company shall not have any authority to manage, direct, superintend, restrict, regulate, govern or administer any of the policies or operations of Parent or exercise any power or authority to direct Shareholder in the voting of any of the Covered Shares, except as otherwise provided in this Agreement. Nothing in this Agreement shall be interpreted as creating or forming a “group” or “concert” with any other Person, including Parent or the Company, for purposes of Rule 13d-5(b)(1) of the 1934 Act, Chapter 5.3 or 5.5 of the Dutch Financial Markets Supervision Act (Wet op het financieel toezicht) or any other similar provision of applicable Law or of conferring upon Parent or the Company beneficial ownership of any Covered Shares.
(e) Fees and Expenses. All fees and expenses incurred in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby shall be paid by the party incurring or required to incur such fees or expenses.
(f) Amendment or Supplement. This Agreement may only be amended or supplemented at any time by additional written agreements signed by, or on behalf of, the parties hereto, as may mutually be determined by the parties to be necessary, desirable or expedient to further the purpose of this Agreement or to clarify the intention of the parties.
(g) Waiver. Any party may, to the extent permitted by applicable Law, (i) waive any inaccuracies in the representations and warranties of any other party hereto, (ii) extend the time for the performance of any of the obligations or acts of any other party hereto or (iii) waive compliance by the other party with any of the agreements contained herein or, except as otherwise provided herein, waive any of such party’s conditions. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no failure or delay by the Company or Shareholder in exercising any right
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hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof nor shall any single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right hereunder. Any agreement on the part of a party hereto to any such extension or waiver shall be valid only if set forth in an instrument in writing signed on behalf of such party.
(h) Assignment. Neither this Agreement nor any of the rights, interests or obligations hereunder shall be assigned, in whole or in part, by operation of Law or otherwise, by any of the parties without the prior written consent of the other party. No assignment by any party shall relieve such party of any of its obligations hereunder. Subject to the preceding two sentences, this Agreement shall be binding upon, inure to the benefit of, and be enforceable by, the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns. Any purported assignment not permitted under this Section shall be null and void.
(i) Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts (each of which shall be deemed to be an original but all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement) and shall become effective when one or more counterparts have been signed by each of the parties and delivered (by electronic communication, facsimile or otherwise) to the other party. This Agreement shall become effective when each party hereto shall have received a counterpart hereof signed by the other party hereto, it being understood and agreed that all parties hereto need not sign the same counterpart. Signatures to this Agreement transmitted by electronic mail in PDF form, or by any other electronic means designed to preserve the original graphic and pictorial appearance of a document (including DocuSign), will be deemed to have the same effect as physical delivery of the paper document bearing the original signatures.
(j) Entire Agreement. This Agreement, together with any other instruments delivered hereunder, constitute the entire agreement, and supersede all other prior agreements and understandings, both written and oral, among the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof.
(k) Governing Law; Jurisdiction.
(i) This Agreement, and all claims or causes of action (whether in contract, tort or otherwise) that may be based upon, arise out of or relate to this Agreement, or the negotiation, execution or performance of this Agreement, shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to any choice or conflict of laws provision or rule (whether of the State of Delaware or any other jurisdiction) that would cause the application of the Laws of any jurisdiction other than the State of Delaware, except that any provisions of this Agreement which expressly relate to the fiduciary duties of directors which arise under the laws of the Netherlands shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the Netherlands.
(ii) Each party hereto hereby agrees that all actions and proceedings arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the agreements delivered in connection herewith or the Transactions or for recognition or enforcement of any judgment relating thereto shall be heard and determined in the Chancery Court of the State of Delaware and any state appellate court therefrom sitting in New Castle County in the State of Delaware (or, if the Chancery Court of the State of Delaware declines to accept jurisdiction over a particular matter, any federal court within the State of Delaware) and each party hereto irrevocably and unconditionally agrees that (A) it will not attempt to deny or defeat such personal jurisdiction by motion or other request for leave from any such court, (B) it will not commence any such action or proceeding except in such courts, (C) it will waive, to the fullest extent it may legally and effectively do so, any objection that it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any such action or proceeding in such courts, (D) it will waive, to the fullest extent permitted by Law, the defense of an inconvenient forum to the maintenance of such action or proceeding in such courts and (E) a final judgment in any action or proceeding shall be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by Law.
(iii) Each party hereto irrevocably consents to the service of summons and complaint and any other process whether inside or outside the territorial jurisdiction of the courts referred to in this Section 9(k) in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the agreements delivered in connection herewith or the Transactions or for recognition or enforcement of any judgment relating thereto by mailing copies thereof by registered or certified United States mail, postage prepaid, return receipt requested, to its address as specified in or pursuant to Section 9(n). However, the foregoing shall not limit the right of a party to effect service of process on the other party by any other legally available method.
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(iv) Shareholder shall, no later than ten (10) Business Days following the date of this Agreement, irrevocably appoint in accordance with applicable Law a registered agent for service of process in the State of Delaware to accept and acknowledge service of any and all processes against it in any Action by a party hereto permitted under the terms of this Agreement, with the same effect as if Shareholder had been lawfully served with such process in such jurisdiction and shall maintain such an agent for service and process for the duration of this Agreement, and Shareholder waives all claims of error by reason of such service; provided that the party hereto effecting such service shall also deliver a copy thereof on the date of such service to the other party hereto by facsimile in accordance with Section 9(n). Shareholder shall confirm such irrevocable appointment and communicate the identity and address of such registered agent to the Company within two (2) Business Day of such irrevocable appointment.
(l) WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. EACH PARTY HERETO ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT ANY CONTROVERSY WHICH MAY ARISE UNDER THIS AGREEMENT IS LIKELY TO INVOLVE COMPLICATED AND DIFFICULT ISSUES, AND THEREFORE IT HEREBY IRREVOCABLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN RESPECT OF ANY LITIGATION DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT AND ANY OF THE AGREEMENTS DELIVERED IN CONNECTION HEREWITH OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY OR THEREBY. EACH PARTY HERETO CERTIFIES AND ACKNOWLEDGES THAT (A) NO REPRESENTATIVE, AGENT OR ATTORNEY OF THE OTHER PARTY HERETO HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PARTY HERETO WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF LITIGATION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THE FOREGOING WAIVER, (B) IT UNDERSTANDS AND HAS CONSIDERED THE IMPLICATIONS OF SUCH WAIVER, (C) IT MAKES SUCH WAIVER VOLUNTARILY AND (D) IT HAS BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVER AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION 9(l).
(m) Specific Enforcement. The parties hereto agree that irreparable damage would occur for which monetary damages, even if available, would not be an adequate remedy in the event that any of the provisions of this Agreement are not performed in accordance with their specific terms or are otherwise breached. It is accordingly agreed that the parties hereto shall be entitled to seek an injunction or injunctions to prevent breaches or threatened breaches of this Agreement and to enforce specifically the performance of the terms and provisions of this Agreement, this being in addition to any other remedy to which they are entitled at law or in equity. The parties hereto further agree not to assert that a remedy of specific enforcement is unenforceable, invalid, contrary to applicable Law or inequitable for any reason. In the event any party hereto seeks any remedy referred to in this Section 9(m), such party shall not be required to prove damages or obtain, furnish, provide or post any bond or similar instrument in connection with or as a condition to obtaining any remedy referred to in this Section 9(m) and each party hereto waives any objection to the imposition of such relief or any right it may have to require the obtaining, furnishing, providing or posting of any such bond or similar instrument. The parties hereto further agree that (i) by seeking the remedies provided for in this Section 9(m), a party hereto shall not in any respect waive its right to seek any other form of relief that may be available to a party hereto under this Agreement, including monetary damages in the event that this Agreement has been terminated or in the event that the remedies provided for in this Section 9(m) are not available or otherwise are not granted, and (ii) nothing contained in this Section 9(m) shall require any party hereto to institute any proceeding for (or limit such party’s right to institute any proceeding for) specific performance under this Section 9(m) before exercising any termination right under Section 8 (or pursuing damages after such termination), nor shall the commencement of any action pursuant to this Section 9(m) or anything contained in this Section 9(m) restrict or limit any party’s right to terminate this Agreement in accordance with the terms of Section 8 or pursue any other remedies under this Agreement that may be available then or thereafter.
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(n) Notices. All notices, requests and other communications to any party hereto hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed given if (i) emailed (which is confirmed), (ii) delivered personally (which is confirmed) with a copy by email or (iii) sent by overnight courier (providing proof of delivery) with a copy by email to the parties at the following addresses:
 
if to the Company, to:
 
 
 
Grubhub Inc.
 
5 Bryant Park, 15th Floor
 
New York, NY 10018
 
Attention:
Maggie Drucker, Chief Legal Officer and Secretary
 
Email:
mdrucker@grubhub.com
 
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
 
 
 
Kirkland & Ellis LLP
 
601 Lexington Avenue
 
New York, NY 10022
 
Attention:
Daniel Wolf
 
 
Laura Sullivan
 
Email:
daniel.wolf@kirkland.com
 
 
laura.sullivan@kirkland.com
 
and
 
 
 
NautaDutilh N.V.
 
Beethovenstraat 400
 
1082 PR Amsterdam
 
The Netherlands
 
Attention:
Stefan Wissing
 
Email:
stefan.wissing@nautadutilh.com
 
if to Shareholder, to:
 
 
 
Jitse Groen
 
Oosterdoksstraat 80
 
1011 DK Amsterdam
 
The Netherlands
 
Email:
jitse.groen@takeaway.com
 
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:
 
 
 
Cravath, Swaine & Moore LLP
 
Worldwide Plaza
 
825 Eighth Avenue
 
New York, NY 10019
 
Attention:
G.J. Ligelis Jr.
 
Email:
gligelisjr@cravath.com
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and
 
 
 
De Brauw Blackstone Westbroek N.V.
 
Claude Debussylaan 80
 
1082 MD Amsterdam
 
The Netherlands
 
Attention:
Klaas de Vries
 
Email:
klaas.devries@debrauw.com
or such other U.S. address or email address as such party may hereafter specify by like notice to the other party hereto. All such notices, requests and other communications shall be deemed received on the date of receipt by the recipient thereof if received prior to 5 p.m. in the place of receipt and such day is a Business Day in the place of receipt. Otherwise, any such notice, request or communication shall be deemed not to have been received until the next succeeding Business Day in the place of receipt.
(o) Severability. If any term or other provision of this Agreement is determined by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced by any rule of law or public policy, all other terms, provisions and conditions of this Agreement shall nevertheless remain in full force and effect. Upon such determination that any term or other provision of this Agreement is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced, the parties hereto shall negotiate in good faith to modify this Agreement so as to effect the original intent of the parties as closely as possible to the fullest extent permitted by applicable Law.
(p) Interpretation.
(i) When a reference is made in this Agreement to a Section, such reference shall be to a section of this Agreement unless otherwise indicated. The headings and captions contained in this Agreement are for reference purposes only and shall not affect in any way the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement. Whenever the words “include”, “includes” or “including” are used in this Agreement, they shall be deemed to be followed by the words “without limitation”. The words “hereof”, “herein” and “hereunder” and words of similar import when used in this Agreement shall refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular provision of this Agreement. The words “date hereof” when used in this Agreement shall refer to the date of this Agreement. The terms “or”, “any” and “either” are not exclusive. The word “extent” in the phrase “to the extent” shall mean the degree to which a subject or other thing extends, and such phrase shall not mean simply “if”. The word “will” shall be construed to have the same meaning and effect as the word “shall”. All terms defined in this Agreement shall have the defined meanings when used in any document made or delivered pursuant hereto unless otherwise defined therein. The definitions contained in this Agreement are applicable to the singular as well as the plural forms of such terms and to the masculine as well as to the feminine and neuter genders of such term. Any agreement, instrument or statute defined or referred to herein or in any agreement or instrument that is referred to herein means such agreement, instrument or statute as from time to time amended, modified or supplemented, including (in the case of agreements or instruments) by waiver or consent and (in the case of statutes) by succession of comparable successor statutes and references to all attachments thereto and instruments incorporated therein and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. References to a Person are also to its permitted assigns and successors. All references to “days” shall be to calendar days unless otherwise indicated as a “Business Day.”
(ii) The parties hereto have participated jointly in the negotiation and drafting of this Agreement and, in the event an ambiguity or question of intent or interpretation arises, this Agreement shall be construed as jointly drafted by the parties hereto and no presumption or burden of proof shall arise favoring or disfavoring any party by virtue of the authorship of any provision of this Agreement.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Agreement to be signed by its duly authorized officer, and Shareholder has signed this Agreement, as of the date first written above.
 
GRUBHUB INC.
 
 
 
By:
/s/ Matt Maloney
 
Name:
Matt Maloney
 
Title:
Chief Executive Officer
[Signature Page to Voting and Support Agreement]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Agreement to be signed by its duly authorized officer, and Shareholder has signed this Agreement, as of the date first written above.
 
SHAREHOLDER
 
 
 
/s/ Jitse Groen
 
Name: Jitse Groen
 
 
 
DISCLOSED OWNED SHARES
 
 
 
15,318,766 Shares; and
29,775 other Equity Interests (including 5,780
options and 23,995 conditional options)
[Signature Page to Voting and Support Agreement]
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Annex C

June 10, 2020
The Board of Directors
Grubhub Inc.
111 W. Washington Street
Suite 2100
Chicago, IL 60602
Members of the Board of Directors:
We understand that Grubhub Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), proposes to enter into an Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of June 10, 2020 (the “Merger Agreement”), with Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., a public company with limited liability (naamloze vennootschap) incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands (“Parent”), Checkers Merger Sub I, Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of Parent (“Merger Sub”), and Checkers Merger Sub II, Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of Parent (“Merger Sub II”), pursuant to which (A) Merger Sub will be merged with and into the Company (the “Initial Merger”) with the Company as the surviving corporation in the merger (the “Initial Surviving Company”) and (B) immediately following the Initial Merger, the Initial Surviving Company in the Initial Merger will merge with and into Merger Sub II (the “Subsequent Merger” and together with the Initial Merger, the “Mergers”). As a result of the Mergers, (1) each outstanding share of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the Company (the “Company Common Stock”), other than Excluded Shares, will be converted into and become one share of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the Initial Surviving Company (the “Initial Surviving Company Stock”), and each share of Initial Surviving Company Stock will be automatically exchanged for 0.6710 (the “Exchange Ratio”) American depositary shares of Parent (the “Parent ADSs”) against the deposit of the requisite number of underlying ordinary shares in the share capital of Parent with a nominal value of €0.04 per share (the “Parent Ordinary Shares”) in accordance with the Deposit Agreement or (2) (i) upon Parent’s reasonable determination, Parent may, or (ii) upon the Company’s reasonable request, to the extent reasonably practicable, Parent will, permit (but not obligate) holders of shares of Company Common Stock to elect to receive a number of Parent Ordinary Shares (or CREST depositary interests eligible for trading through CREST representing beneficial ownership interests in a number of Parent Ordinary Shares) equal to the Exchange Ratio for each outstanding share of Company Common Stock in lieu of the Parent ADSs. The terms and conditions of the Mergers are more fully set forth in the Merger Agreement and the terms used herein and not defined shall have the meaning ascribed thereto in the Merger Agreement.
The Board of Directors has asked us whether, in our opinion, the Exchange Ratio pursuant to the Merger Agreement is fair, from a financial point of view, to the holders of shares of Company Common Stock, other than Excluded Shares.

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The Board of Directors
Grubhub Inc.
Page 2
In connection with rendering our opinion, we have, among other things:
(i)
reviewed certain publicly available business and financial information relating to the Company and Parent that we deemed to be relevant, including publicly available research analysts’ estimates;
(ii)
reviewed certain non-public historical operating data and assumptions relating to the Company prepared and furnished to us by management of the Company and approved for use in connection with this opinion by the management of the Company;
(iii)
reviewed certain projected financial data relating to the Company and furnished to us by the management of the Company, as approved for our use by the Company, and certain projected financial data relating to Parent based on Wall Street research, as adjusted and approved for our use by the Company (collectively, the “Forecasts”), including certain operating synergies prepared by the management of the Company expected to result from the Mergers, as approved for our use by the Company (the “Synergies”);
(iv)
discussed with managements of the Company and Parent their assessment of the past and current operations of Parent, the current financial condition and prospects of Parent and the Forecasts relating to Parent, and discussed with management of the Company its assessment of the past and current operations of the Company, the current financial condition and prospects of the Company and the Forecasts;
(v)
performed discounted cash flow analyses on the Company based on the Forecasts and other data provided by the management of the Company, as applicable;
(vi)
performed discounted cash flow analyses on Parent based on the Forecasts and other data provided by the management of the Company, as applicable;
(vii)
reviewed the reported prices and the historical trading activity of the Company Common Stock and the Parent Ordinary Shares;
(viii)
compared the financial performance of the Company and Parent and their respective stock market trading multiples with those of certain other publicly traded companies that we deemed relevant;
(ix)
reviewed the acquisition premia for acquisition transactions announced during the time from January 1, 2010 to June 5, 2020 involving a public company based in the United States as the target where the disclosed enterprise values for the transaction were greater than $1 billion;
(x)
reviewed the financial terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement; and
(xi)
performed such other analyses and examinations and considered such other factors that we deemed appropriate.
For purposes of our analysis and opinion, we have assumed and relied upon the accuracy and completeness of the financial and other information publicly available, and all of the information supplied or otherwise made available to, discussed with, or reviewed by us, without any independent verification of such information (and have not assumed responsibility or liability for any independent verification of such information), and have further relied upon the assurances of the managements of the Company and Parent that they are not aware of any facts or circumstances that would make such information inaccurate or misleading. With respect to the Forecasts, including the Synergies, we have assumed with your consent that they have been reasonably prepared on bases reflecting the best currently available estimates and good faith judgments of the management of the Company as to the future financial performance of the Company and Parent and the other matters covered thereby. We have relied, at the direction of the Company, on the assessments of the management of the Company as to Parent’s ability to achieve the Synergies and have assumed with your consent, that the Synergies will be realized in the amounts and at the times projected. We express no view as to the Forecasts, including the Synergies, or the assumptions on which they are based.


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The Board of Directors
Grubhub Inc.
Page 3
For purposes of our analysis and opinion, we have assumed, in all respects material to our analysis, that the representations and warranties of each party contained in the Merger Agreement are true and correct, that each party will perform all of the covenants and agreements required to be performed by it under the Merger Agreement and that all conditions to the consummation of the Mergers will be satisfied without waiver or modification thereof. We have further assumed, in all respects material to our analysis, that all governmental, regulatory or other consents, approvals or releases necessary for the consummation of the Mergers will be obtained without any delay, limitation, restriction or condition that would have an adverse effect on the Company, Parent or the consummation of the Mergers or reduce the contemplated benefits to the holders of the Company Common Stock of the Mergers.
We have not conducted a physical inspection of the properties or facilities of the Company or Parent and have not made or assumed any responsibility for making any independent valuation or appraisal of the assets or liabilities (including any contingent, derivative or other off-balance sheet assets and liabilities) of the Company or Parent, nor have we been furnished with any such valuations or appraisals, nor have we evaluated the solvency or fair value of the Company or Parent under any state or federal laws relating to bankruptcy, insolvency or similar matters. Our opinion is necessarily based upon information made available to us as of the date hereof and financial, economic, market and other conditions as they exist and as can be evaluated on the date hereof. It is understood that subsequent developments may affect this opinion and that we do not have any obligation to update, revise or reaffirm this opinion.
We have not been asked to pass upon, and express no opinion with respect to, any matter other than the fairness to the holders of the Company Common Stock, other than Excluded Shares, from a financial point of view, of the Exchange Ratio pursuant to the Merger Agreement. We do not express any view on, and our opinion does not address, the fairness of the proposed transaction to, or any consideration received in connection therewith by, the holders of any other class of securities, creditors or other constituencies of the Company, nor as to the fairness of the amount or nature of any compensation to be paid or payable to any of the officers, directors or employees of the Company, or any class of such persons, whether relative to the Exchange Ratio or otherwise. We have not been asked to, nor do we express any view on, and our opinion does not address, any other term or aspect of the Merger Agreement or the Mergers, including, without limitation, the structure or form of the Mergers, or any term or aspect of any other agreement or instrument contemplated by the Merger Agreement or entered into or amended in connection with the Merger Agreement. Our opinion does not address the relative merits of the Mergers as compared to other business or financial strategies that might be available to the Company, nor does it address the underlying business decision of the Company to engage in the Mergers. We do not express any view on, and our opinion does not address, what the value of the Parent ADSs or the Parent Ordinary Shares actually will be when issued or the prices at which shares of Company Common Stock, the Parent ADSs or the Parent Ordinary Shares will trade at any time, including following announcement or consummation of the Mergers. Our opinion does not constitute a recommendation to the Board of Directors or to any other persons in respect of the Mergers, including as to how any holder of shares of Company Common Stock should vote or act in respect of the Mergers. We are not expressing any opinion as to the prices at which shares of Company Common Stock, Parent ADSs, or the Parent Ordinary Shares will trade at any time, as to the potential effects of volatility in the credit, financial and stock markets on the Company or the Mergers or as to the impact of the Mergers on the solvency or viability of the Company or the ability of the Company to pay its obligations when they come due. We are not legal, regulatory, accounting or tax experts and have assumed the accuracy and completeness of assessments by the Company and its advisors with respect to legal, regulatory, accounting and tax matters.


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The Board of Directors
Grubhub Inc.
Page 4
We have acted as financial advisor to the Company in connection with the Mergers and have received retainer fees for our services and will receive additional fees, a portion of which is payable upon rendering this opinion and a substantial portion of which is contingent upon the consummation of the Mergers. The Company has also agreed to reimburse our expenses and to indemnify us against certain liabilities arising out of our engagement. During the two year period prior to the date hereof, Evercore Group L.L.C. and its affiliates have not been engaged to provide financial advisory or other services to the Company and we have not received any compensation from the Company during such period. In addition, during the two year period prior to the date hereof, Evercore Group L.L.C. and its affiliates have not been engaged to provide financial advisory or other services to Parent and we have not received any compensation from Parent during such period. We may provide financial advisory or other services to the Company and Parent in the future, and in connection with any such services we may receive compensation.
Evercore Group L.L.C. and its affiliates engage in a wide range of activities for our and their own accounts and the accounts of customers, including corporate finance, mergers and acquisitions, equity sales, trading and research, private equity, placement agent, asset management and related activities. In connection with these businesses or otherwise, Evercore Group L.L.C. and its affiliates and/or our or their respective employees, as well as investment funds in which any of them may have a financial interest, may at any time, directly or indirectly, hold long or short positions and may trade or otherwise effect transactions for their own accounts or the accounts of customers, in debt or equity securities, senior loans and/or derivative products or other financial instruments of or relating to the Company, Parent, potential parties to the Mergers and/or any of their respective affiliates or persons that are competitors, customers or suppliers of the Company or Parent.
Our financial advisory services and this opinion are provided for the information and benefit of the Board of Directors (in its capacity as such) in connection with its evaluation of the proposed Mergers. The issuance of this opinion has been approved by an Opinion Committee of Evercore Group L.L.C.
This opinion may not be disclosed, quoted, referred to or communicated (in whole or in part) to any third party for any purpose whatsoever except with our prior written approval, except the Company may reproduce this opinion in full in any document that is required to be filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and required to be mailed by the Company to its stockholders relating to the Mergers.
Based upon and subject to the foregoing, it is our opinion that, as of the date hereof, the Exchange Ratio pursuant to the Merger Agreement is fair, from a financial point of view, to the holders of shares of Company Common Stock, other than Excluded Shares.
 
Very truly yours,
 
 
 
 
EVERCORE GROUP L.L.C.
 
By:
/s/ Naveen Nataraj
 
 
Naveen Nataraj
 
 
Senior Managing Director

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Annex D
UNOFFICIAL TRANSLATION
ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION OF
JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V.
(as per 31 January 2020)
ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION:
Chapter 1
Definitions.
Article 1.
In these articles of association each of the following terms has the meaning as defined below:
AFM
:
the Netherlands Authority for Financial Markets (Stichting Autoriteit Financiële Markten);
AFM Register
:
the register as referred to in section 1:107 Dutch Financial Supervision Act (Wet op het financieel toezicht) kept by AFM, which is accessible through the website of AFM;
Annual Accounts
:
the annual accounts referred to in section 2:361 BW;
Auditor
:
a registered accountant or another expert, as referred to in section 2:393(1) BW;
BW
:
the Dutch Civil Code;
CEO
:
a Managing Director with the title Chief Executive Officer or CEO;
Central Institute
:
a central institute as referred to in the Wge;
Chairman
:
a Supervisory Director with the title Chairman;
CFO
:
a Managing Director with the title Chief Financial Officer or CFO;
Collective Depot
:
a collective depot as referred to in the Wge;
Company
:
the limited liability company, the organisation of which is laid down in these articles of association;
Company Secretary
:
a person acting as secretary of the Company pursuant to article 7.1.4;
General Meeting
:
the corporate body that consists of Shareholders and all other Persons with Meeting Rights / the meeting in which Shareholders and all other Persons with Meeting Rights assemble;
Giro Depot
:
a giro depot as referred to in the Wge;
Gribhold
:
Gribhold B.V., a private company with limited liability, registered with the Trade Register under number: 06089183;
Group Company
:
a group company as referred to in section 2:24b BW;
Intermediary
:
an intermediary as referred to in the Wge;
Management Board
:
the corporate body entrusted with the management of the Company;
Management Board Rules
:
rules of the Management Board governing its internal proceedings, providing for the division of its duties among the Managing Directors and setting out the adoption of resolutions;
Management Report
:
the management report referred to in section 2:391 BW;
Managing Director
:
a member of the Management Board;
Meeting Rights
:
the right to attend the General Meeting and to address such meeting, either in person or by proxy authorised in writing;
Persons with Meeting Rights
:
Shareholders as well as holders of a right of usufruct and holders of a right of pledge with Meeting Rights, subject to article 8.4.1;
Persons with Voting Rights
:
Shareholders with voting rights as well as holders of a right of usufruct and holders of a right of pledge with voting rights, subject to article 8.4.1;
Record Date
:
the twenty-eighth (28th) day prior to a General Meeting;
Share
:
an ordinary share in the share capital of the Company;
Shareholder
:
a holder of a Share;
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Subsidiary
:
a subsidiary as referred to in section 2:24a BW;
Supervisory Board
:
the corporate body entrusted with the statutory supervision of the policies of the Management Board and the other responsibilities imposed on the Supervisory Board by the law and these articles of association;
Supervisory Board Rules
:
rules of the Supervisory Board governing its internal proceedings;
Supervisory Director
:
a member of the Supervisory Board;
Vice-Chairman
:
a Supervisory Director with the title Vice- Chairman; and
Wge
:
the Dutch Act on Securities Transactions by Giro
 
 
(Wet giraal effectenverkeer).
Chapter 2
Name. Corporate seat.
Article 2.1.
The name of the Company is: Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V.
Its corporate seat is in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and it may establish branch offices elsewhere.
Objects.
Article 2.2.
The Company’s objects are:
a.
to incorporate, participate in and conduct the management of other companies and enterprises;
b.
to render administrative, technical, financial, economic or managerial services to other companies, persons and enterprises;
c.
to acquire, dispose of, manage and utilize real property, personal property and other goods, including patents, trademark rights, licenses, permits and other industrial property rights;
d.
to borrow, to lend and to raise funds, including the issue of bonds, promissory notes or other securities or evidence of indebtedness and to enter into agreements in connection with aforementioned activities; and
e.
to grant guarantees, to bind the Company and to pledge its assets for obligations of the Company, group companies and third parties,
the foregoing whether or not in collaboration with third parties and inclusive of the performance and promotion of all activities which directly and indirectly relate to those objects, all this in the broadest sense of the words.
Chapter 3
Share structure.
Article 3.1.
3.1.1.
The authorised share capital of the Company amounts to sixteen million euro (EUR 16,000,000) and is divided into four hundred million (400,000,000) Shares, each with a nominal value of four eurocents (EUR 0,04).
3.1.2.
The Shares shall be in registered form and shall be consecutively numbered from 1 onwards.
3.1.3.
No share certificates shall be issued.
Issue of Shares.
Article 3.2.
3.2.1.
Shares are issued pursuant to a resolution of the Management Board that has been approved by the Supervisory Board, provided that the Management Board has been authorised to do so by a resolution of the General Meeting for a specific period. The resolution of the General Meeting granting this authorisation will determine the number of Shares that may be issued. Unless otherwise stipulated at its grant, the authorisation cannot be withdrawn.
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3.2.2.
If and insofar as the Management Board is not authorised as referred to in article 3.2.1, the General Meeting is entitled to resolve to issue Shares upon the proposal of the Management Board, which proposal has been approved by the Supervisory Board.
3.2.3.
Articles 3.2.1 and 3.2.2 equally apply to a grant of rights to subscribe for Shares, but shall not apply to an issue of Shares to a person who exercises a previously acquired right to subscribe for Shares.
3.2.4.
Save for the provisions of section 2:80 BW, the issue price may not be below the nominal value of the Shares.
3.2.5.
Shares shall be issued in accordance with the provisions of sections 2:86c and 2:96 BW.
3.2.6.
Upon issue of a Share, the Company may effect the transfer for the purpose of incorporation in the Giro Depot and a Collective Depot respectively, without cooperation of other participants or the cooperation of other Intermediaries. That transfer will be effected by the Company entering the Share in the register of Shareholders in the name of the Central Institute or the Intermediary, thereby stating the fact that the Share has become part of the Giro Depot or the Collective Depot and setting out the other details as referred to in article 6.1.3, and by the Central Institute or the Intermediary accepting the transfer.
Payment for Shares.
Article 3.3.
3.3.1.
Shares may only be issued against payment in full of the amount at which such Shares are issued and with due observance of the provisions of sections 2:80a and 2:80b BW.
3.3.2.
Payment on a Share must be made in cash, provided no alternative contribution has been agreed.
3.3.3.
Payment on a Share in cash may be made in a foreign currency if the Company agrees to this.
3.3.4.
The Company may grant loans for the purpose of a subscription for or an acquisition of Shares subject to any applicable statutory provisions.
3.3.5.
The Management Board may perform legal acts as referred to in section 2:94 BW without the approval of the General Meeting.
Pre-emptive rights.
Article 3.4.
3.4.1.
Upon the issue of Shares, each holder of Shares has a pre-emptive right to acquire newly issued Shares, in proportion to the aggregate amount of his or her Shares, it being understood that this pre-emptive right shall not apply to:
a.
Shares that are issued to employees of the Company or employees of a Group Company; and
b.
Shares that are issued that are paid for in kind.
3.4.2.
Pre-emptive rights may be limited or excluded by a resolution of the General Meeting upon the proposal of the Management Board, which proposal has been approved by the Supervisory Board. The Management Board is authorised to resolve, subject to the approval of the Supervisory Board, on the limitation or exclusion of the pre-emptive right if and to the extent the Management Board has been designated by the General Meeting. Unless provided otherwise in the designation, the designation cannot be cancelled.
A resolution of the General Meeting to limit or exclude the pre-emptive rights and a resolution to designate the Management Board as referred to in this article 3.4.2 requires a two-thirds (2/3) majority of the votes cast if less than one-half (1/2) of the issued share capital is represented at a General Meeting.
3.4.3.
The General Meeting, or the Management Board if so authorised in accordance with article 3.2.1, will, when adopting a resolution to issue Shares, determine how and the exact time period when a pre-emptive right may be exercised.
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3.4.4.
The Company shall announce the issue of Shares subject to pre-emptive rights and the time period when those rights can be exercised in a manner as is prescribed by applicable law and applicable stock exchange regulations, including but not limited to an announcement published by electronics means.
3.4.5.
This article 3.4 equally applies to (i) a sale of Shares held by the Company and (ii) a grant of rights to subscribe for Shares, but shall not apply to an issue of Shares to a person who exercises a previously acquired right to subscribe for Shares. In respect of a sale of Shares held by the Company (i) the last sentence of article 3.4.2 does not apply and (ii) the determination as referred to in article 3.4.3 is made by the Management Board.
Chapter 4
Acquisition of Shares.
Article 4.1.
4.1.1.
The Company may acquire Shares if and to the extent the General Meeting has authorised the Management Board for this purpose and with due observance of applicable statutory provisions. The authorisation will only be valid for a specific period. The resolution of the Management Board to acquire fully paid-up Shares is subject to approval of the Supervisory Board.
4.1.2.
The authorisation of the General Meeting as referred to in article 4.1.1 is not required if the Company acquires Shares for the purpose of transferring those Shares, under an applicable employee stock purchase plan, to employees of the Company or a Group Company, provided those Shares are quoted on the official list of any stock exchange.
Capital reduction.
Article 4.2.
The General Meeting, upon proposal of the Management Board, which proposal has been approved by the Supervisory Board, may resolve to reduce the issued share capital by (i) reducing the nominal value of Shares, or (ii) cancelling Shares which the Company holds in its own share capital or of which the Company holds the issued depositary receipts.
Chapter 5
Form of transfer of Shares.
Article 5.1.
5.1.1.
The transfer of rights a Shareholder holds with regard to Shares included in the Giro Depot or Collective Depot must take place in accordance with the provisions of the Wge.
5.1.2.
The transfer of a Share requires a deed executed for that purpose and, save in the event that the Company itself is a party to the transaction, written acknowledgement by the Company of the transfer. Service of notice of the transfer deed or of a certified notarial copy or extract of that deed on the Company will be the equivalent of acknowledgement as stated in this article 5.1.2.
5.1.3.
If a Share is transferred for the purpose of incorporation in a Collective Depot, the transfer shall be accepted by the relevant Intermediary. If a Share is transferred for incorporation in the Giro Depot, the Central Institute shall accept the transfer. The transfer and acceptance may take place without the cooperation of the other participants in the Collective Depot and without the cooperation of other Intermediaries.
5.1.4.
Delivery (uitlevering) of Shares which belong to a Collective Depot or a Giro Depot may only take place with due observance of the provisions of Section 26 and Section 45 Wge.
5.1.5.
An Intermediary may transfer Shares for the purpose of inclusion in the Giro Depot and, to the extent that delivery may take place, delivery from the Collective Depot without the cooperation of the other participants. The Central Institute may, to the extent that delivery may take place, deliver from the Collective Depot for inclusion in a Collective Depot without the cooperation of the other participants.
5.1.6.
Article 5.1.2 applies mutatis mutandis to the transfer of a limited right to a Share not included in the Giro Depot, provided that a pledge may also be created without acknowledgement by or service of notice on the Company and that section 3:239 BW applies, in which case acknowledgement by or service of notice on the Company will replace the announcement referred to in section 3:239(3) BW.
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Chapter 6
Shareholders register.
Article 6.1.
6.1.1.
The Management Board shall keep a register of Shareholders. The register must be regularly updated.
6.1.2.
Each Shareholder’s name, his or her address and such further information as required by law or considered appropriate by the Management Board must be recorded in the register.
6.1.3.
If shares, as referred to in the Wge belong to (i) a Collective Depot, of which shares form part kept by an Intermediary or (ii) a Giro Depot, of which shares form part, as being kept by a Central Institute, the name and address of the Intermediary or the Central Institute shall be entered in the register of Shareholders, stating the date on which those shares became part of a Collective Depot or the Giro Depot, the date of acknowledgement by or giving of notice to as well as the paid-up amount on each share.
6.1.4.
The register may be kept in several copies and in several places.
6.1.5.
Upon his or her request, the Company shall provide a Shareholder free of charge with written evidence of the contents of the register with regard to the Shares registered in his or her name. The statement issued may be validly signed on behalf of the Company by a person to be designated for that purpose by the Management Board.
6.1.6.
The provisions of articles 6.1.2 and 6.1.5 equally apply to persons who hold a right of usufruct or a right of pledge on one or more Shares.
Joint holding.
Article 6.2.
The persons jointly entitled to a joint ownership of Shares, not being a community of property as referred in the Wge, which contains those Shares or a restricted right to those Shares may only be represented vis-à-vis the Company by one (1) person jointly designated by them in writing for that purpose.
The Management Board may, whether or not subject to certain conditions, grant an exemption from the first sentence of this article 6.2.
Right of pledge.
Article 6.3.
6.3.1.
A right of pledge may be established on Shares.
6.3.2.
If a Share is encumbered with a right of pledge, the voting right attached to that Share vests in the Shareholder, unless at the creation of the pledge the voting right was granted to the pledgee. Holders of a right of pledge with voting rights have Meeting Rights. Holders of a right of pledge without voting rights do not have Meeting Rights.
6.3.3.
Shareholders who as a result of the granting of a right of pledge do not have voting rights have Meeting Rights.
Right of usufruct.
Article 6.4.
6.4.1.
A right of usufruct may be established on Shares.
6.4.2.
If a Share is encumbered with a right of usufruct, the voting right attached to that Share will vest in the Shareholder, unless at the creation of the right of usufruct the voting right has been granted to the holder of the right of usufruct.
6.4.3.
Shareholders who as a result of the granting of a right of usufruct do not have voting rights have Meeting Rights. Holders of a right of usufruct who have no voting rights have no Meeting Rights.
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Chapter 7
Management Board. Supervisory Board. Company Secretary.
Article 7.1.
7.1.1.
The Company will be managed by a Management Board under the supervision of a Supervisory Board.
7.1.2.
Each Managing Director shall perform his or her duties properly vis-à-vis the Company. These duties include all managing duties that have not been allocated to one or more other Managing Directors by law or by these articles of association. In fulfilling their tasks, the Managing Directors must be guided by the interests of the Company and its business enterprise. Each Managing Director is responsible for the Company’s general course of affairs.
7.1.3.
The Supervisory Board shall carry out the supervision of the policies of the Management Board and of the general course of the Company’s affairs and its business enterprise. The Supervisory Board shall support the Management Board with advice. In fulfilling their duties the Supervisory Directors must be guided by the interests of the Company and its business enterprise.
7.1.4.
The Management Board appoints the Company Secretary with the approval of the Supervisory Board. The Management Board may at all times dismiss the Company Secretary with the approval of the Supervisory Board.
Management Board: appointment, suspension and dismissal.
Article 7.2.
7.2.1.
The Management Board shall consist of two (2) or more Managing Directors. The Supervisory Board shall determine the exact number of Managing Directors. Managing Directors will be appointed by the General Meeting. One of the Managing Directors shall be appointed as CEO and one of the Managing Directors shall be appointed as CFO. The Supervisory Board may grant other titles to other Managing Directors (if appointed).
7.2.2.
If a Managing Director is to be appointed, the Supervisory Board will make a binding nomination.
The General Meeting may at all times overrule the binding nomination by a resolution adopted by at least an absolute majority of the votes cast, representing more than one third (1/3) of the issued share capital. If the General Meeting overrules the binding nomination, a new meeting shall be convened and the Supervisory Board shall make a new binding nomination. A second general meeting as referred to in section 2:120(3) BW cannot be convened in respect of matters referred to in this article.
The nomination shall be included in the notice of the General Meeting at which the appointment shall be considered.
7.2.3.
If no nomination has been made by the Supervisory Board within sixty (60) days after it has been requested to do so by the Management Board, this must be stated in the notice and the Management Board will make a non-binding nomination. If no nomination has been made by the Management Board, this must be stated in the notice as well and the General Meeting may appoint a Managing Director at its discretion.
7.2.4.
A Managing Director is appointed for a term up to, at the latest, the end of the annual General Meeting held in the calendar year following the calendar year of appointment, or, in case a Managing Director is appointed upon a binding nomination, the term set out in such nomination. In each case, in no instance shall the term of appointment of a Managing Director end for as long as such resignation would result in no Managing Directors being in office. Managing Directors may be reappointed with due observance of this article 7.2.4.
7.2.5.
The Supervisory Board may propose to the General Meeting to suspend or dismiss a Managing Director.
7.2.6.
If the suspension or dismissal of a Managing Director was proposed to the General Meeting by the Supervisory Board, the resolution is adopted by an absolute majority of the votes cast without a quorum required. In all other cases, the General Meeting may only suspend or dismiss a Managing Director with an absolute majority of the votes cast, representing more than one third (1/3) of the issued share capital.
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7.2.7.
The Supervisory Board may also at all times suspend but not dismiss a Managing Director. A General Meeting must be held within three (3) months after a suspension of a Managing Director has taken effect, in which meeting a resolution must be adopted to either terminate or extend the suspension for a maximum period of another three (3) months, with articles 7.2.5 and 7.2.6 taken into account. The suspended Managing Director must be given the opportunity to account for his or her actions at that meeting.
If neither such resolution is adopted nor the General Meeting has resolved to dismiss the Managing Director, the suspension will terminate after the period of suspension has expired.
7.2.8.
If one or more Managing Directors are prevented from acting, or in the case of a vacancy or vacancies for one or more Managing Directors, the remaining Managing Directors will temporarily be in charge of the management, without prejudice to the right of the Supervisory Board to appoint a temporary Managing Director to replace the Managing Director concerned.
If all Managing Directors are prevented from acting or there are vacancies for all Managing Directors, the Supervisory Board will temporarily be in charge of the management; the Supervisory Board will be authorised to designate one or more temporary Managing Directors.
Management Board: remuneration.
Article 7.3.
7.3.1.
The Company has a policy in respect of the remuneration of the Management Board. The policy is adopted by the General Meeting upon the proposal of the Supervisory Board.
7.3.2.
The remuneration of the Managing Directors is determined by the Supervisory Board with due observance of the remuneration policy adopted by the General Meeting.
7.3.3.
A proposal with respect to remuneration schemes in the form of Shares or rights to Shares must be submitted by the Supervisory Board to the General Meeting for its approval.
This proposal must set out at least the maximum number of Shares or rights to Shares to be granted to Managing Directors and the criteria for granting or amendment.
Management board: internal proceedings.
Article 7.4.
7.4.1.
The Management Board may draw up Management Board Rules. The adoption and amendment of these Management Board Rules is subject to the approval of the Supervisory Board.
7.4.2.
The Management Board may institute committees from among its members.
7.4.3.
The Management Board shall meet whenever a Managing Director so requires. The Management Board will adopt its resolutions by an absolute majority of the votes cast, unless the Management Board Rules provide otherwise. In a tie vote the resolution will be adopted by the Supervisory Board, unless there are more than two (2) Managing Directors entitled to vote, in which case the CEO shall have a casting vote.
7.4.4.
The Supervisory Board may decide that specific resolutions of the Management Board require its approval. Such resolution must be clearly defined in the Management Board Rules or in a resolution adopted by the Supervisory Board to that effect with a notification thereof to the Management Board.
7.4.5.
The approval of the Supervisory Board and the General Meeting is required for resolutions of the Management Board regarding a significant change in the identity or nature of the Company or its business enterprise, including in any event to:
a.
transfer the business enterprise or practically the entire business enterprise to a third party;
b.
conclude or cancel any long-lasting cooperation by the Company or a Subsidiary with any other legal person or company or as a fully liable general partner of a limited partnership or a general partnership, provided that the cooperation or the cancellation of that cooperation is of essential importance to the Company; and
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c.
acquire or dispose of a participating interest in the capital of a company with a value of at least one-third of the sum of the assets according to the consolidated balance sheet with explanatory notes to that balance sheet according to the last adopted Annual Accounts of the Company, by the Company or a Subsidiary.
7.4.6.
The Management Board shall provide the Supervisory Board in good time with all information necessary for the exercise of the duties of the Supervisory Board. At least once per year the Management Board shall inform the Supervisory Board in writing of the main features of the strategic policy, the general and financial risks and the management and control systems of the Company.
The Management Board shall then submit to the Supervisory Board for approval:
a.
the operational and financial objectives of the Company;
b.
the strategy designed to achieve those objectives; and
c.
the parameters to be applied in relation to the strategy, for example in respect of the financial ratios.
7.4.7.
If it has been determined by the Supervisory Board that a Managing Director has a direct or indirect personal conflict of interest with the Company, he or she shall not participate in the deliberations and the decision-making process of the Management Board. If no resolution of the Management Board can be adopted as a result of a Managing Director being unable to participate in deliberations due to a personal conflict of interest, the resolution may be adopted by the Supervisory Board.
7.4.8.
The Management Board may also adopt resolutions without holding a meeting, provided those resolutions are adopted in writing or in a reproducible manner by electronic means of communication and all the Managing Directors entitled to vote have consented to adopting the resolution outside a meeting.
Representation.
Article 7.5.
7.5.1.
The Management Board, as well as each Managing Director acting individually, is authorised to represent the Company.
7.5.2.
The Management Board may authorise one or more persons, whether or not employed by the Company, to represent the Company (procuratie) or authorise in a different manner one or more persons to represent the Company on a continuing basis.
Supervisory Board: appointment, suspension and dismissal.
Article 7.6.
7.6.1.
The Supervisory Board shall exercise the supervision of the management as conducted by the Management Board and the general course of business in the Company and its business enterprise. The Supervisory Board will consist of at least three (3) Supervisory Directors and the Supervisory Board will set the exact number of Supervisory Directors, taking into account articles 7.6.2. and 7.6.3. The Supervisory Directors must be natural persons.
7.6.2.
The Supervisory Board shall in any case consist of a Chairman and a Vice-Chairman.
7.6.3.
The Supervisory Directors are appointed by the General Meeting upon a binding nomination of the Supervisory Board, provided that one (1) Supervisory Director shall be appointed upon a binding nomination by Gribhold until the date it becomes public information by means of the AFM Register that Gribhold holds less than ten per cent (10%) of the issued Shares.
The General Meeting may at all times overrule the binding nomination by an absolute majority of the votes cast, representing more than one third (1/3) of the issued share capital. If the General Meeting overrules the binding nomination, a new meeting shall be convened and the party who made the initial binding nomination shall make a new binding nomination. A second general meeting as referred to in section 2:120(3) BW cannot be convened in respect of matters referred to in this article.
The nomination must be included in the notice of the General Meeting at which the appointment will be considered.
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7.6.4.
If a nomination has not been made, this must be stated in the notice and the General Meeting may appoint a Supervisory Director at its discretion.
7.6.5.
A Supervisory Director is appointed for a term up to, at the latest, the end of the annual General Meeting held in the calendar year following the calendar year of appointment or, in case a Supervisory Director is appointed upon a binding nomination made by the Supervisory Board, the term set out in such nomination. In each case, in no instance shall the term of appointment of a Supervisory Director end for as long as such resignation would result in no Supervisory Directors being in office. Supervisory Directors may be reappointed with due observance of this article 7.6.5.
The Supervisory Board shall draw up a resignation schedule for the Supervisory Directors.
7.6.6.
The Supervisory Board may propose to the General Meeting to suspend or dismiss a Supervisory Director.
7.6.7.
If the suspension or dismissal was proposed to the General Meeting by the Supervisory Board, the resolution is adopted by an absolute majority without a quorum required. In all other cases, the General Meeting may only suspend or dismiss a Supervisory Director with an absolute majority of the votes cast, representing more than one third (1/3) of the issued share capital.
7.6.8.
A General Meeting must be held within three (3) months after a suspension of a Supervisory Director has taken effect, in which meeting a resolution must be adopted to either terminate or extend the suspension for a maximum period of another two (2) months, with articles 7.6.6 and 7.6.7 taken into account. The suspended Supervisory Director must be given the opportunity to account for his or her actions at that meeting.
If neither such resolution is adopted nor the General Meeting has resolved to dismiss the Supervisory Director, the suspension will terminate after the period of suspension has expired.
7.6.9.
If one or more Supervisory Directors are prevented from acting, or in the case of a vacancy or vacancies for one or more Supervisory Directors, the remaining Supervisory Directors will temporarily be in charge of the supervision, without prejudice to the right of the General Meeting to appoint a temporary Supervisory Director to replace the Supervisory Director concerned.
7.6.10.
The Supervisory Board may institute committees from among its members.
7.6.11.
The Supervisory Board shall prepare a profile of its size and composition, taking account of the nature of the business, its activities and the desired expertise and background of the Supervisory Directors.
Supervisory Board: remuneration.
Article 7.7.
The General Meeting determines the remuneration of Supervisory Directors. Supervisory Directors will be reimbursed for their expenses.
Supervisory Board: adoption of resolutions.
Article 7.8.
7.8.1.
The Supervisory Board may adopt Supervisory Board Rules.
7.8.2.
The Supervisory Board shall meet whenever a Supervisory Director or a Managing Director so requires. The Supervisory Board will adopt its resolutions both at and outside a meeting if the absolute majority of the Supervisory Directors entitled to vote, has voted in favour of the resolution, unless the Supervisory Board Rules provide otherwise. In the event of a tie vote, the proposal shall be rejected. A document stating that one or more resolutions have been adopted by the Supervisory Board and signed by the Company Secretary will constitute valid proof of those resolutions. The Supervisory Board Rules may provide that one or more resolutions can only be adopted when one or more Supervisory Directors with a specific function vote in favor of a specific proposal.
7.8.3.
At a meeting of the Supervisory Board, a Supervisory Director may only be represented by another Supervisory Director holding a proxy in writing or in a reproducible manner by electronic means of communication.
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7.8.4.
If it has been determined by the Supervisory Board that a Supervisory Director has a direct or indirect personal conflict of interest with the Company, he or she shall not participate in the deliberations and the decision-making process of the Supervisory Board. The Supervisory Board Rules may further specify what qualifies as a conflict of interest as referred to in the preceding sentence. If as a result of a conflict of interest, as referred to in the first sentence of this article, all Supervisory Directors are unable to participate in the deliberations and the decision-making process and no resolution of the Supervisory Board can be adopted, the resolution can be adopted by the General Meeting.
7.8.5.
If the Supervisory Board Rules provide that the vote in favor of one or more Supervisory Directors with a specific function is required for a resolution to be adopted, and if the Supervisory Board cannot adopt a resolution as a result of a Supervisory Director whose vote in favor of the resolution is required having a conflict of interest as referred to in the first sentence of article 7.8.4, the Supervisory Board Rules may provide that the resolution can nonetheless be adopted by unanimous votes of the other Supervisory Directors entitled to vote.
7.8.6.
The Managing Directors shall attend the meetings of the Supervisory Board, if invited to do so, and they shall provide in those meetings all information required by the Supervisory Board.
7.8.7.
The Supervisory Board may decide that one or more Supervisory Directors will have access to all the premises of the Company and will be authorised to examine all books, correspondence and other records and to be fully informed of all actions which have taken place, or may decide that one or more Supervisory Directors will be authorised to exercise a portion of such powers.
7.8.8.
At the expense of the Company, the Supervisory Board may obtain such advice from experts as the Supervisory Board deems desirable for the proper fulfilment of its duties.
7.8.9.
The Supervisory Board may appoint from among its members a delegate Supervisory Director, who will be charged with maintaining a more regular contact with the Management Board and to provide the Management Board with advice.
Indemnification Managing Directors and Supervisory Directors.
Article 7.9.
7.9.1.
Unless Dutch law provides otherwise, the following will be reimbursed to current and former Managing Directors and Supervisory Directors:
a.
the reasonable costs of conducting a defense against claims based on acts or failures to act in the exercise of their duties or any other duties currently or previously performed by them at the Company’s request;
b.
any damages or fines payable by them as a result of an act or failure to act as referred to under a.; and
c.
the reasonable costs of appearing in other legal proceedings or investigations in which they are involved as current or former Managing Directors or Supervisory Directors, with the exception of proceedings primarily aimed at pursuing a claim on their own behalf.
7.9.2.
There shall be no entitlement to reimbursement as referred to above if and to the extent that:
a.
a Dutch court or, in the event of arbitration, an arbitrator has established in a final and conclusive decision that the act or failure to act of the person concerned can be characterized as willful (opzettelijk) or grossly negligent (grove schuld) misconduct, unless Dutch law provides otherwise or this would, in view of the circumstances of the case, be unacceptable according to standards of reasonableness and fairness; or
b.
the costs or financial loss of the person concerned are covered by insurance and the insurer has paid out the costs or financial loss.
7.9.3.
The reimbursements as referred to in article 7.9.1 will be made immediately upon receipt of invoices or other documents evidencing the costs or other relevant payment obligations of the director involved. If and to the extent that it has been established by a Dutch court or, in the event of arbitration, by an arbitrator in a final and conclusive decision that the person concerned is not entitled to reimbursement as referred to above, he or she shall immediately repay the amount reimbursed by the Company.
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7.9.4.
The Company may take out liability insurance for the benefit of the persons concerned.
Chapter 8
General Meetings.
Article 8.1.
8.1.1.
General Meetings will be held in Amsterdam, Utrecht, Enschede or Haarlemmermeer.
8.1.2.
A General Meeting must be held at least once a year, no later than in June of each year.
8.1.3.
The Management Board and the Supervisory Board shall provide the General Meeting with all information requested, unless this would be contrary to an overriding interest of the Company. If the Management Board or Supervisory Board invokes an overriding interest, it must provide reasons to do so.
General Meetings: convocation.
Article 8.2.
General Meetings will be convened by the Management Board or Supervisory Board.
General Meetings: notice and agenda.
Article 8.3.
8.3.1.
Notice of a General Meeting must be given by the Management Board or Supervisory Board with due observance of a notice period of at least such number of days prior to the day of the meeting as required by law and in accordance with law and the regulations of any stock exchange where Shares are quoted on the official list.
8.3.2.
The Management Board or Supervisory Board may decide that the notice to a Person with Meeting Rights who agrees to an electronic notification, is replaced by a legible and reproducible message sent by electronic mail to the address indicated by him to the Company for such purpose.
8.3.3.
A matter, the consideration of which has been requested in writing by one or more Shareholders, representing solely or jointly at least the percentage of the issued share capital prescribed by law, will be placed on the notice convening a meeting if the Company has received the request not later than on the date as prescribed by law and in accordance with the procedure set by the Company.
8.3.4.
The Management Board shall inform the General Meeting by means of a shareholders’ circular or explanatory notes to the agenda of all facts and circumstances relevant to the proposals on the agenda.
General Meetings: attendance at meetings.
Article 8.4.
8.4.1.
In case the requirements of the last sentence of section 2:119(1) BW are met, the last sentence of this article 8.4.1 applies. In case the requirements of the last sentence of section 2:119(1) BW are not met, the Management Board is authorised to resolve that the last sentence of this article 8.4.1 applies. In respect of a specific General Meeting “Persons with Meeting Rights” and “Persons with Voting Rights” means those persons who:
a.
are Persons with Meeting Rights or Persons with Voting Rights, respectively, on the Record Date for the relevant General Meeting; and
b.
are registered as such in a register designated for this purpose by the Management Board, regardless of who is entitled to the Shares at the time of the relevant General Meeting.
8.4.2.
The Management Board may decide that Persons with Voting Rights may, within a period prior to the General Meeting to be set by the Management Board, which period cannot begin prior to the Record Date, cast their votes electronically in a manner to be decided by the Management Board. Votes cast in accordance with the previous sentence are equal to votes cast at the meeting.
8.4.3.
The Management Board may decide that the business transacted at a General Meeting can be recorded by electronic means of communication.
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8.4.4.
The Management Board may decide that each Person with Meeting Rights and each Person with Voting Rights may, in person or represented by a written proxy, take part in, address and, where applicable, vote at the General Meeting using electronic means of communication, provided that such person can be identified via the same electronic means and is able to directly observe the proceedings and, where applicable, vote at the General Meeting concerned and can exercise his or her voting rights. The Management Board may attach conditions to the use of the electronic means of communication, provided that these conditions are reasonable and necessary for the identification of the Person with Meeting Rights or the Person with Voting Rights and for the reliability and security of the communication. The conditions must be included in the notice convening the General Meeting and be published on the Company’s website.
8.4.5.
Managing Directors and Supervisory Directors are entitled to attend the General Meetings. They will have an advisory vote at the General Meetings.
8.4.6.
Furthermore, admission must be given to the persons whose attendance at the General Meeting is approved by the chairman of the meeting.
8.4.7.
All issues concerning the admission to the General Meeting will be decided by the chairman of the meeting.
8.4.8.
In order for a person to be able to exercise Meeting Rights and the right to vote in a specific General Meeting, that person must notify the Company in writing of his or her intention to do so no later than on such day and at such place mentioned in the notice convening the General Meeting. The notice must contain the name and the number of Shares the person will represent in the General Meeting.
8.4.9.
In the event that Meeting Rights or the right to vote in a General Meeting are to be exercised by a proxy authorised in writing, the proxy must have been received by the Company no later than the date determined by the Management Board as referred to in article 8.4.2. The requirement that a proxy must be in writing is satisfied when the power of attorney is recorded electronically.
General Meetings: order of the meeting; minutes.
Article 8.5.
8.5.1.
The General Meeting will be presided over by the Chairman. However, the Chairman may charge another person to preside over the General Meeting in his or her place even if the Chairman is present at the meeting. If the Chairman is absent and he or she has not charged another person to preside over the meeting in his or her place, the Supervisory Directors present at the meeting will appoint one of them to be chairman. If no Supervisory Directors are present at the General Meeting, the General Meeting will be presided by the CEO, or, if the CEO is absent, by the CFO. The chairman shall designate the secretary.
8.5.2.
The chairman of the meeting will determine the order of proceedings at the meeting with due observance of the agenda and he may restrict the speaking time or take other measures to ensure an orderly progress of the meeting.
8.5.3.
All issues concerning the proceedings at the meeting will be decided by the chairman of the meeting.
8.5.4.
Minutes must be kept of the business transacted at the meeting unless a notarial record is prepared of the meeting. Minutes must be adopted and in evidence of that adoption be signed by the chairman and the secretary of the meeting concerned.
8.5.5.
A document stating that one or more resolutions have been adopted by the General Meeting and signed by the Company Secretary constitutes valid proof of those resolutions.
General Meetings: adoption of resolutions.
Article 8.6.
8.6.1.
All resolutions of the General Meeting will be adopted by an absolute majority of the votes cast unless the law or these articles of association provide otherwise.
8.6.2.
Each Share confers the right to cast one (1) vote at the General Meeting. Blank votes and invalid votes will be regarded as not having been cast.
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8.6.3.
No votes may be cast at the General Meeting in respect of Shares held by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. Holders of a right of usufruct and pledge of Shares which belong to the Company or its Subsidiaries shall not be excluded from the right to vote if the right of usufruct or pledge was created before the Shares concerned were held by the Company or a Subsidiary and at the creation of the right of pledge or the right of usufruct, the voting rights were granted to the pledgee or holder of the right of usufruct. The Company or any of its Subsidiaries shall not cast a vote at the General Meeting in respect of Shares on which it has a right of usufruct or a right of pledge.
8.6.4.
The chairman of the General Meeting determines the method of voting.
8.6.5.
The ruling pronounced by the chairman of the General Meeting in respect of the outcome of any vote taken at a General Meeting is decisive. This equally applies to the contents of any resolution adopted.
8.6.6.
Any and all disputes with regard to voting for which neither the law nor these articles of association provide will be decided by the chairman of the General Meeting.
General Meetings: adoption of resolutions outside a meeting.
Article 8.7.
8.7.1.
Persons with Voting Rights may also adopt any resolutions which they may adopt at a General Meeting without holding a meeting, provided that the resolution is adopted in writing by the unanimous vote of all Persons with Voting Rights. Resolutions cannot be adopted outside a meeting if registered depositary receipts for shares have been issued with the Company’s cooperation.
Chapter 9
Financial year; Annual Accounts. Article 9.1.
9.1.1.
The financial year of the Company will be the calendar year.
9.1.2.
Annually, within the period required by law, the Management Board shall prepare Annual Accounts.
The Annual Accounts must be accompanied by the Auditor’s statement referred to in article 9.2.1, in the Management Report, unless section 2:391 BW does not apply to the Company, as well as the other particulars to be added to those documents by virtue of applicable statutory provisions.
The Annual Accounts must be signed by all Managing Directors and by all Supervisory Directors. If the signature of one or more of them is lacking, this must be disclosed, stating the reasons that any signature is lacking.
9.1.3.
The Company must ensure that the Annual Accounts as prepared, the Management Report and the other particulars referred to in article 9.1.2 are made available at the office of the Company as of the date of the notice of the General Meeting at which they are to be discussed.
The Shareholders and other Persons with Meeting Rights may inspect these documents at the office of the Company and obtain a copy of these documents at no cost.
Auditor.
Article 9.2.
9.2.1.
The General Meeting shall instruct an Auditor to audit the Annual Accounts prepared by the Management Board, in accordance with the provisions of section 2:393(3) BW. The Auditor shall report on his or her audit to the Management Board and the Supervisory Board and shall present the results of his or her examination in an Auditor’s statement regarding the accuracy of the annual accounts.
9.2.2.
If the General Meeting fails to issue instructions to the Auditor, the Supervisory Board will be so authorised, or if the Supervisory Board also fails to give issue instructions to an Auditor, the Management Board.
9.2.3.
The assignment given to the Auditor may be revoked by the General Meeting and by the corporate body which has given that assignment. Furthermore, the assignment given by the Management Board may be revoked by the Supervisory Board.
The assignment may only be revoked for good reasons with due observance of section 2:393(2) BW.
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9.2.4.
The Management Board as well as the Supervisory Board may give assignments to the Auditor or any other Auditor at the expense of the Company.
9.2.5.
In accordance with the provisions of section 2:393(1) BW, the Company shall notify the AFM regarding the proposed Auditor to audit the Annual Accounts before an instruction to the Auditor is given as set out in this article 9.2.
Chapter 10
Profit and loss. Distributions on Shares.
Article 10.1.
10.1.1.
The Company may make distributions on Shares only to the extent that its
Shareholders’ equity exceeds the sum of the paid-up and called-up part of the capital and the reserves which must be maintained by law.
10.1.2.
Distributions of profit, meaning the net earnings after taxes shown by the adopted Annual Accounts, shall be made after the adoption of the Annual Accounts from which it appears that they are permitted, entirely without prejudice to any of the other provisions of the articles of association.
10.1.3.
The Management Board may determine, with the approval of the Supervisory Board, that all or part of the profit shall be added to the reserves.
10.1.4.
The profit remaining after application of article 10.1.3 shall be at the disposal of the General Meeting. The General Meeting may resolve to carry it to the reserves or to distribute it among the holders of Shares.
10.1.5.
On a proposal of the Management Board, which proposal has been approved by the Supervisory Board, the General Meeting may resolve to distribute to the holders of Shares a dividend in the form of Shares in the capital of the Company.
10.1.6.
Subject to the other provisions of this article 10.1 the General Meeting may, on a proposal made by the Management Board which proposal is approved by the Supervisory Board, resolve to make distributions to the holders of Shares to the debit of one or several reserves which the Company is not prohibited from distributing by virtue of the law.
10.1.7.
No dividends on Shares shall be paid to the Company on Shares which the Company itself holds in its own capital or the depositary receipts issued for which are held by the Company, unless such Shares are encumbered with a right of usufruct or pledge.
10.1.8.
The Management Board is authorised to determine how a deficit appearing from the Annual Accounts will be accounted for.
Interim distributions.
Article 10.2.
10.2.1.
The Management Board, subject to the approval of the Supervisory Board, may resolve to make an interim distribution to the Shareholders, provided that an interim statement of assets and liabilities drawn up in accordance with the statutory requirements shows that the requirement of article 10.1.1 has been fulfilled.
10.2.2.
The interim statement of assets and liabilities must relate to the condition of the assets and liabilities on a date no earlier than the first (1st) day of the third (3rd) month preceding the month in which the resolution to distribute is published. It must be prepared on the basis of generally acceptable valuation methods. The amounts to be reserved under the law and these articles of association must be included in the statement of assets and liabilities. It must be signed by the Managing Directors and Supervisory Directors. If one or more of their signatures are missing, this absence and the reason for this absence must be stated.
Notices and payments.
Article 10.3.
10.3.1.
Any proposal for distribution of a dividend on Shares and any resolution to distribute an interim dividend on Shares must immediately be published by the Management Board in accordance with the
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regulations of any stock exchange where the Shares are quoted on the official list. The notification must specify the date when and the place where the dividend will be payable or - in the case of a proposal for distribution of dividend - is expected to be made payable.
10.3.2.
Dividends will be payable no later than thirty (30) days after the date when they were declared, unless the Management Board determines a different date.
10.3.3.
Dividends which have not been claimed upon the expiry of five (5) years and one (1) day after the date when they became payable will be forfeited to the Company and be carried to the reserves.
10.3.4.
The Management Board may determine that distributions on Shares will be made payable either in euro or in another currency.
Chapter 11
Amendment of these articles of association; dissolution of the Company.
Article 11.1.
11.1.1.
A resolution to amend these articles of association or to dissolve the Company may only be adopted by the General Meeting upon the proposal of the Management Board, which proposal has been approved by the Supervisory Board.
11.1.2.
The specific right of Gribhold set out in article 7.6.3 of these articles of association, cannot be amended without the prior written consent of Gribhold until the date such right has lapsed.
Liquidation.
Article 11.2.
11.2.1.
On the dissolution of the Company, the liquidation shall be carried out by the Management Board under the supervision of the Supervisory Board, unless otherwise resolved by the General Meeting.
11.2.2.
Pending the liquidation the provisions of the articles of association shall remain in force to the fullest possible extent.
11.2.3.
The surplus assets of the Company remaining after satisfaction of its debts shall, in accordance with the provisions of section 2:23b BW be for the benefit of the holders of Shares in proportion to the nominal value amount of Shares held by each of them.
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PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
Item 20. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.
Except as hereinafter set forth, there is no Article provision, contract, arrangement or statute under which any director or officer of Just Eat Takeaway.com is insured or indemnified in any manner against any liability which he or she may incur in his or her capacity as such.
Just Eat Takeaway.com is a Dutch public limited liability company and under Dutch law indemnification provisions may be included in the Articles. Accordingly, the Articles provide that, unless Dutch law provides otherwise, Just Eat Takeaway.com will reimburse the current and former Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors and Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors for (a) the reasonable costs of conducting a defense against claims based on acts or failures to act in the exercise of their duties or any other duties currently or previously performed by them at the request of Just Eat Takeaway.com; (b) any damages or fines payable by them as a result of an act or failure to act as referred to above under (a); and (c) the reasonable costs of appearing in other legal proceedings or investigations in which they are involved as current or former Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors or Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors, with the exception of proceedings primarily aimed at pursuing a claim on their own behalf. However, these persons will not be entitled to reimbursement if and to the extent that (i) a Dutch court or, in the event of arbitration, an arbitrator has established in a final and conclusive decision that the act or failure to act of the person concerned can be characterized as willful (opzettelijk) or grossly negligent (grove schuld) misconduct, unless Dutch law provides otherwise or this would, in view of the circumstances of the case, be unacceptable according to standards of reasonableness and fairness; or (ii) the costs or financial loss of the person concerned are covered by insurance and the insurer has paid out the costs or financial loss. Just Eat Takeaway.com may enter into indemnification agreements with the Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors and Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors and officers to provide. Just Eat Takeaway.com has purchased directors’ and officers’ liability insurance for the Just Eat Takeaway.com Managing Directors and Just Eat Takeaway.com Supervisory Directors and certain other officers, substantially in line with that purchased by similarly situated companies conducting business in the same sector.
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Item 21. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.
Exhibit
Number
Description
2.1
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of 10 June 2020, among Grubhub Inc., Checkers Merger Sub I, Inc., Checkers Merger Sub II, Inc. and Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. (included as Annex A-1 to the proxy statement/prospectus forming part of this Registration Statement and incorporated herein by reference).
 
 
First Amendment, dated as of 4 September 2020, among Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., Checkers Merger Sub I, Inc., Checkers Merger Sub II, Inc. and Grubhub Inc., to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of 10 June 2020, among Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., Checkers Merger Sub I, Inc., Checkers Merger Sub II, Inc. and Grubhub Inc. (included as Annex A-2 to the proxy statement/prospectus forming part of this Registration Statement and incorporated herein by reference).
 
 
Second Amendment, dated as of 12 March 2021, among Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., Checkers Merger Sub I, Inc., Checkers Merger Sub II, Inc. and Grubhub Inc., to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of 10 June 2020, among Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., Checkers Merger Sub I, Inc., Checkers Merger Sub II, Inc. and Grubhub Inc., as amended by the First Amendment, dated as of 4 September 2020, among Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., Checkers Merger Sub I, Inc., Checkers Merger Sub II, Inc. and Grubhub Inc. (included as Annex A-3 to the proxy statement/prospectus forming part of this Registration Statement and incorporated herein by reference).
 
 
3.1
Unofficial Translation Articles of Association of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. (included as Annex D to the proxy statement/prospectus forming part of this Registration Statement and incorporated herein by reference).
 
 
4.2
Form of Deposit Agreement between Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as depositary, and the holders and beneficial owners of American Depositary Shares evidenced by American Depositary Receipts issued thereunder.
 
 
4.3
Trust Deed, dated 25 January 2019, between Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. (formerly Takeaway.com N.V.) and Stichting Trustee Takeaway.com as trustee for the holders of the Convertible Bonds 2019.
 
 
4.4
Trust Deed, dated 30 April 2020, between Just Eat Takeaway.com and Stichting Trustee Just Eat Takeaway.com as trustee for the holders of the Convertible Bonds 2020.
 
 
4.5
Trust Deed, dated 9 February 2021, between Just Eat Takeaway.com and Stichting Trustee Just Eat Takeaway.com II as trustee for the holders of the Tranche A Convertible Bonds 2021.
 
 
4.6
Trust Deed, dated 9 February 2021, between Just Eat Takeaway.com and Stichting Trustee Just Eat Takeaway.com II as trustee for the holders of the Tranche B Convertible Bonds 2021.
 
 
4.7
Indenture, dated 10 June 2019, among Grubhub Holdings Inc., the guarantors party thereto and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Grubhub Inc.’s Form 8-K dated 10 June 2019).
 
 
5.1
Form of Opinion of De Brauw Blackstone Westbroek N.V. regarding legality of the Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. Shares being registered pursuant to this Registration Statement.
 
 
8.1
Form of Opinion of Kirkland & Ellis LLP regarding tax matters and consequences for Grubhub Stockholders in connection with the Transaction.
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Exhibit
Number
Description
Voting and Support Agreement, dated 10 June 2020, among Mr. Jitse Groen and Grubhub Inc. (included as Annex B to the proxy statement/prospectus forming part of this Registration Statement and incorporated herein by reference).
 
 
Amendment and Restatement Agreement, dated 9 March 2020 in respect of the Multicurrency Revolving Facilities Agreement, dated 2 November 2017, among Just Eat Limited (f/k/a Just Eat Plc), certain subsidiaries of Just Eat Limited, HSBC Bank plc as agent and the mandated lead arrangers, lead arranger and bookrunners named therein.
 
 
Accession Letter, dated 23 October 2020, in respect of the Multicurrency Revolving Facilities Agreement, dated 2 November 2017, among Just Eat Limited (f/k/a Just Eat Plc), certain subsidiaries of Just Eat Limited, HSBC Bank plc as agent and the mandated lead arrangers, lead arranger and bookrunners named therein, by Takeaway.com Group B.V., Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., Takeaway.com European Operations B.V., YD.Yourdelivery GmbH and Just Eat Limited.
 
 
Relationship Agreement, dated 20 December 2018 between Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. and Delivery Hero SE.
 
 
List of Subsidiaries of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V.
 
 
Consent of Deloitte Accountants B.V., independent registered public accounting firm of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V.
 
 
Consent of Deloitte LLP, independent auditor of Just Eat Limited (formerly Just Eat plc).
 
 
Consent of Crowe LLP, independent registered public accounting firm of Grubhub Inc.
 
 
Consent of De Brauw Blackstone Westbroek N.V. (included in Exhibit 5.1).
 
 
Consent of Kirkland & Ellis LLP (included in Exhibit 8.1).
 
 
Power of Attorney (contained on signature page to this Registration Statement).
 
 
Form of Proxy Card of Grubhub Inc.
 
 
Consent of Evercore Group L.L.C.
 
 
Consent of Matthew Maloney.
 
 
Consent of Lloyd Frink.
 
 
Consent of David Fisher.

Portions of this exhibit, marked by brackets, have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(10)(iv) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, because such provisions or terms are both (i) not material and (ii) the registrant customarily and actually treats such information as private or confidential.
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Item 22. Undertakings
The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:
(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:
(a) to include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;
(b) to reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement; and
(c) to include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement.
(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.
(4) To file a post-effective amendment to the registration statement to include any financial statements required by Item 8.A. of Form 20-F at the start of any delayed or continuous offering.
(5) That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser: if the registrant is subject to Rule 430C, each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use.
(6) That, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities, in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:
(a) any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;
(b) any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;
(c) the portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and
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(d) any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.
(7) That, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the registrant’s annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan’s annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
(8) That prior to any public reoffering of the securities registered hereunder through use of a prospectus which is a part of this registration statement, by any person or party who is deemed to be an underwriter within the meaning of Rule 145(c), the issuer undertakes that such reoffering prospectus will contain the information called for by the applicable registration form with respect to reofferings by persons who may be deemed underwriters, in addition to the information called for by the other Items of the applicable form.
(9) That every prospectus: (a) that is filed pursuant to the immediately preceding paragraph, or (b) that purports to meet the requirements of Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933 and is used in connection with an offering of securities subject to Rule 415, will be filed as a part of an amendment to the registration statement and will not be used until such amendment is effective, and that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
(10) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question of whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
(11) To respond to requests for information that is incorporated by reference into the prospectus pursuant to Items 4, 10(b), 11 or 13 of this Form, within one business day of receipt of such request, and to send the incorporated documents by first class mail or other equally prompt means, and to arrange or provide for a facility in the United States for the purpose of responding to such requests. This includes information contained in documents filed subsequent to the effective date of the registration statement through the date of responding to the request.
(12) To supply by means of a post-effective amendment all information concerning a transaction, and the company being acquired involved therein, that was not the subject of and included in the registration statement when it became effective.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in Amsterdam, the Netherlands on 27 April 2021.
 
JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V.
 
 
 
By:
/s/ Brent Wissink
 
 
Name: Brent Wissink
 
 
Title: Chief Financial Officer
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears above and below hereby constitutes and appoints Tom Pereira and Sophie Versteege, and each of them acting without the other, as his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for and in his or her name, place and stead, with full power and authority to act in any and all capacities in connection with a registration statement on Form F-4 (the “Registration Statement”) relating to the registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), of the share capital of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. including, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, to execute the Registration Statement on his or her behalf as a director or officer of, or on behalf of, Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., and any or all amendments or supplements thereto, including any or all pre- and post-effective amendments, whether on Form F-4 or otherwise, and any new registration statement related thereto, filed under Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, including this power of attorney, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and each of them full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done or incidental to the performance and execution of the powers herein expressly granted and that may be required to enable Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. to comply with the Securities Act or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and any rules, regulations or requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission in respect thereof, as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that either said attorney-in-fact or his substitute or substitutes may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities indicated below on 27 April 2021.
Name
Title
 
 
/s/ Jitse Groen
Managing Director
(Chief Executive Officer)
Name: Jitse Groen
 
 
/s/ Brent Wissink
Managing Director
(Chief Financial Officer)
Name: Brent Wissink
 
 
/s/ Jörg Gerbig
Managing Director
(Chief Operating Officer)
Name: Jörg Gerbig
 
 
/s/ Adriaan Nühn
Supervisory Director
(Chairman of the Supervisory Board)
Name: Adriaan Nühn
 
 
/s/ Corinne Vigreux
Supervisory Director
(Vice-Chairman of the Supervisory Board)
Name: Corinne Vigreux
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Name
Title
 
 
/s/ Gwyn Burr
Supervisory Director
Name: Gwyn Burr
 
 
 
/s/ Jambu Palaniappan
Supervisory Director
Name: Jambu Palaniappan
 
 
 
/s/ Ron Teerlink
Supervisory Director
Name: Ron Teerlink
 
AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the undersigned has signed this Registration Statement, solely in the capacity of the duly authorized representative of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. in the United States, on 27 April 2021.
Puglisi & Associates
 
/s/ Donald Puglisi
Authorized Representative in the United States
By:
Name:
Donald Puglisi
 
 
Title:
Managing Director
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Exhibit 4.2


DEPOSIT AGREEMENT

by and among

JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V.

as Issuer,

DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS

as Depositary,

AND

THE HOLDERS AND BENEFICIAL OWNERS

OF AMERICAN DEPOSITARY SHARES EVIDENCED BY

AMERICAN DEPOSITARY RECEIPTS ISSUED HEREUNDER

Dated as of       , 2021



DEPOSIT AGREEMENT

DEPOSIT AGREEMENT, dated as of       , 2021, by and among (i) Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., a company incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands with its principal executive office at Oosterdoksstraat 80, 1011 DK Amsterdam, The Netherlands (together with its successors, the “Company”), (ii) Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Deutsche Bank AG, acting in its capacity as depositary, with its principal office at 60 Wall Street, New York, NY 10005, United States of America (the “Depositary” which term shall include any successor depositary hereunder), and (iii) all Holders and Beneficial Owners of American Depositary Shares evidenced by American Depositary Receipts issued hereunder (all such capitalized terms as hereinafter defined).

W I T N E S S E T H  T H A T:

WHEREAS, the Company desires to establish an ADR facility with the Depositary to provide for the deposit of the Shares and the creation of American Depositary Shares representing the Shares so deposited;

WHEREAS, the Depositary is willing to act as the depositary for such ADR facility upon the terms set forth in this Deposit Agreement;

WHEREAS, the American Depositary Receipts evidencing the American Depositary Shares issued pursuant to the terms of this Deposit Agreement are to be substantially in the form of Exhibit A and Exhibit B annexed hereto, with appropriate insertions, modifications and omissions, as hereinafter provided in this Deposit Agreement;

WHEREAS, the Shares are listed on the London Stock Exchange and Euronext Amsterdam, and the American Depositary Shares to be issued pursuant to the terms of this Deposit Agreement are to be listed for trading on the NASDAQ Global Select Market, and

WHEREAS, the Management Board has duly approved the establishment of an ADR facility upon the terms set forth in this Deposit Agreement, the execution and delivery of this Deposit Agreement on behalf of the Company, and the actions of the Company and the transactions contemplated herein.

NOW, THEREFORE, for good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows:

ARTICLE I.

DEFINITIONS

All capitalized terms used, but not otherwise defined, herein shall have the meanings set forth below, unless otherwise clearly indicated:

SECTION 1.1  “ADS Record Date” shall have the meaning given to such term in Section 4.7 hereof.

SECTION 1.2  “Affiliate” shall have the meaning assigned to such term by the Commission under Regulation C promulgated under the Securities Act.

SECTION 1.3  “Agent” shall mean such entity or entities as the Depositary may appoint under Section 7.8 hereof, including the Custodian or any successor or addition thereto.

SECTION 1.4  “American Depositary Share(s)” and “ADS(s)” shall mean the securities represented by the rights and interests in the Deposited Securities granted to the Holders and Beneficial Owners pursuant to this Deposit Agreement and evidenced by the American Depositary Receipts issued hereunder.  Every [five]1 American Depositary Shares shall represent the right to receive one Share, until there shall occur a distribution upon Deposited Securities referred to in Section 4.2 hereof or a change in Deposited Securities referred to in Section 4.9 hereof with respect to which additional American Depositary Receipts are not executed and delivered and thereafter each American Depositary Share shall represent the Shares or Deposited Securities specified in such Sections.

SECTION 1.5  “Article” shall refer to an article of the American Depositary Receipts as set forth in the Form of Face of Receipt and Form of Reverse of Receipt in Exhibit A and Exhibit B annexed hereto.

SECTION 1.6  “Articles of Association” shall mean the articles of association of the Company, as amended from time to time.

SECTION 1.7  “Beneficial Owner” shall mean as to any ADS, any person or entity having a beneficial interest in such ADS.  A Beneficial Owner need not be the Holder of the ADR evidencing such ADSs. A Beneficial Owner may exercise any rights or receive any benefits hereunder solely through the Holder of the ADR(s) evidencing the ADSs in which such Beneficial Owner has an interest.

SECTION 1.8  “Business Day” shall mean each Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday which is not (a) a day on which banking institutions in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York are authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close or (b) a day on which the market(s) in which ADSs are traded are closed.

SECTION 1.9  “Commission” shall mean the Securities and Exchange Commission of the United States or any successor governmental agency in the United States.

SECTION 1.10  “Company” shall mean Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., a company incorporated and existing under the laws of the Netherlands, and its successors.

SECTION 1.11  “Corporate Trust Office”, when used with respect to the Depositary, shall mean the corporate trust office of the Depositary at which at any particular time its depositary receipts business shall be administered, which, at the date of this Deposit Agreement, is located at 60 Wall Street, New York, New York 10005, U.S.A.

SECTION 1.12  “Custodian” shall mean, as of the date hereof, Deutsche Bank AG, Amsterdam Branch, having its principal office at DE Entree 195, 1101 HE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, as the custodian for the purposes of this Deposit Agreement, and any other firm or corporation which may hereinafter be appointed by the Depositary pursuant to the terms of Section 5.5 hereof as a successor or an additional custodian or custodians hereunder, as the context shall require.  The term “Custodian” shall mean all custodians, collectively.


1 The deposit agreement will initially provide that every ten American Depositary Shares shall represent the right to receive one Share and will be amended prior to closing of the acquisition of Grubhub Inc. such that every five American Depositary Shares shall represent the right to receive one Share.
 
2

SECTION 1.13  “Deliver”, “Deliverable” and “Delivery” shall mean, when used in respect of American Depositary Shares, Receipts, Deposited Securities and Shares, the physical delivery of the certificate representing such security, or the electronic delivery of such security by means of book‑entry transfer, as appropriate, including, without limitation, through DRS/Profile.  With respect to DRS/Profile ADRs, the terms “execute”, “issue”, “register”, “surrender”, “transfer” or “cancel” refer to applicable entries or movements to or within DRS/Profile.

SECTION 1.14  “Deposit Agreement” shall mean this Deposit Agreement and all exhibits annexed hereto, as the same may from time to time be amended and supplemented in accordance with the terms hereof.

SECTION 1.15  “Depositary” shall mean Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Deutsche Bank AG, in its capacity as depositary under the terms of this Deposit Agreement, and any successor depositary hereunder.

SECTION 1.16  “Deposited Securities” as of any time shall mean Shares at such time deposited or deemed to be deposited under this Deposit Agreement and any and all other securities, property and cash received or deemed to be received by the Depositary or the Custodian in respect thereof and held hereunder, subject, in the case of cash, to the provisions of Section 4.6.

SECTION 1.17  “Dollars” and “$” shall mean the lawful currency of the United States.

SECTION 1.18  “DRS/Profile” shall mean the system for the uncertificated registration of ownership of securities pursuant to which ownership of ADSs is maintained on the books of the Depositary without the issuance of a physical certificate and transfer instructions may be given to allow for the automated transfer of ownership between the books of DTC and the Depositary.  Ownership of ADSs held in DRS/Profile is evidenced by periodic statements issued by the Depositary to the Holders entitled thereto.

SECTION 1.19  “DTC” shall mean The Depository Trust Company, the central book‑entry clearinghouse and settlement system for securities traded in the United States, and any successor thereto.

SECTION 1.20  “DTC Participants” shall mean participants within DTC.

SECTION 1.21  “Exchange Act” shall mean the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as from time to time amended.

SECTION 1.22  “Foreign Currency” shall mean any currency other than Dollars.

SECTION 1.23  “Foreign Registrar” shall mean the entity, if any, that carries out the duties of registrar for the Shares or any successor as registrar for the Shares and any other appointed agent of the Company for the transfer and registration of Shares or, if no such agent is so appointed and acting, the Company. For the avoidance of doubt, the definition of “Foreign Registrar” does not include the Company’s registrar for CREST depositary interests for Shares traded in the United Kingdom.
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SECTION 1.24  “Holder” shall mean the person in whose name a Receipt is registered on the books of the Depositary (or the Registrar, if any) maintained for such purpose.  A Holder may or may not be a Beneficial Owner.  A Holder shall be deemed to have all requisite authority to act on behalf of those Beneficial Owners of the ADRs registered in such Holder’s name.

SECTION 1.25  “Indemnified Person” and “Indemnifying Person” shall have the respective meanings set forth in Section 5.8 hereof.

SECTION 1.26  “Losses” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.8 hereof.

SECTION 1.27  “Management Board” shall mean the management board of the Company.

SECTION 1.28  “Opinion of Counsel” shall mean a written opinion from legal counsel to the Company who is acceptable to the Depositary.

SECTION 1.29  “Receipt(s)”; “American Depositary Receipt(s)”; and “ADR(s)” shall mean the certificate(s) or statement(s) issued by the Depositary evidencing the American Depositary Shares issued under the terms of this Deposit Agreement, as such Receipts may be amended from time to time in accordance with the provisions of this Deposit Agreement.  References to Receipts shall include physical certificated Receipts as well as ADSs issued through any book-entry system, including, without limitation, DRS/Profile, unless the context otherwise requires.

SECTION 1.30  “Registrar” shall mean the Depositary or any bank or trust company having an office in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, which shall be appointed by the Depositary to register ownership of Receipts and transfer of Receipts as herein provided, and shall include any co‑registrar appointed by the Depositary for such purposes.  Registrars (other than the Depositary) may be removed and substitutes appointed by the Depositary.

SECTION 1.31 “Restricted Securities” shall mean Shares which (i) have been acquired directly or indirectly from the Company or any of its Affiliates in a transaction or chain of transactions not involving any public offering and subject to resale limitations under the Securities Act or the rules issued thereunder, or (ii) are held by an officer or director (or persons performing similar functions) or other Affiliate of the Company or (iii) are subject to other restrictions on sale or deposit under the laws of the United States or the Netherlands, under a shareholders’ agreement, shareholders’ lock‑up agreement or the Articles of Association or other constituent documents or under the regulations of an applicable securities exchange or listing authority unless, in each case, such Shares are being sold to persons other than an Affiliate of the Company in a transaction (x) covered by an effective resale registration statement or (y) exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act (as hereafter defined) and the Shares are not, when held by such person, Restricted Securities.

SECTION 1.32  “Securities Act” shall mean the United States Securities Act of 1933, as from time to time amended.
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SECTION 1.33  “Shares” shall mean ordinary shares in registered form of the Company, nominal value €0.04 each, heretofore or hereafter validly issued and outstanding and fully paid.  References to Shares shall include evidence of rights to receive Shares, whether or not stated in the particular instance; provided, however, that in no event shall Shares include evidence of rights to receive Shares with respect to which the full purchase price has not been paid or Shares as to which pre‑emptive rights have theretofore not been validly waived or exercised; provided further, however, that, if there shall occur any change in par value, split‑up, consolidation, reclassification, exchange, conversion or any other event described in Section 4.9 hereof in respect of the Shares, the term “Shares” shall thereafter, to the extent permitted by law, represent the successor securities resulting from such change in par value, split‑up, consolidation, reclassification, exchange, conversion or event.

SECTION 1.34  “Supervisory Board” shall mean the supervisory board of the Company.

SECTION 1.35  “United States” or “U.S.” shall mean the United States of America.

ARTICLE II.

APPOINTMENT OF DEPOSITARY; FORM OF RECEIPT; DEPOSIT OF SHARES; EXECUTION AND DELIVERY, TRANSFER AND SURRENDER OF RECEIPTS

SECTION 2.1  Appointment of Depositary.  The Company hereby appoints the Depositary as exclusive depositary for the Deposited Securities and hereby authorizes and directs the Depositary to act in accordance with the terms set forth in this Deposit Agreement.  Each Holder and each Beneficial Owner, upon acceptance of any ADSs (or any interest therein) issued in accordance with the terms of this Deposit Agreement, shall be deemed for all purposes to (a) be a party to and bound by the terms of this Deposit Agreement and the applicable ADR(s) and (b) appoint the Depositary its attorney‑in‑fact, with full power to delegate, to act on its behalf and to take any and all actions contemplated in this Deposit Agreement and the applicable ADR(s), to adopt any and all procedures necessary to comply with applicable law and to take such action as the Depositary in its sole discretion may deem necessary or appropriate to carry out the purposes of this Deposit Agreement and the applicable ADR(s) (the taking of such actions to be the conclusive determinant of the necessity and appropriateness thereof).

SECTION 2.2  Form and Transferability of Receipts.

(a)          Form.  Receipts in certificated form shall be substantially in the form set forth in Exhibit A and Exhibit B annexed to this Deposit Agreement, with appropriate insertions, modifications and omissions, as hereinafter provided.  Receipts may be issued in denominations of any number of American Depositary Shares.  No Receipt in certificated form shall be entitled to any benefits under this Deposit Agreement or be valid or obligatory for any purpose, unless such Receipt shall have been dated and signed by the manual or facsimile signature of a duly authorized signatory of the Depositary.  The Depositary shall maintain books on which each Receipt so executed and Delivered, in the case of Receipts in certificated form, and each Receipt issued through any book‑entry system, including, without limitation, DRS/Profile, in either case as hereinafter provided, and the transfer of each such Receipt shall be registered.  Receipts in certificated form bearing the manual or facsimile signature of a duly authorized signatory of the Depositary who was at any time a proper signatory of the Depositary shall bind the Depositary, notwithstanding the fact that such signatory has ceased to hold such office prior to the execution and Delivery of such Receipts by the Registrar or did not hold such office on the date of issuance of such Receipts.
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Notwithstanding anything in this Deposit Agreement or in the form of Receipt to the contrary, to the extent available by the Depositary, ADSs shall be evidenced by Receipts issued through any book-entry system, including, without limitation, DRS/Profile, unless certificated Receipts are specifically requested by the Holder.  Holders and Beneficial Owners shall be bound by the terms and conditions of this Deposit Agreement and of the form of Receipt, regardless of whether their Receipts are in certificated form or are issued through any book-entry system, including, without limitation, DRS/Profile.

(b)          Legends.  In addition to the foregoing, the Receipts may, and upon the written request of the Company shall, be endorsed with, or have incorporated in the text thereof, such legends or recitals or modifications not inconsistent with the provisions of this Deposit Agreement as may be (i) necessary to enable the Depositary and the Company to perform their respective obligations hereunder, (ii) required to comply with any applicable laws or regulations, or with the rules and regulations of any securities exchange or market upon which ADSs may be traded, listed or quoted, or to conform with any usage with respect thereto, (iii) necessary to indicate any special limitations or restrictions to which any particular ADRs or ADSs are subject by reason of the date of issuance of the Deposited Securities or otherwise or (iv) required by any book‑entry system in which the ADSs are held.  Holders and Beneficial Owners shall be deemed, for all purposes, to have notice of, and to be bound by, the terms and conditions of the legends set forth, in the case of Holders, on the ADR registered in the name of the applicable Holders or, in the case of Beneficial Owners, on the ADR representing the ADSs owned by such Beneficial Owners.

(c)          Title. Subject to the limitations contained herein and in the form of Receipt, title to a Receipt (and to the ADSs evidenced thereby), when properly endorsed (in the case of certificated Receipts) or upon delivery to the Depositary of proper instruments of transfer, shall be transferable by delivery with the same effect as in the case of a negotiable instrument under the laws of the State of New York; provided, however, that the Depositary, notwithstanding any notice to the contrary, may treat the Holder thereof as the absolute owner thereof for the purpose of determining the person entitled to distribution of dividends or other distributions or to any notice provided for in this Deposit Agreement and for all other purposes and neither the Depositary nor the Company will have any obligation or be subject to any liability under the Deposit Agreement to any holder of a Receipt, unless such holder is the Holder thereof.

SECTION 2.3  Deposits.
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(a)          Subject to the terms and conditions of this Deposit Agreement and applicable law, Shares or evidence of rights to receive Shares may be deposited by any person (including the Depositary in its individual capacity but subject, however, in the case of the Company or any Affiliate of the Company, to Section 5.7 hereof) at any time, whether or not the transfer books of the Company or the Foreign Registrar, if any, are closed, by Delivery of the Shares to the Custodian.  Every deposit of Shares shall be accompanied by the following: (A)(i) in the case of Shares represented by certificates issued in registered form, appropriate instruments of transfer or endorsement, in a form satisfactory to the Custodian, (ii) in the case of Shares represented by certificates issued in bearer form, such Shares or the certificates representing such Shares and (iii) in the case of Shares Delivered by book‑entry transfer, confirmation of such book‑entry transfer to the Custodian or that irrevocable instructions have been given to cause such Shares to be so transferred, (B) such certifications and payments (including, without limitation, the Depositary’s fees and related charges) and evidence of such payments (including, without limitation, stamping or otherwise marking such Shares by way of receipt) as may be required by the Depositary or the Custodian in accordance with the provisions of this Deposit Agreement or as may be deemed by them to be appropriate in the circumstances, (C) if the Depositary so requires, a written order directing the Depositary to execute and Deliver to, or upon the written order of, the person or persons stated in such order a Receipt or Receipts for the number of American Depositary Shares representing the Shares so deposited, (D) evidence satisfactory to the Depositary (which may include an opinion of counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Depositary provided at the cost of the person seeking to deposit Shares) that all conditions to such deposit have been met and all necessary approvals have been granted by, and there has been compliance with the rules and regulations of, any applicable governmental agency and (E) if the Depositary so requires, (i) an agreement, assignment or instrument satisfactory to the Depositary or the Custodian which provides for the prompt transfer by any person in whose name the Shares are or have been recorded to the Custodian of any distribution, or right to subscribe for additional Shares or to receive other property in respect of any such deposited Shares or, in lieu thereof, such indemnity or other agreement as shall be satisfactory to the Depositary or the Custodian and (ii) if the Shares are registered in the name of the person on whose behalf they are presented for deposit, a proxy or proxies entitling the Custodian to exercise voting rights in respect of the Shares for any and all purposes until the Shares so deposited are registered in the name of the Depositary, the Custodian or any nominee.  No Share shall be accepted for deposit unless accompanied by confirmation or such additional evidence, if any is required by the Depositary, that is reasonably satisfactory to the Depositary or the Custodian that all conditions to such deposit have been satisfied by the person depositing such Shares under the laws and regulations of the Netherlands and any necessary approval has been granted by any governmental body in the Netherlands, if any, which is then performing the function of the regulator of currency exchange.  The Depositary may issue Receipts against evidence of rights to receive Shares from the Company, any agent of the Company or any custodian, registrar, transfer agent, clearing agency or other entity involved in ownership or transaction records in respect of the Shares.  Without limitation of the foregoing, the Depositary shall not knowingly accept for deposit under this Deposit Agreement (i) any Shares or other Deposited Securities required to be registered under the provisions of the Securities Act, unless a registration statement is in effect as to such Shares or other Deposited Securities, or (ii) any Shares or other Deposited Securities the deposit of which would violate any provisions of the Articles of Association.  The Depositary shall use commercially reasonable efforts to comply with reasonable written instructions of the Company that the Depositary shall not accept for deposit hereunder any Shares specifically identified in such instructions at such times and under such circumstances as may reasonably be specified in such instructions in order to facilitate the Company’s compliance with the securities laws in the United States and other jurisdictions; provided that, subject to and in accordance with Section 5.8 hereof, the Company shall indemnify the Depositary and the Custodian for any claims and losses arising from not accepting the deposit of any Shares identified in the Company’s instructions.
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(b)          As soon as practicable after receipt of any permitted deposit hereunder and compliance with the provisions of this Deposit Agreement, the Custodian shall present the Shares so deposited, together with the appropriate instrument or instruments of transfer or endorsement, duly stamped, to the Foreign Registrar for transfer and registration of the Shares (as soon as transfer and registration can be accomplished and at the expense of the person for whom the deposit is made) in the name of the Depositary, the Custodian or a nominee of either.  Deposited Securities shall be held by the Depositary or by a Custodian for the account and to the order of the Depositary or a nominee, in each case for the account of the Holders and Beneficial Owners, at such place or places as the Depositary or the Custodian shall determine.

(c)          In the event any Shares are deposited which entitle the holders thereof to receive a per‑share distribution or other entitlement in an amount different from the Shares then on deposit, the Depositary is authorized to take any and all actions as may be necessary (including, without limitation, making the necessary notations on Receipts) to give effect to the issuance of such ADSs and to ensure that such ADSs are not fungible with other ADSs issued hereunder until such time as the entitlement of the Shares represented by such non‑fungible ADSs equals that of the Shares represented by ADSs prior to such deposit. The Company agrees to give timely written notice to the Depositary if any Shares issued or to be issued contain rights different from those of any other Shares theretofore issued and shall assist the Depositary with the establishment of procedures enabling the identification of such non‑fungible Shares upon Delivery to the Custodian.

SECTION 2.4  Execution and Delivery of Receipts.  After the deposit of any Shares pursuant to Section 2.3 hereof, the Custodian shall notify the Depositary of such deposit and the person or persons to whom or upon whose written order a Receipt or Receipts are Deliverable in respect thereof and the number of American Depositary Shares to be evidenced thereby.  Such notification shall be made by letter, first class airmail postage prepaid, or, at the request, risk and expense of the person making the deposit, by cable, telex, SWIFT, facsimile or electronic transmission.  After receiving such notice from the Custodian, the Depositary, subject to this Deposit Agreement (including, without limitation, the payment of the fees, expenses, taxes and/or other charges owing hereunder), shall issue the ADSs representing the Shares so deposited to or upon the order of the person or persons named in the notice delivered to the Depositary and shall execute and Deliver a Receipt registered in the name or names requested by such person or persons evidencing in the aggregate the number of American Depositary Shares to which such person or persons are entitled.

SECTION 2.5  Transfer of Receipts; Combination and Split‑up of Receipts.

(a)          Transfer.  The Depositary, or, if a Registrar (other than the Depositary) for the Receipts shall have been appointed, the Registrar, subject to the terms and conditions of this Deposit Agreement, shall register transfers of Receipts on its books, upon surrender at the Corporate Trust Office of the Depositary of a Receipt by the Holder thereof in person or by duly authorized attorney, properly endorsed in the case of a certificated Receipt or accompanied by, or in the case of Receipts issued through any book-entry system, including, without limitation, DRS/Profile, receipt by the Depositary of, proper instruments of transfer (including signature guarantees in accordance with standard industry practice) and duly stamped as may be required by the laws of the State of New York, of the United States, of the Netherlands or of any other applicable jurisdiction.  Subject to the terms and conditions of this Deposit Agreement, including payment of the applicable fees and charges of the Depositary set forth in Section 5.9 hereof and Article (9) of the Receipt, the Depositary shall execute a new Receipt or Receipts and Deliver the same to or upon the order of the person entitled thereto evidencing the same aggregate number of American Depositary Shares as those evidenced by the Receipts surrendered.
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(b)          Combination and Split Up.  The Depositary, subject to the terms and conditions of this Deposit Agreement shall, upon surrender of a Receipt or Receipts for the purpose of effecting a split‑up or combination of such Receipt or Receipts and upon payment to the Depositary of the applicable fees and charges set forth in Section 5.9 hereof and Article (9) of the Receipt, execute and Deliver a new Receipt or Receipts for any authorized number of American Depositary Shares requested, evidencing the same aggregate number of American Depositary Shares as the Receipt or Receipts surrendered.

(c)          Co‑Transfer Agents.  The Depositary may appoint one or more co‑transfer agents for the purpose of effecting transfers, combinations and split‑ups of Receipts at designated transfer offices on behalf of the Depositary. In carrying out its functions, a co‑transfer agent may require evidence of authority and compliance with applicable laws and other requirements by Holders or persons entitled to such Receipts and will be entitled to protection and indemnity, in each case to the same extent as the Depositary. Such co‑transfer agents may be removed and substitutes appointed by the Depositary.  Each co‑transfer agent appointed under this Section 2.5 (other than the Depositary) shall give notice in writing to the Depositary accepting such appointment and agreeing to be bound by the applicable terms of this Deposit Agreement.

(d)          Substitution of Receipts. At the request of a Holder, the Depositary shall, for the purpose of substituting a certificated Receipt with a Receipt issued through any book-entry system, including, without limitation, DRS/Profile, or vice versa, execute and Deliver a certificated Receipt or deliver a statement, as the case may be, for any authorized number of ADSs requested, evidencing the same aggregate number of ADSs as those evidenced by the relevant Receipt.

SECTION 2.6  Surrender of Receipts and Withdrawal of Deposited Securities.  Upon surrender, at the Corporate Trust Office of the Depositary, of American Depositary Shares for the purpose of withdrawal of the Deposited Securities represented thereby, and upon payment of (i) the fees and charges of the Depositary for the making of withdrawals of Deposited Securities and cancellation of Receipts (as set forth in Section 5.9 hereof and Article (9) of the Receipt) and (ii) all fees, taxes and/or governmental charges payable in connection with such surrender and withdrawal, and subject to the terms and conditions of this Deposit Agreement, the Articles of Association, Section 7.11 hereof and any other provisions of or governing the Deposited Securities and other applicable laws, the Holder of such American Depositary Shares shall be entitled to Delivery, to him or upon his order, of the Deposited Securities at the time represented by the American Depositary Shares so surrendered.  American Depositary Shares may be surrendered for the purpose of withdrawing Deposited Securities by Delivery of a Receipt evidencing such American Depositary Shares (if held in certificated form) or by book‑entry Delivery of such American Depositary Shares to the Depositary.

A Receipt surrendered for such purposes shall, if so required by the Depositary, be properly endorsed in blank or accompanied by proper instruments of transfer in blank, and if the Depositary so requires, the Holder thereof shall execute and deliver to the Depositary a written order directing the Depositary to cause the Deposited Securities being withdrawn to be Delivered to or upon the written order of a person or persons designated in such order. Thereupon, the Depositary shall direct the Custodian to Deliver (without unreasonable delay) at the designated office of the Custodian or through a book‑entry delivery of the Shares (in either case, subject to Sections 2.7, 3.1, 3.2, 5.9, hereof and to the other terms and conditions of this Deposit Agreement, to the Articles of Association, and to the provisions of or governing the Deposited Securities and applicable laws, now or hereafter in effect) to or upon the written order of the person or persons designated in the order delivered to the Depositary as provided above, the Deposited Securities represented by such American Depositary Shares, together with any certificate or other proper documents of or relating to title of the Deposited Securities as may be legally required, as the case may be, to or for the account of such person.
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The Depositary may refuse to accept for surrender American Depositary Shares only in the circumstances described in Article (4) of the Receipt.  Subject thereto, in the case of surrender of a Receipt evidencing a number of American Depositary Shares representing other than a whole number of Shares, the Depositary shall cause ownership of the appropriate whole number of Shares to be Delivered in accordance with the terms hereof, and shall, at the discretion of the Depositary, either (i) issue and Deliver to the person surrendering such Receipt a new Receipt evidencing American Depositary Shares representing any remaining fractional Share, or (ii) sell or cause to be sold the fractional Shares represented by the Receipt surrendered and remit the proceeds of such sale (net of (a) applicable fees and charges of, and expenses incurred by, the Depositary and/or a division or Affiliate(s) of the Depositary and (b) taxes and/or governmental charges) to the person surrendering the Receipt.

At the request, risk and expense of any Holder so surrendering a Receipt, and for the account of such Holder, the Depositary shall direct the Custodian to forward (to the extent permitted by law) any cash or other property (other than securities) held in respect of, and any certificate or certificates and other proper documents of or relating to title to, the Deposited Securities represented by such Receipt to the Depositary for delivery at the Corporate Trust Office of the Depositary, and for further Delivery to such Holder.  Such direction shall be given by letter or, at the request, risk and expense of such Holder, by cable, telex or facsimile transmission. Upon receipt by the Depositary of such direction, the Depositary may make delivery to such person or persons entitled thereto at the Corporate Trust Office of the Depositary of any dividends or cash distributions with respect to the Deposited Securities represented by such American Depositary Shares, or of any proceeds of sale of any dividends, distributions or rights, which may at the time be held by the Depositary.

SECTION 2.7  Limitations on Execution and Delivery, Transfer, etc. of Receipts; Suspension of Delivery, Transfer, etc.

(a)          Additional Requirements.  As a condition precedent to the execution and Delivery, registration, registration of transfer, split‑up, subdivision, combination or surrender of any Receipt, the Delivery of any distribution thereon (whether in cash or shares) or withdrawal of any Deposited Securities, the Depositary or the Custodian may require (i) payment from the depositor of Shares or presenter of the Receipt of a sum sufficient to reimburse it for any tax or other governmental charge and any stock transfer or registration fee with respect thereto (including any such tax or charge and fee with respect to Shares being deposited or withdrawn) and payment of any applicable fees and charges of the Depositary as provided in Section 5.9 hereof and Article (9) of the Receipt, (ii) the production of proof satisfactory to it as to the identity and genuineness of any signature or any other matter contemplated by Section 3.1 hereof and (iii) compliance with (A) any laws or governmental regulations relating to the execution and Delivery of Receipts or American Depositary Shares or to the withdrawal or Delivery of Deposited Securities and (B) such reasonable regulations and procedures as the Depositary may establish consistent with the provisions of this Deposit Agreement and applicable law.
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(b)          Additional Limitations.  The issuance of ADSs against deposits of Shares generally or against deposits of particular Shares may be suspended, or the issuance of ADSs against the deposit of particular Shares may be withheld, or the registration of transfer of Receipts in particular instances may be refused, or the registration of transfers of Receipts generally may be suspended, during any period when the transfer books of the Depositary are closed or if any such action is deemed necessary or advisable by the Depositary or the Company, in good faith, at any time or from time to time because of any requirement of law, any government or governmental body or commission or any securities exchange on which the Receipts or Shares are listed, or under any provision of this Deposit Agreement or provisions of, or governing, the Deposited Securities, or any meeting of shareholders of the Company or for any other reason, subject, in all cases, to Section 7.11 hereof.

(c)          The Depositary shall not issue ADSs prior to the receipt of Shares or deliver Shares prior to the receipt and cancellation of ADSs.

SECTION 2.8  Lost Receipts, etc.  To the extent the Depositary has issued Receipts in physical certificated form, in case any Receipt shall be mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen, unless the Depositary has notice that such ADR has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser, subject to Section 5.9 hereof, the Depositary shall execute and Deliver a new Receipt (which, in the discretion of the Depositary may be issued through any book-entry system, including, without limitation, DRS/Profile, unless specifically requested otherwise) in exchange and substitution for such mutilated Receipt upon cancellation thereof, or in lieu of and in substitution for such destroyed, lost or stolen Receipt.  Before the Depositary shall execute and Deliver a new Receipt in substitution for a destroyed, lost or stolen Receipt, the Holder thereof shall have (a) filed with the Depositary (i) a request for such execution and Delivery before the Depositary has notice that the Receipt has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser and (ii) a sufficient indemnity bond in form and amount acceptable to the Depositary and (b) satisfied any other reasonable requirements imposed by the Depositary.

SECTION 2.9  Cancellation and Destruction of Surrendered Receipts.  All Receipts surrendered to the Depositary shall be cancelled by the Depositary. The Depositary is authorized to destroy Receipts so cancelled in accordance with its customary practices.  Cancelled Receipts shall not be entitled to any benefits under this Deposit Agreement or be valid or obligatory for any purpose.

SECTION 2.10 Maintenance of Records.  The Depositary agrees to maintain records of all Receipts surrendered and Deposited Securities withdrawn under Section 2.6, substitute Receipts Delivered under Section 2.8 and cancelled or destroyed Receipts under Section 2.9, in keeping with the procedures ordinarily followed by stock transfer agents located in the United States.

ARTICLE III.

CERTAIN OBLIGATIONS OF HOLDERS
AND BENEFICIAL OWNERS OF RECEIPTS

SECTION 3.1  Proofs, Certificates and Other Information.  Any person presenting Shares for deposit shall provide, any Holder and any Beneficial Owner may be required to provide and every Holder and Beneficial Owner agrees, from time to time to provide to the Depositary or the Custodian such proof of citizenship or residence, taxpayer status, payment of all applicable taxes or other governmental charges, exchange control approval, legal or beneficial ownership of ADSs and Deposited Securities, compliance with applicable laws and the terms of this Deposit Agreement and the provisions of, or governing, the Deposited Securities or other information, to execute such certifications and to make such representations and warranties and to provide such other information and documentation as the Depositary may deem necessary or proper or as the Company may reasonably require by written request to the Depositary consistent with its obligations hereunder. The Depositary and the Registrar, as applicable, may, withhold the execution or Delivery or registration of transfer of any Receipt or the distribution or sale of any dividend or other distribution of rights or of the proceeds thereof, or to the extent not limited by the terms of Section 7.11 hereof, the Delivery of any Deposited Securities, until such proof or other information is filed or such certifications are executed, or such representations and warranties are made, or such other documentation or information provided, in each case to the Depositary’s and the Company’s satisfaction. The Depositary shall from time to time on the written request of the Company advise the Company of the availability of any such proofs, certificates or other information and shall, at the Company’s sole expense, provide or otherwise make available copies thereof to the Company upon written request therefor by the Company, unless such disclosure is prohibited by law.  Each Holder and Beneficial Owner agrees to provide any information requested by the Company or the Depositary pursuant to this Section 3.1. Nothing herein shall obligate the Depositary to (i) obtain any information for the Company if not provided by the Holders or Beneficial Owners or (ii) verify or vouch for the accuracy of the information so provided by the Holders or Beneficial Owners.
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Every Holder and Beneficial Owner agrees to indemnify the Depositary, the Company, the Custodian, the Agents and each of their respective directors, officers, employees, agents and Affiliates against, and to hold each of them harmless from, any Losses which any of them may incur or which may be made against any of them as a result of or in connection with any inaccuracy in or omission from any such proof, certificate, representation, warranty, information or document furnished by or on behalf of such Holder and/or Beneficial Owner or as a result of any such failure to furnish any of the foregoing.

The obligations of Holders and Beneficial Owners under Section 3.1 shall survive any transfer of Receipts, any surrender of Receipts or withdrawal of Deposited Securities or the termination of the Deposit Agreement.

SECTION 3.2  Liability for Taxes and Other Charges.  If any present or future tax or other governmental charge shall become payable by the Depositary or the Custodian with respect to any ADR or any Deposited Securities or American Depositary Shares, such tax or other governmental charge shall be payable by the applicable Holders and Beneficial Owners to the Depositary and such Holders and Beneficial Owners shall be deemed liable therefor.  The Company, the Custodian and/or the Depositary may withhold or deduct from any distributions made in respect of Deposited Securities and may sell for the account of a Holder and/or Beneficial Owner any or all of the Deposited Securities and apply such distributions and sale proceeds in payment of such taxes (including applicable interest and penalties) and charges, with the Holder and the Beneficial Owner remaining fully liable for any deficiency.  In addition to any other remedies available to it, the Depositary and the Custodian may refuse the deposit of Shares, and the Depositary may refuse to issue ADSs, to Deliver ADRs, to register the transfer, split‑up or combination of ADRs and (subject to Section 7.11 hereof) the withdrawal of Deposited Securities with respect to a Holder or Beneficial Holder liable for any tax, charge, penalty or interest hereunder, until payment in full of such tax, charge, penalty or interest is received. The liability of Holders and Beneficial Owners under this Section 3.2 shall survive any transfer of Receipts, any surrender of Receipts and withdrawal of Deposited Securities or the termination of this Deposit Agreement.
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SECTION 3.3  Representations and Warranties on Deposit of Shares.  Each person depositing Shares under this Deposit Agreement shall be deemed thereby to represent and warrant that (i) such Shares and the certificates therefor are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid, non‑assessable and were legally obtained by such person, (ii) all preemptive (and similar) rights, if any, with respect to such Shares have been validly waived or exercised, (iii) the person making such deposit is duly authorized so to do, (iv) the Shares presented for deposit are free and clear of any lien, encumbrance, security interest, charge, mortgage or adverse claim and are not, and the American Depositary Shares issuable upon such deposit will not be, Restricted Securities, (v) the Shares presented for deposit have not been stripped of any rights or entitlements and (vi) the Shares are not subject to any lock‑up agreement with the Company or other party, or the Shares are subject to a lock-up agreement but such lock-up agreement has terminated or the lock-up restrictions imposed thereunder have expired.  Such representations and warranties shall survive the deposit and withdrawal of Shares, the issuance and cancellation of American Depositary Shares in respect thereof and the transfer of such American Depositary SharesIf any such representations or warranties are false in any way, the Company and the Depositary shall be authorized, at the cost and expense of the person depositing Shares, to take any and all actions necessary to correct the consequences thereof.

SECTION 3.4  Compliance with Information Requests.  Notwithstanding any other provision of the Deposit Agreement, the Articles of Association and applicable law, each Holder and Beneficial Owner agrees to (a) provide such information as the Company or the Depositary may request pursuant to  law (including, without limitation, relevant laws of the Netherlands, any applicable law of the United States, the Articles of Association, any resolutions of the Management Board and Supervisory Board adopted pursuant to the Articles of Association, the requirements of any markets or exchanges upon which the Shares, ADSs or Receipts are listed or traded, or to any requirements of any electronic book‑entry system by which the ADSs or Receipts may be transferred), (b) be bound by and subject to applicable provisions of Dutch law, the Articles of Association and the requirements of any markets or exchanges upon which the ADSs, Receipts or Shares are listed or traded, or pursuant to any requirements of any electronic book‑entry system by which the ADSs, Receipts or Shares may be transferred, to the same extent as if such Holder and Beneficial Owner held Shares directly, in each case irrespective of whether or not they are Holders or Beneficial Owners at the time such request is made and, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, (c) comply with all applicable provisions of Dutch law, the rules and requirements of any stock exchange on which the Shares are, or will be registered, traded or listed and the Articles of Association regarding any such Holder or Beneficial Owner’s interest in Shares (including the aggregate of ADSs and Shares held by each such Holder or Beneficial Owner) and/or the disclosure of interests therein, whether or not the same may be enforceable against such Holder or Beneficial Owner. The Depositary agrees to use its reasonable efforts to forward upon the request of the Company, and at the Company’s expense, any such request from the Company to the Holders and to forward to the Company any such responses to such requests received by the Depositary.
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ARTICLE IV.

THE DEPOSITED SECURITIES

SECTION 4.1  Cash Distributions.  Whenever the Depositary receives confirmation from the Custodian of receipt of any cash dividend or other cash distribution on any Deposited Securities, or receives proceeds from the sale of any Shares, rights, securities or other entitlements under the terms hereof, the Depositary will, if at the time of receipt thereof any amounts received in a Foreign Currency can in the judgment of the Depositary (pursuant to Section 4.6 hereof) be converted on a practicable basis into Dollars transferable to the United States, promptly convert or cause to be converted such cash dividend, distribution or proceeds into Dollars (on the terms described in Section 4.6 hereof) and will distribute promptly the amount thus received (net of (a) the applicable fees and charges of, and expenses incurred by, the Depositary and/or a division or Affiliate(s) of the Depositary and (b) taxes and/or governmental charges) to the Holders of record as of the ADS Record Date in proportion to the number of American Depositary Shares held by such Holders respectively as of the ADS Record Date.  The Depositary shall distribute only such amount, however, as can be distributed without attributing to any Holder a fraction of one cent.  Any such fractional amounts shall be rounded down to the nearest whole cent and so distributed to Holders entitled thereto.  Holders and Beneficial Owners understand that in converting Foreign Currency, amounts received on conversion are calculated at a rate which exceeds the number of decimal places used by the Depositary to report distribution rates.  The excess amount may be retained by the Depositary as an additional cost of conversion, irrespective of any other fees and expenses payable or owing hereunder and shall not be subject to escheatment.  If the Company, the Custodian or the Depositary is required to withhold and does withhold from any cash dividend or other cash distribution in respect of any Deposited Securities an amount on account of taxes, duties or other governmental charges, the amount distributed to Holders of the ADSs representing such Deposited Securities shall be reduced accordingly. Such withheld amounts shall be forwarded by the Company, the Custodian or the Depositary to the relevant governmental authority.  Evidence of payment thereof by the Company shall be forwarded by the Company to the Depositary upon request.  The Depositary shall forward to the Company or its agent such information from its records as the Company may reasonably request to enable the Company or its agent to file with governmental agencies such reports as are necessary to obtain benefits under the applicable tax treaties for the Holders and Beneficial Owners of Receipts.

SECTION 4.2  Distribution in Shares.  If any distribution upon any Deposited Securities consists of a dividend in, or free distribution of, Shares, the Company shall cause such Shares to be deposited with the Custodian and registered, as the case may be, in the name of the Depositary, the Custodian or any of their nominees.  Upon receipt of confirmation of such deposit from the Custodian, the Depositary shall establish the ADS Record Date upon the terms described in Section 4.7 hereof and shall, subject to Section 5.9 hereof, either (i) distribute to the Holders as of the ADS Record Date in proportion to the number of ADSs held as of the ADS Record Date, additional ADSs, which represent in the aggregate the number of Shares received as such dividend, or free distribution, subject to the other terms of this Deposit Agreement (including, without limitation, (a) the applicable fees and charges of, and expenses incurred by, the Depositary and (b) taxes and/or governmental charges), or (ii) if additional ADSs are not so distributed, each ADS issued and outstanding after the ADS Record Date shall, to the extent permissible by law, thenceforth also represent rights and interests in the additional Shares distributed upon the Deposited Securities represented thereby (net of (a) the applicable fees and charges of, and expenses incurred by, the Depositary and (b) taxes and/or governmental charges).  In lieu of Delivering fractional ADSs, the Depositary shall sell the number of Shares represented by the aggregate of such fractions and distribute the proceeds upon the terms described in Section 4.1 hereof. The Depositary may withhold any such distribution of Receipts if it has not received satisfactory assurances from the Company (including an Opinion of Counsel furnished at the expense of the Company) that such distribution does not require registration under the Securities Act or is exempt from registration under the provisions of the Securities Act.  To the extent such distribution may be withheld, the Depositary may dispose of all or a portion of such distribution in such amounts and in such manner, including by public or private sale, as the Depositary deems necessary and practicable, and the Depositary shall distribute the net proceeds of any such sale (after deduction of applicable taxes and/or governmental charges and fees and charges of, and expenses incurred by, the Depositary and/or a division or Affiliate(s) of the Depositary) to Holders entitled thereto upon the terms described in Section 4.1 hereof.
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SECTION 4.3  Elective Distributions in Cash or Shares.  Whenever the Company intends to distribute a dividend payable at the election of the holders of Shares in cash or in additional Shares, the Company shall give notice thereof to the Depositary at least 30 days prior to the proposed distribution stating whether or not it wishes such elective distribution to be made available to Holders of ADSs.  Upon receipt of notice indicating that the Company wishes such elective distribution to be made available to Holders of ADSs, the Depositary shall consult with the Company to determine, and the Company shall assist the Depositary in its determination, whether it is lawful and reasonably practicable to make such elective distribution available to the Holders of ADSs.  The Depositary shall make such elective distribution available to Holders only if (i) the Company shall have timely requested that the elective distribution is available to Holders of ADRs, (ii) the Depositary shall have received satisfactory documentation within the terms of Section 5.7 hereof (including, without limitation, any legal opinions of counsel in any applicable jurisdiction that the Depositary in its reasonable discretion may request, at the expense of the Company) and (iii) the Depositary shall have determined that such distribution is lawful and reasonably practicable.  If the above conditions are not satisfied, the Depositary shall, to the extent permitted by law, distribute to the Holders, on the basis of the same determination as is made in the local market in respect of the Shares for which no election is made, either cash upon the terms described in Section 4.1 hereof or additional ADSs representing such additional Shares upon the terms described in Section 4.2 hereof.  If the above conditions are satisfied, the Depositary shall establish an ADS Record Date (on the terms described in Section 4.7 hereof) and establish procedures to enable Holders to elect the receipt of the proposed dividend in cash or in additional ADSs.  The Company shall assist the Depositary in establishing such procedures to the extent necessary.  Subject to Section 5.9 hereof, if a Holder elects to receive the proposed dividend in cash, the dividend shall be distributed upon the terms described in Section 4.1 hereof or in ADSs, the dividend shall be distributed upon the terms described in Section 4.2 hereof.  Nothing herein shall obligate the Depositary to make available to Holders a method to receive the elective dividend in Shares (rather than ADSs).  There can be no assurance that Holders generally, or any Holder in particular, will be given the opportunity to receive elective distributions on the same terms and conditions as the holders of Shares.
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SECTION 4.4  Distribution of Rights to Purchase Shares.

(a)          Distribution to ADS Holders.  Whenever the Company intends to distribute to the holders of the Deposited Securities rights to subscribe for additional Shares, the Company shall give notice thereof to the Depositary at least 45 days prior to the proposed distribution stating whether or not it wishes such rights to be made available to Holders of ADSs.  Upon timely receipt of a notice indicating that the Company wishes such rights to be made available to Holders of ADSs, the Depositary shall consult with the Company to determine, and the Company shall determine, whether it is lawful and reasonably practicable to make such rights available to the Holders.  The Depositary shall make such rights available to Holders only if (i) the Company shall have timely requested that such rights be made available to Holders, (ii) the Depositary shall have received satisfactory documentation within the terms of Section 5.7 hereof and (iii) the Depositary shall have determined that such distribution of rights is lawful and reasonably practicable.  In the event any of the conditions set forth above are not satisfied, the Depositary shall proceed with the sale of the rights as contemplated in Section 4.4(b) below or, if timing or market conditions may not permit, do nothing thereby allowing such rights to lapse.  In the event all conditions set forth above are satisfied, the Depositary shall establish an ADS Record Date (upon the terms described in Section 4.7 hereof) and establish procedures to distribute such rights (by means of warrants or otherwise) and to enable the Holders to exercise the rights (upon payment of applicable fees and charges of, and expenses incurred by, the Depositary and taxes and/or other governmental charges).  Nothing herein shall obligate the Depositary to make available to the Holders a method to exercise such rights to subscribe for Shares (rather than ADSs).

(b)          Sale of Rights.  If (i) the Company does not timely request the Depositary to make the rights available to Holders or requests that the rights not be made available to Holders, (ii) the Depositary fails to receive satisfactory documentation within the terms of Section 5.7 hereof or determines it is not lawful or reasonably practicable to make the rights available to Holders or (iii) any rights made available are not exercised and appear to be about to lapse, the Depositary shall determine whether it is lawful and reasonably practicable to sell such rights, and if it so determines that it is lawful and reasonably practicable, endeavour to sell such rights in a riskless principal capacity or otherwise, at such place and upon such terms (including public or private sale) as it may deem proper.  The Company shall assist the Depositary to the extent necessary to determine such legality and practicability.  The Depositary shall, upon such sale, convert and distribute proceeds of such sale (net of applicable fees and charges of, and expenses incurred by, the Depositary and/or a division or Affiliate(s) of the Depositary and taxes and/or governmental charges) upon the terms set forth in Section 4.1 hereof.

(c)          Lapse of Rights.  If the Depositary is unable to make any rights available to Holders upon the terms described in Section 4.4(a) hereof or to arrange for the sale of the rights upon the terms described in Section 4.4(b) hereof, the Depositary shall allow such rights to lapse.

The Depositary shall not be responsible for (i) any failure to determine that it may be lawful or practicable to make such rights available to Holders in general or any Holders in particular, (ii) any foreign exchange exposure or loss incurred in connection with such sale or exercise or (iii) the content of any materials forwarded to the Holders on behalf of the Company in connection with the rights distribution.

The Company shall not be responsible to Holders or Beneficial Owners for (i) any failure to determine that it may be lawful or practicable to make such rights available to Holders in general or any Holders in particular or (ii) any foreign exchange exposure or loss incurred in connection with such sale or exercise.
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Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 4.4, if registration (under the Securities Act or any other applicable law) of the rights or the securities to which any rights relate may be required in order for the Company to offer such rights or such securities to Holders and to sell the securities represented by such rights, the Depositary will not distribute such rights to the Holders (i) unless and until a registration statement under the Securities Act covering such offering is in effect or (ii) unless the Company furnishes at its expense the Depositary with opinion(s) of counsel for the Company in the United States and counsel to the Company in any other applicable country in which rights would be distributed, in each case satisfactory to the Depositary, to the effect that the offering and sale of such securities to Holders and Beneficial Owners are exempt from, or do not require registration under, the provisions of the Securities Act or any other applicable laws.  In the event that the Company, the Depositary or the Custodian shall be required to withhold and does withhold from any distribution of property (including rights) an amount on account of taxes, duties and/or other governmental charges, the amount distributed to the Holders shall be reduced accordingly. Such withheld amounts shall be forwarded by the Company, the Custodian or the Depositary to the relevant governmental authority. In the event that the Depositary determines that any distribution in property (including Shares and rights to subscribe therefor) is subject to any tax or other governmental charges which the Depositary is obligated to withhold, the Depositary may dispose of all or a portion of such property (including Shares and rights to subscribe therefor) in such amounts and in such manner, including by public or private sale, as the Depositary deems necessary and practicable to pay any such taxes and/or charges.

There can be no assurance that Holders generally, or any Holder in particular, will be given the opportunity to exercise rights on the same terms and conditions as the holders of Shares or be able to exercise such rights.  Nothing herein shall obligate the Company to file any registration statement in respect of any rights or Shares or other securities to be acquired upon the exercise of such rights or otherwise to register or qualify the offer or sale of such rights or securities under the applicable law of any other jurisdiction for any purpose.

SECTION 4.5  Distributions Other Than Cash, Shares or Rights to Purchase Shares.

(a)          Whenever the Company intends to distribute to the holders of Deposited Securities property other than cash, Shares or rights to purchase additional Shares, the Company shall give notice thereof to the Depositary at least 30 days prior to the proposed distribution and shall indicate whether or not it wishes such distribution to be made to Holders of ADSs.  Upon receipt of a notice indicating that the Company wishes such distribution be made to Holders of ADSs, the Depositary shall determine whether such distribution to Holders is lawful and practicable.  The Depositary shall not make such distribution unless (i) the Company shall have timely requested the Depositary to make such distribution to Holders, (ii) the Depositary shall have received satisfactory documentation within the terms of Section 5.7 hereof and (iii) the Depositary shall have determined that such distribution is lawful and reasonably practicable.

(b)          Upon receipt of satisfactory documentation and the request of the Company to distribute property to Holders of ADSs and after making the requisite determinations set forth in (a) above, the Depositary may distribute the property so received to the Holders of record as of the ADS Record Date, in proportion to the number of ADSs held by such Holders respectively and in such manner as the Depositary may deem practicable for accomplishing such distribution (i) upon receipt of payment or net of the applicable fees and charges of, and expenses incurred by, the Depositary  and (ii) net of any taxes and/or other governmental charges.  The Depositary may dispose of all or a portion of the property so distributed and deposited, in such amounts and in such manner (including public or private sale) as the Depositary may deem practicable or necessary to satisfy any taxes (including applicable interest and penalties) and other governmental charges applicable to the distribution.
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(c)          If (i) the Company does not request the Depositary to make such distribution to Holders or requests the Depositary not to make such distribution to Holders, (ii) the Depositary does not receive satisfactory documentation within the terms of Section 5.7 hereof or (iii) the Depositary determines that all or a portion of such distribution is not reasonably practicable or feasible, the Depositary shall endeavor to sell or cause such property to be sold in a public or private sale, at such place or places and upon such terms as it may deem proper and shall distribute the net proceeds, if any, of such sale received by the Depositary (net of applicable fees and charges of, and expenses incurred by, the Depositary and/or a division or Affiliate(s) of the Depositary and taxes and/or governmental charges) to the Holders as of the ADS Record Date upon the terms of Section 4.1 hereof.  If the Depositary is unable to sell such property, the Depositary may dispose of such property in any way it deems reasonably practicable under the circumstances for nominal or no consideration and Holders and Beneficial Owners shall have no rights thereto or arising therefrom.

SECTION 4.6  Conversion of Foreign Currency.  Whenever the Depositary or the Custodian shall receive Foreign Currency, by way of dividends or other distributions or the net proceeds from the sale of securities, property or rights, and in the judgment of the Depositary such Foreign Currency can at such time be converted on a practicable basis (by sale or in any other manner that it may determine in accordance with applicable law) into Dollars transferable to the United States and distributable to the Holders entitled thereto, the Depositary shall convert or cause to be converted, by sale or in any other manner that it may determine, such Foreign Currency into Dollars, and shall distribute such Dollars (net of any fees, expenses, taxes and/or other governmental charges incurred in the process of such conversion) in accordance with the terms of the applicable sections of this Deposit Agreement.  If the Depositary shall have distributed warrants or other instruments that entitle the holders thereof to such Dollars, the Depositary shall distribute such Dollars to the holders of such warrants and/or instruments upon surrender thereof for cancellation, in either case without liability for interest thereon. Such distribution may be made upon an averaged or other practicable basis without regard to any distinctions among Holders on account of exchange restrictions, the date of delivery of any Receipt or otherwise.

In converting Foreign Currency, amounts received on conversion may be calculated at a rate which exceeds the number of decimal places used by the Depositary to report distribution rates (which in any case will not be less than two decimal places).  Any excess amount may be retained by the Depositary as an additional cost of conversion, irrespective of any other fees and expenses payable or owing hereunder and shall not be subject to escheatment.

If such conversion or distribution can be effected only with the approval or license of any government or agency thereof, the Depositary may file such application for approval or license, if any, as it may deem necessary, practicable and at nominal cost and expense.  Nothing herein shall obligate the Depositary to file or cause to be filed, or to seek effectiveness of any such application or license.
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If at any time the Depositary shall determine that in its judgment the conversion of any Foreign Currency and the transfer and distribution of proceeds of such conversion received by the Depositary is not practical or lawful, or if any approval or license of any governmental authority or agency thereof that is required for such conversion, transfer and distribution is denied, or not obtainable at a reasonable cost, within a reasonable period or otherwise sought, the Depositary shall, in its sole discretion but subject to applicable laws and regulations, either (i) distribute the Foreign Currency (or an appropriate document evidencing the right to receive such Foreign Currency) received by the Depositary to the Holders entitled to receive such Foreign Currency or (ii) hold such Foreign Currency uninvested and without liability for interest thereon for the respective accounts of the Holders entitled to receive the same.

Holders and Beneficial Owners are directed to refer to Section 7.9 hereof for certain disclosure related to conversion of Foreign Currency.

SECTION 4.7  Fixing of Record Date.  Whenever necessary in connection with any distribution (whether in cash, Shares, rights, or other distribution), or whenever for any reason the Depositary causes a change in the number of Shares that are represented by each American Depositary Share, or whenever the Depositary shall receive notice of any meeting of or solicitation of holders of Shares or other Deposited Securities, or whenever the Depositary shall find it necessary or convenient, the Depositary shall fix a record date (the “ADS Record Date”), as close as practicable to the record date fixed by the Company with respect to the Shares (if applicable), for the determination of the Holders who shall be entitled to receive such distribution, to give instructions for the exercise of voting rights at any such meeting, to give or withhold such consent, to receive such notice or solicitation or to otherwise take action or to exercise the rights of Holders with respect to such changed number of Shares represented by each American Depositary Share or for any other reason.  Subject to applicable law and the provisions of Sections 4.1 through 4.6 hereof and to the other terms and conditions of this Deposit Agreement, only the Holders of record at the close of business in New York on such ADS Record Date shall be entitled to receive such distribution, to give such voting instructions, to receive such notice or solicitation, or otherwise take action.

SECTION 4.8  Voting of Deposited Securities.  Subject to the next sentence, as soon as practicable after receipt of notice of any meeting at which the holders of Deposited Securities are entitled to vote, or of solicitation of consents or proxies from holders of Deposited Securities, the Depositary shall fix the ADS Record Date in respect of such meeting or such solicitation of consents or proxies. The Depositary shall, if requested by the Company in writing in a timely manner (the Depositary having no obligation to take any further action if the request shall not have been received by the Depositary at least 42 days prior to the date of such vote or meeting) and at the Company’s expense, and provided no U.S. legal prohibitions exist, mail by regular, ordinary mail delivery (or by electronic mail or as otherwise may be agreed between the Company and the Depositary in writing from time to time) or otherwise distribute as soon as practicable after receipt thereof to Holders as of the ADS Record Date: (a) such notice of meeting or solicitation of consent or proxy; (b) a statement that the Holders as of the close of business on the ADS Record Date will be entitled, subject to any applicable law, the provisions of this Deposit Agreement, the Articles of Association and the provisions of or governing the Deposited Securities (which provisions, if any, shall be summarized in pertinent part by the Company), to instruct the Depositary as to the exercise of the voting rights, if any, pertaining to the Deposited Securities represented by such Holder’s American Depositary Shares; and (c) a brief statement as to the manner in which such voting instructions may be given to the Depositary, or in which instructions may be deemed to have been given in accordance with this Section 4.8, including, solely to the extent the Depositary has been provided with at least 42 days’ notice of the proposed meeting or vote, an express indication that instructions may be given (or be deemed to have been given in accordance with the immediately following paragraph of this section if no instruction is received) to the Depositary to give a discretionary proxy to a person or persons designated by the Company. Voting instructions may be given by a Holder as of the close of business on the ADS Record Date as to the exercise of the voting rights, if any, pertaining to the Deposited Securities represented by such Holder’s American Depositary Shares. Upon the timely receipt of voting instructions of a Holder on the ADS Record Date in the manner specified by the Depositary, the Depositary shall endeavor, insofar as practicable and permitted under applicable law, the provisions of this Deposit Agreement, the Articles of Association and the provisions of or governing the Deposited Securities, to vote or cause the Custodian to vote the Deposited Securities (in person or by proxy) represented by American Depositary Shares evidenced by such Receipt in accordance with such voting instructions; provided that the Depositary may aggregate Holders’ voting instructions in respect of any particular matter and (i) will vote or cause the Custodian to vote Deposited Securities (in person or by proxy) in accordance with voting instructions timely received from all Holders of American Depositary Shares as of the ADS Record Date to the extent that such voting instructions, in aggregate, are with respect to a number of American Depositary Shares representing an integral number of Deposited Securities and (ii) only to the extent that such voting instructions, in aggregate, are with respect to a number of American Depositary Shares which do not represent an integral number of Deposited Securities, will disregard such voting instructions.
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In the event that (i) the Depositary timely receives voting instructions from a Holder which fail to specify the manner in which the Depositary is to vote the Deposited Securities represented by such Holder’s ADSs or (ii) no timely instructions are received by the Depositary from a Holder with respect to any of the Deposited Securities represented by the ADSs held by such Holder on the ADS Record Date, solely to the extent the Depositary has been provided with at least 42 days’ notice of the proposed meeting or vote, the Depositary shall (unless otherwise specified in the notice distributed to Holders) deem such Holder to have instructed the Depositary to give a discretionary proxy to a person designated by the Company with respect to such Deposited Securities and the Depositary shall give a discretionary proxy to a person designated by the Company to vote such Deposited Securities, provided, however, that no such instruction shall be deemed to have been given and no such discretionary proxy shall be given with respect to any matter as to which the Company informs the Depositary (and the Company agrees to provide such information as promptly as practicable in writing, if applicable) that (x) the Company does not wish to give such proxy, (y) the Company is aware or should reasonably be aware that substantial opposition exists from Holders against the outcome for which the person designated by the Company would otherwise vote or (z) the outcome for which the person designated by the Company would otherwise vote would materially and adversely affect the rights of holders of Deposited Securities, provided, further, that the Company will have no liability to any Holder or Beneficial Owner resulting from such notification.

In the event that voting on any resolution or matter is conducted on a show of hands basis in accordance with the Articles of Association, the Depositary will refrain from voting and the voting instructions (or the deemed voting instructions, as set out above) received by the Depositary from Holders shall lapse.  The Depositary will have no obligation to demand voting on a poll basis with respect to any resolution and shall have no liability to any Holder or Beneficial Owner for not having demanded voting on a poll basis.

Neither the Depositary nor the Custodian shall, under any circumstances exercise any discretion as to voting, and neither the Depositary nor the Custodian shall vote, attempt to exercise the right to vote, or in any way make use of for purposes of establishing a quorum or otherwise, the Deposited Securities represented by ADSs except pursuant to and in accordance with such written instructions from Holders, including the deemed instruction to the Depositary to give a discretionary proxy to a person designated by the Company. Deposited Securities represented by ADSs for which (i) no timely voting instructions are received by the Depositary from the Holder, or (ii) timely voting instructions are received by the Depositary from the Holder but such voting instructions fail to specify the manner in which the Depositary is to vote the Deposited Securities represented by such Holder’s ADSs, shall be voted in the manner provided in this Section 4.8. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, and subject to applicable law, regulation and the Articles of Association, the Depositary shall, if so requested in writing by the Company, represent all Deposited Securities (whether or not voting instructions have been received in respect of such Deposited Securities from Holders as of the ADS Record Date) for the purpose of establishing a quorum at a meeting of shareholders.
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There can be no assurance that Holders or Beneficial Owners generally or any Holder or Beneficial Owner in particular will receive the notice described above with sufficient time to enable the Holder to return voting instructions to the Depositary in a timely manner.

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, save for applicable provisions of the law of the Netherlands, and in accordance with the terms of Section 5.3 hereof, the Depositary shall not be liable for any failure to carry out any instructions to vote any of the Deposited Securities or the manner in which such vote is cast or the effect of such vote.

SECTION 4.9  Changes Affecting Deposited Securities.  Upon any change in par value, split‑up, subdivision, cancellation, consolidation or any other reclassification of Deposited Securities or upon any recapitalization, reorganization, amalgamation, merger or consolidation or sale of assets affecting the Company or to which it is otherwise a party, any securities which shall be received by the Depositary or the Custodian in exchange for, or in conversion of or replacement or otherwise in respect of, such Deposited Securities shall, to the extent permitted by law, be treated as new Deposited Securities under this Deposit Agreement and the Receipts shall, subject to the provisions of this Deposit Agreement and applicable law, evidence American Depositary Shares representing the right to receive such additional securities.  Alternatively, the Depositary may, with the Company’s approval, and shall, if the Company shall so request, subject to the terms of this Deposit Agreement and receipt of an Opinion of Counsel furnished at the Company’s expense satisfactory to the Depositary (stating that such distributions are not in violation of any applicable laws or regulations), execute and deliver additional Receipts, as in the case of a stock dividend on the Shares, or call for the surrender of outstanding Receipts to be exchanged for new Receipts. In either case, as well as in the event of newly deposited Shares, necessary modifications to the form of Receipt contained in Exhibit A and Exhibit B hereto, specifically describing such new Deposited Securities and/or corporate change, shall also be made. The Company agrees that it will, jointly with the Depositary, amend the Registration Statement on Form F‑6 as filed with the Commission to permit the issuance of such new form of Receipt. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that any security so received may not be lawfully distributed to some or all Holders, the Depositary may, with the Company’s approval, and shall, if the Company requests, subject to receipt of an Opinion of Counsel (furnished at the Company’s expense) satisfactory to the Depositary that such action is not in violation of any applicable laws or regulations, sell such securities at public or private sale, at such place or places and upon such terms as it may deem proper and may allocate the net proceeds of such sales (net of fees and charges of, and expenses incurred by, the Depositary and/or a division or Affiliate(s) of the Depositary and taxes and/or governmental charges) for the account of the Holders otherwise entitled to such securities upon an averaged or other practicable basis without regard to any distinctions among such Holders and distribute the net proceeds so allocated to the extent practicable as in the case of a distribution received in cash pursuant to Section 4.1 hereof. The Depositary shall not be responsible for (i) any failure to determine that it may be lawful or feasible to make such securities available to Holders in general or to any Holder in particular, (ii) any foreign exchange exposure or loss incurred in connection with such sale or (iii) any liability to the purchaser of such securities.
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SECTION 4.10  Available Information.  As of the date of this Deposit Agreement, the Company publishes information in English required to maintain the exemption from registration under Rule 12g3-2(b) under the Exchange Act on its website (https://www.justeattakeaway.com) or through an electronic information delivery system generally available to the public in its primary trading market. The Company represents that as of the date of this Deposit Agreement, the statements in this Section 4.10 and in Article (12) of the Receipts with respect to the exemption from registration under Rule 12g3-2(b) under the Exchange Act are true and correct and agrees to promptly notify the Depositary in the event of any change in the truth of any such statements. The Depositary does not assume any duty to determine if the Company is complying with the current requirements of Rule 12g3-2(b) under the Exchange Act or to take any action if the Company is not complying with those requirements.

Should the Company become subject to the periodic reporting or other informational requirements of the Exchange Act, it will be required in accordance therewith to file reports and other documents with the Commission. These reports and documents can be inspected and copied at the Commission’s website at www.sec.gov.

SECTION 4.11  Reports.  The Depositary shall make available during normal business hours on any Business Day for inspection by Holders at its Corporate Trust Office any reports and communications, including any proxy soliciting materials, received from the Company which are both received by the Depositary, the Custodian, or the nominee of either of them as the holder of the Deposited Securities and made generally available to the holders of such Deposited Securities by the Company.  The Company agrees to provide to the Depositary, at the Company’s expense, all such documents that it provides to the Custodian.  Unless otherwise agreed in writing by the Company and the Depositary, the Depositary shall, at the expense of the Company and in accordance with Section 5.6 hereof, also mail to Holders by regular, ordinary mail delivery or by electronic transmission (if agreed by the Company and the Depositary) copies of notices and reports when furnished by the Company pursuant to Section 5.6 hereof.

SECTION 4.12  List of Holders.  Promptly upon written request by the Company, the Depositary shall, at the expense of the Company, furnish to it a list, as of a recent date, of the names, addresses and holdings of American Depositary Shares by all persons in whose names Receipts are registered on the books of the Depositary.
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SECTION 4.13  Taxation; Withholding.  The Depositary will, and will instruct the Custodian to, forward to the Company or its agents such information from its records as the Company may request to enable the Company or its agents to file necessary tax reports with governmental authorities or agencies. The Depositary, the Custodian or the Company and its agents may, but shall not be obligated to, file such reports as are necessary to reduce or eliminate applicable taxes on dividends and on other distributions in respect of Deposited Securities under applicable tax treaties or laws for the Holders and Beneficial Owners. Holders and Beneficial Owners of American Depositary Shares may be required from time to time, and in a timely manner to provide and/or file such proof of taxpayer status, residence and beneficial ownership (as applicable), to execute such certificates and to make such representations and warranties, or to provide any other information or documents, as the Depositary or the Custodian may deem necessary or proper to fulfill the Depositary’s or the Custodian’s obligations under applicable law.  The Holders and Beneficial Owners shall indemnify the Depositary, the Company, the Custodian, the Agents and their respective directors, officers, employees, agents and Affiliates against, and hold each of them harmless from, any claims by any governmental authority with respect to taxes, additions to tax, penalties or interest arising out of any refund of taxes, reduced rate of withholding at source or other tax benefit obtained by the Beneficial Owner or Holder or out of or in connection with any inaccuracy in or omission from any such proof, certificate, representation, warranty, information or document furnished by or on behalf of such Holder or Beneficial Owner. The obligations of Holders and Beneficial Owners under this Section 4.13 shall survive any transfer of Receipts, any surrender of Receipts and withdrawal of Deposited Securities or the termination of this Deposit Agreement.

The Company shall remit to the appropriate governmental authority or agency any amounts required to be withheld by the Company and owing to such governmental authority or agency.  Upon any such withholding, the Company shall remit to the Depositary information, in a form reasonably satisfactory to the Depositary, about such taxes and/or governmental charges withheld or paid, and, if so requested, the tax receipt (or other proof of payment to the applicable governmental authority) therefor.  The Depositary shall, to the extent required by U.S. law, report to Holders (i) any taxes withheld by it; (ii) any taxes withheld by the Custodian, subject to information being provided to the Depositary by the Custodian and (iii) any taxes withheld by the Company, subject to information being provided to the Depositary by the Company. The Depositary and the Custodian shall not be required to provide the Holders with any evidence of the remittance by the Company (or its agents) of any taxes withheld, or of the payment of taxes by the Company, except to the extent the evidence is provided by the Company to the Depositary.  None of the Depositary, the Custodian or the Company shall be liable for the failure by any Holder or Beneficial Owner to obtain the benefits of credits on the basis of non‑U.S. tax paid against such Holder’s or Beneficial Owner’s income tax liability.

In the event that the Depositary determines that any distribution in property (including Shares and rights to subscribe therefor) is subject to any tax or other governmental charge which the Depositary is obligated to withhold, the Depositary shall withhold the amount required to be withheld and may by public or private sale dispose of all or a portion of such property (including Shares and rights to subscribe therefor) in such amounts and in such manner as the Depositary deems necessary and practicable to pay such taxes and/or charges and the Depositary shall distribute the net proceeds of any such sale after deduction of such taxes and/or charges to the Holders entitled thereto in proportion to the number of American Depositary Shares held by them respectively.
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The Depositary is under no obligation to provide the Holders and Beneficial Owners with any information about the tax status of the Company.  The Depositary shall not incur any liability for any tax consequences that may be incurred by Holders and Beneficial Owners on account of their ownership of the American Depositary Shares, including without limitation, tax consequences resulting from the Company (or any of its subsidiaries) being treated as a “Passive Foreign Investment Company” (as defined in the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended and the regulations issued thereunder) or otherwise.

ARTICLE V.

THE DEPOSITARY, THE CUSTODIAN AND THE COMPANY

SECTION 5.1  Maintenance of Office and Transfer Books by the Registrar.  Until termination of this Deposit Agreement in accordance with its terms, the Depositary or if a Registrar for the Receipts shall have been appointed, the Registrar shall maintain in the Borough of Manhattan, the City of New York, an office and facilities for the execution and delivery, registration, registration of transfers, combination and split‑up of Receipts, the surrender of Receipts and the Delivery and withdrawal of Deposited Securities in accordance with the provisions of this Deposit Agreement.

The Depositary or the Registrar as applicable, shall keep books for the registration of Receipts and transfers of Receipts which at all reasonable times shall be open for inspection by the Company and by the Holders of such Receipts, provided that such inspection shall not be, to the Depositary’s or the Registrar’s knowledge, for the purpose of communicating with Holders of such Receipts in the interest of a business or object other than the business of the Company or other than a matter related to this Deposit Agreement or the Receipts.

The Depositary or the Registrar, as applicable, may close the transfer books with respect to the Receipts, at any time and from time to time, when deemed necessary or advisable by it in connection with the performance of its duties hereunder, or at the reasonable written request of the Company.

If any Receipts or the American Depositary Shares evidenced thereby are listed on one or more stock exchanges or automated quotation systems in the United States, the Depositary shall act as Registrar or appoint a Registrar or one or more co‑registrars for registration of Receipts and transfers, combinations and split‑ups, and to countersign such Receipts in accordance with any requirements of such exchanges or systems. Such Registrar or co‑registrars may be removed and a substitute or substitutes appointed by the Depositary.

If any Receipts or the American Depositary Shares evidenced thereby are listed on one or more securities exchanges, markets or automated quotation systems, (i) the Depositary shall be entitled to, and shall, take or refrain from taking such action(s) as it may deem necessary or appropriate to comply with the requirements of such securities exchange(s), market(s) or automated quotation system(s) applicable to it, notwithstanding any other provision of this Deposit Agreement; and (ii) upon the reasonable request of the Depositary, the Company shall provide the Depositary such information and assistance as may be reasonably necessary for the Depositary to comply with such requirements, to the extent that the Company may lawfully do so.
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Each Registrar and co-registrar appointed under this Section 5.1 shall give notice in writing to the Depositary accepting such appointment and agreeing to be bound by the applicable terms of the Deposit Agreement.

SECTION 5.2  Exoneration.  None of the Depositary, the Custodian or the Company shall be obligated to do or perform any act which is inconsistent with the provisions of this Deposit Agreement or shall incur any liability to Holders, Beneficial Owners or any third parties (i) if the Depositary, the Custodian or the Company or their respective controlling persons or agents (including without limitation, the Agents) shall be prevented or forbidden from, or delayed in, doing or performing any act or thing required by the terms of this Deposit Agreement, by reason of any provision of any present or future law or regulation of the United States or any state thereof, the Netherlands or any other country, or of any other governmental authority or regulatory authority or stock exchange, or on account of the possible criminal or civil penalties or restraint, or by reason of any provision, present or future, of the Articles of Association or any provision of or governing any Deposited Securities, or by reason of any act of God or war or other circumstances beyond its control (including, without limitation, nationalization, expropriation, currency restrictions, work stoppage, strikes, civil unrest, revolutions, rebellions, explosions, epidemics, pandemics and computer failure), (ii) by reason of any exercise of, or failure to exercise, any discretion provided for in this Deposit Agreement or in the Articles of Association or provisions of or governing Deposited Securities, (iii) for any action or inaction of the Depositary, the Custodian or the Company or their respective controlling persons or agents (including without limitation, the Agents) in reliance upon the advice of or information from legal counsel, accountants, any person presenting Shares for deposit, any Holder, any Beneficial Owner or authorized representative thereof, or any other person believed by it in good faith to be competent to give such advice or information, (iv) for the inability by a Holder or Beneficial Owner to benefit from any distribution, offering, right or other benefit which is made available to holders of Deposited Securities but is not, under the terms of this Deposit Agreement, made available to Holders of American Depositary Shares or (v) for any special, consequential, indirect or punitive damages for any breach of the terms of this Deposit Agreement or otherwise.

The Depositary, its controlling persons, its agents (including without limitation, the Agents), the Custodian and the Company, its controlling persons and its agents may rely and shall be protected in acting upon any written notice, request, opinion or other document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties.

No disclaimer of liability under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act is intended by any provision of this Deposit Agreement.

SECTION 5.3  Standard of Care.  The Company and the Depositary and their respective directors, officers, Affiliates, employees and agents (including without limitation, the Agents) assume no obligation and shall not be subject to any liability under this Deposit Agreement or any Receipts to any Holder(s) or Beneficial Owner(s) or other persons, except in accordance with Section 5.8 hereof, provided, that the Company and the Depositary and their respective directors, officers, Affiliates, employees and agents (including without limitation, the Agents) agree to perform their respective obligations specifically set forth in this Deposit Agreement or the applicable ADRs without gross negligence or willful misconduct.
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Without limitation of the foregoing, neither the Depositary, nor the Company, nor any of their respective controlling persons, directors, officers, affiliates, employees or agents (including without limitation, the Agents), shall be under any obligation to appear in, prosecute or defend any action, suit or other proceeding in respect of any Deposited Securities or in respect of the Receipts, which in its opinion may involve it in expense or liability, unless indemnity satisfactory to it against all expenses (including fees and disbursements of counsel) and liabilities be furnished as often as may be required (and no Custodian shall be under any obligation whatsoever with respect to such proceedings, the responsibility of the Custodian being solely to the Depositary).

The Depositary and its directors, officers, affiliates, employees and agents (including without limitation, the Agents) shall not be liable for any failure to carry out any instructions to vote any of the Deposited Securities, or for the manner in which any vote is cast or the effects of any vote.  The Depositary shall not incur any liability for any failure to determine that any distribution or action may be lawful or reasonably practicable, for the content of any information submitted to it by the Company for distribution to the Holders or for any inaccuracy of any translation thereof, for any investment risk associated with acquiring an interest in the Deposited Securities, for the validity or worth of the Deposited Securities or for any tax consequences that may result from the ownership of ADSs, Shares or Deposited Securities, for the credit‑worthiness of any third party, for allowing any rights to lapse upon the terms of this Deposit Agreement or for the failure or timeliness of any notice from the Company, or for any action or nonaction by it in reliance upon the opinion, advice of or information from legal counsel, accountants, any person presenting Shares for deposit, any Holder or any other person believed by it in good faith to be competent to give such advice or information.  The Depositary and its agents (including without limitation, the Agents) shall not be liable for any acts or omissions made by a successor depositary whether in connection with a previous act or omission of the Depositary or in connection with any matter arising wholly after the removal or resignation of the Depositary, provided that in connection with the issue out of which such potential liability arises the Depositary performed its obligations without gross negligence or willful misconduct while it acted as Depositary.

SECTION 5.4  Resignation and Removal of the Depositary; Appointment of Successor Depositary.  The Depositary may at any time resign as Depositary hereunder by written notice of resignation delivered to the Company, such resignation to be effective on the earlier of (i) the 90th day after delivery thereof to the Company (whereupon the Depositary shall, in the event no successor depositary has been appointed by the Company, be entitled to take the actions contemplated in Section 6.2 hereof) and (ii) the appointment by the Company of a successor depositary and its acceptance of such appointment as hereinafter provided, save that, any amounts, fees, costs or expenses owed to the Depositary hereunder or in accordance with any other agreements otherwise agreed in writing between the Company and the Depositary from time to time shall be paid to the Depositary prior to such resignation.

The Company shall use reasonable efforts to appoint such successor depositary, and give notice to the Depositary of such appointment, not more than 90 days after delivery by the Depositary of written notice of resignation as provided in this Section 5.4.  In the event that notice of the appointment of a successor depositary is not provided by the Company in accordance with the preceding sentence, the Depositary shall be entitled to take the actions contemplated in Section 6.2 hereof.

The Depositary may at any time be removed by the Company by written notice of such removal, which removal shall be effective on the later of (i) the 90th day after delivery thereof to the Depositary (whereupon the Depositary shall be entitled to take the actions contemplated in Section 6.2 hereof if a successor depositary has not been appointed), and (ii)  the appointment by the Company of a successor depositary and its acceptance of such appointment as hereinafter provided, save that, any amounts, fees, costs or expenses owed to the Depositary hereunder or in accordance with any other agreements otherwise agreed in writing between the Company and the Depositary from time to time shall be paid to the Depositary prior to such removal.
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In case at any time the Depositary acting hereunder shall resign or be removed, the Company shall use its best efforts to appoint a successor depositary, which shall be a bank or trust company having an office in the Borough of Manhattan, the City of New York.  Every successor depositary shall be required by the Company to execute and deliver to its predecessor and to the Company an instrument in writing accepting its appointment hereunder, and thereupon such successor depositary, without any further act or deed (except as required by applicable law), shall become fully vested with all the rights, powers, duties and obligations of its predecessor.  The predecessor depositary, upon payment of all sums due to it and on the written request of the Company, shall (i) execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such successor all rights and powers of such predecessor hereunder (other than as contemplated in Sections 5.8 and 5.9 hereof), (ii) duly assign, transfer and deliver all right, title and interest to the Deposited Securities to such successor, and (iii) deliver to such successor a list of the Holders of all outstanding Receipts and such other information relating to Receipts and Holders thereof as the successor may reasonably request. Any such successor depositary shall promptly mail notice of its appointment to such Holders.

Any corporation into or with which the Depositary may be merged or consolidated shall be the successor of the Depositary without the execution or filing of any document or any further act and, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Deposit Agreement, the Depositary may assign or otherwise transfer all or any of its rights and benefits under this Deposit Agreement (including any cause of action arising in connection with it) to Deutsche Bank AG or any branch thereof or any entity which is a direct or indirect subsidiary or other affiliate of Deutsche Bank AG.

SECTION 5.5  The Custodian.  The Custodian or its successors in acting hereunder shall be subject at all times and in all respects to the direction of the Depositary for the Deposited Securities for which the Custodian acts as custodian and shall be responsible solely to it.  If any Custodian resigns or is discharged from its duties hereunder with respect to any Deposited Securities and no other Custodian has previously been appointed hereunder, the Depositary shall promptly appoint a substitute custodian.  The Depositary shall require such resigning or discharged Custodian to deliver the Deposited Securities held by it, together with all such records maintained by it as Custodian with respect to such Deposited Securities as the Depositary may request, to the Custodian designated by the Depositary.  Whenever the Depositary determines, in its discretion, that it is appropriate to do so, it may appoint an additional entity to act as Custodian with respect to any Deposited Securities, or discharge the Custodian with respect to any Deposited Securities and appoint a substitute custodian, which shall thereafter be Custodian hereunder with respect to the Deposited Securities.  After any such change, the Depositary shall give notice thereof in writing to all Holders.

Upon the appointment of any successor depositary, any Custodian then acting hereunder shall, unless otherwise instructed by the Depositary, continue to be the Custodian of the Deposited Securities without any further act or writing and shall be subject to the direction of the successor depositary. The successor depositary so appointed shall, nevertheless, on the written request of any Custodian, execute and deliver to such Custodian all such instruments as may be proper to give to such Custodian full and complete power and authority to act on the direction of such successor depositary.
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SECTION 5.6  Notices and Reports.  On or before the first date on which the Company gives notice, by publication or otherwise, of any meeting of holders of Shares or other Deposited Securities, or of any adjourned meeting of such holders, or of the taking of any action by such holders other than at a meeting, or of the taking of any action in respect of any cash or other distributions or the offering of any rights in respect of Deposited Securities, the Company shall transmit to the Depositary and the Custodian a copy of the notice thereof in English but otherwise in the form given or to be given to holders of Shares or other Deposited Securities. The Company shall also furnish to the Custodian and the Depositary a summary, in English, of any applicable provisions or proposed provisions of the Articles of Association that may be relevant or pertain to such notice of meeting or be the subject of a vote thereat.

The Company will also transmit to the Depositary (a) English language versions of the other notices, reports and communications which are made generally available by the Company to holders of its Shares or other Deposited Securities and (b) English language versions of the Company’s annual and other reports prepared in accordance with the applicable requirements of the Commission, and the Depositary shall arrange, at the request of the Company, for either (x) the mailing of copies of such notices, reports and other communications to all Holders or distribution by any other means as agreed between the Company and the Depositary (in each case, at the Company’s expense) or (y) the making of such notices, reports and other communications available for inspection by all Holders; provided, that, the Depositary shall have received evidence sufficiently satisfactory to it, including in the form of an Opinion of Counsel regarding U.S. law or of any other applicable jurisdiction, furnished at the expense of the Company, as the Depositary reasonably requests, that the distribution of such notices, reports and any such other communications to Holders from time to time is valid and does not or will not infringe any local, U.S. or other applicable jurisdiction regulatory restrictions or requirements if so distributed or made available to Holders.  The Company will timely provide the Depositary with the quantity of such notices, reports, and communications, as requested by the Depositary from time to time, in order for the Depositary to effect such mailings. The Company has delivered to the Depositary and the Custodian a copy of the Articles of Association along with the provisions of or governing the Shares and any other Deposited Securities issued by the Company or any Affiliate of the Company, in connection with the Shares, in each case, to the extent not in English, along with a certified English translation thereof, and promptly upon any amendment thereto or change therein, the Company shall deliver to the Depositary and the Custodian a copy of such amendment thereto or change therein, to the extent not in English, along with a certified English translation thereof. The Depositary may rely upon such copy for all purposes of this Deposit Agreement.

The Depositary will make available, at the request of the Company and at the Company’s expense, a copy of any such notices, reports or communications issued by the Company and delivered to the Depositary for inspection by the Holders of the Receipts evidencing the American Depositary Shares representing such Shares governed by such provisions at the Depositary’s Corporate Trust Office, at the office of the Custodian and at any other designated transfer office.
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SECTION 5.7  Issuance of Additional Shares, ADSs etc.  The Company agrees that in the event it or any of its Affiliates proposes (i) an issuance, sale or distribution of additional Shares, (ii) an offering of rights to subscribe for Shares or other Deposited Securities, (iii) an issuance of securities convertible into or exchangeable for Shares, (iv) an issuance of rights to subscribe for securities convertible into or exchangeable for Shares, (v) an elective dividend of cash or Shares, (vi) a redemption of Deposited Securities, (vii) a meeting of holders of Deposited Securities, or solicitation of consents or proxies, relating to any reclassification of securities, merger, subdivision, amalgamation or consolidation or transfer of assets, (viii) any reclassification, recapitalization, reorganization, merger, amalgamation, consolidation or sale of assets which affects the Deposited Securities or (ix) a distribution of property other than cash, Shares or rights to purchase additional Shares it will obtain U.S. legal advice and take all steps necessary to ensure that the application of the proposed transaction to Holders and Beneficial Owners does not violate the registration provisions of the Securities Act, or any other applicable laws (including, without limitation, the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, the Exchange Act or the securities laws of the states of the United States).  In support of the foregoing, the Company will furnish to the Depositary at its request, at the Company’s expense, (a) a written opinion of U.S. counsel (satisfactory to the Depositary) stating whether or not application of such transaction to Holders and Beneficial Owners (1) requires a registration statement under the Securities Act to be in effect or (2) is exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act and/or (3) dealing with such other issues requested by the Depositary; (b) a written opinion of Dutch counsel (satisfactory to the Depositary) stating that (1) making the transaction available to Holders and Beneficial Owners does not violate the laws or regulations of the Netherlands and (2) all requisite regulatory and corporate consents and approvals have been obtained in the Netherlands and (c) as the Depositary may request, a written Opinion of Counsel in any other jurisdiction in which Holders or Beneficial Owners reside to the effect that making the transaction available to such Holders or Beneficial Owners does not violate the laws or regulations of such jurisdiction, as well as certificates of the Company as to such matters as the Depositary may deem necessary or appropriate in the circumstances.  If the filing of a registration statement is required, the Depositary shall not have any obligation to proceed with the transaction unless it shall have received evidence reasonably satisfactory to it that such registration statement has been declared effective and that such distribution is in accordance with all applicable laws or regulations.  If, being advised by counsel, the Company determines that a transaction is required to be registered under the Securities Act, the Company will either (i) register such transaction to the extent necessary, (ii) alter the terms of the transaction to avoid the registration requirements of the Securities Act or (iii) direct the Depositary to take specific measures, in each case as contemplated in this Deposit Agreement, to prevent such transaction from violating the registration requirements of the Securities Act.

The Company agrees with the Depositary that neither the Company nor any of its Affiliates will at any time (i) deposit any Shares or other Deposited Securities, either upon original issuance or upon a sale of Shares or other Deposited Securities previously issued and reacquired by the Company or by any such Affiliate, or (ii) issue additional Shares, rights to subscribe for such Shares, securities convertible into or exchangeable for Shares or rights to subscribe for such securities, unless such transaction and the securities issuable in such transaction are exempt from registration under the Securities Act or have been registered under the Securities Act (and such registration statement has been declared effective).
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Notwithstanding anything else contained in this Deposit Agreement, nothing in this Deposit Agreement shall be deemed to obligate the Company to file any registration statement in respect of any proposed transaction.

SECTION 5.8  Indemnification.  The Company agrees to indemnify the Depositary, any Custodian and each of their respective directors, officers, employees, agents (including without limitation, the Agents) and Affiliates against, and hold each of them harmless from, any losses, liabilities, taxes, costs, claims, judgments, proceedings, actions, demands and any charges or expenses of any kind whatsoever (including, but not limited to, reasonable fees and expenses of counsel together with, in each case, value added tax and any similar tax charged or otherwise imposed in respect thereof) (collectively referred to as “Losses”) which the Depositary or any agent (including without limitation, the Agents) thereof may incur or which may be made against it as a result of or in connection with its appointment or the exercise of its powers and duties under this Deposit Agreement or that may arise (a) out of or in connection with any offer, issuance, sale, resale, transfer, deposit or withdrawal of Receipts, American Depositary Shares, the Shares, or other Deposited Securities, as the case may be, (b) out of or in connection with any offering documents in respect thereof or (c) out of or in connection with acts performed or omitted, including, but not limited to, any delivery by the Depositary on behalf of the Company of information regarding the Company in connection with this Deposit Agreement, the Receipts, the American Depositary Shares, the Shares, or any Deposited Securities, in any such case (i) by the Depositary, the Custodian or any of their respective directors, officers, employees, agents (including without limitation, the Agents) and Affiliates, except to the extent any such Losses arise out of the gross negligence or wilful misconduct of any of them, or (ii) by the Company or any of its directors, officers, employees, agents and Affiliates.

The Depositary agrees to indemnify the Company and hold it harmless from any Losses which may arise out of acts performed or omitted to be performed by the Depositary arising out of its gross negligence or wilful misconduct.  Notwithstanding the above, in no event shall the Depositary or any of its directors, officers, employees, agents (including without limitation, the Agents) and/or Affiliates be liable for any special, consequential, indirect or punitive damages to the Company, Holders, Beneficial Owners or any other person.

Any person seeking indemnification hereunder (an “Indemnified Person”) shall notify the person from whom it is seeking indemnification (the “Indemnifying Person”) of the commencement of any indemnifiable action or claim promptly after such Indemnified Person becomes aware of such commencement (provided that the failure to make such notification shall not affect such Indemnified Person’s rights to indemnification except to the extent the Indemnifying Person is materially prejudiced by such failure) and shall consult in good faith with the Indemnifying Person as to the conduct of the defense of such action or claim that may give rise to an indemnity hereunder, which defense shall be reasonable under the circumstances. No Indemnified Person shall compromise or settle any action or claim that may give rise to an indemnity hereunder without the consent of the Indemnifying Person, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld.

The obligations set forth in this Section shall survive the termination of this Deposit Agreement and the succession or substitution of any party hereto.

SECTION 5.9  Fees and Charges of Depositary.  The Company, the Holders, the Beneficial Owners, and persons depositing Shares or surrendering ADSs for cancellation and withdrawal of Deposited Securities shall be required to pay to the Depositary the Depositary’s fees and related charges identified as payable by them respectively as provided for under Article (9) of the Receipt.  All fees and charges so payable may, at any time and from time to time, be changed by agreement between the Depositary and the Company, but, in the case of fees and charges payable by Holders and Beneficial Owners, only in the manner contemplated in Section 6.1 hereof.  The Depositary shall provide, without charge, a copy of its latest fee schedule to anyone upon request.
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The Depositary and the Company may reach separate agreement in relation to the payment of any additional remuneration to the Depositary in respect of any exceptional duties which the Depositary finds necessary or desirable and agreed by both parties in the performance of its obligations hereunder and in respect of the actual costs and expenses of the Depositary in respect of any notices required to be given to the Holders in accordance with Article (20) of the Receipt.

In connection with any payment by the Company to the Depositary:


(i)
all fees, taxes, duties, charges, costs and expenses which are payable by the Company shall be paid or be procured to be paid by the Company (and any such amounts which are paid by the Depositary shall be reimbursed to the Depositary by the Company upon demand therefor);


(ii)
such payment shall be subject to all necessary applicable exchange control and other consents and approvals having been obtained. The Company undertakes to use its reasonable endeavours to obtain all necessary approvals that are required to be obtained by it in this connection; and


(iii)
the Depositary may request, in its sole but reasonable discretion after reasonable consultation with the Company, an Opinion of Counsel regarding U.S. law, the laws of the Netherlands, or of any other relevant jurisdiction, to be furnished at the expense of the Company, if at any time it deems it necessary to seek such an Opinion of Counsel regarding the validity of any action to be taken or instructed to be taken under this Agreement.

The Company agrees to promptly pay to the Depositary such other fees, charges and expenses and to reimburse the Depositary for such out‑of‑pocket expenses as the Depositary and the Company may agree to in writing from time to time.  Responsibility for payment of such charges may at any time and from time to time be changed by agreement between the Company and the Depositary.

All payments by the Company to the Depositary under this Section 5.9 shall be paid without set‑off or counterclaim, and free and clear of and without deduction or withholding for or on account of, any present or future taxes, levies, imports, duties, fees, assessments or other charges of whatever nature, imposed by the Netherlands or by any department, agency or other political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein, and all interest, penalties or similar liabilities with respect thereto.

The right of the Depositary to receive payment of fees, charges and expenses as provided above shall survive the termination of this Deposit Agreement.  As to any Depositary, upon the resignation or removal of such Depositary as described in Section 5.4 hereof, such right shall extend for those fees, charges and expenses incurred prior to the effectiveness of such resignation or removal.
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SECTION 5.10  Restricted Securities Owners/Ownership Restrictions.  From time to time or upon request of the Depositary, the Company shall provide to the Depositary a list setting forth, to the actual knowledge of the Company, those persons or entities who beneficially own Restricted Securities and the Company shall update such list on a regular basis. The Depositary may rely on such list or update but shall not be liable for any action or omission made in reliance thereon. The Company agrees to advise in writing each of the persons or entities who, to the knowledge of the Company, holds Restricted Securities that such Restricted Securities are ineligible for deposit hereunder and, to the extent practicable, shall require each of such persons to represent in writing that such person will not deposit Restricted Securities hereunder.  Holders and Beneficial Owners shall comply with any limitations on ownership of Shares under the Articles of Association or applicable Dutch law and the rules and regulations of any exchange or listing authority on which the Shares or ADSs are listed as if they held the number of Shares their ADSs represent. The Company shall, in accordance with Article (24) of the Receipt, inform Holders and Beneficial Owners and the Depositary of any other limitations on ownership of Shares that the Holders and Beneficial Owners may be subject to by reason of the number of ADSs held under the Articles of Association or applicable Dutch law and the rules and regulations of any exchange or listing authority on which the Shares or ADSs are listed, as such restrictions may be in force from time to time.

The Company may, in its sole discretion, but subject to applicable law, instruct the Depositary to take action with respect to the ownership interest of any Holder or Beneficial Owner pursuant to the Articles of Association, including but not limited to, the removal or limitation of voting rights or the mandatory sale or disposition on behalf of a Holder or Beneficial Owner of the Shares represented by the ADRs held by such Holder or Beneficial Owner in excess of such limitations, if and to the extent such disposition is permitted by applicable law and the Articles of Association; provided that any such measures are practicable and legal and can be undertaken without undue burden or expense, and provided further the Depositary’s agreement to the foregoing is conditional upon it being advised of any applicable changes in the Articles of Association.  The Depositary shall have no liability for any actions taken in accordance with such instructions.

ARTICLE VI.

AMENDMENT AND TERMINATION

SECTION 6.1  Amendment/Supplement.  Subject to the terms and conditions of this Section 6.1 and applicable law, the Receipts outstanding at any time, the provisions of this Deposit Agreement and the form of Receipt attached hereto and to be issued under the terms hereof may at any time and from time to time be amended or supplemented by written agreement between the Company and the Depositary in any respect which they may deem necessary or desirable and not materially prejudicial to the Holders without the consent of the Holders or Beneficial Owners. Any amendment or supplement which shall impose or increase any fees or charges (other than charges in connection with foreign exchange control regulations, and taxes and/or other governmental charges, delivery and other such expenses payable by Holders or Beneficial Owners), or which shall otherwise materially prejudice any substantial existing right of Holders or Beneficial Owners, shall not, however, become effective as to outstanding Receipts until 30 days after notice of such amendment or supplement shall have been given to the Holders of outstanding Receipts. Notice of any amendment to the Deposit Agreement or form of Receipts shall not need to describe in detail the specific amendments effectuated thereby, and failure to describe the specific amendments in any such notice shall not render such notice invalid, provided, however, that, in each such case, the notice given to the Holders identifies a means for Holders and Beneficial Owners to retrieve or receive the text of such amendment (i.e., upon retrieval from the Commission’s, the Depositary’s or the Company’s website or upon request from the Depositary).The parties hereto agree that any amendments or supplements which (i) are reasonably necessary (as agreed by the Company and the Depositary) in order for (a) the American Depositary Shares to be registered on Form F‑6 under the Securities Act or (b) the American Depositary Shares or the Shares to be traded solely in electronic book‑entry form and (ii) do not in either such case impose or increase any fees or charges to be borne by Holders, shall be deemed not to materially prejudice any substantial rights of Holders or Beneficial Owners. Every Holder and Beneficial Owner at the time any amendment or supplement so becomes effective shall be deemed, by continuing to hold such American Depositary Share or Shares, to consent and agree to such amendment or supplement and to be bound by the Deposit Agreement as amended and supplemented thereby. In no event shall any amendment or supplement impair the right of the Holder to surrender such Receipt and receive therefor the Deposited Securities represented thereby, except in order to comply with mandatory provisions of applicable law. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if any governmental body should adopt new laws, rules or regulations which would require amendment or supplement of the Deposit Agreement to ensure compliance therewith, the Company and the Depositary may amend or supplement the Deposit Agreement and the Receipt at any time in accordance with such changed laws, rules or regulations.  Such amendment or supplement to the Deposit Agreement in such circumstances may become effective before a notice of such amendment or supplement is given to Holders or within any other period of time as required for compliance with such laws, rules or regulations.
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SECTION 6.2  Termination.  The Depositary shall, at any time at the written direction of the Company, terminate this Deposit Agreement by mailing notice of such termination to the Holders of all Receipts then outstanding at least 90 days prior to the date fixed in such notice for such termination, provided that, the Depositary shall be reimbursed for any amounts, fees, costs or expenses owed to it in accordance with the terms of this Deposit Agreement and in accordance with any other agreements as otherwise agreed in writing between the Company and the Depositary from time to time, prior to such termination shall take effect. If 90 days shall have expired after (i) the Depositary shall have delivered to the Company a written notice of its election to resign, or (ii) the Company shall have delivered to the Depositary a written notice of the removal of the Depositary, and in either case a successor depositary shall not have been appointed and accepted its appointment as provided in Section 5.4 hereof, the Depositary may terminate this Deposit Agreement by mailing notice of such termination to the Holders of all Receipts then outstanding at least 30 days prior to the date fixed for such termination. On and after the date of termination of this Deposit Agreement, each Holder will, upon surrender of such Receipt at the Corporate Trust Office of the Depositary, upon the payment of the charges of the Depositary for the surrender of Receipts referred to in Section 2.6 hereof and subject to the conditions and restrictions therein set forth, and upon payment of any applicable taxes and/or governmental charges, be entitled to Delivery, to him or upon his order, of the amount of Deposited Securities represented by such Receipt. If any Receipts shall remain outstanding after the date of termination of this Deposit Agreement, the Registrar thereafter shall discontinue the registration of transfers of Receipts, and the Depositary shall suspend the distribution of dividends to the Holders thereof, and shall not give any further notices or perform any further acts under this Deposit Agreement, except that the Depositary shall continue to collect dividends and other distributions pertaining to Deposited Securities, shall sell rights or other property as provided in this Deposit Agreement, and shall continue to Deliver Deposited Securities, subject to the conditions and restrictions set forth in Section 2.6 hereof, together with any dividends or other distributions received with respect thereto and the net proceeds of the sale of any rights or other property, in exchange for Receipts surrendered to the Depositary (after deducting, or charging, as the case may be, in each case, the charges of the Depositary for the surrender of a Receipt, any expenses for the account of the Holder in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Deposit Agreement and any applicable taxes and/or governmental charges or assessments). At any time after the expiration of six months from the date of termination of this Deposit Agreement, the Depositary may sell the Deposited Securities then held hereunder and may thereafter hold uninvested the net proceeds of any such sale, together with any other cash then held by it hereunder, in an unsegregated account, without liability for interest for the pro rata benefit of the Holders of Receipts whose Receipts have not theretofore been surrendered. After making such sale, the Depositary shall be discharged from all obligations under this Deposit Agreement with respect to the Receipts and the Shares, Deposited Securities and American Depositary Shares, except to account for such net proceeds and other cash (after deducting, or charging, as the case may be, in each case, the charges of the Depositary for the surrender of a Receipt, any expenses for the account of the Holder in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Deposit Agreement and any applicable taxes and/or governmental charges or assessments). Upon the termination of this Deposit Agreement, the Company shall be discharged from all obligations under this Deposit Agreement except for its obligations to the Depositary hereunder. The obligations under the terms of the Deposit Agreement and Receipts of Holders and Beneficial Owners of ADSs outstanding as of the effective date of any termination shall survive such effective date of termination and shall be discharged only when the applicable ADSs are presented by their Holders to the Depositary for cancellation under the terms of the Deposit Agreement and the Holders have each satisfied any and all of their obligations hereunder (including, but not limited to, any payment and/or reimbursement obligations which relate to prior to the effective date of termination but which payment and/or reimbursement is claimed after such effective date of termination).
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Notwithstanding anything contained in the Deposit Agreement or any ADR, in connection with the termination of the Deposit Agreement, the Depositary may, independently and without the need for any action by the Company, make available to Holders of ADSs a means to withdraw the Deposited Securities represented by their ADSs and to direct the deposit of such Deposited Securities into an unsponsored American depositary shares program established by the Depositary, upon such terms and conditions as the Depositary may deem reasonably appropriate, subject however, in each case, to satisfaction of the applicable registration requirements by the unsponsored American depositary shares program under the Securities Act, and to receipt by the Depositary of payment of the applicable fees and charges of, and reimbursement of the applicable expenses incurred by, the Depositary.

ARTICLE VII.

MISCELLANEOUS

SECTION 7.1  Counterparts.  This Deposit Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, and all of such counterparts together shall constitute one and the same agreement. Copies of this Deposit Agreement shall be maintained with the Depositary and shall be open to inspection by any Holder during business hours.

SECTION 7.2  No Third‑Party Beneficiaries.  This Deposit Agreement is for the exclusive benefit of the parties hereto (and their successors) and shall not be deemed to give any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim whatsoever to any other person, except to the extent specifically set forth in this Deposit Agreement.  Nothing in this Deposit Agreement shall be deemed to give rise to a partnership or joint venture among the parties hereto nor establish a fiduciary or similar relationship among the parties.  The parties hereto acknowledge and agree that (i) the Depositary and its Affiliates may at any time have multiple banking relationships with the Company and its Affiliates, (ii) the Depositary and its Affiliates may be engaged at any time in transactions in which parties adverse to the Company or the Holders or Beneficial Owners may have interests and (iii) nothing contained in this Agreement shall (a) preclude the Depositary or any of its Affiliates from engaging in such transactions or establishing or maintaining such relationships, or (b) obligate the Depositary or any of its Affiliates to disclose such transactions or relationships or to account for any profit made or payment received in such transactions or relationships.

SECTION 7.3  Severability.  In case any one or more of the provisions contained in this Deposit Agreement or in the Receipts should be or become invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions contained herein or therein shall in no way be affected, prejudiced or disturbed thereby.

SECTION 7.4  Holders and Beneficial Owners as Parties; Binding Effect.  The Holders and Beneficial Owners from time to time of American Depositary Shares shall be parties to the Deposit Agreement and shall be bound by all of the terms and conditions hereof and of any Receipt by acceptance hereof or any beneficial interest therein.

          SECTION 7.5  Notices.  Any and all notices to be given to the Company shall be deemed to have been duly given if personally delivered or sent by first-class mail, air courier or cable, telex, facsimile transmission or electronic transmission, confirmed by letter, addressed to Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., Oosterdoksstraat 80, 1011 DK Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Attention: Company Secretary or to any other address which the Company may specify in writing to the Depositary, or at which it may be effectively given such notice in accordance with applicable law.

Any and all notices to be given to the Depositary shall be deemed to have been duly given if personally delivered or sent by first-class mail, air courier or cable, telex, facsimile transmission or by electronic transmission (if agreed by the Company and the Depositary), at the Company’s expense, unless otherwise agreed in writing between the Company and the Depositary, confirmed by letter, addressed to Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, 60 Wall Street, New York, New York 10005, USA, Attention: ADR Department, telephone:  +1 212 250‑9100, facsimile:  + 1 212 797 0327 or to any other address which the Depositary may specify in writing to the Company.
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Any and all notices to be given to any Holder shall be deemed to have been duly given if personally delivered or sent by first-class mail or cable, telex, facsimile transmission or by electronic transmission (if agreed by the Company and the Depositary), at the Company’s expense, unless otherwise agreed in writing between the Company and the Depositary, addressed to such Holder at the address of such Holder as it appears on the transfer books for Receipts of the Depositary, or, if such Holder shall have filed with the Depositary a written request that notices intended for such Holder be mailed to some other address, at the address specified in such request. Notice to Holders shall be deemed to be notice to Beneficial Owners for all purposes of this Deposit Agreement.

Delivery of a notice sent by mail, air courier or cable, telex, facsimile or electronic transmission shall be deemed to be effective at the time when a duly addressed letter containing the same (or a confirmation thereof in the case of a cable, telex, facsimile or electronic transmission) is deposited, postage prepaid, in a post‑office letter box or delivered to an air courier service. The Depositary or the Company may, however, act upon any cable, telex, facsimile or electronic transmission received by it from the other or from any Holder, notwithstanding that such cable, telex, facsimile or electronic transmission shall not subsequently be confirmed by letter as aforesaid, as the case may be.

SECTION 7.6  Governing Law and Jurisdiction.  This Deposit Agreement and the Receipts shall be interpreted in accordance with, and all rights hereunder and thereunder and provisions hereof and thereof shall be governed by, the laws of the State of New York without reference to the principles of choice of law thereof.  Subject to the Depositary’s rights under the third paragraph of this Section 7.6, the Company and the Depositary agree that the  United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (or, if the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York lacks subject matter jurisdiction over a particular dispute, the state courts in New York County, New York) shall have exclusive jurisdiction to hear and determine any suit, action or proceeding and to settle any dispute between them that may arise out of or relate in any way to this Deposit Agreement including without limitation claims under the Securities Act and, for such purposes, each irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of such courts. Notwithstanding the above, the parties hereto agree that any judgment and/or order from any such New York court can be enforced in any court having jurisdiction thereof.  The Company hereby irrevocably designates, appoints and empowers Puglisi & Associates, (the “Process Agent”), now at 850 Library Avenue, Suite 204, Newark, Delaware 19711, United States, as its authorized agent to receive and accept for and on its behalf, and on behalf of its properties, assets and revenues, service by mail of any and all legal process, summons, notices and documents that may be served in any suit, action or proceeding brought against the Company in such courts as described in the preceding sentence or in the next paragraph of this Section 7.6. If for any reason the Process Agent shall cease to be available to act as such, the Company agrees to designate a new agent in the City of New York on the terms and for the purposes of this Section 7.6 reasonably satisfactory to the Depositary. The Company further hereby irrevocably consents and agrees to the service of any and all legal process, summons, notices and documents in any suit, action or proceeding against the Company, by service by mail of a copy thereof upon the Process Agent (whether or not the appointment of such Process Agent shall for any reason prove to be ineffective or such Process Agent shall fail to accept or acknowledge such service), with a copy mailed to the Company by registered or certified air mail, postage prepaid, to its address provided in Section 7.5 hereof. The Company agrees that the failure of the Process Agent to give any notice of such service to it shall not impair or affect in any way the validity of such service or any judgment rendered in any action or proceeding based thereon.
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The Company irrevocably and unconditionally waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any objection that it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any actions, suits or proceedings brought in any court as provided in this Section 7.6, and hereby further irrevocably and unconditionally waives and agrees not to plead or claim in any such court that any such action, suit or proceeding brought in any such court has been brought in an inconvenient forum.

The Company, the Depositary and by holding an American Depositary Share (or interest therein) Holders and Beneficial Owners each agree that, notwithstanding the foregoing, with regard to any claim or dispute or difference of whatever nature between or involving the parties hereto arising directly or indirectly from the relationship created by this Deposit Agreement, the Depositary, in its sole discretion, shall be entitled to refer such dispute or difference for final settlement by arbitration (“Arbitration”) in accordance with the Commercial Arbitration Rules of the American Arbitration Association (the “Rules”) then in force.  The arbitration shall be conducted by three arbitrators, one nominated by the Depositary, one nominated by the Company, and one nominated by the two party-appointed arbitrators within 30 calendar days of the confirmation of the nomination of the second arbitrator.  If any arbitrator has not been nominated within the time limits specified herein and in the Rules, then such arbitrator shall be appointed by the American Arbitration Association in accordance with the Rules.  Judgment upon the award rendered by the arbitrators may be enforced in any court having jurisdiction thereof.  The seat and place of any reference to arbitration shall be New York City, New York, and the procedural law of such arbitration shall be New York law.  The language to be used in the arbitration shall be English. The fees of the arbitrator and other costs incurred by the parties in connection with such Arbitration shall be paid by the party or parties that is (are) unsuccessful in such Arbitration. For the avoidance of doubt this paragraph does not preclude Holders and Beneficial Owners from pursuing claims under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act in federal courts.

Holders and Beneficial Owners understand, and by holding an American Depositary Share or an interest therein, such Holders and Beneficial Owners each irrevocably agrees that any legal suit, action or proceeding against or involving the Company or the Depositary,  regardless of whether such legal suit, action or proceeding also involves parties other than the Company or the Depositary, arising out of or relating in any way to this Deposit Agreement, the American Depositary Shares, Receipts or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby or by virtue of ownership thereof, including without limitation claims under the Securities Act, may only be instituted in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (or, if the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York lacks subject matter jurisdiction over a particular dispute, in the state courts in New York County, New York), and by holding an American Depositary Share or an interest therein each irrevocably waives any objection which it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any such proceeding, and irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of such courts in any such suit, action or proceeding.   Holders and Beneficial Owners agree that the provisions of this paragraph shall survive such Holders’ and Beneficial Owners’ ownership of American Depositary Shares or interests therein.
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EACH PARTY TO THE DEPOSIT AGREEMENT (INCLUDING, FOR AVOIDANCE OF DOUBT, EACH HOLDER AND BENEFICIAL OWNER AND/OR HOLDER OF INTERESTS IN ANY ADRs) HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING AGAINST THE DEPOSITARY AND/OR THE COMPANY DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THE SHARES OR OTHER DEPOSITED SECURITIES, THE ADSs OR THE ADRs, THE DEPOSIT AGREEMENT OR ANY TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED HEREIN OR THEREIN, OR THE BREACH HEREOF OR THEREOF (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT, COMMON LAW OR ANY OTHER THEORY).

The provisions of this Section 7.6 shall survive any termination of this Deposit Agreement, in whole or in part.

SECTION 7.7  Assignment.  Subject to the provisions and exceptions set forth in Section 5.4 hereof, this Deposit Agreement may not be assigned by either the Company or the Depositary.

SECTION 7.8  Agents.  The Depositary shall be entitled, in its sole but reasonable discretion, to appoint one or more agents (the “Agents”) of which it shall have control for the purpose, inter alia, of making distributions to the Holders or otherwise carrying out its obligations under this Agreement.

SECTION 7.9  Affiliates etc.  The Depositary reserves the right to utilize and retain a division or Affiliate(s) of the Depositary to direct, manage and/or execute any public and/or private sale of Shares, rights, securities, property or other entitlements hereunder and to engage in the conversion of Foreign Currency hereunder.  It is anticipated that such division and/or Affiliate(s) will charge the Depositary a fee and/or commission in connection with each such transaction, and seek reimbursement of its costs and expenses related thereto.  Such fees/commissions, costs and expenses, shall be deducted from amounts distributed hereunder and shall not be deemed to be fees of the Depositary under Article (9) of the Receipt or otherwise.  Persons are advised that in converting foreign currency into U.S. dollars the Depositary may utilize Deutsche Bank AG or its affiliates (collectively, “DBAG”) to effect such conversion by seeking to enter into a foreign exchange (“FX”) transaction with DBAG.  When converting currency, the Depositary is not acting as a fiduciary for the holders or beneficial owners of depositary receipts or any other person.  Moreover, in executing FX transactions, DBAG will be acting in a principal capacity, and not as agent, fiduciary or broker, and may hold positions for its own account that are the same, similar, different or opposite to the positions of its customers, including the Depositary.  When the Depositary seeks to execute an FX transaction to accomplish such conversion, customers should be aware that DBAG is a global dealer in FX for a full range of FX products and, as a result, the rate obtained in connection with any requested foreign currency conversion may be impacted by DBAG executing FX transactions for its own account or with another customer.  In addition, in order to source liquidity for any FX transaction relating to any foreign currency conversion, DBAG may internally share economic terms relating to the relevant FX transaction with persons acting in a sales or trading capacity for DBAG or one of its agents.  DBAG may charge fees and/or commissions to the Depositary or add a mark-up in connection with such conversions, which are reflected in the rate at which the foreign currency will be converted into U.S. dollars. The Depositary, its Affiliates and their agents, on their own behalf, may own and deal in any class of securities of the Company and its Affiliates and in ADSs.
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SECTION 7.10  Exclusivity.  The Company agrees not to appoint any other depositary for the issuance or administration of depositary receipts evidencing any class of stock of the Company so long as Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas is acting as Depositary hereunder.

SECTION 7.11  Compliance with U.S. Securities Laws.  Notwithstanding anything in this Deposit Agreement to the contrary, the withdrawal or Delivery of Deposited Securities will not be suspended by the Company or the Depositary except as would be permitted by Instruction I.A.(1) of the General Instructions to Form F‑6 Registration Statement, as amended from time to time, under the Securities Act.

SECTION 7.12  Titles.  All references in this Deposit Agreement to exhibits, Articles, sections, subsections, and other subdivisions refer to the exhibits, Articles, sections, subsections and other subdivisions of this Deposit Agreement unless expressly provided otherwise.  The words “this Deposit Agreement”, “herein”, “hereof”, “hereby”, “hereunder”, and words of similar import refer to the Deposit Agreement as a whole as in effect between the Company, the Depositary and the Holders and Beneficial Owners of ADSs and not to any particular subdivision unless expressly so limited.  Pronouns in masculine, feminine and neuter gender shall be construed to include any other gender, and words in the singular form shall be construed to include the plural and vice versa unless the context otherwise requires.  Titles to sections of this Deposit Agreement are included for convenience only and shall be disregarded in construing the language contained in this Deposit Agreement.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V. and DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS have duly executed this Deposit Agreement as of the day and year first above set forth and each Holder and Beneficial Owner shall become parties hereto upon acceptance by them of American Depositary Shares evidenced by Receipts issued in accordance with the terms hereof.

 
JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V.
 
 
 
 
By:
 
 
 
Name:
    Title:

 
DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS
 
 
 
 
By:
 
 
 
Name:
    Title:
     
  By:
 
    Name:
    Title:

39

EXHIBIT A

CUSIP________

ISIN________


American Depositary
Shares (Every [five]
American Depositary
Shares representing one
Fully Paid Ordinary Share)

[FORM OF FACE OF RECEIPT]

AMERICAN DEPOSITARY RECEIPT

for

AMERICAN DEPOSITARY SHARES

representing

DEPOSITED ORDINARY SHARES

of

JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V.

 (Incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands)

DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST COMPANY AMERICAS, as depositary (herein called the “Depositary”), hereby certifies that ________________ is the owner of ______________ American Depositary Shares (hereinafter “ADS”), representing deposited ordinary shares, each of nominal value €0.04 including evidence of rights to receive such ordinary shares (the “Shares”) of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., a company incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands (the “Company”). As of the date of the Deposit Agreement (hereinafter referred to), every [five] ADSs represents one Share deposited under the Deposit Agreement with the Custodian which at the date of execution of the Deposit Agreement is Deutsche Bank AG, Amsterdam Branch (the “Custodian”). The ratio of Depositary Shares to shares of stock is subject to subsequent amendment as provided in Article IV of the Deposit Agreement.  The Depositary’s Corporate Trust Office is located at 60 Wall Street, New York, New York 10005, U.S.A.

(1)          The Deposit Agreement.  This American Depositary Receipt is one of an issue of American Depositary Receipts (“Receipts”), all issued or to be issued upon the terms and conditions set forth in the Deposit Agreement, dated as of       , 2021 (as amended from time to time, the “Deposit Agreement”), by and among the Company, the Depositary, and all Holders and Beneficial Owners from time to time of Receipts issued thereunder, each of whom by accepting a Receipt agrees to become a party thereto and becomes bound by all the terms and conditions thereof. The Deposit Agreement sets forth the rights and obligations of Holders and Beneficial Owners of Receipts and the rights and duties of the Depositary in respect of the Shares deposited thereunder and any and all other securities, property and cash from time to time, received in respect of such Shares and held thereunder (such Shares, other securities, property and cash are herein called “Deposited Securities”). Copies of the Deposit Agreement are on file at the Corporate Trust Office of the Depositary and the Custodian.
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Each owner and each Beneficial Owner, upon acceptance of any ADSs (or any interest therein) issued in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Deposit Agreement, shall be deemed for all purposes to (a) be a party to and bound by the terms of the Deposit Agreement and applicable ADR(s), and (b) appoint the Depositary its attorney‑in‑fact, with full power to delegate, to act on its behalf and to take any and all actions contemplated in the Deposit Agreement and the applicable ADR(s), to adopt any and all procedures necessary to comply with applicable law and to take such action as the Depositary in its sole discretion may deem necessary or appropriate to carry out the purposes of the Deposit Agreement and the applicable ADR(s) (the taking of such actions to be the conclusive determinant of the necessity and appropriateness thereof).

The statements made on the face and reverse of this Receipt are summaries of certain provisions of the Deposit Agreement and the Articles of Association (as in effect on the date of the Deposit Agreement) and are qualified by and subject to the detailed provisions of the Deposit Agreement, to which reference is hereby made. All capitalized terms used herein which are not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed thereto in the Deposit Agreement. To the extent there is any inconsistency between the terms of this Receipt and the terms of the Deposit Agreement, the terms of the Deposit Agreement shall prevail. Prospective and actual Holders and Beneficial Owners are encouraged to read the terms of the Deposit Agreement. The Depositary makes no representation or warranty as to the validity or worth of the Deposited Securities.  The Depositary has made arrangements for the acceptance of the American Depositary Shares into DTC.  Each Beneficial Owner of American Depositary Shares held through DTC must rely on the procedures of DTC and the DTC Participants to exercise and be entitled to any rights attributable to such American Depositary Shares.  The Receipt evidencing the American Depositary Shares held through DTC will be registered in the name of a nominee of DTC.  So long as the American Depositary Shares are held through DTC or unless otherwise required by law, ownership of beneficial interests in the Receipt registered in the name of DTC (or its nominee) will be shown on, and transfers of such ownership will be effected only through, records maintained by (i) DTC (or its nominee), or (ii) DTC Participants (or their nominees).

(2)          Surrender of Receipts and Withdrawal of Deposited Securities.  Upon surrender, at the Corporate Trust Office of the Depositary, of ADSs evidenced by this Receipt for the purpose of withdrawal of the Deposited Securities represented thereby, and upon payment of (i) the fees and charges of the Depositary for the making of withdrawals of Deposited Securities and cancellation of Receipts (as set forth in Section 5.9 of the Deposit Agreement and Article (9) hereof) and (ii) all fees, taxes and/or governmental charges payable in connection with such surrender and withdrawal, and, subject to the terms and conditions of the Deposit Agreement, the Articles of Association, Section 7.11 of the Deposit Agreement, Article (22) hereof and the provisions of or governing the Deposited Securities and other applicable laws, the Holder of the American Depositary Shares evidenced hereby is entitled to Delivery, to him or upon his order, of the Deposited Securities represented by the ADS so surrendered.  ADS may be surrendered for the purpose of withdrawing Deposited Securities by Delivery of a Receipt evidencing such ADS (if held in registered form) or by book‑entry delivery of such ADS to the Depositary.
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A Receipt surrendered for such purposes shall, if so required by the Depositary, be properly endorsed in blank or accompanied by proper instruments of transfer in blank, and if the Depositary so requires, the Holder thereof shall execute and deliver to the Depositary a written order directing the Depositary to cause the Deposited Securities being withdrawn to be Delivered to or upon the written order of a person or persons designated in such order. Thereupon, the Depositary shall direct the Custodian to Deliver (without unreasonable delay) at the designated office of the Custodian or through a book-entry delivery of the Shares (in either case subject to the terms and conditions of the Deposit Agreement, to the Articles of Association, and to the provisions of or governing the Deposited Securities and applicable laws, now or hereafter in effect), to or upon the written order of the person or persons designated in the order delivered to the Depositary as provided above, the Deposited Securities represented by such ADSs, together with any certificate or other proper documents of or relating to title for the Deposited Securities or evidence of the electronic transfer thereof (if available) as the case may be to or for the account of such person.  Subject to Article (4) hereof, in the case of surrender of a Receipt evidencing a number of ADSs representing other than a whole number of Shares, the Depositary shall cause ownership of the appropriate whole number of Shares to be Delivered in accordance with the terms hereof, and shall, at the discretion of the Depositary, either (i) issue and Deliver to the person surrendering such Receipt a new Receipt evidencing American Depositary Shares representing any remaining fractional Share, or (ii) sell or cause to be sold the fractional Shares represented by the Receipt so surrendered and remit the proceeds thereof (net of (a) applicable fees and charges of, and expenses incurred by, the Depositary and/or a division or Affiliate(s) of the Depositary and (b) taxes and/or governmental charges) to the person surrendering the Receipt.  At the request, risk and expense of any Holder so surrendering a Receipt, and for the account of such Holder, the Depositary shall direct the Custodian to forward (to the extent permitted by law) any cash or other property (other than securities) held in respect of, and any certificate or certificates and other proper documents of or relating to title to, the Deposited Securities represented by such Receipt to the Depositary for Delivery at the Corporate Trust Office of the Depositary, and for further Delivery to such Holder.  Such direction shall be given by letter or, at the request, risk and expense of such Holder, by cable, telex or facsimile transmission. Upon receipt of such direction by the Depositary, the Depositary may make delivery to such person or persons entitled thereto at the Corporate Trust Office of the Depositary of any dividends or cash distributions with respect to the Deposited Securities represented by such Receipt, or of any proceeds of sale of any dividends, distributions or rights, which may at the time be held by the Depositary.

(3)          Transfers, Split‑Ups and Combinations of Receipts.  Subject to the terms and conditions of the Deposit Agreement, the Registrar shall register transfers of Receipts on its books, upon surrender at the Corporate Trust Office of the Depositary of a Receipt by the Holder thereof in person or by duly authorized attorney, properly endorsed in the case of a certificated Receipt or accompanied by, or in the case of Receipts issued through any book-entry system, including, without limitation, DRS/Profile, receipt by the Depositary of proper instruments of transfer (including signature guarantees in accordance with standard industry practice) and duly stamped as may be required by the laws of the State of New York, of the United States, of the Netherlands and of any other applicable jurisdiction.  Subject to the terms and conditions of the Deposit Agreement, including payment of the applicable fees and expenses incurred by, and charges of, the Depositary, the Depositary shall execute and Deliver a new Receipt(s) (and if necessary, cause the Registrar to countersign such Receipt(s)) and deliver same to or upon the order of the person entitled to such Receipts evidencing the same aggregate number of ADSs as those evidenced by the Receipts surrendered. Upon surrender of a Receipt or Receipts for the purpose of effecting a split‑up or combination of such Receipt or Receipts upon payment of the applicable fees and charges of the Depositary, and subject to the terms and conditions of the Deposit Agreement, the Depositary shall execute and deliver a new Receipt or Receipts for any authorized number of ADSs requested, evidencing the same aggregate number of ADSs as the Receipt or Receipts surrendered.
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(4)          Pre‑Conditions to Registration, Transfer, Etc.  As a condition precedent to the execution and Delivery, registration, registration of transfer, split‑up, subdivision, combination or surrender of any Receipt, the delivery of any distribution thereon (whether in cash or shares) or withdrawal of any Deposited Securities, the Depositary or the Custodian may require (i) payment from the depositor of Shares or presenter of the Receipt of a sum sufficient to reimburse it for any tax or other governmental charge and any stock transfer or registration fee with respect thereto (including any such tax or charge and fee with respect to Shares being deposited or withdrawn) and payment of any applicable fees and charges of the Depositary as provided in the Deposit Agreement and in this Receipt, (ii) the production of proof satisfactory to it as to the identity and genuineness of any signature or any other matter and (iii) compliance with (A) any laws or governmental regulations relating to the execution and Delivery of Receipts and ADSs or to the withdrawal of Deposited Securities and (B) such reasonable regulations of the Depositary or the Company consistent with the Deposit Agreement and applicable law.

The issuance of ADSs against deposits of Shares generally or against deposits of particular Shares may be suspended, or the issuance of ADSs against the deposit of particular Shares may be withheld, or the registration of transfer of Receipts in particular instances may be refused, or the registration of transfer of Receipts generally may be suspended, during any period when the transfer books of the Depositary are closed or if any such action is deemed necessary or advisable by the Depositary or the Company, in good faith, at any time or from time to time because of any requirement of law, any government or governmental body or commission or any securities exchange upon which the Receipts or Share are listed, or under any provision of the Deposit Agreement or provisions of, or governing, the Deposited Securities or any meeting of shareholders of the Company or for any other reason, subject in all cases to Article (22) hereof.

The Depositary shall not issue ADSs prior to the receipt of Shares or deliver Shares prior to the receipt and cancellation of ADSs.

(5)          Compliance With Information Requests.  Notwithstanding any other provision of the Deposit Agreement or this Receipt, each Holder and Beneficial Owner of the ADSs represented hereby agrees to comply with requests from the Company pursuant to the laws of the Netherlands, the rules and requirements of the NASDAQ Global Select Market and any other stock exchange on which the Shares are, or will be registered, traded or listed, the Articles of Association, which are made to provide information as to the capacity in which such Holder or Beneficial Owner owns ADSs and regarding the identity of any other person interested in such ADSs and the nature of such interest and various other matters whether or not they are Holders and/or Beneficial Owners at the time of such request. The Depositary agrees to use reasonable efforts to forward any such requests to the Holders and to forward to the Company any such responses to such requests received by the Depositary.
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(6)          Liability of Holder for Taxes, Duties and Other Charges.  If any tax or other governmental charge shall become payable by the Depositary or the Custodian with respect to any Receipt or any Deposited Securities or ADSs, such tax or other governmental charge shall be payable by the applicable Holders and Beneficial Owners to the Depositary. The Company, the Custodian and/or the Depositary may withhold or deduct from any distributions made in respect of Deposited Securities and may sell for the account of the Holder and/or Beneficial Owner any or all of the Deposited Securities and apply such distributions and sale proceeds in payment of such taxes (including applicable interest and penalties) or charges, with the Holder and the Beneficial Owner hereof remaining fully liable for any deficiency.  The Custodian may refuse the deposit of Shares, and the Depositary may refuse to issue ADSs, to deliver Receipts, register the transfer, split‑up or combination of ADRs and (subject to Article (22) hereof) the withdrawal of Deposited Securities with respect to a Holder or Beneficial Holder liable for any tax, charge, penalty or interest hereunder, until payment in full of such tax, charge, penalty or interest is received.  The liability of Holders and Beneficial Owners under the Deposit Agreement shall survive any transfer of Receipts, any surrender of Receipts and withdrawal of Deposited Securities or the termination of the Deposit Agreement.

Holders understand that in converting Foreign Currency, amounts received on conversion are calculated at a rate which may exceed the number of decimal places used by the Depositary to report distribution rates (which in any case will not be less than two decimal places).  Any excess amount may be retained by the Depositary as an additional cost of conversion, irrespective of any other fees and expenses payable or owing hereunder and shall not be subject to escheatment.

(7)          Representations and Warranties of Depositors.  Each person depositing Shares under the Deposit Agreement shall be deemed thereby to represent and warrant that (i) such Shares (and the certificates therefor) are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid, non‑assessable and were legally obtained by such person, (ii) all preemptive (and similar) rights, if any, with respect to such Shares, have been validly waived or exercised, (iii) the person making such deposit is duly authorized so to do, (iv) the Shares presented for deposit are free and clear of any lien, encumbrance, security interest, charge, mortgage or adverse claim, and are not, and the ADSs issuable upon such deposit will not be, Restricted Securities, (v) the Shares presented for deposit have not been stripped of any rights or entitlements and (vi) the Shares are not subject to any lock‑up agreement with the Company or other party, or the Shares are subject to a lock-up agreement but such lock-up agreement has terminated or the lock-up restrictions imposed thereunder have expired or been validly waived.  Such representations and warranties shall survive the deposit and withdrawal of Shares and the issuance, cancellation and transfer of ADSs.  If any such representations or warranties are false in any way, the Company and Depositary shall be authorized, at the cost and expense of the person depositing Shares, to take any and all actions necessary to correct the consequences thereof.

(8)          Filing Proofs, Certificates and Other Information.  Any person presenting Shares for deposit, shall provide, any Holder and any Beneficial Owner may be required to provide and every Holder and Beneficial Owner agrees, from time to time to provide to the Depositary such proof of citizenship or residence, taxpayer status, payment of all applicable taxes and/or other governmental charges, exchange control approval, legal or beneficial ownership of ADSs and Deposited Securities, compliance with applicable laws and the terms of the Deposit Agreement and the provisions of, or governing, the Deposited Securities or other information as the Depositary deems necessary or proper or as the Company may reasonably require by written request to the Depositary consistent with its obligations under the Deposit Agreement. Pursuant to the Deposit Agreement, the Depositary and the Registrar, as applicable, may, withhold the execution or Delivery or registration of transfer of any Receipt or the distribution or sale of any dividend or other distribution of rights or of the proceeds thereof, or to the extent not limited by the terms of Article (22) hereof or the terms of the Deposit Agreement, the Delivery of any Deposited Securities until such proof or other information is filed or such certifications are executed, or such representations and warranties are made, or such other documentation or information provided, in each case to the Depositary’s and the Company’s satisfaction. The Depositary shall from time to time on the written request of the Company advise the Company of the availability of any such proofs, certificates or other information and shall, at the Company’s sole expense, provide or otherwise make available copies thereof to the Company upon written request therefor by the Company, unless such disclosure is prohibited by law. Each Holder and Beneficial Owner agrees to provide any information requested by the Company or the Depositary pursuant to this paragraph.  Nothing herein shall obligate the Depositary to (i) obtain any information for the Company if not provided by the Holders or Beneficial Owners or (ii) verify or vouch for the accuracy of the information so provided by the Holders or Beneficial Owners.
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Every Holder and Beneficial Owner agrees to indemnify the Depositary, the Company, the Custodian, the Agents and each of their respective directors, officers, employees, agents and Affiliates against, and to hold each of them harmless from, any Losses which any of them may incur or which may be made against any of them as a result of or in connection with any inaccuracy in or omission from any such proof, certificate, representation, warranty, information or document furnished by or on behalf of such Holder and/or Beneficial Owner or as a result of any such failure to furnish any of the foregoing.

The obligations of Holders and Beneficial Owners under the Deposit Agreement shall survive any transfer of Receipts, any surrender of Receipts and withdrawal of Deposited Securities or the termination of this Deposit Agreement.

(9)          Charges of Depositary.  The Depositary reserves the right to charge the following fees for the services performed under the terms of the Deposit Agreement, provided, however, that no fees shall be payable upon distribution of cash dividends so long as the charging of such fee is prohibited by the exchange, if any, upon which the ADSs are listed:

(i)          to any person to whom ADSs are issued or to any person to whom a distribution is made in respect of ADS distributions pursuant to stock dividends or other free distributions of stock, bonus distributions, stock splits or other distributions (except where converted to cash), a fee not in excess of U.S. $ 5.00 per 100 ADSs (or fraction thereof) so issued under the terms of the Deposit Agreement to be determined by the Depositary;

(ii)          to any person surrendering ADSs for withdrawal of Deposited Securities or whose ADSs are cancelled or reduced for any other reason including, inter alia, cash distributions made pursuant to a cancellation or withdrawal, a fee not in excess of U.S. $ 5.00 per 100 ADSs reduced, cancelled or surrendered (as the case may be);

(iii)          to any holder of ADSs (including, without limitation, Holders), a fee not in excess of U.S. $ 5.00 per 100 ADSs  held for the distribution of cash dividends;

(iv)          to any holder of ADSs (including, without limitation, Holders), a fee not in excess of U.S. $ 5.00 per 100 ADSs  held for the distribution of cash entitlements (other than cash dividends) and/or cash proceeds, including proceeds from the sale of rights, securities and other entitlements;
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(v)          to any holder of ADSs (including, without limitation, Holders), a fee not in excess of U.S. $ 5.00 per 100 ADSs (or portion thereof) issued upon the exercise of rights; and

(vi)          for the operation and maintenance costs in administering the ADSs an annual fee of U.S. $ 5.00 per 100 ADSs, such fee to be assessed against Holders of record as of the date or dates set by the Depositary as it sees fit and collected at the sole discretion of the Depositary by billing such Holders for such fee or by deducting such fee from one or more cash dividends or other cash distributions.

In addition, Holders, Beneficial Owners, any person depositing Shares for deposit and any person surrendering ADSs for cancellation and withdrawal of Deposited Securities will be required to pay the following charges:

(i)          taxes (including applicable interest and penalties) and other governmental charges;

(ii)          such registration fees as may from time to time be in effect for the registration of Shares or other Deposited Securities with the Foreign Registrar and applicable to transfers of Shares or other Deposited Securities to or from the name of the Custodian, the Depositary or any nominees upon the making of deposits and withdrawals, respectively;

(iii)          such cable, telex, facsimile and electronic transmission and delivery expenses as are expressly provided in the Deposit Agreement to be at the expense of the depositor depositing or person withdrawing Shares or Holders and Beneficial Owners of ADSs;

(iv)          the expenses and charges incurred by the Depositary and/or a division or Affiliate(s) of the Depositary in the conversion of Foreign Currency;

(v)          such fees and expenses as are incurred by the Depositary in connection with compliance with exchange control regulations and other regulatory requirements applicable to Shares, Deposited Securities, ADSs and ADRs;

(vi)          the fees and expenses incurred by the Depositary in connection with the delivery of Deposited Securities, including any fees of a central depository for securities in the local market, where applicable;

(vii)          any additional fees, charges, costs or expenses that may be incurred by the Depositary or a division or Affiliate(s) of the Depositary from time to time.

Any other fees and charges of, and expenses incurred by, the Depositary or the Custodian under the Deposit Agreement shall be for the account of the Company unless otherwise agreed in writing between the Company and the Depositary from time to time.  All fees and charges may, at any time and from time to time, be changed by agreement between the Depositary and Company but, in the case of fees and charges payable by Holders or Beneficial Owners, only in the manner contemplated by Article (20) hereof.
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The Depositary may make payments to the Company and/or may share revenue with the Company derived from fees collected from Holders and Beneficial Owners, upon such terms and conditions as the Company and the Depositary may agree from time to time.

(10)          Title to Receipts.  It is a condition of this Receipt, and every successive Holder of this Receipt by accepting or holding the same consents and agrees, that title to this Receipt (and to each ADS evidenced hereby) is transferable by delivery of the Receipt, provided it has been properly endorsed or accompanied by proper instruments of transfer, such Receipt being a certificated security under the laws of the State of New York.  Notwithstanding any notice to the contrary, the Depositary may deem and treat the Holder of this Receipt (that is, the person in whose name this Receipt is registered on the books of the Depositary) as the absolute owner hereof for all purposes.  The Depositary shall have no obligation or be subject to any liability under the Deposit Agreement or this Receipt to any holder of this Receipt or any Beneficial Owner unless such holder is the Holder of this Receipt registered on the books of the Depositary or, in the case of a Beneficial Owner, such Beneficial Owner or the Beneficial Owner’s representative is the Holder registered on the books of the Depositary.

(11)          Validity of Receipt.  This Receipt shall not be entitled to any benefits under the Deposit Agreement or be valid or enforceable for any purpose, unless this Receipt has been (i) dated, (ii) signed by the manual or facsimile signature of a duly authorized signatory of the Depositary, (iii) if a Registrar for the Receipts shall have been appointed, countersigned by the manual or facsimile signature of a duly authorized signatory of the Registrar and (iv) registered in the books maintained by the Depositary or the Registrar, as applicable, for the issuance and transfer of Receipts.  Receipts bearing the facsimile signature of a duly‑authorized signatory of the Depositary or the Registrar, who at the time of signature was a duly‑authorized signatory of the Depositary or the Registrar, as the case may be, shall bind the Depositary, notwithstanding the fact that such signatory has ceased to be so authorized prior to the execution and delivery of such Receipt by the Depositary or did not hold such office on the date of issuance of such Receipts.

(12)          Available Information; Reports; Inspection of Transfer Books.  As of the date of this Deposit Agreement, the Company publishes information in English required to maintain the exemption from registration under Rule 12g3-2(b) under the Exchange Act on its website (https://www.justeattakeaway.com) or through an electronic information delivery system generally available to the public in its primary trading market. The Company represents that as of the date of this Deposit Agreement, the statements in this paragraph with respect to the exemption from registration under Rule 12g3-2(b) under the Exchange Act are true and correct and agrees to promptly notify the Depositary in the event of any change in the truth of any such statements. The Depositary does not assume any duty to determine if the Company is complying with the current requirements of Rule 12g3-2(b) under the Exchange Act or to take any action if the Company is not complying with those requirements.

Should the Company become subject to the periodic reporting or other informational requirements of the Exchange Act, it will be required in accordance therewith to file reports and other documents with the Commission. These reports and documents can be inspected and copied at the Commission’s website at www.sec.gov.

The Depositary or the Registrar, as applicable, shall keep books for the registration of Receipts and transfers of Receipts which at all reasonable times shall be open for inspection by the Company and by the Holders of such Receipts, provided that such inspection shall not be, to the Depositary’s or the Registrar’s knowledge, for the purpose of communicating with Holders of such Receipts in the interest of a business or object other than the business of the Company or other than a matter related to the Deposit Agreement or the Receipts.
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The Depositary or the Registrar, as applicable, may close the transfer books with respect to the Receipts, at any time or from time to time, when deemed necessary or advisable by it in good faith in connection with the performance of its duties hereunder, or at the reasonable written request of the Company subject, in all cases, to Article (22) hereof.

Dated:
DEUTSCHE BANK TRUST
COMPANY AMERICAS, as Depositary
 
 
 
 
By:
 
 
 
 
 
By:
 

The address of the Corporate Trust Office of the Depositary is 60 Wall Street, New York, New York 10005, U.S.A.
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EXHIBIT B

[FORM OF REVERSE OF RECEIPT]
SUMMARY OF CERTAIN ADDITIONAL PROVISIONS
OF THE DEPOSIT AGREEMENT

(13)          Dividends and Distributions in Cash, Shares, etc.  Whenever the Depositary receives confirmation from the Custodian of receipt of any cash dividend or other cash distribution on any Deposited Securities, or receives proceeds from the sale of any Shares, rights securities or other entitlements under the Deposit Agreement, the Depositary will, if at the time of receipt thereof any amounts received in a Foreign Currency can, in the judgment of the Depositary (upon the terms of the Deposit Agreement), be converted on a practicable basis, into Dollars transferable to the United States, promptly convert or cause to be converted such dividend, distribution or proceeds into Dollars and will distribute promptly the amount thus received (net of applicable fees and charges of, and expenses incurred by, the Depositary and/or a division or Affiliate(s) of the Depositary and taxes and/or governmental charges) to the Holders of record as of the ADS Record Date in proportion to the number of ADSs representing such Deposited Securities held by such Holders respectively as of the ADS Record Date.  The Depositary shall distribute only such amount, however, as can be distributed without attributing to any Holder a fraction of one cent.  Any such fractional amounts shall be rounded down to the nearest whole cent and so distributed to Holders entitled thereto.  Holders and Beneficial Owners understand that in converting Foreign Currency, amounts received on conversion are calculated at a rate which exceeds the number of decimal places used by the Depositary to report distribution rates. The excess amount may be retained by the Depositary as an additional cost of conversion, irrespective of any other fees and expenses payable or owing hereunder and shall not be subject to escheatment. If the Company, the Custodian or the Depositary is required to withhold and does withhold from any cash dividend or other cash distribution in respect of any Deposited Securities an amount on account of taxes, duties or other governmental charges, the amount distributed to Holders on the ADSs representing such Deposited Securities shall be reduced accordingly. Such withheld amounts shall be forwarded by the Company, the Custodian or the Depositary to the relevant governmental authority.  Evidence of payment thereof by the Company shall be forwarded by the Company to the Depositary upon request. The Depositary shall forward to the Company or its agent such information from its records as the Company may reasonably request to enable the Company or its agent to file with governmental agencies such reports as are necessary to obtain benefits under the applicable tax treaties for the Holders and Beneficial Owners of Receipts.

If any distribution upon any Deposited Securities consists of a dividend in, or free distribution of, Shares, the Company shall cause such Shares to be deposited with the Custodian and registered, as the case may be, in the name of the Depositary, the Custodian or their nominees.  Upon receipt of confirmation of such deposit, the Depositary shall, subject to and in accordance with the Deposit Agreement, establish the ADS Record Date and either (i) distribute to the Holders as of the ADS Record Date in proportion to the number of ADSs held by such Holders as of the ADS Record Date, additional ADSs, which represent in aggregate the number of Shares received as such dividend, or free distribution, subject to the terms of the Deposit Agreement (including, without limitation, the applicable fees and charges of, and expenses incurred by, the Depositary, and taxes and/or governmental charges), or (ii) if additional ADSs are not so distributed, each ADS issued and outstanding after the ADS Record Date shall, to the extent permissible by law, thenceforth also represent rights and interests in the additional Shares distributed upon the Deposited Securities represented thereby (net of the applicable fees and charges of, and the expenses incurred by, the Depositary, and taxes and/or governmental charges).  In lieu of delivering fractional ADSs, the Depositary shall sell the number of Shares represented by the aggregate of such fractions and distribute the proceeds upon the terms set forth in the Deposit Agreement.
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In the event that (x) the Depositary determines that any distribution in property (including Shares) is subject to any tax or other governmental charges which the Depositary is obligated to withhold, or, (y) if the Company, in the fulfillment of its obligations under the Deposit Agreement, has either (a) furnished an opinion of U.S. counsel determining that Shares must be registered under the Securities Act or other laws in order to be distributed to Holders (and no such registration statement has been declared effective), or (b) fails to timely deliver the documentation contemplated in the Deposit Agreement, the Depositary may dispose of all or a portion of such property (including Shares and rights to subscribe therefor) in such amounts and in such manner, including by public or private sale, as the Depositary deems necessary and practicable, and the Depositary shall distribute the net proceeds of any such sale (after deduction of taxes and/or governmental charges, and fees and charges of, and expenses incurred by, the Depositary and/or a division or Affiliate(s) of the Depositary) to Holders entitled thereto upon the terms of the Deposit Agreement. The Depositary shall hold and/or distribute any unsold balance of such property in accordance with the provisions of the Deposit Agreement.

Upon timely receipt of a notice indicating that the Company wishes an elective distribution to be made available to Holders upon the terms described in the Deposit Agreement, the Depositary shall, upon provision of all documentation required under the Deposit Agreement, (including, without limitation, any legal opinions the Depositary may request under the Deposit Agreement) determine whether such distribution is lawful and reasonably practicable.  If so, the Depositary shall, subject to the terms and conditions of the Deposit Agreement, establish an ADS Record Date according to Article (14) hereof and establish procedures to enable the Holder hereof to elect to receive the proposed distribution in cash or in additional ADSs.  If a Holder elects to receive the distribution in cash, the dividend shall be distributed as in the case of a distribution in cash.  If the Holder hereof elects to receive the distribution in additional ADSs, the distribution shall be distributed as in the case of a distribution in Shares upon the terms described in the Deposit Agreement.  If such elective distribution is not lawful or reasonably practicable or if the Depositary did not receive satisfactory documentation set forth in the Deposit Agreement, the Depositary shall, to the extent permitted by law, distribute to Holders, on the basis of the same determination as is made in the Netherlands in respect of the Shares for which no election is made, either (x) cash or (y) additional ADSs representing such additional Shares, in each case, upon the terms described in the Deposit Agreement.  Nothing herein shall obligate the Depositary to make available to the Holder hereof a method to receive the elective dividend in Shares (rather than ADSs).  There can be no assurance that the Holder hereof will be given the opportunity to receive elective distributions on the same terms and conditions as the holders of Shares.
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Whenever the Company intends to distribute to the holders of the Deposited Securities rights to subscribe for additional Shares, the Company shall give notice thereof to the Depositary at least 45 days prior to the proposed distribution stating whether or not it wishes such rights to be made available to Holders of ADSs. Upon timely receipt by the Depositary of a notice indicating that the Company wishes such rights to be made available to Holders of ADSs, the Company shall determine whether it is lawful and reasonably practicable to make such rights available to the Holders. The Depositary shall make such rights available to any Holders only if the Company shall have timely requested that such rights be made available to Holders, the Depositary shall have received the documentation required by the Deposit Agreement, and the Depositary shall have determined that such distribution of rights is lawful and reasonably practicable.  If such conditions are not satisfied, the Depositary shall sell the rights as described below.  In the event all conditions set forth above are satisfied, the Depositary shall establish an ADS Record Date and establish procedures (x) to distribute such rights (by means of warrants or otherwise) and (y) to enable the Holders to exercise the rights (upon payment of the applicable fees and charges of, and expenses incurred by, the Depositary and/or a division or Affiliate(s) of the Depositary and taxes and/or governmental charges).  Nothing herein or in the Deposit Agreement shall obligate the Depositary to make available to the Holders a method to exercise such rights to subscribe for Shares (rather than ADSs).  If (i) the Company does not timely request the Depositary to make the rights available to Holders or if the Company requests that the rights not be made available to Holders, (ii) the Depositary fails to receive the documentation required by the Deposit Agreement or determines it is not lawful or reasonably practicable to make the rights available to Holders, or (iii) any rights made available are not exercised and appear to be about to lapse, the Depositary shall determine whether it is lawful and reasonably practicable to sell such rights, and if it so determines that it is lawful and reasonably practicable, endeavour to sell such rights in a riskless principal capacity or otherwise, at such place and upon such terms (including public and/or private sale) as it may deem proper.  The Depositary shall, upon such sale, convert and distribute proceeds of such sale (net of applicable fees and charges of, and expenses incurred by, the Depositary and/or a division or Affiliate(s) of the Depositary and taxes and/or governmental charges) upon the terms hereof and in the Deposit Agreement.  If the Depositary is unable to make any rights available to Holders or to arrange for the sale of the rights upon the terms described above, the Depositary shall allow such rights to lapse.  The Depositary shall not be responsible for (i) any failure to determine that it may be lawful or practicable to make such rights available to Holders in general or any Holders in particular, (ii) any foreign exchange exposure or loss incurred in connection with such sale, or exercise, or (iii) the content of any materials forwarded to the Holders on behalf of the Company in connection with the rights distribution.

Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, if registration (under the Securities Act and/or any other applicable law) of the rights or the securities to which any rights relate may be required in order for the Company to offer such rights or such securities to Holders and to sell the securities represented by such rights, the Depositary will not distribute such rights to the Holders (i) unless and until a registration statement under the Securities Act covering such offering is in effect or (ii) unless the Company furnishes to the Depositary opinion(s) of counsel for the Company in the United States and counsel to the Company in any other applicable country in which rights would be distributed, in each case satisfactorily to the Depositary, to the effect that the offering and sale of such securities to Holders and Beneficial Owners are exempt from, or do not require registration under, the provisions of the Securities Act or any other applicable laws.  In the event that the Company, the Depositary or the Custodian shall be required to withhold and does withhold from any distribution of property (including rights) an amount on account of taxes, duties and/or other governmental charges, the amount distributed to the Holders shall be reduced accordingly. Such withheld amounts shall be forwarded by the Company, the Custodian or the Depositary to the relevant governmental authority. In the event that the Depositary determines that any distribution in property (including Shares and rights to subscribe therefor) is subject to any tax or other governmental charges which the Depositary is obligated to withhold, the Depositary may dispose of all or a portion of such property (including Shares and rights to subscribe therefor) in such amounts and in such manner, including by public or private sale, as the Depositary deems necessary and practicable to pay any such taxes and/or charges.
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There can be no assurance that Holders generally, or any Holder in particular, will be given the opportunity to exercise rights on the same terms and conditions as the holders of Shares or to exercise such rights.  Nothing herein shall obligate the Company to file any registration statement in respect of any rights or Shares or other securities to be acquired upon the exercise of such rights or otherwise to register or qualify the offer or sale of such rights or securities under the applicable law of any other jurisdiction for any purpose.

Upon receipt of a notice regarding property other than cash, Shares or rights to purchase additional Shares, to be made to Holders of ADSs, the Depositary shall determine, after consultation with the Company, whether such distribution to Holders is lawful and reasonably practicable.  The Depositary shall not make such distribution unless (i) the Company shall have timely requested the Depositary to make such distribution to Holders, (ii) the Depositary shall have received the documentation required by the Deposit Agreement, and (iii) the Depositary shall have determined that such distribution is lawful and reasonably practicable.  Upon satisfaction of such conditions, the Depositary shall distribute the property so received to the Holders of record as of the ADS Record Date, in proportion to the number of ADSs held by such Holders respectively and in such manner as the Depositary may deem practicable for accomplishing such distribution (i) upon receipt of payment or net of the applicable fees and charges of, and expenses incurred by, the Depositary, and (ii) net of any taxes and/or governmental charges.  The Depositary may dispose of all or a portion of the property so distributed and deposited, in such amounts and in such manner (including public or private sale) as the Depositary may deem practicable or necessary to satisfy any taxes (including applicable interest and penalties) or other governmental charges applicable to the distribution.

If the conditions above are not satisfied, the Depositary shall sell or cause such property to be sold in a public or private sale, at such place or places and upon such terms as it may deem proper and shall distribute the proceeds of such sale received by the Depositary (net of (a) applicable fees and charges of, and expenses incurred by, the Depositary and/or a division or Affiliate(s) of the Depositary and (b) taxes and/or governmental charges) to the Holders upon the terms hereof and of the Deposit Agreement.  If the Depositary is unable to sell such property, the Depositary may dispose of such property in any way it deems reasonably practicable under the circumstances.

(14)          Fixing of Record Date.  Whenever necessary in connection with any distribution (whether in cash, Shares, rights or other distribution), or whenever for any reason the Depositary causes a change in the number of Shares that are represented by each ADS, or whenever the Depositary shall receive notice of any meeting of or solicitation of holders of Shares or other Deposited Securities, or whenever the Depositary shall find it necessary or convenient in connection with the giving of any notice, or any other matter, the Depositary shall fix a record date (the “ADS Record Date”), as close as practicable to the record date fixed by the Company with respect to the Shares (if applicable), for the determination of the Holders who shall be entitled to receive such distribution, to give instructions for the exercise of voting rights at any such meeting, or to give or withhold such consent, or to receive such notice or solicitation or to otherwise take action, or to exercise the rights of Holders with respect to such changed number of Shares represented by each ADS or for any other reason. Subject to applicable law and the terms and conditions of this Receipt and the Deposit Agreement, only the Holders of record at the close of business in New York on such ADS Record Date shall be entitled to receive such distributions, to give such voting instructions, to receive such notice or solicitation, or otherwise take action.
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(15)          Voting of Deposited Securities. Subject to the next sentence, as soon as practicable after receipt of notice of any meeting at which the holders of Deposited Securities are entitled to vote, or of solicitation of consents or proxies from holders of Deposited Securities, the Depositary shall fix the ADS Record Date in respect of such meeting or such solicitation of consents or proxies. The Depositary shall, if requested by the Company in writing in a timely manner (the Depositary having no obligation to take any further action if the request shall not have been received by the Depositary at least 42 days prior to the date of such vote or meeting) and at the Company’s expense, and provided no U.S. legal prohibitions exist, mail by regular, ordinary mail delivery (or by electronic mail or as otherwise may be agreed between the Company and the Depositary in writing from time to time) or otherwise distribute as soon as practicable after receipt thereof to Holders as of the ADS Record Date: (a) such notice of meeting or solicitation of consent or proxy; (b) a statement that the Holders at the close of business on the ADS Record Date will be entitled, subject to any applicable law, the provisions of this Deposit Agreement, the Company’s Articles of Association and the provisions of or governing the Deposited Securities (which provisions, if any, shall be summarized in pertinent part by the Company), to instruct the Depositary as to the exercise of the voting rights, if any, pertaining to the Deposited Securities represented by such Holder’s American Depositary Shares; and (c) a brief statement as to the manner in which such voting instructions may be given to the Depositary, or in which instructions may be deemed to have been given in accordance with this Article (15), including, solely to the extent the Depositary has been provided with at least 42 days’ notice of the proposed meeting or vote, an express indication that instructions may be given (or be deemed to have been given in accordance with the immediately following paragraph of this section if no instruction is received) to the Depositary to give a discretionary proxy to a person or persons designated by the Company. Voting instructions may be given by a Holder as of the close of business on the ADS Record Date as to the exercise of the voting rights, if any, pertaining to the Deposited Securities represented by such Holder’s American Depositary Shares. Upon the timely receipt of voting instructions of a Holder on the ADS Record Date in the manner specified by the Depositary, the Depositary shall endeavor, insofar as practicable and permitted under applicable law, the provisions of this Deposit Agreement, the Articles of Association and the provisions of or governing the Deposited Securities, to vote or cause the Custodian to vote the Deposited Securities (in person or by proxy) represented by American Depositary Shares evidenced by such Receipt in accordance with such voting instructions; provided that the Depositary may aggregate Holders’ voting instructions in respect of any particular matter and (i) will vote or cause the Custodian to vote Deposited Securities (in person or by proxy) in accordance with voting instructions timely received from all Holders of American Depositary Shares as of the ADS Record Date to the extent that such voting instructions, in aggregate, are with respect to a number of American Depositary Shares representing an integral number of Deposited Securities and (ii) only to the extent that such voting instructions, in aggregate, are with respect to a number of American Depositary Shares which do not represent an integral number of Deposited Securities, will disregard such voting instructions.
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In the event that (i) the Depositary timely receives voting instructions from a Holder which fail to specify the manner in which the Depositary is to vote the Deposited Securities represented by such Holder’s ADSs or (ii) no timely instructions are received by the Depositary from a Holder with respect to any of the Deposited Securities represented by the ADSs held by such Holder on the ADS Record Date, solely to the extent the Depositary has been provided with at least 42 days’ notice of the proposed meeting or vote, the Depositary shall (unless otherwise specified in the notice distributed to Holders) deem such Holder to have instructed the Depositary to give a discretionary proxy to a person designated by the Company with respect to such Deposited Securities and the Depositary shall give a discretionary proxy to a person designated by the Company to vote such Deposited Securities, provided, however, that no such instruction shall be deemed to have been given and no such discretionary proxy shall be given with respect to any matter as to which the Company informs the Depositary (and the Company agrees to provide such information as promptly as practicable in writing, if applicable) that (x) the Company does not wish to give such proxy, (y) the Company is aware or should reasonably be aware that substantial opposition exists from Holders against the outcome for which the person designated by the Company would otherwise vote or (z) the outcome for which the person designated by the Company would otherwise vote would materially and adversely affect the rights of holders of Deposited Securities, provided, further, that the Company will have no liability to any Holder or Beneficial Owner resulting from such notification.

In the event that voting on any resolution or matter is conducted on a show of hands basis in accordance with the Articles of Association, the Depositary will refrain from voting and the voting instructions (or the deemed voting instructions, as set out above) received by the Depositary from Holders shall lapse.  The Depositary will have no obligation to demand voting on a poll basis with respect to any resolution and shall have no liability to any Holder or Beneficial Owner for not having demanded voting on a poll basis.

Neither the Depositary nor the Custodian shall, under any circumstances exercise any discretion as to voting, and neither the Depositary nor the Custodian shall vote, attempt to exercise the right to vote, or in any way make use of for purposes of establishing a quorum or otherwise, Deposited Securities represented by ADSs except pursuant to and in accordance with such written instructions from Holders, including the deemed instruction to the Depositary to give a discretionary proxy to a person designated by the Company.  Deposited Securities represented by ADSs for which (i) no timely voting instructions are received by the Depositary from the Holder, or (ii) timely voting instructions are received by the Depositary from the Holder but such voting instructions fail to specify the manner in which the Depositary is to vote the Deposited Securities represented by such Holder’s ADSs, shall be voted in the manner provided in this Article (15). Notwithstanding anything else contained herein, and subject to applicable law, regulation and the Articles of Association, the Depositary shall, if so requested in writing by the Company, represent all Deposited Securities (whether or not voting instructions have been received in respect of such Deposited Securities from Holders as of the ADS Record Date) for the purpose of establishing quorum at a meeting of shareholders.

There can be no assurance that Holders or Beneficial Owners generally or any Holder or Beneficial Owner in particular will receive the notice described above with sufficient time to enable the Holder to return voting instructions to the Depositary in a timely manner.

Notwithstanding the above, save for applicable provisions of the law of the Netherlands, and in accordance with the terms of Section 5.3 of the Deposit Agreement, the Depositary shall not be liable for any failure to carry out any instructions to vote any of the Deposited Securities or the manner in which such vote is cast or the effect of such vote.
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(16)          Changes Affecting Deposited Securities.  Upon any change in par value, split‑up, subdivision, cancellation, consolidation or any other reclassification of Deposited Securities, or upon any recapitalization, reorganization, merger, amalgamation or consolidation or sale of assets affecting the Company or to which it otherwise is a party, any securities which shall be received by the Depositary or a Custodian in exchange for, or in conversion of or replacement or otherwise in respect of, such Deposited Securities shall, to the extent permitted by law, be treated as new Deposited Securities under the Deposit Agreement, and the Receipts shall, subject to the provisions of the Deposit Agreement and applicable law, evidence ADSs representing the right to receive such additional securities. Alternatively, the Depositary may, with the Company’s approval, and shall, if the Company shall so requests, subject to the terms of the Deposit Agreement and receipt of satisfactory documentation contemplated by the Deposit Agreement, execute and deliver additional Receipts as in the case of a stock dividend on the Shares, or call for the surrender of outstanding Receipts to be exchanged for new Receipts, in either case, as well as in the event of newly deposited Shares, with necessary modifications to this form of Receipt specifically describing such new Deposited Securities and/or corporate change. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that any security so received may not be lawfully distributed to some or all Holders, the Depositary may, with the Company’s approval, and shall if the Company requests, subject to receipt of satisfactory legal documentation contemplated in the Deposit Agreement, sell such securities at public or private sale, at such place or places and upon such terms as it may deem proper and may allocate the net proceeds of such sales (net of fees and charges of, and expenses incurred by, the Depositary and/or a division or Affiliate(s) of the Depositary and taxes and/or governmental charges) for the account of the Holders otherwise entitled to such securities and distribute the net proceeds so allocated to the extent practicable as in the case of a distribution received in cash pursuant to the Deposit Agreement. The Depositary shall not be responsible for (i) any failure to determine that it may be lawful or feasible to make such securities available to Holders in general or any Holder in particular, (ii) any foreign exchange exposure or loss incurred in connection with such sale, or (iii) any liability to the purchaser of such securities.

(17)          Exoneration.  None of the Depositary, the Custodian or the Company shall be obligated to do or perform any act which is inconsistent with the provisions of the Deposit Agreement or shall incur any liability to Holders, Beneficial Owners or any third parties (i) if the Depositary, the Custodian or the Company or their respective controlling persons or agents shall be prevented or forbidden from, or subjected to any civil or criminal penalty or restraint on account of, or delayed in, doing or performing any act or thing required by the terms of the Deposit Agreement and this Receipt, by reason of any provision of any present or future law or regulation of the United States, the Netherlands or any other country, or of any other governmental authority or regulatory authority or stock exchange, or by reason of any provision, present or future of the Articles of Association or any provision of or governing any Deposited Securities, or by reason of any act of God or war or other circumstances beyond its control, (including, without limitation, nationalization, expropriation, currency restrictions, work stoppage, strikes, civil unrest, revolutions, rebellions, explosions, epidemics, pandemics and computer failure), (ii) by reason of any exercise of, or failure to exercise, any discretion provided for in the Deposit Agreement or in the Articles of Association or provisions of or governing Deposited Securities, (iii) for any action or inaction of the Depositary, the Custodian or the Company or their respective controlling persons or agents in reliance upon the advice of or information from legal counsel, accountants, any person presenting Shares for deposit, any Holder, any Beneficial Owner or authorized representative thereof, or any other person believed by it in good faith to be competent to give such advice or information, (iv) for any inability by a Holder or Beneficial Owner to benefit from any distribution, offering, right or other benefit which is made available to holders of Deposited Securities but is not, under the terms of the Deposit Agreement, made available to Holders of ADSs or (v) for any special, consequential, indirect or punitive damages for any breach of the terms of the Deposit Agreement or otherwise.  The Depositary, its controlling persons, its agents (including without limitation, the Agents), any Custodian and the Company, its controlling persons and its agents may rely and shall be protected in acting upon any written notice, request, opinion or other document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties.  No disclaimer of liability under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act is intended by any provision of the Deposit Agreement.
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(18)          Standard of Care.  The Company and the Depositary and their respective directors, officers, Affiliates, employees and agents (including without limitation, the Agents) assume no obligation and shall not be subject to any liability under the Deposit Agreement or the Receipts to Holders or Beneficial Owners or other persons, except in accordance with Section 5.8 of the Deposit Agreement, provided, that the Company and the Depositary and their respective directors, officers, Affiliates, employees and agents (including without limitation, the Agents) agree to perform their respective obligations specifically set forth in the Deposit Agreement without gross negligence or wilful misconduct.  The Depositary and its directors, officers, Affiliates, employees and agents (including without limitation, the Agents) shall not be liable for any failure to carry out any instructions to vote any of the Deposited Securities, or for the manner in which any vote is cast or the effect of any vote.  The Depositary shall not incur any liability for any failure to determine that any distribution or action may be lawful or reasonably practicable, for the content of any information submitted to it by the Company for distribution to the Holders or for any inaccuracy of any translation thereof, for any investment risk associated with acquiring an interest in the Deposited Securities, for the validity or worth of the Deposited Securities or for any tax consequences that may result from the ownership of ADSs, Shares or Deposited Securities, for the credit‑worthiness of any third party, for allowing any rights to lapse upon the terms of the Deposit Agreement or for the failure or timeliness of any notice from the Company or for any action or non-action by it in reliance upon the opinion, advice of or information from legal counsel, accountants, any person presenting Shares for deposit, any Holder or any other person believed by it in good faith to be competent to give such advice or information. The Depositary and its agents (including without limitation, the Agents) shall not be liable for any acts or omissions made by a successor depositary whether in connection with a previous act or omission of the Depositary or in connection with any matter arising wholly after the removal or resignation of the Depositary, provided that in connection with the issue out of which such potential liability arises the Depositary performed its obligations without gross negligence or willful misconduct while it acted as Depositary.
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(19)          Resignation and Removal of the Depositary; Appointment of Successor Depositary.  The Depositary may at any time resign as Depositary under the Deposit Agreement by written notice of resignation delivered to the Company, such resignation to be effective on the earlier of (i) the 90th day after delivery thereof to the Company (whereupon the Depositary shall, in the event no successor depositary has been appointed by the Company, be entitled to take the actions contemplated in the Deposit Agreement), or (ii) the appointment of a successor depositary and its acceptance of such appointment as provided in the Deposit Agreement, save that, any amounts, fees, costs or expenses owed to the Depositary under the Deposit Agreement or in accordance with any other agreements otherwise agreed in writing between the Company and the Depositary from time to time shall be paid to the Depositary prior to such resignation. The Company shall use reasonable efforts to appoint such successor depositary, and give notice to the Depositary of such appointment, not more than 90 days after delivery by the Depositary of written notice of resignation as provided in the Deposit Agreement.  The Depositary may at any time be removed by the Company by written notice of such removal which notice shall be effective on the later of (i) the 90th day after delivery thereof to the Depositary (whereupon the Depositary shall be entitled to take the actions contemplated in the Deposit Agreement if a successor depositary has not been appointed), or (ii) the appointment of a successor depositary and its acceptance of such appointment as provided in the Deposit Agreement save that, any amounts, fees, costs or expenses owed to the Depositary under the Deposit Agreement or in accordance with any other agreements otherwise agreed in writing between the Company and the Depositary from time to time shall be paid to the Depositary prior to such removal. In case at any time the Depositary acting hereunder shall resign or be removed, the Company shall use its best efforts to appoint a successor depositary which shall be a bank or trust company having an office in the Borough of Manhattan, the City of New York and if it shall have not appointed a successor depositary the provisions referred to in Article (21) hereof and correspondingly in the Deposit Agreement shall apply. Every successor depositary shall be required by the Company to execute and deliver to its predecessor and to the Company an instrument in writing accepting its appointment hereunder, and thereupon such successor depositary, without any further act or deed, shall become fully vested with all the rights, powers, duties and obligations of its predecessor.  The predecessor depositary, upon payment of all sums due to it and on the written request of the Company, shall (i) execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such successor all rights and powers of such predecessor hereunder (other than as contemplated in the Deposit Agreement), (ii) duly assign, transfer and deliver all right, title and interest to the Deposited Securities to such successor, and (iii) deliver to such successor a list of the Holders of all outstanding Receipts and such other information relating to Receipts and Holders thereof as the successor may reasonably request. Any such successor depositary shall promptly mail notice of its appointment to such Holders.  Any corporation into or with which the Depositary may be merged or consolidated shall be the successor of the Depositary without the execution or filing of any document or any further act and, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Deposit Agreement, the Depositary may assign or otherwise transfer all or any of its rights and benefits under the Deposit Agreement (including any cause of action arising in connection with it) to Deutsche Bank AG or any branch thereof or any entity which is a direct or indirect subsidiary or other affiliate of Deutsche Bank AG.

(20)          Amendment/Supplement.  Subject to the terms and conditions of this Article (20), and applicable law, this Receipt and any provisions of the Deposit Agreement may at any time and from time to time be amended or supplemented by written agreement between the Company and the Depositary in any respect which they may deem necessary or desirable without the consent of the Holders or Beneficial Owners. Any amendment or supplement which shall impose or increase any fees or charges (other than the charges of the Depositary in connection with foreign exchange control regulations, and taxes and/or other governmental charges, delivery and other such expenses), or which shall otherwise materially prejudice any substantial existing right of Holders or Beneficial Owners, shall not, however, become effective as to outstanding Receipts until 30 days after notice of such amendment or supplement shall have been given to the Holders of outstanding Receipts. Notice of any amendment to the Deposit Agreement or form of Receipts shall not need to describe in detail the specific amendments effectuated thereby, and failure to describe the specific amendments in any such notice shall not render such notice invalid, provided, however, that, in each such case, the notice given to the Holders identifies a means for Holders and Beneficial Owners to retrieve or receive the text of such amendment (i.e., upon retrieval from the Commission’s, the Depositary’s or the Company’s website or upon request from the Depositary). The parties hereto agree that any amendments or supplements which (i) are reasonably necessary (as agreed by the Company and the Depositary) in order for (a) the ADSs to be registered on Form F‑6 under the Securities Act or (b) the ADSs or Shares to be traded solely in electronic book‑entry form and (ii) do not in either such case impose or increase any fees or charges to be borne by Holders, shall be deemed not to materially prejudice any substantial rights of Holders or Beneficial Owners. Every Holder and Beneficial Owner at the time any amendment or supplement so becomes effective shall be deemed, by continuing to hold such ADS, to consent and agree to such amendment or supplement and to be bound by the Deposit Agreement as amended or supplemented thereby. In no event shall any amendment or supplement impair the right of the Holder to surrender such Receipt and receive therefor the Deposited Securities represented thereby, except in order to comply with mandatory provisions of applicable law. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if any governmental body should adopt new laws, rules or regulations which would require amendment or supplement of the Deposit Agreement to ensure compliance therewith, the Company and the Depositary may amend or supplement the Deposit Agreement and the Receipt at any time in accordance with such changed laws, rules or regulations. Such amendment or supplement to the Deposit Agreement in such circumstances may become effective before a notice of such amendment or supplement is given to Holders or within any other period of time as required for compliance with such laws, or rules or regulations.
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(21)          Termination.  The Depositary shall, at any time at the written direction of the Company, terminate the Deposit Agreement by mailing notice of such termination to the Holders of all Receipts then outstanding at least 90 days prior to the date fixed in such notice for such termination provided that, the Depositary shall be reimbursed for any amounts, fees, costs or expenses owed to it in accordance with the terms of the Deposit Agreement and in accordance with any other agreements as otherwise agreed in writing between the Company and the Depositary from time to time, prior to such termination shall take effect. If 90 days shall have expired after (i) the Depositary shall have delivered to the Company a written notice of its election to resign, or (ii) the Company shall have delivered to the Depositary a written notice of the removal of the Depositary, and in either case a successor depositary shall not have been appointed and accepted its appointment as provided herein and in the Deposit Agreement, the Depositary may terminate the Deposit Agreement by mailing notice of such termination to the Holders of all Receipts then outstanding at least 30 days prior to the date fixed for such termination. On and after the date of termination of the Deposit Agreement, each Holder will, upon surrender of such Holder’s Receipt at the Corporate Trust Office of the Depositary, upon the payment of the charges of the Depositary for the surrender of Receipts referred to in Article (2) hereof and in the Deposit Agreement and subject to the conditions and restrictions therein set forth, and upon payment of any applicable taxes and/or governmental charges, be entitled to delivery, to him or upon his order, of the amount of Deposited Securities represented by such Receipt. If any Receipts shall remain outstanding after the date of termination of the Deposit Agreement, the Registrar thereafter shall discontinue the registration of transfers of Receipts, and the Depositary shall suspend the distribution of dividends to the Holders thereof, and shall not give any further notices or perform any further acts under the Deposit Agreement, except that the Depositary shall continue to collect dividends and other distributions pertaining to Deposited Securities, shall sell rights or other property as provided in the Deposit Agreement, and shall continue to deliver Deposited Securities, subject to the conditions and restrictions set forth in the Deposit Agreement, together with any dividends or other distributions received with respect thereto and the net proceeds of the sale of any rights or other property, in exchange for Receipts surrendered to the Depositary (after deducting, or charging, as the case may be, in each case the charges of the Depositary for the surrender of a Receipt, any expenses for the account of the Holder in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Deposit Agreement and any applicable taxes and/or governmental charges or assessments). At any time after the expiration of six months from the date of termination of the Deposit Agreement, the Depositary may sell the Deposited Securities then held hereunder and may thereafter hold uninvested the net proceeds of any such sale, together with any other cash then held by it hereunder, in an unsegregated account, without liability for interest for the pro rata benefit of the Holders of Receipts whose Receipts have not theretofore been surrendered. After making such sale, the Depositary shall be discharged from all obligations under the Deposit Agreement with respect to the Receipts and the Shares, Deposited Securities and ADSs, except to account for such net proceeds and other cash (after deducting, or charging, as the case may be, in each case the charges of the Depositary for the surrender of a Receipt, any expenses for the account of the Holder in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Deposit Agreement and any applicable taxes and/or governmental charges or assessments) and except as set forth in the Deposit Agreement. Upon the termination of the Deposit Agreement, the Company shall be discharged from all obligations under the Deposit Agreement except as set forth in the Deposit Agreement. The obligations under the terms of the Deposit Agreement and Receipts of Holders and Beneficial Owners of ADSs outstanding as of the effective date of any termination shall survive such effective date of termination and shall be discharged only when the applicable ADSs are presented by their Holders to the Depositary for cancellation under the terms of the Deposit Agreement and the Holders have each satisfied any and all of their obligations hereunder (including, but not limited to, any payment and/or reimbursement obligations which relate to prior to the effective date of termination but which payment and/or reimbursement is claimed after such effective date of termination).
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Notwithstanding anything contained in the Deposit Agreement or any ADR, in connection with the termination of the Deposit Agreement, the Depositary may, independently and without the need for any action by the Company, make available to Holders of ADSs a means to withdraw the Deposited Securities represented by their ADSs and to direct the deposit of such Deposited Securities into an unsponsored American depositary shares program established by the Depositary, upon such terms and conditions as the Depositary may deem reasonably appropriate, subject however, in each case, to satisfaction of the applicable registration requirements by the unsponsored American depositary shares program under the Securities Act, and to receipt by the Depositary of payment of the applicable fees and charges of, and reimbursement of the applicable expenses incurred by, the Depositary.

(22)          Compliance with U.S. Securities Laws; Regulatory Compliance.  Notwithstanding any provisions in this Receipt or the Deposit Agreement to the contrary, the withdrawal or Delivery of Deposited Securities will not be suspended by the Company or the Depositary except as would be permitted by Section I.A.(1) of the General Instructions to Form F‑6 Registration Statement, as amended from time to time, under the Securities Act.

 (23)          Certain Rights of the Depositary. The Depositary, its Affiliates and their agents, on their own behalf, may own and deal in any class of securities of the Company and its Affiliates and in ADSs. The Depositary may issue ADSs against evidence of rights to receive Shares from the Company, any agent of the Company or any custodian, registrar, transfer agent, clearing agency or other entity involved in ownership or transaction records in respect of the Shares.
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 (24)          Ownership Restrictions.  Owners and Beneficial Owners shall comply with any limitations on ownership of Shares under the Articles of Association or applicable Dutch law and the rules and regulations of any exchange or listing authority on which the Shares or ADSs are listed as if they held the number of Shares their American Depositary Shares represent.  The Company shall inform the Owners, Beneficial Owners and the Depositary of any such ownership restrictions in place from time to time.

(25)          Waiver. EACH PARTY TO THE DEPOSIT AGREEMENT (INCLUDING, FOR AVOIDANCE OF DOUBT, EACH HOLDER AND BENEFICIAL OWNER AND/OR HOLDER OF INTERESTS IN ANY ADRs) HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING AGAINST THE DEPOSITARY AND/OR THE COMPANY DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THE SHARES OR OTHER DEPOSITED SECURITIES, THE ADSs OR THE ADRs, THE DEPOSIT AGREEMENT OR ANY TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED HEREIN OR THEREIN, OR THE BREACH HEREOF OR THEREOF (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT, COMMON LAW OR ANY OTHER THEORY).

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(ASSIGNMENT AND TRANSFER SIGNATURE LINES)

FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned Holder hereby sell(s), assign(s) and transfer(s) unto ______________________________ whose taxpayer identification number is _______________________ and whose address including postal zip code is ____________________________, the within Receipt and all rights thereunder, hereby irrevocably constituting and appointing ________________________ attorney‑in‑fact to transfer said Receipt on the books of the Depositary with full power of substitution in the premises.

Dated:
  Name:
 
 
By:
 
 
Title:
 
 
 
NOTICE: The signature of the Holder to this assignment must correspond with the name as written upon the face of the within instrument in every particular, without alteration or enlargement or any change whatsoever.

If the endorsement be executed by an attorney, executor, administrator, trustee or guardian, the person executing the endorsement must give his/her full title in such capacity and proper evidence of authority to act in such capacity, if not on file with the Depositary, must be forwarded with this Receipt.
 
 
 

SIGNATURE GUARANTEED

________________________

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ARTICLE I.
DEFINITIONS
1
       
 
SECTION 1.1
“ADS Record Date”
1
 
SECTION 1.2
“Affiliate”
1
 
SECTION 1.3
“Agent”
2
 
SECTION 1.4
“American Depositary Share(s)” and “ADS(s)”
2
 
SECTION 1.5
“Article”
2
 
SECTION 1.6
“Articles of Association”
2
 
SECTION 1.7
“Beneficial Owner”
2
 
SECTION 1.8
“Business Day”
2
 
SECTION 1.9
“Commission”
2
 
SECTION 1.10
“Company”
2
 
SECTION 1.11
“Corporate Trust Office”
2
 
SECTION 1.12
“Custodian”
2
 
SECTION 1.13
“Deliver” and “Delivery”
3
 
SECTION 1.14
“Deposit Agreement”
3
 
SECTION 1.15
“Depositary”
3
 
SECTION 1.16
“Deposited Securities”
3
 
SECTION 1.17
“Dollars” and “$”
3
 
SECTION 1.18
“DRS/Profile”
3
 
SECTION 1.19
“DTC”
3
 
SECTION 1.20
“DTC Participants”
 
 
SECTION 1.21
“Exchange Act”
3
 
SECTION 1.22
“Foreign Currency”
3
 
SECTION 1.23
“Foreign Registrar”
3
 
SECTION 1.24
“Holder”
4
 
SECTION 1.25
“Indemnified Person” and “Indemnifying Person”
4
 
SECTION 1.26
“Losses”
4
 
SECTION 1.27
“Management Board”
4
 
SECTION 1.28
“Opinion of Counsel”
4
 
SECTION 1.29
“Receipt(s)
4
 
SECTION 1.30
“Registrar”
4
 
SECTION 1.31
“Restricted Securities”
4
 
SECTION 1.32
“Securities Act”
4
 
SECTION 1.33
“Share(s)”
4
 
SECTION 1.34
“Supervisory Board” or “U.S.”
5
 
SECTION 1.35
“United States” or “U.S.”
5
       
ARTICLE II.
APPOINTMENT OF DEPOSITARY; FORM OF RECEIPT; DEPOSIT OF SHARES; EXECUTION AND DELIVERY, TRANSFER AND SURRENDER OF RECEIPTS
5
       
 
SECTION 2.1
Appointment of Depositary
5
 
SECTION 2.2
Form and Transferability of Receipts
5
 
SECTION 2.3
Deposits
6
 
SECTION 2.4
Execution and Delivery of Receipts
8
 
SECTION 2.5
Transfer of Receipts; Combination and Split‑up of Receipts
8
 
SECTION 2.6
Surrender of Receipts and Withdrawal of Deposited Securities
9
 
SECTION 2.7
Limitations on Execution and Delivery, Transfer, etc. of Receipts; Suspension of Delivery, Transfer, etc.
10
 
SECTION 2.8
Lost Receipts, etc.
11
62

 
SECTION 2.9
Cancellation and Destruction of Surrendered Receipts
11
 
SECTION 2.10
Maintenance of Records
11
       
ARTICLE III.
CERTAIN OBLIGATIONS OF HOLDERS AND BENEFICIAL OWNERS OF RECEIPTS
11
       
 
SECTION 3.1
Proofs, Certificates and Other Information
11
 
SECTION 3.2
Liability for Taxes and Other Charges
12
 
SECTION 3.3
Representations and Warranties on Deposit of Shares
12
 
SECTION 3.4
Compliance with Information Requests
13
       
ARTICLE IV
THE DEPOSITED SECURITIES.
13
       
 
SECTION 4.1
Cash Distributions
13
 
SECTION 4.2
Distribution in Shares
14
 
SECTION 4.3
Elective Distributions in Cash or Shares
15
 
SECTION 4.4
Distribution of Rights to Purchase Shares
15
 
SECTION 4.5
Distributions Other Than Cash, Shares or Rights to Purchase Shares
17
 
SECTION 4.6
Conversion of Foreign Currency
18
 
SECTION 4.7
Fixing of Record Date
19
 
SECTION 4.8
Voting of Deposited Securities
19
 
SECTION 4.9
Changes Affecting Deposited Securities
21
 
SECTION 4.10
Available Information
21
 
SECTION 4.11
Reports
22
 
SECTION 4.12
List of Holders
22
 
SECTION 4.13
Taxation; Withholding
22
       
ARTICLE V.
THE DEPOSITARY, THE CUSTODIAN AND THE COMPANY
23
       
 
SECTION 5.1
Maintenance of Office and Transfer Books by the Registrar
23
 
SECTION 5.2
Exoneration
24
 
SECTION 5.3
Standard of Care
25
 
SECTION 5.4
Resignation and Removal of the Depositary; Appointment of Successor Depositary
26
 
SECTION 5.5
The Custodian
27
 
SECTION 5.6
Notices and Reports
27
 
SECTION 5.7
Issuance of Additional Shares, ADSs etc.
28
 
SECTION 5.8
Indemnification
29
 
SECTION 5.9
Fees and Charges of Depositary
30
 
SECTION 5.10
Restricted Securities Owners/Ownership Restrictions
31
       
ARTICLE VI.
AMENDMENT AND TERMINATION
32
       
 
SECTION 6.1
Amendment/Supplement
32
 
SECTION 6.2
Termination
33
       
ARTICLE VII.
MISCELLANEOUS
34
       
 
SECTION 7.1
Counterparts
34
 
SECTION 7.2
No Third‑Party Beneficiaries
34
 
SECTION 7.3
Severability
34
 
SECTION 7.4
Holders and Beneficial Owners as Parties; Binding Effect
34
 
SECTION 7.5
Notices
35
 
SECTION 7.6
Governing Law and Jurisdiction
35
 
SECTION 7.7
Assignment
37
63

 
SECTION 7.8
Agents
37
 
SECTION 7.9
Affiliates etc
37
 
SECTION 7.10
Exclusivity
38
 
SECTION 7.11
Compliance with U.S. Securities Laws
38
 
SECTION 7.12
Titles
38
EXHIBIT A


40
EXHIBIT B


49


64

Exhibit 4.3

 

EXECUTION VERSION

 

 

Dated 25 January 2019

 

TAKEAWAY.COM N.V.

 

as Issuer

 

and

 

STICHTING TRUSTEE TAKEAWAY.COM

 

as Trustee

 

TRUST DEED

 

constituting

€250,000,000 2.25 per cent. Senior Unsecured Convertible Bonds due 2024

 

Linklaters

 

Ref: BJD/CD

 

Linklaters LLP

  

 

 

Table of Contents

 

  Contents Page
     
1 Interpretation 3
     
2 Amount of the Original Bonds and Covenant to pay 7
     
3 Form of the Original Bonds 8
     
4 Stamp Duties and Taxes 8
     
5 Further Issues 9
     
6 Application of Moneys received by the Trustee 10
     
7 Covenant to Comply 11
     
8 Covenants relating to Conversion Rights and Investor Cash Settlement Rights 11
     
9 Covenants 12
     
10 Remuneration and Indemnification of the Trustee 14
     
11 Proceedings and Actions by the Trustee 15
     
12 Trustee’s Rights and Obligations 16
     
13 Modification, Waiver and Proof of Default 21
     
14 Trustee not precluded from entering into Contracts 21
     
15 Appointment, Retirement and Removal of the Trustee: 21
     
16 Currency Indemnity 23
     
17 Communications 24
     
18 No rescission 24
     
19 Governing Law and Jurisdiction 24
     
20 Counterparts 25
     
  SCHEDULE 1 Terms and Conditions of the Bonds 26
     
  SCHEDULE 2 Form of Original Individual Certificate 69
     
  SCHEDULE 3 Form of Original Global Bond Certificate 73
     
  SCHEDULE 4 Provisions for Meetings of Bondholders 77
     
  SCHEDULE 5 Form of Directors’ Certificate 83

 

 

2 

 

 

This Trust Deed is made on 25 January 2019 between:

 

(1) TAKEAWAY.COM N.V., a limited liability company (naamloze vennootschap) incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands, having its corporate seat (statutaire zetel) in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and its office at Oosterdoksstraat 80, 1011 DK Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and registered with the trade register of the chamber of commerce under number 08142836, as issuer (the “Issuer”); and

 

(2) STICHTING TRUSTEE TAKEAWAY.COM, a foundation (stichting) incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands, having its corporate seat (statutaire zetel) in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, with its office at Hoogoorddreef 15, 1101 BA Amsterdam, and registered with the trade register of the chamber of commerce under number 73734675, as trustee (the “Trustee”, which expression shall, where the context so admits, include all persons for the time being the trustee or trustees of this Trust Deed).

 

Whereas:

 

(A) The Issuer has by resolutions of (i) its management board passed on 17 January 2019, (ii) its supervisory board passed on 17 January 2019 and (iii) the convertible pricing committee established by the management board passed on 18 January 2019, authorised the issue of €250,000,000 2.25 per cent. Senior Unsecured Convertible Bonds due 2024 to be constituted by this Trust Deed and, following satisfaction of the Share Settlement Condition, the issue of the Shares on conversion of the Bonds.

 

(B) The Trustee has agreed to act as trustee of this Trust Deed on the following terms and conditions.

 

This Deed witnesses and it is declared as follows:

 

1 Interpretation

 

1.1 Definitions: The following expressions shall have the following meanings:

 

Agents” means, in relation to the Original Bonds, the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, the Registrar and any other paying and conversion agent appointed pursuant to the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement (and “Agent” means any one of them) and, in relation to any Further Bonds, means any agent or registrar appointed in relation to them;

 

Bondholder” and “holder” mean, in relation to a Bond, the person in whose name the Bond is registered in the Bonds Register;

 

Bonds” means the Original Bonds and/or, as the context may require, any Further Bonds except that in Schedules 2 and 3 “Bonds” means the Original Bonds;

 

Bonds Register” has the meaning specified in Section 14 of the Conditions;

 

Business Day” means a calendar day other than a Saturday or a Sunday which in Amsterdam is neither a public holiday nor a calendar day on which banking institutions are closed;

 

Certification Date” has the meaning specified in Clause 9.5;

 

Clearstream, Luxembourg” means Clearstream Banking S.A.;

 

Conditions” means, in relation to the Original Bonds, the terms and conditions set out in Schedule 1 and, in relation to any Further Bonds, the terms and conditions relating to such Further Bonds (which may, for the avoidance of doubt, be the terms and conditions set out in Schedule 1) as any of the same may from time to time be modified in accordance with this Trust Deed, and, with respect to any Bonds evidenced by a Global Bond Certificate, as modified by the provisions of such Global Bond Certificate and references in this Trust Deed to a particular numbered Section of the Conditions shall be construed accordingly and, in relation to any Further Bonds, as a reference to the provision (if any) in the Conditions thereof which corresponds to the particular Section of the Conditions of the Original Bonds;

 

 

 

  

Consolidated Financial Statements” means the Issuer’s audited consolidated annual financial statements or its unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements, as the case may be, including the relevant accounting policies and notes to the accounts and in each case prepared in accordance with IFRS from time to time;

 

Contractual Currency” has the meaning specified in Clause 16.1;

 

Conversion Price” has the meaning specified in Section 5.1(a) of the Conditions;

 

Conversion Rights” has the meaning specified in Section 5.1(a) of the Conditions;

 

Euroclear” means Euroclear Bank SA/NV;

 

Event of Default” means any of the events described in Section 8 of the Conditions;

 

Extraordinary Resolution” has the meaning set out in Schedule 4;

 

Further Bonds” means any further Bonds issued in accordance with the provisions of Clause 5 and the Conditions and constituted by a deed supplemental to this Trust Deed;

 

Global Bond Certificate” means the Original Global Bond Certificate and/or as the context may require any other global bond certificate evidencing Further Bonds or any of them except that in Schedule 3 Global Bond Certificate means the Original Global Bond Certificate;

 

a “holding company” of a company or a corporation means any company or corporation of which the first mentioned company or corporation is a subsidiary;

 

IFRS” means the international accounting standards within the meaning of the IAS Regulation 1606/2002 to the extent applicable to the relevant financial statements, as amended;

 

Individual Certificates” means the Original Individual Certificates and/or as the context may require any other individual certificates evidencing Further Bonds or any of them;

 

Investor Cash Settlement Rights” has the meaning specified in Section 5.1(a) of the Conditions;

 

Liability” and “Liabilities” mean any loss, damage, cost, charge, claim, demand, expense, judgment, action, proceeding or other liability whatsoever (including, without limitation, in respect of taxes, duties, levies, imposts and other charges) and including any value added tax or similar tax charged or chargeable in respect thereof and legal fees and expenses on a full indemnity basis;

 

Original Bonds” means the bonds in or substantially in the form set out in Schedule 2 comprising the €250,000,000 2.25 per cent. Senior Unsecured Convertible Bonds due 2024 constituted by this Trust Deed and for the time being outstanding or, as the context may require, a specific number of them and includes any replacement Bonds issued pursuant to the Conditions and (except for the purposes of Clauses 3.1 and 3.2) the Global Bond Certificate;

 

 

 

 

Original Bondholders” means, in relation to an Original Bond, the person in whose name the Original Bond is registered in the Bonds Register;

 

Original Individual Certificates” means those Original Bonds for the time being evidenced by definitive certificates in the form or substantially in the form set out in Schedule 2 and in accordance with Section 1.1 of the Conditions;

 

Original Global Bond Certificate” means the global bond certificate in registered form which will evidence the Original Bonds, substantially in the form set out in Schedule 3, and evidencing the registration of the person named therein in the Bonds Register;

 

outstanding” means, in relation to the Bonds, all the Bonds issued except (a) those which have been redeemed in accordance with the Conditions, (b) those in respect of which Conversion Rights have been exercised and all the obligations of the Issuer to issue or transfer and deliver Shares have been performed in relation thereto, (c) those in respect of which Investor Cash Settlement Rights have been exercised and all the obligations of the Issuer to pay the relevant Cash Alternative Amount have been satisfied, (d) those in respect of which the date for redemption has occurred and the redemption moneys (including all interest accrued on such Bonds to the date for such redemption and any interest payable under the Conditions after such date) have been duly paid to the relevant Bondholder or on its behalf or to the Trustee or to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent as provided in Clause 2 and remain available for payment against surrender of Bonds (if so required), as the case may be, (e) those which have become void or those in respect of which claims have become prescribed, (f) those mutilated or defaced Bonds which have been surrendered in exchange for replacement Bonds (if so required), (g) those which have been purchased and cancelled as provided in the Conditions and (h) the Global Bond Certificate to the extent that it shall have been exchanged for interests in another Global Bond Certificate and any certificate to the extent that it shall have been exchanged for Individual Certificates pursuant to its provisions;

 

Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement” means, in relation to the Original Bonds, the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement dated on or about the date hereof, as altered from time to time, between the Issuer, the Trustee, the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, and the Registrar whereby the initial Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent and the Registrar were appointed in relation to the Original Bonds and includes any other agreements approved in writing by the Trustee (such approval not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed) appointing Successor Agents amending or modifying any of such agreements;

 

Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent” means, in relation to the Original Bonds, ABN AMRO Bank N.V. at its specified office, in its capacity as Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent (in respect of the Original Bonds) and, in relation to any Further Bonds, the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent appointed in respect of such Further Bonds and, in each case, any Successor Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent;

 

Proceedings” has the meaning specified in Clause 19.2;

 

Registrar” means Bank of America Merrill Lynch International Designated Activity Company at its specified office, in its capacity as Registrar and any Successor Registrar;

 

 

 

 

Shares” has the meaning specified in Section 14 of the Conditions;

 

specified office” means, in relation to any Agent, either the office identified with its name in Section 15.7 of the Conditions or any other office approved by the Trustee and notified to the Bondholders pursuant to Clause 9.11;

 

Subsidiary” has the meaning specified in Section 14 of the Conditions;

 

Successor” means, in relation to the Agents, such other or further person as may from time to time be appointed by the Issuer as an Agent with the prior written approval of, and on terms approved in writing by, the Trustee (such approval not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed) and notice of whose appointment is given to Bondholders pursuant to Clause 9.11; and

 

this Trust Deed” means this Trust Deed, the Schedules (as from time to time amended, modified and/or supplemented in accordance with this Trust Deed) and any other document executed in accordance with this Trust Deed (as from time to time so altered) and expressed to be supplemental to this Trust Deed.

 

1.2 Construction of Certain References:

 

References to:

 

1.2.1 costs, charges, remuneration or expenses shall include any value added tax, turnover tax or similar tax charged in respect thereof;

 

1.2.2 euro” and “” means the currency introduced at the start of the third stage of European economic and monetary union pursuant to the Treaty establishing the European Community, as amended;

 

1.2.3 any action, remedy or method of judicial proceedings for the enforcement of rights of creditors shall include, in respect of any jurisdiction other than the Netherlands, references to such action, remedy or method of judicial proceedings for the enforcement of rights of creditors available or appropriate in such jurisdiction as shall most nearly approximate thereto;

 

1.2.4 any provision of any statute shall be deemed also to refer to any statutory modification or re-enactment thereof or any statutory instrument, order or regulation made thereunder or under such modification or re-enactment;

 

1.2.5 such approval not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed” or like references shall mean, when used in this Trust Deed, the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement or the Conditions, in relation to the Trustee that, in determining whether to give consent or approval, the Trustee shall have due regard to the interests of Bondholders and any determination as to whether or not its consent or approval is unreasonably withheld or delayed shall be made on that basis; and

 

1.2.6 references in this Trust Deed to “reasonable” or “reasonably” and similar expressions relating to the Trustee and any exercise of power, opinion, determination or other similar matter shall be construed as meaning reasonable or reasonably (as the case may be) having due regard to, and taking into account the interests of, the Bondholders.

 

1.3 Conditions: Words and expressions defined in the Conditions and not defined in the main body of this Trust Deed shall when used in this Trust Deed (including the recitals) have the same meanings as are given to them in the Conditions.

 

 

 

 

1.4 Headings: Headings shall be ignored in construing this Trust Deed.

 

1.5 Schedules: The Schedules are part of this Trust Deed and shall have effect accordingly.

 

1.6 Modification etc. of Statutes: References to a statutory provision include that provision as from time to time modified or re-enacted whether before or after the date of this Trust Deed.

 

1.7 Certificates: Where a director of the Issuer is required pursuant to the provisions of this Trust Deed to sign a certificate, any such certificate shall be given for and on behalf of the Issuer and the relevant director shall have no personal liability therefor.

 

2 Amount of the Original Bonds and Covenant to pay

 

2.1 Amount of the Original Bonds: The aggregate principal amount of the Original Bonds is limited to €250,000,000.

 

2.2 Covenant to pay: Unless previously redeemed, converted, settled or purchased and cancelled as provided for in the Conditions, the Issuer will, on any date when any Original Bonds become due to be redeemed, in accordance with this Trust Deed or the Conditions, unconditionally pay (or procure to be paid) to or to the order of the Trustee in euro in same day funds the principal amount of the Original Bonds or such other amount as provided in the Conditions becoming due for redemption on that date and will (subject to the Conditions) until such payment (both before and after judgment) unconditionally so pay or procure to be paid to or to the order of the Trustee interest on the principal amount of the Original Bonds outstanding as set out in the Conditions provided that:

 

2.2.1 subject to the provisions of Clause 2.4, payment of any sum due in respect of the Original Bonds made to or to the account of the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent as provided in the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement shall, to that extent, satisfy such obligation except to the extent that there is failure in its subsequent payment to the relevant Original Bondholders under the Conditions; and

 

2.2.2 a payment made after the due date or pursuant to Section 8 of the Conditions will be deemed to have been made when the full amount due has been received by the Trustee or the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent and notice to that effect has been given to the Original Bondholders (if required under Clause 9.6), except to the extent that there is a failure in the subsequent payment to the relevant holders under the Conditions.

 

2.3 Discharge: Subject to Clause 2.4, any payment to be made in respect of the Bonds by the Issuer or the Trustee may be made as provided in the Conditions and any payment so made will (subject to Clause 2.4) to such extent be a good discharge to the Issuer or the Trustee, as the case may be.

 

2.4 Payment after a Default: At any time after an Event of Default has occurred, the Trustee may:

 

2.4.1 by notice in writing to the Issuer and the Agents, require the Agents (or any of them), until notified by the Trustee to the contrary, so far as permitted by any applicable law:

 

(i) to act as Agents of the Trustee under this Trust Deed and the Bonds on the terms of the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement (with consequential amendments as necessary and except that the Trustee’s liability for the indemnification, remuneration and all other out-of-pocket expenses of the Agents will be limited to the amounts for the time being held by the Trustee in respect of the Bonds on the terms of this Trust Deed) and thereafter to hold all Bonds and all moneys, documents and records held by them in respect of Bonds to the order of the Trustee; or

 

 

7

 

 

(ii) to deliver all Bonds and all moneys, documents and records held by them in respect of the Bonds to the Trustee or as the Trustee directs in such notice, provided that such notice shall be deemed not to apply to any documents or records which the relevant Agent is obliged not to release by any law or regulation; and

 

2.4.2 by notice in writing to the Issuer, require the Issuer to make all subsequent payments in respect of the Bonds to, or to the order of, the Trustee and not to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent with effect from the issue of any such notice to the Issuer; and from then until such notice is withdrawn, proviso 2.2.1 to Clause 2.2 shall cease to have effect.

 

3 Form of the Original Bonds

 

3.1 The Original Global Bond Certificate: The Original Bonds will be evidenced by the Original Global Bond Certificate initially in the principal amount of €250,000,000 and the Issuer shall procure that appropriate entries be made in the Bonds Register by the Registrar to reflect the issue of such Original Bonds. The Original Global Bond Certificate will be delivered to and the Original Bonds registered in the name of a common depositary for Euroclear and Clearstream, Luxembourg. The Original Global Bond Certificate will be exchangeable for Original Individual Certificates in accordance with Section 13.3 of the Conditions.

 

3.2 The Original Individual Certificates: The Original Individual Certificates may be printed or typed and need not be security printed unless otherwise required by applicable stock exchange requirements. The Original Individual Certificates and Original Global Bond Certificate will be in or substantially in the respective forms set out in Schedules 2 and 3. Original Individual Certificates will be endorsed with the Conditions.

 

3.3 Signature: The Original Global Bond Certificate and any Original Individual Certificate (if issued) will be signed manually or in facsimile by an executive director of the Issuer and will be authenticated by or on behalf of the Registrar. The Issuer may use the manual or facsimile signature of any person who is at the date of this Trust Deed an executive director of the Issuer even if at the time of issue of any Original Bonds he no longer holds such office. Original Bonds (including the Original Global Bond Certificate) so executed and authenticated will be valid and binding obligations of the Issuer.

 

4 Stamp Duties and Taxes

 

4.1 Stamp Duties: The Issuer will pay any capital, stamp, issue, registration, transfer and other taxes and duties (excluding, for the avoidance of doubt, capital gains tax or similar taxes on gains or profits) payable (i) in the Netherlands, Belgium or Luxembourg on or in respect of the creation, issue and initial offering of the Bonds and the execution of this Trust Deed and (ii) in the Netherlands upon the issue or delivery of the Shares on conversion pursuant to the Conditions. The Issuer will also indemnify the Trustee and the Bondholders from and against all capital, stamp, issue, registration, transfer and other taxes (excluding, for the avoidance of doubt, capital gains tax or similar taxes on gains or profits) paid by any of them in any jurisdiction in relation to which the liability to pay arises directly as a result of any action taken by or on behalf of the Trustee or, as the case may be and where entitled under Section 10 of the Conditions to do so, the Bondholders to enforce the obligations of the Issuer under this Trust Deed or the Bonds.

 

 

 

 

4.2 Change of Taxing Jurisdiction: If the Issuer becomes subject generally to the taxing jurisdiction of any territory or any authority of or in that territory having power to tax other than or in addition to the Netherlands then the Issuer will (unless the Trustee otherwise agrees) give to the Trustee an undertaking satisfactory to the Trustee in terms corresponding to the terms of Section 6 of the Conditions with the substitution for, or (as the case may require) the addition to, the references in that Condition to the Netherlands of references to that other territory or authority or additional territory or authority to whose taxing jurisdiction the Issuer has become so subject (provided that such undertaking shall be subject to such exceptions as reflect exceptions under the law of the relevant taxing jurisdiction and as are similar in scope and effect to those exceptions set out in Section 6 of the Conditions) and in such event this Trust Deed and the Bonds will be read accordingly.

 

5 Further Issues

 

5.1 Liberty to Create: The Issuer may, from time to time without the consent of the Bondholders, create and issue further bonds, notes or debentures either having the same terms and conditions in all respects (or in all respects except for the amount and due date for the first payment of interest thereon and the first date on which Conversion Rights may be exercised) as (i) the Original Bonds or (ii) any previously issued Further Bonds so that the same shall be consolidated and form a single series with the Original Bonds or any Further Bonds, or (in any case) upon such terms as to interest, conversion, cash settlement, premium, redemption and otherwise as the Issuer may at the time of issue thereof determine.

 

5.2 Means of Constitution: Any further bonds, notes or debentures created and issued pursuant to the provisions of Clause 5.1 so as to form a single series with the Original Bonds and/or the Further Bonds of any series shall be constituted by a deed supplemental to this Trust Deed and any other Further Bonds of any series created and issued pursuant to the provisions of Clause 5.1 may be so constituted. The Issuer shall, prior to the issue of any Further Bonds to be so constituted, execute and deliver to the Trustee a deed supplemental to this Trust Deed and containing a covenant by the Issuer in the form mutatis mutandis of Clause 2 of this Trust Deed in relation to such Further Bonds and such other provisions (corresponding to any of the provisions contained in this Trust Deed) as the Trustee shall require.

 

5.3 Notice of Further Issues: Whenever it is proposed to create and issue any Further Bonds, the Issuer shall give to the Trustee not less than 14 days’ notice in writing of its intention to do so, stating the principal amount of Further Bonds proposed to be created or issued. The Trustee shall keep this information confidential in accordance with Clause 12.2.13.

 

5.4 Separate Series: Any Further Bonds not forming a single series with the Original Bonds and/or previously issued Further Bonds of any series shall form a separate series and accordingly, unless for any purpose the Trustee in its absolute discretion shall otherwise determine, the provisions of Clauses 5 and 6.2 and Clauses 7 to 20 (inclusive) and Schedule 4 shall apply mutatis mutandis separately and independently to the Bonds of each such series and in such Clauses and Schedule the expressions “Bonds” and “Bondholders” shall be construed accordingly.

 

 

 

 

6 Application of Moneys received by the Trustee

 

6.1 Application: All moneys received by the Trustee in respect of the Original Bonds and any Further Bonds forming a single series with the Original Bonds or amounts payable under this Trust Deed will, regardless of any appropriation of all or part of them by the Issuer, be applied by the Trustee (subject to Clause 6.2):

 

6.1.1 first, in payment of all fees, costs, charges, expenses and liabilities properly incurred by the Trustee (including remuneration and any indemnity amounts payable to it) and/or any agent or delegate appointed by the Trustee in carrying out its or their functions under this Trust Deed;

 

6.1.2 secondly, in payment of any amounts owing in respect of the Original Bonds and any Further Bonds forming a single series with the Original Bonds pari passu and rateably; and

 

6.1.3 thirdly, in payment of the balance (if any) to the Issuer for itself.

 

If the Trustee holds any moneys in respect of Original Bonds and any Further Bonds forming a single series with the Original Bonds which have become void or in respect of which claims have become prescribed under the Conditions, the Trustee will hold them in accordance with this Clause 6.1.

 

6.2 Accumulation: If the amount of the moneys at any time available for payment in respect of the Bonds under Clause 6.1 is less than 10 per cent. of the principal amount of the Bonds then outstanding, the Trustee may, at its discretion, invest such moneys. The Trustee may retain such investments and accumulate the resulting income until the investments and the accumulations, together with any other funds for the time being under the control of the Trustee and available for such payment, amount to at least 10 per cent. of the principal amount of the Bonds then outstanding whereupon such investments, accumulations and funds (after deduction of, or provision for, any applicable taxes) will be applied as specified in Clause 6.1.

 

6.3 Investment: Moneys held by the Trustee may be invested in the name, or under the control, of the Trustee in any investments or other assets anywhere, for the time being authorised by Dutch law for the investment by trustees of trust monies, whether or not they produce income, or placed on deposit in the name or under the control of the Trustee at such bank or other financial institution and in such currency as the Trustee may, in its absolute discretion, think fit. If that bank or institution is the Trustee or a subsidiary, holding company or associated company of the Trustee, it need only account for an amount of interest equal to the standard amount of interest payable by it on such a deposit to an independent customer. The Trustee may at any time vary or transpose any such investments or assets for or into other such investments or assets or convert any moneys so deposited into any other currency, and will not be responsible to any person whatsoever for any loss occasioned thereby, whether by depreciation in value, fluctuation in exchange rates or otherwise.

 

 

10 

 

 

7 Covenant to Comply

 

So long as any Bond remains outstanding, the Issuer hereby covenants with the Trustee that it will comply with and perform and observe all the provisions of this Trust Deed which are expressed to be binding on it. The Conditions shall be binding on the Issuer and the Bondholders. The Trustee shall be entitled to enforce the obligations of the Issuer under the Bonds and the Conditions as if the same were set out and contained in this Trust Deed which shall be read and construed as one document with the Bonds. The provisions contained in Schedule 1 shall have effect in the same manner as if herein set forth.

 

8 Covenants relating to Conversion Rights and Investor Cash Settlement Rights

 

So long as any Bond is outstanding, the Issuer hereby undertakes to and covenants with the Trustee that:

 

8.1 Conversion Rights: it will, save with the approval of an Extraordinary Resolution or with the approval of the Trustee where, in the Trustee’s opinion, it is not materially prejudicial to the interests of the Bondholders to give such approval, observe and perform all its obligations under the Conditions and this Trust Deed with respect to Conversion Rights, it being acknowledged that Conversion Rights shall be exercisable by a Bondholder only after the Share Settlement Condition has been satisfied.

 

8.2 Investor Cash Settlement Rights: it will, save with the approval of an Extraordinary Resolution or with the approval of the Trustee where, in the Trustee’s opinion, it is not materially prejudicial to the interests of the Bondholders to give such approval, observe and perform all its obligations under the Conditions and this Trust Deed with respect to Investor Cash Settlement Rights, it being acknowledged that Investor Cash Settlement Rights shall be exercisable by a Bondholder only during a Change of Control Period.

 

8.3 Notices:

 

8.3.1 Share Settlement Condition: it, not later than 5 Business Days following the Long Stop Date (or, if the Share Settlement Condition is satisfied prior to the Long Stop Date, not later than 5 Business Days following satisfaction of the Share Settlement Condition) give notice to the Bondholders in accordance with Section 15.7 of the Conditions and to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, the Registrar and the Calculation Agent: (i) where the Share Settlement Condition has been satisfied, stating that with effect from and including the Physical Settlement Date specified in such notice, Conversion Rights shall be exercisable; or (ii) where the Share Settlement Condition has not been satisfied, stating that the Share Settlement Condition has not been satisfied and that it intends to redeem the Bonds by publishing a Shareholder Event Notice in accordance with Section 7.3 of the Conditions.

 

8.3.2 Adjustment to Conversion Price: as soon as practicable after the announcement of the terms of any event giving rise to an adjustment of the Conversion Price, give notice to the Bondholders in accordance with Section 15.7 of the Conditions advising them of the date on which the relevant adjustment of the Conversion Price is likely to become effective and of the effect of exercising their Conversion Rights pending such date; and

 

 

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(i) Directors’ Certificate: upon the happening of an event as a result of which the Conversion Price will be adjusted, as soon as reasonably practicable deliver to the Trustee a certificate signed by an executive director of the Issuer (which the Trustee shall be entitled to accept and rely on without further enquiry or liability in respect thereof as sufficient evidence of the correctness of the matters referred to therein) setting forth brief particulars of the event, and the adjusted Conversion Price and the date on which such adjustment takes effect and in any case setting forth such other particulars and information as the Trustee may reasonably require.

 

9 Covenants

 

So long as any Bond is outstanding, the Issuer covenants with the Trustee that it will:

 

9.1 Books of Account: keep, and procure that each Subsidiary keeps, proper books of account.

 

9.2 Notice of Events of Default etc: notify the Trustee in writing immediately on becoming aware of the occurrence of any Event of Default or Change of Control.

 

9.3 Information: so far as permitted by applicable law, give or procure to be given to the Trustee such information as it reasonably requires to perform its functions.

 

9.4 Financial Statements, etc.: send to the Trustee:

 

9.4.1 as soon as the same become available, but in any event within the longer of 120 days of its most recent financial year-end and the legal period for making this document generally available, a copy of the Issuer’s audited annual Consolidated Financial Statements for such financial year, prepared and presented in accordance with IFRS, together with the report thereon by the Issuer’s independent auditors; and

 

9.4.2 as soon as the same become available, but in any event within the longer of 90 days of the end of the first half of each financial year and the legal period of making this document generally available, a copy of the Issuer’s interim Consolidated Financial Statements, prepared and presented in accordance with IFRS, as at, and for the period ending on, the end of such period,

 

each certified by an executive director of the Issuer as presenting a true and fair view of the consolidated financial position of the Issuer and its consolidated subsidiaries as at the relevant date, and the consolidated results of operations and changes in consolidated financial position of the Issuer and its consolidated subsidiaries for the relevant period then ended.

 

9.5 Certificate of executive directors: send to the Trustee within 14 days of the Issuer’s audited annual Consolidated Financial Statements being made publicly available, and also within 14 days of any request by the Trustee a certificate substantially in the form set out in Schedule 5 from the Issuer signed by any executive director that, having made all reasonable enquiries, to the best of the knowledge, information and belief of the Issuer as at a date (the “Certification Date”) not more than five days before the date of the certificate, no Change of Control, Event of Default or other breach of this Trust Deed had occurred since the Certification Date of the last such certificate or (if none) the date of this Trust Deed or, if such an event had occurred, giving details of it.

 

 

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9.6 Notices to Bondholders: send or procure to be sent to the Trustee not less than three days prior to the date of publication, for the Trustee’s review, a copy of each notice to be given to the Bondholders as a class in accordance with the Conditions and not publish such notice without consulting the Trustee, and upon publication, send to the Trustee a copy of such notice. The Trustee shall keep this information confidential in accordance with Clause 12.2.13.

 

9.7 Further Acts: so far as permitted by applicable law, do such further things as may be necessary in the reasonable opinion of the Trustee to give effect to this Trust Deed.

 

9.8 Notice of late payment: forthwith upon request by the Trustee give notice to the Bondholders of any unconditional payment to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent or the Trustee of any sum due in respect of the Bonds made after the due date for such payment.

 

9.9 Obligations of Agents and Registrar: observe and comply with its obligations and use all reasonable endeavours to procure that the Agents observe and comply with all their obligations under the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement and notify the Trustee immediately if it becomes aware of any material breach or failure by an Agent in relation to the Bonds.

 

9.10 Listing and Trading: use its reasonable endeavours to obtain the admission of the Original Bonds to trading on an EEA Regulated Market no later than 25 July 2019. Thereafter, and in respect of any Further Bonds, the Issuer will use its reasonable endeavours to maintain such listing and admission to trading. If, however, the Issuer determines in good faith that it can no longer comply with its requirements for such listing, having used such endeavours, or if the maintenance of such listing or admission to trading is unduly onerous, the Issuer will instead use its reasonable endeavours to obtain and maintain a listing on such other stock exchange or admission to trading on such other securities market of the Bonds as the Issuer may (with the written approval of the Trustee, such approval not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed) decide, and shall upon obtaining a quotation or listing of the Bonds on such other stock exchange or exchanges or securities market or markets as aforesaid, comply with the requirements of any such stock exchange or securities market.

 

9.11 Change in Agents: give at least 14 days’ prior notice to the Bondholders of any future appointment, resignation or removal of an Agent or of any change by an Agent of its specified office and not make any such appointment or removal without the Trustee’s written approval (such approval not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed).

 

9.12 Early Redemption: give prior notice to the Trustee and the Bondholders of any proposed redemption pursuant to Sections 4.1 to 4.3 of the Conditions in accordance therewith.

 

9.13 Authorised but Unissued Capital: at all times, following the date on which the Physical Settlement Notice is given, keep available for issue free from pre-emptive rights a sufficient number of Shares to enable the exercise of Conversion Rights pursuant to the Conditions and all other rights of subscription and exchange for Shares, to be satisfied in full at the then current Conversion Price.

 

9.14 Bonds Register: deliver or procure the delivery to the Trustee of an up-to-date copy of the Bonds Register in respect of the Bonds, certified as being a true, accurate and complete copy, as soon as practicable following the date hereof and in any event within three Business Days following the date hereof and at such other times as the Trustee may reasonably require.

 

 

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10 Remuneration and Indemnification of the Trustee

 

10.1 Normal Remuneration: So long as any Bond is outstanding, the Issuer will pay to the Trustee by way of remuneration for its services as Trustee such sum as may from time to time be agreed between them. Such remuneration will accrue from day to day from the date of this Trust Deed and shall be payable in advance, annually as may be agreed between the Issuer and the Trustee. However, if any payment to a Bondholder of the moneys due in respect of any Bond is improperly withheld or refused upon due surrender (if so required) of such Bond, such remuneration will again accrue as from the date of such surrender (if so required) until payment to such Bondholder is duly made.

 

10.2 Extra Remuneration: If an Event of Default shall have occurred, the Issuer hereby agrees that the Trustee shall be entitled to be paid additional remuneration calculated at its normal hourly rates in force from time to time for any additional time spent on its duties that is reasonably attributable to that Event of Default. In any other case, if the Trustee finds it expedient or necessary or is requested by the Issuer to undertake duties which the Trustee and the Issuer agree to be of an exceptional nature or otherwise outside the scope of the Trustee’s normal duties under this Trust Deed and the Trustee’s scope of work agreed between the Issuer and the Trustee, the Issuer will pay such additional reasonable remuneration as they may agree (and which may be calculated by reference to the Trustee’s normal hourly rates in force from time to time) or, failing agreement as to any of the matters in this Clause (or as to such sums referred to in Clause 10.1), as determined by a financial institution or person (acting as an expert) selected by the Trustee and approved by the Issuer. The expenses involved in such nomination and such financial institution’s fee will be borne by the Issuer. The determination of such financial institution or person will, in the absence of manifest error, be conclusive and binding on the Issuer, the Trustee and the Bondholders.

 

10.3 Expenses: Subject to the separate fee arrangements made between the Issuer and the Trustee, the Issuer will on demand by the Trustee pay or discharge all reasonable and documented costs, charges, liabilities and expenses properly incurred by the Trustee in the preparation and execution of this Trust Deed and the performance of its functions under this Trust Deed including, but not limited to, legal and travelling expenses and any stamp, documentary or other taxes or duties paid by the Trustee in connection with any legal proceedings properly brought or reasonably contemplated by the Trustee against the Issuer to enforce any provision of this Trust Deed and the Bonds. Such costs, charges, liabilities and expenses will:

 

10.3.1 in the case of payments made by the Trustee before such demand carry interest from the date of the demand at a rate equal to the Trustee’s cost of funding for the relevant period of time, and

 

10.3.2 in other cases carry interest at such rate from 30 days after the date of the demand or (where the demand specifies that payment is to be made on an earlier date) from such earlier date.

 

10.4 Indemnity: The Issuer will on demand by the Trustee indemnify it in respect of Amounts or Claims paid or properly incurred by it in acting as trustee under this Trust Deed (including (1) any Agent/Delegate Liabilities and (2) in respect of disputing or defending any Amounts or Claims made against the Trustee or any Agent/Delegate Liabilities). The Issuer will on demand by such agent or delegate indemnify it against such Agent/Delegate Liabilities. “Amounts or Claims” are losses, liabilities, claims, actions, and “Agent/Delegate Liabilities” are Amounts or Claims which the Trustee is or would be obliged to pay or reimburse to any of its agents or delegates appointed pursuant to this Trust Deed.

 

 

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10.5 Provisions Continuing: The provisions of Clauses 10.3 and 10.4 will continue in full force and effect in relation to the Trustee even if it may have ceased to be Trustee and not withstanding any termination or discharge of this Trust Deed.

 

11 Proceedings and Actions by the Trustee

 

11.1 Trustee not bound unless specific action taken:

 

11.1.1 The Trustee may at any time, at its discretion and without notice, take such proceedings, actions or steps (including lodging an appeal in any proceedings) against the Issuer as it may think fit to enforce the provisions of this Trust Deed and the Bonds, but it shall not be bound to take any such proceedings, actions or steps in relation to this Trust Deed or the Bonds unless (i) it shall have been so directed by an Extraordinary Resolution of the Bondholders or so requested in writing by the holders of at least one-quarter in principal amount of the Bonds then outstanding, and (ii) it shall have been indemnified and/or secured and/or prefunded to its satisfaction.

 

11.1.2 In urgent cases, such as imminent bankruptcy, moratorium or reorganisation of the Issuer, the Trustee will be entitled at its discretion to relinquish, reduce or alter the rights of Bondholders in whole or in part, and to take other measures which it considers to be in the interests of the Bondholders, if the Trustee considers, in its sole discretion, that such action can no longer be delayed. For the avoidance of doubt, any such action may be taken by the Trustee without having been previously directed or authorised by an Extraordinary Resolution of the Bondholders. The Trustee will forthwith notify the Bondholders of any such actions and steps at a meeting of Bondholders to be convened by the Trustee within one month after such action has been taken by the Trustee. The Trustee will in no event be liable in respect of the exercise, or failure to exercise, the power of the Trustee granted to it in this Clause 11.1.2 or the consequences thereof.

 

11.1.3 Notwithstanding Clauses 11.1.1 and 11.1.2 above, the Trustee may: (i) refrain from taking any proceedings, actions or steps in any jurisdiction if the taking of such action in that jurisdiction would, in its opinion based upon legal advice in the relevant jurisdiction, be contrary to any law of that jurisdiction; and (ii) refrain from taking any proceedings, actions or steps in any jurisdiction if in its opinion based upon legal advice in the relevant jurisdiction it would or may render it liable to any person in that jurisdiction or, it would or may not have the power to do the relevant thing in that jurisdiction by virtue of any applicable law in that jurisdiction or if it is determined by any court or other competent authority in that jurisdiction that it does not have such power.

 

11.1.4 No Bondholder shall be entitled to (i) take any proceedings, actions or steps against the Issuer to enforce the performance of any of the provisions of this Trust Deed or the Bonds or (ii) take any other proceedings, actions or steps (including lodging an appeal in any proceedings) in respect of or concerning the Issuer, in each case unless the Trustee, having become bound so to take any such proceedings, actions or steps or fails so to do within a reasonable period and the failure shall be continuing.

 

 

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11.2 Accounts: If at any time the Issuer’s obligations under the Bonds have become immediately due and payable, the Trustee may draw up duly specified accounts of all amounts due in relation to the Bonds outstanding according to the records made available by the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent and the Registrar under the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, together with accrued interest and any other amounts owed by the Issuer in respect of the Bonds, including the Trustee’s fee and indemnification for costs incurred by the Trustee. The Issuer will act in accordance with and fully accept the accounts drawn up by the Trustee, subject to evidence to the contrary.

 

11.3 Action by Trustee:

 

11.3.1 Only the Trustee may enforce the rights under the Bonds of the Bondholders against the Issuer. Save as provided in Section 10 of the Conditions, no person shall be entitled to proceed directly against the Issuer to enforce the performance of any provision of the Bonds.

 

11.3.2 If any Bonds become due and payable under Section 8 of the Conditions the only remedy of the Trustee against the Issuer consists of enforcing the rights granted to the Trustee pursuant to this Trust Deed and the Conditions.

 

12 Trustee’s Rights and Obligations

 

12.1 Reliance on Information

 

12.1.1 Advice: The Trustee may in relation to this Trust Deed act, without thereby incurring any Liability, on a report, confirmation or certificate or any advice of any lawyers, accountants, financial advisers, financial institution or other expert, whether or not addressed to it and whether or not their liability in relation thereto is limited (by its terms or by any engagement letter relating thereto entered into by the Trustee or in any other manner) by reference to a monetary cap, methodology or otherwise. The Trustee may accept and shall be entitled to rely on any such report, confirmation or certificate or advice and such report, confirmation or certificate or advice shall be binding on the Issuer, the Trustee and the Bondholders;

 

12.1.2 Certificate of an Executive Director: the Trustee may call for and shall be at liberty to accept a certificate signed by any executive director as to any fact or matter prima facie within the knowledge of the Issuer as sufficient evidence thereof and a like certificate to the effect that any particular dealing, transaction or step or thing is, in the opinion of the person so certifying, expedient as sufficient evidence that it is expedient and the Trustee shall not be bound in any such case to call for further evidence or be responsible for any Liability that may be occasioned by its failing so to do;

 

12.1.3 Resolution of Bondholders: the Trustee shall not be responsible for acting upon any resolution purporting to have been passed at a meeting of Bondholders in respect whereof minutes have been made and signed, even though it may subsequently be found that there was some defect in the constitution of the meeting of Bondholders or the passing of the resolution or that for any reason the resolution purporting to have been passed at any meeting of Bondholders was not valid or binding upon the Bondholders;

 

 

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12.1.4 Reliance on certification of clearing system: the Trustee may call for any certificate or other document issued by Euroclear or Clearstream, Luxembourg or any other relevant clearing system or a common depository therefor. Any such certificate or other document shall, in the absence of manifest error, be conclusive and binding for all purposes. Any such certificate or other document may comprise any form of statement or print out of electronic records provided by the relevant clearing system (including Euroclear’s EUCLID or Clearstream, Luxembourg’s CreationOnline system) in accordance with its usual procedures and in which the holder of a particular principal or nominal amount of the Bonds is clearly identified together with the amount of such holding. The Trustee shall not be liable to any person by reason of having accepted as valid or not having rejected any certificate or other document to such effect purporting to be issued by Euroclear, Clearstream, Luxembourg, or any other relevant clearing system and subsequently found to be forged or not authentic;

 

12.1.5 Entry on the Bonds Register: the Trustee shall not be liable to the Issuer or any Bondholder by reason of having accepted as valid or not having rejected any entry on the Bonds Register later found to be forged or not authentic and shall assume for all purposes in relation hereto that any entry on the Bonds Register is correct;

 

12.1.6 Forged Bonds: the Trustee shall not be liable to the Issuer or any Bondholder by reason of having accepted as valid or not having rejected any Bond or assignment deed or notification thereof as such and subsequently found to be forged or not authentic; and

 

12.1.7 Trustee not responsible for investigations: the Trustee shall not be responsible for, or for investigating any matter which is the subject of, any recital, statement, representation, warranty or covenant of any person contained in this Trust Deed, the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, the Bonds, or any other agreement or document relating to the transactions herein or therein contemplated or for the execution, legality, effectiveness, adequacy, genuineness, validity, enforceability or admissibility in evidence thereof and shall assume the accuracy and correctness thereof nor shall the Trustee, by execution of this Trust, be deemed to make any representation as to the validity, sufficiency or enforceability of either the whole or any part of the Trust Deed.

 

12.2 Trustee’s powers and duties

 

12.2.1 Trustee’s determination: The Trustee may determine whether or not a default in the performance by the Issuer of any obligation under the provisions of or contained in the Trust Deed or the Bonds is capable of remedy and/or materially prejudicial to the interests of the Bondholders. If the Trustee shall certify that any such default is, in its opinion, not capable of remedy and/or materially prejudicial to the interests of the Bondholders, such certificate shall be conclusive and binding upon the Issuer and/or, as the case may be, the Bondholders;

 

12.2.2 Determination of questions: the Trustee as between itself and the Bondholders shall have full power to determine all questions and doubts arising in relation to any of the provisions of the Trust Deed and the Bonds and every such determination, whether made upon a question actually raised or implied in the acts or proceedings of the Trustee, shall be conclusive and shall bind the Trustee and the Bondholders;

 

 

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12.2.3 Trustee’s discretion: the Trustee shall (save as expressly otherwise provided herein) as regards all the trusts, powers, authorities and discretions vested in it by this Trust Deed or by operation of law have absolute and uncontrolled discretion as to the exercise or non-exercise thereof and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any Liability that may result from the exercise or non-exercise thereof but, whenever the Trustee is under the provisions of this Trust Deed bound to act at the request or direction of the Bondholders, the Trustee shall nevertheless not be so bound unless first indemnified and/or provided with security to its satisfaction against all actions, proceedings, claims and demands to which it may render itself liable and all Liabilities which it may incur by so doing;

 

12.2.4 Trustee’s consent: any consent given by the Trustee for the purposes of the Trust Deed and the Bonds may be given on such terms and subject to such conditions (if any) as the Trustee may require and (notwithstanding any provision to the contrary) may be given retrospectively;

 

12.2.5 Conversion of currency: where it is necessary or desirable for any purpose in connection with this Trust Deed to convert any sum from one currency to another it shall (unless otherwise provided by this Trust Deed or required by law) be converted at such rate(s) of exchange, in accordance with such method and as at such date for the determination of such rate(s) of exchange as may be specified by the Trustee in its absolute discretion as relevant and any rate of exchange, method and date so specified shall be binding on the Issuer and the Bondholders;

 

12.2.6 Application of proceeds: the Trustee shall not be responsible for the receipt or application by the Issuer of the proceeds of the issue of the Bonds;

 

12.2.7 Events of Default: the Trustee shall inform the Bondholders upon its receipt of a notice in writing from the Issuer of the occurrence of an Event of Default or a breach of the covenants given by the Issuer, however, the Trustee shall not be bound to take any steps to ascertain whether any Event of Default has happened and, until it shall have actual knowledge or express notice to the contrary, the Trustee shall be entitled to assume that no Event of Default has happened and that the Issuer is observing and performing all the obligations on its part contained in the Trust Deed, the Bonds or any other agreement or document relating to the transactions herein or therein contemplated and no event has happened as a consequence of which any of the Bonds may become repayable;

 

12.2.8 Initiate proceedings: the Trustee may settle or litigate any claims, debts or damages due by it or owing to it, it may take all action, initiate all proceedings and exercise all rights and powers as it may deem appropriate for the purposes of this Trust Deed;

 

12.2.9 External advice: the Trustee may, in the conduct of its obligations pursuant to the Trust Deed and the Bonds, appoint and pay reasonable fees to an external adviser, whether or not a lawyer or other professional person, to advise or provide legal or expert assistance, or concur in advising or providing such assistance, on any business and such appointment shall be notified to the Issuer and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or omission on the part of any person appointed by it hereunder or be bound to supervise the proceedings or acts of, and shall not in any way or to any extent be responsible for any Liability incurred by reason of the misconduct, omission or default on the part of, any such person (except insofar as the same are incurred because of the wilful misconduct or gross negligence of the Trustee or such other third parties). The Trustee shall not appoint an external adviser who provides similar services to the Issuer;

 

 

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12.2.10 Bondholders as a class: whenever in this Trust Deed or the Conditions the Trustee is required in connection with the exercise of its functions to have regard to the interests of the Bondholders, it shall have regard to the interests of the Bondholders as a class. The Trustee shall not have regard to any interests arising from circumstances particular to individual Bondholders (whatever their number) and, in particular but without limitation, shall not have regard to the consequences of the exercise of its trusts, powers or discretions for individual Bondholders resulting from their being for any purpose domiciled or resident in, or otherwise connected with, or subject to the jurisdiction of, any particular territory, and the Trustee shall not be entitled to require, nor shall any Bondholder be entitled to claim, from the Issuer or any other person any indemnification or payment in respect of any tax consequence of any such exercise upon individual Bondholders, except to the extent provided for in this Trust Deed or the Conditions;

 

12.2.11 Agents: the Trustee may, in conducting its rights and obligations under this Trust Deed instead of acting personally, employ and pay an agent on any terms, whether or not a lawyer or other professional person, to transact or conduct, or concur in transacting or conducting, any business and to do or concur in doing all acts required to be done by the Trustee (including the receipt and payment of money) and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any loss, liability, expense, demand, cost, claim or proceedings incurred by reason of the misconduct, omission or default on the part of any person appointed by it hereunder to the extent that the Trustee has selected the agent exercising due care and has exercised reasonable oversight over the agent’s actions;

 

12.2.12 Delegation: the Trustee may, in the execution and exercise of all or any of the powers, authorities and discretions vested in it by the Trust Deed, whenever it thinks fit, whether by power of attorney or otherwise, delegate to any person or persons reasonably deemed competent for the intended purpose all or any of the powers, authorities and discretions vested in it by the Trust Deed. Any such delegation may be made upon such terms and conditions and subject to such regulations (including power to sub-delegate with the consent of the Trustee) as the Trustee may think fit in the interests of the Bondholders and the Trustee shall not in any way or to any extent be responsible for any Liability incurred by reason of the misconduct, omission or default on the part of such delegate or sub-delegate to the extent that the Trustee has selected the delegate or sub-delegate exercising due care and has exercised reasonable oversight over its actions; and

 

12.2.13 Confidentiality: the Trustee shall, and shall ensure that each of its agents as referred to in Clause 12.2.11 above and its delegates and sub-delegates as referred to in Clause 12.2.12 above will and are bound by the same obligation to, respect and protect the confidentiality of all information acquired as a result of or pursuant to the Trust Deed, including (but not limited to) any notices pursuant to Clause 5.3 or Clause 9.6 and the Issuer's intention to give any such notice, and will not, without the Issuer's prior written consent, disclose any such information to a third party, unless it is required to do so by any applicable law or regulation or is specifically authorised to do so hereunder or by any separate agreement, especially where the provision of such information is the object or part of the service to be provided by the Trustee. Where any such information may constitute price-sensitive information, the Trustee shall, and shall ensure that each of its delegates and sub-delegates will and are bound by the same obligation to keep that information strictly confidential until that information has been made publicly available other than as a result of a breach by the Trustee or any of its delegates or sub-delegates of this Clause.

 

 

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12.3 Financial matters

 

12.3.1 Annual Reports: The Trustee shall make available for public inspection, at its Amsterdam office and at the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent’s specified office, copies of the Trustee’s balance sheet and its profit and loss account for the preceding calendar year, and a written report of its activities during that calendar year;

 

12.3.2 Expenditure by the Trustee: the Trustee may refrain from taking any action or exercising any right, power, authority or discretion vested in it under the Bonds, the Trust Deed or any other agreement relating to the transactions herein or therein contemplated or from taking any action to enforce the security until it has been indemnified and/or secured to its satisfaction against any and all Liabilities which might be brought, made or conferred against or suffered, incurred or sustained by it as a result (which may include payment on account). When determining whether an indemnity or any security or pre-funding is satisfactory to it, the Trustee shall be entitled (i) to evaluate its risk in any given circumstance by considering the worst-case scenario and (ii) to require that any indemnity or security or prefunding given to it by the Bondholders or any of them be given on a joint and several basis and be supported by evidence satisfactory to it as to the financial standing and creditworthiness of each counterparty and/or as to the value of the security and an opinion as to the capacity, power and authority of each counterparty and/or the validity and effectiveness of the security. Nothing contained in the Trust Deed or the Bonds shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of its duties or the exercise of any right, power, authority or discretion hereunder if it has grounds for believing the repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against, or security for, such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it; and

 

12.3.3 Deductions and withholdings: notwithstanding anything contained in the Trust Deed or the Bonds, to the extent required by applicable law, if the Trustee is required to make any deduction or withholding from any distribution or payment made by it under the Trust Deed or the Bonds (other than in connection with its remuneration as provided for herein) or if the Trustee is otherwise charged to, or may become liable to, tax as a consequence of performing its duties under the Trust Deed or the Bonds, then the Trustee shall be entitled to make such deduction or withholding or (as the case may be) to retain out of sums received by it an amount sufficient to discharge any liability to tax which relates to sums so received or distributed or to discharge any such other liability of the Trustee to tax from the funds held by the Trustee pursuant to the Trust Deed.

 

 

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12.4 Trustee Liability: Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Trust Deed or the Conditions, the Trustee shall not be liable to any person for any matter or thing done or omitted in any way in connection with or in relation to the Trust Deed or the Conditions save in relation to its own wilful misconduct or gross negligence.

 

13 Modification, Waiver and Proof of Default

 

13.1 Modification and Waiver: The Trustee may agree, without the consent of the Bondholders, to (i) any modification of any of the provisions of this Trust Deed, any trust deed supplemental to this Trust Deed, the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, any agreement supplemental to the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, the Bonds or the Conditions which in the Trustee’s opinion is of a formal, minor or technical nature or is made to correct a manifest error or to comply with mandatory provisions of law, and (ii) any other modification to this Trust Deed, any trust deed supplemental to this Trust Deed, the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, any agreement supplemental to the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, the Bonds or the Conditions (except the matters set out in paragraph 16.7 of Schedule 4), and any waiver or authorisation of any breach or proposed breach, of any of the provisions of this Trust Deed, any trust deed supplemental to this Trust Deed, the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, any agreement supplemental to the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, the Bonds or the Conditions which is, in the opinion of the Trustee, not materially prejudicial to the interests of the Bondholders. The Trustee may, without the consent of the Bondholders, determine that any Event of Default should not be treated as such, provided that in the opinion of the Trustee, the interests of Bondholders will not be materially prejudiced thereby. Any such modification, authorisation, waiver or determination shall be binding on the Bondholders and, if the Trustee so requires, shall be notified to the Bondholders promptly in accordance with the proviso to paragraph 16 of Schedule 4.

 

13.2 Proof of Default: If it is proved that as regards any specified Bond the Issuer has made default in paying any sum due to the relevant Bondholder, such proof will (unless the contrary be proved) be sufficient evidence that the same default has been made as regards all other Bonds which are then payable.

 

14 Trustee not precluded from entering into Contracts

 

The Trustee and any other person, whether or not acting for itself may acquire, hold or dispose of, any Bond or any Shares or other securities (or any interest therein) of the Issuer or any other person with the same rights as it would have had if the Trustee were not Trustee and may enter into or be interested in any contracts or transactions with the Issuer or any such person and may act on, or as depositary or agent for, any committee or body of holders of any securities of any such person in each case with the same rights as it would have had if the Trustee were not acting as Trustee and need not account for any profit.

 

15 Appointment, Retirement and Removal of the Trustee:

 

15.1 Appointment: Subject as provided in Clause 15.2 below, the Issuer has the power of appointing a new trustee or trustees but no one may be so appointed unless previously approved by an Extraordinary Resolution. Any appointment of a new Trustee will be notified by the Issuer to the Bondholders and the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent as soon as practicable.

 

 

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15.2 Retirement and Removal: Any Trustee may retire at any time on giving not less than three months’ notice in writing to the Issuer without giving any reason and without being responsible for any costs (which costs shall be borne by the Issuer) occasioned by such retirement and the Bondholders may by Extraordinary Resolution remove any Trustee. If a trustee gives notice of retirement or an Extraordinary Resolution is passed for its removal under this Clause 15.2, the Issuer will use all reasonable endeavours to procure that another trustee be appointed as Trustee but if it fails to do so before the expiry of such three month notice period, the Trustee shall have the power to appoint a new Trustee.

 

15.3 Appointment, Resignation and Removal of Directors:

 

15.3.1 Pursuant to the Trustee’s articles of association, the Trustee’s board (bestuur) shall consist of one or more Trustee directors (bestuurders) to be appointed by the Trustee’s board. Trustee directors may only be trust companies in the Netherlands having a licence under the Dutch Act on Supervision of Trust Companies (Wet toezicht trustkantoren) as well as natural persons and/or legal entities engaged by such trust companies. Trustee directors may be suspended and dismissed by the Trustee’s board. The Bondholders may also dismiss a Trustee director by Extraordinary Resolution, provided that neither the Trustee nor the Trustee director so dismissed shall be responsible for any costs or expenses arising from any such dismissal.

 

15.3.2 The Trustee’s board shall elect out of its midst a chairman, in case the Trustee’s board would consist of more than one Trustee director.

 

15.3.3 In case of one or more vacancies in the Trustee’s board, the remaining Trustee directors unanimously (or the sole remaining Trustee director) shall fill such vacancy or vacancies by the appointment of one or more successors within three months after the creation of the vacancy or vacancies.

 


15.3.4 In case of any vacancies then the remaining Trustee directors or the sole remaining Trustee director shall nevertheless constitute a lawful Trustee’s board.


15.3.5 In case of any disagreement among the remaining Trustee directors about the appointment and also in case at any time all Trustee directors would be absent and finally in case the remaining Trustee directors should fail to fill the vacancy or vacancies within the period mentioned in Clause 15.3.3, those vacancies shall be filled by the Bondholders by Extraordinary Resolution.

 

15.3.6 Membership of the Trustee’s board shall terminate by:

 

(i) death or dissolution;

 

(ii) loss of free disposal of assets;

 

(iii) voluntary resignation (vrijwillig aftreden), provided that in case the resigning Trustee director was the sole Trustee director (for the avoidance of doubt, unless dismissal is automatic per the Trustee’s articles of association), such resignation will not become effective until a successor Trustee director has been appointed;

 

(iv) dismissal by virtue of Section 2:298 of the Dutch Civil Code;

 

 

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(v) a resolution of the other Trustee directors passed unanimously;

 

(vi) cancellation of the licence under the Dutch Act on Financial Supervision of Trust Companies (Wet toezicht trustkantoren);

 

(vii) bankruptcy or suspension of payments;

 

(viii) Extraordinary Resolution, provided that neither the Trustee nor the Trustee director so removed shall be responsible for any costs or expenses arising from any such removal; or

 

(ix) in case a Trustee director engaged by a trust company as defined in Clause 15.3.1 is no longer engaged by such trust company.

 

15.4 Merger: A corporation or other legal entity into which the Trustee may be merged or converted, or any corporation or other legal entity with which the Trustee may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, shall, on the date when the merger, conversion or consolidation becomes effective and to the extent permitted by any applicable laws and subject to any requirements set out in this Trust Deed become the successor trustee under this Trust Deed without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of the parties to this Trust Deed, unless otherwise required by the Issuer, and after the said effective date, all references in this Trust Deed to the Trustee shall be deemed to be references to such successor corporation or legal entity. Written notice of any such merger, conversion or consolidation shall immediately be given to the Issuer by the Trustee.

 

16 Currency Indemnity

 

16.1 Currency of Account and Payment: Euro (the “Contractual Currency”) is the sole currency of account and payment for all sums payable by the Issuer under or in connection with this Trust Deed and the Bonds, including damages.

 

16.2 Extent of Discharge: An amount received or recovered in a currency other than the Contractual Currency (whether as a result of, or of the enforcement of, a judgment or order of a court of any jurisdiction, in the insolvency, winding-up or dissolution of the Issuer or otherwise) by the Trustee or any Bondholder in respect of any sum expressed to be due to it from the Issuer will only discharge the Issuer to the extent of the Contractual Currency amount which the recipient is able to purchase with the amount so received or recovered in that other currency on the date of that receipt or recovery (or, if it is not practicable to make that purchase on that date, on the first date on which it is practicable to do so).

 

16.3 Indemnity: If that Contractual Currency amount is less than the Contractual Currency amount expressed to be due to the recipient under this Trust Deed or the Bonds, the Issuer will indemnify it against any loss sustained by it as a result. In any event, the Issuer will indemnify the recipient against the cost of making any such purchase.

 

16.4 Indemnity separate: The indemnities in this Clause 16 and in Clause 10.4 constitute separate and independent obligations from the other obligations in this Trust Deed, will give rise to a separate and independent cause of action.

 

 

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17 Communications

 

Any communication shall be by letter, facsimile transmission or electronic communication:

 

in the case of the Issuer, to it at:

 

Address:

Takeaway.com N.V.
   
  Oosterdoksstraat 80, 1011 DK Amsterdam, the Netherlands
   
Email: brent.wissink@takeaway.com / jitse.groen@takeaway.com
Attention: Brent Wissink / Jitse Groen
   
and in the case of the Trustee, to it at:
   
Address: Stichting Trustee Takeaway.com
  Hoogoorddreef 15, 1101 BA, Amsterdam
   
Fax no.: +31 20 5222 500
Email: NLSupervisory@sgggroup.com
Attention: The Directors

 

or to such other address, facsimile number, email address or attention details of which shall have been notified in writing (in accordance with this Clause 17) to the other parties hereto.

 

Communications will take effect, in the case of a letter, when delivered, in the case of a fax, when the relevant delivery receipt is received by the sender, or in the case of an electronic communication when the relevant receipt of such communication being read is given, or where no read receipt is requested by the sender, at the time of sending, provided that no delivery failure notification is received by the sender within 24 hours of sending such communication; provided that any communication which is received (or deemed to take effect in accordance with the foregoing) outside business hours or on a non-business day in the place of receipt shall be deemed to take effect at the opening of business on the next following business day in such place. Any communication delivered to any party under this Trust Deed which is to be sent by fax or electronic communication will be written legal evidence.

 

18 No rescission

 

Each party to this Trust Deed waives its rights under Sections 6:228 (Dwaling), 6:265 (Ontbinding) and, to the extent legally permissible, 6:230 (Wijziging op verzoek) of the Dutch Civil Code to rescind, annul or to dissolve this Trust Deed in whole or in part.

 

19 Governing Law and Jurisdiction

 

19.1 Governing Law: This Trust Deed and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with it, including, for the avoidance of doubt, Clause 19.2, shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the law of The Netherlands.

 

19.2 Jurisdiction: The courts of Amsterdam, the Netherlands, subject to the authority of the Trustee, if it considers this expedient to do so, to agree to prorogation (prorogatie), are to have exclusive jurisdiction to settle any disputes which may arise out of or in connection with this Trust Deed or the Bonds (and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with them) and accordingly any legal action or proceedings arising out of or in connection with this Trust Deed or the Bonds (“Proceedings”) may be brought in such courts. The Issuer irrevocably submits to the jurisdiction of such courts and waives any objections to Proceedings in such courts on the ground of venue or on the ground that the Proceedings have been brought in an inconvenient forum. This submission is for the benefit of each of the Trustee and the Bondholders.

 

 

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20 Counterparts

 

This Trust Deed and any trust deed supplemental hereto may be executed in any number of counterparts, and by each party on separate counterparts. Each counterpart is an original, but all counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument. Delivery of a counterpart of this Trust Deed or any trust deed supplemental hereto by email attachment or telecopy shall be an effective mode of delivery.

 

 

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SCHEDULE 1

Terms and Conditions of the Bonds

 

1 General

 

1.1 Description

 

Each Bond evidenced by this certificate is one of a duly authorised issue of debt securities of Takeaway.com N.V., a limited liability company (naamloze vennootschap) incorporated under the laws of The Netherlands (the “Issuer”), designated as its €250,000,000 2.25 per cent. convertible bonds due 2024 (the “Bonds”, which expression shall include any Further Bonds issued pursuant to Section 15.6). The Bonds will mature on 25 January 2024 (the “Maturity Date”). The Bonds are issued in denominations of €100,000 each. The Bonds are constituted by a Trust Deed (the “Trust Deed”) dated 25 January 2019 between the Issuer and Stichting Trustee Takeaway.com (the “Trustee” which expression shall include all persons for the time being the trustee or trustees under the Trust Deed) as trustee for the holders of the Bonds. The Issuer has also entered into a paying, transfer and conversion agency agreement (the “Agency Agreement”) dated 25 January 2019 with ABN AMRO Bank N.V., as principal paying, transfer and conversion agent (the “Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent”) and as registrar in respect of the Bonds (the “Registrar”) and the other paying and conversion agents named therein (the “Conversion Agents” and, together with the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent and the Registrar, collectively, the “Agents”, which term shall include successors and assigns of any such Agent as the context requires). The holders of the Bonds are entitled to the benefit of, are bound by, and are deemed to have notice of, all the provisions of the Trust Deed and are deemed to have notice of those applicable to them of the Agency Agreement. The Issuer has also entered into a calculation agency agreement dated 25 January 2019 (the “Calculation Agency Agreement”) with Conv-Ex Advisors Limited (the “Calculation Agent”, which expression shall include any successor as calculation agent under the Calculation Agency Agreement) whereby the Calculation Agent has been appointed to make certain calculations in relation to the Bonds. Copies of the Trust Deed, Agency Agreement and Calculation Agency Agreement are available for inspection by holders of the Bonds during usual office hours at the office of the Trustee at Hoogoorddreef 15, 1101 BA, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and at the specified offices of the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent and the Registrar.

 

1.2 Definitions

 

Capitalised terms used herein are defined in Section 14. Capitalised terms used but not defined in these terms and conditions (these “Conditions”) shall have the meanings attributed to them in the Trust Deed unless the context requires otherwise or unless otherwise stated.

 

2 Status of the Bonds and Negative Pledge

 

2.1 Status

 

The Bonds constitute direct, unconditional, unsubordinated and (subject to Section 2.2) unsecured obligations of the Issuer and shall at all times rank pari passu and without preference among themselves and at least equally with all other unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of the Issuer, present and future (subject to any obligations preferred by mandatory provisions of law).

 

 

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2.2 Negative Pledge

 

So long as any Bond remains outstanding (as defined in the Trust Deed), the Issuer will not, and will ensure that none of its Material Subsidiaries will, create or permit to subsist any mortgage, charge, lien, pledge or other security interest, upon the whole or any part of its present or future undertaking, assets or revenues (including any uncalled capital) to secure any Capital Markets Indebtedness or to secure any guarantee or indemnity in respect of any Capital Markets Indebtedness, without at the same time or prior thereto providing the Bonds with the same security as is created or subsisting to secure any such Capital Markets Indebtedness, guarantee or indemnity or such other security as either (i) the Trustee shall in its absolute discretion deem not materially less beneficial to the interest of the Bondholders or (ii) shall be approved by an Extraordinary Resolution of the Bondholders.

 

In this Section 2.2, “Capital Markets Indebtedness” means any present or future indebtedness (whether being principal, interest or other amounts) which is in the form of, or represented or evidenced by, bonds, notes, debentures, loan stock or other securities, whether issued for cash or in whole or in part for a consideration other than cash, which for the time being are, or are intended to be or capable of being, quoted, listed or dealt in or traded on any stock exchange or over-the-counter or other securities market.

 

3 Payments

 

3.1 Principal

 

Unless previously redeemed, converted, settled or purchased and cancelled as provided herein, the principal amount of each Bond will be payable on the Maturity Date. The amount due on the Maturity Date shall be 100 per cent. of its principal amount (the “Redemption Price”).

 

3.2 Interest

 

(a) Generally

 

The Bonds bear interest from and including the Closing Date at a rate of 2.25 per cent. per annum, payable semi-annually in arrear in equal instalments on 25 July and 25 January in each year and on the Maturity Date (each an “Interest Payment Date”), commencing on 25 July 2019. The interest payable on each Interest Payment Date will be the interest accrued (a) in respect of the interest period commencing on the Closing Date, from and including the Closing Date to but excluding such Interest Payment Date; and (b) in respect of each subsequent interest period, from and including the most recent prior Interest Payment Date to which interest on the Bonds has been fully paid or duly provided for, to but excluding such Interest Payment Date (each, an “Interest Period”). The amount of interest payable in respect of a Bond for any period (a “Short Period”) which is shorter than an Interest Period shall be calculated on the basis of the number of days in such Short Period from (and including) the first day of such Short Period to (but excluding) the last day of such Short Period divided by the product of (x) the number of days from (and including) the first day of such Short Period to (but excluding) the Interest Payment Date falling after the first day of such Short Period and (y) the number of Interest Periods normally ending in any year.

 

(b) Accrued Interest

 

In respect of any Bonds for which a Conversion Notice has been given, interest shall cease to accrue with effect from the Interest Payment Date immediately preceding the relevant Conversion Date (or, if none, the Closing Date) and, subject as provided below, no interest shall be paid on such Bonds in respect of any period commencing on or after such Interest Payment Date (or, as the case may be, the Closing Date) to which interest on the Bonds has been fully paid or duly provided for.

 

 

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In respect of Bonds for which the Issuer has given a Redemption Notice and subsequently Conversion Rights have been exercised, interest shall accrue at the rate provided in Section 3.2(a) above to but excluding the Conversion Date if the Redemption Notice is given on or after the 15th Business Day prior to a Dividend Determination Date in respect of any Cash or Stock Dividend on the Shares, and the redemption date specified in such notice falls on or prior to 14 Business Days after the first Interest Payment Date following such Dividend Determination Date. The Issuer shall pay any such interest by not later than 14 days after the relevant Conversion Date by transfer to a euro account with a bank in a city in which banks have access to the TARGET System in accordance with instructions given by the relevant Bondholder in the relevant Conversion Notice. However, no such interest shall be paid if the relevant Cash or Stock Dividend on the Shares has resulted in an adjustment to the Conversion Price and which is applicable to the relevant exercise of Conversion Rights.

 

Where a Bond is redeemed pursuant to Section 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 or 4.4, interest on such Bond will accrue up to, but excluding, the due date for redemption thereof unless payment of principal is improperly withheld or refused, in which event interest will continue to accrue at the rate specified in Section 3.2(a) (both before and after judgment) up to, but excluding, the Relevant Date.

 

(c) Repayment of Certain Amounts

 

If any Bondholder shall have received any interest payment to which it was not entitled by virtue of Section 3.2(d) below, such Bondholder shall promptly repay the amount of such interest payment to the Issuer by wire transfer in immediately available funds or in such other manner notified by the Issuer to such Bondholder.

 

(d) Record Date

 

The interest payable on any Interest Payment Date will be paid to the Person in whose name the Bonds are registered at 5:00 p.m. (local time in the place of payment) on the Record Date. In these Conditions, “Record Date” means the date falling five Business Days before the due date for any payment.

 

3.3 Due Date not a Business Day

 

Notwithstanding any other provision of the Bonds or the Agency Agreement, if the date on which any principal, interest or other payment obligation is due falls on a day that is not a Business Day, the Issuer shall have until (and including) the next succeeding Business Day to satisfy its payment obligation, and any such payment shall be given the same force and effect as if made on the date on which such principal, interest or other payment obligation was due. Bondholders shall not be entitled to any further interest or other payments for such delay.

 

3.4 Overdue Payment Obligations

 

Any overdue principal of or interest on the Bonds, or any other overdue amount on any payment obligation hereunder, will bear interest payable on demand at a rate per annum equal to EURIBOR but not less than zero, from and including the date of default to but excluding the date when paid.

 

 

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3.5 Payment Procedures

 

The Issuer will, unless otherwise specified in these Conditions, discharge its payment obligations hereunder by paying to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent under the Agency Agreement, and causing the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent to tender to each Bondholder, on or before the due date thereof for value as of such due date an amount of euros in immediately available funds that is sufficient to satisfy such payment obligation. All amounts payable to any Bondholder hereunder, or to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent under the Agency Agreement will, unless otherwise specified in these Conditions, be paid to such account as appears on the Bonds Register at 5:00 p.m. (local time in the place of payment) on the Record Date or as the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent shall notify to the Issuer, as the case may be, in accordance with the terms of the Agency Agreement. Bonds in certificated form shall be presented and surrendered for payment on maturity at the office of the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent or such other establishment as notified to the Bondholders from time to time in accordance with Section 15.7.

 

4 Redemption

 

4.1 Redemption at the Option of the Issuer

 

On giving not less than 30 nor more than 60 days’ notice (an “Optional Redemption Notice”) to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, the Trustee and to the Bondholders in accordance with Section 15.7, the Issuer may elect to redeem all but not some only of the Bonds on the date (the “Optional Redemption Date”) specified in the Optional Redemption Notice at the Redemption Price, together with accrued but unpaid interest up to (but excluding) the Optional Redemption Date:

 

(a) at any time on or after 9 February 2022, if the Parity Value on each of at least 20 Trading Days in any period of 30 consecutive Trading Days ending not more than seven Trading Days prior to the giving of the relevant Optional Redemption Notice, shall have equalled or exceeded €130,000, as verified by the Calculation Agent; or

 

(b) at any time following the date on which Conversion Rights become exercisable if, prior to the date the relevant Optional Redemption Notice is given, Conversion Rights or Investor Cash Settlement Rights shall have been exercised and/or purchases (and corresponding cancellations) and/or redemptions effected in respect of 85 per cent. or more in principal amount of the Bonds originally issued (which shall for this purpose include any Further Bonds).

 

4.2 Redemption for Taxation Reasons

 

At any time the Issuer may, having given not less than 30 nor more than 60 days’ notice (a “Tax Redemption Notice”) to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, the Trustee and the Bondholders in accordance with Section 15.7, redeem (subject to the second following paragraph) all but not some only of the Bonds outstanding on the date (the “Tax Redemption Date”) specified in the Tax Redemption Notice at the Redemption Price plus accrued interest to but excluding the Tax Redemption Date, if (a) the Issuer satisfies the Trustee immediately prior to the giving of such notice that the Issuer has or will become obliged to pay additional amounts in respect of payments of interest on the Bonds pursuant to Section 6 as a result of any change in, or amendment to, the laws or regulations of any Taxing Jurisdiction or any political subdivision or any authority thereof or therein having power to tax, or any change in the general application or official interpretation of such laws or regulations, which change or amendment becomes effective on or after 18 January 2019, and (b) such obligation cannot be avoided by the Issuer taking reasonable measures available to it, provided that no such notice of redemption shall be given earlier than 90 days prior to the earliest date on which the Issuer would be obliged to pay such additional amounts were a payment in respect of the Bonds then due. Prior to the publication of any notice of redemption pursuant to this paragraph, the Issuer shall deliver to the Trustee (1) a certificate signed by a member of the board of management (lid van de raad van bestuur) of the Issuer stating that the Issuer is entitled to effect such redemption and setting forth a statement of facts showing that the conditions precedent to the right of the Issuer so to redeem have occurred, and (2) an opinion of independent legal or tax advisers of recognised standing to the effect that such change or amendment has occurred and that the Issuer has or will become obliged to pay such additional amounts as a result thereof (irrespective of whether such amendment or change is then effective).

 

 

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On the Tax Redemption Date the Issuer shall (subject to the next following paragraph) redeem the Bonds at the Redemption Price, together with accrued interest to such date.

 

If the Issuer gives a Tax Redemption Notice, each Bondholder will have the right to elect that its Bonds shall not be redeemed and that the provisions of Section 6 shall not apply in respect of any payment of interest to be made on such Bonds which falls due after the relevant Tax Redemption Date, whereupon no additional amounts shall be payable in respect thereof pursuant to Section 6 and payment of all amounts of such interest on such Bonds shall be made subject to the deduction or withholding of any taxation in the relevant Taxing Jurisdiction required to be withheld or deducted. To exercise such right, the holder of the relevant Bond must complete, sign and deposit at the specified office of the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent or any Conversion Agent, a duly completed and signed notice of election, in the form for the time being current, obtainable from the specified office of the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent or any Conversion Agent together with the relevant Bonds on or before the day falling 10 days prior to the Tax Redemption Date.

 

4.3 Redemption due to non-satisfaction of Share Settlement Condition

 

The Issuer (A) may, at any time after an EGM has been held (at which Shareholder Resolutions have been presented) but the Shareholder Resolutions have not been passed, and (B) shall, (i) if the Shareholder Resolutions have not been passed on or before the Long Stop Date or (ii) a No-Acquisition Event has occurred, having given not less than 30 nor more than 60 days’ notice to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, the Trustee and the Bondholders in accordance with Section 15.7:

 

(i) in the case of (A) or (B)(i) above, such notice (a “Shareholder Event Notice”) to be given not later than the date which is the tenth Business Day following the Long Stop Date (the “Shareholder Event Notice Deadline”); or

 

(ii) in the case of (B)(ii) above, such notice (a “No-Acquisition Event Notice”) to be given not later than the date which is the tenth Business Day following the date on which the No-Acquisition Event occurs,

 

in each case, redeem all but not some only of the Bonds outstanding on the date (the “Fair Bond Value Redemption Date”) falling three Business Days after the end of the Fair Bond Value Calculation Period at an amount equal to the Fair Bond Value Redemption Price.

 

 

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4.4 Redemption at the Option of Bondholders upon a Change of Control

 

Following the occurrence of a Change of Control, the holder of each Bond will have the right to require the Issuer to redeem that Bond on the Change of Control Put Date at its Redemption Price, plus accrued interest to but excluding the Change of Control Put Date. To exercise such right, the holder of the relevant Bond must deliver such Bond to the specified office of the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent or any Conversion Agent, together with a duly completed and signed notice of exercise in the form for the time being current obtainable from the specified office of the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent or any Conversion Agent (a “Change of Control Put Exercise Notice”), at any time during the Change of Control Period. The “Change of Control Put Date” shall be the fourteenth calendar day after the expiry of the Change of Control Period.

 

Payment in respect of any such Bond shall be made by transfer to a euro account with a bank in a city in which banks have access to the TARGET System as specified by the relevant Bondholder in the relevant Change of Control Put Exercise Notice.

 

A Change of Control Put Exercise Notice, once delivered, shall be irrevocable and the Issuer shall redeem all Bonds the subject of Change of Control Put Exercise Notices delivered as aforesaid on the Change of Control Put Date.

 

Within 14 calendar days following the occurrence of a Change of Control, the Issuer shall give notice thereof to the Bondholders in accordance with Section 15.7 (a “Change of Control Notice”). The Change of Control Notice shall contain a statement informing Bondholders of their entitlement to exercise their Investor Cash Settlement Rights or Conversion Rights, as the case may be, as provided in these Conditions and their entitlement to exercise their rights to require redemption of their Bonds pursuant to this Section 4.4.

 

The Change of Control Notice shall also specify:

 

(a) all information material to Bondholders concerning the Change of Control;

 

(b) the Conversion Price immediately prior to the occurrence of the Change of Control and the Change of Control Conversion Price applicable pursuant to Section 5.4(c) during the Change of Control Period on the basis of the Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to the occurrence of the Change of Control;

 

(c) the Closing Price of the Shares as at the latest practicable date prior to the publication of the Change of Control Notice;

 

(d) the Change of Control Period;

 

(e) the Change of Control Put Date; and

 

(f) such other information relating to the Change of Control as the Trustee may reasonably require.

 

The Trustee shall not be required to monitor or take any steps to ascertain whether a Change of Control or any event which could lead to a Change of Control has occurred or may occur and will not be responsible or liable to Bondholders or any other person for any loss arising from any failure by it to do so.

 

4.5 Redemption Notices

 

Any Redemption Notice shall be irrevocable. Any such notice shall specify (i) the Optional Redemption Date, the Tax Redemption Date or, as the case may be, the expected Fair Bond Value Redemption Date which shall be a Business Day, (ii) the Conversion Price, the aggregate principal amount of the Bonds outstanding and the Closing Price of the Shares, in each case as at the latest practicable date prior to the publication of the Redemption Notice and (iii) the last day on which Investor Cash Settlement Rights or Conversion Rights, as applicable, may be exercised by Bondholders.

 

 

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5 Conversion Rights and Investor Cash Settlement Rights

 

5.1 Conversion Rights, Investor Cash Settlement Rights and Conversion Price

 

(a) Conversion Rights and Investor Cash Settlement Rights

 

Subject as provided in these Conditions, each Bond shall entitle the Bondholder to require the Issuer to:

 

(i) if the Issuer shall have given a Physical Settlement Notice and provided that the relevant Conversion Date falls during the Conversion Period, convert each Bond into the relevant number of Shares as provided in Section 5.3 (“Conversion Rights”), as determined by the Calculation Agent by reference to the conversion price (the “Conversion Price”) in effect on the relevant Conversion Date; and

 

(ii) upon the occurrence of a Change of Control (if any) prior to the start of the Conversion Period and in circumstances where the relevant Conversion Date falls within the Change of Control Period and prior to the Conversion Period, settle such Bond at the relevant Cash Alternative Amount (the “Investor Cash Settlement Right”).

 

Subject to and as provided in these Conditions and following the Physical Settlement Date (if any), Conversion Rights may only be exercised from the later of (i) such Physical Settlement Date (inclusive) and (ii) 7 March 2019 (inclusive) in each case, until (and including) the earlier of (a) the seventh Business Day preceding the Maturity Date or (b) if the Bonds have been called for redemption prior to the Maturity Date, the seventh Business Day preceding the relevant redemption date.

 

The period during which Conversion Rights may (subject as provided herein) be exercised by a Bondholder is referred to as the “Conversion Period”. Investor Cash Settlement Rights may not be exercised at any time if the relevant Conversion Date would fall during the Conversion Period.

 

The Issuer shall, not later than 5 Business Days following the Long Stop Date (or, if the Share Settlement Condition is satisfied prior to the Long Stop Date, not later than 5 Business Days following satisfaction of the Share Settlement Condition) give notice to the Bondholders in accordance with Section 15.7 and to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, the Registrar and the Calculation Agent:

 

(1) where the Share Settlement Condition has been satisfied, stating that with effect from and including the Physical Settlement Date specified in such notice, Conversion Rights shall be exercisable (such notice, the “Physical Settlement Notice”); or

 

(2) where the Share Settlement Condition has not been satisfied, stating that the Share Settlement Condition has not been satisfied and that it intends to redeem the Bonds by publishing a Shareholder Event Notice in accordance with Section 4.3(i).

 

 

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(b) Conversion Price

 

The initial Conversion Price is €69.525 per Share. The Conversion Price is subject to adjustment in the circumstances described in Section 5.4.

 

5.2 Procedures for Exercising Investor Cash Settlement Rights and Conversion Rights

 

(a) Delivery of Conversion Notice on exercise of Investor Cash Settlement Rights and Conversion Rights

 

Subject to the terms and conditions of this Section 5.2, each Bondholder may exercise its Investor Cash Settlement Rights or Conversion Rights by giving at its own expense to the Conversion Agent a conversion notice (and, if required under Section 5.2(c) below, the relevant Bond certificate) substantially in the form set forth in the Agency Agreement (a “Conversion Notice”). The Business Day following the day on which such Conversion Notice shall have been received (or, if such day is not a Business Day, the following Business Day) by the Conversion Agent shall be the “Conversion Date” and shall be deemed to be the date on which Investor Cash Settlement Rights or, as the case may be, Conversion Rights, have been exercised. Copies of the Conversion Notice can be obtained during normal business hours at the registered office of the Conversion Agent. Shares to be delivered following an exercise of Conversion Rights will be delivered by credit to an account with a financial institution. The Bondholder must include sufficient details about the account and the financial institution in the Conversion Notice to permit the Issuer to make or to cause to be made such delivery by credit to such account. Once delivered to the Conversion Agent, a Conversion Notice will be irrevocable unless an Event of Default shall have occurred and is continuing on the Delivery Date, in which case the relevant Bondholders shall be entitled to revoke the relevant Conversion Notice by giving notice to the Conversion Agent.

 

(b) Write-down of Global Bond Certificate

 

If the Bondholder is a Central Securities Depository (as defined below) and the certificate evidencing the Bonds being converted is the Global Bond Certificate, the Bondholder must certify to the Conversion Agent that the principal amount of such global certificate will be written down upon the conversion to reflect such conversion as provided in the Agency Agreement.

 

(c) Surrender of Bond Certificates

 

Any other Bondholder must surrender any certificate evidencing the Bonds being converted to the Conversion Agent on or before the Conversion Date.

 

5.3 Delivery of Shares and Payment of Cash Alternative Amount

 

(a) Delivery of Shares

 

Where Conversion Rights shall have been exercised, the Issuer shall deliver to the relevant Bondholder or Bondholders such number of Shares equal to the Reference Shares in respect of such exercise, thereby satisfying by way of set off the obligation to pay up the issue price of the Shares (which issue price shall be equal to the principal amount of the Bonds to be converted).

 

 

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(b) Fractions

 

Fractions of Shares will not be issued or transferred and delivered and no cash payment or other adjustment will be made in lieu thereof.

 

If a Conversion Right in respect of more than one Bond is exercised at any one time such that Shares to be issued and delivered in respect of such exercise are to be delivered to the same person, the number of Shares to be issued and delivered in respect thereof shall be calculated by the Calculation Agent on the basis of the aggregate principal amount of such Bonds, and rounded down to the nearest whole number of Shares in accordance with, and subject to, the definition of Reference Shares.

 

(c) Procedures for Delivery of Shares

 

Following the exercise of Conversion Rights by a Bondholder, the Issuer shall deliver, or procure the delivery, to the relevant Bondholder or Bondholders the Reference Shares (if any) on or before the relevant Delivery Date by crediting the account with the financial institution specified by in the relevant Conversion Notice with the Reference Shares.

 

All Shares delivered to Bondholders on exercise of Conversion Rights will be fully paid and non-assessable on the relevant Delivery Date. In these Conditions, “non-assessable” (which term has no equivalent in Dutch) means that neither the Issuer nor any other Person has any right to require the holder of a Share to pay to the Issuer or any other Person any additional or further amount solely as a result of its holding of such Share.

 

Delivery Date” means the date on which the relevant Reference Shares are issued and/or delivered to the relevant Bondholder, which shall be no later than the date falling five Trading Days following the relevant Conversion Date (or, if later, the date falling five Trading Days following the first date on which the Conversion Price in effect on the Conversion Date is capable of being determined in accordance with these Conditions).

 

(d) Settlement Disruption Event

 

If a Settlement Disruption Event occurs between the Conversion Date and the Delivery Date, and delivery of any Shares cannot be effected on the Delivery Date, then solely for purposes of this Section 5.3 the Delivery Date will be postponed until the first succeeding calendar day on which delivery of the Shares can take place through a national or international settlement system or in any other commercially reasonable manner.

 

(e) No Payment or Adjustment for Accrued Dividends

 

Shares made available to Bondholders on exercise of their Conversion Rights will rank pari passu in all respects with the fully paid Shares in issue on the relevant Delivery Date, except that Bondholders will not be entitled to receive any dividend or other distribution declared payable to holders of Shares by reference to a record date falling prior to the Conversion Date. No interest or other amount or adjustment will be paid or made in respect of any such dividend or dividends.

 

(f) Ranking

 

Where a Bondholder shall have exercised its Conversion Rights, the relevant Bondholder or Bondholders shall be entitled to all dividends, distributions and other entitlements determined by reference to a record date on or after the relevant Conversion Date.

 

 

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(g) Cash Alternative Amount

 

The Issuer will pay the Cash Alternative Amount, together with any other amount due in satisfaction of the relevant exercise of Investor Cash Settlement Rights, by not later than five Trading Days following the last day of the Cash Alternative Calculation Period by transfer to a euro account with a bank in a city in which banks have access to the TARGET System in accordance with instructions given by the relevant Bondholder in the relevant Conversion Notice. The Bondholder must include sufficient details about the account and the financial institution in the Conversion Notice to permit the Issuer to make or to cause to be made such delivery by credit to such account.

 

5.4 Adjustment of Conversion Price

 

(a) Non-Merger Events

 

The Conversion Price will be adjusted by (unless otherwise specified) the Calculation Agent as follows under the following circumstances (each, an “Adjustment Event”):

 

(i) Stock Split or Consolidation

 

If there shall have occurred a subdivision or consolidation of the Shares (except for a Merger Event) into a greater or lesser number of Shares, the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the date on which such event occurred by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 1 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(ii) Granting of Rights or Warrants for Shares

 

If the Issuer grants or causes to be granted a right, warrant or other security to existing holders of Shares as a class giving them the right to purchase or subscribe for additional Shares, (for the avoidance of doubt, other than constituting a Cash or Stock Dividend), the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the Ex-Date of such grant by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 2 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(iii) Sale of Shares at a Substantial Discount

 

If the Issuer issues Shares for no consideration or sells Shares for cash, or causes Shares to be sold for cash, for a price that is less than 95 per cent. of the Current Market Price for the Shares on the date of first public announcement of the terms of such sale (other than in the circumstances the subject of Section 5.4(a)(ii) or 5.4(a)(iv)), the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the date of issuance of the Shares by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 3 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

 

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(iv) Free Distributions of Shares

 

If the Issuer makes or causes to be made a free distribution of Shares by way of capitalisation of profits or reserves to existing holders of Shares as a class (other than constituting a Cash or Stock Dividend), the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the Ex-Date of such distribution by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 1 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(v) Free Distribution of an Equity-Linked Security

 

If the Issuer makes or causes to be made a free distribution or dividend of securities that are convertible, exchangeable or otherwise exercisable into the Shares to existing holders of Shares as a class (other than in the circumstances the subject of Section 5.4(a)(ii)), the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the Ex-Date of such free distribution or dividend by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 2 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(vi) Granting of Rights or Warrants for an Equity-Linked Security

 

If the Issuer grants or causes to be granted a right, warrant or other security to existing holders of Shares as a class giving them the right to purchase or subscribe for securities that are convertible, exchangeable or otherwise exercisable into the Shares, (other than in the circumstances the subject of Section 5.4(a)(v)) the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the Ex-Date of such grant by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 2 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(vii) Issuance of Equity-Linked Securities at a Substantial Discount

 

If the Issuer issues for no consideration or issues and sells for cash, or causes to be issued and sold for cash, securities that are convertible, exchangeable or otherwise exercisable into, or grants rights or options to purchase or subscribe, Shares (other than in the circumstances the subject of Section 5.4(a)(v) or Section 5.4(a)(vi)) and the price per equity-linked security (determined on a per Share basis by reference to the initial conversion or exchange price or ratio) together with any other consideration received or receivable by the Issuer in respect of such equity-linked security (determined on a per Share basis as aforesaid) is less than 95 per cent. of the Current Market Price for the Shares on the date of first public announcement of the terms of such newly issued equity-linked securities, the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the date of issuance of such equity-linked security by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 3 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(viii) Granting of Rights or Warrants for other Property

 

If the Issuer grants a right, warrant or other security giving the right to purchase at less than Fair Market Value (determined as at the Ex-Date of such grant), any other property (not covered by another Section of this Section 5.4(a)) to existing holders of Shares, the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the Ex-Date of such grant by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 2 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

 

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  (ix) Cash or Stock Dividend

If a Cash or Stock Dividend is paid or made on the Shares, where the Ex-Date in respect of such Cash or Stock Dividend falls on or after the Closing Date, then the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the Ex-Date of such Cash or Stock Dividend, by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 5 in Section 5.4(b) below.

  (x) Spin-off or Subdivision of Shares into Classes

If the Issuer distributes, or causes to be distributed, to existing holders of Shares (a “Spin-off Event”) equity securities of any entity other than the Issuer (the “Spin-off Securities”), or subdivides (a “Reclassification”) the Shares into two or more separately quoted classes of equity securities (such new classes of equity securities, the “Reclassified Securities”), then one of the following adjustments will be made (as appropriate and subject as provided therein), as selected by the Issuer (in consultation with an Independent Financial Adviser) from among the options applicable to such event, effective as of the Ex-Date of any Spin-off Event or as of the effective date of any Reclassification:

  (1) in the case of a Spin-off Event or a Reclassification where the Spin-off Securities or Reclassified Securities, as the case may be, are publicly traded on a Recognised Exchange, the Shares shall thereafter comprise the securities comprising either the Shares immediately prior to such adjustment together with the Spin-off Securities (in the case of a Spin-off Event) or the Reclassified Securities (in the case of a Reclassification), in either case in the same amount as the Bondholder would have been entitled to receive had he converted the Bonds into Shares immediately prior to the record date of such Spin-off Event or the effective date of such Reclassification;
     
  (2) in the case of a Spin-off Event, the Conversion Price will be adjusted by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by the fraction expressed by Formula 2 in Section 5.4(b) below;
     
  (3) in the case of a Spin-off Event, where the Spin-off Securities are publicly traded on a Recognised Exchange, within five Trading Days after the Ex-Date of the Spin-off Event, the Issuer will deliver the Spinoff Securities to each Bondholder in the same amount as the Bondholder would have been entitled to receive had he converted the Bonds into Shares immediately prior to the record date of such Spin-off Event or the effective date of such Reclassification; or
     
  (4) in the case of a Spin-off Event, where the Spin-off Securities are publicly traded on a Recognised Exchange, within five Trading Days after the Ex-Date of the Spin-off Event, the Issuer will pay to each Bondholder an amount in cash in euros (rounded to the nearest 0.01, with 0.005 rounded upwards) equal to the number of such Spin-off Securities as such Bondholder would have been entitled to receive had he converted the Bonds into Shares immediately prior to the record date of such Spin-off Event multiplied by the Fair Market Value of the Spin-off Securities on a per Share basis.

 

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If the Issuer selects option (1):

  (y) in the case of a Spin-off Event, each Bond will thereafter be convertible into the Shares and the relevant Spin-off Securities (in the amount determined as provided in option (1) subject to adjustment mutatis mutandis as provided in these Conditions and for such purposes the initial Conversion Price in respect of such Spin-off Securities upon the relevant Spin-off Event shall be calculated by dividing the principal amount of each Bond by the number of Spin-off Securities the holder of such Bond would have been entitled to receive had he converted the Bonds into Shares immediately prior to the record date of such Spin-off Event).

No adjustment shall be made to the Conversion Price in respect of the Shares as a result of such Spin-off Event.

  (z) in the case of a Reclassification, the Bonds will thereafter be convertible into each class of the Reclassified Securities (in each case in the amount determined as provided in option (1) subject to adjustment mutatis mutandis as provided in these Conditions) and for such purposes the initial Conversion Price in respect of each class of Reclassified Securities upon the Reclassification shall be calculated by dividing the principal amount of each Bond by the number of such Reclassified Securities as the holder of such Bond would have been entitled to receive had he converted the Bonds into Shares immediately prior to the effective date of such Reclassification. If the Issuer shall select option (3) or (4) the Bonds will continue to be convertible into Shares as provided in these Conditions and no adjustment shall be made to the Conversion Price as a result of the relevant Spin-off Event.

  (xi) Share Buybacks by means of a Tender or Exchange Offer above Market

If the Issuer or any of its Subsidiaries commences a tender or exchange offer for the Shares and the Fair Market Value of the cash and other consideration offered per Share (determined as at the Expiration Time) exceeds the value of “P” in Formula 4 in Section 5.4(b) below, the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the Trading Day immediately following the Expiration Time (as defined below) by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by the fraction (which shall not be greater than one) expressed by Formula 4 in Section 5.4(b) below. For the avoidance of doubt, this clause does not apply to on-market buybacks by the Issuer other than by means of a tender or exchange offer (such as on-market buybacks that are part of a buyback programme).

 

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  (b) Adjustment Formulae

The formulae to be applied in Section 5.4(a) above to adjust the Conversion Price are as follows:

Formula 1 (Sections 5.4(a)(i) and 5.4(a)(iv) above):

X
Y

  where:  
       
  X = the number of Shares outstanding immediately prior to the occurrence of such event.
       
  Y = the number of Shares outstanding immediately after the occurrence of such event.

Formula 2 (Sections 5.4(a)(ii), 5.4(a)(v), 5.4(a)(vi), 5.4(a)(viii) and 5.4(a)(x)(2) above):

P - d
P
     
  where:  
       
  P = the Current Market Price on the first day on which the Shares are traded on the Relevant Exchange ex the relevant distribution, dividend, rights, warrants or other securities or other property.
       
  d = the Fair Market Value per Share of the distribution, dividend, rights, warrants or securities or other property the subject of the relevant grant, as the case may be, such Fair Market Value as aforesaid being determined as at the first day on which the Shares are traded on the Relevant Exchange ex such distribution, dividend, rights, warrants or other securities or other property.
       
  Formula 3 (Sections 5.4(a)(iii) and 5.4(a)(vii) above):
   
X + (Z x c/P)
X + Z
     
  where:  
       
  X = the number of Shares outstanding immediately prior to the date of first public announcement of the terms of the relevant issue or sale.
       
  P = the Current Market Price on the date of first public announcement of the terms of the relevant issue or sale.
       
  Z = the number of (i) Shares to be sold or (ii) Shares into which such other securities to be sold or issued are convertible, exchangeable or otherwise exercisable.
       
  c = (i) the sale price per security of the Shares to be sold or (ii) the sale price of the securities to be sold or issued that are convertible, exchangeable or otherwise exercisable into the Shares, together with any other consideration received or receivable in respect of such securities, in each case determined on a per Share basis by reference to the initial issue, sale, conversion or exchange price or ratio, as the case may be (and in any such case if the relevant Shares or securities are issued for no consideration, the sale price shall be zero).

 

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Formula 4 (Section 5.4(a)(xi) above):

N1 x P
A + (N2 x P)

 

  where:  
       
  N1 = the number of Shares outstanding at the latest time (the “Expiration Time”) tenders or exchanges may be made pursuant to such tender or exchange offer (as it shall have been amended), inclusive of all Shares validly tendered or exchanged and not withdrawn as of the Expiration Time (the “Purchased Shares”).
       
  N2 = the number of Shares outstanding at the Expiration Time, exclusive of any Purchased Shares.
       
  P = the Current Market Price of the Shares on the date of first public announcement of the terms of the tender or exchange offer.
       
  A = the Fair Market Value (determined as at the Expiration Time) of the aggregate consideration payable to holders of Shares based on the acceptance (up to any maximum specified in the terms of the tender or exchange offer) of the Purchased Shares.
       
  Formula 5 (Section 5.4(a)(ix) above):
       
P - d
P
       
  P = the Current Market Price of the Shares on the Ex-Date in respect of the relevant Cash or Stock Dividend.
       
  d = the Fair Market Value of the relevant Cash or Stock Dividend per Share as at the Ex-Date of such Cash or Stock Dividend.

  (c) Change of Control

If a Change of Control occurs, the Conversion Price (the “Change of Control Conversion Price”) in respect of any Bonds in respect of which Investor Cash Settlement Rights or Conversion Rights are exercised and the Conversion Date falls during the Change of Control Period, will be determined as set out below:

COCCP = OCP/(1+ (CP x c/t))

       
  where:    
         
    COCCP = means the Change of Control Conversion Price
         
    OCP = means the Conversion Price in effect on the relevant Conversion Date
         
    CP = means 35 per cent.
         
    c = means the number of days from and including the date the Change of Control occurs to but excluding the Maturity Date
         
    t = means the number of days from and including the Closing Date to but excluding the Maturity Date

 

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  (d) Merger Events

If, in respect of a Merger Event, the consideration for the Shares consists (or, at the option of the holder of the Shares, may consist) of New Securities, Other Consideration or Combined Consideration, then on or after the Merger Date each Bond shall be convertible into the number of New Securities, the amount of Other Consideration or the amount of Combined Consideration, as the case may be, to which a holder of the number of Shares which would have been required to be delivered had such Bond been converted immediately prior to the Merger Event would be entitled upon consummation of the Merger Event. Where pursuant to the foregoing the Bonds will be convertible into property including or comprising New Securities, the initial Conversion Price in respect of such New Securities shall be calculated by dividing the principal amount of each Bond by the number of such New Securities (determined as provided above), all as determined by an Independent Financial Adviser.

  (e) Other Adjustments

No adjustment to the Conversion Price will be required other than those specified above. However, if the Issuer (following consultation with the Calculation Agent) determines in good faith that an adjustment should be made to the Conversion Price (or that a determination should be made as to whether an adjustment should be made) as a result of one or more events or circumstances not referred to above in this Section 5.4 (even if the relevant event or circumstances are specifically excluded from the operation of any or all of Sections 5.4(a) and 5.4(c) above), the Issuer shall, at its own expense and acting reasonably, in consultation with the Calculation Agent, request an Independent Financial Adviser to determine as soon as practicable what adjustment (if any) to the Conversion Price is fair and reasonable to take account of such events or circumstances and the date on which such adjustment should take effect. Upon such determination, such adjustment (if any) shall be made and shall take effect in accordance with such determination.

  (f) Procedures

Except as otherwise provided, the Calculation Agent (or, to the extent so specified in these Conditions, an Independent Financial Adviser) will make all adjustments to the Conversion Price pursuant to Sections 5.4(a), 5.4(c), 5.4(d) and 5.4(e) above, and its calculation shall be binding on all parties except in the event of bad faith or manifest or proven error.

The Calculation Agent shall act solely as agent of the Issuer and will not thereby assume any obligation towards, or relationship of agency or trust with, and shall not incur any liability in respect of anything done or omitted to be done when acting in such Calculation Agency capacity as against the Trustee or the Bondholders, and the Calculation Agent shall not be required or be under any duty to monitor whether any event or other circumstance shall have occurred that would give rise to an adjustment to the Conversion Price. The Calculation Agent shall not be under any duty to monitor whether any event or circumstance has occurred or exists or may occur or exist which would entitle the Bondholders to exercise Investor Cash Settlement Rights or Conversion Rights.

 

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The Calculation Agent may consult, at the expense of the Issuer, on any matter (including but not limited to, any legal matter), any legal or other professional adviser and it shall be able to rely upon, and it shall not be liable and shall incur no liability as against the Trustee or the Bondholders in respect of anything done, or omitted to be done, relating to that matter in good faith in accordance with, that adviser’s opinion.

Any Independent Financial Adviser appointed pursuant to these Conditions will not assume any obligation towards or relationship of agency or trust with, and shall not be liable and shall incur no liability in respect of anything done, or omitted to be done in good faith, in accordance with these Conditions as against the Trustee or the Bondholders.

All references in the foregoing provisions to the number of Shares outstanding shall exclude Shares held by or on behalf of the Issuer or any Subsidiary.

None of the foregoing adjustment provisions shall apply to any bona fide plan for the benefit of employees, directors or consultants of the Issuer or any of its Subsidiaries now or hereafter in effect.

The Conversion Price resulting from any adjustment provided for in Section 5.4(a), 5.4(c) or 5.4(e) above will be rounded down to the nearest 0.0001, subject to Section 5.4(g).

  (g) De Minimis Exception

No adjustment to the Conversion Price pursuant to Sections 5.4(a), 5.4(c) and 5.4(e) above will be made if the adjustment would result in a change in the Conversion Price of less than 1 per cent. of the then prevailing Conversion Price, provided that any adjustment that would otherwise be required to be made and any amount by which the Conversion Price has been rounded down pursuant to Section 5.4(f) above will be carried forward and taken into account in any subsequent adjustment.

  (h) Notice

The Issuer shall give notice to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, the Trustee and the Bondholders in accordance with Section 15.7 of any change (or, at the Issuer’s discretion, any prospective change) to the Conversion Price as soon as reasonably practicable following such change (or, if the notice is given in respect of a prospective change, at such time as the Issuer shall determine).

  (i) Share or Option Schemes, Dividend Reinvestment Plans

No adjustment will be made to the Conversion Price pursuant to this Section 5.4 where Shares or other securities (including rights, warrants and options) are issued, offered, exercised, allotted, purchased, appropriated, modified or granted to, or for the benefit of, employees or former employees (including directors holding or formerly holding executive office or non-executive office or the personal service company of any such person) or their spouses or relatives, in each case, of the Issuer or any of its Subsidiaries or any associated company or to a trustee or trustees to be held for the benefit of any such person, in any such case pursuant to any share or option scheme or pursuant to any dividend reinvestment plan or similar plan or scheme.

 

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  5.5 Stamp, Transfer, Registration or other Taxes or Duties

The Issuer shall pay all capital, stamp, issue, registration, transfer and other taxes or duties imposed by The Netherlands, or any jurisdiction in which the Issuer may be domiciled or resident or to whose taxing jurisdiction the Issuer may generally be subject, payable upon delivery of Shares on exercise of Conversion Rights (“Specified Taxes”). If the Issuer shall fail to pay any Specified Taxes, the relevant Bondholder shall be entitled to tender and pay the same and the Issuer as a separate and independent stipulation, covenants to reimburse and indemnify each Bondholder in respect of any payment thereof and any penalties payable in respect thereof.

A Bondholder exercising Conversion Rights must pay directly to the relevant authorities any capital, stamp, issue, registration, transfer and other taxes or duties arising on the exercise of such Conversion Rights, other than any Specified Taxes. A Bondholder must also pay all, if any, taxes imposed on it and arising by reference to any disposal or deemed disposal by it of a Bond or interest therein in connection with the exercise of Investor Cash Settlement Rights or Conversion Rights by it.

Any duties or taxes payable by a Bondholder pursuant to this Section 5.5 in the jurisdiction of the Conversion Agent with whom the relevant Conversion Notice is deposited shall be required to be paid to such Conversion Agent as a condition precedent to conversion. None of the Issuer, the Trustee or any Agent will impose any charge upon the exercise of Investor Cash Settlement Rights or Conversion Rights.

  5.6 Repurchase of Bonds

The Issuer and any Subsidiary may at any time purchase Bonds at any price in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions, provided that such purchases are in compliance with applicable law and stock exchange regulations. All Bonds which are so purchased will forthwith be cancelled and may not be reissued or resold, and the principal amount of the Global Bond Certificate will be reduced.

6 Withholding Taxes

All payments of principal, interest and other amounts made by the Issuer in respect of the Bonds (including any Cash Alternative Amounts) will be made without deduction or withholding for, or on account of, any present or future taxes, duties, assessments or governmental charges of whatever nature imposed or levied, collected, withheld or assessed by or on behalf of any Taxing Jurisdiction, unless the withholding or deduction of such taxes, duties, assessments or governmental charges is required by law or regulation or by the official interpretation thereof. If any corporation assumes the Issuer’s rights and obligations under the Bonds, the term “Taxing Jurisdiction” will include each jurisdiction in which such corporation is resident for tax purposes from the time it assumes the Issuer’s rights and obligations.

In the event that any such withholding or deduction is required to be made, the Issuer will pay such additional amounts as will result in the receipt by the Bondholders of the amounts which would otherwise have been receivable had no such withholding or deduction been required, except that no such additional amount shall be payable in respect of interest on any Bond to a Bondholder (or to a third party on behalf of a Bondholder) who is subject to such taxes, duties, assessments or governmental charges in respect of such Bond by reason of its having some connection with such Taxing Jurisdiction otherwise than merely by holding the Bond or by the receipt of amounts in respect of the Bond.

 

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References in these Conditions to principal and/or interest and/or any other amounts payable in respect of the Bonds shall be deemed also to refer to any additional amounts which may be payable under this Section 6 or any undertaking or covenant given in addition thereto or in substitution therefor pursuant to the Trust Deed.

The provisions of this Section 6 shall not apply in respect of any payments of interest which fall due after the relevant Tax Redemption Date in respect of any Bonds which are the subject of a Bondholder election pursuant to Section 4.2.

7 Covenants  

So long as any Bond remains outstanding, save with the approval of an Extraordinary Resolution or with the prior written approval of the Trustee where, in its opinion, it is not materially prejudicial to the interest of the Bondholders to give such approval:

  (a) Covenant not to Merge, Consolidate, Amalgamate, Sell, Lease or Transfer Assets under Certain Conditions: The Issuer will not consolidate or amalgamate with or merge into any other corporation or corporations (other than where the Issuer is the continuing entity), or sell, lease, or transfer all or substantially all its assets, unless (A) the corporation formed by such consolidation or amalgamation, or into which the Issuer shall have been merged, or which shall have acquired such assets upon any such sale, lease or transfer shall have expressly assumed the due and punctual payment of the principal of and interest on all the Bonds and the due and punctual performance and observance of all of the covenants and conditions of the Bonds to be performed or observed by the Issuer and (B) (x) each Bond shall thereafter be convertible into the class and amount of Shares and other securities, property and assets (including cash) receivable upon such consolidation, amalgamation or merger or sale, lease or transfer by a holder of the number of Shares which would have been required to be delivered had such Bond been converted into Shares immediately prior to such merger, consolidation, amalgamation, sale, lease or transfer or (y) if, in the case of any such sale, lease or transfer, no such Shares or other securities, property or assets are receivable by holders of Shares, the Bonds will be convertible into Shares or common stock or the like (comprising equity securities) of the corporation which shall have acquired the relevant assets on such basis and with a Conversion Price (subject to adjustment as provided in these Conditions) as determined in good faith an Independent Financial Adviser. For the purposes thereof, the Issuer shall execute and deliver to each of the Agents a supplement to the Agency Agreement satisfactory to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent. Such supplement will provide for adjustments which will be as nearly equivalent as may be practicable to the adjustments provided for in these Conditions. The provisions of this Section 7(a) will apply in the same way to any subsequent merger, consolidation, amalgamation, sale, lease or transfer. In case of any such consolidation, merger, sale, lease or transfer, and following such an assumption by the successor corporation, such successor corporation will succeed to and be substituted for the Issuer with the same effect as if it had been named herein. In the event of any such sale, lease or transfer, following such an assumption by the successor corporation, the Issuer will be discharged from all obligations and covenants under the Bonds and the Agency Agreement and may be liquidated and dissolved.

  (b) Reservation of Share Capital: The Issuer undertakes that it will, at all times following the date on which the Physical Settlement Notice is given, maintain treasury shares or authorised share capital, free of pre-emption rights sufficient in aggregate for the issuance of Shares that would be required to be delivered to Bondholders on exercise of Conversion Rights in respect of all outstanding Bonds from time to time.

 

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  (c) Listing of Shares: The Issuer undertakes to use all reasonable endeavours to ensure that the Shares issued upon exercise of the Conversion Rights will be admitted to Euronext Amsterdam and will be listed, quoted or dealt in on any other stock exchange or securities market on which the Shares may then be listed or quoted or dealt in.
     
  (d) Listing of Bonds: The Issuer undertakes to use its reasonable endeavours to cause the Bonds to be admitted to trading on an EEA Regulated Market (the “Admission”) no later than 25 July 2019 and use its reasonable endeavours to maintain such Admission for so long as any of the Bonds remain outstanding.  
     
  (e) Terms and Conditions: The Issuer undertakes that by no later than the Closing Date it will (i) publish a copy of these Conditions (including a legend regarding the intended target market for the Bonds) on its website and (ii) thereafter (and for so long as any of the Bonds remain outstanding) maintain the availability of these Conditions (as the same may be amended in accordance with their terms) on such website.
     
  (f) Independent Financial Adviser: The Issuer undertakes, whenever a function expressed in these Conditions to be performed by an Independent Financial Adviser falls to be performed, to appoint and (for so long as such function is required to be performed) maintain an Independent Financial Adviser.

8 Events of Default  

If any of the following events (each an “Event of Default”) occurs and is continuing, the Trustee at its discretion may, and if so requested by a meeting of Bondholders shall, give notice to the Issuer at its registered office that the Bonds are, and they shall accordingly immediately become, due and repayable at their Redemption Price together with accrued interest (if any) to the date of payment or, in the case of a failure to give a Physical Settlement Notice if required to do so under Section 5.1, the Fair Bond Value Redemption Price (provided that for such purpose the Fair Bond Value Calculation Period shall be deemed to commence on the Trading Day following the Shareholder Event Notice Deadline):

  (a) Payment Default: the Issuer fails to pay the principal of or interest on or any other amount in respect of any Bonds (including any Cash Alternative Amount) when the same becomes due and payable and such failure continues for a period of 10 days; or
     
  (b) Conversion: there is a failure to issue or transfer and deliver Shares upon exercise of Conversion Rights when the same is required to be delivered or otherwise a failure to duly and punctually comply with any of the Issuer’s obligations in respect of the exercise of Conversion Rights and such default continues for a period of seven days; or
     
  (c) Breach of Agreement: a default in the observance or performance of any other covenant or agreement contained in these Conditions or the Trust Deed which default continues for a period of 30 days after the Issuer receives written notice specifying the default (and demanding that such default be remedied) from the Trustee; or
     
  (d) Cross-Default: (i) any other present or future indebtedness of the Issuer or any of its Material Subsidiaries for or in respect of moneys borrowed or raised becomes (or becomes capable of being declared) due and payable prior to its stated maturity by reason of any actual or potential default, event of default or the like (howsoever described), or (ii) any such indebtedness is not paid when due or, as the case may be, within any originally applicable grace period, or (iii) the Issuer or any of its Material Subsidiaries fails to pay when due any amount payable by it under any present or future guarantee for, or indemnity in respect of, any moneys borrowed or raised provided that the aggregate amount of the relevant indebtedness, guarantees and indemnities in respect of which one or more of the events mentioned above in this Section 8(d) have occurred equals or exceeds 15,000,000 or its equivalent (as reasonably determined by the Trustee); or

 

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  (e) Insolvency:  

  (i) the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary:

  (A) is unable or admits inability to pay its debts generally as they fall due;
     
  (B) suspends making payments on any of its debts generally; or
     
  (C) by reason of actual or anticipated financial difficulties, commences negotiations with one or more of its creditors with a view to rescheduling all or a material part of its indebtedness.

  (ii) a moratorium is declared in respect of any indebtedness of the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary.

  (f) Insolvency Proceedings:  

  (i) the suspension of payments, a moratorium of any indebtedness, winding-up, dissolution, administration or reorganisation (by way of voluntary arrangement, scheme of arrangement or otherwise) of the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary other than a solvent liquidation or reorganisation of any Material Subsidiary (other than the Issuer);
     
  (i) a composition, compromise, assignment or arrangement with any creditor of the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary; or
     
  (ii) the appointment of a liquidator (other than in respect of a solvent liquidation of the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary), receiver, administrative receiver, administrator, compulsory manager or other similar officer in respect of the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary or any of its assets, which, in the case of an involuntary case or proceeding, remains unstayed and in effect for a period of 90 consecutive days,  

or any analogous procedure or step is taken in any jurisdiction; or

This paragraph (f) shall not apply to any winding-up petition which is frivolous or vexatious and is discharged, stayed or dismissed within 30 days of commencement.

  (g) Creditors’ Process: any expropriation, attachment, sequestration, distress or execution affects any material part of the asset or assets of the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary provided that it shall not be an Event of Default under this paragraph (g) if the relevant expropriation, attachment, sequestration, distress or execution is released or discharged within, in respect of an interlocutory attachment (conservatoir beslag), 30 days and, in respect of any other attachment, 14 days; or
     
  (h) Analogous Proceedings: there occurs, in relation to any Material Subsidiary, in any jurisdiction to which it or any of its assets are subject, any event which reasonably corresponds with any of those mentioned in Section 8(e) to 8(g) above;
     
  (i) Illegality: it is or will become unlawful for the Issuer to perform or comply with any one or more of its obligations under any of the Bonds or the Trust Deed; or
     
  (j) Cessation of Business: the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary ceases (or threatens to cease) to carry on all or a substantial part of its business.

 

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9 Meetings of Bondholders, Modification and Waiver

 

9.1 Meetings of Bondholders

 

The Trust Deed contains provisions for convening meetings of Bondholders to consider matters affecting their interests, including the sanctioning by Extraordinary Resolution of a modification of any of these Conditions or any provisions of the Trust Deed. Such a meeting may be convened by the Issuer or the Trustee and shall be convened by the Issuer if requested in writing by Bondholders holding not less than 10 per cent. in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding. The quorum for any meeting convened to consider an Extraordinary Resolution will be one or more persons holding or representing a clear majority in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding, or at any adjourned meeting one or more persons being or representing Bondholders whatever the principal amount of the Bonds so held or represented, unless the business of such meeting includes consideration of proposals, inter alia, (i) to change the Maturity Date or the dates on which interest is payable in respect of the Bonds, (ii) to modify the circumstances in which the Issuer or Bondholders are entitled to redeem the Bonds pursuant to Section 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 or 4.4 (other than removing the right of the Issuer to redeem the Bonds pursuant to Section 4.1 or 4.2), (iii) to reduce or cancel the principal amount of, or interest on, the Bonds or to reduce the amount payable on redemption of the Bonds, (iv) to modify the basis for calculating the interest payable in respect of the Bonds, (v) to modify the provisions relating to, or cancel, Investor Cash Settlement Rights or Conversion Rights or the rights of Bondholders to receive Shares or a Cash Alternative Amount on exercise of Investor Cash Settlement Rights or Conversion Rights, as applicable, pursuant to these Conditions (other than a reduction to the Conversion Price), (vi) to increase the Conversion Price (other than in accordance with these Conditions), (vii) to modify the basis for calculating the Cash Alternative Amount, (viii) to change the currency of the denomination of the Bonds or of any payment in respect of the Bonds, (ix) to change the governing law of the Bonds, the Trust Deed or the Agency Agreement, or (x) to modify the provisions concerning the quorum required at any meeting of Bondholders or the majority required to pass an Extraordinary Resolution, in which case the necessary quorum will be one or more persons holding or representing not less than two-thirds, or at any adjourned meeting not less than one-half, in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding. Any Extraordinary Resolution duly passed by the Bondholders shall be binding on all Bondholders (whether or not they were present at any meeting at which such resolution was passed and whether or not they voted on such resolution).

 

The Trust Deed provides that (i) a resolution in writing signed by or on behalf of the holders of not less than 75 per cent. of the aggregate principal amount of Bonds outstanding (which may be contained in one document or several documents in the same form, each signed by or on behalf of one or more Bondholders) or (ii) consents given by way of electronic consent through the relevant clearing system(s) (in a form satisfactory to the Trustee) by or on behalf of the holders of not less than 75 per cent. of the aggregate principal amount of the Bonds outstanding, shall, in any such case, be effective as an Extraordinary Resolution passed at a meeting of Bondholders duly convened and held.

 

9.2 Modification and Waiver

 

The Trustee may agree, without the consent of the Bondholders, to (i) any modification of any of the provisions of the Trust Deed, any trust deed supplemental to the Trust Deed, the Agency Agreement, any agreement supplemental to the Agency Agreement, the Bonds or these Conditions which in the Trustee’s opinion is of a formal, minor or technical nature or is made to correct a manifest error or to comply with mandatory provisions of law, and (ii) any other modification to the Trust Deed, any trust deed supplemental to the Trust Deed, the Agency Agreement, any agreement supplemental to the Agency Agreement, the Bonds or these Conditions (except as mentioned in the Trust Deed), and any waiver or authorisation of any breach or proposed breach, of any of the provisions of the Trust Deed, any trust deed supplemental to the Trust Deed, the Agency Agreement, any agreement supplemental to the Agency Agreement, the Bonds or these Conditions which is, in the opinion of the Trustee, not materially prejudicial to the interests of the Bondholders. The Trustee may, without the consent of the Bondholders, determine that any Event of Default should not be treated as such, provided that in the opinion of the Trustee, the interests of Bondholders will not be materially prejudiced thereby. Any such modification, authorisation, waiver or determination shall be binding on the Bondholders and, if the Trustee so requires, shall be notified to the Bondholders promptly in accordance with Section 15.7.

 

 

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9.3 Entitlement of the Trustee

 

In connection with the exercise of its functions (including but not limited to those referred to in this Section 9) the Trustee shall have regard to the interests of the Bondholders as a class but shall not have regard to any interests arising from circumstances particular to individual Bondholders (whatever their number) and, in particular but without limitation, shall not have regard to the consequences of the exercise of its trusts, powers or discretions for individual Bondholders resulting from their being for any purpose domiciled or resident in, or otherwise connected with, or subject to the jurisdiction of, any particular territory, and the Trustee shall not be entitled to require, nor shall any Bondholder be entitled to claim, from the Issuer or any other person any indemnification or payment in respect of any tax consequence of any such exercise upon individual Bondholders, except to the extent provided for in these Conditions or the Trust Deed.

 

10 Enforcement

 

The Trustee may at any time, at its discretion and without notice, take such proceedings, actions or steps (including lodging an appeal in any proceedings) against the Issuer as it may think fit to enforce the provisions of the Trust Deed and the Bonds, but it shall not be bound to take any such proceedings, actions or steps in relation to the Trust Deed or the Bonds unless (i) it shall have been so directed by an Extraordinary Resolution of the Bondholders or so requested in writing by the holders of at least one-quarter in principal amount of the Bonds then outstanding, and (ii) it shall have been indemnified and/or secured and/or prefunded to its satisfaction. Notwithstanding the above:

 

(a) the Trustee may refrain from taking any proceedings, actions or steps in any jurisdiction if the taking of such action in that jurisdiction would, in its opinion based upon legal advice in the relevant jurisdiction, be contrary to any law of that jurisdiction; and

 

(b) the Trustee may refrain from taking any proceedings, actions or steps in any jurisdiction if in its opinion based upon legal advice in the relevant jurisdiction it would or may render it liable to any person in that jurisdiction or, it would or may not have the power to do the relevant thing in that jurisdiction by virtue of any applicable law in that jurisdiction or if it is determined by any court or other competent authority in that jurisdiction that it does not have such power.

 

No Bondholder shall be entitled to (i) take any proceedings, actions or steps against the Issuer to enforce the performance of any of the provisions of the Trust Deed or the Bonds or (ii) take any other proceedings, actions or steps (including lodging an appeal in any proceedings) in respect of or concerning the Issuer, in each case unless the Trustee, having become bound so to take any such proceedings, actions or steps, fails so to do within a reasonable period and the failure shall be continuing.

 

 

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11 The Trustee

 

The Trust Deed contains provisions for the indemnification of the Trustee and for its relief from responsibility, including:

 

(a) provisions relieving it from taking any proceedings, actions or steps unless indemnified and/or secured and/or prefunded to its satisfaction; and

 

(b) provisions limiting or excluding its liability in certain circumstances.

 

The Trustee is entitled to enter into business transactions with the Issuer and any entity related to the Issuer without accounting for any profit.

 

The Trust Deed provides that, when determining whether an indemnity or any security or pre-funding is satisfactory to it, the Trustee shall be entitled (i) to evaluate its risk in any given circumstance by considering the worst-case scenario and (ii) to require that any indemnity or security or prefunding given to it by the Bondholders or any of them be given on a joint and several basis and be supported by evidence satisfactory to it as to the financial standing and creditworthiness of each counterparty and/or as to the value of the security and an opinion as to the capacity, power and authority of each counterparty and/or the validity and effectiveness of the security.

 

The Trustee may rely without liability to Bondholders on a report, confirmation or certificate or any advice of any accountants, financial advisers, financial institution or other expert, whether or not addressed to it and whether their liability in relation thereto is limited (by its terms or by any engagement letter relating thereto entered into by the Trustee or in any other manner) by reference to a monetary cap, methodology or otherwise. The Trustee may accept and shall be entitled to rely on any such report, confirmation or certificate or advice and such report, confirmation or certificate or advice shall be binding on the Issuer, the Trustee and the Bondholders.

 

12 Agents

 

12.1 Agent to the Issuer

 

The Agents and the Calculation Agent, when acting in that capacity, act solely as agents of the Issuer and do not assume any obligation towards or relationship of agency or trust for or with any Bondholder or any Person holding an interest in respect of any Bond through an account with a financial intermediary or otherwise.

 

12.2 Appointment and Termination of Agents and the Calculation Agent

 

The Issuer has initially appointed the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, the Registrar, the Conversion Agents and the Calculation Agent for the Bonds as stated above. The Issuer may at any time, with the approval of the Trustee, appoint additional or other Agents or Calculation Agent and terminate the appointment of such Agents or Calculation Agent. Notice of any such termination or appointment and of any change in the office through which any Agent will act will be promptly given to each Bondholder in the manner described in Section 15.7 hereof.

 

12.3 Duty to Maintain Office

 

As long as the Bonds, including in the event that some but not all Bonds originally issued, are outstanding, the Issuer shall maintain a Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent and a Calculation Agent which shall each be a financial institution of international repute or a financial adviser with appropriate expertise.

 

 

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13 Securities Holding Structure

 

13.1 Form and Custody of Bonds

 

The entire issue of the Bonds will be initially evidenced by a global certificate (the “Global Bond Certificate”) in fully registered form which will be deposited on the Closing Date with and registered in the name of a common depositary or its nominee for Euroclear Bank SA/NV (“Euroclear”) and Clearstream Banking, S.A. (“Clearstream, Luxembourg” and together with Euroclear, the “Central Securities Depositories” and each a “Central Securities Depository”).

 

13.2 Multi-Tiered Holding System

 

As long as the Global Bond Certificate is on deposit with the Central Securities Depositories or any of their respective successors, then:

 

(a) any Person wishing to acquire, hold or transfer an interest in respect of the Bonds must do so through an account with a Central Securities Depository or any of their respective successors or another securities intermediary holding an equivalent interest in respect of the Bonds directly or indirectly through a Central Securities Depository or any of its successors;

 

(b) there will be one or more financial intermediaries standing between each such accountholder and the underlying Bonds;

 

(c) the Issuer and the Trustee will have the right to treat the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors or agents as the holders or Persons exclusively entitled to receive interest and other payments or property in respect of or in exchange for the Bonds, including the Shares, and otherwise to exercise all the rights and powers with respect to any Bond;

 

(d) the obligation of the Issuer to make payments of interest and principal (except as provided by a Bondholder pursuant to a Change of Control Put Exercise Notice or Conversion Notice) and other amounts with respect to any Bond shall be discharged at the time payment in the appropriate amount is made in accordance with the Agency Agreement to a Central Securities Depository or its successor or agent;

 

(e) the obligation of the Issuer to deliver Shares upon the exercise by any Bondholder of any Conversion Rights shall be discharged at the time the Shares are delivered to a Central Securities Depository or its successor or agent in accordance with Section 5.3; and

 

(f) any Person that acquires, holds or transfers interests in respect of any Bond through accounts with a Central Securities Depository or with any other financial intermediary will be subject to the laws and contractual provisions governing such Person’s relationship with its financial intermediary, as well as the laws and contractual provisions governing the relationship between its financial intermediary and each other financial intermediary, if any, standing between itself and the Global Bond Certificate and, the Bonds Register to determine (A) the legal nature of its interest in respect of any Bond and whether such interest is protected against the insolvency of its financial intermediary or any financial intermediary standing between such investor and the underlying Bonds and, the Bonds Register, (B) whether a Central Securities Depository or its successor, and each other securities intermediary, if any, standing between such Person and the underlying Bonds and, the Bonds Register, is required to enforce the payment and other terms of the Bonds against the Issuer or to put its accountholders in a position to do so directly and (C) whether such Person’s financial intermediary and each financial intermediary, if any, standing between such Person and the underlying Bonds and, the Bonds Register, is required to pass on to such Person the benefits of ownership of any Bonds.

 

 

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13.3 Right to Obtain Individual Certificates in Exchange for the Global Bond Certificate

 

Except as described in this Section 13.3, the Global Bond Certificate will not be exchangeable for individual certificates each evidencing a single Bond or less than the entire issue of the Bonds. Subject to the foregoing sentence, if (A) a Central Securities Depository or its successor notifies the Issuer that it is unwilling or unable to continue as depository and a successor depository is not appointed within 14 days, (B) an Event of Default shall have occurred and the maturity of the Bonds shall have been accelerated in accordance with the terms of the Bonds or (C) the Issuer shall have decided in its sole discretion that the Bonds should no longer be evidenced solely by the Global Bond Certificate, then upon having prepared a deed or deeds with a fixed date, governed by Dutch law, between the relevant Bondholder, the relevant Central Securities Depository and the relevant accountholders of such Central Securities Depository with an interest in such Bonds:

 

(a) the Issuer will promptly and in any event not later than 10 Business Days thereafter cause individual certificates each evidencing a single Bond or such other number of Bonds as specified by the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors to be duly executed, authenticated and delivered to the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors and, registered in the name of the relevant Central Securities Depository or its nominee, against surrender of the Global Bond Certificate by the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors;

 

(b) notwithstanding any other provision of these Conditions or the Agency Agreement, the individual certificates so delivered to the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors may be delivered by them to their respective accountholders in such amounts as shall correspond to the amount of Bonds credited to the accounts of such accountholders on the records of the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors at the time of such delivery and, the Issuer will register the Bonds evidenced by such individual certificates in such names and amounts as the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors shall specify to the Issuer or the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, which specification shall serve as notification of transfer (mededeling); and

 

(c) if for any reason individual certificates are not issued, authenticated and delivered to the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors in accordance with Sections 13.3(a) and 13.3(b) above, then:

 

(i) each Central Securities Depository or its respective successor may provide to each of its accountholders a statement of each accountholder’s interest in the Bonds evidenced by the Global Bond Certificate held by such Central Securities Depository or its successor, together with a copy of the Global Bond Certificate; and

 

(ii) notwithstanding any other provision of these Conditions or of the Agency Agreement, each such accountholder or its successors and assigns (x) shall have a claim, directly against the Issuer, for the payment of any amount due or to become due in respect of such accountholder’s interest in the Bonds evidenced by the Global Bond Certificate, and shall be empowered to bring any claim, to the extent of such accountholder’s interest in the Bonds evidenced by the Global Bond Certificate and to the exclusion of such Central Securities Depository or its successor, that as a matter of law could be brought by the holder of the Global Bond Certificate and the Person in whose name the Bonds are registered and (y) may, without the consent and to the exclusion of such Central Securities Depository or its successor, file any claim, take any action or institute any proceeding, directly against the Issuer, to compel the payment of such amount or enforce any such rights, as fully as though the interest of such accountholder in the Bonds evidenced by the Global Bond Certificate were evidenced by an individual certificate in such accountholder’s actual possession and as if an amount of Bonds equal to such accountholder’s stated interest were registered in such accountholder’s name and without the need to produce the Global Bond Certificate in its original form. This Section 13.3(c)(ii) constitutes an unconditional and irrevocable third party stipulation (derdenbeding, as used in Article 6:253 of The Netherlands Civil Code).

 

 

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For purposes of this Section 13.3, the account records of a Central Securities Depository or its successor will, in the absence of manifest error, be conclusive evidence of the identity of each accountholder that has any interest in the Bonds evidenced by the Global Bond Certificate held by such Central Securities Depository or its successor and the amount of such interest. Individual certificates will be issued in denominations of €100,000 of that amount and, when delivered against surrender of such Global Bond Certificate shall be issued in registered form without coupons.

 

13.4 Direct Holding System

 

Subject to Section 13.2, if the Global Bond Certificate is exchanged for individual certificates each evidencing a single Bond or less than the entire issue of Bonds, then:

 

(a) the Issuer and the Trustee will have the right to treat each Bondholder as the holder and Person exclusively entitled to receive interest and other payments or property in respect of or in exchange for the Bonds, including the Shares, and otherwise to exercise all the rights and powers with respect to any Bond;

 

(b) the obligation of the Issuer to make payments of interest and principal and other amounts with respect to the Bonds shall be discharged at the time payment in the appropriate amount is made in accordance with the Agency Agreement to each Bondholder; and

 

(c) the obligation of the Issuer to deliver Shares upon the exercise by any Bondholder of any Conversion Rights shall be discharged at the time the Shares are delivered to such Bondholder in accordance with Section 5.3.

 

13.5 Lost, Stolen or Mutilated Certificates

 

In case any certificate evidencing one or more Bonds shall become mutilated, defaced or apparently destroyed, lost or stolen, the Issuer may execute, and, upon the request of the Issuer, the Registrar shall authenticate and deliver, a new certificate evidencing such Bonds, bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding, in exchange and substitution for the mutilated or defaced certificate evidencing such Bonds or in lieu of and in substitution for the apparently destroyed, lost or stolen certificate evidencing such Bonds. In every case the applicant for a substitute certificate evidencing such Bonds shall furnish to the Issuer and to the Registrar such security or indemnity as may be required by them to indemnify and defend and to save each of them and any agent of the Issuer or the Registrar harmless and, in every case of destruction, loss or theft, evidence to their satisfaction of the apparent destruction, loss or theft of such certificate evidencing such Bonds and of the ownership thereof. Upon the issuance of any substitute certificate evidencing such Bonds, the Issuer may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Registrar) connected therewith together with such indemnity or security as is reasonably required by the Issuer and the Registrar.

 

 

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14 Definitions

 

As used herein, the following capitalised terms have the meanings set forth below:

 

Agency Agreement” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Agents” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Bond Market Price” means, in respect of any Trading Day, as determined by an Independent Financial Adviser, the arithmetic average of the Mid-Market Bond Prices in respect of such Trading Day from at least three Leading Institutions as such Independent Financial Adviser shall consider appropriate (or such lesser number of such Leading Institutions (if any) as such Independent Financial Adviser is able to obtain a Mid-Market Bond Price from), provided that where such Independent Financial Adviser is able to obtain only one such Mid-Market Bond Price, the Bond Market Price shall be such Mid-Market Bond Price, and provided further that where such Independent Financial Adviser is not able to obtain any Mid-Market Bond Price, the Bond Market Price shall be considered (by such Independent Financial Adviser in making its determination) not to be available in respect of such Trading Day.

 

Bondholder” means any Person who is registered as the owner of such Bonds on the Bonds Register.

 

Bonds” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Bonds Register” means the register of the Bonds maintained by the Registrar to register ownership of the Bonds.

 

Business Day” means a calendar day other than a Saturday or a Sunday which in Amsterdam is neither a public holiday nor a calendar day on which banking institutions are closed and, in the case of payments in euro, on which the TARGET System is open and, in the case of surrender of a certificate evidencing a Bond, in the place where such certificate is surrendered.

 

Calculation Agent” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Capital Markets Indebtedness” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.2.

 

cash” includes any promise or undertaking to pay cash or any release or extinguishment of, or set-off against, a liability to pay a cash amount.

 

Cash Alternative Amount” means, in respect of any exercise of Investor Cash Settlement Rights, an amount (rounded to nearest €0.01, with €0.005 rounded upwards) calculated by the Calculation Agent in accordance with the following formula and which shall be payable by the Issuer to a Bondholder in respect of the Reference Shares:

 

 

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(GRAPHIC)  

 

where:  
   
CAA = the Cash Alternative Amount;
   
S    = the Reference Shares;
   
Pn   = the Volume Weighted Average Price of a Share on the nth Trading Day of the Cash Alternative Calculation Period; and
   
N    = 25, being the number of Trading Days in the Cash Alternative Calculation Period,

 

provided that:

 

(a) if any dividend or other entitlement in respect of the Shares is announced, whether on or prior to or after the relevant Conversion Date in circumstances where the record date or other due date for the establishment of entitlement in respect of such dividend or other entitlement shall be on or after the relevant Conversion Date and if on any Trading Day in the Cash Alternative Calculation Period the Volume Weighted Average Price determined as provided above is based on a price ex-such dividend or ex-such other entitlement, then such Volume Weighted Average Price shall be increased by an amount equal to the Fair Market Value of any such dividend or other entitlement per Share as at the Ex-Date in respect of such dividend or entitlement, determined on a gross basis and disregarding any withholding or deduction required to be made for or on account of tax, and disregarding any associated tax credit, all as determined by the Calculation Agent;

 

(b) if any Adjustment Event is announced, whether on or prior to or after the relevant Conversion Date in circumstances where the Deemed Record Date in respect thereof shall be prior to the relevant Conversion Date but the relevant adjustment to the Conversion Price is not yet in effect on the relevant Conversion Date, and if any Trading Day in the Cash Alternative Calculation Period falls on or after the Deemed Ex-Date in respect of such Adjustment Event, then the Volume Weighted Average Price on any such Trading Day shall be divided by the adjustment factor subsequently determined by the Calculation Agent to be applicable in respect of the relevant Conversion Price adjustment (provided that if such adjustment factor is not (but for the operation of this proviso) capable of being determined in accordance with these Conditions on or before the date falling two Business Days prior to the day on which the Cash Alternative Amount is to be paid in accordance with these Conditions, such adjustment factor shall (solely for the purpose of this definition) be determined by an Independent Financial Adviser by no later than such date as aforesaid); and

 

(c) if any doubt shall arise as to the calculation of the Cash Alternative Amount or if such amount cannot be determined as provided above, the Cash Alternative Amount shall be equal to such amount as is determined in such other manner as an Independent Financial Adviser shall consider in good faith to be appropriate to give the intended result.

 

Cash Alternative Calculation Period” means, in respect of any exercise of Investor Cash Settlement Rights, the period of 25 consecutive Trading Days commencing on the second Trading Day following the Conversion Date.

 

 

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Cash or Stock Dividend” means (i) any dividend or distribution paid or payable solely in cash on a Share, and (ii) any dividend or distribution which shall be treated to be paid or payable in cash on a Share pursuant to the following provisions:

 

  (a) (i) where a dividend or distribution in cash is announced which is to be, or may at the election of a holder or holders of a Share be, satisfied by the issue or delivery of Shares or other property or assets; or

 

(ii) where a capitalisation of profits or reserves is announced which is to be, or may at the election of a holder or holders of a Share be, satisfied by the payment of cash,

 

then the dividend, distribution or capitalisation in question shall be treated as a dividend or distribution in cash of an amount equal to the greater of:

 

(x) the Fair Market Value of such cash amount as at the Ex-Date in relation to such dividend or distribution; and

 

(y) the Current Market Price of such Shares, or, as the case may be, the Fair Market Value of such other property or assets, as at the Ex-Date in relation to such dividend or distribution or capitalisation or, in any such case, if later, the date on which the number of Shares (or amount of such other property or assets, as the case may be) which may be issued or delivered is determined; or

 

(b) where there shall be (other than in the circumstances the subject of paragraph (a) above) any issue of Shares by way of capitalisation of profits or reserves where such issue is expressed to be, or in lieu of, a dividend or distribution in cash (whether or not a cash dividend or distribution equivalent or amount is announced or would otherwise be payable to holders of the Shares, whether at their election or otherwise), then the issue in question shall be treated as a dividend or distribution in cash of an amount equal to the Current Market Price of such Shares as at the Ex-Date in respect of such dividend or entitlement in relation to such issue or, if later, the date on which the number of Shares to be issued is determined.

 

Central Securities Depositories” has the meaning set forth in Section 13.1.

 

A “Change of Control” shall occur if a person or persons acting together acquires or acquire directly or indirectly (i) more than 50 per cent. of Voting Rights or (ii) the right to appoint and/or remove all or a majority of the members of the executive board (raad van bestuur) or supervisory board (raad van commissarissen) of the Issuer, provided that a Change of Control will not be deemed to have occurred solely as a result of the issuance of cumulative preference shares in the capital of the Issuer to Stichting Continuïteit Takeaway.com or subsequent cancellation or repurchase thereof.

 

Change of Control Conversion Price” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(c).

 

Change of Control Notice” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.4.

 

Change of Control Period” means the period commencing on the occurrence of a Change of Control and ending 60 calendar days following the Change of Control or, if later, 60 calendar days following the date on which a Change of Control Notice is given to Bondholders as required by Section 4.4.

 

Change of Control Put Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.4.

 

Change of Control Put Exercise Notice” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.4.

 

Closing Date” means 25 January 2019.

 

 

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Closing Price” means, in respect of a Share, Security, Reclassified Security or, as the case may be, a Spin-off Security, option, warrant or other right or asset, on any Trading Day, the closing price of a Share, Security, Reclassified Security, or, as the case may be, a Spin-off Security, option, warrant or other right or asset published by or derived from Bloomberg page HP (setting “Last Price”, or any other successor setting and using values not adjusted for any event occurring after such Trading Day; and for the avoidance of doubt, all values will be determined with all adjustment settings on the DPDF Page, or any successor or similar setting, switched off) in respect of such Share, Security, Reclassified Security, Spin-off Security, options, warrants or other rights or assets and such Relevant Exchange (and for the avoidance of doubt such Bloomberg page for the Shares as at the Closing Date is TKWY NA Equity HP) if any, or, in any other case, such other pricing source (if any) as shall be determined to be appropriate by an Independent Financial Adviser on such Trading Day and translated, if not in the Relevant Currency, into the Relevant Currency at the Prevailing Rate on such Trading Day, provided that if on any such Trading Day (for the purpose of this definition, the “Original Date”) such price is not available or cannot otherwise be determined as provided above, the Closing Price of a Share, Security, Reclassified Security, a Spin-off Security, option, warrant or other right or asset, as the case may be, in respect of such Trading Day shall be the Closing Price, determined as provided above, on the immediately preceding Trading Day on which the same can be so determined, and further provided that if such immediately preceding Trading Day falls prior to the fifth day before the Original Date, an Independent Financial Adviser shall determine the Closing Price in respect of the Original Date in good faith, all as determined by (where specifically provided above) an Independent Financial Adviser or (in any other case) the Calculation Agent.

 

Combined Consideration” means New Securities in combination with Other Consideration.

 

Conditions” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.2.

 

Conversion Agent” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Conversion Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.2.

 

Conversion Notice” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.2.

 

Conversion Period” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.1.

 

Conversion Price” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.1.

 

Conversion Rights” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.1.

 

Current Market Price” means, in respect of a Share at a particular date, the arithmetic average of the daily Volume Weighted Average Price of a Share on each of the five consecutive Trading Days ending on the Trading Day immediately preceding such date, as determined by the Calculation Agent, provided that:

 

(a) for the purposes of determining the Current Market Price pursuant to Section 5.4(a)(ii) or (iii) (and pursuant to Formulas 2 and 3 when used in the application thereof) in circumstances where the relevant event relates to an issue of Shares, if at any time during the said five Trading Day period (which may be on each of such five Trading Days) the Volume Weighted Average Price shall have been based on a price ex-dividend (or ex- any other entitlement) and/or during some other part of that period (which may be on each of such five Trading Days) the Volume Weighted Average Price shall have been based on a price cum-dividend (or cum- any other entitlement), in any such case which has been declared or announced, then:

 

(i) if the Shares to be so issued do not rank for the dividend (or entitlement) in question, the Volume Weighted Average Price on the dates on which the Shares shall have been based on a price cum-dividend (or cum- any other entitlement) shall for the purpose of this definition be deemed to be the amount thereof reduced by an amount equal to the Fair Market Value of any such dividend or entitlement per Share as at the Ex-Date in respect of such dividend or entitlement (or, where on each of the said five Trading Days the Volume Weighted Average Price shall have been based on a price cum-dividend (or cum-any other entitlement), as at the date of first public announcement of such dividend or entitlement), in any such case, determined by the Calculation Agent on a gross basis and disregarding any withholding or deduction required to be made on account of tax, and disregarding any associated tax credit; or

 

 

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(ii) if the Shares to be so issued or transferred and delivered (if applicable) do rank for the dividend or entitlement in question, the Volume Weighted Average Price on the dates on which the Shares shall have been based on a price ex-dividend (or ex- any other entitlement) shall for the purpose of this definition be deemed to be the amount thereof increased by an amount equal to the Fair Market Value of any such dividend or entitlement per Share as at the Ex-Date in respect of such dividend or entitlement, in any such case, determined by the Calculation Agent on a gross basis and disregarding any withholding or deduction required to be made for or on account of tax, and disregarding any associated tax credit; and

 

(b) if any day during the said five Trading Day period was the Ex-Date in relation to any dividend (or any other entitlement) the Volume Weighted Average Prices that shall have been based on a price cum- such dividend (or cum- such entitlement) shall for the purpose of this definition be deemed to be the amount thereof reduced by an amount equal to the Fair Market Value of any such dividend or entitlement per Share as at the Ex-Date in respect of such dividend or entitlement.

 

Deemed Ex-Date” means in respect of any Adjustment Event (i) the Ex-Date in relation to any Adjustment Event pursuant to Sections 5.4(a)(i), 5.4(a)(ii), 5.4(a)(iv), 5.4(a)(v), 5.4(a)(vi), 5.4(a)(viii), 5.4(a)(ix) or 5.4(a)(x) or (ii) the relevant date of first public announcement as referred to in Sections 5.4(a)(iii) or 5.4(a)(vii) (or the Trading Day immediately following the Expiration Time as referred to in Sections 5.4(a)(xi)) in respect of which an adjustment is required to be made to the Conversion Price pursuant to Sections 5.4(a)(iii) or 5.4(a)(vii) (or, as the case may be, Section 5.4(a)(xi)).

 

Deemed Record Date” means in respect of any Adjustment Event (i) the record date or other due date for the establishment of entitlement in respect of the relevant Adjustment Event pursuant to Sections 5.4(a)(i), 5.4(a)(ii), 5.4(a)(iv), 5.4(a)(v), 5.4(a)(vi), 5.4(a)(viii), 5.4(a)(ix) or 5.4(a)(x) or (ii) (in respect of any other Adjustment Event) the Deemed Ex-Date in respect thereof.

 

Delivery Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.3(c).

 

Dividend Determination Date” means the record date or other due date for establishment of entitlement in respect of the relevant Cash or Stock Dividend.

 

EEA Regulated Market” means a regulated market which complies with the requirements set out on Article 4.1(21) of Directive 2014/65/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on Markets in Financial Instruments.

 

EGM” means an extraordinary general meeting of Shareholders.

 

 

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equity securities” means, in relation to any entity, its issued share capital, excluding any part of that capital which does not carry any right to participate beyond a specified amount in a distribution of dividends or assets.

 

euro” and “€” means the currency introduced at the start of the third stage of European economic and monetary union pursuant to the Treaty establishing the European Community, as amended.

 

Euronext Amsterdam” means Euronext in Amsterdam, a regulated market of Euronext Amsterdam N.V. or any successor thereof.

 

Event of Default” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.

 

Ex-Date” means, in respect of any Cash or Stock Dividend, other dividend, distribution, entitlement, capitalisation, resignation, reclassification, sub-division, issue, offer, grant or other entitlement, the first date on which the Shares are traded ex- such relevant Cash or Stock Dividend, other dividend, distribution, entitlement, capitalisation, resignation, reclassification, sub-division, issue, offer, grant or other entitlement on the Relevant Exchange (or, in the case of a dividend which is a purchase or redemption of Shares (or, as the case may be, any depositary or other receipts or certificates representing Shares), the date on which such purchase or redemption is made).

 

Expiration Time” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(b).

 

Extraordinary Resolution” has the meaning set forth in the Trust Deed.

 

Fair Bond Value” means, as determined by an Independent Financial Adviser, the arithmetic average of (A) the Bond Market Price on each Trading Day comprised in the Fair Bond Value Calculation Period and on which such Bond Market Price is available, subject to such Bond Market Price being available in respect of a minimum of three Trading Days, or (B) (where (A) does not apply) in respect of each Trading Day comprised in the Fair Bond Value Calculation Period, the Bond Market Price on each Trading Day on which such Bond Market Price is available (if any) or (if no such Bond Market Price in available in respect of such Trading Day) the fair mid-market value (as determined by such Independent Financial Adviser on the basis of a commonly accepted market valuation method and taking account of such factors as it considers appropriate) per €100,000 in principal amount of the Bonds (as at the close of business on such Trading Day and using a reference price for the Share equal to the closing price of the Share on such Trading Day).

 

Fair Bond Value Calculation Period” means the period of five consecutive Trading Days commencing on the second Trading Day following (i) in the case of redemption following the giving of a Shareholder Event Notice, the date on which the Shareholder Event Notice is given to the Bondholders in accordance with Section 15.7 and (ii) in the case of redemption following the occurrence of a No-Acquisition Event, the date on which the No-Acquisition Event Notice is given to the Bondholders in accordance with Section 15.7.

 

Fair Bond Value Redemption Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.3.

 

Fair Bond Value Redemption Price” means an amount equal to the greater of (i) 102 per cent. of the principal amount of the Bonds, together with accrued but unpaid interest to (but excluding) the Fair Bond Value Redemption Date and (ii) 102 per cent. of the Fair Bond Value of the Bonds, together with accrued but unpaid interest to (but excluding) the Fair Bond Value Redemption Date.

 

Fair Market Value” means, on any date (the “FMV Date”):

 

(a) in the case of a Cash or Stock Dividend, the amount of such Cash or Stock Dividend, as determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent;

 

 

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(b) in the case of any other cash amount, the amount of such cash, as determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent;

 

(c) in the case of Securities (including Shares), Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets that are publicly traded on a Relevant Exchange of adequate liquidity (as determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent or an Independent Financial Adviser), the arithmetic mean of (i) in the case of Shares or (to the extent constituting equity securities) other Securities, Reclassified Securities or Spin-Off Securities, the daily Volume Weighted Average Prices of the Shares or such other Securities, Reclassified Securities or Spin-Off Securities and (ii) in the case of other Securities, Reclassified Securities or Spin-Off Securities (to the extent not constituting equity securities), options, warrants or other rights or assets, the Closing Prices of such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets, in the case of both (i) and (ii) during the period of five Trading Days on the Relevant Exchange for such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets commencing on such FMV Date (or, if later, the date (the “Adjusted FMV Date”) which falls on the first such Trading Day on which such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets are publicly traded, provided that where such Adjusted FMV Date falls after the fifth day following the FMV Date, the Fair Market Value of such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets shall instead be determined pursuant to paragraph (d) below, and no such Adjusted FMV Date shall be deemed to apply) or such shorter period as such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets are publicly traded, all as determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent;

 

(d) in the case of Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets that are not publicly traded on a Relevant Exchange of adequate liquidity (as aforesaid) or where otherwise provided paragraph (c) above to be determined pursuant to this paragraph (d), an amount equal to the fair market value of such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets as determined in good faith by an Independent Financial Adviser, on the basis of a commonly accepted market valuation method and taking account of such factors as it (acting reasonably) considers appropriate, including the market price per Share, the dividend yield of an Share, the volatility of such market price, prevailing interest rates and the terms of such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets, and including as to the expiry date and exercise price (if any) thereof.

 

Such amounts shall, if necessary, be translated into the Relevant Currency (if not expressed in the Relevant Currency on the FMV Date (or, as the case may be, the Adjusted FMV Date)) at the Prevailing Rate on the FMV Date (or, as the case may be, the Adjusted FMV Date), all as determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent. In addition, in the case of (i) and (ii) above, the Fair Market Value shall be determined on a gross basis and disregarding any withholding or deduction required to be made for or on account of tax, and disregarding any associated tax credit.

 

Further Bonds” means any further Bonds issued pursuant to Section 15.6 and consolidated and forming a single series with the then outstanding Bonds.

 

Global Bond Certificate” has the meaning set forth in Section 13.1.

 

indebtedness” shall be construed so as to include any obligation for the payment or repayment of money, whether present or future, actual or contingent.

 

 

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Independent Financial Adviser” means an independent institution with appropriate expertise, which may be the initial Calculation Agent, appointed by the Issuer (other than where the initial Calculation Agent is appointed) in consultation with the Calculation Agent and (other than where the initial Calculation Agent is appointed) approved in writing by the Trustee or, if the Issuer fails to make such appointment and such failure continues for a reasonable period (as determined by the Trustee in its sole discretion) and the Trustee is indemnified and/or secured and/or prefunded to its satisfaction against the costs, fees and expenses of such adviser and otherwise in connection with such appointment, appointed by the Trustee (without liability for so doing) following notification to the Issuer.

 

Interest Payment Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.2.

 

Interest Period” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.2.

 

Investor Cash Settlement Right” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.1.

 

Judgment Currency” has the meaning set forth in Section 15.4.

 

Leading Institution” means an investment bank or any other bank or financial institution of recognised standing which is a leading European convertible bond dealer or a market maker in pricing European corporate convertible bond issues.

 

Long Stop Date” means 25 October 2019.

 

Market Disruption Event” means, for any Trading Day, any suspension of or limitation imposed on trading (by reason of movements in price exceeding limits permitted by the relevant exchange or otherwise) (i) in the Shares on the Relevant Exchange occurring or existing during the one-half hour period immediately prior to the close of business of the Relevant Exchange or (ii) in any options contracts or futures contracts relating to the Shares on the Relevant Exchange if, in any such case, such suspension or limitation is, in the determination of an Independent Financial Adviser, material.

 

a “Material Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary:

 

(a) whose (i) total assets or (ii) total revenues (consolidated in the case of a Subsidiary which itself has subsidiaries) represent five per cent. or more of the consolidated total assets of the Issuer and its Subsidiaries or, as the case may be, consolidated total revenues of the Issuer and its Subsidiaries, in each case as calculated by reference to the then latest audited financial statements of such Subsidiary (consolidated or, as the case may be, unconsolidated) and the then latest audited consolidated financial statements of the Issuer provided that:

 

(i) in the case of a Subsidiary acquired or an entity which becomes a Subsidiary after the end of the financial period to which the then latest audited consolidated financial statements of the Issuer relate, the reference to the then latest audited consolidated financial statements of the Issuer for the purposes of the calculation of the above shall until the consolidated audited financial statements of the Issuer are published for the financial period in which the acquisition is made or, as the case may be, in which such entity becomes a Subsidiary, be deemed to be a reference to the then latest consolidated financial statements of the Issuer adjusted in such manner as may be deemed appropriate by the Issuer to consolidate the latest audited financial statements (consolidated or, as the case may be, unconsolidated) of such Subsidiary in such financial statements;

 

 

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(ii) if, in the case of any Subsidiary, no audited financial statements (consolidated or, as the case may be, unconsolidated) are prepared, then the determination of whether or not such Subsidiary is a Material Subsidiary shall be determined by reference to its unaudited annual financial statements (if any) or on the basis of pro forma financial statements (consolidated or, as the case may be, unconsolidated); and

 

(iii) if the latest financial statements of any Subsidiary are not prepared on the basis of the same accounting principles, policies and practices of the latest consolidated audited financial statements of the Issuer, then the determination of whether or not such Subsidiary is a Material Subsidiary shall be based on pro forma financial statements or, as the case may be, consolidated financial statements of such Subsidiary prepared on the same accounting principles, policies and practices as adopted in the latest consolidated audited financial statements of the Issuer, or an appropriate restatement or adjustment to the relevant financial statements of each Subsidiary; or

 

(b) to which is transferred all or substantially all of the business, undertaking and assets of a Subsidiary which immediately prior to such transfer is a Material Subsidiary, whereupon the transferor Subsidiary shall immediately cease to be a Material Subsidiary and the transferee Subsidiary shall immediately become a Material Subsidiary under the provisions of this sub-paragraph (b) upon publication of its next audited financial statements but so that such transferor Subsidiary or such transferee Subsidiary may be a Material Subsidiary on or at any time after the date on which such audited financial statements have been published by virtue of the provisions of sub-paragraph (a) above or (as a result of another transfer to which this sub-paragraph (b) applies) before, on or at any time after such date by virtue of the provisions of this sub-paragraph (b).

 

Maturity Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Merger Date” means, in respect of any Merger Event, the date on which all holders of the Shares (other than, in the case of a takeover offer, any Shares owned or controlled by the offeror) have agreed or irrevocably become obligated to transfer their Shares.

 

Merger Event” means any (i) consolidation, amalgamation or merger of the Issuer with or into another entity (other than a consolidation, amalgamation or merger where the Issuer is the continuing entity) or (ii) a statutory split up (other than a Spin-off Event).

 

Mid-Market Bond Price” means, in respect of any Trading Day and from any Leading Institution, the average of the prices (per €100,000 in principal amount of the Bonds) provided by such Leading Institution for (x) the purchase by such Leading Institution (bid price), and (y) the purchase from such Leading Institution (ask price), in each case in respect of the Bonds as at the close of business on such Trading Day and using a reference price for the Share equal to the closing price of the Share on such Trading Day.

 

New Securities” means equity securities (whether of the Issuer or a third party) which are publicly traded on a Recognised Exchange.

 

A “No-Acquisition Event” shall occur if (i) on or before the Long Stop Date, the Issuer announces to the public that its acquisition of the German business of Delivery Hero S.E. (as announced by the Issuer on 21 December 2018) will not proceed or (ii) the Issuer has not, on or before the Long Stop Date, announced completion of the Acquisition.

 

No-Acquisition Event Notice” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.3.

 

Optional Redemption Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.1.

 

 

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Optional Redemption Notice” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.1.

 

Other Consideration” means cash, securities (other than New Securities) or other property (whether of the Issuer or a third party).

 

Parity Value” means, in respect of any Trading Day, the amount determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent and calculated as follows:

 

PV = N x VWAP
     
where:    
     
PV = the Parity Value.
     
N = €100,000 divided by the Conversion Price in effect on such Trading Day, provided that if (A) such Trading Day falls on or after the Deemed Ex-Date in respect of an Adjustment Event, and (B) such adjustment is not yet in effect on such Trading Day, the Conversion Price in effect on such Trading Day shall for the purpose of this definition only be multiplied by the adjustment factor subsequently determined by the Calculation Agent to be applicable in respect of the relevant Conversion Price adjustment.
     
VWAP = the Volume Weighted Average Price of a Share on such Trading Day.

 

Person” means an individual, a corporation, a limited liability company, a partnership, an association, a trust or any other entity or organisation, including a government or political subdivision or an agency or instrumentality thereof.

 

Physical Settlement Date” means the date specified as such in any Physical Settlement Notice, which shall be not earlier than 10 nor later than 20 Business Days after the date on which the Physical Settlement Notice is given.

 

Physical Settlement Notice” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.1.

 

Prevailing Rate” means in respect of any pair of currencies on any day, the spot mid-rate of exchange between the relevant currencies prevailing as at or about 12 noon (Amsterdam time) on that day (for the purpose of this definition, the “Original Date”) as appearing on or derived from Bloomberg page BFIX (or any successor page) in respect of such pair of currencies, or, if such a rate cannot be so determined, the rate prevailing as at 12 noon (Amsterdam time) on the immediately preceding day on which such rate can be so determined, provided that if such immediately preceding day falls earlier than the fifth day prior to the Original Date or if such rate cannot be so determined (all as determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent), the Prevailing Rate in respect of the Original Date shall be the rate determined in such other manner as an Independent Financial Adviser shall consider appropriate.

 

Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Purchased Shares” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(b).

 

Reclassification” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(a)(x).

 

Reclassified Securities” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(a)(x).

 

Recognised Exchange” means a regulated and regularly operating stock exchange.

 

Record Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.2(d).

 

Redemption Notice” means an Optional Redemption Notice, a Tax Redemption Notice, a Shareholder Event Notice or a No-Acquisition Event Notice.

 

 

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Redemption Price” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1.

 

Reference Shares” means, in respect of the exercise of Investor Cash Settlement Rights or Conversion Rights by a Bondholder, the number of Shares (rounded down, if necessary, to the nearest whole number of Shares) determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent by dividing the aggregate principal amount of the Bonds being the subject of the relevant exercise of Investor Cash Settlement Rights or Conversion Rights by the Conversion Price in effect on the relevant Conversion Date, except that where the Conversion Date falls on or after the date an adjustment to the Conversion Price takes effect pursuant to Sections 5.4(a)(i), (ii), (iv), (v), (vi), (viii), (ix) or (x) but on or prior to the record date or other due date for establishment of entitlement in respect of the relevant event giving rise to such adjustment, then (provided, in respect of an exercise of Conversion Rights only, that the Issuer is able to confer the benefit of the relevant consolidation, reclassification, redesignation or subdivision, dividend, issue or grant (as the case may be) on the relevant Bondholder in respect of the relevant Shares to be issued or transferred and delivered to such Bondholder), the Conversion Price in respect of such exercise shall be such Conversion Price as would have been applicable to such exercise had no such adjustment been made.

 

Relevant Currency” means the euro.

 

Relevant Date” means, in respect of any Bond, whichever is the later of:

 

(i) the date on which payment in respect of it first becomes due; and

 

(ii) if any payment is improperly withheld or refused, the earlier of (a) the date on which payment in full of the amount outstanding is made or (b) the date falling seven days after the date on which notice is given to Bondholders that, upon further presentation of the Bond, where required pursuant to these Conditions, being made, such payment will be made, provided that such payment is in fact made as provided in these Conditions.

 

Relevant Exchange” means:

 

(i) in respect of the Shares, Euronext Amsterdam or, if at the relevant time the Shares are not at that time listed and admitted to trading on Euronext Amsterdam, the principal stock exchange or securities market on which the Shares are then listed, admitted to trading or quoted or dealt in, and

 

(ii) in respect of any Securities (other than Shares), Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets, the principal stock exchange or securities market on which such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets are then listed, admitted to trading or quoted or dealt in,

 

where “principal stock exchange or securities market” shall mean the stock exchange or securities market on which such Shares, Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets are listed, admitted to trading or quoted or dealt in, provided that if such Shares, Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets are listed, admitted to trading or quoted or dealt in (as the case may be) on more than one stock exchange or securities market at the relevant time, then “principal stock exchange or securities market” shall mean that stock exchange or securities market on which such Shares, Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets are then traded as determined by the Calculation Agent (if the Calculation Agent determines that it is able to make such determination) or (in any other case) by an Independent Financial Adviser by reference to the stock exchange or securities market with the highest average daily trading volume in respect of such Shares, Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets.

 

 

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Securities” means any securities including, without limitation, shares in the capital of the Issuer, or options, warrants or other rights to subscribe for or purchase or acquire shares in the capital of the Issuer.

 

Settlement Disruption Event” means an event beyond the control of the Issuer as a result of which any Central Securities Depository or any of their respective successors or any other central securities depository cannot settle the book-entry transfer of the Shares on such date.

 

Share Settlement Condition” means the approval at a general meeting of the Shareholders of such resolutions as are required to enable the issuance of, or transfer and delivery of, such number of Shares as may be required to be issued or transferred and delivered from time to time to satisfy the exercise of Conversion Rights pursuant and subject to these Conditions.

 

Shareholder Event Notice” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.3.

 

Shareholder Resolutions” means resolutions in respect of (i) the granting of rights to subscribe for Shares and the disapplication of pre-emptive rights in respect thereof to enable the issue of Shares in connection with the conversion of the Bonds and (ii) the approval of the Issuer’s acquisition of the German business of Delivery Hero S.E. (as announced by the Issuer on 21 December 2018).

 

Shareholders” means the holders of Shares.

 

Shares” means the ordinary shares in the capital of the Issuer with, as at the Closing Date, a nominal value €0.04 each.

 

Short Period” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.2.

 

Spin-off Event” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(a)(x).

 

Spin-off Securities” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(a)(x).

 

Subsidiary” means a subsidiary (dochtermaatschappij) as defined in Section 2:24a of Book 2 of the Dutch Civil Code.

 

TARGET” means the Trans-European Automated Real-Time Gross Settlement Express Transfer System (known as TARGET 2) or any successor thereto.

 

TARGET System” means the Trans-European Automated Real-Time Gross Settlement Express Transfer (TARGET2) System.

 

Tax Redemption Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.2.

 

Tax Redemption Notice” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.2.

 

Taxing Jurisdiction” means, in respect of any entity, the jurisdiction in which it is resident for tax purposes generally or any political subdivision or territory or possession or taxing authority thereof or therein.

 

Trading Day” means any calendar day other than a Saturday or Sunday that is (or, but for the occurrence of a Market Disruption Event, would have been) a trading day on which the Relevant Exchange is scheduled to be open for business and on which the Shares are scheduled to be capable of being dealt in (other than a day on which trading is scheduled to close prior to the regular closing time).

 

Trustee” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Volume Weighted Average Price” means, in respect of a Share, Security, Reclassified Security or, as the case may be, a Spin-Off Security, on any Trading Day, the volume weighted average price on such Trading Day on the Relevant Exchange of a Share, Security, Reclassified Security or, as the case may be, a Spin-Off Security, as published by or derived from Bloomberg page HP (or any successor page) (setting “Weighted Average Line”, or any other successor setting and using values not adjusted for any event occurring after such Trading Day; and for the avoidance of doubt, all values will be determined with all adjustment settings on the DPDF Page, or any successor or similar setting, switched off) in respect of such Share, Security, Reclassified Security or, as the case may be, Spin-Off Security and such Relevant Exchange (and for the avoidance of doubt such Bloomberg page for the Shares as at the Closing Date is TKWY NA Equity HP), if any or, in any such case, such other pricing source (if any) as shall be determined in good faith to be appropriate by an Independent Financial Adviser on such Trading Day and translated, if not in the Relevant Currency, into the Relevant Currency at the Prevailing Rate on such Trading Day, provided that if on any such Trading Day (for the purposes of this definition, the “Original Date”) such price is not available or cannot otherwise be determined as provided above, the Volume Weighted Average Price of a Share, Security, Reclassified Security or Spin-Off Security, as the case may be, in respect of such Trading Day shall be the Volume Weighted Average Price, determined as provided above, on the immediately preceding Trading Day on which the same can be so determined and further provided that if such immediately preceding Trading Day falls prior to the fifth day before the Original Date, an Independent Financial Adviser shall (acting reasonably) determine the Volume Weighted Average Price in respect of the Original Date in good faith, all as determined by (where specifically provided above) an Independent Financial Adviser or (in any other, case) the Calculation Agent.

 

 

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Voting Rights” means the right generally to vote at a general meeting of shareholders of the Issuer (irrespective of whether or not, at the time, stock of any other class or classes shall have, or might have, voting power by reason of the happening of any contingency) or to elect the majority of the members of the board of management or supervisory board of the Issuer.

 

References to any issue or offer or grant to existing holders of Shares “as a class” shall be taken to be references to an issue or offer or grant to all or substantially all existing holders of Shares, other than those to whom, by reason of the laws of any territory or requirements of any recognised regulatory body or any other stock exchange or securities market in any territory or in connection with fractional entitlements, it is determined not to make such issue or offer or grant.

 

15 Miscellaneous

 

15.1 Authentication

 

The Bonds evidenced by this certificate shall not become valid or obligatory until the certificate of authentication hereon shall have been duly signed by the Registrar acting under the Agency Agreement.

 

15.2 Repayment of Funds

 

All monies paid by the Issuer to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent or Conversion Agent for payment of principal or interest on any Bond which remain unclaimed at the end of two years after such payment has been made will be repaid to the Issuer and all liability of such Agent with respect thereto will cease, and, to the extent permitted by law, the Bondholders shall thereafter look only to the Issuer for payment as a general unsecured creditor thereof.

 

15.3 Prescription

 

Claims for payment on the Bonds which are not exercised within five years from the due date of the relevant payment will lapse and revert to the Issuer.

 

 

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15.4 Indemnification of Judgment Currency

 

The Issuer will indemnify each Bondholder against loss incurred by such Bondholder as a result of any judgment or order being given or made for any amount due under the Bonds and such judgment or order being expressed and paid in a currency other than euro (the “Judgment Currency”) and as a result of any variation as between (i) the rate of exchange at which euro is converted into the Judgment Currency for the purpose of such judgment or order and (ii) the spot rate of exchange in euro at which the Bondholder on the date of payment of such judgment or order is able to purchase euro with the amount of the Judgment Currency actually received by the Bondholder.

 

15.5 Descriptive Headings

 

The descriptive headings appearing in these Conditions are for convenience of reference only and shall not alter, limit or define the provisions hereof.

 

15.6 Further Issues

 

The Issuer may from time to time without the consent of the Bondholders create and issue further bonds having the same terms and conditions in all respects as the outstanding Bonds or in all respects except for the first payment of interest on them and the first date on which Conversion Rights may be exercised and so that such further issue shall be consolidated and form a single series with the outstanding Bonds. Any further notes, bonds or debentures forming a single series with the outstanding Bonds constituted by the Trust Deed or any deed supplemental to it shall, and any other notes, bonds or debentures may, with the consent of the Trustee, be constituted by a deed supplemental to the Trust Deed. The Trust Deed contains provisions for convening a single meeting of the Bondholders and the holders of notes, bonds or debentures of other series in certain circumstances where the Trustee so decides.

 

15.7 Notices

 

(a) Notice to the Issuer

 

Any notice or demand to or on the Issuer may be given or served by being deposited in the mail, first class postage prepaid (if available), and addressed to:

 

Takeaway.com N.V. 

Oosterdoksstraat 80, 

1011 DK Amsterdam 

The Netherlands 

 

Attention: Brent Wissink / Jitse Groen

 

or such other address as the Issuer may provide to the Bondholders, the Trustee and the Agents in writing.

 

(b) Notice to the Trustee

 

Any notice or demand to or on the Trustee may be given or served by being deposited in the mail, first class postage prepaid (if available), and addressed to:

 

Stichting Trustee Takeaway.com 

Hoogoorddreef 15 

1101 BA 

Amsterdam 

The Netherlands

 

 

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Attention: The Directors

 

or such other address as the Trustee may provide to a Bondholder, the Issuer or the Agents in writing.

 

(c) Notice to Agents

 

Any notice or demand to or on the Agents may be given or served by being deposited in the mail, first class postage prepaid (if available), and addressed to:

 

The Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent:

 

ABN AMRO Bank N.V. 

Gustav Mahlerlaan 10 

1082 PP Amsterdam 

The Netherlands

 

Attention: Equity Capital Markets

 

The Registrar:

 

Bank of America Merrill Lynch International Designated Activity Company 

Bank of America Merrill Lynch 

Block D, Central Park 

Leopardstown 

D18 N924 

Ireland

 

Attention: Asset Services, Common Depository/Registrar

 

or such other address as the Agents may provide to a Bondholder, the Issuer or the Trustee in writing.

 

(d) Notice to Bondholders

 

Where these Bonds or the Trust Deed requires any notice to be given to a Bondholder then unless specified otherwise in these Conditions, such notice shall be given as follows: (A) (x) in the case of Bonds evidenced by the Global Bond Certificate on deposit with a Central Securities Depository, such notice shall be delivered in writing to such Central Securities Depository (and the date on which such notice is so delivered shall be the date on which such notice shall be deemed to have been given) and (y) in the case of Bonds evidenced by individual certificates in registered form, such notice shall be given by publication on the website of the Issuer (and the date on which such notice is so published shall be the date on which such notice shall be deemed to have been given), and (B) so long as the Bonds are listed on any stock exchange or trading platform (and the rules of that stock exchange or trading platform so require), published in a manner which complies with the rules and regulations of such stock exchange or trading platform) (and the date on which such notice is so published shall be the date on which such notice shall be deemed to have been given).

 

If any notice is required to be given more than once or on different dates pursuant to this Section 15.7(d), then such notice shall be deemed to have been given on the first date on which such notice is deemed to be given as provided above. 

 

 

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In addition, at the direction of the Issuer and if the Calculation Agent determines in its sole discretions it is able to do so, the Calculation Agent will request Bloomberg to publish the relevant notice on the relevant page for the Bonds (at the expense (if any) of the Issuer) for information purposes only.

 

15.8 Governing Law and Jurisdiction

 

The Bonds (including, for the avoidance of doubt, the second paragraph of this Section 15.8), the Trust Deed and the Agency Agreement, and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with them, shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the law of The Netherlands.

 

Any dispute in connection with or arising from the Bonds, the Trust Deed and the Agency Agreement or their implementation will be exclusively decided by the competent courts of Amsterdam, The Netherlands, subject to the authority of the Trustee, if it considers this expedient to do so, to agree to prorogation (prorogatie).

 

 

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SCHEDULE 2 

Form of Original Individual Certificate

 

On the front:

 

ISIN: XS1940192039

 

THE BONDS EVIDENCED BY THIS CERTIFICATE HAVE NOT BEEN AND WILL NOT BE REGISTERED UNDER THE U.S. SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”) OR WITH ANY SECURITIES REGULATORY AUTHORITY OF ANY STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF THE UNITED STATES, THE BONDS ARE BEING OFFERED AND SOLD OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES IN COMPLIANCE WITH REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT. THE BONDS MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD WITHIN THE UNITED STATES EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT. TERMS IN THIS LEGEND ARE USED AS USED IN REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT.

 

TAKEAWAY.COM N.V. 

(a limited liability company (naamloze vennootschap) incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands with registered number 08142836)

 

€250,000,000 2.25 per cent. Senior Unsecured Convertible Bonds due 2024

 

This Bond is an Individual Certificate and forms part of a series designated as specified in the title (the “Bonds”) of Takeaway.com N.V. (the “Issuer”) and constituted by the Trust Deed referred to on the reverse hereof. The Bonds are subject to, and have the benefit of, that Trust Deed and the terms and conditions (the “Conditions”) set out on the reverse hereof.

 

The Issuer hereby certifies that [●] is/are, at the date hereof, entered in the Bonds Register as the holder(s) of Bonds in the principal amount of €[●].

 

The Bonds evidenced by this Individual Certificate are convertible into ordinary shares of the Issuer (“Shares”) as provided in the Conditions. On the relevant Delivery Date, the Issuer will issue or transfer and deliver to the converting holder such number of Shares, or make payment to the relevant holder of the relevant cash amounts, all as specified in and subject to and in accordance with the Conditions and the Trust Deed.

 

This Individual Certificate is evidence of entitlement only. Title to Bonds passes only on due registration on the Bonds Register and only the duly registered holder is entitled to payments in respect of this Individual Certificate.

 

This Individual Certificate and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with it are governed by, and shall be construed in accordance with, Dutch law.

 

Capitalised terms not defined herein shall have the meaning ascribed thereto in the Trust Deed and the Conditions.

 

 

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In Witness whereof the Issuer has caused this Bond to be signed in facsimile on its behalf.

 

Dated ________

 

   

Authorised Signatory

 

For and on behalf of

 

TAKEAWAY.COM N.V.

 

This Individual Certificate is authenticated without recourse, warranty or liability by or on behalf of the Registrar

 

BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL DESIGNATED ACTIVITY COMPANY

 

By: By:
   
Authorised Signatory Authorised Signatory

 

For use by the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent:

 

Following the exercise by the Issuer on ……………………. of its tax redemption option pursuant to Section 4.2 of the Conditions, a Bondholder’s Tax Redemption Notice was received by the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent on ………………….. in respect of the Bonds evidenced by this Individual Certificate. Accordingly, the provisions of Section 6 of the Conditions shall not apply in respect of any payment in respect of principal or interest to be made on such Bonds which falls due after the Tax Redemption Date specified in the Tax Redemption Notice.

 

 

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On the back:

 

Terms and Conditions of the Bonds

 

[THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS THAT ARE SET OUT IN SCHEDULE 1 TO THE TRUST DEED WILL BE SET OUT HERE]

 

Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent

 

ABN AMRO Bank N.V. 

Gustav Mahlerlaan 10 

1082 PP Amsterdam 

The Netherlands 

Fax no.: +31 (0) 20 383 1661 

Email: as.exchange.agency@nl.abnamro.com 

Attention: AS Exchange Agency / Corporate Broking

 

Registrar

 

Bank of America Merrill Lynch International Designated Activity Company 

Bank of America Merrill Lynch 

Block D, Central Park 

Leopardstown 

D18 N924 

Ireland 

Email: common.depository@bankofamerica.com; ipa.europe@baml.com 

Attention: Asset Services, Common Depository/Registrar

 

 

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Form of Transfer

 

FOR VALUE RECEIVED the undersigned hereby transfers to

 

   
   
   

 

(PLEASE PRINT OR TYPEWRITE NAME AND ADDRESS OF TRANSFEREE)

 

(not more than four names may appear as joint holders)

 

€[●] in principal amount of this Bond, and all rights in respect thereof, and irrevocably requests the Registrar to transfer such principal amount of this Bond on the books kept for registration thereof.

 

Dated    
     
Signed    

 

Notes:

 

(i) The signature to this transfer must correspond with the name as it appears on the face of this Bond.

 

(ii) A representative of the Bondholder should state the capacity in which he signs e.g. executor.

 

(iii) The signature of the person effecting a transfer shall conform to any list of duly authorised specimen signatures supplied by the registered holder or be certified by a recognised bank, notary public or in such other manner as the Registrar may require.

 

(iv) Any transfer of Bonds shall be in the minimum amount of €100,000.

 

 

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SCHEDULE 3 

Form of Original Global Bond Certificate

 

THE BONDS EVIDENCED BY THIS CERTIFICATE HAVE NOT BEEN AND WILL NOT BE REGISTERED UNDER THE U.S. SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”) OR WITH ANY SECURITIES REGULATORY AUTHORITY OF ANY STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF THE UNITED STATES, THE BONDS ARE BEING OFFERED AND SOLD OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES IN COMPLIANCE WITH REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT. THE BONDS MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD WITHIN THE UNITED STATES EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT. TERMS IN THIS LEGEND ARE USED AS USED IN REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT.

 

ISIN: XS1940192039

 

TAKEAWAY.COM N.V. 

(a limited liability company (naamloze vennootschap) incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands with registered number 08142836)

 

€250,000,000 2.25 per cent. Senior Unsecured Convertible Bonds due 2024

 

Global Bond Certificate

 

Registered Holder : Bank of America GSS Nominees Limited as nominee of Bank of
    America N.A., London Branch, as Common Depositary for
    Euroclear and Clearstream Luxembourg.
     
Address of Registered : 2 King Edward Street
Holder   London EC1A 1HQ
    United Kingdom

 

This Global Bond Certificate is issued in respect of the €250,000,000 2.25 per cent. Senior Unsecured Convertible Bonds due 2024 (the “Bonds”) of Takaway.com N.V. (the “Issuer”). This Global Bond Certificate certifies that the Registered Holder (as defined above) is registered as the holder of such nominal amount of the Bonds at the date hereof.

 

Interpretation and Definitions

 

References in this Global Bond Certificate to the “Conditions” are to the Terms and Conditions applicable to the Bonds (which are in the form set out in Schedule 1 to the Trust Deed dated 25 January 2019 between the Issuer and Stichting Trustee Takeaway.com as Trustee, as such form is supplemented and/or modified and/or superseded by the provisions of this Global Bond Certificate, which in the event of any conflict shall prevail). Other capitalised terms used in this Global Bond Certificate shall have the meanings given to them in the Conditions or the Trust Deed.

 

Promise to Pay

 

The Issuer, for value received, promises to pay to the registered holder of the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate (subject to surrender of this Global Bond Certificate if no further payment falls to be made in respect of such Bonds) on the Maturity Date (or on such earlier date as the amount payable upon redemption under the Conditions may become payable in accordance with the Conditions) the amount payable upon redemption under the Conditions in respect of the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate and to pay interest in respect of such Bonds from 25 July 2019 in arrear at the rates, in the amounts and on the dates for payment provided for in the Conditions together with such other sums and additional amounts (if any) as may be payable under the Conditions, in accordance with the Conditions.

 

 

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For the purposes of this Global Bond Certificate, (a) the holder of the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate is bound by the provisions of the Trust Deed, (b) the Issuer certifies that the Registered Holder is, at the date hereof, entered in the Bonds Register as the holder of the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate, (c) this Global Bond Certificate is evidence of entitlement only, (d) title to the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate passes only on due registration on the Bonds Register, and (e) only the holder of the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate is entitled to payments in respect of the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate.

 

Meetings

 

The holder of the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate shall (unless this Global Bond Certificate represents only one Bond) be treated as two persons for the purposes of any quorum requirements of a meeting of Bondholders.

 

Conversion

 

For so long as this Global Bond Certificate is held on behalf of any one or more of Euroclear, Clearstream, Luxembourg or an alternative clearing system, Conversion Rights and Investor Cash Settlement Rights may be exercised as against the Issuer in accordance with the Conditions by the delivery to or to the order of the Conversion Agent in accordance with the standard procedures of Euroclear, Clearstream, Luxembourg or the alternative clearing system of one or more Conversion Notices duly completed by or on behalf of a holder of a book-entry interest representing entitlements to the Global Bond Certificate. Upon exercise of Conversion Rights or Investor Cash Settlement Rights, the Conversion Agent shall annotate Schedule A hereto accordingly.

 

This Global Bond Certificate shall not become valid for any purpose until authenticated by or on behalf of the Registrar.

 

 

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In witness whereof the Issuer has caused this Global Bond Certificate to be signed on its behalf. 

 

Dated 25 January 2019

 

TAKEAWAY.COM N.V.

 

By:

 

Authorised Signatory

 

This Global Bond Certificate is authenticated by or on behalf of the Registrar.

 

BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL DESIGNATED ACTIVITY COMPANY

 

By:

 

Authorised Signatory

 

Authorised Signatory

 

For the purposes of authentication only.

 

 

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Schedule A 

Schedule of Reductions in Principal Amount of Bonds in respect of which this 

Global Bond Certificate is Issued

 

The following reductions in the principal amount of the Bonds in respect of which this Global Bond Certificate is issued have been made as a result of: (i) exercise of Conversion Rights or Investor Cash Settlement Rights attaching to the Bonds, or (ii) redemption of the Bonds, or (iii) purchase and cancellation of the Bonds or (iv) issue of Individual Certificates in respect of the Bonds:

 

Date of Conversion/Investor Cash Settlement Redemption/ Purchase and Cancellation/ Issue of Individual Certificates (stating which)   Amount of decrease in principal amount of this Global Bond Certificate (€)   Principal Amount of this Global Bond Certificate following such decrease (€)   Notation made by or on behalf of the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent

 

 

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SCHEDULE 4 

Provisions for Meetings of Bondholders

 

1 In this Schedule the following expressions have the following meanings:

 

1.1 Electronic Consent” has the meaning set out in paragraph 19;

 

1.2 Extraordinary Resolution” means a resolution passed (i) at a meeting of Bondholders duly convened and held in accordance with these provisions by or on behalf of the Bondholder(s) of not less than 75 per cent. of the persons eligible to vote at such meeting, (ii) by a Written Resolution or (iii) by an Electronic Consent; and

 

1.3 Written Resolution” means a resolution in writing signed by or on behalf of Bondholders representing in aggregate not less than 75 per cent. in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding.

 

2          

 

2.1 A holder of a Bond in registered form may by an instrument in writing in the form available from any Agent in English signed by the holder or, in the case of a corporation, executed under its common seal or signed on its behalf by an attorney or a duly authorised officer of the corporation and delivered to any Agent not later than 48 hours before the time fixed for any meeting, appoint any person as a proxy to act on his or its behalf in connection with any meeting or proposed meeting of Bondholders.

 

2.2 A holder of a Bond (whether such Bonds are evidenced by a Global Bond Certificate or an Individual Certificate) in registered form which is a corporation may, by delivering to any Agent not later than 48 hours before the time fixed for any meeting a resolution in English of its directors or other governing body, authorise any person to act as its representative (a “representative”) in connection with any meeting or proposed meeting of Bondholders.

 

2.3 A proxy or representative so appointed shall so long as such appointment remains in force be deemed, for all purposes in connection with any meeting or proposed meeting of Bondholders specified in such appointment, to be the holder of the Bonds to which such appointment relates and the holder of the Bonds shall be deemed for such purposes not to be the holder.

 

3 Each of the Issuer and the Trustee at any time may, and the Issuer upon a request in writing of Bondholders holding not less than 10 per cent. in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding shall, convene a meeting of Bondholders. Whenever any such party is about to convene any such meeting, it shall forthwith give notice in writing to each other party of the day, time and place of the meeting and of the nature of the business to be transacted at it. Every such meeting shall be held at such time and place as the Trustee may approve.

 

4 At least 21 days’ notice (exclusive of the day on which the notice is given and of the day on which the meeting is held) specifying the day, time and place of meeting shall be given to the Bondholders. A copy of the notice shall in all cases be given by the party convening the meeting to each of the other parties. Such notice shall also specify the nature of the resolutions to be proposed.

 

5 A person (who may, but need not, be a Bondholder) nominated in writing by the Trustee may take the chair at every such meeting but if no such nomination is made or if at any meeting the person nominated shall not be present within 15 minutes after the time fixed for the meeting, the Bondholders present shall choose one of their number to be chairman, failing which the Issuer may appoint a chairman. The chairman of an adjourned meeting need not be the same person as was chairman of the original meeting.

 

 

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6 At any such meeting any one or more persons present in person holding Bonds or being proxies or representatives and holding or representing in the aggregate not less than 15 per cent. in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding shall (except for the purpose of passing an Extraordinary Resolution) form a quorum for the transaction of business and no business (other than the choosing of a chairman) shall be transacted at any meeting unless the requisite quorum be present at the commencement of business. The quorum at any such meeting for passing an Extraordinary Resolution shall (subject as provided below) be one or more persons present in person holding Bonds or being proxies or representatives and holding or representing in the aggregate a majority in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding; provided that at any meeting the business of which includes any of the matters specified in the proviso to paragraph 16, the quorum shall be one or more persons present in person holding Bonds or being proxies or representatives and holding or representing in the aggregate not less than two-thirds in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding, a holder of a Global Bond Certificate being treated as two persons.

 

7 If within 15 minutes from the time fixed for any such meeting a quorum is not present, the meeting shall, if convened upon the requisition of Bondholders, be dissolved. In any other case it shall stand adjourned (unless the Issuer and the Trustee agree that it be dissolved) for such period, not being less than 14 days nor more than 42 days, and to such place, as may be decided by the chairman. At such adjourned meeting one or more persons present in person holding Bonds or voting certificates or being proxies or representatives (whatever the principal amount of the Bonds so held or represented) shall form a quorum and may pass any resolution and decide upon all matters which could properly have been dealt with at the meeting from which the adjournment took place had a quorum been present at such meeting; provided that at any adjourned meeting at which is to be proposed an Extraordinary Resolution for the purpose of effecting any of the modifications specified in the proviso to paragraph 16, the quorum shall be one or more persons so present holding Bonds or being proxies or representatives and holding or representing in the aggregate not less than one-half in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding. If a quorum is not present within 15 minutes from the time fixed for a meeting so adjourned, the meeting shall be dissolved.

 

8 The chairman may with the consent of (and shall if directed by) any meeting adjourn such meeting from time to time and from place to place but no business shall be transacted at any adjourned meeting except business which might lawfully have been transacted at the meeting from which the adjournment took place.

 

9 At least 10 days’ notice of any meeting adjourned through want of a quorum shall be given in the same manner as for an original meeting and such notice shall state the quorum required at such adjourned meeting. It shall not, however, otherwise be necessary to give any notice of an adjourned meeting.

 

10 Every question submitted to a meeting shall be decided in the first instance by a show of hands and in case of equality of votes the chairman shall both on a show of hands and on a poll have a casting vote in addition to the vote or votes (if any) which he may have as a Bondholder or as a proxy or representative.

 

 

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11 At any meeting, unless a poll is (before or on the declaration of the result of the show of hands) demanded by the chairman, the Issuer, the Trustee or by one or more persons holding one or more Bonds or being proxies or representatives and holding or representing in the aggregate not less than one-fiftieth in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding, a declaration by the chairman that a resolution has been carried or carried by a particular majority or lost or not carried by any particular majority shall be conclusive evidence of the fact without proof of the number or proportion of the votes recorded in favour of or against such resolution.

 

12 If at any meeting a poll is so demanded, it shall be taken in such manner and (subject as provided below) either at once or after such an adjournment as the chairman directs and the result of such poll shall be deemed to be the resolution of the meeting at which the poll was demanded as at the date of the taking of the poll. The demand for a poll shall not prevent the continuation of the meeting for the transaction of any business other than the question on which the poll has been demanded.

 

13 Any poll demanded at any meeting on the election of a chairman or on any question of adjournment shall be taken at the meeting without adjournment.

 

14 The Issuer and the Trustee (through their respective representatives) and their respective financial and legal advisers may attend and speak at any meeting of Bondholders. No one else may attend at any meeting of Bondholders or join with others in requesting the convening of such a meeting unless he is the holder of a Bond or is a proxy or a representative of a Bondholder.

 

15 At any meeting on a show of hands every person who is present in person and who produces a Bond or is a proxy or a representative shall have one vote and on a poll every person who is so present shall have one vote in respect of each €100,000 in principal amount of the Bonds so produced or represented or in respect of which he is a proxy or a representative. Without prejudice to the obligations of proxies, any person entitled to more than one vote need not use all his votes or cast all the votes to which he is entitled in the same way.

 

16 A meeting of Bondholders shall, subject to the Conditions, in addition to the powers given above, but without prejudice to any powers conferred on other persons by this Trust Deed, have power exercisable by Extraordinary Resolution:

 

16.1 to sanction any proposal by the Issuer or the Trustee for any modification, abrogation, variation or compromise of, or arrangement in respect of, the rights of the Bondholders against the Issuer or against any of its property whether such rights shall arise under this Trust Deed, the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, or otherwise;

 

16.2 to sanction any scheme or proposal for the exchange, substitution or sale of the Bonds for, or the conversion of the Bonds into, or the cancellation of the Bonds in consideration of, shares, stock, notes, bonds, debentures, debenture stock and/or other obligations and/or securities of the Issuer or any other body corporate formed or to be formed, or partly for or into or in consideration of such shares, stock, notes, bonds, debentures, debenture stock and/or other obligations and/or securities as aforesaid;

 

16.3 to assent to any modification of this Trust Deed or the Conditions which shall be proposed by the Issuer or the Trustee;

 

 

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16.4 to authorise anyone to concur in and do all such things as may be necessary to carry out and to give any authority, direction or sanction which under this Trust Deed or the Bonds is required to be given by Extraordinary Resolution;

 

16.5 to appoint any persons (whether Bondholders or not) as a committee or committees to represent the interests of the Bondholders and to confer upon such committee or committees any powers or discretions which the Bondholders could themselves exercise by Extraordinary Resolution;

 

16.6 to approve a person proposed to be appointed as a new Trustee and to remove any Trustee; and

 

16.7 to discharge or exonerate the Trustee from any liability in respect of any act or omission for which it may become responsible under this Trust Deed or the Bonds,

 

provided that the special quorum provisions contained in the proviso to paragraph 6 and, in the case of an adjourned meeting, in the proviso to paragraph 7 shall apply in relation to any Extraordinary Resolution for the purpose of paragraph 16.2 and making any modification to the provisions contained in this Trust Deed or the Conditions which would have the effect of:

 

(i) changing the Maturity Date or the dates on which interest is payable in respect of the Bonds,

 

(ii) modifying the circumstances in which the Issuer or Bondholders are entitled to redeem the Bonds pursuant to Sections 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 or 4.4 of the Conditions (other than removing the right of the Issuer to redeem the Bonds pursuant to Sections 4.1 or 4.2 of the Conditions);

 

(iii) reducing or cancelling the principal amount of, or interest on, the Bonds or to reduce the amount payable on redemption of the Bonds;

 

(iv) modifying the basis for calculating the interest payable in respect of the Bonds;

 

(v) modifying the provisions relating to, or cancelling, Investor Cash Settlement Rights or Conversion Rights or the rights of Bondholders to receive Shares or a Cash Alternative Amount on exercise of Investor Cash Settlement Rights or Conversion Rights, as applicable, pursuant to the Conditions (other than a reduction to the Conversion Price);

 

(vi) increasing the Conversion Price (other than in accordance with the Conditions);

 

(vii) modifying the basis for calculating the Cash Alternative Amount;

 

(viii) changing the currency of the denomination of the Bonds or of any payment in respect of the Bonds;

 

(ix) changing the governing law of the Bonds, the Trust Deed or the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement;

 

(x) modifying the provisions concerning the quorum required at any meeting of Bondholders or the majority required to pass an Extraordinary Resolution; or

 

(xi) amending this proviso.

 

17 An Extraordinary Resolution passed at a meeting of Bondholders duly convened and held in accordance with this Trust Deed shall be binding upon all the Bondholders, whether or not present at such meeting and whether or not they vote in favour, and each of the Bondholders shall be bound to give effect to it accordingly. The passing of any such resolution shall be conclusive evidence that the circumstances of such resolution justify the passing of it.

 

 

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18 Minutes of all resolutions and proceedings at every such meeting shall be made and entered in the books to be from time to time provided for that purpose by the Issuer or the Trustee and any such minutes, if purporting to be signed by the chairman of the meeting at which such resolutions were passed or proceedings transacted or by the chairman of the next succeeding meeting of Bondholders, shall be conclusive evidence of the matters contained in them and until the contrary is proved every such meeting in respect of the proceedings of which minutes have been so made and signed shall be deemed to have been duly convened and held and all resolutions passed or proceedings transacted at it to have been duly passed and transacted.

 

19 Subject to the following paragraph, a Written Resolution may be contained in one document or in several documents in like form, each signed by or on behalf of one or more of the Bondholders.

 

For so long as the Bonds are in the form of a Global Bond Certificate registered in the name of a common depositary for Euroclear, Clearstream, Luxembourg or another clearing system, or a nominee of any of the above then, in respect of any resolution proposed by the Issuer or the Trustee:

 

(i) where the terms of the proposed resolution have been notified to the Bondholders through the relevant clearing system(s), each of the Issuer and the Trustee shall be entitled to rely upon approval of such resolution proposed by the Issuer or the Trustee (as the case may be) given by way of electronic consents communicated through the electronic communications systems of the relevant clearing system(s) in accordance with their operating rules and procedures by or on behalf of the Bondholder(s) of not less than 75 per cent. in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding (“Electronic Consent”). Neither the Issuer nor the Trustee shall be liable or responsible to anyone for such reliance; and

 

(ii) where Electronic Consent is not being sought, for the purpose of determining whether a Written Resolution has been validly passed, the Issuer and the Trustee shall be entitled to rely on consent or instructions given in writing directly to the Issuer and/or the Trustee, as the case may be, by accountholders in the clearing system with entitlements to such Global Bond Certificate or, where the accountholders hold any such entitlement on behalf of another person, on written consent from or written instruction by the person for whom such entitlement is ultimately beneficially held, whether such beneficiary holds directly with the accountholder or via one or more intermediaries and provided that, in each case, the Issuer and the Trustee have obtained commercially reasonable evidence to ascertain the validity of such holding and have taken reasonable steps to ensure that such holding does not alter following the giving of such consent or instruction and prior to the effecting of such amendment. Any resolution passed in such manner shall be binding on all Bondholders, even if the relevant consent or instruction proves to be defective. As used in this paragraph, “commercially reasonable evidence” includes any certificate or other document issued by Euroclear, Clearstream, Luxembourg or any other relevant clearing system, and/or issued by an accountholder of them or an intermediary in a holding chain, in relation to the holding of interests in the Bonds. Any such certificate or other document shall, in the absence of manifest error, be conclusive and binding for all purposes. Any such certificate or other document may comprise any form of statement or print out of electronic records provided by the relevant clearing system (including Euroclear’s EUCLID or Clearstream, Luxembourg’s CreationOnline system) in accordance with its usual procedures and in which the accountholder of a particular principal or nominal amount of the Bonds is clearly identified together with the amount of such holding. Neither the Issuer nor the Trustee shall be liable to any person by reason of having accepted as valid or not having rejected any certificate or other document to such effect purporting to be issued by any such person and subsequently found to be forged or not authentic.

 

 

81

 


 

A Written Resolution and/or Electronic Consent shall take effect as an Extraordinary Resolution. A Written Resolution and/or Electronic Consent will be binding on all Bondholders, whether or not they participated in such Written Resolution and/or Electronic Consent.

 

20 Subject to all other provisions contained in this Trust Deed the Trustee may without the consent of the Bondholders prescribe such further regulations regarding the holding of meetings of Bondholders and attendance and voting at them as the Trustee may in its sole discretion determine including particularly (but without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing) such regulations and requirements as the Trustee thinks reasonable:

 

20.1 so as to satisfy itself that persons who purport to requisition a meeting in accordance with paragraph 3 or who purport to make any requisition to the Trustee in accordance with this Trust Deed are in fact Bondholders; and

 

20.2 so as to satisfy itself that persons who purport to attend or vote at any meeting of Bondholders are entitled to do so in accordance with this Trust Deed.

 

21 Nothing in this Trust Deed shall prevent any of the proxies named in any form of proxy from being a director, managing director, officer or representative of, or otherwise connected with, the Issuer or any of its other Subsidiaries.

 

22 References in this Schedule to Agents shall, where the context requires, be taken to be references to Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent.

 

 

82

 


 

SCHEDULE 5 

Form of Directors’ Certificate

 

[ON THE HEADED PAPER OF THE ISSUER]

 

To: Stichting Trustee Takeaway.com

Hoogoorddreef 15 

1101 BA 

Amsterdam

 

[Date]

 

Dear Sirs

 

Takeaway.com N.V. 

€250,000,000 2.25 per cent. Senior Unsecured Convertible Bonds due 2024

 

This certificate is delivered to you in accordance with Clause 9.5 of the Trust Deed dated 25 January 2019 (the “Trust Deed”) and made between Takeaway.com N.V. (the “Issuer”) and Stichting Trustee Takeaway.com (the “Trustee”). All words and expressions defined in the Trust Deed shall (save as otherwise provided herein or unless the context otherwise requires) have the same meanings herein. The undersigned, having made all reasonable enquiries to the best of their knowledge, information and belief, hereby confirms (but without any personal liability):

 

(a) As at [●]1, no Event of Default or Change of Control existed [other than [●]]2 and no Event of Default or Change of Control had existed at any time since [●]3 [the Certification Date (as defined in the Trust Deed) of the last certificate delivered under Clause 9.54]/[the date of this Trust Deed] [other than [●]]5; and

 

(a) From and including [●]3 [the Certification Date of the last certificate delivered under Clause 9.5]4/[the date of this Trust Deed] to and including [●]1, the Issuer confirms that there has been no breach in respect of its obligations under the Trust Deed [other than [●]]6 and that no Change of Control [other than [●]]7 has occurred.

 

For and on behalf of the Issuer

 

Executive Director

 

 
1 Specify a date not more than 5 days before the date of delivery of the certificate.

2 If any Event of Default or Change of Control did exist, give details; otherwise delete.

3 Insert date of Trust Deed in respect of the first certificate delivered under Clause 9.5, otherwise delete.

4 Include unless the certificate is the first certificate delivered under Clause 9.5, in which case delete.

5 If any Event of Default or Change of Control did exist, give details; otherwise delete.

6 If the Issuer has failed to comply with any obligation(s), give details; otherwise delete.

7 If a Change of Control has occurred, give details; otherwise delete.

 

 

83

 


 

SIGNED by  
   
TAKEAWAY.COM N.V.  
   
By:  
   
/s/ Brent Wissink  
   
Authorised Signatory
 
Name: Brent Wissink
Title:   Managing Director

 

 

Signature page to Trust Deed

 


 

SIGNED by    
     
STICHTING TRUSTEE TAKEAWAY.COM    
     
By: SGG Custody B.V.    
     
/s/ Douglas Tessers   /s/ J. van der Sluis
   
J. van der Sluis
Director
Authorised Signatory    
     
Douglas Tessers    
Proxy Holder    

 

 

Signature page to Trust Deed

 


 


Exhibit 4.4

 

EXECUTION VERSION

 

Dated 30 April 2020

 

JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V.

 

as Issuer

 

and

 

STICHTING TRUSTEE JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM

 

as Trustee

 

TRUST DEED

 

constituting

€300,000,000 1.25 per cent. Senior Unsecured Convertible Bonds due 2026

 

Linklaters 

 

Ref: BJD/CD/LJ

 

Linklaters LLP



Table of Contents

 

  Contents Page
     
1 Interpretation 3
     
2 Amount of the Original Bonds and Covenant to pay 7
     
3 Form of the Original Bonds 8
     
4 Stamp Duties and Taxes 8
     
5 Further Issues 9
     
6 Application of Moneys received by the Trustee 10
     
7 Covenant to Comply 11
     
8 Covenants relating to Conversion Rights and Investor Cash Settlement Rights 11
     
9 Covenants 12
     
10 Remuneration and Indemnification of the Trustee 14
     
11 Proceedings and Actions by the Trustee 15
     
12 Trustee’s Rights and Obligations 16
     
13 Modification, Waiver and Proof of Default 21
     
14 Trustee not precluded from entering into Contracts 21
     
15 Appointment, Retirement and Removal of the Trustee: 22
     
16 Currency Indemnity 23
     
17 Communications 24
     
18 No rescission 24
     
19 Governing Law and Jurisdiction 25
     
20 Counterparts 25
     
SCHEDULE 1 Terms and Conditions of the Bonds 26
     
SCHEDULE 2 Form of Original Individual Certificate 67
     
SCHEDULE 3 Form of Original Global Bond Certificate 71
     
SCHEDULE 4 Provisions for Meetings of Bondholders 76
     
SCHEDULE 5 Form of Directors’ Certificate 83

 

 

2



This Trust Deed is made on 30 April 2020 between:

 


(1) JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V., a limited liability company (naamloze vennootschap) incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands, having its corporate seat (statutaire zetel) in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and its office at Oosterdoksstraat 80, 1011 DK Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and registered with the trade register of the chamber of commerce under number 08142836, as issuer (the “Issuer”); and

 


(2) STICHTING TRUSTEE JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM, a foundation (stichting) incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands, having its corporate seat (statutaire zetel) in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, with its office at Hoogoorddreef 15, 1101 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and registered with the trade register of the chamber of commerce under number 77890701, as trustee (the “Trustee”, which expression shall, where the context so admits, include all persons for the time being the trustee or trustees of this Trust Deed).

 

Whereas:

 


(A) The Issuer has by resolutions of (i) its management board passed on 22 April 2020, (ii) its supervisory board passed on 20 April 2020 and (iii) the convertible pricing committee established by the management board passed on 23 April 2020, authorised the issue of  €300,000,000 1.25 per cent. Senior Unsecured Convertible Bonds due 2026 to be constituted by this Trust Deed and, following satisfaction of the Share Settlement Condition, the issue of the Shares on conversion of the Bonds.

 


(B) The Trustee has agreed to act as trustee of this Trust Deed on the following terms and conditions.

 

This Deed witnesses and it is declared as follows:

 


1 Interpretation

 

1.1 Definitions: The following expressions shall have the following meanings:

 

Agents” means, in relation to the Original Bonds, the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, the Registrar and any other paying and conversion agent appointed pursuant to the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement (and “Agent” means any one of them) and, in relation to any Further Bonds, means any agent or registrar appointed in relation to them;

 

Bondholder” and “holder” mean, in relation to a Bond, the person in whose name the Bond is registered in the Bonds Register;

 

Bonds” means the Original Bonds and/or, as the context may require, any Further Bonds except that in Schedules 2 and 3 “Bonds” means the Original Bonds;

 

Bonds Register” has the meaning specified in Section 14 of the Conditions;

 

Business Day” means a calendar day other than a Saturday or a Sunday which in Amsterdam is neither a public holiday nor a calendar day on which banking institutions are closed;

 

Certification Date” has the meaning specified in Clause 9.5;

 

Clearstream, Luxembourg” means Clearstream Banking S.A.;

 

Conditions” means, in relation to the Original Bonds, the terms and conditions set out in Schedule 1 and, in relation to any Further Bonds, the terms and conditions relating to such Further Bonds (which may, for the avoidance of doubt, be the terms and conditions set out in Schedule 1) as any of the same may from time to time be modified in accordance with this Trust Deed, and, with respect to any Bonds evidenced by a Global Bond Certificate, as modified by the provisions of such Global Bond Certificate and references in this Trust Deed to a particular numbered Section of the Conditions shall be construed accordingly and, in relation to any Further Bonds, as a reference to the provision (if any) in the Conditions thereof which corresponds to the particular Section of the Conditions of the Original Bonds;

 

 

3



Consolidated Financial Statements” means the Issuer’s audited consolidated annual financial statements or its unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements, as the case may be, including the relevant accounting policies and notes to the accounts and in each case prepared in accordance with IFRS from time to time;

 

Contractual Currency” has the meaning specified in Clause 16.1;

 

Conversion Price” has the meaning specified in Section 5.1(a) of the Conditions;

 

Conversion Rights” has the meaning specified in Section 5.1(a) of the Conditions;

 

Euroclear” means Euroclear Bank SA/NV;

 

Event of Default” means any of the events described in Section 8 of the Conditions;

 

Extraordinary Resolution” has the meaning set out in Schedule 4;

 

Further Bonds” means any further Bonds issued in accordance with the provisions of Clause 5 and the Conditions and constituted by a deed supplemental to this Trust Deed;

 

Global Bond Certificate” means the Original Global Bond Certificate and/or as the context may require any other global bond certificate evidencing Further Bonds or any of them except that in Schedule 3 Global Bond Certificate means the Original Global Bond Certificate;

 

a “holding company” of a company or a corporation means any company or corporation of which the first mentioned company or corporation is a subsidiary;

 

IFRS” means the international accounting standards within the meaning of the IAS Regulation 1606/2002 to the extent applicable to the relevant financial statements, as amended;

 

Individual Certificates” means the Original Individual Certificates and/or as the context may require any other individual certificates evidencing Further Bonds or any of them;

 

Investor Cash Settlement Rights” has the meaning specified in Section 5.1(a) of the Conditions;

 

Liability” and “Liabilities” mean any loss, damage, cost, charge, claim, demand, expense, judgment, action, proceeding or other liability whatsoever (including, without limitation, in respect of taxes, duties, levies, imposts and other charges) and including any value added tax or similar tax charged or chargeable in respect thereof and legal fees and expenses on a full indemnity basis;

 

Original Bonds” means the bonds in or substantially in the form set out in Schedule 2 comprising the €300,000,000 1.25 per cent. Senior Unsecured Convertible Bonds due 2026 constituted by this Trust Deed and for the time being outstanding or, as the context may require, a specific number of them and includes any replacement Bonds issued pursuant to the Conditions and (except for the purposes of Clauses 3.1 and 3.2) the Global Bond Certificate;

 

 

4



Original Bondholders” means, in relation to an Original Bond, the person in whose name the Original Bond is registered in the Bonds Register;

 

Original Individual Certificates” means those Original Bonds for the time being evidenced by definitive certificates in the form or substantially in the form set out in Schedule 2 and in accordance with Section 13.3 of the Conditions;

 

Original Global Bond Certificate” means the global bond certificate in registered form which will evidence the Original Bonds, substantially in the form set out in Schedule 3, and evidencing the registration of the person named therein in the Bonds Register;

 

outstanding” means, in relation to the Bonds, all the Bonds issued except (a) those which have been redeemed in accordance with the Conditions, (b) those in respect of which Conversion Rights have been exercised and all the obligations of the Issuer to issue or transfer and deliver Shares have been performed in relation thereto, (c) those in respect of which Investor Cash Settlement Rights have been exercised and all the obligations of the Issuer to pay the relevant Cash Alternative Amount have been satisfied, (d) those in respect of which the date for redemption has occurred and the redemption moneys (including all interest accrued on such Bonds to the date for such redemption and any interest payable under the Conditions after such date) have been duly paid to the relevant Bondholder or on its behalf or to the Trustee or to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent as provided in Clause 2 and remain available for payment against surrender of Bonds (if so required), as the case may be, (e) those which have become void or those in respect of which claims have become prescribed, (f) those mutilated or defaced Bonds which have been surrendered in exchange for replacement Bonds (if so required), (g) those which have been purchased and cancelled as provided in the Conditions and (h) the Global Bond Certificate to the extent that it shall have been exchanged for interests in another Global Bond Certificate and any certificate to the extent that it shall have been exchanged for Individual Certificates pursuant to its provisions;

 

Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement” means, in relation to the Original Bonds, the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement dated on or about the date hereof, as altered from time to time, between the Issuer, the Trustee, the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, and the Registrar whereby the initial Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent and the Registrar were appointed in relation to the Original Bonds and includes any other agreements approved in writing by the Trustee (such approval not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed) appointing Successor Agents amending or modifying any of such agreements;

 

Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent” means, in relation to the Original Bonds, ABN AMRO Bank N.V. at its specified office, in its capacity as Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent (in respect of the Original Bonds) and, in relation to any Further Bonds, the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent appointed in respect of such Further Bonds and, in each case, any Successor Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent;

 

Proceedings” has the meaning specified in Clause 19.2;

 

Registrar” means Bank of America Merrill Lynch International Designated Activity Company at its specified office, in its capacity as Registrar and any Successor Registrar;

 

 

5



Shares” has the meaning specified in Section 14 of the Conditions;

 

specified office” means, in relation to any Agent, either the office identified with its name in Section 15.7 of the Conditions or any other office approved by the Trustee and notified to the Bondholders pursuant to Clause 9.11;

 

Subsidiary” has the meaning specified in Section 14 of the Conditions;

 

Successor” means, in relation to the Agents, such other or further person as may from time to time be appointed by the Issuer as an Agent with the prior written approval of, and on terms approved in writing by, the Trustee (such approval not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed) and notice of whose appointment is given to Bondholders pursuant to Clause 9.11; and

 

this Trust Deed” means this Trust Deed, the Schedules (as from time to time amended, modified and/or supplemented in accordance with this Trust Deed) and any other document executed in accordance with this Trust Deed (as from time to time so altered) and expressed to be supplemental to this Trust Deed.

 


1.2 Construction of Certain References:

 

References to:

 


1.2.1 costs, charges, remuneration or expenses shall include any value added tax, turnover tax or similar tax charged in respect thereof;

 


1.2.2 euro” and “€” means the currency introduced at the start of the third stage of European economic and monetary union pursuant to the Treaty establishing the European Community, as amended;

 


1.2.3 any action, remedy or method of judicial proceedings for the enforcement of rights of creditors shall include, in respect of any jurisdiction other than the Netherlands, references to such action, remedy or method of judicial proceedings for the enforcement of rights of creditors available or appropriate in such jurisdiction as shall most nearly approximate thereto;

 


1.2.4 any provision of any statute shall be deemed also to refer to any statutory modification or re-enactment thereof or any statutory instrument, order or regulation made thereunder or under such modification or re-enactment;

 


1.2.5 such approval not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed” or like references shall mean, when used in this Trust Deed, the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement or the Conditions, in relation to the Trustee that, in determining whether to give consent or approval, the Trustee shall have due regard to the interests of Bondholders and any determination as to whether or not its consent or approval is unreasonably withheld or delayed shall be made on that basis; and

 


1.2.6 references in this Trust Deed to “reasonable” or “reasonably” and similar expressions relating to the Trustee and any exercise of power, opinion, determination or other similar matter shall be construed as meaning reasonable or reasonably (as the case may be) having due regard to, and taking into account the interests of, the Bondholders.

 


1.3 Conditions: Words and expressions defined in the Conditions and not defined in the main body of this Trust Deed shall when used in this Trust Deed (including the recitals) have the same meanings as are given to them in the Conditions.

 

 

6




1.4 Headings: Headings shall be ignored in construing this Trust Deed.

 


1.5 Schedules: The Schedules are part of this Trust Deed and shall have effect accordingly.

 


1.6 Modification etc. of Statutes: References to a statutory provision include that provision as from time to time modified or re-enacted whether before or after the date of this Trust Deed.

 


1.7 Certificates: Where a director of the Issuer is required pursuant to the provisions of this Trust Deed to sign a certificate, any such certificate shall be given for and on behalf of the Issuer and the relevant director shall have no personal liability therefor.

 


2 Amount of the Original Bonds and Covenant to pay

 


2.1 Amount of the Original Bonds: The aggregate principal amount of the Original Bonds is limited to €300,000,000.

 


2.2 Covenant to pay: Unless previously redeemed, converted, settled or purchased and cancelled as provided for in the Conditions, the Issuer will, on any date when any Original Bonds become due to be redeemed, in accordance with this Trust Deed or the Conditions, unconditionally pay (or procure to be paid) to or to the order of the Trustee in euro in same day funds the principal amount of the Original Bonds or such other amount as provided in the Conditions becoming due for redemption on that date and will (subject to the Conditions) until such payment (both before and after judgment) unconditionally so pay or procure to be paid to or to the order of the Trustee interest on the principal amount of the Original Bonds outstanding as set out in the Conditions provided that:

 


2.2.1 subject to the provisions of Clause 2.4, payment of any sum due in respect of the Original Bonds made to or to the account of the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent as provided in the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement shall, to that extent, satisfy such obligation except to the extent that there is failure in its subsequent payment to the relevant Original Bondholders under the Conditions; and

 


2.2.2 a payment made after the due date or pursuant to Section 8 of the Conditions will be deemed to have been made when the full amount due has been received by the Trustee or the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent and notice to that effect has been given to the Original Bondholders (if required under Clause 9.6), except to the extent that there is a failure in the subsequent payment to the relevant holders under the Conditions.

 


2.3 Discharge: Subject to Clause 2.4, any payment to be made in respect of the Bonds by the Issuer or the Trustee may be made as provided in the Conditions and any payment so made will (subject to Clause 2.4) to such extent be a good discharge to the Issuer or the Trustee, as the case may be.

 


2.4 Payment after a Default: At any time after an Event of Default has occurred, the Trustee may:

 


2.4.1 by notice in writing to the Issuer and the Agents, require the Agents (or any of them), until notified by the Trustee to the contrary, so far as permitted by any applicable law:

 


(i) to act as Agents of the Trustee under this Trust Deed and the Bonds on the terms of the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement (with consequential amendments as necessary and except that the Trustee’s liability for the indemnification, remuneration and expenses of the Agents will be limited to the amounts for the time being held by the Trustee in respect of the Bonds on the terms of this Trust Deed) and thereafter to hold all Bonds, Cash Alternative Amounts, cash and/or Shares received on conversion or redemption of the Bonds and all moneys, documents and records held by them in respect of Bonds to the order of the Trustee; or

 

 

7




(ii) to deliver all Bonds, Cash Alternative Amounts, cash and/or Shares received on conversion or redemption of the Bonds and all moneys, documents and records held by them in respect of the Bonds to the Trustee or as the Trustee directs in such notice, provided that such notice shall be deemed not to apply to any documents or records which the relevant Agent is obliged not to release by any law or regulation; and

 


2.4.2 by notice in writing to the Issuer, require the Issuer to make all subsequent payments in respect of the Bonds to, or to the order of, the Trustee and not to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent with effect from the issue of any such notice to the Issuer; and from then until such notice is withdrawn, proviso 2.2.1 to Clause 2.2 shall cease to have effect.

 


3 Form of the Original Bonds

 


3.1 The Original Global Bond Certificate: The Original Bonds will be evidenced by the Original Global Bond Certificate initially in the principal amount of €300,000,000 and the Issuer shall procure that appropriate entries be made in the Bonds Register by the Registrar to reflect the issue of such Original Bonds. The Original Global Bond Certificate will be delivered to and the Original Bonds registered in the name of a common depositary for Euroclear and Clearstream, Luxembourg. The Original Global Bond Certificate will be exchangeable for Original Individual Certificates in accordance with Section 13.3 of the Conditions.

 


3.2 The Original Individual Certificates: The Original Individual Certificates may be printed or typed and need not be security printed unless otherwise required by applicable stock exchange requirements. The Original Individual Certificates and Original Global Bond Certificate will be in or substantially in the respective forms set out in Schedules 2 and 3. Original Individual Certificates will be endorsed with the Conditions.

 


3.3 Signature: The Original Global Bond Certificate and any Original Individual Certificate (if issued) will be signed manually, in facsimile or electronically by an executive director of the Issuer and will be authenticated by or on behalf of the Registrar. The Issuer may use the manual, facsimile or electronic signature of any person who is at the date of this Trust Deed an executive director of the Issuer even if at the time of issue of any Original Bonds he no longer holds such office. Original Bonds (including the Original Global Bond Certificate) so executed and authenticated will be valid and binding obligations of the Issuer.

 


4 Stamp Duties and Taxes

 


4.1 Stamp Duties: The Issuer will pay any capital, stamp, issue, registration, transfer and other taxes and duties (excluding, for the avoidance of doubt, capital gains tax or similar taxes on gains or profits) payable (i) in the Netherlands, Belgium or Luxembourg on or in respect of the creation, issue and initial offering of the Bonds and the execution of this Trust Deed and (ii) in the Netherlands, or any jurisdiction in which the Issuer may be domiciled or resident or to whose taxing jurisdiction the Issuer may generally be subject or the jurisdiction where the Relevant Exchange is located, upon the issue or delivery of the Shares on conversion pursuant to the Conditions. The Issuer will also indemnify the Trustee and the Bondholders from and against all capital, stamp, issue, registration, transfer and other taxes (excluding, for the avoidance of doubt, capital gains tax or similar taxes on gains or profits) paid by any of them in any jurisdiction in relation to which the liability to pay arises directly as a result of any action taken by or on behalf of the Trustee or, as the case may be and where entitled under Section 10 of the Conditions to do so, the Bondholders to enforce the obligations of the Issuer under this Trust Deed or the Bonds.

 

 

8




4.2 Change of Taxing Jurisdiction: If the Issuer becomes subject generally to the taxing jurisdiction of any territory or any authority of or in that territory having power to tax other than or in addition to the Netherlands then the Issuer will (unless the Trustee otherwise agrees) give to the Trustee an undertaking satisfactory to the Trustee in terms corresponding to the terms of Section 6 of the Conditions with the substitution for, or (as the case may require) the addition to, the references in that Condition to the Netherlands of references to that other territory or authority or additional territory or authority to whose taxing jurisdiction the Issuer has become so subject (provided that such undertaking shall be subject to such exceptions as reflect exceptions under the law of the relevant taxing jurisdiction and as are similar in scope and effect to those exceptions set out in Section 6 of the Conditions) and in such event this Trust Deed and the Bonds will be read accordingly.

 


5 Further Issues

 


5.1 Liberty to Create: The Issuer may, from time to time without the consent of the Bondholders, create and issue Further Bonds having the same terms and conditions in all respects (or in all respects except for the amount and due date for the first payment of interest thereon and the first date on which Conversion Rights may be exercised) as (i) the Original Bonds or (ii) any previously issued Further Bonds so that the same shall be consolidated and form a single series with the Original Bonds or any Further Bonds, or (in any case) upon such terms as to interest, conversion, cash settlement, premium, redemption and otherwise as the Issuer may at the time of issue thereof determine.

 


5.2 Means of Constitution: Any Further Bonds created and issued pursuant to the provisions of Clause 5.1 so as to form a single series with the Original Bonds and/or the Further Bonds of any series shall be constituted by a deed supplemental to this Trust Deed and any other Further Bonds of any series created and issued pursuant to the provisions of Clause 5.1 may be so constituted. The Issuer shall, prior to the issue of any Further Bonds to be so constituted, execute and deliver to the Trustee a deed supplemental to this Trust Deed and containing a covenant by the Issuer in the form mutatis mutandis of Clause 2 of this Trust Deed in relation to such Further Bonds and such other provisions (corresponding to any of the provisions contained in this Trust Deed) as the Trustee shall require.

 


5.3 Notice of Further Issues: Whenever it is proposed to create and issue any Further Bonds, the Issuer shall give to the Trustee not less than 14 days’ notice in writing of its intention to do so, stating the principal amount of Further Bonds proposed to be created or issued. The Trustee shall keep this information confidential in accordance with Clause 12.2.13.

 

 

9




5.4 Separate Series: Any Further Bonds not forming a single series with the Original Bonds and/or previously issued Further Bonds of any series shall form a separate series and accordingly, unless for any purpose the Trustee in its absolute discretion shall otherwise determine, the provisions of Clauses 5 and 6.2 and Clauses 7 to 20 (inclusive) and Schedule 4 shall apply mutatis mutandis separately and independently to the Bonds of each such series and in such Clauses and Schedule the expressions “Bonds” and “Bondholders” shall be construed accordingly.

 


6 Application of Moneys received by the Trustee

 


6.1 Application: All moneys received by the Trustee in respect of the Original Bonds and any Further Bonds forming a single series with the Original Bonds or amounts payable under this Trust Deed will, regardless of any appropriation of all or part of them by the Issuer, be applied by the Trustee (subject to Clause 6.2):

 


6.1.1 first, in payment of all fees, costs, charges, expenses and liabilities properly incurred by the Trustee (including remuneration and any indemnity amounts payable to it) and/or any agent or delegate appointed by the Trustee in carrying out its or their functions under this Trust Deed;

 


6.1.2 secondly, in payment of any amounts owing in respect of the Original Bonds and any Further Bonds forming a single series with the Original Bonds pari passu and rateably; and

 


6.1.3 thirdly, in payment of the balance (if any) to the Issuer for itself.

 

If the Trustee holds any moneys in respect of Original Bonds and any Further Bonds forming a single series with the Original Bonds which have become void or in respect of which claims have become prescribed under the Conditions, the Trustee will hold them in accordance with this Clause 6.1.

 


6.2 Accumulation: If the amount of the moneys at any time available for payment in respect of the Bonds under Clause 6.1 is less than 10 per cent. of the principal amount of the Bonds then outstanding, the Trustee may, at its discretion, invest such moneys. The Trustee may retain such investments and accumulate the resulting income until the investments and the accumulations, together with any other funds for the time being under the control of the Trustee and available for such payment, amount to at least 10 per cent. of the principal amount of the Bonds then outstanding whereupon such investments, accumulations and funds (after deduction of, or provision for, any applicable taxes) will be applied as specified in Clause 6.1.

 


6.3 Investment: Moneys held by the Trustee may be invested in the name, or under the control, of the Trustee in any investments or other assets anywhere, for the time being authorised by Dutch law, whether or not they produce income, or placed on deposit in the name or under the control of the Trustee at such bank or other financial institution and in such currency as the Trustee may, in its absolute discretion, think fit, whether or not such deposit carries negative interest or no interest at all. If that bank or institution is the Trustee or a subsidiary, holding company or associated company of the Trustee, it need only account for an amount of interest equal to the standard amount of interest payable by it on such a deposit to an independent customer. The Trustee may at any time vary or transpose any such investments or assets for or into other such investments or assets or convert any moneys so deposited into any other currency, and will not be responsible to any person whatsoever for any loss occasioned thereby, whether by depreciation in value, fluctuation in exchange rates, negative interest or otherwise.

 

 

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7 Covenant to Comply

 

So long as any Bond remains outstanding, the Issuer hereby covenants with the Trustee that it will comply with and perform and observe all the provisions of this Trust Deed which are expressed to be binding on it. The Conditions shall be binding on the Issuer and the Bondholders. The Trustee shall be entitled to enforce the obligations of the Issuer under the Bonds and the Conditions as if the same were set out and contained in this Trust Deed which shall be read and construed as one document with the Bonds. The provisions contained in Schedule 1 shall have effect in the same manner as if herein set forth.

 


8 Covenants relating to Conversion Rights and Investor Cash Settlement Rights

 

So long as any Bond is outstanding, the Issuer hereby undertakes to and covenants with the Trustee that:

 


8.1 Conversion Rights: it will, save with the approval of an Extraordinary Resolution or with the approval of the Trustee where, in the Trustee’s opinion, it is not materially prejudicial to the interests of the Bondholders to give such approval, observe and perform all its obligations under the Conditions and this Trust Deed with respect to Conversion Rights, it being acknowledged that Conversion Rights shall be exercisable by a Bondholder only after the Share Settlement Condition has been satisfied.

 


8.2 Investor Cash Settlement Rights: it will, save with the approval of an Extraordinary Resolution or with the approval of the Trustee where, in the Trustee’s opinion, it is not materially prejudicial to the interests of the Bondholders to give such approval, observe and perform all its obligations under the Conditions and this Trust Deed with respect to Investor Cash Settlement Rights, it being acknowledged that Investor Cash Settlement Rights shall be exercisable by a Bondholder only during a Change of Control Period.

 


8.3 Notices: it will:

 


8.3.1 Share Settlement Condition: not later than 5 Business Days following the Long Stop Date (or, if the Share Settlement Condition is satisfied prior to the Long Stop Date, not later than 5 Business Days following satisfaction of the Share Settlement Condition) give notice to the Bondholders in accordance with Section 15.7 of the Conditions and to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, the Registrar and the Calculation Agent: (i) where the Share Settlement Condition has been satisfied, stating that with effect from and including the Physical Settlement Date specified in such notice, Conversion Rights shall be exercisable; or (ii) where the Share Settlement Condition has not been satisfied, stating that the Share Settlement Condition has not been satisfied and that it intends to redeem the Bonds by publishing a Shareholder Event Notice in accordance with Section 4.3 of the Conditions;

 


8.3.2 Adjustment to Conversion Price: as soon as practicable after the announcement of the terms of any event giving rise to an adjustment of the Conversion Price, give notice to the Bondholders in accordance with Section 15.7 of the Conditions advising them of the date on which the relevant adjustment of the Conversion Price is likely to become effective and of the effect of exercising their Conversion Rights pending such date; and

 

 

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8.3.3 Directors’ Certificate: upon the happening of an event as a result of which the Conversion Price will be adjusted, as soon as reasonably practicable deliver to the Trustee a certificate signed by an executive director of the Issuer (which the Trustee shall be entitled to accept and rely on without further enquiry or liability in respect thereof as sufficient evidence of the correctness of the matters referred to therein) setting forth brief particulars of the event, and the adjusted Conversion Price and the date on which such adjustment takes effect and in any case setting forth such other particulars and information as the Trustee may reasonably require.

 


9 Covenants

 

So long as any Bond is outstanding, the Issuer covenants with the Trustee that it will:

 


9.1 Books of Account: keep, and procure that each Subsidiary keeps, proper books of account.

 


9.2 Notice of Events of Default etc: notify the Trustee in writing immediately on becoming aware of the occurrence of any Event of Default or Change of Control.

 


9.3 Information: so far as permitted by applicable law, give or procure to be given to the Trustee such information as it reasonably requires to perform its functions.

 


9.4 Financial Statements, etc.: send to the Trustee:

 


9.4.1 as soon as the same become available, but in any event within the longer of 120 days of its most recent financial year-end and the legal period for making this document generally available, a copy of the Issuer’s audited annual Consolidated Financial Statements for such financial year, prepared and presented in accordance with IFRS, together with the report thereon by the Issuer’s independent auditors; and

 


9.4.2 as soon as the same become available, but in any event within the longer of 90 days of the end of the first half of each financial year and the legal period of making this document generally available, a copy of the Issuer’s interim Consolidated Financial Statements, prepared and presented in accordance with IFRS, as at, and for the period ending on, the end of such period,

 

each certified by an executive director of the Issuer as presenting a true and fair view of the consolidated financial position of the Issuer and its consolidated subsidiaries as at the relevant date, and the consolidated results of operations and changes in consolidated financial position of the Issuer and its consolidated subsidiaries for the relevant period then ended.

 


9.5 Certificate of executive directors: send to the Trustee within 14 days of the Issuer’s audited annual Consolidated Financial Statements being made publicly available, and also within 14 days of any request by the Trustee a certificate substantially in the form set out in Schedule 5 from the Issuer signed by any executive director that, having made all reasonable enquiries, to the best of the knowledge, information and belief of the Issuer as at a date (the “Certification Date”) not more than five days before the date of the certificate, no Change of Control, Event of Default or other breach of this Trust Deed had occurred since the Certification Date of the last such certificate or (if none) the date of this Trust Deed or, if such an event had occurred, giving details of it.

 

 

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9.6 Notices to Bondholders: send or procure to be sent to the Trustee not less than three days prior to the date of publication, for the Trustee’s review, a copy of each notice to be given to the Bondholders as a class in accordance with the Conditions and not publish such notice without consulting the Trustee, and upon publication, send to the Trustee a copy of such notice. The Trustee shall keep this information confidential in accordance with Clause 12.2.13.

 


9.7 Further Acts: so far as permitted by applicable law, do such further things as may be necessary in the reasonable opinion of the Trustee to give effect to this Trust Deed.

 


9.8 Notice of late payment: forthwith upon request by the Trustee give notice to the Bondholders of any unconditional payment to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent or the Trustee of any sum due in respect of the Bonds made after the due date for such payment.

 


9.9 Obligations of Agents and Registrar: observe and comply with its obligations and use all reasonable endeavours to procure that the Agents observe and comply with all their obligations under the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement and notify the Trustee immediately if it becomes aware of any material breach or failure by an Agent in relation to the Bonds.

 


9.10 Listing and Trading: use its reasonable endeavours to obtain the admission of the Original Bonds to trading on the Open Market (Freiverkehr) of the Frankfurt Stock Exchange or another EEA or United Kingdom stock exchange or trading platform no later than 30 May 2020. Thereafter, and in respect of any Further Bonds, the Issuer will use its reasonable endeavours to maintain such admission to trading for so long as any of the Bonds remain outstanding. If, however, the Issuer determines in good faith that it can no longer comply with the requirements for such listing, having used such endeavours, or if the maintenance of such listing or admission to trading is unduly onerous, the Issuer will instead use its reasonable endeavours to obtain and maintain a listing on such other stock exchange or admission to trading on such other securities market of the Bonds as the Issuer may (with the written approval of the Trustee, such approval not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed) decide, and shall upon obtaining a quotation or listing of the Bonds on such other stock exchange or exchanges or securities market or markets as aforesaid, comply with the requirements of any such stock exchange or securities market.

 


9.11 Change in Agents: give at least 14 days’ prior notice to the Bondholders of any future appointment, resignation or removal of an Agent or of any change by an Agent of its specified office and not make any such appointment or removal without the Trustee’s written approval (such approval not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed).

 


9.12 Early Redemption: give prior notice to the Trustee and the Bondholders of any proposed redemption pursuant to Sections 4.1 to 4.3 of the Conditions in accordance therewith.

 


9.13 Authorised but Unissued Capital: at all times, following the date on which the Physical Settlement Notice is given, keep available for issue free from pre-emptive rights a sufficient number of Shares to enable the exercise of Conversion Rights pursuant to the Conditions and all other rights of subscription and exchange for Shares, to be satisfied in full at the then current Conversion Price.

 

 

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9.14 Bonds Register: deliver or procure the delivery to the Trustee of an up-to-date copy of the Bonds Register in respect of the Bonds, certified as being a true, accurate and complete copy, as soon as practicable following the date hereof and in any event within three Business Days following the date hereof and at such other times as the Trustee may reasonably require.

 


10 Remuneration and Indemnification of the Trustee

 


10.1 Normal Remuneration: So long as any Bond is outstanding, the Issuer will pay to the Trustee by way of remuneration for its services as trustee such sum as may from time to time be agreed between them. Such remuneration will accrue from day to day from the date of this Trust Deed and shall be payable in advance, annually as may be agreed between the Issuer and the Trustee. However, if any payment to a Bondholder of the moneys due in respect of any Bond is improperly withheld or refused by the Trustee upon due surrender (if so required) of such Bond, such remuneration will not accrue as from the date of the withholding or refusal until payment to such Bondholder is duly made.

 


10.2 Extra Remuneration: If an Event of Default shall have occurred, the Issuer hereby agrees that the Trustee shall be entitled to be paid additional remuneration calculated at its normal hourly rates in force from time to time for any additional time spent on its duties that is reasonably attributable to that Event of Default. In any other case, if the Trustee finds it expedient or necessary or is requested by the Issuer to undertake duties which the Trustee and the Issuer agree to be of an exceptional nature or otherwise outside the scope of the Trustee’s normal duties under this Trust Deed and the Trustee’s scope of work agreed between the Issuer and the Trustee, the Issuer will pay such additional reasonable remuneration as they may agree (and which may be calculated by reference to the Trustee’s normal hourly rates in force from time to time) or, failing agreement as to any of the matters in this Clause (or as to such sums referred to in Clause 10.1), as determined by a financial institution or person (acting as an expert) selected by the Trustee and approved by the Issuer. The expenses involved in such nomination and such financial institution’s fee will be borne by the Issuer. The determination of such financial institution or person will, in the absence of manifest error, be conclusive and binding on the Issuer, the Trustee and the Bondholders.

 


10.3 Expenses: Subject to the separate fee arrangements made between the Issuer and the Trustee, the Issuer will on demand by the Trustee pay or discharge all reasonable and documented costs, charges, liabilities and expenses properly incurred by the Trustee in the preparation and execution of this Trust Deed and the performance of its functions under this Trust Deed including, but not limited to, legal and travelling expenses and any stamp, documentary or other taxes or duties paid by the Trustee in connection with any legal proceedings properly brought or reasonably contemplated by the Trustee against the Issuer to enforce any provision of this Trust Deed and the Bonds. Such costs, charges, liabilities and expenses will:

 


10.3.1 in the case of payments made by the Trustee before such demand carry interest from the date of the demand at a rate equal to the Trustee’s cost of funding for the relevant period of time, and

 


10.3.2 in other cases carry interest at such rate from 30 days after the date of the demand or (where the demand specifies that payment is to be made on an earlier date) from such earlier date.

 

 

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10.4 Indemnity: The Issuer will on demand by the Trustee indemnify it in respect of Amounts or Claims paid or properly incurred by it in acting as trustee under this Trust Deed (including (1) any Agent/Delegate Liabilities and (2) in respect of disputing or defending any Amounts or Claims made against the Trustee or any Agent/Delegate Liabilities). The Issuer will on demand by such agent or delegate indemnify it against such Agent/Delegate Liabilities. “Amounts or Claims” are losses, liabilities, claims, actions, and “Agent/Delegate Liabilities” are Amounts or Claims which the Trustee is or would be obliged to pay or reimburse to any of its agents or delegates appointed pursuant to this Trust Deed.

 


10.5 Provisions Continuing: The provisions of Clauses 10.3 and 10.4 will continue in full force and effect in relation to the Trustee even if it may have ceased to be Trustee and notwithstanding any termination or discharge of this Trust Deed.

 


11 Proceedings and Actions by the Trustee

 


11.1 Trustee not bound unless specific action taken:

 


11.1.1 The Trustee may at any time, at its discretion and without notice, take such proceedings, actions or steps (including lodging an appeal in any proceedings) against the Issuer as it may think fit to enforce the provisions of this Trust Deed and the Bonds, but it shall not be bound to take any such proceedings, actions or steps in relation to this Trust Deed or the Bonds unless (i) it shall have been so directed by an Extraordinary Resolution of the Bondholders or so requested in writing by the holders of at least one-quarter in principal amount of the Bonds then outstanding, and (ii) it shall have been indemnified and/or secured and/or prefunded to its satisfaction.

 


11.1.2 In urgent cases, such as imminent bankruptcy, moratorium or reorganisation of the Issuer, the Trustee will be entitled at its discretion to relinquish, reduce or alter the rights of Bondholders in whole or in part, and to take other measures which it considers to be in the interests of the Bondholders, if the Trustee considers, in its sole discretion, that such action can no longer be delayed. For the avoidance of doubt, any such action may be taken by the Trustee without having been previously directed or authorised by an Extraordinary Resolution of the Bondholders. The Trustee will forthwith notify the Bondholders of any such actions and steps at a meeting of Bondholders to be convened by the Trustee within one month after such action has been taken by the Trustee. The Trustee will in no event be liable in respect of the exercise, or failure to exercise, the power of the Trustee granted to it in this Clause 11.1.2 or the consequences thereof.

 


11.1.3 Notwithstanding Clauses 11.1.1 and 11.1.2 above, the Trustee may: (i) refrain from taking any proceedings, actions or steps in any jurisdiction if the taking of such action in that jurisdiction would, in its opinion based upon legal advice in the relevant jurisdiction, be contrary to any law of that jurisdiction; and (ii) refrain from taking any proceedings, actions or steps in any jurisdiction if in its opinion based upon legal advice in the relevant jurisdiction it would or may render it liable to any person in that jurisdiction or, it would or may not have the power to do the relevant thing in that jurisdiction by virtue of any applicable law in that jurisdiction or if it is determined by any court or other competent authority in that jurisdiction that it does not have such power.

 

 

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11.1.4 No Bondholder shall be entitled to (i) take any proceedings, actions or steps against the Issuer to enforce the performance of any of the provisions of this Trust Deed or the Bonds or (ii) take any other proceedings, actions or steps (including lodging an appeal in any proceedings) in respect of or concerning the Issuer, in each case unless the Trustee, having become bound so to take any such proceedings, actions or steps or fails so to do within a reasonable period and the failure shall be continuing.

 


11.2 Accounts: If at any time the Issuer’s obligations under the Bonds have become immediately due and payable, the Trustee may draw up duly specified accounts of all amounts due in relation to the Bonds outstanding according to the records made available by the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent and the Registrar under the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, together with accrued interest and any other amounts owed by the Issuer in respect of the Bonds, including the Trustee’s fee and indemnification for costs incurred by the Trustee. The Issuer will act in accordance with and fully accept the accounts drawn up by the Trustee, subject to evidence to the contrary.

 


11.3 Action by Trustee:

 


11.3.1 Only the Trustee may enforce the rights under the Bonds of the Bondholders against the Issuer. Save as provided in Section 10 of the Conditions, no person shall be entitled to proceed directly against the Issuer to enforce the performance of any provision of the Bonds.

 


11.3.2 If any Bonds become due and payable under Section 8 of the Conditions the only remedy of the Trustee against the Issuer consists of enforcing the rights granted to the Trustee pursuant to this Trust Deed and the Conditions.

 


12 Trustee’s Rights and Obligations

 


12.1 Reliance on Information

 


12.1.1 Advice: The Trustee may in relation to this Trust Deed act, without thereby incurring any Liability, on a report, confirmation or certificate or any advice of any lawyers, accountants, financial advisers, financial institution or other expert, whether or not addressed to it and whether or not their liability in relation thereto is limited (by its terms or by any engagement letter relating thereto entered into by the Trustee or in any other manner) by reference to a monetary cap, methodology or otherwise. The Trustee may accept and shall be entitled to rely on any such report, confirmation or certificate or advice and such report, confirmation or certificate or advice shall be binding on the Issuer, the Trustee and the Bondholders;

 


12.1.2 Certificate of an Executive Director: the Trustee may call for and shall be at liberty to accept a certificate signed by any executive director as to any fact or matter prima facie within the knowledge of the Issuer as sufficient evidence thereof and a like certificate to the effect that any particular dealing, transaction or step or thing is, in the opinion of the person so certifying, expedient as sufficient evidence that it is expedient and the Trustee shall not be bound in any such case to call for further evidence or be responsible for any Liability that may be occasioned by its failing so to do;

 

 

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12.1.3 Resolution of Bondholders: the Trustee shall not be responsible for acting upon any resolution purporting to have been passed at a meeting of Bondholders in respect whereof minutes have been made and signed, even though it may subsequently be found that there was some defect in the constitution of the meeting of Bondholders or the passing of the resolution or that for any reason the resolution purporting to have been passed at any meeting of Bondholders was not valid or binding upon the Bondholders;

 


12.1.4 Reliance on certification of clearing system: the Trustee may call for any certificate or other document issued by Euroclear or Clearstream, Luxembourg or any other relevant clearing system or a common depository therefor. Any such certificate or other document shall, in the absence of manifest error, be conclusive and binding for all purposes. Any such certificate or other document may comprise any form of statement or print out of electronic records provided by the relevant clearing system (including Euroclear’s EUCLID or Clearstream, Luxembourg’s CreationOnline system) in accordance with its usual procedures and in which the holder of a particular principal or nominal amount of the Bonds is clearly identified together with the amount of such holding. The Trustee shall not be liable to any person by reason of having accepted as valid or not having rejected any certificate or other document to such effect purporting to be issued by Euroclear, Clearstream, Luxembourg, or any other relevant clearing system and subsequently found to be forged or not authentic;

 


12.1.5 Entry on the Bonds Register: the Trustee shall not be liable to the Issuer or any Bondholder by reason of having accepted as valid or not having rejected any entry on the Bonds Register later found to be forged or not authentic and shall assume for all purposes in relation hereto that any entry on the Bonds Register is correct;

 


12.1.6 Forged Bonds: the Trustee shall not be liable to the Issuer or any Bondholder by reason of having accepted as valid or not having rejected any Bond or assignment deed or notification thereof as such and subsequently found to be forged or not authentic; and

 


12.1.7 Trustee not responsible for investigations: the Trustee shall not be responsible for, or for investigating any matter which is the subject of, any recital, statement, representation, warranty or covenant of any person contained in this Trust Deed, the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, the Bonds, or any other agreement or document relating to the transactions herein or therein contemplated or for the execution, legality, effectiveness, adequacy, genuineness, validity, enforceability or admissibility in evidence thereof and shall assume the accuracy and correctness thereof nor shall the Trustee, by execution of this Trust Deed, be deemed to make any representation as to the validity, sufficiency or enforceability of either the whole or any part of this Trust Deed.

 


12.2 Trustee’s powers and duties

 


12.2.1 Trustee’s determination: The Trustee may determine whether or not a default in the performance by the Issuer of any obligation under the provisions of or contained in this Trust Deed or the Bonds is capable of remedy and/or materially prejudicial to the interests of the Bondholders. If the Trustee shall certify that any such default is, in its opinion, not capable of remedy and/or materially prejudicial to the interests of the Bondholders, such certificate shall be conclusive and binding upon the Issuer and/or, as the case may be, the Bondholders;

 

 

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12.2.2 Determination of questions: the Trustee as between itself and the Bondholders shall have full power to determine all questions and doubts arising in relation to any of the provisions of this Trust Deed and the Bonds and every such determination, whether made upon a question actually raised or implied in the acts or proceedings of the Trustee, shall be conclusive and shall bind the Trustee and the Bondholders;

 


12.2.3 Trustee’s discretion: the Trustee shall (save as expressly otherwise provided herein) as regards all the powers, authorities and discretions vested in it by this Trust Deed or by operation of law have absolute and uncontrolled discretion as to the exercise or non-exercise thereof and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any Liability that may result from the exercise or non-exercise thereof but, whenever the Trustee is under the provisions of this Trust Deed bound to act at the request or direction of the Bondholders, the Trustee shall nevertheless not be so bound unless first indemnified and/or provided with security to its satisfaction against all actions, proceedings, claims and demands to which it may render itself liable and all Liabilities which it may incur by so doing;

 


12.2.4 Trustee’s consent: any consent given by the Trustee for the purposes of this Trust Deed and the Bonds may be given on such terms and subject to such conditions (if any) as the Trustee may require and (notwithstanding any provision to the contrary) may be given retrospectively;

 


12.2.5 Conversion of currency: where it is necessary or desirable for any purpose in connection with this Trust Deed to convert any sum from one currency to another it shall (unless otherwise provided by this Trust Deed or required by law) be converted at such rate(s) of exchange, in accordance with such method and as at such date for the determination of such rate(s) of exchange as may be specified by the Trustee in its absolute discretion as relevant and any rate of exchange, method and date so specified shall be binding on the Issuer and the Bondholders;

 


12.2.6 Application of proceeds: the Trustee shall not be responsible for the receipt or application by the Issuer of the proceeds of the issue of the Bonds;

 


12.2.7 Events of Default: the Trustee shall inform the Bondholders upon its receipt of a notice in writing from the Issuer of the occurrence of an Event of Default or a breach of the covenants given by the Issuer, however, the Trustee shall not be bound to take any steps to ascertain whether any Event of Default has happened and, until it shall have actual knowledge or express notice to the contrary, the Trustee shall be entitled to assume that no Event of Default has happened and that the Issuer is observing and performing all the obligations on its part contained in this Trust Deed, the Bonds or any other agreement or document relating to the transactions herein or therein contemplated and no event has happened as a consequence of which any of the Bonds may become repayable;

 


12.2.8 Initiate proceedings: the Trustee may settle or litigate any claims, debts or damages due by it or owing to it, it may take all action, initiate all proceedings and exercise all rights and powers as it may deem appropriate for the purposes of this Trust Deed;

 

 

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12.2.9 External advice: the Trustee may, in the conduct of its obligations pursuant to this Trust Deed and the Bonds, appoint and pay reasonable fees to an external adviser, whether or not a lawyer or other professional person, to advise or provide legal or expert assistance, or concur in advising or providing such assistance, on any business and such appointment shall be notified to the Issuer and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or omission on the part of any person appointed by it hereunder or be bound to supervise the proceedings or acts of, and shall not in any way or to any extent be responsible for any Liability incurred by reason of the misconduct, omission or default on the part of, any such person (except insofar as the same are incurred because of the wilful misconduct or gross negligence of the Trustee). The Trustee shall not appoint an external adviser who provides similar services to the Issuer;

 


12.2.10 Bondholders as a class: whenever in this Trust Deed or the Conditions the Trustee is required in connection with the exercise of its functions to have regard to the interests of the Bondholders, it shall have regard to the interests of the Bondholders as a class. The Trustee shall not have regard to any interests arising from circumstances particular to individual Bondholders (whatever their number) and, in particular but without limitation, shall not have regard to the consequences of the exercise of its powers, authorities or discretions for individual Bondholders resulting from their being for any purpose domiciled or resident in, or otherwise connected with, or subject to the jurisdiction of, any particular territory, and the Trustee shall not be entitled to require, nor shall any Bondholder be entitled to claim, from the Issuer or any other person any indemnification or payment in respect of any tax consequence of any such exercise upon individual Bondholders, except to the extent provided for in this Trust Deed or the Conditions;

 


12.2.11 Agents: the Trustee may, in conducting its rights and obligations under this Trust Deed instead of acting personally, employ and pay an agent on any terms, whether or not a lawyer or other professional person, to transact or conduct, or concur in transacting or conducting, any business and to do or concur in doing all acts required to be done by the Trustee (including the receipt and payment of money) and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any loss, liability, expense, demand, cost, claim or proceedings incurred by reason of the misconduct, omission or default on the part of any person appointed by it hereunder to the extent that the Trustee has selected the agent exercising due care and has exercised reasonable oversight over the agent’s actions;

 


12.2.12 Delegation: the Trustee may, in the execution and exercise of all or any of the powers, authorities and discretions vested in it by this Trust Deed, whenever it thinks fit, whether by power of attorney or otherwise, delegate to any person or persons reasonably deemed competent for the intended purpose all or any of the powers, authorities and discretions vested in it by this Trust Deed. Any such delegation may be made upon such terms and conditions and subject to such regulations (including power to sub-delegate with the consent of the Trustee) as the Trustee may think fit in the interests of the Bondholders and the Trustee shall not in any way or to any extent be responsible for any Liability incurred by reason of the misconduct, omission or default on the part of such delegate or sub-delegate to the extent that the Trustee has selected the delegate or sub-delegate exercising due care and has exercised reasonable oversight over its actions; and

 

 

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12.2.13 Confidentiality: the Trustee shall, and shall ensure that each of its agents as referred to in Clause 12.2.11 above and its delegates and sub-delegates as referred to in Clause 12.2.12 above will and are bound by the same obligation to, respect and protect the confidentiality of all information acquired as a result of or pursuant to this Trust Deed, including (but not limited to) any notices pursuant to Clause 5.3 or Clause 9.6 and the Issuer's intention to give any such notice, and will not, without the Issuer's prior written consent, disclose any such information to a third party, unless it is required to do so by any applicable law or regulation or is specifically authorised to do so hereunder or by any separate agreement, especially where the provision of such information is the object or part of the service to be provided by the Trustee. Where any such information may constitute price-sensitive information, the Trustee shall, and shall ensure that each of its delegates and sub-delegates will and are bound by the same obligation to keep that information strictly confidential until that information has been made publicly available other than as a result of a breach by the Trustee or any of its delegates or sub-delegates of this Clause.

 


12.3 Financial matters

 


12.3.1 Annual Reports: The Trustee shall make available for public inspection, at its Amsterdam office and at the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent’s specified office, copies of the Trustee’s balance sheet and its profit and loss account for its preceding financial year, and a written report of its activities during that financial year;

 


12.3.2 Expenditure by the Trustee: the Trustee may refrain from taking any action or exercising any right, power, authority or discretion vested in it under the Bonds, this Trust Deed or any other agreement relating to the transactions herein or therein contemplated or from taking any action to enforce the security until it has been indemnified and/or secured to its satisfaction against any and all Liabilities which might be brought, made or conferred against or suffered, incurred or sustained by it as a result (which may include payment on account). When determining whether an indemnity or any security or pre-funding is satisfactory to it, the Trustee shall be entitled (i) to evaluate its risk in any given circumstance by considering the worst-case scenario and (ii) to require that any indemnity or security or prefunding given to it by the Bondholders or any of them be given on a joint and several basis and be supported by evidence satisfactory to it as to the financial standing and creditworthiness of each counterparty and/or as to the value of the security and an opinion as to the capacity, power and authority of each counterparty and/or the validity and effectiveness of the security. Nothing contained in this Trust Deed or the Bonds shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of its duties or the exercise of any right, power, authority or discretion hereunder if it has grounds for believing the repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against, or security for, such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it; and

 


12.3.3 Deductions and withholdings: notwithstanding anything contained in this Trust Deed or the Bonds, to the extent required by applicable law, if the Trustee is required to make any deduction or withholding from any distribution or payment made by it under this Trust Deed or the Bonds (other than in connection with its remuneration as provided for herein) or if the Trustee is otherwise charged to, or may become liable to, tax as a consequence of performing its duties under this Trust Deed or the Bonds, then the Trustee shall be entitled to make such deduction or withholding or (as the case may be) to retain out of sums received by it an amount sufficient to discharge any liability to tax which relates to sums so received or distributed or to discharge any such other liability of the Trustee to tax from the funds held by the Trustee pursuant to this Trust Deed. For the avoidance of doubt, the Trustee shall have no obligation to gross up any payment hereunder or pay any additional amount as a result of such withholding tax.

 

 

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12.4 Trustee Liability: Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Trust Deed or the Conditions, the Trustee shall not be liable to any person for any matter or thing done or omitted in any way in connection with or in relation to this Trust Deed or the Conditions save in relation to its own wilful misconduct or gross negligence.

 


13 Modification, Waiver and Proof of Default

 


13.1 Modification and Waiver: The Trustee may agree, without the consent of the Bondholders, to (i) any modification of any of the provisions of this Trust Deed, any trust deed supplemental to this Trust Deed, the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, any agreement supplemental to the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, the Bonds or the Conditions which in the Trustee’s opinion is of a formal, minor or technical nature or is made to correct a manifest error or to comply with mandatory provisions of law, and (ii) any other modification to this Trust Deed, any trust deed supplemental to this Trust Deed, the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, any agreement supplemental to the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, the Bonds or the Conditions (except the matters set out in the proviso following paragraph 16.7 of Schedule 4), and any waiver or authorisation of any breach or proposed breach, of any of the provisions of this Trust Deed, any trust deed supplemental to this Trust Deed, the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, any agreement supplemental to the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, the Bonds or the Conditions which is, in the opinion of the Trustee, not materially prejudicial to the interests of the Bondholders. The Trustee may, without the consent of the Bondholders, determine that any Event of Default should not be treated as such, provided that in the opinion of the Trustee, the interests of Bondholders will not be materially prejudiced thereby. Any such modification, authorisation, waiver or determination shall be binding on the Bondholders and, if the Trustee so requires, shall be notified to the Bondholders promptly in accordance with the proviso to paragraph 16 of Schedule 4.

 


13.2 Proof of Default: If it is proved that as regards any specified Bond the Issuer has made default in paying any sum due to the relevant Bondholder, such proof will (unless the contrary be proved) be sufficient evidence that the same default has been made as regards all other Bonds which are then payable.

 


14 Trustee not precluded from entering into Contracts

 

The Trustee and any other person, whether or not acting for itself may acquire, hold or dispose of, any Bond or any Shares or other securities (or any interest therein) of the Issuer or any other person with the same rights as it would have had if the Trustee were not trustee and may enter into or be interested in any contracts or transactions with the Issuer or any such person and may act on, or as depositary or agent for, any committee or body of holders of any securities of any such person in each case with the same rights as it would have had if the Trustee were not acting as trustee and need not account for any profit.

 

 

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15 Appointment, Retirement and Removal of the Trustee:

 


15.1 Appointment: Subject as provided in Clause 15.2 below, the Issuer has the power of appointing a new trustee or trustees but no one may be so appointed unless previously approved by an Extraordinary Resolution. Any appointment of a new trustee will be notified by the Issuer to the Bondholders and the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent as soon as practicable.

 


15.2 Retirement and Removal: Any Trustee may retire at any time on giving not less than three months’ notice in writing to the Issuer without giving any reason and without being responsible for any costs (which costs shall be borne by the Issuer) occasioned by such retirement and the Bondholders may by Extraordinary Resolution remove any Trustee. If a Trustee gives notice of retirement or an Extraordinary Resolution is passed for its removal under this Clause 15.2, the Issuer will use all reasonable endeavours to procure that another person be appointed as trustee but if it fails to do so before the expiry of such three month notice period, the Trustee shall have the power to appoint a new trustee.

 


15.3 Appointment, Resignation and Removal of Directors:

 


15.3.1 Pursuant to the Trustee’s articles of association, the Trustee’s board (bestuur) shall consist of one or more Trustee directors (bestuurders) to be appointed by the Trustee’s board. Trustee directors may only be trust companies in the Netherlands having a licence under the Dutch Act on Supervision of Trust Companies (Wet toezicht trustkantoren) as well as natural persons and/or legal entities engaged by such trust companies. Trustee directors may be suspended and dismissed by the Trustee’s board. The Bondholders may also dismiss a Trustee director by Extraordinary Resolution, provided that neither the Trustee nor the Trustee director so dismissed shall be responsible for any costs or expenses arising from any such dismissal.

 


15.3.2 The Trustee’s board shall elect out of its midst a chairman, in case the Trustee’s board would consist of more than one Trustee director.

 


15.3.3 In case of one or more vacancies in the Trustee’s board, the remaining Trustee directors unanimously (or the sole remaining Trustee director) shall fill such vacancy or vacancies by the appointment of one or more successors within three months after the creation of the vacancy or vacancies.

 


15.3.4 In case of any vacancies then the remaining Trustee directors or the sole remaining Trustee director shall nevertheless constitute a lawful Trustee’s board.

 


15.3.5 In case of any disagreement among the remaining Trustee directors about the appointment and also in case at any time all Trustee directors would be absent and finally in case the remaining Trustee directors should fail to fill the vacancy or vacancies within the period mentioned in Clause 15.3.3, those vacancies shall be filled by the Bondholders by Extraordinary Resolution.

 


15.3.6 Membership of the Trustee’s board shall terminate by:

 


(i) death or dissolution of the Trustee director;

 


(ii) loss of free disposal of the assets of the Trustee director;

 

 

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(iii) voluntary resignation (vrijwillig aftreden), provided that in case the resigning Trustee director was the sole Trustee director (for the avoidance of doubt, unless dismissal is automatic per the Trustee’s articles of association), the Issuer and the Trustee will use reasonable endeavours to ensure that such resignation will not become effective until a successor Trustee director has been appointed;

 


(iv) dismissal by virtue of Section 2:298 of the Dutch Civil Code;

 


(v) a dismissal resolution taken by the other Trustee directors and passed unanimously;

 


(vi) cancellation of the licence of the Trustee director under the Dutch Act on Financial Supervision of Trust Companies;

 


(vii) bankruptcy or suspension of payments of the Trustee director;

 


(viii) a dismissal Extraordinary Resolution, provided that neither the Trustee nor the Trustee director so removed shall be responsible for any costs or expenses arising from any such removal; or

 


(ix) in case a Trustee director previously engaged by a trust company as defined in Clause 15.3.1 is no longer engaged by such trust company.

 


15.4 Merger: A corporation or other legal entity into which the Trustee may be merged or converted, or any corporation or other legal entity with which the Trustee may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, shall, on the date when the merger, conversion or consolidation becomes effective and to the extent permitted by any applicable laws and subject to any requirements set out in this Trust Deed become the successor trustee under this Trust Deed without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of the parties to this Trust Deed, unless otherwise required by the Issuer, and after the said effective date, all references in this Trust Deed to the Trustee shall be deemed to be references to such successor corporation or legal entity. Written notice of any such merger, conversion or consolidation shall immediately be given to the Issuer by the Trustee.

 


16 Currency Indemnity

 


16.1 Currency of Account and Payment: Euro (the “Contractual Currency”) is the sole currency of account and payment for all sums payable by the Issuer under or in connection with this Trust Deed and the Bonds, including damages.

 


16.2 Extent of Discharge: An amount received or recovered in a currency other than the Contractual Currency (whether as a result of, or of the enforcement of, a judgment or order of a court of any jurisdiction, in the insolvency, winding-up or dissolution of the Issuer or otherwise) by the Trustee or any Bondholder in respect of any sum expressed to be due to it from the Issuer will only discharge the Issuer to the extent of the Contractual Currency amount which the recipient is able to purchase with the amount so received or recovered in that other currency on the date of that receipt or recovery (or, if it is not practicable to make that purchase on that date, on the first date on which it is practicable to do so).

 


16.3 Indemnity: If that Contractual Currency amount is less than the Contractual Currency amount expressed to be due to the recipient under this Trust Deed or the Bonds, the Issuer will indemnify it against any loss sustained by it as a result. In any event, the Issuer will indemnify the recipient against the cost of making any such purchase.

 

 

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16.4 Indemnity separate: The indemnities in this Clause 16 and in Clause 10.4 constitute separate and independent obligations from the other obligations in this Trust Deed, will give rise to a separate and independent cause of action.

 


17 Communications

 

Any communication shall be by letter, facsimile transmission or electronic communication:

 

in the case of the Issuer, to it at:

 


Address: Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V.

 



Oosterdoksstraat 80, 1011 DK Amsterdam, the Netherlands

 


Email: brent.wissink@takeaway.com / jitse.groen@takeaway.com

Attention: Brent Wissink / Jitse Groen

 

and in the case of the Trustee, to it at:

 


Address: Stichting Trustee Just Eat Takeaway.com


Hoogoorddreef 15, 1101 BA, Amsterdam

 


Fax no.: +31 20 5222 500

Email: NLSupervisory@iqeq.com

Attention: The Directors

 

or to such other address, facsimile number, email address or attention details of which shall have been notified in writing (in accordance with this Clause 17) to the other parties hereto.

 

Communications will take effect, in the case of a letter, when delivered, in the case of a fax, when the relevant delivery receipt is received by the sender, or in the case of an electronic communication when the relevant receipt of such communication being read is given, or where no read receipt is requested by the sender, at the time of sending, provided that no delivery failure notification is received by the sender within 24 hours of sending such communication; provided that any communication which is received (or deemed to take effect in accordance with the foregoing) outside business hours or on a non-business day in the place of receipt shall be deemed to take effect at the opening of business on the next following business day in such place. Any communication delivered to any party under this Trust Deed which is to be sent by fax or electronic communication will be written legal evidence.

 


18 No rescission

 

Each party to this Trust Deed waives its rights under Sections 6:228 (Dwaling), 6:265 (Ontbinding) and, to the extent legally permissible, 6:230 (Wijziging op verzoek) of the Dutch Civil Code to rescind, annul or to dissolve this Trust Deed in whole or in part.

 

 

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19 Governing Law and Jurisdiction

 


19.1 Governing Law: This Trust Deed and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with it, including, for the avoidance of doubt, Clause 19.2, shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the law of The Netherlands.

 


19.2 Jurisdiction: The courts of Amsterdam, the Netherlands, subject to the authority of the Trustee, if it considers this expedient, to agree to prorogation (prorogatie), shall have exclusive jurisdiction to settle any disputes which may arise out of or in connection with this Trust Deed or the Bonds (and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with them) and accordingly any legal action or proceedings arising out of or in connection with this Trust Deed or the Bonds (“Proceedings”) may be brought in such courts. The Issuer irrevocably submits to the jurisdiction of such courts and waives any objections to Proceedings in such courts on the ground of venue or on the ground that the Proceedings have been brought in an inconvenient forum. This submission is for the benefit of each of the Trustee and the Bondholders.

 


20 Counterparts

 

This Trust Deed and any trust deed supplemental hereto may be executed in any number of counterparts, and by each party on separate counterparts. Each counterpart is an original, but all counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument. Delivery of a counterpart of this Trust Deed or any trust deed supplemental hereto by email attachment or telecopy shall be an effective mode of delivery.

 

 

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SCHEDULE 1 

Terms and Conditions of the Bonds

 

1 General

 

1.1 Description

 

Each Bond evidenced by this certificate is one of a duly authorised issue of debt securities of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., a limited liability company (naamloze vennootschap) incorporated under the laws of The Netherlands (the “Issuer”), designated as its €300,000,000 1.25 per cent. convertible bonds due 2026 (the “Bonds”, which expression shall include any Further Bonds issued pursuant to Section 15.6). The Bonds will mature on 30 April 2026 (the “Maturity Date”). The Bonds are issued in denominations of €100,000 each. The Bonds are constituted by a Trust Deed (the “Trust Deed”) dated 30 April 2020 between the Issuer and Stichting Trustee Just Eat Takeaway.com (the “Trustee” which expression shall include all persons for the time being the trustee or trustees under the Trust Deed) as trustee for the holders of the Bonds. The Issuer has also entered into a paying, transfer and conversion agency agreement (the “Agency Agreement”) dated 30 April 2020 with ABN AMRO Bank N.V., as principal paying, transfer and conversion agent (the “Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent”) and Bank of America Merrill Lynch International Designated Activity Company as registrar in respect of the Bonds (the “Registrar”) and the other paying and conversion agents named therein (the “Conversion Agents” and, together with the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent and the Registrar, collectively, the “Agents”, which term shall include successors and assigns of any such Agent as the context requires). The holders of the Bonds are entitled to the benefit of, are bound by, and are deemed to have notice of, all the provisions of the Trust Deed and are deemed to have notice of those applicable to them of the Agency Agreement. The Issuer has also entered into a calculation agency agreement dated 30 April 2020 (the “Calculation Agency Agreement”) with Conv-Ex Advisors Limited (the “Calculation Agent”, which expression shall include any successor as calculation agent under the Calculation Agency Agreement) whereby the Calculation Agent has been appointed to make certain calculations in relation to the Bonds. Copies of the Trust Deed, Agency Agreement and Calculation Agency Agreement are available for inspection by holders of the Bonds during usual office hours at the office of the Trustee at Hoogoorddreef 15, 1101 BA, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and at the specified offices of the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent and the Registrar.

 

1.2 Definitions

 

Capitalised terms used herein are defined in Section 14. Capitalised terms used but not defined in these terms and conditions (these “Conditions”) shall have the meanings attributed to them in the Trust Deed unless the context requires otherwise or unless otherwise stated.

 

2 Status of the Bonds and Negative Pledge

 

2.1 Status

 

The Bonds constitute direct, unconditional, unsubordinated and (subject to Section 2.2) unsecured obligations of the Issuer and shall at all times rank pari passu and without preference among themselves and at least equally with all other unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of the Issuer, present and future (subject to any obligations preferred by mandatory provisions of law).

 

2.2 Negative Pledge

 

So long as any Bond remains outstanding (as defined in the Trust Deed), the Issuer will not, and will ensure that none of its Material Subsidiaries will, create or permit to subsist any mortgage, charge, lien, pledge or other security interest, upon the whole or any part of its present or future undertaking, assets or revenues (including any uncalled capital) to secure any Capital Markets Indebtedness or to secure any guarantee or indemnity in respect of any Capital Markets Indebtedness, without at the same time or prior thereto providing the Bonds with the same security as is created or subsisting to secure any such Capital Markets Indebtedness, guarantee or indemnity or such other security as either (i) the Trustee shall in its absolute discretion deem not materially less beneficial to the interest of the Bondholders or (ii) shall be approved by an Extraordinary Resolution of the Bondholders.

 

 

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In this Section 2.2, “Capital Markets Indebtedness” means any present or future indebtedness (whether being principal, interest or other amounts) which is in the form of, or represented or evidenced by, bonds, notes, debentures, loan stock or other securities, whether issued for cash or in whole or in part for a consideration other than cash, which for the time being are, or are intended to be or capable of being, quoted, listed or dealt in or traded on any stock exchange or over-the-counter or other securities market.

 

3 Payments

 

3.1 Principal

 

Unless previously redeemed, converted, settled or purchased and cancelled as provided herein, the principal amount of each Bond will be payable on the Maturity Date. The amount due on the Maturity Date shall be 100 per cent. of its principal amount (the “Redemption Price”).

 

3.2 Interest

 

(a) Generally

 

The Bonds bear interest from and including the Closing Date at a rate of 1.25 per cent. per annum, payable semi-annually in arrear in equal instalments on 30 April and 30 October in each year and on the Maturity Date (each an “Interest Payment Date”), commencing on 30 October 2020. The interest payable on each Interest Payment Date will be the interest accrued (a) in respect of the interest period commencing on the Closing Date, from and including the Closing Date to but excluding such Interest Payment Date; and (b) in respect of each subsequent interest period, from and including the most recent prior Interest Payment Date to which interest on the Bonds has been fully paid or duly provided for, to but excluding such Interest Payment Date (each, an “Interest Period”). The amount of interest payable in respect of a Bond for any period (a “Short Period”) which is shorter than an Interest Period shall be calculated on the basis of the number of days in such Short Period from (and including) the first day of such Short Period to (but excluding) the last day of such Short Period divided by the product of (x) the number of days from (and including) the first day of such Short Period to (but excluding) the Interest Payment Date falling after the first day of such Short Period and (y) the number of Interest Periods normally ending in any year.

 

(b) Accrued Interest

 

In respect of any Bonds for which a Conversion Notice has been given, interest shall cease to accrue with effect from the Interest Payment Date immediately preceding the relevant Conversion Date (or, if none, the Closing Date) and, subject as provided below, no interest shall be paid on such Bonds in respect of any period commencing on or after such Interest Payment Date (or, as the case may be, the Closing Date) to which interest on the Bonds has been fully paid or duly provided for.

 

In respect of Bonds for which the Issuer has given a Redemption Notice and subsequently Conversion Rights have been exercised, interest shall accrue at the rate provided in Section 3.2(a) above to but excluding the Conversion Date if the Redemption Notice is given on or after the 15th Business Day prior to a Dividend Determination Date in respect of any Cash or Stock Dividend on the Shares, and the redemption date specified in such notice falls on or prior to 14 Business Days after the first Interest Payment Date following such Dividend Determination Date. The Issuer shall pay any such interest by not later than 14 days after the relevant Conversion Date by transfer to a euro account with a bank in a city in which banks have access to the TARGET System in accordance with instructions given by the relevant Bondholder in the relevant Conversion Notice. However, no such interest shall be paid if the relevant Cash or Stock Dividend on the Shares has resulted in an adjustment to the Conversion Price and which is applicable to the relevant exercise of Conversion Rights. 

 

 

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Where a Bond is redeemed pursuant to Section 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 or 4.4, interest on such Bond will accrue up to, but excluding, the due date for redemption thereof unless payment of principal is improperly withheld or refused, in which event interest will continue to accrue at the rate specified in Section 3.2(a) (both before and after judgment) up to, but excluding, the Relevant Date.

 

(c) Repayment of Certain Amounts

 

If any Bondholder shall have received any interest payment to which it was not entitled by virtue of Section 3.2(d) below, such Bondholder shall promptly repay the amount of such interest payment to the Issuer by wire transfer in immediately available funds or in such other manner notified by the Issuer to such Bondholder.

 

(d) Record Date

 

The interest payable on any Interest Payment Date will be paid to the Person in whose name the Bonds are registered at 5:00 p.m. (local time in the place of payment) on the Record Date. In these Conditions, “Record Date” means the date falling five Business Days before the due date for any payment.

 

3.3 Due Date not a Business Day

 

Notwithstanding any other provision of the Bonds or the Agency Agreement, if the date on which any principal, interest or other payment obligation is due falls on a day that is not a Business Day, the Issuer shall have until (and including) the next succeeding Business Day to satisfy its payment obligation, and any such payment shall be given the same force and effect as if made on the date on which such principal, interest or other payment obligation was due. Bondholders shall not be entitled to any further interest or other payments for such delay.

 

3.4 Overdue Payment Obligations

 

Any overdue principal of or interest on the Bonds, or any other overdue amount on any payment obligation hereunder, will bear interest payable on demand at a rate per annum equal to EURIBOR but not less than zero, from and including the date of default to but excluding the date when paid.

 

3.5 Payment Procedures

 

The Issuer will, unless otherwise specified in these Conditions, discharge its payment obligations hereunder by paying to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent under the Agency Agreement, and causing the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent to tender to each Bondholder, on or before the due date thereof for value as of such due date an amount of euros in immediately available funds that is sufficient to satisfy such payment obligation. All amounts payable to any Bondholder hereunder, or to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent under the Agency Agreement will, unless otherwise specified in these Conditions, be paid to such account as appears on the Bonds Register at 5:00 p.m. (local time in the place of payment) on the Record Date or as the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent shall notify to the Issuer, as the case may be, in accordance with the terms of the Agency Agreement. Bonds in individual certificated form shall be presented and surrendered for payment on maturity at the office of the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent or such other establishment as notified to the Bondholders from time to time in accordance with Section 15.7.

 

 

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4 Redemption

 

4.1 Redemption at the Option of the Issuer

 

On giving not less than 30 nor more than 60 days’ notice (an “Optional Redemption Notice”) to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, the Trustee and to the Bondholders in accordance with Section 15.7, the Issuer may elect to redeem all but not some only of the Bonds on the date (the “Optional Redemption Date”) specified in the Optional Redemption Notice at the Redemption Price, together with accrued but unpaid interest up to (but excluding) the Optional Redemption Date:

 

(a) at any time on or after the First Call Date and up to but excluding the Second Call Date, if the Parity Value on each of at least 20 Trading Days in any period of 30 consecutive Trading Days ending not more than seven Trading Days prior to the giving of the relevant Optional Redemption Notice, shall have equalled or exceeded €150,000, as verified by the Calculation Agent;

 

(b) at any time on or after the Second Call Date, if the Parity Value on each of at least 20 Trading Days in any period of 30 consecutive Trading Days ending not more than seven Trading Days prior to the giving of the relevant Optional Redemption Notice, shall have equalled or exceeded €130,000, as verified by the Calculation Agent or

 

(c) at any time on or after the Physical Settlement Date if, prior to the date the relevant Optional Redemption Notice is given, Conversion Rights and/or Investor Cash Settlement Rights shall have been exercised and/or purchases (and corresponding cancellations) and/or redemptions effected in respect of 85 per cent. or more in principal amount of the Bonds originally issued (which shall for this purpose include any Further Bonds).

 

First Call Date” means 15 May 2023.

 

Second Call Date” means 15 May 2024.

 

4.2 Redemption for Taxation Reasons

 

At any time the Issuer may, having given not less than 30 nor more than 60 days’ notice (a “Tax Redemption Notice”) to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, the Trustee and the Bondholders in accordance with Section 15.7, redeem (subject to the second following paragraph) all but not some only of the Bonds outstanding on the date (the “Tax Redemption Date”) specified in the Tax Redemption Notice at the Redemption Price plus accrued interest to but excluding the Tax Redemption Date, if (a) the Issuer satisfies the Trustee immediately prior to the giving of such notice that the Issuer has or will become obliged to pay additional amounts in respect of payments of interest on the Bonds pursuant to Section 6 as a result of any change in, or amendment to, the laws or regulations of any Taxing Jurisdiction or any political subdivision or any authority thereof or therein having power to tax, or any change in the general application or official interpretation of such laws or regulations, which change or amendment becomes effective on or after 23 April 2020, and (b) such obligation cannot be avoided by the Issuer taking reasonable measures available to it, provided that no such notice of redemption shall be given earlier than 90 days prior to the earliest date on which the Issuer would be obliged to pay such additional amounts were a payment in respect of the Bonds then due. Prior to the publication of any notice of redemption pursuant to this paragraph, the Issuer shall deliver to the Trustee (1) a certificate signed by a member of the board of management (lid van de raad van bestuur) of the Issuer stating that the Issuer is entitled to effect such redemption and setting forth a statement of facts showing that the conditions precedent to the right of the Issuer so to redeem have occurred, and (2) an opinion of independent legal or tax advisers of recognised standing to the effect that such change or amendment has occurred and that the Issuer has or will become obliged to pay such additional amounts as a result thereof (irrespective of whether such amendment or change is then effective).

 

 

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On the Tax Redemption Date the Issuer shall (subject to the next following paragraph) redeem the Bonds at the Redemption Price, together with accrued interest to such date.

 

If the Issuer gives a Tax Redemption Notice, each Bondholder will have the right to elect that its Bonds shall not be redeemed and that the provisions of Section 6 shall not apply in respect of any payment of interest to be made on such Bonds which falls due after the relevant Tax Redemption Date, whereupon no additional amounts shall be payable in respect thereof pursuant to Section 6 and payment of all amounts of such interest on such Bonds shall be made subject to the deduction or withholding of any taxation in the relevant Taxing Jurisdiction required to be withheld or deducted. To exercise such right, the holder of the relevant Bond must complete, sign and deposit at the specified office of the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent or any Conversion Agent, a duly completed and signed notice of election, in the form for the time being current, obtainable from the specified office of the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent or any Conversion Agent together with the relevant Bonds on or before the day falling 10 days prior to the Tax Redemption Date.

 

4.3 Redemption due to non-satisfaction of Share Settlement Condition

 

The Issuer (A) may, at any time after a Shareholders’ Meeting has been held (at which Shareholder Resolutions have been presented) but the Shareholder Resolutions have not been passed, and (B) shall, if the Shareholder Resolutions have not been passed on or before the Long Stop Date, having given (not later than the date falling 10 Business Days following the Long Stop Date (the “Shareholder Event Notice Deadline”)) notice (a “Shareholder Event Notice”) to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, the Trustee and the Bondholders in accordance with Section 15.7, redeem all but not some only of the Bonds outstanding on the date (the “Fair Bond Value Redemption Date”) falling three Business Days after the end of the Fair Bond Value Calculation Period at an amount per Bond equal to the Fair Bond Value Redemption Price.

 

4.4 Redemption at the Option of Bondholders upon a Change of Control

 

Following the occurrence of a Change of Control, the holder of each Bond will have the right to require the Issuer to redeem that Bond on the Change of Control Put Date at its Redemption Price, plus accrued interest to but excluding the Change of Control Put Date. To exercise such right, the holder of the relevant Bond must deliver such Bond if in individual certificated form to the specified office of the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent or any Conversion Agent, together with a duly completed and signed notice of exercise in the form for the time being current obtainable from the specified office of the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent or any Conversion Agent (a “Change of Control Put Exercise Notice”), at any time during the Change of Control Period. The “Change of Control Put Date” shall be the fourteenth calendar day after the expiry of the Change of Control Period.

 

Payment in respect of any such Bond shall be made by transfer to a euro account with a bank in a city in which banks have access to the TARGET System as specified by the relevant Bondholder in the relevant Change of Control Put Exercise Notice.

 

A Change of Control Put Exercise Notice, once delivered, shall be irrevocable and the Issuer shall redeem all Bonds the subject of Change of Control Put Exercise Notices delivered as aforesaid on the Change of Control Put Date.

 

 

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Within 14 calendar days following the occurrence of a Change of Control, the Issuer shall give notice thereof to the Bondholders in accordance with Section 15.7 (a “Change of Control Notice”). The Change of Control Notice shall contain a statement informing Bondholders of their entitlement to exercise their Investor Cash Settlement Rights or Conversion Rights, as the case may be, as provided in these Conditions and their entitlement to exercise their rights to require redemption of their Bonds pursuant to this Section 4.4.

 

The Change of Control Notice shall also specify:

 

(a) all information material to Bondholders concerning the Change of Control;

 

(b) the Conversion Price immediately prior to the occurrence of the Change of Control and the Change of Control Conversion Price applicable pursuant to Section 5.4(c) during the Change of Control Period on the basis of the Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to the occurrence of the Change of Control;

 

(c) the Closing Price of the Shares as at the latest practicable date prior to the publication of the Change of Control Notice;

 

(d) the Change of Control Period;

 

(e) the Change of Control Put Date; and

 

(f) such other information relating to the Change of Control as the Trustee may reasonably require.

 

The Trustee shall not be required to monitor or take any steps to ascertain whether a Change of Control or any event which could lead to a Change of Control has occurred or may occur and will not be responsible or liable to Bondholders or any other person for any loss arising from any failure by it to do so.

 

4.5 Redemption Notices

 

The Issuer shall not give an Optional Redemption Notice or Tax Redemption Notice at any time during a Change of Control Period or an Offer Period or which specifies a date for redemption falling in a Change of Control Period or an Offer Period or the period of 21 days following the end of a Change of Control Period or Offer Period (whether or not the relevant notice was given prior to or during such Change of Control Period or Offer Period), and any such notice shall be invalid and of no effect (whether or not given prior to the relevant Change of Control Period or Offer Period) and the relevant redemption shall not be made.

 

Any Redemption Notice shall be irrevocable. Any such notice shall specify (i) the Optional Redemption Date, the Tax Redemption Date or, as the case may be, the expected Fair Bond Value Redemption Date which shall be a Business Day, (ii) the Conversion Price, the aggregate principal amount of the Bonds outstanding and the Closing Price of the Shares, in each case as at the latest practicable date prior to the publication of the Redemption Notice and (iii) the last day on which Investor Cash Settlement Rights or Conversion Rights, as applicable, may be exercised by Bondholders.

 

Offer Period” means any period commencing on the date of first public announcement of an offer or tender (howsoever described) by any person or persons in respect of all or a majority of the issued and outstanding Shares and ending on the date that offer or tender ceases to be open for acceptance or, if earlier, on which that offer or tender lapses or terminates or is withdrawn.

 

 

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5 Conversion Rights and Investor Cash Settlement Rights

 

5.1 Conversion Rights, Investor Cash Settlement Rights and Conversion Price

 

(a) Conversion Rights and Investor Cash Settlement Rights

 

Subject as provided in these Conditions, each Bond shall entitle the Bondholder to require the Issuer to:

 

(i) if the Issuer shall have given a Physical Settlement Notice and provided that the relevant Conversion Date falls during the Conversion Period, convert each Bond into the relevant number of Shares as provided in Section 5.3 (“Conversion Rights”), as determined by the Calculation Agent by reference to the conversion price (the “Conversion Price”) in effect on the relevant Conversion Date; and

 

(ii) upon the occurrence of a Change of Control (if any) where the relevant Conversion Date falls within the Change of Control Period and prior to the Physical Settlement Date, settle such Bond at the relevant Cash Alternative Amount (the “Investor Cash Settlement Right”).

 

Subject to and as provided in these Conditions and following the Physical Settlement Date (if any), Conversion Rights may only be exercised from the later of (i) such Physical Settlement Date (inclusive) and (ii) 10 June 2020 (inclusive) in each case, until (and including) the earlier of (a) the seventh Business Day preceding the Maturity Date or (b) if the Bonds have been called for redemption prior to the Maturity Date, the seventh Business Day preceding the relevant redemption date.

 

The period during which Conversion Rights may (subject as provided herein) be exercised by a Bondholder is referred to as the “Conversion Period”. Investor Cash Settlement Rights may not be exercised at any time if the relevant Conversion Date would fall during the Conversion Period.

 

The Issuer shall, not later than 5 Business Days following the Long Stop Date (or, if the Share Settlement Condition is satisfied prior to the Long Stop Date, not later than 5 Business Days following satisfaction of the Share Settlement Condition) give notice to the Bondholders in accordance with Section 15.7 and to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, the Registrar and the Calculation Agent:

 

(1) where the Share Settlement Condition has been satisfied, stating that with effect from and including the Physical Settlement Date specified in such notice, Conversion Rights shall be exercisable (such notice, the “Physical Settlement Notice”); or

 

(2) where the Share Settlement Condition has not been satisfied, stating that the Share Settlement Condition has not been satisfied and that it intends to redeem the Bonds by publishing a Shareholder Event Notice in accordance with Section 4.3(i).

  

(b) Conversion Price

 

The initial Conversion Price is €121.80 per Share. The Conversion Price is subject to adjustment in the circumstances described in Section 5.4.

 

 

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5.2 Procedures for Exercising Investor Cash Settlement Rights and Conversion Rights

 

(a) Delivery of Conversion Notice on exercise of Investor Cash Settlement Rights and Conversion Rights

 

Subject to the terms and conditions of this Section 5.2, each Bondholder may exercise its Investor Cash Settlement Rights or Conversion Rights by giving at its own expense to the Conversion Agent a conversion notice (and, if required under Section 5.2(c) below, the relevant Bond certificate) substantially in the form set forth in the Agency Agreement (a “Conversion Notice”). The Business Day following the day on which such Conversion Notice shall have been received (or, if such day is not a Business Day, the following Business Day) by the Conversion Agent shall be the “Conversion Date” and shall be deemed to be the date on which Investor Cash Settlement Rights or, as the case may be, Conversion Rights, have been exercised. Copies of the Conversion Notice can be obtained during normal business hours at the registered office of the Conversion Agent. Shares to be delivered following an exercise of Conversion Rights will be delivered as provided in Section 5.3(c). Once delivered to the Conversion Agent, a Conversion Notice will be irrevocable unless an Event of Default shall have occurred and is continuing on the Delivery Date of any Additional Shares, in which case the relevant Bondholders shall be entitled to revoke the relevant Conversion Notice by giving notice to the Conversion Agent.

 

(b) Write-down of Global Bond Certificate

 

If the Bondholder is a Central Securities Depository (as defined below) and the certificate evidencing the Bonds being converted is the Global Bond Certificate, the Bondholder must certify to the Conversion Agent that the principal amount of such global certificate will be written down upon the conversion to reflect such conversion as provided in the Agency Agreement.

 

(c) Surrender of Bond Certificates

 

Any other Bondholder must surrender any certificate evidencing the Bonds being converted to the Conversion Agent on or before the Conversion Date.

 

5.3 Delivery of Shares and Payment of Cash Alternative Amount

 

(a) Delivery of Shares

 

Where Conversion Rights shall have been exercised, the Issuer shall deliver to the relevant Bondholder or Bondholders such number of Shares equal to the Reference Shares in respect of such exercise, thereby satisfying by way of set off the obligation to pay up the issue price of the Shares (which issue price shall be equal to the principal amount of the Bonds to be converted).

 

(b) Fractions

 

Fractions of Shares will not be issued or transferred and delivered and no cash payment or other adjustment will be made in lieu thereof.

 

If a Conversion Right in respect of more than one Bond is exercised at any one time such that Shares to be issued and delivered in respect of such exercise are to be delivered to the same person, the number of Shares to be issued and delivered in respect thereof shall be calculated by the Calculation Agent on the basis of the aggregate principal amount of such Bonds, and rounded down to the nearest whole number of Shares in accordance with, and subject to, the definition of Reference Shares.

 

(c) Procedures for Delivery of Shares

 

Following the exercise of Conversion Rights by a Bondholder, the Issuer shall deliver, or procure the delivery, to the relevant Bondholder or Bondholders the Reference Shares (if any) on the relevant Delivery Date by crediting the account with the financial institution specified by in the relevant Conversion Notice with the Reference Shares, for so long as Euronext Amsterdam is the Relevant Exchange. If Euronext Amsterdam is not the Relevant Exchange, then delivery of the Reference Shares following the exercise of Conversion Rights shall be made in such manner and through such clearing system or depositary or other arrangement or facility as may be customary at the relevant time for delivery and settlement of transactions in the Shares on the Relevant Exchange at such time, as may be notified by the Issuer to Bondholders.

 

 

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All Shares delivered to Bondholders on exercise of Conversion Rights will be fully paid and non-assessable on the relevant Delivery Date. In these Conditions, “non-assessable” (which term has no equivalent in Dutch) means that neither the Issuer nor any other Person has any right to require the holder of a Share to pay to the Issuer or any other Person any additional or further amount solely as a result of its holding of such Share.

 

Delivery Date” means, in respect of any exercise of Conversion Rights, the date on which the relevant Reference Shares are issued and/or delivered to the relevant Bondholder, which shall be no later than the date falling five Trading Days following the relevant Conversion Date (or, in the case of Additional Shares, no later than the date falling five Trading Days following the relevant Reference Date).

 

(d) Settlement Disruption Event

 

If a Settlement Disruption Event occurs between the Conversion Date and the Delivery Date, and delivery of any Shares cannot be effected on the Delivery Date, then solely for purposes of this Section 5.3 the Delivery Date will be postponed until the first succeeding calendar day on which delivery of the Shares can take place through a national or international settlement system or in any other commercially reasonable manner.

 

(e) No Payment or Adjustment for Accrued Dividends

 

Shares made available to Bondholders on exercise of their Conversion Rights will rank pari passu in all respects with the fully paid Shares in issue on the relevant Delivery Date, except that Bondholders will not be entitled to receive any dividend or other distribution declared payable to holders of Shares by reference to a record date falling prior to the Delivery Date. No interest or other amount or adjustment will be paid or made in respect of any such dividend or dividends.

 

(f) Ranking

 

Where a Bondholder shall have exercised its Conversion Rights, the relevant Bondholder or Bondholders shall be entitled to all dividends, distributions and other entitlements determined by reference to a record date on or after the relevant Delivery Date.

 

(g) Cash Alternative Amount

 

The Issuer will pay the Cash Alternative Amount, together with any other amount due in satisfaction of the relevant exercise of Investor Cash Settlement Rights, by not later than five Trading Days following the last day of the Cash Alternative Calculation Period by transfer to a euro account with a bank in a city in which banks have access to the TARGET System in accordance with instructions given by the relevant Bondholder in the relevant Conversion Notice. The Bondholder must include sufficient details about the account and the financial institution in the Conversion Notice to permit the Issuer to make or to cause to be made such delivery by credit to such account.

 

 

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5.4 Adjustment of Conversion Price

 

(a) Non-Merger Events

 

The Conversion Price will be adjusted by (unless otherwise specified) the Calculation Agent as follows under the following circumstances (each, an “Adjustment Event”):

 

(i) Stock Split or Consolidation

 

If there shall have occurred a subdivision or consolidation of the Shares (except for a Merger Event) into a greater or lesser number of Shares, the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the date on which such event occurred by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 1 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(ii) Granting of Rights or Warrants for Shares

 

If the Issuer grants or causes to be granted a right, warrant or other security to existing holders of Shares as a class giving them the right to purchase or subscribe for additional Shares, (for the avoidance of doubt, other than constituting a Cash or Stock Dividend), the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the Ex-Date of such grant (or, if later, as of the first date on which the adjusted Conversion Price is capable of being determined in accordance with these Conditions) by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 2 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(iii) Sale of Shares at a Substantial Discount

 

If the Issuer issues Shares for no consideration or sells Shares for cash, or causes Shares to be sold for cash, for a price that is less than 95 per cent. of the Current Market Price for the Shares on the date of first public announcement of the terms of such sale (other than in the circumstances the subject of Section 5.4(a)(ii) or 5.4(a)(iv)), the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the date of issuance of the Shares by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 3 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(iv) Free Distributions of Shares

 

If the Issuer makes or causes to be made a free distribution of Shares by way of capitalisation of profits or reserves to existing holders of Shares as a class (other than constituting a Cash or Stock Dividend), the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the Ex-Date of such distribution by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 1 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(v) Free Distribution of an Equity-Linked Security

 

If the Issuer makes or causes to be made a free distribution or dividend of securities that are convertible, exchangeable or otherwise exercisable into the Shares to existing holders of Shares as a class (other than in the circumstances the subject of Section 5.4(a)(ii)), the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the Ex-Date of such free distribution or dividend (or, if later, as of the first date on which the adjusted Conversion Price is capable of being determined in accordance with these Conditions) by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 2 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(vi) Granting of Rights or Warrants for an Equity-Linked Security

 

If the Issuer grants or causes to be granted a right, warrant or other security to existing holders of Shares as a class giving them the right to purchase or subscribe for securities that are convertible, exchangeable or otherwise exercisable into the Shares, (other than in the circumstances the subject of Section 5.4(a)(v)) the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the Ex-Date of such grant (or, if later, as of the first date on which the adjusted Conversion Price is capable of being determined in accordance with these Conditions) by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 2 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

 

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(vii) Issuance of Equity-Linked Securities at a Substantial Discount

 

If the Issuer issues for no consideration or issues and sells for cash, or causes to be issued and sold for cash, securities that are convertible, exchangeable or otherwise exercisable into, or grants rights or options to purchase or subscribe, Shares (other than in the circumstances the subject of Section 5.4(a)(v) or Section 5.4(a)(vi)) and the price per equity-linked security (determined on a per Share basis by reference to the initial conversion or exchange price or ratio) together with any other consideration received or receivable by the Issuer in respect of such equity-linked security (determined on a per Share basis as aforesaid) is less than 95 per cent. of the Current Market Price for the Shares on the date of first public announcement of the terms of such newly issued equity-linked securities, the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the date of issuance of such equity-linked security by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 3 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(viii) Granting of Rights or Warrants for other Property

 

If the Issuer grants a right, warrant or other security giving the right to purchase at less than Fair Market Value (determined as at the Ex-Date of such grant), any other property (not covered by another Section of this Section 5.4(a)) to existing holders of Shares, the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the Ex-Date of such grant (or, if later, as of the first date on which the adjusted Conversion Price is capable of being determined in accordance with these Conditions) by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 2 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(ix) Cash or Stock Dividend

 

If a Cash or Stock Dividend is paid or made on the Shares, where the Ex-Date in respect of such Cash or Stock Dividend falls on or after the Closing Date, then the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the Ex-Date of such Cash or Stock Dividend (or, if later, as of the first date on which the adjusted Conversion Price is capable of being determined in accordance with these Conditions), by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 5 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(x) Spin-off or Subdivision of Shares into Classes

 

If the Issuer distributes, or causes to be distributed, to existing holders of Shares (a “Spin-off Event”) equity securities of any entity other than the Issuer (the “Spin-off Securities”), or subdivides (a “Reclassification”) the Shares into two or more separately quoted classes of equity securities (such new classes of equity securities, the “Reclassified Securities”), then one of the following adjustments will be made (as appropriate and subject as provided therein), as selected by the Issuer (in consultation with an Independent Financial Adviser) from among the options applicable to such event, effective as of the Ex-Date of any Spin-off Event or as of the effective date of any Reclassification (or, if later, as of the first date on which the adjusted Conversion Price or other applicable adjustment pursuant to this Section 5.4(a)(x) is capable of being determined in accordance with these Conditions):

 

(1) in the case of a Spin-off Event or a Reclassification where the Spin-off Securities or Reclassified Securities, as the case may be, are publicly traded on a Recognised Exchange, the Shares shall thereafter comprise the securities comprising either the Shares immediately prior to such adjustment together with the Spin-off Securities (in the case of a Spin-off Event) or the Reclassified Securities (in the case of a Reclassification), in either case in the same amount as the Bondholder would have been entitled to receive had he converted the Bonds into Shares immediately prior to the record date of such Spin-off Event or the effective date of such Reclassification;

 

 

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(2) in the case of a Spin-off Event, the Conversion Price will be adjusted by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by the fraction expressed by Formula 2 in Section 5.4(b) below;

 

(3) in the case of a Spin-off Event, where the Spin-off Securities are publicly traded on a Recognised Exchange, within five Trading Days after the Ex-Date of the Spin-off Event, the Issuer will deliver the Spin-off Securities to each Bondholder in the same amount as the Bondholder would have been entitled to receive had he converted the Bonds into Shares immediately prior to the record date of such Spin-off Event or the effective date of such Reclassification; or

 

(4) in the case of a Spin-off Event, where the Spin-off Securities are publicly traded on a Recognised Exchange, within five Trading Days after the Ex-Date of the Spin-off Event, the Issuer will pay to each Bondholder an amount in cash in euros (rounded to the nearest €0.01, with €0.005 rounded upwards) equal to the number of such Spin-off Securities as such Bondholder would have been entitled to receive had he converted the Bonds into Shares immediately prior to the record date of such Spin-off Event multiplied by the Fair Market Value of the Spin-off Securities on a per Share basis.

 

If the Issuer selects option (1):

 

(y) in the case of a Spin-off Event, each Bond will thereafter be convertible into the Shares and the relevant Spin-off Securities (in the amount determined as provided in option (1) subject to adjustment mutatis mutandis as provided in these Conditions and for such purposes the initial Conversion Price in respect of such Spin-off Securities upon the relevant Spin-off Event shall be calculated by dividing the principal amount of each Bond by the number of Spin-off Securities the holder of such Bond would have been entitled to receive had he converted the Bonds into Shares immediately prior to the record date of such Spin-off Event).

 

No adjustment shall be made to the Conversion Price in respect of the Shares as a result of such Spin-off Event.

 

(z) in the case of a Reclassification, the Bonds will thereafter be convertible into each class of the Reclassified Securities (in each case in the amount determined as provided in option (1) subject to adjustment mutatis mutandis as provided in these Conditions) and for such purposes the initial Conversion Price in respect of each class of Reclassified Securities upon the Reclassification shall be calculated by dividing the principal amount of each Bond by the number of such Reclassified Securities as the holder of such Bond would have been entitled to receive had he converted the Bonds into Shares immediately prior to the effective date of such Reclassification. If the Issuer shall select option (3) or (4) the Bonds will continue to be convertible into Shares as provided in these Conditions and no adjustment shall be made to the Conversion Price as a result of the relevant Spin-off Event.

 

 

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(xi) Share Buybacks by means of a Tender or Exchange Offer above Market

 

If the Issuer or any of its Subsidiaries commences a tender or exchange offer for the Shares and the Fair Market Value of the cash and other consideration offered per Share (determined as at the Expiration Time) exceeds the value of “P” in Formula 4 in Section 5.4(b) below, the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the Trading Day immediately following the Expiration Time (as defined below) (or, if later, as of the first date on which the adjusted Conversion Price is capable of being determined in accordance with these Conditions) by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by the fraction expressed by Formula 4 in Section 5.4(b) below. For the avoidance of doubt, this clause does not apply to on-market buybacks by the Issuer other than by means of a tender or exchange offer (such as on-market buybacks that are part of a buyback programme).

 

(b) Adjustment Formulae

 

The formulae to be applied in Section 5.4(a) above to adjust the Conversion Price are as follows:

 

Formula 1 (Sections 5.4(a)(i) and 5.4(a)(iv) above):

 

X
Y

   

where:

 

  X = the number of Shares outstanding immediately prior to the occurrence of such event.
       
 

Y

=

the number of Shares outstanding immediately after the occurrence of such event.

 

Formula 2 (Sections 5.4(a)(ii), 5.4(a)(v), 5.4(a)(vi), 5.4(a)(viii) and 5.4(a)(x)(2) above):

 

P - d
P

 

where:

 

P = the Current Market Price on the first day on which the Shares are traded on the Relevant Exchange ex the relevant distribution, dividend, rights, warrants or other securities or other property.

 

d = the Fair Market Value per Share of the distribution, dividend, rights, warrants or securities or other property the subject of the relevant grant, as the case may be, such Fair Market Value as aforesaid being determined as at the first day on which the Shares are traded on the Relevant Exchange ex such distribution, dividend, rights, warrants or other securities or other property.

 

 

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Formula 3 (Sections 5.4(a)(iii) and 5.4(a)(vii) above):

 

X + (Z x c/P)
X + Z

  

where:

 

X = the number of Shares outstanding immediately prior to the date of first public announcement of the terms of the relevant issue or sale.

 

P = the Current Market Price on the date of first public announcement of the terms of the relevant issue or sale.

 

Z = the number of (i) Shares to be sold or (ii) Shares into which such other securities to be sold or issued are convertible, exchangeable or otherwise exercisable.

 

c = the Fair Market Value (determined as of the date of such first public announcement) of (i) the sale price per security of the Shares to be sold or (ii) the sale price of the securities to be sold or issued that are convertible, exchangeable or otherwise exercisable into the Shares, together with the Fair Market Value (determined as of the date of such first public announcement) of any other consideration received or receivable in respect of such securities, in each case determined on a per Share basis by reference to the initial issue, sale, conversion or exchange price or ratio, as the case may be (and in any such case if the relevant Shares or securities are issued for no consideration, the sale price shall be zero).

 

Formula 4 (Section 5.4(a)(xi) above):

 

N1 x P
A + (N2 x P)

  

where:

 

  N1 =

the number of Shares outstanding at the latest time (the “Expiration Time”) tenders or exchanges may be made pursuant to such tender or exchange offer (as it shall have been amended), inclusive of all Shares validly tendered or exchanged and not withdrawn as of the Expiration Time (the “Purchased Shares”).

 

  N2 =

the number of Shares outstanding at the Expiration Time, exclusive of any Purchased Shares.

 

  P = the Current Market Price of the Shares on the date of first public announcement of the terms of the tender or exchange offer.
       
  A = the Fair Market Value (determined as at the Expiration Time) of the aggregate consideration payable to holders of Shares based on the acceptance (up to any maximum specified in the terms of the tender or exchange offer) of the Purchased Shares.
       

Formula 5 (Section 5.4(a)(ix) above):

 

P - d
P

 

 

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P = the Current Market Price of the Shares on the Ex-Date in respect of the relevant Cash or Stock Dividend.

 

d = the Fair Market Value of the relevant Cash or Stock Dividend per Share as at the Ex-Date of such Cash or Stock Dividend.

 

(c) Change of Control

 

If a Change of Control occurs, the Conversion Price (the “Change of Control Conversion Price”) in respect of any Bonds in respect of which Investor Cash Settlement Rights or Conversion Rights are exercised and the Conversion Date falls during the Change of Control Period, will be determined as set out below:

 

COCCP = OCP/(1+ (CP x c/t))

 

where:

 

  COCCP = means the Change of Control Conversion Price
       
  OCP = means the Conversion Price in effect on the relevant Conversion Date
       
  CP = means 40 per cent.
       
  c = means the number of days from and including the date the Change of Control occurs to but excluding the Maturity Date
       
  t = means the number of days from and including the Closing Date to but excluding the Maturity Date

 

(d) Merger Events

 

If, in respect of a Merger Event, the consideration for the Shares consists (or, at the option of the holder of the Shares, may consist) of New Securities, Other Consideration or Combined Consideration, then on or after the Merger Date each Bond shall be convertible into the number of New Securities, the amount of Other Consideration or the amount of Combined Consideration, as the case may be, to which a holder of the number of Shares which would have been required to be delivered had such Bond been converted immediately prior to the Merger Event would be entitled upon consummation of the Merger Event. Where pursuant to the foregoing the Bonds will be convertible into property including or comprising New Securities, the initial Conversion Price in respect of such New Securities shall be calculated by dividing the principal amount of each Bond by the number of such New Securities (determined as provided above), all as determined by an Independent Financial Adviser.

 

(e) Other Adjustments

 

No adjustment to the Conversion Price will be required other than those specified above. However, if the Issuer (following consultation with the Calculation Agent) determines in good faith that an adjustment should be made to the Conversion Price (or that a determination should be made as to whether an adjustment should be made) as a result of one or more events or circumstances not referred to above in this Section 5.4 (even if the relevant event or circumstances are specifically excluded from the operation of any or all of Sections 5.4(a) and 5.4(c) above), the Issuer shall, at its own expense and acting reasonably, in consultation with the Calculation Agent, request an Independent Financial Adviser to determine as soon as practicable what adjustment (if any) to the Conversion Price is fair and reasonable to take account of such events or circumstances and the date on which such adjustment should take effect. Upon such determination, such adjustment (if any) shall be made and shall take effect in accordance with such determination.

 

 

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(f) Procedures

 

Except as otherwise provided, the Calculation Agent (or, to the extent so specified in these Conditions, an Independent Financial Adviser) will make all adjustments to the Conversion Price pursuant to Sections 5.4(a), 5.4(c), 5.4(d) and 5.4(e) above, and its calculation shall be binding on all parties except in the event of bad faith or manifest or proven error.

 

The Calculation Agent shall act solely as agent of the Issuer and will not thereby assume any obligation towards, or relationship of agency or trust with, and shall not incur any liability in respect of anything done or omitted to be done when acting in such Calculation Agency capacity as against the Trustee or the Bondholders, and the Calculation Agent shall not be required or be under any duty to monitor whether any event or other circumstance shall have occurred that would give rise to an adjustment to the Conversion Price. The Calculation Agent shall not be under any duty to monitor whether any event or circumstance has occurred or exists or may occur or exist which would entitle the Bondholders to exercise Investor Cash Settlement Rights or Conversion Rights.

 

The Calculation Agent may consult, at the expense of the Issuer, on any matter (including but not limited to, any legal matter), any legal or other professional adviser and it shall be able to rely upon, and it shall not be liable and shall incur no liability as against the Trustee or the Bondholders in respect of anything done, or omitted to be done, relating to that matter in good faith in accordance with, that adviser’s opinion.

 

Any Independent Financial Adviser appointed pursuant to these Conditions will not assume any obligation towards or relationship of agency or trust with, and shall not be liable and shall incur no liability in respect of anything done, or omitted to be done in good faith, in accordance with these Conditions as against the Trustee or the Bondholders.

 

All references in the foregoing provisions to the number of Shares outstanding shall exclude Shares held by or on behalf of the Issuer or any Subsidiary.

 

None of the foregoing adjustment provisions shall apply to any bona fide plan for the benefit of employees, directors or consultants of the Issuer or any of its Subsidiaries now or hereafter in effect.

 

The Conversion Price resulting from any adjustment provided for in Section 5.4(a), 5.4(c) or 5.4(e) above will be rounded down to the nearest 0.0001, subject to Section 5.4(g).

 

(g) De Minimis Exception

 

No adjustment to the Conversion Price pursuant to Sections 5.4(a), 5.4(c) and 5.4(e) above will be made if the adjustment would result in a change in the Conversion Price of less than 1 per cent. of the then prevailing Conversion Price, provided that any adjustment that would otherwise be required to be made and any amount by which the Conversion Price has been rounded down pursuant to Section 5.4(f) above will be carried forward and taken into account in any subsequent adjustment.

 

(h) Notice

 

The Issuer shall give notice to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, the Trustee and the Bondholders in accordance with Section 15.7 of any change (or, at the Issuer’s discretion, any prospective change) to the Conversion Price as soon as reasonably practicable following such change (or, if the notice is given in respect of a prospective change, at such time as the Issuer shall determine).

 

 

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(i) No Adjustment

 

No adjustment will be made to the Conversion Price pursuant to this Section 5.4 where Shares or other securities (including rights, warrants and options) are issued, offered, exercised, allotted, purchased, appropriated, modified or granted to, or for the benefit of, employees or former employees (including directors holding or formerly holding executive office or non-executive office or the personal service company of any such person) or their spouses or relatives, in each case, of the Issuer or any of its Subsidiaries or any associated company or to a trustee or trustees to be held for the benefit of any such person, in any such case pursuant to any share or option scheme or pursuant to any dividend reinvestment plan or similar plan or scheme.

 

For the avoidance of doubt, other than an adjustment to the Conversion Price in respect of a consolidation of Shares pursuant to Section 5.4(a)(i), no adjustment to the Conversion Price shall result in an increase thereof.

 

The Conversion Price shall not in any event be reduced to below the nominal value of the Shares or any minimum value permitted by applicable laws or regulations or be reduced so that on conversion of the Bonds, Shares would fall to be issued in circumstances not permitted by applicable laws or regulations. The Issuer undertakes that it shall not take any action, and shall procure that no action is taken, that would otherwise result in an adjustment to the Conversion Price to below such nominal value or any minimum level permitted by applicable laws or regulations or that would otherwise result in Shares that would be required to be issued or transferred and delivered in circumstances not being permitted by applicable laws or regulations.

 

(j) Retroactive Adjustment

 

If a Retroactive Adjustment occurs in relation to any exercise of Conversion Rights, the Issuer shall procure that there shall be issued or transferred and delivered to the relevant Bondholder, in accordance with the instructions contained in the relevant Conversion Notice, such additional number of Shares (if any) (the “Additional Shares”) as, together with the Shares issued or transferred and delivered on the relevant exercise of Conversion Rights, is equal to the number of Shares which would have been required to be issued or transferred and delivered on such exercise if the relevant adjustment to the Conversion Price had been made and become effective immediately prior to the relevant Conversion Date, all as determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent or an Independent Adviser, provided that if in the case of Section 5.4(a)(i), 5.4(a)(ii), 5.4(a)(iv), 5.4(a)(v), 5.4(a)(vi), 5.4(a)(viii), 5.4(a)(ix) or 5.4(a)(x) the relevant Bondholder shall be entitled to receive the relevant Shares, Cash or Stock Dividends or Securities in respect of the Shares to be issued or transferred and delivered to it, then no such Retroactive Adjustment shall be made in relation to the relevant event and the relevant Bondholder shall not be entitled to receive Additional Shares in relation thereto.

 

5.5 Stamp, Transfer, Registration or other Taxes or Duties

 

The Issuer shall pay all capital, stamp, issue, registration, transfer and other taxes or duties imposed by The Netherlands, or any jurisdiction in which the Issuer may be domiciled or resident or to whose taxing jurisdiction the Issuer may generally be subject or the jurisdiction where the Relevant Exchange is located, payable upon delivery of Shares on exercise of Conversion Rights (“Specified Taxes”). If the Issuer shall fail to pay any Specified Taxes, the relevant Bondholder shall be entitled to tender and pay the same and the Issuer as a separate and independent stipulation, covenants to reimburse and indemnify each Bondholder in respect of any payment thereof and any penalties payable in respect thereof.

 

 

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A Bondholder exercising Conversion Rights must pay directly to the relevant authorities any capital, stamp, issue, registration, transfer and other taxes or duties arising on the exercise of such Conversion Rights, other than any Specified Taxes. A Bondholder must also pay all, if any, taxes imposed on it and arising by reference to any disposal or deemed disposal by it of a Bond or interest therein in connection with the exercise of Investor Cash Settlement Rights or Conversion Rights by it.

 

Any duties or taxes payable by a Bondholder pursuant to this Section 5.5 in the jurisdiction of the Conversion Agent with whom the relevant Conversion Notice is deposited shall be required to be paid to such Conversion Agent as a condition precedent to conversion. None of the Issuer, the Trustee or any Agent will impose any charge upon the exercise of Investor Cash Settlement Rights or Conversion Rights.

 

5.6 Repurchase of Bonds

 

The Issuer and any Subsidiary may at any time purchase Bonds at any price in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions, provided that such purchases are in compliance with applicable law and stock exchange regulations. All Bonds which are so purchased will forthwith be cancelled and may not be reissued or resold, and the principal amount of the Global Bond Certificate will be reduced.

 

6 Withholding Taxes

 

All payments of principal, interest and other amounts made by the Issuer in respect of the Bonds (including any Cash Alternative Amounts) will be made without deduction or withholding for, or on account of, any present or future taxes, duties, assessments or governmental charges of whatever nature imposed or levied, collected, withheld or assessed by or on behalf of any Taxing Jurisdiction, unless the withholding or deduction of such taxes, duties, assessments or governmental charges is required by law or regulation or by the official interpretation thereof. If any corporation assumes the Issuer’s rights and obligations under the Bonds, the term “Taxing Jurisdiction” will include each jurisdiction in which such corporation is resident for tax purposes from the time it assumes the Issuer’s rights and obligations.

 

In the event that any such withholding or deduction is required to be made, the Issuer will pay such additional amounts as will result in the receipt by the Bondholders of the amounts which would otherwise have been receivable had no such withholding or deduction been required, except that no such additional amount shall be payable in respect of interest on any Bond to a Bondholder (or to a third party on behalf of a Bondholder) who is subject to such taxes, duties, assessments or governmental charges in respect of such Bond by reason of its having some connection with such Taxing Jurisdiction otherwise than merely by holding the Bond or by the receipt of amounts in respect of the Bond.

 

References in these Conditions to principal and/or interest and/or any other amounts payable in respect of the Bonds shall be deemed also to refer to any additional amounts which may be payable under this Section 6 or any undertaking or covenant given in addition thereto or in substitution therefor pursuant to the Trust Deed.

 

The provisions of this Section 6 shall not apply in respect of any payments of interest which fall due after the relevant Tax Redemption Date in respect of any Bonds which are the subject of a Bondholder election pursuant to Section 4.2.

 

 

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7 Covenants

 

So long as any Bond remains outstanding, save with the approval of an Extraordinary Resolution or with the prior written approval of the Trustee where, in its opinion, it is not materially prejudicial to the interest of the Bondholders to give such approval:

 

(a) Covenant not to Merge, Consolidate, Amalgamate, Sell, Lease or Transfer Assets under Certain Conditions: The Issuer will not consolidate or amalgamate with or merge into any other corporation or corporations (other than where the Issuer is the continuing entity), or sell, lease, or transfer all or substantially all its assets, unless (A) the corporation formed by such consolidation or amalgamation, or into which the Issuer shall have been merged, or which shall have acquired such assets upon any such sale, lease or transfer shall have expressly assumed the due and punctual payment of the principal of and interest on all the Bonds and the due and punctual performance and observance of all of the covenants and conditions of the Bonds to be performed or observed by the Issuer and (B) (x) each Bond shall thereafter be convertible into the class and amount of Shares and other securities, property and assets (including cash) receivable upon such consolidation, amalgamation or merger or sale, lease or transfer by a holder of the number of Shares which would have been required to be delivered had such Bond been converted into Shares immediately prior to such merger, consolidation, amalgamation, sale, lease or transfer or (y) if, in the case of any such sale, lease or transfer, no such Shares or other securities, property or assets are receivable by holders of Shares, the Bonds will be convertible into Shares or common stock or the like (comprising equity securities) of the corporation which shall have acquired the relevant assets on such basis and with a Conversion Price (subject to adjustment as provided in these Conditions) as determined in good faith by an Independent Financial Adviser. For the purposes thereof, the Issuer shall execute and deliver to each of the Agents a supplement to the Agency Agreement satisfactory to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent. Such supplement will provide for adjustments which will be as nearly equivalent as may be practicable to the adjustments provided for in these Conditions. The provisions of this Section 7(a) will apply in the same way to any subsequent merger, consolidation, amalgamation, sale, lease or transfer. In case of any such consolidation, merger, sale, lease or transfer, and following such an assumption by the successor corporation, such successor corporation will succeed to and be substituted for the Issuer with the same effect as if it had been named herein. In the event of any such sale, lease or transfer, following such an assumption by the successor corporation, the Issuer will be discharged from all obligations and covenants under the Bonds and the Agency Agreement and may be liquidated and dissolved.

 

(b) Reservation of Share Capital: The Issuer undertakes that it will, at all times following the date on which the Physical Settlement Notice is given, maintain treasury shares or authorised share capital, free of pre-emption rights sufficient in aggregate for the issuance of Shares that would be required to be delivered to Bondholders on exercise of Conversion Rights in respect of all outstanding Bonds from time to time.

 

(c) Listing of Shares: The Issuer undertakes to use all reasonable endeavours to ensure that the Shares issued upon exercise of the Conversion Rights will be admitted to listing and trading on the Relevant Exchange and will be listed, quoted or dealt in on any other stock exchange or securities market on which the Shares may then be listed or quoted or dealt in.

 

(d) Listing of Bonds: The Issuer undertakes to use its reasonable endeavours to cause the Bonds to be admitted to trading on the Open Market (Freiverkehr) of the Frankfurt Stock Exchange or another EEA or United Kingdom stock exchange or trading platform (the “Admission”) no later than 30 May 2020 and use its reasonable endeavours to maintain such Admission for so long as any of the Bonds remain outstanding.

 

 

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(e) Terms and Conditions: The Issuer undertakes that by no later than the Closing Date it will (i) publish a copy of these Conditions (including a legend regarding the intended target market for the Bonds) on its website and (ii) thereafter (and for so long as any of the Bonds remain outstanding) maintain the availability of these Conditions (as the same may be amended in accordance with their terms) on such website.

 

(f) Independent Financial Adviser: The Issuer undertakes, whenever a function expressed in these Conditions to be performed by an Independent Financial Adviser falls to be performed, to appoint and (for so long as such function is required to be performed) maintain an Independent Financial Adviser.

 

8 Events of Default

 

If any of the following events (each an “Event of Default”) occurs and is continuing, the Trustee at its discretion may, and if so requested by a meeting of Bondholders shall, give notice to the Issuer at its registered office that the Bonds are, and they shall accordingly immediately become, due and repayable at their Redemption Price together with accrued interest (if any) to the date of payment or, in the case of a failure to give a Physical Settlement Notice if required to do so under Section 5.1, the Fair Bond Value Redemption Price (provided that for such purpose the Fair Bond Value Calculation Period shall be deemed to commence on the Trading Day following the Shareholder Event Notice Deadline):

 

(a) Payment Default: the Issuer fails to pay the principal of or interest on or any other amount in respect of any Bonds (including any Cash Alternative Amount) when the same becomes due and payable and such failure continues for a period of 10 days; or

 

(b) Conversion: there is a failure to issue or transfer and deliver Shares upon exercise of Conversion Rights when the same is required to be delivered or otherwise a failure to duly and punctually comply with any of the Issuer’s obligations in respect of the exercise of Conversion Rights and such default continues for a period of seven days; or

 

(c) Breach of Agreement: a default in the observance or performance of any other covenant or agreement contained in these Conditions or the Trust Deed which default continues for a period of 30 days after the Issuer receives written notice specifying the default (and demanding that such default be remedied) from the Trustee; or

 

(d) Cross-Default: (i) any other present or future indebtedness of the Issuer or any of its Material Subsidiaries for or in respect of moneys borrowed or raised becomes (or becomes capable of being declared) due and payable prior to its stated maturity by reason of any actual or potential default, event of default or the like (howsoever described), or (ii) any such indebtedness is not paid when due or, as the case may be, within any originally applicable grace period, or (iii) the Issuer or any of its Material Subsidiaries fails to pay when due any amount payable by it under any present or future guarantee for, or indemnity in respect of, any moneys borrowed or raised provided that the aggregate amount of the relevant indebtedness, guarantees and indemnities in respect of which one or more of the events mentioned above in this Section 8(d) have occurred equals or exceeds €15,000,000 or its equivalent (as reasonably determined by the Trustee); or

 

(e) Insolvency:

 

(i) the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary:

 

(A) is unable or admits inability to pay its debts generally as they fall due;

 

(B) suspends making payments on any of its debts generally; or

 

 

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(C) by reason of actual or anticipated financial difficulties, commences negotiations with one or more of its creditors with a view to rescheduling all or a material part of its indebtedness.

 

(ii) a moratorium is declared in respect of any indebtedness of the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary; or

 

(f) Insolvency Proceedings:

 

(i) the suspension of payments, a moratorium of any indebtedness, winding-up, dissolution, administration or reorganisation (by way of voluntary arrangement, scheme of arrangement or otherwise) of the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary other than a solvent liquidation or reorganisation of any Material Subsidiary (other than the Issuer);

 

(ii) a composition, compromise, assignment or arrangement with any creditor of the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary;

 

(iii) the appointment of a liquidator (other than in respect of a solvent liquidation of the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary), receiver, administrative receiver, administrator, compulsory manager or other similar officer in respect of the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary or any of its assets, which, in the case of an involuntary case or proceeding, remains unstayed and in effect for a period of 90 consecutive days; or

 

(iv) any analogous procedure or step to those described in (i) to (iii) above is taken in any jurisdiction; or

 

This paragraph (f) shall not apply to any winding-up petition which is frivolous or vexatious and is discharged, stayed or dismissed within 30 days of commencement.

 

(g) Creditors’ Process: any expropriation, attachment, sequestration, distress or execution affects any material part of the asset or assets of the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary provided that it shall not be an Event of Default under this paragraph (g) if the relevant expropriation, attachment, sequestration, distress or execution is released or discharged within, in respect of an interlocutory attachment (conservatoir beslag), 30 days and, in respect of any other attachment, 14 days; or

 

(h) Analogous Proceedings: there occurs, in relation to any Material Subsidiary, in any jurisdiction to which it or any of its assets are subject, any event which reasonably corresponds with any of those mentioned in Section 8(e) to 8(g) above; or

 

(i) Illegality: it is or will become unlawful for the Issuer to perform or comply with any one or more of its obligations under any of the Bonds or the Trust Deed; or

 

(j) Cessation of Business: the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary ceases (or threatens to cease) to carry on all or a substantial part of its business.

 

9 Meetings of Bondholders, Modification and Waiver

 

9.1 Meetings of Bondholders

 

The Trust Deed contains provisions for convening meetings of Bondholders to consider matters affecting their interests, including the sanctioning by Extraordinary Resolution of a modification of any of these Conditions or any provisions of the Trust Deed. Such a meeting may be convened by the Issuer or the Trustee and shall be convened by the Issuer if requested in writing by Bondholders holding not less than 10 per cent. in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding. The quorum for any meeting convened to consider an Extraordinary Resolution will be one or more persons holding or representing a clear majority in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding, or at any adjourned meeting one or more persons being or representing Bondholders whatever the principal amount of the Bonds so held or represented, unless the business of such meeting includes consideration of proposals, inter alia, (i) to change the Maturity Date or the dates on which interest is payable in respect of the Bonds, (ii) to modify the circumstances in which the Issuer or Bondholders are entitled to redeem the Bonds pursuant to Section 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 or 4.4 (other than removing the right of the Issuer to redeem the Bonds pursuant to Section 4.1 or 4.2), (iii) to reduce or cancel the principal amount of, or interest on, the Bonds or to reduce the amount payable on redemption of the Bonds, (iv) to modify the basis for calculating the interest payable in respect of the Bonds, (v) to modify the provisions relating to, or cancel, Investor Cash Settlement Rights or Conversion Rights or the rights of Bondholders to receive Shares or a Cash Alternative Amount on exercise of Investor Cash Settlement Rights or Conversion Rights, as applicable, pursuant to these Conditions (other than a reduction to the Conversion Price), (vi) to increase the Conversion Price (other than in accordance with these Conditions), (vii) to modify the basis for calculating the Cash Alternative Amount, (viii) to change the currency of the denomination of the Bonds or of any payment in respect of the Bonds, (ix) to change the governing law of the Bonds, the Trust Deed or the Agency Agreement, or (x) to modify the provisions concerning the quorum required at any meeting of Bondholders or the majority required to pass an Extraordinary Resolution, in which case the necessary quorum will be one or more persons holding or representing not less than two-thirds, or at any adjourned meeting not less than one-half, in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding. Any Extraordinary Resolution duly passed by the Bondholders shall be binding on all Bondholders (whether or not they were present at any meeting at which such resolution was passed and whether or not they voted on such resolution).

 

 

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The Trust Deed provides that (i) a resolution in writing signed by or on behalf of the holders of not less than 75 per cent. of the aggregate principal amount of Bonds outstanding (which may be contained in one document or several documents in the same form, each signed by or on behalf of one or more Bondholders) or (ii) consents given by way of electronic consent through the relevant clearing system(s) (in a form satisfactory to the Trustee) by or on behalf of the holders of not less than 75 per cent. of the aggregate principal amount of the Bonds outstanding, shall, in any such case, be effective as an Extraordinary Resolution passed at a meeting of Bondholders duly convened and held.

 

9.2 Modification and Waiver

 

The Trustee may agree, without the consent of the Bondholders, to (i) any modification of any of the provisions of the Trust Deed, any trust deed supplemental to the Trust Deed, the Agency Agreement, any agreement supplemental to the Agency Agreement, the Bonds or these Conditions which in the Trustee’s opinion is of a formal, minor or technical nature or is made to correct a manifest error or to comply with mandatory provisions of law, and (ii) any other modification to the Trust Deed, any trust deed supplemental to the Trust Deed, the Agency Agreement, any agreement supplemental to the Agency Agreement, the Bonds or these Conditions (except as mentioned in the Trust Deed), and any waiver or authorisation of any breach or proposed breach, of any of the provisions of the Trust Deed, any trust deed supplemental to the Trust Deed, the Agency Agreement, any agreement supplemental to the Agency Agreement, the Bonds or these Conditions which is, in the opinion of the Trustee, not materially prejudicial to the interests of the Bondholders. The Trustee may, without the consent of the Bondholders, determine that any Event of Default should not be treated as such, provided that in the opinion of the Trustee, the interests of Bondholders will not be materially prejudiced thereby. Any such modification, authorisation, waiver or determination shall be binding on the Bondholders and, if the Trustee so requires, shall be notified to the Bondholders promptly in accordance with Section 15.7.

 

 

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9.3 Entitlement of the Trustee

 

In connection with the exercise of its functions (including but not limited to those referred to in this Section 9) the Trustee shall have regard to the interests of the Bondholders as a class but shall not have regard to any interests arising from circumstances particular to individual Bondholders (whatever their number) and, in particular but without limitation, shall not have regard to the consequences of the exercise of its trusts, powers or discretions for individual Bondholders resulting from their being for any purpose domiciled or resident in, or otherwise connected with, or subject to the jurisdiction of, any particular territory, and the Trustee shall not be entitled to require, nor shall any Bondholder be entitled to claim, from the Issuer or any other person any indemnification or payment in respect of any tax consequence of any such exercise upon individual Bondholders, except to the extent provided for in these Conditions or the Trust Deed.

 

10 Enforcement

 

The Trustee may at any time, at its discretion and without notice, take such proceedings, actions or steps (including lodging an appeal in any proceedings) against the Issuer as it may think fit to enforce the provisions of the Trust Deed and the Bonds, but it shall not be bound to take any such proceedings, actions or steps in relation to the Trust Deed or the Bonds unless (i) it shall have been so directed by an Extraordinary Resolution of the Bondholders or so requested in writing by the holders of at least one-quarter in principal amount of the Bonds then outstanding, and (ii) it shall have been indemnified and/or secured and/or prefunded to its satisfaction. Notwithstanding the above:

 

(a) the Trustee may refrain from taking any proceedings, actions or steps in any jurisdiction if the taking of such action in that jurisdiction would, in its opinion based upon legal advice in the relevant jurisdiction, be contrary to any law of that jurisdiction; and

 

(b) the Trustee may refrain from taking any proceedings, actions or steps in any jurisdiction if in its opinion based upon legal advice in the relevant jurisdiction it would or may render it liable to any person in that jurisdiction or, it would or may not have the power to do the relevant thing in that jurisdiction by virtue of any applicable law in that jurisdiction or if it is determined by any court or other competent authority in that jurisdiction that it does not have such power.

 

No Bondholder shall be entitled to (i) take any proceedings, actions or steps against the Issuer to enforce the performance of any of the provisions of the Trust Deed or the Bonds or (ii) take any other proceedings, actions or steps (including lodging an appeal in any proceedings) in respect of or concerning the Issuer, in each case unless the Trustee, having become bound so to take any such proceedings, actions or steps, fails so to do within a reasonable period and the failure shall be continuing.

 

11 The Trustee

 

The Trust Deed contains provisions for the indemnification of the Trustee and for its relief from responsibility, including:

 

(a) provisions relieving it from taking any proceedings, actions or steps unless indemnified and/or secured and/or prefunded to its satisfaction; and

 

(b) provisions limiting or excluding its liability in certain circumstances.

 

The Trustee is entitled to enter into business transactions with the Issuer and any entity related to the Issuer without accounting for any profit.

 

The Trust Deed provides that, when determining whether an indemnity or any security or pre-funding is satisfactory to it, the Trustee shall be entitled (i) to evaluate its risk in any given circumstance by considering the worst-case scenario and (ii) to require that any indemnity or security or prefunding given to it by the Bondholders or any of them be given on a joint and several basis and be supported by evidence satisfactory to it as to the financial standing and creditworthiness of each counterparty and/or as to the value of the security and an opinion as to the capacity, power and authority of each counterparty and/or the validity and effectiveness of the security.

 

 

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The Trustee may rely without liability to Bondholders on a report, confirmation or certificate or any advice of any accountants, financial advisers, financial institution or other expert, whether or not addressed to it and whether their liability in relation thereto is limited (by its terms or by any engagement letter relating thereto entered into by the Trustee or in any other manner) by reference to a monetary cap, methodology or otherwise. The Trustee may accept and shall be entitled to rely on any such report, confirmation or certificate or advice and such report, confirmation or certificate or advice shall be binding on the Issuer, the Trustee and the Bondholders.

 

12 Agents

 

12.1 Agent to the Issuer

 

The Agents and the Calculation Agent, when acting in that capacity, act solely as agents of the Issuer (and, if applicable after an Event of Default has occurred, of the Trustee) and do not assume any obligation towards or relationship of agency or trust for or with any Bondholder or any Person holding an interest in respect of any Bond through an account with a financial intermediary or otherwise.

 

12.2 Appointment and Termination of Agents and the Calculation Agent

 

The Issuer has initially appointed the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, the Registrar, the Conversion Agents and the Calculation Agent for the Bonds as stated above. The Issuer may at any time, with the approval of the Trustee, appoint additional or other Agents or Calculation Agent and terminate the appointment of such Agents or Calculation Agent. Notice of any such termination or appointment and of any change in the office through which any Agent will act will be promptly given to each Bondholder in the manner described in Section 15.7 hereof.

 

12.3 Duty to Maintain Office

 

As long as the Bonds, including in the event that some but not all Bonds originally issued, are outstanding, the Issuer shall maintain a Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent and a Calculation Agent which shall each be a financial institution of international repute or a financial adviser with appropriate expertise.

 

13 Securities Holding Structure

 

13.1 Form and Custody of Bonds

 

The entire issue of the Bonds will be initially evidenced by a global certificate (the “Global Bond Certificate”) in fully registered form which will be deposited on the Closing Date with and registered in the name of a common depositary or its nominee for Euroclear Bank SA/NV (“Euroclear”) and Clearstream Banking S.A. (“Clearstream, Luxembourg” and together with Euroclear, the “Central Securities Depositories” and each a “Central Securities Depository”).

 

13.2 Multi-Tiered Holding System

 

As long as the Global Bond Certificate is on deposit with the Central Securities Depositories or any of their respective successors, then:

 

(a) any Person wishing to acquire, hold or transfer an interest in respect of the Bonds must do so through an account with a Central Securities Depository or any of their respective successors or another securities intermediary holding an equivalent interest in respect of the Bonds directly or indirectly through a Central Securities Depository or any of its successors;

 

 

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(b) there will be one or more financial intermediaries standing between each such accountholder and the underlying Bonds;

 

(c) the Issuer and the Trustee will have the right to treat the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors or agents as the holders or Persons exclusively entitled to receive interest and other payments or property in respect of or in exchange for the Bonds, including the Shares, and otherwise to exercise all the rights and powers with respect to any Bond;

 

(d) the obligation of the Issuer to make payments of interest and principal (except as provided by a Bondholder pursuant to a Change of Control Put Exercise Notice or Conversion Notice) and other amounts with respect to any Bond shall be discharged at the time payment in the appropriate amount is made in accordance with the Agency Agreement to a Central Securities Depository or its successor or agent;

 

(e) the obligation of the Issuer to deliver Shares upon the exercise by any Bondholder of any Conversion Rights shall be discharged at the time the Shares are delivered to a Central Securities Depository or its successor or agent in accordance with Section 5.3; and

 

(f) any Person that acquires, holds or transfers interests in respect of any Bond through accounts with a Central Securities Depository or with any other financial intermediary will be subject to the laws and contractual provisions governing such Person’s relationship with its financial intermediary, as well as the laws and contractual provisions governing the relationship between its financial intermediary and each other financial intermediary, if any, standing between itself and the Global Bond Certificate and, the Bonds Register to determine (A) the legal nature of its interest in respect of any Bond and whether such interest is protected against the insolvency of its financial intermediary or any financial intermediary standing between such investor and the underlying Bonds and, the Bonds Register, (B) whether a Central Securities Depository or its successor, and each other securities intermediary, if any, standing between such Person and the underlying Bonds and, the Bonds Register, is required to enforce the payment and other terms of the Bonds against the Issuer or to put its accountholders in a position to do so directly and (C) whether such Person’s financial intermediary and each financial intermediary, if any, standing between such Person and the underlying Bonds and, the Bonds Register, is required to pass on to such Person the benefits of ownership of any Bonds.

 

13.3 Right to Obtain Individual Certificates in Exchange for the Global Bond Certificate

 

Except as described in this Section 13.3, the Global Bond Certificate will not be exchangeable for individual certificates each evidencing a single Bond or less than the entire issue of the Bonds. Subject to the foregoing sentence, if (A) a Central Securities Depository or its successor notifies the Issuer that it is unwilling or unable to continue as depository and a successor depository is not appointed within 14 days, (B) an Event of Default shall have occurred and the maturity of the Bonds shall have been accelerated in accordance with the terms of the Bonds or (C) the Issuer shall have decided in its sole discretion that the Bonds should no longer be evidenced solely by the Global Bond Certificate, then upon having prepared a deed or deeds with a fixed date, governed by Dutch law, between the relevant Bondholder, the relevant Central Securities Depository and the relevant accountholders of such Central Securities Depository with an interest in such Bonds:

 

(a) the Issuer will promptly and in any event not later than 10 Business Days thereafter cause individual certificates each evidencing a single Bond or such other number of Bonds as specified by the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors to be duly executed, authenticated and delivered to the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors and, registered in the name of the relevant Central Securities Depository or its nominee, against surrender of the Global Bond Certificate by the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors;

 

 

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(b) notwithstanding any other provision of these Conditions or the Agency Agreement, the individual certificates so delivered to the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors may be delivered by them to their respective accountholders in such amounts as shall correspond to the amount of Bonds credited to the accounts of such accountholders on the records of the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors at the time of such delivery and, the Issuer will register the Bonds evidenced by such individual certificates in such names and amounts as the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors shall specify to the Issuer or the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, which specification shall serve as notification of transfer (mededeling); and

 

(c) if for any reason individual certificates are not issued, authenticated and delivered to the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors in accordance with Sections 13.3(a) and 13.3(b) above, then:

 

(i) each Central Securities Depository or its respective successor may provide to each of its accountholders a statement of each accountholder’s interest in the Bonds evidenced by the Global Bond Certificate held by such Central Securities Depository or its successor, together with a copy of the Global Bond Certificate; and

 

(ii) notwithstanding any other provision of these Conditions or of the Agency Agreement, each such accountholder or its successors and assigns without prejudice to Section 10 above, (x) shall have a claim, directly against the Issuer, for the payment of any amount due or to become due in respect of such accountholder’s interest in the Bonds evidenced by the Global Bond Certificate, and shall be empowered to bring any claim, to the extent of such accountholder’s interest in the Bonds evidenced by the Global Bond Certificate and to the exclusion of such Central Securities Depository or its successor, that as a matter of law could be brought by the holder of the Global Bond Certificate and the Person in whose name the Bonds are registered and (y) may, without the consent and to the exclusion of such Central Securities Depository or its successor, file any claim, take any action or institute any proceeding, directly against the Issuer, to compel the payment of such amount or enforce any such rights, as fully as though the interest of such accountholder in the Bonds evidenced by the Global Bond Certificate were evidenced by an individual certificate in such accountholder’s actual possession and as if an amount of Bonds equal to such accountholder’s stated interest were registered in such accountholder’s name and without the need to produce the Global Bond Certificate in its original form. This Section 13.3(c)(ii) constitutes an unconditional and irrevocable third party stipulation (derdenbeding, as used in Article 6:253 of The Netherlands Civil Code).

 

For purposes of this Section 13.3, the account records of a Central Securities Depository or its successor will, in the absence of manifest error, be conclusive evidence of the identity of each accountholder that has any interest in the Bonds evidenced by the Global Bond Certificate held by such Central Securities Depository or its successor and the amount of such interest. Individual certificates will be issued in denominations of €100,000 of that amount and, when delivered against surrender of such Global Bond Certificate shall be issued in registered form without coupons.

 

 

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13.4 Direct Holding System

 

Subject to Section 13.2, if the Global Bond Certificate is exchanged for individual certificates each evidencing a single Bond or less than the entire issue of Bonds, then:

 

(a) the Issuer and the Trustee will have the right to treat each Bondholder as the holder and Person exclusively entitled to receive interest and other payments or property in respect of or in exchange for the Bonds, including the Shares, and otherwise to exercise all the rights and powers with respect to any Bond;

 

(b) the obligation of the Issuer to make payments of interest and principal and other amounts with respect to the Bonds shall be discharged at the time payment in the appropriate amount is made in accordance with the Agency Agreement to each Bondholder; and

 

(c) the obligation of the Issuer to deliver Shares upon the exercise by any Bondholder of any Conversion Rights shall be discharged at the time the Shares are delivered to such Bondholder in accordance with Section 5.3.

 

13.5 Lost, Stolen or Mutilated Certificates

 

In case any certificate evidencing one or more Bonds shall become mutilated, defaced or apparently destroyed, lost or stolen, the Issuer may execute, and, upon the request of the Issuer, the Registrar shall authenticate and deliver, a new certificate evidencing such Bonds, bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding, in exchange and substitution for the mutilated or defaced certificate evidencing such Bonds or in lieu of and in substitution for the apparently destroyed, lost or stolen certificate evidencing such Bonds. In every case the applicant for a substitute certificate evidencing such Bonds shall furnish to the Issuer and to the Registrar such security or indemnity as may be required by them to indemnify and defend and to save each of them and any agent of the Issuer or the Registrar harmless and, in every case of destruction, loss or theft, evidence to their satisfaction of the apparent destruction, loss or theft of such certificate evidencing such Bonds and of the ownership thereof. Upon the issuance of any substitute certificate evidencing such Bonds, the Issuer may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Registrar) connected therewith together with such indemnity or security as is reasonably required by the Issuer and the Registrar.

 

14 Definitions

 

As used herein, the following capitalised terms have the meanings set forth below:

 

Additional Shares” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(j)

 

Agency Agreement” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Agents” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Bond Market Price” means, in respect of any Trading Day, as determined by an Independent Financial Adviser, the arithmetic average of the Mid-Market Bond Prices in respect of such Trading Day from at least three Leading Institutions as such Independent Financial Adviser shall consider appropriate (or such lesser number of such Leading Institutions (if any) as such Independent Financial Adviser is able to obtain a Mid-Market Bond Price from), provided that where such Independent Financial Adviser is able to obtain only one such Mid-Market Bond Price, the Bond Market Price shall be such Mid-Market Bond Price, and provided further that where such Independent Financial Adviser is not able to obtain any Mid-Market Bond Price, the Bond Market Price shall be considered (by such Independent Financial Adviser in making its determination) not to be available in respect of such Trading Day.

 

Bondholder” means any Person who is registered as the owner of such Bonds on the Bonds Register.

 

Bonds” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

 

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Bonds Register” means the register of the Bonds maintained by the Registrar to register ownership of the Bonds.

 

Business Day” means a calendar day other than a Saturday or a Sunday which in Amsterdam is neither a public holiday nor a calendar day on which banking institutions are closed and, in the case of payments in euro, on which the TARGET System is open and, in the case of surrender of a certificate evidencing a Bond, in the place where such certificate is surrendered.

 

Calculation Agent” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Capital Markets Indebtedness” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.2.

 

cash” includes any promise or undertaking to pay cash or any release or extinguishment of, or set-off against, a liability to pay a cash amount.

 

Cash Alternative Amount” means, in respect of any exercise of Investor Cash Settlement Rights, an amount (rounded to nearest €0.01, with €0.005 rounded upwards) calculated by the Calculation Agent in accordance with the following formula and which shall be payable by the Issuer to a Bondholder in respect of the Reference Shares:

 

 


where:

 

CAA = the Cash Alternative Amount;

 

  S = the Reference Shares;
       
  Pn =

the Volume Weighted Average Price of a Share on the nth Trading Day of the Cash Alternative Calculation Period translated, if not in euro, into euro at the Prevailing Rate on such Trading Day; and

       
  N = 25, being the number of Trading Days in the Cash Alternative Calculation Period,

 

provided that:

 

(a) if any dividend or other entitlement in respect of the Shares is announced, whether on or prior to or after the relevant Conversion Date in circumstances where the record date or other due date for the establishment of entitlement in respect of such dividend or other entitlement shall be on or after the relevant Conversion Date and if on any Trading Day in the Cash Alternative Calculation Period the Volume Weighted Average Price determined as provided above is based on a price ex-such dividend or ex-such other entitlement, then such Volume Weighted Average Price shall be increased by an amount equal to the Fair Market Value of any such dividend or other entitlement per Share as at the Ex-Date in respect of such dividend or entitlement, determined on a gross basis and disregarding any withholding or deduction required to be made for or on account of tax, and disregarding any associated tax credit, all as determined by the Calculation Agent (provided that if such Fair Market Value as aforesaid is not (but for the operation of this proviso) capable of being determined in accordance with these Conditions on or before the date falling two Business Days prior to the day on which the Cash Alternative Amount is to be paid in accordance with these Conditions, the relevant Volume Weighted Average Price as aforesaid shall be adjusted in such manner as shall be determined by an Independent Financial Adviser by no later than such date as aforesaid);

 

 

53

 

(b) if any Adjustment Event is announced, whether on or prior to or after the relevant Conversion Date in circumstances where the Deemed Record Date in respect thereof shall be prior to the relevant Conversion Date but the relevant adjustment to the Conversion Price is not yet in effect on the relevant Conversion Date, and if any Trading Day in the Cash Alternative Calculation Period falls on or after the Deemed Ex-Date in respect of such Adjustment Event, then the Volume Weighted Average Price on any such Trading Day shall be divided by the adjustment factor subsequently determined by the Calculation Agent to be applicable in respect of the relevant Conversion Price adjustment (provided that if such adjustment factor is not (but for the operation of this proviso) capable of being determined in accordance with these Conditions on or before the date falling two Business Days prior to the day on which the Cash Alternative Amount is to be paid in accordance with these Conditions, such adjustment factor shall (solely for the purpose of this definition) be determined by an Independent Financial Adviser by no later than such date as aforesaid); and

 

(c) if any doubt shall arise as to the calculation of the Cash Alternative Amount or if such amount cannot be determined as provided above, the Cash Alternative Amount shall be equal to such amount as is determined in such other manner as an Independent Financial Adviser shall consider in good faith to be appropriate to give the intended result.

 

Cash Alternative Calculation Period” means, in respect of any exercise of Investor Cash Settlement Rights, the period of 25 consecutive Trading Days commencing on the second Trading Day following the Conversion Date.

 

Cash or Stock Dividend” means (i) any dividend or distribution paid or payable solely in cash on a Share, and (ii) any dividend or distribution which shall be treated to be paid or payable in cash on a Share pursuant to the following provisions:

 

(a) (i) where a dividend or distribution in cash is announced which is to be, or may at the election of a holder or holders of a Share be, satisfied by the issue or delivery of Shares or other property or assets; or

 

(ii) where a capitalisation of profits or reserves is announced which is to be, or may at the election of a holder or holders of a Share be, satisfied by the payment of cash,

 

then the dividend, distribution or capitalisation in question shall be treated as a dividend or distribution in cash of an amount equal to the greater of:

 

(x) the Fair Market Value of such cash amount as at the Ex-Date in relation to such dividend or distribution; and

 

(y) the Current Market Price of such Shares, or, as the case may be, the Fair Market Value of such other property or assets, as at the Ex-Date in relation to such dividend or distribution or capitalisation or, in any such case, if later, the date on which the number of Shares (or amount of such other property or assets, as the case may be) which may be issued or delivered is determined; or

 

(b) where there shall be (other than in the circumstances the subject of paragraph (a) above) any issue of Shares by way of capitalisation of profits or reserves where such issue is expressed to be, or in lieu of, a dividend or distribution in cash (whether or not a cash dividend or distribution equivalent or amount is announced or would otherwise be payable to holders of the Shares, whether at their election or otherwise), then the issue in question shall be treated as a dividend or distribution in cash of an amount equal to the Current Market Price of such Shares as at the Ex-Date in respect of such dividend or entitlement in relation to such issue or, if later, the date on which the number of Shares to be issued is determined.

 

Central Securities Depositories” has the meaning set forth in Section 13.1.

 

 

54

 

A “Change of Control” shall occur if a person or persons acting together acquires or acquire directly or indirectly (i) more than 50 per cent. of Voting Rights or (ii) the right to appoint and/or remove all or a majority of the members of the executive board (raad van bestuur) or supervisory board (raad van commissarissen) of the Issuer.

 

Change of Control Conversion Price” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(c).

 

Change of Control Notice” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.4.

 

Change of Control Period” means the period commencing on the occurrence of a Change of Control and ending 60 calendar days following the Change of Control or, if later, 60 calendar days following the date on which a Change of Control Notice is given to Bondholders as required by Section 4.4.

 

Change of Control Put Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.4.

 

Change of Control Put Exercise Notice” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.4.

 

Closing Date” means 30 April 2020.

 

Closing Price” means, in respect of a Share, Security, Reclassified Security or, as the case may be, a Spin-off Security, option, warrant or other right or asset, on any Trading Day, the closing price of a Share, Security, Reclassified Security, or, as the case may be, a Spin-off Security, option, warrant or other right or asset published by or derived from Bloomberg page HP (setting “Last Price”, or any other successor setting and using values not adjusted for any event occurring after such Trading Day; and for the avoidance of doubt, all values will be determined with all adjustment settings on the DPDF Page, or any successor or similar setting, switched off) in respect of such Share, Security, Reclassified Security, Spin-off Security, options, warrants or other rights or assets and such Relevant Exchange (and for the avoidance of doubt such Bloomberg page for the Shares as at the Closing Date is TKWY NA Equity HP) if any, or, in any other case, such other pricing source (if any) as shall be determined to be appropriate by an Independent Financial Adviser on such Trading Day and translated, if not in the Relevant Currency, into the Relevant Currency at the Prevailing Rate on such Trading Day, provided that if on any such Trading Day (for the purpose of this definition, the “Original Date”) such price is not available or cannot otherwise be determined as provided above, the Closing Price of a Share, Security, Reclassified Security, a Spin-off Security, option, warrant or other right or asset, as the case may be, in respect of such Trading Day shall be the Closing Price, determined as provided above, on the immediately preceding Trading Day on which the same can be so determined, and further provided that if such immediately preceding Trading Day falls prior to the fifth day before the Original Date, an Independent Financial Adviser shall determine the Closing Price in respect of the Original Date in good faith, all as determined by (where specifically provided above) an Independent Financial Adviser or (in any other case) the Calculation Agent.

 

Combined Consideration” means New Securities in combination with Other Consideration.

 

Conditions” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.2.

 

Conversion Agent” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Conversion Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.2.

 

Conversion Notice” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.2.

 

Conversion Period” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.1.

 

Conversion Price” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.1.

 

Conversion Rights” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.1.

 

 

55

 

Current Market Price” means, in respect of a Share at a particular date, the arithmetic average of the daily Volume Weighted Average Price of a Share on each of the five consecutive Trading Days ending on the Trading Day immediately preceding such date, as determined by the Calculation Agent, provided that:

 

(a) for the purposes of determining the Current Market Price pursuant to Section 5.4(a)(ii) or (iii) (and pursuant to Formulas 2 and 3 when used in the application thereof) in circumstances where the relevant event relates to an issue of Shares, if at any time during the said five Trading Day period (which may be on each of such five Trading Days) the Volume Weighted Average Price shall have been based on a price ex-dividend (or ex- any other entitlement) and/or during some other part of that period (which may be on each of such five Trading Days) the Volume Weighted Average Price shall have been based on a price cum-dividend (or cum- any other entitlement), in any such case which has been declared or announced, then:

 

(i) if the Shares to be so issued do not rank for the dividend (or entitlement) in question, the Volume Weighted Average Price on the dates on which the Shares shall have been based on a price cum-dividend (or cum- any other entitlement) shall for the purpose of this definition be deemed to be the amount thereof reduced by an amount equal to the Fair Market Value of any such dividend or entitlement per Share as at the Ex-Date in respect of such dividend or entitlement (or, where on each of the said five Trading Days the Volume Weighted Average Price shall have been based on a price cum-dividend (or cum-any other entitlement), as at the date of first public announcement of such dividend or entitlement), in any such case, determined by the Calculation Agent on a gross basis and disregarding any withholding or deduction required to be made on account of tax, and disregarding any associated tax credit; or

 

(ii) if the Shares to be so issued or transferred and delivered (if applicable) do rank for the dividend or entitlement in question, the Volume Weighted Average Price on the dates on which the Shares shall have been based on a price ex-dividend (or ex- any other entitlement) shall for the purpose of this definition be deemed to be the amount thereof increased by an amount equal to the Fair Market Value of any such dividend or entitlement per Share as at the Ex-Date in respect of such dividend or entitlement, in any such case, determined by the Calculation Agent on a gross basis and disregarding any withholding or deduction required to be made for or on account of tax, and disregarding any associated tax credit; and

 

(b) if any day during the said five Trading Day period was the Ex-Date in relation to any dividend (or any other entitlement) the Volume Weighted Average Prices that shall have been based on a price cum- such dividend (or cum- such entitlement) shall for the purpose of this definition be deemed to be the amount thereof reduced by an amount equal to the Fair Market Value of any such dividend or entitlement per Share as at the Ex-Date in respect of such dividend or entitlement.

 

Deemed Ex-Date” means in respect of any Adjustment Event (i) the Ex-Date in relation to any Adjustment Event pursuant to Sections 5.4(a)(i), 5.4(a)(ii), 5.4(a)(iv), 5.4(a)(v), 5.4(a)(vi), 5.4(a)(viii), 5.4(a)(ix) or 5.4(a)(x) or (ii) the relevant date of first public announcement as referred to in Sections 5.4(a)(iii) or 5.4(a)(vii) (or the Trading Day immediately following the Expiration Time as referred to in Sections 5.4(a)(xi)) in respect of which an adjustment is required to be made to the Conversion Price pursuant to Sections 5.4(a)(iii) or 5.4(a)(vii) (or, as the case may be, Section 5.4(a)(xi)).

 

Deemed Record Date” means in respect of any Adjustment Event (i) the record date or other due date for the establishment of entitlement in respect of the relevant Adjustment Event pursuant to Sections 5.4(a)(i), 5.4(a)(ii), 5.4(a)(iv), 5.4(a)(v), 5.4(a)(vi), 5.4(a)(viii), 5.4(a)(ix) or 5.4(a)(x) or (ii) (in respect of any other Adjustment Event) the Deemed Ex-Date in respect thereof.

 

Delivery Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.3(c).

 

 

56

 

Dividend Determination Date” means the record date or other due date for establishment of entitlement in respect of the relevant Cash or Stock Dividend.

 

equity securities” means, in relation to any entity, its issued share capital, excluding any part of that capital which does not carry any right to participate beyond a specified amount in a distribution of dividends or assets.

 

euro” and “” means the currency introduced at the start of the third stage of European economic and monetary union pursuant to the Treaty establishing the European Community, as amended.

 

Euronext Amsterdam” means Euronext in Amsterdam, a regulated market of Euronext Amsterdam N.V. or any successor thereof.

 

Event of Default” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.

 

Ex-Date” means, in respect of any Cash or Stock Dividend, other dividend, distribution, entitlement, capitalisation, resignation, reclassification, sub-division, issue, offer, grant or other entitlement, the first date on which the Shares are traded ex- such relevant Cash or Stock Dividend, other dividend, distribution, entitlement, capitalisation, resignation, reclassification, sub-division, issue, offer, grant or other entitlement on the Relevant Exchange (or, in the case of a dividend which is a purchase or redemption of Shares (or, as the case may be, any depositary or other receipts or certificates representing Shares), the date on which such purchase or redemption is made).

 

Expiration Time” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(b).

 

Extraordinary Resolution” has the meaning set forth in the Trust Deed.

 

Fair Bond Value” means, as determined by an Independent Financial Adviser, the arithmetic average of (A) the Bond Market Price on each Trading Day comprised in the Fair Bond Value Calculation Period and on which such Bond Market Price is available, subject to such Bond Market Price being available in respect of a minimum of three Trading Days, or (B) (where (A) does not apply) in respect of each Trading Day comprised in the Fair Bond Value Calculation Period, the Bond Market Price on each Trading Day on which such Bond Market Price is available (if any) or (if no such Bond Market Price in available in respect of such Trading Day) the fair mid-market value as at the close of business on such Trading Day (as determined by such Independent Financial Adviser on the basis of a commonly accepted market valuation method and taking account of such factors as it considers appropriate) per €100,000 in principal amount of the Bonds.

 

Fair Bond Value Calculation Period” means the period of five consecutive Trading Days commencing on the second Trading Day following the date on which the Shareholder Event Notice is given to the Bondholders in accordance with Section 15.7.

 

Fair Bond Value Redemption Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.3.

 

Fair Bond Value Redemption Price” means an amount per Bond equal to the greater of (i) 102 per cent. of the principal amount of each Bond, together with accrued but unpaid interest to (but excluding) the Fair Bond Value Redemption Date and (ii) 102 per cent. of the Fair Bond Value, together with accrued but unpaid interest to (but excluding) the Fair Bond Value Redemption Date.

 

Fair Market Value” means, on any date (the “FMV Date”):

 

(a) in the case of a Cash or Stock Dividend, the amount of such Cash or Stock Dividend, as determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent;

 

(b) in the case of any other cash amount, the amount of such cash, as determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent;

 

 

57

 

(c) in the case of Securities (including Shares), Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets that are publicly traded on a Relevant Exchange of adequate liquidity (as determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent or an Independent Financial Adviser), the arithmetic mean of (i) in the case of Shares or (to the extent constituting equity securities) other Securities, Reclassified Securities or Spin-Off Securities, the daily Volume Weighted Average Prices of the Shares or such other Securities, Reclassified Securities or Spin-Off Securities and (ii) in the case of other Securities, Reclassified Securities or Spin-Off Securities (to the extent not constituting equity securities), options, warrants or other rights or assets, the Closing Prices of such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets, in the case of both (i) and (ii) during the period of five Trading Days on the Relevant Exchange for such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets commencing on such FMV Date (or, if later, the date (the “Adjusted FMV Date”) which falls on the first such Trading Day on which such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets are publicly traded, provided that where such Adjusted FMV Date falls after the fifth day following the FMV Date, the Fair Market Value of such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets shall instead be determined pursuant to paragraph (d) below, and no such Adjusted FMV Date shall be deemed to apply) or such shorter period as such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets are publicly traded, all as determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent;

 

(d) in the case of Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets that are not publicly traded on a Relevant Exchange of adequate liquidity (as aforesaid) or where otherwise provided paragraph (c) above to be determined pursuant to this paragraph (d), an amount equal to the fair market value of such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets as determined in good faith by an Independent Financial Adviser, on the basis of a commonly accepted market valuation method and taking account of such factors as it (acting reasonably) considers appropriate, including the market price per Share, the dividend yield of an Share, the volatility of such market price, prevailing interest rates and the terms of such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets, and including as to the expiry date and exercise price (if any) thereof.

 

Such amounts shall, if necessary, be translated into the Relevant Currency (if not expressed in the Relevant Currency on the FMV Date (or, as the case may be, the Adjusted FMV Date)) at the Prevailing Rate on the FMV Date (or, as the case may be, the Adjusted FMV Date), all as determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent. In addition, in the case of (i) and (ii) above, the Fair Market Value shall be determined on a gross basis and disregarding any withholding or deduction required to be made for or on account of tax, and disregarding any associated tax credit.

 

Further Bonds” means any further Bonds issued pursuant to Section 15.6 and consolidated and forming a single series with the then outstanding Bonds.

 

Global Bond Certificate” has the meaning set forth in Section 13.1.

 

indebtedness” shall be construed so as to include any obligation for the payment or repayment of money, whether present or future, actual or contingent.

 

Independent Financial Adviser” means an independent institution with appropriate expertise, which may be the initial Calculation Agent, appointed by the Issuer (other than where the initial Calculation Agent is appointed) in consultation with the Calculation Agent and (other than where the initial Calculation Agent is appointed) approved in writing by the Trustee or, if the Issuer fails to make such appointment and such failure continues for a reasonable period (as determined by the Trustee in its sole discretion) and the Trustee is indemnified and/or secured and/or prefunded to its satisfaction against the costs, fees and expenses of such adviser and otherwise in connection with such appointment, appointed by the Trustee (without liability for so doing) following notification to the Issuer.

 

 

58

 

Interest Payment Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.2.

 

Interest Period” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.2.

 

Investor Cash Settlement Right” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.1.

 

Judgment Currency” has the meaning set forth in Section 15.4.

 

Leading Institution” means an investment bank or any other bank or financial institution of recognised standing which is a leading European convertible bond dealer or a market maker in pricing European corporate convertible bond issues.

 

Long Stop Date” means 30 July 2020.

 

a “Material Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary:

 

(a) whose (i) total assets or (ii) total revenues (consolidated in the case of a Subsidiary which itself has subsidiaries) represent five per cent. or more of the consolidated total assets of the Issuer and its Subsidiaries or, as the case may be, consolidated total revenues of the Issuer and its Subsidiaries, in each case as calculated by reference to the then latest audited financial statements of such Subsidiary (consolidated or, as the case may be, unconsolidated) and the then latest audited consolidated financial statements of the Issuer provided that:

 

(i) in the case of a Subsidiary acquired or an entity which becomes a Subsidiary after the end of the financial period to which the then latest audited consolidated financial statements of the Issuer relate, the reference to the then latest audited consolidated financial statements of the Issuer for the purposes of the calculation of the above shall until the consolidated audited financial statements of the Issuer are published for the financial period in which the acquisition is made or, as the case may be, in which such entity becomes a Subsidiary, be deemed to be a reference to the then latest consolidated financial statements of the Issuer adjusted in such manner as may be deemed appropriate by the Issuer to consolidate the latest audited financial statements (consolidated or, as the case may be, unconsolidated) of such Subsidiary in such financial statements;

 

(ii) if, in the case of any Subsidiary, no audited financial statements (consolidated or, as the case may be, unconsolidated) are prepared, then the determination of whether or not such Subsidiary is a Material Subsidiary shall be determined by reference to its unaudited annual financial statements (if any) or on the basis of pro forma financial statements (in each case consolidated or, as the case may be, unconsolidated); and

 

(iii) if the latest financial statements of any Subsidiary are not prepared on the basis of the same accounting principles, policies and practices of the latest consolidated audited financial statements of the Issuer, then the determination of whether or not such Subsidiary is a Material Subsidiary shall be based on pro forma financial statements or, as the case may be, consolidated financial statements of such Subsidiary prepared on the basis of same accounting principles, policies and practices as adopted in the latest consolidated audited financial statements of the Issuer, or on an appropriate restatement of or adjustment to the relevant financial statements of such Subsidiary; or

 

(b) to which is transferred all or substantially all of the business, undertaking and assets of a Subsidiary which immediately prior to such transfer is a Material Subsidiary, whereupon the transferor Subsidiary shall immediately cease to be a Material Subsidiary and the transferee Subsidiary shall immediately cease to be a Material Subsidiary under the provisions of this sub-paragraph (b) upon publication of its next audited financial statements but so that such transferor Subsidiary or such transferee Subsidiary may be a Material Subsidiary on or at any time after the date on which such audited financial statements have been published by virtue of the provisions of sub-paragraph (a) above or (as a result of another transfer to which this sub-paragraph (b) applies) before, on or at any time after such date by virtue of the provisions of this sub-paragraph (b).

 

 

59

 

Maturity Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Merger Date” means, in respect of any Merger Event, the date on which all holders of the Shares (other than, in the case of a takeover offer, any Shares owned or controlled by the offeror) have agreed or irrevocably become obligated to transfer their Shares.

 

Merger Event” means any (i) consolidation, amalgamation or merger of the Issuer with or into another entity (other than a consolidation, amalgamation or merger where the Issuer is the continuing entity) or (ii) a statutory split up (other than a Spin-off Event).

 

Mid-Market Bond Price” means, in respect of any Trading Day and from any Leading Institution, the average of the prices (per €100,000 in principal amount of the Bonds) provided by such Leading Institution for (x) the purchase by such Leading Institution (bid price), and (y) the purchase from such Leading Institution (ask price), in each case in respect of the Bonds as at the close of business on such Trading Day, all as determined by an Independent Financial Adviser.

 

New Securities” means equity securities (whether of the Issuer or a third party) which are publicly traded on a Recognised Exchange.

 

Optional Redemption Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.1.

 

Optional Redemption Notice” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.1.

 

Other Consideration” means cash, securities (other than New Securities) or other property (whether of the Issuer or a third party).

 

Parity Value” means, in respect of any Trading Day, the amount determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent and calculated as follows:

 

 

PV

 

where:

 

PV

 

N

 

=

 

 

 

=

 

=

 

N x VWAP

 

 

 

the Parity Value.

 

€100,000 divided by the Conversion Price in effect on such Trading Day, provided that if (A) such Trading Day falls on or after the Deemed Ex-Date in respect of an Adjustment Event, and (B) such adjustment is not yet in effect on such Trading Day, the Conversion Price in effect on such Trading Day shall for the purpose of this definition only be multiplied by the adjustment factor subsequently determined by the Calculation Agent to be applicable in respect of the relevant Conversion Price adjustment.

     
  VWAP = the Volume Weighted Average Price of a Share on such Trading Day translated, if not in euro, into euro at the Prevailing Rate on such Trading Day.

 

Person” means an individual, a corporation, a limited liability company, a partnership, an association, a trust or any other entity or organisation, including a government or political subdivision or an agency or instrumentality thereof.

 

Physical Settlement Date” means the date specified as such in any Physical Settlement Notice, which shall be not earlier than 10 nor later than 20 Business Days after the date on which the Physical Settlement Notice is given.

 

 

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Physical Settlement Notice” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.1.

 

Prevailing Rate” means in respect of any pair of currencies on any day, the spot mid-rate of exchange between the relevant currencies prevailing as at or about 12 noon (Amsterdam time) on that day (for the purpose of this definition, the “Original Date”) as appearing on or derived from Bloomberg page BFIX (or any successor page) in respect of such pair of currencies, or, if such a rate cannot be so determined, the rate prevailing as at 12 noon (Amsterdam time) on the immediately preceding day on which such rate can be so determined, provided that if such immediately preceding day falls earlier than the fifth day prior to the Original Date or if such rate cannot be so determined (all as determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent), the Prevailing Rate in respect of the Original Date shall be the rate determined in such other manner as an Independent Financial Adviser shall consider appropriate.

 

Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Purchased Shares” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(b).

 

Reclassification” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(a)(x).

 

Reclassified Securities” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(a)(x).

 

Recognised Exchange” means a regulated and regularly operating stock exchange.

 

Record Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.2(d).

 

Redemption Notice” means an Optional Redemption Notice, a Tax Redemption Notice or a Shareholder Event Notice.

 

Redemption Price” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1.

 

Reference Date” means, in relation to a Retroactive Adjustment, the date as of which the relevant Retroactive Adjustment takes effect or, in any such case, if that is not a Trading Day, the next following Trading Day.

 

Reference Shares” means, in respect of the exercise of Investor Cash Settlement Rights or Conversion Rights by a Bondholder, the number of Shares (rounded down, if necessary, to the nearest whole number of Shares) determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent by dividing the aggregate principal amount of the Bonds being the subject of the relevant exercise of Investor Cash Settlement Rights or Conversion Rights by the Conversion Price in effect on the relevant Conversion Date, except that where the Conversion Date falls on or after the date an adjustment to the Conversion Price takes effect pursuant to Sections 5.4(a)(i), (ii), (iv), (v), (vi), (viii), (ix) or (x) in circumstances where the relevant Delivery Date falls on or prior to the record date or other due date for establishment of entitlement in respect of the relevant event giving rise to such adjustment, then the Conversion Price in respect of such exercise shall be such Conversion Price as would have been applicable to such exercise had no such adjustment been made.

 

Relevant Currency” means, at any time, the currency in which the Shares are quoted or dealt in at such time on the Relevant Exchange.

 

Relevant Date” means, in respect of any Bond, whichever is the later of:

 

(i) the date on which payment in respect of it first becomes due; and

 

(ii) if any payment is improperly withheld or refused, the earlier of (a) the date on which payment in full of the amount outstanding is made or (b) the date falling seven days after the date on which notice is given to Bondholders that, upon further presentation of the Bond, where required pursuant to these Conditions, being made, such payment will be made, provided that such payment is in fact made as provided in these Conditions.

 

 

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Relevant Exchange” means:

 

(i) in respect of the Shares, Euronext Amsterdam or, if the Shares cease to be listed and admitted to trading on Euronext Amsterdam, the principal stock exchange or securities market on which the Shares are, at or following the time of such cessation, listed, admitted to trading or quoted or dealt in, and

 

(ii) in respect of any Securities (other than Shares), Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets, the principal stock exchange or securities market on which such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets are then listed, admitted to trading or quoted or dealt in,

 

where “principal stock exchange or securities market” shall mean the stock exchange or securities market on which such Shares, Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets are listed, admitted to trading or quoted or dealt in, provided that if such Shares, Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets are listed, admitted to trading or quoted or dealt in (as the case may be) on more than one stock exchange or securities market at such time, then “principal stock exchange or securities market” shall mean that stock exchange or securities market on which such Shares, Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets are traded at such time as determined by the Calculation Agent (if the Calculation Agent determines that it is able to make such determination) or (in any other case) by an Independent Financial Adviser by reference to the stock exchange or securities market with the highest average daily trading volume in respect of such Shares, Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets.

 

A “Retroactive Adjustment” shall occur if (i) the Delivery Date in relation to the conversion of any Bond shall be after the Deemed Record Date in respect of any Adjustment Event and (ii) the Conversion Date falls before the relevant adjustment to the Conversion Price becomes effective under Section 5.4(a).

 

Securities” means any securities including, without limitation, shares in the capital of the Issuer, or options, warrants or other rights to subscribe for or purchase or acquire shares in the capital of the Issuer.

 

Settlement Disruption Event” means an event beyond the control of the Issuer as a result of which any Central Securities Depository or any of their respective successors or any other central securities depository cannot settle the book-entry transfer of the Shares on such date.

 

Share Settlement Condition” means the approval at a Shareholders’ Meeting of the Shareholder Resolutions.

 

Shareholder Event Notice” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.3.

 

Shareholder Resolutions” means resolutions in respect of the designation of the management board of the Issuer to be the corporate body authorised to, subject to approval of the supervisory board of the Issuer, resolve on the issue of Shares and/or granting of rights to acquire Shares and the disapplication of pre-emptive rights in respect thereof to enable the issue of Shares in connection with the conversion of the Bonds.

 

Shareholders” means the holders of Shares.

 

Shareholders’ Meeting” means a general meeting of Shareholders.

 

Shares” means the ordinary shares in the capital of the Issuer with, as at the Closing Date, a nominal value €0.04 each.

 

Short Period” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.2.

 

Spin-off Event” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(a)(x).

 

Spin-off Securities” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(a)(x).

 

 

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Subsidiary” means a subsidiary (dochtermaatschappij) as defined in Section 2:24a of Book 2 of the Dutch Civil Code.

 

TARGET” means the Trans-European Automated Real-Time Gross Settlement Express Transfer System (known as TARGET 2) or any successor thereto.

 

TARGET System” means the Trans-European Automated Real-Time Gross Settlement Express Transfer (TARGET2) System.

 

Tax Redemption Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.2.

 

Tax Redemption Notice” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.2.

 

Taxing Jurisdiction” means, in respect of any entity, the jurisdiction in which it is resident for tax purposes generally or any political subdivision or territory or possession or taxing authority thereof or therein.

 

Trading Day” means any calendar day (other than a Saturday or Sunday) on which the Relevant Exchange is open for business and on which the Shares, other Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets (as the case may be) are capable of being dealt in (other than a day on which trading is scheduled to or does close prior to the regular closing time), provided that, unless otherwise specified or the context otherwise requires, a “Trading Day” shall be a Trading Day in respect of the Shares.

 

Trustee” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Volume Weighted Average Price” means, in respect of a Share, Security, Reclassified Security or, as the case may be, a Spin-Off Security, on any Trading Day, the volume weighted average price on such Trading Day on the Relevant Exchange of a Share, Security, Reclassified Security or, as the case may be, a Spin-Off Security, as published by or derived from Bloomberg page HP (or any successor page) (setting “Weighted Average Line”, or any other successor setting and using values not adjusted for any event occurring after such Trading Day; and for the avoidance of doubt, all values will be determined with all adjustment settings on the DPDF Page, or any successor or similar setting, switched off) in respect of such Share, Security, Reclassified Security or, as the case may be, Spin-Off Security and such Relevant Exchange (and for the avoidance of doubt such Bloomberg page for the Shares as at the Closing Date is TKWY NA Equity HP), if any or, in any such case, such other pricing source (if any) as shall be determined in good faith to be appropriate by an Independent Financial Adviser on such Trading Day and translated, if not in the Relevant Currency, into the Relevant Currency at the Prevailing Rate on such Trading Day, provided that if on any such Trading Day (for the purposes of this definition, the “Original Date”) such price is not available or cannot otherwise be determined as provided above, the Volume Weighted Average Price of a Share, Security, Reclassified Security or Spin-Off Security, as the case may be, in respect of such Trading Day shall be the Volume Weighted Average Price, determined as provided above, on the immediately preceding Trading Day on which the same can be so determined and further provided that if such immediately preceding Trading Day falls prior to the fifth day before the Original Date, an Independent Financial Adviser shall (acting reasonably) determine the Volume Weighted Average Price in respect of the Original Date in good faith, all as determined by (where specifically provided above) an Independent Financial Adviser or (in any other, case) the Calculation Agent.

 

Voting Rights” means the right generally to vote at a general meeting of shareholders of the Issuer (irrespective of whether or not, at the time, stock of any other class or classes shall have, or might have, voting power by reason of the happening of any contingency) or to elect the majority of the members of the board of management or supervisory board of the Issuer.

 

References to any issue or offer or grant to existing holders of Shares “as a class” shall be taken to be references to an issue or offer or grant to all or substantially all existing holders of Shares, other than those to whom, by reason of the laws of any territory or requirements of any recognised regulatory body or any other stock exchange or securities market in any territory or in connection with fractional entitlements, it is determined not to make such issue or offer or grant.

 

 

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15 Miscellaneous

 

15.1 Authentication

 

The Bonds evidenced by this certificate shall not become valid or obligatory until the certificate of authentication hereon shall have been duly signed by the Registrar acting under the Agency Agreement.

 

15.2 Repayment of Funds

 

All monies paid by the Issuer to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent or Conversion Agent for payment of principal or interest on any Bond which remain unclaimed at the end of two years after such payment has been made will be repaid to the Issuer and all liability of such Agent with respect thereto will cease, and, to the extent permitted by law, the Bondholders shall thereafter look only to the Issuer for payment as a general unsecured creditor thereof.

 

15.3 Prescription

 

Claims for payment on the Bonds which are not exercised within five years from the due date of the relevant payment will lapse and revert to the Issuer.

 

15.4 Indemnification of Judgment Currency

 

The Issuer will indemnify each Bondholder against loss incurred by such Bondholder as a result of any judgment or order being given or made for any amount due under the Bonds and such judgment or order being expressed and paid in a currency other than euro (the “Judgment Currency”) and as a result of any variation as between (i) the rate of exchange at which euro is converted into the Judgment Currency for the purpose of such judgment or order and (ii) the spot rate of exchange in euro at which the Bondholder on the date of payment of such judgment or order is able to purchase euro with the amount of the Judgment Currency actually received by the Bondholder.

 

15.5 Descriptive Headings

 

The descriptive headings appearing in these Conditions are for convenience of reference only and shall not alter, limit or define the provisions hereof.

 

15.6 Further Issues

 

The Issuer may from time to time without the consent of the Bondholders create and issue further bonds having the same terms and conditions in all respects as the outstanding Bonds or in all respects except for the amount and due date for first payment of interest on them and the first date on which Conversion Rights may be exercised and so that such further issue shall be consolidated and form a single series with the outstanding Bonds. Any further bonds forming a single series with the outstanding Bonds constituted by the Trust Deed or any deed supplemental to it shall, and any other notes, bonds or debentures may, with the consent of the Trustee, be constituted by a deed supplemental to the Trust Deed. The Trust Deed contains provisions for convening a single meeting of the Bondholders and the holders of notes, bonds or debentures of other series in certain circumstances where the Trustee so decides.

 

 

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15.7 Notices

 

(a) Notice to the Issuer

 

Any notice or demand to or on the Issuer may be given or served by being deposited in the mail, first class postage prepaid (if available), and addressed to:

 

Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V.

Oosterdoksstraat 80,

1011 DK Amsterdam

The Netherlands

 

Attention: Brent Wissink / Jitse Groen

 

or such other address as the Issuer may provide to the Bondholders, the Trustee and the Agents in writing.

 

(b) Notice to the Trustee

 

Any notice or demand to or on the Trustee may be given or served by being deposited in the mail, first class postage prepaid (if available), and addressed to:

 

Stichting Trustee Just Eat Takeaway.com

Hoogoorddreef 15

1101 BA

Amsterdam

The Netherlands

 

Attention: The Directors

 

or such other address as the Trustee may provide to a Bondholder, the Issuer or the Agents in writing.

 

(c) Notice to Agents

 

Any notice or demand to or on the Agents may be given or served by being deposited in the mail, first class postage prepaid (if available), and addressed to:

 

The Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent:

 

ABN AMRO Bank N.V.
Gustav Mahlerlaan 10

1082 PP Amsterdam

The Netherlands

 

Attention: Equity Capital Markets

 

The Registrar:

 

Bank of America Merrill Lynch International Designated Activity Company

Bank of America Merrill Lynch
Block D, Central Park
Leopardstown

D18 N924

Ireland

 

Attention: Asset Services, Common Depository/Registrar

 

or such other address as the Agents may provide to a Bondholder, the Issuer or the Trustee in writing.

 

 

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(d) Notice to Bondholders

 

Where these Bonds or the Trust Deed requires any notice to be given to a Bondholder then unless specified otherwise in these Conditions, such notice shall be given as follows: (A) (x) in the case of Bonds evidenced by the Global Bond Certificate on deposit with a Central Securities Depository, such notice shall be delivered in writing to such Central Securities Depository (and the date on which such notice is so delivered shall be the date on which such notice shall be deemed to have been given) and (y) in the case of Bonds evidenced by individual certificates in registered form, such notice shall be given by publication on the website of the Issuer (and the date on which such notice is so published shall be the date on which such notice shall be deemed to have been given), and (B) so long as the Bonds are listed on any stock exchange or trading platform (and the rules of that stock exchange or trading platform so require), published in a manner which complies with the rules and regulations of such stock exchange or trading platform) (and the date on which such notice is so published shall be the date on which such notice shall be deemed to have been given).

 

If any notice is required to be given more than once or on different dates pursuant to this Section 15.7(d), then such notice shall be deemed to have been given on the first date on which such notice is deemed to be given as provided above.

 

In addition, at the direction of the Issuer and if the Calculation Agent determines in its sole discretions it is able to do so, the Calculation Agent will request Bloomberg to publish the relevant notice on the relevant page for the Bonds (at the expense (if any) of the Issuer) for information purposes only.

 

15.8 Governing Law and Jurisdiction

 

The Bonds (including, for the avoidance of doubt, the second paragraph of this Section 15.8), the Trust Deed and the Agency Agreement, and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with them, shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the law of The Netherlands.

 

Any dispute in connection with or arising from the Bonds, the Trust Deed and the Agency Agreement or their implementation and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with them, will be exclusively decided by the competent courts of Amsterdam, The Netherlands, subject to the authority of the Trustee, if it considers this expedient, to agree to prorogation (prorogatie).

 

 

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SCHEDULE 2 

Form of Original Individual Certificate

 

On the front:

 

ISIN: XS2166095146

 

THE BONDS EVIDENCED BY THIS CERTIFICATE HAVE NOT BEEN AND WILL NOT BE REGISTERED UNDER THE U.S. SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”) OR WITH ANY SECURITIES REGULATORY AUTHORITY OF ANY STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF THE UNITED STATES, THE BONDS ARE BEING OFFERED AND SOLD OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES IN COMPLIANCE WITH REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT. THE BONDS MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD WITHIN THE UNITED STATES EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT. TERMS IN THIS LEGEND ARE USED AS USED IN REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT.

 

JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V. 

(a limited liability company (naamloze vennootschap) incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands with registered number 08142836)

 

€300,000,000 1.25 per cent. Senior Unsecured Convertible Bonds due 2026

 

This Bond is an Individual Certificate and forms part of a series designated as specified in the title (the “Bonds”) of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. (the “Issuer”) and constituted by the Trust Deed referred to on the reverse hereof. The Bonds are subject to, and have the benefit of, that Trust Deed and the terms and conditions (the “Conditions”) set out on the reverse hereof.

 

The Issuer hereby certifies that [●] is/are, at the date hereof, entered in the Bonds Register as the holder(s) of Bonds in the principal amount of €[●].

 

The Bonds evidenced by this Individual Certificate are convertible into ordinary shares of the Issuer (“Shares”) as provided in the Conditions. On the relevant Delivery Date, the Issuer will issue or transfer and deliver to the converting holder such number of Shares, or make payment to the relevant holder of the relevant cash amounts, all as specified in and subject to and in accordance with the Conditions and the Trust Deed.

 

This Individual Certificate is evidence of entitlement only. Title to the Bonds passes in accordance with the terms of the Agency Agreement and no transfer of the Bonds will be valid unless and until entered on the Bonds Register and only the duly registered holder is entitled to payments in respect of this Individual Certificate.

 

This Individual Certificate and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with it are governed by, and shall be construed in accordance with, Dutch law.

 

Capitalised terms not defined herein shall have the meaning ascribed thereto in the Trust Deed and the Conditions.

 

 

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In Witness whereof the Issuer has caused this Bond to be signed in facsimile on its behalf.

 

Dated ________

 

   

Authorised Signatory

 

For and on behalf of

 

JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V.

 

This Individual Certificate is authenticated without recourse, warranty or liability by or on behalf of the Registrar

 

BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL DESIGNATED ACTIVITY COMPANY

 

By: By:
   
Authorised Signatory Authorised Signatory

 

For use by the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent:

 

Following the exercise by the Issuer on ……………………. of its tax redemption option pursuant to Section 4.2 of the Conditions, a Bondholder’s Tax Redemption Notice was received by the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent on ………………….. in respect of the Bonds evidenced by this Individual Certificate. Accordingly, the provisions of Section 6 of the Conditions shall not apply in respect of any payment in respect of principal or interest to be made on such Bonds which falls due after the Tax Redemption Date specified in the Tax Redemption Notice.

 

 

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On the back:

 

Terms and Conditions of the Bonds

 

[THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS THAT ARE SET OUT IN SCHEDULE 1 TO THE TRUST DEED WILL BE SET OUT HERE]

 

Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent

 

ABN AMRO Bank N.V. 

Gustav Mahlerlaan 10 

1082 PP Amsterdam 

The Netherlands 

Email: as.exchange.agency@nl.abnamro.com 

Attention: AS Exchange Agency / Corporate Broking

 

Registrar

 

Bank of America Merrill Lynch International Designated Activity Company 

Bank of America 

Block D, Central Park 

Leopardstown 

D18 N924 

Ireland 

Email: common.depository@bankofamerica.com; ipa.europe@baml.com 

Attention: Asset Services

 

 

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Form of Transfer

 

FOR VALUE RECEIVED the undersigned hereby transfers to

 

   
   
   

 

(PLEASE PRINT OR TYPEWRITE NAME AND ADDRESS OF TRANSFEREE)

 

(not more than four names may appear as joint holders)

 

€[●] in principal amount of this Bond, and all rights in respect thereof, and irrevocably requests the Registrar to transfer such principal amount of this Bond on the books kept for registration thereof.

 

Dated    
     
Signed    

 

Notes:

 

(i) The signature to this transfer must correspond with the name as it appears on the face of this Bond.

 

(ii) A representative of the Bondholder should state the capacity in which he signs e.g. executor.

 

(iii) The signature of the person effecting a transfer shall conform to any list of duly authorised specimen signatures supplied by the registered holder or be certified by a recognised bank, notary public or in such other manner as the Registrar may require.

 

(iv) Any transfer of Bonds shall be in the minimum amount of €100,000.

 

(v) Transfer is effective only upon notification of the transfer having reached the Issuer or its agent for this purpose.

 

 

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SCHEDULE 3 

Form of Original Global Bond Certificate

 

THE BONDS EVIDENCED BY THIS CERTIFICATE HAVE NOT BEEN AND WILL NOT BE REGISTERED UNDER THE U.S. SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”) OR WITH ANY SECURITIES REGULATORY AUTHORITY OF ANY STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF THE UNITED STATES, THE BONDS ARE BEING OFFERED AND SOLD OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES IN COMPLIANCE WITH REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT. THE BONDS MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD WITHIN THE UNITED STATES EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT. TERMS IN THIS LEGEND ARE USED AS USED IN REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT.

 

ISIN: XS2166095146

 

JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V. 

(a limited liability company (naamloze vennootschap) incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands with registered number 08142836)

 

€300,000,000 1.25 per cent. Senior Unsecured Convertible Bonds due 2026

 

Global Bond Certificate

 

Registered Holder : Bank of America GSS Nominees Limited as nominee of Bank of America N.A., London Branch, as Common Depositary for Euroclear and Clearstream Luxembourg.
     
Address of Registered : 2 King Edward Street
Holder   London EC1A 1HQ
    United Kingdom

 

This Global Bond Certificate is issued in respect of the €300,000,000 1.25 per cent. Senior Unsecured Convertible Bonds due 2026 (the “Bonds”) of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. (the “Issuer”). This Global Bond Certificate certifies that the Registered Holder (as defined above) is registered as the holder of such nominal amount of the Bonds at the date hereof.

 

Interpretation and Definitions

 

References in this Global Bond Certificate to the “Conditions” are to the Terms and Conditions applicable to the Bonds (which are in the form set out in Schedule 1 to the Trust Deed dated 30 April 2020 between the Issuer and Stichting Trustee Just Eat Takeaway.com as Trustee, as such form is supplemented and/or modified and/or superseded from time to time, including by the provisions of this Global Bond Certificate, which in the event of any conflict shall prevail). Other capitalised terms used in this Global Bond Certificate shall have the meanings given to them in the Conditions or the Trust Deed.

 

Promise to Pay

 

The Issuer, for value received, promises to pay to the registered holder of the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate (subject to surrender of this Global Bond Certificate if no further payment falls to be made in respect of such Bonds) on the Maturity Date (or on such earlier date as the amount payable upon redemption under the Conditions may become payable in accordance with the Conditions) the amount payable upon redemption under the Conditions in respect of the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate and to pay interest in respect of such Bonds from 30 October 2020 in arrear at the rates, in the amounts and on the dates for payment provided for in the Conditions together with such other sums and additional amounts (if any) as may be payable under the Conditions, in accordance with the Conditions.

 

 

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For the purposes of this Global Bond Certificate, (a) the holder of the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate is bound by the provisions of the Trust Deed, (b) the Issuer certifies that the Registered Holder is, at the date hereof, entered in the Bonds Register as the holder of the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate, (c) this Global Bond Certificate is evidence of entitlement only, (d) title to the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate passes in accordance with the terms of the Agency Agreement and no transfer of the Bonds will be valid unless and until entered on the Bonds Register, and (e) only the holder of the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate is entitled to payments in respect of the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate.

 

Meetings

 

The holder of the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate shall (unless this Global Bond Certificate represents only one Bond) be treated as two persons for the purposes of any quorum requirements of a meeting of Bondholders.

 

Conversion

 

For so long as this Global Bond Certificate is held on behalf of any one or more of Euroclear, Clearstream, Luxembourg or an alternative clearing system, Conversion Rights and Investor Cash Settlement Rights may be exercised as against the Issuer in accordance with the Conditions by the delivery to or to the order of the Conversion Agent in accordance with the standard procedures of Euroclear, Clearstream, Luxembourg or the alternative clearing system of one or more Conversion Notices duly completed by or on behalf of a holder of a book-entry interest representing entitlements to the Global Bond Certificate. Upon exercise of Conversion Rights or Investor Cash Settlement Rights, the Registrar shall, or shall procure that, Schedule A hereto is annotated accordingly.

 

This Global Bond Certificate shall not become valid for any purpose until authenticated by or on behalf of the Registrar.

 

 

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In witness whereof the Issuer has caused this Global Bond Certificate to be signed on its behalf.

 

Dated ________ 2020

 

JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V.

 

By:

 

Authorised Signatory

 

 

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This Global Bond Certificate is authenticated by or on behalf of the Registrar.

 

BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL DESIGNATED ACTIVITY COMPANY

 

By:

 

Authorised Signatory

 

Authorised Signatory

 

For the purposes of authentication only.

 

 

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Schedule A 

Schedule of Reductions in Principal Amount of Bonds in respect of which this 

Global Bond Certificate is Issued

 

The following reductions in the principal amount of the Bonds in respect of which this Global Bond Certificate is issued have been made as a result of: (i) exercise of Conversion Rights or Investor Cash Settlement Rights attaching to the Bonds, or (ii) redemption of the Bonds, or (iii) purchase and cancellation of the Bonds or (iv) issue of Individual Certificates in respect of the Bonds:

 

Date of Conversion/Investor Cash Settlement Redemption/ Purchase and Cancellation/ Issue of Individual Certificates (stating which)   Amount of decrease in principal amount of this Global Bond Certificate (€)   Principal Amount of this Global Bond Certificate following such decrease (€)   Notation made by or on behalf of the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent

 

 

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SCHEDULE 4

 

Provisions for Meetings of Bondholders

 

1 In this Schedule the following expressions have the following meanings:

 

1.1 Electronic Consent” has the meaning set out in paragraph 19;

 

1.2 Extraordinary Resolution” means a resolution passed (i) at a meeting of Bondholders duly convened and held in accordance with these provisions by or on behalf of the Bondholder(s) of not less than 75 per cent. of the persons eligible to vote at such meeting, (ii) by a Written Resolution or (iii) by an Electronic Consent; and

 

1.3 Written Resolution” means a resolution in writing signed by or on behalf of Bondholders representing in aggregate not less than 75 per cent. in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding.

 

2             

 

2.1 A holder of a Bond in registered form may by an instrument in writing in the form available from any Agent in English signed by the holder or, in the case of a corporation, executed under its common seal or signed on its behalf by an attorney or a duly authorised officer of the corporation and delivered to any Agent not later than 48 hours before the time fixed for any meeting, appoint any person as a proxy to act on his or its behalf in connection with any meeting or proposed meeting of Bondholders.

 

2.2 A holder of a Bond (whether such Bonds are evidenced by a Global Bond Certificate or an Individual Certificate) in registered form which is a corporation may, by delivering to any Agent not later than 48 hours before the time fixed for any meeting a resolution in English of its directors or other governing body, authorise any person to act as its representative (a “representative”) in connection with any meeting or proposed meeting of Bondholders.

 

2.3 A proxy or representative so appointed shall so long as such appointment remains in force be deemed, for all purposes in connection with any meeting or proposed meeting of Bondholders specified in such appointment, to be the holder of the Bonds to which such appointment relates and the holder of the Bonds shall be deemed for such purposes not to be the holder.

 

3 Each of the Issuer and the Trustee at any time may, and the Issuer upon a request in writing of Bondholders holding not less than 10 per cent. in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding shall, convene a meeting of Bondholders. Whenever any such party is about to convene any such meeting, it shall forthwith give notice in writing to each other party of the day, time and place of the meeting and of the nature of the business to be transacted at it. Every such meeting shall be held at such time and place as the Trustee may approve.

 

4 At least 21 days’ notice (exclusive of the day on which the notice is given and of the day on which the meeting is held) specifying the day, time and place of meeting shall be given to the Bondholders. A copy of the notice shall in all cases be given by the party convening the meeting to each of the other parties. Such notice shall also specify the nature of the resolutions to be proposed.

 

5 A person (who may, but need not, be a Bondholder) nominated in writing by the Trustee may take the chair at every such meeting but if no such nomination is made or if at any meeting the person nominated shall not be present within 15 minutes after the time fixed for the meeting, the Bondholders present shall choose one of their number to be chairman, failing which the Issuer may appoint a chairman. The chairman of an adjourned meeting need not be the same person as was chairman of the original meeting.

 

 

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6 At any such meeting any one or more persons present in person holding Bonds or being proxies or representatives and holding or representing in the aggregate not less than 15 per cent. in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding shall (except for the purpose of passing an Extraordinary Resolution) form a quorum for the transaction of business and no business (other than the choosing of a chairman) shall be transacted at any meeting unless the requisite quorum be present at the commencement of business. The quorum at any such meeting for passing an Extraordinary Resolution shall (subject as provided below) be one or more persons present in person holding Bonds or being proxies or representatives and holding or representing in the aggregate a majority in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding; provided that at any meeting the business of which includes any of the matters specified in the proviso to paragraph 16, the quorum shall be one or more persons present in person holding Bonds or being proxies or representatives and holding or representing in the aggregate not less than two-thirds in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding, a holder of a Global Bond Certificate being treated as two persons.

 

7 If within 15 minutes from the time fixed for any such meeting a quorum is not present, the meeting shall, if convened upon the requisition of Bondholders, be dissolved. In any other case it shall stand adjourned (unless the Issuer and the Trustee agree that it be dissolved) for such period, not being less than 14 days nor more than 42 days, and to such place, as may be decided by the chairman. At such adjourned meeting one or more persons present in person holding Bonds or voting certificates or being proxies or representatives (whatever the principal amount of the Bonds so held or represented) shall form a quorum and may pass any resolution and decide upon all matters which could properly have been dealt with at the meeting from which the adjournment took place had a quorum been present at such meeting; provided that at any adjourned meeting at which is to be proposed an Extraordinary Resolution for the purpose of effecting any of the modifications specified in the proviso to paragraph 16, the quorum shall be one or more persons so present holding Bonds or being proxies or representatives and holding or representing in the aggregate not less than one-half in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding. If a quorum is not present within 15 minutes from the time fixed for a meeting so adjourned, the meeting shall be dissolved.

 

8 The chairman may with the consent of (and shall if directed by) any meeting adjourn such meeting from time to time and from place to place but no business shall be transacted at any adjourned meeting except business which might lawfully have been transacted at the meeting from which the adjournment took place.

 

9 At least 10 days’ notice of any meeting adjourned through want of a quorum shall be given in the same manner as for an original meeting and such notice shall state the quorum required at such adjourned meeting. It shall not, however, otherwise be necessary to give any notice of an adjourned meeting.

 

10 Every question submitted to a meeting shall be decided in the first instance by a show of hands and in case of equality of votes the chairman shall both on a show of hands and on a poll have a casting vote in addition to the vote or votes (if any) which he may have as a Bondholder or as a proxy or representative.

 

 

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11 At any meeting, unless a poll is (before or on the declaration of the result of the show of hands) demanded by the chairman, the Issuer, the Trustee or by one or more persons holding one or more Bonds or being proxies or representatives and holding or representing in the aggregate not less than one-fiftieth in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding, a declaration by the chairman that a resolution has been carried or carried by a particular majority or lost or not carried by any particular majority shall be conclusive evidence of the fact without proof of the number or proportion of the votes recorded in favour of or against such resolution.

 

12 If at any meeting a poll is so demanded, it shall be taken in such manner and (subject as provided below) either at once or after such an adjournment as the chairman directs and the result of such poll shall be deemed to be the resolution of the meeting at which the poll was demanded as at the date of the taking of the poll. The demand for a poll shall not prevent the continuation of the meeting for the transaction of any business other than the question on which the poll has been demanded.

 

13 Any poll demanded at any meeting on the election of a chairman or on any question of adjournment shall be taken at the meeting without adjournment.

 

14 The Issuer and the Trustee (through their respective representatives) and their respective financial and legal advisers may attend and speak at any meeting of Bondholders. No one else may attend at any meeting of Bondholders or join with others in requesting the convening of such a meeting unless he is the holder of a Bond or is a proxy or a representative of a Bondholder.

 

15 At any meeting on a show of hands every person who is present in person and who produces a Bond or is a proxy or a representative shall have one vote and on a poll every person who is so present shall have one vote in respect of each €100,000 in principal amount of the Bonds so produced or represented or in respect of which he is a proxy or a representative. Without prejudice to the obligations of proxies, any person entitled to more than one vote need not use all his votes or cast all the votes to which he is entitled in the same way.

 

16 A meeting of Bondholders shall, subject to the Conditions, in addition to the powers given above, but without prejudice to any powers conferred on other persons by this Trust Deed, have power exercisable by Extraordinary Resolution:

 

16.1 to sanction any proposal by the Issuer or the Trustee for any modification, abrogation, variation or compromise of, or arrangement in respect of, the rights of the Bondholders against the Issuer or against any of its property whether such rights shall arise under this Trust Deed, the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, or otherwise;

 

16.2 to sanction any scheme or proposal for the exchange, substitution or sale of the Bonds for, or the conversion of the Bonds into, or the cancellation of the Bonds in consideration of, shares, stock, notes, bonds, debentures, debenture stock and/or other obligations and/or securities of the Issuer or any other body corporate formed or to be formed, or partly for or into or in consideration of such shares, stock, notes, bonds, debentures, debenture stock and/or other obligations and/or securities as aforesaid;

 

16.3 to assent to any modification of this Trust Deed or the Conditions which shall be proposed by the Issuer or the Trustee;

 

 

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16.4 to authorise anyone to concur in and do all such things as may be necessary to carry out and to give any authority, direction or sanction which under this Trust Deed or the Bonds is required to be given by Extraordinary Resolution;

 

16.5 to appoint any persons (whether Bondholders or not) as a committee or committees to represent the interests of the Bondholders and to confer upon such committee or committees any powers or discretions which the Bondholders could themselves exercise by Extraordinary Resolution;

 

16.6 to approve a person proposed to be appointed as a new Trustee and to remove any Trustee; and

 

16.7 to discharge or exonerate the Trustee from any liability in respect of any act or omission for which it may become responsible under this Trust Deed or the Bonds,

 

provided that the special quorum provisions contained in the proviso to paragraph 6 and, in the case of an adjourned meeting, in the proviso to paragraph 7 shall apply in relation to any Extraordinary Resolution for the purpose of paragraph 16.2 and making any modification to the provisions contained in this Trust Deed or the Conditions which would have the effect of:

 

(i) changing the Maturity Date or the dates on which interest is payable in respect of the Bonds,

 

(ii) modifying the circumstances in which the Issuer or Bondholders are entitled to redeem the Bonds pursuant to Sections 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 or 4.4 of the Conditions (other than removing the right of the Issuer to redeem the Bonds pursuant to Sections 4.1 or 4.2 of the Conditions);

 

(iii) reducing or cancelling the principal amount of, or interest on, the Bonds or to reduce the amount payable on redemption of the Bonds;

 

(iv) modifying the basis for calculating the interest payable in respect of the Bonds;

 

(v) modifying the provisions relating to, or cancelling, Investor Cash Settlement Rights or Conversion Rights or the rights of Bondholders to receive Shares or a Cash Alternative Amount on exercise of Investor Cash Settlement Rights or Conversion Rights, as applicable, pursuant to the Conditions (other than a reduction to the Conversion Price);

 

(vi) increasing the Conversion Price (other than in accordance with the Conditions);

 

(vii) modifying the basis for calculating the Cash Alternative Amount;

 

(viii) changing the currency of the denomination of the Bonds or of any payment in respect of the Bonds;

 

(ix) changing the governing law of the Bonds, the Trust Deed or the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement;

 

(x) modifying the provisions concerning the quorum required at any meeting of Bondholders or the majority required to pass an Extraordinary Resolution; or

 

(xi) amending this proviso.

 

17 An Extraordinary Resolution passed at a meeting of Bondholders duly convened and held in accordance with this Trust Deed shall be binding upon all the Bondholders, whether or not present at such meeting and whether or not they vote in favour, and each of the Bondholders shall be bound to give effect to it accordingly. The passing of any such resolution shall be conclusive evidence that the circumstances of such resolution justify the passing of it.

 

 

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18 Minutes of all resolutions and proceedings at every such meeting shall be made and entered in the books to be from time to time provided for that purpose by the Issuer or the Trustee and any such minutes, if purporting to be signed by the chairman of the meeting at which such resolutions were passed or proceedings transacted or by the chairman of the next succeeding meeting of Bondholders, shall be conclusive evidence of the matters contained in them and until the contrary is proved every such meeting in respect of the proceedings of which minutes have been so made and signed shall be deemed to have been duly convened and held and all resolutions passed or proceedings transacted at it to have been duly passed and transacted.

 

19 Subject to the following paragraph, a Written Resolution may be contained in one document or in several documents in like form, each signed by or on behalf of one or more of the Bondholders.

 

For so long as the Bonds are in the form of a Global Bond Certificate registered in the name of a common depositary for Euroclear, Clearstream, Luxembourg or another clearing system, or a nominee of any of the above then, in respect of any resolution proposed by the Issuer or the Trustee:

 

(i) where the terms of the proposed resolution have been notified to the Bondholders through the relevant clearing system(s) as provided in sub-paragraphs (a) and/or (b) below, each of the Issuer and the Trustee shall be entitled to rely upon approval of such resolution proposed by the Issuer or the Trustee (as the case may be) given by way of electronic consents communicated through the electronic communications systems of the relevant clearing system(s) in accordance with their operating rules and procedures by or on behalf of the Bondholder(s) of not less than 75 per cent. in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding (the “Required Proportion”) (“Electronic Consent”) by close of business on the Relevant Date. Any resolution passed in such manner shall be binding on all Bondholders, even if the relevant consent or instruction proves to be defective. Neither the Issuer nor the Trustee shall be liable or responsible to anyone for such reliance;

 

(a) When a proposal for a resolution to be passed as an Electronic Consent has been made, at least 10 days’ notice (exclusive of the day on which the notice is given and of the day on which affirmative consents will be counted) shall be given to the Bondholders through the relevant clearing system(s). The notice shall specify, in sufficient detail to enable Bondholders to give their consents in relation to the proposed resolution, the method by which their consents may be given (including, where applicable, blocking of their accounts in the relevant clearing system(s)) and the time and date (the “Relevant Date”) by which they must be received in order for such consents to be validly given, in each case subject to and in accordance with the operating rules and procedures of the relevant clearing system(s).

 

 

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(b) If, on the Relevant Date on which the consents in respect of an Electronic Consent are first counted, such consents do not represent the Required Proportion, the resolution shall, if the party proposing such resolution (the “Proposer”) so determines, be deemed to be defeated. Such determination shall be notified in writing to the other party or parties to the Trust Deed. Alternatively, the Proposer may give a further notice to Bondholders that the resolution will be proposed again on such date and for such period as shall be agreed with the Trustee (unless the Trustee is the Proposer). Such notice must inform Bondholders that insufficient consents were received in relation to the original resolution and the information specified in sub-paragraph (a) above. For the purpose of such further notice, references to “Relevant Date” shall be construed accordingly.

 

For the avoidance of doubt, an Electronic Consent may only be used in relation to a resolution proposed by the Issuer or the Trustee which is not then the subject of a meeting that has been validly convened in accordance with paragraph 3 above, unless that meeting is or shall be cancelled or dissolved; and

 

(ii) where Electronic Consent is not being sought, for the purpose of determining whether a Written Resolution has been validly passed, the Issuer and the Trustee shall be entitled to rely on consent or instructions given in writing directly to the Issuer and/or the Trustee, as the case may be, by accountholders in the clearing system with entitlements to such Global Bond Certificate or, where the accountholders hold any such entitlement on behalf of another person, on written consent from or written instruction by the person for whom such entitlement is ultimately beneficially held, whether such beneficiary holds directly with the accountholder or via one or more intermediaries and provided that, in each case, the Issuer and the Trustee have obtained commercially reasonable evidence to ascertain the validity of such holding and have taken reasonable steps to ensure that such holding does not alter following the giving of such consent or instruction and prior to the effecting of such amendment. Any resolution passed in such manner shall be binding on all Bondholders, even if the relevant consent or instruction proves to be defective. As used in this paragraph, “commercially reasonable evidence” includes any certificate or other document issued by Euroclear, Clearstream, Luxembourg or any other relevant clearing system, and/or issued by an accountholder of them or an intermediary in a holding chain, in relation to the holding of interests in the Bonds. Any such certificate or other document shall, in the absence of manifest error, be conclusive and binding for all purposes. Any such certificate or other document may comprise any form of statement or print out of electronic records provided by the relevant clearing system (including Euroclear’s EUCLID or Clearstream, Luxembourg’s CreationOnline system) in accordance with its usual procedures and in which the accountholder of a particular principal or nominal amount of the Bonds is clearly identified together with the amount of such holding. Neither the Issuer nor the Trustee shall be liable to any person by reason of having accepted as valid or not having rejected any certificate or other document to such effect purporting to be issued by any such person and subsequently found to be forged or not authentic.

 

A Written Resolution and/or Electronic Consent shall take effect as an Extraordinary Resolution. A Written Resolution and/or Electronic Consent will be binding on all Bondholders, whether or not they participated in such Written Resolution and/or Electronic Consent.

 

 

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20 Subject to all other provisions contained in this Trust Deed the Trustee may without the consent of the Bondholders prescribe such further regulations regarding the holding of meetings of Bondholders and attendance and voting at them as the Trustee may in its sole discretion determine including particularly (but without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing) such regulations and requirements as the Trustee thinks reasonable:

 

20.1 so as to satisfy itself that persons who purport to requisition a meeting in accordance with paragraph 3 or who purport to make any requisition to the Trustee in accordance with this Trust Deed are in fact Bondholders; and

 

20.2 so as to satisfy itself that persons who purport to attend or vote at any meeting of Bondholders are entitled to do so in accordance with this Trust Deed.

 

21 Nothing in the Trust Deed shall prevent any of the proxies named in any form of proxy from being a director, managing director, officer or representative of, or otherwise connected with, the Issuer or any of its other Subsidiaries.

 

22 References in this Schedule to Agents shall, where the context requires, be taken to be references to Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent.

 

 

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SCHEDULE 5 

Form of Directors’ Certificate

 

[ON THE HEADED PAPER OF THE ISSUER]

 

To: Stichting Just Eat Trustee Takeaway.com

Hoogoorddreef 15 

1101 BA 

Amsterdam

 

[Date]

 

Dear Sirs

 

Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. 

€300,000,000 1.25 per cent. Senior Unsecured Convertible Bonds due 2026

 

This certificate is delivered to you in accordance with Clause 9.5 of the Trust Deed dated 30 April 2020 (the “Trust Deed”) and made between Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. (the “Issuer”) and Stichting Trustee Just Eat Takeaway.com (the “Trustee”). All words and expressions defined in the Trust Deed shall (save as otherwise provided herein or unless the context otherwise requires) have the same meanings herein. The undersigned, having made all reasonable enquiries to the best of their knowledge, information and belief, hereby confirms (but without any personal liability):

 

(a) As at [●]1, no Event of Default or Change of Control existed [other than [●]]2 and no Event of Default or Change of Control had existed at any time since [●]3 [the Certification Date (as defined in the Trust Deed) of the last certificate delivered under Clause 9.54]/[the date of this Trust Deed] [other than [●]]5; and

 

(a) From and including [●]3 [the Certification Date of the last certificate delivered under Clause 9.5]4/[the date of this Trust Deed] to and including [●]1, the Issuer confirms that there has been no breach in respect of its obligations under the Trust Deed [other than [●]]6 and that no Change of Control [other than [●]]7 has occurred.

 

For and on behalf of the Issuer

 

Executive Director

 

 
1 Specify a date not more than 5 days before the date of delivery of the certificate.

2 If any Event of Default or Change of Control did exist, give details; otherwise delete.

3 Insert date of Trust Deed in respect of the first certificate delivered under Clause 9.5, otherwise delete.

4 Include unless the certificate is the first certificate delivered under Clause 9.5, in which case delete.

5 If any Event of Default or Change of Control did exist, give details; otherwise delete.

6 If the Issuer has failed to comply with any obligation(s), give details; otherwise delete.

7 If a Change of Control has occurred, give details; otherwise delete.

 

 

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SIGNED by  
   
JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V.  
   
By: Brent Wissink
 
By: Chief Financial Officer
 
   
/s/ Brent Wissink  
   
Authorised Signatory

 

 

Signature page to Trust Deed

 


 

SIGNED by  
   
STICHTING TRUSTEE JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM  
   
By: IQ EQ Structured Finance B.V.  
   
/s/ P.M. Bazen  
   
Authorised Signatory
P.M. Bazen
Proxy Holder

 

 

Signature page to Trust Deed

 


 

SIGNED by  
   
STICHTING TRUSTEE JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM  
   
By:  
   
/s/ Heleen de Rijk
 
   
Authorised Signatory
Heleen de Rijk
Proxy Holder

 

 

Signature page to Trust Deed


 

 

 

 

Exhibit 4.5

 

EXECUTION VERSION

 

Dated 9 February 2021

 

JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V.

 

as Issuer

 

and

 

STICHTING TRUSTEE JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM II

 

as Trustee

 

TRUST DEED

 

constituting

€600,000,000 Zero Coupon Convertible Bonds due 2025

 

Linklaters

 

Ref: L-308478

 

Linklaters LLP

 

  1  

 

 

Table of Contents

 

  Contents Page
     
1 Interpretation 3
     
2 Amount of the Original Bonds and Covenant to pay 7
     
3 Form of the Original Bonds 8
     
4 Stamp Duties and Taxes 8
     
5 Further Issues 9
     
6 Application of Moneys received by the Trustee 10
     
7 Covenant to Comply 10
     
8 Covenants relating to Conversion Rights 11
     
9 Covenants 11
     
10 Remuneration and Indemnification of the Trustee 13
     
11 Proceedings and Actions by the Trustee 14
     
12 Trustee’s Rights and Obligations 15
     
13 Modification, Waiver and Proof of Default 20
     
14 Trustee not precluded from entering into Contracts 20
     
15 Appointment, Retirement and Removal of the Trustee: 21
     
16 Currency Indemnity 22
     
17 Communications 23
     
18 No rescission 23
     
19 Governing Law and Jurisdiction 23
     
20 Counterparts 24

 

SCHEDULE 1 Terms and Conditions of the Bonds 25
   
SCHEDULE 2 Form of Original Individual Certificate 60
   
SCHEDULE 3 Form of Original Global Bond Certificate 64
   
SCHEDULE 4 Provisions for Meetings of Bondholders 69
   
SCHEDULE 5 Form of Directors’ Certificate 76

 

  2  

 

  

This Trust Deed is made on 9 February 2021 between:

 

(1) JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V., a limited liability company (naamloze vennootschap) incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands, having its corporate seat (statutaire zetel) in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and its office at Oosterdoksstraat 80, 1011 DK Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and registered with the trade register of the chamber of commerce under number 08142836, as issuer (the “Issuer”); and

 

(2) STICHTING TRUSTEE JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM II, a foundation (stichting) incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands, having its corporate seat (statutaire zetel) in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, with its office at Hoogoorddreef 15, 1101 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and registered with the trade register of the chamber of commerce under number 81761201, as trustee (the “Trustee”, which expression shall, where the context so admits, include all persons for the time being the trustee or trustees of this Trust Deed).

 

Whereas:

 

(A) The Issuer has by resolutions of (i) its management board passed on 1 February 2021, (ii) its supervisory board passed on 1 February 2021 and (iii) the convertible pricing committee established by the management board passed on 2 February 2021, authorised the issue of two tranches of senior unsecured convertible bonds due 2025 (“Tranche A”) and due 2028 (“Tranche B”), Tranche A to be constituted by this Trust Deed and the issue of the Shares on conversion of the Bonds.

 

(B) The Trustee has agreed to act as trustee of this Trust Deed on the following terms and conditions.

 

This Deed witnesses and it is declared as follows:

 

1 Interpretation

 

1.1 Definitions: The following expressions shall have the following meanings:

 

Agents” means, in relation to the Original Bonds, the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, the Registrar and any other paying and conversion agent appointed pursuant to the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement (and “Agent” means any one of them) and, in relation to any Further Bonds, means any agent or registrar appointed in relation to them;

 

Bondholder” and “holder” mean, in relation to a Bond, the person in whose name the Bond is registered in the Bonds Register;

 

Bonds” means the Original Bonds and/or, as the context may require, any Further Bonds except that in Schedules 2 and 3 “Bonds” means the Original Bonds;

 

Bonds Register” has the meaning specified in Section 14 of the Conditions;

 

Business Day” means a calendar day other than a Saturday or a Sunday which in Amsterdam is neither a public holiday nor a calendar day on which banking institutions are closed;

 

Certification Date” has the meaning specified in Clause 9.5;

 

Clearstream, Luxembourg” means Clearstream Banking S.A.;

 

Conditions” means, in relation to the Original Bonds, the terms and conditions set out in Schedule 1 and, in relation to any Further Bonds, the terms and conditions relating to such

 

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Further Bonds (which may, for the avoidance of doubt, be the terms and conditions set out in Schedule 1) as any of the same may from time to time be modified in accordance with this Trust Deed, and, with respect to any Bonds evidenced by a Global Bond Certificate, as modified by the provisions of such Global Bond Certificate and references in this Trust Deed to a particular numbered Section of the Conditions shall be construed accordingly and, in relation to any Further Bonds, as a reference to the provision (if any) in the Conditions thereof which corresponds to the particular Section of the Conditions of the Original Bonds;

 

Consolidated Financial Statements” means the Issuer’s audited consolidated annual financial statements or its unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements, as the case may be, including the relevant accounting policies and notes to the accounts and in each case prepared in accordance with IFRS from time to time;

 

Contractual Currency” has the meaning specified in Clause 16.1;

 

Conversion Price” has the meaning specified in Section 5.1(a) of the Conditions;

 

Conversion Rights” has the meaning specified in Section 5.1(a) of the Conditions;

 

Euroclear” means Euroclear Bank SA/NV;

 

Event of Default” means any of the events described in Section 8 of the Conditions;

 

Extraordinary Resolution” has the meaning set out in Schedule 4;

 

Further Bonds” means any further Bonds issued in accordance with the provisions of Clause 5 and the Conditions and constituted by a deed supplemental to this Trust Deed;

 

Global Bond Certificate” means the Original Global Bond Certificate and/or as the context may require any other global bond certificate evidencing Further Bonds or any of them except that in Schedule 3 Global Bond Certificate means the Original Global Bond Certificate;

 

a “holding company” of a company or a corporation means any company or corporation of which the first mentioned company or corporation is a subsidiary;

 

IFRS” means the international accounting standards within the meaning of the IAS Regulation 1606/2002 to the extent applicable to the relevant financial statements, as amended;

 

Individual Certificates” means the Original Individual Certificates and/or as the context may require any other individual certificates evidencing Further Bonds or any of them;

 

Liability” and “Liabilities” mean any loss, damage, cost, charge, claim, demand, expense, judgment, action, proceeding or other liability whatsoever (including, without limitation, in respect of taxes, duties, levies, imposts and other charges) and including any value added tax or similar tax charged or chargeable in respect thereof and legal fees and expenses on a full indemnity basis;

 

Original Bonds” means the bonds in or substantially in the form set out in Schedule 2 comprising the €600,000,000 Zero Coupon Convertible Bonds due 2025 constituted by this Trust Deed and for the time being outstanding or, as the context may require, a specific number of them and includes any replacement Bonds issued pursuant to the Conditions and (except for the purposes of Clauses 3.1 and 3.2) the Global Bond Certificate;

 

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Original Bondholders” means, in relation to an Original Bond, the person in whose name the Original Bond is registered in the Bonds Register;

 

Original Individual Certificates” means those Original Bonds for the time being evidenced by definitive certificates in the form or substantially in the form set out in Schedule 2 and in accordance with Section 13.3 of the Conditions;

 

Original Global Bond Certificate” means the global bond certificate in registered form which will evidence the Original Bonds, substantially in the form set out in Schedule 3, and evidencing the registration of the person named therein in the Bonds Register;

 

outstanding” means, in relation to the Bonds, all the Bonds issued except (a) those which have been redeemed in accordance with the Conditions, (b) those in respect of which Conversion Rights have been exercised and all the obligations of the Issuer to issue or transfer and deliver Shares have been performed in relation thereto, (c) those in respect of which the date for redemption has occurred and the redemption moneys have been duly paid to the relevant Bondholder or on its behalf or to the Trustee or to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent as provided in Clause 2 and remain available for payment against surrender of Bonds (if so required), as the case may be, (d) those which have become void or those in respect of which claims have become prescribed, (e) those mutilated or defaced Bonds which have been surrendered in exchange for replacement Bonds (if so required), (f) those which have been purchased and cancelled as provided in the Conditions and (g) the Global Bond Certificate to the extent that it shall have been exchanged for interests in another Global Bond Certificate and any certificate to the extent that it shall have been exchanged for Individual Certificates pursuant to its provisions;

 

Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement” means, in relation to the Original Bonds, the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement dated on or about the date hereof, as altered from time to time, between the Issuer, the Trustee, the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, and the Registrar whereby the initial Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent and the Registrar were appointed in relation to the Original Bonds and includes any other agreements approved in writing by the Trustee (such approval not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed) appointing Successor Agents amending or modifying any of such agreements;

 

Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent” means, in relation to the Original Bonds, ABN AMRO Bank N.V. at its specified office, in its capacity as Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent (in respect of the Original Bonds) and, in relation to any Further Bonds, the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent appointed in respect of such Further Bonds and, in each case, any Successor Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent;

 

Proceedings” has the meaning specified in Clause 19.2;

 

Registrar” means Bank of America Europe Designated Activity Company at its specified office, in its capacity as Registrar and any Successor Registrar;

 

Shares” has the meaning specified in Section 14 of the Conditions;

 

specified office” means, in relation to any Agent, either the office identified with its name in Section 15.7 of the Conditions or any other office approved by the Trustee and notified to the Bondholders pursuant to Clause 9.11;

 

Subsidiary” has the meaning specified in Section 14 of the Conditions;

 

  5  

 

  

Successor” means, in relation to the Agents, such other or further person as may from time to time be appointed by the Issuer as an Agent with the prior written approval of, and on terms approved in writing by, the Trustee (such approval not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed) and notice of whose appointment is given to Bondholders pursuant to Clause 9.11; and

 

this Trust Deed” means this Trust Deed, the Schedules (as from time to time amended, modified and/or supplemented in accordance with this Trust Deed) and any other document executed in accordance with this Trust Deed (as from time to time so altered) and expressed to be supplemental to this Trust Deed.

 

1.2 Construction of Certain References:

 

References to:

 

1.2.1 costs, charges, remuneration or expenses shall include any value added tax, turnover tax or similar tax charged in respect thereof;

 

1.2.2 euro” and “” means the currency introduced at the start of the third stage of the European economic and monetary union pursuant to the Treaty establishing the European Community, as amended;

 

1.2.3 any action, remedy or method of judicial proceedings for the enforcement of rights of creditors shall include, in respect of any jurisdiction other than the Netherlands, references to such action, remedy or method of judicial proceedings for the enforcement of rights of creditors available or appropriate in such jurisdiction as shall most nearly approximate thereto;

 

1.2.4 any provision of any statute shall be deemed also to refer to any statutory modification or re-enactment thereof or any statutory instrument, order or regulation made thereunder or under such modification or re-enactment;

 

1.2.5 such approval not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed” or like references shall mean, when used in this Trust Deed, the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement or the Conditions, in relation to the Trustee that, in determining whether to give consent or approval, the Trustee shall have due regard to the interests of Bondholders and any determination as to whether or not its consent or approval is unreasonably withheld or delayed shall be made on that basis; and

 

1.2.6 references in this Trust Deed to “reasonable” or “reasonably” and similar expressions relating to the Trustee and any exercise of power, opinion, determination or other similar matter shall be construed as meaning reasonable or reasonably (as the case may be) having due regard to, and taking into account the interests of, the Bondholders.

 

1.3 Conditions: Words and expressions defined in the Conditions and not defined in the main body of this Trust Deed shall when used in this Trust Deed (including the recitals) have the same meanings as are given to them in the Conditions.

 

1.4 Headings: Headings shall be ignored in construing this Trust Deed.

 

1.5 Schedules: The Schedules are part of this Trust Deed and shall have effect accordingly.

 

1.6 Modification etc. of Statutes: References to a statutory provision include that provision as from time to time modified or re-enacted whether before or after the date of this Trust Deed.

 

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1.7 Certificates: Where a director of the Issuer is required pursuant to the provisions of this Trust Deed to sign a certificate, any such certificate shall be given for and on behalf of the Issuer and the relevant director shall have no personal liability therefor.

 

2 Amount of the Original Bonds and Covenant to pay

 

2.1 Amount of the Original Bonds: The aggregate principal amount of the Original Bonds is limited to €600,000,000.

 

2.2 Covenant to pay: Unless previously redeemed, converted, settled or purchased and cancelled as provided for in the Conditions, the Issuer will, on any date when any Original Bonds become due to be redeemed, in accordance with this Trust Deed or the Conditions, unconditionally pay (or procure to be paid) to or to the order of the Trustee in euro in same day funds the principal amount of the Original Bonds or such other amount as provided in the Conditions becoming due for redemption on that date provided that:

 

2.2.1 subject to the provisions of Clause 2.4, payment of any sum due in respect of the Original Bonds made to or to the account of the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent as provided in the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement shall, to that extent, satisfy such obligation except to the extent that there is failure in its subsequent payment to the relevant Original Bondholders under the Conditions; and

 

2.2.2 a payment made after the due date or pursuant to Section 8 of the Conditions will be deemed to have been made when the full amount due has been received by the Trustee or the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent and notice to that effect has been given to the Original Bondholders (if required under Clause 9.6), except to the extent that there is a failure in the subsequent payment to the relevant holders under the Conditions.

 

2.3 Discharge: Subject to Clause 2.4, any payment to be made in respect of the Bonds by the Issuer or the Trustee may be made as provided in the Conditions and any payment so made will (subject to Clause 2.4) to such extent be a good discharge to the Issuer or the Trustee, as the case may be.

 

2.4 Payment after a Default: At any time after an Event of Default has occurred, the Trustee may:

 

2.4.1 by notice in writing to the Issuer and the Agents, require the Agents (or any of them), until notified by the Trustee to the contrary, so far as permitted by any applicable law:

 

(i) to act as Agents of the Trustee under this Trust Deed and the Bonds on the terms of the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement (with consequential amendments as necessary and except that the Trustee’s liability for the indemnification, remuneration and expenses of the Agents will be limited to the amounts for the time being held by the Trustee in respect of the Bonds on the terms of this Trust Deed) and thereafter to hold all Bonds, cash and/or Shares received on conversion or redemption of the Bonds and all moneys, documents and records held by them in respect of Bonds to the order of the Trustee; or

 

(ii) to deliver all Bonds, cash and/or Shares received on conversion or redemption of the Bonds and all moneys, documents and records held by

  

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them in respect of the Bonds to the Trustee or as the Trustee directs in such notice, provided that such notice shall be deemed not to apply to any documents or records which the relevant Agent is obliged not to release by any law or regulation; and

 

2.4.2 by notice in writing to the Issuer, require the Issuer to make all subsequent payments in respect of the Bonds to, or to the order of, the Trustee and not to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent with effect from the issue of any such notice to the Issuer; and from then until such notice is withdrawn, proviso 2.2.1 to Clause 2.2 shall cease to have effect.

 

3 Form of the Original Bonds

 

3.1 The Original Global Bond Certificate: The Original Bonds will be evidenced by the Original Global Bond Certificate initially in the principal amount of €600,000,000 and the Issuer shall procure that appropriate entries be made in the Bonds Register by the Registrar to reflect the issue of such Original Bonds. The Original Global Bond Certificate will be delivered to and the Original Bonds registered in the name of a common depositary for Euroclear and Clearstream, Luxembourg. The Original Global Bond Certificate will be exchangeable for Original Individual Certificates in accordance with Section 13.3 of the Conditions.

 

3.2 The Original Individual Certificates: The Original Individual Certificates may be printed or typed and need not be security printed unless otherwise required by applicable stock exchange requirements. The Original Individual Certificates and Original Global Bond Certificate will be in or substantially in the respective forms set out in Schedules 2 and 3. Original Individual Certificates will be endorsed with the Conditions.

 

3.3 Signature: The Original Global Bond Certificate and any Original Individual Certificate (if issued) will be signed manually, in facsimile or electronically by a managing director of the Issuer and will be authenticated by or on behalf of the Registrar. The Issuer may use the manual, facsimile or electronic signature of any person who is at the date of this Trust Deed a managing director of the Issuer even if at the time of issue of any Original Bonds he no longer holds such office. Original Bonds (including the Original Global Bond Certificate) so executed and authenticated will be valid and binding obligations of the Issuer.

 

4 Stamp Duties and Taxes

 

4.1 Stamp Duties: The Issuer will pay any capital, stamp, issue, registration, transfer and other taxes and duties (excluding, for the avoidance of doubt, capital gains tax or similar taxes on gains or profits) payable (i) in the Netherlands, Belgium or Luxembourg on or in respect of the creation, issue and initial offering of the Bonds and the execution of this Trust Deed and (ii) in the Netherlands, or any jurisdiction in which the Issuer may be domiciled or resident or to whose taxing jurisdiction the Issuer may generally be subject or the jurisdiction where the Relevant Exchange is located, upon the issue or delivery of the Shares on conversion pursuant to the Conditions. The Issuer will also indemnify the Trustee and the Bondholders from and against all capital, stamp, issue, registration, transfer and other taxes (excluding, for the avoidance of doubt, capital gains tax or similar taxes on gains or profits) paid by any of them in any jurisdiction in relation to which the liability to pay arises directly as a result of any action taken by or on behalf of the Trustee

 

 

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or, as the case may be and where entitled under Section 10 of the Conditions to do so, the Bondholders to enforce the obligations of the Issuer under this Trust Deed or the Bonds.

 

4.2 Change of Taxing Jurisdiction: If the Issuer becomes subject generally to the taxing jurisdiction of any territory or any authority of or in that territory having power to tax other than or in addition to the Netherlands then the Issuer will (unless the Trustee otherwise agrees) give to the Trustee an undertaking satisfactory to the Trustee in terms corresponding to the terms of Section 6 of the Conditions with the substitution for, or (as the case may require) the addition to, the references in that Section to the Netherlands of references to that other territory or authority or additional territory or authority to whose taxing jurisdiction the Issuer has become so subject (provided that such undertaking shall be subject to such exceptions as reflect exceptions under the law of the relevant taxing jurisdiction and as are similar in scope and effect to those exceptions set out in Section 6 of the Conditions) and in such event this Trust Deed and the Bonds will be read accordingly.

 

5 Further Issues

 

5.1 Liberty to Create: The Issuer may, from time to time without the consent of the Bondholders, create and issue Further Bonds having the same terms and conditions in all respects (or in all respects except for the first date on which Conversion Rights may be exercised) as (i) the Original Bonds or (ii) any previously issued Further Bonds so that the same shall be consolidated and form a single series with the Original Bonds or any Further Bonds, or (in any case) upon such terms as to conversion, premium, redemption and otherwise as the Issuer may at the time of issue thereof determine.

 

5.2 Means of Constitution: Any Further Bonds created and issued pursuant to the provisions of Clause 5.1 so as to form a single series with the Original Bonds and/or the Further Bonds of any series shall be constituted by a deed supplemental to this Trust Deed and any other Further Bonds of any series created and issued pursuant to the provisions of Clause 5.1 may be so constituted. The Issuer shall, prior to the issue of any Further Bonds to be so constituted, execute and deliver to the Trustee a deed supplemental to this Trust Deed and containing a covenant by the Issuer in the form mutatis mutandis of Clause 2 of this Trust Deed in relation to such Further Bonds and such other provisions (corresponding to any of the provisions contained in this Trust Deed) as the Trustee shall require.

 

5.3 Notice of Further Issues: Whenever it is proposed to create and issue any Further Bonds, the Issuer shall give to the Trustee not less than 14 days’ notice in writing of its intention to do so, stating the principal amount of Further Bonds proposed to be created or issued. The Trustee shall keep this information confidential in accordance with Clause 12.2.13.

 

5.4 Separate Series: Any Further Bonds not forming a single series with the Original Bonds and/or previously issued Further Bonds of any series shall form a separate series and accordingly, unless for any purpose the Trustee in its absolute discretion shall otherwise determine, the provisions of Clauses 5 and 6.2 and Clauses 7 to 20 (inclusive) and Schedule 4 shall apply mutatis mutandis separately and independently to the Bonds of each such series and in such Clauses and Schedule the expressions “Bonds” and “Bondholders” shall be construed accordingly.

  

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6 Application of Moneys received by the Trustee

 

6.1 Application: All moneys received by the Trustee in respect of the Original Bonds and any Further Bonds forming a single series with the Original Bonds or amounts payable under this Trust Deed will, regardless of any appropriation of all or part of them by the Issuer, be applied by the Trustee (subject to Clause 6.2):

 

6.1.1 first, in payment of all fees, costs, charges, expenses and liabilities properly incurred by the Trustee (including remuneration and any indemnity amounts payable to it) and/or any agent or delegate appointed by the Trustee in carrying out its or their functions under this Trust Deed;

 

6.1.2 secondly, in payment of any amounts owing in respect of the Original Bonds and any Further Bonds forming a single series with the Original Bonds pari passu and rateably; and

 

6.1.3 thirdly, in payment of the balance (if any) to the Issuer for itself.

 

If the Trustee holds any moneys in respect of Original Bonds and any Further Bonds forming a single series with the Original Bonds which have become void or in respect of which claims have become prescribed under the Conditions, the Trustee will hold them in accordance with this Clause 6.1.

 

6.2 Accumulation: If the amount of the moneys at any time available for payment in respect of the Bonds under Clause 6.1 is less than 10 per cent. of the principal amount of the Bonds then outstanding, the Trustee may, at its discretion, invest such moneys. The Trustee may retain such investments and accumulate the resulting income until the investments and the accumulations, together with any other funds for the time being under the control of the Trustee and available for such payment, amount to at least 10 per cent. of the principal amount of the Bonds then outstanding whereupon such investments, accumulations and funds (after deduction of, or provision for, any applicable taxes) will be applied as specified in Clause 6.1.

 

6.3 Investment: Moneys held by the Trustee may be invested in the name, or under the control, of the Trustee in any investments or other assets anywhere, for the time being authorised by Dutch law, whether or not they produce income, or placed on deposit in the name or under the control of the Trustee at such bank or other financial institution and in such currency as the Trustee may, in its absolute discretion, think fit, whether or not such deposit carries negative interest or no interest at all. If that bank or institution is the Trustee or a subsidiary, holding company or associated company of the Trustee, it need only account for an amount of interest equal to the standard amount of interest payable by it on such a deposit to an independent customer. The Trustee may at any time vary or transpose any such investments or assets for or into other such investments or assets or convert any moneys so deposited into any other currency, and will not be responsible to any person whatsoever for any loss occasioned thereby, whether by depreciation in value, fluctuation in exchange rates, negative interest or otherwise.

 

7 Covenant to Comply

 

So long as any Bond remains outstanding, the Issuer hereby covenants with the Trustee that it will comply with and perform and observe all the provisions of this Trust Deed which are expressed to be binding on it. The Conditions shall be binding on the Issuer and the Bondholders. The Trustee shall be entitled to enforce the obligations of the Issuer under

 

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the Bonds and the Conditions as if the same were set out and contained in this Trust Deed which shall be read and construed as one document with the Bonds. The provisions contained in Schedule 1 shall have effect in the same manner as if herein set forth.

 

8 Covenants relating to Conversion Rights

 

So long as any Bond is outstanding, the Issuer hereby undertakes to and covenants with the Trustee that:

 

8.1 Conversion Rights: it will, save with the approval of an Extraordinary Resolution or with the approval of the Trustee where, in the Trustee’s opinion, it is not materially prejudicial to the interests of the Bondholders to give such approval, observe and perform all its obligations under the Conditions and this Trust Deed with respect to Conversion Rights.

 

8.2 Notices: it will:

 

8.2.1 Adjustment to Conversion Price: as soon as practicable after the announcement of the terms of any event giving rise to an adjustment of the Conversion Price, give notice to the Bondholders in accordance with Section 15.7 of the Conditions advising them of the date on which the relevant adjustment of the Conversion Price is likely to become effective and of the effect of exercising their Conversion Rights pending such date; and

 

8.2.2 Directors’ Certificate: upon the happening of an event as a result of which the Conversion Price will be adjusted, as soon as reasonably practicable deliver to the Trustee a certificate signed by a managing director of the Issuer (which the Trustee shall be entitled to accept and rely on without further enquiry or liability in respect thereof as sufficient evidence of the correctness of the matters referred to therein) setting forth brief particulars of the event, and the adjusted Conversion Price and the date on which such adjustment takes effect and in any case setting forth such other particulars and information as the Trustee may reasonably require.

 

9 Covenants

 

So long as any Bond is outstanding, the Issuer covenants with the Trustee that it will:

 

9.1 Books of Account: keep, and procure that each Subsidiary keeps, proper books of account.

 

9.2 Notice of Events of Default etc: notify the Trustee in writing immediately on becoming aware of the occurrence of any Event of Default or Change of Control.

 

9.3 Information: so far as permitted by applicable law, give or procure to be given to the Trustee such information as it reasonably requires to perform its functions.

 

9.4 Financial Statements, etc.: send to the Trustee:

 

9.4.1 as soon as the same become available, but in any event within the longer of 120 days of its most recent financial year-end and the legal period for making this document generally available, a copy of the Issuer’s audited annual Consolidated Financial Statements for such financial year, prepared and presented in accordance with IFRS, together with the report thereon by the Issuer’s independent auditors; and

 

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9.4.2 as soon as the same become available, but in any event within the longer of 90 days of the end of the first half of each financial year and the legal period of making this document generally available, a copy of the Issuer’s interim Consolidated Financial Statements, prepared and presented in accordance with IFRS, as at, and for the period ending on, the end of such period,

 

each certified by a managing director of the Issuer as presenting a true and fair view of the consolidated financial position of the Issuer and its consolidated subsidiaries as at the relevant date, and the consolidated results of operations and changes in consolidated financial position of the Issuer and its consolidated subsidiaries for the relevant period then ended.

 

9.5 Certificate of executive directors: send to the Trustee within 14 days of the Issuer’s audited annual Consolidated Financial Statements being made publicly available, and also within 14 days of any request by the Trustee a certificate substantially in the form set out in Schedule 5 from the Issuer signed by any managing director of the Issuer that, having made all reasonable enquiries, to the best of the knowledge, information and belief of the Issuer as at a date (the “Certification Date”) not more than five days before the date of the certificate, no Change of Control, Event of Default or other breach of this Trust Deed had occurred since the Certification Date of the last such certificate or (if none) the date of this Trust Deed or, if such an event had occurred, giving details of it.

 

9.6 Notices to Bondholders: send or procure to be sent to the Trustee not less than three days prior to the date of publication, for the Trustee’s review, a copy of each notice to be given to the Bondholders as a class in accordance with the Conditions and not publish such notice without consulting the Trustee, and upon publication, send to the Trustee a copy of such notice. The Trustee shall keep this information confidential in accordance with Clause 12.2.13.

 

9.7 Further Acts: so far as permitted by applicable law, do such further things as may be necessary in the reasonable opinion of the Trustee to give effect to this Trust Deed.

 

9.8 Notice of late payment: forthwith upon request by the Trustee give notice to the Bondholders of any unconditional payment to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent or the Trustee of any sum due in respect of the Bonds made after the due date for such payment.

 

9.9 Obligations of Agents and Registrar: observe and comply with its obligations and use all reasonable endeavours to procure that the Agents observe and comply with all their obligations under the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement and notify the Trustee immediately if it becomes aware of any material breach or failure by an Agent in relation to the Bonds.

 

9.10 Listing and Trading: use its reasonable endeavours to obtain the admission of the Original Bonds to trading on the Open Market (Freiverkehr) of the Frankfurt Stock Exchange or another EEA or United Kingdom stock exchange or trading platform no later than 11 March 2021. Thereafter, and in respect of any Further Bonds, the Issuer will use its reasonable endeavours to maintain such admission to trading for so long as any of the Bonds remain outstanding. If, however, the Issuer determines in good faith that it can no longer comply with the requirements for such listing, having used such endeavours, or if the maintenance of such listing or admission to trading is unduly onerous, the Issuer will instead use its reasonable endeavours to obtain and maintain a listing on such other stock exchange or admission to trading on such other securities market of the Bonds as the

 

 

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Issuer may (with the written approval of the Trustee, such approval not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed) decide, and shall upon obtaining a quotation or listing of the Bonds on such other stock exchange or exchanges or securities market or markets as aforesaid, comply with the requirements of any such stock exchange or securities market.

 

9.11 Change in Agents: give at least 14 days’ prior notice to the Bondholders of any future appointment, resignation or removal of an Agent or of any change by an Agent of its specified office and not make any such appointment or removal without the Trustee’s written approval (such approval not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed).

 

9.12 Early Redemption: give prior notice to the Trustee and the Bondholders of any proposed redemption pursuant to Sections 4.1 or 4.2 of the Conditions in accordance therewith.

 

9.13 Authorised but Unissued Capital: at all times keep available for issue free from pre-emptive rights a sufficient number of Shares held in treasury or authorised share capital to enable the exercise of Conversion Rights pursuant to the Conditions and all other rights of subscription and exchange for Shares, to be satisfied in full at the then current Conversion Price.

 

9.14 Bonds Register: deliver or procure the delivery to the Trustee of an up-to-date copy of the Bonds Register in respect of the Bonds, certified as being a true, accurate and complete copy, as soon as practicable following the date hereof and in any event within three Business Days following the date hereof and at such other times as the Trustee may reasonably require.

 

10 Remuneration and Indemnification of the Trustee

 

10.1 Normal Remuneration: So long as any Bond is outstanding, the Issuer will pay to the Trustee by way of remuneration for its services as trustee such sum as may from time to time be agreed between them. Such remuneration will accrue from day to day from the date of this Trust Deed and shall be payable in advance, annually as may be agreed between the Issuer and the Trustee. However, if any payment to a Bondholder of the moneys due in respect of any Bond is improperly withheld or refused by the Trustee upon due surrender (if so required) of such Bond, such remuneration will not accrue as from the date of the withholding or refusal until payment to such Bondholder is duly made.

 

10.2 Extra Remuneration: If an Event of Default shall have occurred, the Issuer hereby agrees that the Trustee shall be entitled to be paid additional remuneration calculated at its normal hourly rates in force from time to time for any additional time spent on its duties that is reasonably attributable to that Event of Default. In any other case, if the Trustee finds it expedient or necessary or is requested by the Issuer to undertake duties which the Trustee and the Issuer agree to be of an exceptional nature or otherwise outside the scope of the Trustee’s normal duties under this Trust Deed and the Trustee’s scope of work agreed between the Issuer and the Trustee, the Issuer will pay such additional reasonable remuneration as they may agree (and which may be calculated by reference to the Trustee’s normal hourly rates in force from time to time) or, failing agreement as to any of the matters in this Clause (or as to such sums referred to in Clause 10.1), as determined by a financial institution or person (acting as an expert) selected by the Trustee and approved by the Issuer. The expenses involved in such nomination and such financial institution’s fee will be borne by the Issuer. The determination of such financial institution or person will, in the absence of manifest error, be conclusive and binding on the Issuer, the Trustee and the Bondholders.

  

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10.3 Expenses: Subject to the separate fee arrangements made between the Issuer and the Trustee, the Issuer will on demand by the Trustee pay or discharge all reasonable and documented costs, charges, liabilities and expenses properly incurred by the Trustee in the preparation and execution of this Trust Deed and the performance of its functions under this Trust Deed including, but not limited to, legal and travelling expenses and any stamp, documentary or other taxes or duties paid by the Trustee in connection with any legal proceedings properly brought or reasonably contemplated by the Trustee against the Issuer to enforce any provision of this Trust Deed and the Bonds. Such costs, charges, liabilities and expenses will:

 

10.3.1 in the case of payments made by the Trustee before such demand carry interest from the date of the demand at a rate equal to the Trustee’s cost of funding for the relevant period of time, and

 

10.3.2 in other cases carry interest at such rate from 30 days after the date of the demand or (where the demand specifies that payment is to be made on an earlier date) from such earlier date.

 

10.4 Indemnity: The Issuer will on demand by the Trustee indemnify it in respect of Amounts or Claims paid or properly incurred by it in acting as trustee under this Trust Deed (including (1) any Agent/Delegate Liabilities and (2) in respect of disputing or defending any Amounts or Claims made against the Trustee or any Agent/Delegate Liabilities). The Issuer will on demand by such agent or delegate indemnify it against such Agent/Delegate Liabilities. “Amounts or Claims” are losses, liabilities, claims, actions, and “Agent/Delegate Liabilities” are Amounts or Claims which the Trustee is or would be obliged to pay or reimburse to any of its agents or delegates appointed pursuant to this Trust Deed.

 

10.5 Provisions Continuing: The provisions of Clauses 10.3 and 10.4 will continue in full force and effect in relation to the Trustee even if it may have ceased to be Trustee and notwithstanding any termination or discharge of this Trust Deed.

 

11 Proceedings and Actions by the Trustee

 

11.1 Trustee not bound unless specific action taken:

 

11.1.1 The Trustee may at any time, at its discretion and without notice, take such proceedings, actions or steps (including lodging an appeal in any proceedings) against the Issuer as it may think fit to enforce the provisions of this Trust Deed and the Bonds, but it shall not be bound to take any such proceedings, actions or steps in relation to this Trust Deed or the Bonds unless (i) it shall have been so directed by an Extraordinary Resolution of the Bondholders or so requested in writing by the holders of at least one-quarter in principal amount of the Bonds then outstanding, and (ii) it shall have been indemnified and/or secured and/or prefunded to its satisfaction.

 

11.1.2 In urgent cases, such as imminent bankruptcy, moratorium or reorganisation of the Issuer, the Trustee will be entitled at its discretion to relinquish, reduce or alter the rights of Bondholders in whole or in part, and to take other measures which it considers to be in the interests of the Bondholders, if the Trustee considers, in its sole discretion, that such action can no longer be delayed. For the avoidance of doubt, any such action may be taken by the Trustee without having been previously directed or authorised by an Extraordinary Resolution of the Bondholders. The Trustee will forthwith notify the Bondholders of any such actions

 

 

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and steps at a meeting of Bondholders to be convened by the Trustee within one month after such action has been taken by the Trustee. The Trustee will in no event be liable in respect of the exercise, or failure to exercise, the power of the Trustee granted to it in this Clause 11.1.2 or the consequences thereof.

 

11.1.3 No Bondholder shall be entitled to (i) take any proceedings, actions or steps against the Issuer to enforce the performance of any of the provisions of this Trust Deed or the Bonds or (ii) take any other proceedings, actions or steps (including lodging an appeal in any proceedings) in respect of or concerning the Issuer, in each case unless the Trustee, having become bound so to take any such proceedings, actions or steps, fails so to do within a reasonable period and the failure shall be continuing.

 

11.2 Accounts: If at any time the Issuer’s obligations under the Bonds have become immediately due and payable, the Trustee may draw up duly specified accounts of all amounts due in relation to the Bonds outstanding according to the records made available by the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent and the Registrar under the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, together with any other amounts owed by the Issuer in respect of the Bonds, including the Trustee’s fee and indemnification for costs incurred by the Trustee. The Issuer will act in accordance with and fully accept the accounts drawn up by the Trustee, subject to evidence to the contrary.

 

11.3 Action by Trustee:

 

11.3.1 Only the Trustee may enforce the rights under the Bonds of the Bondholders against the Issuer. Save as provided in Section 10 of the Conditions, no person shall be entitled to proceed directly against the Issuer to enforce the performance of any provision of the Bonds.

 

11.3.2 If any Bonds become due and payable under Section 8 of the Conditions the only remedy of the Trustee against the Issuer consists of enforcing the rights granted to the Trustee pursuant to this Trust Deed and the Conditions.

 

12 Trustee’s Rights and Obligations

 

12.1 Reliance on Information

 

12.1.1 Advice: The Trustee may in relation to this Trust Deed act, without thereby incurring any Liability, on a report, confirmation or certificate or any advice of any lawyers, accountants, financial advisers, financial institution or other expert, whether or not addressed to it and whether or not their liability in relation thereto is limited (by its terms or by any engagement letter relating thereto entered into by the Trustee or in any other manner) by reference to a monetary cap, methodology or otherwise. The Trustee may accept and shall be entitled to rely on any such report, confirmation or certificate or advice and such report, confirmation or certificate or advice shall be binding on the Issuer, the Trustee and the Bondholders;

 

12.1.2 Certificate of a Managing Director: the Trustee may call for and shall be at liberty to accept a certificate signed by any managing director of the Issuer as to any fact or matter prima facie within the knowledge of the Issuer as sufficient evidence thereof and a like certificate to the effect that any particular dealing, transaction or step or thing is, in the opinion of the person so certifying, expedient as sufficient evidence that it is expedient and the Trustee shall not be bound in any such case

  

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to call for further evidence or be responsible for any Liability that may be occasioned by its failing so to do;

 

12.1.3 Resolution of Bondholders: the Trustee shall not be responsible for acting upon any resolution purporting to have been passed at a meeting of Bondholders in respect whereof minutes have been made and signed, even though it may subsequently be found that there was some defect in the constitution of the meeting of Bondholders or the passing of the resolution or that for any reason the resolution purporting to have been passed at any meeting of Bondholders was not valid or binding upon the Bondholders;

 

12.1.4 Reliance on certification of clearing system: the Trustee may call for any certificate or other document issued by Euroclear or Clearstream, Luxembourg or any other relevant clearing system or a common depository therefor. Any such certificate or other document shall, in the absence of manifest error, be conclusive and binding for all purposes. Any such certificate or other document may comprise any form of statement or print out of electronic records provided by the relevant clearing system (including Euroclear’s EUCLID or Clearstream, Luxembourg’s CreationOnline system) in accordance with its usual procedures and in which the holder of a particular principal or nominal amount of the Bonds is clearly identified together with the amount of such holding. The Trustee shall not be liable to any person by reason of having accepted as valid or not having rejected any certificate or other document to such effect purporting to be issued by Euroclear, Clearstream, Luxembourg, or any other relevant clearing system and subsequently found to be forged or not authentic;

 

12.1.5 Entry on the Bonds Register: the Trustee shall not be liable to the Issuer or any Bondholder by reason of having accepted as valid or not having rejected any entry on the Bonds Register later found to be forged or not authentic and shall assume for all purposes in relation hereto that any entry on the Bonds Register is correct;

 

12.1.6 Forged Bonds: the Trustee shall not be liable to the Issuer or any Bondholder by reason of having accepted as valid or not having rejected any Bond or assignment deed or notification thereof as such and subsequently found to be forged or not authentic; and

 

12.1.7 Trustee not responsible for investigations: the Trustee shall not be responsible for, or for investigating any matter which is the subject of, any recital, statement, representation, warranty or covenant of any person contained in this Trust Deed, the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, the Bonds, or any other agreement or document relating to the transactions herein or therein contemplated or for the execution, legality, effectiveness, adequacy, genuineness, validity, enforceability or admissibility in evidence thereof and shall assume the accuracy and correctness thereof nor shall the Trustee, by execution of this Trust Deed, be deemed to make any representation as to the validity, sufficiency or enforceability of either the whole or any part of this Trust Deed.

 

12.2 Trustee’s powers and duties

 

12.2.1 Trustee’s determination: The Trustee may determine whether or not a default in the performance by the Issuer of any obligation under the provisions of or contained in this Trust Deed or the Bonds is capable of remedy and/or materially prejudicial to the interests of the Bondholders. If the Trustee shall certify that any

 

 

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such default is, in its opinion, not capable of remedy and/or materially prejudicial to the interests of the Bondholders, such certificate shall be conclusive and binding upon the Issuer and/or, as the case may be, the Bondholders;

 

12.2.2 Determination of questions: the Trustee as between itself and the Bondholders shall have full power to determine all questions and doubts arising in relation to any of the provisions of this Trust Deed and the Bonds and every such determination, whether made upon a question actually raised or implied in the acts or proceedings of the Trustee, shall be conclusive and shall bind the Trustee and the Bondholders;

 

12.2.3 Trustee’s discretion: the Trustee shall (save as expressly otherwise provided herein) as regards all the powers, authorities and discretions vested in it by this Trust Deed or by operation of law have absolute and uncontrolled discretion as to the exercise or non-exercise thereof and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any Liability that may result from the exercise or non-exercise thereof but, whenever the Trustee is under the provisions of this Trust Deed bound to act at the request or direction of the Bondholders, the Trustee shall nevertheless not be so bound unless first indemnified and/or provided with security to its satisfaction against all actions, proceedings, claims and demands to which it may render itself liable and all Liabilities which it may incur by so doing;

 

12.2.4 Trustee’s consent: any consent given by the Trustee for the purposes of this Trust Deed and the Bonds may be given on such terms and subject to such conditions (if any) as the Trustee may require and (notwithstanding any provision to the contrary) may be given retrospectively;

 

12.2.5 Conversion of currency: where it is necessary or desirable for any purpose in connection with this Trust Deed to convert any sum from one currency to another it shall (unless otherwise provided by this Trust Deed or required by law) be converted at such rate(s) of exchange, in accordance with such method and as at such date for the determination of such rate(s) of exchange as may be specified by the Trustee in its absolute discretion as relevant and any rate of exchange, method and date so specified shall be binding on the Issuer and the Bondholders;

 

12.2.6 Application of proceeds: the Trustee shall not be responsible for the receipt or application by the Issuer of the proceeds of the issue of the Bonds;

 

12.2.7 Events of Default: the Trustee shall inform the Bondholders upon its receipt of a notice in writing from the Issuer of the occurrence of an Event of Default or a breach of the covenants given by the Issuer, however, the Trustee shall not be bound to take any steps to ascertain whether any Event of Default has happened and, until it shall have actual knowledge or express notice to the contrary, the Trustee shall be entitled to assume that no Event of Default has happened and that the Issuer is observing and performing all the obligations on its part contained in this Trust Deed, the Bonds or any other agreement or document relating to the transactions herein or therein contemplated and no event has happened as a consequence of which any of the Bonds may become repayable;

 

12.2.8 Initiate proceedings: the Trustee may settle or litigate any claims, debts or damages due by it or owing to it, it may take all action, initiate all proceedings and exercise all rights and powers as it may deem appropriate for the purposes of this Trust Deed;

 

 

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12.2.9 External advice: the Trustee may, in the conduct of its obligations pursuant to this Trust Deed and the Bonds, appoint and pay reasonable fees to an external adviser, whether or not a lawyer or other professional person, to advise or provide legal or expert assistance, or concur in advising or providing such assistance, on any business and such appointment shall be notified to the Issuer and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or omission on the part of any person appointed by it hereunder or be bound to supervise the proceedings or acts of, and shall not in any way or to any extent be responsible for any Liability incurred by reason of the misconduct, omission or default on the part of, any such person (except insofar as the same are incurred because of the wilful misconduct or gross negligence of the Trustee). The Trustee shall not appoint an external adviser who provides similar services to the Issuer;

 

12.2.10 Bondholders as a class: whenever in this Trust Deed or the Conditions the Trustee is required in connection with the exercise of its functions to have regard to the interests of the Bondholders, it shall have regard to the interests of the Bondholders as a class. The Trustee shall not have regard to any interests arising from circumstances particular to individual Bondholders (whatever their number) and, in particular but without limitation, shall not have regard to the consequences of the exercise of its powers, authorities or discretions for individual Bondholders resulting from their being for any purpose domiciled or resident in, or otherwise connected with, or subject to the jurisdiction of, any particular territory, and the Trustee shall not be entitled to require, nor shall any Bondholder be entitled to claim, from the Issuer or any other person any indemnification or payment in respect of any tax consequence of any such exercise upon individual Bondholders, except to the extent provided for in this Trust Deed or the Conditions;

 

12.2.11 Agents: the Trustee may, in conducting its rights and obligations under this Trust Deed instead of acting personally, employ and pay an agent on any terms, whether or not a lawyer or other professional person, to transact or conduct, or concur in transacting or conducting, any business and to do or concur in doing all acts required to be done by the Trustee (including the receipt and payment of money) and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any loss, liability, expense, demand, cost, claim or proceedings incurred by reason of the misconduct, omission or default on the part of any person appointed by it hereunder to the extent that the Trustee has selected the agent exercising due care and has exercised reasonable oversight over the agent’s actions;

 

12.2.12 Delegation: the Trustee may, in the execution and exercise of all or any of the powers, authorities and discretions vested in it by this Trust Deed, whenever it thinks fit, whether by power of attorney or otherwise, delegate to any person or persons reasonably deemed competent for the intended purpose all or any of the powers, authorities and discretions vested in it by this Trust Deed. Any such delegation may be made upon such terms and conditions and subject to such regulations (including power to sub-delegate with the consent of the Trustee) as the Trustee may think fit in the interests of the Bondholders and the Trustee shall not in any way or to any extent be responsible for any Liability incurred by reason of the misconduct, omission or default on the part of such delegate or sub-delegate to the extent that the Trustee has selected the delegate or sub-delegate exercising due care and has exercised reasonable oversight over its actions; and

 

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12.2.13 Confidentiality: the Trustee shall, and shall ensure that each of its agents as referred to in Clause 12.2.11 above and its delegates and sub-delegates as referred to in Clause 12.2.12 above will and are bound by the same obligation to, respect and protect the confidentiality of all information acquired as a result of or pursuant to this Trust Deed, including (but not limited to) any notices pursuant to Clause 5.3 or Clause 9.6 and the Issuer's intention to give any such notice, and will not, without the Issuer's prior written consent, disclose any such information to a third party, unless it is required to do so by any applicable law or regulation or is specifically authorised to do so hereunder or by any separate agreement, especially where the provision of such information is the object or part of the service to be provided by the Trustee. Where any such information may constitute price-sensitive information, the Trustee shall, and shall ensure that each of its delegates and sub-delegates will and are bound by the same obligation to keep that information strictly confidential until that information has been made publicly available other than as a result of a breach by the Trustee or any of its delegates or sub-delegates of this Clause.

 

12.3 Financial matters

 

12.3.1 Annual Reports: The Trustee shall make available for public inspection, at its Amsterdam office and at the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent’s specified office, copies of the Trustee’s balance sheet and its profit and loss account for its preceding financial year, and a written report of its activities during that financial year;

 

12.3.2 Expenditure by the Trustee: the Trustee may refrain from taking any action or exercising any right, power, authority or discretion vested in it under the Bonds, this Trust Deed or any other agreement relating to the transactions herein or therein contemplated or from taking any action to enforce the security until it has been indemnified and/or secured to its satisfaction against any and all Liabilities which might be brought, made or conferred against or suffered, incurred or sustained by it as a result (which may include payment on account). When determining whether an indemnity or any security or pre-funding is satisfactory to it, the Trustee shall be entitled (i) to evaluate its risk in any given circumstance by considering the worst-case scenario and (ii) to require that any indemnity or security or prefunding given to it by the Bondholders or any of them be given on a joint and several basis and be supported by evidence satisfactory to it as to the financial standing and creditworthiness of each counterparty and/or as to the value of the security and an opinion as to the capacity, power and authority of each counterparty and/or the validity and effectiveness of the security. Nothing contained in this Trust Deed or the Bonds shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of its duties or the exercise of any right, power, authority or discretion hereunder if it has grounds for believing the repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against, or security for, such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it; and

 

12.3.3 Deductions and withholdings: notwithstanding anything contained in this Trust Deed or the Bonds, to the extent required by applicable law, if the Trustee is required to make any deduction or withholding from any distribution or payment made by it under this Trust Deed or the Bonds (other than in connection with its remuneration as provided for herein) or if the Trustee is otherwise charged to, or

 

 

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may become liable to, tax as a consequence of performing its duties under this Trust Deed or the Bonds, then the Trustee shall be entitled to make such deduction or withholding or (as the case may be) to retain out of sums received by it an amount sufficient to discharge any liability to tax which relates to sums so received or distributed or to discharge any such other liability of the Trustee to tax from the funds held by the Trustee pursuant to this Trust Deed. For the avoidance of doubt, the Trustee shall have no obligation to gross up any payment hereunder or pay any additional amount as a result of such withholding tax.

 

12.4 Trustee Liability: Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Trust Deed or the Conditions, the Trustee shall not be liable to any person for any matter or thing done or omitted in any way in connection with or in relation to this Trust Deed or the Conditions save in relation to its own wilful misconduct or gross negligence.

 

13 Modification, Waiver and Proof of Default

 

13.1 Modification and Waiver: The Trustee may agree, without the consent of the Bondholders, to (i) any modification of any of the provisions of this Trust Deed, any trust deed supplemental to this Trust Deed, the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, any agreement supplemental to the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, the Bonds or the Conditions which in the Trustee’s opinion is of a formal, minor or technical nature or is made to correct a manifest error or to comply with mandatory provisions of law, and (ii) any other modification to this Trust Deed, any trust deed supplemental to this Trust Deed, the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, any agreement supplemental to the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, the Bonds or the Conditions (except for the matters set out in the proviso following paragraph 16.7 of Schedule 4), and any waiver or authorisation of any breach or proposed breach, of any of the provisions of this Trust Deed, any trust deed supplemental to this Trust Deed, the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, any agreement supplemental to the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, the Bonds or the Conditions which is, in the opinion of the Trustee, not materially prejudicial to the interests of the Bondholders. The Trustee may, without the consent of the Bondholders, determine that any Event of Default should not be treated as such, provided that in the opinion of the Trustee, the interests of Bondholders will not be materially prejudiced thereby. Any such modification, authorisation, waiver or determination shall be binding on the Bondholders and, if the Trustee so requires, shall be notified to the Bondholders promptly in accordance with Section 15.7 of the Conditions.

 

13.2 Proof of Default: If it is proved that as regards any specified Bond the Issuer has made default in paying any sum due to the relevant Bondholder, such proof will (unless the contrary be proved) be sufficient evidence that the same default has been made as regards all other Bonds which are then payable.

 

14 Trustee not precluded from entering into Contracts

 

The Trustee and any other person, whether or not acting for itself may acquire, hold or dispose of, any Bond or any Shares or other securities (or any interest therein) of the Issuer or any other person with the same rights as it would have had if the Trustee were not trustee and may enter into or be interested in any contracts or transactions with the Issuer or any such person and may act on, or as depositary or agent for, any committee or body of holders of any securities of any such person in each case with the same rights as it

 

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would have had if the Trustee were not acting as trustee and need not account for any profit.

 

15 Appointment, Retirement and Removal of the Trustee:

 

15.1 Appointment: Subject as provided in Clause 15.2 below, the Issuer has the power of appointing a new trustee or trustees but no one may be so appointed unless previously approved by an Extraordinary Resolution. Any appointment of a new trustee will be notified by the Issuer to the Bondholders and the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent as soon as practicable.

 

15.2 Retirement and Removal: Any Trustee may retire at any time on giving not less than three months’ notice in writing to the Issuer without giving any reason and without being responsible for any costs (which costs shall be borne by the Issuer) occasioned by such retirement and the Bondholders may by Extraordinary Resolution remove any Trustee. If a Trustee gives notice of retirement or an Extraordinary Resolution is passed for its removal under this Clause 15.2, the Issuer will use all reasonable endeavours to procure that another person be appointed as trustee but if it fails to do so before the expiry of such three month notice period, the Trustee shall have the power to appoint a new trustee.

 

15.3 Appointment, Resignation and Removal of Directors:

 

15.3.1 Pursuant to the Trustee’s articles of association, the Trustee’s board (bestuur) shall consist of one or more Trustee directors (bestuurders) to be appointed by the Trustee’s board. Trustee directors may only be trust companies in the Netherlands having a licence under the Dutch Act on Supervision of Trust Companies (Wet toezicht trustkantoren) as well as natural persons and/or legal entities engaged by such trust companies. Trustee directors may be suspended and dismissed by the Trustee’s board. The Bondholders may also dismiss a Trustee director by Extraordinary Resolution, provided that neither the Trustee nor the Trustee director so dismissed shall be responsible for any costs or expenses arising from any such dismissal.

 

15.3.2 The Trustee’s board shall elect out of its midst a chairman, in case the Trustee’s board would consist of more than one Trustee director.

 

15.3.3 In case of one or more vacancies in the Trustee’s board, the remaining Trustee directors unanimously (or the sole remaining Trustee director) shall fill such vacancy or vacancies by the appointment of one or more successors within three months after the creation of the vacancy or vacancies.

 

15.3.4 In case of any vacancies then the remaining Trustee directors or the sole remaining Trustee director shall nevertheless constitute a lawful Trustee’s board.

 

15.3.5 In case of any disagreement among the remaining Trustee directors about the appointment and also in case at any time all Trustee directors would be absent and finally in case the remaining Trustee directors should fail to fill the vacancy or vacancies within the period mentioned in Clause 15.3.3, those vacancies shall be filled by the Bondholders by Extraordinary Resolution.

 

15.3.6 Membership of the Trustee’s board shall terminate by:

 

(i) death or dissolution of the Trustee director;

 

(ii) loss of free disposal of the assets of the Trustee director;

 

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(iii) voluntary resignation (vrijwillig aftreden), provided that in case the resigning Trustee director was the sole Trustee director (for the avoidance of doubt, unless dismissal is automatic per the Trustee’s articles of association), the Issuer and the Trustee will use reasonable endeavours to ensure that such resignation will not become effective until a successor Trustee director has been appointed;

 

(iv) dismissal by virtue of Section 2:298 of the Dutch Civil Code;

 

(v) a dismissal resolution taken by the other Trustee directors and passed unanimously;

 

(vi) cancellation of the licence of the Trustee director under the Dutch Act on Financial Supervision of Trust Companies;

 

(vii) bankruptcy or suspension of payments of the Trustee director;

 

(viii) a dismissal Extraordinary Resolution, provided that neither the Trustee nor the Trustee director so removed shall be responsible for any costs or expenses arising from any such removal; or

 

(ix) in case a Trustee director previously engaged by a trust company as defined in Clause 15.3.1 is no longer engaged by such trust company.

 

15.4 Merger: A corporation or other legal entity into which the Trustee may be merged or converted, or any corporation or other legal entity with which the Trustee may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, shall, on the date when the merger, conversion or consolidation becomes effective and to the extent permitted by any applicable laws and subject to any requirements set out in this Trust Deed become the successor trustee under this Trust Deed without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of the parties to this Trust Deed, unless otherwise required by the Issuer, and after the said effective date, all references in this Trust Deed to the Trustee shall be deemed to be references to such successor corporation or legal entity. Written notice of any such merger, conversion or consolidation shall immediately be given to the Issuer by the Trustee.

 

16 Currency Indemnity

 

16.1 Currency of Account and Payment: Euro (the “Contractual Currency”) is the sole currency of account and payment for all sums payable by the Issuer under or in connection with this Trust Deed and the Bonds, including damages.

 

16.2 Extent of Discharge: An amount received or recovered in a currency other than the Contractual Currency (whether as a result of, or of the enforcement of, a judgment or order of a court of any jurisdiction, in the insolvency, winding-up or dissolution of the Issuer or otherwise) by the Trustee or any Bondholder in respect of any sum expressed to be due to it from the Issuer will only discharge the Issuer to the extent of the Contractual Currency amount which the recipient is able to purchase with the amount so received or recovered in that other currency on the date of that receipt or recovery (or, if it is not practicable to make that purchase on that date, on the first date on which it is practicable to do so).

 

16.3 Indemnity: If that Contractual Currency amount is less than the Contractual Currency amount expressed to be due to the recipient under this Trust Deed or the Bonds, the Issuer

  

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will indemnify it against any loss sustained by it as a result. In any event, the Issuer will indemnify the recipient against the cost of making any such purchase.

 

16.4 Indemnity separate: The indemnities in this Clause 16 and in Clause 10.4 constitute separate and independent obligations from the other obligations in this Trust Deed, and will give rise to a separate and independent cause of action.

 

17 Communications

 

Any communication shall be by letter, facsimile transmission or electronic communication:

 

in the case of the Issuer, to it at:

 

Address: Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V.
     
    Oosterdoksstraat 80, 1011 DK Amsterdam, the Netherlands
     
  Email: brent.wissink@takeaway.com / jitse.groen@takeaway.com
  Attention: Brent Wissink / Jitse Groen
     
  and in the case of the Trustee, to it at:
     
  Address: Stichting Trustee Just Eat Takeaway.com II
    Hoogoorddreef 15, 1101 BA, Amsterdam
     
  Fax no.: +31 20 5222 500
  Email: NLSupervisory@iqeq.com
  Attention: The Directors

  

or to such other address, facsimile number, email address or attention details which shall have been notified in writing (in accordance with this Clause 17) to the other parties hereto.

 

Communications will take effect, in the case of a letter, when delivered, in the case of a fax, when the relevant delivery receipt is received by the sender, or in the case of an electronic communication when the relevant receipt of such communication being read is given, or where no read receipt is requested by the sender, at the time of sending, provided that no delivery failure notification is received by the sender within 24 hours of sending such communication; provided that any communication which is received (or deemed to take effect in accordance with the foregoing) outside business hours or on a non-business day in the place of receipt shall be deemed to take effect at the opening of business on the next following business day in such place. Any communication delivered to any party under this Trust Deed which is to be sent by fax or electronic communication will be written legal evidence.

 

18 No rescission

 

Each party to this Trust Deed waives its rights under Sections 6:228 (Dwaling), 6:265 (Ontbinding) and, to the extent legally permissible, 6:230 (Wijziging op verzoek) of the Dutch Civil Code to rescind, annul or to dissolve this Trust Deed in whole or in part.

 

19 Governing Law and Jurisdiction

 

19.1 Governing Law: This Trust Deed and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with it, including, for the avoidance of doubt, Clause 19.2, shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the law of The Netherlands.

  

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19.2 Jurisdiction: The courts of Amsterdam, the Netherlands, subject to the authority of the Trustee, if it considers this expedient, to agree to prorogation (prorogatie), shall have exclusive jurisdiction to settle any disputes which may arise out of or in connection with this Trust Deed or the Bonds (and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with them) and accordingly any legal action or proceedings arising out of or in connection with this Trust Deed or the Bonds (“Proceedings”) may be brought in such courts. The Issuer irrevocably submits to the jurisdiction of such courts and waives any objections to Proceedings in such courts on the ground of venue or on the ground that the Proceedings have been brought in an inconvenient forum. This submission is for the benefit of each of the Trustee and the Bondholders.

 

20 Counterparts

 

This Trust Deed and any trust deed supplemental hereto may be executed in any number of counterparts, and by each party on separate counterparts. Each counterpart is an original, but all counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument. Delivery of a counterpart of this Trust Deed or any trust deed supplemental hereto by email attachment or telecopy shall be an effective mode of delivery.

 

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SCHEDULE 1

 Terms and Conditions of the Bonds

 

1 General

 

1.1 Description

 

Each Bond evidenced by this certificate is one of a duly authorised issue of debt securities of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., a limited liability company (naamloze vennootschap) incorporated under the laws of The Netherlands (the “Issuer”), designated as its €600,000,000 zero coupon convertible bonds due 2025 (the “Bonds”, which expression shall include any Further Bonds issued pursuant to Section 15.6). The Bonds will mature on 9 August 2025 (the “Maturity Date”). The Bonds are issued in denominations of €100,000 each. The Bonds are constituted by a Trust Deed (the “Trust Deed”) dated 9 February 2021 between the Issuer and Stichting Trustee Just Eat Takeaway.com II (the “Trustee” which expression shall include all persons for the time being the trustee or trustees under the Trust Deed) as trustee for the holders of the Bonds. The Issuer has also entered into a paying, transfer and conversion agency agreement (the “Agency Agreement”) dated 9 February 2021 with ABN AMRO Bank N.V., as principal paying, transfer and conversion agent (the “Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent”), Bank of America Europe Designated Activity Company, as registrar in respect of the Bonds (the “Registrar”), the other paying and conversion agents named therein (the “Conversion Agents” and, together with the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent and the Registrar, collectively, the “Agents”, which term shall include successors and assigns of any such Agent as the context requires) and the Trustee. The holders of the Bonds are entitled to the benefit of, are bound by, and are deemed to have notice of, all the provisions of the Trust Deed and are deemed to have notice of those applicable to them of the Agency Agreement. The Issuer has also entered into a calculation agency agreement dated 9 February 2021 (the “Calculation Agency Agreement”) with Conv-Ex Advisors Limited (the “Calculation Agent”, which expression shall include any successor as calculation agent under the Calculation Agency Agreement) whereby the Calculation Agent has been appointed to make certain calculations in relation to the Bonds. Copies of the Trust Deed, Agency Agreement and Calculation Agency Agreement are available for inspection by holders of the Bonds during usual office hours at the office of the Trustee at Hoogoorddreef 15, 1101 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and at the specified offices of the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent and the Registrar.

 

1.2 Definitions

 

Capitalised terms used herein are defined in Section 14. Capitalised terms used but not defined in these terms and conditions (these “Conditions”) shall have the meanings attributed to them in the Trust Deed unless the context requires otherwise or unless otherwise stated.

 

2 Status of the Bonds and Negative Pledge

 

2.1 Status

 

The Bonds constitute direct, unconditional, unsubordinated and (subject to Section 2.2) unsecured obligations of the Issuer and shall at all times rank pari passu and without preference among themselves and at least equally with all other unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of the Issuer, present and future (subject to any obligations preferred by mandatory provisions of law).

 

2.2 Negative Pledge

 

So long as any Bond remains outstanding (as defined in the Trust Deed), the Issuer will not, and will ensure that none of its Material Subsidiaries will, create or permit to subsist any mortgage, charge, lien, pledge or other security interest, upon the whole or any part of its present or future undertaking,

 

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assets or revenues (including any uncalled capital) to secure any Capital Markets Indebtedness or to secure any guarantee or indemnity in respect of any Capital Markets Indebtedness, without at the same time or prior thereto providing the Bonds with the same security as is created or subsisting to secure any such Capital Markets Indebtedness, guarantee or indemnity or such other security as either (i) the Trustee shall in its absolute discretion deem not materially less beneficial to the interests of the Bondholders or (ii) shall be approved by an Extraordinary Resolution of the Bondholders.

 

In this Section 2.2, “Capital Markets Indebtedness” means any present or future indebtedness (whether being principal, interest or other amounts) which is in the form of, or represented or evidenced by, bonds, notes, debentures, loan stock or other securities, whether issued for cash or in whole or in part for a consideration other than cash, which for the time being are, or are intended to be or capable of being, quoted, listed or dealt in or traded on any stock exchange or over-the-counter or other securities market.

 

3 Payments

 

3.1 Principal

 

Unless previously redeemed, converted, settled or purchased and cancelled as provided herein, the principal amount of each Bond will be payable on the Maturity Date. The amount due on the Maturity Date shall be 100 per cent. of its principal amount (the “Redemption Price”).

 

3.2 Interest

 

The Bonds do not bear interest.

 

3.3 Due Date not a Business Day

 

Notwithstanding any other provision of the Bonds or the Agency Agreement, if the date on which any principal or other payment obligation is due falls on a day that is not a Business Day, the Issuer shall have until (and including) the next succeeding Business Day to satisfy its payment obligation, and any such payment shall be given the same force and effect as if made on the date on which such principal or other payment obligation was due. Bondholders shall not be entitled to any interest or other payments for such delay.

 

3.4 Overdue Payment Obligations

 

Any overdue principal of the Bonds, or any other overdue amount on any payment obligation hereunder, will bear interest payable on demand at a rate per annum equal to EURIBOR but not less than zero, from and including the date of default to but excluding the date when paid.

 

3.5 Payment Procedures

 

The Issuer will, unless otherwise specified in these Conditions, discharge its payment obligations hereunder by paying to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent under the Agency Agreement, and causing the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent to tender to each Bondholder, on or before the due date thereof for value as of such due date an amount of euros in immediately available funds that is sufficient to satisfy such payment obligation. All amounts payable to any Bondholder hereunder, or to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent under the Agency Agreement will, unless otherwise specified in these Conditions, be paid to such account as appears on the Bonds Register at 5:00 p.m. (local time in the place of payment) on the date falling five Business Days before the due date for any payment or as the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent shall notify to the Issuer, as the case may be, in accordance with the terms of the Agency Agreement. Bonds in certificated form shall be presented and surrendered for payment on maturity at the office of the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent or such other establishment as notified to the Bondholders from time to time in accordance with Section 15.7.

 

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4 Redemption

 

4.1 Redemption at the Option of the Issuer

 

On giving not less than 30 nor more than 60 days’ notice (an “Optional Redemption Notice”) to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, the Trustee and to the Bondholders in accordance with Section 15.7, the Issuer may elect to redeem all but not some only of the Bonds on the date (the “Optional Redemption Date”) specified in the Optional Redemption Notice at the Redemption Price:

 

(a) at any time on or after 24 August 2023, if the Parity Value on each of at least 20 Trading Days in any period of 30 consecutive Trading Days ending not more than seven Trading Days prior to the giving of the relevant Optional Redemption Notice, shall have equalled or exceeded €130,000, as verified by the Calculation Agent; or

 

(b) at any time if, prior to the date the relevant Optional Redemption Notice is given, Conversion Rights shall have been exercised and/or purchases (and corresponding cancellations) and/or redemptions effected in respect of 85 per cent. or more in principal amount of the Bonds originally issued (which shall for this purpose include any Further Bonds).

 

On the Optional Redemption Date, the Issuer shall redeem the Bonds at their Redemption Price.

 

4.2 Redemption at the Option of Bondholders upon a Change of Control

 

Following the occurrence of a Change of Control, the holder of each Bond will have the right to require the Issuer to redeem that Bond on the Change of Control Put Date at its Redemption Price. To exercise such right, the holder of the relevant Bond must deliver such Bond if in certificated form to the specified office of the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent or any Conversion Agent, together with a duly completed and signed notice of exercise in the form for the time being current obtainable from the specified office of the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent or any Conversion Agent (a “Change of Control Put Exercise Notice”), at any time during the Change of Control Period. The “Change of Control Put Date” shall be the fourteenth calendar day after the expiry of the Change of Control Period.

 

Payment in respect of any such Bond shall be made by transfer to a euro account with a bank in a city in which banks have access to the TARGET System as specified by the relevant Bondholder in the relevant Change of Control Put Exercise Notice.

 

A Change of Control Put Exercise Notice, once delivered, shall be irrevocable and the Issuer shall redeem all Bonds the subject of Change of Control Put Exercise Notices delivered as aforesaid on the Change of Control Put Date.

 

Within 14 calendar days following the occurrence of a Change of Control, the Issuer shall give notice thereof to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, the Trustee and the Bondholders in accordance with Section 15.7 (a “Change of Control Notice”). The Change of Control Notice shall contain a statement informing Bondholders of their entitlement to exercise their Conversion Rights as provided in these Conditions and their entitlement to exercise their rights to require redemption of their Bonds pursuant to this Section 4.2.

 

The Change of Control Notice shall also specify:

 

(a) all information material to Bondholders concerning the Change of Control;

 

(b) the Conversion Price immediately prior to the occurrence of the Change of Control and the Change of Control Conversion Price applicable pursuant to Section 5.4(c) during the Change

 

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of Control Period on the basis of the Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to the occurrence of the Change of Control;

 

(c) the Closing Price of the Shares as at the latest practicable date prior to the publication of the Change of Control Notice;

 

(d) the Change of Control Period;

 

(e) the Change of Control Put Date; and

 

(f) such other information relating to the Change of Control as the Trustee may reasonably require.

 

The Trustee shall not be required to monitor or take any steps to ascertain whether a Change of Control or any event which could lead to a Change of Control has occurred or may occur and will not be responsible or liable to Bondholders or any other person for any loss arising from any failure by it to do so.

 

4.3 Optional Redemption Notices

 

The Issuer shall not give an Optional Redemption Notice at any time during a Change of Control Period or an Offer Period or which specifies a date for redemption falling in a Change of Control Period or an Offer Period or the period of 21 days following the end of a Change of Control Period or Offer Period (whether or not the relevant notice was given prior to or during such Change of Control Period or Offer Period), and any such notice shall be invalid and of no effect (whether or not given prior to the relevant Change of Control Period or Offer Period) and the relevant redemption shall not be made.

 

Any Optional Redemption Notice shall be irrevocable. Any such notice shall specify (i) the Optional Redemption Date which shall be a Business Day, (ii) the Conversion Price, the aggregate principal amount of the Bonds outstanding and the Closing Price of the Shares, in each case as at the latest practicable date prior to the publication of the Optional Redemption Notice and (iii) the last day on which Conversion Rights may be exercised by Bondholders.

 

Offer Period” means any period commencing on the date of first public announcement of an offer or tender (howsoever described) by any person or persons in respect of all or a majority of the issued and outstanding Shares and ending on the date that offer or tender ceases to be open for acceptance or, if earlier, on which that offer or tender lapses or terminates or is withdrawn.

 

5 Conversion Rights

 

5.1 Conversion Rights and Conversion Price

 

(a) Conversion Rights

 

Subject as provided in these Conditions, each Bond shall entitle the Bondholder to require the Issuer to, provided that the relevant Conversion Date falls during the Conversion Period, convert each Bond into the relevant number of Shares as provided in Section 5.3 (“Conversion Rights”), as determined by the Calculation Agent by reference to the conversion price (the “Conversion Price”) in effect on the relevant Conversion Date.

 

Subject to and as provided in these Conditions, Conversion Rights may only be exercised from (and including) the Closing Date until (and including) the earlier of (a) the seventh Business Day preceding the Maturity Date or (b) if the Bonds have been called for redemption prior to the Maturity Date, the seventh Business Day preceding the relevant redemption date.

 

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The period during which Conversion Rights may (subject as provided herein) be exercised by a Bondholder is referred to as the “Conversion Period”.

 

(b) Conversion Price

 

The initial Conversion Price is €135.5750 per Share. The Conversion Price is subject to adjustment in the circumstances described in Section 5.4.

 

5.2 Procedures for Exercising Conversion Rights

 

(a) Delivery of Conversion Notice on exercise of Conversion Rights

 

Subject to the terms and conditions of this Section 5.2, each Bondholder may exercise its Conversion Rights by giving at its own expense to the Conversion Agent a conversion notice (and, if required under Section 5.2(c) below, the relevant Bond certificate) substantially in the form set forth in the Agency Agreement (a “Conversion Notice”). The Business Day following the day on which such Conversion Notice shall have been received (or, if such day is not a Business Day, the following Business Day) by the Conversion Agent shall be the “Conversion Date” and shall be deemed to be the date on which Conversion Rights have been exercised. Copies of the Conversion Notice can be obtained during normal business hours at the registered office of the Conversion Agent. Shares to be delivered following an exercise of Conversion Rights will be delivered as provided in Section 5.3(c). Once delivered to the Conversion Agent, a Conversion Notice will be irrevocable unless an Event of Default shall have occurred and is continuing on the Delivery Date, in which case the relevant Bondholders shall be entitled to revoke the relevant Conversion Notice by giving notice to the Conversion Agent.

 

(b) Write-down of Global Bond Certificate

 

If the Bondholder is a Central Securities Depository (as defined below) and the certificate evidencing the Bonds being converted is the Global Bond Certificate, the Bondholder must certify to the Conversion Agent that the principal amount of such global certificate will be written down upon the conversion to reflect such conversion as provided in the Agency Agreement.

 

(c) Surrender of Bond Certificates

 

Any other Bondholder must surrender any certificate evidencing the Bonds being converted to the Conversion Agent on or before the Conversion Date.

 

5.3 Delivery of Shares

 

(a) Delivery of Shares

 

Where Conversion Rights shall have been exercised by a Bondholder, the Issuer shall deliver to the relevant Bondholder such number of Shares equal to the Reference Shares in respect of such exercise, thereby satisfying by way of set off the obligation to pay up the issue price of the Shares (which issue price shall be equal to the principal amount of the Bonds to be converted).

 

(b) Fractions

 

Fractions of Shares will not be issued or transferred and delivered and no cash payment or other adjustment will be made in lieu thereof.

 

If a Conversion Right in respect of more than one Bond is exercised at any one time such that Shares to be issued or transferred and delivered in respect of such exercise are to be delivered to the same person, the number of Shares to be issued or transferred and delivered in respect

 

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thereof shall be calculated by the Calculation Agent on the basis of the aggregate principal amount of such Bonds, and rounded down to the nearest whole number of Shares in accordance with, and subject to, the definition of Reference Shares.

 

(c) Procedures for Delivery of Shares

 

Following the exercise of Conversion Rights by a Bondholder, the Issuer shall deliver, or procure the delivery, to the relevant Bondholder the Reference Shares (if any) on the relevant Delivery Date by crediting the account with the financial institution specified by the Bondholder in the relevant Conversion Notice with the Reference Shares, for so long as Euronext Amsterdam is the Relevant Exchange. If Euronext Amsterdam is not the Relevant Exchange, then delivery of the Reference Shares following the exercise of Conversion Rights shall be made in such manner and through such clearing system or depositary or other arrangement or facility as may be customary at the relevant time for delivery and settlement of transactions in the Shares on the Relevant Exchange at such time, as may be notified by the Issuer to the Bondholders.

 

All Shares delivered to Bondholders on exercise of Conversion Rights will be fully paid and non-assessable on the relevant Delivery Date. In these Conditions, “non-assessable” (which term has no equivalent in Dutch) means that neither the Issuer nor any other Person has any right to require the holder of a Share to pay to the Issuer or any other Person any additional or further amount solely as a result of its holding of such Share.

 

Delivery Date” means, in respect of any exercise of Conversion Rights, the date on which the relevant Reference Shares are issued or transferred and delivered to the relevant Bondholder, which shall be no later than the date falling five Trading Days following the relevant Conversion Date (or, in the case of Additional Shares, no later than the date falling five Trading Days following the relevant Reference Date).

 

(d) Settlement Disruption Event

 

If a Settlement Disruption Event occurs between the Conversion Date and the Delivery Date, and delivery of any Shares cannot be effected on the Delivery Date, then solely for purposes of this Section 5.3 the Delivery Date will be postponed until the first succeeding calendar day on which delivery of the Shares can take place through a national or international settlement system or in any other commercially reasonable manner.

 

(e) No Payment or Adjustment for Accrued Dividends

 

Shares made available to Bondholders on exercise of their Conversion Rights will rank pari passu in all respects with the fully paid Shares in issue on the relevant Delivery Date, except that Bondholders will not be entitled to receive any dividend or other distribution declared payable to holders of Shares by reference to a record date falling prior to the Delivery Date. No interest or other amount or adjustment will be paid or made in respect of any such dividend or dividends.

 

(f) Ranking

 

Where a Bondholder shall have exercised its Conversion Rights, the relevant Bondholder shall be entitled to all dividends, distributions and other entitlements determined by reference to a record date on or after the relevant Delivery Date.

 

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5.4 Adjustment of Conversion Price

 

(a) Non-Merger Events

 

The Conversion Price will be adjusted by (unless otherwise specified) the Calculation Agent as follows under the following circumstances (each, an “Adjustment Event”):

 

(i) Stock Split or Consolidation

 

If there shall have occurred a subdivision or consolidation of the Shares (except for a Merger Event) into a greater or lesser number of Shares, the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the date on which such event occurred by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 1 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(ii) Granting of Rights or Warrants for Shares

 

If the Issuer grants or causes to be granted a right, warrant or other security to existing holders of Shares as a class giving them the right to purchase or subscribe for additional Shares, (for the avoidance of doubt, other than constituting a Cash or Stock Dividend), the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the Ex-Date of such grant (or, if later, as of the first date on which the adjusted Conversion Price is capable of being determined in accordance with these Conditions) by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 2 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(iii) Sale of Shares at a Substantial Discount

 

If the Issuer issues Shares for no consideration or sells Shares for cash, or causes Shares to be sold for cash, for a price that is less than 95 per cent. of the Current Market Price for the Shares on the date of first public announcement of the terms of such sale (other than in the circumstances the subject of Section 5.4(a)(ii) or 5.4(a)(iv)), the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the date of issuance of the Shares by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 3 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(iv) Free Distributions of Shares

 

If the Issuer makes or causes to be made a free distribution of Shares by way of capitalisation of profits or reserves to existing holders of Shares as a class (other than constituting a Cash or Stock Dividend), the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the Ex-Date of such distribution by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 1 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(v) Free Distribution of an Equity-Linked Security

 

If the Issuer makes or causes to be made a free distribution or dividend of securities that are convertible, exchangeable or otherwise exercisable into the Shares to existing holders of Shares as a class (other than in the circumstances the subject of Section 5.4(a)(ii)), the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the Ex-Date of such free distribution or dividend (or, if later, as of the first date on which the adjusted Conversion Price is capable of being determined in accordance with these Conditions) by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 2 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(vi) Granting of Rights or Warrants for an Equity-Linked Security

 

If the Issuer grants or causes to be granted a right, warrant or other security to existing holders of Shares as a class giving them the right to purchase or subscribe for securities that are convertible, exchangeable or otherwise exercisable into the Shares, (other than in the circumstances the subject of Section 5.4(a)(v)) the Conversion Price will be

 

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adjusted as of the Ex-Date of such grant (or, if later, as of the first date on which the adjusted Conversion Price is capable of being determined in accordance with these Conditions) by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 2 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(vii) Issuance of Equity-Linked Securities at a Substantial Discount

 

If the Issuer issues for no consideration or issues and sells for cash, or causes to be issued and sold for cash, securities that are convertible, exchangeable or otherwise exercisable into, or grants rights or options to purchase or subscribe, Shares (other than in the circumstances the subject of Section 5.4(a)(v) or Section 5.4(a)(vi)) and the price per equity-linked security (determined on a per Share basis by reference to the initial conversion or exchange price or ratio) together with any other consideration received or receivable by the Issuer in respect of such equity-linked security (determined on a per Share basis as aforesaid) is less than 95 per cent. of the Current Market Price for the Shares on the date of first public announcement of the terms of such newly issued equity-linked securities, the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the date of issuance of such equity-linked security by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 3 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(viii) Granting of Rights or Warrants for other Property

 

If the Issuer grants a right, warrant or other security giving the right to purchase at less than Fair Market Value (determined as at the Ex-Date of such grant), any other property (not covered by another Section of this Section 5.4(a)) to existing holders of Shares, the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the Ex-Date of such grant (or, if later, as of the first date on which the adjusted Conversion Price is capable of being determined in accordance with these Conditions) by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 2 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(ix) Cash or Stock Dividend

 

If a Cash or Stock Dividend is paid or made on the Shares, where the Ex-Date in respect of such Cash or Stock Dividend falls on or after the Closing Date, then the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the Ex-Date of such Cash or Stock Dividend (or, if later, as of the first date on which the adjusted Conversion Price is capable of being determined in accordance with these Conditions), by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 5 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(x) Spin-off or Subdivision of Shares into Classes

 

If the Issuer distributes, or causes to be distributed, to existing holders of Shares (a “Spin-off Event”) equity securities of any entity other than the Issuer (the “Spin-off Securities”), or subdivides (a “Reclassification”) the Shares into two or more separately quoted classes of equity securities (such new classes of equity securities, the “Reclassified Securities”), then one of the following adjustments will be made (as appropriate and subject as provided therein), as selected by the Issuer (in consultation with an Independent Financial Adviser) from among the options applicable to such event, effective as of the Ex-Date of any Spin-off Event or as of the effective date of any Reclassification (or, if later, as of the first date on which the adjusted Conversion Price or other applicable adjustment pursuant to this Section 5.4(a)(x) is capable of being determined in accordance with these Conditions):

 

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(1) in the case of a Spin-off Event or a Reclassification where the Spin-off Securities or Reclassified Securities, as the case may be, are publicly traded on a Recognised Exchange, the Shares shall thereafter comprise the securities comprising either the Shares immediately prior to such adjustment together with the Spin-off Securities (in the case of a Spin-off Event) or the Reclassified Securities (in the case of a Reclassification), in either case in the same amount as the Bondholder would have been entitled to receive had he converted the Bonds into Shares immediately prior to the record date of such Spin-off Event or the effective date of such Reclassification;

 

(2) in the case of a Spin-off Event, the Conversion Price will be adjusted by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by the fraction expressed by Formula 2 in Section 5.4(b) below;

 

(3) in the case of a Spin-off Event, where the Spin-off Securities are publicly traded on a Recognised Exchange, within five Trading Days after the Ex-Date of the Spin-off Event, the Issuer will deliver the Spin-off Securities to each Bondholder in the same amount as the Bondholder would have been entitled to receive had he converted the Bonds into Shares immediately prior to the record date of such Spin-off Event or the effective date of such Reclassification; or

 

(4) in the case of a Spin-off Event, where the Spin-off Securities are publicly traded on a Recognised Exchange, within five Trading Days after the Ex-Date of the Spin-off Event, the Issuer will pay to each Bondholder an amount in cash in euros (rounded to the nearest €0.01, with €0.005 rounded upwards) equal to the number of such Spin-off Securities as such Bondholder would have been entitled to receive had he converted the Bonds into Shares immediately prior to the record date of such Spin-off Event multiplied by the Fair Market Value of the Spin-off Securities on a per Share basis.

 

If the Issuer selects option (1):

   

(y) in the case of a Spin-off Event, each Bond will thereafter be convertible into the Shares and the relevant Spin-off Securities (in the amount determined as provided in option (1) subject to adjustment mutatis mutandis as provided in these Conditions and for such purposes the initial Conversion Price in respect of such Spin-off Securities upon the relevant Spin-off Event shall be calculated by dividing the principal amount of each Bond by the number of Spin-off Securities the holder of such Bond would have been entitled to receive had he converted the Bonds into Shares immediately prior to the record date of such Spin-off Event).

   

No adjustment shall be made to the Conversion Price in respect of the Shares as a result of such Spin-off Event.

  

(z) in the case of a Reclassification, the Bonds will thereafter be convertible into each class of the Reclassified Securities (in each case in the amount determined as provided in option (1) subject to adjustment mutatis mutandis as provided in these Conditions) and for such purposes the initial Conversion Price in respect of each class of Reclassified Securities upon the Reclassification shall be calculated by

 

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dividing the principal amount of each Bond by the number of such Reclassified Securities as the holder of such Bond would have been entitled to receive had he converted the Bonds into Shares immediately prior to the effective date of such Reclassification. If the Issuer shall select option (3) or (4) the Bonds will continue to be convertible into Shares as provided in these Conditions and no adjustment shall be made to the Conversion Price as a result of the relevant Spin-off Event.

 

(xi) Share Buybacks by means of a Tender or Exchange Offer above Market

 

If the Issuer or any of its Subsidiaries commences a tender or exchange offer for the Shares and the Fair Market Value of the cash and other consideration offered per Share (determined as at the Expiration Time) exceeds the value of “P” in Formula 4 in Section 5.4(b) below, the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the Trading Day immediately following the Expiration Time (as defined below) (or, if later, as of the first date on which the adjusted Conversion Price is capable of being determined in accordance with these Conditions) by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by the fraction expressed by Formula 4 in Section 5.4(b) below. For the avoidance of doubt, this clause does not apply to on-market buybacks by the Issuer other than by means of a tender or exchange offer (such as on-market buybacks that are part of a buyback programme).

 

(b) Adjustment Formulae

 

The formulae to be applied in Section 5.4(a) above to adjust the Conversion Price are as follows:

 

Formula 1 (Sections 5.4(a)(i) and 5.4(a)(iv) above):

 

X

Y

 

where:

 

X = the number of Shares outstanding immediately prior to the occurrence of such event.

 

Y = the number of Shares outstanding immediately after the occurrence of such event.

 

Formula 2 (Sections 5.4(a)(ii), 5.4(a)(v), 5.4(a)(vi), 5.4(a)(viii) and 5.4(a)(x)(2) above):

 

P - d

   P

 

where:

 

P = the Current Market Price on the first day on which the Shares are traded on the Relevant Exchange ex the relevant distribution, dividend, rights, warrants or other securities or other property.

 

d = the Fair Market Value per Share of the distribution, dividend, rights, warrants or securities or other property the subject of the relevant grant, as the case may be, such Fair Market Value as aforesaid being determined as at the first day on which the Shares are traded on the Relevant Exchange ex such distribution, dividend, rights, warrants or other securities or other property.

 

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Formula 3 (Sections 5.4(a)(iii) and 5.4(a)(vii) above):

 

X + (Z x c/P)

X + Z

 

where:

 

X = the number of Shares outstanding immediately prior to the date of first public announcement of the terms of the relevant issue or sale.

 

P = the Current Market Price on the date of first public announcement of the terms of the relevant issue or sale.

 

Z = the number of (i) Shares to be sold or (ii) Shares into which such other securities to be sold or issued are convertible, exchangeable or otherwise exercisable.

 

c = the Fair Market Value (determined as of the date of such first public announcement) of (i) the sale price per security of the Shares to be sold or (ii) the sale price of the securities to be sold or issued that are convertible, exchangeable or otherwise exercisable into the Shares, together with the Fair Market Value (determined as of the date of such first public announcement) of any other consideration received or receivable in respect of such securities, in each case determined on a per Share basis by reference to the initial issue, sale, conversion or exchange price or ratio, as the case may be (and in any such case if the relevant Shares or securities are issued for no consideration, the sale price shall be zero).

 

Formula 4 (Section 5.4(a)(xi) above):

 

     N1 x P    

A + (N2 x P)

 

where:

 

N1 = the number of Shares outstanding at the latest time (the “Expiration Time”) tenders or exchanges may be made pursuant to such tender or exchange offer (as it shall have been amended), inclusive of all Shares validly tendered or exchanged and not withdrawn as of the Expiration Time (the “Purchased Shares”).

 

N2 = the number of Shares outstanding at the Expiration Time, exclusive of any Purchased Shares.

 

P = the Current Market Price of the Shares on the date of first public announcement of the terms of the tender or exchange offer.

 

A = the Fair Market Value (determined as at the Expiration Time) of the aggregate consideration payable to holders of Shares based on the acceptance (up to any maximum specified in the terms of the tender or exchange offer) of the Purchased Shares.

 

Formula 5 (Section 5.4(a)(ix) above):

 

P - d

P

 

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P = the Current Market Price of the Shares on the Ex-Date in respect of the relevant Cash or Stock Dividend.

 

d = the Fair Market Value of the relevant Cash or Stock Dividend per Share as at the Ex-Date of such Cash or Stock Dividend.

 

(c) Change of Control

 

If a Change of Control occurs, the Conversion Price (the “Change of Control Conversion Price”) in respect of any Bonds in respect of which Conversion Rights are exercised and the Conversion Date falls during the Change of Control Period, will be determined as set out below:

 

COCCP = OCP/(1+ (CP x c/t))

 

where:

 

COCCP = means the Change of Control Conversion Price

 

OCP = means the Conversion Price in effect on the relevant Conversion Date

 

CP = means 45 per cent.

 

c = means the number of days from and including the date the Change of Control occurs to but excluding the Maturity Date

 

t = means the number of days from and including the Closing Date to but excluding the Maturity Date

 

(d) Merger Events

 

If, in respect of a Merger Event, the consideration for the Shares consists (or, at the option of the holder of the Shares, may consist) of New Securities, Other Consideration or Combined Consideration, then on or after the Merger Date each Bond shall be convertible into the number of New Securities, the amount of Other Consideration or the amount of Combined Consideration, as the case may be, to which a holder of the number of Shares which would have been required to be delivered had such Bond been converted immediately prior to the Merger Event would be entitled upon consummation of the Merger Event. Where pursuant to the foregoing the Bonds will be convertible into property including or comprising New Securities, the initial Conversion Price in respect of such New Securities shall be calculated by dividing the principal amount of each Bond by the number of such New Securities (determined as provided above), all as determined by an Independent Financial Adviser.

 

(e) Other Adjustments

 

No adjustment to the Conversion Price will be required other than those specified above. However, if the Issuer (following consultation with the Calculation Agent) determines in good faith that an adjustment should be made to the Conversion Price (or that a determination should be made as to whether an adjustment should be made) as a result of one or more events or circumstances not referred to above in this Section 5.4 (even if the relevant events or circumstances are specifically excluded from the operation of any or all of Sections 5.4(a) and 5.4(c) above), the Issuer shall, at its own expense and acting reasonably, in consultation with the Calculation Agent, request an Independent Financial Adviser to determine as soon as practicable what adjustment (if any) to the Conversion Price is fair and reasonable to take account of such events or circumstances and the date on which such adjustment should take

 

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effect. Upon such determination, such adjustment (if any) shall be made and shall take effect in accordance with such determination.

 

(f) Procedures

 

Except as otherwise provided, the Calculation Agent (or, to the extent so specified in these Conditions, an Independent Financial Adviser) will make all adjustments to the Conversion Price pursuant to Sections 5.4(a), 5.4(c), 5.4(d) and 5.4(e) above, and its calculation shall be binding on all parties except in the event of bad faith or manifest or proven error.

 

The Calculation Agent shall act solely as agent of the Issuer and will not thereby assume any obligation towards, or relationship of agency or trust with, and shall not incur any liability in respect of anything done or omitted to be done when acting in such calculation agency capacity as against the Trustee or the Bondholders, and the Calculation Agent shall not be required or be under any duty to monitor whether any event or other circumstance shall have occurred that would give rise to an adjustment to the Conversion Price.

 

The Calculation Agent may consult, at the expense of the Issuer, on any matter (including but not limited to, any legal matter), any legal or other professional adviser and it shall be able to rely upon, and it shall not be liable and shall incur no liability as against the Trustee or the Bondholders in respect of anything done, or omitted to be done, relating to that matter in good faith in accordance with, that adviser’s opinion.

 

Any Independent Financial Adviser appointed pursuant to these Conditions will not assume any obligation towards or relationship of agency or trust with, and shall not be liable and shall incur no liability in respect of anything done, or omitted to be done in good faith, in accordance with these Conditions as against the Trustee or the Bondholders.

 

All references in the foregoing provisions to the number of Shares outstanding shall exclude Shares held by or on behalf of the Issuer or any Subsidiary.

 

None of the foregoing adjustment provisions shall apply to any bona fide plan for the benefit of employees, directors or consultants of the Issuer or any of its Subsidiaries now or hereafter in effect.

 

The Conversion Price resulting from any adjustment provided for in Section 5.4(a), 5.4(c) or 5.4(e) above will be rounded down to the nearest €0.0001, subject to Section 5.4(g).

 

(g) De Minimis Exception

 

No adjustment to the Conversion Price pursuant to Sections 5.4(a), 5.4(c) and 5.4(e) above will be made if the adjustment would result in a change in the Conversion Price of less than 1 per cent. of the then prevailing Conversion Price, provided that any adjustment that would otherwise be required to be made and any amount by which the Conversion Price has been rounded down pursuant to Section 5.4(f) above will be carried forward and taken into account in any subsequent adjustment.

 

(h) Notice

 

The Issuer shall give notice to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, the Trustee and the Bondholders in accordance with Section 15.7 of any change (or, at the Issuer’s discretion, any prospective change) to the Conversion Price as soon as reasonably practicable following such change (or, if the notice is given in respect of a prospective change, at such time as the Issuer shall determine).

 

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(i) No Adjustment

 

No adjustment will be made to the Conversion Price pursuant to this Section 5.4 where Shares or other securities (including rights, warrants and options) are issued, offered, exercised, allotted, purchased, appropriated, modified or granted to, or for the benefit of, employees or former employees (including directors holding or formerly holding executive office or non-executive office or the personal service company of any such person) or their spouses or relatives, in each case, of the Issuer or any of its Subsidiaries or any associated company or to a trustee or trustees to be held for the benefit of any such person, in any such case pursuant to any share or option scheme or pursuant to any dividend reinvestment plan or similar plan or scheme.

 

For the avoidance of doubt, other than an adjustment to the Conversion Price in respect of a consolidation of Shares pursuant to Section 5.4(a)(i), no adjustment to the Conversion Price shall result in an increase thereof.

 

The Conversion Price shall not in any event be reduced to below the nominal value of the Shares or any minimum value permitted by applicable laws or regulations or be reduced so that on conversion of the Bonds, Shares would fall to be issued in circumstances not permitted by applicable laws or regulations. The Issuer undertakes that it shall not take any action, and shall procure that no action is taken, that would otherwise result in an adjustment to the Conversion Price to below such nominal value or any minimum level permitted by applicable laws or regulations or that would otherwise result in Shares that would be required to be issued or transferred and delivered in circumstances not being permitted by applicable laws or regulations.

 

(j) Retroactive Adjustment

 

If a Retroactive Adjustment occurs in relation to any exercise of Conversion Rights, the Issuer shall procure that there shall be issued or transferred and delivered to the relevant Bondholder, in accordance with the instructions contained in the relevant Conversion Notice, such additional number of Shares (if any) (the “Additional Shares”) as, together with the Shares issued or transferred and delivered on the relevant exercise of Conversion Rights, is equal to the number of Shares which would have been required to be issued or transferred and delivered on such exercise if the relevant adjustment to the Conversion Price had been made and become effective immediately prior to the relevant Conversion Date, all as determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent or an Independent Financial Adviser, provided that if in the case of Section 5.4(a)(i), 5.4(a)(ii), 5.4(a)(iv), 5.4(a)(v), 5.4(a)(vi), 5.4(a)(viii), 5.4(a)(ix) or 5.4(a)(x) the relevant Bondholder shall be entitled to receive the relevant Shares, Cash or Stock Dividends or Securities in respect of the Shares to be issued or transferred and delivered to it, then no such Retroactive Adjustment shall be made in relation to the relevant event and the relevant Bondholder shall not be entitled to receive Additional Shares in relation thereto.

 

5.5 Stamp, Transfer, Registration or other Taxes or Duties

 

The Issuer shall pay all capital, stamp, issue, registration, transfer and other taxes or duties imposed by The Netherlands, or any jurisdiction in which the Issuer may be domiciled or resident or to whose taxing jurisdiction the Issuer may generally be subject or the jurisdiction where the Relevant Exchange is located, payable upon delivery of Shares on exercise of Conversion Rights (“Specified Taxes”). If the Issuer shall fail to pay any Specified Taxes, the relevant Bondholder shall be entitled to tender and pay the same and the Issuer as a separate and independent stipulation, covenants to reimburse and indemnify each Bondholder in respect of any payment thereof and any penalties payable in respect thereof.

 

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A Bondholder exercising Conversion Rights must pay directly to the relevant authorities any capital, stamp, issue, registration, transfer and other taxes or duties arising on the exercise of such Conversion Rights, other than any Specified Taxes. A Bondholder must also pay all, if any, taxes imposed on it and arising by reference to any disposal or deemed disposal by it of a Bond or interest therein in connection with the exercise of Conversion Rights by it.

 

Any duties or taxes payable by a Bondholder pursuant to this Section 5.5 in the jurisdiction of the Conversion Agent with whom the relevant Conversion Notice is deposited shall be required to be paid to such Conversion Agent as a condition precedent to conversion. None of the Issuer, the Trustee or any Agent will impose any charge upon the exercise of Conversion Rights.

 

5.6 Repurchase of Bonds

 

The Issuer and any Subsidiary may at any time purchase Bonds at any price in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions, provided that such purchases are in compliance with applicable law and stock exchange regulations. All Bonds which are so purchased will forthwith be cancelled and may not be reissued or resold, and the principal amount of the Global Bond Certificate will be reduced.

 

6 Withholding Taxes

 

All payments of principal and other amounts made by the Issuer in respect of the Bonds will be made without deduction or withholding for, or on account of, any present or future taxes, duties, assessments or governmental charges of whatever nature imposed or levied, collected, withheld or assessed by or on behalf of any Taxing Jurisdiction, unless the withholding or deduction of such taxes, duties, assessments or governmental charges is required by law or regulation or by the official interpretation thereof. If any corporation assumes the Issuer’s rights and obligations under the Bonds, the term “Taxing Jurisdiction” will include each jurisdiction in which such corporation is resident for tax purposes from the time it assumes the Issuer’s rights and obligations.

 

In the event that any such withholding or deduction is required to be made, the Issuer will pay such additional amounts as will result in the receipt by the Bondholders of the amounts which would otherwise have been receivable had no such withholding or deduction been required, except that no such additional amount shall be payable in respect of any Bond to a Bondholder (or to a third party on behalf of a Bondholder) who is subject to such taxes, duties, assessments or governmental charges in respect of such Bond by reason of its having some connection with such Taxing Jurisdiction otherwise than merely by holding the Bond or by the receipt of amounts in respect of the Bond.

 

References in these Conditions to principal and/or any other amounts payable in respect of the Bonds shall be deemed also to refer to any additional amounts which may be payable under this Section 6 or any undertaking or covenant given in addition thereto or in substitution therefor pursuant to the Trust Deed.

 

7 Covenants

 

So long as any Bond remains outstanding, save with the approval of an Extraordinary Resolution or with the prior written approval of the Trustee where, in its opinion, it is not materially prejudicial to the interests of the Bondholders to give such approval:

 

(a) Covenant not to Merge, Consolidate, Amalgamate, Sell, Lease or Transfer Assets under Certain Conditions: The Issuer will not consolidate or amalgamate with or merge into any other corporation or corporations (other than where the Issuer is the continuing entity), or sell, lease, or transfer all or substantially all its assets, unless (A) the corporation formed by such consolidation or amalgamation, or into which the Issuer shall have been merged, or which shall have acquired such assets upon any such sale, lease or transfer shall have expressly assumed the due and punctual payment of the principal

 

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of all the Bonds and the due and punctual performance and observance of all of the covenants and conditions of the Bonds to be performed or observed by the Issuer and (B) (x) each Bond shall thereafter be convertible into the class and amount of Shares and other securities, property and assets (including cash) receivable upon such consolidation, amalgamation or merger or sale, lease or transfer by a holder of the number of Shares which would have been required to be delivered had such Bond been converted into Shares immediately prior to such consolidation, amalgamation, merger, sale, lease or transfer or (y) if, in the case of any such sale, lease or transfer, no such Shares or other securities, property or assets are receivable by holders of Shares, the Bonds will be convertible into Shares or common stock or the like (comprising equity securities) of the corporation which shall have acquired the relevant assets on such basis and with a Conversion Price (subject to adjustment as provided in these Conditions) as determined in good faith by an Independent Financial Adviser. For the purposes thereof, the Issuer shall execute and deliver to each of the Agents a supplement to the Agency Agreement satisfactory to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent. Such supplement will provide for adjustments which will be as nearly equivalent as may be practicable to the adjustments provided for in these Conditions. The provisions of this Section 7(a) will apply in the same way to any subsequent consolidation, amalgamation, merger, sale, lease or transfer. In case of any such consolidation, amalgamation, merger, sale, lease or transfer, and following such an assumption by the successor corporation, such successor corporation will succeed to and be substituted for the Issuer with the same effect as if it had been named herein. In the event of any such consolidation, amalgamation, merger, sale, lease or transfer, following such an assumption by the successor corporation, the Issuer will be discharged from all obligations and covenants under the Bonds and the Agency Agreement and may be liquidated and dissolved.

 

(b) Reservation of Share Capital: The Issuer undertakes that it will at all times maintain treasury shares or authorised share capital, free of pre-emption rights sufficient in aggregate for the issuance of Shares that would be required to be delivered to Bondholders on exercise of Conversion Rights in respect of all outstanding Bonds from time to time.

 

(c) Listing of Shares: The Issuer undertakes to use all reasonable endeavours to ensure that the Shares issued upon exercise of the Conversion Rights will be admitted to listing and trading on the Relevant Exchange and will be listed, quoted or dealt in on any other stock exchange or securities market on which the Shares may then be listed or quoted or dealt in (which, for the avoidance of doubt, shall not including any other stock exchange or securities market on which American depository receipts relating to the Shares may then be listed or quoted or dealt in).

 

(d) Listing of Bonds: The Issuer undertakes to use its reasonable endeavours to cause the Bonds to be admitted to trading on the Open Market (Freiverkehr) of the Frankfurt Stock Exchange or another EEA or United Kingdom stock exchange or trading platform (the “Admission”) no later than 11 March 2021 and use its reasonable endeavours to maintain such Admission for so long as any of the Bonds remain outstanding.

 

(e) Terms and Conditions: The Issuer undertakes that by no later than the Closing Date it will (i) publish a copy of these Conditions (including a legend regarding the intended target market for the Bonds) on its website and (ii) thereafter (and for so long as any of the Bonds remain outstanding) maintain the availability of these Conditions (as the same may be amended in accordance with their terms) on such website.

 

(f) Independent Financial Adviser: The Issuer undertakes, whenever a function expressed in these Conditions to be performed by an Independent Financial Adviser falls to be performed, to appoint and (for so long as such function is required to be performed) maintain an Independent Financial Adviser.

  

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8 Events of Default

 

If any of the following events (each an “Event of Default”) occurs and is continuing, the Trustee at its discretion may, and if so requested by a meeting of Bondholders shall, give notice to the Issuer at its registered office that the Bonds are, and they shall accordingly immediately become, due and repayable at their Redemption Price:

 

(a) Payment Default: the Issuer fails to pay the principal of, or any other amount in respect of, any Bonds when the same becomes due and payable and such failure continues for a period of 10 days; or

 

(b) Conversion: there is a failure to issue or transfer and deliver Shares upon exercise of Conversion Rights when the same is required to be delivered or otherwise a failure to duly and punctually comply with any of the Issuer’s obligations in respect of the exercise of Conversion Rights and such default continues for a period of seven days; or

 

(c) Breach of Agreement: a default in the observance or performance of any other covenant or agreement contained in these Conditions or the Trust Deed which default continues for a period of 30 days after the Issuer receives written notice specifying the default (and demanding that such default be remedied) from the Trustee; or

 

(d) Cross-Default: (i) any other present or future indebtedness of the Issuer or any of its Material Subsidiaries for or in respect of moneys borrowed or raised becomes (or becomes capable of being declared) due and payable prior to its stated maturity by reason of any actual or potential default, event of default or the like (howsoever described), or (ii) any such indebtedness is not paid when due or, as the case may be, within any originally applicable grace period, or (iii) the Issuer or any of its Material Subsidiaries fails to pay when due any amount payable by it under any present or future guarantee for, or indemnity in respect of, any moneys borrowed or raised provided that the aggregate amount of the relevant indebtedness, guarantees and indemnities in respect of which one or more of the events mentioned above in this Section 8(d) have occurred equals or exceeds €25,000,000 or its equivalent (as reasonably determined by the Trustee); or

 

(e) Insolvency:

 

(i) the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary:

 

(A) is unable or admits inability to pay its debts generally as they fall due;

 

(B) suspends making payments on any of its debts generally; or

 

(C) by reason of actual or anticipated financial difficulties, commences negotiations with one or more of its creditors with a view to rescheduling all or a material part of its indebtedness.

 

(ii) a moratorium is declared in respect of any indebtedness of the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary; or

 

(f) Insolvency Proceedings:

 

(i) the suspension of payments, a moratorium of any indebtedness, winding-up, dissolution, administration or reorganisation (by way of voluntary arrangement, scheme of arrangement or otherwise) of the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary other than a solvent liquidation or reorganisation of any Material Subsidiary (other than the Issuer);

 

(ii) a composition, compromise, assignment or arrangement with any creditor of the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary;

 

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(iii) the appointment of a liquidator (other than in respect of a solvent liquidation of any Material Subsidiary), receiver, administrative receiver, administrator, compulsory manager or other similar officer in respect of the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary or any of its assets, which, in the case of an involuntary case or proceeding, remains unstayed and in effect for a period of 90 consecutive days; or

 

(iv) any analogous procedure or step to those described in (i) to (iii) above is taken in any jurisdiction; or

 

This paragraph (f) shall not apply to any winding-up petition which is frivolous or vexatious and is discharged, stayed or dismissed within 30 days of commencement.

 

(g) Creditors’ Process: any expropriation, attachment, sequestration, distress or execution affects any material part of the asset or assets of the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary provided that it shall not be an Event of Default under this paragraph (g) if the relevant expropriation, attachment, sequestration, distress or execution is released or discharged within, in respect of an interlocutory attachment (conservatoir beslag), 30 days and, in respect of any other attachment, 14 days; or

 

(h) Analogous Proceedings: there occurs, in relation to any Material Subsidiary, in any jurisdiction to which it or any of its assets are subject, any event which reasonably corresponds with any of those mentioned in Section 8(e) to 8(g) above; or

 

(i) Illegality: it is or will become unlawful for the Issuer to perform or comply with any one or more of its obligations under any of the Bonds or the Trust Deed; or

 

(j) Cessation of Business: the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary ceases (or threatens to cease) to carry on all or a substantial part of its business.

 

9 Meetings of Bondholders, Modification and Waiver

 

9.1 Meetings of Bondholders

 

The Trust Deed contains provisions for convening meetings of Bondholders to consider matters affecting their interests, including the sanctioning by Extraordinary Resolution of a modification of any of these Conditions or any provisions of the Trust Deed. Such a meeting may be convened by the Issuer or the Trustee and shall be convened by the Issuer if requested in writing by Bondholders holding not less than 10 per cent. in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding. The quorum for any meeting convened to consider an Extraordinary Resolution will be one or more persons holding or representing a clear majority in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding, or at any adjourned meeting one or more persons being or representing Bondholders whatever the principal amount of the Bonds so held or represented, unless the business of such meeting includes consideration of proposals, inter alia, (i) to change the Maturity Date in respect of the Bonds, (ii) to modify the circumstances in which the Issuer or Bondholders are entitled to redeem the Bonds pursuant to Section 4.1 or 4.2 (other than removing the right of the Issuer to redeem the Bonds pursuant to Section 4.1), (iii) to reduce or cancel the principal amount of the Bonds or to reduce the amount payable on redemption of the Bonds, (iv) to modify the provisions relating to, or cancel, Conversion Rights or the rights of Bondholders to receive Shares on exercise of Conversion Rights pursuant to these Conditions (other than a reduction to the Conversion Price), (v) to increase the Conversion Price (other than in accordance with these Conditions), (vi) to change the currency of the denomination of the Bonds or of any payment in respect of the Bonds, (vii) to change the governing law of the Bonds, the Trust Deed or the Agency Agreement, or (viii) to modify the provisions concerning the quorum required at any meeting of Bondholders or the majority required to pass an Extraordinary Resolution, in which case the necessary quorum will be one or more persons holding or representing not less than two-thirds, or at any adjourned meeting not less than one-half, in

 

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principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding. Any Extraordinary Resolution duly passed by the Bondholders shall be binding on all Bondholders (whether or not they were present at any meeting at which such resolution was passed and whether or not they voted on such resolution).

 

The Trust Deed provides that (i) a resolution in writing signed by or on behalf of the holders of not less than 75 per cent. of the aggregate principal amount of Bonds outstanding (which may be contained in one document or several documents in the same form, each signed by or on behalf of one or more Bondholders) or (ii) consents given by way of electronic consent through the relevant clearing system(s) (in a form satisfactory to the Trustee) by or on behalf of the holders of not less than 75 per cent. of the aggregate principal amount of the Bonds outstanding, shall, in any such case, be effective as an Extraordinary Resolution passed at a meeting of Bondholders duly convened and held.

 

9.2 Modification and Waiver

 

The Trustee may agree, without the consent of the Bondholders, to (i) any modification of any of the provisions of the Trust Deed, any trust deed supplemental to the Trust Deed, the Agency Agreement, any agreement supplemental to the Agency Agreement, the Bonds or these Conditions which in the Trustee’s opinion is of a formal, minor or technical nature or is made to correct a manifest error or to comply with mandatory provisions of law, and (ii) any other modification to the Trust Deed, any trust deed supplemental to the Trust Deed, the Agency Agreement, any agreement supplemental to the Agency Agreement, the Bonds or these Conditions (except as mentioned in the Trust Deed), and any waiver or authorisation of any breach or proposed breach, of any of the provisions of the Trust Deed, any trust deed supplemental to the Trust Deed, the Agency Agreement, any agreement supplemental to the Agency Agreement, the Bonds or these Conditions which is, in the opinion of the Trustee, not materially prejudicial to the interests of the Bondholders. The Trustee may, without the consent of the Bondholders, determine that any Event of Default should not be treated as such, provided that in the opinion of the Trustee, the interests of Bondholders will not be materially prejudiced thereby. Any such modification, authorisation, waiver or determination shall be binding on the Bondholders and, if the Trustee so requires, shall be notified to the Bondholders promptly in accordance with Section 15.7.

 

9.3 Entitlement of the Trustee

 

In connection with the exercise of its functions (including but not limited to those referred to in this Section 9) the Trustee shall have regard to the interests of the Bondholders as a class but shall not have regard to any interests arising from circumstances particular to individual Bondholders (whatever their number) and, in particular but without limitation, shall not have regard to the consequences of the exercise of its trusts, powers or discretions for individual Bondholders resulting from their being for any purpose domiciled or resident in, or otherwise connected with, or subject to the jurisdiction of, any particular territory, and the Trustee shall not be entitled to require, nor shall any Bondholder be entitled to claim, from the Issuer or any other person any indemnification or payment in respect of any tax consequence of any such exercise upon individual Bondholders, except to the extent provided for in these Conditions or the Trust Deed.

 

10 Enforcement

 

The Trustee may at any time, at its discretion and without notice, take such proceedings, actions or steps (including lodging an appeal in any proceedings) against the Issuer as it may think fit to enforce the provisions of the Trust Deed and the Bonds, but it shall not be bound to take any such proceedings, actions or steps in relation to the Trust Deed or the Bonds unless (i) it shall have been so directed by an Extraordinary Resolution of the Bondholders or so requested in writing by the holders of at least one-quarter in principal amount of the Bonds then outstanding, and (ii) it shall have been indemnified and/or secured and/or pre-funded to its satisfaction.

 

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No Bondholder shall be entitled to (i) take any proceedings, actions or steps against the Issuer to enforce the performance of any of the provisions of the Trust Deed or the Bonds or (ii) take any other proceedings, actions or steps (including lodging an appeal in any proceedings) in respect of or concerning the Issuer, in each case unless the Trustee, having become bound so to take any such proceedings, actions or steps, fails so to do within a reasonable period and the failure shall be continuing.

 

11 The Trustee

 

The Trust Deed contains provisions for the indemnification of the Trustee and for its relief from responsibility, including provisions limiting or excluding its liability in certain circumstances.

 

The Trustee is entitled to enter into business transactions with the Issuer and any entity related to the Issuer without accounting for any profit.

 

The Trust Deed provides that, when determining whether an indemnity or any security or pre-funding is satisfactory to it, the Trustee shall be entitled (i) to evaluate its risk in any given circumstance by considering the worst-case scenario and (ii) to require that any indemnity or security or pre-funding given to it by the Bondholders or any of them be given on a joint and several basis and be supported by evidence satisfactory to it as to the financial standing and creditworthiness of each counterparty and/or as to the value of the security and an opinion as to the capacity, power and authority of each counterparty and/or the validity and effectiveness of the security.

 

The Trustee may rely without liability to Bondholders on a report, confirmation or certificate or any advice of any accountants, financial advisers, financial institution or other expert, whether or not addressed to it and whether their liability in relation thereto is limited (by its terms or by any engagement letter relating thereto entered into by the Trustee or in any other manner) by reference to a monetary cap, methodology or otherwise. The Trustee may accept and shall be entitled to rely on any such report, confirmation or certificate or advice and such report, confirmation or certificate or advice shall be binding on the Issuer, the Trustee and the Bondholders.

 

12 Agents

 

12.1 Agent to the Issuer

 

The Agents and the Calculation Agent, when acting in that capacity, act solely as agents of the Issuer (and, if applicable after an Event of Default has occurred, of the Trustee) and do not assume any obligation towards or relationship of agency or trust for or with any Bondholder or any Person holding an interest in respect of any Bond through an account with a financial intermediary or otherwise.

 

12.2 Appointment and Termination of Agents and the Calculation Agent

 

The Issuer has initially appointed the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, the Registrar, the Conversion Agents and the Calculation Agent for the Bonds as stated above. The Issuer may at any time, with the approval of the Trustee, appoint additional or other Agents or Calculation Agent and terminate the appointment of such Agents or Calculation Agent. Notice of any such termination or appointment and of any change in the office through which any Agent will act will be promptly given to each Bondholder in the manner described in Section 15.7 hereof.

 

12.3 Duty to Maintain Office

 

As long as the Bonds, including in the event that some but not all Bonds originally issued, are outstanding, the Issuer shall maintain a Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent and a Calculation Agent which shall each be a financial institution of international repute or a financial adviser with appropriate expertise.

 

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13 Securities Holding Structure

 

13.1 Form and Custody of Bonds

 

The entire issue of the Bonds will be initially evidenced by a global certificate (the “Global Bond Certificate”) in fully registered form which will be deposited on the Closing Date with and registered in the name of a common depositary or its nominee for Euroclear Bank SA/NV (“Euroclear”) and Clearstream Banking S.A. (“Clearstream, Luxembourg” and together with Euroclear, the “Central Securities Depositories” and each a “Central Securities Depository”).

 

13.2 Multi-Tiered Holding System

 

As long as the Global Bond Certificate is on deposit with the Central Securities Depositories or any of their respective successors, then:

 

(a) any Person wishing to acquire, hold or transfer an interest in respect of the Bonds must do so through an account with a Central Securities Depository or any of their respective successors or another financial intermediary holding an equivalent interest in respect of the Bonds directly or indirectly through a Central Securities Depository or any of its successors;

 

(b) there will be one or more financial intermediaries standing between each such accountholder and the underlying Bonds;

 

(c) the Issuer and the Trustee will have the right to treat the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors or agents as the holders or Persons exclusively entitled to receive payments or property in respect of or in exchange for the Bonds, including the Shares, and otherwise to exercise all the rights and powers with respect to any Bond;

 

(d) the obligation of the Issuer to make payments of principal (except as provided by a Bondholder pursuant to a Change of Control Put Exercise Notice or Conversion Notice) and other amounts with respect to any Bond shall be discharged at the time payment in the appropriate amount is made in accordance with the Agency Agreement to a Central Securities Depository or its successor or agent;

 

(e) the obligation of the Issuer to deliver Shares upon the exercise by any Bondholder of any Conversion Rights shall be discharged at the time the Shares are delivered to a Central Securities Depository or its successor or agent in accordance with Section 5.3; and

 

(f) any Person that acquires, holds or transfers an interest in respect of any Bond through accounts with a Central Securities Depository or with any other financial intermediary will be subject to the laws and contractual provisions governing such Person’s relationship with its financial intermediary, as well as the laws and contractual provisions governing the relationship between its financial intermediary and each other financial intermediary, if any, standing between such Person and the Global Bond Certificate and the Bonds Register to determine (A) the legal nature of its interest in respect of any Bond and whether such interest is protected against the insolvency of its financial intermediary or any other financial intermediary standing between such Person and the underlying Bonds and the Bonds Register, (B) whether a Central Securities Depository or its successor, and each other financial intermediary, if any, standing between such Person and the underlying Bonds and the Bonds Register, is required to enforce the payment and other terms of the Bonds against the Issuer or to put its accountholders in a position to do so directly and (C) whether such Person’s financial intermediary and each other financial intermediary, if any, standing between such Person and the underlying Bonds and the Bonds Register is required to pass on to such Person the benefits of ownership of any Bonds.

  

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13.3 Right to Obtain Individual Certificates in Exchange for the Global Bond Certificate

 

Except as described in this Section 13.3, the Global Bond Certificate will not be exchangeable for individual certificates each evidencing a single Bond or less than the entire issue of the Bonds. Subject to the foregoing sentence, if (A) a Central Securities Depository or its successor notifies the Issuer that it is unwilling or unable to continue as depository and a successor depository is not appointed within 14 days, (B) an Event of Default shall have occurred and the maturity of the Bonds shall have been accelerated in accordance with these Conditions or (C) the Issuer shall have decided in its sole discretion that the Bonds should no longer be evidenced solely by the Global Bond Certificate, then upon having prepared a deed or deeds with a fixed date, governed by Dutch law, between the relevant Bondholder, the relevant Central Securities Depository and the relevant accountholders of such Central Securities Depository with an interest in such Bonds:

 

(a) the Issuer will promptly and in any event not later than 10 Business Days thereafter cause individual certificates each evidencing a single Bond or such other number of Bonds as specified by the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors to be duly executed, authenticated and delivered to the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors and, registered in the name of the relevant Central Securities Depository or its nominee, against surrender of the Global Bond Certificate by the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors;

 

(b) notwithstanding any other provision of these Conditions or the Agency Agreement, the individual certificates so delivered to the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors may be delivered by them to their respective accountholders in such amounts as shall correspond to the amount of Bonds credited to the accounts of such accountholders on the records of the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors at the time of such delivery and, the Issuer will register the Bonds evidenced by such individual certificates in such names and amounts as the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors shall specify to the Issuer or the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, which specification shall serve as notification of transfer (mededeling); and

 

(c) if for any reason individual certificates are not issued, authenticated and delivered to the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors in accordance with Sections 13.3(a) and 13.3(b) above, then:

 

(i) each Central Securities Depository or its respective successor may provide to each of its accountholders a statement of each accountholder’s interest in the Bonds evidenced by the Global Bond Certificate held by such Central Securities Depository or its successor, together with a copy of the Global Bond Certificate; and

 

(ii) notwithstanding any other provision of these Conditions or of the Agency Agreement, each such accountholder or its successors and assigns without prejudice to Section 10 above, (x) shall have a claim, directly against the Issuer, for the payment of any amount due or to become due in respect of such accountholder’s interest in the Bonds evidenced by the Global Bond Certificate, and shall be empowered to bring any claim, to the extent of such accountholder’s interest in the Bonds evidenced by the Global Bond Certificate and to the exclusion of such Central Securities Depository or its successor, that as a matter of law could be brought by the holder of the Global Bond Certificate and the Person in whose name the Bonds are registered and (y) may, without the consent and to the exclusion of such Central Securities Depository or its successor, file any claim, take any action or institute any proceeding, directly against the Issuer, to compel the payment of such amount or enforce any such rights, as fully as though the interest of such accountholder in the Bonds evidenced by the Global Bond Certificate were

 

 

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evidenced by an individual certificate in such accountholder’s actual possession and as if an amount of Bonds equal to such accountholder’s stated interest were registered in such accountholder’s name and without the need to produce the Global Bond Certificate in its original form. This Section 13.3(c)(ii) constitutes an unconditional and irrevocable third party stipulation (derdenbeding, as used in Section 6:253 of the Dutch Civil Code).

 

For purposes of this Section 13.3, the account records of a Central Securities Depository or its successor will, in the absence of manifest error, be conclusive evidence of the identity of each accountholder that has any interest in the Bonds evidenced by the Global Bond Certificate held by such Central Securities Depository or its successor and the amount of such interest. Individual certificates will be issued in denominations of €100,000 of that amount and, when delivered against surrender of such Global Bond Certificate shall be issued in registered form without coupons.

 

13.4 Direct Holding System

 

Subject to Section 13.2, if the Global Bond Certificate is exchanged for individual certificates each evidencing a single Bond or less than the entire issue of Bonds, then:

 

(a) the Issuer and the Trustee will have the right to treat each Bondholder as the holder and Person exclusively entitled to receive payments or property in respect of or in exchange for the Bonds, including the Shares, and otherwise to exercise all the rights and powers with respect to any Bond;

 

(b) the obligation of the Issuer to make payments of principal and other amounts with respect to the Bonds shall be discharged at the time payment in the appropriate amount is made in accordance with the Agency Agreement to each Bondholder; and

 

(c) the obligation of the Issuer to deliver Shares upon the exercise by any Bondholder of any Conversion Rights shall be discharged at the time the Shares are delivered to such Bondholder in accordance with Section 5.3.

 

13.5 Lost, Stolen or Mutilated Certificates

 

In case any certificate evidencing one or more Bonds shall become mutilated, defaced or apparently destroyed, lost or stolen, the Issuer may execute, and, upon the request of the Issuer, the Registrar shall authenticate and deliver, a new certificate evidencing such Bonds, bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding, in exchange and substitution for the mutilated or defaced certificate evidencing such Bonds or in lieu of and in substitution for the apparently destroyed, lost or stolen certificate evidencing such Bonds. In every case the applicant for a substitute certificate evidencing such Bonds shall furnish to the Issuer and to the Registrar such security or indemnity as may be required by them to indemnify and defend and to save each of them and any agent of the Issuer or the Registrar harmless and, in every case of destruction, loss or theft, evidence to their satisfaction of the apparent destruction, loss or theft of such certificate evidencing such Bonds and of the ownership thereof. Upon the issuance of any substitute certificate evidencing such Bonds, the Issuer may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Registrar) connected therewith together with such indemnity or security as is reasonably required by the Issuer and the Registrar.

 

14 Definitions

 

As used herein, the following capitalised terms have the meanings set forth below:

 

Additional Shares” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(j)

 

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Agency Agreement” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Agents” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Bondholder” means any Person who is registered as the owner of such Bonds on the Bonds Register.

 

Bonds” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Bonds Register” means the register of the Bonds maintained by the Registrar to register ownership of the Bonds.

 

Business Day” means a calendar day other than a Saturday or a Sunday which in Amsterdam is neither a public holiday nor a calendar day on which banking institutions are closed and, in the case of payments in euro, on which the TARGET System is open and, in the case of surrender of a certificate evidencing a Bond, in the place where such certificate is surrendered.

 

Calculation Agent” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Capital Markets Indebtedness” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.2.

 

cash” includes any promise or undertaking to pay cash or any release or extinguishment of, or set-off against, a liability to pay a cash amount.

 

Cash or Stock Dividend” means (i) any dividend or distribution paid or payable solely in cash on a Share, and (ii) any dividend or distribution which shall be treated to be paid or payable in cash on a Share pursuant to the following provisions:

 

(a) (i) where a dividend or distribution in cash is announced which is to be, or may at the election of a holder or holders of a Share be, satisfied by the issue or delivery of Shares or other property or assets; or

 

  (ii) where a capitalisation of profits or reserves is announced which is to be, or may at the election of a holder or holders of a Share be, satisfied by the payment of cash,

 

then the dividend, distribution or capitalisation in question shall be treated as a dividend or distribution in cash of an amount equal to the greater of:

 

(x) the Fair Market Value of such cash amount as at the Ex-Date in relation to such dividend or distribution; and

 

(y) the Current Market Price of such Shares, or, as the case may be, the Fair Market Value of such other property or assets, as at the Ex-Date in relation to such dividend or distribution or capitalisation or, in any such case, if later, the date on which the number of Shares (or amount of such other property or assets, as the case may be) which may be issued or delivered is determined; or

 

(b) where there shall be (other than in the circumstances the subject of paragraph (a) above) any issue of Shares by way of capitalisation of profits or reserves where such issue is expressed to be, or in lieu of, a dividend or distribution in cash (whether or not a cash dividend or distribution equivalent or amount is announced or would otherwise be payable to holders of the Shares, whether at their election or otherwise), then the issue in question shall be treated as a dividend or distribution in cash of an amount equal to the Current Market Price of such Shares as at the Ex-Date in respect of such dividend or entitlement in relation to such issue or, if later, the date on which the number of Shares to be issued is determined.

 

Central Securities Depositories” has the meaning set forth in Section 13.1.

 

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A “Change of Control” shall occur if a person or persons acting together acquires or acquire directly or indirectly (i) more than 50 per cent. of Voting Rights or (ii) the right to appoint and/or remove all or a majority of the members of the management board (raad van bestuur) or supervisory board (raad van commissarissen) of the Issuer.

 

Change of Control Conversion Price” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(c).

 

Change of Control Notice” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.2.

 

Change of Control Period” means the period commencing on the occurrence of a Change of Control and ending 60 calendar days following the Change of Control or, if later, 60 calendar days following the date on which a Change of Control Notice is given to Bondholders as required by Section 4.2.

 

Change of Control Put Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.2.

 

Change of Control Put Exercise Notice” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.2.

 

Closing Date” means 9 February 2021.

 

Closing Price” means, in respect of a Share, Security, Reclassified Security or, as the case may be, a Spin-off Security, option, warrant or other right or asset, on any Trading Day in respect thereof, the closing price of a Share, Security, Reclassified Security, or, as the case may be, a Spin-off Security, option, warrant or other right or asset published by or derived from Bloomberg page HP (setting “Last Price”, or any other successor setting and using values not adjusted for any event occurring after such Trading Day; and for the avoidance of doubt, all values will be determined with all adjustment settings on the DPDF Page, or any successor or similar setting, switched off) in respect of such Share, Security, Reclassified Security, Spin-off Security, options, warrants or other rights or assets and such Relevant Exchange (and for the avoidance of doubt such Bloomberg page for the Shares as at the Closing Date is TKWY NA Equity HP) if any, or, in any other case, such other pricing source (if any) as shall be determined to be appropriate by an Independent Financial Adviser on such Trading Day and translated, if not in the Relevant Currency, into the Relevant Currency at the Prevailing Rate on such Trading Day, provided that if on any such Trading Day (for the purpose of this definition, the “Original Date”) such price is not available or cannot otherwise be determined as provided above, the Closing Price of a Share, Security, Reclassified Security, a Spin-off Security, option, warrant or other right or asset, as the case may be, in respect of such Trading Day shall be the Closing Price, determined as provided above, on the immediately preceding such Trading Day on which the same can be so determined, and further provided that if such immediately preceding Trading Day falls prior to the fifth day before the Original Date, an Independent Financial Adviser shall determine the Closing Price in respect of the Original Date in good faith, all as determined by (where specifically provided above) an Independent Financial Adviser or (in any other case) the Calculation Agent.

 

Combined Consideration” means New Securities in combination with Other Consideration.

 

Conditions” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.2.

 

Conversion Agent” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Conversion Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.2.

 

Conversion Notice” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.2.

 

Conversion Period” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.1.

 

Conversion Price” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.1.

 

Conversion Rights” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.1.

 

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Current Market Price” means, in respect of a Share at a particular date, the arithmetic average of the daily Volume Weighted Average Price of a Share on each of the five consecutive Trading Days ending on the Trading Day immediately preceding such date, as determined by the Calculation Agent, provided that:

 

(a) for the purposes of determining the Current Market Price pursuant to Section 5.4(a)(ii) or (iii) (and pursuant to Formulas 2 and 3 when used in the application thereof) in circumstances where the relevant event relates to an issue of Shares, if at any time during the said five Trading Day period (which may be on each of such five Trading Days) the Volume Weighted Average Price shall have been based on a price ex-dividend (or ex- any other entitlement) and/or during some other part of that period (which may be on each of such five Trading Days) the Volume Weighted Average Price shall have been based on a price cum-dividend (or cum- any other entitlement), in any such case which has been declared or announced, then:

 

(i) if the Shares to be so issued do not rank for the dividend (or entitlement) in question, the Volume Weighted Average Price on the dates on which the Shares shall have been based on a price cum-dividend (or cum- any other entitlement) shall for the purpose of this definition be deemed to be the amount thereof reduced by an amount equal to the Fair Market Value of any such dividend or entitlement per Share as at the Ex-Date in respect of such dividend or entitlement (or, where on each of the said five Trading Days the Volume Weighted Average Price shall have been based on a price cum-dividend (or cum-any other entitlement), as at the date of first public announcement of such dividend or entitlement), in any such case, determined by the Calculation Agent on a gross basis and disregarding any withholding or deduction required to be made on account of tax, and disregarding any associated tax credit; or

 

(ii) if the Shares to be so issued or transferred and delivered (if applicable) do rank for the dividend or entitlement in question, the Volume Weighted Average Price on the dates on which the Shares shall have been based on a price ex-dividend (or ex- any other entitlement) shall for the purpose of this definition be deemed to be the amount thereof increased by an amount equal to the Fair Market Value of any such dividend or entitlement per Share as at the Ex-Date in respect of such dividend or entitlement, in any such case, determined by the Calculation Agent on a gross basis and disregarding any withholding or deduction required to be made for or on account of tax, and disregarding any associated tax credit; and

 

(b) if any day during the said five Trading Day period was the Ex-Date in relation to any dividend (or any other entitlement) the Volume Weighted Average Prices that shall have been based on a price cum- such dividend (or cum- such entitlement) shall for the purpose of this definition be deemed to be the amount thereof reduced by an amount equal to the Fair Market Value of any such dividend or entitlement per Share as at the Ex-Date in respect of such dividend or entitlement.

 

Deemed Ex-Date” means in respect of any Adjustment Event (i) the Ex-Date in relation to any Adjustment Event pursuant to Sections 5.4(a)(i), 5.4(a)(ii), 5.4(a)(iv), 5.4(a)(v), 5.4(a)(vi), 5.4(a)(viii), 5.4(a)(ix) or 5.4(a)(x) or (ii) the relevant date of first public announcement as referred to in Sections 5.4(a)(iii) or 5.4(a)(vii) (or the Trading Day immediately following the Expiration Time as referred to in Sections 5.4(a)(xi)) in respect of which an adjustment is required to be made to the Conversion Price pursuant to Sections 5.4(a)(iii) or 5.4(a)(vii) (or, as the case may be, Section 5.4(a)(xi)).

 

Deemed Record Date” means in respect of any Adjustment Event (i) the record date or other due date for the establishment of entitlement in respect of the relevant Adjustment Event pursuant to Sections 5.4(a)(i), 5.4(a)(ii), 5.4(a)(iv), 5.4(a)(v), 5.4(a)(vi), 5.4(a)(viii), 5.4(a)(ix) or 5.4(a)(x) or (ii) (in respect of any other Adjustment Event) the Deemed Ex-Date in respect thereof.

 

Delivery Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.3(c).

 

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Dividend Determination Date” means the record date or other due date for establishment of entitlement in respect of the relevant Cash or Stock Dividend.

 

equity securities” means, in relation to any entity, its issued share capital, excluding any part of that capital which does not carry any right to participate beyond a specified amount in a distribution of dividends or assets.

 

euro” and “€” means the currency introduced at the start of the third stage of the European economic and monetary union pursuant to the Treaty establishing the European Community, as amended.

 

Euronext Amsterdam” means Euronext in Amsterdam, a regulated market of Euronext Amsterdam N.V. or any successor thereof.

 

Event of Default” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.

 

Ex-Date” means, in respect of any Cash or Stock Dividend, other dividend, distribution, entitlement, capitalisation, resignation, reclassification, sub-division, issue, offer, grant or other entitlement, the first date on which the Shares are traded ex- such relevant Cash or Stock Dividend, other dividend, distribution, entitlement, capitalisation, resignation, reclassification, sub-division, issue, offer, grant or other entitlement on the Relevant Exchange (or, in the case of a dividend which is a purchase or redemption of Shares (or, as the case may be, any depositary or other receipts or certificates representing Shares), the date on which such purchase or redemption is made).

 

Expiration Time” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(b).

 

Extraordinary Resolution” has the meaning set forth in the Trust Deed.

 

Fair Market Value” means, on any date (the “FMV Date”):

 

(a) in the case of a Cash or Stock Dividend, the amount of such Cash or Stock Dividend, as determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent;

 

(b) in the case of any other cash amount, the amount of such cash, as determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent;

 

(c) in the case of Securities (including Shares), Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets that are publicly traded on a Relevant Exchange of adequate liquidity (as determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent or an Independent Financial Adviser), the arithmetic mean of (i) in the case of Shares or (to the extent constituting equity securities) other Securities, Reclassified Securities or Spin-Off Securities, the daily Volume Weighted Average Prices of the Shares or such other Securities, Reclassified Securities or Spin-Off Securities and (ii) in the case of other Securities, Reclassified Securities or Spin-Off Securities (to the extent not constituting equity securities), options, warrants or other rights or assets, the Closing Prices of such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets, in the case of both (i) and (ii) during the period of five Trading Days on the Relevant Exchange for such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets commencing on such FMV Date (or, if later, the date (the “Adjusted FMV Date”) which falls on the first such Trading Day on which such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets are publicly traded, provided that where such Adjusted FMV Date falls after the fifth day following the FMV Date, the Fair Market Value of such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets shall instead be determined pursuant to paragraph (d) below, and no such Adjusted FMV Date shall be deemed to apply) or such shorter period as such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets are publicly traded, all as determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent;

  

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(d) in the case of Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets that are not publicly traded on a Relevant Exchange of adequate liquidity (as aforesaid) or where otherwise provided paragraph (c) above to be determined pursuant to this paragraph (d), an amount equal to the fair market value of such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets as determined in good faith by an Independent Financial Adviser, on the basis of a commonly accepted market valuation method and taking account of such factors as it (acting reasonably) considers appropriate, including the market price per Share, the dividend yield of an Share, the volatility of such market price, prevailing interest rates and the terms of such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets, and including as to the expiry date and exercise price (if any) thereof.

 

Such amounts shall, if necessary, be translated into the Relevant Currency (if not expressed in the Relevant Currency on the FMV Date (or, as the case may be, the Adjusted FMV Date)) at the Prevailing Rate on the FMV Date (or, as the case may be, the Adjusted FMV Date), all as determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent. In addition, in the case of (i) and (ii) above, the Fair Market Value shall be determined on a gross basis and disregarding any withholding or deduction required to be made for or on account of tax, and disregarding any associated tax credit.

 

Further Bonds” means any further Bonds issued pursuant to Section 15.6 and consolidated and forming a single series with the then outstanding Bonds.

 

Global Bond Certificate” has the meaning set forth in Section 13.1.

 

indebtedness” shall be construed so as to include any obligation for the payment or repayment of money, whether present or future, actual or contingent.

 

Independent Financial Adviser” means an independent institution with appropriate expertise, which may be the initial Calculation Agent, appointed by the Issuer (other than where the initial Calculation Agent is appointed) in consultation with the Calculation Agent and (other than where the initial Calculation Agent is appointed) approved in writing by the Trustee or, if the Issuer fails to make such appointment and such failure continues for a reasonable period (as determined by the Trustee in its sole discretion) and the Trustee is indemnified and/or secured and/or pre-funded to its satisfaction against the costs, fees and expenses of such adviser and otherwise in connection with such appointment, appointed by the Trustee (without liability for so doing) following notification to the Issuer.

 

Judgment Currency” has the meaning set forth in Section 15.4. a “Material Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary:

 

(a) whose (i) total assets or (ii) total revenues (consolidated in the case of a Subsidiary which itself has subsidiaries) represent five per cent. or more of the consolidated total assets of the Issuer and its Subsidiaries or, as the case may be, consolidated total revenues of the Issuer and its Subsidiaries, in each case as calculated by reference to the then latest audited financial statements of such Subsidiary (consolidated or, as the case may be, unconsolidated) and the then latest audited consolidated financial statements of the Issuer provided that:

 

(i) in the case of a Subsidiary acquired or an entity which becomes a Subsidiary after the end of the financial period to which the then latest audited consolidated financial statements of the Issuer relate, the reference to the then latest audited consolidated financial statements of the Issuer for the purposes of the calculation of the above shall until the consolidated audited financial statements of the Issuer are published for the financial period in which the acquisition is made or, as the case may be, in which such entity becomes a Subsidiary, be deemed to be a reference to the then latest consolidated financial statements of the Issuer adjusted in such manner as may be deemed appropriate by the Issuer to consolidate the latest audited financial

  

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statements (consolidated or, as the case may be, unconsolidated) of such Subsidiary in such financial statements;

 

(ii) if, in the case of any Subsidiary, no audited financial statements (consolidated or, as the case may be, unconsolidated) are prepared, then the determination of whether or not such Subsidiary is a Material Subsidiary shall be determined by reference to its unaudited annual financial statements (if any) or on the basis of pro forma financial statements (in each case consolidated or, as the case may be, unconsolidated); and

 

(iii) if the latest financial statements of any Subsidiary are not prepared on the basis of the same accounting principles, policies and practices of the latest consolidated audited financial statements of the Issuer, then the determination of whether or not such Subsidiary is a Material Subsidiary shall be based on pro forma financial statements or, as the case may be, consolidated financial statements of such Subsidiary prepared on the basis of same accounting principles, policies and practices as adopted in the latest consolidated audited financial statements of the Issuer, or on an appropriate restatement of or adjustment to the relevant financial statements of such Subsidiary; or

 

(b) to which is transferred all or substantially all of the business, undertaking and assets of a Subsidiary which immediately prior to such transfer is a Material Subsidiary, whereupon the transferor Subsidiary shall immediately cease to be a Material Subsidiary and the transferee Subsidiary shall immediately cease to be a Material Subsidiary under the provisions of this sub-paragraph (b) upon publication of its next audited financial statements but so that such transferor Subsidiary or such transferee Subsidiary may be a Material Subsidiary on or at any time after the date on which such audited financial statements have been published by virtue of the provisions of sub-paragraph (a) above or (as a result of another transfer to which this sub-paragraph (b) applies) before, on or at any time after such date by virtue of the provisions of this sub-paragraph (b).

 

Maturity Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Merger Date” means, in respect of any Merger Event, the date on which all holders of the Shares (other than, in the case of a takeover offer, any Shares owned or controlled by the offeror) have agreed or irrevocably become obligated to transfer their Shares.

 

Merger Event” means any (i) consolidation, amalgamation or merger of the Issuer with or into another entity (other than a consolidation, amalgamation or merger where the Issuer is the continuing entity) or (ii) a statutory split up (other than a Spin-off Event).

 

New Securities” means equity securities (whether of the Issuer or a third party) which are publicly traded on a Recognised Exchange.

 

Optional Redemption Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.1.

 

Optional Redemption Notice” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.1.

 

Other Consideration” means cash, securities (other than New Securities) or other property (whether of the Issuer or a third party).

 

Parity Value” means, in respect of any Trading Day, the amount determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent and calculated as follows:

 

PV = N x VWAP

 

where:

 

PV = the Parity Value.

 

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N =

€100,000 divided by the Conversion Price in effect on such Trading Day, provided that if (A) such Trading Day falls on or after the Deemed Ex-Date in respect of an Adjustment Event, and (B) such adjustment is not yet in effect on such Trading Day, the Conversion Price in effect on such Trading Day shall for the purpose of this definition only be multiplied by the adjustment factor subsequently determined by the Calculation Agent to be applicable in respect of the relevant Conversion Price adjustment.

 

VWAP = the Volume Weighted Average Price of a Share on such Trading Day translated, if not in euro, into euro at the  Prevailing Rate on such Trading Day.

 

Person” means an individual, a corporation, a limited liability company, a partnership, an association, a trust or any other entity or organisation, including a government or political subdivision or an agency or instrumentality thereof.

 

Prevailing Rate” means in respect of any pair of currencies on any day, the spot mid-rate of exchange between the relevant currencies prevailing as at or about 12 noon (Amsterdam time) on that day (for the purpose of this definition, the “Original Date”) as appearing on or derived from Bloomberg page BFIX (or any successor page) in respect of such pair of currencies, or, if such a rate cannot be so determined, the rate prevailing as at 12 noon (Amsterdam time) on the immediately preceding day on which such rate can be so determined, provided that if such immediately preceding day falls earlier than the fifth day prior to the Original Date or if such rate cannot be so determined (all as determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent), the Prevailing Rate in respect of the Original Date shall be the rate determined in such other manner as an Independent Financial Adviser shall consider appropriate.

 

Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Purchased Shares” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(b).

 

Reclassification” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(a)(x).

 

Reclassified Securities” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(a)(x).

 

Recognised Exchange” means a regulated and regularly operating stock exchange.

 

Redemption Price” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1.

 

Reference Date” means, in relation to a Retroactive Adjustment, the date as of which the relevant Retroactive Adjustment takes effect or, in any such case, if that is not a Trading Day, the next following Trading Day.

 

Reference Shares” means, in respect of the exercise of Conversion Rights by a Bondholder, the number of Shares (rounded down, if necessary, to the nearest whole number of Shares) determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent by dividing the aggregate principal amount of the Bonds being the subject of the relevant exercise of Conversion Rights by the Conversion Price in effect on the relevant Conversion Date, except that where the Conversion Date falls on or after the date an adjustment to the Conversion Price takes effect pursuant to Sections 5.4(a)(i), (ii), (iv), (v), (vi), (viii), (ix) or (x) in circumstances where the relevant Delivery Date falls on or prior to the record date or other due date for establishment of entitlement in respect of the relevant event giving rise to such adjustment, then the Conversion Price in respect of such exercise shall be such Conversion Price as would have been applicable to such exercise had no such adjustment been made.

 

Relevant Currency” means, at any time, the currency in which the Shares are quoted or dealt in at such time on the Relevant Exchange.

 

Relevant Date” means, in respect of any Bond, whichever is the later of:

 

(i) the date on which payment in respect of it first becomes due; and

 

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(ii) if any payment is improperly withheld or refused, the earlier of (a) the date on which payment in full of the amount outstanding is made or (b) the date falling seven days after the date on which notice is given to Bondholders that, upon further presentation of the Bond, where required pursuant to these Conditions, being made, such payment will be made, provided that such payment is in fact made as provided in these Conditions.

 

Relevant Exchange” means:

 

(i) in respect of the Shares, Euronext Amsterdam or, if the Shares cease to be listed and admitted to trading on Euronext Amsterdam, the principal stock exchange or securities market on which the Shares are, at or following the time of such cessation, listed, admitted to trading or quoted or dealt in, and

 

(ii) in respect of any Securities (other than Shares), Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets, the principal stock exchange or securities market on which such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets are then listed, admitted to trading or quoted or dealt in,

 

where “principal stock exchange or securities market” shall mean the stock exchange or securities market on which such Shares, Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets are listed, admitted to trading or quoted or dealt in, provided that if such Shares, Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets are listed, admitted to trading or quoted or dealt in (as the case may be) on more than one stock exchange or securities market at such time, then “principal stock exchange or securities market” shall mean that stock exchange or securities market on which such Shares, Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets are traded at such time as determined by the Calculation Agent (if the Calculation Agent determines that it is able to make such determination) or (in any other case) by an Independent Financial Adviser by reference to the stock exchange or securities market with the highest average daily trading volume in respect of such Shares, Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets.

 

A “Retroactive Adjustment” shall occur if (i) the Delivery Date in relation to the conversion of any Bond shall be after the Deemed Record Date in respect of any Adjustment Event and (ii) the Conversion Date falls before the relevant adjustment to the Conversion Price becomes effective under Section 5.4(a).

 

Securities” means any securities including, without limitation, shares in the capital of the Issuer, or options, warrants or other rights to subscribe for or purchase or acquire shares in the capital of the Issuer.

 

Settlement Disruption Event” means an event beyond the control of the Issuer as a result of which any Central Securities Depository or any of their respective successors or any other central securities depository cannot settle the book-entry transfer of the Shares on such date.

 

Shareholders” means the holders of Shares.

 

Shares” means the ordinary shares in the capital of the Issuer with, as at the Closing Date, a nominal value of €0.04 each.

 

Spin-off Event” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(a)(x).

 

Spin-off Securities” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(a)(x).

 

Subsidiary” means a subsidiary (dochtermaatschappij) as defined in Section 2:24a of Book 2 of the Dutch Civil Code.

 

TARGET” means the Trans-European Automated Real-Time Gross Settlement Express Transfer System

 

(known as TARGET 2) or any successor thereto.

 

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TARGET System” means the Trans-European Automated Real-Time Gross Settlement Express Transfer (TARGET2) System.

 

Taxing Jurisdiction” means, in respect of any entity, the jurisdiction in which it is resident for tax purposes generally or any political subdivision or territory or possession or taxing authority thereof or therein.

 

Trading Day” means any calendar day (other than a Saturday or Sunday) on which the Relevant Exchange is open for business and on which the Shares, other Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets (as the case may be) are capable of being dealt in (other than a day on which trading is scheduled to or does close prior to the regular closing time), provided that, unless otherwise specified or the context otherwise requires, a “Trading Day” shall be a Trading Day in respect of the Shares.

 

Trustee” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Volume Weighted Average Price” means, in respect of a Share, Security, Reclassified Security or, as the case may be, a Spin-Off Security, on any Trading Day in respect thereof, the volume weighted average price on such Trading Day on the Relevant Exchange of a Share, Security, Reclassified Security or, as the case may be, a Spin-Off Security, as published by or derived from Bloomberg page HP (or any successor page) (setting “Weighted Average Line”, or any other successor setting and using values not adjusted for any event occurring after such Trading Day; and for the avoidance of doubt, all values will be determined with all adjustment settings on the DPDF Page, or any successor or similar setting, switched off) in respect of such Share, Security, Reclassified Security or, as the case may be, Spin-Off Security and such Relevant Exchange (and for the avoidance of doubt such Bloomberg page for the Shares as at the Closing Date is TKWY NA Equity HP), if any or, in any such case, such other pricing source (if any) as shall be determined in good faith to be appropriate by an Independent Financial Adviser on such Trading Day and translated, if not in the Relevant Currency, into the Relevant Currency at the Prevailing Rate on such Trading Day, provided that if on any such Trading Day (for the purposes of this definition, the “Original Date”) such price is not available or cannot otherwise be determined as provided above, the Volume Weighted Average Price of a Share, Security, Reclassified Security or Spin-Off Security, as the case may be, in respect of such Trading Day shall be the Volume Weighted Average Price, determined as provided above, on the immediately preceding such Trading Day on which the same can be so determined and further provided that if such immediately preceding Trading Day falls prior to the fifth day before the Original Date, an Independent Financial Adviser shall (acting reasonably) determine the Volume Weighted Average Price in respect of the Original Date in good faith, all as determined by (where specifically provided above) an Independent Financial Adviser or (in any other, case) the Calculation Agent.

 

Voting Rights” means the right generally to vote at a general meeting of shareholders of the Issuer (irrespective of whether or not, at the time, stock of any other class or classes shall have, or might have, voting power by reason of the happening of any contingency) or to elect the majority of the members of the management board or supervisory board of the Issuer.

 

References to any issue or offer or grant to existing holders of Shares “as a class” shall be taken to be references to an issue or offer or grant to all or substantially all existing holders of Shares, other than those to whom, by reason of the laws of any territory or requirements of any recognised regulatory body or any other stock exchange or securities market in any territory or in connection with fractional entitlements, it is determined not to make such issue or offer or grant.

 

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15 Miscellaneous

 

15.1 Authentication

 

The Bonds evidenced by this certificate shall not become valid or obligatory until the certificate of authentication hereon shall have been duly signed by or on behalf of the Registrar acting under the Agency Agreement.

 

15.2 Repayment of Funds

 

All monies paid by the Issuer to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent or Conversion Agent for payment of principal on any Bond which remain unclaimed at the end of two years after such payment has been made will be repaid to the Issuer and all liability of such Agent with respect thereto will cease, and, to the extent permitted by law, the Bondholders shall thereafter look only to the Issuer for payment as a general unsecured creditor thereof.

 

15.3 Prescription

 

Claims for payment on the Bonds which are not exercised within five years from the due date of the relevant payment will lapse and revert to the Issuer.

 

15.4 Indemnification of Judgment Currency

 

The Issuer will indemnify each Bondholder against loss incurred by such Bondholder as a result of any judgment or order being given or made for any amount due under the Bonds and such judgment or order being expressed and paid in a currency other than euro (the “Judgment Currency”) and as a result of any variation as between (i) the rate of exchange at which euro is converted into the Judgment Currency for the purpose of such judgment or order and (ii) the spot rate of exchange in euro at which the Bondholder on the date of payment of such judgment or order is able to purchase euro with the amount of the Judgment Currency actually received by the Bondholder.

 

15.5 Descriptive Headings

 

The descriptive headings appearing in these Conditions are for convenience of reference only and shall not alter, limit or define the provisions hereof.

 

15.6 Further Issues

 

The Issuer may from time to time without the consent of the Bondholders create and issue further bonds having the same terms and conditions in all respects as the outstanding Bonds or in all respects except for the first date on which Conversion Rights may be exercised and so that such further issue shall be consolidated and form a single series with the outstanding Bonds. Any further bonds forming a single series with the outstanding Bonds constituted by the Trust Deed or any deed supplemental to it shall, and any other notes, bonds or debentures may, with the consent of the Trustee, be constituted by a deed supplemental to the Trust Deed. The Trust Deed contains provisions for convening a single meeting of the Bondholders and the holders of notes, bonds or debentures of other series in certain circumstances where the Trustee so decides.

 

15.7 Notices

 

(a) Notice to the Issuer

 

Any notice or demand to or on the Issuer may be given or served by being deposited in the mail, first class postage prepaid (if available), and addressed to:

 

Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V.

Oosterdoksstraat 80,

1011 DK Amsterdam

 

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The Netherlands

 

Attention: Brent Wissink / Jitse Groen

 

or such other address as the Issuer may provide to the Bondholders, the Trustee and the Agents in writing.

 

(b) Notice to the Trustee

 

Any notice or demand to or on the Trustee may be given or served by being deposited in the mail, first class postage prepaid (if available), and addressed to:

 

Stichting Trustee Just Eat Takeaway.com II

Hoogoorddreef 15

1101 BA

Amsterdam

The Netherlands

 

Attention: The Directors

 

or such other address as the Trustee may provide to a Bondholder, the Issuer or the Agents in writing.

 

(c) Notice to Agents

 

Any notice or demand to or on the Agents may be given or served by being deposited in the mail, first class postage prepaid (if available), and addressed to:

 

The Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent:

 

ABN AMRO Bank N.V.

Gustav Mahlerlaan 10

1082 PP Amsterdam

The Netherlands

 

Attention: Equity Capital Markets

 

The Registrar:

 

Bank of America Europe Designated Activity Company

Bank of America Merrill Lynch

Block D, Central Park

Leopardstown

D18 N924

Ireland

 

Attention: Asset Services, Common Depository/Registrar

 

or such other address as the Agents may provide to a Bondholder, the Issuer or the Trustee in writing.

 

(d) Notice to Bondholders

 

Where these Conditions or the Trust Deed requires any notice to be given to a Bondholder then unless specified otherwise in these Conditions, such notice shall be given as follows: (A) (x) in the case of Bonds evidenced by the Global Bond Certificate on deposit with a Central Securities Depository, such notice shall be delivered in writing to such Central Securities

 

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Depository (and the date on which such notice is so delivered shall be the date on which such notice shall be deemed to have been given) and (y) in the case of Bonds evidenced by individual certificates in registered form, such notice shall be given by publication on the website of the Issuer (and the date on which such notice is so published shall be the date on which such notice shall be deemed to have been given), and (B) so long as the Bonds are listed on any stock exchange or trading platform (and the rules of that stock exchange or trading platform so require), such notice shall be published in a manner which complies with the rules and regulations of such stock exchange or trading platform (and the date on which such notice is so published shall be the date on which such notice shall be deemed to have been given).

 

If any notice is required to be given more than once or on different dates pursuant to this Section 15.7(d), then such notice shall be deemed to have been given on the first date on which such notice is deemed to have been given as provided above.

 

In addition, at the direction of the Issuer and if the Calculation Agent determines in its sole discretion it is able to do so, the Calculation Agent will request Bloomberg to publish the relevant notice on the relevant page for the Bonds (at the expense (if any) of the Issuer) for information purposes only.

 

15.8 Governing Law and Jurisdiction

 

The Bonds (including, for the avoidance of doubt, the second paragraph of this Section 15.8), the Trust Deed and the Agency Agreement, and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with them, shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of The Netherlands.

 

Any dispute in connection with or arising from the Bonds, the Trust Deed and the Agency Agreement or their implementation and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with them, will be exclusively decided by the competent courts of Amsterdam, The Netherlands, subject to the authority of the Trustee, if it considers this expedient, to agree to prorogation (prorogatie).

 

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SCHEDULE 2

 

Form of Original Individual Certificate

 

On the front:

 

ISIN: XS2296019891

 

THE BONDS EVIDENCED BY THIS CERTIFICATE HAVE NOT BEEN AND WILL NOT BE REGISTERED UNDER THE U.S. SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”) OR WITH ANY SECURITIES REGULATORY AUTHORITY OF ANY STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF THE UNITED STATES, THE BONDS ARE BEING OFFERED AND SOLD OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES IN COMPLIANCE WITH REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT. THE BONDS MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD WITHIN THE UNITED STATES EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT. TERMS IN THIS LEGEND ARE USED AS USED IN REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT.

 

JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V.

 

(a limited liability company (naamloze vennootschap) incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands with registered number 08142836)

 

€600,000,000 Zero Coupon Convertible Bonds due 2025

 

This Bond is an Individual Certificate and forms part of a series designated as specified in the title (the “Bonds”) of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. (the “Issuer”) and constituted by the Trust Deed referred to on the reverse hereof. The Bonds are subject to, and have the benefit of, that Trust Deed and the terms and conditions (the “Conditions”) set out on the reverse hereof.

 

The Issuer hereby certifies that [●] is/are, at the date hereof, entered in the Bonds Register as the holder(s) of Bonds in the principal amount of €[●].

 

The Bonds evidenced by this Individual Certificate are convertible into ordinary shares of the Issuer (“Shares”) as provided in the Conditions. On the relevant Delivery Date, the Issuer will issue or transfer and deliver to the converting holder such number of Shares, or make payment to the relevant holder of the relevant cash amounts, all as specified in and subject to and in accordance with the Conditions and the Trust Deed.

 

This Individual Certificate is evidence of entitlement only. Title to the Bonds passes in accordance with the terms of the Agency Agreement and no transfer of the Bonds will be valid unless and until entered on the Bonds Register and only the duly registered holder is entitled to payments in respect of this Individual Certificate.

 

This Individual Certificate and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with it are governed by, and shall be construed in accordance with, Dutch law.

 

Capitalised terms not defined herein shall have the meaning ascribed thereto in the Trust Deed and the Conditions.

 

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In Witness whereof the Issuer has caused this Bond to be signed on its behalf.

 

Dated ________

 

   
Authorised Signatory  

 

For and on behalf of

 

JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V.

 

This Individual Certificate is authenticated without recourse, warranty or liability by or on behalf of the Registrar

 

BANK OF AMERICA EUROPE DESIGNATED ACTIVITY COMPANY

 

By: By:
   
   
Authorised Signatory Authorised Signatory

 

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On the back:

 

Terms and Conditions of the Bonds

 

[THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS THAT ARE SET OUT IN SCHEDULE 1 TO THE TRUST DEED WILL BE SET OUT HERE]

 

Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent

 

ABN AMRO Bank N.V.

 

Gustav Mahlerlaan 10

 

1082 PP Amsterdam

 

The Netherlands

 

Email: as.exchange.agency@nl.abnamro.com

 

Attention: AS Exchange Agency / Corporate Broking

 

Registrar

 

Bank of America Europe Designated

 

Activity Company

 

Bank of America

 

Block D, Central Park

 

Leopardstown

 

D18 N924

 

Ireland

 

Email: common.depository@bankofamerica.com; ipa.europe@bofa.com

Attention: Asset Services

 

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Form of Transfer

 

FOR VALUE RECEIVED the undersigned hereby transfers to

 

....................................................................

 

....................................................................

 

(PLEASE PRINT OR TYPEWRITE NAME AND ADDRESS OF TRANSFEREE)

 

(not more than four names may appear as joint holders)

 

€[●] in principal amount of this Bond, and all rights in respect thereof, and irrevocably requests the

 

Registrar to transfer such principal amount of this Bond on the books kept for registration thereof.

 

Dated .........................

 

Signed .........................

 

Notes:

 

(i) The signature to this transfer must correspond with the name as it appears on the face of this Bond.

 

(ii) A representative of the Bondholder should state the capacity in which he signs e.g. executor.

 

(iii) The signature of the person effecting a transfer shall conform to any list of duly authorised specimen signatures supplied by the registered holder or be certified by a recognised bank, notary public or in such other manner as the Registrar may require.

 

(iv) Any transfer of Bonds shall be in the minimum amount of €100,000.

 

(v) Transfer is effective only upon notification of the transfer having reached the Issuer or its agent for this purpose.

 

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SCHEDULE 3

 

Form of Original Global Bond Certificate

 

THE BONDS EVIDENCED BY THIS CERTIFICATE HAVE NOT BEEN AND WILL NOT BE REGISTERED UNDER THE U.S. SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”) OR WITH ANY SECURITIES REGULATORY AUTHORITY OF ANY STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF THE UNITED STATES, THE BONDS ARE BEING OFFERED AND SOLD OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES IN COMPLIANCE WITH REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT. THE BONDS MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD WITHIN THE UNITED STATES EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT. TERMS IN THIS LEGEND ARE USED AS USED IN REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT.

 

ISIN: XS2296019891

 

JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V.

 

(a limited liability company (naamloze vennootschap) incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands with registered number 08142836)

 

€600,000,000 Zero Coupon Convertible Bonds due 2025

 

Global Bond Certificate

 

Registered Holder : Bank of America GSS Nominees Limited as nominee of Bank of America N.A., London Branch, as Common Depositary for Euroclear and Clearstream Luxembourg.
     
Address of Registered : 2 King Edward Street
Holder   London EC1A 1HQ
    United Kingdom

 

This Global Bond Certificate is issued in respect of the €600,000,000 Zero Coupon Convertible Bonds due 2025 (the “Bonds”) of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. (the “Issuer”). This Global Bond Certificate certifies that the Registered Holder (as defined above) is registered as the holder of such nominal amount of the Bonds at the date hereof.

 

Interpretation and Definitions

 

References in this Global Bond Certificate to the “Conditions” are to the Terms and Conditions applicable to the Bonds (which are in the form set out in Schedule 1 to the Trust Deed dated 9 February 2021 between the Issuer and Stichting Trustee Just Eat Takeaway.com II as Trustee, as such form is supplemented and/or modified and/or superseded from time to time, including by the provisions of this Global Bond Certificate, which in the event of any conflict shall prevail). Other capitalised terms used in this Global Bond Certificate shall have the meanings given to them in the Conditions or the Trust Deed.

 

Promise to Pay

 

The Issuer, for value received, promises to pay to the registered holder of the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate (subject to surrender of this Global Bond Certificate if no further payment falls to be made in respect of such Bonds) on the Maturity Date (or on such earlier date

 

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as the amount payable upon redemption under the Conditions may become payable in accordance with the Conditions) the amount payable upon redemption under the Conditions in respect of the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate together with such other sums and additional amounts (if any) as may be payable under the Conditions, in accordance with the Conditions.

 

For the purposes of this Global Bond Certificate, (a) the holder of the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate is bound by the provisions of the Trust Deed, (b) the Issuer certifies that the Registered Holder is, at the date hereof, entered in the Bonds Register as the holder of the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate, (c) this Global Bond Certificate is evidence of entitlement only, (d) title to the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate passes in accordance with the terms of the Agency Agreement and no transfer of the Bonds will be valid unless and until entered on the Bonds Register, and (e) only the holder of the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate is entitled to payments in respect of the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate.

 

Meetings

 

The holder of the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate shall (unless this Global Bond Certificate represents only one Bond) be treated as two persons for the purposes of any quorum requirements of a meeting of Bondholders.

 

Conversion

 

For so long as this Global Bond Certificate is held on behalf of any one or more of Euroclear, Clearstream, Luxembourg or an alternative clearing system, Conversion Rights may be exercised as against the Issuer in accordance with the Conditions by the delivery to or to the order of the Conversion Agent in accordance with the standard procedures of Euroclear, Clearstream, Luxembourg or the alternative clearing system of one or more Conversion Notices duly completed by or on behalf of a holder of a book-entry interest representing entitlements to the Global Bond Certificate. Upon exercise of Conversion Rights, the Registrar shall, or shall procure that, Schedule A hereto is annotated accordingly.

 

This Global Bond Certificate shall not become valid for any purpose until authenticated by or on behalf of the Registrar.

 

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In witness whereof the Issuer has caused this Global Bond Certificate to be signed on its behalf.

 

Dated __________2021

 

JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V.

 

By:

 

Authorised Signatory

 

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This Global Bond Certificate is authenticated by or on behalf of the Registrar.

 

BANK OF AMERICA EUROPE DESIGNATED ACTIVITY COMPANY

 

By:

 

Authorised Signatory

 

Authorised Signatory

 

For the purposes of authentication only.

 

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Schedule A

 

Schedule of Reductions in Principal Amount of Bonds in respect of which this Global Bond Certificate is Issued

 

The following reductions in the principal amount of the Bonds in respect of which this Global Bond Certificate is issued have been made as a result of: (i) exercise of Conversion Rights attaching to the Bonds, or (ii) redemption of the Bonds, or (iii) purchase and cancellation of the Bonds or (iv) issue of Individual Certificates in respect of the Bonds: 

 

Date of Conversion/   Amount of decrease   Principal Amount of   Notation made by or
Redemption/   in principal amount   this Global Bond   on behalf of the
Purchase and   of this Global Bond   Certificate following   Principal Paying,
Cancellation/ Issue   Certificate (€)   such decrease (€)   Transfer and
of Individual           Conversion Agent
Certificates (stating            
which)            
             
             

 

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SCHEDULE 4

 

Provisions for Meetings of Bondholders

 

1 In this Schedule the following expressions have the following meanings:

 

1.1 Electronic Consent” has the meaning set out in paragraph 19;

 

1.2 Extraordinary Resolution” means a resolution passed (i) at a meeting of Bondholders duly convened and held in accordance with these provisions by or on behalf of the Bondholder(s) of not less than 75 per cent. of the persons eligible to vote at such meeting, (ii) by a Written Resolution or (iii) by an Electronic Consent; and

 

1.3 Written Resolution” means a resolution in writing signed by or on behalf of Bondholders representing in aggregate not less than 75 per cent. in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding.

 

2

 

2.1 A holder of a Bond in registered form may by an instrument in writing in the form available from any Agent in English signed by the holder or, in the case of a corporation, executed under its common seal or signed on its behalf by an attorney or a duly authorised officer of the corporation and delivered to any Agent not later than 48 hours before the time fixed for any meeting, appoint any person as a proxy to act on his or its behalf in connection with any meeting or proposed meeting of Bondholders.

 

2.2 A holder of a Bond (whether such Bonds are evidenced by a Global Bond Certificate or an Individual Certificate) in registered form which is a corporation may, by delivering to any Agent not later than 48 hours before the time fixed for any meeting a resolution in English of its directors or other governing body, authorise any person to act as its representative (a “representative”) in connection with any meeting or proposed meeting of Bondholders.

 

2.3 A proxy or representative so appointed shall so long as such appointment remains in force be deemed, for all purposes in connection with any meeting or proposed meeting of Bondholders specified in such appointment, to be the holder of the Bonds to which such appointment relates and the holder of the Bonds shall be deemed for such purposes not to be the holder.

 

3 Each of the Issuer and the Trustee at any time may, and the Issuer upon a request in writing of Bondholders holding not less than 10 per cent. in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding shall, convene a meeting of Bondholders. Whenever any such party is about to convene any such meeting, it shall forthwith give notice in writing to each other party of the day, time and place of the meeting and of the nature of the business to be transacted at it. Every such meeting shall be held at such time and place as the Trustee may approve.

 

4 At least 21 days’ notice (exclusive of the day on which the notice is given and of the day on which the meeting is held) specifying the day, time and place of meeting shall be given to the Bondholders. A copy of the notice shall in all cases be given by the party convening the meeting to each of the other parties. Such notice shall also specify the nature of the resolutions to be proposed.

 

5 A person (who may, but need not, be a Bondholder) nominated in writing by the Trustee may take the chair at every such meeting but if no such nomination is made or if at any meeting the person nominated shall not be present within 15 minutes after the time fixed

 

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for the meeting, the Bondholders present shall choose one of their number to be chairman, failing which the Issuer may appoint a chairman. The chairman of an adjourned meeting need not be the same person as was chairman of the original meeting.

 

6 At any such meeting any one or more persons present in person holding Bonds or being proxies or representatives and holding or representing in the aggregate not less than 15 per cent. in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding shall (except for the purpose of passing an Extraordinary Resolution) form a quorum for the transaction of business and no business (other than the choosing of a chairman) shall be transacted at any meeting unless the requisite quorum be present at the commencement of business. The quorum at any such meeting for passing an Extraordinary Resolution shall (subject as provided below) be one or more persons present in person holding Bonds or being proxies or representatives and holding or representing in the aggregate a majority in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding; provided that at any meeting the business of which includes any of the matters specified in the proviso to paragraph 16.7, the quorum shall be one or more persons present in person holding Bonds or being proxies or representatives and holding or representing in the aggregate not less than two-thirds in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding, a holder of a Global Bond Certificate being treated as two persons.

 

7 If within 15 minutes from the time fixed for any such meeting a quorum is not present, the meeting shall, if convened upon the requisition of Bondholders, be dissolved. In any other case it shall stand adjourned (unless the Issuer and the Trustee agree that it be dissolved) for such period, not being less than 14 days nor more than 42 days, and to such place, as may be decided by the chairman. At such adjourned meeting one or more persons present in person holding Bonds or voting certificates or being proxies or representatives (whatever the principal amount of the Bonds so held or represented) shall form a quorum and may pass any resolution and decide upon all matters which could properly have been dealt with at the meeting from which the adjournment took place had a quorum been present at such meeting; provided that at any adjourned meeting at which is to be proposed an Extraordinary Resolution for the purpose of effecting any of the modifications specified in the proviso to paragraph 16.7, the quorum shall be one or more persons so present holding Bonds or being proxies or representatives and holding or representing in the aggregate not less than one-half in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding. If a quorum is not present within 15 minutes from the time fixed for a meeting so adjourned, the meeting shall be dissolved.

 

8 The chairman may with the consent of (and shall if directed by) any meeting adjourn such meeting from time to time and from place to place but no business shall be transacted at any adjourned meeting except business which might lawfully have been transacted at the meeting from which the adjournment took place.

 

9 At least 10 days’ notice of any meeting adjourned through want of a quorum shall be given in the same manner as for an original meeting and such notice shall state the quorum required at such adjourned meeting. It shall not, however, otherwise be necessary to give any notice of an adjourned meeting.

 

10 Every question submitted to a meeting shall be decided in the first instance by a show of hands and in case of equality of votes the chairman shall both on a show of hands and on a poll have a casting vote in addition to the vote or votes (if any) which he may have as a Bondholder or as a proxy or representative.

 

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11 At any meeting, unless a poll is (before or on the declaration of the result of the show of hands) demanded by the chairman, the Issuer, the Trustee or by one or more persons holding one or more Bonds or being proxies or representatives and holding or representing in the aggregate not less than one-fiftieth in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding, a declaration by the chairman that a resolution has been carried or carried by a particular majority or lost or not carried by any particular majority shall be conclusive evidence of the fact without proof of the number or proportion of the votes recorded in favour of or against such resolution.

 

12 If at any meeting a poll is so demanded, it shall be taken in such manner and (subject as provided below) either at once or after such an adjournment as the chairman directs and the result of such poll shall be deemed to be the resolution of the meeting at which the poll was demanded as at the date of the taking of the poll. The demand for a poll shall not prevent the continuation of the meeting for the transaction of any business other than the question on which the poll has been demanded.

 

13 Any poll demanded at any meeting on the election of a chairman or on any question of adjournment shall be taken at the meeting without adjournment.

 

14 The Issuer and the Trustee (through their respective representatives) and their respective financial and legal advisers may attend and speak at any meeting of Bondholders. No one else may attend at any meeting of Bondholders or join with others in requesting the convening of such a meeting unless he is the holder of a Bond or is a proxy or a representative of a Bondholder.

 

15 At any meeting on a show of hands every person who is present in person and who produces a Bond or is a proxy or a representative shall have one vote and on a poll every person who is so present shall have one vote in respect of each €100,000 in principal amount of the Bonds so produced or represented or in respect of which he is a proxy or a representative. Without prejudice to the obligations of proxies, any person entitled to more than one vote need not use all his votes or cast all the votes to which he is entitled in the same way.

 

16 A meeting of Bondholders shall, subject to the Conditions, in addition to the powers given above, but without prejudice to any powers conferred on other persons by this Trust Deed, have power exercisable by Extraordinary Resolution:

 

16.1 to sanction any proposal by the Issuer or the Trustee for any modification, abrogation, variation or compromise of, or arrangement in respect of, the rights of the Bondholders against the Issuer or against any of its property whether such rights shall arise under this Trust Deed, the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, or otherwise;

 

16.2 to sanction any scheme or proposal for the exchange, substitution or sale of the Bonds for, or the conversion of the Bonds into, or the cancellation of the Bonds in consideration of, shares, stock, notes, bonds, debentures, debenture stock and/or other obligations and/or securities of the Issuer or any other body corporate formed or to be formed, or partly for or into or in consideration of such shares, stock, notes, bonds, debentures, debenture stock and/or other obligations and/or securities as aforesaid;

 

16.3 to assent to any modification of this Trust Deed or the Conditions which shall be proposed by the Issuer or the Trustee;

  

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16.4 to authorise anyone to concur in and do all such things as may be necessary to carry out and to give any authority, direction or sanction which under this Trust Deed or the Bonds is required to be given by Extraordinary Resolution;

 

16.5 to appoint any persons (whether Bondholders or not) as a committee or committees to represent the interests of the Bondholders and to confer upon such committee or committees any powers or discretions which the Bondholders could themselves exercise by Extraordinary Resolution;

 

16.6 to approve a person proposed to be appointed as a new Trustee and to remove any Trustee; and

 

16.7 to discharge or exonerate the Trustee from any liability in respect of any act or omission for which it may become responsible under this Trust Deed or the Bonds,

 

provided that the special quorum provisions contained in the proviso to paragraph 6 and, in the case of an adjourned meeting, in the proviso to paragraph 7 shall apply in relation to any Extraordinary Resolution for the purpose of paragraph 16.2 and making any modification to the provisions contained in this Trust Deed or the Conditions which would have the effect of:

 

(i)        changing the Maturity Date,

 

(ii) modifying the circumstances in which the Issuer or Bondholders are entitled to redeem the Bonds pursuant to Sections 4.1, 4.2 or 4.3 of the Conditions (other than removing the right of the Issuer to redeem the Bonds pursuant to Sections 4.1 or 4.2 of the Conditions);

 

(iii) reducing or cancelling the principal amount of the Bonds or to reduce the amount payable on redemption of the Bonds;

 

(iv) modifying the provisions relating to, or cancelling, Conversion Rights or the rights of Bondholders to receive Shares on exercise of Conversion Rights, as applicable, pursuant to the Conditions (other than a reduction to the Conversion Price);

 

(v)        increasing the Conversion Price (other than in accordance with the Conditions);

 

(vi) changing the currency of the denomination of the Bonds or of any payment in respect of the Bonds;

 

(vii) changing the governing law of the Bonds, the Trust Deed or the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement;

 

(viii) modifying the provisions concerning the quorum required at any meeting of Bondholders or the majority required to pass an Extraordinary Resolution; or

 

(ix) amending this proviso.

 

17 An Extraordinary Resolution passed at a meeting of Bondholders duly convened and held in accordance with this Trust Deed shall be binding upon all the Bondholders, whether or not present at such meeting and whether or not they vote in favour, and each of the Bondholders shall be bound to give effect to it accordingly. The passing of any such resolution shall be conclusive evidence that the circumstances of such resolution justify the passing of it.

 

18 Minutes of all resolutions and proceedings at every such meeting shall be made and entered in the books to be from time to time provided for that purpose by the Issuer or the

 

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Trustee and any such minutes, if purporting to be signed by the chairman of the meeting at which such resolutions were passed or proceedings transacted or by the chairman of the next succeeding meeting of Bondholders, shall be conclusive evidence of the matters contained in them and until the contrary is proved every such meeting in respect of the proceedings of which minutes have been so made and signed shall be deemed to have been duly convened and held and all resolutions passed or proceedings transacted at it to have been duly passed and transacted.

 

19 Subject to the following paragraph, a Written Resolution may be contained in one document or in several documents in like form, each signed by or on behalf of one or more of the Bondholders.

 

For so long as the Bonds are in the form of a Global Bond Certificate registered in the name of a common depositary for Euroclear, Clearstream, Luxembourg or another clearing system, or a nominee of any of the above then, in respect of any resolution proposed by the Issuer or the Trustee:

 

(i) where the terms of the proposed resolution have been notified to the Bondholders through the relevant clearing system(s) as provided in sub-paragraphs (a) and/or (b) below, each of the Issuer and the Trustee shall be entitled to rely upon approval of such resolution proposed by the Issuer or the Trustee (as the case may be) given by way of electronic consents communicated through the electronic communications systems of the relevant clearing system(s) in accordance with their operating rules and procedures by or on behalf of the Bondholder(s) of not less than 75 per cent. in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding (the “Required Proportion”) (“Electronic Consent”) by close of business on the Relevant Date. Any resolution passed in such manner shall be binding on all Bondholders, even if the relevant consent or instruction proves to be defective. Neither the Issuer nor the Trustee shall be liable or responsible to anyone for such reliance;

 

(a) When a proposal for a resolution to be passed as an Electronic Consent has been made, at least 10 days’ notice (exclusive of the day on which the notice is given and of the day on which affirmative consents will be counted) shall be given to the Bondholders through the relevant clearing system(s). The notice shall specify, in sufficient detail to enable Bondholders to give their consents, the proposed resolution, the method by which their consents may be given (including, where applicable, blocking of their accounts in the relevant clearing system(s)) and the time and date (the “Relevant Date”) by which they must be received in order for such consents to be validly given, in each case subject to and in accordance with the operating rules and procedures of the relevant clearing system(s).

 

(b) If, on the Relevant Date on which the consents in respect of an Electronic Consent are first counted, such consents do not represent the Required Proportion, the resolution shall, if the party proposing such resolution (the “Proposer”) so determines, be deemed to be defeated. Such determination shall be notified in writing to the other party or parties to the Trust Deed. Alternatively, the Proposer may give a further notice to Bondholders that the resolution will be proposed again on such date and for such period as shall be agreed with the Trustee (unless the Trustee is the Proposer). Such notice must inform Bondholders that insufficient consents were received in

  

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relation to the original resolution and the information specified in sub-paragraph (a) above. For the purpose of such further notice, references to “Relevant Date” shall be construed accordingly.

 

For the avoidance of doubt, an Electronic Consent may only be used in relation to a resolution proposed by the Issuer or the Trustee which is not then the subject of a meeting that has been validly convened in accordance with paragraph 3 above, unless that meeting is or shall be cancelled or dissolved; and

 

(ii) where Electronic Consent is not being sought, for the purpose of determining whether a Written Resolution has been validly passed, the Issuer and the Trustee shall be entitled to rely on consent or instructions given in writing directly to the Issuer and/or the Trustee, as the case may be, by accountholders in the clearing system with entitlements to such Global Bond Certificate or, where the accountholders hold any such entitlement on behalf of another person, on written consent from or written instruction by the person for whom such entitlement is ultimately beneficially held, whether such beneficiary holds directly with the accountholder or via one or more intermediaries and provided that, in each case, the Issuer and the Trustee have obtained commercially reasonable evidence to ascertain the validity of such holding and have taken reasonable steps to ensure that such holding does not alter following the giving of such consent or instruction and prior to the effecting of such amendment. Any resolution passed in such manner shall be binding on all Bondholders, even if the relevant consent or instruction proves to be defective. As used in this paragraph, “commercially reasonable evidence” includes any certificate or other document issued by Euroclear, Clearstream, Luxembourg or any other relevant clearing system, and/or issued by an accountholder of them or an intermediary in a holding chain, in relation to the holding of interests in the Bonds. Any such certificate or other document shall, in the absence of manifest error, be conclusive and binding for all purposes. Any such certificate or other document may comprise any form of statement or print out of electronic records provided by the relevant clearing system (including Euroclear’s EUCLID or Clearstream, Luxembourg’s CreationOnline system) in accordance with its usual procedures and in which the accountholder of a particular principal or nominal amount of the Bonds is clearly identified together with the amount of such holding. Neither the Issuer nor the Trustee shall be liable to any person by reason of having accepted as valid or not having rejected any certificate or other document to such effect purporting to be issued by any such person and subsequently found to be forged or not authentic.

 

A Written Resolution and/or Electronic Consent shall take effect as an Extraordinary Resolution. A Written Resolution and/or Electronic Consent will be binding on all Bondholders, whether or not they participated in such Written Resolution and/or Electronic Consent.

 

20 Subject to all other provisions contained in this Trust Deed the Trustee may without the consent of the Bondholders prescribe such further regulations regarding the holding of meetings of Bondholders and attendance and voting at them as the Trustee may in its sole discretion determine including particularly (but without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing) such regulations and requirements as the Trustee thinks reasonable:

 

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20.1 so as to satisfy itself that persons who purport to requisition a meeting in accordance with paragraph 3 or who purport to make any requisition to the Trustee in accordance with this Trust Deed are in fact Bondholders; and

 

20.2 so as to satisfy itself that persons who purport to attend or vote at any meeting of Bondholders are entitled to do so in accordance with this Trust Deed.

 

21 Nothing in the Trust Deed shall prevent any of the proxies named in any form of proxy from being a director, managing director, officer or representative of, or otherwise connected with, the Issuer or any of its other Subsidiaries.

 

22 References in this Schedule to Agents shall, where the context requires, be taken to be references to Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent.

 

  75  

 

  

SCHEDULE 5

Form of Directors’ Certificate

 

[ON THE HEADED PAPER OF THE ISSUER]

 

To:

Stichting Trustee Just Eat Takeaway.com II

Hoogoorddreef 15

1101 BA

Amsterdam

 

[Date]

 

Dear Sirs

 

Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V.  

€600,000,000 Zero Coupon Convertible Bonds due 2025

 

This certificate is delivered to you in accordance with Clause 9.5 of the Trust Deed dated 9 February 2021 (the “Trust Deed”) and made between Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. (the “Issuer”) and Stichting Trustee Just Eat Takeaway.com II (the “Trustee”). All words and expressions defined in the Trust Deed shall (save as otherwise provided herein or unless the context otherwise requires) have the same meanings herein. The undersigned, having made all reasonable enquiries to the best of [his/her][the Issuer’s] knowledge, information and belief, hereby confirms (but without any personal liability):

 

(a) As at [●]1, no Event of Default or Change of Control existed [other than [●]]2 and no Event of Default or Change of Control had existed at any time since [●]3 [the Certification Date (as defined in the Trust Deed) of the last certificate delivered under Clause 9.54]/[the date of the Trust Deed] [other than [●]]5; and

 

(a) From and including [●]3 [the Certification Date of the last certificate delivered under Clause 9.5]4/[the date of the Trust Deed] to and including [●]1, the Issuer confirms that there has been no breach in respect of its obligations under the Trust Deed [other than [●]]6 and that no Change of Control [other than [●]]7 has occurred.

 

For and on behalf of the Issuer

 

Managing Director

 

 

1 Specify a date not more than 5 days before the date of delivery of the certificate.
2 If any Event of Default or Change of Control did exist, give details; otherwise delete.
3 Insert date of Trust Deed in respect of the first certificate delivered under Clause 9.5, otherwise delete.
4 Include unless the certificate is the first certificate delivered under Clause 9.5, in which case delete.
5 If any Event of Default or Change of Control did exist, give details; otherwise delete.
6 If the Issuer has failed to comply with any obligation(s), give details; otherwise delete.
7 If a Change of Control has occurred, give details; otherwise delete.

 

  76  

 

 

DocuSign Envelope ID: 2841226B-C814-42D6-94AD-BB3CE877F835

 

SIGNED by

  

JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V.  
   
By:    
   
/s/ Brent Wissink  
Brent Wissink  
   
Authorised Signatory    

  

Signature page to Trust Deed

 

  77  

 

 

SIGNED by

 

STICHTING TRUSTEE JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM II  
   
By:
 
   
/s/ H.D. de Rijk    
H.D. de Rijk

 
By:    

/s/ N.E. Stegehuis
 
N.E. Stegehuis

IQ EQ Structure Finance B.V.,

In turn represented by H.D. de Rijk (proxy holder) and N.E. Stegehuis (proxy holder).
 
   
Authorised Signatory    

 

Signature page to Trust Deed

 

  78  

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Exhibit 4.6

 

EXECUTION VERSION

 

Dated 9 February 2021

 

JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V.

 

as Issuer

 

and

 

STICHTING TRUSTEE JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM II

 

as Trustee

 

TRUST DEED

 

constituting

€500,000,000 0.625 per cent. Convertible Bonds due 2028

 

Linklaters

 

Ref: L-308478

 

Linklaters LLP

 

  1  

 

 

Table of Contents

 

  Contents Page
     
1 Interpretation 3
     
2 Amount of the Original Bonds and Covenant to pay 7
     
3 Form of the Original Bonds 8
     
4 Stamp Duties and Taxes 8
     
5 Further Issues 9
     
6 Application of Moneys received by the Trustee 10
     
7 Covenant to Comply 11
     
8 Covenants relating to Conversion Rights 11
     
9 Covenants 11
     
10 Remuneration and Indemnification of the Trustee 13
     
11 Proceedings and Actions by the Trustee 14
     
12 Trustee’s Rights and Obligations 15
     
13 Modification, Waiver and Proof of Default 20
     
14 Trustee not precluded from entering into Contracts 21
     
15 Appointment, Retirement and Removal of the Trustee: 21
     
16 Currency Indemnity 22
     
17 Communications 23
     
18 No rescission 24
     
19 Governing Law and Jurisdiction 24
     
20 Counterparts 24
   
SCHEDULE 1 Terms and Conditions of the Bonds 25
   
SCHEDULE 2 Form of Original Individual Certificate 62
   
SCHEDULE 3 Form of Original Global Bond Certificate 66
   
SCHEDULE 4 Provisions for Meetings of Bondholders 71
   
SCHEDULE 5 Form of Directors’ Certificate 78

 

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This Trust Deed is made on 9 February 2021 between:

 

(1) JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V., a limited liability company (naamloze vennootschap) incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands, having its corporate seat (statutaire zetel) in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and its office at Oosterdoksstraat 80, 1011 DK Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and registered with the trade register of the chamber of commerce under number 08142836, as issuer (the “Issuer”); and

 

(2) STICHTING TRUSTEE JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM II, a foundation (stichting) incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands, having its corporate seat (statutaire zetel) in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, with its office at Hoogoorddreef 15, 1101 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and registered with the trade register of the chamber of commerce under number 81761201, as trustee (the “Trustee”, which expression shall, where the context so admits, include all persons for the time being the trustee or trustees of this Trust Deed).

 

Whereas:

 

(A) The Issuer has by resolutions of (i) its management board passed on 1 February 2021, (ii) its supervisory board passed on 1 February 2021 and (iii) the convertible pricing committee established by the management board passed on 2 February 2021, authorised the issue of two tranches of senior unsecured convertible bonds due 2025 (“Tranche A”) and due 2028 (“Tranche B”), Tranche B to be constituted by this Trust Deed and the issue of the Shares on conversion of the Bonds.

 

(B) The Trustee has agreed to act as trustee of this Trust Deed on the following terms and conditions.

 

This Deed witnesses and it is declared as follows:

 

1 Interpretation

 

1.1 Definitions: The following expressions shall have the following meanings:

 

Agents” means, in relation to the Original Bonds, the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, the Registrar and any other paying and conversion agent appointed pursuant to the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement (and “Agent” means any one of them) and, in relation to any Further Bonds, means any agent or registrar appointed in relation to them;

 

Bondholder” and “holder” mean, in relation to a Bond, the person in whose name the Bond is registered in the Bonds Register;

 

Bonds” means the Original Bonds and/or, as the context may require, any Further Bonds except that in Schedules 2 and 3 “Bonds” means the Original Bonds;

 

Bonds Register” has the meaning specified in Section 14 of the Conditions;

 

Business Day” means a calendar day other than a Saturday or a Sunday which in Amsterdam is neither a public holiday nor a calendar day on which banking institutions are closed;

 

Certification Date” has the meaning specified in Clause 9.5;

 

Clearstream, Luxembourg” means Clearstream Banking S.A.;

 

Conditions” means, in relation to the Original Bonds, the terms and conditions set out in Schedule 1 and, in relation to any Further Bonds, the terms and conditions relating to such

 

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Further Bonds (which may, for the avoidance of doubt, be the terms and conditions set out in Schedule 1) as any of the same may from time to time be modified in accordance with this Trust Deed, and, with respect to any Bonds evidenced by a Global Bond Certificate, as modified by the provisions of such Global Bond Certificate and references in this Trust Deed to a particular numbered Section of the Conditions shall be construed accordingly and, in relation to any Further Bonds, as a reference to the provision (if any) in the Conditions thereof which corresponds to the particular Section of the Conditions of the Original Bonds;

 

Consolidated Financial Statements” means the Issuer’s audited consolidated annual financial statements or its unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements, as the case may be, including the relevant accounting policies and notes to the accounts and in each case prepared in accordance with IFRS from time to time;

 

Contractual Currency” has the meaning specified in Clause 16.1;

 

Conversion Price” has the meaning specified in Section 5.1(a) of the Conditions;

 

Conversion Rights” has the meaning specified in Section 5.1(a) of the Conditions;

 

Euroclear” means Euroclear Bank SA/NV;

 

Event of Default” means any of the events described in Section 8 of the Conditions;

 

Extraordinary Resolution” has the meaning set out in Schedule 4;

 

Further Bonds” means any further Bonds issued in accordance with the provisions of Clause 5 and the Conditions and constituted by a deed supplemental to this Trust Deed;

 

Global Bond Certificate” means the Original Global Bond Certificate and/or as the context may require any other global bond certificate evidencing Further Bonds or any of them except that in Schedule 3 Global Bond Certificate means the Original Global Bond Certificate;

 

a “holding company” of a company or a corporation means any company or corporation of which the first mentioned company or corporation is a subsidiary;

 

IFRS” means the international accounting standards within the meaning of the IAS Regulation 1606/2002 to the extent applicable to the relevant financial statements, as amended;

 

Individual Certificates” means the Original Individual Certificates and/or as the context may require any other individual certificates evidencing Further Bonds or any of them;

 

Liability” and “Liabilities” mean any loss, damage, cost, charge, claim, demand, expense, judgment, action, proceeding or other liability whatsoever (including, without limitation, in respect of taxes, duties, levies, imposts and other charges) and including any value added tax or similar tax charged or chargeable in respect thereof and legal fees and expenses on a full indemnity basis;

 

Original Bonds” means the bonds in or substantially in the form set out in Schedule 2 comprising the €500,000,000 0.625 per cent. Convertible Bonds due 2028 constituted by this Trust Deed and for the time being outstanding or, as the context may require, a specific number of them and includes any replacement Bonds issued pursuant to the Conditions and (except for the purposes of Clauses 3.1 and 3.2) the Global Bond Certificate;

 

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Original Bondholders” means, in relation to an Original Bond, the person in whose name the Original Bond is registered in the Bonds Register;

 

Original Individual Certificates” means those Original Bonds for the time being evidenced by definitive certificates in the form or substantially in the form set out in Schedule 2 and in accordance with Section 13.3 of the Conditions;

 

Original Global Bond Certificate” means the global bond certificate in registered form which will evidence the Original Bonds, substantially in the form set out in Schedule 3, and evidencing the registration of the person named therein in the Bonds Register;

 

outstanding” means, in relation to the Bonds, all the Bonds issued except (a) those which have been redeemed in accordance with the Conditions, (b) those in respect of which Conversion Rights have been exercised and all the obligations of the Issuer to issue or transfer and deliver Shares have been performed in relation thereto, (c) those in respect of which the date for redemption has occurred and the redemption moneys (including all interest accrued on such Bonds to the date for such redemption and any interest payable under the Conditions after such date) have been duly paid to the relevant Bondholder or on its behalf or to the Trustee or to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent as provided in Clause 2 and remain available for payment against surrender of Bonds (if so required), as the case may be, (d) those which have become void or those in respect of which claims have become prescribed, (e) those mutilated or defaced Bonds which have been surrendered in exchange for replacement Bonds (if so required), (f) those which have been purchased and cancelled as provided in the Conditions and (g) the Global Bond Certificate to the extent that it shall have been exchanged for interests in another Global Bond Certificate and any certificate to the extent that it shall have been exchanged for Individual Certificates pursuant to its provisions;

 

Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement” means, in relation to the Original Bonds, the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement dated on or about the date hereof, as altered from time to time, between the Issuer, the Trustee, the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, and the Registrar whereby the initial Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent and the Registrar were appointed in relation to the Original Bonds and includes any other agreements approved in writing by the Trustee (such approval not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed) appointing Successor Agents amending or modifying any of such agreements;

 

Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent” means, in relation to the Original Bonds, ABN AMRO Bank N.V. at its specified office, in its capacity as Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent (in respect of the Original Bonds) and, in relation to any Further Bonds, the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent appointed in respect of such Further Bonds and, in each case, any Successor Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent;

 

Proceedings” has the meaning specified in Clause 19.2;

 

Registrar” means Bank of America Europe Designated Activity Company at its specified office, in its capacity as Registrar and any Successor Registrar;

 

Shares” has the meaning specified in Section 14 of the Conditions;

 

specified office” means, in relation to any Agent, either the office identified with its name in Section 15.7 of the Conditions or any other office approved by the Trustee and notified to the Bondholders pursuant to Clause 9.11;

 

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Subsidiary” has the meaning specified in Section 14 of the Conditions;

 

Successor” means, in relation to the Agents, such other or further person as may from time to time be appointed by the Issuer as an Agent with the prior written approval of, and on terms approved in writing by, the Trustee (such approval not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed) and notice of whose appointment is given to Bondholders pursuant to Clause 9.11; and

 

this Trust Deed” means this Trust Deed, the Schedules (as from time to time amended, modified and/or supplemented in accordance with this Trust Deed) and any other document executed in accordance with this Trust Deed (as from time to time so altered) and expressed to be supplemental to this Trust Deed.

 

1.2 Construction of Certain References:

 

References to:

 

1.2.1 costs, charges, remuneration or expenses shall include any value added tax, turnover tax or similar tax charged in respect thereof;

 

1.2.2 euro” and “€” means the currency introduced at the start of the third stage of the European economic and monetary union pursuant to the Treaty establishing the European Community, as amended;

 

1.2.3 any action, remedy or method of judicial proceedings for the enforcement of rights of creditors shall include, in respect of any jurisdiction other than the Netherlands, references to such action, remedy or method of judicial proceedings for the enforcement of rights of creditors available or appropriate in such jurisdiction as shall most nearly approximate thereto;

 

1.2.4 any provision of any statute shall be deemed also to refer to any statutory modification or re-enactment thereof or any statutory instrument, order or regulation made thereunder or under such modification or re-enactment;

 

1.2.5 such approval not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed” or like references shall mean, when used in this Trust Deed, the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement or the Conditions, in relation to the Trustee that, in determining whether to give consent or approval, the Trustee shall have due regard to the interests of Bondholders and any determination as to whether or not its consent or approval is unreasonably withheld or delayed shall be made on that basis; and

 

1.2.6 references in this Trust Deed to “reasonable” or “reasonably” and similar expressions relating to the Trustee and any exercise of power, opinion, determination or other similar matter shall be construed as meaning reasonable or reasonably (as the case may be) having due regard to, and taking into account the interests of, the Bondholders.

 

1.3 Conditions: Words and expressions defined in the Conditions and not defined in the main body of this Trust Deed shall when used in this Trust Deed (including the recitals) have the same meanings as are given to them in the Conditions.

 

1.4 Headings: Headings shall be ignored in construing this Trust Deed.

 

1.5 Schedules: The Schedules are part of this Trust Deed and shall have effect accordingly.

 

  6  

 

 

1.6 Modification etc. of Statutes: References to a statutory provision include that provision as from time to time modified or re-enacted whether before or after the date of this Trust Deed.

 

1.7 Certificates: Where a director of the Issuer is required pursuant to the provisions of this Trust Deed to sign a certificate, any such certificate shall be given for and on behalf of the Issuer and the relevant director shall have no personal liability therefor.

 

2 Amount of the Original Bonds and Covenant to pay

 

2.1 Amount of the Original Bonds: The aggregate principal amount of the Original Bonds is limited to €500,000,000.

 

2.2 Covenant to pay: Unless previously redeemed, converted, settled or purchased and cancelled as provided for in the Conditions, the Issuer will, on any date when any Original Bonds become due to be redeemed, in accordance with this Trust Deed or the Conditions, unconditionally pay (or procure to be paid) to or to the order of the Trustee in euro in same day funds the principal amount of the Original Bonds or such other amount as provided in the Conditions becoming due for redemption on that date and will (subject to the Conditions) until such payment (both before and after judgment) unconditionally so pay or procure to be paid to or to the order of the Trustee interest on the principal amount of the Original Bonds outstanding as set out in the Conditions provided that:

 

2.2.1 subject to the provisions of Clause 2.4, payment of any sum due in respect of the Original Bonds made to or to the account of the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent as provided in the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement shall, to that extent, satisfy such obligation except to the extent that there is failure in its subsequent payment to the relevant Original Bondholders under the Conditions; and

 

2.2.2 a payment made after the due date or pursuant to Section 8 of the Conditions will be deemed to have been made when the full amount due has been received by the Trustee or the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent and notice to that effect has been given to the Original Bondholders (if required under Clause 9.6), except to the extent that there is a failure in the subsequent payment to the relevant holders under the Conditions.

 

2.3 Discharge: Subject to Clause 2.4, any payment to be made in respect of the Bonds by the Issuer or the Trustee may be made as provided in the Conditions and any payment so made will (subject to Clause 2.4) to such extent be a good discharge to the Issuer or the Trustee, as the case may be.

 

2.4 Payment after a Default: At any time after an Event of Default has occurred, the Trustee may:

 

2.4.1 by notice in writing to the Issuer and the Agents, require the Agents (or any of them), until notified by the Trustee to the contrary, so far as permitted by any applicable law:

 

(i) to act as Agents of the Trustee under this Trust Deed and the Bonds on the terms of the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement (with consequential amendments as necessary and except that the Trustee’s liability for the indemnification, remuneration and expenses of the Agents will be limited to the amounts for the time being held by the Trustee in

 

  7  

 

 

respect of the Bonds on the terms of this Trust Deed) and thereafter to hold all Bonds, cash and/or Shares received on conversion or redemption of the Bonds and all moneys, documents and records held by them in respect of Bonds to the order of the Trustee; or

 

(ii) to deliver all Bonds, cash and/or Shares received on conversion or redemption of the Bonds and all moneys, documents and records held by them in respect of the Bonds to the Trustee or as the Trustee directs in such notice, provided that such notice shall be deemed not to apply to any documents or records which the relevant Agent is obliged not to release by any law or regulation; and

 

2.4.2 by notice in writing to the Issuer, require the Issuer to make all subsequent payments in respect of the Bonds to, or to the order of, the Trustee and not to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent with effect from the issue of any such notice to the Issuer; and from then until such notice is withdrawn, proviso 2.2.1 to Clause 2.2 shall cease to have effect.

 

3 Form of the Original Bonds

 

3.1 The Original Global Bond Certificate: The Original Bonds will be evidenced by the Original Global Bond Certificate initially in the principal amount of €500,000,000 and the Issuer shall procure that appropriate entries be made in the Bonds Register by the Registrar to reflect the issue of such Original Bonds. The Original Global Bond Certificate will be delivered to and the Original Bonds registered in the name of a common depositary for Euroclear and Clearstream, Luxembourg. The Original Global Bond Certificate will be exchangeable for Original Individual Certificates in accordance with Section 13.3 of the Conditions.

 

3.2 The Original Individual Certificates: The Original Individual Certificates may be printed or typed and need not be security printed unless otherwise required by applicable stock exchange requirements. The Original Individual Certificates and Original Global Bond Certificate will be in or substantially in the respective forms set out in Schedules 2 and 3. Original Individual Certificates will be endorsed with the Conditions.

 

3.3 Signature: The Original Global Bond Certificate and any Original Individual Certificate (if issued) will be signed manually, in facsimile or electronically by a managing director of the Issuer and will be authenticated by or on behalf of the Registrar. The Issuer may use the manual, facsimile or electronic signature of any person who is at the date of this Trust Deed a managing director of the Issuer even if at the time of issue of any Original Bonds he no longer holds such office. Original Bonds (including the Original Global Bond Certificate) so executed and authenticated will be valid and binding obligations of the Issuer.

 

4 Stamp Duties and Taxes

 

4.1 Stamp Duties: The Issuer will pay any capital, stamp, issue, registration, transfer and other taxes and duties (excluding, for the avoidance of doubt, capital gains tax or similar taxes on gains or profits) payable (i) in the Netherlands, Belgium or Luxembourg on or in respect of the creation, issue and initial offering of the Bonds and the execution of this Trust Deed and (ii) in the Netherlands, or any jurisdiction in which the Issuer may be domiciled or resident or to whose taxing jurisdiction the Issuer may generally be subject or

 

  8  

 

 

the jurisdiction where the Relevant Exchange is located, upon the issue or delivery of the Shares on conversion pursuant to the Conditions. The Issuer will also indemnify the Trustee and the Bondholders from and against all capital, stamp, issue, registration, transfer and other taxes (excluding, for the avoidance of doubt, capital gains tax or similar taxes on gains or profits) paid by any of them in any jurisdiction in relation to which the liability to pay arises directly as a result of any action taken by or on behalf of the Trustee or, as the case may be and where entitled under Section 10 of the Conditions to do so, the Bondholders to enforce the obligations of the Issuer under this Trust Deed or the Bonds.

 

4.2 Change of Taxing Jurisdiction: If the Issuer becomes subject generally to the taxing jurisdiction of any territory or any authority of or in that territory having power to tax other than or in addition to the Netherlands then the Issuer will (unless the Trustee otherwise agrees) give to the Trustee an undertaking satisfactory to the Trustee in terms corresponding to the terms of Section 6 of the Conditions with the substitution for, or (as the case may require) the addition to, the references in that Section to the Netherlands of references to that other territory or authority or additional territory or authority to whose taxing jurisdiction the Issuer has become so subject (provided that such undertaking shall be subject to such exceptions as reflect exceptions under the law of the relevant taxing jurisdiction and as are similar in scope and effect to those exceptions set out in Section 6 of the Conditions) and in such event this Trust Deed and the Bonds will be read accordingly.

 

5 Further Issues

 

5.1 Liberty to Create: The Issuer may, from time to time without the consent of the Bondholders, create and issue Further Bonds having the same terms and conditions in all respects (or in all respects except for the amount and due date for the first payment of interest thereon and the first date on which Conversion Rights may be exercised) as (i) the Original Bonds or (ii) any previously issued Further Bonds so that the same shall be consolidated and form a single series with the Original Bonds or any Further Bonds, or (in any case) upon such terms as to interest, conversion, premium, redemption and otherwise as the Issuer may at the time of issue thereof determine.

 

5.2 Means of Constitution: Any Further Bonds created and issued pursuant to the provisions of Clause 5.1 so as to form a single series with the Original Bonds and/or the Further Bonds of any series shall be constituted by a deed supplemental to this Trust Deed and any other Further Bonds of any series created and issued pursuant to the provisions of Clause 5.1 may be so constituted. The Issuer shall, prior to the issue of any Further Bonds to be so constituted, execute and deliver to the Trustee a deed supplemental to this Trust Deed and containing a covenant by the Issuer in the form mutatis mutandis of Clause 2 of this Trust Deed in relation to such Further Bonds and such other provisions (corresponding to any of the provisions contained in this Trust Deed) as the Trustee shall require.

 

5.3 Notice of Further Issues: Whenever it is proposed to create and issue any Further Bonds, the Issuer shall give to the Trustee not less than 14 days’ notice in writing of its intention to do so, stating the principal amount of Further Bonds proposed to be created or issued. The Trustee shall keep this information confidential in accordance with Clause 12.2.13.

 

5.4 Separate Series: Any Further Bonds not forming a single series with the Original Bonds and/or previously issued Further Bonds of any series shall form a separate series and accordingly, unless for any purpose the Trustee in its absolute discretion shall otherwise

 

  9  

 

 

determine, the provisions of Clauses 5 and 6.2 and Clauses 7 to 20 (inclusive) and Schedule 4 shall apply mutatis mutandis separately and independently to the Bonds of each such series and in such Clauses and Schedule the expressions “Bonds” and “Bondholders” shall be construed accordingly.

 

6 Application of Moneys received by the Trustee

 

6.1 Application: All moneys received by the Trustee in respect of the Original Bonds and any Further Bonds forming a single series with the Original Bonds or amounts payable under this Trust Deed will, regardless of any appropriation of all or part of them by the Issuer, be applied by the Trustee (subject to Clause 6.2):

 

6.1.1 first, in payment of all fees, costs, charges, expenses and liabilities properly incurred by the Trustee (including remuneration and any indemnity amounts payable to it) and/or any agent or delegate appointed by the Trustee in carrying out its or their functions under this Trust Deed;

 

6.1.2 secondly, in payment of any amounts owing in respect of the Original Bonds and any Further Bonds forming a single series with the Original Bonds pari passu and rateably; and

 

6.1.3 thirdly, in payment of the balance (if any) to the Issuer for itself.

 

If the Trustee holds any moneys in respect of Original Bonds and any Further Bonds forming a single series with the Original Bonds which have become void or in respect of which claims have become prescribed under the Conditions, the Trustee will hold them in accordance with this Clause 6.1.

 

6.2 Accumulation: If the amount of the moneys at any time available for payment in respect of the Bonds under Clause 6.1 is less than 10 per cent. of the principal amount of the Bonds then outstanding, the Trustee may, at its discretion, invest such moneys. The Trustee may retain such investments and accumulate the resulting income until the investments and the accumulations, together with any other funds for the time being under the control of the Trustee and available for such payment, amount to at least 10 per cent. of the principal amount of the Bonds then outstanding whereupon such investments, accumulations and funds (after deduction of, or provision for, any applicable taxes) will be applied as specified in Clause 6.1.

 

6.3 Investment: Moneys held by the Trustee may be invested in the name, or under the control, of the Trustee in any investments or other assets anywhere, for the time being authorised by Dutch law, whether or not they produce income, or placed on deposit in the name or under the control of the Trustee at such bank or other financial institution and in such currency as the Trustee may, in its absolute discretion, think fit, whether or not such deposit carries negative interest or no interest at all. If that bank or institution is the Trustee or a subsidiary, holding company or associated company of the Trustee, it need only account for an amount of interest equal to the standard amount of interest payable by it on such a deposit to an independent customer. The Trustee may at any time vary or transpose any such investments or assets for or into other such investments or assets or convert any moneys so deposited into any other currency, and will not be responsible to any person whatsoever for any loss occasioned thereby, whether by depreciation in value, fluctuation in exchange rates, negative interest or otherwise.

 

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7 Covenant to Comply

 

So long as any Bond remains outstanding, the Issuer hereby covenants with the Trustee that it will comply with and perform and observe all the provisions of this Trust Deed which are expressed to be binding on it. The Conditions shall be binding on the Issuer and the Bondholders. The Trustee shall be entitled to enforce the obligations of the Issuer under the Bonds and the Conditions as if the same were set out and contained in this Trust Deed which shall be read and construed as one document with the Bonds. The provisions contained in Schedule 1 shall have effect in the same manner as if herein set forth.

 

8 Covenants relating to Conversion Rights

 

So long as any Bond is outstanding, the Issuer hereby undertakes to and covenants with the Trustee that:

 

8.1 Conversion Rights: it will, save with the approval of an Extraordinary Resolution or with the approval of the Trustee where, in the Trustee’s opinion, it is not materially prejudicial to the interests of the Bondholders to give such approval, observe and perform all its obligations under the Conditions and this Trust Deed with respect to Conversion Rights.

 

8.2 Notices: it will:

 

8.2.1 Adjustment to Conversion Price: as soon as practicable after the announcement of the terms of any event giving rise to an adjustment of the Conversion Price, give notice to the Bondholders in accordance with Section 15.7 of the Conditions advising them of the date on which the relevant adjustment of the Conversion Price is likely to become effective and of the effect of exercising their Conversion Rights pending such date; and

 

8.2.2 Directors’ Certificate: upon the happening of an event as a result of which the Conversion Price will be adjusted, as soon as reasonably practicable deliver to the Trustee a certificate signed by a managing director of the Issuer (which the Trustee shall be entitled to accept and rely on without further enquiry or liability in respect thereof as sufficient evidence of the correctness of the matters referred to therein) setting forth brief particulars of the event, and the adjusted Conversion Price and the date on which such adjustment takes effect and in any case setting forth such other particulars and information as the Trustee may reasonably require.

 

9 Covenants

 

So long as any Bond is outstanding, the Issuer covenants with the Trustee that it will:

 

9.1 Books of Account: keep, and procure that each Subsidiary keeps, proper books of account.

 

9.2 Notice of Events of Default etc: notify the Trustee in writing immediately on becoming aware of the occurrence of any Event of Default or Change of Control.

 

9.3 Information: so far as permitted by applicable law, give or procure to be given to the Trustee such information as it reasonably requires to perform its functions.

 

9.4 Financial Statements, etc.: send to the Trustee:

 

9.4.1 as soon as the same become available, but in any event within the longer of 120 days of its most recent financial year-end and the legal period for making this

 

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document generally available, a copy of the Issuer’s audited annual Consolidated Financial Statements for such financial year, prepared and presented in accordance with IFRS, together with the report thereon by the Issuer’s independent auditors; and

 

9.4.2 as soon as the same become available, but in any event within the longer of 90 days of the end of the first half of each financial year and the legal period of making this document generally available, a copy of the Issuer’s interim Consolidated Financial Statements, prepared and presented in accordance with IFRS, as at, and for the period ending on, the end of such period,

 

each certified by a managing director of the Issuer as presenting a true and fair view of the consolidated financial position of the Issuer and its consolidated subsidiaries as at the relevant date, and the consolidated results of operations and changes in consolidated financial position of the Issuer and its consolidated subsidiaries for the relevant period then ended.

 

9.5 Certificate of executive directors: send to the Trustee within 14 days of the Issuer’s audited annual Consolidated Financial Statements being made publicly available, and also within 14 days of any request by the Trustee a certificate substantially in the form set out in Schedule 5 from the Issuer signed by any managing director of the Issuer that, having made all reasonable enquiries, to the best of the knowledge, information and belief of the Issuer as at a date (the “Certification Date”) not more than five days before the date of the certificate, no Change of Control, Event of Default or other breach of this Trust Deed had occurred since the Certification Date of the last such certificate or (if none) the date of this Trust Deed or, if such an event had occurred, giving details of it.

 

9.6 Notices to Bondholders: send or procure to be sent to the Trustee not less than three days prior to the date of publication, for the Trustee’s review, a copy of each notice to be given to the Bondholders as a class in accordance with the Conditions and not publish such notice without consulting the Trustee, and upon publication, send to the Trustee a copy of such notice. The Trustee shall keep this information confidential in accordance with Clause 12.2.13.

 

9.7 Further Acts: so far as permitted by applicable law, do such further things as may be necessary in the reasonable opinion of the Trustee to give effect to this Trust Deed.

 

9.8 Notice of late payment: forthwith upon request by the Trustee give notice to the Bondholders of any unconditional payment to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent or the Trustee of any sum due in respect of the Bonds made after the due date for such payment.

 

9.9 Obligations of Agents and Registrar: observe and comply with its obligations and use all reasonable endeavours to procure that the Agents observe and comply with all their obligations under the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement and notify the Trustee immediately if it becomes aware of any material breach or failure by an Agent in relation to the Bonds.

 

9.10 Listing and Trading: use its reasonable endeavours to obtain the admission of the Original Bonds to trading on the Open Market (Freiverkehr) of the Frankfurt Stock Exchange or another EEA or United Kingdom stock exchange or trading platform no later than 11 March 2021. Thereafter, and in respect of any Further Bonds, the Issuer will use its reasonable endeavours to maintain such admission to trading for so long as any of the

 

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Bonds remain outstanding. If, however, the Issuer determines in good faith that it can no longer comply with the requirements for such listing, having used such endeavours, or if the maintenance of such listing or admission to trading is unduly onerous, the Issuer will instead use its reasonable endeavours to obtain and maintain a listing on such other stock exchange or admission to trading on such other securities market of the Bonds as the Issuer may (with the written approval of the Trustee, such approval not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed) decide, and shall upon obtaining a quotation or listing of the Bonds on such other stock exchange or exchanges or securities market or markets as aforesaid, comply with the requirements of any such stock exchange or securities market.

 

9.11 Change in Agents: give at least 14 days’ prior notice to the Bondholders of any future appointment, resignation or removal of an Agent or of any change by an Agent of its specified office and not make any such appointment or removal without the Trustee’s written approval (such approval not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed).

 

9.12 Early Redemption: give prior notice to the Trustee and the Bondholders of any proposed redemption pursuant to Sections 4.1 or 4.2 of the Conditions in accordance therewith.

 

9.13 Authorised but Unissued Capital: at all times keep available for issue free from pre-emptive rights a sufficient number of Shares held in treasury or authorised share capital to enable the exercise of Conversion Rights pursuant to the Conditions and all other rights of subscription and exchange for Shares, to be satisfied in full at the then current Conversion Price.

 

9.14 Bonds Register: deliver or procure the delivery to the Trustee of an up-to-date copy of the Bonds Register in respect of the Bonds, certified as being a true, accurate and complete copy, as soon as practicable following the date hereof and in any event within three Business Days following the date hereof and at such other times as the Trustee may reasonably require.

 

10 Remuneration and Indemnification of the Trustee

 

10.1 Normal Remuneration: So long as any Bond is outstanding, the Issuer will pay to the Trustee by way of remuneration for its services as trustee such sum as may from time to time be agreed between them. Such remuneration will accrue from day to day from the date of this Trust Deed and shall be payable in advance, annually as may be agreed between the Issuer and the Trustee. However, if any payment to a Bondholder of the moneys due in respect of any Bond is improperly withheld or refused by the Trustee upon due surrender (if so required) of such Bond, such remuneration will not accrue as from the date of the withholding or refusal until payment to such Bondholder is duly made.

 

10.2 Extra Remuneration: If an Event of Default shall have occurred, the Issuer hereby agrees that the Trustee shall be entitled to be paid additional remuneration calculated at its normal hourly rates in force from time to time for any additional time spent on its duties that is reasonably attributable to that Event of Default. In any other case, if the Trustee finds it expedient or necessary or is requested by the Issuer to undertake duties which the Trustee and the Issuer agree to be of an exceptional nature or otherwise outside the scope of the Trustee’s normal duties under this Trust Deed and the Trustee’s scope of work agreed between the Issuer and the Trustee, the Issuer will pay such additional reasonable remuneration as they may agree (and which may be calculated by reference to the Trustee’s normal hourly rates in force from time to time) or, failing agreement as to any of the matters in this Clause (or as to such sums referred to in Clause 10.1), as determined

 

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by a financial institution or person (acting as an expert) selected by the Trustee and approved by the Issuer. The expenses involved in such nomination and such financial institution’s fee will be borne by the Issuer. The determination of such financial institution or person will, in the absence of manifest error, be conclusive and binding on the Issuer, the Trustee and the Bondholders.

 

10.3 Expenses: Subject to the separate fee arrangements made between the Issuer and the Trustee, the Issuer will on demand by the Trustee pay or discharge all reasonable and documented costs, charges, liabilities and expenses properly incurred by the Trustee in the preparation and execution of this Trust Deed and the performance of its functions under this Trust Deed including, but not limited to, legal and travelling expenses and any stamp, documentary or other taxes or duties paid by the Trustee in connection with any legal proceedings properly brought or reasonably contemplated by the Trustee against the Issuer to enforce any provision of this Trust Deed and the Bonds. Such costs, charges, liabilities and expenses will:

 

10.3.1 in the case of payments made by the Trustee before such demand carry interest from the date of the demand at a rate equal to the Trustee’s cost of funding for the relevant period of time, and

 

10.3.2 in other cases carry interest at such rate from 30 days after the date of the demand or (where the demand specifies that payment is to be made on an earlier date) from such earlier date.

 

10.4 Indemnity: The Issuer will on demand by the Trustee indemnify it in respect of Amounts or Claims paid or properly incurred by it in acting as trustee under this Trust Deed (including (1) any Agent/Delegate Liabilities and (2) in respect of disputing or defending any Amounts or Claims made against the Trustee or any Agent/Delegate Liabilities). The Issuer will on demand by such agent or delegate indemnify it against such Agent/Delegate Liabilities. “Amounts or Claims” are losses, liabilities, claims, actions, and “Agent/Delegate Liabilities” are Amounts or Claims which the Trustee is or would be obliged to pay or reimburse to any of its agents or delegates appointed pursuant to this Trust Deed.

 

10.5 Provisions Continuing: The provisions of Clauses 10.3 and 10.4 will continue in full force and effect in relation to the Trustee even if it may have ceased to be Trustee and notwithstanding any termination or discharge of this Trust Deed.

 

11 Proceedings and Actions by the Trustee

 

11.1 Trustee not bound unless specific action taken:

 

11.1.1 The Trustee may at any time, at its discretion and without notice, take such proceedings, actions or steps (including lodging an appeal in any proceedings) against the Issuer as it may think fit to enforce the provisions of this Trust Deed and the Bonds, but it shall not be bound to take any such proceedings, actions or steps in relation to this Trust Deed or the Bonds unless (i) it shall have been so directed by an Extraordinary Resolution of the Bondholders or so requested in writing by the holders of at least one-quarter in principal amount of the Bonds then outstanding, and (ii) it shall have been indemnified and/or secured and/or prefunded to its satisfaction.

 

11.1.2 In urgent cases, such as imminent bankruptcy, moratorium or reorganisation of the Issuer, the Trustee will be entitled at its discretion to relinquish, reduce or alter the

 

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rights of Bondholders in whole or in part, and to take other measures which it considers to be in the interests of the Bondholders, if the Trustee considers, in its sole discretion, that such action can no longer be delayed. For the avoidance of doubt, any such action may be taken by the Trustee without having been previously directed or authorised by an Extraordinary Resolution of the Bondholders. The Trustee will forthwith notify the Bondholders of any such actions and steps at a meeting of Bondholders to be convened by the Trustee within one month after such action has been taken by the Trustee. The Trustee will in no event be liable in respect of the exercise, or failure to exercise, the power of the Trustee granted to it in this Clause 11.1.2 or the consequences thereof.

 

11.1.3 No Bondholder shall be entitled to (i) take any proceedings, actions or steps against the Issuer to enforce the performance of any of the provisions of this Trust Deed or the Bonds or (ii) take any other proceedings, actions or steps (including lodging an appeal in any proceedings) in respect of or concerning the Issuer, in each case unless the Trustee, having become bound so to take any such proceedings, actions or steps, fails so to do within a reasonable period and the failure shall be continuing.

 

11.2 Accounts: If at any time the Issuer’s obligations under the Bonds have become immediately due and payable, the Trustee may draw up duly specified accounts of all amounts due in relation to the Bonds outstanding according to the records made available by the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent and the Registrar under the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, together with accrued interest and any other amounts owed by the Issuer in respect of the Bonds, including the Trustee’s fee and indemnification for costs incurred by the Trustee. The Issuer will act in accordance with and fully accept the accounts drawn up by the Trustee, subject to evidence to the contrary.

 

11.3 Action by Trustee:

 

11.3.1 Only the Trustee may enforce the rights under the Bonds of the Bondholders against the Issuer. Save as provided in Section 10 of the Conditions, no person shall be entitled to proceed directly against the Issuer to enforce the performance of any provision of the Bonds.

 

11.3.2 If any Bonds become due and payable under Section 8 of the Conditions the only remedy of the Trustee against the Issuer consists of enforcing the rights granted to the Trustee pursuant to this Trust Deed and the Conditions.

 

12 Trustee’s Rights and Obligations

 

12.1 Reliance on Information

 

12.1.1 Advice: The Trustee may in relation to this Trust Deed act, without thereby incurring any Liability, on a report, confirmation or certificate or any advice of any lawyers, accountants, financial advisers, financial institution or other expert, whether or not addressed to it and whether or not their liability in relation thereto is limited (by its terms or by any engagement letter relating thereto entered into by the Trustee or in any other manner) by reference to a monetary cap, methodology or otherwise. The Trustee may accept and shall be entitled to rely on any such report, confirmation or certificate or advice and such report, confirmation or certificate or advice shall be binding on the Issuer, the Trustee and the Bondholders;

 

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12.1.2 Certificate of a Managing Director: the Trustee may call for and shall be at liberty to accept a certificate signed by any managing director of the Issuer as to any fact or matter prima facie within the knowledge of the Issuer as sufficient evidence thereof and a like certificate to the effect that any particular dealing, transaction or step or thing is, in the opinion of the person so certifying, expedient as sufficient evidence that it is expedient and the Trustee shall not be bound in any such case to call for further evidence or be responsible for any Liability that may be occasioned by its failing so to do;

 

12.1.3 Resolution of Bondholders: the Trustee shall not be responsible for acting upon any resolution purporting to have been passed at a meeting of Bondholders in respect whereof minutes have been made and signed, even though it may subsequently be found that there was some defect in the constitution of the meeting of Bondholders or the passing of the resolution or that for any reason the resolution purporting to have been passed at any meeting of Bondholders was not valid or binding upon the Bondholders;

 

12.1.4 Reliance on certification of clearing system: the Trustee may call for any certificate or other document issued by Euroclear or Clearstream, Luxembourg or any other relevant clearing system or a common depository therefor. Any such certificate or other document shall, in the absence of manifest error, be conclusive and binding for all purposes. Any such certificate or other document may comprise any form of statement or print out of electronic records provided by the relevant clearing system (including Euroclear’s EUCLID or Clearstream, Luxembourg’s CreationOnline system) in accordance with its usual procedures and in which the holder of a particular principal or nominal amount of the Bonds is clearly identified together with the amount of such holding. The Trustee shall not be liable to any person by reason of having accepted as valid or not having rejected any certificate or other document to such effect purporting to be issued by Euroclear, Clearstream, Luxembourg, or any other relevant clearing system and subsequently found to be forged or not authentic;

 

12.1.5 Entry on the Bonds Register: the Trustee shall not be liable to the Issuer or any Bondholder by reason of having accepted as valid or not having rejected any entry on the Bonds Register later found to be forged or not authentic and shall assume for all purposes in relation hereto that any entry on the Bonds Register is correct;

 

12.1.6 Forged Bonds: the Trustee shall not be liable to the Issuer or any Bondholder by reason of having accepted as valid or not having rejected any Bond or assignment deed or notification thereof as such and subsequently found to be forged or not authentic; and

 

12.1.7 Trustee not responsible for investigations: the Trustee shall not be responsible for, or for investigating any matter which is the subject of, any recital, statement, representation, warranty or covenant of any person contained in this Trust Deed, the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, the Bonds, or any other agreement or document relating to the transactions herein or therein contemplated or for the execution, legality, effectiveness, adequacy, genuineness, validity, enforceability or admissibility in evidence thereof and shall assume the accuracy and correctness thereof nor shall the Trustee, by execution of this Trust Deed, be deemed to make any representation as to the validity, sufficiency or enforceability of either the whole or any part of this Trust Deed.

 

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12.2 Trustee’s powers and duties

 

12.2.1 Trustee’s determination: The Trustee may determine whether or not a default in the performance by the Issuer of any obligation under the provisions of or contained in this Trust Deed or the Bonds is capable of remedy and/or materially prejudicial to the interests of the Bondholders. If the Trustee shall certify that any such default is, in its opinion, not capable of remedy and/or materially prejudicial to the interests of the Bondholders, such certificate shall be conclusive and binding upon the Issuer and/or, as the case may be, the Bondholders;

 

12.2.2 Determination of questions: the Trustee as between itself and the Bondholders shall have full power to determine all questions and doubts arising in relation to any of the provisions of this Trust Deed and the Bonds and every such determination, whether made upon a question actually raised or implied in the acts or proceedings of the Trustee, shall be conclusive and shall bind the Trustee and the Bondholders;

 

12.2.3 Trustee’s discretion: the Trustee shall (save as expressly otherwise provided herein) as regards all the powers, authorities and discretions vested in it by this Trust Deed or by operation of law have absolute and uncontrolled discretion as to the exercise or non-exercise thereof and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any Liability that may result from the exercise or non-exercise thereof but, whenever the Trustee is under the provisions of this Trust Deed bound to act at the request or direction of the Bondholders, the Trustee shall nevertheless not be so bound unless first indemnified and/or provided with security to its satisfaction against all actions, proceedings, claims and demands to which it may render itself liable and all Liabilities which it may incur by so doing;

 

12.2.4 Trustee’s consent: any consent given by the Trustee for the purposes of this Trust Deed and the Bonds may be given on such terms and subject to such conditions (if any) as the Trustee may require and (notwithstanding any provision to the contrary) may be given retrospectively;

 

12.2.5 Conversion of currency: where it is necessary or desirable for any purpose in connection with this Trust Deed to convert any sum from one currency to another it shall (unless otherwise provided by this Trust Deed or required by law) be converted at such rate(s) of exchange, in accordance with such method and as at such date for the determination of such rate(s) of exchange as may be specified by the Trustee in its absolute discretion as relevant and any rate of exchange, method and date so specified shall be binding on the Issuer and the Bondholders;

 

12.2.6 Application of proceeds: the Trustee shall not be responsible for the receipt or application by the Issuer of the proceeds of the issue of the Bonds;

 

12.2.7 Events of Default: the Trustee shall inform the Bondholders upon its receipt of a notice in writing from the Issuer of the occurrence of an Event of Default or a breach of the covenants given by the Issuer, however, the Trustee shall not be bound to take any steps to ascertain whether any Event of Default has happened and, until it shall have actual knowledge or express notice to the contrary, the Trustee shall be entitled to assume that no Event of Default has happened and that the Issuer is observing and performing all the obligations on its part contained in this Trust Deed, the Bonds or any other agreement or document relating to the transactions herein or therein contemplated and no event has happened as a consequence of which any of the Bonds may become repayable;

 

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12.2.8 Initiate proceedings: the Trustee may settle or litigate any claims, debts or damages due by it or owing to it, it may take all action, initiate all proceedings and exercise all rights and powers as it may deem appropriate for the purposes of this Trust Deed;

 

12.2.9 External advice: the Trustee may, in the conduct of its obligations pursuant to this Trust Deed and the Bonds, appoint and pay reasonable fees to an external adviser, whether or not a lawyer or other professional person, to advise or provide legal or expert assistance, or concur in advising or providing such assistance, on any business and such appointment shall be notified to the Issuer and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or omission on the part of any person appointed by it hereunder or be bound to supervise the proceedings or acts of, and shall not in any way or to any extent be responsible for any Liability incurred by reason of the misconduct, omission or default on the part of, any such person (except insofar as the same are incurred because of the wilful misconduct or gross negligence of the Trustee). The Trustee shall not appoint an external adviser who provides similar services to the Issuer;

 

12.2.10 Bondholders as a class: whenever in this Trust Deed or the Conditions the Trustee is required in connection with the exercise of its functions to have regard to the interests of the Bondholders, it shall have regard to the interests of the Bondholders as a class. The Trustee shall not have regard to any interests arising from circumstances particular to individual Bondholders (whatever their number) and, in particular but without limitation, shall not have regard to the consequences of the exercise of its powers, authorities or discretions for individual Bondholders resulting from their being for any purpose domiciled or resident in, or otherwise connected with, or subject to the jurisdiction of, any particular territory, and the Trustee shall not be entitled to require, nor shall any Bondholder be entitled to claim, from the Issuer or any other person any indemnification or payment in respect of any tax consequence of any such exercise upon individual Bondholders, except to the extent provided for in this Trust Deed or the Conditions;

 

12.2.11 Agents: the Trustee may, in conducting its rights and obligations under this Trust Deed instead of acting personally, employ and pay an agent on any terms, whether or not a lawyer or other professional person, to transact or conduct, or concur in transacting or conducting, any business and to do or concur in doing all acts required to be done by the Trustee (including the receipt and payment of money) and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any loss, liability, expense, demand, cost, claim or proceedings incurred by reason of the misconduct, omission or default on the part of any person appointed by it hereunder to the extent that the Trustee has selected the agent exercising due care and has exercised reasonable oversight over the agent’s actions;

 

12.2.12 Delegation: the Trustee may, in the execution and exercise of all or any of the powers, authorities and discretions vested in it by this Trust Deed, whenever it thinks fit, whether by power of attorney or otherwise, delegate to any person or persons reasonably deemed competent for the intended purpose all or any of the powers, authorities and discretions vested in it by this Trust Deed. Any such delegation may be made upon such terms and conditions and subject to such regulations (including power to sub-delegate with the consent of the Trustee) as the Trustee may think fit in the interests of the Bondholders and the Trustee shall

 

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not in any way or to any extent be responsible for any Liability incurred by reason of the misconduct, omission or default on the part of such delegate or sub-delegate to the extent that the Trustee has selected the delegate or sub-delegate exercising due care and has exercised reasonable oversight over its actions; and

 

12.2.13 Confidentiality: the Trustee shall, and shall ensure that each of its agents as referred to in Clause 12.2.11 above and its delegates and sub-delegates as referred to in Clause 12.2.12 above will and are bound by the same obligation to, respect and protect the confidentiality of all information acquired as a result of or pursuant to this Trust Deed, including (but not limited to) any notices pursuant to Clause 5.3 or Clause 9.6 and the Issuer's intention to give any such notice, and will not, without the Issuer's prior written consent, disclose any such information to a third party, unless it is required to do so by any applicable law or regulation or is specifically authorised to do so hereunder or by any separate agreement, especially where the provision of such information is the object or part of the service to be provided by the Trustee. Where any such information may constitute price-sensitive information, the Trustee shall, and shall ensure that each of its delegates and sub-delegates will and are bound by the same obligation to keep that information strictly confidential until that information has been made publicly available other than as a result of a breach by the Trustee or any of its delegates or sub-delegates of this Clause.

 

12.3 Financial matters

 

12.3.1 Annual Reports: The Trustee shall make available for public inspection, at its Amsterdam office and at the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent’s specified office, copies of the Trustee’s balance sheet and its profit and loss account for its preceding financial year, and a written report of its activities during that financial year;

 

12.3.2 Expenditure by the Trustee: the Trustee may refrain from taking any action or exercising any right, power, authority or discretion vested in it under the Bonds, this Trust Deed or any other agreement relating to the transactions herein or therein contemplated or from taking any action to enforce the security until it has been indemnified and/or secured to its satisfaction against any and all Liabilities which might be brought, made or conferred against or suffered, incurred or sustained by it as a result (which may include payment on account). When determining whether an indemnity or any security or pre-funding is satisfactory to it, the Trustee shall be entitled (i) to evaluate its risk in any given circumstance by considering the worst-case scenario and (ii) to require that any indemnity or security or prefunding given to it by the Bondholders or any of them be given on a joint and several basis and be supported by evidence satisfactory to it as to the financial standing and creditworthiness of each counterparty and/or as to the value of the security and an opinion as to the capacity, power and authority of each counterparty and/or the validity and effectiveness of the security. Nothing contained in this Trust Deed or the Bonds shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of its duties or the exercise of any right, power, authority or discretion hereunder if it has grounds for believing the repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against, or security for, such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it; and

 

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12.3.3 Deductions and withholdings: notwithstanding anything contained in this Trust Deed or the Bonds, to the extent required by applicable law, if the Trustee is required to make any deduction or withholding from any distribution or payment made by it under this Trust Deed or the Bonds (other than in connection with its remuneration as provided for herein) or if the Trustee is otherwise charged to, or may become liable to, tax as a consequence of performing its duties under this Trust Deed or the Bonds, then the Trustee shall be entitled to make such deduction or withholding or (as the case may be) to retain out of sums received by it an amount sufficient to discharge any liability to tax which relates to sums so received or distributed or to discharge any such other liability of the Trustee to tax from the funds held by the Trustee pursuant to this Trust Deed. For the avoidance of doubt, the Trustee shall have no obligation to gross up any payment hereunder or pay any additional amount as a result of such withholding tax.

 

12.4 Trustee Liability: Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Trust Deed or the Conditions, the Trustee shall not be liable to any person for any matter or thing done or omitted in any way in connection with or in relation to this Trust Deed or the Conditions save in relation to its own wilful misconduct or gross negligence.

 

13 Modification, Waiver and Proof of Default

 

13.1 Modification and Waiver: The Trustee may agree, without the consent of the Bondholders, to (i) any modification of any of the provisions of this Trust Deed, any trust deed supplemental to this Trust Deed, the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, any agreement supplemental to the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, the Bonds or the Conditions which in the Trustee’s opinion is of a formal, minor or technical nature or is made to correct a manifest error or to comply with mandatory provisions of law, and (ii) any other modification to this Trust Deed, any trust deed supplemental to this Trust Deed, the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, any agreement supplemental to the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, the Bonds or the Conditions (except for the matters set out in the proviso following paragraph 16.7 of Schedule 4), and any waiver or authorisation of any breach or proposed breach, of any of the provisions of this Trust Deed, any trust deed supplemental to this Trust Deed, the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, any agreement supplemental to the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, the Bonds or the Conditions which is, in the opinion of the Trustee, not materially prejudicial to the interests of the Bondholders. The Trustee may, without the consent of the Bondholders, determine that any Event of Default should not be treated as such, provided that in the opinion of the Trustee, the interests of Bondholders will not be materially prejudiced thereby. Any such modification, authorisation, waiver or determination shall be binding on the Bondholders and, if the Trustee so requires, shall be notified to the Bondholders promptly in accordance with Section 15.7 of the Conditions.

 

13.2 Proof of Default: If it is proved that as regards any specified Bond the Issuer has made default in paying any sum due to the relevant Bondholder, such proof will (unless the contrary be proved) be sufficient evidence that the same default has been made as regards all other Bonds which are then payable.

 

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14 Trustee not precluded from entering into Contracts

 

The Trustee and any other person, whether or not acting for itself may acquire, hold or dispose of, any Bond or any Shares or other securities (or any interest therein) of the Issuer or any other person with the same rights as it would have had if the Trustee were not trustee and may enter into or be interested in any contracts or transactions with the Issuer or any such person and may act on, or as depositary or agent for, any committee or body of holders of any securities of any such person in each case with the same rights as it would have had if the Trustee were not acting as trustee and need not account for any profit.

 

15 Appointment, Retirement and Removal of the Trustee:

 

15.1 Appointment: Subject as provided in Clause 15.2 below, the Issuer has the power of appointing a new trustee or trustees but no one may be so appointed unless previously approved by an Extraordinary Resolution. Any appointment of a new trustee will be notified by the Issuer to the Bondholders and the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent as soon as practicable.

 

15.2 Retirement and Removal: Any Trustee may retire at any time on giving not less than three months’ notice in writing to the Issuer without giving any reason and without being responsible for any costs (which costs shall be borne by the Issuer) occasioned by such retirement and the Bondholders may by Extraordinary Resolution remove any Trustee. If a Trustee gives notice of retirement or an Extraordinary Resolution is passed for its removal under this Clause 15.2, the Issuer will use all reasonable endeavours to procure that another person be appointed as trustee but if it fails to do so before the expiry of such three month notice period, the Trustee shall have the power to appoint a new trustee.

 

15.3 Appointment, Resignation and Removal of Directors:

 

15.3.1 Pursuant to the Trustee’s articles of association, the Trustee’s board (bestuur) shall consist of one or more Trustee directors (bestuurders) to be appointed by the Trustee’s board. Trustee directors may only be trust companies in the Netherlands having a licence under the Dutch Act on Supervision of Trust Companies (Wet toezicht trustkantoren) as well as natural persons and/or legal entities engaged by such trust companies. Trustee directors may be suspended and dismissed by the Trustee’s board. The Bondholders may also dismiss a Trustee director by Extraordinary Resolution, provided that neither the Trustee nor the Trustee director so dismissed shall be responsible for any costs or expenses arising from any such dismissal.

 

15.3.2 The Trustee’s board shall elect out of its midst a chairman, in case the Trustee’s board would consist of more than one Trustee director.

 

15.3.3 In case of one or more vacancies in the Trustee’s board, the remaining Trustee directors unanimously (or the sole remaining Trustee director) shall fill such vacancy or vacancies by the appointment of one or more successors within three months after the creation of the vacancy or vacancies.

 

15.3.4 In case of any vacancies then the remaining Trustee directors or the sole remaining Trustee director shall nevertheless constitute a lawful Trustee’s board.

 

15.3.5 In case of any disagreement among the remaining Trustee directors about the appointment and also in case at any time all Trustee directors would be absent and

 

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finally in case the remaining Trustee directors should fail to fill the vacancy or vacancies within the period mentioned in Clause 15.3.3, those vacancies shall be filled by the Bondholders by Extraordinary Resolution.

 

15.3.6 Membership of the Trustee’s board shall terminate by:

 

(i) death or dissolution of the Trustee director;

 

(ii) loss of free disposal of the assets of the Trustee director;

 

(iii) voluntary resignation (vrijwillig aftreden), provided that in case the resigning Trustee director was the sole Trustee director (for the avoidance of doubt, unless dismissal is automatic per the Trustee’s articles of association), the Issuer and the Trustee will use reasonable endeavours to ensure that such resignation will not become effective until a successor Trustee director has been appointed;

 

(iv) dismissal by virtue of Section 2:298 of the Dutch Civil Code;

 

(v) a dismissal resolution taken by the other Trustee directors and passed unanimously;

 

(vi) cancellation of the licence of the Trustee director under the Dutch Act on Financial Supervision of Trust Companies;

 

(vii) bankruptcy or suspension of payments of the Trustee director;

 

(viii) a dismissal Extraordinary Resolution, provided that neither the Trustee nor the Trustee director so removed shall be responsible for any costs or expenses arising from any such removal; or

 

(ix) in case a Trustee director previously engaged by a trust company as defined in Clause 15.3.1 is no longer engaged by such trust company.

 

15.4 Merger: A corporation or other legal entity into which the Trustee may be merged or converted, or any corporation or other legal entity with which the Trustee may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, shall, on the date when the merger, conversion or consolidation becomes effective and to the extent permitted by any applicable laws and subject to any requirements set out in this Trust Deed become the successor trustee under this Trust Deed without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of the parties to this Trust Deed, unless otherwise required by the Issuer, and after the said effective date, all references in this Trust Deed to the Trustee shall be deemed to be references to such successor corporation or legal entity. Written notice of any such merger, conversion or consolidation shall immediately be given to the Issuer by the Trustee.

 

16 Currency Indemnity

 

16.1 Currency of Account and Payment: Euro (the “Contractual Currency”) is the sole currency of account and payment for all sums payable by the Issuer under or in connection with this Trust Deed and the Bonds, including damages.

 

16.2 Extent of Discharge: An amount received or recovered in a currency other than the Contractual Currency (whether as a result of, or of the enforcement of, a judgment or order of a court of any jurisdiction, in the insolvency, winding-up or dissolution of the Issuer or otherwise) by the Trustee or any Bondholder in respect of any sum expressed to be due to

 

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it from the Issuer will only discharge the Issuer to the extent of the Contractual Currency amount which the recipient is able to purchase with the amount so received or recovered in that other currency on the date of that receipt or recovery (or, if it is not practicable to make that purchase on that date, on the first date on which it is practicable to do so).

 

16.3 Indemnity: If that Contractual Currency amount is less than the Contractual Currency amount expressed to be due to the recipient under this Trust Deed or the Bonds, the Issuer will indemnify it against any loss sustained by it as a result. In any event, the Issuer will indemnify the recipient against the cost of making any such purchase.

 

16.4 Indemnity separate: The indemnities in this Clause 16 and in Clause 10.4 constitute separate and independent obligations from the other obligations in this Trust Deed, and will give rise to a separate and independent cause of action.

 

17 Communications

 

Any communication shall be by letter, facsimile transmission or electronic communication:

 

in the case of the Issuer, to it at:

 

Address: Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V.

 

Oosterdoksstraat 80, 1011 DK Amsterdam, the Netherlands

 

Email: brent.wissink@takeaway.com / jitse.groen@takeaway.com

Attention: Brent Wissink / Jitse Groen

 

and in the case of the Trustee, to it at:

 

Address: Stichting Trustee Just Eat Takeaway.com II

Hoogoorddreef 15, 1101 BA, Amsterdam

 

Fax no.: +31 20 5222 500

Email: NLSupervisory@iqeq.com

Attention: The Directors

 

or to such other address, facsimile number, email address or attention details which shall have been notified in writing (in accordance with this Clause 17) to the other parties hereto.

 

Communications will take effect, in the case of a letter, when delivered, in the case of a fax, when the relevant delivery receipt is received by the sender, or in the case of an electronic communication when the relevant receipt of such communication being read is given, or where no read receipt is requested by the sender, at the time of sending, provided that no delivery failure notification is received by the sender within 24 hours of sending such communication; provided that any communication which is received (or deemed to take effect in accordance with the foregoing) outside business hours or on a non-business day in the place of receipt shall be deemed to take effect at the opening of business on the next following business day in such place. Any communication delivered to any party under this Trust Deed which is to be sent by fax or electronic communication will be written legal evidence.

 

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18 No rescission

 

Each party to this Trust Deed waives its rights under Sections 6:228 (Dwaling), 6:265 (Ontbinding) and, to the extent legally permissible, 6:230 (Wijziging op verzoek) of the Dutch Civil Code to rescind, annul or to dissolve this Trust Deed in whole or in part.

 

19 Governing Law and Jurisdiction

 

19.1 Governing Law: This Trust Deed and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with it, including, for the avoidance of doubt, Clause 19.2, shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the law of The Netherlands.

 

19.2 Jurisdiction: The courts of Amsterdam, the Netherlands, subject to the authority of the Trustee, if it considers this expedient, to agree to prorogation (prorogatie), shall have exclusive jurisdiction to settle any disputes which may arise out of or in connection with this Trust Deed or the Bonds (and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with them) and accordingly any legal action or proceedings arising out of or in connection with this Trust Deed or the Bonds (“Proceedings”) may be brought in such courts. The Issuer irrevocably submits to the jurisdiction of such courts and waives any objections to Proceedings in such courts on the ground of venue or on the ground that the Proceedings have been brought in an inconvenient forum. This submission is for the benefit of each of the Trustee and the Bondholders.

 

20 Counterparts

 

This Trust Deed and any trust deed supplemental hereto may be executed in any number of counterparts, and by each party on separate counterparts. Each counterpart is an original, but all counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument. Delivery of a counterpart of this Trust Deed or any trust deed supplemental hereto by email attachment or telecopy shall be an effective mode of delivery.

 

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SCHEDULE 1

Terms and Conditions of the Bonds

 

1 General

 

1.1 Description

 

Each Bond evidenced by this certificate is one of a duly authorised issue of debt securities of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., a limited liability company (naamloze vennootschap) incorporated under the laws of The Netherlands (the “Issuer”), designated as its €500,000,000 0.625 per cent. convertible bonds due 2028 (the “Bonds”, which expression shall include any Further Bonds issued pursuant to Section 15.6). The Bonds will mature on 9 February 2028 (the “Maturity Date”). The Bonds are issued in denominations of €100,000 each. The Bonds are constituted by a Trust Deed (the “Trust Deed”) dated 9 February 2021 between the Issuer and Stichting Trustee Just Eat Takeaway.com II (the “Trustee” which expression shall include all persons for the time being the trustee or trustees under the Trust Deed) as trustee for the holders of the Bonds. The Issuer has also entered into a paying, transfer and conversion agency agreement (the “Agency Agreement”) dated 9 February 2021 with ABN AMRO Bank N.V., as principal paying, transfer and conversion agent (the “Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent”), Bank of America Europe Designated Activity Company, as registrar in respect of the Bonds (the “Registrar”), the other paying and conversion agents named therein (the “Conversion Agents” and, together with the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent and the Registrar, collectively, the “Agents”, which term shall include successors and assigns of any such Agent as the context requires) and the Trustee. The holders of the Bonds are entitled to the benefit of, are bound by, and are deemed to have notice of, all the provisions of the Trust Deed and are deemed to have notice of those applicable to them of the Agency Agreement. The Issuer has also entered into a calculation agency agreement dated 9 February 2021 (the “Calculation Agency Agreement”) with Conv-Ex Advisors Limited (the “Calculation Agent”, which expression shall include any successor as calculation agent under the Calculation Agency Agreement) whereby the Calculation Agent has been appointed to make certain calculations in relation to the Bonds. Copies of the Trust Deed, Agency Agreement and Calculation Agency Agreement are available for inspection by holders of the Bonds during usual office hours at the office of the Trustee at Hoogoorddreef 15, 1101 BA Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and at the specified offices of the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent and the Registrar.

 

1.2 Definitions

 

Capitalised terms used herein are defined in Section 14. Capitalised terms used but not defined in these terms and conditions (these “Conditions”) shall have the meanings attributed to them in the Trust Deed unless the context requires otherwise or unless otherwise stated.

 

2 Status of the Bonds and Negative Pledge

 

2.1 Status

 

The Bonds constitute direct, unconditional, unsubordinated and (subject to Section 2.2) unsecured obligations of the Issuer and shall at all times rank pari passu and without preference among themselves and at least equally with all other unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of the Issuer, present and future (subject to any obligations preferred by mandatory provisions of law).

 

2.2 Negative Pledge

 

So long as any Bond remains outstanding (as defined in the Trust Deed), the Issuer will not, and will ensure that none of its Material Subsidiaries will, create or permit to subsist any mortgage, charge, lien, pledge or other security interest, upon the whole or any part of its present or future undertaking,

 

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assets or revenues (including any uncalled capital) to secure any Capital Markets Indebtedness or to secure any guarantee or indemnity in respect of any Capital Markets Indebtedness, without at the same time or prior thereto providing the Bonds with the same security as is created or subsisting to secure any such Capital Markets Indebtedness, guarantee or indemnity or such other security as either (i) the Trustee shall in its absolute discretion deem not materially less beneficial to the interests of the Bondholders or (ii) shall be approved by an Extraordinary Resolution of the Bondholders.

 

In this Section 2.2, “Capital Markets Indebtedness” means any present or future indebtedness (whether being principal, interest or other amounts) which is in the form of, or represented or evidenced by, bonds, notes, debentures, loan stock or other securities, whether issued for cash or in whole or in part for a consideration other than cash, which for the time being are, or are intended to be or capable of being, quoted, listed or dealt in or traded on any stock exchange or over-the-counter or other securities market.

 

3 Payments

 

3.1 Principal

 

Unless previously redeemed, converted, settled or purchased and cancelled as provided herein, the principal amount of each Bond will be payable on the Maturity Date. The amount due on the Maturity Date shall be 100 per cent. of its principal amount (the “Redemption Price”).

 

3.2 Interest

 

(a) Generally

 

The Bonds bear interest from and including the Closing Date at a rate of 0.625 per cent. per annum, payable semi-annually in arrear in equal instalments on 9 February and 9 August in each year and on the Maturity Date (each an “Interest Payment Date”), commencing on 9 August 2021. The interest payable on each Interest Payment Date will be the interest accrued (a) in respect of the interest period commencing on the Closing Date, from and including the Closing Date to but excluding such Interest Payment Date; and (b) in respect of each subsequent interest period, from and including the most recent prior Interest Payment Date to which interest on the Bonds has been fully paid or duly provided for, to but excluding such Interest Payment Date (each, an “Interest Period”). The amount of interest payable in respect of a Bond for any period (a “Short Period”) which is shorter than an Interest Period shall be calculated on the basis of the number of days in such Short Period from (and including) the first day of such Short Period to (but excluding) the last day of such Short Period divided by the product of (x) the number of days from (and including) the first day of such Short Period to (but excluding) the Interest Payment Date falling after the first day of such Short Period and (y) the number of Interest Periods normally ending in any year.

 

(b) Accrued Interest

 

In respect of any Bonds for which a Conversion Notice has been given, interest shall cease to accrue with effect from the Interest Payment Date immediately preceding the relevant Conversion Date (or, if none, the Closing Date) and, subject as provided below, no interest shall be paid on such Bonds in respect of any period commencing on or after such Interest Payment Date (or, as the case may be, the Closing Date) to which interest on the Bonds has been fully paid or duly provided for.

 

In respect of Bonds for which the Issuer has given a Redemption Notice and subsequently Conversion Rights have been exercised, interest shall accrue at the rate provided in Section 3.2(a) above to but excluding the Conversion Date if the Redemption Notice is given on or after the 15th Business Day prior to a Dividend Determination Date in respect of any Cash or

 

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Stock Dividend on the Shares, and the redemption date specified in such notice falls on or prior to 14 Business Days after the first Interest Payment Date following such Dividend Determination Date. The Issuer shall pay any such interest by not later than 14 days after the relevant Conversion Date by transfer to a euro account with a bank in a city in which banks have access to the TARGET System in accordance with instructions given by the relevant Bondholder in the relevant Conversion Notice. However, no such interest shall be paid if the relevant Cash or Stock Dividend on the Shares has resulted in an adjustment to the Conversion Price and which is applicable to the relevant exercise of Conversion Rights.

 

Where a Bond is redeemed pursuant to Section 4.1, 4.2 or 4.3, interest on such Bond will accrue up to, but excluding, the due date for redemption thereof unless payment of principal is improperly withheld or refused, in which event interest will continue to accrue at the rate specified in Section 3.2(a) (both before and after judgment) up to, but excluding, the Relevant Date.

 

(c) Repayment of Certain Amounts

 

If any Bondholder shall have received any interest payment to which it was not entitled by virtue of Section 3.2(d) below, such Bondholder shall promptly repay the amount of such interest payment to the Issuer by wire transfer in immediately available funds or in such other manner notified by the Issuer to such Bondholder.

 

(d) Record Date

 

The interest payable on any Interest Payment Date will be paid to the Person in whose name the Bonds are registered at 5:00 p.m. (local time in the place of payment) on the Record Date. In these Conditions, “Record Date” means the date falling five Business Days before the due date for any payment.

 

3.3 Due Date not a Business Day

 

Notwithstanding any other provision of the Bonds or the Agency Agreement, if the date on which any principal, interest or other payment obligation is due falls on a day that is not a Business Day, the Issuer shall have until (and including) the next succeeding Business Day to satisfy its payment obligation, and any such payment shall be given the same force and effect as if made on the date on which such principal, interest or other payment obligation was due. Bondholders shall not be entitled to any further interest or other payments for such delay.

 

3.4 Overdue Payment Obligations

 

Any overdue principal of or interest on the Bonds, or any other overdue amount on any payment obligation hereunder, will bear interest payable on demand at a rate per annum equal to EURIBOR but not less than zero, from and including the date of default to but excluding the date when paid.

 

3.5 Payment Procedures

 

The Issuer will, unless otherwise specified in these Conditions, discharge its payment obligations hereunder by paying to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent under the Agency Agreement, and causing the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent to tender to each Bondholder, on or before the due date thereof for value as of such due date an amount of euros in immediately available funds that is sufficient to satisfy such payment obligation. All amounts payable to any Bondholder hereunder, or to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent under the Agency Agreement will, unless otherwise specified in these Conditions, be paid to such account as appears on the Bonds Register at 5:00 p.m. (local time in the place of payment) on the Record Date or as the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent shall notify to the Issuer, as the case may be, in accordance with the terms of the Agency Agreement. Bonds in certificated form shall be

 

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presented and surrendered for payment on maturity at the office of the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent or such other establishment as notified to the Bondholders from time to time in accordance with Section 15.7.

 

4 Redemption

 

4.1 Redemption at the Option of the Issuer

 

On giving not less than 30 nor more than 60 days’ notice (an “Optional Redemption Notice”) to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, the Trustee and to the Bondholders in accordance with Section 15.7, the Issuer may elect to redeem all but not some only of the Bonds on the date (the “Optional Redemption Date”) specified in the Optional Redemption Notice at the Redemption Price, together with accrued but unpaid interest up to (but excluding) the Optional Redemption Date:

 

(a) at any time on or after the First Call Date and up to but excluding the Second Call Date, if the Parity Value on each of at least 20 Trading Days in any period of 30 consecutive Trading Days ending not more than seven Trading Days prior to the giving of the relevant Optional Redemption Notice, shall have equalled or exceeded €150,000, as verified by the Calculation Agent;

 

(b) at any time on or after the Second Call Date, if the Parity Value on each of at least 20 Trading Days in any period of 30 consecutive Trading Days ending not more than seven Trading Days prior to the giving of the relevant Optional Redemption Notice, shall have equalled or exceeded €130,000, as verified by the Calculation Agent; or

 

(c) at any time if, prior to the date the relevant Optional Redemption Notice is given, Conversion Rights shall have been exercised and/or purchases (and corresponding cancellations) and/or redemptions effected in respect of 85 per cent. or more in principal amount of the Bonds originally issued (which shall for this purpose include any Further Bonds).

 

First Call Date” means 24 February 2025.

 

Second Call Date” means 24 February 2026.

 

On the Optional Redemption Date, the Issuer shall redeem the Bonds at their Redemption Price together with accrued but unpaid interest up to (but excluding) the Optional Redemption Date.

 

4.2 Redemption for Taxation Reasons

 

At any time the Issuer may, having given not less than 30 nor more than 60 days’ notice (a “Tax Redemption Notice”) to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, the Trustee and the Bondholders in accordance with Section 15.7, redeem (subject to the second following paragraph) all but not some only of the Bonds outstanding on the date (the “Tax Redemption Date”) specified in the Tax Redemption Notice at the Redemption Price plus accrued but unpaid interest up to (but excluding) the Tax Redemption Date, if (a) the Issuer satisfies the Trustee immediately prior to the giving of such notice that the Issuer has or will become obliged to pay additional amounts in respect of payments of interest on the Bonds pursuant to Section 6 as a result of any change in, or amendment to, the laws or regulations of any Taxing Jurisdiction or any political subdivision or any authority thereof or therein having power to tax, or any change in the general application or official interpretation of such laws or regulations, which change or amendment becomes effective on or after 2 February 2021, and (b) such obligation cannot be avoided by the Issuer taking reasonable measures available to it, provided that no such Tax Redemption Notice shall be given earlier than 90 days prior to the earliest date on which the Issuer would be obliged to pay such additional amounts were a payment in respect of the Bonds then due. Prior to the publication of any Tax Redemption Notice, the Issuer shall deliver to the Trustee (1) a certificate signed by a member of the management board (lid

 

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van de raad van bestuur) of the Issuer stating that the Issuer is entitled to effect such redemption and setting forth a statement of facts showing that the conditions precedent to the right of the Issuer so to redeem have occurred, and (2) an opinion of independent legal or tax advisers of recognised standing to the effect that such change or amendment has occurred and that the Issuer has or will become obliged to pay such additional amounts as a result thereof (irrespective of whether such amendment or change is then effective).

 

On the Tax Redemption Date the Issuer shall (subject to the next following paragraph) redeem the Bonds at the Redemption Price, together with accrued but unpaid interest up to (but excluding) such date.

 

If the Issuer gives a Tax Redemption Notice, each Bondholder will have the right to elect that its Bonds shall not be redeemed pursuant to such notice and that the provisions of Section 6 shall not apply in respect of any payment of interest to be made on such Bonds which falls due after the relevant Tax Redemption Date, whereupon no additional amounts shall be payable in respect thereof pursuant to Section 6 and payment of all amounts of such interest on such Bonds shall be made subject to the deduction or withholding of any taxation in the relevant Taxing Jurisdiction required to be withheld or deducted. To exercise such right, the holder of the relevant Bond must complete, sign and deposit at the specified office of the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent or any Conversion Agent, a duly completed and signed notice of election, in the form for the time being current, obtainable from the specified office of the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent or any Conversion Agent together with the relevant Bonds if in certificated form on or before the day falling 10 days prior to the Tax Redemption Date.

 

4.3 Redemption at the Option of Bondholders upon a Change of Control

 

Following the occurrence of a Change of Control, the holder of each Bond will have the right to require the Issuer to redeem that Bond on the Change of Control Put Date at its Redemption Price, plus accrued but unpaid interest up to (but excluding) the Change of Control Put Date. To exercise such right, the holder of the relevant Bond must deliver such Bond if in certificated form to the specified office of the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent or any Conversion Agent, together with a duly completed and signed notice of exercise in the form for the time being current obtainable from the specified office of the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent or any Conversion Agent (a “Change of Control Put Exercise Notice”), at any time during the Change of Control Period. The “Change of Control Put Date” shall be the fourteenth calendar day after the expiry of the Change of Control Period.

 

Payment in respect of any such Bond shall be made by transfer to a euro account with a bank in a city in which banks have access to the TARGET System as specified by the relevant Bondholder in the relevant Change of Control Put Exercise Notice.

 

A Change of Control Put Exercise Notice, once delivered, shall be irrevocable and the Issuer shall redeem all Bonds the subject of Change of Control Put Exercise Notices delivered as aforesaid on the Change of Control Put Date.

 

Within 14 calendar days following the occurrence of a Change of Control, the Issuer shall give notice thereof to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, the Trustee and the Bondholders in accordance with Section 15.7 (a “Change of Control Notice”). The Change of Control Notice shall contain a statement informing Bondholders of their entitlement to exercise their Conversion Rights as provided in these Conditions and their entitlement to exercise their rights to require redemption of their Bonds pursuant to this Section 4.3.

 

The Change of Control Notice shall also specify:

 

(a) all information material to Bondholders concerning the Change of Control;

 

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(b) the Conversion Price immediately prior to the occurrence of the Change of Control and the Change of Control Conversion Price applicable pursuant to Section 5.4(c) during the Change of Control Period on the basis of the Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to the occurrence of the Change of Control;

 

(c) the Closing Price of the Shares as at the latest practicable date prior to the publication of the Change of Control Notice;

 

(d) the Change of Control Period;

 

(e) the Change of Control Put Date; and

 

(f) such other information relating to the Change of Control as the Trustee may reasonably require.

 

The Trustee shall not be required to monitor or take any steps to ascertain whether a Change of Control or any event which could lead to a Change of Control has occurred or may occur and will not be responsible or liable to Bondholders or any other person for any loss arising from any failure by it to do so.

 

4.4 Redemption Notices

 

The Issuer shall not give an Optional Redemption Notice or Tax Redemption Notice at any time during a Change of Control Period or an Offer Period or which specifies a date for redemption falling in a Change of Control Period or an Offer Period or the period of 21 days following the end of a Change of Control Period or Offer Period (whether or not the relevant notice was given prior to or during such Change of Control Period or Offer Period), and any such notice shall be invalid and of no effect (whether or not given prior to the relevant Change of Control Period or Offer Period) and the relevant redemption shall not be made.

 

Any Redemption Notice shall be irrevocable. Any such notice shall specify (i) the Optional Redemption Date or, as the case may be, the Tax Redemption Date which shall be a Business Day, (ii) the Conversion Price, the aggregate principal amount of the Bonds outstanding and the Closing Price of the Shares, in each case as at the latest practicable date prior to the publication of the Redemption Notice and (iii) the last day on which Conversion Rights may be exercised by Bondholders.

 

Offer Period” means any period commencing on the date of first public announcement of an offer or tender (howsoever described) by any person or persons in respect of all or a majority of the issued and outstanding Shares and ending on the date that offer or tender ceases to be open for acceptance or, if earlier, on which that offer or tender lapses or terminates or is withdrawn.

 

5 Conversion Rights

 

5.1 Conversion Rights and Conversion Price

 

(a) Conversion Rights

 

Subject as provided in these Conditions, each Bond shall entitle the Bondholder to require the Issuer to, provided that the relevant Conversion Date falls during the Conversion Period, convert each Bond into the relevant number of Shares as provided in Section 5.3 (“Conversion Rights”), as determined by the Calculation Agent by reference to the conversion price (the “Conversion Price”) in effect on the relevant Conversion Date.

 

Subject to and as provided in these Conditions, Conversion Rights may only be exercised from (and including) the Closing Date until (and including) the earlier of (a) the seventh Business

 

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Day preceding the Maturity Date or (b) if the Bonds have been called for redemption prior to the Maturity Date, the seventh Business Day preceding the relevant redemption date.

 

The period during which Conversion Rights may (subject as provided herein) be exercised by a Bondholder is referred to as the “Conversion Period”.

 

(b) Conversion Price

 

The initial Conversion Price is €144.9250 per Share. The Conversion Price is subject to adjustment in the circumstances described in Section 5.4.

 

5.2 Procedures for Exercising Conversion Rights

 

(a) Delivery of Conversion Notice on exercise of Conversion Rights

 

Subject to the terms and conditions of this Section 5.2, each Bondholder may exercise its Conversion Rights by giving at its own expense to the Conversion Agent a conversion notice (and, if required under Section 5.2(c) below, the relevant Bond certificate) substantially in the form set forth in the Agency Agreement (a “Conversion Notice”). The Business Day following the day on which such Conversion Notice shall have been received (or, if such day is not a Business Day, the following Business Day) by the Conversion Agent shall be the “Conversion Date” and shall be deemed to be the date on which Conversion Rights have been exercised. Copies of the Conversion Notice can be obtained during normal business hours at the registered office of the Conversion Agent. Shares to be delivered following an exercise of Conversion Rights will be delivered as provided in Section 5.3(c). Once delivered to the Conversion Agent, a Conversion Notice will be irrevocable unless an Event of Default shall have occurred and is continuing on the Delivery Date, in which case the relevant Bondholders shall be entitled to revoke the relevant Conversion Notice by giving notice to the Conversion Agent.

 

(b) Write-down of Global Bond Certificate

 

If the Bondholder is a Central Securities Depository (as defined below) and the certificate evidencing the Bonds being converted is the Global Bond Certificate, the Bondholder must certify to the Conversion Agent that the principal amount of such global certificate will be written down upon the conversion to reflect such conversion as provided in the Agency Agreement.

 

(c) Surrender of Bond Certificates

 

Any other Bondholder must surrender any certificate evidencing the Bonds being converted to the Conversion Agent on or before the Conversion Date.

 

5.3 Delivery of Shares

 

(a) Delivery of Shares

 

Where Conversion Rights shall have been exercised by a Bondholder, the Issuer shall deliver to the relevant Bondholder such number of Shares equal to the Reference Shares in respect of such exercise, thereby satisfying by way of set off the obligation to pay up the issue price of the Shares (which issue price shall be equal to the principal amount of the Bonds to be converted).

 

(b) Fractions

 

Fractions of Shares will not be issued or transferred and delivered and no cash payment or other adjustment will be made in lieu thereof.

 

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If a Conversion Right in respect of more than one Bond is exercised at any one time such that Shares to be issued or transferred and delivered in respect of such exercise are to be delivered to the same person, the number of Shares to be issued or transferred and delivered in respect thereof shall be calculated by the Calculation Agent on the basis of the aggregate principal amount of such Bonds, and rounded down to the nearest whole number of Shares in accordance with, and subject to, the definition of Reference Shares.

 

(c) Procedures for Delivery of Shares

 

Following the exercise of Conversion Rights by a Bondholder, the Issuer shall deliver, or procure the delivery, to the relevant Bondholder the Reference Shares (if any) on the relevant Delivery Date by crediting the account with the financial institution specified by the Bondholder in the relevant Conversion Notice with the Reference Shares, for so long as Euronext Amsterdam is the Relevant Exchange. If Euronext Amsterdam is not the Relevant Exchange, then delivery of the Reference Shares following the exercise of Conversion Rights shall be made in such manner and through such clearing system or depositary or other arrangement or facility as may be customary at the relevant time for delivery and settlement of transactions in the Shares on the Relevant Exchange at such time, as may be notified by the Issuer to the Bondholders.

 

All Shares delivered to Bondholders on exercise of Conversion Rights will be fully paid and non-assessable on the relevant Delivery Date. In these Conditions, “non-assessable” (which term has no equivalent in Dutch) means that neither the Issuer nor any other Person has any right to require the holder of a Share to pay to the Issuer or any other Person any additional or further amount solely as a result of its holding of such Share.

 

Delivery Date” means, in respect of any exercise of Conversion Rights, the date on which the relevant Reference Shares are issued or transferred and delivered to the relevant Bondholder, which shall be no later than the date falling five Trading Days following the relevant Conversion Date (or, in the case of Additional Shares, no later than the date falling five Trading Days following the relevant Reference Date).

 

(d) Settlement Disruption Event

 

If a Settlement Disruption Event occurs between the Conversion Date and the Delivery Date, and delivery of any Shares cannot be effected on the Delivery Date, then solely for purposes of this Section 5.3 the Delivery Date will be postponed until the first succeeding calendar day on which delivery of the Shares can take place through a national or international settlement system or in any other commercially reasonable manner.

 

(e) No Payment or Adjustment for Accrued Dividends

 

Shares made available to Bondholders on exercise of their Conversion Rights will rank pari passu in all respects with the fully paid Shares in issue on the relevant Delivery Date, except that Bondholders will not be entitled to receive any dividend or other distribution declared payable to holders of Shares by reference to a record date falling prior to the Delivery Date. No interest or other amount or adjustment will be paid or made in respect of any such dividend or dividends.

 

(f) Ranking

 

Where a Bondholder shall have exercised its Conversion Rights, the relevant Bondholder shall be entitled to all dividends, distributions and other entitlements determined by reference to a record date on or after the relevant Delivery Date.

 

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5.4 Adjustment of Conversion Price

 

(a) Non-Merger Events

 

The Conversion Price will be adjusted by (unless otherwise specified) the Calculation Agent as follows under the following circumstances (each, an “Adjustment Event”):

 

(i) Stock Split or Consolidation

 

If there shall have occurred a subdivision or consolidation of the Shares (except for a Merger Event) into a greater or lesser number of Shares, the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the date on which such event occurred by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 1 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(ii) Granting of Rights or Warrants for Shares

 

If the Issuer grants or causes to be granted a right, warrant or other security to existing holders of Shares as a class giving them the right to purchase or subscribe for additional Shares, (for the avoidance of doubt, other than constituting a Cash or Stock Dividend), the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the Ex-Date of such grant (or, if later, as of the first date on which the adjusted Conversion Price is capable of being determined in accordance with these Conditions) by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 2 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(iii) Sale of Shares at a Substantial Discount

 

If the Issuer issues Shares for no consideration or sells Shares for cash, or causes Shares to be sold for cash, for a price that is less than 95 per cent. of the Current Market Price for the Shares on the date of first public announcement of the terms of such sale (other than in the circumstances the subject of Section 5.4(a)(ii) or 5.4(a)(iv)), the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the date of issuance of the Shares by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 3 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(iv) Free Distributions of Shares

 

If the Issuer makes or causes to be made a free distribution of Shares by way of capitalisation of profits or reserves to existing holders of Shares as a class (other than constituting a Cash or Stock Dividend), the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the Ex-Date of such distribution by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 1 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(v) Free Distribution of an Equity-Linked Security

 

If the Issuer makes or causes to be made a free distribution or dividend of securities that are convertible, exchangeable or otherwise exercisable into the Shares to existing holders of Shares as a class (other than in the circumstances the subject of Section 5.4(a)(ii)), the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the Ex-Date of such free distribution or dividend (or, if later, as of the first date on which the adjusted Conversion Price is capable of being determined in accordance with these Conditions) by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 2 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(vi) Granting of Rights or Warrants for an Equity-Linked Security

 

If the Issuer grants or causes to be granted a right, warrant or other security to existing holders of Shares as a class giving them the right to purchase or subscribe for securities that are convertible, exchangeable or otherwise exercisable into the Shares, (other than in the circumstances the subject of Section 5.4(a)(v)) the Conversion Price will be

 

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adjusted as of the Ex-Date of such grant (or, if later, as of the first date on which the adjusted Conversion Price is capable of being determined in accordance with these Conditions) by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 2 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(vii) Issuance of Equity-Linked Securities at a Substantial Discount

 

If the Issuer issues for no consideration or issues and sells for cash, or causes to be issued and sold for cash, securities that are convertible, exchangeable or otherwise exercisable into, or grants rights or options to purchase or subscribe, Shares (other than in the circumstances the subject of Section 5.4(a)(v) or Section 5.4(a)(vi)) and the price per equity-linked security (determined on a per Share basis by reference to the initial conversion or exchange price or ratio) together with any other consideration received or receivable by the Issuer in respect of such equity-linked security (determined on a per Share basis as aforesaid) is less than 95 per cent. of the Current Market Price for the Shares on the date of first public announcement of the terms of such newly issued equity-linked securities, the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the date of issuance of such equity-linked security by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 3 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(viii) Granting of Rights or Warrants for other Property

 

If the Issuer grants a right, warrant or other security giving the right to purchase at less than Fair Market Value (determined as at the Ex-Date of such grant), any other property (not covered by another Section of this Section 5.4(a)) to existing holders of Shares, the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the Ex-Date of such grant (or, if later, as of the first date on which the adjusted Conversion Price is capable of being determined in accordance with these Conditions) by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 2 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(ix) Cash or Stock Dividend

 

If a Cash or Stock Dividend is paid or made on the Shares, where the Ex-Date in respect of such Cash or Stock Dividend falls on or after the Closing Date, then the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the Ex-Date of such Cash or Stock Dividend (or, if later, as of the first date on which the adjusted Conversion Price is capable of being determined in accordance with these Conditions), by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by Formula 5 in Section 5.4(b) below.

 

(x) Spin-off or Subdivision of Shares into Classes

 

If the Issuer distributes, or causes to be distributed, to existing holders of Shares (a “Spin-off Event”) equity securities of any entity other than the Issuer (the “Spin-off Securities”), or subdivides (a “Reclassification”) the Shares into two or more separately quoted classes of equity securities (such new classes of equity securities, the “Reclassified Securities”), then one of the following adjustments will be made (as appropriate and subject as provided therein), as selected by the Issuer (in consultation with an Independent Financial Adviser) from among the options applicable to such event, effective as of the Ex-Date of any Spin-off Event or as of the effective date of any Reclassification (or, if later, as of the first date on which the adjusted Conversion Price or other applicable adjustment pursuant to this Section 5.4(a)(x) is capable of being determined in accordance with these Conditions):

 

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(1) in the case of a Spin-off Event or a Reclassification where the Spin-off Securities or Reclassified Securities, as the case may be, are publicly traded on a Recognised Exchange, the Shares shall thereafter comprise the securities comprising either the Shares immediately prior to such adjustment together with the Spin-off Securities (in the case of a Spin-off Event) or the Reclassified Securities (in the case of a Reclassification), in either case in the same amount as the Bondholder would have been entitled to receive had he converted the Bonds into Shares immediately prior to the record date of such Spin-off Event or the effective date of such Reclassification;

 

(2) in the case of a Spin-off Event, the Conversion Price will be adjusted by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by the fraction expressed by Formula 2 in Section 5.4(b) below;

 

(3) in the case of a Spin-off Event, where the Spin-off Securities are publicly traded on a Recognised Exchange, within five Trading Days after the Ex-Date of the Spin-off Event, the Issuer will deliver the Spin-off Securities to each Bondholder in the same amount as the Bondholder would have been entitled to receive had he converted the Bonds into Shares immediately prior to the record date of such Spin-off Event or the effective date of such Reclassification; or

 

(4) in the case of a Spin-off Event, where the Spin-off Securities are publicly traded on a Recognised Exchange, within five Trading Days after the Ex-Date of the Spin-off Event, the Issuer will pay to each Bondholder an amount in cash in euros (rounded to the nearest €0.01, with €0.005 rounded upwards) equal to the number of such Spin-off Securities as such Bondholder would have been entitled to receive had he converted the Bonds into Shares immediately prior to the record date of such Spin-off Event multiplied by the Fair Market Value of the Spin-off Securities on a per Share basis.

 

If the Issuer selects option (1):

 

(y) in the case of a Spin-off Event, each Bond will thereafter be convertible into the Shares and the relevant Spin-off Securities (in the amount determined as provided in option (1) subject to adjustment mutatis mutandis as provided in these Conditions and for such purposes the initial Conversion Price in respect of such Spin-off Securities upon the relevant Spin-off Event shall be calculated by dividing the principal amount of each Bond by the number of Spin-off Securities the holder of such Bond would have been entitled to receive had he converted the Bonds into Shares immediately prior to the record date of such Spin-off Event).

 

No adjustment shall be made to the Conversion Price in respect of the Shares as a result of such Spin-off Event.

 

(z) in the case of a Reclassification, the Bonds will thereafter be convertible into each class of the Reclassified Securities (in each case in the amount determined as provided in option (1) subject to adjustment mutatis mutandis as provided in these Conditions) and for such purposes the initial Conversion Price in respect of each class of Reclassified Securities upon the Reclassification shall be calculated by

 

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dividing the principal amount of each Bond by the number of such Reclassified Securities as the holder of such Bond would have been entitled to receive had he converted the Bonds into Shares immediately prior to the effective date of such Reclassification. If the Issuer shall select option (3) or (4) the Bonds will continue to be convertible into Shares as provided in these Conditions and no adjustment shall be made to the Conversion Price as a result of the relevant Spin-off Event.

 

(xi) Share Buybacks by means of a Tender or Exchange Offer above Market

 

If the Issuer or any of its Subsidiaries commences a tender or exchange offer for the Shares and the Fair Market Value of the cash and other consideration offered per Share (determined as at the Expiration Time) exceeds the value of “P” in Formula 4 in Section 5.4(b) below, the Conversion Price will be adjusted as of the Trading Day immediately following the Expiration Time (as defined below) (or, if later, as of the first date on which the adjusted Conversion Price is capable of being determined in accordance with these Conditions) by multiplying the Conversion Price then in effect by the fraction expressed by Formula 4 in Section 5.4(b) below. For the avoidance of doubt, this clause does not apply to on-market buybacks by the Issuer other than by means of a tender or exchange offer (such as on-market buybacks that are part of a buyback programme).

 

(b) Adjustment Formulae

 

The formulae to be applied in Section 5.4(a) above to adjust the Conversion Price are as follows:

 

Formula 1 (Sections 5.4(a)(i) and 5.4(a)(iv) above):

 

X

Y

 

where:

 

X = the number of Shares outstanding immediately prior to the occurrence of such event.

 

Y = the number of Shares outstanding immediately after the occurrence of such event.

 

Formula 2 (Sections 5.4(a)(ii), 5.4(a)(v), 5.4(a)(vi), 5.4(a)(viii) and 5.4(a)(x)(2) above):

 

P - d

P

 

where:

 

P = the Current Market Price on the first day on which the Shares are traded on the Relevant Exchange ex the relevant distribution, dividend, rights, warrants or other securities or other property.

 

d = the Fair Market Value per Share of the distribution, dividend, rights, warrants or securities or other property the subject of the relevant grant, as the case may be, such Fair Market Value as aforesaid being determined as at the first day on which the Shares are traded on the Relevant Exchange ex such distribution, dividend, rights, warrants or other securities or other property.

 

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Formula 3 (Sections 5.4(a)(iii) and 5.4(a)(vii) above):

 

X + (Z x c/P)

X + Z

 

where:

 

X = the number of Shares outstanding immediately prior to the date of first public announcement of the terms of the relevant issue or sale.

 

P = the Current Market Price on the date of first public announcement of the terms of the relevant issue or sale.

 

Z = the number of (i) Shares to be sold or (ii) Shares into which such other securities to be sold or issued are convertible, exchangeable or otherwise exercisable.

 

c = the Fair Market Value (determined as of the date of such first public announcement) of (i) the sale price per security of the Shares to be sold or (ii) the sale price of the securities to be sold or issued that are convertible, exchangeable or otherwise exercisable into the Shares, together with the Fair Market Value (determined as of the date of such first public announcement) of any other consideration received or receivable in respect of such securities, in each case determined on a per Share basis by reference to the initial issue, sale, conversion or exchange price or ratio, as the case may be (and in any such case if the relevant Shares or securities are issued for no consideration, the sale price shall be zero).

 

Formula 4 (Section 5.4(a)(xi) above):

 

     N1 x P     

A + (N2 x P)

 

where:

 

N1 = the number of Shares outstanding at the latest time (the “Expiration Time”) tenders or exchanges may be made pursuant to such tender or exchange offer (as it shall have been amended), inclusive of all Shares validly tendered or exchanged and not withdrawn as of the Expiration Time (the “Purchased Shares”).

 

N2 = the number of Shares outstanding at the Expiration Time, exclusive of any Purchased Shares.

 

P = the Current Market Price of the Shares on the date of first public announcement of the terms of the tender or exchange offer.

 

A = the Fair Market Value (determined as at the Expiration Time) of the aggregate consideration payable to holders of Shares based on the acceptance (up to any maximum specified in the terms of the tender or exchange offer) of the Purchased Shares.

 

Formula 5 (Section 5.4(a)(ix) above):

 

P – d

P

 

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P = the Current Market Price of the Shares on the Ex-Date in respect of the relevant Cash or Stock Dividend.

 

d = the Fair Market Value of the relevant Cash or Stock Dividend per Share as at the Ex-Date of such Cash or Stock Dividend.

 

(c) Change of Control

 

If a Change of Control occurs, the Conversion Price (the “Change of Control Conversion Price”) in respect of any Bonds in respect of which Conversion Rights are exercised and the Conversion Date falls during the Change of Control Period, will be determined as set out below:

 

COCCP = OCP/(1+ (CP x c/t))

 

where:

 

COCCP = means the Change of Control Conversion Price

 

OCP = means the Conversion Price in effect on the relevant Conversion Date

 

CP = means 55 per cent.

 

c = means the number of days from and including the date the Change of Control occurs to but excluding the Maturity Date

 

t = means the number of days from and including the Closing Date to but excluding the Maturity Date

 

(d) Merger Events

 

If, in respect of a Merger Event, the consideration for the Shares consists (or, at the option of the holder of the Shares, may consist) of New Securities, Other Consideration or Combined Consideration, then on or after the Merger Date each Bond shall be convertible into the number of New Securities, the amount of Other Consideration or the amount of Combined Consideration, as the case may be, to which a holder of the number of Shares which would have been required to be delivered had such Bond been converted immediately prior to the Merger Event would be entitled upon consummation of the Merger Event. Where pursuant to the foregoing the Bonds will be convertible into property including or comprising New Securities, the initial Conversion Price in respect of such New Securities shall be calculated by dividing the principal amount of each Bond by the number of such New Securities (determined as provided above), all as determined by an Independent Financial Adviser.

 

(e) Other Adjustments

 

No adjustment to the Conversion Price will be required other than those specified above. However, if the Issuer (following consultation with the Calculation Agent) determines in good faith that an adjustment should be made to the Conversion Price (or that a determination should be made as to whether an adjustment should be made) as a result of one or more events or circumstances not referred to above in this Section 5.4 (even if the relevant events or circumstances are specifically excluded from the operation of any or all of Sections 5.4(a) and 5.4(c) above), the Issuer shall, at its own expense and acting reasonably, in consultation with the Calculation Agent, request an Independent Financial Adviser to determine as soon as practicable what adjustment (if any) to the Conversion Price is fair and reasonable to take account of such events or circumstances and the date on which such adjustment should take

 

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effect. Upon such determination, such adjustment (if any) shall be made and shall take effect in accordance with such determination.

 

(f) Procedures

 

Except as otherwise provided, the Calculation Agent (or, to the extent so specified in these Conditions, an Independent Financial Adviser) will make all adjustments to the Conversion Price pursuant to Sections 5.4(a), 5.4(c), 5.4(d) and 5.4(e) above, and its calculation shall be binding on all parties except in the event of bad faith or manifest or proven error.

 

The Calculation Agent shall act solely as agent of the Issuer and will not thereby assume any obligation towards, or relationship of agency or trust with, and shall not incur any liability in respect of anything done or omitted to be done when acting in such calculation agency capacity as against the Trustee or the Bondholders, and the Calculation Agent shall not be required or be under any duty to monitor whether any event or other circumstance shall have occurred that would give rise to an adjustment to the Conversion Price.

 

The Calculation Agent may consult, at the expense of the Issuer, on any matter (including but not limited to, any legal matter), any legal or other professional adviser and it shall be able to rely upon, and it shall not be liable and shall incur no liability as against the Trustee or the Bondholders in respect of anything done, or omitted to be done, relating to that matter in good faith in accordance with, that adviser’s opinion.

 

Any Independent Financial Adviser appointed pursuant to these Conditions will not assume any obligation towards or relationship of agency or trust with, and shall not be liable and shall incur no liability in respect of anything done, or omitted to be done in good faith, in accordance with these Conditions as against the Trustee or the Bondholders.

 

All references in the foregoing provisions to the number of Shares outstanding shall exclude Shares held by or on behalf of the Issuer or any Subsidiary.

 

None of the foregoing adjustment provisions shall apply to any bona fide plan for the benefit of employees, directors or consultants of the Issuer or any of its Subsidiaries now or hereafter in effect.

 

The Conversion Price resulting from any adjustment provided for in Section 5.4(a), 5.4(c) or 5.4(e) above will be rounded down to the nearest €0.0001, subject to Section 5.4(g).

 

(g) De Minimis Exception

 

No adjustment to the Conversion Price pursuant to Sections 5.4(a), 5.4(c) and 5.4(e) above will be made if the adjustment would result in a change in the Conversion Price of less than 1 per cent. of the then prevailing Conversion Price, provided that any adjustment that would otherwise be required to be made and any amount by which the Conversion Price has been rounded down pursuant to Section 5.4(f) above will be carried forward and taken into account in any subsequent adjustment.

 

(h) Notice

 

The Issuer shall give notice to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, the Trustee and the Bondholders in accordance with Section 15.7 of any change (or, at the Issuer’s discretion, any prospective change) to the Conversion Price as soon as reasonably practicable following such change (or, if the notice is given in respect of a prospective change, at such time as the Issuer shall determine).

 

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(i) No Adjustment

 

No adjustment will be made to the Conversion Price pursuant to this Section 5.4 where Shares or other securities (including rights, warrants and options) are issued, offered, exercised, allotted, purchased, appropriated, modified or granted to, or for the benefit of, employees or former employees (including directors holding or formerly holding executive office or non-executive office or the personal service company of any such person) or their spouses or relatives, in each case, of the Issuer or any of its Subsidiaries or any associated company or to a trustee or trustees to be held for the benefit of any such person, in any such case pursuant to any share or option scheme or pursuant to any dividend reinvestment plan or similar plan or scheme.

 

For the avoidance of doubt, other than an adjustment to the Conversion Price in respect of a consolidation of Shares pursuant to Section 5.4(a)(i), no adjustment to the Conversion Price shall result in an increase thereof.

 

The Conversion Price shall not in any event be reduced to below the nominal value of the Shares or any minimum value permitted by applicable laws or regulations or be reduced so that on conversion of the Bonds, Shares would fall to be issued in circumstances not permitted by applicable laws or regulations. The Issuer undertakes that it shall not take any action, and shall procure that no action is taken, that would otherwise result in an adjustment to the Conversion Price to below such nominal value or any minimum level permitted by applicable laws or regulations or that would otherwise result in Shares that would be required to be issued or transferred and delivered in circumstances not being permitted by applicable laws or regulations.

 

(j) Retroactive Adjustment

 

If a Retroactive Adjustment occurs in relation to any exercise of Conversion Rights, the Issuer shall procure that there shall be issued or transferred and delivered to the relevant Bondholder, in accordance with the instructions contained in the relevant Conversion Notice, such additional number of Shares (if any) (the “Additional Shares”) as, together with the Shares issued or transferred and delivered on the relevant exercise of Conversion Rights, is equal to the number of Shares which would have been required to be issued or transferred and delivered on such exercise if the relevant adjustment to the Conversion Price had been made and become effective immediately prior to the relevant Conversion Date, all as determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent or an Independent Financial Adviser, provided that if in the case of Section 5.4(a)(i), 5.4(a)(ii), 5.4(a)(iv), 5.4(a)(v), 5.4(a)(vi), 5.4(a)(viii), 5.4(a)(ix) or 5.4(a)(x) the relevant Bondholder shall be entitled to receive the relevant Shares, Cash or Stock Dividends or Securities in respect of the Shares to be issued or transferred and delivered to it, then no such Retroactive Adjustment shall be made in relation to the relevant event and the relevant Bondholder shall not be entitled to receive Additional Shares in relation thereto.

 

5.5 Stamp, Transfer, Registration or other Taxes or Duties

 

The Issuer shall pay all capital, stamp, issue, registration, transfer and other taxes or duties imposed by The Netherlands, or any jurisdiction in which the Issuer may be domiciled or resident or to whose taxing jurisdiction the Issuer may generally be subject or the jurisdiction where the Relevant Exchange is located, payable upon delivery of Shares on exercise of Conversion Rights (“Specified Taxes”). If the Issuer shall fail to pay any Specified Taxes, the relevant Bondholder shall be entitled to tender and pay the same and the Issuer as a separate and independent stipulation, covenants to reimburse and indemnify each Bondholder in respect of any payment thereof and any penalties payable in respect thereof.

 

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A Bondholder exercising Conversion Rights must pay directly to the relevant authorities any capital, stamp, issue, registration, transfer and other taxes or duties arising on the exercise of such Conversion Rights, other than any Specified Taxes. A Bondholder must also pay all, if any, taxes imposed on it and arising by reference to any disposal or deemed disposal by it of a Bond or interest therein in connection with the exercise of Conversion Rights by it.

 

Any duties or taxes payable by a Bondholder pursuant to this Section 5.5 in the jurisdiction of the Conversion Agent with whom the relevant Conversion Notice is deposited shall be required to be paid to such Conversion Agent as a condition precedent to conversion. None of the Issuer, the Trustee or any Agent will impose any charge upon the exercise of Conversion Rights.

 

5.6 Repurchase of Bonds

 

The Issuer and any Subsidiary may at any time purchase Bonds at any price in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions, provided that such purchases are in compliance with applicable law and stock exchange regulations. All Bonds which are so purchased will forthwith be cancelled and may not be reissued or resold, and the principal amount of the Global Bond Certificate will be reduced.

 

6 Withholding Taxes

 

All payments of principal, interest and other amounts made by the Issuer in respect of the Bonds will be made without deduction or withholding for, or on account of, any present or future taxes, duties, assessments or governmental charges of whatever nature imposed or levied, collected, withheld or assessed by or on behalf of any Taxing Jurisdiction, unless the withholding or deduction of such taxes, duties, assessments or governmental charges is required by law or regulation or by the official interpretation thereof. If any corporation assumes the Issuer’s rights and obligations under the Bonds, the term “Taxing Jurisdiction” will include each jurisdiction in which such corporation is resident for tax purposes from the time it assumes the Issuer’s rights and obligations.

 

In the event that any such withholding or deduction is required to be made, the Issuer will pay such additional amounts as will result in the receipt by the Bondholders of the amounts which would otherwise have been receivable had no such withholding or deduction been required, except that no such additional amount shall be payable in respect of interest on any Bond to a Bondholder (or to a third party on behalf of a Bondholder) who is subject to such taxes, duties, assessments or governmental charges in respect of such Bond by reason of its having some connection with such Taxing Jurisdiction otherwise than merely by holding the Bond or by the receipt of amounts in respect of the Bond.

 

References in these Conditions to principal and/or interest and/or any other amounts payable in respect of the Bonds shall be deemed also to refer to any additional amounts which may be payable under this Section 6 or any undertaking or covenant given in addition thereto or in substitution therefor pursuant to the Trust Deed.

 

The provisions of this Section 6 shall not apply in respect of any payments of interest which fall due after the relevant Tax Redemption Date in respect of any Bonds which are the subject of a Bondholder election pursuant to Section 4.2.

 

7 Covenants

 

So long as any Bond remains outstanding, save with the approval of an Extraordinary Resolution or with the prior written approval of the Trustee where, in its opinion, it is not materially prejudicial to the interests of the Bondholders to give such approval:

 

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(a) Covenant not to Merge, Consolidate, Amalgamate, Sell, Lease or Transfer Assets under Certain Conditions: The Issuer will not consolidate or amalgamate with or merge into any other corporation or corporations (other than where the Issuer is the continuing entity), or sell, lease, or transfer all or substantially all its assets, unless (A) the corporation formed by such consolidation or amalgamation, or into which the Issuer shall have been merged, or which shall have acquired such assets upon any such sale, lease or transfer shall have expressly assumed the due and punctual payment of the principal of and interest on all the Bonds and the due and punctual performance and observance of all of the covenants and conditions of the Bonds to be performed or observed by the Issuer and (B) (x) each Bond shall thereafter be convertible into the class and amount of Shares and other securities, property and assets (including cash) receivable upon such consolidation, amalgamation or merger or sale, lease or transfer by a holder of the number of Shares which would have been required to be delivered had such Bond been converted into Shares immediately prior to such consolidation, amalgamation, merger, sale, lease or transfer or (y) if, in the case of any such sale, lease or transfer, no such Shares or other securities, property or assets are receivable by holders of Shares, the Bonds will be convertible into Shares or common stock or the like (comprising equity securities) of the corporation which shall have acquired the relevant assets on such basis and with a Conversion Price (subject to adjustment as provided in these Conditions) as determined in good faith by an Independent Financial Adviser. For the purposes thereof, the Issuer shall execute and deliver to each of the Agents a supplement to the Agency Agreement satisfactory to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent. Such supplement will provide for adjustments which will be as nearly equivalent as may be practicable to the adjustments provided for in these Conditions. The provisions of this Section 7(a) will apply in the same way to any subsequent consolidation, amalgamation, merger, sale, lease or transfer. In case of any such consolidation, amalgamation, merger, sale, lease or transfer, and following such an assumption by the successor corporation, such successor corporation will succeed to and be substituted for the Issuer with the same effect as if it had been named herein. In the event of any such consolidation, amalgamation, merger, sale, lease or transfer, following such an assumption by the successor corporation, the Issuer will be discharged from all obligations and covenants under the Bonds and the Agency Agreement and may be liquidated and dissolved.

 

(b) Reservation of Share Capital: The Issuer undertakes that it will at all times maintain treasury shares or authorised share capital, free of pre-emption rights sufficient in aggregate for the issuance of Shares that would be required to be delivered to Bondholders on exercise of Conversion Rights in respect of all outstanding Bonds from time to time.

 

(c) Listing of Shares: The Issuer undertakes to use all reasonable endeavours to ensure that the Shares issued upon exercise of the Conversion Rights will be admitted to listing and trading on the Relevant Exchange and will be listed, quoted or dealt in on any other stock exchange or securities market on which the Shares may then be listed or quoted or dealt in (which, for the avoidance of doubt, shall not including any other stock exchange or securities market on which American depository receipts relating to the Shares may then be listed or quoted or dealt in).

 

(d) Listing of Bonds: The Issuer undertakes to use its reasonable endeavours to cause the Bonds to be admitted to trading on the Open Market (Freiverkehr) of the Frankfurt Stock Exchange or another EEA or United Kingdom stock exchange or trading platform (the “Admission”) no later than 11 March 2021 and use its reasonable endeavours to maintain such Admission for so long as any of the Bonds remain outstanding.

 

(e) Terms and Conditions: The Issuer undertakes that by no later than the Closing Date it will (i) publish a copy of these Conditions (including a legend regarding the intended target market for the Bonds) on its website and (ii) thereafter (and for so long as any of the Bonds remain outstanding) maintain the availability of these Conditions (as the same may be amended in accordance with their terms) on such website.

 

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(f) Independent Financial Adviser: The Issuer undertakes, whenever a function expressed in these Conditions to be performed by an Independent Financial Adviser falls to be performed, to appoint and (for so long as such function is required to be performed) maintain an Independent Financial Adviser.

 

8 Events of Default

 

If any of the following events (each an “Event of Default”) occurs and is continuing, the Trustee at its discretion may, and if so requested by a meeting of Bondholders shall, give notice to the Issuer at its registered office that the Bonds are, and they shall accordingly immediately become, due and repayable at their Redemption Price together with accrued interest (if any) to the date of payment:

 

(a) Payment Default: the Issuer fails to pay the principal of or interest on or any other amount in respect of any Bonds when the same becomes due and payable and such failure continues for a period of 10 days; or

 

(b) Conversion: there is a failure to issue or transfer and deliver Shares upon exercise of Conversion Rights when the same is required to be delivered or otherwise a failure to duly and punctually comply with any of the Issuer’s obligations in respect of the exercise of Conversion Rights and such default continues for a period of seven days; or

 

(c) Breach of Agreement: a default in the observance or performance of any other covenant or agreement contained in these Conditions or the Trust Deed which default continues for a period of 30 days after the Issuer receives written notice specifying the default (and demanding that such default be remedied) from the Trustee; or

 

(d) Cross-Default: (i) any other present or future indebtedness of the Issuer or any of its Material Subsidiaries for or in respect of moneys borrowed or raised becomes (or becomes capable of being declared) due and payable prior to its stated maturity by reason of any actual or potential default, event of default or the like (howsoever described), or (ii) any such indebtedness is not paid when due or, as the case may be, within any originally applicable grace period, or (iii) the Issuer or any of its Material Subsidiaries fails to pay when due any amount payable by it under any present or future guarantee for, or indemnity in respect of, any moneys borrowed or raised provided that the aggregate amount of the relevant indebtedness, guarantees and indemnities in respect of which one or more of the events mentioned above in this Section 8(d) have occurred equals or exceeds €25,000,000 or its equivalent (as reasonably determined by the Trustee); or

 

(e) Insolvency:

 

(i) the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary:

 

(A) is unable or admits inability to pay its debts generally as they fall due;

 

(B) suspends making payments on any of its debts generally; or

 

(C) by reason of actual or anticipated financial difficulties, commences negotiations with one or more of its creditors with a view to rescheduling all or a material part of its indebtedness.

 

(ii) a moratorium is declared in respect of any indebtedness of the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary; or

 

(f) Insolvency Proceedings:

 

(i) the suspension of payments, a moratorium of any indebtedness, winding-up, dissolution, administration or reorganisation (by way of voluntary arrangement, scheme of arrangement or

 

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otherwise) of the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary other than a solvent liquidation or reorganisation of any Material Subsidiary (other than the Issuer);

 

(ii) a composition, compromise, assignment or arrangement with any creditor of the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary;

 

(iii) the appointment of a liquidator (other than in respect of a solvent liquidation of any Material Subsidiary), receiver, administrative receiver, administrator, compulsory manager or other similar officer in respect of the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary or any of its assets, which, in the case of an involuntary case or proceeding, remains unstayed and in effect for a period of 90 consecutive days; or

 

(iv) any analogous procedure or step to those described in (i) to (iii) above is taken in any jurisdiction; or

 

This paragraph (f) shall not apply to any winding-up petition which is frivolous or vexatious and is discharged, stayed or dismissed within 30 days of commencement.

 

(g) Creditors’ Process: any expropriation, attachment, sequestration, distress or execution affects any material part of the asset or assets of the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary provided that it shall not be an Event of Default under this paragraph (g) if the relevant expropriation, attachment, sequestration, distress or execution is released or discharged within, in respect of an interlocutory attachment (conservatoir beslag), 30 days and, in respect of any other attachment, 14 days; or

 

(h) Analogous Proceedings: there occurs, in relation to any Material Subsidiary, in any jurisdiction to which it or any of its assets are subject, any event which reasonably corresponds with any of those mentioned in Section 8(e) to 8(g) above; or

 

(i) Illegality: it is or will become unlawful for the Issuer to perform or comply with any one or more of its obligations under any of the Bonds or the Trust Deed; or

 

(j) Cessation of Business: the Issuer or any Material Subsidiary ceases (or threatens to cease) to carry on all or a substantial part of its business.

 

9 Meetings of Bondholders, Modification and Waiver

 

9.1 Meetings of Bondholders

 

The Trust Deed contains provisions for convening meetings of Bondholders to consider matters affecting their interests, including the sanctioning by Extraordinary Resolution of a modification of any of these Conditions or any provisions of the Trust Deed. Such a meeting may be convened by the Issuer or the Trustee and shall be convened by the Issuer if requested in writing by Bondholders holding not less than 10 per cent. in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding. The quorum for any meeting convened to consider an Extraordinary Resolution will be one or more persons holding or representing a clear majority in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding, or at any adjourned meeting one or more persons being or representing Bondholders whatever the principal amount of the Bonds so held or represented, unless the business of such meeting includes consideration of proposals, inter alia, (i) to change the Maturity Date or the dates on which interest is payable in respect of the Bonds, (ii) to modify the circumstances in which the Issuer or Bondholders are entitled to redeem the Bonds pursuant to Section 4.1, 4.2 or 4.3 (other than removing the right of the Issuer to redeem the Bonds pursuant to Section 4.1 or 4.2), (iii) to reduce or cancel the principal amount of, or interest on, the Bonds or to reduce the amount payable on redemption of the Bonds, (iv) to modify the basis for calculating the interest payable in respect of the Bonds, (v) to modify the provisions relating to, or cancel, Conversion Rights or the rights of Bondholders to receive Shares on exercise of Conversion Rights pursuant to these Conditions (other

 

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than a reduction to the Conversion Price), (vi) to increase the Conversion Price (other than in accordance with these Conditions), (vii) to change the currency of the denomination of the Bonds or of any payment in respect of the Bonds, (viii) to change the governing law of the Bonds, the Trust Deed or the Agency Agreement, or (ix) to modify the provisions concerning the quorum required at any meeting of Bondholders or the majority required to pass an Extraordinary Resolution, in which case the necessary quorum will be one or more persons holding or representing not less than two-thirds, or at any adjourned meeting not less than one-half, in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding. Any Extraordinary Resolution duly passed by the Bondholders shall be binding on all Bondholders (whether or not they were present at any meeting at which such resolution was passed and whether or not they voted on such resolution).

 

The Trust Deed provides that (i) a resolution in writing signed by or on behalf of the holders of not less than 75 per cent. of the aggregate principal amount of Bonds outstanding (which may be contained in one document or several documents in the same form, each signed by or on behalf of one or more Bondholders) or (ii) consents given by way of electronic consent through the relevant clearing system(s) (in a form satisfactory to the Trustee) by or on behalf of the holders of not less than 75 per cent. of the aggregate principal amount of the Bonds outstanding, shall, in any such case, be effective as an Extraordinary Resolution passed at a meeting of Bondholders duly convened and held.

 

9.2 Modification and Waiver

 

The Trustee may agree, without the consent of the Bondholders, to (i) any modification of any of the provisions of the Trust Deed, any trust deed supplemental to the Trust Deed, the Agency Agreement, any agreement supplemental to the Agency Agreement, the Bonds or these Conditions which in the Trustee’s opinion is of a formal, minor or technical nature or is made to correct a manifest error or to comply with mandatory provisions of law, and (ii) any other modification to the Trust Deed, any trust deed supplemental to the Trust Deed, the Agency Agreement, any agreement supplemental to the Agency Agreement, the Bonds or these Conditions (except as mentioned in the Trust Deed), and any waiver or authorisation of any breach or proposed breach, of any of the provisions of the Trust Deed, any trust deed supplemental to the Trust Deed, the Agency Agreement, any agreement supplemental to the Agency Agreement, the Bonds or these Conditions which is, in the opinion of the Trustee, not materially prejudicial to the interests of the Bondholders. The Trustee may, without the consent of the Bondholders, determine that any Event of Default should not be treated as such, provided that in the opinion of the Trustee, the interests of Bondholders will not be materially prejudiced thereby. Any such modification, authorisation, waiver or determination shall be binding on the Bondholders and, if the Trustee so requires, shall be notified to the Bondholders promptly in accordance with Section 15.7.

 

9.3 Entitlement of the Trustee

 

In connection with the exercise of its functions (including but not limited to those referred to in this Section 9) the Trustee shall have regard to the interests of the Bondholders as a class but shall not have regard to any interests arising from circumstances particular to individual Bondholders (whatever their number) and, in particular but without limitation, shall not have regard to the consequences of the exercise of its trusts, powers or discretions for individual Bondholders resulting from their being for any purpose domiciled or resident in, or otherwise connected with, or subject to the jurisdiction of, any particular territory, and the Trustee shall not be entitled to require, nor shall any Bondholder be entitled to claim, from the Issuer or any other person any indemnification or payment in respect of any tax consequence of any such exercise upon individual Bondholders, except to the extent provided for in these Conditions or the Trust Deed.

 

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10 Enforcement

 

The Trustee may at any time, at its discretion and without notice, take such proceedings, actions or steps (including lodging an appeal in any proceedings) against the Issuer as it may think fit to enforce the provisions of the Trust Deed and the Bonds, but it shall not be bound to take any such proceedings, actions or steps in relation to the Trust Deed or the Bonds unless (i) it shall have been so directed by an Extraordinary Resolution of the Bondholders or so requested in writing by the holders of at least one-quarter in principal amount of the Bonds then outstanding, and (ii) it shall have been indemnified and/or secured and/or pre-funded to its satisfaction.

 

No Bondholder shall be entitled to (i) take any proceedings, actions or steps against the Issuer to enforce the performance of any of the provisions of the Trust Deed or the Bonds or (ii) take any other proceedings, actions or steps (including lodging an appeal in any proceedings) in respect of or concerning the Issuer, in each case unless the Trustee, having become bound so to take any such proceedings, actions or steps, fails so to do within a reasonable period and the failure shall be continuing.

 

11 The Trustee

 

The Trust Deed contains provisions for the indemnification of the Trustee and for its relief from responsibility, including provisions limiting or excluding its liability in certain circumstances.

 

The Trustee is entitled to enter into business transactions with the Issuer and any entity related to the Issuer without accounting for any profit.

 

The Trust Deed provides that, when determining whether an indemnity or any security or pre-funding is satisfactory to it, the Trustee shall be entitled (i) to evaluate its risk in any given circumstance by considering the worst-case scenario and (ii) to require that any indemnity or security or pre-funding given to it by the Bondholders or any of them be given on a joint and several basis and be supported by evidence satisfactory to it as to the financial standing and creditworthiness of each counterparty and/or as to the value of the security and an opinion as to the capacity, power and authority of each counterparty and/or the validity and effectiveness of the security.

 

The Trustee may rely without liability to Bondholders on a report, confirmation or certificate or any advice of any accountants, financial advisers, financial institution or other expert, whether or not addressed to it and whether their liability in relation thereto is limited (by its terms or by any engagement letter relating thereto entered into by the Trustee or in any other manner) by reference to a monetary cap, methodology or otherwise. The Trustee may accept and shall be entitled to rely on any such report, confirmation or certificate or advice and such report, confirmation or certificate or advice shall be binding on the Issuer, the Trustee and the Bondholders.

 

12 Agents

 

12.1 Agent to the Issuer

 

The Agents and the Calculation Agent, when acting in that capacity, act solely as agents of the Issuer (and, if applicable after an Event of Default has occurred, of the Trustee) and do not assume any obligation towards or relationship of agency or trust for or with any Bondholder or any Person holding an interest in respect of any Bond through an account with a financial intermediary or otherwise.

 

12.2 Appointment and Termination of Agents and the Calculation Agent

 

The Issuer has initially appointed the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, the Registrar, the Conversion Agents and the Calculation Agent for the Bonds as stated above. The Issuer may at any time, with the approval of the Trustee, appoint additional or other Agents or Calculation Agent and terminate the appointment of such Agents or Calculation Agent. Notice of any such termination

 

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or appointment and of any change in the office through which any Agent will act will be promptly given to each Bondholder in the manner described in Section 15.7 hereof.

 

12.3 Duty to Maintain Office

 

As long as the Bonds, including in the event that some but not all Bonds originally issued, are outstanding, the Issuer shall maintain a Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent and a Calculation Agent which shall each be a financial institution of international repute or a financial adviser with appropriate expertise.

 

13 Securities Holding Structure

 

13.1 Form and Custody of Bonds

 

The entire issue of the Bonds will be initially evidenced by a global certificate (the “Global Bond Certificate”) in fully registered form which will be deposited on the Closing Date with and registered in the name of a common depositary or its nominee for Euroclear Bank SA/NV (“Euroclear”) and Clearstream Banking S.A. (“Clearstream, Luxembourg” and together with Euroclear, the “Central Securities Depositories” and each a “Central Securities Depository”).

 

13.2 Multi-Tiered Holding System

 

As long as the Global Bond Certificate is on deposit with the Central Securities Depositories or any of their respective successors, then:

 

(a) any Person wishing to acquire, hold or transfer an interest in respect of the Bonds must do so through an account with a Central Securities Depository or any of their respective successors or another financial intermediary holding an equivalent interest in respect of the Bonds directly or indirectly through a Central Securities Depository or any of its successors;

 

(b) there will be one or more financial intermediaries standing between each such accountholder and the underlying Bonds;

 

(c) the Issuer and the Trustee will have the right to treat the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors or agents as the holders or Persons exclusively entitled to receive interest and other payments or property in respect of or in exchange for the Bonds, including the Shares, and otherwise to exercise all the rights and powers with respect to any Bond;

 

(d) the obligation of the Issuer to make payments of interest and principal (except as provided by a Bondholder pursuant to a Change of Control Put Exercise Notice or Conversion Notice) and other amounts with respect to any Bond shall be discharged at the time payment in the appropriate amount is made in accordance with the Agency Agreement to a Central Securities Depository or its successor or agent;

 

(e) the obligation of the Issuer to deliver Shares upon the exercise by any Bondholder of any Conversion Rights shall be discharged at the time the Shares are delivered to a Central Securities Depository or its successor or agent in accordance with Section 5.3; and

 

(f) any Person that acquires, holds or transfers an interest in respect of any Bond through accounts with a Central Securities Depository or with any other financial intermediary will be subject to the laws and contractual provisions governing such Person’s relationship with its financial intermediary, as well as the laws and contractual provisions governing the relationship between its financial intermediary and each other financial intermediary, if any, standing between such Person and the Global Bond Certificate and the Bonds Register to determine (A) the legal nature of its interest in respect of any Bond and whether such interest is protected against the insolvency of its financial intermediary or any other financial intermediary

 

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standing between such Person and the underlying Bonds and the Bonds Register, (B) whether a Central Securities Depository or its successor, and each other financial intermediary, if any, standing between such Person and the underlying Bonds and the Bonds Register, is required to enforce the payment and other terms of the Bonds against the Issuer or to put its accountholders in a position to do so directly and (C) whether such Person’s financial intermediary and each other financial intermediary, if any, standing between such Person and the underlying Bonds and the Bonds Register is required to pass on to such Person the benefits of ownership of any Bonds.

 

13.3 Right to Obtain Individual Certificates in Exchange for the Global Bond Certificate

 

Except as described in this Section 13.3, the Global Bond Certificate will not be exchangeable for individual certificates each evidencing a single Bond or less than the entire issue of the Bonds. Subject to the foregoing sentence, if (A) a Central Securities Depository or its successor notifies the Issuer that it is unwilling or unable to continue as depository and a successor depository is not appointed within 14 days, (B) an Event of Default shall have occurred and the maturity of the Bonds shall have been accelerated in accordance with these Conditions or (C) the Issuer shall have decided in its sole discretion that the Bonds should no longer be evidenced solely by the Global Bond Certificate, then upon having prepared a deed or deeds with a fixed date, governed by Dutch law, between the relevant Bondholder, the relevant Central Securities Depository and the relevant accountholders of such Central Securities Depository with an interest in such Bonds:

 

(a) the Issuer will promptly and in any event not later than 10 Business Days thereafter cause individual certificates each evidencing a single Bond or such other number of Bonds as specified by the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors to be duly executed, authenticated and delivered to the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors and, registered in the name of the relevant Central Securities Depository or its nominee, against surrender of the Global Bond Certificate by the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors;

 

(b) notwithstanding any other provision of these Conditions or the Agency Agreement, the individual certificates so delivered to the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors may be delivered by them to their respective accountholders in such amounts as shall correspond to the amount of Bonds credited to the accounts of such accountholders on the records of the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors at the time of such delivery and, the Issuer will register the Bonds evidenced by such individual certificates in such names and amounts as the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors shall specify to the Issuer or the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent, which specification shall serve as notification of transfer (mededeling); and

 

(c) if for any reason individual certificates are not issued, authenticated and delivered to the Central Securities Depositories or their respective successors in accordance with Sections 13.3(a) and 13.3(b) above, then:

 

(i) each Central Securities Depository or its respective successor may provide to each of its accountholders a statement of each accountholder’s interest in the Bonds evidenced by the Global Bond Certificate held by such Central Securities Depository or its successor, together with a copy of the Global Bond Certificate; and

 

(ii) notwithstanding any other provision of these Conditions or of the Agency Agreement, each such accountholder or its successors and assigns without prejudice to Section 10 above, (x) shall have a claim, directly against the Issuer, for the payment of any amount due or to become due in respect of such accountholder’s interest in the Bonds evidenced by the Global Bond Certificate, and shall be empowered to bring any claim, to the

 

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extent of such accountholder’s interest in the Bonds evidenced by the Global Bond Certificate and to the exclusion of such Central Securities Depository or its successor, that as a matter of law could be brought by the holder of the Global Bond Certificate and the Person in whose name the Bonds are registered and (y) may, without the consent and to the exclusion of such Central Securities Depository or its successor, file any claim, take any action or institute any proceeding, directly against the Issuer, to compel the payment of such amount or enforce any such rights, as fully as though the interest of such accountholder in the Bonds evidenced by the Global Bond Certificate were evidenced by an individual certificate in such accountholder’s actual possession and as if an amount of Bonds equal to such accountholder’s stated interest were registered in such accountholder’s name and without the need to produce the Global Bond Certificate in its original form. This Section 13.3(c)(ii) constitutes an unconditional and irrevocable third party stipulation (derdenbeding, as used in Section 6:253 of the Dutch Civil Code).

 

For purposes of this Section 13.3, the account records of a Central Securities Depository or its successor will, in the absence of manifest error, be conclusive evidence of the identity of each accountholder that has any interest in the Bonds evidenced by the Global Bond Certificate held by such Central Securities Depository or its successor and the amount of such interest. Individual certificates will be issued in denominations of €100,000 of that amount and, when delivered against surrender of such Global Bond Certificate shall be issued in registered form without coupons.

 

13.4 Direct Holding System

 

Subject to Section 13.2, if the Global Bond Certificate is exchanged for individual certificates each evidencing a single Bond or less than the entire issue of Bonds, then:

 

(a) the Issuer and the Trustee will have the right to treat each Bondholder as the holder and Person exclusively entitled to receive interest and other payments or property in respect of or in exchange for the Bonds, including the Shares, and otherwise to exercise all the rights and powers with respect to any Bond;

 

(b) the obligation of the Issuer to make payments of interest and principal and other amounts with respect to the Bonds shall be discharged at the time payment in the appropriate amount is made in accordance with the Agency Agreement to each Bondholder; and

 

(c) the obligation of the Issuer to deliver Shares upon the exercise by any Bondholder of any Conversion Rights shall be discharged at the time the Shares are delivered to such Bondholder in accordance with Section 5.3.

 

13.5 Lost, Stolen or Mutilated Certificates

 

In case any certificate evidencing one or more Bonds shall become mutilated, defaced or apparently destroyed, lost or stolen, the Issuer may execute, and, upon the request of the Issuer, the Registrar shall authenticate and deliver, a new certificate evidencing such Bonds, bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding, in exchange and substitution for the mutilated or defaced certificate evidencing such Bonds or in lieu of and in substitution for the apparently destroyed, lost or stolen certificate evidencing such Bonds. In every case the applicant for a substitute certificate evidencing such Bonds shall furnish to the Issuer and to the Registrar such security or indemnity as may be required by them to indemnify and defend and to save each of them and any agent of the Issuer or the Registrar harmless and, in every case of destruction, loss or theft, evidence to their satisfaction of the apparent destruction, loss or theft of such certificate evidencing such Bonds and of the ownership thereof. Upon the issuance of any substitute certificate evidencing such Bonds, the Issuer may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed

 

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in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Registrar) connected therewith together with such indemnity or security as is reasonably required by the Issuer and the Registrar.

 

14 Definitions

 

As used herein, the following capitalised terms have the meanings set forth below:

 

Additional Shares” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(j)

 

Agency Agreement” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Agents” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Bondholder” means any Person who is registered as the owner of such Bonds on the Bonds Register.

 

Bonds” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Bonds Register” means the register of the Bonds maintained by the Registrar to register ownership of the Bonds.

 

Business Day” means a calendar day other than a Saturday or a Sunday which in Amsterdam is neither a public holiday nor a calendar day on which banking institutions are closed and, in the case of payments in euro, on which the TARGET System is open and, in the case of surrender of a certificate evidencing a Bond, in the place where such certificate is surrendered.

 

Calculation Agent” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Capital Markets Indebtedness” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.2.

 

cash” includes any promise or undertaking to pay cash or any release or extinguishment of, or set-off against, a liability to pay a cash amount.

 

Cash or Stock Dividend” means (i) any dividend or distribution paid or payable solely in cash on a Share, and (ii) any dividend or distribution which shall be treated to be paid or payable in cash on a Share pursuant to the following provisions:

 

(a) (i) where a dividend or distribution in cash is announced which is to be, or may at the election of a holder or holders of a Share be, satisfied by the issue or delivery of Shares or other property or assets; or

 

(ii) where a capitalisation of profits or reserves is announced which is to be, or may at the election of a holder or holders of a Share be, satisfied by the payment of cash,

 

then the dividend, distribution or capitalisation in question shall be treated as a dividend or distribution in cash of an amount equal to the greater of:

 

(x) the Fair Market Value of such cash amount as at the Ex-Date in relation to such dividend or distribution; and

 

(y) the Current Market Price of such Shares, or, as the case may be, the Fair Market Value of such other property or assets, as at the Ex-Date in relation to such dividend or distribution or capitalisation or, in any such case, if later, the date on which the number of Shares (or amount of such other property or assets, as the case may be) which may be issued or delivered is determined; or

 

(b) where there shall be (other than in the circumstances the subject of paragraph (a) above) any issue of Shares by way of capitalisation of profits or reserves where such issue is expressed to be, or in lieu of, a dividend or distribution in cash (whether or not a cash dividend or distribution equivalent or

 

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amount is announced or would otherwise be payable to holders of the Shares, whether at their election or otherwise), then the issue in question shall be treated as a dividend or distribution in cash of an amount equal to the Current Market Price of such Shares as at the Ex-Date in respect of such dividend or entitlement in relation to such issue or, if later, the date on which the number of Shares to be issued is determined.

 

Central Securities Depositories” has the meaning set forth in Section 13.1.

 

A “Change of Control” shall occur if a person or persons acting together acquires or acquire directly or indirectly (i) more than 50 per cent. of Voting Rights or (ii) the right to appoint and/or remove all or a majority of the members of the management board (raad van bestuur) or supervisory board (raad van commissarissen) of the Issuer.

 

Change of Control Conversion Price” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(c).

 

Change of Control Notice” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.3.

 

Change of Control Period” means the period commencing on the occurrence of a Change of Control and ending 60 calendar days following the Change of Control or, if later, 60 calendar days following the date on which a Change of Control Notice is given to Bondholders as required by Section 4.3.

 

Change of Control Put Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.3.

 

Change of Control Put Exercise Notice” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.3.

 

Closing Date” means 9 February 2021.

 

Closing Price” means, in respect of a Share, Security, Reclassified Security or, as the case may be, a Spin-off Security, option, warrant or other right or asset, on any Trading Day in respect thereof, the closing price of a Share, Security, Reclassified Security, or, as the case may be, a Spin-off Security, option, warrant or other right or asset published by or derived from Bloomberg page HP (setting “Last Price”, or any other successor setting and using values not adjusted for any event occurring after such Trading Day; and for the avoidance of doubt, all values will be determined with all adjustment settings on the DPDF Page, or any successor or similar setting, switched off) in respect of such Share, Security, Reclassified Security, Spin-off Security, options, warrants or other rights or assets and such Relevant Exchange (and for the avoidance of doubt such Bloomberg page for the Shares as at the Closing Date is TKWY NA Equity HP) if any, or, in any other case, such other pricing source (if any) as shall be determined to be appropriate by an Independent Financial Adviser on such Trading Day and translated, if not in the Relevant Currency, into the Relevant Currency at the Prevailing Rate on such Trading Day, provided that if on any such Trading Day (for the purpose of this definition, the “Original Date”) such price is not available or cannot otherwise be determined as provided above, the Closing Price of a Share, Security, Reclassified Security, a Spin-off Security, option, warrant or other right or asset, as the case may be, in respect of such Trading Day shall be the Closing Price, determined as provided above, on the immediately preceding such Trading Day on which the same can be so determined, and further provided that if such immediately preceding Trading Day falls prior to the fifth day before the Original Date, an Independent Financial Adviser shall determine the Closing Price in respect of the Original Date in good faith, all as determined by (where specifically provided above) an Independent Financial Adviser or (in any other case) the Calculation Agent.

 

Combined Consideration” means New Securities in combination with Other Consideration.

 

Conditions” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.2.

 

Conversion Agent” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Conversion Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.2.

 

Conversion Notice” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.2.

 

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Conversion Period” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.1.

 

Conversion Price” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.1.

 

Conversion Rights” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.1.

 

Current Market Price” means, in respect of a Share at a particular date, the arithmetic average of the daily Volume Weighted Average Price of a Share on each of the five consecutive Trading Days ending on the Trading Day immediately preceding such date, as determined by the Calculation Agent, provided that:

 

(a) for the purposes of determining the Current Market Price pursuant to Section 5.4(a)(ii) or (iii) (and pursuant to Formulas 2 and 3 when used in the application thereof) in circumstances where the relevant event relates to an issue of Shares, if at any time during the said five Trading Day period (which may be on each of such five Trading Days) the Volume Weighted Average Price shall have been based on a price ex-dividend (or ex- any other entitlement) and/or during some other part of that period (which may be on each of such five Trading Days) the Volume Weighted Average Price shall have been based on a price cum-dividend (or cum- any other entitlement), in any such case which has been declared or announced, then:

 

(i) if the Shares to be so issued do not rank for the dividend (or entitlement) in question, the Volume Weighted Average Price on the dates on which the Shares shall have been based on a price cum-dividend (or cum- any other entitlement) shall for the purpose of this definition be deemed to be the amount thereof reduced by an amount equal to the Fair Market Value of any such dividend or entitlement per Share as at the Ex-Date in respect of such dividend or entitlement (or, where on each of the said five Trading Days the Volume Weighted Average Price shall have been based on a price cum-dividend (or cum-any other entitlement), as at the date of first public announcement of such dividend or entitlement), in any such case, determined by the Calculation Agent on a gross basis and disregarding any withholding or deduction required to be made on account of tax, and disregarding any associated tax credit; or

 

(ii) if the Shares to be so issued or transferred and delivered (if applicable) do rank for the dividend or entitlement in question, the Volume Weighted Average Price on the dates on which the Shares shall have been based on a price ex-dividend (or ex- any other entitlement) shall for the purpose of this definition be deemed to be the amount thereof increased by an amount equal to the Fair Market Value of any such dividend or entitlement per Share as at the Ex-Date in respect of such dividend or entitlement, in any such case, determined by the Calculation Agent on a gross basis and disregarding any withholding or deduction required to be made for or on account of tax, and disregarding any associated tax credit; and

 

(b) if any day during the said five Trading Day period was the Ex-Date in relation to any dividend (or any other entitlement) the Volume Weighted Average Prices that shall have been based on a price cum- such dividend (or cum- such entitlement) shall for the purpose of this definition be deemed to be the amount thereof reduced by an amount equal to the Fair Market Value of any such dividend or entitlement per Share as at the Ex-Date in respect of such dividend or entitlement.

 

Deemed Ex-Date” means in respect of any Adjustment Event (i) the Ex-Date in relation to any Adjustment Event pursuant to Sections 5.4(a)(i), 5.4(a)(ii), 5.4(a)(iv), 5.4(a)(v), 5.4(a)(vi), 5.4(a)(viii), 5.4(a)(ix) or 5.4(a)(x) or (ii) the relevant date of first public announcement as referred to in Sections 5.4(a)(iii) or 5.4(a)(vii) (or the Trading Day immediately following the Expiration Time as referred to in Sections 5.4(a)(xi)) in respect of which an adjustment is required to be made to the Conversion Price pursuant to Sections 5.4(a)(iii) or 5.4(a)(vii) (or, as the case may be, Section 5.4(a)(xi)).

 

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Deemed Record Date” means in respect of any Adjustment Event (i) the record date or other due date for the establishment of entitlement in respect of the relevant Adjustment Event pursuant to Sections 5.4(a)(i), 5.4(a)(ii), 5.4(a)(iv), 5.4(a)(v), 5.4(a)(vi), 5.4(a)(viii), 5.4(a)(ix) or 5.4(a)(x) or (ii) (in respect of any other Adjustment Event) the Deemed Ex-Date in respect thereof.

 

Delivery Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.3(c).

 

Dividend Determination Date” means the record date or other due date for establishment of entitlement in respect of the relevant Cash or Stock Dividend.

 

equity securities” means, in relation to any entity, its issued share capital, excluding any part of that capital which does not carry any right to participate beyond a specified amount in a distribution of dividends or assets.

 

euro” and “€” means the currency introduced at the start of the third stage of the European economic and monetary union pursuant to the Treaty establishing the European Community, as amended.

 

Euronext Amsterdam” means Euronext in Amsterdam, a regulated market of Euronext Amsterdam N.V. or any successor thereof.

 

Event of Default” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.

 

Ex-Date” means, in respect of any Cash or Stock Dividend, other dividend, distribution, entitlement, capitalisation, resignation, reclassification, sub-division, issue, offer, grant or other entitlement, the first date on which the Shares are traded ex- such relevant Cash or Stock Dividend, other dividend, distribution, entitlement, capitalisation, resignation, reclassification, sub-division, issue, offer, grant or other entitlement on the Relevant Exchange (or, in the case of a dividend which is a purchase or redemption of Shares (or, as the case may be, any depositary or other receipts or certificates representing Shares), the date on which such purchase or redemption is made).

 

Expiration Time” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(b).

 

Extraordinary Resolution” has the meaning set forth in the Trust Deed.

 

Fair Market Value” means, on any date (the “FMV Date”):

 

(a) in the case of a Cash or Stock Dividend, the amount of such Cash or Stock Dividend, as determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent;

 

(b) in the case of any other cash amount, the amount of such cash, as determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent;

 

(c) in the case of Securities (including Shares), Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets that are publicly traded on a Relevant Exchange of adequate liquidity (as determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent or an Independent Financial Adviser), the arithmetic mean of (i) in the case of Shares or (to the extent constituting equity securities) other Securities, Reclassified Securities or Spin-Off Securities, the daily Volume Weighted Average Prices of the Shares or such other Securities, Reclassified Securities or Spin-Off Securities and (ii) in the case of other Securities, Reclassified Securities or Spin-Off Securities (to the extent not constituting equity securities), options, warrants or other rights or assets, the Closing Prices of such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets, in the case of both (i) and (ii) during the period of five Trading Days on the Relevant Exchange for such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets commencing on such FMV Date (or, if later, the date (the “Adjusted FMV Date”) which falls on the first such Trading Day on which such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets are publicly traded, provided that where such Adjusted FMV Date falls after

 

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the fifth day following the FMV Date, the Fair Market Value of such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets shall instead be determined pursuant to paragraph (d) below, and no such Adjusted FMV Date shall be deemed to apply) or such shorter period as such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets are publicly traded, all as determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent;

 

(d) in the case of Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets that are not publicly traded on a Relevant Exchange of adequate liquidity (as aforesaid) or where otherwise provided paragraph (c) above to be determined pursuant to this paragraph (d), an amount equal to the fair market value of such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets as determined in good faith by an Independent Financial Adviser, on the basis of a commonly accepted market valuation method and taking account of such factors as it (acting reasonably) considers appropriate, including the market price per Share, the dividend yield of an Share, the volatility of such market price, prevailing interest rates and the terms of such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets, and including as to the expiry date and exercise price (if any) thereof.

 

Such amounts shall, if necessary, be translated into the Relevant Currency (if not expressed in the Relevant Currency on the FMV Date (or, as the case may be, the Adjusted FMV Date)) at the Prevailing Rate on the FMV Date (or, as the case may be, the Adjusted FMV Date), all as determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent. In addition, in the case of (i) and (ii) above, the Fair Market Value shall be determined on a gross basis and disregarding any withholding or deduction required to be made for or on account of tax, and disregarding any associated tax credit.

 

Further Bonds” means any further Bonds issued pursuant to Section 15.6 and consolidated and forming a single series with the then outstanding Bonds.

 

Global Bond Certificate” has the meaning set forth in Section 13.1.

 

indebtedness” shall be construed so as to include any obligation for the payment or repayment of money, whether present or future, actual or contingent.

 

Independent Financial Adviser” means an independent institution with appropriate expertise, which may be the initial Calculation Agent, appointed by the Issuer (other than where the initial Calculation Agent is appointed) in consultation with the Calculation Agent and (other than where the initial Calculation Agent is appointed) approved in writing by the Trustee or, if the Issuer fails to make such appointment and such failure continues for a reasonable period (as determined by the Trustee in its sole discretion) and the Trustee is indemnified and/or secured and/or pre-funded to its satisfaction against the costs, fees and expenses of such adviser and otherwise in connection with such appointment, appointed by the Trustee (without liability for so doing) following notification to the Issuer.

 

Interest Payment Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.2.

 

Interest Period” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.2.

 

Judgment Currency” has the meaning set forth in Section 15.4.

 

a “Material Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary:

 

(a) whose (i) total assets or (ii) total revenues (consolidated in the case of a Subsidiary which itself has subsidiaries) represent five per cent. or more of the consolidated total assets of the Issuer and its Subsidiaries or, as the case may be, consolidated total revenues of the Issuer and its Subsidiaries, in each case as calculated by reference to the then latest audited financial statements of such Subsidiary (consolidated or, as the case may be, unconsolidated) and the then latest audited consolidated financial statements of the Issuer provided that:

 

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(i) in the case of a Subsidiary acquired or an entity which becomes a Subsidiary after the end of the financial period to which the then latest audited consolidated financial statements of the Issuer relate, the reference to the then latest audited consolidated financial statements of the Issuer for the purposes of the calculation of the above shall until the consolidated audited financial statements of the Issuer are published for the financial period in which the acquisition is made or, as the case may be, in which such entity becomes a Subsidiary, be deemed to be a reference to the then latest consolidated financial statements of the Issuer adjusted in such manner as may be deemed appropriate by the Issuer to consolidate the latest audited financial statements (consolidated or, as the case may be, unconsolidated) of such Subsidiary in such financial statements;

 

(ii) if, in the case of any Subsidiary, no audited financial statements (consolidated or, as the case may be, unconsolidated) are prepared, then the determination of whether or not such Subsidiary is a Material Subsidiary shall be determined by reference to its unaudited annual financial statements (if any) or on the basis of pro forma financial statements (in each case consolidated or, as the case may be, unconsolidated); and

 

(iii) if the latest financial statements of any Subsidiary are not prepared on the basis of the same accounting principles, policies and practices of the latest consolidated audited financial statements of the Issuer, then the determination of whether or not such Subsidiary is a Material Subsidiary shall be based on pro forma financial statements or, as the case may be, consolidated financial statements of such Subsidiary prepared on the basis of same accounting principles, policies and practices as adopted in the latest consolidated audited financial statements of the Issuer, or on an appropriate restatement of or adjustment to the relevant financial statements of such Subsidiary; or

 

(b) to which is transferred all or substantially all of the business, undertaking and assets of a Subsidiary which immediately prior to such transfer is a Material Subsidiary, whereupon the transferor Subsidiary shall immediately cease to be a Material Subsidiary and the transferee Subsidiary shall immediately cease to be a Material Subsidiary under the provisions of this sub-paragraph (b) upon publication of its next audited financial statements but so that such transferor Subsidiary or such transferee Subsidiary may be a Material Subsidiary on or at any time after the date on which such audited financial statements have been published by virtue of the provisions of sub-paragraph (a) above or (as a result of another transfer to which this sub-paragraph (b) applies) before, on or at any time after such date by virtue of the provisions of this sub-paragraph (b).

 

Maturity Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Merger Date” means, in respect of any Merger Event, the date on which all holders of the Shares (other than, in the case of a takeover offer, any Shares owned or controlled by the offeror) have agreed or irrevocably become obligated to transfer their Shares.

 

Merger Event” means any (i) consolidation, amalgamation or merger of the Issuer with or into another entity (other than a consolidation, amalgamation or merger where the Issuer is the continuing entity) or (ii) a statutory split up (other than a Spin-off Event).

 

New Securities” means equity securities (whether of the Issuer or a third party) which are publicly traded on a Recognised Exchange.

 

Optional Redemption Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.1.

 

Optional Redemption Notice” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.1.

 

Other Consideration” means cash, securities (other than New Securities) or other property (whether of the Issuer or a third party).

 

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Parity Value” means, in respect of any Trading Day, the amount determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent and calculated as follows:

 

PV = N x VWAP

 

where:

 

PV = the Parity Value.

 

N = €100,000 divided by the Conversion Price in effect on such Trading Day, provided that if (A) such Trading Day falls on or after the Deemed Ex-Date in respect of an Adjustment Event, and (B) such adjustment is not yet in effect on such Trading Day, the Conversion Price in effect on such Trading Day shall for the purpose of this definition only be multiplied by the adjustment factor subsequently determined by the Calculation Agent to be applicable in respect of the relevant Conversion Price adjustment.

 

VWAP = the Volume Weighted Average Price of a Share on such Trading Day translated, if not in euro, into euro at the Prevailing Rate on such Trading Day.

 

Person” means an individual, a corporation, a limited liability company, a partnership, an association, a trust or any other entity or organisation, including a government or political subdivision or an agency or instrumentality thereof.

 

Prevailing Rate” means in respect of any pair of currencies on any day, the spot mid-rate of exchange between the relevant currencies prevailing as at or about 12 noon (Amsterdam time) on that day (for the purpose of this definition, the “Original Date”) as appearing on or derived from Bloomberg page BFIX (or any successor page) in respect of such pair of currencies, or, if such a rate cannot be so determined, the rate prevailing as at 12 noon (Amsterdam time) on the immediately preceding day on which such rate can be so determined, provided that if such immediately preceding day falls earlier than the fifth day prior to the Original Date or if such rate cannot be so determined (all as determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent), the Prevailing Rate in respect of the Original Date shall be the rate determined in such other manner as an Independent Financial Adviser shall consider appropriate.

 

Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Purchased Shares” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(b).

 

Reclassification” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(a)(x).

 

Reclassified Securities” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(a)(x).

 

Recognised Exchange” means a regulated and regularly operating stock exchange.

 

Record Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.2(d).

 

Redemption Notice” means an Optional Redemption Notice or a Tax Redemption Notice.

 

Redemption Price” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1.

 

Reference Date” means, in relation to a Retroactive Adjustment, the date as of which the relevant Retroactive Adjustment takes effect or, in any such case, if that is not a Trading Day, the next following Trading Day.

 

Reference Shares” means, in respect of the exercise of Conversion Rights by a Bondholder, the number of Shares (rounded down, if necessary, to the nearest whole number of Shares) determined in good faith by the Calculation Agent by dividing the aggregate principal amount of the Bonds being the subject of the relevant exercise of Conversion Rights by the Conversion Price in effect on the relevant Conversion Date, except that where the Conversion Date falls on or after the date an adjustment to the Conversion Price takes effect

 

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pursuant to Sections 5.4(a)(i), (ii), (iv), (v), (vi), (viii), (ix) or (x) in circumstances where the relevant Delivery Date falls on or prior to the record date or other due date for establishment of entitlement in respect of the relevant event giving rise to such adjustment, then the Conversion Price in respect of such exercise shall be such Conversion Price as would have been applicable to such exercise had no such adjustment been made.

 

Relevant Currency” means, at any time, the currency in which the Shares are quoted or dealt in at such time on the Relevant Exchange.

 

Relevant Date” means, in respect of any Bond, whichever is the later of:

 

(i) the date on which payment in respect of it first becomes due; and

 

(ii) if any payment is improperly withheld or refused, the earlier of (a) the date on which payment in full of the amount outstanding is made or (b) the date falling seven days after the date on which notice is given to Bondholders that, upon further presentation of the Bond, where required pursuant to these Conditions, being made, such payment will be made, provided that such payment is in fact made as provided in these Conditions.

 

Relevant Exchange” means:

 

(i) in respect of the Shares, Euronext Amsterdam or, if the Shares cease to be listed and admitted to trading on Euronext Amsterdam, the principal stock exchange or securities market on which the Shares are, at or following the time of such cessation, listed, admitted to trading or quoted or dealt in, and

 

(ii) in respect of any Securities (other than Shares), Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets, the principal stock exchange or securities market on which such Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets are then listed, admitted to trading or quoted or dealt in,

 

where “principal stock exchange or securities market” shall mean the stock exchange or securities market on which such Shares, Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets are listed, admitted to trading or quoted or dealt in, provided that if such Shares, Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets are listed, admitted to trading or quoted or dealt in (as the case may be) on more than one stock exchange or securities market at such time, then “principal stock exchange or securities market” shall mean that stock exchange or securities market on which such Shares, Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets are traded at such time as determined by the Calculation Agent (if the Calculation Agent determines that it is able to make such determination) or (in any other case) by an Independent Financial Adviser by reference to the stock exchange or securities market with the highest average daily trading volume in respect of such Shares, Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets.

 

A “Retroactive Adjustment” shall occur if (i) the Delivery Date in relation to the conversion of any Bond shall be after the Deemed Record Date in respect of any Adjustment Event and (ii) the Conversion Date falls before the relevant adjustment to the Conversion Price becomes effective under Section 5.4(a).

 

Securities” means any securities including, without limitation, shares in the capital of the Issuer, or options, warrants or other rights to subscribe for or purchase or acquire shares in the capital of the Issuer.

 

Settlement Disruption Event” means an event beyond the control of the Issuer as a result of which any Central Securities Depository or any of their respective successors or any other central securities depository cannot settle the book-entry transfer of the Shares on such date.

 

Shareholders” means the holders of Shares.

 

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Shares” means the ordinary shares in the capital of the Issuer with, as at the Closing Date, a nominal value of €0.04 each.

 

Short Period” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.2.

 

Spin-off Event” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(a)(x).

 

Spin-off Securities” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(a)(x).

 

Subsidiary” means a subsidiary (dochtermaatschappij) as defined in Section 2:24a of Book 2 of the Dutch Civil Code.

 

TARGET” means the Trans-European Automated Real-Time Gross Settlement Express Transfer System (known as TARGET 2) or any successor thereto.

 

TARGET System” means the Trans-European Automated Real-Time Gross Settlement Express Transfer (TARGET2) System.

 

Tax Redemption Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.2.

 

Tax Redemption Notice” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.2.

 

Taxing Jurisdiction” means, in respect of any entity, the jurisdiction in which it is resident for tax purposes generally or any political subdivision or territory or possession or taxing authority thereof or therein.

 

Trading Day” means any calendar day (other than a Saturday or Sunday) on which the Relevant Exchange is open for business and on which the Shares, other Securities, Reclassified Securities, Spin-Off Securities, options, warrants or other rights or assets (as the case may be) are capable of being dealt in (other than a day on which trading is scheduled to or does close prior to the regular closing time), provided that, unless otherwise specified or the context otherwise requires, a “Trading Day” shall be a Trading Day in respect of the Shares.

 

Trustee” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.

 

Volume Weighted Average Price” means, in respect of a Share, Security, Reclassified Security or, as the case may be, a Spin-Off Security, on any Trading Day in respect thereof, the volume weighted average price on such Trading Day on the Relevant Exchange of a Share, Security, Reclassified Security or, as the case may be, a Spin-Off Security, as published by or derived from Bloomberg page HP (or any successor page) (setting “Weighted Average Line”, or any other successor setting and using values not adjusted for any event occurring after such Trading Day; and for the avoidance of doubt, all values will be determined with all adjustment settings on the DPDF Page, or any successor or similar setting, switched off) in respect of such Share, Security, Reclassified Security or, as the case may be, Spin-Off Security and such Relevant Exchange (and for the avoidance of doubt such Bloomberg page for the Shares as at the Closing Date is TKWY NA Equity HP), if any or, in any such case, such other pricing source (if any) as shall be determined in good faith to be appropriate by an Independent Financial Adviser on such Trading Day and translated, if not in the Relevant Currency, into the Relevant Currency at the Prevailing Rate on such Trading Day, provided that if on any such Trading Day (for the purposes of this definition, the “Original Date”) such price is not available or cannot otherwise be determined as provided above, the Volume Weighted Average Price of a Share, Security, Reclassified Security or Spin-Off Security, as the case may be, in respect of such Trading Day shall be the Volume Weighted Average Price, determined as provided above, on the immediately preceding such Trading Day on which the same can be so determined and further provided that if such immediately preceding Trading Day falls prior to the fifth day before the Original Date, an Independent Financial Adviser shall (acting reasonably) determine the Volume Weighted Average Price in respect of the Original Date in good faith, all as determined by (where specifically provided above) an Independent Financial Adviser or (in any other, case) the Calculation Agent.

 

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Voting Rights” means the right generally to vote at a general meeting of shareholders of the Issuer (irrespective of whether or not, at the time, stock of any other class or classes shall have, or might have, voting power by reason of the happening of any contingency) or to elect the majority of the members of the management board or supervisory board of the Issuer.

 

References to any issue or offer or grant to existing holders of Shares “as a class” shall be taken to be references to an issue or offer or grant to all or substantially all existing holders of Shares, other than those to whom, by reason of the laws of any territory or requirements of any recognised regulatory body or any other stock exchange or securities market in any territory or in connection with fractional entitlements, it is determined not to make such issue or offer or grant.

 

15 Miscellaneous

 

15.1 Authentication

 

The Bonds evidenced by this certificate shall not become valid or obligatory until the certificate of authentication hereon shall have been duly signed by or on behalf of the Registrar acting under the Agency Agreement.

 

15.2 Repayment of Funds

 

All monies paid by the Issuer to the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent or Conversion Agent for payment of principal or interest on any Bond which remain unclaimed at the end of two years after such payment has been made will be repaid to the Issuer and all liability of such Agent with respect thereto will cease, and, to the extent permitted by law, the Bondholders shall thereafter look only to the Issuer for payment as a general unsecured creditor thereof.

 

15.3 Prescription

 

Claims for payment on the Bonds which are not exercised within five years from the due date of the relevant payment will lapse and revert to the Issuer.

 

15.4 Indemnification of Judgment Currency

 

The Issuer will indemnify each Bondholder against loss incurred by such Bondholder as a result of any judgment or order being given or made for any amount due under the Bonds and such judgment or order being expressed and paid in a currency other than euro (the “Judgment Currency”) and as a result of any variation as between (i) the rate of exchange at which euro is converted into the Judgment Currency for the purpose of such judgment or order and (ii) the spot rate of exchange in euro at which the Bondholder on the date of payment of such judgment or order is able to purchase euro with the amount of the Judgment Currency actually received by the Bondholder.

 

15.5 Descriptive Headings

 

The descriptive headings appearing in these Conditions are for convenience of reference only and shall not alter, limit or define the provisions hereof.

 

15.6 Further Issues

 

The Issuer may from time to time without the consent of the Bondholders create and issue further bonds having the same terms and conditions in all respects as the outstanding Bonds or in all respects except for the amount and due date for first payment of interest on them and the first date on which Conversion Rights may be exercised and so that such further issue shall be consolidated and form a single series with the outstanding Bonds. Any further bonds forming a single series with the outstanding Bonds constituted by the Trust Deed or any deed supplemental to it shall, and any other notes, bonds or debentures may, with the consent of the Trustee, be constituted by a deed supplemental to the Trust Deed. The Trust Deed contains provisions for convening a single meeting of the

 

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Bondholders and the holders of notes, bonds or debentures of other series in certain circumstances where the Trustee so decides.

 

15.7 Notices

 

(a) Notice to the Issuer

 

Any notice or demand to or on the Issuer may be given or served by being deposited in the mail, first class postage prepaid (if available), and addressed to:

 

Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V.

Oosterdoksstraat 80,

1011 DK Amsterdam

The Netherlands

 

Attention: Brent Wissink / Jitse Groen

 

or such other address as the Issuer may provide to the Bondholders, the Trustee and the Agents in writing.

 

(b) Notice to the Trustee

 

Any notice or demand to or on the Trustee may be given or served by being deposited in the mail, first class postage prepaid (if available), and addressed to:

 

Stichting Trustee Just Eat Takeaway.com II

Hoogoorddreef 15

1101 BA

Amsterdam

The Netherlands

 

Attention: The Directors

 

or such other address as the Trustee may provide to a Bondholder, the Issuer or the Agents in writing.

 

(c) Notice to Agents

 

Any notice or demand to or on the Agents may be given or served by being deposited in the mail, first class postage prepaid (if available), and addressed to:

 

The Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent:

 

ABN AMRO Bank N.V.

Gustav Mahlerlaan 10

1082 PP Amsterdam

The Netherlands

 

Attention: Equity Capital Markets

 

The Registrar:

 

Bank of America Europe Designated Activity Company

Bank of America Merrill Lynch

Block D, Central Park

Leopardstown

 

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D18 N924

Ireland

 

Attention: Asset Services, Common Depository/Registrar

 

or such other address as the Agents may provide to a Bondholder, the Issuer or the Trustee in writing.

 

(d) Notice to Bondholders

 

Where these Conditions or the Trust Deed requires any notice to be given to a Bondholder then unless specified otherwise in these Conditions, such notice shall be given as follows: (A) (x) in the case of Bonds evidenced by the Global Bond Certificate on deposit with a Central Securities Depository, such notice shall be delivered in writing to such Central Securities Depository (and the date on which such notice is so delivered shall be the date on which such notice shall be deemed to have been given) and (y) in the case of Bonds evidenced by individual certificates in registered form, such notice shall be given by publication on the website of the Issuer (and the date on which such notice is so published shall be the date on which such notice shall be deemed to have been given), and (B) so long as the Bonds are listed on any stock exchange or trading platform (and the rules of that stock exchange or trading platform so require), such notice shall be published in a manner which complies with the rules and regulations of such stock exchange or trading platform (and the date on which such notice is so published shall be the date on which such notice shall be deemed to have been given).

 

If any notice is required to be given more than once or on different dates pursuant to this Section 15.7(d), then such notice shall be deemed to have been given on the first date on which such notice is deemed to have been given as provided above.

 

In addition, at the direction of the Issuer and if the Calculation Agent determines in its sole discretion it is able to do so, the Calculation Agent will request Bloomberg to publish the relevant notice on the relevant page for the Bonds (at the expense (if any) of the Issuer) for information purposes only.

 

15.8 Governing Law and Jurisdiction

 

The Bonds (including, for the avoidance of doubt, the second paragraph of this Section 15.8), the Trust Deed and the Agency Agreement, and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with them, shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of The Netherlands.

 

Any dispute in connection with or arising from the Bonds, the Trust Deed and the Agency Agreement or their implementation and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with them, will be exclusively decided by the competent courts of Amsterdam, The Netherlands, subject to the authority of the Trustee, if it considers this expedient, to agree to prorogation (prorogatie).

 

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SCHEDULE 2

Form of Original Individual Certificate

 

On the front:

 

ISIN: XS2296021798

 

THE BONDS EVIDENCED BY THIS CERTIFICATE HAVE NOT BEEN AND WILL NOT BE REGISTERED UNDER THE U.S. SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”) OR WITH ANY SECURITIES REGULATORY AUTHORITY OF ANY STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF THE UNITED STATES, THE BONDS ARE BEING OFFERED AND SOLD OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES IN COMPLIANCE WITH REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT. THE BONDS MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD WITHIN THE UNITED STATES EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT. TERMS IN THIS LEGEND ARE USED AS USED IN REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT.

 

JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V.

(a limited liability company (naamloze vennootschap) incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands with registered number 08142836)

 

€500,000,000 0.625 per cent. Convertible Bonds due 2028

 

This Bond is an Individual Certificate and forms part of a series designated as specified in the title (the “Bonds”) of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. (the “Issuer”) and constituted by the Trust Deed referred to on the reverse hereof. The Bonds are subject to, and have the benefit of, that Trust Deed and the terms and conditions (the “Conditions”) set out on the reverse hereof.

 

The Issuer hereby certifies that [●] is/are, at the date hereof, entered in the Bonds Register as the holder(s) of Bonds in the principal amount of €[●].

 

The Bonds evidenced by this Individual Certificate are convertible into ordinary shares of the Issuer (“Shares”) as provided in the Conditions. On the relevant Delivery Date, the Issuer will issue or transfer and deliver to the converting holder such number of Shares, or make payment to the relevant holder of the relevant cash amounts, all as specified in and subject to and in accordance with the Conditions and the Trust Deed.

 

This Individual Certificate is evidence of entitlement only. Title to the Bonds passes in accordance with the terms of the Agency Agreement and no transfer of the Bonds will be valid unless and until entered on the Bonds Register and only the duly registered holder is entitled to payments in respect of this Individual Certificate.

 

This Individual Certificate and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with it are governed by, and shall be construed in accordance with, Dutch law.

 

Capitalised terms not defined herein shall have the meaning ascribed thereto in the Trust Deed and the Conditions.

 

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In Witness whereof the Issuer has caused this Bond to be signed on its behalf.

 

Dated ________

 

   
Authorised Signatory  

 

For and on behalf of

 

JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V.

 

This Individual Certificate is authenticated without recourse, warranty or liability by or on behalf of the Registrar

 

BANK OF AMERICA EUROPE DESIGNATED ACTIVITY COMPANY

 

By: By:
   
   
Authorised Signatory Authorised Signatory

 

For use by the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent:

 

¨ Following the exercise by the Issuer on ……………………. of its tax redemption option pursuant to Section 4.2 of the Conditions, a Bondholder’s Tax Redemption Notice was received by the Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent on ………………….. in respect of the Bonds evidenced by this Individual Certificate. Accordingly, the provisions of Section 6 of the Conditions shall not apply in respect of any payment in respect of principal or interest to be made on such Bonds which falls due after the Tax Redemption Date specified in the Tax Redemption Notice.

 

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On the back:

 

Terms and Conditions of the Bonds

 

[THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS THAT ARE SET OUT IN SCHEDULE 1 TO THE TRUST DEED WILL BE SET OUT HERE]

 

Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent

 

ABN AMRO Bank N.V.

Gustav Mahlerlaan 10

1082 PP Amsterdam

The Netherlands

Email: as.exchange.agency@nl.abnamro.com

Attention: AS Exchange Agency / Corporate Broking

 

Registrar

 

Bank of America Europe Designated Activity Company

Bank of America

Block D, Central Park

Leopardstown

D18 N924

Ireland

Email: common.depository@bankofamerica.com; ipa.europe@bofa.com

Attention: Asset Services

 

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Form of Transfer

 

FOR VALUE RECEIVED the undersigned hereby transfers to

 

   
   
   

 

(PLEASE PRINT OR TYPEWRITE NAME AND ADDRESS OF TRANSFEREE)

 

(not more than four names may appear as joint holders)

 

[●] in principal amount of this Bond, and all rights in respect thereof, and irrevocably requests the

Registrar to transfer such principal amount of this Bond on the books kept for registration thereof.

 

Dated    
     
Signed    

 

Notes:

 

(i) The signature to this transfer must correspond with the name as it appears on the face of this Bond.

 

(ii) A representative of the Bondholder should state the capacity in which he signs e.g. executor.

 

(iii) The signature of the person effecting a transfer shall conform to any list of duly authorised specimen signatures supplied by the registered holder or be certified by a recognised bank, notary public or in such other manner as the Registrar may require.

 

(iv) Any transfer of Bonds shall be in the minimum amount of €100,000.

 

(v) Transfer is effective only upon notification of the transfer having reached the Issuer or its agent for this purpose.

 

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SCHEDULE 3

Form of Original Global Bond Certificate

 

THE BONDS EVIDENCED BY THIS CERTIFICATE HAVE NOT BEEN AND WILL NOT BE REGISTERED UNDER THE U.S. SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”) OR WITH ANY SECURITIES REGULATORY AUTHORITY OF ANY STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF THE UNITED STATES, THE BONDS ARE BEING OFFERED AND SOLD OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES IN COMPLIANCE WITH REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT. THE BONDS MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD WITHIN THE UNITED STATES EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT. TERMS IN THIS LEGEND ARE USED AS USED IN REGULATION S UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT.

 

ISIN: XS2296021798

 

JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V.

(a limited liability company (naamloze vennootschap) incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands with registered number 08142836)

 

€500,000,000 0.625 per cent. Convertible Bonds due 2028

 

Global Bond Certificate

 

Registered Holder : Bank of America GSS Nominees Limited as nominee of Bank of America N.A., London Branch, as Common Depositary for Euroclear and Clearstream Luxembourg.
     
Address of Registered Holder :

2 King Edward Street

London EC1A 1HQ
United Kingdom

 

This Global Bond Certificate is issued in respect of the €500,000,000 0.625 per cent. Convertible Bonds due 2028 (the “Bonds”) of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. (the “Issuer”). This Global Bond Certificate certifies that the Registered Holder (as defined above) is registered as the holder of such nominal amount of the Bonds at the date hereof.

 

Interpretation and Definitions

 

References in this Global Bond Certificate to the “Conditions” are to the Terms and Conditions applicable to the Bonds (which are in the form set out in Schedule 1 to the Trust Deed dated 9 February 2021 between the Issuer and Stichting Trustee Just Eat Takeaway.com II as Trustee, as such form is supplemented and/or modified and/or superseded from time to time, including by the provisions of this Global Bond Certificate, which in the event of any conflict shall prevail). Other capitalised terms used in this Global Bond Certificate shall have the meanings given to them in the Conditions or the Trust Deed.

 

Promise to Pay

 

The Issuer, for value received, promises to pay to the registered holder of the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate (subject to surrender of this Global Bond Certificate if no further payment falls to be made in respect of such Bonds) on the Maturity Date (or on such earlier date

 

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as the amount payable upon redemption under the Conditions may become payable in accordance with the Conditions) the amount payable upon redemption under the Conditions in respect of the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate and to pay interest in respect of such Bonds from 9 February 2021 in arrear at the rates, in the amounts and on the dates for payment provided for in the Conditions together with such other sums and additional amounts (if any) as may be payable under the Conditions, in accordance with the Conditions.

 

For the purposes of this Global Bond Certificate, (a) the holder of the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate is bound by the provisions of the Trust Deed, (b) the Issuer certifies that the Registered Holder is, at the date hereof, entered in the Bonds Register as the holder of the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate, (c) this Global Bond Certificate is evidence of entitlement only, (d) title to the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate passes in accordance with the terms of the Agency Agreement and no transfer of the Bonds will be valid unless and until entered on the Bonds Register, and (e) only the holder of the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate is entitled to payments in respect of the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate.

 

Meetings

 

The holder of the Bonds evidenced by this Global Bond Certificate shall (unless this Global Bond Certificate represents only one Bond) be treated as two persons for the purposes of any quorum requirements of a meeting of Bondholders.

 

Conversion

 

For so long as this Global Bond Certificate is held on behalf of any one or more of Euroclear, Clearstream, Luxembourg or an alternative clearing system, Conversion Rights may be exercised as against the Issuer in accordance with the Conditions by the delivery to or to the order of the Conversion Agent in accordance with the standard procedures of Euroclear, Clearstream, Luxembourg or the alternative clearing system of one or more Conversion Notices duly completed by or on behalf of a holder of a book-entry interest representing entitlements to the Global Bond Certificate. Upon exercise of Conversion Rights, the Registrar shall, or shall procure that, Schedule A hereto is annotated accordingly.

 

This Global Bond Certificate shall not become valid for any purpose until authenticated by or on behalf of the Registrar.

 

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In witness whereof the Issuer has caused this Global Bond Certificate to be signed on its behalf.

 

Dated ______________2021

 

JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V.

 

By:

 

Authorised Signatory

 

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This Global Bond Certificate is authenticated by or on behalf of the Registrar.

 

BANK OF AMERICA EUROPE DESIGNATED ACTIVITY COMPANY

 

By:

 

Authorised Signatory

 

Authorised Signatory

 

For the purposes of authentication only.

 

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Schedule A

Schedule of Reductions in Principal Amount of Bonds in respect of which this Global Bond Certificate is Issued

 

The following reductions in the principal amount of the Bonds in respect of which this Global Bond Certificate is issued have been made as a result of: (i) exercise of Conversion Rights attaching to the Bonds, or (ii) redemption of the Bonds, or (iii) purchase and cancellation of the Bonds or (iv) issue of Individual Certificates in respect of the Bonds:

 

Date of Conversion/
Redemption/
Purchase and
Cancellation/ Issue
of Individual
Certificates (stating
which)
  Amount of decrease
in principal amount
of this Global Bond
Certificate (€)
  Principal Amount of
this Global Bond
Certificate following
such decrease (€)
  Notation made by or
on behalf of the
Principal Paying,
Transfer and
Conversion Agent
             
             

 

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SCHEDULE 4

Provisions for Meetings of Bondholders

 

1 In this Schedule the following expressions have the following meanings:

 

1.1 Electronic Consent” has the meaning set out in paragraph 19;

 

1.2 Extraordinary Resolution” means a resolution passed (i) at a meeting of Bondholders duly convened and held in accordance with these provisions by or on behalf of the Bondholder(s) of not less than 75 per cent. of the persons eligible to vote at such meeting, (ii) by a Written Resolution or (iii) by an Electronic Consent; and

 

1.3 Written Resolution” means a resolution in writing signed by or on behalf of Bondholders representing in aggregate not less than 75 per cent. in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding.

 

2

 

2.1 A holder of a Bond in registered form may by an instrument in writing in the form available from any Agent in English signed by the holder or, in the case of a corporation, executed under its common seal or signed on its behalf by an attorney or a duly authorised officer of the corporation and delivered to any Agent not later than 48 hours before the time fixed for any meeting, appoint any person as a proxy to act on his or its behalf in connection with any meeting or proposed meeting of Bondholders.

 

2.2 A holder of a Bond (whether such Bonds are evidenced by a Global Bond Certificate or an Individual Certificate) in registered form which is a corporation may, by delivering to any Agent not later than 48 hours before the time fixed for any meeting a resolution in English of its directors or other governing body, authorise any person to act as its representative (a “representative”) in connection with any meeting or proposed meeting of Bondholders.

 

2.3 A proxy or representative so appointed shall so long as such appointment remains in force be deemed, for all purposes in connection with any meeting or proposed meeting of Bondholders specified in such appointment, to be the holder of the Bonds to which such appointment relates and the holder of the Bonds shall be deemed for such purposes not to be the holder.

 

3 Each of the Issuer and the Trustee at any time may, and the Issuer upon a request in writing of Bondholders holding not less than 10 per cent. in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding shall, convene a meeting of Bondholders. Whenever any such party is about to convene any such meeting, it shall forthwith give notice in writing to each other party of the day, time and place of the meeting and of the nature of the business to be transacted at it. Every such meeting shall be held at such time and place as the Trustee may approve.

 

4 At least 21 days’ notice (exclusive of the day on which the notice is given and of the day on which the meeting is held) specifying the day, time and place of meeting shall be given to the Bondholders. A copy of the notice shall in all cases be given by the party convening the meeting to each of the other parties. Such notice shall also specify the nature of the resolutions to be proposed.

 

5 A person (who may, but need not, be a Bondholder) nominated in writing by the Trustee may take the chair at every such meeting but if no such nomination is made or if at any meeting the person nominated shall not be present within 15 minutes after the time fixed

 

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for the meeting, the Bondholders present shall choose one of their number to be chairman, failing which the Issuer may appoint a chairman. The chairman of an adjourned meeting need not be the same person as was chairman of the original meeting.

 

6 At any such meeting any one or more persons present in person holding Bonds or being proxies or representatives and holding or representing in the aggregate not less than 15 per cent. in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding shall (except for the purpose of passing an Extraordinary Resolution) form a quorum for the transaction of business and no business (other than the choosing of a chairman) shall be transacted at any meeting unless the requisite quorum be present at the commencement of business. The quorum at any such meeting for passing an Extraordinary Resolution shall (subject as provided below) be one or more persons present in person holding Bonds or being proxies or representatives and holding or representing in the aggregate a majority in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding; provided that at any meeting the business of which includes any of the matters specified in the proviso to paragraph 16.7, the quorum shall be one or more persons present in person holding Bonds or being proxies or representatives and holding or representing in the aggregate not less than two-thirds in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding, a holder of a Global Bond Certificate being treated as two persons.

 

7 If within 15 minutes from the time fixed for any such meeting a quorum is not present, the meeting shall, if convened upon the requisition of Bondholders, be dissolved. In any other case it shall stand adjourned (unless the Issuer and the Trustee agree that it be dissolved) for such period, not being less than 14 days nor more than 42 days, and to such place, as may be decided by the chairman. At such adjourned meeting one or more persons present in person holding Bonds or voting certificates or being proxies or representatives (whatever the principal amount of the Bonds so held or represented) shall form a quorum and may pass any resolution and decide upon all matters which could properly have been dealt with at the meeting from which the adjournment took place had a quorum been present at such meeting; provided that at any adjourned meeting at which is to be proposed an Extraordinary Resolution for the purpose of effecting any of the modifications specified in the proviso to paragraph 16.7, the quorum shall be one or more persons so present holding Bonds or being proxies or representatives and holding or representing in the aggregate not less than one-half in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding. If a quorum is not present within 15 minutes from the time fixed for a meeting so adjourned, the meeting shall be dissolved.

 

8 The chairman may with the consent of (and shall if directed by) any meeting adjourn such meeting from time to time and from place to place but no business shall be transacted at any adjourned meeting except business which might lawfully have been transacted at the meeting from which the adjournment took place.

 

9 At least 10 days’ notice of any meeting adjourned through want of a quorum shall be given in the same manner as for an original meeting and such notice shall state the quorum required at such adjourned meeting. It shall not, however, otherwise be necessary to give any notice of an adjourned meeting.

 

10 Every question submitted to a meeting shall be decided in the first instance by a show of hands and in case of equality of votes the chairman shall both on a show of hands and on a poll have a casting vote in addition to the vote or votes (if any) which he may have as a Bondholder or as a proxy or representative.

 

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11 At any meeting, unless a poll is (before or on the declaration of the result of the show of hands) demanded by the chairman, the Issuer, the Trustee or by one or more persons holding one or more Bonds or being proxies or representatives and holding or representing in the aggregate not less than one-fiftieth in principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding, a declaration by the chairman that a resolution has been carried or carried by a particular majority or lost or not carried by any particular majority shall be conclusive evidence of the fact without proof of the number or proportion of the votes recorded in favour of or against such resolution.

 

12 If at any meeting a poll is so demanded, it shall be taken in such manner and (subject as provided below) either at once or after such an adjournment as the chairman directs and the result of such poll shall be deemed to be the resolution of the meeting at which the poll was demanded as at the date of the taking of the poll. The demand for a poll shall not prevent the continuation of the meeting for the transaction of any business other than the question on which the poll has been demanded.

 

13 Any poll demanded at any meeting on the election of a chairman or on any question of adjournment shall be taken at the meeting without adjournment.

 

14 The Issuer and the Trustee (through their respective representatives) and their respective financial and legal advisers may attend and speak at any meeting of Bondholders. No one else may attend at any meeting of Bondholders or join with others in requesting the convening of such a meeting unless he is the holder of a Bond or is a proxy or a representative of a Bondholder.

 

15 At any meeting on a show of hands every person who is present in person and who produces a Bond or is a proxy or a representative shall have one vote and on a poll every person who is so present shall have one vote in respect of each €100,000 in principal amount of the Bonds so produced or represented or in respect of which he is a proxy or a representative. Without prejudice to the obligations of proxies, any person entitled to more than one vote need not use all his votes or cast all the votes to which he is entitled in the same way.

 

16 A meeting of Bondholders shall, subject to the Conditions, in addition to the powers given above, but without prejudice to any powers conferred on other persons by this Trust Deed, have power exercisable by Extraordinary Resolution:

 

16.1 to sanction any proposal by the Issuer or the Trustee for any modification, abrogation, variation or compromise of, or arrangement in respect of, the rights of the Bondholders against the Issuer or against any of its property whether such rights shall arise under this Trust Deed, the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement, or otherwise;

 

16.2 to sanction any scheme or proposal for the exchange, substitution or sale of the Bonds for, or the conversion of the Bonds into, or the cancellation of the Bonds in consideration of, shares, stock, notes, bonds, debentures, debenture stock and/or other obligations and/or securities of the Issuer or any other body corporate formed or to be formed, or partly for or into or in consideration of such shares, stock, notes, bonds, debentures, debenture stock and/or other obligations and/or securities as aforesaid;

 

16.3 to assent to any modification of this Trust Deed or the Conditions which shall be proposed by the Issuer or the Trustee;

 

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16.4 to authorise anyone to concur in and do all such things as may be necessary to carry out and to give any authority, direction or sanction which under this Trust Deed or the Bonds is required to be given by Extraordinary Resolution;

 

16.5 to appoint any persons (whether Bondholders or not) as a committee or committees to represent the interests of the Bondholders and to confer upon such committee or committees any powers or discretions which the Bondholders could themselves exercise by Extraordinary Resolution;

 

16.6 to approve a person proposed to be appointed as a new Trustee and to remove any Trustee; and

 

16.7 to discharge or exonerate the Trustee from any liability in respect of any act or omission for which it may become responsible under this Trust Deed or the Bonds,

 

provided that the special quorum provisions contained in the proviso to paragraph 6 and, in the case of an adjourned meeting, in the proviso to paragraph 7 shall apply in relation to any Extraordinary Resolution for the purpose of paragraph 16.2 and making any modification to the provisions contained in this Trust Deed or the Conditions which would have the effect of:

 

(i) changing the Maturity Date or the dates on which interest is payable in respect of the Bonds,

 

(ii) modifying the circumstances in which the Issuer or Bondholders are entitled to redeem the Bonds pursuant to Sections 4.1, 4.2 or 4.3 of the Conditions (other than removing the right of the Issuer to redeem the Bonds pursuant to Sections 4.1 or 4.2 of the Conditions);

 

(iii) reducing or cancelling the principal amount of, or interest on, the Bonds or to reduce the amount payable on redemption of the Bonds;

 

(iv) modifying the basis for calculating the interest payable in respect of the Bonds;

 

(v) modifying the provisions relating to, or cancelling, Conversion Rights or the rights of Bondholders to receive Shares on exercise of Conversion Rights, as applicable, pursuant to the Conditions (other than a reduction to the Conversion Price);

 

(vi) increasing the Conversion Price (other than in accordance with the Conditions);

 

(vii) changing the currency of the denomination of the Bonds or of any payment in respect of the Bonds;

 

(viii) changing the governing law of the Bonds, the Trust Deed or the Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agency Agreement;

 

(ix) modifying the provisions concerning the quorum required at any meeting of Bondholders or the majority required to pass an Extraordinary Resolution; or

 

(x) amending this proviso.

 

17 An Extraordinary Resolution passed at a meeting of Bondholders duly convened and held in accordance with this Trust Deed shall be binding upon all the Bondholders, whether or not present at such meeting and whether or not they vote in favour, and each of the Bondholders shall be bound to give effect to it accordingly. The passing of any such resolution shall be conclusive evidence that the circumstances of such resolution justify the passing of it.

 

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18 Minutes of all resolutions and proceedings at every such meeting shall be made and entered in the books to be from time to time provided for that purpose by the Issuer or the Trustee and any such minutes, if purporting to be signed by the chairman of the meeting at which such resolutions were passed or proceedings transacted or by the chairman of the next succeeding meeting of Bondholders, shall be conclusive evidence of the matters contained in them and until the contrary is proved every such meeting in respect of the proceedings of which minutes have been so made and signed shall be deemed to have been duly convened and held and all resolutions passed or proceedings transacted at it to have been duly passed and transacted.

 

19 Subject to the following paragraph, a Written Resolution may be contained in one document or in several documents in like form, each signed by or on behalf of one or more of the Bondholders.

 

For so long as the Bonds are in the form of a Global Bond Certificate registered in the name of a common depositary for Euroclear, Clearstream, Luxembourg or another clearing system, or a nominee of any of the above then, in respect of any resolution proposed by the Issuer or the Trustee:

 

(i) where the terms of the proposed resolution have been notified to the Bondholders through the relevant clearing system(s) as provided in sub-paragraphs (a) and/or (b) below, each of the Issuer and the Trustee shall be entitled to rely upon approval of such resolution proposed by the Issuer or the Trustee (as the case may be) given by way of electronic consents communicated through the electronic communications systems of the relevant clearing system(s) in accordance with their operating rules and procedures by or on behalf of the Bondholder(s) of not less than 75 per cent. in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds for the time being outstanding (the “Required Proportion”) (“Electronic Consent”) by close of business on the Relevant Date. Any resolution passed in such manner shall be binding on all Bondholders, even if the relevant consent or instruction proves to be defective. Neither the Issuer nor the Trustee shall be liable or responsible to anyone for such reliance;

 

(a) When a proposal for a resolution to be passed as an Electronic Consent has been made, at least 10 days’ notice (exclusive of the day on which the notice is given and of the day on which affirmative consents will be counted) shall be given to the Bondholders through the relevant clearing system(s). The notice shall specify, in sufficient detail to enable Bondholders to give their consents, the proposed resolution, the method by which their consents may be given (including, where applicable, blocking of their accounts in the relevant clearing system(s)) and the time and date (the “Relevant Date”) by which they must be received in order for such consents to be validly given, in each case subject to and in accordance with the operating rules and procedures of the relevant clearing system(s).

 

(b) If, on the Relevant Date on which the consents in respect of an Electronic Consent are first counted, such consents do not represent the Required Proportion, the resolution shall, if the party proposing such resolution (the “Proposer”) so determines, be deemed to be defeated. Such determination shall be notified in writing to the other party or parties to the Trust Deed. Alternatively, the Proposer may give a further notice to Bondholders that the resolution will be proposed again on such date and for such period as

 

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shall be agreed with the Trustee (unless the Trustee is the Proposer). Such notice must inform Bondholders that insufficient consents were received in relation to the original resolution and the information specified in sub-paragraph (a) above. For the purpose of such further notice, references to “Relevant Date” shall be construed accordingly.

 

For the avoidance of doubt, an Electronic Consent may only be used in relation to a resolution proposed by the Issuer or the Trustee which is not then the subject of a meeting that has been validly convened in accordance with paragraph 3 above, unless that meeting is or shall be cancelled or dissolved; and

 

(ii) where Electronic Consent is not being sought, for the purpose of determining whether a Written Resolution has been validly passed, the Issuer and the Trustee shall be entitled to rely on consent or instructions given in writing directly to the Issuer and/or the Trustee, as the case may be, by accountholders in the clearing system with entitlements to such Global Bond Certificate or, where the accountholders hold any such entitlement on behalf of another person, on written consent from or written instruction by the person for whom such entitlement is ultimately beneficially held, whether such beneficiary holds directly with the accountholder or via one or more intermediaries and provided that, in each case, the Issuer and the Trustee have obtained commercially reasonable evidence to ascertain the validity of such holding and have taken reasonable steps to ensure that such holding does not alter following the giving of such consent or instruction and prior to the effecting of such amendment. Any resolution passed in such manner shall be binding on all Bondholders, even if the relevant consent or instruction proves to be defective. As used in this paragraph, “commercially reasonable evidence” includes any certificate or other document issued by Euroclear, Clearstream, Luxembourg or any other relevant clearing system, and/or issued by an accountholder of them or an intermediary in a holding chain, in relation to the holding of interests in the Bonds. Any such certificate or other document shall, in the absence of manifest error, be conclusive and binding for all purposes. Any such certificate or other document may comprise any form of statement or print out of electronic records provided by the relevant clearing system (including Euroclear’s EUCLID or Clearstream, Luxembourg’s CreationOnline system) in accordance with its usual procedures and in which the accountholder of a particular principal or nominal amount of the Bonds is clearly identified together with the amount of such holding. Neither the Issuer nor the Trustee shall be liable to any person by reason of having accepted as valid or not having rejected any certificate or other document to such effect purporting to be issued by any such person and subsequently found to be forged or not authentic.

 

A Written Resolution and/or Electronic Consent shall take effect as an Extraordinary Resolution. A Written Resolution and/or Electronic Consent will be binding on all Bondholders, whether or not they participated in such Written Resolution and/or Electronic Consent.

 

20 Subject to all other provisions contained in this Trust Deed the Trustee may without the consent of the Bondholders prescribe such further regulations regarding the holding of meetings of Bondholders and attendance and voting at them as the Trustee may in its sole discretion determine including particularly (but without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing) such regulations and requirements as the Trustee thinks reasonable:

 

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20.1 so as to satisfy itself that persons who purport to requisition a meeting in accordance with paragraph 3 or who purport to make any requisition to the Trustee in accordance with this Trust Deed are in fact Bondholders; and

 

20.2 so as to satisfy itself that persons who purport to attend or vote at any meeting of Bondholders are entitled to do so in accordance with this Trust Deed.

 

21 Nothing in the Trust Deed shall prevent any of the proxies named in any form of proxy from being a director, managing director, officer or representative of, or otherwise connected with, the Issuer or any of its other Subsidiaries.

 

22 References in this Schedule to Agents shall, where the context requires, be taken to be references to Principal Paying, Transfer and Conversion Agent.

 

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SCHEDULE 5

Form of Directors’ Certificate

 

[ON THE HEADED PAPER OF THE ISSUER]

 

To: Stichting Trustee Just Eat Takeaway.com II
Hoogoorddreef 15
1101 BA
Amsterdam

 

[Date]

 

Dear Sirs

 

Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V.

€500,000,000 0.625 per cent. Convertible Bonds due 2028

 

This certificate is delivered to you in accordance with Clause 9.5 of the Trust Deed dated 9 February 2021 (the “Trust Deed”) and made between Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. (the “Issuer”) and Stichting Trustee Just Eat Takeaway.com II (the “Trustee”). All words and expressions defined in the Trust Deed shall (save as otherwise provided herein or unless the context otherwise requires) have the same meanings herein. The undersigned, having made all reasonable enquiries to the best of [his/her][the Issuer’s] knowledge, information and belief, hereby confirms (but without any personal liability):

 

(a) As at [●]1, no Event of Default or Change of Control existed [other than [●]]2 and no Event of Default or Change of Control had existed at any time since [●]3 [the Certification Date (as defined in the Trust Deed) of the last certificate delivered under Clause 9.54]/[the date of the Trust Deed] [other than [●]]5; and

 

(a) From and including [●]3 [the Certification Date of the last certificate delivered under Clause 9.5]4/[the date of the Trust Deed] to and including [●]1, the Issuer confirms that there has been no breach in respect of its obligations under the Trust Deed [other than [●]]6 and that no Change of Control [other than [●]]7 has occurred.

 

For and on behalf of the Issuer

 

Managing Director 

 

 

1 Specify a date not more than 5 days before the date of delivery of the certificate.
2 If any Event of Default or Change of Control did exist, give details; otherwise delete.
3 Insert date of Trust Deed in respect of the first certificate delivered under Clause 9.5, otherwise delete.
4 Include unless the certificate is the first certificate delivered under Clause 9.5, in which case delete.
5 If any Event of Default or Change of Control did exist, give details; otherwise delete.
6 If the Issuer has failed to comply with any obligation(s), give details; otherwise delete.
7 If a Change of Control has occurred, give details; otherwise delete.

 

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DocuSign Envelope ID: 2841226B-C814-42D6-94AD-BB3CE877F835

 

SIGNED by

 

JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM N.V.

 

By:

 

/s/ Brent Wissink  
   
Brent Wissink  
   
Authorised Signatory  

 

Signature page to Trust Deed

 

  79  

 

 

SIGNED by

 

STICHTING TRUSTEE JUST EAT TAKEAWAY.COM II

 

By:

 

/s/ H.D. de Rijk
 
H.D. de Rijk
 
   
By:
 
   
/s/ N.E. Stegehuis
 
N.E. Stegehuis 
 
Q EQ Structure Finance B.V.,
In turn represented by H.D. de Rijk (proxy holder) and N.E. Stegehuis (proxy holder).

 

Authorised Signatory

 

Signature page to Trust Deed

 

  80  

 

 


Exhibit 5.1

CONFIDENTIAL AND PRIVILEGED
 
Advocaten
Notarissen
Belastingadviseurs
   


Exhibit 5.1
Claude Debussylaan 80
P.O. Box 75084
1070 AB  Amsterdam
T  +31 20 577 1771
F  +31 20 577 1775
To Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. (the “Issuer”)
Oosterdoksstraat 80
1011 DK  Amsterdam
The Netherlands
 
Date [●]
G.N. Smeenk
E  gaby.smeenk@debrauw.com
T  +31 20 577 1446
F  +31 20 577 1775
 
Our ref.
M36445052/1/20719760/thlh
 
     

FORM OF DE BRAUW BLACKSTONE WESTBROEK N.V. OPINION

Dear Sir/Madam,

Registration with the US Securities and Exchange Commission
of ordinary shares in the capital of the Issuer

1
INTRODUCTION

I act as Dutch legal adviser (advocaat) to the Issuer in connection with the Registration.

Certain terms used in this opinion are defined in the Annex (Definitions).

2
DUTCH LAW

This opinion is limited to Dutch law in effect on the date of this opinion. It (including all terms used in it) is to be construed in accordance with Dutch law.
          
 
          
 
De Brauw Blackstone Westbroek N.V., Amsterdam, is registered with the Trade Register in the Netherlands under no. 27171912.         
All services and other work are carried out under an agreement of instruction (“overeenkomst van opdracht”) with De Brauw Blackstone Westbroek N.V. The agreement is subject to the General Conditions, which have been filed with the register of the District Court in Amsterdam and contain a limitation of liability.
Client account notaries ING Bank IBAN NL83INGB0693213876 BIC INGBNL2A.
 


CONFIDENTIAL AND PRIVILEGED
 
          
 
          
 

3
SCOPE OF INQUIRY

I have examined, and relied upon the accuracy of the factual statements in, the following documents:


(a)
A copy of the Registration Statement.


(b)
A copy of:


(i)
the Issuer’s deed of incorporation and the Articles of Association, as provided to me by the Chamber of Commerce (Kamer van Koophandel);


(ii)
both Board Regulations;


(iii)
the Trade Register Extract; and


(iv)
the Shareholders Register.

In addition, I have examined such documents, and performed such other investigations, as I considered necessary for the purpose of this opinion. My examination has been limited to the text of the documents.

4
ASSUMPTIONS

I have made the following assumptions:

(a)


(i)
Each copy document conforms to the original and each original is genuine and complete.


(ii)
Each signature is the genuine signature of the individual concerned.


(iii)
The Registration Statement has been or will have been filed with the SEC in the form referred to in this opinion.


(b)
The Articles of Association and both Board Regulations remain in force without modification.


Our ref. M36445052/1/20719760/thlh
2/6

CONFIDENTIAL AND PRIVILEGED
 



(c)
The Shareholders Register is and remains correct and up to date.

(d)


(i)
The issue by the Issuer of the Registration Shares (or of any rights to acquire Registration Shares) will have been validly authorised in accordance with the Articles of Association.


(ii)
The Registration Shares will have been:


(A)
issued in the form and manner prescribed by the Articles of Association; and


(B)
otherwise offered, issued and accepted by their subscribers in accordance with all applicable laws (including, for the avoidance of doubt, Dutch law).


(iii)
The nominal amount of the Registration Shares and any agreed share premium will have been validly paid.

5
OPINION

Based on the documents and investigations referred to and assumptions made in paragraphs 3 and 4 and subject to the qualifications in paragraph 6 and any matters not disclosed to me, I am of the following opinion:


(a)
When issued, the Registration Shares will have been validly issued and will be fully paid and nonassessable1.

6
QUALIFICATIONS

This opinion is subject to the following qualifications:


(a)
This opinion is subject to any limitations arising from (a) rules relating to bankruptcy, suspension of payments or Preventive Restructuring Processes, (b) rules relating to foreign (i) insolvency proceedings (including foreign Insolvency Proceedings), (ii) arrangement or compromise of obligations or (iii) preventive restructuring frameworks, (c) other rules regulating conflicts between rights of creditors, or (d) intervention and other measures in relation to financial enterprises or their affiliated entities.


(b)
An extract from the Trade Register does not provide conclusive evidence that the facts set out in it are correct. However, under the 2007 Trade Register Act (Handelsregisterwet 2007), subject to limited exceptions, a legal entity or partnership cannot invoke the incorrectness or incompleteness of its Trade Register registration against third parties who were unaware of the incorrectness or incompleteness.




1 In this opinion, “nonassessable” – which term has no equivalent in Dutch – means, in relation to a share, that the issuer of the share has no right to require the holder of the share to pay to the issuer any amount (in addition to the amount required for the share to be fully paid) solely as a result of his shareholdership.

Our ref. M36445052/1/20719760/thlh
3/6

CONFIDENTIAL AND PRIVILEGED
 



(c)
The Shareholders Register does not provide conclusive evidence that the facts set out in it are correct.

7
RELIANCE


(a)
This opinion is an exhibit to the Registration Statement and may be relied upon for the purpose of the Registration and not for any other purpose. It may not be supplied, and its contents or existence may not be disclosed, to any person other than as an Exhibit to (and therefore together with) the Registration Statement.


(b)
Each person accepting this opinion agrees, in so accepting, that:


(i)
only De Brauw (and not any other person) will have any liability in connection with this opinion;


(i)
the agreements in this paragraph 7 and all liability and other matters relating to this opinion will be governed exclusively by Dutch law and the Dutch courts will have exclusive jurisdiction to settle any dispute relating to them; and


(ii)
this opinion (including the agreements in this paragraph 7) does not make the persons accepting this opinion clients of De Brauw.


(c)
The Issuer may:


(i)
file this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement; and


(ii)
refer to De Brauw giving this opinion under the heading “Legal Matters” in the prospectus included in the Registration Statement.

The previous sentence is no admittance from me (or De Brauw) that I am (or De Brauw is) in the category of persons whose consent for the filing and reference in that sentence is required under article 7 of the Securities Act or any rules or regulations of the SEC promulgated under it.


Yours faithfully,

De Brauw Blackstone Westbroek N.V.



Gaby Smeenk

Our ref. M36445052/1/20719760/thlh
4/6

CONFIDENTIAL AND PRIVILEGED
 


Annex  – Definitions

In this opinion:

Articles of Association” means the articles of association of the Issuer dated 31 January 2020.

Board Regulations” means each of:

(a)
the management board regulations of the Issuer’s management board (bestuur) dated 31 January 2020 and effective as per 31 January 2020; and

(b)
the supervisory board regulations of the Issuer’s supervisory board (raad van commissarissen) dated 31 January 2020 and effective as per 31 January 2020.

De Brauw” means De Brauw Blackstone Westbroek N.V.

Dutch law” means the law directly applicable in the Netherlands.

Grubhub” means Grubhub, Inc.

Insolvency Proceedings” means insolvency proceedings as defined in Article 2(4) of Regulation (EU) 2015/848 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 May 2015 on insolvency proceedings (recast).

Issuer” means Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., with seat in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Trade Register number 08142836.

Preventive Restructuring Processes” means public and/or undisclosed preventive restructuring processes within the meaning of the Dutch Act on Court Confirmation of Extrajudicial Restructuring Plans (Wet homologatie onderhands akkoord).

Registration” means the registration of the Registration Shares with the SEC under the Securities Act.

Registration Shares” means the ordinary shares (gewone aandelen) in the capital of the Issuer to be issued to stockholders of Grubhub in relation to the Transaction and to be registered with the SEC pursuant to the Registration.

Registration Statement” means the registration statement on Form F-4 for the Registration originally filed by the Issuer with the SEC on 30 October 2020, as amended as of its effective date, being [●] 2021, under the Securities Act(excluding any documents incorporated by reference in it and any exhibits to it).

SEC” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

Our ref. M36445052/1/20719760/thlh
5/6


CONFIDENTIAL AND PRIVILEGED
 


Securities Act” means the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

Shareholders Register” means the Issuer’s shareholders register, a copy of which was provided by the Issuer on [●] 2021.

the Netherlands” means the part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands located in Europe.

Trade Register Extract” means a Trade Register extract relating to the Issuer provided by the Chamber of Commerce and dated [●] 2021.

Transaction” means the proposed acquisition by the Issuer of 100% of the ordinary share capital of Grubhub in exchange for newly issued ordinary shares (gewone aandelen) in the capital of the Issuer.



Our ref. M36445052/1/20719760/thlh
6/6




Exhibit 8.1



[          ], 2021


Grubhub Inc.
5 Bryant Park, 15th Floor
 New York, NY 10018

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We have acted as counsel to Grubhub, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), in connection with the Mergers, as defined in the Merger Agreement (the “Merger Agreement”), dated as of June 10, 2020, by and among Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., a public company with limited liability (naamloze vennootschap) incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands (“Parent”), Checkers Merger Sub I, Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned Subsidiary of Parent (“Merger Sub”), Checkers Merger Sub II, Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of Parent (“Merger Sub II” and together with Merger Sub, the “Merger Subs”), and the Company (together with Parent, Merger Sub, and Merger Sub II, the “Parties,” and each, a “Party”). All capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein have the meaning ascribed to them in the Merger Agreement.

At your request, and in connection with the filing of the Form F-4 by Parent with the Securities and Exchange Commission (File No. 333-[       ]) (the “Registration Statement”), including the joint proxy statement/prospectus forming a part thereof, we are rendering our opinion regarding certain U.S. federal income tax matters.

In connection with this opinion, and with your consent, we have reviewed and relied upon the accuracy and completeness, without independent investigation or verification, of the following: (i) the Merger Agreement and the documents referenced therein; (ii) the Registration Statement, including the joint proxy statement/prospectus forming a part thereof; (iii) the factual statements and representations made by and on behalf of Parent, the Merger Subs, and the Company in their respective officer’s certificates (the “Officer’s Certificates”), dated as of the date hereof and delivered to us for purposes of this opinion; and (iv) such other documents, information and materials as we have deemed necessary or appropriate.





In rendering this opinion, we have assumed, with your permission, that: (1) all parties to the Merger Agreement, and to any other documents reviewed by us, have acted and will act in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement and such other documents; (2) the Mergers will be consummated pursuant to and in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement and the documents referenced therein, without the waiver or modification of any such terms and conditions, and as described in the Registration Statement; (3) all facts, information, statements, covenants, representations, warranties and agreements made by or on behalf of Parent, the Merger Subs, and the Company in the Merger Agreement and the documents referenced therein, the Registration Statement and the Officer’s Certificates are and, at all times up to and following the Second Effective Time, will continue to be true, complete and correct; (4) all facts, information, statements, covenants, representations, warranties and agreements made by or on behalf of Parent, the Merger Subs, and the Company in the Merger Agreement and the documents referenced therein, the Registration Statement and the Officer’s Certificates that are qualified by the knowledge and/or belief of any person or entity are and, at all times up to and following the Second Effective Time, will continue to be true, complete and correct as though not so qualified; (5) as to all matters as to which any person or entity represents that it is not a party to, does not have, or is not aware of any plan, intention, understanding or agreement, there is in fact no plan, intention, understanding or agreement and, at all times up to and following the Mergers, there will be no plan, intention, understanding or agreement; and (6) Parent, the Merger Subs, and the Company will report the Mergers for all U.S. federal income tax reporting purposes in a manner consistent with this opinion. We also have assumed the authenticity of original documents, the accuracy of copies, the genuineness of signatures and the legal capacity of signatories. Moreover, we have assumed that all facts, information, statements and representations contained in the documents we have reviewed were true, complete and correct at the time made and will continue to be true, complete and correct in all respects at all times up to and following the Second Effective Time, and that all such facts, information, statements and representations can be established to the Internal Revenue Service or courts, if necessary, by clear and convincing evidence. If any of the assumptions described above are untrue for any reason, or if the Mergers are consummated other than in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement and the documents referenced therein, our opinion as expressed below may be adversely affected.

Our opinion is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), the United States Treasury Regulations, case law and published rulings and other pronouncements of the Internal Revenue Service, as in effect on the date hereof. No assurances can be given that such authorities will not be amended or otherwise changed at any time, possibly with retroactive effect. We assume no obligation to advise you of any such subsequent changes, or to update or supplement this opinion to reflect any change in facts, circumstances or law after the date hereof. Any change in the applicable law or regulations, or any new administrative or judicial interpretation of the applicable law or regulations, may affect the continuing validity of our opinion.





Based upon the foregoing and subject to the assumptions, exceptions, limitations and qualifications set forth herein and in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus under the heading “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences,” we are of the opinion that, under current U.S. federal income tax law:


1.
The Initial Merger and Subsequent Merger are treated as a single integrated transaction that will qualify as a “reorganization” within the meaning of Section 368(a)(1)(A) and Section 368(a)(2)(D) of the Code.


2.
The Mergers will not result in gain being recognized under Section 367(a)(1) of the Code (other than for any stockholder that would be a “five-percent transferee shareholder” (within the meaning of United States Treasury Regulations Section 1.367(a)-3(c)(5)(ii)) of Parent following the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement that does not enter into a five-year gain recognition agreement pursuant to United States Treasury Regulations Section 1.367(a)-8(c)).

Our opinion relates solely to the specific matters set forth above, and no opinion is expressed, or should be inferred, as to any other U.S. federal, state, local or non-U.S. income, estate, gift, transfer, sales, use or other tax consequences that may result from the Mergers. Our opinion is limited to legal rather than factual matters and has no official status or binding effect of any kind. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that the Internal Revenue Service or a court will agree with our opinion.

The opinion expressed herein is being furnished in connection with the filing of the Registration Statement and may not be used or relied upon for any other purpose without our prior written consent. We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion with the Securities and Exchange Commission as Exhibit 5.2 to the Registration Statement and to the references to this opinion in the Registration Statement. In giving this consent, we do not admit that we are within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the rules or regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission promulgated thereunder.

 
Very truly yours,
   
 

 
Kirkland & Ellis LLP



Pursuant to Item 601(b)(10)(iv) of Regulation S-K, certain identified information marked with [***] has been excluded from this
exhibit because it is both (i) not material and (ii) the registrant customarily and actually treats such information as private or confidential.

Exhibit 10.2

 

EXECUTION VERSION

 

AMENDMENT AND RESTATEMENT AGREEMENT

 

dated 9 March 2020

 

for

 

JUST EAT LIMITED (FORMERLY KNOWN AS JUST EAT PLC)

 

with (among others)

 

HSBC BANK PLC

acting as Agent

 

RELATING TO A FACILITY AGREEMENT

 

originally dated 2 November 2017 (as amended pursuant to amendment letters from the Company to the Agent dated 9 August 2019 and 12 November 2019) between Just Eat Limited (formerly known as Just Eat Plc) as company, the Original Borrowers and the Original Guarantors (each, as defined therein), HSBC Bank PLC as agent, the Arrangers and the Lenders (each, as defined therein)

 

 

 

Ref: L-285952

 

Linklaters LLP

 


 

 

 

CONTENTS
CLAUSE   PAGE
     
1. Definitions and interpretation 1
2. Conditions Precedent 3
3. Representations 3
4. Amendment 3
5. Transaction expenses 6
6. Miscellaneous 6
7. Governing law 6

 

THE SCHEDULES
SCHEDULE   PAGE
     
SCHEDULE 1 The Parties 7
SCHEDULE 2 Conditions precedent 12
SCHEDULE 3 Form of Amended Agreement 15

 


 

THIS AGREEMENT is dated 9 March 2020 and made between:

 


(1) JUST EAT LIMITED (the “Company”);

 


(2) JUST EAT LIMITED and JUST EAT HOLDING LIMITED as borrowers (the “Borrowers”);

 


(3) THE SUBSIDIARIES of the Company listed in Part I of Schedule 1 as guarantors (together with the Company, the “Continuing Guarantors”);

 


(4) THE FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS listed in Part II of Schedule 1 as existing lenders (the “Existing Lenders”);

 


(5) THE FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS listed in Part III of Schedule 1 as new lenders (the “New Lenders”);

 


(6) THE FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS listed in Part IV of Schedule 1 as existing arrangers (the “Existing Arrangers”);

 


(7) THE FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS listed in Part V of Schedule 1 as new arrangers (the “New Arrangers”); and

 


(8) HSBC BANK PLC as agent of the other Finance Parties (the “Agent”).

 

IT IS AGREED as follows:

 


1. DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATION

 


1.1 Definitions

 

In this Agreement:

 

Amended Agreement” means the Original Facility Agreement, as amended and restated in the form set out in Schedule 3 (Form of Amended Agreement).

 

Amended Commitment Schedule” has the meaning given to that term in Clause 4.3 (Commitments).

 

Effective Date” means the date on which the Effective Time occurs. “Effective Time” means the later to occur of:

 


(a) the time of the notification by the Agent under Clause 2 (Conditions Precedent); and

 


(b) 8:00a.m. on 11 March 2020.

 

Maturing Loans” means all sterling denominated Loans outstanding as at the Effective Date (but immediately prior to the Effective Time) with an Interest Period ending on 11 March 2020.

 

Original Facility Agreement” means the £350,000,000 facility agreement dated 2 November 2017 between the Company, certain Subsidiaries of the Company as borrowers and guarantors, the Agent, the Arranger named in it and the Lenders named in it as amended from time to time prior to the date of this Agreement.

 

Party” means a party to this Agreement.

 

1

 

Prospectus” means the prospectus dated 22 October 2019 published by Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. and sponsored by Merrill Lynch International (as supplemented by supplements dated 20 November 2019, 30 December 2019, 29 January 2020 and 13 February 2020) in connection with (among other things) the admission to the premium listing segment of the Official List maintained by the Financial Conduct Authority and to trading on the London Stock Exchange plc’s main market for listed securities of the ordinary shares in the share capital of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V..

 

Rollover Facility A1 Loan” means a Facility A1 Loan where:

 


(a) the Utilisation Date of that Facility A1 Loan is the Effective Date;

 


(b) the Borrower of that Facility A1 Loan is Just Eat Holding Limited;

 


(c) the currency of that Facility A1 Loan is GBP;

 


(d) the amount of that Facility A1 Loan shall be £155,000,000;

 


(e) the Interest Period for that Facility A1 Loan is one Month; and

 


(f) that Facility A1 Loan is being made in whole for the purposes of refinancing (in part) the Maturing Loans on the Effective Date.

 

Rollover Facility A2 Loan” means a Facility A2 Loan where:

 


(a) the Utilisation Date of that Facility A2 Loan is the Effective Date;

 


(b) the Borrower of that Facility A2 Loan is Just Eat Holding Limited;

 


(c) the currency of that Facility A2 Loan is GBP;

 


(d) the amount of that Facility A2 Loan shall be £140,000,000;

 


(e) the Base Currency Amount of that Facility A2 Loan shall be £140,000,000 converted into euro at the Agent’s Spot Rate of Exchange on the date which is three Business Days before the Utilisation Date;

 


(f) the Interest Period of that Facility A2 Loan is one Month; and

 


(g) that Facility A2 Loan is being made in whole for the purposes of refinancing (in part) the Maturing Loans on the Effective Date.

 

Rollover Loans” means the Rollover Facility A1 Loan and the Rollover Facility A2 Loan.

 


1.2 Incorporation of defined terms

 


(a) Unless a contrary indication appears, terms defined in the Original Facility Agreement or (in the case of Clause 4.6 (Rollover Loans), the definitions of “Rollover Facility A1 Loan” and “Rollover Facility A2 Loan” in Clause 1.1 (Definitions) and any references to the term “Fee Letter”) the Amended Agreement have the same meaning in this Agreement.

 


(b) The principles of construction set out in the Original Facility Agreement shall have effect as if set out in this Agreement.

 

2

 


1.3 Clauses

 

In this Agreement, any reference to a “Clause” or a “Schedule” is, unless the context otherwise requires, a reference to a Clause in or a Schedule to this Agreement.

 


1.4 Third Party Rights

 

A person who is not a Party has no right under the Contracts (Rights of Third Parties) Act 1999 to enforce or to enjoy the benefit of any term of this Agreement.

 


1.5 Designation

 

In accordance with the Original Facility Agreement, each of the Company and the Agent designate this Agreement as a Finance Document.

 


2. CONDITIONS PRECEDENT

 

The provisions of Clause 4 (Amendment) shall be effective only if the Agent has received all the documents and other evidence listed in Schedule 2 (Conditions precedent) in form and substance satisfactory to the Agent. The Agent shall notify the Company, the Existing Lenders and the New Lenders promptly upon being so satisfied.

 


3. REPRESENTATIONS

 

Each Borrower and each Continuing Guarantor makes the Repeating Representations (as defined in the Amended Agreement) and the representations and warranties set out in clause 19.10 (No misleading information) of the Amended Agreement by reference to the facts and circumstances then existing:

 


(a) on the date of this Agreement; and

 


(b) on the Effective Date,

 

but as if references in clause 20 (Representations) of the Amended Agreement to “the Finance Documents” were instead to this Agreement and each Fee Letter to be entered into on or about the date of this Agreement and, on the Effective Date, to the Finance Documents (as defined in the Amended Agreement).

 


4. AMENDMENT

 


4.1 Amendment

 

With effect from the Effective Time, the Original Facility Agreement shall be amended and restated in the form set out in Schedule 3 (Form of Amended Agreement).

 


4.2 Confirmations

 


(a) The provisions of the Original Facility Agreement and the other Finance Documents (including the guarantee and indemnity of each Guarantor) shall, save as amended by this Agreement, continue in full force and effect. Each Borrower and each Continuing Guarantor reconfirms all of its obligations under the Original Facility Agreement and the other Finance Documents.

 


(b) From the Effective Time, any reference in the Finance Documents to the Original Facility Agreement or to any provision of the Original Facility Agreement will be construed as a reference to the Amended Agreement, or that provision, as amended by this Agreement.

 

3

 


(c) Each Borrower and each Continuing Guarantor confirms that, with effect from the Effective Time, the guarantees and indemnities set out in clause 18 (Guarantee and indemnity) of the Amended Agreement shall continue to apply and extend to the obligations of each Obligor (as defined in the Amended Agreement) under the Finance Documents subject to the guarantee limitations set out in clause 18 (Guarantee and indemnity) of the Amended Agreement.

 


4.3 Commitments

 

Immediately following the Effective Time on the Effective Date, the Commitments of the Existing Lenders and the New Lenders will be as set out in Part II of Schedule 1 (The Original Parties) to the Amended Agreement (the “Amended Commitment Schedule”).

 


4.4 New Lenders

 


(a) At the Effective Time on the Effective Date:

 


(i) each New Lender will assume all the obligations of a Lender under the Amended Agreement in respect of its Commitment specified in the Amended Commitment Schedule;

 


(ii) each of the Obligors and each New Lender shall assume obligations towards one another and/or acquire rights against one another as the Obligors and each New Lender would have assumed and/or acquired had that New Lender been an Original Lender; and

 


(iii) each New Lender shall become a Party to the Amended Agreement as a “Lender” and each New Lender and each of the other Finance Parties (including, for the avoidance of doubt, each other New Lender) shall assume obligations towards one another and acquire rights against one another as each New Lender and those Finance Parties would have assumed and/or acquired had that New Lender been an Original Lender.

 


(b) The Facility Office and address, email address, fax number and attention details for notices of each New Lender for the purposes of clause 31.2 (Addresses) and clause 31.5 (Electronic communication) of the Amended Agreement are those notified in writing to the Agent on or prior to the Effective Date.

 


4.5 New Arrangers

 


(a) At the Effective Time on the Effective Date:

 


(i) each of the Obligors and each New Arranger shall assume obligations towards one another and/or acquire rights against one another as the Obligors and that New Arranger would have assumed and/or acquired had that New Arranger been a party to the Original Facility Agreement as an Arranger; and

 


(ii) each New Arranger shall become a Party to the Amended Agreement as an “Arranger” and each New Arranger and each of the other Finance Parties (including, for the avoidance of doubt, each other New Arranger) shall assume obligations towards one another and acquire rights against one another as that New Arranger and those Finance Parties would have assumed and/or acquired had that New Arranger been a party to the Original Facility Agreement as an Arranger.

 

4

 


4.6 Rollover Loans

 

Notwithstanding anything in the Original Facility Agreement or the Amended Agreement to the contrary:

 


(a) the Borrowers shall repay the Maturing Loans on the Effective Date;

 


(b) Just Eat Holding Limited shall be deemed to have delivered to the Agent at the Effective Time on the Effective Date a Utilisation Request for each Rollover Loan, and the Existing Lenders and the New Lenders expressly agree to waive the notice requirements under clause 5.1 (Delivery of a Utilisation Request) of the Amended Agreement in respect of the delivery of such Utilisation Requests;

 


(c) at the Effective Time on the Effective Date, the Rollover Loans shall be treated as if applied in repayment of the Maturing Loans, so that the relevant Borrower will not be required to make a payment under clause 30.1 (Payments to the Agent) of the Original Facility Agreement in respect of the principal amount of the Maturing Loans, provided that, if an Existing Lender or a New Lender fails to comply with the provisions of this Clause 4.6, the relevant Borrower shall be required to make a payment under clause 30.1 (Payments to the Agent) of the Original Facility Agreement to the extent any Maturing Loan remains unpaid in full on the Effective Date;

 


(d) each Existing Lender and each New Lender shall participate in each Rollover Loan in the proportion borne by its Facility A1 Commitment and Facility A2 Commitment to the Total Facility A1 Commitments and Total Facility A2 Commitments (in each case, as applicable and as set out in the Amended Commitment Schedule);

 


(e) subject to the other provisions of this Agreement and subject to clause 4.2 (Further conditions precedent) of the Amended Agreement, each Existing Lender and each New Lender shall make its participation in each Rollover Loan available by the Effective Date;

 


(f) each Existing Lender will be required to make a payment under clause 29.1 (Payments to the Agent) of the Amended Agreement in respect of its participations in the Rollover Loans only to the extent that the aggregate amount of its participations in the Rollover Loans exceeds the aggregate amount of that Existing Lender’s participations in the Maturing Loans as at the Effective Date (but immediately prior to the Effective Time) and the remainder of that Existing Lender’s participations in the Rollover Loans shall be treated as having been made available to and applied by the relevant Borrower in or towards repayment of that Existing Lender’s participations in the Maturing Loans;

 


(g) each New Lender will be required to make a payment under clause 29.1 (Payments to the Agent) of the Amended Agreement in an amount equal to its participations in the Rollover Loans; and

 


(h) each payment received by the Agent from an Existing Lender or a New Lender pursuant to paragraph (f) or (g) above (as applicable) shall be applied by the Agent in payment to each Existing Lender, to the extent that the aggregate amount of the participations of that Existing Lender in the Rollover Loans is less than the aggregate amount of its participations in the Maturing Loans as at the Effective Date (but immediately prior to the Effective Time), on behalf of the relevant Borrower for application towards the repayment

 

5

 

of each such Existing Lender’s participations in the Maturing Loans, until each Existing Lender’s participations in the Maturing Loans (to the extent that the aggregate amount of the participations of that Existing Lender in the Rollover Loans is less than the aggregate amount of its participations in the Maturing Loans as at the Effective Date (but immediately prior to the Effective Time)) has been repaid in full.

 


5. TRANSACTION EXPENSES

 

The Company shall within three Business Days of demand reimburse the Agent for the amount of all reasonable and documented third party costs and expenses (including legal fees up to pre- agreed caps (if any)) reasonably incurred by the Agent in connection with the negotiation, preparation, printing and execution of this Agreement and any other documents referred to in this Agreement.

 


6. MISCELLANEOUS

 


6.1 Incorporation of terms

 

The provisions of clause 32 (Notices) and clause 41 (Enforcement) of the Original Facility Agreement shall be incorporated into this Agreement as if set out in full in this Agreement and as if references in those clauses to “this Agreement” are references to this Agreement.

 


6.2 Counterparts

 

This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, and this has the same effect as if the signatures on the counterparts were on a single copy of this Agreement.

 


7. GOVERNING LAW

 

This Agreement and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with it are governed by English law.

 

This Agreement has been entered into on the date stated at the beginning of this Agreement.

 

6

 

SCHEDULE 1

 

The Parties

 

PART I

 

The Continuing Guarantors

 

Name of Guarantor Registration number (or
equivalent, if any)
Original Jurisdiction
     
Eat Now Services Pty Ltd ABN 59 138 659 588 Australia
     
Just Eat Denmark Holding ApS 35143416 Denmark
     
Just Eat Holding Limited 05438939 England and Wales
     
Just Eat Host A/S 25487389 Denmark
     
Just Eat.co.uk Limited 04656315 England and Wales
     
Just Eat.dk ApS 25537335 Denmark
     
Just-Eat Ireland Limited 457475 Ireland
     
Just-Eat Spain S.L.U. B86008539 Spain
     
Just-eat.lu S.à r.l R.C.S. Luxembourg B 176.212 Luxembourg
     
Menulog Group Ltd ACN 603 840 820 Australia
     
Menulog Pty Ltd ABN 76 120 943 615 Australia
     
SkipTheDishes Restaurant Services Inc 11160745 Canada

 


7

 

PART II

 

The Existing Lenders

 

Name of Existing Lender

 

ABN AMRO Bank N.V.

 

Barclays Bank PLC

 

BNP Paribas, London Branch

 

Goldman Sachs Bank USA

 

HSBC UK Bank Plc1

 

ING Bank N.V.

 

National Westminster Bank Plc

 

RBC Europe Limited

 

 

 


1 In accordance with a ring-fencing order made by the High Court on 21 May 2018 under Part VII of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, various assets and liabilities of HSBC Bank plc, including the facility originally made available pursuant to the Original Facility Agreement, were transferred to HSBC UK Bank plc with effect from 1 July 2018.

 


8

 

PART III

 

The New Lenders

 

Name of New Lender

 

Bank of America, N.A., London Branch

 

Bank of China Limited, London Branch

 

Coöperatieve Rabobank U.A.

 

Raiffeisen Bank International AG

 


9

 

PART IV

 

The Existing Arrangers

 

Name of Existing Arranger

 

Barclays Bank PLC

 

BNP Paribas

 

Goldman Sachs Bank USA

 

HSBC UK Bank plc2

 

National Westminster Bank plc

 

Royal Bank of Canada

 

 

 


2 In accordance with a ring-fencing order made by the High Court on 21 May 2018 under Part VII of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, various assets and liabilities of HSBC Bank plc, including the facility originally made available pursuant to the Original Facility Agreement, were transferred to HSBC UK Bank plc with effect from 1 July 2018.

 


10

 

PART V

 

The New Arrangers

 

Name of New Arranger

 

ABN AMRO Bank N.V.

 

Bank of America Merrill Lynch International Designated Activity Company

 

Bank of China Limited, London Branch

 

Coöperatieve Rabobank U.A.

 

ING Bank N.V.

 

Raiffeisen Bank International AG

 


11

 

SCHEDULE 2

 

Conditions precedent

  


1. Borrowers and Continuing Guarantors

 


(a) A copy of the constitutional documents of each Borrower and each Continuing Guarantor or a certificate of an authorised signatory of that Borrower or Continuing Guarantor certifying that the constitutional documents previously delivered to the Agent for the purposes of the Original Facility Agreement have not been amended and remain in full force and effect (and in the case of a Spanish Obligor, an up-to-date excerpt (certificación literal) from the relevant Commercial Registry in respect of such Spanish Obligor).

 


(b) A copy of a resolution (or, in the case of an Australian Obligor, an extract thereof) of the board of directors or managers of each Borrower and each Continuing Guarantor:3

 


(i) approving the terms of, and the transactions contemplated by, this Agreement and resolving that it execute this Agreement; and

 


(ii) authorising a specified person or persons to execute this Agreement on its behalf.

 


(c) A specimen of the signature of each person authorised by the resolution referred to in paragraph (b) above, where not already held by the Agent.

  


(d) A copy of a resolution signed by all the holders of the issued shares in each Borrower and each Continuing Guarantor (other than (i) the Company, and (ii) any Continuing Guarantor incorporated in Australia, Denmark, Ireland or Luxembourg), approving the terms of, and the transactions contemplated by, this Agreement.

 


(e) A certificate of the Company (signed by a director) confirming that borrowing or guaranteeing, as appropriate, the Total Commitments would not cause any borrowing, guaranteeing or similar limit binding on any Borrower or Continuing Guarantor to be exceeded.

 


(f) A certificate of an authorised signatory of the relevant Borrower or Continuing Guarantor certifying that each copy document relating to it specified in this Schedule 2 is correct, complete and in full force and effect as at a date no earlier than the date of this Agreement.

 


(g) In respect of each Irish Obligor, a certificate (signed by a director) certifying certain factual information about that Irish Obligor including confirmations in respect of Section 239 and 82 of the Irish Companies Act.

 


(h) In respect of each Australian Obligor, a certificate (signed by a director) certifying that:

 


(i) there will be no contravention of, and neither is it prohibited by, Chapter 2E or 2J of the Australian Corporations Act or any other provision of the Australian Corporations Act from entering into and delivering this Agreement and the performance of any of its obligations under this Agreement or the Amended Agreement; and

 

 

3 Note that, in the case of SkipTheDishes Restaurant Services Inc, shareholder resolutions will be provided in lieu of board resolutions.

 

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(ii) it is solvent and there are no reasonable grounds to suspect that it will become insolvent by entering into and complying with its obligations under this Agreement.

 


(i) In respect of the Luxembourg Obligor:

 


(i) an excerpt (extrait) from the Luxembourg Register of Commerce and Companies (R.C.S. Luxembourg); and

  


(ii) a certificate of absence of a judicial decision (certificat de non-inscription du’ne decision judiciaire) delivered by the Luxembourg Register of Commerce and Companies (R.C.S. Luxembourg).

 


2. Legal opinions

 


(a) A legal opinion of Clifford Chance LLP, legal advisers to the Existing Lenders, the New Lenders and the Agent in England, substantially in the form distributed to the Lenders prior to signing this Agreement.

 


(b) A legal opinion of Clifford Chance SCS, legal advisers to the Existing Lenders, the New Lenders and the Agent in Luxembourg, substantially in the form distributed to the Lenders prior to signing this Agreement.

 


(c) A legal opinion of Clifford Chance, legal advisers to the Existing Lenders, the New Lenders and the Agent in Australia, substantially in the form distributed to the Lenders prior to signing this Agreement.

 


(d) A legal opinion of Arthur Cox, legal advisers to the Existing Lenders, the New Lenders and the Agent in Ireland, substantially in the form distributed to the Lenders prior to signing this Agreement.

 


(e) A legal opinion of Gorrissen Federspiel Advokatpartnerselskab, legal advisers to the Existing Lenders, the New Lenders and the Agent in Denmark substantially in the form distributed to the Lenders prior to signing this Agreement.

 


(f) A legal opinion of Ogier, legal advisers to the Company in Luxembourg substantially in the form distributed to the Lenders prior to signing this Agreement.

 


(g) A capacity legal opinion of LaBarge Weinstein LLP, legal advisers to the Company in Canada substantially in the form distributed to the Lenders prior to signing this Agreement.

 


(h) A capacity legal opinion of Cuatrecasas, Gonçalves Pereira S.L.P., legal advisers to the Company in Spain substantially in the form distributed to the Lenders prior to signing this Agreement.

 


3. Other documents and evidence

 


(a) A duly executed copy of this Agreement and each Fee Letter to be entered to into on or about the date of this Agreement.

 


(b) A copy of the structure chart for the Group.

 


(c) Confirmation that Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. owns not less than 90 per cent. of the issued shares in the Company.

 

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(d) The Prospectus.

 


(e) Any document requested by a Lender in respect of its “know your customer” or similar procedures in respect of the Borrowers and the Continuing Obligors.

 


(f) Evidence that any fees, costs and expenses then due from the Company under the Amended Agreement have been or will be paid in full.

 


(g) The audited consolidated financial statements of the Company and its Subsidiaries for the financial year ended 31 December 2018.

 

14

 

SCHEDULE 3

 

Form of Amended Agreement

 

15

 

 

CLIFFORD CHANCE LLP

 

£267,500,000 and €307,625,000

 

FACILITIES AGREEMENT

 

dated 2 November 2017 as amended pursuant to amendment letters from the Company to the Agent dated 9 August 2019 and 12 November 2019 and as amended and restated pursuant to an amendment and restatement agreement dated _9_ March 2020

 

for

 

JUST EAT LIMITED (formerly known as Just Eat Plc)

 

arranged by

 

ABN AMRO BANK N.V., BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL DESIGNATED ACTIVITY COMPANY, BARCLAYS BANK PLC, BNP PARIBAS, GOLDMAN SACHS BANK USA, HSBC UK BANK PLC, ING BANK N.V., COÖPERATIEVE RABOBANK U.A., BANK OF CHINA LIMITED, LONDON BRANCH, NATIONAL WESTMINSTER BANK PLC, ROYAL BANK OF CANADA and RAIFFEISEN BANK INTERNATIONAL AG

 

with

 

HSBC BANK PLC

acting as agent

 

 

 

MULTICURRENCY REVOLVING FACILITIES AGREEMENT

 


 

CONTENTS

     
Clause Page
   
1. Definitions and Interpretation 2
2. The Facilities 37
3. Purpose 43
4. Conditions of Utilisation 43
5. Utilisation 46
6. Optional Currencies 49
7. Repayment 51
8. Prepayment and Cancellation 52
9. Interest 58
10. Interest Periods 59
11. Changes to the Calculation of Interest 59
12. Fees 62
13. Tax Gross Up and Indemnities 64
14. Increased Costs 75
15. Other Indemnities 77
16. Mitigation by the Lenders 79
17. Costs and Expenses 79
18. Guarantee and Indemnity 81
19. Representations 90
20. Information Undertakings 94
21. Financial Covenants 98
22. General Undertakings 103
23. Events of Default 109
24. Changes to the Lenders 114
25. Changes to the Obligors 120
26. Role of the Agent, the Arranger and the Reference Banks 124
27. Conduct of business by the Finance Parties 135
28. Sharing among the Finance Parties 136
29. Payment Mechanics 138
30. Set-off 142
31. Notices 142
32. Calculations and Certificates 145
33. Partial Invalidity 145

 


 

34. Remedies and Waivers 146
35. Amendments and Waivers 146
36. Confidential Information 150
37. Confidentiality of Funding Rates and Reference Bank Quotations 155
38. Counterparts 156
39. Contractual Recognition of Bail-in 157
40. Governing Law 159
41. Enforcement 159
  Schedule 1 The Original Parties 161
  Part I The Original Obligors 161
  Part II The Original Lenders 162
  Schedule 2 Conditions Precedent 163
  Part I Conditions Precedent to Initial Utilisation 163
  Part II Conditions Precedent required to be delivered by an Additional Obligor 167
  Schedule 3 Utilisation Request 170
  Schedule 4 Form of Transfer Certificate 171
  Schedule 5 Form of Assignment Agreement 174
  Schedule 6 Form of Accession Letter 178
  Schedule 7 Form of Resignation Letter 180
  Schedule 8 Form of Compliance Certificate 181
  Schedule 9 Timetables 183
  Schedule 10 Form of Increase Confirmation 185
  Schedule 11 Form of Accordion Increase Request 190
  Schedule 12 Form of Accordion Increase Confirmation 191
  Schedule 13 Other Benchmarks 194
  Part I CDOR – Canadian Dealer Offered Rate 194
  Part II BBSY (BID) – Australian Bank Bill Swap Reference Rate (BID) 197
  Part III CIBOR – Copenhagen Interbank Offered Rate 202

 


 

THIS AGREEMENT is dated 2 November 2017 as amended pursuant to amendment letters from the Company to the Agent dated 9 August 2019 and 12 November 2019 and as amended and restated pursuant to an amendment and restatement agreement dated _9_ March 2020 and made between:

 

(1) JUST EAT LIMITED (the “Company”);

 

(2) THE SUBSIDIARIES of the Company listed in Part I of Schedule 1 (The Original Parties) as original borrowers (together with the Company the “Original Borrowers”);

 

(3) THE SUBSIDIARIES of the Company listed in Part I of Schedule 1 (The Original Parties) as original guarantors (together with the Company the “Original Guarantors”);

 

(4) ABN AMRO BANK N.V., BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL DESIGNATED ACTIVITY COMPANY, BARCLAYS BANK PLC, BNP PARIBAS, GOLDMAN SACHS BANK USA, HSBC UK BANK PLC,1 ING BANK N.V. and COÖPERATIEVE RABOBANK U.A. as mandated lead arrangers and bookrunners, BANK OF CHINA LIMITED, LONDON BRANCH, NATIONAL WESTMINSTER BANK PLC and ROYAL BANK OF CANADA as mandated lead arrangers, RAIFFEISEN BANK INTERNATIONAL AG as lead arranger, and BNP PARIBAS as documentation agent (whether acting individually or together the “Arranger”);

 

(5) THE FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS listed in Part II of Schedule 1 (The Original Parties) as lenders (the “Original Lenders”); and

 

(6) HSBC BANK PLC as agent of the other Finance Parties (the “Agent”).

 

IT IS AGREED as follows:

 

 

1 In accordance with a ring-fencing order made by the High Court on 21 May 2018 under Part VII of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, various assets and liabilities of HSBC Bank plc, including the facility originally made available pursuant to the original Facility Agreement, were transferred to HSBC UK Bank plc with effect from 1 July 2018.

 

1

 

SECTION 1

INTERPRETATION

 

1. DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATION

 

1.1 Definitions

 

In this Agreement:

 

Acceding Takeaway Entities” has the meaning given to that term in Clause 25.7 (Takeaway Accessions).

 

Acceptable Bank” means:

 

(a) a Lender;

 

(b) a bank or financial institution which has a rating for its long-term unsecured and non credit-enhanced debt obligations of A- or higher by Standard & Poor’s Rating Services or Fitch Ratings Ltd or A3 or higher by Moody’s Investors Service Limited or a comparable rating from an internationally recognised credit rating agency; or

 

(c) any other bank or financial institution approved by the Agent (acting on the instructions of the Majority Lenders) such approval not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed.

 

Accession Letter” means a document substantially in the form set out in Schedule 6 (Form of Accession Letter).

 

Accordion Increase Amount” means, in respect of an Accordion Increase Request, the amount of the increase in the Facility A1 Commitments and/or Facility A2 Commitments requested in that Accordion Increase Request.

 

Accordion Increase Confirmation” means a confirmation substantially in the form set out in Schedule 12 (Form of Accordion Increase Confirmation).

 

Accordion Increase Date” has the meaning given to it in Clause 2.3 (Accordion Option).

 

Accordion Increase Lender” has the meaning given to it in Clause 2.3 (Accordion Option).

 

Accordion Increase Request” means a request substantially in the form set out in Schedule 11 (Form of Accordion Increase Request).

 

Accounting Principles” means:

 

(a) for the purposes of:

 

(i) Clause 20.3 (Requirements as to financial statements) in respect of the Company’s consolidated financial statements; and

 

2

 

(ii) the financial covenants set out in Clause 21.2 (Financial condition) when tested by reference to the Company’s consolidated financial statements (and any reference to the Accounting Principles in Clause 21.1 (Financial definitions) for the purposes of that testing or Clause 21.3 (Financial testing)), generally accepted accounting principles in the United Kingdom, including IFRS; and

 

(b) for the purposes of:

 

(i) Clause 20.3 (Requirements as to financial statements) in respect of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V.’s consolidated financial statements; and

 

(ii) the financial covenants set out in Clause 21.2 (Financial condition) when tested by reference to Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V.’s consolidated financial statements (and any reference to the Accounting Principles in Clause 21.1 (Financial definitions) for the purposes of that testing or Clause 21.3 (Financial testing)),

 

generally accepted accounting principles in the Netherlands, including IFRS.

 

Additional Borrower” means a company which becomes an Additional Borrower in accordance with Clause 25 (Changes to the Obligors).

 

Additional Guarantor” means a company which becomes an Additional Guarantor in accordance with Clause 25 (Changes to the Obligors).

 

Additional Obligor” means an Additional Borrower or an Additional Guarantor.

 

Adjusted EBITDA” has the meaning given to that term in Clause 21.1 (Financial definitions).

 

Affiliate” means, in relation to any person, a Subsidiary of that person or a Holding Company of that person or any other Subsidiary of that Holding Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in relation to The Royal Bank of Scotland plc or National Westminster Bank plc, the term “Affiliate” shall not include (i) the United Kingdom government or any member or instrumentality thereof, including Her Majesty’s Treasury and UK Financial Investments Limited (or any directors, officers, employees or entities thereof) or (ii) any persons or entities controlled by or under common control with the United Kingdom government or any member or instrumentality thereof (including Her Majesty’s Treasury and UK Financial Investments Limited) and which are not part of The Royal Bank of Scotland Group plc and its subsidiaries or subsidiary undertakings.

 

Agent’s Spot Rate of Exchange” means:

 

(a) the Agent’s spot rate of exchange; or

 

(b) (if the Agent does not have an available spot rate of exchange) any other publicly available spot rate of exchange selected by the Agent (acting reasonably),

 

3

 

for the purchase of the relevant currency with the applicable Base Currency in the London foreign exchange market at or about 11:00 a.m. on a particular day.

 

Amendment and Restatement Agreement” means the amendment and restatement agreement dated 9 March 2020 between (among others) the Company and the Agent pursuant to which this Agreement was amended and restated on the Effective Date.

 

Assignment Agreement” means an agreement substantially in the form set out in Schedule 5 (Form of Assignment Agreement) or any other form agreed between the relevant assignor and assignee.

 

Australia” means the Commonwealth of Australia (and “Australian” shall be construed accordingly).

 

Australian Code of Banking Practice” means the Banking Code of Practice 2019, as amended, revised or amended and restated from time to time.

 

Australian Corporations Act” means the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) of Australia.


Australian Obligor” means any Obligor with an Original Jurisdiction of Australia.


Authorisation” means an authorisation, consent, approval, resolution, licence, exemption, filing, notarisation or registration.

 

Availability Period” means the period from and including the date of this Agreement to and including the date falling one month prior to the Termination Date.

 

Available Commitment” means, in relation to a Facility, a Lender’s Commitment under that Facility minus (subject as set out below):

 

(a) the Base Currency Amount of its participation in any outstanding Loans under that Facility; and

 

(b) in relation to any proposed Utilisation, the Base Currency Amount of its participation in any other Loans that are due to be made under that Facility on or before the proposed Utilisation Date.

 

For the purposes of calculating a Lender’s Available Commitment in relation to any proposed Utilisation under a Facility, that Lender’s participation in any Loans under that Facility that are due to be repaid or prepaid on or before the proposed Utilisation Date shall not be deducted from that Lender’s Commitment under that Facility.

 

Available Facility” means, in relation to a Facility, the aggregate for the time being of each Lender’s Available Commitment in respect of that Facility.

 

Base Currency” means:

 

(a) in respect of Facility A1, sterling; and

 

(b) in respect of Facility A2, euro.

 

4

 

Base Currency Amount” means in relation to a Loan, the amount specified in the Utilisation Request delivered by a Borrower for that Loan (or, if the amount requested is not denominated in the applicable Base Currency, that amount converted into the applicable Base Currency at the Agent’s Spot Rate of Exchange on the date which is three Business Days before the Utilisation Date or, if later, on the date the Agent receives the Utilisation Request) as adjusted in all cases to reflect any repayment or prepayment of a Utilisation.

 

Benchmark Rate” means, in relation to any Loan in a Non-LIBOR Currency:

 

(a) the applicable Screen Rate as of the Specified Time for the currency of that Loan and for a period equal in length to the Interest Period of that Loan; or

 

(b) as otherwise determined pursuant to Clause 11.1 (Unavailability of Screen Rate),

 

and if, in either case, that rate is less than zero, the Benchmark Rate shall be deemed to be zero.

 

Borrower” means an Original Borrower or an Additional Borrower unless it has ceased to be a Borrower in accordance with Clause 25 (Changes to the Obligors).

 

Brazil JV” means IF-JE S.A. and/or IF-JE Holdings BV and/or any successor entity, replacement entity or other joint venture entity through which the Group conducts business in Brazil or holds any interest in any entity organised, existing or established in Brazil.

 

Break Costs” means the amount (if any) by which:

 

(a) the interest (excluding the Margin) which a Lender should have received for the period from the date of receipt of all or any part of its participation in a Loan or Unpaid Sum to the last day of the current Interest Period in respect of that Loan or Unpaid Sum, had the principal amount or Unpaid Sum received been paid on the last day of that Interest Period;

 

exceeds:

 

(b) the amount which that Lender would be able to obtain by placing an amount equal to the principal amount or Unpaid Sum received by it on deposit with a leading bank for a period starting on the Business Day following receipt or recovery and ending on the last day of the current Interest Period.

 

Business Day” means a day (other than a Saturday or Sunday) on which banks are open for general business in London and (on and from the date all Takeaway Accessions have occurred) Amsterdam and:

 

(a) (in relation to any date for payment or purchase of a currency other than euro or a Non-LIBOR Currency) the principal financial centre of the country of that currency;

 

(b) (in relation to any date for payment or purchase of euro) any TARGET Day; or

 

5

 

(c) (in relation to any date for payment or purchase of (or the fixing of an interest rate in relation to) a Non-LIBOR Currency) any day specified as such in respect of that currency in Schedule 13 (Other Benchmarks).

 

Cash Equivalent Investments” has the meaning given to that term in Clause 21.1 (Financial definitions).

 

CMA Approval” means the approval of the Competition and Markets Authority of the Combination.

 

Code” means the US Internal Revenue Code of 1986.

 

Combination” means the all-share combination of the Company and Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., implemented by way of a takeover offer and which was declared wholly unconditional on 31 January 2020. For the purposes of this Agreement, the Combination shall be treated as having completed on 7 February 2020 (and “completion” and “completed” shall be construed accordingly).

 

Commitment” means a Facility A1 Commitment or a Facility A2 Commitment.

 

Compliance Certificate” means a certificate substantially in the form set out in Schedule 8 (Form of Compliance Certificate.

 

Confidential Information” means all information relating to Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., the Company, any Obligor, the Group, the Finance Documents or a Facility of which a Finance Party becomes aware in its capacity as, or for the purpose of becoming, a Finance Party or which is received by a Finance Party in relation to, or for the purpose of becoming a Finance Party under, the Finance Documents or a Facility from either:

 

(a) any member of the Group or any of its advisers; or

 

(b) another Finance Party, if the information was obtained by that Finance Party directly or indirectly from any member of the Group or any of its advisers,

 

in whatever form, and includes information given orally and any document, electronic file or any other way of representing or recording information which contains or is derived or copied from such information but excludes:

 

(i) information that:

 

(A) is or becomes public information other than as a direct or indirect result of any breach by that Finance Party of Clause 36 (Confidential Information); or

 

(B) is identified in writing at the time of delivery as non- confidential by any member of the Group or any of its advisers; or

 

(C) is known by that Finance Party before the date the information is disclosed to it in accordance with paragraphs (a) or (b) above or is lawfully obtained by that Finance Party after that date,

 

6

 

from a source which is, as far as that Finance Party is aware, unconnected with the Group and which, in either case, as far as that Finance Party is aware, has not been obtained in breach of, and is not otherwise subject to, any obligation of confidentiality; and

 

(ii) any Funding Rate or any Reference Bank Quotation.

 

Confidentiality Undertaking” means a confidentiality undertaking substantially in a recommended form of the LMA from time to time or in any other form agreed between the Company and the Agent.

 

CTA” means the UK Corporation Tax Act 2009.

 

Default” means an Event of Default or any event or circumstance specified in Clause 23 (Events of Default) which would (with the expiry of a grace period, the giving of notice, the making of any determination under the Finance Documents or any combination of any of the foregoing) be an Event of Default.

 

Defaulting Lender” means any Lender:

 

(a) which has failed to make its participation in a Loan available (or has notified the Agent or the Company (which has notified the Agent) that it will not make its participation in a Loan available) by the Utilisation Date of that Loan in accordance with Clause 5.4 (Lenders’ participation);

 

(b) which has otherwise rescinded or repudiated a Finance Document; or

 

(c) with respect to which an Insolvency Event has occurred and is continuing, unless, in the case of paragraph (a) above:

 

(i) its failure to pay is caused by:

 

(A) administrative or technical error; or

 

(B) a Disruption Event,

 

and payment is made within five Business Days of its due date; or

 

(ii) the Lender is disputing in good faith whether it is contractually obliged to make the payment in question.

 

Disruption Event” means either or both of:

 

(a) a material disruption to those payment or communications systems or to those financial markets which are, in each case, required to operate in order for payments to be made in connection with a Facility (or otherwise in order for the transactions contemplated by the Finance Documents to be carried out) which disruption is not caused by, and is beyond the control of, any of the Parties; or

 

7

 

(b) the occurrence of any other event which results in a disruption (of a technical or systems-related nature) to the treasury or payments operations of a Party preventing that, or any other Party:

 

(i) from performing its payment obligations under the Finance Documents; or

 

(ii) from communicating with other Parties in accordance with the terms of the Finance Documents,

 

and which (in either such case) is not caused by, and is beyond the control of, the Party whose operations are disrupted.

 

Dutch Borrower” means a Borrower incorporated in The Netherlands.


Dutch Civil Code” means the Dutch Civil Code (Burgerlijk Wetboek).


Dutch Obligor” means an Obligor incorporated in The Netherlands.


Effective Date” has the meaning given to that term in the Amendment and Restatement Agreement.

 

Eligible Institution” means any Lender, Affiliate of a Lender or other bank, financial institution, trust, fund or other entity selected by the Company and which, in each case, is not a member of the Group.

 

EURIBOR” means, in relation to any Loan in euro:

 

(a) the applicable Screen Rate as of the Specified Time for euro and for a period equal in length to the Interest Period of that Loan; or

 

(b) as otherwise determined pursuant to Clause 11.1 (Unavailability of Screen Rate),

 

and if, in either case, that rate is less than zero, EURIBOR shall be deemed to be zero.

 

Event of Default” means any event or circumstance specified as such in Clause 23 (Events of Default).

 

Existing Facilities” means the revolving credit facilities provided pursuant to a revolving credit facilities agreement originally dated 13 March 2015 (as amended and restated on 16 December 2016) and entered into between, among others, the Company and Barclays Bank PLC as agent.

 

Facility” means Facility A1 and Facility A2.

 

Facility A1” means the sterling revolving loan facility made available under this Agreement as described in paragraph (a) of Clause 2.1 (The Facilities).

 

Facility A1 Commitment” means:

 

8

 

(a) in relation to an Original Lender, the amount in the applicable Base Currency set opposite its name under the heading “Facility A1 Commitment” in Part II of Schedule 1 (The Original Parties) and the amount of any other Facility A1 Commitment transferred to it under this Agreement or assumed by it in accordance with Clause 2.2 (Increase) or Clause 2.3 (Accordion Option); and

 

(b) in relation to any other Lender, the amount in the applicable Base Currency of any Facility A1 Commitment transferred to it under this Agreement or assumed by it in accordance with Clause 2.2 (Increase) or Clause 2.3 (Accordion Option),

 

to the extent not cancelled, reduced or transferred by it under this Agreement.

 

Facility A1 Loan” means a loan made or to be made under Facility A1 or the principal amount outstanding for the time being of that loan.

 

Facility A2” means the euro revolving loan facility made available under this Agreement as described in paragraph (b) of Clause 2.1 (The Facilities).

 

Facility A2 Commitment” means:

 

(a) in relation to an Original Lender, the amount in the applicable Base Currency set opposite its name under the heading “Facility A2 Commitment” in Part II of Schedule 1 (The Original Parties) and the amount of any other Facility A2 Commitment transferred to it under this Agreement or assumed by it in accordance with Clause 2.2 (Increase) or Clause 2.3 (Accordion Option); and

 

(b) in relation to any other Lender, the amount in the applicable Base Currency of any Facility A2 Commitment transferred to it under this Agreement or assumed by it in accordance with Clause 2.2 (Increase) or Clause 2.3 (Accordion Option),

 

to the extent not cancelled, reduced or transferred by it under this Agreement.

 

Facility A2 Loan” means a loan made or to be made under Facility A2 or the principal amount outstanding for the time being of that loan.

 

Facility Office” means the office or offices notified by a Lender to the Agent in writing on or before the date it becomes a Lender (or, following that date, by not less than five Business Days’ written notice) as the office or offices through which it will perform its obligations under this Agreement

 

Fallback Interest Period” means one week or, if the Loan is in a Non-LIBOR Currency, the period specified as such in respect of that currency in Schedule 13 (Other Benchmarks) or such other period as the Company and the Agent (acting on the instructions of all of the Lenders) may agree.

 

FATCA” means:

 

(a) sections 1471 to 1474 of the Code or any associated regulations;

 

9

 

(b) any treaty, law or regulation or official interpretations thereof of any other jurisdiction, or relating to an intergovernmental agreement between the US and any other jurisdiction, which (in either case) facilitates the implementation of any law or regulation referred to in paragraph (a) above; or

 

(c) any agreement pursuant to the implementation of any treaty, law or regulation referred to in paragraphs (a) or (b) above with the US Internal Revenue Service, the US government or any governmental or taxation authority in any other jurisdiction.

 

FATCA Application Date” means:

 

(a) in relation to a “withholdable payment” described in section 1473(1)(A)(i) of the Code (which relates to payments of interest and certain other payments from sources within the US), 1 July 2014; or

 

(b) in relation to a “passthru payment” described in section 1471(d)(7) of the Code not falling within paragraph (a) above, the first date from which such payment may become subject to a deduction or withholding required by FATCA.

 

FATCA Deduction” means a deduction or withholding from a payment under a Finance Document required by FATCA.

 

FATCA Exempt Party” means a Party that is entitled to receive payments free from any FATCA Deduction.

 

Fee Letter” means:

 

(a) any letter or letters dated on or about the date of this Agreement or prior to or on or about the date of the Amendment and Restatement Agreement between the Arranger and the Company (or the Agent and the Company) setting out any of the fees referred to in Clause 12 (Fees); and

 

(b) any other agreement setting out fees payable to a Finance Party referred to in Clause 2.2 (Increase), Clause 2.3 (Accordion Option) or Clause 5.6 (Extension Option).

 

Finance Document” means this Agreement, any Fee Letter, any Accession Letter, any Resignation Letter, any Accordion Increase Request, any Accordion Increase Confirmation, any Increase Confirmation, the amendment letter from the Company to the Agent dated 9 August 2019, the amendment letter from the Company to the Agent dated 12 November 2019, the Amendment and Restatement Agreement and any other document designated as such by the Agent and the Company.

 

Finance Party” means the Agent, the Arranger or a Lender.

 

Financial Indebtedness” means (without double counting) any indebtedness for or in respect of:

 

(a) moneys borrowed;

 

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(b) any amount raised by acceptance under any acceptance credit facility or dematerialised equivalent;

 

(c) any amount raised pursuant to any note purchase facility or the issue of bonds, notes, debentures, loan stock or any similar debt instrument;

 

(d) the amount of any liability in respect of any lease or hire purchase contract which would, in accordance with IFRS, be treated as a balance sheet liability (other than any liability in respect of a lease or hire purchase contract which would, in accordance with IFRS in force as at the date of this Agreement, have been treated as an operating lease);

 

(e) receivables sold or discounted (other than any receivables to the extent they are sold on a non-recourse basis);

 

(f) any amount raised under any other transaction (including any forward sale or purchase agreement) required by IFRS to be shown as a borrowing in the audited consolidated balance sheet of the Parent;

 

(g) any derivative transaction entered into in connection with protection against or benefit from fluctuation in any rate or price (and, when calculating the value of any derivative transaction, only the marked to market value (or, if any actual amount is due as a result of the termination or close-out of that derivative transaction, that amount) shall be taken into account as at the relevant date on which Financial Indebtedness is calculated);

 

(h) any amount raised by the issue of redeemable preference shares which are redeemable prior to the Termination Date; and

 

(i) any counter-indemnity obligation in respect of a guarantee, indemnity, bond, standby or documentary letter of credit or any other instrument issued by a bank or financial institution in respect of an underlying liability which would fall within one of the preceding paragraphs of this definition;

 

(j) the amount of any liability in respect of any guarantee or indemnity for any of the items referred to in the preceding paragraphs of this definition,

 

but excluding indebtedness owing by a member of the Group to another member of the Group.

 

Financial Year” means the annual accounting period of the Group ending on 31 December in each year.

 

Funding Rate” means any individual rate notified by a Lender to the Agent pursuant to paragraph (a)(ii) of Clause 11.4 (Cost of funds).

 

Germany” means the Federal Republic of Germany.

 

German Group Member” means a member of the Group with an Original Jurisdiction of Germany.

 

German Guarantor” means a Guarantor with an Original Jurisdiction of Germany.

 

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Group” means:

 

(a) for the purposes of:

 

(i) the financial covenants set out in Clause 21.2 (Financial condition) when tested by reference to the Company’s consolidated financial statements (and any reference to the Group in Clause 21.1 (Financial definitions) for the purposes of that testing); and

 

(ii) the definition of “Material Subsidiary” below when tested by reference to the Compliance Certificate supplied by to the Agent in respect of the Company’s consolidated financial statements,

 

the Company and its Subsidiaries for the time being; and

 

(b) for all other purposes (subject to paragraph (f) of Clause 22.8 (Guarantors)), the Parent and its Subsidiaries for the time being.

 

Group Structure Chart” means the structure chart for the Group delivered pursuant to Clause 4.1 (Initial conditions precedent).

 

Guarantor” means an Original Guarantor or an Additional Guarantor, unless it has ceased to be a Guarantor in accordance with Clause 25 (Changes to the Obligors).

 

Holding Company” means, in relation to a person, any other person in respect of which it is a Subsidiary.

 

IFRS” means international accounting standards within the meaning of the IAS Regulation 1606/2002 to the extent applicable to the relevant financial statements.

 

Impaired Agent” means the Agent at any time when:

 

(a) it has failed to make (or has notified a Party that it will not make) a payment required to be made by it under the Finance Documents by the due date for payment;

 

(b) the Agent otherwise rescinds or repudiates a Finance Document;

 

(c) (if the Agent is also a Lender) it is a Defaulting Lender under paragraph (a) or (b) of the definition of “Defaulting Lender”; or

 

(d) an Insolvency Event has occurred and is continuing with respect to the Agent; unless, in the case of paragraph (a) above:

 

(i) its failure to pay is caused by:

 

(A) administrative or technical error; or

 

(B) a Disruption Event; and

 

payment is made within five Business Days of its due date; or

 

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(ii) the Agent is disputing in good faith whether it is contractually obliged to make the payment in question.

 

Increase Confirmation” means a confirmation substantially in the form set out in Schedule 10 (Form of Increase Confirmation).

 

Increase Lender” has the meaning given to that term in Clause 2.2 (Increase).


Industrial Competitor” means:

 

(a) any person or entity whose business is substantially similar or in competition with that carried out by the Group taken as a whole; or

 

(b) any person or entity that it is an Affiliate of or is acting (in relation to a Facility) on behalf of a person who falls within paragraph (a) above,

 

provided that, notwithstanding the foregoing, a person who falls within paragraph (b) above shall not be an Industrial Competitor if its ownership of (or other rights in respect of) the issued and/or voting share capital of any person falling within paragraph (a) above is administered by persons operating behind appropriate information barriers implemented or maintained as required by law, regulation or internal policy and, in any event, to the extent required to ensure that such administration is independent from such person’s interests under the Finance Documents and any information provided under the Finance Documents is not (or is not capable of being) disclosed or otherwise made available to any person(s) operating behind such information barrier.

 

Insolvency Event” in relation to an entity means that the entity:

 

(a) is dissolved (other than pursuant to a consolidation, amalgamation or merger);

 

(b) becomes insolvent or is unable to pay its debts or fails or admits in writing its inability generally to pay its debts as they become due;

 

(c) makes a general assignment, arrangement or composition with or for the benefit of its creditors;

 

(d) institutes or has instituted against it, by a regulator, supervisor or any similar official with primary insolvency, rehabilitative or regulatory jurisdiction over it in the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organisation or the jurisdiction of its head or home office, a proceeding seeking a judgment of insolvency or bankruptcy or any other relief under any bankruptcy or insolvency law or other similar law affecting creditors’ rights, or a petition is presented for its winding-up or liquidation by it or such regulator, supervisor or similar official, or a reconstruction (in Danish: rekonstruktion);

 

(e) has exercised in respect of it one or more of the stabilisation powers pursuant to Part 1 of the Banking Act 2009 and/or has instituted against it a bank insolvency proceeding pursuant to Part 2 of the Banking Act 2009 or a bank administration proceeding pursuant to Part 3 of the Banking Act 2009;

 

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(f) has instituted against it a proceeding seeking a judgment of insolvency or bankruptcy or any other relief under any bankruptcy or insolvency law or other similar law affecting creditors’ rights, or a petition is presented for its winding-up or liquidation, and, in the case of any such proceeding or petition instituted or presented against it, such proceeding or petition is instituted or presented by a person or entity not described in paragraph (d) above and:

 

(i) results in a judgment of insolvency or bankruptcy or the entry of an order for relief or the making of an order for its winding-up or liquidation; or

 

(ii) is not dismissed, discharged, stayed or restrained in each case within 30 days of the institution or presentation thereof;

 

(g) has a resolution passed for its winding-up, official management or liquidation (other than pursuant to a consolidation, amalgamation or merger);

 

(h) has exercised in respect of it one or more of the stabilisation, early intervention or resolution powers pursuant to:

 

(i) the Central Bank and Credit Institutions (Resolution) Act 2011 (or analogous legislation in any applicable jurisdiction); or

 

(ii) Directive 2014/59/EU (“BRRD”) as transposed into the law of its jurisdiction of establishment or (where it is a “Union branch” as that term is defined in the BRRD) the law of any EU Member State (and, if relevant, any EEA Member State) in which that branch operates;

 

(i) an examiner (or an interim examiner) is appointed or a petition is presented to appoint an examiner (or an interim examiner) to it or the protection of the courts is sought by it;

 

(j) seeks or becomes subject to the appointment of an administrator, provisional liquidator, conservator, receiver, trustee, custodian, reconstructor (in Danish: rekonstruktør) or other similar official for it or for all or substantially all its assets (other than for so long as it is required by law or regulation not to be publicly disclosed, any such appointment which is to be made, or is made, by a person or entity described in paragraph (d) above);

 

(k) has a secured party take possession of all or substantially all its assets or has a distress, execution, attachment, sequestration or other legal process levied, enforced or sued on or against all or substantially all its assets and such secured party maintains possession, or any such process is not dismissed, discharged, stayed or restrained, in each case within 30 days thereafter;

 

(l) causes or is subject to any event with respect to it which, under the applicable laws of any jurisdiction, has an analogous effect to any of the events specified in paragraphs (a) to (k) above; or

 

(m) takes any action in furtherance of, or indicating its consent to, approval of, or acquiescence in, any of the foregoing acts.

 

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Intellectual Property” means:

 

(a) any patents, trade marks, service marks, designs, business names, copyrights, database rights, design rights, domain names, moral rights, inventions, confidential information, knowhow and other intellectual property rights and interests (which may now or in the future subsist), whether registered or unregistered; and

 

(b) the benefit of all applications and rights to use such assets of each member of the Group (which may now or in the future subsist).

 

Interest Period” means, in relation to a Loan, each period determined in accordance with Clause 10 (Interest Periods) and, in relation to an Unpaid Sum, each period determined in accordance with Clause 9.3 (Default interest).

 

Interpolated Screen Rate” means, in relation to any Loan, the rate (rounded to the same number of decimal places as the two relevant Screen Rates) which results from interpolating on a linear basis between:

 

(a) the applicable Screen Rate for the longest period (for which that Screen Rate is available) which is less than the Interest Period of that Loan; and

 

(b) the applicable Screen Rate for the shortest period (for which that Screen Rate is available) which exceeds the Interest Period of that Loan,

 

each as of the Specified Time for the currency of that Loan.


Ireland” means the island of Ireland, excluding Northern Ireland.


Irish Companies Act” means the Companies Act 2014 of Ireland.


Irish Obligor” means an Obligor with an Original Jurisdiction of Ireland.


ITA” means the UK Income Tax Act 2007.


Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V.” means Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., a public limited liability company (naamloze vennootschap) incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands, with its seat in Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

 

Legal Reservations” means:

 

(a) the principle that equitable remedies may be granted or refused at the discretion of a court and the limitation of enforcement by laws relating to insolvency, reorganisation and other laws generally affecting creditors;

 

(b) the time barring of claims under the Limitation Acts, the possibility that an undertaking to assume liability for or indemnify a person against non-payment of United Kingdom stamp duty may be void and defences of set-off or counterclaim;

 

(c) similar principles, rights and defences under any applicable law; and

 

15

 

(d) any other matters that are set out as qualifications or reservations as to matters of law of general application in any legal opinion delivered pursuant to Clause 4.1 (Initial conditions precedent), Clause 25 (Changes to the Obligors) or clause 2 (Conditions Precedent) of the Amendment and Restatement Agreement.

 

Lender” means:

 

(a) any Original Lender; and

 

(b) any bank, financial institution, trust, fund or other entity which has become a Party as a “Lender” in accordance with Clause 2.2 (Increase), Clause 2.3 (Accordion Option) or Clause 24 (Changes to the Lenders),

 

which in each case has not ceased to be a Party as such in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.

 

LIBOR” means, in relation to any Loan:

 

(a) the applicable Screen Rate as of the Specified Time for the currency of that Loan and for a period equal in length to the Interest Period of that Loan; or

 

(b) as otherwise determined pursuant to Clause 11.1 (Unavailability of Screen Rate),

 

and if, in either case, that rate is less than zero, LIBOR shall be deemed to be zero.

 

Limitation Acts” means the Limitation Act 1980 and the Foreign Limitation Periods Act 1984.

 

LMA” means the Loan Market Association.

 

Loan” means a Facility A1 Loan or a Facility A2 Loan.

 

Majority Lenders” means, on any date, a Lender or Lenders whose Commitments aggregate 662/3 per cent. or more of the Total Commitments (or, if the Total Commitments have been reduced to zero, aggregated 662/3 per cent. or more of the Total Commitments immediately prior to that reduction), provided that for these purposes the Facility A2 Commitments shall be translated into sterling at the Agent’s Spot Rate of Exchange on that date.

 

Margin” means:

 

(a) on and from the Effective Date, 0.75 per cent. per annum; and

 

(b) on and from the date all Takeaway Accessions have occurred until the date which is five Business Days after receipt by the Agent of the Compliance Certificate pursuant to Clause 20.2 (Compliance Certificate) for the first Relevant Period that ends on or after the date that all Takeaway Accessions have occurred, 1.20 per cent. per annum;

 

provided that (subject to paragraphs (a) and (b) above), if:

 

16 

(i) no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing; and

 

(ii) the ratio of Total Net Debt to Adjusted EBITDA in respect of the most recently completed Relevant Period or the first Relevant Period that ends on or after the date that all the Takeaway Accessions have occurred (as applicable) is within a range set out below,

 

then the Margin for each Loan will be the percentage per annum set out below in the column opposite the Total Net Debt to Adjusted EBITDA ratio (as shown by the Compliance Certificate delivered by the Company to the Agent) in respect of the most recently completed Relevant Period (or, if applicable, the first Relevant Period that ends on or after the date that all the Takeaway Accessions have occurred):

 

Total Net Debt

to Adjusted EBITDA

 

Margin per cent. per annum

Greater than or equal to 2.5:1 1.35
Greater than or equal to 2.0:1 but less than 2.5:1

 

1.20

Greater than or equal to 1.5:1 but less than 2.0:1

 

1.05

Greater than or equal to 1.0:1 but less than 1.5:1

 

0.90

Less than 1.0:1 0.75

However:

 

(a) any increase or decrease in the Margin for a Loan made or Interest Period commencing shall only take effect on the date which is five Business Days after receipt by the Agent of the Compliance Certificate for that Relevant Period pursuant to Clause 20.2 (Compliance Certificate);

 

(b) if, following receipt by the Agent of the Compliance Certificate in respect of the audited Financial Statements delivered pursuant to Clause 20.1(a) (Financial Statements), that Compliance Certificate shows that a higher Margin should have applied during a certain period, then the Company shall promptly pay to the Agent (for the account of the Lenders) any amounts necessary to put the Agent and the Lenders in the position they would have been in had the appropriate rate of the Margin determined in accordance with the table above applied during such period;

 

(c) while an Event of Default is continuing or when a Compliance Certificate is due but has not been provided, the Margin for a Loan made or Interest Period commencing shall be the highest percentage per annum set out above for that Loan and, once that Event of Default has been cured or waived, the Margin

 

17 

shall immediately revert back to the rate which would have otherwise been applicable in accordance with the above; and

 

(d) for the purpose of determining the Margin, “Total Net Debt”, “Adjusted EBITDA” and “Relevant Period” shall be determined in accordance with Clause 21.1 (Financial definitions).

 

Material Adverse Effect” means a material adverse effect on:

 

(a) the business or financial condition of the Group taken as a whole;

 

(b) the ability of the Obligors to perform their payment obligations under the Finance Documents;

 

(c) the ability of the Parent to comply with the financial covenants set out in Clause 21.2 (Financial condition); or

 

(d) the validity or enforceability of any Finance Document or the rights or remedies of any Finance Party under any Finance Document.

 

Material Subsidiary” means:

 

(a) in respect of Clause 22.8 (Guarantors) and Clause 25.7 (Takeaway Accessions) only, at any time, a wholly-owned Subsidiary of the Parent which has gross Revenue or earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (calculated on the same basis as Underlying EBITDA, as defined in Clause 21 (Financial covenants) and excluding all intra-Group items) representing 10 per cent. or more of consolidated gross Revenue or Underlying EBITDA as defined in Clause 21 (Financial covenants); and

 

(b) in respect of each other reference to Material Subsidiary in this Agreement, at any time, a member of the Group which has gross Revenue or earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (calculated on the same basis as Underlying EBITDA, as defined in Clause 21 (Financial covenants) and excluding all intra-Group items) representing 10 per cent. or more of consolidated gross Revenue or Underlying EBITDA as defined in Clause 21 (Financial covenants).

 

Compliance with the condition set out above shall be determined by reference to the most recent Compliance Certificate supplied by the Company and/or the latest audited financial statements of that Subsidiary and the latest audited consolidated financial statements of the Group and, in each case, shall be tested on an unconsolidated basis. A report by the auditors of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. or the Company (as applicable) that a Subsidiary is or is not a Material Subsidiary shall, in the absence of manifest error, be conclusive and binding on all Parties.

 

Month” means a period starting on one day in a calendar month and ending on the numerically corresponding day in the next calendar month, except that:

 

(a) (subject to paragraphs (c) and (d) below) if the numerically corresponding day is not a Business Day, that period shall end on the next Business Day in that

 

18 

calendar month in which that period is to end if there is one, or if there is not, on the immediately preceding Business Day;

 

(b) if there is no numerically corresponding day in the calendar month in which that period is to end, that period shall end on the last Business Day in that calendar month;

 

(c) (subject to paragraph (d) below) if an Interest Period begins on the last Business Day of a calendar month, that Interest Period shall end on the last Business Day in the calendar month in which that Interest Period is to end; and

 

(d) in relation to an Interest Period for any Loan (or any other period for the accrual of commission or fees) in a Non-LIBOR Currency for which there are rules specified as Business Day Conventions in respect of that currency in Schedule 13 (Other Benchmarks), those rules shall apply.

 

The above rules will only apply to the last Month of any period.

 

New Lender” has the meaning given to that term in Clause 24 (Changes to the Lenders).

 

Non-LIBOR Currency” means Canadian Dollars, Danish Krone and Australian Dollars.

 

Non-Obligor” means a member of the Group that is not an Obligor. “Obligor” means a Borrower or a Guarantor.


Obligor means a Borrower or a Guarantor.

 

Obligors’ Agent” means the Company, appointed to act on behalf of each Obligor in relation to the Finance Documents pursuant to Clause 2.5 (Obligors’ Agent).

 

OFAC” means the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the US Department of the Treasury.

 

Optional Currency” means a currency (other than the applicable Base Currency) which complies with the conditions set out in Clause 4.3 (Conditions relating to Optional Currencies).

 

Original Financial Statements” means:

 

(a) in relation to the Company, the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company and its Subsidiaries for the financial year ended 31 December 2018; and

 

(b) in relation to Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., the audited consolidated financial statements of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. and its Subsidiaries for the financial year ended 31 December 2018.

 

Original Jurisdiction” means, in relation to an Obligor, the jurisdiction under whose laws that Obligor is incorporated as at the date of this Agreement or, in the case of the Acceding Obligors (as defined in the Amendment and Restatement Agreement), the jurisdiction under whose laws that Acceding Obligor is incorporated

 

19 

as at the Signing Date (ARA) or, in the case of an Additional Obligor, the jurisdiction under whose laws that Additional Obligor is incorporated as at the date on which that Additional Obligor becomes Party as a Borrower or a Guarantor (as the case may be).

 

Original Obligor” means an Original Borrower or an Original Guarantor.

 

Participating Member State” means any member state of the European Union that has the euro as its lawful currency in accordance with legislation of the European Union relating to Economic and Monetary Union.

 

Parent” means:

 

(a) at all times prior to the date all the Takeaway Accessions have occurred, the Company; and

 

(b) on and from the date all the Takeaway Accessions have occurred, Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V..

 

Party” means a party to this Agreement.

 

Permitted Disposal” means any sale, lease, licence, transfer or other disposal:

 

(a) made in the ordinary course of business of the disposing entity;

 

(b) of assets in exchange for other assets comparable or superior as to type, value and quality;

 

(c) by any member of the Group to another member of the Group;

 

(d) constituting the payment of cash for any purpose not prohibited by any Finance Document;

 

(e) on arm’s length terms of assets no longer required for the Group’s business;

 

(f) of Cash Equivalent Investments for cash or in exchange for other Cash Equivalent Investments;

 

(g) constituted by a licence of intellectual property rights;

 

(h) arising as a result of or in connection with any Permitted Security;

 

(i) of the Brazil JV or any shares, interests or units in the Brazil JV; and

 

(j) of assets (including for the avoidance of doubt, shares in any Subsidiary), the aggregate net proceeds (after deducting any reasonable expenses incurred, and any Tax incurred and required to be paid by the seller, in each case, in connection with the relevant disposal) of the disposal of which do not exceed (when aggregated with the net proceeds of any other disposal under this paragraph (j) in the same Financial Year) 20 per cent. of consolidated Adjusted EBITDA of the Group (calculated by reference to the Compliance Certificate most recently delivered pursuant to Clause 20.2 (Compliance

 

20 

Certificate) prior to such disposal and the related Relevant Period) in each Financial Year.

 

Permitted Financial Indebtedness” means Financial Indebtedness:

 

(a) arising under any treasury transaction or foreign exchange transaction entered into by a member of the Group for the purposes of:

 

(i) hedging any risk to which any member of the Group is exposed in its ordinary course of business; or

 

(ii) its interest rate or currency management operations which are carried out in the ordinary course of business and for non-speculative purposes only;

 

(b) of any person acquired by a member of the Group after the date of this Agreement which is incurred under arrangements in existence at the date of acquisition, but not incurred or its maximum principal amount increased or having its maturity date extended in contemplation of, or since, that acquisition, and outstanding only for a period of six months following the date of acquisition;

 

(c) in the form of deferred consideration incurred in connection with any acquisition not prohibited under the Finance Documents;

 

(d) on and from the date all the Takeaway Accessions have occurred, arising under a declaration of joint and several liability used for the purpose of Section 2:403 of the Dutch Civil Code (and any residual liability under such declaration arising pursuant to Section 2:404(2) of the Dutch Civil Code), to the extent the primary obligation constitutes Financial Indebtedness permitted by any other paragraph of this definition;

 

(e) under finance or capital leases of vehicles, plant, equipment or computers, provided that the aggregate outstanding Financial Indebtedness in respect of the capital value of all such items so leased under outstanding leases by members of the Group does not exceed €35,000,000 (or its equivalent in any other currency) at any time; and

 

(f) not permitted by the preceding paragraphs and the outstanding principal amount of which (together with any other Financial Indebtedness incurred under this paragraph (f)) does not exceed €35,000,000 (or its equivalent in any other currency) at any time.

 

Permitted Security” means:

 

(a) any lien arising by operation of law and in the ordinary course of business;

 

(b) any netting or set-off arrangement entered into by any member of the Group in the ordinary course of its banking arrangements for the purpose of netting debit and credit balances of members of the Group;

 

21 

(c) any Security or Quasi-Security in connection with any treasury transaction or foreign exchange transaction entered into by a member of the Group for the purposes of:

 

(i) hedging any risk to which any member of the Group is exposed in its ordinary course of business; or

 

(ii) its interest rate or currency management operations which are carried out in the ordinary course of business and for non-speculative purposes only;

 

(d) any Security or Quasi-Security over or affecting any asset acquired by a member of the Group after the date of this Agreement if:

 

(i) the Security or Quasi-Security was not created in contemplation of the acquisition of that asset by a member of the Group;

 

(ii) the maximum principal amount secured has not been increased in contemplation of or since the acquisition of that asset by a member of the Group; and

 

(iii) the Security or Quasi-Security is removed or discharged within six months of the date of acquisition of such asset;

 

(e) any Security or Quasi-Security over or affecting any asset of any company which becomes a member of the Group after the date of this Agreement, where the Security or Quasi-Security is created prior to the date on which that company becomes a member of the Group if:

 

(i) the Security or Quasi-Security was not created in contemplation of the acquisition of that company;

 

(ii) the maximum principal amount secured has not increased in contemplation of or since the acquisition of that company; and

 

(iii) the Security or Quasi-Security is removed or discharged within six months of that company becoming a member of the Group;

 

(f) any Security or Quasi-Security created pursuant to any Finance Document;

 

(g) any Security or Quasi-Security arising under any retention of title, hire purchase or conditional sale arrangement or arrangements having similar effect in respect of goods supplied to a member of the Group in the ordinary course of business;

 

(h) any Quasi-Security arising as a result of a disposal which is a Permitted Disposal;

 

(i) any Security or Quasi-Security arising pursuant to or in connection with any finance or capital lease that constitutes Financial Indebtedness that is not prohibited under the Finance Documents;

 

22 

(j) on and from the date all the Takeaway Accessions have occurred, any Security or Quasi-Security arising pursuant to the general terms and conditions (algemene voorwaarden) of any member of the Dutch Bankers’ Association (Nederlandse Vereniging van Banken) or any foreign equivalent thereof and any lien arising under the general terms and conditions of banks or saving banks with whom any member of the Group maintains a banking relationship in the ordinary course of business;

 

(k) on and from the date all the Takeaway Accessions have occurred, any Security or Quasi-Security created or subsisting in order to comply with section 8a of the German Partial Retirement Act (Altersteilzeitgesetz) or pursuant to section 7e of the German Social Law Act No. 4 (Sozialgesetzbuch IV);

 

(l) any Security or Quasi-Security arising under or in respect of a rent deposit deed that is entered into on arm’s length terms and in the ordinary course of business to secure the obligations of a member of the Group in relation to a property leased by a member of the Group; and

 

(m) any Security or Quasi-Security securing indebtedness the outstanding principal amount of which (when aggregated with the outstanding principal amount of any other indebtedness which has the benefit of Security given by any member of the Group other than any permitted under the preceding paragraphs) does not exceed €35,000,000 (or its equivalent in any other currency) in aggregate at any time.

 

PPSA” means the Personal Property Securities Act 2009 (Cth) of Australia.

 

Prospectus” means the prospectus dated 22 October 2019 published by Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. and sponsored by Merrill Lynch International (as supplemented by supplements dated 20 November 2019, 30 December 2019, 29 January 2020 and 13 February 2020) in connection with (among other things) the admission to the premium listing segment of the Official List maintained by the Financial Conduct Authority and to trading on the London Stock Exchange plc’s main market for listed securities of the ordinary shares in the share capital of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V..

 

Quasi-Security” has the meaning given to that term in Clause 22.4 (Negative pledge).

 

Quotation Day” means, in relation to any period for which an interest rate is to be determined:

 

(a)

 

(i) (if the currency is sterling) the first day of that period;

 

(ii) (if the currency is euro) two TARGET Days before the first day of that period; or

 

(iii) (for any other currency (other than a Non-LIBOR Currency)) two Business Days before the first day of that period,

 

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(unless market practice differs in the Relevant Market for that currency, in which case the Quotation Day for that currency will be determined by the Agent in accordance with market practice in the Relevant Market (and if quotations would normally be given on more than one day, the Quotation Day will be the last of those days)); or

 

(b) (if the currency is a Non-LIBOR Currency) the day specified as such in respect of that currency in Schedule 13 (Other Benchmarks).

 

Reference Bank Quotation” means any quotation supplied to the Agent by a Reference Bank.

 

Reference Bank Rate” means the arithmetic mean of the rates (rounded upwards to four decimal places) as supplied to the Agent at its request by the Reference Banks:

 

(a) in relation to LIBOR either:

 

(i) if:

 

(A) the Reference Bank is a contributor to the applicable Screen Rate; and

 

(B) it consists of a single figure,

 

the rate (applied to the relevant Reference Bank and the relevant currency and period) which contributors to the applicable Screen Rate are asked to submit to the relevant administrator; or

 

(ii) in any other case, the rate at which the relevant Reference Bank could fund itself in the relevant currency for the relevant period with reference to the unsecured wholesale funding market; or

 

(b) in relation to EURIBOR:

 

(i) (other than where paragraph (ii) below applies) as the rate at which the relevant Reference Bank believes one prime bank is quoting to another prime bank for interbank term deposits in euro within the Participating Member States for the relevant period; or

 

(ii) if different, as the rate (if any and applied to the relevant Reference Bank and the relevant period) which contributors to the applicable Screen Rate are asked to submit to the relevant administrator; or

 

(c) in relation to a Benchmark Rate for a Loan in a Non-LIBOR Currency, the rate specified as such in respect of that currency in Schedule 13 (Other Benchmarks).

 

Reference Banks” means such entities as may be appointed by the Agent in consultation with the Company, provided that such entities have agreed to the appointment.

 

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Related Fund” in relation to a fund (the “first fund”), means a fund which is managed or advised by the same investment manager or investment adviser as the first fund or, if it is managed by a different investment manager or investment adviser, a fund whose investment manager or investment adviser is an Affiliate of the investment manager or investment adviser of the first fund.

 

Relevant Market” means:

 

(a) in relation to euro, the European interbank market;

 

(b) in relation to a Non-LIBOR Currency, the market specified as such in respect of that currency in Schedule 13 (Other Benchmarks); and

 

(c) in relation to any other currency, the London interbank market.

 

Relevant Nominating Body” means any applicable central bank, regulator or other supervisory authority or a group of them, or any working group or committee sponsored or chaired by, or constituted at the request of, any of them or the Financial Stability Board.

 

Repeating Representations” means each of the representations set out in Clauses

19.1 (Status) to 19.6 (Governing law and enforcement), paragraph (a) of Clause 19.9 (No default), Clause 19.11 (Intellectual Property), Clause 19.13 (Pari passu ranking), Clause 19.15 (Sanctions) and Clause 19.16 (Anti-Corruption).

 

Replacement Benchmark” means a benchmark rate which is:

 

(a) formally designated, nominated or recommended as the replacement for a Screen Rate by:

 

(i) the administrator of that Screen Rate (provided that the market or economic reality that such benchmark rate measures is the same as that measured by that Screen Rate); or

 

(ii) any Relevant Nominating Body,

 

and if replacements have, at the relevant time, been formally designated, nominated or recommended under both paragraphs, the “Replacement Benchmark” will be the replacement under paragraph (ii) above;

 

(b) in the opinion of the Majority Lenders and the Parent, generally accepted in the international or any relevant domestic syndicated loan markets as the appropriate successor to a Screen Rate; or

 

(c) in the opinion of the Majority Lenders and the Parent, an appropriate successor to a Screen Rate.

 

Representative” means any delegate, agent, manager, administrator, nominee, attorney, trustee or custodian.

 

Resignation Letter” means a letter substantially in the form set out in Schedule 7 (Form of Resignation Letter).

 

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Restricted Party” means a person that is:

 

(a) listed on, owned or controlled by a person listed on, a Sanctions List, or a person acting on behalf of such a person;

 

(b) located in or organized under the laws of a country or territory that is the subject of country-wide or territory-wide Sanctions, or a Person who is owned or controlled by, or acting on behalf of such a person; or

 

(c) otherwise the subject of Sanctions.

 

Revenues” means the amount shown in the line entitled “Revenue” in (or otherwise extracted from) the latest financial statements of the Parent delivered to the Agent pursuant to Clause 20.1 (Financial statements) for the Relevant Period to which those financial statements relate.

 

Rollover Loan” means one or more Loans:

 

(a) made or to be made on the same day that a maturing Loan is due to be repaid;

 

(b) the aggregate amount of which is equal to or less than the amount of the maturing Loan;

 

(c) in the same currency as the maturing Loan (unless it arose as a result of the operation of Clause 6.2 (Unavailability of a currency)); and

 

(d) made or to be made to the same Borrower for the purpose of refinancing that maturing Loan.

 

Sanctions” means any trade, economic or financial sanctions laws, regulations, embargoes or restrictive measures administered, enacted or enforced by a Sanctions Authority.

 

Sanctions Authority” means:

 

(a) the Security Council of the United Nations;

 

(b) the United States of America;

 

(c) the European Union;

 

(d) the United Kingdom;

 

(e) Canada;

 

(f) Australia; and

 

(g) the governments and official institutions or governmental agencies of any of those listed in paragraphs (a) to (f) (inclusive) above, including OFAC, the US Department of State, the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade and Her Majesty’s Treasury or any additional, successor, or replacement of any such institution or agency.

 

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Sanctions List” means the Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List, the Foreign Sanctions Evaders (FSE) List and the Sectoral Sanctions Identification List, in each case maintained by OFAC, the Consolidated List of Financial Sanctions Targets maintained by Her Majesty’s Treasury, the Consolidated List maintained by the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, or any similar list maintained by, or public pronouncement of a Sanctions designation made by, a Sanctions Authority each as amended, supplemented or substituted from time to time.

 

Screen Rate” means:

 

(a) in relation to LIBOR, the London interbank offered rate administered by ICE Benchmark Administration Limited (or any other person which takes over the administration of that rate) for the relevant currency and period displayed (before any correction, recalculation or republication by the administrator) on pages LIBOR01 or LIBOR02 of the Thomson Reuters screen (or any replacement Thomson Reuters page which displays that rate);

 

(b) in relation to EURIBOR, the euro interbank offered rate administered by the European Money Markets Institute (or any other person which takes over the administration of that rate) for the relevant period displayed (before any correction, recalculation or republication by the administrator) on page EURIBOR01 of the Thomson Reuters screen (or any replacement Thomson Reuters page which displays that rate),

 

or, in each case, on the appropriate page of such other information service which publishes that rate from time to time in place of Thomson Reuters. If such page or service ceases to be available, the Agent may specify another page or service displaying the relevant rate after consultation with the Company; and

 

(c) in relation to a Benchmark Rate, the rate specified as such in respect of the relevant currency in Schedule 13 (Other Benchmarks).

 

Screen Rate Replacement Event” means, in relation to a Screen Rate:

 

(a) the methodology, formula or other means of determining that Screen Rate has, in the opinion of the Majority Lenders and the Parent, materially changed;
     
  (b)  
     
    (i)

(A) the administrator of that Screen Rate or its supervisor publicly announces that such administrator is insolvent; or

 

(B) information is published in any order, decree, notice, petition or filing, however described, of or filed with a court, tribunal, exchange, regulatory authority or similar administrative, regulatory or judicial body which reasonably confirms that the administrator of that Screen Rate is insolvent,

 

provided that, in each case, at that time, there is no successor administrator to continue to provide that Screen Rate;

 

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(ii) the administrator of that Screen Rate publicly announces that it has ceased or will cease, to provide that Screen Rate permanently or indefinitely and, at that time, there is no successor administrator to continue to provide that Screen Rate;

 

(iii) the supervisor of the administrator of that Screen Rate publicly announces that such Screen Rate has been or will be permanently or indefinitely discontinued; or

 

(iv) the administrator of that Screen Rate or its supervisor announces that that Screen Rate may no longer be used; or

 

(c) the administrator of that Screen Rate determines that that Screen Rate should be calculated in accordance with its reduced submissions or other contingency or fallback policies or arrangements and either:

 

(i) the circumstance(s) or event(s) leading to such determination are not (in the opinion of the Majority Lenders and the Parent) temporary; or

 

(ii) that Screen Rate is calculated in accordance with any such policy or arrangement for a period no less than one month; or

 

(d) in the opinion of the Majority Lenders and the Parent, that Screen Rate is otherwise no longer appropriate for the purposes of calculating interest under this Agreement.

 

Security” means a mortgage, charge, pledge, lien or other security interest securing any obligation of any person or any other agreement or arrangement having the effect of creating a security interest (and excluding, for the avoidance of doubt, any set-off right).

 

Separate Loan” has the meaning given to that term in Clause 7.1 (Repayment of Loans)

 

Signing Date (ARA)” means the date of the Amendment and Restatement Agreement.

 

Spanish Civil Code” means the Spanish Civil Code (Real Decreto de 24 de julio de 1889 por el que se publica el Código Civil).

 

“Spanish Civil Procedural Law” means the Spanish Law 1/2000 of 7 January (Ley 1/2000 de 7 de enero de Enjuiciamiento Civil).

 

Spanish Commercial Code” means the Royal Decree of 22 August 1885 (Código de Comercio).

 

Spanish Companies Act” means the Royal Decree of 1/2010 of 2 July (Ley de Sociedades de Capital).

 

Spanish Insolvency Law” Spanish Law 22/2003, dated 9 July on Insolvency (Ley 22/2003, de 9 de julio, Concursal).

 

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Spanish Public Document” means a Spanish law notarial deed (documento público), being either an escritura pública or a póliza o efecto intervenido por notario español.

 

Spanish Obligor” means an Obligor which is incorporated in Spain.

 

Specified Time” means a day or time determined in accordance with Schedule 9 (Timetables).

 

Subsidiary” means, in relation to any company, corporation or other legal entity (a “holding company”), a company, corporation or other legal entity:

 

(a) which is controlled, directly or indirectly, by the holding company;

 

(b) in which a majority of the voting rights are held by the holding company, either alone or pursuant to an agreement with others;

 

(c) more than half the issued share capital of which is beneficially owned, directly or indirectly, by the holding company; or

 

(d) which is a subsidiary of another Subsidiary of the holding company,

 

and, for this purpose, a company, corporation or other legal entity shall be treated as being controlled by another if that other company, corporation or other legal entity is able to determine the composition of the majority of its board of directors or equivalent body.

 

Takeaway Accessions” means the Acceding Takeaway Entities becoming Additional Obligors pursuant to Clause 25.2 (Additional Borrowers), Clause 25.4 (Additional Guarantors) and/or Clause 25.7 (Takeaway Accessions) (as applicable).

 

TARGET2” means the Trans-European Automated Real-time Gross Settlement Express Transfer payment system which utilises a single shared platform and which was launched on 19 November 2007.

 

TARGET Day” means any day on which TARGET2 is open for the settlement of payments in euro.

 

Tax” means any tax, levy, impost, duty or other charge or withholding of a similar nature (including any penalty or interest payable in connection with any failure to pay or any delay in paying any of the same).

 

Termination Date” means, subject to Clause 5.6 (Extension Option), the date falling five years after the Signing Date (ARA).

 

Total Commitments” means, subject to any increase pursuant to Clause 2.3 (Accordion Option), the aggregate of the Total Facility A1 Commitments and the Total Facility A2 Commitments.

 

Total Facility A1 Commitments” means, subject to any increase pursuant to Clause 2.3 (Accordion Option), the aggregate of the Total Facility A1 Commitments, being £267,500,000 at the Effective Date.

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Total Facility A2 Commitments” means, subject to any increase pursuant to Clause 2.3 (Accordion Option), the aggregate of the Total Facility A2 Commitments, being €307,625,000 at the Effective Date.

 

Transfer Certificate” means a certificate substantially in the form set out in Schedule 4 (Form of Transfer Certificate) or any other form agreed between the Agent and the Company.

 

Transfer Date” means, in relation to an assignment or a transfer, the later of:

 

(a) the proposed Transfer Date specified in the relevant Assignment Agreement or Transfer Certificate; and

 

(b) the date on which the Agent executes the relevant Assignment Agreement or Transfer Certificate.

 

UK Borrower” means a Borrower incorporated in the United Kingdom.

 

Underlying EBITDA” has the meaning given to that term in Clause 21.1 (Financial definitions).

 

Unpaid Sum” means any sum due and payable but unpaid by an Obligor under the Finance Documents.

 

US” means the United States of America.

 

Utilisation” means a utilisation of a Facility.

 

Utilisation Date” means the date of a Utilisation, being the date on which a Loan is to be made.

 

Utilisation Request” means a notice substantially in the form set out in Schedule 3 (Requests).

 

VAT” means:

 

(a) any tax imposed in compliance with the Council Directive of 28 November 2006 on the common system of value added tax (EC Directive 2006/112); and

 

(b) any other tax of a similar nature, whether imposed in a member state of the European Union in substitution for, or levied in addition to, such tax referred to in paragraph (a) above, or imposed elsewhere.

 

1.2 Construction

 

(a) Unless a contrary indication appears any reference in this Agreement to:

 

(i) the “Agent”, the “Arranger”, any “Finance Party”, any “Lender”, any “Obligor” or any “Party” shall be construed so as to include its successors in title, permitted assigns and permitted transferees to, or of, its rights and/or obligations under the Finance Documents;

 

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(ii) assets” includes present and future properties, revenues and rights of every description;

 

(iii) the “date of this Agreement” means 2 November 2017;

 

(iv) the “equivalent” in any currency (the “first currency”) of any amount in another currency (the “second currency”) shall be construed as a reference to the amount in the first currency which could be purchased with that amount in the second currency at the Agent’s Spot Rate of Exchange for the purchase of the first currency with the second currency in the London foreign exchange market at or about 11:00 a.m. on a particular day (or at or about such time and on such date as the Agent may from time to time reasonably determine to be appropriate in the circumstances) and references in this Agreement to an amount in the first currency shall be construed to include references to equivalent amounts in any second currency;

 

(v) guarantee” means (other than in Clause 18 (Guarantee and Indemnity)) any guarantee, letter of credit, bond, indemnity or similar assurance against loss, or any obligation, direct or indirect, actual or contingent, to purchase or assume any indebtedness of any person or to make an investment in or loan to any person or to purchase assets of any person where, in each case, such obligation is assumed in order to maintain or assist the ability of such person to meet its indebtedness;

 

(vi) a “Finance Document” or any other agreement or instrument is a reference to that Finance Document or other agreement or instrument as amended, novated, supplemented, extended, replaced or restated;

 

(vii) a “group of Lenders” includes all the Lenders;

 

(viii) indebtedness” includes any obligation (whether incurred as principal or as surety) for the payment or repayment of money, whether present or future, actual or contingent;

 

(ix) a “person” includes any individual, firm, company, corporation, government, state or agency of a state or any association, trust, joint venture, consortium, partnership or other entity (whether or not having separate legal personality);

 

(x) a “regulation” includes any regulation, rule, official directive, request or guideline (whether or not having the force of law, but if not, compliance with which is customary for entities or persons engaged in the same business as the entity or person to which it relates) of any governmental, intergovernmental or supranational body, agency, department or of any regulatory, self-regulatory or other authority or organisation;

 

(xi) a provision of law is a reference to that provision as amended or re-enacted from time to time; and

 

31 

(xii) a time of day is a reference to London time.

 

(b) The determination of the extent to which a rate is “for a period equal in length” to an Interest Period shall disregard any inconsistency arising from the last day of that Interest Period being determined pursuant to the terms of this Agreement.

 

(c) Section, Clause and Schedule headings are for ease of reference only.

 

(d) Unless a contrary indication appears, a term used in any other Finance Document or in any notice given under or in connection with any Finance Document has the same meaning in that Finance Document or notice as in this Agreement.

 

(e) A Default (other than an Event of Default) is “continuing” if it has not been remedied or waived and an Event of Default is “continuing” if it has not been remedied or waived.

 

1.3 Currency symbols and definitions

 

$”, “USD” and “dollars” denote the lawful currency of the United States of America, “£”, “GBP” and “sterling” denote the lawful currency of the United Kingdom, “”, “EUR” and “euro” denote the single currency of the Participating Member States, “CAD” and “Canadian Dollars” denote the lawful currency of Canada, “DKK” and “Danish Krone” denote the lawful currency of the Kingdom of Denmark, “CHF” and “Swiss Francs” denote the lawful currency of Switzerland and “AUD” and “Australian Dollars” denote the lawful currency of Australia.

 

1.4 Third party rights

 

(a) Unless expressly provided to the contrary in a Finance Document, a person who is not a Party has no right under the Contracts (Rights of Third Parties) Act 1999 (the “Third Parties Act”) to enforce or to enjoy the benefit of any term of this Agreement.

 

(b) Subject to Clause 35.3 (Other exceptions) but otherwise notwithstanding any term of any Finance Document, the consent of any person who is not a Party is not required to rescind or vary this Agreement at any time.

 

1.5 Australian Terms

 

(a) The Parties agree that the Australian Code of Banking Practice does not apply to the Finance Documents and the transactions under them.

 

(b) In this Agreement, a reference to “inability to pay its debts as they fall due” will, in relation to any Australian Obligor, be deemed to include that Australian Obligor to the extent that it is:

 

(i) taken (under section 459F(1) of the Australian Corporations Act) to have failed to comply with a statutory demand; or

 

32 

(ii) the subject of an event described in section 459C(2)(b) or section 585 of the Australian Corporations Act.

 

(c) In paragraph (c) of Clause 23.8 (Insolvency proceedings), a reference to “other similar officer” shall, in relation to any Australian Obligor, be deemed to include a controller (as defined in the Australian Corporations Act).

 

(d) In this Agreement, a reference to “security interest” includes any “security interest” as defined in section 12(1) or 12(2) of the Personal Property Securities Act 2009 (Cth) of Australia.

 

1.6 German Terms

 

In this Agreement, where it relates to a German Guarantor or an entity having its centre of main interest (as defined in Article 3(1) regulation No. 2015/848 on insolvency proceeding (recast), as amended, of the European Parliament and of the Council of the European Union Regulation (EU)) in Germany and unless the contrary intention appears, a reference to:

 

(a) a “winding-up”, “administration” or “dissolution” (and each of these terms) includes any action taken by a competent court set out in section 21 of the German Insolvency Code (Insolvenzordnung) or where a competent court institutes or rejects (for reason of insufficiency of its funds to implement such proceedings (Abweisung mangels Masse)) insolvency proceedings against it (Eröffnung des Insolvenzverfahrens);

 

(b) a person being “insolvent” or “bankrupt” includes that person being in the state of Zahlungsunfähigkeit pursuant to section 17 of the German Insolvency Code (Insolvenzordnung) or in the state of Überschuldung pursuant to section 19 of the German Insolvency Code (Insolvenzordnung);

 

(c) a person being “unable to pay its debts” includes that person being in a state of Zahlungsunfähigkeit pursuant to section 17 of the German Insolvency Code (Insolvenzordnung);

 

(d) a “receiver”, “liquidator”, “administrator”, “administrative receiver” includes an Insolvenzverwalter, a preliminary insolvency administrator (Vorläufiger Insolvenzverwalter), a Zwangsverwalter, a custodian or creditor’s trustee (Sachwalter) or a preliminary custodian or creditor’s trustee (vorläufiger Sachwalter);

 

(e) a “director” includes any statutory legal representative(s) (organschaftlicher Vertreter), a managing director (Geschäftsführer) or member of the board of directors (Vorstand); and

 

(f) insolvency proceedings” includes any insolvency proceedings (Insolvenzverfahren) pursuant to the German Insolvency Code (Insolvenzordnung).

 

1.7 Irish Terms

 

In this Agreement, where it relates to an Irish Obligor, a reference to:

 

33 

(a) inability to pay its debts” will be deemed to mean inability to pay its debts within the meaning of Section 570 of the Irish Companies Act; and

 

(b) the term “examiner” shall have the meaning given to it in Section 508 of the Irish Companies Act and the term “examinership” shall be construed in accordance with the Irish Companies Act.

 

1.8 Spanish terms

 

In this Agreement, where it relates to a Spanish entity, a reference to:

 

(a) an “insolvency proceeding” includes a declaración de concurso, con independencia de su carácter necesario o voluntario, (including, with respect to a member of the Group incorporated in Spain, any notice to a competent court pursuant to article 5 bis of the Spanish Insolvency Law and its solicitud de inicio de procedimiento de concurso, auto de declaración de concurso, convenio judicial o extrajudicial con acreedores and transacción judicial o extrajudicial”);

 

(b) a “winding-up”, “administration” or “dissolution” includes, without limitation, disolución, liquidación, procedimiento concursal or any other similar proceedings;

 

(c) a “receiver”, “administrative receiver”, “administrator” or the like includes, without limitation, administración del concurso or any other person performing the same function;

 

(d) a “composition”, “compromise”, “assignment” or “arrangement with any creditor” includes the celebration of a convenio de acreedores within the context of a concurso;

 

(e) a “matured obligation” includes, without limitation, any crédito líquido, vencido y exigible;

 

(f) security” includes, without limitation, any prenda, hipoteca and any other garantía real or other transaction having the same effect as each of the foregoing; and

 

(g) a person being unable to pay its debts includes that person being in a state of insolvencia or concurso as provided for in the Spanish Insolvency Law

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1.9 Luxembourg terms

 

In this Agreement, where it relates to an Obligor whose “centre of main interests” within the meaning of The Council of the European Union Regulation No. 2015/848 on Insolvency Proceedings (recast) is in Luxembourg and/or whose place of the central administration (siège de l’administration centrale) within the meaning of the Luxembourg law of 10 August 1915 on commercial companies, as amended, is in Luxembourg (such a person, a “Luxembourg Person”), and unless the contrary intention appears, a reference to:

 

(a) moratorium of any indebtedness”, “winding-up”, “dissolution”, “administration”, “reorganisation” or “composition” includes without limitation bankruptcy (faillite), insolvency, voluntary or judicial liquidation (liquidation volontaire ou judiciare), composition with creditors (concordat préventif de faillite), moratorium or reprieve from payment (sursis de paiement), controlled management (gestion contrôlée), fraudulent conveyance (actio pauliana), general settlement with creditors, re-organisation or similar laws affecting the rights of creditors generally;

 

(b) liquidator”, “receiver”, “administrative receiver”, “administrator” or the like includes, without limitation a juge délégué, expert-vérificateur commissaire, juge-commissaire, liquidateur or curateur;

 

(c) a Security includes any hypothèque, nantissement, gage, privilege, sȗreté réelle, droit de retention and any type of real security or agreement or arrangement having a similar effect and any transfer of title by way of security;

 

(d) a Luxembourg Person being “unable or admits inability to pay its debts as they fall due”, includes without limitation that Luxembourg Person being in a state of cessation of payments (cessation de paiements) or having lost its creditworthiness (ébranlement de credit);

 

(e) a reference to “director” includes, without limitation, a reference to a manager (gérant);

 

(f) constitutional documents” includes, without limitation, its up-to-date articles of association (statuts consolidés);

 

(g) creditors process” means an executory attachment (saise executoire) or conservatory attachment (saise conservatoire); and

 

(h) a “set-off” includes, for the purposes of Luxembourg law, legal set-off.

 

1.10 Dutch terms

 

In this Agreement, where it relates to a Dutch Obligor, a reference to:

 

(a) a necessary action to authorise, where applicable, includes without limitation:

 

(i) any action required to comply with the Dutch Works Council Act (Wet op de ondernemingsraden); and

 

35 

(ii) obtaining positive or neutral advice (advies) from the competent works council(s) provided such advice:

 

(A) is unconditional; or

 

(B) only contains conditions which can reasonably be expected to be satisfied without resulting in:

 

(1) non-compliance by any Obligor with any of the term of any Finance Document; or

 

(2) any representation or statement made or deemed to be made by an Obligor in any Finance Document or any other document delivered by or on behalf of any Obligor under or in connection with any Finance Document being or proving to have been incorrect or misleading;

 

(b) a winding-up, administration or dissolution includes a Dutch Obligor being:

 

(i) declared bankrupt (failliet verklaard);

 

(ii) dissolved (ontbonden);

 

(c) a moratorium includes surseance van betaling and granted a moratorium includes surseance verleend;

 

(d) a liquidator includes a curator;

 

(e) an administrator includes a bewindvoerder;

 

(f) a receiver or an administrative receiver does not include a curator or bewindvoerder; and

 

(g) an attachment includes a beslag.

 

36 

 

SECTION 2

THE FACILITIES

 

2. THE FACILITIES

 

2.1 The Facilities

 

Subject to the terms of this Agreement, the Lenders make available to the Borrowers:

 

(a) a multicurrency revolving loan facility in an aggregate amount equal to the Total Facility A1 Commitments; and

 

(b) a multicurrency revolving loan facility in an aggregate amount equal to the Total Facility A2 Commitments.

 

2.2 Increase

 

(a) The Company may by giving prior notice to the Agent by no later than the date falling 90 days after the effective date of a cancellation of:

 

(i) the Available Commitments of a Defaulting Lender in accordance with paragraph (g) of Clause 8.5 (Right of replacement or repayment and cancellation in relation to a single Lender); or

 

(ii) the Commitments of a Lender in accordance with:

 

(A) Clause 8.1 (Illegality); or

 

(B) paragraph (a) of Clause 8.5 (Right of replacement or repayment and cancellation in relation to a single Lender),

 

request that the Commitments relating to any Facility be increased (and the Commitments relating to that Facility shall be so increased) in an aggregate amount in the applicable Base Currency of up to the amount of the Available Commitments or Commitments relating to that Facility so cancelled as follows:

 

(iii) the increased Commitments will be assumed by one or more Eligible Institutions (each an “Increase Lender”) each of which confirms in writing (whether in the relevant Increase Confirmation or otherwise) its willingness to assume and does assume all the obligations of a Lender corresponding to that part of the increased Commitments which it is to assume, as if it had been an Original Lender in respect of those Commitments;

 

(iv) each of the Obligors and any Increase Lender shall assume obligations towards one another and/or acquire rights against one another as the Obligors and the Increase Lender would have assumed and/or acquired had the Increase Lender been an Original Lender in respect of that part of the increased Commitments which it is to assume;

 

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(v) each Increase Lender shall become a Party as a “Lender” and any Increase Lender and each of the other Finance Parties shall assume obligations towards one another and acquire rights against one another as that Increase Lender and those Finance Parties would have assumed and/or acquired had the Increase Lender been an Original Lender in respect of that part of the increased Commitments which it is to assume;

 

(vi) the Commitments of the other Lenders shall continue in full force and effect; and

 

(vii) any increase in the Commitments relating to a Facility shall take effect on the date specified by the Company in the notice referred to above or any later date on which the Agent executes an otherwise duly completed Increase Confirmation delivered to it by the relevant Increase Lender.

 

(b) The Agent shall, subject to paragraph (c) below, as soon as reasonably practicable after receipt by it of a duly completed Increase Confirmation appearing on its face to comply with the terms of this Agreement and delivered in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, execute that Increase Confirmation.

 

(c) The Agent shall only be obliged to execute an Increase Confirmation delivered to it by an Increase Lender once it is satisfied it has complied with all necessary “know your customer” or other similar checks under all applicable laws and regulations in relation to the assumption of the increased Commitments by that Increase Lender.

 

(d) Each Increase Lender, by executing the Increase Confirmation, confirms (for the avoidance of doubt) that the Agent has authority to execute on its behalf any amendment or waiver that has been approved by or on behalf of the requisite Lender or Lenders in accordance with this Agreement on or prior to the date on which the increase becomes effective in accordance with this Agreement and that it is bound by that decision to the same extent as it would have been had it been an Original Lender.

 

(e) The Company shall, promptly on demand, pay the Agent the amount of all costs and expenses (including legal fees) reasonably incurred by it in connection with any increase in Commitments under this Clause 2.2.

 

(f) The Increase Lender shall, on the date upon which the increase takes effect, pay to the Agent (for its own account) a fee in an amount equal to the fee which would be payable under Clause 24.4 (Assignment or transfer fee) if the increase was a transfer pursuant to Clause 24.6 (Procedure for transfer) and if the Increase Lender was a New Lender.

 

(g) The Company may pay to the Increase Lender a fee in the amount and at the times agreed between the Company and the Increase Lender in a letter between the Company and the Increase Lender setting out that fee. A reference in this Agreement to a Fee Letter shall include any letter referred to in this paragraph (g).

 

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(h) Neither the Agent nor any Lender shall have any obligation to find an Increase Lender and in no event shall any Lender whose Commitments are replaced by an Increase Lender be required to pay or surrender any of the fees received by such Lender pursuant to the Finance Documents.

 

(i) Clause 24.5 (Limitation of responsibility of Existing Lenders) shall apply mutatis mutandis in this Clause 2.2 in relation to an Increase Lender as if references in that Clause to:

 

(i) an “Existing Lender” were references to all the Lenders immediately prior to the relevant increase;

 

(ii) the “New Lender” were references to that “Increase Lender”; and

 

(iii) a “re-transfer” and “re-assignment” were references to respectively a “transfer” and “assignment”.

 

2.3 Accordion Option

 

(a) The Company may, by delivery to the Agent of a duly completed Accordion Increase Request prior to the date falling six months prior to the Termination Date, request that the Total Facility A1 Commitments and/or the Total Facility A2 Commitments be increased (and the Total Facility A1 Commitments and/or Total Facility A2 Commitments (as applicable) shall be so increased) as described in, and in accordance with, this Clause 2.3.

 

(b) The increase in the Total Facility A1 Commitments and/or Total Facility A2 Commitments requested in an Accordion Increase Request is subject to the following conditions:

 

(i) the increased Commitments will be assumed by one or more existing Lenders willing to provide such increase and/or by one or more other Eligible Institutions (each an “Accordion Increase Lender”) selected by the Company which shall become a Party as a Lender;

 

(ii) the Agent receives the Accordion Increase Request no later than 10 Business Days before the proposed Accordion Increase Date;

 

(iii) the Accordion Increase Amount is a minimum amount of £10,000,000 (in respect of Facility A1) or €10,000,000 (in respect of Facility A2) or any lower amount agreed to by the Agent;

 

(iv) the amount by which the Total Commitments is increased (when aggregated with the amount by which the Total Commitments have previously been increased pursuant to this Clause 2.3) (in each case, if applicable, when converted into the sterling at the Agent’s Spot Rate of Exchange on the date of the relevant increase) will not exceed £200,000,000 or any other amount agreed to by all the Lenders;

 

(v) no amendment shall be made to the Termination Date;

 

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(vi) no Default is continuing or would result from the proposed increase in the Facilities, in each case on the date of the Accordion Increase Request or the Accordion Increase Date; and

 

(vii) in respect of each Accordion Increase Lender:

 

(A) the Agent has received and executed a duly completed Accordion Increase Confirmation from that Accordion Increase Lender; and

 

(B) in relation to an Accordion Increase Lender which is not already a Lender on the date of the Accordion Increase Confirmation, the Agent has performed all necessary “know your customer” or other similar checks under all applicable laws and regulations in relation to the assumption of the additional Commitments by that Accordion Increase Lender, the completion of which the Agent shall promptly notify to the Company and the Accordion Increase Lender.

 

(c) The increase in the Total Facility A1 Commitments and/or the Total Facility A2 Commitments and the assumption of the additional Commitments by the Accordion Increase Lenders will take effect on the date (the “Accordion Increase Date”) which is the later of:

 

(i) the date proposed by the Company in the Accordion Increase Request; and

 

(ii) the date on which all of the conditions described in paragraph (b) above have been met.

 

(d) On and from the Accordion Increase Date:

 

(i) the Total Facility A1 Commitments and/or the Total Facility A2 Commitments (as applicable) will be increased by the Accordion Increase Amount; and

 

(ii) each Accordion Increase Lender will assume all the obligations of a Lender in respect of the commitment or increased commitment specified in the Accordion Increase Confirmation in respect of that Accordion Increase Lender;

 

(iii) each of the Obligors and each Accordion Increase Lender which is not a Lender immediately prior to the Accordion Increase Date shall assume obligations towards one another and/or acquire rights against one another as the Obligors and the Accordion Increase Lender would have assumed and/or acquired had the Accordion Increase Lender been an Original Lender;

 

(iv) each Accordion Increase Lender which is not a Lender immediately prior to the Accordion Increase Date shall become a Party as a “Lender” and any such Accordion Increase Lender and each of the other Finance Parties shall assume obligations towards one another and

 

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acquire rights against one another as that Accordion Increase Lender and those Finance Parties would have assumed and/or acquired had the Accordion Increase Lender been an Original Lender; and

 

(v) the Commitments of the other Lenders shall continue in full force and effect.

 

(e) Each Accordion Increase Lender, by executing the Accordion Increase Confirmation, confirms (for the avoidance of doubt) that the Agent has authority to execute on its behalf any amendment or waiver that has been approved by or on behalf of the requisite Lender or Lenders in accordance with this Agreement on or prior to the date on which the increase becomes effective.

 

(f) The Company shall, on the Accordion Increase Date, pay to the Agent (for its own account) a fee in an amount equal to the fee which would be payable under Clause 24.4 (Assignment or transfer fee) if the increase was a transfer pursuant to Clause 24.6 (Procedure for a transfer) and the Company shall promptly on demand pay to the Agent the amount of all costs and expenses (including legal fees) reasonably incurred by it in connection with any increase in the Facilities under this Clause 2.3.

 

(g) If the Termination Date has been extended pursuant to Clause 5.6 (Extension Option) prior to the Accordion Increase Date, the Termination Date applicable to the Commitments to be assumed by an Accordion Increase Lender shall be the extended Termination Date.

 

(h) The Company may pay to an Accordion Increase Lender a fee in the amount and at the times agreed between the Company and the Accordion Increase Lender in a letter between the Company and the Accordion Increase Lender setting out that fee. A reference in this Agreement to a Fee Letter shall include any letter referred to in this paragraph (h).

 

(i) No Lender shall be under any obligation to execute any Accordion Increase Confirmation.

 

(j) The Company may not request an increase in the Total Facility A1 Commitments and/or the Total Facility A2 Commitments pursuant to this Clause 2.3 more than five times.

 

(k) The Obligors acknowledge and agree that:

 

(i) the guarantees and indemnities contained in Clause 18 (Guarantee and indemnity) shall continue in full force and effect in respect of the obligations of the Obligors under the Finance Documents notwithstanding the increase in the Total Commitments (including any Accordion Increase Amount) pursuant to this Clause 2.3; and

 

(ii) the guarantees and indemnities contained in Clause 18 (Guarantee and indemnity) shall apply and extend to all of the obligations of the

 

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Obligors under the Finance Documents (including in respect of any Accordion Increase Amount).

 

(l) Clause 24.5 (Limitation of responsibility of Existing Lenders) shall apply mutatis mutandis in this Clause 2.3 in relation to an Accordion Increase Lender as if references in that Clause to:

 

(i) an “Existing Lender” were references to all the Lenders immediately prior to the relevant increase;

 

(ii) the “New Lender” were references to that “Accordion Increase Lender”; and

 

(iii) a “re-transfer” and “re-assignment” were references to respectively a “transfer” and “assignment”.”

 

2.4 Finance Parties’ rights and obligations

 

(a) The obligations of each Finance Party under the Finance Documents are several. Failure by a Finance Party to perform its obligations under the Finance Documents does not affect the obligations of any other Party under the Finance Documents. No Finance Party is responsible for the obligations of any other Finance Party under the Finance Documents.

 

(b) The rights of each Finance Party under or in connection with the Finance Documents are separate and independent rights and any debt arising under the Finance Documents to a Finance Party from an Obligor is a separate and independent debt in respect of which a Finance Party shall be entitled to enforce its rights in accordance with paragraph (c) below. The rights of each Finance Party include any debt owing to that Finance Party under the Finance Documents and, for the avoidance of doubt, any part of a Loan or any other amount owed by an Obligor which relates to a Finance Party’s participation in a Facility or its role under a Finance Document (including any such amount payable to the Agent on its behalf) is a debt owing to that Finance Party by that Obligor.

 

(c) A Finance Party may, except as specifically provided in the Finance Documents, separately enforce its rights under or in connection with the Finance Documents.

 

2.5 Obligors’ Agent

 

(a) Each Obligor (other than the Company) by its execution of this Agreement or an Accession Deed irrevocably appoints the Company (acting through one or more authorised signatories) to act on its behalf as its agent in relation to the Finance Documents and irrevocably authorises:

 

(i) the Company on its behalf to supply all information concerning itself contemplated by this Agreement to the Finance Parties and to give all notices and instructions (including, in the case of a Borrower, Utilisation Requests), to make such agreements and to effect the relevant amendments, supplements and variations capable of being

 

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given, made or effected by any Obligor notwithstanding that they may affect the Obligor, without further reference to or the consent of that Obligor; and

 

(ii) each Finance Party to give any notice, demand or other communication to that Obligor pursuant to the Finance Documents to the Company,

 

and in each case the Obligor shall be bound as though the Obligor itself had given the notices and instructions (including, without limitation, any Utilisation Requests) or executed or made the agreements or effected the amendments, supplements or variations, or received the relevant notice, demand or other communication.

 

(b) Every act, omission, agreement, undertaking, settlement, waiver, amendment, supplement, variation, notice or other communication given or made by the Obligors’ Agent or given to the Obligors’ Agent under any Finance Document on behalf of another Obligor or in connection with any Finance Document (whether or not known to any other Obligor and whether occurring before or after such other Obligor became an Obligor under any Finance Document) shall be binding for all purposes on that Obligor as if that Obligor had expressly made, given or concurred with it. In the event of any conflict between any notices or other communications of the Obligors’ Agent and any other Obligor, those of the Obligors’ Agent shall prevail.

 

(c) For the purpose of acting as Obligors’ Agent in accordance with this Clause 2.5, each Obligor (other than the Company) releases the Company to the fullest extent possible from the restrictions pursuant to section 181 of the German Civil Code (Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch) and similar restrictions applicable to it pursuant to any other law.

 

3. PURPOSE

 

3.1 Purpose

 

Each Borrower shall apply all amounts borrowed by it under Facility A1 and Facility A2 towards the general corporate purposes of the Group (including, without limitation, the prepayment or repayment of any Financial Indebtedness of the Group).

 

3.2 Monitoring

 

No Finance Party is bound to monitor or verify the application of any amount borrowed pursuant to this Agreement.

 

4. CONDITIONS OF UTILISATION

 

4.1 Initial conditions precedent

 

(a) No Borrower may deliver a Utilisation Request unless the Agent has received all of the documents and other evidence listed in Part I of Schedule 2 (Conditions precedent) in form and substance satisfactory to the Agent. The Agent shall notify the Company and the Lenders promptly upon being so satisfied.

 

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(b) Other than to the extent that the Majority Lenders notify the Agent in writing to the contrary before the Agent gives the notification described in paragraph (a) above, the Lenders authorise (but do not require) the Agent to give that notification. The Agent shall not be liable for any damages, costs or losses whatsoever as a result of giving any such notification.

 

4.2 Further conditions precedent

 

(a) The Lenders will only be obliged to comply with Clause 5.4 (Lenders’ participation) if on the date of the Utilisation Request and on the proposed Utilisation Date:

 

(i) in the case of a Rollover Loan, no Event of Default is continuing or would result from the proposed Loan and, in the case of any other Loan, no Default is continuing or would result from the proposed Loan; and

 

(ii) the Repeating Representations to be made by each Obligor are true in all material respects.

 

4.3 Conditions relating to Optional Currencies

 

(a) A currency will constitute an Optional Currency in relation to a Loan if:

 

(i) it is readily available in the amount required and freely convertible into the applicable Base Currency in the wholesale market for that currency on the Quotation Day and the Utilisation Date for that Loan; and

 

(ii) it is:

 

(A) in the case of Facility A1, EUR, USD, CAD, DKK, CHF or AUD;

 

(B) in the case of Facility A2, GBP, USD, CAD, DKK, CHF or AUD,

 

or, in each case, has been approved by the Agent (acting on the instructions of all the Lenders) on or prior to receipt by the Agent of the relevant Utilisation Request for that Loan.

 

(b) If the Agent has received a written request from the Company for a currency to be approved under paragraph (a)(ii) above, the Agent will confirm to the Company by the Specified Time:

 

(i) whether or not the Lenders have granted their approval; and

 

(ii) if approval has been granted, the minimum amount (and, if required, integral multiples) for any subsequent Utilisation in that currency.

 

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4.4 Maximum number of Loans

 

(a) A Borrower may not deliver a Utilisation Request if as a result of the proposed Utilisation 16 or more Loans would be outstanding.

 

(b) Any Separate Loan shall not be taken into account in this Clause 4.4.

 

(c) Any Loan made by a single Lender under Clause 6.2 (Unavailability of a currency) shall not be taken into account in this Clause 4.4.

 

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SECTION 3
UTILISATION

 

5. UTILISATION

 

5.1 Delivery of a Utilisation Request

 

A Borrower may utilise a Facility by delivery to the Agent of a duly completed Utilisation Request not later than the Specified Time.

 

5.2 Completion of a Utilisation Request

 

(a) Each Utilisation Request is irrevocable and will not be regarded as having been duly completed unless:

 

(i) the proposed Utilisation Date is a Business Day within the Availability Period;

 

(ii) the currency and amount of the Utilisation comply with Clause 5.3 (Currency and amount); and

 

(iii) the proposed Interest Period complies with Clause 10 (Interest Periods).

 

(b) Only one Loan may be requested in each Utilisation Request.

 

5.3 Currency and amount

 

(a) The currency specified in a Utilisation Request must be the applicable Base Currency or an Optional Currency.

 

(b) The amount of the proposed Loan must be:

 

(i) if the currency selected is GBP, a minimum of £1,000,000 or if less, the relevant Available Facility; or

 

(ii) if the currency selected is EUR, a minimum of EUR1,000,000 or, if less, the relevant Available Facility;

 

(iii) if the currency selected is USD, a minimum of USD1,000,000 or, if less, the relevant Available Facility;

 

(iv) if the currency selected is CAD, a minimum of CAD1,000,000 or, if less, the relevant Available Facility;

 

(v) if the currency selected is CHF:

 

(A) a minimum of CHF1,000,000 or, if less, the relevant Available Facility; and

 

(B) such amount so that the aggregate amount of Loans denominated in CHF that would be outstanding on the proposed Utilisation Date for that proposed Loan (and

 

46

including, for the avoidance of doubt, that proposed Loan) is no greater than CHF25,000,000;

 

(vi) if the currency selected is AUD:

 

(A) a minimum of AUD2,000,000 or, if less, the relevant Available Facility; and

 

(B) such amount so that the aggregate amount of Loans denominated in AUD that would be outstanding on the proposed Utilisation Date for that proposed Loan (and including, for the avoidance of doubt, that proposed Loan) is no greater than AUD40,000,000;

 

(vii) if the currency selected is DKK:

 

(A) a minimum of DKK8,000,000 or, if less, the relevant Available Facility; and

 

(B) such amount so that the aggregate amount of Loans denominated in DKK that would be outstanding on the proposed Utilisation Date for that proposed Loan (and including, for the avoidance of doubt, that proposed Loan) is no greater than DKK175,000,000; or

 

(viii) if the currency selected is any other Optional Currency, the minimum amount (and, if required, integral multiple) specified by the Agent pursuant to paragraph (b)(ii) of Clause 4.3 (Conditions relating to Optional Currencies) or, if less, the relevant Available Facility,

 

and, in any event, such that its Base Currency Amount is less than or equal to the relevant Available Facility.

 

5.4 Lenders’ participation

 

(a) If the conditions set out in this Agreement have been met, and subject to Clause 7.1 (Repayment of Loans)), each Lender shall make its participation in each Loan available by the Utilisation Date through its Facility Office.

 

(b) The amount of each Lender’s participation in each Loan will be equal to the proportion borne by its Available Commitment to the Available Facility immediately prior to making the Loan.

 

(c) The Agent shall determine the Base Currency Amount of each Loan which is to be made in an Optional Currency and shall notify each Lender of the amount, currency and the Base Currency Amount of each Loan, the amount of its participation in that Loan and if different, the amount of that participation to be made available in accordance with Clause 29.1 (Payments to the Agent), in each case by the Specified Time.

 

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5.5 Cancellation of Commitment

 

The Commitments which, at that time, are unutilised shall be immediately cancelled at the end of the Availability Period.

 

5.6 Extension Option

 

(a) The Company may, by notice to the Agent (the “Initial Extension Request”) not more than 60 days and not less than 30 days before the date falling 12 months after the Signing Date (ARA) (the “First Extension Deadline”), request that the Termination Date in respect of the Facilities be extended for a further period of one year.

 

(b) The Company may, by notice to the Agent (the “Second Extension Request”) not more than 60 days and not less than 30 days before the date falling 24 months after the Signing Date (ARA) (the “Second Extension Deadline”), request that the Termination Date in respect of the Facilities:

 

(i) with respect to Lenders who have agreed to the Initial Extension Request (or have acquired any Commitment of a Lender which agreed to the Initial Extension Request), be extended for a further period of one year; and/or

 

(ii) if no Initial Extension Request has been made, or with respect to Lenders who refused the Initial Extension Request be extended for a period of two years.

 

(c) The Agent must promptly notify the Lenders of any Initial Extension Request or Second Extension Request (an “Extension Request”).

 

(d) Each Lender may, in its sole discretion, agree to any Extension Request. Each Lender that agrees to an Extension Request by the date falling 15 days before, in the case of the Initial Extension Request, the First Extension Deadline or, in the case of the Second Extension Request, the Second Extension Deadline will, subject to paragraph (i) below, extend its Commitment for a further period of one year or two years (as applicable), from the then current Termination Date in respect of that Lender’s Commitment and the relevant Termination Date with respect to the Commitment of that Lender will, subject to paragraph (i) below, be extended accordingly (an “Extension”).

 

(e) The Company shall, on or prior to, in the case of the Initial Extension Request, the First Extension Deadline, or, in the case of the date of the Second Extension Request, the Second Extension Deadline, pay to Agent for the account of the relevant Lenders an extension fee in an equal amount based on its proportion of the Total Commitments and at the time agreed in a Fee Letter between the Company and that Lender.

 

(f) If any Lender fails to reply to an Extension Request on or before the date falling 15 days before the First Extension Deadline or the Second Extension Deadline (as applicable), it will be deemed to have refused that Extension Request and its Commitments will not be extended.

 

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(g) Subject to paragraph (i) below, each Extension Request is irrevocable.

 

(h) If one or more (but not all) of the Lenders agree to an Extension Request, then the Agent must notify the Company, identifying in that notification which Lenders have not agreed to the Extension Request.

 

(i) The Company may, on the basis that one or more of the Lenders have not agreed to (or have been deemed to have refused) the Extension Request and no later than the date falling five days before the First Extension Deadline or the Second Extension Deadline (as applicable), withdraw the Extension Request by notice to the Agent which will promptly notify the Lenders.

 

(j) Any extension of the Termination Date in respect of the Facilities under this Clause 5.6 will only take effect if on the date of the Extension Request, and in the case of the Initial Extension Request, on the First Extension Deadline or, in the case of the Second Extension Request, on the Second Extension Deadline:

 

(i) no Default is continuing or would result from the proposed extension;

 

(ii) the Company has paid the extension fee to each relevant Lender pursuant to paragraph (e) above; and

 

(iii) the Repeating Representations are true in all material respects.

 

6. OPTIONAL CURRENCIES

 

6.1 Selection of currency

 

A Borrower (or the Company on behalf of a Borrower) shall select the currency of a Loan in a Utilisation Request.

 

6.2 Unavailability of a currency

 

If before the Specified Time on any Quotation Day:

 

(a) a Lender notifies the Agent that the Optional Currency requested is not readily available to it in the amount required; or

 

(b) a Lender notifies the Agent that compliance with its obligation to participate in a Loan in the proposed Optional Currency would contravene a law or regulation applicable to it,

 

the Agent will give notice to the relevant Borrower to that effect by the Specified Time on that day. In this event, any Lender that gives notice pursuant to this Clause 6.2 will be required to participate in the Loan in the applicable Base Currency (in an amount equal to that Lender’s proportion of the Base Currency Amount or, in respect of a Rollover Loan, an amount equal to that Lender’s proportion of the Base Currency Amount of the Rollover Loan that is due to be made) and its participation will be treated as a separate Loan denominated in the applicable Base Currency during that Interest Period.

 

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6.3 Participation in a Loan

 

Each Lender’s participation in a Loan will be determined in accordance with paragraph (b) of Clause 5.4 (Lenders’ participation).

 

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SECTION 4

REPAYMENT, PREPAYMENT AND CANCELLATION

 

7. REPAYMENT

 

7.1 Repayment of Loans

 

(a) Subject to paragraph (c) below, each Borrower which has drawn a Loan shall repay that Loan on the last day of its Interest Period.

 

(b) Without prejudice to each Borrower’s obligation under paragraph (a) above, if:

 

(i) one or more Loans are to be made available to a Borrower:

 

(A) on the same day that a maturing Loan is due to be repaid by that Borrower;

 

(B) in the same currency as the maturing Loan (unless it arose as a result of the operation of Clause 6.2 (Unavailability of a currency)); and

 

(C) in whole or in part for the purpose of refinancing the maturing Loan; and

 

(ii) the proportion borne by each Lender’s participation in the maturing Loan to the amount of that maturing Loan is the same as the proportion borne by that Lender’s participation in the new Loans to the aggregate amount of those new Loans,

 

the aggregate amount of the new Loans shall, unless the Company notifies the Agent to the contrary in the relevant Utilisation Request, be treated as if applied in or towards repayment of the maturing Loan so that:

 

(A) if the amount of the maturing Loan exceeds the aggregate amount of the new Loans:

 

(1) the relevant Borrower will only be required to make a payment under Clause 29.1 (Payments to the Agent) in an amount in the relevant currency equal to that excess; and

 

(2) each Lender’s participation in the new Loans shall be treated as having been made available and applied by the Borrower in or towards repayment of that Lender’s participation in the maturing Loan and that Lender will not be required to make a payment under Clause 29.1 (Payments to the Agent) in respect of its participation in the new Loans; and

 

(B) if the amount of the maturing Loan is equal to or less than the aggregate amount of the new Loans:

 


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(1) the relevant Borrower will not be required to make a payment under Clause 29.1 (Payments to the Agent); and

 

(2) each Lender will be required to make a payment under Clause 29.1 (Payments to the Agent) in respect of its participation in the new Loans only to the extent that its participation in the new Loans exceeds that Lender’s participation in the maturing Loan and the remainder of that Lender’s participation in the new Loans shall be treated as having been made available and applied by the Borrower in or towards repayment of that Lender’s participation in the maturing Loan.

 

(c) At any time when a Lender becomes a Defaulting Lender, the maturity date of each of the participations of that Lender in the Loans then outstanding will be automatically extended to the last day of the Availability Period applicable to the Facilities and will be treated as separate Loans (the “Separate Loans”) denominated in the currency in which the relevant participations are outstanding.

 

(d) If a Borrower makes a prepayment of a Loan, a Borrower to whom a Separate Loan is outstanding may prepay that Loan by giving not less than three Business Days’ prior notice to the Agent. The Agent will forward a copy of a prepayment notice received in accordance with this paragraph (d) to the Defaulting Lender concerned as soon as practicable on receipt.

 

(e) Interest in respect of a Separate Loan will accrue for successive Interest Periods selected by the Borrower by the time and date specified by the Agent (acting reasonably) and will be payable by that Borrower to the Agent (for the account of that Defaulting Lender) on the last day of each Interest Period of that Separate Loan.

 

(f) The terms of this Agreement relating to Loans generally shall continue to apply to Separate Loans other than to the extent inconsistent with paragraphs (c) to (e) above, in which case those paragraphs shall prevail in respect of any Separate Loan.

  

8. PREPAYMENT AND CANCELLATION

 

8.1 Illegality

 

If, in any applicable jurisdiction, it becomes unlawful for any Lender to perform any of its obligations as contemplated by this Agreement or to fund or maintain its participation in any Loan or it becomes unlawful for any Affiliate of a Lender for that Lender to do so:

 

(a) that Lender shall promptly notify the Agent upon becoming aware of that event;

 


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(b) upon the Agent notifying the Company, each Available Commitment of that Lender will be immediately cancelled; and

 

(c) to the extent that the Lender’s participation has not been transferred pursuant to paragraph (d) of Clause 8.5 (Right of replacement or repayment and cancellation in relation to a single Lender), each Borrower shall repay that Lender’s participation in the Loans made to that Borrower on the last day of the Interest Period for each Loan occurring after the Agent has notified the Company or, if earlier, the date specified by the Lender in the notice delivered to the Agent (being no earlier than the last day of any applicable grace period permitted by law) and that Lender’s corresponding Commitment(s) shall be immediately cancelled in the amount of the participations repaid.

 

8.2 Change of control

 

(a) If:

 

(i) there is a change of control; or

 

(ii) Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. is no longer traded on at least one of Euronext Amsterdam and the London Stock Exchange plc,

 

then:

 

(A) the Company shall promptly notify the Agent upon becoming aware of that event;

 

(B) a Lender shall not be obliged to fund a Utilisation (except for a Rollover Loan); and

 

(C) if a Lender so requires and notifies the Agent within 30 days of the Company notifying the Agent of the event, the Agent shall, by not less than 30 days’ notice to the Company, cancel each Available Commitment of that Lender and declare the participation of that Lender in all Loans, together with accrued interest, and all other amounts accrued or outstanding under the Finance Documents immediately due and payable, whereupon each such Available Commitment will be immediately cancelled, any Commitment of that Lender shall immediately cease to be available for further utilisation and all such Loans, accrued interest and other amounts shall become immediately due and payable.

 

(b) For the purposes of paragraph (a) above, “change of control” means:

 

(i) Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. ceasing to:

 

(A) directly or indirectly control the Company; or

 

(B) directly or indirectly own at least 75 per cent. of the issued shares in the Company; or

 


53

(ii) any person or group of persons acting in concert gaining direct or indirect control of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V..

 

(c) For the purpose of paragraph (b) above “control” means the power (whether by way of ownership of shares, contract, agency or otherwise) to:

 

(i) cast, or control the casting of, more than 30 per cent. of the maximum number of votes that might be cast at a general meeting of that person; or

 

(ii) appoint or remove all, or the majority, of the directors or other equivalent officers of that person; or

 

(iii) give directions with respect to the operating and financial policies of that person which the directors or other equivalent officers of that person are obliged to comply with.

 

(d) For the purpose of paragraph (b) above “acting in concert” means, a group of persons who, pursuant to an agreement or understanding (whether formal or informal), actively co-operate, through the acquisition by any of them, either directly or indirectly, of shares in that person, to obtain or consolidate control of that person as described in the City Code on Takeovers and Mergers.

 

8.3 Voluntary cancellation

 

The Company may, if it gives the Agent not less than two Business Days’ (or such shorter period as the Majority Lenders may agree) prior notice, cancel the whole or any part (being a minimum amount of £1,000,000 or €1,000,000 (as applicable) (or its equivalent)) of an Available Facility. Any cancellation under this Clause 8.3 shall reduce the Commitments of the Lenders rateably under that Facility.

 

8.4 Voluntary prepayment of Loans

 

A Borrower to which a Loan has been made may, if it gives the Agent not less than:

 

(a) in the case of a Loan denominated in AUD only, three Business Days’ prior notice; or

 

(b) in any other case, two Business Days’ prior notice,

 

(or, in each case, such shorter period as the Majority Lenders may agree), prepay the whole or any part of a Loan (but if in part, being an amount that reduces the Base Currency Amount of the Loan by a minimum amount of £1,000,000 or €1,000,000 (as applicable) (or its equivalent)).

 

8.5 Right of replacement or repayment and cancellation in relation to a single Lender

 

(a) If:

 

(i) any sum payable to any Lender by an Obligor is required to be increased under paragraph (c) of Clause 13.2 (Tax gross-up); or

 


54

(ii) any Lender claims indemnification from the Company under Clause 13.3 (Tax indemnity) or Clause 14.1 (Increased costs),

 

the Company may, whilst the circumstance giving rise to the requirement for that increase or indemnification continues, give the Agent notice of cancellation of the Commitment(s) of that Lender and its intention to procure the repayment of that Lender’s participation in the Loans or give the Agent notice of its intention to replace that Lender in accordance with paragraph (d) below.

 

(b) On receipt of a notice of cancellation referred to in paragraph (a) above, the Available Commitment(s) of that Lender shall be immediately reduced to zero.

 

(c) On the last day of each Interest Period which ends after the Company has given notice of cancellation under paragraph (a) above (or, if earlier, the date specified by the Company in that notice), each Borrower to which a Loan is outstanding shall repay that Lender’s participation in that Loan and that Lender’s corresponding Commitment(s) shall be immediately cancelled in the amount of the participations repaid.

 

(d) If:

 

(i) any of the circumstances set out in paragraph (a) above apply to a Lender; or

 

(ii) an Obligor becomes obliged to pay any amount in accordance with Clause 8.1 (Illegality) to any Lender,

 

the Company may, on ten Business Days’ prior notice to the Agent and that Lender, replace that Lender by requiring that Lender to (and to the extent permitted by law, that Lender shall) transfer pursuant to Clause 24 (Changes to the Lenders) all (and not part only) of its rights and obligations under this Agreement to an Eligible Institution which confirms its willingness to assume and does assume all the obligations of the transferring Lender in accordance with Clause 24 (Changes to the Lenders) for a purchase price in cash payable at the time of the transfer in an amount equal to the outstanding principal amount of such Lender’s participation in the outstanding Loans and all accrued interest (to the extent that the Agent has not given a notification under Clause 24.10 (Pro rata interest settlement)), Break Costs and other amounts payable in relation thereto under the Finance Documents.

 

(e) The replacement of a Lender pursuant to paragraph (d) above shall be subject to the following conditions:

 

(i) the Company shall have no right to replace the Agent;

 

(ii) neither the Agent nor any Lender shall have any obligation to find a replacement Lender;

 


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(iii) in no event shall the Lender replaced under paragraph (d) above be required to pay or surrender any of the fees received by such Lender pursuant to the Finance Documents; and

 

(iv) the Lender shall only be obliged to transfer its rights and obligations pursuant to paragraph (d) above once it is satisfied that it has complied with all necessary “know your customer” or other similar checks under all applicable laws and regulations in relation to that transfer.

 

(f)
A Lender shall perform the checks described in paragraph (e)(iv) above as soon as reasonably practicable following delivery of a notice referred to in paragraph (d) above and shall notify the Agent and the Company when it is satisfied that it has complied with those checks.
     
  (g)
 


(i) If any Lender becomes a Defaulting Lender, the Company may, at any time whilst the Lender continues to be a Defaulting Lender, give the Agent five Business Days’ notice of cancellation of each Available Commitment of that Lender.

 

(ii) On the notice referred to in paragraph (i) above becoming effective, each Available Commitment of the Defaulting Lender shall be immediately reduced to zero.

 

(iii) The Agent shall as soon as practicable after receipt of a notice referred to in paragraph (i) above, notify all the Lenders.

 

8.6 Restrictions

 

(a) Any notice of cancellation or prepayment given by any Party under this Clause 8 shall be irrevocable and, unless a contrary indication appears in this Agreement, shall specify the date or dates upon which the relevant cancellation or prepayment is to be made and the amount of that cancellation or prepayment.

 

(b) Any prepayment under this Agreement shall be made together with accrued interest on the amount prepaid and, subject to any Break Costs, without premium or penalty.

 

(c) Unless a contrary indication appears in this Agreement, any part of a Facility which is prepaid or repaid may be reborrowed in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.

 

(d) The Borrowers shall not repay or prepay all or any part of the Loans or cancel all or any part of the Commitments except at the times and in the manner expressly provided for in this Agreement.

 

(e) Subject to Clause 2.2 (Increase) and Clause 2.3 (Accordion Option), no amount of the Total Commitments cancelled under this Agreement may be subsequently reinstated.

 


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(f) If the Agent receives a notice under this Clause 8 it shall promptly forward a copy of that notice to either the Company or the affected Lender, as appropriate.

 

(g) If all or part of any Lender’s participation in a Loan is repaid or prepaid and is not available for redrawing (other than by operation of Clause 4.2 (Further conditions precedent)), an amount of that Lender’s Commitment (equal to the Base Currency Amount of the amount of the participation which is repaid or prepaid) in respect of that Facility will be deemed to be cancelled on the date of repayment or prepayment.

 

8.7 Application of prepayments

 

Any prepayment of a Loan pursuant to Clause 8.2 (Change of control), or Clause 8.4 (Voluntary prepayment of Loans) shall be applied pro rata to each Lender’s participation in that Loan.

 


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SECTION 5
COSTS OF UTILISATION

 

9. INTEREST

 

9.1 Calculation of interest

  

The rate of interest on each Loan for each Interest Period is the percentage rate per annum which is the aggregate of the applicable:

 

(a) Margin; and

 

(b) LIBOR or, in relation to any Loan in euro, EURIBOR or, in relation to any Loan in a Non-LIBOR Currency, the Benchmark Rate for that currency.

 

9.2 Payment of interest

 

The Borrower to which a Loan has been made shall pay accrued interest on that Loan on the last day of each Interest Period (and, if the Interest Period is longer than six Months, on the dates falling at six Monthly intervals after the first day of the Interest Period).

 

9.3 Default interest

 

(a) If an Obligor fails to pay any amount payable by it under a Finance Document on its due date, interest shall accrue on the overdue amount from the due date up to the date of actual payment (both before and after judgment) at a rate which, subject to paragraph (b) below, is one per cent. per annum higher than the rate which would have been payable if the overdue amount had, during the period of non-payment, constituted a Loan in the currency of the overdue amount for successive Interest Periods, each of a duration selected by the Agent (acting reasonably). Any interest accruing under this Clause 9.3 shall be immediately payable by the Obligor on demand by the Agent.

 

(b) If any overdue amount consists of all or part of a Loan which became due on a day which was not the last day of an Interest Period relating to that Loan:

 

(i) the first Interest Period for that overdue amount shall have a duration equal to the unexpired portion of the current Interest Period relating to that Loan; and

 

(ii) the rate of interest applying to the overdue amount during that first Interest Period shall be one per cent. per annum higher than the rate which would have applied if the overdue amount had not become due.

 

(c) Default interest (if unpaid) arising on an overdue amount will be compounded with the overdue amount at the end of each Interest Period applicable to that overdue amount but will remain immediately due and payable.

 


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9.4 Notification of rates of interest

 

(a) The Agent shall promptly notify the Lenders and the relevant Borrower (or the Company) of the determination of a rate of interest under this Agreement.

 

(b) The Agent shall promptly notify the relevant Borrower (or the Company) of each Funding Rate relating to a Loan.

 

10. INTEREST PERIODS

 

10.1 Selection of Interest Periods

 

(a) A Borrower (or the Company on behalf of a Borrower) may select an Interest Period for a Loan in the Utilisation Request for that Loan.

 

(b) Subject to this Clause 10, a Borrower (or the Company) may select an Interest Period of two weeks, one, two, three or six Months or of any other period agreed between the Company, the Agent and all the Lenders.

 

(c) An Interest Period for a Loan shall not extend beyond the Termination Date.

 

(d) Each Interest Period for a Loan shall start on the Utilisation Date.

 

(e) A Loan has one Interest Period only.

 

10.2 Non-Business Days

 

(a) Other than where paragraph (b) below applies, if an Interest Period would otherwise end on a day which is not a Business Day, that Interest Period will instead end on the next Business Day in that calendar month (if there is one) or the preceding Business Day (if there is not).

 

(b) If the Loan is in a Non-LIBOR Currency and there are rules specified as “Business Day Conventions” for that currency in Schedule 13 (Other Benchmarks), those rules shall apply to each Interest Period for that Loan.

 

11. CHANGES TO THE CALCULATION OF INTEREST

 

11.1 Unavailability of Screen Rate

 

(a) Interpolated Screen Rate: If no Screen Rate is available for LIBOR or, if applicable, EURIBOR or, if applicable, the Benchmark Rate for the Interest Period of a Loan, the applicable LIBOR, EURIBOR or Benchmark Rate shall be the Interpolated Screen Rate for a period equal in length to the Interest Period of that Loan.

 

(b) Shortened Interest Period: If no Screen Rate is available for LIBOR, EURIBOR or, if applicable, the Benchmark Rate for:

 

(i) the currency of a Loan; or

 


59

(ii) the Interest Period of a Loan and it is not possible to calculate the Interpolated Screen Rate,

 

the Interest Period of that Loan shall (if it is longer than the applicable Fallback Interest Period) be shortened to the applicable Fallback Interest Period and the applicable LIBOR, EURIBOR or Benchmark Rate for that shortened Interest Period shall be determined pursuant to the relevant definition.

 

(c) Reference Bank Rate: If the Interest Period of a Loan is, after giving effect to paragraph (b) above, either the applicable Fallback Interest Period or shorter than the applicable Fallback Interest Period and, in either case, no Screen Rate is available for LIBOR, EURIBOR or the relevant Benchmark Rate for:

 

(i) the currency of that Loan; or

 

(ii) the Interest Period of that Loan and it is not possible to calculate the Interpolated Screen Rate,

 

the Interest Period of that Loan shall revert to its previous length and the applicable LIBOR, EURIBOR or Benchmark Rate shall be the Reference Bank Rate as of the Specified Time for the currency of that Loan and for a period equal in length to the Interest Period of that Loan.

 

(d) Cost of funds: If paragraph (c) above applies but no Reference Bank Rate is available for the relevant currency or Interest Period there shall be no LIBOR, EURIBOR or Benchmark Rate for that Loan and Clause 11.4 (Cost of funds) shall apply to that Loan for that Interest Period.

 

11.2 Calculation of Reference Bank Rate

 

(a) Subject to paragraph (b) below, if LIBOR or EURIBOR or a Benchmark Rate is to be determined on the basis of a Reference Bank Rate but a Reference Bank does not supply a quotation by the Specified Time, the Reference Bank Rate shall be calculated on the basis of the quotations of the remaining Reference Banks.

 

(b) If at or about:

 

(i) noon on the Quotation Day; or

 

(ii) in the case of a Benchmark Rate, the time specified in respect of the relevant currency in Schedule 13 (Other Benchmarks),

 

none or only one of the Reference Banks supplies a quotation, there shall be no Reference Bank Rate for the relevant Interest Period.

 

11.3 Market disruption

 

If before:

 


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(a) close of business in London on the Quotation Day for the relevant Interest Period; or

 

(b) in the case of a Loan in a Non-LIBOR Currency, the time specified in respect of that currency in Schedule 13 (Other Benchmarks),

 

the Agent receives notifications from a Lender or Lenders (whose participations in a Loan exceed 35 per cent. of that Loan) that the cost to it of funding its participation in that Loan from whatever source it may reasonably select would be in excess of LIBOR or, if applicable, EURIBOR or, if applicable, the Benchmark Rate, then Clause 11.4 (Cost of funds) shall apply to that Loan for the relevant Interest Period.

 

11.4 Cost of funds

 

(a) If this Clause 11.4 applies, the rate of interest on each Lender’s share of the relevant Loan for the relevant Interest Period shall be the percentage rate per annum which is the sum of:

 

(i) the Margin; and

 

(ii) the rate notified to the Agent by that Lender as soon as practicable and in any event within five Business Days of the first day of that Interest Period (or, if earlier, on the date falling five Business Days before the date on which interest is due to be paid in respect of that Interest Period), to be that which expresses as a percentage rate per annum the cost to the relevant Lender of funding its participation in that Loan from whatever source it may reasonably select.

 

(b) If this Clause 11.4 applies and the Agent or the Company so requires, the Agent and the Company shall enter into negotiations (for a period of not more than thirty days) with a view to agreeing a substitute basis for determining the rate of interest.

 

(c) Any alternative basis agreed pursuant to paragraph (b) above shall, with the prior consent of all the Lenders and the Company, be binding on all Parties.

 

(d) If this Clause 11.4 applies pursuant to Clause 11.2 (Market disruption) and:

 

(i) a Lender’s Funding Rate is less than LIBOR or, in relation to any Loan in euro, EURIBOR or, in relation to any Loan in a Non-LIBOR Currency, the Benchmark Rate;

 

(ii) a Lender does not supply a quotation by the time specified in paragraph (a)(ii) above,

 

the cost to that Lender of funding its participation in that Loan for that Interest Period shall be deemed, for the purposes of paragraph (a) above, to be LIBOR or, in relation to a Loan in euro, EURIBOR or, in relation to any Loan in a Non-LIBOR Currency, the Benchmark Rate.

 


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11.5 Notification to Company

 

If Clause 11.4 (Cost of funds) applies, the Agent shall, as soon as is practicable, notify the Company.

 

11.6 Break Costs

 

(a) Each Borrower shall, within three Business Days of demand by a Finance Party, pay to that Finance Party its Break Costs attributable to all or any part of a Loan or Unpaid Sum being paid by that Borrower on a day other than the last day of an Interest Period for that Loan or Unpaid Sum.

 

(b) Each Lender shall, together with its demand, provide a certificate confirming the amount and basis of calculation (in reasonable detail, provided that it shall not be required to disclose confidential or proprietary information) of its Break Costs for any Interest Period in which they accrue.

 

12. FEES

 

12.1 Commitment fee

 

(a) The Company shall pay to the Agent (for the account of each Lender) fees in respect of each Facility in the applicable Base Currency computed at the rate of [***] per cent. of the then applicable Margin on that Lender’s Available Commitment under that Facility for the Availability Period.

 

(b) The accrued commitment fees are payable on the last day of each successive period of three Months which ends during the Availability Period, on the last day of the Availability Period and, if cancelled in full, on the cancelled amount of the relevant Lender’s Commitment under that Facility at the time the cancellation is effective.

 

(c) No commitment fees are payable to the Agent (for the account of a Lender) on any Available Commitment of that Lender for any day on which that Lender is a Defaulting Lender.

 

12.2 Utilisation fee

 

(a) The Company shall pay to the Agent (for the account of each Lender) fees in respect of each Facility in the applicable Base Currency computed in respect of each Lender’s Commitment under that Facility at the following rate:

 

(i) if the aggregate principal amount of the Loans outstanding under the applicable Facility is greater than zero but less than or equal to 331/3 per cent. of the Total Facility A1 Commitments or Total Facility A2 Commitments (as applicable), [***] per cent. per annum of the amount of outstanding Loans under the applicable Facility;

 

(ii) if the aggregate principal amount of the Loans outstanding under the applicable Facility is greater than 331/3 per cent. but less than or equal to 662/3 per cent. of the Total Facility A1 Commitments or Total

 


62

Facility A2 Commitments (as applicable), [***] per cent. per annum of the amount of outstanding Loans under the applicable Facility; and

 

(iii) if the aggregate principal amount of the Loans outstanding under the applicable Facility is greater than 662/3 per cent. of the Total Facility A1 Commitments or Total Facility A2 Commitments (as applicable), [***] per cent. per annum of the amount of outstanding Loans under the applicable Facility.

  

(b) Utilisation fees shall accrue from the date on which the relevant threshold set out in paragraph (a) above is reached and shall be payable on the last day of each successive period of three Months which ends during the relevant Availability Period, on the last day of the Availability Period and, if cancelled in full, at the time the cancellation is effective.

 

12.3 Arrangement fee

 

The Company shall pay to an Arranger such fees in the amounts and at the times agreed in a Fee Letter.

 

12.4 Agency fee

 

The Company shall pay to the Agent (for its own account) an agency fee in the amount and at the times agreed in a Fee Letter.

 

12.5 Amendment fee

 

The Company shall pay to the Agent (for the account of each Lender) an amendment fee in respect of the Amendment and Restatement Agreement in the amounts and at the times agreed in a Fee Letter.


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SECTION 6 

ADDITIONAL PAYMENT OBLIGATIONS 

 

13. TAX GROSS UP AND INDEMNITIES

 

13.1 Definitions

  

In this Agreement:

  

(a) In this Agreement:

  

Borrower DTTP Filing” means an H.M. Revenue & Customs’ Form DTTP2 duly completed and filed by the relevant UK Borrower, which:

  

(i) where it relates to a UK Treaty Lender that is an Original Lender, contains the scheme reference number and jurisdiction of tax residence stated opposite that Lender’s name in Part II of Schedule 1 (The Original Parties), and:

  

(A) where the UK Borrower is an Original Borrower, is filed with H.M. Revenue & Customs within 30 days of the date of this Agreement; or

   

(B) where the UK Borrower is an Additional Borrower, is filed with H.M. Revenue & Customs within 30 days of the date on which that UK Borrower becomes an Additional Borrower; or

  

(ii) where it relates to a UK Treaty Lender that is not an Original Lender, contains the scheme reference number and jurisdiction of tax residence stated in respect of that Lender in the documentation which it executes on becoming a Party as a Lender; and

  

(A) where the UK Borrower is a Borrower as at the date on which that UK Treaty Lender becomes a Party as a Lender, is filed with H.M. Revenue & Customs within 30 days of that date; or

  

(B) where the UK Borrower is not a Borrower as at the date on which that UK Treaty Lender becomes a Party as a Lender, is filed with H.M. Revenue & Customs within 30 days of the date on which that UK Borrower becomes an Additional Borrower.

  

Dutch Qualifying Lender” means, in respect of an advance to be made under a Finance Document to a Dutch Borrower, a Lender that is:

  

(i) a Dutch Treaty Lender; or

 

64 

 

(ii) otherwise entitled to receive a payment of interest in respect of an advance under a Finance Document without any Tax Deduction imposed by The Netherlands.

 

Dutch Treaty Lender” means a Lender which:

  

(i) is treated as a resident of a Dutch Treaty State for the purposes of the relevant Dutch Treaty;

  

(ii) does not carry on a business in The Netherlands through a permanent establishment with which that Lender’s participation in the Loan is effectively connected; and

  

(iii) fulfils all other conditions which must be fulfilled under the Dutch Treaty by residents of that Dutch Treaty State to obtain full exemption from Tax on interest imposed by The Netherlands, subject to completion of procedural formalities.

  

Dutch Treaty State” means a jurisdiction having a double taxation agreement (a “Dutch Treaty”) with The Netherlands which makes provision for full exemption from tax imposed by The Netherlands on interest.

  

Protected Party” means a Finance Party which is or will be subject to any liability, or required to make any payment, for or on account of Tax in relation to a sum received or receivable (or any sum deemed for the purposes of Tax to be received or receivable) under a Finance Document.

  

Tax Credit” means a credit against, relief or remission for, or repayment of any Tax.

  

Tax Deduction” means a deduction or withholding for or on account of Tax from a payment under a Finance Document, other than a FATCA Deduction.

  

Tax Payment” means either the increase in a payment made by an Obligor to a Finance Party under Clause 13.2 (Tax gross-up) or a payment under Clause 13.3 (Tax indemnity).

  

Treaty Lender” means a Dutch Treaty Lender or a UK Treaty Lender, as the context requires.

  

UK Domestic Lender” means, in relation to a participation in a Utilisation made by a Lender to a UK Borrower, a Lender (other than a Lender within paragraph (iii) below) which is beneficially entitled to interest payable to that Lender in respect of an advance under a Finance Document and is:

  

(i)

  

(A) a bank (as defined for the purpose of section 879 of the ITA) making an advance under a Finance Document and is within the charge to United Kingdom corporation tax in respect of any payments of interest made in respect of that advance or would

 

65 

 

be within such charge as respects such payments apart from section 18A of the CTA; or

  

(B) a Lender in respect of an advance made under a Finance Document by a person that was a bank (as defined for the purpose of section 879 of the ITA) at the time that that advance was made and within the charge to United Kingdom corporation tax as respects any payments of interest made in respect of that advance;

  

(ii) a Lender which is:

  

(A) a company resident in the United Kingdom for United Kingdom tax purposes;

  

(B) a partnership each member of which is:

  

(1) a company so resident in the United Kingdom; or

  

(2) a company not so resident in the United Kingdom which carries on a trade in the United Kingdom through a permanent establishment and which brings into account in computing its chargeable profits (within the meaning of section 19 of the CTA) the whole of any share of interest payable in respect of that advance that falls to it by reason of Part 17 of the CTA; or

  

(C) a company not so resident in the United Kingdom which carries on a trade in the United Kingdom through a permanent establishment and which brings into account interest payable in respect of that advance in computing the chargeable profits (within the meaning of section 19 of the CTA) of that company; or

  

(iii) a Lender which is a building society (as defined for the purpose of section 880 of the ITA) making an advance under a Finance Document.

  

UK Non-Bank Lender” means a Lender which is not an Original Lender and which gives a UK Tax Confirmation in the documentation which it executes on becoming a Party as a Lender.

  

UK Qualifying Lender” means a Lender that is:

  

(i) a UK Domestic Lender; or

  

(ii) a UK Treaty Lender.

 

66 

 

UK Tax Confirmation” means a confirmation by a Lender that the person beneficially entitled to interest payable to that Lender in respect of an advance under a Finance Document is either:

 

(i) a company resident in the United Kingdom for United Kingdom tax purposes;

  

(ii) a partnership each member of which is:

  

(A) a company so resident in the United Kingdom; or

  

(B) a company not so resident in the United Kingdom which carries on a trade in the United Kingdom through a permanent establishment and which brings into account in computing its chargeable profits (within the meaning of section 19 of the CTA) the whole of any share of interest payable in respect of that advance that falls to it by reason of Part 17 of the CTA; or

  

(iii) a company not so resident in the United Kingdom which carries on a trade in the United Kingdom through a permanent establishment and which brings into account interest payable in respect of that advance in computing the chargeable profits (within the meaning of section 19 of the CTA) of that company.

  

UK Treaty Lender” means a Lender which:

  

(i) is treated as a resident of a UK Treaty State for the purposes of the relevant UK Treaty;

  

(ii) does not carry on a business in the United Kingdom through a permanent establishment with which that Lender’s participation in the Loan is effectively connected; and

  

(iii) fulfils all other conditions which must be fulfilled under the UK Treaty by residents of that UK Treaty State to obtain full exemption from Tax on interest imposed by the United Kingdom, subject to completion of procedural formalities.

  

UK Treaty State” means a jurisdiction having a double taxation agreement (a “UK Treaty”) with the United Kingdom which makes provision for full exemption from tax imposed by the United Kingdom on interest.

  

(b) Unless a contrary indication appears, in this Clause 13 a reference to “determines” or “determined” means a determination made in the absolute discretion of the person making the determination.

  

13.2 Tax gross-up

  

(a) Each Obligor shall make all payments to be made by it without any Tax Deduction, unless a Tax Deduction is required by law.

 

67 

 

(b) The Company shall promptly upon becoming aware that an Obligor must make a Tax Deduction (or that there is any change in the rate or the basis of a Tax Deduction) notify the Agent accordingly. Similarly, a Lender shall notify the Agent on becoming so aware in respect of a payment payable to that Lender. If the Agent receives such notification from a Lender it shall notify the Company and that Obligor.

 

(c) If a Tax Deduction is required by law to be made by an Obligor, the amount of the payment due from that Obligor shall be increased to an amount which (after making any Tax Deduction) leaves an amount equal to the payment which would have been due if no Tax Deduction had been required.

  

(d) A payment shall not be increased under paragraph (c) above by reason of a Tax Deduction on account of Tax imposed by the United Kingdom, if on the date on which the payment falls due:

  

(i) the payment could have been made to the relevant Lender without a Tax Deduction if the Lender had been a UK Qualifying Lender, but on that date that Lender is not or has ceased to be a UK Qualifying Lender other than as a result of any change after the date it became a Lender under this Agreement in (or in the interpretation, administration, or application of) any law or UK Treaty or any published practice or published concession of any relevant taxing authority; or

  

(ii) the relevant Lender is a UK Qualifying Lender solely by virtue of paragraph (ii) of the definition of “UK Domestic Lender” and:

  

(A) an officer of H.M. Revenue & Customs has given (and not revoked) a direction (a “Direction”) under section 931 of the ITA which relates to the payment and that Lender has received from the Obligor making the payment or from the Company a certified copy of that Direction; and

  

(B) the payment could have been made to the Lender without any Tax Deduction if that Direction had not been made; or

  

(iii) the relevant Lender is a UK Qualifying Lender solely by virtue of paragraph (ii) of the definition of “UK Domestic Lender”; and

  

(A) the relevant Lender has not given a UK Tax Confirmation to the Company; and

  

(B) the payment could have been made to the Lender without any Tax Deduction if the Lender had given a UK Tax Confirmation to the Company, on the basis that the UK Tax Confirmation would have enabled the Company to have formed a reasonable belief that the payment was an “excepted payment” for the purpose of section 930 of the ITA; or

  

(iv) the relevant Lender is a UK Treaty Lender and the Obligor making the payment is able to demonstrate that the payment could have been made

 

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to the Lender without the Tax Deduction had that Lender complied with its obligations under paragraph (i) or (j) (as applicable) below.

 

(e) A payment shall not be increased under paragraph (c) above by reason of a Tax Deduction on account of Tax imposed by Luxembourg if such Tax deduction is required in accordance with the provisions of the Luxembourg law dated 23 December 2005, as amended, introducing a withholding tax on certain income deriving from savings.

  

(f) A payment shall not be increased under paragraph (c) above by reason of a Tax Deduction on account of Tax imposed by The Netherlands, if on the date on which the payment falls due:

  

(i) the payment could have been made to the relevant Lender without a Tax Deduction if the Lender had been a Dutch Qualifying Lender, but on that date that Lender is not or has ceased to be a Dutch Qualifying Lender other than as a result of any change after the date it became a Lender under this Agreement in (or in the interpretation, administration, or application of) any law or Dutch Treaty or any published practice or published concession of any relevant taxing authority; or

  

(ii) the relevant Lender is a Dutch Treaty Lender and the Obligor making the payment is able to demonstrate that the payment could have been made to the Lender without the Tax Deduction had that Lender complied with its obligations under paragraph (i)(i) below.

  

(g) If an Obligor is required to make a Tax Deduction, that Obligor shall make that Tax Deduction and any payment required in connection with that Tax Deduction within the time allowed and in the minimum amount required by law.

  

(h) Within thirty days of making either a Tax Deduction or any payment required in connection with that Tax Deduction, the Obligor making that Tax Deduction shall deliver to the Agent for the Finance Party entitled to the payment a statement under section 975 of the ITA or similar evidence from the relevant government authority or other evidence reasonably satisfactory to that Finance Party that the Tax Deduction has been made or (as applicable) any appropriate payment paid to the relevant taxing authority.

 

    (i)

  

(i) Subject to paragraph (ii) below, a Treaty Lender and each Obligor which makes a payment to which that Treaty Lender is entitled shall co-operate in completing any procedural formalities necessary for that Obligor to obtain authorisation to make that payment without a Tax Deduction.

  

(ii)

  

(A) A UK Treaty Lender which is an Original Lender and that holds a passport under the HMRC DT Treaty Passport scheme,

 

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and which wishes that scheme to apply to this Agreement, shall confirm its scheme reference number and its jurisdiction of tax residence opposite its name in Part II of Schedule 1 (The Original Parties); and

 

(B) a UK Treaty Lender which is not an Original Lender and that holds a passport under the HMRC DT Treaty Passport scheme, and which wishes that scheme to apply to this Agreement, shall confirm its scheme reference number and its jurisdiction of tax residence in the documentation which it executes on becoming a Party as a Lender,

  

and, having done so, that Lender shall be under no obligation pursuant to paragraph (i) above in relation to a UK Borrower.

  

(j) If a Lender has confirmed its scheme reference number and its jurisdiction of tax residence in accordance with paragraph (i)(ii) above and:

  

(i) a UK Borrower making a payment to that Lender has not made a Borrower DTTP Filing in respect of that Lender; or

  

(ii) a UK Borrower making a payment to that Lender has made a Borrower DTTP Filing in respect of that Lender but:

  

(A) that Borrower DTTP Filing has been rejected by H.M. Revenue & Customs; or

  

(B) H.M. Revenue & Customs has not given the UK Borrower authority to make payments to that Lender without a Tax Deduction within 60 days of the date of the Borrower DTTP Filing; or

  

(C) H.M Revenue & Customs has given the UK Borrower authority to make payments to that Lender without a Tax Deduction but such authority has subsequently been revoked or expired,

  

and, in each case, the UK Borrower has notified that Lender in writing, that Lender and the UK Borrower shall co-operate in completing any additional procedural formalities necessary for that UK Borrower to obtain authorisation to make that payment without a Tax Deduction.

  

(k) If a Lender has not confirmed its scheme reference number and jurisdiction of tax residence in accordance with paragraph (i)(ii) above, no Obligor shall make a Borrower DTTP Filing or file any other form relating to the HMRC DT Treaty Passport scheme in respect of that Lender’s Commitment(s) or its participation in any Loan unless the Lender otherwise agrees.

  

(l) A UK Borrower shall, promptly on making a Borrower DTTP Filing, deliver a copy of that Borrower DTTP Filing to the Agent for delivery to the relevant Lender.

 

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(m) A UK Non-Bank Lender shall promptly notify the Company and the Agent if there is any change in the position from that set out in the UK Tax Confirmation.

 

13.3 Tax indemnity

 

(a) The Company shall (within three Business Days of demand by the Agent) pay to a Protected Party an amount equal to the loss, liability or cost which that Protected Party determines will be or has been (directly or indirectly) suffered for or on account of Tax by that Protected Party in respect of a Finance Document.

 

(b) Paragraph (a) above shall not apply:

  

(i) with respect to any Tax assessed on a Finance Party:

  

(A) under the law of the jurisdiction in which that Finance Party is incorporated or, if different, the jurisdiction (or jurisdictions) in which that Finance Party is treated as resident for tax purposes; or

  

(B) under the law of the jurisdiction in which that Finance Party’s Facility Office is located in respect of amounts received or receivable in that jurisdiction,

  

if that Tax is imposed on or calculated by reference to the net income received or receivable (but not any sum deemed to be received or receivable) by that Finance Party; or

  

(ii) to the extent a loss, liability or cost:

  

(A) is compensated for by an increased payment under Clause 13.2 (Tax gross-up);

  

(B) would have been compensated for by an increased payment under Clause 13.2 (Tax gross-up) but was not so compensated solely because one of the exclusions in paragraph (d) of Clause 13.2 (Tax gross-up) applied; or

   

(C) relates to a FATCA Deduction required to be made by a Party.

  

(c) A Protected Party making, or intending to make a claim under paragraph (a) above shall promptly notify the Agent of the event which will give, or has given, rise to the claim, following which the Agent shall notify the Company.

  

(d) A Protected Party shall, on receiving a payment from an Obligor under this Clause 13.3, notify the Agent.

  

13.4 Tax Credit

  

If an Obligor makes a Tax Payment and the relevant Finance Party determines that:

 

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(a) a Tax Credit is attributable to an increased payment of which that Tax Payment forms part, to that Tax Payment or to a Tax Deduction in consequence of which that Tax Payment was required; and

  

(b) that Finance Party has obtained and utilised that Tax Credit,

  

the Finance Party shall pay an amount to the Obligor which that Finance Party determines will leave it (after that payment) in the same after-Tax position as it would have been in had the Tax Payment not been required to be made by the Obligor.

 

13.5 Lender status confirmation

  

(a) Each Lender which becomes a Party to this Agreement after the Effective Date shall indicate, in the Transfer Certificate, Assignment Agreement, Increase Confirmation or Accordion Increase Confirmation which it executes on becoming a Party, and for the benefit of the Agent and without liability to any Obligor, which of the following categories it falls in:

  

(i) not a UK Qualifying Lender;

  

(ii) a UK Qualifying Lender (other than a UK Treaty Lender); or

  

(iii) a UK Treaty Lender.

  

(b) Each Lender which becomes a Party to this Agreement after the Effective Date shall indicate, in the Transfer Certificate, Assignment Agreement, Increase Confirmation or Accordion Increase Confirmation which it executes on becoming a Party, and for the benefit of the Agent and without liability to any Obligor, which of the following categories it falls in:

  

(i) not a Dutch Qualifying Lender;

  

(ii) a Dutch Qualifying Lender (other than a Dutch Treaty Lender); or

  

(iii) a Dutch Treaty Lender.

  

(c) If a New Lender, Increase Lender or Accordion Increase Lender fails to indicate its status in accordance with this Clause 13.5 then such New Lender, Increase Lender or Accordion Increase Lender shall be treated for the purposes of this Agreement (including by each Obligor) as if it is not a UK Qualifying Lender until such time as it notifies the Agent which category applies (and the Agent, upon receipt of such notification, shall inform the Company). For the avoidance of doubt, a Transfer Certificate, Assignment Agreement, Increase Confirmation or Accordion Increase Confirmation shall not be invalidated by any failure of a Lender to comply with this Clause 13.5.

  

13.6 Stamp taxes

  

The Company shall pay and, within three Business Days of demand, indemnify each Finance Party against any cost, loss or liability that Finance Party incurs in relation to all stamp duty, registration and other similar Taxes payable in respect of any Finance Document provided that this Clause 13.6 shall not apply in respect of any

 

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Luxembourg registrations duties (droits d’enregistrement) due to a registration, submission or filing by a Finance Party of any Finance Document where such registration, submission or filing is or was not required to maintain or preserve the rights of a Finance Party under the Finance Documents.

 

13.7 VAT

 

(a) All amounts expressed to be payable under a Finance Document by any Party to a Finance Party which (in whole or in part) constitute the consideration for any supply for VAT purposes are deemed to be exclusive of any VAT which is chargeable on that supply, and accordingly, subject to paragraph (b) below, if VAT is or becomes chargeable on any supply made by any Finance Party to any Party under a Finance Document and such Finance Party is required to account to the relevant tax authority for the VAT, that Party must pay to such Finance Party (in addition to and at the same time as paying any other consideration for such supply) an amount equal to the amount of the VAT (and such Finance Party must promptly provide an appropriate VAT invoice to that Party).

  

(b) If VAT is or becomes chargeable on any supply made by any Finance Party (the “Supplier”) to any other Finance Party (the “Recipient”) under a Finance Document, and any Party other than the Recipient (the “Relevant Party”) is required by the terms of any Finance Document to pay an amount equal to the consideration for that supply to the Supplier (rather than being required to reimburse or indemnify the Recipient in respect of that consideration):

 

(i) (where the Supplier is the person required to account to the relevant tax authority for the VAT) the Relevant Party must also pay to the Supplier (at the same time as paying that amount) an additional amount equal to the amount of the VAT. The Recipient must (where this paragraph (i) applies) promptly pay to the Relevant Party an amount equal to any credit or repayment the Recipient receives from the relevant tax authority which the Recipient reasonably determines relates to the VAT chargeable on that supply; and

  

(ii) (where the Recipient is the person required to account to the relevant tax authority for the VAT) the Relevant Party must promptly, following demand from the Recipient, pay to the Recipient an amount equal to the VAT chargeable on that supply but only to the extent that the Recipient reasonably determines that it is not entitled to credit or repayment from the relevant tax authority in respect of that VAT.

  

(c) Where a Finance Document requires any Party to reimburse or indemnify a Finance Party for any cost or expense, that Party shall reimburse or indemnify (as the case may be) such Finance Party for the full amount of such cost or expense, including such part thereof as represents VAT, save to the extent that such Finance Party reasonably determines that it is entitled to credit or repayment in respect of such VAT from the relevant tax authority.

  

(d) Any reference in this Clause 13.7 to any Party shall, at any time when such Party is treated as a member of a group for or unity (or fiscal unity) for VAT

 

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purposes, include (where appropriate and unless the context otherwise requires) a reference to the person who is treated at that time as making the supply, or (as appropriate) receiving the supply, under the grouping rules (provided for in Article 11 of Council Directive 2006/112/EC (or as implemented by the relevant member state of the European Union) or any other similar provision in any jurisdiction which is not a member state of the European Union) so that a reference to a party shall be construed as a reference to that party or the relevant group or unity (or fiscal unity) of which that party is a member for VAT purposes at the relevant time or the relevant representative member (or head) of that group or unity (or fiscal unity) at the relevant time (as the case may be).

 

(e) In relation to any supply made by a Finance Party to any Party under a Finance Document, if reasonably requested by such Finance Party, that Party must promptly provide such Finance Party with details of that Party’s VAT registration and such other information as is reasonably requested in connection with such Finance Party’s VAT reporting requirements in relation to such supply.

  

13.8 FATCA information

  

(a) Subject to paragraph (c) below, each Party shall, within ten Business Days of a reasonable request by another Party:

  

(i) confirm to that other Party whether it is:

  

(A) a FATCA Exempt Party; or

  

(B) not a FATCA Exempt Party;

  

(ii) supply to that other Party such forms, documentation and other information relating to its status under FATCA as that other Party reasonably requests for the purposes of that other Party’s compliance with FATCA; and

  

(iii) supply to that other Party such forms, documentation and other information relating to its status as that other Party reasonably requests for the purposes of that other Party’s compliance with any other law, regulation, or exchange of information regime.

  

(b) If a Party confirms to another Party pursuant to paragraph (a)(i) above that it is a FATCA Exempt Party and it subsequently becomes aware that it is not or has ceased to be a FATCA Exempt Party, that Party shall notify that other Party reasonably promptly.

  

(c) Paragraph (a) above shall not oblige any Finance Party to do anything, and paragraph (a)(iii) above shall not oblige any other Party to do anything, which would or might in its reasonable opinion constitute a breach of:

  

(i) any law or regulation;

  

(ii) any fiduciary duty; or

 

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(iii) any duty of confidentiality.

 

(d) If a Party fails to confirm whether or not it is a FATCA Exempt Party or to supply forms, documentation or other information requested in accordance with paragraph (a)(i) or (ii) above (including, for the avoidance of doubt, where paragraph (c) above applies), then such Party shall be treated for the purposes of the Finance Documents (and payments under them) as if it is not a FATCA Exempt Party until such time as the Party in question provides the requested confirmation, forms, documentation or other information.

  

13.9 FATCA Deduction

  

(a) Each Party may make any FATCA Deduction it is required to make by FATCA, and any payment required in connection with that FATCA Deduction, and no Party shall be required to increase any payment in respect of which it makes such a FATCA Deduction or otherwise compensate the recipient of the payment for that FATCA Deduction.

  

(b) Each Party shall promptly, upon becoming aware that it must make a FATCA Deduction (or that there is any change in the rate or the basis of such FATCA Deduction), notify the Party to whom it is making the payment and, in addition, shall notify the Company and the Agent and the Agent shall notify the other Finance Parties.

  

14. INCREASED COSTS

  

14.1 Increased costs

  

(a) Subject to Clause 14.3 (Exceptions) the Company shall, within three Business Days of a demand by the Agent, pay for the account of a Finance Party the amount of any Increased Costs incurred by that Finance Party or any of its Affiliates as a result of:

  

(i) the introduction of or any change in (or in the interpretation, administration or application of) any law or regulation after the date of this Agreement;

  

(ii) compliance with any law or regulation made after the date of this Agreement; or

  

(iii) the implementation or application of, or compliance with, Basel III or CRD IV or any law or regulation that implements or applies Basel III or CRD IV after the Signing Date (ARA).

  

(b) In this Agreement:

  

(i) Increased Costs” means:

  

(A) a reduction in the rate of return from a Facility or on a Finance Party’s (or its Affiliate’s) overall capital;

  

(B) an additional or increased cost; or

 

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(C) a reduction of any amount due and payable under any Finance Document,

 

which is incurred or suffered by a Finance Party or any of its Affiliates to the extent that it is attributable to that Finance Party having entered into its Commitment(s) or funding or performing its obligations under any Finance Document;

  

(ii) Basel III” means:

  

(A) the agreements on capital requirements, a leverage ratio and liquidity standards contained in “Basel III: A global regulatory framework for more resilient banks and banking systems”, “Basel III: International framework for liquidity risk measurement, standards and monitoring” and “Guidance for national authorities operating the countercyclical capital buffer” published by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision in December 2010, each as amended, supplemented or restated;

  

(B) the rules for global systemically important banks contained in “Global systemically important banks: assessment methodology and the additional loss absorbency requirement – Rules text” published by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision in November 2011, as amended, supplemented or restated; and

  

(C) any further guidance or standards published by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision relating to “Basel III”; and

  

(iii) CRD IV” means:

  

(A) Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 June 2013 on prudential requirements for credit institutions and investment firms; and

  

(B) Directive 2013/36/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 June 2013 on access to the activity of credit institutions and the prudential supervision of credit institutions and investment firms, amending Directive 2002/87/EC and repealing Directives 2006/48/EC and 2006/49/EC.

  

14.2 Increased cost claims

  

(a) A Finance Party intending to make a claim pursuant to Clause 14.1 (Increased costs) shall notify the Agent of the event giving rise to the claim, following which the Agent shall promptly notify the Company.

  

(b) A Finance Party intending to make a claim pursuant to paragraph (a)(iii) of Clause 14.1 (Increased costs) may only do so (i) to the extent that the Finance Party is making such claims from similar borrowers in relation to similar facilities (and it confirms the same to the Company) and (ii) to the extent such Increased Costs were not reasonably capable of being calculated by such Finance Party or its Affiliate (as applicable) as at the Signing Date (ARA).

 

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(c) Each Finance Party shall, together with its demand, provide a certificate confirming the amount and basis of calculation (in reasonable detail, provided that it shall not be required to disclose confidential or proprietary information or disclose information in breach of a legal or regulatory restriction applicable to it) of its Increased Costs.

 

14.3 Exceptions

  

(a) Clause 14.1 (Increased costs) does not apply to the extent any Increased Cost is:

  

(i) attributable to a Tax Deduction required by law to be made by an Obligor;

  

(ii) attributable to a FATCA Deduction required to be made by a Party;

  

(iii) compensated for by Clause 13.3 (Tax indemnity) (or would have been compensated for under Clause 13.3 (Tax indemnity) but was not so compensated solely because any of the exclusions in paragraph (b) of Clause 13.3 (Tax indemnity) applied);

 

(iv) attributable to the wilful breach by the relevant Finance Party or its Affiliates of any law or regulation; or

  

(v) attributable to the implementation or application of or compliance with the “International Convergence of Capital Measurement and Capital Standards, a Revised Framework” published by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision in June 2004 in the form existing on the date of this Agreement (but excluding any amendment arising out of Basel III) (Basel II) or any other law or regulation which implements Basel II (whether such implementation, application or compliance is by a government, regulator, Finance Party or any of its Affiliates).

   

(b) In this Clause 14.3, a reference to a “Tax Deduction” has the same meaning given to that term in Clause 13.1 (Definitions).

  

15. OTHER INDEMNITIES

  

15.1 Currency indemnity

  

(a) If any sum due from an Obligor under the Finance Documents (a “Sum”), or any order, judgment or award given or made in relation to a Sum, has to be converted from the currency (the “First Currency”) in which that Sum is payable into another currency (the “Second Currency”) for the purpose of:

  

(i) making or filing a claim or proof against that Obligor;

  

(ii) obtaining or enforcing an order, judgment or award in relation to any litigation or arbitration proceedings,

  

that Obligor shall as an independent obligation, within three Business Days of demand, indemnify each Finance Party to whom that Sum is due against any

 

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cost, loss or liability arising out of or as a result of the conversion including any discrepancy between (A) the rate of exchange used to convert that Sum from the First Currency into the Second Currency and (B) the rate or rates of exchange available to that person at the time of its receipt of that Sum.

 

(b) Each Obligor waives any right it may have in any jurisdiction to pay any amount under the Finance Documents in a currency or currency unit other than that in which it is expressed to be payable.

  

15.2 Other indemnities

  

The Company shall (or shall procure that an Obligor will), within three Business Days of demand, indemnify each Finance Party against any cost, loss or liability incurred by that Finance Party as a result of:

  

(a) the occurrence of any Event of Default;

  

(b) a failure by an Obligor to pay any amount due under a Finance Document on its due date, including without limitation, any cost, loss or liability arising as a result of Clause 28 (Sharing among the Finance Parties);

  

(c) funding, or making arrangements to fund, its participation in a Loan requested by a Borrower in a Utilisation Request but not made by reason of the operation of any one or more of the provisions of this Agreement (other than by reason of default or negligence by that Finance Party alone); or

  

(d) a Loan (or part of a Loan) not being prepaid in accordance with a notice of prepayment given by a Borrower or the Company.

  

15.3 Indemnity to the Agent

  

(a) The Company shall promptly indemnify the Agent against any cost, loss or liability incurred by the Agent (acting reasonably) as a result of:

  

(i) investigating any event which it reasonably believes is a Default;

  

(ii) acting or relying on any notice, request or instruction which it reasonably believes to be genuine, correct and appropriately authorised; or

  

(iii) instructing lawyers, accountants, tax advisers, surveyors or other professional advisers or experts as permitted under this Agreement.

  

(b) This indemnity given by the Company under or in connection with this Agreement is a continuing obligation, independent of the Company’s other obligations under or in connection with this Agreement or any other document and survives after this Agreement is terminated. It is not necessary for a person to pay any amount or incur any expense before enforcing an indemnity under or in connection with this Agreement or any other document.

 

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16. MITIGATION BY THE LENDERS

 

16.1 Mitigation

 

(a) Each Finance Party shall, in consultation with the Company, take all reasonable steps to mitigate any circumstances which arise and which would result in any Facility ceasing to be available or any amount becoming payable under or pursuant to, or cancelled pursuant to, any of Clause 8.1 (Illegality), Clause 13 (Tax gross-up and indemnities) or Clause 14 (Increased costs) including (but not limited to) transferring its rights and obligations under the Finance Documents to another Affiliate or Facility Office.

 

(b) Paragraph (a) above does not in any way limit the obligations of any Obligor under the Finance Documents.

 

16.2 Limitation of liability

  

(a) The Company shall promptly indemnify each Finance Party for all costs and expenses reasonably incurred by that Finance Party as a result of steps taken by it under Clause 16.1 (Mitigation).

 

(b) A Finance Party is not obliged to take any steps under Clause 16.1 (Mitigation) if, in the opinion of that Finance Party (acting reasonably), to do so might be prejudicial to it.

  

17. COSTS AND EXPENSES

  

17.1 Transaction expenses

 

The Company shall promptly on demand pay the Agent and the Arranger the amount of all reasonable and documented third party costs and expenses (including legal fees up to pre-agreed caps (if any)) reasonably incurred by any of them in connection with the negotiation, preparation, printing and execution of:

  

(a) this Agreement and any other documents referred to in this Agreement; and

 

(b) any other Finance Documents executed after the date of this Agreement.

  

17.2 Amendment costs

  

If (a) an Obligor requests an amendment, waiver or consent; or (b) an amendment is required pursuant to Clause 29.10 (Change of currency), the Company shall, within three Business Days of demand, reimburse the Agent for the amount of all reasonable and documented third party costs and expenses (including legal fees up to pre-agreed caps (if any)) reasonably incurred by the Agent in responding to, evaluating, negotiating or complying with that request or requirement.

  

17.3 Enforcement costs

  

The Company shall, within three Business Days of demand, pay to each Finance Party the amount of all costs and expenses (including legal fees) incurred by that Finance

 

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Party in connection with the enforcement of, or the preservation of any rights under, any Finance Document.

 

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SECTION 7

GUARANTEE

 

18. GUARANTEE AND INDEMNITY

 

18.1 Guarantee and indemnity

 

Each Guarantor irrevocably and unconditionally jointly and severally:

 

(a) guarantees to each Finance Party punctual performance by each other Obligor of all that Obligor’s obligations under the Finance Documents;

 

(b) undertakes with each Finance Party that whenever an Obligor does not pay any amount when due under or in connection with any Finance Document, that Guarantor shall immediately on demand pay that amount as if it was the principal obligor; and

 

(c) agrees with each Finance Party that if any obligation guaranteed by it is or becomes unenforceable, invalid or illegal it will, as an independent and primary obligation, indemnify that Finance Party immediately on demand against any cost, loss or liability it incurs as a result of an Obligor not paying any amount which would, but for such unenforceability, invalidity or illegality, have been payable by it under any Finance Document on the date when it would have been due. The amount payable by a Guarantor under this indemnity will not exceed the amount it would have had to pay under this Clause 18 if the amount claimed had been recoverable on the basis of a guarantee.

 

18.2 Continuing guarantee

 

This guarantee is a continuing guarantee and will extend to the ultimate balance of sums payable by any Obligor under the Finance Documents, regardless of any intermediate payment or discharge in whole or in part.

 

18.3 Reinstatement

 

If any discharge, release or arrangement (whether in respect of the obligations of any Obligor or any security for those obligations or otherwise) is made by a Finance Party in whole or in part on the basis of any payment, security or other disposition which is avoided or must be restored in insolvency, liquidation, administration, examinership or otherwise, without limitation, then the liability of each Guarantor under this Clause 18 will continue or be reinstated as if the discharge, release or arrangement had not occurred.

 

18.4 Waiver of defences

 

The obligations of each Guarantor under this Clause 18 will not be affected by an act, omission, matter or thing which, but for this Clause, would reduce, release or prejudice any of its obligations under this Clause 18 (without limitation and whether or not known to it or any Finance Party) including:

 

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(a) any time, waiver or consent granted to, or composition with, any Obligor or other person;

 

(b) the release of any other Obligor or any other person under the terms of any composition or arrangement with any creditor of any member of the Group;

 

(c) the taking, variation, compromise, exchange, renewal or release of, or refusal or neglect to perfect, take up or enforce, any rights against, or security over assets of, any Obligor or other person or any non-presentation or non- observance of any formality or other requirement in respect of any instrument or any failure to realise the full value of any security;

 

(d) any incapacity or lack of power, authority or legal personality of or dissolution or change in the members or status of an Obligor or any other person;

 

(e) any amendment, novation, supplement, extension, restatement (however fundamental and whether or not more onerous) or replacement of any Finance Document or any other document or security including without limitation any change in the purpose of, any extension of or any increase in any facility or the addition of any new facility under any Finance Document or other document or security;

 

(f) any unenforceability, illegality or invalidity of any obligation of any person under any Finance Document or any other document or security; or

 

(g) any insolvency or similar proceedings.

 

Each Spanish Obligor expressly declares that this Clause 18 constitutes a first demand guarantee (garantía abstracta a primera demanda) and hence the principles of exclusion, priority and division (beneficios de excusión, orden y división) under Article 1830 et. seq. of the Spanish Civil Code are not applicable.

 

18.5 Immediate recourse

 

Each Guarantor waives any right it may have of first requiring any Finance Party (or any trustee or agent on its behalf) to proceed against or enforce any other rights or security or claim payment from any person before claiming from that Guarantor under this Clause 18. This waiver applies irrespective of any law or any provision of a Finance Document to the contrary.

 

18.6 Appropriations

 

Until all amounts which may be or become payable by the Obligors under or in connection with the Finance Documents have been irrevocably paid in full, each Finance Party (or any trustee or agent on its behalf) may:

 

(a) refrain from applying or enforcing any other moneys, security or rights held or received by that Finance Party (or any trustee or agent on its behalf) in respect of those amounts, or apply and enforce the same in such manner and order as it sees fit (whether against those amounts or otherwise) and no Guarantor shall be entitled to the benefit of the same; and

 

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(b) hold in an interest-bearing suspense account any moneys received from any Guarantor or on account of any Guarantor’s liability under this Clause 18.

 

18.7 Deferral of Guarantors’ rights

 

Until all amounts which may be or become payable by the Obligors under or in connection with the Finance Documents have been irrevocably paid in full and unless the Agent otherwise directs, no Guarantor will exercise any rights which it may have by reason of performance by it of its obligations under the Finance Documents or by reason of any amount being payable, or liability arising, under this Clause 18:

 

(a) to be indemnified by an Obligor;

 

(b) to claim any contribution from any other guarantor of any Obligor’s obligations under the Finance Documents;

 

(c) to take the benefit (in whole or in part and whether by way of subrogation or otherwise) of any rights of the Finance Parties under the Finance Documents or of any other guarantee or security taken pursuant to, or in connection with, the Finance Documents by any Finance Party;

 

(d) to bring legal or other proceedings for an order requiring any Obligor to make any payment, or perform any obligation, in respect of which any Guarantor has given a guarantee, undertaking or indemnity under Clause 18.1 (Guarantee and indemnity);

 

(e) to exercise any right of set-off against any Obligor; and/or

 

(f) to claim or prove as a creditor of any Obligor in competition with any Finance Party.

 

If a Guarantor receives any benefit, payment or distribution in relation to such rights it shall hold that benefit, payment or distribution to the extent necessary to enable all amounts which may be or become payable to the Finance Parties by the Obligors under or in connection with the Finance Documents to be repaid in full on trust for the Finance Parties and shall promptly pay or transfer the same to the Agent or as the Agent may direct for application in accordance with Clause 29 (Payment mechanics).

 

18.8 Release of Guarantors’ right of contribution

 

If any Guarantor (a “Retiring Guarantor”) ceases to be a Guarantor in accordance with the terms of the Finance Documents for the purpose of any sale or other disposal of that Retiring Guarantor then on the date such Retiring Guarantor ceases to be a Guarantor:

 

(a) that Retiring Guarantor is released by each other Guarantor from any liability (whether past, present or future and whether actual or contingent) to make a contribution to any other Guarantor arising by reason of the performance by any other Guarantor of its obligations under the Finance Documents; and

 

(b) each other Guarantor waives any rights it may have by reason of the performance of its obligations under the Finance Documents to take the

 

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benefit (in whole or in part and whether by way of subrogation or otherwise) of any rights of the Finance Parties under any Finance Document or of any other security taken pursuant to, or in connection with, any Finance Document where such rights or security are granted by or in relation to the assets of the Retiring Guarantor.

 

18.9 Additional security

 

This guarantee is in addition to and is not in any way prejudiced by any other guarantee or security now or subsequently held by any Finance Party.

 

18.10 Luxembourg Limitation

 

(a) The guarantee granted by any Guarantor which is incorporated and established in the Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg (a “Luxembourg Guarantor”) under this Clause 19 (Guarantee and Indemnity) shall be limited at any time to an aggregate amount not exceeding the higher of:

 

(i) 99% of such Luxembourg Guarantor’s capitaux propres (as referred to in article 34 of the Luxembourg law dated 19 December 2002 on the commercial register and annual accounts, as amended (the “2002 Law”), and as implemented by the Grand-Ducal regulation dated 18 December 2015 setting out the form and the content of the presentation of the balance sheet and profit and loss account (the “Regulation”)) determined as at the date on which a demand is made under the guarantee, increased by the amount of any Intra-Group Liabilities, and

 

(ii) 99% of such Luxembourg Guarantor’s capitaux propres (as referred to in article 34 of the 2002 Law) determined as at the date of this Agreement, increased by the amount of any Intra-Group Liabilities.

 

(b) The amount of the capitaux propres under this Clause shall be determined by the Agent acting in its sole commercially reasonable discretion and shall be adjusted (by derogation to the rules contained in the 2002 Law and the Regulation) to take into account the fair value rather than book value of the assets of the Luxembourg Guarantor.

 

(c) For the purpose of this Clause, “Intra-Group Liabilities” shall mean any amounts owed by the Luxembourg Guarantor to any other member of the Group and that have not been financed (directly or indirectly) by a borrowing under the Finance Documents.

 

(d) The above limitation shall not apply:

 

(iii) in respect of any amounts due under the Finance Documents by an Obligor which is a direct or indirect subsidiary of that Luxembourg Guarantor;

 

(iv) in respect of any amounts due under the Finance Documents by an Obligor which is not a direct or indirect subsidiary of that Luxembourg Guarantor and which have been on-lent to or made available by

 

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whatever means, directly or indirectly, to that Luxembourg Guarantor or any of its direct or indirect subsidiaries.

 

(e) The obligations of a Luxembourg Guarantor under this Clause 18 (Guarantee and Indemnity) shall exclude any obligations that, if included, would constitute a breach of any applicable prohibitions on the provision of financial assistance or that would constitute a misuse of corporate assets.

 

18.11 Danish Obligors

 

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement or any other Finance Document, the obligations of each Guarantor with an Original Jurisdiction of Denmark (a “Danish Obligor”) under this Agreement or any other Finance Document to which it is a party:

 

(a) shall be limited if and to the extent required to comply with Danish statutory provisions including, without limitation, (i) Section 206(1) (as modified by Section 206(2)) of Consolidated Act No. 763 of 23 July 2019 on public and private limited liability companies as amended and supplemented from time to time (the “Danish Companies Act”) and (ii) Section 210(1) (as modified by Section 210(2) and Sections 211 and 212 of the Danish Companies Act), and, accordingly, shall not include, and shall not be or be construed as, any indemnity, guarantee or security in respect of:

 

(i) any obligations incurred or undertaken in relation to the financing of an acquisition of shares issued or to become issued by such Danish Obligor or by a direct or indirect parent company of such Danish Obligor (“Acquisition Debt”); nor

 

(ii) any obligations other than Acquisition Debt of a direct or indirect Non Qualifying Shareholder; and

 

(b) shall further be limited to the amount equivalent to the higher of the Equity:

 

(i) at the date of this Agreement (or, if such Danish Obligor is not an Original Guarantor, on the date upon which it accedes to this Agreement as an Additional Guarantor); and

 

(ii) at the time or times that payment is requested from it,

 

save that these limitations shall not apply to any obligations and liabilities of a Danish Obligor in respect of amounts relating to the Facilities and placed at the disposal of the Danish Obligor by a Borrower by way of a loan or otherwise (other than as share capital).

 

For the purposes of this Clause 18.11:

 

Equity” means the equity (in Danish: egenkapital) of the Danish Obligor (or, as the case may be, its Danish subsidiary) calculated in accordance with applicable generally accepted Danish accounting principles consistently applied, however, adjusted (upwards) to market value if and to the extent book value of an asset differs from the market value at such time.

 

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Non Qualifying Shareholder” means any shareholder other than a parent company which is incorporated under the laws of any country covered by Executive Order No. 85 of 30 January 2020 on loans etc to foreign parent companies, as amended and supplemented from time to time.

 

18.12 Irish Obligors

 

This guarantee does not apply to any liability of any Irish Obligor to the extent that it would result in this guarantee constituting unlawful financial assistance within the meaning of Section 82 of the Irish Companies Act.

 

18.13 Dutch Obligors

 

Notwithstanding any contrary indication in this Agreement, in relation to each Obligor with an Original Jurisdiction in the Netherlands and any of its subsidiaries and in relation to Obligors that are subsidiaries of a Dutch company in which shares have been or will be acquired, the guarantee, indemnity and other obligations of such entity shall be limited to the extent required to comply with restrictions on financial assistance in Section 2:98c of the Dutch Civil Code (Burgerlijk Wetboek) or any other applicable law (the “Prohibition”) and the provisions of this Agreement and the other Finance Documents shall be construed accordingly. For the avoidance of doubt, it is expressly acknowledged that the relevant Dutch Obligors will continue to guarantee all such obligations which, if included, do not constitute a violation of the Prohibition. For the purpose of this Clause 18.13, “subsidiaries” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 2:24a of the Dutch Civil Code (Burgerlijk Wetboek).

 

18.14 Germany Guarantors

 

(a) To the extent that the guarantee and indemnity to be granted by a Guarantor pursuant to this Clause 18 (Guarantee and Indemnity) and under any other Finance Document (the “Guarantee”) is granted by a German Guarantor incorporated in Germany as a limited liability company (GmbH) and the Guarantee of the German Guarantor guarantees amounts which are owed by direct or indirect shareholders of the German Guarantor or Subsidiaries of such shareholders (with the exception of Subsidiaries which are also Subsidiaries of the German Guarantor), the Guarantee of the German Guarantor shall be subject to certain limitations as set out in the following paragraphs.

 

(b) Subject to paragraphs (d) and (e) below, a Finance Party shall not be entitled to enforce the Guarantee to the extent that such enforcement has the effect of:

 

(i) reducing the German Guarantor’s net assets (Nettovermögen) (the “Net Assets”) to an amount less than its stated share capital (Stammkapital), or

 

(ii) (if its Net Assets are already lower than its stated share capital) causing such amount to be further reduced,

 

and thereby affects the German Guarantor’s assets which are required for the obligatory preservation of its stated share capital according to §§ 30, 31 of the

 

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German Act on Companies with Limited Liabilities (Gesetz betreffend die Gesellschaften mit beschränkter Haftung, GmbH-Act”) (the “Limitation on Enforcement” or “Limitation Event”).

 

(c) The value of the Net Assets shall be determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles consistently applied by the German Guarantor in preparing its unconsolidated balance sheets (Jahresabschluss according to § 42 GmbH-Act, §§ 242, 264 of the German Commercial Code (Handelsgesetzbuch HGB)) in the previous years, save that:

  

(i) the amount of any increase of the stated share capital (Stammkapital) of the German Guarantor registered after the date on which that German Guarantor became a Party without the prior written consent of the Agent (acting on the instructions of the Majority Lenders) which is made out of retained earnings (Kapitalerhöhung aus Gesellschaftsmitteln) as well as the amount of the registered share capital (Stammkapital) of the German Guarantor which is not paid-up (eingezahlt) shall be deducted from the stated share capital registered at that time;

 

(ii) funds provided to the German Guarantor by a member of the Group shall be disregarded if such loans are subordinated (including obligations that would in an insolvency be subordinated pursuant to section 39 para. 1 no 5 or section 39 para 2 of the German Insolvency Code (Insolvenzordnung)); or

 

(iii) loans provided to, or any other contractual liability incurred by, the German Guarantor shall be disregarded if they have been granted or incurred in violation of provisions of any Finance Document.

 

(d) The Limitation on Enforcement shall only apply if and to the extent the German Guarantor delivers (within 30 calendar days (or such longer period as has been agreed between the German Guarantor and the respective Finance Party) from the date following that Finance Party’s demand under the Guarantee) to the relevant Finance Party an up-to-date balance sheet drawn up by a firm of auditors of international standing and reputation, together with a determination of the amount of the German Guarantor’s Net Assets, and a confirmation if, and to what extent, the German Guarantor is able to pay (the “Auditor’s Determination”). The amounts determined in the Auditor’s Determination shall be binding for all Parties (except for manifest errors).

 

(e) If the enforcement of the Guarantee leads to the occurrence of a Limitation Event, then the German Guarantor shall realise its assets that are shown in its balance sheet with a book value (Buchwert) which is significantly lower than their market value to the extent that such assets are not necessary for the relevant German Guarantor’s business (nicht betriebsnotwendig) and to the extent that such realisation is necessary to satisfy the amount owed under the Guarantee.

 

(f) The Limitation on Enforcement does not affect the right of a Finance Party to claim again any outstanding amount at a later point in time if and to the extent

 

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that this Clause 18.14 would allow this at that later point. If a Finance Party ascertains that the financial condition of the German Guarantor as set out in the Auditors’ Determination has improved, that Finance Party may, at the German Guarantor`s cost and expense, arrange for the preparation of an updated balance sheet of the German Guarantor by applying the same principles that were used for the preparation of the Auditors’ Determination in order for such auditors to determine if and to what extent the German Guarantor’s Net Assets are not any longer reduced below zero (Begründung einer Unterbilanz) or no longer further reduced if already below zero (Vertiefung einer Unterbilanz) as a result of the improvement of the financial condition of the German Guarantor.

 

(g) The Limitation on Enforcement shall not apply if and to the extent that:

 

(i) the German Guarantor has not complied with its obligations under paragraph above (d) within the time periods specified therein;

 

(ii) the German Guarantor guarantees amounts which correspond to funds that have been borrowed under any Finance Document and have been on-lent to, or otherwise been passed on to, the German Guarantor or any of its Subsidiaries, if and to the extent that any such amount is still outstanding at the time the demand under the Guarantee is made against such German Guarantor;

 

(iii) the German Guarantor (as dominated entity and/or transferor) is subject to a profit and loss pooling agreement (Beherrschungs und/oder Gewinnabführungsvertrag) on the date of the enforcement of the Guarantee, or on the date of the first demand under the Guarantee, if the termination of such domination and/or profit and loss pooling agreement has been caused following the enforcement request, except where the existence of such domination and/or profit and loss agreement does not prevent the assertion or enforcement of the Guarantee from causing a Limitation Event in violation of §§ 30, 31 GmbH-Act; and

 

(iv) if and to the extent the German Guarantor holds on the date of the enforcement of the Guarantee a fully valuable and recoverable indemnity or claim for refund (vollwertiger Gegenleistungs-oder Rückgewähranspruch) against any of its direct or indirect shareholders or Subsidiaries of such shareholders (other than Subsidiaries of the German Guarantor) with respect to the relevant payments under the Guarantee.

 

(h) This Clause 18.14 shall not affect the enforceability (other than as specifically set out herein), legality or validity of the Guarantee and a Finance Party is entitled to claim in court that making payments under the Guarantee by the relevant German Guarantor does not fall within the scope of §§ 30,31 of the GmbH-Act. The Finance Parties’ rights to any remedies they may have against the relevant German Guarantor shall not be limited if it is finally ascertained in court that §§ 30,31 GmbH-Act did not apply or that a personal liability of the managing directors of the German Guarantor will not occur. The

 

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agreement of the Finance Parties to abstain from demanding any or part of the payment under the Guarantee in accordance with the provisions of this Clause 18 (Guarantee and Indemnity) shall not constitute a waiver (Verzicht) of any right granted under any Finance Document to the Finance Parties.

 

(i) Should new legislation or jurisprudence of a higher regional court (Oberlandesgericht) (and no other German higher regional court is in conflict with such decision) or the Federal Court of Justice (Bundesgerichtshof) come into force after the date hereof and should such law or court ruling state that the relevant time for the determination, if and to what extent a liability of the managing directors (Geschäftsführer) of the German Guarantor pursuant to §§43, 31 para. 6 GmbH-Act (or any other provision imposing a similar personal liability) is caused, is the time of the granting of the Guarantee, the Finance Parties shall upon the German Guarantor’s managing directors’ request enter into negotiations on possible amendments to this Clause 18.14 to the extent necessary to avoid the managing directors’ personal liability pursuant to §§43, 31 para. 6 GmbH-Act (or any other provision imposing a similar personal liability).

   

(j) This Clause 18.14 shall apply mutatis mutandis if the Guarantee is granted by a German Guarantor established as a limited liability partnership (Kommanditgesellschaft) in relation to each general partner (Komplementär) incorporated as a limited liability company (GmbH).

 

18.15 Additional Guarantors

 

With respect to any Additional Guarantor incorporated in a jurisdiction not specifically referred to in this Clause 18, any guarantee provided by such Additional Guarantor shall be subject to any limitations set out in the Accession Letter applicable to such Additional Guarantor.

 

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SECTION 8

REPRESENTATIONS, UNDERTAKINGS AND EVENTS OF DEFAULT

 

19. REPRESENTATIONS

 

Each Obligor (or, in the case of Clause 19.10 (No misleading information) and Clause 19.12 (Financial statements), the Parent only) makes the representations and warranties set out in this Clause 19 to each Finance Party on the date of this Agreement.

 

19.1 Status

 

(a) It is a corporation, limited liability company or partnership with limited liability duly incorporated or, in the case of a partnership, established and validly existing under the law of its Original Jurisdiction.

 

(b) It and each of its Subsidiaries has the power to own its assets and carry on its business as it is being conducted.

 

19.2 Binding obligations

 

Subject to the Legal Reservations, the obligations expressed to be assumed by it in each Finance Document are legal, valid, binding and enforceable obligations.

 

19.3 Non-conflict with other obligations

 

The entry into and performance by it of, and the transactions contemplated by, the Finance Documents do not and will not conflict with:

 

(a) any law or regulation applicable to it;

 

(b) its or any of its Material Subsidiaries’ constitutional documents; or

 

(c) any agreement or instrument binding upon it or any of its Subsidiaries or any of its or any of its Subsidiaries’ assets to the extent that has or could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

19.4 Power and authority

 

It has the power to enter into, perform and deliver, and has taken all necessary action to authorise its entry into, performance and delivery of, the Finance Documents to which it is a party and the transactions contemplated by those Finance Documents.

 

19.5 Validity and admissibility in evidence

 

All Authorisations required:

 

(a) to enable it lawfully to enter into, exercise its rights and comply with its obligations in the Finance Documents to which it is a party; and

 

(b) to make the Finance Documents to which it is a party admissible in evidence in its Original Jurisdiction,

 

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have been obtained or effected and are in full force and effect.

 

19.6 Governing law and enforcement

 

(a) Subject to the Legal Reservations, the choice of English law as the governing law of the Finance Documents will be recognised and enforced in its Original Jurisdiction.

 

(b) Subject to the Legal Reservations, any judgment obtained in England in relation to a Finance Document will be recognised and enforced in its Original Jurisdiction.

 

19.7 Deduction of Tax

 

It is not required to make any Tax Deduction (as defined in Clause 13.1 (Definitions)) from any payment it may make under any Finance Document to a Lender which is:

 

(a) in respect of any payment by a UK Borrower or by a Guarantor in respect of an amount due by a UK Borrower:

 

(i) a UK Domestic Lender:

 

(A) falling within paragraph (i) of the definition of UK Domestic Lender;

 

(B) except where a Direction has been given under section 931 of the ITA in relation to the payment concerned, falling within paragraph (ii) of the definition of UK Domestic Lender; or

 

(C) falling within paragraph (iii) of the definition of UK Domestic Lender or;

 

(ii) a UK Treaty Lender and the payment is one specified in a direction given by the Commissioners of Revenue & Customs under Regulation 2 of the Double Taxation Relief (Taxes on Income) (General) Regulations 1970 (SI 1970/488); or

 

(b) in respect of any payment by a Dutch Borrower or by a Guarantor in respect of an amount due by a Dutch Borrower, a Dutch Qualifying Lender.

 

19.8 No filing or stamp taxes

 

Under the law of its Original Jurisdiction it is not necessary that the Finance Documents be filed, recorded or enrolled with any court or other authority in that jurisdiction or that any stamp, registration or similar tax be paid on or in relation to the Finance Documents or the transactions contemplated by the Finance Documents, save that the registration of any Finance Documents with the Administration de l’Enregistrement et des Domaines in Luxembourg may be required (i) in case of a voluntary registration or if the Finance Documents are attached (annexés) to a deed subject to mandatory, or (ii) attached (annexés) to a deed subject to mandatory registration, or (iii) lodged with a notary’s record (deposés au rang des minutes d’un

 

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notaire) in which case, depending on the nature of the document subject to registration, a small fixed duty (i.e. €12) or an ad valorem would become payable.

 

19.9 No default

 

(a) No Event of Default is continuing or might reasonably be expected to result from the making of any Utilisation.

 

(b) No other event or circumstance is outstanding which constitutes a default under any other agreement or instrument which is binding on it or any of its Subsidiaries or to which its (or any of its Subsidiaries’) assets are subject which has or could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

19.10 No misleading information

 

The written factual information about the Group contained in:

 

(a) the Prospectus; or

 

(b) an RNS announcement by the Parent where such information was or could reasonably be expected to be relevant to the decision of a Lender to enter into the Amendment and Restatement Agreement,

 

was not untrue, incomplete or misleading in a material respect as at the date it was expressed to be given.

 

19.11 Intellectual Property

 

It and each of its Subsidiaries:

 

(a) is the sole legal and beneficial owner of or has licensed to it on normal commercial terms all the Intellectual Property which is material in the context of its business and which is required by it in order to carry on its business as it is being conducted at the date of this Agreement (“Material Intellectual Property”);

 

(b) does not (nor does any of its Subsidiaries), in carrying on its businesses, infringe any Intellectual Property of any third party; and

 

(c) has taken all formal or procedural actions (including payment of fees) required to maintain any Material Intellectual Property owned by it,

 

in each case, save for where failure to comply with such requirements has not had and could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

19.12 Financial statements

 

(a) Its Original Financial Statements were prepared in accordance with IFRS consistently applied.

 

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(b) Its Original Financial Statements fairly present its consolidated financial condition as at the end of the relevant Financial Year and operations during the relevant Financial Year.

 

(c) There has been no material adverse change in the business or consolidated financial condition of the Group since the date of the Original Financial Statements.

 

19.13 Pari passu ranking

 

Its payment obligations under the Finance Documents rank at least pari passu with the claims of all its other unsecured and unsubordinated creditors, except for obligations mandatorily preferred by law applying to companies generally.

 

19.14 No proceedings

 

(a) No litigation, arbitration or administrative proceedings of or before any court, arbitral body or agency which could reasonably be expected to be adversely determined, and if so adversely determined, could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect has or have (to the best of its knowledge and belief) been started or threatened against it or any of its Subsidiaries.

 

(b) No judgment or order of a court, arbitral body or agency which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect has (to the best of its knowledge and belief) been made against it or any of its Subsidiaries.

 

19.15 Sanctions

 

As far as it is aware (having made due and careful inquiry), neither the Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries or directors:

 

(a) is a Restricted Party or is engaging in or has engaged in any transaction or conduct that will result in it becoming a Restricted Party;

 

(b) is subject to any claim, proceeding, formal notice or formal investigation with respect to Sanctions;

 

(c) is engaging in or has engaged in any transaction that evades or avoids, or has the purpose of evading or avoiding, or breaches any Sanctions applicable to it; or

 

(d) has engaged in or is engaging in any trade or business directly with or for the benefit of a Restricted Party, to the extent that such engagement would lead to non-compliance by it or its Subsidiaries or any Party with any Sanctions.

 

19.16 Anti-Corruption

 

Each member of the Group has conducted its business in compliance with applicable anti-corruption laws and has instituted and maintained policies and procedures designed to promote and achieve compliance with such laws.

 

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19.17 Repetition

 

(a) The Repeating Representations are deemed to be made by each Obligor (by reference to the facts and circumstances then existing) on:

 

(i) the date of each Utilisation Request and the first day of each Interest Period; and

 

(ii) in the case of an Additional Obligor, the day on which the company becomes (or it is proposed that the company becomes) an Additional Obligor.

 

(b) The representations set out in Clause 19.10 (No misleading information) and Clause 19.12 (Financial statements) are deemed to be made by Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. (by reference to the facts and circumstances then existing) on the date on which it becomes (or it is proposed that it becomes) an Additional Obligor (and, for the avoidance of doubt, on the basis that Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. is the “Parent” and Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. and its Subsidiaries for the time being is the “Group”).

 

20. INFORMATION UNDERTAKINGS

 

The undertakings in this Clause 20 remain in force from the date of this Agreement for so long as any amount is outstanding under the Finance Documents or any Commitment is in force.

 

20.1 Financial statements

 

The Parent shall supply to the Agent in sufficient copies for all the Lenders:

 

(a) (subject to paragraph (c) below) as soon as the same become available, but in any event within 120 days after the end of each of its Financial Years:

 

(i) with respect to each Financial Year ending prior to the date on which all the Takeaway Accessions occur, the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for that Financial Year; and

 

(ii) with respect to each Financial Year ending on or after the date on which all the Takeaway Accessions occur, Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V.’s audited consolidated financial statements for that Financial Year; and

 

(b) as soon as the same become available, but in any event within 90 days after 30 June in each Financial Year:

 

(i) with respect to each first financial half year ending prior to the date on which all the Takeaway Accessions occur, the Company’s unaudited consolidated financial statements for that financial half year; and

 

(ii) with respect to each first financial half year ending on or after the date on which all the Takeaway Accessions occur, Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V.’s unaudited consolidated financial statements for that financial half year.

 

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(c) in the case of the Company’s Financial Year ended 31 December 2019:

 

(i) as soon as they become available, but in any event within 120 days after 31 December 2019, the Company’s unaudited consolidated financial statements for that Financial Year; and

 

(ii) as soon as they become available, but in any event within 180 days after 31 December 2019, the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for that Financial Year.

 

20.2 Compliance Certificate

 

(a) The Parent shall supply to the Agent, with each set of financial statements delivered pursuant to Clause 20.1 (Financial statements), a Compliance Certificate setting out (in reasonable detail):

 

(i) computations as to compliance with Clause 21 (Financial covenants) as at the date as at which those financial statements were drawn up;

 

(ii) the applicable Margin;

 

(iii) confirmation of compliance with Clause 22.8 (Guarantors); and

 

(iv) details of all Material Subsidiaries.

 

(b) Each Compliance Certificate shall be signed by the Chief Financial Officer of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. or the Company (as applicable) or two directors of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. or the Company (as applicable).

 

20.3 Requirements as to financial statements

 

(a) Each set of financial statements delivered by the Parent pursuant to Clause 20.1 (Financial statements) shall be certified by a director of the relevant company as fairly presenting its consolidated financial condition as at the date as at which those financial statements were drawn up.


(b) The Parent shall procure that each set of financial statements delivered pursuant to Clause 20.1 (Financial statements) is prepared in accordance with the applicable Accounting Principles, accounting practices and financial reference periods consistent with those applied in the preparation of the relevant Original Financial Statements unless, in relation to any set of financial statements, the Parent notifies the Agent that there has been a change in those Accounting Principles, the accounting practices or reference periods, and, in the case of a change that affects the calculation of the financial covenants, Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V.’s auditors (or, if appropriate, the auditors of the Company or any relevant Obligor) deliver to the Agent:

 

(i) a description of any change necessary for those financial statements to reflect the Accounting Principles, accounting practices and reference

 

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periods upon which the relevant Original Financial Statements were prepared; and

 

(ii) sufficient information, in form and substance as may be reasonably required by the Agent, to enable the Lenders to determine whether Clause 21 (Financial covenants) has been complied with and make an accurate comparison between the financial position indicated in those financial statements and the relevant Original Financial Statements.

 

Any reference in this Agreement to those financial statements shall be construed as a reference to those financial statements as adjusted to reflect the basis upon which the relevant Original Financial Statements were prepared.

 

(c) If the Parent notifies the Agent of a change in accordance with paragraph (b) above then the Parent and Lenders shall enter into negotiations in good faith for a period of 30 days with a view to agreeing:

 

(i) whether or not the change might result in any material alteration in the commercial effect of any of the terms of this Agreement; and

 

(ii) if so, any amendments to this Agreement which may be necessary to ensure that the change does not result in any material alteration in the commercial effect of those terms,

 

and if any amendments are agreed they shall take effect and be binding on each of the Parties in accordance with their terms.

 

20.4 Information: miscellaneous

 

(a) The Parent shall supply to the Agent (in sufficient copies for all the Lenders, if the Agent so requests):

 

(i) all documents required by law to be dispatched by the Parent to its shareholders (or any class of them) or its creditors generally at the same time as they are dispatched;

 

(ii) promptly upon becoming aware of them, the details of any litigation, arbitration or administrative proceedings which are current, threatened or pending against any member of the Group, and which would, if adversely determined, be reasonably expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; and

 

(iii) promptly, such further information regarding the financial condition, business and operations of any member of the Group as any Finance Party (through the Agent) may reasonably request, except to the extent that disclosure of the information would breach any law, regulation, stock exchange requirement or duty of confidentiality.

 

(b) The Company shall, promptly upon become aware of it, notify the Agent of any published decision of the Competition and Markets Authority relating to the Combination and shall, following the CMA Approval, provide regular

 

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updates to the Agent on the process for having the Acceding Takeaway Entities become Additional Obligors.

 

20.5 Notification of default

 

(a) Each Obligor shall notify the Agent of any Default (and the steps, if any, being taken to remedy it) promptly upon becoming aware of its occurrence (unless that Obligor is aware that a notification has already been provided by another Obligor).

 

(b) Promptly upon a request by the Agent, the Company shall supply to the Agent a certificate signed by two of its directors or senior officers on its behalf certifying that no Default is continuing (or if a Default is continuing, specifying the Default and the steps, if any, being taken to remedy it).

 

20.6 Direct electronic delivery by Company

 

The Parent and/or the Company may satisfy its obligation under this Agreement to deliver any information in relation to a Lender by delivering that information directly in accordance with Clause 31.6 (Electronic communication) to the extent that Lender and the Agent agree to this method of delivery.

 

20.7 “Know your customer” checks

 

(a) If:

 

(i) the introduction of or any change in (or in the interpretation, administration or application of) any law or regulation made after the date of this Agreement;

 

(ii) any change in the status of an Obligor (or of a Holding Company of an Obligor) after the date of this Agreement; or

 

(iii) a proposed assignment or transfer by a Lender of any of its rights and obligations under this Agreement to a party that is not a Lender prior to such assignment or transfer,

 

obliges the Agent or any Lender (or, in the case of paragraph (iii) above, any prospective new Lender) to comply with “know your customer” or similar identification procedures in circumstances where the necessary information is not already available to it, each Obligor shall promptly upon the request of the Agent or any Lender supply, or procure the supply of, such documentation and other evidence as is reasonably requested by the Agent (for itself or on behalf of any Lender) or any Lender (for itself or, in the case of the event described in paragraph (iii) above, on behalf of any prospective new Lender) in order for the Agent, such Lender or, in the case of the event described in paragraph (iii) above, any prospective new Lender to carry out and be satisfied it has complied with all necessary “know your customer” or other similar checks under all applicable laws and regulations pursuant to the transactions contemplated in the Finance Documents.

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(b) Each Lender shall promptly upon the request of the Agent supply, or procure the supply of, such documentation and other evidence as is reasonably requested by the Agent (for itself) in order for the Agent to carry out and be satisfied it has complied with all necessary “know your customer” or other similar checks under all applicable laws and regulations pursuant to the transactions contemplated in the Finance Documents.

 

(c) The Parent and/or the Company shall, by not less than ten Business Days’ prior written notice to the Agent, notify the Agent (which shall promptly notify the Lenders) of its intention to request that any of its Subsidiaries (or, in accordance with Clause 22.13 (Takeaway Accessions) and Clause 25.7 (Takeaway Accessions) Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. or one of its Subsidiaries) becomes an Additional Obligor pursuant to Clause 25 (Changes to the Obligors).

 

(d) Following the giving of any notice pursuant to paragraph (c) above, if the accession of such Additional Obligor obliges the Agent or any Lender to comply with “know your customer” or similar identification procedures in circumstances where the necessary information is not already available to it, the Company shall promptly upon the request of the Agent or any Lender supply, or procure the supply of, such documentation and other evidence as is reasonably requested by the Agent (for itself or on behalf of any Lender) or any Lender (for itself or on behalf of any prospective new Lender) in order for the Agent or such Lender or any prospective new Lender to carry out and be satisfied it has complied with all necessary “know your customer” or other similar checks under all applicable laws and regulations pursuant to the accession of such Subsidiary to this Agreement as an Additional Obligor.

 

21. FINANCIAL COVENANTS

 

21.1 Financial definitions

 

In this Clause 21:

 

Adjusted EBITDA” means, in relation to a Relevant Period, Underlying EBITDA for that Relevant Period adjusted by:

 

(a) including the earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (calculated on the same basis as Underlying EBITDA) attributable to an acquired entity for that part of the Relevant Period following its acquisition;

 

(b) excluding the earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (calculated on the same basis as Underlying EBITDA) attributable to any sold entity; and

 

(c) excluding one-off or non-recurring costs associated with any acquisition not prohibited by this Agreement (or which has been consented to by the requisite majority of Lenders) or Permitted Disposal payable to a person which is not a member of the Group to the extent included in Underlying EBITDA, provided the amount of such costs has been calculated in accordance with the Accounting Principles.

 

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Borrowings” means, at any time, the aggregate outstanding principal, capital or nominal amount of all Financial Indebtedness of all members of the Group, but excluding;

 

(a) any Treasury Transaction;

 

(b) any deferred consideration payable in connection with any acquisition not prohibited by this Agreement or any other acquisition consented to by the Majority Lenders;

 

(c) any Financial Indebtedness owed to another member of the Group; or

 

(d) any guarantee or indemnity given by a member of the Group in respect of any of the Financial Indebtedness referred to in paragraphs (a) and (b) above.

 

Cash” means all amounts (other than Restaurant Cash) from time to time standing to the credit of bank accounts owned and operated by members of the Group.

 

Cash Equivalent Investments” means, at any time:

 

(a) certificates of deposit maturing within one year after the relevant date of calculation and issued by an Acceptable Bank;

 

(b) any investment in marketable debt obligations issued or guaranteed by the government of the United Kingdom or any Participating Member State or by an instrumentality or agency of any of them having an equivalent credit rating, maturing within one year after the relevant date of calculation and not convertible or exchangeable into any other security;

 

(c) commercial paper not convertible or exchangeable into any other security:

 

(i) for which a recognised trading market exists;

 

(ii) issued by an issuer incorporated in the United Kingdom or any Participating Member State;

 

(iii) which matures within one year after the relevant date of calculation; and

 

(iv) which has a credit rating of either A-1 or higher by Standard & Poor’s Rating Services, F1 or higher by Fitch Ratings Ltd or P-1 or higher by Moody’s Investors Service Limited, or, if no rating is available in respect of the commercial paper, the issuer of which has, in respect of its long-term unsecured and non-credit enhanced debt obligations, an equivalent rating;

 

(d) sterling bills of exchange eligible for rediscount at the Bank of England and accepted by an Acceptable Bank (or their dematerialised equivalent);

 

(e) any investment in money market funds which: (A) have a credit rating of either A-1 or higher by Standard & Poor’s Rating Services or F1 or higher by Fitch Ratings Ltd or P-1 or higher by Moody’s Investors Service Limited; (B)

 

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invest substantially all their assets in securities of the types described in paragraphs (a) to (d) above; and (C) can be turned into cash on not more than 90 days’ notice; or

 

(f) any other debt security approved by the Majority Lenders (such approval not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed),

 

in each case, to which any member of the Group is beneficially entitled at that time.

 

Exceptional Items” means any exceptional, one-off, non-recurring or extraordinary items which in each case are not normal running costs of the business (and provided that such costs are payable to a person which is not a member of the Group) including (without limitation) those arising on:

 

(a) any severance, restructuring and relocation or similar non-recurring exceptional costs or the reversal of the proceeds for the cost of the same;

 

(b) costs of any equity incentive package to the extent not already included herein and any extraordinary pension costs;

 

(c) disposals, revaluations, write downs or impairment of non-current assets or any reversal of any write down or impairment; and

 

(d) disposals of assets associated with discontinued operations.

 

Finance Charges” means, for any Relevant Period, the aggregate amount of the accrued interest, commission, fees, discounts, prepayment fees, premiums or charges and other finance payments in respect of Borrowings (other than any agency fee) paid by any member of the Group (calculated on a consolidated basis) in cash in respect of that Relevant Period:

 

(a) excluding any upfront fees or costs;

 

(b) including the interest (but not the capital) element of payments in respect of Finance Leases;

 

(c) including any commission, fees, discounts and other finance payments payable by (and deducting any such amounts payable to) any member of the Group under any interest rate hedging arrangement; and

 

(d) taking no account of any unrealised gains or losses on any derivative instruments other than any derivative instruments which are accounted for on a hedge accounting basis,

 

so that no amount shall be added (or deducted) more than once.

 

Finance Lease” means any lease or hire purchase contract which would, in accordance with the Accounting Principles, be treated as a finance or capital lease on the date of this Agreement.

 

Interest Cover Ratio” means the ratio of Adjusted EBITDA to Net Finance Charges in respect of any Relevant Period.

 

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Leverage Ratio” means, in respect of any Relevant Period, the ratio of Total Net Debt on the last day of that Relevant Period to Adjusted EBITDA in respect of that Relevant Period.

 

Net Finance Charges” means, for any Relevant Period, the Finance Charges for that Relevant Period after deducting any interest payable in that Relevant Period to any member of the Group (other than by another member of the Group) on any Cash or Cash Equivalent Investment.

 

Pension Items” means any income or charge attributable to a post-employment benefit scheme other than the current service costs and any past service costs and curtailments and settlements attributable to the scheme.

 

Relevant Period” means each period of twelve months ending on a Test Date.

 

Restaurant Cash” means all amounts which represent amounts contractually committed to be paid to a Restaurant in respect of take-away meals, beverages and other products supplied by that Restaurant to the customers of the Group.

 

Test Date” means 31 December and 30 June in each year.

 

Total Net Debt” means, at any time, the aggregate amount of all obligations of members of the Group for or in respect of Borrowings at that time but:

 

(a) including, in the case of Finance Leases only, their capitalised value; and

 

(b) deducting the aggregate amount of:

 

(i) Cash held by any member of the Group at that time; and

 

(ii) Cash Equivalent Investments held by any member of the Group at that time,

 

and so that no amount shall be included or excluded more than once.

 

Treasury Transaction” means any derivative transaction entered into in connection with protection against or benefit from fluctuation in any rate or price.

 

Underlying EBITDA” means in respect of any Relevant Period, the consolidated earnings of the Group before taxation:

 

(a) before deducting any interest, commission, fees, discounts, prepayment fees, premiums or charges and other finance payments whether paid, payable or capitalised by any member of the Group (calculated on a consolidated basis) in respect of that Relevant Period;

 

(b) not including any accrued interest owing to any member of the Group;

 

(c) before taking into account any amount attributable to the amortisation (including amortisation of any goodwill or acquisition cost arising on or in connection with any acquisition not prohibited by this Agreement (or which

 

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has been consented to by the requisite majority of Lenders)), depreciation or impairment of assets of members of the Group;

 

(d) before taking to account amortisation, depreciation or non-cash impairment of assets of joint ventures and associate companies that would otherwise be attributable to any member of the Group (and taking no account of the reversal of any previous non-cash impairment charge made in that Relevant Period);

 

(e) before taking into account the cost of any long-term employee incentive plan;

 

(f) before taking into account any Exceptional Items;

 

(g) before taking into account any gains, losses, costs or expenses arising on the disposal or discontinuance of operations by any member of the Group provided the amount of such gains, loses, costs or expenses is calculated in accordance with the Accounting Principles;

 

(h) after deducting the amount of any profit (or adding back the amount of any loss) of any member of the Group which is attributable to minority interests;

 

(i) excluding any amount by deducting profits or adding back losses relating to the Group’s share of profit or losses in associates and jointly controlled entities, assets or operations that are accounted for under the equity method (but including such amounts as are received by a member of the Group by way of cash dividend, interest, fees or similar cash distribution of an income nature from or in respect of any such associates and jointly controlled entities, assets or operations);

 

(j) before taking into account any unrealised gains or losses due to exchange rate movements or on any derivative instrument (other than any derivative instrument which is accounted for on a hedge accounting basis);

 

(k) before taking into account any gain or loss arising from an upward or downward revaluation of any other asset at any time after 31 December 2016;

 

(l) before taking into account any Pension Items;

 

(m) excluding the charge to profit represented by the expensing of stock options; and

 

(n) after adding, to the extent not already included, the proceeds of any business interruption insurance received during the Relevant Period,

 

in each case, to the extent added, deducted or taken into account, as the case may be, for the purposes of determining consolidated earnings of the Group before taxation.

 

21.2 Financial condition

 

(a) The Parent shall ensure that:

 

(i) Leverage: the Leverage Ratio shall not exceed:

 

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(A) in respect of each of the first two Relevant Periods ending on or following the date on which all the Takeaway Accessions have occurred, 3.50:1; and

 

(B) in respect of any other Relevant Period, 3.0:1; and

 

(ii) Interest Cover: the Interest Cover Ratio shall not be less than 4.0:1.

 

(b) In connection with any acquisition made or to be made by a member of the Group, the Parent may, by written notice to the Agent, request (by no later than 10 Business Days before the end of the first Relevant Period to end after the completion of that acquisition) that the Leverage Ratio test in paragraph (a)(i)(B) above be increased (and that Leverage Ratio shall be so increased) to 3.50:1 for the purpose of testing compliance with paragraph (a)(i)(B) above for that Relevant Period only (an “Acquisition Spike”). The Parent may not exercise Acquisition Spikes in consecutive Relevant Periods or more than two times during the life of the Facilities.

 

21.3 Financial testing

 

The financial covenants set out in Clause 21.2 (Financial condition) shall be calculated in accordance with the Accounting Principles and tested:

 

(a) by reference to each of the financial statements delivered pursuant to Clause 20.1 (Financial statements) and/or each Compliance Certificate delivered pursuant to Clause 20.2 (Compliance Certificate); and

 

(b) with respect to any Relevant Period ending on or after the date on which all the Takeaway Accessions have occurred, but less than 12 months after the completion of the Combination, on the assumption that the Combination had completed at the start of that Relevant Period.

 

22. GENERAL UNDERTAKINGS

 

The undertakings in this Clause 22 remain in force from the date of this Agreement for so long as any amount is outstanding under the Finance Documents or any Commitment is in force.

 

22.1 Authorisations

 

Each Obligor shall promptly:

 

(a) obtain, comply with and do all that is necessary to maintain in full force and effect; and

 

(b) (following a request by the Agent) supply certified copies to the Agent of,

 

any Authorisation required under any law or regulation of its Original Jurisdiction to enable it to perform its obligations under the Finance Documents and to ensure the legality, validity, enforceability or admissibility in evidence in its Original Jurisdiction of any Finance Document.

 

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22.2 Compliance with laws

 

Each Obligor shall comply in all respects with all laws to which it may be subject, if failure so to comply would materially impair its ability to perform its obligations under the Finance Documents.

 

22.3 Acquisitions

 

No Obligor shall (and the Parent shall ensure that no other member of the Group will) acquire any company, business, assets or undertaking or incorporate a company if such acquisition would constitute a “Class 1 transaction” as defined in the listing rules published by the Financial Conduct Authority.

 

22.4 Negative pledge

 

In this Clause 22.4, “Quasi-Security” means an arrangement or transaction described in paragraph (b) below.

 

(a) No Obligor shall (and the Parent shall ensure that no other member of the Group will) create or permit to subsist any Security over any of its assets.

 

(b) No Obligor shall (and the Parent shall ensure that no other member of the Group will):

 

(i) sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of any of its assets on terms whereby they are or may be leased to or re-acquired by an Obligor or any other member of the Group;

 

(ii) sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of any of its receivables on recourse terms;

 

(iii) enter into any arrangement under which money or the benefit of a bank or other account may be applied, set-off or made subject to a combination of accounts; or

 

(iv) enter into any other preferential arrangement having a similar effect,

 

in circumstances where the arrangement or transaction is entered into primarily as a method of raising Financial Indebtedness or of financing the acquisition of an asset.

 

(c) Paragraphs (a) and (b) above do not apply to any Security or (as the case may be) Quasi-Security which is a Permitted Security.

 

22.5 Merger

 

No Obligor shall (and the Parent shall ensure that no other member of the Group will) enter into any amalgamation, demerger, merger or corporate reconstruction except:

 

(a) with one or more members of the Group on a solvent basis and where:

 

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(i) any payments or assets distributed as a result of such liquidation or reorganisation are distributed to other members of the Group; and

 

(ii) if any Obligor is involved, either that Obligor is the surviving entity or the payments and assets distributed are distributed to another Obligor;

 

(b) with the consent of the Majority Lenders; or

 

(c) any sale, lease, transfer or other disposal permitted pursuant to Clause 22.12 (Disposals).

 

22.6 Restriction on Financial Indebtedness

 

(a) The Parent shall ensure that no Non-Obligor will incur or agree to incur or permit to subsist or remain outstanding any Financial Indebtedness.

 

(b) Paragraph (a) above does not apply to any Financial Indebtedness which is Permitted Financial Indebtedness.

 

22.7 Change of business

 

The Parent shall procure that no substantial change is made to the general nature of the business of the Parent or the Group from that carried on at the Effective Date, but this shall not prevent any member of the Group engaging in any ancillary or related business.

 

22.8 Guarantors

 

(a) Subject to paragraphs (b) to (f) below, the Parent shall ensure that:

 

(i) on the date of this Agreement and each date when a Compliance Certificate is required to be delivered pursuant to Clause 20.2 (Compliance Certificate) (a “Guarantor Cover Test Date”), the aggregate of earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (calculated on the same basis as Underlying EBITDA) of the Guarantors and the aggregate gross Revenues of the Guarantors (in each case calculated on an unconsolidated basis and excluding all intra-group items and investments in Subsidiaries of any member of the Group) represents not less than 80% of the consolidated gross Revenue and Underlying EBITDA of the Group at that time (excluding any Revenue or earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation contributed by a Restricted Subsidiary (as defined below) and, with respect to any Relevant Period ending on or after the date on which the Takeaway Accessions occur, but less than 12 months after the completion of the Combination, on the assumption that the Combination had completed at the start of that Relevant Period; and

 

(ii) any member of the Group which is a Material Subsidiary shall, within 45 days of the date of delivery to the Agent of the Compliance Certificate and accompanying financial statements pursuant to Clause 20.1 (Financial statements) demonstrating that it has become a
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Material Subsidiary, accede to this Agreement as an Additional Guarantor pursuant to Clause 25.4 (Additional Guarantors).

 

(b) If on any Guarantor Cover Test Date the requirements of paragraph (a)(i) above were not satisfied, the Parent shall ensure that, within 45 days of that Guarantor Cover Test Date, such other members of the Group accede to this Agreement as Additional Guarantors pursuant to Clause 25.4 (Additional Guarantors) until the requirements of paragraph (a)(i) above are satisfied (calculated as if such Additional Guarantors had been Guarantors on that Guarantor Cover Test Date and provided that, for the avoidance of doubt, if the requirements of paragraph (a)(i) above are satisfied within such time period, no Default or other breach of this Agreement shall arise in respect thereof).

 

(c) Without prejudice to its continuing obligation to meet the requirements in paragraph (a) above and subject to paragraph (d) below, the Parent need only perform its obligations under paragraph (a) above if:

 

(i) it is not unlawful for the relevant person to become a Guarantor (and it is acknowledged that any form of restriction within the constitutional documents of a particular Subsidiary shall not be deemed to be unlawful for these purposes or constitute a circumstance that would result in personal liability for that person’s directors or other management); or

 

(ii) that person becoming a Guarantor would not result in personal liability for that person’s directors or other management,

 

(each a “Restricted Subsidiary”). Each Obligor must use, and must procure that the relevant person uses, all reasonable endeavours lawfully available to avoid any such unlawfulness or personal liability. This includes agreeing to a limit on the amount guaranteed. The Agent may (but shall not be obliged to) agree to such a limit if, in its opinion, to do so would avoid the relevant unlawfulness or personal liability.

 

(d) Notwithstanding the above, no Subsidiary with an Original Jurisdiction of France shall be required to accede to this Agreement as an Additional Guarantor pursuant to Clause 25.4 (Additional Guarantors) unless:

 

(i) that Subsidiary has become a Borrower (or otherwise directly receives the proceeds of any Loan); or

 

(ii) the aggregate of earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (calculated on the same basis as Underlying EBITDA) of that Subsidiary exceeds 12.5 per cent. of the Adjusted EBITDA of the Group.

 

(e) The Parties agree that, notwithstanding any other provision of this Clause 22.8, if the proceeds of a Facility have been used to acquire:

 

(i) a Subsidiary with an Original Jurisdiction of Australia; or

 

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(ii) a Holding Company of a Subsidiary with an Original Jurisdiction of Australia,

 

then there will be no requirement for that Subsidiary to become an Additional Guarantor pursuant to paragraph (a) above unless and until the shareholders of that entity have approved its accession as a Guarantor pursuant to Section 260B of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) and any applicable waiting period under Section 260B of the Australian Corporations Act has passed. The Parent shall ensure that the relevant Subsidiary accedes to this Agreement as an Additional Guarantor pursuant to Clause 25.4 (Additional Guarantors) as soon as reasonably practicable and in any event within 45 days of the date that the relevant entity was acquired.

 

(f) For the purposes of this Clause 22.8, if the Takeaway Accessions occur after the end of a Relevant Period, but prior to the Guarantor Cover Test Date in respect of that Relevant Period, then for the purposes of this Clause 22.8 (as applied to such Relevant Period and such Guarantor Cover Test Date):

 

(i) the “Group” shall mean the Company and its Subsidiaries for the time being; and

 

(ii) the “Guarantors” shall only include the Company and those Subsidiaries of the Company that are Guarantors at that time.

 

22.9 Notarisation

 

(a) Each Obligor shall ensure that if any Subsidiary with an Original Jurisdiction of Spain:

 

(i) becomes a Borrower (or otherwise directly receives the proceeds of any Loan); or

 

(ii) has aggregate of earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (calculated on the same basis as Underlying EBITDA) which exceed 12.5 per cent. of the Adjusted EBITDA of the Group,

 

then the Company shall notify the Agent as soon as reasonably practicably upon becoming aware and procure that this Agreement shall be raised by all of the Parties to public document status by means of a Spanish Public Document for the purposes contemplated in Article 517 et seq. of the Spanish Civil Procedural Law and other related provisions within 10 Business Days of receipt of such notice by the Agent.

 

(b) If this Agreement has been raised to the status of Spanish Public Document pursuant to this Clause 22.9, the Parent and the Obligors shall ensure that, as soon as reasonably practicable following request by the Agent, any other Finance Document and any amendment to any Finance Document shall be raised by all the Parties to public document status by means of a Spanish Public Document for the purposes contemplated in Article 517 et seq. of the Spanish Civil Procedural Law.

 

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22.10 Sanctions

 

(a) No Obligor shall (and the Parent shall ensure that no other wholly-owned member of the Group shall):

 

(i) use, lend, contribute or otherwise make available any part of the proceeds of any utilisation of a Facility directly:

 

(A) for the benefit of any Restricted Party;

 

(B) for the purpose of financing any trade or business which it is aware is conducted by a Restricted Party; or

 

(C) in any manner that to its knowledge (having made due and careful inquiry) would result in any person being in breach of any Sanctions or becoming a Restricted Party;

 

(ii) engage in any transaction that will, to its knowledge (having made due and careful inquiry), evade or avoid, have the effect of evading or avoiding or otherwise cause a direct breach of any Sanctions applicable to it; or

 

(iii) fund all or part of any payment due under or in connection with a Finance Document from any monies that, to its knowledge (having made due and careful inquiry), have been received by it directly from a Restricted Party in breach of any Sanctions.

 

(b) Each Obligor shall (and the Parent shall ensure that each wholly-owned member of the Group shall) ensure that appropriate controls and safeguards are in place to promote and achieve compliance with the provisions of paragraph (a) above.

 

(c) This Clause 22.10 and Clause 19.15 (Sanctions) shall only apply to or in favour of any person if and to the extent that it would not result in a breach, violation of, conflict with or liability, in respect of that person, of any applicable Blocking Law.

 

(d) For the purposes of this Clause 22.10, “Blocking Law” means:

 

(i) any provision of Council Regulation (EC) No 2271/1996 of 22 November 1996 (or any law or regulation implementing such Regulation in any member state of the European Union or the United Kingdom);

 

(ii) section 7 of the German Foreign Trade Regulation (Außenwirtschaftsverordnung) (in connection with the German Foreign Trade Act (Außenwirtschaftsgesetz)); or

 

(iii) any similar blocking or anti-boycott law in the United Kingdom.

 

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22.11 Anti-Corruption

 

(a) No Obligor shall (and the Parent shall ensure that no other member of the Group will) directly or indirectly use the proceeds of a Facility for any purpose which would breach the Bribery Act 2010, the United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, the Criminal Code Act 1995 of Australia or other similar legislation in other jurisdictions.

 

(b) Each Obligor shall (and the Parent shall ensure that each other member of the Group will):

 

(i) conduct its business in compliance with applicable anti-corruption laws; and

 

(ii) maintain policies and procedures designed to promote and achieve compliance with such laws.

 

22.12 Disposals

 

(a) No Obligor shall (and the Parent shall ensure that no other member of the Group will), enter into a single transaction or a series of transactions (whether related or not) and whether voluntary or involuntary to sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose of any asset.

 

(b) Paragraph (a) above does not apply to any sale, lease, transfer or other disposal which is a Permitted Disposal.

 

22.13 Takeaway Accessions

 

Upon becoming aware of the CMA Approval, the Company will use all reasonable endeavours within its control to ensure that the Takeaway Accessions occur within six months of the date of the CMA Approval.

 

23. EVENTS OF DEFAULT

 

Each of the events or circumstances set out in this Clause 23 is an Event of Default (save for Clause 23.16 (Acceleration)).

 

23.1 Non-payment

 

An Obligor does not pay on the due date any amount payable pursuant to a Finance Document at the place and in the currency in which it is expressed to be payable unless:

 

(a) its failure to pay is caused by:

 

(i) administrative or technical error; or

 

(ii) a Disruption Event; and

 

(b) payment is made within five Business Days of its due date.

 

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23.2 Financial covenants

 

Any requirement of Clause 21 (Financial covenants) is not satisfied.

 

23.3 Sanctions

 

An Obligor does not comply with the requirements of Clause 22.10 (Sanctions).

 

23.4 Other obligations

 

(a) An Obligor does not comply with any provision of the Finance Documents (other than those referred to in Clause 23.1 (Non-payment), Clause 22.10 (Sanctions) and Clause 21 (Financial covenants)).

 

(b) No Event of Default under paragraph (a) above will occur if the failure to comply is capable of remedy and is remedied within 15 Business Days of the earlier of:

 

(i) the Agent giving notice to the Company; and

 

(ii) the Company becoming aware of the failure to comply.

 

23.5 Misrepresentation

 

(a) Any representation or statement made or deemed to be made by an Obligor in the Finance Documents or any other document delivered by or on behalf of any Obligor under or in connection with any Finance Document is or proves to have been incorrect or misleading in any material respect when made or deemed to be made.

 

(b) No Event of Default under paragraph (a) above will occur if the circumstances giving rise to the misrepresentation are capable of remedy and are remedied within 15 Business Days of the earlier of:

 

(i) the Agent giving notice to the Company; and

 

(ii) the Company becoming aware of the misrepresentation.

 

23.6 Cross default

 

(a) Any Financial Indebtedness of any member of the Group is not paid when due nor within any originally applicable grace period.

 

(b) Any Financial Indebtedness of any member of the Group is declared to be or otherwise becomes due and payable prior to its specified maturity as a result of an event of default (however described).

 

(c) Any commitment for any Financial Indebtedness of any member of the Group is cancelled or suspended by a creditor of any member of the Group as a result of an event of default (however described).

 

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(d) Any creditor of any member of the Group becomes entitled to declare any Financial Indebtedness of any member of the Group due and payable prior to its specified maturity as a result of an event of default (however described).

 

(e) No Event of Default will occur under this Clause 23.6 if the aggregate amount of Financial Indebtedness or commitment for Financial Indebtedness falling within paragraphs (a) to (d) above is less than €25,000,000 (or its equivalent in any other currency or currencies).

 

23.7 Insolvency

 

(a) An Obligor or a Material Subsidiary:

 

(i) is unable or admits inability to pay its debts as they fall due;

 

(ii) suspends making payments on any of its debts; or

 

(iii) by reason of actual or anticipated financial difficulties, commences negotiations with one or more of its creditors (excluding any Finance Party in its capacity as such) with a view to rescheduling any of its indebtedness.

 

(b) The value of the assets of any Obligor or Material Subsidiary is less than its liabilities (taking into account contingent and prospective liabilities).

 

(c) A moratorium is declared in respect of any indebtedness of any Obligor or Material Subsidiary.

 

23.8 Insolvency proceedings

 

Any corporate action, legal proceedings or other procedure or step is taken in relation to:

 

(a) the suspension of payments, a moratorium of any indebtedness, winding-up, dissolution, administration, examinership, reorganisation or reconstruction (in Danish: rekonstruktion) (by way of voluntary arrangement, scheme of arrangement or otherwise) of any Obligor or Material Subsidiary other than a solvent liquidation or reorganisation of any Obligor or Material Subsidiary permitted under Clause 22.5 (Merger);

 

(b) a composition, compromise, assignment or arrangement with any creditor of any Obligor or Material Subsidiary;

 

(c) the appointment of a liquidator (other than in respect of a solvent liquidation of an Obligor or Material Subsidiary where the assets are distributed to another Obligor), receiver, administrative receiver, administrator, examiner, compulsory manager, reconstructor (in Danish: rekonstruktør) or other similar officer in respect of any Obligor or Material Subsidiary or any of their respective assets; or

 

(d) enforcement of any Security over any assets of any Obligor or Material Subsidiary,

 

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or any analogous procedure or step is taken in any jurisdiction.

 

This Clause 23.8 shall not apply to any winding-up petition or any analogous procedure or step in any jurisdiction which is frivolous or vexatious and is discharged, stayed or dismissed within 15 Business Days of commencement.

 

23.9 Creditors’ process

 

Any expropriation, attachment, sequestration, distress or execution affects any asset or assets of a member of the Group having an aggregate value of €25,000,000 (or its equivalent) and is not discharged within 15 Business Days.

 

23.10 Ownership of the Obligors

 

An Obligor (other than the Parent) is not or ceases to be a Subsidiary of the Parent other than as a result of a Permitted Disposal.

 

23.11 Unlawfulness

 

It is or becomes unlawful for an Obligor to perform any of its obligations under the Finance Documents.

 

23.12 Repudiation

 

An Obligor repudiates a Finance Document or evidences an intention to repudiate a Finance Document.

 

23.13 Litigation

 

Any litigation, arbitration or administrative proceedings are commenced which could reasonably be expected to be adversely determined and, if so determined, would have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

23.14 Cessation of business

 

The Group (taken as a whole) suspends or ceases to carry on (or threatens to suspend or cease to carry on) all or a material part of its business, other than as permitted under this Agreement.

 

23.15 Material adverse change

 

Any event or circumstance occurs which has or could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

 

23.16 Acceleration

 

On and at any time after the occurrence of an Event of Default which is continuing the Agent may, and shall if so directed by the Majority Lenders, by notice to the Company:

 

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(a) cancel each Available Commitment of each Lender, whereupon each such Available Commitment shall immediately be cancelled and each Facility shall immediately cease to be available for further utilisation;

 

(b) declare that all or part of the Loans, together with accrued interest, and all other amounts accrued or outstanding under the Finance Documents be immediately due and payable, whereupon they shall become immediately due and payable; and/or

 

(c) declare that all or part of the Loans be payable on demand, whereupon they shall immediately become payable on demand by the Agent on the instructions of the Majority Lenders.

 

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SECTION 9

CHANGES TO PARTIES

 

24. CHANGES TO THE LENDERS

 

24.1 Assignments and transfers by the Lenders

 

Subject to this Clause 24, a Lender (the “Existing Lender”) may:

 

(a) assign any of its rights; or

 

(b) transfer by novation any of its rights and obligations,

 

under the Finance Documents to another bank or financial institution or to a trust, fund or other entity which is regularly engaged in or established for the purpose of making, purchasing or investing in loans, securities or other financial assets (the “New Lender”).

 

24.2 Company consent

 

(a) The consent of the Company is required for an assignment or transfer by an Existing Lender, unless the assignment or transfer is:

 

(i) to another Lender or an Affiliate of any Lender; or

 

(ii) made at a time when an Event of Default is continuing,

 

provided that there shall be no assignment or transfer to a person who is an Industrial Competitor at any time.

 

(b) The consent of the Company to an assignment or transfer must not be unreasonably withheld or delayed. The Company will be deemed to have given its consent ten Business Days after that Existing Lender has requested it unless consent is expressly refused by the Company within that time.

 

24.3 Other conditions of assignment or transfer

 

(a) An assignment will only be effective on:

 

(i) receipt by the Agent (whether in the Assignment Agreement or otherwise) of written confirmation from the New Lender (in form and substance satisfactory to the Agent) that the New Lender will assume the same obligations to the other Finance Parties as it would have been under if it had been an Original Lender; and

 

(ii) performance by the Agent of all necessary “know your customer” or other similar checks under all applicable laws and regulations in relation to such assignment to a New Lender, the completion of which the Agent shall promptly notify to the Existing Lender and the New Lender.

 

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(b) A transfer will only be effective if the procedure set out in Clause 24.6 (Procedure for transfer) is complied with.

 

(c) If:

 

(i) a Lender assigns or transfers any of its rights or obligations under the Finance Documents or changes its Facility Office; and

 

(ii) as a result of circumstances existing at the date the assignment, transfer or change occurs, an Obligor would be obliged to make a payment to the New Lender or Lender acting through its new Facility Office under Clause 13 (Tax gross-up and indemnities) or Clause 14 (Increased costs),

 

then the New Lender or Lender acting through its new Facility Office is only entitled to receive payment under those Clauses to the same extent as the Existing Lender or Lender acting through its previous Facility Office would have been if the assignment, transfer or change had not occurred. This paragraph (c) shall not apply in relation to Clause 13.2 (Tax gross-up), to a UK Treaty Lender that has included a confirmation of its scheme reference number and its jurisdiction of tax residence in accordance with paragraph (i)(B) of Clause 13.2 (Tax gross-up) if the Obligor making the payment has not made a Borrower DTTP Filing in respect of that UK Treaty Lender.

 

(d) Each New Lender, by executing the relevant Transfer Certificate or Assignment Agreement, confirms, for the avoidance of doubt, that the Agent has authority to execute on its behalf any amendment or waiver that has been approved by or on behalf of the requisite Lender or Lenders in accordance with this Agreement on or prior to the date on which the transfer or assignment becomes effective in accordance with this Agreement and that it is bound by that decision to the same extent as the Existing Lender would have been had it remained a Lender.

 

24.4 Assignment or transfer fee

 

The New Lender shall, on the date upon which an assignment or transfer takes effect, pay to the Agent (for its own account) a fee of:

 

(a) in the case of an assignment or transfer in respect of Facility A1, £2,500; and

 

(b) in the case of an assignment or transfer in respect of Facility A2, €3,000.

 

24.5 Limitation of responsibility of Existing Lenders

 

(a) Unless expressly agreed to the contrary, an Existing Lender makes no representation or warranty and assumes no responsibility to a New Lender for:

 

(i) the legality, validity, effectiveness, adequacy or enforceability of the Finance Documents or any other documents;

 

(ii) the financial condition of any Obligor;

 

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(iii) the performance and observance by any Obligor of its obligations under the Finance Documents or any other documents; or

 

(iv) the accuracy of any statements (whether written or oral) made in or in connection with any Finance Document or any other document,

 

and any representations or warranties implied by law are excluded.

 

(b) Each New Lender confirms to the Existing Lender and the other Finance Parties that it:

 

(i) has made (and shall continue to make) its own independent investigation and assessment of the financial condition and affairs of each Obligor and its related entities in connection with its participation in this Agreement and has not relied exclusively on any information provided to it by the Existing Lender in connection with any Finance Document; and

 

(ii) will continue to make its own independent appraisal of the creditworthiness of each Obligor and its related entities whilst any amount is or may be outstanding under the Finance Documents or any Commitment is in force.

 

(c) Nothing in any Finance Document obliges an Existing Lender to:

 

(i) accept a re-transfer or re-assignment from a New Lender of any of the rights and obligations assigned or transferred under this Clause 24; or

 

(ii) support any losses directly or indirectly incurred by the New Lender by reason of the non-performance by any Obligor of its obligations under the Finance Documents or otherwise.

 

24.6 Procedure for transfer

 

(a) Subject to the conditions set out in Clause 24.2 (Company consent) and Clause 24.3 (Other conditions of assignment or transfer) a transfer is effected in accordance with paragraph (c) below when the Agent executes an otherwise duly completed Transfer Certificate delivered to it by the Existing Lender and the New Lender. The Agent shall, subject to paragraph (b) below, as soon as reasonably practicable after receipt by it of a duly completed Transfer Certificate appearing on its face to comply with the terms of this Agreement and delivered in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, execute that Transfer Certificate.

 

(b) The Agent shall only be obliged to execute a Transfer Certificate delivered to it by the Existing Lender and the New Lender once it is satisfied it has complied with all necessary “know your customer” or other similar checks under all applicable laws and regulations in relation to the transfer to such New Lender.

 

(c) Subject to Clause 24.10 (Pro rata interest settlement), on the Transfer Date:

 

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(i) to the extent that in the Transfer Certificate the Existing Lender seeks to transfer by novation its rights and obligations under the Finance Documents each of the Obligors and the Existing Lender shall be released from further obligations towards one another under the Finance Documents and their respective rights against one another under the Finance Documents shall be cancelled (being the “Discharged Rights and Obligations”);

 

(ii) each of the Obligors and the New Lender shall assume obligations towards one another and/or acquire rights against one another which differ from the Discharged Rights and Obligations only insofar as that Obligor and the New Lender have assumed and/or acquired the same in place of that Obligor and the Existing Lender;

 

(iii) the Agent, the Arranger, the New Lender and the other Lenders shall acquire the same rights and assume the same obligations between themselves as they would have acquired and assumed had the New Lender been an Original Lender with the rights and/or obligations acquired or assumed by it as a result of the transfer and to that extent the Agent, the Arranger and the Existing Lender shall each be released from further obligations to each other under the Finance Documents; and

 

(iv) the New Lender shall become a Party as a “Lender”.

 

(d) If this Agreement has been raised to Spanish Public Document pursuant to Clause 22.9 (Notarisation), then at the request of the Agent or the New Lender, the New Lender and the Existing Lender shall promptly raise the duly completed Transfer Certificate to the status of Spanish Public Document in the form of “escritura pública”. For this purpose, the New Lender will appoint the Agent as its agent and representative in connection with the ratification and raising the Transfer Certificate to the status of a Spanish Public Document.

 

24.7 Procedure for assignment

 

(a) Subject to the conditions set out in Clause 24.2 (Company consent) and Clause 24.3 (Other conditions of assignment or transfer) an assignment may be effected in accordance with paragraph (c) below when the Agent executes an otherwise duly completed Assignment Agreement delivered to it by the Existing Lender and the New Lender. The Agent shall, subject to paragraph (b) below, as soon as reasonably practicable after receipt by it of a duly completed Assignment Agreement appearing on its face to comply with the terms of this Agreement and delivered in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, execute that Assignment Agreement.

 

(b) The Agent shall only be obliged to execute an Assignment Agreement delivered to it by the Existing Lender and the New Lender once it is satisfied it has complied with all necessary “know your customer” or other similar checks under all applicable laws and regulations in relation to the assignment to such New Lender.
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(c) Subject to Clause 24.10 (Pro rata interest settlement), on the Transfer Date:

 

(i) the Existing Lender will assign absolutely to the New Lender the rights under the Finance Documents expressed to be the subject of the assignment in the Assignment Agreement;

 

(ii) the Existing Lender will be released by each Obligor and the other Finance Parties from the obligations owed by it (the “Relevant Obligations”) and expressed to be the subject of the release in the Assignment Agreement; and

 

(iii) the New Lender shall become a Party as a “Lender” and will be bound by obligations equivalent to the Relevant Obligations.

 

(d) If this Agreement has been raised to Spanish Public Document pursuant to Clause 22.9 (Notarisation), then at the request of the Agent or the New Lender, the New Lender and the Existing Lender shall promptly raise the duly completed Assignment Agreement to the status of Spanish Public Document in the form of “escritura pública”. For this purpose, the New Lender will appoint the Agent as its Agent and representative in connection with the ratification and raising the Assignment Agreement to the status of a Spanish Public Document.

 

(e) Lenders may utilise procedures other than those set out in this Clause 24.7 to assign their rights under the Finance Documents (but not, without the consent of the relevant Obligor or unless in accordance with Clause 24.6 (Procedure for transfer), to obtain a release by that Obligor from the obligations owed to that Obligor by the Lenders nor the assumption of equivalent obligations by a New Lender) provided that they comply with the conditions set out in Clause 24.2 (Company consent) and Clause 24.3 (Other conditions of assignment or transfer).

 

24.8 Copy of Transfer Certificate, Assignment Agreement, Increase Confirmation or Accordion Increase Confirmation to Company

 

The Agent shall, as soon as reasonably practicable after it has executed a Transfer Certificate, an Assignment Agreement, an Increase Confirmation or an Accordion Increase Confirmation send to the Company a copy of that Transfer Certificate, Assignment Agreement, Increase Confirmation or Accordion Increase Confirmation.

 

24.9 Security over Lenders’ rights

 

In addition to the other rights provided to Lenders under this Clause 24.9, each Lender may without consulting with or obtaining consent from any Obligor, at any time charge, assign or otherwise create Security in or over (whether by way of collateral or otherwise) all or any of its rights under any Finance Document to secure obligations of that Lender including, without limitation:

 

(a) any charge, assignment or other Security to secure obligations to a federal reserve or central bank; and
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(b) any charge, assignment or other Security granted to any holders (or trustee or representatives of holders) of obligations owed, or securities issued, by that Lender as security for those obligations or securities,

 

except that no such charge, assignment or Security shall:

 

(i) release a Lender from any of its obligations under the Finance Documents or substitute the beneficiary of the relevant charge, assignment or Security for the Lender as a party to any of the Finance Documents; or

 

(ii) require any payments to be made by an Obligor other than or in excess of, or grant to any person any more extensive rights than, those required to be made or granted to the relevant Lender under the Finance Documents.

 

24.10 Pro rata interest settlement

 

(a) If the Agent has notified the Lenders that it is able to distribute interest payments on a “pro rata basis” to Existing Lenders and New Lenders then (in respect of any transfer pursuant to Clause 24.6 (Procedure for transfer) or any assignment pursuant to Clause 24.7 (Procedure for assignment) the Transfer Date of which, in each case, is after the date of such notification and is not on the last day of an Interest Period):

 

(i) any interest or fees in respect of the relevant participation which are expressed to accrue by reference to the lapse of time shall continue to accrue in favour of the Existing Lender up to but excluding the Transfer Date (“Accrued Amounts”) and shall become due and payable to the Existing Lender (without further interest accruing on them) on the last day of the current Interest Period (or, if the Interest Period is longer than six Months, on the next of the dates which falls at six Monthly intervals after the first day of that Interest Period); and

 

(ii) the rights assigned or transferred by the Existing Lender will not include the right to the Accrued Amounts, so that, for the avoidance of doubt:

 

(A) when the Accrued Amounts become payable, those Accrued Amounts will be payable to the Existing Lender; and

 

(B) the amount payable to the New Lender on that date will be the amount which would, but for the application of this Clause 24.9, have been payable to it on that date, but after deduction of the Accrued Amounts.

 

(b) In this Clause 24.10 references to “Interest Period” shall be construed to include a reference to any other period for accrual of fees.

 

(c) An Existing Lender which retains the right to the Accrued Amounts pursuant to this Clause 24.10 but which does not have a Commitment shall be deemed not to be a Lender for the purposes of ascertaining whether the agreement of
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any specified group of Lenders has been obtained to approve any request for a consent, waiver, amendment or other vote of Lenders under the Finance Documents.

 

24.11 Costs and expenses

 

Notwithstanding any term of any Finance Document, no Obligor shall be liable for any costs, expenses, fees, taxes, losses or liabilities that any Finance Party (including, without limitation, any New Lender) incurs or may incur in relation to any assignment or transfer pursuant to this Clause 24.

 

25. CHANGES TO THE OBLIGORS

 

25.1 Assignments and transfer by Obligors

 

No Obligor may assign any of its rights or transfer any of its rights or obligations under the Finance Documents.

 

25.2 Additional Borrowers

 

(a) Subject to compliance with the provisions of paragraphs (c) and (d) of Clause 20.7 (“Know your customer” checks), the Parent may request that Takeaway.com Group B.V. or any of the Parent’s wholly owned Subsidiaries becomes an Additional Borrower. Takeaway.com Group B.V. or that Subsidiary (as applicable) shall become an Additional Borrower if:

 

(i) (other than with respect to Takeaway.com Group B.V.) that Subsidiary is incorporated in an Original Jurisdiction of an existing Borrower and the Majority Lenders approve the addition of that Subsidiary or otherwise, if all of the Lenders approve the addition;

 

(ii) the Company delivers to the Agent a duly completed and executed Accession Letter;

 

(iii) the Company confirms that no Default is continuing or would occur as a result of Takeaway.com Group B.V. or that Subsidiary (as applicable) becoming an Additional Borrower;

 

(iv) (with respect to the accession of Takeaway.com Group B.V. as an Additional Borrower only) the requirements of Clause 25.7 (Takeaway Accessions) are satisfied; and

 

(v) the Agent has received all of the documents and other evidence listed in Part II of Schedule 2 (Conditions precedent) in relation to that Additional Borrower (including (for the avoidance of doubt) with respect to the accession of Takeaway.com Group B.V. as an Additional Borrower, the applicable documents and other evidence listed in paragraph 13 of Part II of Schedule 2 (Conditions precedent) in relation to it), each in form and substance satisfactory to the Agent.

 

(b) The Agent shall notify the Company and the Lenders promptly upon being satisfied that it has received (in form and substance satisfactory to it) all the documents and other evidence listed in Part II of Schedule 2 (Conditions precedent).
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(c) Other than to the extent that the Majority Lenders notify the Agent in writing to the contrary before the Agent gives the notification described in paragraph (b) above, the Lenders authorise (but do not require) the Agent to give that notification. The Agent shall not be liable for any damages, costs or losses whatsoever as a result of giving any such notification.

 

25.3 Resignation of a Borrower

 

(a) The Company may request that a Borrower (other than the Company) ceases to be a Borrower by delivering to the Agent a Resignation Letter.

 

(b) The Agent shall accept a Resignation Letter and notify the Company and the Lenders of its acceptance if:

 

(i) no Default is continuing or would result from the acceptance of the Resignation Letter (and the Company has confirmed this is the case); and

 

(ii) the Borrower is under no actual or contingent obligations as a Borrower under any Finance Documents,

 

(iii) whereupon that company shall cease to be a Borrower and shall have no further rights or obligations under the Finance Documents.

 

25.4 Additional Guarantors

 

(a) Subject to compliance with the provisions of paragraphs (c) and (d) of Clause 20.7 (“Know your customer” checks), the Company may request that Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., Takeaway.com Group B.V., Takeaway.com European Operations B.V., YD.Yourdelivery GmbH or any of the Parent’s other wholly owned Subsidiaries become an Additional Guarantor. Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., Takeaway.com Group B.V., Takeaway.com European Operations B.V., YD.Yourdelivery GmbH or that other Subsidiary (as applicable) shall become an Additional Guarantor if:


(i) the Company delivers to the Agent a duly completed and executed Accession Letter;

 

(ii) (with respect to the accession of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., Takeaway.com Group B.V., Takeaway.com European Operations B.V. and YD.Yourdelivery GmbH as Additional Guarantors) the requirements of Clause 25.7 (Takeaway Accessions) are satisfied; and

 

(iii) the Agent has received all of the documents and other evidence listed in Part II of Schedule 2 (Conditions precedent) in relation to that Additional Guarantor (including (for the avoidance of doubt) with respect to the accession of an Acceding Takeaway Entity as an Additional Guarantor, the applicable documents and other evidence listed in paragraph 13 of Part II of Schedule 2 (Conditions precedent) in relation to that Additional Guarantor), each in form and substance satisfactory to the Agent.
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(b) The Agent shall notify the Company and the Lenders promptly upon being satisfied that it has received (in form and substance satisfactory to it) all the documents and other evidence listed in Part II of Schedule 2 (Conditions precedent).

 

(c) Other than to the extent that the Majority Lenders notify the Agent in writing to the contrary before the Agent gives the notification described in paragraph (b) above, the Lenders authorise (but do not require) the Agent to give that notification. The Agent shall not be liable for any damages, costs or losses whatsoever as a result of giving any such notification.


25.5 Repetition of Representations

 

Delivery of an Accession Letter constitutes confirmation by the relevant Additional Obligor that the Repeating Representations are true and correct in relation to it as at the date of delivery as if made by reference to the facts and circumstances then existing.

 

25.6 Resignation of a Guarantor

 

(a) The Company may request that a Guarantor (other than the Parent or the Company) ceases to be a Guarantor by delivering to the Agent a Resignation Letter.

 

(b) The Agent shall accept a Resignation Letter and notify the Company and the Lenders of its acceptance if:

 

(i) no Default is continuing or would result from the acceptance of the Resignation Letter (and the Company has confirmed this is the case);

 

(ii) where the Guarantor is also a Borrower, it is under no actual or contingent obligations as a Borrower and has resigned and ceased to be (or will, contemporaneously with its resignation as a Guarantor under this Clause 25.6, resign and cease to be) a Borrower under Clause 25.3 (Resignation of a Borrower); and

 

(iii) the Guarantor is not at that time a Material Subsidiary (as evidenced by the most recent Compliance Certificate delivered to the Agent pursuant to Clause 20.2 (Compliance Certificate)); and

 

(iv) paragraph (a)(i) of Clause 22.8 (Guarantors) would have been complied with if the resignation of that Guarantor had been effective on the last day of the most recently ended financial year or financial half-year (as applicable) in respect of which the most recent Compliance Certificate was delivered to the Agent pursuant to Clause 20.2 (Compliance Certificate) (taking into account any members of the Group which have or will become Additional Guarantors on or prior to the date on which the resignation of such Guarantor will become effective),

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whereupon that company shall cease to be a Guarantor and shall have no further rights or obligations under the Finance Documents.

 

25.7 Takeaway Accessions

 

(a) The Parent shall ensure that, on the same date on which Takeaway.com Group B.V. becomes an Additional Borrower:


(i) Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., Takeaway.com Group B.V., Takeaway.com European Operations B.V. and YD.Yourdelivery GmbH become Additional Guarantors in accordance with Clause 25.4 (Additional Guarantors);

 

(ii) any other wholly-owned Subsidiary of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. that is a Material Subsidiary within the meaning of paragraph (a) of that definition (as tested in accordance with paragraph (b) below) becomes an Additional Guarantor in accordance with Clause 25.4 (Additional Guarantors); and

 

(iii) (if required) certain other wholly-owned Subsidiaries of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. become Additional Guarantors in accordance with Clause 25.4 (Additional Guarantors) so that the undertaking in paragraph (a)(i) of Clause 22.8 (Guarantors) is complied with (subject to paragraphs (c), (d) and (e) of Clause 22.8 (Guarantors)) as at that date on which Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. becomes an Additional Guarantor (as tested in accordance with paragraph (b) below),

 

(any such entities that become Additional Guarantors in accordance with this paragraph (a) being the “Acceding Takeaway Entities”).

 

(b) Compliance with paragraphs (a)(ii) and (iii) above shall be determined on the basis that Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. is the “Parent” (and, accordingly, the “Group” is Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. and its Subsidiaries for the time being) and by reference to:

 

(i) the most recent audited financial statements of the relevant Additional Guarantor (if any); and

 

(ii) the most recently available full-year or half-year consolidated financial statements of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. that include the Company and its Subsidiaries (or, if there are no such financial statements available, the audited consolidated financial statements of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. and its subsidiaries for the financial year ended 31 December 2019 and the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries for the financial year ended 31 December 2019, and assuming the Combination and the acquisitions by Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. of Delivery Hero Germany GmbH and Foodora GmbH had taken place at the start of such financial year).

 

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SECTION 10

THE FINANCE PARTIES

 

26. ROLE OF THE AGENT, THE ARRANGER AND THE REFERENCE BANKS

 

26.1 Appointment of the Agent

 

(a) Each of the Arranger and the Lenders appoints the Agent to act as its agent under and in connection with the Finance Documents.

 

(b) Each of the Arranger and the Lenders authorises the Agent to perform the duties, obligations and responsibilities and to exercise the rights, powers, authorities and discretions specifically given to the Agent under or in connection with the Finance Documents together with any other incidental rights, powers, authorities and discretions.

 

(c) Each of the Arrangers and the Lenders hereby relieves the Agent from the restrictions pursuant to section 181 of the German Civil Code (Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch) and similar restrictions applicable to it pursuant to any other law, in each case to the extent legally possible to it. An Arranger or Lender that is barred by its constitutional documents or by-laws from granting such exemption shall notify the Agent accordingly.

 

(d) Each of the Arranger and the Lenders hereby authorises the Agent to act on their behalf, and sign, ratify, amend and raise to the status of Spanish Public Document, any Finance Document in accordance with the terms of this Agreement even in the case of self-contracting (multirepresentación) and conflict of interest (conflicto de intereses).

 

26.2 Instructions

 

(a) The Agent shall:

 

(i) unless a contrary indication appears in a Finance Document, exercise or refrain from exercising any right, power, authority or discretion vested in it as Agent in accordance with any instructions given to it by:

 

(A) all Lenders if the relevant Finance Document stipulates the matter is an all Lender decision; and

 

(B) in all other cases, the Majority Lenders; and

 

(ii) not be liable for any act (or omission) if it acts (or refrains from acting) in accordance with paragraph (i) above.

 

(b) The Agent shall be entitled to request instructions, or clarification of any instruction, from the Majority Lenders (or, if the relevant Finance Document stipulates the matter is a decision for any other Lender or group of Lenders, from that Lender or group of Lenders) as to whether, and in what manner, it should exercise or refrain from exercising any right, power, authority or discretion. The Agent may refrain from acting unless and until it receives any such instructions or clarification that it has requested.

 

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(c) Save in the case of decisions stipulated to be a matter for any other Lender or group of Lenders under the relevant Finance Document and unless a contrary indication appears in a Finance Document, any instructions given to the Agent by the Majority Lenders shall override any conflicting instructions given by any other Parties and will be binding on all Finance Parties.

 

(d) The Agent may refrain from acting in accordance with any instructions of any Lender or group of Lenders until it has received any indemnification and/or security that it may in its discretion require (which may be greater in extent than that contained in the Finance Documents and which may include payment in advance) for any cost, loss or liability which it may incur in complying with those instructions.

 

(e) In the absence of instructions, the Agent may act (or refrain from acting) as it considers to be in the best interest of the Lenders.

 

(f) The Agent is not authorised to act on behalf of a Lender (without first obtaining that Lender’s consent) in any legal or arbitration proceedings relating to any Finance Document.

 

(g) The Agent is authorised by the Prudential Regulation Authority and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority and the Prudential Regulation Authority. Nothing in this Agreement shall require the Agent to carry on an activity of the kind specified by any provision of Part II (other than article 5 (accepting deposits) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Regulated Activities) Order 2001 or to lend money to any Borrower in its capacity as Agent.

 

26.3 Duties of the Agent

 

(a) The Agent’s duties under the Finance Documents are solely mechanical and administrative in nature.

 

(b) Subject to paragraph (c) below, the Agent shall promptly forward to a Party the original or a copy of any document which is delivered to the Agent for that Party by any other Party.

 

(c) Without prejudice to Clause 24.8 (Copy of Transfer Certificate, Assignment Agreement, Increase Confirmation or Accordion Increase Confirmation to Company), paragraph (b) above shall not apply to any Transfer Certificate, any Assignment Agreement, any Increase Confirmation or Accordion Increase Confirmation.

 

(d) Except where a Finance Document specifically provides otherwise, the Agent is not obliged to review or check the adequacy, accuracy or completeness of any document it forwards to another Party.

 

(e) If the Agent receives notice from a Party referring to this Agreement, describing a Default and stating that the circumstance described is a Default, it shall promptly notify the other Finance Parties.

 

(f) If the Agent is aware of the non-payment of any principal, interest, commitment fee or other fee payable to a Finance Party (other than the Agent

 

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or the Arranger) under this Agreement, it shall promptly notify the other Finance Parties.

 

(g) The Agent shall have only those duties, obligations and responsibilities expressly specified in the Finance Documents to which it is expressed to be a party (and no others shall be implied).

 

26.4 Role of the Arranger

 

Except as specifically provided in the Finance Documents, the Arranger has no obligations of any kind to any other Party under or in connection with any Finance Document.

 

26.5 No fiduciary duties

 

(a) Nothing in any Finance Document constitutes the Agent or the Arranger as a trustee or fiduciary of any other person.

 

(b) None of the Agent or the Arranger shall be bound to account to any Lender for any sum or the profit element of any sum received by it for its own account.

 

26.6 Business with the Group

 

The Agent and the Arranger may accept deposits from, lend money to and generally engage in any kind of banking or other business with any member of the Group.

 

26.7 Rights and discretions

 

(a) The Agent may:

 

(i) rely on any representation, communication, notice or document believed by it to be genuine, correct and appropriately authorised;

 

(ii) assume that:

 

(A) any instructions received by it from the Majority Lenders, any Lenders or any group of Lenders are duly given in accordance with the terms of the Finance Documents; and

 

(B) unless it has received notice of revocation, that those instructions have not been revoked; and

 

(iii) rely on a certificate from any person:

 

(A) as to any matter of fact or circumstance which might reasonably be expected to be within the knowledge of that person; or

 

(B) to the effect that such person approves of any particular dealing, transaction, step, action or thing,

 

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as sufficient evidence that that is the case and, in the case of paragraph (A) above, may assume the truth and accuracy of that certificate.

 

(b) The Agent may assume (unless it has received notice to the contrary in its capacity as agent for the Lenders) that:

 

(i) no Default has occurred (unless it has actual knowledge of a Default arising under Clause 23.1 (Non-payment));

 

(ii) any right, power, authority or discretion vested in any Party or any group of Lenders has not been exercised; and

 

(iii) any notice or request made by the Company (other than a Utilisation Request) is made on behalf of and with the consent and knowledge of all the Obligors.

 

(c) The Agent may engage and pay for the advice or services of any lawyers, accountants, tax advisers, surveyors or other professional advisers or experts.

 

(d) Without prejudice to the generality of paragraph (c) above or paragraph (e) below, the Agent may at any time engage and pay for the services of any lawyers to act as independent counsel to the Agent (and so separate from any lawyers instructed by the Lenders) if the Agent in its reasonable opinion deems this to be necessary.

 

(e) The Agent may rely on the advice or services of any lawyers, accountants, tax advisers, surveyors or other professional advisers or experts (whether obtained by the Agent or by any other Party) and shall not be liable for any damages, costs or losses to any person, any diminution in value or any liability whatsoever arising as a result of its so relying.

 

(f) The Agent may act in relation to the Finance Documents through its officers, employees and agents.

 

(g) Unless a Finance Document expressly provides otherwise, the Agent may disclose to any other Party any information it reasonably believes it has received as agent under this Agreement.

 

(h) Without prejudice to the generality of paragraph (g) above, the Agent:

 

(i) may disclose ; and

 

(ii) on the written request of the Company, or the Majority Lenders shall, as soon as reasonably practicable, disclose,

 

the identity of a Defaulting Lender to the Company and to the other Finance Parties.

 

(i) Notwithstanding any other provision of any Finance Document to the contrary, neither the Agent nor the Arranger is obliged to do or omit to do anything if it would, or might in its reasonable opinion, constitute a breach of any law or

 

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regulation or a breach of a fiduciary duty or duty of confidentiality. In particular, and for the avoidance of doubt, nothing in any Finance Document shall be construed so as to constitute an obligation of the Agent or the Arranger to perform any services which it would not be entitled to render pursuant to the provisions of the German Act on Rendering Legal Services (Rechtsdienstleistungsgesetz) or pursuant to the provisions of the German Tax Advisory Act (Steuerberatungsgesetz) or any other services that require an express official approval, licence or registration, unless the Agent or the Arranger (as the case may be) holds the required approval, licence or registration.

 

(j) Notwithstanding any provision of any Finance Document to the contrary, the Agent is not obliged to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of its duties, obligations or responsibilities or the exercise of any right, power, authority or discretion if it has grounds for believing the repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against, or security for, such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it.

 

(k) In connection with HSBC Group’s commitment to comply with all applicable sanctions regimes, the Agent and any Affiliate or Subsidiary of HSBC Holdings plc may take any action in its sole and absolute discretion that it considers appropriate to comply with any law, regulation, request of a public or regulatory authority, any agreement between any member of the HSBC Group and any government authority or any HSBC Group policy that relates to the prevention of fraud, money laundering, terrorism, tax evasion, evasion of economic or trade sanctions or other criminal activities (collectively the “Relevant Requirements”). Such action may include, but is not limited to,

 

(i) screening, intercepting and investigating any transaction, instruction or communication, including the source of, or intended recipient of, funds;

 

(ii) delaying or preventing the processing of instructions or transactions or the Agent’s performance of its obligations under this Agreement;

 

(iii) the blocking of any payment; or

 

(iv) requiring the relevant party to enter into a financial crime compliance representations letter from time to time in a form and substance acceptable to the HSBC Group.

 

(v) Where possible and permitted, the Agent will endeavour to notify the Company of the existence of such circumstances. To the extent permissible by law, neither the Agent nor any member of the HSBC Group will be liable for loss (however it arose) or damage suffered by any party arising out of, or caused in whole or in part by, any actions that are taken by the Agent or any other member of the HSBC Group to comply with any Relevant Requirement. In this Clause 26.7(g), “HSBC Group” means HSBC Holdings plc together with its Subsidiary undertakings from time to time.

 

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(l) The Agent shall be entitled to deal with money paid to it by any person for the purposes of this Agreement in the same manner as other money paid to a banker by its customers except that it shall not be liable to account to any person for any interest or other amounts in respect of the money.

 

26.8 Responsibility for documentation

 

None of the Agent or the Arranger is responsible or liable for:

 

(a) the adequacy, accuracy or completeness of any information (whether oral or written) supplied by the Agent, the Arranger, an Obligor or any other person in or in connection with any Finance Document or the transactions contemplated in the Finance Documents or any other agreement, arrangement or document entered into, made or executed in anticipation of, under or in connection with any Finance Document;

 

(b) the legality, validity, effectiveness, adequacy or enforceability of any Finance Document or any other agreement, arrangement or document entered into, made or executed in anticipation of, under or in connection with any Finance Document; or

 

(c) any determination as to whether any information provided or to be provided to any Finance Party is non-public information the use of which may be regulated or prohibited by applicable law or regulation relating to insider dealing or otherwise.

 

26.9 No duty to monitor

 

The Agent shall not be bound to enquire:

 

(a) whether or not any Default has occurred;

 

(b) as to the performance, default or any breach by any Party of its obligations under any Finance Document; or

 

(c) whether any other event specified in any Finance Document has occurred.

 

26.10 Exclusion of liability

 

(a) Without limiting paragraph (b) below (and without prejudice to any other provision of any Finance Document excluding or limiting the liability of the Agent), the Agent will not be liable (including, without limitation, for negligence or any other category of liability whatsoever) for:

 

(i) any damages, costs or losses to any person, any diminution in value, or any liability whatsoever arising as a result of taking or not taking any action under or in connection with any Finance Document, unless directly caused by its gross negligence or wilful misconduct;

 

(ii) exercising, or not exercising, any right, power, authority or discretion given to it by, or in connection with, any Finance Document or any other agreement, arrangement or document entered into, made or

 

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executed in anticipation of, under or in connection with, any Finance Document other than by reason of its gross negligence or wilful misconduct; or

 

(iii) without prejudice to the generality of paragraphs (i) and (ii) above, any damages, costs or losses to any person, any diminution in value or any liability whatsoever (including, without limitation, for negligence or any other category of liability whatsoever but not including any claim based on the fraud of the Agent) arising as a result of:

 

(A) any act, event or circumstance not reasonably within its control; or

 

(B) the general risks of investment in, or the holding of assets in, any jurisdiction,

 

including (in each case and without limitation) such damages, costs, losses, diminution in value or liability arising as a result of: nationalisation, expropriation or other governmental actions; any regulation, currency restriction, devaluation or fluctuation; market conditions affecting the execution or settlement of transactions or the value of assets (including any Disruption Event); breakdown, failure or malfunction of any third party transport, telecommunications, computer services or systems; natural disasters or acts of God; war, terrorism, insurrection or revolution; or strikes or industrial action.

 

(b) No Party (other than the Agent) may take any proceedings against any officer, employee or agent of the Agent in respect of any claim it might have against the Agent or in respect of any act or omission of any kind by that officer, employee or agent in relation to any Finance Document and any officer, employee or agent of the Agent may rely on this paragraph (b) subject to Clause 1.4 (Third party rights) and the provisions of the Third Parties Act.

 

(c) The Agent will not be liable for any delay (or any related consequences) in crediting an account with an amount required under the Finance Documents to be paid by the Agent if the Agent has taken all necessary steps as soon as reasonably practicable to comply with the regulations or operating procedures of any recognised clearing or settlement system used by the Agent for that purpose.

 

(d) Nothing in this Agreement shall oblige the Agent or the Arranger to carry out:

 

(i) any “know your customer” or other checks in relation to any person; or

 

(ii) any check on the extent to which any transaction contemplated by this Agreement might be unlawful for any Lender or for any Affiliate of any Lender,

 

on behalf of any Lender and each Lender confirms to the Agent and the Arranger that it is solely responsible for any such checks it is required to carry

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out and that it may not rely on any statement in relation to such checks made by the Agent or the Arranger.

 

(e) Without prejudice to any provision of any Finance Document excluding or limiting the Agent’s liability, any liability of the Agent arising under or in connection with any Finance Document shall be limited to the amount of actual loss which has been suffered (as determined by reference to the date of default of the Agent or, if later, the date on which the loss arises as a result of such default) but without reference to any special conditions or circumstances known to the Agent at any time which increase the amount of that loss. In no event shall the Agent be liable for any loss of profits, goodwill, reputation, business opportunity or anticipated saving, or for special, punitive, indirect or consequential damages, whether or not the Agent has been advised of the possibility of such loss or damages.

 

26.11 Lenders’ indemnity to the Agent

 

Each Lender shall (in proportion to its share of the Total Commitments or, if the Total Commitments are then zero, to its share of the Total Commitments immediately prior to their reduction to zero) indemnify the Agent, within three Business Days of demand, against any cost, loss or liability (including, without limitation, for negligence or any other category of liability whatsoever) incurred by the Agent (otherwise than by reason of the Agent’s gross negligence or wilful misconduct) (or, in the case of any cost, loss or liability pursuant to Clause 29.11 (Disruption to payment systems etc.), notwithstanding the Agent’s negligence, gross negligence or any other category of liability whatsoever but not including any claim based on the fraud of the Agent) in acting as Agent under the Finance Documents (unless the Agent has been reimbursed by an Obligor pursuant to a Finance Document).

 

26.12 Resignation of the Agent

 

(a) The Agent may resign and appoint one of its Affiliates acting through an office in the United Kingdom as successor by giving notice to the Lenders and the Company.

 

(b) Alternatively the Agent may resign by giving 30 days’ notice to the Lenders and the Company, in which case the Majority Lenders (after consultation with the Company) may appoint a successor Agent.

 

(c) If the Majority Lenders have not appointed a successor Agent in accordance with paragraph (b) above within 20 days after notice of resignation was given, the retiring Agent (after consultation with the Company) may appoint a successor Agent (acting through an office in the United Kingdom).

 

(d) If the Agent wishes to resign because (acting reasonably) it has concluded that it is no longer appropriate for it to remain as agent and the Agent is entitled to appoint a successor Agent under paragraph (c) above, the Agent may (if it concludes (acting reasonably) that it is necessary to do so in order to persuade the proposed successor Agent to become a party to this Agreement as Agent) agree with the proposed successor Agent amendments to this Clause 26 and any other term of this Agreement dealing with the rights or obligations of the

 

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Agent consistent with then current market practice for the appointment and protection of corporate trustees together with any reasonable amendments to the agency fee payable under this Agreement which are consistent with the successor Agent’s normal fee rates and those amendments will bind the Parties.

 

(e) The retiring Agent shall, at its own cost, make available to the successor Agent such documents and records and provide such assistance as the successor Agent may reasonably request for the purposes of performing its functions as Agent under the Finance Documents.

 

(f) The Agent’s resignation notice shall only take effect upon the appointment of a successor.

 

(g) Upon the appointment of a successor, the retiring Agent shall be discharged from any further obligation in respect of the Finance Documents (other than its obligations under paragraph (e) above), but shall remain entitled to the benefit of Clause 15.3 (Indemnity to the Agent) and this Clause 23 (and any agency fees for the account of the retiring Agent shall cease to accrue from (and shall be payable on) that date). Any successor and each of the other Parties shall have the same rights and obligations amongst themselves as they would have had if such successor had been an original Party.

 

(h) After consultation with the Company, the Majority Lenders may, by notice to the Agent, require it to resign in accordance with paragraph (b) above. In this event, the Agent shall resign in accordance with paragraph (b) above.

 

(i) The Agent shall resign in accordance with paragraph (b) above if on or after the date which is three months before the earliest FATCA Application Date relating to any payment to the Agent under the Finance Documents, either:

 

(i) the Agent fails to respond to a request under Clause 13.8 (FATCA Information) and the Company or a Lender reasonably believes that the Agent will not be (or will have ceased to be) a FATCA Exempt Party on or after that FATCA Application Date;

 

(ii) the information supplied by the Agent pursuant to Clause 13.8 (FATCA Information) indicates that the Agent will not be (or will have ceased to be) a FATCA Exempt Party on or after that FATCA Application Date; or

 

(iii) the Agent notifies the Company and the Lenders that the Agent will not be (or will have ceased to be) a FATCA Exempt Party on or after that FATCA Application Date;

 

and (in each case) the Company or a Lender reasonably believes that a Party will be required to make a FATCA Deduction that would not be required if the Agent were a FATCA Exempt Party, and the Company or that Lender, by notice to the Agent, requires it to resign.

 

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26.13 Replacement of the Agent

 

(a) With the consent of the Company (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld), the Majority Lenders may, by giving 30 days’ notice to the Agent (or, at any time the Agent is an Impaired Agent, by giving any shorter notice determined by the Majority Lenders) replace the Agent by appointing a successor Agent (acting through an office in the United Kingdom).

 

(b) The retiring Agent shall (at its own cost if it is an Impaired Agent and otherwise at the expense of the Lenders) make available to the successor Agent such documents and records and provide such assistance as the successor Agent may reasonably request for the purposes of performing its functions as Agent under the Finance Documents.

 

(c) The appointment of the successor Agent shall take effect on the date specified in the notice from the Majority Lenders to the retiring Agent. As from this date, the retiring Agent shall be discharged from any further obligation in respect of the Finance Documents (other than its obligations under paragraph (b) above) but shall remain entitled to the benefit of Clause 15.3 (Indemnity to the Agent) and this Clause 26 (and any agency fees for the account of the retiring Agent shall cease to accrue from (and shall be payable on) that date).

 

(a) Any successor Agent and each of the other Parties shall have the same rights and obligations amongst themselves as they would have had if such successor had been an original Party, including the capacity to represent any Finance Party for the purposes of raising any Finance Document to the status of Spanish Public Document.

 

26.14 Confidentiality

 

(a) In acting as agent for the Finance Parties, the Agent shall be regarded as acting through its agency division which shall be treated as a separate entity from any other of its divisions or departments.

 

(b) If information is received by another division or department of the Agent, it may be treated as confidential to that division or department and the Agent shall not be deemed to have notice of it.

 

26.15 Relationship with the Lenders

 

(a) Subject to Clause 24.10 (Pro rata interest settlement), the Agent may treat the person shown in its records as Lender at the opening of business (in the place of the Agent’s principal office as notified to the Finance Parties from time to time) as the Lender acting through its Facility Office:

 

(i) entitled to or liable for any payment due under any Finance Document on that day; and

 

(ii) entitled to receive and act upon any notice, request, document or communication or make any decision or determination under any Finance Document made or delivered on that day,

 

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unless it has received not less than five Business Days’ prior notice from that Lender to the contrary in accordance with the terms of this Agreement.

 

(b) Any Lender may by notice to the Agent appoint a person to receive on its behalf all notices, communications, information and documents to be made or despatched to that Lender under the Finance Documents. Such notice shall contain the address, fax number and (where communication by electronic mail or other electronic means is permitted under Clause 31.6 (Electronic communication)) electronic mail address and/or any other information required to enable the transmission of information by that means (and, in each case, the department or officer, if any, for whose attention communication is to be made) and be treated as a notification of a substitute address, fax number, electronic mail address (or such other information), department and officer by that Lender for the purposes of Clause 31.2 (Addresses) and paragraph (a)(ii) of Clause 31.6 (Electronic communication) and the Agent shall be entitled to treat such person as the person entitled to receive all such notices, communications, information and documents as though that person were that Lender.

 

26.16 Credit appraisal by the Lenders

 

Without affecting the responsibility of any Obligor for information supplied by it or on its behalf in connection with any Finance Document, each Lender confirms to the Agent and the Arranger that it has been, and will continue to be, solely responsible for making its own independent appraisal and investigation of all risks arising under or in connection with any Finance Document including but not limited to:

 

(a) the financial condition, status and nature of each member of the Group;

 

(b) the legality, validity, effectiveness, adequacy or enforceability of any Finance Document and any other agreement, arrangement or document entered into, made or executed in anticipation of, under or in connection with any Finance Document;

 

(c) whether that Lender has recourse, and the nature and extent of that recourse, against any Party or any of its respective assets under or in connection with any Finance Document, the transactions contemplated by the Finance Documents or any other agreement, arrangement or document entered into, made or executed in anticipation of, under or in connection with any Finance Document; and

 

(d) the adequacy, accuracy or completeness of any information provided by the Agent, any Party or by any other person under or in connection with any Finance Document, the transactions contemplated by any Finance Document or any other agreement, arrangement or document entered into, made or executed in anticipation of, under or in connection with any Finance Document.

 

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26.17 Deduction from amounts payable by the Agent

 

If any Party owes an amount to the Agent under the Finance Documents the Agent may, after giving notice to that Party, deduct an amount not exceeding that amount from any payment to that Party which the Agent would otherwise be obliged to make under the Finance Documents and apply the amount deducted in or towards satisfaction of the amount owed. For the purposes of the Finance Documents that Party shall be regarded as having received any amount so deducted.

 

26.18 Role of Reference Banks

 

(a) No Reference Bank is under any obligation to provide a quotation or any other information to the Agent.

 

(b) No Reference Bank will be liable for any action taken by it under or in connection with any Finance Document, or for any Reference Bank Quotation, unless directly caused by its gross negligence or wilful misconduct.

 

(c) No Party (other than the relevant Reference Bank) may take any proceedings against any officer, employee or agent of any Reference Bank in respect of any claim it might have against that Reference Bank or in respect of any act or omission of any kind by that officer, employee or agent in relation to any Finance Document, or to any Reference Bank Quotation, and any officer, employee or agent of each Reference Bank may rely on this Clause 26.18 subject to Clause 1.4 (Third party rights) and the provisions of the Third Parties Act.

 

26.19 Third party Reference Banks

 

A Reference Bank which is not a Party may rely on Clause 26.18 (Role of Reference Banks), Clause 35.3 (Other exceptions) and Clause 37 (Confidentiality of Funding Rates and Reference Bank Quotations), subject to Clause 1.4 (Third party rights) and the provisions of the Third Parties Act.

 

26.20 Fees, commissions and expenses paid to the Agent

 

The fees, commissions and expenses payable to the Agent for services rendered and the performance of its obligations under this Agreement shall not be abated by any remuneration or other amounts or profits receivable by the Agent (or any of its associates) in connection with any transaction effected by the Agent with or for the Lenders or the Company.

 

27. CONDUCT OF BUSINESS BY THE FINANCE PARTIES

 

No provision of this Agreement will:

 

(a) interfere with the right of any Finance Party to arrange its affairs (tax or otherwise) in whatever manner it thinks fit;

 

(b) oblige any Finance Party to investigate or claim any credit, relief, remission or repayment available to it or the extent, order and manner of any claim; or

 

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(c) oblige any Finance Party to disclose any information relating to its affairs (tax or otherwise) or any computations in respect of Tax.

 

28. SHARING AMONG THE FINANCE PARTIES

 

28.1 Payments to Finance Parties

 

If a Finance Party (a “Recovering Finance Party”) receives or recovers any amount from an Obligor other than in accordance with Clause 29 (Payment mechanics) (a “Recovered Amount”) and applies that amount to a payment due under the Finance Documents then:

 

(a) the Recovering Finance Party shall, within three Business Days, notify details of the receipt or recovery to the Agent;

 

(b) the Agent shall determine whether the receipt or recovery is in excess of the amount the Recovering Finance Party would have been paid had the receipt or recovery been received or made by the Agent and distributed in accordance with Clause 29 (Payment mechanics), without taking account of any Tax which would be imposed on the Agent in relation to the receipt, recovery or distribution; and

 

(c) the Recovering Finance Party shall, within three Business Days of demand by the Agent, pay to the Agent an amount (the “Sharing Payment”) equal to such receipt or recovery less any amount which the Agent determines may be retained by the Recovering Finance Party as its share of any payment to be made, in accordance with Clause 29.6 (Partial payments).

 

28.2 Redistribution of payments

 

The Agent shall treat the Sharing Payment as if it had been paid by the relevant Obligor and distribute it between the Finance Parties (other than the Recovering Finance Party) (the “Sharing Finance Parties”) in accordance with Clause 29.6 (Partial payments) towards the obligations of that Obligor to the Sharing Finance Parties.

 

28.3 Recovering Finance Party’s rights

 

On a distribution by the Agent under Clause 28.2 (Redistribution of payments) of a payment received by a Recovering Finance Party from an Obligor, as between the relevant Obligor and the Recovering Finance Party, an amount of the Recovered Amount equal to the Sharing Payment will be treated as not having been paid by that Obligor.

 

28.4 Reversal of redistribution

 

If any part of the Sharing Payment received or recovered by a Recovering Finance Party becomes repayable and is repaid by that Recovering Finance Party, then:

 

(a) each Sharing Finance Party shall, upon request of the Agent, pay to the Agent for the account of that Recovering Finance Party an amount equal to the appropriate part of its share of the Sharing Payment (together with an amount

 

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as is necessary to reimburse that Recovering Finance Party for its proportion of any interest on the Sharing Payment which that Recovering Finance Party is required to pay) (the “Redistributed Amount”); and

 

(b) as between the relevant Obligor and each relevant Sharing Finance Party, an amount equal to the relevant Redistributed Amount will be treated as not having been paid by that Obligor.

 

28.5 Exceptions

 

(a) This Clause 28 shall not apply to the extent that the Recovering Finance Party would not, after making any payment pursuant to this Clause, have a valid and enforceable claim against the relevant Obligor.

 

(b) A Recovering Finance Party is not obliged to share with any other Finance Party any amount which the Recovering Finance Party has received or recovered as a result of taking legal or arbitration proceedings, if:

 

(i) it notified that other Finance Party of the legal or arbitration proceedings; and

 

(ii) that other Finance Party had an opportunity to participate in those legal or arbitration proceedings but did not do so as soon as reasonably practicable having received notice and did not take separate legal or arbitration proceedings.

 

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SECTION 11
ADMINISTRATION

 

29. PAYMENT MECHANICS

 

29.1 Payments to the Agent

  

(a) On each date on which an Obligor or a Lender is required to make a payment under a Finance Document, that Obligor or Lender shall make the same available to the Agent (unless a contrary indication appears in a Finance Document) for value on the due date at the time and in such funds specified by the Agent as being customary at the time for settlement of transactions in the relevant currency in the place of payment.

 

(b) Payment shall be made to such account in the principal financial centre of the country of that currency (or, in relation to euro, in a principal financial centre in such Participating Member State or London, as specified by the Agent) and with such bank as the Agent, in each case, specifies.

 

29.2 Distributions by the Agent

 

Each payment received by the Agent under the Finance Documents for another Party shall, subject to Clause 29.3 (Distributions to an Obligor) and Clause 29.4 (Clawback and pre-funding) be made available by the Agent as soon as practicable after receipt to the Party entitled to receive payment in accordance with this Agreement (in the case of a Lender, for the account of its Facility Office), to such account as that Party may notify to the Agent by not less than five Business Days’ notice with a bank specified by that Party in the principal financial centre of the country of that currency (or, in relation to euro, in the principal financial centre of a Participating Member State or London, as specified by that Party).

 

29.3 Distributions to an Obligor

 

The Agent may (with the consent of the Obligor or in accordance with Clause 30 (Set- off)) apply any amount received by it for that Obligor in or towards payment (on the date and in the currency and funds of receipt) of any amount due from that Obligor under the Finance Documents or in or towards purchase of any amount of any currency to be so applied.

 

29.4 Clawback and pre-funding

 

(a) Where a sum is to be paid to the Agent under the Finance Documents for another Party, the Agent is not obliged to pay that sum to that other Party (or to enter into or perform any related exchange contract) until it has been able to establish to its satisfaction that it has actually received that sum.

 

(b) Unless paragraph (c) below applies, if the Agent pays an amount to another Party and it proves to be the case that the Agent had not actually received that amount, then the Party to whom that amount (or the proceeds of any related exchange contract) was paid by the Agent shall on demand refund the same to the Agent together with interest on that amount from the date of payment to
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the date of receipt by the Agent, calculated by the Agent to reflect its cost of funds.

 

(c) If the Agent has notified the Lenders that it is willing to make available amounts for the account of a Borrower before receiving funds from the Lenders then if and to the extent that the Agent does so but it proves to be the case that it does not then receive funds from a Lender in respect of a sum which it paid to a Borrower:

 

(i) the Agent shall notify the Company of that Lender’s identity and the Borrower to whom that sum was made available shall on demand refund it to the Agent; and

 

(ii) the Lender by whom those funds should have been made available or, if that Lender fails to do so, the Borrower to whom that sum was made available, shall on demand pay to the Agent the amount (as certified by the Agent) which will indemnify the Agent against any funding cost incurred by it as a result of paying out that sum before receiving those funds from that Lender.

 

29.5 Impaired Agent

 

(a) If, at any time, the Agent becomes an Impaired Agent, an Obligor or a Lender which is required to make a payment under the Finance Documents to the Agent in accordance with Clause 29.1 (Payments to the Agent) may instead either:

 

(i) pay that amount direct to the required recipient(s); or

 

(ii) if in its absolute discretion it considers that it is not reasonably practicable to pay that amount direct to the required recipient(s), pay that amount or the relevant part of that amount to an interest-bearing account held with an Acceptable Bank and in relation to which no Insolvency Event has occurred and is continuing, in the name of the Obligor or the Lender making the payment (the “Paying Party”) and designated as a trust account for the benefit of the Party or Parties beneficially entitled to that payment under the Finance Documents (the “Recipient Party” or “Recipient Parties”).

 

In each case such payments must be made on the due date for payment under the Finance Documents.

 

(b) All interest accrued on the amount standing to the credit of the trust account shall be for the benefit of the Recipient Party or the Recipient Parties pro rata to their respective entitlements.

 

(c) A Party which has made a payment in accordance with this Clause 29.5 shall be discharged of the relevant payment obligation under the Finance Documents and shall not take any credit risk with respect to the amounts standing to the credit of the trust account.
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(d) Promptly upon the appointment of a successor Agent in accordance with Clause 26.13 (Replacement of the Agent), each Paying Party shall (other than to the extent that that Party has given an instruction pursuant to paragraph (e) below) give all requisite instructions to the bank with whom the trust account is held to transfer the amount (together with any accrued interest) to the successor Agent for distribution to the relevant Recipient Party or Recipient Parties in accordance with Clause 29.2 (Distributions by the Agent).

 

(e) A Paying Party shall, promptly upon request by a Recipient Party and to the extent:

 

(i) that it has not given an instruction pursuant to paragraph (d) above; and

 

(ii) that it has been provided with the necessary information by that Recipient Party,

 

give all requisite instructions to the bank with whom the trust account is held to transfer the relevant amount (together with any accrued interest) to that Recipient Party.

 

29.6 Partial payments

 

(a) If the Agent receives a payment that is insufficient to discharge all the amounts then due and payable by an Obligor under the Finance Documents, the Agent shall apply that payment towards the obligations of that Obligor under the Finance Documents in the following order:

 

(i) first, in or towards payment pro rata of any unpaid amount owing to the Agent under the Finance Documents;

 

(ii) secondly, in or towards payment pro rata of any accrued interest, fee or commission due but unpaid under this Agreement;

 

(iii) thirdly, in or towards payment pro rata of any principal due but unpaid under this Agreement; and

 

(iv) fourthly, in or towards payment pro rata of any other sum due but unpaid under the Finance Documents.

 

(b) The Agent shall, if so directed by the Majority Lenders, vary the order set out in paragraphs (a)(ii) to (a)(iv) above.

 

(c) Paragraphs (a) and (b) above will override any appropriation made by an Obligor.

 

29.7 No set-off by Obligors

 

All payments to be made by an Obligor under the Finance Documents shall be calculated and be made without (and free and clear of any deduction for) set-off or counterclaim.

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29.8 Business Days

 

(a) Any payment under any Finance Document which is due to be made on a day that is not a Business Day shall be made on the next Business Day in the same calendar month (if there is one) or the preceding Business Day (if there is not).

 

(b) During any extension of the due date for payment of any principal or Unpaid Sum under this Agreement interest is payable on the principal or Unpaid Sum at the rate payable on the original due date.

 

29.9 Currency of account

 

(a) Subject to paragraphs (b) to (e) below, the applicable Base Currency is the currency of account and payment for any sum due from an Obligor under any Finance Document.

 

(b) A repayment of a Loan or Unpaid Sum or a part of a Loan or Unpaid Sum shall be made in the currency in which that Loan or Unpaid Sum is denominated, pursuant to this Agreement, on its due date.

 

(c) Each payment of interest shall be made in the currency in which the sum in respect of which the interest is payable was denominated, pursuant to this Agreement, when that interest accrued.

 

(d) Each payment in respect of costs, expenses or Taxes shall be made in the currency in which the costs, expenses or Taxes are incurred.

 

(e) Any amount expressed to be payable in a currency other than the applicable Base Currency shall be paid in that other currency.

 

29.10 Change of currency

 

(a) Unless otherwise prohibited by law, if more than one currency or currency unit are at the same time recognised by the central bank of any country as the lawful currency of that country, then:

 

(i) any reference in the Finance Documents to, and any obligations arising under the Finance Documents in, the currency of that country shall be translated into, or paid in, the currency or currency unit of that country designated by the Agent (after consultation with the Company); and

 

(ii) any translation from one currency or currency unit to another shall be at the official rate of exchange recognised by the central bank for the conversion of that currency or currency unit into the other, rounded up or down by the Agent (acting reasonably).

 

(b) If a change in any currency of a country occurs, this Agreement will, to the extent the Agent (acting reasonably and after consultation with the Company) specifies to be necessary, be amended to comply with any generally accepted conventions and market practice in the Relevant Market and otherwise to reflect the change in currency.
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29.11 Disruption to payment systems etc.

 

If either the Agent determines (in its discretion) that a Disruption Event has occurred or the Agent is notified by the Company that a Disruption Event has occurred:

 

(a) the Agent may, and shall if requested to do so by the Company, consult with the Company with a view to agreeing with the Company such changes to the operation or administration of the Facilities as the Agent may deem necessary in the circumstances;

 

(b) the Agent shall not be obliged to consult with the Company in relation to any changes mentioned in paragraph (a) above if, in its opinion, it is not practicable to do so in the circumstances and, in any event, shall have no obligation to agree to such changes;

 

(c) the Agent may consult with the Finance Parties in relation to any changes mentioned in paragraph (a) above but shall not be obliged to do so if, in its opinion, it is not practicable to do so in the circumstances;

 

(d) any such changes agreed upon by the Agent and the Company shall (whether or not it is finally determined that a Disruption Event has occurred) be binding upon the Parties as an amendment to (or, as the case may be, waiver of) the terms of the Finance Documents notwithstanding the provisions of Clause 35 (Amendments and Waivers);

 

(e) the Agent shall not be liable for any damages, costs or losses to any person, any diminution in value or any liability whatsoever (including, without limitation for negligence, gross negligence or any other category of liability whatsoever but not including any claim based on the fraud of the Agent) arising as a result of its taking, or failing to take, any actions pursuant to or in connection with this Clause 29.11; and

 

(f) the Agent shall notify the Finance Parties of all changes agreed pursuant to paragraph (d) above.

 

30. SET-OFF

 

A Finance Party may set off any matured obligation due from an Obligor under the Finance Documents (to the extent beneficially owned by that Finance Party) against any matured obligation owed by that Finance Party to that Obligor, regardless of the place of payment, booking branch or currency of either obligation. If the obligations are in different currencies, the Finance Party may convert either obligation at a market rate of exchange in its usual course of business for the purpose of the set-off.

 

31. NOTICES

 

31.1 Communications in writing

 

Any communication to be made under or in connection with the Finance Documents shall be made in writing and, unless otherwise stated, may be made by fax or letter or pursuant to Clause 31.6 (Electronic communication).

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31.2 Addresses

 

The address and fax number (and the department or officer, if any, for whose attention the communication is to be made) of each Party for any communication or document to be made or delivered under or in connection with the Finance Documents is:

 

(a) in the case of the Company, that identified with its name in the signature pages to the Amendment and Restatement Agreement;

 

(b) in the case of each Lender or any other Obligor, that notified in writing to the Agent on or prior to the date on which it becomes a Party; and

 

(c) in the case of the Agent, that identified with its name in the signature pages to the Amendment and Restatement Agreement,

 

or any substitute address or fax number or department or officer as the Party may notify to the Agent (or the Agent may notify to the other Parties, if a change is made by the Agent) by not less than five Business Days’ notice.

 

31.3 Delivery

 

(a) Any communication or document made or delivered by one person to another under or in connection with the Finance Documents will only be effective:

 

(i) if by way of fax, when received in legible form; or

 

(ii) if by way of letter, when it has been left at the relevant address or five Business Days after being deposited in the post postage prepaid in an envelope addressed to it at that address,

 

and, if a particular department or officer is specified as part of its address details provided under Clause 31.2 (Addresses), if addressed to that department or officer.

 

(b) Any communication or document to be made or delivered to the Agent will be effective only when actually received by the Agent and then only if it is expressly marked for the attention of the department or officer identified with the Agent’s signature below (or any substitute department or officer as the Agent shall specify for this purpose).

 

(c) All notices from or to an Obligor shall be sent through the Agent.

 

(d) Any communication or document made or delivered to the Company in accordance with this Clause will be deemed to have been made or delivered to each of the Obligors.

 

(e) Any communication or document which becomes effective, in accordance with paragraphs (a) to (d) above, after 5:00 p.m. in the place of receipt shall be deemed only to become effective on the following day.
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31.4 Notification of address and fax number

 

Promptly upon changing its address or fax number, the Agent shall notify the other Parties.

 

31.5 Communication when Agent is Impaired Agent

 

If the Agent is an Impaired Agent the Parties may, instead of communicating with each other through the Agent, communicate with each other directly and (while the Agent is an Impaired Agent) all the provisions of the Finance Documents which require communications to be made or notices to be given to or by the Agent shall be varied so that communications may be made and notices given to or by the relevant Parties directly. This provision shall not operate after a replacement Agent has been appointed.

 

31.6 Electronic communication

 

(a) Any communication or document to be made or delivered by one Party to another under or in connection with the Finance Documents may be made or delivered by electronic mail or other electronic means (including, without limitation, by way of posting to a secure website) if those two Parties:

 

(i) notify each other in writing of their electronic mail address and/or any other information required to enable the transmission of information by that means; and

 

(ii) notify each other of any change to their address or any other such information supplied by them by not less than five Business Days’ notice.

 

(b) Any such electronic communication or delivery as specified in paragraph (a) above to be made between an Obligor and a Finance Party may only be made in that way to the extent that those two Parties agree that, unless and until notified to the contrary, this is to be an accepted form of communication or delivery.

 

(c) Any such electronic communication or document as specified in paragraph (a) above made or delivered by one Party to another will be effective only when actually received (or made available) in readable form and in the case of any electronic communication or document made or delivered by a Party to the Agent only if it is addressed in such a manner as the Agent shall specify for this purpose.

 

(d) Any electronic communication or document which becomes effective, in accordance with paragraph (c) above, after 5:00 p.m. in the place in which the Party to whom the relevant communication or document is sent or made available has its address for the purpose of this Agreement shall be deemed only to become effective on the following day.

 

(e) Any reference in a Finance Document to a communication being sent or received or a document being delivered shall be construed to include that
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communication or document being made available in accordance with this Clause 31.6.

 

31.7 English language

 

(a) Any notice given under or in connection with any Finance Document must be in English.

 

(b) All other documents provided under or in connection with any Finance Document must be:

 

(i) in English; or

 

(ii) if not in English, and if so required by the Agent, accompanied by a certified English translation and, in this case, the English translation will prevail unless the document is a constitutional, statutory or other official document.

 

32. CALCULATIONS AND CERTIFICATES

 

32.1 Accounts

 

In any litigation or arbitration proceedings arising out of or in connection with a Finance Document, the entries made in the accounts maintained by a Finance Party are prima facie evidence of the matters to which they relate.

 

32.2 Certificates and determinations

 

Any certification or determination by a Finance Party of a rate or amount under any Finance Document shall set out (in reasonable detail, provided that it shall not be required to disclose confidential or proprietary information) the basis of calculation of that rate or amount and is, in the absence of manifest error, conclusive evidence of the matters to which it relates.

 

32.3 Day count convention

 

Any interest, commission or fee accruing under a Finance Document will accrue from day to day and is calculated on the basis of the actual number of days elapsed and a year of 365 days or, in any case where the practice in the Relevant Market differs, in accordance with that market practice.

 

33. PARTIAL INVALIDITY

 

If, at any time, any provision of a Finance Document is or becomes illegal, invalid or unenforceable in any respect under any law of any jurisdiction, neither the legality, validity or enforceability of the remaining provisions nor the legality, validity or enforceability of such provision under the law of any other jurisdiction will in any way be affected or impaired.

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34. REMEDIES AND WAIVERS

 

No failure to exercise, nor any delay in exercising, on the part of any Finance Party, any right or remedy under a Finance Document shall operate as a waiver of any such right or remedy or constitute an election to affirm any of the Finance Documents. No election to affirm any Finance Document on the part of any Finance Party shall be effective unless it is in writing. No single or partial exercise of any right or remedy shall prevent any further or other exercise or the exercise of any other right or remedy. The rights and remedies provided in each Finance Document are cumulative and not exclusive of any rights or remedies provided by law.

 

35. AMENDMENTS AND WAIVERS

 

35.1 Required consents

 

(a) Subject to Clause 35.2 (All Lender matters) and Clause 35.3 (Other exceptions) any term of the Finance Documents may be amended or waived only with the consent of the Majority Lenders and the Obligors and any such amendment or waiver will be binding on all Parties.

 

(b) The Agent may effect, on behalf of any Finance Party, any amendment or waiver permitted by this Clause 35.

 

(c) Paragraph (c) of Clause 24.9 (Pro rata interest settlement) shall apply to this Clause 46.

 

35.2 All Lender matters

 

Subject to Clause 35.4 (Replacement of Screen Rate), an amendment or waiver of any term of any Finance Document that has the effect of changing or which relates to:

 

(a) the definition of “Majority Lenders” in Clause 1.1 (Definitions);

 

(b) other than in accordance with Clause 5.6 (Extension Option), an extension to the date of payment of any amount under the Finance Documents;

 

(c) a reduction in the Margin or a reduction in the amount of any payment of principal, interest, fees or commission payable (except pursuant to the operation of the margin ratchet set out in the definition of Margin);

 

(d) a change in currency of payment of any amount under the Finance Documents;

 

(e) an increase in any Commitment, an extension of the Availability Period or any requirement that a cancellation of Commitments reduces the Commitments of the Lenders rateably under the relevant Facility (other than in accordance with Clause 2.2 (Increase) or Clause 2.3 (Accordion Option));

 

(f) a change to the Borrowers or Guarantors (other than in accordance with Clause 25 (Changes to the Obligors));

 

(g) any provision which expressly requires the consent of all the Lenders;
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(h) any Sanctions related definition in Clause 1.1 (Definitions), Clause 19.15 (Sanctions), Clause 22.10 (Sanctions) or Clause 23.3 (Sanctions);

 

(i) Clause 2.4 (Finance Parties’ rights and obligations), Clause 5.1 (Delivery of a Utilisation Request), Clause 8.1 (Illegality), Clause 8.2 (Change of control), Clause 24 (Changes to the Lenders), Clause 25 (Changes to the Obligors), Clause 28 (Sharing among the Finance Parties), this Clause 35, Clause 40 (Governing law) or Clause 41.1 (Jurisdiction); or

 

(j) the nature or scope of the guarantee and indemnity granted under Clause 18 (Guarantee and indemnity),

 

shall not be made without the prior consent of all the Lenders.

 

35.3 Other exceptions

 

An amendment or waiver which relates to the rights or obligations of the Agent, the Arranger or a Reference Bank (each in their capacity as such) may not be effected without the consent of the Agent, the Arranger or that Reference Bank, as the case may be.

 

35.4 Replacement of Screen Rate

 

(a) Subject to Clause 35.3 (Other exceptions), if a Screen Rate Replacement Event has occurred in relation to any Screen Rate for a currency which can be selected for a Loan, any amendment or waiver which relates to:

 

(i) providing for the use of a Replacement Benchmark in relation to that currency in place of that Screen Rate; and

 

(ii)

 

(A) aligning any provision of any Finance Document to the use of that Replacement Benchmark;

 

(B) enabling that Replacement Benchmark to be used for the calculation of interest under this Agreement (including, without limitation, any consequential changes required to enable that Replacement Benchmark to be used for the purposes of this Agreement);

 

(C) implementing market conventions applicable to that Replacement Benchmark;

 

(D) providing for appropriate fallback (and market disruption) provisions for that Replacement Benchmark; or

 

(E) adjusting the pricing to reduce or eliminate, to the extent reasonably practicable, any transfer of economic value from one Party to another as a result of the application of that Replacement Benchmark (and if any adjustment or method for calculating any adjustment has been formally designated,
147

nominated or recommended by the Relevant Nominating Body, the adjustment shall be determined on the basis of that designation, nomination or recommendation),

 

may be made with the consent of the Agent (acting on the instructions of the Majority Lenders) and the Parent.

 

(b) If any Lender fails to respond to a request for an amendment or waiver described in paragraph (a) above within 15 Business Days (or such longer time period in relation to any request which the Company and the Agent may agree) of that request being made:

 

(i) its Commitment(s) shall not be included for the purpose of calculating the Total Commitments under the relevant Facility/ies when ascertaining whether any relevant percentage of Total Commitments has been obtained to approve that request; and

 

(ii) its status as a Lender shall be disregarded for the purpose of ascertaining whether the agreement of any specified group of Lenders has been obtained to approve that request.

 

35.5 Disenfranchisement of Defaulting Lenders

 

(a) For so long as a Defaulting Lender has any Available Commitment, in ascertaining:

 

(i) the Majority Lenders; or

 

(ii) whether:

 

(A) any given percentage (including, for the avoidance of doubt, unanimity) of the Total Commitments under the relevant Facility/ies; or

 

(B) the agreement of any specified group of Lenders,

 

has been obtained to approve any request for a consent, waiver, amendment or other vote under the Finance Documents,

 

that Defaulting Lender’s Commitment(s) under the relevant Facility/ies will be reduced by the amount of its Available Commitment under the relevant Facility/ies and to the extent that that reduction results in that Defaulting Lender’s Commitment(s) being zero, that Defaulting Lender shall be deemed not to be a Lender for the purposes of paragraphs (i) and (ii) above.

 

(b) For the purposes of this Clause 35.5, the Agent may assume that the following Lenders are Defaulting Lenders:

 

(i) any Lender which has notified the Agent that it has become a Defaulting Lender;
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(ii) any Lender in relation to which it is aware that any of the events or circumstances referred to in paragraphs (a), (b) or (c) of the definition of “Defaulting Lender” has occurred,

 

unless it has received notice to the contrary from the Lender concerned (together with any supporting evidence reasonably requested by the Agent) or the Agent is otherwise aware that the Lender has ceased to be a Defaulting Lender.

 

35.6 Excluded Commitments

 

If any Defaulting Lender fails to respond to a request for a consent, waiver, amendment of or in relation to any term of any Finance Document or any other vote of Lenders under the terms of this Agreement within ten Business Days (unless the Company and the Agent agree to a longer time period in relation to any request) of that request being made:

 

(a) its Commitments shall not be included for the purpose of calculating the Total Commitments under the relevant Facility/ies when ascertaining whether any relevant percentage (including, for the avoidance of doubt, unanimity) of Total Commitments has been obtained to approve that request; and

 

(b) its status as a Lender shall be disregarded for the purpose of ascertaining whether the agreement of any specified group of Lenders has been obtained to approve that request.

 

35.7 Replacement of a Defaulting Lender

 

(a) The Company may, at any time a Lender has become and continues to be a Defaulting Lender, by giving ten Business Days’ prior written notice to the Agent and such Lender:

 

(i) replace such Lender by requiring such Lender to (and to the extent permitted by law, such Lender shall) transfer pursuant to Clause 24 (Changes to the Lenders) all (and not part only) of its rights and obligations under this Agreement; or

 

(ii) require such Lender to (and to the extent permitted by law, such Lender shall) transfer pursuant to Clause 24 (Changes to the Lenders) all (and not part only) of the undrawn Commitments of the Lender,

 

to an Eligible Institution (a “Replacement Lender”) which confirms its willingness to assume and does assume all the obligations or all the relevant obligations of the transferring Lender in accordance with Clause 24 (Changes to the Lenders) for a purchase price in cash payable at the time of transfer which is either:

 

(A) in an amount equal to the outstanding principal amount of such Lender’s participation in the outstanding Loans and all accrued interest (to the extent that the Agent has not given a notification under Clause 24.10 (Pro rata interest settlement)), Break Costs
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and other amounts payable in relation thereto under the Finance Documents; or

 

(B) in an amount agreed between that Defaulting Lender, the Replacement Lender and the Company and which does not exceed the amount described in paragraph (A) above.

 

(b) Any transfer of rights and obligations of a Defaulting Lender pursuant to this Clause shall be subject to the following conditions:

 

(i) the Company shall have no right to replace the Agent;

 

(ii) neither the Agent nor the Defaulting Lender shall have any obligation to the Company to find a Replacement Lender;

 

(iii) the transfer must take place no later than fifteen after the notice referred to in paragraph (a) above;

 

(iv) in no event shall the Defaulting Lender be required to pay or surrender to the Replacement Lender any of the fees received by the Defaulting Lender pursuant to the Finance Documents; and

 

(v) the Defaulting Lender shall only be obliged to transfer its rights and obligations pursuant to paragraph (a) above once it is satisfied that it has complied with all necessary “know your customer” or other similar checks under all applicable laws and regulations in relation to that transfer to the Replacement Lender.

 

(c) The Defaulting Lender shall perform the checks described in paragraph (b)(v) above as soon as reasonably practicable following delivery of a notice referred to in paragraph (a) above and shall notify the Agent and the Company when it is satisfied that it has complied with those checks.

 

36. CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION

 

36.1 Confidentiality

 

Each Finance Party agrees to keep all Confidential Information confidential and not to disclose it to anyone, save to the extent permitted by Clause 36.2 (Disclosure of Confidential Information) and Clause 36.3 (Disclosure to numbering service providers), and to ensure that all Confidential Information is protected with security measures and a degree of care that would apply to its own confidential information.

 

36.2 Disclosure of Confidential Information

 

Any Finance Party may disclose:

 

(a) to any of its Affiliates and Related Funds and any of its or their officers, directors, employees, professional advisers, auditors, partners and Representatives such Confidential Information as that Finance Party shall consider appropriate if any person to whom the Confidential Information is to be given pursuant to this paragraph (a) is informed in writing of its
150

 

confidential nature and that some or all of such Confidential Information may be price-sensitive information except that there shall be no such requirement to so inform if the recipient is subject to professional obligations to maintain the confidentiality of the information or is otherwise bound by requirements of confidentiality in relation to the Confidential Information;

 

(b) to any person:

 

(i) to (or through) whom it assigns or transfers (or may potentially assign or transfer) all or any of its rights and/or obligations under one or more Finance Documents or which succeeds (or which may potentially succeed) it as Agent and, in each case, to any of that person’s Affiliates, Related Funds, Representatives and professional advisers;

 

(ii) with (or through) whom it enters into (or may potentially enter into), whether directly or indirectly, any sub-participation in relation to, or any other transaction under which payments are to be made or may be made by reference to, one or more Finance Documents and/or one or more Obligors and to any of that person’s Affiliates, Related Funds, Representatives and professional advisers;

 

(iii) appointed by any Finance Party or by a person to whom paragraph (b)(i) or (ii) above applies to receive communications, notices, information or documents delivered pursuant to the Finance Documents on its behalf (including, without limitation, any person appointed under paragraph (b) of Clause 26.15 (Relationship with the Lenders));

 

(iv) who invests in or otherwise finances (or may potentially invest in or otherwise finance), directly or indirectly, any transaction referred to in paragraph (b)(i) or (b)(ii) above;

 

(v) to whom information is required or requested to be disclosed by any court of competent jurisdiction or any governmental, banking, taxation or other regulatory authority or similar body, the rules of any relevant stock exchange or pursuant to any applicable law or regulation;

 

(vi) to whom information is required to be disclosed in connection with, and for the purposes of, any litigation, arbitration, administrative or other investigations, proceedings or disputes;

 

(vii) to whom or for whose benefit that Finance Party charges, assigns or otherwise creates Security (or may do so) pursuant to Clause 24.9 (Security over Lenders’ rights);

 

(viii) who is a Party; or

 

(ix) with the consent of the Company;

 

in each case, such Confidential Information as that Finance Party shall consider appropriate if:

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(A) in relation to paragraphs (b)(i), (b)(ii) and (b)(iii) above, the person to whom the Confidential Information is to be given has entered into a Confidentiality Undertaking except that there shall be no requirement for a Confidentiality Undertaking if the recipient is a professional adviser and is subject to professional obligations to maintain the confidentiality of the Confidential Information;

 

(B) in relation to paragraph (b)(iv) above, the person to whom the Confidential Information is to be given has entered into a Confidentiality Undertaking or is otherwise bound by requirements of confidentiality in relation to the Confidential Information they receive and is informed that some or all of such Confidential Information may be price-sensitive information;

 

(C) in relation to paragraphs (b)(v), (b)(vi) and (b)(vii) above, the person to whom the Confidential Information is to be given is informed of its confidential nature and that some or all of such Confidential Information may be price-sensitive information except that there shall be no requirement to so inform if, in the opinion of that Finance Party, it is not practicable so to do in the circumstances; and

 

(c) to any person appointed by that Finance Party or by a person to whom paragraph (b)(i) or (b)(ii) above applies to provide administration or settlement services in respect of one or more of the Finance Documents including without limitation, in relation to the trading of participations in respect of the Finance Documents, such Confidential Information as may be required to be disclosed to enable such service provider to provide any of the services referred to in this paragraph (c) if the service provider to whom the Confidential Information is to be given has entered into a confidentiality agreement substantially in the form of the LMA Master Confidentiality Undertaking for Use With Administration/Settlement Service Providers or such other form of confidentiality undertaking agreed between the Company and the relevant Finance Party; and

 

(d) to any rating agency (including its professional advisers) such Confidential Information as may be required to be disclosed to enable such rating agency to carry out its normal rating activities in relation to the Finance Documents and/or the Obligors if the rating agency to whom the Confidential Information is to be given is informed of its confidential nature and that some or all of such Confidential Information may be price-sensitive information.

 

36.3 Disclosure to numbering service providers

 

(a) Any Finance Party may disclose to any national or international numbering service provider appointed by that Finance Party to provide identification numbering services in respect of this Agreement, the Facilities and/or one or more Obligors the following information:
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(i) names of Obligors;

 

(ii) country of domicile of Obligors;

 

(iii) place of incorporation of Obligors;

 

(iv) date of this Agreement;

 

(v) Clause 40 (Governing law);

 

(vi) the names of the Agent and the Arranger;

 

(vii) date of each amendment and restatement of this Agreement;

 

(viii) amounts of, and names of, the Facilities (and any tranches);

 

(ix) amount of Total Commitments;

 

(x) currencies of the Facilities;

 

(xi) type of Facilities;

 

(xii) ranking of Facilities;

 

(xiii) Termination Date for the Facilities;

 

(xiv) changes to any of the information previously supplied pursuant to paragraphs (i) to (xiii) above; and

 

(xv) such other information agreed between such Finance Party and the Company,

 

to enable such numbering service provider to provide its usual syndicated loan numbering identification services.

 

(b) The Parties acknowledge and agree that each identification number assigned to this Agreement, the Facilities and/or one or more Obligors by a numbering service provider and the information associated with each such number may be disclosed to users of its services in accordance with the standard terms and conditions of that numbering service provider.

 

(c) Each Obligor represents that none of the information set out in paragraphs (i) to (xv) of paragraph (a) above is, nor will at any time be, unpublished price- sensitive information.

 

(d) The Agent shall notify the Company and the other Finance Parties of:

 

(i) the name of any numbering service provider appointed by the Agent in respect of this Agreement, the Facilities and/or one or more Obligors; and
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(ii) the number or, as the case may be, numbers assigned to this Agreement, the Facilities and/or one or more Obligors by such numbering service provider.

 

36.4 Entire agreement

 

This Clause 36 constitutes the entire agreement between the Parties in relation to the obligations of the Finance Parties under the Finance Documents regarding Confidential Information and supersedes any previous agreement, whether express or implied, regarding Confidential Information.

 

36.5 Inside information

 

Each of the Finance Parties acknowledges that some or all of the Confidential Information is or may be price-sensitive information and that the use of such information may be regulated or prohibited by applicable legislation including securities law relating to insider dealing and market abuse and each of the Finance Parties undertakes not to use any Confidential Information for any unlawful purpose.

 

36.6 Notification of disclosure

 

Each of the Finance Parties agrees (to the extent permitted by law and regulation) to inform the Company:

 

(a) of the circumstances of any disclosure of Confidential Information made pursuant to paragraph (b)(v) of Clause 36.2 (Disclosure of Confidential Information) except where such disclosure is made to any of the persons referred to in that paragraph during the ordinary course of its supervisory or regulatory function; and

 

(b) upon becoming aware that Confidential Information has been disclosed in breach of this Clause 36.

 

36.7 Continuing obligations

 

The obligations in this Clause 36 are continuing and, in particular, shall survive and remain binding on each Finance Party for a period of twelve months from the earlier of:

 

(a) the date on which all amounts payable by the Obligors under or in connection with this Agreement have been paid in full and all Commitments have been cancelled or otherwise cease to be available; and

 

(b) the date on which such Finance Party otherwise ceases to be a Finance Party.
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37. CONFIDENTIALITY OF FUNDING RATES AND REFERENCE BANK QUOTATIONS

 

37.1 Confidentiality and disclosure

 

(a) The Agent and each Obligor agree to keep each Funding Rate (and, in the case of the Agent, each Reference Bank Quotation) confidential and not to disclose it to anyone, save to the extent permitted by paragraphs (b), (c) and (d) below.

 

(b) The Agent may disclose:

 

(i) any Funding Rate (but not, for the avoidance of doubt, any Reference Bank Quotation) to the relevant Borrower pursuant to Clause 9.4 (Notification of rates of interest); and

 

(ii) any Funding Rate or any Reference Bank Quotation to any person appointed by it to provide administration services in respect of one or more of the Finance Documents to the extent necessary to enable such service provider to provide those services if the service provider to whom that information is to be given has entered into a confidentiality agreement substantially in the form of the LMA Master Confidentiality Undertaking for Use With Administration/Settlement Service Providers or such other form of confidentiality undertaking agreed between the Agent and the relevant Lender or Reference Bank, as the case may be.

 

(c) The Agent may disclose any Funding Rate or any Reference Bank Quotation, and each Obligor may disclose any Funding Rate, to:

 

(i) any of its Affiliates and any of its or their officers, directors, employees, professional advisers, auditors, partners and Representatives if any person to whom that Funding Rate or Reference Bank Quotation is to be given pursuant to this paragraph (i) is informed in writing of its confidential nature and that it may be price- sensitive information except that there shall be no such requirement to so inform if the recipient is subject to professional obligations to maintain the confidentiality of that Funding Rate or Reference Bank Quotation or is otherwise bound by requirements of confidentiality in relation to it;

 

(ii) any person to whom information is required or requested to be disclosed by any court of competent jurisdiction or any governmental, banking, taxation or other regulatory authority or similar body, the rules of any relevant stock exchange or pursuant to any applicable law or regulation if the person to whom that Funding Rate or Reference Bank Quotation is to be given is informed in writing of its confidential nature and that it may be price-sensitive information except that there shall be no requirement to so inform if, in the opinion of the Agent or the relevant Obligor, as the case may be, it is not practicable to do so in the circumstances;
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(iii) any person to whom information is required to be disclosed in connection with, and for the purposes of, any litigation, arbitration, administrative or other investigations, proceedings or disputes if the person to whom that Funding Rate or Reference Bank Quotation is to be given is informed in writing of its confidential nature and that it may be price-sensitive information except that there shall be no requirement to so inform if, in the opinion of the Agent or the relevant Obligor , as the case may be, it is not practicable to do so in the circumstances ; and

 

(iv) any person with the consent of the relevant Lender or Reference Bank, as the case may be.

 

(d) The Agent’s obligations in this Clause 37 relating to Reference Bank Quotations are without prejudice to its obligations to make notifications under Clause 9.4 (Notification of rates of interest) provided that (other than pursuant to paragraph (b)(i) above) the Agent shall not include the details of any individual Reference Bank Quotation as part of any such notification.

 

37.2 Related obligations

 

(a) The Agent and each Obligor acknowledge that each Funding Rate (and, in the case of the Agent, each Reference Bank Quotation) is or may be price- sensitive information and that its use may be regulated or prohibited by applicable legislation including securities law relating to insider dealing and market abuse and the Agent and each Obligor undertake not to use any Funding Rate or, in the case of the Agent, any Reference Bank Quotation for any unlawful purpose.

 

(b) The Agent and each Obligor agree (to the extent permitted by law and regulation) to inform the relevant Lender or Reference Bank, as the case may be:

 

(i) of the circumstances of any disclosure made pursuant to paragraph (c)(ii) of Clause 37.1 (Confidentiality and disclosure) except where such disclosure is made to any of the persons referred to in that paragraph during the ordinary course of its supervisory or regulatory function; and

 

(ii) upon becoming aware that any information has been disclosed in breach of this Clause 37.

 

37.3 No Event of Default

 

No Event of Default will occur under Clause 23.3 (Other obligations) by reason only of an Obligor’s failure to comply with this Clause 37.

 

38. COUNTERPARTS

 

Each Finance Document may be executed in any number of counterparts, and this has the same effect as if the signatures on the counterparts were on a single copy of the Finance Document.

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39. CONTRACTUAL RECOGNITION OF BAIL-IN

 

39.1 Bail-in

 

Notwithstanding any other term of any Finance Document or any other agreement, arrangement or understanding between the Parties, each Party acknowledges and accepts that any liability of any Party to any other Party under or in connection with the Finance Documents may be subject to Bail-In Action by the relevant Resolution Authority and acknowledges and accepts to be bound by the effect of:

 

(a) any Bail-In Action in relation to any such liability, including (without limitation):

 

(i) a reduction, in full or in part, in the principal amount, or outstanding amount due (including any accrued but unpaid interest) in respect of any such liability;

 

(ii) a conversion of all, or part of, any such liability into shares or other instruments of ownership that may be issued to, or conferred on, it; and

 

(iii) a cancellation of any such liability; and

 

(b) a variation of any term of any Finance Document to the extent necessary to give effect to any Bail-In Action in relation to any such liability.

 

39.2 Definitions

 

In this Agreement:

 

Article 55 BRRD” means Article 55 of Directive 2014/59/EU establishing a framework for the recovery and resolution of credit institutions and investment firms.

 

Bail-In Action” means the exercise of any Write-down and Conversion Powers.

 

Bail-In Legislation” means in relation to an EEA Member Country which has implemented, or which at any time implements, Article 55 BRRD, the relevant implementing law or regulation as described in the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule from time to time.

 

EEA Member Country” means any member state of the European Union, Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.

 

EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule” means the document described as such and published by the Loan Market Association (or any successor person) from time to time.

 

Resolution Authority” means any body which has authority to exercise any Write- down and Conversion Powers.

 

UK Bail-In Legislation” means (to the extent that the United Kingdom is not an EEA Member Country which has implemented, or implements, Article 55 BRRD) Part I of the United Kingdom Banking Act 2009 and any other law or regulation

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applicable in the United Kingdom relating to the resolution of unsound or failing banks, investment firms or other financial institutions or their affiliates (otherwise than through liquidation, administration or other insolvency proceedings).

 

Write-down and Conversion Powers” means:

 

(a) in relation to any Bail-In Legislation described in the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule from time to time, the powers described as such in relation to that Bail-In Legislation in the EU Bail-In Legislation Schedule; and

 

(b) in relation to any UK Bail-In Legislation:

 

(i) any powers under that UK Bail-In Legislation to cancel, transfer or dilute shares issued by a person that is a bank or investment firm or other financial institution or affiliate of a bank, investment firm or other financial institution, to cancel, reduce, modify or change the form of a liability of such a person or any contract or instrument under which that liability arises, to convert all or part of that liability into shares, securities or obligations of that person or any other person, to provide that any such contract or instrument is to have effect as if a right had been exercised under it or to suspend any obligation in respect of that liability or any of the powers under that UK Bail-In Legislation that are related to or ancillary to any of those powers; and

 

(ii) any similar or analogous powers under that UK Bail-In Legislation.
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SECTION 12

GOVERNING LAW AND ENFORCEMENT

 

40. GOVERNING LAW

 

This Agreement and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with it are governed by English law.

 

41. ENFORCEMENT

 

41.1 Jurisdiction

 

(a) Each of the Parties hereby submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of England to settle any dispute arising out of or in connection with the Finance Documents (including a dispute relating to the existence, validity or termination of a Finance Document or any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with this Agreement) (a “Dispute”).

 

(b) The Parties agree that the courts of England are the most appropriate and convenient courts to settle Disputes and accordingly no Party will argue to the contrary.

 

(c) Notwithstanding paragraphs (a) and (b) above, no Finance Party shall be prevented from taking proceedings relating to a Dispute in any other courts with jurisdiction. To the extent allowed by law, the Finance Parties may take concurrent proceedings in any number of jurisdictions.

 

41.2 Enforcement actions in Spain

 

(a) For the purposes of article 572 of the Spanish Civil Procedural Law (Ley de Enjuiciamiento Civil), the Parties expressly agree that upon the occurrence of an Event of Default, the Agent (and/or any Finance Party) will calculate the amount due following its accounting provisions (based on the total aggregate amount of the balance of the accounts maintained by the Agent (or the relevant Finance Party, as the case may be)) and it will issue the relevant certificate (which will be upheld valid in a Court and shall produce all legal effects) detailing the total due amount as of the date of its issuance. For the purposes of Articles 571 et seq. of the Spanish Civil Procedural Law (Ley de Enjuiciamiento Civil), the Parties expressly agree that such balances shall be considered as due, liquid and payable and may be claimed pursuant to the same provisions of such law.

 

(b) For any enforcement actions in Spain the submission of a “copia autorizada” or “testimonio con carácter ejecutivo” of this Agreement, together with the certificate referred to in article 517.2.5 of the Spanish Civil Procedural Law (Ley de Enjuiciamiento Civil), should this be the case, and the submission of another certificate issued by an authorised representative of the Agent (and/or the relevant Finance Party) establishing the due amount by the Obligors hereunder, in which the Notary witnessing such certificate, at the Agent’s (and/or the relevant Finance Party ‘s) request, will certify that the said balance coincides with that set out in the Agent’s (and/or the relevant Finance Party’s)
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accounts referred to in Clause 33.1 above and that the settlement of the due amount has been made in the manner agreed by the Parties in this Agreement.

 

41.3 Service of process

 

Without prejudice to any other mode of service allowed under any relevant law, each Obligor (other than an Obligor incorporated in England and Wales):

 

(a) irrevocably appoints the Company as its agent for service of process in relation to any proceedings before the English courts in connection with any Finance Document; and

 

(b) agrees that failure by a process agent to notify the relevant Obligor of the process will not invalidate the proceedings concerned.

 

This Agreement has been entered into on the date stated at the beginning of this Agreement.

 

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SCHEDULE 1 

THE ORIGINAL PARTIES

 

PART I

THE ORIGINAL OBLIGORS

 

Name of Original Borrower Registration number (or
equivalent, if any)
Original
Jurisdiction
     
Just Eat Holding Limited 05438939 England and Wales
     
Just Eat Limited 06947854 England and Wales
     
Name of Original Guarantor Registration number (or
equivalent, if any)
 
     
Eat Now Services Pty Ltd ABN 59 138 659 588 Australia
     
Just Eat Denmark Holding ApS 35143416 Denmark
     
Just Eat Holding Limited 05438939 England and Wales
     
Just Eat Host A/S 25487389 Denmark
     
Just Eat Limited 06947854 England and Wales
     
Just Eat.co.uk Limited 04656315 England and Wales
     
Just Eat.dk ApS 25537335 Denmark
     
Just-Eat Ireland Limited 457475 Ireland
     
Just-Eat Spain S.L.U B86008539 Spain
     
Just-eat.lu S.à r.l R.C.S. Luxembourg B 176.212 Luxembourg
     
Menulog Group Ltd ACN 603 840 820 Australia
     
Menulog Pty Ltd ABN 76 120 943 615 Australia
     
SkipTheDishes Restaurant Services Inc2 11160745 Canada

  

 

2 Just Eat Canada Inc (2206170) merged with SkipTheDishes Restaurant Services Inc (with SkipTheDishes Restaurant Services Inc being the surviving entity) after the date of this Agreement.

 


161

 

PART II

THE ORIGINAL LENDERS


[***]

 

 

162

 

SCHEDULE 2
CONDITIONS PRECEDENT

 

PART I

CONDITIONS PRECEDENT TO INITIAL UTILISATION

 

[Note: the following conditions precedent were satisfied prior to the first Utilisation. The conditions precedent to the Amendment and Restatement Agreement are set out in that agreement.]

 

1. Original Obligors

 

(a) A copy of the constitutional documents of each Original Obligor which shall, in respect of any Original Obligor with an Original Jurisdiction of:

 

(i) Denmark, mean a copy of the articles of association (in Danish: vedtægter) and an online transcript from the Danish Business Authority (in Danish: fuldstændig rapport fra Erhvervsstyrelsen) shall be provided in connection with this paragraph (a); or

 

(ii) Spain, mean: (a) its deed of incorporation and (b) an up-to-date excerpt (certificación literal) from the relevant Commercial Registry in respect of such Spanish Obligor including, in particular, reference to (i) its valid incorporation and existence; (ii) the current composition of its governing body; (iii) that the company´s registry records (hoja registral) is not closed; (iv) that no decision for its dissolution, liquidation or insolvency has been registered and (v) containing the up to date by-laws);

 

(iii) Luxembourg, mean:

 

(A) a copy of the articles of association (statuts) of such Obligor;

 

(B) an excerpt (extrait) from the Luxembourg Register of Commerce and Companies in respect of such Obligor dated on the date of this Agreement and certified by an authorised signatory of such Obligor;

 

(C) a certificate (certificat de non-inscription d’une décision judiciaire) from the Luxembourg Register of Commerce and Companies in respect of such Obligor dated on the date of this Agreement and stating that no judicial decision has been registered with the Luxembourg Register of Commerce and Companies by application of article 13, items 2 to 12 and article 14 of the Luxembourg law dated 19 December 2002 relating to the register of commerce and companies and certified by an authorised signatory of such Obligor; and

 

(D) a certificate signed by a manager of the Luxembourg Obligor certifying that (A) it is not subject to bankruptcy (faillite), controlled management (gestion contrôlée), suspension of payments (sursis de paiement), arrangement with creditors

 


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(concordat préventif de faillite) or voluntary or judicial liquidation (liquidation volontaire ou judiciaire) proceedings, (B) it is not in a state of cessation of payments (cessation de payments) and has not lost its commercial creditworthiness (ébranlement de credit), (C) no application has been made by it or, as far as it is aware, by any other entitled person for the appointment of a commissaire, juge-commissaire, liquidateur, curateur or similar officer pursuant to any insolvency or similar proceedings, and (D) to the best of its knowledge, no petition for the opening of such proceedings has been presented by it or by any other person entitled to do so.

 

(b) A copy of a resolution (or, in the case of an Australian Obligor, an extract thereof) of the board of directors or managers of each Original Obligor:

 

(i) approving the terms of, and the transactions contemplated by, the Finance Documents to which it is a party and resolving that it execute the Finance Documents to which it is a party;

 

(ii) authorising a specified person or persons to execute the Finance Documents to which it is a party on its behalf;

 

(iii) authorising a specified person or persons, on its behalf, to sign and/or despatch all documents and notices (including, if relevant, any Utilisation Request) to be signed and/or despatched by it under or in connection with the Finance Documents to which it is a party; and

 

(iv) in the case of an Obligor other than the Company, authorising the Company to act as its agent in connection with the Finance Documents.

 

(c) A specimen of the signature of each person authorised by the resolution referred to in paragraph (ii) above.

 

(d) A copy of a resolution signed by all the holders of the issued shares in each Original Guarantor (other than (i) the Company, and (ii) any Obligor incorporated in Australia, Denmark or Luxembourg), approving the terms of, and the transactions contemplated by, the Finance Documents to which that Original Guarantor is a party.

 

(e) A certificate of the Company (signed by a director) confirming that borrowing or guaranteeing, as appropriate, the Total Commitments would not cause any borrowing, guaranteeing or similar limit binding on any Original Obligor to be exceeded.

 

(f) A certificate of an authorised signatory of the relevant Original Obligor certifying that each copy document relating to it specified in this Part I of Schedule 2 is correct, complete and in full force and effect as at a date no earlier than the date of this Agreement.

 


164

(g) In respect of each Irish Obligor, a certificate (signed by a director) certifying certain factual information about that Irish Obligor including confirmations in respect of Section 239 and 82 of the Irish Companies Act.

 

(h) In respect of each Australian Obligor, a certificate (signed by a director) certifying that:

 

(i) there will be no contravention of, and neither is it prohibited by, Chapter 2E of the Australian Corporations Act or any other provision of the Australian Corporations Act from entering into and delivering the Finance Documents to which it is a party and the performance of any of its obligations under those documents;

 

(ii) it is solvent and there are no reasonable grounds to suspect that it will become insolvent by entering into and complying with its obligations under the Finance Documents; and

 

(iii) borrowing or guaranteeing, as appropriate, the Total Commitments would not cause any borrowing, guaranteeing or similar limit binding on that Australian Obligor to be exceeded.

 

2. Finance Documents

 

(a) A duly executed copy of this Agreement.

 

(b) A duly executed copy of each Fee Letter.

 

3. Legal opinions

 

(a) A legal opinion of Clifford Chance LLP, legal advisers to the Arranger and the Agent in England, substantially in the form distributed to the Original Lenders prior to signing this Agreement.

 

(b) A legal opinion of Clifford Chance SCS, legal advisers to the Arranger and the Agent in Luxembourg, substantially in the form distributed to the Original Lenders prior to signing this Agreement.

 

(c) A legal opinion of Clifford Chance, legal advisers to the Arranger and the Agent in Australia, substantially in the form distributed to the Original Lenders prior to signing this Agreement.

 

(d) A legal opinion of Arthur Cox, legal advisers to the Arranger and the Agent in Ireland, substantially in the form distributed to the Original Lenders prior to signing this Agreement.

 

(e) A legal opinion of Gorrissen Federspiel Advokatpartnerselskab, legal advisers to the Arranger and the Agent in Denmark substantially in the form distributed to the Original Lenders prior to signing this Agreement.

 

(f) A legal opinion of Ogier, legal advisers to the Company in Luxembourg substantially in the form distributed to the Original Lenders prior to signing this Agreement.

 


165

(g) A capacity legal opinion of LaBarge Weinstein LLP, legal advisers to the Company in Canada substantially in the form distributed to the Original Lenders prior to signing this Agreement.

 

(h) A capacity legal opinion of Cuatrecasas, Gonçalves Pereira S.L.P., legal advisers to the Company in Spain substantially in the form distributed to the Original Lenders prior to signing this Agreement.

 

4. Other documents and evidence

 

(a) A certified copy of the Group Structure Chart.

 

(b) A Compliance Certificate confirming:

 

(i) that the Company is in compliance with Clause 22.8 (Guarantors); and

 

(ii) the list of Material Subsidiaries as at the date of the Agreement.

 

(c) A copy of any other Authorisation or other document, opinion or assurance which the Agent considers to be necessary or desirable (if it has notified the Company accordingly) in connection with the entry into and performance of the transactions contemplated by any Finance Document or for the validity and enforceability of any Finance Document.

 

(d) Evidence that all amounts outstanding under the Existing Facilities have been, or will simultaneously with first Utilisation be, repaid in full and irrevocably cancelled and that any related Security and guarantees will be released and discharged on or before the first Utilisation Date.

 

(e) The copy of the Original Financial Statements of the Company.

 

(f) Any document requested by an Original Lender in respect of its “know your customer” or similar procedures in respect of the Original Obligors.

 

(g) Evidence that the fees, costs and expenses then due from the Company or any Borrower pursuant to Clause 12 (Fees) and Clause 17 (Costs and expenses) have been paid or will be paid by the first Utilisation Date.

 


166

PART II

CONDITIONS PRECEDENT REQUIRED TO BE
DELIVERED BY AN ADDITIONAL OBLIGOR

 

1. An Accession Letter, duly executed by the Additional Obligor and the Company.

 

2. A copy of the constitutional documents of the Additional Obligor (including, in relation to an Additional Obligor incorporated or established in Spain, its deed of incorporation and an up-to-date excerpt (certificación literal) from the relevant Commercial Registry in respect of such Additional Obligor including, in particular, reference to (i) its valid incorporation and existence; (ii) the current composition of its governing body; (iii) that the company´s registry records (hoja registral) is not closed; (iv) that no decision for its dissolution, liquidation or insolvency has been registered and (v) containing the up to date by-laws and, in relation to an Additional Obligor incorporated or established in The Netherlands, (i) a copy of the articles of association (statuten) and deed of incorporation (oprichtingsakte) of the Additional Obligor, as well as an extract (uittreksel) from the Dutch Commercial Register (Handelsregister) of such Additional Obligor).

  

3. A copy of a resolution (or extract resolution) of the board of directors of the Additional Obligor (or, in relation to an Additional Obligor incorporated or established in Germany, a copy of a resolution signed by all the holders of the issued shares (Gesellschafterbeschluss) of such Additional Obligor and/or, if applicable, a copy of a resolution of the supervisory board (Aufsichtsrat) and/or advisory board (Beirat) of such Additional Obligor):

 

(a) approving the terms of, and the transactions contemplated by, the Accession Letter and the Finance Documents and resolving that it execute the Accession Letter;

 

(b) authorising a specified person or persons to execute the Accession Letter on its behalf; and

 

(c) authorising a specified person or persons, on its behalf, to sign and/or despatch all other documents and notices (including, in relation to an Additional Borrower, any Utilisation Request) to be signed and/or despatched by it under or in connection with the Finance Documents.

 

4. A specimen of the signature of each person authorised by the resolution referred to in paragraph 3 above.

 

5. If required under applicable law, or reasonably requested by the Agent for the purpose of delivering a legal opinion pursuant to paragraph 13 or 14 below, a copy of a resolution of the board of supervisory directors of the Additional Obligor approving the terms of the resolutions referred to under 3 above.

 

6. If required under applicable law, or reasonably requested by the Agent for the purpose of delivering a legal opinion pursuant to paragraph 13 or 14 below, a copy of a resolution signed by all the holders of the issued shares of the Additional Guarantor, approving the terms of, and the transactions contemplated by, the Finance Documents to which the Additional Guarantor is a party.

 


167

7. A certificate of the Additional Obligor (signed by a director) confirming that borrowing or guaranteeing, as appropriate, the Total Commitments would not cause any borrowing, guaranteeing or similar limit binding on it to be exceeded.

 

8. In respect of any Additional Obligor with an Original Jurisdiction of Ireland, a certificate (signed by a director) certifying certain factual information about that Irish Obligor including confirmations in respect of Section 239 and 82 of the Irish Companies Act.

 

9. A certificate of an authorised signatory of the Additional Obligor certifying that each copy document listed in this Part II of Schedule 2 is correct, complete and in full force and effect as at a date no earlier than the date of the Accession Letter.

 

10. A copy of any other Authorisation or other document, opinion or assurance which the Agent considers to be necessary or desirable in connection with the entry into and performance of the transactions contemplated by the Accession Letter or for the validity and enforceability of any Finance Document.

 

11. If available, the latest audited financial statements of the Additional Obligor.

 

12. In each case to the extent applicable:

 

(a) written confirmation from the relevant managing directors that no Additional Obligor has, nor is it in the process of establishing, a works’ council (including, in The Netherlands, an ondernemingsraad) as at the date no earlier than the date of the accession; or

 

(b) if the Group has a works’ council (including, in The Netherlands, an ondernemingsraad) or central or European works’ council with jurisdiction over that Additional Obligor or the transactions contemplated by the Finance Documents, a copy of:

 

(i) the relevant request for advice from each such works’ council; and

 

(ii) the applicable advice providing evidence of the necessary action to authorise the Additional Obligor in respect of the Finance Documents.

 

13. A legal opinion of Clifford Chance LLP, legal advisers to the Arranger and the Agent in England.

 

14. If the Additional Obligor is incorporated in a jurisdiction other than England and Wales, a legal opinion of the legal advisers to the Arranger and the Agent in the jurisdiction in which the Additional Obligor is incorporated.

 

15. With respect to the accessions of the Acceding Takeaway Entities as Additional Obligors only:

 

(a) evidence of the CMA Approval;

 

(b) if required under applicable law, a copy of a resolution signed by the supervisory board of the Acceding Takeaway Entity, approving the terms of,

 


168

and the transactions contemplated by, the Finance Documents to which that Acceding Takeaway Entity is a party;

 

(c) confirmation that the Company has been re-registered as a limited company;

 

(d) confirmation that, upon the accession of the Acceding Takeaway Entities (and any other entities that will become Additional Obligors on or prior to the date on which the accession of the Acceding Takeaway Entities becomes effective) as Additional Obligors, the Parent would be in compliance with paragraphs (a)(ii) and (iii) of Clause 25.7 (Takeaway Accessions); and

 

(e) a copy of the structure chart for the Group (prepared on the basis that Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. is the Parent).

 


169

SCHEDULE 3
UTILISATION REQUEST

 

From:  [name of relevant Borrower]

 

To:      HSBC Bank plc

 

Dated:

 

Dear Sirs

 

Just Eat Limited – £267,500,000 and €307,625,000 Facilities Agreement

 

dated 2 November 2017 (as amended and/or restated from time to time) (the “Agreement”)

 

1. We refer to the Agreement. This is a Utilisation Request. Terms defined in the Agreement have the same meaning in this Utilisation Request unless given a different meaning in this Utilisation Request.

 

2. We wish to borrow a Loan on the following terms:

 

Proposed Utilisation Date: [  ] (or, if that is not a Business Day, the next Business Day)
   
Borrower: [  ]
   
Facility to be utilised: [Facility A1]/[Facility A2]
   
Currency of Loan: [  ]
   
Amount: [  ] or, if less, the Available Facility
   
Interest Period: [  ]

 

3. We confirm that each condition specified in Clause 4.2 (Further conditions precedent) of the Agreement is satisfied on the date of this Utilisation Request.

 

4. This Loan is to be made in [whole]/[part] for the purpose of refinancing [identify maturing Loan].

 

5. This Utilisation Request is irrevocable.

 

Yours faithfully

 

authorised signatory for and on behalf of

[name of relevant Borrower]

 


170

SCHEDULE 4

FORM OF TRANSFER CERTIFICATE

 

To: HSBC Bank plc as Agent

 

From: [The Existing Lender] (the “Existing Lender”) and [The New Lender] (the “New Lender”)

 

Dated:

 

Just Eat Limited – £267,500,000 and €307,625,000 Facilities Agreement
dated 2 November 2017 (as amended and/or restated from time to time) (the
“Agreement”)

 

1. We refer to the Agreement. This is a Transfer Certificate. Terms defined in the Agreement have the same meaning in this Transfer Certificate unless given a different meaning in this Transfer Certificate.

 

2. We refer to Clause 24.6 (Procedure for transfer) of the Agreement:

 

(a) The Existing Lender and the New Lender agree to the Existing Lender transferring to the New Lender by novation, and in accordance with Clause 24.6 (Procedure for transfer) of the Agreement, all of the Existing Lender’s rights and obligations under the Agreement and the other Finance Documents which relate to that portion of the Existing Lender’s Commitment(s) and participations in Loans under the Agreement as specified in the Schedule.

  

(b) The proposed Transfer Date is [ ].

 

(c) The Facility Office and address, fax number and attention details for notices of the New Lender for the purposes of Clause 31.2 (Addresses) of the Agreement are set out in the Schedule.

 

3. The New Lender expressly acknowledges the limitations on the Existing Lender’s obligations set out in paragraph (c) of Clause 24.5 (Limitation of responsibility of Existing Lenders) of the Agreement.

 

4. The New Lender confirms, for the benefit of the Agent and without liability to any Obligor, that it is:

 

(a) [a UK Qualifying Lender (other than a UK Treaty Lender);]

 

(b) [a UK Treaty Lender;]

 

(c) [not a UK Qualifying Lender].*

 

5. The New Lender confirms, for the benefit of the Agent and without liability to any Obligor, that it is:

 

(a) [a Dutch Qualifying Lender (other than a Dutch Treaty Lender);]

 

(b) [a Dutch Treaty Lender;]

 


171

(c) [not a Dutch Qualifying Lender].*

 

6. The New Lender expressly confirms that it [can/cannot] exempt the Agent from the restrictions pursuant to section 181 of the German Civil Code (Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch) and similar restrictions applicable to it pursuant to any other law as provided for in paragraph (c) of Clause 26.1 (Appointment of the Agent) of the Agreement.

 

7. [The New Lender confirms that the person beneficially entitled to interest payable to that Lender in respect of an advance under a Finance Document is either:

 

(a) a company resident in the United Kingdom for United Kingdom tax purposes; or

 

(b) a partnership each member of which is:

 

(i) a company so resident in the United Kingdom; or

 

(ii) a company not so resident in the United Kingdom which carries on a trade in the United Kingdom through a permanent establishment and which brings into account in computing its chargeable profits (within the meaning of section 19 of the CTA) the whole of any share of interest payable in respect of that advance that falls to it by reason of Part 17 of the CTA; or

 

(c) a company not so resident in the United Kingdom which carries on a trade in the United Kingdom through a permanent establishment and which brings into account interest payable in respect of that advance in computing the chargeable profits (within the meaning of section 19 of the CTA) of that company.]**

 

8. [The New Lender confirms that it holds a passport under the HMRC DT Treaty Passport scheme (reference number [ ]), and is tax resident in [ ] ***, so that interest payable to it by the Borrowers is generally subject to full exemption from United Kingdom withholding tax, and requests that the Company notify:

 

(a) each Borrower which is a Party as a Borrower as at the Transfer Date; and

 

(b) each Additional Borrower which becomes an Additional Borrower after the Transfer Date that it wishes that scheme to apply to the Agreement.]****

  

[5/6]. This Transfer Certificate may be executed in any number of counterparts and this has the same effect as if the signatures on the counterparts were on a single copy of this Transfer Certificate.

 

[6/7]. This Transfer Certificate [and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with it] [is/are] governed by English law.

 

[7/8] This Transfer Certificate has been entered into on the date stated at the beginning of this Transfer Certificate.

 


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THE SCHEDULE

 

Commitment(s)/rights and obligations to be transferred

 

[insert relevant details]

[Facility Office address, fax number and attention details for notices and account details for payments,]

 

For and on behalf of For and on behalf of
   
[Existing Lender] [New Lender]
   
By: By:

 

This Transfer Certificate is accepted by the Agent and the Transfer Date is confirmed as [ ].

 

For and on behalf of

 

[Agent]

 

By:

 

NOTES:

 

* Delete as applicable - each New Lender is required to confirm which of these three categories it falls within.

 

** Include if New Lender comes within paragraph (ii) of the definition of UK Domestic Lender in Clause 13.1 (Definitions).

 

*** Insert jurisdiction of tax residence.

 

**** Include if the New Lender holds a passport under the HMRC DT Treaty Passport scheme and wishes that scheme to apply to the Agreement.

 


173

SCHEDULE 5 

FORM OF ASSIGNMENT AGREEMENT

 

To:     HSBC Bank plc as Agent and Just Eat Limited as Company, for and on behalf of each Obligor

 

From: [the Existing Lender] (the “Existing Lender”) and [the New Lender] (the “New Lender”)

 

Dated:

 

Just Eat Limited - £267,500,000 and €307,625,000 Facilities Agreement
dated 2 November 2017 (as amended and/or restated from time to time) (the
“Agreement”)

 

1. We refer to the Agreement. This is an Assignment Agreement. Terms defined in the Agreement have the same meaning in this Assignment Agreement unless given a different meaning in this Assignment Agreement.

 

2. We refer to Clause 24.7 (Procedure for assignment) of the Agreement:

 

(a) The Existing Lender assigns absolutely to the New Lender all the rights of the Existing Lender under the Agreement and the other Finance Documents which relate to that portion of the Existing Lender’s Commitment(s) and participations in Loans under the Agreement as specified in the Schedule.

 

(b) The Existing Lender is released from all the obligations of the Existing Lender which correspond to that portion of the Existing Lender’s Commitment(s) and participations in Loans under the Agreement specified in the Schedule.

 

(c) The New Lender becomes a Party as a Lender and is bound by obligations equivalent to those from which the Existing Lender is released under paragraph (b) above.

 

3. The proposed Transfer Date is [ ].

 

4. On the Transfer Date the New Lender becomes Party to the Finance Documents as a Lender.

 

5. The Facility Office and address, fax number and attention details for notices of the New Lender for the purposes of Clause 31.2 (Addresses) of the Agreement are set out in the Schedule.

 

6. The New Lender expressly acknowledges the limitations on the Existing Lender’s obligations set out in paragraph (c) of Clause 24.5 (Limitation of responsibility of Existing Lenders) of the Agreement.

 

7. The New Lender confirms, for the benefit of the Agent and without liability to any Obligor, that it is:

 

(a) [a UK Qualifying Lender (other than a UK Treaty Lender);]

 


174

(b) [a UK Treaty Lender;]

 

(c) [not a UK Qualifying Lender].*

 

8. The New Lender confirms, for the benefit of the Agent and without liability to any Obligor, that it is:

 

(a) [a Dutch Qualifying Lender (other than a Dutch Treaty Lender);]

 

(b) [a Dutch Treaty Lender;]

 

(c) [not a Dutch Qualifying Lender].*

 

9. The New Lender expressly confirms that it [can/cannot] exempt the Agent from the restrictions pursuant to section 181 of the German Civil Code (Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch) and similar restrictions applicable to it pursuant to any other law as provided for in paragraph (c) of Clause 26.1 (Appointment of the Agent).

 

10. [The New Lender confirms that the person beneficially entitled to interest payable to that Lender in respect of an advance under a Finance Document is either:

 

(a) a company resident in the United Kingdom for United Kingdom tax purposes; or

 

(b) a partnership each member of which is:

 

(i) a company so resident in the United Kingdom; or

 

(ii) a company not so resident in the United Kingdom which carries on a trade in the United Kingdom through a permanent establishment and which brings into account in computing its chargeable profits (within the meaning of section 19 of the CTA) the whole of any share of interest payable in respect of that advance that falls to it by reason of Part 17 of the CTA; or

 

(c) a company not so resident in the United Kingdom which carries on a trade in the United Kingdom through a permanent establishment and which brings into account interest payable in respect of that advance in computing the chargeable profits (within the meaning of section 19 of the CTA) of that company.]**

 

11. [The New Lender confirms that it holds a passport under the HMRC DT Treaty Passport scheme (reference number [ ]), and is tax resident in [ ]***, so that interest payable to it by borrowers is generally subject to full exemption from United Kingdom withholding tax, and requests that the Company notify:

 

(a) each Borrower which is a Party as a Borrower as at the Transfer Date; and

 

(b) each Additional Borrower which becomes an Additional Borrower after the Transfer Date

 

that it wishes that scheme to apply to the Agreement.]****

 


175

[8/9]. This Assignment Agreement acts as notice to the Agent (on behalf of each Finance Party) and, upon delivery in accordance with Clause 24.8 (Copy of Transfer Certificate, Assignment Agreement, Increase Confirmation or Accordion Increase Confirmation to Company of the Agreement), to the Company (on behalf of each Obligor) of the assignment referred to in this Assignment Agreement.

 

[9/10]. This Assignment Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts and this has the same effect as if the signatures on the counterparts were on a single copy of this Assignment Agreement.

 

[10/11].This Assignment Agreement and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with it are governed by English law.

 

[11/12].This Assignment Agreement has been entered into on the date stated at the beginning of this Assignment Agreement.

 

THE SCHEDULE

 

Rights to be assigned and obligations to be released and undertaken

 

[insert relevant details]

 

[Facility office address, fax number and attention details for notices and account details for payments]

 

For and on behalf of For and on behalf of
   
[Existing Lender] [New Lender]
   
By: By:

 

This Assignment Agreement is accepted by the Agent and the Transfer Date is confirmed as [ ].

 

Signature of this Assignment Agreement by the Agent constitutes confirmation by the Agent of receipt of notice of the assignment referred to herein, which notice the Agent receives on behalf of each Finance Party.

 

For and on behalf of


[Agent]

 

By:

 

NOTES:

 

* Delete as applicable - each New Lender is required to confirm which of these three categories it falls within.

 


176

** Include only if New Lender is a UK Non-Bank Lender - i.e. falls within paragraph (ii) of the definition of UK Domestic Lender in Clause 13.1 (Definitions).

 

*** Insert jurisdiction of tax residence.

 

**** Include if the New Lender holds a passport under the HMRC DT Treaty Passport scheme and wishes that scheme to apply to the Agreement.

 


177

SCHEDULE 6

FORM OF ACCESSION LETTER

 

To: HSBC Bank plc as Agent

 

From: [Entity] and Just Eat Limited

 

Dated:

 

Dear Sirs

 

Just Eat Limited - £267,500,000 and €307,625,000 Facilities Agreement

 

dated 2 November 2017 (as amended and/or restated from time to time) (the “Agreement”)

 

1. We refer to the Agreement. This is an Accession Letter. Terms defined in the Agreement have the same meaning in this Accession Letter unless given a different meaning in this Accession Letter.

 

2. [Entity] agrees to become an Additional [Borrower]/[Guarantor] and to be bound by the terms of the Agreement as an Additional [Borrower]/[Guarantor] pursuant to [Clause 25.2 (Additional Borrowers)]/[Clause 25.4 (Additional Guarantors)] of the Agreement. [Entity] is a company duly incorporated under the laws of [name of relevant jurisdiction].5

 

3. [Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. also agrees to become the Parent and to be bound by the terms of the Agreement as the Parent pursuant to Clause 25.7 (Takeaway Accessions) of the Agreement.]6

 

4. [The Company confirms that no Default is continuing or would occur as a result of [Subsidiary] becoming an Additional Borrower.]7

 

5. [Entity’s] administrative details are as follows:

 

Address:


Fax No:

 

Attention:

 

6. This Accession Letter and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with it are governed by English law.

 

This Accession Letter is entered into by deed.

 

 

5 Limitation language to be included in the case of an Additional Borrower with an Original Jurisdiction of France.

 

6 Include in the case of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V.’s Accession Letter only.

 

7 Include in the case of an Additional Borrower.

 


178

 

For and on behalf of For and on behalf of
   
Just Eat Limited [Entity]
   
By: By:

 


179

SCHEDULE 7

FORM OF RESIGNATION LETTER

 

To: HSBC Bank plc as Agent

 

From: [resigning Obligor] and Just Eat Limited

 

Dated:

 

Dear Sirs

 

Just Eat Limited - £267,500,000 and €307,625,000 Facilities Agreement dated 2 November 2017 (as amended and/or restated from time to time) (the “Agreement”)

 

1. We refer to the Agreement. This is a Resignation Letter. Terms defined in the Agreement have the same meaning in this Resignation Letter unless given a different meaning in this Resignation Letter.

 

2. Pursuant to [Clause 25.3 (Resignation of a Borrower)]/[Clause 25.6 (Resignation of a Guarantor)] of the Agreement, we request that [resigning Obligor] be released from its obligations as a [Borrower]/[Guarantor] under the Agreement.

 

3. We confirm that:

 

(a) no Default is continuing or would result from the acceptance of this request; and

 

(b) [ ]*

 

4. This Resignation Letter and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with it are governed by English law.

 

For and on behalf of For and on behalf of
   
Just Eat Limited [Subsidiary]
   
By: By:

 

NOTES:

 

* Insert any other conditions required by the Agreement.

 


180

SCHEDULE 8 

FORM OF COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATE

 

To:     HSBC Bank plc as Agent

 

From: Just Eat Limited

 

Dated:

 

Dear Sirs

 

Just Eat Limited – £267,500,000 and €307,625,000 Facilities Agreement dated 2 November 2017 (as amended and/or restated from time to time) (the “ 

Agreement”)

 

1. We refer to the Agreement. This is a Compliance Certificate. Terms defined in the Agreement have the same meaning when used in this Compliance Certificate unless given a different meaning in this Compliance Certificate.

 

2. We confirm that as at [the relevant testing date]:

 

(a) the Leverage Ratio is [];

 

(b) the Interest Cover Ratio is []; and

 

(c) the applicable Margin for the next Interest Period is [].

 

3. We set out below calculations establishing the figures in paragraph 2(a) to (d) above.

 

4. We confirm that:

 

(a) the Parent is in compliance with Clause 22.8 (Guarantors) of the Agreement; and

 

(b) the following companies constitute Material Subsidiaries for the purpose of the Agreement:

 

[Material Subsidiaries to be included]

 

5. [We confirm that no Default is continuing.]* Signed:

 

Director
of
Company
Director
of
Company
   
OR  
Chief Financial Officer
of
 

 


181

Company

 

NOTES:

 

* If this statement cannot be made, the certificate should identify any Default that is continuing and the steps, if any, being taken to remedy it.

 


182

SCHEDULE 9 TIMETABLES

 

  Loans in USD 
and euro
Loans in sterling Loans in other
currencies
       
Agent notifies the Company if a currency is approved as an Optional Currency in accordance with Clause 4.3 (Conditions relating to Optional Currencies) - - U-4
       
Delivery of a duly completed Utilisation Request (Clause 5.1 U-3 U-1 U-3
(Delivery of a Utilisation Request)) 9.30am 9.30am 9.30am
       
Agent determines (in relation to a Utilisation) the Base U-3 U-1 U-3
Currency Amount of the Loan, if required under Clause 5.4 (Lenders’ participation) and notifies the Lenders of the Loan in accordance with Clause 5.4 (Lenders’ participation) Noon Noon Noon
       
Agent notifies the Lenders of the Loan in accordance with U-3 U-1 U-3
Clause 5.4 (Lenders’ participation) 3.00pm 3.00pm 3.00pm
       
Agent receives a notification from a Lender under Clause Quotation Day Quotation Day Quotation Day
6.2 (Unavailability of a currency) 10.00am 10.00am 10.00am
       
Agent gives notice in accordance with Clause 6.2 Quotation Day Quotation Day Quotation Day
(Unavailability of a currency) 10.30am 10.30am 10.30am
       
LIBOR or EURIBOR is fixed Quotation Day Quotation Day Quotation Day
  11:00 a.m. in respect of LIBOR and 11:00 a.m. (Brussels time) in respect of EURIBOR 11:00 a.m. 11:00 a.m.

 


183

 

  Loans in USD
and euro
Loans in sterling Loans in other
currencies
       
Benchmark Rate is fixed for a
Loan in a Non-LIBOR
Currency
N/A N/A As specified in respect of that currency in Schedule 13 (Other Benchmarks)
       
Reference Bank Rate calculated by reference to available quotations in accordance with Clause 11.2 (Calculation of Reference Bank Rate) Noon on the Quotation Day in respect of LIBOR and Quotation Day 11:30 a.m. (Brussels time) in respect of EURIBOR Noon on the
Quotation Day
Noon on the Quotation Day in respect of LIBOR and as specified as such in respect of the relevant currency in Schedule 13 (Other Benchmarks) in respect of a Benchmark Rate

 

“U” = date of utilisation

 

“U - X” = Business Days prior to date of utilisation

 


184

 

SCHEDULE 10

FORM OF INCREASE CONFIRMATION

 

To: HSBC Bank plc as Agent, and Just Eat Limited as Company, for and on behalf of each Obligor

 

From: [the Increase Lender] (the “Increase Lender”)

 

Dated:

 

Just Eat Limited - £267,500,000 and €307,625,000 Facilities Agreement

 

dated 2 November 2017 (as amended and/or restated from time to time) (the “Agreement”)

 

1. We refer to the Agreement. This is an Increase Confirmation. Terms defined in the Agreement have the same meaning in this Increase Confirmation unless given a different meaning in this Increase Confirmation.

 

2. We refer to Clause 2.2 (Increase) of the Agreement.

 

3. The Increase Lender agrees to assume and will assume all of the obligations corresponding to the Commitment(s) specified in the Schedule (the “Relevant Commitment(s)”) as if it had been an Original Lender under the Agreement in respect of the Relevant Commitment(s).

 

4. The proposed date on which the increase in relation to the Increase Lender and the Relevant Commitment(s) is to take effect (the “Increase Date”) is [•].

 

5. On the Increase Date, the Increase Lender becomes party to the Finance Documents as a Lender.

 

6. The Facility Office and address, fax number and attention details for notices to the Increase Lender for the purposes of Clause 31.2 (Addresses) of the Agreement are set out in the Schedule.

 

7. The Increase Lender expressly acknowledges the limitations on the Lenders’ obligations referred to in paragraph (i) of Clause 2.2 (Increase) of the Agreement.

 

8. The Increase Lender confirms, for the benefit of the Agent and without liability to any Obligor, that it is:

 

(a) [a UK Qualifying Lender (other than a UK Treaty Lender);]

 

(b) [a UK Treaty Lender;]

 

(c) [not a UK Qualifying Lender].8

 

 

8 Delete as applicable - each Increase Lender is required to confirm which of these three categories it falls within.
185 

9. The Increase Lender confirms, for the benefit of the Agent and without liability to any Obligor, that it is:

 

(a) [a Dutch Qualifying Lender (other than a Dutch Treaty Lender);]

 

(b) [a Dutch Treaty Lender;]

 

(c) [not a Dutch Qualifying Lender].9

 

10. The Increase Lender expressly confirms that it [can/cannot] exempt the Agent from the restrictions pursuant to section 181 of the German Civil Code (Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch) and similar restrictions applicable to it pursuant to any other law as provided for in paragraph (c) of Clause 26.1 (Appointment of the Agent) of the Agreement.

 

11. [The Increase Lender confirms that the person beneficially entitled to interest payable to that Lender in respect of an advance under a Finance Document is either:

 

(a) a company resident in the United Kingdom for United Kingdom tax purposes;

 

(b) a partnership each member of which is:

 

(i) a company so resident in the United Kingdom; or

 

(ii) a company not so resident in the United Kingdom which carries on a trade in the United Kingdom through a permanent establishment and which brings into account in computing its chargeable profits (within the meaning of section 19 of the CTA) the whole of any share of interest payable in respect of that advance that falls to it by reason of Part 17 of the CTA; or

 

(c) a company not so resident in the United Kingdom which carries on a trade in the United Kingdom through a permanent establishment and which brings into account interest payable in respect of that advance in computing the chargeable profits (within the meaning of section 19 of the CTA) of that company.]10

 

12. [The Increase Lender confirms that it holds a passport under the HMRC DT Treaty Passport scheme (reference number [•]) and is tax resident in [•]*, so that interest payable to it by borrowers is generally subject to full exemption from United Kingdom withholding tax and requests that the Company notify:

 

(a) each Borrower which is a Party as a Borrower as at the Increase Date; and

 

(b) each Additional Borrower which becomes an Additional Borrower after the Increase Date,

 

 

9 Delete as applicable - each Increase Lender is required to confirm which of these three categories it falls within.
10 Include only if Increase Lender is a UK Non-Bank Lender i.e. falls within paragraph (ii) of the definition of UK Domestic Lender in Clause 13.1 (Definitions).
186 

that it wishes the scheme to apply to the Agreement.]**

 

[10/11.] This Increase Confirmation may be executed in any number of counterparts and this has the same effect as if the signatures on the counterparts were on a single copy of this Increase Confirmation.

 

[11/12.] This Increase Confirmation [and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with it] [is/are] governed by English law.

 

[12/13]. This Increase Confirmation has been entered into on the date stated at the beginning of this Increase Confirmation.

187 

NOTES

 

* Insert jurisdiction of tax residence.

 

** This confirmation must be included if the Increase Lender holds a passport under the HMRC DT Treaty Passport scheme and wishes that scheme to apply to the Agreement.
188 

THE SCHEDULE

 

Relevant Commitment(s)/rights and obligations to be assumed by the Increase Lender

 

[insert relevant details]

 

[Facility Office address, fax number and attention details for notices and account details for payments]

 

[Increase Lender]

 

By:

This Increase Confirmation is accepted as an Increase Confirmation for the purpose of the Agreement by the Agent and the Increase Date is confirmed as [•].

 

Agent

 

By:

189 

 

SCHEDULE 11

FORM OF ACCORDION INCREASE REQUEST

 

From: Just Eat Limited as Company, for and on behalf of each Obligor

 

To: HSBC Bank plc as Agent

 

Dated:

 

Just Eat Limited — £267,500,000 and €307,625,000 Facilities Agreement dated 2 November 2017 (as amended and/or restated from time to time) (the “Agreement”)

 

1. We refer to the Agreement. This is an Accordion Increase Request. Terms defined in the Agreement have the same meaning in this Accordion Increase Request unless given a different meaning in this Accordion Increase Request.

 

2. We wish to request an increase of [the Total Facility A1 Commitments] [and] [the Total Facility A2 Commitments] on the following terms:

 

Proposed Accordion Increase Date: [___________] (or, if that is not a Business Day, the next Business Day)

 

Accordion Increase Amount: [___________]

 

[Total Facility A1 Commitments] [and] [Total Facility A2 Commitments] following increase: [___________]

 

3. The Accordion Increase Amount will be met by the following Accordion Increase Lenders increasing their Commitment(s) and/or acceding to the Agreement in respect of the Commitment(s) (as applicable) set out below:

 

Accordion [Current Facility A1 [Current [Facility A1 [Facility A2
Increase Lender Commitment (if applicable)]

Facility A2 Commitment

(if applicable)]

Commitment after increase] Commitment after increase]
[_________] [_________] [_________] [_________] [_________]
[_________] [_________] [_________] [_________] [_________]

 

4. This Accordion Increase Request is irrevocable.

 

Yours faithfully

 

…………………………………

Authorised signatory for Just Eat Limited

190 

SCHEDULE 12

FORM OF ACCORDION INCREASE CONFIRMATION

 

To: HSBC Bank plc as Agent and Just Eat Limited as Company, for and on behalf of each Obligor

 

From: [the Accordion Increase Lender] (the “Accordion Increase Lender”)

 

Dated:

 

Just Eat Limited — £267,500,000 and €307,625,000 Facilities Agreement dated 2 November 2017 (as amended and/or restated from time to time) (the “Agreement”)

 

1. We refer to the Agreement. This is an Accordion Increase Confirmation. Terms defined in the Agreement have the same meaning in this Accordion Increase Confirmation unless given a different meaning in this Accordion Increase Confirmation.

 

2. We refer to Clause 2.3 (Accordion Option) of the Agreement.

 

3. The Accordion Increase Lender agrees to assume and will assume all of the obligations corresponding to the Commitment(s) specified in the Schedule (the “Relevant Commitment(s)”) as if it was an Original Lender under the Agreement in respect of that Relevant Commitment(s).

 

4. The proposed date on which the increase in relation to the Accordion Increase Lender and the Relevant Commitment(s) is to take effect (the “Accordion Increase Date”) is [●].

 

5. [On the Accordion Increase Date, the Accordion Increase Lender becomes party to the Finance Documents as a Lender.]

 

6. [The Facility Office and address, fax number and attention details for notices to the Accordion Increase Lender for the purposes of Clause 31.2 (Addresses) are set out in the Schedule.]

 

7. The Accordion Increase Lender expressly acknowledges the limitations on the Lenders’ obligations referred to in paragraph (l) Clause 2.3 (Accordion Option) of the Agreement.

 

8. [The Accordion Increase Lender confirms, for the benefit of the Agent and without liability to any Obligor, that it is:

 

(a) [a UK Qualifying Lender (other than a UK Treaty Lender);]

 

(b) [a UK Treaty Lender;]
191 

(c) [not a UK Qualifying Lender].11

 

9. The Accordion Increase Lender confirms, for the benefit of the Agent and without liability to any Obligor, that it is:

 

(a) [a Dutch Qualifying Lender (other than a Dutch Treaty Lender);]

 

(b) [a Dutch Treaty Lender;]

 

(c) [not a Dutch Qualifying Lender].12

 

10. [The Accordion Increase Lender confirms that it is a Passported Lender (reference number [          ]) and is tax resident in [          ]13, so that interest payable to it by borrowers is generally subject to full exemption from United Kingdom withholding tax, and requests that the Company notify:

 

(a) each Borrower which is a Party as a Borrower as at the Accordion Increase Date; and

 

(b) each Additional Borrower which becomes an Additional Borrower after the Accordion Increase Date,

 

that it wishes the Passport Scheme to apply to the Agreement.]14

 

11. Each Accordion Increase Lender expressly confirms that it [can/cannot] exempt the Agent from the restrictions pursuant to section 181 of the German Civil Code (Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch) and similar restrictions applicable to it pursuant to any other law as provided for in paragraph (c) of Clause 26.1 (Appointment of the Agent) of the Agreement.

 

12. [The Accordion Increase Lender confirms that the person beneficially entitled to interest payable to that Lender in respect of an advance under a Finance Document is either:

 

(a) a company resident in the United Kingdom for United Kingdom tax purposes; or

 

(b) a partnership each member of which is:

 

(i) a company so resident in the United Kingdom; or

 

(ii) a company not so resident in the United Kingdom which carries on a trade in the United Kingdom through a permanent establishment and

 

 

11 Delete as applicable — each Accordion Increase Lender is required to confirm which of these three categories it falls within.
12 Delete as applicable - each Accordion Increase Lender is required to confirm which of these three categories it falls within.
13 Insert jurisdiction of tax residence.
14 Include if Accordion Increase Lender holds a passport under the DTTP Scheme and wishes that scheme to apply to the Agreement.
192 

which brings into account in computing its chargeable profits (within the meaning of section 19 of the CTA) the whole of any share of interest payable in respect of that advance that falls to it by reason of Part 17 of the CTA; or

 

(iii) a company not so resident in the United Kingdom which carries on a trade in the United Kingdom through a permanent establishment and which brings into account interest payable in respect of that advance in computing the chargeable profits (within the meaning of section 19 of the CTA) of that company.]15

 

13. This Accordion Increase Confirmation may be executed in any number of counterparts and this has the same effect as if the signatures on the counterparts were on a single copy of this Accordion Increase Confirmation.

 

14. This Accordion Increase Confirmation and any non contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with this Accordion Increase Confirmation are governed by English law.

 

15. This Accordion Increase Confirmation has been entered into on the date stated at the beginning of this Accordion Increase Confirmation.

 

THE SCHEDULE

 

Relevant Commitment(s)/rights and obligations to be assumed by the Accordion Increase Lender

 

[insert relevant details]

 

[Facility office address, fax number and attention details for notices and account details for payments]

 

[Accordion Increase Lender]

By:

 

This Accordion Increase Confirmation is accepted as an Accordion Increase Confirmation for the purposes of the Agreement by the Agent and the Accordion Increase Date is confirmed as [●].

 

[Agent]

 

By:

 

 

15 Include only if the Accordion Increase Lender is a UK Non Bank Lender within paragraph (ii) of the definition of UK Domestic Lender in Clause 13.1 (Definitions).
193 

 

SCHEDULE 13

OTHER BENCHMARKS

 

PART I

CDOR – CANADIAN DEALER OFFERED RATE

       
CDOR Currency: Canadian Dollars.
       
Definitions      
       
Business Day: Any day on which banks are open for general business in Toronto.
       
Business Day Conventions (definition of “Month” and Clause 10.2 (Non- Business Days)): No rules specified.
       
Fallback Interest Period: One week.
       
Quotation Day: Three Business Days before the first day of that period.
       
Reference Bank Rate: The arithmetic mean of the rates (rounded upwards to four decimal places) as supplied to the Agent at its request by the Reference Banks:
       
  (a) (other than where paragraph (b) below applies) as the relevant Reference Bank’s bid rate for the purchase of Canadian Dollar denominated Canadian bankers’ acceptances with a term to maturity equal in length to the relevant period (disregarding any inconsistency arising from the last day of that period being determined pursuant to the terms of this Agreement); or
       
  (b) if different, as the rate (if any and applied to the relevant Reference Bank and the relevant period (disregarding

194 

       
    any inconsistency arising from the last day of that period being determined pursuant to the terms of this Agreement)) which contributors to the relevant Screen Rate are asked to submit to the relevant administrator.
       
Relevant Market: The market for Canadian bankers’ acceptances.
       
Screen Rate: The average bid rate for Canadian bankers’ acceptances (with a period to maturity equal in length to the relevant period (disregarding any inconsistency arising from the last day of that period being determined pursuant to the terms of this Agreement)) displayed (before any correction, recalculation or republication) on page CDOR of the Thomson Reuters screen (or any replacement Thomson Reuters page which displays that rate).  If such page or service ceases to be available, the Agent may specify another page or service displaying the relevant rate after consultation with the Company.
       
Rate fixing timings      
       
Time at which Benchmark Rate is fixed (Schedule 9 (Timetables)): In respect of the Screen Rate, Quotation Day 10:00 a.m. (Toronto time).
       
Time at which Reference Bank Rate falls to be calculated by reference to
available quotations (Schedule 9 (Timetables)):
Quotation Day 11:00 a.m. (Toronto time).
       
Deadline for quotations to establish a Reference Bank Rate (paragraph (b) of Clause 11.2 (Calculation of Reference Bank Rate)): Quotation Day 11:00 a.m. (Toronto time).

 

195 

 

       
Deadline for Lenders to report market disruption (Clause 11.3 (Market disruption)): Close of business in London on the date falling one Business Day after the Quotation Day for the relevant Interest Period.

 

196 

PART II

BBSY (BID) – AUSTRALIAN BANK BILL SWAP REFERENCE RATE (BID)

       
BBSY (Bid) Currency: Australian Dollars.
       
Definitions      
       
Business Day: Any day on which banks are open for general business in Sydney.
       
Business Day Conventions (definition of “Month” and Clause 10.2 (Non- Business Days)): (a) If any period is expressed to accrue by reference to a Month or any number of Months then, in respect of the last Month of that period:
       
    (i) if the numerically corresponding day is not a Business Day, that period shall end on the next Business Day in that calendar month in which that period is to end if there is one, or if there is not, on the immediately preceding Business Day; and
       
    (ii) if there is no numerically corresponding day in the calendar month in which that period is to end, that period shall end on the last Business Day in that calendar month.
       
  (b) If an Interest Period would otherwise end on a day which is not a Business Day, that Interest Period will instead end on the next Business Day in that calendar month (if there is one) or the preceding Business Day (if there is not).
       
  (c) If the Agent agrees, a Borrower may select an Interest Period which ends on a day other than the last day of a Month

 

197 

 

       
    (but no more than 5 days before or after the last day of the relevant Month), where necessary to ensure that the Interest Period is in the same half- month maturity pool used by market convention for determining rates that would have applied had the selection of either or both of the maturity pool or the selection of the Interest Period not followed a modified following business day convention.
       
Fallback Interest Period: One Month.
       
Quotation Day: Three Business Days before the first day of that period.
       
Reference Bank Rate: The sum of:
       
  (a)    
       
    (i) the arithmetic mean of the rates (rounded upwards to four decimal places) as supplied to the Agent at its request by the Reference Banks as the mid discount rate (expressed as a yield percent to maturity) observed by the relevant Reference Bank for marketable parcels of Australian Dollar denominated bank accepted bills and negotiable certificates of deposit issued or accepted by Prime Banks (as defined below) and which mature on the last day of the relevant period; or
       
    (ii) (if there is no observable market rate for marketable parcels of

 

198 

 

       
      Prime Bank Australian dollar securities referred to in paragraph (i) above), the arithmetic mean of the rates (rounded upwards to four decimal places) as supplied to the Agent at its request by the Reference Banks as the rate at which the relevant Reference Bank could borrow funds in Australian dollars in the Australian interbank market for the relevant period were it to do so by asking for and then accepting interbank offers for deposits in reasonable market sizes and for that period; and
       
  (b) 0.05 per cent. per annum.
       
  For the purpose of this Part of this Schedule 12, “Prime Bank” means a bank determined by ASX Benchmarks Pty Limited (or any other person which takes over the administration of the Screen Rate for Australian Dollars) as being a Prime Bank or an acceptable acceptor or issuer of bills of exchange or negotiable certificates of deposit for the purposes of calculating that Screen Rate. If ASX Benchmarks Pty Limited, or such other person ceases to make such determinations, the Prime Banks shall be the Prime Banks last so determined.
       
Relevant Market: The Australian interbank market for bank accepted bills and negotiable certificates of deposit.
       
Screen Rate: (a) The Australian bank bill swap reference

 

199 

 

       
    rate (Bid) administered by ASX Benchmarks Pty Limited (or any other person which takes over the administration of that rate) for the relevant period displayed (before any correction, recalculation or republication by the administrator) on page BBSY of the Thomson Reuters screen (or any replacement Thomson Reuters page which displays that rate) or on the appropriate page of such other information service which publishes that rate from time to time in place of Thomson Reuters.  If such page or service ceases to be available, the Agent may specify another page or service displaying the relevant rate after consultation with the Company.
       
  (b) If the rate described in paragraph (a) above is not available, the sum of:
       
       
    (i) the Australian bank bill swap reference rate administered by ASX Benchmarks Pty Limited (or any other person which takes over the administration of that rate) for the relevant period displayed (before any correction, recalculation or republication by the administrator) on page BBSW of the Thomson Reuters screen (or any replacement Thomson Reuters page which displays that rate) or on the appropriate page of such other information

 

200 

 

       
      service which publishes that rate from time to time in place of Thomson Reuters. If such page or service ceases to be available, the Agent may specify another page or service displaying the relevant rate after consultation with the Company; and
       
    (ii) 0.05 per cent. per annum.
       
Rate fixing timings      
       
Time at which Benchmark Rate is fixed (Schedule 9 (Timetables)): Quotation Day as at or about 10:10 a.m. (Sydney time) but no later than 10:30 a.m. (Sydney time).
       
Time at which Reference Bank Rate falls to be calculated by reference to
available quotations (Schedule 9 (Timetables)):
Quotation Day 10:00 a.m.
       
Deadline for quotations to establish a Reference Bank Rate (paragraph (b) of Clause 11.2 (Calculation of Reference Bank Rate)): Quotation Day 12:00 pm
       
Deadline for Lenders to report market disruption (Clause 11.3 (Market disruption)): Close of business in London on the Quotation Day for the relevant Interest Period.

 

201 

 

PART III CIBOR –

COPENHAGEN INTERBANK OFFERED RATE

       
CIBOR Currency: Danish Krone.
       
Definitions      
       
Business Day: Any day on which banks are open for general business in Copenhagen.
       
Business Day Conventions (definition of “Month” and Clause 10.2 (Non- Business Days)): (a) If any period is expressed to accrue by reference to a Month or any number of Months then, in respect of the last Month of that period:
       
    (i) if the numerically corresponding day is not a Business Day, that period shall end on the next Business Day in that calendar month in which that period is to end if there is one, or if there is not, on the immediately preceding Business Day; and
       
    (ii) if there is no numerically corresponding day in the calendar month in which that period is to end, that period shall end on the last Business Day in that calendar month.
       
  (b) If an Interest Period would otherwise end on a day which is not a Business Day, that Interest Period will instead end on the next Business Day in that calendar month (if there is one) or the preceding Business Day (if there is not).
       
Fallback Interest Period: One week.

 

202 

 

       
Quotation Day: Two Business Days before the first day of that period (unless market practice differs in the Relevant Market, in which case the Quotation Day will be determined by the Agent in accordance with market practice in the Relevant Market (and if quotations would normally be given on more than one day, the Quotation Day will be the last of those days)).
       
Reference Bank Rate: The arithmetic mean of the rates (rounded upwards to four decimal places) as supplied to the Agent at its request by the Reference Banks:
       
  (a) (other than where paragraph (b) below applies) as the rate at which the relevant Reference Bank is willing to lend amounts in Danish Krone to a prime bank for the relevant period on an unsecured basis; or
       
  (b) if different, as the rate (if any and applied to the relevant Reference Bank and the relevant period) which contributors to the applicable Screen Rate are asked to submit to the relevant administrator.
       
Relevant Market: The Danish interbank market.
       
Screen Rate: The Copenhagen interbank offered rate administered by the Danish Bankers’ Association (or any other person which takes over the administration of that rate) for the relevant period displayed (before any correction, recalculation or republication by the administrator) on page CIBOR= of the Thomson Reuters screen

 

203 

 

       
  (or any replacement Thomson Reuters page which displays that rate). If such page or service ceases to be available, the Agent may specify another page or service, displaying the relevant rate after consultation with the Company.
       
Rate fixing timings      
       
Time at which Benchmark Rate is fixed (Schedule 9 (Timetables)): In respect of the Screen Rate, Quotation Day 10:30 a.m. (Copenhagen time).
       
Time at which Reference Bank Rate falls to be calculated by reference to
available quotations (Schedule 9 (Timetables)):
Noon on the Quotation Day.
       
Deadline for quotations to establish a Reference Bank Rate (paragraph (b) of Clause 11.2 (Calculation of Reference Bank Rate)): Noon on the Quotation Day.
       
Deadline for Lenders to report market disruption (Clause 11.3 (Market disruption)): Close of business in London on the Quotation Day for the relevant Interest Period.

 

204 

 

SIGNATURES

 

[Not restated]


Signature pages to the Facility Agreement

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

The Company

 

JUST EAT LIMITED

     
By: /s/ [***]
  [***]
 

 

Address: [***]
   
Fax: [***]
   
Email: [***]
   
Attention: [***]

 

The Borrowers

 

JUST EAT LIMITED

     
By: /s/ [***]
  [***]
 

 

JUST EAT HOLDING LIMITED

     
By: /s/ [***]
  [***]
 

 

[Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement]

 

 

 

The Continuing Guarantors

 

JUST EAT LIMITED

     
By: /s/ [***]
  [***]
 

 

 

Executed by EAT NOW SERVICES PTY LTD

(ABN 59 138 659 588) in accordance with

section 127 of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth):

 

 

Signature of director Signature of company secretary/director
   
Full name of director Full name of company secretary/director

 

JUST EAT.CO.UK LIMITED

     
By: /s/ [***]
  [***]
 

 

JUST EAT.DK APS

     
By: /s/ [***]
  [***]
 

 

[Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement]

 

 

 

The Continuing Guarantors 

 

JUST EAT LIMITED

 

By:

 

 

Executed by EAT NOW SERVICES PTY LTD

(ABN 59 138 659 588) in accordance with

section 127 of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth):

 

 

/s/ [***] /s/ [***]
Signature of director Signature of company director
   
[***] [***]
Full name of director Full name of company director

 

JUST EAT.CO.UK LIMITED

 

By:

 

JUST EAT.DK APS

 

By:

 

[Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement]

 

 

JUST EAT DENMARK HOLDING APS

     
By: /s/ [***]
  [***]
 

 

JUST EAT HOLDING LIMITED

     
By: /s/ [***]
  [***]
 

 

JUST EAT HOST A/S 

     
By: /s/ [***]
  [***]
 

 

JUST-EAT IRELAND LIMITED

     
By: /s/ [***]
  [***]
 

 

JUST-EAT.LU S.A R.L 

     
By: /s/ [***]
  [***]
 

Title: Manager and/or authorised signatory

 

[Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement)

 

 

 

JUST-EAT SPAIN S.L.U.

 

By: /s/ [***]  
  [***]  

 

 

Executed by MENULOG GROUP LTD (ACN

603 840 820) in accordance with section 127 of

the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth):

 

 

Signature of director Signature of company secretary/director
   
Full name of director Full name of company secretary/director

 

 

Executed by MENULOG PTY LTD (ABN 76

120 943 615) in accordance with section 127 of

the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth):

 

 

Signature of director Signature of company secretary/director
   
Full name of director Full name of company secretary/director

 

[Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement]

 

 

 

JUST-EAT SPAIN S.L.U.

 

By:

 

 

Executed by MENULOG GROUP LTD (ACN

603 840 820) in accordance with section 127 of

the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth):

 

 

/s/ [***] /s/ [***]
Signature of director Signature of company director
   
[***] [***]
Full name of director Full name of company director

 

 

Executed by MENULOG PTY LTD (ABN 76

120 943 615) in accordance with section 127 of

the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth):

 

 

/s/ [***] /s/ [***]
Signature of director Signature of company director
   
[***] [***]
Full name of director Full name of company director

 

[Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement]

 

 

 

SKIPTHEDISHES RESTAURANT SERVICES INC

     
By: /s/ [***]
  [***]
 

 

(Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement)

 

 

 

The Existing Lenders

 

ABN AMRO BANK N.V.

 

By: /s/ [***]
 
[***]
Executive Director

     
By:
/s/ [***]
 

[***]
Director
 

 

[Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement]

 

 

 

BARCLAYS BANK PLC

 

By: /s/ [***]  
  [***]  

 

[Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement]

 

 

 

BNP PARIBAS, LONDON BRANCH

By: /s/ [***]
 
 
  
By:
/s/ [***]  

 

[Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement]

 

 

GOLDMAN SACHS BANK USA

 

By: /s/ [***]
  [***]
Authorised Signatory 
  

 

[Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement]

 

 

HSBC UK BANK PLC

 

By: /s/ [***]
  [***]  
  Associate Director

 

 [Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement]

 

 

 

ING BANK N.V.

 

By:  /s/ [***]
  [***]
  Director
     
By:
 /s/ [***]
 
  [***]
 
   Director  

 

 [Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement]

 

 

 

NATIONAL WESTMINSTER BANK PLC

 

By: /s/ [***]  

 

 [Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement]

 

 

RBC EUROPE LIMITED 

 

By: /s/ [***]
  [***]
  Director

 

 [Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement]

 

 

The New Lenders

 

BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., LONDON BRANCH 

 

By: /s/ [***]
 
[***]
 
  Director  

 

 [Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement]

 

 

 

BANK OF CHINA LIMITED, LONDON BRANCH

 

By: /s/ [***]
 
[***]

 
Deputy General Manager

     
By:
/s/ [***] 
 
  [***]
 
  Head of Corporate Banking
 

 

[Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement]

 

COÖPERATIEVE RABOBANK U.A.

 

By: /s/ [***]  
 
[***]
 
 
Director
 
  Proxy B  
     
By:
/s/ [***] 
 
  [***]
 
  Executive Director
 
  Proxy AB
 

  

[Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement]

 



 

RAIFFEISEN BANK INTERNATIONAL AG

 

By: /s/ [***]

[***]
     
By:
/s/ [***]
 
  [***]
 

 

[Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement]

 



 

The Existing Arrangers

 

BARCLAYS BANK PLC

 

By: /s/ [***]  
  [***]  

 

[Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement]

 



 

BNP PARIBAS

  

By: /s/ [***]
     
By:
/s/ [***]
 

 

[Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement]

 



 

GOLDMAN SACHS BANK USA

 

By: /s/ [***]
  [***]

  Authorised Signatory
 

 

[Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement]

 



  

HSBC UK BANK PLC

 

By:
/s/ [***] 
 

[***]
 

Associate Director

 

[Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement]

 



 

NATIONAL WESTMINSTER BANK PLC

 

By: /s/ [***]   

 

[Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement]

 



 

ROYAL BANK OF CANADA

 

By: /s/ [***]  
 

[***]

Director

 

 

[Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement]

 



 

The New Arrangers

 

ABN AMRO BANK N.V.

 

By: /s/ [***]
  [***]
  Executive Director

     
By:
/s/ [***] 
 
  [***]
 
  Director
 

 

[Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement]

 



 

BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL DESIGNATED ACTIVITY COMPANY

 

By: /s/ [***]  
  [***]
 
  Director
 

 

[Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement]



 

BANK OF CHINA LIMITED, LONDON BRANCH

 

By: /s/ [***]
  [***]
  Deputy General Manager
     
By:
/s/ [***] 
 
  [***]
 
  Head of Corporate Banking
 

 

[Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement]

 

 

 

COÖPERATIVE RABOBANK U.A.

 

By: /s/ [***]     

  [***]
  Director        
 
  Proxy B
 
     
By:
/s/ [***]
 
  [***]
 
  Executive Director
 
  Proxy AB  
     

 

[Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement]

 

 

 

ING BANK N.V.

 

By:  /s/ [***]
  [***]
  Director
     
By:
/s/ [***] 
 
  [***]
 
  Director
 

 

 [Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement]


 

 

 

RAIFFEISEN BANK INTERNATIONAL AG

 

By: /s/ [***]
  [***]
     
By:
/s/ [***]
 
  [***]
 

 

[Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement]

 

 

 

The Agent

 

HSBC BANK PLC

 

By: /s/ [***]

  [***]
 
  Authorised Signatory
 
     
     
 

Address: [***]

 

Fax: [***]

 

Email: Borrower operational requests only - [***]

   All other enquiries - [***]

Attention: Issuer Services - Loan Agency

 

[Signature Page - Amendment and Restatement Agreement]



 


Pursuant to Item 601(b)(10)(iv) of Regulation S-K, certain identified information marked with [***] has been excluded from this
exhibit because it is both (i) not material and (ii) the registrant customarily and actually treats such information as private or confidential.

Exhibit 10.3

ACCESSION LETTER

To: HSBC Bank plc as Agent From:


1.
Takeaway.com Group B.V., a private company with limited liability (besloten vennootschap), having its corporate seat (statutaire zetel) in Amsterdam, The Netherlands and registered with the Commercial Registry (Handelsregister) under number 64441725(the "Acceding Borrower");


2.
Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., a public company with limited liability (naamloze vennootschap), having its corporate seat (statutaire zetel) in Amsterdam, The Netherlands and registered with the Commercial Registry (Handelsregister) under number 08142836;


3.
Takeaway.com European Operations B.V., a private company with limited liability (besloten vennootschap), having its corporate seat (statutaire zetel) in Amsterdam, The Netherlands and registered with the Commercial Registry (Handelsregister) under number 69769753; and


4.
YD.Yourdelivery GmbH (together with the parties listed under 1 up to and including 3 above, the "Acceding Guarantors"); and

5.          Just Eat Limited (the "Company") Dated: 23 October 2020

Just Eat Limited - £267,500,000 and €307,625,000 Facilities Agreement dated 2 November 2017 (as amended and/or restated from time to time) (the "Agreement")


1.
We refer to the Agreement. This is an Accession Letter. Terms defined in the Agreement have the same meaning in this Accession Letter unless given a different meaning in this Accession Letter.


2.
The Acceding Borrower agrees to become an Additional Borrower and to be bound by the terms of the Agreement as an Additional Borrower pursuant to Clause 25.2 (Additional Borrowers) of the Agreement. The Acceding Borrower is a company duly incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands.


3.
Each Acceding Guarantor agrees to become an Additional Guarantor and to be bound by the terms of the Agreement as an Additional Guarantor pursuant to Clause

25.4 (Additional Guarantors) of the Agreement. Each of Takeaway.com Group B.V., Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. and Takeaway.com European Operations B.V. is a company duly incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands. YD.Yourdelivery GmbH is a company duly incorporated under the laws of Germany.


4.
Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. also agrees to become the Parent and to be bound by the terms of the Agreement as the Parent pursuant to Clause 25.7 (Takeaway Accessions) of the Agreement.




5.
The Company confirms that no Default is continuing or would occur as a result of the Acceding Borrower becoming an Additional Borrower.


6.
Each Acceding Guarantor’s administrative details are as follows:


Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., Takeaway.com European Operations B.V., Takeaway.com Group B.V.
 
Address:
[***]
   
Attention:
[***]  
     
YD.Yourdelivery GmbH
 
     
Address:
[***]

     
Attention:
[***]
 


7.
This Accession Letter and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with it are governed by English law.

This Accession Letter is entered into by deed.


For and on behalf of

Just Eat Limited

By:
/s/ [***]
 

In the presence of:

Witness signature: /s/ [***]

Name:
[***]
Address:
[***]
Occupation:
Marketing Consultant

[SIGNATURE PAGE – JUST EAT RCF – ACCESSION DEED]

For and on behalf of

Takeaway.com Group B.V.

By:
/s/ [***]
 

 [***]  
Title:
Authorised representative
 

[SIGNATURE PAGE – JUST EAT RCF – ACCESSION DEED]

For and on behalf of

Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V.

By:
/s/ [***]
 

 [***]  
Title:
Managing director
 

[SIGNATURE PAGE – JUST EAT RCF – ACCESSION DEED]

For and on behalf of

Takeaway.com European Operations B.V.

By:
/s/ [***]  

[***]  
Title: Authorised representative  


[SIGNATURE PAGE – JUST EAT RCF – ACCESSION DEED]

For and on behalf of

YD: Yourdelivery GmbH

By:
/s/ [***]  

[***]  

Managing Director  

[SIGNATURE PAGE – JUST EAT RCF – ACCESSION DEED]

Acknowledged and agreed by

HSBC Bank plc as Agent

Digitally signed
 
By:
/s/ [***]  

[***]  
Date:
[***]  

[SIGNATURE PAGE – JUST EAT RCF – ACCESSION DEED]

 

Exhibit 10.4


Pursuant to Item 601(b)(10)(iv) of Regulation S-K, certain identified information marked with [***] has been excluded from this
exhibit because it is both (i) not material and (ii) the registrant customarily and actually treats such information as private or confidential.

 

Relationship Agreement

 

between

 

Takeaway.com N.V.

 

and

 

Delivery Hero SE

 


 

 

Contents  
       
Clause Page
       
1 DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATION 4
2 STANDSTILL 4
  2.1 Standstill undertaking 4
  2.2 Sell down 5
  2.3 Superior Offer in the event of a Recommended Third-Party Offer 5
  2.4 Superior Offer in the event of an Unsolicited Offer 6
3 AFTER THE STANDSTILL PERIOD 7
4 GOVERNANCE 7
  4.1 Voting rights 7
  4.2 Binding Nomination Right 8
5 ANNOUNCEMENT 9
6 TERMINATION 9
7 APPLICABILITY OF TRANSACTION AGREEMENT PROVISIONS 10

 

Schedules

 

Schedule 1 Definitions and interpretation
   
Schedule 2 Form of confidentiality

 


 

 

RELATIONSHIP AGREEMENT

 

THIS AGREEMENT IS DATED 20 December 2018 AND MADE BETWEEN:

 

(1) Delivery Hero SE, a Societas Europaea, organized under European and German law, with corporate seat in Berlin, Germany and Commercial Register number HRB 198015 B (“DH”);

 

and

 

(2) Takeaway.com N.V., a limited liability company with corporate seat in Amsterdam, the Netherlands and trade register number 08142836 (“TA”, and together with DH the Parties”).

 

BACKGROUND:

 

(A) The Parties entered into a transaction agreement related to the sale and purchase of Delivery Hero Germany GmbH and Foodora GmbH to Takeaway.com Group B.V. dated 20 December 2018 (the Transaction Agreement”).

 

(B) Pursuant to the Transaction Agreement, DH will obtain the Consideration Shares, as a result of which DH will become a shareholder of TA.

 

(C) The Parties wish to set out the terms and conditions governing the relationship between DH in its capacity as a shareholder of TA and TA in this relationship agreement (the Relationship Agreement”).

 

THE PARTIES AGREE AS FOLLOWS:

 

1 DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATION

 


Capitalised terms, including those used in the introduction and preamble of this Relationship Agreement, have the meaning ascribed thereto in the Transaction Agreement, unless otherwise defined in Schedule 1 (Definitions and interpretation).


2 STANDSTILL

 

2.1 Standstill undertaking

 

2.1.1 Without detracting from DH’s obligations under applicable Law, for a period of four (4) years following the Completion Date (the Standstill Period”), DH shall not, and shall procure that no member of DH’s Group shall, directly or indirectly,

 


 


either alone or in concert with any other Person in any way effect or cause to effect any transaction in any TA Financial Instrument, except:

 

(a) to the extent required to prevent dilution below the DH Transaction Diluted Shareholding Percentage;

 

(b) if, subject to Clauses 2.3 and 2.4, (i) DH has received a Superior Offer Notice and (ii) subsequently, the relevant Superior Offer has been publicly announced in accordance with article 5 of the Decree) (the Superior Offer Standstill Release Event”), DH may (a) make such Superior Offer and (b), only if and to the extent TA has allowed the relevant offeror to acquire TA Shares in excess of the DH Transaction Diluted Shareholding Percentage, acquire TA Shares in order to increase its stake in TA up to the number of TA Shares actually acquired by such offeror;

 

(c) to sell, transfer, assign, deliver, grant any option over and otherwise dispose of any TA Financial Instrument (“Permitted Transfer”), and to grant any Encumbrance on any TA Financial Instrument (Permitted Encumbrance”), it being understood that DH may not effect, or agree to effect, any Permitted Transfer or any Permitted Encumbrance for the benefit of any Restricted Party.

 

2.1.2 During the Standstill Period, DH and its Affiliates shall not undertake any act directed at obtaining any Control over or any additional voting rights in TA as well as advising or influencing, or seeking to advise or influence, any third party with respect to any acquisition of or voting on any TA Financial Instrument.

 

2.2 Sell down

 

In case of a Permitted Transfer or a Permitted Encumbrance or after expiry of the Standstill Period, DH may only initiate and effect a sale, transfer or other disposal of TA Financial Instruments in compliance with Law and in an orderly market manner, meaning, amongst other that DH shall not effect such sale, transfer or other disposal before the earlier of (i) the moment on which the final Cash Component Issuance has taken place and (ii) 1 July 2019, in each case provided that DH may effect a sale, transfer or other disposal of TA Financial Instruments to investors that would not customarily participate in an accelerated book build or similar capital markets transaction.

 

2.3 Superior Offer in the event of a Recommended Third-Party Offer

 

2.3.1 If TA publicly announces within the meaning of article 5 paragraph 1 of the Decree that it has reached agreement with a third party on such third party making a Recommended Third-Party Offer, the following shall apply:

 


 

 

(a) If DH intends to make a Superior Offer, it shall notify the Supervisory Board of such intention in writing within [***] Business Days of such announcement (“Recommended Third-Party Offer Notice”).

 

(b) Subject to DH having timely sent a Recommended Third-Party Offer Notice in accordance with Clause 2.3.1(a), DH may, within [***] Business Days after the date of the Recommended Third-Party Offer Notice, submit to the Supervisory Board a written proposal to make a public offer for all TA Shares, which proposal must contain the proposed consideration, the conditions to (making) the offer and any other significant terms and conditions (the Potential Superior Offer Proposal”), in order to allow the Supervisory Board to determine whether the Potential Superior Offer Proposal could reasonably expected to become a Superior Offer.

 

(c) Within [***] Business Days after the date of the Potential Superior Offer Proposal, the Supervisory Board shall inform DH in writing whether or not it determined, in its sole discretion, acting in good faith and in compliance with its fiduciary duties, and after having consulted its financial and legal advisors, that the Potential Superior Offer Proposal is reasonably expected to become a Superior Offer, in which case the Supervisory Board shall inform DH in writing that it may make a Superior Offer (the Superior Offer Notice”), provided that the Superior Offer shall not deviate in any material respect from the Potential Superior Offer Proposal.

 

(d) If DH decides to announce the Superior Offer in accordance with article 5 paragraph 2 of the Decree, it shall do so as soon as reasonably possible after the date of the Superior Offer Notice, but in any event within 10 (ten) Business Days thereafter. If DH fails to announce the Superior Offer within such period of time, DH’s right to make a Superior Offer lapses.

 

2.3.2 Clause 2.3 will apply mutatis mutandis to any revised Recommended Third-Party Offer.

 

2.4 Superior Offer in the event of an Unsolicited Offer

 

In the event of an announcement of an Unsolicited Offer within the meaning of article 5 paragraph 2 of the Decree, the following shall apply:

 

(a) DH and TA shall discuss in good faith the consequences of such Unsolicited Offer.

 


 

 

(b) If, on the basis of such discussion, the Supervisory Board decides, in its sole discretion, acting in good faith and in compliance with its fiduciary duties, it will allow DH to submit a Potential Superior Offer Proposal to the Supervisory Board, it will notify DH thereof in writing (the Unsolicited Offer Notice”) within [***] calendar days after the date of such discussion.

 

(c) If DH receives an Unsolicited Offer Notice, Clause 2.3.1 of this Relationship Agreement, mutatis mutandis, shall apply.

 

3 AFTER THE STANDSTILL PERIOD

 

3.1.1 After the Standstill Period, DH acknowledges and agrees that it may only make a public offer for TA Shares if such offer at least contains as a condition precedent to declaring such offer unconditional (gestand doen), which condition may only be waived by DH with the prior written approval of the Supervisory Board, that the aggregate number of the Held, Committed and Tendered TA Shares at the last date of the acceptance period of such public offer (as referred to in article 14 of the Decree) represents at least 67% (sixty seven per cent) of TA Shares.

 

3.1.2 After the Standstill Period, DH shall not, and shall procure that its Affiliates shall not, directly or indirectly, either alone or in concert with any other Person in any way trigger any applicable obligation to make a mandatory offer pursuant to article 5:70 of the Dutch Financial Supervision Act (Wet op het financieel toezicht).

 

4 GOVERNANCE

 

4.1 Voting rights

 

4.1.1 DH, in its capacity as shareholder of TA, may attend or be represented at general meetings of TA and vote on all items on the agenda of such general meetings, provided that DH may only vote on TA Shares up to the number of DH Voting Shares in respect of:

 

(a) any proposal relating to mergers, acquisitions, divestments or sales or purchases of any assets (irrespective of value and transaction structure), including the financing thereof;

 

(b) any proposal pursuant to article 2:107a BW; and

 

(c) any issue of TA Financial Instruments (or any exclusion or amendment of any pre-emptive rights in relation thereto) by TA or its Affiliates if

 


 



such issue (i) relates to an item under Clause 4.1.1(a), or (ii) is required by the financial position of TA.

 

4.1.2 Notwithstanding Clause 4.1.1, DH shall:

 

(a) abstain from voting on any item referred to under Clause 4.1.1(a) through 4.1.1(c) in case of any conflict of interest on such matters with TA; and

 

(b) vote in favour, whether in person or by proxy, of any Cash Component Issuances (or any exclusion or amendment of any pre-emptive rights in relation thereto).

 

4.1.3 The provisions of Clause 4.1.1 and 4.1.2(a) shall cease to be effective:

 

(a) three (3) years after expiration of the Standstill Period (the Standstill Period and such three years thereafter, the Restricted Voting Period); or

 

(b) during the Restricted Voting Period in the event of a Superior Offer Standstill Release Event or after a public offer made in accordance with Clause 3.1.1 has been declared unconditional.

 

4.2 Binding Nomination Right

 

4.2.1 As per Completion and subject to clause 4.2.3, DH shall have the right to designate one individual for nomination by the Supervisory Board as Supervisory Board member and to designate replacements for such Supervisory Board member, provided that such individual is Independent (the DH Nominee”).

 

4.2.2 If and when DH designates an individual in accordance with Clause 4.2.1, TA shall procure that the Supervisory Board shall make a binding nomination, in accordance with TA’s articles of association, of the DH Nominee for appointment as a member of the Supervisory Board in the first meeting of the general meeting that is convened after receiving DH’s nomination. The appointment of the DH Nominee shall be subject to DH having obtained the DNO.

 

4.2.3 TA shall procure that the Supervisory Board will include in its nomination the name of the person designated by DH in accordance with this Agreement.

 

4.2.4 TA shall procure that each member of the Supervisory Board, either on Completion, or (if later) upon appointment, undertakes in writing that it will observe and perform all the provisions and obligations of this Agreement applicable to or binding on the Supervisory Board, under this Agreement,

 


 


including but not limited to the obligation to nominate any person designated pursuant to this Clause 4.2 for appointment to the Supervisory Board.

 

4.2.5 If the Supervisory Board installs an audit committee in accordance with clause 8.2 of the charter for the Supervisory Board, the DH Nominee shall be a member of such committee of the Supervisory Board. The Supervisory Board shall not install a strategy committee.

 

4.2.6 If DH holds less than 9.99% (nine and ninety-nine hundredths per cent) of the TA Shares:

 

(a) DH shall promptly notify TA thereof in writing;

 

(b) DH’s right to propose a DH Nominee ceases to be effective with immediate effect; and

 

(c) unless the Supervisory Board unanimously decides otherwise, the Parties shall procure that the DH Nominee shall resign from its position as member of the Supervisory Board effective as of the first general meeting of TA that is convened after DH’s shareholding drops below 9.99% of the TA Shares.

 

4.2.7 Clause 4.2.6 shall not apply to the extent DH’s shareholding drops below 9.99% of the TA Shares if, taken together with the Remaining Consideration Shares, such shareholding is equal to or exceeds 9.99% of:

 

(a) the total outstanding TA Shares at the relevant time; plus

 

(b) the number of Remaining Consideration Shares.

 

4.2.8 Without detracting from the obligations of the DH Nominee under applicable securities Laws, the Parties shall procure that the DH Nominee shall conclude, as soon as reasonably possible after the nomination by DH, a confidentiality agreement with TA substantially in the form as set out in Schedule 2 (Non-disclosure agreement).

 

5 ANNOUNCEMENT

 

The key terms of this Relationship Agreement will be published at Signing.

 

6 TERMINATION

 

6.1.1 This Agreement will terminate with immediate effect on the later of:

 

(a) the date following seven (7) years after the Completion Date; and

 


 

 

(b) the date on which DH does no longer hold any TA Shares.

 

6.1.2 If DH no longer holds any TA Shares, DH shall promptly notify TA thereof in writing.

 

6.1.3 Clauses 6.1.2 and 7 will survive any termination of this Agreement.

 

7 APPLICABILITY OF TRANSACTION AGREEMENT PROVISIONS

 

Clauses 21.3 through 21.9, 21.12.1, 21.14, and 22 of the Transaction Agreement shall apply mutatis mutandis to this Relationship Agreement.

 


 

 

Schedule 1

Definitions and interpretation

 

1 Definitions

 

Control means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through ownership of voting interests, by contract or otherwise;

 

Decree means the Dutch Decree on Public Takeover Bids (Besluit openbare biedingen Wft);

 

DH has the meaning set out in the preamble of this Relationship Agreement;

 

DH’s Group means the Seller’s Group;

 

DH Initial Shares means 9,500,000 TA Shares;

 

DH Nominee” has the meaning set out in Clause 4.2.1;

 

DH Transaction Diluted Shareholding Percentage means a percentage equal to the DH Initial Shares divided by the Relevant TA Shares. For the avoidance of doubt, (i) DH shall not participate in any issuances of TA Shares needed to (re)finance the Completion Amount prior to or after Completion, except if and to the extent TA (re)finances the Completion Amount (prior to or after Completion) with an equity raise that exceeds the Completion Amount, in which case DH shall be entitled to pro-rata participate for such excess portion of the equity raise and (ii) any Pre-DNO Rights Issue Adjustment Shares will be disregarded in their entirety when calculating the DH Transaction Diluted Shareholding Percentage;

 

DH Voting Shares means the lower of (i) the total number of TA Shares issued at the relevant time, multiplied with the DH Transaction Diluted Shareholding Percentage, and (ii) the number of TA Shares held by DH at the relevant time;

 

Financial instrument means any financial instrument or related derivative security including without limitation any financial instrument (financieel instrument) as defined in section 1:1 Dutch Financial Supervision Act (Wet op het financieel toezicht);

 

Independent means a natural Person who, in relation to DH, is independent within the meaning of (i) paragraph 2.1.8 i-vi of the Dutch Corporate Governance Code 2016 (as amended from time to time) and (ii) the Supervisory Board profile of TA as published on the website of TA;

 



 

 

Parties means TA and DH, and Party means any one of them or the relevant one of them, as the context requires;

 

Permitted Encumbrance has the meaning set out in Clause 2.1.1(c);

 

Permitted Transfer has the meaning set out in Clause 2.1.1(c);

 

Potential Superior Offer Proposalhas the meaning set out in Clause 2.3.1(b);

 

Recommended Third-Party Offer means an original or a revised public offer for all, or substantially all, TA Shares by a bona fide third party which offer is recommended by the Managing Board and Supervisory Board, acting in good faith and in compliance with their fiduciary duties;

 

Recommended Third-Party Offer Noticehas the meaning set out in Clause 2.3.1(a);

 

Relationship Agreement means this relationship agreement including the Schedules;

 

Relevant TA Shares means the aggregate of (i) 43,213,216 and (ii) the number of TA Shares needed to raise or refinance (a) the Completion Amount and (b) the Transaction Costs;

 

Restricted Partymeans [***];


Restricted Voting Period has the meaning set out in Clause 4.1.3(a);

 

Standstill Period has the meaning set out in Clause 2.1.1;

 

Superior Offer means a bona fide public offer by DH for all TA Shares in the event of a Recommended Third-Party Offer or Unsolicited Offer, as the case may be, which the Supervisory Board has allowed DH to make in accordance with this Relationship Agreement;

 

Superior Offer Standstill Release Event has the meaning set out in Clause 2.1.1(b);

 



 

 

Superior Offer Notice has the meaning set out in Clause 2.3.1(c);

 

TA has the meaning set out in the preamble of this Relationship Agreement;

 

TA Financial Instrument means a Financial Instrument in TA;

 

TA Shares means ordinary shares in the capital of TA;

 

Transaction Costs means the aggregate amount of transaction costs in connection with the Transaction, including the financing thereof, being an amount of [***];

 

Held, Committed and Tendered TA Shares means the aggregate number of TA Shares (i) held by DH or any person or entity, directly or indirectly, solely or jointly, Controlling or Controlled by DH, plus (ii) unconditionally and irrevocably committed to DH or any of its Affiliates in writing, plus (iii) tendered under a public offer on all TA Shares by DH;

 

Transaction Agreementhas the meaning set out in recital (A);

 

Unsolicited Offer means a public offer for all, or substantially all, TA Shares other than a Recommended Third-Party Offer; and

 

Unsolicited Offer Notice has the meaning set out in Clause 2.4(b)

 

2 Applicability of Transaction Agreement provisions

 

Paragraphs 2 through 8 of Schedule 1 of the Transaction Agreement shall apply mutatis mutandis to this Relationship Agreement.

 



 

 

Schedule 2

Form of confidentiality

 

Confidentiality

 

As an SB Member you will receive, or may learn information on the Company. By signing this letter, you confirm that you shall not at any time publish or disclose to any third party (including, for the avoidance of doubt, Delivery Hero SE or any of its subsidiaries, undertakings, affiliates or representatives) or make any personal use of information or documentation relating to the Company, its subsidiaries, affiliates or its business or affairs. This obligation does not apply if you or the Company is required to (i) use or disclose the information by law, or (ii) disclose the information pursuant to a court decision.

 

This paragraph shall survive the termination of the agreement contained in this letter.

 




Exhibit 21.1

SUBSIDIARIES

Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V., a public company with limited liability (naamloze vennootschap) incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands, had the
 
international subsidiaries shown below as of 31 December 2020. Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. is not a subsidiary of any other entity.
 

 
Name of Subsidiary
 
Jurisdiction
10bis.co.il Ltd1
 
Israel
BG Menu EOOD2
 
Bulgaria
Biscuit Holdings Israel Ltd.1
 
Israel
Canary Delivery Company S.L.
 
Spain
Central do Delivery Ltda.5
 
Brazil
Checkers Merger Sub I, Inc.
 
United States of America
Checkers Merger Sub II, Inc
 
United States of America
City Pantry Ltd
 
United Kingdom
ComeYa S.A.S.5
 
Colombia
Delivery Santa Fe, SRL5
 
Argentina
Eat Now Services Pty Limited
 
Australia
Eat On Line SA3
 
France
Eat.ch GmbH
 
Switzerland
Eatcity Limited
 
Ireland
Ecomanda Serviços de Informática LTDA.5
 
Brazil
El Cocinero a Cuerda S.L.4
 
Spain
FBA Invest SAS3
 
France
Flyt Limited
 
United Kingdom
Flyt USA Inc
 
United States of America
Foodarena AG in Liquidation
 
Switzerland
Hekima Tecnologies de Gestão de Dados na Internet Ltda.5
 
Brazil
Hello Hungry EAD
 
Bulgaria
HelloHungry Delivery S.R.L.2
 
Romania
HelloHungry S.A.2
 
Romania
HH Delivery BG EOOD
 
Bulgaria
Hungryhouse GmbH
 
Germany
Hungryhouse Holdings Limited
 
United Kingdom
IF-JE Holdings B.V.5
 
The Netherlands
IF-JE Participacoes S.A.5
 
Brazil
iFood Beneficios e Serviços Ltda.5
 
Brazil
iFood Holdings B.V.5
 
The Netherlands
iFood.com Agencia de Restaurantes Online S.A.5
 
Brazil
Inversiones Just Eat S. de R.L. de C.V.4
 
Mexico
Just Eat (Acquisitions) Holding Limited
 
United Kingdom
Just Eat (Acquisitions) Pty Limited
 
Australia
Just Eat Brazil Serviços Online e Comércio Ltda.5
 
Brazil
Just Eat Central Holdings Limited
 
United Kingdom
Just Eat Denmark Holding ApS
 
Denmark
Just Eat Holding Limited
 
United Kingdom
Just Eat Host A/S
 
Denmark
Just Eat Intermediação de Negócios Ltda.5
 
Brazil
Just Eat Limited
 
United Kingdom
Just Eat Northern Holdings Limited
 
United Kingdom
Just Eat.co.uk Limited
 
United Kingdom
Just Eat.dk ApS
 
Denmark
Just Eat.no AS
 
Norway
Just-Eat Ireland Limited
 
Ireland
Just-Eat Italy S.r.l.
 
Italy
Just-Eat Spain S.L.
 
Spain
Just-Eat.lu SarL
 
Luxembourg
Loop Comércio de Refeições e Serviços Ltda.5
 
Brazil
M.I. Payments Holdings B.V.5
 
The Netherlands
Menulog Group Limited
 
Australia
Menulog Limited
 
New Zealand
Menulog Pty Limited
 
Australia
Movile Serviços em Tecnologia Ltda.5
 
Brazil


Mulp Informática S.A.5
 
Brazil
Online Ordering Ltd.
 
Israel
Operadora de Envio y Distribucion de Comida S.A. de C.V.4
 
Mexico
Pedidos Já – Divulgação e Tecnologia Ltda.5
 
Brazil
Practi Technologies Ltd6
 
United Kingdom
Rapiddo Agência de Serviços de Entrega Rápida S.A.5
 
Brazil
Scoober Tel Aviv Ltd1
 
Israel
Simbambili Ltd6
 
Israel
SinDelantal México S.A. de C.V.4
 
Mexico
Skipthedishes Restaurant Services Inc.
 
Canada
Sto2 sp. z.o.o.7
 
Poland
Supera Inovações Ltda.5
 
Brazil
Takeaway Express GmbH8
 
Germany
Takeaway Express Spain S.L.
 
Spain
Takeaway.com Belgium BVBA
 
Belgium
Takeaway.com Central Core B.V.
 
The Netherlands
Takeaway.com European Operations B.V.9
 
The Netherlands
Takeaway.com European Operations B.V. Austria branch10
 
Austria
Takeaway.com European Operations B.V. Belgium branch2
 
Belgium
Takeaway.com European Operations B.V. Portugal branch2
 
Portugal
Takeaway.com European Operations B.V. Switzerland branch11
 
Switzerland
Takeaway.com Express Denmark ApS
 
Denmark
Takeaway.com Express France SAS
 
France
Takeaway.com Express Italy S.r.l.
 
Italy
Takeaway.com Express Netherlands B.V.
 
The Netherlands
Takeaway.com Express Poland sp. z.o.o.
 
Poland
Takeaway.com Express UK Limited
 
United Kingdom
Takeaway.com Group B.V.
 
The Netherlands
Takeaway.com Payments B.V.
 
The Netherlands
yd.yourdelivery GmbH8
 
Germany
Zoop Tecnologia e Meios de Pagamento S.A.5
 
Brazil

 
 ______________________
1
10bis.co.il Ltd, Biscuit Holdings Israel Ltd. and Scoober Tel Aviv Ltd do business as 10bis.
2
BG Menu EOOD, HelloHungry Delivery S.r.l., HelloHungry S.A., Takeaway.com European Operations B.V. Belgium branch and Takeaway.com European Operations B.V. Portugal branch do business as Takeaway.com
3
Eat On Line SA and FBA Invest SAS do business as Just Eat. Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. indirectly holds 80% of the issued share capital of these entities.
4
Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. indirectly holds 67% of the issued share capital of the joint venture entities El Cocinero a Cuerda S.L., SinDelantal México S.A. de C.V., Inversiones Just Eat S. de R.L. de C.V. and Operadora de Envio y Distribucion de Comida S.A. de C.V..
5
Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. indirectly holds 33% of the issued share capital of all of these associated undertakings with the exception of M.I. Payments Holdings B.V. (7% indirect shareholding) and Zoop Tecnologia e Meios de Pagamento S.A. (2% indirect shareholding).
6
Practi Technologies Ltd and Simbambili Ltd do business as Practi.
7
Sto2 sp. z.o.o. does business as Pyszne.pl.
8
Takeaway Express GmbH and yd.yourdelivery GmbH do business as Lieferando.de.
9
Takeaway.com European Operations B.V. does business as Thuisbezorgd.nl.
10
Takeaway.com European Operations B.V. Austria branch does business as Lieferando.at.
11
Takeaway.com European Operations B.V. Switzerland branch does business as Eat.ch.



Exhibit 23.1

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We consent to the use in this Registration Statement on Form F-4 of our report dated April 26, 2021, relating to the financial statements of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. We also consent to the reference to us under the heading “Experts” in such Registration Statement.

/s/ Deloitte Accountants B.V.
Amsterdam, the Netherlands
April 27, 2021



Exhibit 23.2

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS

We consent to the use in this Registration Statement on Form F-4 of our report dated October 16, 2020, relating to the financial statements of Just Eat Limited. We also consent to the reference to us under the heading “Experts” in such Registration Statement.

/s/ Deloitte LLP
London, United Kingdom
April 27, 2021



Exhibit 23.3

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We consent to the incorporation by reference in this Registration Statement of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. on the Registration Statement of Just Eat Takeaway.com on Form F-4 of our report dated February 26, 2021 on the consolidated financial statements of Grubhub Inc., and our report dated the same date relative to the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, appearing in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Grubhub Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2020, and to the reference to us under the heading "Experts" in the Registration Statement.

 
/s/ Crowe LLP
 
Crowe LLP
   
Oak Brook, Illinois
 
April 27, 2021
 



Exhibit 99.1







Exhibit 99.2

CONSENT OF EVERCORE GROUP L.L.C.

April 27, 2021

The Board of Directors
Grubhub Inc.
111 W. Washington Street
Suite 2100
Chicago, IL 60602

Members of the Board of Directors:

We hereby consent to the inclusion of our opinion letter, dated June 10, 2020, to the Board of Directors of Grubhub Inc. (the “Company”) as Annex C to, and reference thereto under the captions “SUMMARY—Opinion of Grubhub’s Financial Advisor”, “RISK FACTORS—Risks Relating to the Transaction”, “GRUBHUB PROPOSAL I: ADOPTION OF THE MERGER AGREEMENT—Background of the Merger”, “GRUBHUB PROPOSAL I: ADOPTION OF THE MERGER AGREEMENT—Grubhub’s Purposes and Reasons for the Transaction; Recommendation of the Grubhub Board”, “GRUBHUB PROPOSAL I: ADOPTION OF THE MERGER AGREEMENT—Grubhub Financial Projections”, “GRUBHUB PROPOSAL I: ADOPTION OF THE MERGER AGREEMENT—Certain Estimated Cost Synergies Prepared by Grubhub”, and “GRUBHUB PROPOSAL I: ADOPTION OF THE MERGER AGREEMENT—Opinion of Grubhub’s Financial Advisor” in, the joint proxy statement/prospectus included in the Registration Statement on Form F−4 filed by Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. (“Just Eat Takeaway.com”) with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on April 27, 2021, (the “Registration Statement”) and relating to the proposed merger involving the Company and Just Eat Takeaway.com. Notwithstanding the foregoing, it is understood that our consent is being delivered solely in connection with the filing of the Registration Statement and that our opinion letter is not to be used, circulated, quoted or otherwise referred to for any other purpose, nor is it to be filed with, included in or referred to in whole or in part in any registration statement (including any subsequent amendments to the Registration Statement), joint proxy statement/prospectus or any other document, except with our prior written consent. By giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we are experts with respect to any part of such Registration Statement within the meaning of the term “expert” as used in, or that we come within the category of persons whose consent is required under, the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission promulgated thereunder.

 
Very truly yours,
   
 
EVERCORE GROUP L.L.C.
   
 
By:
/s/ Zaheed Kajami
 
Zaheed Kajani
 
Senior Managing Director



Exhibit 99.3

Consent of Director Nominee

Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. is filing a Registration Statement on Form F-4 with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), in connection with its acquisition of Grubhub Inc. In connection therewith, I hereby consent, pursuant to Rule 438 of the  Securities Act, to being named as a nominee to the Management Board of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. in the Registration Statement, as may be amended from time to time. I also consent to the filing of this consent as an exhibit to such Registration Statement and any amendments thereto.

  By: /s/ Matthew Maloney
 
Name:
Matthew Maloney
 
Date:
December 23, 2020




Exhibit 99.4

Consent of Director Nominee

Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. is filing a Registration Statement on Form F-4 with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), in connection with its acquisition of Grubhub Inc. In connection therewith, I hereby consent, pursuant to Rule 438 of the Securities Act, to being named as a nominee to the Supervisory Board of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. in the Registration Statement, as may be amended from time to time. I also consent to the filing of this consent as an exhibit to such Registration Statement and any amendments thereto.

  By: /s/ Lloyd Frink
 
Name:
Lloyd Frink
 
Date:
December 23, 2020



Exhibit 99.5

Consent of Director Nominee

Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. is filing a Registration Statement on Form F-4 with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), in connection with its acquisition of Grubhub Inc. In connection therewith, I hereby consent, pursuant to Rule 438 of the Securities Act, to being named as a nominee to the Supervisory Board of Just Eat Takeaway.com N.V. in the Registration Statement, as may be amended from time to time. I also consent to the filing of this consent as an exhibit to such Registration Statement and any amendments thereto.

  By: /s/ David Fisher
 
Name:
David Fisher
 
Date:
December 23, 2020