FORM 8-K
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Commission file
number |
Registrant, State of Incorporation or Organization,
Address of Principal Executive Offices and Telephone Number |
IRS Employer
Identification Number |
1-05663
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CLECO POWER LLC
(a Louisiana limited
liability company)
2030 Donahue Ferry Road
Pineville, Louisiana 71360-5226
(318) 484-7400
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72-0244480
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333-264319
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CLECO SECURITIZATION I LLC
(a Louisiana limited
liability company)
505 Cleco Drive, Office Number 16
Pineville, Louisiana 71360
(318) 484-4183
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87-4333832
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Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
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(d)
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Exhibits.
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Exhibit No.
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Description
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Amended and Restated Articles of Organization of Cleco Securitization I LLC, dated as of June 20, 2022.
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Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement of Cleco Securitization I LLC, dated as of June 20, 2022.
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Indenture between Cleco Securitization I LLC and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, National Association, as Trustee (including the form of
the Storm Recovery Bonds and the Series Supplement), dated as of June 22, 2022.
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Series Supplement between Cleco Securitization I LLC and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, National Association, as Trustee, dated as of
June 22, 2022.
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Opinion of Phelps Dunbar, L.L.P. with respect to legality.
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Opinion of Phelps Dunbar, L.L.P. with respect to federal tax matters.
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Storm Recovery Property Servicing Agreement between Cleco Securitization I LLC and Cleco Power LLC, as Servicer, dated as of June 22, 2022.
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Storm Recovery Property Sale Agreement between Cleco Securitization I LLC and Cleco Power LLC, as Seller, dated as of June 22, 2022.
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Administration Agreement between Cleco Securitization I LLC and Cleco Power LLC, as Administrator, dated as of June 22, 2022.
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23.1
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Consent of Phelps Dunbar, L.L.P. (included as part of its opinions filed as Exhibit 5.1 and Exhibit 8.1).
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Opinion of Phelps Dunbar, L.L.P. with respect to U.S.
constitutional matters and Louisiana constitutional matters.
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104
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Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document).
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Dated: June 22, 2022
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Cleco Power LLC
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By:
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/s/ Tonita Laprarie
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Tonita Laprarie
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Controller and Chief Accounting Officer
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Cleco Securitization I LLC
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By:
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/s/ Tonita Laprarie
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Tonita Laprarie
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Manager
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Exhibit 3.2
AMENDED AND RESTATED ARTICLES OF ORGANIZATION
OF
CLECO SECURITIZATION I LLC
Cleco Power LLC, being the undersigned sole member (the “Member”) of Cleco Securitization I LLC, a Louisiana limited liability company (the “Company”), hereby adopts these Amended and Restated Articles of Organization of the Company (these “Articles”) dated as of June 20, 2022, pursuant to the Louisiana Limited Liability Company Law, La. R.S. 12:1301, et seq., as amended (as amended from time to time, the “LLC Law”). Unless otherwise defined herein, capitalized terms used herein shall have the meanings assigned to them in Appendix A attached hereto.
RECITALS
A. The Articles of Organization of the Company were filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Louisiana on January 5, 2022 (the “Initial Articles”); and
B. Pursuant to Section 4.2 of the Initial Articles and the LLC Law, the sole Member desires to amend and restate the Initial Articles of the Company as set forth herein.
NOW, THEREFORE, acting in accordance with the LLC Law, including La. R.S. 12:1309 and 12:1318, the Initial Articles (as hereby amended) and the Company’s Operating Agreement, and acting under the approval and authorization of the Company’s sole Member pursuant to the unanimous written consent dated as of June 20, 2022 by the sole Member and the Managers of the Company, in consideration of the rights, duties, privileges, and obligations assumed or accorded under these Articles, the Company hereby amends and restates the Initial Articles in their entirety as follows:
Article I.
Name
The name of the Company is:
Cleco Securitization I LLC
Article II.
PurposeS
2.1 Purposes. The purposes for which the Company is formed are limited to:
(a) purchase, acquire, own, hold, administer, service or enter into agreements regarding the receipt and servicing of Storm Recovery Property and other Storm Recovery Bond Collateral, along with certain other related assets, and thereby be an “Assignee” as defined in the Securitization Act;
(b) manage, sell, assign, pledge, collect amounts due on or otherwise deal with Storm Recovery Property and other Storm Recovery Bond Collateral and related assets to be so acquired in accordance with the terms of the applicable Basic Documents;
(c) negotiate, authorize, execute, deliver, assume the obligations under, and perform its duties under, the applicable Basic Documents and any other agreement or instrument or document relating to the activities set forth in clauses (a) and (b) above; provided, that (i) each party to any such agreement, document or instrument under which significant obligations are imposed upon the Company shall covenant that it shall not, prior to the date which is one year and one day after the termination of every Indenture by the Company and the payment in full of each Series of the Storm Recovery Bonds, all Financing Costs and any other amounts owed under every Indenture by the Company, acquiesce, petition or otherwise invoke or cause the Company to invoke the process of any court or Governmental Authority for the purpose of commencing or sustaining an involuntary case against the Company under any federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, custodian, sequestrator or other similar official of the Company or any substantial part of the property of the Company, or ordering the winding-up or liquidation of the affairs of the Company; and (ii) the Company shall be permitted to incur additional indebtedness or other liabilities payable to service providers and trade creditors in the ordinary course of business in connection with the foregoing activities;
(d) invest proceeds from the applicable Storm Recovery Property, other Storm Recovery Bond Collateral and other assets and any capital and income of the Company in accordance with the applicable agreements or instruments entered into in connection with the issuance of the related Series of Storm Recovery Bonds or as otherwise determined by the Managers and not inconsistent with these Articles, the Company’s Operating Agreement, the applicable Financing Order, and the Securitization Act;
(e) file with the SEC one or more Registration Statements, including any pre-effective or post-effective amendments thereto and any registration statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act (including any prospectus and exhibits contained therein) and file such applications, reports, surety bonds, irrevocable consents, appointments of attorney for service of process and other papers and documents necessary or desirable to register the applicable Storm Recovery Bonds under the securities or “Blue Sky” laws of various jurisdictions;
(f) authorize, execute, deliver and issue Storm Recovery Bonds from time to time;
(g) pledge its interest in the applicable Storm Recovery Property and other Storm Recovery Bond Collateral to the Indenture Trustee under the applicable Indenture by the Company in order to secure the applicable Storm Recovery Bonds; and
(h) engage in any lawful act or activity and exercise any powers permitted to limited liability companies formed under the laws of the State of Louisiana that, in either case, are incidental to, or necessary, suitable or convenient for, the accomplishment of the above-mentioned purposes.
2.2 Activities and Powers. The Company shall engage only in activities related to the purposes set forth in Section 2.1 hereof or required or authorized by the terms of the Basic Documents, the Registration Statement, or other agreements referenced above. The Company shall have all powers reasonably incidental, necessary, suitable or convenient to effect the foregoing purposes, including all powers granted under the LLC Law. The Company, any Manager, including any Independent Manager (as defined in the Company’s Operating Agreement), or any officer of the Company, acting singly or collectively, on behalf of the Company, may enter into and perform the Basic Documents, the Registration Statement, and all documents, agreements, certificates or financing statements contemplated thereby or related thereto, all without any further act, vote or approval of any Member, Manager or other Person, notwithstanding any other provision of the Company’s Operating Agreement, the LLC Law, or other applicable law, rule or regulation. The authorization set forth in the preceding sentence shall not be deemed a restriction on the power and authority of any Manager or any officer to enter into other agreements or documents on behalf of the Company as authorized pursuant to these Articles, the Company’s Operating Agreement, the applicable Financing Order, or the LLC Law. The Company shall possess and may exercise all the powers and privileges granted by the LLC Law or by any other law, these Articles or the Company’s Operating Agreement, together with any powers incidental thereto, insofar as such powers and privileges are incidental, necessary, suitable or convenient to the conduct, promotion or attainment of the business purposes or activities of the Company.
2.3 Not a Low-Profit LLC. The Company is not organized as a low-profit limited liability company.
Article III.
Member
3.1 Initial Member. The name and address of the initial sole Member of the Company is:
Cleco Power LLC
2030 Donahue Ferry Road
Pineville, LA 71360-5226
3.2 Restriction on Member. The Member shall not apply for judicial dissolution of the Company, and the Member is not permitted to and shall not withdraw from or otherwise cease to be a member of the Company for any reason whatsoever, including that the Member itself shall not dissolve or otherwise terminate its legal existence, unless an acceptable new member of the Company is substituted for the Member in compliance with the Basic Documents, the Securitization Act and each applicable Financing Order, until every Series of Storm Recovery Bonds and all Financing Costs have been paid in full.
Article IV.
Managers
4.1 Authority of Managers. The Company shall be managed by or under the authority of the Managers. The Member shall appoint Managers from time to time, provided that, except as provided in Section 7.06 of the Company’s Operating Agreement, no later than the issuance of the first series of Storm Recovery Bonds, the Member shall appoint an Independent Manager and the Company shall thereafter have an Independent Manager at all times until every Series of Storm Recovery Bonds and all Financing Costs have been paid in full. The initial Managers shall be the persons listed on the Initial Report of the Company filed with the Louisiana Secretary of State. The Managers, acting in accordance with the management provisions in Article VII of the Company’s Operating Agreement, shall have all powers necessary or appropriate to manage the business and affairs of the Company including, by way of illustration and not by way of limitation, the power to do any of the following:
(a) purchase, acquire, own, hold, administer, service or enter into agreements regarding the receipt and servicing of Storm Recovery Property and other Storm Recovery Bond Collateral, along with certain other related assets, and thereby be an “Assignee” as defined in the Securitization Act;
(b) manage, sell, assign, pledge, collect amounts due on or otherwise deal with Storm Recovery Property and other Storm Recovery Bond Collateral and related assets to be so acquired in accordance with the terms of the applicable Basic Documents;
(c) negotiate, authorize, execute, deliver, assume the obligations under, and perform its duties under, the Basic Documents and any other agreement or instrument or document relating to the activities set forth in clauses (a) and (b) of this Section 4.1, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in Section 2.1(c);
(d) invest proceeds from the applicable Storm Recovery Property, other Storm Recovery Bond Collateral and other assets and any capital and income of the Company in accordance with the applicable agreements or instruments entered into in connection with the issuance of the related Series of Storm Recovery Bonds or as otherwise determined by the Managers and not inconsistent with these Articles, the Company’s Operating Agreement, each applicable Financing Order, and the Securitization Act;
(e) file with the SEC one or more Registration Statements, including any pre-effective or post-effective amendments thereto and any registration statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act (including any prospectus and exhibits contained therein) and file such applications, reports, surety bonds, irrevocable consents, appointments of attorney for service of process and other papers and documents necessary or desirable to register the applicable Storm Recovery Bonds under the securities or “Blue Sky” laws of various jurisdictions;
(f) authorize, execute, deliver and issue Storm Recovery Bonds from time to time;
(g) pledge the Company’s interest in the applicable Storm Recovery Property and other Storm Recovery Bond Collateral to the Indenture Trustee under the applicable Indenture by the Company in order to secure the applicable Storm Recovery Bonds; and
(h) engage in any lawful act or activity and exercise any additional powers permitted to limited liability companies formed under the laws of the State of Louisiana that, in either case, are incidental to, or necessary, suitable or convenient for, the accomplishment of the above-mentioned powers.
4.2 Powers Reserved to the Member. Subject to the terms and conditions in the Company’s Operating Agreement, the Member shall have exclusive power and authority to approve the election or removal of the Managers and any amendment to these Articles or the Company’s Operating Agreement.
4.3 Limitation on Managers as Agents. The authority of the Managers is subject to restrictions set forth in the Company’s Operating Agreement. In addition, all rights, powers and authority of any Manager serving in the capacity of an Independent Manager shall be limited to those that are necessary to exercise those rights and perform those duties specifically set forth in the Company’s Operating Agreement.
Article V.
Limitation of Member’s and Manager’s Liability
Except as otherwise provided by the LLC Law and except as otherwise characterized for tax and financing reporting purposes, the debts, obligations and liabilities of the Company, whether arising in contract, tort or otherwise, shall be solely the debts, obligations and liabilities of the Company, and no Member, Special Member (as defined in the Company’s Operating Agreement) or Manager shall be obligated personally for any such debt, obligation or liability of the Company solely by reason of being a Member, a Special Member or a Manager. If the LLC Law is amended to authorize any further elimination or limitation of the personal liability of the Member, a Special Member or any Manager, then the liability of the Member, a Special Member or any Manager shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the LLC Law, as so amended. Any repeal or modification of this Article V by the Company shall not adversely affect any right or protection of the Member, any Special Member or any Manager under this Article V with respect to any act or omission occurring prior to the time of such repeal or modification.
Article VI.
Right to Rely on Authority
In accordance with the provisions of La. R.S. 12:1305(C)(5), any Manager is authorized to execute certificates which establish the membership of any Member, the authenticity of any records of the Company, and the authority of any person (including the certifying Manager or any other Manager or other officer) to act on behalf of the Company, including without limitation by providing a statement of those persons with the authority to take the actions referred to in La. R.S. 12:1318(B). Persons dealing with the Company may rely upon these certificates. Without limiting the foregoing, each of William G. Fontenot, F. Tonita Laprarie, Samantha McKee, and Stacy Stubbs, as Managers, are authorized to issue such certificates, until their replacement as a Manager is evidenced by a filing with the Louisiana Secretary of State.
Article VII.
Company Representatives (DEALING WITH State Entities)
Each Manager and officer has the consent of the Member to represent the Company interest to any state agency, board or commission or to represent the Company interest at any hearing or proceeding held by any state agency, board or commission, including, without limitation, the LPSC, in accordance with the provisions of La. R.S. 12:1317.1.
SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS
THUS DONE AND PASSED, on this 14 day of June, 2022, before me, the undersigned Notary Public, duly commissioned and qualified in and for Rapides Parish, Louisiana, by the personal appearance of William G. Fontenot, a duly authorized representative of Cleco Power LLC who acknowledged and declared under oath, in the presence of the two undersigned witnesses, that said representative signed these Amended and Restated Articles of Organization as said representative’s own free act and deed for the purposes stated herein.
WITNESSES: | CLECO POWER LLC | |||||
/s/ Felicia L. Rachal |
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Print Name: |
Felicia L. Rachal |
By: | /s/ William G. Fontenot |
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Name: |
William G. Fontenot |
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/s/ Natalie Paul
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Title: | CEO |
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Print Name: |
Natalie Paul
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/s/ Catina L. Ivey |
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NOTARY PUBLIC | ||||
Print Name: | Catina L. Ivey |
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Bar Roll/Notarial Id. No.: | 51231 |
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My Commission Expires: | at death |
Signature Page to
Amended and Restated Articles of Organization of Cleco Securitization I LLC
APPENDIX A
DEFINITIONS
The following terms have the following meanings:
“Administration Agreement” means an Administration Agreement to be entered into by and between Cleco Power LLC and the Company with respect to the applicable Series of Storm Recovery Bonds, as the same may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
“Basic Documents” means these Amended and Restated Articles of Organization and the Company’s Initial Report, the Company’s Operating Agreement, and each Indenture, Series Supplement, Administration Agreement, Sale Agreement, Servicing Agreement, Letter of Representations, Underwriting Agreement, Bill of Sale, Note and all other documents and certificates delivered in connection therewith.
“Bill of Sale” means a bill of sale given by Cleco Power LLC, as the seller, to the Company, in connection with the issuance of the applicable Series of Storm Recovery Bonds and the execution and delivery of the applicable Sale Agreement, as the same may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
“Company” has the meaning set forth in the preamble of these Articles.
“Company’s Operating Agreement” means the Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement dated effective as of January 5, 2022, entered into by the Company and the sole Member of the Company, as amended and restated by the Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement dated as of June 20, 2022, as the same may be further amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
“Financing Costs” means the financing costs, as defined in the Securitization Act and a Financing Order, under or relating to the applicable Series of Storm Recovery Bonds authorized by such Financing Order.
“Financing Order” means the Financing Order issued on April 1, 2022, by the LPSC pursuant to the Securitization Act in Cleco Power LLC’s Docket No. U-35807, or any subsequent Financing Order issued by the LPSC pursuant to the Securitization Act pertaining to Cleco Power LLC, the Company and any additional Series of the Storm Recovery Bonds.
“Governmental Authority” means any nation or government, any federal, state, local or other political subdivision thereof and any court, administrative agency or other instrumentality or entity exercising executive, legislative, judicial, regulatory or administrative function of government.
“Indenture” means an Indenture to be entered into by and between the Company and an Indenture Trustee, as originally executed and as from time to time supplemented or amended by one or more Series Supplements entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions of such Indenture, as so supplemented or amended, or both, and shall include the forms and terms of the applicable Series of Storm Recovery Bonds to be issued pursuant to such Indenture.
“Indenture Trustee” means a third-party financial company or bank to be designated as indenture trustee for the benefit of the Secured Parties, or any successor indenture trustee under an Indenture.
“Initial Articles” has the meaning set forth in the recitals to these Articles.
“Letter of Representations” means any applicable agreement between the Company and an organization registered as a “clearing agency” pursuant to Section 17A of the Exchange Act, pertaining to a Series of Storm Recovery Bonds, as the same may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
“LLC Law” has the meaning set forth in the preamble to these Articles.
“LPSC” means the Louisiana Public Service Commission, or any Governmental Authority succeeding to the duties of such agency.
“Manager” means each manager, including any Independent Manager, of the Company under the Company’s Operating Agreement.
“Member” has the meaning set forth in the preamble to these Articles.
“Note” means one or more notes evidencing the applicable Series of Storm Recovery Bonds, as the same may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
“Person” means any individual, corporation, limited liability company, estate, partnership, joint venture, association, joint stock company, trust (including any beneficiary thereof), unincorporated organization or Governmental Authority, and includes successors permitted by the Basic Documents.
“Registration Statement” means a registration statement on Form SF-1 of Cleco Power LLC, as sponsor, and the Company, as issuing entity, that registers the offer and sale of the applicable Series of Storm Recovery Bonds under the Securities Act, including any pre-effective or post-effective amendments thereto and any registration statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act (including any prospectus and exhibits contained therein).
“Sale Agreement” means a Storm Recovery Property Purchase and Sale Agreement to be entered into by and between Cleco Power LLC and the Company with respect to the applicable Series of Storm Recovery Bonds, as the same may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
“SEC” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
“Secured Parties” means, with respect to each Series of Storm Recovery Bonds, the Indenture Trustee under the applicable Indenture for such Series of Storm Recovery Bonds, the relevant holders of such Series of Storm Recovery Bonds, and any credit enhancer described in the applicable Series Supplement.
“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
“Securitization Act” means the “Louisiana Electric Utility Storm Recovery Securitization Act,” codified at La. R.S. 45:1226-1240, as amended.
“Series” means each series of the Storm Recovery Bonds issued and authenticated pursuant to an Indenture and a related Series Supplement.
“Series Supplement” means a series supplement or an indenture supplemental to an Indenture that authorizes the issuance of a particular Series of Storm Recovery Bonds and sets forth certain terms of such Series of Storm Recovery Bonds.
“Servicing Agreement” means a Storm Recovery Property Servicing Agreement to be entered into by and between the Company and Cleco Power LLC, as servicer, with respect to a Series of Storm Recovery Bonds, as the same may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
“Storm Recovery Bond Collateral” means the applicable Storm Recovery Property and related properties and rights, including, without limitation, the related Sale Agreement and certain deposit accounts and securities accounts, which are encumbered by the Company as collateral for the applicable Series of Storm Recovery Bonds.
“Storm Recovery Bonds” means one or more Series of Storm Recovery Bonds authorized by a Financing Order and issued under and governed by an Indenture.
“Storm Recovery Charge” means any storm recovery charges, as defined in Section 1227(15) of the Securitization Act, authorized pursuant to a Financing Order.
“Storm Recovery Property” means all storm recovery property as defined in Section 1227(17) of the Securitization Act created pursuant to a Financing Order and pertaining to the applicable Series of Storm Recovery Bonds authorized by such Financing Order and sold or otherwise conveyed to the Company.
“Underwriters” means the underwriters who purchase any Storm Recovery Bonds from the Company and sell such Storm Recovery Bonds in a public offering.
“Underwriting Agreement” means an Underwriting Agreement to be entered into by and among Cleco Power LLC, the Underwriters and the Company, in connection with the issuance and sale of Storm Recovery Bonds, as the same may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
Exhibit 3.4
AMENDED AND RESTATED LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY
OPERATING AGREEMENT
OF
CLECO SECURITIZATION I LLC
Dated and Effective as of
June 20, 2022
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
ARTICLE I GENERAL PROVISIONS | 1 |
SECTION 1.01 Definitions | 1 |
SECTION 1.02 Sole Member; Registered Office and Agent | 1 |
SECTION 1.03 Other Offices | 3 |
SECTION 1.04 Name | 3 |
SECTION 1.05 Purposes; Nature of Business Permitted; Powers | 3 |
SECTION 1.06 Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement; Articles of Organization; Initial Report | 5 |
SECTION 1.07 Separate Existence | 5 |
SECTION 1.08 Limitation on Certain Activities | 9 |
SECTION 1.09 No State Law Partnership | 11 |
ARTICLE II CAPITAL | 12 |
SECTION 2.01 Initial Capital | 12 |
SECTION 2.02 Additional Capital Contributions | 12 |
SECTION 2.03 Capital Account | 12 |
SECTION 2.04 Interest | 12 |
ARTICLE III ALLOCATIONS; BOOKS | 13 |
SECTION 3.01 Allocations of Income and Loss | 13 |
SECTION 3.02 Company to be Disregarded for Tax Purposes | 13 |
SECTION 3.03 Books of Account; Fiscal Year | 14 |
SECTION 3.04 Access to Accounting Records | 14 |
SECTION 3.05 Annual Tax Information | 14 |
SECTION 3.06 Internal Revenue Service Communications | 14 |
ARTICLE IV MEMBER | 14 |
SECTION 4.01 Powers | 14 |
SECTION 4.02 Other Ventures | 14 |
SECTION 4.03 Actions by the Member | 15 |
SECTION 4.04 Certificates for Membership Interest | 15 |
SECTION 4.05 Restrictions on the Member | 15 |
ARTICLE V OFFICERS | 15 |
SECTION 5.01 Designation; Term; Qualifications. | 15 |
SECTION 5.02 Removal and Resignation | 17 |
SECTION 5.03 Vacancies | 17 |
SECTION 5.04 Reimbursement of Expenses | 17 |
ARTICLE VI MEMBERSHIP INTEREST | 17 |
SECTION 6.01 General | 17 |
SECTION 6.02 Distributions | 17 |
SECTION 6.03 Rights on Liquidation, Dissolution or Winding Up | 17 |
SECTION 6.04 Redemption | 18 |
SECTION 6.05 Voting Rights | 18 |
SECTION 6.06 Transfer of Membership Interests | 18 |
SECTION 6.07 Admission of Transferee as Member | 18 |
ARTICLE VII MANAGERS | 19 |
SECTION 7.01 Managers | 19 |
SECTION 7.02 Powers of the Managers | 20 |
SECTION 7.03 Compensation, Reimbursement of Expenses | 21 |
SECTION 7.04 Removal of Managers. | 21 |
SECTION 7.05 Resignation of Manager | 22 |
SECTION 7.06 Vacancies | 22 |
SECTION 7.07 Meetings of the Managers | 22 |
SECTION 7.08 Electronic Communications | 22 |
SECTION 7.09 Committees of Managers | 22 |
SECTION 7.10 Limitations on Independent Managers as Agents | 23 |
ARTICLE VIII EXPENSES | 23 |
SECTION 8.01 Expenses | 23 |
ARTICLE IX PERPETUAL EXISTENCE; DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION AND WINDING-UP | 24 |
SECTION 9.01 Existence | 24 |
SECTION 9.02 Dissolution | 24 |
SECTION 9.03 Accounting | 24 |
SECTION 9.04 Articles of Dissolution | 24 |
SECTION 9.05 Winding Up | 25 |
SECTION 9.06 Order of Payment of Liabilities Upon Dissolution | 25 |
SECTION 9.07 Limitations on Payments Made in Dissolution | 25 |
SECTION 9.08 Limitation on Liability | 25 |
SECTION 9.09 No Capital Contributions Upon Liquidation | 25 |
ARTICLE X INDEMNIFICATION | 25 |
SECTION 10.01 Indemnity | 25 |
SECTION 10.02 Indemnity for Actions By or In the Right of the Company | 26 |
SECTION 10.03 Indemnity If Successful | 26 |
SECTION 10.04 Expenses | 26 |
SECTION 10.05 Advance Payment of Expenses | 27 |
SECTION 10.06 Other Arrangements Not Excluded | 27 |
ARTICLE XI MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS | 27 |
SECTION 11.01 No Bankruptcy Petition; Dissolution | 27 |
SECTION 11.02 Amendments | 28 |
SECTION 11.03 LPSC Condition | 29 |
SECTION 11.04 Governing Law | 30 |
SECTION 11.05 Headings | 30 |
SECTION 11.06 Severability | 30 |
SECTION 11.07 Assigns | 30 |
SECTION 11.08 Enforcement by Independent Managers | 30 |
SECTION 11.09 Benefits of Agreement; No Third-Party Rights | 30 |
SECTION 11.10 Waiver of Partition; Nature of Interest | 31 |
EXHIBITS, SCHEDULES AND APPENDICES
Schedule A | Schedule of Capital Contributions of Member |
Schedule B | Initial Managers |
Schedule C | Initial Officers |
Exhibit A | Amended and Restated Management Agreement |
Appendix A | Definitions |
AMENDED AND RESTATED LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY
OPERATING AGREEMENT OF
CLECO SECURITIZATION I LLC
This AMENDED AND RESTATED LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY OPERATING AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”) of CLECO SECURITIZATION I LLC, a Louisiana limited liability company (the “Company”), is made and entered into effective as of June 20, 2022 (the “Effective Date”), by and between CLECO POWER LLC, a Louisiana limited liability company (including any additional or successor members of the Company other than Special Members, the “Member” or “Cleco Power”), and the Company.
WHEREAS, the Company was formed as a limited liability company pursuant to the Limited Liability Company Law of the State of Louisiana, La. R.S. 12:1301, et seq., as amended (as amended from time to time, the “LLC Law”), by the filing of the Articles of Organization of the Company and an Initial Report with the office of the Secretary of State of the State of Louisiana (the “Secretary of State”) on January 5, 2022 (the “Formation Date”);
WHEREAS, the Company and the Member, as the sole Member of the Company on the Formation Date, entered into the Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement of the Company, dated as of January 5, 2022 (the “Initial Operating Agreement”);
WHEREAS, the Member, as the sole Member of the Company, has caused the Amended and Restated Articles of Organization of the Company to be filed with the office of the Secretary of State on June 20, 2022, in accordance with the LLC Law and Sections 11.02 and 11.03 of the Initial Operating Agreement to the extent applicable; and
WHEREAS, the Company and the Member, as the sole Member of the Company, now desire to amend and restate the Initial Operating Agreement by entering into this Agreement to set forth the rights, powers and interests of the Member with respect to the Company and its Membership Interest (as defined in Section 6.01 below) therein, and to provide for the management of the business and operations of the Company.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements herein contained and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt, adequacy and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and the Member, intending to be legally bound, hereby agree that, as of the Effective Date, the Initial Operating Agreement is amended and restated in its entirety as follows:
ARTICLE I
GENERAL PROVISIONS
SECTION 1.01 Definitions. Unless otherwise defined herein, capitalized terms used herein shall have the meanings assigned to them in Appendix A, attached hereto and made a part hereof.
SECTION 1.02 Sole Member; Registered Office and Agent. The initial sole member of the Company shall be Cleco Power LLC, a Louisiana limited liability company, or any successor as sole member pursuant to Sections 1.02(c), 6.06 and 6.07. The initial registered office and initial registered agent of the Company in the State of Louisiana are stated in the Company’s Initial Report. The Managers may change said registered office and registered agent from one location to another in the State of Louisiana in accordance with the LLC Law. The Managers shall provide notice of any such change to the Indenture Trustee under each Indenture then in effect.
(b) Upon the occurrence of any event that causes the Member to cease to be a member of the Company (other than upon the transfer or assignment by the Member of all of its Membership Interest and the admission of the transferee or an additional member of the Company pursuant to Sections 6.06 and 6.07), each Person serving at that time as an Independent Manager pursuant to the terms of this Agreement shall, without any action of any Person and simultaneously with the Member ceasing to be a member of the Company, automatically be admitted to the Company as a Special Member and shall continue the Company without dissolution. The Special Members shall automatically without any action of any Person cease to be a member of the Company upon the admission to the Company of a substitute Member. No Special Member may resign from the Company or transfer its rights as Special Member unless (i) a successor Special Member has been admitted to the Company as Special Member by executing a counterpart to this Agreement, and (ii) such successor has also accepted his or her appointment as Independent Manager pursuant to this Agreement. Upon the occurrence of any event that causes there to be no Member of the Company (and thus the only member of the Company being one or more Special Members), the Personal Representative of such former Member shall be authorized to seek the admittance of a substitute Member of the Company pursuant to Sections 6.06, 6.07 and 9.01, which substitute Member shall be such Personal Representative or its nominee or designee. Pending such admission of the Personal Representative or its nominee or designee, as the case may be, as a substitute Member, such former Member (or if such former Member no longer exists, its Personal Representative), shall retain the Membership Interest of such former Member, including without limitation, all economic rights associated with such interest (which economic rights shall continue to represent the sole economic rights associated with any ownership interest in the Company). Upon the admission to the Company of a substitute Member, such substitute Member shall acquire, upon terms agreed to by the former Member (or its Personal Representative) and the substitute Member, all right, title and interest in and to such former Member’s Membership Interest and each Special Member’s limited liability company interest in the Company who ceases being a member at such time. Each Special Member shall be a member of the Company that, except to the minimum extent required by the LLC Law, has no interest in the profits, losses and capital of the Company and has no right to receive any distributions of Company assets (and no Special Member shall be treated as a member of the Company for federal income tax purposes). A Special Member’s capital contribution to the Company shall be the services of the Special Member. A Special Member, in its capacity as Special Member, may not bind the Company. Except as required by any mandatory provision of the LLC Law, each Special Member, in its capacity as Special Member, shall have no right to vote on, approve or otherwise consent to any action by, or matter relating to, the Company, including the merger, consolidation or conversion of the Company. In order to implement the admission to the Company of each Special Member, each Person acting as an Independent Manager pursuant to this Agreement shall execute a counterpart to the Amended and Restated Management Agreement in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A. Prior to his or her admission to the Company as Special Member, each Person acting as an Independent Manager pursuant to this Agreement shall not be a member of the Company. A “Special Member” means, upon such Person’s admission to the Company as a member of the Company pursuant to this Section 1.02(b), a Person acting as Independent Manager, in such Person’s capacity as a member of the Company. A Special Member shall only have the rights and duties expressly set forth in this Agreement. For purposes of this Agreement, a Special Member is not included within the defined term “Member.”
(c) Except as set forth in paragraph (b) above pertaining to the automatic admission of a Special Member as a member of the Company, and except as set forth in Section 6.07(b), the Company may admit additional members with the unanimous affirmative vote of the Managers, which vote must include the affirmative vote of the Independent Managers, and the written agreement of the Member. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, it shall be a condition to the admission of any additional member other than a Special Member under paragraph (b) above that the sole Member shall have received an opinion (in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Member and the Indenture Trustee under each Indenture then in effect) of Independent tax counsel (as selected by the Member) that the admission of such additional member shall not cause the Company to be treated, for federal income tax purposes, as having more than a “sole owner” and that the Company shall not be treated, for federal income tax purposes, as an entity separate from such “sole owner.” The admission of a new Member as a transferee of a Member is further provided for in Sections 6.06 and 6.07.
SECTION 1.03 Other Offices. Subject to Section 1.07(a), the Company may have such other offices that may at any time be established by the Managers for the Company at any place or places within or outside the State of Louisiana. The Managers shall provide notice to the Indenture Trustee under each Indenture then in effect of any change in the location of the Company’s office.
SECTION 1.04 Name. As established by the Company’s Articles of Organization, the name of the Company shall be “Cleco Securitization I LLC.” The name of the Company may be changed from time to time by the Managers with prior agreement by the Member and 10 days’ prior written notice to the Indenture Trustee under each Indenture then in effect, and the filing of appropriate articles of amendment to the Articles of Organization with the Secretary of State as required by the LLC Law.
SECTION 1.05 Purposes; Nature of Business Permitted; Powers. The purposes for which the Company is formed are limited to:
(a) purchase, acquire, own, hold, administer, service or enter into agreements regarding the receipt and servicing of Storm Recovery Property and other Storm Recovery Bond Collateral, along with certain other related assets, and thereby be an “Assignee” as defined in the Securitization Act;
(b) manage, sell, assign, pledge, collect amounts due on or otherwise deal with Storm Recovery Property and other Storm Recovery Bond Collateral and related assets to be so acquired in accordance with the terms of the applicable Basic Documents;
(c) negotiate, authorize, execute, deliver, assume the obligations under, and perform its duties under, the applicable Basic Documents and any other agreement or instrument or document relating to the activities set forth in clauses (a) and (b) of this Section 1.05; provided, that (i) each party to any such agreement, document or instrument under which significant obligations are imposed upon the Company shall covenant that it shall not, prior to the date which is one year and one day after the termination of every Indenture by the Company and the payment in full of each Series of the Storm Recovery Bonds, all Financing Costs and any other amounts owed under every Indenture by the Company, acquiesce, petition or otherwise invoke or cause the Company to invoke the process of any court or Governmental Authority for the purpose of commencing or sustaining an involuntary case against the Company under any federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, custodian, sequestrator or other similar official of the Company or any substantial part of the property of the Company, or ordering the winding up or liquidation of the affairs of the Company; and (ii) the Company shall be permitted to incur additional indebtedness or other liabilities payable to service providers and trade creditors in the ordinary course of business in connection with the foregoing activities;
(d) invest proceeds from the applicable Storm Recovery Property, other Storm Recovery Bond Collateral and other assets and any capital and income of the Company in accordance with the applicable agreements or instruments entered into in connection with the issuance of the related Series of Storm Recovery Bonds or as otherwise determined by the Managers and not inconsistent with the Company’s Articles of Organization, this Agreement, the applicable Financing Order, and the Securitization Act;
(e) file with the SEC one or more Registration Statements, including any pre-effective or post-effective amendments thereto and any registration statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act (including any prospectus and exhibits contained therein) and file such applications, reports, surety bonds, irrevocable consents, appointments of attorney for service of process and other papers and documents necessary or desirable to register the applicable Storm Recovery Bonds under the securities or “Blue Sky” laws of various jurisdictions;
(f) authorize, execute, deliver and issue Storm Recovery Bonds from time to time;
(g) pledge its interest in the applicable Storm Recovery Property and other Storm Recovery Bond Collateral to the Indenture Trustee under the applicable Indenture by the Company in order to secure the applicable Storm Recovery Bonds; and
(h) engage in any lawful act or activity and exercise any powers permitted to limited liability companies formed under the laws of the State of Louisiana that, in either case, are incidental to, or necessary, suitable or convenient for, the accomplishment of the above-mentioned purposes.
The Company shall engage only in activities related to the purposes set forth in this Section 1.05 or required or authorized by the terms of the Basic Documents, the Registration Statement, or other agreements referenced above. The Company shall have all powers reasonably incidental, necessary, suitable or convenient to effect the foregoing purposes, including all powers granted under the LLC Law. The Company, any Manager, including any Independent Manager, or any officer of the Company, acting singly or collectively, on behalf of the Company, may enter into and perform the Basic Documents, the Registration Statement, and all documents, agreements, certificates or financing statements contemplated thereby or related thereto, all without any further act, vote or approval of any Member, Manager or other Person, notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the LLC Law, or other applicable law, rule or regulation. The authorization set forth in the preceding sentence shall not be deemed a restriction on the power and authority of any Manager or any officer to enter into other agreements or documents on behalf of the Company as authorized pursuant to this Agreement, the Company’s Articles of Organization, the applicable Financing Order, or the LLC Law. The Company shall possess and may exercise all the powers and privileges granted by the LLC Law or by any other law, this Agreement or the Company’s Articles of Organization, together with any powers incidental thereto, insofar as such powers and privileges are incidental, necessary, suitable or convenient to the conduct, promotion or attainment of the business purposes or activities of the Company.
SECTION 1.06 Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement; Articles of Organization; Initial Report. This Agreement shall constitute an “operating agreement” within the meaning of the LLC Law. The Member has caused the Articles of Organization and an Initial Report of the Company to be executed and filed in the office of the Secretary of State on January 5, 2022, and the Member has caused the Amended and Restated Articles of Organization of the Company to be executed and filed in the office of the Secretary of State on June 20, 2022 (each such execution and filing being hereby ratified and approved in all respects).
SECTION 1.07 Separate Existence. The Member and the Managers shall take all steps necessary to continue the identity of the Company as a separate legal entity (until dissolution under Section 9.02) and, except for financial reporting purposes (to the extent required by generally accepted accounting principles) and for federal income tax purposes and, to the extent consistent with applicable state tax law, state income and franchise tax purposes, to make it apparent to third Persons that (a) the Company is an entity with assets and liabilities distinct from those of the Member, Affiliates of the Member or any other Person, and (b) the Company is not a division of any of the Affiliates of the Company or any other Person. In that regard, and without limiting the foregoing in any manner, the Company shall:
(a) maintain office space separate and clearly delineated from the office space of any Affiliate;
(b) maintain the assets of the Company in such a manner that it is not costly or difficult to segregate, identify or ascertain its individual assets from those of any other Person, including any Affiliate;
(c) conduct all transactions with Affiliates on an arm’s-length basis;
(d) not guarantee, become obligated for or pay the debts of any Affiliate or hold the credit of the Company out as being available to satisfy the obligations of any Affiliate or other Person (nor, except as contemplated in the Basic Documents, indemnify any Person for losses resulting therefrom), nor, except as contemplated in the Basic Documents, have any of its obligations guaranteed by any Affiliate or hold the Company out as responsible for the debts of any Affiliate or other Person or for the decisions or actions with respect to the business and affairs of any Affiliate, nor seek or obtain credit or incur any obligation to any third party based upon the creditworthiness or assets of any Affiliate or any other Person (i.e., other than based on the assets of the Company) nor allow any Affiliate to do such things based on the credit or assets of the Company;
(e) except as expressly otherwise permitted hereunder or under any of the Basic Documents, not permit the commingling or pooling of the Company’s funds or other assets with the funds or other assets of any Affiliate;
(f) maintain separate deposit and other bank accounts and funds (separately identifiable from those of the Member or any other Person) to which no Affiliate has any access, which accounts shall be maintained in the name and, to the extent not inconsistent with applicable federal tax law, with the tax identification number of the Company;
(g) maintain full books of accounts and records (financial or other) and financial statements separate from those of its Affiliates or any other Person (except as described herein with respect to tax purposes and financial reporting), prepared and maintained in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (including, all resolutions, records, agreements or instruments underlying or regarding the transactions contemplated by the Basic Documents or otherwise) and audited annually by an Independent accounting firm which shall provide such audit to the Indenture Trustee under each Indenture then in effect;
(h) pay its own liabilities out of its own funds, including fees and expenses of an administrator pursuant to an Administration Agreement and a Servicer pursuant to a Servicing Agreement in each case with respect to the applicable Series of Storm Recovery Bonds;
(i) compensate at prudent and reasonable levels (either directly or through reimbursement of the Company’s allocable share of any shared expenses) all employees, consultants and agents and Affiliates, to the extent applicable, for services provided to the Company by such employees, consultants and agents or Affiliates, in each case, from the Company’s own funds, and maintain a sufficient number of employees in light of its contemplated operations;
(j) allocate fairly and reasonably the salaries of and the expenses related to providing the benefits of officers or other employees shared with the Member, any Special Member, any Affiliate or any Manager;
(k) allocate fairly and reasonably any overhead shared with the Member, any Special Member, any Affiliate or any Manager;
(l) pay from its own bank accounts for accounting and payroll services, rent, lease and other expenses (or the Company’s allocable share of any such amounts provided by one or more other Affiliates) and not have such operating expenses (or the Company’s allocable share thereof) paid by any Affiliates, provided, that the Member shall be permitted to pay the initial organization expenses of the Company and certain of the expenses related to the transactions contemplated by the Basic Documents as provided therein;
(m) maintain adequate capitalization to conduct its business and affairs considering the Company’s size and the nature of its business and intended purposes and, after giving effect to the transactions contemplated by the Basic Documents, refrain from engaging in a business for which its remaining property represents an unreasonably small capital;
(n) conduct all of the Company’s business (whether in writing or orally) solely in the name of the Company through the Company’s Managers, employees, officers and agents and hold the Company out as an entity separate from any Affiliate;
(o) not make or declare any distributions of cash or property to the Member except in accordance with appropriate limited liability company formalities and only consistent with sound business judgment to the extent that it is permitted pursuant to the Basic Documents and not violative of any applicable law;
(p) otherwise practice and adhere to all limited liability company procedures and formalities to the extent required by this Agreement, all other appropriate constituent documents or applicable law;
(q) not appoint an Affiliate or any employee of an Affiliate as an agent of the Company, except as otherwise permitted in the Basic Documents (although such Persons can qualify as a Manager or as an officer of the Company);
(r) not acquire obligations or securities of or make loans or advances to or pledge its assets for the benefit of the Member or any Affiliate;
(s) not permit the Member or any Affiliate to acquire obligations of or make loans or advances to the Company;
(t) except as expressly provided in the Basic Documents, not permit the Member or any Affiliate to guarantee, pay or become liable for the debts of the Company nor permit any such Person to hold out its creditworthiness as being available to pay the liabilities and expenses of the Company nor, except for the indemnities in this Agreement and the other Basic Documents, indemnify any Person for losses resulting therefrom;
(u) maintain separate minutes of the actions of the Member and the Managers, including the transactions contemplated by the Basic Documents;
(v) cause (i) all written and oral communications, including letters, invoices, purchase orders, and contracts, of the Company to be made solely in the name of the Company, (ii) the Company to have its own tax identification number (to the extent not inconsistent with applicable federal tax law), stationery, checks and business forms, separate from those of any Affiliate, (iii) all Affiliates not to use the stationery or business forms of the Company, and cause the Company not to use the stationery or business forms of any Affiliate, and (iv) all Affiliates not to conduct business in the name of the Company, and cause the Company not to conduct business in the name of any Affiliate;
(w) direct creditors of the Company to send invoices and other statements of account of the Company directly to the Company and not to any Affiliate and cause the Affiliates to direct their creditors not to send invoices and other statements of accounts of such Affiliates to the Company;
(x) cause the Member to maintain as official records all resolutions, agreements, and other instruments underlying or regarding the transactions contemplated by the Basic Documents;
(y) disclose, and cause the Member to disclose, in its financial statements the effects of all transactions between the Member and the Company in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and in a manner which makes it clear that (i) the Company is a separate legal entity, (ii) the assets of the Company (including Storm Recovery Property transferred to the Company pursuant to a Sale Agreement) are not assets of any Affiliate and are not available to pay creditors of any Affiliate, and (iii) neither the Member nor any other Affiliate is liable or responsible for the debts of the Company;
(z) treat and cause the Member to treat the transfer of Storm Recovery Property from the Member to the Company as a sale under state law (except for financial reporting and tax purposes);
(aa) except as described herein with respect to tax purposes and financial reporting, describe and cause each Affiliate to describe the Company, and hold the Company out, as a separate legal entity and not as a division or department of any Affiliate, and promptly correct any known misunderstanding regarding the Company’s identity separate from any Affiliate or any Person;
(bb) so long as any Series of Storm Recovery Bonds are outstanding, treat such Storm Recovery Bonds as debt for all purposes and specifically as debt of the Company, other than for financial reporting, state or federal regulatory or tax purposes;
(cc) solely for purposes of federal taxes and, to the extent consistent with applicable state, local and other tax law, solely for purposes of state, local and other taxes, so long as any Series of Storm Recovery Bonds are outstanding, treat such Storm Recovery Bonds as indebtedness of the Member secured by the applicable Storm Recovery Bond Collateral unless otherwise required by appropriate taxing authorities;
(dd) file its own tax returns, if any, as may be required under applicable law, to the extent (i) not part of a consolidated group filing a consolidated return or returns or (ii) not treated as a division for tax purposes of another taxpayer, and pay any taxes so required to be paid under applicable law;
(ee) maintain its valid existence in good standing under the laws of the State of Louisiana (until dissolution under Section 9.02) and maintain its qualification to do business under the laws of such other jurisdictions as its operations require;
(ff) not form, or cause to be formed, any subsidiaries;
(gg) comply with all laws applicable to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the other Basic Documents; and
(hh) cause the Member and the Managers to observe in all material respects all limited liability company procedures and formalities, if any, required by its constituent documents and the laws of its state of formation and all other appropriate jurisdictions.
SECTION 1.08 Limitation on Certain Activities. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Agreement, the Company, and the Member or Managers on behalf of the Company, shall not:
(a) engage in any business or activity other than as set forth in Article I hereof;
(b) without the affirmative vote of its Member and the affirmative vote of all Managers, including all Independent Managers then serving, as authorized by La. R.S. 45:1228(D)(2) and Ordering Paragraph 38 of the Financing Order issued April 1, 2022 in the Company’s Docket No. U-35807, (i) file a voluntary petition for relief under the Bankruptcy Code or similar law, (ii) file a petition or answer seeking reorganization, arrangement, composition, readjustment of debt or similar relief under any statute, law or regulation, or the appointment of a receiver, assignee, trustee, custodian, sequestrator or other similar official of the Company or any substantial part of the property of the Company, (iii) file an answer or other pleading admitting or failing to contest the material allegations of a petition filed against it in any proceeding seeking reorganization, arrangement, composition, readjustment of debt or similar relief under any statute, law or regulation, or the entry of any order appointing a receiver, assignee, trustee, custodian, sequestrator or other similar official of the Company or any substantial part of the property of the Company, (iv) make a general assignment for the benefit of creditors, (v) file or otherwise initiate the filing of a motion in any bankruptcy or other insolvency proceeding in which the Member or any of its Affiliates is a debtor to substantively consolidate the assets and liabilities of any such debtor with the assets and liabilities of the Company, or (vi) take any company action in furtherance of any voluntary bankruptcy filing or institution of any voluntary insolvency or bankruptcy proceeding;
(c) without the affirmative vote of all Managers under Section 6.05(b), including all Independent Managers, and then only to the extent permitted by the applicable Basic Documents, convert, merge or consolidate with any other Person or sell, mortgage, pledge or otherwise transfer all or substantially all of its assets or acquire all or substantially all of the assets or capital stock or other ownership interest of any other Person;
(d) take any action, file any tax return, or make any election inconsistent with the treatment of the Company, for purposes of federal income taxes and, to the extent consistent with applicable state tax law, state income and franchise tax purposes, as a disregarded entity that is not separate from the Member;
(e) incur any indebtedness or assume or guarantee any indebtedness of any Person (other than the indebtedness incurred under the Basic Documents);
(f) issue any bonds other than the initial Series of Storm Recovery Bonds contemplated by the initial Basic Documents, or issue additional Series of Storm Recovery Bonds pursuant to a subsequent Financing Order unless the Additional Series Conditions are satisfied; or
(g) to the fullest extent permitted by law, without the affirmative vote of its Member and the affirmative vote of all Managers as provided in Section 9.02, including all Independent Managers, institute, execute, consent to or acquiesce in any dissolution, liquidation, or winding up of the Company.
So long as any of the Storm Recovery Bonds are outstanding, the Company and the Member shall give written notice to each applicable Rating Agency of any action described in clause (b), (c), or (g) of this Section 1.08 which is taken by or on behalf of the Company with the required affirmative vote of the Member and all Managers as therein described.
It is the fiduciary duty of each Manager, including each Independent Manager, to maintain the bankruptcy remoteness of the Company and the separateness of the Company and the Member. A Manager, including each Independent Manager, shall have no personal liability to the Member or any Special Member for monetary damages for breach of any fiduciary duty provided for in La. R.S. 12:1314, except liability solely for the amount of a financial benefit received by such Manager to which he or she is not entitled or for an intentional violation of a criminal law.
For purposes of this Section 1.08, “Additional Series Conditions” means, with respect to any additional Series of Storm Recovery Bonds issued subsequent to the initial Series of Storm Recovery Bonds pursuant to a subsequent Financing Order, the following additional conditions:
(i) | Cleco Power LLC requests and receives a subsequent Financing Order from the LPSC to recover additional storm recovery costs through the issuance by the Company of an additional Series of Storm Recovery Bonds; |
(ii) | Cleco Power LLC must serve as the initial servicer and administrator for such additional Series of Storm Recovery Bonds and the servicer and administrator cannot be replaced without the requisite approval of the holders of all Series of Storm Recovery Bonds issued by the Company then-outstanding, including the initial Series of Storm Recovery Bonds if then-outstanding; |
(iii) | The satisfaction of the Rating Agency Condition; |
(iv) | Each additional Series of Storm Recovery Bonds has recourse only to the Storm Recovery Property created by the applicable subsequent Financing Order for such Series and funds on deposit in the trust accounts held by the Indenture Trustee with respect to such additional Series of Storm Recovery Bonds, is nonrecourse to the Storm Recovery Property securing any other Series of Storm Recovery Bonds and does not constitute a claim against the Company if revenue from the Storm Recovery Charges relating to such other Series of Storm Recovery Bonds and funds on deposit in the trust accounts with respect to such other Series of Storm Recovery Bonds are insufficient to pay such other Series of Storm Recovery Bonds in full; |
(v) | The Company has provided to the Indenture Trustee and the Rating Agencies then rating any Series of outstanding Storm Recovery Bonds an opinion of a nationally recognized law firm experienced in such matters to the effect that such issuance of additional Series of the Storm Recovery Bonds would not result in the Company’s substantive consolidation with Cleco Power LLC and that there has been a true sale of the Storm Recovery Property for such additional Series of Storm Recovery Bonds, subject to the customary exceptions, qualifications and assumptions contained therein; |
(vi) | The transaction documents for the additional Series of Storm Recovery Bonds provide that the Indenture Trustee on behalf of holders of such additional Series of Storm Recovery Bonds will not file or join in filing of any bankruptcy petition against the Company; |
(vii) | If holders of such additional Series of Storm Recovery Bonds are deemed to have any interest in any of the collateral dedicated to the Storm Recovery Bonds, holders of such additional Series of Storm Recovery Bonds must agree that their interest in the collateral dedicated to the additional Series of Storm Recovery Bonds is only a first priority perfected interest in the assets relating to such additional Series of Storm Recovery Bonds, as the case may be; |
(viii) | Each additional Series of Storm Recovery Bonds will have its own bank accounts or trust accounts and funds for each Series of Storm Recovery Bonds shall be remitted in accordance with the related Servicing Agreement and related intercreditor agreement; |
(ix) | No additional Series of Storm Recovery Bonds will be issued under the Indenture governing the initial Series of Storm Recovery Bonds; and |
(x) | Each additional Series of Storm Recovery Bonds will bear its own pro rata portion of trustee fees, servicer fees and administration fees. |
SECTION 1.09 No State Law Partnership. No provision of this Agreement shall be deemed or construed to constitute a partnership (including a limited partnership) or joint venture, or to constitute the Member or any Special Member as a partner or joint venturer of or with any Manager or the Company, for any purposes.
ARTICLE II
CAPITAL
SECTION 2.01 Initial Capital. The initial capital of the Company shall be the sum of cash contributed to the Company by the Member (the “Capital Contribution”) in the amount set out opposite the name of the Member on Schedule A hereto, as amended from time to time and incorporated herein by this reference.
SECTION 2.02 Additional Capital Contributions. The assets of the Company are expected to generate a return sufficient to satisfy all obligations of the Company under this Agreement and the other Basic Documents and any other obligations of the Company. It is expected that no capital contributions to the Company will be necessary after the purchase of the initial Storm Recovery Property, except for capital contributions in connection with the issuance of any additional Series of Storm Recovery Bonds. On or prior to the date of issuance of each Series of the Storm Recovery Bonds, the Member shall make an additional contribution to the Company in an amount equal to at least 0.50% of the initial principal amount of such Series of the Storm Recovery Bonds (or such other amount required or permitted by any Financing Order) or such greater amount as agreed to by the Member in connection with the issuance by the Company of any Series of the Storm Recovery Bonds which amount the Company, in accordance with the applicable Indenture, shall deposit into the Capital Subaccount (as defined in such Indenture) established by the Indenture Trustee under such Indenture. No capital contribution by the Member to the Company will be made for the purpose of mitigating losses on the applicable Storm Recovery Property that has previously been transferred to the Company and all capital contributions shall be made in accordance with all applicable limited liability company procedures and requirements, including proper record keeping by the Managers and the Company. Each capital contribution will be acknowledged by a written receipt signed by any one of the Managers. The Member and the Managers acknowledge and agree that, notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, such additional contribution will be managed by an investment manager selected by the Indenture Trustee under the applicable Indenture who shall invest such amounts only in specified eligible investments, and all income earned thereon shall be allocated or paid by such Indenture Trustee in accordance with the provisions of such Indenture.
SECTION 2.03 Capital Account. A Capital Account shall be established and maintained for the Member on the Company’s books (the “Capital Account”).
SECTION 2.04 Interest. No interest shall be paid or credited to the Member on its Capital Account or upon any undistributed profits left on deposit with the Company. Except as provided herein or by law, the Member shall have no right to demand or receive the return of its Capital Contribution. Except as required by law, a Special Member shall have no right to demand or receive the return of his or her Capital Contribution or the value thereof.
ARTICLE III
ALLOCATIONS; BOOKS
SECTION 3.01 Allocations of Income and Loss.
(a) Book Allocations. The net income and net loss of the Company shall be allocated entirely to the Member.
(b) Tax Allocations. Because the Company is not making (and will not make) an election to be treated as an association taxable as a corporation under Section 301.7701-3(a) of the Internal Revenue Service Treasury Regulations, and because the Company is a business entity that has a single owner and is not a corporation, it is expected to be disregarded as an entity separate from its owner for federal income tax purposes under Section 301.7701-3(b)(1) of the Internal Revenue Service Treasury Regulations. Accordingly, all items of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit of the Company for all taxable periods will be treated for federal income tax purposes, and for state and local income and other tax purposes to the extent permitted by applicable law, as realized or incurred directly by the Member. To the extent not so permitted, all items of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit of the Company shall be allocated entirely to the Member as permitted by applicable tax law, and the Member shall pay (or indemnify the Company, each Indenture Trustee and each of their officers, managers, employees or agents for, and defend and hold harmless each such person from and against its payment of) any taxes levied or assessed upon all or any part of the Company’s property or assets based on existing law as of the date hereof, including any sales, gross receipts, general corporation, personal property, privilege, franchise or license taxes (but excluding any taxes imposed as a result of a failure of such person to properly withhold or remit taxes imposed with respect to payments on any Storm Recovery Bond). Each Indenture Trustee (on behalf of the applicable Secured Parties) shall be a third party beneficiary of the Member’s obligations set forth in this Section 3.01, it being understood that bondholders shall be entitled to enforce their rights against the Member under this Section 3.01 solely through a cause of action brought for their benefit by the Indenture Trustee under the applicable Indenture.
SECTION 3.02 Company to be Disregarded for Tax Purposes. The Company shall comply with the applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code and the applicable Internal Revenue Service Treasury Regulations thereunder in the manner necessary to effect the intention of the parties that the Company be treated, for federal income tax purposes, as a disregarded entity that is not separate from the Member pursuant to Internal Revenue Service Treasury Regulations Section 301.7701-1 et seq. and that the Company be accorded such treatment until its dissolution pursuant to Article IX hereof and shall take all actions, and shall refrain from taking any action, required by the Internal Revenue Code or Internal Revenue Service Treasury Regulations thereunder in order to maintain such status of the Company. In addition, for federal income tax purposes, the Company may not claim any credit on, or make any deduction from the principal or premium, if any, or interest payable in respect of, the Storm Recovery Bonds (other than amounts properly withheld from such payments under the Internal Revenue Code or other tax laws) or assert any claim against any present or former bondholder by reason of the payment of the taxes levied or assessed upon any part of the Storm Recovery Bond Collateral.
SECTION 3.03 Books of Account; Fiscal Year.
(a) Books of Account. At all times during the continuance of the Company, the Company shall maintain or cause to be maintained full, true, complete and correct books of account in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. In addition, the Company shall keep all records required to be kept pursuant to the LLC Law, including those listed in La. R.S. 12:1319.
(b) Fiscal Year. The Company shall use the accounting year and taxable year of the Member. At the time of execution of this Agreement, the accounting year and taxable year of the Member is the calendar year.
SECTION 3.04 Access to Accounting Records. All books and records of the Company shall be maintained at any office of the Company or at the Company’s principal place of business, and the Member, and its duly authorized representative, shall have access to them at such office of the Company and the right to inspect and copy them at reasonable times.
SECTION 3.05 Annual Tax Information. The Managers shall cause the Company to deliver to the Member all information necessary for the preparation of the Member’s federal income tax return.
SECTION 3.06 Internal Revenue Service Communications. The Member shall communicate and negotiate with the Internal Revenue Service on any federal tax matter on behalf of the Member and the Company.
ARTICLE IV
MEMBER
SECTION 4.01 Powers. Subject to the provisions of this Agreement and the LLC Law, the Company shall be managed by or under the authority of the Managers. Without prejudice to such general powers granted to the Managers, it is hereby expressly declared that the Member shall have the power to select and remove the Managers and all officers, agents and employees of the Company, prescribe such powers and duties for them as may be consistent with the LLC Law and other applicable law and this Agreement, fix their compensation, and require from them security for faithful service; provided, that prior to issuance of the initial Series of Storm Recovery Bonds, the Member shall appoint at least one Independent Manager, and thereafter, except as provided in Section 7.06, at all times the Company shall have at least one Independent Manager until all of the Storm Recovery Bonds and all Financing Costs have been paid in full. The initial Independent Manager shall be added to Schedule B hereto as provided in Section 7.01(a) upon the execution and delivery of the Amended and Restated Management Agreement in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A; no further action is required regarding the appointment of such Independent Manager.
SECTION 4.02 Other Ventures. Subject to the limitations imposed on Independent Managers set forth in Article VII, it is expressly agreed that the Member, the Managers and any Affiliates, officers, directors, managers, members, stockholders, partners or employees of the Member, may engage in other business ventures of any nature and description, whether or not in competition with the Company, independently or with others, and the Company shall not have any rights in and to any independent venture or activity or the income or profits derived therefrom.
SECTION 4.03 Actions by the Member. All actions of the Member may be taken by written resolution of the Member which shall be signed on behalf of the Member by an authorized officer of the Member and filed with the records of the Company.
SECTION 4.04 Certificates for Membership Interest. The Membership Interests shall not be represented by any certificate of membership or other evidence of membership other than the Articles of Organization and this Agreement.
SECTION 4.05 Restrictions on the Member. The Member shall not apply for judicial dissolution of the Company, and the Member is not permitted to and shall not withdraw from or otherwise cease to be a member of the Company for any reason whatsoever, including that the Member itself shall not dissolve or otherwise terminate its legal existence, unless an acceptable new member of the Company is substituted for the Member in compliance with the Basic Documents, the Securitization Act and each applicable Financing Order, until all of the Storm Recovery Bonds and all Financing Costs have been paid in full.
ARTICLE V
OFFICERS
SECTION 5.01 Designation; Term; Qualifications.
(a) Officers. The Managers may, from time to time, designate one or more Persons to be officers of the Company. Any officer so designated shall have such title and authority and perform such duties as the Managers may, from time to time, delegate to them. Each officer shall hold office for the term for which such officer is designated and until its successor shall be duly designated and shall qualify or until its death, resignation or removal as provided in this Agreement. Any Person may hold any number of offices. No officer need be a Manager, a Louisiana resident, or a United States citizen. The Member hereby appoints the Persons identified on Schedule C to be the initial officers of the Company.
(b) President. The President shall be the chief executive officer of the Company, shall preside at all meetings of the Managers, shall be responsible for the general and active management of the business of the Company and shall see that all orders and resolutions of the Managers are carried into effect. The President or any other officer authorized by the President or the Managers may execute all contracts, except: (i) where required or permitted by law or this Agreement to be otherwise signed and executed, including Section 1.08; and (ii) where signing and execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Managers to some other officer or agent of the Company.
(c) Vice President. In the absence of the President or in the event of the President’s inability to act, the Vice President, if any (or in the event there be more than one Vice President, the Vice Presidents in the order designated by the Managers, or in the absence of any designation, then in the order of their election), shall perform the duties of the President, and when so acting, shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the President. The Vice Presidents, if any, shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Managers may from time to time prescribe.
(d) Secretary and Assistant Secretary. The Secretary shall be responsible for filing legal documents and maintaining records for the Company. The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the Managers and record all proceedings of the meetings of the Company and of the Managers in a book to be kept for that purpose and shall perform like duties for the standing committees when required. The Secretary shall give, or shall cause to be given, notice of all meetings of the Member, if any, and special meetings of the Managers, and shall perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Managers or the President, under whose supervision the Secretary shall serve. The Assistant Secretary, or if there be more than one, the Assistant Secretaries in the order determined by the Managers (or if there be no such determination, then in order of their designation), may, and shall in the absence of the Secretary or in the event of the Secretary’s inability to act, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Secretary and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Managers may from time to time prescribe.
(e) Treasurer and Assistant Treasurer. The Treasurer shall have charge and custody of, and be responsible for, all funds, securities, receipts and disbursements of the Company, and shall deposit or cause to be deposited all moneys and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the Company in such banks, trust companies or other depositories as shall, from time to time, be designated by the Managers, or by the Treasurer if so authorized by the Managers. The Treasurer shall render or cause to be rendered to the President and the Managers, whenever requested, an account of all of the Treasurer’s transactions and of the financial condition of the Company. The Treasurer shall perform such other duties as may be assigned from time to time by the President or the Managers. The Assistant Treasurer, or if there shall be more than one, the Assistant Treasurers in the order determined by the Managers (or if there be no such determination, then in the order of their designation), shall, in the absence of the Treasurer or in the event of the Treasurer’s inability to act, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Treasurer and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Managers may from time to time prescribe.
(f) Tax Officer. One or more Tax Officers shall have the authority to communicate with the Internal Revenue Service and with state and local tax authorities, may sign tax returns, shall pay or cause to be paid taxes and shall have the authority to settle tax liabilities in the name or on behalf of the Company.
(g) Officers as Agents. The officers of the Company, to the extent their powers as set forth in this Agreement or otherwise vested in them by action of the Managers are not inconsistent with this Agreement, are agents of the Company for the purpose of the Company’s business and, subject to Section 1.08, the actions of the officers taken in accordance with such powers shall bind the Company.
(h) Duties of Managers and Officers. Except to the extent otherwise provided herein, each Manager and officer of the Company shall have a fiduciary duty of loyalty to the Company to act in a manner which such Manager or officer reasonably believes to be in the best interests of the Company and to act in good faith and with the duty of care established by the LLC Law.
SECTION 5.02 Removal and Resignation. Any officer of the Company may be removed as such, with or without cause, by the Managers at any time. Any officer of the Company may resign as such at any time upon written notice to the Company. Such resignation shall be made in writing and shall take effect at the time specified therein or, if no time is specified therein, at the time of its receipt by the Managers.
SECTION 5.03 Vacancies. Any vacancy occurring in any office of the Company may be filled by the Managers.
SECTION 5.04 Reimbursement of Expenses. The officers of the Company will not receive compensation from the Company for their services. To the extent permitted by applicable law, the Company may reimburse any officer of the Company, directly or indirectly, for reasonable out-of-pocket expenses prudently incurred by such officer in connection with his or her services rendered to the Company. Such reimbursement shall be determined by the Managers without regard to the income of the Company, shall not be deemed to constitute distributions to the recipient of any profit, loss or capital of the Company and shall be considered a fixed Operating Expense of the Company subject to the limitations on such expenses set forth in each applicable Financing Order.
ARTICLE VI
MEMBERSHIP INTEREST
SECTION 6.01 General. “Membership Interest” means all of the limited liability company interest of the Member in the Company. The Membership Interest constitutes movable (personal) property and, subject to Section 6.06, shall be freely transferable and assignable in whole but not in part upon registration of such transfer and assignment on the books of the Company in accordance with the procedures established for such purpose by the Managers of the Company.
SECTION 6.02 Distributions. The Member shall be entitled to receive, out of the assets of the Company legally available therefor, distributions payable in cash in such amounts, if any, as the Managers shall declare. Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the Company shall not be required to make a distribution to the Member on account of its interest in the Company if such distribution would violate La. R.S. 12:1327 or any other applicable law or any Basic Document.
SECTION 6.03 Rights on Liquidation, Dissolution or Winding Up.
(a) In the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, subject to orders of the LPSC, the Member shall be entitled to all remaining assets of the Company available for distribution to the Member after satisfaction (whether by payment or reasonable provision for payment) of all liabilities, debts and obligations of the Company.
(b) Neither the sale of all or substantially all of the property or business of the Company, nor the merger or consolidation of the Company into or with another Person or other entity, shall be deemed to be a dissolution, liquidation or winding up, voluntary or involuntary, for the purpose of this Section 6.03.
SECTION 6.04 Redemption. The Membership Interest shall not be redeemable.
SECTION 6.05 Voting Rights.
(a) Subject to the terms of this Agreement, the Member shall have the sole right to vote on all matters as to which members of a limited liability company shall be entitled to vote pursuant to the LLC Law and other applicable law, except as provided in paragraph (b) below.
(b) The Managers may approve the following matters, without the requirement of a vote or approval of the Members:
(i) the pledge or other transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company pursuant to the Basic Documents;
(ii) the incurrence of indebtedness by the Company pursuant to the Basic Documents; and
(iii) the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Basic Documents.
SECTION 6.06 Transfer of Membership Interests.
(a) The Member may transfer its Membership Interest, in whole but not in part, but the transferee shall not be admitted as a Member except in accordance with Section 6.07. Until the transferee is admitted as a Member, the Member shall continue to be the sole member of the Company (subject to Section 1.02) and to be entitled to exercise any rights or powers of a Member of the Company with respect to the Membership Interest transferred.
(b) To the fullest extent permitted by law, any purported transfer of any Membership Interest in violation of the provisions of this Agreement shall be wholly void and shall not effectuate the transfer contemplated thereby. Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary and to the fullest extent permitted by law, the Member may not transfer any Membership Interest in violation of any provision of this Agreement or of any other Basic Document or in violation of any applicable federal or state securities laws.
SECTION 6.07 Admission of Transferee as Member.
(a) A transferee of a Membership Interest desiring to be admitted as a Member must execute a counterpart of, or an agreement adopting, this Agreement and, except as permitted by paragraph (b) below, shall not be admitted without unanimous affirmative vote of the Managers, which vote must include the affirmative vote of all of the Independent Managers. Upon admission of the transferee as a Member, the transferee shall have the rights, powers and duties and shall be subject to the restrictions and liabilities of the Member under this Agreement and the LLC Law. The transferee shall also be liable, to the extent of the Membership Interest transferred, for the unfulfilled obligations, if any, of the transferor Member to make capital contributions to the Company, but shall not be obligated for liabilities unknown to the transferee at the time such transferee was admitted as a Member and that could not be ascertained from this Agreement. Except as set forth in paragraph (b) below, whether or not the transferee of a Membership Interest becomes a Member, the Member transferring the Membership Interest is not released from any liability to the Company under this Agreement or the LLC Law.
(b) The approval of the Managers, including the Independent Managers, shall not be required for the transfer of the Membership Interest from the Member to any successor pursuant to the terms of a Sale Agreement or the admission of such Person as a Member, subject to the satisfaction of the condition in Section 1.02(c) hereof. Once the transferee of a Membership Interest pursuant to this paragraph (b) becomes a Member, the prior Member shall be released from any liability to the Company under this Agreement and the LLC Law.
ARTICLE VII
MANAGERS
SECTION 7.01 Managers.
(a) Subject to Sections 1.08 and 4.01, the business and affairs of the Company shall be managed by or under the direction of two or more Managers designated by the Member. Subject to the terms of this Agreement, the Member may determine at any time in its sole and absolute discretion the number of Managers. Subject in all cases to the terms of this Agreement, the authorized number of Managers may be increased or decreased by the Member at any time in its sole and absolute discretion, upon notice to all Managers; provided, that, except as provided in Section 7.06, no later than the issuance of the initial Series of Storm Recovery Bonds, the Member shall appoint an Independent Manager and the Company shall thereafter have an Independent Manager at all times until all of the Storm Recovery Bonds and all Financing Costs have been paid in full. The initial number of Managers shall be four. Each Manager designated by the Member shall hold office until a successor is elected and qualified or until such Manager’s earlier death, resignation, expulsion or removal. Each Manager, including any Independent Manager, shall execute and deliver the Amended and Restated Management Agreement in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A. Managers need not be a Member. The initial Managers designated by the Member are listed on Schedule B hereto. The initial Independent Manager will be appointed and added to Schedule B no later than the issuance of the initial Series of Storm Recovery Bonds, and at such time the number of Managers shall be changed to five (without the need to amend this Agreement). Each Manager, including each Independent Manager, is hereby deemed to be a “manager” within the meaning of La. R.S. 12:1301(12).
(b) Each Manager shall be designated by the Member and shall hold office for the term for which designated (or, if no term is designated, for the duration provided in paragraph (a) above) and until a successor has been designated.
(c) The Managers shall be obliged to devote only as much of their time to the Company’s business as shall be reasonably required in light of the Company’s business and objectives. A Manager shall perform his or her duties as a Manager in good faith, in a manner he or she reasonably believes to be in the best interests of the Company, and with such care as an ordinarily prudent Person in a like position would use under similar circumstances.
(d) Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, the Managers shall act by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Managers at a meeting or as provided in paragraph (e) below. Each Manager shall have the authority to sign duly authorized agreements and other instruments on behalf of the Company without the joinder of any other Manager.
(e) Subject to the terms of this Agreement, any action may be taken by the Managers without a meeting and without prior notice if authorized by the written consent of a majority of the Managers (or such greater number as is required by this Agreement), which written consent shall be filed with the records of the Company.
(f) Subject to Section 7.10, every Manager is an agent of the Company for the purpose of its business, and the act of every Manager, including the execution in the Company name of any instrument for carrying on the business of the Company, binds the Company, unless such act is in contravention of this Agreement or unless the Manager so acting otherwise lacks the authority to act for the Company and the Person with whom he or she is dealing has knowledge of the fact that he or she has no such authority.
SECTION 7.02 Powers of the Managers
(a) Subject to the terms of this Agreement, the Managers may exercise all powers of the Company and do all such lawful acts and things as are not prohibited by the LLC Law, other applicable law or this Agreement and shall have the right and authority to conduct, manage and control the affairs and business of the Company, and to make such rules and regulations therefor consistent with the LLC Law and other applicable law and this Agreement, including, without limitation, the right and authority to take all actions which the Managers deem incidental, necessary, suitable or convenient for the day-to-day management and conduct of the Company’s business. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Managers shall have the right and authority to change the registered agent and registered office of the Company in Louisiana from one location to another; and subject to Section 1.07(a), to fix and locate from time to time one or more other offices of the Company within or without the State of Louisiana for the conduct of the business of the Company. All duly authorized instruments, contracts, agreements and documents providing for the acquisition or disposition of property of the Company shall be valid and binding on the Company if executed by one or more of the Managers. The Managers are authorized to approve the matters specified in Section 6.05(b) without the requirement of a vote or approval of the Member.
(b) The Independent Managers may not delegate their duties, authorities or responsibilities hereunder. If any Independent Manager resigns, dies or becomes incapacitated, or such position is otherwise vacant, no action requiring the unanimous affirmative vote of the Managers shall be taken until a successor Independent Manager is appointed by the Member and qualifies and approves such action.
(c) Except as provided in this Agreement, including Section 1.08, in exercising their rights and performing their duties under this Agreement, any Independent Manager shall have a fiduciary duty of loyalty to the Company to act in a manner which such Independent Manager reasonably believes to be in the best interests of the Company and to act in good faith and with the duty of care established by the LLC Law.
(d) No Independent Manager shall at any time serve as trustee in bankruptcy for any Affiliate of the Company.
SECTION 7.03 Compensation, Reimbursement of Expenses
(a) The Company shall pay each Independent Manager an annual fee in an amount to $5,000.00 or such other amount as shall be determined from time to time by the Managers other than the Independent Managers (the “Independent Manager Fee”), including by contract between the Company and any Independent Manager. Such fees shall be determined without regard to the income of the Company, shall not be deemed to constitute distributions to the recipient of any profit, loss or capital of the Company and shall be considered a fixed Operating Expense of the Company subject to the limitations on such expenses set forth in the Financing Order.
(b) Except as provided above in Section 7.03(a), the Managers will not receive compensation from the Company for their services. To the extent permitted by applicable law, the Company may reimburse any Manager, directly or indirectly, for reasonable out-of-pocket expenses prudently incurred by such Manager in connection with his or her services rendered to the Company. Such reimbursement shall be determined by the Managers without regard to the income of the Company, shall not be deemed to constitute distributions to the recipient of any profit, loss or capital of the Company and shall be considered a fixed Operating Expense of the Company subject to the limitations on such expenses set forth in the Financing Order.
SECTION 7.04 Removal of Managers.
(a) Subject to Section 4.01 and 7.05, the Member may remove any Manager with or without cause at any time, whether at a meeting called expressly for that purpose or by any other method allowed for Member action.
(b) Subject to Sections 4.01 and 7.05, any removal of a Manager shall become effective on such date as may be specified by the Member and in a notice delivered to any remaining Managers or the Manager designated to replace the removed Manager (except that it shall not be effective on a date earlier than the date such notice is delivered to the remaining or newly-elected Manager).
SECTION 7.05 Resignation of Manager. A Manager, other than an Independent Manager, may resign as a Manager at any time by 30 days’ prior written notice to the Member. An Independent Manager may not withdraw or resign as a Manager of the Company without the consent of the Member. No resignation or removal of an Independent Manager, and no appointment of a successor Independent Manager, shall be effective until such successor (i) shall have accepted his or her appointment as an Independent Manager by a written instrument, which may be a counterpart signature page to the Amended and Restated Management Agreement, and (ii) shall have executed a counterpart to this Agreement.
SECTION 7.06 Vacancies. Subject to Section 4.01, any vacancies among the Managers shall be filled by the Member in its discretion. In the event of a vacancy in the position of Independent Manager, the Member shall, as soon as practicable, appoint a successor Independent Manager. The Managers shall have no right to fill any vacancies in the Board of Managers.
SECTION 7.07 Meetings of the Managers. The Managers may hold meetings, both regular and special, within or outside the State of Louisiana. Regular meetings of the Managers may be held without notice at such time and at such place as shall from time to time be determined by the Managers. Special meetings of the Managers may be called by the President on not less than one day’s notice to each Manager by telephone, facsimile, email, mail, telegram or any other means of communication, and special meetings shall be called by the President or Secretary in like manner and with like notice upon the written request of any one or more of the Managers.
SECTION 7.08 Electronic Communications. The Managers, or any committee designated by the Managers, may participate in meetings of the Managers, or any committee, by means of telephone conference, internet conferencing software, or similar communications equipment that allows all Persons participating in the meeting to hear each other, and such participation in a meeting shall constitute presence in Person at the meeting. If all the participants are participating by telephone conference, internet conferencing software, or similar communications equipment, the meeting shall be deemed to be held at the principal place of business of the Company.
SECTION 7.09 Committees of Managers.
(a) The Managers may, by resolution passed by a majority of the Managers, designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the Managers. The Managers may designate one or more Managers as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee.
(b) In the absence or disqualification of a member of a committee, the member or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not such members constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another Manager to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member.
(c) Any such committee, to the extent provided in a resolution of the Managers, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the Managers in the management of the business and affairs of the Company. Such committee or committees shall have such name or names as may be determined from time to time by resolution adopted by the Managers. Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its meetings and report the same to the Board of Managers at its next official meeting.
SECTION 7.10 Limitations on Independent Managers as Agents. All rights, powers and authority of the Independent Managers shall be limited to those that are necessary to exercise those rights and perform those duties specifically set forth in this Agreement.
ARTICLE VIII
EXPENSES
SECTION 8.01 Expenses. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement or the other Basic Documents, the Company shall be responsible for all expenses and the allocation thereof, including without limitation:
(a) all expenses incurred by the Member or its Affiliates in organizing the Company;
(b) all expenses related to the business of the Company and all routine administrative expenses of the Company, including the maintenance of books and records of the Company, the preparation and dispatch to the Member of checks, financial reports, tax returns and notices required pursuant to this Agreement;
(c) all expenses incurred in connection with any litigation or arbitration involving the Company (including the cost of any investigation and preparation) and the amount of any judgment or settlement paid in connection therewith;
(d) all expenses for indemnity or contribution payable by the Company to any Person;
(e) all expenses incurred in connection with the collection of amounts due to the Company from any Person;
(f) all expenses incurred in connection with the preparation of amendments to this Agreement;
(g) all expenses incurred in connection with the liquidation, dissolution and winding up of the Company; and
(h) all expenses otherwise allocated in good faith to the Company by the Managers.
ARTICLE IX
PERPETUAL EXISTENCE; DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION AND WINDING-UP
SECTION 9.01 Existence.
(a) The Company shall have a perpetual existence. So long as any of the Storm Recovery Bonds shall remain outstanding, the Member shall not be entitled to consent to the dissolution of the Company.
(b) Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement, the bankruptcy of the Member or Special Member will not cause such Member or Special Member to cease to be a member of the Company, and upon the occurrence of such an event, the business of the Company shall continue without dissolution. Upon the occurrence of any event that causes the last remaining Member of the Company to cease to be a member of the Company, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the Personal Representative of such member is hereby authorized to and shall continue the Company in conjunction with the Special Members as provided in Section 1.02(b) and promptly and in any event within 90 days after the occurrence of the event that terminated the continued membership of such member in the Company, shall seek the admission of the Personal Representative or its nominee or designee, as the case may be, as a substitute member of the Company, effective as of the occurrence of the event that terminated the continued membership of the last remaining member of the Company in the Company.
SECTION 9.02 Dissolution. The Company shall be dissolved and its affairs shall be wound up upon the occurrence of the earliest of the following events:
(a) subject to Section 1.08(f), the election to dissolve the Company made in writing by the Member and each Manager, including the Independent Managers, as permitted under the Basic Documents and after the discharge in full of all of the Storm Recovery Bonds and payment of all Financing Costs; or
(b) the entry of a decree of judicial dissolution of the Company pursuant to La. R.S. 12:1335.
The occurrence of any event that causes the last remaining Member of the Company to cease to be a Member of the Company shall not, absent the occurrence of an event specified in paragraph (a) or (b) above, cause the dissolution of the Company, which shall continue its business and existence with the admission of new members as required by Section 1.02(b).
SECTION 9.03 Accounting. In the event of the dissolution, liquidation and winding-up of the Company, a proper accounting shall be made of the Capital Account of the Member and of the net income or net loss of the Company from the date of the last previous accounting to the date of dissolution.
SECTION 9.04 Articles of Dissolution. As soon as reasonable in the Managers’ discretion following the occurrence of any of the events specified in Section 9.02 and the commencement of the winding up of the Company, the Person winding-up the business and affairs of the Company, as an authorized Person, shall cause to be executed Articles of Dissolution and file the Articles of Dissolution as required by the LLC Law.
SECTION 9.05 Winding Up. Upon the occurrence of any event specified in Section 9.02, the Company shall continue solely for the purpose of winding up its affairs in an orderly manner, liquidating its assets, and satisfying the claims of its creditors. The Managers shall be responsible for overseeing the winding-up and liquidation of the Company, shall take full account of the liabilities of the Company and its assets, and shall cause its assets to be distributed as provided in Section 9.06.
SECTION 9.06 Order of Payment of Liabilities Upon Dissolution. After determining that all debts and liabilities of the Company, including all contingent, conditional or unmatured liabilities of the Company, in the process of winding-up, including, without limitation, debts and liabilities to the Member in the event it is a creditor of the Company to the extent otherwise permitted by law, have been paid or adequately provided for, the remaining assets shall be distributed in cash or in kind to the Member, for further action as provided by orders of the LPSC.
SECTION 9.07 Limitations on Payments Made in Dissolution. Except as otherwise specifically provided in this Agreement, the Member shall only be entitled to look solely to the assets of the Company for the return of its positive Capital Account balance and shall have no recourse for its Capital Contribution and/or share of net income (upon dissolution or otherwise) against any Manager.
SECTION 9.08 Limitation on Liability. Except as otherwise provided by the LLC Law and except as otherwise characterized for tax and financial reporting purposes, the debts, obligations and liabilities of the Company, whether arising in contract, tort or otherwise, shall be solely the debts, obligations and liabilities of the Company, and no Member, Special Member or Manager shall be obligated personally for any such debt, obligation or liability of the Company solely by reason of being a Member, Special Member or a Manager. If the LLC Law is amended to authorize any further elimination or limitation of the personal liability of the Member, a Special Member or any Manager, then the liability of the Member, a Special Member or any Manager shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the LLC Law, as so amended. Any repeal or modification of this Section 9.08 by the Member shall not adversely affect any right or protection of the Member, any Special Member or any Manager under this Section 9.08 with respect to any act or omission occurring prior to the time of such repeal or modification.
SECTION 9.09 No Capital Contributions Upon Liquidation. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, upon a liquidation of the Company no Member shall have any obligation to make any contribution to the capital of the Company other than any capital contributions such Member agreed to make in accordance with this Agreement.
ARTICLE X
INDEMNIFICATION
SECTION 10.01 Indemnity. Subject to Section 10.04 hereof, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the Company shall indemnify any Person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, except an action by or in the right of the Company, by reason of the fact that such Person is or was a Manager, Member, officer, controlling Person, employee, legal representative or agent of the Company, against expenses, including attorneys’ fees, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such Person in connection with the action, suit or proceeding if such Person acted in good faith and in a manner which such Person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company, and, with respect to a criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe such Person’s conduct was unlawful; but such Person shall not be entitled to indemnification if such judgment, penalty, fine or other expense was directly caused by such Person’s fraud, gross negligence or willful misconduct.
SECTION 10.02 Indemnity for Actions By or In the Right of the Company. Subject to the provisions of Section 10.04 hereof, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the Company shall indemnify any Person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the Company to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that such Person is or was a Member, Manager, officer, controlling Person, employee, legal representative or agent of the Company, against expenses, including amounts paid in settlement and attorneys’ fees actually and reasonably incurred by such Person in connection with the defense or settlement of the actions or suit if such Person acted in good faith and in a manner which such Person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company; but such Person shall not be entitled to indemnification if such judgment, penalty, fine or other expense was directly caused by such Person’s fraud, gross negligence or willful misconduct. Indemnification may not be made for any claim, issue or matter as to which such Person has been adjudged by a court of competent jurisdiction, after exhaustion of all appeals therefrom, to be liable to the Company or for amounts paid in settlement to the Company, unless and only to the extent that the court in which the action or suit was brought or other court of competent jurisdiction determines upon application that in view of all the circumstances of the case, the Person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses as the court deems proper.
SECTION 10.03 Indemnity If Successful. To the fullest extent permitted by law, the Company shall indemnify any Person who is or was a Manager, Member, officer, controlling Person, employee, legal representative or agent of the Company, against expenses, including attorneys’ fees, actually and reasonably incurred by him or her in connection with the defense of any action, suit or proceeding referred to in Sections 10.01 and 10.02 or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, to the extent that such Person has been successful on the merits.
SECTION 10.04 Expenses. Any indemnification under Sections 10.01 and 10.02, as well as the advance payment of expenses permitted under Section 10.05 unless ordered by a court or advanced pursuant to Section 10.05 below, must be made by the Company only as authorized in the specific case upon a determination that indemnification of the Manager, Member, officer, controlling Person, employee, legal representative or agent is proper in the circumstances. The determination must be made:
(a) by the Member if the Member was not a party to the act, suit or proceeding; or
(b) if the Member was a party to the act, suit or proceeding, then by Independent legal counsel in a written opinion.
SECTION 10.05 Advance Payment of Expenses. The expenses of each Person who is or was a Manager, Member, officer, controlling Person, employee, legal representative or agent, incurred in defending a civil or criminal action, suit or proceeding may be paid by the Company as they are incurred and in advance of the final disposition of the action, suit or proceeding, upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such Person to repay the amount if it is ultimately determined by a court of competent jurisdiction that such Person is not entitled to be indemnified by the Company. The provisions of this Section 10.05 shall not affect any rights to advancement of expenses to which personnel other than the Member or the Managers (other than the Independent Managers) may be entitled under any contract or otherwise by law.
SECTION 10.06 Other Arrangements Not Excluded. The indemnification and advancement of expenses authorized in or ordered by a court pursuant to this Article X:
(a) does not exclude any other rights to which a Person seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled under any agreement, decision of the Member or otherwise, for either an action of any Person who is or was a Manager, Member, officer, controlling Person, employee, legal representative or agent, in the official capacity of such Person or an action in another capacity while holding such position, except that indemnification and advancement, unless ordered by a court pursuant to Section 10.05 above, may not be made to or on behalf of such Person if a final adjudication established that its acts or omissions involved intentional misconduct, fraud or a knowing violation of the law and were material to the cause of action; and
(b) continues for a Person who has ceased to be a Member, Manager, officer, employee, legal representative or agent and inures to the benefit of the successors, heirs, executors and administrators of such a Person.
ARTICLE XI
MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
SECTION 11.01 No Bankruptcy Petition; Dissolution.
(a) To the fullest extent permitted by law, the Member, each Special Member and each Manager hereby covenant and agree (or shall be deemed to have hereby covenanted and agreed) that, prior to the date which is one year and one day after the termination of every Indenture by the Company and the payment in full of each Series of the Storm Recovery Bonds, all Financing Costs and any other amounts owed under every Indenture by the Company, it will not acquiesce, petition or otherwise invoke or cause the Company to invoke the process of any court or Governmental Authority for the purpose of commencing or sustaining an involuntary case against the Company under any federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, custodian, sequestrator or other similar official of the Company or any substantial part of the property of the Company, or ordering the winding up or liquidation of the affairs of the Company; provided, however, that nothing in this Section 11.01 shall constitute a waiver of any right to indemnification, reimbursement or other payment from the Company pursuant to this Agreement. This Section 11.01 is not intended to apply to the filing of a voluntary bankruptcy petition on behalf of the Company which is governed by Sections 1.08 and 7.02(d) of this Agreement.
(b) To the fullest extent permitted by law, the Member, each Special Member and each Manager hereby covenants and agrees (or shall be deemed to have hereby covenanted and agreed) that, until the termination of every Indenture and the payment in full of each Series of the Storm Recovery Bonds and any other amounts owed under every Indenture, the Member, such Special Member and such Manager will not consent to, or make application for, or institute or maintain any action for, the dissolution of the Company under La. R.S. 12:1334, 12:1335, 12:1335.1 or otherwise.
(c) In the event that the Member, any Special Member or any Manager takes action in violation of this Section 11.01, the Company agrees that it shall file an answer with the court or otherwise properly contest the taking of such action and raise the defense that the Member, the Special Member or Manager, as the case may be, has agreed in writing not to take such action and should be estopped and precluded therefrom and such other defenses, if any, as its counsel advises that it may assert.
(d) The provisions of this Section 11.01 shall survive the termination of this Agreement and the resignation, withdrawal or removal of the Member, any Special Member or any Manager. Nothing herein contained shall preclude participation by the Member, any Special Member or a Manager in assertion or defense of its claims in any such proceeding involving the Company.
SECTION 11.02 Amendments.
(a) The power to alter, amend or repeal this Agreement shall be only on the written consent of the Member, provided, that:
(i) | the Company shall not alter, amend or repeal any provision of Sections 1.05, 1.07, 1.08, 3.01(b), 3.02, 4.01, 4.05, 6.06, 6.07, 7.01, 7.02, 7.05, 7.10, 9.01, 9.02, Article X, Sections 11.01, 11.02, 11.03 or 11.08 of this Agreement, or the definition of an Independent Manager contained herein, or the requirement that at all times after the appointment of the initial Independent Manager the Company have at least one Independent Manager until the payment in full of all of the Storm Recovery Bonds and all Financing Costs (collectively, the “Special Purpose Provisions”), without, in each case, the affirmative vote of a majority of the Managers, which vote must include the affirmative vote of all Independent Managers; |
(ii) | the effectiveness of any amendment of the Special Purpose Provisions shall be subject to the Rating Agency notice conditions set forth in the Basic Documents (other than an amendment which is necessary: (1) to cure any ambiguity or (2) to correct or supplement any such provision in a manner consistent with the intent of this Agreement); and |
(iii) | the Company may amend Sections 5.04 and 7.03 of this Agreement, provided that if the contemplated amendment is reasonably anticipated to increase Ongoing Financing Costs, the Company must obtain the consent of the LPSC pursuant to Section 11.03. |
(b) The Company’s power to alter or amend the Articles of Organization shall be vested in the Member. Upon obtaining the approval of any amendment, supplement or restatement as to the Articles of Organization, the Member on behalf of the Company shall cause Articles of Amendment or an Amended and Restated Articles of Organization to be prepared, executed and filed in accordance with the LLC Law.
SECTION 11.03 LPSC Condition. No amendment of Sections 5.04 or 7.03 of this Agreement that is reasonably anticipated to increase Ongoing Financing Costs shall be effective unless the process set forth in this Section 11.03 has been followed.
(a) At least 31 days prior to the effectiveness of any amendment or modification subject to this Section 11.03 and after obtaining the other necessary approvals set forth in Section 11.02 above, the Member shall have delivered to the LPSC’s Executive Secretary and Executive Counsel written notification of any proposed amendment or modification, which notification shall contain:
(i) | a reference to Docket No. U-35807; |
(ii) | an Officer’s Certificate stating that the proposed amendment or modification has been approved by the Company and the Member or the Special Member, if the Special Member has become a substitute member as provided in Section 1.02(b) hereof; and |
(iii) | a statement identifying the person to whom the LPSC or its staff is to address any response to the proposed amendment or modification or to request additional time. |
(b) | The LPSC or its staff shall, within 30 days of receiving the notification complying with Section 11.03(a) above, either: |
(i) | provide notice of its consent or lack of consent to the person specified in Section 11.03(a)(iii) above, or |
(ii) | be conclusively deemed to have consented to the proposed amendment or modification, |
unless, within 30 days of receiving the notification complying with Section 11.03(a) above, the LPSC or its staff delivers to the office of the person specified in Section 11.03(a)(iii) above a written statement requesting an additional amount of time not to exceed 30 days in which to consider whether to consent to the proposed amendment. If the LPSC or its staff requests an extension of time in the manner set forth in the preceding sentence, then the LPSC shall either provide notice of its consent or lack of consent to the person specified in Section 11.03(a)(iii) above no later than the last day of such extension of time or be conclusively deemed to have consented to the proposed amendment on the last day of such extension of time. Any amendment requiring the consent of the LPSC shall become effective on the later of (x) the date proposed by the parties to such amendment and (y) the first day after the expiration of the 30-day period provided for in this Section 11.03(b), or, if such period has been extended pursuant hereto, the first day after the expiration of such period as so extended.
(c) Following the delivery of a notice to the LPSC by the Managers under Section 11.03(a) above, the Managers shall have the right at any time to withdraw from the LPSC further consideration of any notification of a proposed amendment. Such withdrawal shall be evidenced by the prompt written notice thereof by the Managers to the LPSC, the Indenture Trustee under each Indenture then in effect and the Servicer.
SECTION 11.04 Governing Law. THE VALIDITY OF THIS AGREEMENT IS TO BE DETERMINED UNDER, AND THE PROVISIONS OF THIS AGREEMENT ARE TO BE CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF LOUISIANA, WITHOUT REFERENCE TO ITS CONFLICT OF LAW PROVISIONS.
SECTION 11.05 Headings. Article, Section and subsection headings and captions are for reference purposes only and will not be considered to affect context.
SECTION 11.06 Severability. If any part of this Agreement is found by a court of competent jurisdiction to be void, against public policy or otherwise unenforceable, that part shall be reformed by the court to the extent necessary to make such provision enforceable. If the entire provision is deemed unenforceable by the court, the provision shall be deleted. In either event, this Agreement and each of the remaining provisions of it, as so amended, shall remain in full force and effect.
SECTION 11.07 Assigns. This Agreement is to be binding upon, and inure to the benefit of, the Member and its permitted successors and assigns, and the Managers from time to time hereunder.
SECTION 11.08 Enforcement by Independent Managers. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the Member agrees that this Agreement constitutes a legal, valid and binding agreement of the Member, and is enforceable against the Member by the Independent Managers in accordance with its terms. The Independent Managers are intended beneficiaries of this Agreement.
SECTION 11.09 Benefits of Agreement; No Third-Party Rights. Except for each Indenture Trustee with respect to the Special Purpose Provisions and Persons entitled to indemnification hereunder, none of the provisions of this Agreement shall be for the benefit of or enforceable by any creditor of the Company or by any creditor of the Member or Special Member. Nothing in this Agreement shall be deemed to create any right in any Person (other than each Indenture Trustee with respect to the Special Purpose Provisions and Persons entitled to indemnification hereunder) not a party hereto, and this Agreement shall not be construed in any respect to be a contract in whole or in part for the benefit of any third Person.
SECTION 11.10 Waiver of Partition; Nature of Interest. Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, to the fullest extent permitted by law, each of the Member and the Special Members hereby irrevocably waives any right or power that such Person might have to cause the Company or any of its assets to be partitioned, to cause the appointment of a receiver for all or any portion of the assets of the Company, to compel any sale of all or any portion of the assets of the Company pursuant to any applicable law or to file a complaint or to institute any proceeding at law or in equity to cause the dissolution, liquidation, winding-up or termination of the Company. The Member shall not have any interest in any specific assets of the Company, and the Member shall not have the status of a creditor with respect to any distribution pursuant to this Agreement.
[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Agreement is hereby executed by the Company, its Independent Manager and Cleco Power LLC, as the sole Member of the Company, and is effective as of the date first written above.
CLECO SECURITIZATION I LLC | |||
By: | /s/ William G. Fontenot |
||
Name: William G. Fontenot |
|||
Title: President |
|||
CLECO SECURITIZATION I LLC | |||
By: | /s/ Kevin P. Burns |
||
Name: Kevin P. Burns | |||
Title: Independent Manager | |||
CLECO POWER LLC | |||
By: | /s/ William G. Fontenot |
||
Name: William G. Fontenot |
|||
Title: Chief Executive Officer |
Signature Page to
Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement
EXHIBIT A
aMENDED AND RESTATED Management Agreement
_________________, 2022
Cleco Securitization I LLC
505 Cleco Drive
Office Number 16
Pineville, LA 71360
Re: | Amended and Restated Management Agreement — Cleco Securitization I LLC |
Ladies and Gentlemen:
For good and valuable consideration, each of the undersigned Persons, who have been designated as managers of Cleco Securitization I LLC, a Louisiana limited liability company (the “Company”), in accordance with the Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement of the Company, dated as of January 5, 2022, as amended by the Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement of the Company, dated as of June 20, 2022 (as it may be further amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “LLC Agreement”), hereby agree as follows:
1. Each of the undersigned accepts such Person’s rights and authority as a Manager under the LLC Agreement and agrees to perform and discharge such Person’s duties and obligations as a Manager under the LLC Agreement, and further agrees that such rights, authorities, duties and obligations under the LLC Agreement shall continue until such Person’s successor as a Manager is designated or until such Person’s resignation or removal as a Manager in accordance with the LLC Agreement. Each of the undersigned agrees and acknowledges that he or she has been designated as a “manager” of the Company within the meaning of the Louisiana Limited Liability Company Law, La. R.S. 12:1301(12).
2. If the undersigned Manager has been appointed as an Independent Manager, such Person acknowledges and agrees that he or she will become a Special Member in the circumstances provided in Section 1.02(b) of the LLC Agreement, and further acknowledges and agrees to perform and discharge his or her duties and obligations as an Independent Manager under the LLC Agreement, including, without limitation, the provisions of Sections 1.02(b), 1.08, 7.02 and 11.01 of the LLC Agreement.
3. Until one year and one day has passed after the termination of every Indenture by the Company and the payment in full of each Series of the Storm Recovery Bonds, all Financing Costs and any other amounts owed under every Indenture by the Company, to the fullest extent permitted by law, each of the undersigned agrees, solely in his or her capacity as a creditor of the Company on account of any indemnification or other payment owing to the undersigned by the Company, not to acquiesce, petition or otherwise invoke or cause the Company to invoke the process of any court or Governmental Authority for the purpose of commencing or sustaining a case against the Company under any federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, custodian, sequestrator or other similar official of the Company or any substantial part of the property of the Company, or ordering the winding up or liquidation of the affairs of the Company.
4. THIS AMENDED AND RESTATED MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF LOUISIANA, AND ALL RIGHTS AND REMEDIES SHALL BE GOVERNED BY SUCH LAWS WITHOUT REGARD TO PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAWS.
5. This Amended and Restated Management Agreement hereby amends and restates in its entirety the initial Management Agreement, dated as of January 5, 2022, by the Managers of the Company.
Capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined herein have the meanings set forth in the LLC Agreement.
This Amended and Restated Management Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original of this Amended and Restated Management Agreement and all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have executed this Amended and Restated Management Agreement as of the day and year first above written.
William G. Fontenot, | ||
Manager | ||
F. Tonita Laprarie, | ||
Manager | ||
Samantha McKee, | ||
Manager | ||
Stacy Stubbs, | ||
Manager | ||
Kevin P. Burns, | ||
Independent Manager |
APPENDIX A
DEFINITIONS
The following terms have the following meanings:
“Additional Series Conditions” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.08 of this Agreement.
“Administration Agreement” means an Administration Agreement to be entered into by and between Cleco Power LLC and the Company with respect to the applicable Series of Storm Recovery Bonds, as the same may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
“Affiliate” or “Affiliates” means, with respect to any specified Person, any other Person controlling or controlled by or under common control with such specified Person. For the purposes of this definition, “control” when used with respect to any specified Person means the power to direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise; and the terms “controlling” and “controlled” have meanings correlative to the foregoing.
“Agreement” means this Agreement, as the same may be further amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
“Articles of Organization” means the Articles of Organization (together with the Initial Report) filed with the Secretary of State on January 5, 2022, pursuant to which the Company was formed, as amended by the Amended and Restated Articles of Organization of the Company filed with the Secretary of State on June 20, 2022, as the same may be further amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
“Bankruptcy Code” means Title 11 of the United States Code (11 U.S.C. § 101 et seq.), as amended from time to time.
“Basic Documents” means the Company’s Articles of Organization and Initial Report, this Agreement, and each Indenture, Series Supplement, Administration Agreement, Sale Agreement, Servicing Agreement, Letter of Representations, Underwriting Agreement, Bill of Sale, Note and all other documents and certificates delivered in connection therewith.
“Bill of Sale” means a bill of sale given by Cleco Power, as the seller, to the Company, in connection with the issuance of the applicable Series of Storm Recovery Bonds and the execution and delivery of the applicable Sale Agreement, as the same may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
“Capital Account” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.03 of this Agreement.
“Capital Contribution” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.01 of this Agreement.
“Cleco Power” means Cleco Power LLC, the sole Member of the Company.
“Company” has the meaning set forth in the preamble of this Agreement.
“Effective Date” has the meaning set forth in the preamble of this Agreement.
“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
“Financing Costs” means the financing costs, as defined in the Securitization Act and a Financing Order, under or relating to the applicable Series of Storm Recovery Bonds authorized by such Financing Order.
“Financing Order” means the Financing Order issued April 1, 2022, by the LPSC pursuant to the Securitization Act in Cleco Power LLC’s Docket No. U-35807, or any subsequent Financing Order issued by the LPSC pursuant to the Securitization Act pertaining to Cleco Power LLC, the Company and any additional Series of the Storm Recovery Bonds.
“Formation Date” has the meaning set forth in the recitals of this Agreement.
“Governmental Authority” means any nation or government, any federal, state, local or other political subdivision thereof and any court, administrative agency or other instrumentality or entity exercising executive, legislative, judicial, regulatory or administrative function of government.
“Indenture” means an Indenture to be entered into by and between the Company and an Indenture Trustee, as originally executed and as from time to time supplemented or amended by one or more Series Supplements entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions of such Indenture, as so supplemented or amended, or both, and shall include the forms and terms of the applicable Series of Storm Recovery Bonds to be issued pursuant to such Indenture.
“Indenture Trustee” means a third party financial company or bank to be designated as indenture trustee for the benefit of the Secured Parties, or any successor indenture trustee under an Indenture.
“Independent” means, when used with respect to any specified Person, that the Person (a) is in fact independent of the Company, any other obligor on the Storm Recovery Bonds, the seller of the applicable Storm Recovery Property pursuant to a Sale Agreement, the Servicer and any Affiliate of any of the foregoing Persons, (b) does not have any direct financial interest or any material indirect financial interest in the Company, any such other obligor, the seller of the applicable Storm Recovery Property pursuant to a Sale Agreement, the Servicer or any Affiliate of any of the foregoing Persons and (c) is not connected with the Company, any such other obligor, the seller of the applicable Storm Recovery Property pursuant to a Sale Agreement, the Servicer or any Affiliate of any of the foregoing Persons as an officer, employee, promoter, underwriter, trustee, partner, director or manager (other than as an independent director or manager) or person performing similar functions.
“Independent Manager” means a Manager that is a natural person and is not and has not been for at least five years from the date of his or her appointment (i) a direct or indirect legal or beneficial owner of the Company or the Member or any of their respective Affiliates, (ii) a relative, supplier, employee, officer, director (other than as an independent director), manager (other than as an independent manager), contractor or material creditor of the Company or the Member or any of their respective Affiliates or (iii) a Person who controls (whether directly, indirectly or otherwise) the Member or its Affiliates or any creditor, employee, officer, director, manager or material supplier or contractor of the Member or its Affiliates; provided, that the indirect or beneficial ownership of stock of the Member or its Affiliates through a mutual fund or similar diversified investment vehicle with respect to which the owner does not have discretion or control over the investments held by such diversified investment vehicle shall not preclude such owner from being an Independent Manager.
“Independent Manager Fee” has the meaning set forth in Section 7.03(a) of this Agreement.
“Initial Operating Agreement” has the meaning set forth in the recitals of this Agreement.
“Letter of Representations” means any applicable agreement between the Company and an organization registered as a “clearing agency” pursuant to Section 17A of the Exchange Act, pertaining to a Series of Storm Recovery Bonds, as the same may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
“LLC Law” has the meaning set forth in the recitals of this Agreement.
“LPSC” means the Louisiana Public Service Commission, or any Governmental Authority succeeding to the duties of such agency.
“Manager” means each manager, including any Independent Manager, of the Company under this Agreement.
“Member” has the meaning set forth in the preamble of this Agreement.
“Membership Interest” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.01 of this Agreement.
“Note” means one or more notes evidencing the applicable Series of Storm Recovery Bonds, as the same may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
“Ongoing Financing Costs” mean Operating Expenses and all other financing costs, as defined in Section 1227(5) of the Securitization Act, paid or to be paid from the Storm Recovery Charges.
“Operating Expense” means all unreimbursed fees, costs and expenses of the Company, including all amounts owed by the Company to an Indenture Trustee or any Manager, any servicing fees, administration fees, legal and accounting fees, rating agency fees, and costs and expenses of the Company.
“Person” means any individual, corporation, limited liability company, estate, partnership, joint venture, association, joint stock company, trust (including any beneficiary thereof), unincorporated organization or Governmental Authority, and includes successors permitted by the Basic Documents.
“Personal Representative” means, as to a natural person, the succession representative, executor, administrator, guardian, conservator, or other legal representative thereof and, as to a person other than a natural person, the legal representative or successor thereof.
“Rating Agency” means Moody’s Investors Service, Inc., S&P Global Ratings, a division of S&P Global Inc., Fitch Ratings, Inc. or any successors thereto rating any tranche of the Storm Recovery Bonds at the request of the Company. If no such organization or successor is any longer in existence, “Rating Agency” shall be a nationally recognized statistical rating organization or other comparable Person designated by the Company, written notice of which designation shall be given to each applicable Indenture Trustee, the LPSC and the Servicer.
“Rating Agency Condition” means, with respect to any action, not less than ten (10) business days’ prior written notification to each Rating Agency of such action, and written confirmation from each of S&P Global Ratings, a division of S&P Global Inc., (or any successor in interest) and Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (or any successor in interest) to the Servicer, each applicable Indenture Trustee and the Company that such action will not result in a suspension, reduction or withdrawal of the then current rating by such Rating Agency of any tranche of the Storm Recovery Bonds and that prior to the taking of the proposed action no other Rating Agency shall have provided written notice to the Company that such action has resulted or would result in the suspension, reduction or withdrawal of the then current rating of any such tranche of the Storm Recovery Bonds; provided, that, if within such ten business day period, any Rating Agency (other than S&P Global Ratings, a division of S&P Global, Inc. or any successor in interest) has neither replied to such notification nor responded in a manner that indicates that such Rating Agency is reviewing and considering the notification, then (i) the Company shall be required to confirm that such Rating Agency has received the Rating Agency Condition request, and if it has, promptly request the related Rating Agency Condition confirmation and (ii) if the Rating Agency neither replies to such notification nor responds in a manner that indicates it is reviewing and considering the notification within five (5) business days following such second (2nd) request, the applicable Rating Agency Condition requirement shall not be deemed to apply to such Rating Agency. For the purposes of this definition, any confirmation, request, acknowledgment or approval that is required to be in writing may be in the form of electronic mail or a press release (which may contain a general waiver of a Rating Agency’s right to review or consent).
“Registration Statement” means the a registration statement on Form SF-1 of Cleco Power LLC, as sponsor, and the Company, as issuing entity, that registers the offer and sale of the applicable Series of Storm Recovery Bonds under the Securities Act, including any pre-effective or post-effective amendments thereto and any registration statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act (including any prospectus and exhibits contained therein).
“Sale Agreement” means a Storm Recovery Property Purchase and Sale Agreement to be entered into by and between Cleco Power LLC and the Company with respect to the applicable Series of Storm Recovery Bonds, as the same may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
“SEC” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
“Secretary of State” has the meaning set forth in the recitals of this Agreement.
“Secured Parties” means, with respect to each Series of Storm Recovery Bonds, the Indenture Trustee under the applicable Indenture for such Series of Storm Recovery Bonds, the relevant holders of such Series of Storm Recovery Bonds, and any credit enhancer described in the applicable Series Supplement.
“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
“Securitization Act” means the “Louisiana Electric Utility Storm Recovery Securitization Act,” codified at La. R.S. 45:1226-1240, as amended.
“Series” means each series of the Storm Recovery Bonds issued and authenticated pursuant to an Indenture and a related Series Supplement.
“Series Supplement” means a series supplement or an indenture supplemental to an Indenture that authorizes the issuance of a particular Series of Storm Recovery Bonds and sets forth certain terms of such Series of Storm Recovery Bonds.
“Servicer” means Cleco Power LLC, as initial Servicer under a Servicing Agreement, or any successor Servicer to the extent permitted under such Servicing Agreement.
“Servicing Agreement” means a Storm Recovery Property Servicing Agreement to be entered into by and between the Company and Cleco Power LLC, as servicer, with respect to a Series of Storm Recovery Bonds, as the same may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
“Special Member” has the meaning provided in Section 1.02(b) of this Agreement.
“Special Purpose Provisions” has the meaning provided in Section 11.02(a) of this Agreement.
“Storm Recovery Bond Collateral” means the applicable Storm Recovery Property and related properties and rights, including, without limitation, the related Sale Agreement and certain deposit accounts and securities accounts, which are encumbered by the Company as collateral for the applicable Series of Storm Recovery Bonds.
“Storm Recovery Bonds” means one or more Series of the Storm Recovery Bonds authorized by a Financing Order and issued under and governed by an Indenture.
“Storm Recovery Charge” means any storm recovery charges, as defined in Section 1227(15) of the Securitization Act, authorized pursuant to a Financing Order.
“Storm Recovery Property” means all storm recovery property as defined in Section 1227(17) of the Securitization Act created pursuant to a Financing Order and pertaining to the applicable Series of Storm Recovery Bonds authorized by such Financing Order and sold or otherwise conveyed to the Company.
“Underwriters” means the underwriters who purchase any Storm Recovery Bonds from the Company and sell such Storm Recovery Bonds in a public offering.
“Underwriting Agreement” means an Underwriting Agreement to be entered into by and among Cleco Power LLC, the Underwriters and the Company, in connection with the issuance and sale of Storm Recovery Bonds, as the same may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
Exhibit 4.1
INDENTURE
by and between
CLECO SECURITIZATION I LLC,
Issuer
and
THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,
Indenture Trustee and Securities Intermediary
Dated as of June 22, 2022
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
ARTICLE I Definitions AND RULES OF CONSTRUCTION; Incorporation by Reference | 2 |
SECTION 1.01. Definitions and Rules of Construction | 2 |
SECTION 1.02. Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act | 2 |
ARTICLE II The Storm Recovery Bonds | 2 |
SECTION 2.01. Form | 2 |
SECTION 2.02. Denominations: Storm Recovery Bonds | 3 |
SECTION 2.03. Execution, Authentication and Delivery | 4 |
SECTION 2.04. Temporary Storm Recovery Bonds | 5 |
SECTION 2.05. Registration; Registration of Transfer and Exchange of Storm Recovery Bonds | 5 |
SECTION 2.06. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Storm Recovery Bonds | 7 |
SECTION 2.07. Persons Deemed Owner | 7 |
SECTION 2.08. Payment of Principal, Premium, if any, and Interest; Interest on Overdue Principal; Principal, Premium, if any, and Interest Rights Preserved | 8 |
SECTION 2.09. Cancellation | 9 |
SECTION 2.10. Outstanding Amount; Authentication and Delivery of Storm Recovery Bonds | 9 |
SECTION 2.11. Book-Entry Storm Recovery Bonds | 12 |
SECTION 2.12. Notices to Clearing Agency | 13 |
SECTION 2.13. Definitive Storm Recovery Bonds | 13 |
SECTION 2.14. CUSIP Number | 14 |
SECTION 2.15. Letter of Representations | 14 |
SECTION 2.16. Tax Treatment | 14 |
SECTION 2.17. State Pledge and Louisiana Commission Pledge | 14 |
SECTION 2.18. Security Interests | 16 |
ARTICLE III Covenants | 16 |
SECTION 3.01. Payment of Principal, Premium, if any, and Interest | 16 |
SECTION 3.02. Maintenance of Office or Agency | 17 |
SECTION 3.03. Money for Payments To Be Held in Trust | 17 |
SECTION 3.04. Existence | 18 |
SECTION 3.05. Protection of Trust Estate | 19 |
SECTION 3.06. Opinions as to Trust Estate | 19 |
SECTION 3.07. Performance of Obligations; Servicing; SEC Filings | 20 |
SECTION 3.08. Certain Negative Covenants | 22 |
SECTION 3.09. Annual Statement as to Compliance | 23 |
SECTION 3.10. Issuer May Consolidate, etc., Only on Certain Terms | 24 |
SECTION 3.11. Successor or Transferee | 26 |
SECTION 3.12. No Other Business | 26 |
SECTION 3.13. No Borrowing | 26 |
SECTION 3.14. Servicer’s Obligations | 26 |
SECTION 3.15. Guarantees, Loans, Advances and Other Liabilities | 26 |
SECTION 3.16. Capital Expenditures | 26 |
SECTION 3.17. Restricted Payments | 27 |
SECTION 3.18. Notice of Events of Default | 27 |
SECTION 3.19. Further Instruments and Acts | 27 |
SECTION 3.20. Inspection | 27 |
SECTION 3.21. Economic Sanctions | 28 |
SECTION 3.22. Additional Storm Recovery Bonds | 28 |
SECTION 3.23. Sale Agreement, Servicing Agreement, and Administration Agreement Covenants | 30 |
SECTION 3.24. Taxes | 32 |
SECTION 3.25. Notices from Holders | 32 |
SECTION 3.26. Volcker Rule | 32 |
ARTICLE IV Satisfaction and Discharge; Defeasance | 32 |
SECTION 4.01. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture; Defeasance | 32 |
SECTION 4.02. Conditions to Defeasance | 34 |
SECTION 4.03. Application of Trust Money | 35 |
SECTION 4.04. Repayment of Moneys Held by Paying Agent | 36 |
ARTICLE V Remedies | 36 |
SECTION 5.01. Events of Default | 36 |
SECTION 5.02. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment | 37 |
SECTION 5.03. Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Indenture Trustee | 38 |
SECTION 5.04. Remedies; Priorities | 40 |
SECTION 5.05. Optional Preservation of the Trust Estate | 41 |
SECTION 5.06. Limitation of Suits | 41 |
SECTION 5.07. Unconditional Rights of Holders To Receive Principal, Premium, if any, and Interest | 42 |
SECTION 5.08. Restoration of Rights and Remedies | 42 |
SECTION 5.09. Rights and Remedies Cumulative | 42 |
SECTION 5.10. Delay or Omission Not a Waiver | 43 |
SECTION 5.11. Control by Holders | 43 |
SECTION 5.12. Waiver of Past Defaults | 44 |
SECTION 5.13. Undertaking for Costs | 44 |
SECTION 5.14. Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws | 44 |
SECTION 5.15. Action on Storm Recovery Bonds | 44 |
ARTICLE VI The Indenture Trustee | 45 |
SECTION 6.01. Duties of Indenture Trustee | 45 |
SECTION 6.02. Rights of Indenture Trustee | 46 |
SECTION 6.03. Individual Rights of Indenture Trustee | 49 |
SECTION 6.04. Indenture Trustee’s Disclaimer | 49 |
SECTION 6.05. Notice of Defaults | 50 |
SECTION 6.06. Reports by Indenture Trustee to Holders | 50 |
SECTION 6.07. Compensation and Indemnity | 51 |
SECTION 6.08. Replacement of Indenture Trustee and Securities Intermediary | 52 |
SECTION 6.09. Successor Indenture Trustee by Merger | 53 |
SECTION 6.10. Appointment of Co-Trustee or Separate Trustee | 54 |
SECTION 6.11. Eligibility; Disqualification | 55 |
SECTION 6.12. Preferential Collection of Claims Against Issuer | 55 |
SECTION 6.13. Representations and Warranties of Indenture Trustee | 55 |
SECTION 6.14. Annual Report by Independent Registered Public Accountants | 55 |
SECTION 6.15. Custody of Trust Estate | 56 |
SECTION 6.16. FATCA | 56 |
ARTICLE VII Holders’ Lists and Reports | 56 |
SECTION 7.01. Issuer To Furnish Indenture Trustee Names and Addresses of Holders | 56 |
SECTION 7.02. Preservation of Information; Communications to Holders | 57 |
SECTION 7.03. Reports by Issuer | 57 |
SECTION 7.04. Reports by Indenture Trustee | 58 |
ARTICLE VIII Accounts, Disbursements and Releases | 58 |
SECTION 8.01. Collection of Money | 58 |
SECTION 8.02. Collection Account | 59 |
SECTION 8.03. General Provisions Regarding the Collection Account | 62 |
SECTION 8.04. Release of Trust Estate | 63 |
SECTION 8.05. Opinion of Counsel | 64 |
SECTION 8.06. Reports by Independent Registered Public Accountants | 64 |
ARTICLE IX SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES | 65 |
SECTION 9.01. Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders | 65 |
SECTION 9.02. Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Holders | 66 |
SECTION 9.03. Louisiana Commission Condition | 67 |
SECTION 9.04. Execution of Supplemental Indentures | 68 |
SECTION 9.05. Effect of Supplemental Indenture | 69 |
SECTION 9.06. Conformity with Trust Indenture Act | 69 |
SECTION 9.07. Reference in Storm Recovery Bonds to Supplemental Indentures | 69 |
ARTICLE X MISCELLANEOUS | 69 |
SECTION 10.01. Compliance Certificates and Opinions, etc. | 69 |
SECTION 10.02. Form of Documents Delivered to Indenture Trustee | 71 |
SECTION 10.03. Acts of Holders | 71 |
SECTION 10.04. Notices, etc., to Indenture Trustee, Issuer and Rating Agencies | 72 |
SECTION 10.05. Notices to Holders; Waiver | 73 |
SECTION 10.06. Conflict with Trust Indenture Act | 74 |
SECTION 10.07. Successors and Assigns | 74 |
SECTION 10.08. Severability | 74 |
SECTION 10.09. Benefits of Indenture | 74 |
SECTION 10.10. Legal Holidays | 74 |
SECTION 10.11. GOVERNING LAW | 74 |
SECTION 10.12. Counterparts | 74 |
SECTION 10.13. Recording of Indenture | 75 |
SECTION 10.14. No Recourse to Issuer | 75 |
SECTION 10.15. Basic Documents | 75 |
SECTION 10.16. No Petition | 75 |
SECTION 10.17. Securities Intermediary | 76 |
SECTION 10.18. Rule 17g-5 Compliance | 76 |
SECTION 10.19. Submission to Non-Exclusive Jurisdiction; Waiver of Jury Trial | 76 |
SECTION 10.20. Certain Tax Laws | 77 |
EXHIBITS
Exhibit A Form of Storm Recovery Bonds
Exhibit B Form of Series Supplement
Exhibit C Servicing Criteria to be Addressed by Indenture Trustee in Assessment of Compliance
APPENDIX
Appendix A Definitions and Rules of Construction
TRUST INDENTURE ACT CROSS REFERENCE TABLE
Trust Indenture Act Section | Indenture Section | |
310 | (a)(1) | 6.11 |
(a)(2) | 6.11 | |
(a)(3) | 6.10(b)(i) | |
(a)(4) | Not applicable | |
(a)(5) | 6.11 | |
(b) | 6.11 | |
311 | (a) | 6.12 |
(b) | 6.12 | |
312 | (a) | 7.01 and 7.02 |
(b) | 7.02(b) | |
(c) | 7.02(c) | |
313 | (a) | 7.04 |
(b)(1) | 7.04 | |
(b)(2) | 7.04 | |
(c) | 7.03(a) and 7.04 | |
(d) | Not applicable | |
314 | (a) | 3.09, 4.01 and 7.03(a) |
(b) | 3.06 and 4.01 | |
(c)(1) | 2.10, 4.01, 8.04(b) and 10.01(a) | |
(c)(2) | 2.10, 4.01, 8.04(b) and 10.01(a) | |
(c)(3) | 2.10, 4.01, 4.02 and 10.01(a) | |
(d) | 8.04(b) and 10.01 | |
(e) | 10.01(a) | |
(f) | 10.01(a) |
Trust Indenture Act Section | Indenture Section | |
315 | (a) | 6.01(b)(i) and 6.01(b)(ii) |
(b) | 6.05 | |
(c) | 6.01(a) | |
(d) | 6.01(c)(i), 6.01(c)(ii) and SECTION 6.01(c)(iii) | |
(e) | 5.13 | |
316 | (a) (last sentence) | Appendix A – definition of “Outstanding” |
(a)(1)(A) | 5.11 | |
(a)(1)(B) | 5.12 | |
(a)(2) | Not applicable | |
(b) | 5.07 | |
(c) | Appendix A – definition of “Record Date” | |
317 | (a)(1) | 5.03(a) |
(a)(2) | 5.03(c)(iv) | |
(b) | 3.03 | |
318 | (a) | 10.06 |
(b) | 10.06 | |
(c) | 10.06 |
This CROSS-REFERENCE table shall not, for any purpose, be deemed to be part of this Indenture.
This INDENTURE, dated as of June 22, 2022, is by and between CLECO SECURITIZATION I LLC, a Louisiana limited liability company, and THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, in its capacity as indenture trustee for the benefit of the Holders and in its separate capacity as a securities intermediary.
In consideration of the mutual agreements herein contained, each party hereto agrees as follows for the benefit of the other party hereto and each of the Holders:
RECITALS OF THE ISSUER
The Issuer has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture and the creation and issuance of Storm Recovery Bonds issuable hereunder, which will be of substantially the tenor set forth in the Series Supplement to this Indenture duly executed and delivered by the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee.
Storm Recovery Bonds shall be non-recourse obligations and shall be secured by the Trust Estate, of which the principal asset is the Storm Recovery Property, and shall be payable solely out of the Storm Recovery Property and other assets in the Trust Estate. If and to the extent that the proceeds of the Storm Recovery Property are insufficient to pay all amounts owing with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds, then, except as otherwise expressly provided hereunder, the Holders shall have no Claim in respect of such insufficiency against the Issuer or the Indenture Trustee, and the Holders, by their acceptance of the Storm Recovery Bonds, waive any such Claim.
All things necessary to (a) make the Storm Recovery Bonds, when executed by the Issuer and authenticated and delivered by the Indenture Trustee hereunder and duly issued by the Issuer, valid obligations, and (b) make this Indenture a valid agreement of the Issuer, in each case, in accordance with their respective terms, have been done.
NOW, THEREFORE, THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH:
That the Issuer, in consideration of the premises herein contained and of the purchase of Storm Recovery Bonds by the Holders and of other good and lawful consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, and to secure, equally and ratably without prejudice, priority or distinction, except as specifically otherwise set forth in this Indenture, the payment of the Storm Recovery Bonds, the payment of all other amounts due under or in connection with this Indenture (including all fees, expenses, counsel fees and other amounts due and owing to the Indenture Trustee) and the performance and observance of all of the covenants and conditions contained herein or in the Storm Recovery Bonds, has hereby executed and delivered this Indenture and by these presents does hereby and by the Series Supplement will convey, grant, assign, transfer and pledge, in each case, in and unto the Indenture Trustee, its successors and assigns forever, for the benefit of the Holders, all and singular the property described in the Series Supplement (such property herein referred to as “Trust Estate”).
AND IT IS HEREBY COVENANTED, DECLARED AND AGREED between the parties hereto that all Storm Recovery Bonds are to be issued, countersigned and delivered and that all of the Trust Estate is to be held and applied, subject to the further covenants, conditions, releases, uses and trusts hereinafter set forth, and the Issuer, for itself and any successor, does hereby covenant and agree to and with the Indenture Trustee and its successors in said trust, for the benefit of the Holders, as follows:
ARTICLE I
Definitions AND RULES OF CONSTRUCTION; Incorporation by Reference
SECTION 1.01. Definitions and Rules of Construction. Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined in this Indenture shall have the respective meanings given to such terms in Appendix A, which is hereby incorporated by reference into this Indenture as if set forth fully in this Indenture. Not all terms defined in Appendix A are used in this Indenture. The rules of construction set forth in Appendix A shall apply to this Indenture and are hereby incorporated by reference into this Indenture as if set forth fully in this Indenture.
SECTION 1.02. Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act. Whenever this Indenture refers to a provision of the Trust Indenture Act, that provision is incorporated by reference in and made a part of this Indenture. The following Trust Indenture Act terms used in this Indenture have the following meanings:
“indenture securities” means the Storm Recovery Bonds.
“indenture security holder” means a Holder.
“indenture to be qualified” means this Indenture.
“indenture trustee” or “institutional trustee” means the Indenture Trustee.
“obligor” on the indenture securities means the Issuer and any other obligor on the indenture securities.
All other Trust Indenture Act terms used in this Indenture that are defined by the Trust Indenture Act, defined by Trust Indenture Act reference to another statute or defined by SEC rule have the meanings assigned to them by such definitions.
ARTICLE II
The Storm Recovery Bonds
SECTION 2.01. Form. The Storm Recovery Bonds and the Indenture Trustee’s certificate of authentication shall be in substantially the forms set forth in Exhibit A, with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as are required or permitted by this Indenture or by the Series Supplement and may have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification and such legends or endorsements placed thereon as may, consistently herewith, be determined by the officers executing the Storm Recovery Bonds, as evidenced by their execution of the Storm Recovery Bonds.
The Storm Recovery Bonds shall be typewritten, printed, lithographed or engraved or produced by any combination of these methods (with or without steel engraved borders), all as determined by the Responsible Officer of the Issuer executing the Storm Recovery Bonds, as evidenced by their execution of the Storm Recovery Bonds.
Each Storm Recovery Bond shall be dated the date of its authentication.
SECTION 2.02. Denominations: Storm Recovery Bonds. The Storm Recovery Bonds shall be issuable in the Authorized Denominations specified in the Series Supplement.
The Storm Recovery Bonds shall, at the election of and as authorized by a Responsible Officer of the Issuer, and set forth in the Series Supplement, be issued in one or more tranches, and shall be designated generally as the “Series 2022-A Senior Secured Storm Recovery Bonds” of the Issuer, with such further particular designations added or incorporated in such title for the Storm Recovery Bonds of any particular tranche as a Responsible Officer of the Issuer may determine. All Storm Recovery Bonds shall be identical in all respects except for the denominations thereof, the Holder thereof, the numbering thereon and the legends thereon, unless the Storm Recovery Bonds are comprised of one or more tranches, in which case all of the Storm Recovery Bonds of the same tranche shall be identical in all respects except for the denominations thereof, the Holder thereof, the numbering thereon, the legends thereon and the CUSIP number thereon. All Storm Recovery Bonds and of a particular tranche shall be in all respects equally and ratably entitled to the benefits hereof without preference, priority or distinction on account of the actual time or times of authentication and delivery, all in accordance with the terms and provisions of this Indenture.
The Storm Recovery Bonds shall be created by the Series Supplement authorized by a Responsible Officer of the Issuer, which shall specify and establish the terms and provisions thereof, including the following (which terms and provisions may differ as between tranches):
(a) designation of the tranches thereof;
(b) the principal amount of each tranche;
(c) the Bond Interest Rate of each tranche thereof or the formula, if any, used to calculate Bond Interest Rate or Bond Interest Rates for each tranche thereof;
(d) the Payment Dates for each tranche thereof;
(e) the Scheduled Payment Dates for each tranche;
(f) the Scheduled Final Payment Date(s) of each tranche;
(g) the Final Maturity Date of each tranche;
(h) the authentication and delivery date;
(i) the Authorized Denominations;
(j) the Expected Sinking Fund Schedule of each tranche;
(k) the place or places for the payment of interest, principal and premium, if different than set forth in Section 2.08;
(l) any additional Holders;
(m) the identity of the Indenture Trustee;
(n) the Trust Estate;
(o) whether or not the Storm Recovery Bonds are to be Book-Entry Storm Recovery Bonds and the extent to which Section 2.11 should apply; and
(p) any other terms of the Storm Recovery Bonds (or tranches thereof) that are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture.
SECTION 2.03. Execution, Authentication and Delivery. The Storm Recovery Bonds shall be executed on behalf of the Issuer by any of its Responsible Officers. The signature of any such Responsible Officer on the Storm Recovery Bonds may be manual, electronic or facsimile.
Storm Recovery Bonds bearing the manual, electronic or facsimile signature of individuals who were at any time Responsible Officers of the Issuer shall bind the Issuer, notwithstanding that such individuals or any of them have ceased to hold such offices prior to the authentication and delivery of the Storm Recovery Bonds or did not hold such offices at the date of the Storm Recovery Bonds.
At any time and from time to time after the execution and delivery of this Indenture, the Issuer may deliver Storm Recovery Bonds executed by the Issuer to the Indenture Trustee pursuant to an Issuer Order for authentication; and the Indenture Trustee shall authenticate and deliver the Storm Recovery Bonds as in this Indenture provided and not otherwise.
No Storm Recovery Bond shall be entitled to any benefit under this Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose, unless there appears on such Storm Recovery Bond a certificate of authentication substantially in the form provided for herein executed by the Indenture Trustee by the manual, electronic or facsimile signature of one of its authorized signatories, and such certificate upon any Storm Recovery Bond shall be conclusive evidence, and the only evidence, that such Storm Recovery Bond has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder.
The words “execution,” signed,” signature,” and words of like import in this Indenture shall include images of manually executed signatures transmitted by facsimile, email or other electronic format (including, without limitation, “pdf,” “tif” or “jpg”) and other electronic signatures (including without limitation, DocuSign and AdobeSign). The use of electronic signatures and electronic records (including, without limitation, any contract or other record created, generated, sent, communicated, received, or stored by electronic means) shall be of the same legal effect, validity and enforceability as a manually executed signature or use of a paper-based record-keeping system to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, including the Federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, the New York State Electronic Signatures and Records Act and any other applicable law, including, without limitation, any state law based on the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act or the Uniform Commercial Code.
SECTION 2.04. Temporary Storm Recovery Bonds. Pending the preparation of Definitive Storm Recovery Bonds pursuant to Section 2.13, the Issuer may execute, and upon receipt of an Issuer Order the Indenture Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, Temporary Storm Recovery Bonds that are printed, lithographed, typewritten, mimeographed or otherwise produced, of the tenor of the Definitive Storm Recovery Bonds in lieu of which they are issued and with such variations not inconsistent with the terms of this Indenture and the Series Supplement as the officers executing the Storm Recovery Bonds may determine, as evidenced by their execution of the Storm Recovery Bonds.
If Temporary Storm Recovery Bonds are issued, the Issuer will cause Definitive Storm Recovery Bonds to be prepared without unreasonable delay. After the preparation of Definitive Storm Recovery Bonds, the Temporary Storm Recovery Bonds shall be exchangeable for Definitive Storm Recovery Bonds upon surrender of the Temporary Storm Recovery Bonds at the office or agency of the Issuer to be maintained as provided in Section 3.02, without charge to the Holder. Upon surrender for cancellation of any one or more Temporary Storm Recovery Bonds, the Issuer shall execute and the Indenture Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a like tranche and principal amount of Definitive Storm Recovery Bonds of authorized denominations. Until so delivered in exchange, the Temporary Storm Recovery Bonds shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as Definitive Storm Recovery Bonds.
SECTION 2.05. Registration; Registration of Transfer and Exchange of Storm Recovery Bonds. The Issuer shall cause to be kept a register (the “Storm Recovery Bond Register”) in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Issuer shall provide for the registration of Storm Recovery Bonds and the registration of transfers of Storm Recovery Bonds. The Indenture Trustee shall be “Storm Recovery Bond Registrar” for the purpose of registering the Storm Recovery Bonds and transfers of Storm Recovery Bonds as herein provided. Upon any resignation of any Storm Recovery Bond Registrar, the Issuer shall promptly appoint a successor or, if it elects not to make such an appointment, assume the duties of Storm Recovery Bond Registrar.
If a Person other than the Indenture Trustee is appointed by the Issuer as Storm Recovery Bond Registrar, the Issuer will give the Indenture Trustee and the Paying Agent, if not the Indenture Trustee, prompt written notice of the appointment of such Storm Recovery Bond Registrar and of the location, and any change in the location, of the Storm Recovery Bond Register, and the Indenture Trustee and any such Paying Agent shall have the right to inspect the Storm Recovery Bond Register at all reasonable times and to obtain copies thereof, and the Indenture Trustee shall have the right to rely conclusively upon a certificate executed on behalf of the Storm Recovery Bond Registrar by a Responsible Officer thereof as to the names and addresses of the Holders and the principal amounts and number of the Storm Recovery Bonds (separately stated by tranche).
Upon surrender for registration of transfer of any Storm Recovery Bond at the office or agency of the Issuer to be maintained as provided in Section 3.02, provided that the requirements of Section 8-401 of the UCC are met, the Issuer shall execute, and the Indenture Trustee shall authenticate and the Holder shall obtain from the Indenture Trustee, in the name of the designated transferee or transferees, one or more new Storm Recovery Bonds in any Authorized Denominations, of the same tranche and aggregate principal amount.
At the option of the Holder, Storm Recovery Bonds may be exchanged for other Storm Recovery Bonds in any Authorized Denominations, of the same tranche and aggregate principal amount, upon surrender of the Storm Recovery Bonds to be exchanged at such office or agency as provided in Section 3.02. Whenever any Storm Recovery Bonds are so surrendered for exchange, the Issuer shall, provided that the requirements of Section 8-401 of the UCC are met, execute, and, upon any such execution, the Indenture Trustee shall authenticate and the Holder shall obtain from the Indenture Trustee, the Storm Recovery Bonds that the Holder making the exchange is entitled to receive.
All Storm Recovery Bonds issued upon any registration of transfer or exchange of other Storm Recovery Bonds shall be the valid obligations of the Issuer, evidencing the same debt, and entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Storm Recovery Bonds surrendered upon such registration of transfer or exchange.
Every Storm Recovery Bond presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange shall be duly endorsed by, or be accompanied by: (a) a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee duly executed by the Holder thereof or such Holder’s attorney duly authorized in writing, with such signature guaranteed by an institution that is a member of: (i) The Securities Transfer Agent Medallion Program (STAMP); (ii) The New York Stock Exchange Medallion Program (MSP); (iii) The Stock Exchange Medallion Program (SEMP); or (iv) such other signature guaranty program acceptable to the Indenture Trustee; and (b) such other documents as the Indenture Trustee may require.
No service charge shall be made to a Holder for any registration of transfer or exchange of Storm Recovery Bonds, but the Issuer or the Indenture Trustee may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge or any fees or expenses of the Indenture Trustee that may be imposed in connection with any registration of transfer or exchange of Storm Recovery Bonds, other than exchanges pursuant to Section 2.04 or Section 2.06 not involving any transfer.
The preceding provisions of this Section 2.05 notwithstanding, the Issuer shall not be required to make, and the Storm Recovery Bond Registrar need not register, transfers or exchanges of any Storm Recovery Bond that has been submitted within fifteen (15) days preceding the due date for any payment with respect to such Storm Recovery Bond until after such due date has occurred.
SECTION 2.06. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost or Stolen Storm Recovery Bonds. If (a) any mutilated Storm Recovery Bond is surrendered to the Indenture Trustee or the Indenture Trustee receives evidence to its satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Storm Recovery Bond and (b) there is delivered to the Indenture Trustee such security or indemnity as may be required by it to hold the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee harmless, then, in the absence of notice to the Issuer, the Storm Recovery Bond Registrar or the Indenture Trustee that such Storm Recovery Bond has been acquired by a Protected Purchaser, the Issuer shall, provided that the requirements of Section 8-401 of the UCC are met, execute, and, upon the Issuer’s written request, the Indenture Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in exchange for or in lieu of any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Storm Recovery Bond, a replacement Storm Recovery Bond of like Series, tranche and principal amount, bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding; provided, however, that, if any such destroyed, lost or stolen Storm Recovery Bond, but not a mutilated Storm Recovery Bond, shall have become or within seven (7) days shall be due and payable, instead of issuing a replacement Storm Recovery Bond, the Issuer may pay such destroyed, lost or stolen Storm Recovery Bond when so due or payable without surrender thereof. If, after the delivery of such replacement Storm Recovery Bond or payment of a destroyed, lost or stolen Storm Recovery Bond pursuant to the proviso to the preceding sentence, a Protected Purchaser of the original Storm Recovery Bond in lieu of which such replacement Storm Recovery Bond was issued presents for payment such original Storm Recovery Bond, the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee shall be entitled to recover such replacement Storm Recovery Bond (or such payment) from the Person to whom it was delivered or any Person taking such replacement Storm Recovery Bond from such Person to whom such replacement Storm Recovery Bond was delivered or any assignee of such Person, except a Protected Purchaser, and shall be entitled to recover upon the security or indemnity provided therefor to the extent of any loss, damage, cost or expense incurred by the Issuer or the Indenture Trustee in connection therewith.
Upon the issuance of any replacement Storm Recovery Bond under this Section 2.06, the Issuer and/or the Indenture Trustee may require the payment by the Holder of such Storm Recovery Bond of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other reasonable expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Indenture Trustee and the Storm Recovery Bond Registrar and its counsel) in connection therewith.
Every replacement Storm Recovery Bond issued pursuant to this Section 2.06 in replacement of any mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Storm Recovery Bond shall constitute an original additional contractual obligation of the Issuer, whether or not the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Storm Recovery Bond shall be found at any time or enforced by any Person, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Storm Recovery Bonds duly issued hereunder.
The provisions of this Section 2.06 are exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Storm Recovery Bonds.
SECTION 2.07. Persons Deemed Owner. Prior to due presentment for registration of transfer of any Storm Recovery Bond, the Issuer, the Indenture Trustee, the Storm Recovery Bond Registrar and any agent of the Issuer or the Indenture Trustee may treat the Person in whose name any Storm Recovery Bond is registered (as of the day of determination) as the owner of such Storm Recovery Bond for the purpose of receiving payments of principal of and premium, if any, and interest on such Storm Recovery Bond and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether or not such Storm Recovery Bond be overdue, and none of the Issuer, the Indenture Trustee or any agent of the Issuer or the Indenture Trustee shall be affected by notice to the contrary.
SECTION 2.08. Payment of Principal, Premium, if any, and Interest; Interest on Overdue Principal; Principal, Premium, if any, and Interest Rights Preserved.
(a) The Storm Recovery Bonds shall accrue interest as provided in the Series Supplement at the applicable Bond Interest Rate, and such interest shall be payable on each applicable Payment Date. Any installment of interest, principal or premium, if any, payable on any Storm Recovery Bond that is punctually paid or duly provided for on the applicable Payment Date shall be paid to the Person in whose name such Storm Recovery Bond (or one or more Predecessor Storm Recovery Bonds) is registered on the Record Date for the applicable Payment Date by check mailed first-class, postage prepaid, to the Person whose name appears as the Registered Holder (or by wire transfer to an account maintained by such Holder) in accordance with payment instructions delivered to the Indenture Trustee by such Holder, and, with respect to Book-Entry Storm Recovery Bonds, payments will be made by wire transfer in immediately available funds to the account designated by the Holder of the applicable Global Storm Recovery Bond unless and until such Global Storm Recovery Bond is exchanged for Definitive Storm Recovery Bonds (in which event payments shall be made as provided above) and except for the final installment of principal and premium, if any, payable with respect to such Storm Recovery Bond on a Payment Date, which shall be payable as provided below.
(b) The principal of each Storm Recovery Bond of each tranche shall be paid, to the extent funds are available therefor in the Collection Account, in installments on each Payment Date specified in the Series Supplement; provided, that installments of principal not paid when scheduled to be paid in accordance with the Expected Sinking Fund Schedule shall be paid upon receipt of money available for such purpose, in the order set forth in the Expected Sinking Fund Schedule. Failure to pay principal in accordance with such Expected Sinking Fund Schedule because moneys are not available pursuant to Section 8.02 to make such payments shall not constitute a Default or Event of Default under this Indenture; provided, however, that failure to pay the entire unpaid principal amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds of a tranche upon the Final Maturity Date for the Storm Recovery Bonds of such tranche shall constitute an Event of Default under this Indenture as set forth in Section 5.01. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the entire unpaid principal amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds shall be due and payable, if not previously paid, on the date on which an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, if the Indenture Trustee or the Holders of Storm Recovery Bonds representing a majority of the Outstanding Amount of Storm Recovery Bonds have declared the Storm Recovery Bonds to be immediately due and payable in the manner provided in Section 5.02. All payments of principal and premium, if any, on the Storm Recovery Bonds shall be made pro rata to the Holders entitled thereto unless otherwise provided in the Series Supplement. Upon written notice from the Issuer, the Indenture Trustee shall notify the Person in whose name a Storm Recovery Bond is registered at the close of business on the Record Date preceding the Payment Date on which the Issuer expects that the final installment of principal of and premium, if any, and interest on the Storm Recovery Bond will be paid. Such notice shall be mailed no later than five (5) days prior to such final Payment Date and shall specify that such final installment will be payable only upon presentation and surrender of such Storm Recovery Bond and shall specify the place where such Storm Recovery Bond may be presented and surrendered for payment of such installment.
(c) If interest on the Storm Recovery Bonds is not paid when due, such defaulted interest shall be paid (plus interest on such defaulted interest at the applicable Bond Interest Rate to the extent lawful) to the Persons who are Holders on a subsequent Special Record Date, which date shall be at least fifteen (15) Business Days prior to the Special Payment Date. The Issuer shall fix or cause to be fixed any such Special Record Date and Special Payment Date, and, at least ten (10) days before any such Special Record Date, the Issuer shall mail to each affected Holder a notice that states the Special Record Date, the Special Payment Date and the amount of defaulted interest (plus interest on such defaulted interest) to be paid.
SECTION 2.09. Cancellation. All Storm Recovery Bonds surrendered for payment, registration of transfer or exchange shall, if surrendered to any Person other than the Indenture Trustee, be delivered to the Indenture Trustee and shall be promptly canceled by the Indenture Trustee. The Issuer may at any time deliver to the Indenture Trustee for cancellation any Storm Recovery Bonds previously authenticated and delivered hereunder that the Issuer may have acquired in any manner whatsoever, and all Storm Recovery Bonds so delivered shall be promptly canceled by the Indenture Trustee. No Storm Recovery Bonds shall be authenticated in lieu of or in exchange for any Storm Recovery Bonds canceled as provided in this Section 2.09, except as expressly permitted by this Indenture. All canceled Storm Recovery Bonds may be held or disposed of by the Indenture Trustee in accordance with its standard retention or disposal policy as in effect at the time.
SECTION 2.10. Outstanding Amount; Authentication and Delivery of Storm Recovery Bonds. The aggregate Outstanding Amount of Storm Recovery Bonds that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture shall not exceed the aggregate of the amount of Storm Recovery Bonds that are authorized in the Financing Order, together with any Subsequent Financing Order, if any, but otherwise shall be unlimited.
Storm Recovery Bonds may at any time be executed by the Issuer and delivered to the Indenture Trustee for authentication and thereupon the same shall be authenticated and delivered by the Indenture Trustee upon Issuer Request and upon delivery by the Issuer to the Indenture Trustee of the following (and if applicable, subject further to the requirements of Section 3.21):
(a) Issuer Action. An Issuer Order authorizing and directing the authentication and delivery of the Storm Recovery Bonds by the Indenture Trustee and specifying the principal amount of Storm Recovery Bonds to be authenticated.
(b) Authorizations. Copies of (i) the Financing Order, which shall be in full force and effect and be Final, (ii) certified resolutions of the Managers or Member of the Issuer authorizing the execution and delivery of the Series Supplement and the execution, authentication and delivery of the Storm Recovery Bonds and (iii) the Series Supplement duly executed by the Issuer.
(c) Opinion Letters. An opinion letter or opinion letters, which may be delivered by one or more counsel for the Issuer, for the Servicer, or for the Seller, dated the Closing Date, in each case subject to the customary exceptions, qualifications and assumptions contained therein, covering the following opinion points (i) all conditions precedent provided for in this Indenture relating to (A) the authentication and delivery of the Storm Recovery Bonds and (B) the execution of the Series Supplement to this Indenture dated the Closing Date have been complied with, (ii) the execution of the Series Supplement is permitted by this Indenture, (iii) such action has been taken with respect to the recording and filing of this Indenture, any indentures supplemental hereto and any other requisite documents, including the execution and filing of such filings (including financing statements and continuation statements) with the appropriate governmental filing office pursuant to the Securitization Act and the Financing Order, as is necessary to perfect and make effective the Lien and the perfected security interest created by this Indenture and the Series Supplement, and, based on a review of a current report of a search of the appropriate governmental filing office, no other Lien that can be perfected solely by the filing of financing statements under the applicable Uniform Commercial Code ranks equal or prior to the Lien of the Indenture Trustee in the Trust Estate, and reciting the details of such action, or stating that, in the opinion of such counsel, no such action is necessary to make effective the Lien, together with the other Opinions of Counsel described in Sections 9(d) through 9(p) of the Underwriting Agreement.
(d) Authorizing Certificate. An Officer’s Certificate, dated the Closing Date, certifying that (i) the Issuer has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture and the Series Supplement and the execution and delivery of the Storm Recovery Bonds and (ii) the Series Supplement is in the form attached thereto and complies with the requirements of Section 2.02.
(e) The Trust Estate. The Issuer shall have made or caused to be made all filings with the Louisiana Filing Officer pursuant to the Financing Order and the Securitization Act and all other filings necessary to perfect the Grant of the Trust Estate to the Indenture Trustee and the Lien of this Indenture and the Series Supplement, including UCC financing statements in Louisiana.
(f) Certificates of the Issuer and the Seller.
(i) An Officer’s Certificate, dated as of the Closing Date:
(A) to the effect that (1) the Issuer is not in Default under this Indenture and that the issuance of the Storm Recovery Bonds will not result in any Default or in any breach of any of the terms, conditions or provisions of or constitute a default under the Financing Order or any indenture, mortgage, credit agreement or other agreement or instrument to which the Issuer is a party or by which it or its properties is bound or any order of any court or administrative agency entered in any Proceeding to which the Issuer is a party or by which it or its properties may be bound or to which it or its properties may be subject and (2) all conditions precedent provided in this Indenture relating to the execution, authentication and delivery of the Storm Recovery Bonds have been complied with;
(B) to the effect that: the Issuer has not assigned any interest or participation in the Trust Estate except for the Grant contained in this Indenture and the Series Supplement; the Issuer has the power and right to Grant the Trust Estate to the Indenture Trustee as security hereunder and thereunder; and the Issuer, subject to the terms of this Indenture, has Granted to the Indenture Trustee a first priority perfected security interest in all of its right, title and interest in and to the Trust Estate free and clear of any Lien arising as a result of actions of the Issuer or through the Issuer (except for any Lien created by the Issuer under the Basic Documents in favor of the Holders and in accordance with Section 1231 of the Securitization Act);
(C) to the effect that the Issuer has appointed the firm of Independent registered public accountants as contemplated in Section 8.06;
(D) to the effect that the Sale Agreement, the Servicing Agreement, and the Administration Agreement are, to the knowledge of the Issuer (and assuming such agreements are enforceable against all parties thereto other than the Issuer and Cleco Power), in full force and effect and, to the knowledge of the Issuer, that no party is in default of its obligations under such agreements;
(E) certifying that the Storm Recovery Bonds have received the ratings from the Rating Agencies if required by the Underwriting Agreement as a condition to the issuance of the Storm Recovery Bonds; and
(F) stating that (i) all conditions precedent provided for in this Indenture relating to (a) the authentication and delivery of the Storm Recovery Bonds, and (b) the execution of the Series Supplement to this Indenture dated as of the date of this Indenture, have been compiled with, (ii) the execution of the Series Supplement to this Indenture dated as of the date of this Indenture is authorized or permitted by this Indenture, and (iii) the Issuer has delivered the documents required under this Section 2.10 and has otherwise satisfied the requirements set out in this Section 2.10, including, but not limited to, complying with Section 2.10(f)(i) hereof.
(ii) An officer’s certificate from the Seller, dated as of the Closing Date, to the effect that:
(A) in the case of the Storm Recovery Property identified in the Bill of Sale, immediately prior to the conveyance thereof to the Issuer pursuant to the Sale Agreement: the Seller was the original and the sole owner of the Storm Recovery Property, free and clear of any Lien; the Seller had not assigned any interest or participation in the Storm Recovery Property and the proceeds thereof other than to the Issuer pursuant to the Sale Agreement; the Seller has the power, authority and right to own, sell and assign such Storm Recovery Property and the proceeds thereof to the Issuer; the Seller has its chief executive office in the State of Louisiana and is a registered organization as defined in the Louisiana UCC; and the Seller, subject to the terms of the Sale Agreement, has validly sold and assigned to the Issuer all of its right, title and interest in, to and under the Storm Recovery Property and the proceeds thereof, free and clear of any Lien (except for any Lien created by the Issuer under the Basic Documents in favor of the Holders and in accordance with Section 1231 of the Securitization Act) and such sale and assignment is absolute and irrevocable and has been perfected;
(B) immediately prior to the conveyance of the Storm Recovery Property identified in the Bill of Sale to the Issuer pursuant to the Sale Agreement, the attached copy of the Financing Order, creating the Storm Recovery Property is true and complete and is in full force and effect; and
(C) the Required Capital Amount has been deposited or caused to be deposited by the Seller with the Indenture Trustee for crediting to the Capital Subaccount.
(g) Requirements of Series Supplement. Such other funds, accounts, documents, certificates, agreements, instruments or opinions as may be required by the terms of the Series Supplement.
(h) Other Requirements. Such other documents, certificates, agreements, instruments or opinions as the Indenture Trustee may reasonably require.
SECTION 2.11. Book-Entry Storm Recovery Bonds. Unless the Series Supplement provides otherwise, all of the Storm Recovery Bonds shall be issued in Book-Entry Form, and the Issuer shall execute and the Indenture Trustee shall, in accordance with this Section 2.11 and the Issuer Order, authenticate and deliver one or more Global Storm Recovery Bonds, evidencing the Storm Recovery Bonds, which (a) shall be an aggregate original principal amount equal to the aggregate original principal amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds to be issued pursuant to the Issuer Order, (b) shall be registered in the name of the Clearing Agency therefor or its nominee, which shall initially be Cede & Co., as nominee for The Depository Trust Company, the initial Clearing Agency, (c) shall be delivered by the Indenture Trustee pursuant to such Clearing Agency’s or such nominee’s instructions and (d) shall bear a legend substantially to the effect set forth in Exhibit A to the Form of Series Supplement.
Each Clearing Agency designated pursuant to this Section 2.11 must, at the time of its designation and at all times while it serves as Clearing Agency hereunder, be a “clearing agency” registered under the Exchange Act and any other applicable statute or regulation.
No Holder of Storm Recovery Bonds issued in Book-Entry Form shall receive a Definitive Storm Recovery Bond representing such Holder’s interest in any of the Storm Recovery Bonds, except as provided in Section 2.13. Unless (and until) certificated, fully registered Storm Recovery Bonds (the “Definitive Storm Recovery Bonds”) have been issued to the Holders pursuant to Section 2.13 or pursuant to the Series Supplement relating thereto:
(i) the provisions of this Section 2.11 shall be in full force and effect;
(ii) the Issuer, the Servicer, the Paying Agent, the Storm Recovery Bond Registrar and the Indenture Trustee may deal with the Clearing Agency for all purposes (including the making of distributions on the Storm Recovery Bonds and the giving of instructions or directions hereunder) as the authorized representative of the Holders;
(iii) to the extent that the provisions of this Section 2.11 conflict with any other provisions of this Indenture, the provisions of this Section 2.11 shall control;
(iv) the rights of Holders shall be exercised only through the Clearing Agency and the Clearing Agency Participants and shall be limited to those established by applicable law and agreements between such Holders and the Clearing Agency and/or the Clearing Agency Participants. Pursuant to the Letter of Representations, unless and until Definitive Storm Recovery Bonds are issued pursuant to Section 2.13, the initial Clearing Agency will make book-entry transfers among the Clearing Agency Participants and receive and transmit distributions of principal of and interest on the Book-Entry Storm Recovery Bonds to such Clearing Agency Participants; and
(v) whenever this Indenture requires or permits actions to be taken based upon instruction or directions of the Holders evidencing a specified percentage of the Outstanding Amount of Storm Recovery Bonds, the Clearing Agency shall be deemed to represent such percentage only to the extent that it has received instructions to such effect from the Holders and/or the Clearing Agency Participants owning or representing, respectively, such required percentage of the beneficial interest in the Storm Recovery Bonds and has delivered such instructions to a Responsible Officer of the Indenture Trustee.
SECTION 2.12. Notices to Clearing Agency. Unless and until Definitive Storm Recovery Bonds shall have been issued to Holders pursuant to Section 2.13, whenever notice, payment or other communications to the holders of Book-Entry Storm Recovery Bonds is required under this Indenture, the Indenture Trustee, the Servicer and the Paying Agent, as applicable, shall make all such payments to, and give all such notices and communications specified herein, to the Clearing Agency.
SECTION 2.13. Definitive Storm Recovery Bonds. If (a) (i) the Issuer advises the Indenture Trustee in writing that the Clearing Agency is no longer willing or able to properly discharge its responsibilities under any Letter of Representations and (ii) the Issuer is unable to locate a qualified successor Clearing Agency, (b) the Issuer, at its option, advises the Indenture Trustee in writing that it elects to terminate the book-entry system through the Clearing Agency or (c) after the occurrence of an Event of Default hereunder, Holders holding a majority of the Outstanding Amount of Storm Recovery Bonds maintained as Book-Entry Storm Recovery Bonds advise the Indenture Trustee, the Issuer and the Clearing Agency (through the Clearing Agency Participants) in writing that the continuation of a book-entry system through the Clearing Agency is no longer in the best interests of the Holders, the Issuer shall notify the Clearing Agency, the Indenture Trustee and all such Holders in writing of the occurrence of any such event and of the availability of Definitive Storm Recovery Bonds to the Holders requesting the same. Upon surrender to the Indenture Trustee of the Global Storm Recovery Bonds by the Clearing Agency accompanied by registration instructions from such Clearing Agency for registration, the Issuer shall execute, and the Indenture Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, Definitive Storm Recovery Bonds in accordance with the instructions of the Clearing Agency. None of the Issuer, the Storm Recovery Bond Registrar, the Paying Agent or the Indenture Trustee shall be liable for any delay in delivery of such instructions and may conclusively rely on, and shall be fully protected in relying on, such instructions. Upon the issuance of Definitive Storm Recovery Bonds, the Indenture Trustee shall recognize the Holders of the Definitive Storm Recovery Bonds as Holders hereunder without need for any consent or acknowledgement from the Holders.
Definitive Storm Recovery Bonds will be transferable and exchangeable at the offices of the Storm Recovery Bond Registrar.
SECTION 2.14. CUSIP Number. The Issuer in issuing any Storm Recovery Bonds may use a “CUSIP” number and, if so used, the Indenture Trustee shall use the CUSIP number provided to it by the Issuer in any notices to the Holders thereof as a convenience to such Holders; provided, that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness or accuracy of the CUSIP number printed in the notice or on the Storm Recovery Bonds and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on the Storm Recovery Bonds. The Issuer shall promptly notify the Indenture Trustee in writing of any change in the CUSIP number with respect to any Storm Recovery Bond.
SECTION 2.15. Letter of Representations. The Issuer shall comply with the terms of each Letter of Representations applicable to the Issuer.
SECTION 2.16. Tax Treatment. The Issuer and the Indenture Trustee, by entering into this Indenture, and the Holders and any Persons holding a beneficial interest in any Storm Recovery Bond, by acquiring any Storm Recovery Bond or interest therein, (a) express their intention that, solely for the purposes of U.S. federal taxes and, to the extent consistent with applicable state, local and other tax law, solely for the purposes of state, local and other taxes, the Storm Recovery Bonds qualify under applicable tax law as indebtedness of the Member secured by the Trust Estate and (b) solely for the purposes of U.S. federal taxes and, to the extent consistent with applicable state, local and other tax law, solely for purposes of state, local and other taxes, so long as any of the Storm Recovery Bonds are outstanding, agree to treat the Storm Recovery Bonds as indebtedness of the Member secured by the Trust Estate unless otherwise required by appropriate taxing authorities.
SECTION 2.17. State Pledge and Louisiana Commission Pledge. Each Storm Recovery Bond shall state that the Securitization Act provides that the State of Louisiana pledges “to and agrees with bondholders, the owners of storm recovery property, and other financing parties that the state will not:
(1) | Alter the provisions of this Part [the Securitization Act] which authorize the commission to create a contract right by the issuance of a financing order, to create storm recovery property, and to make the storm recovery charges imposed by a financing order irrevocable, binding, and nonbypassable charges; |
(2) | Take or permit any action that impairs or would impair the value of the storm recovery property; or |
(3) | Except as allowed under this Section [Section 1234 the Securitization Act] and except for adjustments under any true-up mechanism established by the commission, reduce, alter, or impair storm recovery charges that are to be imposed, collected, and remitted for the benefit of the bondholders and other financing parties until any and all principal, interest, premium, financing costs and other fees, expenses, or charges incurred, and any contracts to be performed, in connection with the related storm recovery bonds have been paid and performed in full. Nothing in this Paragraph shall preclude limitation or alteration if and when full compensation is made by law for the full protection of the storm recovery charges collected pursuant to a financing order and full protection of the holders of storm recovery bonds and any assignee or financing party.” |
In addition, each Storm Recovery Bond shall state that the Financing Order provides that the Louisiana Commission “covenants, pledges and agrees it thereafter shall not amend, modify, or terminate th[e] Financing Order by any subsequent action, or reduce, impair, postpone, terminate, or otherwise adjust the storm recovery charges approved in th[e] Financing Order, or in any way reduce or impair the value of the storm recovery property created by th[e] Financing Order, except as may be contemplated by a refinancing authorized in strict accordance with the Securitization Act by a subsequent order of the Commission or by the periodic true up adjustments authorized by th[e] Financing Order, until the indefeasible payment in full of the storm recovery bonds and the related financing costs.”
The Issuer hereby acknowledges that the purchase of any Storm Recovery Bond by a Holder or the purchase of any beneficial interest in a Storm Recovery Bond by any Person and the Indenture Trustee’s obligations to perform hereunder are made in reliance on such agreement and pledge by the State of Louisiana and the Louisiana Commission.
SECTION 2.18. Security Interests. The Issuer hereby makes the following representations and warranties. Other than the security interests granted to the Indenture Trustee pursuant to this Indenture, the Issuer has not pledged, granted, sold, conveyed or otherwise assigned any interests or security interests in the Trust Estate and no security agreement, financing statement or equivalent security or Lien instrument listing the Issuer as debtor covering all or any part of the Trust Estate is on file or of record in any jurisdiction, except such as may have been filed, recorded or made by the Issuer in favor of the Indenture Trustee on behalf of the Holders in connection with this Indenture. This Indenture constitutes a valid and continuing Lien on, and first priority perfected security interest in, the Trust Estate in favor of the Indenture Trustee on behalf of the Holders, which Lien and security interest is prior to all other Liens and is enforceable as such as against creditors of and purchasers from the Issuer in accordance with its terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent conveyance, reorganization, moratorium and other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally or by general equitable principles, whether considered in a proceeding at law or in equity and by an implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing. With respect to the Trust Estate, this Indenture, together with the Series Supplement, creates a valid and continuing first priority perfected security interest (as defined in the UCC) in the Trust Estate, which security interest is prior to all other Liens and is enforceable as such as against creditors of and purchasers from the Issuer in accordance with its terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent conveyance, reorganization, moratorium and other similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally or by general equitable principles, whether considered in a proceeding at law or in equity and by an implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing. The Issuer has good and marketable title to the Trust Estate free and clear of any Lien of any Person (except for any Lien created by the Issuer under the Basic Documents in favor of the Holders and in accordance with Section 1231 of the Securitization Act). The Issuer has taken, or caused the Servicer to take, all action necessary to perfect the security interest in the Trust Estate granted to the Indenture Trustee, for the benefit of the Holders. The Issuer has filed (or has caused the Servicer to file) all appropriate financing statements in the proper filing offices in the appropriate jurisdictions under applicable law in order to perfect the security interest in the Trust Estate granted to the Indenture Trustee. The Issuer has not authorized the filing of and is not aware, after due inquiry, of any financing statements against the Issuer that include a description of the Trust Estate other than those filed in favor of the Indenture Trustee. The Issuer is not aware of any judgment or tax lien filings against the Issuer. The Collection Account (including all Subaccounts thereof other than the Capital Subaccount) constitutes a “securities account” within the meaning of the UCC and the Capital Subaccount constitutes a “deposit account” within the meaning of the UCC. The Issuer has taken all steps necessary to cause the Securities Intermediary of each such securities account to identify in its records the Indenture Trustee as the Person having a security entitlement against the Securities Intermediary in such securities account, no Collection Account is in the name of any Person other than the Indenture Trustee, and the Issuer has not consented to the Securities Intermediary of the Collection Account to comply with entitlement orders of any Person other than the Indenture Trustee. All of the Trust Estate constituting investment property has been and will have been credited to the Collection Account or a Subaccount thereof, and the Securities Intermediary for the Collection Account has agreed to treat all assets credited to the Collection Account (other than cash) as “financial assets” within the meaning of the UCC and cash will be allocated to the Capital Subaccount. Accordingly, the Indenture Trustee has a first priority perfected security interest in the Collection Account, all funds and financial assets on deposit therein, and all securities entitlements relating thereto. The representations and warranties set forth in this Section 2.18 shall survive the execution and delivery of this Indenture and the issuance of the Storm Recovery Bonds, shall be deemed re-made on each date on which any funds in the Collection Account are distributed to the Issuer as provided in Section 8.04 or otherwise released from the Lien of this Indenture and may not be waived by any party hereto except pursuant to a supplemental indenture executed in accordance with Article IX and as to which the Rating Agency Condition has been satisfied.
ARTICLE III
Covenants
SECTION 3.01. Payment of Principal, Premium, if any, and Interest. The principal of and premium, if any, and interest on the Storm Recovery Bonds shall be duly and punctually paid by the Issuer, or the Servicer on behalf of the Issuer, in accordance with the terms of the Storm Recovery Bonds and this Indenture and the Series Supplement; provided, that, except on a Final Maturity Date of a tranche or upon the acceleration of the Storm Recovery Bonds following the occurrence of an Event of Default, the Issuer shall only be obligated to pay the principal of such Storm Recovery Bonds on each Payment Date therefor to the extent moneys are available for such payment pursuant to Section 8.02. Amounts properly withheld under the Code, the Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder or other tax laws by any Person from a payment to any Holder of interest or principal or premium, if any, shall be considered as having been paid by the Issuer to such Holder for all purposes of this Indenture.
SECTION 3.02. Maintenance of Office or Agency. The Issuer shall initially maintain in Pineville, Louisiana an office or agency where Storm Recovery Bonds may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange. The Issuer shall give prompt written notice to the Indenture Trustee of the location, and of any change in the location, of any such office or agency. The Issuer hereby initially appoints the Indenture Trustee to serve as its agent for the foregoing purposes, and the office of the Indenture Trustee at the BNY Mellon Trust Company, N.A., Corporate Trust, 2001 Bryan Street, 10th Floor, Dallas Texas 75201, Attn: Transfer Exchange – Cleco Power Office shall serve as the offices provided above in this Section 3.02. If at any time the Issuer shall fail to maintain any such office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Indenture Trustee with the address thereof, such surrenders may be made at the office of the Indenture Trustee located at the Corporate Trust Office of the Indenture Trustee, and the Issuer hereby appoints the Indenture Trustee as its agent to receive all such surrenders.
SECTION 3.03. Money for Payments To Be Held in Trust. As provided in Section 8.02(a), all payments of amounts due and payable with respect to any Storm Recovery Bonds that are to be made from amounts withdrawn from the Collection Account pursuant to Section 8.02(e) shall be made on behalf of the Issuer by the Indenture Trustee or by another Paying Agent, and no amounts so withdrawn from the Collection Account for payments with respect to any Storm Recovery Bonds shall be paid over to the Issuer except as provided in this Section 3.03 and Section 8.02.
Each Paying Agent shall meet the eligibility criteria set forth for any Indenture Trustee under Section 6.11. The Issuer will cause each Paying Agent other than the Indenture Trustee to execute and deliver to the Indenture Trustee an instrument in which such Paying Agent shall agree with the Indenture Trustee (and if the Indenture Trustee acts as Paying Agent, it hereby so agrees), subject to the provisions of this Section 3.03, that such Paying Agent will:
(a) hold all sums held by it for the payment of amounts due with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided and pay such sums to such Persons as herein provided;
(b) give the Indenture Trustee, unless the Indenture Trustee is the Paying Agent, the Louisiana Commission and the Rating Agencies written notice of any Default by the Issuer of which it has actual knowledge in the making of any payment required to be made with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds;
(c) at any time during the continuance of any such Default, upon the written request of the Indenture Trustee, forthwith pay to the Indenture Trustee all sums so held in trust by such Paying Agent;
(d) immediately, with notice to the Rating Agencies, resign as a Paying Agent and forthwith pay to the Indenture Trustee all sums held by it in trust for the payment of Storm Recovery Bonds if at any time the Paying Agent determines that it has ceased to meet the standards required to be met by a Paying Agent at the time of such determination; and
(e) comply with all requirements of the Code, the Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder and other tax laws with respect to the withholding from any payments made by it on any Storm Recovery Bonds of any applicable withholding taxes imposed thereon and with respect to any applicable reporting requirements in connection therewith.
The Issuer may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, pay, or by Issuer Order direct any Paying Agent to pay to the Indenture Trustee all sums held in trust by such Paying Agent, such sums to be held by the Indenture Trustee upon the same trusts as those upon which the sums were held by such Paying Agent; and, upon such payment by any Paying Agent to the Indenture Trustee, such Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such money.
Subject to applicable laws with respect to escheatment of funds, any money held by the Indenture Trustee or any Paying Agent in trust for the payment of any amount due with respect to any Storm Recovery Bond and remaining unclaimed for two years after such amount has become due and payable shall be discharged from such trust and be paid to the Issuer upon receipt of an Issuer Request; and, subject to Section 10.14, the Holder of such Storm Recovery Bond shall thereafter, as an unsecured general creditor, look only to the Issuer for payment thereof (but only to the extent of the amounts so paid to the Issuer), and all liability of the Indenture Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money shall thereupon cease; provided, however, that the Indenture Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being required to make any such repayment, may at the expense of the Issuer, cause to be published once, in a newspaper published in the English language, customarily published on each Business Day and of general circulation in The City of New York, notice that such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which shall not be less than thirty (30) days from the date of such publication, any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will be repaid to the Issuer. The Indenture Trustee may also adopt and employ, at the written direction and expense of the Issuer, any other reasonable means of notification of such repayment (including mailing notice of such repayment to Holders whose right to or interest in moneys due and payable but not claimed is determinable from the records of the Indenture Trustee or of any Paying Agent, at the last address of record for each such Holder).
SECTION 3.04. Existence. The Issuer shall keep in full effect its existence, rights and franchises as a limited liability company under the laws of the State of Louisiana (unless it becomes, or any successor Issuer hereunder is or becomes, organized under the laws of any other State or of the United States of America, in which case the Issuer will keep in full effect its existence, rights and franchises under the laws of such other jurisdiction) and will obtain and preserve its qualification to do business in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is or shall be necessary to protect the validity and enforceability of this Indenture, the other Basic Documents, the Storm Recovery Bonds, the Trust Estate and each other instrument or agreement referenced herein or therein.
SECTION 3.05. Protection of Trust Estate. The Issuer shall from time to time execute and deliver all such supplements and amendments hereto and all filings with the Louisiana Filing Officer pursuant to the Financing Order or to the Securitization Act and all financing statements, continuation statements, instruments of further assurance and other instruments, and shall take such other action necessary or advisable, to:
(a) maintain or preserve the Lien (and the priority thereof) of this Indenture or carry out more effectively the purposes hereof;
(b) perfect, publish notice of or protect the validity of any Grant made or to be made by this Indenture;
(c) enforce any of the Trust Estate;
(d) preserve and defend title to the Trust Estate and the rights of the Indenture Trustee and the Holders in the Trust Estate against the Claims of all Persons, including a challenge by any party to the validity or enforceability of the Financing Order, the Storm Recovery Property or any Proceeding relating thereto and institute any action or proceeding necessary to compel performance by the Louisiana Commission or the State of Louisiana of any of its obligations or duties under the Securitization Act, the State Pledge, the Louisiana Commission Pledge, or the Financing Order, as the case may be; and
(e) pay any and all taxes levied or assessed upon all or any part of the Trust Estate.
The Indenture Trustee is specifically permitted and authorized, but not required to file financing statements covering the Trust Estate, including financing statements that describe the Trust Estate as “all assets” or “all personal property” of the Issuer; provided, however, that such authorization shall not be deemed to be an obligation and it being understood that the Indenture Trustee shall not be responsible for filing any such financing statement unless directed to do so in accordance with the provisions of this Section 3.05 and shall have no obligations or any duty to prepare, authorize, execute or file such documents.
SECTION 3.06. Opinions as to Trust Estate.
(a) Not later than March 31 of each calendar year beginning with March 31, 2023, the Issuer shall furnish to the Indenture Trustee an Opinion of Counsel of the Issuer either stating that, in the opinion of such counsel, such action has been taken with respect to the recording, filing, re-recording and refiling of this Indenture, any indentures supplemental hereto and any other requisite documents, including the execution and filing of such filings (including financing statements and continuation statements) with the Louisiana Filing Officer pursuant to the Securitization Act and the Financing Order, as is necessary to maintain the Lien and the perfected security interest created by this Indenture and reciting the details of such action, or stating that, in the opinion of such counsel, no such action is necessary to maintain the Lien. Such Opinion of Counsel shall also describe the recording, filing, re-recording and refiling of this Indenture, any indentures supplemental hereto and any other requisite documents including the execution and filing of any filings of financing statements and continuation statements with the Louisiana Filing Officer that will, in the opinion of such counsel, be required within the 12-month period following the date of such opinion to maintain the Lien and the perfected security interest created by this Indenture.
(b) Prior to the effectiveness of any amendment to the Sale Agreement or the Servicing Agreement, the Issuer shall furnish to the Indenture Trustee an Opinion of Counsel of external counsel of the Issuer either (i) stating that, in the opinion of such counsel, all filings, including UCC financing statements and other filings with the Louisiana Filing Officer pursuant to the Securitization Act or the applicable Financing Order have been executed and filed that are necessary fully to preserve and protect the Lien and the perfected security interest created by this Indenture, and reciting the details of such filings or referring to prior Opinions of Counsel in which such details are given, or (ii) stating that, in the opinion of such counsel, no such action shall be necessary to preserve and protect the Lien.
SECTION 3.07. Performance of Obligations; Servicing; SEC Filings.
(a) The Issuer (i) shall diligently pursue any and all actions to enforce its rights under each instrument or agreement included in the Trust Estate and (ii) shall not take any action and shall use its best efforts not to permit any action to be taken by others that would release any Person from any of such Person’s covenants or obligations under any such instrument or agreement or that would result in the amendment, hypothecation, subordination, termination or discharge of, or impair the validity or effectiveness of, any such instrument or agreement, except, in each case, as expressly provided in this Indenture, the Series Supplement, the Sale Agreement, the Servicing Agreement, or such other instrument or agreement.
(b) The Issuer may contract with other Persons selected with due care to assist it in performing its duties under this Indenture, and any performance of such duties by a Person identified to the Indenture Trustee herein or in an Officer’s Certificate shall be deemed to be action taken by the Issuer. Initially, the Issuer has contracted with the Servicer to assist the Issuer in performing its duties under this Indenture.
(c) The Issuer shall punctually perform and observe all of its obligations and agreements contained in this Indenture, the Series Supplement, the other Basic Documents and the instruments and agreements included in the Trust Estate, including filing or causing to be filed all filings with the Louisiana Filing Officer pursuant to the Securitization Act or the Financing Order, all UCC financing statements and all continuation statements required to be filed by it by the terms of this Indenture, the Series Supplement, the Sale Agreement and the Servicing Agreement in accordance with and within the time periods provided for herein and therein.
(d) If the Issuer shall have knowledge of the occurrence of a Servicer Default under the Servicing Agreement, the Issuer shall promptly give written notice thereof to the Indenture Trustee, the Louisiana Commission and the Rating Agencies and shall specify in such notice the response or action, if any, the Issuer has taken or is taking with respect to such Servicer Default. If a Servicer Default shall arise from the failure of the Servicer to perform any of its duties or obligations under the Servicing Agreement with respect to the Storm Recovery Property or the Storm Recovery Charges, the Issuer shall take all reasonable steps available to it to remedy such failure.
(e) As promptly as possible after the giving of notice of termination to the Servicer and the Rating Agencies of the Servicer’s rights and powers pursuant to Section 7.01 of the Servicing Agreement, the Indenture Trustee shall, at the written direction either (a) of the Holders evidencing a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds, or (b) of the Louisiana Commission, appoint a successor Servicer (the “Successor Servicer”) with the Issuer’s prior written consent thereto (which shall not be unreasonably withheld), and such Successor Servicer shall accept its appointment by a written assumption in a form acceptable to the Issuer. A Person shall qualify as a Successor Servicer only if such Person satisfies the requirements of the Servicing Agreement and the Financing Order relating to a Successor Servicer. If, within thirty (30) days after the delivery of the notice referred to above, a new Servicer shall not have been appointed, the Indenture Trustee may, at the expense of the Issuer, petition the Louisiana Commission or a court of competent jurisdiction to appoint a Successor Servicer. In connection with any such appointment, Cleco Power may make such arrangements for the compensation of such Successor Servicer as it and such successor shall agree, subject to the limitations set forth in Section 6.07 and Section 8.12 of the Servicing Agreement and in the Financing Order.
(f) Upon any termination of the Servicer’s rights and powers pursuant to the Servicing Agreement, the Indenture Trustee shall promptly notify the Issuer, the Louisiana Commission, the Holders and the Rating Agencies. As soon as a Successor Servicer is appointed, the Indenture Trustee shall notify the Issuer, the Louisiana Commission, the Holders and the Rating Agencies of such appointment, specifying in such notice the name and address of such Successor Servicer.
(g) The Issuer shall (or shall cause Cleco Power to) post on its website (which for this purpose may be the website of any direct or indirect parent company of the Issuer) and, to the extent consistent with the Issuer’s and Cleco Power’s obligations under applicable law, file with or furnish to the SEC in periodic reports and other reports as are required from time to time under Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act, the following information (other than any such information filed with the SEC and publicly available to investors unless the Issuer specifically requests such items to be posted) with respect to the Outstanding Storm Recovery Bonds, in each case to the extent such information is reasonably available to the Issuer:
(i) a statement reporting the balances in the Collection Account and in each Subaccount of the Collection Account as of all Payment Dates (to be included on the next Form 10-D filed) and as of the end of each year (to be included on the next Form 10-K filed);
(ii) the Semi-Annual Servicer’s Certificate as required to be submitted pursuant to the Servicing Agreement (to be filed with a Form 10-D, Form 10-K or Form 8-K, or successor forms thereto);
(iii) the Monthly Servicer’s Certificate as required to be submitted pursuant to the Servicing Agreement;
(iv) the text (or a link to the website where a reader can find the text) of each filing of a True-Up Adjustment and the results of each such filing;
(v) any change in the long-term or short-term credit ratings of the Servicer assigned by the Rating Agencies;
(vi) material legislative enactment or regulatory order or rule directly relevant to the Outstanding Storm Recovery Bonds (to be filed or furnished in a Form 8-K); and
(vii) any reports and other information that the Issuer is required to file with the SEC under the Exchange Act, including but not limited to periodic and current reports related to the Storm Recovery Bonds consistent with the disclosure and reporting regime established in Regulation AB.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing herein shall preclude the Issuer from voluntarily suspending or terminating its filing obligations as Issuer with the SEC to the extent permitted by applicable law. Any such reports or information delivered to the Indenture Trustee for purposes of this Section 3.07(g) is for informational purposes only, and the Indenture Trustee’s receipt of such reports or information shall not constitute actual or constructive notice of any information contained therein or determinable from information contained therein, including the Issuer’s compliance with any of its covenants hereunder (as to which the Indenture Trustee is entitled to conclusively rely on an Officer’s Certificate).
(h) The Issuer shall direct the Indenture Trustee to post on the Indenture Trustee’s website for investors (based solely on information set forth in the Semi-Annual Servicer’s Certificate) with respect to the Outstanding Storm Recovery Bonds, to the extent such information is set forth in the Semi-Annual Servicer’s Certificate, a statement showing the balance of Outstanding Storm Recovery Bonds that reflects the actual payments made on the Storm Recovery Bonds during the applicable period.
The address of the Indenture Trustee’s website for investors is https://gctinvestorreporting.bnymellon.com. The Indenture Trustee shall immediately notify the Issuer, the Louisiana Commission, the Holders and the Rating Agencies of any change to the address of the website for investors.
(i) The Issuer shall make all filings required under the Financing Order relating to the transfer of the ownership or security interest in the Storm Recovery Property other than those required to be made by the Seller or the Servicer pursuant to the Basic Documents.
SECTION 3.08. Certain Negative Covenants. So long as Storm Recovery Bonds are Outstanding, the Issuer shall not:
(a) except as expressly permitted by this Indenture and the other Basic Documents, or in connection with the issuance of Additional Series, sell, transfer, convey, exchange or otherwise dispose of any of the properties or assets of the Issuer, including those included in the Trust Estate, unless in accordance with Article V;
(b) claim any credit on, or make any deduction from the principal or premium, if any, or interest payable in respect of, the Storm Recovery Bonds (other than amounts properly withheld from such payments under the Code, the Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder or other tax laws) or assert any claim against any present or former Holder by reason of the payment of the taxes levied or assessed upon any part of the Trust Estate;
(c) terminate its existence or dissolve or liquidate in whole or in part, except in a transaction permitted by Section 3.10;
(d) (i) permit the validity or effectiveness of this Indenture or the other Basic Documents to be impaired, or permit the Lien of this Indenture to be amended, hypothecated, subordinated, terminated or discharged, or permit any Person to be released from any covenants or obligations with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds under this Indenture except as may be expressly permitted hereby, (ii) permit any Lien (other than the Lien of this Indenture) to be created on or extend to or otherwise arise upon or burden the Trust Estate or any part thereof or any interest therein or the proceeds thereof (other than tax liens arising by operation of law with respect to amounts not yet due) or (iii) permit the Lien of this Indenture not to constitute a valid first priority perfected security interest in the Trust Estate;
(e) elect to be classified as an association taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes or otherwise take any action, file any tax return or make any election inconsistent with the treatment of the Issuer, for U.S. federal income tax purposes and, to the extent consistent with applicable state tax law, state income and franchise tax purposes, as a disregarded entity that is not separate from the sole owner of the Issuer;
(f) change its name, identity or structure or the location of its chief executive office or state of formation, unless at least ten (10) Business Days prior to the effective date of any such change the Issuer delivers to the Indenture Trustee (with copies to the Rating Agencies) such documents, instruments or agreements, executed by the Issuer, as are necessary to reflect such change and to continue the perfection of the security interest of this Indenture;
(g) take any action that is subject to a Rating Agency Condition without satisfying the Rating Agency Condition;
(h) except to the extent permitted by applicable law, voluntarily suspend or terminate its filing obligations with the SEC as described in Section 3.07(g); or
(i) issue any debt obligations other than storm recovery bonds permitted by this Indenture.
SECTION 3.09. Annual Statement as to Compliance. The Issuer will deliver to the Indenture Trustee, the Louisiana Commission and the Rating Agencies not later than March 31 of each year (commencing with March 31, 2023), an Officer’s Certificate stating, as to the Responsible Officer signing such Officer’s Certificate, that:
(a) a review of the activities of the Issuer during the preceding twelve (12) months ended December 31 (or, in the case of the first such Officer’s Certificate, since the date hereof) and of performance under this Indenture has been made; and
(b) to the best of such Responsible Officer’s knowledge, based on such review, the Issuer has in all material respects complied with all conditions and covenants under this Indenture throughout such 12-month period (or such shorter period in the case of the first such Officer’s Certificate), or, if there has been a default in the compliance of any such condition or covenant, specifying each such default known to such Responsible Officer and the nature and status thereof.
SECTION 3.10. Issuer May Consolidate, etc., Only on Certain Terms.
(a) The Issuer shall not consolidate or merge with or into any other Person, unless:
(i) the Person (if other than the Issuer) formed by or surviving such consolidation or merger shall (A) be a Person organized and existing under the laws of the United States of America or any State, (B) expressly assume, by an indenture supplemental hereto, executed and delivered to the Indenture Trustee, in form and substance satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee, the performance or observance of every agreement and covenant of this Indenture and the Series Supplement on the part of the Issuer to be performed or observed, all as provided herein and in the Series Supplement, and (C) assume all obligations and succeed to all rights of the Issuer under the Sale Agreement, Servicing Agreement and the other Basic Document to which the Issuer is a party;
(ii) immediately after giving effect to such merger or consolidation, no Default, Event of Default or Servicer Default shall have occurred and be continuing;
(iii) the Rating Agency Condition shall have been satisfied with respect to such merger or consolidation;
(iv) the Issuer shall have delivered to Cleco Power, the Indenture Trustee and the Rating Agencies an opinion or opinions of outside tax counsel (as selected by the Issuer, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Cleco Power and the Indenture Trustee, and which may be based on a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service (unless the Internal Revenue Service has announced that it will not rule on the issues described in this paragraph)) to the effect that the consolidation or merger will not result in a material adverse U.S. federal or state income tax consequence to the Issuer, Cleco Power, the Indenture Trustee or the then-existing Holders;
(v) any action as is necessary to maintain the Lien and the perfected security interest in the Trust Estate created by this Indenture shall have been taken as evidenced by an Opinion of Counsel of external counsel of the Issuer delivered to the Indenture Trustee; and
(vi) the Issuer shall have delivered to the Indenture Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel of external counsel of the Issuer each stating that such consolidation or merger and such supplemental indenture comply with this Indenture and the Series Supplement and that all conditions precedent herein provided for in this Section 3.10(a) with respect to such transaction have been complied with (including any filing required by the Exchange Act).
(b) Except as specifically provided herein, the Issuer shall not sell, convey, exchange, transfer or otherwise dispose of any of its properties or assets included in the Trust Estate, to any Person, unless:
(i) the Person that acquires the properties and assets of the Issuer, the conveyance or transfer of which is hereby restricted, (A) shall be a United States citizen or a Person organized and existing under the laws of the United States of America or any State, (B) expressly assumes, by an indenture supplemental hereto, executed and delivered to the Indenture Trustee, in form and substance satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee, the performance or observance of every agreement and covenant of this Indenture on the part of the Issuer to be performed or observed, all as provided herein and in the Series Supplement, (C) expressly agrees by means of such supplemental indenture that all right, title and interest so sold, conveyed, exchanged, transferred or otherwise disposed of shall be subject and subordinate to the rights of Holders, (D) unless otherwise provided in the supplemental indenture referred to in Section 3.10(b)(i)(B), expressly agrees to indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee against and from any loss, liability or expense arising under or related to this Indenture, the Series Supplement and the Storm Recovery Bonds, (E) expressly agrees by means of such supplemental indenture that such Person (or if a group of Persons, then one specified Person) shall make all filings with the SEC (and any other appropriate Person) required by the Exchange Act in connection with the Trust Estate and the Storm Recovery Bonds and (F) if such sale, conveyance, exchange, transfer or disposal relates to the Issuer’s rights and obligations under the Sale Agreement or the Servicing Agreement, assumes all obligations and succeeds to all rights of the Issuer under the Sale Agreement and the Servicing Agreement, as applicable;
(ii) immediately after giving effect to such transaction, no Default, Event of Default or Servicer Default shall have occurred and be continuing;
(iii) the Rating Agency Condition shall have been satisfied with respect to such transaction;
(iv) the Issuer shall have delivered to Cleco Power, the Indenture Trustee and the Rating Agencies an opinion or opinions of outside tax counsel (as selected by the Issuer, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Cleco Power, and which may be based on a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service (unless the Internal Revenue Service has announced that it will not rule on the issues described in this paragraph)) to the effect that the disposition will not result in a material adverse U.S. federal or state income tax consequence to the Issuer, Cleco Power, the Indenture Trustee or the then-existing Holders;
(v) any action as is necessary to maintain the Lien and the perfected security interest in the Trust Estate created by this Indenture shall have been taken as evidenced by an Opinion of Counsel of external counsel of the Issuer delivered to the Indenture Trustee; and
(vi) the Issuer shall have delivered to the Indenture Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel of external counsel of the Issuer each stating that such sale, conveyance, exchange, transfer or other disposition and such supplemental indenture comply with this Indenture and that all conditions precedent herein provided for in this Section 3.10(b) with respect to such transaction have been complied with (including any filing required by the Exchange Act).
SECTION 3.11. Successor or Transferee.
(a) Upon any consolidation or merger of the Issuer in accordance with Section 3.10(a), the Person formed by or surviving such consolidation or merger (if other than the Issuer) shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Issuer under this Indenture with the same effect as if such Person had been named as the Issuer herein.
(b) Except as set forth in Section 6.07, upon a sale, conveyance, exchange, transfer or other disposition of all the assets and properties of the Issuer in accordance with Section 3.10(b), the Issuer will be released from every covenant and agreement of this Indenture and the other Basic Documents to be observed or performed on the part of the Issuer with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds and the Storm Recovery Property immediately following the consummation of such acquisition upon the delivery of written notice to the Indenture Trustee from the Person acquiring such assets and properties stating that the Issuer is to be so released.
SECTION 3.12. No Other Business. The Issuer shall not engage in any business other than financing, purchasing, owning, administering, managing and servicing the Storm Recovery Property and the assets in the Trust Estate and the issuance of the Storm Recovery Bonds in the manner contemplated by the Financing Order and this Indenture and the other Basic Documents and activities incidental thereto.
SECTION 3.13. No Borrowing. The Issuer shall not issue, incur, assume, guarantee or otherwise become liable, directly or indirectly, for any indebtedness except for the Storm Recovery Bonds permitted by this Indenture and any other indebtedness expressly permitted by or arising under the Basic Documents.
SECTION 3.14. Servicer’s Obligations. The Issuer shall enforce the Servicer’s compliance with and performance of all of the Servicer’s material obligations under the Servicing Agreement.
SECTION 3.15. Guarantees, Loans, Advances and Other Liabilities. Except as otherwise contemplated by the Sale Agreement, the Servicing Agreement or this Indenture, the Issuer shall not make any loan or advance or credit to, or guarantee (directly or indirectly or by an instrument having the effect of assuring another’s payment or performance on any obligation or capability of so doing or otherwise), endorse or otherwise become contingently liable, directly or indirectly, in connection with the obligations, stocks or dividends of, or own, purchase, repurchase or acquire (or agree contingently to do so) any stock, obligations, assets or securities of, or any other interest in, or make any capital contribution to, any other Person.
SECTION 3.16. Capital Expenditures. Other than the purchase of Storm Recovery Property from the Seller under the Sale Agreement, the Issuer shall not make any expenditure (by long-term or operating lease or otherwise) for capital assets (either realty or personalty).
SECTION 3.17. Restricted Payments. Except as provided in Section 8.04(c), the Issuer shall not, directly or indirectly, (a) pay any dividend or make any distribution (by reduction of capital or otherwise), whether in cash, property, securities or a combination thereof, to any owner of an interest in the Issuer or otherwise with respect to any ownership or equity interest or similar security in or of the Issuer, (b) redeem, purchase, retire or otherwise acquire for value any such ownership or equity interest or similar security or (c) set aside or otherwise segregate any amounts for any such purpose; provided, however, that, if no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing or would be caused thereby, the Issuer may make, or cause to be made, any such distributions to any owner of an interest in the Issuer or otherwise with respect to any ownership or equity interest or similar security in or of the Issuer using funds distributed to the Issuer pursuant to Section 8.02(e)(x) to the extent that such distributions would not cause the balance of the Capital Subaccount to decline below the Required Capital Amount. The Issuer will not, directly or indirectly, make payments to or distributions from the Collection Account except in accordance with this Indenture and the other Basic Documents.
SECTION 3.18. Notice of Events of Default. The Issuer agrees to give the Indenture Trustee, the Louisiana Commission and the Rating Agencies prompt written notice in the form of an Officer’s Certificate of each Default or Event of Default hereunder as provided in Section 5.01, and upon the actual knowledge of a Responsible Officer of the Issuer thereof each default on the part of the Seller or the Servicer of its obligations under the Sale Agreement or the Servicing Agreement, respectively.
SECTION 3.19. Further Instruments and Acts. Upon request of the Indenture Trustee, the Issuer shall execute and deliver such further instruments and do such further acts as may be reasonably necessary or proper to carry out more effectively the purpose of this Indenture and to maintain the first priority perfected security interest of the Indenture Trustee in the Trust Estate.
SECTION 3.20. Inspection. The Issuer agrees that, on reasonable prior notice, it will permit any representative of the Indenture Trustee and any representative of the Louisiana Commission, during the Issuer’s normal business hours, to examine all the books of account, records, reports and other papers of the Issuer, to make copies and extracts therefrom, to cause such books to be audited annually by Independent registered public accountants, and to discuss the Issuer’s affairs, finances and accounts with the Issuer’s officers, employees and Independent registered public accountants, all at such reasonable times and as often as may be reasonably requested. The Indenture Trustee and the Louisiana Commission shall hold and shall cause its representatives to hold in confidence all such information except to the extent disclosure may be required by applicable law (and all reasonable applications for confidential treatment are unavailing) and except to the extent that the Indenture Trustee may reasonably determine that such disclosure is consistent with its obligations hereunder. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the preceding sentence shall not be construed to prohibit (a) disclosure of any and all information that is or becomes publicly known, or information obtained by the Indenture Trustee from sources other than the Issuer, provided such parties are rightfully in possession of such information, (b) disclosure of any and all information (i) if required to do so by any applicable statute, law, rule or regulation, (ii) pursuant to any subpoena, civil investigative demand or similar demand or request of any court or regulatory authority exercising its proper jurisdiction, (iii) in any preliminary or final prospectus, registration statement or other document a copy of which has been filed with the SEC, (iv) to any affiliate, independent or internal auditor, agent, employee or attorney of the Indenture Trustee having a need to know the same, provided that such parties agree to be bound by the confidentiality provisions contained in this Section 3.20, or (v) to any Rating Agency or (c) any other disclosure authorized by the Issuer.
SECTION 3.21. Economic Sanctions.
(a) The Issuer covenants and represents that neither it nor any of its subsidiaries, managers, officers or affiliates they control are the target or subject of any sanctions enforced by the U.S. Government, (including, without limitation, the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Department of the Treasury or the U.S. Department of State), the United Nations Security Council, the European Union, Her Majesty’s Treasury, or other relevant sanctions authority (collectively “Sanctions”).
(b) The Issuer covenants and represents that neither it nor any of its subsidiaries, managers, officers or affiliates they control will directly or indirectly use any payments made pursuant to this Indenture or any of the other Basic Documents, (i) to fund or facilitate any activities of or business with any person who, at the time of such funding or facilitation, is the subject or target of Sanctions, (ii) to fund or facilitate any activities of or business with any country or territory that is the target or subject of Sanctions, or (iii) in any other manner that will result in a violation of Sanctions by any person.
SECTION 3.22. Additional Storm Recovery Bonds.
(a) Following the issuance by the Louisiana Commission of any Subsequent Financing Order or pursuant to remaining authority under the Financing Order, the Issuer may, in its sole discretion but subject to the terms contained in this Section 3.22, acquire additional and separate storm recovery bond collateral and issue additional storm recovery bonds under any such subsequent indenture that are backed by such separate additional storm recovery bond collateral. Any additional storm recovery bonds may include terms and provisions unique to such additional storm recovery bonds.
(b) In addition to all applicable requirements set forth in any subsequent indenture for any additional storm recovery bonds, the following conditions must be satisfied in connection with any issuance of additional storm recovery bonds:
(i) | Cleco Power has existing authority under the Financing Order to issue additional storm recovery bonds or Cleco Power requests and receives a Subsequent Financing Order from the Louisiana Commission to recover additional storm recovery costs through the issuance of additional storm recovery bonds; |
(ii) | Cleco Power must serve as initial servicer and administrator for such series of the additional storm recovery bonds and that the servicer and the administrator cannot be replaced without the requisite approval of the holders of all Storm Recovery Bonds then-Outstanding; |
(iii) | satisfaction of the Rating Agency Condition; |
(iv) | each series of the additional storm recovery bonds (A) has recourse only to the storm recovery property created by the Financing Order or any Subsequent Financing Order, as the case may be, and funds on deposit in the trust accounts held by the trustee under the indenture with respect to such series of the additional storm recovery bonds, (B) is nonrecourse to the Storm Recovery Property securing the Storm Recovery Bonds, and (C) does not constitute a claim against the Issuer if revenue from the storm recovery charges and funds on deposit in the trust accounts with respect to such series of the additional storm recovery bonds are insufficient to pay such other series in full; |
(v) | the Issuer has provided to the Indenture Trustee and the Rating Agencies then rating any series of the Issuer’s Outstanding Storm Recovery Bonds an opinion of a nationally recognized law firm experienced in such matters to the effect that such issuance would not result in the Issuer’s substantive consolidation with Cleco Power and that there has been a true sale of the storm recovery property for such series of the additional storm recovery bonds, subject to the customary exceptions, qualifications and assumptions contained therein; |
(vi) | transaction documentation for the other series of the additional storm recovery bonds provides that the indenture trustee on behalf of holders of the storm recovery bonds of the other series will not file or join in filing of any bankruptcy petition against the Issuer; |
(vii) | if holders of such other series are deemed to have any interest in any of the Trust Estate dedicated to the Recovery Bonds, holders of such additional storm recovery bonds must agree that their interest in the recovery bond collateral dedicated to the additional storm recovery bonds is only a first priority perfected interest in the assets relating to the additional storm recovery bonds, as the case may be, in accordance with the related intercreditor agreement; |
(viii) | each series of additional storm recovery bonds will have its own bank accounts or trust accounts and funds for each series of additional storm recovery bonds shall be remitted in accordance with the related servicing agreement and related intercreditor agreement; |
(ix) | no series of additional storm recovery bonds will be issued under this Indenture; and |
(x) | each series of the additional storm recovery bonds will bear its own indenture trustee fees, servicer fees and administration fees. |
SECTION 3.23. Sale Agreement, Servicing Agreement, and Administration Agreement Covenants.
(a) The Issuer agrees to take all such lawful actions to enforce its rights under the Sale Agreement, the Servicing Agreement, the Administration Agreement and the other Basic Documents, and to compel or secure the performance and observance by the Seller, the Servicer and the Administrator of each of their respective obligations to the Issuer under or in connection with the Sale Agreement, the Servicing Agreement, the Administration Agreement and the other Basic Documents in accordance with the terms thereof. So long as no Event of Default occurs and is continuing, but subject to Section 3.23(f), the Issuer may exercise any and all rights, remedies, powers and privileges lawfully available to the Issuer under or in connection with the Sale Agreement, the Servicing Agreement and the Administration Agreement; provided, that such action shall not adversely affect the interests of the Holders in any material respect.
(b) If an Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the Indenture Trustee may, and at the direction (which direction shall be in writing) of the Holders of a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds of all tranches affected thereby or the Louisiana Commission, shall, exercise all rights, remedies, powers, privileges and claims of the Issuer against the Seller, the Administrator and the Servicer, as the case may be, under or in connection with the Sale Agreement, the Servicing Agreement and the Administration Agreement, including the right or power to take any action to compel or secure performance or observance by the Seller, the Administrator or the Servicer of each of their obligations to the Issuer thereunder and to give any consent, request, notice, direction, approval, extension or waiver under the Sale Agreement, the Servicing Agreement and the Administration Agreement, and any right of the Issuer to take such action shall be suspended.
(c) Except as set forth in Section 3.23(d), the Administration Agreement, the Sale Agreement and the Servicing Agreement may be amended in accordance with the provisions thereof, so long as the Rating Agency Condition is satisfied in connection therewith, at any time and from time to time, without the consent of the Holders, but with the acknowledgement of the Indenture Trustee; provided, that the Indenture Trustee shall provide such consent upon receipt of an Officer’s Certificate evidencing satisfaction of such Rating Agency Condition, an Opinion of Counsel of external counsel of the Issuer evidencing that such amendment is in accordance with the provisions of such Basic Document and, if the amendment increases Ongoing Financing Costs, satisfaction of the Louisiana Commission Condition (as described in Section 9.03 hereof, or alternatively, if applicable, Section 13(b) of the Administration Agreement, Section 6.01(a)(ii) of the Sale Agreement or Section 8.12 of the Servicing Agreement).
(d) Except as set forth in Section 3.23(e), if the Issuer, the Seller, the Administrator, the Servicer or any other party to the respective agreement proposes to amend, modify, waive, supplement, terminate or surrender, or agree to any amendment, modification, waiver, supplement, termination or surrender of, the terms of the Sale Agreement, the Administration Agreement, or the Servicing Agreement, or waive timely performance or observance by the Seller, the Administrator, the Servicer or any other party under the Sale Agreement, the Administration Agreement, or the Servicing Agreement, in each case in such a way as would materially and adversely affect the interests of any Holder of Storm Recovery Bonds, the Issuer shall first notify the Rating Agencies of the proposed amendment, modification, waiver, supplement, termination or surrender and shall promptly notify the Indenture Trustee, the Paying Agent (if not the Indenture Trustee), the Storm Recovery Bond Registrar (if not the Indenture Trustee), the Louisiana Commission and the Holders in writing of the proposed amendment, modification, waiver, supplement, termination or surrender and whether the Rating Agency Condition has been satisfied with respect thereto (or, pursuant to an Issuer Request, the Indenture Trustee shall so notify the Holders on the Issuer’s behalf). The Indenture Trustee shall consent to such proposed amendment, modification, waiver, supplement, termination or surrender only if the Rating Agency Condition is satisfied and only with the (i) prior written consent of the Holders of a majority of the Outstanding Amount of Storm Recovery Bonds or tranche materially and adversely affected thereby and (ii) if such proposed amendment, modification, waiver, supplement, termination or surrender increases Ongoing Financing Costs, satisfaction of the Louisiana Commission Condition (as described in Section 9.03 hereof, or alternatively, if applicable, Section 13(b) of the Administration Agreement, Section 6.01(a)(ii) of the Sale Agreement or Section 8.12 of the Servicing Agreement). If any such amendment, modification, waiver, supplement, termination or surrender shall be so consented to by the Indenture Trustee or such Holders, the Issuer agrees to execute and deliver, in its own name and at its own expense, such agreements, instruments, consents and other documents as shall be necessary or appropriate in the circumstances.
(e) If the Issuer or the Servicer proposes to amend, modify, waive, supplement, terminate or surrender, or to agree to any amendment, modification, waiver, supplement, termination or surrender of, the process for True-Up Adjustments, the Issuer shall notify the Indenture Trustee and the Holders and, when required, the Louisiana Commission in writing of such proposal (or, pursuant to an Issuer Request, the Indenture Trustee shall so notify the Holders on the Issuer’s behalf), and the Indenture Trustee shall consent thereto with the prior written consent of the Holders of a majority of the Outstanding Amount of Storm Recovery Bonds or tranche affected thereby and only (i) if the Rating Agency Condition has been satisfied with respect thereto and (ii) if such proposed amendment, modification, waiver, supplement, termination or surrender increases Ongoing Financing Costs, satisfaction of the Louisiana Commission Condition (as described in Section 9.03).
(f) Promptly following a default by the Seller under the Sale Agreement or by the Administrator under the Administration Agreement , or the occurrence of a Servicer Default under the Servicing Agreement, and at the Issuer’s expense, the Issuer agrees to take all such lawful actions as the Indenture Trustee may request to compel or secure the performance and observance by each of the Seller, the Administrator or the Servicer, of their obligations under and in accordance with the Sale Agreement, the Servicing Agreement and the Administration Agreement, as the case may be, in accordance with the terms thereof, and to exercise any and all rights, remedies, powers and privileges lawfully available to the Issuer under or in connection with such agreements to the extent and in the manner directed by the Indenture Trustee, including the transmission of notices of any default by the Seller, the Administrator or the Servicer, respectively, thereunder and the institution of legal or administrative actions or Proceedings to compel or secure performance of their obligations under the Sale Agreement, the Servicing Agreement or the Administration Agreement.
SECTION 3.24. Taxes. So long as any of the Storm Recovery Bonds are Outstanding, the Issuer shall pay all taxes, assessments and governmental charges imposed upon it or any of its properties or assets or with respect to any of its franchises, business, income or property before any penalty accrues thereon if the failure to pay any such taxes, assessments and governmental charges would, after any applicable grace periods, notices or other similar requirements, result in a Lien on the Trust Estate; provided, that no such tax need be paid if the Issuer is contesting the same in good faith by appropriate Proceedings promptly instituted and diligently conducted and if the Issuer has established appropriate reserves as shall be required in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.
SECTION 3.25. Notices from Holders. The Issuer shall promptly transmit any notice received by it from the Holders to the Indenture Trustee.
SECTION 3.26. Volcker Rule. The Issuer is structured so as not to be a “covered fund” under the regulations adopted to implement Section 619 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, commonly known as the “Volcker Rule.”
ARTICLE IV
Satisfaction and Discharge; Defeasance
SECTION 4.01. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture; Defeasance.
(a) This Indenture shall cease to be of further effect with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds, and the Indenture Trustee, on reasonable written demand of and at the expense of the Issuer, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds, when:
(i) Either:
(A) all Storm Recovery Bonds theretofore authenticated and delivered (other than (1) Storm Recovery Bonds that have been destroyed, lost or stolen and that have been replaced or paid as provided in Section 2.06 and (2) Storm Recovery Bonds for whose payment money has theretofore been deposited in trust or segregated and held in trust by the Issuer and thereafter repaid to the Issuer or discharged from such trust, as provided in the last paragraph of Section 3.03) have been delivered to the Indenture Trustee for cancellation; or
(B) either (1) the Scheduled Final Payment Date has occurred with respect to all Storm Recovery Bonds not theretofore delivered to the Indenture Trustee for cancellation or (2) the Storm Recovery Bonds will be due and payable on their respective Scheduled Final Payment Dates within one year, and, in any such case, the Issuer has irrevocably deposited or caused to be irrevocably deposited in trust with the Indenture Trustee (i) cash and/or (ii) U.S. Government Obligations that through the scheduled payments of principal and interest in respect thereof in accordance with their terms are in an amount sufficient to pay principal, interest and premium, if any, on the Storm Recovery Bonds not theretofore delivered to the Indenture Trustee for cancellation, Ongoing Financing Costs and all other sums payable hereunder by the Issuer with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds when scheduled to be paid and to discharge the entire indebtedness on the Storm Recovery Bonds when due;
(ii) the Issuer has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the Issuer; and
(iii) pursuant to Section 10.04, the Issuer has delivered to the Indenture Trustee an Officer’s Certificate, an Opinion of Counsel of external counsel of the Issuer and (if required by the Trust Indenture Act or the Indenture Trustee) an Independent Certificate from a firm of registered public accountants, each meeting the applicable requirements of Section 10.01(a) and each stating that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds have been complied with.
(b) Subject to Section 4.01(c) and Section 4.02, the Issuer at any time may terminate (i) all its obligations under this Indenture with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds (“Legal Defeasance Option”) or (ii) its obligations under Section 3.04, Section 3.05, Section 3.06, Section 3.07, Section 3.08, Section 3.09, Section 3.10, Section 3.12, Section 3.13, Section 3.14, Section 3.15, Section 3.16, Section 3.17, Section 3.18 and Section 3.19 and the operation of Section 5.01(c) with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds (“Covenant Defeasance Option”). The Issuer may exercise the Legal Defeasance Option with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds notwithstanding its prior exercise of the Covenant Defeasance Option.
If the Issuer exercises the Legal Defeasance Option, the maturity of the Storm Recovery Bonds may not be accelerated because of an Event of Default. If the Issuer exercises the Covenant Defeasance Option, the maturity of the Storm Recovery Bonds may not be accelerated because of an Event of Default specified in Section 5.01(c).
Upon satisfaction of the conditions set forth herein to the exercise of the Legal Defeasance Option or the Covenant Defeasance Option of the Storm Recovery Bonds, the Indenture Trustee, on reasonable written demand of and at the expense of the Issuer, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of the obligations that are terminated pursuant to such exercise.
(c) Notwithstanding Section 4.01(a) and Section 4.01(b), (i) rights of registration of transfer and exchange, (ii) substitution of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Storm Recovery Bonds, (iii) rights of Holders to receive payments of principal, premium, if any, and interest, (iv) Section 4.03 and Section 4.04, (v) the rights, obligations and immunities of the Indenture Trustee hereunder (including the rights of the Indenture Trustee under Section 6.07 and the obligations of the Indenture Trustee under Section 4.03) and (vi) the rights of Holders as beneficiaries hereof with respect to the property deposited with the Indenture Trustee payable to all or any of them, each shall survive until the Storm Recovery Bonds as to which this Indenture or certain obligations hereunder have been satisfied and discharged pursuant to Section 4.01(a) or Section 4.01(b). Thereafter the obligations, rights, indemnities and immunities in Section 6.07 and Section 4.04 shall survive.
SECTION 4.02. Conditions to Defeasance. The Issuer may exercise the Legal Defeasance Option or the Covenant Defeasance Option with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds only if:
(a) the Issuer has irrevocably deposited or caused to be irrevocably deposited in trust with the Indenture Trustee (i) cash and/or (ii) U.S. Government Obligations that through the scheduled payments of principal and interest in respect thereof in accordance with their terms are in an amount sufficient to pay principal, interest and premium, if any, on the Storm Recovery Bonds not therefore delivered to the Indenture Trustee for cancellation and Ongoing Financing Costs and all other sums payable hereunder by the Issuer with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds when scheduled to be paid and to discharge the entire indebtedness on the Storm Recovery Bonds when due;
(b) the Issuer delivers to the Indenture Trustee a certificate from a nationally recognized firm of Independent registered public accountants expressing its opinion that the payments of principal of and interest on the deposited U.S. Government Obligations when due and without reinvestment plus any deposited cash will provide cash at such times and in such amounts (but, in the case of the Legal Defeasance Option only, not more than such amounts) as will be sufficient to pay in respect of the Storm Recovery Bonds (i) principal in accordance with the Expected Sinking Fund Schedule therefor, (ii) interest when due and (iii) Ongoing Financing Costs and all other sums payable hereunder by the Issuer with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds;
(c) in the case of the Legal Defeasance Option, ninety-five (95) days after the deposit is made and during the ninety-five (95)-day period no Default specified in Section 5.01(e) or Section 5.01(f) occurs that is continuing at the end of the period;
(d) no Default has occurred and is continuing on the day of such deposit and after giving effect thereto;
(e) in the case of an exercise of the Legal Defeasance Option, the Issuer shall have delivered to the Indenture Trustee an Opinion of Counsel of external counsel of the Issuer stating that (i) the Issuer has received from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a ruling or (ii) since the date of execution of this Indenture, there has been a change in the applicable U.S. federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such opinion shall confirm that, the Holders will not recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a result of such legal defeasance and will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such legal defeasance had not occurred;
(f) in the case of an exercise of the Covenant Defeasance Option, the Issuer shall have delivered to the Indenture Trustee an Opinion of Counsel of external counsel of the Issuer to the effect that the Holders will not recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a result of such covenant defeasance and will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such covenant defeasance had not occurred;
(g) the Issuer delivers to the Indenture Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent to the Legal Defeasance Option or the Covenant Defeasance Option, as applicable, have been complied with as required by this Article IV;
(h) the Issuer delivers to the Indenture Trustee an Opinion of Counsel of external counsel of the Issuer to the effect that: (i) in a case under the Bankruptcy Code in which Cleco Power (or any of its Affiliates, other than the Issuer) is the debtor, the court would hold that the deposited moneys or U.S. Government Obligations would not be in the bankruptcy estate of Cleco Power (or any of its Affiliates, other than the Issuer, that deposited the moneys or U.S. Government Obligations); and (ii) in the event Cleco Power (or any of its Affiliates, other than the Issuer, that deposited the moneys or U.S. Government Obligations) were to be a debtor in a case under the Bankruptcy Code, the court would not disregard the separate legal existence of Cleco Power (or any of its Affiliates, other than the Issuer, that deposited the moneys or U.S. Government Obligations) and the Issuer so as to order substantive consolidation under the Bankruptcy Code of the Issuer’s assets and liabilities with the assets and liabilities of Cleco Power or such other Affiliate; and
(i) the Rating Agency Condition shall have been satisfied with respect to the exercise of any Legal Defeasance Option or Covenant Defeasance Option.
Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 4.02, no delivery of moneys or U.S. Government Obligations to the Indenture Trustee shall terminate any obligation of the Issuer to the Indenture Trustee under this Indenture or the Series Supplement or any obligation of the Issuer to apply such moneys or U.S. Government Obligations under Section 4.03 until principal of and premium, if any, and interest on the Storm Recovery Bonds shall have been paid in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture and the Series Supplement.
SECTION 4.03. Application of Trust Money. All moneys or U.S. Government Obligations deposited with the Indenture Trustee pursuant to Section 4.01 or Section 4.02 shall be held in trust and applied by it, in accordance with the provisions of the Storm Recovery Bonds and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent, as the Indenture Trustee may determine, to the Holders of the particular Storm Recovery Bonds for the payment of which such moneys have been deposited with the Indenture Trustee, of all sums due and to become due thereon for principal, premium, if any, and interest; but such moneys need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required herein or in the Servicing Agreement or required by applicable law. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Article IV, the Indenture Trustee shall deliver or pay to the Issuer from time to time upon Issuer Request any moneys or U.S. Government Obligations held by it pursuant to Section 4.02 that, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of Independent registered public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Indenture Trustee (and not at the cost or expense of the Indenture Trustee), are in excess of the amount thereof that would be required to be deposited for the purpose for which such moneys or U.S. Government Obligations were deposited; provided, that any such payment shall be subject to the satisfaction of the Rating Agency Condition.
SECTION 4.04. Repayment of Moneys Held by Paying Agent. In connection with the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or the Covenant Defeasance Option or Legal Defeasance Option with respect to Storm Recovery Bonds, all moneys then held by any Paying Agent other than the Indenture Trustee under the provisions of this Indenture shall, upon written demand of the Issuer, be paid to the Indenture Trustee to be held and applied according to Section 3.03 and thereupon such Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such moneys.
ARTICLE V
Remedies
SECTION 5.01. Events of Default. “Event of Default” means any one or more of the following events (whatever the reason for such Event of Default and whether it shall be voluntary or involuntary or be effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body):
(a) default in the payment of any interest on any Storm Recovery Bond when the same becomes due and payable (whether such failure to pay interest is caused by a shortfall in Storm Recovery Charges received or otherwise), and such default shall continue for a period of five (5) Business Days;
(b) default in the payment of the then unpaid principal of any Storm Recovery Bond on the Final Maturity Date, or, if applicable, any tranche on the Final Maturity Date for such tranche;
(c) default in the observance or performance of any covenant or agreement of the Issuer made in this Indenture (other than defaults specified in Section 5.01(a) or Section 5.01(b)), and such default shall continue or not be cured, for a period of thirty (30) days after the earlier of (i) the date that there shall have been given, by registered or certified mail, to the Issuer by the Indenture Trustee or to the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee by the Holders of at least twenty-five (25) percent of the Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds, a written notice specifying such default and requiring it to be remedied and stating that such notice is a “Notice of Default” hereunder or (ii) the date that the Issuer has actual knowledge of the default;
(d) any representation or warranty of the Issuer made in this Indenture, the Series Supplement or in any certificate or other writing delivered pursuant hereto or the Series Supplement or in connection herewith proving to have been incorrect in any material respect as of the time when the same shall have been made, and the circumstance or condition in respect of which such representation or warranty was incorrect shall not have been eliminated or otherwise cured, within thirty (30) days after the earlier of (i) the date that there shall have been given, by registered or certified mail, to the Issuer by the Indenture Trustee or to the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee by the Holders of at least twenty-five (25) percent of the Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds, a written notice specifying such incorrect representation or warranty and requiring it to be remedied and stating that such notice is a “Notice of Default” hereunder or (ii) the date the Issuer has actual knowledge of the default;
(e) the filing of a decree or order for relief by a court having jurisdiction in the premises in respect of the Issuer or any substantial part of the Trust Estate in an involuntary case or Proceeding under any applicable U.S. federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect, or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, custodian, trustee, sequestrator or similar official of the Issuer or for any substantial part of the Trust Estate, or ordering the winding-up or liquidation of the Issuer’s affairs, and such decree or order shall remain unstayed and in effect for a period of ninety (90) consecutive days;
(f) the commencement by the Issuer of a voluntary case under any applicable U.S. federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect, or the consent by the Issuer to the entry of an order for relief in an involuntary case or Proceeding under any such law, or the consent by the Issuer to the appointment or taking possession by a receiver, liquidator, assignee, custodian, trustee, sequestrator or similar official of the Issuer or for any substantial part of the Trust Estate, or the making by the Issuer of any general assignment for the benefit of creditors, or the failure by the Issuer generally to pay its debts as such debts become due, or the taking of action by the Issuer in furtherance of any of the foregoing; or
(g) any act or failure to act by the State of Louisiana or any of its agencies (including the Louisiana Commission), officers or employees that violates the State Pledge or the Louisiana Commission Pledge, as the case may be, or is not in accordance with the State Pledge or the Louisiana Commission Pledge.
The Issuer shall deliver to a Responsible Officer of the Indenture Trustee and to the Rating Agencies, within five (5) days after a Responsible Officer of the Issuer has knowledge of the occurrence thereof, written notice in the form of an Officer’s Certificate of any event (i) that is an Event of Default under Section 5.01(a), Section 5.01(b), Section 5.01(f), or Section 5.01(g) or (ii) that with the giving of notice, the lapse of time, or both, would become an Event of Default under Section 5.01(c), Section 5.01(d) or Section 5.01(e), including, in each case, the status of such Default or Event of Default and what action the Issuer is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto.
SECTION 5.02. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment. If an Event of Default (other than an Event of Default under Section 5.01(g)) should occur and be continuing, then and in every such case the Indenture Trustee or the Holders representing a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds may declare the Storm Recovery Bonds to be immediately due and payable, by a notice in writing to the Issuer (and to the Indenture Trustee and the Louisiana Commission if given by Holders), and upon any such declaration the unpaid principal amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds, together with accrued and unpaid interest thereon through the date of acceleration, shall become immediately due and payable.
At any time after such declaration of acceleration of maturity has been made and before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained by the Indenture Trustee as hereinafter in this Article V provided, the Holders representing a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds, by written notice to the Issuer, the Louisiana Commission and the Indenture Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences if:
(a) the Issuer has paid or deposited with the Indenture Trustee a sum sufficient to pay:
(i) all payments of principal of and premium, if any, and interest on all Storm Recovery Bonds due and owing at such time as if such Event of Default had not occurred and was not continuing and all other amounts that would then be due hereunder or upon the Storm Recovery Bonds if the Event of Default giving rise to such acceleration had not occurred and was not continuing; and
(ii) all sums paid or advanced by the Indenture Trustee hereunder and the reasonable compensation, expenses; provided, that, the Indenture Trustee shall not be obligated to pay or advance any sums hereunder from its own funds after an Event of Default, disbursements and advances of the Indenture Trustee and its agents and counsel; and
(b) all Events of Default, other than the nonpayment of the principal of the Storm Recovery Bonds that has become due solely by such acceleration, have been cured or waived as provided in Section 5.12.
No such rescission shall affect any subsequent Default or impair any right consequent thereto.
SECTION 5.03. Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Indenture Trustee.
(a) If an Event of Default under Section 5.01(a) or Section 5.01(b) has occurred and is continuing, subject to Section 10.16, the Indenture Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, may institute a Proceeding for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, and may prosecute such Proceeding to judgment or final decree, and, subject to the limitations on recourse set forth herein, may enforce the same against the Issuer or other obligor upon the Storm Recovery Bonds and collect in the manner provided by applicable law out of the property of the Issuer or other obligor upon the Storm Recovery Bonds wherever situated the moneys payable, or the Trust Estate and the proceeds thereof, the whole amount then due and payable on the Storm Recovery Bonds for principal, premium, if any, and interest, with interest upon the overdue principal and premium, if any, and, to the extent payment at such rate of interest shall be legally enforceable, upon overdue installments of interest, at the respective rate borne by the Storm Recovery Bonds or the applicable tranche and in addition thereto such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, including the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Indenture Trustee and its agents and counsel.
(b) If an Event of Default (other than an Event of Default under Section 5.01(g)) occurs and is continuing, the Indenture Trustee shall, as more particularly provided in Section 5.04, proceed to protect and enforce its rights and the rights of the Holders, by such appropriate Proceedings as the Indenture Trustee shall deem most effective to protect and enforce any such rights, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement in this Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted herein, or to enforce any other proper remedy or legal or equitable right vested in the Indenture Trustee by this Indenture and the Series Supplement or by applicable law, including foreclosing or otherwise enforcing the Lien of the Trust Estate or applying to the Louisiana Commission or a court of competent jurisdiction for sequestration of revenues arising with respect to the Storm Recovery Property.
(c) If an Event of Default under Section 5.01(e) or Section 5.01(f) has occurred and is continuing, the Indenture Trustee, irrespective of whether the principal of any Storm Recovery Bonds shall then be due and payable as therein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of whether the Indenture Trustee shall have made any demand pursuant to the provisions of this Section 5.03, shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in any Proceedings related to such Event of Default or otherwise:
(i) to file and prove a claim or claims for the whole amount of principal, premium, if any, and interest owing and unpaid in respect of the Storm Recovery Bonds and to file such other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Indenture Trustee (including any claim for reasonable compensation to the Indenture Trustee and each predecessor Indenture Trustee, and their respective agents, attorneys and counsel, and for reimbursement of all expenses and liabilities incurred, and all advances made, by the Indenture Trustee and each predecessor Indenture Trustee, except as a result of negligence or bad faith) and of the Holders allowed in such Proceedings;
(ii) unless prohibited by applicable law and regulations, to vote on behalf of the Holders in any election of a trustee in bankruptcy, a standby trustee or Person performing similar functions in any such Proceedings;
(iii) to collect and receive any moneys or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute all amounts received with respect to the claims of the Holders and of the Indenture Trustee on their behalf; and
(iv) to file such proofs of claim and other papers and documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Indenture Trustee or the Holders allowed in any Proceeding relative to the Issuer, its creditors and its property;
and any trustee, receiver, liquidator, custodian or other similar official in any such Proceeding is hereby authorized by each of such Holders to make payments to the Indenture Trustee, and, in the event that the Indenture Trustee shall consent to the making of payments directly to such Holders, to pay to the Indenture Trustee such amounts as shall be sufficient to cover reasonable compensation to the Indenture Trustee, each predecessor Indenture Trustee and their respective agents, attorneys and counsel, and all other expenses and liabilities incurred, and all advances made, by the Indenture Trustee and each predecessor Indenture Trustee except as a result of negligence or bad faith.
(d) Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Indenture Trustee to authorize or consent to or vote for or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Storm Recovery Bonds or the rights of any Holder thereof or to authorize the Indenture Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding except, as aforesaid, to vote for the election of a trustee in bankruptcy or similar Person.
(e) All rights of action and of asserting claims under this Indenture, or under any of the Storm Recovery Bonds, may be enforced by the Indenture Trustee without the possession of any of the Storm Recovery Bonds or the production thereof in any trial or other Proceedings relative thereto, and any such action or Proceedings instituted by the Indenture Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment, subject to the payment of the expenses, disbursements and compensation of the Indenture Trustee, each predecessor Indenture Trustee and their respective agents and attorneys, shall be for the ratable benefit of the Holders.
SECTION 5.04. Remedies; Priorities.
(a) If an Event of Default (other than an Event of Default under Section 5.01(g)) shall have occurred and be continuing, the Indenture Trustee may do one or more of the following (subject to Section 5.05):
(i) institute Proceedings in its own name and as trustee of an express trust for the collection of all amounts then payable on the Storm Recovery Bonds or under this Indenture with respect thereto, whether by declaration of acceleration or otherwise, and, subject to the limitations on recovery set forth herein, enforce any judgment obtained, and collect from the Issuer or any other obligor moneys adjudged due, upon the Storm Recovery Bonds;
(ii) institute Proceedings from time to time for the complete or partial foreclosure of this Indenture with respect to the Trust Estate;
(iii) exercise any remedies of a secured party under the UCC, the Securitization Act or any other applicable law and take any other appropriate action to protect and enforce the rights and remedies of the Indenture Trustee and the Holders;
(iv) at the written direction of the Holders of a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds, either sell all or a portion of the Trust Estate or rights or interest therein, at one or more public or private sales called and conducted in any manner permitted by applicable law, or elect that the Issuer maintain possession of all or a portion of the Trust Estate pursuant to Section 5.05 and continue to apply the Storm Recovery Charges as if there had been no declaration of acceleration; and
(v) exercise all rights, remedies, powers, privileges and claims of the Issuer against the Seller, the Administrator or the Servicer under or in connection with, and pursuant to the terms of, the Sale Agreement, the Administration Agreement or the Servicing Agreement;
provided, however, that the Indenture Trustee may not sell or otherwise liquidate any portion of the Trust Estate following such an Event of Default, other than an Event of Default described in Section 5.01(a) or Section 5.01(b), unless (A) the Holders of 100 percent of the Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds consent thereto, (B) the proceeds of such sale or liquidation distributable to the Holders are sufficient to discharge in full all amounts then due and unpaid upon the Storm Recovery Bonds for principal, premium, if any, and interest after taking into account payment of all amounts due prior thereto pursuant to the priorities set forth in Section 8.02(e) or (C) the Indenture Trustee determines that the Trust Estate will not continue to provide sufficient funds for all payments on the Storm Recovery Bonds as they would have become due if the Storm Recovery Bonds had not been declared due and payable, and the Indenture Trustee obtains the written consent of Holders of at least two-thirds (2/3) of the Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds. In determining such sufficiency or insufficiency with respect to clause (B) above and clause (C) above, the Indenture Trustee may, but need not, obtain and conclusively rely upon an opinion of an Independent investment banking or accounting firm of national reputation as to the feasibility of such proposed action and as to the sufficiency of the Trust Estate for such purpose, at Issuer’s expense.
(b) If an Event of Default under Section 5.01(g) shall have occurred and be continuing, the Indenture Trustee, for the benefit of the Holders, shall be entitled and empowered, to the extent permitted by applicable law, to institute or participate in Proceedings necessary to compel performance of or to enforce the State Pledge or the Louisiana Commission Pledge, as the case may be, and to collect any monetary damages incurred by the Holders or the Indenture Trustee as a result of any such Event of Default, and may prosecute any such Proceeding to final judgment or decree. Such remedy shall be the only remedy that the Indenture Trustee may exercise if the only Event of Default that has occurred and is continuing is an Event of Default under Section 5.01(g).
(c) If the Indenture Trustee collects any money pursuant to this Article V, it shall pay out such money in accordance with the priorities set forth in Section 8.02(e).
SECTION 5.05. Optional Preservation of the Trust Estate. If the Storm Recovery Bonds have been declared to be due and payable under Section 5.02 following an Event of Default and such declaration and its consequences have not been rescinded and annulled, the Indenture Trustee may, but need not, elect to maintain possession of all or a portion of the Trust Estate. It is the desire of the parties hereto and the Holders that there be at all times sufficient funds for the payment of principal of and premium, if any, and interest on the Storm Recovery Bonds, and the Indenture Trustee shall take such desire into account when determining whether or not to maintain possession of the Trust Estate. In determining whether to maintain possession of the Trust Estate or sell or liquidate the same, the Indenture Trustee may, but need not, obtain and conclusively rely upon an opinion of an Independent investment banking or accounting firm of national reputation as to the feasibility of such proposed action and as to the sufficiency of the Trust Estate for such purpose.
SECTION 5.06. Limitation of Suits. No Holder of any Storm Recovery Bond shall have any right to institute any Proceeding, judicial or otherwise, to avail itself of any remedies provided in the Securitization Act or to avail itself of the right to foreclose on the Trust Estate or otherwise enforce the Lien and the security interest on the Trust Estate with respect to this Indenture and the Series Supplement, or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder, unless:
(a) such Holder previously has given written notice to the Indenture Trustee of a continuing Event of Default;
(b) the Holders of a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds have made written request to the Indenture Trustee to institute such Proceeding in respect of such Event of Default in its own name as Indenture Trustee hereunder;
(c) such Holder or Holders have offered to the Indenture Trustee security or indemnity satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred in complying with such request;
(d) the Indenture Trustee for sixty (60) days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute such Proceedings; and
(e) no direction inconsistent with such written request has been given to the Indenture Trustee during such sixty (60)-day period by the Holders of a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds;
it being understood and intended that no one or more Holders shall have any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing of, any provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other Holders or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or preference over any other Holders or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the manner herein provided.
In the event the Indenture Trustee shall receive conflicting or inconsistent requests and indemnity from two (2) or more groups of Holders, each representing less than a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds, the Indenture Trustee in its sole discretion may file a petition with a court of competent jurisdiction to resolve such conflict or determine what action, if any, shall be taken, notwithstanding any other provisions of this Indenture.
SECTION 5.07. Unconditional Rights of Holders To Receive Principal, Premium, if any, and Interest. Notwithstanding any other provisions in this Indenture, the Holder of any Storm Recovery Bond shall have the right, which is absolute and unconditional, (a) to receive payment of (i) the interest, if any, on such Storm Recovery Bond on the due dates thereof expressed in such Storm Recovery Bond or in this Indenture or (ii) the unpaid principal, if any, of the Storm Recovery Bonds on the Final Maturity Date or Final Maturity Date for such tranche therefor and (b) to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment, and such right shall not be impaired without the consent of such Holder.
SECTION 5.08. Restoration of Rights and Remedies. If the Indenture Trustee or any Holder has instituted any Proceeding to enforce any right or remedy under this Indenture and such Proceeding has been discontinued or abandoned for any reason or has been determined adversely to the Indenture Trustee or to such Holder, then and in every such case the Issuer, the Indenture Trustee and the Holders shall, subject to any determination in such Proceeding, be restored severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder, and thereafter all rights and remedies of the Indenture Trustee and the Holders shall continue as though no such Proceeding had been instituted.
SECTION 5.09. Rights and Remedies Cumulative. No right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Indenture Trustee or to the Holders is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by applicable law, be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or remedy.
SECTION 5.10. Delay or Omission Not a Waiver. No delay or omission of the Indenture Trustee or any Holder to exercise any right or remedy accruing upon any Default or Event of Default shall impair any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Default or Event of Default or an acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy given by this Article V or by applicable law to the Indenture Trustee or to the Holders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as may be deemed expedient, by the Indenture Trustee or by the Holders, as the case may be.
SECTION 5.11. Control by Holders. The Holders of a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds (or, if less than all tranches are affected, the affected tranche) shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any Proceeding for any remedy available to the Indenture Trustee with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds of such tranche or tranches or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Indenture Trustee with respect to such tranche or tranches; provided, that:
(a) such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of applicable law or with this Indenture or the Series Supplement and shall not involve the Indenture Trustee in any personal liability or expense;
(b) subject to other conditions specified in Section 5.04, any direction to the Indenture Trustee to sell or liquidate any of the Trust Estate shall be by the Holders representing 100 percent of the Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds;
(c) if the conditions set forth in Section 5.05 have been satisfied and the Indenture Trustee elects to retain the Trust Estate pursuant to Section 5.05, then any direction to the Indenture Trustee by Holders representing less than 100 percent of the Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds to sell or liquidate the Trust Estate or any portion thereof shall be of no force and effect; and
(d) the Indenture Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Indenture Trustee that is not inconsistent with such direction;
provided, however, that the Indenture Trustee’s duties shall be subject to Section 6.01, and the Indenture Trustee need not take any action that it determines might involve it in liability or might materially adversely affect the rights of any Holders not consenting to such action. Furthermore and without limiting the foregoing, the Indenture Trustee shall not be required to take any action for which it reasonably believes that it will not be indemnified to its satisfaction against any cost, expense, loss or liabilities.
SECTION 5.12. Waiver of Past Defaults. Prior to the declaration of the acceleration of the maturity of the Storm Recovery Bonds as provided in Section 5.02, the Holders representing a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds, by written notice to the Indenture Trustee, may waive any past Default or Event of Default and its consequences except a Default (a) in payment of principal of or premium, if any, or interest on any of the Storm Recovery Bonds or (b) in respect of a covenant or provision hereof that cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the Holder of each Storm Recovery Bond of all tranches affected. In the case of any such waiver, the Issuer, the Indenture Trustee and the Holders shall be restored to their former positions and rights hereunder, respectively, but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereto.
Upon any such waiver, such Default shall cease to exist and be deemed to have been cured and not to have occurred, and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured and not to have occurred, for every purpose of this Indenture, but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereto.
SECTION 5.13. Undertaking for Costs. All parties to this Indenture agree, and each Holder of any Storm Recovery Bond by such Holder’s acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court may in its discretion require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit against the Indenture Trustee for any action taken, suffered or omitted by it as Indenture Trustee, the filing by any party litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; but the provisions of this Section 5.13 shall not apply to (a) any suit instituted by the Indenture Trustee, (b) any suit instituted by any Holder, or group of Holders, in each case holding in the aggregate more than ten (10) percent of the Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds of a Series or (c) any suit instituted by any Holder for the enforcement of the payment of (i) interest on any Storm Recovery Bond on or after the due dates expressed in such Storm Recovery Bond and in this Indenture or (ii) the unpaid principal, if any, of any Storm Recovery Bond on or after the Final Maturity Date for the Storm Recovery Bonds or Final Maturity Date for such tranche therefor.
SECTION 5.14. Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws. The Issuer covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any time insist upon or plead or, in any manner whatsoever, claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay or extension law wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, that may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture; and the Issuer (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law, and covenants that it will not hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Indenture Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law had been enacted.
SECTION 5.15. Action on Storm Recovery Bonds. The Indenture Trustee’s right to seek and recover judgment on the Storm Recovery Bonds or under this Indenture shall not be affected by the seeking, obtaining or application of any other relief under or with respect to this Indenture. Neither the Lien of this Indenture nor any rights or remedies of the Indenture Trustee or the Holders shall be impaired by the recovery of any judgment by the Indenture Trustee against the Issuer or by the levy of any execution under such judgment upon any portion of the Trust Estate or any other assets of the Issuer.
ARTICLE VI
The Indenture Trustee
SECTION 6.01. Duties of Indenture Trustee.
(a) If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Indenture Trustee shall exercise the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture and use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise as a prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of such person’s own affairs.
(b) Except during the continuance of an Event of Default:
(i) the Indenture Trustee undertakes to perform such duties and only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture against the Indenture Trustee; and
(ii) in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Indenture Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or opinions furnished to the Indenture Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture; but in the case of any such certificates or opinions which by any provision hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Indenture Trustee, the Indenture Trustee shall be under a duty to examine the same to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this Indenture (but need not confirm or investigate the accuracy of mathematical calculations or other facts stated therein).
(c) The Indenture Trustee may not be relieved from liability for its own negligent action, its own bad faith, its own negligent failure to act or its own willful misconduct, except that:
(i) this Section 6.01(c) does not limit the effect of Section 6.01(b);
(ii) the Indenture Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer unless it is proved that the Indenture Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts; and
(iii) the Indenture Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in accordance with a direction received by it hereunder.
(d) Every provision of this Indenture that in any way relates to the Indenture Trustee is subject to Section 6.01(a), Section 6.01(b) and Section 6.01(c).
(e) The Indenture Trustee shall not be liable for interest on any money received by it except as the Indenture Trustee may agree in writing with the Issuer.
(f) Money held in trust by the Indenture Trustee need not be segregated from other funds held by the Indenture Trustee except to the extent required by applicable law or the terms of this Indenture, the Sale Agreement, the Servicing Agreement or the Administration Agreement.
(g) No provision of this Indenture shall require the Indenture Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if it shall have reasonable grounds to believe that repayments of such funds or indemnity satisfactory to it against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it.
(h) Every provision of this Indenture relating to the conduct or affecting the liability of or affording protection to the Indenture Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of this Section 6.01 and to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act.
(i) In the event that the Indenture Trustee is also acting as Paying Agent or Storm Recovery Bond Registrar hereunder, the protections of this Article VI shall also be afforded to the Indenture Trustee in its capacity as Paying Agent or Storm Recovery Bond Registrar.
(j) Except for the express duties of the Indenture Trustee with respect to the administrative functions set forth in the Basic Documents, the Indenture Trustee shall have no obligation to administer, service or collect the Storm Recovery Property or to maintain, monitor or otherwise supervise the administration, servicing or collection of the Storm Recovery Charges.
(k) Under no circumstance shall the Indenture Trustee be liable for any indebtedness of the Issuer, the Servicer or the Seller evidenced by or arising under the Storm Recovery Bonds or the Basic Documents. None of the provisions of this Indenture shall in any event require the Indenture Trustee to perform or be responsible for the performance of any of the Servicer’s obligations under the Basic Documents.
(l) Commencing with March 15, 2023, on or before March 15th of each fiscal year ending December 31, so long as the Issuer is required to file Exchange Act reports, the Indenture Trustee shall (i) deliver to the Issuer a report (in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Issuer and addressed to the Issuer and signed by an authorized officer of the Indenture Trustee) regarding the Indenture Trustee’s assessment of compliance, during the preceding fiscal year ended December 31, with each of the applicable servicing criteria specified on Exhibit C as required under Rule 13a-18 and Rule 15d-18 under the Exchange Act and Item 1122 of Regulation AB and (ii) deliver to the Issuer a report of an Independent registered public accounting firm reasonably acceptable to the Issuer that attests to and reports on, in accordance with Rule 1-02(a)(3) and Rule 2-02(g) of Regulation S-X under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, the assessment of compliance made by the Indenture Trustee and delivered pursuant to Section 6.01(l)(i).
SECTION 6.02. Rights of Indenture Trustee.
(a) The Indenture Trustee may conclusively rely and shall be fully protected in relying on any document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper person. The Indenture Trustee need not investigate any fact or matter stated in such document.
(b) Before the Indenture Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may require and shall be entitled to receive an Officer’s Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel, which counsel may be an employee of or counsel to the Issuer or the Seller and which shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee, or, in the Indenture Trustee’s sole judgment, external counsel of the Issuer (at no cost or expense to the Indenture Trustee) that such action is required or permitted hereunder. The Indenture Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in reliance on such Officer’s Certificate or Opinion of Counsel.
(c) The Indenture Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents or attorneys or a custodian or nominee, and the Indenture Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of, or for the supervision of, any such agent, attorney, custodian or nominee appointed with due care by it hereunder. The Indenture Trustee shall give prompt written notice to the Issuer, in which case the Issuer shall then give prompt written notice to the Rating Agencies, of the appointment of any such agent, custodian or nominee to whom it delegates any of its express duties under this Indenture; provided, that the Indenture Trustee shall not be obligated to give such notice (i) if the Issuer or the Holders have directed the Indenture Trustee to appoint such agent, custodian or nominee (in which event the Issuer shall give prompt notice to the Rating Agencies of any such direction) or (ii) of the appointment of any agents, custodians or nominees made at any time that an Event of Default of the Issuer has occurred and is continuing.
(d) The Indenture Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith that it believes to be authorized or within its rights or powers; provided, however, that the Indenture Trustee’s conduct does not constitute willful misconduct, negligence or bad faith.
(e) The Indenture Trustee may consult with counsel, and the advice or opinion of counsel with respect to legal matters relating to this Indenture and the Storm Recovery Bonds shall be full and complete authorization and protection from liability in respect to any action taken, omitted or suffered by it hereunder in good faith and in accordance with the advice or opinion of such counsel.
(f) The Indenture Trustee shall be under no obligation to take any action or exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture or any other Basic Document, or to institute, conduct or defend any litigation hereunder or thereunder or in relation hereto or thereto, at the request, order or direction of any of the Holders pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture and the Series Supplement or otherwise, unless it shall have received security or indemnity satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities that may be incurred.
(g) The Indenture Trustee may conclusively rely and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties.
(h) Any request or direction of the Issuer mentioned herein shall be sufficiently evidenced by an Issuer Request or an Issuer Order.
(i) Whenever in the administration of this Indenture the Indenture Trustee shall deem it desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking, suffering or omitting any action hereunder, the Indenture Trustee (unless other evidence be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of bad faith on its part, conclusively rely upon an Officer’s Certificate.
(j) The Indenture Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document.
(k) In no event shall the Indenture Trustee be responsible or liable for punitive, special, indirect or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever (including, but not limited to, loss of profit) irrespective of whether the Indenture Trustee has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of action.
(l) In no event shall the Indenture Trustee be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder arising out of or caused by, directly or indirectly, forces beyond its control, including strikes, work stoppages, accidents, acts of war or terrorism, civil or military disturbances, nuclear or natural catastrophes or acts of God, and interruptions, loss or malfunctions of utilities, communications or computer (software and hardware) services, it being understood that the Indenture Trustee shall use reasonable efforts that are consistent with accepted practices in the banking industry to resume performance as soon as practicable under the circumstances.
(m) The Indenture Trustee shall not be deemed to have notice of any Default or Event of Default unless it has actual knowledge or written notice of any event which is in fact such a Default is received by a Responsible Officer of the Indenture Trustee at the Corporate Trust Office of the Indenture Trustee, and such notice references the Storm Recovery Bonds and this Indenture.
(n) The rights, privileges, protections, immunities and benefits given to the Indenture Trustee, including, without limitation, its right to be indemnified, are extended to, and shall be enforceable by, the Indenture Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder, and each agent, custodian and other Person employed to act hereunder.
(o) Beyond the exercise of reasonable care in the custody thereof, the Indenture Trustee will have no duty as to any Trust Estate in its possession or control or in the possession or control of any agent or bailee or any income thereon or as to preservation of rights against prior parties or any other rights pertaining thereto. The Indenture Trustee will be deemed to have exercised reasonable care in the custody of the Trust Estate in its possession if the Trust Estate is accorded treatment substantially equal to that which it accords its own property, and the Indenture Trustee will not be liable or responsible for any loss or diminution in the value of any of the Trust Estate by reason of the act or omission of any carrier, forwarding agency or other agent or bailee selected by the Indenture Trustee in good faith.
(p) The Indenture Trustee will not be responsible for the existence, genuineness or value of any of the Trust Estate or for the validity, sufficiency, perfection, priority or enforceability of the Liens in any of the Trust Estate, except to the extent such action or omission constitutes negligence or willful misconduct on the part of the Indenture Trustee. The Indenture Trustee shall not be responsible for the validity of the title of any grantor to the collateral, for insuring the Trust Estate or for the payment of taxes, charges, assessments or Liens upon the Trust Estate or otherwise as to the maintenance of the Lien of the Trust Estate.
(q) In the event that the Indenture Trustee is required to acquire title to an asset for any reason, or take any managerial action of any kind in regard thereto, in order to carry out any fiduciary or trust obligation for the benefit of another, which in the Indenture Trustee’s sole discretion may cause the Indenture Trustee, as applicable, to be considered an “owner or operator” under any environmental laws or otherwise cause the Indenture Trustee to incur, or be exposed to, any environmental liability or any liability under any other federal, state or local law, the Indenture Trustee reserves the right, instead of taking such action, either to resign as Indenture Trustee or to arrange for the transfer of the title or control of the asset to a court appointed receiver. The Indenture Trustee will not be liable to any person for any environmental claims or any environmental liabilities or contribution actions under any federal, state or local law, rule or regulation by reason of the Indenture Trustee’s actions and conduct as authorized, empowered and directed hereunder or relating to any kind of discharge or release or threatened discharge or release of any hazardous materials into the environment.
SECTION 6.03. Individual Rights of Indenture Trustee. The Indenture Trustee in its individual or any other capacity may become the owner or pledgee of Storm Recovery Bonds and may otherwise deal with the Issuer or its Affiliates with the same rights it would have if it were not Indenture Trustee. Any Paying Agent, Storm Recovery Bond Registrar, co-registrar or co-paying agent or agent appointed under Section 3.02 may do the same with like rights. However, the Indenture Trustee must comply with Section 6.11 and Section 6.12.
SECTION 6.04. Indenture Trustee’s Disclaimer.
(a) The Indenture Trustee shall not be responsible for and makes no representation (other than as set forth in Section 6.13) as to the validity or adequacy of this Indenture or the Storm Recovery Bonds, it shall not be accountable for the Issuer’s use of the proceeds from the Storm Recovery Bonds, and it shall not be responsible for any statement of the Issuer in this Indenture or in any document issued in connection with the sale of the Storm Recovery Bonds or in the Storm Recovery Bonds other than the Indenture Trustee’s certificate of authentication. The Indenture Trustee shall not be responsible for the form, character, genuineness, sufficiency, value or validity of any of the Trust Estate (or for the perfection or priority of the Liens thereon), or for or in respect of the validity or sufficiency of the Storm Recovery Bonds (other than the certificate of authentication for the Storm Recovery Bonds) or the Basic Documents, and the Indenture Trustee shall in no event assume or incur any liability, duty or obligation to any Holder, other than as expressly provided in this Indenture. The Indenture Trustee shall not be liable for the default or misconduct of the Issuer, the Seller or the Servicer under the Basic Documents or otherwise, and the Indenture Trustee shall have no obligation or liability to perform the obligations of the Issuer or such Persons.
(b) The Indenture Trustee shall not be responsible for (i) the validity of the title of the Issuer to the Trust Estate, (ii) insuring the Trust Estate or (iii) the payment of taxes, charges, assessments or Liens upon the Trust Estate or otherwise as to the maintenance of the Trust Estate. The Indenture Trustee shall have no duty to ascertain or inquire as to the performance or observance of any of the terms of this Indenture or any of the other Basic Documents. The Indenture Trustee shall not be responsible for filing any financing or continuation statements or recording any documents or instruments in any public office at any time or times or otherwise perfecting or maintaining the perfection of any security interest in the Trust Estate.
SECTION 6.05. Notice of Defaults. If a Default occurs and is continuing and if it is actually known to a Responsible Officer of the Indenture Trustee or a Responsible Officer of the Indenture Trustee has been notified in writing of such Default, the Indenture Trustee shall deliver to each Rating Agency, to the Louisiana Commission (pursuant to Section 10.04(f)) and each Holder of Storm Recovery Bonds notice of the Default within ten (10) Business Days after actual notice of such Default was received by a Responsible Officer of the Indenture Trustee (provided that the Indenture Trustee shall give the Rating Agencies prompt notice of any payment default in respect of the Storm Recovery Bonds). Except in the case of a Default in payment of principal of and premium, if any, or interest on any Storm Recovery Bond, the Indenture Trustee may withhold the notice of the Default if and so long as a committee of its Responsible Officers in good faith determines that withholding such notice is in the interests of Holders. In no event shall the Indenture Trustee be deemed to have knowledge of a Default unless a Responsible Officer of the Indenture Trustee shall have actual knowledge of a Default or shall have received written notice thereof.
SECTION 6.06. Reports by Indenture Trustee to Holders.
(a) So long as Storm Recovery Bonds are Outstanding and the Indenture Trustee is the Storm Recovery Bond Registrar and Paying Agent, upon the written request of any Holder or the Issuer, within the prescribed period of time for tax reporting purposes after the end of each calendar year, the Indenture Trustee shall deliver to each relevant current or former Holder such information in its possession as may be required to enable such Holder to prepare its U.S. federal income and any applicable local or state tax returns. If the Storm Recovery Bond Registrar and Paying Agent is other than the Indenture Trustee, such Storm Recovery Bond Registrar and Paying Agent, within the prescribed period of time for tax reporting purposes after the end of each calendar year, shall deliver to each relevant current or former Holder such information in its possession as may be required to enable such Holder to prepare its U.S. federal income and any applicable local or state tax returns.
(b) On or prior to each Payment Date or Special Payment Date therefor, the Indenture Trustee will deliver to each Holder of the Storm Recovery Bonds on such Payment Date or Special Payment Date and the Louisiana Commission a statement as provided and prepared by the Servicer, which will include (to the extent applicable) the following information (and any other information so specified in the Series Supplement) as to the Storm Recovery Bonds with respect to such Payment Date or Special Payment Date or the period since the previous Payment Date, as applicable:
(i) the amount of the payment to Holders allocable to principal, if any;
(ii) the amount of the payment to Holders allocable to interest;
(iii) the aggregate Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds, before and after giving effect to any payments allocated to principal reported under Section 6.06(b)(i);
(iv) the difference, if any, between the amount specified in Section 6.06(b)(iii) and the Outstanding Amount specified in the related Expected Sinking Fund Schedule;
(v) any other transfers and payments to be made on such Payment Date or Special Payment Date, including amounts paid to the Indenture Trustee and to the Servicer; and
(vi) the amounts on deposit in the Capital Subaccount and the Excess Funds Subaccount, after giving effect to the foregoing payments.
(c) The Issuer shall send a copy of each of the Certificate of Compliance delivered to it pursuant to Section 3.03 of the Servicing Agreement and the Annual Accountant’s Report delivered to it pursuant to Section 3.04 of the Servicing Agreement to the Louisiana Commission, the Rating Agencies, the Indenture Trustee and to the Servicer for posting on the 17g-5 Website in accordance with Rule 17g-5 under the Exchange Act. A copy of such certificate and report may be obtained by any Holder by a request in writing to the Indenture Trustee.
(d) The Indenture Trustee may consult with counsel and the advice or opinion of such counsel with respect to legal matters relating to this Indenture and the Storm Recovery Bonds shall be full and complete authorization and protection from liability with respect to any action taken, omitted or suffered by it hereunder in good faith and in accordance with the advice or opinion of such counsel. Any reasonable legal fees incurred by the Indenture Trustee shall be payable to the Indenture Trustee from amounts hold in the Collection Account in accordance with the provisions set forth in Section 8.02(e).
SECTION 6.07. Compensation and Indemnity. The Issuer shall pay to the Indenture Trustee from time to time reasonable compensation for its services. The Indenture Trustee’s compensation shall not, to the extent permitted by applicable law, be limited by any law on compensation of a trustee of an express trust. The Issuer shall reimburse the Indenture Trustee for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses, disbursements and advances incurred or made by it, including costs of collection, in addition to the compensation for its services. Such expenses shall include the reasonable compensation and expenses, disbursements and advances of the Indenture Trustee’s agents, counsel, accountants and experts. The Issuer shall indemnify and hold harmless the Indenture Trustee and its officers, directors, employees and agents from and against any and all cost, damage, loss, liability, tax or expense (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses) directly or indirectly incurred by the Indenture Trustee in connection with the administration and the enforcement of this Indenture (including this Section 6.07), the Series Supplement and the other Basic Documents and the Indenture Trustee’s rights, powers, duties and obligations under this Indenture, the Series Supplement and the other Basic Documents and the performance of its duties hereunder and thereunder and obligations under or pursuant to this Indenture, the Series Supplement and the other Basic Documents other than any such tax on the compensation of the Indenture Trustee for its services as Indenture Trustee. The Indenture Trustee shall notify the Issuer as soon as is reasonably practicable of any claim for which it may seek indemnity. Failure by the Indenture Trustee to so notify the Issuer shall not relieve the Issuer of its obligations hereunder. The Issuer shall defend the claim, the Indenture Trustee may have separate counsel, and the Issuer shall pay the reasonable fees and expenses of such counsel. Notwithstanding the foregoing or any other provision of this Indenture, the Issuer need not reimburse any expense or indemnify against any loss, liability or expense incurred by the Indenture Trustee through the Indenture Trustee’s own willful misconduct, negligence or bad faith.
The payment obligations to the Indenture Trustee pursuant to this Section 6.07 shall survive the termination or satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture and Series Supplement or the earlier resignation or removal of the Indenture Trustee. When the Indenture Trustee incurs expenses after the occurrence of a Default specified in Section 5.01(e) or Section 5.01(f) with respect to the Issuer, the expenses are intended to constitute expenses of administration under the Bankruptcy Code or any other applicable U.S. federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law.
SECTION 6.08. Replacement of Indenture Trustee and Securities Intermediary.
(a) The Indenture Trustee may resign at any time upon thirty (30) days’ prior written notice to the Issuer subject to Section 6.08(c). The Holders of a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds may remove the Indenture Trustee by so notifying the Indenture Trustee in writing not less than thirty-one (31) days prior to the date of removal and may appoint a successor Indenture Trustee. The Issuer shall remove the Indenture Trustee if:
(i) the Indenture Trustee fails to comply with Section 6.11;
(ii) the Indenture Trustee is adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent;
(iii) a receiver or other public officer takes charge of the Indenture Trustee or its property;
(iv) the Indenture Trustee otherwise becomes incapable of acting; or
(v) the Indenture Trustee fails to provide to the Issuer any information reasonably requested by the Issuer pertaining to the Indenture Trustee and necessary for the Issuer or Cleco Power to comply with its respective reporting obligations under the Exchange Act and Regulation AB and such failure is not resolved to the Issuer’s and the Indenture Trustee’s mutual satisfaction within a reasonable period of time.
Any removal or resignation of the Indenture Trustee shall also constitute a removal or resignation of the Securities Intermediary.
(b) If the Indenture Trustee gives notice of resignation or is removed or if a vacancy exists in the office of Indenture Trustee for any reason (the Indenture Trustee in such event being referred to herein as the retiring Indenture Trustee), the Issuer shall promptly appoint a successor Indenture Trustee and Securities Intermediary.
(c) A successor Indenture Trustee shall deliver a written acceptance of its appointment as the Indenture Trustee and as the Securities Intermediary to the retiring Indenture Trustee and to the Issuer. Thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring Indenture Trustee shall become effective, and the successor Indenture Trustee shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the Indenture Trustee and Securities Intermediary, as applicable, under this Indenture and the other Basic Documents. No resignation or removal of the Indenture Trustee pursuant to this Section 6.08 shall become effective until acceptance of the appointment by a successor Indenture Trustee having the qualifications set forth in Section 6.11. Notice of any such appointment shall be promptly given to each Rating Agency by the successor Indenture Trustee. The successor Indenture Trustee shall mail a notice of its succession to Holders. The retiring Indenture Trustee shall promptly transfer all property held by it as Indenture Trustee to the successor Indenture Trustee.
(d) If a successor Indenture Trustee does not take office within sixty (60) days after the retiring Indenture Trustee resigns or is removed, the retiring Indenture Trustee, the Issuer or the Holders of a majority in Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Indenture Trustee.
(e) If the Indenture Trustee fails to comply with Section 6.11, any Holder may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Indenture Trustee and the appointment of a successor Indenture Trustee.
(f) Notwithstanding the replacement of the Indenture Trustee pursuant to this Section 6.08, the Issuer’s obligations under Section 6.07 shall continue for the benefit of the retiring Indenture Trustee.
SECTION 6.09. Successor Indenture Trustee by Merger. If the Indenture Trustee consolidates with, merges or converts into, or transfers all or substantially all its corporate trust business or assets to, another corporation or banking association, the resulting, surviving or transferee corporation or banking association without any further act shall be the successor Indenture Trustee; provided, however, that, if such successor Indenture Trustee is not eligible under Section 6.11, then the successor Indenture Trustee shall be replaced in accordance with Section 6.08. Notice of any such event shall be promptly given to each Rating Agency by the successor Indenture Trustee.
In case at the time such successor or successors by merger, conversion, consolidation or transfer shall succeed to the trusts created by this Indenture any of the Storm Recovery Bonds shall have been authenticated but not delivered, any such successor to the Indenture Trustee may adopt the certificate of authentication of any predecessor trustee and deliver the Storm Recovery Bonds so authenticated; and, in case at that time any of the Storm Recovery Bonds shall not have been authenticated, any successor to the Indenture Trustee may authenticate the Storm Recovery Bonds either in the name of any predecessor hereunder or in the name of the successor to the Indenture Trustee; and in all such cases such certificates shall have the full force that it is anywhere in the Storm Recovery Bonds or in this Indenture provided that the certificate of the Indenture Trustee shall have.
SECTION 6.10. Appointment of Co-Trustee or Separate Trustee.
(a) Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Indenture, at any time, for the purpose of meeting any legal requirement of any jurisdiction in which any part of the Trust Estate may at the time be located, the Indenture Trustee shall have the power and may execute and deliver all instruments to appoint one or more Persons to act as a co-trustee or co-trustees, or separate trustee or separate trustees, of all or any part of the trust created by this Indenture or the Trust Estate, and to vest in such Person or Persons, in such capacity and for the benefit of the Holders, such title to the Trust Estate, or any part hereof, and, subject to the other provisions of this Section 6.10, such powers, duties, obligations, rights and trusts as the Indenture Trustee may consider necessary or desirable. No co-trustee or separate trustee hereunder shall be required to meet the terms of eligibility as a successor trustee under Section 6.11 and no notice to Holders of the appointment of any co-trustee or separate trustee shall be required under Section 6.08. Notice of any such appointment shall be promptly given to each Rating Agency and to the Louisiana Commission by the Indenture Trustee.
(b) Every separate trustee and co-trustee shall, to the extent permitted by applicable law, be appointed and act subject to the following provisions and conditions:
(i) all rights, powers, duties and obligations conferred or imposed upon the Indenture Trustee shall be conferred or imposed upon and exercised or performed by the Indenture Trustee and such separate trustee or co-trustee jointly (it being understood that such separate trustee or co-trustee is not authorized to act separately without the Indenture Trustee joining in such act), except to the extent that under any applicable law of any jurisdiction in which any particular act or acts are to be performed the Indenture Trustee shall be incompetent or unqualified to perform such act or acts, in which event such rights, powers, duties and obligations (including the holding of title to the Trust Estate or any portion thereof in any such jurisdiction) shall be exercised and performed singly by such separate trustee or co-trustee, but solely at the direction of the Indenture Trustee;
(ii) no trustee hereunder shall be personally liable by reason of any act or omission of any other trustee hereunder; and
(iii) the Indenture Trustee may at any time accept the resignation of or remove any separate trustee or co-trustee.
(c) Any notice, request or other writing given to the Indenture Trustee shall be deemed to have been given to each of the then-separate trustees and co-trustees, as effectively as if given to each of them. Every instrument appointing any separate trustee or co-trustee shall refer to this Indenture and the conditions of this Article VI. Each separate trustee and co-trustee, upon its acceptance of the trusts conferred, shall be vested with the estates or property specified in its instrument of appointment, either jointly with the Indenture Trustee or separately, as may be provided therein, subject to all the provisions of this Indenture, specifically including every provision of this Indenture relating to the conduct of, affecting the liability of, or affording protection to, the Indenture Trustee. Every such instrument shall be filed with the Indenture Trustee.
(d) Any separate trustee or co-trustee may at any time constitute the Indenture Trustee, its agent or its attorney-in-fact with full power and authority, to the extent not prohibited by applicable law, to do any lawful act under or in respect of this Indenture on its behalf and in its name. If any separate trustee or co-trustee shall die, become incapable of acting, resign or be removed, all of its estates, properties, rights, remedies and trusts shall vest in and be exercised by the Indenture Trustee, to the extent permitted by applicable law, without the appointment of a new or successor trustee.
SECTION 6.11. Eligibility; Disqualification. The Indenture Trustee shall at all times satisfy the requirements of Section 310(a)(1) of the Trust Indenture Act, Section 310(a)(5) of the Trust Indenture Act and Rule 3a-7 of the Investment Company Act. The Indenture Trustee shall have a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000 as set forth in its most recent published annual report of condition and shall have a long-term debt rating from each of Moody’s, S&P and Fitch in one of its generic rating categories that signifies investment grade. The Indenture Trustee shall comply with Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act, including the optional provision permitted by the second sentence of Section 310(b)(9) of the Trust Indenture Act; provided, however, that there shall be excluded from the operation of Section 310(b)(1) of the Trust Indenture Act any indenture or indentures under which other securities of the Issuer are outstanding if the requirements for such exclusion set forth in Section 310(b)(1) of the Trust Indenture Act are met.
SECTION 6.12. Preferential Collection of Claims Against Issuer. The Indenture Trustee shall comply with Section 311(a) of the Trust Indenture Act, excluding any creditor relationship listed in Section 311(b) of the Trust Indenture Act. An Indenture Trustee who has resigned or been removed shall be subject to Section 311(a) of the Trust Indenture Act to the extent indicated therein.
SECTION 6.13. Representations and Warranties of Indenture Trustee. The Indenture Trustee hereby represents and warrants that:
(a) the Indenture Trustee is a national banking association validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the United States of America; and
(b) the Indenture Trustee has full power, authority and legal right to execute, deliver and perform its obligations under this Indenture and the other Basic Documents to which the Indenture Trustee is a party and has taken all necessary action to authorize the execution, delivery and performance of obligations by it of this Indenture and such other Basic Documents.
SECTION 6.14. Annual Report by Independent Registered Public Accountants. The Indenture Trustee hereby covenants that it will cooperate fully with the firm of Independent registered public accountants performing the procedures required under Section 3.04 of the Servicing Agreement, it being understood and agreed that the Indenture Trustee will so cooperate in conclusive reliance upon the direction of the Issuer, and the Indenture Trustee makes no independent inquiry or investigation to, and shall have no obligation or liability in respect of, the sufficiency, validity or correctness of such procedures.
SECTION 6.15. Custody of Trust Estate. The Indenture Trustee shall hold such of the Trust Estate (and any other collateral that may be granted to the Indenture Trustee) as consists of instruments, deposit accounts, negotiable documents, money, goods, letters of credit and advices of credit in the State of New York. The Indenture Trustee shall hold such of the Trust Estate as constitute investment property through the Securities Intermediary (which, as of the date hereof, is The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, National Association). The initial Securities Intermediary hereby agrees (and each future Securities Intermediary shall agree) with the Indenture Trustee that (a) such investment property (other than cash) shall at all times be credited to a securities account of the Indenture Trustee, (b) the Securities Intermediary shall treat the Indenture Trustee as entitled to exercise the rights that comprise each financial asset credited to such securities account, (c) all property (other than cash) credited to such securities account shall be treated as a financial asset, (d) the Securities Intermediary shall comply with entitlement orders originated by the Indenture Trustee without the further consent of any other Person, (e) the Securities Intermediary will not agree with any Person other than the Indenture Trustee to comply with entitlement orders originated by such other Person, (f) such securities accounts and the property credited thereto shall not be subject to any Lien or right of set-off in favor of the Securities Intermediary or anyone claiming through it (other than the Indenture Trustee) and (g) such agreement shall be governed by the internal laws of the State of New York. Terms used in the preceding sentence that are defined in the UCC and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meaning set forth in the UCC. Except as permitted by this Section 6.15 or elsewhere in this Indenture, the Indenture Trustee shall not hold the Trust Estate through an agent or a nominee.
SECTION 6.16. FATCA. The Issuer agrees (i) to provide the Indenture Trustee with such reasonable information as it has in its possession to enable the Indenture Trustee to determine whether any payments pursuant to the Indenture are subject to the withholding requirements described in Section 1471(b) of the Internal Revenue Code or otherwise imposed pursuant to Sections 1471 through 1474 of the Internal Revenue Code and any regulations, or agreements thereunder or official interpretations thereof (“Applicable Law”), and (ii) that the Indenture Trustee shall be entitled to make any withholding or deduction from payments under the Indenture to the extent necessary to comply with Applicable Law, for which the Indenture Trustee shall not have any liability.
ARTICLE VII
Holders’ Lists and Reports
SECTION 7.01. Issuer To Furnish Indenture Trustee Names and Addresses of Holders. The Issuer will furnish or cause to be furnished to the Indenture Trustee (a) not more than five (5) days after the earlier of (i) each Record Date and (ii) six (6) months after the last Record Date, a list, in such form as the Indenture Trustee may reasonably require, of the names and addresses of the Holders as of such Record Date, and (b) at such other times as the Indenture Trustee may request in writing, within thirty (30) days after receipt by the Issuer of any such request, a list of similar form and content as of a date not more than ten (10) days prior to the time such list is furnished; provided, however, that, so long as the Indenture Trustee is the Storm Recovery Bond Registrar, no such list shall be required to be furnished.
SECTION 7.02. Preservation of Information; Communications to Holders.
(a) The Indenture Trustee shall preserve, in as current a form as is reasonably practicable, the names and addresses of the Holders contained in the most recent list furnished to the Indenture Trustee as provided in Section 7.01 and the names and addresses of Holders received by the Indenture Trustee in its capacity as Storm Recovery Bond Registrar. The Indenture Trustee may destroy any list furnished to it as provided in Section 7.01 upon receipt of a new list so furnished.
(b) Holders may communicate pursuant to Section 312(b) of the Trust Indenture Act with other Holders with respect to their rights under this Indenture or under the Storm Recovery Bonds. In addition, upon the written request of any Holder or group of Holders or of all Outstanding Storm Recovery Bonds evidencing at least ten (10) percent of the Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds, as applicable, the Indenture Trustee shall afford the Holder or Holders making such request a copy of a current list of Holders for purposes of communicating with other Holders with respect to their rights hereunder; provided, that the Indenture Trustee gives prior written notice to the Issuer of such request.
(c) The Issuer, the Indenture Trustee and the Storm Recovery Bond Registrar shall have the protection of Section 312(c) of the Trust Indenture Act.
SECTION 7.03. Reports by Issuer.
(a) The Issuer shall:
(i) so long as the Issuer or Cleco Power is required to file such documents with the SEC, provide to the Indenture Trustee and the Louisiana Commission, within fifteen (15) days after the Issuer is required to file the same with the SEC, copies of the annual reports and of the information, documents and other reports (or copies of such portions of any of the foregoing as the SEC may from time to time by rules and regulations prescribe) that the Issuer or Cleco Power may be required to file with the SEC;
(ii) provide to the Indenture Trustee and the Louisiana Commission and file with the SEC, in accordance with rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the SEC, such additional information, documents and reports with respect to compliance by the Issuer with the conditions and covenants of this Indenture as may be required from time to time by such rules and regulations; and
(iii) supply to the Indenture Trustee (and the Indenture Trustee shall transmit to all Holders described in Section 313(c) of the Trust Indenture Act) and the Louisiana Commission, such summaries of any information, documents and reports required to be filed by the Issuer pursuant to Section 7.03(a)(i) and Section 7.03(a)(ii) as may be required by rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the SEC.
Except as may be provided by Section 313(c) of the Trust Indenture Act, the Issuer may fulfill its obligation to provide the materials described in this Section 7.03(a) by providing such materials in electronic format.
(b) Unless the Issuer otherwise determines, the fiscal year of the Issuer shall end on December 31 of each year and will promptly notify the Indenture Trustee regarding any change in fiscal year.
(c) Delivery of such reports, information and documents to the Indenture Trustee is for informational purposes only and the Indenture Trustee’s receipt of such shall not constitute actual or constructive notice or knowledge of any information contained therein or determinable from information contained therein, including the Issuer’s compliance with any of its covenants hereunder (as to which the Indenture Trustee is entitled to rely exclusively on Officer’s Certificates).
SECTION 7.04. Reports by Indenture Trustee. If required by Section 313(a) of the Trust Indenture Act, within sixty (60) days after March 31 of each year, commencing with March 31, 2023, the Indenture Trustee shall send to each Holder as required by Section 313(c) of the Trust Indenture Act a brief report dated as of such date that complies with Section 313(a) of the Trust Indenture Act. The Indenture Trustee also shall comply with Section 313(b) of the Trust Indenture Act; provided, however, that the initial report if required to be so issued shall be delivered not more than twelve (12) months after the initial issuance of the Storm Recovery Bonds.
A copy of each report at the time of its sending to Holders shall be filed by the Servicer with the SEC and each stock exchange, if any, on which the Storm Recovery Bonds are listed. The Issuer shall notify the Indenture Trustee in writing if and when the Storm Recovery Bonds are listed on any stock exchange.
ARTICLE VIII
Accounts, Disbursements and Releases
SECTION 8.01. Collection of Money. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, the Indenture Trustee may demand payment or delivery of, and shall receive and collect, directly and without intervention or assistance of any fiscal agent or other intermediary, all money and other property payable to or receivable by the Indenture Trustee pursuant to this Indenture and the other Basic Documents. The Indenture Trustee shall apply all such money received by it as provided in this Indenture within two (2) Business Days. Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Indenture, if any default occurs in the making of any payment or performance under any agreement or instrument that is part of the Trust Estate, the Indenture Trustee may take such action as may be appropriate to enforce such payment or performance, subject to Article VI, including the institution and prosecution of appropriate Proceedings. Any such action shall be without prejudice to any right to claim a Default or Event of Default under this Indenture and any right to proceed thereafter as provided in Article V.
SECTION 8.02. Collection Account.
(a) On or prior to the Closing Date, the Issuer shall open or cause to be opened with the Indenture Trustee located at the Corporate Trust Office of the Indenture Trustee, or at another Eligible Institution, one or more segregated non-interest bearing trust accounts in the Indenture Trustee’s name for the deposit of Storm Recovery Charges and all other amounts received with respect to the Trust Estate (the “Collection Account” and collectively, the “Collection Accounts”). The Indenture Trustee shall hold the Collection Account for the benefit of the Holders, the Indenture Trustee and the other persons indemnified hereunder. Initially the Collection Account shall be divided into three subaccounts, which need not be separate accounts: a general subaccount (the “General Subaccount”); an excess funds subaccount (the “Excess Funds Subaccount”); a capital subaccount (the “Capital Subaccount” and, together with the General Subaccount and the Excess Funds Subaccount, the “Subaccounts”). For administrative purposes, the Subaccounts may be established by the Securities Intermediary as separate accounts. Such separate Subaccounts will be recognized individually as a Subaccount and collectively as the “Collection Account”. Prior to or concurrently with the issuance of the Storm Recovery Bonds, the Member shall deposit into the Capital Subaccount an amount equal to the Required Capital Amount. Unless otherwise provided herein, all amounts in the Collection Account not allocated to any other Subaccount shall be allocated to the General Subaccount. Prior to the initial Payment Date, all amounts in the Collection Account (other than funds deposited into the Capital Subaccount up to the Required Capital Amount) shall be allocated to the General Subaccount. All references to a Collection Account shall be deemed to include reference to all Subaccounts contained therein. Withdrawals from and deposits to each of the foregoing Subaccounts of the Collection Account shall be made as set forth in Sections 8.02(d) and 8.02(e). The Collection Account shall at all times be maintained in an Eligible Account and will be under the sole dominion and exclusive control of the Indenture Trustee, and only the Indenture Trustee shall have access to the applicable Collection Account for the purpose of making deposits in and withdrawals from the applicable Collection Account in accordance with this Indenture. Funds in a Collection Account shall not be commingled with any other moneys. All moneys deposited from time to time in the Collection Account, all deposits therein pursuant to this Indenture and all investments made in Eligible Investments as directed in writing by the Issuer with such moneys, including all income or other gain from such investments, shall be held by the Indenture Trustee in the Collection Account as part of the Trust Estate as herein provided. The Indenture Trustee shall have no liability in respect of losses incurred as a result of the liquidation of any Eligible Investment prior to its stated maturity or its date of redemption or the failure of the Issuer or the Servicer to provide timely written investment direction.
(b) The Indenture Trustee hereby confirms that (i) each Collection Account is, or at inception will be established as, a “securities account” as such term is defined in Section 8-501(a) of the UCC, (ii) it is a “securities intermediary” (as such term is defined in Section 8-102(a)(14) of the UCC) and is acting in such capacity with respect to such accounts, (iii) the Indenture Trustee for the benefit of the Holders is the sole “entitlement holder” (as such term is defined in Section 8-102(a)(7) of the UCC) with respect to such accounts and (iv) no other Person shall have the right to give “entitlement orders” (as such term is defined in Section 8-102(a)(8)) with respect to such accounts. The Securities Intermediary hereby further agrees that each item of property (whether investment property, financial asset, security, instrument or cash) received by it will be credited to the applicable Collection Account and shall be treated by it as a “financial asset” within the meaning of Section 8-102(a)(9) of the UCC. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, the State of New York shall be deemed to be the jurisdiction of the Securities Intermediary for purposes of Section 8-110 of the UCC, and the Collection Accounts (as well as the securities entitlements related thereto) shall be governed by the laws of the State of New York.
(c) The Indenture Trustee shall have sole dominion and exclusive control over all moneys in the applicable Collection Account and shall apply such amounts therein as provided in this Section 8.02.
(d) Storm Recovery Charge Collections shall be deposited in the applicable General Subaccount as provided in Section 6.12 of the Servicing Agreement. All deposits to and withdrawals from the Collection Account, all allocations to the Subaccounts of the Collection Account and any amounts to be paid to the Servicer under Section 8.02(e) shall be made by the Indenture Trustee in accordance with the written instructions provided by the Servicer in the Monthly Servicer’s Certificate or the Semi-Annual Servicer’s Certificate.
(e) On each Payment Date for the Storm Recovery Bonds, the Indenture Trustee shall apply all amounts on deposit in the applicable Collection Account, including all Investment Earnings thereon, in accordance with the Semi-Annual Servicer’s Certificate, in the following priority:
(i) payment of the Indenture Trustee’s fees, expenses and outstanding indemnity amounts shall be paid to the Indenture Trustee (subject to Section 6.07) in an amount not to exceed $100,000.00 in any 12-month period (the “Indenture Trustee Cap”); provided, however, that the Indenture Trustee Cap shall be disregarded and inapplicable upon the acceleration of the Storm Recovery Bonds following the occurrence of an Event of Default;
(ii) payment of the Servicing Fee with respect to such Payment Date, plus any unpaid Servicing Fees for prior Payment Dates shall be paid to the Servicer;
(iii) payment of the allocable share of the Administration Fee for such Payment Date shall be paid to the Administrator and the Independent Manager Fee for such Payment Date shall be paid to the Independent Managers, and in each case with any unpaid Administration Fees or Independent Manager Fees from prior Payment Dates;
(iv) payment of all other ordinary periodic Operating Expenses for such Payment Date not described above shall be paid to the parties to which such Operating Expenses are owed;
(v) payment of Periodic Interest for such Payment Date with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds, including any overdue Periodic Interest (together with, to the extent lawful, interest on such overdue Periodic Interest at the applicable Bond Interest Rate), with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds shall be paid to the Holders of Storm Recovery Bonds;
(vi) payment of the principal due to be paid on the Storm Recovery Bonds on the Final Maturity Date for such tranche or as a result of an acceleration upon an Event of Default shall be paid to the Holders of Storm Recovery Bonds;
(vii) payment of the principal then scheduled to be paid on such Payment Date in accordance with the Expected Sinking Fund Schedule, including any principal that was scheduled to be paid on a prior Payment Date but was not paid as scheduled, with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds shall be paid to the Holders of Storm Recovery Bonds;
(viii) payment of the allocable share of any other unpaid Operating Expenses (including any such amounts owed to the Indenture Trustee, but unpaid due to the limitation in Section 8.02(e)(i)) and any remaining amounts owed pursuant to the Basic Documents shall be paid to the parties to which such Operating Expenses or remaining amounts are owed;
(ix) replenishment of the amount, if any, by which the Required Capital Amount exceeds the amount in the Capital Subaccount as of such Payment Date shall be allocated to the Capital Subaccount;
(x) the Return on Invested Capital then due and payable shall be paid to Cleco Power;
(xi) the balance, if any, shall be allocated to the Excess Funds Subaccount; and
(xii) after the Storm Recovery Bonds have been paid in full and discharged, and all of the other foregoing amounts are paid in full, together with all amounts due and payable to the Indenture Trustee under Section 6.07 or otherwise, the balance (including all amounts then held in the Capital Subaccount and the Excess Funds Subaccount), if any, shall be paid to the Issuer, free from the Lien of this Indenture and credited (other than an amount equal to the Required Capital Amount plus any unpaid Return on Invested Capital) to Customers through normal ratemaking processes consistent with the Financing Order.
All payments to the Holders pursuant to Section 8.02(e)(v) and Section 8.02(e)(vi) shall be made to such Holders pro rata based on the respective amounts of interest and/or principal owed, unless, the Series Supplement provides otherwise. Payments in respect of principal of and premium, if any, and interest on any tranche of Storm Recovery Bonds will be made on a pro rata basis among all the Holders of such tranche. Periodic principal payments scheduled to be paid on multiple tranches shall be paid in sequential order in accordance with Section 8.02(e)(vii). In the case of an Event of Default, then, in accordance with Section 5.04(c), in respect of any application of moneys pursuant to Section 8.02(e)(v) or Section 8.02(e)(vi), moneys will be applied pursuant to Section 8.02(e)(v) and Section 8.02(e)(vi), as the case may be, in such order, on a pro rata basis, based upon the interest or the principal owed.
(f) If on any Payment Date, or, for any amounts payable under Section 8.02(e)(i), Section 8.02(e)(ii), Section 8.02(e)(iii) and Section 8.02(e)(iv), on any Business Day, funds on deposit in the General Subaccount are insufficient to make the payments contemplated by Section 8.02(e)(i), Section 8.02(e)(ii), Section 8.02(e)(iii), Section 8.02(e)(iv), Section 8.02(e)(v), Section 8.02(e)(vi), Section 8.02(e)(vii), Section 8.02(e)(viii) and Section 8.02(e)(ix), the Indenture Trustee shall (i) first, draw from amounts on deposit in the Excess Funds Subaccount, and (ii) second, draw from amounts on deposit in the Capital Subaccount, in each case, up to the amount of such shortfall in order to make the payments contemplated by Section 8.02(e)(i), Section 8.02(e)(ii), Section 8.02(e)(iii), Section 8.02(e)(iv), Section 8.02(e)(v), Section 8.02(e)(vi), Section 8.02(e)(vii) and Section 8.02(e)(viii). In addition, if on any Payment Date funds on deposit in the General Subaccount are insufficient to make the allocations contemplated by Section 8.02(e)(ix), the Indenture Trustee shall draw any amounts on deposit in the Excess Funds Subaccount to make such allocations to the Capital Subaccount.
(g) On any Business Day upon which the Indenture Trustee receives a written request from the Administrator stating that any Operating Expense payable by the Issuer (but only as described in Section 8.02(e)(i), Section 8.02(e)(ii), Section 8.02(e)(iii) and Section 8.02(e)(iv)) will become due and payable prior to the next Payment Date, and setting forth the amount and nature of such Operating Expense, as well as any supporting documentation that the Indenture Trustee may reasonably request, the Indenture Trustee, upon receipt of such information, will make payment of such Operating Expenses on or before the date such payment is due from amounts on deposit in the General Subaccount, the Excess Funds Subaccount and the Capital Subaccount, in that order and only to the extent required to make such payment.
SECTION 8.03. General Provisions Regarding the Collection Account.
(a) So long as no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, all or a portion of the funds in the Collection Account shall be invested in Eligible Investments and reinvested by the Indenture Trustee upon Issuer Order; provided, however, that such Eligible Investments shall not mature or be redeemed later than the Business Day prior to the next Payment Date or Special Payment Date for the related tranche, if applicable, for the Storm Recovery Bonds. All income or other gain from investments of moneys deposited in the Collection Account shall be deposited by the Indenture Trustee in such Collection Account, and any loss resulting from such investments shall be charged to the Collection Account. The Issuer will not direct the Indenture Trustee to make any investment of any funds or to sell any investment held in any Collection Account unless the security interest Granted and perfected in such account will continue to be perfected in such investment or the proceeds of such sale, in either case without any further action by any Person, and, in connection with any direction to the Indenture Trustee to make any such investment or sale, if requested by the Indenture Trustee, the Issuer shall deliver to the Indenture Trustee an Opinion of Counsel of external counsel of the Issuer (at the Issuer’s cost and expense) to such effect. In no event shall the Indenture Trustee be liable for the selection of Eligible Investments or for investment losses incurred thereon. The Indenture Trustee shall have no liability in respect of losses incurred as a result of the liquidation of any Eligible Investment prior to its stated maturity or its date of redemption or the failure of the Issuer or the Servicer to provide timely and specific written investment direction. The Indenture Trustee shall have no obligation to invest or reinvest any amounts held hereunder in the absence of written investment direction pursuant to an Issuer Order, in which case such amounts shall remain uninvested.
(b) Subject to Section 6.01(c), the Indenture Trustee shall not in any way be held liable by reason of any insufficiency in the Collection Account resulting from any loss on any Eligible Investment included therein except for losses attributable to the Indenture Trustee’s failure to make payments on such Eligible Investments issued by the Indenture Trustee, in its commercial capacity as principal obligor and not as trustee, in accordance with their terms.
(c) If (i) the Issuer shall have failed to give written investment directions for any funds on deposit in the Collection Account to the Indenture Trustee by 11:00 a.m. New York City time (or such other time as may be agreed by the Issuer and Indenture Trustee) on any Business Day or (ii) a Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds but the Storm Recovery Bonds shall not have been declared due and payable pursuant to Section 5.02, then the Indenture Trustee shall, to the fullest extent practicable, invest and reinvest funds in such Collection Account in Eligible Investments specified in the most recent written investment directions delivered by the Issuer to the Indenture Trustee; provided, that if the Issuer has never delivered written investment directions to the Indenture Trustee, the Indenture Trustee shall not invest or reinvest such funds in any investments.
(d) The parties hereto acknowledge that the Servicer may, pursuant to the Servicing Agreement, select Eligible Investments on behalf of the Issuer; provided, however, that any such investment direction on behalf of the Issuer must be given in writing to the Indenture Trustee.
(e) Except as otherwise provided hereunder or agreed in writing among the parties hereto, the Issuer shall retain the authority to institute, participate and join in any plan of reorganization, readjustment, merger or consolidation with respect to the issuer of any Eligible Investments held hereunder, and, in general, to exercise each and every other power or right with respect to each such asset or investment as Persons generally have and enjoy with respect to their own assets and investment, including power to vote upon any Eligible Investments.
SECTION 8.04. Release of Trust Estate.
(a) So long as the Issuer is not in Default hereunder and no Default or Event of Default hereunder would occur as a result of such action, the Issuer, through the Servicer, may collect, sell or otherwise dispose of written-off receivables, at any time and from time to time in the ordinary course of business, without any notice to, or release or consent by, the Indenture Trustee, but only as and to the extent permitted by the Basic Documents; provided, however, that any and all proceeds of such dispositions shall become part of the Trust Estate and be deposited to the General Subaccount immediately upon receipt thereof by the Issuer or any other Person, including the Servicer. Without limiting the foregoing, the Servicer, may, at any time and from time to time without any notice to, or release or consent by, the Indenture Trustee, sell or otherwise dispose of any part of the Trust Estate previously written-off as a defaulted or uncollectible account in accordance with the terms of the Servicing Agreement and the requirements of the proviso in the preceding sentence.
(b) Subject to the payment of its fees and expenses pursuant to Section 6.07, the Indenture Trustee may, and when required by the provisions of this Indenture shall, execute instruments to release property from the Lien of this Indenture, or convey the Indenture Trustee’s interest in the same, in a manner and under circumstances that are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture. No party relying upon an instrument executed by the Indenture Trustee as provided in this Article VIII shall be bound to ascertain the Indenture Trustee’s authority, inquire into the satisfaction of any conditions precedent or see to the application of any moneys. The Indenture Trustee shall release property from the Lien of this Indenture pursuant to this Section 8.04(b) only upon receipt of an Issuer Request accompanied by an Officer’s Certificate, an Opinion of Counsel of external counsel of the Issuer (at the Issuer’s cost and expense) and (if required by the Trust Indenture Act) Independent Certificates in accordance with Section 314(c) of the Trust Indenture Act and Section 314(d)(1) of the Trust Indenture Act meeting the applicable requirements of Section 10.01.
(c) The Indenture Trustee shall, at such time as there are no Storm Recovery Bonds Outstanding, and all other Financing Costs are paid in full, and all sums due and payable to the Indenture Trustee pursuant to Section 6.07 or otherwise have been paid, release any remaining portion of the Trust Estate from the Lien of this Indenture and release to the Issuer or any other Person entitled thereto any funds or investments then on deposit in or credited to the Collection Account consistent with Section 8.02(e)(xii).
SECTION 8.05. Opinion of Counsel. The Indenture Trustee shall receive at least seven (7) days’ notice when requested by the Issuer to take any action pursuant to Section 8.04, accompanied by copies of any instruments involved, and the Indenture Trustee shall also require, as a condition to such action, an Opinion of Counsel of external counsel of the Issuer, in form and substance satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee, stating the legal effect of any such action, outlining the steps required to complete the same, and concluding that all conditions precedent to the taking of such action have been complied with and such action will not materially and adversely impair the security for the Storm Recovery Bonds or the rights of the Holders in contravention of the provisions of this Indenture and the Series Supplement; provided, however, that such Opinion of Counsel shall not be required to express an opinion as to the fair value of the Trust Estate. Counsel rendering any such opinion may rely, without independent investigation, on the accuracy and validity of any certificate or other instrument delivered to the Indenture Trustee in connection with any such action.
SECTION 8.06. Reports by Independent Registered Public Accountants. As of the date hereof, the Issuer shall appoint a firm of Independent registered public accountants of recognized national reputation for purposes of preparing and delivering the reports or certificates of such accountants required by this Indenture and the Series Supplement. In the event such firm requires the Indenture Trustee to agree to the procedures performed by such firm, the Issuer shall direct the Indenture Trustee in writing to so agree, it being understood and agreed that the Indenture Trustee will deliver such letter of agreement in conclusive reliance upon the direction of the Issuer, and the Indenture Trustee makes no independent inquiry or investigation to, and shall have no obligation or liability in respect of, the sufficiency, validity or correctness of such procedures. Upon any resignation by, or termination by the Issuer of, such firm, the Issuer shall provide written notice thereof to the Indenture Trustee and shall promptly appoint a successor thereto that shall also be a firm of Independent registered public accountants of recognized national reputation. If the Issuer shall fail to appoint a successor to a firm of Independent registered public accountants that has resigned or been terminated within fifteen (15) days after such resignation or termination, the Servicer shall promptly notify the Issuer of such failure in writing. If the Issuer shall not have appointed a successor within ten (10) days thereafter, the Servicer shall promptly appoint a successor firm of Independent registered public accountants of recognized national reputation. The fees of such Independent registered public accountants and its successor shall be payable by the Issuer.
ARTICLE IX
SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES
SECTION 9.01. Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders.
(a) Without the consent of the Holders of any Storm Recovery Bonds but with prior notice to the Rating Agencies, the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee, when authorized by an Issuer Order, at any time and from time to time, may enter into one or more indentures supplemental hereto (which shall conform to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act as in force at the date of the execution thereof), in form satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee, for any of the following purposes:
(i) to correct or amplify the description of any property at any time subject to the Lien of this Indenture, or better to assure, convey and confirm unto the Indenture Trustee any property subject or required to be subjected to the Lien of this Indenture, or to subject to the Lien of this Indenture additional property;
(ii) to evidence the succession, in compliance with the applicable provisions hereof, of another Person to the Issuer, and the assumption by any such successor of the covenants of the Issuer herein and in the Storm Recovery Bonds;
(iii) to add to the covenants of the Issuer, for the benefit of the Holders, or to surrender any right or power herein conferred upon the Issuer;
(iv) to convey, transfer, assign, mortgage or pledge any property to or with the Indenture Trustee;
(v) to cure any ambiguity, to correct or supplement any provision herein or in any supplemental indenture, including the Series Supplement, that may be inconsistent with any other provision herein or in any supplemental indenture, including the Series Supplement, or to make any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under this Indenture or in any supplemental indenture; provided, that (A) such action shall not, as evidenced by an Opinion of Counsel of external counsel of the Issuer, adversely affect in any material respect the interests of the Holders and (B) the Rating Agency Condition shall have been satisfied with respect thereto;
(vi) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of the appointment hereunder by a successor trustee with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one trustee, pursuant to the requirements of Article VI;
(vii) to modify, eliminate or add to the provisions of this Indenture to such extent as shall be necessary to effect the qualification of this Indenture under the Trust Indenture Act and to add to this Indenture such other provisions as may be expressly required by the Trust Indenture Act;
(viii) to qualify the Storm Recovery Bonds for registration with a Clearing Agency;
(ix) to satisfy any Rating Agency requirements; and
(x) to authorize the appointment of any fiduciary for any tranche of the Storm Recovery Bonds required or advisable with the listing of any tranche of the Storm Recovery Bonds on any stock exchange and otherwise amend this Indenture to incorporate changes requested or required by any government authority, stock exchange authority or fiduciary for any tranche of the Storm Recovery Bonds in connection with such listing.
The Indenture Trustee is hereby authorized to join in the execution of any such supplemental indenture and to make any further appropriate agreements and stipulations that may be therein contained.
(b) The Issuer and the Indenture Trustee, when authorized by an Issuer Order, may, also without the consent of any of the Holders, enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto for the purpose of adding any provisions to, or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of, this Indenture or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Holders under this Indenture; provided, however, that (i) such action shall not, as evidenced by an Opinion of Counsel of nationally recognized counsel of the Issuer experienced in structured finance transactions, adversely affect in any material respect the interests of the Holders and (ii) the Rating Agency Condition shall have been satisfied with respect thereto.
SECTION 9.02. Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Holders. The Issuer and the Indenture Trustee, when authorized by an Issuer Order, also may, with prior notice to the Rating Agencies and with the consent of the Holders of a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds of each tranche to be affected, by Act of such Holders delivered to the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee, enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto for the purpose of adding any provisions to, or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of, this Indenture or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Holders under this Indenture; provided, however, that no such supplemental indenture shall, without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Storm Recovery Bond of each tranche affected thereby:
(i) change the date of payment of any installment of principal of or premium, if any, or interest on any Storm Recovery Bond of such tranche, or reduce the principal amount thereof, the interest rate thereon or premium, if any, with respect thereto;
(ii) change the provisions of this Indenture and the Series Supplement relating to the application of collections on, or the proceeds of the sale of, the Trust Estate to payment of principal of or premium, if any, or interest on the Storm Recovery Bonds of such tranche, or change any place of payment where, or the coin or currency in which, any Storm Recovery Bond of such tranche or the interest thereon is payable;
(iii) reduce the percentage of the Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds or of a tranche thereof, the consent of the Holders of which is required for any such supplemental indenture, or the consent of the Holders of which is required for any waiver of compliance with certain provisions of this Indenture or certain defaults hereunder and their consequences provided for in this Indenture;
(iv) reduce the percentage of the Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds required to direct the Indenture Trustee to direct the Issuer to sell or liquidate the Trust Estate pursuant to Section 5.04;
(v) modify any provision of this Section 9.02 or any provision of the other Basic Documents similarly specifying the rights of the Holders to consent to modification thereof, except to increase any percentage specified herein or to provide that those provisions of this Indenture or the other Basic Documents referenced in this Section 9.02 cannot be modified or waived without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Storm Recovery Bond affected thereby;
(vi) modify any of the provisions of this Indenture in such manner as to affect the calculation of the amount of any payment of interest, principal or premium, if any, due and payable on any Storm Recovery Bond on any Payment Date (including the calculation of any of the individual components of such calculation) or change the Expected Sinking Fund Schedule or Final Maturity Date of Storm Recovery Bonds;
(vii) decrease the Required Capital Amount with respect to any Series;
(viii) permit the creation of any Lien ranking prior to or on a parity with the Lien of this Indenture with respect to any part of the Trust Estate or, except as otherwise permitted or contemplated herein, terminate the Lien of this Indenture on any property at any time subject hereto or deprive the Holder of any Storm Recovery Bond of the security provided by the Lien of this Indenture;
(ix) cause any material adverse U.S. federal income tax consequence to the Seller, the Issuer, the Managers, the Indenture Trustee or the then-existing Holders; or
(x) impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of the provisions of this Indenture regarding payment or application of funds.
It shall not be necessary for any Act of Holders under this Section 9.02 to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture, but it shall be sufficient if such Act shall approve the substance thereof.
Promptly after the execution by the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee of any supplemental indenture pursuant to this Section 9.02, the Issuer shall mail to the Rating Agencies a copy of such supplemental indenture and to the Holders to which such supplemental indenture relates either a copy of such supplemental indenture or a notice setting forth in general terms the substance of such supplemental indenture. Any failure of the Issuer to mail such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such supplemental indenture.
SECTION 9.03. Louisiana Commission Condition. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 9.01 or 9.02, no indenture or indentures supplemental to this Indenture (other than the Series Supplement which shall not be subject to the Louisiana Commission Condition (as described in this Section 9.03)) shall be effective if such supplemental indenture or indentures increases Ongoing Financing Costs, except upon satisfaction of the conditions precedent in this Section 9.03.
(a) The Issuer may submit the proposed amendment, modification, waiver, supplement, termination, surrender or supplemental indenture, as the case may be, to the Louisiana Commission by delivering to the Louisiana Commission’s executive counsel a written request for such consent, which request shall contain:
(i) a reference to Docket No. U-35807 and a statement as to the possible effect of the proposed amendment, modification, waiver, supplement, termination, surrender or supplemental indenture, as the case may be, on Ongoing Financing Costs;
(ii) an Officer’s Certificate stating that the proposed amendment, modification, waiver, supplement, termination, surrender or supplemental indenture, as the case may be, has been approved by all parties to this Indenture, and if applicable, the Holders; and
(iii) a statement identifying the individual to whom the Louisiana Commission or its staff is to address its consent to the proposed amendment, modification, waiver, supplement, termination, surrender or supplemental indenture, as the case may be, or request additional time.
(b) Any proposed amendment, modification, waiver, supplement, termination, surrender or supplemental indenture, as the case may be, requiring the consent of the Louisiana Commission as provided in this Section 9.03 shall become effective on the later of:
(i) the date proposed by the parties to the proposed amendment, modification, waiver, supplement, termination, surrender or supplemental indenture, as the case may be; or
(ii) thirty-one (31) days after such submission of the proposed amendment, modification, waiver, supplement, termination, surrender or supplemental indenture, as the case may be, to the Louisiana Commission unless the Louisiana Commission issues an order disapproving the amendment within a thirty (30)-day period.
SECTION 9.04. Execution of Supplemental Indentures. In executing any supplemental indenture permitted by this Article IX or the modifications thereby of the Trust Estate, the Indenture Trustee shall be entitled to receive and be fully protected in relying upon an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such supplemental indenture is authorized and permitted by this Indenture and all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to such supplemental indenture or modification have been satisfied. The Indenture Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to, enter into any such supplemental indenture that affects the Indenture Trustee’s own rights, duties, liabilities or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise.
SECTION 9.05. Effect of Supplemental Indenture. Upon the execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to the provisions hereof, this Indenture shall be and be deemed to be modified and amended in accordance therewith with respect to each tranche of Storm Recovery Bonds affected thereby, and the respective rights, limitations of rights, obligations, duties, liabilities and immunities under this Indenture of the Indenture Trustee, the Issuer and the Holders shall thereafter be determined, exercised and enforced hereunder subject in all respects to such modifications and amendments, and all the terms and conditions of any such supplemental indenture shall be and be deemed to be part of the terms and conditions of this Indenture for any and all purposes.
SECTION 9.06. Conformity with Trust Indenture Act. Every amendment of this Indenture and every supplemental indenture executed pursuant to this Article IX shall conform to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act as then in effect so long as this Indenture shall then be qualified under the Trust Indenture Act.
SECTION 9.07. Reference in Storm Recovery Bonds to Supplemental Indentures. Storm Recovery Bonds authenticated and delivered after the execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to this Article IX may, and if required by the Indenture Trustee shall, bear a notation in form approved by the Indenture Trustee as to any matter provided for in such supplemental indenture. If the Issuer shall so determine, new Storm Recovery Bonds so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the Issuer, to any such supplemental indenture may be prepared and executed by the Issuer and authenticated and delivered by the Indenture Trustee in exchange for Outstanding Storm Recovery Bonds.
ARTICLE X
MISCELLANEOUS
SECTION 10.01. Compliance Certificates and Opinions, etc.
(a) Upon any application or request by the Issuer to the Indenture Trustee to take any action under any provision of this Indenture, the Issuer shall furnish to the Indenture Trustee (i) an Officer’s Certificate stating that all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with, (ii) an Opinion of Counsel stating that in the opinion of such counsel the amendment is authorized and permitted and all such conditions precedent, if any, have been complied with and (iii) (if required by the Trust Indenture Act) an Independent Certificate from a firm of registered public accountants meeting the applicable requirements of this Section 10.01, except that, in the case of any such application or request as to which the furnishing of such documents is specifically required by any provision of this Indenture, no additional certificate or opinion need be furnished.
Every certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture shall include:
(i) a statement that each signatory of such certificate or opinion has read or has caused to be read such covenant or condition and the definitions herein relating thereto;
(ii) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based;
(iii) a statement that, in the opinion of each such signatory, such signatory has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable such signatory to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and
(iv) a statement as to whether, in the opinion of each such signatory, such condition or covenant has been complied with.
(b) Prior to the deposit of any collateral or other property or securities with the Indenture Trustee that is to be made the basis for the release of any property or securities subject to the Lien of this Indenture, the Issuer shall, in addition to any obligation imposed in Section 10.01(a) or elsewhere in this Indenture, furnish to the Indenture Trustee an Officer’s Certificate certifying or stating the opinion of each individual signing such certificate as to the fair value (within ninety (90) days of such deposit) to the Issuer of the Trust Estate or other property or securities to be so deposited.
(c) Whenever the Issuer is required to furnish to the Indenture Trustee an Officer’s Certificate certifying or stating the opinion of any signer thereof as to the matters described in Section 10.01(b), the Issuer shall also deliver to the Indenture Trustee an Independent Certificate as to the same matters, if the fair value to the Issuer of the securities to be so deposited and of all other such securities made the basis of any such withdrawal or release since the commencement of the then-current fiscal year of the Issuer, as set forth in the certificates delivered pursuant to Section 10.01(b) and this Section 10.01(c), is ten (10) percent or more of the Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds, but such a certificate need not be furnished with respect to any securities so deposited, if the fair value thereof to the Issuer as set forth in the related Officer’s Certificate is less than the lesser of (A) $25,000 or (B) one (1) percent of the Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds.
(d) Whenever any property or securities are to be released from the Lien of this Indenture other than pursuant to Section 8.02(e), the Issuer shall also furnish to the Indenture Trustee an Officer’s Certificate certifying or stating the opinion of each individual signing such certificate as to the fair value (within ninety (90) days of such release) of the property or securities proposed to be released and stating that in the opinion of such person the proposed release will not impair the security under this Indenture in contravention of the provisions hereof.
(e) Whenever the Issuer is required to furnish to the Indenture Trustee an Officer’s Certificate certifying or stating the opinion of any signatory thereof as to the matters described in Section 10.01(d), the Issuer shall also furnish to the Indenture Trustee an Independent Certificate as to the same matters if the fair value of the property or securities with respect thereto, or securities released from the Lien of this Indenture (other than pursuant to Section 8.02(e)) since the commencement of the then-current calendar year, as set forth in the certificates required by Section 10.01(d) and this Section 10.01(e), equals ten (10) percent or more of the Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds, but such certificate need not be furnished in the case of any release of property or securities if the fair value thereof as set forth in the related Officer’s Certificate is less than the lesser of (A) $25,000 or (B) one (1) percent of the then Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds.
(f) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 10.01, the Indenture Trustee may (A) collect, liquidate, sell or otherwise dispose of the Storm Recovery Property and other assets in the Trust Estate as and to the extent permitted or required by the Basic Documents and (B) make cash payments out of the Collection Account as and to the extent permitted or required by the Basic Documents.
SECTION 10.02. Form of Documents Delivered to Indenture Trustee. In any case where several matters are required to be certified by, or covered by an opinion of, any specified Person, it is not necessary that all such matters be certified by, or covered by the opinion of, only one such Person, or that they be so certified or covered by only one document, but one such Person may certify or give an opinion with respect to some matters and one or more other such Persons as to other matters, and any such Person may certify or give an opinion as to such matters in one or several documents.
Any certificate or opinion of a Responsible Officer of the Issuer may be based, insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, counsel, unless such officer knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to the matters upon which his or her certificate or opinion is based are erroneous. Any such certificate of a Responsible Officer or Opinion of Counsel may be based, insofar as it relates to factual matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, an officer or officers of the Servicer or the Issuer stating that the information with respect to such factual matters is in the possession of the Servicer or the Issuer, unless such counsel knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to such matters are erroneous.
Whenever in this Indenture, in connection with any application or certificate or report to the Indenture Trustee, it is provided that the Issuer shall deliver any document as a condition of the granting of such application, or as evidence of the Issuer’s compliance with any term hereof, it is intended that the truth and accuracy, at the time of the granting of such application or at the effective date of such certificate or report (as the case may be), of the facts and opinions stated in such document shall in such case be conditions precedent to the right of the Issuer to have such application granted or to the sufficiency of such certificate or report. The foregoing shall not, however, be construed to affect the Indenture Trustee’s right to rely conclusively upon the truth and accuracy of any statement or opinion contained in any such document as provided in Article VI.
Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other instruments under this Indenture, they may, but need not, be consolidated and form one instrument.
SECTION 10.03. Acts of Holders.
(a) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by this Indenture to be given or taken by Holders may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of substantially similar tenor signed by such Holders in person or by agents duly appointed in writing, and except as herein otherwise expressly provided such action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments are delivered to the Indenture Trustee and, where it is hereby expressly required, to the Issuer. Such instrument or instruments (and the action embodied therein and evidenced thereby) are herein sometimes referred to as the “Act” of the Holders signing such instrument or instruments. Proof of execution of any such instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent shall be sufficient for any purpose of this Indenture and (subject to Section 6.01) conclusive in favor of the Indenture Trustee and the Issuer, if made in the manner provided in this Section 10.03.
(b) The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such instrument or writing may be proved in any manner that the Indenture Trustee deems sufficient.
(c) The ownership of Storm Recovery Bonds shall be proved by the Storm Recovery Bond Register.
(d) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action by the Holder of any Storm Recovery Bond shall bind the Holder of every Storm Recovery Bond issued upon the registration thereof or in exchange therefor or in lieu thereof, in respect of anything done, omitted or suffered to be done by the Indenture Trustee or the Issuer in reliance thereon, whether or not notation of such action is made upon such Storm Recovery Bond.
SECTION 10.04. Notices, etc., to Indenture Trustee, Issuer and Rating Agencies. Any notice, report or other communication given hereunder shall be in writing and shall be effective (i) upon receipt when sent through the mails, registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, with such receipt to be effective the date of delivery indicated on the return receipt, (ii) upon receipt when sent by an overnight courier, (iii) on the date personally delivered to an authorized officer of the party to which sent or (iv) on the date transmitted by facsimile or other electronic transmission with a confirmation of receipt in all cases, addressed as follows:
(a) in the case of the Issuer, to Cleco Securitization I LLC, 505 Cleco Drive Office Number 16, Pineville, Louisiana 71360-5226, Attention: Manager;
(b) in the case of the Indenture Trustee, the Paying Agent and the Storm Recovery Bond Registar, to the Corporate Trust Office of the Indenture Trustee;
(c) in the case of Moody’s, to Moody’s Investors Service, Inc., ABS/RMBS Monitoring Department, 25th Floor, 7 World Trade Center, 250 Greenwich Street, New York, New York 10007, Email: ServicerReports@moodys.com (all such notices to be delivered to Moody’s in writing by email);
(d) in the case of S&P, to Standard & Poor’s Ratings Group, Inc., Structured Credit Surveillance, 55 Water Street, New York, New York 10041, Telephone: (212) 438-8991, Email: servicer_reports@spglobal.com (all such notices to be delivered to S&P in writing by email);
(e) in the case of Fitch, to Fitch, Ratings, Inc., 300 West 57th Street, New York, New York 10019, Attention: ABS Surveillance, Telephone: (212) 908-0500; and
(f) in the case of the Louisiana Commission, to Galvez Building, 12th Floor, 602 North Fifth Street, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70802, Attention: Executive Secretary.
Each party hereto may, by notice given in accordance herewith to the other party or parties hereto, designate any further or different address to which subsequent notices, reports and other communications shall be sent.
The Indenture Trustee agrees to accept and act upon instructions or directions pursuant to this Indenture sent by the Issuer by unsecured e-mail, facsimile transmission or other similar unsecured electronic methods; provided, however, that (a) subsequent to such transmission of written instructions, the Issuer shall provide the originally executed instructions or directions to the Indenture Trustee in a timely manner, and (b) such originally executed instructions or directions shall be signed by an authorized representative of the Issuer providing such instructions or directions. If the Issuer elects to give the Indenture Trustee e-mail or facsimile instructions (or instructions by a similar electronic method) and the Indenture Trustee in its discretion elects to act upon such instructions, the Indenture Trustee’s understanding of such instructions shall be deemed controlling. The Indenture Trustee shall not be liable for any losses, costs or expenses arising directly or indirectly from the Indenture Trustee’s reliance upon and compliance with such instructions notwithstanding such instructions conflict or are inconsistent with a subsequent written instruction. The Issuer agrees to assume all risks arising out of the use of such electronic methods to submit instructions and directions to the Indenture Trustee, including without limitation the risk of the Indenture Trustee acting on unauthorized instructions, and the risk or interception and misuse by third parties.
SECTION 10.05. Notices to Holders; Waiver. Where this Indenture provides for notice to Holders of any event, such notice shall be sufficiently given (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if in writing and mailed, first-class, postage prepaid, or otherwise delivered in accordance with DTC’s procedures, to each Holder affected by such event, at such Holder’s address as it appears on the Storm Recovery Bond Register, not later than the latest date, and not earlier than the earliest date, prescribed for the giving of such notice. In any case where notice to Holders is given by mail, neither the failure to mail such notice nor any defect in any notice so mailed to any particular Holder shall affect the sufficiency of such notice with respect to other Holders, and any notice that is mailed in the manner herein provided shall conclusively be presumed to have been duly given.
Where this Indenture provides for notice in any manner, such notice may be waived in writing by any Person entitled to receive such notice, either before or after the event, and such waiver shall be the equivalent of such notice. Waivers of notice by Holders shall be filed with the Indenture Trustee, but such filing shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of any action taken in reliance upon such a waiver.
In case, by reason of the suspension of regular mail service as a result of a strike, work stoppage or similar activity, it shall be impractical to mail notice of any event of Holders when such notice is required to be given pursuant to any provision of this Indenture, then any manner of giving such notice as shall be satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee shall be deemed to be a sufficient giving of such notice.
Where this Indenture provides for notice to the Rating Agencies, failure to give such notice shall not affect any other rights or obligations created hereunder and shall not under any circumstance constitute a Default or Event of Default.
SECTION 10.06. Conflict with Trust Indenture Act. If any provision hereof limits, qualifies or conflicts with another provision hereof that is required to be included in this Indenture by any of the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act, such required provision shall control.
The provisions of Sections 310 through 317 of the Trust Indenture Act that impose duties on any Person (including the provisions automatically deemed included herein unless expressly excluded by this Indenture) are a part of and govern this Indenture, whether or not physically contained herein.
SECTION 10.07. Successors and Assigns. All covenants and agreements in this Indenture and the Storm Recovery Bonds by the Issuer shall bind its successors and assigns, whether so expressed or not. All agreements of the Indenture Trustee in this Indenture shall bind its successors.
SECTION 10.08. Severability. Any provision in this Indenture or in the Storm Recovery Bonds that is prohibited, invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition, invalidity, illegality or unenforceability without invalidating the remainder of such provision (if any) or the remaining provisions hereof (unless such construction shall be unreasonable), and any such prohibition, invalidity, illegality or unenforceability in any jurisdiction shall not invalidate or render unenforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction.
SECTION 10.09. Benefits of Indenture. Nothing in this Indenture or in the Storm Recovery Bonds, express or implied, shall give to any Person, other than the parties hereto and their successors hereunder, and the Holders, and any other party secured hereunder, and any other Person with an ownership interest in any part of the Trust Estate, any benefit or any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under this Indenture.
SECTION 10.10. Legal Holidays. In any case where the date on which any payment is due shall not be a Business Day, then (notwithstanding any other provision of the Storm Recovery Bonds or this Indenture) payment need not be made on such date, but may be made on the next succeeding Business Day with the same force and effect as if made on the date on which nominally due, and no interest shall accrue for the period from and after any such nominal date.
SECTION 10.11. GOVERNING LAW. This Indenture shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Louisiana, without reference to its conflict of law provisions, and the obligations, rights and remedies of the parties hereunder shall be determined in accordance with such laws.
SECTION 10.12. Counterparts. This Indenture may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which so executed shall be deemed to be an original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument. The Issuer and Indenture Trustee agree that this Indenture may be electronically signed, that any digital or electronic signatures (including pdf, facsimile or electronically imaged signatures provided by DocuSign or any other digital signature provider as specified in writing to the Indenture Trustee) appearing on this Indenture are the same as handwritten signatures for the purposes of validity, enforceability and admissibility, and that delivery of any such electronic signature to, or a signed copy of, this Indenture may be made by facsimile, email or other electronic transmission. The Issuer agrees to assume all risks arising out of the use of digital signatures and electronic methods of submitting such signatures to the Indenture Trustee, including without limitation the risk of the Indenture Trustee acting upon documents with unauthorized signatures and the risk of interception and misuse by third parties.
SECTION 10.13. Recording of Indenture. If this Indenture is subject to recording in any appropriate public recording offices, such recording is to be effected by the Issuer and at its expense accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel at the Issuer’s cost and expense, to the effect that such recording is necessary either for the protection of the Holders or any other Person secured hereunder or for the enforcement of any right or remedy granted to the Indenture Trustee under this Indenture. For the avoidance of doubt, the Indenture Trustee shall not be responsible or liable for recording this Indenture.
SECTION 10.14. No Recourse to Issuer. No recourse may be taken, directly or indirectly, with respect to the obligations of the Issuer or the Indenture Trustee on the Storm Recovery Bonds or under this Indenture or any certificate or other writing delivered in connection herewith or therewith, against (a) the Issuer, other than from the Trust Estate, (b) any owner of a membership interest in the Issuer (including Cleco Power) or (c) any shareholder, partner, owner, beneficiary, agent, officer or employee of the Indenture Trustee, the Managers or any owner of a membership interest in the Issuer (including Cleco Power) in its respective individual capacity, or of any successor or assign of any of them in their respective individual or corporate capacities, except as any such Person may have expressly agreed in writing. Notwithstanding any provision of this Indenture or the Series Supplement to the contrary, Holders shall look only to the Trust Estate with respect to any amounts due to the Holders hereunder and under the Storm Recovery Bonds and, in the event the Trust Estate is insufficient to pay in full the amounts owed on the Storm Recovery Bonds, shall have no recourse against the Issuer in respect of such insufficiency. Each Holder by accepting a Storm Recovery Bond specifically confirms the nonrecourse nature of these obligations and waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and release are part of the consideration for issuance of the Storm Recovery Bonds.
SECTION 10.15. Basic Documents. The Indenture Trustee is hereby authorized and directed to execute and deliver the Servicing Agreement and the Sale Agreement and to execute and deliver any other Basic Document that it is requested to acknowledge and accept.
SECTION 10.16. No Petition. The Indenture Trustee, by entering into this Indenture, and each Holder, by accepting a Storm Recovery Bond (or interest therein) issued hereunder, hereby covenant and agree that they shall not, prior to the date that is one year and one day after the termination of this Indenture, acquiesce, petition or otherwise invoke or cause the Issuer or any Manager to invoke the process of any court or government authority for the purpose of commencing or sustaining a case against the Issuer under any bankruptcy or insolvency law or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, custodian, sequestrator or other similar official of the Issuer or any substantial part of its property, or ordering the dissolution, winding up or liquidation of the affairs of the Issuer. Nothing in this Section 10.16 shall preclude, or be deemed to estop, such Holder or the Indenture Trustee (a) from taking or omitting to take any action prior to such date in (i) any case or Proceeding voluntarily filed or commenced by or on behalf of the Issuer under or pursuant to any such law or (ii) any involuntary case or Proceeding pertaining to the Issuer that is filed or commenced by or on behalf of a Person other than such Holder and is not joined in by such Holder (or any Person to which such Holder shall have assigned, transferred or otherwise conveyed any part of the obligations of the Issuer hereunder) under or pursuant to any such law or (b) from commencing or prosecuting any legal action that is not an involuntary case or Proceeding under or pursuant to any such law against the Issuer or any of its properties.
SECTION 10.17. Securities Intermediary. The Securities Intermediary, in acting under this Indenture, is entitled to all rights, benefits, privileges, protections, immunities and indemnities accorded to The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, National Association, in its capacity as Indenture Trustee under this Indenture.
SECTION 10.18. Rule 17g-5 Compliance.
(a) The Indenture Trustee agrees that any notice, report, request for satisfaction of the Rating Agency Condition, document or other information provided by the Indenture Trustee to any Rating Agency under this Indenture or any other Basic Document to which it is a party for the purpose of determining or confirming the credit rating of the Storm Recovery Bonds or undertaking credit rating surveillance of the Storm Recovery Bonds shall be provided, substantially concurrently, to the Servicer for posting on a password-protected website (the “17g-5 Website”). The Servicer shall be responsible for posting all of the information on the 17g-5 Website.
(b) The Indenture Trustee will not be responsible for creating or maintaining the 17g-5 Website, posting any information to the 17g-5 Website or assuring that the 17g-5 Website complies with the requirements of this Indenture, Rule 17g-5 under the Exchange Act or any other law or regulation. In no event shall the Indenture Trustee be deemed to make any representation in respect of the content of the 17g-5 Website or compliance by the 17g-5 Website with this Indenture, Rule 17g-5 under the Exchange Act or any other law or regulation. The Indenture Trustee shall have no obligation to engage in or respond to any oral communications with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby, any transaction documents relating hereto or in any way relating to the Storm Recovery Bonds or for the purposes of determining the initial credit rating of the Storm Recovery Bonds or undertaking credit rating surveillance of the Storm Recovery Bonds with any Rating Agency or any of its respective officers, directors or employees. The Indenture Trustee shall not be responsible or liable for the dissemination of any identification numbers or passwords for the 17g-5 Website, including by the Servicer, the Rating Agencies, a nationally recognized statistical rating organization (“NRSRO”), any of their respective agents or any other party. Additionally, the Indenture Trustee shall not be liable for the use of the information posted on the 17g-5 Website, whether by the Servicer, the Rating Agencies, an NRSRO or any other third party that may gain access to the 17g-5 Website or the information posted thereon.
SECTION 10.19. Submission to Non-Exclusive Jurisdiction; Waiver of Jury Trial. Each of the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee and each Holder (by its acceptance of the Storm Recovery Bonds) hereby irrevocably submits to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of (A) any Louisiana State court and any New York State court sitting in The Borough of Manhattan in The City of New York or (B) any U.S. federal court sitting in Louisiana and any U.S. federal court sitting in The Borough of Manhattan in The City of New York in respect of any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Indenture and the Storm Recovery Bonds and irrevocably accepts for itself and in respect of its respective property, generally and unconditionally, jurisdiction of the aforesaid courts. Each of the Issuer, the Indenture Trustee and each Holder (by its acceptance of the Storm Recovery Bonds) irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent that it may effectively do so under applicable law, trial by jury.
SECTION 10.20. Certain Tax Laws. In order to comply with applicable tax laws, rules and regulations (inclusive of directives, guidelines and interpretations promulgated by competent authorities) in effect from time to time to which a foreign financial institution, issuer, trustee, paying agent, holder or other institution is or has agreed to be subject related to the Basic Documents, the Issuer agrees (a) to provide to the Indenture Trustee sufficient information about Holders or other applicable parties and/or transactions (including any modification to the terms of such transactions) so as to enable the Indenture Trustee to determine whether it has tax-related obligations under such applicable tax laws, rules and regulations (inclusive of directives, guidelines and interpretations promulgated by competent authorities) and (b) that the Indenture Trustee shall be entitled to make any withholding or deduction from payments under the Basic Documents to the extent necessary to comply with such applicable tax laws, rules and regulations (inclusive of directives, guidelines and interpretations promulgated by competent authorities) for which the Indenture Trustee shall not have any liability.
{SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS}
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Issuer, the Indenture Trustee and the Securities Intermediary have caused this Indenture to be duly executed by their respective officers thereunto duly authorized, all as of the day and year first above written.
CLECO SECURITIZATION I LLC, | ||
as Issuer | ||
By: | /s/ William G. Fontenot |
|
Name: William G. Fontenot |
||
Title: President |
||
The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, National Association, | ||
as Indenture Trustee and as Securities Intermediary | ||
By: | /s/ Linda Wirfel |
|
Name: Linda Wirfel | ||
Title: Vice President |
Signature Page to Indenture
EXHIBIT A
FORM OF STORM RECOVERY BOND
See attached.
UNLESS AND UNTIL IT IS EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR SECURITIES IN DEFINITIVE REGISTERED FORM, THIS SECURITY MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT AS A WHOLE BY THE DEPOSITARY TO THE NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY OR BY A NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY TO THE DEPOSITARY OR ANOTHER NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY OR BY THE DEPOSITARY OR ANY SUCH NOMINEE TO A SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY OR A NOMINEE OF SUCH SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY. UNLESS THIS SECURITY IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY, A NEW YORK CORPORATION (“DTC”), TO THE ISSUER OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE OR PAYMENT, AND ANY SECURITY ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO. OR IN SUCH OTHER NAME AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC (AND ANY PAYMENT HEREON IS MADE TO CEDE & CO. OR TO SUCH OTHER ENTITY AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON OR ENTITY IS WRONGFUL INASMUCH AS THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST HEREIN.
No. {_____} | ${__________} |
Tranche Designation {__} | CUSIP No.: {__________} |
THE PRINCIPAL OF THIS SERIES 2022-A, TRANCHE {__} SENIOR SECURED STORM RECOVERY BOND, (THIS “STORM RECOVERY BOND”) WILL BE PAID IN INSTALLMENTS AS SET FORTH HEREIN. ACCORDINGLY, THE OUTSTANDING PRINCIPAL AMOUNT OF THIS STORM RECOVERY BOND AT ANY TIME MAY BE LESS THAN THE AMOUNT SHOWN ABOVE. THE HOLDER OF THIS STORM RECOVERY BOND HAS NO RECOURSE TO THE ISSUER HEREOF AND AGREES TO LOOK ONLY TO THE TRUST ESTATE, AS DESCRIBED IN THE INDENTURE, FOR PAYMENT OF ANY AMOUNTS DUE HEREUNDER. ALL OBLIGATIONS OF THE ISSUER OF THIS STORM RECOVERY BOND UNDER THE TERMS OF THE INDENTURE WILL BE RELEASED AND DISCHARGED UPON PAYMENT IN FULL HEREOF OR AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SECTION 3.10(b) OR ARTICLE IV OF THE INDENTURE. THE HOLDER OF THIS STORM RECOVERY BOND HEREBY COVENANTS AND AGREES THAT PRIOR TO THE DATE THAT IS ONE YEAR AND ONE DAY AFTER THE PAYMENT IN FULL OF THIS STORM RECOVERY BOND, IT WILL NOT INSTITUTE AGAINST, OR JOIN ANY OTHER PERSON IN INSTITUTING AGAINST, THE ISSUER ANY BANKRUPTCY, REORGANIZATION, ARRANGEMENT, INSOLVENCY OR LIQUIDATION PROCEEDINGS OR OTHER SIMILAR PROCEEDING UNDER THE LAWS OF THE UNITED STATES OR ANY STATE OF THE UNITED STATES. NOTHING IN THIS PARAGRAPH SHALL PRECLUDE, OR BE DEEMED TO ESTOP, SUCH HOLDER (A) FROM TAKING OR OMITTING TO TAKE ANY ACTION PRIOR TO SUCH DATE IN (I) ANY CASE OR PROCEEDING VOLUNTARILY FILED OR COMMENCED BY OR ON BEHALF OF THE ISSUER UNDER OR PURSUANT TO ANY SUCH LAW OR (II) ANY INVOLUNTARY CASE OR PROCEEDING PERTAINING TO THE ISSUER THAT IS FILED OR COMMENCED BY OR ON BEHALF OF A PERSON OTHER THAN SUCH HOLDER AND IS NOT JOINED IN BY SUCH HOLDER (OR ANY PERSON TO WHICH SUCH HOLDER SHALL HAVE ASSIGNED, TRANSFERRED OR OTHERWISE CONVEYED ANY PART OF THE OBLIGATIONS OF THE ISSUER HEREUNDER) UNDER OR PURSUANT TO ANY SUCH LAW OR (B) FROM COMMENCING OR PROSECUTING ANY LEGAL ACTION THAT IS NOT AN INVOLUNTARY CASE OR PROCEEDING UNDER OR PURSUANT TO ANY SUCH LAW AGAINST THE ISSUER OR ANY OF ITS PROPERTIES.
NEITHER THE FULL FAITH AND CREDIT NOR THE TAXING POWER OF THE STATE OF LOUISIANA IS PLEDGED TO THE PAYMENT OF THE PRINCIPAL OF, OR INTEREST ON, THIS TRANCHE {__} SERIES 2022-A SENIOR SECURED STORM RECOVERY BOND
CLECO SECURITIZATION I LLC
SERIES 2022-A SENIOR SECURED STORM RECOVERY BONDS, TRANCHE {__}
BOND INTEREST |
ORIGINAL
PRINCIPAL |
SCHEDULED |
FINAL
MATURITY |
|||
{____}% | ${__________} | {__________}, 20{__} | {__________}, 20{__} |
Cleco Securitization I LLC, a limited liability company created under the laws of the State of Louisiana (herein referred to as the “Issuer”), for value received, hereby promises to pay to {__________}, or registered assigns, the Original Principal Amount shown above in semi-annual installments on the Payment Dates and in the amounts specified below or, if less, the amounts determined pursuant to Section 8.02 of the Indenture, in each year, commencing on the date determined as provided below and ending on or before the Final Maturity Date shown above and to pay interest, at the Bond Interest Rate shown above, on each {__________} and {__________} or, if any such day is not a Business Day, the next Business Day, commencing on {__________}, 20{__} and continuing until the earlier of the payment in full of the principal hereof and the Final Maturity Date (each, a “Payment Date”), on the principal amount of this Storm Recovery Bond. Interest on this Storm Recovery Bond will accrue for each Payment Date from the most recent Payment Date on which interest has been paid to but excluding such Payment Date or, if no interest has yet been paid, from the date of issuance. Interest will be computed on the basis of {__________}. Such principal of and interest on this Storm Recovery Bond shall be paid in the manner specified below.
The principal of and interest on this Storm Recovery Bond are payable in such coin or currency of the United States of America as at the time of payment is legal tender for payment of public and private debts. All payments made by the Issuer with respect to this Storm Recovery Bond shall be applied first to interest due and payable on this Storm Recovery Bond as provided above and then to the unpaid principal of and premium, if any, on this Storm Recovery Bond, all in the manner set forth in the Indenture.
Unless the certificate of authentication hereon has been executed by the Indenture Trustee whose name appears below by manual, electronic or facsimile signature, this Storm Recovery Bond shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Indenture referred to below or be valid or obligatory for any purpose.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Issuer has caused this instrument to be signed, manually, electronically or in facsimile, by its Responsible Officer.
Date: {__________}, 20{__} | CLECO SECURITIZATION I LLC, | |
as Issuer | ||
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: |
INDENTURE TRUSTEE’S
CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION
Dated: {__________}, 20{__}
This is one of the Series 2022-A, Tranche {__} Senior Secured Storm Recovery Bonds, designated above and referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.
THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, | ||
as Indenture Trustee | ||
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: |
This Senior Secured Storm Recovery Bond, Series 2022-A, tranche {__} is one of a duly authorized issue of Series 2022-A Senior Secured Storm Recovery Bonds of the Issuer (herein called the “Series 2022-A Bonds”), which Series are issuable in one or more tranches. The Series 2022-A Bonds consist of {__} tranches, including the Tranche {__} Series 2022-A Senior Secured Storm Recovery Bonds, which include this Senior Secured Storm Recovery Bond (herein called the “Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bonds”), all issued and to be issued under that certain Indenture dated as of June 22, 2022 (as supplemented by the Series Supplement (as defined below), the “Indenture”), between the Issuer and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, National Association, in its capacity as indenture trustee (the “Indenture Trustee”, which term includes any successor indenture trustee under the Indenture) and in its separate capacity as a securities intermediary (the “Securities Intermediary”, which term includes any successor securities intermediary under the Indenture), to which Indenture and all indentures supplemental thereto reference is hereby made for a statement of the respective rights and obligations thereunder of the Issuer, the Indenture Trustee and the Holders of the Series 2022-A Bonds. For purposes herein, “Series Supplement” means that certain Series Supplement dated as of { }, 2022 between the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee. All terms used in this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond that are defined in the Indenture, as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in the Indenture.
All tranches of Series 2022-A Bonds are and will be equally and ratably secured by the Trust Estate pledged as security therefor as provided in the Indenture.
The principal of this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond shall be payable on each Payment Date only to the extent that amounts in the Collection Account for the Series 2022-A Bonds are available therefor, and only until the outstanding principal balance thereof on the preceding Payment Date (after giving effect to all payments of principal, if any, made on the preceding Payment Date) has been reduced to the principal balance specified in the Expected Amortization Schedule that is attached to the Series Supplement as Schedule A, unless payable earlier because an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing and the Indenture Trustee or the Holders representing a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Series 2022-A Bonds have declared the Series 2022-A Bonds to be immediately due and payable in accordance with Section 5.02 of the Indenture (unless such declaration shall have been rescinded and annulled in accordance with Section 5.02 of the Indenture). However, actual principal payments may be made in lesser than expected amounts and at later than expected times as determined pursuant to Section 8.02 of the Indenture. The entire unpaid principal amount of this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond shall be due and payable on the Final Maturity Date hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the entire unpaid principal amount of the Series 2022-A Bonds shall be due and payable, if not then previously paid, on the date on which an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing and the Indenture Trustee or the Holders of the Series 2022-A Bonds representing a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Series 2022-A Bonds have declared the Series 2022-A Bonds to be immediately due and payable in the manner provided in Section 5.02 of the Indenture (unless such declaration shall have been rescinded and annulled in accordance with Section 5.02 of the Indenture). All principal payments on the Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bonds shall be made pro rata to the Holders of the Tranche{__} Storm Recovery Bonds entitled thereto based on the respective principal amounts of the Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bonds held by them.
Payments of interest on this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond due and payable on each Payment Date, together with the installment of principal or premium, if any, shall be made by check mailed first-class, postage prepaid, to the Person whose name appears as the Registered Holder of this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond (or one or more Predecessor Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bonds) on the Storm Recovery Bond Register as of the close of business on the Record Date or in such other manner as may be provided in the Indenture or the Series Supplement, except that (a) upon application to the Indenture Trustee by any Holder owning a Global Storm Recovery Bond evidencing this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond not later than the applicable Record Date, payment will be made by wire transfer to an account maintained by such Holder, and (b) if this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond is held in Book-Entry Form, payments will be made by wire transfer in immediately available funds to the account designated by the Holder of the applicable Global Storm Recovery Bond evidencing this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond unless and until such Global Storm Recovery Bond is exchanged for Definitive Storm Recovery Bonds (in which event payments shall be made as provided above) and except for the final installment of principal and premium, if any, payable with respect to this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond on a Payment Date, which shall be payable as provided below. Such checks shall be mailed to the Person entitled thereto at the address of such Person as it appears on the Storm Recovery Bond Register as of the applicable Record Date without requiring that this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond be submitted for notation of payment. Any reduction in the principal amount of this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond (or any one or more Predecessor Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bonds) effected by any payments made on any Payment Date shall be binding upon all future Holders of this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond and of any Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond issued upon the registration of transfer hereof or in exchange hereof or in lieu hereof, whether or not noted hereon. If funds are expected to be available, as provided in the Indenture, for payment in full of the then-remaining unpaid principal amount of this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond on a Payment Date, then the Indenture Trustee, in the name of and on behalf of the Issuer, will notify the Person who was the Registered Holder hereof as of the Record Date preceding such Payment Date by notice sent no later than five (5) days prior to such final Payment Date and shall specify that such final installment will be payable only upon presentation and surrender of this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond and shall specify the place where this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond may be presented and surrendered for payment of such installment.
The Issuer shall pay interest on overdue installments of interest at the Bond Interest Rate to the extent lawful.
This Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond is a “storm recovery bond” as such term is defined in the Securitization Act. Principal and interest on this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond are payable from and secured primarily by the Storm Recovery Property authorized by the Financing Order.
The Securitization Act provides that the State of Louisiana pledges “to and agrees with bondholders, the owners of storm recovery property, and other financing parties that the state will not:
(1) Alter the provisions of this Part [the Securitization Act] which authorize the commission to create a contract right by the issuance of a financing order, to create storm recovery property, and to make the storm recovery charges imposed by a financing order irrevocable, binding, and nonbypassable charges;
(2) Take or permit any action that impairs or would impair the value of the storm recovery property; or
(3) Except as allowed under this Section [Section 1234 the Securitization Act] and except for adjustments under any true-up mechanism established by the commission, reduce, alter, or impair storm recovery charges that are to be imposed, collected, and remitted for the benefit of the bondholders and other financing parties until any and all principal, interest, premium, financing costs and other fees, expenses, or charges incurred, and any contracts to be performed, in connection with the related storm recovery bonds have been paid and performed in full. Nothing in this Paragraph shall preclude limitation or alteration if and when full compensation is made by law for the full protection of the storm recovery charges collected pursuant to a financing order and full protection of the holders of storm recovery bonds and any assignee or financing party.”
In addition, the Financing Order provides that the Louisiana Commission “covenants, pledges and agrees it thereafter shall not amend, modify, or terminate th[e] Financing Order by any subsequent action, or reduce, impair, postpone, terminate, or otherwise adjust the storm recovery charges approved in th[e] Financing Order, or in any way reduce or impair the value of the storm recovery property created by th[e] Financing Order, except as may be contemplated by a refinancing authorized in strict accordance with the Securitization Act by a subsequent order of the Commission or by the periodic true up adjustments authorized by th[e] Financing Order, until the indefeasible payment in full of the storm recovery bonds and the related financing costs.”
The Issuer acknowledges that the purchase of this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond by the Holder hereof or the purchase of any beneficial interest herein by any Person are made in reliance on the foregoing pledges by the State of Louisiana and the Louisiana Commission.
As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations set forth therein, the transfer of this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond may be registered on the Storm Recovery Bond Register upon surrender of this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond for registration of transfer at the office or agency designated by the Issuer pursuant to the Indenture, duly endorsed by, or accompanied by, (a) a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee duly executed by the Holder hereof or such Holder’s attorney duly authorized in writing, with such signature guaranteed by: (i) The Securities Transfer Agent Medallion Program (STAMP); (ii) The New York Stock Exchange Medallion Program (MSP); (iii) The Stock Exchange Medallion Program (SEMP); or (iv) such other signature guaranty program acceptable to the Indenture Trustee, and (b) such other documents as the Indenture Trustee may require, and thereupon one or more new Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bonds of Authorized Denominations and in the same aggregate principal amount will be issued to the designated transferee or transferees. No service charge will be charged for any registration of transfer or exchange of this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond, but the transferor may be required to pay a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any such registration of transfer or exchange, other than exchanges pursuant to Section 2.04 or Section 2.06 of the Indenture not involving any transfer.
Each Holder, by acceptance of a Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond, covenants and agrees that no recourse may be taken, directly or indirectly, with respect to the obligations of the Issuer or the Indenture Trustee on the Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bonds or under the Indenture or any certificate or other writing delivered in connection therewith, against (a) any owner of a membership interest in the Issuer (including Cleco Power) or (b) any shareholder, partner, owner, beneficiary, agent, officer or employee of the Indenture Trustee, the Managers or any owner of a membership interest in the Issuer (including Cleco Power) in its respective individual or corporate capacities, or of any successor or assign of any of them in their individual or corporate capacities, except as any such Person may have expressly agreed in writing. Each Holder by accepting a Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond specifically confirms the nonrecourse nature of these obligations and waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and release are part of the consideration for issuance of the Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bonds.
Prior to the due presentment for registration of transfer of this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond, the Issuer, the Indenture Trustee and any agent of the Issuer or the Indenture Trustee may treat the Person in whose name this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond is registered (as of the day of determination) as the owner hereof for the purpose of receiving payments of principal of and premium, if any, and interest on this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether or not this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond be overdue, and none of the Issuer, the Indenture Trustee or any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary.
The Indenture permits, with certain exceptions as therein provided, the amendment thereof and the modification of the rights and obligations of the Issuer and the rights of the Holders under the Indenture at any time by the Issuer with the consent of the Holders representing a majority of the Outstanding Amount of all Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds at the time outstanding of each tranche to be affected and upon the satisfaction of the Rating Agency Condition and the Louisiana Commission Condition. The Indenture also contains provisions permitting the Holders representing specified percentages of the Outstanding Amount of the Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds, on behalf of the Holders of all the Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds, with the satisfaction of the Louisiana Commission Condition, to waive compliance by the Issuer with certain provisions of the Indenture and certain past defaults under the Indenture and their consequences. Any such consent or waiver by the Holder of this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond (or any one of more Predecessor Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bonds) shall be conclusive and binding upon such Holder and upon all future Holders of this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond and of any Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond issued upon the registration of transfer hereof or in exchange hereof or in lieu hereof whether or not notation of such consent or waiver is made upon this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond. The Indenture also permits the Indenture Trustee to amend or waive certain terms and conditions set forth in the Indenture without the consent of Holders issued thereunder, but with the satisfaction of the Louisiana Commission Condition.
The Indenture contains provisions for defeasance at any time of (a) the entire indebtedness of the Issuer on a Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bond and (b) certain restrictive covenants and the related Events of Default, upon compliance by the Issuer with certain conditions set forth in the Indenture, which provisions apply to this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond.
The term “Issuer” as used in this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond includes any successor to the Issuer under the Indenture.
The Issuer is permitted by the Indenture, under certain circumstances, to merge or consolidate, subject to the rights of the Indenture Trustee and the Holders under the Indenture.
The Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bonds are issuable only in registered form in denominations as provided in the Indenture and the Series Supplement subject to certain limitations therein set forth.
This Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond, the Indenture and the Series Supplement shall be construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Louisiana, without reference to its conflict of law provisions, and the obligations, rights and remedies of the parties hereunder and thereunder shall be determined in accordance with such laws.
No reference herein to the Indenture and no provision of this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond or of the Indenture shall alter or impair the obligation, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of and interest on this Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond at the times, place and rate and in the coin or currency herein prescribed.
The Issuer and the Indenture Trustee, by entering into the Indenture, and the Holders and any Persons holding a beneficial interest in any Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond, by acquiring any Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond or interest therein, (a) express their intention that, solely for the purpose of U.S. federal taxes and, to the extent consistent with applicable state, local and other tax law, solely for the purpose of state, local and other taxes, the Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bonds qualify under applicable tax law as indebtedness of the sole owner of the Issuer secured by the Trust Estate and (b) solely for purposes of U.S. federal taxes and, to the extent consistent with applicable state, local and other tax law, solely for purposes of state, local and other taxes, so long as any of the Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bonds are outstanding, agree to treat the Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bonds as indebtedness of the sole owner of the Issuer secured by the Trust Estate unless otherwise required by appropriate taxing authorities.
ABBREVIATIONS
The following abbreviations, when used above on this Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bond, shall be construed as though they were written out in full according to applicable laws or regulations.
TEN COM |
as tenants in common
|
TEN ENT |
as tenants by the entireties
|
JT TEN |
as joint tenants with right of survivorship and not as tenants
in common
|
UNIF GIFT MIN ACT |
___________________ Custodian ______________________ (Custodian) (minor) |
Under Uniform Gifts to Minor Act (____________________) (State)
|
Additional abbreviations may also be used though not in the above list.
ASSIGNMENT
Social Security or taxpayer I.D. or other identifying number of assignee ____________
FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned hereby sells, assigns and transfers unto
(name and address of assignee)
the within Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond and all rights thereunder, and hereby irrevocably constitutes and appoints ____________, attorney, to transfer said Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond on the books kept for registration thereof, with full power of substitution in the premises.
Dated: ________________ |
________________________________________________________________ Signature Guaranteed:
|
________________________________________________________________ |
The signature to this assignment must correspond with the name of the registered owner as it appears on the within Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bond in every particular, without alteration, enlargement or any change whatsoever.
NOTE: Signature(s) must be guaranteed by an institution that is a member of: (i) The Securities Transfer Agent Medallion Program (STAMP); (ii) The New York Stock Exchange Medallion Program (MSP); (iii) the Stock Exchange Medallion Program (SEMP); or (iv) such other signature guaranty program acceptable to the Indenture Trustee.
EXHIBIT B
FORM OF SERIES SUPPLEMENT
See attached.
This SERIES SUPPLEMENT, dated as of { }, 2022 (this “Supplement”), is by and between CLECO SECURITIZATION I LLC, a limited liability company created under the laws of the State of Louisiana (the “Issuer”), and THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, in its capacity as indenture trustee (the “Indenture Trustee”) for the benefit of the Secured Parties under the Indenture dated as of June 22, 2022 (the “Indenture”), by and between the Issuer and THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, in its capacity as Indenture Trustee and in its separate capacity as a Securities Intermediary.
PRELIMINARY STATEMENT
Section 9.01 of the Indenture provides, among other things, that the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee may at any time enter into an indenture supplemental to the Indenture for the purposes of authorizing the issuance by the Issuer of a Series of the Storm Recovery Bonds and specifying the terms thereof. The Issuer has duly authorized the creation of a Series of the Storm Recovery Bonds with an initial aggregate principal amount of ${__________} to be known as Series 2022-A Senior Secured Storm Recovery Bonds (the “Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds”), and the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee are executing and delivering this Supplement in order to provide for the Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds.
All terms used in this Supplement that are defined in the Indenture, either directly or by reference therein, have the meanings assigned to them therein, except to the extent such terms are defined or modified in this Supplement or the context clearly requires otherwise. In the event that any term or provision contained herein shall conflict with or be inconsistent with any term or provision contained in the Indenture, the terms and provisions of this Supplement shall govern.
GRANTING CLAUSE
With respect to the Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds, the Issuer hereby Grants to the Indenture Trustee, as Indenture Trustee for the benefit of the Secured Parties of the Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds, all of the Issuer’s right, title and interest (whether now owned or hereafter acquired or arising) in and to (a) the Storm Recovery Property created under and pursuant to the Financing Order U-35807-B issued April 1, 2022 (Docket No. U-35807) and the Securitization Act, and transferred by the Seller to the Issuer on the date hereof pursuant to the Sale Agreement (including, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the right to impose, bill, charge, collect and receive the Storm Recovery Charges, the right to obtain periodic adjustments to the Storm Recovery Charges, and all revenues, collections, claims, rights to payments, payments, money and proceeds arising out of the rights and interests created under the Financing Order), (b) all Storm Recovery Charges related to the Storm Recovery Property, (c) the Sale Agreement and the Bill of Sale executed in connection therewith and all property and interests in property transferred under the Sale Agreement and the Bill of Sale with respect to the Storm Recovery Property and the Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds, (d) the Servicing Agreement, the Administration Agreement and any subservicing, agency, administration or collection agreements executed in connection therewith, to the extent related to the Storm Recovery Property and the Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds, (e) the Collection Account for the Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds, all Subaccounts thereof and all amounts of cash, instruments, investment property or other assets on deposit therein or credited thereto from time to time and all financial assets and securities entitlements carried therein or credited thereto, (f) all rights to compel the Servicer to file for and obtain periodic adjustments to the Storm Recovery Charges in accordance with the Securitization Act and the Financing Order, (g) all present and future claims, demands, causes and choses in action in respect of any or all of the foregoing, whether such claims, demands, causes and choses in action constitute Storm Recovery Property, accounts, general intangibles, instruments, contract rights, chattel paper or proceeds of such items or any other form of property, (h) all accounts, chattel paper, deposit accounts, documents, general intangibles, goods, instruments, investment property, letters of credit, letters-of-credit rights, money, commercial tort claims and supporting obligations related to the foregoing, and (i) all payments on or under, and all proceeds in respect of, any or all of the foregoing (the “Trust Estate”), it being understood that the following do not constitute the Trust Estate: (x) cash that has been released pursuant to the terms of the Indenture, including Section 8.02(e)(x) of the Indenture and, following retirement of all Outstanding Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds, pursuant to Section 8.02(e)(xii) of the Indenture, (y) amounts deposited with the Issuer on the Closing Date, for payment of costs of issuance with respect to the Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds (together with any interest earnings thereon) or (z) proceeds from the sale of the Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds required to pay the purchase price for the Storm Recovery Property and paid pursuant to the Sale Agreement and upfront Financing Costs, it being understood that such amounts described in clause (x) and clause (y) above shall not be subject to Section 3.17 of the Indenture. This Supplement covers the foregoing described portion of the Storm Recovery Property described in the Financing Order.1 For the avoidance of doubt, any “storm recovery property” (as defined in the Securitization Act) created with respect to an Additional Series shall not be part of the Trust Estate.
1 La. R.S. 45:1229(D).
The foregoing Grant is made in trust to secure the Secured Obligations equally and ratably without prejudice, priority or distinction, except as expressly provided in the Indenture, to secure compliance with the provisions of the Indenture with respect to the Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds, all as provided in the Indenture and to secure the performance by the Issuer of all of its obligations under the Indenture. The Indenture and this Supplement constitute a security agreement within the meaning of the Securitization Act and under the UCC to the extent that the provisions of the UCC are applicable hereto. The Issuer authorizes the Indenture Trustee (but the Indenture Trustee is not required) to file financing statements covering the Trust Estate, either as described above or by using more general terms as permitted by Section 9-504 of the Louisiana UCC; provided, however, that such authorization shall not be deemed an obligation.
The Indenture Trustee, as indenture trustee on behalf of the Holders, acknowledges such Grant and accepts the trusts under this Supplement and the Indenture in accordance with the provisions of this Supplement and the Indenture.
SECTION 1. Designation. The Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds shall be designated generally as the 2022-A Senior Secured Storm Recovery Bonds, and further denominated as tranches {__} through {__}.
SECTION 2. Initial Principal Amount; Bond Interest Rate; Scheduled Final Payment Date; Final Maturity Date; Required Capital Amount. The Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds of each tranche shall have the initial principal amount, bear interest at the rates per annum (the “Bond Interest Rate”) and shall have the Scheduled Final Payment Dates and the Final Maturity Dates set forth below:
Weighted Average Life |
Initial |
Bond |
Scheduled |
Final |
||||
{__} | ${__________} | {____}% | {_____}, 20{__} | {_____}, 20{__} | ||||
{__} | ${__________} | {____}% | {_____}, 20{__} | {_____}, 20{__} |
The Bond Interest Rate shall be computed by the Issuer on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months.
The Required Capital Amount for the Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds shall be equal to 0.50% of the initial principal amount thereof.
SECTION 3. Authentication Date; Payment Dates; Expected Amortization Schedule for Principal; Periodic Interest; Book-Entry Storm Recovery Bonds.
(a) Authentication Date. The Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds that are authenticated and delivered by the Indenture Trustee to or upon the order of the Issuer on {________} (the “Closing Date”) shall have as their date of authentication {________}.
(b) Payment Dates. The “Payment Dates” for the Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds are March 1 and September 1 of each year or, if any such date is not a Business Day, the next Business Day, commencing on March 1, 2023 and continuing until the earlier of repayment of the Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds in full and the Final Maturity Date.
(c) Expected Amortization Schedule for Principal. Unless an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, on each Payment Date, the Indenture Trustee shall distribute to the Holders of record as of the related Record Date amounts payable pursuant to Section 8.02(e) of the Indenture as principal, in the following order and priority: {(1) to the holders of the Series 2022-A, Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bonds, until the Outstanding Amount of the Series 2022-A, Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bonds thereof has been reduced to zero; and (2) to the holders of the Series 2022-A, Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bonds, until the Outstanding Amount of the Series 2022-A, Tranche {__} Storm Recovery Bonds thereof has been reduced to zero; provided, however, that in no event shall a principal payment pursuant to this Section 3(c) on any tranche on a Payment Date be greater than the amount necessary to reduce the Outstanding Amount of such tranche of Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds to the amount specified in the Expected Amortization Schedule that is attached as Schedule A hereto for such tranche and Payment Date}.
(d) Periodic Interest. “Periodic Interest” will be payable on each tranche of the Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds on each Payment Date in an amount equal to one-half of the product of (i) the applicable Bond Interest Rate and (ii) the Outstanding Amount of the related tranche of Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds as of the close of business on the preceding Payment Date after giving effect to all payments of principal made to the Holders of the related tranche of Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds on such preceding Payment Date; provided, however, that, with respect to the initial Payment Date, or if no payment has yet been made, interest on the outstanding principal balance will accrue from and including the Closing Date to, but excluding, the following Payment Date.
(e) Book-Entry Storm Recovery Bonds. The Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds shall be Book-Entry Storm Recovery Bonds, and the applicable provisions of Section 2.11 of the Indenture shall apply to the Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds.
SECTION 4. Authorized Denominations. The Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds shall be issuable in denominations of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof, except for one bond, which may be a smaller denomination (the “Authorized Denominations”).
SECTION 5. Delivery and Payment for the Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds; Form of the Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds. The Indenture Trustee shall deliver the Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds to the Issuer when authenticated in accordance with Section 2.03 of the Indenture. The Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds of each tranche shall be in the form of Exhibits {__} hereto.
SECTION 6. Ratification of Indenture. As supplemented by this Supplement, the Indenture is in all respects ratified and confirmed and the Indenture, as so supplemented by this Supplement, shall be read, taken and construed as one and the same instrument. This Supplement amends, modifies and supplements the Indenture only insofar as it relates to the Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds.
SECTION 7. Counterparts. This Supplement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which so executed shall be deemed to be an original, but all of such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument.
SECTION 8. Governing Law. This Supplement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Louisiana, without reference to its conflict of law provisions, and the obligations, rights and remedies of the parties hereunder shall be determined in accordance with such laws.
SECTION 9. Issuer Obligation. No recourse may be taken directly or indirectly by the Holders with respect to the obligations of the Issuer on the Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds, under the Indenture or this Supplement or any certificate or other writing delivered in connection herewith or therewith, against (a) any owner of a beneficial interest in the Issuer (including Cleco Power) or (b) any shareholder, partner, owner, beneficiary, officer, director, employee or agent of the Indenture Trustee, the Managers or any owner of a beneficial interest in the Issuer (including Cleco Power) in its individual capacity, or of any successor or assign of any of them in their respective individual or corporate capacities, except as any such Person may have expressly agreed. Each Holder by accepting a Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bond specifically confirms the nonrecourse nature of these obligations and waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and release are part of the consideration for issuance of the Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds.
SECTION 10. Indenture Trustee Disclaimer. The Indenture Trustee is not responsible for the validity or sufficiency of this Supplement or for the recitals contained herein.
SECTION 11. Submission to Non-Exclusive Jurisdiction; Waiver of Jury Trial. Each of the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee and each Holder (by its acceptance of the Storm Recovery Bonds) hereby irrevocably submits to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of (A) any Louisiana State court and any New York State court sitting in The Borough of Manhattan in The City of New York or (B) any U.S. federal court sitting in Louisiana and any U.S. federal court sitting in The Borough of Manhattan in The City of New York in respect of any suit, action or Proceeding arising out of or relating to this Supplement and the Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds and irrevocably accepts for itself and in respect of its respective property, generally and unconditionally, jurisdiction of the aforesaid courts. Each of the Issuer, the Indenture Trustee and each Holder (by its acceptance of the Storm Recovery Bonds) irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent that it may effectively do so under applicable law, trial by jury.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Issuer and the Indenture Trustee have caused this Supplement to be duly executed by their respective officers thereunto duly authorized as of the day and year first above written.
CLECO SECURITIZATION I LLC, | ||
as Issuer | ||
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: | ||
THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, | ||
not in its individual capacity but solely as Indenture Trustee | ||
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: |
SCHEDULE A
TO SERIES SUPPLEMENT
Expected SINKING FUND Schedule
EXPECTED AMORTIZATION SCHEDULE
Date |
Tranche {__} |
Tranche {__} |
||
Closing Date | ${__________} | ${__________} | ||
{__________}, 2022 | ${__________} | ${__________} | ||
{__________}, 2022 | ${__________} | ${__________} | ||
{__________}, 2022 | ${__________} | ${__________} |
EXHIBIT {__}
TO SERIES SUPPLEMENT
FORM OF TRANCHE {__} OF SERIES 2022-A SENIOR SECURED STORM RECOVERY BONDS
{__________}
EXHIBIT C
SERVICING CRITERIA TO BE ADDRESSED
BY INDENTURE TRUSTEE IN ASSESSMENT OF COMPLIANCE
Regulation AB Reference | Servicing Criteria | Applicable Indenture Trustee Responsibility |
General Servicing Considerations | ||
1122(d)(1)(i) | Policies and procedures are instituted to monitor any performance or other triggers and events of default in accordance with the transaction agreements. | |
1122(d)(1)(ii) | If any material servicing activities are outsourced to third parties, policies and procedures are instituted to monitor the third party’s performance and compliance with such servicing activities. | |
1122(d)(1)(iii) | Any requirements in the transaction agreements to maintain a back-up servicer for the pool assets are maintained. | |
1122(d)(1)(iv) | A fidelity bond and errors and omissions policy is in effect on the party participating in the servicing function throughout the reporting period in the amount of coverage required by and otherwise in accordance with the terms of the transaction agreements. | |
1122(d)(1)(v) | Aggregation of information, as applicable, is mathematically accurate and the information conveyed accurately reflects the information. | |
Cash Collection and Administration | ||
1122(d)(2)(i) | Payments on pool assets are deposited into the appropriate custodial bank accounts and related bank clearing accounts no more than two business days following receipt, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements. | X |
1122(d)(2)(ii) | Disbursements made via wire transfer on behalf of an obligor or to an investor are made only by authorized personnel. | X |
1122(d)(2)(iii) | Advances of funds or guarantees regarding collections, cash flows or distributions, and any interest or other fees charged for such advances, are made, reviewed and approved as specified in the transaction agreements. | |
1122(d)(2)(iv) | The related accounts for the transaction, such as cash reserve accounts or accounts established as a form of overcollateralization, are separately maintained (e.g., with respect to commingling of cash) as set forth in the transaction agreements. | X |
1122(d)(2)(v) | Each custodial account is maintained at a federally insured depository institution as set forth in the transaction agreements. For purposes of this criterion, “federally insured depository institution” with respect to a foreign financial institution means a foreign financial institution that meets the requirements of Rule 13k-1(b)(1) under the Exchange Act. | X |
1122(d)(2)(vi) | Unissued checks are safeguarded so as to prevent unauthorized access. | |
1122(d)(2)(vii) | Reconciliations are prepared on a monthly basis for all asset-backed securities related bank accounts, including custodial accounts and related bank clearing accounts. These reconciliations are: (A) mathematically accurate; (B) prepared within 30 calendar days after the bank statement cutoff date, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements; (C) reviewed and approved by someone other than the person who prepared the reconciliation; and (D) contain explanations for reconciling items. These reconciling items are resolved within 90 calendar days of their original identification, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements. | |
Investor Remittances and Reporting | ||
1122(d)(3)(i) | Reports to investors, including those to be filed with the SEC, are maintained in accordance with the transaction agreements and applicable SEC requirements. Specifically, such reports: (A) are prepared in accordance with timeframes and other terms set forth in the transaction agreements; (B) provide information calculated in accordance with the terms specified in the transaction agreements; (C) are filed with the SEC as required by its rules and regulations; and (D) agree with investors’ or the trustee’s records as to the total unpaid principal balance and number of pool assets serviced by the servicer. | |
1122(d)(3)(ii) | Amounts due to investors are allocated and remitted in accordance with timeframes, distribution priority and other terms set forth in the transaction agreements. | X |
1122(d)(3)(iii) | Disbursements made to an investor are posted within two business days to the servicer’s investor records, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements. | X |
Regulation AB Reference | Servicing Criteria | Applicable Indenture Trustee Responsibility |
1122(d)(3)(iv) | Amounts remitted to investors per the investor reports agree with cancelled checks, or other form of payment, or custodial bank statements. | X |
Pool Asset Administration | ||
1122(d)(4)(i) | Collateral or security on pool assets is maintained as required by the transaction agreements or related pool asset documents. | |
1122(d)(4)(ii) | Pool assets and related documents are safeguarded as required by the transaction agreements. | |
1122(d)(4)(iii) | Any additions, removals or substitutions to the asset pool are made, reviewed and approved in accordance with any conditions or requirements in the transaction agreements. | |
1122(d)(4)(iv) | Payments on pool assets, including any payoffs, made in accordance with the related pool asset documents are posted to the servicer’s obligor records maintained no more than two business days after receipt, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements, and allocated to principal, interest or other items (e.g., escrow) in accordance with the related pool asset documents. | |
1122(d)(4)(v) | The servicer’s records regarding the pool assets agree with the servicer’s records with respect to an obligor’s unpaid principal balance. | |
1122(d)(4)(vi) | Changes with respect to the terms or status of an obligor’s pool assets (e.g., loan modifications or re-agings) are made, reviewed and approved by authorized personnel in accordance with the transaction agreements and related pool asset documents. | |
1122(d)(4)(vii) | Loss mitigation or recovery actions (e.g., forbearance plans, modifications and deeds in lieu of foreclosure, foreclosures and repossessions, as applicable) are initiated, conducted and concluded in accordance with the timeframes or other requirements established by the transaction agreements. | |
1122(d)(4)(viii) | Records documenting collection efforts are maintained during the period a pool asset is delinquent in accordance with the transaction agreements. Such records are maintained on at least a monthly basis, or such other period specified in the transaction agreements, and describe the entity’s activities in monitoring delinquent pool assets, including, for example, phone calls, letters and payment rescheduling plans in cases where delinquency is deemed temporary (e.g., illness or unemployment). | |
1122(d)(4)(ix) | Adjustments to interest rates or rates of return for pool assets with variable rates are computed based on the related pool asset documents. | |
1122(d)(4)(x) | Regarding any funds held in trust for an obligor (such as escrow accounts): (A) such funds are analyzed, in accordance with the obligor’s pool asset documents, on at least an annual basis, or such other period specified in the transaction agreements; (B) interest on such funds is paid, or credited, to obligors in accordance with applicable pool asset documents and state laws; and (C) such funds are returned to the obligor within 30 calendar days of full repayment of the related pool assets, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements. | |
1122(d)(4)(xi) | Payments made on behalf of an obligor (such as tax or insurance payments) are made on or before the related penalty or expiration dates, as indicated on the appropriate bills or notices for such payments, provided that such support has been received by the servicer at least 30 calendar days prior to these dates, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements. | |
1122(d)(4)(xii) | Any late payment penalties in connection with any payment to be made on behalf of an obligor are paid from the servicer’s funds and not charged to the obligor, unless the late payment was due to the obligor’s error or omission. | |
1122(d)(4)(xiii) | Disbursements made on behalf of an obligor are posted within two business days to the obligor’s records maintained by the servicer, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements. | |
1122(d)(4)(xiv) | Delinquencies, charge-offs and uncollectible accounts are recognized and recorded in accordance with the transaction agreements. | |
1122(d)(4)(xv) | Any external enhancement or other support, identified in Item 1114(a)(1) through (3) or Item 1115 of Regulation AB, is maintained as set forth in the transaction agreements. |
APPENDIX A
DEFINITIONS
This is Appendix A to the Indenture.
A. Defined Terms. As used in the Indenture, the following terms have the following meanings:
“17g-5 Website” means the password-protected website on which the Servicer shall post any notice, report, request for satisfaction of the Rating Agency Condition, document or other information provided by the Indenture Trustee to any Rating Agency under the Indenture or any other Basic Document to which it is a party for the purpose of determining or confirming the credit rating of the Storm Recovery Bonds or undertaking credit rating surveillance.
“Act” means an instrument or instruments embodying and evidencing a request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by the Indenture to be given or taken by Holders.
“Additional Series” means the issuance by the Issuer of any series of Storm Recovery Bonds issued after the date hereof, upon the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 3.22 of the Indenture.
“Administration Agreement” means the Administration Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, by and between Cleco Power, as Administrator, and the Issuer.
“Administration Fee” is defined in Section 2(a) of the Administration Agreement.
“Administrator” means Cleco Power.
“Affiliate” means, with respect to any specified Person, any other Person controlling or controlled by or under common control with such specified Person. For the purposes of this definition, “control” when used with respect to any specified Person means the power to direct the management and policies of such specified Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise, and the terms “controlling” and “controlled” have meanings correlative to the foregoing.
“Applicable Law” means Sections 1471 through 1474 of the Internal Revenue Code and any regulations, or agreements thereunder or official interpretations thereof.
“Authorized Denominations” means denominations of $2,000 and integral multiples of $1,000 in excess thereof, which the Series 2022-A Storm Recovery Bonds shall be issuable in, except for one bond, which may be a smaller denomination.
“Bankruptcy Code” means Title 11 of the United States Code (11 U.S.C. §§ 101 et seq.).
“Basic Documents” means the Indenture, Series Supplement, the Issuer’s Articles of Organization and Initial Report, the LLC Agreement, the Administration Agreement, the Sale Agreement, the Bill of Sale, the Servicing Agreement, each Letter of Representations, the Underwriting Agreement and all other documents and certificates delivered in connection therewith.
“Bill of Sale” means a bill of sale substantially in the form of Exhibit A to the Sale Agreement delivered pursuant to Section 2.02(i) of the Sale Agreement.
“Bond Interest Rate” means the rates per annum at which the Storm Recovery Bonds will bear interest, as set forth in the Series Supplement.
“Book-Entry Form” means, with respect to any Storm Recovery Bond, that such Storm Recovery Bond is not certificated and the ownership and transfers thereof shall be made through book entries by a Clearing Agency as described in Section 2.11 of the Indenture and the Series Supplement pursuant to which such Storm Recovery Bond was issued.
“Book-Entry Storm Recovery Bonds” means any Storm Recovery Bonds issued in Book-Entry Form; provided, however, that, after the occurrence of a condition whereupon book-entry registration and transfer are no longer permitted and Definitive Storm Recovery Bonds are to be issued to the Holder of such Storm Recovery Bonds, such Storm Recovery Bonds shall no longer be “Book-Entry Storm Recovery Bonds”.
“Business Day” means any day other than a Saturday, a Sunday or a day on which banking institutions in New York, New York or New Orleans, Louisiana, are, or The Depository Trust Company is, required or authorized by law or executive order to remain closed.
“Capital Subaccount” means the capital subaccount established by the Indenture Trustee pursuant to Section 8.02(a) of the Indenture.
“Claim” means a “claim” as defined in Section 101(5) of the Bankruptcy Code.
“Clearing Agency” means an organization registered as a “clearing agency” pursuant to Section 17A of the Exchange Act.
“Clearing Agency Participant” means a broker, dealer, bank, other financial institution or other Person for whom from time to time a Clearing Agency effects book-entry transfers and pledges of securities deposited with the Clearing Agency.
“Cleco Power” means Cleco Power LLC.
“Closing Date” means the date on which the Storm Recovery Bonds are originally issued in accordance with Section 2.10 of the Indenture and the Series Supplement.
“Code” means Internal Revenue Code.
“Collection Account” means one or more segregated trust accounts opened by the Issuer in the Indenture Trustee’s name for the deposit of Storm Recovery Charges and all other amounts received with respect to the Trust Estate.
“Corporate Trust Office of the Indenture Trustee” means the office of the Indenture Trustee at which at any particular time its corporate trust business shall be administered, which, in the case of The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, National Association, shall be 2 North LaSalle Street, Suite 700, Chicago, Illinois 60602.
“Covenant Defeasance Option” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b) of the Indenture.
“Customers” means any existing or future Louisiana Commission-jurisdictional customer who remain attached to Cleco Power’s (or its successor’s or assignee’s) electric transmission or distribution lines, and who, via such lines, receive any type of service from Cleco Power (or its successors or assignees) under rate schedules or special contracts approved by the Louisiana Commission.
“Default” means any occurrence that is, or with notice or the lapse of time or both would become, an Event of Default.
“Definitive Storm Recovery Bonds” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.13 of the Indenture.
“Eligible Account” means a segregated non-interest-bearing trust account with an Eligible Institution.
“Eligible Institution” means:
(a) the corporate trust department of the Indenture Trustee, so long as any of the securities of the Indenture Trustee are rated (i) either a short-term credit rating from Moody’s and Fitch of at least “P-1” and “F-1”, respectively or a long-term unsecured debt rating from Moody’s and Fitch of at least “A2” and “A”, respectively, and (ii) have a credit rating from S&P of at least “A”; or
(b) the trust department of a depository institution organized under the laws of the United States of America or any state or domestic branch of a foreign bank whose deposits are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, and has either:
(i) with respect to specified investments having a maturity of greater than one month, a long-term unsecured debt rating of “AA-” or higher by S&P, “A2” or higher by Moody’s and “A” or higher by Fitch, or
(ii) a short-term issuer rating of “A-1” or higher by S&P, “P-1” or higher by Moody’s and “F1” or higher by Fitch;
provided, however, that if an Eligible Institution then being utilized for any purposes under the Indenture or the Series Supplement no longer meets the definition of Eligible Institution, then the Issuer shall replace such Eligible Institution within sixty (60) days of such Eligible Institution no longer meeting the definition of Eligible Institution.
“Eligible Investments” means instruments or investment property that evidence:
(a) direct obligations of, or obligations fully and unconditionally guaranteed as to timely payment by, the United States of America;
(b) demand or time deposits of, unsecured certificates of deposit of, money market deposit accounts of, bank deposit products of or bankers’ acceptances issued by, any depository institution (including, but not limited to, bank deposit products of the Indenture Trustee, acting in its commercial capacity) incorporated or organized under the laws of the United States of America or any State thereof and subject to supervision and examination by U.S. federal or state banking authorities, so long as the commercial paper or other short-term debt obligations of such depository institution are, at the time of deposit, rated at least A-1, P-1 and F-1 or their equivalents by each of S&P, Moody’s and Fitch, or such lower rating as will not result in the downgrading or withdrawal of the ratings of the Storm Recovery Bonds;
(c) commercial paper (including commercial paper of the Indenture Trustee, acting in its commercial capacity, and other commercial paper issued by Cleco Power or any of its affiliates) having, at the time of investment or contractual commitment to invest, a rating of least “A-1”, “P-1” and “F1” or their equivalents by each of S&P, Moody’s and Fitch or such lower rating as not result in the downgrading or withdrawal of the ratings of the Storm Recovery Bonds;
(d) investments in money market funds having a rating from Moody’s, S&P and if Fitch provides a rating thereon, Fitch, of “Aaa”, “AAA” and “AAA”, respectively, including funds for which the Indenture Trustee or any of its Affiliates act as investment manager or advisor;
(e) repurchase obligations with respect to any security that is a direct obligation of, or fully guaranteed by, the United States of America or its agencies or instrumentalities, entered into with Eligible Institutions;
(f) repurchase obligations with respect to any security or whole loan entered into with an Eligible Institution or with a registered broker-dealer acting as principal and that meets certain ratings criteria set forth below; provided, however, that if an Eligible Institution then being utilized for any purposes under the Indenture or the Series Supplement no longer meets the definition of Eligible Institution (including clauses (e) and (f) of this definition of Eligible Investments), then the Issuer shall replace such Eligible Institution within sixty (60) days of such Eligible Institution no longer meeting the definition of Eligible Institution:
(i) a broker/dealer (acting as principal) registered as a broker or dealer under Section 15 of the Exchange Act (any such broker/dealer being referred to in this definition as a “broker/dealer”), the unsecured short-term debt obligations of which are rated at least “P-1” by Moody’s, “A-1+” by S&P and, if Fitch provides a rating thereon, “F1” by Fitch at the time of entering into such repurchase obligation; or
(ii) an unrated broker/dealer, acting as principal, that is a wholly owned subsidiary of a non-bank or bank holding company the unsecured short-term debt obligations of which are rated at least “P-1” by Moody’s, “A-1+” by S&P and, if Fitch provides a rating thereon, “F1” by Fitch at the time of purchase so long as the obligations of such unrated broker/dealer are unconditionally guaranteed by such non-bank or bank holding company; and
(g) any other investment permitted by each of the Rating Agencies;
in each case maturing not later than the Business Day preceding the next Payment Date or Special Payment Date, if applicable (for the avoidance of doubt, investments in money market funds or similar instruments that are redeemable on demand shall be deemed to satisfy the foregoing requirement). Notwithstanding the foregoing: (1) no investments that mature in 30 days or more shall be “Eligible Investments” unless the issuer thereof has either a short-term unsecured debt rating of at least “P-1” from Moody’s or a long-term unsecured debt rating of at least “A1” from Moody’s and also has a long-term unsecured debt rating of at least “A” from S&P; (2) no investments described in clauses (b) through (d) above that have maturities of more than 30 days but less than or equal to 3 months shall be “Eligible Investments” unless the issuer thereof has a long-term unsecured debt rating of at least “A1” from Moody’s and a short-term unsecured debt rating of at least “P-1” from Moody’s; (3) no investments described in clauses (b) through (d) above that have maturities of more than 3 months shall be “Eligible Investments” unless the issuer thereof has a long-term unsecured debt rating of at least “A1” from Moody’s and a short-term unsecured debt rating of at least “P-1” from Moody’s; (4) no investments described in bullet points (b) through (d) above which have a maturity of 60 days or less will be Eligible Investments unless such investments have a rating from S&P of at least “A-1”; and (5) no investments described in bullet points (b) through (d) above which have a maturity of more than 60 days will be Eligible Investments unless such investments have a rating from S&P of at least “AA-”, “A-1+” or “AAAm”.
“Event of Default” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.01 of the Indenture.
“Excess Funds Subaccount” means the excess funds subaccount established by the Indenture Trustee pursuant to Section 8.02(a) of the Indenture.
“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
“Expected Sinking Fund Schedule” means the Schedule A to the Series Supplement.
“Final Maturity Date” means, with respect to each Series of tranche of Storm Recovery Bonds, the final maturity date therefor as specified in the applicable Series Supplement.
“Financing Order” means the Financing Order U-35807-B issued on April 1, 2022 (Docket No. U-35807) pursuant to the Securitization Act.
“Fitch” means Fitch Ratings, Inc. or any successor in interest. References to Fitch are effective so long as Fitch is a rating agency.
“General Subaccount” means the general subaccount established by the Indenture Trustee pursuant to Section 8.02(a) of the Indenture.
“Global Storm Recovery Bonds” means one or more bonds evidencing the Storm Recovery Bonds, which (a) shall be an aggregate original principal amount equal to the aggregate original principal amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds to be issued pursuant to the Issuer Order, (b) shall be registered in the name of the Clearing Agency therefor or its nominee, (c) shall be delivered by the Indenture Trustee pursuant to such Clearing Agency’s or such nominee’s instructions and (d) shall bear a legend substantially to the effect set forth in Exhibit A to the Form of Series Supplement.
“Grant” means mortgage, pledge, bargain, sell, warrant, alienate, remise, release, convey, grant, transfer, create, grant a lien upon, a security interest in and right of set-off against, deposit, set over and confirm pursuant to the Indenture and the Series Supplement. A Grant of the Trust Estate shall include all rights, powers and options (but none of the obligations) of the granting party thereunder, including the immediate and continuing right to claim for, collect, receive and give receipt for payments in respect of the Trust Estate and all other moneys payable thereunder, to give and receive notices and other communications, to make waivers or other agreements, to exercise all rights and options, to bring Proceedings in the name of the granting party or otherwise and generally to do and receive anything that the granting party is or may be entitled to do or receive thereunder or with respect thereto.
“Holders” means the holders of the Storm Recovery Bonds.
“indenture securities” means the Storm Recovery Bonds.
“indenture security holder” means a Holder.
“indenture to be qualified” means the Indenture.
“indenture trustee” or “institutional trustee” means the Indenture Trustee.
“Indenture Trustee” means The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, National Association, a national banking association, as indenture trustee for the benefit of the Holders, or any other indenture trustee for the benefit of the Holders, under the Indenture.
“Indenture Trustee Cap” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.02(e)(i) of the Indenture.
“Independent” means, when used with respect to any specified Person, that the Person:
(a) is in fact independent of the Issuer, any other obligor upon the Storm Recovery Bonds, the Servicer and any Affiliate of any of the foregoing Persons,
(b) does not have any direct financial interest or any material indirect financial interest in the Issuer, any such other obligor, the Servicer or any Affiliate of any of the foregoing Persons and
(c) is not connected with the Issuer, any such other obligor, the Servicer or any Affiliate of any of the foregoing Persons as an officer, employee, promoter, underwriter, trustee, partner, director or person performing similar functions.
“Independent Certificate” means a certificate to be delivered to the Indenture Trustee under the circumstances described in, and otherwise complying with, the applicable requirements of Section 10.01 of the Indenture, made by an Independent appraiser or other expert appointed by an Issuer Order and consented to by the Indenture Trustee, and such certificate shall state that the signer has read the definition of “Independent” in the Indenture and that the signer is Independent within the meaning thereof.
“Independent Manager Fee” is defined in Section 7.03(a) of the LLC Agreement and shall initially be $5,000 per annum.
“Independent Manager” is defined in Appendix A of the LLC Agreement.
“Investment Company Act” means the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
“Investment Earnings” means investment earnings on funds deposited in the Collection Account net of losses and investment expenses.
“Issuer” means Cleco Securitization I LLC, a Louisiana limited liability company, or any successor thereto pursuant to the Indenture.
“Issuer Order” means a written order signed in the name of the Issuer by any one of its Responsible Officers and delivered to the Indenture Trustee or the Paying Agent, as applicable.
“Issuer Request” means a written request signed in the name of the Issuer by any one of its Responsible Officers and delivered to the Indenture Trustee or the Paying Agent, as applicable.
“Legal Defeasance Option” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b) of the Indenture.
“Letter of Representations” means any applicable agreement between the Issuer and an organization registered as a “clearing agency” pursuant to Section 17A of the Exchange Act, pertaining to the Storm Recovery Bonds, as the same may be amended, supplemented, restated or otherwise modified from time to time.
“Lien” means a security interest, lien, charge, pledge, equity or encumbrance of any kind.
“LLC Agreement” means the Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of Cleco Securitization I LLC, dated as of June 20, 2022.
“Louisiana Commission” means the Louisiana Public Service Commission or any successor entity thereto.
“Louisiana Commission Condition” has the meaning set forth in Section 9.03 of the Indenture.
“Louisiana Commission Pledge” means the pledge of the Louisiana Commission found in Part VI(G) of the Financing Order.
“Louisiana Filing Officer” means the clerk of the court of any other parish in Louisiana.
“Louisiana UCC” means the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in the State of Louisiana.
“Manager” means each manager of the Issuer under the LLC Agreement.
“Member” has the meaning specified in the first paragraph of the LLC Agreement.
“Monthly Servicer’s Certificate” is defined in Section 3.01(b)(i) of the Servicing Agreement.
“Moody’s” means Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. or any successor in interest. References to Moody’s are effective so long as Moody’s is a rating agency.
“NRSRO” means a nationally recognized statistical rating organization.
“obligor” means, on the Storm Recovery Bonds, the Issuer and any other obligor on the Storm Recovery Bonds.
“Officer’s Certificate” means a certificate signed by a Responsible Officer of the Issuer under the circumstances described in, and otherwise complying with, the applicable requirements of Section 10.01 of the Indenture, and delivered to the Indenture Trustee.
“Ongoing Financing Costs” means the ongoing financing costs described as such in the Financing Order, including Operating Expenses, any necessary replenishment of the Capital Subaccount, any deficiency between the Capital Subaccount’s income from investment and the amount of return on investment earned by the Seller, and any other costs identified in the Basic Documents; provided, however, that Ongoing Financing Costs do not include the Issuer’s costs of issuance of the Storm Recovery Bonds.
“Operating Expenses” means, with respect to the Issuer, all fees, costs and expenses owed by the Issuer with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds, including all amounts owed by the Issuer to the Indenture Trustee (including any indemnity payments to the Indenture Trustee), the Servicing Fee, the Administration Fee, the costs and expenses incurred by the Seller in connection with the performance of the Seller’s obligations under Section 4.08 of the Sale Agreement, the costs and expenses incurred by the Servicer in connection with the performance of the Servicer’s obligations under Section 5.02(d) of the Servicing Agreement, the fees payable by the Issuer to the independent manager of the Issuer, administrative expenses, including external legal and external accounting fees, ratings maintenance fees, and all other costs and expenses recoverable by the Issuer under the terms of the Financing Order.
“Opinion of Counsel” means one or more written opinions of counsel who may be an employee of or counsel to the Servicer or the Issuer, which counsel shall be reasonably acceptable to the Indenture Trustee, the Louisiana Commission, the Issuer or the Rating Agencies, as applicable, and which shall be in form reasonably satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee, if applicable.
“Outstanding” with respect to Storm Recovery Bonds means, as of the date of determination, all Storm Recovery Bonds theretofore authenticated and delivered under the Indenture except:
(a) Storm Recovery Bonds theretofore canceled by the Storm Recovery Bond Registrar or delivered to the Storm Recovery Bond Registrar for cancellation;
(b) Storm Recovery Bonds or portions thereof the payment for which money in the necessary amount has been theretofore deposited with the Indenture Trustee or any Paying Agent in trust for the Holders of such Storm Recovery Bonds; provided, however, that if such Storm Recovery Bonds are to be redeemed, notice of such redemption has been duly given pursuant to the Indenture or provision therefor, satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee; and
(c) Storm Recovery Bonds in exchange for or in lieu of other Storm Recovery Bonds which have been authenticated and delivered pursuant to the Indenture unless proof satisfactory to the Indenture Trustee is presented that any such Storm Recovery Bonds are held by a bona fide purchaser;
provided that in determining whether the Holders of the requisite Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds have given any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder or under any Basic Document, Storm Recovery Bonds owned by the Issuer, any other obligor upon the Storm Recovery Bonds, Cleco Power or any Affiliate of any of the foregoing Persons shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding, except that, in determining whether the Indenture Trustee shall be fully protected in relying upon any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver, only Storm Recovery Bonds that a Responsible Officer of the Indenture Trustee knows to be so owned shall be so disregarded. Storm Recovery Bonds so owned that have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the Indenture Trustee the pledgee’s right so to act with respect to such Storm Recovery Bonds and that the pledgee is not the Issuer, any other obligor upon the Storm Recovery Bonds, the Servicer or any Affiliate of any of the foregoing Persons.
“Outstanding Amount” means the aggregate principal amount of all Outstanding Storm Recovery Bonds, or, if the context requires, all Outstanding Storm Recovery Bonds of a tranche, Outstanding at the date of determination.
“Outstanding Storm Recovery Bonds” means the Storm Recovery Bonds Outstanding at the date of determination.
“Paying Agent” means the entity so designated in Section 3.03 of the Indenture or any other Person that meets the eligibility standards for the Indenture Trustee specified in Section 6.11 of the Indenture and is authorized by the Issuer to make the payments of principal of or premium, if any, or interest on the Storm Recovery Bonds on behalf of the Issuer.
“Payment Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 3(b) of the Series Supplement.
“Periodic Interest” means the interest payable on each tranche of the Storm Recovery Bonds on each Payment Date in an amount equal to one-half of the product of (i) the applicable Bond Interest Rate and (ii) the Outstanding Amount of the related tranche of Storm Recovery Bonds as of the close of business on the preceding Payment Date after giving effect to all payments of principal made to the Holders of the related tranche of Storm Recovery Bonds on such preceding Payment Date; provided, however, that, with respect to the initial Payment Date, or if no payment has yet been made, interest on the outstanding principal balance will accrue from and including the Closing Date to, but excluding, the following Payment Date.
“Person” means any individual, corporation, estate, partnership, joint venture, association, joint stock company, trust (including any beneficiary thereof), business trust, limited liability company, unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof.
“Predecessor Storm Recovery Bonds” means, with respect to any particular Storm Recovery Bond, every previous Storm Recovery Bond evidencing all or a portion of the same debt as that evidenced by such particular Storm Recovery Bond, and, for the purpose of this definition, any Storm Recovery Bond authenticated and delivered under Section 2.06 of the Indenture in lieu of a mutilated, lost, destroyed or stolen Storm Recovery Bond shall be deemed to evidence the same debt as the mutilated, lost, destroyed or stolen Storm Recovery Bond.
“Proceeding” means any suit in equity, action at law or other judicial or administrative proceeding.
“Protected Purchaser” means has the meaning specified in Section 8-303 of the Louisiana UCC.
“Rating Agency” means any rating agency rating the Storm Recovery Bonds, at the time of issuance at the request of the Issuer, which initially shall be Moody’s, Fitch and S&P. If no such organization or successor is any longer in existence, “Rating Agency” shall be a nationally recognized statistical rating organization or other comparable Person designated by the Issuer, written notice of which designation shall be given to the Indenture Trustee, the Louisiana Commission and the Servicer.
“Rating Agency Condition” means, with respect to any action, at least ten (10) Business Days’ prior written notification to each Rating Agency of such action, and written confirmation from each of S&P and Moody’s to the Servicer, the Indenture Trustee and the Issuer that such action will not result in a suspension, reduction or withdrawal of the then current rating by such Rating Agency of any Tranche of the Storm Recovery Bonds and that prior to the taking of the proposed action no other Rating Agency shall have provided written notice to the Issuer that such action has resulted or would result in the suspension, reduction or withdrawal of the then current rating of any such Tranche of the Storm Recovery Bonds; provided, that, if within such ten (10) Business Day period, any Rating Agency (other than S&P) has neither replied to such notification nor responded in a manner that indicates that such Rating Agency is reviewing and considering the notification, then (i) the Issuer shall be required to confirm that such Rating Agency has received the Rating Agency Condition request, and if it has, promptly request the related Rating Agency Condition confirmation and (ii) if the Rating Agency neither replies to such notification nor responds in a manner that indicates it is reviewing and considering the notification within five (5) Business Days following such second (2nd) request, the applicable Rating Agency Condition requirement shall not be deemed to apply to such Rating Agency. For the purposes of this definition, any confirmation, request, acknowledgment or approval that is required to be in writing may be in the form of electronic mail or a press release (which may contain a general waiver of a Rating Agency’s right to review or consent).
“Record Date” means one Business Day prior to the applicable Payment Date.
“Registered Holder” means the Person in whose name a Storm Recovery Bond is registered on the Storm Recovery Bond Register.
“Required Capital Amount” means the amount specified as such in the Series Supplement therefor.
“Responsible Officer” means, with respect to the Indenture Trustee, any officer within the Corporate Trust Office of the Indenture Trustee, including any Vice President, Director, Managing Officer, associate, Assistant Vice President, Secretary, Assistant Secretary, or any other officer of the Indenture Trustee having direct responsibility for the administration of the Indenture and also, with respect to a particular matter, any other officer to whom such matter is referred because of such officer’s knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject, and with respect to the Issuer, any officer, including President, Vice President, Secretary, Assistant Secretary, Treasurer or Assistant Treasurer, of the Issuer, or any Manager.
“Return on Invested Capital” means, for any Payment Date with respect to any Remittance Period, the sum of (i) the rate of return, payable to Cleco Power, on its capital contribution in the Issuer which amount has been deposited by the Issuer into the Capital Subaccount, equal to the rate of interest payable on the longest maturing tranche of Storm Recovery Bonds on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve (12) 30-day months plus (ii) any Return on Invested Capital not paid on any prior Payment Date.
“S&P” means S&P Global Ratings, a division of S&P Global Inc. or any successor in interest. References to S&P are effective so long as S&P is a rating agency.
“Sale Agreement” means the Storm Recovery Property Sale Agreement dated as of the date hereof, relating to the Storm Recovery Property, between the Seller and the Issuer, as the same may be amended and supplemented from time to time.
“Sanctions” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.21(a) of the Indenture.
“Scheduled Final Payment Date” means, with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds, the date with respect to each tranche when all interest and principal is scheduled to be paid in accordance with the Expected Sinking Fund Schedule, as specified in the Series Supplement. For the avoidance of doubt, the Scheduled Final Payment Date shall be the last Scheduled Payment Date set forth in the Expected Sinking Fund Schedule. The “last Scheduled Final Payment Date” means the Scheduled Final Payment Date of the latest maturing tranche of Storm Recovery Bonds.
“Scheduled Payment Dates” means, with respect to each tranche of Storm Recovery Bonds, each Payment Date on which principal for such tranche is to be paid in accordance with the Expected Sinking Fund Schedule for such tranche.
“SEC” means the Securities and Exchange Commission.
“Securities Intermediary” means The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, National Association, a national banking association, solely in the capacity of a “securities intermediary” as defined in the NY UCC and Federal Book-Entry Regulations or any successor securities intermediary under the Indenture.
“Securitization Act” means the “Louisiana Electric Utility Storm Recovery Securitization Act,” as amended, codified at La. R.S. 45:1226-1240.
“Seller” means Cleco Power, or its successor, in its capacity as seller of the Storm Recovery Property to the Issuer pursuant to the Sale Agreement.
“Semi-Annual Servicer’s Certificate” is defined in Section 4.01(g)(i) of the Servicing Agreement.
“Series” means any series of Storm Recovery Bonds issued by the Issuer and authenticated by the Trustee pursuant to the Indenture, as specified in the Series Supplement therefor.
“Series Supplement” means an indenture supplemental to the Indenture in the form attached as Exhibit B to the Indenture that authorizes the issuance of Storm Recovery Bonds.
“Servicer” means Cleco Power.
“Servicer Default” is defined in Section 7.01 of the Servicing Agreement.
“Servicing Agreement” means the Storm Recovery Property Servicing Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, by and between the Issuer and Cleco Power, and acknowledged and accepted by the Indenture Trustee, relating to the Storm Recovery Property as the same may be amended and supplemented from time to time.
“Servicing Fee” means the fee payable by the Issuer to the Servicer on each Payment Date with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds, in an amount specified in Section 6.07 of the Servicing Agreement.
“Special Payment Date” means the date on which, with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds, any payment of principal of or interest (including any interest accruing upon default) on, or any other amount in respect of, the Storm Recovery Bonds of such Series that is not actually paid within five days of the Payment Date applicable thereto is to be made by the Indenture Trustee to the Holders.
“Special Record Date” means the date at least fifteen (15) Business Days prior to the Special Payment Date.
“Storm Recovery Bond Register” means the register provided by the Issuer pursuant to Section 2.05 of the Indenture.
“Storm Recovery Bond Registrar” means the Indenture Trustee for the purpose of registering the Storm Recovery Bond and transfers of Storm Recovery Bonds pursuant to Section 2.05 of the Indenture.
“Storm Recovery Bonds” means any of the Senior Secured Storm Recovery Bonds issued by the Issuer pursuant to the Indenture.
“Storm Recovery Charges” means the nonbypassable amounts to be charged for the use or availability of electric services, approved by the Louisiana Commission in the Financing Order to recover financing costs, that shall be collected by Cleco Power, its successors, assignees or other collection agents as provided for in the Financing Order.
“Storm Recovery Charge Collections” means Storm Recovery Charges actually received by the Servicer to be remitted to the Collection Account.
“Storm Recovery Property” means all of Seller’s rights and interest under the Financing Order (including, without limitation, rights to impose, collect and receive the “storm recovery charges” (as defined in the Securitization Act) approved in such Financing Order) issued by the Louisiana Commission on April 1, 2022 (Docket No. U-35807) pursuant to the Securitization Act, except the rights of Seller to earn and receive a rate of return on its invested capital in the Issuer, to receive administration and servicer fees, to withdraw funds from its restricted storm recovery reserve funded by the proceeds from the sale of the Storm Recovery Property, or to use the Seller’s remaining portion of those proceeds.
“Subaccount” means, individually, the General Subaccount, the Excess Funds Subaccount, and the Capital Subaccount.
“Subsequent Financing Order” means, a financing order of the Louisiana Commission under the Securitization Act issued to Cleco Power subsequent to the Financing Order.
“Successor Servicer” means (i) a successor to Cleco Power pursuant to Section 6.03 of the Servicing Agreement or (ii) a successor Servicer appointed by the Trustee pursuant to Section 7.04 of the Servicing Agreement which in each case will succeed to all the rights and duties of the Servicer under the Servicing Agreement.
“Temporary Storm Recovery Bonds” means Storm Recovery Bonds executed and, upon the receipt of an Issuer Order, authenticated and delivered by the Indenture Trustee pending the preparation of Definitive Storm Recovery Bonds pursuant to Section 2.04 of the Indenture.
“True-Up Adjustment” means an adjustment to the Storm Recovery Charges in accordance with Section 4.01(b), (c), (d) or (e) of the Servicing Agreement.
“Trust Estate” has the meaning set forth in the Series Supplement.
“Trust Indenture Act” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 as in force on the Closing Date, unless otherwise specifically provided.
“UCC” means the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in the relevant jurisdiction.
“Underwriting Agreement” means any underwriting agreement entered into by the Issuer, Cleco Power and the underwriters parties thereto in connection with the issuance of a separate Series of Storm Recovery Bonds in accordance with a Financing Order.
B. Other Terms. All accounting terms not specifically defined herein shall be construed in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles. To the extent that the definitions of accounting terms in the Indenture are inconsistent with the meanings of such terms under generally accepted accounting principles or regulatory accounting principles, the definitions contained in the Indenture shall control. As used in the Indenture, the term “including” means “including without limitation,” and other forms of the verb “to include” have correlative meanings. All references to any Person shall include such Person’s permitted successors.
C. Computation of Time Periods. Unless otherwise stated in the Indenture, in the computation of a period of time from a specified date to a later specified date, the word “from” means “from and including” and the words “to” and “until” each means “to but excluding”.
D. Reference; Captions. The words “hereof”, “herein” and “hereunder” and words of similar import when used in the Indenture shall refer to the Indenture as a whole and not to any particular provision of the Indenture; and references to “Section”, “subsection”, “Schedule” and “Exhibit” in the Indenture are references to Sections, subsections, Schedules and Exhibits in or to the Indenture unless otherwise specified in the Indenture. The various captions (including the tables of contents) in the Indenture are provided solely for convenience of reference and shall not affect the meaning or interpretation of the Indenture.
E. The definitions contained in this Appendix A are applicable to the singular as well as the plural forms of such terms and to the masculine as well as to the feminine and neuter forms of such terms.
Appendix A-13
1
|
La. R.S. 45:1229(D).
|
CLECO SECURITIZATION I LLC,
|
||||
as Issuer
|
||||
By:
|
/s/ William G. Fontenot
|
|||
Name:
|
William G. Fontenot
|
|||
Title:
|
President
|
THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST
COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,
|
||||
not in its individual capacity but solely as Indenture Trustee
|
||||
By:
|
/s/ Linda Wirfel
|
|||
Name:
|
Linda Wirfel
|
|||
Title:
|
Vice President
|
Tranche A-1
|
Tranche A-2
|
|||||||
March 1, 2023
|
$
|
3,203,819.00
|
$
|
0.00
|
||||
September 1, 2023
|
$
|
6,369,852.23
|
$
|
0.00
|
||||
March 1, 2024
|
$
|
7,843,811.64
|
$
|
0.00
|
||||
September 1, 2024
|
$
|
6,655,262.60
|
$
|
0.00
|
||||
March 1, 2025
|
$
|
8,134,953.05
|
$ | 0.00 |
||||
September 1, 2025
|
$
|
6,952,250.13
|
$
|
0.00
|
||||
March 1, 2026
|
$
|
8,437,904.09
|
$
|
0.00
|
||||
September 1, 2026
|
$
|
7,261,284.43
|
$
|
0.00
|
||||
March 1, 2027
|
$
|
8,753,143.79
|
$
|
0.00
|
||||
September 1, 2027
|
$
|
7,582,854.15
|
$
|
0.00
|
||||
March 1, 2028
|
$
|
9,081,170.63
|
$
|
0.00
|
||||
September 1, 2028
|
$
|
7,917,467.76
|
$
|
0.00
|
||||
March 1, 2029
|
$
|
9,422,503.29
|
$
|
0.00
|
||||
September 1, 2029
|
$
|
8,265,654.39
|
$
|
0.00
|
||||
March 1, 2030
|
$
|
9,777,681.49
|
$
|
0.00
|
||||
September 1, 2030
|
$
|
8,627,964.57
|
$
|
0.00
|
||||
March 1, 2031
|
$
|
712,422.76
|
$
|
9,434,844.11
|
||||
September 1, 2031
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
9,034,690.98
|
||||
March 1, 2032
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
10,590,619.62
|
||||
September 1, 2032
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
9,490,586.94
|
||||
March 1, 2033
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
11,057,106.04
|
||||
September 1, 2033
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
9,967,909.85
|
||||
March 1, 2034
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
11,545,517.17
|
||||
September 1, 2034
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
10,467,666.75
|
||||
March 1, 2035
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
12,056,883.43
|
||||
September 1, 2035
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
10,990,912.06
|
||||
March 1, 2036
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
12,592,283.72
|
||||
September 1, 2036
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
11,538,749.69
|
||||
March 1, 2037
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
13,152,847.63
|
||||
September 1, 2037
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
12,112,335.50
|
||||
March 1, 2038
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
13,739,757.83
|
||||
September 1, 2038
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
12,712,879.63
|
||||
March 1, 2039
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
14,354,252.60
|
||||
September 1, 2039
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
13,341,649.11
|
||||
March 1, 2040
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
14,997,628.39
|
||||
September 1, 2040
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
13,999,970.53
|
||||
March 1, 2041
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
15,671,242.61
|
||||
September 1, 2041
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
14,689,232.81
|
||||
March 1, 2042
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
16,376,516.46
|
||||
September 1, 2042
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
16,083,916.54
|
||||
Total Payments
|
$
|
125,000,000.00
|
$
|
300,000,000.00
|
Tranche A-1
|
Tranche A-2
|
|||||||
Closing Date
|
$
|
125,000,000.00
|
$
|
300,000,000.00
|
||||
March 1, 2023
|
$
|
121,796,181.00
|
$
|
300,000,000.00
|
||||
September 1, 2023
|
$
|
115,426,328.77
|
$
|
300,000,000.00
|
||||
March 1, 2024
|
$
|
107,582,517.13
|
$
|
300,000,000.00
|
||||
September 1, 2024
|
$
|
100,927,254.53
|
$
|
300,000,000.00
|
||||
March 1, 2025
|
$
|
92,792,301.48
|
$
|
300,000,000.00
|
||||
September 1, 2025
|
$
|
85,840,051.35
|
$
|
300,000,000.00
|
||||
March 1, 2026
|
$
|
77,402,147.26
|
$
|
300,000,000.00
|
||||
September 1, 2026
|
$
|
70,140,862.83
|
$
|
300,000,000.00
|
||||
March 1, 2027
|
$
|
61,387,719.04
|
$
|
300,000,000.00
|
||||
September 1, 2027
|
$
|
53,804,864.89
|
$
|
300,000,000.00
|
||||
March 1, 2028
|
$
|
44,723,694.26
|
$
|
300,000,000.00
|
||||
September 1, 2028
|
$
|
36,806,226.50
|
$
|
300,000,000.00
|
||||
March 1, 2029
|
$
|
27,383,723.21
|
$
|
300,000,000.00
|
||||
September 1, 2029
|
$
|
19,118,068.82
|
$
|
300,000,000.00
|
||||
March 1, 2030
|
$
|
9,340,387.33
|
$
|
300,000,000.00
|
||||
September 1, 2030
|
$
|
712,422.76
|
$
|
300,000,000.00
|
||||
March 1, 2031
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
290,565,155.89
|
||||
September 1, 2031
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
281,530,464.91
|
||||
March 1, 2032
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
270,939,845.29
|
||||
September 1, 2032
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
261,449,258.35
|
||||
March 1, 2033
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
250,392,152.31
|
||||
September 1, 2033
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
240,424,242.46
|
||||
March 1, 2034
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
228,878,725.29
|
||||
September 1, 2034
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
218,411,058.54
|
||||
March 1, 2035
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
206,354,175.11
|
||||
September 1, 2035
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
195,363,263.05
|
||||
March 1, 2036
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
182,770,979.33
|
||||
September 1, 2036
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
171,232,229.64
|
||||
March 1, 2037
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
158,079,382.01
|
||||
September 1, 2037
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
145,967,046.51
|
||||
March 1, 2038
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
132,227,288.68
|
||||
September 1, 2038
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
119,514,409.05
|
||||
March 1, 2039
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
105,160,156.45
|
||||
September 1, 2039
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
91,818,507.34
|
||||
March 1, 2040
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
76,820,878.95
|
||||
September 1, 2040
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
62,820,908.42
|
||||
March 1, 2041
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
47,149,665.81
|
||||
September 1, 2041
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
32,460,433.00
|
||||
March 1, 2042
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
16,083,916.54
|
||||
September 1, 2042
|
$
|
0.00
|
$
|
0.00
|
No. { }
|
${ }
|
Tranche Designation A-1
|
CUSIP No.: 185512 AA8
|
BOND
INTEREST
RATE
|
ORIGINAL
PRINCIPAL
AMOUNT
|
SCHEDULED
FINAL
PAYMENT
DATE
|
FINAL
MATURITY
DATE
|
|||||
4.016
|
%
|
$
|
125,000,000
|
March 1, 2031
|
March 1, 2033
|
Date:
|
{__________}, 20{__}
|
CLECO SECURITIZATION I LLC,
|
||
as Issuer
|
||||
By:
|
||||
Name:
|
||||
Title:
|
THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST
COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,
|
|||
as Indenture Trustee
|
|||
By:
|
|||
Name:
|
|||
Title:
|
TEN COM
|
as tenants in common
|
|||
TEN ENT
|
as tenants by the entireties
|
|||
JT TEN
|
as joint tenants with right of survivorship and not as tenants
in common
|
|||
UNIF GIFT MIN ACT
|
Custodian | |||
(Custodian)
|
(minor) | |||
Under Uniform Gifts to Minor Act (_________________)
|
||||
(State)
|
|
|
(name and address of assignee)
|
Dated:
|
|||
Signature Guaranteed:
|
|||
No. {_____}
|
${__________}
|
Tranche Designation A-2
|
CUSIP No.: 185512 AB6
|
BOND
INTEREST
RATE
|
ORIGINAL
PRINCIPAL
AMOUNT
|
SCHEDULED
FINAL
PAYMENT
DATE
|
FINAL
MATURITY
DATE
|
|||||
4.646
|
%
|
$
|
300,000,000
|
September 1, 2042
|
September 1, 2044
|
Date:
|
{__________}, 20{__}
|
CLECO SECURITIZATION I LLC,
|
||
as Issuer |
||||
By:
|
||||
Name:
|
||||
Title:
|
THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST
COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,
|
|||
as Indenture Trustee |
|||
By:
|
|||
Name:
|
|||
Title:
|
TEN COM
|
as tenants in common
|
|||
TEN ENT
|
as tenants by the entireties
|
|||
JT TEN
|
as joint tenants with right of survivorship and not as tenants
in common
|
|||
UNIF GIFT MIN ACT
|
Custodian | |||
(Custodian)
|
(minor) | |||
Under Uniform Gifts to Minor Act (_________________)
|
||||
(State)
|
|
|
(name and address of assignee)
|
Dated:
|
|||
Signature Guaranteed:
|
|||
Cleco Securitization I LLC |
12922-538
|
|
Yours very truly,
|
|
|
|
/s/ Phelps Dunbar, L.L.P.
|
Cleco Securitization I LLC |
12922-538
|
a.
|
the Issuer will not be subject to income tax as an entity separate from Cleco Power (its single member);
|
b.
|
the Storm Recovery Bonds will constitute the indebtedness of Cleco Power; and
|
c.
|
the issuance of the Storm Recovery Bonds will be a “qualifying securitization” within the meaning of Revenue Procedure 2005-62, 2005-2 CB 507.
|
|
Very truly yours, |
|
|
|
/s/ Phelps Dunbar, L.L.P.
|
Exhibit 10.1
STORM RECOVERY PROPERTY SERVICING AGREEMENT
by and between
CLECO SECURITIZATION I LLC
Issuer
and
CLECO POWER LLC
Servicer
Acknowledged and Accepted by
THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL
ASSOCIATION, as Indenture Trustee
Dated as of June 22, 2022
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS | 1 |
Section 1.01 DEFINITIONS | 1 |
Section 1.02 OTHER DEFINITIONAL PROVISIONS | 2 |
ARTICLE II APPOINTMENT AND AUTHORIZATION OF SERVICER | 2 |
Section 2.01 APPOINTMENT OF THE SERVICER; ACCEPTANCE OF APPOINTMENT | 2 |
Section 2.02 AUTHORIZATION | 2 |
Section 2.03 DOMINION AND CONTROL OVER STORM RECOVERY PROPERTY | 2 |
ARTICLE III BILLING AND OTHER SERVICES | 3 |
Section 3.01 DUTIES OF THE SERVICER | 3 |
Section 3.02 SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE STANDARDS | 6 |
Section 3.03 ANNUAL REPORTS ON COMPLIANCE WITH REGULATION AB | 7 |
Section 3.04 ANNUAL REGISTERED INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM REPORT | 8 |
Section 3.05 THIRD-PARTY SUPPLIERS | 9 |
ARTICLE IV SERVICES RELATED TO STORM RECOVERY CHARGE ADJUSTMENTS AND ALLOCATION ADJUSTMENTS | 9 |
Section 4.01 STORM RECOVERY CHARGE ADJUSTMENTS | 9 |
Section 4.02 LIMITATION OF LIABILITY | 12 |
ARTICLE V THE STORM RECOVERY PROPERTY | 13 |
Section 5.01 CUSTODY OF STORM RECOVERY PROPERTY RECORDS | 13 |
Section 5.02 DUTIES OF SERVICER AS CUSTODIAN | 13 |
Section 5.03 CUSTODIAN’S INDEMNIFICATION | 15 |
Section 5.04 EFFECTIVE PERIOD AND TERMINATION | 15 |
ARTICLE VI THE SERVICER | 15 |
Section 6.01 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE SERVICER | 15 |
Section 6.02 INDEMNITIES OF THE SERVICER; RELEASE OF CLAIMS | 17 |
Section 6.03 MERGER OR CONSOLIDATION OF, OR ASSUMPTION OF THE OBLIGATIONS OF, THE SERVICER | 21 |
Section 6.04 ASSIGNMENT OF THE SERVICER’S OBLIGATIONS | 23 |
Section 6.05 LIMITATION ON LIABILITY OF THE SERVICER AND OTHERS | 23 |
Section 6.06 CLECO POWER NOT TO RESIGN AS SERVICER | 23 |
Section 6.07 SERVICING FEE | 24 |
Section 6.08 COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE LAW | 24 |
Section 6.09 SERVICER EXPENSES | 25 |
Section 6.10 APPOINTMENTS | 25 |
Section 6.11 NO SERVICER ADVANCES | 25 |
Section 6.12 REMITTANCES | 25 |
Section 6.13 PROTECTION OF TITLE | 26 |
Section 6.14 MAINTENANCE OF OPERATIONS | 26 |
ARTICLE VII SERVICER DEFAULT | 26 |
Section 7.01 SERVICER DEFAULT | 26 |
Section 7.02 NOTICE OF SERVICER DEFAULT | 28 |
Section 7.03 WAIVER OF PAST DEFAULTS | 28 |
Section 7.04 APPOINTMENT OF SUCCESSOR | 29 |
Section 7.05 COOPERATION WITH SUCCESSOR | 29 |
ARTICLE VIII MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS | 30 |
Section 8.01 AMENDMENT | 30 |
Section 8.02 NOTICES | 30 |
Section 8.03 ASSIGNMENT | 31 |
Section 8.04 LIMITATIONS ON RIGHTS OF OTHERS | 31 |
Section 8.05 SEVERABILITY | 31 |
Section 8.06 SEPARATE COUNTERPARTS | 31 |
Section 8.07 HEADINGS | 31 |
Section 8.08 GOVERNING LAW | 32 |
Section 8.09 PLEDGE TO THE TRUSTEE | 32 |
Section 8.10 NONPETITION COVENANTS | 32 |
Section 8.11 TERMINATION | 32 |
Section 8.12 LPSC CONSENT | 32 |
Section 8.13 LIMITATION OF LIABILITY | 33 |
Section 8.14 RULE 17g-5 COMPLIANCE | 33 |
Section 8.15 TRUSTEE ACTIONS | 33 |
SCHEDULE A TO SERVICING AGREEMENT
EXHIBIT A – MONTHLY SERVICER’S CERTIFICATE
EXHIBIT B – SEMI-ANNUAL SERVICER’S CERTIFICATE
EXHIBIT C-1 SERVICER’S ANNUAL COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATE
EXHIBIT C-2 CERTIFICATE OF COMPLIANCE
ANNEX 1 TO SERVICING AGREEMENT
APPENDIX A – MASTER DEFINITIONS
STORM RECOVERY PROPERTY SERVICING AGREEMENT dated as of June 22, 2022 (this “Agreement”) by and between CLECO SECURITIZATION I LLC, a Louisiana limited liability company (the “Issuer”), and CLECO POWER LLC, a Louisiana limited liability company (“Cleco Power”), as the servicer of the Storm Recovery Property hereunder (together with each successor to Cleco Power in such capacity pursuant to Section 6.03 or 7.04, the “Servicer”), and acknowledged and accepted by THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, a national banking association, as Indenture Trustee.
WHEREAS, pursuant to the Securitization Act and the Financing Order, Cleco Power, in its capacity as seller (the “Seller”), and the Issuer are concurrently entering into the Sale Agreement dated as of the date hereof pursuant to which the Seller is selling and the Issuer is purchasing the Storm Recovery Property created pursuant to the Securitization Act and the Financing Order described therein;
WHEREAS the Servicer is willing to service the Storm Recovery Property purchased from the Seller by the Issuer;
WHEREAS the Issuer, in connection with the ownership of the Storm Recovery Property and in order to collect the Storm Recovery Charges, desires to engage the Servicer to carry out the functions described herein and the Servicer desires to be so engaged;
WHEREAS, the Storm Recovery Charges will be itemized on Customers’ Bills and the SRC Collections initially will be commingled with other funds collected from Customers;
WHEREAS, the Financing Order calls for the Servicer to execute a servicing agreement with the Issuer pursuant to which the Servicer will be required, among other things, to impose and collect applicable Storm Recovery Charges for the benefit and account of the Issuer, to make periodic Storm Recovery Charge Adjustments required or allowed by the Financing Order, and to account for and remit the applicable Storm Recovery Charges to the Trustee on behalf and for the account of the Issuer in accordance with the remittance procedures contained hereunder without any deduction or surcharge of any kind; and
WHEREAS, the Financing Order provides that the LPSC will enforce the obligations imposed by the Financing Order, the LPSC’s applicable substantive rules, and applicable statutory provisions.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the mutual covenants herein contained and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereto agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS
Section 1.01 DEFINITIONS. Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined in this Agreement have the respective meanings set forth in Appendix A hereto.
Section 1.02 OTHER DEFINITIONAL PROVISIONS.
(a) The words “hereof,” “herein,” “hereunder” and words of similar import when used in this Agreement shall refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular provision of this Agreement; Section, Appendix, Annex, Exhibit and Schedule references contained in this Agreement are references to Sections, Appendices, Annexes, Exhibits and Schedules in or to this Agreement unless otherwise specified; and the term “including” shall mean “including without limitation.”
(b) The definitions contained in this Agreement are applicable to the singular as well as the plural forms of such terms.
(c) All terms defined in this Agreement have the same defined meanings when used in any certificate or other document made or delivered pursuant to this Agreement unless otherwise defined therein.
ARTICLE II
APPOINTMENT AND AUTHORIZATION OF SERVICER
Section 2.01 APPOINTMENT OF THE SERVICER; ACCEPTANCE OF APPOINTMENT. The Issuer hereby appoints the Servicer, and the Servicer hereby accepts such appointment, to perform the Servicer’s obligations pursuant to this Agreement on behalf of and for the benefit of the Issuer or any assignee thereof in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and applicable law. This appointment and the Servicer’s acceptance thereof may not be revoked except in accordance with the express terms of this Agreement.
Section 2.02 AUTHORIZATION. With respect to all or any portion of the Storm Recovery Property, the Servicer shall be, and hereby is, authorized and empowered by the Issuer to:
(a) execute and deliver, on behalf of itself or the Issuer, as the case may be, any and all instruments, documents or notices, and
(b) on behalf of itself or the Issuer, as the case may be, make any filing and participate in Proceedings related to the duties of the Servicer hereunder with any governmental authorities, including with the LPSC.
The Issuer shall furnish the Servicer with all executed documents as have been prepared by the Servicer for execution by the Issuer, and with such other documents as may be in the Issuer’s possession, as necessary or appropriate to enable the Servicer to carry out its servicing and administrative duties hereunder. Upon the written request of the Servicer, the Issuer shall furnish the Servicer with any powers of attorney or other documents necessary or appropriate to enable the Servicer to carry out its duties hereunder.
Section 2.03 DOMINION AND CONTROL OVER STORM RECOVERY PROPERTY. Notwithstanding any other provision contained herein, the Servicer and the Issuer agree that the Issuer shall have dominion and control over the Storm Recovery Property, and the Servicer, in accordance with the terms hereof, is acting solely as the servicing agent of and custodian for the Issuer with respect to the Storm Recovery Property and Storm Recovery Property Documentation. The Servicer hereby agrees that it shall not take any action that is not authorized by this Agreement, the Securitization Act or the Financing Order, that is not consistent with its customary procedures and practices, or that shall impair the rights of the Issuer with respect to the Storm Recovery Property, in each case unless such action is required by law or court or regulatory order.
ARTICLE III
BILLING AND OTHER SERVICES
Section 3.01 DUTIES OF THE SERVICER. The Servicer, as agent for the Issuer (to the extent provided herein), shall have the following duties:
(a) Duties of Servicer Generally. The Servicer shall manage, service, administer and make collections in respect of the Storm Recovery Property. The Servicer’s duties will include:
(i) calculating and billing the Storm Recovery Charges;
(ii) obtaining meter reads;
(iii) accounting for Storm Recovery Charges;
(iv) investigating and resolving delinquencies (and furnishing required reports with respect to such delinquencies to the Issuer);
(v) processing and depositing collections and making periodic remittances;
(vi) furnishing required periodic reports to the Issuer, the Trustee, the LPSC and the Rating Agencies;
(vii) monitoring Customer payments of Storm Recovery Charges;
(viii) notifying each Customer of any defaults in its payment obligations and other obligations (including its credit standards), and following such collection procedures as it follows with respect to comparable assets that it services for itself or others;
(ix) collecting payments of Storm Recovery Charges and payments with respect to Storm Recovery Property from all persons or entities responsible for paying Storm Recovery Charges and other payments with respect to Storm Recovery Property to the Servicer under the Financing Order, the Securitization Act, LPSC Regulations or applicable tariffs and remitting these collections to the Trustee;
(x) responding to inquiries by Customers, the LPSC or any other Governmental Authority with respect to the Storm Recovery Property and the Storm Recovery Charges;
(xi) making all required filings with the LPSC and taking such other action as may be necessary to perfect the Issuer’s ownership interests in and the Trustee’s first priority Lien on the Storm Recovery Property; making all filings and taking such other action as may be necessary to perfect and maintain the perfection and priority of and the other portions of the Trust Estate under the Indenture;
(xii) selling, as the agent for the Issuer, as its interest may appear, defaulted or written-off accounts in accordance with the Servicer’s usual and customary practices;
(xiii) taking action in connection with Storm Recovery Charge Adjustments and allocation of the charges among various classes of Customers as is set forth herein and pursuant to the Financing Order;
(xiv) any other duties specified for a servicer under the Financing Order or other applicable law.
Anything to the contrary notwithstanding, the duties of the Servicer set forth in this Agreement shall be qualified in their entirety by, and the Servicer shall at all times comply with, the Financing Order, the Securitization Act and any LPSC Regulations, and the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, including Regulation AB, as in effect at the time such duties are to be performed. Without limiting the generality of this Section 3.01(a), in furtherance of the foregoing, the Servicer hereby agrees that it shall also have, and shall comply with, the duties and responsibilities relating to data acquisition, usage and bill calculation, billing, customer service functions, collections, payment processing and remittance set forth in the Issuer Annex hereto, as it may be amended from time to time. For the avoidance of doubt, the term “usage” when used herein refers to both kilowatt hour consumption and kilowatt demand.
(b) Reporting Functions.
(i) Monthly Servicer’s Certificate. On or before the last Servicer Business Day of each month, the Servicer shall prepare and deliver to the Issuer, the Trustee, the LPSC and the Rating Agencies a written report substantially in the form of Exhibit A (a “Monthly Servicer’s Certificate”) setting forth certain information relating to Storm Recovery Charge payments in connection with the Storm Recovery Charges received by the Servicer during the Collection Period preceding such date; provided, however, that, for any month in which the Servicer is required to deliver a Semi-Annual Servicer’s Certificate pursuant to Section 4.01(g)(i), the Servicer shall prepare and deliver the Monthly Servicer’s Certificate no later than the date of delivery of such Semi-Annual Servicer’s Certificate.
(ii) Notification of Laws and Regulations. The Servicer shall immediately notify the Issuer, the LPSC, the Trustee and each Rating Agency in writing when it becomes aware of any Requirement of Law or LPSC Regulations, orders or directions hereafter promulgated that have a material adverse effect on the Servicer’s ability to perform its duties under this Agreement.
(iii) Other Information. Upon the reasonable request of the Issuer, the Trustee, the LPSC or any Rating Agency, the Servicer shall provide to the Issuer, the Trustee, the LPSC or such Rating Agency, as the case may be, any public financial information in respect of the Servicer, or any material information regarding the Storm Recovery Property to the extent it is reasonably available to the Servicer, that may be reasonably necessary and permitted by law for the Issuer, the Trustee, the LPSC or such Rating Agency to monitor the performance by the Servicer hereunder; provided however, that any such request by the Trustee shall not create any obligation for the Trustee to monitor the performance of the Servicer. In addition, so long as any of the Storm Recovery Bonds are Outstanding, the Servicer shall provide to the Issuer, to the LPSC and to the Trustee, within a reasonable time after written request therefor, any information available to the Servicer or reasonably obtainable by it that is necessary to calculate the Storm Recovery Charges applicable to each Customer Class.
(iv) Preparation of Reports. The Servicer shall prepare and deliver such additional reports as required under this Agreement, including a copy of each Semi-Annual Servicer’s Certificate described in Section 4.01(g)(i), the annual Servicer’s Compliance Certificate and Certificate of Compliance described in Section 3.03, and the Annual Accountant’s Report described in Section 3.04. In addition, the Servicer shall prepare, procure, deliver and/or file, or cause to be prepared, procured, delivered or filed, any reports, attestations, exhibits, certificates or other documents required to be delivered or filed with the SEC (and/or any other Governmental Authority) by the Issuer or the Sponsor under the federal securities or other applicable laws or in accordance with the Basic Documents, including, but without limiting the generality of foregoing, filing with the SEC, if applicable, a copy or copies of (A) the Monthly Servicer’s Certificates described in Section 3.01(b)(i) above (under Form 10-D or any other applicable form), (B) the Semi-Annual Servicer’s Certificates described in Section 4.01(g)(i) (under Form 10-D or any other applicable form), (C) the annual statements of compliance, attestation reports and other certificates described in Section 3.03, and (D) the Annual Accountant’s Report (and any attestation required under Regulation AB) described in Section 3.04. In addition, the appropriate officer or officers of the Servicer shall (in its separate capacity as Servicer) sign the Sponsor’s annual report on Form 10-K (and any other applicable SEC or other reports, attestations, certifications and other documents), to the extent that the Servicer’s signature is required by, and consistent with, the federal securities law and/or any other applicable law.
(c) Opinions of Counsel.
The Servicer shall deliver to the Issuer, to the LPSC and to the Trustee:
(i) promptly after the execution and delivery of this Agreement and of each amendment hereto, an Opinion of Counsel either:
(A) all actions or filings (including filings with the Louisiana UCC Filing Officer in accordance with the rules prescribed under the Securitization Act and the UCC) necessary to perfect the Lien and security interest created by the Indenture have been taken or made, and reciting the details of such actions and filings, or
(B) no such actions or filings are necessary to perfect such Lien and security interest.
(ii) on or before March 31 in each calendar year beginning with the first calendar year beginning more than three months after the Sale Date, an Opinion of Counsel, dated as of a date during such calendar year, either:
(A) all actions or filings (including filings and refilings with the Louisiana UCC Filing Officer in accordance with the rules prescribed under the Securitization Act and the UCC) necessary to maintain perfection of the Lien and security interest created by the Indenture have been taken or made, and reciting the details of such actions and filings, or
(B) no such actions or filings are necessary to maintain the perfection of such Lien and security interest.
Each Opinion of Counsel referred to in clause (i) or (ii) above shall specify any action necessary (as of the date of such opinion) to be taken in the following year to preserve and protect such Lien and security interests.
Section 3.02 SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE STANDARDS. The Servicer shall, on behalf of the Issuer:
(a) manage, service, administer and make collections in respect of the Storm Recovery Property with reasonable care and in material compliance with applicable law and regulations, including all applicable LPSC Regulations and guidelines, using the same degree of care and diligence that the Servicer exercises with respect to similar assets for its own account;
(b) follow standards, policies and practices in performing its duties as Servicer that are customary in the electric transmission and distribution industry or that the LPSC has mandated and that are consistent with the terms and provisions of the Financing Order, tariffs and existing law;
(c) use all reasonable efforts, consistent with the Servicer’s Policies and Practices, to enforce and maintain the Issuer’s and the Trustee’s rights in respect of the Storm Recovery Property;
(d) calculate Storm Recovery Charges and the allocation of Storm Recovery Charges among Customer Classes in compliance with the Securitization Act, the Financing Order, any LPSC order related to the Storm Recovery Charge allocation and any applicable tariffs;
(e) use all reasonable efforts consistent with the Servicer’s Policies and Practices to collect all amounts owed in respect of the Storm Recovery Property as they become due;
(f) make all filings required under the Securitization Act or the applicable UCC to maintain the perfected security interest of the Trustee in the Storm Recovery Property and the other portions of the Trust Estate under the Indenture and use all reasonable efforts to otherwise enforce and maintain the Trustee’s rights in respect of the Storm Recovery Property and the other portions of the Trust Estate under the Indenture;
(g) petition the LPSC for adjustments to the Storm Recovery Charges that the Servicer determines to be necessary in accordance with the Financing Order; and
(h) keep on file, in accordance with customary procedures, all documents pertaining to the Storm Recovery Property and maintain accurate and complete accounts, records and computer systems pertaining to the related Storm Recovery Property
except where the failure to comply with any of the foregoing would not materially and adversely affect the Issuer’s or the Trustee’s respective interests in the Storm Recovery Property. The Servicer shall follow such customary and usual practices and procedures as it shall deem necessary or advisable in its servicing of all or any portion of the Storm Recovery Property, which, in the Servicer’s judgment, may include the taking of legal action pursuant to Section 5.02(d) hereof or otherwise.
Section 3.03 ANNUAL REPORTS ON COMPLIANCE WITH REGULATION AB.
(a) The Servicer shall deliver to the Issuer, the Trustee and the Rating Agencies, on or before the earlier of (i) March 31 of each year, beginning March 31, 2023, to and including the March 31 succeeding the retirement of all Storm Recovery Bonds or (ii) with respect to each calendar year during which Cleco Power’s annual report on Form 10-K is required to be filed in accordance with the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, the date on which the annual report on Form 10-K is required to be filed in accordance with the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, certificates from a Servicer Responsible Officer (A) containing, and certifying as to, the statements of compliance required by Item 1123 (or any successor or similar items or rule) of Regulation AB, as then in effect (the “Annual Compliance Certificate”), and (B) containing, and certifying as to, the statements and assessment of compliance required by Item 1122(a) (or any successor or similar items or rule) of Regulation AB, as then in effect (the “Certificate of Compliance”). These certificates may be in the form of, or shall include the forms attached hereto as Exhibit C-1 and Exhibit C-2 hereto, with, in the case of Exhibit C-1, such changes as may be required to conform to applicable securities law.
(b) The Servicer shall use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain from each other party participating in the servicing function any additional certifications as to the statements and assessment required under Item 1122 or Item 1123 of Regulation AB to the extent required in connection with the filing of the annual report on Form 10-K referred to above; provided, however, that a failure to obtain such certifications shall not be a breach of the Servicer’s duties hereunder. The parties acknowledge that the Trustee’s certifications shall be limited to the Item 1122 certifications described in Exhibit A of the Indenture.
(c) The initial Servicer, in its capacity as Sponsor, shall post on its or its parent company’s website and file with or furnish to the SEC, in periodic reports and other reports as are required from time to time under Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act, the information described in Section 3.07(g) of the Indenture to the extent such information is reasonably available to the Sponsor.
Section 3.04 ANNUAL REGISTERED INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM REPORT.
(a) The Servicer shall cause a registered independent public accounting firm (which may also provide other services to the Servicer or the Seller) to prepare annually, and the Servicer shall deliver annually to the Issuer, the LPSC, the Trustee and each Rating Agency, on or before the earlier of (a) March 31 of each year, beginning March 31, 2023, to and including the March 31 succeeding the retirement of all Storm Recovery Bonds or (b) with respect to each calendar year during which the Sponsor’s annual report on Form 10-K is required to be filed in accordance with the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, the date on which the annual report on Form 10-K is required to be filed in accordance with the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, a report addressed to the Servicer (the “Annual Accountant’s Report”), which may be included as part of the Servicer’s assessment of compliance with the servicing criteria set forth in Item 1122(d) of Regulation AB during the immediately preceding calendar year ended December 31 (or, in the case of the first Annual Accountant’s Report, to be delivered on or before March 31, 2023, the period of time from the Sale Date through December 31, 2022), in accordance with paragraph (b) of Rule 13a-18 and 15d-18 of the Exchange Act and Item 1122 of Regulation AB, identifying the results of such procedures and including any exceptions noted. In the event such accounting firm requires the Trustee or the Issuer to agree or consent to the procedures performed by such firm, the Issuer shall direct the Trustee in writing to so agree; it being understood and agreed that the Trustee shall deliver such letter of agreement or consent in conclusive reliance upon the direction of the Issuer, and the Trustee shall not make any independent inquiry or investigation as to, and shall have no obligation or liability in respect of, the sufficiency, validity or correctness of such procedures.
(b) The Annual Accountant’s Report shall also indicate that the accounting firm providing such report is independent of the Servicer in accordance with the Rules of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, and shall include the attestation report required under Item 1122(b) of Regulation AB (or any successor or similar items or rule), as then in effect. The costs of the Annual Accountant’s Report shall be reimbursable as an Operating Expense under the Indenture and also indicate that the accounting firm providing such report is independent of the Servicer within the meaning of the Code of Professional Ethics of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants.
Section 3.05 THIRD-PARTY SUPPLIERS. So long as any of the Storm Recovery Bonds are Outstanding, the Servicer shall take reasonable efforts to assure that no Third-Party Supplier bills or collects Storm Recovery Charges on behalf of the Issuer unless permitted by applicable law or regulation and, to the extent permitted by applicable law or regulation, the Rating Agency Condition is satisfied. As long as any of the Storm Recovery Bonds are Outstanding, Servicer will use commercially reasonable efforts to ensure that any Third-Party Supplier provide to the Issuer and to the Trustee, within a reasonable time after written request therefor, any information available to the Third-Party Supplier or reasonably obtainable by it that is necessary to calculate the Storm Recovery Charges.
ARTICLE IV
SERVICES RELATED TO STORM RECOVERY CHARGE ADJUSTMENTS AND
ALLOCATION ADJUSTMENTS
Section 4.01 STORM RECOVERY CHARGE ADJUSTMENTS. From time to time, but at least semi-annually, until the retirement of the Storm Recovery Bonds, the Servicer shall identify the need for Storm Recovery Charge Adjustments and shall take reasonable action to obtain and implement such Storm Recovery Charge Adjustments, all in accordance with the following:
(a) Expected Amortization Schedule. The Expected Amortization Schedule for the Storm Recovery Bonds is provided in the Supplement.
(b) Semi-Annual Storm Recovery Charge Adjustments. The Servicer will calculate and make semi-annual Storm Recovery Charge Adjustments as of each Adjustment Date commencing with the first Adjustment Date as follows:
(i) subtract the preceding period’s Storm Recovery Charge revenues collected and remitted from the preceding period’s Periodic Payment Requirement to calculate the under-collection or over-collection from the preceding period;
(ii) calculate the amount of the Storm Recovery Charge Adjustment, by (A) correcting any under-collection or over-collection calculated in step (i) over a period of up to 12 months covering the next two succeeding payment dates (in order to mitigate the size and impact of the adjustment), using the rules that (x) principal payments on the Storm Recovery Bonds will be brought on schedule over the next two succeeding Payment Dates, but (y) the resulting periodic billing requirement always must be sufficient to cover ongoing financing costs and interest on the Storm Recovery Bonds on a timely basis, (B) adding any amount carried forward from the previous Storm Recovery Charge Adjustment by the operation of step (A) above during the preceding Storm Recovery Charge Adjustment calculation;
(iii) add the amount calculated in step (ii), without duplication, to the upcoming period’s trued-up Periodic Billing Requirement to determine an adjusted Periodic Billing Requirement for the upcoming period;
(iv) add the amount, if a positive number, equal to the difference of the return to Cleco Power on Cleco Power’s invested capital in the Issuer for the preceding period minus the actual investment earnings thereon from the eligible investments made by the Trustee at the written direction of the Issuer pursuant to the terms of the Indenture for the preceding period, to the amount calculated in step (iii);
(v) allocate the result from step (iv) using the allocation factors approved by the LPSC in the Financing Order and develop Customer Class-specific Storm Recovery Charge rates based on those allocated dollar amounts; and
(vi) file those adjusted storm recovery charge rates with the LPSC not less than fifteen (15) days prior to the first billing cycle of the Cleco Power revenue month in which the revised Storm Recovery Charges will be in effect;
provided, however, that to the extent any Storm Recovery Bonds remain outstanding after the Scheduled Final Payment Date of the last tranche or class, Storm Recovery Charge Adjustments shall be made quarterly until the Storm Recovery Bonds and all associated financing costs are paid in full (and any under-collection shall be corrected for the next Payment Date instead of over a period covering the next two succeeding Payment Dates.
(c) Interim Storm Recovery Charge Adjustment Request. The Servicer may also make interim Storm Recovery Charge Adjustments more frequently at any time during the term of the Storm Recovery Bonds: (i) if the Servicer forecasts that SRC Collections will be insufficient to make on a timely basis all scheduled payments of interest and other financing costs in respect of the Storm Recovery Bonds during the current or next succeeding payment period or bring all principal payments on schedule over the next two succeeding payment dates and/or (ii) to replenish any draws upon the capital subaccount. Such adjusted storm recovery charge rates shall be filed with the LPSC not less than fifteen (15) days prior to the first billing cycle of the Cleco Power revenue month in which the revised Storm Recovery Charges will be in effect.
(d) Quarterly Storm Recovery Charge Adjustment Request. If required by the Rating Agencies to obtain the highest credit ratings, the Servicer may make quarterly Storm Recovery Charge Adjustments as and when so required. Such adjusted storm recovery charge rates shall be filed with the LPSC not less than fifteen (15) days prior to the first billing cycle of the Cleco Power revenue month in which the revised Storm Recovery Charges will be in effect.
(e) Non-Standard Storm Recovery Charge Adjustment. The Servicer shall request LPSC approval of an amendment to the Storm Recovery Charge Adjustment mechanism to make a non-standard Storm Recovery Charge Adjustment (under such procedures as shall be proposed by the Servicer and approved by the LPSC at the time) that it deems necessary or appropriate to address any material deviations between SRC Collections and the periodic revenue requirement. No such change shall cause any of the then-current credit ratings of the Storm Recovery Bonds to be suspended, withdrawn or downgraded.
(f) Notification of Adjustment Requests. Whenever the Servicer files a Storm Recovery Charge Adjustment request with the LPSC, the Servicer shall send a copy of such filing to the Issuer, each Trustee and the Rating Agencies concurrently therewith and such other persons as are entitled to notice under the Financing Order. If any Storm Recovery Charge Adjustment request does not become effective on the applicable date as provided in such filing and in accordance with the Financing Order, the Servicer shall notify the Issuer, each Trustee and the Rating Agencies by the end of the second Servicer Business Day after such applicable date.
(g) Reports.
(i) Servicer’s Certificate. Not later than five (5) Servicer Business Days prior to each Payment Date or Special Payment Date, the Servicer shall deliver a written report substantially in the form of Exhibit B (the “Semi-Annual Servicer’s Certificate”) to the Issuer, the LPSC, the Trustee and the Rating Agencies, which shall include all of the following information (to the extent applicable and including any other information so specified in the Series Supplement) as to the Storm Recovery Bonds with respect to such Payment Date or Special Payment Date or the period since the previous Payment Date, as applicable:
(A) the Storm Recovery Bond Balance and the Projected Storm Recovery Bond Balance as of the immediately preceding Payment Date,
(B) the amount on deposit in the Capital Subaccount and the Excess Funds Subaccount and the amount required to be on deposit in the Capital Subaccount as of the immediately preceding Payment Date,
(C) the amount of the payment to Holders allocable to principal, if any,
(D) the amount of the payment to Holders allocable to interest,
(E) the aggregate Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds, before and after giving effect to any payments allocated to principal reported under clause (C) above,
(F) the difference, if any, between the amount specified in clause (E) above and the Outstanding Amount specified in the Expected Amortization Schedule,
(G) any other transfers and payments to be made on such Payment Date or Special Payment Date, including amounts paid to the Trustee and to the Servicer, and
(H) the Servicer’s projection of the amount on deposit in the Excess Funds Subaccount for the Payment Date immediately preceding the next succeeding Adjustment Date.
(ii) Reports to Customers.
(A) After each revised Storm Recovery Charge has gone into effect pursuant to a Storm Recovery Charge Adjustment, the Servicer shall, to the extent and in the manner and time frame required by applicable LPSC Regulations, if any, cause to be prepared and delivered to Customers any required notices announcing such revised Storm Recovery Charges.
(B) The Servicer shall comply with the requirements of the Financing Order and Rate Schedule with respect to the identification of Storm Recovery Charges on Bills. In addition, at least once each year, the Servicer shall notify such Customers, in effect, that the Storm Recovery Property and the Storm Recovery Charges are owned by the Issuer (or its assignee) and not the Seller and that the Servicer is merely the collection agent for the Issuer (or its assignee or pledgee). Such notification shall be delivered to such Customers either by annual Bill inserts with mailed Bills or by statements posted on the “my account” website pages of the Servicer’s internet website.
(C) The Servicing Fee includes all costs of preparation and delivery incurred in connection with clauses (A) and (B) above, including printing and postage costs.
Section 4.02 LIMITATION OF LIABILITY
(a) The Issuer and the Servicer expressly agree and acknowledge that:
(i) In connection with any Storm Recovery Charge Adjustment, the Servicer is acting solely in its capacity as the servicing agent of the Issuer hereunder.
(ii) Neither the Servicer nor the Issuer shall be responsible in any manner for, and shall have no liability whatsoever as a result of, any action, decision, ruling or other determination made or not made, or any delay (other than any delay resulting from the Servicer’s failure to file the requests required by Section 4.01 in a timely and correct manner or other breach by the Servicer of its duties under this Agreement that materially and adversely affects the Storm Recovery Charge Adjustments), by the LPSC in any way related to the Storm Recovery Property or in connection with any Storm Recovery Charge Adjustment.
(iii) Except only to the extent that the Servicer is liable under Section 6.02, (A) the Servicer shall have no liability whatsoever relating to the calculation of the Storm-Recovery Charges and the adjustments thereto, including as a result of any inaccuracy of any of the assumptions made in such calculation regarding expected electric energy or demand usage volumes, the rate of charge-offs and estimated expenses and fees of the Issuer, so long as the Servicer has not acted in bad faith or in a grossly negligent manner in connection therewith, and (B) the Servicer shall have no liability whatsoever as a result of any Person, including the Holders, not receiving any payment, amount or return anticipated or expected in respect of any Storm Recovery Bond generally.
(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Section 4.02 shall not relieve the Servicer of any liability under Section 6.02 for any misrepresentation by the Servicer under Section 6.01 or for any breach by the Servicer of its obligations under this Agreement.
ARTICLE V
THE STORM RECOVERY PROPERTY
Section 5.01 CUSTODY OF STORM RECOVERY PROPERTY RECORDS. To assure uniform quality in servicing the Storm Recovery Property and to reduce administrative costs, the Issuer hereby revocably appoints the Servicer, and the Servicer hereby accepts such appointment, to act as the agent of the Issuer as custodian of any and all documents and records relating to the Storm Recovery Property, which are hereby constructively delivered to the Trustee, as pledgee of the Issuer, with respect to all Storm Recovery Property.
Section 5.02 DUTIES OF SERVICER AS CUSTODIAN.
(a) Safekeeping. The Servicer shall hold the Storm Recovery Property Documentation on behalf of the Issuer and Trustee and maintain such accurate and complete accounts, records and computer systems pertaining to the Storm Recovery Property Documentation as shall enable the Issuer and the Trustee, as applicable, to comply with this Agreement, the Sale Agreement and the Indenture. In performing its duties as custodian, including documentation, record keeping, accounts and computer systems, the Servicer shall act with reasonable care, using that degree of care and diligence that the Servicer exercises with respect to comparable assets that the Servicer services for itself or, if applicable, for others. The Servicer shall promptly report to the Issuer, the Trustee, the LPSC and the Rating Agencies any material failure on its part to hold the Storm Recovery Property Documentation and maintain its accounts, records and computer systems as herein provided and promptly take appropriate action to remedy any such failure. Nothing herein shall be deemed to require an initial review or any periodic review by the Issuer or the Trustee of the Storm Recovery Property Documentation. The Servicer’s duties to hold the Storm Recovery Property Documentation set forth in this Section 5.02, to the extent such Storm Recovery Property Documentation has not been previously transferred to a successor Servicer, shall terminate one year and one day after the earlier of the date on which (i) the Servicer is succeeded by a successor pursuant to the provisions of the Agreement and (ii) no Storm Recovery Bonds are Outstanding.
(b) Maintenance and Access to Records. The Servicer shall maintain the Storm Recovery Property Documentation at 2030 Donahue Ferry Road, Pineville, Louisiana or at such other office as shall be specified to the Issuer, to the LPSC and to the Trustee by written notice at least thirty (30) days prior to any change in location. The Servicer shall make available, as is reasonably required for the Trustee to perform its duties and obligations under the Indenture and the other Basic Documents, for inspection, audit and copying to the Issuer and the Trustee or their respective duly authorized representatives, attorneys or auditors the Servicer’s records regarding the Storm Recovery Property, the Storm Recovery Charges and the Storm Recovery Property Documentation at such times during normal business hours as the Issuer or the Trustee shall reasonably request and which do not unreasonably interfere with the Servicer’s normal operations. Nothing in this Section 5.02(b) shall affect the obligation of the Servicer to observe any applicable law (including any LPSC Regulation) prohibiting disclosure of information regarding the Customers, and the failure of the Servicer to provide access to such information as a result of such obligation shall not constitute a breach of this Section 5.02(b).
(c) Release of Documents. Upon instruction from the Trustee in accordance with the Indenture, the Servicer shall release any Storm Recovery Property Documentation to the Trustee, the Trustee’s agent or the Trustee’s designee, as the case may be, at such place or places as the Trustee may designate, as soon as practicable.
(d) Litigation to Defend Storm Recovery Property. The Servicer is required to institute any action or proceeding reasonably necessary to compel performance by the LPSC or the State of Louisiana of any of their respective obligations or duties under the Securitization Act or the Financing Order, as the case may be, with respect to the Storm Recovery Charge Adjustment, provided, however, that in circumstances in which the servicing procedures set out in Annex I apply, the provisions of this undertaking do not require the Servicer to act in a manner different from the manner that the servicing procedures require. In any proceedings related to the exercise of the power of eminent domain by any municipality to acquire a portion of Cleco Power’s electric distribution facilities, including upon the expiration of any franchise agreement, the Servicer shall assert that that the court ordering such condemnation must treat such municipality as a successor to Cleco Power under the Securitization Act and the Financing Order and that Customers in such municipalities remain responsible for payment of Storm Recovery Charges. The costs of any such actions or proceedings would be reimbursed by the Issuer to the Servicer from amounts on deposit in the Collection Account as an Operating Expense (and shall not be deemed to constitute a portion of the Servicing Fee) in accordance with the terms of Section 8.02(d) of the Indenture. The amount of any recoveries received by the Servicer as a result of any such action or procedures shall be forwarded to the Trustee for deposit in the Collection Account. The Servicer’s obligations pursuant to this Section 5.02(d) survive and continue notwithstanding that the payment of Operating Expenses pursuant to the Indenture may be delayed.
Section 5.03 CUSTODIAN’S INDEMNIFICATION. THE SERVICER AS CUSTODIAN SHALL INDEMNIFY THE ISSUER, THE INDEPENDENT MANAGERS AND THE TRUSTEE (FOR ITSELF AND FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE STORM RECOVERY BONDHOLDERS) AND EACH OF THEIR RESPECTIVE OFFICERS, DIRECTORS, EMPLOYEES AND AGENTS FOR, AND DEFEND AND HOLD HARMLESS EACH SUCH PERSON FROM AND AGAINST, ANY AND ALL LIABILITIES, OBLIGATIONS, LOSSES, DAMAGES, PAYMENTS AND CLAIMS, AND REASONABLE COSTS OR EXPENSES, OF ANY KIND WHATSOEVER (COLLECTIVELY, “LOSSES”) THAT MAY BE IMPOSED ON, INCURRED BY OR ASSERTED AGAINST EACH SUCH PERSON AS THE RESULT OF ANY NEGLIGENT ACT OR OMISSION IN ANY WAY RELATING TO THE MAINTENANCE AND CUSTODY BY THE SERVICER, AS CUSTODIAN, OF THE STORM RECOVERY PROPERTY DOCUMENTATION; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT THE SERVICER SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY PORTION OF ANY SUCH AMOUNT RESULTING FROM THE WILLFUL MISCONDUCT, BAD FAITH OR NEGLIGENCE OF THE ISSUER, THE INDEPENDENT MANAGERS OR THE TRUSTEE, AS THE CASE MAY BE.
INDEMNIFICATION UNDER THIS SECTION 5.03 SHALL SURVIVE RESIGNATION OR REMOVAL OF THE TRUSTEE OR ANY INDEPENDENT MANAGER AND TERMINATION OF THIS AGREEMENT AND SHALL INCLUDE REASONABLE OUT-OF-POCKET FEES AND EXPENSES OF INVESTIGATION AND LITIGATION (INCLUDING REASONABLE ATTORNEY’S FEES AND EXPENSES).
Section 5.04 EFFECTIVE PERIOD AND TERMINATION. The Servicer’s appointment as custodian shall become effective as of the Sale Date and shall continue in full force and effect until terminated pursuant to this Section 5.04. If the Servicer shall resign as Servicer in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement or if all of the rights and obligations of the Servicer shall have been terminated under Section 7.01, the appointment of the Servicer as custodian shall be terminated effective as of the date on which the termination or resignation of the Servicer is effective. Additionally, if not sooner terminated as provided above, the Servicer’s obligations as custodian shall terminate one year and one day after the date on which no Storm Recovery Bonds are Outstanding.
ARTICLE VI
THE SERVICER
Section 6.01 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE SERVICER. The Servicer makes the following representations and warranties as of the Sale Date, and as of such other dates expressly provided in this Section 6.01, on which the Issuer has relied in acquiring the Storm Recovery Property. The representations and warranties shall survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the sale of any of the Storm Recovery Property to the Issuer and the pledge thereof to the Trustee pursuant to the Indenture.
(a) Organization and Good Standing. The Servicer is a limited liability company duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Louisiana, with the limited liability company power and authority to own its properties, to conduct its business as such business is presently conducted and to execute, deliver and carry out the terms of this Agreement and had at all relevant times and has the requisite power, authority and legal right to service the Storm Recovery Property and to hold the Storm Recovery Property Documentation as custodian.
(b) Due Qualification. The Servicer is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing, and has obtained all necessary licenses and approvals, in all jurisdictions in which it is required to do so (except where the failure to so qualify would not be reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on the Servicer’s business, operations, assets, revenues or properties or adversely affect the servicing of the Storm Recovery Property).
(c) Power and Authority. The Servicer has the limited liability company power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and to carry out the terms thereof; and the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement have been duly authorized by the Servicer by all necessary limited liability company action.
(d) Binding Obligation. This Agreement constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Servicer enforceable against the Servicer in accordance with its terms subject to applicable bankruptcy, receivership, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, fraudulent transfer or conveyance and other laws relating to or affecting creditors’ rights generally from time to time in effect and to general principles of equity (including, without limitation, concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing), regardless of whether considered in a Proceeding in equity or at law.
(e) No Violation. The consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (to the extent applicable to the Servicer’s responsibilities thereunder) and the fulfillment of the terms will not conflict with, result in any breach of any of the terms and provisions of, or constitute (with or without notice or lapse of time) a material default under, the articles of organization, operating agreement or any material indenture or any material agreement to which the Servicer is a party or by which it or any of its property is bound or result in the creation or imposition of any Lien upon any of its properties pursuant to the terms of any such agreement (other than any Lien that may be granted under the Basic Documents pursuant to Section 1231 of the Securitization Act); or violate any existing law or any existing order, rule or regulation applicable to the Servicer.
(f) Approvals. No approval, authorization, consent, order or other action of, or filing with, any Governmental Authority is required under an applicable law, rule or regulation in connection with the execution and delivery by the Servicer of this Agreement, the performance by the Servicer of the transactions contemplated hereby or the fulfillment by the Servicer of the terms of the Agreement, except those that have been obtained or made or that are required by this Agreement to be made in the future by the Servicer, including the Issuance Advice Letter, filings with the LPSC for adjusting Storm Recovery Charges and allocation of storm recovery charge adjustments pursuant to Section 4.01 and filings with the Louisiana UCC Filing Officer under the Securitization Act and the UCC.
(g) No Proceedings. Except as disclosed by the Servicer on Schedule A hereto, there are no Proceedings pending or, to the Servicer’s knowledge, threatened before any Governmental Authority having jurisdiction over the Servicer or its properties involving or relating to the Servicer or the Issuer or, to the Servicer’s knowledge, any other Person:
(i) asserting the invalidity of this Agreement or any of the other Basic Documents;
(ii) seeking to prevent the issuance of the Storm Recovery Bonds or the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any of the other Basic Documents;
(iii) seeking any determination or ruling that might materially and adversely affect the performance by the Servicer of its obligations under, or the validity or enforceability against the Servicer of, this Agreement, any of the other Basic Documents or the Storm Recovery Bonds;
(iv) relating to the Servicer and which might materially and adversely affect the federal income tax or State income, gross receipts or franchise tax attributes of the Storm Recovery Bonds; or
(v) seeking to prevent the issuance of the Storm Recovery Bonds or the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any of the other Basic Documents.
(h) Reports and Certificates. Each report and certificate delivered in connection with any filing made to the LPSC by the Servicer on behalf of the Issuer with respect to Storm Recovery Charges, Storm Recovery Charge Adjustments or allocation of storm recovery charges among Customer Classes will be true and correct in all material respects; provided, however, that to the extent any such report or certificate is based in part upon or contains assumptions, forecasts or other predictions of future events, the representation and warranty of the Servicer with respect thereto will be limited to the representation and warranty that such assumptions, forecasts or other predictions of future events are reasonable based upon historical performance and the facts known to the Servicer on the date such report or certificate is delivered.
Section 6.02 INDEMNITIES OF THE SERVICER; RELEASE OF CLAIMS.
(a) THE SERVICER SHALL BE LIABLE IN ACCORDANCE HEREWITH ONLY TO THE EXTENT OF THE OBLIGATIONS SPECIFICALLY UNDERTAKEN BY THE SERVICER UNDER THIS AGREEMENT.
(b) THE SERVICER SHALL INDEMNIFY THE ISSUER, THE TRUSTEE (FOR ITSELF AND ON BEHALF OF THE STORM RECOVERY BONDHOLDERS) AND THE INDEPENDENT MANAGER AND EACH OF THEIR RESPECTIVE TRUSTEES, MEMBERS, MANAGERS, OFFICERS, DIRECTORS, EMPLOYEES AND AGENTS FOR, AND DEFEND AND HOLD HARMLESS EACH SUCH PERSON FROM AND AGAINST, ANY AND ALL LOSSES THAT MAY BE IMPOSED UPON, INCURRED BY OR ASSERTED AGAINST ANY SUCH PERSON AS A RESULT OF:
(i) THE SERVICER’S WILLFUL MISCONDUCT, BAD FAITH OR NEGLIGENCE IN THE PERFORMANCE OF ITS DUTIES OR OBSERVANCE OF ITS COVENANTS UNDER THIS AGREEMENT OR THE SERVICER’S RECKLESS DISREGARD OF ITS OBLIGATIONS AND DUTIES UNDER THIS AGREEMENT;
(ii) THE SERVICER’S BREACH OF ANY OF ITS REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES IN THIS AGREEMENT; OR
(iii) LITIGATION AND RELATED EXPENSES RELATING TO ITS STATUS AND OBLIGATIONS AS SERVICER (OTHER THAN ANY PROCEEDINGS THE SERVICER IS REQUIRED TO INSTITUTE UNDER THIS AGREEMENT);
PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT THE SERVICER SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOSSES RESULTING FROM THE BAD FAITH, WILLFUL MISCONDUCT OR NEGLIGENCE OF ANY PERSON INDEMNIFIED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION 6.02 (EACH, AN “INDEMNIFIED PERSON”) OR RESULTING FROM A BREACH OF A REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY MADE BY SUCH INDEMNIFIED PERSON TO THE SERVICER IN ANY BASIC DOCUMENT THAT GIVES RISE TO THE SERVICER’S BREACH.
(c) PROMPTLY AFTER RECEIPT BY AN INDEMNIFIED PERSON OF WRITTEN NOTICE OF ITS INVOLVEMENT IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR INVESTIGATION, SUCH INDEMNIFIED PERSON SHALL, IF A CLAIM FOR INDEMNIFICATION IN RESPECT THEREOF IS TO BE MADE AGAINST THE SERVICER UNDER THIS SECTION 6.02, NOTIFY THE SERVICER IN WRITING OF SUCH INVOLVEMENT. FAILURE BY AN INDEMNIFIED PERSON TO SO NOTIFY THE SERVICER SHALL RELIEVE THE SERVICER FROM THE OBLIGATION TO INDEMNIFY AND HOLD HARMLESS SUCH INDEMNIFIED PERSON UNDER THIS SECTION 6.02 ONLY TO THE EXTENT THAT THE SERVICER SUFFERS ACTUAL PREJUDICE AS DETERMINED BY A COURT OF COMPETENT JURISDICTION AS A RESULT OF SUCH FAILURE. WITH RESPECT TO ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR INVESTIGATION BROUGHT BY A THIRD PARTY FOR WHICH INDEMNIFICATION MAY BE SOUGHT BY AN INDEMNIFIED PERSON UNDER THIS SECTION 6.02, THE SERVICER SHALL BE ENTITLED TO ASSUME THE DEFENSE OF ANY SUCH ACTION, PROCEEDING OR INVESTIGATION UNLESS (X) SUCH ACTION, PROCEEDING OR INVESTIGATION EXPOSES THE INDEMNIFIED PERSON TO A RISK OF CRIMINAL LIABILITY OR FORFEITURE, (Y) THE SERVICER AND SUCH INDEMNIFIED PERSON HAVE A CONFLICT OF INTEREST IN THEIR RESPECTIVE DEFENSES OF SUCH ACTION, PROCEEDING OR INVESTIGATION OR (Z) THERE EXISTS AT THE TIME THE SERVICER WOULD ASSUME SUCH DEFENSE AN ONGOING SERVICER DEFAULT. UPON ASSUMPTION BY THE SERVICER OF THE DEFENSE OF ANY SUCH ACTION, PROCEEDING OR INVESTIGATION, THE INDEMNIFIED PERSON SHALL HAVE THE RIGHT TO PARTICIPATE IN SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING AND TO RETAIN ITS OWN COUNSEL (INCLUDING LOCAL COUNSEL), AND THE SERVICER SHALL BEAR THE REASONABLE FEES, COSTS AND EXPENSES OF SUCH SEPARATE COUNSEL. THE INDEMNIFIED PERSON SHALL NOT SETTLE OR COMPROMISE OR CONSENT TO THE ENTRY OF ANY JUDGMENT WITH RESPECT TO ANY PENDING OR THREATENED CLAIM, ACTION, SUIT OR PROCEEDING IN RESPECT OF WHICH INDEMNIFICATION MAY BE SOUGHT UNDER THIS SECTION 6.02 (WHETHER OR NOT THE SERVICER IS AN ACTUAL OR POTENTIAL PARTY TO SUCH CLAIM OR ACTION) UNLESS THE SERVICER AGREES IN WRITING TO SUCH SETTLEMENT, COMPROMISE OR CONSENT AND SUCH SETTLEMENT, COMPROMISE OR CONSENT INCLUDES AN UNCONDITIONAL RELEASE OF THE SERVICER FROM ALL LIABILITY ARISING OUT OF SUCH CLAIM, ACTION, SUIT OR PROCEEDING.
(d) THE SERVICER SHALL INDEMNIFY THE TRUSTEE AND ITS RESPECTIVE TRUSTEES, OFFICERS, DIRECTORS, EMPLOYEES AND AGENTS FOR, AND DEFEND AND HOLD HARMLESS EACH SUCH PERSON FROM AND AGAINST, ANY AND ALL LOSSES THAT MAY BE IMPOSED UPON, INCURRED BY OR ASSERTED AGAINST ANY SUCH PERSON AS A RESULT OF THE ACCEPTANCE OR PERFORMANCE OF THE TRUSTS AND DUTIES CONTAINED HEREIN AND IN THE INDENTURE, EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT THAT ANY SUCH LOSS (I) SHALL BE DUE TO THE WILLFUL MISCONDUCT, BAD FAITH OR NEGLIGENCE OF THE TRUSTEE OR (II) SHALL ARISE FROM THE TRUSTEE’S BREACH OF ANY OF ITS REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES SET FORTH IN THE INDENTURE; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT THE FOREGOING INDEMNITY IS EXTENDED TO THE TRUSTEE SOLELY IN ITS INDIVIDUAL CAPACITY AND NOT FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE STORM RECOVERY BONDHOLDERS OR ANY OTHER PERSON. SUCH AMOUNTS WITH RESPECT TO THE TRUSTEE SHALL BE DEPOSITED AND DISTRIBUTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE INDENTURE.
(e) THE SERVICER’S INDEMNIFICATION OBLIGATIONS UNDER SECTION 6.02(b) AND (d) FOR EVENTS OCCURRING PRIOR TO THE REMOVAL OR RESIGNATION OF THE TRUSTEE OR ANY INDEPENDENT MANAGER OR THE TERMINATION OF THIS AGREEMENT SHALL SURVIVE THE RESIGNATION OR REMOVAL OF THE TRUSTEE, ANY INDEPENDENT MANAGER OR THE TERMINATION OF THIS AGREEMENT AND SHALL INCLUDE REASONABLE COSTS, FEES AND EXPENSES OF INVESTIGATION AND LITIGATION (INCLUDING THE ISSUER’S AND THE TRUSTEE’S REASONABLE ATTORNEYS’ FEES AND EXPENSES). INDEMNIFICATION UNDER THIS SECTION 6.02 SHALL SURVIVE ANY REPEAL OF, MODIFICATION OF, OR SUPPLEMENT TO, OR JUDICIAL INVALIDATION OF, THE SECURITIZATION ACT OR ANY FINANCING ORDER.
(f) EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT EXPRESSLY PROVIDED FOR IN THIS AGREEMENT, THE SALE AGREEMENT OR THE FORMATION DOCUMENTS (INCLUDING THE SERVICER’S CLAIMS WITH RESPECT TO THE SERVICING FEES AND EXPENSES REIMBURSEMENT AND THE SELLER’S CLAIM FOR PAYMENT OF THE PURCHASE PRICE OF STORM RECOVERY PROPERTY), THE SERVICER HEREBY RELEASES AND DISCHARGES THE ISSUER (INCLUDING ITS MEMBERS, MANAGERS, EMPLOYEES AND AGENTS, IF ANY), THE INDEPENDENT MANAGER, AND THE TRUSTEE (INCLUDING ITS RESPECTIVE OFFICERS, DIRECTORS AND AGENTS) (COLLECTIVELY, THE “RELEASED PARTIES”) FROM ANY AND ALL CLAIMS WHATSOEVER, WHICH THE SERVICER, IN ITS CAPACITY AS SERVICER OR OTHERWISE, SHALL OR MAY HAVE AGAINST ANY SUCH PERSON RELATING TO THE STORM RECOVERY PROPERTY OR THE SERVICER’S ACTIVITIES WITH RESPECT THERETO OTHER THAN ANY ACTIONS, CLAIMS AND DEMANDS ARISING OUT OF THE WILLFUL MISCONDUCT, BAD FAITH OR NEGLIGENCE OF THE RELEASED PARTIES.
(g) THE SERVICER AND THE ISSUER HEREBY ACKNOWLEDGE THAT, NOTWITHSTANDING ANYTHING HEREIN TO THE CONTRARY, THE TRUSTEE IS A THIRD-PARTY BENEFICIARY OF THIS SECTION 6.02 AND IS ENTITLED TO THE BENEFITS OF THE INDEMNITY FROM THE SERVICER CONTAINED HEREIN AND TO BRING ANY ACTION TO ENFORCE SUCH INDEMNIFICATION DIRECTLY AGAINST THE SERVICER.
(h) THE SERVICER SHALL INDEMNIFY THE LPSC (FOR THE BENEFIT OF CUSTOMERS), THE ISSUER, THE TRUSTEE (FOR ITSELF AND ON BEHALF OF THE STORM RECOVERY BONDHOLDERS), AND EACH OF THEIR RESPECTIVE TRUSTEES, MEMBERS, MANAGERS, OFFICERS, DIRECTORS, EMPLOYEES AND AGENTS FOR, AND DEFEND AND HOLD HARMLESS EACH SUCH PERSON FROM AND AGAINST, ANY AND ALL LOSSES THAT MAY BE IMPOSED UPON, INCURRED BY OR ASSERTED AGAINST ANY SUCH PERSON AS A RESULT OF ANY INCREASE IN THE SERVICING FEE THAT BECOMES PAYABLE PURSUANT TO SECTION 6.07(b) OF THIS AGREEMENT AS A RESULT OF A DEFAULT RESULTING FROM THE SERVICER’S MISCONDUCT, NEGLIGENCE IN PERFORMANCE OF ITS DUTIES OR OBSERVANCE OF ITS COVENANTS UNDER THIS AGREEMENT OR TERMINATION FOR CAUSE OF CLECO POWER OR AN AFFILIATE SERVICER. THE INDEMNIFICATION OBLIGATION SET FORTH IN THIS PARAGRAPH MAY BE ENFORCED BY THE LPSC BUT IS NOT ENFORCEABLE BY ANY THIRD-PARTY COLLECTOR OR ANY CUSTOMER. ANY INDEMNITY PAYMENTS UNDER THIS PARAGRAPH FOR THE BENEFIT OF CUSTOMERS SHALL BE REMITTED TO THE TRUSTEE PROMPTLY FOR DEPOSIT INTO THE COLLECTION ACCOUNT.
Section 6.03 MERGER OR CONSOLIDATION OF, OR ASSUMPTION OF THE OBLIGATIONS OF, THE SERVICER. Any Person:
(a) into which the Servicer may be merged, converted or consolidated and which succeeds to all or substantially all of the electric transmission and distribution business of the servicer (or, if the transmission and distribution business is split, any Person which the LPSC designates in connection with an order relating to such split),
(b) which results from the division of the Servicer into two or more Persons and which succeeds to all or substantially all of the electric transmission and distribution business of the Servicer (or, if the transmission and distribution business is split, any Person which the LPSC designates in connection with an order relating to such split),
(c) which may result from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Servicer shall be a party and which succeeds to all or substantially all of the electric transmission and distribution business of the Servicer (or, if the transmission and distribution business is split, any Person which the LPSC designates in connection with an order relating to such split),
(d) which may purchase or otherwise succeed to the properties and assets of the Servicer substantially as a whole and which purchases or otherwise succeeds to all or substantially all of the electric transmission and distribution business of the Servicer (or, if the transmission and distribution business is split, any Person which the LPSC designates in connection with an order relating to such split), or
(e) which may otherwise purchase or succeed to all or substantially all of the electric transmission and distribution business of the Servicer (or, if the transmission and distribution business is split, any Person which the LPSC designates in connection with an order relating to such split),
which Person in any of the foregoing cases executes an agreement of assumption to perform every obligation of the Servicer under this Agreement and undertake to collect, account and remit amounts in respect of the Storm Recovery Charges from Customers for the benefit and account of the Issuer (or its financing party), shall be the successor to the Servicer under this Agreement without the execution or filing of any document or any further act by any of the parties to this Agreement; provided, however, that:
(i) immediately after giving effect to such transaction, the representations and warranties made pursuant to Section 6.01 shall be true and correct and no Servicer Default, and no event that, after notice or lapse of time, or both, would become a Servicer Default, shall have occurred and be continuing;
(ii) the Servicer shall have delivered to the Issuer, the Rating Agencies, the LPSC and the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel each stating that such consolidation, merger, conversion, division or succession and such agreement of assumption comply with this Section 6.03 and that all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Agreement relating to such transaction have been complied with;
(iii) the Servicer shall have delivered to the Issuer, the Rating Agencies, the LPSC and the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel either
(A) stating that, in the opinion of such counsel, all filings to be made by the Servicer, including filings with the LPSC pursuant to the Securitization Act and the UCC, that are necessary fully to preserve and protect the interests of each of the Issuer and the Trustee in the Storm Recovery Property have been executed and filed and are in full force and effect, and reciting the details of such filings, or
(B) stating that, in the opinion of such counsel, no such action is necessary to preserve and protect such interests;
(iv) the Rating Agencies shall have received prior written notice of such transaction and, if such Person is not an Affiliate of Cleco Power, the Rating Agency Condition shall be satisfied; and
(v) the Servicer shall have delivered to the Issuer, the LPSC, the Trustee and the Rating Agencies an opinion of independent tax counsel (as selected by, and in form and substance satisfactory to, the Servicer, and which may be based on a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service) to the effect that, for federal income tax purposes, such transaction will not result in a material adverse federal income tax consequence to the Issuer or the Storm Recovery Bondholders.
The Servicer shall not consummate any transaction referred to in clauses (a), (b), (c), (d) or (e) above except upon execution of the above-described agreement of assumption and compliance with clauses (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) and (v) above. When any Person acquires the properties and assets of the Servicer substantially as a whole or otherwise becomes the successor to the Servicer in accordance with the terms of this Section 6.03, then upon the satisfaction of all of the other conditions of this Section 6.03, the Servicer shall automatically and without further notice be released from its obligations hereunder.
Section 6.04 ASSIGNMENT OF THE SERVICER’S OBLIGATIONS. The Servicer will not voluntarily assign or outsource its obligations hereunder except with the LPSC’s prior approval and upon a demonstration that the costs under an alternative arrangement will be no more than if the Servicer continued to perform such services itself, or the assignment or outsourcing is to another Affiliate that will provide such services at the same or lower cost than if the Servicer continued to perform such services itself, or the assignment or outsourcing is to a successor entity to the Servicer as the result of a merger or other restructuring that assumes the Servicer’s responsibilities as the servicer and administrator.
Section 6.05 LIMITATION ON LIABILITY OF THE SERVICER AND OTHERS. Neither the Servicer nor any of the managers, officers, employees or agents of the Servicer shall be liable to the Issuer, its managers, the Storm Recovery Bondholders, the Trustee or any other Person, except as provided under this Agreement, for any action taken or for refraining from the taking of any action pursuant to this Agreement or for errors in judgment; provided, however, that this provision shall not protect the Servicer against any liability that would otherwise be imposed by reason of willful misconduct, bad faith or negligence in the performance of its duties under this Agreement. The Servicer and any manager or officer or employee or agent of the Servicer may rely in good faith on the advice of counsel or on any document of any kind, prima facie properly executed and submitted by any Person respecting any matters arising under this Agreement.
Except as provided in this Agreement (including but not limited to Section 5.02(c) and 5.02(d) of this Agreement), the Servicer shall not be under any obligation to appear in, prosecute or defend any Proceeding that is not directly related to one of the Servicer’s enumerated duties in this Agreement or related to its obligation to pay indemnification, and that in its reasonable opinion may cause it to incur any expense or liability; provided, however, that the Servicer may, in respect of any Proceeding, undertake any reasonable action that is not specifically identified in this Agreement as a duty of the Servicer but that the Servicer may deem necessary or desirable in respect of this Agreement and the rights and duties of the parties to this Agreement and the interests of the Storm Recovery Bondholders under this Agreement. The Servicer’s costs and expenses incurred in connection with any such Proceeding shall be payable from the Collection Account as an Operating Expense (and shall not be deemed to constitute a portion of the Servicing Fee) in accordance with Section 8.02 of the Indenture. The Servicer’s obligations pursuant to this Section 6.05 shall survive and continue notwithstanding the fact that the payment of Operating Expenses pursuant to the Indenture may be delayed (it being understood that the Servicer may be required initially to advance its own funds to satisfy its obligations hereunder).
Section 6.06 CLECO POWER NOT TO RESIGN AS SERVICER. Subject to the provisions of Sections 6.03 and 6.04, Cleco Power shall not resign from the obligations and duties imposed on it as Servicer under this Agreement unless the Servicer delivers to the Issuer, the Trustee, the LPSC and each Rating Agency written notice of such resignation at the earliest practicable time and, concurrently therewith or promptly thereafter, an opinion of Independent legal counsel that the Servicer’s performance of its duties under this Agreement shall no longer be permissible under applicable law. No such resignation shall become effective until a Successor Servicer shall have assumed the servicing obligations and duties hereunder of the Servicer in accordance with Section 7.04.
Section 6.07 SERVICING FEE.
(a) The Issuer agrees to pay the Servicer on each Payment Date, solely to the extent amounts are available therefor in accordance with the Indenture, the Servicing Fee with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds. For so long as:
(i) Cleco Power or one of its Affiliates is the Servicer,
(ii) a successor to Cleco Power or one of its Affiliates is the Servicer due to the operation of the provisions of Section 6.03, or
(iii) any Person is the Successor Servicer hereunder pursuant to the provisions of Section 6.03 if the predecessor Servicer was Cleco Power or one of its Affiliates,
the amount of the Servicing Fee paid to the Servicer annually shall equal 0.05 % of the Storm Recovery Bond Balance on the Issuance Date and shall be prorated based on the fraction of a calendar year during which the Servicer provides any of the services set forth in this Agreement.
(b) In the event that a Successor Servicer not an Affiliate of Cleco Power is appointed in accordance with Section 7.04, the amount of Servicing Fee paid to the Servicer annually shall be agreed upon by the Successor Servicer and the Trustee but shall in no event exceed 0.60% of the Storm Recovery Bond Balance on the Issuance Date without the consent of the LPSC and shall be prorated based on the fraction of a calendar year during which the Successor Servicer provides any of the services set forth in this Agreement. The foregoing fees set forth in Section 6.07(a) and this Section 6.07(b) constitute a fair and reasonable price for the obligations to be performed by the Servicer. The Servicer shall have indemnification obligations for an increased Servicing Fee under certain circumstances, in accordance with Section 6.02(h).
(c) The Servicing Fee, together with any portion of the Servicing Fee that remains unpaid from prior Payment Dates, will be paid solely to the extent funds are available. The Servicing Fee will be paid prior to the payment of or provision for any amounts in respect of interest on and principal of the Storm Recovery Bonds.
Section 6.08 COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE LAW. The Servicer covenants and agrees, in servicing the Storm Recovery Property, to comply in all material respects with all laws applicable to, and binding upon, the Servicer and relating to such Storm Recovery Property the noncompliance with which would have a material adverse effect on the value of the Storm Recovery Property; provided, however, that the foregoing is not intended to, and shall not, impose any liability on the Servicer for noncompliance with any Requirement of Law that the Servicer is contesting in good faith in accordance with its customary standards and procedures. It is expressly acknowledged that the payment of fees to the Rating Agencies shall be at the expense of the Issuer and that, if the Servicer advances such payments to the Rating Agencies, the Issuer shall reimburse the Servicer for any such advances.
Section 6.09 SERVICER EXPENSES. Except as expressly provided elsewhere in this Agreement, the Servicer will not be reimbursed for any expenses incurred by it in connection with its activities hereunder, including taxes imposed on the Servicer and expenses incurred in connection with reports to Storm Recovery Bondholders, and external information technology costs, bank wire fees and internal legal fees related to this Agreement. The Servicer is entitled to receive reimbursement for its out-of-pocket costs for external accounting and external legal services as well as for other items of costs that will be incurred annually to support and service the Storm Recovery Bonds after issuance, as provided in the Financing Order.
Section 6.10 APPOINTMENTS. The Servicer may at any time appoint a subservicer or agent to perform all or any portion of its obligations as Servicer hereunder; provided, however, that unless such Person is an Affiliate of Cleco Power, the Rating Agency Condition shall have been satisfied in connection therewith; provided further that the Servicer shall remain obligated and be liable to the Issuer for the servicing and administering of the Storm Recovery Property in accordance with the provisions hereof without diminution of such obligation and liability by virtue of the appointment of such subservicer or agent and to the same extent and under the same terms and conditions as if the Servicer alone were servicing and administering the Storm Recovery Property. The fees and expenses of the subservicer or agent shall be as agreed between the Servicer and its subservicer or agent from time to time, and none of the Issuer, the Trustee or the Storm Recovery Bondholders shall have any responsibility therefor. Any such appointment shall not constitute a Servicer resignation under Section 6.06. In the event any subservicer participates in the “servicing function” within the meaning of Item 1122 of Regulation AB, the Servicer shall be responsible for obtaining from each subservicer and delivering to the Issuer any assessment of compliance and attestation required to be delivered by the Servicer under Section 3.03.
Section 6.11 NO SERVICER ADVANCES. The Servicer shall not make any advances of interest on or principal of the Storm Recovery Bonds.
Section 6.12 REMITTANCES. (a) The Servicer shall remit Storm Recovery Charges to the Trustee each Servicer Business Day, but in no event later than two Servicer Business Days following such Servicer Business Day, based on estimated daily collections using a weighted average balance of days outstanding on retail bills and prior year write-off experience (the “Daily Remittance”)in all respects as provided in Annex 1 and shall make such adjustments as are set out in Annex 1 to adjust for any estimates of actual Storm Recovery Charges actually remitted to the Trustee. The Servicer will remit those Storm Recovery Charges for any Servicer Business Day no later than the second Servicer Business Day after that Servicer Business Day. Cleco Power will not be required to credit Customers or the Issuer with any earnings accruing to Cleco Power on transferred and untransferred daily collections of Storm Recovery Charges.
(a) Prior to (or concurrently with each remittance to the General Subaccount of the Collection Account pursuant to this Section 6.12, the Servicer shall provide written notice (which may be via electronic means, including electronic mail) to the Trustee and, upon request, to the Issuer of each such remittance (including the exact dollar amount to be remitted). The Servicer shall also, promptly upon receipt, remit to the Collection Account any other proceeds of the Trust Estate that it may receive from time to time. Reconciliations of bank statements shall be as set forth in Exhibit A.
(b) The Servicer agrees and acknowledges that it holds all Storm Recovery Charge payments collected by it and any other proceeds for the Trust Estate received by it for the benefit of the Trustee and the Holders and that all such amounts will be remitted by the Servicer in accordance with this Section 6.12 without any surcharge, fee, offset, charge or other deduction. The Servicer further agrees not to make any claim to reduce its obligation to remit all Storm Recovery Charge payments collected by it in accordance with this Agreement
(c) Unless otherwise directed to do so by the Issuer, the Servicer shall be responsible for selecting Eligible Investments in which the funds in the Collection Account shall be invested pursuant to Section 8.03 of the Indenture.
Section 6.13 PROTECTION OF TITLE. The Servicer shall execute and file all filings, including filings with the Louisiana UCC Filing Officer pursuant to the Securitization Act and the Louisiana UCC, and cause to be executed and filed all filings, all in such manner and in such places as may be required by law fully to preserve, maintain and protect the interests of the Issuer and the Trustee in the Storm Recovery Property, including all filings required under the Securitization Act and the Louisiana UCC relating to the transfer of the ownership or security interest in the Storm Recovery Property by the Seller to the Issuer or any security interest granted by the Issuer in the Storm Recovery Property. The Servicer shall deliver (or cause to be delivered) to the Issuer, the LPSC and the Trustee file-stamped copies of, or filing receipts for, any document filed as provided above, as soon as available following such filing.
Section 6.14 MAINTENANCE OF OPERATIONS. To the extent that any interest in the Storm Recovery Property is assigned, sold, or transferred to an assignee, Cleco Power shall enter into a contract with that assignee that requires Cleco Power to continue to operate its electric transmission and distribution system in order to provide electric services to Cleco Power’s Customers; and, further, Cleco Power will undertake to collect, account for and remit amounts in respect of the Storm Recovery Charges for the benefit of such assignee (or its financing party); provided, however, that this provision shall not prohibit Cleco Power from selling, assigning, or otherwise divesting its electric transmission and distribution systems or any part thereof so long as the entity or entities acquiring such system agree to continue operating the facilities to provide electric service to Cleco Power’s LPSC’s jurisdictional Customers.
ARTICLE VII
SERVICER DEFAULT
Section 7.01 SERVICER DEFAULT. If any one of the following events (a “Servicer Default”) occurs and is continuing:
(a) any failure by the Servicer to remit to the Collection Account, on behalf of the Issuer, any required remittance by the date that such remittance must be made that continues unremedied for a period of five Servicer Business Days after the date on which written notice thereof shall have been given to the Servicer and the LPSC by the Issuer or the Trustee;
(b) any failure by the Servicer to duly observe or perform in any material respect any other covenant or agreement of the Servicer set forth in this Agreement (other than as provided in Section 7.01(a) or (c)) or any other Basic Document to which it is a party in such capacity, which failure
(i) materially and adversely affects the Storm Recovery Property or the timely collection of the Storm Recovery Charges or the rights of the Storm Recovery Bondholders, and
(ii) continues unremedied for a period of 60 days after the date on which written notice thereof shall have been given to the Servicer by the Trustee, the LPSC (with a copy to the Trustee) or the Issuer or after discovery of such failure by an officer of the Servicer, as the case may be;
(c) any failure by the Servicer duly to perform its obligations under Section 4.01(b) of this Agreement in the time and manner set forth therein, which failure continues unremedied for a period of five Servicer Business Days;
(d) any representation or warranty made by the Servicer in this Agreement or any other Basic Document proves to have been incorrect when made, which has a material adverse effect on the Issuer or the Storm Recovery Bondholders, and which material adverse effect continues unremedied for a period of 60 days after the date on which written notice thereof shall have been given to the Servicer by the Issuer (with a copy to the Trustee) or the Trustee or after discovery of such failure by an officer of the Servicer, as the case may be; or
(e) an Insolvency Event occurs with respect to the Servicer;
then, so long as the Servicer Default shall not have been remedied, the Trustee shall upon the written instruction of the Majority Holders and with the Issuer’s prior written consent (which shall not be unreasonably withheld), terminate all the rights and obligations (other than the indemnification obligations set forth in Section 6.02 hereof and the obligation under Section 7.04 to continue performing its functions as Servicer until a Successor Servicer is appointed) of the Servicer under this Agreement by notice then given in writing to the Servicer (a “Termination Notice”).
In addition, upon a Servicer Default, the Storm Recovery Bondholders and the Trustee shall be entitled to (i) apply to the 19th Judicial District Court for the Parish of East Baton Rouge, Louisiana, for sequestration and payment to the Trustee of revenues arising with respect to the Storm Recovery Property, (ii) foreclose on or otherwise enforce the Lien on and security interests in the Storm Recovery Property and (iii) apply to the LPSC for an order that amounts arising from the Storm Recovery Charges be transferred to a separate account for the benefit of the Storm Recovery Bondholders, in accordance with the Securitization Act.
On or after the receipt by the Servicer of a Termination Notice, all authority and power of the Servicer under this Agreement, whether with respect to the Storm Recovery Property, the related Storm Recovery Charges or otherwise, shall, upon appointment of a Successor Servicer pursuant to Section 7.04, without further action, pass to and be vested in such Successor Servicer and, without limitation, the Trustee is hereby authorized and empowered to execute and deliver, on behalf of the predecessor Servicer, as attorney-in-fact or otherwise, any and all documents and other instruments, and to do or accomplish all other acts or things necessary or appropriate to effect the purposes of such Termination Notice, whether to complete the transfer of the Storm Recovery Property Documentation and related documents, or otherwise. The predecessor Servicer shall cooperate with the Successor Servicer, the Trustee and the Issuer in effecting the termination of the responsibilities and rights of the predecessor Servicer under this Agreement, including the transfer to the Successor Servicer for administration by it of all cash amounts that shall at the time be held by the predecessor Servicer for remittance, or shall thereafter be received by it with respect to the Storm Recovery Property or the related Storm Recovery Charges. As soon as practicable after receipt by the Servicer of such Termination Notice, the Servicer shall deliver the Storm Recovery Property Documentation to the Successor Servicer. All reasonable costs and expenses (including attorneys’ fees and expenses) incurred in connection with transferring the Storm Recovery Property Documentation to the Successor Servicer and amending this Agreement to reflect such succession as Servicer pursuant to this Section shall be paid by the predecessor Servicer upon presentation of documentation of such costs and expenses. All costs and expenses (including attorneys’ fees and expenses) incurred in connection with transferring the Storm Recovery Property Documentation to the Successor Servicer and amending this Agreement to reflect the succession as Servicer other than pursuant to this Section shall be paid by the party incurring such costs and expenses. Termination of Cleco Power’s rights as a Servicer shall not terminate Cleco Power’s rights or obligations in its individual capacity under the Sale Agreement (except rights thereunder deriving from its rights as the Servicer hereunder).
Section 7.02 NOTICE OF SERVICER DEFAULT. The Servicer shall deliver to the Issuer, to the Trustee, to the LPSC, and to each Rating Agency promptly after having obtained actual knowledge thereof, but in no event later than two Servicer Business Days thereafter, written notice in an Officers’ Certificate of any event or circumstance which, with the giving of notice or the passage of time, would become a Servicer Default under Section 7.01.
Section 7.03 WAIVER OF PAST DEFAULTS. The Trustee, with the written consent of the Majority Holders, may waive in writing in whole or in part any default by the Servicer in the performance of its obligations hereunder and its consequences, except a default in making any required remittances to the Trustee of SRC Collections from Storm Recovery Property in accordance with Section 6.12 of this Agreement. Upon any such waiver of a past default, such default shall cease to exist, and any Servicer Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been remedied for every purpose of this Agreement. No such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other default or impair any right consequent thereto.
Section 7.04 APPOINTMENT OF SUCCESSOR.
(a) Upon the Servicer’s receipt of a Termination Notice pursuant to Section 7.01 or the Servicer’s resignation or removal in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the Servicer shall continue to perform its functions as Servicer under this Agreement and shall be entitled to receive the requisite portion of the Servicing Fee and expenses reimbursement, until a Successor Servicer shall have assumed in writing the obligations of the Servicer hereunder as described below. In the event of the Servicer’s removal or resignation hereunder, the Trustee at the written direction and with the consent of the Majority Holders shall appoint a Successor Servicer with the Issuer’s prior written consent thereto (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld), and the Successor Servicer shall accept its appointment by a written assumption in form acceptable to the Issuer and the Trustee and provide prompt written notice of such assumption to the Rating Agencies. In no event shall the Trustee be liable for its appointment of a Successor Servicer appointed at the written direction of the Majority Holders. If, within 30 days after the delivery of the Termination Notice, a new Servicer shall not have been appointed and accepted such appointment, the Trustee may petition the LPSC or a court of competent jurisdiction to appoint a Successor Servicer under this Agreement. A Person shall qualify as a Successor Servicer only if:
(i) such Person is permitted under LPSC Regulations to perform the duties of the Servicer pursuant to the Securitization Act, the Financing Order and this Agreement,
(ii) either (A) the LPSC has approved the appointment of the Successor Servicer or (B) 45 days have lapsed since the LPSC received notice of appointment of the Successor Servicer and the LPSC has neither approved nor disapproved that appointment,
(iii) the Rating Agency Condition shall have been satisfied, and
(iv) such Person enters into a servicing agreement with the Issuer having substantially the same provisions as this Agreement.
(b) Upon appointment, the Successor Servicer shall be the successor in all respects to the predecessor Servicer under this Agreement and shall be subject to all the responsibilities, duties and liabilities arising thereafter relating thereto placed on the predecessor Servicer and shall be entitled to the Servicing Fee and expenses reimbursement and all the rights granted to the predecessor Servicer by the terms and provisions of this Agreement.
(c) The Successor Servicer may not resign unless it is prohibited from serving as Servicer pursuant to this Agreement by law.
Section 7.05 COOPERATION WITH SUCCESSOR. The predecessor Servicer covenants and agrees with the Issuer that it will, on an ongoing basis, cooperate with the Issuer and Successor Servicer and provide whatever information is, and take whatever actions are, reasonably necessary to assist the Successor Servicer in performing its obligations hereunder.
ARTICLE VIII
MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
Section 8.01 AMENDMENT.
(a) This Agreement may be amended by the Servicer and the Issuer, with the prior written consent of the Trustee and the satisfaction of the Rating Agency Condition; provided, however, that no amendment that would increase the ongoing financing costs, as defined in the Financing Order, shall be permitted without the prior approval of the LPSC under Section 8.12. Promptly after the execution of any such amendment or consent, the Issuer shall furnish written notification of the substance of such amendment or consent to each of the Rating Agencies.
(b) Notwithstanding Section 8.01(a) or anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the Servicer and the Issuer may amend the Issuer Annex in writing with prior written notice given to the Trustee and the Rating Agencies, but without the consent of the Trustee, any Rating Agency or any Holder, solely to address changes to the Servicer’s method of calculating SRC Collections as a result of changes to the Servicer’s current computerized Customer information system; provided that any such amendment shall not have a material adverse effect on the Holders of then Outstanding Storm Recovery Bonds.
Prior to the execution of any amendment to this Agreement, the Issuer and the Trustee shall be entitled to receive and conclusively rely upon an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such amendment is authorized or permitted by this Agreement and all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Agreement relating to such amendment have been satisfied upon the Opinion of Counsel referred to in Section 3.01. The Issuer and the Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to, enter into any such amendment which affects their own rights, duties or immunities under this Agreement or otherwise. Notwithstanding Section 8.01(a) or anything to the contrary in this Agreement, this Agreement shall be amended automatically to comply with changes in law.
Section 8.02 NOTICES. All demands, notices and communications upon or to the Servicer, the Issuer, the LPSC, the Trustee or the Rating Agencies under this Agreement shall be in writing, delivered personally, via facsimile, by reputable overnight courier or by certified mail, return-receipt requested, and shall be deemed to have been duly given upon receipt
(a) in the case of the Servicer, to Cleco Power LLC, 2030 Donahue Ferry Road, Pineville, Louisiana 71360-5226, Attention: Treasurer;
(b) in the case of the Issuer, to Cleco Securitization I LLC, 505 Cleco Drive Office Number 16, Pineville, Louisiana 71360-5226, Attention: Manager;
(c) in the case of the Trustee, at its Corporate Trust Office;
(d) in the case of Moody’s, to Moody’s Investors Service, Inc., ABS/RMBS Monitoring Department, 25th Floor, 7 World Trade Center, 250 Greenwich Street, New York, New York 10007, Email: ServicerReports@moodys.com (all such notices to be delivered to Moody’s in writing by email);
(e) in the case of S&P, to Standard & Poor’s Ratings Group, Inc., Structured Credit Surveillance, 55 Water Street, New York, New York 10041, Telephone: (212) 438-8991, Email: servicer_reports@spglobal.com (all such notices to be delivered to S&P in writing by email); and
(f) in the case of Fitch, to Fitch, Ratings, Inc., 300 West 57th Street, New York, New York 10019, Attention: ABS Surveillance, Telephone: (212) 908-0500;
(g) in the case of the Louisiana Commission, to Galvez Building, 12th Floor, 602 North Fifth Street, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70802, Attention: Executive Secretary;
or, as to each of the foregoing, at such other address as shall be designated by written notice to the other parties.
Section 8.03 ASSIGNMENT. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, except as provided in Sections 6.03 and 6.04 and as provided in the provisions of this Agreement concerning the resignation or termination of the Servicer, this Agreement may not be assigned by the Servicer. Any purported assignment not in compliance with this Agreement shall be void.
Section 8.04 LIMITATIONS ON RIGHTS OF OTHERS. The provisions of this Agreement are solely for the benefit of the Servicer, the Issuer and, to the extent provided herein or in the other Basic Documents, Customers and the other Persons expressly referred to herein and the Trustee, on behalf of itself and the Storm Recovery Bondholders, and nothing in this Agreement, whether express or implied, shall be construed to give to any other Person any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim in the Storm Recovery Property and other amounts in Trust Estate or under or in respect of this Agreement or any covenants, conditions or provisions contained herein. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, for the avoidance of doubt, any right, remedy or claim to which any Customer may be entitled pursuant to the Financing Order and this Agreement may be asserted or exercised only by the LPSC (or by the Attorney General of the State of Louisiana in the name of the LPSC) for the benefit of such Customer.
Section 8.05 SEVERABILITY. Any provision, or portion thereof, of this Agreement that is prohibited or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or unenforceability without invalidating the remainder of such provision (if any) or the remaining provisions hereof (unless such a construction shall be unreasonable), and any such prohibition or unenforceability in any jurisdiction shall not invalidate or render unenforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction.
Section 8.06 SEPARATE COUNTERPARTS. This Agreement may be executed by the parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when so executed and delivered shall be an original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument.
Section 8.07 HEADINGS. The headings of the various Articles and Sections herein are for convenience of reference only and shall not define or limit any of the terms or provisions hereof.
Section 8.08 GOVERNING LAW. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF LOUISIANA, WITHOUT REFERENCE TO ITS CONFLICT OF LAW PROVISIONS, AND THE OBLIGATIONS, RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER SHALL BE DETERMINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SUCH LAWS.
Section 8.09 PLEDGE TO THE TRUSTEE. The Servicer hereby acknowledges and consents to any pledge, assignment and grant of a security interest by the Issuer to the Trustee pursuant to the Indenture for the benefit of any Storm Recovery Bondholders of all right, title and interest of the Issuer in, to and under the Storm Recovery Property owned by the Issuer and the proceeds thereof and the pledge of any or all of the Issuer’s rights hereunder to the Trustee. Notwithstanding such assignment, in no event shall the Trustee have any liability for the representations, warranties, covenants, agreements or other obligations of the Issuer, hereunder or in any of the certificates, notices or agreements delivered pursuant hereto, as to all of which any recourse shall be had solely to the assets of the Issuer.
Section 8.10 NONPETITION COVENANTS. Notwithstanding any prior termination of this Agreement or the Indenture, but subject to a court’s rights to order the sequestration and payment of revenues arising with respect to the Storm Recovery Property pursuant to Section 1229(F) of the Securitization Act, the Servicer shall not, prior to the date which is one year and one day after the termination of the Indenture, petition or otherwise invoke or cause the Issuer to invoke the process of any Governmental Authority for the purpose of commencing or sustaining a case against the Issuer under any federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, custodian, sequestrator or other similar official of the Issuer or any substantial part of the property of the Issuer, or ordering the winding up or liquidation of the affairs of the Issuer.
Section 8.11 TERMINATION. This Agreement shall terminate when all Storm Recovery Bonds and related financing costs have been retired or redeemed in full and the funds relating thereto have been fully accounted for.
Section 8.12 LPSC CONSENT. Except as specifically set forth in Section 7.04, to the extent the consent of the LPSC is required to effect any amendment to or modification of this Agreement or any provision of this Agreement,
(a) the Servicer may request the consent of the LPSC by delivering to the LPSC’s executive director and general counsel a written request for such consent, which request shall contain:
(i) a reference to Docket No. U-35807 and a statement as to the possible effect of the amendment on ongoing financing costs;
(ii) an Officers’ Certificate stating that the proposed amendment or modification has been approved by all parties to this Agreement; and
(iii) a statement identifying the person to whom the LPSC or its staff is to address its consent to the proposed amendment or modification or request additional time;
(b) The LPSC shall, within 30 days of receiving the request for consent complying with Section 8.12(a) above, either
(i) provide notice of its consent or its order denying consent to the person specified in Section 8.12(a)(iii) above, or
(ii) be conclusively deemed, on the 31st day after receiving the request for consent, to have consented to the proposed amendment or modification.
Any amendment or modification requiring the consent of the LPSC as provided in this Section 8.12 shall become effective on the later of (i) the date proposed by the parties to such amendment or modification and (ii) the first day after the expiration of the 30-day period provided for in Section 8.12(b)(ii).
Following the delivery of a notice to the LPSC by the Servicer under Section 8.12(a), the Servicer and the Issuer shall have the right at any time to withdraw from the LPSC further consideration of any notification of a proposed amendment. Such withdrawal shall be evidenced by the Servicer’s giving prompt written notice thereof to the LPSC, the Issuer and the Trustee.
Section 8.13 LIMITATION OF LIABILITY. It is expressly understood and agreed by the parties hereto that this Agreement is executed and delivered by the Trustee, not individually or personally but solely as Trustee in the exercise of the powers and authority conferred and vested in it, and that the Trustee, in acting hereunder, is entitled to all rights, benefits, protections, immunities and indemnities accorded to it under the Indenture.
Section 8.14 RULE 17g-5 COMPLIANCE. The Servicer agrees that any notice, report, request for satisfaction of the Rating Agency Condition, document or other information provided by the Servicer to any Rating Agency under this Agreement or any other Basic Document to which it is a party for the purpose of determining the initial credit rating of the Storm Recovery Bonds or undertaking credit rating surveillance of the Storm Recovery Bonds with any Rating Agency, or satisfy the Rating Agency Condition, shall be substantially concurrently posted by the Servicer on the 17g-5 Website.
Section 8.15 TRUSTEE ACTIONS. In acting hereunder, the Trustee shall have the rights, privileges, protections, indemnities and immunities granted to it under the Indenture.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed by their respective officers as of the day and year first above written.
CLECO SECURITIZATION I LLC | ||
as Issuer, | ||
By: | /s/ William G. Fontenot |
|
Name: William G. Fontenot
Title: President
|
CLECO POWER LLC, |
||
as Servicer, | ||
By: | /s/ William G. Fontenot |
|
Name: William G. Fontenot
Title: President
|
Acknowledged and Accepted:
The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, National Association,
not in its individual capacity but solely as
Trustee on behalf of the Holders
of the Storm Recovery Bonds
By: | /s/ Linda Wirfel |
|
Name: Linda Wirfel |
||
Title: Vice President |
Signature Page to Storm Recovery Property Servicing Agreement
SCHEDULE A
TO
STORM RECOVERY PROPERTY SERVICING AGREEMENT
Proceedings pending or, to the Servicer’s best knowledge, threatened before any court, federal or State regulatory body, administrative agency or other governmental instrumentality having jurisdiction over the Servicer or its properties seeking any determination or ruling that might materially and adversely affect the Storm Recovery Property or the performance by the Servicer of its obligations under, or the validity or enforceability against the Servicer of, this Agreement:
None
EXHIBIT A
FORM OF MONTHLY SERVICER’S CERTIFICATE
MONTHLY SERVICER’S CERTIFICATE
Pursuant to Section 3.01(b) of the Storm Recovery Property Servicing Agreement dated as of June 22, 2022 by and between Cleco Power LLC, as Servicer, and Cleco Securitization I LLC, as Issuer (the “Servicing Agreement”), the Servicer does hereby certify as follows:
Capitalized terms used but not defined in this Monthly Servicer’s Certificate have their respective meanings as set forth in the Servicing Agreement. References herein to certain sections and subsections are references to the respective sections or subsections of the Servicing Agreement.
Beginning of Billing Period: __________
End of Billing Period: __________
Rate Class | a. SRCAs in Effect | b. SRCAs Billed1 | c. Estimated SRCA Collections Deemed Received2 | d. Estimated SRCA Collections Remitted3 |
Residential | ||||
General Non-Demand | ||||
General Secondary | ||||
General Primary | ||||
School & Church Non-Demand | ||||
School & Church Demand | ||||
Municipal | ||||
Large Power | ||||
Standby Power Subscription |
||||
Standby Power Back-up |
||||
Standby Power Maintenance |
||||
Unmetered and OLS (Outdoor Lighting Service) |
||||
Total |
1 Storm restoration charges billed during the period.
2 Estimated storm restoration charge collections deemed received based on weighted average balance of days outstanding and prior year write-off experience.
3 Estimated storm restoration charge collections remitted (i.e., estimated storm restoration charges remitted daily, but no later than two Servicer business days of deemed collection date).
CLECO POWER LLC, as Servicer | ||
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: |
cc: CLECO SECURITIZATION I LLC
EXHIBIT B
FORM OF SEMI-ANNUAL SERVICER’S CERTIFICATE
Pursuant to Section 4.01(g)(i) of the Storm Recovery Property Servicing Agreement, dated as of June 22, 2022 (the “Servicing Agreement”), between CLECO POWER LLC, as servicer and CLECO SECURITIZATION I LLC, the Servicer does hereby certify, for the , 20 Payment Date (the “Current Payment Date”), as follows:
(a) Capitalized terms used herein have their respective meanings as set forth in the Servicing Agreement or the Indenture. References herein to certain sections and subsections are references to the respective sections of the Servicing Agreement or the Indenture, as the context indicates.
(i) Allocation of collections as of Current Payment Date allocable to principal and interest:
a. Principal
Aggregate | ||
i. | Tranche A-1 | |
ii. | Tranche A-2 | |
iii. | Total: |
b. Interest
Aggregate | ||
i. | Tranche A-1 | |
ii. | Tranche A-2 | |
iii. | Total: |
(b) Outstanding Amount of Bonds prior to, and after giving effect to the payment on the current Payment Date and the difference, if any, between the Outstanding Amount specified in the Expected Amortization Schedule (after giving effect to payments to be made on such Payment Date under 1a above) and the principal balance to be Outstanding (following payment on current Payment Date):
(i) Principal Balance Outstanding (as of the date of this certification):
i. | Tranche A-1 | |
ii. | Tranche A-2 | |
iii. | Total: |
(ii) Principal Balance to be Outstanding (following payment on current Payment Date):
i. | Tranche A-1 | |
ii. | Tranche A-2 | |
iii. | Total: |
(iii) Difference between (b) above and Outstanding Amount specified in Expected Amortization Schedule:
i. | Tranche A-1 | |
ii. | Tranche A-2 | |
iii. | Total: |
(c) All other transfers to be made on the current Payment Date, including amounts to be paid to the Trustee and to the Servicer:
(i) Operating Expenses
i. | Trustee Fees and Expenses: | |
ii. | Servicing Fee: | |
iii. | Administration Fee: | |
iv. | Independent Manager Fee: | |
v. | Other Operating Expenses: | |
vi. | Total: |
(ii) Other Payments
i. | Operating Expenses (payable pursuant to Section 8.02(e)(iv) of the Indenture): | |
ii. | Funding of Capital Subaccount (to required amount): | |
iii. | Return on Capital Subaccount payable to Cleco Securitization I LLC from investment earnings on the capital subaccount not to exceed 4.646% per annum: |
iv. | Operating Expenses and Indemnity Amounts payable pursuant to Section 8.02(e)(viii) of the Indenture: | |
v. | Deposits to Excess Funds Subaccount (including the portion, if any, of investment earnings on the Capital Subaccount in excess of the amounts payable under (iii)): | |
vi. | Total: |
(d) Estimated amounts on deposit in the Capital Subaccount and Excess Funds Subaccount after giving effect to the foregoing payments:
(i) Capital Subaccount
i. | Total: |
(ii) Excess Funds Subaccount
i. | Total: |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has duly executed and delivered this Semi-Annual Servicer’s Certificate this day of .
CLECO POWER LLC, as Servicer
|
|
By: Name: Title: |
EXHIBIT C-1
FORM OF SERVICER’S ANNUAL COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATE
The undersigned hereby certifies that he/she is the duly elected and acting [ ] of CLECO POWER LLC, as servicer (the “Servicer”) under the Storm Recovery Property Servicing Agreement dated as of June 22, 2022 (the “Servicing Agreement”) between the Servicer and CLECO SECURITIZATION I LLC (the “Issuer”) and further that:
1. The undersigned is responsible for assessing the Servicer’s compliance with the servicing criteria set forth in Item 1122(d) of Regulation AB (the “Servicing Criteria”).
2. With respect to each of the Servicing Criteria, the undersigned has made the following assessment of the Servicing Criteria in accordance with Item 1122(d) of Regulation AB, with such discussion regarding the performance of such Servicing Criteria during the fiscal year ended December 31, , and covered by Cleco Power’s annual report on Form 10-K (such fiscal year, the “Assessment Period”):
Regulation AB Reference |
Servicing Criteria |
Applicable Servicing Criteria |
General Servicing Considerations | ||
1122(d)(1)(i) | Policies and procedures are instituted to monitor any performance or other triggers and events of default in accordance with the transaction agreements. | Applicable; assessment below. |
1122(d)(1)(ii) | If any material servicing activities are outsourced to third parties, policies and procedures are instituted to monitor the third party’s performance and compliance with such servicing activities. | Not applicable; no servicing activities were outsourced. |
1122(d)(1)(iii) | Any requirements in the transaction agreements to maintain a back-up servicer for pool assets are maintained. | Not applicable; documents do not provide for a back-up servicer. |
1122(d)(1)(iv) | A fidelity bond and errors and omissions policy is in effect on the party participating in the servicing function throughout the reporting period in the amount of coverage required by and otherwise in accordance with the terms of the transaction agreements. | Not applicable; LPSC rules impose credit standards on retail electric providers who handle customer collections and govern performance requirements of utilities. |
1122(d)(1)(v) | Aggregation of information, as applicable, is mathematically accurate and the information conveyed accurately reflects the information | Applicable |
Cash Collection and Administration | ||
1122(d)(2)(i) | Payments on pool assets are deposited into the appropriate custodial bank accounts and related bank clearing accounts no more than two business days of receipt, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements. | Applicable |
1122(d)(3)(ii) | Amounts due to investors are allocated and remitted in accordance with timeframes, distribution priority and other terms set forth in the transaction agreements. | Not applicable; investor records maintained by the Trustee.. |
1122(d)(3)(iii) | Disbursements made to an investor are posted within two business days to the Servicer’s investor records, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements. | Applicable |
1122(d)(3)(iv) | Amounts remitted to investors per the investor reports agree with cancelled checks, or other form of payment, or custodial bank statements. | Applicable; assessment below. |
Pool Asset Administration | ||
1122(d)(4)(i) | Collateral or security on pool assets is maintained as required by the transaction agreements or related pool asset documents. | Applicable; assessment below. |
1122(d)(4)(ii) | Pool assets and related documents are safeguarded as required by the transaction agreements. | Applicable; assessment below. |
1122(d)(4)(iii) | Any additions, removals or substitutions to the asset pool are made, reviewed and approved in accordance with any conditions or requirements in the transaction agreements. | Not applicable; no removals or substitutions of Storm Recovery property are contemplated or allowed under the transaction documents. |
1122(d)(4)(iv) | Payments on pool assets, including any payoffs, made in accordance with the related pool asset documents are posted to the Servicer’s obligor records maintained no more than two business days after receipt, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements, and allocated to principal, interest or other items (e.g., escrow) in accordance with the related pool asset documents. | Applicable; assessment below. |
1122(d)(4)(v) | The Servicer’s records regarding the pool assets agree with the Servicer’s records with respect to an obligor’s unpaid principal balance. | Not applicable; because underlying obligation (Storm Recovery charge) is not an interest bearing instrument |
1122(d)(4)(vi) | Changes with respect to the terms or status of an obligor’s pool asset (e.g., loan modifications or re-agings) are made, reviewed and approved by authorized personnel in accordance with the transaction agreements and related pool asset documents. | Applicable; assessment below |
1122(d)(4)(vii) | Loss mitigation or recovery actions (e.g., forbearance plans, modifications and deeds in lieu of foreclosure, foreclosures and repossessions, as applicable) are initiated, conducted and concluded in accordance with the timeframes or other requirements established by the transaction agreements. | Applicable; limited assessment below. Servicer actions governed by LPSC regulations. |
1122(d)(4)(viii) | Records documenting collection efforts are maintained during the period pool asset is delinquent in accordance with the transaction agreements. Such records are maintained on at least a monthly basis, or such other period specified in the transaction agreements, and describe the entity’s activities in monitoring delinquent pool assets including, for example, phone calls, letters and payment rescheduling plans in cases where delinquency is deemed temporary (e.g., illness or unemployment). | Applicable, but does not require assessment since no explicit documentation requirement with respect to delinquent accounts are imposed under the transactional documents due to availability of “true-up” mechanism. |
1122(d)(4)(ix) | Adjustments to interest rates or rates of return for pool assets with variable rates are computed based on the related pool asset documents. | Not applicable; Storm Recovery charges are not interest bearing instruments. |
1122(d)(4)(x) | Regarding any funds held in trust for an obligor (such as escrow accounts): (A) such funds are analyzed, in accordance with the obligor’s pool asset documents, on at least an annual basis, or such other period specified in the transaction agreements; (B) interest on such funds is paid, or credited, to obligors in accordance with applicable pool asset documents and state laws; and (C) such funds are returned to the obligor within 30 calendar days of full repayment of the related pool assets, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements. | Not Applicable; Servicer does not maintain deposit accounts for obligors. |
1122(d)(4)(xi) | Payments made on behalf of an obligor (such as tax or insurance payments) are made on or before the related penalty or expiration dates, as indicated on the appropriate bills or notices for such payments, provided that such support has been received by the Servicer at least 30 calendar days prior to these dates, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements. | Not applicable; Servicer does not make payments on behalf of obligors. |
1122(d)(4)(xii) | Any late payment penalties in connection with any payment to be made on behalf of an obligor are paid from the Servicer’s funds and not charged to the obligor unless the late payment was due to the obligor’s error or omission. | Not applicable; Servicer cannot make advances of its own funds on behalf of customers under the transaction documents. |
1122(d)(4)(xiii) | Disbursements made on behalf of an obligor are posted within two business days to the obligor’s records maintained by the Servicer, or such other number of days specified in the transaction agreements. | Not applicable; Servicer cannot make advances of its own funds on behalf of customers to pay principal or interest on the bonds. |
1122(d)(4)(xiv) | Delinquencies, charge-offs and uncollectible accounts are recognized and recorded in accordance with the transaction agreements. | Applicable; assessment below. |
1122(d)(4)(xv) | Any external enhancement or other support, identified in Item 1114(a)(1) through (3) or Item 1115 of Regulation AB, is maintained as set forth in the transaction agreements. | Not applicable; no external enhancement is required under the transaction documents. |
3. To the best of the undersigned’s knowledge, based on such review, the Servicer is in compliance in all material respects with the applicable servicing criteria set forth above as of and for the period ending the end of the fiscal year ended , and covered by Cleco Power’s annual report on Form 10-K. [If not true, include description of any material instance of noncompliance.]
4. A registered independent public accounting firm has issued to us an attestation report in accordance with Section 1122(b) of Regulation AB on its assessment of compliance with the applicable servicing criteria as of and for the period ending the end of the fiscal year ended December 31, , and covered by Cleco Power’s annual report on Form 10-K.
Executed as of this day of , .
CLECO POWER LLC |
||
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: |
EXHIBIT C-2
FORM OF CERTIFICATE OF COMPLIANCE
The undersigned hereby certifies that he/she is the duly elected and acting [ ] of Cleco Power LLC as servicer (the “Servicer”) under the Storm Recovery Property Servicing Agreement dated as of June 22, 2022 (the “Servicing Agreement”) between the Servicer and Cleco Securitization I LLC (the “Issuer”) and further that:
1. A review of the activities of the Servicer and of its performance under the Servicing Agreement during the twelve months ended December 31, 20__ has been made under the supervision of the undersigned pursuant to Section 3.03 of the Servicing Agreement; and
2. To the best of the undersigned’s knowledge, based on such review, the Servicer has fulfilled all of its obligations in all material respects under the Servicing Agreement throughout the twelve months ended December 31, 20__, except as set forth on Annex A hereto.
Executed as of this day of ,
CLECO POWER LLC |
||
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: |
ANNEX A
to Certificate of Compliance
LIST OF SERVICER DEFAULTS
The following Servicer Defaults, or events which with the giving of notice, the lapse of time, or both, would become Servicer Defaults known to the undersigned occurred during the year ended December 31, 20__:
Nature of Default | Status | |
ANNEX 1
TO
STORM RECOVERY PROPERTY SERVICING AGREEMENT
SERVICING PROCEDURES
1. Definitions.
Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to such terms in the Storm Recovery Property Servicing Agreement (the “Agreement”).
2. Data Acquisition.
a. Installation and Maintenance of Meters. The Servicer shall cause to be installed, replaced and maintained meters in such places and in such condition as will enable the Servicer to obtain customer usage measurements consistent with its customary procedures and practices.
b. Meter Reading. The Servicer shall obtain usage measurements for each Customer, either directly or if applicable, from the Applicable MDMA consistent with its customary procedures and practices; provided, however, that the Servicer may estimate any Customer’s usage determined in accordance with applicable LPSC Regulations.
c. Cost of Metering. The Issuer shall not be obligated to pay any costs associated with the routine metering duties set forth in this Section 2, including the costs of installing, replacing and maintaining meters, nor shall the Issuer be entitled to any credit against the Servicing Fee for any cost savings realized by the Servicer as a result of new metering and/or billing technologies.
3. Usage and Bill Calculation.
The Servicer (a) shall obtain a calculation of each Customer’s usage (which may be based on data obtained from such Customer’s meter read or on usage estimates determined in accordance with applicable LPSC Regulations) in accordance with the Servicer’s customary procedures and practices and shall determine therefrom each Customer’s individual Storm Recovery Charges to be included on Bills issued by it to such Customer.
4. Billing.
The Servicer shall implement the Storm Recovery Charges at least forty-five (45) days after the closing date in accordance with the Financing Order and shall thereafter bill each Customer for the respective Customer’s outstanding current and past due Storm Recovery Charges accruing through the date on which such Storm Recovery Charges may no longer be billed under the Rate Schedule, all in accordance with the following:
a. Frequency of Bills; Billing Practices. In accordance with the Servicer’s then-existing policies and practices for its own charges, as such policies and practices may be modified from time to time, the Servicer shall generate and issue a Bill to each Customer, for such Customers’ Storm Recovery Charges once every applicable Billing Period, at the same time, with the same frequency and on the same Bill as that containing the Servicer’s own charges to such Customers. In the event that the Servicer makes any material modification to these practices, it shall notify the Issuer, the Trustee, and the Rating Agencies as soon as practicable, and in no event later than 30 Servicer Business Days after such modification goes into effect; provided, however, that the Servicer may not make any modification that will materially adversely affect the Holders. The initial Storm Recovery Charges shall be billed commencing on the first day of the first Billing Period of the first Cleco revenue month that begins at least forty-five (45) days after the date of issuance of the Storm Recovery Bonds.
b. Format.
i. Each Bill issued by the Servicer shall contain the charge corresponding to the respective Storm Recovery Charges owed by such Customer for the applicable Billing Period. The Storm Recovery Charges shall be separately identified as required by and in accordance with the terms of the Financing Order and Rate Schedule. The Servicer shall provide Customers with the annual notice required by Section 4.01(g)(ii)(B) of the Agreement.
ii. The Servicer shall conform to such requirements in respect of the format, structure and text of Bills delivered to Customers in accordance with, if applicable, the Financing Order, Rate Schedules, other applicable tariffs and any other LPSC Regulations and any agreement with the LPSC staff. To the extent that Bill format, structure and text are not prescribed by applicable LPSC Regulations or Rate Schedules, the Servicer shall, subject to clause (i) above, determine the format, structure and text of all Bills in accordance with its reasonable business judgment, its Servicer policies and practices with respect to its own charges and prevailing industry standards.
c. Delivery. The Servicer shall deliver all Bills issued by it (i) by United States mail in such class or classes as are consistent with the policies and practices followed by the Servicer with respect to its own charges to its customers or (ii) by any other means, whether electronic or otherwise, that the Servicer may from time to time use to present its own charges to its customers. The Servicer shall pay from its own funds all costs of issuance and delivery of all Bills, including but not limited to printing and postage costs as the same may increase or decrease from time to time.
5. Customer Service Functions.
The Servicer shall handle all Customer inquiries and other Customer service matters according to the same procedures it uses to service Customers with respect to its own charges.
6. Collections; Payment Processing; Remittance.
a. Collection Efforts, Policies, Procedures.
i. The Servicer shall use reasonable efforts to collect all Billed SRCs from Customers as and when the same become due and shall follow such collection procedures as it follows with respect to comparable assets that it services for itself or others, including with respect to the following:
A. The Servicer shall prepare and deliver overdue notices to Customers in accordance with applicable LPSC Regulations and Servicer Policies and Practices.
B. The Servicer shall apply late payment charges to outstanding Customer balances in accordance with applicable LPSC Regulations and as required by the Financing Order.
C. The Servicer shall deliver verbal and written final notices of delinquency and possible disconnection in accordance with applicable LPSC Regulations and Servicer Policies and Practices.
D. The Servicer shall adhere to and carry out disconnection policies in accordance with the Financing Orders, applicable LPSC Regulations and Servicer Policies and Practices.
E. The Servicer may employ the assistance of collection agents to collect any past-due Storm Recovery Charges in accordance with Servicer Policies and Practices, applicable LPSC Regulations and applicable tariffs.
F. The Servicer shall apply Customer deposits to the payment of delinquent accounts in accordance with applicable LPSC Regulations and Servicer Policies and Practices and according to the priorities set forth in Sections 6(b)(ii), (iii), (iv) and (v) of this Annex I.
ii. The Servicer shall not waive any late payment charge or any other fee or charge relating to delinquent payments, if any, or waive, vary or modify any terms of payment of any amounts payable by a Customer, in each case unless such waiver or action: (A) would be in accordance with the Servicer’s customary practices or those of any successor Servicer with respect to comparable assets that it services for itself and for others; (B) would not materially adversely affect the rights of the Holders; and (C) would comply with applicable law; provided, however, that notwithstanding anything in the Agreement or this Annex I to the contrary, the Servicer is authorized to write off any Billed SRCs, in accordance with Servicer Policies and Practices, that have remained outstanding for one hundred eighty (180) days or more.
iii. The Servicer shall accept payment from Customers in respect of Billed SRCs in such forms and methods and at such times and places as it accepts for payment of its own charges in accordance with, if applicable, the Financing Order, Rate Schedule, other applicable tariffs, other LPSC Regulations and Servicer Policies and Practices.
b. Payment Processing; Allocation; Priority of Payments.
i. The Servicer shall post all payments received to Customer accounts as promptly as practicable, and, in any event, substantially all payments shall be posted no later than three (3) Servicer Business Days after receipt.
ii. If any Customer does not pay the full amount of any Bill to the Servicer, the amount paid by the Customer will be applied to all charges on the Bill, including without limitation electric service charges and all Storm Recovery Charges (under the Financing Order or future LPSC orders) and all similar securitization charges, based, as to a Bill with charges covering more than one month, on the chronological order of billing, and, as to those charges with the same billing date, pro-rata. In addition, such partial collections representing Storm Recovery Charges and any other similar securitization charges shall be allocated among all such securitization bonds pro-rata based upon the amounts billed with respect to each issuance of securitization bonds, provided that late fees and charges may be allocated to the Servicer as provided in the Rate Schedule.
iii. The Servicer shall apply payments received to each Customer’s account in proportion to the charges contained on the outstanding Bill to such Customer. Any amounts collected by the Servicer that represent partial payments of the total Bill to a Customer shall be allocated as follows: (A) first to amounts owed to the Issuer, Cleco Power and any other Affiliate of Cleco Power which is owed “Storm Recovery Charges” as defined in the Securitization Law (excluding any late fees and interest charges), regardless of age, pro rata in proportion to their respective percentages of the total amount of their combined outstanding charges on such Bill; then (B) all late charges shall be allocated to the Servicer; provided that penalty payments owed on late payments of Storm Recovery Charges shall be allocated to the Issuer in accordance with the terms of the Rate Schedules. If more than one series of Storm Recovery Bonds is outstanding, the Servicer shall allocate amounts owed to the Issuer ratably based on the total amount of Storm Recovery Charges on such bill which were billed in respect of each such series. It is understood that such allocations may be made on a delayed basis in accordance with the reconciliations described in Section 6(e) of this Annex I.
iv. The Servicer shall hold all over-payments for the benefit of the Issuer and Cleco Power and shall apply such funds to future Bill charges in accordance with clauses (ii) and (iii) (as applicable) as such charges become due.
v. For Customers on a Budget Billing Plan, the Servicer shall treat SRC Collections received from such Customers as if such Customers had been billed for their respective Storm Recovery Charges in the absence of the Budget Billing Plan; partial payment of a Budget Billing Plan payment shall be allocated according to clause (ii) or (iii) (as applicable) and overpayment of a Budget Billing Plan payment shall be allocated according to clause (iv).
c. Accounts; Records.
The Servicer shall maintain accounts and records as to the Storm Recovery Property accurately and in accordance with its standard accounting procedures and in sufficient detail (i) to permit reconciliation between payments or recoveries with respect to the Storm Recovery Property and the amounts from time to time remitted to the Collection Accounts in respect of the Storm Recovery Property and (ii) to permit the estimated SRC Collections held by the Servicer to be accounted for separately from the funds with which they may be commingled, so that the dollar amounts of estimated SRC Collections commingled with the Servicer’s funds may be properly identified and traced. The Servicer will perform periodic reconciliations (not less than annually) of estimated remittances (including the estimated write-off amount) with actual SRC Collections.
d. Investment of SRC Collections Received.
Prior to each Daily Remittance, the Servicer may invest SRC Collections received at its own risk and (except as required by applicable LPSC Regulations) for its own benefit. So long as the Servicer complies with its obligations under Section 6(c) of this Annex I, neither such investments nor such funds shall be required to be segregated from the other investment and funds of the Servicer.
e. Calculation of Daily Remittance.
i. For purposes of calculating the Daily Remittance, (i) all Billed SRCs shall be estimated to be collected the same number of days after billing as is equal to the Days Sales Outstanding then in effect (or on the next Servicer Business Day) and (ii) the Servicer will, on each Servicer Business Day but in no event later than two Servicer Business Days, remit to the Trustee for deposit in the Collection Account an amount equal to the product of the applicable Billed SRCs multiplied by one hundred percent less the system wide write-off percentage (or if available in the ordinary course of business, gross write-off percentage for each revenue class) used by the Servicer to calculate the most recent Periodic Billing Requirement. Such product shall constitute the amount of estimated SRC Collections for such Servicer Business Day.
ii. As part of each Storm Recovery Charge Adjustment, pursuant to Section 4.01 of the Agreement, the Servicer will reconcile the amount of storm recovery charge remittances to the Trustee with the periodic payment requirement (including scheduled principal and interest payments on the storm recovery bonds and ongoing financing costs).The Servicer and the Issuer acknowledge and agree that the Servicer’s actual collections of Storm Recovery Charges on some days might exceed the Servicer’s estimated collections, and that the Servicer’s actual collections of Storm Recovery Charges on other days might be less than the Servicer’s estimated collections. The Servicer and the Issuer further acknowledge and agree that the amount of these variances are likely to be small and are not likely to be biased in favor of over-remittances or under-remittances. Consequently, so long as the Servicer faithfully makes all daily remittances based on weighted average days sales outstanding, as provided for herein, the Servicer and the Issuer agree that no actual or deemed investment earnings shall be payable in respect of such over-remittances or under-remittances.
iii. On or before the Calculation Date in February and August of, each year, beginning in February 2023 (or, in the case of any subsequent series, the corresponding date relating to the Storm Recovery Charge Adjustment for such series), in accordance with Section 4.01(b) of the Agreement, the Servicer shall, in a timely manner so as to perform all required calculations under such Section 4.01(b), update the Days Sales Outstanding and the system-wide write-off percentage (or if available in the ordinary course of business, gross write-off percentage for each revenue class) in order to be able to calculate the Periodic Billing Requirement for the next Storm Recovery Charge Adjustment and to calculate any change in the Daily Remittances for the next Calculation Period.
iv. The Servicer and the Issuer acknowledge that, as contemplated in Section 8.01(b) of the Agreement, the Servicer may make certain changes to its current computerized Customer information system, which changes, when functional, would affect the Servicer’s method of calculating the SRC Collections estimated to have been received by the Servicer during each Collection Period as set forth in this Annex I. Should these changes to the computerized Customer information system become functional during the term of the Agreement, the Servicer and the Issuer agree that they shall review the procedures used to calculate the SRC Collections estimated to have been received in light of the capabilities of such new system and shall amend this Annex I in writing to make such modifications and/or substitutions to such procedures as may be appropriate in the interests of efficiency, accuracy, cost and/or system capabilities; provided, however, that the Servicer may not make any modification or substitution that will materially adversely affect the Holders. As soon as practicable, and in no event later than sixty (60) Servicer Business Days after the date on which all Customer accounts are being billed under such new system, the Servicer shall notify the Issuer, the Trustee and the Rating Agencies of the same.
v. All calculations of collections, each update of the Days Sales Outstanding, the system-wide write-off percentage (or if available in the ordinary course of business, gross write-off percentage for each revenue class) and any changes in procedures used to calculate the estimated SRC Collections pursuant to this Section 6(e) shall be made in good faith, and in the case of any update pursuant to clause (iii) above or any change in procedures pursuant to clause (iv) above, in a manner reasonably intended to provide estimates and calculations that are at least as accurate as those that would be provided on the closing date utilizing the initial procedures.
f. Remittances.
i. The Issuer shall cause to be established the Collection Accounts in the name of the Trustee in accordance with the Indenture.
ii. The Servicer shall make remittances to the Collection Accounts in accordance with Section 6.12 of the Agreement.
iii. In the event of any change of account or change of institution affecting any Collection Account, the Issuer shall provide written notice thereof to the Servicer not later than five (5) Business Days from the effective date of such change.
APPENDIX A
DEFINITIONS
The definitions contained in this Appendix A are applicable to the singular as well as the plural forms of such terms.
“17g-5 Website” is defined in Section 10.18(a) of the Indenture.
“Adjustment Date” means the date other than an Interim Adjustment Date on which any Storm Recovery Charge Adjustment (other than an interim (non-semi-annual) Storm Recovery Charge Adjustment) and/or any adjustment to allocation of storm recovery charges among Customer Classes, as applicable, becomes effective. The first Adjustment Date will be on or about March 1, 2023 which may be more or less than six months from the Issuance Date, but in no event more than nine months therefrom, and all subsequent Adjustment Dates shall be on or about the same day of the sixth month after each prior adjustment date.
“Administration Agreement” means the Administration Agreement dated as of June 22, 2022, between Cleco Power, as Administrator, and the Issuer, as the same may be amended and supplemented from time to time.
“Administrator” means Cleco Power as administrator under the Administration Agreement and each successor to or assignee of Cleco Power in the same capacity.
“Affiliate” means, with respect to any specified Person, any other Person controlling or controlled by or under common control with such specified Person. For the purposes of this definition, control, when used with respect to any specified Person, means the power to direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise; and the terms controlling and controlled have meanings correlative to the foregoing.
“Annual Accountant’s Report” has the meaning assigned to that term in Section 3.04 of the Servicing Agreement.
“Applicable MDMA” means with respect to each Customer, any meter data management agent providing meter reading services for that Customer’s account.
“Articles of Organization” means the articles of organization of the Issuer that was filed with the Louisiana Secretary of State on January 5, 2022, as the same may be amended and restated from time to time.
“Basic Documents” means the Issuer LLC Agreement, the Articles of Organization, the Sale Agreement, the Servicing Agreement, the Administration Agreement, the Indenture, the Supplement, the Underwriting Agreement relating to the Storm Recovery Bonds and the Bill of Sale.
“Bill” means each of the regular monthly bills, summary bills, opening bills and closing bills issued to Customers by Cleco Power on its own behalf and in its capacity as Servicer.
“Bill of Sale” has the meaning assigned to that term in the Sale Agreement.
“Billed SRCs” means the amounts of Storm Recovery Charges billed by the Servicer.
“Billing Period” means the period of approximately thirty (30) days for which the Servicer renders Bills.
“Book-Entry Storm Recovery Bonds” means beneficial interests in the Storm Recovery Bonds, ownership and transfers of which shall be made through book entries by a Clearing Agency as described in Section 2.11 of the Indenture.
“Budget Billing Plan” means a payment plan made available by Cleco Power to Customers, who have had service for an established period of time and meet established rating standards, that uses averaged demand in calculating periodic obligations of the Customer.
“Business Day” means any day other than a Saturday, a Sunday or a day on which banking institutions in New York, New York or New Orleans, Louisiana, are, or The Depository Trust Company is, required or authorized by law or executive order to remain closed.
“Calculation Date” means, with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds, the date on which the calculations and filings set forth in Section 4.01(b) will be made for each Storm Recovery Charge Adjustment. The first Calculation Date will be on or about February 13, 2023.
“Capital Subaccount” has the meaning specified in Section 8.02(a) of the Indenture.
“Cleco Power” means Cleco Power LLC, a Louisiana limited liability company, or its successor.
“Clearing Agency” means an organization registered as a “clearing agency” pursuant to Section 17A of the Exchange Act.
“Clearing Agency Participant” means a broker, dealer, bank, other financial institution or other Person for whom from time to time a Clearing Agency effects book-entry transfers and pledges of securities deposited with the Clearing Agency.
“Collection Account” has the meaning specified in Section 8.02(a) of the Indenture.
“Collection Period” means the period from and including the first day of a calendar month to but excluding the first day of the next calendar month.
“Corporate Trust Office” has the meaning specified in Appendix A to the Indenture.
“Customer Class” means each of the Storm Recovery Charge classes specified in the Rate Schedule SRCA Form of Storm Restoration Cost Adjustment Calculation Appendix B-1 to the Financing Order.
“Customers” means any existing or future LPSC-jurisdictional customer who remain attached to Cleco Power’s (or its successor’s or assignee’s) electric transmission or distribution lines, and who, via such lines, receive any type of service from Cleco Power (or its successors or assignees) under rate schedules or special contracts approved by the LPSC.
“Daily Remittance” has the meaning specified in Section 6.12.
“Days Sales Outstanding” means the average number of days Cleco Power’s monthly Bills to Customers in its service area remain outstanding during the calendar year immediately preceding the calculation thereof pursuant to Section 4.01(b) of the Agreement. The initial Days Sales Outstanding shall be 20 days until updated pursuant to Section 4.01(b) of the Agreement.
“Default” means any occurrence that is, or with notice or the lapse of time or both would become, an Event of Default.
“Event of Default” has the meaning specified in Section 5.01 of the Indenture.
“Excess Funds Subaccount” has the meaning specified in Section 8.02(a) of the Indenture.
“Excess Remittance” means the amount, if any, calculated for a particular Reconciliation Period, by which all estimated SRC Collections remitted to the Collection Account during such Reconciliation Period exceed actual SRC Collections received by the Servicer during such Reconciliation Period.
“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
“Expected Amortization Schedule” means, with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds, or any Tranche thereof, the expected amortization schedule for principal thereof, as specified in the Supplement.
“Financing Order” means the Financing Order U-35807-B issued on April 1, 2022 (Docket No. U-35807) by the LPSC pursuant to the Securitization Act.
“Fitch” means Fitch, Inc.; or any successor thereto.
“Formation Documents” means, collectively, the Articles of Organization, the Issuer LLC Agreement and any other document pursuant to which the Issuer is formed or governed, as the same may be amended and supplemented from time to time.
“General Subaccount” has the meaning specified in Section 8.02(a) of the Indenture.
“Governmental Authority” means any nation or government, any federal, state, local or other political subdivision thereof and any court, administrative agency or other instrumentality or entity exercising executive, legislative, judicial, regulatory or administrative function of government.
“Holder” or “Storm Recovery Bondholder” means the Person in whose name a Storm Recovery Bond of any Tranche is registered on the Storm Recovery Bond Register.
“Indenture” means the Indenture, dated as of June 22, 2022, between the Issuer, the Trustee and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, National Association, as Securities Intermediary, and the Supplement (including the forms and terms of the Storm Recovery Bonds established thereunder), as the same may be amended and supplemented with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds, from time to time.
“Independent” means, when used with respect to any specified Person, that the Person:
(a) is in fact independent of the Issuer, any other obligor upon the Storm Recovery Bonds, the Servicer and any Affiliate of any of the foregoing Persons,
(b) does not have any direct financial interest or any material indirect financial interest in the Issuer, any such other obligor, the Servicer or any Affiliate of any of the foregoing Persons and
(c) is not connected with the Issuer, any such other obligor, the Servicer or any Affiliate of any of the foregoing Persons as an officer, employee, promoter, underwriter, trustee, partner, director or person performing similar functions.
“Insolvency Event” means, with respect to a specified Person,
(a) the filing of a decree or order for relief by a court having jurisdiction in the premises in respect of such Person or any substantial part of its property in an involuntary case under any applicable federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect, or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, custodian, trustee, sequestrator or similar official for such Person or for any substantial part of its property, or ordering the winding-up or liquidation of such Person’s affairs, and such decree or order shall remain unstayed and in effect for a period of 90 consecutive days, or
(b) the commencement by such Person of a voluntary case under any applicable federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect, or the consent by such Person to the entry of an order for relief in an involuntary case under any such law, or the consent by such Person to the appointment of or taking possession by a receiver, liquidator, assignee, custodian, trustee, sequestrator or similar official for such Person or for any substantial part of its property, or the making by such Person of any general assignment for the benefit of creditors, or the failure by such Person generally to pay its debts as such debts become due, or the taking of action by such Person in furtherance of any of the foregoing.
“Interim Adjustment Date” means the effective date of any interim (non-semi-annual) Storm Recovery Charge Adjustment.
“Issuance Advice Letter” means the issuance advice letter submitted to the LPSC by Cleco Power pursuant to the Financing Order in connection with the issuance of the Storm Recovery Bonds.
“Issuance Date” means the date on which the Storm Recovery Bonds, are to be originally issued in accordance with the Indenture and the Supplement.
“Issuer” means Cleco Securitization I LLC, a Louisiana limited liability company, or any successor thereto pursuant to the Indenture.
“Issuer Annex” means Annex 1 of the Servicing Agreement.
“Issuer LLC Agreement” means the Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement between the Issuer and Cleco Power, as sole member, effective as of June 20, 2022, as the same may be amended or supplemented from time to time.
“Lien” means a security interest, lien, charge, pledge, equity or encumbrance of any kind.
“Losses” means collectively, any and all liabilities, obligations, losses, damages, payments, costs or expenses of any kind whatsoever.
“Louisiana UCC Filing Officer” means the recorder of mortgages of Orleans Parish (or any successor by law) or the clerk of the court of any other parish in Louisiana.
“LPSC” means the Louisiana Public Service Commission or any successor entity thereto.
“LPSC Regulations” means any regulations, rules, orders or directives promulgated, issued or adopted by the LPSC.
“Majority Holders” means the Holders of a majority of the Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds.
“Moody’s” means Moody’s Investors Service Inc., or any successor thereto.
“Officers’ Certificate” means a certificate signed, in the case of Cleco Power, by:
(a) any manager, the chairman of the board, the chief executive officer, the president, the vice chairman or any executive vice president, senior vice president or vice president; and
(b) the treasurer, any assistant treasurer, the secretary or any assistant secretary.
“Operating Expenses” means, with respect to the Issuer, all fees, costs and expenses owed by the Issuer with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds, including all amounts owed by the Issuer to the Trustee (including any indemnity payments to the Trustee), the Servicing Fee, the Administration Fee, the costs and expenses incurred by the Seller in connection with the performance of the Seller’s obligations under Section 4.07 of the Sale Agreement, the fees relating to the Storm Recovery Bonds, payable by the Issuer to the independent manager of the Issuer, administrative expenses, including external legal and external accounting fees, ratings maintenance fees, and all other costs and expenses recoverable by the Issuer under the terms of the Financing Order.
“Opinion of Counsel” means one or more written opinions of counsel who may be an employee of or counsel to the Servicer or the Issuer, which counsel shall be reasonably acceptable to the Trustee, the LPSC, the Issuer or the Rating Agencies, as applicable, and which shall be in form reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee, if applicable.
“Outstanding” with respect to Storm Recovery Bonds means, as of the date of determination, all Storm Recovery Bonds theretofore authenticated and delivered under the Indenture except:
(a) Storm Recovery Bonds theretofore canceled by the Storm Recovery Bond Registrar or delivered to the Storm Recovery Bond Registrar for cancellation;
(b) Storm Recovery Bonds or portions thereof the payment for which money in the necessary amount has been theretofore deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent in trust for the Holders of such Storm Recovery Bonds; provided, however, that if such Storm Recovery Bonds are to be redeemed, notice of such redemption has been duly given pursuant to the Indenture or provision therefor, satisfactory to the Trustee; and
(c) Storm Recovery Bonds in exchange for or in lieu of other Storm Recovery Bonds which have been authenticated and delivered pursuant to the Indenture unless proof satisfactory to the Trustee is presented that any such Storm Recovery Bonds are held by a bona fide purchaser;
provided that in determining whether the Holders of the requisite Outstanding Amount of the Storm Recovery Bonds or any Tranche thereof have given any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder or under any Basic Document, Storm Recovery Bonds owned by the Issuer, any other obligor upon the Storm Recovery Bonds, Cleco Power or any Affiliate of any of the foregoing Persons shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding, except that, in determining whether the Trustee shall be fully protected in relying upon any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver, only Storm Recovery Bonds that a Responsible Officer of the Trustee knows to be so owned shall be so disregarded. Storm Recovery Bonds so owned that have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee’s right so to act with respect to such Storm Recovery Bonds and that the pledgee is not the Issuer, any other obligor upon the Storm Recovery Bonds, the Servicer or any Affiliate of any of the foregoing Persons.
“Outstanding Amount” means the aggregate principal amount of all Outstanding Storm Recovery Bonds, or, if the context requires, all Outstanding Storm Recovery Bonds of a Tranche of the Storm Recovery Bonds, Outstanding at the date of determination.
“Paying Agent” means the entity so designated in Section 3.03 of the Indenture or any other Person that meets the eligibility standards for the Trustee specified in Section 6.11 of the Indenture and is authorized by the Issuer to make the payments of Principal of or premium, if any, or Interest on the Storm Recovery Bonds on behalf of the Issuer.
“Payment Date” means, with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds, or, if applicable, each Tranche thereof, the date or dates specified as Payment Dates for such Tranche in the Supplement, provided that if any such date is not a Business Day, the Payment Date shall be the Business Day immediately succeeding such date.
“Periodic Billing Requirement” means the aggregate dollar amount of Storm Recovery Charges that must be billed during a given period (i.e., semi-annually, or such other applicable period) so that the projected SRC Collections will be timely and sufficient to meet the entire aggregate Periodic Payment Requirement for that period, based upon: (i) forecast usage data for the period; (ii) forecast uncollectibles for the period; and (iii) forecast lags in collection of billed Storm Recovery Charges for the period. In the Storm Recovery Charge Adjustment process, the over or under collection from any period will be added to or subtracted from, as the case may be, the Periodic Billing Requirement for the upcoming period.
“Periodic Payment Requirement” means the required periodic payment for a given period (i.e., semi-annually, or such other applicable period) due under (or otherwise payable with respect to) the Storm Recovery Bonds. As to be more fully specified in the bond financing documents, each periodic payment requirement includes: (a) the principal amortization of the Storm Recovery Bonds in accordance with the Expected Amortization Schedule (including deficiencies of previously scheduled principal for any reason); (b) periodic interest on the Storm Recovery Bonds (including any accrued and unpaid interest); (c) Operating Expenses (including any accrued and unpaid amounts); (d) any necessary replenishment of the Capital Subaccount, and (e) Issuer’s return on the capital investment made by Cleco Power in the Issuer (including any accrued and unpaid amounts so that Cleco Power can earn the return permitted under the Financing Order).
“Person” means any individual, corporation, estate, partnership, joint venture, association, joint stock company, trust (including any beneficiary thereof), business trust, limited liability company, unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof.
“Proceeding” means any suit in equity, action at law or other judicial or administrative proceeding.
“Projected Storm Recovery Bond Balance” means, as of any date, the anticipated Outstanding Amount of Storm Recovery Bonds, after giving effect to payment of the sum of the payment amounts provided for in the Expected Amortization Schedules for the Storm Recovery Bonds, to be paid on or before such date.
“Rate Schedules” means Rate Schedule SRCA and Rate Schedule SCSA filed by the Seller pursuant to ordering paragraph 10 of the Financing Order.
“Rating Agency” means any rating agency rating the Storm Recovery Bonds, at the time of issuance at the request of the Issuer, which initially shall be Moody’s, Fitch and Standard & Poor’s. If no such organization or successor is any longer in existence, “Rating Agency” shall be a nationally recognized statistical rating organization or other comparable Person designated by the Issuer, written notice of which designation shall be given to the Trustee, the LPSC and the Servicer.
“Rating Agency Condition” means, with respect to any action, at least ten (10) Business Days’ prior written notification to each Rating Agency of such action, and written confirmation from each of S&P and Moody’s to the Servicer, the Trustee and the Issuer that such action will not result in a suspension, reduction or withdrawal of the then current rating by such Rating Agency of any Tranche of the Storm Recovery Bonds and that prior to the taking of the proposed action no other Rating Agency shall have provided written notice to the Issuer that such action has resulted or would result in the suspension, reduction or withdrawal of the then current rating of any such Tranche of the Storm Recovery Bonds; provided, that, if within such ten (10) Business Day period, any Rating Agency (other than S&P) has neither replied to such notification nor responded in a manner that indicates that such Rating Agency is reviewing and considering the notification, then (i) the Issuer shall be required to confirm that such Rating Agency has received the Rating Agency Condition request, and if it has, promptly request the related Rating Agency Condition confirmation and (ii) if the Rating Agency neither replies to such notification nor responds in a manner that indicates it is reviewing and considering the notification within five (5) Business Days following such second (2nd) request, the applicable Rating Agency Condition requirement shall not be deemed to apply to such Rating Agency. For the purposes of this definition, any confirmation, request, acknowledgment or approval that is required to be in writing may be in the form of electronic mail or a press release (which may contain a general waiver of a Rating Agency’s right to review or consent).
“Reconciliation Period” means, with respect to any Collection Period, the six-month period ending one month prior to each Adjustment Date.
“Regulation AB” means the rules of the SEC promulgated under Subpart 229.1100—Asset Backed Securities (Regulation AB), 17 C.F.R. §§229.1100-229.1123, as such may be amended from time to time.
“Released Parties” has the meaning specified in Section 6.02(f) of the Servicing Agreement.
“Requirement of Law” means any foreign, federal, state or local laws, statutes, regulations, rules, codes or ordinances enacted, adopted, issued or promulgated by any Governmental Authority or common law.
“Responsible Officer” means, with respect to the Trustee, any officer within the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, including any Vice President, Director, Managing Officer, associate, Assistant Vice President, Secretary, Assistant Secretary, or any other officer of the Trustee having direct responsibility for the administration of the Indenture and also, with respect to a particular matter, any other officer to whom such matter is referred because of such officer’s knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject.
“Sale Agreement” means the Storm Recovery Property Sale Agreement dated as of June 22, 2022 relating to the Storm Recovery Property, between the Seller and the Issuer, as the same may be amended and supplemented from time to time.
“Sale Date” means the date on which the Seller sells, transfers, assigns and conveys the Storm Recovery Property to which this Agreement relates to the Issuer.
“SEC” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
“Securitization Act” means Act No. 64 of the Louisiana Regular Session of 2006, the “Louisiana Electric Utility Storm Recovery Securitization Act,” codified at La. R.S. 45:1226-1236.
“Seller” means Cleco Power, or its successor, in its capacity as seller of the Storm Recovery Property to the Issuer pursuant to the Sale Agreement.
“Semi-annual Servicer’s Certificate” means the statement prepared by the Servicer and delivered to the Trustee with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds, on or prior to each Payment Date therefor, the form of which is attached to the Indenture as Schedule 1.
“Servicer” means Cleco Power, as the servicer of the Storm Recovery Property, and each successor to or assignee of Cleco Power (in the same capacity) pursuant to Section 6.03, 6.04, or 7.04 of the Servicing Agreement.
“Servicer Business Day” means any day other than a Saturday or Sunday or a day on which banking institutions in the City of New Orleans, Louisiana, Chicago, Illinois, St. Paul, Minnesota or in the City of New York, New York, are required or authorized by law or executive order to remain closed, on which the Servicer maintains normal office hours and conducts business.
“Servicer Default” means the occurrence and continuation of one of the events specified in Section 7.01 of the Servicing Agreement.
“Servicer Policies and Practices” means, with respect to the Servicer’s duties under this Agreement, including Annex I, the policies and practices of the Servicer applicable to such duties that the Servicer follows with respect to comparable assets that it services for itself and, if applicable, others.
“Servicer Responsible Officer” means any officer, including President, Executive Vice President, Senior Vice President, Vice President, Secretary, Assistant Secretary, Treasurer or Assistant Treasurer, of the Servicer.
“Servicing Agreement” or this “Agreement” means the Storm Recovery Property Servicing Agreement dated as of June 22, 2022, between the Issuer and the Servicer, and accepted and acknowledged by the Trustee, relating to the Storm Recovery Property as the same may be amended and supplemented from time to time.
“Servicing Fee” means the fee payable by the Issuer to the Servicer on each Payment Date with respect to the Storm Recovery Bonds, in an amount specified in Section 6.07 of the Servicing Agreement.
“Servicing Standard” means the obligation of the Servicer to calculate, apply, remit and reconcile proceeds of the Storm Recovery Property, including SRC Collections, for the benefit of the Issuer and the Holders (i) with the same degree of care and diligence as the Servicer applies with respect to payments owed to it for its own account, (ii) in accordance with all applicable procedures and requirements established by the LPSC for collection of electric utility tariffs and (iii) in accordance with the other terms of the Servicing Agreement.
“Sponsor” means Cleco Power in its capacity as the Person who organizes and initiates an asset-backed securities transaction by selling or transferring assets, either directly or indirectly, to the Issuer.
“SRC Collections” means amounts constituting good funds collected by Servicer from any Person in respect of Storm Recovery Charges and Storm Recovery Property.
“Standard & Poor’s” or “S&P” means Standard & Poor’s, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, or any successor thereto.
“State” means any one of the 50 states of the United States of America or the District of Columbia.
“Storm Recovery Bond” means any of the Series 2022-A Senior Secured Storm Recovery Bonds issued by the Issuer pursuant to the Indenture.
“Storm Recovery Bond Balance” means, as of any date, the aggregate Outstanding Amount of Storm Recovery Bonds on such date.
“Storm Recovery Bond Register” has the meaning specified in Section 2.05 of the Indenture.
“Storm Recovery Bond Registrar” means the Trustee, in its capacity as keeper of the Storm Recovery Bond Register, or any successor to the Trustee in such capacity.
“Storm Recovery Charge Adjustment” means each semi-annual adjustment to Storm Recovery Charges related to the Storm Recovery Property made in accordance with Section 4.01 of the Servicing Agreement and the Issuer Annex or in connection with the redemption or refunding by the Issuer of Storm Recovery Bonds.
“Storm Recovery Charges” means the nonbypassable amounts to be charged for the use or availability of electric services, approved by the LPSC in the Financing Order to recover financing costs, that shall be collected by Cleco Power, its successors, assignees or other collection agents as provided for in the Financing Order.
“Storm Recovery Property” means all of Seller’s rights and interest under the Financing Order (including, without limitation, rights to impose, collect and receive the “storm recovery charges” (as defined in the Securitization Act) approved in such Financing Order) issued by the LPSC on April 1, 2022 (Docket No. U-35807) pursuant to the Securitization Act, except the rights of Seller to earn and receive a rate of return on its invested capital in the Issuer, to receive administration and servicer fees, to withdraw funds from its restricted storm recovery reserve funded by the proceeds from the sale of the Storm Recovery Property, or to use the Seller’s remaining portion of those proceeds.
“Storm Recovery Property Documentation” means all documents relating to the Storm Recovery Property, including copies of the Financing Order and all documents filed with the LPSC in connection with any Storm Recovery Charge Adjustment.
“Successor Servicer” means (i) a successor to Cleco Power pursuant to Section 6.03 of the Servicing Agreement or (ii) a successor Servicer appointed by the Trustee pursuant to Section 7.04 of the Servicing Agreement which in each case will succeed to all the rights and duties of the Servicer under the Servicing Agreement.
“Supplement” means the Series Supplement dated of even date herewith to the Indenture between the Issuer and the Trustee that authorizes the Storm Recovery Bonds.
“Termination Notice” has the meaning specified in Section 7.01 of the Servicing Agreement.
“Third-Party Supplier” is a third-party supplier that is authorized by law to sell electric service to a customer using the transmission or distribution system of Cleco Power.
“Tranche” means any one of the tranches of Storm Recovery Bonds, as specified in the Supplement.
“Trust Estate” has the meaning specified in the Supplement.
“Trustee” means The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as indenture trustee, or its successor or any successor Trustee under the Indenture.
“UCC” means, unless the context otherwise requires, the Uniform Commercial Code, as in effect in the relevant jurisdiction, as amended from time to time.
“Underwriting Agreement” has the meaning specified in the Indenture.
APPENDIX A-11
ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS
|
1
|
||
Section 1.01
|
Definitions
|
1
|
|
Section 1.02
|
Other Definitional Provisions
|
1
|
|
ARTICLE II CONVEYANCE OF THE STORM RECOVERY PROPERTY
|
2
|
||
Section 2.01
|
Conveyance of the Storm Recovery Property
|
2
|
|
Section 2.02
|
Conditions to Conveyance of the Storm Recovery Property
|
2
|
|
ARTICLE III REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF SELLER
|
3
|
||
Section 3.01
|
Organization and Good Standing
|
4
|
|
Section 3.02
|
Due Qualification
|
4
|
|
Section 3.03
|
Power and Authority
|
4
|
|
Section 3.04
|
Binding Obligation
|
4
|
|
Section 3.05
|
No Violation
|
4
|
|
Section 3.06
|
No Proceedings
|
4
|
|
Section 3.07
|
Approvals
|
5
|
|
Section 3.08
|
The Storm Recovery Property
|
5
|
|
Section 3.09
|
Solvency
|
6
|
|
Section 3.10
|
The Financing Order
|
7
|
|
Section 3.11
|
State Action
|
7
|
|
Section 3.12
|
No Court Order
|
8
|
|
Section 3.13
|
Approvals Concerning the Storm Recovery Property
|
8
|
|
Section 3.14
|
No Right of Louisiana Voters to Act by Initiative or Referendum
|
8
|
|
Section 3.15
|
Tax Liens
|
8
|
|
Section 3.16
|
Assumptions
|
9
|
|
Section 3.17
|
Creation of the Storm Recovery Property
|
9
|
|
Section 3.18
|
Prospectus
|
10
|
|
Section 3.19
|
Nature of Representations and Warranties
|
10
|
|
Section 3.20
|
Waivers of Legal Warranties
|
10
|
|
ARTICLE IV COVENANTS OF THE SELLER
|
10
|
||
Section 4.01
|
Seller’s Existence
|
10
|
|
Section 4.02
|
No Liens or Conveyances
|
11
|
|
Section 4.03
|
Use of Proceeds
|
11
|
|
Section 4.04
|
Delivery of Collections
|
11
|
Section 4.05
|
Notice of Liens
|
11
|
|
Section 4.06
|
Compliance with Law
|
11
|
|
Section 4.07
|
Covenants Related to the Storm Recovery Property
|
12
|
|
Section 4.08
|
Protection of Title
|
13
|
|
Section 4.09
|
Taxes
|
14
|
|
Section 4.10
|
Filings Pursuant to Financing Order
|
14
|
|
Section 4.11
|
Issuance Advice Letter
|
14
|
|
Section 4.12
|
Rate Schedules
|
14
|
|
Section 4.13
|
Notice of Breach to Rating Agencies, Etc.
|
14
|
|
Section 4.14
|
Further Assurances
|
14
|
|
ARTICLE V ADDITIONAL UNDERTAKINGS OF SELLER
|
14
|
||
Section 5.01
|
LIABILITY OF THE SELLER; INDEMNITIES
|
14
|
|
Section 5.02
|
Merger or Consolidation of, or Assumption of the Obligations of, the Seller
|
17
|
|
Section 5.03
|
Limitation on Liability of the Seller and Others
|
19
|
|
ARTICLE VI MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
|
19
|
||
Section 6.01
|
Amendment
|
19
|
|
Section 6.02
|
Notices
|
20
|
|
Section 6.03
|
Assignment by the Seller
|
21
|
|
Section 6.04
|
Pledge to the Trustee
|
21
|
|
Section 6.05
|
Limitations on Rights of Others
|
21
|
|
Section 6.06
|
Severability
|
21
|
|
Section 6.07
|
Separate Counterparts
|
21
|
|
Section 6.08
|
Headings
|
21
|
|
Section 6.09
|
Governing Law
|
21
|
|
Section 6.10
|
Limitation of Liability
|
21
|
|
Section 6.11
|
Waivers
|
22
|
|
Section 6.12
|
Nonpetition Covenants
|
22
|
|
APPENDIX A—DEFINITIONS
|
1
|
||
EXHIBIT A BILL OF SALE
|
1
|
||
SCHEDULE 1 to BILL OF SALE
|
1
|
i |
the right to impose, bill, charge, collect and receive the Storm Recovery Charges, including the right to receive Storm Recovery Charges in amounts and at all times projected to be sufficient to pay scheduled principal and interest on the
Storm Recovery Bonds,
|
ii |
all rights and interest of the Seller under the Financing Order, except the rights of Seller to earn and receive a rate of return on its invested capital in the Issuer, to receive administration and servicer fees, to withdraw funds from
its restricted storm recovery reserves funded by the proceeds from the sale of the Storm Recovery Property (including to recover prudently incurred storm recovery costs for additional Hurricane Laura related work by netting against the
restricted regular storm recovery reserve), or to use the Seller’s remaining portion of those proceeds,
|
iii |
the rights to file for periodic adjustments of the Storm Recovery Charges as provided in the Financing Order, and
|
iv |
all revenues, collections, claims, rights to payments, payments, money, or proceeds arising from the rights and interests resulting from the Storm Recovery Charges.
|
CLECO SECURITIZATION I LLC,
|
||
as Issuer,
|
||
By:
|
/s/ William G. Fontenot |
|
Name: William G. Fontenot
|
||
Title: President
|
CLECO POWER LLC,
|
||
as Seller,
|
||
By:
|
/s/ William G. Fontenot |
|
Name: William G. Fontenot
|
||
Title: Chief Executive Officer
|
THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION,
|
||
as Trustee under the Indenture
|
||
By:
|
/s/ Linda Wirfel |
|
Name: Linda Wirfel
|
||
Title: Vice President
|
1. |
This Bill of Sale is being delivered pursuant to the Storm Recovery Property Sale Agreement, dated as of June 22, 2022 (the “Sale Agreement”), between Cleco Power LLC (the “Seller”) and Cleco Securitization I LLC (the “Issuer”). All
capitalized terms used but not defined herein have the respective meanings ascribed thereto in the Sale Agreement.
|
2. |
In consideration of the Issuer’s payment to the Seller of $ , receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, the Seller does hereby irrevocably sell, transfer, assign, set over and otherwise convey to the Issuer, without recourse
or warranty, except as set forth in the Sale Agreement, all right, title and interest of the Seller in, to and under the Storm Recovery Property identified on Schedule 1 hereto (such sale, transfer,
assignment, setting over and conveyance of the Storm Recovery Property includes, to the fullest extent permitted by the Securitization Act, the right to impose, collect and receive the Storm Recovery Charges related to the Storm Recovery
Property, as the same may be adjusted from time to time). Such sale, transfer, assignment, setting over and conveyance is hereby expressly stated to be a sale or other absolute transfer and, pursuant to Section 1230(1) of the Securitization
Act and other applicable law, is a true sale and is not a secured transaction and title and ownership has passed to the Issuer. The preceding sentence is the statement referred to in Section 1230 of the Securitization Act. The Seller agrees
and confirms that, after giving effect to the sale evidenced by this Bill of Sale, the Seller has no right, title or interest in, to or under the Storm Recovery Property.
|
3. |
The Issuer does hereby purchase the Storm Recovery Property identified on Schedule 1 hereto from the Seller for the consideration set forth in paragraph 2 above.
|
4. |
The Seller and the Issuer each acknowledge and agree that the purchase price for the Storm Recovery Property sold pursuant to this Bill of Sale and the Sale Agreement is equal to its fair market value on the date hereof.
|
5. |
The Seller confirms that each of the representations and warranties on the part of the Seller contained in the Sale Agreement are true and correct in all material respects on the date hereof as if made on the date hereof.
|
6. |
This Bill of Sale may be executed by the parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when so executed and delivered shall be an original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument.
|
7. |
THIS BILL OF SALE SHALL BE CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF LOUISIANA, WITHOUT REFERENCE TO ITS CONFLICT OF LAW PROVISIONS, AND THE OBLIGATIONS, RIGHTS AND REMEDIES OF THE PARTIES HEREUNDER
SHALL BE DETERMINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SUCH LAWS.
|
CLECO SECURITIZATION I LLC,
|
||
as Issuer,
|
||
By:
|
||
Name:
|
||
Title:
|
CLECO POWER LLC,
|
||
as Seller,
|
||
By:
|
||
Name:
|
||
Title:
|
1. |
Duties of the Administrator: Management Services. The Administrator hereby agrees to provide the following corporate management services to the Issuer and to cause third parties to provide professional services required for or contemplated by such
services in accordance with the provisions of this Administration Agreement:
|
(i) |
furnish the Issuer with ordinary clerical, bookkeeping and other corporate administrative services necessary and appropriate for the Issuer, including, without limitation, the following services:
|
(A) |
maintain at the Premises (as defined below) general accounting records of the Issuer (the “Account Records”), subject to year-end audit, in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, separate and apart from its own
accounting records, prepare or cause to be prepared such quarterly and annual financial statements as may be necessary or appropriate and arrange for year-end audits of the Issuer’s financial statements by the Issuer’s independent
accountants;
|
(B) |
prepare and, after execution by the Issuer, file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) and any applicable state agencies documents required to be filed with the Commission and any applicable state agencies,
including, without limitation, periodic reports required to be filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended;
|
(C) |
prepare for execution by the Issuer and cause to be filed such income, franchise or other tax returns of the Issuer as shall be required to be filed by applicable law (the “Tax Returns”) and cause to be paid on behalf of the Issuer from
the Issuer’s funds any taxes required to be paid by the Issuer under applicable law;
|
(D) |
prepare or cause to be prepared for execution by the Issuer’s managers (the “Managers”) minutes of the meetings of the Managers and such other documents deemed appropriate by the Issuer to maintain the separate limited liability company
existence and good standing of the Issuer (the “Company Minutes”) or otherwise required under the Related Agreements (together with the Account Records, the Tax Returns, the Company Minutes, the Issuer LLC Agreement, and the Issuer Articles
of Organization, the “Issuer Documents”); and any other documents deliverable by the Issuer thereunder or in connection therewith; and
|
(E) |
hold, maintain and preserve at the Premises (or such other place as shall be required by any of the Related Agreements) executed copies (to the extent applicable) of the Issuer Documents and other documents executed by the Issuer
thereunder or in connection therewith;
|
(ii) |
take such actions on behalf of the Issuer, as are necessary or desirable for the Issuer to keep in full effect its existence, rights and franchises as a limited liability company under the laws of the state of Louisiana and obtain and
preserve its qualification to do business in each jurisdiction in which it becomes necessary to be so qualified;
|
(iii) |
take such actions on behalf of the Issuer, as are necessary for the issuance and delivery of the Storm Recovery Bonds;
|
(iv) |
provide for the performance by the Issuer of its obligations under each of the Related Agreements, and prepare, or cause to be prepared, all documents, reports, filings, instruments, notices, certificates and opinions that it shall be the
duty of the Issuer to prepare, file or deliver pursuant to the Related Agreements;
|
(v) |
enforce each of the rights of the Issuer under the Related Agreements, at the direction of the Trustee;
|
(vi) |
provide for the defense, at the direction of the Managers, of any action, suit or proceeding brought against the Issuer or affecting the Issuer or any of its assets;
|
(vii) |
provide office space (the “Premises”) for the Issuer and such reasonable ancillary services as are necessary to carry out the obligations of the Administrator hereunder, including telecopying, duplicating and word processing services;
|
(viii) |
undertake such other administrative services as may be appropriate, necessary or requested by the Issuer; and
|
(ix) |
provide such other services as are incidental to the foregoing or as the Issuer and the Administrator may agree.
|
2. |
Compensation.
|
(a) |
As compensation for the performance of the Administrator’s obligations under this Administration Agreement (including the compensation of Persons serving as Managers (other than the independent Manager(s)) and officers of the Issuer, but,
for the avoidance of doubt, excluding the performance by Cleco Power of its obligations in its capacity as Servicer), the Administrator shall be entitled to $100,000.00 annually (the “Administration Fee”), with no escalation, payable by the
Issuer in arrears proportionately on each Payment Date, in semi-annual increments of $50,000.00, which shall be prorated based on the fraction of a calendar year during which the Administrator provides any of the services set forth in this
Administration Agreement. In addition, the Administrator shall be entitled to be reimbursed by the Issuer for all costs and expenses of services performed by unaffiliated third parties and actually incurred by the Administrator in connection
with the performance of its obligations under this Administration Agreement in accordance with Section 3 (but, for the avoidance of doubt, excluding any such costs and expenses incurred by Cleco Power in its capacity as Servicer), to the
extent that such costs and expenses are supported by invoices or other customary documentation and are reasonably allocated to the Issuer (“Reimbursable Expenses”).
|
(b) |
In the event that one or more series of Additional Storm Recovery Bonds, (i.e., other than the Storm Recovery Bonds) is issued by the Issuer, the administration fees and other costs and expenses
described above payable by the Issuer may be assessed to each series of storm recovery bonds (including the Storm Recovery Bonds) on a pro rata basis, based upon the respective outstanding principal amounts of each series of storm recovery
bonds, and this Administration Agreement may be amended to provide that Cleco Power will provide administrative services to the Issuer with respect to any such series of Additional Storm Recovery Bonds.
|
3. |
Third Party Services. Any services required for or contemplated by the performance of the above-referenced services by the Administrator to be provided by unaffiliated third parties (including independent accountants’ fees and legal counsel fees) may,
if provided for or otherwise contemplated by the Financing Order and if the Issuer deems it necessary or desirable, be arranged by the Issuer or by the Administrator at the direction (which may be general or specific) of the Issuer. Costs
and expenses associated with the contracting for such third-party services may be paid directly by the Issuer or paid by the Administrator and reimbursed by the Issuer in accordance with Section 2, or otherwise as the Administrator and the
Issuer may mutually arrange.
|
4. |
Additional Information to be Furnished to the Issuer. The Administrator shall furnish to the Issuer from time to time such additional information regarding the Trust Estate as the Issuer shall reasonably request.
|
5. |
Independence of the Administrator. For all purposes of this Administration Agreement, the Administrator shall be an independent contractor and shall not be subject to the supervision of the Issuer with respect to the manner in which it accomplishes the
performance of its obligations hereunder. Unless expressly authorized by the Issuer, the Administrator shall have no authority, and shall not hold itself out as having the authority, to act for or represent the Issuer in any way and shall
not otherwise be deemed an agent of the Issuer.
|
6. |
No Joint Venture.
Nothing contained in this Administration Agreement (a) shall constitute the Administrator and the Issuer as partners or co-members of any partnership, joint venture, association, syndicate, unincorporated business or other separate entity,
(b) shall be construed to impose any liability as such on either of them or (c) shall be deemed to confer on either of them any express, implied or apparent authority to incur any obligation or liability on behalf of the other.
|
7. |
Other Activities of Administrator. Nothing herein shall prevent the Administrator or any of its members, managers, officers, employees, subsidiaries or affiliates from engaging in other businesses or, in its sole discretion, from acting in a similar
capacity as an Administrator for any other person or entity even though such person or entity may engage in business activities similar to those of the Issuer.
|
8. |
Term of Agreement; Resignation and Removal of Administrator.
|
(a) |
This Administration Agreement shall continue in force until the payment in full of the Storm Recovery Bonds and any other amount which may become due and payable under the Indenture, upon which event this Administration Agreement shall
automatically terminate.
|
(b) |
Subject to Sections 8(e) and 8(f), the Administrator may resign its duties hereunder by providing the Issuer and the Rating Agencies with at least sixty (60) days’ prior written notice.
|
(c) |
Subject to Sections 8(e) and 8(f), the Issuer may remove the Administrator without cause by providing the Administrator and the Rating Agencies with at least sixty (60) days’ prior written notice.
|
(d) |
Subject to Sections 8(e) and 8(f), at the sole option of the Issuer, the Administrator may be removed immediately upon written notice of termination from the Issuer to the Administrator and the Rating Agencies if any of the following
events shall occur:
|
(i) |
The Administrator shall default in the performance of any of its duties under this Administration Agreement and, after notice of such default, shall fail to cure such default within ten (10) days (or, if such default cannot be cured in
such time, shall (A) fail to give within ten (10) days such assurance of cure as shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Issuer and (B) fail to cure such default within 30 days thereafter);
|
(iii) |
the Administrator shall commence a voluntary case under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect, shall consent to the entry of an order for relief in an involuntary case under any such law,
shall consent to the appointment of a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, custodian, sequestrator or similar official for the Administrator or any substantial part of its property, shall consent to the taking of possession by any such
official of any substantial part of its property, shall make any general assignment for the benefit of creditors or shall fail generally to pay its debts as they become due.
|
(e) |
No resignation or removal of the Administrator pursuant to this Section 8(e) shall be effective until (i) a successor Administrator has been appointed by the Issuer, (ii) the Rating Agency Condition with respect to the proposed appointment
has been satisfied and (iii) such successor Administrator has agreed in writing to be bound by the terms of this Administration Agreement in the same manner as the Administrator is bound hereunder.
|
(f) |
The appointment of any successor Administrator shall be effective only after satisfaction of the Rating Agency Condition with respect to the proposed appointment.
|
9. |
Action upon Termination, Resignation or Removal. Promptly upon the effective date of termination of this Administration Agreement pursuant to Section 8(a), the resignation of the Administrator pursuant to Section 8(b) or the removal of the
Administrator pursuant to Section 8(c) or 8(d), the Administrator shall be entitled to be paid a pro-rated portion of the annual fee described in Section 2 hereof through the date of termination and all Reimbursable Expenses incurred by it
through the date of such termination, resignation or removal. The Administrator shall forthwith upon such termination pursuant to Section 8(a) deliver to the Issuer all property and documents of or relating to the Trust Estate then in the
custody of the Administrator. In the event of the resignation of the Administrator pursuant to Section 8(b) or the removal of the Administrator pursuant to Section 8(c) or 8(d), the Administrator shall cooperate with the Issuer and take
all reasonable steps requested to assist the Issuer in making an orderly transfer of the duties of the Administrator.
|
10. |
Administrator’s Liability. Except as otherwise provided herein, the Administrator assumes no liability other than to render or stand ready to render the services called for herein, and neither the Administrator nor any of its members, managers,
officers, employees, subsidiaries or affiliates shall be responsible for any action of the Issuer or any of the members, managers, officers, employees, subsidiaries or affiliates of the Issuer (other than the Administrator itself). The
Administrator shall not be liable for nor shall it have any obligation with regard to any of the liabilities, whether direct or indirect, absolute or contingent of the Issuer or any of the members, managers, officers, employees,
subsidiaries or affiliates of the Issuer (other than the Administrator itself).
|
11. |
INDEMNITY.
|
12. |
Notices. Any
notice, report or other communication given hereunder shall be in writing and addressed as follows:
|
(a)
|
if to the Issuer, to:
|
|
Cleco Securitization I LLC
|
||
505 Cleco Drive, Office Number 16
|
||
Pineville, Louisiana 71360
|
(b)
|
if to the Administrator, to:
|
|
Cleco Power LLC
|
||
2030 Donahue Ferry Road,
|
||
Pineville, Louisiana 71360-5226
|
||
Attention: Treasurer
|
13. |
Amendments.
This Administration Agreement may be amended from time to time by a written amendment duly executed and delivered by each of the Issuer and the Administrator, provided that (i) the Rating Agency Condition has been satisfied in connection
therewith, (ii) the Trustee shall have consented and (iii) in the case of any amendment that increases ongoing financing costs as defined in the Financing Order, the LPSC shall have consented thereto or shall be conclusively deemed to have
consented thereto. With respect to the LPSC’s consent to any amendment to this Administration Agreement,
|
(a) |
the Administrator may submit the amendment to the LPSC by delivering to the LPSC’s executive counsel a written request for such consent, which request shall contain:
|
(i) |
a reference to Docket No. U-35807 and a statement as to the possible effect of the amendment on ongoing financing costs;
|
(ii) |
an Officer’s Certificate stating that the proposed amendment has been approved by all parties to this Administration Agreement; and
|
(iii) |
a statement identifying the person to whom the LPSC or its staff is to address its consent to the proposed amendment.
|
(b) |
Any amendment requiring the consent of the LPSC as provided in this Section 13 shall become effective on the later of:
|
(i) |
the date proposed by the parties to the amendment, or
|
(ii) |
31 days after such submission of the amendment to the LPSC unless the LPSC issues an order disapproving the amendment within a 30-day period.
|
14. |
Successors and Assigns. This Administration Agreement may not be assigned by the Administrator unless such assignment is previously consented to in writing by the Issuer and the Trustee and subject to the satisfaction of the Rating Agency Condition in
connection therewith. Any assignment with such consent and satisfaction, if accepted by the assignee, shall bind the assignee hereunder in the same manner as the Administrator is bound hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, this
Administration Agreement may be assigned by the Administrator without the consent of the Issuer or the Trustee and without satisfaction of the Rating Agency Condition to a corporation or other organization that is a successor (by merger,
reorganization, consolidation or purchase of assets) to the Administrator; provided that such successor organization executes and delivers to the Issuer an agreement in which such corporation or other organization agrees to be bound
hereunder by the terms of said assignment in the same manner as the Administrator is bound hereunder. Subject to the foregoing, this Administration Agreement shall bind any successors or assigns of the parties hereto. Upon satisfaction of
all of the conditions of this Section 14, the preceding Administrator shall automatically and without further notice be released from all of its obligations hereunder.
|
15. |
Governing Law.
This Administration Agreement shall be construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Louisiana, without reference to its conflict of law provisions, and the obligations, rights and remedies of the parties hereunder shall be
determined in accordance with such laws.
|
16. |
Headings. The
Section headings hereof have been inserted for convenience of reference only and shall not be construed to affect the meaning, construction or effect of this Administration Agreement.
|
17. |
Counterparts.
This Administration Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which when so executed shall be an original, but all of which together shall constitute but one and the same Administration Agreement.
|
18. |
Severability.
Any provision of this Administration Agreement that is prohibited or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or unenforceability without invalidating the remaining provisions hereof and any
such prohibition or unenforceability in any jurisdiction shall not invalidate or render unenforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction.
|
19. |
Nonpetition Covenant. Notwithstanding any prior termination of this Administration Agreement, the Administrator covenants that it shall not, prior to the date which is one year and one day after payment in full of the Storm Recovery Bonds, acquiesce,
petition or otherwise invoke or cause the Issuer to invoke the process of any court or government authority for the purpose of commencing or sustaining an involuntary case against the Issuer under any U.S. federal or state bankruptcy,
insolvency or similar law or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, custodian, sequestrator or other similar official of the Issuer or any substantial part of its property, or ordering the winding up or liquidation of the
affairs of the Issuer.
|
20. |
Pledge to Trustee. The Administrator hereby acknowledges and consents to any pledge and grant of a security interest by the Issuer to the Trustee for the benefit of the Secured Parties pursuant to the Indenture of any or all of the Issuer’s rights
hereunder. For the avoidance of doubt, the Trustee is a third-party beneficiary of this Administration Agreement and is entitled to the rights and benefits hereunder and may enforce the provisions hereof as if it were a party hereto.
|
CLECO SECURITIZATION I LLC,
|
|||
as Issuer
|
|||
By:
|
/s/ William G. Fontenot |
||
Name: William G. Fontenot
|
|||
Title: President
|
|||
CLECO POWER LLC,
|
|||
as Administrator
|
|||
By:
|
/s/ William G. Fontenot |
||
Name: William G. Fontenot
|
|||
Title: Chief Executive Officer
|
Re:
|
Cleco Securitization I LLC:
|
||
Constitutional Issues
|
1
|
See infra note 78. The degree of impairment necessary to meet the standards for relief under the Takings Clauses or Contract Clauses analysis set forth in this opinion could be substantially in
excess of what a Bondholder would consider material.
|
2
|
La. R.S. 45:1234(B). The concluding sentence proviso does not undermine the contractual nature of the Legislative Pledge as evaluated below. It merely acknowledges that the Legislative Pledge is not absolute
and provides the terms upon which the States’s undertakings therein can be changed. See infra note 18.
|
3
|
Even absent this statutory language, the Transaction Documents should be regarded as including the terms of the Securitization Act. Franklin California Tax-Free Trust v. Comm. of Puerto Rico, 85 F.
Supp. 3d 577, 604 (D. P.R. 2015) (“Franklin”), jurisdiction declined over appeal of district court’s order denying motions to dismiss Contract
Clause and Takings Clause claims, and affirmed on other grounds, 805 F.3d 322, 333 (1st Cir. 2015), affirmed on other grounds, 136 S. Ct.
1938 (2016).
|
● |
The LPSC’s Powers
|
● |
Irrevocability of the LPSC Pledge
|
● |
Federal Takings Clause
|
● |
Louisiana Takings Clause
|
● |
Federal Contract Clause
|
● |
Louisiana Contract Clause
|
● |
Reserved Powers Doctrine
|
● |
Jurisprudential Considerations and Injunctions
|
● |
The Constitutional Claims on Direct Review
|
● |
Conclusion: Reserved Powers Doctrine; Legislative Pledge; Takings Clauses; LPSC Pledge; Securitization Act
|
4
|
Entergy Louisiana, LLC v. LPSC, 2016-0424 (La. 2017), 221 So.3d 801, 804 (citations omitted) (“ELL”); Global Tel*Link, Inc. v. LPSC, 1997-0645 (La.
1998), 707 So.2d 28, 33 (citation omitted) (“Global Tel*Link”); accord Opelousas Trust Authority v. Cleco Corp., 2012-0622 (La. 2012), 105
So.3d 26, 36 (“Opelousas”).
|
5
|
The Daily Advertiser v. Trans-LA, 612 So.2d 7, 10 (La. 1993).
|
6
|
Eagle Water, Inc. v. LPSC, 947 So.2d 28, 32-33 (La. 2007); Global Tel*Link, 707 So.2d at 33; Bowie v. LPSC, 627 So.2d 164, 166 (La. 1993) (“Bowie”).
|
7
|
Global Tel*Link, 707 So.2d at 33 (citation omitted).
|
8
|
Bowie, 627 So.2d at 166.
|
9
|
Standard Oil Co. of Louisiana v. LPSC, 97 So. 859, 568 (La. 1923).
|
10
|
Opelousas, 105 So.3d at 38.
|
11
|
ELL, 221 So.3d at 805 (citations omitted); Global Tel*Link, 707 So.2d at 33-34 (citations omitted); Vacuum Track Carriers of Louisiana, Inc. v. LPSC, 2008-2340, 12 So.3d 932, 936 (La.
2009); Voicestream GSMI Operating Co., LLC v. LPSC, 943 So.2d 349, 358 (La. 2006) (“Voicestream”). See infra note 203.
|
12
|
Entergy Gulf States, Inc. v. LPSC, 1998-1235 (La. 1999), 730 So.2d 890, 897 (citations and internal quotation marks omitted); Charles Hopkins DBA Old River Water Company v. LPSC, 2010-CA-0255
(La. 2010), 41 So.3d 479); Gordon v. Council of City of New Orleans, 9 So.3d 63, 72 (La. 2009); Voicestream, 943 So.2d at 362.
|
13
|
Dixie Elec. Membership Corp. v. LPSC, 441 So.2d 1208, 1210 (La. 1983); accord Voicestream; cf. infra note 194.
|
14
|
Id. (citations omitted). Compare City of Arlington, Texas v. F.C.C., 569 U.S. 290, 133 S. Ct. 1863, 81 USLW
4299 (U.S. 2013) (courts must defer to an agency’s interpretation of a statutory ambiguity that concerns the scope of the agency’s jurisdiction). But see infra at notes 205-206 and 224-225.
|
15
|
Louisiana Power & Light Co. v. LPSC, 377 So.2d 1023, 1028 (La. 1979); see infra note 69.
|
16
|
See supra notes 5-6, 8.
|
17
|
Daily Advertiser, 612 So.2d at 16 (quoting Black’s Law Dictionary).
|
18
|
La. R.S. 45:1228(C)(5). The Securitization Act further provides that nothing shall preclude limitation or alteration of the Financing Order if and when full compensation is made for the full protection of the
storm recovery charges collected pursuant to the Financing Order and the full protection of the holders of storm recovery bonds and any assignee or financing parties. The equivalent statement is made with respect to the Legislative
Pledge. La. R.S. 45:1234(B)(3); see supra note 2.
|
19
|
See infra pages 25-26, 29-30, 37-38, and 59-64.
|
20
|
U.S. Const., Amend V.
|
21
|
Webb’s Fabulous Pharmacies, Inc. v. Beckwith, 449 U.S. 155 (1980) (Webb’s); Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Co. v. City of Chicago, 166
U.S. 226, 240 (1897).
|
22
|
Stop the Beach Renourishment, Inc. v. Florida Dep’t. of Envtl Prot., 560 U.S. 702, 713-15 (2010).
|
23
|
Ruckelshaus v. Monsanto Co., 467 U.S. 986 (1984) (“Monsanto”); Tahoe-Sierra Preservation Counsel, Inc. v. Tahoe Regional Planning Agency, 535 U.S.
302, 307 n.1 (2002). See James v. Campbell, 104 U.S. 356, 358 (1881) (patent rights); Eastern Enters. v. Apfel, 524 U.S. 498, 523-24 (1998) (plurality) (applying regulatory takings
framework to financial obligation to fund health benefits); Armstrong v. United States, 364 U.S. 40, 44, 46 (1960) (materialman’s lien); Louisville Joint Stock Land Bank v. Radford, 295 U.S. 555, 596-602 (1935) (real
estate lien protected); see also infra note 26.
|
24
|
Horne v. Dep’t of Agriculture, 576 U.S. 351, 357 (2015) (physical taking of fruit) (“Horne”).
|
25
|
Lafaye v. City of New Orleans, No. 20-41 (E.D. La. 03/09/2021) (court slip op. at 15), 2021 WL 886118, overruled on other grounds, No. 21-30358 (5th Cir.
06/01/2022); see Phillips v. Washington Legal Foundation, 524 U.S. 156, 172 (1998) (under Texas law); Ballinger v. City of Oakland, 24 F.4th 1287, 1294 (9th Cir. 02/01/2022) (money
can be the subject of a per se taking if it is a “specific, identifiable pool of money”). State law or existing rules, and not the United States Constitution, creates the protected property right. Monsanto, 467 U.S. at 1001; Webb’s,
449 U.S. at 161; Board of Regents v. Roth, 408 U.S. 564, 577 (1972).
|
26
|
Lynch v. United States, 292 U.S. 571, 577, 579 (1934) (In general, under the Fifth Amendment, “[v]alid contracts are property, whether the obligor be a private individual, a municipality, a state, or
the United States.”); U.S. Trust Co. of New York v. New Jersey, 431 U.S. 1, 19 n.16 (1977) (dicta); accord King v. United States, No. 18-1115, __ Fed.Cl. __, 2022 WL 1055628, at *16
(Fed. Cl. 04/08/2022). The Supreme Court has also held that legislation that terminates a property interest can be considered a taking for which compensation is due. Hodel v. Irving, 481 U.S. 704 (1987) (federal law escheating
certain fractional interests in tribal property to an Indian tribe was a compensable taking). But see infra note 61.
|
27
|
Connolly v. Pension Benefit Guar. Corp., 475 U.S. 211, 224 (1986) (“Connolly”).
|
28
|
Id. at 223-24.
|
29
|
Horne, 576 U.S. at 364; Connolly, 475 U.S. at 224; Penn Central Transportation Co. v. New York City, 438 U.S. 104, 124 (1978); Monsanto 467 U.S. at 1005. Federal Takings Clause
cases can generally be divided into two distinct categories: physical takings, where the government physically occupies or takes title to private property, and regulatory takings, where the government regulates the use of private
property. Yee v. City of Escondido, 503 U.S. 519, 522-23 (1992). The United States Supreme Court has identified two types of regulatory actions that constitute per se regulatory taking that create a categorical obligation for
the government to compensate a property owner: regulations that involve a permanent physical invasion of property and regulations that permanently deprive the owner of all economically beneficial use of the property. Lingle v.
Chevron USA, Inc., 544 U.S. 528, 538 (2005). (Louisiana follows the same analysis under the Louisiana Constitution. See Robert v. State, 327 So.3d 546, 560-63 (La. App. 4th Cir.
2021).) Outside of this latter type of regulatory takings, which does not require complex analysis to warrant compensation, Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council, 505 U.S. 1003, 1015 (1992), the third type of other regulatory
action requires the ad hoc factual inquiry noted in the text. See infra note 39. Horne emphasizes the different treatment of precedents for physical taking versus regulatory taking, Horne,
576 U.S. at 361. The Supreme Court further has recognized an exception to the requirement of compensation when a taking by the government is necessitated by an imminent emergency requiring immediate government action, even when the
economic impact is severe. The emergency exception to the just compensation requirement of the Federal Takings Clause appears in several Supreme Court decisions involving the government's activities during military hostilities.
United States v. Caltex (Philippines), Inc., 344 U.S. 149, 154 (1952) (relying, in part, on the common law, which had “long recognized that in time of imminent peril - such as when fire threatened a whole community - the sovereign
could, with immunity, destroy the property of a few that the property of many and the lives of many more could be saved,” the court found no taking when the U.S. military destroyed private oil facilities in the Philippines to prevent the
Japanese from taking control of the facilities during World War II; Nat'l Bd. of Young Men's Christian Ass'ns v. United States, 395 U.S. 85 (1969) (no compensable taking where private property destroyed by rioters when U.S. troops
take shelter there in the course of battle); United States v. Cent. Eureka Mining Co., 357 U.S. 155 (1958) (no compensable taking when government forced gold mines to cease operations to conserve mining resources for war effort);
United States v. Pacific Railroad, 120 U.S. 227 (1887) (no compensation required due to exigencies of war when the military destroyed private bridges to prevent the advance of the enemy); American
Mfrs. Mut. Ins. Co. v. United States, 453 F.2d 1380, 1381 (Ct. Cl. 1972) (compensation not required when private vessel was “destroyed as part of the fortunes of war and by actual and
necessary military operations in attacking and defending against enemy forces”). Compare United States v. Pewee Coal Co., 341 U.S. 114 (1951) (plurality opinion) (compensable taking when
occupation is physical rather than regulatory, emergency notwithstanding). The emergency exception is not limited to wartime activities, however. See, e.g., Dames & Moore v. Regan,
453 U.S. 654 (1981) (no compensable taking resulting from President’s executive order nullifying attachments on Iranian assets and permitting those assets to be transferred out of the country); Miller v. Schoene, 276 U.S. 272
(1928) (no due process violation where trees destroyed to prevent disease from spreading to other trees); Bowditch v. Boston, 101 U.S. 16, 18-19 (1879) (discussing common law and natural law supporting government immunity for
destroying property to prevent imminent fueling of an ongoing fire). The emergency exception is not limited to the physical destruction of property by the government, see Cent. Eureka Mining, 357 U.S. at 168, but the Supreme
Court did not mention the exception in finding a taking by wartime physical occupation of property, see Pewee, 341 U.S. at 116-17 (plurality opinion), which constitutes a per se taking.
Arguably a permanent appropriation of property by the government would be generally inconsistent with the concept of an “emergency” in this context. See Cent. Eureka Mining, 357 U.S. at
168 (describing wartime restrictions as “temporary in character”). Compare infra note 235 (impairment of contracts due to emergencies).
|
30
|
Connolly, 475 U.S. at 225. “In discerning whether a taking has occurred, the first two factors are the main determinants,” and “the third ‘may be relevant.’” Heights Apartments, LLC v. Walz,
30 F.4th 720, 734 (8th Cir. 04/05/2022) (quoting Lingle v. Chevron USA, Inc., 544 U.S. 528, 538-39 (2005)).
|
31
|
Penn Coal Co. v. Mahon, 260 U.S. 393, 413 (1922); Loveladies Harbor, Inc. v. U.S., 28 F.3d 1171, 1176-77 (Fed. Cir. 1994) (“Loveladies”), abrogated on other grounds by Bass Enterprises Prod. Co. v. United States, 381 F.3d 1360, 1369-70 (Fed Cir. 2004).
|
32
|
Armstrong v. U.S., 364 U.S. 40, 48 (1960); Yee, supra note 29, 503 U.S. at 522-23.
|
33
|
Loveladies, 28 F.3d at 1177. Accord Anaheim Gardens, L.P. v. United States, 953 F.3d 1344, 1349-51 (Fed. Cir. 2020) (where sophisticated investor
voluntarily bought property after challenged legislation enacted, the “complete lack of investment-back expectations overwhelmingly outweighs” the other Penn Central factors). Compare infra
notes 80 and 116 (reasonable reliance in Federal Contract Clause claims). But cf. Palm Beach Isles Associates v. U.S., 231 F.3d 1354, 1364 (Fed. Cir. 2000) (clarifying Loveladies
dictum by holding that in a categorical regulatory taking, in which all economically viable use and economic value has been taken by the regulatory imposition, the property owner is entitled to
recovery without regard to consideration of investment-backed expectations. In such a case, “reasonable investment-backed expectations” are not a proper part of the analysis, just as they are not in a physical takings case). See also Avenal v. U.S., 100 F.3d 933 (Fed. Cir. 1996) (holders of oyster bed leases, which are “property,” did not have reasonable investment-backed expectations so as to be entitled to
compensation due to the impact of a government freshwater diversion project, because they knew when they acquired the leases that their property rights were subject to inevitable changes that the long-anticipated project would bring
about).
|
34
|
Keystone Bituminous Coal Ass’n v. DeBenedictis, 480 U.S. 470, 493 (1987).
|
35
|
Monsanto, 467 U.S. at 1005 (quoting Webb’s, 449 U.S. at 161); accord Dennis Melancon, Inc. v. City of New Orleans, 703 F.3d 262 (5th Cir. 2012) (“Melancon”) (rejecting takings claim based on unilateral expectation that highly regulated framework of taxicab licensing would not be changed).
|
36
|
Usery v. Turner Elkhorn Mining Co., 428 U.S. 1, 16 (1976).
|
37
|
Connolly, 475 U.S. at 224.
|
38
|
Chang v. U.S., 859 F.2d 893, 897 (Fed Cir. 1988). See State v. Perez Enterprises, LLC, No. S-1-SC-38510, 2021-NMSC-022, 489 P.3d 925 (N.M. 06/07/2021)
(state’s emergency public health orders limiting and closing businesses due to COVID-19 pandemic do not support a regulatory takings compensation claim because such orders are reasonable exercise of the police power).
|
39
|
Bass Enterprises Prod. Co. v. United States, 381 F.3d 1360, 1370 (Fed. Cir. 2004). See South Grande View Dev. Co. v. City of Alabaster, Alabama, 1 F.4th
1299, 1311 (11th Cir. 2021) (the “character of the government action” factor is another way to examine the severity of the government interference with property rights in a Federal Takings Clause claims); see also Tahoe-Sierra Preservation Council, Inc. v. Tahoe Regional Planning Agency, 535 U.S. 302, 323 (2002) (cases involving regulatory takings necessarily entail that courts conduct complex factual assessments
of the “purposes and economic effects of government actions”); Yee, 503 U.S. at 522-23; Keystone Bituminous Coal Ass’n v. DeBenedictis, 480 U.S. 470, 484 (1987).
|
40
|
Connolly, 475 U.S. at 225.
|
41
|
Connolly, 475 U.S. at 226.
|
42
|
Id.
|
43
|
Id. at 226-27.
|
44
|
Id. at 226.
|
45
|
Id. at 227.
|
46
|
Id. Because many factors could have an impact on the market price of the Bonds, maintenance of the market price of the Bonds might be considered a unilateral
expectation of the Bondholders and not a reasonable investment-back expectation.
|
47
|
Id. (internal quotation marks and citations omitted); accord Melancon, 703 F.3d at 272-75. Nonetheless, the
“fact that a property interest arises in a highly regulated environment does not per se render that property interest incognizable under the fifth amendment.” King v. United States, No. 18-1115, __ Fed.Cl. __, 2022 WL 1055628, at
*22 (Fed. Cl. 04/08/2022).
|
48
|
Connolly, 475 U.S. at 225.
|
49
|
Id. (citations omitted).
|
50
|
See infra notes 148 and 172; Melendez v. City of New York, 16 F.4th 992, 1020 n.45 (2d Cir. 10/28/2021) (recognition of some overlap in the protections afforded
to private contracts by the Takings Clause and Contract Clause may explain how compensation came to figure in a subsequent balancing approach to Contract Clause).
|
51
|
459 U.S. 70 (1982).
|
52
|
Id. at 412 (citation omitted). See Hodel v. Irving, 481 U.S. 704 (1987) (federal statute escheating certain
fractional interests in tribal property to an Indian tribe was a compensable taking, as total abrogation of a property right.)
|
53
|
Id. The U.S. Constitution is concerned with the means used as well as the ends. Horne, 576 U.S. at 362.
|
54 |
La. Const. Art. I, Sec. 4. See infra note 213.
|
55 |
State, Through DOTD v. Chambers Investment Co., Inc., 595 So.2d 598, 602 (La. 1992) (“Chambers”); Tucker v. Parish of St. Bernard, 2010 WL
3283093 (E.D. La. 8/7/2010).
|
56 |
Chambers, 595 So.2d at 602.
|
57 |
Id.
|
58 |
Avenal v. State of Louisiana through DNR, 2003-3521 (La. 2004), 886 So.2d 1085, 1104 (citations omitted) (“Avenal”).
|
59 |
See Avenal, 886 So.2d at 1106, 1107 (coastal restoration project did not constitute compensable damaging of leases of oyster fishermen where, inter alia,
leases did not guarantee commercial viability, and restoration project did not completely and permanently destroy economic value of leases); see also Annison v. Hoover, 517 So.2d 420,
432 (La. App. 1 Cir. 1987) (“We hold that a regulatory program that adversely affects property values does not constitute a taking unless it destroys a major portion of the property’s value.”) (citations omitted); writ denied, 519 So.2d 148 (La. 1988).
|
60 |
See, e.g., Louisiana Power & Light Co. v. LPSC, 343 So.2d 1040, 1043 (La. 1977) (order inhibiting duplicative utility facilities was a reasonable
exercise of LPSC’s constitutional jurisdiction, and therefore not a compensable taking); Belle Co. LLC v. State of Louisiana through DEQ, 2008-2382 (La. App. 1 Cir. 2009), 25 So.3d 847, writ
denied, 18 So.3d 1288 and 1291 (La. 2009).
|
61 |
See Avenal, 886 So.2d at 1107 n.28 (discussing Federal Takings Clause analysis). Although the factors set forth in Chambers under the Louisiana
Takings Clause do not expressly include that Connolly factor, we believe it would be considered in the analysis. See supra note 59. Compare Urban
Developers LLC v. City of Jackson, 468 F.3d 281, 303 (5th Cir. 2006) (“It is an unsettled question, of course, the extent to which many jurisdictions will recognize as protected by the Takings Clause a property right in
contract”) and Brandmeyer v. Regents of the Univ. of California, No. 20-cv-02886-SK, 2020 WL 6816788, at *6-7 (N.D. Cal. 11/10/2020) (plaintiffs’ attempt to disguise their breach of
contract claim as a takings violation is unavailing) with Franklin, supra note 3, 85 F. Supp. 3d 577, 611 (“contracts are a form of property
for purposes of the [Federal] Takings Clause”); see also supra note 26.
|
62
|
U.S. Const. Art. I, Sec. X, Cl. 1. The United States Supreme Court has referred to this constitutional provision both as the “Contract Clause,” see, e.g., United
States Trust Co. of New York v. New Jersey, 431 U.S. 1, 14 (1977), and the “Contracts Clause”, see, e.g., Sveen v. Melin, 138 S. Ct 1815, 1821 (2018). In this opinion, we
employ the former more traditional appellation, except when quoted text does otherwise.
|
63 |
Sveen v. Melin, 138 S. Ct. 1815, 1822 n.3, 201 L. Ed. 2d 180 (2018), infra note 66; Energy Reserves Group, Inc. v. Kansas Power & Light Co.,
459 U.S. 400, 410 (1983); see Borman, LLC v. 18718 Borman LLC, 777 F.3d 816, 825-26 (6th Cir. 2015) (applying Energy Reserves framework to debt contracts, in the same manner
as other contracts, with no additional constitutional protection to debt contracts, and noting the Supreme Court flatly rejects that public purpose here is limited to crises or emergency or temporary situations, and further noting
an impairment takes on constitutional dimensions only when it interferes with reasonably expected contractual benefits). See also Segura v. Frank, 630 So.2d 714, 728 (La. 1994) and
infra notes 111, 119, and 235; compare supra note 29 (emergency exception to Federal Takings Clause).
|
64 |
United States Trust Co. of New York v. New Jersey, 431 U.S. 1, 21, 25 (1977) (“U.S. Trust”) (“As with laws impairing the obligations of private
contracts, an impairment [of a state contract] may be constitutional if it is reasonable and necessary to serve an important public purpose.”) See infra notes 83 and 101. The United States
Supreme Court has recently declined to address the contention that the modern test departs from the Federal Contract Clause’s original meaning and earliest applications. Sveen, infra
note 66, 584 U.S. at 1822 n.3.
|
65 |
See infra notes 67, 100, 108, 109, 111, and 172.
|
66 |
Sveen v. Melin, 138 S. Ct. 1815, 1821-22, 201 L. Ed. 2d 180 (2018) (“Sveen”). See infra notes 85 and 99.
|
67
|
For purposes of Federal Contract Clause analysis, the question whether a contract was made is a federal question. General Motors Corp. v. Romein, 503 U.S. 181, 187 (1992). Clearly the
Transaction includes private parties’ contracts between the Bondholders and the Issuer that could be impaired, even if the Pledges themselves were found not to be contracts of the State. But while in theory an impairment of the
Storm Recovery Property could be successfully challenged (albeit potentially under a more difficult to overcome standard of review, see infra note 100) even if the Pledges are not contracts
binding on the State, we believe that a finding that the Pledges are not valid and binding contractual obligations under the reserved powers doctrine likely also would be fatal to a Contract Clauses claim on the Transaction’s purely
private contracts. See infra pages 25-26, 29-30, 37-38, and 59-64.
|
68 |
National R.R. Passenger Corp. v. Atchison, Topeka & Sante Fe Ry Co., 470 U.S. 451, 466 (1985) (“National R.R.”) (citation omitted); see also General Motors Corp. v. Romein, 503 U.S. 181, 187-89 (1992).
|
69 |
New Orleans Public Service, Inc. v. Council of City of New Orleans, 491 U.S. 350, 371 (see infra note 136); Louisville
& Nashville R.R. Co. v. Garrett, 231 U.S. 298, 305, 318 (1913) (order of railroad commission fixing rates is a law passed by the state, within the meaning of the Federal Contract Clause); Louisiana Power & Light
Co. v. LPSC, 377 So.2d 1023, 1028 (La. 1979); Louisiana Gas Service v. LPSC, 162 So.2d 555, 563 (La. 1964); United Gas Pipe Line Co. v. LPSC, 130 So.2d 652, 657 (La. 1961); see
Community House, Inc. v. City of Boise, Idaho, 623 F.3d 945, 960 (9th Cir. 2010) (discussing four factors used in determining whether an act is legislative in its character and effect); cf. New Orleans Waterworks Co. v. Louisiana Sugar Ref. Co., 125 U.S. 18, 30 (1888) (“[N]ot only must the obligation of a contract have been impaired, but it must
have been impaired by a law of the state. The prohibition is aimed at the legislative power of the state, and not at the decisions of its courts, or the acts of administrative or executive boards or officers, or the doings of
corporations or individuals.”); accord Tidal Oil Co. v. Flanagan, 263 U.S. 444, 451 (1924) (emphasis deleted); supra note 15 and infra notes 135, 172, and 179.
|
70 |
Dodge v. Board of Educ., 302 U.S. 74, 78 (1937).
|
71 |
Infra at note 101.
|
72 |
United States Trust Co. of New York v. New Jersey, 431 U.S. 1, 18 (1977) (emphasis added). The issue of the existence of a contract between the two states and the bondholders was not disputed on
appeal, but the Supreme Court expressly reviewed the language itself and the surrounding circumstances and concluded there was no doubt the covenant was properly characterized as a contractual obligation of the two states to secure
the marketability of those bonds. It could be contended that the factual situation in U.S. Trust is distinguishable from the facts involved in the issuance of the storm recovery bonds. In U.S. Trust the bonds were
issued by a governmental agency, while the storm recovery bonds are not. However, the authority to issue the storm recovery bonds is completely dependent under the Securitization Act upon the LPSC issuing an order, and thus the
issuance of the storm recovery bonds is fully state-sanctioned in a manner closely analogous to the situation in U.S. Trust.
|
73 |
National R.R., 470 U.S. at 470. Similarly, in Indiana ex rel. Anderson v. Brand, 303 U.S. 95, 104-05 (1938), the United States Supreme Court determined in a materially different context
that the Indiana Teachers’ Tenure Act created a contract between the state and specified teachers because the statutory language demonstrated a clear legislative intent to contract. The Supreme Court based its decision, in part, on
the legislature’s use of the word “contract” throughout the statute to describe the legal relationship between the state and such teachers. See also Elliot v. Board of Sch. Teachers of
Madison Consol. Schs., 876 F.3d 926 (7th Cir. 2017) (overturning law impairing statutory tenure entitlements).
|
74 |
National R.R., 470 U.S. at 456, 467, 469.
|
75 |
Id. at 469. The mere use of the word “contract” in a statute will not necessarily evince the requisite legislative
intent. As the Court cautioned in National R.R., the use of the word “contract” alone would not signify the existence of a contract with the government. Id. at 470. In National R.R., the Court found that use of the word “contract” in the
Rail Passenger Service Act defined only the relationship between the newly-created nongovernmental corporation (Amtrak) and the railroads, not the relationship between the United States and the railroads. The Court determined
that “[l]egislation outlining the terms on which private parties may execute contracts does not on its own constitute a statutory contract.” Id. at 467.
|
76 |
The definition of the Legislature’s term -- “pledge” -- is “to bind by a solemn promise.” CONCISE OXFORD DICTIONARY OF CURRENT ENGLISH 914 (8th ed. 1990). Melancon, 703 F.3d at 275-77
(contrasting United States Supreme Court findings of statutory language demonstrating an intent to extend an offer of a contractual nature); Franklin, supra note 3, 85 F. Supp. 3d
577, 604.
|
77 |
Supra pages 5-6.
|
78 |
See supra note 1. We note, however, that in U.S. Trust, supra note 64 and infra
note 101, the United States Supreme Court found a substantial impairment where the States of New York and New Jersey repealed outright an “important security provision” securing repayment of bonds without any form of compensation
to the bondholders, even in the absence of a finding of the extent of financial loss suffered by the bondholders as a result of the repeal. The effect of the repeal of the covenant limiting subsidies of mass transit was difficult
to quantify because the bonds recovered much of their market price following an initial decline in value and retained an “A” rating. 431 U.S. 1, 18-19 (1977). See also Home Bldg.
& Loan Ass’n v. Blaisdell, 290 U.S. 398, 429-35 (1934). Soon after U.S. Trust was decided, the New York Court of Appeals relied upon the decision to apply the Contract Clause to invalidate a state statute
revoking an authorized toll increase and imposing a new restrictive procedure for toll increases because New York had enacted a statutory pledge not to interfere with authorized toll increases and not to limit or alter the rights
vested in the authority to the detriment of bondholders. Patterson v. Carey, 363 N.E. 2d 1146, 1152-53 (1977). In Patterson, the tolls were the sole source of revenue for repayment of the bonds issued to finance
the highway, similar to the Storm Recovery Charges’ role in repayment of the Bonds. Id. at 1150-51. In Board of Comm’rs v. Department of Natural Resources, 496 So.2d 281, 294-95
(La. 1986), the Louisiana Supreme Court found a state law did not operate as a substantial impairment of government bonds where there was no modification of a contractual right, a remedy or a security device, no showing of any
danger of a default upon the bonds, no decline in the value of the bonds in the market, and no showing that the legislative act took from the bonds the quality of an acceptable investment for a rational investor. In State ex
rel. Porterie v. Walmsley, 162 So. 826 (La. 1935), the Louisiana Supreme Court also found a statute changing the membership of a board did not impair the contract rights of bondholders because the statute did not disturb the
mode of payment of both principal and interest on bonds issued by that board and thus did not impair the means, which at the time of their creation, the law afforded for their enforcement. Cf. Baptiste
v. Kennealy, 490 F. Supp. 3d 353 (D. Mass. 2020) (not possible to determine conclusively the extent of the impairment because not clear when the COVID-19 temporary moratorium on
residential evictions will end).
|
79 |
Sveen, 138 S. Ct. at 1822 (citations omitted). Sveen stopped its analysis at step one because it found the statute at issue did not substantially impair pre-existing contractual
arrangements. “Not every statute which affects the value of a contract … impair[s] its obligation.” Id. at 1824 (citation omitted).
|
80 |
City of Charleston v. Public Service Commission of West Virginia, 57 F.3d 385, 392 (4th Cir. 1995). See Sveen, 138 S. Ct. at 1823 (insured cannot
reasonably rely on a beneficiary designation remaining in place after a divorce). Compare supra note 33 (reasonable reliance in Federal Takings Clause cases).
|
81 |
American Express Travel Related Services Inc. v. Sidomen-Eristoff, 669 F.3d 359, 369 (3d Cir. 2012); see Lipscomb v. Columbus Municipal Separate School
District, 269 F.3d 494, 510 (5th Cir. 2001); see also Veix v. Sixth Ward Bldg & Loan Ass’n, 310 U.S. 32 (1940) (relying on fact that savings and loan associations had been
subject to continuous statutory regulation from the outset of the industry); infra note 96; c.f. supra note 33 and infra notes 80 and 116.
|
82 |
City of Charleston, supra note 80, at 392-94.
|
83 |
United States Trust Co. of New York v. New Jersey, 431 U.S. 1, 19 (1977); supra note 64 and infra note 101. See also City of Shreveport v. Cole, 129 U.S. 36, 9 S. Ct. 210, 2 L. Ed. 589 (1889); Ralls County Court v. United States, 105 U.S. 733, 26 L. Ed. 1220 (1881).
|
84 |
See infra pages 37-38 and pages 59-64.
|
85 |
Sveen, 138 S. Ct. at 1822; Allied Structural Steel Co. v. Spannaus, 438 U.S. 234, 244; U.S. Trust, 431 U.S. at 22; see supra note 66 and infra note 99. In Melendez v. City of New York, 16 F.4th 992, 1031 n.62 (2d Cir. 10/28/2021), the court noted that the opinions in U.S. Trust and Energy Reserves, infra note 90, both appear to use “appropriate” and “necessary” interchangeably to identify the relevant standard of review, and thus assumed Sveen did not pronounce any different
standard of review by using “appropriate” from that identified in U.S. Trust and Allied Structural.
|
86 |
Home Bldg & Loan Ass’n v. Blaisdell, 290 U.S. 398 (1934) (citations omitted) (“Blaisdell”).
|
87 |
The mortgagor was required to continue to pay the reasonable income or rental value of the property, as determined by the court, toward payment of taxes, insurance, interest and principal. The law
stated that it was to remain in effect only during the current emergency and no later than May 1, 1935; no redemption period could be extended beyond the expiration of the law. Blaisdell, 290 U.S. at 415-18.
|
88 |
Id. at 439-40.
|
89 |
Allied Structural, 438 U.S. at 242; Blaisdell, 290 U.S. at 444-45; Melendez v. City of New York, 16 F.4th 992, 1023-24, 1038-40 (2d Cir. 10/28/2021) (“Melendez”) (challenged law not temporary).
|
90 |
Energy Reserves Group, Inc. v. Kansas Power & Light Co., 459 U.S. 400 (1983) (“Energy Reserves”); see infra
note 235.
|
91 |
Allied Structural Steel Co. v. Spannaus, 438 U.S. 234, 250 (1978). Compare Heights Apartments, LLC v. Walz, 30 F.4th 720, 729 n.8 (8th Cir.
04/05/2021) (reversing dismissal of Contract Clause challenge to eviction moratorium executive orders response to COVID-19 pandemic; finding Ninth Circuit’s decision in Apt. Ass’n of L.A. County “unpersuasive”) and Melendez, supra note 89, 16 F.4th at 1040 n.70 (2d Cir. 10/28/2021) (reversing dismissal of Contract Clause challenge to lease guaranty relief
law response to COVID-19 pandemic), with Apt. Ass’n of L.A. County v. City of Los Angeles, 10 F.4th 905 (9th Cir. 8/25/2021) (“Los Angeles”)
(upholding district court ruling that plaintiff had not shown the required likelihood of success on the merits to obtain a preliminary injunction because eviction moratorium is likely a reasonable response to the problems
identified by local officials in COVID-19 pandemic). See also discussion infra at note 235.
|
92 |
Blaisdell, 290 U.S. at 444. Compare Campanelli v. Allstate Life Ins. Co., 322 F.3d 1086, 1099 (9th Cir. 2003) (holding in the wake of the
Northridge Earthquake that “[p]rotecting the rights of victims” was a “significant and legitimate public purpose”); Vesta Fire Ins. Corp. v. Florida, 141 F.3d 1427, 1434 (11th Cir. 1998) (holding in the wake of Hurricane
Andrew that “protection and stabilization of the Florida economy, particularly the real estate market,” was a “significant and legitimate public purpose”), abrogated on other grounds
by South Grande View Dev. Co. v. City of Alabaster, Alabama, 1 F.4th 1299, 1310-12 (11th Cir. 2021); State v. All Prop. & Cas. Ins. Carriers Authorized & Licensed To Do Bus. In State, 937 So.2d 313, 326 (La.
2006) (holding in the wake of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita that “legislative extension of the prescriptive period for damage claims is based upon a significant and legitimate public purpose”) (see
infra note 125); cf Welch v. Brown 551 F. App’x 804, 811 (6th Cir. 2014) (agreeing with cases that “addressing a fiscal emergency is a legitimate public purpose”). See also discussion infra at note 235. In several cases contemporaneous with Blaisdell, the United States Supreme Court struck down other laws
lacking one or more of Blaisdell’s five factors passed in response to the economic emergency created by the Great Depression, thus reinforcing the notion that, to be justified, the impairment must be the result of a
reasonable, necessary and tailored response to a broad and significant public concern. See Treigle v. Acme Homestead Ass’n, 297 U.S. 189 (1936); W. B. Worthen Co. v. Kavanaugh, 295 U.S. 56 (1935); W. B. Worthen
Co. v. Thomas, 292 U.S. 42 (1934); see also Baptiste v. Kennealy, 490 F. Supp. 3d 353 (D. Mass. 2020), supra note 78 (denying a
preliminary injunction, finding that plaintiffs were unlikely to prove that a temporary moratorium on residential evictions was not a reasonable and appropriate response to significant and legitimate public purpose of the growing
threat of COVID-19 pandemic), and supra notes 235-236. The tailoring of the response must be reasonable, not necessarily narrow. Heights Apartments, LLC v. Walz, 30 F.4th 720, 731
(8th Cir. 04/05/2022).
|
93 |
Allied Structural Steel Co. v. Spannaus, 438 U.S. 234 (1978) (“Allied Structural”).
|
94 |
Id. at 249.
|
95 |
Energy Reserves, 459 U.S. at 416-17. The United States Supreme Court has upheld state statutes which were aimed at protecting the public at large: protecting homeowners from loss of their homes
via foreclosure, Blaisdell; providing for the general welfare of citizens by the reclamation of overflowed infertile lands and the erection of dams, levees and dikes for that purpose, Manigault v. Springs, 199 U.S.
473 (1905); preserving fresh water, Hudson Valley Water Company v. McCarter, 209 U.S. 349 (1908); protecting employee pensioners, Allied Structural; and protecting insurance policyholders, Sveen.
|
96 |
Emergency does not create power and does not increase granted power, but mitigation of economic emergencies is recognized in controlling precedent as a public purpose that can support contract
impairment. Melendez, 16 F.4th at 1022-23, 1036-37. Nonetheless it is clear that the United States Supreme Court has flatly rejected the argument that such public purpose need be addressed only to an emergency or temporary
situation. Energy Reserves, 459 U.S. at 412 (“Furthermore, since [Blaisdell], the Court has indicated that the public purpose need not be addressed to an emergency or temporary situation.”); Borman, LLC v. 18718
Borman LLC, 777 F.3d 816, 825 (6th Cir. 2015); Los Angeles, 10 F.4th at 916. Decisions subsequent to Blaisdell affirmed state legislation of a non-emergency nature modifying private contractual rights based
upon proof of a public purpose and the legislative amendment being responsive to that purpose, but on occasion struck down as unconstitutional state laws with a disproportionate adverse effect on creditors. Veix v. Sixth Ward
Bldg. & Loan Ass’n, supra note 81, is notable because it upheld a non-emergency statutory revision of the right to redeem savings and loan ownership shares. 310 U.S. 32 (1940).
The Court relied upon older authority, which affirmed statutes providing for modification of utility contract rates, and the fact that savings and loan associations had been subject to continuous statutory regulation from the outset
of the industry, indicating a heightened role for legislative action and a lower expectation of absolute freedom of contract. None of these decisions addressed an express covenant with the state itself such as is presented by the
Pledges. See infra discussion at note 235.
|
97 |
Blaisdell, 290 U.S. at 445.
|
98 |
Allied Structural, 438 U.S. at 250. The United States Supreme Court later emphasized its recognition that the invalidated law may even have been directed at only one particular employer. Energy
Reserves, 459 U.S. at 412 n.13. See also United Healthcare Ins. Co. v. Davis, 602 F.3d 618, 631 (5th Cir. (La.) 2010) (holding Louisiana statute invalid under the Federal
Contract Clause as economic protectionism; statute narrowly focused on benefitting specific in-state company and was not a broad exercise of the State’s police power). Compare, e.g., Los
Angeles, 10 F.4th at 914 (eviction moratorium’s elements are reasonable attempts to address COVID-19 pandemic broadly).
|
99 |
Energy Reserves, 459 U.S. at 43 (internal quotation marks and citation omitted). See supra notes 66 and 85.
|
100 |
National R.R., 470 U.S. at 471 n.24 (emphasis added); see supra notes 65 and 67 and infra notes 108, 109, 111,
131, 172, and 194.
|
101 |
United States Trust Co. of New York v. New Jersey, 431 U.S. 1 (1977) (“U.S. Trust”); supra notes 64, 71-72
and 83.
|
102 |
Id. at 9-12.
|
103 |
Id. 431 U.S. at 12-14.
|
104 |
Id. at 21 (internal quotation marks and citations omitted).
|
105 |
Id. at 23 (citations omitted); see pages 37-38 and pages 59-64.
|
106 |
U.S. Trust at 24-25 (“Whatever the propriety of a State’s binding itself to a future course of conduct in other contexts, the power to enter into effective financial contracts cannot be
questioned.”).
|
107 |
Id. at 25.
|
108 |
Id. at 26. See infra note 111. See discussion of the general
principle of U.S. Trust and Allied Structural as applicable to private, as well as public, contracts in Melendez, 16 F.4th at 1018 n.43, 1021 n.46, and 1027-29.
|
109 |
U.S. Trust. at 29-31. The Supreme Court noted that although when the bills to repeal the covenant were pending “a national energy crisis was developing,” the need for mass transportation was “not
a new development and the likelihood that publicly owned commuter railroads would produce substantial deficits was well known” when the covenant was adopted. Id. at 13-14, 31-32. An
impairment is not a reasonable one if the problem sought to be resolved by the impairment of the contract existed at the time the contractual obligation was incurred. Univ. of Hawaii Prof’l Assembly v. Cayetano, 183 F.3d
1096, 1107 (9th Cir. 1999). Compare Faitoute Iron & Steel Co. v. City of Ashbury Park, 316 U.S. 502 (1942) (In the context of a municipal insolvency during the Great Depression,
a state has the right to use its police power to create a reasonable process for the payment of unsecured municipal debts, and as part of the exercise of that power, a state can modify the term for the payment of those debts
without violating constitutional prohibition against contract impairment). In U.S. Trust, the Supreme Court noted that the “only time in this century that alteration of a municipal bond contract has been sustained by this
Court” was in Faitoute Iron. U.S. Trust, 431 U.S. at 27. In Energy Reserves, the Supreme Court noted that in “almost every case” the Supreme Court “has held a governmental unit to its contractual obligation
when it enters financial or other markets.” Energy Reserves, 459 U.S. at 412, n.14.
|
110 |
U.S. Trust, 431 U.S. at 31.
|
111 |
Energy Reserves, 459 U.S. at 412, 413 n.14; Allied Structural, 438 U.S. at 244 n.15; supra notes 65, 67, 100, 108, and 109 and infra notes 131, 172, and 194; United Steel Paper & Forestry Rubber Mfg. v. Virgin Islands, 842 F.3d 201, 212 (3d Cir. 2016) (“when a State is a contracting party, its ‘legislative
judgment is subject to stricter scrutiny than when the legislation affects only private contracts’”) (citation omitted); United Auto., Aerospace, Agricultural Implement Workers of Am. Int’l Union v. Fortuño, 633 F.3d 37, 43
(1st Cir. 2011); United Healthcare Ins. Co. v. Davis, 602 F.3d 618, 627 at n.6 (5th Cir. (La.) 2010). Compare Buffalo Teachers Federation v. Tobe, 464 F.3d 362, 369-71 (2d
Cir. 2006) (expressly not deciding whether the higher standard is warranted when a subsidiary of the state rather than the state itself is the contract counterparty, and noting that this so-called stricter or “heightened scrutiny”
is not as exacting as that commonly understood as strict scrutiny; the court held it was not necessary to determine what level of deference to apply because the challenged action was reasonable and necessary even under the less
deferential standard). Compare note 131. But see supra notes 65 and 100, noting that in the later case of National R.R. the Supreme Court
concluded that no alleged impairment by the Government of its own contract existed and therefore there was “no need to consider whether an allegation of a government breach of its own
contract warrants application” of a more rigorous standard of review, and suggested only that the Government’s impairment of its own obligations “perhaps” should be treated differently. 470
U.S. at 471 and n.24 (emphasis added); see also infra notes 172 and 194 and the dissent in U.S. Trust, which noted the absence of prior authority adopting this rational. U.S.
Trust, 431 U.S. at 59 (Brennan, J., dissenting); accord JAMES W. ELY, JR., THE CONTRACT CLAUSE, A CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY 7-29 (page 222), University Press of Kansas 2016.
|
112 |
518 U.S. 839 (1996).
|
113 |
Id. at 856.
|
114 |
Id. at 903.
|
115 |
City of Charleston, 57 F.3d at 392-393 (citations omitted). Accord BellSouth Telecommunications, LLC v. City of New Orleans, 31 F. Supp. 3d 819
(E.D. La. 2014) (the City has no authority to unilaterally increase amount utility owes under irrevocable franchise contract for the use of rights-of-way).
|
116 |
In discussing the earlier case of El Paso v. Simmons, 379 U.S. 497 (1965), which held that a law shortening the time within which a defaulted land claim could be reinstated did not violate the
Federal Contract Clause, the Allied Structural opinion highlighted that the basis for the El Paso holding was the United States Supreme Court’s quoted conclusion that “[w]e do not believe that it can seriously be
contended that the buyer was substantially induced to enter into these contracts on the basis” of the altered law. 438 U.S. at 244 n.14. In Board of Comm’rs v. Department of Natural Resources, 496 So.2d 281, 294 (La.
1986), the Louisiana Supreme Court doubted the right of a successor bondholder, who purchased the bonds after and with full knowledge of the allegedly impairing legislative enactment, to have a cause of action for impairment. See supra notes 33, 78, 80, and 82.
|
117
|
La.Const. Art. I, Sec. 23.
|
118
|
Smith v. Board of Trustees, 851 So.2d 1100, 1108 (La. 2003); Concerned Citizens of Eastover, LLC v. Eastover Neighborhood Improvement and Security District, 214 So.3d 156, 161 (La. App.
4th Cir. 2017) (“Eastover”); Morial v. Smith & Wesson Corp., 785 So.2d 1, 12 (La. 2001) (“Morial”); Segura v. Frank,
630 So.2d 714, 728 (La. 1994) (“Segura”); see Insurance Carriers infra note 125; see, e.g. Metropolitan Life Ins. Co. v. Morris, 159 So. 388 (La. 1935) (applying Blaisdell to uphold a Louisiana mortgage moratorium law).
|
119
|
Segura, 630 So.2d at 728; accord Higginbotham v. City of Baton Rouge, 183 So. 168, 171 (La. 1938); Eastover, 214 So.3d at 161; see supra note 63.
|
120
|
Supra pages 20 and 25.
|
121
|
Eastover, 214 So.3d at 162.
|
122
|
D’Antonio v. Board of Levee Commissioners of the Orleans Levee District, 80 So.2d 81, 83 (La. 1955).
|
123
|
Ranger v. the City of New Orleans, 34 La. Ann. 1149 (1882); see State ex rel. Portierie v. Walmsley, 162 So. 826 (La. 1935).
|
124
|
Wolff v. New Orleans, 103 U.S. 358, 365, 367 (1880).
|
125
|
No. 2006-CD-2030, 937 So.2d 313 (La. 2006) (“Insurance Carriers”).
|
126
|
The defendants’ other arguments, regarding standing, procedural due process, and federal supremacy clause preemption as it relates to federal flood insurance, were all rejected as well.
|
127
|
Insurance Carriers, 937 So.2d at 324, quoting Segura, 630 So.2d at 729; Energy Reserves, 459 U.S. at 410-413. As noted above, supra page 20, the courts are
inconsistent as to whether the test has two factors, three factors (with subparts) or four factors. See Mary Garvey Algero, Will A Decision That Has the
Potential to Do so Much Good for the People of Louisiana Set a Harmful Precedent, 53 Loy. L.Rev. 47, 60 (2007). Cf. supra note 85.
|
128
|
Insurance Carriers, 937 So.2d at 325. See infra note 194.
|
129
|
Id. at 325, citing Segura, 630 So.2d at 731, citing Blaisdell.
|
130 |
Insurance Carriers, 937 So.2d at 327, n.13. Similarly, after the Northridge earthquake, California created a statute extending the time for policyholders to bring claims under their policies.
The statute survived scrutiny under the Contract Clause even though it revived claims otherwise time-barred under existing policies. Courts found the statute sufficiently limited in scope, balancing the interference with existing
policies against California’s need to protect policyholders. The statute revived claims only for one year, applied only to claims arising out of the Northridge earthquake and applied only to policyholders who met certain
qualifications. Moreover, the statute affected the policy’s remedies, not its core provisions. Hellinger v. Farmers Group, Inc., 91 Cal. App. 4th 1049, 1066 (2001); see also Campanelli
v. Allstate Life Ins. Co., 322 F.3d 1086, 1098-99 (9th Cir. 2003) (noting that this particular impairment is less severe because the revived and extended limitations period is mandated by statute and not bargained for and
because the insurance industry is heavily regulated); 20th Century Ins. Co. v. Superior Court, 90 Cal. App. 4th 1247 (2001).
|
131
|
Insurance Carriers, 937 So.2d at 326-27; supra note 111.
|
132 |
U.S. Trust, 431 U.S. at 23, supra note 105; Melendez, supra note 89, 16 F.4th at 1017 n.40 (2d. Cir.
10/28/2021) (“police power [is] the linchpin for the balancing principle that now cabins the Contracts Clause’s impairment prohibition”); Matsuda v. City and County of Honolulu, 512 F.3d 1148, 1153 (9th Cir. 2008)
(explaining that the “initial task” in applying the reserved powers doctrine “is to determine whether the state had the power to create irrevocable contract rights in the first place”); see infra
note 134 and pages 59-64.
|
133
|
City of New Orleans v. Board of Comm’rs of the Orleans Levee District, 640 So.2d 237, 249 (La. 1994) (“the principle that the exercise of the police power of the state shall never be abridged
needs no constitutional reservation to support it”, so the failure of the 1974 Louisiana Constitution to restate the precept as a general provision, as previous Louisiana Constitutions had done, does not detract from the
principle); Board of Comm’rs v. Department of Natural Resources, 496 So.2d 281, 289 (La. 1986) (“Board of Comm’rs”) (“It is a general principle of judicial interpretation of
a state constitution, as well as a specific prohibition of our constitution, that the legislature may not irrevocably alienate, surrender or abridge the right to exercise the police power.”) (citations omitted); accord Ex Parte Steckler, 154 So. 41, 44 (La. 1934) (“a fundamental rule in our form of state government is that the Legislature cannot surrender irrevocably any of the state’s police
power.”) (citations omitted). See Melendez, supra note 89, 16 F.4th at 1020-21 (2d Cir. 10/28/2021). Similarly, the Louisiana
Constitution in Article 1, Section 4 expressly makes the Louisiana Takings Clause subject to the reasonable exercise of the police power. Supra note 54 and infra notes 213 and 237.
|
134
|
See supra pages 8-9; Baton Rouge Waterworks Co. v. LPSC, 100 So. 710, 711 (La. 1924) (“It is conceded on well-recognized authority that the ratemaking
power, whether exercised by agreement or by the fiat of law, is within the police power of the state as one of the state’s highest attributes of sovereignty, and that this power can never be abridged nor irrevocably surrendered
where there is, as in this state, constitutional inhibition.”); accord City of Baton Rouge v. Baton Rouge Waterworks Co., 30 F.2d 895 (5th Cir. 1929); City of New Orleans v.
O’Keefe, 280 F. 92 (5th Cir. 1922); State v. City of New Orleans, 151 La. 24, 30, 91 So. 533, 535 (La. 1922) (“cannot surrender irrevocably or bargain away the authority to fix or control rates for public
utilities”); compare United Gas Corp. v. City of Monroe, 109 So.2d 433 (La. 1958) (city’s contract fixing rates for a term binding on parties where Legislature has delegated
ratemaking power to municipalities but always reserves the power to revoke or compel a change in such rate); City of New Orleans v. Great S. Tel & Tel. Co., 3 So. 533, 534 (La. 1888) (City’s grant of franchise
authority to utility had become an “irrevocable contract, and the city is powerless to set it aside or to interpolate new or more onerous considerations therein”); accord BellSouth
Communications, LLC v. City of New Orleans, 31 F. Supp. 3d 819 (E.D. La. 2014). See infra note 213.
|
135
|
Gulf States Utilities Co. v. LPSC, 633 So2d 1258, 1264 (La. 1994); Conoco, 520 So.2d at 408; see supra notes 15 and 69 (ratemaking is an act and
function legislative, and not judicial, in kind, within the police power of the state), and infra note 136 (the establishment of a rate is an act legislative and not judicial in nature, NOPSI
at 371).
|
136
|
New Orleans Public Service, Inc. v. Council of City of New Orleans, 491 U.S. 350, 109 S. Ct. 2506, 105 L. Ed. 2d 298 (1989) (“NOPSI”) (“The
regulation of utilities is one of the most important of the functions traditionally associated with the police power of the states.”) (citations and internal quotation marks and brackets omitted); see supra notes 15 and 69; Pacific Gas & Elec. v. State Energy Resources Conservation, 461 U.S. 190, 206 (1983).
|
137
|
Opelousas, 105 So.3d at 32.
|
138 |
Morial, 785 So.2d at 15 (citations omitted) (emphasis added).
|
139
|
Morial, 785 So.2d at 15-16.
|
140
|
See Board of Comm’rs, 496 So.2d at 293 (“Into all contracts, whether made between states and individuals or between individuals only, there enters the
condition, regardless of whether it is carried into express stipulation, that the state may not bargain away or otherwise be prevented from exercising its police power, viz., the exercise of the sovereign right of the government
to protect the lives, health, morals, comfort and general welfare of the people.”) (citations omitted). See infra pages 59-64.
|
141 |
Winter v. NRDC, Inc., 555 U.S. 7, 24 (2008) (“Winter”).
|
142
|
University of Texas v. Camenisch, 451 U.S. 390, 395 (1981) (“The purpose of a preliminary injunction is merely to preserve the relative positions of the parties until a trial on the merits can
be held.”); Wenner v. Texas Lottery Comm’n, 123 F.3d 321, 326 (5th Cir. 1997) (“Preliminary injunctions commonly favor the status quo and seek to maintain things in their initial condition so far as possible until after a
full hearing permits final relief to be fashioned.”) (citations omitted)
|
143
|
Morales v. TWA, 504 U.S. 374, 381 (1992).
|
144
|
Winter, 555 U.S. at 20. See also, e.g., Illinois Republican Party v. Pritzker, 973 F.3d 760, 762-63 (7th Cir. 2020) (abrogating earlier circuit
authority indicating lesser requirement with respect to likelihood of success on the merits).
|
145
|
Winter, at 23-26.
|
146
|
Atchafalaya Basinkeeper v. U.S. Army Corp of Eng’rs, 894 F.3d 692, 696 n.1 (5th Cir. 2018).
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147
|
Jordan v. Fisher, 823 F.3d 805, 809 (5th Cir. 2016) (quoting Bluefield Water Ass’n, Inc. v. City of Starkville, 577 F.3d 250, 253 (5th Cir. 2009)); see also, e.g., Def. Distributed
v. U.S. Dep’t of State, 838 F.3d 451, 456-57 (5th Cir. 2016) (quoting PCI Transp., Inc. v. Fort Worth & W.R.R., 418 F.3d 535, 545 (5th Cir. 2005) (same)), cert. denied,
138 S. Ct. 638 (2018). Accord Apt. Ass’n of L.A. County v. City of Los Angeles, 10 F.4th 905, 912 (9th Cir. 2021) (affirming denial of preliminary injunction against City’s
eviction moratorium during COVID-19; applying the same standard and four factors and asserting likelihood of success on the merits is the most important factor).
|
148
|
Sampson v. Murray, 415 U.S. 61, 90 (1974); Idaho v. Coeur d’Alene Tribe, 794 F.3d 1039, 1046 (9th Cir. 2015) (purely economic harms are generally not irreparable, as money lost may be
recovered later, in ordinary course of litigation); Melancon, 703 F.3d at 279-80; Perfect 10, Inc. v. Google, Inc., 653 F.3d 976, 982 (9th Cir. 2011). Irreparable harm must be likely in the absence of an
injunction, not merely possible. Winter, 555 U.S. at 22. As noted below, infra notes 154, 163-166, and 172, the availability of injunctive and declaratory relief might be limited
where the State’s actions constitute an unconstitutional taking, or merely a breach of contract (as opposed to an impairment of contract), for which the aggrieved party can recoup money damages at law. See also supra note 50. Furthermore, federal courts have found that a delay in the receipt of payments until final judgment is not the type of “irreparable harm” which
justifies a preliminary injunction, absent special countervailing circumstances such as the possibility that such delay could result in the claimant’s insolvency or the closure of the claimant’s business. See, e.g., Roland Mach. Co. v. Dresser Indus., Inc., 749 F.2d 380, 386 and n.1 (7th Cir. 1984); Melancon, 703 F.3d at 279; cf. Ridgely
v. Federal Emergency Management Agency, 512 F.3d 727 (5th Cir. 2008) (discussing standards for injunction in due process claim and requiring that government’s procedures be constitutionally inadequate); Alabama Ass’n of
Realtors v. Dept. of Health and Human Services, 2021 U.S. Lexis 3679, 2021 WL 3783142, 141 S. Ct. 2485 (U.S. 2021) (per curiam) (equities favor millions of landlords at risk of irreparable harm by depriving them of rent
payments with no guarantee of eventual recovery, vacating stay of judgment that voided nationwide moratorium on eviction as exceeding the authority of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention); Centurion Reinsurance Co.
v. Singer, 810 F.2d 140, 146 (7th Cir. 1987) (discussing dissipation of assets); Dresser-Rand Co. v. Virtual Automation Inc., 361 F.3d 831, 848-49 (5th Cir. 2004) (holding that district court did not abuse its
discretion in denying injunctive relief despite one factor in analysis being that defendant’s insolvency may render incapable of responding in damages). Because delay in scheduled expected payments may not suffice alone (see, e.g., Roland Mach, Co. supra at 386), other factors that make a remedy at law inadequate may be needed. See Janvey
v. Alguire, 647 F.3d 585, 600 (5th Cir. 2011) (monetary asset dissipation; noting that some courts have found that a remedy at law is inadequate if legal redress may be obtained only by pursuing a multiplicity of actions); U.S.
Trust, 431 U.S. at 19 (difficulty in calculating damages: “[N]o one can be sure precisely how much financial loss the bondholders suffered” from the repeal of the state pledge); United States v. Miami Univ., 294
F.3d 797, 819 (6th Cir. 2002). Importantly, injunctive relief might be available if sovereign immunity would preclude a suit for damages. See supra note 58 and infra note 172; Idaho v. Couer d’Alene Tribe, 794 F.3d 1039, 1046 (9th Cir. 2015) (affirming grant of preliminary injunction where Indian tribe’s sovereign immunity likely would bar the plaintiff from
recovering monetary damages incurred during the course of litigation caused by the tribe’s violation of statute and contract); New Jersey Retail Merchants Ass’n v. Sidamon-Eristoff, 669 F.3d 374, 388 (3d Cir. 2012)
(upholding preliminary injunction in Contract Clause case where, in the absence of injunction, merchants would have to pay money to the state that could not be recovered later due to sovereign immunity). Furthermore, an argument
may be asserted that when an alleged deprivation of a constitutional right is involved, no further showing of irreparable injury is necessary. Opulent Life Church v. City of Holly Springs, 697 F.3d 279, 295 (5th Cir.
2012) (irreparable harm requirement satisfied by alleged violation of First Amendment rights); see infra note 198. But see Brown v. Sec’y,
U.S. Dep’t of Health and Human Services, 4 F.4th 1220, 1225 (11th Cir. 07/14/2021) (restricting constitutional irreparable injuries to First Amendment violations and right of privacy claims, finding no irreparable injury to
allow a preliminary injunction against COVID-19 eviction moratorium), vacated as moot, 20 F.4th 1385 (11th Cir.
12/29/2021).
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149 |
Amoco Production Co. v. Village of Gambell, 480 U.S. 531, 546 n.12 (1987); eBay Inc. v. MercExchange, L.L.C., 547 U.S. 388, 391 (2008); Perfect 10, Inc. v. Google, Inc., 653 F.3d
976, 979-80 (9th Cir. 2011).
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150
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Beacon Theatres, Inc. v. Westover, 359 U.S. 500, 506-07 (1959); Dresser-Rand Co. v. Virtual Automation Inc., 361 F.3d 831, 847-48 (5th Cir. 2004).
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151
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eBay Inc. v. MercExchange, L.L.C., 547 U.S. at 391.
|
152
|
28 U.S.C. § 2201; Wilton v. Sevin Falls Co., 515 U.S. 277, 282-83 (1995).
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153
|
The LPSC’s role in issuing the Financing Order approving the Storm Recovery Charges requires consideration of another possible jurisdictional limitation, under the Johnson Act, codified at 28 U.S.C. §
1342. The Johnson Act provides that federal district courts “shall not enjoin, suspend or restrain the operation of, or compliance with, any order affecting rates chargeable by a public utility and made by a State administrative
agency or a ratemaking body of a State political subdivision, where:
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(1)
|
Jurisdiction is based solely on diversity of citizenship or repugnance of the order to the Federal Constitution; and
|
(2)
|
The order does not interfere with interstate commerce; and
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(3)
|
The order has been made after reasonable notice and hearing; and
|
(4)
|
A plain, speedy and efficient remedy may be had in the courts of such State.” 28 U.S.C. § 1342.
|
|
First,this provision applies only to orders “affecting rates” charged by a public utility; thus, federal jurisdiction over an action by the LPSC affecting regulation other than ratemaking would
not be barred by the Johnson Act. Note the Johnson Act does not divest a federal district court of jurisdiction where the challenge is to a statute and not a rate order. South Carolina Electric & Gas Co. v. Randall,
331 F. Supp. 3d 485, 493 (D. S.C. 2018). Even as to orders affecting rates, however, the order must not interfere with interstate commerce. In the case of an LPSC supplemental order that effected an impairment or taking,
or any rescission, amendment or violation of the Pledge, the order would virtually by definition affect interstate commerce, as it would affect the value of the Bonds, either directly or indirectly through manipulation of
the Storm Recovery Charges. Compare Nucor Corp. v. Nebraska Public Power Dist., 891 F.2d 1343, 1348 (8th Cir. 1989) (Johnson Act inapplicable where challenged rate overcharge
of nearly $7 million affected cost of goods of plaintiff, who sold those goods in interstate commerce), cert. denied, 498 U.S. 813, 111 S. Ct. 50, 112 L. Ed. 2d 60 (1990).
The Securitization Act [La. R.S. 45:1226(B), (C) and 1234(C)], and the Financing Order [Findings of Fact Paragraphs 38, 100 and 101] explicitly seek low-cost capital in reliance upon the securities financial markets and
therefore interstate commerce, implicating the core intent of the Federal Contract Clause “to encourage trade and credit by promoting confidence in the stability of contractual relations”, U.S. Trust, 431 U.S. at
16. For these reasons, although in determining whether an order constitutes interference with interstate commerce each case must be dealt with on its own facts and circumstances, in our view the Johnson Act should not
comprise a bar to federal jurisdiction.
|
154
|
Supra notes 50 and 148 and infra notes 163-166 and 172; Monsanto, supra
note 23, 467 U.S. at 1016, accord Melancon, 703 F.3d at 279-280.
|
155
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588 U.S. ___, 139 S. Ct. 2162 (2019) (“Knick”), overruling Williamson County Regional Planning Comm’n v. Hamilton Bank, 473 U.S. 172 (1985) (“Williamson”).
|
156
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Knick, 139 S. Ct. at 2167 and 2170.
|
157
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See infra note 172.
|
158
|
Knick, 139 S. Ct. at 2172-73.
|
159 |
Peyman Pakdel v. City and County of San Francisco, 594 U.S. _____, 141 S. Ct. 2226, 2228, 2021 WL 2637819 (2021) (per curiam) (“Pakdel”).
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160
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Pakdel, 141 S. Ct. at 2230. A plaintiff’s failure to properly pursue administrative procedures still may render a takings claim unripe if avenues still
remain for the government to clarify or change its decision. Id. at 2231.
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161
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Id. at 2228, 2229 (quoting Knick, 139 S. Ct. at 2171).
|
162
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Id. at 2231. Similarly, harm occurs, and a claim is ripe under the Federal Contract Clause, upon passage of the legislation when a law interferes with
valid expectancy interests, creating an “actual, concrete, and particularized” injury. Lazar v. Kronckce, 862 F.3d 1186, 1198-99 (9th Cir. 2017). See Franklin, supra note 3, 85 F. Supp. 3d at 611 (facial Federal Takings Clause became ripe the moment the challenged statute was enacted).
|
163
|
Knick, 139 S. Ct. at 2176.
|
164
|
“Given the availability of post-taking compensation, barring the government from acting will ordinarily not be appropriate.” Id. at 2177. As long as
just compensation remedies are available, injunctive relief will be foreclosed. Id. at 2179. See supra notes 148 and 154 and infra note 172.
|
165
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Knick, 139 S. Ct. at 2168.
|
166
|
Baptiste v. Kennealy, 490 F. Supp. 3d 353 (D. Mass. 2020) (landlords denied preliminary injunction against state legislation establishing a temporary moratorium on residential evictions during
Covid pandemic). See generally Severance v. Patterson, 566 F.3d 490, 498 (5th Cir. 2009) (“inadequate procedures are those that almost certainly will not justly compensate the
claimant”) (quoting Samaad v. City of Dallas, 940 F.2d 925, 934 (5th Cir. 1991), abrogated on other grounds by Stop the Beach Renourishment, Inc. v. Florida Dep’t of Envtl Prot.,
560 U.S. 702, 728 (2010). But see infra note 169 (sovereign immunity bars monetary relief under Federal Contract Clause).
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167
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The procedural situation can become complicated. If the challenged action causing the taking is an action of the Legislature, the pertinent question will be whether there exists an
administrative/judicial procedure for decisions of the state agency or department charged with enforcing such action. If no such procedure exists, then immediate resort may be had to a suit for just compensation in state district
court. If the challenged action is an action of the LPSC, then the Bondholder will first have to proceed through a final resolution of the state procedure for reviewing such orders, including appeal to the state district court
and then the Louisiana Supreme Court. See Firth v. Southwest Ouachita Waterworks, Inc., 207 So.3d 1121 (La. App. 2d Cir. 2016) (where there is concurrent jurisdiction between the
district court and the LPSC, the doctrine of primary jurisdiction applies, and the district court is obligated to stay any judicial proceedings related to plaintiff’s claims that fall outside the exclusive jurisdiction of the LPSC
until the LPSC proceeding is ended). The saga of Liberty Mutual Insurance Company is illustrative, even recognizing the overruling of Williamson. Liberty Mutual claimed, inter alia,
that certain rate decisions of the Louisiana Insurance Rating Commission (“LIRC”) deprived it of its property interests. Liberty Mutual filed suit in federal district court seeking compensation under the Federal Takings
Clause. The federal Fifth Circuit ordered the claim dismissed as unripe, following Williamson. Liberty Mutual Ins. Co. v. Louisiana Dep’t of Insurance, 62 F.3d 115, 117 (5th Cir. 1995). Liberty Mutual then
proceeded to prosecute an inverse condemnation claim in state court. The Louisiana First Circuit court dismissed this claim as well, noting that while Louisiana law clearly recognizes an action for inverse condemnation, Liberty
Mutual had still failed to avail itself of the administrative and judicial remedies available for challenging the order of the LIRC, which are a prerequisite to any suit for just compensation. Liberty Mutual Ins. Co. v. LIRC,
1997-1043 (La. App. 1 Cir. 1998), 713 So.2d 1250, 1253-55, writ denied, 1998-2072 (La. 1998), 728 So.2d 396. Liberty Mutual then filed suit again in federal court, and the federal
district court dismissed this second suit, noting that Liberty Mutual had still failed to invoke the administrative and judicial remedies available to challenge the LIRC’s rate decisions. The federal Fifth Circuit affirmed this
dismissal, and found that because the statute of limitations governing inverse condemnation proceedings had run, the dismissal should be with prejudice. Liberty Mutual Ins. Co. v. Brown, 380 F.3d 793, 796-798 (5th Cir.
2004). See infra note 191; but see Larkin Dev. North, L.L.C. v. City of Shreveport, 297 So.3d 980 (La. App. 2d Cir. 2020) (discussing
administrative review and exhaustion doctrine in takings claims).
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168
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Hall v. Louisiana, 974 F. Supp. 2d 944 (M.D. La. 2013) (“Hall”); Walden v. Nevada, 945 F.3d 1088, 1092-93 (9th Cir. 2019)
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169
|
See, e.g., North Carolina v. Temple, 134 U.S. 22, 25, 30 (1890) (holding that North Carolina enjoys sovereign immunity from claimed violation of Federal
Contract Clause) (citing Ex Parte Ayers, 123 U.S. 443 (1887)). The Eleventh Amendment bars suit against a state agency or department or state officials that is in fact a suit against a state, regardless of whether it
seeks damages or injunctive relief. Hall, 974 F. Supp. 2d at 952; Hughes v. Johnson, No. 15-7165, 2016 WL 6124211 (E.D. La. 10/20/2016), court slip op. at 10 (“Hughes”).
The LPSC, and individual commissioners sued in their official capacity, have been found entitled to Eleventh Amendment immunity, along with the State of Louisiana, in a suit claiming an unconstitutional taking under the Louisiana
Constitution. Union Pacific R.R. Co. v. LPSC, 662 F.3d 366 (5th Cir. 2011). The jurisprudential factors determining whether an entity such as the LPSC is covered by the State of Louisiana’s Eleventh Amendment immunity
suggest that all Louisiana executive departments have Eleventh Amendment immunity. Vogt v. Board of Comm’rs of the Orleans Levee District, 294 F.3d 684, 692 (5th Cir. 2002); Champagne v. Jefferson Parish Sheriff’s
Office, 188 F. 3d 312, 313 (5th Cir. 1999). The LPSC is the executive head of the Department of Public Service, within the executive branch. La. R.S. 36:721; see La. Const. art.
IV, sec. 21 (the LPSC is in the executive branch). A suit against individual officers for injunctive relief might be available under Ex Parte Young, as discussed below infra notes
181-183. See also Union Pacific, 622 F.3d at n.5.
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170
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A state’s waiver of sovereign immunity in one form or against one class of claims cannot necessarily be construed to be waiver of sovereign immunity in other forms or against other claims. McElrath
v. United States, 102 U.S. 426, 440 (1880). Federal courts continue to bar federal takings claims against states brought in federal district court, and every court of appeals to have faced the question has held that the
Eleventh Amendment bars federal takings claims against states in federal district court when the state courts remain open to adjudicate such claims, and that Knick (which did not
involve Eleventh Amendment immunity, as that suit involved a town without sovereign immunity, unlike a state) did not abrogate state sovereign immunity in federal court. Zito v. North Carolina Coastal Res. Comm’n, 8 F.4th
281, 284-85, 290-91 (4th Cir. 2021); Ladd v. Marchbanks, 971 F.3d 574 (6th Cir. 2020), cert. denied, 141 S. Ct. 1390 (2021) (“Ladd”);
Bay Point Props., Inc. v. Mississippi Transp. Comm’n, 937 F.3d 454, 456-57 (5th Cir. 2019), cert. denied, 140 S. Ct. 2566 (2020); Williams v. Utah Dep’t of Corr.,
928 F.3d 1209, 1214 (10th Cir. 2019). See Hutto v. South Carolina Retirement System, 773 F.3d 536, 553 (4th Cir. 2014) (claims under the Federal Takings Clause are not exempt from
the protection of the Eleventh Amendment). Jachetta v. U.S., 653 F.3d 898, 910 (9th Cir. 2011); Seven Up Pete Venture v. Schweitzer, 523 F.3d 948 (9th Cir. 2008), cert.
denied, 129 S. Ct. 258, 172 L. Ed. 2d 147, 77 USLW 3058 (U.S. 2008); DLX, Inc. v. Kentucky, 381 F.3d 511 (6th Cir. 2004), overruled on other grounds by San
Remo Hotel L.P. v. City & County of San Francisco, 545 U.S. 323 (2005); Harbert Int’l, Inc. v. James, 157 F.3d 1271 (11th Cir. 1998); John & Marie Stella Kennedy Mem’l Found. v. Mauro, 21 F.3d 667
(5th Cir. 1994). Nonetheless a modicum of uncertainty remains as to whether a State’s declaration of sovereign immunity against a federal takings claim should have effect. City of Monterrey v. Del Monte Dunes at Monterrey
Ltd., 526 U.S. 687, 713-714 (1999) (assuming arguendo that the “sovereign immunity rationale retains its vitality in cases where [the Fifth] Amendment is applicable”).
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171
|
See, e.g., La. Const. Art. XII, Sec. 10; La. R.S. 13:5111. The State of Louisiana has not waived its Eleventh Amendment immunity from federal court
jurisdiction. Blanchard v. Newton, 865 F.Supp.2d 709, 715-716 (M.D. La. 2012). Indeed, Louisiana has explicitly asserted its sovereign immunity by statute. La. R.S.13:5106(A) (“[N]o suit against the state or state
agency or political subdivision shall be instituted in any court other than a Louisiana state court”); Hughes, court slip op. at 9. Of course, sovereign immunity may not stand in the way of recovery in state court. Jachetta
v. U.S., 653 F.3d 898, 909 (9th Cir. 2011); Larkin Dev. North, LLC v. City of Shreveport, 297 So.3d 980, 990 (2d Cir. 2020).
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172
|
Knick, 139 S. Ct. at 2176-77, 2179; Monsanto, 467 U.S. at 1016; Pharm. Research & Mfrs of Am. v. Williams, 525 F. Supp. 3d 946 (D. Minn. 2021). See supra notes 50 and 148. In cases where the state is a party to the contract, the question arises as to whether the state action is a breach of contract, rather than an impairment of contract. The
distinction turns upon the availability of a remedy in damages. See, e.g., TM Park Avenue Assoc. v. Pataki, 214 F.3d 344, 348-49 (2d Cir.
2000). “If a contract is merely breached and the duty to pay damages remains, then the obligation of the contract remains and there has been no impairment.” Id., at 349; accord Horwitz-Mathews, Inc. v. City of Chicago, 78 F.3d 1248, 1250-51 (7th Cir. 1996). See supra note 148. In any event, state officials in
their official capacities are routinely afforded Eleventh Amendment immunity. Bennett v. City of Atlantic City, 288 F. Supp. 2d 675, 679-80 (D.N.J. 2003) (collecting cases). But it should be noted that a claim for
damages against a state officer can be made in federal court through the artifice of an “individual capacity” suit, in this case against the individual commissioners of the LPSC and/or the pertinent state enforcement officer. Alden
v. Maine, 527 U.S. 706, 757, 119 S. Ct. 2240, 144 L. Ed. 2d 636 (1999) (“Even a suit for money damages may be prosecuted against a state officer in his individual capacity for unconstitutional or wrongful conduct fairly
attributable to the officer himself, so long as the relief is sought not from the state treasury but from the officer personally.”). It is unclear in this forecasted context, however, which individual state official would be
suitably involved in, for instance, the conduct of the repeal of the Securitization Act by the State. See infra notes 181-183. Moreover, in such “individual capacity” lawsuits, a
defendant enjoys absolute immunity from damages if his conduct can be characterized as “legislative” in character. Bogan v. Scott-Harris, 523 U.S. 44, 49, 118 S. Ct. 966, 140 L. Ed. 2d 79 (1998). Lower level
“enforcement” officials, on the other hand, enjoy only “qualified immunity;” that is, they are immune from a damages claim in federal court unless their conduct amounts to a violation of a clearly established constitutional right
and is otherwise objectively unreasonable. Harlow v. Fitzgerald, 457 U.S. 800, 818-19, 102 S. Ct. 2727, 73 L. Ed. 2d 396 (1982). The only plausible cause of action pertaining to the Transaction to address such a
violation with a damages remedy would be 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (and 28 U.S.C. § 1343), which sounds in tort for purposes of the sovereign immunity analysis. Knick establishes that the settled rule that exhaustion of state
remedies is not a prerequisite to an action under § 1983 applies to a Federal Takings Claim. Knick, 139 S. Ct. at 2167, 2172-73; Lafaye v. City of New Orleans, No. 20-41 (E.D. La. 03/09/2021), court slip op. at
12, 14, 2021 WL 886118, overruled on other grounds, No. 21-30358 (5th Cir. 06/01/2022). But it remains unclear whether or not § 1983 provides a cause of action to assert an alleged
Federal Contract Clause claim in the first instance, or instead if recourse to § 1983 with respect to the Federal Contract Clause is limited to discrete instances where a state has denied the opportunity to seek judicial
adjudication. Heights Apartments, LLC v. Walz, 30 F.4th 720, 727-28 (8th Cir. 04/05/2022) (assuming, without deciding, the uncontested issue of whether a cause of action for a Contract Clause violation may be brought
under § 1983; noting circuit split); Kaminski v. Coulter, 865 F.3d 339 (6th Cir. 2017) (noting unresolved circuit split, and joining the Fourth Circuit in holding that an alleged Federal Contract Clause violation cannot
give rise to a cause of action under § 1983); Melancon, 703 F.3d at n.14. Congress has not, however, abrogated the states’ sovereign immunity in federal court for claims arising under § 1983. Ladd v. Marchbanks,
supra note 170, 971 F.3d at 578 and n.4; Hughes, supra note 169, at 9; Hall, supra note
168, 974 F. Supp. 2d at 953. (Louisiana in any event cannot prevent a suit in state court under § 1983 by a sovereign immunity defense. Alden, 527 U.S. at 756.) However, given the character of the anticipated state
action, the individual state actors very likely would be entitled to absolute immunity, as their conduct would be the exercise of legislative judgment, or at least qualified immunity. See Louisiana
Farms v. Louisiana Dep’t of Wildlife and Fisheries, 95-845 (La. App. 3 Cir. 1996), 685 So.2d 1086, 1092-99, writ denied, 97-0486, 97-0507 (La. 1997), 692 So.2d 420, 422. See infra notes 176-179. We also note the possible applicability of Louisiana’s discretionary function immunity statute, which protects state officers from liability when making policy or
exercising discretionary functions. La. R.S. 9:2798.1; Minvielle v. Iberia Parish Gov’t, 317 So.3d 588, 595-98 (La. App. 3d Cir. 2019) (takings claim barred by discretionary immunity statute because legislative functions
are exactly the type of discretionary functions covered; discretion grounded in social, economic, or political activity shielded); Commerce & Industry Ins. Co. v. Grinnell Corp., 280 F.3d 566, 570-72 (5th Cir. 2002); Blanchard
v. Newton, 865 F.Supp.2d 709, 717 (M.D. La. 2012).
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173
|
209 U.S. 123, 28 S. Ct. 441, 52 L.Ed. 714 (1908).
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174
|
Mayfield v. Texas Dep’t. of Criminal Justice, 529 F. 3d 599 (5th Cir. 2008); Town of Barnstable v. O’Connor, 786 F.3d 130 (1st Cir. 2015) (“Barnstable”)
(pivotal question is whether the relief serves directly to bring an end to a present violation of federal law, as opposed to relief that would have much the same effect as a full-fledged award of damages) (internal quotation marks
and citations omitted); Hughes, supra note 169 at 10; Terrebonne Parish NAACP v. Jindel, 154 F. Supp. 3d 354 (M.D. La. 2015) (Louisiana governor and attorney general sued
in their official capacity are “persons” under § 1983); but see supra note 172 and infra note 181. Conversely, under the Eleventh Amendment a
federal court is without jurisdiction to impose a damages award upon any state agency or department (including state officials sued in their official capacities) for any past violation of federal law, including any
unconstitutional “taking” or “impairment of contracts.” See Hutto v. South Carolina Retirement System, 773 F.3d 536, 549 (4th Cir. 2014); DLX, Inc. v. Kentucky, 381 F.3d
511, 526-28 (6th Cir. 2004) (discussing issue) overruled on other grounds by San Remo Hotel L.P. v. City and County of San Francisco, 545 U.S. 323 (2005); Seven Up Pete
Venture v. Schweitzer, 523 F.3d 948 (9th Cir. 2008); Blanchard v. Newton, 865 F.Supp.2d 709, 715 (M.D. La. 2012). Thus ‘“Ex Parte Young cannot be used to obtain an injunction requiring the payment of funds
from the State’s treasury.’” Ladd, supra note 170, 971 F.3d at 581 (6th Cir. 2020) (quoting Virginia Office for Protection & Advocacy v. Stewart, 563 U.S. 247, 256-57
(2011)).
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175
|
Verizon Maryland, Inc. v. Public Service Comm’n of Maryland, 535 U.S. 635, 645, 122 S. Ct. 1753, 152 L. Ed. 2d 871 (2002) (noting Ex Parte Young was a suit against state regulatory
commissioners to enjoin a commission order requiring a reduction in rates); Planned Parenthood Gulf Coast, Inc. v. Phillips, 24 F.4th 442, 451 (5th Cir. 01/20/2022); State Employees Bargaining Agent Coalition v.
Rowland, 494 F.3d 71 (2d Cir. 2007); ACLU Foundation of Louisiana v. Blanco, 523 F. Supp. 2d 476 (E.D. La. 2007). But see infra note 179. Moreover, a declaration of the
past, as well as the future, ineffectiveness of a state commission’s action is not barred because it does not impose upon the state a monetary loss resulting from a past breach of a legal duty on the part of defendant state
officials. Barnstable, 786 F.3d at 139.
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176
|
See Hall, supra note 168, 974 F. Supp. 2d at 954-57; Louisiana Farms v. Louisiana Dep’t of Wildlife and
Fisheries, 95-845 (La. App. 3 Cir. 1996), 685 So.2d 1086, 1092-99, writ denied, 97-0486, 97-0507 (La. 1997), 692 So.2d 420, 422.
|
177
|
See supra notes 15, 69, 135, 172, and 179.
|
178
|
Sable v. Myers, 563 F.3d 1120, 1123 (10th Cir. 2009); Minton v. St. Bernard Parish Sch. Bd., 803 F.2d 129, 133 (5th Cir. 1986).
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179
|
Community House, Inc. v. City of Boise, Idaho, 623 F.3d 945, 959 (9th Cir. 2010) (“the importance of absolute legislative immunity to our system of government cannot be overstated”, 623 F.3d at
964); State Employees Bargaining Agent Coalition v. Rowland, 494 F.3d 71 (2d Cir. 2007); Hall, supra note 168, 974 F. Supp. 2d at 954-57 (holding state officials with
functionally legislative duties have absolute legislative immunity against injunctive as well as damage suits in their official capacities, in addition to immunity from damages claims in their individual personal capacities, and
discussing the arguably contradictory precedents). See supra notes 69 and 169. The Financing Order in Ordering Paragraph 53 as part of the LPSC
Pledge prohibits any cause or right of action for damages against the individual commissioners in reliance thereon.
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180
|
Verizon Maryland, Inc., supra note 175, 535 U.S. at 645-46, 122 S. Ct. at 1760-61. But see, e.g., supra notes
172 and 179 and infra note 183, and Hall, supra note 168, 974 F. Supp. 2d at 955 (state officials with functionally legislative duties
have absolute legislative immunity against injunctive as well as damage suits in their official capacities).
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181
|
The Ex Parte Young exception to the Eleventh Amendment applies only where the party defendant in a suit to enjoin the enforcement of an act alleged to be unconstitutional has some connection
with the enforcement of the act or is specifically charged with the duty to enforce the statute and is threatening to exercise that duty. Hall, supra note 168, 974 F. Supp. 2d at
954. Thus, a governor cannot be enjoined by virtue of his general duty to enforce the laws, and an attorney general cannot be enjoined where he has no specific statutory authority to enforce the statute at issue. Hutto v.
South Carolina Retirement Systems, 773 F.3d 536, 550 (4th Cir. 2014). See infra notes 172 and 174.
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182
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Verizon Maryland, Inc. v. Public Service Comm’n of Maryland, 535 U.S. 635, 645-46, 122 S. Ct 1753, 1760-61 (2002); Keystone Bituminous Coal Assoc. v. DeBenedictis, 480 U.S. 470, 107 S.
Ct. 1232, 94 L. Ed. 2d 472 (1987) (suit under Federal Takings Clause and Federal Contract Clause seeking to enjoin Pennsylvania officer from enforcing allegedly unconstitutional state statute); Lipscomb v. Columbus Municipal
Separate School District; 269 F.3d 494 (5th Cir. 2001) (“Lipscomb”); Terrebonne Parish NAACP, supra note 174.
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183
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See, e.g., supra at notes 148, 169, 172, and 174.
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184
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NOPSI, 491 U.S. at 359 (“thus, there are some classes of cases in which the withholding of authorized equitable relief because of undue interference with state proceedings is the normal thing to
do.”)(internal quotation marks and citation omitted). See State of Louisiana v. All Property and Casualty Insurance Carriers Authorized and Licensed to do Business in the State of
Louisiana, No. 06-519 (M.D. La. Aug. 17, 2006) (order granting remand to state court).
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185
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319 U.S. 315 (1943) (“Burford”); Occidental Chemical Corp. v. LPSC, 494 F. Supp. 2d 401, 414 (M.D. La. 2007).
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186
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NOPSI, 491 U.S. at 361 (internal quotation marks omitted, quoting Colorado River Water Conservation District v. U.S., 424 U.S. 800, 814 (1976)).
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187
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Compare Burford, 319 U.S. at 331 (claim that Texas oil and gas regulations deprived plaintiffs of due process was of minimal federal importance).
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188
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See infra note 200; compare Alabama Pub. Serv. Comm’n v. Southern R. Co., 341 U.S. 341, 71 S. Ct. 762, 95 L.
Ed. 1002 (1951) (finding Burford abstention appropriate where state provided statutory right of appeal to single court, and appellate court had power to review and set aside any commission order).
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189
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Contrast NOPSI, 491 U.S. at 363 (“[N]o inquiry beyond the four corners of the Council’s retail rate order is needed to determine whether it is facially
pre-empted by FERC’s allocative decree and relevant provisions of the Federal Power Act.”).
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190
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NOPSI, 491 U.S. at 363.
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191
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Note the Insurance Carriers case discussed above followed a remand to state court by the federal district court after a hearing, following removal by one defendant insurance company of the
state court declaratory judgment suit. See supra notes 125 and 167.
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192
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See Pope v. State of Louisiana, 1999-2559 (La. 2001), 792 So.2d 713; Marine Shale Processors, Inc. v. State of Louisiana, Dep’t of Envtl Quality,
551 So.2d 643 (La. App. 1 Cir. 1989), cert. denied, 553 So.2d 465 (La. 1989), overruled on other grounds by Matter of American
Waste and Pollution Control Co., 580 So.2d 392 (La. App. 1 Cir. 3/11/91), reversed 588 So.2d 367 (La. 1991). In contrast, the United States Supreme Court has made clear that due to
the Eleventh Amendment and states’ sovereign immunity federal courts cannot enjoin state officials from violating state law (including a state constitution), Pennhurst State Sch. & Hosp. v. Halderman, 465 U.S. 89, 121
(1989); Ladd supra note 170, 971 F.3d at 582 (6th Cir. 2020). We express no opinion as to the preferable forum.
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193
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See Star Enterprise v. State through Dep’t of Revenue, 95-1980 (La. App. 1 Cir. 1996), 676 So.2d 827, 833, writ
denied, 96-1983 (La. 1997), 689 So.2d 1383. Cf. Whole Woman’s Health v. Jackson, 142 S. Ct. 522, 538 (2021) (per curiam) (noting that “many federal constitutional
rights are as a practical matter asserted typically as defenses to state-law claims, not in federal pre-enforcement cases). Louisiana state courts also have jurisdiction for declaratory judgments. La. Code Civ. Proc. art.
1871. Louisiana state courts describe the factors a court must consider before issuing an injunction as whether the party shows (1) that the injury or loss it will suffer is irreparable, (2) that it is entitled to the relief
sought, and (3) that it is likely to prevail on the merits. La. Code Civ. Proc. art. 3601. See also Louisiana Granite Yard Inc. v. LA Granite Countertops, LLC, 45,482 (La. App. 2
Cir. 2010), 47 So.3d 573, 581; Denta-Max v. MaxiCare Louisiana, Inc., 95-2128 (La. App. 4 Cir. 1996), 671 So.2d 995 (same). The right to a permanent injunction must be proved before a preliminary injunction may issue in
Louisiana state court. Equitable Petroleum v. Cent. Transmission, 431 So.2d 1084 (La. App. 2d Cir. 1983).
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194
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West Baton Rouge Parish Council v. Tullier, 2018-1722 (La. App. 1 Cir. 2021), 317 So.3d 782, 788-89; Carver v. La. Dep’t of Public Safety, 2017-1340 (La. 2018), 239 So.3d 226, 230-31; Krielow
v. Louisiana Dep’t. of Agriculture, 2013-1106 (La. 2013), 125 So.3d 384, at 388; Insurance Carriers, 937 So.2d at 319; Usery v. Turner Elkhorn Mining Co., 428 U.S. 1, 15 (1976); c.f. National R.R., 470 U.S. at 463. See also United Auto., Aerospace, Agricultural Implement Workers of Am. Int’l Union v. Fortuño, 633 F.3d 37, 42-45
(1st Cir. 2011) (holding that even if the state is alleged to have impaired a public contract to which it is a party, the plaintiff has the burden to prove that the impairment was not reasonable and necessary to serve an important
government purpose, otherwise governments would be forced to endure costly discovery each time a plaintiff advanced a plausible allegation of a substantial impairment). See Cranston
Police Retirees Action Comm. v. City of Cranston, 208 A.3d 557, 573-74 (R.I. 2020) (collecting cases discussing whether burden of production shifts to the state regarding reasonableness and necessity after a finding of
substantial impairment). Compare supra notes 13 and 111. However, this presumption of constitutionality does not apply when a statute infringes on a fundamental right. State v.
Spell, 2021-KK-00876 (La. 05/13/2022), ___ So.3d ___ (court slip op. at 5) (free exercise of religion) (citing United States Supreme Court and Louisiana Supreme Court cases).
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195
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South Central Bell Telephone Company v. LPSC, 555 So.2d 1370 (La. 1990) (“SCB”)
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196
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Id. at 1373; see also Entergy Gulf States, Inc. v. LPSC, 730
So.2d 890, 897 (La. 1999).
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197
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SCB, 555 So.2d at 1373 (“when a violation of state property guarantees is shown, a court may enjoin the constitutional violation”); accord Faubourg
Marigny Improvement Ass’n v. City of New Orleans, 195 So.3d 606, 616-17 (La. App. 4th Cir. 2016) (jurisprudential rule requires three findings before plaintiff can circumvent the irreparable harm requirement: conduct to
be enjoined violates a prohibitory law (including the constitution); the injunction seeks to restrain conduct, not order it; and plaintiff meets the low burden of making a prima facie
showing that he is entitled to the relief sought); Zeringue v. St. James Parish School Board, 130 So.3d 356, 359 (La. App. 5th Cir. 2013) (entitled to injunctive relief without the requisite showing of irreparable
injury when the conduct sought to be restrained is unconstitutional). This exception to the irreparable harm requirement applies only when the injunction sought is prohibitory, not mandatory. Yokum v. Pat O’Brien’s Bar,
99 So.3d 74, 81 (La. App. 4th Cir. 2012).
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198
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Kruger v. Garden District Association, 779 So.2d 986 (La. App. 4 Cir. 2001) (“we take a restrictive review of this judicially created exception” to the need of showing irreparable injury,
perhaps limiting exception to vested “state property” rights); compare Elrod v. Burns, 427 U.S. 347 (1976) (violation of First Amendment rights produces irreparable injury); Mitchell
v. Cuomo, 748 F.2d 804 (2d Cir. 1984) (violation of Eighth Amendment rights produces irreparable injury); Yokum, supra note 197. But
see supra note 148.
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199
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La. R.S. 45:1228(H). See Daily Advertiser v. Trans-La (A Division of Atmos Energy Corp.), 612 So.2d 7, 12 (La. 1993) (antitrust, contract,
breach of fiduciary duty and fraud claims that concerned manipulation of fuel adjustment clauses fell within original jurisdiction of LPSC, and district court had no original jurisdiction over such claims); CLECO v.
LPSC, 601 So.2d 1383, 1386 (La. 1992) (discussing jurisdictional divide between district court and LPSC adjudicatory jurisdiction); Louisiana Power & Light v. LPSC, 343 So.2d 1040, 1042 (La. 1977) (“LP&L”) (discussing requirement to contest validity of LPSC action before LPSC); Frith v. Southwest Ouachita Waterworks, Inc., 207 So.3d 1121 (La. App. 2d Cir. 2016)
(doctrine of primary jurisdiction obligated state district court to stay judicial proceedings related to plaintiffs’ claims that fall outside LPSC’s exclusive jurisdiction until the LPSC proceeding over plaintiffs’ other
claims is ended); compare Cajun for Clean Water, LLC v. Cecelia Water Corp., 206 So.3d 1118 (La. App. 3d Cir. 2016) (state district court, and not LPSC, has original
jurisdiction for damages claims).
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200
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Louisiana Power and Light Co. v. LPSC, 369 So.2d 1054, 1058 (La. 1979) (Louisiana Constitution “makes it clear that any judgment of a district court sitting in review of actions” by the LPSC
is directly appealable to the Louisiana Supreme Court). See Marco Outdoor Advertising, Inc. v. Regional Transit Authority, 489 F.3d 669 (5th Cir. 2007) (dismissing federal
claim because Louisiana state courts provide an adequate procedural remedy for the alleged deprivation of contract property interest); supra note 188. Although we are not aware of a
reported judicial decision addressing this question, we believe that the Securitization Act’s venue provision will likely apply in this context, instead of the venue stated in La. R.S. 45:1198.1 which provides that whenever
the LPSC seeks the judicial enforcement of an order entered by it, the suit shall be brought in the parish of the domicile of the utility not in compliance with the order. Cf. Opelousas, supra note 4, 105 So.3d at 30-35 (discussing but not deciding alternative venue arguments in challenge to utility’s rates).
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201
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See supra note 200.
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202
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Louisiana Power & Light Co. v. LPSC, 237 So.2d 673, 675 (La. 1970).
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203
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ELL, 221 So.3d at 805 (La. 2017) (citations omitted); Gordon v. Council of City of New Orleans, 9 So.3d 63, 72 (La. 2009) (“Gordon”);
Global Tel* Link, 707 So.2d at 33-34; LP&L, 343 So.2d at 1044. See supra note 11.
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204
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Gordon, 9 So.3d at 72; Charles Hopkins DBA Old River Water Company v. LPSC, 2010-CA-0255, 41 So.3d 479 (La. 2010) (“Old River”); Washington
St. Tammany Electric Coop. v. LPSC, 959 So.2d 450, 455 (La. 2007); Eagle Water, Inc. v. LPSC, 947 So.2d 28, 33 (La. 2007); Voicestream, 943 So.2d 349, 358 (La. 2006); Entergy Gulf States, Inc. v.
LPSC, 730 So.2d 890, 897 (La. 1999).
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205
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Gordon, 9 So.3d at 72; Citgo Petroleum v. LPSC, 815 So.2d 19, 23 (La. 2002); Washington – St. Tammany Electrical Coop. v. LPSC, 671 So.2d 908, 912 (La. 1996). Compare supra note 14.
|
206
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Entergy Gulf States v. LPSC, 766 So.2d 521, 527 (La. 2000); Entergy Gulf States, Inc. v. LPSC, 730 So.2d 890, 897-98 (La. 1999).
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207
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Global Tel* Link, 707 So.2d at 33 (an LPSC order is arbitrary and capricious only when the record does not and could not reasonably support its
findings); Old River, supra at note 204, at 5 (same); GSU, infra at note 222, at 1264 (unreasonable LPSC order); Central
Louisiana Electric Company v. Louisiana Public Service Commission, 373 So.2d 123, 132 (La. 1979) (same effect); Railway Express Agency v. Louisiana Public Service Commission, 145 So.2d 18, 33 (La. 1962)
(where the findings and conclusions of the LPSC do not conform to the law and are not supported by the evidence –– so that the order of the LPSC is unreasonable –– the court may
reverse or vacate the LPSC’s order). See also, Eagle Water, Inc. v. LPSC, 947 So.2d 28, 33 n.4 (La. 2007) (vacating LPSC order as arbitrary and capricious because record
evidence necessary to support LPSC’s decision was absent).
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208
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Morial v. Smith & Wesson Corp., 785 So.2d 1, 17-18 (La. 2001) (“Morial”). See supra notes 85 and
132.
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209
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Morial, 785 So.2d at 15. Compare Standard Oil Co. of Louisiana v. LPSC, 97 So. 859, 864 (La. 1923) (in those extreme cases in which some
fundamental right is invaded or denied, the courts may intervene to compel a recognition of constitutional guarantees).
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210
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162 So.2d 555 (La. 1964) (“Louisiana Gas Service”).
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211
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Id. at 564 (citations omitted) (emphasis added).
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212
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Louisiana Gas Service, 162 So.2d at 562.
|
213
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Id. at 563 (citations omitted). See supra notes 19 and 134.
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214
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Id.
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215
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520 So.2d 404 (La. 1988) (“Conoco”).
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216
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Id. at 407.
|
217
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Id. at 408.
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218
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Conoco, 520 So.2d. at 409.
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219
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Id. at 407.
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220
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Id. at 408-409 (emphasis added).
|
221
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Conoco, 520 So.2d. at 409.
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222
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633 So.2d 1258 (La. 1994) (“GSU”).
|
223
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Id. at 1258-59 (citations omitted).
|
224
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Id. at 1264 (emphasis added).
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225
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627 So.2d 164 (La. 1993), supra note 6.
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226
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Id. at 169.
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227
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Louisiana is not unique in this regard. The reserved powers doctrine is equally critical to this issue regarding subsequent action by a state legislature harmful to securitization transactions in
other states. The Financing Order provides in Conclusions of Law Paragraph 4 that the LPSC has authority to approve the Financing Order under the Securitization Act and the LPSC’s constitutional plenary power.
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228
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U.S. Trust, 431 U.S. at 23-24; Melendez supra note 89, 16 F.4th at 1020-21 (2d Cir. 10/28/2021) (discussing history of cases); United
Healthcare Ins. Co. v. Davis, 602 F.3d 618 at n.7 (5th Cir. (La. ) 2010); State ex rel. Porterie v. Walmsley, 162 So. 826, 837 (La. 1935). See supra pages 25-26, 29-30,
and 37-38.
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229
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Stone v. Mississippi, 101 U.S. 814, at 818, 820-21 (1879); see Matsuda v. City and County of Honolulu, 512 F.3d 1148 (9th Cir. 2008).
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230
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Supra notes 132-134. Compare In re Halo Wireless, Inc., 684 F.3d 581 (5th Cir. 2012) (state public utility
proceedings are within the exception to the bankruptcy automatic stay for governmental units enforcing the state’s police and regulatory power).
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231
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U.S. Trust, 431 U.S. at 24 (a state’s “power to enter into effective financial contracts cannot be questioned”). Compare Stone v. Mississippi,
101 U.S. 814, 817-18 (1880) (state cannot contract away its police powers); West River Bridge Co. v. Dix, 47 U.S. 507, 532-33 (1848) (state cannot contract away its power of eminent domain).
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232
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Blaisdell, 290 U.S. at 438.
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233
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U.S. Trust, 431 U.S. at 24.
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234
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Lipscomb, 269 F.3d at 504; United Gas Corp. v City of Monroe, 109 So.2d 433 (La. 1958) (contract upheld between city and utility, but remains subject to legislature’s police power).
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235
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The Federal Contract Clause jurisprudence provides that an impairment in response to an economic emergency must be a reasonable and specific response to the conditions, justifiable by a significant
and legitimate public purpose dealing with a broad, generalized economic problem. Energy Reserves, 459 U.S. at 411; Allied Structural, 438 U.S. at 250; see supra notes
91-92; Treigle v. Acme Homestead Ass’n, 297 U.S. 189 (1936) (Louisiana law that modified the existing withdrawal rights of the members of a building and loan association held invalid under the Federal Contract Clause);
W. B. Worthen Co. v. Kavanaugh, 295 U.S. 56 (1935) (“W. B. Worthen”); Blaisdell, 290 U.S. at 426. In Treigle and W. B. Worthen, the Supreme Court
struck down other laws passed in response to the Great Depression’s economic emergency, contemporaneously to upholding the law in Blaisdell. In W. B. Worthen, the United States Supreme Court reversed the
decision of the Arkansas Supreme Court upholding the validity of legislative enactments (accompanied by a legislative declaration of an emergency) which the United States Supreme Court viewed as taking “from the mortgage
[securing bonds issued by municipal improvement districts pursuant to state law] the quality of an acceptable investment for a rational investor” by making it much more difficult and time consuming to foreclose upon the
collateral posted as security for the mortgage. 295 U.S. at 60. In this instance, the Bondholders have the counter-argument that the Pledges and the Transaction themselves are in direct response to significant natural
disasters (hurricanes and winter storms). But on the other hand, as the Supreme Court has clarified, “the existence of an emergency and the limited duration of a relief measure … cannot be regarded as essential in every
case.” U.S. Trust, 431 U.S. at 23 n.19, quoted in Los Angeles, supra note 91, 10 F.4th at 916 (rejecting Federal Contract Clause claim challenging COVID-19 pandemic
eviction moratorium’s restrictions on the grounds for eviction, rent deferment, and elimination of late fees and interest). Compare supra note 29 (emergency exception to Federal
Takings Clause) and supra notes 63 and 96 (Federal Contract Clause and emergencies) and Heights
Apartments, LLC v. Walz, 30 F.4th 720, 730 (8th Cir. 04/05/2022) (emphasizing that challenged executive orders mandating COVID-19 eviction moratorium had no definite termination dates).
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236
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Lipscomb, 269 F.3d at 505, 512 [“[p]urely financial obligations … do not surrender aspects of the State’s sovereignty, and thus are subject to the Contract Clause”). The ability to create
financial inducements to encourage investment in the state is a valid exercise, not a surrender, of the State’s police power. See Lipscomb, 269 F.3d at 512 (although “renewable forever” leases of state school lands
eventually resulted in nominal rents, State's offer of such leases did not-surrender an essential attribute of State sovereignty but instead
served the public interest by bringing in “rental income and encourage[ing] development that allowed the imposition of property taxes for the benefit of schools”); Local Div. 589, Amalgamated Transit Union v. Massachusetts,
666 F.2d 618, 642 (1st Cir. 1981) (per curiam) (describing U.S. Trust as presenting “a paradigm of the type of protection that the Contract Clause was designed to offer — a protection given to those who invested money,
time and effort against loss of their investment through explicit repudiation”). The United States Supreme Court has recognized that “[w]hatever the propriety of a State’s binding itself to a future course of conduct in other
contexts, the power to enter into effective financial contracts cannot be questioned.” U.S. Trust, 431 U.S. at 24. See supra notes 106 and 231. As noted by the Supreme
Court, “[i]n almost every case, the Court has held a government unit to its contractual obligations when it enters financial or other markets.” Energy Reserves, 459 U.S. at 412 n.14 (citing U.S. Trust, 431
U.S. at 25-28; W. B. Worthen, 295 U.S. 56 (1935); and Murray v. Charleston, 96 U.S. 432 (1878)). In W. B. Worthen, discussed supra note 235, the United States
Supreme Court reversed a decision of the Arkansas Supreme Court upholding the validity of legislative enactments affecting bonds mortgages which were accompanied by a legislative “declaration of an emergency, which was stated
to endanger the peace, health and safety of a multitude of citizens.” In Murray, the United States Supreme Court reversed a judgment of the Supreme Court of South Carolina upholding an ordinance of the City of
Charleston which permitted the City to withhold, as a tax, a portion of the interest that was otherwise payable with respect to bonds issued by the City. This “tax” was held to violate the Federal Contract Clause: “no
municipality of a State can, by its own ordinances, under the guise of taxation, relieve itself from performing to the letter all that it has expressly promised to its creditors.” 96 U.S. at 448.
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237
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Stone v. Mississippi, 101 U.S. 814, 820 (1879). By example, in Liter v. City of Baton Rouge, 245 So.2d 398 (La. 1971), the constitutionality of sales and use taxes by a political
subdivision (city) was challenged on the basis that the language of the taxing authority granted to the political subdivision was so plenary and extraordinary as to be equivalent to the surrender and abandonment of the
Legislature’s taxing power. The Louisiana Supreme Court held that the grant was a permissible delegation. It was then further urged by the challengers that the statute was unconstitutional as amounting to a surrender of the
Legislature’s taxing power because the statute authorized the funding of the sales tax revenues into bonds, and that when they are so funded they cannot be modified or reduced. The statute declared that, when the obligations
payable from the sales tax revenues shall have been issued, the statute and the ordinance or resolution imposing the tax shall be irrevocable until such obligations shall have been paid in full and shall not be subject to
amendment in any manner which would impair or jeopardize the rights of the holders. It was argued that these provisions amounted to an impermissible surrender of the taxing power. The Louisiana Supreme Court rejected this
argument: “We are of the opinion that pledge of taxes for a limited time does not amount to a ‘surrender’ of the taxing power as that term is used in the constitution. Of course, if the irrevocability were unlimited or the
period is so long to make it virtually unlimited, then it is conceivable that such an enactment might be held to constitute at least a partial surrender of the taxing power. That situation is, however, not presented here.” Id. at 405. Compare State et rel. Porterie v. Walmsley, 162 So.826, 839 and 864 (La. 1935) (special tax supporting payment of
bonds).
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238
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United Gas Pipe Line Company v. LPSC, 164 So.2d 343, 332 (La. 1964).
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239
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SCB, supra note 195, 555 So.2d at 1374.
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240
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Opelousas, supra note 4, 105 So.2d at 38; Entergy Gulf States, Inc. v. LPSC, 730 So.2d 890, 920 (La. 1999).
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241
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Id. (Entergy Gulf)
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242
|
See supra notes 18, 132-134.
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243
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Chrysler Corp. v. Kolosso Auto Sales, Inc., 148 F.3d 892, 894 (7th Cir. 1998).
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244
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Lipscomb, 269 F.3d at 504; Chrysler, 148 F.3d at 895.
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245
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Conoco, 520 So.2d at 409.
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246
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See supra note 10.
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247
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Blaisdell, supra note 86, 290 U.S. at 430 (“Every case must be determined on its own circumstances”); Buffalo Teachers Federation v. Tobe,
464 F.3d 362, 373 and 375 (2d Cir. 2006) (Contract Clause cases involve individual inquiries, for no two cases are alike, and Takings Clause analysis requires an intensive ad hoc
inquiry into the circumstances of each particular case).
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Yours very truly,
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/s/ Phelps Dunbar, L.L.P.
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