UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549



FORM 8-K



CURRENT REPORT
PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): November 23, 2022 (November 18, 2022)


GRINDR INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware
001-39714
92-1079067
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation)
(Commission
File Number)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

750 N. San Vicente Blvd., Suite RE 1400,
West Hollywood, California
90069
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)

(310) 776-6680
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Tiga Acquisition Corp.
Ocean Financial Centre
Level 40, 10 Collyer Quay, Singapore 049315
(Former name or former address, if changed since last report)



Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the Registrant under any of the following provisions:


Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)


Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)


Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))


Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class
 
Trading
Symbol(s)
 
Name of each exchange
on which registered
Common stock, par value $0.0001 per share
 
GRND
 
The New York Stock Exchange
Warrants, each whole warrant exercisable for one share of common stock
 
GRND WS
 
The New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).

Emerging growth company ☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐


Explanatory Note

As previously disclosed, on May 9, 2022, Tiga Acquisition Corp., a Cayman Islands exempted company (“Tiga”), which domesticated as a Delaware corporation on November 17, 2022 (the “Domestication”), Tiga Merger Sub LLC (“Merger Sub I”), a Delaware limited liability company and a direct, wholly owned subsidiary of Tiga, and Grindr Group LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Legacy Grindr”, together with Tiga and Merger Sub I, the “Initial Merger Parties”), entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Initial Merger Agreement”), as amended by that certain First Amendment to the Initial Merger Agreement, dated October 5, 2022, by and among the Initial Merger Entities and Tiga Merger Sub II LLC (“Merger Sub II”, and together with the Initial Merger Parties, the “Merger Parties”), a Delaware limited liability company and a direct, wholly owned subsidiary of Tiga, (the “Merger Agreement Amendment,” and together with the Initial Merger Agreement, the “Merger Agreement”), pursuant to which, among other transactions, on November 18, 2022, Merger Sub I first merged with and into Legacy Grindr (the “First Merger”), with Legacy Grindr surviving the First Merger as a direct, wholly owned subsidiary of Tiga, and promptly thereafter and as part of the same overall transaction as the First Merger, Legacy Grindr, being the entity that survived the First Merger, merged with and into Merger Sub II (the “Second Merger” and, together the First Merger and the Domestication, the “Business Combination”), with Merger Sub II being the entity that survived the Second Merger and continued in existence as a direct, wholly owned subsidiary of Tiga, in accordance with the terms and subject to the conditions of the Merger Agreement, as more fully described in the final prospectus and definitive proxy statement of Tiga dated, November 1, 2022 (the “Proxy Statement/Prospectus”), filed by Tiga with the Securities Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Following the Domestication, and in connection with the Business Combination, Tiga changed its name to Grindr Inc. Capitalized terms used in this Current Report on Form 8-K but not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to those terms in the Merger Agreement, which is filed as Exhibit 2.1 and Exhibit 2.2 to this Current Report on Form 8-K.

On November 14, 2022, the Merger Parties waived of certain closing conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement, pursuant to which the Merger Parties, as applicable to each party, waived Legacy Grindr’s obligation to, among other things, (i) deliver to Tiga payoff letters from certain lenders, (ii) deliver to Tiga proof of the full repayment and final settlement of a certain unitholder promissory note, and (iii) terminate certain affiliate agreements set forth in the disclosure schedule to the Merger Agreement. Further, the Merger Parties agreed to waive (i) Tiga’s obligation to approve and adopt an employee stock purchase plan prior to the Closing and (ii) the condition to receive CFIUS approval prior to the Closing.

On November 15, 2022, Tiga held an extraordinary general meeting of its shareholders (the “Extraordinary General Meeting”) in connection with the Business Combination. Tiga’s shareholders voted to approve, among other things, the Business Combination.

Unless the context otherwise requires, “we,” “us,” “our” and the “Company” refer to Tiga and its consolidated subsidiaries prior to the Effective Time of the First Merger (the “Closing”), and Grindr Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries as of and following the Closing. All references herein to the “Board” refer to the board of directors of Tiga or Grindr Inc., as applicable. All references to “Domesticated Tiga” refer to Tiga upon and following the Domestication until the Closing.

As a result of the Domestication that occurred on November 17, 2022, (i) each then issued and outstanding Class A ordinary share, par value $0.0001 per share, of Tiga (“Tiga Class A Share”) was converted automatically, on a one-for-one basis, into a share of Domesticated Tiga common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“Domesticated Tiga Common Stock” and, upon the Closing, “Grindr Common Stock”), (ii) each then issued and outstanding Class B ordinary share, par value $0.0001 per share of Tiga (“Tiga Class B Share”), was converted automatically, on a one-for-one basis, into a share of Domesticated Tiga Common Stock, and (iii) each then issued and outstanding warrant of Tiga (“Tiga Warrant”) became a warrant to acquire one share of Domesticated Tiga Common Stock (“Domesticated Tiga Warrant”).

As a result of and upon the Closing, among other things, (i) each outstanding Legacy Grindr Series X Ordinary Unit was cancelled in exchange for the right to receive a number of shares of Grindr Common Stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the number of shares of Grindr Common Stock constituting the Aggregate Merger Stock Consideration by (y) the aggregate number of Legacy Grindr Series X Ordinary Units that were outstanding on a fully diluted basis as of immediately prior to the Effective Time of the First Merger, determined in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement and (ii) all options and warrants to purchase Legacy Grindr Series X Ordinary Units that were outstanding as of immediately prior to the First Merger were converted into options and warrants to purchase shares of Grindr Common Stock, respectively, in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement.

Upon Closing, the Company received approximately $105.1 million in gross cash proceeds consisting of approximately $5.1 million from the Tiga trust account, $50.0 million from the sale of forward purchase shares and forward purchase warrants (the “Forward Purchase Commitment”) and an additional $50.0 million from the sale of backstop shares and backstop warrants (the “Backstop Commitment”), prior to the payment of outstanding expenses, payment of outstanding obligations (including the payment of the outstanding Kunlun Holdings Limited (“Kunlun”) Deferred Amount and the distribution made by Legacy Grindr to its unitholders prior to the Closing. In connection with the Business Combination, the Company amended that certain Credit Agreement with Fortress Credit Corp. and other lenders a party thereto, to enable the Company to borrow an aggregate principal amount of $170.8 million through supplemental term loans and Catapult GP II paid approximately $12.0 million to Legacy Grindr to partially repay the outstanding Catapult Note.



Prior to the Extraordinary General Meeting, a total of 27,114,767 shares of the ordinary shares of Tiga were presented for redemption for cash at a price of $10.50 per share in connection with the Extraordinary General Meeting (the “Redemptions”).

Immediately after giving effect to the Business Combination, there were 173,524,360 issued and outstanding shares of Grindr Common Stock. Tiga’s public units separated into their component securities upon consummation of the Business Combination and, as a result, no longer trade as a separate security and were delisted from The New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”). As of the Closing, our post-Closing directors and executive officers and their respective affiliated entities beneficially owned approximately 75.2% of the outstanding shares of Grindr Common Stock, which represents approximately 75.2% of the total voting power of our outstanding shares, and the securityholders of Tiga immediately prior to the Closing (which includes G. Raymond Zage, III, one of our post-Closing directors) beneficially owned post-Closing approximately 49.5% of the outstanding shares of Grindr Common Stock.

A description of the Business Combination and the terms of the Merger Agreement are included in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus, in the section entitled “Proposal No. 1—The Business Combination Proposal” on page 140. The foregoing description of the Merger Agreement is a summary only and is qualified in its entirety by the full text of the Initial Merger Agreement, a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit 2.1, and the Merger Agreement Amendment, a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit 2.2, each of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Item 1.01
Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement

Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement

On November 18, 2022, in connection with the consummation of the Business Combination and as contemplated by the Merger Agreement, the Company entered into the Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”) with Tiga Sponsor LLC (the “Sponsor”), certain stockholders of Tiga and certain direct and indirect holders of Legacy Grindr Series X Ordinary Units. Pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, the Company agreed to register for resale, pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), certain shares of Grindr Common Stock that are held by the parties thereto, from time to time. In certain circumstances, various parties to the Registration Rights Agreement can collectively demand up to six underwritten offerings and are entitled to piggyback registration rights, in each case subject to certain limitations set forth in the Registration Rights Agreement. The material terms of the Registration Rights Agreement are described beginning on page 155 of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus, entitled “Proposal No. 1—The Business Combination Proposal—Related Agreements—A&R Registration Rights Agreement.”

The foregoing description of the Registration Rights Agreement and the transactions and documents contemplated thereby, is not complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the Registration Rights Agreement, a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit 10.1, and the terms of which are incorporated by reference herein.



Indemnification of Directors and Officers

The Company has entered into separate indemnification agreements with its directors and executive officers. These agreements, among other things, require the Company to indemnify its directors and executive officers for certain liabilities and expenses, including attorneys’ fees, judgments, fines, and settlement amounts incurred by a director or executive officer in any action or proceeding arising out of their services as one of its directors or executive officers or any other company or enterprise to which the person provides services at its request. Further information about the indemnification of the Company’s directors and executive officers is set forth beginning on page 332 of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus in the section entitled “Management of New Grindr Following the Business Combination—Corporate Governance—Limitation on Liability and Indemnification of Directors and Officers” and that information is incorporated herein by reference.

The foregoing description of the indemnification agreements is not complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the form of indemnification agreement, a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit 10.2 and the terms of which are incorporated by reference herein.

Convertible Promissory Note

On March 16, 2022, the Tiga board authorized the execution and delivery of a convertible promissory note in the principal amount of $2,000,000 (the “Convertible Promissory Note”) to the Sponsor as part of certain working capital loans. The Convertible Promissory Note was repaid in full in connection with the Business Combination.

The foregoing description of the Convertible Promissory Note is not complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the Convertible Promissory Note and Payoff Letter, copies of which are attached hereto as Exhibit 10.4 and Exhibit 10.5, respectively, and the terms of which are incorporated by reference herein.

Joinder and Assignment Agreement to the Forward Purchase Agreement

On May 9, 2022, in connection with the consummation of the Business Combination and as contemplated by the Merger Agreement, Tiga entered into the Amended and Restated Forward Purchase Agreement (the “Forward Purchase Agreement”) with the Sponsor. The Forward Purchase Agreement provides for the purchase by the Sponsor of certain forward purchase securities and backstop securities. On November 10, 2022, Tiga, the Sponsor and San Vicente Parent LLC (“SV Parent”) entered into the Joinder and Assignment Agreement to the Forward Purchase Agreement (the “Joinder and Assignment Agreement”), which among other things, provided for the transfer and assignment of the Sponsor’s rights and obligations under the Forward Purchase Agreement to SV Parent. On November 14, 2022, SV Parent fully satisfied its funding obligations to Tiga under the Forward Purchase Agreement. On November 16, 2022, in connection the merger of Parent with and into Legacy Grindr as part of the SV Consolidation (defined in Exhibit 99.3 to this Current Report on Form 8-K), Legacy Grindr assumed SV Parent’s right receive the forward purchase securities and backstop securities pursuant to the Forward Purchase Agreement and, in consideration thereof, Legacy Grindr issued Legacy Grindr Series X Ordinary Units and a warrant to purchase Legacy Grindr Series X Ordinary Units to the parent entity of SV Parent and San Vicente Offshore Holdings (Cayman) Limited.  The merger between SV Parent and Legacy Grindr is further described below in the sections entitled “Other Related Events in Connection with the Business Combination” and “—SV Consolidation” sections of Exhibit 99.3 to this Current Report on Form 8-K.

The foregoing descriptions of the Forward Purchase Agreement and the Joinder and Assignment Agreement are not complete and are subject to and qualified in their entirety by reference to the Forward Purchase Agreement and the Joinder and Assignment Agreement, copies of which are attached hereto as Exhibit 10.6 and Exhibit 10.7, respectively, and the terms of which are incorporated by reference herein.

First Amendment to Warrant Agreement

On November 23, 2020, Tiga entered into a Warrant Agreement (the “Warrant Agreement”) with Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as warrant agent (the “Warrant Agent”). On November 17, 2022, Tiga and the Warrant Agent entered into the First Amendment to the Warrant Agreement (“Amendment No. 1 to the Warrant Agreement”), which, among other things, provided for the mechanics of issuance of certain forward purchase and backstop warrants.

The foregoing descriptions of the Warrant Agreement and Amendment No. 1 to the Warrant Agreement are not complete and are subject to, and qualified in their entirety, by reference to the Warrant Agreement and Amendment No. 1 to the Warrant Agreement, copies of which are attached hereto as Exhibit 4.3 and Exhibit 10.8, respectively, and the terms of which are incorporated by reference herein.

Item 2.01
Completion of Acquisition or Disposition of Assets

The disclosure set forth in the “Explanatory Note” above is incorporated into this Item 2.01 by reference.
 


FORM 10 INFORMATION

Item 2.01(f) of Form 8-K states that if the predecessor registrant was a shell company, as Tiga was immediately before the Business Combination, then the registrant must disclose the information that would be required if the registrant were filing a general form for registration of securities on Form 10. Accordingly, the Company, as the successor issuer to Tiga, is providing the information below that would be included in a Form 10 if the Company were to file a Form 10. Please note that the information provided below relates to the Company as the combined company after the consummation of the Business Combination, unless otherwise specifically indicated or the context otherwise requires.

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

Certain statements made in this Current Report on Form 8-K are “forward looking statements” within the meaning of the “safe harbor” provisions of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such “forward-looking statements” with respect to the transaction between Legacy Grindr and Tiga include statements regarding the benefits of the transaction and expectations regarding the combined company’s position to serve Grindr’s platform and LGBTQ+ community. These forward-looking statements can generally be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology, including the terms “believes,” “estimates,” “anticipates,” “expects,” “seeks,” “projects,” “intends,” “plans,” “may,” “will” or “should” or, in each case, their negative or other variations or comparable terminology, but the absence of these words does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking. These forward-looking statements include all matters that are not historical facts.  Forward-looking statements are predictions, projections and other statements about future events that are based on current expectations and assumptions and, as a result, are subject to risks and uncertainties. Many factors could cause actual future events to differ materially from the forward-looking statements in this Current Report on Form 8-K, including but not limited to: (i) the impact of the regulatory environment and complexities with compliance related to such environment; (ii) the ability to respond to general economic conditions; (iii) the success in obtaining the required regulatory approvals for the combined company; (iv) factors relating to the business, operations and financial performance of Grindr and its subsidiaries, including: (a) competition in the dating and social networking products and services industry; (b) the ability to maintain and attract users; and (c) fluctuation in quarterly and yearly results; (v) natural disasters, outbreaks and pandemics, including as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, monkeypox, economic, social, weather, growth constraints and regulatory conditions or other circumstances affecting the industry in which Grindr operates; (vi) the ability to adapt to changes in technology and user preferences in a timely and cost-effective manner; (vii) the ability to maintain compliance with privacy and data protection laws and regulations; (viii) the ability to protect systems and infrastructures from cyber-attacks and prevent unauthorized data access; (ix) the dependence on the integrity of third-party systems and infrastructure; (x) Grindr’s ability to protect its intellectual property rights from unauthorized use by third parties; (xii) effect of the announcement of the transaction on the Grindr’s business relationships, operating results, and business generally; (xii) risks that the transaction disrupts current plans and operations of Grindr and potential difficulties in Grindr employee retention as a result of the transaction; (xiii) the outcome of any legal proceedings that may be instituted against Grindr related to the Merger Agreement or the transaction; (xiv) the ability to maintain the listing of Grindr securities on a national securities exchange; (xv) the price of Grindr’s securities may be volatile due to a variety of factors, including changes in the competitive and regulated industries in which Grindr operates, variations in operating performance across competitors, changes in laws and regulations affecting the Grindr’s business, Grindr’s inability to implement its business plan or meet or exceed its financial projections, and changes in the combined capital structure; and (xvi) and the ability to implement business plans, forecasts, and other expectations after the completion of the transaction, and identify and realize additional opportunities. The foregoing list of factors is not exhaustive. You should carefully consider the foregoing factors and the other risks and uncertainties described in the registration statement on Form S-4, the definitive proxy statement or final prospectus, and other documents filed or that may be filed by the Company, from time to time, with the SEC. These filings identify and address other important risks and uncertainties that could cause actual events and results to differ materially from those contained in the forward- looking statements. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made. Readers are cautioned not to put undue reliance on forward-looking statements, and the Company assumes no obligation and does not intend to update or revise these forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise. The Company gives no assurance that it will achieve its expectations.


Business and Properties

The businesses of Tiga and Legacy Grindr prior to the Business Combination and the Company following the Business Combination are described in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus in the sections entitled “Combined Business Summary—The Parties” beginning on page 27, “Other Information Related to Tiga” beginning on page 218 and “Information about Grindr” beginning on page 235 and that information is incorporated herein by reference.

Risk Factors

The risk factors related to the Company’s and Legacy Grindr’s businesses and operations and the Business Combination are set forth beginning on page 57 of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus in the section entitled “Risk Factors” and that information is incorporated herein by reference.

Selected Historical Financial Information

Reference is made to the disclosure set forth in Item 9.01 of this Current Report on Form 8-K concerning the selected historical financial information of the Company and Legacy Grindr for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the six months ended June 30, 2022, and nine months ended September 30, 2022. Reference is further made to the disclosure contained in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus in the sections entitled “Grindr’s Summary Historical Consolidated Financial Data” beginning on page 48, “Summary Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Financial Information” beginning on page 50, “Comparative Per Share Data” beginning on page 53, “Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Financial Information” beginning on page 312, and Exhibit 99.4 to this Current Report on Form 8-K, which are incorporated herein by reference.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations on the Years Ended December 30, 2019 and 2020 and the Six Months Ended June 30, 2022

Reference is made to the disclosure contained in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus in the section entitled “Grindr’s Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” beginning on page 263, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation on the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022

Reference is made to the disclosure contained in Exhibit 99.2 to this Current Report on Form 8-K in the section entitled “Grindr’s Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” which is incorporated herein by reference.

Unaudited Grindr and San Vicente Offshore Holdings (Cayman) Limited Financial Statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021

The financial statements (audited) of Legacy Grindr and its subsidiaries and San Vicente Offshore Holdings (Cayman) Limited as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 are attached hereto as Exhibit 99.4 and incorporated herein by reference.

Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Information

The pro forma condensed consolidated combined financial statements (unaudited) of Legacy Grindr and its subsidiaries as of and for the year ended December 31, 2021 and as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 is attached hereto as Exhibit 99.3 and incorporated herein by reference.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Reference is made to the disclosure beginning on page 285 of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus in the section entitled “Grindr’s Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk,” which is incorporated herein by reference.

Properties

The properties of Legacy Grindr and Tiga are described beginning on page 260 of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus in the section entitled “Information About Grindr—Facilities and Office Space” and that information is incorporated herein by reference.


SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT

The following table sets forth the beneficial ownership of Grindr Common Stock immediately following consummation of the Business Combination by:

each person who is the beneficial owner of more than 5% of Grindr Common Stock;

each person who is an executive officer or director of the Company; and

all executive officers and directors of the Company, as a group.

Beneficial ownership is determined according to the rules of the SEC, which generally provide that a person has beneficial ownership of a security if he, she or it possesses sole or shared voting or investment power over that security or the right to acquire such power within 60 days.

There were 173,524,360 shares of Grindr Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately following the consummation of the Business Combination. Grindr Common Stock issuable upon exercise of warrants or options currently exercisable within 60 days are deemed outstanding solely for purposes of calculating the percentage of total voting power of the beneficial owner thereof. Unless otherwise indicated, the Company believes that all persons named below have sole voting and investment power with respect to the voting securities indicated in the table below and the corresponding footnotes as being beneficially owned by them.

Name and Address of Beneficial Owner(1)
  Number of
Shares of
Common
Stock

  Percentage of
Shares of
Common
Stock(2)

 
5% Holders
             
The 1997 Gearon Family Trust(3)
   
15,468,109
   
8.9%
 
Ashish Gupta(4)    
14,084,055
   
7.9%
 
Jeremy Leonard Brest(5)
   
10,548,557
   
6.1%
 
Directors and Executive Officers
             
George Arison
   
   
 
Vandana Mehta-Krantz
   
   
 
Austin Balance
   
   
 
Raymond Zage, III(6)
   
93,941,409
   
49.5%
 
James Fu Bin Lu(7)
   
40,316,686
   
23.1%
 
J. Michael Gearon, Jr.(3)
   
15,468,109
   
8.9%
 
Daniel Brooks Baer
   
   
 
Meghan Stabler
   
   
 
Gary I. Horowitz
   
   
 
Maggie Lower
   
   
 
Nathan Richardson
   
   
 
All Company directors and executive officers as a group (eleven individuals)
   
130,510,590
   
81.4%
 

(1)
Unless otherwise noted, the business address of each of those listed in the table above is c/o Grindr Inc., 750 N San Vicente Blvd Ste RE1400, West Hollywood, CA 90069.

(2)
In calculating the percentages, (a) the numerator is calculated by adding the number of shares of Grindr Common Stock held by such beneficial owners and the number of shares of Grindr Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of a warrant to purchase Grindr Common Shares at an exercise price of $11.50 (each a “Grindr Warrant”) or options and (b) the denominator is calculated by adding the aggregate number of shares of Grindr Common Stock outstanding and the number of shares Grindr Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of Grindr Warrants or options held by such beneficial owner, if any (but not the number of shares of Grindr Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of Grindr Warrants or options held by any other beneficial owner).

(3)
Consists of (i) 14,948,334 shares of Grindr Common Stock and (ii) 519,775 Grindr Warrants, the record holder of all of which is 28th Street Ventures, LLC, a Georgia limited liability company (“28th Street”). Mr. Gearon and The 1997 Gearon Family Trust, by virtue of each of their 50% beneficial ownership of 28th Street, may be deemed to beneficially own the securities owned by 28th Street. Mr. Gearon and The 1997 Gearon Family Trust disclaim any beneficial ownership of the securities held by 28th Street, respectively, other than to the extent of any pecuniary interest he may have therein, directly or indirectly. The business address for 28th Street, Mr. Gearon and The 1997 Gearon Family Trust is 3350 Riverwood Parkway, Suite 425, Atlanta, GA 30339.



(4)
Consists of (i) 9,184,168 shares of Grindr Common Stock and (ii) 4,899,887 Grindr Warrants. Mr. Gupta has pledged 7,474,168 shares of  Grindr Common Stock and 259,887 Grindr Warrants to certain lenders in connection with a financing arrangement. The business address for Mr. Gupta is Ocean Financial Centre, Level 40, 10 Collyer Quay, Singapore 049315.

(5)
Consists of (i) 10,194,093 shares of Grindr Common Stock and (ii) 354,464 Grindr Warrants, all of which have been pledged to certain lenders in connection with a financing arrangement. The business address for Mr. Brest is 20A Cluny Park Singapore 259634.

(6)
Consists of (i) 77,136,333 shares of Grindr Common Stock, (ii) 16,423,762 Grindr Warrants, and (iii) an option to acquire 381,314 shares of Grindr Common Stock within 60 days of Closing. Mr. Zage is the record holder of 5,130,000 of the shares of Grindr Common Stock and 13,920,000 of the Grindr Warrants reported herein and Tiga SVH Investments Limited, a Cayman Islands company (“Tiga SVH”), is the record holder of the remainder. Tiga SVH is 100% owned by Tiga Investments Pte. Ltd, a Singapore company (“Tiga Investments”), which is in turn 100% owned by Mr. Zage. Tiga SVH has pledged 72,006,333 shares of Grindr Common Stock and 2,503,762 Grindr Warrants to certain lenders in connection with a financing arrangement. The business address for Mr. Zage, Tiga SVH, and Tiga Investments is Ocean Financial Centre, Level 40, 10 Collyer Quay, Singapore 049315.

(7)
Consists of (i) 38,425,923 shares of Grindr Common Stock, (ii) 1,336,124 Grindr Warrants, and (iii) an the option to acquire 554,639 shares of Grindr Common Stock within 60 days of Closing, the record holder of all of which is Longview Capital SVH LLC, a Washington limited liability company (“Longview SVH”). Longview SVH is 100% owned by Longview Grindr Holdings Limited, a British Virgin Islands company (“Longview Grindr”), which in turn is 100% owned by Longview Capital Holdings LLC, a Washington limited liability company (“Longview”), which is 100% owned by Mr. Lu. Longview SVH has pledged 38,425,923 shares of Grindr Common Stock and 1,336,124 Grindr Warrants to certain lenders in connection with a financing arrangement. The business address for Mr. Lu, Longview SVH, Longview Grindr, and Longview is 428 East Street Ste E, Grinnell, IA 50112.

Directors and Executive Officers

The Company’s directors and executive officers after the Closing are described beginning on page 288 of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus in the section entitled “Management of New Grindr Following the Business Combination” and that information is incorporated herein by reference. 



Director Independence

Information with respect to the independence of the Company’s directors is set forth beginning on page 291 of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus in the section entitled “Management of New Grindr Following the Business Combination—Corporate Governance—Director Independence” and that information is incorporated herein by reference.

Committees of the Board of Directors

Information with respect to the composition of the Board immediately after the Closing is set forth in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus in the section entitled “Management of New Grindr Following the Business Combination Corporate GovernanceComposition of the Board of Directors” beginning on page 291 and “Management of New Grindr  Following the Business CombinationCorporate GovernanceCommittees of the Board of Directors” beginning on page 292 and that information is incorporated herein by reference, subject to the updates set forth in Item 5.02 below, which is incorporated by reference into this Item 2.01.

Executive Compensation

A description of the compensation of the named executive officers of Legacy Grindr before the consummation of the Business Combination is set forth beginning on page 295 of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus in the section entitled “Executive Compensation,” and that information is incorporated herein by reference.

At the Extraordinary General Meeting, Tiga stockholders approved the Grindr Inc. 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Equity Incentive Plan”). The description of the Equity Incentive Plan is set forth beginning on page 197 of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus section entitled “Proposal No. 7—the Incentive Plan Proposal,”  which is incorporated herein by reference. The description of the Equity Incentive Plan is not complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the Equity Incentive Plan, a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit 10.3 and the terms of which are incorporated by reference herein. Following the consummation of the Business Combination, the Company expects that the Board will approve grants of awards under the Equity Incentive Plan to eligible participants, as described beginning on page 198 of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus in the section entitled “Proposal No. 7—the Incentive Plan Proposal—Description of the 2022 Equity Incentive Plan—Awards.

Director Compensation

A description of the compensation of the directors of Legacy Grindr before the consummation of the Business Combination is set forth beginning on page 301 of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus in the section entitled “Executive Compensation,” and that information is incorporated herein by reference.

In connection with the Business Combination, and on behalf of the Company, Legacy Grindr previously entered into board offer letters with our non-employee directors between April 2022 and the date of the Closing. Pursuant to the respective board offer letters, the Board approved the following cash and equity compensation for our non-employee directors: $100,000 for the 12-month period beginning upon the consummation of the Business Combination, 20% of which shall be paid in cash and 80% of which shall be paid in the form of shares of Grindr Common Stock and, for every non-employee director who is elected to chair a committee of the Board, an additional $25,000, 20% of which shall be paid in cash and 80% of which shall be paid in the form of shares of Grindr Common Stock. The annual retainer fees will be paid to our non-employee directors in four substantially equal installments at the end of each full quarter of Board service.

Accordingly, the Board granted awards of restricted stock units covering 5,000 shares of our Grindr Common Stock to each of our non-employee directors who does not chair a committee of the Board and an award of restricted stock units covering 6,250 shares of our Grindr Common Stock to each of our non-employee directors who does chair a committee of the Board, which respectively represent a prorated amount of the $80,000 and $5,000 equity portions of director compensation for the non-employee director’s Board service and, if applicable, committee chair service. Each of these restricted stock unit awards vests as to one-half of the award on March 15th, 2023, and as to the remaining one-half of the award on the earlier of (i) June 15th, 2023 and (ii) the first annual general meeting of Company stockholders following the Closing, subject to the non-employee director remaining in continuous service through each vesting date.

Employment Agreements

A description of the employment agreements that a subsidiary of the Company has entered into with certain Company officers is set forth beginning on page 297 of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus in the section entitled “Executive Compensation—Executive Compensation Arrangements,” and that information is incorporated herein by reference.

Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions

Certain relationships and related party transactions of the Company are described beginning on page 342 of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus in the section entitled “Certain Relationships and Related Persons Transactions” and that information is incorporated herein by reference.
 


Legal Proceedings

Reference is made to the disclosure regarding legal proceedings in the section of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus entitled “Other Information Related to Tiga—Legal Proceedings” beginning on page 224 and “Information about Grindr—Legal Proceedings” beginning on page 262 and that information is incorporated herein by reference.

Market Price of and Dividends on Grindr Common Stock and Related Stockholder Matters

Tiga’s publicly-traded Class A ordinary shares, units and warrants were historically listed on the NYSE under the symbols “TINV,” “TINV.U” and “TINV.WS,” respectively. On November 18, 2022, Tiga’s Class A ordinary shares and warrants outstanding upon the Closing began trading on the NYSE under the symbols “GRND” and “GRND.WS,” respectively. As a result of the Domestication that occurred on November 17, 2022, at Closing, (i) each then issued and outstanding Tiga Class A Share was converted automatically, on a one-for-one basis, into a share of Domesticated Tiga Common Stock, (ii) each then issued and outstanding Tiga Class B Share was converted automatically, on a one-for one basis, into a share of Domesticated Tiga Common Stock, and (iii) each then issued and outstanding Domesticated Tiga Warrant became a warrant to purchase Grindr Common Shares at an exercise price of $11.50 (each a “Grindr Warrant”).

The Company currently intends to retain its future earnings, if any, to finance the further development and expansion of its business and does not intend to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination to pay dividends will be at the discretion of the Board and will depend on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, restrictions contained in future agreements and financing instruments, business prospects and such other factors as its Board deems relevant. As a result, you may not receive any return on an investment in Grindr Common Stock unless you sell Grindr Common Stock for a price greater than that which you paid for it. See the section beginning on page 334 of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus entitled “Market Price and Dividend Information” and such information is incorporated herein by reference.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

Reference is made to the disclosure set forth below under Item 3.02 of this Current Report on Form 8-K concerning the issuance and sale by the Company of certain unregistered securities, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Description of Registrant’s Securities to Be Registered

The description of the Company’s securities is contained beginning on page 321 of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus in the section entitled “Description of Securities” and that information is incorporated herein by reference.

Indemnification of Directors and Officers

The disclosure set forth in Item 1.01 of this Current Report on Form 8-K under the heading “Indemnification of Directors and Officers” is incorporated into this Item 2.01 by reference.

Financial Statements and Exhibits

The information set forth under Item 9.01 of this Current Report on Form 8-K is incorporated herein by reference.

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

The information set forth under Item 4.01 of this Current Report on Form 8-K is incorporated herein by reference.



Item 3.02
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities.

Warrants

As a result of the Domestication that occurred on November 17, 2022, (i) each then issued and outstanding Tiga warrant was converted automatically into a Domesticated Tiga Warrant and (ii) each then issued and outstanding Tiga unit was separated and converted automatically into one share of Domesticated Tiga Common Stock and one-half of one Domesticated Tiga Warrant. As a result of and upon the Closing and in accordance with the applicable terms of the Merger Agreement, (i) each Legacy Grindr Warrant issued and outstanding was converted into the right to receive a number of Domesticated Tiga Warrants equal to and on the same terms of the Forward Purchase Warrants and Backstop Warrants under the Forward Purchase Agreement and (ii) each Domesticated Tiga Warrrant became a Grindr Warrant.

The Domesticated Tiga Warrants and Grindr Warrants were issued pursuant to and in accordance with the exemption from registration under the Securities Act, under Section 4(a)(2) and/or Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act.

Item 3.03
Material Modification to Rights of Security Holders.

In connection with the Business Combination, on November 18, 2022, the Company filed a Certificate of Incorporation (the “Certificate of Incorporation”) with the Delaware Secretary of State, and also adopted Bylaws on November 18, 2022 (the “Bylaws”), which replaced Tiga’s amended and restated memorandum and articles of association in effect as of such time. The material terms of the Certificate of Incorporation and the Bylaws and the general effect upon the rights of holders of the Grindr Common Stock are discussed in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus in the sections entitled “Proposal No. 3 - Organizational Documents Proposal” beginning on page 189.

The Grindr Common Stock and public warrants are listed for trading on the NYSE under the symbols “GRND” and “GRND WS,” respectively. On the date of the Closing, the CUSIP numbers relating to Grindr Common Stock and warrants changed to 39854F 101 and 39854F 119, respectively.

The foregoing description of the Certificate of Incorporation and the Bylaws is not complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the Certificate of Incorporation and the Bylaws, copies of which are attached hereto as Exhibit 3.1 and Exhibit 3.2, respectively, and the terms of which are incorporated by reference herein.

Item 4.01
Changes in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant.

On November 18, 2022, the Board approved the engagement of Ernst & Young LLP (“EY”) as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2022, subject to the satisfactory completion of their client acceptance procedures. EY previously served as the independent registered public accounting firm of Legacy Grindr prior to the Business Combination. Accordingly, WithumSmith+Brown, PC (“Withum”), Tiga’s independent registered public accounting firm prior to the Business Combination, was informed on November 18, 2022 that it would be replaced by EY as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm.

Withum’s report of independent registered public accounting firm dated March 22, 2022 on Tiga’s balance sheet as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the related statements of operations, changes in shareholders’ deficit and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2021 and for the period from July 27, 2020 (Tiga’s inception) through December 31, 2020 and the related notes to the financial statements did not contain any adverse opinion or disclaimer of opinion, except for an explanatory paragraph as to Legacy Grindr’s ability to continue as a going concern, and were not qualified or modified as to uncertainties, audit scope or accounting principles. During the period from July 27, 2020 through December 31, 2021 and the subsequent interim period through November 18, 2022, there were no “disagreements” (as such term is defined in Item 304(a)(1)(iv) of Regulation S-K) with Withum on any matter of accounting principles or practices, financial statement disclosure, or auditing scope or procedures, which disagreements, if not resolved to the satisfaction of Withum, would have caused Withum to make reference thereto in its reports on Tiga’s financial statements for such periods.



During the period from July 27, 2020 through December 31, 2021 and the subsequent interim period through November 18, 2022, there have been no “reportable events” (as such term is defined in Item 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K), other than the material weakness in internal controls identified by management over financial reporting, which has been remediated by Tiga during the six months ended June 30, 2022.

During the period from July 27, 2020 through December 31, 2021 and the subsequent interim period through November 18, 2022, neither the Company, nor anyone on the Company’s behalf consulted with EY regarding (i) the application of accounting principles to a specified transaction (either completed or proposed); or the type of audit opinion that might be rendered on the Company’s financial statements, and no written report or oral advice was provided to the Company by EY that EY concluded was an important factor considered by the Company in reaching a decision as to such accounting, auditing, or financial reporting issue; or (ii) any matter that was either the subject of a “disagreement,” as defined in Item 304(a)(1)(iv) of Regulation S-K and the related instructions, or a “reportable event,” as defined in Item 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K.

The Company has provided Withum with a copy of the disclosures made by the registrant in this Item 4.01 in response to Item 304(a) of Regulation S-K under the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) and requested that Withum furnish the Company with a letter addressed to the SEC stating whether it agrees with the statements made by the registrant in this Item 4.01 in response to Item 304(a) of Regulation S-K under the Exchange Act and, if not, stating the respects in which it does not agree. A letter from Withum is attached hereto as Exhibit 16.1.

Item 5.01
Changes in Control of Registrant.

Reference is made to the disclosure beginning on page 140 of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus in the section entitled “Proposal No. 1—The Business Combination Proposal—The Merger Agreement,” which is incorporated herein by reference. Further reference is made to the information contained in the “Explanatory Note” above and Item 2.01 to this Current Report on Form 8-K, which is incorporated herein by reference.

As of the date of the Closing, our post-Closing directors and executive officers and their respective affiliated entities beneficially owned approximately 75.2% of the outstanding shares of Grindr Common Stock, which represents approximately 75.2% of the total voting power of our outstanding shares, and the securityholders of Tiga immediately prior to the Closing (which includes G. Raymond Zage, III, one of our post-Closing directors) beneficially owned post-Closing approximately 49.5% of the outstanding shares of Grindr Common Stock.

Item 5.02
Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers; Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers

On the date of the Closing, and in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement, the Board became comprised of nine directors: James Fu Bin Lu, G. Raymond Zage, III, J. Michael Gearon, Jr., Nathan Richardson, Daniel Brooks Baer, George Arison, Gary I. Horowitz, Meghan Stabler, and Maggie Lower. Concurrently with the consummation of the Business Combination, the following individuals became the executive officers of the Company: George Arison, Vandana Mehta-Krantz, and Austin “AJ” Balance. Concurrently with the consummation of the Business Combination, Tiga’s officers and directors resigned from their respective positions at Tiga.

On the date of the Closing, the Company’s audit committee consisted of Nathan Richardson, Gary I. Horowitz, and Meghan Stabler, with Nathan Richardson serving as the chair of the committee. The Board determined that each of these individuals meets the independence requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended, or the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act and the applicable listing standards of the NYSE. The Board determined that Nathan Richardson qualified as an audit committee financial expert within the meaning of SEC regulations and met the financial sophistication requirements of the rules.
 


On the date of the Closing, the Company’s compensation committee consisted of J. Michael Gearon, Jr., James Fu Bin Lu and Nathan Richardson, with J. Michael Gearon, Jr. serving as chair of the committee. The Board determined that each of these individuals is “independent” as defined under the applicable listing standards of NYSE and SEC rules and regulations.

On the date of the Closing, the Company’s nominating and corporate governance committee consisted of James Fu Bin Lu and Maggie Lower, with James Fu Bin Lu serving as chair of the committee. The Board determined that each of these individuals is “independent” as defined under the applicable listing standards of NYSE and SEC rules and regulations.

The disclosure set forth in Item 2.01 of this Current Report on Form 8-K under the headings “Executive Compensation,” “Director Compensation,” “Employment Agreements,” “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions” and “Indemnification of Directors and Officers” is incorporated in this Item 5.02 by reference. Additionally, the disclosure set forth in Item 1.01 of this Current Report on Form 8-K under the heading “Stockholders Agreement” is incorporated in this Item 5.02 by reference.

Item 5.06
Change in Shell Company Status.

Upon the Closing, the Company ceased to be a shell company. The material terms of the Business Combination are described beginning on page 140 of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus in the sections entitled “Proposal No. 1—The Business Combination Proposal,” and are incorporated herein by reference.

Item 7.01
Regulation FD Disclosure.

The information in this Item 7.01, including Exhibit 99.1, is furnished and shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, or otherwise subject to liabilities under that section, and shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into the filings of the Company under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, regardless of any general incorporation language in such filings. On November 18, 2022, the Company issued a press release announcing the Closing. The press release is furnished as Exhibit 99.1 to this Current Report.

Item 9.01
Financial Statements and Exhibits.


(a)
Financial statements of businesses acquired.

The condensed (unaudited) financial statements of Tiga as of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and the related notes are included in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus beginning on page F-3 of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus and incorporated herein by reference.

The financial statements (audited) of Tiga as of and for the period from June 27, 2020 (Tiga’s inception) to December 31, 2020, the year ended December 31, 2020, the year ended  December 31, 2021 and the related notes are included in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus beginning on page F-26 of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus and incorporated herein by reference.

The condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited) of Legacy Grindr as of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and the related notes are included in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus beginning on page F-45 of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus and are incorporated herein by reference.

The consolidated financial statements (audited) of Legacy Grindr as of and for the period from June 11, 2020 (Predecessor) through December 31, 2020 (Successor), January 1, 2020 through June 10, 2020 (Predecessor), and for the Year Ended December 31, 2019 (Predecessor) and the related notes are included in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus beginning on page F-63 of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus and incorporated herein by reference.

The condensed consolidated financial statements of Legacy Grindr (unaudited) as of September 30, 2022 and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 and the related notes are attached hereto as Exhibit 99.2 and Exhibit 99.4, and are incorporated herein by reference.

The San Vicente Offshore Holdings (Cayman) Limited financial statements (unaudited) as of September 30, 2022 and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 and the related notes are attached hereto as Exhibit 99.4 and are incorporated herein by reference.





(b)
Pro forma financial information.

Certain pro forma financial information of the Company is attached hereto as Exhibit 99.3 and is incorporated herein by reference.


(c)
Exhibits.

Exhibit
Number
 
Description
 
Agreement and Plan of Merger by and among Tiga Acquisition Corp., Tiga Merger Sub LLC and Grindr Group LLC, dated May 9, 2022.
 
First Amendment to the Agreement and Plan of Merger by and among Tiga Acquisition Corp., Tiga Merger Sub LLC and Grindr Group LLC, dated October 5, 2022.
 
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Grindr Inc., dated November 18, 2022.
 
Amended and Restated Bylaws of Grindr Inc., dated November 18, 2022.
 
Specimen Common Stock Certificate of Grindr Inc.
 
Specimen Warrant Certificate of Grindr Inc.
 
Warrant Agreement between Grindr Inc. and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as warrant agent, dated November 23, 2020.
 
Certificate of Corporate Domestication of Tiga, dated November 17, 2022.
 
Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement by and among Grindr Inc., Tiga Sponsor LLC, the independent directors of Tiga, and certain former stockholders of Grindr Group LLC, dated November 18, 2022.
 
Form of Indemnification Agreement of Grindr Inc.
 
Grindr Inc.’s 2022 Equity Incentive Plan and forms of award agreement thereunder.
10.4*
  Convertible Promissory Note, between Tiga Acquisition Corp. and Tiga Sponsor LLC, dated as of March 16, 2022.
 
Payoff Letter between Tiga Acquisition Corp. and Tiga Sponsor LLC, dated November 17, 2022.
10.6*
 
Amended and Restated Forward Purchase Agreement, between Tiga Acquisition Corp. and Tiga Sponsor LLC, dated May 9, 2022.
10.7*
 
Joinder and Assignment Agreement to Amended and Restated Forward Purchase Agreement by and among San Vicente Parent LLC, Tiga Acquisition Corp., and Tiga Sponsor LLC, dated November 10, 2022.
10.8*
 
First Amendment to the Warrant Agreement between Grindr Inc. and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as warrant agent, dated November 17, 2022.
 
Letter from Withum to the Securities and Exchange Commission.
 
List of Subsidiaries.
 
Press Release, dated November 18, 2022.
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of Legacy Grindr for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022.
 
Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Information.
99.4*
 
Legacy Grindr and San Vicente Offshore Holdings (Cayman) Limited financial statements (unaudited) as of September 30, 2022 and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021.
104
  Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document).

#
Certain schedules to this Exhibit have been omitted in accordance with Item 601(a)(5) of Regulation S-K of the Exchange Act. The Company hereby agrees to hereby furnish supplementally a copy of all omitted schedules to the SEC upon request.

+
Indicates a management or compensatory plan.

^
Certain portions of this Exhibit have been redacted pursuant to Item 601(b)(10)(iv) of Regulation S-K. The Company hereby agrees to furnish supplementally an unredacted copy of the exhibit to the SEC upon its request.

*
Filed herewith.
 
**
Previously filed.



SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Current Report on Form 8-K to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

 
GRINDR INC.
     
 
By:
/s/ Vandana Mehta-Krantz
Date: November 23, 2022
 
Name:
Vandana Mehta-Krantz
   
Title:
Chief Financial Officer



Exhibit 3.1

CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

OF

GRINDR INC.


ARTICLE I

NAME

The name of this corporation is Grindr Inc. (the “Corporation”).

ARTICLE II

REGISTERED OFFICE AND AGENT

The address of the registered office of the Corporation in the State of Delaware is 251 Little Falls Dr., Wilmington, DE 19808. The name of its registered agent at such address is Corporation Service Company.

ARTICLE III

PURPOSE

The purpose of the Corporation is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which a corporation may be organized under the Delaware General Corporation Law (as amended, the “DGCL”).

ARTICLE IV

AUTHORIZED CAPITAL AND CAPITAL STOCK

A. AUTHORIZED STOCK. The Corporation is authorized to issue two classes of stock to be designated, respectively, “Common Stock” and “Preferred Stock.” The total number of shares of stock which the Corporation is authorized to issue is 1,100,000,000 shares, consisting of (i) 1,000,000,000 shares of Common Stock, having a par value per share of $0.0001 and (ii) 100,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, having a par value per share of $0.0001.

B. PREFERRED STOCK. The Preferred Stock may be issued from time to time in one or more series. The Board of Directors of the Corporation (the “Board of Directors”) is hereby expressly authorized to provide for the issuance of all or any number of the shares of the Preferred Stock in one or more series, and to fix the number of shares and to determine or alter for each such series, such voting powers, full or limited, or no voting powers, and such designation, preferences, and relative, participating, optional, or other rights and such qualifications, limitations, or restrictions thereof, as shall be stated and expressed in the resolution or resolutions adopted by the Board of Directors providing for the issuance of such shares and filed in a certificate pursuant to the applicable law of the State of Delaware (such resolutions or certificate being hereinafter referred to as a “Preferred Stock Designation”) and as may be permitted by the DGCL. The Board of Directors is also expressly authorized to increase or decrease the number of shares of any series subsequent to the issuance of shares of that series, but not below the number of shares of such series then outstanding. The number of authorized shares of Preferred Stock may be increased or decreased (but not below the number of shares thereof then outstanding) by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power of the stock of the Corporation entitled to vote thereon, without a separate vote of the holders of the Preferred Stock, or of any series thereof, unless a vote of any such holders is required pursuant to the terms of any Preferred Stock Designation.


C. COMMON STOCK. Each outstanding share of Common Stock shall entitle the holder thereof to one vote on each matter properly submitted to the stockholders of the Corporation for their vote; provided, however, that, except as otherwise required by law, holders of Common Stock shall not be entitled to vote on any amendment to this Certificate of Incorporation (including any Preferred Stock Designation relating to any series of Preferred Stock) that relates solely to the terms of one or more outstanding series of Preferred Stock if the holders of such affected series are entitled, either separately or together as a class with the holders of one or more other such series, to vote thereon by law or pursuant to this Certificate of Incorporation (including any Preferred Stock Designation relating to any series of Preferred Stock).

D. Subject to the rights of the holders of any outstanding series of Preferred Stock, the holders of shares of Common Stock shall be entitled to receive any dividends to the extent permitted by law when, as and if declared by the Board of Directors of the Company.

ARTICLE V

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

For the management of the business and for the conduct of the affairs of the Corporation, and in further definition, limitation and regulation of the powers of the Corporation, of its directors and of its stockholders or any class thereof, as the case may be, it is further provided that:

A. MANAGEMENT OF BUSINESS. The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or in direction of the Board of Directors. In addition to the powers and authority expressly conferred upon them by statute or by this Certificate of Incorporation or the Bylaws, the directors are hereby empowered to exercise all such powers and do all such acts and things as may be exercised or done by the Corporation. The number of directors which shall constitute the Board of Directors shall be fixed exclusively by resolutions adopted by at least a majority of the authorized number of directors constituting the Board of Directors.

B. ELECTION OF BOARD OF DIRECTORS.

1. No stockholder entitled to vote at an election for directors may cumulate votes to which such stockholder is entitled unless required by applicable law at the time of such election. During such time or times that applicable law requires cumulative voting, every stockholder entitled to vote at an election for directors may cumulate such stockholder’s votes and give one candidate a number of votes equal to the number of directors to be elected multiplied by the number of votes to which such stockholder’s shares are otherwise entitled, or distribute the stockholder’s votes on the same principle among as many candidates as such stockholder thinks fit. No stockholder, however, shall be entitled to so cumulate such stockholder’s votes unless (i) the names of such candidate or candidates have been placed in nomination prior to the voting and (ii) the stockholder has given notice at the meeting, prior to the voting, of such stockholder’s intention to cumulate such stockholder’s votes. If any stockholder has given proper notice to cumulate votes, all stockholders may cumulate their votes for any candidates who have been properly placed in nomination. Under cumulative voting, the candidates receiving the highest number of votes, up to the number of directors to be elected, are elected.

2. The directors of the Corporation need not be elected by written ballot unless the Bylaws so provide.

3.  Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this section, each director shall serve until their successor is duly elected and qualified or until their earlier death, resignation or removal. No decrease in the number of directors constituting the Board of Directors shall shorten the term of any incumbent director.
2


C. REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS.

1. Subject to any limitations imposed by applicable law and subject to the rights of holders of any series of Preferred Stock then outstanding, any individual director or directors may be removed from office at any time, with or without cause and only by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least sixty-six and two-thirds percent (66 2∕3%) of the voting power of all then-outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote thereon, voting together as a single class.

D. VACANCIES.

1. Subject to any limitations imposed by applicable law and subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock then outstanding, any vacancies on the Board of Directors resulting from death, resignation, disqualification, removal or other causes and any newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the number of directors, shall, unless (a) the Board of Directors determines by resolution that any such vacancies or newly created directorships shall be filled by the stockholders or (b) as otherwise required by applicable law, be filled only by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors then in office, even if less than a quorum of the Board of Directors, and not by the stockholders. Any Director elected in accordance with the preceding sentence shall hold office for the remainder of the full term of the director for which the vacancy was created or occurred and until such director’s successor shall have been elected and qualified.

E. BYLAW AMENDMENTS.

1. The Board of Directors is expressly empowered to adopt, amend or repeal the Bylaws of the Corporation. Any adoption, amendment or repeal of the Bylaws of the Corporation by the Board of Directors shall require the approval of a majority of the authorized number of directors. The stockholders shall also have power to adopt, amend or repeal the Bylaws of the Corporation; provided, however, that, in addition to any vote of the holders of any class or series of stock of the Corporation required by law or by this Certificate of Incorporation, such action by stockholders shall require the affirmative vote of the holders of at least sixty-six and two-thirds percent (66 2∕3%) of the voting power of all of the then-outstanding shares of the capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote thereon, voting together as a single class.

ARTICLE VI

MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS

A. Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock, any action required or permitted to be taken by the stockholders of the Corporation must be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting of stockholders of the Corporation and may not be effected by any consent in writing or electronic transmission by such stockholders.

B. Special meetings of the stockholders of the Corporation may only be called, for any purpose as is a proper matter for stockholder action under Delaware law, by (i) the Chairperson of the Board of Directors, (ii) any Chief Executive Officer or the President if the Chairperson of the Board of Directors is unavailable, or (iii) the Board of Directors pursuant to a resolution adopted by the Board of Directors.

C. Advance notice of stockholder nominations for the election of directors and of business to be brought by stockholders before any meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation shall be given in the manner provided in the Bylaws.
3


ARTICLE VII

CORPORATE OPPORTUNITY

A.  In the event that (i) Longview Capital SVH LLC, a Washington limited liability company, (ii) 28th Street Ventures, LLC, a Georgia limited liability company, and (iii) Tiga Investments Pte. Ltd., a Singapore private limited company, and, in each case, their respective affiliates or any of their respective officers, directors, employees, equity holders, members, and principals, other than someone who is an officer or employee of the Corporation (collectively, the “Covered Persons”), acquires knowledge of any business opportunity matter, potential transaction, interest or other matter, unless such matter, transaction or interest is presented to, or acquired, created or developed by, or otherwise comes into the possession of, a Covered Person expressly and solely in connection with such individual’s service as a director of the Corporation (a “Corporate Opportunity”), then the Corporation, pursuant to Section 122(17) of the DGCL and to the maximum extent permitted from time to time under Delaware law, (i) renounces any interest or expectancy of the Corporation that such Covered Person offer an opportunity to participate in such Corporate Opportunity to the Corporation and (ii) to the fullest extent permitted by law, waives any claim that such opportunity constituted a Corporate Opportunity that should have been presented by such Covered Person to the Corporation or any of its affiliates. No amendment or repeal of this paragraph shall apply to or have any effect on the liability or alleged liability of any officer, director or stockholder of the Corporation for or with respect to any opportunities of which such officer, director or stockholder becomes aware prior to such amendment or repeal.

ARTICLE VIII

LIMITATION OF DIRECTOR AND OFFICER LIABILITY

A.  No director or officer of the Corporation shall be liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director or officer, except to the extent such exemption from liability or limitation thereof is not permitted under the DGCL as the same exists or may hereafter be amended. Solely for purposes of this Section A of this Article VIII, “officer” shall have the meaning provided in Section 102(b)(7) of the DGCL as amended, from time to time.

B. To the fullest extent permitted by law, the Corporation is authorized to provide indemnification of (and advancement of expenses to) directors, officers and agents of the Corporation (and any other persons to which applicable law permits the Corporation to provide indemnification) through Bylaw provisions, agreements with such agents or other persons, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise in excess of the indemnification and advancement otherwise permitted by such applicable law.

C. Any repeal or modification of this Article VIII shall only be prospective and shall not affect the rights or protections or increase the liability of any director or officer under this Article VIII in effect at the time of the alleged occurrence of any act or omission to act giving rise to liability or indemnification.
4


ARTICLE IX

EXCLUSIVE FORUM

A. Unless the Corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (or, if and only if the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware lacks subject matter jurisdiction, any state court located within the State of Delaware or, if and only if all such state courts lack subject matter jurisdiction, the federal district court for the District of Delaware) and any appellate court therefrom shall be the sole and exclusive forum for the following claims or causes of action under Delaware statutory or common law: (A) any derivative claim or cause of action brought on behalf of the Corporation; (B) any claim or cause of action for breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any current or former director, officer or other employee of the Corporation, to the Corporation or the Corporation’s stockholders; (C) any claim or cause of action against the Corporation or any current or former director, officer or other employee of the Corporation, arising out of or pursuant to any provision of the DGCL, this Certificate of Incorporation or the Bylaws of the Corporation (as each may be amended from time to time); (D) any claim or cause of action seeking to interpret, apply, enforce or determine the validity of this Certificate of Incorporation or the Bylaws of the Corporation (as each may be amended from time to time, including any right, obligation, or remedy thereunder); (E) any claim or cause of action as to which the DGCL confers jurisdiction on the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware; and (F) any claim or cause of action against the Corporation or any current or former director, officer or other employee of the Corporation, governed by the internal-affairs doctrine or otherwise related to the Corporation’s internal affairs doctrine, in all cases to the fullest extent permitted by law and subject to the court having personal jurisdiction over the indispensable parties named as defendants. This Section A of Article IX shall not apply to claims or causes of action brought to enforce a duty or liability created by the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”), or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), or any other claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction.

B. Unless the Corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the federal district courts of the United States of America shall be the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the 1933 Act, including all causes of action asserted against any defendant named in such complaint. For the avoidance of doubt, this provision is intended to benefit and may be enforced by the Corporation, its officers and directors, the underwriters for any offering giving rise to such complaint, and any other professional entity whose profession gives authority to a statement made by that person or entity and who has prepared or certified any part of the documents underlying the offering.

C. Any person or entity holding, owning or otherwise acquiring any interest in any security of the Corporation shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the provisions of this Certificate of Incorporation.

ARTICLE X

BUSINESS COMBINATION

The Corporation hereby expressly elects not to be governed by Section 203 of the DGCL. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Corporation shall not engage in any business combination (as defined below), at any point in time at which the Corporation’s Common Stock is registered under Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act, with any interested stockholder (as defined below) for a period of three (3) years following the time that such stockholder became an interested stockholder, unless:

A. Prior to such time, the Board of Directors approved either the business combination or the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, or

B. Upon consummation of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock (as defined below) of the Corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding for purposes of determining the voting stock outstanding (but not the outstanding voting stock owned by the interested stockholder) those shares owned by (i) persons who are directors and also officers and (ii) employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer, or
5


C. At or subsequent to such time, the business combination is approved by the Board of Directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66 2∕3% of the outstanding voting stock of the Corporation that is not owned by the interested stockholder, or

D. The stockholder became an interested stockholder inadvertently and (i) as soon as practicable divested itself of ownership of sufficient shares so that the stockholder ceased to be an interested stockholder and (ii) was not, at any time within the three-year period immediately prior to a business combination between the Corporation and such stockholder, an interested stockholder but for the inadvertent acquisition of ownership.

E. For purposes of this Article X:

1.“affiliate” means a person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with, another person

2.“associate” when used to indicate a relationship with any person, means: (i) any corporation, partnership, unincorporated association or other entity of which such person is a director, officer or partner or is, directly or indirectly, the owner of twenty percent (20%) or more of any class of voting stock; (ii) any trust or other estate in which such person has at least a twenty percent (20%) beneficial interest or as to which such person serves as trustee or in a similar fiduciary capacity; and (iii) any relative or spouse of such person, or any relative of such spouse, who has the same residence as such person.

3.“business combination,” when used in reference to the Corporation and any interested stockholder of the Corporation, means (a) any merger or consolidation of the Corporation or any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of the Corporation (A) with the interested stockholder, or (B) with any other corporation, partnership, unincorporated association or other entity if the merger or consolidation is caused by the interested stockholder and as a result of such merger or consolidation, Article X is not applicable to the surviving entity, (b) any sale, lease, exchange, mortgage, pledge, transfer or other disposition (in one transaction or a series of transactions), except proportionately as a stockholder of the Corporation, to or with the interested stockholder, whether as part of a dissolution or otherwise, of assets of the Corporation or of any direct or indirect majority- owned subsidiary of the Corporation which assets have an aggregate market value equal to 10% or more of either the aggregate market value of all the assets of the Corporation determined on a consolidated basis or the aggregate market value of all the outstanding stock of the Corporation; (c) any transaction that results in the issuance or transfer by the Corporation or by any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of the Corporation of any stock of the Corporation or of such subsidiary to the interested stockholder, except: (A) pursuant to the exercise, exchange or conversion of securities exercisable for, exchangeable for or convertible into stock of the Corporation or any such subsidiary which securities were outstanding prior to the time that the interested stockholder became such; (B) pursuant to a merger under Section 251(g) of the DGCL; (C) pursuant to a dividend or distribution paid or made, or the exercise, exchange or conversion of securities exercisable for, exchangeable for or convertible into stock of the Corporation or any such subsidiary which security is distributed, pro rata to all holders of a class or series of stock of the Corporation subsequent to the time the interested stockholder became such; (D) pursuant to an exchange offer by the Corporation to purchase stock made on the same terms to all holders of said stock; or (E) any issuance or transfer of stock by the Corporation; provided, however, that in no case under items (C)-(E) of this subsection (c) shall there be an increase in the interested stockholder’s proportionate share of the stock of any class or series of the Corporation or of the voting stock of the Corporation (except as a result of immaterial changes due to fractional share adjustments), (d) any transaction involving the Corporation or any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of the Corporation that has the effect, directly or indirectly, of increasing the proportionate share of the stock of any class or series, or securities convertible into the stock of any class or series, of the Corporation or of any such subsidiary that is owned by the interested stockholder, except as a result of immaterial changes due to fractional share adjustments or as a result of any purchase or redemption of any shares of stock not caused, directly or indirectly, by the interested stockholder, and (e) any receipt by the interested stockholder of the benefit, directly or indirectly (except proportionately as a stockholder of the Corporation), of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges, or other financial benefits (other than those expressly permitted in subsections (a)-(d) above) provided by or through the Corporation or any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary.
6


4.“control,” including the terms “controlling,” “controlled by” and “under common control with” means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a person, whether through the ownership of voting stock, by contract, or otherwise. A person who is the owner of twenty percent (20%) or more of the outstanding voting stock of any corporation, partnership, unincorporated association or other entity shall be presumed to have control of such entity, in the absence of proof by a preponderance of the evidence to the contrary. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a presumption of control shall not apply where such person holds voting stock, in good faith and not for the purpose of circumventing this Article X, as an agent, bank, broker, nominee, custodian or trustee for one or more owners who do not individually or as a group (as such term is used in Rule 13d-5 promulgated under the Exchange Act as such rule is in effect as of the date of this Certificate of Incorporation) have control of such entity.

5.“interested stockholder” means any person (other than the Corporation or any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of the Corporation) that (i) is the owner of fifteen percent (15%) or more of the outstanding voting stock of the Corporation, or (ii) is an affiliate or associate of the Corporation and was the owner of fifteen percent (15%) or more of the outstanding voting stock of the Corporation at any time within the three (3) year period immediately prior to the date on which it is sought to be determined whether such person is an interested stockholder, and the affiliates and associates of such person; provided, however, that the term “interested stockholder” shall in no case include or be deemed to include (1) the Principal Holders or the Principal Holder Direct Transferees, or (2) any person whose ownership of share in excess of the fifteen percent (15%) limitation set forth herein is the result of any action taken solely by the Corporation; provided, that such person specified in this clause (2) shall be an interested stockholder if thereafter such person acquires additional shares of voting stock of the Corporation, except as a result of further corporate action not caused, directly or indirectly, by such person. For the purpose of determining whether a person is an interested stockholder, the voting stock of the Corporation deemed to be outstanding shall include voting stock deemed to be owned by the person through application of the definition of “owner” below but shall not include any other unissued stock of the Corporation which may be issuable pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding, or upon exercise of conversion rights, warrants or options, or otherwise.

6.“owner,” including the terms “own” and “owned,” when used with respect to any stock, means a person that individually or with or through any of its affiliates or associates: (i) beneficially owns such stock, directly or indirectly; (ii) has (A) the right to acquire such stock (whether such right is exercisable immediately or only after the passage of time) pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding, or upon the exercise of conversion rights, exchange rights, warrants, options, or otherwise; provided, however, that a person shall not be deemed the owner of stock tendered pursuant to a tender or exchange offer made by such person or any of such person’s affiliates or associates until such tendered stock is accepted for purchase or exchange; or (B) the right to vote such stock pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding; provided, however, that a person shall not be deemed the owner of any stock because of such person’s right to vote such stock if the agreement, arrangement or understanding to vote such stock arises solely from a revocable proxy or consent given in response to a proxy or consent solicitation made to ten (10) or more persons; or (iii) has any agreement, arrangement or understanding for the purpose of acquiring, holding, voting (except voting pursuant to a revocable proxy or consent as described in item (B) of subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph), or disposing of such stock with any other person that beneficially owns, or whose affiliates or associates beneficially own, directly or indirectly, such stock.

7.“person” means any individual, corporation, partnership, unincorporated association or other entity.

8.“Principal Holder Direct Transferee” means any person that acquires (other than in a registered public offering), directly from one or more of the Principal Holders, beneficial ownership of fifteen percent (15%) or more of the then-outstanding voting stock of the Corporation.

9.“Principal Holders” means (i) Longview Capital SVH LLC, a Washington limited liability company, (ii) 28th Street Ventures, LLC, a Georgia limited liability company, and (iii) Tiga Investments Pte. Ltd., a Singapore private limited company, and, in each case, their respective affiliates; provided, however, that the term “Principal Holders” shall not include the Corporation or any of the Corporation’s direct or indirect subsidiaries.
7


10.“stock” means, with respect to any corporation, capital stock and, with respect to any other entity, any equity interest.

11.“voting stock” means stock of any class or series entitled to vote generally in the election of directors and, with respect to any entity that is not a corporation, any equity interest entitled to vote generally in the election of the governing body of such entity. Every reference to a percentage of voting stock in this Article X shall refer to such percentage or other proportion of votes of such voting stock.

ARTICLE XI

MISCELLANEOUS

A. The Corporation reserves the right to amend, alter, change or repeal any provision contained in this Certificate of Incorporation, in the manner now or hereafter prescribed by statute, except as provided in paragraph B. of this Article XI, and all rights conferred upon the stockholders herein are granted subject to this reservation.

B.  Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Certificate of Incorporation or any provision of applicable law which might otherwise permit a lesser vote or no vote, but in addition to any affirmative vote of the holders of any particular class or series of the capital stock of the Corporation required by law or by this Certificate of Incorporation or any Preferred Stock Designation, the affirmative vote of the holders of at least sixty-six and two-thirds percent (66 2∕3%) of the voting power of all of the then outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote thereon, voting together as a single class, shall be required to alter, amend or repeal Articles V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X and XI.

C. If any provision or provisions of this Certificate of Incorporation shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable as applied to any circumstance for any reason whatsoever (i) the validity, legality and enforceability of such provision in any other circumstance and of the remaining provisions of this Certificate of Incorporation (including, without limitation, each portion of any paragraph of this Certificate of Incorporation containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable that is not itself held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, in any way be affected or impaired thereby and (ii) to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the provisions of this Certificate of Incorporation (including, without limitation, each such portion of any paragraph of this Certificate of Incorporation containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to permit the Corporation to protect its directors, officers, employees and agents from personal liability in respect of their good faith service to or for the benefit of the Corporation to the fullest extent permitted by law.

D. The name and address of the incorporator is as follows:

William Shafton
750 N San Vicente Blvd.
Hollywood, CA 90069
8


I, the undersigned, for the purpose of forming a corporation under the laws of the State of Delaware do make, file and record this Certificate of Incorporation, and, accordingly, have hereto set my hand this 18th day of November, 2022.

 
By:
 
   
William Shafton
   
Incorporator

9

Exhibit 3.2

BYLAWS

OF

GRINDR INC.

(A DELAWARE CORPORATION)

November 18, 2022



ARTICLE I

OFFICES

Section 1. Registered Office. The registered office of Grindr Inc. (the “Corporation”) shall be at such place in the State of Delaware as shall be designated by the board of directors of the Corporation (the “Board of Directors”).

Section 2. Other Offices. The Corporation may also have and maintain an office or principal place of business at such place as may be fixed by the Board of Directors, and may also have offices at such other places, both within and without the State of Delaware, as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine or the business of the Corporation may require.

ARTICLE II

CORPORATE SEAL

Section 3. Corporate Seal. The Board of Directors may adopt a corporate seal. If adopted, the corporate seal shall consist of a die bearing the name of the Corporation and the inscription, “Corporate Seal-Delaware.” Said seal may be used by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or reproduced or otherwise.

ARTICLE III

STOCKHOLDERS’ MEETINGS

Section 4. Place of Meetings. Meetings of the stockholders of the Corporation may be held at such place, either within or without the State of Delaware, as may be determined from time to time by the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may, in its sole discretion, determine that the meeting shall not be held at any place, but may instead be held solely by means of remote communication as provided under the Delaware General Corporation Law (the “DGCL”).
1


Section 5. Annual Meetings.

(a) The annual meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation, for the purpose of election of directors and for such other business as may properly come before it, shall be held on such date and at such time as may be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may postpone, reschedule or cancel any annual meeting of stockholders previously scheduled by the Board of Directors. Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors of the Corporation and the proposal of business to be considered by the stockholders may be made at an annual meeting of stockholders: (i) pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting of stockholders (with respect to business other than nominations); (ii) brought specifically by or at the direction of the Board of Directors; or (iii) by any stockholder of the Corporation who was a stockholder of record at the time of giving the stockholder’s notice provided for in Section 5(b) of these bylaws (these “Bylaws”), who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who complied with the notice procedures set forth in Section 5 of these Bylaws. For the avoidance of doubt, clause (iii) above shall be the exclusive means for a stockholder to make nominations and submit other business (other than matters properly included in the Corporation’s notice of meeting of stockholders and proxy statement under Rule 14a-8 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (the “1934 Act”)) before an annual meeting of stockholders. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, unless otherwise required by law, if a stockholder seeking to bring business, including director nominations, before an annual meeting pursuant to clause (iii) of this Section 5 (a) (or a qualified representative, of the stockholder) does not appear at the meeting to present the proposed business, such proposed business shall not be transacted, notwithstanding that such proposal is set forth in the notice of meeting and notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such proposed business may have been received by the Corporation. For purposes of this Section 5, to be considered a “qualified representative” of the stockholder, a person must be authorized by a written instrument executed by such stockholder or an electronic transmission delivered by such stockholder to act for such stockholder as proxy at the meeting of stockholders and such person must produce such written instrument or electronic transmission, or a reliable reproduction of the written instrument or electronic transmission, prior to or at the meeting of stockholders.

(b) At an annual meeting of the stockholders, only such business shall be conducted as is a proper matter for stockholder action under Delaware law and as shall have been properly brought before the meeting in accordance with the procedures below. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in these Bylaws, unless otherwise required by applicable law, if any stockholder (i) provides notice pursuant to Rule 14a-19(b) promulgated under the 1934 Act with respect to any proposed nominee, and (ii) subsequently fails to comply with the requirements of Rule 14a-19 promulgated under the 1934 Act (or fails to timely provide reasonable evidence sufficient to satisfy the Corporation that such stockholder has met the requirements of Rule 14a-19(a)(3) promulgated under the 1934 Act in accordance with the following sentence), then the nomination of each such proposed nominee shall be disregarded, notwithstanding that such nomination is set forth in the notice of meeting or other proxy materials and notwithstanding that proxies or votes in respect of the election of such proposed nominees may have been received by the Corporation (which proxies and votes shall be disregarded). If any stockholder provides notice pursuant to Rule 14a-19(b) promulgated under the 1934 Act, such stockholder shall deliver to the Corporation, no later than five business days prior to the applicable meeting, reasonable evidence that it has met the requirements of Rule 14a-19(a)(3) promulgated under the 1934 Act.
2


(i)  For nominations for the election or re-election to the Board of Directors to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder pursuant to clause (iii) of Section 5(a) of these Bylaws, the stockholder must deliver written notice to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation on a timely basis as set forth in Section 5(b)(iii) of these Bylaws and must update and supplement such written notice on a timely basis as set forth in Section 5(c) of these Bylaws. Such stockholder’s notice shall set forth: (A) as to each nominee such stockholder proposes to nominate at the meeting: (1) the name, age, business address and residence address of such nominee, (2) the principal occupation or employment of such nominee (present and for the past five years), (3) the class or series and number of shares of each class or series of capital stock of the Corporation which are owned of record and beneficially by such nominee, (4) the date or dates on which such shares were acquired and the investment intent of such acquisition, (5) a description of all direct and indirect compensation and other material monetary agreements, arrangements and understandings (whether written or oral) during the past three years, and any other material relationships, between or among (x) the stockholder, the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination is being made and the respective affiliates and associates of, or others acting in concert with, such stockholder and such beneficial owner, on the one hand, and (y) each proposed nominee, and their respective affiliates and associates, on the other hand, including all information that would be required to be disclosed pursuant to Item 404 of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”) if the stockholder making the nomination and any beneficial owner on whose behalf the nomination is made or any affiliate or associate thereof were the “registrant” for purposes of such Item and the proposed nominee were a director or executive officer of such registrant and (6) such other information concerning such nominee as would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement soliciting proxies for the election of such nominee as a director in an election contest (even if an election contest is not involved), or that is otherwise required to be disclosed pursuant to Section 14 of the 1934 Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (including such person’s written consent to being named as a nominee and to serving as a director if elected); and (B) the information required by Section 5(b)(iv) of these Bylaws. The Corporation may require any proposed nominee to furnish such other information as it may reasonably require to determine the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as an independent director (as such term is used in any applicable stock exchange listing requirements or applicable law) of the Corporation or on any committee or sub-committee of the Board of Directors under any applicable stock exchange listing requirements or applicable law or that could be material to a reasonable stockholder’s understanding of the independence, or lack thereof, of such proposed nominee.

(ii)  Other than proposals sought to be included in the Corporation’s proxy materials pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the 1934 Act, for business other than nominations for the election to the Board of Directors to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder pursuant to clause (iii) of Section 5(a) of these Bylaws, the stockholder must deliver written notice to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation on a timely basis as set forth in Section 5(b)(iii) of these Bylaws, and must update and supplement such written notice on a timely basis as set forth in Section 5(c) of these Bylaws. Such stockholder’s notice shall set forth: (A) as to each matter such stockholder proposes to bring before the meeting, a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the meeting, the reasons for conducting such business at the meeting, and any material interest (including any anticipated benefit of such business to any Proponent (as defined below) other than solely as a result of its ownership of the Corporation’s capital stock, that is material to any Proponent individually, or to the Proponents in the aggregate) in such business of any Proponent; and (B) the information required by Section 5(b)(iv) of these Bylaws.
3


(iii)    To be timely, the written notice required by Section 5(b)(i) or 5(b)(ii) of these Bylaws must be received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than the close of business on the ninetieth (90th) day nor earlier than the close of business on the one hundred twentieth (120th) day prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting; provided, however, that, subject to the last sentence of this Section 5(b)(iii) of these Bylaws and the following sentence, in the event that no annual meeting was held during the preceding year or the date of the annual meeting is advanced more than thirty (30) days prior to or delayed by more than thirty (30) days after the anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so received not earlier than the close of business on the one hundred twentieth (120th) day prior to such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the ninetieth (90th) day prior to such annual meeting or the closing of business on the tenth (10th) day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made. For purposes of the first annual meeting of stockholders following the adoption of these Bylaws, the date of the preceding year’s annual meeting shall be deemed to be June 1 of the preceding calendar year. In no event shall an adjournment or a postponement of an annual meeting for which notice has been given, or the public announcement thereof has been made, commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above. The number of nominees a stockholder may nominate for election at the annual meeting (or in the case of one or more stockholders giving the notice on behalf of a beneficial owner, the number of nominees such stockholders may collectively nominate for election at the annual meeting on behalf of such beneficial owner) shall not exceed the number of directors to be elected at such annual meeting.

(iv)   The written notice required by Section 5(b)(i) or 5(b)(ii) shall also set forth, as of the date of the notice and as to the stockholder giving the notice and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination or proposal is made (each, a “Proponent” and collectively, the “Proponents”): (A) the name and address of each Proponent, as they appear on the Corporation’s books; (B) the class, series and number of shares of the Corporation that are owned, beneficially and of record by each Proponent; (C) a description of any agreement, arrangement or understanding (whether oral or in writing) with respect to such nomination or proposal between or among any Proponent and any of its affiliates or associates, and any others (including their names) acting in concert, or otherwise under the agreement, arrangement or understanding, with any of the foregoing; (D) a representation that the Proponents are holders of record or beneficial owners, as the case may be, of shares of the Corporation entitled to vote at the meeting and intend to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to nominate the person or persons specified in the notice (with respect to a notice under Section 5(b)(i)) of these Bylaws or to propose the business that is specified in the notice (with respect to a notice under Section 5(b)(ii) of these Bylaws); (E) a representation as to whether the Proponents (1) regarding nominations, intend to solicit proxies from the required number of the Corporation’s voting shares in support of any proposed nominee in accordance with and as required by Rule 14a-19 promulgated under the 1934 Act, or (2) regarding other business, intend to deliver or make available a proxy statement and/or form of proxy to holders of a sufficient number of holders of the Corporation’s voting shares to carry such proposal; (F) to the extent known by any Proponent, the name and address of any other stockholder supporting the proposal on the date of such stockholder’s notice; and (G) a description of all Derivative Transactions (as defined below) by each Proponent during the previous twelve (12) month period, including the date of the transactions and the class, series and number of securities involved in, and the material economic terms of, such Derivative Transactions.
4


(c) In addition to the requirements set forth elsewhere in these Bylaws, each proposed nominee or a person on such proposed nominee’s behalf must deliver (in accordance with the time periods for delivery of timely notice under this Section 5), to the Secretary of the Corporation at the principal executive offices of the Corporation a completed and signed questionnaire with respect to the background and qualification of such proposed nominee and the background of any Proponent (which questionnaire shall be provided by the Secretary upon written request) and a written representation and agreement (in the form provided by the Secretary upon written request) that such proposed nominee (i) is not and will not become a party to (x) any agreement, arrangement or understanding with, and has not given any commitment or assurance to, any person or entity as to how such proposed nominee, if elected as a director of the Corporation, will act or vote on any issue or question (a “Voting Commitment”) that has not been disclosed to the Corporation or (y) any Voting Commitment that could limit or interfere with such proposed nominee’s fiduciary duties under applicable law, (ii) is not and will not become a party to any agreement, arrangement or understanding with any person or entity other than the Corporation with respect to any direct or indirect compensation, reimbursement or indemnification in connection with service or action as a director that has not been disclosed to the Corporation, and (iii) would be in compliance, if elected as a director of the Corporation, and will comply with, all applicable publicly disclosed corporate governance, code of conduct and ethics, conflict of interest, confidentiality, corporate opportunities, trading and any other policies and guidelines of the Corporation applicable to directors.

(d) A stockholder providing written notice required by Section 5(b)(i) or (ii) of these Bylaws shall update and supplement such notice in writing, if necessary, so that the information provided or required to be provided in such notice is true and correct in all material respects as of (i) the record date for the meeting and (ii) the date that is five (5) Business Days prior to the meeting and, in the event of any adjournment or postponement thereof, five (5) Business Days prior to such adjourned or postponed meeting. In the case of an update and supplement pursuant to clause (i) of this Section 5(c) of these Bylaws, such update and supplement shall be received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than five (5) Business Days after the record date for the meeting. In the case of an update and supplement pursuant to clause (ii) of this Section 5(c) of these Bylaws, such update and supplement shall be received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than two (2) Business Days prior to the date for the meeting, and, in the event of any adjournment or postponement thereof, two (2) Business Days prior to such adjourned or postponed meeting.

(e) A person shall not be eligible for election or re-election as a director unless the person is nominated in accordance with either clause (ii) or (iii) of Section 5(a) of these Bylaws. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in these Bylaws, unless otherwise required by applicable law, if any stockholder (i) provides notice pursuant to Rule 14a-19(b) promulgated under the Exchange Act with respect to any proposed nominee and (ii) subsequently fails to comply with the requirements of Rule 14a-19 promulgated under the Exchange Act (or fails to timely provide reasonable evidence sufficient to satisfy the Corporation that such stockholder has met the requirements of Rule 14a-19(a)(3) promulgated under the Exchange Act in accordance with the following sentence), then the nomination of each such proposed nominee shall be disregarded, notwithstanding that proxies or votes in respect of the election of such proposed nominees may have been received by the Corporation (which proxies and votes shall be disregarded). If any stockholder provides notice pursuant to Rule 14a-19(b) promulgated under the Exchange Act, such stockholder shall deliver to the Corporation, no later than five business days prior to the applicable meeting, reasonable evidence that it has met the requirements of Rule 14a-19(a)(3) promulgated under the Exchange Act. Except as otherwise required by law, the chairperson of the meeting shall have the power and duty to determine whether a nomination or any business proposed to be brought before the meeting was made, or proposed, as the case may be, in accordance with the procedures set forth in these Bylaws and, if any proposed nomination or business is not in compliance with these Bylaws, or the Proponent does not act in accordance with the representations in Sections 5(b)(iv)(D) and 5(b)(iv)(E) of these Bylaws, to declare that such proposal or nomination shall not be presented for stockholder action at the meeting and shall be disregarded, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such nominations or such business may have been solicited or received.
5


(f)  Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 5 of these Bylaws, a stockholder must also comply with all applicable requirements of the 1934 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder; provided, however, to the fullest extent not prohibited by applicable law, that any references in these Bylaws to the 1934 Act or the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder are not intended to and shall not limit the requirements applicable to proposals and/or nominations to be considered pursuant to Section 5(a). Notwithstanding anything in Section 5 to the contrary, in the event that the number of directors to be elected to the Board of Directors of the Corporation at the annual meeting is increased effective after the time period for which nominations would otherwise be due under Section 5(b)(iii) and there is no public announcement by the Corporation naming the nominees for the additional directorships at least 100 days prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting, a stockholder’s notice required by this Section 5 shall also be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for the additional directorships, if it shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than the close of business on the 10th day following the day on which such public announcement is first made by the Corporation.

(g) For purposes of Sections 5 and 6,

(i)  “affiliates” and “associates” shall have the meanings set forth in Rule 405 under the 1933 Act.

(ii)  “Business Day” means any day other than Saturday, Sunday or a day on which banks are closed in Los Angeles, California.

(iii)  “Derivative Transaction” means any agreement, arrangement, interest or understanding entered into by, or on behalf or for the benefit of, any Proponent or any of its affiliates or associates, whether record or beneficial:

(w)  the value of which is derived in whole or in part from the value of any class or series of shares or other securities of the Corporation,

(x)   which otherwise provides any direct or indirect opportunity to gain or share in any gain derived from a change in the value of securities of the Corporation,

(y)   the effect or intent of which is to mitigate loss, manage risk or benefit of security value or price changes, or

(z)   which provides the right to vote or increase or decrease the voting power of, such Proponent, or any of its affiliates or associates, with respect to any securities of the Corporation, which agreement, arrangement, interest or understanding may include, without limitation, any option, warrant, debt position, note, bond, convertible security, swap, stock appreciation right, short position, profit interest, hedge, right to dividends, voting agreement, performance-related fee or arrangement to borrow or lend shares (whether or not subject to payment, settlement, exercise or conversion in any such class or series), and any proportionate interest of such Proponent in the securities of the Corporation held by any general or limited partnership, or any limited liability company, of which such Proponent is, directly or indirectly, a general partner or managing member.

(iv)  “public announcement” shall mean disclosure in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Service, Associated Press, Business Wire, GlobeNewswire or comparable national news service or in a document publicly filed by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 13, 14 or 15(d) of the 1934 Act or by such other means reasonably designed to inform the public or security holders in general of such information including, without limitation, posting on the Corporation’s investor relations website.
6


Section 6. Special Meetings.

(a) Special meetings of the stockholders of the Corporation may only be called, for any purpose as is a proper matter for stockholder action under Delaware law, by (i) the Chairperson of the Board of Directors, (ii) any Chief Executive Officer or the President if the Chairperson of the Board of Directors is unavailable, or (iii) the Board of Directors pursuant to a resolution adopted by the Board of Directors.

(b) For a special meeting called pursuant to Section 6(a), the person(s) calling the meeting shall determine the time and place, if any, of the meeting; provided, however, that only the Board of Directors or a duly authorized committee thereof may authorize a meeting solely by means of remote communication. Upon determination of the time and place, if any, of the meeting, the Secretary shall cause a notice of meeting to be given to the stockholders entitled to vote, in accordance with the provisions of Section 7 of these Bylaws. No business may be transacted at such special meeting otherwise than specified in the notice of meeting. The Chairperson of the Board of Directors, any Chief Executive Officer or the Board of Directors may postpone, reschedule or cancel any special meeting of stockholders previously called by any of them.

(c) Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors may be made at a special meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected (i) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or a duly authorized committee thereof or (ii) by any stockholder of the Corporation who is a stockholder of record at the time of giving notice provided for in this paragraph, who shall be entitled to vote at the meeting and who delivers written notice to the Secretary setting forth the information required by Section 5(b)(i) of these Bylaws. In the event the Corporation calls a special meeting of stockholders for the purpose of electing one or more directors to the Board of Directors, any such stockholder of record may nominate a person or persons (as the case may be), for election to such position(s) as specified in the Corporation’s notice of meeting, if written notice setting forth the information required by Section 5(b)(i) of these Bylaws shall be received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than the close of business on the later of the ninetieth (90th) day prior to such meeting or the tenth (10th) day following the day on which public announcement is first made of the date of the special meeting and of the nominees proposed by the Board of Directors to be elected at such meeting. The stockholder shall also update and supplement such information as required under Section 5(c) of these Bylaws. In no event shall an adjournment or a postponement of a special meeting for which notice has been given, or the public announcement thereof has been made, commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above.

(d) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 6 of these Bylaws, a stockholder must also comply with all applicable requirements of the 1934 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to matters set forth in this Section 6 of these Bylaws. Nothing in these Bylaws shall be deemed to affect any rights of stockholders to request inclusion of proposals in the Corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the 1934 Act; provided, however, that any references in these Bylaws to the 1934 Act or the rules and regulations thereunder are not intended to and shall not limit the requirements applicable to nominations for the election to the Board of Directors to be considered pursuant to Section 6(c) of these Bylaws.

Section 7. Notice of Meetings. Except as otherwise provided herein or required by law, notice, given in writing or by electronic transmission, of each meeting of stockholders shall be given not less than ten (10) nor more than sixty (60) days before the date of the meeting to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting as of the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting, such notice to specify the place, if any, date and hour, in the case of special meetings, the purpose or purposes of the meeting, and the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at any such meeting.
7


Section 8. Quorum. At all meetings of stockholders, except where otherwise provided by statute or by the Certificate of Incorporation, or by these Bylaws, the presence, in person, by remote communication, if applicable, or by proxy duly authorized, of the holders of a majority of the voting power of the outstanding shares of stock entitled to vote shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. In the absence of a quorum, any meeting of stockholders may be adjourned, from time to time, either by the chairperson of the meeting or by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power of the shares represented thereat, but no other business shall be transacted at such meeting. The stockholders present at a duly called or convened meeting, at which a quorum is present, may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough stockholders to leave less than a quorum. Except as otherwise required by statute, applicable stock exchange rules, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, in all matters other than the election of directors, the affirmative vote of the majority of the voting power of the shares present in person, by remote communication, if applicable, or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote generally on the subject matter shall be the act of the stockholders. Except as otherwise required by statute or by applicable stock exchange rules or by the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, directors shall be elected by a plurality of the votes of the voting power of the shares present in person, by remote communication, if applicable, or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote generally on the election of directors. Where a separate vote by a class or classes or series is required, except where otherwise required by statute, applicable stock exchange rules or by the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, a majority of the voting power of the outstanding shares of such class or classes or series, present in person, by remote communication, if applicable, or represented by proxy duly authorized, shall constitute a quorum entitled to take action with respect to that vote on that matter. Except where otherwise required by statute, applicable stock exchange rules or by the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, the affirmative vote of the majority (plurality, in the case of the election of directors) of the voting power of the shares of such class or classes or series present in person, by remote communication, if applicable, or represented by proxy at the meeting shall be the act of such class or classes or series.

Section 9. Adjournment and Notice of Adjourned Meetings. Any meeting of stockholders, whether annual or special, may be adjourned from time to time either by the person(s) who called the meeting, the chairperson of the meeting or by the affirmative vote of a majority of the voting power of the shares present in person, by remote communication, if applicable, or represented by proxy at the meeting. When a meeting is adjourned to another time or place, if any (including an adjournment taken to address a technical failure to convene or continue a meeting using remote communication), notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the time and place, if any, thereof, and the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxyholders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such adjourned meeting are (i) announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken, (ii) displayed, during the time scheduled for the meeting, on the same electronic network used to enable stockholders and proxy holders to participate in the meeting by means of remote communication or (iii) set forth in the notice of meeting given in accordance with Section 7 of this Article III; provided, however, that if the date of any adjourned meeting is more than thirty (30) days after the date for which the meeting was originally noticed, notice of the place, if any, date, and time of the adjourned meeting and the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxyholders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such adjourned meeting, shall be given to each stockholder in conformity herewith. If after the adjournment a new record date for determination of stockholders entitled to vote is fixed for the adjourned meeting, the Board of Directors shall fix a new record date for notice of such adjourned meeting, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors and, except as otherwise required by law, shall not be more than sixty (60) nor less than ten (10) days before the date of such adjourned meeting, and shall give notice of the adjourned meeting to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at such adjourned meeting as of the record date fixed for note of such adjourned meeting. At any adjourned meeting, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the original meeting.
8


Section 10. Voting Rights. For the purpose of determining those stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting of the stockholders, except as otherwise required by law, only persons in whose names shares stand on the stock records of the Corporation on the record date, as provided in Section 12 of these Bylaws, shall be entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders. Every person entitled to vote shall have the right to do so either in person, by remote communication, if applicable, or by proxy. No proxy shall be voted after three (3) years from its date of creation unless the proxy provides for a longer period. A proxy shall be irrevocable if it states that it is irrevocable and if, and only as long as, it is coupled with an interest sufficient in law to support an irrevocable power. A stockholder may revoke any proxy which is not irrevocable by attending the meeting and voting in person or by delivering to the Secretary of the Corporation a revocation of the proxy or a new proxy bearing a later date. Voting at meetings of stockholders need not be by written ballot.

Section 11. Joint Owners of Stock. If shares or other securities having voting power stand of record in the names of two (2) or more persons, whether fiduciaries, members of a partnership, joint tenants, tenants in common, tenants by the entirety or otherwise, or if two (2) or more persons have the same fiduciary relationship respecting the same shares, unless the Secretary is given written notice to the contrary and is furnished with a copy of the instrument or order appointing them or creating the relationship wherein it is so provided, their acts with respect to voting shall have the following effect: (a) if only one (1) votes, that person’s act binds all; (b) if more than one (1) vote, the act of the majority so voting binds all; (c) if more than one (1) vote, but the vote is evenly split on any particular matter, each faction may vote the securities in question proportionally, or any person voting the shares, or a beneficiary, if any, may apply to the Delaware Court of Chancery for relief as provided in the DGCL, Section 217(b). If the instrument filed with the Secretary shows that any such tenancy is held in unequal interests, a majority or even-split for the purpose of subsection (c) shall be a majority or even-split in interest.

Section 12. List of Stockholders. The Corporation shall prepare, no later than the tenth (10th) day before each meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at said meeting; provided, however, if the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote is less than ten (10) days before the meeting date, the list shall reflect the stockholders entitled to vote as of the tenth (10th) day before the meeting date, arranged in alphabetical order and showing the address of each stockholder and the number and class of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting for a period of ten (10) days ending on the day before the meeting date, (a) on a reasonably accessible electronic network, provided that the information required to gain access to such list is provided with the notice of the meeting, or (b) during ordinary business hours, at the principal place of business of the Corporation. In the event that the Corporation determines to make the list available on an electronic network, the Corporation may take reasonable steps to ensure that such information is available only to stockholders of the Corporation. Except as otherwise provided by law, the stock ledger shall be the only evidence as to who are the stockholders entitled to examine the list of stockholders as required by this Section 12 or to vote in person or by proxy at any meeting of stockholders

Section 13. No Action by Written Consent. Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock, any action required or permitted to be taken by the stockholders of the Corporation must be effected at a duly held meeting of stockholders of the Corporation at which a quorum is present or represented, and may not be effected by any consent in writing or by electronic transmission by such stockholders.

Section 14. Organization.

(a) At every meeting of stockholders, the Chairperson of the Board of Directors, or, if a Chairperson has not been appointed, is absent or refuses to act, the Chief Executive Officer, or, if no Chief Executive Officer is then serving, is absent or refuses to act, the President, or, if the President is absent or refuses to act, a chairperson of the meeting designated by the Board of Directors, or, if the Board of Directors does not designate such chairperson, a chairperson chosen by a majority of the voting power of the stockholders entitled to vote, present in person or by proxy duly authorized, shall act as chairperson. The Chairperson of the Board may appoint the Chief Executive Officer as chairperson of the meeting. The Secretary, or, in the Secretary’s absence, an Assistant Secretary directed to do so by the chairperson of the meeting, shall act as secretary of the meeting.
9


(b) The Board of Directors of the Corporation shall be entitled to make such rules or regulations for the conduct of meetings of stockholders as it shall deem necessary, appropriate or convenient. Subject to such rules and regulations of the Board of Directors, if any, the chairperson of the meeting shall have the right and authority to prescribe such rules, regulations and procedures and to do all such acts as, in the judgment of such chairperson, are necessary, appropriate or convenient for the proper conduct of the meeting, including, without limitation, (i) establishing an agenda or order of business for the meeting, (ii) rules and procedures for maintaining order at the meeting and the safety of those present (including, without limitation, rules and procedures for removal of disruptive persons from the meeting), (iii) limitations on attendance at or participation in such meeting to stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, their duly authorized and constituted proxies or such other persons as the chairperson shall permit, (iv) restrictions on entry to the meeting after the time fixed for the commencement thereof, (v) limitations on the time allotted to questions or comments by participants and (vi) regulation of the opening and closing of the polls for balloting on matters which are to be voted on by ballot. The date and time of the opening and closing of the polls for each matter upon which the stockholders will vote at the meeting shall be announced at the meeting. Unless and to the extent determined by the Board of Directors or the chairperson of the meeting, meetings of stockholders shall not be required to be held in accordance with rules of parliamentary procedure.

ARTICLE IV

DIRECTORS

Section 15. Number and Term of Office. The authorized number of directors of the Corporation shall be fixed in accordance with the Certificate of Incorporation. Directors need not be stockholders unless so required by the Certificate of Incorporation. Each director shall serve until their successor is duly elected and qualified or until their earlier death, resignation or removal. No decrease in the number of directors constituting the Board of Directors shall shorten the term of any incumbent director.

Section 16. Powers. The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors, except as may be otherwise provided by statute or by the Certificate of Incorporation.

Section 17. Vacancies. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, and subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock then outstanding or as otherwise provided by applicable law, any vacancies on the Board of Directors resulting from death, resignation, disqualification, removal or other causes and any newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the number of directors shall, unless the Board of Directors determines by resolution that any such vacancies or newly created directorships shall be filled by stockholders, be filled only by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors then in office, even though less than a quorum of the Board of Directors, and not by the stockholders. Any director elected in accordance with the preceding sentence shall hold office for the remainder of the full term of the director for which the vacancy was created or occurred and until such director’s successor shall have been elected and qualified. A vacancy in the Board of Directors shall be deemed to exist under this Bylaw in the case of the death, removal, resignation, disqualification, removal or other causes of any director.

Section 18. Resignation. Any director may resign at any time by delivering their notice in writing or by electronic transmission to the Secretary, such resignation to specify whether it will be effective at a particular time. If no such specification is made, the resignation shall be deemed effective at the time of delivery to the Secretary. When one or more directors shall resign from the Board of Directors, effective at a future date, a majority of the directors then in office, including those who have so resigned, shall have power to fill such vacancy or vacancies, the vote thereon to take effect when such resignation or resignations shall become effective, and each director so chosen shall hold office for the unexpired portion of the term of the director whose place shall be vacated and until their successor shall have been duly elected and qualified.

Section 19. Removal. Subject to any limitations imposed by applicable law and subject to the rights of holders of any series of Preferred Stock then outstanding unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, any individual director or directors may be removed only in the manner specified in the Certificate of Incorporation, except as otherwise required by law.
10


Section 20. Meetings.

(a) Regular Meetings. Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of Incorporation, regular meetings of the Board of Directors may be held at any time or date and at any place, if any, within or without the State of Delaware which has been designated by the Board of Directors and publicized among all directors, either orally or in writing, by telephone, including a voice-messaging system or other system designed to record and communicate messages, courier, mail, facsimile, or by electronic mail or other electronic means. No further notice shall be required for regular meetings of the Board of Directors.

(b) Special Meetings. Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of Incorporation, special meetings of the Board of Directors may be held at any time and place within or without the State of Delaware whenever called by the Chairperson of the Board of Directors, any Chief Executive Officer or a majority of the authorized number of directors.

(c) Meetings by Electronic Communications Equipment. Any member of the Board of Directors, or of any committee thereof, may participate in a meeting by means of conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation in a meeting by such means shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.

(d) Notice of Special Meetings. Notice of the time and place of all special meetings of the Board of Directors shall be orally or in writing, by telephone, including a voice messaging system or other system or technology designed to record and communicate messages, courier, mail, facsimile, or by electronic mail or other electronic means, during normal business hours, at least twenty-four (24) hours before the date and time of the meeting. If notice is sent by U.S. mail, it shall be sent by first class mail, charges prepaid, at least three (3) days before the date of the meeting.

Section 21. Quorum and Voting.

(a) Unless the Certificate of Incorporation requires a greater number, and except with respect to questions related to indemnification arising under Section 46 of these Bylaws for which a quorum shall be one-third of the exact number of directors fixed from time to time, a quorum of the Board of Directors shall consist of a majority of the exact number of directors fixed from time to time by the Board of Directors in accordance with the Certificate of Incorporation; provided, however, at any meeting whether a quorum be present or otherwise, a majority of the directors present may adjourn from time to time until the time fixed for the next regular meeting of the Board of Directors, without notice other than by announcement at the meeting, to the fullest extent permitted by law.

(b) At each meeting of the Board of Directors at which a quorum is present, all questions and business shall be determined by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors present, unless a different vote be required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws.

Section 22. Action Without Meeting. Unless otherwise restricted by the of Incorporation or these Bylaws, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting, if all members of the Board of Directors or committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission. The consent or consents shall be filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors or committee.

Section 23. Fees and Compensation. Directors shall be entitled to such compensation for their services as may be approved by the Board of Directors or a committee thereof to which the Board of Directors has delegated such responsibility and authority, including, if so approved, by resolution of the Board of Directors or a committee thereof to which the Board of Directors has delegated such responsibility and authority, a fixed sum and expenses of attendance, if any, for attendance at each regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors and at any meeting of a committee of the Board of Directors. Nothing herein contained shall be construed to preclude any director from serving the Corporation in any other capacity as an officer, agent, employee, or otherwise and receiving compensation therefor.
11


Section 24. Committees.

(a) Executive Committee. The Board of Directors may appoint an Executive Committee to consist of one (1) or more members of the Board of Directors. The Executive Committee, to the extent permitted by law and provided in the resolution of the Board of Directors shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation, and may authorize the seal of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers which may require it; but no such committee shall have the power or authority in reference to (i) approving or adopting, or recommending to the stockholders, any action or matter (other than the election or removal of directors) expressly required by the DGCL to be submitted to stockholders for approval, or (ii) adopting, amending or repealing any Bylaw of the Corporation.

(b) Other Committees. The Board of Directors may, from time to time, appoint such other committees as may be permitted by law. Such other committees appointed by the Board of Directors shall consist of one (1) or more members of the Board of Directors and shall have such powers and perform such duties as may be prescribed by the resolution or resolutions creating such committees, but in no event shall any such committee have the power or authority in reference to (i) approving or adopting, or recommending to the stockholders, any action or matter (other than the election or removal of directors) expressly required by the DGCL to be submitted to stockholders for approval, or (ii) adopting, amending or repealing any Bylaw of the Corporation.

(c) Term. The Board of Directors, subject to any requirements of any outstanding series of Preferred Stock and the provisions of subsections (a) or (b) of this Section 25 of these Bylaws, may at any time increase or decrease the number of members of a committee or terminate the existence of a committee. The membership of a committee member shall terminate on the date of their death or voluntary resignation from the committee or resignation or removal from the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may at any time for any reason remove any individual committee member and the Board of Directors may fill any committee vacancy created by death, resignation, removal or increase in the number of members of the committee. The Board of Directors may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee, and, in addition, in the absence or disqualification of any member of a committee, the member or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not they constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board of Directors to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member.

(d) Meetings. Unless the Board of Directors shall otherwise provide, regular meetings of the Executive Committee or any other committee appointed pursuant to this Section 25 of these Bylaws shall be held at such times and places, if any, as are determined by the Board of Directors, or by any such committee, and when notice thereof has been given to each member of such committee, no further notice of such regular meetings need be given thereafter. Special meetings of any such committee may be held at any place, if any, which has been determined from time to time by such committee, and may be called by any director who is a member of such committee, upon notice to the members of such committee of the time and place, if any, of such special meeting given in the manner provided for the giving of notice to members of the Board of Directors of the time and place of special meetings of the Board of Directors. Notice of any regular or special meeting of any committee may be waived in writing or by electronic transmission at any time before or after the meeting and will be waived by any director by attendance thereat, except when the director attends such regular or special meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Unless otherwise provided by the Board of Directors in the resolutions authorizing the creation of the committee, a majority of the authorized number of members of any such committee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, and the affirmative vote of a majority of those present at any meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of such committee.

Section 25. Duties of Chairperson of the Board of Directors. The Chairperson of the Board of Directors, if appointed and when present, shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders and the Board of Directors. The Chairperson of the Board of Directors shall perform other duties commonly incident to the office and shall also perform such other duties and have such other powers, as the Board of Directors shall designate from time to time.
12


Section 26. Lead Independent Director. The Chairperson of the Board of Directors, or if the Chairperson is not an independent director, one of the independent directors, may be designated by the Board of Directors as lead independent director to serve until replaced by the Board of Directors (“Lead Independent Director”). The Lead Independent Director will: serve as chairperson of the Board of Directors meetings in the absence of the Chairperson of the Board of Directors; establish the agenda for meetings of the independent directors; coordinate with the committee chairs regarding meeting agenda and informational requirements; preside over meetings of the independent directors; preside over any portions of meetings of the Board of Directors at which the evaluation or compensation of any Chief Executive Officer is presented or discussed; preside over any portions of meetings of the Board of Directors at which the performance of the Board of Directors is presented or discussed; and coordinate the activities of the other independent directors and perform such other duties as may be established or delegated by the Chairperson of the Board of Directors.

Section 27. Organization. At every meeting of the directors, the Chairperson of the Board of Directors, or, if a Chairperson has not been appointed or is absent, the Lead Independent Director, or if the Lead Independent Director has not been appointed or is absent, any Chief Executive Officer (if a director), or, if a Chief Executive Officer is absent, the President (if a director), or if the President is absent, the most senior Vice President (if a director), or, in the absence of any such person, a chairperson of the meeting chosen by a majority of the directors present, shall preside over the meeting. The Secretary, or in the Secretary’s absence, any Assistant Secretary or other officer or director or other person directed to do so by the person presiding over the meeting, shall act as secretary of the meeting.

ARTICLE V

OFFICERS

Section 28. Officers Designated. The officers of the Corporation shall include, if and when designated by the Board of Directors, one or more Chief Executive Officers, the President, one or more Vice Presidents, the Secretary, the Chief Financial Officer and the Treasurer. The Board of Directors may also appoint one or more Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers and such other officers and agents with such powers and duties as it shall deem necessary. The Board of Directors may assign such additional titles to one or more of the officers as it shall deem appropriate. Any one person may hold any number of offices of the Corporation at any one time unless specifically prohibited therefrom by law. The salaries and other compensation of the officers of the Corporation shall be fixed by or in the manner designated by the Board of Directors or a committee thereof to which the Board of Directors has delegated such responsibility.

Section 29. Tenure and Duties of Officers.

(a) General. All officers shall hold office at the pleasure of the Board of Directors and until their successors shall have been duly elected and qualified, unless sooner removed. Any officer elected or appointed by the Board of Directors may be removed at any time by the Board of Directors. If the office of any officer becomes vacant for any reason, the vacancy may be filled by the Board of Directors.

(b) Duties of Chief Executive Officer. Any Chief Executive Officer shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders (subject to Section 14 of these Bylaws) and at all meetings of the Board of Directors, unless the Chairperson of the Board of Directors or the Lead Independent Director has been appointed and is present. Unless an officer has been appointed as a Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation, the President shall be the chief executive officer of the Corporation and shall, subject to the control of the Board of Directors, have general supervision, direction and control of the business and officers of the Corporation. To the extent that one or more Chief Executive Officers have been appointed and no President has been appointed, all references in these Bylaws to the President shall be deemed references to the Chief Executive Officer. Each Chief Executive Officer shall perform other duties commonly incident to the office and shall also perform such other duties and have such other powers, as the Board of Directors shall designate from time to time.
13


(c) Duties of President. The President shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders (subject to Section 14 of these Bylaws) and at all meetings of the Board of Directors, unless the Chairperson of the Board of Directors, the Lead Independent Director or a Chief Executive Officer has been appointed and is present. Unless another officer has been appointed a Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation, the President shall be sole chief executive officer of the Corporation and shall, subject to the control of the Board of Directors, have general supervision, direction and control of the business and officers of the Corporation. The President shall perform other duties commonly incident to the office and shall also perform such other duties and have such other powers, as the Board of Directors (or the Chief Executive Officer, if the Chief Executive Officer and President are not the same person and the Board of Directors has delegated the designation of the President’s duties to the Chief Executive Officer) shall designate from time to time.

(d) Duties of Vice Presidents. The Vice Presidents may assume and perform the duties of the President in the absence or disability of the President or whenever the office of President is vacant. The Vice Presidents shall perform other duties commonly incident to their office and shall also perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors or any Chief Executive Officer, or, if a Chief Executive Officer has not been appointed or is absent, the President shall designate from time to time.

(e) Duties of Secretary. The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the stockholders and of the Board of Directors and shall record all acts and proceedings thereof in the minute book of the Corporation. The Secretary shall give notice in conformity with these Bylaws of all meetings of the stockholders and of all meetings of the Board of Directors and any committee thereof requiring notice. The Secretary shall perform all other duties provided for in these Bylaws and other duties commonly incident to the office and shall also perform such other duties and have such other powers, as the Board of Directors shall designate from time to time. Any Chief Executive Officer, or if no Chief Executive Officer is then serving, the President may direct any Assistant Secretary or other officer to assume and perform the duties of the Secretary in the absence or disability of the Secretary, and each Assistant Secretary shall perform other duties commonly incident to the office and shall also perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors or any Chief Executive Officer, or if no Chief Executive Officer is then serving, the President shall designate from time to time.

(f) Duties of Chief Financial Officer. The Chief Financial Officer shall keep or cause to be kept the books of account of the Corporation in a thorough and proper manner and shall render statements of the financial affairs of the Corporation in such form and as often as required by the Board of Directors or any Chief Executive Officer, or if no Chief Executive officer is then serving, the President. The Chief Financial Officer, subject to the order of the Board of Directors, shall have the custody of all funds and securities of the Corporation. The Chief Financial Officer shall perform other duties commonly incident to the office and shall also perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors or any Chief Executive Officer, or if no Chief Executive Officer is then serving, the President shall designate from time to time. To the extent that a Chief Financial Officer has been appointed and no Treasurer has been appointed, all references in these Bylaws to the Treasurer shall be deemed references to the Chief Financial Officer. The President may direct the Treasurer, if any, or any Assistant Treasurer, or the Controller or any Assistant Controller to assume and perform the duties of the Chief Financial Officer in the absence or disability of the Chief Financial Officer, and each Treasurer and Assistant Treasurer and each Controller and Assistant Controller shall perform other duties commonly incident to the office and shall also perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors or any Chief Executive Officer, or if no Chief Executive Officer is then serving, the President shall designate from time to time.

(g) Duties of Treasurer. Unless another officer has been appointed Chief Financial Officer of the Corporation, the Treasurer shall be any chief financial officer of the Corporation and shall keep or cause to be kept the books of account of the Corporation in a thorough and proper manner and shall render statements of the financial affairs of the Corporation in such form and as often as required by the Board of Directors or any Chief Executive Officer, or if no Chief Executive Officer is then serving, the President, and, subject to the order of the Board of Directors, shall have the custody of all funds and securities of the Corporation. The Treasurer shall perform other duties commonly incident to the office and shall also perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors or any Chief Executive Officer, or if no Chief Executive Officer is then serving, the President or the Chief Financial Officer (if not Treasurer) shall designate from time to time.
14


Section 30. Delegation of Authority. The Board of Directors may from time to time delegate the powers or duties of any officer to any other officer or agent, notwithstanding any provision hereof.

Section 31. Resignations. Any officer may resign at any time by giving notice in writing or by electronic transmission to the Board of Directors or to any Chief Executive Officer, or if no Chief Executive Officer is then serving, the President or to the Secretary. Any such resignation shall be effective when received by the person or persons to whom such notice is given, unless a later time is specified therein, in which event the resignation shall become effective at such later time. Unless otherwise specified in such notice, the acceptance of any such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. Any resignation shall be without prejudice to the rights, if any, of the Corporation under any contract with the resigning officer.

Section 32. Removal. Any officer may be removed from office at any time, either with or without cause, by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors in office at the time, or by the unanimous written consent of the directors in office at the time, or by any committee or by any Chief Executive Officer or by other superior officers upon whom such power of removal may have been conferred by the Board of Directors.

ARTICLE VI

EXECUTION OF CORPORATE INSTRUMENTS AND VOTING OF SECURITIES
OWNED BY THE CORPORATION

Section 33. Execution of Corporate Instruments. The Board of Directors may, in its discretion, determine the method and designate the signatory officer or officers, or other person or persons, to execute on behalf of the Corporation any corporate instrument or document, or to sign on behalf of the Corporation the corporate name without limitation, or to enter into contracts on behalf of the Corporation, except where otherwise required by law or these Bylaws, and such execution or signature shall be binding upon the Corporation.

All checks and drafts drawn on banks or other depositaries on funds to the credit of the Corporation or in special accounts of the Corporation shall be signed by such person or persons as the Board of Directors shall authorize so to do.

Unless authorized or ratified by the Board of Directors or within the agency power of an officer, no officer, agent or employee shall have any power or authority to bind the Corporation by any contract or engagement or to pledge its credit or to render it liable for any purpose or for any amount.

Section 34. Voting of Securities Owned By the Corporation. All stock and other securities of other entities owned or held by the Corporation for itself, or for other parties in any capacity, shall be voted, and all proxies with respect thereto shall be executed, by the person authorized so to do by resolution of the Board of Directors, or, in the absence of such authorization, by the Chairperson of the Board of Directors, any Chief Executive Officer, the President, or any Vice President.

ARTICLE VII

SHARES OF STOCK

Section 35. Form and Execution of Certificates. The shares of the Corporation shall be represented by certificates, or shall be uncertificated if so provided by resolution or resolutions of the Board of Directors. Certificates for the shares of stock, if any, shall be in such form as is consistent with the Certificate of Incorporation and applicable law. Every holder of stock in the Corporation represented by certificate shall be entitled to have a certificate signed by or in the name of the Corporation by any two authorized officers of the Corporation, including but not limited to, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Financial Officer, any Vice President, the Treasurer or Assistant Treasurer or the Secretary or Assistant Secretary, certifying the number of shares owned by them in the Corporation. Any or all of the signatures on the certificate may be facsimiles. In case any officer, transfer agent, or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent, or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued with the same effect as if they were such officer, transfer agent, or registrar at the date of issue.
15


Section 36. Lost Certificates. A new certificate or certificates shall be issued in place of any certificate or certificates theretofore issued by the Corporation alleged to have been lost, stolen, or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming the certificate of stock to be lost, stolen, or destroyed. The Corporation may require, as a condition precedent to the issuance of a new certificate or certificates, the owner of such lost, stolen, or destroyed certificate or certificates, or the owner’s legal representative, to agree to indemnify the Corporation in such manner as it shall require or to give the Corporation a surety bond in such form and amount as it may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against the Corporation with respect to the certificate alleged to have been lost, stolen, or destroyed.

Section 37. Transfers.

(a) Transfers of record of shares of stock of the Corporation shall be made only upon its books by the holders thereof, in person or by attorney duly authorized, and, in the case of stock represented by certificate, upon the surrender of a properly endorsed certificate or certificates for a like number of shares.

(b) The Corporation shall have power to enter into and perform any agreement with any number of stockholders of any one or more classes of stock of the Corporation to restrict the transfer of shares of stock of the Corporation of any one or more classes owned by such stockholders in any manner not prohibited by the DGCL.

Section 38. Fixing Record Dates.

(a) In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors, and which record date shall, subject to applicable law, not be more than sixty (60) nor less than ten (10) days before the date of such meeting. If the Board of Directors so fixes a date, such date shall also be the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting unless the Board of Directors determines, at the time it fixes such record date, that a later date on or before the date of the meeting shall be the date for making such determination. If no record date is fixed by the Board of Directors, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for determination of stockholders entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting and in such case shall also fix as the record date for stockholders entitled to notice of such adjourned meeting the same or an earlier date as that fixed for determination of stockholders entitled to vote in accordance with herewith at the adjourned meeting.

(b) In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights or the stockholders entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted, and which record date shall be not more than sixty (60) days prior to such action. If no record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders for any such purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution relating thereto.

Section 39. Registered Stockholders. The Corporation shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a person registered on its books as the owner of shares to receive dividends, and to vote as such owner, and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or shares on the part of any other person whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the laws of Delaware.
16


ARTICLE VIII

OTHER SECURITIES OF THE CORPORATION

Section 40. Execution of Other Securities. All bonds, debentures and other corporate securities of the Corporation, other than stock certificates (covered in Section 36 of these Bylaws), may be signed by any executive officer (as defined in Article XII) or such other person as may be authorized by the Board of Directors, and if such securities require it, the corporate seal may be impressed thereon or a facsimile of such seal may be imprinted thereon and attested by the signature of the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, or the Chief Financial Officer or Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer; provided, however, that where any such bond, debenture or other corporate security shall be authenticated by the manual signature, or where permissible facsimile signature, of a trustee under an indenture pursuant to which such bond, debenture or other corporate security shall be issued, the signatures of the persons signing and attesting the corporate seal on such bond, debenture or other corporate security may be the imprinted facsimile of the signatures of such persons. Interest coupons appertaining to any such bond, debenture or other corporate security, authenticated by a trustee as aforesaid, shall be signed by the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer of the Corporation or such other person as may be authorized by the Board of Directors, or bear imprinted thereon the facsimile signature of such person. In case any officer who shall have signed or attested any bond, debenture or other corporate security, or whose facsimile signature shall appear thereon or on any such interest coupon, shall have ceased to be such officer before the bond, debenture or other corporate security so signed or attested shall have been delivered, such bond, debenture or other corporate security nevertheless may be adopted by the Corporation and issued and delivered as though the person who signed the same or whose facsimile signature shall have been used thereon had not ceased to be such officer of the Corporation.

ARTICLE IX

DIVIDENDS

Section 41. Declaration of Dividends. Dividends upon the capital stock of the Corporation, subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation and applicable law, if any, may be declared by the Board of Directors. Dividends may be paid in cash, in property, or in shares of the capital stock, subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation and applicable law.

Section 42. Dividend Reserve. Before payment of any dividend, there may be set aside out of any funds of the Corporation available for dividends such sum or sums as the Board of Directors from time to time, in its absolute discretion, think proper as a reserve or reserves to meet contingencies, or for equalizing dividends, or for repairing or maintaining any property of the Corporation, or for such other purpose as the Board of Directors shall think conducive to the interests of the Corporation, and the Board of Directors may modify or abolish any such reserve in the manner in which it was created.

ARTICLE X

FISCAL YEAR

Section 43. Fiscal Year. The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be fixed by resolution of the Board of Directors.
17


ARTICLE XI

USER DATA RESTRICTION

Section 44. User Data Restriction. Except as otherwise required by applicable law, the Corporation shall not share with directors or stockholders, and none among the directors and stockholders of the Corporation shall use, access, or attempt to use or access, Protected Data (as that term is defined in the Charter of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee), provided that, if a director or stockholder is also an employee, third-party consultant or employee of a vendor to the Corporation, and requires access to Protected Data, on a need-to-know basis to perform their job responsibilities to the Corporation, consistent with the Corporation protocols and principles regarding data protection, the Corporation may provide access to Protected Data to the director or stockholder as relevant to the specified scope of employment or contracted services (the “Protected Data Access Prohibition”). Any changes to the Protected Data Access Prohibition shall be approved by the unanimous written consent of the directors in office at the time.

ARTICLE XII

INDEMNIFICATION

Section 45. Indemnification of Directors, Executive Officers, Other Officers, Employees and Other Agents.

(a) Directors and Executive Officers. The Corporation shall indemnify its directors and executive officers, and the directors and executive officers of its subsidiaries (for the purposes of this Article XII, “executive officers” shall have the meaning defined in Rule 3b-7 promulgated under the 1934 Act) to the extent not prohibited by the DGCL or any other applicable law; provided, however, that the Corporation may modify the extent of such indemnification by individual contracts with its directors and executive officers; and, provided, further, that the Corporation shall not be required to indemnify any director or executive officer in connection with any proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person unless (i) such indemnification is expressly required to be made by applicable law, (ii) the proceeding was authorized by the Board of Directors of the Corporation, (iii) such indemnification is provided by the Corporation, in its sole discretion, pursuant to the powers vested in the Corporation under the DGCL or any other applicable law or (iv) such indemnification is required to be made under subsection (d) of this Section 46.

(b) Other Officers, Employees and Other Agents. The Corporation shall have power to indemnify (including the power to advance expenses in a manner consistent with subsection (c) of this section 46) its other officers, employees and other agents as set forth in the DGCL or any other applicable law. The Board of Directors shall have the power to delegate the determination of whether indemnification shall be given to any such person except to such officers or other persons as the Board of Directors shall determine.
18


(c) Expenses. The Corporation shall advance to any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director or executive officer, of the Corporation or its subsidiaries, prior to the final disposition of the proceeding, promptly following request therefor, all expenses incurred by any director or executive officer in connection with such proceeding provided, however, that if the DGCL requires, an advancement of expenses incurred by a director or executive officer in their capacity as a director or executive officer (and not in any other capacity in which service was or is rendered by such indemnitee, including, without limitation, service to an employee benefit plan) shall be made only upon delivery to the Corporation of an undertaking (hereinafter an “undertaking”), by or on behalf of such indemnitee, to repay all amounts so advanced if it shall ultimately be determined by final judicial decision from which there is no further right to appeal (hereinafter a “final adjudication”) that such indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified for such expenses under this section or otherwise. Notwithstanding the foregoing, unless otherwise determined pursuant to paragraph (e) of this section, no advance shall be made by the Corporation to an executive officer of the Corporation (except by reason of the fact that such executive officer is or was a director of the Corporation in which event this paragraph shall not apply) or to an officer of one of the Corporation’s subsidiaries in any action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, if a determination is reasonably and promptly made (i) by a majority vote of directors who were not parties to the proceeding, even if not a quorum, or (ii) by a committee of such directors designated by a majority vote of such directors, even though less than a quorum, or (iii) if there are no such directors, or such directors so direct, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion, that the facts known to the decision-making party at the time such determination is made demonstrate clearly and convincingly that such person acted in bad faith or in a manner that such person did not believe to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation.

(d) Enforcement. Without the necessity of entering into an express contract, all rights to indemnification and advances to directors and executive officers under this Bylaw shall be deemed to be contractual rights, and shall be effective to the same extent and as if provided for in a contract between the Corporation and the director or executive officer. Any right to indemnification or advances granted by this section to a director or executive officer shall be enforceable by or on behalf of the person holding such right in any court of competent jurisdiction if (i) the claim for indemnification or advances is denied, in whole or in part, or (ii) no disposition of such claim is made within ninety (90) days of request therefor. To the fullest extent permitted by law, the claimant in such enforcement action, if successful in whole or in part, shall be entitled to be paid also the expense of prosecuting the claim. In connection with any claim for indemnification, the Corporation shall be entitled to raise as a defense to any such action that the claimant has not met the standards of conduct that make it permissible under the DGCL or any other applicable law for the Corporation to indemnify the claimant for the amount claimed. In connection with any claim by an executive officer of the Corporation (except in any proceeding, by reason of the fact that such executive officer is or was a director of the Corporation) for advances, the Corporation shall be entitled to raise a defense as to any such action clear and convincing evidence that such person acted in bad faith or in a manner that such person did not believe to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, or with respect to any criminal action or proceeding that such person acted without reasonable cause to believe that their conduct was lawful. Neither the failure of the Corporation (including its Board of Directors, independent legal counsel or its stockholders) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of such action that indemnification of the claimant is proper in the circumstances because the person has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in the DGCL or any other applicable law, nor an actual determination by the Corporation (including its Board of Directors, independent legal counsel or its stockholders) that the claimant has not met such applicable standard of conduct, shall be a defense to the action or create a presumption that claimant has not met the applicable standard of conduct. In any suit brought by a director or executive officer to enforce a right to indemnification or to an advancement of expenses hereunder, the burden of proving that the director or executive officer is not entitled to be indemnified, or to such advancement of expenses, under this section or otherwise shall be on the Corporation.

(e) Non-Exclusivity of Rights. The rights conferred on any person by this Bylaw shall not be exclusive of any other right which such person may have or hereafter acquire under any applicable statute, provision of the Certificate of Incorporation, these Bylaws, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, both as to action in the person’s official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding office. The Corporation is specifically authorized to enter into individual contracts with any or all of its directors, officers, employees or agents respecting indemnification and advances, to the fullest extent not prohibited by the DGCL, or by any other applicable law.
19


(f) Survival of Rights. The rights conferred on any person by this Bylaw shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director, executive officer, officer, employee or other agent and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such a person.

(g) Insurance. To the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL or any other applicable law, the Corporation, upon approval by the Board of Directors, may purchase insurance and maintain on behalf of any person required or permitted to be indemnified pursuant to this section.

(h) Amendments. Any repeal or modification of this section shall only be prospective (except to the extent such amendment or change in law permits the Corporation to provide broader indemnification rights on a retroactive basis than permitted prior thereto) and shall not affect the rights under this Bylaw in effect at the time of the alleged occurrence of any action or omission to act that is the cause of any proceeding against any agent of the Corporation.

(i) Saving Clause. If this Bylaw or any portion hereof shall be invalidated on any ground by any court of competent jurisdiction, then the Corporation shall nevertheless indemnify each director and executive officer to the full extent not prohibited by any applicable portion of this section that shall not have been invalidated, or by any other applicable law. If this section shall be invalid due to the application of the indemnification provisions of another jurisdiction, then the Corporation shall indemnify each director and executive officer to the full extent under any other applicable law.

(j) Certain Definitions. For the purposes of this Bylaw, the following definitions shall apply:

(i)   The term “proceeding” shall be broadly construed and shall include, without limitation, the investigation, preparation, prosecution, defense, settlement, arbitration and appeal of, and the giving of testimony in, any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative.

(ii)   The term “expenses” shall be broadly construed and shall include, without limitation, court costs, attorneys’ fees, witness fees, fines, amounts paid in settlement or judgment and any other costs and expenses of any nature or kind incurred in connection with any proceeding.

(iii)  The term the “Corporation” shall include, in addition to the resulting Corporation, any constituent Corporation (including any constituent of a constituent) absorbed in a consolidation or merger which, if its separate existence had continued, would have had power and authority to indemnify its directors, officers, and employees or agents, so that any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of such constituent Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of such constituent Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another Corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, shall stand in the same position under the provisions of this section with respect to the resulting or surviving Corporation as they would have with respect to such constituent Corporation if its separate existence had continued.

(iv)   References to a “director,” “executive officer,” “officer,” “employee,” or “agent” of the Corporation shall include, without limitation, situations where such person is serving at the request of the Corporation as, respectively, a director, executive officer, officer, employee, trustee or agent of another Corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise.

(v)    References to “other enterprises” shall include employee benefit plans; references to “fines” shall include any excise taxes assessed on a person with respect to an employee benefit plan; and references to “serving at the request of the Corporation” shall include any service as a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation which imposes duties on, or involves services by, such director, officer, employee, or agent with respect to an employee benefit plan, its participants, or beneficiaries; and a person who acted in good faith and in a manner they reasonably believed to be in the interest of the participants and beneficiaries of an employee benefit plan shall be deemed to have acted in a manner “not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation” as referred to in this section.
20


ARTICLE XIII

NOTICES

Section 46. Notices.

(a) Notice to Stockholders. Without limiting the manner by which notice otherwise may be given effectively to stockholders, any notice to stockholders given by the Corporation under any provision of the DGCL, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws may be given in writing directed to the stockholder’s mailing address (or by electronic transmission directed to the stockholder’s electronic mail address, as applicable) as it appears on the records of the Corporation. Notice shall be given (i) if mailed, when deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, (ii) if delivered by courier service, the earlier of when the notice is received or left at the stockholder’s address, or (iii) if given by electronic mail, when directed to such stockholder’s electronic mail address (unless the stockholder has notified the Corporation in writing or by electronic transmission of an objection to receiving notice by electronic mail or such notice is prohibited by the DGCL to be given by electronic transmission). A notice by electronic mail must include a prominent legend that the communication is an important notice regarding the Corporation. A notice by electronic mail will include any files attached thereto and any information hyperlinked to a website if such electronic mail includes the contact information of an officer or agent of the Corporation who is available to assist with accessing such files or information. Any notice to stockholders given by the Corporation under any provision of the DGCL, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws provided by means of electronic transmission (other than any such notice given by electronic mail) may only be given in a form consented to by such stockholder, and any such notice by such means of electronic transmission shall be deemed to be given as provided by the DGCL. The terms “electronic mail,” “electronic mail address,” “electronic signature” and “electronic transmission” as used herein shall have the meanings ascribed thereto in the DGCL.

(b) Notice to Directors. Unless otherwise provided in these Bylaws, any notice required to be given to any director may be given by mail, electronic mail, courier service or facsimile. Such notice, other than one which is delivered personally, shall be sent to such address as such director shall have filed in writing with the Secretary, or, in the absence of such filing, to the last known post office address of such director.

(c) Affidavit of Mailing. An affidavit of mailing, executed by a duly authorized and competent employee of the Corporation or its transfer agent appointed with respect to the class of stock affected, or other agent, specifying the name and address or the names and addresses of the stockholder or stockholders, or director or directors, to whom any such notice or notices was or were given, and the time and method of giving the same, shall in the absence of fraud, be prima facie evidence of the facts therein contained.

(d) Methods of Notice. It shall not be necessary that the same method of giving notice be employed in respect of all recipients of notice, but one permissible method may be employed in respect of any one or more, and any other permissible method or methods may be employed in respect of any other or others.

(e) Notice to Person With Whom Communication is Unlawful. Whenever notice is required to be given, under any provision of law or of the Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws of the Corporation, to any person with whom communication is unlawful, the giving of such notice to such person shall not be required and there shall be no duty to apply to any governmental authority or agency for a license or permit to give such notice to such person. Any action or meeting which shall be taken or held without notice to any such person with whom communication is unlawful shall have the same force and effect as if such notice had been duly given. In the event that the action taken by the Corporation is such as to require the filing of a certificate under any provision of the DGCL, the certificate shall state, if such is the fact and if notice is required, that notice was given to all persons entitled to receive notice except such persons with whom communication is unlawful.
21


(f) Notice to Stockholders Sharing an Address. Except as otherwise prohibited under the DGCL, any notice given under the provisions of the DGCL, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws shall be effective if given by a single written notice to stockholders who share an address if consented to by the stockholders at that address to whom such notice is given. Such consent shall have been deemed to have been given if such stockholder fails to object in writing to the Corporation within sixty (60) days of having been given notice by the Corporation of its intention to send the single notice. Any consent shall be revocable by the stockholder by written notice to the Corporation. Notice shall be deemed to have been given to all stockholders of record who share an address if notice is given in accordance with the “householding” rules set forth in Rule 14a-3(e) under the 1934 Act and Section 233 of the DGCL.

(g)  Waiver of Notice of Meetings of Stockholders, Directors and Committees. Any waiver of notice, given by the person entitled to notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Attendance of a person at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at nor the purpose of any regular or special meeting of the stockholders, directors, or members of a committee of the Board of Directors need be specified in a waiver of notice.

ARTICLE XIV

AMENDMENTS

Section 47. Amendments. Subject to the limitations set forth in Section 45(h) of these Bylaws or the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation, the Board of Directors is expressly empowered to adopt, amend or repeal these Bylaws of the Corporation. The stockholders also shall have power to adopt, amend or repeal these Bylaws of the Corporation; provided, however, that, in addition to any vote of the holders of any class or series of stock of the Corporation required by law or by the Certificate of Incorporation, such action by stockholders shall require the affirmative vote of the holders of at least sixty-six and two-thirds percent (66 2∕3%) of the voting power of all of the then-outstanding shares of the capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote thereon.

ARTICLE XV

LOANS TO OFFICERS

Section 48. Loans to Officers. Except as otherwise prohibited by applicable law, the Corporation may lend money to, or guarantee any obligation of, or otherwise assist any officer or other employee of the Corporation or of its subsidiaries, including any officer or employee who is a director of the Corporation or its subsidiaries, whenever, in the judgment of the Board of Directors, such loan, guarantee or assistance may reasonably be expected to benefit the Corporation. The loan, guarantee or other assistance may be with or without interest and may be unsecured, or secured in such manner as the Board of Directors shall approve, including, without limitation, a pledge of shares of stock of the Corporation. Nothing in these Bylaws shall be deemed to deny, limit or restrict the powers of guaranty or warranty of the Corporation at common law or under any statute.


22

Exhibit 4.2

Specimen Warrant Certificate
[FACE]

Number

Warrants
THIS WARRANT SHALL BE VOID IF NOT EXERCISED PRIOR TO
THE EXPIRATION OF THE EXERCISE PERIOD PROVIDED
FOR IN THE WARRANT AGREEMENT DESCRIBED BELOW
GRINDR INC.
Incorporated Under the Laws of the State of Delaware

CUSIP 39854F119

Warrant Certificate

This Warrant Certificate certifies that, [●] or registered assigns, is the registered holder of warrant(s) evidenced hereby (the “Warrants” and each, a “Warrant”) to purchase shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value (the “Common Stock”), of Grindr Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”).  Each Warrant entitles the holder, upon exercise during the period set forth in the Warrant Agreement referred to below, to receive from the Company that number of fully paid and non-assessable shares of Common Stock as set forth below, at the exercise price (the “Exercise Price”) as determined pursuant to the Warrant Agreement, payable in lawful money (or through “cashless exercise” as provided for in the Warrant Agreement) of the United States of America upon surrender of this Warrant Certificate and payment of the Exercise Price at the office or agency of the Warrant Agent referred to below, subject to the conditions set forth herein and in the Warrant Agreement.  Defined terms used in this Warrant Certificate but not defined herein shall have the meanings given to them in the Warrant Agreement.

Each whole Warrant is initially exercisable for one fully paid and non-assessable share of Common Stock.  No fractional shares will be issued upon exercise of any Warrant.  If, upon the exercise of Warrants, a holder would be entitled to receive a fractional interest in a share of Common Stock, the Company will, upon exercise, round down to the nearest whole number the number of shares of Common Stock to be issued to the Warrant holder.  The number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events as set forth in the Warrant Agreement.

The initial Exercise Price per one share of Common Stock for any Warrant is equal to $11.50 per share.  The Exercise Price is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events as set forth in the Warrant Agreement.

Subject to the conditions set forth in the Warrant Agreement, the Warrants may be exercised only during the Exercise Period and to the extent not exercised by the end of such Exercise Period, such Warrants shall become void.  The Warrants may be redeemed, subject to certain conditions, as set forth in the Warrant Agreement.

Reference is hereby made to the further provisions of this Warrant Certificate set forth on the reverse hereof and such further provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect as though fully set forth at this place.

This Warrant Certificate shall not be valid unless countersigned by the Warrant Agent, as such term is used in the Warrant Agreement.



This Warrant Certificate shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard to conflicts of laws principles thereof.


 
GRINDR INC.
     
 
By:
 
   
Name:
   
Title: Authorized Signatory


 
CONTINENTAL STOCK TRANSFER & TRUST COMPANY,
as Warrant Agent By:
     
 
By:
 
   
Name:
   
Title:



[Form of Warrant Certificate]
[Reverse]

The Warrants evidenced by this Warrant Certificate are part of a duly authorized issue of Warrants entitling the holder on exercise to receive shares of Common Stock and are issued or to be issued pursuant to a Warrant Agreement dated as of November 23, 2020 and amended on November 17, 2022 (the “Warrant Agreement”), duly executed and delivered by the Company to Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, a New York corporation, as warrant agent (the “Warrant Agent”), which Warrant Agreement is hereby incorporated by reference in and made a part of this instrument and is hereby referred to for a description of the rights, limitation of rights, obligations, duties and immunities thereunder of the Warrant Agent, the Company and the holders (the words “holders” or “holder” meaning the Registered Holders or Registered Holder, respectively) of the Warrants.  A copy of the Warrant Agreement may be obtained by the holder hereof upon written request to the Company.  Defined terms used in this Warrant Certificate but not defined herein shall have the meanings given to them in the Warrant Agreement.

Warrants may be exercised at any time during the Exercise Period set forth in the Warrant Agreement.  The holder of Warrants evidenced by this Warrant Certificate may exercise them by surrendering this Warrant Certificate, with the form of Election to Purchase set forth hereon properly completed and executed, together with payment of the Exercise Price as specified in the Warrant Agreement (or through “cashless exercise” as provided for in the Warrant Agreement) at the principal corporate trust office of the Warrant Agent.  In the event that upon any exercise of Warrants evidenced hereby the number of Warrants exercised shall be less than the total number of Warrants evidenced hereby, there shall be issued to the holder hereof or his, her or its assignee, a new Warrant Certificate evidencing the number of Warrants not exercised.

Notwithstanding anything else in this Warrant Certificate or the Warrant Agreement, no Warrant may be exercised unless at the time of exercise (i) a registration statement covering the issuance of the shares of Common Stock to be issued upon exercise is effective under the Securities Act and (ii) a prospectus thereunder relating to the shares of Common Stock is current, except through “cashless exercise” as provided for in the Warrant Agreement.

The Warrant Agreement provides that upon the occurrence of certain events the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants set forth on the face hereof may, subject to certain conditions, be adjusted.  If, upon exercise of a Warrant, the holder thereof would be entitled to receive a fractional interest in a share of Common Stock, the Company shall, upon exercise, round down to the nearest whole number of shares of Common Stock to be issued to the holder of the Warrant.

Warrant Certificates, when surrendered at the principal corporate trust office of the Warrant Agent by the Registered Holder thereof in person or by legal representative or attorney duly authorized in writing, may be exchanged, in the manner and subject to the limitations provided in the Warrant Agreement, but without payment of any service charge, for another Warrant Certificate or Warrant Certificates of like tenor evidencing in the aggregate a like number of Warrants.

Upon due presentation for registration of transfer of this Warrant Certificate at the office of the Warrant Agent a new Warrant Certificate or Warrant Certificates of like tenor and evidencing in the aggregate a like number of Warrants shall be issued to the transferee(s) in exchange for this Warrant Certificate, subject to the limitations provided in the Warrant Agreement, without charge except for any tax or other governmental charge imposed in connection therewith.

The Company and the Warrant Agent may deem and treat the Registered Holder(s) hereof as the absolute owner(s) of this Warrant Certificate (notwithstanding any notation of ownership or other writing hereon made by anyone), for the purpose of any exercise hereof, of any distribution to the holder(s) hereof, and for all other purposes, and neither the Company nor the Warrant Agent shall be affected by any notice to the contrary.  Neither the Warrants nor this Warrant Certificate entitles any holder hereof to any rights of a shareholder of the Company.



Election to Purchase
(To Be Executed Upon Exercise of Warrant)

The undersigned hereby irrevocably elects to exercise the right, represented by this Warrant Certificate, to receive shares of Common Stock and herewith tenders payment for such shares of Common Stock to the order of Grindr Inc. (the “Company”) in the amount of $[●] in accordance with the terms hereof.  The undersigned requests that a certificate for such shares of Common Stock be registered in the name of [●], whose address is and that such shares of Common Stock be delivered to whose address is [●].  If said number of shares of Common Stock is less than all of the shares of Common Stock purchasable hereunder, the undersigned requests that a new Warrant Certificate representing the remaining balance of such shares of Common Stock be registered in the name of [●], whose address is and that such Warrant Certificate be delivered to [●], whose address is [●].

In the event that the Warrant has been called for redemption by the Company pursuant to Section 6.1.2 of the Warrant Agreement and a holder thereof elects to exercise its Warrant pursuant to a Make-Whole Exercise, the number of shares of Common Stock that this Warrant is exercisable for shall be determined in accordance with subsection 3.3.1(b) or Section 6.1.2 of the Warrant Agreement, as applicable.

In the event that the Warrant is a Private Placement Warrant that is to be exercised on a “cashless” basis pursuant to subsection 3.3.1(b) of the Warrant Agreement, the number of shares of Common Stock that this Warrant is exercisable for shall be determined in accordance with subsection 3.3.1(b) of the Warrant Agreement.

In the event that the Warrant is to be exercised on a “cashless” basis pursuant to Section 7.4 of the Warrant Agreement, the number of shares of Common Stock that this Warrant is exercisable for shall be determined in accordance with Section 7.4 of the Warrant Agreement.

In the event that the Warrant may be exercised, to the extent allowed by the Warrant Agreement, through cashless exercise (i) the number of shares of Common Stock that this Warrant is exercisable for would be determined in accordance with the relevant section of the Warrant Agreement which allows for such cashless exercise and (ii) the holder hereof shall complete the following: The undersigned hereby irrevocably elects to exercise the right, represented by this Warrant Certificate, through the cashless exercise provisions of the Warrant Agreement, to receive shares of Common Stock.  If said number of shares is less than all of shares of Common Stock purchasable hereunder (after giving effect to the cashless exercise), the undersigned requests that a new Warrant Certificate representing the remaining balance of such shares of Common Stock be registered in the name of [●], whose address is and that such Warrant Certificate be delivered to [●], whose address is [●].

[Signature Page Follows]



Date: [●]

 
(Signature)
(Address)
   
   
 
(Tax Identification Number)


 Signature
 
   
   



THE SIGNATURE(S) SHOULD BE GUARANTEED BY AN ELIGIBLE GUARANTOR INSTITUTION (BANKS, STOCKBROKERS, SAVINGS AND LOAN ASSOCIATIONS AND CREDIT UNIONS WITH MEMBERSHIP IN AN APPROVED SIGNATURE GUARANTEE MEDALLION PROGRAM, PURSUANT TO S.E.C. RULE 17Ad-15 UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED).



Exhibit 4.3


Execution Version

 

WARRANT AGREEMENT

 

between

 

TIGA ACQUISITION CORP.

 

and

 

CONTINENTAL STOCK TRANSFER & TRUST COMPANY

 

Dated November 23, 2020

 

THIS WARRANT AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”), dated as of November 23, 2020, is entered into by and between Tiga Acquisition Corp., a Cayman Islands exempted company (the “Company”), and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, a New York corporation, as warrant agent (in such capacity, the “Warrant Agent”).

 

WHEREAS, on November 23, 2020, the Company entered into that certain Private Placement Warrants purchase agreement with Tiga Sponsor LLC (the “Sponsor”), pursuant to which the Sponsor will purchase an aggregate of 9,200,000 warrants (or 10,280,000 warrants in the aggregate if the Over-allotment Option (as defined below) in connection with the Company’s Offering (as defined below) is exercised in full) simultaneously with the closing of the Offering (and the closing of the Over-allotment Option, if applicable), and the Sponsor has an option to purchase up to 7,200,000 (or 8,280,000 if the underwriters’ over-allotment option is exercised in full) additional Private Placement Warrants in order to extend the period of time for the Company to consummate a business combination, bearing the legend set forth in Exhibit B hereto (the “Private Placement Warrants”) at a purchase price of $1.00 per Private Placement Warrant. Each Private Placement Warrant entitles the holder thereof to purchase one Class A ordinary share (as defined below) at a price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment as described herein;

 

WHEREAS, on November 23, 2020, the Company entered into that certain Second Amended and Restated Forward Purchase Agreement (the “Forward Purchase Agreement”) with the Sponsor pursuant to which the forward purchaser (being the Sponsor or certain permitted transferees (as defined in the Forward Purchase Agreement)) (the “Forward Purchaser”) will be issued Forward Purchase Warrants, bearing the legend set forth in Exhibit C hereto (the “Forward Purchase Warrants”) in a private placement transaction to occur at or prior to the time of the Company’s initial Business Combination (as defined below);

 

WHEREAS, in order to finance the Company’s transaction costs in connection with an intended initial merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, share purchase, reorganization or similar business combination, involving the Company and one or more businesses (a “Business Combination”), the Sponsor or an affiliate of our Sponsor or certain of the Company’s officers and directors may, but are not obligated to, loan the Company funds as the Company may require, of which up to $2,000,000 of such loans may be convertible into up to an additional 2,000,000 Private Placement Warrants at a price of $1.00 per Private Placement Warrant;

 

WHEREAS, the Company is engaged in an initial public offering (the “Offering”) of units of the Company’s equity securities, each such unit comprised of one Class A ordinary share (as defined below) and one-half of one Public Warrant (as defined below) (the “Units”) and, in

 



 

connection therewith, has determined to issue and deliver up to 12,000,000 redeemable warrants (including up to 1,800,000 redeemable warrants subject to the Over-allotment Option) to public investors in the Offering (the “Public Warrants” and, together with the Private Placement Warrants and the Forward Purchase Warrants, the “Warrants”). Each whole Warrant entitles the holder thereof to purchase one Class A ordinary share of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share (“Class A ordinary shares”), for $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment as described herein. Only whole Warrants are exercisable. A holder of the Public Warrants will not be able to exercise any fraction of a Warrant;

 

WHEREAS, the Company has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) a Registration Statement on Form S-1, No: 333-249853 (the “Registration Statement”) and prospectus (the “Prospectus”), for the registration, under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”) of the Units, the Public Warrants and the Class A ordinary shares included in the Units;

 

WHEREAS, the Company desires the Warrant Agent to act on behalf of the Company, and the Warrant Agent is willing to so act, in connection with the issuance, registration, transfer, exchange, redemption and exercise of the Warrants;

 

WHEREAS, the Company desires to provide for the form and provisions of the Warrants, the terms upon which they shall be issued and exercised, and the respective rights, limitation of rights, and immunities of the Company, the Warrant Agent and the holders of the Warrants; and

 

WHEREAS, all acts and things have been done and performed which are necessary to make the Warrants, when executed on behalf of the Company and countersigned by or on behalf of the Warrant Agent (if a physical certificate is issued), as provided herein, the valid, binding and legal obligations of the Company, and to authorize the execution and delivery of this Agreement.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual agreements herein contained, the parties hereto agree as follows:

 

1.             Appointment of Warrant Agent. The Company hereby appoints the Warrant Agent to act as agent for the Company for the Warrants, and the Warrant Agent hereby accepts such appointment and agrees to perform the same in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement.

 

2.             Warrants.

 

2.1           Form of Warrant. Each Warrant shall initially be (a) issued in registered form only, (b) in substantially the form of Exhibit A hereto, the provisions of which are incorporated herein and (c) signed by, or bear the facsimile signature of, the Chief Executive Officer or the President, Chief Financial Officer, or other authorized person of the Company. In the event the person whose facsimile signature has been placed upon any Warrant shall have ceased to serve in the capacity in which such person signed the Warrant before such Warrant is issued, it may be issued with the same effect as if he or she had not ceased to be such at the date of issuance.

 


2

 

2.2           Effect of Countersignature. If a physical certificate is issued, unless and until countersigned by the Warrant Agent pursuant to this Agreement, a certificated Warrant shall be invalid and of no effect and may not be exercised by the holder thereof.

 

2.3           Registration.

 

2.3.1       Warrant Register. The Warrant Agent shall maintain books (the “Warrant Register”) for the registration of the original issuance and the registration of transfers of the Warrants. Upon the initial issuance of the Warrants in book-entry form, the Warrant Agent shall issue and register the Warrants in the names of the respective holders thereof in such denominations and otherwise in accordance with instructions delivered to the Warrant Agent by the Company. Ownership of beneficial interests in the Public Warrants shall be shown on, and the transfer of such ownership shall be effected through, records maintained by institutions that have accounts with The Depository Trust Company (the “Depositary”) (such institution, with respect to a Warrant in its account, a “Participant”). If the Depositary subsequently ceases to make its book-entry settlement system available for the Public Warrants, the Company may instruct the Warrant Agent regarding making other arrangements for book-entry settlement. In the event that the Public Warrants are not eligible for, or it is no longer necessary to have the Public Warrants available in, book-entry form, the Warrant Agent shall provide written instructions to the Depositary to deliver to the Warrant Agent for cancellation each book-entry Public Warrant, and the Company shall instruct the Warrant Agent to deliver to the Depositary definitive certificates in physical form evidencing such Warrants (“Definitive Warrant Certificates”) which shall be in the form annexed hereto as Exhibit A.

 

2.3.2       Registered Holder. Prior to due presentment for registration of transfer of any Warrant, the Company and the Warrant Agent may deem and treat the person in whose name such Warrant shall be registered upon the Warrant Register (the “Registered Holder”), as the absolute owner of such Warrant and of each Warrant represented thereby (notwithstanding any notation of ownership or other writing on any physical warrant certificate made by anyone other than the Company or the Warrant Agent), for the purpose of any exercise thereof, and for all other purposes, and neither the Company nor the Warrant Agent shall be affected by any notice to the contrary.

 

2.4           Detachability of Warrants. The Class A ordinary shares and Public Warrants comprising the Units shall begin separate trading on the 52nd day following the date of the Prospectus or, if such 52nd day is not on a day, other than a Saturday, Sunday or federal holiday, on which banks in New York City are generally open for normal business (a “Business Day”), then on the immediately succeeding Business Day following such date, or earlier (the “Detachment Date”) with the consent of Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC and Goldman Sachs (Asia) L.L.C., as representatives of the several underwriters, but in no event shall the Class A ordinary shares and the Public Warrants comprising the Units be separately traded until (A) the Company has filed a Current Report on Form 8-K with the Commission containing an audited balance sheet reflecting the receipt by the Company of the gross proceeds of the Offering, including the proceeds then received by the Company from the exercise by the underwriters of their right to purchase additional Units in the Offering (the “Over-allotment Option”), if the Over-allotment Option is exercised prior to the filing of the Form 8-K, and (B)

 


3

 

the Company issues a press release and files with the Commission a current report on Form 8-K announcing when such separate trading shall begin.

 

2.5           Fractional Warrants. The Company shall not issue fractional Warrants other than as part of the Units, each of which is comprised of one Class A ordinary share and one-half of one whole Public Warrant. If, upon the detachment of Public Warrants from the Units or otherwise, a holder of Warrants would be entitled to receive a fractional Warrant, the Company shall round down to the nearest whole number the number of Warrants to be issued to such holder.

 

2.6           Private Placement Warrants; Forward Purchase Warrants.

 

2.6.1       Private Placement Warrants. The Private Placement Warrants shall be identical to the Public Warrants, except that so long as they are held by the Sponsor or any of its Permitted Transferees (as defined below) the Private Placement Warrants: (i) may be exercised for cash or on a “cashless basis,” pursuant to subsection 3.3.1(b) hereof, (ii) including the Class A ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of the Private Placement Warrants, may not be transferred, assigned or sold until thirty (30) days after the completion by the Company of an initial Business Combination, (iii) shall not be redeemable by the Company pursuant to Section 6.1.1 hereof and (iv) shall only be redeemable by the Company pursuant to Section 6.1.2 if the Reference Value (as defined below) is less than $18.00 per share (subject to adjustment in compliance with Section 4 hereof); provided, however, that in the case of clause (ii), the Private Placement Warrants and any Class A ordinary shares held by the Sponsor or any of its Permitted Transferees that are issued upon exercise of the Private Placement Warrants may be transferred by the holders thereof:

 

(a) to the Company’s officers or directors, any affiliate or family member of any of the Company’s officers or directors, any affiliate of the Sponsor or to any member of the Sponsor or any of their affiliates or shareholders;

 

(b) in the case of an individual, as a gift to such person’s immediate family or to a trust, the beneficiary of which is a member of such person’s immediate family, an affiliate of such person or to a charitable organization;

 

(c) in the case of an individual, by virtue of laws of descent and distribution upon death of such person;

 

(d) in the case of an individual, pursuant to a qualified domestic relations order;

 

(e) in the case of a trust, by distribution to one or more of the permissible beneficiaries of such trust;

 

(f) by private sales or transfers made in connection with any forward purchase agreement or similar arrangement or in connection with the consummation of a Business Combination at prices no greater than the price at which the shares or warrants were originally purchased;

 


4

 

(g) by virtue of the laws of the Cayman Islands upon termination and winding up of the Sponsor;

 

(h) in the event of the Company’s liquidation prior to the Company’s consummation of its Business Combination; or

 

(i) in the event that, subsequent to the Company’s consummation of its initial Business Combination, the Company completes a liquidation, merger, share exchange or other similar transaction which results in all of the Company’s shareholders having the right to exchange their Class A ordinary shares for cash, securities or other property; provided, however, that in the case of clauses (a) through (g) these permitted transferees must enter into a written agreement agreeing to be bound by these transfer restrictions and the other restrictions contained in the letter agreements (the “Permitted Transferees”).

 

2.6.2       Forward Purchase Warrants. The Forward Purchase Warrants shall have the same terms and be in the same form as the Public Warrants.

 

3.             Terms and Exercise of Warrants.

 

3.1           Warrant Price. Each whole Warrant shall, when countersigned by the Warrant Agent (if a physical certificate is issued), entitle the Registered Holder thereof, subject to the provisions of such Warrant and this Agreement, to purchase from the Company the number of Class A ordinary shares stated therein, at the price of $11.50 per whole share, subject to the adjustments provided in Section 4 hereof and in the last sentence of this Section 3.1. The term “Warrant Price” as used in this Agreement refers to the price per share (including in cash or by payment of Warrants pursuant to a “cashless exercise,” to the extent permitted hereunder) described in the prior sentence at which Class A ordinary shares may be purchased at the time a Warrant is exercised. The Company in its sole discretion may lower the Warrant Price at any time prior to the Expiration Date (as defined below); provided that the Company shall provide at least twenty (20) days prior written notice of such reduction to Registered Holders of the Warrants and, provided further that any such reduction shall be identical among all of the Warrants..

 

3.2           Duration of Warrants. A Warrant may be exercised only during the period (the “Exercise Period”) (A) commencing on the later of: (i) the date that is thirty (30) days after the first date on which the Company completes a Business Combination, and (ii) the date that is twelve (12) months from the date of the closing of the Offering, and (B) terminating at the earliest to occur of (x) 5:00 p.m., New York City time on the date that is five (5) years after the date on which the Company completes its initial Business Combination, (y) the liquidation of the Company in accordance with the Company’s amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, as amended from time to time, if the Company fails to complete a Business Combination, and (z) other than with respect to the Private Placement Warrants then held by the Sponsor or its Permitted Transferees with respect to a redemption pursuant to Section 6.1.1 hereof or, if the Reference Value equals or exceeds $18.00 per share (subject to adjustment in compliance with Section 4 hereof), Section 6.1.2 hereof, 5:00 p.m., New York City time on the Redemption Date (as defined below) as provided in Section 6.3 hereof (the “Expiration Date”);

 


5

 

provided, however, that the exercise of any Warrant shall be subject to the satisfaction of any applicable conditions, as set forth in subsection 3.3.2 below, with respect to an effective registration statement or a valid exemption therefrom being available. Except with respect to the right to receive the Redemption Price (as defined below) (other than with respect to a Private Placement Warrant then held by the Sponsor or its Permitted Transferees in connection with a redemption pursuant to Section 6.1.1 hereof or, if the Reference Value equals or exceeds $18.00 per share (subject to adjustment in compliance with Section 4 hereof), Section 6.1.2 hereof) in the event of a redemption (as set forth in Section 6 hereof), each Warrant (other than a Private Placement Warrant then held by the Sponsor or its Permitted Transferees in the event of a redemption pursuant to Section 6.1.1 hereof or, if the Reference Value equals or exceeds $18.00 per share (subject to adjustment in compliance with Section 4 hereof), Section 6.1.2 hereof) not exercised on or before the Expiration Date shall become void, and all rights thereunder and all rights in respect thereof under this Agreement shall cease at 5:00 p.m. New York City time on the Expiration Date. The Company in its sole discretion may extend the duration of the Warrants by delaying the Expiration Date; provided that the Company shall provide at least twenty (20) days prior written notice of any such extension to Registered Holders of the Warrants and, provided further that any such extension shall be identical in duration among all the Warrants.

 

3.3           Exercise of Warrants.

 

3.3.1       Payment. Subject to the provisions of the Warrant and this Agreement, a Warrant, when countersigned by the Warrant Agent (if a physical certificate is issued), may be exercised by the Registered Holder thereof by delivering to the Warrant Agent at its corporate trust department (i) the Definitive Warrant Certificate evidencing the Warrants to be exercised, or, in the case of a Warrant represented by a book-entry, the Warrants to be exercised (the “Book-Entry Warrants”) on the records of the Depositary to an account of the Warrant Agent at the Depositary designated for such purposes in writing by the Warrant Agent to the Depositary from time to time, (ii) an election to purchase (“Election to Purchase”) any Class A ordinary shares pursuant to the exercise of a Warrant, properly completed and executed by the Registered Holder on the reverse of the Definitive Warrant Certificate or, in the case of a Book-Entry Warrant, properly delivered by the Participant in accordance with the Depositary’s procedures, and (iii) the payment in full of the Warrant Price for each Class A ordinary share as to which the Warrant is exercised and any and all applicable taxes due in connection with the exercise of the Warrant, the exchange of the Warrant for the Class A ordinary shares and the issuance of such Class A ordinary shares, as follows:

 

(a) in lawful money of the United States, in good certified check or good bank draft payable to the order of the Warrant Agent;

 

(b) with respect to any Private Placement Warrant, so long as such Private Placement Warrant is held by the Sponsor or a Permitted Transferee, by surrendering the Warrants for that number of Class A ordinary shares equal to (i) if in connection with a redemption of Private Placement Warrants pursuant to Section 6.2 hereof, as provided in Section 6.2 hereof with respect to a Make-Whole Exercise (as defined below) and (ii) in all other scenarios the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of Class A ordinary shares underlying the Warrants, multiplied by

 


6

 

the excess of the “Historical Fair Market Value” (as defined in this subsection 3.3.1(b)) over the Warrant Price by (y) the Historical Fair Market Value. Solely for purposes of this subsection 3.3.1(b), the “Historical Fair Market Value” shall mean the average last reported sale price of the Class A ordinary shares for the ten (10) trading days ending on the third (3rd) trading day prior to the date on which notice of exercise of the Private Placement Warrant is sent to the Warrant Agent;

 

(c) on a cashless basis, as provided in Section 6.2 hereof with respect to a Make-Whole Exercise; or

 

(d) on a cashless basis, as provided in Section 7.4 hereof.

 

3.3.2       Issuance of Class A ordinary shares on Exercise. As soon as practicable after the exercise of any Warrant and the clearance of the funds in payment of the Warrant Price (if payment is pursuant to subsection 3.3.1(a)), the Company shall issue to the Registered Holder of such Warrant a book-entry position or certificate, as applicable, for the number of Class A ordinary shares to which he, she or it is entitled, registered in such name or names as may be directed by him, her or it on the register of members of the Company, and if such Warrant shall not have been exercised in full, a new book-entry position or countersigned Warrant, as applicable, for the number of shares as to which such Warrant shall not have been exercised. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not be obligated to deliver any Class A ordinary shares pursuant to the exercise of a Warrant and shall have no obligation to settle such Warrant exercise unless a registration statement under the Act with respect to the Class A ordinary shares underlying the Public Warrants is then effective and a prospectus relating thereto is current, subject to the Company’s satisfying its obligations under Section 7.4 or a valid exemption from registration is available. No Warrant shall be exercisable and the Company shall not be obligated to issue Class A ordinary shares upon exercise of a Warrant unless the Class A ordinary shares issuable upon such Warrant exercise have been registered, qualified or deemed to be exempt from registration or qualification under the securities laws of the state of residence of the Registered Holder of the Warrants. Subject to Section 4.6 of this Agreement, a Registered Holder of Warrants may exercise its Warrants only for a whole number of Class A ordinary shares. The Company may require holders of Public Warrants to settle the Warrant on a “cashless basis” pursuant to Section 7.4. If, by reason of any exercise of Warrants on a “cashless basis”, the holder of any Warrant would be entitled, upon the exercise of such Warrant, to receive a fractional interest in a Class A ordinary share, the Company shall round down to the nearest whole number, the number of Class A ordinary shares to be issued to such holder.

 

3.3.3       Valid Issuance. All Class A ordinary shares issued upon the proper exercise of a Warrant in conformity with this Agreement and the Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association of the Company shall be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.

 

3.3.4       Date of Issuance. Each person in whose name any book-entry position or certificate, as applicable for Class A ordinary shares is issued and who is registered in the register of members of the Company shall for all purposes be deemed to have become the holder of record of such Class A ordinary shares on the date on which the Warrant, or book-entry

 


7

 

position representing such Warrant, was surrendered and payment of the Warrant Price was made, irrespective of the date of delivery of such certificate, in the case of a certificated Warrant, except that, if the date of such surrender and payment is a date when the register of members of the Company or book-entry system of the Warrant Agent are closed, such person shall be deemed to have become the holder of such shares at the close of business on the next succeeding date on which the share transfer books or book-entry system are open.

 

3.3.5       Maximum Percentage. A holder of a Warrant may notify the Company in writing in the event it elects to be subject to the provisions contained in this subsection 3.3.5; however, no holder of a Warrant shall be subject to this subsection 3.3.5 unless he, she or it makes such election. If the election is made by a holder, the Warrant Agent shall not effect the exercise of the holder’s Warrant, and such holder shall not have the right to exercise such Warrant, to the extent that after giving effect to such exercise, such person (together with such person’s affiliates), to the Warrant Agent’s actual knowledge, would beneficially own in excess of 9.8% (the “Maximum Percentage”) of the Class A ordinary shares outstanding immediately after giving effect to such exercise. For purposes of the foregoing sentence, the aggregate number of Class A ordinary shares beneficially owned by such person and its affiliates shall include the number of Class A ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrant with respect to which the determination of such sentence is being made, but shall exclude Class A ordinary shares that would be issuable upon (x) exercise of the remaining, unexercised portion of the Warrant beneficially owned by such person and its affiliates and (y) exercise or conversion of the unexercised or unconverted portion of any other securities of the Company beneficially owned by such person and its affiliates (including, without limitation, any convertible notes or convertible preferred shares or warrants) subject to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the limitation contained herein. Except as set forth in the preceding sentence, for purposes of this paragraph, beneficial ownership shall be calculated in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). For purposes of the Warrant, in determining the number of outstanding Class A ordinary shares, the holder may rely on the number of outstanding Class A ordinary shares as reflected in (1) the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, Current Report on Form 8-K or other public filing with the Commission as the case may be, (2) a more recent public announcement by the Company or (3) any other notice by the Company or Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as transfer agent (in such capacity, the “Transfer Agent”), setting forth the number of Class A ordinary shares outstanding. For any reason at any time, upon the written request of the holder of the Warrant, the Company shall, within two (2) Business Days, confirm orally and in writing to such holder the number of Class A ordinary shares then outstanding. In any case, the number of issued and outstanding Class A ordinary shares shall be determined after giving effect to the conversion or exercise of equity securities of the Company by the holder and its affiliates since the date as of which such number of issued and outstanding Class A ordinary shares was reported. By written notice to the Company, the holder of a Warrant may from time to time increase or decrease the Maximum Percentage applicable to such holder to any other percentage specified in such notice; provided, however, that any such increase shall not be effective until the sixty-first (61st) day after such notice is delivered to the Company.

 


8

 

4.             Adjustments.

 

4.1           Share Capitalizations

 

4.1.1       Sub-divisions. If, after the date hereof, and subject to the provisions of Section 4.7 below, the number of issued and outstanding Class A ordinary shares is increased by a capitalization or share dividend payable in Class A ordinary shares, or by a sub-division of Class A ordinary shares, or other similar event, then, on the effective date of such share capitalization, share dividend, sub-division or similar event, the number of Class A ordinary shares issuable on exercise of each Warrant shall be increased in proportion to such increase in the issued and outstanding Class A ordinary shares. A rights offering to holders of Class A ordinary shares entitling holders to purchase Class A ordinary shares at a price less than the “Historical Fair Market Value” (as defined below) shall be deemed a capitalization of a number of Class A ordinary shares equal to the product of (i) the number of Class A ordinary shares actually sold in such rights offering (or issuable under any other equity securities sold in such rights offering that are convertible into or exercisable for the Class A ordinary shares) multiplied by (ii) one (1) minus the quotient of (x) the price per Class A ordinary share paid in such rights offering divided by (y) the Historical Fair Market Value. For purposes of this subsection 4.1.1, (i) if the rights offering is for securities convertible into or exercisable for Class A ordinary shares, in determining the price payable for Class A ordinary shares, there shall be taken into account any consideration received for such rights, as well as any additional amount payable upon exercise or conversion and (ii) “Historical Fair Market Value” means the volume weighted average price of the Class A ordinary shares as reported during the ten (10) trading day period ending on the trading day prior to the first date on which the Class A ordinary shares trade on the applicable exchange or in the applicable market, regular way, without the right to receive such rights. No Class A ordinary shares shall be issued at less than their par value.

 

4.1.2       Extraordinary Dividends. If the Company, at any time while the Warrants are outstanding and unexpired, shall pay a dividend or make a distribution in cash, securities or other assets to the holders of Class A ordinary shares on account of such Class A ordinary shares (or other shares into which the Warrants are convertible), other than (a) as described in subsection 4.1.1 above, (b) Ordinary Cash Dividends (as defined below), (c) to satisfy the redemption rights of the holders of the Class A ordinary shares in connection with a proposed initial Business Combination, (d) to satisfy the redemption rights of the holders of the Class A ordinary shares in connection with a shareholder vote to amend the Company’s amended and restated memorandum and articles of association (i) to modify the substance or timing of the Company’s obligation to allow redemption in connection with the Company’s initial Business Combination or to redeem 100% of the Company’s public shares if the Company does not complete its initial Business Combination within the time period required by the Company’s amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, as amended from time to time, or (ii) with respect to any other provision relating to shareholders’ rights or pre-initial Business Combination activity or (e) in connection with the redemption of public shares upon the failure of the Company to complete its initial Business Combination and any subsequent distribution of its assets upon its liquidation (any such non-excluded event being referred to herein as an “Extraordinary Dividend”), then the Warrant Price shall be decreased, effective immediately after the effective date of such Extraordinary Dividend, by the amount of cash and/or the fair market value (as determined by the Company’s board of directors (the “Board”), in good faith)

 


9

 

of any securities or other assets paid on each Class A ordinary share in respect of such Extraordinary Dividend. For purposes of this subsection 4.1.2, “Ordinary Cash Dividends” means any cash dividend or cash distribution which, when combined on a per share basis with the per share amounts of all other cash dividends and cash distributions paid on the Class A ordinary shares during the 365-day period ending on the date of declaration of such dividend or distribution to the extent it does not exceed $0.50 (as adjusted to appropriately reflect any of the events referred to in other subsections of this Section 4 and excluding cash dividends or cash distributions that resulted in an adjustment to the Warrant Price or to the number of Class A ordinary shares issuable on exercise of each Warrant) but only with respect to the amount of the aggregate cash dividends or cash distributions equal to or less than $0.50 per share.

 

4.2           Aggregation of Shares. If, after the date hereof, and subject to the provisions of Section 4.7, the number of issued and outstanding Class A ordinary shares is decreased by a consolidation, combination, reverse share sub-division or reclassification of Class A ordinary shares or other similar event, then, on the effective date of such consolidation, combination, reverse share sub-division, reclassification or similar event, the number of Class A ordinary shares issuable on exercise of each Warrant shall be decreased in proportion to such decrease in issued and outstanding Class A ordinary shares.

 

4.3           Adjustments in Exercise Price. Whenever the number of Class A ordinary shares purchasable upon the exercise of the Warrants is adjusted, as provided in Sections 4.1 and 4.2 above, the Warrant Price shall be adjusted (to the nearest cent) by multiplying such Warrant Price immediately prior to such adjustment by a fraction (x) the numerator of which shall be the number of Class A ordinary shares purchasable upon the exercise of the Warrants immediately prior to such adjustment and (y) the denominator of which shall be the number of Class A ordinary shares so purchasable immediately thereafter.

 

4.4           Raising of Capital in Connection with the Initial Business Combination. If (x) the Company issues additional Class A ordinary shares or equity-linked securities for capital raising purposes in connection with the closing of its initial Business Combination at an issue price or effective issue price of less than $9.20 per Class A ordinary share (with such issue price or effective issue price to be determined in good faith by the Board and, in the case of any such issuance to the Sponsor or its affiliates, without taking into account any Class B ordinary shares of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Class B ordinary shares”), held by the Sponsor or such affiliates, as applicable, prior to such issuance (the “Newly Issued Price”), (y) the aggregate gross proceeds from such issuances represent more than 60% of the total equity proceeds, and interest thereon, available for the funding of the Company’s initial Business Combination on the date of the completion of the Company’s initial Business Combination (net of redemptions), and (z) the volume-weighted average trading price of Class A ordinary shares during the twenty (20) trading day period starting on the trading day prior to the day on which the Company completes its initial Business Combination (such price, the “Market Value”) is below $9.20 per share, the Warrant Price will be adjusted (to the nearest cent) to be equal to 115% of the higher of the Market Value and the Newly Issued Price, and the $10.00 and $18.00 per share redemption trigger prices described in Section 6.1.2 and Section 6.1.1, respectively, will be adjusted (to the nearest cent) to be equal to 100% and 180%, respectively, of the higher of the Market Value and the Newly Issued Price.

 


10

 

4.5           Replacement of Securities upon Reorganization, etc. In case of any reclassification or reorganization of the issued and outstanding Class A ordinary shares (other than a change covered by Section 4.1 or Section 4.2 hereof or one that solely affects the par value of such Class A ordinary shares), or in the case of any merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another corporation (other than a consolidation or merger in which the Company is the continuing corporation and that does not result in any reclassification or reorganization of the issued and outstanding Class A ordinary shares), or in the case of any sale or conveyance to another corporation or entity of the assets or other property of the Company as an entirety or substantially as an entirety in connection with which the Company is dissolved, the holders of the Warrants shall thereafter have the right to purchase and receive, upon the basis and upon the terms and conditions specified in the Warrants and in lieu of the Class A ordinary shares immediately theretofore purchasable and receivable upon the exercise of the rights represented thereby, the kind and amount of Class A ordinary shares or other securities or property (including cash) receivable upon such reclassification, reorganization, merger or consolidation, or upon a dissolution following any such sale or transfer, that the Warrant holder would have received if such Warrant holder had exercised his, her or its Warrant(s) immediately prior to such event (the “Alternative Issuance”); provided, however, that (i) if such Warrant holders were entitled to exercise a right of election as to the kind or amount of securities, cash or other assets receivable upon such merger or consolidation, then the kind and amount of securities, cash or other assets for which each Warrant shall become exercisable shall be deemed to be the weighted average of the kind and amount received per share by such Warrant holders in such merger or consolidation that affirmatively make such election, and (ii) if a tender, exchange or redemption offer has been made to and accepted by such Warrant holders (other than a tender, exchange or redemption offer made by the Company in connection with redemption rights held by shareholders of the Company as provided for in the Company’s amended and restated memorandum and articles of association or as a result of the redemption of Class A ordinary shares by the Company if a proposed initial Business Combination is presented to the shareholders of the Company for approval) under circumstances in which, upon completion of such tender or exchange offer, the maker thereof, together with members of any group (within the meaning of Rule 13d-5(b)(1) under the Exchange Act) of which such maker is a part, and together with any affiliate or associate of such maker (within the meaning of Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act) and any members of any such group of which any such affiliate or associate is a part, own beneficially (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act) more than 50% of the issued and outstanding Class A ordinary shares, the Warrant holder shall be entitled to receive as the Alternative Issuance, the highest amount of cash, securities or other property to which such Warrant holder would actually have been entitled as a shareholder if such Warrant holder had exercised the Warrant prior to the expiration of such tender or exchange offer, accepted such offer and all of the Class A ordinary shares held by such Warrant holder had been purchased pursuant to such tender or exchange offer, subject to adjustment (from and after the consummation of such tender or exchange offer) as nearly equivalent as possible to the adjustments provided for in this Section 4; provided, further, that if less than 70% of the consideration receivable by the holders of Class A ordinary shares in the applicable event is payable in the form of Class A ordinary shares in the successor entity that is listed for trading on a national securities exchange or is quoted in an established over-the counter market, or is to be so listed for trading or quoted immediately following such applicable event, and if the Registered Holder of the Warrant properly exercises the Warrant within thirty (30) days following public

 


11

 

disclosure of such transaction, the Warrant Price shall be reduced by an amount (in dollars) equal to the difference of (i) the Warrant Price in effect prior to such reduction minus (ii) (A) the Per Share Consideration (as defined below) but in no event less than zero, minus (B) the Black-Scholes Warrant Value (as defined below). The “Black-Scholes Warrant Value” means the value of a Warrant immediately prior to the consummation of the applicable event based on the Black-Scholes Warrant Model for a Capped American Call on Bloomberg Financial Markets (assuming zero dividends) (“Bloomberg”). For purposes of calculating such amount, (i) Section 6 of this Agreement shall be taken into account, (ii) the price of each Class A ordinary share shall be the volume weighted average price of the Class A ordinary shares as reported during the ten (10) trading day period ending on the trading day prior to the effective date of the applicable event, (iii) the assumed volatility shall be the 90 day volatility obtained from the HVT function on Bloomberg determined as of the trading day immediately prior to the day of the announcement of the applicable event and (iv) the assumed risk-free interest rate shall correspond to the U.S. Treasury rate for a period equal to the remaining term of the Warrant. “Per Share Consideration” means (i) if the consideration paid to holders of the Class A ordinary shares consists exclusively of cash, the amount of such cash per Class A ordinary share, and (ii) in all other cases, the volume weighted average price of the Class A ordinary shares as reported during the ten (10) trading day period ending on the trading day prior to the effective date of the applicable event. If any reclassification or reorganization also results in a change in Class A ordinary shares covered by subsection 4.1.1, then such adjustment shall be made pursuant to subsection 4.1.1 or Sections 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 and this Section 4.5. The provisions of this Section 4.5 shall similarly apply to successive reclassifications, reorganizations, mergers or consolidations, sales or other transfers. In no event will the Warrant Price be reduced to less than the par value per share issuable upon exercise of such Warrant.

 

4.6           Notices of Changes in Warrant. Upon every adjustment of the Warrant Price or the number of shares issuable upon exercise of a Warrant, the Company shall give written notice thereof to the Warrant Agent, which notice shall state the Warrant Price resulting from such adjustment and the increase or decrease, if any, in the number of shares purchasable at such price upon the exercise of a Warrant, setting forth in reasonable detail the method of calculation and the facts upon which such calculation is based. Upon the occurrence of any event specified in Sections 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4. or 4.5, then, in any such event, the Company shall give written notice to each Warrant holder, at the last address set forth for such holder in the Warrant Register, of the record date or the effective date of the event. Failure to give such notice, or any defect therein, shall not affect the legality or validity of such event.

 

4.7           No Fractional Shares. Notwithstanding any provision contained in this Agreement to the contrary, the Company shall not issue fractional shares upon the exercise of Warrants. If, by reason of any adjustment made pursuant to this Section 4, the holder of any Warrant would be entitled, upon the exercise of such Warrant, to receive a fractional interest in a share, the Company shall, upon such exercise, round down to the nearest whole number the number of Class A ordinary shares to be issued to the Warrant holder.

 

4.8           Form of Warrant. The form of Warrant need not be changed because of any adjustment pursuant to this Section 4, and Warrants issued after such adjustment may state the same Warrant Price and the same number of shares as is stated in the Warrants initially issued pursuant to this Agreement. However, the Company may, at any time, in its sole discretion,

 


12

 

make any change in the form of Warrant that the Company may deem appropriate and that does not affect the substance thereof, and any Warrant thereafter issued or countersigned, whether in exchange or substitution for an outstanding Warrant or otherwise, may be in the form as so changed.

 

4.9           Other Events. In case any event shall occur affecting the Company as to which none of the provisions of the preceding subsections of this Section 4 are strictly applicable, but which would require an adjustment to the terms of the Warrants in order to (i) avoid an adverse impact on the Warrants and (ii) effectuate the intent and purpose of this Section 4, then, in each such case, the Company shall appoint a firm of independent registered public accountants, investment banking or other appraisal firm of recognized national standing, which shall give its opinion as to whether or not any adjustment to the rights represented by the Warrants is necessary to effectuate the intent and purpose of this Section 4 and, if they determine that an adjustment is necessary, the terms of such adjustment; provided, however, that under no circumstances shall the Warrants be adjusted pursuant to this Section 4.9 as a result of any issuance of securities in connection with a Business Combination. The Company shall adjust the terms of the Warrants in a manner that is consistent with any adjustment recommended in such opinion.

 

5.             Transfer and Exchange of Warrants.

 

5.1           Registration of Transfer. The Warrant Agent shall register the transfer, from time to time, of any outstanding Warrant in the Warrant Register, upon surrender of such Warrant for transfer, properly endorsed with signatures properly guaranteed and accompanied by appropriate instructions for transfer. Upon any such transfer, a new Warrant representing an equal aggregate number of Warrants shall be issued and the old Warrant shall be cancelled by the Warrant Agent. In the case of certificated Warrants, such Warrants so cancelled may be delivered by the Warrant Agent to the Company from time to time upon request.

 

5.2           Procedure for Surrender of Warrants. Warrants may be surrendered to the Warrant Agent, together with a written request for exchange or transfer, and thereupon the Warrant Agent shall issue in exchange therefor one or more new Warrants as requested by the Registered Holder of the Warrants so surrendered, representing an equal aggregate number of Warrants; provided, however, that except as otherwise provided herein or with respect to any Book-Entry Warrant, each Book-Entry Warrant may be transferred only in whole and only to the Depository, to another nominee of the Depository, to a successor depository or to a nominee of a successor depository; provided, further, however, that in the event that a Warrant surrendered for transfer bears a restrictive legend (as in the case of the Private Placement Warrants and the Forward Purchase Warrants), the Warrant Agent shall not cancel such Warrant and issue new Warrants in exchange therefor until the Warrant Agent has received an opinion of counsel for the Company stating that such transfer is exempt from registration under the Act, as amended and indicating whether the new Warrants must also bear a restrictive legend.

 

5.3           Fractional Warrants. The Warrant Agent shall not be required to effect any registration of transfer or exchange which shall result in the issuance of a warrant certificate or book-entry position for a fraction of a warrant, except as part of the Units.

 


13

 

5.4           Service Charges. No service charge shall be made for any exchange or registration of transfer of Warrants.

 

5.5           Warrant Execution and Countersignature. The Warrant Agent is hereby authorized to countersign and to deliver, in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the Warrants required to be issued pursuant to the provisions of this Section 5, and the Company, whenever required by the Warrant Agent, shall supply the Warrant Agent with Warrants duly executed on behalf of the Company for such purpose.

 

5.6           Transfer of Warrants. Prior to the Detachment Date, the Public Warrants may be transferred or exchanged only together with the Unit in which such Warrant is included, and only for the purpose of effecting, or in conjunction with, a transfer or exchange of such Unit. Furthermore, each transfer of a Unit on the register relating to such Units shall operate also to transfer the Warrants included in such Unit. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the provisions of this Section 5.6 shall have no effect on any transfer of Warrants on and after the Detachment Date.

 

6.             Redemption.

 

6.1           Redemption.

 

6.1.1       Redemption of Warrants When the Price per Class A Ordinary Share Equals or Exceeds $18.00. Subject to Section 6.4 hereof, not less than all of the outstanding Warrants may be redeemed, at the option of the Company, at any time during the Exercise Period, at the office of the Warrant Agent, upon the notice referred to in Section 6.2 below, at a Redemption Price of $0.01 per Warrant, provided that (a) the Reference Value (as defined below) equals or exceeds $18.00 per share (subject to adjustment in compliance with Section 4 hereof) and (b) there is an effective registration statement covering the issuance of the Class A ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants, and a current prospectus relating thereto, available throughout the 30-day Redemption Period (as defined in Section 6.2 below).

 

6.1.2       Redemption of Warrants When the Price per Class A Ordinary Share Equals or Exceeds $10.00. Subject to Section 6.4 hereof, not less than all of the outstanding Warrants may be redeemed, at the option of the Company, at any time during the Exercise Period, at the office of the Warrant Agent, upon notice referred to in Section 6.2 below, at a Redemption Price of $0.10 per Warrant, provided that (i) the Reference Value equals or exceeds $10.00 per share (subject to adjustment in compliance with Section 4 hereof) and (ii) if the Reference Value is less than $18.00 per share (subject to adjustment in compliance with Section 4 hereof), the Private Placement Warrants are also concurrently called for redemption on the same terms as the outstanding Public Warrants. During the 30-day Redemption Period in connection with a redemption pursuant to this subsection 6.1.2, Registered Holders of the Warrants may elect to exercise their Warrants on a “cashless basis” pursuant to subsection 3.3.1 and receive a number of Class A ordinary shares determined by reference to the table below, based on the Redemption Date (calculated for purposes of the table as the period to expiration of the Warrants) and the “Redemption Fair Market Value” (as such term is defined in this subsection 6.1.2) (a “Make-Whole Exercise”). Solely for purposes of this subsection 6.1.2, the “Redemption Fair Market Value” shall mean the volume weighted average price of the Class A ordinary shares for the ten (10) trading days immediately following the date on which notice of

 


14

 

redemption pursuant to this subsection 6.1.2 is sent to the Registered Holders. In connection with any redemption pursuant to this subsection 6.1.2, the Company shall provide the Registered Holders with the Redemption Fair Market Value no later than one (1) Business Day after the ten (10) trading day period described above ends.

 

Redemption Date   Redemption Fair Market Value of Class A ordinary shares  
(period to
expiration
of warrants)
  <10.00   11.00   12.00   13.00   14.00   15.00   16.00   17.00   >18.00  
60 months   0.261   0.281   0.297   0.311   0.324   0.337   0.348   0.358   0.361  
57 months   0.257   0.277   0.294   0.310   0.324   0.337   0.348   0.358   0.361  
54 months   0.252   0.272   0.291   0.307   0.322   0.335   0.347   0.357   0.361  
51 months   0.246   0.268   0.287   0.304   0.320   0.333   0.346   0.357   0.361  
48 months   0.241   0.263   0.283   0.301   0.317   0.332   0.344   0.356   0.361  
45 months   0.235   0.258   0.279   0.298   0.315   0.330   0.343   0.356   0.361  
42 months   0.228   0.252   0.274   0.294   0.312   0.328   0.342   0.355   0.361  
39 months   0.221   0.246   0.269   0.290   0.309   0.325   0.340   0.354   0.361  
36 months   0.213   0.239   0.263   0.285   0.305   0.323   0.339   0.353   0.361  
33 months   0.205   0.232   0.257   0.280   0.301   0.320   0.337   0.352   0.361  
30 months   0.196   0.224   0.250   0.274   0.297   0.316   0.335   0.351   0.361  
27 months   0.185   0.214   0.242   0.268   0.291   0.313   0.332   0.350   0.361  
24 months   0.173   0.204   0.233   0.260   0.285   0.308   0.329   0.348   0.361  
21 months   0.161   0.193   0.223   0.252   0.279   0.304   0.326   0.347   0.361  
18 months   0.146   0.179   0.211   0.242   0.271   0.298   0.322   0.345   0.361  
15 months   0.130   0.164   0.197   0.230   0.262   0.291   0.317   0.342   0.361  
12 months   0.111   0.146   0.181   0.216   0.250   0.282   0.312   0.339   0.361  
9 months   0.090   0.125   0.162   0.199   0.237   0.272   0.305   0.336   0.361  
6 months   0.065   0.099   0.137   0.178   0.219   0.259   0.296   0.331   0.361  
3 months   0.034   0.065   0.104   0.150   0.197   0.243   0.286   0.326   0.361  
0 months       0.042   0.115   0.179   0.233   0.281   0.323   0.361  

 

The exact Redemption Fair Market Value and Redemption Date may not be set forth in the table above, in which case, if the Redemption Fair Market Value is between two values in the table or the Redemption Date is between two redemption dates in the table, the number of Class A ordinary shares to be issued for each Warrant exercised in a Make-Whole Exercise will be determined by a straight-line interpolation between the number of shares set forth for the higher and lower Redemption Fair Market Values and the earlier and later redemption dates, as applicable, based on a 365- or 366-day year, as applicable.

 

The share prices set forth in the column headings of the table above shall be adjusted as of any date on which the number of shares issuable upon exercise of a Warrant or the Warrant Price is adjusted pursuant to Section 4 hereof. In the event of a Warrant Price adjustment pursuant to Section 4, the adjusted share prices in the column headings shall equal the share prices immediately prior to such adjustment, multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the Warrant Price after such adjustment and the denominator of which is the Warrant Price immediately prior to such adjustment. In such an event, the number of shares in the table above shall be adjusted by multiplying such share amounts by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of shares deliverable upon exercise of a Warrant immediately prior to such adjustment and the denominator of which is the number of shares deliverable upon exercise of a Warrant as so adjusted. The number of shares in the table above shall be adjusted in the same manner and at

 


15

 

the same time as the number of shares issuable upon exercise of a Warrant. If the Warrant Price is adjusted pursuant to Section 4.4, the adjusted share prices set forth in the column headings of the table above shall be multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the higher of the Market Value and the Newly Issued Price and the denominator of which is $10.00.

 

6.2           Date Fixed for, and Notice of, Redemption; Redemption Price; Reference Value. In the event the Company shall elect to redeem all of the Warrants, the Company shall fix a date for the redemption (the “Redemption Date”). Notice of redemption shall be mailed by first class mail, postage prepaid, by the Company not less than thirty (30) days prior to the Redemption Date (the “30-day Redemption Period”) to the Registered Holders of the Warrants to be redeemed at their last addresses as they shall appear in the Warrant Register. Any notice mailed in the manner herein provided shall be conclusively presumed to have been duly given whether or not the Registered Holder received such notice. As used in this Agreement, (a) “Redemption Price” shall mean the price per Warrant at which any Warrants are redeemed pursuant to Section 6.1 and (b) “Reference Value” shall mean the last reported sales price of the Class A ordinary shares for any twenty (20) trading days within the thirty (30) trading day period ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which notice of the redemption is given.

 

6.3           Exercise After Notice of Redemption. The Warrants may be exercised for cash in accordance with Section 3 of this Agreement (or on a “cashless basis” in accordance with subsection 6.1.2 of this Agreement) at any time after notice of redemption shall have been given by the Company pursuant to Section 6.2 hereof and prior to the Redemption Date. On and after the Redemption Date, the record holder of the Warrants shall have no further rights except to receive, upon surrender of the Warrants, the Redemption Price.

 

6.4           Exclusion of Private Placement Warrants. The Company agrees that (a) the redemption rights provided in Section 6.1 hereof shall not apply to the Private Placement Warrants if at the time of the redemption such Private Placement Warrants continue to be held by the Sponsor or its Permitted Transferees and (b) if the Reference Value equals or exceeds $18.00 per share (subject to adjustment in compliance with Section 4 hereof), the redemption rights provided in Section 6.1.2 hereof shall not apply to the Private Placement Warrants if at the time of the redemption such Private Placement Warrants continue to be held by the Sponsor or its Permitted Transferees. However, once such Private Placement Warrants are transferred (other than to Permitted Transferees in accordance with Section 2.6 hereof), the Company may redeem the Private Placement Warrants pursuant to Section 6.1.1 or 6.1.2 hereof, provided that the criteria for redemption are met, including the opportunity of the holder of such Private Placement Warrants to exercise the Private Placement Warrants prior to redemption pursuant to Section 6.4 hereof. Private Placement Warrants that are transferred to persons other than Permitted Transferees shall upon such transfer cease to be Private Placement Warrants and shall become Public Warrants under this Agreement, including for purposes of Section 9.8 hereof.

 

7.             Other Provisions Relating to Rights of Holders of Warrants.

 

7.1           No Rights as Shareholder. A Warrant does not entitle the Registered Holder thereof to any of the rights of a shareholder of the Company, including, without limitation, the right to receive dividends, or other distributions, exercise any preemptive rights to vote or to

 


16

 

consent or to receive notice as shareholders in respect of the meetings of shareholders or the election of directors of the Company or any other matter.

 

7.2           Lost, Stolen, Mutilated, or Destroyed Warrants. If any Warrant is lost, stolen, mutilated or destroyed, the Company and the Warrant Agent may, on such terms as to indemnity or otherwise as they may in their discretion impose (which terms shall, in the case of a mutilated Warrant, include the surrender thereof), issue a new Warrant of like denomination, tenor and date as the Warrant so lost, stolen, mutilated or destroyed. Any such new Warrant shall constitute a substitute contractual obligation of the Company, whether or not the allegedly lost, stolen, mutilated or destroyed Warrant shall be at any time enforceable by anyone.

 

7.3           Reservation of Class A ordinary shares. The Company shall at all times reserve and keep available a number of its authorized but unissued Class A ordinary shares that will be sufficient to permit the exercise in full of all outstanding Warrants issued pursuant to this Agreement.

 

7.4           Registration of Class A ordinary shares.

 

7.4.1       Registration of the Class A ordinary shares. The Company agrees that as soon as practicable, but in no event later than fifteen (15) Business Days after the closing of its initial Business Combination, it shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to file with the Commission a registration statement for the registration, under the Act, of the Class A ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants. The Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause the same to become effective within sixty (60) Business Days following the closing of its initial Business Combination and to maintain the effectiveness of such registration statement, and a current prospectus relating thereto, until the expiration or redemption of the Warrants in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. If any such registration statement has not been declared effective by the sixtieth (60th) Business Day following the closing of the Business Combination, holders of the Warrants shall have the right, during the period beginning on the sixty-first (61st) Business Day after the closing of the Business Combination and ending upon such registration statement being declared effective by the Commission, and during any other period when the Company shall fail to have maintained an effective registration statement covering the issuance of the Class A ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants, to exercise such Warrants on a “cashless basis,” pursuant to subsection 3.3.1, by exchanging the Warrants (in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the Act or another exemption) for that number of Class A ordinary shares equal to the lesser of (A) the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of Class A ordinary shares underlying the Warrants, multiplied by the excess of the “Fair Market Value” (as defined below) less the Warrant Price by (y) the Fair Market Value and (B) 0.361. Solely for purposes of this subsection 7.4.1, “Fair Market Value” shall mean the volume-weighted average price of the Class A ordinary shares as reported during the ten (10) trading day period ending on the trading day prior to the date that notice of exercise is received by the Warrant Agent from the holder of such Warrants or its securities broker or intermediary. The date that notice of “cashless exercise” is received by the Warrant Agent shall be conclusively determined by the Warrant Agent. In connection with the “cashless exercise” of a Public Warrant, the Company shall, upon request, provide the Warrant Agent with an opinion of counsel for the Company (which shall be an outside law firm with securities law experience) stating that (i) the exercise of the Warrants on a

 


17

 

“cashless basis” in accordance with this subsection 7.4.1 is not required to be registered under the Act and (ii) the Class A ordinary shares issued upon such exercise shall be freely tradable under United States federal securities laws by anyone who is not an affiliate (as such term is defined in Rule 144 under the Act) of the Company and, accordingly, shall not be required to bear a restrictive legend. Except as provided in subsection 7.4.2, for the avoidance of doubt, unless and until all of the Warrants have been exercised or have expired, the Company shall continue to be obligated to comply with its registration obligations under the first three sentences of this subsection 7.4.1.

 

7.4.2       Cashless Exercise at Company’s Option. If the Class A ordinary shares are at the time of any exercise of a Public Warrant not listed on a national securities exchange such that they satisfy the definition of a “covered security” under Section 18(b)(1) of the Act, the Company may, at its option, (i) require holders of Public Warrants who exercise Public Warrants to exercise such Public Warrants on a “cashless basis” in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the Act as described in subsection 7.4.1 and (ii) in the event the Company so elects, the Company shall (x) not be required to file or maintain in effect a registration statement for the registration, under the Act, of the Class A ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants, notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, and (y) use its commercially reasonable efforts to register or qualify for sale the Class A ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of the Public Warrant under applicable blue sky laws of the state of the residence of the holder to the extent an exemption is not available.

 

8.             Concerning the Warrant Agent and Other Matters.

 

8.1           Payment of Taxes. The Company shall from time to time promptly pay all taxes and charges that may be imposed upon the Company or the Warrant Agent in respect of the issuance or delivery of Class A ordinary shares upon the exercise of the Warrants, but the Company shall not be obligated to pay any transfer taxes in respect of the Warrants or such shares.

 

8.2           Resignation, Consolidation, or Merger of Warrant Agent.

 

8.2.1       Appointment of Successor Warrant Agent. The Warrant Agent, or any successor to it hereafter appointed, may resign its duties and be discharged from all further duties and liabilities hereunder after giving sixty (60) days’ notice in writing to the Company. If the office of the Warrant Agent becomes vacant by resignation or incapacity to act or otherwise, the Company shall appoint in writing a successor Warrant Agent in place of the Warrant Agent. If the Company shall fail to make such appointment within a period of thirty (30) days after it has been notified in writing of such resignation or incapacity by the Warrant Agent or by the holder of a Warrant (who shall, with such notice, submit his, her or its Warrant for inspection by the Company), then the holder of any Warrant may apply to the Supreme Court of the State of New York for the County of New York for the appointment of a successor Warrant Agent at the Company’s cost. Any successor Warrant Agent, whether appointed by the Company or by such court, shall be a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of New York, in good standing and having its principal office in the Borough of Manhattan, City and State of New York, and authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust powers and subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authority. After appointment, any successor

 


18

 

Warrant Agent shall be vested with all the authority, powers, rights, immunities, duties, and obligations of its predecessor Warrant Agent with like effect as if originally named as Warrant Agent hereunder, without any further act or deed; but if for any reason it becomes necessary or appropriate, the predecessor Warrant Agent shall execute and deliver, at the expense of the Company, an instrument transferring to such successor Warrant Agent all the authority, powers, and rights of such predecessor Warrant Agent hereunder; and upon request of any successor Warrant Agent the Company shall make, execute, acknowledge, and deliver any and all instruments in writing for more fully and effectually vesting in and confirming to such successor Warrant Agent all such authority, powers, rights, immunities, duties, and obligations.

 

8.2.2       Notice of Successor Warrant Agent. In the event a successor Warrant Agent shall be appointed, the Company shall give notice thereof to the predecessor Warrant Agent and the transfer agent for the Class A ordinary shares not later than the effective date of any such appointment.

 

8.2.3       Merger or Consolidation of Warrant Agent. Any corporation into which the Warrant Agent may be merged or with which it may be consolidated or any corporation resulting from any merger or consolidation to which the Warrant Agent shall be a party shall be the successor Warrant Agent under this Agreement without any further act.

 

8.3           Fees and Expenses of Warrant Agent.

 

8.3.1       Remuneration. The Company agrees to pay the Warrant Agent reasonable remuneration for its services as such Warrant Agent hereunder and shall, pursuant to the obligations under this Agreement, reimburse the Warrant Agent upon demand for all expenditures that the Warrant Agent may reasonably incur in the execution of its duties hereunder.

 

8.3.2       Further Assurances. The Company agrees to perform, execute, acknowledge and deliver or cause to be performed, executed, acknowledged and delivered all such further and other acts, instruments and assurances as may reasonably be required by the Warrant Agent for the carrying out or performing of the provisions of this Agreement.

 

8.4           Liability of Warrant Agent.

 

8.4.1       Reliance on Company Statement. Whenever in the performance of its duties under this Agreement the Warrant Agent shall deem it necessary or desirable that any fact or matter be proved or established by the Company prior to taking or suffering any action hereunder, such fact or matter (unless other evidence in respect thereof be herein specifically prescribed) may be deemed to be conclusively proved and established by a statement signed by the Chief Executive Officer, President or Chief Financial Officer of the Company and delivered to the Warrant Agent. The Warrant Agent may rely upon such statement for any action taken or suffered in good faith by it pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement.

 

8.4.2       Indemnity. The Warrant Agent shall be liable hereunder only for its own gross negligence, willful misconduct, fraud or bad faith. The Company agrees to indemnify the Warrant Agent and save it harmless against any and all liabilities, including judgments, costs and reasonable counsel fees, for anything done or omitted by the Warrant Agent in the execution of

 


19

 

this Agreement, except as a result of the Warrant Agent’s gross negligence, willful misconduct, fraud or bad faith.

 

8.4.3       Exclusions. The Warrant Agent shall have no responsibility with respect to the validity of this Agreement or with respect to the validity or execution of any Warrant (except its countersignature thereof); nor shall it be responsible for any breach by the Company of any covenant or condition contained in this Agreement or in any Warrant; nor shall it be responsible to make any adjustments required under the provisions of Section 4 hereof or responsible for the manner, method or amount of any such adjustment or the ascertaining of the existence of facts that would require any such adjustment; nor shall it by any act hereunder be deemed to make any representation or warranty as to the authorization or reservation of any Class A ordinary shares to be issued pursuant to this Agreement or any Warrant or as to whether any Class A ordinary shares will when issued be valid and fully paid and non-assessable.

 

8.5           Acceptance of Agency. The Warrant Agent hereby accepts the agency established by this Agreement and agrees to perform the same upon the terms and conditions herein set forth and, among other things, shall account promptly to the Company with respect to Warrants exercised and concurrently account for, and pay to the Company, all monies received by the Warrant Agent for the purchase of Class A ordinary shares through the exercise of Warrants.

 

8.6           Waiver. The Warrant Agent has no rights of set-off or any other right, title, interest or claim of any kind (“Claim”) in, or to any distribution of, the Trust Account (as defined in that certain Investment Management Trust Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, by and between the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company as trustee thereunder) and hereby agrees not to seek recourse, reimbursement, payment or satisfaction for any Claim against the Trust Account for any reason whatsoever. The Warrant Agent hereby waives any and all Claims against the Trust Account and any and all rights to seek access to the Trust Account.

 

9.             Miscellaneous Provisions.

 

9.1           Successors. All the covenants and provisions of this Agreement by or for the benefit of the Company or the Warrant Agent shall bind and inure to the benefit of their respective successors and assigns.

 

9.2           Notices. Any notice, statement or demand authorized by this Agreement to be given or made by the Warrant Agent or by the holder of any Warrant to or on the Company shall be delivered by hand or sent by registered or certified mail or overnight courier service, addressed (until another address is filed in writing by the Company with the Warrant Agent) as follows:

 

Tiga Acquisition Corp.

250 North Bridge Road, #24-00

Raffles City Tower, Singapore 179101

Attention: Diana Kun Luo, Chief Financial Officer

email: dluo@tigainvestments.com


20

 

Any notice, statement or demand authorized by this Agreement to be given or made by the holder of any Warrant or by the Company to or on the Warrant Agent shall be delivered by hand or sent by registered or certified mail or overnight courier service, addressed (until another address is filed in writing by the Company with the Warrant Agent) as follows:

 

Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company
1 State Street, 30 FL
New York, New York 10004
Attn: Compliance Department

 

Any notice, sent pursuant to this Agreement shall be effective, if delivered by hand, upon receipt thereof by the party to whom it is addressed, if sent by overnight courier, on the next business day of the delivery to the courier, and if sent by registered or certified mail on the third day after registration or certification thereof.

 

with a copy in each case to:

 

Milbank LLP
55 Hudson Yards

New York, New York 10001

Attn: Rod Miller & David H. Zemans

 

9.3           Applicable Law. The validity, interpretation and performance of this Agreement and of the Warrants shall be governed in all respects by the laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to conflicts of law principles that would result in the application of the substantive laws of another jurisdiction. The Company hereby agrees that any action, proceeding or claim against it arising out of or relating in any way to this Agreement shall be brought and enforced in the courts of the State of New York or the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, and irrevocably submits to such jurisdiction, which jurisdiction shall be exclusive. The Company hereby waives any objection to such exclusive jurisdiction and that such courts represent an inconvenient forum.

 

9.4           Persons Having Rights under this Agreement. Nothing in this Agreement expressed and nothing that may be implied from any of the provisions hereof is intended, or shall be construed, to confer upon, or give to, any person or corporation other than the parties hereto and the Registered Holders of the Warrants, any right, remedy, or claim under or by reason of this Agreement or of any covenant, condition, stipulation, promise, or agreement hereof. All covenants, conditions, stipulations, promises, and agreements contained in this Agreement shall be for the sole and exclusive benefit of the parties hereto and their successors and assigns and of the Registered Holders of the Warrants.

 

9.5           Examination of the Warrant Agreement. A copy of this Agreement shall be available at all reasonable times at the office of the Warrant Agent in the Borough of Manhattan, City and State of New York, for inspection by the Registered Holder of any Warrant. The Warrant Agent may require any such holder to submit such holder’s Warrant for inspection by the Warrant Agent.

21

 

9.6           Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of original or facsimile counterparts and each of such counterparts shall for all purposes be deemed to be an original, and all such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument.

 

9.7           Effect of Headings. The section headings herein are for convenience only and are not part of this Agreement and shall not affect the interpretation thereof.

 

9.8           Amendments. This Agreement may be amended by the parties hereto without the consent of any Registered Holder for the purpose of curing any ambiguity, or curing, correcting or supplementing any defective provision contained herein or adding or changing any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under this Agreement as the parties may deem necessary or desirable and that the parties deem shall not adversely affect the interest of the Registered Holders. All other modifications or amendments, including any amendment to increase the Warrant Price or shorten the Exercise Period and any amendment to the terms of only the Private Placement Warrants and/or the Forward Purchase Warrants, shall require the vote or written consent of the Registered Holders of 65% of the then outstanding Public Warrants and Forward Purchase Warrants. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company may lower the Warrant Price or extend the duration of the Exercise Period pursuant to Sections 3.1 and 3.2, respectively, without the consent of the Registered Holders. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, any modification or amendment to the terms of the Forward Purchase Warrants shall require the vote or written consent of the Registered Holders of 65% of the then-outstanding Forward Purchase Warrants.

 

9.9           Severability. Whenever possible, each provision of this Agreement shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law, but if any provision of this Agreement is held to be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision shall be ineffective only to the extent of such prohibition or invalidity, without invalidating the remainder of this Agreement.

22

 

Exhibit 4.1

Execution Version

 

Exhibit A Form of Warrant Certificate

 

Exhibit B Legend — Private Placement Warrants and Forward Purchase Warrants


 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Agreement has been duly executed by the parties hereto as of the day and year first above written.

 

  TIGA ACQUISITION CORP.
         
  By: /s/ Diana Luo
  Name: Diana Luo
  Title: Chief Financial Officer

 

[Signature Page to Warrant Agreement]


 

  CONTINENTAL STOCK TRANSFER & TRUST COMPANY
         
  By: /s/ Erika Young
  Name: Erika Young
  Title: Vice President

 

[Signature Page to Warrant Agreement]


 

EXHIBIT A
Form of Warrant Certificate
[FACE]

 

Number

 

Warrants
THIS WARRANT SHALL BE VOID IF NOT EXERCISED PRIOR TO
THE EXPIRATION OF THE EXERCISE PERIOD PROVIDED
FOR IN THE WARRANT AGREEMENT DESCRIBED BELOW
TIGA ACQUISITION CORP.
Incorporated Under the Laws of the Cayman Islands

 

CUSIP G88672 111

 

Warrant Certificate

 

This Warrant Certificate certifies that, [●] or registered assigns, is the registered holder of warrant(s) evidenced hereby (the “Warrants” and each, a “Warrant”) to purchase Class A ordinary shares, $0.0001 par value (the “Class A ordinary shares”), of Tiga Acquisition Corp., a Cayman Islands exempted company (the “Company”). Each Warrant entitles the holder, upon exercise during the period set forth in the Warrant Agreement referred to below, to receive from the Company that number of fully paid and non-assessable Class A ordinary shares as set forth below, at the exercise price (the “Exercise Price”) as determined pursuant to the Warrant Agreement, payable in lawful money (or through “cashless exercise” as provided for in the Warrant Agreement) of the United States of America upon surrender of this Warrant Certificate and payment of the Exercise Price at the office or agency of the Warrant Agent referred to below, subject to the conditions set forth herein and in the Warrant Agreement. Defined terms used in this Warrant Certificate but not defined herein shall have the meanings given to them in the Warrant Agreement.

 

Each whole Warrant is initially exercisable for one fully paid and non-assessable Class A ordinary share. No fractional shares will be issued upon exercise of any Warrant. If, upon the exercise of Warrants, a holder would be entitled to receive a fractional interest in a Class A ordinary share, the Company will, upon exercise, round down to the nearest whole number the number of Class A ordinary shares to be issued to the Warrant holder. The number of Class A ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events as set forth in the Warrant Agreement.

 

The initial Exercise Price per one Class A ordinary share for any Warrant is equal to $11.50 per share. The Exercise Price is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events as set forth in the Warrant Agreement.

 

Subject to the conditions set forth in the Warrant Agreement, the Warrants may be exercised only during the Exercise Period and to the extent not exercised by the end of such Exercise Period, such Warrants shall become void. The Warrants may be redeemed, subject to certain conditions, as set forth in the Warrant Agreement.

 

Reference is hereby made to the further provisions of this Warrant Certificate set forth on the reverse hereof and such further provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect as though fully set forth at this place.

 

This Warrant Certificate shall not be valid unless countersigned by the Warrant Agent, as such term is used in the Warrant Agreement.

A-1

 

This Warrant Certificate shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard to conflicts of laws principles thereof.

 

  TIGA ACQUISITION CORP.
     
 
By:

 
    Name:
    Title: Authorized Signatory
     
  CONTINENTAL STOCK TRANSFER & TRUST COMPANY,
  as Warrant Agent By:
     
 
By:

 
    Name:
    Title:

 

A-2

 

[Form of Warrant Certificate]
[Reverse]

 

The Warrants evidenced by this Warrant Certificate are part of a duly authorized issue of Warrants entitling the holder on exercise to receive Class A ordinary shares and are issued or to be issued pursuant to a Warrant Agreement dated as of November 23, 2020 (the “Warrant Agreement”), duly executed and delivered by the Company to Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, a New York corporation, as warrant agent (the “Warrant Agent”), which Warrant Agreement is hereby incorporated by reference in and made a part of this instrument and is hereby referred to for a description of the rights, limitation of rights, obligations, duties and immunities thereunder of the Warrant Agent, the Company and the holders (the words “holders” or “holder” meaning the Registered Holders or Registered Holder, respectively) of the Warrants. A copy of the Warrant Agreement may be obtained by the holder hereof upon written request to the Company. Defined terms used in this Warrant Certificate but not defined herein shall have the meanings given to them in the Warrant Agreement.

 

Warrants may be exercised at any time during the Exercise Period set forth in the Warrant Agreement. The holder of Warrants evidenced by this Warrant Certificate may exercise them by surrendering this Warrant Certificate, with the form of Election to Purchase set forth hereon properly completed and executed, together with payment of the Exercise Price as specified in the Warrant Agreement (or through “cashless exercise” as provided for in the Warrant Agreement) at the principal corporate trust office of the Warrant Agent. In the event that upon any exercise of Warrants evidenced hereby the number of Warrants exercised shall be less than the total number of Warrants evidenced hereby, there shall be issued to the holder hereof or his, her or its assignee, a new Warrant Certificate evidencing the number of Warrants not exercised.

 

Notwithstanding anything else in this Warrant Certificate or the Warrant Agreement, no Warrant may be exercised unless at the time of exercise (i) a registration statement covering the issuance of the Class A ordinary shares to be issued upon exercise is effective under the Securities Act and (ii) a prospectus thereunder relating to the Class A ordinary shares is current, except through “cashless exercise” as provided for in the Warrant Agreement.

 

The Warrant Agreement provides that upon the occurrence of certain events the number of Class A ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants set forth on the face hereof may, subject to certain conditions, be adjusted. If, upon exercise of a Warrant, the holder thereof would be entitled to receive a fractional interest in a Class A ordinary share, the Company shall, upon exercise, round down to the nearest whole number of Class A ordinary shares to be issued to the holder of the Warrant.

 

Warrant Certificates, when surrendered at the principal corporate trust office of the Warrant Agent by the Registered Holder thereof in person or by legal representative or attorney duly authorized in writing, may be exchanged, in the manner and subject to the limitations provided in the Warrant Agreement, but without payment of any service charge, for another Warrant Certificate or Warrant Certificates of like tenor evidencing in the aggregate a like number of Warrants.

 

Upon due presentation for registration of transfer of this Warrant Certificate at the office of the Warrant Agent a new Warrant Certificate or Warrant Certificates of like tenor and evidencing in the aggregate a like number of Warrants shall be issued to the transferee(s) in exchange for this Warrant Certificate, subject to the limitations provided in the Warrant Agreement, without charge except for any tax or other governmental charge imposed in connection therewith.

 

The Company and the Warrant Agent may deem and treat the Registered Holder(s) hereof as the absolute owner(s) of this Warrant Certificate (notwithstanding any notation of ownership or other writing hereon made by anyone), for the purpose of any exercise hereof, of any distribution to the holder(s) hereof, and for all other purposes, and neither the Company nor the Warrant Agent shall be affected by any notice to the contrary. Neither the Warrants nor this Warrant Certificate entitles any holder hereof to any rights of a shareholder of the Company.

A-3

 

Election to Purchase
(To Be Executed Upon Exercise of Warrant)

 

The undersigned hereby irrevocably elects to exercise the right, represented by this Warrant Certificate, to receive Class A ordinary shares and herewith tenders payment for such Class A ordinary shares to the order of Tiga Acquisition Corp. (the “Company”) in the amount of $[●] in accordance with the terms hereof. The undersigned requests that a certificate for such Class A ordinary shares be registered in the name of [●], whose address is and that such Class A ordinary shares be delivered to whose address is [●]. If said number of Class A ordinary shares is less than all of the Class A ordinary shares purchasable hereunder, the undersigned requests that a new Warrant Certificate representing the remaining balance of such Class A ordinary shares be registered in the name of [●], whose address is and that such Warrant Certificate be delivered to [●], whose address is [●].

 

In the event that the Warrant has been called for redemption by the Company pursuant to Section 6.1.2 of the Warrant Agreement and a holder thereof elects to exercise its Warrant pursuant to a Make-Whole Exercise, the number of Class A ordinary shares that this Warrant is exercisable for shall be determined in accordance with subsection 3.3.1(b) or Section 6.1.2 of the Warrant Agreement, as applicable.

 

In the event that the Warrant is a Private Placement Warrant that is to be exercised on a “cashless” basis pursuant to subsection 3.3.1(b) of the Warrant Agreement, the number of Class A ordinary shares that this Warrant is exercisable for shall be determined in accordance with subsection 3.3.1(b) of the Warrant Agreement.

 

In the event that the Warrant is to be exercised on a “cashless” basis pursuant to Section 7.4 of the Warrant Agreement, the number of Class A ordinary shares that this Warrant is exercisable for shall be determined in accordance with Section 7.4 of the Warrant Agreement.

 

In the event that the Warrant may be exercised, to the extent allowed by the Warrant Agreement, through cashless exercise (i) the number of Class A ordinary shares that this Warrant is exercisable for would be determined in accordance with the relevant section of the Warrant Agreement which allows for such cashless exercise and (ii) the holder hereof shall complete the following: The undersigned hereby irrevocably elects to exercise the right, represented by this Warrant Certificate, through the cashless exercise provisions of the Warrant Agreement, to receive Class A ordinary shares. If said number of shares is less than all of the Class A ordinary shares purchasable hereunder (after giving effect to the cashless exercise), the undersigned requests that a new Warrant Certificate representing the remaining balance of such Class A ordinary shares be registered in the name of [●], whose address is and that such Warrant Certificate be delivered to [●], whose address is [●].

 

[Signature Page Follows]

A-4

 

Date:       , 20  
  (Signature)
  (Address)
   
  (Tax Identification Number)
   
Signature Guaranteed:
   

 

THE SIGNATURE(S) SHOULD BE GUARANTEED BY AN ELIGIBLE GUARANTOR INSTITUTION (BANKS, STOCKBROKERS, SAVINGS AND LOAN ASSOCIATIONS AND CREDIT UNIONS WITH MEMBERSHIP IN AN APPROVED SIGNATURE GUARANTEE MEDALLION PROGRAM, PURSUANT TO S.E.C. RULE 17Ad-15 UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED).

A-5

 

EXHIBIT B
LEGEND

 

THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR ANY STATE SECURITIES LAWS, AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD, TRANSFERRED OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF UNLESS REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, AND ANY APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS OR AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION IS AVAILABLE. IN ADDITION, SUBJECT TO ANY ADDITIONAL LIMITATIONS ON TRANSFER DESCRIBED IN THE LETTER AGREEMENT BY AND AMONG TIGA ACQUISITION CORP. (THE “COMPANY”), TIGA SPONSOR LLC AND THE OTHER PARTIES THERETO, THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE MAY NOT BE SOLD OR TRANSFERRED PRIOR TO THE DATE THAT IS THIRTY (30) DAYS AFTER THE DATE UPON WHICH THE COMPANY COMPLETES ITS INITIAL BUSINESS COMBINATION (AS DEFINED IN THE RECITALS OF THE WARRANT AGREEMENT REFERRED TO HEREIN) EXCEPT TO A PERMITTED TRANSFEREE (AS DEFINED IN SECTION 2 OF THE WARRANT AGREEMENT) WHO AGREES IN WRITING WITH THE COMPANY TO BE SUBJECT TO SUCH TRANSFER PROVISIONS.

 

SECURITIES EVIDENCED BY THIS CERTIFICATE AND CLASS A ORDINARY SHARES OF THE COMPANY ISSUED UPON EXERCISE OF SUCH SECURITIES SHALL BE ENTITLED TO REGISTRATION RIGHTS UNDER A REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT TO BE EXECUTED BY THE COMPANY.

 

NO. WARRANT

B-1

 

EXHIBIT C

 

Forward Purchase Agreement


C-1


Exhibit 4.4

CERTIFICATE OF CORPORATE DOMESTICATION
OF TIGA ACQUISITION CORP.

Pursuant to Section 388
of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”)

Tiga Acquisition Corp., presently a Cayman Islands exempted company, organized and existing under the laws of the Cayman Islands (the “Company”), DOES HEREBY CERTIFY:

1. The Company was first incorporated on September 18, 2017, under the laws of the Cayman Islands.

2. The name of the Company immediately prior to the filing of this Certificate of Corporate Domestication with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware in accordance with Section 388 of the DGCL was Tiga Acquisition Corp.

3. The name of the Company as set forth in the Certificate of Incorporation being filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware in accordance with Section 388(b) of the DGCL is “Tiga Acquisition Corp.”.

4. The jurisdiction that constituted the seat, siege social, or principal place of business or central administration of the Company, or any other equivalent thereto under applicable law, immediately prior to the filing of this Certificate of Corporate Domestication in accordance with the provisions of Section 388 of the DGCL was the Cayman Islands.

5. The domestication has been approved in the manner provided for by the document, instrument, agreement or other writing, as the case may be, governing the internal affairs of the Company and the conduct of its business or by applicable non-Delaware law, as appropriate.

The corporate domestication of the Company shall be effective upon the filing of this Certificate of Corporate Domestication and the Certificate of Incorporation in accordance with Section 388 of the DGCL and with the Secretary of State of Delaware.

(Signature Page Follows)


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Certificate of Corporate Domestication to be executed by its duly authorized officer on this 17th day of November, 2022.

 
TIGA ACQUISITION CORP.,
 
a Cayman Islands Exempted Company
     
 
By:
/s/ G. Raymond Zage, III 
 
Name:
G. Raymond Zage, III 
 
Title:
Chairman and CEO 


(Signature Page to Certificate of Corporate Domestication)




Exhibit 10.1

AMENDED AND RESTATED REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT
 
THIS AMENDED AND RESTATED REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT (thisAgreement”), dated as of November 18, 2022, is made and entered into by and among (i) Grindr Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), formerly known as Tiga Acquisition Corp., a Cayman Islands exempted company (“Tiga”), (ii) Tiga Sponsor LLC, a Cayman Islands limited liability company (the “Sponsor”), (iii) the undersigned parties listed as Existing Holders on the signature pages hereto (each such party, together with the Sponsor and any person or entity deemed an “Existing Holder”, an “Existing Holder” and, collectively, the “Existing Holders”) and (iv) the undersigned parties who are listed as New Holders on the signature pages hereto (each such party, together with any person or entity deemed a “New Holder”, a “New Holder” and collectively the “New Holders”). Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined in this Agreement shall have the meaning ascribed to such terms in the Merger Agreement (as defined below).
 
RECITALS
 
WHEREAS, on November 23, 2020, the Company, the Sponsor and certain other parties thereto entered into that certain Registration Rights Agreement (the “Existing Registration Rights Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company granted the Existing Holders certain registration rights with respect to certain securities of the Company;
 
WHEREAS, the Company has entered into that certain Agreement and Plan of Merger , dated as of May 9, 2022, by and among the Company, Tiga Merger Sub LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Merger Sub I”), and Grindr Group LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Grindr”), as amended by that certain First Amendment to Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of October 5, 2022, by and among the Company, Merger Sub I, Tiga Merger Sub II LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and Grindr (collectively, the “Merger Agreement”);
 
WHEREAS, in connection with the closing of the transactions contemplated by the A&R Forward Purchase Agreement (as defined below) and subject to the terms and conditions set forth therein, the Existing Holders (or any assignee of the A&R Forward Purchase Agreement) were issued certain Forward Purchase Securities and Backstop Securities (each as defined below), in each case, in such amounts and subject to such terms and conditions as set forth in the A&R Forward Purchase Agreement.
 
WHEREAS, in connection with the closing of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement and subject to the terms and conditions set forth therein, (i) the Existing Holders were issued (a) shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the Company (the “Common Stock”) and (b) certain Private Warrants (as defined below) and (ii) the New Holders were issued shares of Common Stock, in each case, in such amounts and subject to such terms and conditions as set forth in the Merger Agreement;
 
WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 5.5 of the Existing Registration Rights Agreement, any of the provisions, covenants and conditions set forth therein may be amended upon the written consent of the Company and the Holders (as defined therein) of at least a majority-in-interest of the Registrable Securities (as defined therein) at the time in question; and
 
WHEREAS, the Company, Sponsor and the other parties to the Existing Registration Rights Agreement desire to amend and restate the Existing Registration Rights Agreement in order to provide the Existing Holders and the New Holders certain registration rights with respect to certain securities of the Company, as set forth in this Agreement.

 
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the representations, covenants and agreements set forth herein, and certain other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto, intending to be legally bound, hereby agree as follows:
 
ARTICLE I
 
DEFINITIONS
 
1.1.          
Definitions. The terms defined in this Article I shall, for all purposes of this Agreement, have the respective meanings set forth below:
 
A&R Forward Purchase Agreement” shall mean that certain Amended and Restated Forward Purchase Agreement, dated as of May 9, 2022, by and among Tiga and the Sponsor, as amended and supplemented by that certain Joinder and Assignment Agreement to Amended and Restated Forward Purchase Agreement, dated as of, 2022, by and among Tiga, the Sponsor and the Permitted Transferee specified therein.
 
Additional Holder” shall have the meaning given in Section 5.9.
 
Additional Holder Common Stock” shall have the meaning given in Section 5.9.
 
Adverse Disclosure” shall mean any public disclosure of material non-public information, which disclosure, in the good faith judgment of the Chief Executive Officer, the President, or any other principal executive officer of the Company, after consultation with counsel to the Company, (i) would be required to be made in any Registration Statement or Prospectus in order for the applicable Registration Statement or Prospectus not to contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements contained therein (in the case of any prospectus and any preliminary prospectus, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading, (ii) would not be required to be made at such time if the Registration Statement were not being filed and (iii) the Company has a bona fide business purpose for not making such information public.
 
Agreement” shall have the meaning given in the Preamble hereto.
 
Backstop Securities” shall have the meaning given in the A&R Forward Purchase Agreement. “Backstop Shares” shall have the meaning given in the A&R Forward Purchase Agreement. “Backstop Warrants” shall have the meaning given in the A&R Forward Purchase Agreement.

Block Trade” means any non-marketed Underwritten Offering taking the form of a block trade to a financial institution, “qualified institutional buyer” or “institutional accredited investor,” bought deal, same day trade, over-night deal or similar transaction that does not include the filing of a Prospectus or Issuer Free Writing Prospectus with the Commission, “road show” presentations to potential investors requiring any marketing effort from management, the issuance of a “comfort letter” by the Company’s auditors or the issuance of legal opinions by the Company’s legal counsel.
 
Board” shall mean the Board of Directors of the Company. “Commission” shall mean the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
2

 
Common Stock” shall have the meaning given in the Recitals and shall be deemed to include the shares of Common Stock issuable upon the conversion of Founder Shares, Forward Purchase Shares and Backstop Shares, if any, in each case, in such amounts and subject to such terms and conditions as set forth in the Merger Agreement.
 
Company” shall have the meaning given in the Preamble.
 
Company Shelf Takedown Notice” shall have the meaning given in subsection 2.1.3.
 
Control” means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise, and the terms “controlled” and “controlling” have meanings correlative thereto.
 
Demand Registration” shall have the meaning given in subsection 2.2.1.
 
Demanding Holders” shall have the meaning given in subsection 2.2.1.
 
Effectiveness Deadline” shall have the meaning given in subsection 2.1.1.
 
Exchange Act” shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder, all as the same shall be in effect at the time.
 
Existing Registration Rights Agreement” shall have the meaning given in the Recitals.
 
Existing Holders” shall have the meaning given in the Preamble and, for the avoidance of doubt, any assignee of the A&R Forward Purchase Agreement who received (or is entitled to receive) Forward Purchase Securities and/or Backstop Securities.
 
Form S-1 Registration Statement” shall have the meaning given in subsection 2.1.1.
 
Form S-3 Shelf” shall have the meaning given in subsection 2.1.1.
 
Forward Purchase Securities” shall have the meaning given in the A&R Forward Purchase Agreement.
 
Forward Purchase Shares” shall have the meaning given in the A&R Forward Purchase Agreement.
 
Forward Purchase Warrants” shall have the meaning given in the A&R Forward Purchase Agreement.
 
Founder Shares” shall mean the Class B ordinary shares of Tiga, par value $0.0001 per share, of Tiga outstanding prior to the closing of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement and shall be deemed to include the shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion thereof subject to such terms and conditions as set forth in the Merger Agreement.
 
Founder Shares Lock-up Period” shall mean, with respect to the Founder Shares held by the Existing Holders or its Permitted Transferees, the period ending on the earlier of (i) one year after the date hereof, (ii) the first date the closing price of the Common Stock equals or exceeds $12.00 per share (as adjusted for share splits, share capitalizations, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within any 30 trading day period commencing at least 150 days after the date hereof or (iii) the date on which the Company completes a liquidation, merger, share exchange or other similar transaction that results in all of the Company’s shareholders having the right to exchange their Common Stock for cash, securities or other property.
3

Holder Information” shall have the meaning given in subsection 4.1.2.
 
Holders” shall mean the Existing Holders and the New Holders and any person or entity who hereafter becomes a party to this Agreement pursuant to Sections 5.2 and 5.9.
 
Joinder” shall have the meaning given in Section 5.9.
 
Maximum Number of Securities” shall have the meaning given in subsection 2.2.4.
 
Merger Agreement” shall have the meaning given in the Recitals.
 
Misstatement” shall mean an untrue statement of a material fact or an omission to state a material fact required to be stated in a Registration Statement or Prospectus or necessary to make the statements in a Registration Statement or Prospectus in the light of the circumstances under which they were made not misleading.

New Holders” shall have the meaning given in the Preamble.
 
Permitted Transferees” shall mean with respect to an Existing Holder, any person or entity to whom a Holder is permitted to transfer Registrable Securities prior to the expiration of the Founder Shares Lock- up Period or any other applicable agreement between such Holder and the Company, and to any transferee thereafter, provided, that such transferee to which a transfer is being made, if not a Holder, enters into a written agreement with the Company agreeing to be bound to the restrictions set forth herein.
 
Piggyback Registration” shall have the meaning given in subsection 2.3.1.
 
Private Warrants” shall mean the warrants (i) that were issued to the Sponsor concurrently with Tiga’s initial public offering pursuant to the Warrant Agreement, (ii) that were issued to the Sponsor from time to time prior to the date hereof in connection with the extensions of the time period to consummate a business combination, and (iii) that were issued prior to or in connection with the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement including, without limitation, the Forward Purchase Warrants, the Backstop Warrants, if any, and the Working Capital Warrants, if any.
 
Pro Rata” shall have the meaning given in subsection 2.2.4.
 
Prospectus” shall mean the prospectus included in any Registration Statement, as supplemented by any and all prospectus supplements and as amended by any and all post-effective amendments and including all material incorporated by reference in such prospectus.
 
Registrable Security” shall mean (i) any issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock and any other equity security (including shares of Common Stock issued or issuable upon the exercise or conversion of any other equity security, including the Private Warrants, and issued or issuable upon the conversion of any working capital loans made to the Company by a Holder, including the Working Capital Warrants) of the Company held by a Holder immediately following the Closing, whether vested or unvested (including any securities issued, issuable or distributable pursuant to the Merger Agreement and the A&R Forward Purchase Agreement), (ii) the Private Warrants (including any shares of Common Stock issued or issuable upon the exercise or conversion of any of the Private Warrants), (iii) any shares of Common Stock or any other equity security (including warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock and shares of Common Stock issued or issuable upon the exercise or conversion of any other equity security) of the Company, whether vested or unvested, acquired by a Holder following the date hereof to the extent that such securities are “restricted securities” (as defined in Rule 144) or are otherwise held by an “affiliate” (as defined in Rule 144) of the Company, (iv) any Additional Holder Common Stock and (v) any other equity security of the Company issued or issuable with respect to any securities referenced in clause (i), (ii), (iii) or (iv) above by way of a dividend, share capitalization or share split or in connection with a combination of shares, recapitalization, merger, consolidation or reorganization. Registrable Securities include any warrants, shares of capital stock or other securities of the Company issued as a dividend or other distribution with respect to or in exchange for or in replacement of such Registrable Securities. As to any particular Registrable Securities, such securities shall cease to be Registrable Securities when: (a) a Registration Statement with respect to the sale of such securities shall have become effective under the Securities Act and such securities shall have been sold, transferred, disposed of or exchanged in accordance with and pursuant to such Registration Statement; (b) such securities shall have been otherwise transferred (other than to a Permitted Holder), new certificates for them not bearing a legend restricting further transfer shall have been delivered by the Company and subsequent public distribution of such securities shall not require Registration under the Securities Act; (c) such securities shall have ceased to be outstanding; (d) such securities may be sold without registration pursuant to Rule 144 (but with no volume, manner of sale, current public information requirement or other restrictions or limitations); (e) such securities have been sold without registration pursuant to Section 4(a)(1) of the Securities Act or Rule 145 promulgated under the Securities Act or any successor rules promulgated under the Securities Act; or (f) such securities have been sold to, or through, a broker, dealer or underwriter in a public distribution or other public securities transaction.
4

Registration”, “Register” and “Registered” shall mean a registration effected by preparing and filing a registration statement or similar document in compliance with the requirements of the Securities Act, and the applicable rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, and such registration statement becoming effective.
 
Registration Expenses” shall mean the out-of-pocket expenses of a Registration, including, without limitation, the following:
 
(A)
all registration and filing fees (including fees with respect to filings required to be made with the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.) and any securities exchange on which the shares of Common Stock are then listed;
 
(B)
fees and expenses of compliance with securities or blue-sky laws (including reasonable and documented fees and disbursements of counsel for the Underwriters in connection with blue sky qualifications of Registrable Securities);
 
(C)
printing, messenger, telephone and delivery expenses;
 
(D)
reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel for the Company;
 
(E)
reasonable fees and disbursements of all independent registered public accountants of the Company incurred specifically in connection with such Registration; and
 
(F)
reasonable and documented fees and expenses of one (1) legal counsel selected by the majority-in-interest of the Demanding Holders initiating a Demand Registration or Underwritten Offering to be registered for offer and sale in the applicable Registration.
 
5

 
Registration Statement” shall mean any registration statement that covers the Registrable Securities pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement, including the Prospectus included in such registration statement, amendments (including post-effective amendments) and supplements to such registration statement, and all exhibits to and all material incorporated by reference in such registration statement.
 
Requesting Holder” shall have the meaning given in subsection 2.2.1.
 
Rule 144” shall mean Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act (or any successor rule promulgated thereafter by the Commission) (but with no volume, current reporting requirements or other restrictions or limitations).
 
Rule 415” shall have the meaning given in subsection 2.1.1.
 
Securities Act” shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder, all as the same shall be in effect at the time.
 
Shelf Takedown Notice” shall have the meaning given in subsection 2.1.3.
 
Shelf Underwritten Offering” shall have the meaning given in subsection 2.1.3.
 
Sponsor” shall have the meaning given in the Recitals hereto.

Tiga” shall have the meaning given in the Preamble.
 
Underwriter” shall mean a securities dealer who purchases any Registrable Securities as principal in an Underwritten Offering and not as part of such dealer’s market-making activities.
 
Underwritten Registration” or “Underwritten Offering” shall mean a Registration in which securities of the Company are sold to an Underwriter in a firm commitment underwriting for distribution to the public, including an underwritten registered offering not involving a “roadshow,” an offer commonly known as a “block trade” (including a Block Trade (as defined above)) and “at the market” or similar registered offerings through a broker, sales agent or distribution agent, whether as agent or principal.
 
Warrant Agreement” shall mean that certain Warrant Agreement, dated November 23, 2020, by and between the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as warrant agent.
 
Working Capital Warrants” shall mean any warrants held by the Sponsor, officers or directors of Tiga or their affiliates which issued in payment of working capital loans made to Tiga.
 
ARTICLE II
 
REGISTRATION RIGHTS
 
2.1.          
Shelf Registration.

6

 
2.1.1          
Initial Registration. The Company shall, as soon as reasonably practicable, but in any event within forty five (45) calendar days after the date hereof, file a Registration Statement under the Securities Act to permit the public resale of all the Registrable Securities held by the Holders from time to time as permitted by Rule 415 under the Securities Act (or any successor or similar provision adopted by the Commission then in effect) (“Rule 415”) on the terms and conditions specified in this Section 2.1.1 and shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause such Registration Statement to be declared effective as soon as reasonably practicable after the filing thereof, but in no event later than the earlier of (i) sixty (60) calendar days following the filing deadline (or ninety (90) days after the filing deadline if the Registration Statement is reviewed by, and receives comments from, the Commission) and (ii) ten (10) business days after the date the Company is notified (orally or in writing, whichever is earlier) by the Commission that the Registration Statement will not be “reviewed” or will not be subject to further review (such earlier date, the “Effectiveness Deadline”). The Registration Statement filed with the Commission pursuant to this Section 2.1.1 shall be a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (a “Form S-3 Shelf”) or, if Form S-3 is not then available to the Company, on Form S-1 (a “Form S-1 Registration Statement”) or such other form of registration statement as is then available to effect a Registration for resale of such Registrable Securities, covering such Registrable Securities, and shall contain a prospectus in such form as to permit any Holder to sell such Registrable Securities pursuant to Rule 415 at any time beginning on the effective date for such Registration Statement. A Registration Statement filed pursuant to this Section 2.1.1 shall provide for the resale pursuant to any method or combination of methods legally available to, and requested by, the Holders. The Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause a Registration Statement filed pursuant to this Section 2.1.1 to remain effective, and to be supplemented and amended to the extent necessary to ensure that such Registration Statement is available or, if not available, that another Registration Statement is available, for the resale of all the Registrable Securities held by the Holders until all such Registrable Securities have ceased to be Registrable Securities. As soon as reasonably practicable following the effective date of a Registration Statement filed pursuant to this Section 2.1.1, but in any event within ten (10) business days of such date, the Company shall notify the Holders of the effectiveness of such Registration Statement. When effective, a Registration Statement filed pursuant to this Section 2.1.1 (including the documents incorporated therein by reference) will comply as to form in all material respects with all applicable requirements of the Securities Act and will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading (in the case of any prospectus contained in such Registration Statement, in the light of the circumstances under which such statement is made).
 
2.1.2          
Form S-3 Shelf. If the Company files a Form S-1 Registration Statement and thereafter the Company becomes eligible to use Form S-3 for secondary sales, the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to file a Form S-3 Shelf as promptly as reasonably practicable to replace the shelf registration statement that is a Form S-1 Registration Statement and have the Form S-3 Shelf declared effective as promptly as reasonably practicable and to cause such Form S-3 Shelf to remain effective, and to be supplemented and amended to the extent necessary to ensure that such Registration Statement is available or, if not available, that another Registration Statement is available, for the resale of all the Registrable Securities held by the Holders until all such Registrable Securities have ceased to be Registrable Securities.
 
2.1.3          
Shelf Takedown. At any time and from time to time following the effectiveness of the shelf registration statement required by Section 2.1.1 or 2.1.2, any one or more Holder(s) may request to sell all or a portion of their Registrable Securities in an Underwritten Offering that is registered pursuant to such shelf registration statement, including a Block Trade if the Company files a Form S-3 Shelf and is eligible to use Form S-3 for secondary sales (a “Shelf Underwritten Offering”), provided, that such Holder(s) reasonably expect aggregate gross proceeds in excess of $100,000,000 from such Shelf Underwritten Offering. All requests for a Shelf Underwritten Offering shall be made by giving written notice to the Company (the “Shelf Takedown Notice”). Each Shelf Takedown Notice shall specify the approximate number of Registrable Securities proposed to be sold in the Shelf Underwritten Offering and the expected price range (net of underwriting discounts and commissions) of such Shelf Underwritten Offering. Except with respect to a Block Trade requested pursuant to Section 2.5, within ten (10) business days after receipt of any Shelf Takedown Notice, the Company shall give written notice of such requested Shelf Underwritten Offering to all other Holders of Registrable Securities (the Company Shelf Takedown Notice”) and, subject to the provisions of Section 2.2.4, shall include in such Shelf Underwritten Offering all Registrable Securities with respect to which the Company has received written requests for inclusion therein, within ten (10) days after sending the Company Shelf Takedown Notice. The Company shall enter into an underwriting agreement in a form as is customary in Underwritten Offerings of securities by the Company with the managing Underwriter or Underwriters selected by the Holders after consultation with the Company and shall take all such other commercially reasonable actions as are requested by the managing Underwriter or Underwriters in order to expedite or facilitate the disposition of such Registrable Securities. In connection with any Shelf Underwritten Offering contemplated by this Section 2.1.3, subject to Section 3.5 and Article IV, the underwriting agreement into which each Holder and the Company shall enter shall contain such representations, covenants, indemnities and other rights and obligations of the Company and the selling stockholders as are customary in Underwritten Offerings of securities by the Company.
7

 
2.1.4          
Holder Information Required for Participation in Shelf Registration. At least ten (10) business days prior to the first anticipated filing date of a Registration Statement pursuant to this Article II, the Company shall use reasonable efforts to notify each Holder in writing (which may be by email) of the information reasonably necessary and customary about the Holder to include such Holder’s Registrable Securities in such Registration Statement. Notwithstanding anything else in this Agreement, the Company shall not be obligated to include such Holder’s Registrable Securities to the extent the Company has not received such information, and received any other reasonably requested and customary agreements or certificates, on or prior to the fifth (5th) business day prior to the first anticipated filing date of a Registration Statement pursuant to this Article II.
 
2.2.          
Demand Registration.

2.2.1          
Request for Registration. Subject to the provisions of Section 2.2.4 and Section 2.4 hereof and provided that the Company does not have an effective Registration Statement pursuant to Section 2.1.1 outstanding covering the Registrable Securities, following the expiration of the Founder Shares Lock-up Period, if applicable, either (a) the Existing Holders of at least a majority-in-interest of the then issued and outstanding number of Registrable Securities held by the Existing Holders or (b) the New Holders of at least a majority-in-interest of the then issued and outstanding number of Registrable Securities held by the New Holders, in each case (the “Demanding Holders”), may make a written demand for Registration under the Securities Act of all or part of their Registrable Securities (a “Demand Registration”). Any demand for a Demand Registration shall specify the number of Registrable Securities proposed to be included in such Registration and the intended method(s) of distribution thereof. The Company shall, within fifteen (15) days of the Company’s receipt of the Demand Registration, notify in writing all other Holders of the demand, and each Holder who wishes to include all or a portion of such Holder’s Registrable Securities in a Registration pursuant to a Demand Registration (each such Holder including shares of Registrable Securities in such Registration, a “Requesting Holder”) shall so notify the Company, in writing within fifteen (15) days after the receipt by the Holder of the notice from the Company. Upon receipt by the Company of any such written notification from a Requesting Holder(s) to the Company, such Requesting Holder(s) shall be entitled to have their Registrable Securities included in the Demand Registration, subject to Section 2.2.4. Under no circumstances shall the Company be obligated to effect more than (x) an aggregate of three (3) Registrations pursuant to a Demand Registration by the Existing Holders under this Section 2.2.1 with respect to any or all Registrable Securities held by such Existing Holders and (y) an aggregate of three (3) Registrations pursuant to a Demand Registration by the New Holders under this Section 2.2.1 with respect to any or all Registrable Securities held by such New Holders.
 
8

 
2.2.2          
Effective Registration. Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 2.2.1 above or any other part of this Agreement, a Registration will not count as a Demand Registration unless and until (i) the Registration Statement filed with the Commission with respect to such Demand Registration has been declared effective by the Commission and (ii) the Company has complied with all of its obligations under this Agreement with respect thereto; provided, however, that if, after such Registration Statement has been declared effective, the offering of Registrable Securities pursuant to a Demand Registration is subsequently interfered with by any stop order or injunction of the Commission, federal or state court, or any other governmental agency or court, the Registration Statement with respect to such Demand Registration will be deemed not to have been declared effective, unless and until, (i) such stop order or injunction is removed, rescinded or otherwise terminated, and (ii) a majority-in-interest of the Demanding Holders thereafter affirmatively elect to continue with such Registration and accordingly notify the Company in writing, but in no event later than five (5) days of such election; provided, further, that the Company shall not be obligated or required to file a second Registration Statement until the Registration Statement that has been previously filed with respect to a Demand Registration becomes effective or is subsequently terminated.
 
2.2.3          
Underwritten Offering. Subject to the provisions of Section 2.2.4 and Section 2.4 hereof, if a majority-in-interest of the Demanding Holders so elect and such Holders so advise the Company as part of their written demand for a Demand Registration that the offering of such Registrable Securities pursuant to such Demand Registration shall be in the form of an Underwritten Offering, then the right of any such Demanding Holder or Requesting Holder (if any) to include its Registrable Securities in such Registration shall be conditioned upon such Holder’s participation in such Underwritten Offering and the inclusion of such Holder’s Registrable Securities in such Underwritten Offering to the extent provided herein. All Demanding Holders proposing to distribute their Registrable Securities through an Underwritten Offering under this Section 2.2.3 shall enter into an underwriting agreement in customary form with the Underwriter(s) selected for such Underwritten Offering by the majority-in-interest of the Demanding Holders initiating the Demand Registration.
 
2.2.4          
Reduction of Underwritten Offering. If the managing Underwriter or Underwriters in an Underwritten Offering pursuant to a Demand Registration, in good faith, advises the Company and the Demanding Holders and the Requesting Holders (if any) in writing that the dollar amount or number of shares of Registrable Securities which the Demanding Holders and the Requesting Holders (if any) desire to sell, taken together with all other shares of Common Stock or other equity securities which the Company desires to sell and the shares of Common Stock, if any, as to which a Registration has been requested pursuant to separate written contractual piggy-back registration rights held by other shareholders of the Company who desire to sell, exceeds the maximum dollar amount or maximum number of equity securities that can be sold in such Underwritten Offering without adversely affecting the proposed offering price, the timing, the distribution method, or the probability of success of such offering (such maximum dollar amount or maximum number of such securities, as applicable, the “Maximum Number of Securities”), then the Company shall include in such Underwritten Offering, as follows: (i) first, the Registrable Securities as to which Demand Registration has been requested by the Demanding Holders and the Requesting Holders (if any) (in each case pro rata based on the respective number of Registrable Securities that each such Demanding Holder and Requesting Holder (if any) has requested be included in such Underwritten Offering (such proportion is referred to herein as “Pro Rata”)) that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Securities; (ii) second, to the extent that the Maximum Number of Securities has not been reached under the foregoing clause (i), the shares of Common Stock or other securities that the Company desires to sell for its own account that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Securities; and (iii) third, to the extent that the Maximum Number of Securities has not been reached under the foregoing clauses (i) and (ii), the shares of Common Stock or other equity securities for the account of other persons or entities that the Company is obligated to register in a Registration pursuant to separate written contractual arrangements with such persons and that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Securities.
9

 
2.2.5          
Demand Registration Withdrawal. If the Demanding Holders or the Requesting Holders (if any) disapprove of the terms of any Underwritten Offering or are not entitled to include all of their Registrable Securities in any Underwritten Offering pursuant to a Registration under Section 2.2.1, such Demanding Holders or Requesting Holders, as applicable, shall have the right to withdraw from such Registration by giving written notice to the Company and the Underwriter or Underwriters (if any) of their request to withdraw from such Registration prior to the effectiveness of the Registration Statement filed with the Commission with respect to such Demand Registration (or in the case of an Underwritten Offering pursuant to Rule 415, at least five (5) business days prior to the time of pricing of the applicable offering). If the Demanding Holders withdraw from a proposed Underwritten Offering relating to a Demand Registration, then such Registration shall not count as a Demand Registration provided for in this Section 2.2.
 

2.3.
Piggyback Registration.
 
2.3.1          
Piggyback Rights. If, at any time on or after the date hereof, the Company proposes to file a Registration Statement under the Securities Act with respect to an offering of equity securities, or securities or other obligations exercisable or exchangeable for, or convertible into, equity securities, by the Company for its own account or for the account of stockholders of the Company (or by the Company and by the stockholders of the Company including, without limitation, pursuant to Section 2.2 hereof), other than a Registration Statement (i) filed in connection with any employee stock option or other benefit plan, (ii) for an exchange offer or offering of securities solely to the Company’s existing stockholders, (iii) for an offering of debt that is convertible into equity securities of the Company, (iv) for a dividend reinvestment plan or (v) for a Block Trade, then the Company shall (x) give written notice of such proposed filing to all of the Holders as soon as practicable but in no event less than ten (10) days before the anticipated filing date of such Registration Statement, which notice shall describe the amount and type of securities to be included in such offering, the intended method(s) of distribution, and the name of the proposed managing Underwriter or Underwriters, if any, in such offering, and (y) offer to all of the Holders in such notice the opportunity to register the sale of such number of shares of Registrable Securities as such Holders may request in writing within five (5) days following receipt of such written notice (such Registration a “Piggyback Registration”). The Company shall, in good faith, cause such Registrable Securities to be included in such Piggyback Registration and shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause the managing Underwriter or Underwriters of a proposed Underwritten Offering to permit the Registrable Securities requested by the Holders pursuant to this subsection 2.3.1 to be included in a Piggyback Registration that is an Underwritten Offering on the same terms and conditions as any similar securities of the Company included in such Registration and to permit the sale or other disposition of such Registrable Securities in accordance with the intended method(s) of distribution thereof. All such Holders proposing to distribute their Registrable Securities through a Piggyback Registration that involves an Underwriter or Underwriters shall enter into an underwriting agreement in customary form with the Underwriter or Underwriters selected for such Piggyback Registration.
 
2.3.2          
Reduction of Offering. If the managing Underwriter or Underwriters for a Piggyback Registration that is to be an Underwritten Offering, in good faith, advises the Company and the Holders in writing that the dollar amount or number of shares of Common Stock which the Company desires to sell, taken together with (i) the Registrable Securities as to which registration has been requested under this Section 2.3, and (ii) the shares of Common Stock, if any, as to which Registration has been requested pursuant to the separate written contractual piggy-back registration rights of other stockholders of the Company, exceeds the Maximum Number of Securities, then:
 
(a)          
if the Registration is undertaken for the Company’s account, the Company shall include in any such Registration: (A) first, the shares of Common Stock or other equity securities that the Company desires to sell that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Securities; (B) second, to the extent that the Maximum Number of Securities has not been reached under the foregoing clause (A), the shares of Common Stock or other securities, if any, comprised of Registrable Securities, as to which Registration has been requested pursuant to Section 2.3.1 hereof, Pro Rata, that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Securities; and (C) third, to the extent that the Maximum Number of Securities has not been reached under the foregoing clauses (A) and (B), shares of Common Stock or other equity securities for the account of other persons that the Company is obliged to register pursuant to written contractual piggy-back registration rights with such persons and that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Securities; and
10

(b)          
if the Registration is a “demand” registration undertaken at the demand of persons or entities other than the Holders, then the Company shall include in any such Registration: (A) first, the shares of Common Stock or other equity securities, if any, for the account of the demanding persons that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Securities; (B) second, to the extent that the Maximum Number of Securities has not been reached under the foregoing clause (A), collectively the shares of Common Stock or other equity securities comprised of Registrable Securities, Pro Rata, as to which Registration has been requested pursuant to Section 2.3.1 hereof, as applicable, that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Securities; (C) third, to the extent that the Maximum Number of Securities has not been reached under the foregoing clauses (A) and (B), the shares of Common Stock or other securities that the Company desires to sell for its own account that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Securities; and (D) fourth, to the extent that the Maximum Number of Securities has not been reached under the foregoing clauses (A), (B) and (C), the shares of Common Stock or other securities for the account of other persons that the Company is obligated to register pursuant to written contractual arrangements with such persons, that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Securities.
 
2.3.3          
Piggyback Registration Withdrawal. Any Holder may elect to withdraw such Holder’s request for inclusion of Registrable Securities in any Piggyback Registration for any or no reason whatsoever by giving written notice to the Company of such request to withdraw at least five (5) business days prior to the effectiveness of the Registration Statement filed with the Commission with respect to such Piggyback Registration (or in the case of an Underwritten Offering pursuant to Rule 415, at least five (5) business days prior to the time of pricing of the applicable offering). The Company (whether on its own good faith determination or as the result of a request for withdrawal by persons making a demand pursuant to separate written contractual obligations) may withdraw a Registration Statement filed with the Commission in connection with a Piggyback Registration at any time prior to the effectiveness of such Registration Statement. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the Company shall be responsible for the Registration Expenses incurred by the Holders in connection with the Piggyback Registration as provided in Section 3.3.
 
2.4.          
Unlimited Piggyback Registration Rights. For purposes of clarity, any Registration effected pursuant to Section 2.3 hereof shall not be counted as a Registration pursuant to a Shelf Underwritten Offering effected under Section 2.1.3 hereof or a Demand Registration effected under Section 2.2 hereof.
 
2.5.          
Restrictions on Registration Rights. If (A) during the period starting with the date sixty (60) days prior to the Company’s good faith estimate of the date of the filing of, and ending on a date one hundred and twenty (120) days after the effective date of, a Company initiated Registration and provided that the Company has delivered written notice to the Holders prior to receipt of a Demand Registration pursuant to Section 2.2.1 and it continues to actively employ, in good faith, all reasonable efforts to cause the applicable Registration Statement to become effective; (B) the Holders have requested an Underwritten Registration and the Company and the Holders are unable to obtain the commitment of an Underwriter or Underwriters to firmly underwrite the offer; or (C) in the good faith judgment of the Board such Registration would be seriously detrimental to the Company and the Board concludes as a result that it is essential to defer the filing of such Registration Statement at such time, then in each case the Company shall furnish to such Holders a certificate signed by the Chairman of the Board stating that in the good faith judgment of the Board it would be seriously detrimental to the Company for such Registration Statement to be filed in the near future and that it is therefore essential to defer the filing of such Registration Statement. In such event, the Company shall have the right to defer such filing for a period of not more than sixty (60) days; provided, however, that the Company shall not defer its obligation in this manner more than twice in any 12-month period.
11


2.6.
Block Trades.
 
2.6.1          
Notwithstanding any other provision of this Article II, but subject to Sections 2.4 and 3.4, at any time and from time to time when an effective Form S-3 Shelf is on file with the Commission, if one or more Demanding Holders desire to effect a Block Trade with a total offering price reasonably expected to exceed, in the aggregate, $100,000,000, then such Demanding Holder(s) shall provide written notice to the Company at least five (5) business days prior to the date such Block Trade will commence. As expeditiously as possible, the Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to facilitate such Block Trade. The applicable Demanding Holders shall use reasonable best efforts to work with the Company and the Underwriter(s) (including by disclosing the maximum number of Registrable Securities proposed to be the subject of such Block Trade) prior to making such request in order to facilitate preparation of the Registration Statement, Prospectus and other offering documentation related to the Block Trade and any related due diligence and comfort procedures.
 
2.6.2          
Prior to the filing of the applicable “red herring” prospectus, prospectus supplement or press release used in connection with a Block Trade, the Demanding Holders initiating such Block Trade shall have the right to withdraw from such Block Trade upon written notification to the Company and the Underwriter or Underwriters (if any) of their intention to withdraw from such Block Trade. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the Company shall be responsible for the Registration Expenses incurred in connection with a Block Trade prior to its withdrawal under this Section 2.6.2.
 
2.6.3          
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, Section 2.3 shall not apply to a Block Trade initiated by a Demanding Holder pursuant to this Agreement.
 
2.6.4          
The Holder(s) in a Block Trade shall have the right to select the Underwriter(s) for such Block Trade (which shall consist of one or more reputable nationally recognized investment banks).
 
2.6.5          
A Demanding Holder in the aggregate may demand no more than two (2) Block Trades pursuant to this Section 2.6 in any twelve (12) month period.
 
ARTICLE III
 
REGISTRATION PROCEDURES
 
3.1.
General Procedures. If at any time the Company is required to effect the Registration of Registrable Securities, the Company shall use its best efforts to effect such Registration to permit the sale of such Registrable Securities in accordance with the intended method(s) of distribution thereof, and pursuant thereto the Company shall, as expeditiously as possible, and in connection with any such request:
12

 
3.1.1          
Filing Registration Statement. The Company shall prepare and file with the Commission as soon as practicable and in any event within forty five (45) calendar days after receipt of a request for an Underwritten Offering a Registration Statement with respect to such Registrable Securities and use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause such Registration Statement to become effective and remain effective until all Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement have been sold;
 
3.1.2          
Amendments and Supplements. The Company shall prepare and file with the Commission such amendments and post-effective amendments to the Registration Statement, and such supplements to the Prospectus, as may be reasonably requested by the Holders or any Underwriter of Registrable Securities or as may be required by the rules, regulations or instructions applicable to the registration form used by the Company or by the Securities Act or rules and regulations thereunder to keep the Registration Statement effective until the earlier of (i) all Registrable Securities covered by such Registration Statement are sold in accordance with the intended plan of distribution set forth in such Registration Statement or supplement to the Prospectus, (ii) all Registrable Securities previously included in such Registration Statement are eligible for resale without volume or manner of sale limitations pursuant to Rule 144 during any 90 day period; or (iii) at any time after the two (2) year anniversary of the Closing, all Registrable Securities previously included in such Registration Statement are eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144 during any 90 day period;
 
3.1.3          
Copies. The Company shall prior to filing a Registration Statement or Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, furnish without charge to the Underwriters, if any, and the Holders of Registrable Securities included in such Registration, and such Holders’ legal counsel, copies of such Registration Statement as proposed to be filed, each amendment and supplement to such Registration Statement (in each case including all exhibits thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein), the Prospectus included in such Registration Statement (including each preliminary Prospectus), and such other documents as the Underwriters and the Holders of Registrable Securities included in such Registration or the legal counsel for any such Holders may reasonably request in order to facilitate the disposition of the Registrable Securities owned by such Holders;
 
3.1.4          
Securities Laws Compliance. Prior to any Underwritten Offering of Registrable Securities, the Company shall use its best efforts to (i) register or qualify the Registrable Securities covered by the Registration Statement under such securities or “blue sky” laws of such jurisdictions in the United States as the Holders of Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement (in light of their intended plan of distribution) may request (or provide evidence satisfactory to such Holders that the Registrable Securities are exempt from such registration or qualification) and (ii) take such action necessary to cause such Registrable Securities covered by the Registration Statement to be registered with or approved by such other governmental authorities or securities exchanges, including but not limited to the New York Stock Exchange, as may be necessary by virtue of the business and operations of the Company and do any and all other acts and things that may be necessary or advisable to enable the Holders of Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement to consummate the disposition of such Registrable Securities in such jurisdictions; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to qualify generally to do business in any jurisdiction where it would not otherwise be required to qualify or take any action to which it would be subject to general service of process or taxation in any such jurisdiction where it is not then otherwise so subject;
 
3.1.5          
Listing. The Company shall cause all such Registrable Securities to be listed on each securities exchange or automated quotation system on which similar securities issued by the Company are then listed;
13

 
3.1.6          
Transfer Agent. The Company shall provide a transfer agent or warrant agent, as applicable, and registrar for all such Registrable Securities no later than the effective date of such Registration Statement;
 
3.1.7          
Notification. After the filing of a Registration Statement, the Company shall promptly, and in no event more than two (2) business days after such filing, notify the Holders whose Registrable Securities are included in such Registration Statement of such filing, and shall further notify such Holders promptly and confirm such advice in writing in all events within two (2) business days of the occurrence of any of the following: (i) when such Registration Statement becomes effective; (ii) when any post-effective amendment to such Registration Statement becomes effective; (iii) the issuance or threatened issuance by the Commission of any stop order (and the Company shall promptly take all actions required to prevent the entry of such stop order or to remove it if entered); and (iv) any request by the Commission for any amendment or supplement to such Registration Statement or any prospectus relating thereto or for additional information or of the occurrence of an event requiring the preparation of a supplement or amendment to such prospectus so that, as thereafter delivered to the purchasers of the securities covered by such Registration Statement, such prospectus will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and promptly make available to the Holders whose Registrable Securities are included in such Registration Statement any such supplement or amendment; except that before filing with the Commission a Registration Statement or prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto, including documents incorporated by reference, the Company shall furnish to the Holders whose Registrable Securities are included in such Registration Statement and to the legal counsel for any such Holders, copies of all such documents proposed to be filed sufficiently in advance of filing to provide such Holders and legal counsel with a reasonable opportunity to review such documents and comment thereon, and the Company shall not file any Registration Statement or prospectus or amendment or supplement thereto, including documents incorporated by reference, to which such Holders or their legal counsel shall reasonably object;
 
3.1.8
Copies of Registration Statement or Prospectus. At least five (5) days prior to the filing of any Registration Statement or Prospectus or any amendment or supplement to such Registration Statement or Prospectus or any document that is to be incorporated by reference into such Registration Statement or Prospectus, the Company shall furnish a copy thereof to each seller of such Registrable Securities or its counsel, including, without limitation, providing copies promptly upon receipt of any comment letters received with respect to any such Registration Statement or Prospectus;
 
3.1.9          
Misstatements. The Company shall notify the Holders at any time when a Prospectus relating to such Registration Statement is required to be delivered under the Securities Act, of the happening of any event as a result of which the Prospectus included in such Registration Statement, as then in effect, includes a Misstatement, and then to correct such Misstatement as set forth in Section 3.4 hereof;
 
3.1.10          
Participation. The Company shall permit a representative of the Holders (such representative to be selected by a majority of the participating Holders), the Underwriters, if any, and any attorney or accountant retained by such Holders or Underwriter to participate, at each such person’s own expense, in the preparation of the Registration Statement, and cause the Company’s officers, directors and employees to supply all information reasonably requested by any such representative, Underwriter, attorney or accountant in connection with the Registration; provided, however, that such representatives or Underwriters enter into a confidentiality agreement, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Company, prior to the release or disclosure of any such information;
14

 
3.1.11
Cold Comfort Letter. The Company shall obtain a “cold comfort” letter from the Company’s independent registered public accountants in the event of an Underwritten Registration which the participating Holders may rely on, in customary form and covering such matters of the type customarily covered by “cold comfort” letters as the managing Underwriter may reasonably request, and reasonably satisfactory to a majority-in-interest of the participating Holders;
 
3.1.12          
Opinion and Negative Assurance Letter. On the date the Registrable Securities are delivered for sale pursuant to such Registration, the Company shall obtain an opinion and negative assurance letter, dated such date, of counsel representing the Company for the purposes of such Registration, addressed to the Holders, the placement agent or sales agent, if any, and the Underwriters, if any, covering such legal matters with respect to the Registration in respect of which such opinion is being given as the Holders, placement agent, sales agent, or Underwriter may reasonably request and as are customarily included in such opinions and negative assurance letters, and reasonably satisfactory to a majority-in-interest of the participating Holders;
 
3.1.13          
Underwriting Agreement. In the event of any Underwritten Offering, enter into and perform its obligations under an underwriting agreement, in usual and customary form, with the managing Underwriter of such offering. The representations, warranties and covenants of the Company in any underwriting agreement which are made to or for the benefit of any Underwriters, to the extent applicable, shall also be made to and for the benefit of the Holders whose Registrable Securities are included in such Registration Statement. No Holder whose Registrable Securities are included in such Registration Statement shall be required to make any representations or warranties in the underwriting agreement except, if applicable, with respect to such Holder’s organization, good standing, authority, title to Registrable Securities, lack of conflict of such sale with such Holder’s material agreements and organizational documents, and with respect to written information relating to such Holder that such Holder has furnished in writing expressly for inclusion in such Registration Statement;
 
3.1.14          
Earnings Statement. The Company shall make available to its security holders, as soon as reasonably practicable, an earnings statement covering the period of at least twelve (12) months beginning with the first day of the Company’s first full calendar quarter after the effective date of the Registration Statement which satisfies the provisions of Section 11(a) of the Securities Act and Rule 158 thereunder (or any successor rule promulgated thereafter by the Commission);
 
3.1.15          
Cooperation. The Company shall ensure that the principal executive officer of the Company, the principal financial officer of the Company, the principal accounting officer of the Company and all other officers and members of the management of the Company shall cooperate fully in any offering of Registrable Securities hereunder, which cooperation shall include, without limitation, the preparation of the Registration Statement with respect to such offering and all other offering materials and related documents, and participation in meetings with Underwriters, attorneys, accountants and potential investors;
 
3.1.16          
Roadshow. If the Registration involves the Registration of Registrable Securities involving gross proceeds in excess of $100,000,000, the Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to make available senior executives of the Company to participate in customary “road show” and analyst or investor presentations and such other selling or other informational meetings organized by the Underwriter that may be reasonably requested by the Underwriter in any Underwritten Offering, with all out of pocket costs and expenses incurred by the Company or such officers in connection with such attendance and participation to be paid by the Company;
 
3.1.17          
FINRA. The Company shall cooperate with each Underwriter participating in the disposition of Registrable Securities in an Underwritten Offering and Underwriters’ counsel in connection with any filings required to be made with The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc., including using commercially reasonable efforts to obtain pre-clearance and pre-approval of the Registration Statement and applicable prospectus upon filing with the Commission, if requested by the Underwriter;
15

3.1.18          
Certificated Securities. The Company shall, in the case of certificated Registrable Securities, cooperate with the Holders and the managing Underwriters to facilitate the timely preparation and delivery of certificates (not bearing any legends) representing Registrable Securities to be sold after receiving written representations from the Holders participating in such offering that the Registrable Securities represented by the certificates so delivered by such Holders will be transferred in accordance with the Registration Statement, and enable such Registrable Securities to be in such denominations and registered in such names as such Holders or managing Underwriters may reasonably request at least two business days prior to any sale of such Registrable Securities; and
 
3.1.19          
Miscellaneous. The Company shall otherwise, in good faith, cooperate reasonably with, and take such customary actions as may reasonably be requested by the Holders, in connection with such Registration, including, without limitation, making available senior executives of the Company to participate in any due diligence sessions that may be reasonably requested by the Underwriter in any Underwritten Offering. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not be required to provide any documents or information to an Underwriter, broker, sales agent or placement agent if such Underwriter, broker, sales agent or placement agent has not then been named with respect to the applicable Underwritten Offering or other offering involving a registration as an Underwriter, broker, sales agent or placement agent, as applicable.
 
3.2.          
Registration Expenses. The Registration Expenses of all Registrations shall be borne by the Company. It is acknowledged by the Holders that the Holders shall bear all incremental selling expenses relating to the sale of Registrable Securities, such as Underwriters’ commissions and discounts, brokerage fees, Underwriter marketing costs and, other than as set forth in the definition of “Registration Expenses,” all reasonable fees and expenses of any legal counsel representing the Holders.
 
3.3.          
Requirements for Participation in Underwritten Offerings. No person or entity may participate in any Underwritten Offering for equity securities of the Company pursuant to a Registration initiated by the Company hereunder unless such person or entity (i) agrees to sell such person’s or entity’s securities on the basis provided in any underwriting arrangements approved by the Company and (ii) completes and executes all customary questionnaires, powers of attorney, indemnities, lock-up agreements, underwriting agreements and other customary documents as may be reasonably required under the terms of such underwriting arrangements.
 
3.4.          
Suspension of Sales; Insider Trading; Adverse Disclosure. Upon receipt of written notice from the Company that a Registration Statement or Prospectus contains a Misstatement, each of the Holders shall forthwith discontinue disposition of Registrable Securities until it has received copies of a supplemented or amended Prospectus correcting the Misstatement (it being understood that the Company hereby covenants to prepare and file such supplement or amendment as soon as practicable after the time of such notice), or until it is advised in writing by the Company that the use of the Prospectus may be resumed. If the filing, initial effectiveness or continued use of a Registration Statement in respect of any Registration at any time would (a) require the Company to make an Adverse Disclosure, (b) require the inclusion in such Registration Statement of financial statements that are unavailable to the Company for reasons beyond the Company’s control, or (c) or (c) in the good faith judgment of the majority of the Board such Registration, be seriously detrimental to the Company and the majority of the Board concludes as a result that it is essential to defer such filing, initial effectiveness or continued use at such time, the Company may, upon giving prompt written notice of such action to the Holders, delay the filing or initial effectiveness of, or suspend use of, such Registration Statement for the shortest period of time, but in no event more than sixty (60) days, determined in good faith by the Company to be necessary for such purpose, provided such period may be extended for an additional sixty (60) days with the consent of a majority-in-interest of the holders of Registrable Securities, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld; provided further, that such right to suspend the use of a Registration Statement shall be exercised by the Company not more than twice in any twelve (12) month period. In the event the Company exercises its rights under the preceding sentence, the Holders agree to suspend, immediately upon their receipt of the notice referred to above, their use of the Prospectus relating to any Registration in connection with any sale or offer to sell Registrable Securities. The Company shall immediately notify the Holders of the expiration of any period during which it exercised its rights under this Section 3.4. The Holders agree that, except as required by applicable law, the Holders shall treat as confidential the receipt of written notice from the Company under this Section 3.4 (provided that in no event shall such notice contain any material nonpublic information of the Company) and shall not disclose or use the information contained in such written notice without the prior written consent of the Company until such time as the information contained therein is or becomes public, other than as a result of disclosure by a holder of Registrable Securities in breach of this Agreement.
16

3.5.          
Reporting Obligations. As long as any Holder shall own Registrable Securities, the Company, at all times while it shall be a reporting company under the Exchange Act, covenants to file timely (or obtain extensions in respect thereof and file within the applicable grace period) all reports required to be filed by the Company after the date hereof pursuant to Sections 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act and to promptly furnish the Holders with true and complete copies of all such filings; provided that any documents publicly filed or furnished with the Commission pursuant to the Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval System shall be deemed to have been furnished or delivered to the Holders pursuant to this Section 3.5. The Company further covenants that it shall take such further action as any Holder may reasonably request, all to the extent required from time to time to enable such Holder to sell shares of Common Stock held by such Holder without registration under the Securities Act within the limitation of the exemptions provided by Rule 144, including providing any legal opinions. Upon the request of any Holder, the Company shall deliver to such Holder a written certification of a duly authorized officer as to whether it has complied with such requirements.
 
3.6.          
Information. The Holders shall provide such information as may reasonably be requested by the Company, or the managing Underwriter, if any, in connection with the preparation of any Registration Statement, including amendments and supplements thereto, in order to effect the Registration of any Registrable Securities under the Securities Act pursuant to Section 2 and in connection with the Company’s obligation to comply with federal and applicable state securities laws in connection therewith.
 
ARTICLE IV
 
INDEMNIFICATION AND CONTRIBUTION
 

4.1.
Indemnification.
 
4.1.1          
Indemnification by the Company. The Company agrees to indemnify, to the extent permitted by law, each Holder of Registrable Securities, each of their respective officers, employees, affiliates, and directors, partners, members, attorneys and agents, and each person, if any, who controls such Holder (within the meaning of the Securities Act) (each, a “Holder Indemnified Party”) against all losses, judgments, claims, damages, liabilities or expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees) (each, a “Loss”), whether joint or several, arising out of or based upon any untrue or alleged untrue statement of material fact contained in any Registration Statement, Prospectus or preliminary Prospectus or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto or any omission or alleged omission of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, or any violation by the Company of the Securities Act or any rule or regulation promulgated thereunder applicable to the Company and relating to action or inaction required of the Company in connection with any such Registration; and the Company shall promptly reimburse the Holder Indemnified Party for any legal and any other expenses reasonably incurred by such Holder Indemnified Party in connection with investigating and defending any such Loss; provided, however, that the Company will not be liable in any such case to the extent that any such Loss arises out of or is based upon any untrue statement or allegedly untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in such Registration Statement, Prospectus or preliminary Prospectus, or any such amendment or supplement, in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished to the Company, in writing, by such selling Holder expressly for use therein. The Company shall indemnify the Underwriters, their officers, affiliates, and directors, partners, members and agents and each person who controls such Underwriters (within the meaning of the Securities Act) to the same extent as provided in the foregoing with respect to the indemnification of the Holder Indemnified Parties.
17

4.1.2          
Indemnification by Holders. In connection with any Registration Statement in which a Holder of Registrable Securities is participating, such Holder shall furnish to the Company in writing such information and affidavits as the Company reasonably requests for use in connection with any such Registration Statement or Prospectus (the “Holder Information”) and, to the extent permitted by law, shall indemnify the Company, its directors and officers and agents and each person who controls the Company (within the meaning of the Securities Act) against any Loss resulting from any untrue statement of material fact contained in the Registration Statement, Prospectus or preliminary Prospectus or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto or any omission of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, but only to the extent that such untrue statement or omission is contained in any information or affidavit so furnished in writing by such Holder expressly for use therein; provided, however, that the obligation to indemnify shall be several, not joint and several, among such Holders of Registrable Securities, and the liability of each such Holder of Registrable Securities shall be in proportion to and limited to the net proceeds received by such Holder from the sale of Registrable Securities pursuant to such Registration Statement. The Holders of Registrable Securities shall indemnify the Underwriters, their officers, directors and each person who controls such Underwriters (within the meaning of the Securities Act) to the same extent as provided in the foregoing with respect to indemnification of the Company.
 
4.1.3          
Conduct of Indemnification Proceedings. Any person entitled to indemnification herein shall (i) give prompt written notice to the indemnifying party of any claim with respect to which it seeks indemnification (provided that the failure to give prompt notice shall not impair any person’s right to indemnification hereunder to the extent such failure has not materially prejudiced the indemnifying party) and (ii) unless in such indemnified party’s reasonable judgment a conflict of interest between such indemnified and indemnifying parties may exist with respect to such claim, permit such indemnifying party to assume the defense of such claim with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party. If such defense is assumed, the indemnifying party shall not be subject to any liability for any settlement made by the indemnified party without its consent (but such consent shall not be unreasonably delayed or withheld). An indemnifying party who is not entitled to, or elects not to, assume the defense of a claim shall not be obligated to pay the fees and expenses of more than one counsel for all parties indemnified by such indemnifying party with respect to such claim, unless in the reasonable judgment of any indemnified party a conflict of interest may exist between such indemnified party and any other of such indemnified parties with respect to such claim. No indemnifying party shall, without the consent of the indemnified party, consent to the entry of any judgment or enter into any settlement which cannot be settled in all respects by the payment of money (and such money is so paid by the indemnifying party pursuant to the terms of such settlement) or which settlement does not include as an unconditional term thereof the giving by the claimant or plaintiff to such indemnified party of a release from all liability in respect to such claim or litigation.
18

 
4.1.4          
Survival. The indemnification provided for under this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of the indemnified party or any officer, director or controlling person of such indemnified party and shall survive the transfer of securities. The Company and each Holder of Registrable Securities participating in an offering also agrees to make such provisions as are reasonably requested by any indemnified party for contribution to such party in the event the Company’s or such Holder’s indemnification is unavailable for any reason.
 
4.1.5          
Contribution. If the indemnification provided under Section 4.1 hereof from the indemnifying party is unavailable or insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified party in respect of any Loss referred to herein, then the indemnifying party, in lieu of indemnifying the indemnified party, shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by the indemnified party as a result of such Loss in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative fault of the indemnifying party and the indemnified party, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative fault of the indemnifying party and indemnified party shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether any action in question, including any untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission to state a material fact, was made by, or relates to information supplied by, such indemnifying party or indemnified party, and the indemnifying party’s and indemnified party’s relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such action; provided, however, that the liability of any Holder under this subsection 4.1.5 shall be limited to the amount of the net proceeds received by such Holder in such offering giving rise to such liability. The amount paid or payable by a party as a result of the losses or other liabilities referred to above shall be deemed to include, subject to the limitations set forth in subsections 4.1.1, 4.1.2 and 4.1.3 above, any legal or other fees, charges or expenses reasonably incurred by such party in connection with any investigation or proceeding. The parties hereto agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this subsection 4.1.5 were determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation, which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to in this subsection 4.1.5. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution pursuant to this subsection 4.1.5 from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.
 
ARTICLE V
 
MISCELLANEOUS
 
5.1.          
Notices. Any notice or communication under this Agreement must be in writing and given by (i) deposit in the United States mail, addressed to the party to be notified, postage prepaid and registered or certified with return receipt requested, (ii) delivery in person or by courier service providing evidence of delivery, or (iii) transmission by hand delivery, electronic mail, telecopy, telegram or facsimile. Each notice or communication that is mailed, delivered, or transmitted in the manner described above shall be deemed sufficiently given, served, sent, and received, in the case of mailed notices, on the third business day following the date on which it is mailed and, in the case of notices delivered by courier service, hand delivery, electronic mail, telecopy, telegram or facsimile, at such time as it is delivered to the addressee (with the delivery receipt or the affidavit of messenger) or at such time as delivery is refused by the addressee upon presentation. Any notice or communication under this Agreement must be addressed, if to the Company, to:        , Attn:, email:        , with a copy to the Company’s counsel at: David Peinsipp, Kristin VanderPas and Garth Osterman, 101 California Street, 5th Floor, San Francisco, CA 94111, or if to any Holder, to such Holder’s address or facsimile number as set forth in the Company’s books and records or the signature pages hereto. Any party may change its address for notice at any time and from time to time by written notice to the other parties hereto, and such change of address shall become effective thirty (30) days after delivery of such notice as provided in this Section 5.1.
19

 

5.2.
Assignment; No Third Party Beneficiaries.
 
5.2.1          
This Agreement and the rights, duties and obligations of the Company hereunder may not be assigned or delegated by the Company in whole or in part.
 
5.2.2          
Prior to the expiration of the Founder Shares Lock-up Period, if applicable, no Existing Holder may assign or delegate such Holder’s rights, duties or obligations under this Agreement, in whole or in part, except in connection with a transfer of Registrable Securities by such Holder to a Permitted Transferee but only if such Permitted Transferee agrees to become bound by the transfer restrictions set forth in this Agreement, the Warrant Agreement or any other applicable letter agreements between the Company and such Holder. Notwithstanding and without prejudice to the foregoing, the rights under this Agreement may be assigned (but only with all related obligations) by a Holder to a transferee of Registrable Securities that is an affiliate (which includes any person who, directly or indirectly, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with such Holder, including without limitation any general partner, managing member, officer or director of such Holder or any venture capital or private equity fund now or hereafter existing that is controlled by one or more general partners or managing members of, or shares the same management company or advisor with, such Holder, where “control” means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct the management and policies of a person whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise) of such Holder. The terms and conditions of this Agreement inure to the benefit of and are binding upon the respective successors and permitted assigns of the parties. Nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to confer upon any party other than the parties hereto or their respective successors and permitted assignees any rights, remedies, obligations or liabilities under or by reason of this Agreement, except as expressly provided herein.
 
5.2.3          
This Agreement and the provisions hereof shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of each of the parties and its successors and the permitted assigns of the Holders, which shall include Permitted Transferees. For the avoidance of doubt, any entity or person into which a Holder may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any entity or person resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which a Holder shall be a party, shall be the successor of such Holder hereunder.
 
5.2.4          
This Agreement shall not confer any rights or benefits on any persons that are not parties hereto, other than as expressly set forth in this Agreement and Section 5.2 hereof.
 
5.2.5          
No assignment by any party hereto of such party’s rights, duties and obligations hereunder shall be binding upon or obligate the Company unless and until the Company shall have received (i) written notice of such assignment as provided in Section 5.1 hereof and (ii) the written agreement of the assignee, in a form reasonably satisfactory to the Company, to be bound by the terms and provisions of this Agreement (which may be accomplished by an addendum or certificate of joinder to this Agreement). Any transfer or assignment made other than as provided in this Section 5.2 shall be null and void.
 
5.3.          
Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in multiple counterparts (including facsimile or PDF counterparts), each of which shall be deemed an original, and all of which together shall constitute the same instrument, but only one of which need be produced.
 
5.4.          
Governing Law; Venue. NOTWITHSTANDING THE PLACE WHERE THIS AGREEMENT MAY BE EXECUTED BY ANY OF THE PARTIES HERETO, THE PARTIES EXPRESSLY AGREE THAT THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED UNDER THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK AS APPLIED TO AGREEMENTS AMONG NEW YORK RESIDENTS ENTERED INTO AND TO BE PERFORMED ENTIRELY WITHIN NEW YORK, WITHOUT REGARD TO THE CONFLICT OF LAW PROVISIONS OF SUCH JURISDICTION. ANY LEGAL SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR BASED UPON THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY MAY BE INSTITUTED IN THE FEDERAL COURTS OF THE UNITED STATES OR THE COURTS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK IN EACH CASE LOCATED IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK, AND EACH PARTY IRREVOCABLY SUBMITS TO THE EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF SUCH COURTS IN ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING AND HERETO ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT ANY CONTROVERSY WHICH MAY ARISE UNDER THIS AGREEMENT IS LIKELY TO INVOLVE COMPLICATED AND DIFFICULT ISSUES, AND, THEREFORE, EACH SUCH PARTY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY WAIVES TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT SUCH PARTY MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN RESPECT TO ANY ACTION DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF, UNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED BY THIS AGREEMENT.
20

5.5.          
Amendments and Modifications. Upon the written consent of the Company and the Holders of at least a majority-in-interest of the Registrable Securities at the time in question, compliance with any of the provisions, covenants and conditions set forth in this Agreement may be waived, or any of such provisions, covenants or conditions may be amended or modified; provided, however, that notwithstanding the foregoing, any amendment hereto or waiver hereof that adversely affects one or more Holders in a manner that is materially different from other Holders shall require the consent of the Holder(s) so affected. No course of dealing between any Holder or the Company and any other party hereto or any failure or delay on the part of a Holder or the Company in exercising any rights or remedies under this Agreement shall operate as a waiver of any rights or remedies of any Holder or the Company. No single or partial exercise of any rights or remedies under this Agreement by a party shall operate as a waiver or preclude the exercise of any other rights or remedies hereunder or thereunder by such party.
 
5.6.          
Other Registration Rights. The Company represents and warrants that no person, other than a Holder of Registrable Securities, has any right to require the Company to register any Registrable Securities of the Company for sale or to include such Registrable Securities of the Company in any Registration filed by the Company for the sale of securities for its own account or for the account of any other person. Further, the Company represents and warrants that this Agreement supersedes any other registration rights agreement or agreement with similar terms and conditions and in the event of a conflict between any such agreement or agreements and this Agreement, the terms of this Agreement shall prevail.
 
5.7.          
Term. This Agreement shall terminate upon the earlier of (i) the tenth anniversary of the date of this Agreement or (ii) the date as of which (A) all of the Registrable Securities have been sold pursuant to a Registration Statement (but in no event prior to the applicable period referred to in Section 4(a)(3) of the Securities Act and Rule 174 thereunder (or any successor rule promulgated thereafter by the Commission)) or (B) the Holders of all Registrable Securities are permitted to sell the Registrable Securities under Rule 144 (or any similar provision) under the Securities Act without limitation on the amount of securities sold or the manner of sale. The provisions of Section 3.5 and Article IV shall survive any termination.
 
5.8.          
Specific Performance. Each party hereto hereby agrees and acknowledges that it will be impossible to measure in money the damages that would be suffered if the parties fail to comply with any of the obligations imposed on them by this Agreement (including the failure to take such actions as are required of them under this Agreement) and that, in the event of any such failure, an aggrieved party will be irreparably damaged and will not, even if available, have an adequate remedy at law. Any such party shall, therefore, be entitled (in addition to any other remedy to which such party may be entitled at law or in equity) to injunctive relief, specific performance, or other equitable relief to prevent breaches of this Agreement and to enforce such obligations, without the posting of any bond or other security and without proof of damages, this being in addition to any other remedy to which they are entitled under this Agreement, and if any Action should be brought in equity to enforce any of the provisions of this Agreement, none of the parties shall oppose the granting of specific performance and other equitable relief on the basis that the other parties have an adequate remedy at law. Further, each party agrees and acknowledges that the right of specific enforcement is an integral part of this Agreement and without that right, none of the parties would have entered into this Agreement.
21

5.9.          
Additional Holders; Joinder. In addition to persons or entities who may become Holders pursuant to Section 5.2 hereof, subject to the prior written consent of a majority of the Registrable Securities, the Company may make any person or entity who acquires Common Stock or rights to acquire Common Stock after the date hereof a party to this Agreement (each such person or entity, an “Additional Holder”) by obtaining an executed joinder to this Agreement from such Additional Holder in the form of Exhibit A attached hereto (a “Joinder”). Such Joinder shall specify the rights and obligations of the applicable Additional Holder under this Agreement. Upon the execution and delivery and subject to the terms of a Joinder by such Additional Holder, the Common Stock then owned, or underlying any rights then owned, by such Additional Holder (the “Additional Holder Common Stock”) shall be Registrable Securities to the extent provided herein and therein and such Additional Holder shall be a Holder under this Agreement with respect to such Additional Holder Common Stock.
 
5.10.          
Aggregation of Stock. All shares of Registrable Securities held or acquired by affiliates shall be aggregated together for the purpose of determining the availability of any rights under this Agreement and such affiliated persons may apportion such rights as among themselves in any manner they deem appropriate.
 
 
[Signature Page Follows]
22

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have caused this Agreement to be executed as of the date first written above.
 
 
COMPANY:
 
GRINDR INC.
 

 
By: 
/s/ George Arison
 
 
Name: 
George Arison
 
 
Title: 
Chief Executive Officer

 
TIGA SVH INVESTMENTS LIMITED
 

 
By: 
/s/ G. Raymond Zage, III
 
 
Name: 
G. Raymond Zage, III
 
 
Title: 
Director
 
 
SPONSOR:
 
TIGA SPONSOR LLC
 

 
By: 
/s/ G. Raymond Zage, III
 
 
Name: 
G. Raymond Zage, III
 
 
Title: 
Member

 
EXISTING HOLDERS:
 
G. RAYMOND ZAGE, III
 

 
By: 
/s/ G. Raymond Zage, III
 
 
Name: 
G. Raymond Zage, III
 
 
Title: 
Chief Executive Officer

 
TIGA INVESTMENTS PTE. LTD.
 

 
By: 
/s/ G. Raymond Zage, III
 
 
Name: 
G. Raymond Zage, III
 
 
Title: 
Director

 
DAVID RYAN
 

 
By: 
/s/ David Ryan
 
 
Name: 
David Ryan

 
ASHISH GUPTA
 

 
By: 
/s/ Ashish Gupta
 
 
Name: 
Ashish Gupta

 
CARMAN WONG
 

 
By: 
/s/ Carman Wong
 
 
Name: 
Carman Wong

 
NEW HOLDER:
 
Longview Capital SVH LLC
 

 
By: 
/s/ James Lu
 
 
Name: 
James Lu
 
 
Title: 
Manager

 
NEW HOLDER:
 
Longview Capital Holdings LLC
 

 
By: 
/s/ James Lu
 
 
Name: 
James Lu
 
 
Title: 
Manager

 
BEN FALLOON
 

 
By: 
/s/ Ben Falloon
 
 
Name: 
Ben Falloon

 
NEW HOLDERS:
 
KAG INVESTMENTS PTE. LTD.
 

 
By: 
/s/ Ashish Gupta
 
 
Name: 
Ashish Gupta
 
 
Title: 
Director

 
NEW HOLDER:
 
28th Street Ventures, LLC
 

 
By: 
/s/ Michael Gearon
 
 
Name: 
Michael Gearon
 
 
Title: 
Manager

 
NEW HOLDER:
 

 
By: 
/s/ Jeffrey Bonforte
 
 
Name: 
Jeffrey Bonforte

 
NEW HOLDER:
 
Brown Dog Capital LLC
 

 
By: 
/s/ Jeffrey Bonforte
 
 
Name: 
Jeffrey Bonforte
 
 
Title: 
Managing Member

 
NEW HOLDER:
 
Longview Capital, LLC
 

 
By: 
/s/ James Lu
 
 
Name: 
James Lu
 
 
Title: 
Manager

 
NEW HOLDER:
 

 
By: 
/s/ Gary Hsueh
 
 
Name: 
Gary Hsueh

 
NEW HOLDER:
 
Sierra Goliath LLC
 

 
By: 
/s/ Gary Hsueh
 
 
Name: 
Gary Hsueh
 
 
Title: 
Managing Member

 
NEW HOLDER:
 

 
By: 
/s/ Michael Gearon
 
 
Name: 
Michael Gearon

 
NEW HOLDER:
 
Catapult GP II LLC
 

 
By: 
/s/ Gary Hsueh
 
 
Name: 
Gary Hsueh
 
 
Title: 
Manager

 
NEW HOLDER:
 

 
By: 
/s/ James Fu Bin Lu
 
 
Name: 
James Fu Bin Lu

[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]

Exhibit A
 
REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT JOINDER
 
The undersigned is executing and delivering this joinder (this “Joinder”) pursuant to the Amended and Restated Registration and Stockholder Rights Agreement, dated as of          , 2022 (as the same may hereafter be amended, the “A&R Registration Rights Agreement”), among Grindr Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), formerly known as Tiga Acquisition Corp., a Cayman Islands exempted company, Tiga Sponsor LLC, a Cayman Islands limited liability company, and the other persons or entities named as parties therein. Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings provided in the A&R Registration Rights Agreement.
 
By executing and delivering this Joinder to the Company, and upon acceptance hereof by the Company upon the execution of a counterpart hereof, the undersigned hereby agrees to become a party to, to be bound by, and to comply with the A&R Registration Rights Agreement as a Holder of Registrable Securities in the same manner as if the undersigned were an original signatory to the A&R Registration Rights Agreement, and the undersigned’s shares of Common Stock shall be included as Registrable Securities under the A&R Registration Rights Agreement to the extent provided therein.
 
Accordingly, the undersigned has executed and delivered this Joinder as of the          day of          , 2022.
 
 
By: 
 
 
 
Name: 
 
 
 
Title: 
 
 
Agreed and accepted as of the          day of          , 2022.
 
GRINDR INC.
 

 
By: 

 
 
Name: 

 
  Title: 
   


Exhibit B

LIST OF HOLDERS
 

1.
James Fu Bin Lu
 

2.
Catapult GP II LLC
 

3.
Gary C. Hsueh
 

4.
Sierra Goliath LLC
 

5.
Jeffrey C. Bonforte
 

6.
Brown Dog Capital LLC
 

7.
Tiga SVH Investments Limited
 

8.
Tiga Investments Pte. Ltd.
 

9.
G. Raymond Zage, III
 

10.
J. Michael Gearon, Jr.
 

11.
28th Street Ventures, LLC
 

12.
Ashish Gupta
 

13.
KAG Investments Pte Ltd
 

14.
David Ryan
 

15.
Carman Wong
 

16.
Longview Capital, LLC
 

17.
Longview Capital SVH LLC


18.
Longview Capital Holdings LLC



Exhibit 10.2

GRINDR INC.

INDEMNIFICATION AGREEMENT

This Indemnification Agreement (this Agreement) is dated as of ______________ and is between Grindr Inc., a Delaware corporation (the Company), and ______________ (Indemnitee).

Recitals


A.
Indemnitees service to the Company substantially benefits the Company.

B.          Individuals are reluctant to serve as directors or officers of corporations or in certain other capacities unless they are provided with adequate protection through insurance or indemnification against the risks of claims and actions against them arising out of such service.

C.          Indemnitee does not regard the protection currently provided by applicable law, the Companys governing documents and any insurance as adequate under the present circumstances, and Indemnitee may not be willing to serve as a director or officer without additional protection.

D.          In order to induce Indemnitee to continue to provide services to the Company, it is reasonable, prudent and necessary for the Company to contractually obligate itself to indemnify, and to advance expenses on behalf of, Indemnitee as permitted by applicable law.

E.          This Agreement is a supplement to and in furtherance of the indemnification provided in the Companys certificate of incorporation and bylaws, and any resolutions adopted pursuant thereto, and this Agreement shall not be deemed a substitute therefor, nor shall this Agreement be deemed to limit, diminish or abrogate any rights of Indemnitee thereunder.

Agreement

The parties agree as follows:


1.
Definitions.

(a)          Affiliate” shall mean, with respect to any Person, any other Person that directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, such Person.

(b)          Beneficial Owner” shall have the meaning given to such term in Rule 13d-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; provided, however, that “Beneficial Owner” shall exclude any Person otherwise becoming a Beneficial Owner solely by reason of (i) the stockholders of the Company approving a merger of the Company with another Person, or entering into tender or support agreements relating thereto, provided such merger was approved by the Company’s board of directors, or (ii) the Company’s board of directors approving a sale of securities by the Company to such Person.

(c)          A Change in Control shall be deemed to occur upon the earliest to occur after the date of this Agreement of any of the following events:

(i)          Acquisition of Stock by Third Party.  Any Person (as defined below) (other than San Vicente Holdings LLC and its Affiliates  becomes the Beneficial Owner, directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing 20%  or more of the combined voting power of the Companys then outstanding securities;
1


(ii)          Change in Board Composition.  During any period of two consecutive years (not including any period prior to the execution of this Agreement), individuals who at the beginning of such period constituted the Companys board of directors and any Approved Directors cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of the members of the Companys board of directors.  Approved Directors means new directors (other than a director designated by a person who has entered into an agreement with the Company to effect a transaction described in Sections 1(b)(i), 1(b)(iii) or 1(b)(iv)) whose election or nomination by the board of directors (or, if applicable, by the Company’s stockholders) was approved by a vote of at least two thirds of the directors then still in office who either were directors at the beginning of such two-year period or whose election or nomination for election was previously so approved;

(iii)          Corporate Transactions.  The effective date of a merger or consolidation of the Company with any other entity, other than a merger or consolidation that would result in the voting securities of the Company outstanding immediately prior to such merger or consolidation continuing to represent (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into voting securities of the surviving entity) more than 50% of the combined voting power of the voting securities of the surviving entity outstanding immediately after such merger or consolidation and with the power to elect a majority of the board of directors or other governing body of such surviving entity; or

(iv)          Liquidation.  The approval by the Company’s board of directors of a complete liquidation or the dissolution of the Company or an agreement for the sale, lease or disposition by the Company of all or substantially all of the Companys assets; or

(v)          Other Events.  Any other event of a nature that would be required to be reported in response to Item 6(e) of Schedule 14A of Regulation 14A (or in response to any similar item on any similar schedule or form) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, whether or not the Company is then subject to such reporting requirement.

(d)          Corporate Status describes the status of a person who is or was a director, trustee, general partner, managing member, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary of the Company or any other Enterprise.

(e)          DGCL means the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.

(f)          Disinterested Director means a director of the Company who is not and was not a party to the Proceeding in respect of which indemnification is sought by Indemnitee.

(g)          Enterprise means the Company and any other corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise of which Indemnitee is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, trustee, general partner, managing member, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary.

(h)          Expenses include all reasonable and actually incurred attorneys fees, retainers, court costs, transcript costs, fees and costs of experts, witness fees, travel expenses, duplicating costs, printing and binding costs, telephone charges, postage, delivery service fees, and all other disbursements or expenses of the types customarily incurred in connection with prosecuting, defending, preparing to prosecute or defend, investigating, being or preparing to be a witness in, or otherwise participating in, a Proceeding.  Expenses also include (i) Expenses incurred in connection with any appeal resulting from any Proceeding, including without limitation the premium, security for, and other costs relating to any cost bond, supersede as bond or other appeal bond or their equivalent, and (ii) for purposes of Section 13(d), Expenses incurred by Indemnitee in connection with the interpretation, enforcement or defense of Indemnitees rights under this Agreement or under any directors and officers liability insurance policies maintained by the Company.  Expenses, however, shall not include amounts paid in settlement by Indemnitee or the amount of judgments or fines against Indemnitee.
2


(i)          Independent Counsel means a law firm, or a partner or member of a law firm, that is experienced in matters of corporation law and neither presently is, nor in the past five years has been, retained to represent (i) the Company, any Enterprise or Indemnitee in any matter material to any such party (other than as Independent Counsel with respect to matters concerning Indemnitee under this Agreement, or other indemnitees under similar indemnification agreements), or (ii) any other party to the Proceeding giving rise to a claim for indemnification hereunder.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the term Independent Counsel shall not include any person who, under the applicable standards of professional conduct then prevailing, would have a conflict of interest in representing either the Company or Indemnitee in an action to determine Indemnitees rights under this Agreement.

(j)          Person shall have the meaning set forth in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; provided, however, that Person shall exclude (i) the Company, (ii) any trustee or other fiduciary holding securities under an employee benefit plan of the Company, and (iii) any corporation owned, directly or indirectly, by the stockholders of the Company in substantially the same proportions as their ownership of stock of the Company.

(k)          Proceeding means any threatened, pending or completed action, suit, arbitration, mediation, alternate dispute resolution mechanism, investigation, inquiry, administrative hearing or proceeding, whether brought in the right of the Company or otherwise and whether of a civil, criminal, administrative or investigative nature, whether formal or informal, including any appeal therefrom and including without limitation any such Proceeding pending as of the date of this Agreement, in which Indemnitee was, is or will be involved as a party, a potential party, a non-party witness or otherwise by reason of (i) the fact that Indemnitee is or was a director or officer of the Company, (ii) any action taken by Indemnitee or any action or inaction on Indemnitees part while acting as a director or officer of the Company, or (iii) the fact that they are or were serving at the request of the Company as a director, trustee, general partner, managing member, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary of the Company or any other Enterprise, in each case whether or not serving in such capacity at the time any liability or Expense is incurred for which indemnification or advancement of expenses can be provided under this Agreement.

(l)          to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law” means to the fullest extent permitted by all applicable laws, including without limitation:  (i) the fullest extent permitted by DGCL as of the date of this Agreement and (ii) the fullest extent authorized or permitted by any amendments to or replacements of the DGCL adopted after the date of this Agreement that increase the extent to which a corporation may indemnify its officers and directors.

(m)          In connection with any Proceeding relating to an employee benefit plan: references to fines shall include any excise taxes assessed on a person with respect to any employee benefit plan; references to serving at the request of the Company shall include any service as a director, officer, employee or agent of the Company which imposes duties on, or involves services by, such director, officer, employee or agent with respect to an employee benefit plan, its participants or beneficiaries; and a person who acted in good faith and in a manner they reasonably believed to be in the best interests of the participants and beneficiaries of an employee benefit plan shall be deemed to have acted in a manner not opposed to the best interests of the Company as referred to in this Agreement.

2.          Indemnity in Third-Party ProceedingsThe Company shall indemnify Indemnitee in accordance with the provisions of this Section 2 if Indemnitee is, or is threatened to be made, a party to or witness or other participant in any Proceeding, other than a Proceeding by or in the right of the Company to procure a judgment in its favor.  Pursuant to this Section 2, Indemnitee shall be indemnified to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law against all Expenses, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee or on their behalf in connection with such Proceeding or any claim, issue or matter therein. The parties hereto intend that this Agreement shall provide to the fullest extent permitted by law for indemnification in excess of that expressly permitted by statute, including, without limitation, any indemnification provided by the Company’s certificate of incorporation or bylaws, vote of the Company’s stockholders or disinterested directors or applicable law.
3


3.          Indemnity in Proceedings by or in the Right of the CompanyThe Company shall indemnify Indemnitee in accordance with the provisions of this Section 3 if Indemnitee is, or is threatened to be made, a party to or a witness or other participant in any Proceeding by or in the right of the Company to procure a judgment in its favor.  Pursuant to this Section 3, Indemnitee shall be indemnified to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law against all Expenses incurred by Indemnitee or on their behalf in connection with such Proceeding or any claim, issue or matter therein. No indemnification for Expenses shall be made under this Section 3 in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which Indemnitee shall have been finally adjudged by a court to be liable to the Company, unless and only to the extent that the Delaware Court of Chancery or any court in which the Proceeding was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, Indemnitee is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnification.

4.          Indemnification for Expenses of a Party Who is Wholly or Partly Successful.  Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, in circumstances where indemnification is not available under Section 2 or 3, as the case may be, to the fullest extent permitted by law to the extent that Indemnitee is a party to, or participant in, and is successful (on the merits or otherwise) in defense of, any Proceeding or any claim, issue or matter therein, the Company shall indemnify Indemnitee against all Expenses incurred by Indemnitee or on Indemnitees behalf in connection therewith.  For purposes of this Section 4, the termination of any claim, issue or matter in such a Proceeding by dismissal, with or without prejudice, shall be deemed to be a successful result as to such claim, issue or matter.

5.          Indemnification for Expenses of a Witness. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law and to the extent that Indemnitee is, by reason of Indemnitee’s Corporate Status, a witness, is or was made (or asked) to respond to discovery requests in any Proceeding, or otherwise asked to participate in any Proceeding to which Indemnitee is not a party, Indemnitee shall be indemnified against all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee or on Indemnitee’s behalf in connection therewith.

6.          Partial IndemnificationIf Indemnitee is entitled under any provision of this Agreement to indemnification by the Company for some or a portion of Expenses, but not, however, for the total amount thereof, the Company shall nevertheless indemnify Indemnitee for the portion thereof to which Indemnitee is entitled.


7.
Additional Indemnification.

(a)          Notwithstanding any limitation in Sections 2, 3, or 4, the Company shall indemnify Indemnitee to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law if Indemnitee is, or is threatened to be made, a party to or a participant in any Proceeding (including a Proceeding by or in the right of the Company to procure a judgment in its favor) by reason of Indemnitee’s Corporate Status;

(b)          For purposes of Section 7(a), the meaning of the phrase “to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law” shall include, but not be limited to:

(i)          to the fullest extent permitted by the provision of the DGCL that authorizes or contemplates additional indemnification by agreement, or the corresponding provision of any amendment to or replacement of the DGCL, and

(ii)          to the fullest extent authorized or permitted by any amendments to or replacements of the DGCL adopted after the date of this Agreement that increase the extent to which a corporation may indemnify its officers and directors.

8.          ExclusionsNotwithstanding any provision in this Agreement, the Company shall not be obligated under this Agreement to make any indemnity in connection with any Proceeding (or any part of any Proceeding):

(a)          for which payment has actually been made to or on behalf of Indemnitee under any statute, insurance policy, indemnity provision, vote or otherwise, except with respect to any excess beyond the amount paid;
4


(b)          for an accounting or disgorgement of profits pursuant to Section 16(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or similar provisions of federal, state or local statutory law or common law, if Indemnitee is held liable therefor (including pursuant to any settlement arrangements);

(c)          for any reimbursement of the Company by Indemnitee of (i) any bonus or other incentive-based or equity-based compensation or of any profits realized by Indemnitee from the sale of securities of the Company, as required in each case under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (including any such reimbursements that arise from an accounting restatement of the Company pursuant to Section 304 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the Sarbanes-Oxley Act), or the payment to the Company of profits arising from the purchase and sale by Indemnitee of securities in violation of Section 306 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act), if Indemnitee is held liable therefor (including pursuant to any settlement arrangements) or (ii) any compensation pursuant to any compensation recoupment or clawback policy adopted by the Board or the compensation committee of the Board, including but not limited to any such policy adopted to comply with stock exchange listing requirements implementing Section 10D of the Exchange Act;

(d)          initiated by Indemnitee, including any Proceeding (or any part of any Proceeding) initiated by Indemnitee against the Company or its directors, officers, employees, agents or other indemnitees, unless (i) the Companys board of directors authorized the Proceeding (or the relevant part of the Proceeding) prior to its initiation, (ii) the Company provides the indemnification, in its sole discretion, pursuant to the powers vested in the Company under applicable law, (iii) otherwise authorized in Section 13(d) or (iv) otherwise required by applicable law; provided, for the avoidance of doubt, Indemnitee shall not be deemed for purposes of this paragraph, to have initiated any Proceeding (or any part of a Proceeding) by reason of (i) having asserted any affirmative defenses in connection with a claim not initiated by Indemnitee or (ii) having made any counterclaim (whether permissive or mandatory) in connection with any claim not initiated by Indemnitee; or


(e)
if prohibited by the DGCL or other applicable law.

9.          Advances of ExpensesThe Company shall advance the Expenses incurred by Indemnitee in connection with any Proceeding prior to its final disposition, and such advancement shall be made as soon as reasonably practicable, but in any event no later than 30 days, after the receipt by the Company of a written statement or statements requesting such advances from time to time (which shall include invoices received by Indemnitee in connection with such Expenses but, in the case of invoices in connection with legal services, any references to legal work performed or to expenditure made that would cause Indemnitee to waive any privilege accorded by applicable law shall not be included with the invoice).  Advances shall be unsecured and interest free and made without regard to Indemnitees ability to repay such advances.  Indemnitee hereby undertakes to repay any advance to the extent that it is ultimately determined that Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified by the Company, except, with respect to advances of expenses made pursuant to Section 13(d), in which case Indemnitee makes the undertaking provided in Section 13(d).  No other form of undertaking shall be required other than the execution of this Agreement.  This Section 9 shall not apply to the extent advancement is prohibited by law and shall not apply to any Proceeding (or any part of any Proceeding) for which indemnity is not permitted under this Agreement, but shall apply to any Proceeding (or any part of any Proceeding) referenced in Section 8(b) or 8(c) prior to a determination that Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified by the Company.


10.
Procedures for Notification and Defense of Claim.

(a)          Indemnitee shall notify the Company in writing of any matter with respect to which Indemnitee intends to seek indemnification or advancement of Expenses as soon as reasonably practicable following the receipt by Indemnitee of notice thereof.  The written notification to the Company shall include, in reasonable detail, a description of the nature of the Proceeding and the facts underlying the Proceeding.  The failure by Indemnitee to notify the Company will not relieve the Company from any liability that it may have to Indemnitee hereunder or otherwise than under this Agreement, and any delay in so notifying the Company shall not constitute a waiver by Indemnitee of any rights, except to the extent that such failure or delay materially prejudices the Company.
5


(b)          If, at the time of the receipt of a notice of a Proceeding pursuant to the terms hereof, the Company has directors and officers liability insurance in effect that may be applicable to the Proceeding, the Company shall give prompt notice of the commencement of the Proceeding to the insurers in accordance with the procedures set forth in the applicable policies.  The Company shall thereafter take all commercially reasonable action to cause such insurers to pay, on behalf of Indemnitee, all amounts payable as a result of such Proceeding in accordance with the terms of such policies.

(c)          In the event the Company may be obligated to make any indemnity in connection with a Proceeding, the Company shall be entitled to assume the defense of such Proceeding with counsel approved by Indemnitee, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed, upon the delivery to Indemnitee of written notice of its election to do so.  After delivery of such notice, approval of such counsel by Indemnitee and the retention of such counsel by the Company, the Company will not be liable to Indemnitee for any fees or expenses of counsel subsequently incurred by Indemnitee with respect to the same Proceeding.  Notwithstanding the Companys assumption of the defense of any such Proceeding, the Company shall be obligated to pay the fees and expenses of Indemnitees separate counsel to the extent (i) the employment of separate counsel by Indemnitee is authorized by the Company, (ii) counsel for the Company or Indemnitee shall have reasonably concluded that there is a conflict of interest between the Company and Indemnitee in the conduct of any such defense such that Indemnitee needs to be separately represented, (iii) the Company is not financially or legally able to perform its indemnification obligations, or (iv) the Company shall not have retained, or shall not continue to retain, counsel to defend such Proceeding. Regardless of any provision in this Agreement, Indemnitee shall have the right to employ counsel in any Proceeding at Indemnitees personal expense.  The Company shall not be entitled, without the consent of Indemnitee, to assume the defense of any claim brought by or in the right of the Company.

(d)          Indemnitee shall give the Company such information and cooperation in connection with the Proceeding as may be reasonably appropriate.

(e)          The Company shall not be liable to indemnify Indemnitee for any settlement of any Proceeding (or any part thereof) effected without the Companys prior written consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed.  The Company acknowledges that a settlement or other disposition short of final judgment may be successful if it permits a party to avoid expense, delay, distraction, disruption and uncertainty.  In the event that any action, claim or proceeding to which Indemnitee is a party is resolved in a settlement to which the Company has given its prior written consent, such settlement shall be treated as a success on the merits in the settled action, suit or proceeding.

(f)          The Company shall not settle any Proceeding (or any part thereof) in a manner that imposes any penalty or liability or any other obligation on Indemnitee without Indemnitees prior written consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed.


11.
Procedures upon Application for Indemnification.

(a)          To obtain indemnification under this Agreement, Indemnitee shall submit to the Company a written request, including therein or therewith such documentation and information as is reasonably available to Indemnitee and as is reasonably necessary to determine whether and to what extent Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification following the final disposition of the Proceeding.  Any delay in providing the request will not relieve the Company from its obligations under this Agreement, except to the extent such failure is prejudicial.
6


(b)          Upon written request by Indemnitee for indemnification pursuant to Section 11(a), a determination with respect to Indemnitees entitlement thereto shall be made no later than 30 days after the Company’s receipt of Indemnitee’s written request for indemnification as follows, provided that a Change in Control shall not have occurred: (i) by a majority vote of the Disinterested Directors, even though less than a quorum of the Companys board of directors; (ii) by a committee of Disinterested Directors designated by a majority vote of the Disinterested Directors, even though less than a quorum of the Companys board of directors; (iii) if there are no such Disinterested Directors or, if a majority of Disinterested Directors so direct, by Independent Counsel in a written opinion to the Companys board of directors, a copy of which shall be delivered to Indemnitee; or (iv) if so directed by the Companys board of directors, by the stockholders of the Company.  If a Change in Control shall have occurred, a determination with respect to Indemnitees entitlement to indemnification shall be made by Independent Counsel in a written opinion to the Companys board of directors, a copy of which shall be delivered to Indemnitee.  If the Company does not deliver a determination that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification within 30 days after the Company’s receipt of Indemnitee’s written request for indemnification, then the requisite determination of entitlement to indemnification shall be deemed to have been made and Indemnitee shall be entitled to such indemnification absent a prohibition of such indemnification under applicable law.  If it is determined that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification, payment to Indemnitee shall be made within ten days after such determination.  Indemnitee shall cooperate with the person, persons or entity making the determination with respect to Indemnitees entitlement to indemnification, including providing to such person, persons or entity upon reasonable advance request any documentation or information that is not privileged or otherwise protected from disclosure and that is reasonably available to Indemnitee and reasonably necessary to such determination.  Any costs or expenses (including attorneys fees and disbursements) actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee in so cooperating with the person, persons or entity making such determination shall be borne by the Company, to the extent permitted by applicable law.

(c)          In the event the determination of entitlement to indemnification is to be made by Independent Counsel pursuant to Section 11(b), the Independent Counsel shall be selected as provided in this Section 11(c).  If a Change in Control shall not have occurred, the Independent Counsel shall be selected by the Companys board of directors, and the Company shall give written notice to Indemnitee advising them of the identity of the Independent Counsel so selected.  If a Change in Control shall have occurred, the Independent Counsel shall be selected by Indemnitee (unless Indemnitee shall request that such selection be made by the Companys board of directors, in which event the preceding sentence shall apply), and Indemnitee shall give written notice to the Company advising it of the identity of the Independent Counsel so selected.  In either event, Indemnitee or the Company, as the case may be, may, within ten days after such written notice of selection shall have been given, deliver to the Company or to Indemnitee, as the case may be, a written objection to such selection; provided, however, that such objection may be asserted only on the ground that the Independent Counsel so selected does not meet the requirements of Independent Counsel as defined in Section 1, and the objection shall set forth with particularity the factual basis of such assertion.  Absent a proper and timely objection, the person so selected shall act as Independent Counsel.  If such written objection is so made and substantiated, the Independent Counsel so selected may not serve as Independent Counsel unless and until such objection is withdrawn or a court has determined that such objection is without merit.  If, within 20 days after the later of (i) submission by Indemnitee of a written request for indemnification pursuant to Section 11(a) and (ii) the final disposition of the Proceeding, the parties have not agreed upon an Independent Counsel, either the Company or Indemnitee may petition a court of competent jurisdiction for resolution of any objection that shall have been made by the Company or Indemnitee to the others selection of Independent Counsel and for the appointment as Independent Counsel of a person selected by the court or by such other person as the court shall designate, and the person with respect to whom all objections are so resolved or the person so appointed shall act as Independent Counsel under Section 11(b).  Upon the due commencement of any judicial proceeding or arbitration pursuant to Section 13(a), the Independent Counsel shall be discharged and relieved of any further responsibility in such capacity (subject to the applicable standards of professional conduct then prevailing).

(d)          The Company shall pay the reasonable fees and expenses of any Independent Counsel and to fully indemnify such counsel against any and all Expenses, claims, liabilities and damages arising out of or relating to this Agreement or its engagement pursuant hereto.
7



12.
Presumptions and Effect of Certain Proceedings.

(a)          In making a determination with respect to entitlement to indemnification hereunder, the person, persons or entity making such determination shall, to the fullest extent not prohibited by law, presume that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification under this Agreement, and the Company shall, to the fullest extent not prohibited by law, have the burden of proof to overcome that presumption by clear and convincing evidence.

(b)          The termination of any Proceeding or of any claim, issue or matter therein, by judgment, order, settlement or conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not of itself adversely affect the right of Indemnitee to indemnification or create a presumption that Indemnitee did not act in good faith and in a manner that they reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company or, with respect to any criminal Proceeding, that Indemnitee had reasonable cause to believe that their conduct was unlawful.

(c)          For purposes of any determination of good faith, Indemnitee shall be deemed to have acted in good faith to the extent Indemnitee relied in good faith on (i) the records or books of account of the Enterprise, including financial statements, (ii) information supplied to Indemnitee by the officers of the Enterprise in the course of their duties, (iii) the advice of legal counsel for the Enterprise or its board of directors or counsel selected by any committee of the board of directors or (iv) information or records given or reports made to the Enterprise by an independent certified public accountant, an appraiser, investment banker or other expert selected with reasonable care by the Enterprise or its board of directors or any committee of the board of directors.  The provisions of this Section 12(c) shall not be deemed to be exclusive or to limit in any way the other circumstances in which Indemnitee may be deemed to have met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in this Agreement.  Whether or not the foregoing provisions of this Section 12(c) are satisfied, it shall in any event be presumed that Indemnitee has at all times acted in good faith and in a manner they reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company.  Anyone seeking to overcome this presumption shall have the burden of proof and the burden of persuasion by clear and convincing evidence.

(d)          Neither the knowledge, actions nor failure to act of any other director, officer, agent or employee of the Enterprise shall be imputed to Indemnitee for purposes of determining the right to indemnification under this Agreement.

(e)          The Company acknowledges that a settlement or other disposition short of final judgment may be successful if it permits a party to avoid expense, delay, distraction, disruption and uncertainty.  In the event that any Proceeding to which Indemnitee is a party is resolved in any manner other than by adverse judgment against Indemnitee (including, without limitation, settlement of such action, claim or proceeding with or without payment of money or other consideration) it shall be presumed that Indemnitee has been successful on the merits or otherwise in such Proceeding.  Anyone seeking to overcome this presumption shall have the burden of proof and the burden of persuasion by clear and convincing evidence.
8



13.
Remedies of Indemnitee.

(a)          Subject to Section 13(e), in the event that (i) a determination is made pursuant to Section 11(b) that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification under this Agreement, (ii) advancement of Expenses is not timely made pursuant to Section 9 or 13(d), (iii) no determination of entitlement to indemnification shall have been made pursuant to Section 11 within 90 days after the later of the receipt by the Company of the request for indemnification or the final disposition of the Proceeding, (iv) payment of indemnification pursuant to this Agreement is not made (A) within 10 days after a determination has been made that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification or (B) with respect to indemnification pursuant to Sections 4, 5 and 13(d), within 30 days after receipt by the Company of a written request therefor, or (v) the Company or any other person or entity takes or threatens to take any action to declare this Agreement void or unenforceable, or institutes any litigation or other action or proceeding designed to deny, or to recover from, Indemnitee the benefits provided or intended to be provided to Indemnitee hereunder, Indemnitee shall be entitled to an adjudication by a court of competent jurisdiction of their entitlement to such indemnification or advancement of Expenses.  Alternatively, Indemnitee, at their option, may seek an award in arbitration with respect to their entitlement to such indemnification or advancement of Expenses, to be conducted by a single arbitrator pursuant to the Commercial Arbitration Rules of the American Arbitration Association.  Indemnitee shall commence such proceeding seeking an adjudication or an award in arbitration within 12 months following the date on which Indemnitee first has the right to commence such proceeding pursuant to this Section 13(a); provided, however, that the foregoing clause shall not apply in respect of a proceeding brought by Indemnitee to enforce their rights under Section 4.  The Company shall not oppose Indemnitees right to seek any such adjudication or award in arbitration in accordance with this Agreement.

(b)          Neither (i) the failure of the Company, its board of directors, any committee or subgroup of the board of directors, Independent Counsel or stockholders to have made a determination that indemnification of Indemnitee is proper in the circumstances because Indemnitee has met the applicable standard of conduct, nor (ii) an actual determination by the Company, its board of directors, any committee or subgroup of the board of directors, Independent Counsel or stockholders that Indemnitee has not met the applicable standard of conduct, shall create a presumption that Indemnitee has or has not met the applicable standard of conduct.  In the event that a determination shall have been made pursuant to Section 11 that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification, any judicial proceeding or arbitration commenced pursuant to this Section 13 shall be conducted in all respects as a de novo trial, or arbitration, on the merits, and Indemnitee shall not be prejudiced by reason of that adverse determination.  In any judicial proceeding or arbitration commenced pursuant to this Section 13, the Company shall, to the fullest extent not prohibited by law, have the burden of proving Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification or advancement of Expenses, as the case may be, and the burden of proof shall be by clear and convincing evidence.

(c)          To the fullest extent not prohibited by law, the Company shall be precluded from asserting in any judicial proceeding or arbitration commenced pursuant to this Section 13 that the procedures and presumptions of this Agreement are not valid, binding and enforceable and shall stipulate in any such court or before any such arbitrator that the Company is bound by all the provisions of this Agreement.  If a determination shall have been made pursuant to Section 13 that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification, the Company shall be bound by such determination in any judicial proceeding or arbitration commenced pursuant to this Section 13, absent (i) a misstatement by Indemnitee of a material fact, or an omission of a material fact necessary to make Indemnitees statements not materially misleading, in connection with the request for indemnification, or (ii) a prohibition of such indemnification under applicable law.

(d)          To the extent not prohibited by law, the Company shall indemnify Indemnitee against all Expenses incurred by Indemnitee in connection with any action for indemnification or advancement of Expenses from the Company under this Agreement, any other agreement, the Company’s certificate of incorporation or bylaws or under any directors and officers liability insurance policies maintained by the Company to the extent Indemnitee is successful in such action, and, if requested by Indemnitee, shall (as soon as reasonably practicable, but in any event no later than 30 days, after receipt by the Company of a written request therefor) advance such Expenses to Indemnitee, subject to the provisions of Section 9.

(e)          Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, no determination as to entitlement of Indemnitee to indemnification under this Agreement shall be required to be made prior to the final disposition of the Proceeding.
9


14.          ContributionTo the fullest extent permissible under applicable law, if the indemnification provided for in this Agreement is unavailable to Indemnitee, the Company, in lieu of indemnifying Indemnitee, shall contribute to the amounts incurred by Indemnitee, whether for Expenses, judgments, fines or amounts paid or to be paid in settlement, in connection with any claim relating to an indemnifiable event under this Agreement, in such proportion as is deemed fair and reasonable in light of all of the circumstances of such Proceeding in order to reflect (i) the relative benefits received by the Company and Indemnitee as a result of the events and transactions giving rise to such Proceeding; and (ii) the relative fault of Indemnitee and the Company (and its other directors, officers, employees and agents) in connection with such events and transactions.

15.          Non-exclusivityThe rights of indemnification and to receive advancement of Expenses as provided by this Agreement shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which Indemnitee may at any time be entitled under applicable law, the Companys certificate of incorporation or bylaws, any agreement, a vote of stockholders or a resolution of directors, or otherwise.  To the extent that a change in Delaware law, whether by statute or judicial decision, permits greater indemnification or advancement of Expenses than would be afforded currently under the Companys certificate of incorporation and bylaws and this Agreement, it is the intent of the parties hereto that Indemnitee shall enjoy by this Agreement the greater benefits so afforded by such change, subject to the restrictions expressly set forth herein or therein.  Except as expressly set forth herein, no right or remedy herein conferred is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every other right and remedy shall be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise.  Except as expressly set forth herein, the assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other right or remedy.

16.          Primary Responsibility. The Company acknowledges that to the extent Indemnitee is serving as a director on the Company’s board of directors at the request or direction of a private equity or venture capital fund or other entity and/or certain of its Affiliates (collectively, the “Secondary Indemnitors”), Indemnitee may have certain rights to indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by such Secondary Indemnitors. The Company agrees that, as between the Company and the Secondary Indemnitors, the Company is primarily responsible for amounts required to be indemnified or advanced under the Company’s certificate of incorporation or bylaws or this Agreement and any obligation of the Secondary Indemnitors to provide indemnification or advancement for the same amounts is secondary to those Company obligations. To the extent not in contravention of any insurance policy or policies providing liability or other insurance for the Company or any director, trustee, general partner, managing member, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary of the Company or any other Enterprise, the Company waives any right of contribution or subrogation against the Secondary Indemnitors with respect to the liabilities for which the Company is primarily responsible under this Section 16. In the event of any payment by the Secondary Indemnitors of amounts otherwise required to be indemnified or advanced by the Company under the Company’s certificate of incorporation or bylaws or this Agreement, the Secondary Indemnitors shall be subrogated to the extent of such payment to all of the rights of recovery of Indemnitee for indemnification or advancement of expenses under the Company’s certificate of incorporation or bylaws or this Agreement or, to the extent such subrogation is unavailable and contribution is found to be the applicable remedy, shall have a right of contribution with respect to the amounts paid. The Secondary Indemnitors are express third-party beneficiaries of the terms of this Section 16.

17.          No Duplication of PaymentsSubject to Section 16, the Company shall not be liable under this Agreement to make any payment of amounts otherwise indemnifiable hereunder (or for which advancement is provided hereunder) if and to the extent that Indemnitee has otherwise actually received payment for such amounts under any insurance policy, contract, agreement or otherwise.  The indemnification and insurance provided by the Company pursuant to this Agreement or otherwise shall be primary to any insurance purchased by any director or officer of the Company.

18.          InsuranceTo the extent that the Company maintains an insurance policy or policies providing liability insurance for directors, trustees, general partners, managing members, officers, employees, agents or fiduciaries of the Company or any other Enterprise, Indemnitee shall be covered by such policy or policies to the same extent as the most favorably-insured persons under such policy or policies in a comparable position.
10


19.          SubrogationSubject to Section 16, in the event of any payment under this Agreement, the Company shall be subrogated to the extent of such payment to all of the rights of recovery of Indemnitee, who shall execute all papers required and take all action necessary to secure such rights, including execution of such documents as are necessary to enable the Company to bring suit to enforce such rights.

20.          Services to the CompanyIndemnitee agrees to serve as a director or officer of the Company or, at the request of the Company, as a director, trustee, general partner, managing member, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary of another Enterprise, for so long as Indemnitee is duly elected or appointed or until Indemnitee tenders their resignation or is removed from such position.  Indemnitee may at any time and for any reason resign from such position (subject to any other contractual obligation or any obligation imposed by operation of law), in which event the Company shall have no obligation under this Agreement to continue Indemnitee in such position.  This Agreement shall not be deemed an employment contract between the Company (or any of its subsidiaries or any Enterprise) and Indemnitee.  Indemnitee specifically acknowledges that any employment with the Company (or any of its subsidiaries or any Enterprise) is at will, and Indemnitee may be discharged at any time for any reason, with or without cause, with or without notice, except as may be otherwise expressly provided in any executed, written employment contract between Indemnitee and the Company (or any of its subsidiaries or any Enterprise), any existing formal severance policies adopted by the Companys board of directors or, with respect to service as a director or officer of the Company, the Companys certificate of incorporation or bylaws or the DGCL.  No such document shall be subject to any oral modification thereof.

21.          DurationThis Agreement shall continue until and terminate upon the later of (a) ten years after the date that Indemnitee shall have ceased to serve as a director or officer of the Company or as a director, trustee, general partner, managing member, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary of any other Enterprise, as applicable; or (b) one year after the final termination of any Proceeding, including any appeal, then pending in respect of which Indemnitee is granted rights of indemnification or advancement of Expenses hereunder and of any Proceeding commenced by Indemnitee pursuant to Section 13 relating thereto.

22.          SuccessorsThis Agreement shall be binding upon the Company and its successors and assigns, including any direct or indirect successor, by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise, to all or substantially all of the business or assets of the Company, and shall inure to the benefit of Indemnitee and Indemnitees heirs, executors and administrators.  Further, the Company shall require and cause any successor (whether direct or indirect by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the business or assets of the Company, by written agreement, expressly to assume and agree to perform this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent that the Company would be required to perform if no such succession had taken place.

23.          SeverabilityNothing in this Agreement is intended to require or shall be construed as requiring the Company to do or fail to do any act in violation of applicable law.  The Companys inability, pursuant to court order or other applicable law, to perform its obligations under this Agreement shall not constitute a breach of this Agreement.  If any provision or provisions of this Agreement shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable for any reason whatsoever: (i) the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Agreement (including without limitation, each portion of any section of this Agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that is not itself invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby and shall remain enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law; (ii) such provision or provisions shall be deemed reformed to the extent necessary to conform to applicable law and to give the maximum effect to the intent of the parties hereto; and (iii) to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of this Agreement (including, without limitation, each portion of any section of this Agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that is not itself invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to give effect to the intent manifested thereby.

24.          EnforcementThe Company expressly confirms and agrees that it has entered into this Agreement and assumed the obligations imposed on it hereby in order to induce Indemnitee to serve as a director or officer of the Company, and the Company acknowledges that Indemnitee is relying upon this Agreement in serving as a director or officer of the Company.
11


25.          Entire AgreementThis Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings, oral, written and implied, between the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof; provided, however, that this Agreement is a supplement to and in furtherance of the Companys certificate of incorporation and bylaws and applicable law.

26.          Modification and WaiverNo supplement, modification or amendment to this Agreement shall be binding unless executed in writing by the parties hereto.  No amendment, alteration or repeal of this Agreement shall adversely affect any right of Indemnitee under this Agreement in respect of any action taken or omitted by such Indemnitee in their Corporate Status prior to such amendment, alteration or repeal.  No waiver of any of the provisions of this Agreement shall constitute or be deemed a waiver of any other provision of this Agreement nor shall any waiver constitute a continuing waiver.

27.          NoticesAll notices and other communications required or permitted hereunder shall be in writing and shall be mailed by registered or certified mail, postage prepaid, sent by facsimile or electronic mail or otherwise delivered by hand, messenger or courier service addressed:

(a)          if to Indemnitee, to Indemnitees address, facsimile number or electronic mail address as shown on the signature page of this Agreement or in the Companys records, as may be updated in accordance with the provisions hereof; or

(b)          if to the Company, to 750 N. San Vicente Bld., Suite RE 1400, West Hollywood, California 90069, Attention: Vice President, Business & Legal Affairs or at such other current address as the Company shall have furnished to Indemnitee.

Each such notice or other communication shall for all purposes of this Agreement be treated as effective or having been given (i) if delivered by hand, messenger or courier service, when delivered (or if sent via a nationally-recognized overnight courier service, freight prepaid, specifying next-business-day delivery, one business day after deposit with the courier), or (ii) if sent via mail, at the earlier of its receipt or five days after the same has been deposited in a regularly-maintained receptacle for the deposit of the United States mail, addressed and mailed as aforesaid, or (iii) if sent via facsimile, upon confirmation of facsimile transfer or, if sent via electronic mail, upon confirmation of delivery when directed to the relevant electronic mail address, if sent during normal business hours of the recipient, or if not sent during normal business hours of the recipient, then on the recipients next business day.

28.          Applicable Law and Consent to JurisdictionThis Agreement shall be governed by, and construed and enforced in accordance with, the laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to its conflict of laws rules.  Except with respect to any arbitration commenced by Indemnitee pursuant to Section 13(a), the Company and Indemnitee hereby irrevocably and unconditionally (i) agree that any action or proceeding arising out of or in connection with this Agreement shall be brought only in the Delaware Court of Chancery, and not in any other state or federal court in the United States of America or any court in any other country, (ii) consent to submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Delaware Court of Chancery for purposes of any action or proceeding arising out of or in connection with this Agreement, (iii) appoint, to the extent such party is not otherwise subject to service of process in the State of Delaware, Corporation Service Company, at 251 Little Falls Dr., Wilmington, DE 19808, as its agent in the State of Delaware as such partys agent for acceptance of legal process in connection with any such action or proceeding against such party with the same legal force and validity as if served upon such party personally within the State of Delaware, (iv) waive any objection to the laying of venue of any such action or proceeding in the Delaware Court of Chancery, and (v) waive, and agree not to plead or to make, any claim that any such action or proceeding brought in the Delaware Court of Chancery has been brought in an improper or inconvenient forum.

29.          CounterpartsThis Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall for all purposes be deemed to be an original but all of which together shall constitute one and the same Agreement.  This Agreement may also be executed and delivered by facsimile signature and in counterparts, each of which shall for all purposes be deemed to be an original but all of which together shall constitute one and the same Agreement.  Only one such counterpart signed by the party against whom enforceability is sought needs to be produced to evidence the existence of this Agreement.

30.          CaptionsThe headings of the paragraphs of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and shall not be deemed to constitute part of this Agreement or to affect the construction thereof.

(signature page follows)
12


The parties are signing this Indemnification Agreement as of the date stated in the introductory sentence.

 
Grindr Inc.
     
 
By:
 
 
Name:
 
 
Title:
 

[Signature Page to the Indemnification Agreement of Grindr Inc.]


The parties are signing this Indemnification Agreement as of the date stated in the introductory sentence.

     
 
[indemnitee name]
     
 
Address:
 
     

[Signature Page to the Indemnification Agreement of Grindr Inc.]



Exhibit 10.3

Grindr Inc.
2022 Equity Incentive Plan

Adopted by the Board of Directors: November 18, 2022
Approved by the Stockholders: November 15, 2022

1.          General.

(a)          Plan Purpose.  The Company, by means of the Plan, seeks to secure and retain the services of Employees, Directors and Consultants, to provide incentives for such persons to exert maximum efforts for the success of the Company and any Affiliate and to provide a means by which such persons may be given an opportunity to benefit from increases in value of the Common Stock through the granting of Awards.

(b)          Available Awards.  The Plan provides for the grant of the following Awards: (i) Incentive Stock Options; (ii) Nonstatutory Stock Options; (iii) SARs; (iv) Restricted Stock Awards; (v) RSU Awards; (vi) Performance Awards; and (vii) Other Awards.

(c)          Adoption Date; Effective Date. The Plan will come into existence on the Adoption Date, but no Award may be granted prior to the Effective Date.

2.          Shares Subject to the Plan.

(a)          Share Reserve.  Subject to adjustment in accordance with Section 2(c) and any adjustments as necessary to implement any Capitalization Adjustments, the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to Awards will not exceed 13,764,400 shares of Common Stock.

(b)          Aggregate Incentive Stock Option Limit.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in Section 2(a) and subject to any adjustments as necessary to implement any Capitalization Adjustments, the aggregate maximum number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to the exercise of Incentive Stock Options is 41,293,200 shares (equal to three hundred percent (300%) of the total number of shares of Common Stock initially reserved for issuance under Section 2(a)).

(c)          Share Reserve Operation.

(i)          Limit Applies to Common Stock Issued Pursuant to Awards.  For clarity, the Share Reserve is a limit on the number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to Awards and does not limit the granting of Awards, except that the Company will take commercially reasonable steps to have available the number of shares of Common Stock necessary to satisfy its obligations to issue shares pursuant to such Awards.  Shares may be issued in connection with a merger or acquisition as permitted by, as applicable, Nasdaq Listing Rule 5635(c), NYSE Listed Company Manual Section 303A.08, NYSE American Company Guide Section 711 or other applicable rule, and such issuance will not reduce the number of shares available for issuance under the Plan.

1


(ii)          Actions that Do Not Constitute Issuance of Common Stock and Do Not Reduce Share Reserve.  The following actions do not result in an issuance of shares under the Plan and accordingly do not reduce the number of shares subject to the Share Reserve and available for issuance under the Plan: (1) the expiration or termination of any portion of an Award without the shares covered by such portion of the Award having been issued; (2) the settlement of any portion of an Award in cash (i.e., the Participant receives cash rather than Common Stock); (3) the withholding of shares that would otherwise be issued by the Company to satisfy the exercise, strike or purchase price of an Award; or (4) the withholding of shares that would otherwise be issued by the Company to satisfy a tax withholding obligation in connection with an Award.

(iii)          Reversion of Previously Issued Shares of Common Stock to Share Reserve.  The following shares of Common Stock previously issued pursuant to an Award and accordingly initially deducted from the Share Reserve will be added back to the Share Reserve and again become available for issuance under the Plan: (1) any shares that are forfeited back to or repurchased by the Company because of a failure to meet a contingency or condition required for the vesting of such shares, (2) any shares that are reacquired by the Company to satisfy the exercise, strike or purchase price of an Award, and (3) any shares that are reacquired by the Company to satisfy a tax withholding obligation in connection with an Award.

3.          Eligibility and Limitations.

(a)          Eligible Award Recipients.  Subject to the terms of the Plan, Employees, Directors and Consultants are eligible to receive Awards.

(b)          Specific Award Limitations.

(i)          Limitations on Incentive Stock Option Recipients.  Incentive Stock Options may be granted only to Employees of the Company or a “parent corporation” or “subsidiary corporation” thereof (as such terms are defined in Sections 424(e) and (f) of the Code).

(ii)          Incentive Stock Option $100,000 Limitation.  To the extent that the aggregate Fair Market Value (determined at the time of grant) of Common Stock with respect to which Incentive Stock Options are exercisable for the first time by any Optionholder during any calendar year (under all plans of the Company and any Affiliates) exceeds $100,000 (or such other limit established in the Code) or otherwise does not comply with the rules governing Incentive Stock Options, the Options or portions thereof that exceed such limit (according to the order in which they were granted) or otherwise do not comply with such rules will be treated as Nonstatutory Stock Options, notwithstanding any contrary provision of the applicable Option Agreement(s).

(iii)          Limitations on Incentive Stock Options Granted to Ten Percent Stockholders.  A Ten Percent Stockholder may not be granted an Incentive Stock Option unless (1) the exercise price of such Option is at least 110% of the Fair Market Value on the date of grant of such Option and (2) the Option is not exercisable after the expiration of five years from the date of grant of such Option.

(iv)          Limitations on Nonstatutory Stock Options and SARs.  Nonstatutory Stock Options and SARs may not be granted to Employees, Directors and Consultants unless the stock underlying such Awards is treated as “service recipient stock” under Section 409A or unless such Awards otherwise comply with the requirements of Section 409A.

2


(c)          Aggregate Incentive Stock Option Limit.  The aggregate maximum number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to the exercise of Incentive Stock Options is the number of shares specified in Section 2(b).

(d)          Non-Employee Director Compensation Limit. The aggregate value of all compensation granted or paid, as applicable, to any individual for service as a Non-Employee Director with respect to any period commencing on the date of the Company’s Annual Meeting of Stockholders for a particular year and ending on the day immediately prior to the date of the Company’s Annual Meeting of Stockholders for the next subsequent year (the “Annual Period”), including Awards granted and cash fees paid by the Company to such Non-Employee Director, will not exceed (1) $750,000 in total value or (2) in the event such Non-Employee Director is first appointed or elected to the Board during such Annual Period, $1,000,000 in total value, in each case, calculating the value of any equity awards based on the grant date fair value of such equity awards for financial reporting purposes. The limitations in this Section 3(d) shall apply commencing with the Annual Period that begins on the Company’s first Annual Meeting of Stockholders following the Effective Date.

4.          Options and Stock Appreciation Rights.

Each Option and SAR will have such terms and conditions as determined by the Board.  Each Option will be designated in writing as an Incentive Stock Option or Nonstatutory Stock Option at the time of grant; provided, however, that if an Option is not so designated or if an Option designated as an Incentive Stock Option fails to qualify as an Incentive Stock Option, then such Option will be a Nonstatutory Stock Option, and the shares purchased upon exercise of each type of Option will be separately accounted for.  Each SAR will be denominated in shares of Common Stock equivalents.  The terms and conditions of separate Options and SARs need not be identical; provided, however, that each Option Agreement and SAR Agreement will conform (through incorporation of provisions hereof by reference in the Award Agreement or otherwise) to the substance of each of the following provisions:

(a)          Term.  Subject to Section 3(b) regarding Ten Percent Stockholders, no Option or SAR will be exercisable after the expiration of ten years from the date of grant of such Award or such shorter period specified in the Award Agreement.

(b)          Exercise or Strike Price.  Subject to Section 3(b) regarding Ten Percent Stockholders, the exercise or strike price of each Option or SAR will not be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value on the date of grant of such Award.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, an Option or SAR may be granted with an exercise or strike price lower than 100% of the Fair Market Value on the date of grant of such Award if such Award is granted pursuant to an assumption of or substitution for another option or stock appreciation right pursuant to a Corporate Transaction and in a manner consistent with the provisions of Sections 409A and, if applicable, 424(a) of the Code.

3


(c)          Exercise Procedure and Payment of Exercise Price for Options.  In order to exercise an Option, the Participant must provide notice of exercise to the Plan Administrator in accordance with the procedures specified in the Option Agreement or otherwise provided by the Company.  The Board has the authority to grant Options that do not permit all of the following methods of payment (or otherwise restrict the ability to use certain methods) and to grant Options that require the consent of the Company to utilize a particular method of payment.  The exercise price of an Option may be paid, to the extent permitted by Applicable Law and as determined by the Board, by one or more of the following methods of payment to the extent set forth in the Option Agreement:

(i)          by cash or check, bank draft or money order payable to the Company;

(ii)          pursuant to a “cashless exercise” program developed under Regulation T as promulgated by the Federal Reserve Board that, prior to the issuance of the Common Stock subject to the Option, results in either the receipt of cash (or check) by the Company or the receipt of irrevocable instructions to pay the exercise price to the Company from the sales proceeds;

(iii)          by delivery to the Company (either by actual delivery or attestation) of shares of Common Stock that are already owned by the Participant free and clear of any liens, claims, encumbrances or security interests, with a Fair Market Value on the date of exercise that does not exceed the exercise price, provided that (1) at the time of exercise the Common Stock is publicly traded, (2) any remaining balance of the exercise price not satisfied by such delivery is paid by the Participant in cash or other permitted form of payment, (3) such delivery would not violate any Applicable Law or agreement restricting the redemption of the Common Stock, (4) any certificated shares are endorsed or accompanied by an executed assignment separate from certificate, and (5) such shares have been held by the Participant for any minimum period necessary to avoid adverse accounting treatment as a result of such delivery;

(iv)          if the Option is a Nonstatutory Stock Option, by a “net exercise” arrangement pursuant to which the Company will reduce the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise by the largest whole number of shares with a Fair Market Value on the date of exercise that does not exceed the exercise price, provided that (1) such shares used to pay the exercise price will not be exercisable thereafter and (2) any remaining balance of the exercise price not satisfied by such net exercise is paid by the Participant in cash or other permitted form of payment; or

(v)          in any other form of consideration that may be acceptable to the Board and permissible under Applicable Law.

(d)          Exercise Procedure and Payment of Appreciation Distribution for SARs.  In order to exercise any SAR, the Participant must provide notice of exercise to the Plan Administrator in accordance with the SAR Agreement.  The appreciation distribution payable to a Participant upon the exercise of a SAR will not be greater than an amount equal to the excess of (i) the aggregate Fair Market Value on the date of exercise of a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the number of Common Stock equivalents that are vested and being exercised under such SAR, over (ii) the strike price of such SAR.  Such appreciation distribution may be paid to the Participant in the form of Common Stock or cash (or any combination of Common Stock and cash) or in any other form of payment, as determined by the Board and specified in the SAR Agreement.

4


(e)          Transferability.  Options and SARs may not be transferred to third party financial institutions for value.  The Board may impose such additional limitations on the transferability of an Option or SAR as it determines.  In the absence of any such determination by the Board, the following restrictions on the transferability of Options and SARs will apply, provided that except as explicitly provided herein, neither an Option nor a SAR may be transferred for consideration and provided, further, that if an Option is an Incentive Stock Option, such Option may be deemed to be a Nonstatutory Stock Option as a result of such transfer:

(i)          Restrictions on Transfer.  An Option or SAR will not be transferable, except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, and will be exercisable during the lifetime of the Participant only by the Participant; provided, however, that the Board may permit transfer of an Option or SAR in a manner that is not prohibited by applicable tax and securities laws upon the Participant’s request, including to a trust if the Participant is considered to be the sole beneficial owner of such trust (as determined under Section 671 of the Code and applicable state law) while such Option or SAR is held in such trust, provided that the Participant and the trustee enter into a transfer and other agreements required by the Company.

(ii)          Domestic Relations Orders.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, subject to the execution of transfer documentation in a format acceptable to the Company and subject to the approval of the Board or a duly authorized Officer, an Option or SAR may be transferred pursuant to a domestic relations order.

(f)          Vesting.  The Board may impose such restrictions on or conditions to the vesting and/or exercisability of an Option or SAR as determined by the Board.  Except as otherwise provided in the Award Agreement or other written agreement between a Participant and the Company or an Affiliate, vesting of Options and SARs will cease upon termination of the Participant’s Continuous Service.

(g)          Termination of Continuous Service for Cause.  Except as explicitly otherwise provided in the Award Agreement or other written agreement between a Participant and the Company or an Affiliate, if a Participant’s Continuous Service is terminated for Cause, the Participant’s Options and SARs will terminate and be forfeited immediately upon such termination of Continuous Service, and the Participant will be prohibited from exercising any portion (including any vested portion) of such Awards on and after the date of such termination of Continuous Service and the Participant will have no further right, title or interest in such forfeited Award, the shares of Common Stock subject to the forfeited Award, or any consideration in respect of the forfeited Award.

5


(h)          Post-Termination Exercise Period Following Termination of Continuous Service for Reasons Other than Cause.  Subject to Section 4(i), if a Participant’s Continuous Service terminates for any reason other than for Cause, the Participant may exercise his or her Option or SAR to the extent vested, but only within the following period of time or, if applicable, such other period of time provided in the Award Agreement or other written agreement between a Participant and the Company or an Affiliate; provided, however, that in no event may such Award be exercised after the expiration of its maximum term (as set forth in Section 4(a)):

(i)          three months following the date of such termination if such termination is a termination without Cause (other than any termination due to Participant’s Disability or death);

(ii)          12 months following the date of such termination if such termination is due to the Participant’s Disability;

(iii)          18 months following the date of such termination if such termination is due to the Participant’s death; or

(iv)          18 months following the date of the Participant’s death if such death occurs following the date of such termination but during the period such Award is otherwise exercisable (as provided in (i) or (ii) above).

Following the date of such termination, to the extent the Participant does not exercise such Award within the applicable Post-Termination Exercise Period (or, if earlier, prior to the expiration of the maximum term of such Award), such unexercised portion of the Award will terminate, and the Participant will have no further right, title or interest in the terminated Award, the shares of Common Stock subject to the terminated Award, or any consideration in respect of the terminated Award.

(i)          Restrictions on Exercise; Extension of Exercisability.  A Participant may not exercise an Option or SAR at any time that the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon such exercise would violate Applicable Law.  Except as otherwise provided in the Award Agreement or other written agreement between a Participant and the Company or an Affiliate, if a Participant’s Continuous Service terminates for any reason other than for Cause and, at any time during the last thirty days of the applicable Post-Termination Exercise Period: (i) the exercise of the Participant’s Option or SAR would be prohibited solely because the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon such exercise would violate Applicable Law, or (ii) the immediate sale of any shares of Common Stock issued upon such exercise would violate the Company’s Trading Policy, then the applicable Post-Termination Exercise Period will be extended to the last day of the calendar month that commences following the date the Award would otherwise expire, with an additional extension of the exercise period to the last day of the next calendar month to apply if any of the foregoing restrictions apply at any time during such extended exercise period, generally without limitation as to the maximum permitted number of extensions); provided, however, that in no event may such Award be exercised after the expiration of its maximum term (as set forth in Section 4(a)).

(j)          Non-Exempt Employees.  No Option or SAR, whether or not vested, granted to an Employee who is a non-exempt employee for purposes of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended, will be first exercisable for any shares of Common Stock until at least six months following the date of grant of such Award.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, in accordance with the provisions of the Worker Economic Opportunity Act, any vested portion of such Award may be exercised earlier than six months following the date of grant of such Award in the event of (i) such Participant’s death or Disability, (ii) a Corporate Transaction in which such Award is not assumed, continued or substituted, (iii) a Change in Control, or (iv) such Participant’s retirement (as such term may be defined in the Award Agreement or another applicable agreement or, in the absence of any such definition, in accordance with the Company’s then current employment policies and guidelines).  This Section 4(j) is intended to operate so that any income derived by a non-exempt employee in connection with the exercise or vesting of an Option or SAR will be exempt from his or her regular rate of pay.

6


(k)          Whole Shares.  Options and SARs may be exercised only with respect to whole shares of Common Stock or their equivalents.

5.          Awards Other Than Options and Stock Appreciation Rights.

(a)          Restricted Stock Awards and RSU Awards.  Each Restricted Stock Award and RSU Award will have such terms and conditions as determined by the Board; provided, however, that each Restricted Stock Award Agreement and RSU Award Agreement will conform (through incorporation of the provisions hereof by reference in the Award Agreement or otherwise) to the substance of each of the following provisions:

(i)          Form of Award.

(1)          Restricted Stock Awards: To the extent consistent with the Company’s Bylaws, at the Board’s election, shares of Common Stock subject to a Restricted Stock Award may be (A) held in book entry form subject to the Company’s instructions until such shares become vested or any other restrictions lapse, or (B) evidenced by a certificate, which certificate will be held in such form and manner as determined by the Board.  Unless otherwise set forth in an Award Agreement, a Participant will have voting and other rights as a stockholder of the Company with respect to any shares subject to a Restricted Stock Award.

(2)          RSU Awards: An RSU Award represents a Participant’s right to be issued on a future date the number of shares of Common Stock that is equal to the number of restricted stock units subject to the RSU Award.  As a holder of an RSU Award, a Participant is an unsecured creditor of the Company with respect to the Company’s unfunded obligation, if any, to issue shares of Common Stock in settlement of such Award and nothing contained in the Plan or any RSU Agreement, and no action taken pursuant to its provisions, will create or be construed to create a trust of any kind or a fiduciary relationship between a Participant and the Company or an Affiliate or any other person.  A Participant will not have voting or any other rights as a stockholder of the Company with respect to any RSU Award (unless and until shares are actually issued in settlement of a vested RSU Award).

(ii)          Consideration.

(1)          Restricted Stock Awards: A Restricted Stock Award may be granted in consideration for (A) cash or check, bank draft or money order payable to the Company, (B) past services to the Company or an Affiliate, or (C) any other form of consideration (including future services) as the Board may determine and permissible under Applicable Law.

(2)          RSU Awards: Unless otherwise determined by the Board at the time of grant, an RSU Award will be granted in consideration for the Participant’s services to the Company or an Affiliate, such that the Participant will not be required to make any payment to the Company (other than such services) with respect to the grant or vesting of the RSU Award, or the issuance of any shares of Common Stock pursuant to the RSU Award.  If, at the time of grant, the Board determines that any consideration must be paid by the Participant (in a form other than the Participant’s services to the Company or an Affiliate) upon the issuance of any shares of Common Stock in settlement of the RSU Award, such consideration may be paid in any form of consideration as the Board may determine and permissible under Applicable Law.

7


(iii)          Vesting.  The Board may impose such restrictions on or conditions to the vesting of a Restricted Stock Award or RSU Award as determined by the Board.  Except as otherwise provided in the Award Agreement or other written agreement between a Participant and the Company or an Affiliate, vesting of Restricted Stock Awards and RSU Awards will cease upon termination of the Participant’s Continuous Service.

(iv)          Termination of Continuous Service.  Except as otherwise provided in the Award Agreement or other written agreement between a Participant and the Company or an Affiliate, if a Participant’s Continuous Service terminates for any reason, (1) the Company may receive through a forfeiture condition or a repurchase right any or all of the shares of Common Stock held by the Participant under his or her RSU Award or Restricted Stock Award that have not vested as of the date of such termination as set forth in the  RSU Award or Restricted Stock Award Agreement and the Participant will have no further right, title or interest in the RSU Award or Restricted Stock Award, the shares of Common Stock subject to the RSU Award or Restricted Stock Award, or any consideration in respect of the RSU Award or Restricted Stock Award and (2) any portion of his or her RSU Award or Restricted Stock Award that has not vested will be forfeited upon such termination and the Participant will have no further right, title or interest in the RSU Award or Restricted Stock Award, the shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to the RSU Award, or any consideration in respect of the RSU Award or the Restricted Stock Award.

(v)          Dividends and Dividend Equivalents.  Dividends or dividend equivalents may be paid or credited, as applicable, with respect to any shares of Common Stock subject to a Restricted Stock Award or RSU Award, as determined by the Board and specified in the Award Agreement.

(vi)          Settlement of RSU Awards.  An RSU Award may be settled by the issuance of shares of Common Stock or in any form of cash payment (or any combination thereof), as determined by the Board and specified in the RSU Award Agreement.  At the time of grant, the Board may determine to impose such restrictions or conditions that delay such delivery to a date following the vesting of the RSU Award.

(b)          Performance Awards.  With respect to any Performance Award, the length of any Performance Period, the Performance Goals to be achieved during the Performance Period, the other terms and conditions of such Award, and the measure of whether and to what degree such Performance Goals have been attained will be determined by the Board.

(c)          Other AwardsOther forms of Awards valued in whole or in part by reference to, or otherwise based on, Common Stock, including the appreciation in value thereof may be granted either alone or in addition to Awards provided for under Section 4 and the preceding provisions of this Section 5.  Subject to the provisions of the Plan, the Board will have sole and complete discretion to determine the persons to whom and the time or times at which such Other Awards will be granted, the number of shares of Common Stock (or the cash equivalent thereof) to be granted pursuant to such Other Awards and all other terms and conditions of such Other Awards.

8


6.          Adjustments upon Changes in Common Stock; Other Corporate Events.

(a)          Capitalization Adjustments.  In the event of a Capitalization Adjustment, the Board shall appropriately and proportionately adjust: (i) the class(es) and maximum number of shares of Common Stock subject to the Plan, and the maximum number of shares by which the Share Reserve may annually increase pursuant to Section 2(a); (ii) the class(es) and maximum number of shares that may be issued pursuant to the exercise of Incentive Stock Options pursuant to Section 2(a); and (iii) the class(es) and number of securities and exercise price, strike price or purchase price of Common Stock subject to outstanding Awards.  The Board shall make such adjustments, and its determination shall be final, binding and conclusive.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, no fractional shares or rights for fractional shares of Common Stock shall be created in order to implement any Capitalization Adjustment.  The Board shall determine an appropriate equivalent benefit, if any, for any fractional shares or rights to fractional shares that might be created by the adjustments referred to in the preceding provisions of this Section.

(b)          Dissolution or Liquidation.  Except as otherwise provided in the Award Agreement, in the event of a dissolution or liquidation of the Company, all outstanding Awards (other than Awards consisting of vested and outstanding shares of Common Stock not subject to a forfeiture condition or the Company’s right of repurchase) will terminate immediately prior to the completion of such dissolution or liquidation, and the shares of Common Stock subject to the Company’s repurchase rights or subject to a forfeiture condition may be repurchased or reacquired by the Company notwithstanding the fact that the holder of such Award is providing Continuous Service, provided, however, that the Board may determine to cause some or all Awards to become fully vested, exercisable and/or no longer subject to repurchase or forfeiture (to the extent such Awards have not previously expired or terminated) before the dissolution or liquidation is completed but contingent on its completion.

(c)          Corporate Transaction.  The following provisions will apply to Awards in the event of a Corporate Transaction except as set forth in Section 11 unless otherwise provided in the instrument evidencing the Award or any other written agreement between the Company or any Affiliate and the Participant or unless otherwise expressly provided by the Board at the time of grant of an Award.

(i)          Awards May Be Assumed.  In the event of a Corporate Transaction, any surviving corporation or acquiring corporation (or the surviving or acquiring corporation’s parent company) may assume or continue any or all Awards outstanding under the Plan or may substitute similar awards for Awards outstanding under the Plan (including but not limited to, awards to acquire the same consideration paid to the stockholders of the Company pursuant to the Corporate Transaction), and any reacquisition or repurchase rights held by the Company in respect of Common Stock issued pursuant to Awards may be assigned by the Company to the successor of the Company (or the successor’s parent company, if any), in connection with such Corporate Transaction.  A surviving corporation or acquiring corporation (or its parent) may choose to assume or continue only a portion of an Award or substitute a similar award for only a portion of an Award, or may choose to assume or continue the Awards held by some, but not all Participants.  The terms of any assumption, continuation or substitution will be set by the Board.

9


(ii)          Awards Held by Current Participants.  In the event of a Corporate Transaction in which the surviving corporation or acquiring corporation (or its parent company) does not assume or continue such outstanding Awards or substitute similar awards for such outstanding Awards, then with respect to Awards that have not been assumed, continued or substituted and that are held by Participants whose Continuous Service has not terminated prior to the effective time of the Corporate Transaction (referred to as the “Current Participants”), the vesting of such Awards (and, with respect to Options and Stock Appreciation Rights, the time when such Awards may be exercised) will be accelerated in full to a date prior to the effective time of such Corporate Transaction (contingent upon the effectiveness of the Corporate Transaction) as the Board determines (or, if the Board does not determine such a date, to the date that is five days prior to the effective time of the Corporate Transaction), and such Awards will terminate if not exercised (if applicable) at or prior to the effective time of the Corporate Transaction, and any reacquisition or repurchase rights held by the Company with respect to such Awards will lapse (contingent upon the effectiveness of the Corporate Transaction).  With respect to the vesting of Performance Awards that will accelerate upon the occurrence of a Corporate Transaction pursuant to this subsection (ii) and that have multiple vesting levels depending on the level of performance, unless otherwise provided in the Award Agreement, the vesting of such Performance Awards will accelerate at 100% of the target level upon the occurrence of the Corporate Transaction in which the Awards are not assumed in accordance with Section 6(c)(i).  With respect to the vesting of Awards that will accelerate upon the occurrence of a Corporate Transaction pursuant to this subsection (ii) and are settled in the form of a cash payment, such cash payment will be made no later than 30 days following the occurrence of the Corporate Transaction or such later date as required to comply with Section 409A of the Code.

(iii)          Awards Held by Persons other than Current Participants.  In the event of a Corporate Transaction in which the surviving corporation or acquiring corporation (or its parent company) does not assume or continue such outstanding Awards or substitute similar awards for such outstanding Awards, then with respect to Awards that have not been assumed, continued or substituted and that are held by persons other than Current Participants, such Awards will terminate if not exercised (if applicable) prior to the occurrence of the Corporate Transaction; provided, however, that any reacquisition or repurchase rights held by the Company with respect to such Awards will not terminate and may continue to be exercised notwithstanding the Corporate Transaction.

(iv)          Payment for Awards in Lieu of Exercise.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event an Award will terminate if not exercised prior to the effective time of a Corporate Transaction, the Board may provide, in its sole discretion, that the holder of such Award may not exercise such Award but will receive a payment, in such form as may be determined by the Board, equal in value, at the effective time, to the excess, if any, of (1) the value of the property the Participant would have received upon the exercise of the Award (including, at the discretion of the Board, any unvested portion of such Award), over (2) any exercise price payable by such holder in connection with such exercise.

(d)          Appointment of Stockholder Representative.  As a condition to the receipt of an Award under this Plan, a Participant will be deemed to have agreed that the Award will be subject to the terms of any agreement governing a Corporate Transaction involving the Company, including, without limitation, a provision for the appointment of a stockholder representative that is authorized to act on the Participant’s behalf with respect to any escrow, indemnities and any contingent consideration.

10


(e)          No Restriction on Right to Undertake Transactions.  The grant of any Award under the Plan and the issuance of shares pursuant to any Award does not affect or restrict in any way the right or power of the Company or the stockholders of the Company to make or authorize any adjustment, recapitalization, reorganization or other change in the Company’s capital structure or its business, any merger or consolidation of the Company, any issue of stock or of options, rights or options to purchase stock or of bonds, debentures, preferred or prior preference stocks whose rights are superior to or affect the Common Stock or the rights thereof or which are convertible into or exchangeable for Common Stock, or the dissolution or liquidation of the Company, or any sale or transfer of all or any part of its assets or business, or any other corporate act or proceeding, whether of a similar character or otherwise.

7.          Administration.

(a)          Administration by Board.  The Board will administer the Plan unless and until the Board delegates administration of the Plan to a Committee or Committees, as provided in subsection (c) below.

(b)          Powers of Board.  The Board will have the power, subject to, and within the limitations of, the express provisions of the Plan:

(i)          To determine from time to time (1) which of the persons eligible under the Plan will be granted Awards; (2) when and how each Award will be granted; (3) what type or combination of types of Award will be granted; (4) the provisions of each Award granted (which need not be identical), including the time or times when a person will be permitted to receive an issuance of Common Stock or other payment pursuant to an Award; (5) the number of shares of Common Stock or cash equivalent with respect to which an Award will be granted to each such person; (6) the Fair Market Value applicable to an Award; and (7) the terms of any Performance Award that is not valued in whole or in part by reference to, or otherwise based on, the Common Stock, including the amount of cash payment or other property that may be earned and the timing of payment.

(ii)          To construe and interpret the Plan and Awards granted under it, and to establish, amend and revoke rules and regulations for its administration.  The Board, in the exercise of this power, may correct any defect, omission or inconsistency in the Plan or in any Award Agreement, in a manner and to the extent it deems necessary or expedient to make the Plan or Award fully effective.

(iii)          To settle all controversies regarding the Plan and Awards granted under it.

(iv)          To accelerate the time at which an Award may first be exercised or the time during which an Award or any part thereof will vest, notwithstanding the provisions in the Award Agreement stating the time at which it may first be exercised or the time during which it will vest.

(v)          To prohibit the exercise of any Option, SAR or other exercisable Award during a period of up to 30 days prior to the consummation of any pending stock dividend, stock split, combination or exchange of shares, merger, consolidation or other distribution (other than normal cash dividends) of Company assets to stockholders, or any other change affecting the shares of Common Stock or the share price of the Common Stock including any Corporate Transaction, for reasons of administrative convenience.

11


(vi)          To suspend or terminate the Plan at any time.  Suspension or termination of the Plan will not Materially Impair rights and obligations under any Award granted while the Plan is in effect except with the written consent of the affected Participant.

(vii)          To amend the Plan in any respect the Board deems necessary or advisable; provided, however, that stockholder approval will be required for any amendment to the extent such stockholder approval is required by Applicable Law.  Except as provided above, rights under any Award granted before amendment of the Plan will not be Materially Impaired by any amendment of the Plan unless (1) the Company requests the consent of the affected Participant, and (2) such Participant consents in writing.

(viii)          To submit any amendment to the Plan for stockholder approval.

(ix)          To approve forms of Award Agreements for use under the Plan and to amend the terms of any one or more Awards, including, but not limited to, amendments to provide terms more favorable to the Participant than previously provided in the Award Agreement, subject to any specified limits in the Plan that are not subject to Board discretion; provided however, that, a Participant’s rights under any Award will not be Materially Impaired by any such amendment unless (1) the Company requests the consent of the affected Participant, and (2) such Participant consents in writing.

(x)          Generally, to exercise such powers and to perform such acts as the Board deems necessary or expedient to promote the best interests of the Company and that are not in conflict with the provisions of the Plan or Awards.

(xi)          To adopt such procedures and sub-plans as are necessary or appropriate to permit and facilitate participation in the Plan by, or take advantage of specific tax treatment for Awards granted to, Employees, Directors or Consultants who are foreign nationals or employed outside the United States (provided that Board approval will not be necessary for immaterial modifications to the Plan or any Award Agreement to ensure or facilitate compliance with the laws of the relevant foreign jurisdiction).

(xii)          To effect, at any time and from time to time, subject to the consent of any Participant whose Award is Materially Impaired by such action, (1) the reduction of the exercise price (or strike price) of any outstanding Option or SAR; (2) the cancellation of any outstanding Option or SAR and the grant in substitution therefor of (A) a new Option, SAR, Restricted Stock Award, RSU Award or Other Award, under the Plan or another equity plan of the Company, covering the same or a different number of shares of Common Stock, (B) cash and/or (C) other valuable consideration (as determined by the Board); or (3) any other action that is treated as a repricing under generally accepted accounting principles.

12


(c)          Delegation to Committee.

(i)          General.  The Board may delegate some or all of the administration of the Plan to a Committee or Committees.  If administration of the Plan is delegated to a Committee, the Committee will have, in connection with the administration of the Plan, the powers theretofore possessed by the Board that have been delegated to the Committee, including the power to delegate to another Committee or a subcommittee of the Committee any of the administrative powers the Committee is authorized to exercise (and references in this Plan to the Board will thereafter be to the Committee or subcommittee), subject, however, to such resolutions, not inconsistent with the provisions of the Plan, as may be adopted from time to time by the Board.  Each Committee may retain the authority to concurrently administer the Plan with Committee or subcommittee to which it has delegated its authority hereunder and may, at any time, revest in such Committee some or all of the powers previously delegated.  The Board may retain the authority to concurrently administer the Plan with any Committee and may, at any time, revest in the Board some or all of the powers previously delegated.

(ii)          Rule 16b-3 Compliance.  To the extent an Award is intended to qualify for the exemption from Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act that is available under Rule 16b-3 of the Exchange Act, the Award will be granted by the Board or a Committee that consists solely of two or more Non-Employee Directors, as determined under Rule 16b-3(b)(3) of the Exchange Act and thereafter any action establishing or modifying the terms of the Award will be approved by the Board or a Committee meeting such requirements to the extent necessary for such exemption to remain available.

(d)          Effect of Board’s Decision.  All determinations, interpretations and constructions made by the Board or any Committee in good faith will not be subject to review by any person and will be final, binding and conclusive on all persons.

(e)          Delegation to an Officer.  The Board or any Committee may delegate to one or more Officers the authority to do one or both of the following (i) designate Employees who are not Officers to be recipients of Options and SARs (and, to the extent permitted by Applicable Law, other types of Awards) and, to the extent permitted by Applicable Law, the terms thereof, and (ii) determine the number of shares of Common Stock to be subject to such Awards granted to such Employees; provided, however, that the resolutions or charter adopted by the Board or any Committee evidencing such delegation will specify the total number of shares of Common Stock that may be subject to the Awards granted by such Officer and that such Officer may not grant an Award to himself or herself.  Any such Awards will be granted on the applicable form of Award Agreement most recently approved for use by the Board or the Committee, unless otherwise provided in the resolutions approving the delegation authority.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, neither the Board nor any Committee may delegate to an Officer who is acting solely in the capacity of an Officer (and not also as a Director) the authority to determine the Fair Market Value.

13


8.          Tax Withholding

(a)          Withholding Authorization.  As a condition to acceptance of any Award under the Plan, a Participant authorizes withholding from payroll and any other amounts payable to such Participant, and otherwise agrees to make adequate provision for (including), any sums required to satisfy any U.S. federal, state, local and/or foreign tax or social insurance contribution withholding obligations of the Company or an Affiliate, if any, which arise in connection with the exercise, vesting or settlement of such Award, as applicable.  Accordingly, a Participant may not be able to exercise an Award even though the Award is vested, and the Company shall have no obligation to issue shares of Common Stock subject to an Award, unless and until such obligations are satisfied.

(b)          Satisfaction of Withholding Obligation.  To the extent permitted by the terms of an Award Agreement, the Company may, in its sole discretion, satisfy any U.S. federal, state, local and/or foreign tax or social insurance withholding obligation relating to an Award by any of the following means or by a combination of such means: (i) causing the Participant to tender a cash payment; (ii) withholding shares of Common Stock from the shares of Common Stock issued or otherwise issuable to the Participant in connection with the Award; (iii) withholding cash from an Award settled in cash; (iv) withholding payment from any amounts otherwise payable to the Participant; (v) by allowing a Participant to effectuate a “cashless exercise” pursuant to a program developed under Regulation T as promulgated by the Federal Reserve Board; or (vi) by such other method as may be set forth in the Award Agreement.

(c)          No Obligation to Notify or Minimize Taxes; No Liability to Claims.  Except as required by Applicable Law the Company has no duty or obligation to any Participant to advise such holder as to the time or manner of exercising such Award.  Furthermore, the Company has no duty or obligation to warn or otherwise advise such holder of a pending termination or expiration of an Award or a possible period in which the Award may not be exercised.  The Company has no duty or obligation to minimize the tax consequences of an Award to the holder of such Award and will not be liable to any holder of an Award for any adverse tax consequences to such holder in connection with an Award.  As a condition to accepting an Award under the Plan, each Participant (i) agrees to not make any claim against the Company, or any of its Officers, Directors, Employees or Affiliates related to tax liabilities arising from such Award or other Company compensation and (ii) acknowledges that such Participant was advised to consult with his or her own personal tax, financial and other legal advisors regarding the tax consequences of the Award and has either done so or knowingly and voluntarily declined to do so.  Additionally, each Participant acknowledges any Option or SAR granted under the Plan is exempt from Section 409A only if the exercise or strike price is at least equal to the “fair market value” of the Common Stock on the date of grant as determined by the Internal Revenue Service and there is no other impermissible deferral of compensation associated with the Award.  Additionally, as a condition to accepting an Option or SAR granted under the Plan, each Participant agrees not make any claim against the Company, or any of its Officers, Directors, Employees or Affiliates in the event that the Internal Revenue Service asserts that such exercise price or strike price is less than the “fair market value” of the Common Stock on the date of grant as subsequently determined by the Internal Revenue Service.

(d)          Withholding Indemnification. As a condition to accepting an Award under the Plan, in the event that the amount of the Company’s and/or its Affiliate’s withholding obligation in connection with such Award was greater than the amount actually withheld by the Company and/or its Affiliates, each Participant agrees to indemnify and hold the Company and/or its Affiliates harmless from any failure by the Company and/or its Affiliates to withhold the proper amount.

14


9.          Miscellaneous.

(a)          Source of Shares.  The stock issuable under the Plan will be shares of authorized but unissued or reacquired Common Stock, including shares repurchased by the Company on the open market or otherwise.

(b)          Use of Proceeds from Sales of Common Stock.  Proceeds from the sale of shares of Common Stock pursuant to Awards will constitute general funds of the Company.

(c)          Corporate Action Constituting Grant of Awards.  Corporate action constituting a grant by the Company of an Award to any Participant will be deemed completed as of the date of such corporate action, unless otherwise determined by the Board, regardless of when the instrument, certificate, or letter evidencing the Award is communicated to, or actually received or accepted by, the Participant.  In the event that the corporate records (e.g., Board consents, resolutions or minutes) documenting the corporate action approving the grant contain terms (e.g., exercise price, vesting schedule or number of shares) that are inconsistent with those in the Award Agreement or related grant documents as a result of a clerical error in the Award Agreement or related grant documents, the corporate records will control and the Participant will have no legally binding right to the incorrect term in the Award Agreement or related grant documents.

(d)          Stockholder Rights.  No Participant will be deemed to be the holder of, or to have any of the rights of a holder with respect to, any shares of Common Stock subject to such Award unless and until (i) such Participant has satisfied all requirements for exercise of the Award pursuant to its terms, if applicable, and (ii) the issuance of the Common Stock subject to such Award is reflected in the records of the Company.

(e)          No Employment or Other Service Rights.  Nothing in the Plan, any Award Agreement or any other instrument executed thereunder or in connection with any Award granted pursuant thereto will confer upon any Participant any right to continue to serve the Company or an Affiliate in the capacity in effect at the time the Award was granted or affect the right of the Company or an Affiliate to terminate at will and without regard to any future vesting opportunity that a Participant may have with respect to any Award (i) the employment of an Employee with or without notice and with or without cause, (ii) the service of a Consultant pursuant to the terms of such Consultant’s agreement with the Company or an Affiliate, or (iii) the service of a Director pursuant to the Bylaws of the Company or an Affiliate, and any applicable provisions of the corporate law of the state or foreign jurisdiction in which the Company or the Affiliate is incorporated, as the case may be.  Further, nothing in the Plan, any Award Agreement or any other instrument executed thereunder or in connection with any Award will constitute any promise or commitment by the Company or an Affiliate regarding the fact or nature of future positions, future work assignments, future compensation or any other term or condition of employment or service or confer any right or benefit under the Award or the Plan unless such right or benefit has specifically accrued under the terms of the Award Agreement and/or Plan.

15


(f)          Change in Time Commitment.  In the event a Participant’s regular level of time commitment in the performance of his or her services for the Company and any Affiliates is reduced (for example, and without limitation, if the Participant is an Employee of the Company and the Employee has a change in status from a full-time Employee to a part-time Employee or takes an extended leave of absence) after the date of grant of any Award to the Participant, the Board may determine, to the extent permitted by Applicable Law, to (i) make a corresponding reduction in the number of shares or cash amount subject to any portion of such Award that is scheduled to vest or become payable after the date of such change in time commitment, and (ii) in lieu of or in combination with such a reduction, extend the vesting or payment schedule applicable to such Award.  In the event of any such reduction, the Participant will have no right with respect to any portion of the Award that is so reduced or extended.

(g)          Execution of Additional Documents.  As a condition to accepting an Award under the Plan, the Participant agrees to execute any additional documents or instruments necessary or desirable, as determined in the Plan Administrator’s sole discretion, to carry out the purposes or intent of the Award, or facilitate compliance with securities and/or other regulatory requirements, in each case at the Plan Administrator’s request.

(h)          Electronic Delivery and Participation.  Any reference herein or in an Award Agreement to a “written” agreement or document will include any agreement or document delivered electronically, filed publicly at www.sec.gov (or any successor website thereto) or posted on the Company’s intranet (or other shared electronic medium controlled by the Company to which the Participant has access).  By accepting any Award the Participant consents to receive documents by electronic delivery and to participate in the Plan through any on-line electronic system established and maintained by the Plan Administrator or another third party selected by the Plan Administrator.  The form of delivery of any Common Stock (e.g., a stock certificate or electronic entry evidencing such shares) shall be determined by the Company.

(i)          Clawback/Recovery.  All Awards granted under the Plan will be subject to recoupment in accordance with any clawback policy that is adopted by the Company, including any policy that the Company is required to adopt pursuant to the listing standards of any national securities exchange or association on which the Company’s securities are listed or as is otherwise required by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act or other Applicable Law.  In addition, the Board may impose such other clawback, recovery or recoupment provisions in an Award Agreement as the Board determines necessary or appropriate, including but not limited to a reacquisition right in respect of previously acquired shares of Common Stock or other cash or property upon the occurrence of Cause.  No recovery of compensation under such a clawback policy will be an event giving rise to a Participant’s right to voluntarily terminate employment upon a “resignation for good reason,” or for a “constructive termination” or any similar term under any plan of or agreement with the Company.

(j)          Securities Law Compliance.  A Participant will not be issued any shares in respect of an Award unless either (i) the shares are registered under the Securities Act; or (ii) the Company has determined that such issuance would be exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act.  Each Award also must comply with other Applicable Law governing the Award, and a Participant will not receive such shares if the Company determines that such receipt would not be in material compliance with Applicable Law.

16


(k)          Transfer or Assignment of Awards; Issued Shares.  Except as expressly provided in the Plan or the form of Award Agreement, Awards granted under the Plan may not be transferred or assigned by the Participant.  After the vested shares subject to an Award have been issued, or in the case of Restricted Stock and similar awards, after the issued shares have vested, the holder of such shares is free to assign, hypothecate, donate, encumber or otherwise dispose of any interest in such shares provided that any such actions are in compliance with the provisions herein, the terms of the Trading Policy and Applicable Law.

(l)          Effect on Other Employee Benefit Plans. The value of any Award granted under the Plan, as determined upon grant, vesting or settlement, shall not be included as compensation, earnings, salaries, or other similar terms used when calculating any Participant’s benefits under any employee benefit plan sponsored by the Company or any Affiliate, except as such plan otherwise expressly provides.  The Company expressly reserves its rights to amend, modify, or terminate any of the Company’s or any Affiliate’s employee benefit plans.

(m)          Deferrals.  To the extent permitted by Applicable Law, the Board, in its sole discretion, may determine that the delivery of Common Stock or the payment of cash, upon the exercise, vesting or settlement of all or a portion of any Award may be deferred and may also establish programs and procedures for deferral elections to be made by Participants.  Deferrals will be made in accordance with the requirements of Section 409A.

(n)          Section 409A.  Unless otherwise expressly provided for in an Award Agreement, the Plan and Award Agreements will be interpreted to the greatest extent possible in a manner that makes the Plan and the Awards granted hereunder exempt from Section 409A, and, to the extent not so exempt, in compliance with the requirements of Section 409A.  If the Board determines that any Award granted hereunder is not exempt from and is therefore subject to Section 409A, the Award Agreement evidencing such Award will incorporate the terms and conditions necessary to avoid the consequences specified in Section 409A(a)(1) of the Code, and to the extent an Award Agreement is silent on terms necessary for compliance, such terms are hereby incorporated by reference into the Award Agreement.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Plan (and unless the Award Agreement specifically provides otherwise), if the shares of Common Stock are publicly traded, and if a Participant holding an Award that constitutes “deferred compensation” under Section 409A is a “specified employee” for purposes of Section 409A, no distribution or payment of any amount that is due because of a “separation from service” (as defined in Section 409A without regard to alternative definitions thereunder) will be issued or paid before the date that is six months and one day following the date of such Participant’s “separation from service” or, if earlier, the date of the Participant’s death, unless such distribution or payment can be made in a manner that complies with Section 409A, and any amounts so deferred will be paid in a lump sum on the day after such six month period elapses, with the balance paid thereafter on the original schedule.

(o)          Choice of Law.  This Plan and any controversy arising out of or relating to this Plan shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the internal laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to conflict of law principles that would result in any application of any law other than the law of the State of Delaware.

17


10.          Covenants of the Company.

(a)          Compliance with Law.  The Company will seek to obtain from each regulatory commission or agency, as may be deemed to be necessary, having jurisdiction over the Plan such authority as may be required to grant Awards and to issue and sell shares of Common Stock upon exercise or vesting of the Awards; provided, however, that this undertaking will not require the Company to register under the Securities Act the Plan, any Award or any Common Stock issued or issuable pursuant to any such Award.  If, after reasonable efforts and at a reasonable cost, the Company is unable to obtain from any such regulatory commission or agency the authority that counsel for the Company deems necessary or advisable for the lawful issuance and sale of Common Stock under the Plan, the Company will be relieved from any liability for failure to issue and sell Common Stock upon exercise or vesting of such Awards unless and until such authority is obtained.  A Participant is not eligible for the grant of an Award or the subsequent issuance of Common Stock pursuant to the Award if such grant or issuance would be in violation of any Applicable Law.

11.          Additional Rules for Awards Subject to Section 409A.

(a)          Application. Unless the provisions of this Section of the Plan are expressly superseded by the provisions in the form of Award Agreement, the provisions of this Section shall apply and shall supersede anything to the contrary set forth in the Award Agreement for a Non-Exempt Award.

(b)          Non-Exempt Awards Subject to Non-Exempt Severance Arrangements.  To the extent a Non-Exempt Award is subject to Section 409A due to application of a Non-Exempt Severance Arrangement, the following provisions of this subsection (b) apply.

(i)          If the Non-Exempt Award vests in the ordinary course during the Participant’s Continuous Service in accordance with the vesting schedule set forth in the Award Agreement, and does not accelerate vesting under the terms of a Non-Exempt Severance Arrangement, in no event will the shares be issued in respect of such Non-Exempt Award any later than the later of: (i) December 31st of the calendar year that includes the applicable vesting date, or (ii) the 60th day that follows the applicable vesting date.

(ii)          If vesting of the Non-Exempt Award accelerates under the terms of a Non-Exempt Severance Arrangement in connection with the Participant’s Separation from Service, and such vesting acceleration provisions were in effect as of the date of grant of the Non-Exempt Award and, therefore, are part of the terms of such Non-Exempt Award as of the date of grant, then the shares will be earlier issued in settlement of such Non-Exempt Award upon the Participant’s Separation from Service in accordance with the terms of the Non-Exempt Severance Arrangement, but in no event later than the 60th day that follows the date of the Participant’s Separation from Service.  However, if at the time the shares would otherwise be issued the Participant is subject to the distribution limitations contained in Section 409A applicable to “specified employees,” as defined in Section 409A(a)(2)(B)(i) of the Code, such shares shall not be issued before the date that is six months following the date of such Participant’s Separation from Service, or, if earlier, the date of the Participant’s death that occurs within such six month period.

18


(iii)          If vesting of a Non-Exempt Award accelerates under the terms of a Non-Exempt Severance Arrangement in connection with a Participant’s Separation from Service, and such vesting acceleration provisions were not in effect as of the date of grant of the Non-Exempt Award and, therefore, are not a part of the terms of such Non-Exempt Award on the date of grant, then such acceleration of vesting of the Non-Exempt Award shall not accelerate the issuance date of the shares, but the shares shall instead be issued on the same schedule as set forth in the Grant Notice as if they had vested in the ordinary course during the Participant’s Continuous Service, notwithstanding the vesting acceleration of the Non-Exempt Award.  Such issuance schedule is intended to satisfy the requirements of payment on a specified date or pursuant to a fixed schedule, as provided under Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A-3(a)(4).

(c)          Treatment of Non-Exempt Awards Upon a Corporate Transaction for Employees and Consultants.  The provisions of this subsection (c) shall apply and shall supersede anything to the contrary set forth in the Plan with respect to the permitted treatment of any Non-Exempt Award in connection with a Corporate Transaction if the Participant was either an Employee or Consultant upon the applicable date of grant of the Non-Exempt Award.

(i)          Vested Non-Exempt Awards.  The following provisions shall apply to any Vested Non-Exempt Award in connection with a Corporate Transaction:

(1)          If the Corporate Transaction is also a Section 409A Change in Control then the Acquiring Entity may not assume, continue or substitute the Vested Non-Exempt Award.  Upon the Section 409A Change in Control the settlement of the Vested Non-Exempt Award will automatically be accelerated and the shares will be immediately issued in respect of the Vested Non-Exempt Award.  Alternatively, the Company may instead provide that the Participant will receive a cash settlement equal to the Fair Market Value of the shares that would otherwise be issued to the Participant upon the Section 409A Change in Control.

(2)          If the Corporate Transaction is not also a Section 409A Change in Control, then the Acquiring Entity must either assume, continue or substitute each Vested Non-Exempt Award.  The shares to be issued in respect of the Vested Non-Exempt Award shall be issued to the Participant by the Acquiring Entity on the same schedule that the shares would have been issued to the Participant if the Corporate Transaction had not occurred.  In the Acquiring Entity’s discretion, in lieu of an issuance of shares, the Acquiring Entity may instead substitute a cash payment on each applicable issuance date, equal to the Fair Market Value of the shares that would otherwise be issued to the Participant on such issuance dates, with the determination of the Fair Market Value of the shares made on the date of the Corporate Transaction.

19


(ii)          Unvested Non-Exempt Awards.  The following provisions shall apply to any Unvested Non-Exempt Award unless otherwise determined by the Board pursuant to subsection (e) of this Section.

(1)          In the event of a Corporate Transaction, the Acquiring Entity shall assume, continue or substitute any Unvested Non-Exempt Award.  Unless otherwise determined by the Board, any Unvested Non-Exempt Award will remain subject to the same vesting and forfeiture restrictions that were applicable to the Award prior to the Corporate Transaction.  The shares to be issued in respect of any Unvested Non-Exempt Award shall be issued to the Participant by the Acquiring Entity on the same schedule that the shares would have been issued to the Participant if the Corporate Transaction had not occurred.  In the Acquiring Entity’s discretion, in lieu of an issuance of shares, the Acquiring Entity may instead substitute a cash payment on each applicable issuance date, equal to the Fair Market Value of the shares that would otherwise be issued to the Participant on such issuance dates, with the determination of Fair Market Value of the shares made on the date of the Corporate Transaction.

(2)          If the Acquiring Entity will not assume, substitute or continue any Unvested Non-Exempt Award in connection with a Corporate Transaction, then such Award shall automatically terminate and be forfeited upon the Corporate Transaction with no consideration payable to any Participant in respect of such forfeited Unvested Non-Exempt Award.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, to the extent permitted and in compliance with the requirements of Section 409A, the Board may in its discretion determine to elect to accelerate the vesting and settlement of the Unvested Non-Exempt Award upon the Corporate Transaction, or instead substitute a cash payment equal to the Fair Market Value of such shares that would otherwise be issued to the Participant, as further provided in subsection (e)(ii) below.  In the absence of such discretionary election by the Board, any Unvested Non-Exempt Award shall be forfeited without payment of any consideration to the affected Participants if the Acquiring Entity will not assume, substitute or continue the Unvested Non-Exempt Awards in connection with the Corporate Transaction.

(3)          The foregoing treatment shall apply with respect to all Unvested Non-Exempt Awards upon any Corporate Transaction, and regardless of whether or not such Corporate Transaction is also a Section 409A Change in Control.

(d)          Treatment of Non-Exempt Awards Upon a Corporate Transaction for Non-Employee Directors.  The following provisions of this subsection (d) shall apply and shall supersede anything to the contrary that may be set forth in the Plan with respect to the permitted treatment of a Non-Exempt Director Award in connection with a Corporate Transaction.

(i)          If the Corporate Transaction is also a Section 409A Change in Control then the Acquiring Entity may not assume, continue or substitute the Non-Exempt Director Award.  Upon the Section 409A Change in Control the vesting and settlement of any Non-Exempt Director Award will automatically be accelerated and the shares will be immediately issued to the Participant in respect of the Non-Exempt Director Award.  Alternatively, the Company may provide that the Participant will instead receive a cash settlement equal to the Fair Market Value of the shares that would otherwise be issued to the Participant upon the Section 409A Change in Control pursuant to the preceding provision.

(ii)          If the Corporate Transaction is not also a Section 409A Change in Control, then the Acquiring Entity must either assume, continue or substitute the Non-Exempt Director Award.  Unless otherwise determined by the Board, the Non-Exempt Director Award will remain subject to the same vesting and forfeiture restrictions that were applicable to the Award prior to the Corporate Transaction.  The shares to be issued in respect of the Non-Exempt Director Award shall be issued to the Participant by the Acquiring Entity on the same schedule that the shares would have been issued to the Participant if the Corporate Transaction had not occurred.  In the Acquiring Entity’s discretion, in lieu of an issuance of shares, the Acquiring Entity may instead substitute a cash payment on each applicable issuance date, equal to the Fair Market Value of the shares that would otherwise be issued to the Participant on such issuance dates, with the determination of Fair Market Value made on the date of the Corporate Transaction.

20


(e)          If the RSU Award is a Non-Exempt Award, then the provisions in this Section 11(e) shall apply and supersede anything to the contrary that may be set forth in the Plan or the Award Agreement with respect to the permitted treatment of such Non-Exempt Award:

(i)          Any exercise by the Board of discretion to accelerate the vesting of a Non-Exempt Award shall not result in any acceleration of the scheduled issuance dates for the shares in respect of the Non-Exempt Award unless earlier issuance of the shares upon the applicable vesting dates would be in compliance with the requirements of Section 409A.

(ii)          The Company explicitly reserves the right to earlier settle any Non-Exempt Award to the extent permitted and in compliance with the requirements of Section 409A, including pursuant to any of the exemptions available in Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A-3(j)(4)(ix).

(iii)          To the extent the terms of any Non-Exempt Award provide that it will be settled upon a Change in Control or Corporate Transaction, to the extent it is required for compliance with the requirements of Section 409A, the Change in Control or Corporate Transaction event triggering settlement must also constitute a Section 409A Change in Control.  To the extent the terms of a Non-Exempt Award provides that it will be settled upon a termination of employment or termination of Continuous Service, to the extent it is required for compliance with the requirements of Section 409A, the termination event triggering settlement must also constitute a Separation From Service.  However, if at the time the shares would otherwise be issued to a Participant in connection with a “separation from service” such Participant is subject to the distribution limitations contained in Section 409A applicable to “specified employees,” as defined in Section 409A(a)(2)(B)(i) of the Code, such shares shall not be issued before the date that is six months following the date of the Participant’s Separation From Service, or, if earlier, the date of the Participant’s death that occurs within such six month period.

(iv)          The provisions in this subsection (e) for delivery of the shares in respect of the settlement of an RSU Award that is a Non-Exempt Award are intended to comply with the requirements of Section 409A so that the delivery of the shares to the Participant in respect of such Non-Exempt Award will not trigger the additional tax imposed under Section 409A, and any ambiguities herein will be so interpreted.

12.          Severability.

If all or any part of the Plan or any Award Agreement is declared by any court or governmental authority to be unlawful or invalid, such unlawfulness or invalidity shall not invalidate any portion of the Plan or such Award Agreement not declared to be unlawful or invalid.  Any Section of the Plan or any Award Agreement (or part of such a Section) so declared to be unlawful or invalid shall, if possible, be construed in a manner which will give effect to the terms of such Section or part of a Section to the fullest extent possible while remaining lawful and valid.

21


13.          Termination of the Plan.

The Board may suspend or terminate the Plan at any time.  No Incentive Stock Options may be granted after the tenth anniversary of the earlier of: (i) the Adoption Date, or (ii) the date the Plan is approved by the Company’s stockholders.  No Awards may be granted under the Plan while the Plan is suspended or after it is terminated.

14.          Definitions.

As used in the Plan, the following definitions apply to the capitalized terms indicated below:

(a)          “Acquiring Entity” means the surviving or acquiring corporation (or its parent company) in connection with a Corporate Transaction.

(b)          “Adoption Date” means the date the Plan is first approved by the Board or Compensation Committee.

(c)          “Affiliate” means, at the time of determination, any “parent” or “subsidiary” of the Company as such terms are defined in Rule 405 promulgated under the Securities Act.  The Board may determine the time or times at which “parent” or “subsidiary” status is determined within the foregoing definition.

(d)          “Applicable Law” means any applicable securities, federal, state, foreign, material local or municipal or other law, statute, constitution, principle of common law, resolution, ordinance, code, edict, decree, rule, listing rule, regulation, judicial decision, ruling or requirement issued, enacted, adopted, promulgated, implemented or otherwise put into effect by or under the authority of any Governmental Body (including under the authority of any applicable self-regulating organization such as the Nasdaq Stock Market, New York Stock Exchange, or the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority).

(e)          “Award” means any right to receive Common Stock, cash or other property granted under the Plan (including an Incentive Stock Option, a Nonstatutory Stock Option, a Restricted Stock Award, an RSU Award, a SAR, a Performance Award or any Other Award).

(f)          “Award Agreement” means a written or electronic agreement between the Company and a Participant evidencing the terms and conditions of an Award.  The Award Agreement generally consists of the Grant Notice and the agreement containing the written summary of the general terms and conditions applicable to the Award and which is provided, including through electronic means, to a Participant along with the Grant Notice.

(g)          “Board” means the Board of Directors of the Company (or its designee).  Any decision or determination made by the Board shall be a decision or determination that is made in the sole discretion of the Board (or its designee), and such decision or determination shall be final and binding on all Participants.

(h)          Capitalization Adjustment” means any change that is made in, or other events that occur with respect to, the Common Stock subject to the Plan or subject to any Award after the date the Plan is adopted by the Board without the receipt of consideration by the Company through merger, consolidation, reorganization, recapitalization, reincorporation, stock dividend, dividend in property other than cash, large nonrecurring cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split, liquidating dividend, combination of shares, exchange of shares, change in corporate structure or any similar equity restructuring transaction, as that term is used in Statement of Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 718 (or any successor thereto).  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the conversion of any convertible securities of the Company will not be treated as a Capitalization Adjustment.

22


(i)          “Cause has the meaning ascribed to such term in any written agreement between a Participant and the Company defining such term and, in the absence of such agreement, such term means, with respect to a Participant, the occurrence of any of the following events: (i) the Participant’s dishonest statements or acts with respect to the Company or any Affiliate of the Company, or any current or prospective customers, suppliers, vendors or other third parties with which such entity does business; (ii) the Participant’s commission of (A) a felony or (B) any misdemeanor involving moral turpitude, deceit, dishonesty or fraud; (iii) the Participant’s failure to perform the Participant’s assigned duties and responsibilities to the reasonable satisfaction of the Company which failure continues, in the reasonable judgment of the Company, after written notice given to the Participant by the Company; (iv) the Participant’s gross negligence, willful misconduct or insubordination with respect to the Company or any Affiliate of the Company; or (v) the Participant’s material violation of any provision of any agreement(s) between the Participant and the Company relating to noncompetition, nonsolicitation, nondisclosure and/or assignment of inventions. The determination that a termination of the Participant’s Continuous Service is either for Cause or without Cause will be made by the Board with respect to Participants who are executive officers of the Company and by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer with respect to Participants who are not executive officers of the Company.  Any determination by the Company that the Continuous Service of a Participant was terminated with or without Cause for the purposes of outstanding Awards held by such Participant will have no effect upon any determination of the rights or obligations of the Company or such Participant for any other purpose.

(j)          “Change in Control” or “Change of Control” means the occurrence, in a single transaction or in a series of related transactions, of any one or more of the following events:

(i)          any Exchange Act Person becomes the Owner, directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing more than 50% of the combined voting power of the Company’s then outstanding securities other than by virtue of a merger, consolidation or similar transaction.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Change in Control shall not be deemed to occur (A) on account of the acquisition of securities of the Company directly from the Company, (B) on account of the acquisition of securities of the Company by an investor, any affiliate thereof or any other Exchange Act Person that acquires the Company’s securities in a transaction or series of related transactions the primary purpose of which is to obtain financing for the Company through the issuance of equity securities, or (C) solely because the level of Ownership held by any Exchange Act Person (the “Subject Person”) exceeds the designated percentage threshold of the outstanding voting securities as a result of a repurchase or other acquisition of voting securities by the Company reducing the number of shares outstanding, provided that if a Change in Control would occur (but for the operation of this sentence) as a result of the acquisition of voting securities by the Company, and after such share acquisition, the Subject Person becomes the Owner of any additional voting securities that, assuming the repurchase or other acquisition had not occurred, increases the percentage of the then outstanding voting securities Owned by the Subject Person over the designated percentage threshold, then a Change in Control shall be deemed to occur;

(ii)          there is consummated a merger, consolidation or similar transaction involving (directly or indirectly) the Company and, immediately after the consummation of such merger, consolidation or similar transaction, the stockholders of the Company immediately prior thereto do not Own, directly or indirectly, either (A) outstanding voting securities representing more than 50% of the combined outstanding voting power of the Acquiring Entity in such merger, consolidation or similar transaction or (B) more than 50% of the combined outstanding voting power of the parent of the Acquiring Entity in such merger, consolidation or similar transaction, in each case in substantially the same proportions as their Ownership of the outstanding voting securities of the Company immediately prior to such transaction;

23


(iii)          there is consummated a sale, lease, exclusive license or other disposition of all or substantially all of the consolidated assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries, other than a sale, lease, license or other disposition of all or substantially all of the consolidated assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries to an Entity, more than 50% of the combined voting power of the voting securities of which are Owned by stockholders of the Company in substantially the same proportions as their Ownership of the outstanding voting securities of the Company immediately prior to such sale, lease, license or other disposition; or

(iv)          individuals who, on the date the Plan is adopted by the Board, are members of the Board (the “Incumbent Board”) cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of the members of the Board; provided, however, that if the appointment or election (or nomination for election) of any new Board member was approved or recommended by a majority vote of the members of the Incumbent Board then still in office, such new member shall, for purposes of this Plan, be considered as a member of the Incumbent Board.

Notwithstanding the foregoing or any other provision of this Plan, (A) the term Change in Control shall not include a sale of assets, merger or other transaction effected exclusively for the purpose of changing the domicile of the Company, (B) the definition of Change in Control (or any analogous term) in an individual written agreement between the Company or any Affiliate and the Participant shall supersede the foregoing definition with respect to Awards subject to such agreement; provided, however, that if no definition of Change in Control or any analogous term is set forth in such an individual written agreement, the foregoing definition shall apply, and (C) with respect to any nonqualified deferred compensation that becomes payable on account of the Change in Control, the transaction or event described in clause (i), (ii), (iii), or (iv) also constitutes a Section 409A Change in Control if required in order for the payment not to violate Section 409A of the Code.

The consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement shall not constitute a Change in Control under the Plan.

(k)          “Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, including any applicable regulations and guidance thereunder.

(l)          “Committee” means the Compensation Committee and any other committee of one or more Directors to whom authority has been delegated by the Board or Compensation Committee in accordance with the Plan.

(m)          “Common Stock” means the common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the Company.

24


(n)          “Company” means Grindr Inc., a Delaware corporation.

(o)          “Compensation Committee” means the Compensation Committee of the Board.

(p)          Consultant” means any person, including an advisor, who is (i) engaged by the Company or an Affiliate to render consulting or advisory services and is compensated for such services, or (ii) serving as a member of the board of directors of an Affiliate and is compensated for such services.  However, service solely as a Director, or payment of a fee for such service, will not cause a Director to be considered a “Consultant” for purposes of the Plan.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, a person is treated as a Consultant under this Plan only if a Form S-8 Registration Statement under the Securities Act is available to register either the offer or the sale of the Company’s securities to such person.

(q)          “Continuous Service” means that the Participant’s service with the Company or an Affiliate, whether as an Employee, Director or Consultant, is not interrupted or terminated.  A change in the capacity in which the Participant renders service to the Company or an Affiliate as an Employee, Director or Consultant or a change in the Entity for which the Participant renders such service, provided that there is no interruption or termination of the Participant’s service with the Company or an Affiliate, will not terminate a Participant’s Continuous Service; provided, however, that if the Entity for which a Participant is rendering services ceases to qualify as an Affiliate, as determined by the Board, such Participant’s Continuous Service will be considered to have terminated on the date such Entity ceases to qualify as an Affiliate.  For example, a change in status from an Employee of the Company to a Consultant of an Affiliate or to a Director will not constitute an interruption of Continuous Service.  To the extent permitted by law, the Board or the chief executive officer of the Company, in that party’s sole discretion, may determine whether Continuous Service will be considered interrupted in the case of (i) any leave of absence approved by the Board or chief executive officer, including sick leave, military leave or any other personal leave, or (ii) transfers between the Company, an Affiliate, or their successors.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, a leave of absence will be treated as Continuous Service for purposes of vesting in an Award only to such extent as may be provided in the Company’s leave of absence policy, in the written terms of any leave of absence agreement or policy applicable to the Participant, or as otherwise required by law.  In addition, to the extent required for exemption from or compliance with Section 409A, the determination of whether there has been a termination of Continuous Service will be made, and such term will be construed, in a manner that is consistent with the definition of “separation from service” as defined under Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-1(h) (without regard to any alternative definition thereunder).

(r)          “Corporate Transaction” means the consummation, in a single transaction or in a series of related transactions, of any one or more of the following events:

(i)          a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all, as determined by the Board, of the consolidated assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries;

(ii)          a sale or other disposition of at least 50% of the outstanding securities of the Company;

25


(iii)          a merger, consolidation or similar transaction following which the Company is not the surviving corporation; or

(iv)          a merger, consolidation or similar transaction following which the Company is the surviving corporation but the shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately preceding the merger, consolidation or similar transaction are converted or exchanged by virtue of the merger, consolidation or similar transaction into other property, whether in the form of securities, cash or otherwise.

Notwithstanding the foregoing or any other provision of this Plan, (A) the term Corporate Transaction shall not include a sale of assets, merger or other transaction effected exclusively for the purpose of changing the domicile of the Company, (B) the definition of Corporate Transaction (or any analogous term) in an individual written agreement between the Company or any Affiliate and the Participant shall supersede the foregoing definition with respect to Awards subject to such agreement; provided, however, that if no definition of Corporate Transaction or any analogous term is set forth in such an individual written agreement, the foregoing definition shall apply, and (C) with respect to any nonqualified deferred compensation that becomes payable on account of the Corporate Transaction, the transaction or event described in clause (i), (ii), (iii), or (iv) also constitutes a Section 409A Change in Control if required in order for the payment not to violate Section 409A of the Code.

The consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement shall not constitute a Corporate Transaction under the Plan.

(s)          “Director” means a member of the Board.

(t)          “determine or determined means as determined by the Board or the Committee (or its designee) in its sole discretion.

(u)          “Disability” means, with respect to a Participant, such Participant is unable to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment which can be expected to result in death or which has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 12 months, as provided in Section 22(e)(3) of the Code, and will be determined by the Board on the basis of such medical evidence as the Board deems warranted under the circumstances.

(v)          “Effective Date” means the effective date of this Plan, which is the date of the closing of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, provided that this Plan is approved by the Company’s stockholders prior to such date.

(w)          “Effective Time” has the meaning set forth in the Merger Agreement.

(x)          Employee” means any person employed by the Company or an Affiliate.  However, service solely as a Director, or payment of a fee for such services, will not cause a Director to be considered an “Employee” for purposes of the Plan.

(y)          “Employer” means the Company or the Affiliate of the Company that employs the Participant.

26


(z)          “Entity” means a corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other entity.

(aa)          “Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

(bb)          “Exchange Act Person means any natural person, Entity or “group” (within the meaning of Section 13(d) or 14(d) of the Exchange Act), except that “Exchange Act Person” will not include (i) the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company, (ii) any employee benefit plan of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company or any trustee or other fiduciary holding securities under an employee benefit plan of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company, (iii) an underwriter temporarily holding securities pursuant to a registered public offering of such securities, (iv) an Entity Owned, directly or indirectly, by the stockholders of the Company in substantially the same proportions as their Ownership of stock of the Company; or (v) any natural person, Entity or “group” (within the meaning of Section 13(d) or 14(d) of the Exchange Act) that, as of the Effective Date, is the Owner, directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing more than 50% of the combined voting power of the Company’s then outstanding securities.

(cc)          “Fair Market Value” means, as of any date, unless otherwise determined by the Board, the value of the Common Stock (as determined on a per share or aggregate basis, as applicable) determined as follows:

(i)          If the Common Stock is listed on any established stock exchange or traded on any established market, the Fair Market Value will be the closing sales price for such stock as quoted on such exchange or market (or the exchange or market with the greatest volume of trading in the Common Stock) on the date of determination, as reported in a source the Board deems reliable.

(ii)          If there is no closing sales price for the Common Stock on the date of determination, then the Fair Market Value will be the closing selling price on the last preceding date for which such quotation exists.

(iii)          In the absence of such markets for the Common Stock, or if otherwise determined by the Board, the Fair Market Value will be determined by the Board in good faith and in a manner that complies with Sections 409A and 422 of the Code.

(dd)          “Governmental Body” means any: (i) nation, state, commonwealth, province, territory, county, municipality, district or other jurisdiction of any nature; (ii) federal, state, local, municipal, foreign or other government; (iii) governmental or regulatory body, or quasi-governmental body of any nature (including any governmental division, department, administrative agency or bureau, commission, authority, instrumentality, official, ministry, fund, foundation, center, organization, unit, body or Entity and any court or other tribunal, and for the avoidance of doubt, any Tax authority) or other body exercising similar powers or authority; or (iv) self-regulatory organization (including the Nasdaq Stock Market, New York Stock Exchange, and the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority).

27


(ee)          “Grant Notice” means the notice provided to a Participant that he or she has been granted an Award under the Plan and which includes the name of the Participant, the type of Award, the date of grant of the Award, number of shares of Common Stock subject to the Award or potential cash payment right, (if any), the vesting schedule for the Award (if any) and other key terms applicable to the Award.

(ff)          “Incentive Stock Option” means an option granted pursuant to Section 4 of the Plan that is intended to be, and qualifies as, an “incentive stock option” within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code.

(gg)          “Materially Impair means any amendment to the terms of the Award that materially adversely affects the Participant’s rights under the Award.  A Participant’s rights under an Award will not be deemed to have been Materially Impaired by any such amendment if the Board, in its sole discretion, determines that the amendment, taken as a whole, does not materially impair the Participant’s rights.  For example, the following types of amendments to the terms of an Award do not Materially Impair the Participant’s rights under the Award: (i) imposition of reasonable restrictions on the minimum number of shares subject to an Option or SAR that may be exercised, (ii) to maintain the qualified status of the Award as an Incentive Stock Option under Section 422 of the Code, (iii) to change the terms of an Incentive Stock Option in a manner that disqualifies, impairs or otherwise affects the qualified status of the Award as an Incentive Stock Option under Section 422 of the Code, (iv) to clarify the manner of exemption from, or to bring the Award into compliance with or qualify it for an exemption from, Section 409A,or (v) to comply with other Applicable Laws.

(hh)          “Merger Agreement” means that certain agreement and plan of merger, dated as of May 9, 2022, by and among the Company, Tiga Merger Sub LLC and Grindr, as amended by the first amendment to the Merger Agreement, dated as of October 5, 2022, by and among the Company, Tiga Merger Sub LLC, Tiga Merger Sub II LLC and Grindr.

(ii)          “Non-Employee Director means a Director who either (i) is not a current employee or officer of the Company or an Affiliate, does not receive compensation, either directly or indirectly, from the Company or an Affiliate for services rendered as a consultant or in any capacity other than as a Director (except for an amount as to which disclosure would not be required under Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K promulgated pursuant to the Securities Act (“Regulation S-K”)), does not possess an interest in any other transaction for which disclosure would be required under Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K, and is not engaged in a business relationship for which disclosure would be required pursuant to Item 404(b) of Regulation S-K; or (ii) is otherwise considered a “non-employee director” for purposes of Rule 16b-3.

(jj)          “Non-Exempt Award means any Award that is subject to, and not exempt from, Section 409A, including as the result of (i) a deferral of the issuance of the shares subject to the Award which is elected by the Participant or imposed by the Company, or (ii) the terms of any Non-Exempt Severance Agreement.

(kk)          “Non-Exempt Director Award” means a Non-Exempt Award granted to a Participant who was a Director but not an Employee on the applicable grant date.

(ll)          “Non-Exempt Severance Arrangement” means a severance arrangement or other agreement between the Participant and the Company that provides for acceleration of vesting of an Award and issuance of the shares in respect of such Award upon the Participant’s termination of employment or separation from service (as such term is defined in Section 409A(a)(2)(A)(i) of the Code (and without regard to any alternative definition thereunder) (“Separation from Service”) and such severance benefit does not satisfy the requirements for an exemption from application of Section 409A provided under Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A-1(b)(4), 1.409A-1(b)(9) or otherwise.

28


(mm)          “Nonstatutory Stock Option” means any option granted pursuant to Section 4 of the Plan that does not qualify as an Incentive Stock Option.

(nn)          “Officer” means a person who is an officer of the Company within the meaning of Section 16 of the Exchange Act.

(oo)          “Option” means an Incentive Stock Option or a Nonstatutory Stock Option to purchase shares of Common Stock granted pursuant to the Plan.

(pp)          “Option Agreement” means a written or electronic agreement between the Company and the Optionholder evidencing the terms and conditions of the Option grant.  The Option Agreement includes the Grant Notice for the Option and the agreement containing the written summary of the general terms and conditions applicable to the Option and which is provided, including through electronic means, to a Participant along with the Grant Notice.  Each Option Agreement will be subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan.

(qq)          “Optionholder” means a person to whom an Option is granted pursuant to the Plan or, if applicable, such other person who holds an outstanding Option.

(rr)          “Other Award” means an award valued in whole or in part by reference to, or otherwise based on, Common Stock, including the appreciation in value thereof (e.g., options or stock rights with an exercise price or strike price less than 100% of the Fair Market Value at the time of grant) that is not an Incentive Stock Option, Nonstatutory Stock Option, SAR, Restricted Stock Award, RSU Award or Performance Award.

(ss)          Other Award Agreement means a written or electronic agreement between the Company and a holder of an Other Award evidencing the terms and conditions of an Other Award grant.  Each Other Award Agreement will be subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan.

(tt)          “Own, Owned, Owner, Ownership means that a person or Entity will be deemed to “Own,” to have “Owned,” to be the “Owner” of, or to have acquired “Ownership” of securities if such person or Entity, directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise, has or shares voting power, which includes the power to vote or to direct the voting, with respect to such securities.

(uu)          “Participant” means an Employee, Director or Consultant to whom an Award is granted pursuant to the Plan or, if applicable, such other person who holds an outstanding Award.

(vv)          “Performance Award” means an Award that may vest or may be exercised or a cash award that may vest or become earned and paid contingent upon the attainment during a Performance Period of certain Performance Goals and which is granted under the terms and conditions of Section 5(b) pursuant to such terms as are approved by the Board.  In addition, to the extent permitted by Applicable Law and set forth in the applicable Award Agreement, the Board may determine that cash or other property may be used in payment of Performance Awards.  Performance Awards that are settled in cash or other property are not required to be valued in whole or in part by reference to, or otherwise based on, the Common Stock.

29


(ww)          “Performance Criteria” means the one or more criteria that the Board will select for purposes of establishing the Performance Goals for a Performance Period.  The Performance Criteria that will be used to establish such Performance Goals may be based on any one of, or combination of, the following as determined by the Board: earnings (including earnings per share and net earnings); earnings before interest, taxes and depreciation; earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization; total stockholder return; return on equity or average stockholder’s equity; return on assets, investment, or capital employed; stock price; margin (including gross margin); income (before or after taxes); operating income; operating income after taxes; pre-tax profit; operating cash flow; sales or revenue targets; increases in revenue or product revenue; expenses and cost reduction goals; improvement in or attainment of working capital levels; economic value added (or an equivalent metric); market share; cash flow; cash flow per share; share price performance; debt reduction; customer satisfaction; stockholders’ equity; capital expenditures; debt levels; operating profit or net operating profit; workforce diversity; growth of net income or operating income; billings; financing; regulatory milestones; stockholder liquidity; corporate governance and compliance; intellectual property; personnel matters; progress of internal research; progress of partnered programs;  partner satisfaction; budget management; partner or collaborator achievements; internal controls, including those related to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002; investor relations, analysts and communication; implementation or completion of projects or processes; employee retention; number of users, including unique users; strategic partnerships or transactions (including in-licensing and out-licensing of intellectual property); establishing relationships with respect to the marketing, distribution and sale of the Company’s products; supply chain achievements; co-development, co-marketing, profit sharing, joint venture or other similar arrangements; individual performance goals; corporate development and planning goals; and other measures of performance selected by the Board or Committee whether or not listed herein.

(xx)          “Performance Goals” means, for a Performance Period, the one or more goals established by the Board for the Performance Period based upon the Performance Criteria.  Performance Goals may be based on a Company-wide basis, with respect to one or more business units, divisions, Affiliates, or business segments, and in either absolute terms or relative to the performance of one or more comparable companies or the performance of one or more relevant indices.  Unless specified otherwise by the Board (i) in the Award Agreement at the time the Award is granted or (ii) in such other document setting forth the Performance Goals at the time the Performance Goals are established, the Board will appropriately make adjustments in the method of calculating the attainment of Performance Goals for a Performance Period as follows: (1) to exclude restructuring and/or other nonrecurring charges; (2) to exclude exchange rate effects; (3) to exclude the effects of changes to generally accepted accounting principles; (4) to exclude the effects of any statutory adjustments to corporate tax rates; (5) to exclude the effects of items that are “unusual” in nature or occur “infrequently” as determined under generally accepted accounting principles; (6) to exclude the dilutive effects of acquisitions or joint ventures; (7) to assume that any business divested by the Company achieved performance objectives at targeted levels during the balance of a Performance Period following such divestiture; (8) to exclude the effect of any change in the outstanding shares of common stock of the Company by reason of any stock dividend or split, stock repurchase, reorganization, recapitalization, merger, consolidation, spin-off, combination or exchange of shares or other similar corporate change, or any distributions to common stockholders other than regular cash dividends; (9) to exclude the effects of stock based compensation and the award of bonuses under the Company’s bonus plans; (10) to exclude costs incurred in connection with potential acquisitions or divestitures that are required to be expensed under generally accepted accounting principles; and (11) to exclude the goodwill and intangible asset impairment charges that are required to be recorded under generally accepted accounting principles.  In addition, the Board may establish or provide for other adjustment items in the Award Agreement at the time the Award is granted or in such other document setting forth the Performance Goals at the time the Performance Goals are established. In addition, the Board retains the discretion to reduce or eliminate the compensation or economic benefit due upon attainment of Performance Goals and to define the manner of calculating the Performance Criteria it selects to use for such Performance Period.  Partial achievement of the specified criteria may result in the payment or vesting corresponding to the degree of achievement as specified in the Award Agreement or the written terms of a Performance Cash Award.

30


(yy)          “Performance Period” means the period of time selected by the Board over which the attainment of one or more Performance Goals will be measured for the purpose of determining a Participant’s right to vesting or exercise of an Award.  Performance Periods may be of varying and overlapping duration, at the sole discretion of the Board.

(zz)          “Plan” means this Grindr Inc. 2022 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended from time to time.

(aaa)          “Plan Administrator” means the person, persons, and/or third-party administrator designated by the Company to administer the day to day operations of the Plan and the Company’s other equity incentive programs.

(bbb)          Post-Termination Exercise Period” means the period following termination of a Participant’s Continuous Service within which an Option or SAR is exercisable, as described in Section 4(h).

(ccc)          Restricted Stock Award” or “RSA” means an Award of shares of Common Stock which is granted pursuant to the terms and conditions of Section 5(a).

(ddd)          Restricted Stock Award Agreement” means a written or electronic agreement between the Company and a holder of a Restricted Stock Award evidencing the terms and conditions of a Restricted Stock Award grant.  The Restricted Stock Award Agreement includes the Grant Notice for the Restricted Stock Award and the agreement containing the written summary of the general terms and conditions applicable to the Restricted Stock Award and which is provided, including by electronic means, to a Participant along with the Grant Notice.  Each Restricted Stock Award Agreement will be subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan.

31


(eee)          RSU Award” or “RSU means an Award of restricted stock units representing the right to receive an issuance of shares of Common Stock which is granted pursuant to the terms and conditions of Section 5(a).

(fff)          “RSU Award Agreement means a written or electronic agreement between the Company and a holder of an RSU Award evidencing the terms and conditions of an RSU Award.  The RSU Award Agreement includes the Grant Notice for the RSU Award and the agreement containing the written summary of the general terms and conditions applicable to the RSU Award and which is provided, including by electronic means, to a Participant along with the Grant Notice.  Each RSU Award Agreement will be subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan.

(ggg)          “Rule 16b-3” means Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act or any successor to Rule 16b-3, as in effect from time to time.

(hhh)          “Rule 405” means Rule 405 promulgated under the Securities Act.

(iii)          “Section 409A” means Section 409A of the Code and the regulations and other guidance thereunder.

(jjj)          “Section 409A Change in Control” means a change in the ownership or effective control of the Company, or in the ownership of a substantial portion of the Company’s assets, as provided in Section 409A(a)(2)(A)(v) of the Code and Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A-3(i)(5) (without regard to any alternative definition thereunder).

(kkk)          “Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

(lll)          Share Reserve” means the number of shares available for issuance under the Plan as set forth in Section 2(a).

(mmm)          “Stock Appreciation Right” or “SAR means a right to receive the appreciation on Common Stock that is granted pursuant to the terms and conditions of Section 4.

(nnn)          “SAR Agreement” means a written or electronic agreement between the Company and a holder of a SAR evidencing the terms and conditions of a SAR grant.  The SAR Agreement includes the Grant Notice for the SAR and the agreement containing the written summary of the general terms and conditions applicable to the SAR and which is provided, including by electronic means, to a Participant along with the Grant Notice.  Each SAR Agreement will be subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan.

(ooo)          “Subsidiary” means, with respect to the Company, (i) any corporation of which more than 50% of the outstanding capital stock having ordinary voting power to elect a majority of the board of directors of such corporation (irrespective of whether, at the time, stock of any other class or classes of such corporation will have or might have voting power by reason of the happening of any contingency) is at the time, directly or indirectly, Owned by the Company, and (ii) any partnership, limited liability company or other entity in which the Company has a direct or indirect interest (whether in the form of voting or participation in profits or capital contribution) of more than 50%.

32


(ppp)          “Ten Percent Stockholder” means a person who Owns (or is deemed to Own pursuant to Section 424(d) of the Code) stock possessing more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or any Affiliate.

(qqq)          “Trading Policy” means the Company’s policy permitting certain individuals to sell Company shares only during certain “window” periods and/or otherwise restricts the ability of certain individuals to transfer or encumber Company shares, as in effect from time to time.

(rrr)          “Unvested Non-Exempt Award” means the portion of any Non-Exempt Award that had not vested in accordance with its terms upon or prior to the date of any Corporate Transaction.

(sss)          “Vested Non-Exempt Award” means the portion of any Non-Exempt Award that had vested in accordance with its terms upon or prior to the date of a Corporate Transaction.

33


Grindr Inc.
Stock Option Grant Notice
(2022 Equity Incentive Plan)

Grindr Inc. (the “Company”), pursuant to the Company’s 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (the ”Plan”), has granted to you (“Optionholder”) an option to purchase the number of shares of the Common Stock set forth below (the “Option”). Your Option is subject to all of the terms and conditions as set forth herein and in the Plan, and the Stock Option Agreement and the Notice of Exercise, all of which are attached hereto and incorporated herein in their entirety. Capitalized terms not explicitly defined herein but defined in the Plan or the Stock Option Agreement shall have the meanings set forth in the Plan or the Stock Option Agreement, as applicable.

 
Optionholder:
 
 
Date of Grant:
 
 
Vesting Commencement Date:
 
 
Number of Shares of Common Stock Subject to Option:
 
 
Exercise Price (Per Share):
 
 
Total Exercise Price:
 
 
Expiration Date:
 

Type of Grant:
[Incentive Stock Option] OR [Nonstatutory Stock Option]
   
Exercise and
Vesting Schedule:
Subject to the Optionholder’s Continuous Service through each applicable vesting date, the Option will vest as follows:
   
 
[                                                                                           ]

Optionholder Acknowledgements: By your signature below or by electronic acceptance or authentication in a form authorized by the Company, you understand and agree that:


The Option is governed by this Stock Option Grant Notice (this “Grant Notice”), and the provisions of the Plan and the Stock Option Agreement and the Notice of Exercise, all of which are made a part of this document. Unless otherwise provided in the Plan, this Grant Notice and the Stock Option Agreement (together, the “Option Agreement”) may not be modified, amended or revised except in a writing signed by you and a duly authorized officer of the Company.


[If the Option is an Incentive Stock Option, it (plus other outstanding Incentive Stock Options granted to you) cannot be first exercisable for more than $100,000 in value (measured by exercise price) in any calendar year. Any excess over $100,000 is a Nonstatutory Stock Option.]1


You consent to receive this Grant Notice, the Stock Option Agreement, the Plan, the Prospectus and any other Plan-related documents by electronic delivery and to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established and maintained by the Company or another third party designated by the Company.



1 If this is an Incentive Stock Option, it (plus other outstanding Incentive Stock Options) cannot be first exercisable for more than $100,000 in value (measured by exercise price) in any calendar year. Any excess over $100,000 is a Nonstatutory Stock Option.
1



You have read and are familiar with the provisions of the Plan, the Stock Option Agreement, the Notice of Exercise and the Prospectus. In the event of any conflict between the provisions in this Grant Notice, the Stock Option Agreement, the Notice of Exercise, or the Prospectus and the terms of the Plan, the terms of the Plan shall control.


The Option Agreement sets forth the entire understanding between you and the Company regarding the acquisition of Common Stock and supersedes all prior oral and written agreements, promises and/or representations on that subject with the exception of other equity awards previously granted to you and any written employment agreement, offer letter, severance agreement, written severance plan or policy, or other written agreement between the Company and you in each case that specifies the terms that should govern this Option.


Counterparts may be delivered via facsimile, electronic mail (including pdf or any electronic signature complying with the U.S. federal ESIGN Act of 2000, Uniform Electronic Transactions Act or other applicable law) or other transmission method and any counterpart so delivered will be deemed to have been duly and validly delivered and be valid and effective for all purposes.

Grindr Inc.
 
Optionholder:
         
By:
     
 
Signature
 
Signature
         
Title:
   
Date:
 
         
Date:
       

Attachments: Stock Option Agreement, 2022 Equity Incentive Plan, Notice of Exercise, Prospectus

2


Attachment I

Grindr Inc.
Stock Option Agreement
(2022 Equity Incentive Plan)

As reflected by your Stock Option Grant Notice (“Grant Notice”), Grindr Inc. (the “Company”) has granted you an option under the Company’s 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) to purchase a number of shares of Common Stock at the exercise price indicated in your Grant Notice (the “Option”). Capitalized terms not explicitly defined in this Agreement but defined in the Grant Notice or the Plan shall have the meanings set forth in the Grant Notice or Plan, as applicable. The terms of your Option as specified in the Grant Notice and this Stock Option Agreement constitute your Option Agreement.

The general terms and conditions applicable to your Option are as follows:

1.          Governing Plan Document. Your Option is subject to all the provisions of the Plan, including but not limited to the provisions in:

(a)          Section 6 regarding the impact of a Capitalization Adjustment, dissolution, liquidation, or Corporate Transaction on your Option;

(b)          Section 9(e) regarding the Company’s retained rights to terminate your Continuous Service notwithstanding the grant of the Option; and

(c)          Section 8 regarding the tax consequences of your Option.

Your Option is further subject to all interpretations, amendments, rules and regulations, which may from time to time be promulgated and adopted pursuant to the Plan. In the event of any conflict between the Option Agreement and the provisions of the Plan, the provisions of the Plan shall control.

2.          Vesting. Your Option will vest as provided in your Grant Notice, subject to the provisions contained herein and the terms of the Plan. Vesting will cease upon the termination of your Continuous Service.

3.          Exercise.

(a)          You may generally exercise the vested portion of your Option for whole shares of Common Stock at any time during its term by delivery of payment of the exercise price and applicable withholding taxes and other required documentation to the Plan Administrator in accordance with the exercise procedures established by the Plan Administrator, which may include an electronic submission. Please review Sections 4(i), 4(j) and 7(b)(v) of the Plan, which may restrict or prohibit your ability to exercise your Option during certain periods.

(b)          To the extent permitted by Applicable Law, you may pay your Option exercise price as follows:

(i)          cash, check, bank draft or money order;

Attachment I-1


(ii)          subject to Company and/or Committee consent at the time of exercise, pursuant to a “cashless exercise” program as further described in Section 4(c)(ii) of the Plan if at the time of exercise the Common Stock is publicly traded;

(iii)          subject to Company and/or Committee consent at the time of exercise, by delivery of previously owned shares of Common Stock as further described in Section 4(c)(iii) of the Plan; or

(iv)          subject to Company and/or Committee consent at the time of exercise, if the Option is a Nonstatutory Stock Option, by a “net exercise” arrangement as further described in Section 4(c)(iv) of the Plan.

4.          Term. You may not exercise your Option before the commencement of its term or after its term expires. The term of your Option commences on the Date of Grant and expires upon the earliest of the following:

(a)          immediately upon the termination of your Continuous Service for Cause;

(b)          three months after the termination of your Continuous Service for any reason other than Cause, Disability or death;

(c)          12 months after the termination of your Continuous Service due to your Disability;

(d)          18 months after your death if you die during your Continuous Service;

(e)          immediately upon a Corporate Transaction if the Board has determined that the Option will terminate in connection with a Corporate Transaction;

(f)          the Expiration Date indicated in your Grant Notice; or

(g)          the day before the 10th anniversary of the Date of Grant.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, if you die during the period provided in Section 4(b) or 4(c) above, the term of your Option shall not expire until the earlier of (i) 18 months after your death, (ii) upon any termination of the Option in connection with a Corporate Transaction, (iii) the Expiration Date indicated in your Grant Notice, or (iv) the day before the tenth anniversary of the Date of Grant. Additionally, the Post-Termination Exercise Period of your Option may be extended as provided in Section 4(i) of the Plan.

To obtain the federal income tax advantages associated with an Incentive Stock Option, the Code requires that at all times beginning on the date of grant of your Option and ending on the day three months before the date of your Option’s exercise, you must be an employee of the Company or an Affiliate, except in the event of your death or Disability. If the Company provides for the extended exercisability of your Option under certain circumstances for your benefit, your Option will not necessarily be treated as an Incentive Stock Option if you exercise your Option more than three months after the date your employment terminates.

5.          Withholding Obligations. As further provided in Section 8 of the Plan: (a) you may not exercise your Option unless the applicable tax withholding obligations are satisfied; and (b) at the time you exercise your Option, in whole or in part, or at any time thereafter as requested by the Company, you hereby authorize withholding from payroll and any other amounts payable to you, and otherwise agree to make adequate provision for (including by means of a “cashless exercise” pursuant to a program developed under Regulation T as promulgated by the Federal Reserve Board to the extent permitted by the Company), any sums required to satisfy the federal, state, local and foreign tax withholding obligations, if any, which arise in connection with the exercise of your Option in accordance with the withholding procedures established by the Company. Accordingly, you may not be able to exercise your Option even though the Option is vested, and the Company shall have no obligation to issue shares of Common Stock subject to your Option, unless and until such obligations are satisfied. In the event that the amount of the Company’s withholding obligation in connection with your Option was greater than the amount actually withheld by the Company, you agree to indemnify and hold the Company harmless from any failure by the Company to withhold the proper amount.

Attachment I-2


6.          Incentive Stock Option Disposition Requirement. If your Option is an Incentive Stock Option, you must notify the Company in writing within 15 days after the date of any disposition of any of the shares of the Common Stock issued upon exercise of your Option that occurs within two years after the date of your Option grant or within one year after such shares of Common Stock are transferred upon exercise of your Option.

7.          Transferability. Except as otherwise provided in Section 4(e) of the Plan, your Option is not transferable, except by will or by the applicable laws of descent and distribution, and is exercisable during your life only by you.

8.          Corporate Transaction. Your Option is subject to the terms of any agreement governing a Corporate Transaction involving the Company, including, without limitation, a provision for the appointment of a stockholder representative that is authorized to act on your behalf with respect to any escrow, indemnities and any contingent consideration.

9.          No Liability for Taxes. As a condition to accepting the Option, you hereby (a) agree to not make any claim against the Company, or any of its Officers, Directors, Employees or Affiliates related to tax liabilities arising from the Option or other Company compensation and (b) acknowledge that you were advised to consult with your own personal tax, financial and other legal advisors regarding the tax consequences of the Option and have either done so or knowingly and voluntarily declined to do so. Additionally, you acknowledge that the Option is exempt from Section 409A only if the exercise price is at least equal to the “fair market value” of the Common Stock on the date of grant as determined by the Internal Revenue Service and there is no other impermissible deferral of compensation associated with the Option. Additionally, as a condition to accepting the Option, you agree not make any claim against the Company, or any of its Officers, Directors, Employees or Affiliates in the event that the Internal Revenue Service asserts that such exercise is less than the “fair market value” of the Common Stock on the date of grant as subsequently determined by the Internal Revenue Service.

10.          Severability. If any part of this Option Agreement or the Plan is declared by any court or governmental authority to be unlawful or invalid, such unlawfulness or invalidity will not invalidate any portion of this Option Agreement or the Plan not declared to be unlawful or invalid. Any Section of this Option Agreement (or part of such a Section) so declared to be unlawful or invalid will, if possible, be construed in a manner which will give effect to the terms of such Section or part of a Section to the fullest extent possible while remaining lawful and valid.

11.          Other Documents. You hereby acknowledge receipt of or the right to receive a document providing the information required by Rule 428(b)(1) promulgated under the Securities Act, which includes the Prospectus. In addition, you acknowledge receipt of the Company’s Trading Policy.

12.          Questions. If you have questions regarding these or any other terms and conditions applicable to your Option, including a summary of the applicable federal income tax consequences please see the Prospectus.

*  *  *  *

Attachment I-3


Attachment II

2022 Equity Incentive Plan

Attachment II-1


Attachment III

Grindr Inc.
Notice of Exercise
(2022 Equity Incentive Plan)

Grindr Inc.
[ADDRESS]
Date of Exercise: _______________

This constitutes notice to Grindr Inc. (the “Company”) that I elect to purchase the below number of shares of Common Stock of the Company (the ”Shares”) by exercising my Option for the price set forth below. Capitalized terms not explicitly defined in this Notice of Exercise but defined in the Stock Option Grant Notice, Stock Option Agreement or 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (the ”Plan”) shall have the meanings set forth in the Stock Option Grant Notice, Stock Option Agreement or Plan, as applicable. Use of certain payment methods is subject to Company and/or Committee consent and certain additional requirements set forth in the Stock Option Agreement and the Plan.

 
Type of option (check one):
Incentive  ☐
Nonstatutory  ☐
       
 
Date of Grant:
_______________
 
       
 
Number of Shares as
to which Option is
exercised:
_______________
 
       
 
Certificates to be
issued in name of:
_______________
 
       
 
Total exercise price:
$______________
 
       
 
Cash, check, bank draft or money order delivered herewith:
$______________
 
       
 
Value of ________ Shares delivered herewith:
$______________
 
       
 
Regulation T Program (cashless exercise):
$______________
  
       
 
Value of _______ Shares pursuant to net exercise:
$______________
  

By this exercise, I agree (i) to provide such additional documents as you may require pursuant to the terms of the Plan, (ii) to satisfy the tax withholding obligations, if any, relating to the exercise of this Option as set forth in the Stock Option Agreement, and (iii) if this exercise relates to an incentive stock option, to notify you in writing within 15 days after the date of any disposition of any of the Shares issued upon exercise of this Option that occurs within two years after the Date of Grant or within one year after such Shares are issued upon exercise of this Option.

Attachment III-1

 
Very truly yours,
   
   



[Signature Page to the Notice of Exercise – Grindr Inc.]


Attachment IV

Prospectus

Attachment IV-1


Grindr Inc.
RSU Award Grant Notice
(2022 Equity Incentive Plan)

Grindr Inc. (the “Company”) has awarded to you (the “Participant”) the number of restricted stock units specified and on the terms set forth below in consideration of your services (the “RSU Award”). Your RSU Award is subject to all of the terms and conditions as set forth herein and in the Company’s 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) and the Award Agreement (the “Agreement”), which are attached hereto and incorporated herein in their entirety. Capitalized terms not explicitly defined herein but defined in the Plan or the Agreement shall have the meanings set forth in the Plan or the Agreement.

 
Participant:
 
 
Date of Grant:
 
 
Vesting Commencement Date:
 
 
Number of Restricted Stock Units:
 

Vesting Schedule:
[______________________________________________________].
 
Notwithstanding the foregoing, vesting shall terminate upon the Participant’s termination of Continuous Service.
   
Issuance Schedule:
One share of Common Stock will be issued at the time set forth in Section 6 of the Agreement for each restricted stock unit which vests.

Participant Acknowledgements: By your signature below or by electronic acceptance or authentication in a form authorized by the Company, you understand and agree that:


The RSU Award is governed by this RSU Award Grant Notice (the “Grant Notice”), and the provisions of the Plan and the Agreement, all of which are made a part of this document. Unless otherwise provided in the Plan, this Grant Notice and the Agreement (together, the “RSU Award Agreement”) may not be modified, amended or revised except in a writing signed by you and a duly authorized officer of the Company.


You consent to receive this Grant Notice, the Agreement, the Plan, the Prospectus and any other Plan-related documents by electronic delivery and to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established and maintained by the Company or another third party designated by the Company.


You have read and are familiar with the provisions of the Plan, the RSU Award Agreement and the Prospectus. In the event of any conflict between the provisions in the RSU Award Agreement, or the Prospectus and the terms of the Plan, the terms of the Plan shall control.


The RSU Award Agreement sets forth the entire understanding between you and the Company regarding the acquisition of Common Stock and supersedes all prior oral and written agreements, promises and/or representations on that subject with the exception of: (i) other equity awards previously granted to you, and (ii) any written employment agreement, offer letter, severance agreement, written severance plan or policy, or other written agreement between the Company and you in each case that specifies the terms that should govern this RSU Award.

1


Grindr Inc.
 
Participant:
         
By:
     
 
Signature
 
Signature
         
Title:
   
Date:
 
         
Date:
       

Attachments:
RSU Award Agreement, 2022 Equity Incentive Plan, Prospectus

2


Attachment I

Grindr Inc.
Award Agreement
(2022 Equity Incentive Plan)

As reflected by your RSU Award Grant Notice (“Grant Notice”), Grindr Inc. (the “Company”) has granted you a RSU Award under the Company’s 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) for the number of restricted stock units as indicated in your Grant Notice (the “RSU Award”). The terms of your RSU Award as specified in this Award Agreement for your RSU Award (this “Agreement”) and the Grant Notice constitute your “RSU Award Agreement.” Defined terms not explicitly defined in this Agreement but defined in the Grant Notice or the Plan shall have the same definitions as in the Grant Notice or Plan, as applicable.

The general terms applicable to your RSU Award are as follows:

1.          Governing Plan Document. Your RSU Award is subject to all the provisions of the Plan, including but not limited to the provisions in:

(a)          Section 6 of the Plan regarding the impact of a Capitalization Adjustment, dissolution, liquidation, or Corporate Transaction on your RSU Award;

(b)          Section 9(e) of the Plan regarding the Company’s retained rights to terminate your Continuous Service notwithstanding the grant of the RSU Award; and

(c)          Section 8 of the Plan regarding the tax consequences of your RSU Award.

Your RSU Award is further subject to all interpretations, amendments, rules and regulations, which may from time to time be promulgated and adopted pursuant to the Plan. In the event of any conflict between the RSU Award Agreement and the provisions of the Plan, the provisions of the Plan shall control.

2.          Grant of the RSU Award. This RSU Award represents your right to be issued on a future date the number of shares of the Company’s Common Stock that is equal to the number of restricted stock units indicated in the Grant Notice as modified to reflect any Capitalization Adjustment and subject to your satisfaction of the vesting conditions set forth therein (the “Restricted Stock Units”). Any additional Restricted Stock Units that become subject to the RSU Award pursuant to Capitalization Adjustments as set forth in the Plan and the provisions of Section 4 below, if any, shall be subject, in a manner determined by the Board, to the same forfeiture restrictions, restrictions on transferability, and time and manner of delivery as applicable to the other Restricted Stock Units covered by your RSU Award.

3.          Vesting. Your Restricted Stock Units will vest in accordance with the vesting schedule provided in the Grant Notice, subject to the provisions contained herein and the terms of the Plan. Vesting will cease upon the termination of your Continuous Service.

4.          Dividends. You shall receive no benefit or adjustment to this RSU Award with respect to any cash dividend, stock dividend or other distribution that does not result from a Capitalization Adjustment; provided, however, that this sentence will not apply with respect to any shares of Common Stock that are delivered to you in connection with your RSU Award after such shares have been delivered to you.

Attachment I-1


5.          Withholding Obligations. As further provided in Section 8 of the Plan, you hereby authorize withholding from payroll and any other amounts payable to you, and otherwise agree to make adequate provision for, any sums required to satisfy the federal, state, local and foreign tax withholding obligations, if any, which arise in connection with your RSU Award (the ”Withholding Obligation”) in accordance with the withholding procedures established by the Company. Unless the Withholding Obligation is satisfied, the Company shall have no obligation to deliver to you any Common Stock in respect of the RSU Award. In the event the Withholding Obligation of the Company arises prior to the delivery to you of Common Stock or it is determined after the delivery of Common Stock to you that the amount of the Withholding Obligation was greater than the amount withheld by the Company, you agree to indemnify and hold the Company harmless from any failure by the Company to withhold the proper amount. The manner in which the Withholding Obligation is satisfied shall be determined by the Company in its sole and absolute discretion.

6.          Date of Issuance.

(a)          The issuance of shares in respect of the Restricted Stock Units is intended to comply with Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A-1(b)(4) and will be construed and administered in such a manner. Subject to the satisfaction of the Withholding Obligation, if any, in the event one or more Restricted Stock Units vests, the Company shall issue to you one (1) share of Common Stock for each Restricted Stock Unit that vests on the applicable vesting date(s) (subject to any adjustment under Section 4 above, and subject to any different provisions in the Grant Notice). Each issuance date determined by this paragraph is referred to as an “Original Issuance Date.”

(b)          If the Original Issuance Date falls on a date that is not a business day, delivery shall instead occur on the next following business day. In addition, if:

(i)          the Original Issuance Date does not occur (1) during an “open window period” applicable to you, as determined by the Company in accordance with the Company’s then-effective policy on trading in Company securities, or (2) on a date when you are otherwise permitted to sell shares of Common Stock on an established stock exchange or stock market (including but not limited to under a previously established written trading plan that meets the requirements of Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act and was entered into in compliance with the Company’s policies (a “10b5-1 Arrangement”)), and

(ii)          either (1) a Withholding Obligation does not apply, or (2) the Company decides, prior to the Original Issuance Date, (A) not to satisfy the Withholding Obligation by withholding shares of Common Stock from the shares otherwise due, on the Original Issuance Date, to you under this Award, and (B) not to permit you to enter into a “same day sale” commitment with a broker-dealer (including but not limited to a commitment under a 10b5-1 Arrangement) and (C) not to permit you to pay your Withholding Obligation in cash,

then the shares that would otherwise be issued to you on the Original Issuance Date will not be delivered on such Original Issuance Date and will instead be delivered on the first business day when you are not prohibited from selling shares of the Company’s Common Stock in the open public market, but in no event later than December 31 of the calendar year in which the Original Issuance Date occurs (that is, the last day of your taxable year in which the Original Issuance Date occurs), or, if and only if permitted in a manner that complies with Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A-1(b)(4), no later than the date that is the 15th day of the third calendar month of the applicable year following the year in which the shares of Common Stock under this Award are no longer subject to a “substantial risk of forfeiture” within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A-1(d).

Attachment I-2


(c)          To the extent the RSU Award is a Non-Exempt RSU Award, the provisions of Section 11 of the Plan shall apply.

7.          Transferability. Except as otherwise provided in the Plan, your RSU Award is not transferable, except by will or by the applicable laws of descent and distribution.

8.          Corporate Transaction. Your RSU Award is subject to the terms of any agreement governing a Corporate Transaction involving the Company, including, without limitation, a provision for the appointment of a stockholder representative that is authorized to act on your behalf with respect to any escrow, indemnities and any contingent consideration.

9.          No Liability for Taxes. As a condition to accepting the RSU Award, you hereby (a) agree to not make any claim against the Company, or any of its Officers, Directors, Employees or Affiliates related to tax liabilities arising from the RSU Award or other Company compensation and (b) acknowledge that you were advised to consult with your own personal tax, financial and other legal advisors regarding the tax consequences of the RSU Award and have either done so or knowingly and voluntarily declined to do so.

10.          Severability. If any part of this Agreement or the Plan is declared by any court or governmental authority to be unlawful or invalid, such unlawfulness or invalidity will not invalidate any portion of this Agreement or the Plan not declared to be unlawful or invalid. Any Section of this Agreement (or part of such a Section) so declared to be unlawful or invalid will, if possible, be construed in a manner which will give effect to the terms of such Section or part of a Section to the fullest extent possible while remaining lawful and valid.

11.          Other Documents. You hereby acknowledge receipt of or the right to receive a document providing the information required by Rule 428(b)(1) promulgated under the Securities Act, which includes the Prospectus. In addition, you acknowledge receipt of the Company’s Trading Policy.

12.          Questions. If you have questions regarding these or any other terms and conditions applicable to your RSU Award, including a summary of the applicable federal income tax consequences please see the Prospectus.

Attachment I-3


Attachment II

2022 Equity Incentive Plan

Attachment II-1


Attachment III

Prospectus


Attachment III-1

Exhibit 10.4

THIS CONVERTIBLE PROMISSORY NOTE (THIS "NOTE") AND THE SECURITIES INTO WHICH IT MAY BE CONVERTED HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE "SECURITIES ACT"), OR UNDER THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE. THESE SECURITIES ARE SUBJECT TO RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFERABILITY AND RESALE. THIS NOTE HAS BEEN ACQUIRED FOR INVESTMENT ONLY AND MAY NOT BE SOLD, TRANSFERRED OR ASSIGNED EXCEPT AS PERMITTED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT AND THE APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS, PURSUANT TO REGISTRATION OR EXEMPTION THEREFROM. TIGA ACQUISITION CORP. MAY REQUIRE AN OPINION OF COUNSEL REASONABLY SATISFACTORY IN FORM, SCOPE AND SUBSTANCE TO IT TO THE EFFECT THAT ANY SALE OR OTHER DISPOSITION IS IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE SECURITIES ACT AND ANY APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS.

TIGA ACQUISITION CORP.
CONVERTIBLE PROMISSORY NOTE

Principal Amount: Not to Exceed $2,000,000
(See Schedule A)
Dated as of March 16, 2022

FOR VALUE RECEIVED and subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, Tiga Acquisition Corp., a Cayman Islands exempted company (the "Maker"), promises to pay to the order of Tiga Sponsor LLC or its registered assigns or successors in interest (the "Payee"), or order, the principal balance as set forth on Schedule A hereto in lawful money of the United States of America; which schedule shall be updated from time to time by the parties hereto to reflect all advances and readvances outstanding under this Note; provided that at no time shall the aggregate of all advances and readvances outstanding under this Note exceed two million dollars ($2,000,000). Any advance hereunder shall be made by the Payee upon receipt of a written request of the Maker and shall be set forth on Schedule A. All payments on this Note shall be made by check or wire transfer of immediately available funds or as otherwise determined by the Maker to such account as the Payee may from time to time designate by written notice in accordance with the provisions of this Note.

1.          Principal. All unpaid principal under this Note shall be due and payable in full on the effective date of a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, share purchase, reorganization or similar business combination, involving the Maker and one or more businesses (the "Business Combination") (such date, the "Maturity Date"), unless accelerated upon the occurrence of an Event of Default (as defined below). Any outstanding principal under this Note may be prepaid at any time by the Maker, at its election and without penalty; provided, however, that the Payee shall have a right to first convert such principal balance pursuant to Section 5 below upon notice of such prepayment. Under no circumstances shall any individual, including but not limited to any officer, director, employee or stockholder of the Maker, be obligated personally for any obligations or liabilities of the Maker hereunder.


2.
Interest. No interest shall accrue on the unpaid balance of this Note.



3.          Application of Payments. All payments shall be applied first to payment in full of any costs incurred in the collection of any sum due under this Note, including (without limitation) reasonable attorney's fees, then to the payment in full of any late charges and finally to the reduction of the unpaid principal balance of this Note.

4.          Events of Default. The occurrence of any of the following shall constitute an event of default ("Event of Default"):

(a)          Failure to Make Required Payments. Failure by the Maker to pay the principal amount due pursuant to this Note within five (5) business days of the date specified above or issue warrants pursuant to Paragraph 5 hereof, if so elected by the Payee.

(b)          Voluntary Bankruptcy, Etc. The commencement by the Maker of a voluntary case under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, rehabilitation or other similar law, or the consent by it to the appointment of or taking possession by a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, custodian, sequestrator (or other similar official) of the Maker or for any substantial part of its property, or the making by it of any assignment for the benefit of creditors, or the failure of the Maker generally to pay its debts as such debts become due, or the taking of corporate action by the Maker in furtherance of any of the foregoing.

(c)          Involuntary Bankruptcy, Etc. The entry of a decree or order for relief by a court having jurisdiction in the premises in respect of the Maker in an involuntary case under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law, or appointing a receiver, liquidator, assignee, custodian, trustee, sequestrator (or similar official) of the Maker or for any substantial part of its property, or ordering the winding-up or liquidation of its affairs, and the continuance of any such decree or order unstayed and in effect for a period of sixty (60) consecutive days.


5.
Conversion

(a)          Optional Conversion. At the option of the Payee, at any time on or prior to the Maturity Date, any amounts outstanding under this Note (or any portion thereof), up to $2,000,000 in the aggregate, may be converted into warrants to purchase Class A ordinary shares of the Maker at a conversion price (the "Conversion Price") equal to $1.00 per whole warrant ("Warrants"). If the Payee elects such conversion, the terms of such Warrants issued in connection with such conversion shall be identical to the warrants issued to the Payee in the private placement that closed on November 27, 2020 (the "Private Placement Warrants") in connection with the Maker's initial public offering that closed on November 27, 2020 (the "IPO"), including that each Warrant shall entitle the holder thereof to purchase one Class A ordinary share at an exercise price of $11.50 per Class A ordinary share, subject to the same adjustments applicable to the Private Placement Warrants. Before this Note may be converted under this Section 5(a), the Payee shall surrender this Note, duly endorsed, at the office of the Maker and shall state therein the amount of the unpaid principal of this Note to be converted and the name or names in which the certificates for Warrants are to be issued (or the book-entries to be made to reflect ownership of such Warrants with the Maker's transfer agent). To the extent that this Note is not converted and/or repaid in full, a replacement Note shall be issued to Payee reflecting the remaining unpaid principal amount not so converted and/or repaid. The conversion shall be deemed to have been made immediately prior to the close of business on the date of the surrender of this Note and the person or persons entitled to receive the Warrants upon such conversion shall be treated for all purposes as the record holder or holders of such Warrants as of such date. Each such newly issued Warrant shall include a restrictive legend that contemplates the same restrictions as the Private Placement Warrants. The Warrants and Class A ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants shall constitute "Registrable Securities" pursuant to that certain Registration Rights Agreement, dated November 23, 2020, among the Maker, the Payee and certain other security holders named therein.



(b)          Remaining Principal. All accrued and unpaid principal of this Note that is not then converted into Warrants, shall continue to remain outstanding and to be subject to the conditions of this Note.

(c)          Fractional Warrants; Effect of Conversion. No fractional Warrants shall be issued upon conversion of this Note. In lieu of any fractional Warrants to the Payee upon conversion of this Note, the Maker shall pay to the Payee an amount equal to the product obtained by multiplying the Conversion Price by the fraction of a Warrant not issued pursuant to the previous sentence. Upon conversion of this Note in full and the payment of any amounts specified in this Section 5(c), this Note shall be cancelled and void without further action of the Maker or the Payee, and the Maker shall be forever released from all its obligations and liabilities under this Note.


6.
Remedies.

(a)          Upon the occurrence of an Event of Default specified in Section 4(a) hereof, the Payee may, by written notice to the Maker, declare this Note to be due immediately and payable, whereupon the unpaid principal amount of this Note, and all other amounts payable thereunder, shall become immediately due and payable without presentment, demand, protest or other notice of any kind, all of which are hereby expressly waived, anything contained herein or in the documents evidencing the same to the contrary notwithstanding.

(b)          Upon the occurrence of an Event of Default specified in Sections 4(b) or 4(c), the unpaid principal balance of this Note, and all other sums payable with regard to this Note, shall automatically and immediately become due and payable, in all cases without any action on the part of the Payee.

7.          Waivers. The Maker and all endorsers and guarantors of, and sureties for, this Note waive presentment for payment, demand, notice of dishonor, protest, and notice of protest with regard to the Note, all errors, defects and imperfections in any proceedings instituted by the Payee under the terms of this Note, and all benefits that might accrue to the Maker by virtue of any present or future laws exempting any property, real or personal, or any part of the proceeds arising from any sale of any such property, from attachment, levy or sale under execution, or providing for any stay of execution, exemption from civil process, or extension of time for payment; and the Maker agrees that any real estate that may be levied upon pursuant to a judgment obtained by virtue hereof, on any writ of execution issued hereon, may be sold upon any such writ in whole or in part in any order desired by the Payee.

8.          Unconditional Liability. The Maker hereby waives all notices in connection with the delivery, acceptance, performance, default, or enforcement of the payment of this Note, and agrees that its liability shall be unconditional, without regard to the liability of any other party, and shall not be affected in any manner by any indulgence, extension of time, renewal, waiver or modification granted or consented to by the Payee, and consents to any and all extensions of time, renewals, waivers, or modifications that may be granted by the Payee with respect to the payment or other provisions of this Note, and agrees that additional makers, endorsers, guarantors, or sureties may become parties hereto without notice to the Maker or affecting the Maker's liability hereunder.



9.          Notices. All notices, statements or other documents which are required or contemplated by this Note shall be: (i) in writing and delivered personally or sent by first class registered or certified mail, overnight courier service or facsimile or electronic transmission to the address most recently provided to such party or such other address as may be designated in writing by such party,

(ii) by facsimile to the number most recently provided to such party or such other address or fax number as may be designated in writing by such party and (iii) by electronic mail, to the electronic mail address most recently provided to such party or such other electronic mail address as may be designated in writing by such party. Any notice or other communication so transmitted shall be deemed to have been given on the day of delivery, if delivered personally, on the business day following receipt of written confirmation, if sent by facsimile or electronic transmission, one (1) business day after delivery to an overnight courier service or five (5) days after mailing if sent by mail.

10.          Construction. THIS NOTE SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF NEW YORK.

11.          Severability. Any provision contained in this Note which is prohibited or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or unenforceability without invalidating the remaining provisions hereof, and any such prohibition or unenforceability in any jurisdiction shall not invalidate or render unenforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction.

12.          Trust Waiver. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Payee hereby waives any and all right, title, interest or claim of any kind ("Claim") in or to any distribution of or from the trust account (the "Trust Account") established in which the proceeds of the IPO conducted by the Maker (including the deferred underwriters discounts and commissions) and certain proceeds of the sale of the Private Placement Warrants were deposited, as described in greater detail in the prospectus filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission in connection with the IPO on November 25, 2020, and hereby agrees not to seek recourse, reimbursement, payment or satisfaction for any Claim against the trust account for any reason whatsoever.

13.          Amendment; Waiver. Any amendment hereto or waiver of any provision hereof may be made with, and only with, the written consent of the Maker and the Payee.

14.          Successors and Assigns. Subject to the restrictions on transfer in Sections 15 and 16 below, the rights and obligations of the Maker and the Payee hereunder shall be binding upon and benefit the successors, assigns, heirs, administrators and transferees of any party hereto (by operation of law or otherwise) with the prior written consent of the other party hereto and any attempted assignment without the required consent shall be void.



15.          Transfer of this Note or Warrants Issuable on Conversion. With respect to any sale or other disposition of this Note or Warrants into which this Note may be converted, the Payee shall give written notice to the Maker prior thereto, describing briefly the manner thereof, together with (i) a written opinion reasonably satisfactory to the Maker in form and substance from counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Maker to the effect that such sale or other distribution may be effected without registration or qualification under any federal or state law then in effect and (ii) a written undertaking executed by the desired transferee reasonably satisfactory to the Maker in form and substance agreeing to be bound by the restrictions on transfer contained herein and (in the case of any sale or other disposition of Warrants) in the Warrant Agreement dated November 23, 2020, among the Maker and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company (the "Warrant Agreement"). Upon receiving such written notice, reasonably satisfactory opinion, or other evidence, and such written acknowledgement, the Maker, as promptly as practicable, shall notify the Payee that the Payee may sell or otherwise dispose of this Note or such Warrants, all in accordance with the terms of the note delivered to the Maker and (in the case of any sale or other disposition of Warrants) in accordance with the terms of the Warrant Agreement. If a determination has been made pursuant to this Section 15 that the opinion of counsel for the Payee, or other evidence, or the written acknowledgment from the desired transferee, is not reasonably satisfactory to the Maker, the Maker shall so notify the Payee promptly after such determination has been made. Each Note thus transferred shall bear a legend as to the applicable restrictions on transferability in order to ensure compliance with the Securities Act, unless in the opinion of counsel for the Maker such legend is not required in order to ensure compliance with the Securities Act. The Maker may issue stop transfer instructions to its transfer agent in connection with such restrictions. Subject to the foregoing, (i) transfers of this Note shall be registered upon registration on the books maintained for such purpose by or on behalf of the Maker and (ii) transfers of Warrants into which this Note may be converted shall be in accordance with the terms of the Warrant Agreement. Prior to presentation of this Note for registration of transfer, the Maker shall treat the registered holder hereof as the owner and holder of this Note for the purpose of receiving all payments of principal hereon and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether or not this Note shall be overdue and the Maker shall not be affected by notice to the contrary.

16.          Acknowledgment. The Payee is acquiring this Note for investment for its own account, not as a nominee or agent, and not with a view to, or for resale in connection with, any distribution thereof. The Payee understands that the acquisition of this Note involves substantial risk. The Payee has experience as an investor in securities of companies and acknowledges that it is able to fend for itself, can bear the economic risk of its investment in this Note, and has such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters that it is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of this investment in this Note and protecting its own interests in connection with this investment.

[Signature Page Follows]


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Maker, intending to be legally bound hereby, has caused this Note to be duly executed by the undersigned as of the day and year first above written.

 
TIGA ACQUISITION CORP.
     
 
By:
/s/ George Raymond Zage III
 
Name:
George Raymond Zage IIII
 
Title:
Chairman, Director and CEO

Acknowledged and agreed as of the date first above written.

TIGA SPONSOR LLC

By:
/s/ Ashish Gupta
 
Name: Ashish Gupta
 
Title: Manager
 

[Signature Page to Convertible Promissory NoteJ


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Maker, intending to be legally bound hereby, has caused this Note to be duly executed by the undersigned as of the day and year first above written.

 
TIGA ACQUISITION CORP.
     
 
By:
/s/ George Raymond Zage III
 
Name:
George Raymond Zage IIII
 
Title:
Chairman, Director and CEO

Acknowledged and agreed as of the date first above written.

TIGA SPONSOR LLC

By:
/s/ Ashish Gupta
 
Name: Ashish Gupta
 
Title: Manager
 

[Signature Page to Convertible Promissory Note]


SCHEDULE A

Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Note to which this schedule is attached to, the principal balance due under the Note shall be set forth in the table below and shall be updated from time to time to reflect all advances and readvances outstanding under the Note.

Date
 
Drawing
 
Description
 
Principal Balance
January 25, 2022
 
$750,000
 
Working Capital
 
$750,000
March 30, 2022
 
$300,000
 
Working Capital
 
$1,050,000
May 12, 2022
 
$430,000
 
Working Capital
 
$1,480,000
June 27, 2022
 
$200,000
 
Working Capital
 
$1,680,000
September 28, 2022
 
$100,000
 
Working Capital
 
$1,780,000



Exhibit 10.5

November 17, 2022

Tiga Sponsor LLC
Ocean Financial Centre
Level 40, 10 Collyer Quay
Singapore 049315

Dear Sirs,

Re: Pay-Off Letter Agreement – Convertible Promissory Note

Reference is made to the obligations and amounts outstanding with respect to that certain Convertible Promissory Note (the “Note”) issued to you by Tiga Acquisition Corp., a Cayman Islands exempt company (the “Company”), and authorized by the Board of Directors of the Company on March 16, 2022. Under the terms and conditions of the Note, you are owed $1,780,000 as of the date hereof (the “Debt Obligation”).

Upon delivery of payment to you in the amount of the Debt Obligation, the Company will have paid all amounts due and owing to you under the Note. Further, effective immediately upon your receipt of payment in full in cash of the Debt Obligation, without further action on the part of the parties hereto, all obligations of the Company to you, under the Note, shall be paid and discharged in full.

By signing below, this Pay-Off Letter Agreement shall serve as written confirmation that you have reviewed this Pay-Off Letter Agreement (and consulted with your legal and tax advisors to the extent you deemed necessary) and agree to the terms and conditions of the Pay-Off as described herein. Upon the effective date of such Pay-Off, you understand that you will be releasing and discharging the Company and its affiliates from any and all obligations and duties that such persons may have to you with respect to the Note and the Debt Obligation.

This Pay-Off Letter Agreement contains the entire understanding between and among the parties and supersedes any prior understandings and agreements among them respecting the subject matter of this Pay-Off Letter Agreement. This Pay-Off Letter Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York without regard to choice of law principles. This Pay-Off Letter Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

In case any provision of this Pay-Off Letter Agreement shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, such provision shall be severable from the rest of this Pay-Off Letter Agreement, and the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

The parties hereby consent and agree that if this Pay-Off Letter Agreement shall at any time be deemed by the parties for any reason insufficient, in whole or in part, to carry out the true intent and spirit hereof or thereof, the parties will execute or cause to be executed such other and further assurances and documents as in the reasonable opinion of the parties may be reasonably required in order to more effectively accomplish the purposes of this Pay-Off Letter Agreement.

Please indicate confirmation of the terms provided herein by executing and returning this letter in the space provided below.

Very truly yours,

 
TIGA ACQUISITION CORP.
     
 
By:
/s/ Diana Luo
 
Name:
Diana Luo
 
Title:
Chief Financial Officer

ACCEPTED AND AGREED:
 
     
/s/ G. Raymond Zage, III
 
For and on behalf of Tiga Sponsor LLC
 
Name:
G. Raymond Zage, III
 
Title:
Manager
 



Exhibit 10.6
JOINDER AND ASSIGNMENT AGREEMENT
TO AMENDED AND RESTATED FORWARD PURCHASE AGREEMENT
THIS JOINDER AND ASSIGNMENT AGREEMENT TO AMENDED AND RESTATED FORWARD PURCHASE AGREEMENT (this “Joinder and Assignment Agreement”) is executed and delivered as of    , 2022 by San Vicente Parent LLC (“Permitted Transferee”), Tiga Acquisition Corp. (the “Company”) and Tiga Sponsor LLC (“Sponsor”), and is effective as of the date hereof. All capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the respective meanings ascribed to them in the Amended and Restated Forward Purchase Agreement dated as of May 9, 2022, by and among the Company and the Sponsor.
WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 11(a) of the Amended and Restated Forward Purchase Agreement, Sponsor may transfer or assign its rights and obligations thereunder to any person at any time and from time to time and in whole or in part.
WHEREAS, Sponsor wishes to transfer and assign to Permitted Transferee all of Sponsor’s rights and interests in and to, and obligations under, the Amended and Restated Forward Purchase Agreement, and Permitted Transferee wishes to be the assignee and transferee of such rights, interests and obligations.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants herein contained, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties agree as follows:
1. Amendments. For and in consideration of the mutual promises and covenants set forth herein and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties, intending to be legally bound hereby, agree to amend or supplement the Amended and Restated Forward Purchase Agreement, and Section 2(a)(iii) of the Amended and Restated Forward Purchase Agreement is hereby amended and restated as follows:
“Each Forward Purchase Warrant and Backstop Warrant will have the same terms as the Public Warrants (as defined below), and will be subject to the terms and conditions of the Warrant Agreement or that certain Backstop Warrant Agreement (the “Backstop Warrant Agreement”), by and among the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as warrant agent, as applicable. Each Forward Purchase Warrant and Backstop Warrant will entitle the holder thereof to purchase one share of Domesticated Acquiror Common Stock at a price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment as described in the Warrant Agreement or the Backstop Warrant Agreement, as applicable. The Forward Purchase Warrants and Backstop Warrants will become exercisable thirty (30) days after the Merger Closing and will expire five (5) years after the Merger Closing or upon redemption or the liquidation of the Company, if earlier, as described in the Warrant Agreement or the Backstop Warrant Agreement, as applicable.”
2. Assignment and Assumption. Sponsor hereby transfers and assigns to Permitted Transferee, and Permitted Transferee hereby acquires from Sponsor all of Sponsor’s rights, and interests in and to the Amended and Restated Forward Purchase Agreement, of whatever kind or nature, and Permitted Transferee hereby assumes and agrees to perform all obligations, duties, liabilities and commitments of Sponsor under the Amended and Restated Forward Purchase Agreement, of whatever kind of nature.
3. Retention of Obligations. Notwithstanding anything in this Joinder and Assignment Agreement, Sponsor shall remain liable to purchase all of the Forward Purchase Securities and Backstop Securities. In the event that Permitted Transferee fails to purchase any or all of its respective Transferee Securities, Sponsor shall promptly purchase from the Company such unpurchased Transferee Securities pursuant to the terms of the Amended and Restated Forward Purchase Agreement.
4. Effectiveness. This Joinder and Assignment Agreement shall be effective as of the date set first set forth above.
5. Governing Law; Binding Effect. This Joinder and Assignment Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York applicable to contracts made and performed in such state without giving effect to the voice of law principles of such state that would require or permit the application of the laws of another jurisdiction.
1

6. Counterparts. This Joinder and Assignment Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, including facsimile counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original copy of this Joinder and Assignment Agreement, and all of which, when taken together, shall be deemed to constitute one and the same agreement. Delivery of such counterparts by facsimile or electronic mail (in PDF or .tiff format) shall be deemed effective as manual delivery.
2

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have executed this Joinder and Assignment Agreement to be effective as of [•], 2022.
       NAME OF PERMITTED TRANSFEREE:
       
      SAN VICENTE PARENT LLC
 
 
 
 
By:
 
 
 
Name:
 
 
Title:
 
 
 
      Address for Notices:
 
 
 
      E-mail:
 
 
 
      Fax:
 
 
 
 
Total number of Forward Purchase Shares/Backstop Shares Transferred: 10,000,000
 
 
 
 
Number of Forward Purchase Warrants/Backstop Warrants Transferred: 5,000,000
 
 
 
 
Aggregate Purchase Price for Forward Purchase Securities/Backstop Securities Transferred: $100,000,000
 
 
 
      COMPANY:
 
 
      TIGA ACQUISITION CORP.
 
 
 
 
By:
 
 
 
Name:
 
 
Title:
       
       SPONSOR:
       
      TIGA SPONSOR LLC
 
 
 
 
By:
 
 
 
Name:
 
 
Title:
3

Exhibit B
LIST OF HOLDERS
1.
James Fu Bin Lu
2.
Longview Capital Holdings LLC
3.
Catapult GP II LLC
4.
Gary C. Hsueh
5.
Sierra Goliath LLC
6.
Jeffrey C. Bonforte
7.
Brown Dog Capital LLC
8.
Idoya Partners L.P.
9.
San Vicente Holdings LLC
10.
San Vicente Group Holdings LLC
11.
G. Raymond Zage, III
12.
J. Michael Gearon, Jr.
13.
28th Street Ventures, LLC
14.
Ashish Gupta
15.
KAG Investments Pte Ltd
16.
David Ryan
17.
Carman Wong
18.
Ben Falloon



Exhibit 10.7

JOINDER AND ASSIGNMENT AGREEMENT
TO AMENDED AND RESTATED FORWARD PURCHASE AGREEMENT

THIS JOINDER AND ASSIGNMENT AGREEMENT TO AMENDED AND RESTATED FORWARD PURCHASE AGREEMENT (this “Joinder and Assignment Agreement”) is executed and delivered as of November 10, 2022 by San Vicente Parent LLC (“Permitted Transferee”), Tiga Acquisition Corp. (the “Company”) and Tiga Sponsor LLC (“Sponsor”), and is effective as of the date hereof. All capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the respective meanings ascribed to them in the Amended and Restated Forward Purchase Agreement dated as of May 9, 2022, by and among the Company and the Sponsor.

WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 11(a) of the Amended and Restated Forward Purchase Agreement, Sponsor may transfer or assign its rights and obligations thereunder to any person at any time and from time to time and in whole or in part.

WHEREAS, Sponsor wishes to transfer and assign to Permitted Transferee all of Sponsor’s rights and interests in and to, and obligations under, the Amended and Restated Forward Purchase Agreement, and Permitted Transferee wishes to be the assignee and transferee of such rights, interests and obligations.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants herein contained, and for other luable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties agree as follows:

1.          Amendments. For and in consideration of the mutual promises and covenants set forth herein and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties, intending to be legally bound hereby, agree to amend or supplement the Amended and Restated Forward Purchase Agreement, and Section 2(a)(iii) of the Amended and Restated Forward Purchase Agreement is hereby amended and restated as follows:

“Each Forward Purchase Warrant and Backstop Warrant will have the same terms as the Public Warrants (as defined below), and will be subject to the terms and conditions of that certain Warrant Agreement, dated as of November 23, 2020, by and among the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as warrant agent, as amended and supplemented from time to time (the “Warrant Agreement”). Each Forward Purchase Warrant and Backstop Warrant will entitle the holder thereof to purchase one share of Domesticated Acquiror Common Stock at a price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment as described in the Warrant Agreement. The Forward Purchase Warrants and Backstop Warrants will become exercisable thirty (30) days after the Merger Closing and will expire five (5) years after the Merger Closing or upon redemption or the liquidation of the Company, if earlier, as described in the Warrant Agreement.”

2.          Assignment and Assumption. Sponsor hereby transfers and assigns to Permitted Transferee, and Permitted Transferee hereby acquires from Sponsor all of Sponsor’s rights, and interests in and to the Amended and Restated Forward Purchase Agreement, of whatever kind or nature, and Permitted Transferee hereby assumes and agrees to perform all obligations, duties, liabilities and commitments of Sponsor under the Amended and Restated Forward Purchase Agreement, of whatever kind of nature.

3.          Retention of Obligations. Notwithstanding anything in this Joinder and Assignment Agreement, Sponsor shall remain liable to purchase all of the Forward Purchase Securities and Backstop Securities. In the event that Permitted Transferee fails to purchase any or all of its respective Transferee Securities, Sponsor shall promptly purchase from the Company such unpurchased Transferee Securities pursuant to the terms of the Amended and Restated Forward Purchase Agreement.

4.          Effectiveness. This Joinder and Assignment Agreement shall be effective as of the date set first set forth above.

5.          Governing Law; Binding Effect. This Joinder and Assignment Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York applicable to contracts made and performed in such state without giving effect to the voice of law principles of such state that would require or permit the application of the laws of another jurisdiction.

6.          Counterparts. This Joinder and Assignment Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, including facsimile counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original copy of this Joinder and Assignment Agreement, and all of which, when taken together, shall be deemed to constitute one and the same agreement. Delivery of such counterparts by facsimile or electronic mail (in PDF or .tiff format) shall be deemed effective as manual delivery.



IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have executed this Joinder and Assignment Agreement to be effective as of November 10, 2022.

 
NAME OF PERMITTED TRANSFEREE:
 
SAN VICENTE PARENT LLC
     
 
By:
/s/ James Lu
   
Name:
James Lu
   
Title:
President
     
   
Address for Notices:
   
c/o Longview Capital, LLC
428 East Street, Suite E
Grinnell, IA 50112
   
E-mail: james@longviewcapital.org
     
   
Fax:
     
   
Total number of Forward Purchase Shares/Backstop Shares Transferred: 10,000,000
     
   
Number of Forward Purchase Warrants/Backstop Warrants Transferred: 5,000,000
     
   
Aggregate Purchase Price for Forward Purchase Securities/Backstop Securities Transferred: $100,000,000



 
COMPANY:
 
TIGA ACQUISITION CORP.
 
 
 
 
 
By:
/s/ Ashish Gupta
 
 
Name:
Ashish Gupta
 
 
Title:
Director
 
 
 
 
 
SPONSOR:
 
TIGA SPONSOR LLC
 
 
 
 
 
By:
/s/ Ashish Gupta
 
 
Name:
Ashish Gupta
 
 
Title
Manager



Exhibit 10.8

FIRST AMENDMENT TO WARRANT AGREEMENT

This FIRST AMENDMENT (this “Amendment”) dated as November 17, 2022, to the Warrant Agreement, dated as November 23, 2020, (the “Warrant Agreement”), by and among Tiga Acquisition Corp., a Cayman Islands exempted company (the “Company”), and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, a New York corporation, as warrant agent (in such capacity, the “Warrant Agent”). Each capitalized term used and not defined herein shall have the meaning assigned to it in the Warrant Agreement.

RECITALS

WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 9.8 of the Warrant Agreement, the Warrant Agreement may be amended by the parties thereto without the consent of any Registered Holder for the purpose of, among other things, adding or changing any provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under the Warrant Agreement as the parties may deem necessary or desirable and that the parties deem shall not adversely affect the interest of the Registered Holders; and

WHEREAS, each of the parties desires to amend the Warrant Agreement as set forth herein.

AGREEMENTS

NOW THEREFORE, for and in consideration of the mutual promises and covenants set forth herein and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties, intending to be legally bound hereby, agree to amend or supplement the Warrant Agreement, and the Warrant Agreement is hereby amended and restated as follows (deleted text: deleted text; added text: added text):

1.         Recitals. The second Recital of the Warrant Agreement is hereby amended to read as follows:

“WHEREAS, on November 23, 2020 May 9, 2022, the Company entered into that certain Second Amended and Restated Forward Purchase Agreement (as such agreement may be amended and supplemented, the “Forward Purchase Agreement”) with the Sponsor pursuant to which the forward purchaser (being the Sponsor or certain permitted transferees (as defined in the Forward Purchase Agreement)) (the “Forward Purchaser”) will be issued certain Forward Purchase Warrants, bearing the legend set forth in Exhibit C hereto and Backstop Warrants (each as defined in the Forward Purchase Agreement) (collectively, the “Forward Purchase Warrants”) in a private placement transaction to occur at or prior to the time of the Company’s initial Business Combination (as defined below);”.

2.        Exhibits. Exhibit C shall be deleted in its entirety.

3.        Effect of Amendment. Except as and to the extent expressly modified by this Amendment, the Warrant Agreement shall remain in full force and effect in all respects.

4.        Applicable Law. The provisions of Section 9.3 of the Warrant Agreement are incorporated by reference into this Amendment and shall apply mutatis mutandis to this Amendment.

5.        Counterparts. This Amendment may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

[SIGNATURE PAGES FOLLOW]

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Amendment to be executed and delivered as of the date first written above.

 
TIGA ACQUISITION CORP.
     
 
By:
/s/ Diana Luo
 
Name:
Diana Luo
 
Title:
Chief Financial Officer

 
CONTINENTAL STOCK TRANSFER & TRUST COMPANY
     
 
By:
/s/ Erika Young
 
Name:
Erika Young
 
Title:
Vice President



Exhibit 16.1

November 23, 2022

Office of the Chief Accountant
Securities and Exchange Commission
100 F Street, NE
Washington, D.C. 20549

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We have read Grindr, Inc. (formerly known as Tiga Acquisition Corp.) statements included under Item 4.01 of its Form 8-K dated November 23, 2022.  We agree with the statements concerning our Firm under Item 4.01, in which we were informed of our dismissal on November 18, 2022.  We are not in a position to agree or disagree with other statements contained therein.

Very truly yours,
/s/ WithumSmith+Brown, PC
New York, New York



Exhibit 21.1
 
Subsidiaries of Grindr Inc.
 
Legal Name
Date of Formation
Jurisdiction of Incorporation
Grindr Gap LLC (f/k/a San Vicente Gap LLC)
2/24/2020
Delaware
Grindr Capital LLC (f/k/a San Vicente Capital LLC)
2/19/2020
Delaware
Grindr Holdings LLC (f/k/a Grindr Inc., f/k/a KL Grindr Holdings Inc.)
6/17/2020
Delaware
Grindr LLC
12/31/2015
California
Grindr Canada Inc.
11/23/2020
British Columbia, Canada
Blendr LLC
11/2/2010
California



Exhibit 99.1


Grindr Completes Business Combination, to Begin Trading November 18th, 2021 as NYSE: GRND


Grindr announces the closing of business combination with Tiga Acquisition Corp.

Grindr is a profitable leader in the world of LGBTQ social networking platforms with a highly engaged user base in a large and untapped addressable market (“TAM”) of estimated $4 billion for 2022 and serving a highly coveted audience

On average, users on Grindr’s platform sent over 260 million daily messages in 2021, and spent an average of 61 minutes per day on the Grindr app in December 2021

H1’22 non-GAAP revenue was approximately $90MM and H1’22 adjusted EBITDA was approximately $42MM for , representing a period-over-period growth of 44% in non-GAAP revenue and 26% in adjusted EBITDA, respectively

November 18, 2022 07:45 AM Eastern Standard Time

LOS ANGELES--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Grindr, the world’s largest social network for the LGBTQ community, and Tiga Acquisition Corp. (NYSE: TINV) (“TAC”), a special purpose acquisition company, today announced the closing of their previously announced business combination today. Following the completion of the business combination, the combined company was renamed Grindr Inc. and its common stock and warrants will begin trading on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) today under the ticker symbols “GRND” and “GRND.WS”, respectively. The business combination was approved at an extraordinary general meeting of the TAC stockholders on November 15, 2022.

Founded in 2009, Grindr is an iconic global brand and the leader in its space as a global LGBTQ platform. Grindr has Adjusted EBITDA margins that ranked at the top tier of its industry for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2021 and for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, has a large and untapped global TAM with attractive user demographics, and features industry-leading user engagement metrics and privacy practices. Grindr’s hyperlocal, location-based interface surfacing real-time connections drives a powerful engagement engine. As a public company, Grindr will be focused on expanding its platform through user growth, the introduction of additional features and monetization streams, and further international expansion, where the platform is already a leader.

George Arison, Chief Executive Officer, said, “Today marks an important milestone not only for the team at Grindr, but for the LGBTQ community we serve. We enter the public markets with momentum, carried by our market leadership, strong financial performance and significant growth runway as we step up investment in our core product and services. I am thrilled to work with our team and investors as we continue expanding our platform and enhance the critical social infrastructure for a traditionally underserved community.”

“I am exceptionally proud to be bringing Grindr into the public market, where it is poised to deliver on its promise to the community and ultimately to all stakeholders as we execute our strategy for growth and value creation,” said G. Raymond Zage III, CEO of TAC, who will be joining Grindr’s Board of Directors.

To celebrate the completion of the business combination, Grindr will ring the opening bell at NYSE at 9:30 am ET today, November 18, 2022. A live stream of the event and replay can be accessed by visiting https://www.nyse.com/bell.



Grindr Management

George Arison, one of the few openly gay public company CEOs in the US, will continue to serve as Grindr’s Chief Executive Officer. Arison comes to Grindr after nine years of building Shift Technologies, Inc., (Nasdaq: SFT), a leading end-to-end auto ecommerce marketplace, where he was founder and CEO. In addition, Vanna Krantz, former CFO of Disney Streaming Services, was recently appointed as Grindr’s Chief Financial Officer. Krantz has a diverse background from both global public companies and small private companies in media, technology, and financial services. AJ Balance, will continue his role as Grindr’s Chief Product Officer. Balance is a former Uber product executive and has been with the Grindr team for a year helping establish a strong foundation for future innovation and growth.

Grindr’s public Board of Directors (the “Board”) will be one of, if not the most, LGBTQ diverse public boards in history. In addition to George Arison, the Board will include James Lu, Grindr’s Chairperson of the Board since June 2020, who is continuing in that role; G. Raymond Zage, III, who served as director, CEO and Chairman of TAC; J. Michael Gearon, Jr., who is a former Atlanta Hawks owner; Daniel Baer, who has previously served as the United States Ambassador to the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe; Gary Horowitz, who is a senior partner at Simpson Thacher & Bartlett; Maggie Lower, who is the Chief Marketing Officer of Hootsuite Media Inc.; Nathan Richardson, who is an investor and tech executive; and Meghan Stabler, who is the Senior Vice President of BigCommerce Pty Ltd. (NASDAQ: BIGC).

Advisors

Cooley LLP acted as legal advisor to Grindr.

The Raine Group LLC acted as financial advisor and Milbank LLP acted as legal advisor to Tiga Acquisition Corp.

About Grindr

With roughly 11 million monthly active users in virtually every country in the world in 2021, Grindr has grown to become a fundamental part of the LGBTQ community since its launch in 2009. Grindr continues to expand its ecosystem to enable gay, bi, trans and queer people to connect, express themselves, and discover the world around them. Grindr is headquartered in West Hollywood, California. The Grindr app is available on the App Store and Google Play. For more information about Grindr, please visit the Grindr’s investor relations website at: https://www.investors.grindr.com/.

About Tiga Acquisition Corp.

TAC is a blank check company formed for the purpose of effecting a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, share purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses. For more information, please visit https://www.tiga-corp.com. The information contained on, or accessible through, TAC’s website is not incorporated by reference into this press release, and you should not consider it a part of this press release.



Forward Looking Statements

This press release may contain a number of “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the “safe harbor” provisions of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements include information concerning the benefits and timing of the business combination, the anticipated timing of the trading of the combined company and expectations regarding Grindr’s possible or assumed future results of operations, competitive position, industry environment and potential growth opportunities. These forward-looking statements are based on TAC’s or Grindr’s management’s current expectations, estimates, projections and beliefs, as well as a number of assumptions concerning future events. When used in this press release, the words “estimates,” “projected,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “forecasts,” “plans,” “intends,” “believes,” “seeks,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “future,” “propose” and variations of these words or similar expressions (or the negative versions of such words or expressions) are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance, conditions or results, and involve a number of known and unknown risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other important factors, many of which are outside TAC’s or Grindr’s control, that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements.

These risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other important factors include, but are not limited to: (a) the outcome of any legal or regulatory proceedings that may be instituted against TAC and Grindr related to the merger agreement relating to the business combination or the business combination; (b) the effect of the announcement of the business combination on Grindr’s business relationships, operating results and business in general; (c) the inability to maintain the listing of Grindr’s securities on the NYSE; (d) the risk that the business combination disrupts current plans and operations of Grindr or its subsidiaries as a result of the announcement and consummation of the business combination; (e) the ability to recognize the anticipated benefits of the business combination, which may be affected by, among other things, competition, the ability of the combined company to grow and manage growth profitably, maintain relationships with customers and suppliers and retain its management and key employees; (f) costs related to the business combination and being a public company; (g) changes in applicable laws or regulations, including legal or regulatory developments; (h) the possibility that Grindr may be adversely affected by other economic, business and/or competitive factors; (i) the ability to implement business plans, forecasts, and other expectations after the completion of the business combination, and identify and realize additional opportunities; and (j) the risk of downturns in the economic conditions, including residual effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and monkeypox.

The foregoing list of factors is not exhaustive. You should carefully consider the foregoing factors and the other risks and uncertainties described in the “Risk Factors” section and the “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” in the registration statement on Form S-4, the proxy statement/prospectus and other documents filed or may be filed by TAC or Grindr from time to time with the SEC. These filings identify and address other important risks and uncertainties that could cause actual events and results to differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking statements. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance upon any forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date made. Except as required by law, neither TAC nor Grindr undertakes any obligation to update or revise its forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this press release.



Contacts
For Grindr Communications and Investor Relations:
Patrick Lenihan
Patrick.Lenihan@grindr.com

Investors:
Ellipsis
Jeff Majtyka
IR@grindr.com

Media:
TrailRunner International
Lexi Schuchert
Press@grindr.com

For Tiga Acquisition Corp.:
Tiga Acquisition Corp.
Diana Luo
CFO@tigaacquisitioncorp.com



Exhibit 99.2

Grindr Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
 
GRINDR’S MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the “Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of Grindr (unaudited)” and related notes that appear in Exhibit 99.4 to this Current Report on Form 8-K. Our historical results do not necessarily reflect what our historical financial position and results of operations would have been had we been a stand-alone public company during the periods presented. In addition, our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for any future period, and results for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.
 
In addition to historical consolidated financial information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include those discussed below and elsewhere in the final prospectus and definitive proxy statement, particularly in “Risk Factors” and “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” in the final prospectus and definitive proxy statement.”
 
Overview
 
Grindr Group LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Legacy Grindr”, which, pursuant to the Business Combination (as defined below), became a direct, wholly owned subsidiary of Grindr Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Grindr” or the “Company”, f/k/a Tiga Acquisition Corp., a Cayman Islands exempted company (“Tiga”), which domesticated as a Delaware corporation prior to the consummation of the Business Combination)) is the world’s largest social network focused on the LGBTQ+ community with approximately 10.8 million MAUs and approximately 601 thousand Paying Users (as defined below) in 2021. Our Paying Users were over 815 and 768 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. According to the Frost & Sullivan Study commissioned by Grindr1, Grindr is the largest and most popular gay mobile app in the world, with more MAUs than other LGBTQ+ social networking applications. Our mission is to connect queer people with one another and the world. Since our inception in 2009 as a casual dating app for gay men, we have evolved into a global LGBTQ+ social network platform serving and addressing the needs of the entire LGBTQ+ queer community. We believe Grindr is a vital utility for the LGBTQ+ community and our users, as evidenced by our user engagement. Our users are some of the most engaged, spending, on average, 61 minutes per day on our platform compared to 10-20 minutes on dating apps, according to the Frost & Sullivan Study commissioned by Grindr, and 25-35 minutes on social networking apps, according to Statista.
 
We have grown significantly over the years since our product launch. For the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, we generated $50.4 million and $38.2 million of revenue, respectively, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, we generated $140.5 million and $100.8 million of revenue, respectively, representing a period-over-period growth of 31.9% and 39.4% as compared to the three-month and nine-month periods in 2021, respectively. We had over 815 and 768 thousand Paying Users for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 representing a period-over-period growth of 33.3% and 33.1% as compared to the same period in 2021. In 2021, we generated $145.8 million of revenue, representing year-over-year growth of 39.5% as compared to the combined Legacy Grindr, and its subsidiaries (collectively referred to herein as the “Successor”) 2020 Period and Grindr Holdings LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (f/k/a Grindr Inc., a Delaware corporation, which was f/k/a KL Grindr Holdings Inc., a Delaware corporation) and its subsidiaries (the “Predecessor”) 2020 Period (as defined below) and approximately 601 thousand Paying Users, which is 2.2% higher than our Paying Users from 2020. We have users in over 190 countries or territories and support 21 languages on our platform. On average, profiles on our platform sent over 260.0 million daily messages in 2021.


Global Social Networking Applications Industry, Independent Market Research by Frost & Sullivan, March 2022, which was commissioned by Grindr in 2021 and 2022 (the “Frost & Sullivan Study”)
 

Despite our growth, we believe we are just beginning to scratch the surface of our market opportunity and financial potential. According to the Frost & Sullivan Study commissioned by Grindr, the LGBTQ+ population is growing faster than the overall population and younger generations are driving this growth. We expect this trend to continue as social norms shift, more progressive attitudes surface, and people become more comfortable expressing themselves openly. As this group grows, gains influence, and becomes more digitally connected, we believe we are well positioned to continue to be the leading platform for this group to connect with each other. The Frost & Sullivan Study commissioned by Grindr estimates the global LGBTQ+ population at 538.4 million in 2021 with approximately $10.9 trillion of GDP at purchasing power parity. In 2021, our MAUs and revenue imply we have only captured around 2.0% of the LGBTQ+ population and less than 0.01% of the spend. As the world’s largest social network focused on the LGBTQ+ community, we have significant opportunities to grow both our users and our revenue through new products and services and additional monetization features.
 
In June 2020, San Vicente Holdings LLC (“SVH”) acquired, through SV Acquisition LLC (“SV Acquisition”), approximately 98.6% interest in the Predecessor from Kunlun Holdings Limited (“Kunlun”). The remaining interest was held as restricted stock. The transaction resulted in related entities being consolidated for financial reporting with the financial statements reflecting the adjustments of assets and liabilities to fair market value (“FMV”) at the transaction date. The Predecessor reorganized and converted to Grindr Holdings LLC through a series of related transactions and entities. To distinguish between the difference in basis of accounting due to the acquisition that occurred on June 10, 2020, the information below presents operations for two periods, Predecessor and Successor, which relate to the periods preceding and the periods succeeding the acquisition, respectively. References to the “Successor 2020 Period” in the discussion below refers to the period from June 11, 2020 to December 31, 2020. References to the “Predecessor 2020 Period” in the discussion below refers to the period from January 1, 2020 to June 10, 2020. We believe that it remains useful to review the operating results for the Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period as combined for purposes of producing an analysis useful to a user of the financial statements. Therefore, some of the discussion below considers our analysis of our financial results for the combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period (as defined below) with no pro forma adjustments applied to the periods to reflect the difference in basis.
 
Prior to the transaction with SVH, we experienced many years of user, revenue, and Adjusted EBITDA growth. As a result of our growth, our infrastructure and systems were not keeping pace, just like many high growth tech companies in similar situations. Following the transaction with SVH, we spent the next several months focused on reassessing strategic priorities, updating its technology infrastructure, upgrading our data systems, stabilizing our product, and optimizing our cost structure. As a result, by 2021 we had a nimbler company with modern tools that resulted in a better and more stable product. This positioned us to take advantage of growth opportunities in 2021 and beyond.
 
The Grindr mobile application (“Grindr App”) is free to download and provides certain services and features to Grindr’s users for free, and then offers a variety of additional controls and features for users who subscribe to our premium products and services, Grindr XTRA and Grindr Unlimited. A substantial portion of our revenues are derived directly from users in the form of recurring subscription fees, providing our users access to a bundle of features for the period of their subscription, or add-ons to access premium features. Leveraging the strong brand awareness and significant user network stemming from our first mover advantage in the LGBTQ+ social networking space, our historical growth in number of users has been driven primarily by word of mouth referrals or other organic means.
 
While we have users in over 190 countries and territories, our core markets are currently North America and Europe, from which we derived 87.2%, 87.7%, 89.5%, 86.1%, and 87.8% of our total revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the year ended December 31, 2021, combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period, and the year ended December 31, 2019, respectively. We intend to grow our user base and revenues by providing innovative and customized products and services and features to users in targeted geographic regions outside of our current core markets that have a large number of untapped potential users, favorable regulatory environments, and fast-growing economies.
 
In addition to our revenue generated from subscription fees and premium add-ons, we generate a portion of our revenues from both first-party and third-party advertising. Our advertising business provides advertisers with the unique opportunity to directly target and reach the LGBTQ+ community, which is characterized by a higher-than-average proportion of well-educated, brand-conscious individuals with substantial aggregate global purchasing power. Advertisers on our Grindr App span across many different industries, including healthcare, gaming, travel, automotive, and consumer goods. We offer a diverse range of advertising initiatives to advertisers, such as in-app banners, full-screen interstitials, rewarded video, and other customized units, typically sold on an impressions basis. Additionally, we contract with a variety of third-party advertisement sales platforms to market and sell digital and mobile advertising inventory on our Grindr App. We will continue to evaluate opportunities to increase inventory with unique advertising units and offerings.
 
2

Consolidated Results for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 and 2021
 
For the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, we generated:

Revenues of $50.4 million and $38.2 million, respectively. The increase was $12.2 million, or 31.9%.
Net Income (Loss) of $(4.7) million and $1.9 million, respectively. The decrease was $6.6 million, or (347.4)%.
Adjusted EBITDA of $24.0 million and $20.5 million, respectively. The increase was $3.5 million, or 17.1%.
 
Consolidated Results for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 and 2021
 
For the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, we generated:

Revenue of $140.5 million and $100.8 million, respectively. The increase was $39.7 million, or 39.4%.
Net Income (Loss) of $(4.3) million and $(1.4) million, respectively. The decrease was $2.9 million, or (207.1)%.
Adjusted EBITDA of $65.8 million and $53.7 million, respectively. The increase was $12.1 million, or 22.5%.
 
Consolidated Results for the Year Ended December 31, 2021 and 2020
 
For the year ended December 31, 2021, Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period, we generated:

Revenue of $145.8 million, $61.1 million, and $43.4 million, respectively. The increase for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period was $41.3 million, or 39.5%.
Net Income (Loss) of $5.1 million, $(11.0) million, and $(2.1) million, respectively. The increase for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period was $18.2 million, or 138.9%.
Adjusted EBITDA of $77.1 million, $35.7 million, and $14.9 million, respectively. The increase for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period was $26.5 million, or 52.4%. See the section titled “Non-GAAP Financial Measures—Adjusted EBITDA” for more details on the calculations.
 
The Business Combination and Public Company Costs
 
On May 9, 2022, Legacy Grindr, Grindr, and Tiga Merger I entered into that certain Merger Agreement, pursuant to which Legacy Grindr was merged with and into Merger Sub I, with  Legacy Grindr surviving the First Merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of Legacy Grindr, and promptly thereafter and as part of the same overall transaction of the First Merger, Legacy Grindr, being the entity that survived the First Merger, merged with and into Merger Sub II, with Merger Sub II being the entity that survived the Second Merger and continuing in existence as a wholly owned subsidiary of Tiga, in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement. Upon Closing, the Company received approximately $105.1 million in gross cash proceeds consisting of approximately $5.1 million from the Tiga trust account, $50.0 million from the sale of forward purchase shares and forward purchase warrants (the “Forward Purchase Commitment”) and an additional $50.0 million from the sale of backstop shares and backstop warrants (the “Backstop Commitment”), prior to the payment of outstanding expenses, payment of outstanding obligations (including the payment of the outstanding Kunlun Holdings Limited (“Kunlun”) Deferred Amount and the distribution made by Legacy Grindr to its unitholders prior to the Closing. In connection with the Business Combination, the Company amended that certain Credit Agreement with Fortress Credit Corp. and other lenders a party thereto, to enable the Company to borrow an aggregate principal amount of $170.8 million through supplemental term loans and Catapult GP II paid approximately $12.0 million to Legacy Grindr to partially repay the outstanding Catapult Note.
 
3

While the legal acquirer in the Merger Agreement is Tiga, for financial accounting and reporting purposes under U.S. GAAP, Legacy Grindr is the accounting acquirer and the Business Combination is accounted for as a “reverse recapitalization.” A reverse recapitalization (i.e., a capital transaction involving the issuance of stock by Grindr for the stock of Legacy Grindr) did not result in a new basis of accounting, and the consolidated financial statements of the combined entity represent the continuation of the consolidated financial statements of Legacy Grindr in many respects. Accordingly, the consolidated assets, liabilities and results of operations of Legacy Grindr became the historical consolidated financial statements of Grindr, and Legacy Grindr’s assets, liabilities, and results of operations were consolidated with Grindr beginning on the acquisition date. Operations prior to the Business Combination will be presented as those of Grindr in future reports. The net assets of Legacy Grindr were recognized at historical cost (which was consistent with carrying value), with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded upon execution of the Business Combination.
 
Upon becoming an SEC-registered and NYSE-listed company at Closing, Grindr hired additional personnel and implemented procedures and processes to address public company regulatory requirements and customary practices. The Company expects to incur additional annual expenses as a public company for, among other things, directors’ and officers’ liability insurance, director fees and additional internal and external accounting, legal and administrative resources, including increased audit and legal fees. The Company is classified as an Emerging Growth Company, as defined under the Jumpstart Our Business Act (the “Jobs Act”), which was enacted on April 5, 2012. As a result of the Business Combination, the Company is provided certain disclosure and regulatory relief, provided by the SEC, as an Emerging Growth Company.
 
Grindr’s future results of consolidated operations and financial position may not be comparable to historical results as a result of the Business Combination.
 
How We Generate Revenue
 
We currently generate revenue from two revenue streams—Direct Revenue (as defined below) and Indirect Revenue (as defined below). Direct Revenue is revenue generated by our users who pay for subscriptions or add-ons to access premium features. Indirect Revenue is generated by third parties who pay us for access to our users, such as advertising or partnerships.
 
Direct Revenue is driven predominately by our subscription revenue and premium add-ons. Our current subscription offerings are Grindr XTRA and Grindr Unlimited. Our subscription revenue has grown through organic user acquisition and the viral network effects enabled by our brand and market position. We utilize a freemium model to drive increased user acquisition, subscriber conversions, and monetization on the Grindr App. Many of our users choose to pay for premium features and functionalities, such as access to more user profiles, ad-free environments, advanced filters, unlimited blocks and favorites, and the ability to send multiple photos at the same time, to enhance their user experience. By continuously introducing new premium features, we continue to increase our Paying Users and average revenue per paying user.
 
For the years ended December 31, 2021, the combined Successor Period 2020 and Predecessor Period 2020, and 2019, our Adjusted Direct Revenue (as defined below) accounted for 80.2%, 93.1%, and 77.3% of our total revenue, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, our Adjusted Direct Revenue (as defined below) accounted for 85.7%, 84.3%, 79.8% and 81.0% of our total revenue, respectively.
 
Indirect Revenue primarily consists of revenue generated by third parties who pay us for access to our users, including advertising, partnerships, merchandise, and other non-direct revenue. Our advertising business provides advertisers with the unique opportunity to directly target and reach the LGBTQ+ community, which generally consists of well-educated individuals with significant global purchasing power. We have attracted advertisers from a diverse array of industries, including healthcare, gaming, travel, automotive, and consumer goods. We offer a diverse range of advertising initiatives to advertisers, such as in-app banners, full-screen interstitials, rewarded video, and other customized units, typically on a CPM basis. We contract with a variety of third-party ad platforms to market and sell digital and mobile advertising inventory on our Grindr App. In exchange for facilitating the advertising process, we pay the relevant third-party ad platform a share of the revenue derived from the advertisements they place on the Grindr App. We intend to continue to grow our Indirect Revenue through advertising, partnerships, merchandise, and other non-direct initiatives.

4

 
Operating and Financial Metrics
 
(in thousands, except Adjusted ARPPU, ARPPU and ARPU)
Three
Months
Ended
September 30,
2022
 
Three
Months
Ended
September 30,
2021
 
Nine
Months
Ended
September 30,
2022
 
Nine
Months
Ended
September 30,
2021
Key Operating Metrics
             
Paying Users
 
815
   
611
   
768
   
577
Adjusted Average Direct Revenue per Paying User
$
17.67
 
$
16.66
 
$
17.12
 
$
15.72
Average Direct Revenue per Paying User
$
17.67
 
$
16.66
 
$
17.12
 
$
15.55
Average Total Revenue per User
$
1.35
 
$
1.15
 
$
1.29
 
$
1.06
 

   
Successor
 
Predecessor
(in thousands, except Adjusted ARPPU, ARPPU and ARPU)
 
Year ended
December 31,
2021
 
Period from
June 11, 2020
to December 31,
2020
 
Period from
January 1,
2020 to June 10,
2020
 
Year ended
December 31,
2019
Key Operating Metrics
               
Paying Users
   
601
   
579
   
601
   
618
Adjusted Average Direct Revenue per Paying User
 
$
16.21
 
$
14.88
 
$
12.44
 
$
11.33
Average Direct Revenue per Paying User
 
$
16.08
 
$
12.76
 
$
12.44
 
$
11.32
Monthly Active Users
   
10,799
   
N/A
   
N/A
   
N/A
Average Total Revenue per User
 
$
1.13
   
N/A
   
N/A
   
N/A
 

($ in thousands)
 
Three Months
Ended
September 30,
2022
   
Three Months
Ended
September 30,
2021
   
Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2022
   
Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2021
 
Key Financial and Non-GAAP Metrics(1)
                       
Revenue
 
$
50,402
   
$
38,249
   
$
140,487
   
$
100,812
 
Adjusted Direct Revenue
 
$
43,209
   
$
30,537
   
$
118,364
   
$
81,625
 
Indirect Revenue
   
7,193
     
7,712
     
22,123
     
20,079
 
Net income (loss)
 
$
(4,663
)
 
$
1,894
   
$
(4,343
)
 
$
(1,433
)
Net income (loss) margin
   
-9.3
%
   
5.0
%
   
-3.1
%
   
-1.4
%
Adjusted EBITDA
 
$
24,034
   
$
20,492
   
$
65,778
   
$
53,698
 
Adjusted EBITDA Margin
   
47.7
%
   
53.6
%
   
46.8
%
   
53.3
%
Net cash provided by operating activities
                 
$
36,794
   
$
18,852
 

5


   
Successor
   
Predecessor
 
($ in thousands)
 
Year ended
December 31,
2021
   
Period from
June 11, 2020
to December 31,
2020
   
Period from
January 1,
2020 to June 10,
2020
   
Year ended
December 31,
2019
 
Key Financial and Non-GAAP Metrics(1)
           
         
Revenue
 
$
145,833
   
$
61,078

 
$
43,385
   
$
108,698
 
Adjusted Direct Revenue
 
$
116,931
   
$
57,462

 
$
39,844
   
$
84,046
 
Indirect Revenue
 
$
29,802
   
$
11,810
   
$
3,545
   
$
24,698
 
Net income (loss)
 
$
5,064
   
$
(10,959
)
 
$
(2,114
)
 
$
7,706
 
Net income (loss) margin
   
3.5
%
   
(17.9
)%
   
(4.9
)%    
7.1
%
Adjusted EBITDA
 
$
77,054
   
$
35,733
   
$
14,924
   
$
50,453
 
Adjusted EBITDA Margin
   
52.8
%
   
58.5
 %
   
34.4
 %
   
46.4
%
Net cash provided by operating activities
 
$
34,430
   
$
9,602
 
$
16,456
   
$
37,973
 

(1)
See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of Grindr—Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for additional information and a reconciliation of net income (loss) to Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin and reconciliation of Direct Revenue to Adjusted Direct Revenue.

Paying Users. A Paying User is a user that has purchased or renewed a Grindr subscription and/or purchased a premium add-on on the Grindr App. We calculate Paying Users as a monthly average, by counting the number of Paying Users in each month and then dividing by the number of months in the relevant measurement period. Paying Users is a primary metric that we use to judge the health of our business and our ability to convert users to purchasers of our premium features. We are focused on building new products and services and improving on existing products and services, as well as launching new pricing tiers and subscription plans, to drive payer conversion.
ARPPU. We calculate ARPPU based on Direct Revenue in any measurement period, divided by Paying Users in such a period divided by the number of months in the period.
Adjusted ARPPU. We calculate adjusted ARPPU based on Adjusted Direct Revenue (excluding purchase accounting adjustments) in any measurement period, divided by Paying Users in such a period divided by the number of months in the period.
MAUs. A MAU, or Monthly Active User, is a unique device that demonstrated activity on the Grindr App over the course of the specified period. Activity on the app is defined as opening the app, chatting with another user, or viewing the cascade of other users. Grindr also excludes devices where all linked profiles have been banned for spam. We calculate MAUs as a monthly average, by counting the number of MAUs in each month and then dividing by the number of months in the relevant period. We use MAUs to measure the number of active users on our platform on a monthly basis and to understand the pool of users we can potentially convert to Paying Users. We revised our MAU calculation method in November 2020. For periods prior to this, our ability to accurately validate the newly defined metric is restricted by privacy related data retention policies; therefore, MAU is not presented for any periods prior to 2021.
ARPU. We calculate ARPU based on Total Revenue in any measurement period, divided by our MAUs in such a period divided by the number of months in the period. As we expand our monetization product offerings, develop new verticals, and grow our community of users, we believe we can continue to increase our ARPU.
 
Non-GAAP Profitability
 
We use net income (loss) and net cash provided by operating activities to assess our profitability and liquidity, respectively. In addition to net income (loss) and net cash provided by operating activities, we also use the following measure:

Adjusted EBITDA. We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss) excluding income tax provision, interest expense, depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation expense, non-core expenses/losses (gains). Non-core expenses/losses (gains) include purchase accounting adjustments related to deferred revenue, transaction-related costs, asset impairments, management fees, and interest income from the related party loan to Catapult GP II. Adjusted EBITDA Margin represents Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of revenue.
Adjusted Direct Revenue. We define Adjusted Direct Revenue as Direct Revenue adjusted for the release of the fair value adjustment of deferred revenue into revenue of the acquired deferred revenue due to the June 10, 2020, acquisition (See Note 3 to Grindr’s audited consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-82 of the final prospectus and definitive proxy statement for additional information).
 
6

Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin and Adjusted Direct Revenue are key measures we use to assess our financial performance and are also used for internal planning and forecasting purposes. We believe Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin and Adjusted Direct Revenue are helpful to investors, analysts, and other interested parties because they can assist in providing a more consistent and comparable overview of our operations across our historical financial periods. In addition, these measures are frequently used by analysts, investors, and other interested parties to evaluate and assess performance.
 
See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of Grindr Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for additional information and a reconciliation of net income (loss) to Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin and reconciliation of Direct Revenue to Adjusted Direct Revenue.
 
Key Factors Affecting our Performance
 
Our results of operations and financial condition have been, and will continue to be, affected by a number of factors that present significant opportunities for us but also pose risks and challenges, including those discussed below and in the section entitled “Risk Factors” of the final prospectus and definitive proxy statement.
 
Growth in User Base and Paying Users
 
We acquire new users through investments in marketing and brand as well as through word of mouth from existing users and others. We convert these users to Paying Users by introducing premium features which maximize the probability of developing meaningful connections, improve the experience, and provide more control. For the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, we had over 815 thousand and 611 thousand Paying Users, respectively, representing an increase of 33.3% period over period and for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, we had over 768 thousand and 577 thousand Paying Users, respectively, representing an increase of 33.1% period over period. We grow Paying Users by acquiring new users and converting new and existing users to purchasers of one of our subscription plans or in-app offerings. As we scale and our community grows larger, we are able to facilitate more meaningful interactions as a result of the wider selection of potential connections. This in turn increases our brand awareness and increases conversion to one of our premium products and services. Our revenue growth primarily depends on growth in Paying Users. While we believe we are in the early days of our opportunity, at some point we may face challenges increasing our Paying Users, including competition from alternative products and services and lower adoption of certain product features.
 
Expansion into New Geographic Markets
 
We are focused on growing our platform globally, including through entering new markets and investing in under-penetrated markets. Expanding into new geographies will require increased costs related to marketing, as well as localization of product features and services. Potential risks to our expansion into new geographies will include competition and compliance with foreign laws and regulations. As we expand into certain new geographies, we may see an increase in users who prefer to access premium features through our add-on options rather than through our subscription packages, which could impact our ARPPU. We may also see a lower propensity to pay as we enter certain new markets with additional competitors and cost and revenue profiles.
 
Growth in ARPPU
 
We have developed a sophisticated understanding of the value our users derive from becoming Paying Users on our platform. We continually develop new monetization features and improve existing features in order to increase adoption of premium add-ons and our subscription programs. Many variables will impact our ARPPU, including the number of Paying Users, mix of monetization offerings on our platform, effect of demographic shifts, geographic differences on all of these variables, and changes in mobile app store policies. Our pricing is in local currency and may vary between markets. As foreign currency exchange rates change, translation of the statements of operations into U.S. dollars could negatively impact revenue and distort year-over-year comparability of operating results. To the extent our ARPPU growth slows, our revenue growth will become increasingly dependent on our ability to increase our Paying Users.
 
7

Investing in Growth While Driving Long-Term Profitability
 
Key investment areas for our platform include machine learning capabilities, including continually improving our technology; features that prioritize security and privacy; and new premium offerings that add incremental value to Paying Users.
 
Attracting and Retaining Talent
 
Our business relies on our ability to attract and retain our talent, including engineers, data scientists, product designers and product developers. As of September 30, 2022, we had over 183 full-time employees; of which employees, approximately 57% work in engineering and product development. We believe that people want to work at a company that has purpose and aligns with their personal values, and therefore our ability to recruit talent is aided by our mission and brand reputation. We compete for talent within the technology industry.
 
Impact of COVID-19
 
In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (“COVID-19”) a global pandemic. The COVID-19 outbreak has reached across the globe, resulting in the implementation of significant governmental measures, including lockdowns, closures, quarantines, and travel bans intended to control the spread of the virus. While some of these measures have been relaxed over the past few months in certain parts of the world, ongoing social distancing measures, and future prevention and mitigation measures, as well as the potential for some of these measures to be reinstituted in the event of repeat waves of the virus, are likely to have an adverse impact on global economic conditions and consumer confidence and spending, and could materially adversely affect demand, or users’ ability to pay, for our products and services. In response to the COVID-19 outbreak, we have taken several precautions that may adversely impact employee productivity, such as requiring employees to work remotely, imposing travel restrictions, and temporarily closing office locations. We continue to monitor the rapidly-evolving situation and guidance from international and domestic authorities, including federal, state and local public health authorities, and there may be developments outside our control requiring us to adjust our operating plan. As such, given the unprecedented uncertainty around the duration and severity of the impact on market conditions and the business environment, we cannot reasonably estimate the full impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on our operating results in the future. We believe the COVID-19 pandemic was a factor that suppressed user activity, particularly between March 2020 to July 2020, when in-person engagement across the markets in which we operate was severely impacted, and caused some users to be less active or cancel their subscriptions. For additional information, see the section titled “Risk Factors” of this Current Report on Form 8-K.
 
Factors Affecting the Comparability of Our Results
 
General economic trends. General economic trends and conditions, including demographic changes, employment rates, job growth, user confidence, and disposable income, have a substantial effect on both our users’ ability and desire to purchase premium subscriptions and advertisers’ ability and willingness to advertise on our network, thereby affecting both of our major revenue streams and our financial results over time and the year-over-year comparability of operating results.
 
Governmental regulations. New governmental policies and regulations can affect our business in meaningful ways, even when such policies and regulations are not specifically related to the LGBTQ+ community. For example, the implementation of GDPR in Europe has given end-users more control over how their data and personal information are utilized and has thereby adversely affected our European advertisers’ ability to specifically target these users. This new regulation has had a stagnating effect on our indirect revenue growth trajectory in Europe. The implementation of similar regulations in other regions of the world, or new regulations that affect our ability to monetize the data received from our users, could have a significant impact on our operating results and ability to grow our business.
 
8

Temporary variability in general advertising spend. Our ability to maintain consistently high advertiser demand for our platform can be affected by seasonal or temporary trends in advertisers’ appetites to engage with our users or our brand. For example, events that result in temporary positive or negative publicity for our company (even if unfounded) may play a significant role in our advertisers’ desire to continue to advertise on our platform. Further, general economic conditions may lead to changes in advertising spending in general, which could have a significant impact on our results of operations. Such fluctuations in advertising demand are often unpredictable and likely temporary, but could have a significant impact on the financial condition of our business.
 
International market pricing and changes in foreign exchange rates. The Grindr App has MAUs in over 190 countries and territories. Our international revenues represented 38.3%, 37.5%, 35.8%, 42.7%, and 36.7% of total revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the year ended December 31, 2021, combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period, and the year ended December 31, 2019, respectively. We vary our pricing to align with local market conditions and our international businesses typically earn revenues in local currencies. In addition, some of the parties we work with utilize internally generated foreign exchange rates that may differ from other foreign exchange rates, which could impact our results of operations.
 
Key Components of Our Results of Operations
 
Revenues
 
We currently generate revenue from two revenue streams—Direct Revenue and Indirect Revenue. Direct Revenue is revenue generated by our users who pay for subscriptions or premium add-ons to access premium features. Indirect Revenue is generated by third parties who pay us for access to our users, such as advertising and partnerships. As we continue to expand and diversify our revenue streams, we anticipate increasing monetization from premium add-ons, contributing to increase in revenues over time.
 
Direct Revenues. Direct Revenues are reported gross of fees for subscriptions and premium add-ons as we are the primary party obligated in our transactions with customers and therefore, we act as the principal. Our subscription revenues are generated through the sale of monthly subscriptions that are currently offered in one, three, six and twelve-month subscription periods. Subscribers pay in advance, primarily through third party partners, including iTunes, Google Play, and Stripe, according to our terms and conditions. Subscription revenues, net of taxes and chargebacks, are recognized on a monthly basis over the term of the subscription.
 
Indirect Revenues. Indirect Revenues primarily consists of revenue generated by third parties who pay us for access to our users, including advertising, partnerships, and merchandise.
 
Our advertising business provides advertisers with the unique opportunity to directly target and reach the LGBTQ+ community, which generally consists of well-educated individuals with significant global purchasing power. We have attracted advertisers from a diverse array of industries, including healthcare, gaming, travel, automotive, and consumer goods. We offer a diverse range of advertising initiatives to advertisers, such as in-app banners, full-screen interstitials, rewarded video, and other customized units, typically on a CPM basis. We contract with a variety of third-party ad platforms to market and sell digital and mobile advertising inventory on our Grindr App. In exchange for facilitating the advertising process, we pay the relevant third-party ad platform a share of the revenue derived from the advertisements they place on the Grindr App.
 
Cost of Revenue and Operating Expenses
 
Cost of Revenue. Cost of revenue consists primarily of the distribution fees which we pay to Apple and Google, infrastructure costs associated with supporting the Grindr App and our advertising efforts, which stem largely from our use of Amazon Web Services, and costs associated with content moderation, which involve our outsourced teams in Honduras and the Philippines ensuring that users are complying with our community standards.
 
9

Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses consists primarily of sales and marketing expenditures, compensation and other employee-related costs for our employees, costs related to outside consultants and general administrative expenses, including for our facilities, information technology and infrastructure support. We plan to continue to expand sales and marketing efforts to attract new users, retain existing users and increase monetization of both our new and existing users. It also includes the expense from settlement of vested incentive units consisting of cash payments associated with closing out prior incentive plans and transitioning to new incentive plans in connection with Kunlun’s acquisition of our equity interests in 2016 and 2018. Such cash payments were based upon the value of the vested incentive units at the time of settlement.
 
Product Development Expense. Product development expense consists primarily of employee-related and contractor costs for personnel engaged in the design, development, testing and enhancement of product offerings, features, and related technology.
 
Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation is primarily related to computers, equipment, furniture, fixtures, and leasehold improvements. Amortization is primarily related to capitalized software, acquired intangible assets (customer relationships, technology, etc.) as well as trademarks, patents, and copyrights.
 
Other (Expense) Income
 
Interest (Expense) Income, Net. Interest (expense) income, net consists of interest income received on related party loans and interest expense incurred in connection with our long-term debt.
 
Other Income (Expense), Net. Other income (expense), net consists of realized exchange rate gains or losses, unrealized exchange rate gains or losses, charitable contributions.
 
Income Tax Provision (Benefit). Income tax provision (benefit) represents the income tax expense associated with our operations based on the tax laws of the jurisdictions in which we operate. Foreign jurisdictions have different statutory tax rates than the United States. Our effective tax rates will vary depending on the relative proportion of foreign to domestic income, changes in the valuation of our deferred tax assets and liabilities, and changes in tax laws.


10

 
Results of Operations
 
Year Ended December 31, 2021 Compared to the Period from June 11, 2020 to December 31, 2020 (Successor) and the Period from January 1, 2020 to June 10, 2020 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2019 (Predecessor)
 
Results of Operations
Successor
   
Predecessor
 
($ in thousands)
Year ended
December 31,
2021
   
% of
Total
Revenue
   
Period
from
June 11,
2020 to
December 31,
2020
   
% of
Total
Revenue
   
Period
from
January 1,
2020 to
June 10,
2020
   
% of
Total
Revenue
   
Year
ended
December 31,
2019
   
% of
Total
Revenue
 
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)
                                             
Revenues
$
145,833
   
100.0
%
 
$
61,078
   
100.0
%
 
$
43,385
   
100.0
%
 
$
108,698
   
100.0
%
Operating costs and expenses
                                                     
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below)
 
37,358
   
25.6
%
   
18,467
   
30.2
%
   
12,954
   
29.9
%
   
27,545
   
25.3
%
Selling, general and administrative expenses
 
30,618
   
21.0
%
   
15,671
   
25.7
%
   
15,583
   
36.0
%
   
32,573
   
30.0
%
Product development expense
 
10,913
   
7.5
%
   
7,278
   
11.9
%
   
7,136
   
16.4
%
   
11,059
   
10.2
%
Depreciation and amortization
 
43,234
   
29.6
%
   
17,639
   
28.9
%
   
10,642
   
24.5
%
   
27,412
   
25.2
%
Total operating costs and expenses
 
122,123
   
83.7
%
   
59,055
   
96.7
%
   
46,315
   
106.8
%
   
98,589
   
90.7
%
Income (loss) from operations
 
23,710
   
16.3
%
   
2,023
   
3.3
%
   
(2,930
)
 
-6.8
%
   
10,109
   
9.3
%
Other (expense) income
                                                     
Interest (expense) income, net
 
(18,698
)
 
-12.8
%
   
(15,082
)
 
-24.7
%
   
277
   
0.6
%
   
386
   
0.3
%
Other income (expense), net
 
1,288
   
0.9
%
   
142
   
0.2
%
   
(76
)
 
-0.2
%
   
(348
)
 
-0.3
%
Total other (expense) income
 
(17,410
)
 
-11.9
%
   
(14,940
)
 
-24.5
%
   
201
   
0.4
%
   
38
   
%
Net income (loss) before income tax
 
6,300
   
4.3
%
   
(12,917
)
 
-21.1
%
   
(2,729
)
 
-6.3
%
   
10,147
   
9.3
%
Income tax provision (benefit)
 
1,236
   
0.8
%
   
(1,958
)
 
-3.2
%
   
(615
)
 
-1.4
%
   
2,441
   
2.2
%
Net income (loss) and comprehensive income (loss)
$
5,064
   
3.5
%
 
$
(10,959
)
 
-17.9
%
 
$
(2,114
)
 
-4.9
%
 
$
7,706
   
7.1
%
Net income (loss) per share
$
0.05
         
$
(0.11
)
       
$
(0.02
)
       
$
0.08
       

Revenues
 
Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2021, Successor 2020 Period, and Predecessor 2020 Period were $145.8 million, $61.1 million, and $43.4 million, respectively. The $41.3 million increase, or 39.5% growth rate, for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period was due to an increase in Direct Revenue of $26.9 million, or 30.2%, to $116.0 million and an increase in Indirect Revenue of $14.4 million, or 94.1%, to $29.8 million. The increase in Direct Revenue was driven by both an increase in ARPPU and Paying Users. ARPPU increased by 27.3%, or $3.46, to $16.08 in 2021 from $12.63 in the combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period. Our ARPPU increased as we improved product mix with growth in our Unlimited tier and optimized pricing on legacy plans during the year ended December 31, 2021. Adjusted Direct Revenue was $116.9 million and Adjusted ARPPU was $16.21 for the year ended December 31, 2021. In 2021, Paying Users increased by 13 thousand to 601 thousand, from 588 thousand in the combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period, as we released new monetization features for our subscription plans. The increase in Indirect Revenue was primarily drive by year-over-year growth in advertising revenue. In January 2020, one of our third-party advertising partners, MoPub (recently acquired by Applovin), temporarily suspended our partnership due to a negative report concerning Grindr’s data policies. In response to this, Grindr worked with MoPub to address these concerns and the partnership was reinstated in mid-2020. Since then, Grindr’s Indirect Revenue has rebounded, contributing to the year-over-year increase in 2021. COVID-19 adversely affected our business for part of 2021 and most of 2020. Given the 2020 acquisition by San Vicente and the impact of COVID-19, we took the opportunity to focus our efforts internally by reassessing strategic priorities, updating our technology infrastructure, upgrading our data systems, stabilizing our product, and optimizing our cost structure. The result was to position the company for significant revenue growth in 2021 and a business better positioned for future growth. See the section titled “Risk Factors” of this Current Report on Form 8-K.
 
11

Revenues for the Successor 2020 Period, Predecessor 2020 Period, and year ended December 31, 2019 were $61.1 million, $43.4 million, and $108.7 million, respectively. The decrease for the combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period compared to the year ended December 31, 2019 of $4.2 million, or (3.9)%, was due to an increase of $5.1 million, or 6.1%, in Direct Revenue to $89.1 million and a decrease of $9.3 million, or 37.8%, in Indirect Revenue to $15.4 million. The increase in Direct Revenue was primarily due to an increase in ARPPU, associated with a favorable shift in mix of premium tier Paying Users. In the combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period, ARPPU increased by 11.5%, or $1.30, to $12.63 from $11.33 in 2019. Adjusted Direct Revenue was $97.3 million and Adjusted ARPPU was $13.79 for the combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period. The increases in Adjusted ARPPU and in ARPPU were partially offset by a decrease in Paying Users of 30 thousand to 588 thousand in the combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period. COVID-19 had a much larger impact on our lower priced tier, XTRA, user base. The decrease in Indirect Revenue was primarily driven by year-over-year decline in advertising revenue, which was due to the MoPub suspension discussed in the previous paragraph.
 
Revenues from operations in the United States increased by $33.7 million, or 56.3%, in the year ended December 31, 2021 as compared to the combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period. During this same period, revenues from operations in the United Kingdom increased by $1.4 million, or 15.6%, and revenues from operations in the remainder of the world increased by $6.2 million, or 17.6%. These changes are consistent with revenue changes previously noted.
 
Revenues from operations in the United States decreased by $8.9 million, or (12.9)%, in the combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period as compared to the year ended December 31, 2019. During this same period, revenues from operations in the United Kingdom increased by $0.3 million, or 3.6%, and revenues from operations in the remainder of the world increased by $4.3 million, or 13.9%. These changes are consistent with revenue changes previously noted.
 
Cost of revenue
 
Cost of revenue for the year ended December 31, 2021, Successor 2020 Period, and Predecessor 2020 Period were $37.4 million, $18.5 million, and $13.0 million, respectively. Cost of revenue increased by $5.9 million, or 18.7%, in the year ended December 31, 2021 as compared to the combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period. This increase was primarily due to growth in distribution fees (consistent with direct revenue growth) and increased infrastructure costs associated with our primary information systems vendors.
 
Cost of revenue for the Successor 2020 Period, Predecessor 2020 Period, and year ended December 31, 2019 were $18.5 million, $13.0 million, and $27.5 million, respectively. Cost of revenue increased by $4.0 million, or 14.5%, in the combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period as compared to the year ended December 31, 2019. This increase was primarily due to growth in distribution fees and infrastructure costs.
 
Selling, general and administrative expense
 
Selling, general and administrative expense for the year ended December 31, 2021, Successor 2020 Period, and Predecessor 2020 Period were $30.6 million, $15.7 million, and $15.6 million respectively. Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased $0.7 million, or (2.2)%, in the year ended December 31, 2021 as compared to the combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period, primarily due to lower user acquisition spend and decreased contractor expenses. These decreases were partially offset by increased full-time employee-related expenses associated with headcount growth.
 
Selling, general and administrative expense for the Successor 2020 Period, Predecessor 2020 Period, and year ended December 31, 2019 were $15.7 million, $15.6 million, and $32.6 million respectively. Selling, general and administrative expense decreased $1.3 million, or (4.0)%, in the combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2019 primarily due to lower office, travel, and other general administrative expenses, as a result of the COVID-19 lockdown.
 
12

Product development expense
 
Product development expense for the year ended December 31, 2021, Successor 2020 Period, and Predecessor 2020 Period were $10.9 million, $7.3 million, and $7.1 million, respectively. Product development expense decreased $3.5 million, or (24.3)%, in the year ended December 31, 2021 as compared to the combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period, due to lower contractor expenses, partially offset by increased full-time employee-related expenses.
 
Product development expense for the Successor 2020 Period, Predecessor 2020 Period, and year ended December 31, 2019, were $7.3 million, $7.1 million, and $11.1 million, respectively. Product development expense increased $3.3 million, or 29.7%, in the combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2019, due to higher employee and contractor related expenses.
 
Depreciation and amortization
 
Depreciation and amortization for the year ended December 31, 2021, Successor 2020 Period, and Predecessor 2020 Period were $43.2 million, $17.6 million, and $10.6 million, respectively. Depreciation and amortization increased $15.0 million, or 53.2%, in the year ended December 31, 2021 as compared to the Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period, primarily due to an increase in acquired intangibles amortization due to the acquisition in June 2020, as certain customer related intangible assets were amortized under an accelerated amortization schedule, with higher amounts expensed in 2021 compared to the Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period combined. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in intangible impairment expense.
 
Depreciation and amortization for the Successor 2020 Period, Predecessor 2020 Period, and year ended December 31, 2019 were $17.6 million, $10.6 million, and $27.4 million respectively. Depreciation and amortization increased $0.8 million, or 2.9%, in the combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2019, primarily due an increase in intangible asset impairment expense which resulted in less amortization for the year ended December 31, 2019. This decrease was partially offset by an increase in acquired intangible amortization expense.
 
Interest (expense) income, net
 
Interest income for the year ended 2021 primarily relates to a $30 million promissory note from Catapult GP II in conjunction with the common units purchased on April 27, 2021. Total promissory note bears interest at 10.0% per annum. Total amount of interest income related to the note for the successor year ended December 31, 2021 was $2.0 million. Interest income during the Predecessor period 2020 and year ended December 31, 2019 was $0.3 million, and $0.4 million, respectively, primarily related to interest earned on a $14.0 million loan to Kunlun bearing an interest rate of 2.0% per annum. See Note 9 and Note 17 to Grindr’s audited consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-70 and F-102, respectively, of the final prospectus and definitive proxy statement for additional information.
 
Interest expense relates primarily to the $192.0 million credit agreement entered into in the Successor 2020 Period. Total amount of interest expense related to the credit agreement for the successor year ended December 31, 2021 and Successor 2020 Period was $20.7 million and $15.1 million respectively. See Note 1 to Grindr’s audited consolidated financial beginning on page F-70 of the final prospectus and definitive proxy statement for additional information.
 
Interest (expense) income, net for the year ended December 31, 2021, Successor 2020 Period, and Predecessor 2020 Period were $(18.7) million, $(15.1) million, and $0.3 million, respectively.
 
Interest (expense) income, net increased by $3.9 million in the year ended December 31, 2021 as compared to the combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period, primarily due to the additional interest expense associated with raising $192.0 million in debt June 2020. The higher interest expense was partially offset by an increase in interest income associated with a loan arrangement.
 
Interest (expense) income, net for the Successor 2020 Period, Predecessor 2020 Period, and year ended December 31, 2019 were $(15.1) million, $0.3 million, and $0.4 million, respectively. Interest (expense) income, net changed by $15.2 million from interest expense, net in the combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period to interest income, net during the year ended December 31, 2019, primarily due to greater interest expense associated with raising $192.0 million in debt June 2020.
 
13

Other income (expense), net
 
Other income includes primarily the forgiveness of the Paycheck Protection Program Loan (“PPP loan”). See Note 11 to Grindr’s audited consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-90 of the final prospectus and definitive proxy statement for additional information. Other expenses include primarily expenses such as charitable contributions, exchange rate gains or losses.
 
Other income (expense), net for the year ended December 31, 2021, Successor 2020 Period, and Predecessor 2020 Period were $1.3 million, $0.1 million, and $(0.1) million, respectively. Other income (expense), net increased by $1.3 million in the year ended December 31, 2021 as compared to the combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period, primarily due to forgiveness received on our $1.5 million PPP Loan in October 2021.
 
Other income (expense), net for the Successor 2020 Period, Predecessor 2020 Period, and year ended December 31, 2019 were $0.1 million, $(0.1) million, and $(0.3) million, respectively. Other income (expense), net increased by $0.4 million in the combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2019, primarily due to exchange rate gain/loss changes and a decrease in charitable contributions.
 
Income tax provision (benefit)

We recorded income tax provision (benefit) as follows:
 
   
Successor
   
Predecessor
 
   
Year ended
December 31,
2021
   
From June 11,
2020 through
December 31,
2020
   
From January 1,
2020 through
June 10,
2020
   
Year ended
December 31,
2019
 
Current income tax provision (benefit):
                       
Federal
 
$
4,828
   
$
1,461
   
$
760
   
$
341
 
State
   
711
     
521
     
193
     
(73
)
International
   
9
     
     
     
 
Total current tax provision (benefit):
   
5,548
     
1,982
     
953
     
268
 
Deferred income tax provision (benefit):
                               
Federal
   
(4,436
)
   
(3,552
)
   
(1,304
)
   
2,170
 
State
   
124
     
(388
)
   
(264
)
   
3
 
International
   
     
     
     
 
Total deferred tax provision (benefit)
   
(4,312
)
   
(3,940
)
   
(1,568
)
   
2,173
 
Total income tax provision (benefit)
 
$
1,236
   
$
(1,958
)
 
$
(615
)
 
$
2,441
 
 
Our effective tax rates in fiscal 2022 and future periods may fluctuate, as a result of changes in our forecasts where losses cannot be benefited due to the existence of valuation allowances on our deferred tax assets, changes in actual results versus our estimates, or changes in tax laws, regulations, accounting principles, or interpretations thereof.
 
14

Net income (loss)
 
Net income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2021, Successor 2020 Period, and Predecessor 2020 Period was $5.1 million, $(11.0) million, and $(2.1) million, respectively. Net income increased by $18.2 million to $5.1 million net income in the year ended December 31, 2021 from a $13.1 million net loss in the combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period.
 
Net income (loss) for the Successor 2020 Period, Predecessor 2020 Period, and year ended December 31, 2019 was $(11.0) million, $(2.1) million, and $7.7 million, respectively. Net income decreased by $20.8 million to $13.1 million net loss in the combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period from $7.7 million net income in the year ended December 31, 2019.
 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 Compared to the Three Months Ended September 30, 2021 and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 Compared to the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
 
Results of Operations
                                               
($ in thousands)
 
Three
Months
Ended
September
30,
2022
   
% of
Total
Revenue
 
Three
Months
Ended
September
30,
2021
   
% of
Total
Revenue
 
Nine
Months
Ended
September
30,
2022
   
% of
Total
Revenue
 
Nine
Months
Ended
September
30,
2021
   
% of
Total
Revenue
 
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)
                                               
Revenues
 
$
50,402
   
100.0
%
 
$
38,249
   
100.0
%
$
140,487
   
100.0
%
$
100,812
   
100.0
%
Operating costs and expenses
                                                       
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below)
   
12,955
   
25.7
%
   
9,621
   
25.2
%
   
36,758
   
26.2
%
   
25,723
   
25.5
%
Selling, general and administrative expenses
   
20,331
   
40.3
%
   
8,335
   
21.8
%
   
53,822
   
38.3
%
   
21,798
   
21.6
%
Product development expense
   
4,159
   
8.3
%
   
2,841
   
7.4
%
   
11,981
   
8.5
%
   
7,422
   
7.4
%
Depreciation and amortization
   
9,097
   
18.0
%
   
10,708
   
28.0
%
   
27,215
   
19.4
%
   
32,534
   
32.3
%
Total operating costs and expenses
   
46,542
   
92.3
%
   
31,505
   
82.4
%
   
129,776
   
92.4
%
   
87,477
   
86.8
%
Income (loss) from operations
   
3,860
   
7.7
%
   
6,744
   
17.6
%
   
10,711
   
7.6
%
   
13,335
   
13.2
%
Other (expense) income
                                                       
Interest (expense) income, net
   
(4,786
)
 
(9.5
)%
   
(4,300
)
 
(11.2
)%
   
(10,998
)
 
(7.8
)%
   
(14,863
)
 
(14.7
)%
Other income (expense), net
   
(263
)
 
(0.5
)%
   
(89
)
 
(0.2
)%
   
(329
)
 
(0.2
)%
   
(119
)
 
(0.1
)%
Total other (expense) income
   
(5,049
)
 
(10.0
)%
   
(4,389
)
 
(11.5
)%
   
(11,327
)
 
(8.1
)%
   
(14,982
)
 
(14.9
)%
Net income (loss) before income tax
   
(1,189
)
 
(2.4
)%
   
2,355
   
6.2
 %
   
(616
)
 
(0.4
)%
   
(1,647
)
 
(1.6
)%
Income tax provision (benefit)
   
3,474
   
6.9
 %
   
461
   
1.2
 %
   
3,727
   
2.7
 %
   
(214
)
 
(0.2
)%
Net income (loss) and comprehensive income (loss)
 
$
(4,663
)
 
(9.3
)%
 
$
1,894
   
5.0
 %
 
$
(4,343
)
 
(3.1
)%
 
$
(1,433
)
 
(1.4
)%
Net income (loss) per share
 
$
(0.04
)
        
$
0.02
           
$
(0.04
)
   
   
$
(0.01
)
     

Revenues
 
Revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 were $50.4 million and $38.2 million, respectively. The $12.2 million increase, or 31.9%, for the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021 was due to an increase in Direct Revenue of $12.7 million, or 41.6%, from $30.5 million to $43.2 million. The increase in Direct Revenue was driven by both an increase in ARPPU and Paying Users. ARPPU increased by 6.1%, or $1.01, to $17.67 for the three months ended September 30, 2022, from $16.66 for the three months ended September 30, 2021. Our ARPPU increased as we improved product mix with growth in our Unlimited tier and optimized pricing on legacy plans in 2021. Adjusted Direct Revenue was $43.2 million and $30.5 million, Adjusted ARPPU was $17.67 and $16.66 for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, Paying Users increased by 204 thousand from over 611 thousand to over 815 thousand. We made various product changes and released new monetization features for our subscription plans, which resulted in growth in our MAUs as well as higher conversion of those MAUs into Paying Users. The increase in Indirect Revenue was primarily driven by year-over-year growth in advertising revenue. Advertising revenue increased for the three months ended September 30, 2022, as compared to the same time period in 2021, primarily because we sold a greater number of impressions to our direct advertisers via our brand sales team as well as to our self-serve advertisers via our third-party partnership with Bucksense.
 
15

Revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 were $140.5 million and $100.8 million, respectively. The $39.7 million increase, or 39.4%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was due to an increase in Direct Revenue of $37.7 million, or 46.7%, from $80.7 million to $118.4 million and an increase in Indirect Revenue of $2.0 million, or 10.0%, from $20.1 million to $22.1 million. The increase in Direct Revenue was driven by both an increase in ARPPU and Paying Users. ARPPU increased by 10.1%, or $1.57, to $17.12 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 from $15.55 for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. Our ARPPU increased as we improved product mix with growth in our Unlimited tier and optimized pricing on legacy plans in 2021. Adjusted Direct Revenue was $118.4 million and $81.6 million, Adjusted ARPPU was $17.12 and $15.72 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, Paying Users increased by 191 thousand from over 577 thousand to over 768 thousand, as we made various product changes and released new monetization features for our subscription plans, which resulted in growth in our MAUs as well as higher conversion of those MAUs into Paying Users. The increase in Indirect Revenue was primarily driven by year-over-year growth in advertising revenue. Advertising revenue increased, as we optimized our ad unit strategy throughout 2021, resulting in fewer ad impressions being sold at a higher blended cost per ad impression to advertisers on our platform.
 
For the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, revenues from operations in the United States increased by $7.6 million, or 32.3%. During this same period, revenues from operations in the United Kingdom increased by $0.7 million, or 22.6%, and revenues from operations in the remainder of the world increased by $3.9 million, or 33.6%. The reasons for these changes are consistent with revenue changes previously noted.
 
For the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, revenues from operations in the United States increased by $24.4 million, or 38.4%. During this same period, revenues from operations in the United Kingdom increased by $2.7 million, or 34.6%, and revenues from operations in the rest of the world increased by $12.7 million, or 43.1%. The reasons for these changes are consistent with revenue changes previously noted.
 
Cost of revenue
 
Cost of revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 were $13.0 million and $9.6 million, respectively. The $3.4 million increase, or 35.4%, was primarily due to a $2.1 million growth in distribution fees (consistent with direct revenue growth), $0.7 million in increased infrastructure costs associated with our primary information systems vendors, and $0.4 million higher content moderation expenses required to support user growth.
 
Cost of revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 were $36.8 million and $25.7 million, respectively. The $11.1 million increase, or 43.2%, was primarily due to a $6.7 million growth in distribution fees (consistent with direct revenue growth), a $3.2 million increase infrastructure costs associated with our primary information systems vendors, and $1.2 million higher content moderation expenses required to support user growth.
 
Selling, general and administrative expense
 
Selling, general and administrative expense for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 were $20.3 million and $8.3 million, respectively. The $12.0 million increase, or 144.6%, was primarily due to a $9.0 million increase in equity compensation expense due to the Series P unit modification that occurred in the second quarter of 2022, as well as $2.1 million in higher personnel expenses associated with headcount growth in functional areas such as customer experience, recruiting and IT. The increase was also due to higher outside service fees for recruiting, audit, tax, and other consulting services, branding and marketing costs, as well as other general and administrative expenses, such as general liability insurance, office software, and business travel and entertainment.
 
16

Selling, general and administrative expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 were $53.8 million and $21.8 million, respectively. The $32.0 million increase, or 146.8%, was primarily due to a $21.6 million increase in equity compensation expense resulting from the Series P unit modification that occurred in the second quarter of 2022, as well as $6.8 million in higher personnel expenses associated with headcount growth in functional areas such as customer experience, recruiting and IT. The increase was also due to higher outside service fees for audit, tax, recruiting, and other consulting services, branding and marketing costs, as well as other general and administrative expenses, such as general liability insurance, office software, and business travel and entertainment.
 
Product development expense
 
Product development expense for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 were $4.2 million and $2.8 million, respectively. The $1.4 million increase, or 50.0%, was due to increased full-time employee-related expenses primarily associated with headcount growth.
 
Product development expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 were $12.0 million and $7.4 million, respectively. The $4.6 million increase, or 62.2%, was due to increased full-time employee-related expenses primarily associated with headcount growth.
 
Depreciation and amortization
 
Depreciation and amortization for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 were $9.1 million and $10.7 million, respectively. The $1.6 million decrease, or (15.0)%, was primarily due to a decrease in acquired intangibles amortization. Certain customer related intangible assets arising from the acquisition in June 2020 are amortized under an accelerated amortization schedule, with lower amounts expensed during the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021.
 
Depreciation and amortization for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 were $27.2 million and $32.5 million, respectively. The $5.3 million decrease, or (16.3)%, was primarily due to a decrease in acquired intangibles amortization. Certain customer related intangible assets arising from the acquisition in June 2020 are amortized under an accelerated amortization schedule, with lower amounts expensed during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021.
 
Interest (expense) income, net
 
Interest (expense) income, net for the three months ended September 30, 2022, and 2021 were $(4.8) million and $(4.3) million, respectively. The $0.5 million increase, or 11.6%, was primarily due to $0.6 million higher interest expense from higher debt balance and increased interest rates starting in June 2022. This increase was partially offset by an increase in interest income associated with a related party loan arrangement to Catapult GP II. See Note 5 to Grindr’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 filed as Exhibit 99.4 to this Current Report on Form 8-K.
 
Interest (expense) income, net for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 were $(11.0) million and $(14.9) million, respectively. The $3.9 million decrease, or (26.2)%, was primarily due to $2.8 million lower interest expense due to lower debt balance and interest rates through June 2022, partially offset by higher debt balance and increased interest rates starting in June 2022. Also contributing to the overall decrease was a $1.1 million increase in interest income associated with a related party loan arrangement to Catapult GP II. See Note 5 to Grindr’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 filed as Exhibit 99.4 to this Current Report on Form 8-K.

Other income (expense), net
 
Other income (expenses), net include primarily expenses such as charitable contributions and exchange rate gains or losses.
 
Other income (expense), net for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 were $(0.3) million and $(0.1) million, respectively.
 
Other income (expense), net for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, and 2021 were $(0.3) million and $(0.1) million, respectively.
 
17

Income tax provision (benefit)
 
Our effective tax rates in fiscal 2022 and future periods may fluctuate, as a result of changes in our forecasts where losses cannot be benefited due to the existence of valuation allowances on our deferred tax assets, changes in actual results versus our estimates, or changes in tax laws, regulations, accounting principles, or interpretations thereof.

Ordinarily, in determining the quarterly provisions for income taxes, the Company uses an estimated annual effective tax rate, which is generally based on our expected annual income and statutory tax rates in the U.S. and Canada.  Due to the difficulty forecasting the calendar year 2022 of income (loss) by jurisdiction, we determined the estimated annual effective rate method would not provide a reliable estimate of the Company’s overall annual effective tax rate. As such, we have calculated the tax provision using the actual effective rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.  In addition, the effect of changes in enacted tax laws or rates and tax status is recognized in the interim period in which the change occurs.
 
Income tax provision (benefit) for the three months ended September 30, 2022 increased by $3.0 million, and the effective tax rate decreased by (310.2) percentage points, compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021.
 
Income tax provision (benefit) for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 increased by $3.9 million, and the effective tax rate decreased by (626.3) percentage points, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021.
 
Income taxes changed from a provision of $0.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 to a provision of $3.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022. The change is primarily due to the Company experiencing a pre-tax loss for the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to a pre-tax income during the same period in 2021, as well as a decrease in the year to date effective tax rate. The decrease in the effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2022 was impacted by the year to date levels of annual taxable income, permanent items, of which 792.8% is primarily related to the Series P equity compensation, partially offset by 194.1% related to the foreign derived intangible income deduction.
 
Income taxes changed from a benefit of $(0.2) million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 to a provision of $3.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The change is primarily due to the Company experiencing a pre-tax loss during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to a pre-tax income for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, as well as a decrease in the year to date effective tax rate. The decrease in the effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was impacted by the year to date levels of annual taxable income, permanent items, of which 750.6% is primarily related to the Series P equity compensation, partially offset by 179.9% related to the foreign derived intangible income deduction.
 
Net income (loss)
 
Net income (loss) for the three months ended September 30, 2022, and 2021 was $(4.7) million and $1.9 million, respectively. Net (loss) for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 was $(4.3) million and $(1.4) million, respectively.

 
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
 
To supplement our consolidated financial statements, which are prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP, we use Adjusted Direct Revenue and Adjusted EBITDA, as described below, to understand and evaluate our core operating performance. These non-GAAP financial measures, which may differ from similarly titled measures used by other companies, is presented to enhance investors’ overall understanding of our financial performance and should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, the financial information prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP.
 
Adjusted Direct Revenue
 
We define Adjusted Direct Revenue as Direct Revenue adjusted for the release of the fair value adjustment of deferred revenue into revenue of the acquired deferred revenue due to the June 10, 2020 acquisition (See Note 3 to Grindr’s audited consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-82 of the final prospectus and definitive proxy statement for additional information).

18

The following table presents the reconciliation of Direct Revenue to Adjusted Direct Revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the year ended December 31, 2021, Successor 2020 Period, Predecessor 2020 Period, and the year ended December 31, 2019.

($ in thousands)
 
Three Months
Ended
September 30,
2022
   
Three Months
Ended
September 30,
2021
   
Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2022
   
Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2021
 
Reconciliation of Direct Revenue to Adjusted Direct Revenue
                       
Direct Revenue
 
$
43,209
   
$
30,537
   
$
118,364
   
$
80,733
 
Adjustments
   
     
     
     
892
 
Adjusted Direct Revenue
 
$
43,209
   
$
30,537
   
$
118,364
   
$
81,625
 
 

   
Successor
   
Predecessor
 
($ in thousands)
 
Year ended
December 31,
2021
   
Period from
June 11, 2020
to December 31,
2020
   
Period from
January 1, 2020
to June 10,
2020
   
Year ended
December 31,
2019
 
Reconciliation of Direct Revenue to Adjusted Direct Revenue
                       
Direct Revenue
 
$
116,031
   
$
49,268
   
$
39,840
   
$
84,000
 
Adjustments
   
900
     
8,194
     
4
     
46
 
Adjusted Direct Revenue
 
$
116,931
   
$
57,462
   
$
39,844
   
$
84,046
 
 
Adjusted EBITDA
 
The primary financial measure we use is Adjusted EBITDA. EBITDA is defined as earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization. We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss) excluding income tax provision, interest expense, depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation expense, non-core expenses/losses (gains), including purchase accounting adjustments related to deferred revenue, transaction-related costs, management fees, and interest income from the related party loan to Catapult GP II. Our management uses this measure internally to evaluate the performance of our business and this measure is one of the primary metrics by which our internal budgets are based and by which management is compensated. We exclude the above items as some are non-cash in nature, and others are non-recurring that they may not be representative of normal operating results. This non-GAAP financial measure adjusts for the impact of items that we do not consider indicative of the operational performance of our business. While we believe that this non-GAAP financial measure is useful in evaluating our business, this information should be considered as supplemental in nature and is not meant as a substitute for the related financial information prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP.
 
19

The following table presents the reconciliation of net income (loss) to Adjusted EBITDA for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the year ended December 31, 2021, Successor 2020 Period, Predecessor 2020 Period, and the year ended December 31, 2019.
 
($ in thousands)
 
Three Months
Ended
September 30,
2022
   
Three Months
Ended
September 30,
2021
   
Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2022
   
Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2021
 
Reconciliation of net income (loss) to adjusted EBITDA
                       
Net income (loss)
 
$
(4,663
)
 
$
1,894
   
$
(4,343
)
 
$
(1,433
)
Interest expense (income), net
   
4,786
     
4,300
     
10,998
     
14,863
 
Income tax provision (benefit)
   
3,474
     
461
     
3,727
     
(214
)
Depreciation and amortization
   
9,097
     
10,708
     
27,215
     
32,534
 
Transaction-related costs (1)
   
1,033
     
1,835
     
2,211
     
2,978
 
Litigation related costs (2)
   
439
     
231
     
1,521
     
1,378
 
Stock-based compensation expense
   
9,686
     
664
     
23,353
     
1,806
 
Management fees (3)
   
181
     
181
     
544
     
543
 
Purchase accounting adjustment (4)
   
     
     
     
892
 
Other expenses (income) (5)
   
1
     
218
     
552
     
351
 
Adjusted EBITDA
   
24,034
     
20,492
     
65,778
     
53,698
 
_________________
(1)
Transaction related costs represent legal, tax, accounting, consulting, and other professional fees related to the Merger with Grindr and other potential acquisitions, that are non-recurring in nature.
(2)
Litigation related costs primarily represent external legal fees associated with the outstanding litigation or regulatory matters such as the potential Datatilsynet fine or the CFIUS review of the Business Combination, which are unrelated to Legacy Grindr’s core ongoing business operations.
(3)
Management fees represent administrative costs associated with SVH’s administrative role in managing financial relationships and providing directive on strategic and operational decisions, which ceased to continue after the closing of the Merger with Grindr.
(4)
Purchase accounting adjustment includes the effects of the purchase accounting adjustment related to deferred revenue resulting from the June 10, 2020 acquisition.
(5)
Other expenses (income) primarily represents costs incurred from reorganization events that are unrelated to Grindr’s core ongoing business operations, including severance and employment related costs which, for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 are insignificant and for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 are $0.5 million and $0.1 million, respectively.
   
Successor
   
Predecessor
 
($ in thousands)
 
Year ended December 31, 2021
   
Period from June 11, 2020 to December 31, 2020
   
Period from January 1, 2020 to June 10, 2020
   
Year ended December 31, 2019
 
Reconciliation of net income (loss) to adjusted EBITDA
                       
Net income (loss)          
 
$
5,064
   
$
(10,959
)
 
$
(2,114
)
 
$
7,706
 
Interest expense (income), net          
   
18,698
     
15,082
     
(277
)
   
(386
)
Income tax provision (benefit)
   
1,236
     
(1,958
)
   
(615
)
   
2,441
 
Depreciation and amortization
   
43,234
     
17,639
     
10,642
     
27,412
 
Transaction-related costs (1)          
   
3,854
     
6,453
     
691
     
 
Litigation related costs (2)          
   
1,913
     
70
     
902
     
3,342
 
Stock-based compensation expense
   
2,485
     
916
     
343
     
6,780
 
Management fees (3)          
   
728
     
444
     
386
     
662
 
Purchase accounting adjustment (4)
   
900
     
8,194
     
     
 
Other expenses (income) (5)          
   
(1,058
)
   
(148
)
   
4,966
     
2,496
 
Adjusted EBITDA          
 
$
77,054
   
$
35,733
   
$
14,924
   
$
50,453
 
_________________
(1)
Transaction related costs incurred during the year ended December 31, 2021 consist of legal, tax, accounting, consulting, and other professional fees related to the Merger with Tiga and other potential acquisitions, that are non-recurring in nature. Transaction related costs incurred during the combined 2020 Successor and Predecessor period consist of legal, tax, accounting, consulting, and other professional fees related to SVH’s indirect acquisition of Legacy Grindr from Kunlun in June 2020.
(2)
For the year ended December 31, 2021, litigation related costs primarily represent external legal fees associated with the outstanding litigation or regulatory matters such as the potential Datatilsynet fine or the CFIUS review of the Business Combination, which are unrelated to Legacy Grindr’s core ongoing business operations. For the combined 2020 Successor and Predecessor period and year ended December 31, 2020, litigation related costs primarily represent external legal fees associated with the outstanding litigation or regulatory matters the CFIUS review of SVH’s indirect acquisition of Legacy Grindr, which are unrelated to Legacy Grindr’s core ongoing business operations.
(3)
Management fees represent administrative costs associated with SVH’s administrative role in managing financial relationships and providing directive on strategic and operational decisions, which will not continue after the closing of the Merger with Grindr.
(4)
Purchase accounting adjustment includes the effects of the purchase accounting adjustment related to deferred revenue resulting from the June 10, 2020 acquisition.
(5)
For the year ended December 31, 2021, other expenses (income) primarily represents costs incurred from reorganization events that are unrelated to Legacy Grindr’s core ongoing business operations, including severance and employment related costs of $0.5 million offset by PPP loan forgiveness income of $1.5 million. For the combined 2020 Successor and Predecessor period, other expenses (income) primarily represents a one-time settlement of $5.5 million related to the outstanding incentive units that were settled upon SVH’s indirect acquisition of Legacy Grindr. For year ended December 31, 2019, other expenses (income) primarily represents public readiness preparation costs of $1.4 million, as well as restructuring costs of $0.6 million that are unrelated to Grindr’s core ongoing business operations.

20

For the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, Adjusted EBITDA increased by $3.5 million, or 17.1%, which was primarily due to an increase in revenue, which was partially offset by higher operating expenses (excluding one-time, non-recurring, and other expenses, as outlined in the Adjusted EBITDA definition).
 
For the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, Adjusted EBITDA increased by $12.1 million, or 22.5%, which was primarily due to an increase in revenue, which was partially offset by higher operating expenses (excluding one-time, non-recurring, and other expenses, as outlined in the Adjusted EBITDA definition).
 
Adjusted EBITDA increased by $26.5 million, or 52.4%, in the year ended December 31, 2021 as compared to the combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period, primarily due to an increase in revenue, which was partially offset by higher operating expenses (excluding one-time, non-recurring, and other expenses, as outlined in the Adjusted EBITDA definition). Adjusted EBITDA increased by $0.1 million, or 0.2%, in the combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period as compared to the year ended December 31, 2019, primarily due to a decrease in total expenses (excluding one-time, non-recurring, and other expenses, as outlined in the Adjusted EBITDA definition).
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
Cash Flows for the Year Ended December 31, 2021 and the period from June 11, 2020 to December 31, 2020 (Successor), the period from January 1, 2020 to June 10, 2020 and the year ended December 31, 2019 (Predecessor)
 
The following table summarizes our total cash and cash equivalent:
 
   
Successor
   
Predecessor
 
($ in thousands)
 
Year ended
December 31, 2021
   
Period from
June 11, 2020 to
December 31, 2020
   
Period from
January 1, 2020 to
June 10, 2020
   
Year ended
December 31, 2019
 
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash (as of the end of period)
 
$
17,170
   
$
42,786
   
$
66,454
   
$
47,950
 
Net cash provided by (used in):
                               
Operating activities
   
34,430
     
9,602
     
16,456
     
37,973
 
Investing activities
   
(3,797
)
   
(264,991
)
   
534
     
(4,684
)
Financing activities
   
(56,249
)
   
298,175
     
1,514
     
 
Net change in cash and cash equivalents
 
$
(25,616
)
 
$
42,786
   
$
18,504
   
$
33,289
 
 
Cash flows provided by operating activities
 
Net cash provided by operating activities are primarily dependent on our revenues affected by timing of receipts from subscription and advertising sales. It is also dependent on managing our operating expenses, such as salaries and employee-related costs, selling and marketing expenses, transaction costs, and other general and administrative expenses. We expect to maintain strong operating cash flows given our historical performance. We will continue to invest in the right resources to support longer term profitable growth. Our operating cash flows should continue to cover our operating and financing costs.
 
During the year ended December 31, 2021, our operations provided $34.4 million of cash, which was primarily attributable to Net Income (Loss) of $5.1 million, increased by $43.2 million in depreciation and amortization and decreased by $2.9 million in other non-cash adjustments. Cash flows provided by operating activities were further decreased by $10.9 million from changes in operating assets and liabilities.
 
During the combined Successor 2020 Period and Predecessor 2020 Period, our operations provided $26.1 million of cash, which was primarily attributable to Net Income (Loss) of ($13.1) million, increased by $28.4 million in depreciation and amortization and other non-cash add-backs. Cash flows provided by operating activities were further increased by $10.7 million from changes in operating assets and liabilities.
 
During the year ended December 31, 2019, our operations provided $38.0 million of cash, which was primarily attributable to Net Income (Loss) of $7.7 million, increased by $27.4 million in depreciation and amortization, and further increased by $9.3 million in share-based compensation and other non-cash add-backs. Cash flows provided from operating activities were further decreased by $6.4 million in changes in operating assets and liabilities.
 
21

Cash flows used in investing activities
 
Net cash used in investing activities in the year ended December 31, 2021 consisted of additions to capitalized software of $3.5 million as well as purchases of property and equipment of $0.3 million. We expect our capital investments to increase over time as we further enhance our platform and product. However, historically this has not been significant, as it has primarily comprised capitalized engineering labor costs and computer hardware costs for employees. Other increases could come from potential acquisitions or other platform extensions.
 
Net cash used in investing activities for the Successor 2020 Period consisted of $263.8 million in cash used to acquire the Predecessor, additions to capitalized software of $1.0 million and purchases of property and equipment of $0.2 million. Net cash used in investing activities for the Predecessor 2020 Period consisted of additions to capitalized software of $1.4 million and purchases of property and equipment of $0.3 million, as well as $2.2 million in proceeds from repayment of promissory notes provided to employees during the year ended December 31, 2019.
 
Net cash used in investing activities in the year ended December 31, 2019 consisted of additions to capitalized software of $2.3 million, purchases of property and equipment of $0.1 million, as well as $2.2 million in promissory notes provided to employees.
 
Cash flows (used in) provided by financing activities
 
Net cash used in financing activities in the year ended December 31, 2021 consisted of $1.4 million in proceeds from exercise of employee stock options, $56.6 million related to principal paydown of our long-term debt as well as $1.0 million in debt issuance costs.
 
Net cash used in financing activities for the Successor 2020 Period consisted of $192.0 million in new long-term debt raised in June 2020 as well as $3.8 million debt issuance costs, offset by $110.0 million in contributions from members. Net cash provided by financing activities for the Predecessor 2020 Period consisted of $1.5 million in proceeds received from our PPP Loan.
 
There was no cash provided by or used in financing activities in the year ended December 31, 2019.
 
Cash Flows for the Nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021
 
The following table summarizes our total cash and cash equivalents:
 
($ in thousands)
 
Nine Months
Ended
September
30, 2022
   
Nine Months
Ended
September
30, 2021
 
Cash, and cash equivalents, including restricted cash (as of the end of period)
 
$
28,628
   
$
56,047
 
Net cash provided by (used in):
               
Operating activities
 
$
36,794
   
$
18,852
 
Investing activities
 
$
(3,773
)
 
$
(2,340
)
Financing activities
 
$
(21,563
)
 
$
(3,251
)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents
 
$
11,458
   
$
13,261
 
 
22

Cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities
 
Net cash provided by operating activities are primarily dependent on our revenues affected by timing of receipts from subscription and advertising sales. It is also dependent on managing our operating expenses, such as salaries and employee-related costs, selling and marketing expenses, transaction costs, and other general and administrative expenses. We expect to maintain strong operating cash flows given our historical performance. We will continue to invest in the right resources to support longer term profitable growth. Our operating cash flows should continue to cover our operating and financing costs.
 
For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, our operations provided $36.8 million of cash, which was primarily attributable to the net income (loss) of $(4.3) million, increased by $27.2 million in depreciation and amortization and increased by $18.3 million in other non-cash adjustments. Cash flows provided by operating activities were further decreased by $4.4 million from changes in operating assets and liabilities.
 
For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, our operations provided $18.9 million of cash, which was primarily attributable to the net income (loss) of $(1.4) million, increased by $32.5 million in depreciation and amortization and decreased by $1.3 million in other non-cash adjustments. Cash flows used in operating activities were further decreased by $10.9 million from changes in operating assets and liabilities.
 
Cash flows used in investing activities
 
Net cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 consisted of additions to capitalized software of $3.4 million and purchases of property and equipment of $0.3 million, which purchases were primarily related to computer hardware for employees. We expect our capital investments to increase over time as we further enhance our platform and product. However, historically, this has not been significant, as it has primarily comprised capitalization of engineering labor costs and computer hardware costs for employees. Other increases could come from potential acquisitions or other platform extensions.
 
Net cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 consisted of additions to capitalized software of $2.2 million and purchases of property and equipment of $0.2 million.
 
Cash flows used in financing activities
 
Net cash used in financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 consisted of $1.1 million in proceeds from exercise of employee stock options as well as $60.0 million proceeds from issuance of debt, offset by $79.5 million in cash dividends paid, $1.0 million in debt issuance costs, and $2.2 million related to principal paydown of our long-term debt.
 
Net cash used in financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 consisted of $0.6 million in proceeds from exercise of employee stock options, offset by $1.0 million debt issuance costs and $2.9 million related to principal paydown of our long-term debt.
 
Financing Arrangements
 
Through September 30, 2022, Grindr completed the following transactions:
 
23

Deferred Payment
 
In June 2020, as part of SVH’s indirect acquisition of approximately 98.6% interest in Grindr (and its subsidiaries) from Kunlun, SV Acquisition agreed to pay what, after adjustments provided for in the acquisition agreement, amounted to a $230.0 million deferred consideration payment liability to Kunlun, payable on the second and third anniversary of the closing date (the “Deferred Payment”). In connection with the acquisition, SV Acquisition assigned the obligations for the Deferred Payment to Grindr, and subsequently, through a series of assumption agreements, SV Acquisition re-assumed the obligations for the Deferred Payment. In June 2022, Grindr declared and then paid a distribution of $83.3 million to its members, including an affiliate of SV Acquisition, on a pro rata basis. Grindr paid this distribution in June and July 2022. SV Acquisition’s affiliate, SV Group Holdings, received its ratable share of this distribution, being $75.0 million, and distributed that amount through intermediate holding companies to SV Acquisition, which then paid such amount to Kunlun in partial satisfaction of the Deferred Payment obligation, thereby reducing such obligation to $155.0 million. The cash transfer to Kunlun was effected by Grindr at the instruction of SV Group Holdings. Substantially simultaneously with Closing, the Deferred Payment obligation was fully repaid. For further information on the Deferred Payment, refer to Note 3 of Grindr’s historical audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021 beginning on page F-82 of the final prospectus and definitive proxy statement for additional information.
 
Fortress Credit Corp. Loan
 
On June 10, 2020, Grindr Gap LLC (f/k/a San Vicente Gap LLC) (“Holdings”), Grindr Capital LLC (f/k/a San Vicente Capital LLC) (“Borrower”), Fortress Credit Corp. (“Fortress”) and the other credit parties thereto entered into a credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”), which permitted the Borrower to borrow up to $192.0 million through a senior secured credit facility. The Borrower used such proceeds to pay part of the total purchase consideration in connection with the SV Acquisition. The Borrower and Fortress entered into Amendment No. 2 to the Credit Agreement on June 13, 2022, which permitted the Borrower to borrow an additional $60.0 million through several supplemental term loans (the “Supplemental Term Loans”). The full amount of the Supplemental Term Loans was drawn on June 13, 2022. Amounts paid or repaid in respect of the Supplemental Term Loans may not be reborrowed. The proceeds of the Supplemental Term Loans were used by the Borrower to fund a restricted payment permitted under the Credit Agreement to Kunlun in partial satisfaction of the Deferred Payment and to pay fees and other transaction costs incurred in connection with such payment (the “Supplemental Term Loan Payment”). The Borrower and Fortress entered into Amendment No. 3 to the Credit Agreement on November 14, 2022, which permitted the Borrower to borrow an additional $170.8 million through several supplemental term loans (the “Supplemental Term Loans II”). The full amount of the Supplemental Term Loans II was drawn on November 14, 2022.
 
Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are collateralized by the capital stock and assets of certain wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Borrower. The Successor’s obligation under the Credit Agreement is guaranteed by certain of the Borrower’s wholly-owned subsidiaries. Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are payable in full on June 10, 2025 with mandatory principal repayments beginning in the first quarter of 2021. Mandatory repayments are equal to 0.5% of the original principal amount of the Credit Agreement. The Borrower is also required to make mandatory prepayments of the Credit Agreement, commencing with the Successor 2020 Period, equal to a defined percentage rate (determined based on the Company’s leverage ratio) of excess cash flows. Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are index rate loans or LIBOR loans, at the Borrower’s discretion. Index rate loans bear interest at the index rate plus applicable margin based on the consolidated total leverage ratio, or 7.0%. LIBOR loans bear interest at LIBOR plus an applicable margin based on the consolidated total leverage ratio, or 8.0%.
 
The Credit Agreement also required the Borrower to make a lump-sum principal repayment in the amount equal to $48.0 million plus related accrued interest on or before February 28, 2021. This repayment date was amended to November 30, 2021 based on an amendment to the Credit Agreement entered into on February 25, 2021. In addition to the mandatory repayment, the Borrower was required to pay a premium of 10.0% of the principal repayment, or $4.8 million together with the mandatory lump-sum principal repayment. In addition, certain restricted payments, including restricted payments made by the Successor and the Supplemental Term Loan, are permitted under the Credit Agreement.

24

The obligations under the Credit Agreement are subject to automatic acceleration upon a voluntary or involuntary bankruptcy event of default, and are subject to acceleration at the election of the lenders upon the continuance of any other event of default, including a material adverse change in the business, operations or conditions of the Company. Failure by SV Acquisition or its affiliates to pay any part of the Deferred Payment within ten (10) business days of Kunlun’s notice of default to SV Acquisition or its affiliates will be deemed an event of default under the terms of the Credit Agreement. A default interest rate of an additional 2.0% per annum will apply on all outstanding obligations during the occurrence and continuance of an event of default. If an event of default occurs on or prior to June 10, 2022, an additional premium will be charged equal to all unpaid interest that would have accrued until the date that is 24 months after the inception of the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement includes restrictive non-financial and financial covenants, including the requirement to maintain a total leverage ratio no greater than 4.75:1.00 prior to and through March 31, 2022, and no greater than 3.25:1.00 thereafter.
 
The carrying value includes the outstanding principal amount and accretion of prepayment premium, less unamortized debt issuance costs.
 
The fair values of the Successor’s Credit Agreement balances were measured by the discounted cash flow method or comparing their prepayment values and observable market data consisting of interest rates of interest rates based on similar credit ratings, which the Company classifies as a Level 2 input within the fair value hierarchy. The estimated fair value of the Credit Agreement balances as of September 30, 2022, December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 is $189,746, $142,963, and $200,640, respectively.
 
On November 14, 2022, the Company entered into an Amendment No. 3 to the Credit Agreement, which allowed the Company to borrow multiple term loans (the “Amendment”). The term loans have the following maximum commitment amounts, $140,800 (“Supplemental Facility I”), and $30,000 (“Supplemental Facility II”). On November 14, 2022 and November 17, 2022, the Company borrowed the fully committed amount for Supplemental Facility I and Supplemental Facility II, respectively. The debt issuance costs related to the Amendment is $3,387 and $750 for Supplemental Facility I and Supplemental Facility II, respectively. All borrowings under the Amendment bear interest at the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”), with an applicable floor, plus an applicable margin as determined by the Company’s net leverage ratio. For Supplemental Facility I, the Company is required to make quarterly amortization payments of $704 on the next business day of the end of each March, June, September and December, beginning in June 2023, with the remaining aggregate principal amount payable on the maturity date on November 14, 2027 (“Supplemental Facility I Maturity Date”). The Supplemental Facility I Maturity Date may be accelerated if certain loans in the existing Credit Agreement or Supplemental Facility II were not repaid on or before their respectively maturity dates. For Supplemental Facility II, the Company is required to make amortization payments of $7,500 on the next business day of the end of June 2023 and December 2023, with the remaining aggregate principal amount payable on the maturity date on May 17, 2024. Refer to Note 13 to Legacy Grindr’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 filed as Exhibit 99.4 to this Current Report on Form 8-K.

Contractual obligations and contingencies
 
Our principal commitments consist of obligations under operating leases for equipment and office space. See Note 12 to Grindr’s audited consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-92 of the final prospectus and definitive proxy statement for additional information.
 
Off-balance sheet arrangements
 
Other than the items described above, we have no significant off-balance sheet arrangements.
 
Quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk
 
We are exposed to market risks, including changes to foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates.

Foreign currency exchange risk
 
Foreign currency exchange gains and losses included in our income for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 are losses of $244.8 thousand and $56.9 thousand, respectively and nine months losses of $263.0 thousand and $91.3 thousand, respectively. The impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates on overall earnings has generally not been significant.

Historically, we have not hedged any foreign currency exposures. Our continued international expansion increases our exposure to exchange rate fluctuations and as a result such fluctuations could have a significant impact on our future results of operations.
 
Interest rate risk
 
Our cash and cash equivalents consist primarily of bank deposits. Changes in U.S. interest rates affect the interest earned on the cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities, and the market value of those securities. We had borrowings outstanding with a carrying value of $194.7 million, net of $3.2 million unamortized debt issuance costs as of September 30, 2022. Borrowings are Index Rate Loans or LIBOR Rate Loans, which accrue interest at a variable rate. The interest rates in effect as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 were 10.3% and 9.5%, respectively, based on the LIBOR Rate plus 8.0%. A hypothetical 100 basis point increase or decrease would not have a material effect on the interest expense for the periods presented.

25


Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
 
The following disclosure is provided to supplement the descriptions of our accounting policies contained in Note 2 to our audited consolidated financial statements in regard to significant areas of judgment. Our management is required to make certain estimates, judgments, and assumptions during the preparation of its consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP. These estimates, judgments, and assumptions impact the reported amount of assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses and the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the consolidated financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Because of the size of the financial statement elements to which they relate, some of our accounting policies and estimates have a more significant impact on our consolidated financial statements than others. What follows is a discussion of some of our more significant accounting policies and estimates.
 
Unit-based and Stock-based Compensation
 
We have granted unit options (Successor periods), restricted unit awards (Successor periods), and restricted stock awards (“RSA”) (Predecessor periods) to employees that vest based solely on continued service, or service conditions. The fair value of each option award containing service conditions is estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The fair value of each RSA containing service conditions is estimated at the grant date based on the fair value of our common stock.
 
On August 13, 2020, the Board of Managers of the Successor, approved the adoption of the 2020 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2020 Plan”), which permits the grant of incentive and unit options, restricted units, stock appreciation rights and phantom units of the Successor.
 
There were 6,522,685 Series X ordinary units and 1,522,843 Series Y preferred units authorized in the 2020 Plan. There were no changes to the authorized number of units in the Successor period. As of September 30, 2022, there were 2,525,550 Series X ordinary units and 1,522,843 Series Y preferred units available for grant under the 2020 plan. As of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, there were 2,780,223 and 3,998,480 Series X ordinary units, respectively, and 1,522,843 and 1,522,843 Series Y preferred units, respectively, available for grant under the 2020 Plan. The Company accounts for unit-based compensation related to service-based and performance-based Series P Units issued by San Vicente Equity Joint Venture LLC (“SVEJV”), a related party and an indirect subsidiary of SV Acquisition, to Catapult Goliath LLC.
 
Employees, consultants and non-employee directors who provide substantial services to the Successor are eligible to be granted unit option awards under the 2020 Plan. Generally, unit options vest 25% on the first anniversary of the vesting commencement date and then quarterly thereafter for 12 quarters, or pursuant to another vesting schedule as approved by the Board and set forth in the option agreement. Unit options have a maximum term of seven years from the date of grant.
 
The Predecessor also granted incentive unit awards that vest upon both a specific period of continued employment and upon a triggering event (as defined in the 2016 Plan of the Predecessor as change of control, or an initial public offering. The Predecessor recognized stock-based compensation expense and the liability related to the cash settlement of the incentive units when the service-based criteria was met and when the triggering event was deemed probable which was determined to be when it occurred.
 
Determining the fair value of service-based unit and stock-based awards at the grant date requires judgment. Our use of the Black-Scholes option-pricing model requires the input of subjective assumptions, such as the fair value of the common stock, the expected term of the option, the expected volatility of the price of our common stock, risk-free interest rates, the expected dividend yield of our common stock, and the expected term option holders will retain their vested awards before exercising them. The assumptions used in our valuation models represent management’s best estimates. These estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management’s judgment. If factors change and different assumptions are used, our stock-based compensation expense could be materially different in the future.
 
The estimated fair value of the performance-based profit units awards is determined using the Black-Scholes valuation model which approximated the option pricing model valuation model. Performance-based profit units require management to make assumptions regarding the likelihood of achieving the Successor’s performance goals and the Successor recognizes compensation expense when the likelihood of the achievement of the performance-based criteria is probable, using an accelerated attribution method. Forfeitures are recognized as they occur. For further information on the modification of Series P units, refer to Note 10 of Grindr’s unaudited financial statements for each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 filed as Exhibit 99.4 to this Current Report on Form 8-K.
 
26

In addition, given the absence of a public trading market, the Predecessor’s Board of Directors and the Successor’s Board of Managers, along with management, exercise reasonable judgment and considered numerous objective and subjective factors to determine the fair value of our common stock including, but not limited to: (i) contemporaneous valuations performed by an independent valuation specialist (ii) our operating and financial performance (iii) issuances of preferred and ordinary units (iv) the valuation of comparable companies; (v) current condition of capital markets and the likelihood of achieving a liquidity event, such as an initial public offering and (vi) the lack of marketability of its common stock.
 
Goodwill and Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets
 
Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets have been recorded in our consolidated financial statements as a result of the acquisition by SV Acquisition. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price in a business combination over the fair value of identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed.
 
We assess goodwill for impairment based on our one reporting unit and indefinite-lived intangible assets on an annual basis in the fourth quarter, and if events or circumstances indicate that the reporting unit’s fair value or indefinite-lived intangible assets fair value may be less than their carrying value. Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested for impairment by first performing a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit and the indefinitely-lived intangible assets is less than their carrying value. If the reporting unit and the indefinite-lived intangible assets do not pass the qualitative assessment or it is determined that it is more-likely-than-not that there may be an impairment, then a quantitative assessment is performed to compare the carrying values to their fair value. An impairment exists when the carrying values exceed their fair values. Certain future events and circumstances, including deterioration of market conditions, higher cost of capital, or a decline in actual and expected customer demands, could result in changes to the assumptions and judgments for the qualitative impairment assessment. No impairment was recorded for any of the periods presented for both the Successor and the Predecessor.
 
Recently Issued and Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
 
For a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements, see Note 2 to Grindr’s audited consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-79 of the final prospectus and definitive proxy statement for additional information.

27

Exhibit 99.3

UNAUDITED PRO FORMA COMBINED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Defined terms included below shall have the same meaning as terms defined and included elsewhere in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus and this Current Report on Form 8-K.

Introduction

The unaudited pro forma combined financial information of Grindr Inc. has been prepared in accordance with Article 11 of Regulation S-X and presents the combination of the historical financial information of Tiga and Legacy Grindr adjusted to give effect to the Business Combination and the other related events contemplated by the Merger Agreement. The unaudited pro forma combined financial information also gives effect to certain completed or probable transactions to be consummated by Tiga and Legacy Grindr that are not yet reflected in the historical financial information of Tiga or Legacy Grindr and are considered material to investors. These material transactions are described below in the sections entitled “—Other Related Events in Connection with the Business Combination” and “—SV Consolidation” sections below.

Tiga is a special-purpose acquisition company (“SPAC”), which was incorporated as a Cayman Islands exempted company on July 27, 2020 and domesticated as a Delaware corporation on November 17, 2022. Tiga was formed for the purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or engaging in any other similar business combination with one or more businesses or entities. Legacy Grindr was organized as a Delaware LLC on June 10, 2020. Grindr is headquartered in West Hollywood, California and manages and operates the Grindr app, a mobile, location-based dating service for gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and other men. The Grindr app is available through Apple’s App Store for iPhones and Google Play for Android. Grindr offers both a free ad-supported service and a premium subscription version and also manages a dating service app called Blendr, for a broader market.

The unaudited pro forma combined balance sheet as of September 30, 2022 combines the historical unaudited balance sheet of Tiga as of September 30, 2022 with the historical unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet of Legacy Grindr as of September 30, 2022 on a pro forma basis as if the Business Combination and the other events, summarized below, had been consummated on September 30, 2022.

The unaudited pro forma combined statement of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 combines the historical unaudited statement of operations of Tiga for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and the historical unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations of Legacy Grindr for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 on a pro forma basis as if the Business Combination and the other events, summarized below, had been consummated on January 1, 2021, the beginning of the earliest period presented. The unaudited pro forma combined statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2021 combines the historical audited statement of operations of Tiga for the year ended December 31, 2021 and the historical audited consolidated statement of operations of Legacy Grindr for the year ended December 31, 2021 on a pro forma basis as if the Business Combination and the other events, summarized below, had been consummated on January 1, 2021, the beginning of the earliest period presented.

The unaudited pro forma combined financial information was derived from and should be read in conjunction with the following historical financial statements and the accompanying notes, which are included in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus or this Current Report on Form 8-K:
 
the historical unaudited financial statements of Tiga as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and the historical audited financial statements of Tiga as of and for the year ended December 31, 2021;
 
the historical unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Legacy Grindr as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and the historical audited consolidated financial statements of Legacy Grindr as of and for the year ended December 31, 2021; and
 
other information relating to Tiga and Legacy Grindr included in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus and this Current Report on Form 8-K, including the Merger Agreement.

The unaudited pro forma combined financial information should also be read together with the sections entitled “Tiga’s Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” “Grindr’s Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and other financial information included in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus and/or this Current Report on Form 8-K.

Description of the Business Combination

Prior to the consummation of the Mergers described herein, Tiga effected a deregistration under Article 206 of the Companies Act and a domestication under Section 388 of the DGCL, pursuant to which Tiga’s jurisdiction of incorporation was changed from the Cayman Islands to the State of Delaware. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, Merger Sub I merged with and into Legacy Grindr, with Legacy Grindr surviving the First Merger; and as promptly as practicable and as part of the same overall transaction as the First Merger, the Legacy Grindr merged with and into Merger Sub II, with Merger Sub II surviving the Second Merger. Tiga was immediately renamed “Grindr Inc.” Upon the consummation of the Business Combination, all holders of 111,294,372 issued and outstanding Legacy Grindr ordinary units received shares of Grindr Common Stock at a deemed value of $10.00 per share after giving effect to the Exchange Ratio resulting in 173,524,403 shares of Grindr Common Stock issued and outstanding as of the Closing, based on the following events contemplated by the Merger Agreement:
 
the cancellation and exchange of all 111,294,372 issued and outstanding Legacy Grindr ordinary units into 156,139,170 shares of Grindr Common Stock, as adjusted by the Exchange Ratio. The shares include 6,497,591 shares of Grindr Common Stock associated with the Series P share based compensation units,
 
the conversion on a one-to-one basis of 6,840,000 of founder shares held by Tiga’s Sponsor and 60,000 founder shares held by independent directors into Domesticated Tiga Common Stock upon the Domestication, and Grindr Common Stock upon the Closing,
 
the conversion on a one-to-one basis of 485,233 issued and outstanding Tiga Class A ordinary shares into Domesticated Tiga Common Stock upon the Domestication, and Grindr Common Stock upon the Closing,
 
the capital distribution of $128.8 million to former Legacy Grindr unitholders, and
 
the cancellation and exchange of all 3,635,681 granted and outstanding vested and unvested Legacy Grindr Options into 5,100,637 Grindr Options exercisable for shares of Grindr Common Stock with the same terms and vesting conditions, each of which adjusted by the Exchange Ratio. Unvested Legacy Grindr Options did not accelerate nor vest on the consummation of the Business Combination.

Other Related Events in Connection with the Business Combination

Other related events that occurred in connection with the Business Combination are summarized below:

 
the filing and effectiveness of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and the effectiveness of our amended and restated bylaws, each of which occurred immediately prior to the Effective Time;
 
the sale and issuance of 10,000,000 shares of Grindr Common Stock to Tiga Sponsor’s assignee, San Vicente Parent LLC (“SV Parent”) (which shares were ultimately issued to Legacy Grindr in connection with the SV Consolidation, as further described below), pursuant to the Forward Purchase Agreement at $10.00 per share.
   
For each share issued under the Forward Purchase Agreement, the forward purchaser received 0.50 redeemable warrants.
   
Upon the issuance of the 10,000,000 shares of Grindr Common Stock in connection with the A&R Forward Purchase Agreement, 5,000,000 redeemable warrants were issued with the same terms and exercise prices as the existing public warrants.
 
the partial cash settlement of $12.0 million of the shareholder loan with Catapult GP II, an investor in Legacy Grindr, which occurred subsequent to the latest balance sheet date and before the closing of the Business Combination;
 
The issuance of new term loan facilities through a modification of the existing Legacy Grindr Credit Agreement in connection with the Business Combination shown below (“New Debt”).
 
A $137.0 million facility, net of $3.8 million in fees, bearing interest at the Secured Overnight Financing Rate “SOFR” + 8.0% to mature in 5 years, and an additional $29.2 million facility, net of $0.8 million in fees, bearing interest at SOFR + 4.2%, to mature in 18 months, with 25% of the principal being due within one year.

SV Consolidation:

After the San Vicente Entities (as defined below) completed their commercial, legal and tax analyses both to provide tax benefits to the San Vicente Entities and to simplify the ownership structure above Legacy Grindr in order for certain San Vicente Entities to receive Grindr shares in connection with the Business Combination, Legacy Grindr and the San Vicente Entities undertook an internal reorganization (the “SV Consolidation”) prior to the Business Combination. Prior to the consummation of the SV Consolidation, Legacy Grindr had no obligation or responsibility for the Deferred Payment. The SV Consolidation involved the following steps: prior to the Closing, San Vicente Equity JV LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“SVEJV”) was liquidated and each of San Vicente Investments, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“SV Investments”), San Vicente Offshore Holdings (Cayman) Limited, an exempted company incorporated with limited liability under the laws of the Cayman Islands (“SV Cayman”), SV Parent, San Vicente Acquisition LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“SV Acquisition”), San Vicente Group TopCo LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“SV Group TopCo”), San Vicente Group Holdings LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“SV Group Holdings”) and San Vicente Investments II, Inc. (“SV Investments II”, and collectively with SV Group Holdings, SV Group TopCo, SV Acquisition, SV Parent and SV Cayman, Offshore Holdings, the “San Vicente Entities”) merged with and into Legacy Grindr, with Legacy Grindr as the surviving entity, resulting in SV Investments and the ultimate beneficial equityholders of Catapult Goliath, which liquidated prior to the Closing, as direct equity holders in Legacy Grindr. The Company has reflected the effects of the SV Consolidation as a contribution of assets and liabilities between entities under common control in the pro forma financial information as follows:
 
In connection with the acquisition of Legacy Grindr in 2020, the San Vicente Entities as of September 30, 2022, had a cash obligation to pay $155.0 million on June 20, 2023 to Kunlun. This obligation is recorded by the San Vicente Entities at the present value of these payments due in the future (“Deferred Payment”). The Deferred Payment is recorded as a liability by SV Acquisition and in connection with the SV Consolidation was contributed to Legacy Grindr as an adjustment to equity. For further information on the Deferred Payment refer to Note 3 of Legacy Grindr’s historical audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021, incorporated herein by reference.
 
To reflect the effects of the SV Consolidation, the balance sheet presented in the Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Financial Information reflects the Deferred Payment as a liability balance, as well as other asset and liability adjustments to reflect Legacy Grindr’s assumption of the San Vicente Entities’ historical bases of net assets as though the SV Consolidation occurred on September 30, 2022. To reflect the effects of the SV Consolidation, the historical income statement periods presented in the Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Financial Information reflect the interest expense and related tax effects associated with the Deferred Payment as though the SV Consolidation occurred on January 1, 2021.
 
In connection with the Business Combination, the Company and Kunlun agreed to settle the Deferred Payment within ten business days of the Closing. The difference between the assumed carrying value of the Deferred Payment at the time of settlement on November 14, 2022 and the $155,000 obligation will be recognized in the amount of $12,250, which has been recorded as a loss on extinguishment of debt in the period it was extinguished.
 
In connection with the Business Combination, the board of managers of Legacy Grindr approved a distribution of $2.55 per unit of Series X Ordinary Units of Grindr amounting to $283,801 to Series X Ordinary Unit holders as of the close of business on November 14, 2022 (the “Distribution”). As part of the Distribution, SV Group Holdings elected to receive a partial payment of its distribution in cash and the remainder of its distribution, $155,000, in the form of a promissory note (the “Promissory Note”) on November 15, 2022. The Promissory Note, which would bear interest at 4.03% per annum beginning thirty days after issuance, is to be repaid no later than January 15, 2023 with all accrued interest. SV Group Holdings in turn issued promissory notes to its parent companies, SVEJV and SV Group TopCo, totaling $155,000. SVEJV in turn issued a promissory note for its pro rata portion to SV Group Topco, which then issued a promissory note in the amount of $155,000 to SV Acquisition, a wholly owned subsidiary of SV Parent. In addition, Catapult GP II elected to apply a portion of its distribution totaling $13,737 as a partial payment of the Note described in Note 5 of Legacy Grindr’s unaudited financial statements for each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 filed as Exhibit 99.4 to this Current Report on Form 8-K, in the amount of $12,020, which comprised $1,280 of the accrued interest and $10,740 of the principal. The approved Distribution, excluding the Promissory Note described above, was paid on various dates in November 2022.
 
Prior to Closing and in connection with SV Consolidation, but after Parent satisfied in full its funding obligations under the Forward Purchase Agreement to Tiga, SV Parent merged with and into Legacy Grindr (the “SV Merger”). In consideration for Legacy Grindr’s assumption of SV Parent’s rights to receive the securities issuable by Tiga under the Forward Purchase Agreement, Legacy Grindr issued 7,127,896 Legacy Grindr Series X Ordinary Units to SV Cayman and entered into that certain warrant agreement with SV Cayman, pursuant to which, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth therein, SV Cayman was entitled to purchase 3,563,948  Series X Ordinary Units of Grindr Group at a purchase price per share of $16.13. Such warrant and the Legacy Grindr Series X Ordinary Units were ultimately exchanged at the Closing into shares of Grindr Common Stock and a warrant to purchase shares of Grindr Common Stock in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement.

Accounting Treatment of the Business Combination

The Business Combination is accounted for as a reverse recapitalization in accordance with GAAP.

Under this method of accounting, Tiga is treated as the “acquired” company for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the financial statements of Grindr represent a continuation of the financial statements of Legacy Grindr with the Business Combination treated as the equivalent of Legacy Grindr issuing shares for the net assets of Tiga, accompanied by a recapitalization whereby no goodwill or other intangible assets are recorded. Operations prior to the Business Combination are those of Legacy Grindr in future reports of Grindr. Legacy Grindr is determined to be the accounting acquirer based on evaluation of the following facts and circumstances:
 
Legacy Grindr unitholders have a relative majority of the voting power of Grindr;
 
Legacy Grindr unitholders have the ability to nominate the majority of the members of the board of directors;
 
Legacy Grindr senior management comprises the senior management roles of Grindr and are responsible for the day-to-day operations
 
The relative size of Legacy Grindr is significantly larger compared to Tiga;
 
Grindr assumed the Legacy Grindr name; and
 
The intended strategy and operations of Grindr continue Legacy Grindr’s historical strategy and operations in the post-combination company.

The warrants outstanding and the public warrants issued under the Forward Purchase Commitment remain liability classified instruments upon the Closing.

Basis of Pro Forma Presentation

The unaudited pro forma combined financial information has been prepared in accordance with Article 11 of Regulation S-X. The adjustments in the unaudited pro forma combined financial information have been identified and presented to provide relevant information necessary for an illustrative understanding of Grindr upon consummation of the Business Combination. Assumptions and estimates underlying the unaudited pro forma adjustments set forth in the unaudited pro forma combined financial information are described in the accompanying notes.

The unaudited pro forma combined financial information has been presented for illustrative purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the operating results and financial position that would have been achieved had the Business Combination occurred on the dates indicated, and does not reflect adjustments for any anticipated synergies, operating efficiencies, tax savings or cost savings. Any cash proceeds remaining after the consummation of the Business Combination and the other related events contemplated by the Merger Agreement are expected to be used for general corporate purposes. The unaudited pro forma combined financial information does not purport to project the future operating results or financial position of Grindr following the completion of the Business Combination. The unaudited pro forma adjustments represent management’s estimates based on information available as of the date of these unaudited pro forma combined financial information and are subject to change as additional information becomes available and analyses are performed. Tiga and Legacy Grindr have not had any historical operational relationship prior to the Business Combination. Accordingly, no pro forma adjustments were required to eliminate activities between the companies.

The unaudited pro forma combined financial information contained herein reflects Tiga shareholders’ approval of the Business Combination on November 15, 2022 and the redemption of 27,114,767 public shares of Tiga’s Class A ordinary shares at approximately $10.50 per share based on trust account figures prior to the Closing on November 18, 2022 for an aggregate payment of $284.7 million in cash.

The following summarizes the pro forma Grindr Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately after the Business Combination:
 
 
 
Pro Forma Combined (7)
 
 
 
Number of
Shares
   
%
Ownership
 
Sponsor and certain affiliates(1)(2)
   
6,900,000
     
4.0
%
Public Shareholders(3)
   
485,233
     
0.2
%
Forward Purchase Investors(4)
   
10,000,000
     
5.8
%
Former Legacy Grindr unitholders(5)(6)
   
156,139,170
     
90.0
%
Total
   
173,524,403
     
100.0
%


(1)
Reflects 6,840,000 of founder shares held by Tiga’s Sponsor and 60,000 founder shares held by independent directors that converted into Domesticated Tiga Common Stock at the Domestication, then into Grindr Common Stock upon Closing.
(2)
Excludes 18,560,000 of private placement warrants as the warrants are not in the money at Closing. Excludes 1,780,000 of private placement warrants available to be issued in the event the $1.8 million related party note disclosed in Tiga’s historical financial statements is converted to warrants upon Closing. The related party note was repaid in cash in connection with the Closing as the conversion price was approximately 145% higher than the value of the warrants as of the Closing.
(3)
Excludes 13,800,000 public warrants as the warrants are not in the money at Closing.
(4)
Reflects the sale and issuance of 10,000,000 shares of Grindr Common Stock to certain investors (including the Sponsor and its Affiliates) through the A&R Forward Purchase Agreement at $10.00 per share and excludes the additional 5,000,000 redeemable warrants that were issued in connection with the 10,000,000 shares of Grindr Common Stock. On November 15, 2022, the Sponsor assigned its obligations under the Backstop Commitment and the Forward Purchase Commitment to San Vicente Parent LLC. San Vicente Parent LLC satisfied its obligations under the A&R Forward Purchase Agreement. As part of the SV Consolidation, San Vicente Parent LLC merged into Legacy Grindr and Legacy Grindr assumed the rights and all remaining obligations of San Vicente Parent LLC under the A&R Forward Purchase Agreement, and received the shares of Grindr Common Stock and redeemable warrants issuable thereunder.
(5)
Excludes 5,100,637 shares of Grindr Common Stock issued to the former Legacy Grindr unitholders for their historical option awards which were converted at the Exchange Ratio. The former Legacy Grindr unitholders figures include 6,497,591 shares of Grindr Common Stock associated with the Series P share based compensation units described in “Beneficial Ownership of Securities”.
(6)
Reflects distributions to former Legacy Grindr unitholders of $283.8 million. Grindr and Kunlun entered into an agreement to settle the Deferred Payment within ten business days of the Closing. These distributions combined with the $83.3 million distributions paid as disclosed in the Statements of Members’ Equity in Legacy Grindr’s historical unaudited financial statements make up the total distribution as referenced in the Merger Agreement of $367.1 million.
(7)
Reflects redemptions of 27,114,767 public Tiga Class A ordinary shares in connection with the transaction at approximately $10.50 per share based on trust account figures prior to the Closing on November 18, 2022.

Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Balance Sheet
As of September 30, 2022
(in thousands)

   
Tiga
(Historical)
   
Grindr
(Historical)
   
SV Consolidation
     
Transaction Accounting Adjustments
     
Pro Forma Combined
 
Assets
                                 
Current assets:
                                 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
100
   
$
27,236
   
$
-
     
$
170,800
 
(2)
 
$
3,890
 
                     
-
       
(4,137
)
(3)
       
                     
-
       
(1,780
)
(4)
       
                     
-
       
289,755
 
(5)
       
                     
-
       
(21,654
)
(6)
       
                     
-
       
100,000
 
(8)
       
                     
-
       
(128,800
)
(9)
       
                     
-
       
12,031
 
(10)
       
                     
-
       
(155,000
)
(11)
       
                     
-
       
(284,661
)
(16)
       
Accounts receivable, net of allowances
   
-
     
18,433
     
-
       
-
       
18,433
 
Prepaid expenses
   
47
     
4,336
     
-
       
-
       
4,383
 
Deferred charges
   
-
     
3,749
     
-
       
-
       
3,749
 
Other current assets
   
-
     
8,087
     
-
       
(8,086
)
(6)
   
1
 
Total current assets
   
147
     
61,841
     
-
       
(31,532
)
     
30,456
 
Restricted cash
   
-
     
1,392
     
-
       
-
       
1,392
 
Investments held in Trust Account
   
288,842
     
-
     
-
       
(288,842
)
(5)
   
-
 
Property and equipment, net
   
-
     
2,134
     
-
       
-
       
2,134
 
Capitalized software development costs, net
   
-
     
6,916
     
-
       
-
       
6,916
 
Intangible assets, net
   
-
     
113,335
     
-
       
-
       
113,335
 
Goodwill
   
-
     
258,619
     
17,084
 
(1a)
   
-
       
275,703
 
Deposits and other assets
   
-
     
761
     
-
       
-
       
761
 
Total assets
 
$
288,989
   
$
444,998
   
$
17,084
     
(320,374
)
   
$
430,697
 
                                             
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
                                           
Current liabilities:
                                           
Accounts payable
 
$
-
   
$
1,913
   
$
-
     
(792
)
(6)
 
$
1,121
 
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
   
7,761
     
10,429
     
(35
)
(1b)
   
(8,119
)
(6)
   
10,036
 
Related party payable
   
1,780
     
-
     
-
       
(1,780
)
(4)
   
-
 
Current Deferred Payment
   
-
     
-
     
140,093
 
(1c)
   
(140,093
)
(11)
   
-
 
Debt, current
   
-
     
5,040
     
-
        8,908
  (2)
   
13,948
 
Deferred revenue
   
-
     
18,732
     
-
       
-
       
18,732
 
Total current liabilities
   
9,541
     
36,114
     
140,058
       
(141,876
)
     
43,837
 
Debt, non-current
   
-
     
189,663
     
-
       
161,892
 
(2)
   
347,418
 
                     
-
       
(4,137
)
(3)
       
Deferred Payment
   
-
     
-
     
-
       
-
       
-
 
Deferred tax liabilities
   
-
     
17,317
     
3,127
 
(1b)
   
(3,127
)
(11)
   
17,317
 
Forward Purchase Agreement liability
   
8,079
     
-
     
-
       
(8,079
)
(8)
   
-
 
Warrant liability
   
22,328
     
-
     
-
       
3,450
 
(8)
   
25,778
 
Deferred underwriting fee liability
   
9,660
     
-
     
-
       
(9,660
)
(7)
   
-
 
Other non-current liabilities
   
-
     
169
     
-
       
-
       
169
 
Total liabilities
   
49,608
     
243,263
     
143,185
       
(1,537
)
     
434,519
 
Commitments and contingencies:
                                           
Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption
   
288,842
     
-
     
-
       
(4,181
)
(12)
   
-
 
                               
(284,661
)
(16)
       
Equity:
                                           
Preference shares
   
-
     
-
     
-
       
-
       
-
 
Common Stock (par value $0.0001 per share)
   
-
     
-
     
-
       
1
 
(8)
   
18
 
                     
-
       
16
 
(13)
       
                     
-
       
-
 
(12)
       
                     
-
       
1
 
(14)
       
Ordinary units
   
-
     
1
     
(1
)
(1d)
   
-
       
-
 
Class A ordinary shares
   
-
     
-
     
-
       
-
       
-
 
Class B ordinary shares
   
1
     
-
     
-
       
(1
)
(14)
   
-
 
Additional paid-in-capital
   
-
     
211,972
     
(126,100
)
(1d)
   
104,628
 
(8)
   
19,951
 
                     
-
       
(128,800
)
(9)
       
                     
-
       
(19,056
)
(6)
       
                     
-
       
(16
)
(13)
       
                     
-
       
4,181
 
(12)
       
                     
-
       
(49,462
)
(15)
       
                     
-
       
12,031
 
(10)
       
                               
9,660
 
(7)
       
                     
-
       
913
 
(5)
       
Accumulated deficit
   
(49,462
)
   
(10,238
)
   
-
       
(1,773
)
(6)
   
(23,791
)
                     
-
       
(11,780
)
(11)
       
                     
-
       
49,462
 
(15)
       
Total shareholders’ equity (deficit)
   
(49,461
)
   
201,735
     
(126,101
)
     
(29,995
)
     
(3,822
)
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity (deficit)
 
$
288,989
   
$
444,998
   
$
17,084
      $
(320,374
)
   
$
430,697
 



Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Statement of Operations
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
(in thousands, except share data)

   
Tiga
(Historical)
   
Grindr
(Historical)
   
SV Consolidation
     
Transaction Accounting Adjustments
     
Pro Forma Combined
 
Revenue
 
$
-
   
$
140,487
   
$
-
     
$
-
     
$
140,487
 
Operating cost and expense:
                                           
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below)
   
-
     
36,758
     
-
       
-
       
36,758
 
Selling, general and administrative expense
   
-
     
53,822
     
-
       
8,976
  (18)
   
62,798
 
Product development expense
   
-
     
11,981
     
-
       
-
       
11,981
 
Depreciation and amortization
   
-
     
27,215
     
-
       
-
       
27,215
 
Operating costs
   
8,976
     
-
     
-
       
(8,976
)
(18)

 
-
 
Total operating cost and expense
   
8,976
     
129,776
     
-
       
-
       
138,752
 
Income (loss) from operations
   
(8,976
)
   
10,711
     
-
       
-
       
1,735
 
Other income (expense):
                                           
Interest income (expense), net
   
-
     
(10,998
)
   
(19,155
)
(17a)

 
(13,561
)
(19)

 
(24,559
)
                     
-
       
19,155
 
(20)

     
Other (expense) income, net
   
-
     
(329
)
   
-
       
-
       
(329
)
Interest earned on investments held in Trust Account
   
1,702
     
-
     
-
       
(1,702
)
(21)

 
-
 
Fair value of private placement warrants in excess of purchase price
   
(81
)
   
-
     
-
       
-
       
(81
)
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities
   
1,733
     
-
     
-
       
100
 
(22)

 
1,833
 
Change in fair value of forward purchase agreement liabilities
   
(3,071
)
   
-
     
-
       
3,071
 
(22)

 
-
 
Total other income (expense)
   
283
     
(11,327
)
   
(19,155
)
     
7,063
       
(23,136
)
Net income (loss) before income tax
   
(8,693
)
   
(616
)
   
(19,155
)
     
7,063
       
(21,401
)
Income tax provision (benefit)
   
-
     
3,727
     
(4,919
)
(17b)

 
1,219
 
(23)

  27

Net income (loss)
 
$
(8,693
)
 
$
(4,343
)
 
$
(14,236
)
   
$
5,844
     
$
(21,428
)
                                             
Pro Forma Earnings Per Share
                                           
Basic
                                     
$
(0.12
)
Diluted
                                     
$
(0.12
)
Pro Forma Number of Shares Used in Computing EPS
                                           
Basic (#)
                                       
173,524,403
 
Diluted (#)
                                       
173,524,403
 

Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Statement of Operations
For the Year Ended December 31, 2021
(in thousands, except share data)
 
   
Tiga
(Historical)
   
Grindr
(Historical)
   
SV Consolidation
     
Transaction Accounting Adjustments
     
Pro Forma Combined
 
Revenue
 
$
-
   
$
145,833
   
$
-
     
$
-
     
$
145,833
 
Operating cost and expense:
                                           
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below)
   
-
     
37,358
     
-
       
-
       
37,358
 
Selling, general and administrative expense
   
-
     
30,618
     
-
       
1,761
  (18)
   
32,379
 
Product development expense
   
-
     
10,913
     
-
       
-
       
10,913
 
Depreciation and amortization
   
-
     
43,234
     
-
       
-
       
43,234
 
Operating costs
   
1,761
     
-
     
-
       
(1,761
)
(18)
   
-
 
Total operating cost and expense
   
1,761
     
122,123
     
-
       
-
       
123,884
 
Income (loss) from operations
   
(1,761
)
   
23,710
               
-
       
21,949
 
Other income (expense):
                                           
Interest income (expense), net
   
-
     
(18,698
)
   
(26,597
)
(17a)
   
(19,981
)
(19)
   
(38,679
)
                     
-
       
26,597
 
(20)
       
Other (expense) income, net
   
-
     
1,288
     
-
       
(11,780
)
(24)
   
(12,265
)
                     
-
       
(1,773
)
(25)
       
Interest earned on investments held in Trust Account
   
85
     
-
     
-
       
(85
)
(21)
   
-
 
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities
   
23,121
     
-
     
-
       
4,553
 
(22)
   
27,674
 
Change in fair value of forward purchase agreement liabilities
   
1,750
     
-
     
-
       
(1,750
)
(22)
   
-
 
Total other income (expense)
   
24,956
     
(17,410
)
   
(26,597
)
     
(4,219
)
     
(23,270
)
Net income (loss) before income tax
   
23,195
     
6,300
     
(26,597
)
     
(4,219
)
     
(1,321
)
Income tax provision (benefit)
   
-
     
1,236
     
(5,985
)
(17b)
   
(6,572
)
(23)
   
(11,321
)
Net income (loss)
 
$
23,195
   
$
5,064
   
$
(20,612
)
   
$
2,353
     
$
10,000
 
                                             
Pro Forma Earnings Per Share
                                           
Basic
                                     
$
0.06
 
Diluted
                                     
$
0.06
 
Pro Forma Number of Shares Used in Computing EPS
                                           
Basic (#)
                                       
173,524,403
 
Diluted (#)
                                       
173,580,739
 

NOTES TO UNAUDITED PRO FORMA COMBINED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

1. Basis of Presentation

The Business Combination was accounted for as a reverse recapitalization in accordance with GAAP. Under this method of accounting, Tiga was treated as the “acquired” company for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the financial statements of Grindr represent a continuation of the financial statements of Legacy Grindr with the Business Combination treated as the equivalent of Legacy Grindr issuing shares for the net assets of Tiga, accompanied by a recapitalization. The net assets of Tiga are stated at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded. Operations prior to the Business Combination are presented as those of Legacy Grindr in future reports of Grindr.

The unaudited pro forma combined balance sheet as of September 30, 2022 gives pro forma effect to the Business Combination and the other events as if consummated on September 30, 2022. The unaudited pro forma combined statement of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and for the year ended December 31, 2021 gives pro forma effect to the Business Combination and the other events as if consummated on January 1, 2021, the beginning of the earliest period presented.

The unaudited pro forma combined financial information was derived from and should be read in conjunction with the following historical financial statements and the accompanying notes, which are included in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus or this Current Report on Form 8-K:
 
the historical unaudited financial statements of Tiga as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and the historical audited financial statements of Tiga as of and for the year ended December 31, 2021;
 
the historical unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Legacy Grindr as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and the historical audited consolidated financial statements of Legacy Grindr as of and for the year ended December 31, 2021; and
 
other information relating to Tiga and Legacy Grindr included in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus and this Current Report on Form 8-K, including the Merger Agreement.

The unaudited pro forma combined financial information should also be read together with the sections entitled “Tiga’s Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” “Grindr’s Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and other financial information included in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus and this Current Report on Form 8-K.

Management has made significant estimates and assumptions in its determination of the pro forma adjustments based on information available as of the date of this Current Report on Form 8-K. As the unaudited pro forma combined financial information has been prepared based on these preliminary estimates, the final amounts recorded may differ materially from the information presented as additional information becomes available. As noted in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus section entitled “Summary of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus—Recent Developments”, pursuant to the CS Fee Waiver Letter, Credit Suisse has expressly waived all deferred underwriting commissions owed to them pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement. Credit Suisse has performed all their obligations under the Underwriting Agreement to obtain their fee and is therefore gratuitously waiving their right to be compensated. Such a resignation and, to the extent enforceable, fee waiver for services already rendered is unusual. As a result of the Fee Waivers, the transaction fees payable by Tiga and Legacy Grindr were reduced by an amount equal to the deferred underwriting commission attributable to Credit Suisse as reflected in the Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Financial Information. Management considers this basis of presentation to be reasonable under the circumstances.

One-time direct and incremental transaction costs incurred prior to, or concurrent with, the Closing are reflected in the unaudited pro forma combined balance sheet as a direct reduction to Grindr’s additional paid-in capital and are assumed to be cash settled. One-time direct and incremental transaction costs incurred in connection with the Business Combination allocated to the liability classified warrants are recorded as a charge to accumulated deficit. None of Legacy Grindr’s stock awards or the Series P Units accelerated as a result of the Business Combination due to the May 2022 modification as discussed in Note 10 of Legacy Grindr’s historical financial statements as of September 30, 2022.

Management has not identified any material differences in accounting policies that would require adjustments in the pro forma financial information. Certain reclassifications have been reflected to conform financial statement presentation as described in the notes the pro forma financial statements below.

2. Adjustments to Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Financial Information

Adjustments to Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Balance Sheet

The adjustments included in the unaudited pro forma combined balance sheet as of September 30, 2022 are as follows:
 
1.
Reflects the contribution of the San Vicente Entities from the SV Consolidation as a contribution of assets and liabilities between entities under common control. This transfer of assets between entities under common control does not result in a change in reporting entity requiring retrospective restatement of the historical financial statements. The Company considered the following factors in making this determination: the San Vicente Entities are considered non-substantive holding companies, the Legacy Grindr management structure will remain in place subsequent to the SV Consolidation, and the discussion of the business in this Registration Statement centers around Legacy Grindr, not the San Vicente Entities. The contribution of these balances is at historical cost assuming the SV Consolidation occurred on September 30, 2022. The table below reflects major balance sheet line items of both the San Vicente Entities and Legacy Grindr and excludes line items where there is no difference between the historical balances. The adjustments and their explanations are as follows:
 
   
San Vicente
Offshore Holdings
(Cayman) Limited
and Subsidiaries
(Historical)
   
Grindr
(Historical)
   
SV Consolidation
Adjustments
     
Reorganized
Grindr
 
Assets
                         
Current assets:
                         
Total current assets
   
61,841
     
61,841
     
       
61,841
 
Goodwill
   
275,703
     
258,619
     
17,084
 
(1a)
   
275,703
 
Total assets
 
$
462,082
   
$
444,998
   
$
17,084
     
$
462,082
 
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
                                 
Current liabilities:
                                 
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
   
10,394
     
10,429
     
(35
)
(1b)
   
10,394
 
Current Deferred Payment
   
140,093
     
     
140,093
 
(1c)
   
140,093
 
Total current liabilities
   
176,172
     
36,114
     
140,058
       
176,172
 
Deferred tax liabilities
   
20,444
     
17,317
     
3,127
 
(1b)
   
20,444
 
Total liabilities
   
386,448
     
243,263
     
143,185
       
386,448
 
Equity:
                                 
Ordinary units
   
     
1
     
(1
)
(1d)
   
 
Additional paid-in-capital
   
119,739
     
211,972
     
(92,233
)
(1d)
   
119,739
 
Accumulated deficit
   
(54,373
)
   
(10,238
)
   
(44,135
)
(1d)
   
(54,373
)
Equity attributable to noncontrolling interest
   
10,268
     
     
10,268
 
(1d)
   
 
Total shareholders’ equity (deficit)
   
75,634
     
201,735
     
(126,101
)
     
65,366
 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity (deficit)
 
$
462,082
   
$
444,998
   
$
17,084
     
$
462,082
 

 
1a.
Reflects the assumption of the historical goodwill balance from SV Acquisition’s acquisition of Legacy Grindr. The difference in goodwill is related to tax basis differences associated with the Deferred Payment at the San Vicente Entities.

1b.
Reflects the assumption of additional historical accrued expenses and other current liabilities and deferred tax liabilities of the San Vicente Entities related to the interest expense deductibility of the Deferred Payment.
 
1c.
Reflects the assumption of a liability for the Deferred Payment of $140.1 million, which represents the present value of the Deferred Payment, calculated by discounting the current $155.0 million balance due in June 2023 by 15.7%.

1d.
Reflects the assumption of the net assets of the San Vicente Entities as an adjustment to additional paid-in-capital. Also reflects the elimination of the noncontrolling interest in Legacy Grindr at the San Vicente Entities level, as subsequent to the SV Consolidation, the San Vicente Entities will merge into Legacy Grindr. Legacy Grindr will continue to own 100% of its consolidated subsidiaries.
2.
Reflects gross proceeds of $170.8 million from the issuance of the New Debt.

3.
Reflects the recognition of $4.1 million of deferred financing costs associated with the issuance of the New Debt.
4.
Reflects the cash disbursement for the $1.8 million repayment on the related party note, which was used to pay for transaction costs incurred by Tiga.
5.
Reflects the liquidation and reclassification of $288.8 million of investments held in the trust account to cash and cash equivalents that becomes available for funding redemptions and general corporate use by Grindr. Also reflects the recognition of $0.9 million of additional investments held in the trust account at Closing compared to the balance as of September 30, 2022 in cash and cash equivalents, with an increase to additional paid in capital for the incremental investments held in the trust account at Closing.
6.
Reflects the cash disbursement for the direct and incremental transaction costs of $21.7 million, including $18.0 million and $3.7 million paid by Tiga and Legacy Grindr, respectively in connection with the Business Combination prior to, or concurrent with the Closing.
Tiga’s transaction costs includes a $5.0 million success fee payable to Raine on the successful close of the Business Combination.
A portion of Legacy Grindr’s transaction costs are reflected as an increase of $1.8 million to the accumulated deficit due to $1.4 million of transaction costs allocated to the liability classified warrants and $0.4 million of third party debt costs incurred as discussed in (25). This adjustment reflects the reclassification of deferred issuance costs of Legacy Grindr that were paid or accrued and recorded in ‘Other current assets’ in Legacy Grindr’s historical financial statements as of September 30, 2022.
The cash disbursements above eliminate $7.8 million and $0.4 million of the transaction costs accrued in ‘Accrued expenses and other current liabilities’ for Tiga and Legacy Grindr, respectively as well as the elimination of $0.8 million of ‘Accounts payable’ in Legacy Grindr’s historical financial statements as of September 30, 2022.
7.
Reflects the forfeiture of $9.7 million of deferred underwriting fees incurred during Tiga’s initial public offering and due upon the Closing as discussed in the section “Summary of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus—Recent Development” within the Proxy Statement/Prospectus.
8.
Reflects the sale and issuance of 10,000,000 shares of Grindr Common Stock to certain investors (including the Sponsor and its Affiliates) through the Forward Purchase Commitment and the Backstop Commitment at $10.00 per share. This adjustment also reflects the elimination of the Forward Purchase Liability and establishment of additional Warrant Liabilities. Upon exercise of the Forward Purchase Commitment and the Backstop Commitment an additional 5,000,000 public warrants are outstanding.
9.
Reflects the cash distributed to former owners of Legacy Grindr through a capital distribution declared prior to the closing of the Transaction and paid at Closing of $128.8 million.
10.
Subsequent to the latest balance sheet date, in connection with the Transaction, prior to Closing, the Company received $12.0 million in cash from Catapult GP II to partially settle the shareholder loan which is reflected as an increase to cash of $12.0 million and an increase to additional paid-in-capital.
11.
Reflects the $155.0 million cash payment to former unitholders of Legacy Grindr to extinguish the remaining Deferred Payment discussed in (1c), in connection with Closing. The extinguishment of the remaining Deferred Payment results in an estimated loss on extinguishment of $14.9 million reflecting the difference between the carrying value at September 30, 2022 and the settlement value of $155.0 million. Also reflects the reversal of $3.1 million of deferred tax liabilities related to the future interest expense that was to be recognized on the Deferred Payment interest accretion in (1b).
12.
Reflects the reclassification of Tiga’s Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption into permanent equity and immediate conversion of 27,600,000 shares of Tiga’s Class A ordinary shares into shares of Domesticated Tiga Common Stock at Domestication, then Grindr Common Stock upon Closing, on a one-to-one basis in connection with the Business Combination.
13.
Represents the issuance of 156,139,170 shares of Grindr Common Stock to holders of Legacy Grindr ordinary units at the Closing pursuant to the Merger Agreement to effect the reverse recapitalization.
14.
Reflects the conversion of all 6,900,000 shares of Tiga’s Class B ordinary shares into shares of Domesticated Tiga Common Stock at Domestication, then Grindr Common Stock upon Closing, on a one-to-one basis in connection with the Business Combination.
15.
Reflects the elimination of Tiga’s historical accumulated deficit with a corresponding adjustment to Additional paid-in-capital for Grindr in connection with the reverse recapitalization at the Closing.
16.
Reflects the cash disbursed to redeem 27,114,767 public shares of Tiga’s Class A ordinary shares, which converted into Domesticated Tiga Common Stock at Domestication, then Grindr Common Stock upon Closing, in connection with the Business Combination at a redemption price of approximately $10.50 per share based on funds held in the trust account.

Adjustments to Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Statements of Operations

The adjustments included in the unaudited pro forma combined statement of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and year ended December 31, 2021 are as follows:

17.
Reflects the contribution of the San Vicente Entities from the SV Consolidation as a contribution of assets and liabilities between entities under common control assuming the SV Consolidation occurred on January 1, 2021. The table below reflects major income statement line items of both the San Vicente Entities and Legacy Grindr and excludes line items where there is no difference between the historical balances. The adjustments and their explanations are as follows:

For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022:
 
 
 
San Vicente
Offshore Holdings
(Cayman) Limited
and Subsidiaries
(Historical)
   
Grindr
(Historical)
   
SV
Consolidation
Adjustments
     
Reorganized
Grindr
 
Revenue
 
$
140,487
   
$
140,487
   
$
     
$
140,487
 
Operating cost and expense:
                                 
Total operating cost and expense
   
129,776
     
129,776
     
       
129,776
 
Income (loss) from operations
   
10,711
     
10,711
     
       
10,711
 
Other income (expense):
                                 
Interest income (expense), net
   
(30,153
)
   
(10,998
)
   
(19,155
)
(17a)
   
(30,153
)
Total other income (expense)
   
(30,482
)
   
(11,327
)
   
(19,155
)
     
(30,482
)
Net income (loss) before income tax
   
(19,771
)
   
(616
)
   
(19,155
)
     
(19,771
)
Income tax provision (benefit)
   
(1,192
)
   
3,727
     
(4,919
)
(17b)
   
(1,192
)
Net income (loss)
   
(18,579
)
   
(4,343
)
   
(14,236
)
     
(18,579
)
Less: Income/(loss) attributable to non-controlling interest
   
(434
)
   
     
(434
)
(17c)
 
$
 
Net income (loss) attributable to controlling interest
 
$
(18,145
)
 
$
(4,343
)
 
$
(13,802
)
   
$
(18,579
)

For the Year Ended December 31, 2021:
 
 
 
San Vicente
Offshore Holdings
(Cayman) Limited
and Subsidiaries
(Historical)
   
Grindr
(Historical)
   
SV
Consolidation
Adjustments
     
Reorganized
Grindr
 
Revenue
 
$
145,833
   
$
145,833
   
$
     
$
145,833
 
Operating cost and expense:
                                 
Total operating cost and expense
   
122,123
     
122,123
     
       
122,123
 
Income (loss) from operations
   
23,710
     
23,710
               
23,710
 
Other income (expense):
                                 
Interest income (expense), net
   
(45,295
)
   
(18,698
)
   
(26,597
)
(17a)
   
(45,295
)
Total other income (expense)
   
(44,007
)
   
(17,410
)
   
(26,597
)
     
(44,007
)
Net income (loss) before income tax
   
(20,297
)
   
6,300
     
(26,597
)
     
(20,297
)
Income tax provision (benefit)
   
(4,749
)
   
1,236
     
(5,985
)
(17b)
   
(4,749
)
Net income (loss)
 
$
(15,548
)
 
$
5,064
   
$
(20,612
)
   
$
(15,548
)
Less: Income/(loss) attributable to non-controlling interest
   
496
     
     
496
 
(17c)
   
 
Net income (loss) attributable to controlling interest
 
$
(16,044
)
 
$
5,064
   
$
(21,108
)
   
$
(15,548
)

 
17a.
Reflects the interest expense accretion related to the Deferred Payment discussed in adjustment (1d) as though it were outstanding since January 1, 2021 using an interest rate of 15.7%. A 0.125% change in the estimated interest rate on the Deferred Payment would result in a change in the total interest expense over the life of the obligation of approximately $0.4 million.
 
17b.
Reflects the tax impact of the interest expense recognized in (17a) above, as though the SV Consolidation occurred on January 1, 2021.
 
17c.
This difference is not reflected in the pro forma financial information, it reflects the elimination of the income attributable to non-controlling interest in Legacy Grindr at the San Vicente Entities level, as subsequent to the SV Consolidation, the San Vicente Entities merged into Legacy Grindr. Legacy Grindr continues to own 100% of its consolidated subsidiaries.
18.
Represents reclassifications to conform Tiga’s financial information to financial statement line items and presentation of Grindr based on Legacy Grindr’s financial statement presentation.
19.
Reflects the recognition of an estimated $13.6 million of pro forma interest expense related to the New Debt for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, and an estimated $20.0 million of pro forma interest expense related to the New Debt for the year ended December 31, 2021.
The New Debt consists of a $137.0 million facility, net of $3.8 million in fees, maturing in 5 years and an additional $29.2 million facility, net of $0.8 million in fees, maturing in 18 months, with 25% of the principal being due within one year.

The $137.0 million facility bears interest at SOFR + 8.0%. The interest margin may range between 7.0% and 8.0% based on the consolidated total leverage ratio. The $29.2 million facility bears interest at SOFR + 4.2%. The interest margin may range between 2.8% and 4.2% based on the consolidated total leverage ratio.

The SOFR rate 3.8% as of November 15, 2022 was used for the calculation of pro forma interest expense. A 0.125% change in the estimated interest rate on the New Debt, which has a variable interest rate, would result in a change in interest expense of approximately $0.1 million and $0.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and year ended December 31, 2021, respectively.
20.
In connection with the extinguishment of the Deferred Payment discussed in adjustment (11), the interest expense of $19.1 million and $26.6 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and year ended December 31, 2021, respectively, attributed to the Deferred Payment is eliminated.
21.
Reflects the elimination of investment income related to investments held in the trust account.
22.
Reflects the elimination of the change in fair value of the Forward Purchase Liability and the change in fair value of the additional 5.0 million public warrants outstanding as a result of the exercise of the Forward Purchase Commitment and Backstop Commitment discussed in (8) as though the public warrants were outstanding for the entire period.
23.
To reflect the income tax effect of all pro forma income statement adjustments as follows:
 
 
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
     
 
Reversal of pro forma tax effect of 17(b) due to the repayment of the Deferred Payment
 
$
4,919
 
 
Pro forma effect of all other pro forma adjustments based on 30.6% blended federal and state statutory rates
 
$
(3,700
)
 
Pro forma adjustment to income tax provision/(benefit):
 
$
1,219
 
 
 
For the Year Ended December 31, 2021
     
 
Reversal of pro forma tax effect of 17(b) due to the repayment of the Deferred Payment
 
$
5,985
 
 
Income tax benefit from the reversal of the SV deferred tax liability
 
$
(3,127
)
 
Pro forma effect of all other pro forma adjustments based on 30.6% blended federal and state statutory rates
 
$
(9,430
)
 
Pro forma adjustment to income tax provision/(benefit):
 
$
(6,572
)

24.
Reflects the loss on extinguishment of the Deferred Payment discussed in (11) above reflecting the difference in the present value and the settlement value.
25.
Reflects the recognition of $1.4 million of direct and incremental transaction costs allocated to the liability classified warrants. Also reflects $0.4 million of third party debt costs incurred.

3. Earnings per Share

The pro forma earnings per share calculation represents the net income (loss) per share calculated using the pro forma basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding of Grindr Common Stock as a result of the pro forma adjustments as if the Business Combination had occurred on January 1, 2021. The calculation of weighted average shares outstanding for pro forma basic and diluted net income per share reflects (i) the historical Legacy Grindr units, as adjusted by the Exchange Ratio, outstanding as of the respective original issuance date and (ii) assumes that the new shares issuable relating to the Other Related Events and SV Consolidation, as adjusted by the Exchange Ratio (where applicable), and the Business Combination have been outstanding as of January 1, 2021, the beginning of the earliest period presented. For potentially dilutive securities related to Legacy Grindr’s historical unit based compensation, the Exchange Ratio has been applied. This calculation is retroactively adjusted to eliminate the number of shares redeemed in the Business Combination for the entire period presented.

The unaudited pro forma combined per share information has been presented as follows:

(in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
 
Numerator:
     
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders - basic and diluted
 
$
(21,428
)
Denominator:
       
Sponsor and certain affiliates
   
6,900,000
 
Public Shareholders
   
485,233
 
Forward Purchase Investors
   
10,000,000
 
Former Grindr unitholders
   
156,139,170
 
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic
   
173,524,403
 
Dilutive effect of Grindr stock based compensation
   
 
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted
   
173,524,403
 
 
       
Net income (loss) per share attributable to common shareholders - basic
 
$
(0.12
)
Net income (loss) per share attributable to common shareholders - diluted
 
$
(0.12
)

Following the Closing, the following outstanding shares of Common Stock equivalents were excluded from the computation of pro forma diluted net income (loss) per share for the period presented because including them would have had an anti-dilutive effect:

 
 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
 
Private placement warrants
   
18,560,000
 
Public warrants
   
13,800,000
 
Forward purchase warrants
   
5,000,000
 
Stock based compensation
   
2,287,107
 

(in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
Year Ended December 31, 2021
 
Numerator: 
     
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders - basic and diluted
 
$
10,000
 
Denominator: 
       
Sponsor and certain affiliates
   
6,900,000
 
Public Shareholders
   
485,233
 
Forward Purchase Investors
   
10,000,000
 
Former Grindr unitholders
   
156,139,170
 
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic
   
173,524,403
 
Dilutive effect of Grindr stock based compensation
   
56,336
 
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted
   
173,580,739
 
 
       
Net income (loss) per share attributable to common shareholders - basic
 
$​0.06
 
Net income (loss) per share attributable to common shareholders - diluted
 
$​0.06
 

Following the Closing, the following outstanding shares of Common Stock equivalents were excluded from the computation of pro forma diluted net income (loss) per share for the period presented because including them would have had an anti-dilutive effect:
 
 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2021
 
Private placement warrants
   
18,560,000
 
Public warrants
   
13,800,000
 
Forward purchase warrants
   
5,000,000
 
Stock based compensation
   
1,761,810
 



Exhibit 99.4

PART I–FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

Grindr Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

Grindr Group LLC and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited) 

(in thousands, except unit data)

 

    September 30,     December 31,  
    2022     2021  
Assets                
Current Assets                
Cash and cash equivalents   $ 27,236     $ 15,778  
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $80 and $53 at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively     18,433       17,885  
Prepaid expenses     4,336       2,330  
Deferred charges     3,749       4,611  
Other current assets     8,087       3,308  
Total current assets     61,841       43,912  
Restricted cash     1,392       1,392  
Property and equipment, net     2,134       2,374  
Capitalized software development costs, net     6,916       3,637  
Intangible assets, net     113,335       139,708  
Goodwill     258,619       258,619  
Other assets     761       84  
Total assets   $ 444,998     $ 449,726  
Liabilities and Members’ Equity                
Current liabilities                
Accounts payable   $ 1,913     $ 2,437  
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities     10,429       3,539  
Current maturities of long-term debt, net     5,040       3,840  
Deferred revenue     18,732       20,077  
Total current liabilities     36,114       29,893  
Long-term debt, net     189,663       133,279  
Deferred income taxes     17,317       20,912  
Other non-current liabilities     169       2,405  
Total liabilities     243,263       186,489  
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 8)                
Members’ Equity                
Preferred units, par value $0.00001, unlimited units authorized, no units issued and outstanding at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021            
Ordinary units, par value $0.00001; unlimited units authorized; 111,107,688 and 110,867,483 issued and outstanding at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively     1       1  
Additional paid-in capital     211,972       269,131  
Accumulated deficit     (10,238 )     (5,895 )
Total members’ equity     201,735       263,237  
Total liabilities and members’ equity   $ 444,998     $ 449,726  

 

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

 

Grindr Group LLC and Subsidiaries 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive (Loss) Income (unaudited) 

(in thousands, except per unit data)

 

    Three Months Ended
September 30,
    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
    2022     2021     2022     2021  
Revenue   $ 50,402     $ 38,249     $ 140,487     $ 100,812  
Operating costs and expenses                                
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below)     12,955       9,621       36,758       25,723  
Selling, general and administrative expense     20,331       8,335       53,822       21,798  
Product development expense     4,159       2,841       11,981       7,422  
Depreciation and amortization     9,097       10,708       27,215       32,534  
Total operating costs and expenses     46,542       31,505       129,776       87,477  
Income from operations     3,860       6,744       10,711       13,335  
Other expense                                
Interest expense, net     (4,786 )     (4,300 )     (10,998 )     (14,863 )
Other expense, net     (263 )     (89 )     (329 )     (119 )
Total other expense     (5,049 )     (4,389 )     (11,327 )     (14,982 )
Net (loss) income before income tax     (1,189 )     2,355       (616 )     (1,647 )
Income tax provision (benefit)     3,474       461       3,727       (214 )
Net (loss) income and comprehensive (loss) income   $ (4,663 )   $ 1,894     $ (4,343 )   $ (1,433 )
Net (loss) income per unit:                                
Basic   $ (0.04 )   $ 0.02     $ (0.04 )   $ (0.01 )
Diluted   $ (0.04 )   $ 0.02     $ (0.04 )   $ (0.01 )
Weighted-average units of ordinary units outstanding:                                
Basic     111,098,038       110,611,462       110,984,923       108,293,197  
Diluted     111,098,038       110,626,218       110,984,923       108,293,197  

 

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

2

Grindr Group LLC and Subsidiaries 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Members’ Equity for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 (unaudited) 

(in thousands, except per unit amounts and unit data)

 

    Series Y Preferred Units     Series X Ordinary Units     Additional          
 
    (Par value $0.00001)     (Par value $0.00001)     paid-in     Accumulated     Total members’  
    Shares     Amount     Shares     Amount     capital     deficit     equity  
Balance at December 31, 2021         $       110,867,483     $ 1     $ 269,131     $ (5,895 )   $ 263,237  
Net income                                   4,629       4,629  
Interest on the promissory note to a member                             (741 )           (741 )
Contribution from member - related party unit-based compensation                             349             349  
Unit-based compensation expense                             414             414  
Exercise of stock options                 26,384             119             119  
Balance at March 31, 2022                 110,893,867       1       269,272       (1,266 )     268,007  
Net loss                                   (4,309 )     (4,309 )
Member distributions                             (83,313 )           (83,313 )
Interest on the promissory note to a member                             (746 )           (746 )
Repayment of promissory note to a member                             427             427  
Payment of interest on promissory note to member                             3,362             3,362  
Contribution from member - related party unit-based compensation                             12,598             12,598  
Unit-based compensation expense                             360             360  
Exercise of stock options                 193,678             906             906  
Balance at June 30, 2022                 111,087,545       1       202,866       (5,575 )     197,292  
Net loss                                   (4,663 )     (4,663 )
Interest on the promissory note to a member                             (745 )           (745 )
Contribution from member - related party unit-based compensation                             9,097             9,097  
Unit-based compensation expense                             643             643  
Exercise of stock options                 20,143             111             111  
Balance at September 30, 2022         $       111,107,688     $ 1     $ 211,972     $ (10,238 )   $ 201,735  

 

3

  

Grindr Group LLC and Subsidiaries 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Members’ Equity for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 (unaudited) 

(in thousands, except per unit amounts and unit data)

 

    Series Y Preferred Units     Series X Ordinary Units     Additional          
 
    (Par value $0.00001)     (Par value $0.00001)     paid-in     Accumulated     Total members’  
    Shares     Amount     Shares     Amount     capital     deficit     equity  
Balance at December 31, 2020         $       105,180,224     $ 1     $ 267,216     $ (10,959 )   $ 256,258  
Net loss                                   (5,121 )     (5,121 )
Contribution from member - related party unit-based compensation                             268             268  
Unit-based compensation expense                             266             266  
Balance at March 31, 2021                 105,180,224       1       267,750       (16,080 )     251,671  
Net income                                   1,794       1,794  
Issuance of units                 5,387,194             30,000             30,000  
Promissory note to a member                             (30,000 )           (30,000 )
Interest on promissory note to a member                             (526 )           (526 )
Contribution from member - related party unit-based compensation                             352             352  
Unit-based compensation expense                             302             302  
Balance at June 30, 2021                 110,567,418       1       267,878       (14,286 )     253,593  
Net income                                   1,894       1,894  
Interest on promissory note to a member                             (756 )           (756 )
Contribution from member - related party unit-based compensation                             356             356  
Unit-based compensation expense                             340             340  
Exercise of stock options                 130,918             589             589  
Balance at September 30, 2021         $       110,698,336     $ 1       268,407     $ (12,392 )   $ 256,016  

  

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

4

Grindr Group LLC and Subsidiaries 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) 

(in thousands)

 

    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
    2022     2021  
Operating activities                
Net loss   $ (4,343 )   $ (1,433 )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:                
Unit-based compensation     23,353       1,806  
Accretion of premium on debt           1,118  
Amortization of debt issuance costs     759       897  
Interest income on promissory note from member     (2,232 )     (1,282 )
Depreciation and amortization     27,215       32,534  
Provision for doubtful accounts     27        
Deferred income taxes     (3,595 )     (3,855 )
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:                
Accounts receivable     (575 )     (3,622 )
Prepaid expenses and deferred charges     (1,144 )     (1,602 )
Other current assets     (4,779 )     (4,268 )
Other assets     (677 )     53  
Accounts payable     (524 )     1,122  
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities     4,654       (7,185 )
Deferred revenue     (1,345 )     5,364  
Due to related party           10  
Other liabilities           (805 )
Net cash provided by operating activities   $ 36,794     $ 18,852  
Investing activities                
Purchase of property and equipment   $ (339 )   $ (156 )
Additions to capitalized software     (3,434 )     (2,184 )
Net cash used in investing activities   $ (3,773 )   $ (2,340 )
Financing activities                
Proceeds from exercise of stock options   $ 1,136     $ 589  
Distributions paid     (79,524 )      
Proceeds from issuance of debt     60,000        
Payment of debt     (2,220 )     (2,880 )
Payment of debt issuance costs     (955 )     (960 )
Net cash used in financing activities   $ (21,563 )   $ (3,251 )
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash     11,458       13,261  
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of the period     17,170       42,786  
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of the period   $ 28,628     $ 56,047  
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash                
Cash and cash equivalents   $ 27,236     $ 54,655  
Restricted cash     1,392       1,392  
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash   $ 28,628     $ 56,047  
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:                
Cash interest paid   $ 12,159     $ 13,752  
Income taxes paid   $ 2,207     $ 8,775  
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash financing activities:                
Repayment of principal and interest on the promissory note to a member from distributions   $ 3,789     $  
Member distributions   $ (3,789 )   $  
Deferred transaction costs not yet paid   $ 1,168     $  

 

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

5

 

Grindr Group LLC and Subsidiaries 

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) 

(in thousands, except per unit amounts and unit data)

 

1. Nature of Business


Grindr Group LLC and Subsidiaries (the “Company”) is headquartered in Los Angeles, California and manages and operates the Grindr app, a global LGBTQ+ social network platform serving and addressing the needs of the entire LGBTQ+ queer community. The Grindr app is available through Apple’s App Store for iPhones and Google Play for Android. The Company offers both a free, ad-supported service and a premium subscription version. The Company also manages a dating service app called Blendr, for a broader market.

 

The Company is a wholly owned subsidiary of San Vicente Group Holdings LLC (“Group Holdings”), which is the joint subsidiary of San Vicente Group TopCo LLC (“SVG”), a wholly owned subsidiary of San Vicente Acquisition LLC (“SVA”), and San Vicente Equity Joint Venture LLC (“SVE”), a related party and subsidiary of SVA.

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

 

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, (“SEC”), regarding interim financial reporting. Certain information and disclosures normally included in the condensed consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and accompanying notes for the year ended December 31, 2021. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited and have been prepared on a basis consistent with that used to prepare the audited annual consolidated financial statements and include, in the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal and recurring items, necessary for the fair statement of the condensed consolidated financial statements. The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, and its wholly owned subsidiaries after elimination of intercompany transactions and balances. The operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full year ending December 31, 2022.

 

Accounting Estimates

 

Management of the Company is required to make certain estimates, judgments, and assumptions during the preparation of its condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP. These estimates, judgments, and assumptions impact the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, and expenses, and the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ from these estimates. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates and judgments including those related to: the useful lives and recoverability of property and equipment and definite-lived intangible assets; the recoverability of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets; the carrying value of accounts receivable, including the determination of the allowance for doubtful accounts; valuation allowance; uncertain tax positions; legal contingencies; and the valuation of stock-based compensation, among others.

 

Impact of COVID-19

 

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic. The COVID-19 outbreak has reached across the globe, resulting in the implementation of significant governmental measures, including lockdowns, closures, quarantines, and travel bans intended to control the spread of the virus.

 

While restrictions have been lessened and lifted, restrictions could be increased or reinstated in the future. Although an adverse impact on the Company’s ongoing operations is unlikely, the full magnitude the pandemic will have on the Company remains uncertain and will depend on the duration of the pandemic, as well as the effectiveness of mass vaccinations and the impact of future variants of the virus. Additionally, changes to estimates related to ongoing COVID-19 disruptions could result in other impacts, including, but not limited to, goodwill, indefinite-lived intangibles, and long-lived asset impairment charges.

 

6

 

Segment Information

 

The Company operates in one segment. The Company’s operating segments are identified according to how the performance of its business is managed and evaluated by its chief operating decision maker, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”). Substantially all of the Company’s long-lived assets are attributed to operations in the U.S.

 

Fair Value Measurements

 

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The fair value hierarchy is based on three levels of inputs, of which the first two are considered observable and the last is considered unobservable:

 

Level 1 - Observable inputs obtained from independent sources, such as quoted market prices for identical assets and liabilities in active markets.
   
Level 2 - Other inputs, which are observable directly or indirectly, such as quoted market prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted market prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data.
   
Level 3 - Unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data and require the Company to develop its own assumptions, based on the best information available in the circumstances, about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the assets or liabilities.

 

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

 

Money market funds are measured and recorded at fair value on the Company’s balance sheets on a recurring basis. The following tables present money market funds and their level within the fair value hierarchy as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021:

 

    Total     Level 1     Level 2     Level 3  
September 30, 2022:                                
Money market funds   $ 25,062     $ 25,062     $     $  

 

    Total     Level 1     Level 2     Level 3  
December 31, 2021:                                
Money market funds   $ 9,648     $ 9,648     $     $  

 

The Company’s remaining financial instruments that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis consist primarily of cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other current liabilities. The Company believes their carrying values are representative of their fair values due to their short-term maturities. The fair values of the Company’s Credit Agreement balances were measured by comparing their prepayment values and observable market data consisting of interest rates based on similar credit ratings, which the Company classifies as a Level 2 input within the fair value hierarchy. The Company does not have any recurring fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

 

Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements

 

Assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations are initially measured at fair value on the acquisition date on a nonrecurring basis using Level 3 inputs.

 

The Company is required to measure certain assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis after initial recognition. These include goodwill, intangible assets, and long-lived assets, which are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as a result of impairment reviews and any resulting impairment charge. Impairment is assessed annually in the fourth quarter or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the reporting unit or assets below the carrying value, as described below. The fair value of the reporting unit or asset groups is determined primarily using cost and market approaches (Level 3).

 

7

 

Deferred transaction costs

 

Deferred transaction costs consist of direct legal, accounting and other fees relating to the Company’s anticipated merger with a special purpose acquisition company (the “Merger”). These costs are capitalized as incurred in other current assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets and will be expensed or charged to members’ equity upon the completion of the Merger. In the event the Merger is terminated, deferred transaction costs will be expensed in that period. Deferred transaction costs as of September 30, 2022 were $8,086. There were no deferred transaction costs as of December 31, 2021.

 

Modification of equity classified award

 

On the modification date, the Company determines the type of modification of the equity award by assessing whether the equity awards are probable or improbable to vest before and after the modification. The Company estimates the fair value of the awards immediately before and immediately after modification for those equity awards that are probable of vesting before and after the modification. Any incremental increase in fair value is recognized as an expense immediately to the extent the underlying equity awards are vested and on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period using the related expense attribution method to the extent that they are unvested. For equity awards that are improbable of vesting before the modification and probable of vesting after the modification, the Company recognizes expense measured as the fair value of the modified award on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period using the related expense attribution method based on the fair value of the awards at the modification date.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

Revenue is recognized when or as a customer obtains control of promised services. The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration which the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for these services.

 

The Company derives substantially all of its revenue from subscription revenue and advertising revenue. As permitted under the practical expedient available under ASU 2014-09, the Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for (i) contracts with an original expected length of one year or less, (ii) contracts with variable consideration that is allocated entirely to unsatisfied performance obligations or to a wholly unsatisfied promise accounted for under the series guidance, and (iii) contracts for which the Company recognizes revenue for the amount at which the Company has the right to invoice for services performed.

 

Direct Revenue

 

Direct revenue consists of subscription revenue. Subscription revenue is generated through the sale of monthly subscriptions that are currently offered in one, three, six, and twelve-month lengths. Subscription revenue is presented net of taxes, credits, and chargebacks. Subscribers pay in advance, primarily through mobile app stores, and, subject to certain conditions identified in the Company’s terms and conditions, generally all purchases are final and nonrefundable. Revenue is initially deferred and is recognized using the straight-line method over the term of the applicable subscription period.

 

Indirect Revenue

 

Indirect revenue consists of advertising revenue and other non-direct revenue. The Company has contractual relationships with advertising service providers and also directly with advertisers to display advertisements in the Grindr app. For all advertising arrangements, the Company’s performance obligation is to provide the inventory for advertisements to be displayed in the Grindr app. For contracts made directly with advertisers, the Company is also obligated to serve the advertisements in the Grindr app. Providing the advertising inventory and serving the advertisement is considered a single performance obligation, as the advertiser cannot benefit from the advertising space without its advertisements being displayed.

 

8

 

The pricing and terms for all advertising arrangements are governed by either a master contract or insertion order. The transaction price in advertising arrangements is generally the product of the number of advertising units delivered (e.g., impressions, offers completed, videos viewed, etc.) and the contractually agreed upon price per advertising unit. Further, for advertising transactions with advertising service providers, the contractually agreed upon price per advertising unit is generally based on the Company’s revenue share or fixed revenue rate as stated in the contract. The number of advertising units delivered is determined at the end of each month, which resolves any uncertainty in the transaction price during the reporting period.

 

Account Receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts

 

The majority of app users access the Company’s services through mobile app stores. The Company evaluates the credit worthiness of these two mobile app stores on an ongoing basis and does not require collateral from these entities. Accounts receivable also include amounts billed and currently due from advertising customers. The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts to provide for the estimated amount of accounts receivable that will not be collected. The allowance for doubtful accounts is based upon a number of factors, including the length of time accounts receivable are past due, the Company’s previous loss history, and the specific customer’s ability to pay its obligation.

 

The accounts receivable balances, net of allowances, were $18,433 and $17,885 as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The opening balance of accounts receivable, net of allowances, was $11,833 as of January 1, 2021.

 

Contract Liabilities

 

Deferred revenue consists of advance payments that are received or are contractually due in advance of the Company’s performance. The Company classifies subscription deferred revenue as current and recognizes revenue ratably over the terms of the applicable subscription period or expected completion of the performance obligation which range from one to twelve months. The deferred revenue balances were $18,732 and $20,077 as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The opening balance of deferred revenue balance was $13,530 as of January 1, 2021.

 

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recognized $2,406 and $18,848 of revenue that was included in the deferred revenue balance as of December 31, 2021. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company recognized $1,823 and $13,978 of revenue that was included in the deferred revenue balance as of December 31, 2020.

 

Disaggregation of Revenue

 

The following tables summarizes revenue from contracts with customers for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively:

 

    Three Months Ended
September 30,
    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
    2022     2021     2022     2021  
Direct revenue   $ 43,209     $ 30,537     $ 118,364     $ 80,733  
Indirect revenue     7,193       7,712       22,123       20,079  
    $ 50,402     $ 38,249     $ 140,487     $ 100,812  

 

    Three Months Ended
September 30,
    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
    2022     2021     2022     2021  
United States   $ 31,127     $ 23,531     $ 87,876     $ 63,533  
United Kingdom     3,752       3,127       10,457       7,753  
Rest of the world     15,523       11,591       42,154       29,526  
    $ 50,402     $ 38,249     $ 140,487     $ 100,812  

 

9

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

As an “emerging growth company”, the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (“JOBS Act”), allows the Company to delay adoption of new or revised pronouncement applicable to public companies until such pronouncements are made applicable to private companies. The Company has elected to use the adoption dates applicable to private companies. As a result, the Company’s financial statements may not be comparable to the financial statements of issuers who are required to comply with the effective date for new or revised accounting standards that are applicable to public companies.

 

In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers, which amends the accounting for contract assets acquired and contract liabilities assumed from contracts with customers in business combinations. The amendment requires an acquirer in a business combination to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities in accordance with ASC Topic 606, resulting in a shift from previous guidance which required similar assets and liabilities to be accounted for at fair value at the acquisition date. For public business entities, the guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. For all other entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The amendments in this Update should be applied prospectively to business combinations occurring on or after the effective date of the amendments. While the Company is continuing to assess the timing of adoption and potential impact of this guidance it does not expect the guidance to have a material effect, if any, on its condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. The Company will continue to evaluate the impact of this guidance upon the occurrence of future acquisitions.

 

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting, which provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions that reference London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform. This guidance is optional for a limited period of time through December 31, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this guidance may have as it relates to arrangements that reference LIBOR on its condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

 

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The guidance in this ASU supersedes the leasing guidance in Topic 840, Leases. Under the new guidance, lessees are required to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheets for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the statement of operations. The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, and interim periods within those fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. The primary effect of the adoption of ASU No. 2016-02 will be the recognition of a right of use asset and related liability to reflect the Company’s rights and obligations under its operating leases. The Company will also be required to provide the additional disclosures stipulated in ASU No. 2016-02. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the requirements of ASU 2016-02 and does not expect the adoption to have a significant impact on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) and consolidated statements of cash flows. Upon adoption, there will be a material increase in total assets and total liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet due to the recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for the Company’s leases.

 

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which revises the measurement of credit losses for financial assets measured at amortized cost from an incurred loss methodology to an expected loss methodology. The standard requires entities to use a forward-looking approach based on expected losses to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments, including trade receivables, debt securities, net investment in leases, and most other financial assets that represent a right to receive cash. Additional disclosures about significant estimates and credit quality are also required. The FASB has subsequently issued updates to the standard to provide additional clarification on specific topics. The ASU is effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on its financial statements.

 

10

 

3. Income Tax

 

In determining the quarterly provisions for income taxes, the Company uses the annual estimated effective tax rate applied to the actual year-to-date income (loss), adjusted for discrete items arising in that quarter. In addition, the effect of changes in enacted tax laws or rates and tax status is recognized in the interim period in which the change occurs.

 

The computation of the estimated annual effective income rate at each interim period requires certain estimates and assumptions including, but not limited to, the expected pre-tax income (or loss) for the year, projections of the proportion of income (and/or loss) earned and tax in foreign jurisdictions and permanent and temporary differences. The accounting estimates used to compute the provision or benefit for income taxes may change as new events occur, additional information is obtained or the Company’s tax environment changes. To the extent that the estimated annual effective income tax rate changes during a quarter, the effect of the change on prior quarters is included in the income tax provision in the quarter in which the change occurs.

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company recorded an income tax provision of $3,474 and $461, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company recorded an income tax provision (benefit) of $3,727 and $(214) respectively. The Company’s annual estimated effective tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily as a result of state taxes, unit-based compensation, foreign derived intangible income deduction and other permanent differences.

 

4. Other Current Assets

 

Other current assets consist of the following:

 

    September 30,
2022
    December 31,
2021
 
Deferred transaction costs   $ 8,086     $  
Income tax receivable           3,274  
Other current assets     1       34  
    $ 8,087     $ 3,308  

 

5. Promissory Note from a Member

 

On April 27, 2021, Catapult GP II LLC (“Catapult GP II”), a related party wherein certain members of Catapult GP II are executives of the Company, purchased 5,387,194 common units of the Company. In conjunction with the common units purchased, the Company entered into a full recourse promissory note with Catapult GP II with a face value of $30,000 (the “Note”). The Note, including all unpaid interest, is to be repaid the earlier of 1) the tenth anniversary of the Note, 2) upon the completion of a liquidity event, or 3) upon completion of an initial public offering or a special-purpose acquisition company transaction. The Note bears interest at 10% per annum on a straight-line basis.

 

The total amount outstanding on the Note, including interest, was $30,481 and $32,038 as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The Note and the related accrued interest are reflected as a reduction to equity in the condensed consolidated statements of members’ equity.

 

11

 


6. Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

 

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consist of the following:

 

    September 30,
2022
    December 31,
2021
 
Settlement payable of incentive units on 2016 Plan   $ 2,108     $ 1,060  
Income, sales and other taxes payable     2,710       664  
Accrued professional service fees     1,452       184  
Accrued legal expenses     1,185       196  
Accrued infrastructure expenses     567        
Employee compensation and benefits     477       320  
Settlement payable to a former director     406       204  
Deferred rent     362       196  
Other accrued expenses     1,162       715  
    $ 10,429     $ 3,539  

 

7. Debt

 

Total debt for the Company is comprised of the following:

 

    September 30,
2022
    December 31,
2021
 
Credit Agreement                
Current   $ 5,040     $ 3,840  
Non-current     192,900       136,320  
      197,940       140,160  
Less: unamortized debt issuance costs     (3,237 )     (3,041 )
    $ 194,703     $ 137,119  

 

On June 10, 2020, Grindr Gap LLC and Grindr Capital LLC, wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company, entered into a credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) which permitted the Company to borrow up to $192,000.

 

Borrowings under the agreement are collateralized by the capital stock and assets of certain wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company. The Company’s obligation under the Credit Agreement is guaranteed by certain of the Company’s wholly owned subsidiaries.

 

Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are payable in full on June 10, 2025 with mandatory principal repayments beginning in the first quarter of 2021. Mandatory repayments are equal to 0.50% of the original principal amount of the Credit Agreement. The Company is also required to make mandatory prepayments of the Credit Agreement, commencing with the fiscal year ending December 31, 2020, equal to a defined percentage rate (determined based on the Company’s leverage ratio) of excess cash flows. No such prepayment was required for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021.

 

Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are Index Rate Loans or LIBOR Rate Loans, at the Company’s discretion. Index Rate Loans bear interest at Index Rate plus applicable margin based on the consolidated total leverage ratio, or 7%. LIBOR Rate Loans bear interest at LIBOR Rate plus an applicable margin based on the consolidated total leverage ratio, or 8%. The interest rates in effect as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 were 10.3% and 9.5%, respectively, based on the LIBOR Rate.

 

The Credit Agreement also required the Company to make a lump-sum principal repayment in the amount equal to $48,000 plus related accrued interest on or before February 28, 2021. This repayment date was amended to November 30, 2021 based on the first amendment to the Credit Agreement entered into on February 25, 2021. In addition to the mandatory repayment, the Company was required to pay a premium of 10% of the principal repayment, or $4,800, together with the mandatory lump-sum principal repayment.

 

12

 

The premium was accrued over the term of the Credit Agreement through the initial repayment date in February 2021. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, $1,118 of the premium was accrued and recognized as interest expense in “Interest expense, net” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income. The Company paid the mandatory lump-sum principal and premium in November 2021.

 

On June 13, 2022, a second amendment to the Credit Agreement was entered into which allowed the Company to borrow an additional $60,000, which the Company drew in conjunction with the closing of the amendment. The second amendment to the Credit Agreement was accounted for as a debt modification. The Company capitalized and paid debt issuance costs totaling $955 in conjunction with the second amendment. The borrowing under the second amendment has the same terms as the Credit Agreement and is payable in full on June 10, 2025.

 

The obligations under the Credit Agreement are subject to automatic acceleration upon a voluntary or involuntary bankruptcy event of default and are subject to acceleration at the election of the lenders upon the continuance of any other event of default, including a material adverse change in the business, operations or conditions of the Company, or SVA’s default on the deferred payment resulting from the Company’s acquisition of Grindr, Inc. from Kunlun Holdings Limited (“Kunlun”) (the “Deferred Payment”). A default interest rate of an additional 2% per annum will apply on all outstanding obligations during the occurrence and continuance of an event of default. If an event of default occurs on or prior to June 10, 2022, an additional premium will be charged equal to all unpaid interest that would have accrued until the date that is 24 months after the inception of the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement includes restrictive non-financial and financial covenants, including the requirement to maintain a total leverage ratio no greater than 4.75:1.00 prior to and through March 31, 2022, and no greater than 3.25:1.00 thereafter. As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company was in compliance with the financial debt covenants.

 

The fair values of the Company’s Credit Agreement balances were measured by the discounted cash flow method or comparing their prepayment values and observable market data consisting of interest rates based on similar credit ratings, which the Company classifies as a Level 2 input within the fair value hierarchy. The estimated fair value of the Credit Agreement balances as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, was $189,746 and $142,963, respectively.

 

8. Commitments and Contingencies

 

Litigation

 

From time to time, the Company is subject to various legal proceedings and claims, either asserted or unasserted, that arise in the ordinary course of business. Litigation can be expensive and disruptive to normal business operations. Moreover, the results of complex legal proceedings are difficult to predict, and the Company’s view of these matters may change in the future as the litigation and events related thereto unfold. The Company expenses legal fees as incurred. The Company records a provision for contingent losses when it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Currently, it is too early to determine the outcome and probability of any legal proceedings and whether they would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business. As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, there were no amounts accrued that the Company believes would be material to its financial position.

 

In January 2020, the Norwegian Consumer Council (“NCC”) submitted three complaints to the Norwegian Data Protection Authority, (“NDPA”). Datatilsynet, under Article 77(1) of the General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) against the following parties: (1) Grindr and AdColony; (2) Grindr, Twitter, AppNexus, and OpenX; and (3) Grindr, and Smaato. The complaints reference a report entitled “Out Of Control: How consumers are exploited by the online advertising industry”. The NCC argued that (1) the Company lacks valid consent for data sharing, (2) the Company shares personal data under Article 9 and does not have a legal basis for processing personal data under article 9, and (3) the Company does not provide clear information about data sharing, which infringes the principle of transparency in Article (5)(1)(a) GDPR. In April 2020, the Company received an Order to Provide Information from the Datatilsynet. The Company responded to this Order and provided information to Datatilsynet in May 2020. In January 2021, the Datatilsynet sent the Company an “Advance notification of an administrative fine” of 100,000 NOK (the equivalent of approximately $9,300 using the exchange rate as of September 30, 2022) for an alleged infringement of the GDPR. This was notice of a proposed fine to which Grindr was entitled to respond before Datatilsynet made a final decision. Datatilsynet alleged (i) that Grindr disclosed personal data to third party advertisers without a legal basis in violation of Article 6(1) GDPR and (ii) that Grindr disclosed special category personal data to third party advertisers without a valid exemption from the prohibition in Article 9(1) GDPR. Grindr responded to the Advance notification on March 8, 2021, to contest the draft findings and fine. A redacted copy of Grindr’s response was made public. On April 29, 2021, Datatilsynet issued its Order To Provide Information - Grindr - Data Processors, asking, among other things, whether Grindr considered certain ad tech partners to be processors or controllers. Datatilsynet later extended the deadline to respond to June 2, 2021, and Grindr sent a response to Datatilsynet on that date. On October 11, 2021, Datatilsynet sent the Company a letter concerning Grindr’s reply to the Advance notification. In the letter, Datatilsynet clarified that the Advance notification only “pertains to data subjects on Norwegian territory,” and advised the Company of two additional complaints that had been filed (one in March 2021 and the other in September 2021) with Datatilsynet by the Norwegian Consumer Council. Datatilsynet requested any further comments or remarks to the Advance notification by November 1, 2021, but later extended the deadline to November 19, 2021. On November 19, 2021, Grindr served a response to Datatilsynet’s October 11, 2021 letter. On November 26, 2021, Datatilsynet requested any redactions to the response based upon the expectation that third parties may request a copy of Grindr’s November 19, 2021 response, and Grindr proposed redactions on the same day.

 

13

 

In December 2021, Datatilsynet issued a reduced administrative fine against the Company in the amount of 65,000 NOK, or approximately $6,045 using the exchange rate as of September 30, 2022, with an extended deadline for the Company to appeal through February 14, 2022. On February 14, 2022, Grindr filed an appeal brief with the DPA. Grindr is not aware when Datatilsynet will take additional action in this matter. It is too early to determine the probability of there being any further proceedings, the outcome of any such proceedings, and whether such proceedings may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, including because of the uncertainty of (i) the ultimate amount of the fine imposed, and (ii) whether Grindr may determine to appeal or further contest the fine. As a result, an estimate of the ultimate loss cannot be made at this time. It is at least reasonably possible that a change in the administrative fine may occur in the near term.

 

In Summer of 2018, Grindr was informed by multiple State Attorneys General (the “Multistate”) that the Multistate was opening a formal investigation into the Company’s sharing of users’ HIV status and last tested date with third parties, and its security and processing of user geolocation information. Since August 2018 the Company has responded to multiple requests for information. In November 2020, the Multistate contacted the Company with its expected claims and findings and general proposed settlement terms that included a settlement of $11,000. The Company responded in February 2021 by providing the Multistate with a white paper detailing why the Multistate’s claims are factually and legally deficient. The Company also met with the Multistate and presented its arguments via a presentation. In May 2021, the Multistate contacted Grindr to request an extension of the tolling agreement from June 1, 2021 to October 1, 2021. On May 30, 2021, Grindr entered into a tolling agreement extension with the State Attorneys General of Arkansas, Indiana, New Jersey, North Carolina, Oregon, Vermont, and Washington, extending the tolling agreement from June 1, 2021 to August 1, 2021. In June 2021, the New Jersey Attorney General served supplemental requests on Grindr seeking, among other things, additional information related to matters discussed in Grindr’s February 2021 white paper, as well as documents regarding submissions made by Grindr to Datatilsynet. In July 2021, Grindr served initial responses and objections to the New Jersey Attorney General’s supplemental requests and subsequently agreed to an extension of the tolling agreement from August 1, 2021 to October 1, 2021. Since that time, the New Jersey Attorney General agreed to limit the scope of the supplemental requests, and Grindr agreed to provide certain information in response to the supplemental requests. In addition, Grindr agreed to enter into an additional tolling agreement extension with the State Attorneys General of Arkansas, Indiana, New Jersey, North Carolina, Oregon, Vermont, and Washington, extending the tolling agreement from October 1, 2021 to March 31, 2022. On March 16, 2022, May 27, 2022 and July 5, 2022, Grindr entered into an additional extensions of the tolling agreement with the Attorneys General until May 30, 2022, June 30, 2022 and September 1, 2022. In October 2021, Grindr served an initial response to the New Jersey Attorney General’s supplemental requests, with additional responses to supplemental requests served in November and December 2021. In January 2022, Grindr submitted responses to the New Jersey Attorney General’s follow-up questions regarding the Company’s inquiry in response to The Pillar blog. On October 6, 2022, the Company was advised by the Multistate that the investigation has been closed without action and with no further action anticipated. See Note 13 for additional information.

 

14

 

In December 2020, Grindr was named in a statement of claim and petition for certification of a class action in Israel (Israeli Central District Court). The statement of claims generally alleges that Grindr violated users’ privacy by sharing information with third parties without their explicit consent. The petitioner asserts several causes of action under Israeli law, including privacy breaches, unlawful enrichment, and negligence, as well as causes of action under California law, including privacy violations under the California Constitution and California common law, negligence, violation of the Unfair Competition Law, and unjust enrichment. The statement of claims seeks various forms of monetary, declaratory, and injunctive relief, in addition to certification as a class action. In June 2021, the petitioner attempted service of the statement of claims and the associated filings (all in translated form as required under applicable law) on Grindr. In November 2021, Grindr filed an initial response to the plaintiff’s Statement of Claim challenging the effectiveness of service. The plaintiff then filed opposition to Grindr’s service-related motion, raising a series of technical challenges. During the Israeli court hearing in January 2022, the Israeli court directed the plaintiff to start the service process from the beginning by seeking court permission to pursue international service on Grindr. On February 8, 2022, the Court formally permitted the Plaintiff, in ex parte, to serve the Company outside the jurisdiction. The Company should file its response to the Motion for certification (and/or preliminary jurisdictional motions) within 90 days from the date it is served. On March 30, 2022, Grindr received a package via U.S. Mail with the case documents. Grindr’s local Israeli counsel is preparing a motion seeking the court’s preliminary ruling on the question of applicable law. On July 5, 2022, the Company filed a motion to determine the governing law. Grindr believes that the claims lack merit, and it continues to consider and evaluate an appropriate response. At this time, this matter remains in its nascent stages, and it is too early to determine the likely outcome of this proceeding or whether the proceeding may ultimately have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, including because of the uncertainty of (i) whether Grindr will incur a loss, (ii) if a loss is incurred, what the amount of that loss may be, and (iii) whether Grindr may determine to appeal or further contest the loss.

 

9. Distributions

 

On June 10, 2022, the Board of Managers approved a special distribution of $0.75 per unit of Series X Ordinary Units, amounting to $83,313 to Series X Ordinary Unit holders as of the close of business on June 10, 2022. The distribution was partially paid in June 2022, and the balance was fully paid in July 2022.

 

10. Unit-based Compensation

 

The unit-based compensation expense is related to the grant of unit options and restricted units granted under the 2020 Plan and the grant of SVE’s Series P Units to Catapult Goliath LLC (“Catapult Goliath”),  a related party that liquidated prior to the Closing and distributed its holdings to its members, some of whom were former officers of the Company. The unit-based compensation expense for SVE’s Series P Units have been pushed down to the operating entity and thus recorded in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements with a corresponding credit to equity as a capital contribution.

 

2020 Plan

 

Unit options

 

The following table summarizes the key input assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to estimate the fair value of unit options granted for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021:

 

      Nine Months Ended September 30,  
      2022       2021  
Expected life of units (in years)(1)     4.57 - 4.61       4.55 - 4.61  
Expected unit price volatility(2)     56.39% - 60.87 %
    48.20% - 56.46 %
Risk free interest rate(3)     1.37% - 3.05 %
    0.32% - 0.78 %
Expected dividend yield(4)     %     %
Weighted average grant-date fair value per unit of unit options granted     $2.75 - $5.81       $1.80 - $2.17  
Fair value per common unit     $5.89 - $11.13       $4.50 - $4.98  

 

(1) The expected term for award is determined using the simplified method, which estimates the expected term using the contractual life of the option and the vesting period.

 

(2) Expected volatility is based on historical volatilities of a publicly traded per group over a period equivalent to the expected term of the awards

 

(3) The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield of treasury bonds with a maturity that approximates the expected term of the awards

 

(4) Prior to June 10, 2022, the Company has not historically paid cash dividends on its common units. On June 10, 2022, the Company’s Board of Managers approved a special distribution as described in Note 9, and does not expect to pay any normal course cash dividends on its common units in the foreseeable future.

 

15

 

 

The following table summarizes the unit option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2022:

 

     

Number of  

Options 

   

Weighted

Average

Exercise

Price

 
Outstanding at December 31, 2021       3,442,397     $ 4.96  
Granted       867,050     $ 10.37  
Exercised       (240,205 )   $ 4.73  
Forfeited       (886,519 )   $ 4.63  
Outstanding at September 30, 2022       3,182,723     $ 6.56  

 

San Vicente Equity Joint Venture LLC (“SVE”) Series P Profit Units (“Series P”)

 

A summary of Series P Units activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 is presented below:

 

      Number of Units    

Weighted  

Average Fair  

Value(1) 

 
Unvested at December 31, 2021       4,306,636     $ 2.07  
Vested       (3,293,464 )   $ 5.36  
Unvested at September 30, 2022       1,013,172     $ 7.32  

 


(1) The weighted average fair value for unvested Series P units at December 31, 2021 is based on the grant date fair value. The weighted average fair value of the vested Series P units in 2022 and the unvested Series P units at September 30, 2022 considered the remeasured fair value of Series P upon modification (discussed below).

 

There were no Series P units granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021.

 

Modification of Series P Units

 

On May 9, 2022, SVE and Catapult Goliath entered into an agreement to amend the vesting requirement for the Series P Units (the “Modification”). Under the Modification, the Series P Units performance-based vesting target was amended to time-based vesting and the Series P Units will vest as follows: (1) 40% immediately as of the date of modification (the “First Tranches”), and (2) 20% each on June 30, 2022, September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2022 (the “Second Tranches”). Additionally, the requisite services under the consulting agreement have been removed as a condition to vesting.

 

The vesting requirements for the First Tranches originally consisted of requisite services under a consulting agreement and performance-based targets, and all performance-based targets were met. As such, the Company accounted for the modification in the First Tranches as a Type I modification (probable to probable). As the modification only results in the acceleration of service-based vesting and does not involve any other changes, there was no incremental fair value upon modification. The Company recognized $2,285 incremental unit-based compensation during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 for the First Tranches as it relates to the units vested immediately upon the date of modification.

 

The vesting requirements for the Second Tranches originally consisted of requisite services under a consulting agreement and performance-based targets, and all performance-based targets were not met. As such, the Company accounted for the modification in the Second Tranches as a Type III modification (improbable to probable). This Type III modification results in a remeasured fair value of $7.32 per share. The remeasured fair value was determined by a probability weighted expected return method by weighting between a going concern scenario valued using the Option Pricing Method and a reverse merger scenario value using the equity value in the merger agreement. The incremental aggregate unit-based compensation related to the modification was $22,249. The Company recognized $19,217 of incremental unit-based compensation expense during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 for the Second Tranches.


Prior to the Closing, Catapult Goliath was liquidated and distributed its holdings to its members, some of whom were former officers of the Company.

 

16

 

Unit-based compensation information

 

The following table summarizes unit-based compensation expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively:

 

    Three Months Ended
September 30,
    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
    2022     2021     2022     2021  
Selling, general and administrative expenses   $ 9,435     $ 593     $ 22,870     $ 1,623  
Product development expenses     251       71       483       183  
    $ 9,686     $ 664     $ 23,353     $ 1,806  

 

Unit-based compensation expense that was capitalized as an asset was $54 and $32 for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Unit-based compensation expense that was capitalized as an asset was $108 and $78 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

 

11. Net (Loss) Income Per Share

 

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted (loss) income per share:

 

    Three Months Ended
September 30,
    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
    2022     2021     2022     2021  
Numerator:                        
Net (loss) income and comprehensive (loss) income   $ (4,663 )   $ 1,894     $ (4,343 )   $ (1,433 )
Denominator:                                
Basic weighted average units of ordinary units outstanding     111,098,038       110,611,462       110,984,923       108,293,197  
Diluted effect of unit-based awards           14,756              
Diluted weighted average units of ordinary units outstanding     111,098,038       110,626,218       110,984,923       108,293,197  
                                 
Net (loss) income per unit:                                
Basic   ($ 0.04 )   $ 0.02     ($ 0.04 )   ($ 0.01 )
Diluted   ($ 0.04 )   $ 0.02     ($ 0.04 )   ($ 0.01 )

 

The following table presents the weighted average potential shares that are excluded from the computation of diluted net (loss) income and comprehensive (loss) income for the periods presented because including them would have had an anti-dilutive effect:

 

    Three Months Ended
September 30,
    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
    2022     2021     2022     2021  
Unit options issued under 2020 Plan     996,487       332,300       1,630,226       345,733  

 

12. Related Parties

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company paid advisor fees and out-of-pocket expenses amounting to $175 and $262 to two individuals who hold ownership interest in the Company, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company paid advisor fees and out-of-pocket expenses amounting to $606 and $644 to two individuals who hold ownership interest in the Company, respectively.

 

See Note 5 and Note 10 for additional related party transactions with Catapult GP II and Catapult Goliath.

 

17

 

13. Subsequent Events

 

The Company has evaluated subsequent events through November 23, 2022, the date the condensed consolidated financial statements were available to be issued. Except as described below, or as otherwise indicated in the footnotes, the Company has concluded that no events or transactions have occurred that require disclosure.

On October 6, 2022, the Company was advised by the Multistate that the investigation discussed in Note 8 has been closed without action and with no further action anticipated. While this particular investigation concluded in the Company’s favor, the Company may in the future be the subject of similar types of investigations or proceedings, which could result in substantial costs and a diversion of the Company’s management’s attention and resources.

The Company and Tiga Acquisition Corp., a special purpose acquisition company (“Tiga” or the “SPAC”), entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) on May 9, 2022. On November 1, 2022, the Company and Tiga announced that the Securities and Exchange Commission had declared effective the Form S-4 in connection with the Merger Agreement. On November 18, 2022, following the approval of the stockholders at Tiga at its Extraordinary General Meeting held on November 15, 2022, pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, the Company and Tiga completed the closing of the transaction contemplated by the Merger Agreement (the “Closing”). The transaction provided the Company with $105,094 of gross proceeds. Upon Closing, the combined company was renamed Grindr Inc. and is trading on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker “GRND”. The transaction is accounted for as a reverse recapitalization and Grindr Group has been determined to be the accounting acquirer.

On November 14, 2022, Grindr Gap LLC and Grindr Capital LLC, wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company entered into an amendment to the Credit Agreement which allowed the Company to borrow multiple term loans (the “Amendment”). The term loans have the following maximum commitment amounts, $140,800 (“Supplemental Facility I”), and $30,000 (“Supplemental Facility II”). On November 14, 2022 and November 17, 2022, the Company fully committed the full amount for Supplemental Facility I and Supplemental Facility II, respectively. The debt issuance costs related to the Amendment is $3,387 and $750 for Supplemental Facility I and Supplemental Facility II, respectively. All borrowings under the Amendment bear interest at the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”), with an applicable floor, plus an applicable margin as determined by the Company’s net leverage ratio. For Supplemental Facility I, the Company is required to make quarterly amortization payments of $704 on the next business day of the end of each March, June, September and December, beginning in June 2023, with the remaining aggregate principal amount payable on the maturity date on November 14, 2027 (“Supplemental Facility I Maturity Date”). The Supplemental Facility I Maturity Date may be accelerated if certain loans in the existing Credit Agreement or Supplemental Facility II are not repaid on or before their respectively maturity dates. For Supplemental Facility II, the Company is required to make amortization payments of $7,500 on the next business day of the end of June 2023 and December 2023, with the remaining aggregate principal amount payable on the maturity date on May 17, 2024.

On November 14, 2022, ahead of the close of the transaction described above, the Board of Managers approved a distribution of $2.55 per unit of Series X Ordinary Units, amounting to $283,801 to Series X Ordinary Unit holders as of the close of business on November 14, 2022 (the “Distribution”). As part of the Distribution, $155,000 was issued to Group Holdings in the form of a promissory note (the “Promissory Note”) on November 15, 2022. The Promissory Note, which would bear interest at 4.03% per annum beginning thirty days after issuance, was to be repaid no later than January 15, 2023 with all accrued interest. Group Holdings in turn issued promissory notes to its parent companies SVE and SVG totaling $155,000, SVE in turn issued a promissory note for its pro rata portion to SVG, and SVG issued a promissory note in the amount of $155,000 to San Vicente Parent LLC (a wholly owned subsidiary of San Vicente Offshore Holdings (Cayman) Limited, “SV Parent”). In addition, Catapult GP II elected to apply a portion of its distribution totaling $13,737 as a partial payment of the Note described in Note 5, in the amount of $12,020, which comprised $1,280 of the accrued interest and $10,740 of the principal. The Distribution, excluding any amounts related to the items described above, was paid on various dates in November 2022.

On November 15, 2022, Tiga Sponsor LLC (the “SPAC Sponsor”) assigned the rights and obligations under a forward purchase agreement (“FPA”) to SV Parent for $100,000 consideration. The FPA provided for the purchase of an aggregate of 5,000,000 Class A ordinary shares, plus an aggregate of 2,500,000 redeemable warrants to purchase one Class A ordinary share at $11.50 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $50,000, or $10.00 per Class A ordinary share. Pursuant to the FPA, the holder of the FPA (the “holder”) was also granted an option to subscribe, in the holder’s sole discretion, for an additional 5,000,000 Class A ordinary shares plus an additional 2,500,000 redeemable warrants to purchase one Class A ordinary share at $11.50 per share, for an additional purchase price of $50,000, or $10.00 per Class A ordinary share. In addition, on November 15, 2022, SV Parent transferred $100,000 cash to the SPAC trust account, which was released on November 18, 2022 to Grindr Inc. as an equity contribution. In consideration for the Company’s assumption of SV Parent’s rights to receive the securities issuable by the SPAC Sponsor under the FPA, Grindr issued 7,127,896 Series X Ordinary Units to SV Cayman and entered into that certain warrant agreement with SV Cayman, pursuant to which, SV Cayman was entitled to purchase 3,563,948 Series X Ordinary Units of Grindr at a purchase price per share of $16.13. Such warrant and the Series X Ordinary Units were ultimately exchanged at the Closing into shares of Grindr Inc. Common Stock and a warrant to purchase shares of Grindr Inc. Common Stock in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement.

On November 16, 2022, SVE was liquidated and Group Holdings, SVG, SVA, SV Parent, San Vicente Offshore Holdings (Cayman) Limited, and SV Investments II, Inc. merged down with and into the Company. The mergers up to the SV Parent level resulted in all of the intercompany promissory notes being canceled, and the merger of SV Parent into the Company resulted in Grindr assuming the $155,000 Deferred Payment to Kunlun with a carrying value of $142,750 as of November 16, 2022. On November 17, 2022, SV Investments distributed all of its interest and warrants in the Company to San Vicente Holdings LLC, which subsequently distributed all of its interest and warrants in the Company to its equity holders. The accounting treatment for each of these transactions is reflected as a contribution of assets and liabilities between entities under common control, which does not result in a change in reporting entity requiring retrospective restatement of the historical financial statements.

In accordance with newly executed agreements between the Company and Kunlun, the Deferred Payment liability is to be settled within 10 business days of the Closing. Upon the settlement of the Deferred Payment liability, the difference between the carrying value of the Deferred Payment, at the time of settlement, and the $155,000 obligation will be recognized as a loss on extinguishment of debt in the period it is extinguished.


18

 

San Vicente Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

San Vicente Offshore Holdings (Cayman) Limited and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited)

(in thousands, except per unit data)

 

    September 30,
2022
    December 31,
2021
 
Assets                
Current Assets                
Cash and cash equivalents   $ 27,236     $ 15,778  
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $80 and $53 at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively     18,433       17,885  
Prepaid expenses     4,336       2,330  
Deferred charges     3,749       4,611  
Other current assets     8,087       3,308  
Total current assets     61,841       43,912  
Restricted cash     1,392       1,392  
Property and equipment, net     2,134       2,374  
Capitalized software development costs, net     6,916       3,637  
Intangible assets, net     113,335       139,708  
Goodwill     275,703       275,703  
Other assets     761       84  
Total assets   $ 462,082     $ 466,810  
Liabilities and Members’ Equity                
Current liabilities                
Accounts payable   $ 1,913     $ 2,437  
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities     10,396       3,506  
Deferred payment     140,093       70,326  
Current maturities of long-term debt, net     5,040       3,840  
Deferred revenue     18,732       20,077  
Total current liabilities     176,174       100,186  
Deferred payment, non-current           125,612  
Long-term debt, net     189,663       133,279  
Deferred income taxes     20,444       28,958  
Other non-current liabilities     169       2,405  
Total liabilities     386,450       390,440  
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 8)              
Contingently Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest              
Series P preferred units   $     $  
Members’ Equity              
Ordinary units, par value $0.01            
Additional paid-in capital     119,739       95,157  
Accumulated deficit     (54,373 )     (36,236 )
Equity attributable to noncontrolling interest     10,266       17,449  
Total members’ equity     75,632       76,370  
Total liabilities and members’ equity   $ 462,082     $ 466,810  

 

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

19

 

San Vicente Offshore Holdings (Cayman) Limited and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss (unaudited)

(in thousands)

 

    Three Months Ended
September 30,
    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
    2022     2021     2022     2021  
Revenue   $ 50,402     $ 38,249     $ 140,487     $ 100,812  
Operating costs and expenses                                
Cost of revenue (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown separately below)     12,955       9,621       36,758       25,723  
Selling, general and administrative expense     20,331       8,335       53,822       21,798  
Product development expense     4,159       2,841       11,981       7,422  
Depreciation and amortization     9,097       10,708       27,215       32,534  
Total operating costs and expenses     46,542       31,505       129,776       87,477  
Income from operations     3,860       6,744       10,711       13,335  
Other expense                                
Interest expense, net     (9,843 )     (11,118 )     (30,153 )     (34,386 )
Other expense, net     (263 )     (89 )     (329 )     (119 )
Total other expense     (10,106 )     (11,207 )     (30,482 )     (34,505 )
Net loss before income tax     (6,246 )     (4,463 )     (19,771 )     (21,170 )
Income tax provision (benefit)     (2,485 )     (1,079 )     (1,192 )     (5,019 )
Net loss and comprehensive loss   $ (3,761 )   $ (3,384 )   $ (18,579 )   $ (16,151 )
Less: Income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest     (466 )     181       (434 )     (67 )
Net loss attributable to San Vicente Offshore Holdings Limited   $ (3,295 )   $ (3,565 )   $ (18,145 )   $ (16,084 )

 

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

20

 

San Vicente Offshore Holdings (Cayman) Limited and Subsidiaries 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Members’ Equity for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 (unaudited) 

(in thousands, except per unit amounts and unit data)

 

   

Equity Attributable to San Vicente Offshore

Holdings (Cayman) Limited

                Contingently Redeemable
Noncontrolling Interest
 
   

Ordinary Units

(Par value $0.01)

                                  Series P Preferred Units  
    Units     Amount    

Additional

paid-in capital

   

Accumulated

deficit

    Total    

Equity

Attributable to

Noncontrolling

Interest

   

Total

Members’

Equity

    Units     Amount  
Balance at December 31, 2021   3     $     $ 95,157     $ (36,236 )   $ 58,921     $ 17,449     $ 76,370     759,219     $  
Net loss                     (1,594 )     (1,594 )     454       (1,140 )          
Interest on the promissory note to a related party               (668 )           (668 )     (73 )     (741 )          
Unit-based compensation expense               349             349       414       763     156,221        
Exercise of unit options in subsidiary               103             103       16       119            
Balance at March 31, 2022   3     $     $ 94,941     $ (37,830 )   $ 57,111     $ 18,260     $ 75,371     915,440     $  
Net loss                     (13,248 )     (13,248 )     (430 )     (13,678 )          
Subsidiary distributions                                 (8,313 )     (8,313 )          
Interest on the promissory note to a related party               (672 )           (672 )     (74 )     (746 )          
Repayment of promissory note to a related party               385             385       42       427            
Payment of interest on promissory note to related party               3,026             3,026       336       3,362            
Unit based compensation               12,598             12,598       360       12,958     2,124,072        
Exercise of unit options in subsidiary               913             913       (7 )     906            
Balance at June 30, 2022   3     $     $ 111,191     $ (51,078 )   $ 60,113     $ 10,174     $ 70,287     3,039,512     $  
Net loss                     (3,295 )     (3,295 )     (466 )     (3,761 )          
Interest on the promissory note to a related party               (671 )           (671 )     (74 )     (745 )          
Unit-based compensation               9,097             9,097       643       9,740     1,013,171        
Exercise of unit options in subsidiary               122             122       (11 )     111            
Balance at September 30, 2022   3     $     $ 119,739     $ (54,373 )   $ 65,366     $ 10,266     $ 75,632     4,052,683     $  

 

21

 

San Vicente Offshore Holdings (Cayman) Limited and Subsidiaries 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Members’ Equity for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 (unaudited) 

(in thousands, except per unit amounts and unit data)

 

   

Equity Attributable to San Vicente Offshore

Holdings (Cayman) Limited

               

Contingently Redeemable

Noncontrolling Interest

 
   

Ordinary Units

(Par value $0.01)

                            Series P Preferred Units  
    Units     Amount    

Additional

paid-in capital

   

Accumulated

deficit

    Total    

Equity

Attributable to 

Noncontrolling Interest

   

Total

Members’

Equity

    Units     Amount  
Balance at December 31, 2020   3     $     $ 94,484     $ (20,192 )   $ 74,292     $ 15,711     $ 90,003     159,112     $  
Net loss                     (9,266 )     (9,266 )     (252 )     (9,518 )          
Unit-based compensation               268             268       266       534     122,767        
Balance at March 31, 2021   3     $     $ 94,752     $ (29,458 )   $ 65,294     $ 15,725     $ 81,019     281,879     $  
Net loss                     (3,420 )     (3,420 )     171       (3,249 )          
Issuance of subsidiary equity               17,644             17,644       12,356       30,000            
Promissory note to a related party               (17,644 )           (17,644 )     (12,356 )     (30,000 )          
Interest on the promissory note to a related party               (476 )           (476 )     (50 )     (526 )          
Unit-based compensation               352             352       302       654     157,956        
Balance at June 30, 2021   3     $     $ 94,628     $ (32,878 )   $ 61,750     $ 16,148     $ 77,898     439,835     $  
Net loss                     (3,565 )     (3,565 )     181       (3,384 )          
Interest on the promissory note to a related party               (684 )           (684 )     (72 )     (756 )          
Unit-based compensation               356             356       340       696     159,693        
Exercise of unit options in subsidiary               522             522       67       589            
Balance at September 30, 2021   3     $     $ 94,822     $ (36,443 )   $ 58,379     $ 16,664     $ 75,043     599,528     $  

 

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

22

 

San Vicente Offshore Holdings (Cayman) Limited and Subsidiaries 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) 

(in thousands)

 

    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
    2022     2021  
Operating activities                
Net loss   $ (18,579 )   $ (16,151 )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:                
Unit-based compensation     23,353       1,806  
Accretion of premium on debt           1,118  
Accretion of interest on deferred payment     19,155       19,523  
Amortization of debt issuance costs     759       897  
Interest income on promissory note from a related party     (2,232 )     (1,282 )
Depreciation and amortization     27,215       32,534  
Provision for doubtful accounts     27        
Deferred income taxes     (8,514 )     (8,660 )
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:                
Accounts receivable     (575 )     3,622
Prepaid expenses and deferred charges     (1,144 )     (1,602 )
Other current assets     (4,779 )     (4,268 )
Other assets     (677 )     53  
Accounts payable     (524 )     1,122  
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities     4,654       (7,185 )
Deferred revenue     (1,345 )     5,364  
Due to related party           10  
Other liabilities           (805 )
Net cash provided by operating activities   $ 36,794     $ 18,852  
Investing activities                
Purchase of property and equipment   $ (339 )   $ (156 )
Additions to capitalized software     (3,434 )     (2,184 )
Net cash used in investing activities   $ (3,773 )   $ (2,340 )
Financing activities                
Proceeds from exercise of unit options in subsidiary   $ 1,136     $ 589  
Repayment of deferred payment     (75,000 )      
Subsidiary distributions paid     (4,524 )      
Proceeds from issuance of debt     60,000        
Payment of debt     (2,220 )     (2,880 )
Payment of debt issuance costs     (955 )     (960 )
Net cash used in financing activities   $ (21,563 )   $ (3,251 )
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash     11,458       13,261  
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of the period     17,170       42,786  
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of the period   $ 28,628     $ 56,047  
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash                
Cash and cash equivalents   $ 27,236     $ 54,655  
Restricted cash     1,392       1,392  
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash   $ 28,628     $ 56,047  
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:                
Cash interest paid   $ 12,159     $ 13,752  
Income taxes paid   $ 2,207     $ 8,775  
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash financing activities:                
Repayment of principal and interest on the promissory note to a related party from distributions   $ 3,789     $  
Subsidiary distributions to a related party   $ (3,789 )   $  
Deferred transaction costs not yet paid   $ 1,168     $  

 

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

23

 

San Vicente Offshore Holdings (Cayman) Limited and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

(in thousands, except per unit amounts and unit data)

 

1. Nature of Business and Going Concern

 

Organization

 

San Vicente Offshore Holdings (Cayman) Limited was incorporated as a limited liability company in the Cayman Islands on February 18, 2020. San Vicente Offshore Holdings (Cayman) Limited directly and indirectly holds units of Grindr Group LLC (“Grindr Group” or “Grindr”) through various wholly owned or partially owned subsidiaries (San Vicente Offshore Holdings (Cayman) Limited and Subsidiaries, collectively referenced as the “Company”).

 

The Company’s subsidiary, Grindr Group, manages and operates the Grindr app, a global LGBTQ+ social network platform serving and addressing the needs of the entire LGBTQ+ queer community. The Grindr app is available through Apple’s App Store for iPhones and Google Play for Android. Grindr Group offers both a free, ad-supported service and a premium subscription version. Grindr Group also manages a dating service app called Blendr, for a broader market.

 

Grindr Group is a subsidiary of San Vicente Group Holdings LLC (“Group Holdings”), which is the joint subsidiary of San Vicente Group TopCo LLC (“SVG”), a wholly owned subsidiary of SVA, and San Vicente Equity Joint Venture LLC (“SVE”), a related party and subsidiary of SVA, which is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company.

 

Going Concern

 

As of September 30, 2022, the Company had cash of $27,236 and had a liability of $155,000, for which the carrying value as of September 30, 2022 is $140,093, that is payable to Kunlun Holdings Limited (“Kunlun”) in June 2023 (“Deferred Payment”, see Note 7), which is within twelve months of the date the consolidated financial statements are issued. The Company’s net loss, negative working capital, and net cash provided by operating cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $18,145, $114,333 and $36,794, respectively. The Company’s primary source of operating funds since inception has been operating cash flows, cash proceeds from debt, and equity financing transactions. In light of the maturity date of the Deferred Payment, management evaluated whether there is substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the condensed consolidated financial statements are issued. In June 2022, the Company made a payment of $75,000 in partial satisfaction of the Deferred Payment obligation. Given the timing of the remaining Deferred Payment due in 2023, management has determined that there is a material uncertainty that casts significant doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

 

The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent on management’s continued execution of the Company’s on-going and strategic plans, which include continuing to raise funds through a combination of ongoing operations, equity, and debt issuances. Management is also in the process of effectuating a merger of Grindr Group, a subsidiary, with Tiga Acquisition Corp (“Tiga”), a special purpose acquisition company and a related party. In accordance with the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger with Tiga that was signed on May 9, 2022, Grindr Group is permitted to distribute up to $370,000 to its members and affiliates to repay the entire Deferred Payment that currently exists with cash from the merger.

 

There is no assurance that the Company’s plans to raise capital will be successful. The condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty. As such, the condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis. In the event the Company does not complete this business combination, the Company expects to seek additional funding through debt financings or other capital sources to pay off the Deferred Payment. Although management continues to pursue these plans, there is no assurance that the Company will be successful in obtaining sufficient funding on terms acceptable to the Company to fund continuing operations, if at all. The ability to successfully effectuate the planned merger and obtain funding, therefore, is outside of management’s control and is a material uncertainty that casts significant doubt upon the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

 

24

 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

 

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, (“SEC”), regarding interim financial reporting. Certain information and disclosures normally included in the condensed consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and accompanying notes for the year ended December 31, 2021. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited and have been prepared on a basis consistent with that used to prepare the audited annual consolidated financial statements and include, in the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal and recurring items, necessary for the fair statement of the condensed consolidated financial statements. The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, and its wholly owned subsidiaries after elimination of intercompany transactions and balances. The operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full year ending December 31, 2022.

 

Accounting Estimates

 

Management of the Company is required to make certain estimates, judgments, and assumptions during the preparation of its condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP. These estimates, judgments, and assumptions impact the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, and expenses, and the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ from these estimates. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates and judgments including those related to: the useful lives and recoverability of property and equipment and definite-lived intangible assets; the recoverability of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets; the carrying value of accounts receivable, including the determination of the allowance for doubtful accounts; valuation allowance; uncertain tax positions; legal contingencies; and the valuation of unit-based compensation, among others.

 

Impact of COVID-19

 

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic. The COVID-19 outbreak has reached across the globe, resulting in the implementation of significant governmental measures, including lockdowns, closures, quarantines, and travel bans intended to control the spread of the virus.

 

While restrictions have been lessened and lifted, restrictions could be increased or reinstated in the future. Although an adverse impact on the Company’s ongoing operations is unlikely, the full magnitude the pandemic will have on the Company remains uncertain and will depend on the duration of the pandemic, as well as the effectiveness of mass vaccinations and the impact of future variants of the virus. Additionally, changes to estimates related to ongoing COVID-19 disruptions could result in other impacts, including, but not limited to, goodwill, indefinite-lived intangibles, and long-lived asset impairment charges.

 

25

 

Fair Value Measurements

 

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The fair value hierarchy is based on three levels of inputs, of which the first two are considered observable and the last is considered unobservable:

 

Level 1 - Observable inputs obtained from independent sources, such as quoted market prices for identical assets and liabilities in active markets.
   
Level 2 - Other inputs, which are observable directly or indirectly, such as quoted market prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted market prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data.
   
Level 3 - Unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data and require the Company to develop its own assumptions, based on the best information available in the circumstances, about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the assets or liabilities.

 

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

 

Money market funds are measured and recorded at fair value on the Company’s balance sheets on a recurring basis. The following tables present money market funds and their level within the fair value hierarchy as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021:

 

    Total     Level 1     Level 2     Level 3  
September 30, 2022:                                
Money market funds   $ 25,062     $ 25,062     $     $  

 

    Total     Level 1     Level 2     Level 3  
December 31, 2021:                                
Money market funds   $ 9,648     $ 9,648     $     $  

 

The Company’s remaining financial instruments that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis consist primarily of cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other current liabilities. The Company believes their carrying values are representative of their fair values due to their short-term maturities. The fair values of the Company’s Credit Agreement balances were measured by comparing their prepayment values and observable market data consisting of interest rates based on similar credit ratings, which the Company classifies as a Level 2 input within the fair value hierarchy. The Company does not have any recurring fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

 

Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements

 

Assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations are initially measured at fair value on the acquisition date on a nonrecurring basis using Level 3 inputs.

 

The Company is required to measure certain assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis after initial recognition. These include goodwill, intangible assets, and long-lived assets, which are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as a result of impairment reviews and any resulting impairment charge. Impairment is assessed annually in the fourth quarter or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the reporting unit or assets below the carrying value, as described below. The fair value of the reporting unit or asset groups is determined primarily using cost and market approaches (Level 3).

 

Deferred transaction costs

 

Deferred transaction costs consist of direct legal, accounting and other fees relating to the Grindr Group’s anticipated merger with a special purpose acquisition company (the “Merger”). These costs are capitalized as incurred in other current assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets and will be expensed or charged to members’ equity upon the completion of the Merger. In the event the Merger is terminated, deferred transaction costs will be expensed in that period. Deferred transaction costs as of September 30, 2022 were $8,086. There were no deferred transaction costs as of December 31, 2021.

 

26

 

 

Modification of equity classified award

 

On the modification date, the Company determines the type of modification of the equity award by assessing whether the equity awards are probable or improbable to vest before and after the modification. The Company estimates the fair value of the awards immediately before and immediately after modification for those equity awards that are probable of vesting before and after the modification. Any incremental increase in fair value is recognized as an expense immediately to the extent the underlying equity awards are vested and on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period using the related expense attribution method to the extent that they are unvested. For equity awards that are improbable of vesting before the modification and probable of vesting after the modification, the Company recognizes expense measured as the fair value of the modified award on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period using the related expense attribution method based on the fair value of the awards at the modification date.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

Revenue is recognized when or as a customer obtains control of promised services. The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration which the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for these services.

 

The Company derives substantially all of its revenue from subscription revenue and advertising revenue. As permitted under the practical expedient available under ASU 2014-09, the Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for (i) contracts with an original expected length of one year or less, (ii) contracts with variable consideration that is allocated entirely to unsatisfied performance obligations or to a wholly unsatisfied promise accounted for under the series guidance, and (iii) contracts for which the Company recognizes revenue for the amount at which the Company has the right to invoice for services performed.

 

Direct Revenue

 

Direct revenue consists of subscription revenue. Subscription revenue is generated through the sale of monthly subscriptions that are currently offered in one, three, six, and twelve-month lengths. Subscription revenue is presented net of taxes, credits, and chargebacks. Subscribers pay in advance, primarily through mobile app stores, and, subject to certain conditions identified in the Company’s terms and conditions, generally all purchases are final and nonrefundable. Revenue is initially deferred and is recognized using the straight-line method over the term of the applicable subscription period.

 

Indirect Revenue

 

Indirect revenue consists of advertising revenue and other non-direct revenue. The Company has contractual relationships with advertising service providers and also directly with advertisers to display advertisements in the Grindr app. For all advertising arrangements, the Company’s performance obligation is to provide the inventory for advertisements to be displayed in the Grindr app. For contracts made directly with advertisers, the Company is also obligated to serve the advertisements in the Grindr app. Providing the advertising inventory and serving the advertisement is considered a single performance obligation, as the advertiser cannot benefit from the advertising space without its advertisements being displayed.

 

The pricing and terms for all advertising arrangements are governed by either a master contract or insertion order. The transaction price in advertising arrangements is generally the product of the number of advertising units delivered (e.g., impressions, offers completed, videos viewed, etc.) and the contractually agreed upon price per advertising unit. Further, for advertising transactions with advertising service providers, the contractually agreed upon price per advertising unit is generally based on the Company’s revenue share or fixed revenue rate as stated in the contract. The number of advertising units delivered is determined at the end of each month, which resolves any uncertainty in the transaction price during the reporting period.

 

Account Receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts

 

The majority of app users access the Company’s services through mobile app stores. The Company evaluates the credit worthiness of these two mobile app stores on an ongoing basis and does not require collateral from these entities. Accounts receivable also include amounts billed and currently due from advertising customers. The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts to provide for the estimated amount of accounts receivable that will not be collected. The allowance for doubtful accounts is based upon a number of factors, including the length of time accounts receivable are past due, the Company’s previous loss history, and the specific customer’s ability to pay its obligation. 

27

 

The accounts receivable balances, net of allowances, were $18,433 and $17,885 as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The opening balance of accounts receivable, net of allowances, was $11,833 as of January 1, 2021.

 

Contract Liabilities

 

Deferred revenue consists of advance payments that are received or are contractually due in advance of the Company’s performance. The Company classifies subscription deferred revenue as current and recognizes revenue ratably over the terms of the applicable subscription period or expected completion of the performance obligation which range from one to twelve months. The deferred revenue balances were $18,732 and $20,077 as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The opening balance of deferred revenue balance was $13,530 as of January 1, 2021.

 

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recognized $2,406 and $18,848 of revenue that was included in the deferred revenue balance as of December 31, 2021. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company recognized $1,823 and $13,978 of revenue that was included in the deferred revenue balance as of December 31, 2020.

 

Disaggregation of Revenue

 

The following tables summarizes revenue from contracts with customers for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively:

 

    Three Months Ended
September 30,
    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
    2022     2021     2022     2021  
Direct revenue   $ 43,209     $ 30,537     $ 118,364     $ 80,733  
Indirect revenue     7,193       7,712       22,123       20,079  
    $ 50,402     $ 38,249     $ 140,487     $ 100,812  

 

    Three Months Ended
September 30,
    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
    2022     2021     2022     2021  
United States   $ 31,127     $ 23,531     $ 87,876     $ 63,533  
United Kingdom     3,752       3,127       10,457       7,753  
Rest of the world     15,523       11,591       42,154       29,526  
    $ 50,402     $ 38,249     $ 140,487     $ 100,812  

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

As an “emerging growth company”, the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (“JOBS Act”), allows the Company to delay adoption of new or revised pronouncement applicable to public companies until such pronouncements are made applicable to private companies. The Company has elected to use the adoption dates applicable to private companies. As a result, the Company’s financial statements may not be comparable to the financial statements of issuers who are required to comply with the effective date for new or revised accounting standards that are applicable to public companies.

 

In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers, which amends the accounting for contract assets acquired and contract liabilities assumed from contracts with customers in business combinations. The amendment requires an acquirer in a business combination to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities in accordance with ASC Topic 606, resulting in a shift from previous guidance which required similar assets and liabilities to be accounted for at fair value at the acquisition date. For public business entities, the guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. For all other entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The amendments in this Update should be applied prospectively to business combinations occurring on or after the effective date of the amendments. While the Company is continuing to assess the timing of adoption and potential impact of this guidance it does not expect the guidance to have a material effect, if any, on its condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. The Company will continue to evaluate the impact of this guidance upon the occurrence of future acquisitions. 

28

 

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting, which provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions that reference London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform. This guidance is optional for a limited period of time through December 31, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this guidance may have as it relates to arrangements that reference LIBOR on its condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

 

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The guidance in this ASU supersedes the leasing guidance in Topic 840, Leases. Under the new guidance, lessees are required to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheets for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the statement of operations. The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, and interim periods within those fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. The primary effect of the adoption of ASU No. 2016-02 will be the recognition of a right of use asset and related liability to reflect the Company’s rights and obligations under its operating leases. The Company will also be required to provide the additional disclosures stipulated in ASU No. 2016-02. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the requirements of ASU 2016-02 and does not expect the adoption to have a significant impact on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) and consolidated statements of cash flows. Upon adoption, there will be a material increase in total assets and total liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet due to the recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for the Company’s leases.

 

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which revises the measurement of credit losses for financial assets measured at amortized cost from an incurred loss methodology to an expected loss methodology. The standard requires entities to use a forward-looking approach based on expected losses to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments, including trade receivables, debt securities, net investment in leases, and most other financial assets that represent a right to receive cash. Additional disclosures about significant estimates and credit quality are also required. The FASB has subsequently issued updates to the standard to provide additional clarification on specific topics. The ASU is effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on its financial statements.

 

3. Income Tax

 

In determining the quarterly provisions for income taxes, the Company uses the annual estimated effective tax rate applied to the actual year-to-date income (loss), adjusted for discrete items arising in that quarter. In addition, the effect of changes in enacted tax laws or rates and tax status is recognized in the interim period in which the change occurs.

 

    Three Months Ended
September 30,
          Nine Months Ended
September 30,
       
    2022     2021     Change     2022     2021     Change  
Income tax provision   $ (2,485 )   $ (1,079 )   $ (1,406 )   $ (1,192 )   $ (5,019 )   $ 3,827  
Effective tax rate     39.79 %     24.18 %     15.61 %     6.03 %     23.71 %     (17.68 )%

 

The Company is subject to taxation in the U.S. and various states jurisdictions. ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”) indicates that the statutory income tax rate of a foreign reporting entity be used when preparing the rate reconciliation disclosure. As such, the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries use the statutory income tax rate in the Cayman Islands, which is 0%. The change in the effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 when compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, was primarily attributable to the change in pre-tax earnings, U.S. federal and state income taxes, unit-based compensation, foreign derived intangible income deduction and other permanent differences.

29

 

The computation of the estimated annual effective income rate at each interim period requires certain estimates and assumptions including, but not limited to, the expected pre-tax income (or loss) for the year, projections of the proportion of income (and/or loss) earned and tax in foreign jurisdictions and permanent and temporary differences. The accounting estimates used to compute the provision or benefit for income taxes may change as new events occur, additional information is obtained or the Company’s tax environment changes. To the extent that the estimated annual effective income tax rate changes during a quarter, the effect of the change on prior quarters is included in the income tax provision in the quarter in which the change occurs.

 

The Company remains subject to examination for federal and state income tax purposes for the tax years ending 2016 and forward. The Company does not anticipate a significant change in its uncertain tax benefits over the next 12 months.

 

4. Other Current Assets

 

Other current assets consist of the following:

 

    September 30,
2022
    December 31,
2021
 
Deferred transaction costs   $ 8,086     $  
Income tax receivable           3,274  
Other current assets     1       34  
    $ 8,087     $ 3,308  

 

5. Promissory Note from a Related Party

 

On April 27, 2021, Catapult GP II LLC (“Catapult GP II”), a related party wherein certain members of Catapult GP II are executives of the Company’s subsidiary, Grindr Group, purchased 5,387,194 common units of Grindr Group. In conjunction with the common units purchased, Grindr Group entered into a full recourse promissory note with Catapult GP II with a face value of $30,000 (the “Note”). The Note, including all unpaid interest, is to be repaid the earlier of 1) the tenth anniversary of the Note, 2) upon the completion of a liquidity event, or 3) upon completion of an initial public offering or a special-purpose acquisition company transaction. The Note bears interest at 10% per annum on a straight-line basis.

 

The total amount outstanding on the Note, including interest, was $30,481 and $32,038 as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The Note and the related accrued interest are reflected as a reduction to equity in the condensed consolidated statements of members’ equity.

 

6. Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

 

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consist of the following:

 

    September 30,
2022
    December 31,
2021
 
Settlement payable of incentive units on 2016 Plan   $ 2,108     $ 1,060  
Income, sales and other taxes payable     2,677       631  
Accrued professional service fees     1,452       184  
Accrued legal expenses     1,185       196  
Accrued infrastructure expenses     567        
Employee compensation and benefits     477       320  
Settlement payable to a former director of Grindr Group     406       204  
Deferred rent     362       196  
Other accrued expenses     1,162       715  
    $ 10,396     $ 3,506  

 

30

 

7. Debt

 

Total debt for the Company is comprised of the following:

 

    September 30,
2022
    December 31,
2021
 
Credit Agreement                
Current   $ 5,040     $ 3,840  
Non-current     192,900       136,320  
      197,940       140,160  
Less: unamortized debt issuance costs     (3,237 )     (3,041 )
    $ 194,703     $ 137,119  

 

On June 10, 2020, Grindr Gap LLC and Grindr Capital LLC, wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company, entered into a credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) which permitted the Company to borrow up to $192,000.

 

Borrowings under the agreement are collateralized by the capital stock and assets of certain wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company. The Company’s obligation under the Credit Agreement is guaranteed by certain of the Company’s wholly owned subsidiaries.

 

Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are payable in full on June 10, 2025 with mandatory principal repayments beginning in the first quarter of 2021. Mandatory repayments are equal to 0.50% of the original principal amount of the Credit Agreement. The Company is also required to make mandatory prepayments of the Credit Agreement, commencing with the fiscal year ending December 31, 2020, equal to a defined percentage rate (determined based on the Company’s leverage ratio) of excess cash flows. No such prepayment was required for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021.

 

Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are Index Rate Loans or LIBOR Rate Loans, at the Company’s discretion. Index Rate Loans bear interest at Index Rate plus applicable margin based on the consolidated total leverage ratio, or 7%. LIBOR Rate Loans bear interest at LIBOR Rate plus an applicable margin based on the consolidated total leverage ratio, or 8%. The interest rates in effect as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 were 10.3% and 9.5%, respectively, based on the LIBOR Rate.

 

The Credit Agreement also required the Company to make a lump-sum principal repayment in the amount equal to $48,000 plus related accrued interest on or before February 28, 2021. This repayment date was amended to November 30, 2021 based on the first amendment to the Credit Agreement entered into on February 25, 2021. In addition to the mandatory repayment, the Company was required to pay a premium of 10% of the principal repayment, or $4,800, together with the mandatory lump-sum principal repayment.

 

The premium was accrued over the term of the Credit Agreement through the initial repayment date in February 2021. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, $1,118 of the premium was accrued and recognized as interest expense in “Interest expense, net” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The Company paid the mandatory lump-sum principal and premium in November 2021.

 

On June 13, 2022, a second amendment to the Credit Agreement was entered into which allowed the Company to borrow an additional $60,000, which the Company drew in conjunction with the closing of the amendment. The second amendment to the Credit Agreement was accounted for as a debt modification. The Company capitalized and paid debt issuance costs totaling $955 in conjunction with the second amendment. The borrowing under the second amendment has the same terms as the Credit Agreement and is payable in full on June 10, 2025.

 

The obligations under the Credit Agreement are subject to automatic acceleration upon a voluntary or involuntary bankruptcy event of default and are subject to acceleration at the election of the lenders upon the continuance of any other event of default, including a material adverse change in the business, operations or conditions of the Company, or SVA’s default on the Deferred Payment resulting from the Company’s acquisition of Grindr, Inc. from Kunlun. A default interest rate of an additional 2% per annum will apply on all outstanding obligations during the occurrence and continuance of an event of default. If an event of default occurs on or prior to June 10, 2022, an additional premium will be charged equal to all unpaid interest that would have accrued until the date that is 24 months after the inception of the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement includes restrictive non-financial and financial covenants, including the requirement to maintain a total leverage ratio no greater than 4.75:1.00 prior to and through March 31, 2022, and no greater than 3.25:1.00 thereafter. As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company was in compliance with the financial debt covenants. 

31

 

The fair value of the Deferred Payment balance was measured by the discounted cash flow method using observable market data consisting of interest rates based on institutions with similar credit ratings, which the Company classifies as a Level 2 input within the fair value hierarchy. The Deferred Payment does not bear any interest, with $75,000 payable on the second anniversary of the closing date and $155,000 payable on the third anniversary of the closing date. The estimated fair value of the Deferred Payment as of September 30, 2022 was $137,136 and as of December 31, 2021 the carrying value of the Deferred Payment approximated the fair value.

 

The fair values of the Company’s Credit Agreement balances were measured by the discounted cash flow method or comparing their prepayment values and observable market data consisting of interest rates based on similar credit ratings, which the Company classifies as a Level 2 input within the fair value hierarchy. The estimated fair value of the Credit Agreement balances as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 was $189,746 and $142,963, respectively.

 

8. Commitments and Contingencies

 

Litigation

 

From time to time, the Company is subject to various legal proceedings and claims, either asserted or unasserted, that arise in the ordinary course of business. Litigation can be expensive and disruptive to normal business operations. Moreover, the results of complex legal proceedings are difficult to predict, and the Company’s view of these matters may change in the future as the litigation and events related thereto unfold. The Company expenses legal fees as incurred. The Company records a provision for contingent losses when it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Currently, it is too early to determine the outcome and probability of any legal proceedings and whether they would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business. As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, there were no amounts accrued that the Company believes would be material to its financial position.

 

In January 2020, the Norwegian Consumer Council (“NCC”) submitted three complaints to the Norwegian Data Protection Authority, (“NDPA”). Datatilsynet, under Article 77(1) of the General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) against the following parties: (1) Grindr and AdColony; (2) Grindr, Twitter, AppNexus, and OpenX; and (3) Grindr, and Smaato. The complaints reference a report entitled “Out Of Control: How consumers are exploited by the online advertising industry”. The NCC argued that (1) the Company lacks valid consent for data sharing, (2) the Company shares personal data under Article 9 and does not have a legal basis for processing personal data under article 9, and (3) the Company does not provide clear information about data sharing, which infringes the principle of transparency in Article (5)(1)(a) GDPR. In April 2020, the Company received an Order to Provide Information from the Datatilsynet. The Company responded to this Order and provided information to Datatilsynet in May 2020. In January 2021, the Datatilsynet sent the Company an “Advance notification of an administrative fine” of 100,000 NOK (the equivalent of approximately $9,300 using the exchange rate as of September 30, 2022) for an alleged infringement of the GDPR. This was notice of a proposed fine to which Grindr was entitled to respond before Datatilsynet made a final decision. Datatilsynet alleged (i) that Grindr disclosed personal data to third party advertisers without a legal basis in violation of Article 6(1) GDPR and (ii) that Grindr disclosed special category personal data to third party advertisers without a valid exemption from the prohibition in Article 9(1) GDPR. Grindr responded to the Advance notification on March 8, 2021, to contest the draft findings and fine. A redacted copy of Grindr’s response was made public. On April 29, 2021, Datatilsynet issued its Order To Provide Information - Grindr - Data Processors, asking, among other things, whether Grindr considered certain ad tech partners to be processors or controllers. Datatilsynet later extended the deadline to respond to June 2, 2021, and Grindr sent a response to Datatilsynet on that date. On October 11, 2021, Datatilsynet sent the Company a letter concerning Grindr’s reply to the Advance notification. In the letter, Datatilsynet clarified that the Advance notification only “pertains to data subjects on Norwegian territory,” and advised the Company of two additional complaints that had been filed (one in March 2021 and the other in September 2021) with Datatilsynet by the Norwegian Consumer Council. Datatilsynet requested any further comments or remarks to the Advance notification by November 1, 2021, but later extended the deadline to November 19, 2021. On November 19, 2021, Grindr served a response to Datatilsynet’s October 11, 2021 letter. On November 26, 2021, Datatilsynet requested any redactions to the response based upon the expectation that third parties may request a copy of Grindr’s November 19, 2021 response, and Grindr proposed redactions on the same day.

 

32

In December 2021, Datatilsynet issued a reduced administrative fine against the Company in the amount of 65,000 NOK, or approximately $6,045 using the exchange rate as of September 30, 2022, with an extended deadline for the Company to appeal through February 14, 2022. On February 14, 2022, Grindr filed an appeal brief with the DPA. Grindr is not aware when Datatilsynet will take additional action in this matter. It is too early to determine the probability of there being any further proceedings, the outcome of any such proceedings, and whether such proceedings may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, including because of the uncertainty of (i) the ultimate amount of the fine imposed, and (ii) whether Grindr may determine to appeal or further contest the fine. As a result, an estimate of the ultimate loss cannot be made at this time. It is at least reasonably possible that a change in the administrative fine may occur in the near term.

 

In Summer of 2018, Grindr was informed by multiple State Attorneys General (the “Multistate”) that the Multistate was opening a formal investigation into the Company’s sharing of users’ HIV status and last tested date with third parties, and its security and processing of user geolocation information. Since August 2018 the Company has responded to multiple requests for information. In November 2020, the Multistate contacted the Company with its expected claims and findings and general proposed settlement terms that included a settlement of $11,000. The Company responded in February 2021 by providing the Multistate with a white paper detailing why the Multistate’s claims are factually and legally deficient. The Company also met with the Multistate and presented its arguments via a presentation. In May 2021, the Multistate contacted Grindr to request an extension of the tolling agreement from June 1, 2021 to October 1, 2021. On May 30, 2021, Grindr entered into a tolling agreement extension with the State Attorneys General of Arkansas, Indiana, New Jersey, North Carolina, Oregon, Vermont, and Washington, extending the tolling agreement from June 1, 2021 to August 1, 2021. In June 2021, the New Jersey Attorney General served supplemental requests on Grindr seeking, among other things, additional information related to matters discussed in Grindr’s February 2021 white paper, as well as documents regarding submissions made by Grindr to Datatilsynet. In July 2021, Grindr served initial responses and objections to the New Jersey Attorney General’s supplemental requests and subsequently agreed to an extension of the tolling agreement from August 1, 2021 to October 1, 2021. Since that time, the New Jersey Attorney General agreed to limit the scope of the supplemental requests, and Grindr agreed to provide certain information in response to the supplemental requests. In addition, Grindr agreed to enter into an additional tolling agreement extension with the State Attorneys General of Arkansas, Indiana, New Jersey, North Carolina, Oregon, Vermont, and Washington, extending the tolling agreement from October 1, 2021 to March 31, 2022. On March 16, 2022, May 27, 2022 and July 5, 2022, Grindr entered into an additional extensions of the tolling agreement with the Attorneys General until May 30, 2022, June 30, 2022 and September 1, 2022. In October 2021, Grindr served an initial response to the New Jersey Attorney General’s supplemental requests, with additional responses to supplemental requests served in November and December 2021. In January 2022, Grindr submitted responses to the New Jersey Attorney General’s follow-up questions regarding the Company’s inquiry in response to The Pillar blog. On October 6, 2022, the Company was advised by the Multistate that the investigation has been closed without action and with no further action anticipated. See Note 12 for additional information.

 

In December 2020, Grindr was named in a statement of claim and petition for certification of a class action in Israel (Israeli Central District Court). The statement of claims generally alleges that Grindr violated users’ privacy by sharing information with third parties without their explicit consent. The petitioner asserts several causes of action under Israeli law, including privacy breaches, unlawful enrichment, and negligence, as well as causes of action under California law, including privacy violations under the California Constitution and California common law, negligence, violation of the Unfair Competition Law, and unjust enrichment. The statement of claims seeks various forms of monetary, declaratory, and injunctive relief, in addition to certification as a class action. In June 2021, the petitioner attempted service of the statement of claims and the associated filings (all in translated form as required under applicable law) on Grindr. In November 2021, Grindr filed an initial response to the plaintiff’s Statement of Claim challenging the effectiveness of service. The plaintiff then filed opposition to Grindr’s service-related motion, raising a series of technical challenges. During the Israeli court hearing in January 2022, the Israeli court directed the plaintiff to start the service process from the beginning by seeking court permission to pursue international service on Grindr. On February 8, 2022, the Court formally permitted the Plaintiff, in ex parte, to serve the Company outside the jurisdiction. The Company should file its response to the Motion for certification (and/or preliminary jurisdictional motions) within 90 days from the date it is served. On March 30, 2022, Grindr received a package via U.S. Mail with the case documents. Grindr’s local Israeli counsel is preparing a motion seeking the court’s preliminary ruling on the question of applicable law. On July 5, 2022, the Company filed a motion to determine the governing law. Grindr believes that the claims lack merit, and it continues to consider and evaluate an appropriate response. At this time, this matter remains in its nascent stages, and it is too early to determine the likely outcome of this proceeding or whether the proceeding may ultimately have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, including because of the uncertainty of (i) whether Grindr will incur a loss, (ii) if a loss is incurred, what the amount of that loss may be, and (iii) whether Grindr may determine to appeal or further contest the loss.

 

33

9. Distributions

 

On June 10, 2022, the Board of Managers of Grindr Group, a subsidiary of the Company, approved a special distribution of $0.75 per unit of Grindr Group Series X Ordinary Units, amounting to $83,313 to Series X Ordinary Unit holders as of the close of business on June 10, 2022. The distribution was partially paid in June 2022, and the balance was fully paid in July 2022.

 

10. Unit-based Compensation

 

The unit-based compensation expense is related to the grant of unit options and restricted units granted under the Grindr Group 2020 Plan and the grant of SVE’s Series P Units to Catapult Goliath LLC (“Catapult Goliath”), a related party that liquidated prior to the Closing and distributed its holdings to its members, some of whom were former officers of the Company. The unit-based compensation expense for SVE’s Series P Units has been recorded in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements with a corresponding credit to equity as noncontrolling interest.

 

Grindr Group 2020 Plan

 

Unit options

 

The following table summarizes the key input assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to estimate the fair value of unit options granted for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021:

 

    Nine Months Ended September 30,  
    2022     2021  
Expected life of units (in years)(1)     4.57 - 4.61       4.55 - 4.61  
Expected unit price volatility(2)     56.39% - 60.87%       48.20% - 56.46%  
Risk free interest rate(3)     1.37% - 3.05%       0.32% - 0.78%  
Expected dividend yield(4)     —%
    —%  
Weighted average grant-date fair value per unit of unit options granted     $2.75 - $5.81       $1.80 - $2.17  
Fair value per common unit     $5.89 - $11.13       $4.50 - $4.98  
(1) The expected term for award is determined using the simplified method, which estimates the expected term using the contractual life of the option and the vesting period.
(2) Expected volatility is based on historical volatilities of a publicly traded per group over a period equivalent to the expected term of the awards
(3) The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield of treasury bonds with a maturity that approximates the expected term of the awards
(4) Prior to June 10, 2022, Grindr Group has not historically paid cash dividends on its common units. On June 10, 2022, Grindr Group’s Board of Managers approved a special distribution as described in Note 9, and does not expect to pay any normal course cash dividends on its common units in the foreseeable future.

 

34

 

The following table summarizes the unit option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2022:

 

   

Number of 

Options 

   

Weighted 

Average 

Exercise 

Price 

 
Outstanding at December 31, 2021     3,442,397     $ 4.96  
Granted     867,050     $ 10.37  
Exercised     (240,205 )   $ 4.73  
Forfeited     (886,519 )   $ 4.63  
Outstanding at September 30, 2022     3,182,723     $ 6.56  

 

San Vicente Equity Joint Venture LLC (“SVE”) Series P Profit Units (“Series P”)

 

A summary of Series P Units activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 is presented below:

 

   

Number of 

Units 

   

Weighted 

Average Fair 

Value(1) 

 
Unvested at December 31, 2021     4,306,636     $ 2.07  
Vested     (3,293,464 )   $ 5.36  
Unvested at September 30, 2022     1,013,172     $ 7.32  

 

(1) The weighted average fair value for unvested Series P units at December 31, 2021 is based on the grant date fair value. The weighted average fair value of the vested Series P units in 2022 and the unvested Series P units at September 30, 2022 considered the remeasured fair value of Series P upon modification (discussed below).

 

There were no Series P units granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021.

 

Modification of Series P Units

 

On May 9, 2022, SVE and Catapult Goliath entered into an agreement to amend the vesting requirement for the Series P Units (the “Modification”). Under the Modification, the Series P Units performance-based vesting target was amended to time-based vesting and the Series P Units will vest as follows: (1) 40% immediately as of the date of modification (the “First Tranches”), and (2) 20% each on June 30, 2022, September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2022 (the “Second Tranches”). Additionally, the requisite services under the consulting agreement have been removed as a condition to vesting.

 

The vesting requirements for the First Tranches originally consisted of requisite services under a consulting agreement and performance-based targets, and all performance-based targets were met. As such, the Company accounted for the modification in the First Tranches as a Type I modification (probable to probable). As the modification only results in the acceleration of service-based vesting and does not involve any other changes, there was no incremental fair value upon modification. The Company recognized $2,285 incremental unit-based compensation during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 for the First Tranches as it relates to the units vested immediately upon the date of modification.

 

The vesting requirements for the Second Tranches originally consisted of requisite services under a consulting agreement and performance-based targets, and all performance-based targets were not met. As such, the Company accounted for the modification in the Second Tranches as a Type III modification (improbable to probable). This Type III modification results in a remeasured fair value of $7.32 per share. The remeasured fair value was determined by a probability weighted expected return method by weighting between a going concern scenario valued using the Option Pricing Method and a reverse merger scenario value using the equity value in the merger agreement. The incremental aggregate unit-based compensation related to the modification was $22,249. The Company recognized $19,217 of incremental unit-based compensation expense during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 for the Second Tranches.

 

Prior to the Closing, Catapult Goliath was liquidated and distributed its holdings to its members, some of whom were former officers of the Company.



35

Unit-based compensation information

 

The following table summarizes unit-based compensation expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively:

 

    Three Months Ended
September 30,
    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
    2022     2021     2022     2021  
Selling, general and administrative expenses   $ 9,435     $ 593     $ 22,870     $ 1,623  
Product development expenses     251       71       483       183  
    $ 9,686     $ 664     $ 23,353     $ 1,806  

 

Unit-based compensation expense that was capitalized as an asset was $54 and $32 for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Unit-based compensation expense that was capitalized as an asset was $108 and $78 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

 

11. Related Parties

 

For the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company paid advisor fees and out-of-pocket expenses amounting to $175 and $262 to two individuals who hold ownership interest in the Company, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company paid advisor fees and out-of-pocket expenses amounting to $606 and $644 to two individuals who hold ownership interest in the Company, respectively.

 

See Note 5 and Note 10 for additional related party transactions with Catapult GP II and Catapult Goliath.

 

36


12. Subsequent Events

 

The Company has evaluated subsequent events through November 23, 2022, the date the condensed consolidated financial statements were available to be issued and concluded that no subsequent events have occurred that would require recognition in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements or disclosures in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements herein, other than already discussed in the notes above and below.

On October 6, 2022, the Company was advised by the Multistate that the investigation discussed in Note 8 has been closed without action and with no further action anticipated. While this particular investigation concluded in the Company’s favor, the Company may in the future be the subject of similar types of investigations or proceedings, which could result in substantial costs and a diversion of the Company’s management’s attention and resources.

On October 14, 2022, a new entity, San Vicente Investments II, Inc. (“SV Investments II”) was formed. On October 21, 2022, San Vicente Investments, Inc. (“SV Investments”) contributed its 100% ownership interest in San Vicente Offshore Holdings (Cayman) Limited (“SV Cayman”) in exchange for the issuance of 100% of the share capital of SV Investments II to it, resulting in SV Cayman being wholly owned by SV Investments II and SV Investments becoming the indirect owner of 100% of SV Cayman. The creation of SV Investments II and subscription in shares in SV Investments II in exchange for ownership interests of SV Cayman is a common control transaction. SV Investments II and SV Cayman have a common parent, SV Investments, since their inception dates. As a shell company, SV Investments II has no other assets, liabilities or activities of its own. The transfer of SV Cayman ownership interests to SV Investments II is accounted for by SV Investments II on October 21, 2022, when the transfer was effective.

Grindr Group and Tiga Acquisition Corp., a special purpose acquisition company (“Tiga” or the “SPAC”), entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) on May 9, 2022. On November 1, 2022, Grindr Group and Tiga announced that the Securities and Exchange Commission had declared effective the Form S-4 in connection with the Merger Agreement. On November 18, 2022, following the approval of the stockholders at Tiga at its Extraordinary General Meeting held on November 15, 2022, pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, Grindr Group and Tiga completed the closing of the transaction contemplated by the Merger Agreement (the “Closing”). The transaction provided Grindr Group with $105,094 of gross proceeds. Upon Closing, the combined company was renamed Grindr Inc. and is trading on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker “GRND”. The transaction is accounted for as a reverse recapitalization and Grindr Group has been determined to be the accounting acquirer.

On November 14, 2022, Grindr Gap LLC and Grindr Capital LLC, wholly owned subsidiaries of Grindr Group entered into an amendment to the Credit Agreement which allowed Grindr Group to borrow multiple term loans (the “Amendment”). The term loans have the following maximum commitment amounts, $140,800 (“Supplemental Facility I”), and $30,000 (“Supplemental Facility II”). On November 14, 2022 and November 17, 2022, Grindr Group fully committed the full amount for Supplemental Facility I and Supplemental Facility II, respectively. The debt issuance costs related to the Amendment is $3,387 and $750 for Supplemental Facility I and Supplemental Facility II, respectively. All borrowings under the Amendment bear interest at the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”), with an applicable floor, plus an applicable margin as determined by Grindr Group’s net leverage ratio. For Supplemental Facility I, Grindr Group is required to make quarterly amortization payments of $704 on the next business day of the end of each March, June, September and December, beginning in June 2023, with the remaining aggregate principal amount payable on the maturity date on November 14, 2027 (“Supplemental Facility I Maturity Date”). The Supplemental Facility I Maturity Date may be accelerated if certain loans in the existing Credit Agreement or Supplemental Facility II are not repaid on or before their respectively maturity dates. For Supplemental Facility II, Grindr Group is required to make amortization payments of $7,500 on the next business day of the end of June 2023 and December 2023, with the remaining aggregate principal amount payable on the maturity date on May 17, 2024.

On November 14, 2022, ahead of the close of the transaction described above, the Board of Managers of Grindr Group approved a distribution of $2.55 per unit of Series X Ordinary Units of Grindr Group, amounting to $283,801 to Series X Ordinary Unit holders as of the close of business on November 14, 2022 (the “Distribution”). As part of the Distribution, $155,000 was issued to Group Holdings in the form of a promissory note (the “Promissory Note”) on November 15, 2022. The Promissory Note, which would bear interest at 4.03% per annum beginning thirty days after issuance, was to be repaid no later than January 15, 2023 with all accrued interest. Group Holdings in turn issued promissory notes to its parent companies SVE and SVG totaling $155,000, SVE in turn issued a promissory note for its pro rata portion to SVG, and SVG issued a promissory note in the amount of $155,000 to San Vicente Parent LLC (a wholly owned subsidiary of SV Cayman, “SV Parent”). In addition, Catapult GP II elected to apply a portion of its distribution totaling $13,737 as a partial payment of the Note described in Note 5, in the amount of $12,020, which comprised $1,280 of the accrued interest and $10,740 of the principal. The Distribution, excluding any amounts related to the items described above, was paid on various dates in November 2022.

On November 15, 2022, Tiga Sponsor LLC (the “SPAC Sponsor”) assigned the rights and obligations under a forward purchase agreement (“FPA”) to SV Parent for $100,000 consideration. The FPA provided for the purchase of an aggregate of 5,000,000 Class A ordinary shares, plus an aggregate of 2,500,000 redeemable warrants to purchase one Class A ordinary share at $11.50 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $50,000, or $10.00 per Class A ordinary share. Pursuant to the FPA, the forward purchaser was also granted an option to subscribe, in the forward purchaser’s sole discretion, for an additional 5,000,000 Class A ordinary shares plus an additional 2,500,000 redeemable warrants to purchase one Class A ordinary share at $11.50 per share, for an additional purchase price of $50,000, or $10.00 per Class A ordinary share. In addition, on November 15, 2022, SV Parent transferred $100,000 cash to the SPAC trust account, which was released on November 18, 2022 to Grindr Inc. as an equity contribution. In consideration for Grindr Group’s assumption of SV Parent’s rights to receive the securities issuable by the SPAC Sponsor under the FPA, Grindr Group issued 7,127,896 Series X Ordinary Units to SV Cayman and entered into that certain warrant agreement with SV Cayman, pursuant to which, SV Cayman was entitled to purchase 3,563,948 Series X Ordinary Units of Grindr Group at a purchase price per share of $16.13. Such warrant and the Series X Ordinary Units were ultimately exchanged at the Closing into shares of Grindr Inc. Common Stock and a warrant to purchase shares of Grindr Inc. Common Stock in accordance with the terms of the Merger Agreement.

On November 16, 2022, SVE was liquidated and Group Holdings, SVG, SVA, SV Parent, SV Cayman, and SV Investments II merged down with and into Grindr Group. The mergers up to the SV Parent level resulted in all of the intercompany promissory notes being canceled, and the merger of SV Parent into Grindr Group resulted in Grindr Group assuming the $155,000 Deferred Payment to Kunlun with a carrying value of $142,750 as of November 16, 2022. On November 17, 2022, SV Investments distributed all of its interest and warrants in Grindr Group to San Vicente Holdings LLC, which subsequently distributed all of its interest and warrants in Grindr Group to its equity holders. The accounting treatment for each of these transactions is reflected as a contribution of assets and liabilities between entities under common control, which does not result in a change in reporting entity requiring retrospective restatement of the historical financial statements.

In accordance with newly executed agreements between Grindr Group and Kunlun, the Deferred Payment liability is to be settled within 10 business days of the Closing. Upon the settlement of the Deferred Payment liability, the difference between the carrying value of the Deferred Payment, at the time of settlement, and the $155,000 obligation will be recognized as a loss on extinguishment of debt in the period it is extinguished.


37