UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 20-F
 
(Mark One)
 
 
  o
REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
OR
 
  x
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006
 
OR
 
   o
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the transition period from ________________ to ___________________
 
OR
 
   o
SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
Date of event requiring this shell company report _______________
 
Commission file number: 001-33176
 
Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd.  
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
 

(Translation of Registrant’s name into English)
 
Cayman Islands
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
 
No. 387 Dongming Road
Weifang Shandong
People’s Republic of China, Postal Code: 261061
(Address of principal executive offices)
 

 
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act.
 
Title of each class
 
Name of each exchange on which registered
Ordinary Shares
 
NASDAQ Global Market
     
 
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act.
 
None
(Title of Class)
 
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act.
 
None
(Title of Class)
 
As of March 29, 2007 , there were 13,062,500 ordinary shares outstanding.
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
 
o Yes          x   No

If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
 
o   Yes           x No
 
Note - Checking the box will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
 
x Yes           o No
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer   o    Accelerated filer   o    Non-accelerated filer   x

Indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow
 
o  Item 17     x Item 18

If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
 
                                  o   Yes           x No
 

 
SPECIAL NOTE ON FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS  
 
This Annual Report contains many statements that are “forward-looking” and uses forward-looking terminology such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “expect,” “estimate,” “future,” “intend,” “may,” “ought to,” “plan,” “should,” “will,” negatives of such terms or other similar statements. You should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statement due to its inherent risk and uncertainties, both general and specific. Although we believe the assumptions on which the forward-looking statements are based are reasonable and within the bounds of our knowledge of our business and operations as of the date of this annual report, any or all of those assumptions could prove to be inaccurate. As a result, the forward-looking statements based on those assumptions could also be incorrect. The forward-looking statements in this annual report include, without limitation, statements relating to:
 
 
·
our goals and strategies;
 
 
·
our future business development, results of operations and financial condition;
 
 
·
our ability to protect our intellectual property rights;
 
 
·
expected growth of and changes in the PRC BOPET film industry and in the demand for BOPET film products;
 
 
·
projected revenues, profits, earnings and other estimated financial information;
 
 
·
our ability to maintain and strengthen our position as a leading provider of BOPET film products in China;
 
 
·
our ability to maintain strong relationships with our customers and suppliers;
 
 
·
our planned use of proceeds;
 
 
·
effect of competition in China on demand for and price of our products and services; and
 
 
·
PRC governmental policies regarding our industry.
 
The forward-looking statements included in this Annual Report are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions about our businesses and business environments. These statements reflect our current views with respect to future events and are not a guarantee of future performance. Actual results of our operations may differ materially from information contained in the forward-looking statements as a result of risk factors some of which are described under “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Annual Report and include, among other things:
 
·
competition in the BOPET film industry;
 
·
growth of, and risks inherent in, the BOPET film industry in China;
 
·
uncertainty as to future profitability and our ability to obtain adequate financing for our planned capital expenditure requirements;
 
·
uncertainty as to our ability to continuously develop new BOPET film products and keep up with changes in BOPET film technology;
 
·
risks associated with possible defects and errors in our products;
 
·
uncertainty as to our ability to protect and enforce our intellectual property rights;
 
·
uncertainty as to our ability to attract and retain qualified executives and personnel; and
 
·
uncertainty in acquiring raw materials on time and on acceptable terms, particularly in view of the volatility in the prices of petroleum products in recent years.
 
2

 
These risks and uncertainties are not exhaustive. Other sections of this Annual Report include additional factors which could adversely impact our business and financial performance. The forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report speak only as of the date of this annual report or, if obtained from third-party studies or reports, the date of the corresponding study or report, and are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements in this Annual Report. Since we operate in an emerging and evolving environment and new risk factors and uncertainties emerge from time to time, you should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. Except as otherwise required by the securities laws of the United States, we undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Annual Report or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.
 
3

 
Introduction
 
This annual report on Form 20-F includes our audited consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2005 and 2006, and for the period from August 9, 2004 to December 31, 2004 and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006 , and the audited financial statements of Fuwei Films (Shandong) Co., Ltd. (the “Predecessor Company”) as of December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004 and for the periods from January 28, 2003 to December 31, 2003, and January 1, 2004 to October 26, 2004.
 
Our ordinary shares are listed on the Nasdaq Global Market, or NASDAQ, under the symbol “FFHL”.
 
Except as otherwise required and for purposes of this Annual Report only:
 
·
“Fuwei”, “Company”, “us” or “we” refer to Fuwei Films (Holding) Co., Ltd.. The term “you” refers to holders of our ordinary shares.
 
·
“China” or “PRC” and the “Chinese government” refer to the People’s Republic of China and its government.
 
·
All references to “Renminbi,” or “Rmb” are to the legal currency of China, all references to “U.S. dollars,” “dollars,” “$” or “US” are to the legal currency of the United States and all references to “Hong Kong dollars” or “HK$” are to the legal currency of Hong Kong. Any discrepancies in any table between totals and sums of the amounts listed are due to rounding.
 
PART I
 
Item 1. Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisers
 
Not Applicable.
 
Item 2. Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable
 
Not Applicable.
 
Item 3. Key Information
 
 
A.
Selected financial data.
 
The following selected financial data should be read in conjunction with Item 5 - the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the Financial Statements and Notes thereto included elsewhere in this Annual Report.
 
The selected financial data at December 31, 2005 and 2006 and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006 and for the period August 9, 2004 through December 31, 2004 have been prepared in accordance with U. S. GAAP, derived from and should be read with our audited consolidated financial statements, including notes to the consolidated financial statements, included in this Annual Report beginning on page F-1. The following selected operations data as of December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004 and for the period January 1, 2004 to October 26, 2004 and the period January 28, 2003 through December 31, 2003 have been derived from the audited financial statements of the Predecessor Company included in this Annual Report.
 
As described elsewhere in this Annual Report, on October 27, 2004, our wholly-owned subsidiary Fuwei Films (BVI) Co., Ltd. (“Fuwei (BVI)”) acquired all of the shares of Shandong Fuwei and Shandong Fuwei thereafter became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Fuwei (BVI). As a result of this transaction, our financial statements have been prepared with regard to Shandong Fuwei, as the predecessor company, for the period from January 28, 2003 until October 26, 2004 and with regard to the holding company for periods beginning on and after August 9, 2004. The periods prior to 2003 are not presented as Shandong Fuwei was incorporated on January 28, 2003. Certain factors that affect the comparability of the information set forth in the following table are described in the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and the Financial Statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this Annual Report.
 
4

 
   
Predecessor Company
 
Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd
 
   
January 28
(Date of
Inception) through December 31,
 
January 1
through
October 26,
 
August 9 through December 31,
 
Year Ended
December 31,
 
   
2003
 
2004
 
2004
 
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
(in thousands, except per share data)
 
(RMB)
 
(RMB)
 
(RMB)
 
(RMB)
 
(RMB)
 
(US$)
 
Statement of Operations Data:
                         
Revenues
   
95,070
   
286,114
   
81,364
   
346,205
   
436,884
   
55,981
 
Gross profit
   
28,357
   
78,950
   
17,326
   
87,115
   
102,543
   
13,140
 
                                       
Operating income
   
23,675
   
68,326
   
12,403
   
65, 999
   
78,017
   
9,997
 
Interest expense
   
(675
)
 
(7,291
)
 
(1,370
)
 
(13,747
)
 
(12,884
)
 
(1,651
)
                                       
Income before income taxes
   
23,460
   
61,557
   
13,811
   
57,069
   
68,422
   
8,767
 
                                       
Net income
   
23,001
   
61,531
   
14,099
   
57,128
   
67,665
   
8,670
 
Earnings per share
                                     
Basic
               
18,287
   
74,096
   
61.46
   
7.88
 
Diluted
               
18,287
   
74,096
   
61.37
   
7.86
 
Total cash dividend declared
   
15,300
   
41,766
                         
  
   
Predecessor Company  
 
Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd  
 
 
 
As of
December 31,
 
As of
October 26,
 
As of
December 31,
 
As of December 31,
 
 
 
2003
 
2004
 
  2004
 
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
(in thousands)  
(RMB)
 
(RMB)
 
(RMB)
 
(RMB)
 
(RMB)
 
(US$)
 
Balance Sheet Data:
                         
Cash
   
16,089
   
12,144
   
5,903
   
7,427
   
249,939
   
32,027
 
Accounts receivable, net
   
1,197
   
39,542
   
25,460
   
46,129
   
75,530
   
9,678
 
Inventories
   
26,533
   
26,365
   
18,032
   
24,887
   
23,783
   
3,048
 
Total current assets
   
95,885
   
163,446
   
72,288
   
93,349
   
371,687
   
47,627
 
Property, plant and equipment, net
   
177,814
   
204,804
   
304,600
   
303,596
   
317,690
   
40,708
 
Total assets
   
289,283
   
383,532
   
407,005
   
440,361
   
738,082
   
94,576
 
Short-term bank loans
   
156,000
   
199,600
   
200,590
   
248,046
   
239,678
   
30,712
 
Total current liabilities
   
190,075
   
264,533
   
392,905
   
367,401
   
272,175
   
34,876
 
Total shareholders’ equity
   
98,749
   
118,514
   
14,100
   
72,960
   
465,907
   
59,700
 
 
5

 
If our subsidiary Shandong Fuwei was not entitled to a reduced enterprise income tax, or EIT, rate of 0% for the period/year ended December 31, 2003, 2004, 2005 and 2006, it would have had an EIT rate of 15%. Net income and basic and diluted earnings per share would be reduced by the following amounts:
 
   
Jan. 28 (Date
of Inception) through
December 31,
 
Jan. 1
through
Oct. 26,
 
Aug. 9
through
December
31,
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
   
2003
 
2004
 
2004
 
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
(In thousands, except per share data)  
(RMB)
 
(RMB)
 
(RMB)
 
(RMB)
 
(RMB)
 
(US$)
 
                           
Net income
   
(3,060
)
 
(9,204
)
 
(3,098
)
 
(8,736
)
 
(10,453
)
 
(1,339
)
                                       
Earnings per share
-   basic
               
(4,019
)
 
(11,331
)
 
(9.50
)
 
(1.22
)
-   diluted
               
(4,019
)
 
(11,331
)
 
(9.48
)
 
(1.21
)
 
The 2005 and 2006 RMB amounts included in the above selected financial data have been translated into U.S. dollars at the rate of US $1.00 = RMB 7.8041, which was the noon buying rate for U.S. dollars in effect on December 29, 2006 in the City of New York for cable transfer in RMB per U.S. dollar as certified for custom purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank. No representation is made that the RMB amounts could have been, or could be, converted into U.S. dollars at that rate or at any other certain rate on December 29, 2006, or at any other date.
 
Exchange Rate Information
 
On July 21, 2005 the Chinese government changed its policy of pegging the value of the Renminbi to the U.S. dollar. This revaluation of the Renminbi was based on a conversion of Renminbi into United States dollars at an exchange rate of US$1.00=RMB8.11. Under the new policy, the Renminbi will be permitted to fluctuate within a band against a basket of certain foreign currencies. This change in policy resulted initially in an approximately 2.0% appreciation in the value of the Renminbi against the U.S. dollar and could result in further and more significant appreciations. Although the Company generates substantially all of its revenue in Renminbi which has become more valuable in U.S. dollars , the Company’s U.S. dollars cash deposits are subject to foreign currency translations which will impact net income.
 
We have calculated and presented our financial statements in Renminbi. Our business is primarily conducted in China and denominated in Renminbi. Reports will be made to shareholders and will be expressed in Renminbi. The conversion of Renminbi into U.S. dollars in this Annual Reports is based on the noon buying rate in The City of New York for cable transfers of Renminbi as certified for customs purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. Unless otherwise noted, all translations from Renminbi to U.S. dollars in this annual report were made at US$1.00 to RMB7.8041, which was the prevailing rate on December 29, 2006. We make no representation that any Renminbi or U.S. dollar amounts could have been, or could be, converted into U.S. dollars or Renminbi, as the case may be, at any particular rate, the rates stated below, or at all. The Chinese government imposes controls over its foreign currency reserves in part through direct regulation of the conversion of Renminbi into foreign exchange and though restrictions on foreign trade.
 
6

 
The following table sets forth various information concerning exchange rates between the Renminbi and the U.S. dollar for the periods indicated. These rates are provided solely for your convenience and are not necessarily the exchange rates that we used in this annual report or will use in the preparation of our periodic reports or any other information to be provided to you. The source of these rates is the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
 
   
Average  
 
High  
 
Low  
 
Period-end  
 
       
(Rmb per U.S. $1.00)  
     
                   
2002 (1)
   
8.2770
   
8.2800
   
8.2669
   
8.2800
 
2003 (1)
   
8.2770
   
8.2800
   
8.2765
   
8.2769
 
2004 (1)
   
8.2768
   
8.2774
   
8.2764
   
8.2765
 
2005 (1)
   
8.1472
   
8.2765
   
8.0702
   
8.0709
 
2006 (1)
   
7.9723
   
8.0702
   
7.8041
   
7.8041
 
October 2006 (2)
   
7.9018
   
7.9168
   
7.8728
   
7.8041
 
November 2006 (2)
   
7.8622
   
7.8750
   
7.8303
   
7.8340
 
December 2006 (2)
   
7.8220
   
7.8350
   
7.8041
   
7.8041
 
January 2007 (2)
   
7.7876
   
7.8127
   
7.7705
   
7.7714
 
February 2007 (2)
   
7.7502
   
7.7632
   
7.741
   
7.741
 
March 2007 (2)(3)
   
7.7376
   
7.7454
   
7.7728
   
7.7728 (3
)
 
(1)
Annual averages are calculated by averaging the rates on the last business day of each month during the relevant period.
 
(2)
Monthly average is calculated by averaging the daily rates during the relevant period.
 
(3)
Calculated through and including March 29, 2007.
 
 
B.
Capitalization and indebtedness.

Not Applicable.
 
 
C.
Reasons for the offer and use of proceeds.
 
Not Applicable.
 
 
D.
Risk factors.
 
The following matters and other additional risks not presently known to us or that we deem immaterial, may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations or prospects, financial or otherwise. Reference to this cautionary statement in the context of a forward-looking statement or statements shall be deemed to be a statement that any one or more of the following factors may cause actual results to differ materially from those in such forward-looking statement or statements.
 
7

 
(a)   Risks Associated with Our Business
 
Risks Related to Our Business
 
An increase in the prices of raw materials will lead to increased costs and may adversely affect our profit margins if we are unable to pass on such increases in costs to our customers
 
The total cost of raw materials made up approximately 76.4%, 77.6% and 80.9%, respectively, of our cost of goods sold in 2004, 2005 and 2006. The main raw materials used in our production of BOPET film are polyethylene terephthalate (or PET) resin and additives, which respectively made up approximately 72.7% and 27.3% of our total cost of raw materials in the past three years.
 
The PET resin is currently used as a raw material in China’s textile industry, and the market prices of PET resin may fluctuate due to changes in supply and demand conditions in that industry. Any sudden shortage of supply, or significant increase in demand, of PET resin and additives may result in higher market prices and thereby increase our cost of sales. The prices of PET resin and additives are, to a certain extent, affected by the price movement of crude oil.
 
International market prices for crude oil have been subject to wide swings in the last three years, due in large part to the conflict in Iraq and pricing increase agreed to among oil producing and consuming countries. However, the price of our major raw materials, PET resin, which are widely used in the textile industry in China, has not increased in line with the rising crude oil prices due to the dampened demand for PET resin from textile manufacturers in China as a result of the anti-dumping policy exerted by the US and European countries. There has been some increase in the cost of our raw materials as a result of significant crude oil price spikes, and our ability to hedge against these fluctuations by either entering into long-term supply contracts or otherwise offsetting our exposure to these commodity price variations has been extremely limited. We currently have no hedging transactions in place with respect to PET resin or any other petroleum product.
 
If there is a significant increase in the cost of our raw materials and we are unable to pass on such increase to our customers on a timely basis or at all, our profit margins and results of operations will be adversely affected.
 
Entry of new BOPET producers in the PRC may increase the supply of, and decrease the prices of, BOPET film in the industry, and hence lead to a decline in our profit margins
 
We believe that we are currently one of the few producers of BOPET film in the PRC with research and development capability and our past financial performance is attributable to our market position in the industry. Over time, there may be new entrants into our industry, whether as a result of increased access to the production technology of BOPET film or otherwise. Accordingly, we may experience increased competition and the entry of new BOPET producers will also lead to an increase in the industry supply of BOPET film resulting in more competitive pricing. We believe that our major competitors in the BOPET manufacturing market in the PRC are Dupont Hongji Films Foshan Co., Ltd, Shanghai Zidong Chemical Plastic Co., Ltd and Yihua Toray Polyester Film Co., Ltd. We may have to price our products in response to competitive market conditions and this may lead to a decline in our profit margins. In the event that we are unable to compete successfully or retain effective control over the pricing of our products, our profit margins will decrease and, our revenues and net income may also decrease.
 
In addition, China has gradually lifted its import restrictions, lowered import tariffs and relaxed foreign investment restrictions after its entry into the World Trade Organization in December 2001. This can lead to increased competition from foreign companies in our industry, some of which are significantly larger and financially stronger than us. If we fail to compete effectively with these companies in the future, our current business and future growth potential would be adversely affected.
 
A significant portion of our revenue is derived from the flexible packaging industry in the PRC relating to the packaging of processed food
 
A significant portion of our revenue is currently derived from the production and sale of BOPET film. Our BOPET film is largely used for the packaging of processed food and to a lesser extent, packaging for pharmaceutical products, cosmetics, tobacco and alcohol. The demand for our BOPET film is therefore indirectly affected by the demand for processed food packaging.
 
Any decrease in the demand for our BOPET film will significantly affect our financial performance. Although demand for our BOPET film for packaging of pharmaceutical products, cosmetics, tobacco and alcohol has gradually been increasing, any significant fall in the consumption of processed food, in particular, whether as a result of contamination, food scares, health concerns or otherwise, could result in a decline in the sales of our products and adversely impact our financial condition, business and operation.
 
8

 
We rely on key managerial and technical personnel and failure to attract or retain such personnel may compromise our ability to develop new products and to effectively carry on our research and development and other efforts
 
Our success to date has been largely attributable to the contributions of key management and experienced personnel, particularly Xiaoan He, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Lin Tang, our Chief Finance Officer, Bin Sun, our General Manager, Xiaoming Wang, our Deputy General Manager for Production, and Xiuyong Zhang, our Deputy General Manager for Finance. We have entered into service agreements with these individuals. The service agreements have an initial term of three years. The loss of the services of Messrs. He, Tang, Sun,Wang, or Zhang, might impede the achievements of our development objectives and might damage the close business relationship we currently enjoy with some of our larger customers. Our continued success is dependent, to a large extent, on our ability to attract or retain the services of these key personnel. Except for Mr. He, we do not currently maintain any other key man insurance for our directors or officers.
 
After having worked on a part-time basis for our company for over six years, Dr Yongping Bai returned to full-time instruction at the Harbin Institute of Technology to continue his teaching and researching work in the university at the beginning of 2007. Now Dr. Wenxun Sun is responsible for our R&D department. Dr. Sun has experience in the BOPET film industry for over ten years and has been working in our R&D department for the past seven years.
 
Marketability of any of our new products is uncertain and low acceptance levels of any of our new products will adversely affect our revenue and profitability
 
The development of our products is based upon a complex technology, and requires significant time and expertise in order to meet industry standards and customers’ specifications. Although we have developed products that meet customers’ requirements in the past, there is no assurance that any of our research and development efforts will necessarily lead to any new or enhanced products or generate sufficient market share to justify commercialization. We must continually improve our current products and develop and introduce new or enhanced products that address the requirements of our customers and are competitive in terms of functionality, performance, quality and price in order to maintain and increase our market share. If our new products are unable to gain market acceptance, we would be forced to write-off the related inventory and would not be able to generate future revenue from our investment in research and development. In such event, we would be unable to increase our market share and achieve and sustain profitability. Our failure to further refine our technology and develop and introduce new products attractive to the market could cause our products to become uncompetitive or obsolete, which could reduce our market share and cause our sales to decline.
 
The circumstances under which we acquired ownership of our main productive assets may jeopardize our ability to continue as an operating business
 
Substantially all of our operating assets were acquired through two auction proceedings under relevant PRC law. We acquired the Brückner production line in 2003 as a result of a foreclosure proceeding enforcing an effective court judgment and the DMT production in 2004 as a result of a commercial auction from a consigner who obtained such assets through a bankruptcy proceeding. In the opinion of our PRC counsel, Concord & Partners, these proceedings are both valid under Chinese auction and bankruptcy law based on certain factual assumptions. Our PRC counsel’s opinion solely relates to the legal procedure of the auctions and is based upon certain factual assumptions, written representations of the Company and written reports of the auction company and other related parties. There can be no assurance that relevant authorities or creditors of the predecessor owner of these assets will not challenge the effectiveness of these asset transfers based upon the facts and circumstances of these transfers, despite the existence of independent appraisals, and other facts and circumstances of the auctions that cannot be verified by our PRC counsel. Taking into consideration the facts known by our PRC counsel related to the auction of the Brückner production line and the significant difference in the price paid for the DMT production line at the two bankruptcy auctions involved in our purchase of that asset and, assuming the representations and reports received by our PRC counsel are true and correct in all material respects, our PRC counsel is of the opinion that the auctions of the Brückner and DMT production lines were valid under PRC law and the possibility of the creditors of Shandong Neo-Luck successfully exercising recourse or claiming repayment with respect to our assets purchased in the bankruptcy proceeding should be remote. However, should any such challenge be brought in China (or elsewhere) and prevail, we may incur substantial liabilities and be required to pay substantial damages as a result of acquiring these assets. Although we believe any such challenge is unlikely to lead to the forfeiture of the related assets, it could materially affect our ability to continue operations.
 
9

 
We have, in the past, experienced and may, from time to time, experience negative working capital and we face risks associated with debt financing (including exposure to variation in interest rates)
 
Our total outstanding indebtedness, entirely comprising of short-term loans, as at December 31, 2006 was RMB 239.7 million (US$30.7 million). We have pledged property, plant and equipment of RMB 180.6 million and lease prepayments of RMB 52.6 million as security for RMB 233.2 million of outstanding indebtedness. Subsequently, we renegotiated substantially all of our outstanding indebtedness resulting in approximately RMB 152.6 million less of secured indebtedness. In the event that we default on all or any portion of this indebtedness, our lenders could foreclose on our assets. In the event that our assets are foreclosed upon, we will not be able to continue to operate our business.
 
Our obligations under our existing loans have been mainly met through the cash flow from our operations and our financing activities. We are subject to risks normally associated with debt financing, including the risk of significant increases in interest rates and the risk that our cash flow will be insufficient to meet required payment of principal and interest. In the past, cash flow from operations has been sufficient to meet payment obligations and/or we have been able to extend our borrowings. There is however, no assurance that we will be able to continue to do so in the future. We may also underestimate our capital requirements and other expenditures or overestimate our future cash flows. In such event, we may consider additional bank loans, issuing bonds, or other forms of financing to satisfy our capital requirements. If any of the aforesaid events occur and we are unable for any reason to raise additional capital, debt or other financing to meet our working capital requirements, our business, operating results, liquidity and financial position will be adversely affected.
 
We may lose our competitive advantage and our operations may suffer if we fail to prevent the loss or misappropriation of, or disputes over, our intellectual property
 
We have applied for patents in respect of some of our processes, technologies and systems used in our business and by the end of 2006, we have received four patents from, and have three patent applications pending with, the PRC authorities. We may not be able to successfully obtain the approvals of the PRC authorities for the pending patent applications. Furthermore, third parties may assert claims to our proprietary processes, technologies and systems. These proprietary processes, technologies and systems are important to our business as they allow us to maintain our competitive edge over our competitors.
 
Our ability to compete in our markets and to achieve future revenue growth will depend, in significant part, on our ability to protect our proprietary technology and operate without infringing upon the intellectual property rights of others. The legal regime in China for the protection of intellectual property rights is still at its early stage of development. Intellectual property protection became a national effort in China in 1979 when China adopted its first statute on the protection of trademarks. Since then, China has adopted its Patent Law, Trademark Law and Copyright Law and promulgated related regulations such as Regulation on Computer Software Protection, Regulation on the Protection of Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits and Regulation on Internet Domain Names. China has also acceded to various international treaties and conventions in this area, such as the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property, Patent Cooperation Treaty, Madrid Agreement and its Protocol Concerning the International Registration of Marks. In addition, when China became a party to the World Trade Organization in 2001, China amended many of its laws and regulations to comply with the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights. Despite many laws and regulations promulgated and other efforts made by China over the years with a view to tightening up its regulation and protection of intellectual property rights, private parties may not enjoy intellectual property rights in China to the same extent as they would in many Western countries, including the United States, and enforcement of such laws and regulations in China have not achieved the levels reached in those countries. Both the administrative agencies and the court system in China are not well-equipped to deal with violations or handle the nuances and complexities between compliant technological innovation and non-compliant infringement.
 
We rely on trade secrets and registered patents and trademarks to protect our intellectual property. We have also entered into confidentiality agreements with our management and employees relating to our confidential proprietary information. However, the protection of our intellectual properties may be compromised as a result of:
 
 
·
departure of any of our management members or employees in possession of our confidential proprietary information;
 
 
·
breach by such departing management member or employee of his or her confidentiality and non-disclosure undertaking to us;
 
 
·
expiration of the protection period of our registered patents or trademarks;
 
 
·
infringement by others of our proprietary technology and intellectual property rights; or
 
 
·
refusal by relevant regulatory authorities to approve our patent or trademark applications.
 
10

 
Any of these events or occurrences may reduce or eliminate any competitive advantage we have developed, causing us to lose sales or otherwise harm our business. There is no assurance that the measures that we have put into place to protect our intellectual property rights will be sufficient. As the number of patents, trademarks, copyrights and other intellectual property rights in our industry increases, and as the coverage of these rights and the functionality of the products in the market further overlap, we believe that business entities in our industry may face more frequent infringement claims. Litigation to enforce our intellectual property rights could result in substantial costs and may not be successful. If we are not able to successfully defend our intellectual property rights, we might lose rights to technology that we need to conduct and develop our business. This may seriously harm our business, operating results and financial condition, and enable our competitors to use our intellectual property to compete against us.
 
Furthermore, if third parties claim that our products infringe their patents or other intellectual property rights, we might be required to devote substantial resources to defending against such claims. If we are unsuccessful in defending against such infringement claims, we may be required to pay damages, modify our products or suspend the production and sale of such products. We cannot guarantee that we will be able to modify our products on commercially reasonable terms.
 
We may incur capital expenditures in the future in connection with our growth plans and therefore may require additional financing
 
To expand our business, we will need to increase our production capacities which will require substantial capital expenditures. Such expenditures are likely to be incurred in advance of any increase in sales. We cannot assure you that our revenue will increase after such capital expenditures are incurred as this will depend on, among other factors, our ability to maintain or achieve high capacity utilization rates. Any failure to increase our revenue after incurring capital expenditures to expand production capacity will reduce our profitability.
 
In addition, we may need to obtain additional debt or equity financing to fund our capital expenditures. Additional equity financing may result in dilution to our shareholders. Additional debt financing may be required which, if obtained, may:
 
 
·
limit our ability to pay dividends or require us to seek consents for the payment of dividends;
 
 
·
increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions;
 
 
·
limit our ability to pursue our growth plan;
 
 
·
require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations as payment for our debt, thereby reducing availability of our cash flow to fund capital expenditures, working capital and other general corporate purposes; and/or
 
 
·
limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and our industry.
 
We cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain the additional financing on terms that are acceptable to us, if at all.
 
A disruption in the supply of utilities, fire or other calamity at our manufacturing plant would disrupt production of our products and adversely affect our sales
 
Our BOPET films are manufactured solely at our production facility located in Weifang City in the PRC. While we have not in the past experienced any calamities which disrupted production, any disruption in the supply of utilities, in particular, electricity or power supply or any outbreak of fire, flood or other calamity resulting in significant damage at our facilities would severely affect our production of BOPET film and as a result, we could incur substantial liabilities that could reduce or eliminate the funds available for product development, or result in a loss of equipment and properties.
 
While we maintain insurance policies covering losses in respect of damage to our properties, machinery and inventories of raw materials and products, we cannot assure you that our insurance would be sufficient to cover all of our potential losses.
 
We have limited experience in operating outside mainland China, and failure to achieve our overseas expansion strategy may have an adverse effect on our business growth in the future
 
Our future growth depends, to a considerable extent, on our ability to develop both the domestic and overseas markets. We are currently exploring new business opportunities outside mainland China for our BOPET film products. We have a limited number of customers outside China, mainly in the United States, Japan and India. However, we have limited experience in operating outside mainland China, have limited experience with foreign regulatory environments and market practices, and cannot guarantee that we will be able to penetrate any overseas market. In connection with our initial efforts to expand overseas, we have encountered many obstacles, including cultural and linguistic differences, difficulties in keeping abreast of market, business and technical developments in foreign jurisdictions, and political and social disturbances. Failure in the development of overseas markets may have an adverse effect on our business growth in the future.
 
11

 
Our primary source of funds of dividends and other distributions from our operating subsidiary in China is subject to various legal and contractual restrictions and uncertainties, and our ability to pay dividends or make other distributions to our shareholders are negatively affected by those restrictions and uncertainties
 
We are a holding company established in the Cayman Islands and conduct our core business operations through our principal operating subsidiary, Shandong Fuwei, in China. As a result, our profits available for distribution to our shareholders are dependent on the profits available for distribution from Shandong Fuwei. If Shandong Fuwei incurs debt on its own behalf, the debt instruments may restrict its ability to pay dividends or make other distributions, which in turn would limit our ability to pay dividends on our ordinary shares. Under the current PRC laws, because we are incorporated in the Cayman Islands, our PRC subsidiary, Shandong Fuwei, is regarded as a wholly foreign-owned enterprise in China. Although dividends paid by foreign invested enterprises, such as wholly foreign-owned enterprises and sino-foreign joint ventures, are not subject to any PRC corporate withholding tax, the PRC laws permit payment of dividends only out of net income as determined in accordance with PRC accounting standards and regulations. Determination of net income under PRC accounting standards and regulations may differ from determination under U.S. GAAP in significant respects, such as the use of different principles for recognition of revenues and expenses. In addition, distribution of additional equity interests by our PRC subsidiary, Shandong Fuwei, to us (which is credited as fully paid through capitalizing its undistributed profits) requires additional approval of the PRC government due to an increase in our registered capital and total investment in Shandong Fuwei. Under the PRC laws, Shandong Fuwei, a wholly foreign-owned enterprise, is required to set aside a portion of its net income each year to fund designated statutory reserve funds. These reserves are not distributable as cash dividends. As a result, our primary internal source of funds of dividend payments from Shandong Fuwei is subject to these and other legal and contractual restrictions and uncertainties, which in turn may limit or impair our ability to pay dividends to our shareholders. Moreover, any transfer of funds from us to Shandong Fuwei, either as a shareholder loan or as an increase in registered capital, is subject to registration with or approval by PRC governmental authorities. These limitations on the flow of funds between us and Shandong Fuwei could restrict our ability to act in response to changing market conditions.
 
Investor confidence and the market price of our shares may be adversely impacted if we or our independent registered public accountants are unable to issue an unqualified opinion on the adequacy of our internal controls over our financial reporting beginning as of December 31, 2008, as required by Section 404 of the U.S. Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
We are subject to the reporting requirements of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. The SEC, as directed by Section 404 of the U.S. Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, adopted rules requiring public companies, including us, to include a report of management of their internal control structure and procedures for financial reporting in their annual reports on Form 10-K or Form 20-F, as the case may be, that contain an assessment by management of the effectiveness of their internal controls over financial reporting for the fiscal year ending on December 31, 2007. In addition, independent registered public accountants of these public companies must report on management’s assessment of as well as form its own opinion and report on the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting. These requirements will first apply to our annual report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ending on December 31, 2008, although the independent public accountants’ report will not be required until the following year. Our management may not conclude that our internal controls over financial reporting are effective. Moreover, even if our management does conclude that our internal controls over financial reporting are effective, if our independent registered public accountants are not satisfied with our internal control structure and procedures, the level at which our internal controls are documented, designed, operated or reviewed, or if the independent registered public accountants interpret the requirements, rules or regulations differently from us, they may not concur with our management’s assessment or may not issue a report that is unqualified. Any of these possible outcomes could result in an adverse reaction in the financial marketplace due to a loss of investor confidence in the reliability of our financial statements, which could lead to a decline in the market price of our shares.
 
During the audit of our consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006, our independent auditors identified a significant deficiency, as defined in the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board’s Audit Standard No. 2. The significant deficiency identified by our independent auditors is the lack of a consolidated manual for accounting policies and procedures relating to financial reporting under the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles of the United States (“US GAAP”), without which it would be difficult for our accounting and finance personnel to apply proper procedures and controls to transactions, and certain complex US GAAP matters may not be identified or resolved in a timely manner. We have implemented certain accounting policies and procedures relating to financial reporting under US GAAP; we are in the process of training of our financial personnel with US GAAP knowledge and experience as required to implement the relevant policies and procedures; and we have established an internal auditor and plan to implement our policies and procedures by the end of 2007.   Furthermore, we have recently appointed Murrell, Hall, McIntosh & Co. PLLP (“MHM”, a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and based in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma) as our consultant for purposes of Sarbanes-Oxley Act Section 404 compliance, which we expect to improve our internal control over financial reporting.
 
12

 
Risks Relating to Business Operations in China
 
Changes in China’s political and economic policies and conditions could cause a substantial decline in the demand for our products and services
 
Historically, we derived substantially all of our revenues from a single market, mainland China. We anticipate that mainland China will continue to be our primary production and sales base in the near future and currently substantially all of our assets are located in China and all of our services are performed in China. In 2004, 2005 and 2006, sales to our customers in the PRC accounted for approximately 94%, 88% and 79% of our total revenue, respectively. Accordingly, any significant slowdown in the PRC economy or decline in demand for our products from our customers in the PRC will have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of our operations. Furthermore, any unfavorable changes in the social and political conditions of the PRC may also adversely affect our business and operations.
 
Since the adoption of the “open door policy” in 1978 and the “socialist market economy” in 1993, the PRC government has been reforming and is expected to continue to reform its economic and political systems. Any changes in the political and economic policy of the PRC government may lead to changes in the laws and regulations or the interpretation of the same, as well as changes in the foreign exchange regulations, taxation and import and export restrictions, which may in turn adversely affect our financial performance. While the current policy of the PRC government seems to be one of imposing economic reform policies to encourage foreign investments and greater economic decentralization, there is no assurance that such a policy will continue to prevail in the future. We cannot make any assurances that our operations would not be adversely affected should there be any policy changes.
 
The discontinuation of any preferential tax treatments or other incentives currently available to us in the PRC could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations
 
Our subsidiary Shandong Fuwei was converted into a wholly foreign owned enterprise in January 2005 and enjoys certain special or preferential tax treatments regarding enterprise income tax in accordance with the “Income Tax Law of the PRC for Enterprises with Foreign Investment and Foreign Enterprises.” Accordingly, it is entitled to tax concessions whereby the profit for the first two financial years beginning with the first profit-making year (after setting off tax losses carried forward from prior years) is exempt from income tax in the PRC and the profit for each of the subsequent three financial years is taxed at 50% of the prevailing tax rates set by the relevant tax authorities. In addition, as a “High Technology Enterprise,” Shandong Fuwei currently enjoys enterprise income tax at an incentive rate of 15%. However, we cannot assure you that Shandong Fuwei will not lose its “High Technology Enterprise” status, and even if Shandong Fuwei successfully maintains its “High Technology Enterprise” status, its preferential tax treatment may be discontinued by the tax authorities at their discretion or pursuant to any future changes in PRC tax laws, rules and regulations. If that were to occur, Shandong Fuwei would be subject to a 33% standard enterprise income tax rate under the current tax laws through 2007, and up to a 25% rate from January 1, 2008 under the new tax law described below, which would significantly increase our effective tax rate and materially adversely affect our operating results.
 
On March 16, 2007, the National People’s Congress of the PRC passed the Enterprise Income Tax Law of the People’s Republic of China, which law will take effect as of January 1, 2008. In accordance with the new law, a unified enterprise income tax rate of 25% and unified tax deduction standards will be applied equally to both domestic-invested enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises such as Shandong Fuwei. Enterprises established prior to March 16, 2007, eligible for preferential tax treatment in accordance with the currently prevailing tax laws and administrative regulations shall, under the regulations of the State Council, gradually become subject to the new tax rate over a five-year transition period starting from the date of effectiveness of the new law. We expect details of the transitional arrangement for the five-year period from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2012 applicable to enterprises approved for establishment prior to March 16, 2007, such as Shandong Fuwei, to be set out in more detailed implementing rules to be adopted in the future. In addition, certain qualifying “High Technology Enterprises” may still benefit from a preferential tax rate of 15% under the new tax law if they meet the definition of “Government Developing High Technology Enterprise” to be set forth in the more detailed implementing rules when they are adopted. As a result, if Shandong Fuwei qualifies as a “Government Developing High Technology Enterprise”, it will continue to benefit from a preferential tax rate of 15%, subject to any transitional period rules implemented starting from January 1, 2008. Otherwise, Shandong Fuwei’s applicable tax rate may gradually increase from its existing rate of 15% to the unified tax rate of 25% by January 1, 2013 under the new tax law and in accordance with more detailed implementing rules to be adopted in the future. Any increase in our effective tax rate as a result of the above may adversely affect our operating results. However, details regarding implementation of this new law are expected to be provided in the form of one or more implementing regulations to be promulgated by the PRC government and the timing of the issuance of such implementing regulations is currently unclear.
 
13

 
We are subject to environmental laws and regulations in the PRC
 
We are subject to environmental laws and regulations in the PRC. Any failure by us to comply fully with such laws and regulations will result in us being subject to penalties and fines or being required to pay damages. Although we believe we are currently in compliance with the environmental regulations in all material respects, any change in the regulations may require us to acquire equipment or incur additional capital expenditure or costs in order to comply with such regulations. Our profits will be adversely affected if we are unable to pass on such additional costs to our customers.
 
Changes in foreign exchange regulation in China may affect our ability to pay dividends in foreign currencies
 
We currently receive all of our operating revenues in Renminbi. Currently, Renminbi is not a freely convertible currency and the restrictions on currency exchanges in China may limit our ability to use revenues generated in Renminbi to fund our business activities outside China or to make dividends or other payments in U.S. dollars. The PRC government strictly regulates conversion of Renminbi into foreign currencies. Over the years, the PRC government has significantly reduced its control over routine foreign exchange transactions under current accounts, including trade- and service-related foreign exchange transactions, foreign debt service and payment of dividends. In accordance with the existing foreign exchange regulations in China, our PRC subsidiary, Shandong Fuwei, is able to pay dividends in foreign currencies, without prior approval from the PRC State Administration of Foreign Exchange, or SAFE, by complying with certain procedural requirements. The PRC government may, however, at its discretion, restrict access in the future to foreign currencies for current account transactions and prohibit us from converting our Renminbi-denominated earnings into foreign currencies. If this occurs, our PRC subsidiary may not be able to pay us dividends in foreign currency without prior approval from SAFE. In addition, conversion of Renminbi for most capital account items, including direct investments, is still subject to government approval in China and companies are required to open and maintain separate foreign exchange accounts for capital account items. This restriction may limit our ability to invest earnings of Shandong Fuwei.
 
Fluctuation in the value of Renminbi could adversely affect the value of, and dividends payable on, our shares in foreign currency terms
 
The value of Renminbi is subject to changes in PRC government policies and depends to a large extent on China’s domestic and international economic, financial and political developments, as well as the currency’s supply and demand in the local market. From 1994, the conversion of Renminbi into foreign currencies, including the U.S. dollar, was based on exchange rates set and published daily by the People’s Bank of China, the PRC central bank, based on the previous day’s interbank foreign exchange market rates in China and exchange rates on the world financial markets. The official exchange rate for the conversion of Renminbi into U.S. dollars remained stable until Renminbi was revalued in July 2005 and allowed to fluctuate by reference to a basket of foreign currencies, including the U.S. dollar. Under the new policy, Renminbi is permitted to fluctuate within a band against a basket of foreign currencies. This change in policy resulted initially in an approximately 2.0% appreciation in the value of Renminbi against the U.S. dollar. There remains significant international pressure on the PRC government to adopt a substantially more liberalized currency policy, which could result in a further and more significant appreciation in the value of Renminbi against the U.S. dollar. Further revaluations of Renminbi against the U.S. dollar may also occur in the future. Since our income and profits are denominated in Renminbi, any appreciation of Renminbi would increase the value of, and any dividends payable on, our shares in foreign currency terms. Conversely, any depreciation of Renminbi would decrease the value of, and any dividends payable on, our shares in foreign currency terms.
 
The uncertain legal environment in China could limit the legal protections available to you
 
The PRC legal system is a civil law system based on written statutes. Unlike the common law system, the civil law system is a system in which decided legal cases have little precedential value. In the late 1970s, the PRC government began to promulgate a comprehensive system of laws and regulations to provide general guidance on economic and business practices in China and to regulate foreign investment. Our PRC subsidiary, Shandong Fuwei, is a wholly foreign-owned enterprise and is subject to laws and regulations applicable to foreign investment in China in general and laws and regulations applicable to wholly foreign-owned enterprises in particular. China has made significant progress in the promulgation of laws and regulations dealing with economic matters such as corporate organization and governance, foreign investment, commerce, taxation and trade. However, the promulgation of new laws, changes of existing laws and abrogation of local regulations by national laws may have a negative impact on our business and prospects. In addition, as these laws, regulations and legal requirements are relatively recent and because of the limited volume of published cases and their non-binding nature, the interpretation and enforcement of these laws, regulations and legal requirements involve significant uncertainties. These uncertainties could limit the legal protections available to foreign investors, including you. For example, it is not clear if a PRC court would enforce in China a foreign court decision brought by you against us in shareholders’ derivative actions. Moreover, the enforceability of contracts in China, especially with the government, is relatively uncertain. If counterparties repudiated our contracts or defaulted on their obligations, we might not have adequate remedies. Such uncertainties or inability to enforce our contracts could materially and adversely affect our revenues and earnings.
 
14

 
Outbreak of SARS or other epidemics could materially and adversely affect our overall operations and results of operations
 
From March to July 2003, mainland China, Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan and some other areas in Asia experienced an outbreak of a new and contagious form of atypical pneumonia known as severe acute respiratory syndrome, or SARS. A recurrent outbreak, or an outbreak of a similarly contagious disease, such as the H5N1 avian flu, could potentially disrupt our operations to the extent that any one of our employees is suspected of having the infection or that any of our facilities is identified as a possible source of spreading the virus or disease. We may be required to quarantine employees who are suspected of having an infection. We may also be required to disinfect our facilities and therefore suffer a suspension of production of indefinite duration. Any quarantine or suspension of production at any of our facilities will adversely affect our overall operations. In addition, any such outbreak will likely restrict the level of economic activities in the affected areas, which could lead to a substantial decrease in our revenues accompanied by an increase in our costs, resulting in lower levels of net income.
 
Regulations relating to offshore investment activities by PRC residents may limit our ability to acquire PRC companies and adversely affect our business and prospects
 
In October 2005, SAFE issued a circular concerning foreign exchange regulations on investments by PRC residents in China through special purpose companies incorporated overseas. The circular states that, if PRC residents use assets or equity interests in their domestic entities as capital contribution to establish offshore companies or inject assets or equity interests of their PRC entities into offshore companies to raise capital overseas, such PRC residents must register with local SAFE branches with respect to their overseas investments in offshore companies and must also file amendments to their registrations if their offshore companies experience material events, such as changes in share capital, share transfer, mergers and acquisitions, spin-off transactions or use of assets in China to guarantee offshore obligations. Our existing shareholders have completed the relevant SAFE registration procedures as currently required.
 
As it is uncertain how SAFE will interpret or implement its circular, we cannot predict how this circular and other SAFE circulars will affect our business operations or future strategies. For example, we may be subject to a more stringent review and approval process with respect to our foreign exchange activities, such as remittance of dividends and foreign currency-denominated borrowings, which may adversely affect our ability to provide funds to the Company to pay dividends on our ordinary shares.
 
15

 
Item 4.   Information on the Company
 
Overview
 
We were formed as a Cayman Island corporation in August 2004 under the name “Fuwei Films (Holding) Co. Ltd.” Our corporate headquarters, principal place of business, production and ancillary facilities occupy an area of approximately 74,251 square meters at No. 387 Dongming Road, Weifang Shandong, People’s Republic of China, 261061. Our agent for service in the United States is CT Corporation System located at 111 Eighth Avenue, NY, NY 10011.
 
We develop, manufacture and distribute high quality plastic film using the biaxial oriented stretch technique, otherwise known as BOPET film (biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate). The film is light-weight, non-toxic, odorless, transparent, glossy, temperature and moisture-resistant, and retains high barrier resistance, making it suitable for many forms of flexible packaging, printing, laminating, aluminum-plating and other applications. In addition, it retains high dielectric strength and volume resistance even at high temperatures, which are essential qualities for electrical and electronic uses. Our BOPET film is widely used in consumer based packaging (such as the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, tobacco and alcohol industries), imaging (such as masking film, printing plates and microfilms), electronics and electrical industries (such as wire and cable wrap, capacitors and motor insulation), as well as in magnetic products (such as audio and video tapes). We market our products under our brand name “Fuwei Films.” Our customers include some of the world’s largest companies engaged in flexible packaging, including Alcan, Inc. of Canada. We also export our products to packaging customers and distributors in the US, Japan and Southeast Asia. The principal products we produce are namely:
 
 
·
Printing base film used in printing and lamination;
 
 
·
Stamping foil base film used for packaging of luxury items to increase the aesthetic presentation of the item;
 
 
·
Metallization film or aluminum plating base film used for vacuum aluminum plating for paper or flexible plastic lamination;
 
 
·
Laser holographic base film used as anti-counterfeit film for food, medicine, cosmetics, cigarettes and alcohol packaging;
 
 
·
Matte film used for printing, metallization, stamping and transfer metallization; and
 
 
·
High-gloss film used for aesthetically enhanced packaging purposes.
 
Since our establishment, all of our revenues have been derived from the sales of BOPET film, particularly our printing film, stamping film and metallization film which combined accounted for approximately 52.6% of our net revenues for the year ended December 31, 2006, 68.8% of our net revenues in 2005 and 87.0% of our net revenues in 2004.
 
We currently operate two production lines. The first is a Brückner 6.3 m (in width) production line with an annual designed production capacity of 13,000 tons of BOPET film. The second is a DMT 6.7 m (in width) production line, which began trial production of co-extruded BOPET or CBOPET in November 2003 and has an annual designed production capacity of 16,100 tons of BOPET/CBOPET film. CBOPET is a type of BOPET film comprising two outer co-polymer layers made from materials different from materials used for the core layer. As of December 31, 2006, our manufacturing operations had a total annual designed production capacity of 29,100 tons of BOPET/CBOPET film based upon 7,200 production hours per annum.
 
We sell most of our BOPET film products to customers in the flexible packaging industry in the PRC in the eastern region of China. Our top five customers over the three years ended December 31, 2006 were Pilcher Hamilton Corp., Gaoyou Secondary Planet Cigarette Material Co., Ltd., Jiangyin Teruida Packaging Technical Co.,Ltd, Sichuan Yibin Puguang Technology Co.,Ltd., and Wuxi Guotai Colour Printing Co.,Ltd. Sales to Pilcher Hamilton Corp. accounted for 1.9%, and 5.5% in 2005 and 2006, respectively, while none of our other customers accounted for more than 10% of our total revenues in any such year. In addition, we expect to continue to expand our product portfolio to exploit opportunities in different market sectors, such as the production of thick BOPET film products to be used in electrical and electronics industries. The BOPET products used by these industries are currently imported and are costly. We began marketing and selling our products overseas to customers and distributors mainly in the United States, Japan and Southeast Asia in the second half of 2004. In 2004, 2005 and 2006 our sales to our overseas customers constituted approximately, 5.4%, 12.1% and 21.0%, respectively, of our total revenue.
 
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Competitive Strengths
 
We believe that our competitive strengths have enabled us over the years to meet the needs of our customers and become a leading provider of BOPET film products in China. We also believe that our strengths will continue to help us grow in the BOPET film industry in both China and internationally. Our principal strengths include the following:
 
We have the capability to expand our product range and markets by introducing new products required by customers
 
We believe that our experience in the industry and personnel will enable us to continue to provide new BOPET film products required by customers. While other companies in our industry have also made significant advances in BOPET technology and production, we have introduced a variety of BOPET film products by developing and formulating our own blend of additives used in the production of BOPET film. In August 2003, we entered into a collaboration agreement with the Ha’rbin Institute of Technology, a leading university in the research of the polymer material field in China, to undertake joint initiatives for BOPET and other types of plastic films development. Under this collaboration agreement, the rights to any new product and technological developments belong to us. Our research and development team is headed by Dr.Wenxun Sun,, and comprises a total of eight technicians.
 
We have an established brand name and are recognized for our product quality in the PRC
 
Although our operating history is relatively short and our market presence is primarily in the PRC, our products are marketed under our brand name, “Fuwei Films.” We believe that this brand name is well known in the BOPET film market in the PRC and, although our selling prices sometimes exceed those of our competitors, our products have achieved significant market acceptance because of its high quality and our superior customer service.
 
We manufacture high quality products that can be customized for our clients
 
We implement and enforce stringent quality controls on our production process and products. As part of our production process, we formulate different blends of PET resins and additives to produce film with specific properties for our customers based on their requirements. In the course of our business, we have improved on our own formulations, which we believe have resulted in quality products that meet our customers’ requirements. In the area of laser holographic film, for example, we believe that we had the largest share of that market in the PRC in 2006 and 2005, based upon publicly available information.
 
We have an experienced management team with extensive industry experience
 
Our management team is led by our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Xiaoan He who has more than ten years of related experience in the plastics and packaging industries. He has been instrumental in our operations, contributing his knowledge and experience in the industry. He has also established strong relationships with our various customers and suppliers. He is assisted by our executive officers, Mr. Bin Sun and, Mr. Xiaoming Wang and who each have more than ten years of experience in industries related to the manufacturing and development of products in the PRC.
 
Our technical expertise and production facilities are advanced in the PRC
 
We consider our technical expertise and production facilities to be highly advanced with respect to the BOPET film industry in the PRC. Our first production line was German made and manufactured by Brückner. It is a 6.3 m (in width) production line with an annual designed production capacity of 13,000 tons of BOPET film. Our second production line was manufactured in France by DMT. It is a 6.7 m (in width) production line that has an annual designed production capacity of 16,100 tons of BOPET/CBOPET film. We believe that both of our production lines are state-of-the-art and enable us to provide high quality products and to compete effectively with our competitors.
 
Awards and Certifications
 
Our subsidiary, Shandong Fuwei, has received the following awards and certificates, each of which, we believe, is an indication of our achievements, the quality of our products and makes us more attractive to our potential customers and therefore a more competitive company both in the local and international markets:
 
17

 
Date
 
Award/Certificate
 
Issuing Authority
         
November 2003
     
High Technology Enterprise
Certificate(1)
     
Shandong Province Science and
Technology Committee
         
September 2004                    
 
ISO 9001:2000 Certificate(2)
 
China Certification Center for Quality
Mark
         
January 2005
 
Top 50 Industrial Enterprises
in 2004(3)
 
Weifang City local government
         
July 2006
 
ISO 14001
 
International Organization for Standardization
 

(1)
This certificate was awarded by the local government in the Shandong Province as recognition of our commitment to utilize new technology to provide products to our customers and also awarded us a 15% beneficial tax rate.
 
(2)
ISO 9000 certification has become an international reference for quality management requirements in business-to-business dealings. This certification enables us to compete on many more markets around the world and provides our customers with assurances about our quality, safety and reliability.
 
(3)
This citation generates goodwill with the government officials in Weifang city.
 
Business Prospects
 
The PRC’s economy has been growing rapidly and is currently one of the world’s largest economies. Our directors believe that the PRC economy will continue to grow at largely the same pace for the foreseeable future, and in line therewith, the packaging industry in China. As BOPET film is a high-end flexible packaging material that is relatively newer than other forms of flexible packaging materials in the PRC, the uses, and therefore the market, for such material will continue to expand. As such we believe that the prospects for our industry continue to be good.
 
In addition, in line with the continued growth of the PRC economy, consumer affluence and spending in the most populous country in the world are expected to increase correspondingly and lead to the expansion of the consumer goods industry. As our products are used primarily in consumer-based industries such as the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, tobacco and alcohol industries, our directors believe the above factors will drive the growth in demand for our products in the PRC.
 
We have identified thick BOPET film (typically with a thickness of between 50 to 200 microns), which is mainly used in the electrical and electronics industries, as a key market segment for potential growth. With the expansion of the electrical and electronics industries in China, the market for thick BOPET film, used particularly in the manufacturing of thin film transistor-liquid crystal display (or TFT-LCD) screens, is also anticipated to increase significantly. Although there are BOPET manufacturers in the PRC that are able to produce BOPET film of such thickness, they generally operate small-scale production facilities, and we believe that generally their product quality is not able to meet requirements for high-end usage such as that for the manufacture of TFT-LCD screens. As a result, manufacturers of TFT-LCD screens requiring thick BOPET film generally obtain their supply from overseas.
 
Business Development Strategies
 
We believe we have the ability to increase our sales and expand our markets. To strengthen our market position, we intend to improve our product offerings. As manufacturers based in the PRC strive to reduce their costs in the face of competition, we believe that there will be greater demand for locally-produced BOPET film products to substitute more expensive imported products. We will also explore suitable opportunities to source for new customers and markets in the PRC and overseas.
 
Our future plans include:
 
Investment in a new BOPET production line
 
We have commenced construction of a new production line capable of producing BOPET film that is between 50 to 200 microns thick on our current premises at Weifang City, PRC. The BOPET film produced using this new production line is targeted at industrial use, for example, TFT-LCD screen films. We expect to penetrate into the electrical and electronics industry with such new product offerings. Such industries currently rely on expensive imports as PRC manufacturers do not currently possess such production capabilities. We expect our new BOPET film production line to begin commercial production by the first quarter of 2008. The total investment for this new production line is expected to be approximately RMB 240 million (US$30.8 million), which we intend to finance through a combination of a portion of the net proceeds from our recent initial public offering in the US and short-term secured debt.
 
18

 
Rental of new production line
 
We entered into an agreement for the rental of a BOPET production line with Shandong Weifang Legang Food Co., Ltd ( “Legang”) on March 5, 2007, This rental production line from Legang will also be used for BOPET film manufacturing, primarily for producing general thick film. Fuwei plans to enter a part of the thick film market in advance of the third production line’s completion by renting this production line. Fuwei commenced the trial operation of this rental line on April 1, 2007. If the operation goes smoothly, this rental production line is expected to increase production and sales by 5000 tons per annum.
 
Expansion into overseas markets and promotion of our products in the PRC
 
We believe that the overseas markets hold significant potential for future growth. We believe that our venture into the overseas markets which began in 2004 has been successful. Although we are not focused on any particular overseas market, we have identified North America as an area of potential growth. We plan to leverage and expand our presence in overseas markets, particularly North America, Japan and Southeast Asia through trade fairs and seminars that have an international and overseas focus and also plan to engage in advertising where we believe it would be effective. With our low manufacturing and labor costs compared to overseas manufacturers, we believe that with high quality products and competitive pricing, we can capture market share in the overseas market. As we believe that the domestic market for BOPET products (in particular, CBOPET products) has significant potential for growth, we also intend to engage in promotional activities in this area. Such activities include participating in relevant seminars and exhibitions, advertising and further developing customer relationships.
 
Investment in research and development
 
As we have a strong focus on research and development, we plan to continue to invest substantially in this area. We have commenced the construction of a small-scale production line for the purpose of conducting research and development. Such a production line may also be utilized for commercial production as and when the need arises. This new production line will be primarily used for research into the development of multiple-layer BOPET films. Using a dedicated production line of a smaller production scale will enable us to save costs and reduce waste during the process of development, particularly during test production. We also intend to expand our research and development team by hiring additional research personnel.
 
On January 31, 2007, we obtained the first installment of a loan from the industrial development fund of our local government. In 2006, the Weifang government established the Hi & New Technology Project Industrial Development Fund for the purpose of enhancing the independent innovation and technical R&D ability of local enterprises, to support the development of local Hi & New Technology enterprises. This low interest loan has an interest rate that is 50% lower than the prevailing one-year interest rate of the People’s Bank of China. Our subsidiary, Shandong Fuwei, previously obtained this grant, which will be used for the construction of Fuwei technology center testing production line project mentioned above. It is believed that this testing line will enhance our ability to develop new products.
 
Our Products and Services
 
We are principally engaged in the manufacture and distribution of BOPET film. We began trial production of CBOPET film (a type of BOPET film which comprises three polymer layers) in or around November 2003. We currently produce BOPET films from our two production lines, with an aggregate annual designed production capacity of 29,100 tons with thicknesses varying between 8 - 125 microns.
 
BOPET is a high quality plastic film manufactured using the biaxial oriented stretch (transverse and machine direction) technique. Our advanced production process improves the physical properties of the plastic film such as its tensile strength, resistance to impact, resistance to tearing and malleability. The high dimensional stability of the film over a wide range of humidity and temperature fulfills the basic requirements for flexible packaging. The film is light-weight, non-toxic, odorless, transparent, glossy, moisture-resistant, and retains high barrier resistance, making it suitable for many forms of flexible packaging, printing, laminating, aluminum-plating and other processes. In addition, it retains high dielectric strength and volume resistance even at high temperatures, which are essential qualities for electrical and electronic uses. The three-layer structure of CBOPET gives the film added properties which enables us to develop high quality BOPET products.
 
BOPET film has been widely used in the packaging, imaging (such as masking film, printing plates and microfilms), electronics and electrical (such as wire and cable wrap, capacitors and motor insulation) industries, as well as in magnetic products (such as audio and video tapes). Due to its unique qualities, it is suitable for application in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, tobacco, and alcohol industries and has become a popular choice as a flexible packaging material in these industries in recent years.
 
19

 
We market our products under our brand name “Fuwei Films.” Our operations are based primarily in Shandong Province, the PRC, where we manufacture our products for sale to customers engaged in flexible packaging businesses in the PRC, in particular the eastern region. We also export our products to packaging customers and distributors mainly in the US, Japan and Southeast Asia.
 
Our BOPET film is mainly used in the flexible packaging industry for consumer products such as those relating to processed foods, pharmaceutical products, cosmetics, tobacco and alcohol. Our products may be sub-divided into five main categories constituting the following percentages of our total revenue for each of the twelve months ended 2004, 2005 and 2006. For the convenience of the readers, we have combined the result for the period from January 1, 2004 to October 26, 2004 and the period from August 9, 2004 to December 31, 2004 into one time period.
 
Category
 
2004
 
2005
 
2006
 
               
Printing film
   
40.7
%
 
29.9
%
 
21.8
%
Stamping foil film
   
20.6
%
 
27.4
%
 
22.9
%
Metallization film
   
25.7
%
 
11.5
%
 
8.0
%
Special film
   
0.6
%
 
13.9
%
 
36. 7
%
Base film for other applications                                                                                 
   
12.4
%
 
17.3
%
 
10.7
%
 
The above categorizes BOPET film products by application. Each of the above types of BOPET film products can be single-layer (manufactured using the Brückner or DMT production line) or three-layer (manufactured using the DMT production line). For example, matte film, a type of special film, can be single-layer or three-layer. A three-layer matt film typically has a non-matt side and may be used for other applications without further processing.
 
The significant increase in 2006 was largely attributable to the increased demand for special films, including the increase in sales of heat-sealable films, high-gloss films, and other special films, as more customers shifted to use high-end special films for packaging to enhance their product image.
 
Printing film
 
This is a high transparency film that is corona treated on one side to provide excellent adhesion to ink. This is primarily used in printing and lamination.
 
Stamping foil film
 
This is a film that displays excellent thermal stability and tensile strength and is used in metallized film and laser stamping foil and transfer.
 
Metallization film
 
This is an aluminum plating base film that displays good thermal stability and tensile strength and provides good adhesion between film and aluminum layer. This is mainly used for vacuum aluminum plating for paper or flexible plastic lamination.
 
Special film
 
We mainly produce the following types of special film:
 
 
·
Laser holographic base film: A directly embossable film with high transparency, used as anti-counterfeit film and for aesthetics for food, medicine, cosmetics, cigarette and alcoholic packaging.
 
 
·
Matte film: Film with single or double matte surface, achieved by adding special additive to the base polymer, used for printing, metallization, stamping and transfer metallization.
 
 
·
High-gloss film: Film with high levels of reflection approaching a mirror-like surface, used for aesthetically-enhanced packaging purposes.
 
 
·
Heat-sealable film: Film with a three layer structure which is composed of a heat-sealable surface and a core layer consisting of a homopolymer of polyester. The heat-sealable film is primarily sold for use in printing and making heat sealable bags.
 
Base film for other applications
 
Base films for other application are ordinary commodity polyester films with applications other than the aforementioned usages.
 
20

 
Production
 
Our operating subsidiary, Shandong Fuwei, currently operates two production lines. The first is a Brückner 6.3 m (in width) production line with an annual designed production capacity of 13,000 tons of BOPET film. The second is a DMT 6.7 m (in width) production line, which began trial production of CBOPET in November 2003 and has an annual designed production capacity of 16,100 tons of BOPET/CBOPET film. As of December 31, 2006, Shandong Fuwei has a total annual designed production capacity of 29,100 tons of BOPET/CBOPET film.
 
BOPET film is manufactured from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) resin, which is a petrochemical product. BOPET film is produced by melting the granulated PET resin and extruding it into a flat sheet. This sheet is stretched to 3.0 to 3.6 times its original length, and then horizontally to 3.6 times its width, before being heat-set and finally wound into reels. The orientation process (stretching during the application of heat) gives the film its mechanical strength, barrier and optical properties (clarity and gloss). Our Brückner production line comprises a single extruder which can produce single-layer BOPET film, whereas our DMT production line comprises one main extruder and two co-extruders which can produce CBOPET film comprising three layers, of which the core layer and the outer co-polymer layers are made of different materials. Depending on the additives used, the films produced have varying physical and chemical properties. The main steps of our manufacturing process involve:
 
Dosing and Mixing
 
PET resin is dosed and mixed with relevant additives to give it its desired characteristics. In the case of the production of our CBOPET film, the materials are dosed and mixed separately for each of the core and outer layers.
 
Extrusion/Co-extrusion
 
The mixed material is melted and plasticized to achieve the required homogenous state with the requisite characteristics and then it is filtered and transported to the die unit. Our DMT production line has one main extruder and two co-extruders to allow us to produce CBOPET film.
 
Die Casting
 
The respective mixed materials are extruded from the die unit which produces a flat layered cast sheet and casted on the chill roll which is cooled by the pinning system.
 
Machine Direction Orientation (vertical stretching)
 
The cast sheet is then heated and stretched by machine direction before annealing the cast sheet, which is a process of heat-setting so as to control the shrinkage of the sheet after the vertical stretching.
 
Transversal Direction Orientation (horizontal stretching)
 
After the machine direction stretching, the cast sheet is horizontally stretched before annealing again.
 
Pull Roll Station
 
The stretched sheet is trimmed and measured for thickness. For the production of base film for printing, the surface is treated by corona treatment. Corona treatment is the process which enables the BOPET film to become receptive to printing. At the pull roll station, continuous feedback on the thickness of the BOPET film is also relayed back to the die unit which therefore ensures consistency in the thickness of the BOPET film.
 
Winder
 
The final BOPET film is then wound up into metal rolls in the mill roll by the winder.
 
Slitter
 
The wound BOPET film is then unwound from the metal rolls, divided to the requisite width and length, and wound again into paper core for delivery to customers.
 
21

 
Inventory Management
 
Our warehousing facilities are located in the Shandong Province, PRC. Our total warehousing area is approximately 5,279 sq m. Our warehouses are guarded by security personnel and loss of our inventory is covered under our insurance policies. As of December 31, 2006, our total inventories amounted to approximately RMB 23.8 million and our raw materials, work-in-progress, finished goods and consumables and spare parts made up approximately 44.3%, 8.5%, 45.7% and 1.5% of our inventories, respectively.
 
To ensure an accurate inventory record and to monitor our inventory aging, we conduct monthly stock counts. We typically maintain sufficient raw materials for two weeks’ production. For our finished goods, we typically manufacture such goods upon our receipt of orders. We adopt a first-in-first-out method of inventory control.
 
Our inventory turnover periods (in days) for 2004, 2005 and 2006 were 30.0, 30.2 and 26.0, respectively. Inventory turnover is calculated as 365 days times inventory at period/year end date divided by cost of sales in respect of the financial period/year.
 
There were no provisions for inventory obsolescence, inventory written off or inventory written down to net realizable value in 2005 and 2006.
 
Manufacturing Facilities and Utilization Rates
 
Our existing manufacturing facilities have an aggregate gross built-up area of approximately 26,400 sq m. As of December 31, 2006, we have the following production lines:
 
Production Line
 
Designed Production Capacity
 
Estimated Remaining Life Span
         
Brückner Production Line
     
13,000 tons per annum
     
Approximately 10 years
DMT Production Line
 
16,100 tons per annum
 
Approximately 17 years
 
The designed production capacity as given by the manufacturer is determined based on the assumption of the production of a specific mix of BOPET films of varying thicknesses. As we typically produce 12 micron BOPET film, our operational production capacity (estimated by our management) for our Brückner production line and DMT production line are 13,300 tons per annum and 14,100 tons per annum respectively assuming 7,500 production hours per annum.
 
Our Brückner and DMT production lines have been in use since 1996 and 2003, respectively. The production lines are depreciated on the straight-line method over their respective estimated useful lives.
 
Our approximate annual production volumes and the average annual utilization rates for our facilities for 2004, 2005 and 2006, based on our estimated operational production capacities were as follows.
 
     
Approximate Annual Production Volume
(tons)  
   
Average Annual Utilization Rate
(%)  
 
Production Line
   
2004
 
 
2005
 
 
2006
 
 
2004
 
 
2005
 
 
2006
 
                                       
Brückner Production Line                     
   
11,982
   
12,018
   
12,945
   
90.1
%
 
90.4
%
 
99.6
%
DMT Production Line
   
11,381
   
11,689
   
14,669
   
80.7
%
 
82.9
%
 
91.1
%
 

(1)
lower utilization rate was recorded as we were largely carrying out trial production from November 2003 to the earlier part of 2004 for our DMT production line.
 
There are currently no regulatory requirements that may materially affect the utilization rates of our property, plant and equipment. However, certain of the fixed assets relating to our production lines have been mortgaged in respect of certain of our bank loans as described under “Properties” for further details.
 
Quality Control
 
The quality and reliability of our products are essential for our continued success. We adopt strict measures for quality control in the entire production process of all our products, from the purchase and selection of raw materials, to each stage of the manufacturing processes and to the final inspection of the end products. Our quality control procedures were certified for ISO 9001:2000 compliance in September 2004.
 
As of December 31, 2006, our product inspection and quality control department was comprised of 16 employees. We have one manager, one inspection supervisor, one quality control engineer, 12 end-product inspection technicians and one raw materials inspector. Members of our quality control departments have had relevant training in the area of quality control in accordance with ISO 9001:2000 procedures. Our product inspection and quality control department ensures that our production process, raw materials and end products are of the quality to our customers’ satisfaction. Only products which have been endorsed with our certified quality marks are delivered to our customers.
 
22

 
Raw Materials
 
We adopt and adhere to a set of quality inspection procedures and internal controls for the procurement, selection and quality checks of raw materials. Different types of checks are utilized for different categories of raw materials. Our suppliers are also required to meet our internal qualification criteria such as the quality and pricing of their suppliers, their ability to meet our requirements and timely delivery. We conduct batch inspections for raw materials delivered to us before they are accepted and stored in our warehouses. Defective materials are returned to our suppliers for necessary corrective action to ensure that such defects are not repeated. The raw materials are inspected again prior to selection for use in the production process.
 
Production Process
 
We have established standard operational procedures and implementation rules for each stage of the production process to ensure that our products comply with and adhere to our stringent quality control standards and that our productivity is optimized. We only permit employees who have undergone and completed the relevant training to work on our production lines. At each stage of the production process, our inspectors check and ensure that our production process complies with our quality standards, while our quality control department monitors and ensures that our products-in-process and final products comply with our internal and international standards of quality control by carrying out random sampling of the products.
 
End Products
 
To ensure that our products fulfill our quality criteria established by our product inspection and quality control department, our products undergo final quality inspection upon production, labeling and packaging. Our product inspection and quality control department continues to monitor and ensure that our products are properly handled and stored in our warehouses. Prior to delivery to our customers, our products are inspected one final time to ensure that they are in good condition and not damaged.
 
Maintenance
 
Our maintenance engineers regularly maintain and repair our machinery and equipment to ensure that they are in good working order and functioning properly. We also conduct periodic maintenance of all our machinery on a rotation basis. On an average basis, we replace our filters every 40 days and this replacement process takes about eight hours. We believe that because of our stringent maintenance policies, we have not faced any major disruptions in our production processes due to a breakdown or malfunction of our machinery and equipment. Our monthly average downtime for 2006 (primarily for maintenance) was less than 1.5% of our monthly production time.
 
For 2006, the rejection rates of our products were generally less than 2.0% of our total production volume. Defective or inferior products which do not fulfill our quality control standards are recycled. We ensure that these recycled products meet our customers’ quality standards and requirements before selling them to our customers.
 
New Products
 
By formulating our own blend of additives used in the production of BOPET film, we have introduced a variety of BOPET film products. The following are some of the new products for which commercial production has begun:
 
Product
 
Achievement
     
Laser holographic base film
     
Our laser holographic base film is a directly embossable BOPET film, ideal for holographic applications. This film eliminates the need to coat and prepare substrates for holographic embossing, thus reducing costs for our customers. It can be used for anti-counterfeit purposes and in packaging to help enhance the aesthetic perception of food, medicine, cosmetics, cigarettes and alcohol.
     
Single/double surface matte film
 
Our matte film is mainly used for aesthetically-enhanced packaging purposes. Our ability to produce single-sided matte films offers significant cost savings for our customers as the non-matte side of the film may be used for other applications without further processing.
     
Anti-counterfeit film
 
Our anti-counterfeit film changes color under ultraviolet rays. Accordingly, it is used for packaging branded products for anti-counterfeit purposes.
     
Chemical pretreated film
 
Our film is pretreated in-line and coated, which results in a strong adhesion to ink and aluminum.
 
23

 
New Product Development
 
We have also begun working on the following projects which are currently in the test production phase:
 
Product
 
Objectives
 
Commercialization Date
         
Electrical insulation base film
 
This film is expected to retain a high insulating capacity and is suitable for use by the electrical insulation industry.
 
April 2007
         
High barrier film
 
We use nanotechnology to increase the film’s barrier properties. This film, when used in packaging, preserves the aroma of the products.
 
May 2007
         
Heat-transferring holographic
base film
 
This film is expected to enable direct embossing and transfer of holographic images to other materials without coat and substrate.
 
Second half of 2007
 
We have applied for patents in respect of some of our new processes, technologies and systems used in our business and, as of December 31, 2006, these are pending approvals from the relevant PRC authorities. We do not believe that the denial of any of these applications will affect our ability to continue to manufacture our products on a competitive basis. As our operations expand internationally, we plan to evaluate the benefits of seeking international protection of our intellectual property in relevant markets. In addition to our patent applications, we seek to protect our proprietary know-how by subjecting our employees to confidentiality, non-compete and non-solicitation obligations via our labor contracts with them and restricting access to our research and development center and access to technology know-how to authorized personnel.
 
Our expenditure on research and development, excluding staff salaries and related expenses, in 2004, 2005 and 2006 were as follows (000’s):
 
 
 
  Jan. 1
through
Oct. 26,
2004
 
Aug. 9
through
Dec. 31,
2004
 
Year
Ended
Dec. 31,
2005
 
Year
Ended
December 31,
2006
 
 
 
  RMB
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
                    
Research and Development Expenses                  
   
781
   
131
   
1,157
   
3,650
 
 
We view research and development as an essential part of our business. In the face of increasing competition, we increased our expenditure on research and development from 2004 to 2005, as we believe that higher investment in the development of new products and upgrading of existing products will enhance our ability to compete.
 
Sales, Marketing and Key Customers
 
As of December 31, 2006, our sales and marketing department comprised 18 employees in the domestic sales division and three employees in the international sales division. Our sales and marketing department is responsible for our market penetration, such as cultivating new customers and businesses, and market development such as developing existing accounts through better service support and customer relationship. In addition, we also conduct market research of the flexible packaging industry. Our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Xiaoan He is actively involved in overseeing and supervising our sales and marketing activities and often visits with our clients. We believe that Mr. He’s ability to leverage his many years of experience in the industry to attract new customers and contacts is valuable to our sales and marketing efforts.
 
Customers and Markets
 
Over the last two years, we have established good working relationships with our customers in the flexible packaging industry. Our products are mainly used in the packaging of consumer products such as those relating to processed foods, pharmaceutical products, cosmetics, tobacco and alcohol.
 
The majority of our domestic customers are located in the eastern region of the PRC. Our overseas customers are mostly based in the US, Japan and Southeast Asia. In 2005, sales from our domestic and overseas customers constituted approximately 88% and 12%, respectively, of our annual revenue. In 2006, sales from our overseas customers increased to approximately 21% of our total revenue. Although we are continuing to expand to international markets, as substantially all of our business is currently conducted in mainland China, we have not taken any action outside mainland China to protect our intellectual property. Please see the section entitled “Research and development, patents and licenses” on page 41 for an explanation of the extent to which our products are dependent on intellectual property protection.
 
24

 
The following are our top five customers and their respective percentages of contribution to our total revenue for each of the years ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006:
 
       
  Percentage of Total Revenue (%)
 
Name of Customer
 
2004
 
2005
 
2006
 
   
          
 
          
 
          
 
Pilcher Hamilton Corp.
   
0
   
1.9
   
5.5
 
Gaoyou Secondary Planet Cigarette Material Co., Ltd.
   
0.8
   
1.4
   
3.0
 
Jiangyin Teruida Packaging Technical Co., Ltd
   
1.2
   
2.5
   
2.9
 
Sichuan Yibin Puguang Technology Co., Ltd.
   
0.1
   
3.1
   
2.9
 
Wuxi Guotai Colour Printing Co., Ltd.
   
1.3
   
4.2
   
2.8
 
 
Except for Pilcher Hamilton Corp., none of our customers accounted for more than 5% of our total revenue in any of the previous three years.
 
None of our directors or principal shareholders or any of their affiliates have any interest, direct or indirect, in any of our customers listed above.
 
Since the second half of 2004, we have begun the sale of specialized BOPET products. These products represented approximately 17.6% of our total revenue during the year ended December 31, 2006.
 
Sales
 
Because of our broad range of product offerings and customers, our sales and marketing efforts are generally specific to a particular product, customer or geographic region. Our products are sold by our own direct sales force. These salespeople, including our management, maintain close relationships with customers by paying visits to our customers from time to time to understand their needs, and to obtain their feedback and suggestions. Our sales personnel provide technical support to our customers when required. We also regularly invite our existing and potential customers to our manufacturing facilities for visits as we believe that such visits enable our customers to better understand our production processes and operations and also enhance our customers’ confidence in us.
 
We adopt a risk assessment model to our customer credit management system, and we offer different credit terms to our customers based on criteria such as working relationship, payment history, creditworthiness and their financial position. We offer our domestic customers credit terms of up to 45 days. Our international sales are settled via letters of credit, which generally have payment terms of between 30 and 60 days.
 
We offer a basic salary and commission package for our sales personnel. The scale for the commission payable is dependent on a number of factors such as sales completion targets, debt collection, credit rating of our customers, customer service rendered, customer feedback and development of new customers.
 
Customer Service
 
We place great emphasis on good, fast and effective pre-sales and after-sales customer support services. As such, all our sales personnel have undergone stringent training and have sufficient knowledge and understanding of our products. Our sales personnel are responsible for coordinating and providing after-sales services which include following through with our customers’ orders, maintaining relationships with our customers, handling complaints effectively, ensuring that our customers’ needs are met and understanding the future needs of our customers.
 
Marketing
 
We have the following marketing channels:
 
 
·
we regularly attend trade fairs and exhibitions as we believe that they serve as a good platform for us to exhibit our new products and expand our sales network. In addition, participation in seminars, fairs and exhibitions provides us with opportunities to network with our potential and existing customers and allows us to obtain up-to-date information on new products, market trends and consumer demand;
 
 
·
referrals from existing customers as well as business associates to generate sales leads; and
 
 
·
promotion via our corporate website. Information on our products and services are also found on our corporate website www.fuweifilms.com which allows us to reach out to potential domestic and overseas customers.
 
25

 
Our sales personnel also conduct PRC domestic and overseas market surveys and research. The statistics, findings and information obtained from such surveys and research are then passed on to our management and production department for their analysis on the demand for and supply of our products, which allows them to make adjustments to our production and sales targets as well as our marketing strategies.
 
Suppliers and Raw Materials
 
Suppliers
 
We purchase raw materials according to the relevant technical specifications and production requirements. We select our suppliers based on the following considerations and/or methods:
 
 
·
the consistency of the quality of raw materials supplied and any relevant certifications;
 
 
·
our inspection of the supplier’s quality control system;
 
 
·
positive feedback from the supplier’s other customers;
 
 
·
pricing of raw materials;
 
 
·
timely delivery of raw materials;
 
 
·
the supplier’s financial position and viability;
 
 
·
the service provided by the supplier;
 
 
·
qualifying suppliers by sample testing and batch purchasing of their raw materials; and
 
 
·
annual evaluation and review of our suppliers.
 
The following are the suppliers that supplied 5% or more of our purchases of raw materials for each of the years ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006:
 
   
Percentage of total purchases (%)
 
Name of Supplier
 
Supply
 
2004
 
2005
 
2006
 
       
          
 
          
 
          
 
Sinopec Yizheng
   
PET resin
   
63.4
   
66.6
   
58.5
 
Yizheng Tianbao Polyester Co., Ltd.
   
Additives
   
11.3
   
16.7
   
23.9
 
Jiangyin Xingtai New Material Co., Ltd.
   
PET resin
   
-
   
-
   
6.7
 
Zhuhai Yuhua Polyester Co., Ltd
   
PET resin and additives
   
17.3
   
5.3
   
2.1
 
 
We purchase the majority of our PET resin from Sinopec Yizheng as the quality of its supply of PET resin consistently meets our requirements. We currently have an annual supply agreement with Sinopec Yizheng pursuant to which Sinopec Yizheng has agreed to supply us fixed quantities of PET resin monthly at the prevailing market prices, such supply agreement is renewable annually. We have not entered into any long-term supply contracts with any other supplier. Our purchases from Sinopec Yizheng are on a cash basis. Our other suppliers usually grant us credit terms of up to approximately 90 days. While we believe that there is only a limited number of suppliers of PET resin that can consistently meet our quality and quantity requirements on a timely basis, there are numerous PET resin suppliers in the PRC or overseas market from whom we may easily obtain PET resin, on a short-term basis, if necessary.
 
None of our directors or principal shareholders or any of their affiliates have any interest, direct or indirect, in any of our major suppliers mentioned above.
 
Raw Materials
 
The main raw materials that we purchase from our suppliers are as follows:
 
   
Percentage of Total Purchases (%)
 
Raw Material
 
2005
 
2006
 
  Country
 
PET resin                                                                                                             
   
75.7
   
68.0
   
PRC
 
Additives
   
24.3
   
27.1
   
PRC
 
PET resin
   
-
   
4.9
   
Korea
 
 
The market prices of PET resin and additives may fluctuate due to changes in supply and demand conditions. Any sudden shortage of supply, or significant increase in demand, of PET resin and additives may result in higher market prices and thereby increase our costs of sales. The prices of PET resin and additives are, to a certain extent, affected by the price movement of crude oil. Though the price of the crude significantly increased globally in 2006, the actual demands of PET resins of China’s textile industry decreased, thus resulting in a slight increase in prices of PET resin and additives during 2006.
 
26

 
As we are unable to accurately predict the price movements of such raw materials and to minimize the impact of such price fluctuations on our cost, we generally purchase such raw materials in quantities sufficient for our production process for approximately two weeks. We may also adjust the prices of our end products, when appropriate, and pass such cost increase to our customers.
 
Competition
 
We face intense competition in the PRC plastic film industry. We believe that there are currently many plastic film manufacturers in the PRC and we expect further entrants into this market in the future. Among the flexible packaging industries, in particular those involving packaging of processed food and pharmaceutical products, the primary types of plastic films in the packaging products include BOPET, Biaxially oriented polyester (BOPP); and Biaxially oriented polyamide (BOPA).
 
The following table gives a general comparison of the key differences in the technical specifications and usage of the above types of plastic films.
 
Comparison of BOPP Film, BOPET Film and BOPA Film(1)
 
Features
 
BOPP
 
BOPET
 
BOPA
Water vapor barrier
     
Excellent
     
Fair
     
Poor
Gas barrier properties
 
Poor
 
Excellent
 
Excellent
Break down voltage
 
Poor
 
Excellent
 
Excellent
Machine-ability
 
Fair
 
Excellent
 
Excellent
Print-ability
 
Fair
 
Excellent
 
Fair
Suitability for Metallizing
 
Poor
 
Excellent
 
Fair
Density (gm/cc)
 
Low (0.91)
 
High (1.39)
 
Medium (1.15)
Tensile strength
 
Poor
 
Excellent
 
Excellent
 

(1)
This comparison is based on the book of Biaxially Oriented Plastics Film, edited by Yanping Yin and published by China Chemical Press in August 1999.
 
The production of BOPET film in the PRC presents high barriers to entry such as requiring a large capital investment to acquire or manufacture a production line (approximately US$30 million) and to support productive research and development of new products, and the need for the services of experienced management and personnel with technical expertise. We believe that we are one of the few BOPET film manufacturers in the PRC with research and development capabilities and that these barriers to entry have enabled us to maintain our overall competitive position in the PRC BOPET film market.
 
We believe that the major competitive factors in our industry include:
 
 
·
research and development capability;
 
 
·
quality and reliability of products;
 
 
·
technical/manufacturing capability; and
 
 
·
industry reputation.
 
We believe that our major competitors in BOPET manufacturing are currently:
 
 
·
Dupont Hongji Films Foshan Co., Ltd;
 
 
·
Shanghai Zidong Chemical Plastic Co., Ltd; and
 
 
·
Yihua Toray Polyester Film Co., Ltd.
 
We believe that we have established a good reputation and management track record as a manufacturer of BOPET film and are able to offer quality products.
 
Based upon publicly available information regarding sales in 2004, 2005 and 2006, the following table sets forth the percentage of the PRC market that we have for each of our products as compared to that of our largest competitor:
 
27

 
 
 
Products
   
Fuwei
   
2004
% of Market Dupont Hongji Films Foshan Co., Ltd  
   
Fuwei  
   
2005
% of Market Dupont Hongji Films Foshan Co., Ltd  
   
Fuwei
   
2006
% of Market Dupont Hongji Films Foshan Co., Ltd  
 
Metallization Film
   
16
   
12
   
3
   
8
   
1
   
6
 
Printing Film
   
16
   
20
   
9
   
15
   
8
   
10
 
Stamping Film
   
16
   
30
   
20
   
26
   
35
   
25
 
Matte Base Film
   
100
   
0
   
100
   
0
   
100
   
0
 
Holographic Film
   
100
   
0
   
100
   
0
   
100
   
0
 
 
C.   Organizational structure.
 
The following table set forth the details of our subsidiaries as at the date of this Annual Report:
 
Name
 
Country of Incorporation
 
Ownerships Interests
 
Direct Parent
Fuwei Films (Shandong) Co., Ltd.
 
China
 
100% wholly owned by Direct Parent
 
Fuwei Films (BVI) Co. Ltd.
             
Fuwei (BVI) Co., Ltd.
 
British Virgin Islands
 
100% wholly owned by Direct Parent
 
Fuwei Films (Holding s ) Co. Ltd.
 
D.
Property, plant and equipment.
 
Our corporate headquarters and production and ancillary facilities occupy an area of approximately 74,251 square meters in Weifang City, Shandong Province. The land at our facilities is covered by land use rights held by us. The land use rights for the land upon which our buildings and facilities are located have terms of 50 years, the earliest of which expires in November 2050. All of our research and development, manufacturing, warehousing and administrative functions are conducted at our corporate headquarters. The total gross floor area of production and other facilities owned by us is approximately 29,808 square meters. We own all the buildings and facilities on the premises. Our land use rights, buildings and facilities have been mortgaged to certain banks in the PRC for loans totaling RMB 235.9 million.
 
We are in the process of constructing our new production line located in Weifang Hi & New Technology Development Zone. We anticipate that this new production line will produce BOPET film that is between 50 to 200 microns thick. The BOPET film produced using this new production line is targeted at industrial use, for example, TFT-LCD screen films. We have already begun construction of a new facility to house this new production line and we estimate that we have completed approximately 20% of the construction of this facility. We expect this new BOPET film production line to begin commercial production by the end of the first quarter of 2008. The total investment for this new production line is expected to be approximately RMB 240 million, which we intend to finance through the use of a portion of the net proceeds from this offering and short-term secured borrowings.
 
Item 4A. Unsolved Staff Comments
 
None.
 
Item 5 .   Operating and Financial Review and Prospects
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS   OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with our audited predecessor financial statements and consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report beginning on page F-1. The audited predecessor financial statements and consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The fiscal year ended December 31, 2003 commenced on January 28, 2003, the date of incorporation of Shandong Fuwei. Data for such predecessor periods are not comparable with data subsequent to October 26, 2004 in light of, among other matters, the purchase accounting effects of the share transfer and the different capital structure of the company following the share transfer. The following discussion and analysis contain forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties.
 
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Overview
 
We develop, manufacture and distribute high quality plastic film using the biaxial oriented stretch technique, otherwise known as BOPET film. Since the establishment of our predecessor company in 2003, all of our revenues have been derived from the sales of BOPET film. We sell substantially all of our BOPET film products to customers in the flexible packaging industry located in the eastern region of China. We established an international sales division in June 2004 and have been selling our products into overseas markets, most notably the US, Japan and Southeast Asia.
 
Our Operating History and Corporate Structure
 
The diagram below illustrates our corporate structure:
 
CORPORATE STRUCTURE GRAPH
 
Shandong Fuwei, our PRC operating subsidiary, was formed on January 28, 2003, as a sino-foreign equity joint venture under the name Weifang Fuwei Plastic Co., Ltd. In July 2003, this company began production of BOPET film, initially renting the necessary fixed assets from Shandong Neo-Luck, a company involved in BOPET film production for which Mr. Xiaoming Wang, our current executive officers, served as executive officers at the time.
 
Shandong Fuwei subsequently acquired these fixed assets through two auction proceedings, the first in October of 2003 and the second in December 2004. At the first auction proceeding in October 2003, Shandong Fuwei acquired assets related to the Brückner production line that it had been renting from Shandong Neo-Luck. This line had been previously mortgaged by Shandong Neo-Luck to the Bank of China, Weifang city branch as security for several loans extended to Shandong Neo-Luck’s affiliates. When these loans went into default, the Bank of China brought a series of legal actions in Weifang Municipal People’s Court that resulted in the assets securing the loans being sold at public auction. Following its successful bid at auction, on October 9, 2003, Shandong Fuwei acquired the Brückner production line (with an appraised value of approximately RMB 169 million) for RMB 156 million.
 
In November 2003, Shandong Fuwei’s shares were sold to Shenghong Group Co., Ltd. (“Shenghong Group”) and Shandong Baorui for an aggregate consideration of RMB 98.2 million. Tongju Zhou, one of our directors, and Duo Wang each indirectly own 50% of Easebright Investments Limited (“Easebright”), one of our principal shareholders, and are both officers and directors of Shandong Baorui. Jun Yin and Duo Wang own 17.5% and 4.6%, respectively, of Shandong Baorui. In 2004, Messrs. Zhou and Wang, along with Jun Yin established several offshore holding in the British Virgin Islands and the Cayman Islands to acquire and hold these shares. In October 2004, Fuwei (BVI) entered into a sale and purchase agreement with Shenghong Group and Shandong Baorui pursuant to which Fuwei (BVI) acquired the respective equity interest of Shenghong Group and Shandong Baorui in Shandong Fuwei for an aggregate consideration of RMB 91 million. Shandong Fuwei thereafter became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Fuwei (BVI) and was converted into a wholly-foreign owned enterprise pursuant to PRC law. As a result of this transfer, our financial statements have been prepared with regard to Shandong Fuwei, as the predecessor company, for the period from January 28, 2003 until October 26, 2004 and with regard to Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd and its subsidiaries for periods beginning on and after August 9, 2004. The acquisition was accounted for in accordance with the purchase method of accounting in our financial statements.
 
29

 
As a result of its ongoing financial difficulties, Shandong Neo-Luck was declared bankrupt by the Weifang Municipal People’s Court in the PRC on September 24, 2004. Prior to the bankruptcy, Shandong Neo-Luck’s then major operating asset, the DMT production line, had been pledged by Shandong Neo-Luck to Weifang City Commercial Bank. When Shandong Neo-Luck was declared bankrupt, the Shandong Branch of the Bank of China seized the production line by order of the Qingdao Intermediate People’s Court and the Qingdao Southern District People’s Court while the Weifang Branch of Bank of Communications did so through Weifang Intermediate People’s Court. As such, the effectiveness of the pledge in favor of Weifang City Commercial Bank was under dispute. Subsequently, pursuant to the decision from Weifang Intermediate People’s Court, Weifang City Commercial Bank ranked senior in terms of the right of claims.
 
The pledged DMT production was put up for public auction by the Shandong Neo-Luck liquidation committee on October 22, 2004. In view of the above complexities, the auction was deemed to be tremendously risky at that time, and therefore, our PRC operating subsidiary did not directly participate in the first auction, which began with a bid price of approximately RMB 53 million by reference to an independent valuation performed on a forced sale basis. However, due to the potential tremendous risk involved, the auction had been withdrawn twice and the starting bid price had been further reduced to approximately RMB 34 million and was finally purchased by Beijing Baorui, a company indirectly controlled by Shandong Baorui. When the DMT production line was put for public auction by Beijing Baorui three months later, our PRC operating subsidiary purchased it for approximately RMB 119 million, which was supported by an independent valuation performed on a going concern basis. We considered the arrangement to have the DMT production line acquired through Beijing Baorui through the first auction as an effective way to minimize the risk associated with the uncertainties arising from the bankruptcy of Shandong Neo-Luck. The price difference of approximately RMB 85 million represented a risk premium paid to Beijing Baorui, which bore the ultimate risks of recourse from creditors of Shandong Neo-Luck.
 
We have obtained an opinion of PRC counsel with respect to the validity of the auction proceedings under PRC law, although you should read the description of the opinion set forth under the title “Risk Factors — The circumstances under which we acquired ownership of our main productive assets may jeopardize our ability to continue as an operating business.”
 
Key Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations
 
The following are key factors that affect our financial condition and results of operations and we believe them to be important to the understanding of our business:
 
Raw Material Prices
 
During the period from January 1, 2004 through October 26, 2004, the period from August 9, 2004 through December 31, 2004, and the years ended 2005 and 2006, the total cost of raw materials made up approximately 77.3%, 73.5%, 77.6% and 80.9% of our cost of goods sold, respectively. The primary raw materials used in our production of BOPET film are polyethylene terephthalate (or PET) resin and additives, which made up approximately 72.7%, and 27.3% of our total cost of raw materials in 2006. PET resin trades as a commodity and its market price is influenced significantly by global energy prices, including the price of crude oil. In addition, PET resin is also largely used in the textile industry and accordingly the demand from that industry will also affect the price of PET resin.
 
Although we try to pass on any increase in our raw material costs to our customers, and have generally been able to pass substantially all increases in recent years on to them, we are occasionally constrained in this regard by industry practice and preexisting obligations. We obtain a significant amount of the PET resin used at our facilities from one supplier, who has agreed to supply us fixed quantities of PET resin monthly at the prevailing market price. We have not entered into any other agreements or arrangements with respect to the supply of raw materials used in the production of BOPET film, nor have we engaged in any hedging transactions to limit our exposure to fluctuations in the market prices of these raw materials or their components. We believe that, while their quality and service standards may not be the same as our existing supplier, there are sufficient alternative suppliers of PET resin if our existing supplier is unable to supply us PET resin in the amounts or in the time frame we may require.
 
Prices of Our Products
 
Our BOPET film products generally fall into two categories: commodity products and specialty products. The price of commodity products, such as our printing, stamping foil and metallization films, is typically driven by supply and demand conditions in the market. Our specialty products, such as our laser holographic based film, and our matte and high-gloss films, are not as affected by market conditions and thus we have more control over setting the prices for these products.
 
As selling prices are generally higher for those types of BOPET film products which require higher technical expertise, our revenue will be affected, to certain extent, by our product mix. Our product mix is dependent on, inter alia , our production facilities. Presently, our Brückner production line is capable of producing single-layer BOPET film while our DMT production line is capable of producing both single-layer and three-layer BOPET films.
 
30

 
Demand for Our Products
 
Our BOPET film products are mostly sold to customers in the flexible packaging industry for consumer products such as processed foods, pharmaceutical products, cosmetics, tobacco and alcohol. In the period from January 1, 2004 through October 26, 2004, the period from August 9, 2004 through December 31, 2004 and the fiscal years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006, approximately 97.7%, 81.3%, 87.9% and 79%, respectively, of our total revenue was derived from the PRC. The demand for our products is therefore, to a large extent, affected by the general economic conditions in the PRC. A significant improvement in the economic environment in the PRC will likely improve consumer spending, increase the demand for our customers’ products and consequently increase the demand for our BOPET film.
 
We have been able to expand our product range and markets by introducing new products required by customers. We believe that our technical expertise is important in introducing products that are in demand.
 
Production Capacity and Utilization Rates
 
Our sales volume is limited by our operational annual production capacity.
 
As we grow our business in the future, our ability to fulfill more and larger orders will be dependent on our ability to increase our production capacity. As our business is capital-intensive, our ability to expand our production capacity will depend on, inter alia , the availability of capital to meet our needs of expansion or upgrading of production lines.
 
Competition
 
We believe that we are currently one of the few producers of BOPET film in the PRC with research and development capability. Our past financial performance is attributable to our market position in the industry. Over time, there may be new entrants into our industry. We believe that our major competitors in the BOPET manufacturing market in the PRC are Dupont Hongji Films Foshan Co., Ltd, Shanghai Zidong Chemical Plastic Co., Ltd and Yihua Toray Polyester Film Co., Ltd.
 
Our ability to enhance existing products, introduce new products to meet customers’ demand, deliver quality products to our customers and maintain our established industry reputation will affect our competitiveness and our market position.
 
Our ability to compete against new and existing competitors to maintain or improve our market position and secure orders will affect our revenue and financial performance.
 
Description of Certain Statements of Income Line Items
 
Revenues
 
Revenue from sale of our domestic BOPET film products is recognized when significant risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred to the buyer. No revenue is recognized if there are significant uncertainties regarding recovery of the consideration due, associated costs or the possible return of goods, or when the amount of revenue and costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction cannot be measured reliably. In respect of our overseas sales, we ship directly to the destinations of our overseas customers and our revenue is recognized at the time when we receive customs clearance of our exports. Most of our overseas sales were conducted on a Cost, Insurance and Freight (or “CIF”) basis, meaning that we pay the costs and freight necessary to get the products to the port of destination, and the risk of loss is transferred from us to the buyer when the goods pass the ship’s rail at the port of destination. In addition, we have to procure marine insurance against the buyer’s risk of loss of damage to the goods during the carriage. Most of our sales invoices are denominated in the Renminbi Yuan, although certain of our overseas sales are denominated in US dollars.
 
31

 
Cost of Goods Sold
 
Our cost of goods sold comprises mainly materials costs, factory overheads, packaging materials and direct labor. The breakdown of our cost of goods sold in percentage is as follows:
 
 
 
Jan. 1
through
Oct. 26,
2004  
 
Aug. 9
through
Dec. 31,
2004  
 
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2005  
 
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2006  
 
Materials costs
   
77.9
%
 
86.3
%
 
77.6
%
 
80.9
%
Factory overhead
   
18.4
%
 
10.8
%
 
18.8
%
 
15.9
%
Packaging materials         
   
2.9
%
 
2.3
%
 
2.8
%
 
2.6
%
Direct labor
   
0.8
%
 
0.6
%
 
0.8
%
 
0.6
%
 
Material Costs
 
As noted above, the raw materials used in our BOPET film production are PET resin and additives, which made up approximately 72.7% and 27.3%, respectively of our total materials costs in 2006.
 
Factory Overhead
 
For the periods prior to October 26, 2004, factory overhead comprises primarily of depreciation, operating lease expenses relating to our Brückner production line and subcontracting charges relating to our DMT production line, electricity and water charges, freight costs, and repair and maintenance of our machinery and equipment. The total freight costs related to the transporting of raw materials to our warehouse included in factory overhead amounted to RMB 90,000 for these periods.
 
For periods beginning on and after October 27, 2004, factory overhead comprises primarily of depreciation, electricity and water charges, freight costs, and repair and maintenance of our machinery and equipment. The total freight costs related to the transporting of raw materials to our warehouse included in factory overhead amounted to RMB   391,000 for these periods.
 
Packaging Materials
 
Our packaging materials comprise, among others, packaging pallets and carton boxes, used for the packaging of our BOPET film products for delivery to customers. Generally, our unit cost of packaging materials does not fluctuate significantly and our total costs for packaging materials typically vary in line with our sales volume.
 
Direct Labor
 
Direct labor cost includes salaries, wages, bonuses and other payments to our employees in the PRC who are involved in the production of our products. The main factors affecting our direct labor cost are the demands and supply of semi-skilled labor and the implementation or changes of any new government policies or laws relating to employment such as defined contribution plans stipulated by the PRC municipal government.
 
Operating Expenses
 
Our operating expenses are comprised of administrative expenses, distribution expenses and other operating expense.
 
Our administrative expenses are comprised mainly of allowance for doubtful trade receivables, administrative staff salaries and related welfare costs, entertainment expenses, depreciation charges of office equipment, furniture and fixtures, amortization charges relating to our trademark and land use rights, professional fees, government duties and fees, insurance expenses, rental expenses, travel expenses, office expenses, research and development expenses, and other miscellaneous expenses.
 
Our distribution expenses are comprised mainly of freight costs, travel expenses, selling and promotion expenses as well as salaries, allowances and welfare benefits paid to our sales and marketing personnel.
 
For the periods prior to October 26, 2004 and after October 27, 2004, we recorded outbound freight costs for distributing goods to customers of RMB5.3million and RMB 23.7 million, respectively, and such costs were recorded in distribution expenses. All inbound freight costs are recorded in cost of goods sold.
 
32

 
Our gross margins may not be comparable to those of other entities, since some entities include all of the costs related to their distribution network in cost of goods sold.
 
Other operating expenses are comprised mainly of loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment and other miscellaneous expenses.
 
F inance Costs
 
Finance costs are comprised mainly of interest expense relating to our loans and interest paid on discounting outstanding accounts receivable.
 
Income Tax Expense
 
Shandong Fuwei has been granted preferential tax treatment by the Tax Bureau of the PRC. According to the PRC Income Tax Law and various approval documents issued by the Tax Bureau, Shandong Fuwei’s profit is taxed at a rate of 15%, as a “High Technology Enterprise.”
 
For the period from January 28, 2003 to December 31, 2004, Shandong Fuwei was granted certain tax relief under which it was exempted from PRC income tax. As of January 2005, Shandong Fuwei has been a wholly foreign-owned enterprise under the laws of the PRC. Accordingly, Shandong Fuwei is entitled to tax concessions whereby the profit for the first two financial years beginning with the first profit-making year (after setting off tax losses carried forward from prior years) is exempt from income tax in the PRC and the profit for each of the subsequent three financial years is taxed at 50% of the prevailing tax rates set by the relevant tax authorities.
 
On March 16, 2007, the National People’s Congress of the PRC passed the Enterprise Income Tax Law of the People’s Republic of China, which law will take effect as of January 1, 2008 (the “New Tax Law”). Under the New Tax Law, domestic enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises will generally become subject to a unified enterprise income tax rate of 25%, except that enterprises incorporated prior to March 16, 2007 may continue to enjoy existing preferential tax treatments until January 1, 2013. As a result of the New Tax Law, even if Shandong Fuwei continues to maintain its high-tech enterprise status, Shandong Fuwei will be subject to the increased 25% unified enterprise income tax rate on January 1, 2013.
 
Inflation
 
Inflation in the PRC has not had any material impact on our business in 2004, 2005 and 2006. According to the National Bureau of Statistics of China, the change in the consumer price index in China was 3.9%, 1.8% and 1.5% in 2004, 2005 and 2006, respectively.
 
Critical Accounting Policies
 
We prepare our financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, which requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of our assets and liabilities, to disclose contingent assets and liabilities on the date of the financial statements, and to disclose the reported amounts of revenues and expenses incurred during the financial reporting period. We continue to evaluate these estimates and assumptions based on the most recently available information, our own historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. We rely on these evaluations as the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Since the use of estimates is an integral component of the financial reporting process, actual results could differ from those estimates. Some of our accounting policies require higher degrees of judgment than others in their application. We consider the policies discussed below to be critical to an understanding of our financial statements as their application assists management in making their business decisions.
 
Goodwill Impairment . Goodwill is tested for impairment at least annually based on a two-step approach. The first step is conducted by comparing the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, the second step requires a comparison of the implied fair value of goodwill to its carrying value. The excess of the fair value of the reporting unit over the amounts assigned to the assets and liabilities is the implied fair value of goodwill. This allocation process is only performed for purposes of evaluating goodwill impairment and does not result in an entry to adjust the value of any assets or liabilities. An impairment loss is recognized for any excess in the carrying value of goodwill over its implied fair value.
 
We have determined that Shandong Fuwei, our operating subsidiary in the PRC, is the reporting unit for goodwill impairment testing. The fair value of Shandong Fuwei is determined based on the discounted expected cash flow method. The discount rate was based on the subsidiary’s weighted average cost of capital. The use of discounted cash flow methodology requires significant judgments including estimation of future revenues and costs, industry economic factors, future profitability, determination of Shandong Fuwei’s weighted average cost of capital and other variables. Although we believe that the assumptions adopted in our discounted cash flow model are reasonable, those assumptions are inherently unpredictable and uncertain.
 
33

 
We had goodwill of RMB 10.3 million, as of December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006. The estimated fair value of the reporting unit significantly exceeded its carrying value at December 31, 2006. Consequently, no goodwill impairment has been recognized.
 
Collectibility of Accounts Receivable . Our management has a credit policy in place and the exposure to credit risk is monitored on an ongoing basis. Credit evaluations are performed on all customers requiring credit over a certain amount. Generally, we offer our customers in the PRC credit terms of up to 45 days. Our international sales are settled via letters of credit, which generally have payment terms of between 30 and 60 days.
 
We adopt a risk assessment model to our customer credit management system, and we offer different credit terms to our customers based on criteria such as working relationship, payment history, creditworthiness and their financial position. All credit terms are to be approved by our finance department, in consultation with our sales and marketing department. For extension of larger credit limits, approvals have to be sought from our credit committee which is made up of members from our finance department, sales department and the General Manager. Our finance department and sales and marketing department review our outstanding debtor balances on a monthly basis and follow up with customers when payments are due. We do not impose interest charges on overdue balances.
 
As of December 31, 2006, our largest trade debtor was Jiangyin Teruida   Package Technology Co., Ltd,, a company based in the Jiangsu Province of PRC. The trade receivables from Jiangyin Teruida   Package Technology Co., Ltd amounted to approximately RMB2.4 million as of December 31 2006, all of which were within the credit term granted.
 
We make specific allowance for doubtful trade receivables when our management takes the view (taking into account the aging of trade receivables and in consultation with our sales and marketing department) that we will not be able to collect the amounts due. Our customers pay by installments, creating long accounts receivable cycles. We provide for an allowance for doubtful accounts based on our best estimate of the amount of losses that could result from the inability or intention of our existing customers not to make the required payments. We generally review the allowance by taking into account factors such as historical experience, age of the accounts receivable balances and economic conditions.
 
Specific write-off of trade receivables is made when the outstanding trade receivables have been due for more than two years.
 
The analysis of the allowance for doubtful amounts for 2004, 2005 and 2006 is as follows (000’s):
 
   
Jan. 1
through
Oct. 26,
2004
 
Aug. 9
through
Dec. 31,
2004
 
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2005
 
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2006
 
Year Ended
Dec. 31,
2006
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
Balance at beginning of period/year
   
   
   
1,008
   
2,015
   
258
 
Bad debt expense/(recovery)
   
   
1,008
   
1,007
   
(1,143
)
 
(146
)
Write-offs
   
   
   
   
   
 
Balance at end of period/year
   
   
1,008
   
2,015
   
872
   
112
 
 
Impairment of Long-lived Assets . We review periodically the carrying amounts of long-lived assets, including property, plant and equipment and intangible assets, to assess whether they are impaired. We test these assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable such as a change of business plan, technical obsolescence, or a period of continuous losses. When we determine an asset or asset group is not recoverable, we adjust the carrying amount to fair value. We measure the recoverability of assets by comparing the carrying amount of an asset to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset, or, for identifiable intangibles with finite useful lives, by determining whether the amortization of the intangible asset balance in the remaining life can be recovered through undiscounted future cash flows. In determining estimates of future cash flows, significant judgment in terms of projection of future cash flows and assumptions is required. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized for the excess of the carrying amount of the asset over its fair value. Fair value is determined by discounting forecasted cash flow or utilizing an observed market value if readily determinable. There have been no impairment charges recognized for the periods/year ended January 1, 2004 through October 26, 2004, August 9, 2004 through December 31, 2004, December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2006.
 
34

 
Results of Operations
 
The following discussion of our results of operations is based upon our audited predecessor financial statements and audited consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-1 in this annual report. Data for Shandong Fuwei for the period ended October 26, 2004 have not been aggregated with the results for the Company for the period ended December 31, 2004 as such periods are not comparable in light of, among other matters, the purchase accounting effect of Shandong Fuwei on October 27, 2004. To illustrate, the fair value adjustment of inventories of RMB 4.9 million of Shandong Fuwei at the date of acquisition has lowered the gross profit for the period October 27, 2004, to December 31, 2004 by an equivalent amount while the fair value adjustments of property, plant and equipment and lease prepayments at the date of acquisition have decreased the depreciation by RMB 157,000 (year ended December 31, 2005: RMB 941,000) and increased amortization by RMB 23,000 (year ended December 31, 2005: RMB 70,000) respectively for the period October 27, 2004, to December 31, 2004.
 
The table below sets forth certain line items from our Statement of Income as a percentage of revenues:
 
     
Jan. 1
through
Oct. 26, 2004  
 
 
Aug. 9
through
Dec. 31, 2004  
 
 
Year Ended
Dec. 31, 2005  
 
 
Year Ended
Dec. 31, 2006  
 
     
(as a % of revenues)
 
Gross Profit
   
27.6
   
21.3
   
25.2
   
23.5
 
Operating expenses
   
3.7
   
6.1
   
6.1
   
5.6
 
Other income/(expense)
   
(2.4
)
 
1.7
   
(2.6
)
 
(2.2
)
Income tax (expense)/benefit
   
   
0.4
   
   
(0.2
)
Net income
   
21.5
   
17.3
   
16.5
   
15.5
 
 
December 31, 2006 compared to December 31, 2005
 
Revenues
 
Our revenue can be analyzed as follows:
 
 
 
December 31,
2005
(RMB in
thousands)
 
% of Total
 
December 31,
2006
(RMB in
thousands)
 
% of Total
 
                   
Printing film
   
103,682
   
29.9
   
95,315
   
21.8
 
Stamping film
   
94,711
   
27.4
   
99,856
   
22.9
 
Metallization film
   
39,647
   
11.5
   
34,772
   
8.0
 
Base film for other applications                              
   
59,826
   
17.3
   
46,784
   
10.7
 
Special film
   
48,339
   
13.9
   
160,157
   
36.7
 
     
346,205
   
100.0
   
436,884
   
100
 
 
During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, our revenues were RMB 436.9 million, RMB 90.7 million or 26.2% higher than the same period for last year. In 2006, sales of special films were RMB 160.2 million and 36.7% of our total revenues as compared to RMB 48.3 million and 13.9% in 2005, RMB 111.9 million or 22.8% higher than last year. The significant increase was largely attributable to the increase in sales volume by over 22% and an increase in the sales of heat-sealable films, high-gloss films, and other special films as more customers shifted to use high-end special films for packaging to enhance their product image, and continued growth in export sales to the United States, Canada and Korea, which command a higher selling price as compared to other non-special films.  We expect that the sales of special film will continue to increase in the future.
 
Cost of Goods Sold
 
Our cost of goods sold amounted to RMB 334.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2006, and was RMB 259.1 million or 29.0% higher than last year. The increase was generally in line with the increase in sales as a result of the increase in export sales.. In 2006, total export sales was RMB91.8 million and 21.0% of our total revenues as compared to RMB 41.8 million and 12.1% in 2005, RMB 50.0 million or 119.6% higher than last year.
 
Gross Profit
 
Our gross profit during the year ended December 31, 2006 amounted to RMB 102.5 million representing a gross margin of 23.5%. Gross margin decreased from 25.2% for the year ended December 31, 2005 to 23.5% in 2006 mainly due to the increase in the price of raw materials in 2006 as a result of the increase in global oil prices, although we increased the price of our products by approximately 3.2% to offset a portion of the 5% increase in the price of raw materials.
 
35

 
Operating Expenses
 
Our operating expenses during the year ended December 31, 2006, amounted to RMB 24.5 million, RMB 3.4 million or 16.1% higher than last year. During the 2006 year, our operating expenses as a percentage of revenue was 5.6% which was comparable with that in the previous comparable period of 6.1%.
 
Other Income/(Expense)
 
Our other expenses during the year ended December 31, 2006, amounted to RMB 9.6 million, 7.4% higher than previous comparable period. The increase was mainly due to the decrease of interest income by RMB 0.86 million, as compared to the previous year.
 
Income Tax Expense
 
The effective tax rate was 1.1% 2006 and (0.1)% in 2005. The low effective tax rates were primarily attributable to the fact that our operating subsidiary Shandong Fuwei enjoyed income tax exemption during both periods pursuant to the prevailing PRC income Tax Law.
 
Fiscal Year Ended 2005
 
Revenues
 
Our revenue can be analyzed as follows:
 
 
 
2005
 
% of Total
 
   
(RMB in thousands)
     
Printing film
   
103,682
   
29.9
 
Stamping film
   
94,711
   
27.4
 
Metallization film
   
39,647
   
11.5
 
Base film for other applications                                    
   
59,826
   
17.3
 
Special film
   
48,339
   
13.9
 
     
346,205
   
100.0
 
 
Our revenues were RMB 346.2 million in 2005. During 2005, we experienced a decline in the average selling price of our products by 4.2% as a result of the entry of new manufacturers and increased competition in the commercial BOPET market. The products experiencing the most significant price declines were printing film, stamping film and base film. We expect this pricing trend to continue as a result of increased competition in the market.
 
Cost of Goods Sold
 
Our cost of goods sold amounted to RMB 259.1 million in 2005. Our cost of goods sold are affected by the purchase price of our primary raw materials. While the prices of PET resin and additives are, to a certain extent, affected by the price movements of crude oil which generally increased globally in 2005, the actual demands of PET resins in China’s textile industry declined as a result of the implementation of a new quota system for exporting textiles to the United States and other European countries, thus resulting in a decline in prices of PET resin and additives by 4.8% during 2005 which led to cost of goods sold in 2005, as a percentage of revenue, being lower when compared to the preceding period.
 
Gross Profit
 
Our gross profit for 2005 was RMB 87.1 million, representing a gross margin of 25.2%. This gross margin was higher than in the preceding period mainly as a result of increased volume which was partially offset by the decline in average selling price in 2005. The sales of our commercial BOPET films contributed approximately 86% of our total sales in 2005. In order to maintain our competitiveness in the industry, we lowered the selling price of our commercial products by approximately 4%. Based on anticipated increased levels of competition, we expect this trend to continue until the second half of 2007.
 
36

 
Operating Expenses
 
Our operating expenses were RMB 21.1 million in 2005. During 2005, our operating expenses as a percentage of revenue were slightly higher than in the preceding period as a result of our increased distribution costs due to our increase in export sales to markets outside of the PRC.
 
Other Income/(Expense)
 
Our other income/(expense) was RMB (8.9) million in 2005. Other income/(expenses) in 2005 included a full year of significantly higher interest costs due to our new capital structure following the acquisition of the DMT production line. Our total outstanding interest-bearing borrowings were approximately RMB 248.0 million at December 31, 2005.
 
Income Tax Benefit
 
Our income tax benefit was RMB 0.059 million in 2005. The effective tax rate was (0.1)% in 2005, primarily attributable to the fact that our operating subsidiary, Shandong Fuwei, enjoyed income tax exemption during 2005 pursuant to the prevailing PRC Income Tax Law.
 
Period from August 9, 2004 through December 31, 2004
 
Revenues
 
Our revenue can be analyzed as follows:
 
 
 
Aug. 9, 2004 through
Dec. 31, 2004
 
% of Total
 
 
 
(RMB in thousands)
     
Printing film
   
25,154
   
30.9
 
Stamping film
   
19,695
   
24.2
 
Metallization film
   
17,666
   
21.7
 
Base film for other applications                                    
   
17,679
   
21.8
 
Special film
   
1,170
   
1.4
 
     
81,364
   
100.0
 
 
During the period from August 9, 2004 through December 31, 2004, our revenues were RMB 81.4 million. During this period, we experienced generally higher levels of volume of sales for each of our products, with minimal fluctuation in pricing for our products, as the increased competition that affected our pricing in 2005 had not yet become a significant factor in our markets.
 
Cost of Goods Sold
 
Our cost of goods sold amounted to RMB 64.0 million for the period from August 9, 2004 through December 31, 2004. Increases in raw material prices due to crude oil price increases in 2004 led to generally higher levels of cost. The textile exporting quotas, which impacted the demand for PET resins in 2005, did not impact the prices we paid for raw materials during this period.
 
Gross Profit
 
Our gross for the period from August 9, 2004 through December 31, 2004 was RMB 17.3 million, representing a gross margin of 21.3%. Our gross margin was significantly lower than in earlier periods due to the increases in raw material prices mentioned above. The sales of our commercial BOPET films contributed approximately 98.6% of our total revenues during this period.
 
Operating Expenses
 
Our operating expenses were RMB 4.9 million during the period from August 9, 2004 through December 31, 2004, slightly higher as a percentage of revenue due to shipping costs associated with our commencement of exports to overseas markets.
 
Income Tax Benefit
 
Our income tax benefit was RMB 0.3 million during the period from August 9, 2004 through December 31, 2004. The effective tax rate was (2.0)% during this period and this was primarily attributable to the fact that our operating subsidiary, Shandong Fuwei, enjoyed income tax exemption during 2004 pursuant to the prevailing PRC Income Tax Law.
 
37

 
Predecessor
 
Period from January 1, 2004 through October 26, 2004
 
Revenues
 
Our revenue can be analyzed as follows:
 
 
 
Jan 1, 2004 through
Oct 26, 2004
 
% of Total
 
 
 
(RMB in thousands)
     
Printing film
   
124,405
   
43.5
 
Stamping film
   
55,907
   
19.5
 
Metallization film
   
76,697
   
26.8
 
Base film for other applications                                    
   
28,110
   
9.8
 
Special film
   
995
   
0.4
 
     
286,114
   
100.0
 
 
Our revenues during the period from January 1, 2004 through October 26, 2004 was RMB 286.1 million. Contributing to these revenues were sales of RMB 6.6 million to overseas markets (principally United States of America. Japan and Europe) commenced in 2004. By the end of the year we had secured 11 overseas customers for our BOPET film products. Compared to the preceding period, our sales volume increased substantially by RMB 191.0 million while the pricing of our products declined as a result of increased competition in the market. The change in volume was the result of full operation of production line in 2004 as we commenced commercial production of BOPET film products in July 2003. The pricing of our products was mainly driven by market demand.
 
Cost of Goods Sold
 
Our cost of goods sold amounted to RMB 207.2 million during the period from January 1, 2004 through October 26, 2004. The increases in raw material prices due to crude oil price increases contributed to the higher levels of costs as a percentage of revenues, when compared with preceding period.
 
Gross Profit
 
Our gross profit was RMB 79.0 million during the period from January 1, 2004 through October 26, 2004. Our higher revenues contributed to these profits. Overall gross margin during this period was 27.6%. Our gross margin decreased during this period by 2.2% as a result of the increase in raw materials prices, and decline in the selling prices of our commercial products.
 
Operating Expenses
 
Our operating expenses were RMB 10.6 million during the period from January 1, 2004 through October 26, 2004. As a percentage of revenue, operating expenses decreased slightly in this period when compared with the preceding period, primarily due to our spreading out of our fixed costs as compared to the previous period.
 
Other Income/(Expense)
 
Our other income/(expense) was RMB (6.8) million during the period from January 1, 2004 through October 26, 2004. This includes increased interest costs due to our new capital structure following the acquisition of the DMT production line.
 
Income Tax Expense
 
Our income tax was RMB 0.03 million during the period from January 1, 2004 through October 26, 2004. The effective tax rate was 0.04% during this period. The low effective tax rate was primarily attributable to the fact that our operating subsidiary, Shandong Fuwei, enjoyed income tax exemption during this period pursuant to the prevailing PRC Income Tax Law. The income tax expense of RMB 0.03 million during this period was mainly attributable to the recognition of deferred tax liabilities resulting from the difference between the capitalization of interest under PRC tax law and US GAAP.
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
Since inception, our sources of cash were mainly from cash generated from our operations and borrowings from financial institutions and capital contributed by our shareholders.
 
38

 
Our capital expenditures in 2006 have been primarily financed through short-term borrowings from financial institutions. The interest rates of short-term borrowings from financial institutions during the three year period from 2004 to 2006 ranged from 5.31% to 7.25%, and these borrowings may not be prepaid prior to maturity. We believe that our principal banker in Shandong Province had been granting shorter-term loans to its customers as a result of the efforts of the bank branch to reduce the level of its long-term loans.
 
Since our inception, we have incurred significant amounts of secured short-term financing to fund our acquisition of the Brückner and DMT production lines and for our working capital needs. At December 31, 2006, these borrowings totaled RMB 237.67 million including seven different loan agreements with three different financial institutions in the PRC. Subsequently, we renegotiated substantially all of our outstanding indebtedness resulting in approximately RMB 152.6 million less of secured indebtedness. Management believes that the reduced debt will cut down our financial cost in 2007. Each of the related loan agreements contains provisions regarding collateral, covenants prohibiting us from engaging in certain activities (including selling, mortgaging or otherwise disposing of or encumbering all or substantially all of our assets or before any merger, acquisition, spin-off, or other transaction resulting in a change in our corporate structure) without the lenders consent and acceleration (and setoff) provisions in the event of default in payment or failure to comply with such covenants.
 
We have also entered into a contract relating to a third production line and are in the process of determining our capital requirements in this regard. The total purchase price of our new thick BOPET film production line is estimated to be approximately RMB 240 million. According to the construction schedule of the third production line, management would be in the position to apply for new bank loans when extra capital are needed.
 
We are of the opinion that, after taking into consideration our present banking facilities, existing cash and the expected cash flows to be generated from our operations, we have adequate sources of liquidity to meet our short-term obligations, and our working capital and planned capital expenditure requirements.
 
A summary of our cash flows for 2004 and 2005 and 2006 is as follows:
 
     
Jan. 1
through
Oct. 26, 2004  
 
 
Aug. 9
through
Dec. 31, 2004  
 
 
Year Ended
Dec. 31, 2005  
 
 
Year Ended
Dec. 31, 2006  
 
     
(RMB in thousands)  
 
Net cash generated from operating activities
   
18,946
   
60,877
   
43,587
   
58,492
 
Net cash used in investing activities
   
(66,491
)
 
(40,464
)
 
(31,479
)
 
(43,479
)
Net cash generated from/(used in) financing activities
   
43,600
   
(14,510
)
 
(10,583
)
 
227,499
 
Effect of foreign exchange rate change
   
   
   
(1
)  
 
 
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
   
(3,945
)
 
5,903
   
1,524
   
242,512
 
Cash and cash equivalents as at the beginning of the period/year
   
16,089
   
   
5,903
   
7,427
 
Cash and cash equivalents as at the end of the period/year
   
12,144
   
5,903
   
7,427
   
249,939
 
Operating Activities
 
Net cash from operating activities was RMB 58.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2006 as compared to RMB 43.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2005. This increase is primarily attributable to improving stock turnover, together with sales volume outweighing production volume during the period. This was, however, partly offset by higher levels of accounts receivable resulting from increase in number of new customers obtained during the last quarter of 2006.
 
39

 
Our main source of operating cash was receipts from customers, with cash payments to acquire raw materials as our main use of operating cash. Both receipts from customers and payments to vendors increased during the year due to higher sales volumes compared to the previous period. During this period we experienced an increase in bills receivables of RMB29.5 million as a result of increase in new customers who are required to pay by bills with maturity period from one to six months.
 
Net cash from operating activities was RMB 43.6 million in 2005. Our main source of operating cash was receipts from customers, with cash payments to acquire raw materials as our main use of operating cash. Both receipts from customers and payments to vendors increased during the year due to higher sales volumes compared to the previous period. During this period we experienced (i) an increase in trade receivables as a result of longer credit period of 30 days granted to customers in order to maintain a long term business relationship; and (ii) an increase in inventories as a result of increase in finished goods level to meet anticipated sales orders in early 2006. In order to generate growth in sales, more inventories were accumulated towards the year end and a longer credit period was offered to creditworthy customers, thereby lowering cash flows from operating activities.
 
Net cash from operating activities was RMB 60.9 million in the period from August 9, 2004 through December 31, 2004. Our main source of operating cash was receipts from customers with cash payments to acquire raw materials as our main use of operating cash. During the period, we generally offered a credit of 7 days to our customers.
 
Predecessor
 
Net cash from operating activities was RMB 18.9 million in the period from January 1, 2004 through October 26, 2004. Our main source of operating cash was receipts from customers, with cash payments to acquire raw materials as our main use of operating cash. While we experienced significant growth in sales when compared to the previous period, more cash was locked up in the accounts receivable due to longer credit period granted to customers during the period.
 
Investing Activities
 
Net cash used in investing activities was RMB(43.4 million) in 2006, and was generally higher as a result of an increase in purchases of property, plant and equipment. Our main acquisitions during the year included construction in progress of RMB33.3 million in connection with a new production line.
 
Net cash used in investing activities was RMB 31.5 million in 2005, and was generally lower as a result of a decrease in purchases of property, plant and equipment. Our main acquisitions during the year included construction in progress of RMB 20.5 million in connection with a new production line. In addition, we made deposits of RMB 13.9 million for certain new production facilities to be delivered in future periods.
 
Net cash used in investing activities was RMB 40.5 million in the period from August 9, 2004 through December 31, 2004. We made a final payment of RMB 57.1 million to acquire the DMT production line during this period, the effect of which was partly offset by cash of RMB 12.1 million acquired from the purchase of Shandong Fuwei during the same period.
 
Predecessor
 
Net cash used in investing activities was RMB 66.5 million in the period from January 1, 2004 through October 26, 2004. We purchased plant and machinery of RMB 27.4 million and made a deposit of RMB 25.9 million for the acquisition of DMT production line during the period.
 
Financing Activities
 
Net cash generated from financing activities was RMB 227.5 million in the year ended December 31, 2006 as compared to RMB 10.6 million used in financing activities during the year ended December 31, 2005. In December 2006, the Company was successfully listed on the NASDAQ Global Market and received net proceeds of RMB235.9 million.
 
Net cash used in financing activities was RMB 10.6 million in 2005. This was attributable to the net proceeds received from new bank loans of RMB 47.5 million in 2005 (excluding the bank loans of RMB 199.6 million assumed upon purchase of Shandong Fuwei in October 2004), which was used to finance the capital expenditure in relation to the new production line and was offset by the payment of a dividend of RMB 26.3 million in 2005 and repayment of advance from related parties of RMB 30.0 million in 2005.
 
40

 
Net cash used in financing activities was RMB 14.5 million in the period from August 9, 2004 through December 31, 2004. This was mainly the result of RMB 15.5 million in dividends paid to our shareholders during the period.
 
Predecessor
 
Net cash generated from financing activities was RMB 43.6 million for the period from January 1, 2004 through October 26, 2004. This is attributable to proceeds from new short-term borrowings amounting to RMB 207.6 million to fund mainly the acquisition of the DMT production line, offset by the repayment of short-term bank loans of RMB 164 million during this period.
 
Foreign Exchange Exposure
 
Translations
 
Our reporting currency is RMB. The functional currency of our operating subsidiary in the PRC is RMB and our operating subsidiary also maintains its books and records in RMB. Accordingly, we are not exposed to any material foreign currency translation effects.
 
Transactions
 
We are, to a certain extent, exposed to transaction foreign currency exposure arising from our operations in the PRC.
 
All of our revenue in 2003 was denominated in RMB. We began conducting part of our sales in foreign currency in 2004 with the commencement of our overseas sales business. In the periods from January 1, 2004 through October 26, 2004, August 9, 2004 through December 31, 2004, during 2005 and 2006, approximately 97.7%, 81.3%, 87.9%, and 79.0%, respectively, of our revenue was denominated in RMB and the remainder was in US dollars. As all of our supplies are procured within the PRC, all of our purchases are denominated in RMB. All of our operating expenses are also denominated in RMB.
 
Our foreign currency exchange risk arises mainly from this mismatch between the currency of our sales, purchases and operating expenses. To the extent that our sales, purchases and operating expenses are not matched in exactly the same currency, we may be susceptible to foreign exchange exposure.
 
In addition, we also maintain a US dollars account with a financial institution for our US dollars receipts and US dollars payments. We may also incur foreign exchange gains or losses when we convert the US dollars balances into RMB.
 
Currently, we do not have a formal foreign currency hedging policy as our foreign exchange gains and losses in 2004, 2005 or 2006 were insignificant. Our management believes that it is more efficient for us to assess the hedging need of each transaction on a case-by-case basis. We will continue to monitor our foreign exchange exposure in the future and will consider hedging any material foreign exchange exposure should such need arise.
 
Capital Expenditures and Contractual Commitments
 
Capital Expenditures
 
Our capital expenditures in 2004, 2005 and 2006 were as follows:
 
 
 
 
Jan. 1
through
Oct. 26, 2004
 
 
Aug. 9
through
Dec. 31, 2004
 
 
Year Ended
Dec. 31, 2005
 
 
Year Ended Dec. 31,
2006
 
   
  (RMB in thousands)
 
Buildings
   
1,046
   
   
   
 
Plant and equipment
   
27,381
   
119,730
   
1,412
   
37,051
 
Motor vehicles
   
501
   
   
433
   
 
Assets under construction
   
9,750
   
81
   
20,505
   
 
Others (computer and furniture fittings)
   
180
   
124
   
61
   
422
 
Total
   
38,858
   
119,935
   
22,411
   
37,473
 
 
Our capital expenditures in the periods from January 1, 2004 to October 26, 2004 and from August 9, 2004 through December 31, 2004 are mainly comprised of our acquisition of assets relating to the DMT production line from Shandong Neo-Luck. Our capital expenditures in 2005 mainly relate to our new production line.
 
41

 
The following table summarizes our contractual commitments as of December 31, 2006 and the effect those commitments are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flow in future periods:
 
       
Payments Due by Period
 
Contractual Commitments
 
Total
 
Less than
1 Year
 
1-3 Years
 
3-5 Years
 
More than
5 Years
 
   
(RMB in thousands)
     
Equipment Purchase Contract(i)
   
189,279
   
189,279
   
   
   
 
Related party loans
   
   
   
   
   
 
Bank loans(ii)
                               
Principal
   
239,678
   
239,678
   
   
   
 
Interest
   
30
   
30
   
   
   
 
Operating leases(iii)
   
1,330
   
840
   
490
   
   
 
 
                     
   
 
Total
   
430,317
   
429,827
   
490
   
   
 
 

(i)
The purchase of equipment has been financed by the sale of our ordinary shares and in the future would be financed by bank borrowings and internally generated funds from operations.
 
(ii)
We had short-term bank loans of RMB 237.67 million at December 31, 2006, that were due at various times in the in 2006 and early 2007. We renegotiated substantially all of our outstanding indebtedness resulting in approximately RMB 152.6 million less of secured indebtedness. Our obligations under our existing loans have been mainly met through the cash flow from our operations and our financing activities. In the past, cash flow from operations has been sufficient to meet payment obligations and/or we have been able to extend our borrowings. In the event that our cash flows are insufficient to satisfy these obligations, we may consider additional bank loans, issuing bonds, or other forms of financing to satisfy our capital requirements.
 
(iii)
The interest expenses are estimated based on the interest rate of short-term borrowings adopted by People Bank of China on April 28, 2006 plus an estimated risk premium on borrowing.
 
  (iv)
The operating leases mainly relate to our rental of warehouse and staff quarters. The term of these leases typically ranges from 1 to 5 years, and are renewable, subject to renegotiation of terms, upon expiration. We intend to finance these operating leases from our cash flows from operations.
 
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Contingent Liabilities
 
We do not have any off-balance sheet guarantees, any outstanding derivative financial instruments, interest rate swap transactions or foreign currency forward contracts.
 
Inflation
 
Inflation in China has not had a material impact on our results of operations in recent years. According to the National Bureau of Statistics of China, the change in the consumer price index in China was 3.9%, 1.8% and 1.5% in 2004, 2005 and 2006, respectively.
 
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
 
FASB Interpretation No. 48 . In July 2006, FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes - an Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (“FIN 48”), which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in the Group’s financial statements in accordance with SFAS No.109, Accounting from Income Taxes. FIN 48 provides guidance on the measurement, recognition, classification and disclosure of tax positions, along with accounting for the related interest and penalties. FIN 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006, and is to be applied to all open tax years as of the date of effectiveness. We do not expect the adoption of FIN 48 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
 
SFAS No.157 . In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No.157, “Fair Value Measurements”. SFAS No.157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No.157 applies under other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements, the FASB having previously concluded in those accounting pronouncements that fair value is the relevant measurement attribute. Accordingly, SFAS No.157 does not require any new fair value measurements. Under SFAS No.157, fair value refers to the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants in the market in which the reporting entity transacts. Under SFAS No.157, fair value measurements would be separately disclosed by level within the fair value hierarchy. SFAS No.157 is effective for financial statements issued by fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. We do not expect the adoption of SFAS No.157 to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
 
42

 
Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108 . In September 2006 the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108, “Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements” (“SAB 108”). SAB 108 provides interpretive guidance on how the effects of the carryover or reversal of prior year misstatements should be considered in quantifying a current year misstatement. The SEC staff believes that registrants should quantify errors using both a balance sheet and an income statement approach and evaluate whether either approach results in quantifying a misstatement that, when all relevant quantitative and qualitative factors are considered, is material. SAB 108 is effective for the Company’s fiscal year ending December 31, 2006. The initial adoption   of SAB 108 had no impact on the consolidated financial statements.
 
Research and development, patents and licenses, etc.
 
We rely on copyright, patent, trademark and other intellectual property law, nondisclosure agreement and technical know-how to protect our intellectual property and proprietary rights. We enter into confidentiality and licensing agreements with our employees, suppliers and distributors. Our senior employees and employees who work in our research and development department and other technical departments are required to sign agreements acknowledging that we own the rights to all technology, inventions, trade secrets, works of authorship, developments and other processes generated in connection with their employment with us or their use of our resources or relating to our business or our property and that they must assign any ownership rights that they may claim in those works to us. As substantially all of our business is currently conducted in mainland China, we have not taken any action outside mainland China to protect our intellectual property.
 
As of the date of this annual report, we have received four patents from, and have three patent applications pending with, the Patent Office of the National Intellectual Property Office of China with respect to our BOPET film technology. Two of these applications are not being used in our production process as they require expensive imported raw materials and, most importantly, they have been replaced by the films used in LCD and electronic products in the market.
 
We currently sell our products in the PRC under our brand “Fuwei Films.” We have a pending application for the registration of the trademark “Fuwei Films” with the Trademark Bureau of the State Administration of Industry and Commerce in the PRC. We previously sold our products under the brand name “Neo-Luck” for which we own the trademark. All the rights accruing to the Neo-Luck trademark were transferred from Shandong Neo-Luck to Shandong Fuwei for a consideration of RMB362,400 by a transfer agreement dated July 20, 2003.
 
Our ability to compete in our markets and to achieve future revenue growth will depend, in significant part, on our ability to protect our proprietary technology and operate without infringing upon the intellectual property rights of others. An infringement upon these rights may reduce or eliminate any competitive advantage we have developed, causing us to lose sales or otherwise harm our business. We are not aware of any infringement or unauthorized use of our intellectual property rights. We will take appropriate legal actions to protect our rights if there is any unauthorized use or infringement of our rights in the future. To date, we have not been sued for infringement of intellectual property rights by any third party.
 
Trend Information
 
Other than as disclosed elsewhere in this Annual Report, we are not aware of any trends, uncertainties, demands, commitments or events that are reasonably likely to have a material effect on our net sales, profitability, liquidity or capital resources, or that caused the disclosed financial information to be not necessarily indicative of future operating results or financial conditions.
 
Item 6.   Directors, Senior Management and Employees
 
A.   Directors and senior management.
 
Our directors and executive officers and their present positions with our company, as at the date of this Annual Report, are as follows:
 
43

 
Directors and Executive Officers
 
Name
 
Age
 
Position
         
Xiaoan He
     
44
     
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and director
Lin Tang
 
35
 
Director and Chief Financial Officer
Tongju Zhou
 
49
 
Director
Mark E. Stulga
 
50
 
Independent Director
Changrong Ji
 
61
 
Independent Director
Bin Sun
 
51
 
General Manager
Xiaoming Wang
 
46
 
Deputy General Manager (Production)
Xiuyong Zhang
 
36
 
Deputy General Manager (Finance)
Bo Xu
 
43
 
Secretary
 
Information about Directors and Officers
 
Set forth below is certain information with respect to each director and officer as of December 31, 2006:
 
Xiaoan   He has been the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of our Company since 2005 and is responsible for the formulation and implementation of our business strategies and management of our business operations. Mr. He has gained more than ten years of management experience in the plastics and packaging industries in the PRC. From June 2004 to January 2005, Mr. He was our General Manager responsible for our daily operation and management. Prior to joining us as the General Manager in June 2004, Mr. He was the general manager of Suzhou Broadway Plastic Packaging Co., Ltd from 1996 to 2003. From 1990 to 1996, he was the vice general manager at Suzhou Xiangxuehai Freezer Co., Ltd and from 1983 to 1990, he was the vice general manager at Suzhou Marine Machinery Co., Ltd. Mr. He obtained his EMBA from the China Europe International Business School in 2003 and Bachelor in Engineering from the Shanghai Jiaotong University in 1983. Mr. He is also the Vice Chairman of the China Association of Manufacturers of Polyester Film (CANPEF).
 
Lin Tang has been our Chief Financial Officer and a director since May 2006. Prior to joining us as the CFO, Mrs. Tang was a partner of the Beijing Yongtuo CPA Firm from August 2000 to April 2006, and from January 1998 to July 2000, she was the Audit Mgr./Supervisor of Shandong Zhengyuan Hexin CPAs, Shandong. Mrs. Tang obtained her MBA from the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Tsinghua University.
 
Tongju Zhou has been director of our Company since April 2005. Prior to joining us as a Director in April, 2005, Mr. Zhou was the general manager of Weifang Neo-Luck (Group) Co., Ltd. during 2004 and prior to that he was the vice general manager from 1995 to 2004. Weifang Neo-Luck (Group) Co., Ltd. is a state-owned corporation. Weifang Neo-Luck owned 59% of Shandong Neo-Luck. Mr. Zhou obtained his Bachelor degree in Administration from PRC Central Party Learning Institute in 1995.
 
Mark E. Stulga has been a director of our Company since June 2006. Mr. Stulga has a broad range of diverse global experience with industrial products and performance materials, including packaging materials, paint coatings and resins, software and industrial equipment. Since January 2005, he has been the Chief Operating Officer of RPM Industries, Inc., a portfolio company of The Hillman Company, an industrial motor manufacturing and supply company that distributes pumps for proprietary applications for use in construction and mining equipment. Mr. Stulga has served as Managing Director for Six Sigma Capital, a company he formed to serve the private equity community with advisory and interim management services, from 2003-2005. From 2001 to 2003, Mr. Stulga was the Chief Executive Officer of GE ISIM, a division of General Electric Capital Corporation which manufactured vehicle simulators that were used for training emergency responders. From 1998 to 2001, Mr. Stulga worked for NLG Plastics, Inc., an affiliate of one of the Neo-Luck Group companies. Earlier in his career Mr. Stulga held senior positions at GE plastics and Illinois Tool Works. Mr. Stulga received his Bachelor degree from University of Pittsburgh in Political Science in 1980 and in 1987, he received his MBA in Finance from Wayne State University.
 
Changrong Ji has been a director of our company since March 2007. Mr. Ji is currently the Investigation Officer of the People’s Bank of China, Weifang city central branch. Mr. Ji was the president of People’s Bank of China, Weifang City central branch   from 2001 to 2004 and was the president of People’s Bank of China, Weihai City central branch   from 1999 to 2001. From 1989 to 1997, Mr. Ji was the vice-president of People’s Bank of China, Weifang city central branch. H e joined the State Administration of Foreign Exchange , Weifang branch as its deputy director from 1989 to 1997 and was appointed as the director of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange , Weihai branch from 1999 to 2001. Mr. Ji was the director of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange , Weifang branch from 2001 to 2004. Mr. Ji obtained his Master’s degree in Economics in 1999 from Shanghai Fudan University and his bachelor’s degree in international economics in 1993 from East China Normal University .
 
44

 
Bin Sun has been the General Manager of our Company since January 2007 and is responsible for the general management of our business operations. Mr. Sun has gained more than ten years of management experience in the Mechanical & Electrical and plastics industries before he joined us. Mr. Sun was the general manager of Jiangsu Geliling Group from 2005 to 2006, and he was the general manager of Wuxi Dayu Electric Group from 2002 to 2004. Mr. Sun obtained his Master degree in Economics from the Renmin University of China in 1994 and bachelor in Engineering from the Northwestern Polytechnical University in 1981.
 
Xiaoming Wang has been our Deputy General Manager since January 2005 and is responsible for the management of our production facilities. Prior to joining us, Mr. Wang was the vice manager of Weifang Engine Manufacturing Co. from 1986 to 1998 and the deputy general manager of Shandong Neo-Luck from 1998 to 2003. Mr. Wang was certified as a professional economist by the Shandong Province Human Resources Committee in 2001 and obtained a certificate in Economics Management awarded by the PRC Central Party Learning Institute and obtained a certificate in Business Enterprises Operational Management from the Shandong Television University in 1986.
 
Xiuyong Zhang has been the Deputy General Manager of our Company since January 2005 and is responsible for the day-to-day management of our financial and taxation matters in the PRC. Prior to joining us as a director in July 2004, Mr. Zhang had accumulated more than 10 years of experience in accounting and financial work. Mr. Zhang was the vice-head of an audit firm, Shandong Zhengyuan Hexin Auditors, Weifang branch from 1999 to 2004. From 1991 to 1999, he was an accounting supervisor at the main office of the Weifang City Local Products Company. Mr. Zhang was jointly certified as a public valuer by the Ministry of Personnel and Ministry of Finance in the PRC in 2004. He was certified as an accounting professional by the Ministry of Finance of the PRC in 1997. He graduated in Financial Accounting from the Shandong Television University in 1996.
 
Bo Xu joined the Company in October 2006 and was appointed as the Secretary of the Company in December 2006. From 2002 to September 2006, he was the director of finance for Beijing Platinum Investment Co., Ltd. where he was in charge of accounting and finance. Prior to that, he was a finance manager at Weifang Wanyou Enterprise Co., Ltd. from 1993 to 2002. Mr. Xu received his bachelor in finance from Weifang Staff and Worker’s University in 1989.
 
None of our directors or officers are related to each other; and to the best of our knowledge and belief, there are no arrangements or understandings with any of our principal shareholders, customers, suppliers, or any other person, pursuant to which any of our directors or executive officers were appointed.
 
The business address of our directors and executive officers is No. 387 Dongming Road, Weifang Shandong, People’s Republic of China, Postal Code: 261061.
 
Board Committees
 
Our board of directors has appointed an Audit Committee, Compensation Committee and a Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee, and adopted charters for each of these committees. We have appointed one independent director to each of our committees.
 
Audit Committee
 
Our audit committee consists of Mark Stulga, Lin Tang and Changrong Ji. The audit committee will oversee our accounting and financial reporting processes and the audits of our financial statements. The audit committee is responsible for, among other things:
 
 
·
selecting the independent auditors and pre-approving all auditing and non-auditing services permitted to be performed by the independent auditors;
 
 
·
reviewing and approving all proposed related-party transactions;
 
 
·
discussing the annual audited financial statements with management and the independent auditors;
 
 
·
annually reviewing and reassessing the adequacy of our audit committee charter;
 
 
·
meeting separately and periodically with management and the independent auditors;
 
 
·
reviewing such other matters that are specifically delegated to our audit committee by our board of directors from time to time; and
 
 
·
reporting regularly to the full board of directors.
 
45

 
Compensation Committee
 
Our compensation committee consists of Mark Stulga and is responsible for, among other things:
 
 
·
reviewing and determining the compensation package for our senior executives;
 
 
·
reviewing and making recommendations to our board with respect to the compensation of our directors;
 
 
·
reviewing and approving officer and director indemnification and insurance matters;
 
 
·
reviewing and approving any employee loan in an amount equal to or greater than RMB 100,000; and
 
 
·
reviewing periodically and approving any long-term incentive compensation or equity plans, programs or similar arrangements, annual bonuses, employee pension and welfare benefit plans.
 
Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee
 
Our corporate governance and nominating committee consists of Mark Stulga and is responsible for, among other things:
 
 
·
identifying and recommending to the board nominees for election or re-election to the board;
 
 
·
making appointments to fill any vacancy on our board;
 
 
·
reviewing annually with the board the current composition of the board in light of the characteristics of independence, age, skills, experience and availability of service to us;
 
 
·
identifying and recommending to the board any director to serve as a member of the board’s committees;
 
 
·
advising the board periodically with respect to significant developments in the law and practice of corporate governance as well as our compliance with applicable laws and regulations, and making recommendations to the board on all matters of corporate governance and on any corrective action to be taken; and
 
 
·
monitoring compliance with our code of business conduct and ethics, including reviewing the adequacy and effectiveness of our procedures to ensure proper compliance.
 
Duties of Directors
 
Under Cayman Islands laws, our directors have a common law duty of loyalty to act honestly in good faith with a view to our best interests. Our directors also have a duty to exercise the skill they actually possess and such care and diligence that a reasonably prudent person would exercise in comparable circumstances. In fulfilling their duty of care to us, our directors must ensure compliance with our memorandum of association. A shareholder has the right to seek damages if a duty owed by our directors is breached. You should read “Description of Share Capital - Differences in Corporate Law” for a more complete discussion of these matters.
 
B.   Compensation.
 
Compensation of Directors and Executive Officers
 
All directors receive reimbursements from us for expenses which are necessary and reasonably incurred by them for providing services to us or in the performance of their duties. Our directors who are also our employees receive compensation in the form of salaries, housing allowances, other allowances and benefits in kind in their capacity as our employees. Our directors do not receive any compensation in their capacity as directors in addition to their salaries and other remunerations as members of our management team. We pay their expenses related to attending board meetings and participating in board functions.
 
The aggregate cash compensation and benefits that we paid to our directors and executive officers as a group (8 persons) for the year ended December 31, 2006 was approximately RMB 0.33 million. No executive officer is entitled to any severance benefits upon termination of his or her employment with our company.
 
Employment and Service Agreements
 
Directors
 
We have also entered into an additional Employment Agreement as of April 27, 2005 with Mr. He for the position of Chief Executive Officer for a three year period effective December 25, 2006. Under this agreement Mr. He’s annual basic salary will be RMB 960,000 and he will be eligible for a discretionary bonus. After the initial three year period, either party can terminate the Employment Agreement upon three months prior written notice or by paying the other party a sum equal to three months salary in lieu of such notice. The agreement may also be terminated by either party without prior notice or payment pursuant to the applicable provisions of the China Labor Law.
 
46

 
Executive Officers
 
Each of our executive officers, Bin Sun, Xiaoming Wang, Xiuyong Zhang and Xu Bo, have entered into service agreements (the “Service Agreements” and each a “Service Agreement”) with us. The term of service for the executive officers is also for an initial fixed period of three years (the “Initial Period”) commencing from March 1, 2006, or December 6, 2006 in the case of Mr. Xu, and we entered into a service agreement with Bin Sun from January 2007. We may only terminate the Service Agreement prior to the expiration of the Initial Period (save by mutual agreement and except as provided in the Service Agreement) upon the occurrence of certain events including, without limitation, for cause, disability or personal bankruptcy. The term of service of each of our executive officers shall be renewed for successive periods of one year each after the expiration of the Initial Period. The Service Agreement can be terminated by not less than three months’ notice in writing served by either party to the Service Agreements (save that such notice of termination may not be given by the executive officers during the Initial Period). We shall have the option to pay the executive officer salary in lieu of any required period of notice of termination. Under the terms of their respective Service Agreements, each of Xiaoming Wang, Xiuyong Zhang and Xu Bo is entitled to an annual basic salary of RMB 38,300, RMB 36,800 and RMB 30,000 respectively. Their annual salaries may be revised at the discretion of the Compensation Committee. We may pay them discretionary management bonuses for any financial year, the payment and the amount of which are subject to the approval of the Compensation Committee. Except for the payment in lieu of notice described above, there are no provisions for benefits for termination of employment of our executive officers under the Service Agreements.
 
Share Option Plan
 
We plan to adopt a share option plan that is a share incentive plan, the purpose of which is to recognize and acknowledge the contributions the eligible participants had or may have made to our company. The share option plan will provide the eligible participants an opportunity to have a personal stake in our company with the view to achieving the following objectives:
 
 
·
motivate the eligible participants to optimize their performance efficiency for the benefit of our company; and
 
 
·
attract and retain or otherwise maintain an on-going business relationship with the eligible participants whose contributions are or will be beneficial to our long-term growth.
 
Indemnification
 
Cayman Islands law does not limit the extent to which a company’s memorandum of association may provide for indemnification of officers and directors, except to the extent any such provision may be held by the Cayman Islands courts to be contrary to public policy, such as to provide indemnification against civil fraud or the consequences of committing a crime. Pursuant to our memorandum and memorandum of association, our directors and officers, as well as any liquidator or trustee for the time being acting in relation to our affairs, will be indemnified and secured harmless out of our assets and profits from and against all actions, costs, charges, losses, damages and expenses that any of them or any of their heirs, executors or administrators may incur or sustain by reason of any act done, concurred in or omitted in or about the execution of their duties in their respective offices or trusts. Accordingly, none of these indemnified persons will be answerable for the acts, receipts, neglects or defaults of each other; neither will they be answerable for joining in any receipts for the sake of conformity, or for any bankers or other persons with whom any moneys or effects belonging to us may have been lodged or deposited for safe custody, or for insufficiency or deficiency of any security upon which any moneys of or belonging to us may be placed out or invested, or for any other loss, misfortune or damage which may happen in the execution of their respective offices or trusts. This indemnity will not, however, extend to any fraud or dishonesty which may attach to any of said persons.
 
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling us pursuant to the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.
 
C.   Board practices.
 
Our Articles provide that our board of directors shall consist of not less than two directors. Each director shall retire from office at least once every three years, but a director who is appointed by the board shall retire at the next annual general meeting of our Company following his appointment. A retiring director shall be eligible for re-election.
 
D.   Employees.
 
As of December 31, 2006, our total staff consisted of 216 employees.
 
47

 
We do not have any collective bargaining agreements with our employees. We have never experienced any material labor disruptions and are unaware of any current efforts or plans to organize employees. We believe we have good relationships with our employees.
 
Item 7.
Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions
 
A.
Major shareholders.  
 
The following table sets forth information with respect to the beneficial ownership, within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act, of our ordinary shares, as of the date of this annual report for:
 
 
·
each person known to us to own beneficially more than 5% of our ordinary shares; and
 
 
·
each of our directors and executive officers who beneficially own our ordinary shares.
 
Beneficial ownership includes voting or investment power with respect to the securities. Except as indicated below, and subject to applicable community property laws, the persons named in the table have or share the voting and investment power with respect to all ordinary shares shown as beneficially owned by them. The number of our ordinary shares used in calculating the percentage for each listed person includes any options exercisable by such person within 60 days after the date of this annual report. Percentage of beneficial ownership is based on 13,062,500 ordinary shares outstanding as of December 31, 2006.
 
   
  Shares Beneficially
Owned
 
 
 
  Number
 
Percent
 
            
Executive Officers and Directors:                                                 
          
Xiaoan He
 
 
 
 
Lin Tang
 
 
 
 
Tongju Zhou(1)
   
1,837,497
   
14
%
Mark E. Stugla
   
   
 
Changrong Ji
   
   
 
Bin Sun
   
   
 
Xiaoming Wang
   
   
 
Xiuyong Zhang
   
   
 
Bo Xu
   
   
 
All directors and executive officers as a group (8 persons)
   
1,837,497
   
14
%
               
5% Shareholders:
             
Apex Glory Holdings Limited(2)
   
6,912,503
   
53
%
Easebright Investments Limited (1)
   
1,837,497
   
14
%
 

 
(1)
Easebright Investments Limited is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Goodsuccess Enterprises Ltd. Mr. Tongju Zhou and Mr. Duo Wang each own 50% of Goodsuccess Enterprises Ltd.
 
(2)
Apex Glory Holdings Limited is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Eastfaith Holdings Limited, a British Virgin Islands corporation. Mr. Jun Yin is the sole shareholder of Eastfaith Holdings Limited.
 
Except as disclosed below, there were no related party transactions with major shareholders during the period Commencing January 1, 2004 and ending December 31, 2006.
 
B.
Related party transactions.  
 
Our Related-Party Transaction Policies
 
We have conducted our related-party transactions on normal commercial terms that we believe are fair and reasonable and in the interests of our shareholders as a whole. We believe that the terms of our related-party transactions are comparable to the terms we could obtain from independent third parties. Our related-party transactions are subject to the review and approval of the audit committee of our board of directors.
 
The transactions and balances with related parties are analyzed as follows:
 
48

 
(a)   Transactions with related parties
 
Shareholders’ Loan Agreements
 
For the purpose of financing the acquisition of Shandong Fuwei, our wholly-owned PRC operating subsidiary, in October 2004, we borrowed from each of our principal shareholders Apex Glory Holdings Limited (“Apex”) and Easebright Investments Limited (“Easebright”) HK$67,830,000 and HK$18,020,000, respectively. These borrowings did not bear any interest. We then loaned HK$85,850,000, interest free, to our wholly-owned subsidiary Fuwei (BVI) and Fuwei (BVI) entered into a sale and purchase agreement with Shenghong Group Co., Ltd. and Shandong Baorui Investment Co., Ltd (“Shandong Baorui”), pursuant to which Fuwei (BVI) acquired the respective equity interest of Shenghong Group and Shandong Baorui in Shandong Fuwei for an aggregate consideration of RMB 91 million. Shandong Fuwei thereafter became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Fuwei (BVI) and was converted into a wholly-foreign owned enterprise pursuant to PRC law. Tongju Zhou, a director, and Duo Wang each indirectly own 50% of Easebright and are both also officers and directors of Shandong Baorui. Jun Yin, the indirect sole shareholder of Apex, and Duo Wang own 17.5% and 4.6%, respectively, of Shandong Baorui. Apex and Easebright converted all outstanding shareholder loans into an aggregate of 8,749,229 ordinary shares on November 23, 2006.
 
On October 28, 2005, Shandong Baorui guaranteed a one year loan to us by the Agricultural Bank of China in the principal amount of RMB 6,800,000. This loan bears interest at the rate of 7.254% per annum.
 
On October 27, 2004, Weifang Neo-Luck (Group) Co., Ltd. (“Weifang Neo-Luck”), an entity for which our director Tongju Zhou was the General Manager, collectively with two of its subsidiaries, guaranteed two one-year loans at 5.841% interest per annum from China Construction Bank and Agricultural Bank of China to the Shandong Fuwei totaling RMB 23,200,000. Also on October 27, 2004, Weifang Fuwah Hotel Co. Ltd. (“Fuwei Hotel”), an entity owned by Weifang Neo-Luck, guaranteed a one-year loan at 5.841% interest per annum to Shandong Fuwei from China Construction Bank totaling RMB 1,300,000.
 
Acquisition of Assets
 
In October of 2003, Shandong Fuwei acquired the assets relating to the Brückner production line through a public auction as a result of a default on several loans extended to affiliates of Shandong Neo-Luck Plastic Co., Ltd (“Shandong Neo-Luck”) by the Bank of China, Weifang city branch. Our current executive officers Xiamong Wang and Yongping Bai both acted as executive officers for Shandong Neo-Luck.
 
Due to ongoing financial difficulties, Shandong Neo-Luck was declared bankrupt by the Weifang Municipal People’s Court in the PRC in September 2004. The assets of Shandong Neo-Luck, consisting primarily of assets related to the DMT production line, were put up for public auction in accordance with the insolvency laws of the PRC on September 27, 2004. Beijing Baorui Guarantee Co., Ltd. (“Beijing Baorui”), purchased these assets for approximately RMB 34 million. Three months later, Beijing Baorui put these assets up for sale at public auction and Shandong Fuwei acquired them for approximately RMB 119 million. At the time of the acquisition by Beijing Baorui, Shandong Baorui held a 10% ownership in Shandong Fuwei and owned 80% of Beijing Baorui and at the time of the sale to Shandong Fuwei, Mr. Zhou and Mr. Wang indirectly controlled Shandong Fuwei through Easebright.
 
Other Related Party Transactions
 
During the periods/years ended 2004, 2005 and 2006, we respectively paid approximately RMB 231,000, RMB 201,000 and RMB 151,000 (US $19,000) to Fuhua Industrial Material Management Co., Ltd. as rental payments in connection with living quarters for our staff. Fuhua Material Management Co., Ltd. is an entity that is owned and controlled by Weifang Neo-Luck.
 
In 2004, we paid RMB 400,000 as a deposit for expenses relating to a conference we hosted at the facilities of Fuwah Hotel. Weifang Neo-Luck is the owner of Fuwah Hotel.
 
Prior to the acquisition of the DMT production line through auction as described above, Shandong Fuwei paid Shandong Neo-Luck a sub-contracting fee at a rate of RMB 871.46 per ton for the use of the DMT production line.
 
C.   Interests of experts and counsel.
 
Not Applicable.
 
Item 8.
Financial Information
 
A.
Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information.
 
49

 
Our consolidated financial statements are included herein under Item 18.
 
We have not paid any dividends on our ordinary shares. The payment of dividends in the future, if any, is within the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend upon our earnings, its capital requirements and financial condition and other relevant factors. We do not anticipate declaring or paying any dividends in the foreseeable future.
 
Legal Proceedings
 
In April 2006, we received a request for arbitration and related papers in an arbitration proceeding between DMT S. A. (“DMT”) and Shandong Neoluck Plastics Co. Ltd. (“Neoluck”). The arbitration was filed in the ICC International Court of Arbitration and seeks monetary damages against Neoluck of approximately $1,250,000, plus interest. The claim relates to Neoluck’s purchase of certain equipment from DMT (the subject equipment is the DMT production line we acquired from Beijing Baroui in 2005 in Neoluck’s bankruptcy). We do not have any contract with DMT, written or otherwise, let alone one requiring we arbitrate before the ICC International Court of Arbitration. Despite our arguments to the Court of Arbitration that we are not subject to arbitration, in January 2007 the ICC notified us that it would permit DMT’s claim to proceed against us (rather than Neoluck, which is bankrupt).  We have not yet answered the request for arbitration. Although we intend to vigorously oppose the claim, we may become obligated to pay damages if the three (3) arbitrators hearing the matter conclude that we (rather than Neoluck) should be responsible for Neoluck’s debt to DMT.
 
B.
Significant Changes.
 
Not Applicable
 
Item 9.
The Offer and Listing.
 
A.
Offer and listing details.
 
We have authorized capital of 20,000,000 ordinary shares, par value US$0.129752 each. As of March 30, 2007, 13,062,500 shares were issued and outstanding.
 
50

 
The annual high and low market prices of our ordinary shares for the five most recent full financial years and subsequent period are as set forth below:
 
   
Ordinary Shares
 
(Year Ending)
 
High
 
Low
 
December 31, 2006 (commencing December 19)
 
$
18.43
 
$
8.30
 
 
The high and low market prices of our ordinary shares for each financial quarter over the two most recent full financial years and subsequent period are as set forth below:
 
   
Ordinary Shares
 
(Quarter Ending)
 
High
 
Low
 
December 31, 2006 (commencing December 19)
 
$
18.43
 
$
8.30
 
March 29, 2007
 
$
17.14
 
$
8.00
 
               
 
For the most recent six months, the high and low market prices of our ordinary shares are as set forth below:
 
   
Ordinary Shares
 
(Month Ending)
 
High
 
Low
 
December 31, 2006 (commencing December 19)
 
$
18.43
 
$
8.30
 
January 2007
 
$
17.14
 
$
11.67
 
February 2007
 
$
12.36
 
$
9.01
 
March 29, 2007
 
$
10.97
 
$
8.00
 
 
B.
Plan of Distribution.
 
Not Applicable.
 
C.
Markets.
 
Our ordinary shares were included for quotation on the Nasdaq Global Market on December 18, 2006 under the symbol “FFHL”.
 
D.
Selling Shareholders.
 
Not applicable .
 
E.
Dilution.
 
Not applicable.
 
51

 
F.
Expenses of the issue.
 
Not Applicable.
 
Item 10.
Additional Information.
 
A.
Share capital.
 
Not Applicable.
 
B.
Memorandum and articles of association.
 
We are a Cayman Islands company and our affairs are governed by our memorandum and articles of association and the Companies Law (2004 revision) of the Cayman Islands, or the Companies Law. We have filed copies of our complete memorandum and articles of association as exhibits to this Annual Report.
 
As of the date of this Annual Report, our authorized share capital consisted of 20,000,000 ordinary shares, par value US$0.129752 per share. As of the date of this Annual Report, 13,062,500 ordinary shares were issued and outstanding, and no preference shares were issued and outstanding.
 
Ordinary Shares
 
We were incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands as an exempted company. A Cayman Islands exempted company:
 
·     
is a company that conducts its business outside the Cayman Islands;
 
·     
is exempted from certain requirements of the Companies Law, including the filing of any annual return of its shareholders with the Registrar of Companies or the Immigration Board;
 
·     
does not have to make its register of shareholders open to inspection; and
 
·     
may obtain an undertaking against the imposition of any future taxation.
 
The following summarizes the terms and provisions of our share capital, as well as the material applicable laws of the Cayman Islands. This summary is not complete, and you should read our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, filed as exhibits to this Annual Report.
 
The following discussion primarily concerns ordinary shares and the rights of holders of ordinary shares.
 
Protection of Minority Shareholders
 
The Grand Court of the Cayman Islands may, on the application of shareholders holding not less than one fifth of our shares in issue, appoint an inspector to examine our affairs and report thereon in a manner as the Grand Court shall direct.
 
Any shareholder may petition the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands which may make a winding up order, if the court is of the opinion that it is just and equitable that we should be wound up.
 
Claims against us by our shareholders must, as a general rule, be based on the general laws of contract or tort applicable in the Cayman Islands or their individual rights as shareholders as established by our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association.
 
52

 
The Cayman Islands courts ordinarily would be expected to follow English case law precedents which permit a minority shareholder to commence a representative action against, or derivative actions in our name to challenge
 
·     
an act which is ultra vires or illegal;
 
·     
an act which constitutes a fraud against the minority shareholder and the wrongdoers are themselves in control of us; and
 
·     
an irregularity in the passing of a resolution which requires a qualified (or special) majority.
 
Pre-emption Rights
 
There are no pre-emption rights applicable to the issue of new shares under either Cayman Islands law or our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association.
 
Modification of Rights
 
Except with respect to share capital (as described below) alterations to our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association may only be made by special resolution of no less than two-thirds of votes cast at a meeting of the shareholders.
 
Subject to the Companies Law, all or any of the special rights attached to shares of any class (unless otherwise provided for by the terms of issue of the shares of that class) may be varied, modified or abrogated with the sanction of a special resolution passed at a separate general meeting of the holders of the shares of that class.
 
The provisions of our amended and restated articles of association relating to general meetings shall apply similarly to every such separate general meeting, but so that the quorum for the purposes of any such separate general meeting or at its adjourned meeting shall be a person or persons together holding (or represented by proxy) not less than one third in nominal value of the issued shares of that class, every holder of shares of the class shall be entitled on a poll to one vote for every such share held by such holder and that any holder of shares of that class present in person or by proxy may demand a poll.
 
The special rights conferred upon the holders of any class of shares shall not, unless otherwise expressly provided in the rights attaching to or the terms of issue of such shares, be deemed to be varied by the creation or issue of further shares ranking pari passu therewith.
 
Alteration of Capital
 
We may from time to time by ordinary resolution:
 
·     
increase our capital by such sum, to be divided into shares of such amounts, as the resolution shall prescribe;
 
·     
consolidate and divide all or any of our share capital into shares of larger amount than our existing shares;
 
·     
cancel any shares which at the date of the passing of the resolution have not been taken or agreed to be taken by any person, and diminish the amount of our share capital by the amount of the shares so cancelled subject to the provisions of the Companies Law;
 
·     
sub-divide our shares or any of them into shares of smaller amount than is fixed by our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, subject nevertheless to the Companies Law, and so that the resolution whereby any share is subdivided may determine that, as between the holders of the share resulting from such subdivision, one or more of the shares may have any such preference or other special rights, over, or may have such deferred rights or be subject to any such restrictions as compared with, the others as we have power to attach to unissued or new shares; and
 
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·     
divide shares into several classes and without prejudice to any special rights previously conferred on the holders of existing shares, attach to the shares respectively as preferential, deferred, qualified or special rights, privileges, conditions or such restrictions which, in the absence of any such determination in a general meeting, may be determined by our directors.
 
We may, by special resolution, subject to any confirmation or consent required by the Companies Law, reduce our share capital or any capital redemption reserve in any manner authorized by law.
 
Transfer of Shares
 
Subject to any applicable restrictions set forth in our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, any of our shareholders may transfer all or any of his or her shares by an instrument of transfer in the usual or common form or in any form prescribed by the NASDAQ Global Market or in any other form which our directors may approve. You should note that, under Cayman Islands law, a person whose name is entered on the register of members will be deemed to be a member or shareholder of our company. We have designated Continental Stock Transfer and Trust Company as our share registrar. Under Cayman Islands law, a share certificate constitutes admissible evidence as proof of title of its holder to the shares specified on such certificate.
 
Our directors may decline to register any transfer of any share which is not paid up or on which we have a lien. Our directors may also decline to register any transfer of any share unless:
 
·     
the instrument of transfer is lodged with us accompanied by the certificate for the shares to which it relates and such other evidence as our directors may reasonably require to show the right of the transferor to make the transfer;
 
·     
the instrument of transfer is in respect of only one class of shares;
 
·     
the instrument of transfer is properly stamped (in circumstances where stamping is required);
 
·     
in the case of a transfer to joint holders, the number of joint holders to whom the share is to be transferred does not exceed four; and
 
·     
a fee of such maximum sum as the NASDAQ Global Market may at any time determine to be payable or such lesser sum as our directors may from time to time require is paid to us in respect thereof.
 
If our directors refuse to register a transfer, they shall, within two months after the date on which the instrument of transfer was lodged, send to each of the transferor and the transferee notice of such refusal.
 
The registration of transfers may, on notice being given by advertisement in such one or more newspapers or by any other means in accordance with any requirements of the NASDAQ Global Market, be suspended and the register closed at such times and for such periods as our directors may from time to time determine; provided, however, that the registration of transfers shall not be suspended nor the register closed for more than 30 days in any year as our directors may determine.
 
Share Repurchase
 
We are empowered by the Companies Law and our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association to purchase our own shares, subject to certain restrictions. Our directors may only exercise this power on our behalf, subject to the Companies Law, our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association and to any applicable requirements imposed from time to time by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, the NASDAQ Global Market, or by any recognized stock exchange on which our securities are listed.
 
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Dividends
 
Subject to the Companies Law, we may declare dividends in any currency to be paid to our shareholders. Dividends may be declared and paid out of our profits, realized or unrealized, or from any reserve set aside from profits which our directors determine is no longer needed. Our board of directors may also declare and pay dividends out of the share premium account or any other fund or account which can be authorized for this purpose in accordance with the Companies Law.
 
Except in so far as the rights attaching to, or the terms of issue of, any share otherwise provides (1) all dividends shall be declared and paid according to the amounts paid up on the shares in respect of which the dividend is paid, but no amount paid up on a share in advance of calls shall be treated for this purpose as paid up on that share and (2) all dividends shall be apportioned and paid pro rata according to the amounts paid upon the shares during any portion or portions of the period in respect of which the dividend is paid.
 
Our directors may also pay any dividend that is payable on any shares semi-annually or on any other dates, whenever our financial position, in the opinion of our directors, justifies such payment.
 
Our directors may deduct from any dividend or other moneys payable to any shareholder all sums of money (if any) presently payable by such shareholder to us on account of calls or otherwise.
 
No dividend or other money payable by us on or in respect of any share shall bear interest against us.
 
In respect of any dividend proposed to be paid or declared on our share capital, our directors may resolve and direct that (1) such dividend be satisfied wholly or in part in the form of an allotment of shares credited as fully paid up, provided that our shareholders entitled thereto will be entitled to elect to receive such dividend (or part thereof if our directors so determine) in cash in lieu of such allotment or (2) the shareholders entitled to such dividend will be entitled to elect to receive an allotment of shares credited as fully paid up in lieu of the whole or such part of the dividend as our directors may think fit. We may also, on the recommendation of our directors, resolve in respect of any particular dividend that, notwithstanding the foregoing, it may be satisfied wholly in the form of an allotment of shares credited as fully paid up without offering any right of shareholders to elect to receive such dividend in cash in lieu of such allotment.
 
Any dividend, interest or other sum payable in cash to any shareholder may be paid by check or warrant sent by mail addressed to the shareholder at his registered address, or addressed to such person and at such addresses as the shareholder may direct. Every check or warrant shall, unless the shareholder or joint shareholders otherwise direct, be made payable to the order of the shareholder or, in the case of joint shareholders, to the order of the shareholder whose name stands first on the register in respect of such shares, and shall be sent at their risk and payment of the check or warrant by the bank on which it is drawn shall constitute a good discharge to us.
 
All dividends unclaimed by shareholders for one year after having been declared may be invested or otherwise made use of by our board of directors for the benefit of our company until claimed. Any dividend unclaimed by shareholders after a period of six years from the date of declaration of such dividend may be forfeited and, if so forfeited, shall revert to us.
 
Whenever our directors have resolved that a dividend be paid or declared, our directors may further resolve that such dividend be satisfied wholly or in part by the distribution of specific assets of any kind, and in particular of paid up shares, debentures or warrants to subscribe for our securities or securities of any other company. Where any difficulty arises with regard to such distribution, our directors may settle it as they think expedient. In particular, our directors may issue fractional certificates, ignore fractions altogether or round the same up or down, fix the value for distribution purposes of any such specific assets, determine that cash payments shall be made to any of our shareholders upon the footing of the value so fixed in order to adjust the rights of the parties, vest any such specific assets in trustees as may seem expedient to our directors, and appoint any person to sign any requisite instruments of transfer and other documents on behalf of a person entitled to the dividend, which appointment shall be effective and binding on our shareholders.
 
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Untraceable Shareholders
 
We are entitled to sell any shares of a shareholder who is untraceable, provided that:
 
·     
all checks or warrants in respect of dividends of such shares, not being less than three in number, for any sums payable in cash to the holder of such shares have remained uncashed for a period of twelve years prior to the publication of the advertisement and during the three months referred to in the third bullet point below;
 
·     
we have not during that time received any indication of the whereabouts or existence of the shareholder or person entitled to such shares by death, bankruptcy or operation of law; and
 
·     
we have caused an advertisement to be published in newspapers in the manner stipulated by our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, giving notice of our intention to sell these shares, and a period of three months has elapsed since such advertisement and the NASDAQ Global Market has been notified of such intention.
 
The net proceeds of any such sale shall belong to us, and when we receive these net proceeds we shall become indebted to the former shareholder for an amount equal to such net proceeds.
 
Issuance of Additional Ordinary Shares or Preference Shares
 
Subject to the Companies Law and the rules of the NASDAQ Global Market and without prejudice to any special rights or restrictions for the time being attached to any shares or any class of shares, our board of directors may issue additional ordinary shares from time to time as our board of directors determines, to the extent of available authorized but unissued shares and establish from time to time one or more series of preference shares and to determine, with respect to any series of preference shares, the terms and rights of that series, including:
 
·     
the designation of the series;
 
·     
the number of shares of the series;
 
·     
the dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights; and
 
·     
the rights and terms of redemption and liquidation preferences.
 
Subject to the foregoing, our board of directors may issue series of preference shares without action by our shareholders to the extent authorized but unissued. Accordingly, the issuance of preference shares may adversely affect the rights of the holders of the ordinary shares. In addition, the issuance of preference shares may be used as an anti-takeover device without further action on the part of the shareholders. Issuance of preference shares may dilute the voting power of holders of ordinary shares.
 
Subject to applicable regulatory requirements, our board of directors may issue additional ordinary shares without action by our shareholders to the extent of available authorized but unissued shares. The issuance of additional ordinary shares may be used as an anti-takeover device without further action on the part of the shareholders. Such issuance may dilute the voting power of existing holders of ordinary shares.
 
We have applied to NASDAQ to have our ordinary shares listed on the NASDAQ Global Market. Although we believe that, upon completion of this offering, our ordinary shares will trade on NASDAQ Global Market, we cannot guaranty that we will be able to satisfy the NASDAQ criteria for listing or that we will be able to satisfy the listing maintenance requirements, in which case our ordinary shares could be subject to delisting.
 
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Committees of Board of Directors
 
Pursuant to our amended and restated articles of association, our board of directors, we have established an audit committee, a compensation committee and a corporate governance and nominating committee.
 
Differences in Corporate Law
 
The Companies Law is modeled after similar laws in the United Kingdom but does not follow recent changes in United Kingdom laws. In addition, the Companies Law differs from laws applicable to United States corporations and their shareholders. Set forth below is a summary of the significant differences between the provisions of the Companies Law applicable to us and the laws applicable to companies incorporated in the United States, such as in the State of Delaware.
 
Duties and Directors
 
Under Cayman Islands law, at common law, members of a board of directors owe a fiduciary duty to the company to act in good faith in their dealings with or on behalf of the company and exercise their powers and fulfill the duties of their office honestly. This duty has four essential elements:
 
·     
a duty to act in good faith in the best interests of the company;
 
·     
a duty not to personally profit from opportunities that arise from the office of director;
 
·     
a duty to avoid conflicts of interest; and
 
·     
a duty to exercise powers for the purpose for which such powers were intended.
 
In general, the Companies Law imposes various duties on officers of a company with respect to certain matters of management and administration of the company. The Companies Law contains provisions, which impose default fines on persons who fail to satisfy those requirements. However, in many circumstances, an individual is only liable if he knowingly is guilty of the default or knowingly and willfully authorizes or permits the default.
 
In comparison, under Delaware law, the business and affairs of a corporation are managed by or under the direction of its board of directors. In exercising their powers, directors are charged with a fiduciary duty of care to protect the interests of the corporation and a fiduciary duty of loyalty to act in the best interests of its shareholders. The duty of care requires that directors act in an informed and deliberative manner and inform themselves, prior to making a business decision, of all material information reasonably available to them. The duty of care also requires that directors exercise care in overseeing and investigating the conduct of the corporation’s employees. The duty of loyalty may be summarized as the duty to act in good faith, not out of self-interest, and in a manner which the director reasonably believes to be in the best interests of the shareholders.
 
Under Delaware law, a party challenging the propriety of a decision of a board of directors bears the burden of rebutting the applicability of the presumptions afforded to directors by the “business judgment rule.” If the presumption is not rebutted, the business judgment rule protects the directors and their decisions, and their business judgments will not be second guessed. Where, however, the presumption is rebutted, the directors bear the burden of demonstrating the entire fairness of the relevant transaction. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Delaware courts subject directors’ conduct to enhanced scrutiny in respect of defensive actions taken in response to a threat to corporate control and approval of a transaction resulting in a sale of control of the corporation.
 
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Interested Directors
 
There are no provisions under the Companies Law that require a director who is interested in a transaction entered into by a Cayman Islands company to disclose his interest. However, under our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, our directors are required to do so, and in the event that they do not do so it may render such director liable to such company for any profit realized pursuant to such transaction.
 
In comparison, under Delaware law, such a transaction would not be voidable if (a) the material facts as to such interested director’s relationship or interests are disclosed or are known to the board of directors and the board in good faith authorizes the transaction by the affirmative vote of a majority of the disinterested directors, even though the disinterested directors are less than a quorum, (b) such material facts are disclosed or are known to the shareholders entitled to vote on such transaction and the transaction is specifically approved in good faith by vote of the shareholders, or (c) the transaction is fair as to the corporation as of the time it is authorized, approved or ratified. Under Delaware law, a director could be held liable for any transaction in which such director derived an improper personal benefit.
 
Voting Rights and Quorum Requirements
 
Under Cayman Islands law, the voting rights of shareholders are regulated by the company’s articles of association and, in certain circumstances, the Companies Law. The articles of association will govern matters such as quorum for the transaction of business, rights of shares, and majority votes required to approve any action or resolution at a meeting of the shareholders or board of directors. Under Cayman Islands law, certain matters must be approved by a special resolution which is defined as two-thirds of the votes cast by shareholders present at a meeting and entitled to vote or such higher majority as is specified in the articles of association; otherwise, unless the articles of association otherwise provide, the majority is usually a simple majority of votes cast.
 
In comparison, under Delaware law, unless otherwise provided in the corporation’s certificate of incorporation, each shareholder is entitled to one vote for each share of stock held by the shareholder. Unless otherwise provided in the corporation’s certificate of incorporation or bylaws, a majority of the shares entitled to vote, present in person or represented by proxy, constitutes a quorum at a meeting of shareholders. In matters other than the election of directors, with the exception of special voting requirements related to extraordinary transactions, the affirmative vote of a majority of shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote is required for shareholder action, and the affirmative vote of a plurality of shares is required for the election of directors.
 
Mergers and Similar Arrangements
 
Cayman Islands law does not provide for mergers as that expression is understood under United States corporate law. However, there are statutory provisions that facilitate the reconstruction and amalgamation of companies, provided that the arrangement in question is approved by a majority in number of each class of shareholders and creditors with whom the arrangement is to be made, and who must in addition represent three fourths in value of each such class of shareholders or creditors, as the case may be, that are present and voting either in person or by proxy at a meeting, or meetings convened for that purpose.
 
The convening of the meetings and subsequently the arrangement must be sanctioned by the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands. While a dissenting shareholder would have the right to express to the court the view that the transaction should not be approved, the court can be expected to approve the arrangement if it satisfies itself that:
 
·     
the company is not proposing to act illegally or ultra vires and the statutory provisions as to majority vote have been complied with;
 
·     
the shareholders have been fairly represented at the meeting in question;
 
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·     
the arrangement is such as a businessman would reasonably approve; and
 
·     
the arrangement is not one that would more properly be sanctioned under some other provision of the Companies Law or that would amount to a “fraud on the minority.”
 
When a takeover offer is made and accepted by holders of 90% of the shares within four months, the offerer may, within a two-month period, require the holders of the remaining shares to transfer such shares on the terms of the offer. An objection may be made to the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands but is unlikely to succeed unless there is evidence of fraud, bad faith or collusion.
 
Cayman Islands laws do not require that shareholders approve sales of all or substantially all of a company’s assets as is commonly adopted by U.S. corporations.
 
If the arrangement and reconstruction are thus approved, any dissenting shareholders would have no rights comparable to appraisal rights, which would otherwise ordinarily be available to dissenting shareholders of United States corporations, providing rights to receive payment in cash for the judicially determined value of the shares.
 
Shareholders’ Suits
 
We are not aware of any reported class action or derivative action having been brought in a Cayman Islands court. In principle, we will normally be the proper plaintiff and a derivative action may not be brought by a minority shareholder. However, based on English authorities, which would in all likelihood be of persuasive authority in the Cayman Islands, exceptions to the foregoing principle apply in circumstances in which:
 
·     
a company is acting or proposing to act illegally or beyond the scope of its authority;
 
·     
the act complained of, although not beyond the scope of its authority, could be effected duly if authorized by more than a simple majority vote which has not been obtained; and
 
·     
those who control the company are perpetrating a “fraud on the minority.”
 
Class actions and derivative actions generally are available to shareholders under Delaware law for, among other things, breach of fiduciary duty, corporate waste and actions not taken in accordance with applicable law. In such actions, the court generally has discretion to permit the winning party to recover attorneys’ fees incurred in connection with such action.
 
Corporate Governance
 
Cayman Islands laws do not restrict transactions with directors, requiring only that directors exercise a duty of care and owe a fiduciary duty to the companies for which they serve. Under our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, subject to any separate requirement for audit committee approval under the applicable rules of The Nasdaq Stock Market, Inc. or unless disqualified by the chairman of the relevant board meeting, so long as a director discloses the nature of his interest in any contract or arrangement which he is interested in, such a director may vote in respect of any contract or proposed contract or arrangement in which such director is interested and may be counted in the quorum at such meeting.
 
Cayman Islands law does not limit the extent to which a company’s articles of association may provide for indemnification of officers and directors, except to the extent any such provision may be held by the Cayman Islands courts to be contrary to public policy, such as to provide indemnification against civil fraud or the consequences of committing a crime. Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association provide for the indemnification of our directors, auditors and officers against all losses or liabilities incurred or sustained by him or her as a director, auditor or officer of our company in defending any proceedings, whether civil or criminal, in which judgment is given in his or her favor, or in which he or she is acquitted provided that this indemnity may not extend to any matter in respect of any fraud or dishonesty which may attach to any of these persons.
 
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Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling us pursuant to the foregoing provisions, we have been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and therefore is unenforceable.
 
We are managed by our board of directors. Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association provide that the number of our directors shall not be less than two and there shall be no maximum number of our directors unless our shareholders in general meeting otherwise determine a maximum number. Initially we have set our board of directors to have 4 directors. Any director on our board may be removed by way of an ordinary resolution of shareholders. At each annual general meeting, one-third of our directors for the time being (or, if their number is not a multiple of three, the number nearest to but not less than one-third) shall retire from office by rotation provided that every director shall be subject to retirement at least once every three years. Any vacancies on our board of directors or additions to the existing board of directors can be filled by an ordinary resolution of our shareholders or the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining directors, although this may be less than a quorum where the number of remaining directors falls below the minimum number fixed by our board of directors. Our directors are not required to hold any of our shares to be qualified to serve on our board of directors.
 
Meetings of our board of directors may be convened at any time deemed necessary by any one of our directors. Advance notice of a meeting is not required if each director entitled to attend consents to the holding of such meeting.
 
A meeting of our board of directors shall be competent to make lawful and binding decisions if a majority of the members of our board of directors are present or represented. At any meeting of our directors, each director is entitled to one vote.
 
Questions arising at a meeting of our board of directors are required to be decided by simple majority votes of the members of our board of directors present or represented at the meeting. In the case of a tie vote, the chairman of the meeting shall have a second or deciding vote. Our board of directors may also pass resolutions without a meeting by unanimous written consent.
 
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling us pursuant to the foregoing provisions, we have been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and therefore is unenforceable.
 
Inspection of Corporate Records
 
Shareholders of a Cayman Islands company have no general right under Cayman Islands law to inspect or obtain copies of a list of shareholders or other corporate records of the company. However, these rights may be provided in the articles of association.
 
In comparison, under Delaware law, shareholders of a Delaware corporation have the right during normal business hours to inspect for any proper purpose, and to obtain copies of list(s) of shareholders and other books and records of the corporation and its subsidiaries, if any, to the extent the books and records of such subsidiaries are available to the corporation.
 
Shareho l der Proposals
 
The Companies Law does not provide shareholders any right to bring business before a meeting or requisition a general meeting. However, these rights may be provided in the articles of association.
 
Unless provided in the corporation’s certificate of incorporation or bylaws, Delaware law does not include a provision restricting the manner in which shareholders may bring business before a meeting.
 
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Approval of Corporate Matters by Written Consent
 
The Companies Law allows a special resolution to be passed in writing if signed by all the shareholders and authorized by the articles of association.
 
In comparison, Delaware law permits shareholders to take action by written consent signed by the holders of outstanding stock having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting of shareholders.
 
Calling of Special Shareholders Meetings
 
The Companies Law does not have provisions governing the proceedings of shareholders meetings which are usually provided in the articles of association.
 
In comparison, Delaware law permits the board of directors or any person who is authorized under a corporation’s certificate of incorporation or bylaws to call a special meeting of shareholders.
 
Staggered Board of Directors
 
The Companies Law does not contain statutory provisions that require staggered board arrangements for a Cayman Islands company. Such provisions, however, may validly be provided for in the articles of association.
 
In comparison, Delaware law permits corporations to have a staggered board of directors.
 
Anti-takeover Provisions
 
Neither Cayman Islands nor Delaware law prevents companies from adopting a wide range of defensive measures, such as staggered boards, blank check preferred, removal of directors only for cause and provisions that restrict the rights of shareholders to call meetings, act by written consent and submit shareholder proposals.
 
D.
Exchange controls.
 
China’s government imposes control over the convertibility of Rmb into foreign currencies. Under the current unified floating exchange rate system, the People’s Bank of China publishes a daily exchange rate for Rmb, or the PBOC Exchange Rate, based on the previous day’s dealings in the inter-bank foreign exchange market. Financial institutions authorized to deal in foreign currency may enter into foreign exchange transactions at exchange rates within an authorized range above or below the PBOC Exchange Rate according to market conditions.
 
Pursuant to the Foreign Exchange Control Regulations issued by the State Council on January 29, 1996 and effective as of April 1, 1996 (and amended on January 14, 1997) and the Administration of  Settlement, Sale and Payment of Foreign Exchange Regulations which came into effect on July 1, 1996 regarding foreign exchange control, or the Regulations, conversion of Renminbi into foreign exchange by foreign investment enterprises for current account items, including the distribution of dividends and profits to foreign investors of joint ventures, is permissible upon the proper production of qualified commercial vouchers or legal documents as required by the Regulations. Foreign investment enterprises are permitted to remit foreign exchange from their foreign exchange bank account in China upon the proper production of, inter alia, the board resolutions declaring the distribution of the dividend and payment of profits. Conversion of Rmb into foreign currencies and remittance of foreign currencies for capital account items, including direct investment, loans, security investment, is still subject to the approval of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange, or SAFE, in each such transaction. On January 14, 1997, the State Council amended the Foreign Exchange Control Regulations and added, among other things, an important provision, as Article 5 provides that the State shall not impose restrictions on recurring international payments and transfers.
 
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Under the Regulations, foreign investment enterprises are required to open and maintain separate foreign exchange accounts for capital account items (but not for other items). In addition, foreign investment enterprises may only buy, sell and/or remit foreign currencies at those banks authorized to conduct foreign exchange business upon the production of valid commercial documents and, in the case of capital account item transactions, document approval from SAFE.
 
Currently, foreign investment enterprises are required to apply to SAFE for “foreign exchange registration certificates for foreign investment enterprises.” With such foreign exchange registration certificates (which are granted to foreign investment enterprises, upon fulfilling specified conditions and which are subject to review and renewal by SAFE on an annual basis) or with the foreign exchange sales notices from the SAFE (which are obtained on a transaction-by-transaction basis), foreign-invested enterprises may enter into foreign exchange transactions at banks authorized to conduct foreign exchange business to obtain foreign exchange for their needs.
 
E.
Taxation.
 
United States Federal Income Taxation
 
The following is a summary of the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of our ordinary shares. The discussion below of the U.S. federal income tax consequences to “U.S. Holders” will apply if you are a beneficial owner of ordinary shares and you are for U.S. federal income tax purposes:

·     
an individual citizen or resident of the United States;

·     
a corporation (or other entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia;

·     
an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income tax regardless of its source; or

·     
a trust if (i) a U.S. court can exercise primary supervision over the trust’s administration and one or more U.S. persons are authorized to control all substantial decisions of the trust, or (ii) it has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations to be treated as a U.S. person.

If you are not described as a U.S. Holder and are not an entity treated as a partnership or other pass-through entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes, you will be considered a “Non-U.S. Holder.” The U.S. federal income tax consequences applicable to Non-U.S. Holders is described below under the heading “Non-U.S. Holders.”

This summary is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, its legislative history, existing and proposed Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder, published rulings and court decisions, all as currently in effect. These authorities are subject to change, possibly on a retroactive basis.

This summary does not purport to be a comprehensive description of all of the tax considerations that may be relevant to each person’s decision to purchase ordinary shares. This discussion does not address all aspects of U.S. federal income taxation that may be relevant to any particular holder based on such holder’s individual circumstances. In particular, this discussion considers only holders that will own ordinary shares as capital assets and does not address the potential application of the alternative minimum tax or the U.S. federal income tax consequences to holders that are subject to special rules, including:

·     
financial institutions or “financial services entities”;

·     
broker-dealers;
 
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·     
taxpayers who have elected mark-to-market accounting;

·     
tax-exempt entities;

·     
insurance companies;

·     
persons that actually or constructively own 10% or more of our voting shares;

·     
certain expatriates or former long-term residents of the United States;

·     
persons that hold our ordinary shares as part of a straddle, constructive sale, hedging, conversion or other integrated transaction; or

·     
persons whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar

This discussion does not address any aspect of U.S. federal gift or estate tax, or state, local or non-U.S. tax laws. Additionally, the discussion does not consider the tax treatment of partnerships or other pass-through entities or persons who hold our ordinary shares through such entities. If a partnership (or other entity classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) is the beneficial owner of our ordinary shares, the U.S. federal income tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will generally depend on the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership.

We have not sought a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) or an opinion of counsel as to any U.S. federal income tax consequence described herein. The IRS may disagree with the description herein, and its determination may be upheld by a court.

BECAUSE OF THE COMPLEXITY OF THE TAX LAWS AND BECAUSE THE TAX CONSEQUENCES TO ANY PARTICULAR INVESTOR MAY BE AFFECTED BY MATTERS NOT DISCUSSED HEREIN, EACH PROSPECTIVE INVESTOR IS URGED TO CONSULT WITH ITS TAX ADVISOR WITH RESPECT TO THE SPECIFIC TAX CONSEQUENCES OF THE ACQUISITION, OWNERSHIP AND DISPOSITION OF ORDINARY SHARES, INCLUDING THE APPLICABILITY AND EFFECT OF STATE, LOCAL AND NON-U.S. TAX LAWS, AS WELL AS U.S. FEDERAL TAX LAWS.

U.S. Holders

Taxation of Distributions Paid on Ordinary Shares
 
Subject to the passive foreign investment company (“PFIC”) rules discussed below, a U.S. Holder will be required to include in gross income as ordinary income the amount of any distribution paid on our ordinary shares, to the extent the distribution is paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes). Such dividend generally will constitute foreign source passive income for foreign tax credit purposes. Such dividend also will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction generally allowed to U.S. corporations in respect of dividends received from other U.S. corporations. Distributions in excess of such earnings and profits will be applied against and reduce the U.S. Holder’s basis in its ordinary shares and, to the extent in excess of such basis, will be treated as gain from the sale or exchange of such ordinary shares. We do not expect, however, to maintain calculations of earnings and profits in accordance with U.S. federal income tax principles. As a result, the entire amount of any distribution paid by us to a U.S. Holder generally will be treated as a dividend.

With respect to noncorporate U.S. Holders for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2011, dividends (to the extent paid out of our earnings and profits) may be taxed at the lower applicable long-term capital gains rate (see “Taxation of Disposition of Ordinary Shares” below) provided that (1) the ordinary shares are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States, (2) we are not a PFIC, as discussed below, for either the taxable year in which the dividend was paid or the preceding taxable year, and (3) certain holding period requirements are met. Under recently published IRS authority, ordinary shares are considered for purposes of clause (1) above to be readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States if they are listed on, among others, the NASDAQ Global Market. While we expect that our shares will be listed on the NASDAQ Global Market, U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the availability of the lower rate for any dividends paid with respect to our ordinary shares.
 
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Distributions of current or accumulated earnings and profits paid in foreign currency to a U.S. Holder generally will be includible in the income of a U.S. Holder in a U.S. dollar amount calculated by reference to the exchange rate on the date the distribution is included in income. A U.S. Holder that receives a foreign currency distribution and converts the foreign currency into U.S. dollars on such date generally will recognize no foreign currency exchange gain or loss. If the U.S. Holder converts the foreign currency to U.S. dollars on a date subsequent to such date, such U.S. Holder may have foreign currency exchange gain or loss based on any appreciation or depreciation in the value of the foreign currency against the U.S. dollar from the date of inclusion to the date of conversion, which will generally be U.S. source ordinary income or loss.

Taxation upon Disposition of Ordinary Shares

Upon a sale or other taxable disposition of our ordinary shares, and subject to the PFIC rules discussed below, a U.S. Holder generally will recognize capital gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized and the U.S. Holder’s adjusted tax basis in the shares.

Under current law, capital gains realized by U.S. Holders generally are subject to U.S. federal income tax at the same rate as ordinary income, except that long-term capital gains realized by non-corporate U.S. Holders are subject to U.S. federal income tax at a maximum rate of 15% for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2011 (and 20% thereafter). Capital gain or loss will constitute long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. Holder’s holding period for the shares exceeds one year. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations. Capital gain or loss realized by a U.S. Holder upon a disposition of shares generally will constitute income or loss from sources within the United States for foreign tax credit limitation purposes.

Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules
 
A foreign company is a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, if at least 75% of its gross income in a taxable year, including its pro rata share of the gross income of any company in which it is considered to own at least 25% of the shares by value, is passive income. Alternatively, a foreign company will be a PFIC if at least 50% of its assets in a taxable year, ordinarily determined based on fair market value and averaged quarterly over the year, including its pro rata share of the assets of any company in which it is considered to own at least 25% of the shares by value, are held for the production of, or produce, passive income. Passive income generally includes dividends, interest, rents, royalties, and gains from the disposition of passive assets.

We do not expect to be treated as a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes, but this conclusion is a factual determination that is made annually and thus may be subject to change. Our actual PFIC status for any taxable year will not be determinable until after the end of the taxable year, and accordingly there can be no assurance that we will not be considered a PFIC for our current or any future taxable year.

If we are a PFIC for any taxable year during which a U.S. Holder held our ordinary shares, the U.S. Holder that did not make a timely qualified electing fund (“QEF”) election or a mark-to-market election, as described below, such holder will be subject to special rules with respect to:

·     
any gain recognized by the U.S. Holder you realize on the sale or other disposition of its ordinary shares, and

·     
any excess distribution made to the U.S. Holder (generally, any distributions to such holder during a taxable year that are greater than 125% of the average annual distributions received by such holder in respect of the ordinary shares during the three preceding taxable years or, if shorter, such holder’s holding period for the ordinary shares).
 
64

 
Under these rules,

·     
the U.S. Holder’s gain or excess distribution will be allocated ratably over its holding period for the ordinary shares,

·     
the amount allocated to the taxable year in which the U.S. Holder recognized the gain or excess distribution will be taxed as ordinary income,

·     
the amount allocated to each prior year, with certain exceptions, will be taxed at the highest tax rate in effect for that year, and
 
·     
the interest charge generally applicable to underpayments of tax will be imposed in respect of the tax attributable to each such year.

In general, a U.S. Holder may avoid the PFIC tax consequnces described above in respect to our ordinary shares by making a QEF election to include in income its pro rata share of our net capital gain (as long-term capital gain) and other earnings and profits (as ordinary income), on a current basis, in each case whether or not distributed. However, a U.S. Holder may make a QEF election only if we agree to provide certain tax information to such holder annually. At this time, we do not intend to provide U.S. Holders with such information as may be required to make a QEF election effective.

Alternatively, if a U.S. Holder owns ordinary shares in a PFIC that are treated as marketable stock, the U.S. Holder may make a mark-to-market election. If a U.S. Holder makes a mark-to-market election, such holder generally will not be subject to the PFIC rules described above. Instead, in general, such holder will include as ordinary income each year the excess, if any, of the fair market value of its ordinary shares at the end of its taxable year over the adjusted basis in its ordinary shares. The U.S. Holder also will be allowed to take an ordinary loss in respect of the excess, if any, of the adjusted basis of its ordinary shares over the fair market value of such shares at the end of its taxable year (but only to the extent of the net amount of previously included income as a result of the mark-to-market election). The U.S. Holder’s basis in its ordinary shares will be adjusted to reflect any such income or loss amounts, and any further gain recognized on a sale or other taxable disposition of the ordinary shares will be treated as ordinary income.

The mark-to-market election is available only for stock that is regularly traded on a national securities exchange that is registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission or on NASDAQ, or on a foreign exchange or market that the IRS determines has rules sufficient to ensure that the market price represents a legitimate and sound fair market value. While we expect that our ordinary shares will be listed on the NASDAQ Global Market, U.S. Holders nonetheless should consult their own tax advisors regarding the availability and tax consequences of a mark-to-market election in respect to our shares under their particular circumstances.

If a U.S. Holder owns (or is deemed to own) shares during any year in a PFIC, such holder may have to file an IRS Form 8621.

The rules dealing with PFICs and with the QEF and mark-to-market elections are very complex and are affected by various factors in addition to those described above. Accordingly, U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisors concerning the application of the PFIC rules to our ordinary shares under their particular circumstances.
 
65

 
Non-U.S. Holders  

Dividends paid to a Non-U.S. Holder in respect to its ordinary shares generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax, unless the dividends are effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Holder’s conduct of a trade or business within the United States (and, if an income tax treaty applies, are attributable to a permanent establishment or fixed base that such holder maintains in the United States).

In addition, a Non-U.S. Holder generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on any gain attributable to a sale or other disposition of our ordinary shares unless such gain is effectively connected with its conduct of a trade or business in the United States (and, if an income tax treaty applies, is attributable to a permanent establishment or fixed base that such holder maintains in the United States) or the Non-U.S. Holder is an individual who is present in the United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year of sale or other disposition and certain other conditions are met (in which case such gain may be subject to tax at a 30% rate or a lower applicable tax treaty rate).

Dividends and gains that are effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Holder’s conduct of a trade or business in the United States (and, if applicable, attributable to a permanent establishment or fixed base in the United States) generally will be subject to tax in the same manner as for a U.S. Holder. Effectively connected dividends and gains received by a corporate Non-U.S. Holder may also be subject to an additional branch profits tax at a 30% rate or a lower applicable tax treaty rate.

Backup Withholding and Information Reporting

In general, information reporting for United States federal income tax purposes will apply to distributions made on the shares within the United States to a non-corporate U.S. Holder and to the proceeds from sales or other dispositions of our ordinary shares to or through a U.S. office of a broker by a non-corporate U.S. Holder. Payments made (and sales and other dispositions effected at an office) outside the United States will be subject to information reporting in limited circumstances.
 
In addition, backup withholding of U.S. federal income tax, currently at a rate of 28%, generally will apply to such distributions made on our ordinary shares to a non-corporate U.S. Holder and the proceeds from such sales and other dispositions of shares by a non-corporate U.S. Holder who:
 
·     
fails to provide an accurate taxpayer identification number,
 
·     
is notified by the IRS that backup withholding will be required, or
 
·     
in certain circumstances, fails to comply with applicable certification requirements.
 
A Non-U.S. Holder generally may eliminate the requirement for information reporting and backup withholding by providing certification of its foreign status to the payor, under penalties of perjury, on a duly executed applicable IRS Form W-8 or by otherwise establishing an exemption.
 
Back-up withholding is not an additional tax. Rather, the amount of any back-up withholding will be allowed as a credit against a U.S. Holder’s or a Non-U.S. Holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability and may entitle such holder to a refund, provided that certain required information is timely furnished to the IRS.
 
Other Non-United States Taxation Treatment
 
The following discussion is a summary of certain anticipated Cayman Islands and PRC tax consequences of an investment in our ordinary shares. The discussion does not deal with all possible tax consequences relating to an investment in our ordinary shares and does not purport to deal with the tax consequences applicable to all categories of investors, some of which (such as dealers in securities, insurance companies and tax-exempt entities) may be subject to special rules. In particular, the discussion does not address the tax consequences under state, local and other national tax laws. Accordingly, each prospective investor should consult its own tax advisor regarding the particular tax consequences to it of an investment in the our ordinary shares. The following discussion is based upon laws and relevant interpretations there of in effect as of the date of this Annual Report, all of which are subject to change.
 
66

 
China Taxation
 
There are no material China tax consequences to holders of ordinary shares solely as a result of the purchase, ownership and disposition of such ordinary shares. There is an income tax treaty in effect between the United States and China.
 
Cayman Island Taxation
 
The Cayman Islands currently has no exchange control restrictions and no income, corporate or capital gains tax, estate duty, inheritance tax, gift tax or withholding tax applicable to the Company or any holder of our ordinary shares. Accordingly, payment of dividends on, and any transfer of, the shares will not be subject to taxation in the Cayman Islands, no Cayman Islands withholding tax will be required on such payments to any holder of a share and gains derived from the sale of shares will not be subject to Cayman Islands income or corporation tax. The Cayman Islands is not party to any double taxation treaties.
 
F.
Dividends and paying agents.
 
Not Applicable
 
G.
Statement by experts.
 
Not Applicable
 
H.
Documents on display
 
We are subject to the periodic reporting and other informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. Under the Exchange Act, we are required to file reports and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Specially, we are required to file annually a Form 20-F no later than six month after the close of each fiscal year, which is December 31. Copies of reports and other information, when so filed, may be inspected without charge and may be obtained at prescribed rates at the public reference facilities maintained by the Securities and Exchange Commission at Judiciary Plaza, 100 F. Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. The public may obtain information regarding the Washington, D.C. Public Reference Room by calling the Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC also maintains a Web site at www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding registrants that make electronic filings with the SEC using its EDGAR system.
 
As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt from the rules under the Exchange Act prescribing the furnishing and content of quarterly reports and proxy statements, and officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting requirements pursuant to Section 16 of the Exchange Act.
 
Documents concerning the Company that are referred to in this document may also be inspected at our office, which is at No. 387 Dongming Road, Weifang Shandong, People’s Republic of China, 261061.
 
Subsidiary Information.
 
Not applicable.
 
67

 
Item 11.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
 
Foreign exchange risk
 
We are exposed to the risk of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuation. We have never used derivative instruments to hedge our exchange rate risks, do not plan to do so, and may not be successful should we attempt to do so in the future. Nevertheless, we believe such risk is low as no foreign currency liabilities are incurred and the principal operations are limited mainly to the China market.
 
Renminbi is our operating subsidiary, Shandong Fuwei’s functional currency while our financial currency is Hong Kong Dollars. Transactions in other currencies are recorded in Renminbi at the rates of exchange prevailing when the transactions occur. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in other currencies are converted into Renminbi at rates of exchange in effect at the balance sheet dates. Exchange gains and losses are recorded in our statements of operations as a component of current period earnings.
 
The China State Administration for Foreign Exchange, under the authority of the People’s Bank of China, controls the conversion of Renminbi into foreign currencies. The principal regulation governing foreign currency exchange in China is the Foreign Currency Administration Rules (1996), as amended. Under the Rules, once various procedural requirements are met, Renminbi is convertible for current account transactions, including trade and services, but not for capital account transactions, including direct investment, loan or investment in securities outside China, unless the prior approval of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange of China is obtained. Although the Chinese government regulations now allow greater convertibility of Renminbi for current account transactions, significant restrictions still remain. Currently, we are not involved in foreign exchange transactions as all transactions are conducted in China are in Renminbi and all exporting business is completed in U.S. dollars.
 
The value of the Renminbi is subject to changes in China’s central government policies and to international economic and political developments affecting supply and demand in the China Foreign Exchange Trading System market. Since 1994, the conversion of Renminbi into foreign currencies, including U.S. dollars, has been based on rates set by the People’s Bank of China, which are set daily based on the previous day’s interbank foreign exchange market rates and current exchange rates on the world financial markets. Since 1994, the official exchange rate generally has been stable. However, recently there has been increased political pressure on the Chinese government to decouple the Renminbi from the U.S. dollar.
 
We conduct substantially all of our operations through Shandong Fuwei, and its financial performance and position are measured in terms of Renminbi. Any appreciation of the Rmb against the United States dollar would consequently have an adverse effect on our financial performance and asset values when measured in terms of United States dollar. Our solutions are primarily procured, sold and delivered in China for Renminbi. The majority of our revenues are denominated in Renminbi. Should the Renminbi appreciate against United States dollar, such appreciation could have a material adverse effect on our profits and the foreign currency equivalent of such profits repatriated by the Chinese entities to us.
 
Interest rate risk
 
We are exposed to interest rate risk arising from having short-term variable rate borrowings from time to time. Our future interest expense would fluctuate in line with any change in our borrowing rates. We do not have any derivative financial instruments and believe our exposure to interest rate risk and other relevant market risks is not material.
 
Inflation
 
In recent years, China has not experienced significant inflation, and thus inflation has not had a material impact on our results of operations in recent years. According to the National Bureau of Statistics of China, the change in Consumer Price Index in China was 3.9%, 1.8% and 1.5% in 2004, 2005 and 2006 respectively.
 
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Item 12.
Description of Securities Other than Equity Securities.
 
Not Applicable.
 
69

 
PART II   
 
Item 13.
Default, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies.
 
None.
 
Item 14.
Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds.
 
We completed our initial public offering of 4,312,500 ordinary shares on December 22, 2006. The shares sold in the initial public offering were registered on a Registration Statement on Form F-1 (file number: 333-138948) declared effective on December 18, 2006. Maxim Group LLC was the sole book running manager for the offering of our ordinary shares. After the payment of underwriting fees, proceeds from the initial public offering were $33,207,975, of which $3,269,846 were used to pay legal, accounting and professional fees and other related printing and filing fees.
 
The use of the net proceeds in January and February of 2007 and our estimate of the future use of the remaining proceeds from the offering are as follows:
 
     
Approximate
Allocation of
Net Proceeds
 
 
Approximate
Percentage of
Net Proceeds
 
               
Net proceeds from IPO
 
$
29,938,129
   
100.00
%
               
Proceeds used in Jan and Feb of 2007
 
$
6,789,664
   
22.68
 
Investment in new production line equipment
   
1,602,067
   
5.35
 
Buildings and property for new production line
   
387,597
   
1.30
 
Sales and marketing
   
300,000
   
1.00
 
General corporate purpose, including working capital
   
4,500,000
   
15.03
 
               
Net proceeds remaining
 
$
23,148,465
   
77.32
%
   
Estimate of future use
             
Investment in new production line equipment
 
$
8,597,933
   
28.72
%
Buildings and property for new production line
   
3,362,403
   
11.23
 
Affiliated facilities
   
4,000,000
   
13.36
 
Sales and marketing
   
1,700,000
   
5.68
 
Working capital for the new line
   
4,700,000
   
15.70
 
General corporate purpose, including working capital
   
788,129
   
2.63
 
               
Total estimate of the use of the proceeds from IPO
             
Investment in new production line equipment
 
$
10,200,000
   
34.07
%
Buildings and property for new production line
   
3,750,000
   
12.53
 
Affiliated facilities
   
4,000,000
   
13.36
 
Sales and marketing
   
2,000,000
   
6.68
 
Working capital for the new line
   
4,700,000
   
15.70
 
General corporate purpose, including working capital
 
$
5,288,129
   
17.66
 
 
None of the proceeds were paid, directly or indirectly, to our directors, officers or their associates or to any person owning ten percent or more of our ordinary shares or to our affiliates.
 
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Item 15.
Controls and Procedures
 
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including the principal executive officer and the principal accounting officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as of the end of the period covered by this report (the “Evaluation Date”). Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal accounting officer concluded as of the Evaluation Date that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective such that the material information required to be included in our Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) reports is accumulated and communicated to management (including such officers) as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure and recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms relating to the Company, including our consolidated subsidiaries. Additionally, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that during the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 20-F has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
 
Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 will require us to include a management’s internal control report with our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2007. The Company has started the exercise of evaluating, designing and implementing processes to improve our internal controls to comply with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 in the near future. Our management, including our chief executive officer and our chief financial officer will participate in this exercise.
 
Item 16A.
Audit Committee Financial Expert
 
The Board has nominated Mark Stulga, Lin Tang and Changrong Ji, as members of the Audit Committee, and Lin Tang as the financial expert as defined under the applicable rules of the SEC issued pursuant to Section 407 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
Item 16B.
Code of Ethics
 
The Code of Ethics for the members of the Company’s Board of Directors and Officers was approved by the Board of Directors on March 27, 2007 and is filed as Exhibit 14.1 hereto.  
 
Item 16C.
Principal Accountant Fees and Services
 
Audit Fees
 
The audit fees of KPMG, our independent registered public accounting firm, in connection with our initial public offering and audit of annual financial statements for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006, amounted to RMB$5.1 million and RMB$2.0 million respectively.
 
Audit-Related Fees
 
The audit-related fee of KPMG, amounted to RMB$Nil and RMB$0.6 million for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 respectively.
 
All Other Fees
 
Not Applicable
 
Policy on Pre-Approval of Audit and Permissible Non-Audit Services of Independent Auditors
 
The policy of our directors who perform the functions customarily performed by an audit committee is to pre-approve all audit and permissible non-audit services provided by the independent auditors. These services may include audit services and other services.
 
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Audit of Financial Statements
 
KPMG is our principal independent registered public accounting firm.
 
Item 16D.
Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committee.
 
Not applicable.
 
Item 16E.
Purchase of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers.
 
None.
 
Item 17.  
Financial Statements.
 
The Company has elected to provide Financial Statements pursuant to Item 18 (see below).
 
Item 18.  
Financial Statements.
 
The following documents are filed as Attachment A hereto and are included as part of this Annual report on Form 20-F.
 
Audited Consolidated Financial Statements of Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd and Subsidiaries.
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
 
Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004 and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006.
 
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2005 and 2006.
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004 and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006.

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004 and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006.
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
Audited Financial Statements of Fuwei Films (Shandong) Co., Ltd

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004

Statements of Income for the periods from January 28, 2003 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2003 and January 1, 2004 to October 26, 2004

Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the periods from January 28, 2003 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2003 and January 1, 2004 to October 26, 2004

Statements of Cash Flows for the periods from January 28, 2003 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2003 and January 1, 2004 to October 26, 2004

Notes to the Financial Statements December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004
 
72

 
Item 19.
Exhibits.
 
The following exhibits are filed as part of this Annual Report:
 
No.
 
Description
     
1.1
 
Form of Underwriting Agreement. *
     
3.1
 
Form of Amended Memorandum of Association of Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd. **
     
3.2
 
Articles of Association Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd. ***
     
10.1
 
Loan Agreement between Communication Bank of China and Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd. dated December 20, 2005 **
     
10.2
 
Loan Agreement between Communication Bank of China and Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd. dated December 30, 2005 **
     
10.3
 
Loan Agreement between Communication Bank of China of Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd. dated April 27, 2005 **
     
10.4
 
Loan Agreement between Construction Bank of China of Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd. dated September 16, 2005 **
     
10.5
 
Loan Agreement between Construction Bank of China and Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd. dated March 31, 2006 **
     
10.6
 
Loan Agreement between Agricultural Bank of China and Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd. dated October 17, 2005 **
     
10.7
 
Loan Agreement between Agricultural Bank of China and Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd. dated
   
September 29, 2005 **
     
10.8
 
Loan Agreement between Communication Bank of China of Fuwei Films (Shandong) Co., Ltd. dated January 15, 2007***
     
10.9
 
Loan Agreement between Communication Bank of China of Fuwei Films (Shandong) Co., Ltd. dated January 15, 2007***
     
10.10
 
Asset Purchase Agreement between Fuwei Plastics and Shandong Weifang Auction Firm dated October 9, 2003 **
     
10.11
 
Purchase Agreement between Beijing Baorui and Weifang Jing Cheng Auction Co., Ltd. dated December 17, 2004 **
     
10.12
 
Service Agreement between Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd. and Xiaoan He**
     
10.13
 
Employment Agreement between Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd. and Xiaoan He **
     
10.14
 
Employment Agreement between Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd. and Xiaoming Wang **
     
10.15
 
Employment Agreement between Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd. and Yongping Bai **
     
10.16
 
Employment Agreement between Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd. and Xiuyong Zhang **
     
10.17
 
Equipment Contract between Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd. and Brükner dated as of June 2005 **
     
10.18
 
Credit Letter from Communication Bank of China dated May 8, 2006 **
     
14.1
 
Code of Ethics for CEO and Senior Financial Officers. ***
     
21.1
 
List of the company’s significant subsidiaries, their jurisdiction of incorporation and the names under which they operate business, if different from their name. ***
     
31.1
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer required by Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. ***
     
31.2
 
Certification of Chief Financial Officer required by Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. ***
     
32.1
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer required by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. ***
     
*
 
Filed with the Company’s amendment to Registration Statement on Form F-1/A filed with the SEC on December 12, 2006.
     
**
 
Filed with the Company’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed with the SEC on November 24, 2006.
     
***
 
Filed herewith.
 
73

 
SIGNATURES
 
The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing Form 20-F and has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign   this Annual Report on its behalf .
 
     
  Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd
 
 
 
 
 
 
  By:   /s/ Xiaoan He
 
Name: Xiaoan He
  Title: Chairman, Chief Executive Officer       
   
 
     
By:  
/s/ Lin Tang
 
Name: Lin Tang
  Title: Chief Financial Officer   
           
Dated: April 2, 2007 
 
74

 

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

   
Page
Audited Consolidated Financial Statements of Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd. and subsidiaries
   
     
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
F-2
     
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 200 5 and 2006
 
F-3
     
Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004 and the year s ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
 
F-4
     
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004 and the year s ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
 
F-5
     
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004 and the year s ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
 
F-6 - F-7
     
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006
 
F-8 - F-36
     
Audited Financial Statements of Fuwei Films (Shandong) Co., Ltd
   
     
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
F-37
     
Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004
 
F-38
     
Statements of Income for the periods from January 28, 2003 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2003 and January 1, 2004 to October 26, 2004
 
F-39
     
Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the periods from January 28, 2003 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2003 and January 1, 2004 to October 26, 2004
 
F-40
     
Statements of Cash Flows for the periods from January 28, 2003 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2003 and January 1, 2004 to October 26, 2004
 
F-41
     
Notes to the Financial Statements December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004
 
F-42 - F-58
 
F-1

 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
 
The Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd:
 
 
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd (the “Company”) and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Group”) as of December 31, 2005 and 2006, and the related consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income, shareholders’ equity and cash flows for the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004, and for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006, all expressed in Renminbi. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
 
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd and its subsidiaries as of December 31, 2005 and 2006, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the period from August 9, 2004 to December 31, 2004, and for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
 
The accompanying consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2006 have been translated into United States dollars solely for the convenience of the reader. We have audited the translation and, in our opinion, such financial statements expressed in Renminbi have been translated into United States dollars on the basis set forth in Note 3(b) to the consolidated financial statements.
 
/s/ KPMG
Hong Kong, China
 
April 2, 2007
 
F-2


FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
As of December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
   
Note
 
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
Assets
                 
Current assets
                 
Cash
         
7,427
   
249,939
   
32,027
 
Restricted cash
         
-
   
3,311
   
424
 
Accounts receivable, net
   
4
   
46,129
   
75,530
   
9,678
 
Inventories
   
5
   
24,887
   
23,783
   
3,048
 
Prepayments and other receivables
   
6
   
12,977
   
19,438
   
2,490
 
Deferred expenses
   
7
   
1,785
   
-
   
-
 
Deferred income tax assets
   
20
   
144
   
-
   
-
 
Total current assets
         
93,349
   
372,001
   
47,667
 
                           
                           
Property, plant and equipment, net
   
8
   
303,596
   
317,690
   
40,708
 
Lease prepayments
   
9
   
17,590
   
23,059
   
2,954
 
Deposits for purchase of property,
                         
plant and equipment
         
13,900
   
13,900
   
1,782
 
Intangible asset, net
   
10
   
181
   
109
   
14
 
Goodwill
   
11
   
10,276
   
10,276
   
1,317
 
Deferred income tax assets
   
20
   
1,469
   
1,047
   
134
 
                           
Total assets
         
440,361
   
738,082
   
94,576
 
                           
Liabilities
                         
Current liabilities
                         
Short-term bank loans
   
12
   
248,046
   
239,678
   
30,712
 
Accounts payable
         
10,613
   
12,809
   
1,641
 
Accrued expenses and other payables
   
14
   
19,380
   
19,497
   
2,498
 
Amounts due to related parties
   
21(b
)
 
89,362
   
-
   
-
 
Deferred income tax liabilities
   
20
   
-
   
191
   
25
 
                           
Total liabilities
         
367,401
   
272,175
   
34,876
 
                           
Shareholders’ equity
   
15
                   
                         
Ordinary shares of US$0.129752 par value; 20,000,000 shares authorized; 771 and 13,062,500 issued and outstanding as of
December 31, 2005 and 2006, respectively
         
1
   
13,323
   
1,707
 
Additional paid-in capital
         
-
   
311,907
   
39,967
 
Accumulated other comprehensive income
         
1,732
   
1,785
   
229
 
Retained earnings
         
71,227
   
138,892
   
17,797
 
                           
Total shareholders’ equity
         
72,960
   
465,907
   
59,700
 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
         
440,361
   
738,082
   
94,576
 
 
See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.
 
F-3


FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
 
 
Note
 
2004
 
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
Revenues, net
   
16
   
81,364
   
346,205
   
436,884
   
55,981
 
Cost of goods sold
   
17, 18
   
(64,038
)
 
(259,090
)
 
(334,341
)
 
(42,841
)
                                 
Gross profit
         
17,326
   
87,115
   
102,543
   
13,140
 
                                 
Operating expenses
                               
- Distribution expenses
   
17, 18
   
(2,593
)
 
(10,517
)
 
(16,483
)
 
(2,112
)
- Administrative expenses
   
17
   
(2,330
)
 
(10,599
)
 
(8,043
)
 
(1,031
)
                                 
Total operating expenses
         
(4,923
)
 
(21,116
)
 
(24,526
)
 
(3,143
)
                                 
Operating income
         
12,403
   
65,999
   
78,017
   
9,997
 
                                 
Other income/(expense)
                               
- Interest income
         
179
   
863
   
43
   
6
 
- Interest expense
   
19
   
(1,370
)
 
(13,747
)
 
(12,884
)
 
(1,651
)
- Sales of scrap materials
         
2,599
   
3,596
   
3,639
   
466
 
- Others, net
         
-
   
358
   
(393
)
 
(51
)
                                 
Total other income/(expense)
         
1,408
   
(8,930
)
 
(9,595
)
 
(1,230
)
                                 
Income before income tax benefit/(expense)
         
13,811
   
57,069
   
68,422
   
8,767
 
Income tax benefit/(expense)
   
20
   
288
   
59
   
(757
)
 
(97
)
                                 
Net income
         
14,099
   
57,128
   
67,665
   
8,670
 
                                 
Other comprehensive income
                               
- Foreign currency translation adjustments
         
-
   
1,732
   
53
   
7
 
                                 
Comprehensive income
         
14,099
   
58,860
   
67,718
   
8,677
 
                                 
Earnings per share
   
26
                         
- Basic
         
18,287
   
74,096
   
61.46
   
7.88
 
- Diluted
         
18,287
   
74,096
   
61.37
   
7.86
 
                                 
Weighted average number of ordinary shares
   
26
                         
- Basic
         
771
   
771
   
1,101,031
   
1,101,031
 
- Diluted
         
771
   
771
   
1,102,488
   
1,102,488
 
 
See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.
 
F-4

FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share data)
 
       
  Ordinary shares
                 
 
 
Note
 
Number
of shares
 
Amount
 
Additional
paid-in
capital
 
Accumulated
other
comprehensive
income
 
Retained
earnings
 
Total
shareholders’
equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
 
                                           
Balance as of August 9, 2004
   
15
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
 
                                             
Issue of ordinary shares
         
771
   
1
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
1
 
Net income
         
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
14,099
   
14,099
 
                                             
Balance as of December 31, 2004
         
771
   
1
   
-
   
-
   
14,099
   
14,100
 
                                             
Foreign currency translation adjustment
         
-
   
-
   
-
   
1,732
   
-
   
1,732
 
                                             
Net income
         
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
57,128
   
57,128
 
                                             
                                           
Balance as of December 31, 2005
         
771
   
1
   
-
   
1,732
   
71,227
   
72,960
 
                                           
Conversion of shareholders’ loans
   
15(a
)
 
8,749,229
   
8,936
   
80,426
   
-
   
-
   
89,362
 
                                           
Issue of ordinary shares, net of expenses
   
1
   
4,312,500
   
4,386
   
225,838
   
-
   
-
   
230,224
 
                                           
                                           
Share-based payment transactions
   
3(p
)
 
-
   
-
   
5,643
   
-
   
-
   
5,643
 
                                           
 
                                           
Foreign currency translation adjustment
         
-
   
-
   
-
   
53
   
-
   
53
 
Net income
         
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
67,665
   
67,665
 
                                             
                                           
Balance as of December 31, 2006
         
13,062,500
   
13,323
   
311,907
   
1,785
   
138,892
   
465,907
 
                                           
Balance as of December 31, 2006
                                           
- US$
         
13,062,500
   
1,707
   
39,967
   
229
   
17,797
   
59,700
 
 
See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.
 
F-5

 
FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands)


   
2004
 
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
Cash flow from operating activities
                 
Net income
   
14,099
   
57,128
   
67,665
   
8,670
 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash
                         
(used in)/provided by operating activities
                         
- Loss/(gain) on disposal of property, plant and equipment
   
18
   
(32
)
 
-
   
-
 
- Depreciation of property, plant and equipment
   
2,574
   
23,337
   
23,425
   
3,001
 
- Amortization of intangible assets
   
18
   
73
   
72
   
9
 
- Lease prepayments charged to expense
   
97
   
392
   
724
   
94
 
- Deferred income taxes
   
(288
)
 
(59
)
 
757
   
97
 
- Bad debt expense/(recovery)
   
1,008
   
1,007
   
(1,143
)
 
(146
)
- Foreign currency exchange loss
   
-
   
1
   
53
   
8
 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of
                         
effect of purchase of Shandong Fuwei in 2004
                         
- Accounts receivable
   
13,074
   
(21,676
)
 
(28,258
)
 
(3,621
)
- Inventories
   
13,294
   
(6,855
)
 
1,104
   
141
 
- Prepaid expenses and other current assets
   
(10,252
)
 
4,780
   
(8,220
)
 
(1,053
)
- Accounts payable
   
(1,578
)
 
(1,044
)
 
2,196
   
280
 
- Accrued expenses and other payables
   
23,328
   
(13,880
)
 
117
   
15
 
- Amounts due from related parties
   
5,485
   
415
   
-
   
-
 
                           
Net cash provided by operating activities
   
60,877
   
43,587
   
58,492
   
7,495
 
                           
Cash flow from investing activities
                         
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
   
(57,081
)
 
(22,411
)
 
(37,526
)
 
(4,809
)
Restricted cash related to trade finance
   
-
   
-
   
(3,311
)
 
(424
)
Payment of land use rights
   
-
   
-
   
(2,649
)
 
(339
)
Cash acquired from purchase of Shandong Fuwei
   
12,144
   
-
   
-
   
-
 
Deposits paid for purchase of property, plant and equipment
   
-
   
(13,900
)
 
-
   
-
 
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment
   
23
   
111
   
7
   
1
 
Collection of amounts due from related parties
   
4,450
   
4,721
   
-
   
-
 
                           
Net cash used in investing activities
   
(40,464
)
 
(31,479
)
 
(43,479
)
 
(5,571
)
                           
Cash flow from financing activities
                         
Net proceeds from issuance of share capital
   
1
   
-
   
235,867
   
30,223
 
Principal payments of short-term bank loans
   
-
   
(252,600
)
 
(18,368
)
 
(2,354
)
Proceeds from short-term bank loans
   
990
   
300,056
   
10,000
   
1,282
 
Repayments of loans payable to related parties
   
-
   
(29,989
)
 
-
   
-
 
Payments of expenses relating to the proposed offering
   
-
   
(1,785
)
 
-
   
-
 
Dividends paid
   
(15,501
)
 
(26,265
)
 
-
   
-
 
                           
Net cash (used in)/provided by financing activities
   
(14,510
)
 
(10,583
)
 
227,499
   
29,151
 
                           
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes
   
-
   
(1
)
 
-
   
-
 
                           
Net increase in cash
   
5,903
   
1,524
   
242,512
   
31,075
 
                           
Cash
                         
At beginning of period/year
   
-
   
5,903
   
7,427
   
952
 
                           
At end of period/year
   
5,903
   
7,427
   
249,939
   
32,027
 
 
F-6

 
FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (CONTINUED)
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands)

   
2004
 
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
                 
                   
Cash paid during the period/year for interest expense
   
1,405
   
14,899
   
15,739
   
2,017
 
 
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities:
 
 
(a)   The acquisition of Shandong Fuwei on October 27, 2004, for RMB91,093 was financed entirely with loans from the related parties. In conjunction with this acquisition, assets were acquired and liabilities were assumed as follows:
 
   
RMB
 
Fair value of assets acquired, including cash of RMB12,144
   
386,536
 
Purchase consideration in the form of amounts due to related parties
   
(91,093
)
         
Liabilities assumed
   
295,443
 
 
(b)  On November 23, 2006, the outstanding loans from Apex Glory Holdings Limited of RMB70,596 and Easebright Investments Limited of RMB18,766 were converted into 6,911,895 and 1,837,334 ordinary shares of the Company, respectively.
 
(c)  In connection with the initial public offering (“IPO”) of the Company, there were non-cash expenses of RMB5,643 (US$723), representing the fair value of stock options granted to Maxim Group LLC on December 18, 2006, deducted from the IPO proceeds and recorded in additional paid-in capital.
 
F-7


FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
(1)
Principal Activities and Reorganization
 
Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd (the “Company”) and its subsidiaries (the “Group”) are principally engaged in the production and distribution of BOPET film, a high quality plastic film widely used in packaging, imaging, electronics, electrical and magnetic products in the People’s Republic of China (the “PRC”). The Company is a holding company incorporated in the Cayman Islands, established on August 9, 2004 under the Cayman Islands Companies Law as an exempted company with limited liability. The Company was established for the purpose of acquiring shares in Fuwei (BVI) Co., Ltd (“Fuwei (BVI)”), an intermediate holding company established for the purpose of acquiring all of the ownership interest in Shandong Fuwei.
 
On August 20, 2004, the Company was allotted and issued one ordinary share of US$1.00 in Fuwei (BVI) (being the entire issued share capital of Fuwei (BVI)), thereby establishing Fuwei (BVI) as the intermediate investment holding company of the Group.
 
The Group was established by certain members of the former management team and employees (the “Group Founders”) of Shandong Neo-Luck Plastics Co., Ltd (“Shandong Neo-Luck”), a company owned 59% by a PRC state-owned enterprise. Prior to filing for bankruptcy protection on September 24, 2004, Shandong Neo-Luck was engaged in the business of BOPET film production. Certain production-related assets of Shandong Neo-Luck which had previously been mortgaged to the Bank of China, Weifang City branch (the “Mortgagee Bank”) as security for several loans extended to Shandong Neo-Luck’s affiliates were acquired through public auction by Fuwei Films (Shandong) Co., Ltd (“Shandong Fuwei”) on October 9, 2003 for RMB156,000 as a result of the borrowers default on various bank loans. Shandong Fuwei, established in the PRC on January 28, 2003 as a limited liability company, commenced its operations in July 2003. The principal activities of Shandong Fuwei are those relating to the design, production and distribution of plastic flexible packaging materials. Shandong Neo-Luck was subsequently declared bankrupt by the Weifang Municipal People’s Court in the PRC on September 24, 2004.
 
Through its intermediate holding company, Fuwei (BVI), the Company acquired a 100% ownership interest in Shandong Fuwei on October 27, 2004 for a purchase price of RMB91,093. Shandong Fuwei thereafter became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Fuwei (BVI) effective October 27, 2004. On December 25, 2004, Shandong Fuwei acquired additional production-related assets through public auction that were formerly owned by Shandong Neo-Luck for RMB119,280. Shandong Fuwei was converted into a wholly-foreign owned enterprise in the PRC on January 5, 2005, with a registered capital of US$11,000.
 
On December 18, 2006, the Company was successfully listed on the Nasdaq Global Market and offered 3,750,000 ordinary shares, at an IPO price of US$8.28 per ordinary share. On December 18, 2006, an additional 562,500 ordinary shares were sold at the IPO price of US$8.28 per ordinary share pursuant to the underwriter’s exercise of its over-allotment option.
 
In connection with the IPO of the Company, net proceeds, after deduction of the related expenses, with aggregate amount of RMB235,867 (US$30,223) were received.
 
F-8

 
FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
(2)
Basis of Presentation
 
The Group’s consolidated financial statements are presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”).
 
Because the Company and Fuwei BVI were under common control, the Company’s acquisition of Fuwei BVI on August 20, 2004 has been accounted for in a manner similar to a pooling-of-interests. Consequently, the consolidated financial statements of the Company include the accounts of Fuwei BVI at their historical amounts. Furthermore, the consolidated financial statements recognize the recapitalization and acquisition retroactively, as if the acquisition occurred as of the beginning of the earliest period presented.
 
The acquisition of Shandong Fuwei by Fuwei BVI on October 27, 2004 has been accounted for as a purchase business combination. Consequently, the consolidated financial statements of the Company include the financial statements and results of the Shandong Fuwei from October 27, 2004.
 
This basis of accounting differs in certain material respects from that used in the preparation of the books of account of Shandong Fuwei, the Company’s principal subsidiary, which are prepared in accordance with the accounting principles and the relevant financial regulations applicable to enterprises limited by shares as established by the Ministry of Finance of the PRC (“PRC GAAP”), the accounting standards used in the country of its domicile. The accompanying consolidated financial statements reflect necessary adjustments not recorded in the books of account of the Company’s subsidiaries to present them in conformity with US GAAP.
 
(3)
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Practices
 
 
(a)
Principles of Consolidation
 
The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its two subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
 
(b)
Foreign Currency Transactions
 
The Group’s reporting currency is the Renminbi (“RMB”).
 
The Company and Fuwei (BVI) operate in Hong Kong as investment holding companies and their   financial records are maintained in Hong Kong dollars, being the functional currency of these two entities. Assets and liabilities are translated into RMB at the exchange rates at the balance sheet date, equity accounts are translated at historical exchange rates and income, expenses, and cash flow items are translated using the average rate for the period. The translation adjustments are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income in the statements of shareholders’ equity and comprehensive income.
 
F-9

FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
(3)
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Practices (continued)
 
(b)
Foreign Currency Transactions (continued)
 
Transactions denominated in currencies other than RMB are translated into RMB at the exchange rates quoted by the People’s Bank of China (the “PBOC”) prevailing at the dates of transactions. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into RMB using the applicable exchange rates quoted by the PBOC at the balance sheet dates. The resulting exchange differences are recorded in the statements of income.
 
Commencing from July 21, 2005, the PRC government moved the RMB into a managed floating exchange rate regime based on market supply and demand with reference to a basket of currencies. The exchange rate of the U.S. dollar against the RMB was adjusted from approximately RMB 8.28 per U.S. dollar on July 20, 2005 to RMB 8.11 per U.S. dollar on July 21, 2005.
 
For the convenience of the readers, the 2006 RMB amounts included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements have been translated into U.S. dollars at the rate of US$1.00 = RMB 7.8041, being the noon buy rate for U.S. dollars in effect on December 29, 2006 in the City of New York for cable transfer in RMB per U.S. dollar as certified for custom purposes by the Federal Reserve Bank. No representation is made that the RMB amounts could have been, or could be, converted into U.S. dollar at that rate or at any other certain rate on December 31, 2006, or at any other date.
 
RMB is not fully convertible into foreign currencies. All foreign exchange transactions involving RMB must take place either through the PBOC or other institutions authorized to buy and sell foreign currency. The exchange rate adopted for the foreign exchange transactions are the rates of exchange quoted by the PBOC which are determined largely by supply and demand.
 
(c)
Cash and Restricted Cash
 
As of December 31, 2005 and 2006, there were restricted cash of RMBNil and RMB3,311 (US$424) respectively for trade financing purposes. As of December 31, 2005 and 2006 there were no cash equivalents.
 
(d)
Trade Accounts Receivable
 
Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount after deduction of trade discounts, value added taxes and allowances, if any, and do not bear interest. The allowance for doubtful accounts is the Group’s best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in the Group’s existing accounts receivable. The Group determines the allowance based on historical write-off experience, customer specific facts and economic conditions.
 
The Group reviews its allowance for doubtful accounts monthly. Past due balances over 90 days and over a specified amount are reviewed individually for collectibility. All other balances are reviewed on a pooled basis by aging of such balances. Account balances are charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. The Group does not have any off-balance-sheet credit exposure related to its customers.
 
F-10

FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
(3)
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Practices (continued)
 
(e)
Inventories
 
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market value. Cost is determined using first-in, first-out basis method. Cost of work in progress and finished goods comprises direct material, direct production cost and an allocated portion of production overheads based on normal operating capacity.
 
(f)
Property, Plant and Equipment
 
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment.
 
Depreciation on property, plant and equipment is calculated on the straight-line method (after taking into account their respective estimated residual values) over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:

   
Years
 
Buildings and improvements
   
25 - 30
 
Plant and equipment
   
10 - 15
 
Computer equipment
   
5
 
Furniture and fixtures
   
5
 
Motor vehicles
   
5
 
 
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment attributable to manufacturing activities is capitalized as part of inventory, and expensed to cost of goods sold when inventory is sold. Depreciation related to abnormal amounts from idle capacity is charged to cost of goods sold for the period incurred. Total depreciation for the period/year ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006 was RMB2,574, RMB23,337 and RMB23,425 (US$3,002) respectively, of which 95%, 98% and 97% were recorded in cost of goods sold and 5%, 2% and 3% was recorded in administrative expenses, respectively.
 
Construction in progress represented capital expenditure in respect of the BOPET productions line. No depreciation is provided in respect of construction in progress.
 
(g)
Lease Prepayments
 
Lease prepayments represent the costs of land use rights in the PRC. Land use rights are carried at cost and charged to expense on a straight-line basis over the respective periods of rights of 30 years. The current portion of lease prepayments has been included in prepayments and other receivables in the balance sheet.
 
(h)
Intangible Assets
 
The Group acquired a trademark for use in the production and distribution of plastic flexible packaging materials. The trademark is carried at cost less accumulated amortization. Amortization expense is recognized on the straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of 5 years of the trademark.
 
F-11

 
FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
(3)
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Practices (continued)
 
(h)
Intangible Assets
 
Given the environment in which the Group currently operates, it is reasonably possible that the estimated economic useful life of the asset or the Group’s estimate that it will recover its carrying amount from future operations could change in the future.
 
(i)
Goodwill
 
Goodwill represents the excess of purchased cost over fair value of net assets of the Shandong Fuwei business acquired. Goodwill is evaluated for impairment at least annually. Management has determined that Shandong Fuwei is the reporting unit for testing goodwill impairment. The first step of the test for impairment compares the book value of Shandong Fuwei to its estimated fair value. The second step of the goodwill impairment test, which is only required when the net book value of the reporting unit exceeds the fair value, compares the implied fair value of goodwill to its book value to determine if an impairment is required.
 
The fair value of Shandong Fuwei was determined based on the expected discounted future cash flows methodology. The use of discounted cash flow methodology requires significant judgments including estimation of future revenues and costs, industry economic factors, future profitability, determination of Shandong Fuwei’s weighted average cost of capital and other variables. Although the Company based its fair value estimate on assumptions it believes to be reasonable, those assumptions are inherently unpredictable and uncertain.
 
Management performed step one of its annual goodwill impairment test in the fourth quarter of 2006 and determined that the fair value of Shandong Fuwei exceeded its net book value as of December 31, 2006. Therefore, step two was not required.
 
(j)
Impairment of Long-lived Assets
 
Long-lived assets, other than goodwill, including property, plant, and equipment and intangible assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable.
 
Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized by the amount in which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset.
 
(k)
Revenue Recognition  
 
Sales of plastic flexible packaging materials are reported, net of value added taxes (“VAT”), sales returns, trade discounts and allowances. The standard terms and conditions under which the Group generally delivers allow a customer the right to return product for refund only if the product does not conform to product specifications; the non-conforming product is identified by the customer; and the customer rejects the non-conforming product and notifies the Group within 7 days and 30 days of receipt for sales to customers in the PRC and overseas respectively. The Group recognizes revenue when products are delivered and the customer takes ownership and assumes risk of loss, collection of the relevant receivable is probable, persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists and the sales price is fixed or determinable.
 
In the PRC, VAT of 17% on invoice amount is collected in respect of the sales of goods on behalf of tax authorities. The VAT collected is not revenue of the Group; instead, the amount is recorded as a liability on the consolidated balance sheet until such VAT is paid to the authorities.
 
F-12

 
FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
(3)
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Practices (continued)
 
(l)
Government Grants
 
Government grants are recognized in the consolidated balance sheet initially as deferred income when they have been received. Grants that compensate the Group for expenses incurred are recognized as a reduction of expenses in the consolidated statement of income in the same period in which the related expenses are incurred.
 
For the period ended December 31, 2004, government grants of RMB544 were recognized to com p ensate interest on bank loans and were recorded in interest expense. For the year ended December 31, 2005, government grants of RMB160 were recognized to compensate research and development expenses incurred and RMB98 were received as incentive of high VAT payer and were recorded in administrative expenses. For the year ended December 31, 2006, government grants of RMB900 (US$115) were recognized to compensate research and development expenses incurred and were recorded in administrative expenses.
 
(m)
Research and Development Costs
 
Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Research and development costs amounted to RMB131, RMB1,157 and RMB3,650 (US$468) for the period/year ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006 and such costs were recorded in administrative expenses.
 
(n)
Retirement and Other Postretirement Benefits
 
Contributions to retirement schemes (which are defined contribution plans) are charged to expense as and when the related employee service is provided.
 
(o)
Income Taxes
 
Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.
 
(p)
Stock Option Plan
 
The fair value of stock options granted to Maxim Group LLC under the stock option plans is recoginzed as listing expenses deducted from IPO proceeds and recorded in additional paid-in capital.
 
On December 18, 2006, the Company granted 187,500 stock options to Maxim Group LLC as part of the compensation for the provision of services relating to the IPO of the Company. The stock option is exercisable at an exercises price equal to US$10.35 per ordinary share commencing six months from December 18, 2006 and expiring five years from December 18, 2006. The stock option and ordinary shares underlying the stock option may not be sold, transferred, assigned, pledged or hypothecated, or be the subject of any hedging, short sale, derivative, put or call transaction that would result in the effective disposition thereof by any person for a period of six months.
 
F-13

 
FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
(3)
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Practices (continued)
 
(p)
Stock Option Plan (continued)
 
The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes pricing model based on the following assumptions:

Fair value of shares on measurement date
 
 
US$ 8.28 per share
 
Expected volatility
   
57.26
%
Expected dividends
   
0.00
%
Expected term (in years)
   
5
 
Risk-free rate
   
4.56
%
 
The fair value of the Company’s shares was estimated based on the IPO price of US$8.28 per share. The expected volatility is estimated by reference to the historical volatility of comparable companies listed on the Nasdaq Global Market. The risk-free rate for periods within the contractual life of the options is based on the U.S. government bond in effect at the time of grant. Expected dividend yields are based on historical dividends. Changes in these subjective input assumptions could materially affect the fair value estimates.
 
All the stock options granted during the year ended December 31, 2006, were outstanding as of December 31, 2006, with a weighted-average remaining contractual term of 5 years. The grant-date fair value of options granted during the year ended December 31, 2006 is RMB5,643 (US$723).
 
The Company recognized share-based compensation expenses of RMB5,643 (US$723) for the year ended December 31, 2006, as listing expense deducted from IPO proceeds and recorded in additional paid-in capital. As of December 31, 2006, there was no unrecognized compensation costs related to unvested stock options.  
 
(q)
Earnings per Share
 
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net earnings by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share is calculated by dividing net earnings by the weighted average number of ordinary and dilutive potential ordinary shares outstanding during the year. Diluted potential ordinary shares consist of shares issuable pursuant to stock option plan.
 
F-14

FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
(3)
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Practices (continued)
 
(r)
Use of Estimates
 
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with US GAAP requires management of the Group to make a number of estimates and assumptions relating to the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. On an ongoing basis, management reviews its estimates and assumptions including those related to the recoverability of the carrying amount and the estimated useful lives of long-lived assets, valuation allowances for accounts receivable and realizable values for inventories. Changes in facts and circumstances may result in revised estimates.
 
(s)
Segment Reporting
 
The Group uses the “management approach” in determining reportable operating segments. The management approach considers the internal organization and reporting used by the Group’s chief operating decision maker for making operating decisions and assessing performance as the source for determining the Group’s reportable segments. Management, including the chief operating decision maker, reviews operating results solely by monthly revenue of BOPET film (but not by sub-product type or geographic area) and operating results of Shandong Fuwei, the operating subsidiary in the PRC. As such, the Group has determined that the Group has a single operating segment as defined by Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 131, Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information.
 
(t)
Contingencies
 
In the normal course of business, the Group is subject to contingencies, including legal proceedings and claims arising out of the business that relate to a wide range of matters, including among others, product liability. The Group recognizes a liability for such contingency if it determines it is probable that a loss has occurred and a reasonable estimate of the loss can be made. The Group may consider many factors in making these assessments including past history and the specifics of each matter. As the Group has not become aware of any product liability claim since operations commenced, the Group has not recognized a liability for any product liability claims.
 
(u)
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
 
FIN 48
 
In July 2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainties in Income Taxes - an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 (“FIN 48 ), which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in the Group’s financial statements in accordance with SFAS No.109, Accounting from Income Taxes . FIN 48 provides guidance on the measurement, recognition, classification and disclosure of tax positions, along with accounting for the related interest and penalties. FIN 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006, and is to be applied to all open tax years as of the date of effectiveness. The Company does not expect the adoption of FIN 48 to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
F-15

 
FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
(3)
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Practices (continued)
 
(u)
Recently Issued Accounting Standards (continued)
 
SFAS No. 157
 
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (“ SFAS No. 157 ”) . SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 applies under other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements, the FASB having previously concluded in those accounting pronouncements that fair value is the relevant measurement attribute. Accordingly, SFAS No. 157 does not require any new fair value measurements. Under SFAS No. 157, fair value refers to price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants in the market in which the reporting entity transacts. SFAS No. 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The Company does not expect the adoption of SFAS No. 157 to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
 
SAB 108
 
In September 2006 the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108, Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements (“SAB 108”). SAB 108 provide interpretive guidance on how the effects of the carryover or reversal of prior year misstatements should be considered in quantifying a current year misstatement. The SEC staff believes that registrants should quantify errors using both a balance sheet and an income statement approach and evaluate whether either approach results in quantifying a misstatement that, when all relevant quantitative and qualitative factors are considered, is material. SAB 108 is effective for the Company’s fiscal year ending December 31, 2006. The initial adoption of SAB 108 had no impact on the consolidated financial statements.
 
F-16

FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
(4)  
Accounts Receivable, net
 
Accounts receivable at December 31, 2005 and 2006 consist of the following:
 
 
 
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
               
Accounts receivable
   
40,300
   
39,053
   
5,004
 
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts
   
(2,015
)
 
(872
)
 
(112
)
                     
     
38,285
   
38,181
   
4,892
 
Bills receivable
   
7,844
   
37,349
   
4,786
 
                     
     
46,129
   
75,530
   
9,678
 
 
An analysis of the allowance for doubtful accounts for 2004, 2005 and 2006 is as follows:
 
   
2004
 
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
Balance at beginning of year
   
-
   
1,008
   
2,015
   
258
 
Bad debt expense/(recovery)
   
1,008
   
1,007
   
(1,143
)
 
(146
)
Write-offs
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
 
                           
Balance at end of year
   
1,008
   
2,015
   
872
   
112
 
 
The Group has a credit policy in place and the exposure to credit risk is monitored on an ongoing basis. Credit evaluations are   performed on all customers requiring credit over a certain amount. These receivables are due within 7 to 60 days from the date of billing. Normally, the Group does not obtain collateral from customers.
 
 
(5)  
Inventories
 
Inventories at December 31, 2005 and 2006 consist of the following:
 
   
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
Raw materials
   
9,228
   
10,526
   
1,349
 
Work-in-progress
   
865
   
2,029
   
260
 
Finished goods
   
14,468
   
10,874
   
1,394
 
Consumables and spare parts
   
326
   
354
   
45
 
 
                   
     
24,887
   
23,783
   
3,048
 
 
F-17

 
FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
(6)
Prepayments and Other Receivables
 
Prepayments and other receivables at December 31, 2005 and 2006 consist of the following:
 
   
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
               
Purchase deposits of raw materials
   
5,982
   
5,724
   
733
 
Prepayments (Note)
   
5,097
   
3,354
   
430
 
Other receivables
   
1,898
   
10,360
   
1,327
 
     
12,977
   
19,438
   
2,490
 
 
Note:   Prepayments at December 31, 2005 and 2006 include an amount of RMB392 and RMB767 (US$98), respectively, representing the current portion of lease prepayments of the Group (see Note 9).
 
(7)
Deferred Expenses
 
Deferred expenses at December 31, 2005 represent an aggregate amount of RMB1,785, in connection with the preparation of the IPO of the Company, which were charged to additional paid-in capital after the Company listed on the Nasdaq Global Market on December 18, 2006.
 
(8)
Property, Plant and Equipment, net
 
Property, plant and equipment consist of the following:
 
   
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
               
Buildings
   
33,699
   
33,699
   
4,318
 
Plant and equipment
   
275,588
   
276,328
   
35,408
 
Computer equipment
   
938
   
955
   
122
 
Furniture and fixtures
   
1,457
   
1,798
   
230
 
Motor vehicles
   
1,390
   
1,390
   
179
 
Construction-in-progress
   
30,336
   
66,753
   
8,554
 
 
                   
 
   
343,408
   
380,923
   
48,811
 
Less: accumulated depreciation
   
(39,812
)
 
(63,233
)
 
(8,103
)
 
   
303,596
   
317,690
   
40,708
 
 
All of the Group’s buildings are located in the PRC. As of December 31, 2005 and 2006, property, plant and equipment with carrying value totaling RMB264,546 and RMB242,242 (US$31,040) respectively were pledged to banks as collateral for short-term bank loans of RMB183,270 and RMB178,270 (US$22,843) respectively (see Note 12).
 
F-18

 
FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
 
(8)
Property, Plant and Equipment, net (continued)
 
Construction-in-progress represents capital expenditure in respect of the BOPET production line. Interest expense capitalized during the period/year ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006 was RMB35, RMB1,152 and RMB2,855 (US$366), respectively (see Note 19).
 
(9)
Lease Prepayments
 
The balance represents the land use rights of the Group as follows:
 
   
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
               
Non-current portion
   
17,590
   
23,059
   
2,954
 
Current portion - amount charged to expense next year
   
392
   
767
   
98
 
     
17,982
   
23,826
   
3,052
 
 
As of December 31, 2005 and 2006, prepaid land use rights were pledged to banks as collateral for short-term bank loans of RMB52,600 and RMB52,600 (US$6,740) respectively (Note 12).
 
Charges for the period/year ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006 was RMB97, RMB392 and RMB724 (US$94) respectively.
 
As of December 31, 2006, prepaid land use rights of the Group included certain parcels of land located in Weifang City, Shandong Province, the PRC, with a net book value of RMB23,826. The land use rights for land with area of approximately 43,878 square meters, 5,279 square meters and 25,094 square meters will expire in November 2050, May 2053 and February 2055, respectively.
 
(10)
Intangible Asset, net
 
   
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
               
Trademark
   
362
   
362
   
46
 
Less: accumulated amortization
   
(181
)
 
(253
)
 
(32
)
     
181
   
109
   
14
 
 
Intangible asset represents the trademark of “Neo-luck” acquired by Shandong Fuwei from Shandong Neo-Luck on 20 July 2003 (i.e. prior to the acquisition as described in Note 13). Amortization expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of 5 years. Amortization of intangible asset was RMB18, RMB73 and RMB72 (US$9) for the period/year ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006, respectively.
 
F-19

 
FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
 
 
 
(10)
Intangible Asset, net (continued)
 
The estimated amortization expense of intangible assets is as follows:
   
RMB
 
       
2007
   
72
 
2008
   
37
 
         
     
109
 
 
(11)
Goodwill
 
Goodwill of RMB10,276 (US$1,317) at December 31, 2005 and 2006, which is not deductible for tax purposes, pertains solely to the Company’s acquisition of Shandong Fuwei in October 2004. The goodwill is attributable to the development potential of business acquired.
 
(12)
Short-term Bank Loans
 
   
Interest rate
 
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
Lender
 
per annum
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
                   
Bank of Communications Co., Ltd .
                 
- December 30, 2005 to November 25, 2006
   
6.696
%
 
52,600
   
52,600
   
6,740
 
- December 20, 2005 to December 13, 2006
   
6.696
%
 
52,900
   
52,546
   
6,734
 
- April 27, 2005 to September 20, 2006
   
5.760
%
 
100,000
   
100,000
   
12,814
 
                           
China Construction Bank Corporation
                         
- September 16, 2005 to January 20, 2006
   
6.138
%
 
12,600
   
-
   
-
 
- March 31, 2006 to January 20, 2007
   
5.841
%
 
-
   
8,934
   
1,145
 
                           
Agricultural Bank of China Co., Ltd.
                         
- September 30, 2005 to September 9, 2006
   
7.254
%
 
9,770
   
8,790
   
1,126
 
- October 17, 2005 to October 16, 2006
   
7.254
%
 
8,000
   
8,000
   
1,024
 
- October 28, 2005 to October 27, 2006
   
7.254
%
 
6,800
   
6,800
   
872
 
Discounted bills (Note 25(c))
   
6.86%-7.00
%
 
5,376
   
2,008
   
257
 
                           
           
248,046
   
239,678
   
30,712
 
 
Notes:
 
During the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006, the Company entered into various loan agreements with commercial banks with terms ranging from three months to one year to finance its working capital. None of the loan agreements requires the Company to comply with financial covenants. The weighted average interest rate of short-term bank loans outstanding as of December 31, 2005 and 2006 were 6.34% and 6.32% per annum, respectively.
 
The Company has received a confirmation from Bank of Communications Co., Ltd to extend current funding commitments of RMB205,146 as of December 31, 2006 through December 31, 2007.
 
F-20

 
FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
(12)
Short-term Bank Loans (continued)
 
The principal amounts of the above short-term loans are repayable at the end of the loan period.
 
Following the maturity of the short-term loans of RMB52,546 and RMB100,000 from Bank of Communications Co., Ltd on December 13, 2006 and September 20, 2006, respectively, the Company obtained from Bank of Communications Co., Ltd. new short terms loans of RMB52,590 and RMB100,000 on January 15, 2007, with the maturity date on January 15, 2008, and interest charged at 6.732% per annum.
 
All of the short-term loans from Agricultural Bank of China Co., Ltd., totaling RMB23,590 (US$3,022), and a short-term loan from Bank of Communications Co., Ltd. of RMB 52,600 (US$6,740), were fully repaid in January 2007 and February 2007, respectively.
 
Short-term loans outstanding, which are all denominated in Renminbi, are secured and guaranteed as follows:
 
 
 
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
Secured by:
             
- property, plant and equipment
   
183,270
   
178,270
   
22,843
 
- lease prepayments
   
52,600
   
52,600
   
6,740
 
- bills receivable
   
5,376
   
2,008
   
257
 
Guaranteed by related parties (Note 21(a))
   
6,800
   
6,800
   
872
 
                     
     
248,046
   
239,678
   
30,712
 
 
(13)
Acquisition
 
On October 27, 2004, Fuwei (BVI) entered into a sale and purchase agreement with Shenhong Group Co., Ltd and Shandong Baorui Investment Co., Ltd (“Shandong Baorui”), the then shareholders of Shandong Fuwei, to acquire their respective equity interest of 90% and 10% in Shandong Fuwei for an aggregate consideration of RMB91,093. Shandong Baorui is 22.1% owned by the Group Founders. With the acquisition of Shandong Fuwei, the Company entered into the market of production and distribution of BOPET film and obtained the necessary production facilities. As a result of the acquisition, the results of operations of Shandong Fuwei are consolidated and included in the financial statements of the Company from October 27, 2004. This purchase transaction was financed entirely by loans from two of the Company’s shareholders.
 
Effect of acquisition of Shandong Fuwei
 
The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition.
 
   
RMB
 
Cash
   
12,144
 
Property, plant and equipment
   
187,245
 
Intangible assets
   
272
 
Lease prepayments
   
18,079
 
Deferred tax assets
   
2,187
 
Inventories
   
31,326
 
Accounts receivable
   
39,542
 
Prepayment and other receivables
   
7,505
 
Amounts due from related parties
   
77,960
 
Goodwill on acquisition
   
10,276
 
         
Total assets acquired
   
386,536
 
       
         
Short-term bank loans
   
(199,600
)
Accounts payables
   
(13,235
)
Accrued expenses and other payables
   
(9,932
)
Amount due to related parties
   
(29,989
)
Dividends payable
   
(41,766
)
Deferred tax liabilities
   
(921
)
         
Total liabilities assumed
   
(295,443
)
         
Net assets acquired
   
91,093
 
 
F-21

 
FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
(13)
Acquisition (continued)
 
The results of operations for the period ended December 31, 2004 as though the acquisition of Shandong Fuwei had been completed on August 9, 2004 are set out below:
 
   
2004
 
 
 
RMB
 
 
 
(Unaudited)
 
       
Revenues
   
172,089
 
Cost of goods sold
   
(131,157
)
Total operating expenses
   
(8,870
)
         
Operating income
   
32,062
 
Other income/(expenses)
   
(641
)
         
Income before income tax expense
   
31,421
 
Income tax expense
   
(34
)
         
Net income
   
31,387
 
         
Earnings per share (basic and diluted)
   
314
 
 
(14)
Accrued Expenses and Other Payables
 
Accrued expenses and other payables at December 31, 2005 and 2006 consist of the following:
 
   
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
               
Payables to contractors
   
8,677
   
8,677
   
1,112
 
Receipts in advance from customers
   
7,277
   
3,929
   
503
 
VAT payable
   
2,077
   
893
   
114
 
Audit fee
   
-
   
1,990
   
255
 
IPO expenses
   
-
   
1,923
   
246
 
Others
   
1,349
   
2,085
   
268
 
                     
     
19,380
   
19,497
   
2,498
 
 
 
F-22

 
 
FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
(15)
Shareholders’ Equity
 
(a)
On the date of incorporation on August 9, 2004, the authorized share capital was US$50 comprising 50,000 ordinary shares of US$1.00 each. On October 6, 2004, the Company issued 100 ordinary shares of US$1 each.
 
On November 23, 2006, the Company:
 
(i)
increased the authorized share capital from US$50 comprised of 50,000 ordinary shares of US$1.00 per share to US$2,595 comprised of 2,595,040 shares of US$1.00 per share.
 
 
(ii)
declared a 7.707-for-one ordinary share split. Further to the share split, the authorized share capital is divided into 20,000,000 ordinary shares of a par value of US$0.129752 each. All share and per share amounts presented in the consolidated financial statements and related notes have been revised to reflect the share split retroactively.
 
On November 23, 2006, further to the resolutions adopted on May 8, 2006, the outstanding shareholders’ loans from Apex Glory Holdings and Easebright Investments of RMB70,596 and RMB18,766 respectively, were converted into 6,911,895 and 1,837,334 ordinary shares of the Company respectively.
 
During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company issued 4,312,500 new ordinary shares through an IPO. See Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements for details of the IPO.
 
(b)
Transfers from retained earnings to statutory reserves were made in accordance with the relevant PRC rules and regulations and the articles of association of the Shandong Fuwei and were approved by the board of directors of Shandong Fuwei.
 
(16)
Revenues
 
The Group’s revenue is primarily derived from the manufacture and sale of plastic flexible packaging materials.
 
The following table shows the distribution of the Group’s revenue by the geographical location of customers, whereas all the Group’s assets are located in the PRC:
 
   
2004
 
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
                   
The PRC
   
66,115
   
304,421
   
345,122
   
44,223
 
Overseas countries (principally United
                         
States of America, Japan and India)
   
15,249
   
41,784
   
91,762
   
11,758
 
                           
     
81,364
   
346,205
   
436,884
   
55,981
 
 
The Group’s revenue by significant types of films for 2004, 2005 and 2006 is as follows:
 
   
2004
 
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
                   
Printing film
   
25,154
   
103,682
   
95,315
   
12,213
 
Stamping film
   
19,695
   
94,711
   
99,856
   
12,795
 
Metallization film
   
17,666
   
39,647
   
34,772
   
4,456
 
Base film for other application
   
17,679
   
59,826
   
46,784
   
5,995
 
Special film
   
1,170
   
48,339
   
160,157
   
20,522
 
                           
     
81,364
   
346,205
   
436,884
   
55,981
 
 
 
F-23

 
FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
(16)
Revenues (continued)
 
The Group operates and manages its business in one single operating segment — Shandong Fuwei, the operating subsidiary in the PRC. The results of Shandong Fuwei used by management to evaluate business performance are prepared based on PRC GAAP. Segment information is set out below:
 
   
2004
 
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
                   
Revenues from external customers
                         
(Note (a))
   
80,359
   
342,085
   
429,354
   
55,016
 
 
         
 
   
 
   
 
 
Segment income
   
20,656
   
58,240
   
65,620
   
8,408
 
Reconciling items (Note (b))
   
(6,845
)
 
(1,171
)
 
2,802
   
359
 
                           
Income before income taxes
   
13,811
   
57,069
   
68,422
   
8,767
 
 
         
 
   
 
   
 
 
                           
Depreciation and amortization
   
2,689
   
23,802
   
24,221
   
3,104
 
 
         
 
   
 
   
 
 
                           
Segment assets (Note (c))
         
437,318
   
496,334
   
63,599
 
 
               
 
   
 
 
                           
Expenditures for long-lived assets
         
22,411
   
40,175
   
5,148
 
 
(a)
Reconciliation of total segment revenue to consolidated revenue
 
   
2004
 
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
                   
Total segment revenues under
                         
PRC GAAP
   
80,359
   
342,085
   
429,354
   
55,016
 
Reconciliation from PRC GAAP to
                         
US GAAP:
                         
- Freight and other operating expenses
   
1,005
   
4,120
   
7,530
   
965
 
                           
Consolidated revenues under US GAAP
   
81,364
   
346,205
   
436,884
   
55,981
 
 
 
F-24

 
FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
(16)
Revenues (continued)
 
(b)
Reconciliation of total segment income to consolidated operating income
 
   
2004
 
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
                   
Total segment income under PRC GAAP
   
20,656
   
58,240
   
65,620
   
8,408
 
                         
- Fair value adjustment on inventory
                         
arising on acquisition of Shandong
                         
Fuwei
   
(4,961
)
 
-
   
-
   
-
 
- Depreciation on property, plant
                         
and equipment
   
134
   
871
   
871
   
112
 
- Capitalization of interest expense
   
35
   
1,152
   
2,855
   
366
 
- Other adjustments
   
(1,977
)
 
(806
)
 
1,214
   
155
 
                           
     
(6,769
)
 
1,217
   
4,940
   
633
 
                           
Total segment income under US GAAP
   
13,887
   
59,457
   
70,560
   
9,041
 
Interest income of holding companies
   
-
   
-
   
14
   
2
 
Administrative expenses of holding
                         
companies
   
(76
)
 
(2,388
)
 
(2,152
)
 
(276
)
                           
Consolidated income before
                         
income taxes
   
13,811
   
57,069
   
68,422
   
8,767
 
 
(c)
Reconciliation of total segment assets to consolidated total assets
 
   
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
               
Total assets for reportable segment under PRC GAAP
   
437,318
   
496,334
   
63,599
 
Reconciliation from PRC GAAP to US GAAP:-
                   
- Property, plant and equipment
   
(14,582
)
 
(25,201
)
 
(3,229
)
- Lease prepayments
   
3,046
   
2,754
   
352
 
- Deferred tax assets
   
1,613
   
1,047
   
134
 
- Goodwill
   
10,276
   
10,276
   
1,317
 
- Accounts receivable, net
   
5,153
   
3,088
   
396
 
- Prepayments and other receivables
   
(4,729
)
 
(1,171
)
 
(150
)
                     
Total segment assets under US GAAP
   
438,095
   
487,127
   
62,419
 
Cash held by the Company
   
16
   
240,978
   
30,878
 
Others (Note)
   
2,250
   
9,977
   
1,279
 
                     
Consolidated total assets
   
440,361
   
738,082
   
94,576
 
 
Note: The 2006 balance primarily includes other receivables of the Company.
 
F-25

 
FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
(17)
Depreciation and Amortization
 
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment and amortization of intangible asset is included in the following captions:
 
 
 
2004
 
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
                   
Cost of goods sold
   
2,451
   
22,737
   
22,721
   
2,911
 
Distribution expenses
   
2
   
12
   
10
   
1
 
Administrative expenses
   
139
   
661
   
766
   
99
 
                           
     
2,592
   
23,410
   
23,497
   
3,011
 
 
(18)
Freight Costs
 
The Group records freight costs related to the transporting of the raw materials to the Group’s warehouse in cost of goods sold and all other outbound freight costs in distribution expenses. For the period/year ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006, freight costs included in cost of goods sold were RMB28, RMB186 and RMB177 (US$23), respectively, and RMB2,262, RMB7,913 and RMB13,170 (US$1,688) were included in distribution expenses.
 
(19)
Interest Expense
 
The Group capitalizes interest expense as a component of the cost of construction in progress. The following is a summary of interest cost incurred during the period/year ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006:

   
2004
 
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
                   
Interest cost capitalized
   
35
   
1,152
   
2,855
   
366
 
Interest cost charged to expense
   
1,370
   
13,747
   
12,884
   
1,651
 
                           
     
1,405
   
14,899
   
15,739
   
2,017
 
 
(20)
Income Taxes
 
Cayman Islands Tax
 
Under the current Cayman Island laws, the Company is not subject to tax on income or capital gain. In addition, upon payments of dividends by the Company to its shareholders, no Cayman Islands withholding tax is imposed.
 
PRC Tax
 
Shandong Fuwei, being a Hi-Tech Enterprise in the Weifang Hi-Tech Industrial Zone in Shandong, the PRC, has been granted preferential tax treatments by the Tax Bureau of the PRC. According to the PRC Income Tax Law and various approval documents issued by the Tax Bureau, Shandong Fuwei’s profit was taxed at a rate of 15%.
 
F-26

 
FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
(20)
Income Taxes (continued)
 
In addition, Shandong Fuwei has been granted certain tax relief under which it is exempted from PRC income tax for the period from January 28, 2003 to December 31, 2006.
 
If Shandong Fuwei was not entitled to a reduced enterprise income tax, or EIT, rate of 0% for the period/year ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006, it would have had an EIT rate of 15%. Net income and basic and diluted earnings per share would be reduced by the following amounts:

   
2004
 
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
                   
Net income
   
(3,098
)
 
(8,736
)
 
(10,453
)
 
(1,339
)
Earnings per share
                         
- Basic
   
(4,019
)
 
(11,331
)
 
(9.50
)
 
(1.22
)
- Diluted
   
(4,019
)
 
(11,331
)
 
(9.48
)
 
(1.21
)
 
The Group had minimal operations in jurisdictions other than the PRC. (Loss)/income before income taxes consists of:
 
   
2004
 
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
                   
Cayman Islands
   
(66
)
 
(60
)
 
(2,117
)
 
(271
)
British Virgin Islands
   
(10
)
 
(2,328
)
 
(21
)
 
(3
)
PRC
   
13,887
   
59,457
   
70 ,560
   
9,0 41
 
     
13,811
   
57,069
   
68, 422
   
8, 767
 
 
Pursuant to the acquisition by Fuwei (BVI), Shandong Fuwei became a wholly foreign-owned enterprise under the laws of the PRC on January 5, 2005. Accordingly, Shandong Fuwei is entitled to a new 2-year-exemption-3-year-50%-reduction Foreign Enterprise Income Tax holiday whereby the profit for the first two financial years beginning with the first profit-making year (after setting off tax losses carried forward from prior years) is exempted from income tax in the PRC and the profit for each of the subsequent three financial years is taxed at 50% of the prevailing tax rates set by the relevant tax authorities. The tax holiday of Shandong Fuwei commenced in 2005.
 
On December 29, 2006, the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People’s Congress (“NPC”) passed a resolution to submit the draft Enterprises Income Tax Law (“New Tax Law”) to the Tenth NPC plenary session for voting. The New Tax Law was adopted on March 16, 2007. Under the New Tax Law, which will become effective on January 1, 2008, domestic enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises will generally become subject to a unified enterprise income tax rate of 25%, except that enterprises incorporated prior to March 16, 2007 may continue to enjoy existing preferential tax treatments until January 1, 2013. As a result of the New Tax Law, even if Shandong Fuwei continues to maintain its high-tech enterprise status, Shandong Fuwei will be subject to the increased 25% unified enterprise income tax rate on January 1, 2013.
 
F-27

 
FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
(20)
Income Taxes (continued)
 
Income tax benefit consists of:
 
PRC Income tax
 
Current
 
Deferred
 
Total
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
               
Period ended December 31, 2004
   
-
   
288
   
288
 
                     
Year ended December 31, 2005
   
-
   
59
   
59
 
                     
Year ended December 31, 2006
   
-
   
(757
)
 
(757
)
                     
Year ended December 31, 2006 (US$)
   
-
   
(97
)
 
(97
)
 
Income tax benefit reported in the consolidated statements of income differs from the income tax expense amount computed by applying the PRC income tax rate of 15% (the statutory tax rate of the Company’s principal subsidiary) for the period/year ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006 for the following reasons:
 
 
 
2004
 
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
                   
Income before income taxes
   
13,811
   
57,069
   
68,422
   
8,767
 
                   
Computed “expected” tax expense
   
(2,072
)
 
(8,560
)
 
(10,263
)
 
(1,315
)
Non-deductible expenses
   
(14
)
 
(419
)
 
(377
)
 
(48
)
Non-taxable income
   
-
   
-
   
2
   
1
 
Tax holiday
   
2,372
   
8,978
   
9,827
   
1,258
 
Tax rate differential of other tax
                         
jurisdictions
   
2
   
60
   
54
   
7
 
                           
Actual income tax benefit/(expenses)
   
288
   
59
   
(757
)
 
(97
)
 
Tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets/(liabilities) as of December 31, 2005 and 2006, are presented below.
 
 
 
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
               
Deferred income tax assets/(liabilities) :
             
               
Current
             
Accounts receivable
   
151
   
(162
)
 
(21
)
Other receivables
   
(7
)
 
(29
)
 
(4
)
                     
     
144
   
(191
)
 
(25
)
               
Non-current
                   
Property, plant and equipment, principally due to differences
                   
in depreciation and capitalized interest
   
2,199
   
2,205
   
283
 
Construction in progress, principally due to capitalized interest
   
(294
)
 
(722
)
 
(93
)
Lease prepayments, principally due to differences in charges
   
(436
)
 
(436
)
 
(56
)
     
1,469
   
1,047
   
134
 
                     
Net deferred income tax assets
   
1,613
   
856
   
109
 
 
F-28

 
FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
(20)
Income Taxes (continued)
 
In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. In order to fully realize the deferred tax asset, Shandong Fuwei will need to generate future taxable income of approximately RMB12,544 prior to 2031. Shandong Fuwei was under tax concession period for the period from January 28, 2003 to December 31, 2006. The profit before taxation for Shandong Fuwei for the year ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006 was RMB80,271, RMB58,586 and RMB69,933 (US$8,961) respectively. Based upon the level of historical performance of Shandong Fuwei, management believes the deferred tax assets are realizable.
 
(21)
Related Party Transactions
 
Name of party
 
Relationship
 
   
Shandong Baorui Investment Co., Ltd (“Shandong Baorui”)
 
Former shareholder (10%) of Shandong Fuwei. Shandong Baorui is 22.1% owned by the Group Founders.
 
   
Shenghong Group Co., Ltd (“Shenghong Group”)
 
Former shareholder (90%) of Shandong Fuwei.
 
   
Shandong Neo-Luck Plastic Co., Ltd (“Shandong Neo-Luck”)
 
The Group Founders’ former employer, previously engaged in the business of BOPET film production.
 
   
Weifang Neo-Luck (Group) Co., Ltd (“Weifang Neo-Luck Group”)
 
Major shareholder (59%) of Shandong Neo-Luck. One of the directors of the Company was the general manager of Weifang Neo-Luck Group prior to joining the Company in April 2005.
 
   
Easebright Investments Limited (“Easebright Investments”)
 
Shareholder (21%) of the Company
 
   
Apex Glory Holdings Limited (“Apex Glory Holdings”)
 
Shareholder (79%) of the Company
 
   
Fuhua Industrial Material Management Co., Ltd. (“Fuhua Management”)
 
Investment owned by Weifang Neo-Luck Group.
 
   
Weifang Fuwah Hotel Co. Ltd (“Fuwah Hotel”)
 
Investment owned by Weifang Neo-Luck Group.
 
 
F-29

 
FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
(21)
Related Party Transactions (continued)
 
(a)
The principal related party transactions during the period/year ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006 are as follows:
 
   
Note
 
2004
 
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
                       
Acquisition of production lines
   
(i )
 
 
119,280
   
-
   
-
   
-
 
Guarantee of bank loans
   
(ii )
 
 
24,500
   
6,800
   
6,800
   
872
 
Rentals for staff quarters
   
(iii )
 
 
39
   
201
   
151
   
19
 
Interest income
   
(iv )
 
 
-
   
838
   
-
   
-
 
 
Notes:
 
(i)
Shandong Neo-Luck was declared bankrupt by the Weifang Municipal People’s Court in the PRC on September 24, 2004. The bankruptcy liquidation commission of Shandong Neo-Luck entrusted an auction company, Weifang Jing Cheng Auction Co., Ltd, to auction the assets of Shandong Neo-Luck relating mainly to the DMT production line. On September 27, 2004, the assets of Shandong Neo-Luck (with an appraised valued of RMB52,886 on a force-sale basis) were auctioned by way of public auction by Weifang Jing Cheng Auction Co., Ltd to Beijing Baorui Guarantee Co., Ltd (“Beijing Baorui”) for RMB33,848 (the “First Auction”). Beijing Baorui subsequently entrusted Shandong Yinxing Auction Company to auction the assets acquired through the First Auction. Shandong Baorui owns an 80% equity interest in Beijing Baorui. On December 25, 2004, the Group acquired the assets through a second auction for RMB119,280.
 
(ii)
During the year ended December 31, 2005 and 2006, a bank loan of RMB6,800 (US$872) was guaranteed by Shandong Baorui.
 
During the period ended December 31, 2004, bank loans totaling RMB23,200 (US$2,973) and RMB1,300 (US$167) were guaranteed by Weifang Neo-Luck Group (collectively with two of its subsidiaries) and Fuwah Hotel respectively.
 
(iii)
During the period/year ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006, the Group paid the rental expenses to Fuhua Management for renting an apartment for the purpose of staff quarters.
 
(iv)
During the year ended December 31, 2005, interest income of RMB838 (US$107) was received from Weifang Neo-Luck Group   in respect of a loan receivable carried at an interest rate of 5.49% per annum.
 

F-30

 
FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
(21)
Related Party Transactions (continued)
 
(b)
Amounts due to related parties as of December 31, 2005 and 2006 are as follows:
 
   
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
Due to related parties - current liabilities
                   
Apex Glory Holdings
   
(70,596
)
 
-
   
-
 
Easebright Investments
   
(18,766
)
 
-
   
-
 
                     
     
(89,362
)
 
-
   
-
 
 
Amoun t s due to related parties comprise the loans from Apex Glory Holdings and Easebright Investments to the Company for financing the acquisition of Shandong Fuwei. Those loans are non-interest bearing and do not have fixed terms of repayment. On November 23, 2006, the outstanding loans were converted into 6,911,895 and 1,837,334 ordinary shares of the Company, respectively.
 
(22)
Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits  
 
Pursuant to the relevant PRC regulations, the Group is required to make contributions at a rate of 20% of employee s ’ salaries and wages to a defined contribution retirement scheme organized by the local Social Bureau in respect of the retirement benefits for the Group’s employees in the PRC. The total amount of contributions of RMB93, RMB527 and RMB456 (US$58) for the period/year ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006, respectively, was charged to administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. The Group has no other obligation to make payments in respect of retirement benefits of the employees.
 
(23)
Fair Value of Financial Instruments  
 
The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable, prepayments and other receivab l es, amounts due from related parties, amounts due to related parties, and accrued liabilities and other payables, approximate their fair values because of the short maturity of these instruments.
 
The carrying amount of bank loans approximate the fair value based on the borrowing rates currently available for bank loans with similar terms and maturity.
 
(24)
Business and Credit Concentrations

(a)
Almost all of the Group’s customers are located in the PRC. There is no individual customer with gross revenue more than 10% of total gross revenue during the period/year ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006.
 
There were no amounts due from customers representing more than 10% of the outstanding accounts receivable at December 31, 2005 and 2006.

(b)
The Group purchased a significant portion of PET resin required for the production of BOPET film from Sinopec Yizheng Chemical Fibre Company Limited (“Sinopec Yizheng”) during the period/year ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006. The Group believes that there are a limited number of suppliers in the PRC with the ability to consistently supply PET resin that meets the Group’s quality standards and requirements. Currently, the Group has an annual supply agreement with Sinopec Yizheng pursuant to which Sinopec Yizheng has agreed to supply fixed quantities of PET resin to the Group on a monthly basis at the prevailing market prices. The terms of such supply agreement are reviewed annually. Although the Group believes that it maintains a good relationship with its major suppliers, there can be no assurance that Sinopec Yizheng will continue to sell to the Group under normal commercial terms as and when needed. In the event that these major suppliers ceased to sell to the Group and the Group could not secure other sources of supply, the Group’s turnover and profitability might be adversely affected.
 
 
F-31

 
FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
(24)
Business and Credit Concentrations (continued)
 
The following are the vendors that supplied 5% or more of our raw materials for each of the period/year ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006:
 
Name of Vendor
 
Supply
 
Percentage of total purchases (%)
 
       
2004
 
2005
 
2006
 
                   
Sinopec Yizheng
   
PET resin
   
68.0
   
66.6
   
58.5
 
Yizheng Tianbao Polyester Co., Ltd
   
Additives
   
7.9
   
16.7
   
23.9
 
Jiangyin Xingtai New Material Co., Ltd
   
PET resin
   
-
   
-
   
6.7
 
Zhuhai Yubua Polyester Co., Ltd.
   
PET resin and additives
   
16.8
   
5.3
   
2.1
 
 
(25)
Commitments and Contingencies

(a)
Operating lease commitments
 
Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases as of December 31, 2006 are as follows:
 
   
RMB
 
       
2007
   
840
 
2008
   
490
 
     
1,330
 
 
The Company leases warehouses and staff quarters under operating leases. The leases typically run for an initial period of between one and five years, with an option to renew the lease after that date at which time all terms are renegotiated. None of the leases includes contingent rentals.
 
For the period/year ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006, total rental expenses for non-cancelable operating leases were RMB253, RMB321 and RMB309 (US$40), respectively.
 
(b)
Capital commitments
 
Capital commitments for purchase of property, plant and equipment as of December 31, 2006 were RMB189,279 (US$24,254).
 
F-32

 
FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
(25)
Commitments and Contingencies (continued)
 
(c)
Outstanding bills receivable discounted
 
As of December 31, 2006, the Company had retained a recourse obligation of RMB2,008 (US$257) in respect of bills receivable discounted with and sold to banks. The recourse obligation represents the amount the Company will be obligated to repay to the extent that the issuing banks who have guaranteed payment do not honor the bills receivable upon maturity. For the period/year presented, the Company did not experience any losses on bills receivable discounted. The discounted bills at December 31, 2005 and 2006 were RMB5,376 and RMB2,008 (US$257), respectively and were disclosed as secured short-term loans (see Note 12).
 
(d)
Legal proceedings
 
In 2006, Shandong Fuwei received a correspondence relating to an arbitration proceeding initiated by DMT S. A. (“DMT”) against Shandong Neo-Luck in the ICC International Court of Arbitration and DMT is seeking monetary damages against Shandong Neo-Luck of approximately US$1,250 plus interest relating to a claim of partial non-payment for the DMT production line Shandong Fuwei acquired from Beijing Baroui in 2005.  Based on an external legal opinion, the Company believes that no liability with respect to such proceeding should arise with regard to Shandong Fuwei, due to the lack of any contract or direct obligation between Shandong Fuwei and DMT. Shandong Fuwei intends to vigorously contest any claims in respect of obligations of Shandong Neo-Luck.
 
(26)
Earnings per Share
 
Basic and diluted earnings per share for the period/year ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006 have been calculated as follows:
 
   
2004
 
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
                   
Net income available to ordinary shareholders
   
14,099
   
57,128
   
67,665
   
8,670
 
Denominator for basic net income available to
                         
ordinary shareholders:
                         
Weighted average number of ordinary shares
                         
outstanding
   
771
   
771
   
1,101,031
   
1,101,031
 
                           
Basic earnings per share
   
18,287
   
74,096
   
61.46
   
7.88
 
                   
                           
Net income available to ordinary shareholders
   
14,099
   
57,128
   
67,665
   
8,670
 
Denominator for diluted net income available to
                         
ordinary shareholders:
                         
Weighted average number of ordinary shares
                         
outstanding
   
771
   
771
   
1,101,031
   
1,101,031
 
Weighted average number of share options
   
-
   
-
   
1,457
   
1,457
 
                           
     
771
   
771
   
1,102,488
   
1,102,488
 
                           
Diluted earnings per share
   
18,287
   
74,096
   
61.37
   
7.86
 
 
 
F-33

 
FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
(27)
Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd (Parent Company)
 
Under PRC regulations, the Company’s operating subsidiary, Shandong Fuwei may pay dividends only out of its accumulated profits, if any, determined in accordance with the accounting standards and regulations prevailing in the PRC (“PRC GAAP”). In addition, Shandong Fuwei is required to set aside at least 10% of its accumulated profits each year, if any, to fund the statutory general reserve until the balance of the reserve reaches 50% of its registered capital. The statutory general reserve is not distributable in the form of cash dividends to the Company and can be used to make up cumulative prior year losses, if any, and may be converted into share capital by the issue of new shares to shareholders in proportion to their existing shareholdings, or by increasing the par value of the shares currently held by them, provided that the reserve balance after such issue is not less than 25% of the registered capital. As of December 31, 2006, additional transfers of RMB11,558 (US$1,481) are required before the statutory general reserve reaches 50% of the registered capital of Shandong Fuwei. Further, Shandong Fuwei is also required to allocate 5% of the profit after tax, determined in accordance with PRC GAAP, to the statutory public welfare fund which is restricted to be used for capital expenditures for staff welfare facilities owned by the Company. The statutory public welfare fund is not available for distribution to equity owners (except in liquidation) and may not be transferred in the form of loans, advances, or cash dividends. As of December 31, 2006, RMB22,627 and RMB11,314 have been appropriated from retained earnings and set aside for statutory general reserve and public welfare fund, respectively by Shandong Fuwei.
 
As of December 31, 2006, the amount of restricted net assets of Shandong Fuwei, which may not be transferred to the Company in the form of loans, advances or cash dividends by the subsidiaries without the consent of a third party, was approximately 33% of the Company’s consolidated net assets as discussed above. In addition, the current foreign exchange control policies applicable in the PRC also restrict the transfer of assets or dividends outside the PRC.
 
The following presents condensed unconsolidated financial information of the Parent Company only.
 
Condensed Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2005 and 2006
 
   
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
               
Cash and cash equivalents
   
16
   
240,978
   
30,878
 
Other current assets
   
89,362
   
96,045
   
12,307
 
Investments in subsidiaries
   
73,085
   
147,762
   
18,934
 
                     
Total assets
   
162,463
   
484,785
   
62,119
 
 
         
 
   
 
 
                     
Current liabilities
   
89,503
   
18,878
   
2,419
 
Total shareholders’ equity
   
72,960
   
465,907
   
59,700
 
                     
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
   
162,463
   
484,785
   
62,119
 
 
 
F-34

 
FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
(27)
Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd (Parent Company) (continued)
 
Condensed Statements of Operations (For the period/year ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006)
 
   
2004
 
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
                   
Interest income
   
-
   
-
   
14
   
2
 
General and administrative expenses
   
(66
)
 
(60
)
 
(2,131
)
 
(273
)
                           
Loss before equity in undistributed
                         
earnings of subsidiaries
   
(66
)
 
(60
)
 
(2,117
)
 
(271
)
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries
   
14,165
   
57,188
   
69,782
   
8,941
 
                           
Net income
   
14,099
   
57,128
   
67,665
   
8,670
 
 
Condensed Statement of Cash Flows  (For the period/year ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006)
 
   
2004
 
2005
 
2006
 
2006
 
 
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
RMB
 
US$
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash flow from operating activities
                 
Net income
   
14,099
   
57,128
   
67,665
   
8,670
 
Adjustment to reconcile net income
                         
to net cash from operating activities:
                         
- Equity in earnings of subsidiaries
   
(14,165
)
 
(57,188
)
 
(69,782
)
 
(8,941
)
- Foreign exchange gain
   
-
   
-
   
(1,473
)
 
(189
)
Changes in operating assets and
                         
liabilities:
                         
- Other current assets
   
(39
)
 
(89,323
)
 
(9,974
)
 
(1,278
)
- Other current liabilities
   
107
   
89,396
   
18,659
   
2,391
 
                           
Net cash provided by operating activities
   
2
   
13
   
5,095
   
653
 
 
         
 
   
 
   
 
 
Cash flow from financing activities
                         
Issuance of share capital
   
1
   
-
   
235,867
   
30,223
 
                           
Net cash provided by financing activities
   
1
   
-
   
235,867
   
30,223
 
                           
Net increase in cash
   
3
   
13
   
240,962
   
30,876
 
Cash:
                         
At beginning of year
   
-
   
3
   
16
   
2
 
                           
At end of year
   
3
   
16
   
240,978
   
30,878
 
 
 
F-35

 
FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
For the period from August 9, 2004 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2004
and the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2006
(amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
 
(28)
Subsequent Events
 
(a)
The short-term loan of RMB8,934 (US$1,145) from China Construction Bank Corporation, with maturity date on January 20,2007 , was fully repaid in January 2007.
 
(b)
In connection with the legal proceedings as mentioned in note 25(d) to these financial statements, the Company filed arbitration against DMT in Weifang Intermediate People’s Court on February 26,2007, relating to the damage of the Company’s reputation by DMT.
 
F-36


Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
The Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Fuwei Films (Shandong) Co., Ltd:
 
We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of Fuwei Films (Shandong) Co., Ltd as of December 31, 2003, and October 26, 2004, and the related statements of income, shareholders’ equity and cash flows for the periods from January 28, 2003 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2003, and January 1, 2004, to October 26, 2004, all expressed in Renminbi. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
 
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Fuwei Films (Shandong) Co., Ltd as of December 31, 2003, and October 26, 2004, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the each of the periods from January 28, 2003 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2003, and January 1, 2004, to October 26, 2004, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
 
As described in Note 24, the Company was acquired by Fuwei (BVI) Co., Ltd on October 27, 2004. The accompanying financial statements do not include any adjustments to the reported amounts that might be required as a result of the application of purchase accounting by the acquirer.
 
 
/s/ KPMG  
Hong Kong, China
 
June 28, 2006
 
F-37

 
FUWEI FILMS (SHANDONG) CO., LTD
BALANCE SHEETS
As of December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004
(amounts in thousands RMB)
 
   
Note
 
2003
 
2004
 
               
Assets
             
               
Current assets
             
Cash
         
16,089
   
12,144
 
Accounts receivable
   
4
   
1,197
   
39,542
 
Inventories
   
5
   
26,533
   
26,365
 
Prepayments and other receivables
   
6
   
6,575
   
7,435
 
Amounts due from related parties
   
19(b
)
 
45,491
   
77,960
 
                     
Total current assets
         
95,885
   
163,446
 
                     
Property, plant and equipment, net
   
7
   
177,814
   
204,804
 
Lease prepayments
   
8
   
15,258
   
15,010
 
Intangible asset, net
   
9
   
326
   
272
 
                     
Total assets
         
289,283
   
383,532
 
                     
Liabilities
                   
                     
Current liabilities
                   
Short-term bank loans
   
10
   
156,000
   
199,600
 
Accounts payable
         
4,785
   
13,235
 
Accrued expenses and other
                   
payables
   
11
   
29,105
   
9,932
 
Amounts due to related parties
   
19(b
)
 
185
   
-
 
Income tax payable
                   
Dividend payable
         
-
   
41,766
 
                     
Total current liabilities
         
190,075
   
264,533
 
                     
Deferred tax liabilities
   
12
   
459
   
485
 
                     
Total liabilities
         
190,534
   
265,018
 
                     
Shareholders’ equity
   
13
             
                     
Share capital
         
91,000
   
91,000
 
Capital reserve
         
48
   
48
 
Statutory reserves
         
3,060
   
12,264
 
Retained earnings
         
4,641
   
15,202
 
                     
Total shareholders’ equity
         
98,749
   
118,514
 
                     
Total liabilities and shareholders’
                   
equity
         
289,283
   
383,532
 
 
S ee accompanying notes to the financial statements.
 
F-38

 
FUWEI FILMS (SHANDONG) CO., LTD
STATEMENTS OF INCOME
For the periods from January 28, 2003 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2003
and January 1, 2004 to October 26, 2004
(amounts in thousands RMB)
 
   
Note
 
2003
 
2004
 
               
Revenues
   
14
   
95,070
   
286,114
 
Cost of goods sold
   
15, 16
   
(66,713
)
 
(207,164
)
                     
Gross profit
         
28,357
   
78,950
 
                     
Operating expenses
                   
- Distribution expenses
   
15, 16
   
(1,473
)
 
(5,224
)
- Administrative expenses
   
15
   
(3,209
)
 
(5,400
)
                     
Total operating expenses
         
(4,682
)
 
(10,624
)
                     
Operating income
         
23,675
   
68,326
 
                     
Other income/(expense)
                   
- Interest income
         
32
   
101
 
- Interest expense
         
(675
)
 
(7,291
)
- Foreign currency exchange loss
         
-
   
(40
)
- Sale of scrap materials
         
427
   
452
 
- Other income
         
1
   
9
 
                     
Other expense, net
         
(215
)
 
(6,769
)
                     
Income before income tax expense
         
23,460
   
61,557
 
Income tax expense
   
12
   
(459
)
 
(26
)
                     
Net income
         
23,001
   
61,531
 
 
See accompanying notes to the financial statements.
 
F-39

 
FUWEI FILMS (SHANDONG) CO., LTD
STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
For the periods from January 28, 2003 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2003
and January 1, 2004 to October 26, 2004
(amounts in thousands RMB)

                       
Total
 
 
 
 
 
Registered
 
Capital
 
Statutory
 
Retained
 
shareholders’
 
 
 
Note
 
capital
 
reserve
 
reserves
 
earnings
 
equity
 
                           
Balance as of January 28, 2003
                         
(date of incorporation)
         
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
 
Capital injected upon incorporation
   
1
   
91,000
   
48
   
-
   
-
   
91,048
 
Net income
         
-
   
-
   
-
   
23,001
   
23,001
 
Appropriation to statutory reserves
   
13
   
-
   
-
   
3,060
   
(3,060
)
 
-
 
Dividends approved during the period
   
18
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
(15,300
)
 
(15,300
)
                                       
Balance as of December 31, 2003
         
91,000
   
48
   
3,060
   
4,641
   
98,749
 
                                       
Net income
         
-
   
-
   
-
   
61,531
   
61,531
 
Appropriation to statutory reserves
   
13
   
-
   
-
   
9,204
   
(9,204
)
 
-
 
Dividends approved during the period
   
18
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
(41,766
)
 
(41,766
)
                                       
Balance as of October 26, 2004
         
91,000
   
48
   
12,264
   
15,202
   
118,514
 
 
See accompanying notes to the financial statements.
 
F-40

 
 
FUWEI FILMS (SHANDONG) CO., LTD
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the periods from January 28, 2003 (date of incorporation) to December 31, 2003,
and January 1, 2004 to October 26, 2004
(amounts in thousands RMB)
 
           
   
2003
 
2004
 
Cash flow from operating activities
         
Net income
   
23,001
   
61,531
 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash
             
used in operating activities
             
- Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment
   
3
   
-
 
- Depreciation of property, plant and equipment
   
2,141
   
11,867
 
- Amortization of lease prepayments and
             
intangible assets
   
116
   
302
 
- Deferred income tax expense
   
459
   
26
 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities
             
- Accounts receivable
   
(1,197
)
 
(38,345
)
- Inventories
   
(26,533
)
 
168
 
- Prepaid expenses and other current assets
   
(6,253
)
 
876
 
- Accounts payable
   
4,785
   
8,450
 
- Accrued expenses and other payables
   
29,105
   
(19,173
)
- Amounts due to related parties
   
(8,315
)
 
(6,756
)
               
Net cash provided by operating activities
   
17,312
   
18,946
 
               
Cash flow from investing activities
             
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
   
(179,958
)
 
(38,857
)
Deposits paid for purchase of property, plant and equipment
   
(36,991
)
 
(27,634
)
Payment for land use rights
   
(15,660
)
 
-
 
Purchase of intangible asset
   
(362
)
 
-
 
               
Net cash used in investing activities
   
(232,971
)
 
(66,491
)
               
Cash flow from financing activities
             
Contribution from shareholders
   
91,048
   
-
 
Principal payments of short-term bank loans
   
-
   
(164,000
)
Proceeds from short-term bank loans
   
156,000
   
207,600
 
Dividends paid
   
(15,300
)
 
-
 
               
Net cash provided by financing activities
   
231,748
   
43,600
 
               
Net increase/(decrease) in cash
   
16,089
   
(3,945
)
               
Cash
             
At beginning of period
   
-
   
16,089
 
               
At end of period
   
16,089
   
12,144
 
               
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information
             
Cash paid during the period for:
             
Interest expense
   
1,366
   
7,399
 
 
See accompanying notes to the financial statements
 
F-41

 
FUWEI FILMS (SHANDONG) CO., LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004
(amounts in thousands RMB)
 
(1)
Principal Activities
 
Fuwei Films (Shandong) Co., Ltd (the “Company”) is principally engaged in the production and distribution of BOPET film, a high quality plastic film widely used in the packaging, imaging, electronics and electrical as well as magnetic products in the People’s Republic of China (the “PRC”).
 
On January 28, 2003, Beijing Changfu Investment Co., Ltd (“Changfu Investment”) and Jimswood Group, Ltd (“Jimswood Group”) established the Company in the PRC as a limited liability company with a registered capital of US$11,000. As of June 16, 2003, Changfu Investment and Jimswood Group contributed cash of US$5,610 (RMB46,409) and US$1,800 (RMB 14,940) into the Company respectively. On July 29, 2003, the Economic Development Bureau of Weifang High and New Technology Development Zone approved the extension for the contribution of the Company to be paid up to before December 31, 2004. In July 2003, the Company commenced the production of BOPET film, by initially renting relevant property, plant and equipment (“Brückner production line”) from Shandong Neo-Luck Plastics Co., Ltd (“Shandong Neo-Luck”), a company which was previously engaged in the business of BOPET film production and was 59% owned by the Weifang Neo-Luck (Group) Co., Ltd (“Weifang Neo-Luck Group”), a state-owned enterprise. Shandong Neo-Luck’s property, plant and equipment and lease prepayments had been pledged to banks to secure certain bank loans. Shandong Neo-Luck defaulted on such loans, and the creditor banks exercised their rights to assume ownership of these assets. On October 9, 2003, the Company acquired these assets through public auction for a purchase consideration of RMB156,000.
 
Subsequently on November 21, 2003, Changfu Investment and Jimswood Group entered into a share transfer agreement with Shenghong Group Co., Ltd (“Shenghong Group”) and Shandong Baorui Investment Co., Ltd (“Shandong Baorui”) to transfer their shareholdings in the Company to Shenghong Group and Shandong Baorui, which then owned 90% and 10% of the equity interest in the Company, respectively. Shandong Baorui was established by certain former members of the management team and former employees (the “Group Founders”) of Shandong Neo-Luck. As of December 31, 2003, Shenghong Group and Shandong Baorui contributed cash of US$2,490 (RMB20,599) and US$1,100 (RMB9,100) into the Company respectively.
 
(2)
Basis of Presentation
 
The Company’s financial statements are presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”).
 
This basis of accounting differs in certain material respects from that used in the preparation of the books of account of the Company which are prepared in accordance with the accounting principles and the relevant financial regulations applicable to enterprises limited by shares as established by the Ministry of Finance of the PRC (“PRC GAAP”), the accounting standards used in the country of its domicile. The accompanying financial statements reflect necessary adjustments not recorded in the books of account of the Company to present them in conformity with US GAAP.
 
F-42

 
FUWEI FILMS (SHANDONG) CO., LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004
(amounts in thousands RMB)
 
(3)
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Practices
 
(a)
Foreign Currency Transactions
 
The Company’s functional and reporting currency is the Renminbi (“RMB”).
 
Transactions denominated in currencies other than RMB are translated into RMB at the exchange rates quoted by the People’s Bank of China (the “PBOC”) prevailing at the dates of transactions. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into RMB using the applicable exchange rates quoted by the PBOC at the balance sheet dates. The resulting foreign currency exchange gains and losses are reported as a component of other income (expense) in the statements of income.
 
Commencing from July 21, 2005, the PRC government moved the RMB into a managed floating exchange rate regime based on market supply and demand with reference to a basket of currencies. The exchange rate of the U.S. dollar against the RMB was adjusted from approximately RMB8.28 per U.S. dollar on July 20, 2005 to RMB8.11 per U.S. dollar on July 21, 2005.
 
RMB is not fully convertible into foreign currencies. All foreign exchange transactions involving RMB must take place either through the PBOC or other institutions authorized to buy and sell foreign currency. The exchange rate adopted for the foreign exchange transactions are the rates of exchange quoted by the PBOC which are determined largely by supply and demand.
 
(b)
Cash
 
None of the Company’s cash is restricted as to withdrawal. For the periods presented the Company had no cash equivalents.
 
(c)
Trade Accounts Receivable
 
Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount after deduction of trade discounts, value added taxes and allowances, if any, and do not bear interest. The allowance for doubtful accounts is the Company’s best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in the Company’s existing accounts receivable. The Company determines the allowance based on historical write-off experience, customer specific facts and economic conditions.
 
The Company reviews its allowance for doubtful accounts monthly. Past due balances over 90 days and over a specified amount are reviewed individually for collectibility. All other balances are reviewed on a pooled basis by aging of such balances. Account balances are charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. The Company does not have any off-balance-sheet credit exposure related to its customers. At December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004 there was no allowance for doubtful accounts because the Company expects to collect all receivable amounts.
 
(d)
Inventories
 
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market value. Cost is determined using first-in, first-out basis method. Cost of work in progress and finished goods comprises direct material, direct production cost and an allocation proportion of production overheads based on normal operating capacity.

F-43

 
 
FUWEI FILMS (SHANDONG) CO., LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004
(amounts in thousands RMB)
 
(3)
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Practices (continued)
 
(e)
Property, Plant and Equipment
 
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment.
 
Depreciation on property, plant and equipment is calculated on the straight-line method (after taking into account their respective estimated residual values) over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:
 
   
Years
 
Buildings and improvements
   
25 - 30
 
Plant and equipment
   
10 - 15
 
Computer equipment
   
5
 
Furniture and fixtures
   
5
 
Motor vehicles
   
5
 
 
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment attributable to manufacturing activities is capitalized as part of inventory, and expensed to cost of goods sold when inventory is sold. Depreciation related to abnormal amounts from idle capacity is charged to cost of goods sold for the period incurred. Total depreciation for each of the periods ended December 31, 2003, and October 26, 2004 was RMB2,141 and RMB11,867 respectively, of which 94% and 97% was recorded in cost of goods sold and 6% and 3% were recorded in administrative expenses, respectively.
 
Construction in progress represented capital expenditure in respect of BOPET production line. No depreciation is provided in respect of construction in progress.
 
(f)
Lease Prepayments
 
Lease prepayments represent the acquisition cost of land use rights in the PRC. Land use rights are carried at cost and amortized on a straight-line basis over the respective periods of rights of 30 years. The current portion of lease prepayments has been included in prepayments and other receivables in the balance sheet.
 
(g)
Intangible Assets
 
The Company acquired a trademark for use in the production and distribution of plastic flexible packaging materials. The trademark is stated at acquisition cost less accumulated amortization. Amortization expense is recognized on the straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of 5 years of the trademark.
 
(h)
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
 
Long-lived assets, including property, plant and equipment and intangible assets, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable.

F-44

 

FUWEI FILMS (SHANDONG) CO., LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004
(amounts in thousands RMB)
 
(3)
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Practices (continued)
 
(h)
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets (continued)
 
Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset.
 
(i)
Revenue Recognition
 
Sales of plastic flexible packaging materials are reported, net of value added taxes (“VAT”), sales returns, trade discounts and allowances. The standard terms and conditions under which the Company generally delivers allow a customer the right to return product for refund only if the product does not conform to product specifications; the non-conforming product is identified by the customer; and the customer rejects the non-conforming product and notifies the Company within 7 days and 30 days of receipt for sales to customers in the PRC and overseas respectively. The Company recognizes revenue when products are delivered and the customer takes ownership and assumes risk of loss, collection of the relevant receivable is probable, persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists and the sales price is fixed or determinable.
 
In the PRC, VAT of 17% on invoice amount is collected in respect of the sales of goods on behalf of tax authorities. The VAT collected is not a revenue of the Company; instead, the amount is recorded as a liability on the balance sheet until such VAT is paid to the authorities.
 
(j)
Government Grants
 
Government grants are recognized in the balance sheet initially as deferred income when they have been received. Grants that compensate the Company for expenses incurred are recognized as a reduction of expenses in the statement of income in the same period in which the related expenses are incurred. There were no grants recognized for each of the periods ended December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004.
 
(k)
Research and Development Costs
 
Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Research and development costs amounted to RMB251 and RMB781 for the periods ended December 31, 2003, and October 26, 2004 and such costs were recorded in administrative expenses.
 
(l)
Retirement and Other Postretirement Benefits
 
Contributions to retirement schemes (which are defined contribution plans) are charged to expense as and when the related employee service is provided.
 
(m)
Income Taxes
 
Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.
 
F-45

 
FUWEI FILMS (SHANDONG) CO., LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004
(amounts in thousands RMB)
 
(3)
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Practices (continued)
 
(n)
Use of Estimates
 
The preparation of the financial statements in accordance with US GAAP requires management of the Company to make a number of estimates and assumptions relating to the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates. On an ongoing basis, management reviews its estimates and assumptions including those related to the recoverability of the carrying amount and the estimated useful lives of long-lived assets, valuation allowances for accounts receivable and realizable values for inventories. Changes in facts and circumstances may result in revised estimates.
 
(o)
Segment Reporting
 
The Company uses the “management approach” in determining reportable operating segments. The management approach considers the internal organization and reporting used by the Company’s chief operating decision maker for making operating decisions and assessing performance as the source for determining the Company’s reportable segments. Management, including the chief operating decision maker, reviews operating results solely by monthly revenue of BOPET film (but not by sub-product type or geographic area) and operating results of the Company and, as such, management has determined that the Company has no operating segment as defined by Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 131, Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information .
 
(p)
Contingencies
 
In the normal course of business, the Company is subject to contingencies, including legal proceedings and claims arising out of the business that relate to a wide range of matters, including among others, product liability. The Company records accruals for such contingency based upon the assessment of the probability of occurrence and, where determinable, an estimate of the liability. The Company may consider many factors in making these assessments including past history and the specifics of each matter. As the Company has not become aware of any product liability claim since operations commenced, the Company has not recognized a liability for product liability claims.
 
(4)
Accounts Receivable
 
Accounts receivable at December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004 consist of the following:
 
   
2003
 
2004
 
           
Accounts receivable
   
-
   
34,023
 
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts
   
-
   
-
 
 
      -    
34,023
 
Bills receivable
   
1,197
   
5,519
 
     
1,197
   
39,542
 
 
F-46

 
FUWEI FILMS (SHANDONG) CO., LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004
(amounts in thousands RMB)
 
(4)
Accounts Receivable (continued)
 
The Company has a credit policy in place and the exposure to credit risk is monitored on an ongoing basis. Credit evaluations are performed on all customers requiring credit over a certain amount. These receivables are due within 7 to 60 days from the date of billing. Normally, the Company does not obtain collateral from customers.
 
(5)
Inventories
 
Inventories at December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004 consist of the following:
 
   
2003
 
2004
 
           
Raw materials
   
18,022
   
12,143
 
Work-in-progress
   
1,096
   
2,302
 
Finished goods
   
7,263
   
11,637
 
Consumables and spare parts
   
152
   
283
 
     
26,533
   
26,365
 
 
(6)
Prepayments and Other Receivables  
 
Prepayments and other receivables at December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004 consist of the following:
 
   
2003
 
2004
 
           
Purchase deposits of raw
             
materials
   
5,241
   
3,167
 
Prepayments (notes (a) and (b))
   
1,145
   
3,482
 
Other receivables
   
189
   
786
 
     
6,575
   
7,435
 
 
(a)   Prepayments at December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004 include an amount of RMB322 and RMB322, respectively, representing the current portion of lease prepayments of the Company (see Note 8).
 
(b)   Prepayments at October 26, 2004 also include a deposit of RMB1,736 in respect of purchase of a machine to be installed in the new production line.
 
F-47

 
 
FUWEI FILMS (SHANDONG) CO., LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004
(amounts in thousands RMB)
 
(7)
Property, Plant and Equipment, net
 
Property, plant and equipment consist of the following:
 
   
2003
 
2004
 
           
Buildings
   
37,343
   
38,389
 
Plant and equipment
   
139,934
   
167,315
 
Computer equipment
   
616
   
758
 
Furniture and fixtures
   
1,414
   
1,450
 
Motor vehicles
   
648
   
1,149
 
Construction-in-progress
   
-
   
9,750
 
 
   
179,955
   
218,811
 
Less: accumulated depreciation
   
(2,141
)
 
(14,007
)
 
   
177,814
   
204,804
 
 
All of the Company’s buildings are located in the PRC. As of December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004, property, plant and equipment with carrying value totaling RMB136,268 and RMB151,415 respectively were pledged to banks as collateral for short-term bank loans of RMB90,000 and RMB109,100 respectively (see Note 10).
 
Construction-in-progress represents capital expenditures in respect of BOPET production line. Interest expenses capitalized for each of the periods ended December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004 were RMB777 and RMB203, respectively (see Note 17).
 
(8)
Lease Prepayments
 
The balance represents the land use rights of the Company as follows:
 
   
2003
 
2004
 
           
Prepaid land use rights
   
15,660
   
15,660
 
Accumulated amortization
   
(80
)
 
(328
)
 
   
15,580
   
15,332
 
 
             
The balance is classified as follows:
     
Non-current portion
   
15,258
   
15,010
 
Current portion - amount to be amortized next year
   
322
   
322
 
     
15,580
   
15,332
 
 
As of December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004, prepaid land use rights were pledged to banks as collateral for short-term bank loans of RMB66,000 and RMB66,000 respectively (Note 10).
 
Amortization expense for each of the periods ended December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004 was RMB80 and RMB248 respectively.

F-48

 
 
FUWEI FILMS (SHANDONG) CO., LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004
(amounts in thousands RMB)
 
 
(9)
Intangible Asset, net
 
   
2003
 
2004
 
           
Trademark
   
362
   
362
 
Less: accumulated amortization
   
(36
)
 
(90
)
     
326
   
272
 
 
Intangible asset represents trademark of “Neo-Luck” acquired by Shandong Fuwei at a consideration of RMB362 from Shandong Neo-Luck Plastic on 20 July 2003 (i.e. prior to the acquisition as described in Note 1). Amortization expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of 5 years. Amortization of intangible asset was RMB36 and RMB54 for each of the periods ended December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004 respectively.
 
(10)
Short-term Bank Loans
 
Lender
 
Interest rate
per annum
 
2003
 
2004
 
               
Bank of Communications Co., Ltd.
             
- November 7, 2003 to November 7, 2004
   
5.310
%
 
66,000
   
66,000
 
- October 13, 2003 to October 13, 2004
   
5.310
%
 
60,000
   
-
 
- September 29, 2003 to September 29, 2004
   
5.310
%
 
30,000
   
-
 
- September 20, 2004 to September 20, 2005
   
5.310
%
 
-
   
60,000
 
- September 29, 2004 to September 20, 2005
   
5.310
%
 
-
   
30,000
 
 
                   
China Construction Bank Corporation
                   
- February 16, 2004 to February 16, 2005
   
5.841
%
 
-
   
1,300
 
- January 14, 2004 to January 14, 2005
   
5.841
%
 
-
   
15,000
 
 
                   
Agricultural Bank of China Co., Ltd.
                   
- September 22, 2004 to September 5, 2005
   
5.841
%
 
-
   
8,200
 
- September 22, 2004 to September 5, 2005
   
5.841
%
 
-
   
19,100
 
 
         
156,000
   
199,600
 
 
Notes:
 
During each of the periods ended December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004, the Company entered into various loan agreements with commercial banks in the PRC with terms no more than one year to finance its working capital. None of the loan agreements requires the Company to comply with financial covenants. The weighted average interest rate of short-term bank loans outstanding as of December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004 were 5.31% and 5.42% per annum, respectively.
 
The principal of the above short-term loans are repayable at the end of the loan period.

F-49

 
 

FUWEI FILMS (SHANDONG) CO., LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004
(amounts in thousands RMB)
 
(10)
Short-term Bank Loans (continued)
 
Short-term loans outstanding, which are all denominated in Renminbi, are secured and guaranteed as follows:
 
   
2003
 
2004
 
           
Secured by:
             
- property, plant and equipment
   
90,000
   
109,100
 
- lease prepayments
   
66,000
   
66,000
 
               
Guaranteed by related parties (Note 19(a))
   
-
   
24,500
 
     
156,000
   
199,600
 
 
(11)
Accrued Expenses and Other Payables
 
Accrued expenses and other payables at December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004 consist of the following:
 
   
2003
 
2004
 
           
Payables for contractors
   
2,695
   
2,510
 
Receipts in advance from customers
   
24,263
   
4,217
 
Value-Added Tax (“VAT”) payable
   
1,486
   
1,759
 
Others
   
661
   
1,446
 
      29,105     9,932  
 
(12)
Income Tax
 
The Company, being a Hi-Tech Enterprise in the Weifang Hi-Tech Industrial Zone in Shandong, the PRC, has been granted preferential tax treatment by the Tax Bureau of the PRC. According to the PRC Income Tax Law and various approval documents issued by the Tax Bureau, the Company’s profit is taxed at a rate of 15%.
 
However, the Company has been granted certain tax relief under which it is exempted from PRC income tax for the period from 28 January 2003 to 31 December 2004.
 
Income tax expense consists of:
 
 
Current
 
Deferred
 
Total
 
PRC Income tax
             
Period ended December 31, 2003
   
-
   
459
   
459
 
                     
Period ended October 26, 2004
   
-
   
26
   
26
 

F-50


FUWEI FILMS (SHANDONG) CO., LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004
(amounts in thousands RMB)
 
(12)
Income Tax (continued)
 
Income tax expense reported in the statement of income differs from the amount computed by applying the PRC income tax rate of 15% (the statutory tax rate of the Company) for each of the periods ended December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004 for the following reasons:
 
   
2003
 
2004
 
Income before income taxes
   
23,460
   
61,557
 
Computed “expected” tax expense
   
3,519
   
9,234
 
Tax holiday
   
(3,060
)
 
(9,208
)
Actual income tax expense
   
459
   
26
 
 
Tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax liability as of December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004 are presented below.
 
   
2003
 
2004
 
Construction in progress, principally due to capitalized interest
   
-
   
31
 
Property, plant and equipment, principally due to differences in depreciation and capitalized interest
   
116
   
111
 
Other receivables
   
343
   
343
 
Total deferred tax liability
   
459
   
485
 
 
(13)
Shareholders’ Equity
 
Registered capital
 
The Company’s registered capital was US$11,000 (RMB91,000). Capital contribution in excess of the registered capital was credited to contributed surplus.
 
Paid-in capital
 
The Company’s paid-in capital as of December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004 was RMB91,000.
 
Statutory reserves
 
Transfers from retained earnings to statutory reserves were made in accordance with the relevant PRC rules and regulations and the articles of association of the Company and were approved by the board of directors of the Company.

F-51


FUWEI FILMS (SHANDONG) CO., LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004
(amounts in thousands RMB)
 
(14)
Revenues
 
The Company derives revenues from the production and distribution of plastic flexible packaging materials.
 
The following table shows the distribution of the Company’s revenue by the geographical location of customers, whereas all the Company’s assets are located in the PRC:
 
   
2003
 
2004
 
           
The PRC
   
95,070
   
279,495
 
Overseas countries (principally United States of America, Japan and Europe)
   
-
   
6,619
 
     
95,070
   
286,114
 
 
The Company’s revenue by significant types of films for 2003 and 2004 is as follows:
 
   
2003
 
2004
 
           
Printing film
   
38,856
   
124,405
 
Stamping film
   
15,847
   
55,907
 
Metallization film
   
30,926
   
76,697
 
Base film for other applications
   
9,441
   
28,110
 
Special film
   
-
   
995
 
     
95,070
   
286,114
 
 
(15)
Depreciation and Amortization
 
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment and amortization of intangible asset and lease prepayments are included in the following captions:
 
   
2003
 
2004
 
           
Cost of goods sold
   
2,005
   
11,507
 
Distribution expenses
   
3
   
7
 
Administrative expenses
   
249
   
655
 
     
2,257
   
12,169
 
 
F-52

 
FUWEI FILMS (SHANDONG) CO., LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004
(amounts in thousands RMB)
 
(16)
Freight Costs
 
The Company records freight costs related to the transporting of the raw materials to the Company's warehouse in cost of goods and all other outbound freight costs in distribution expenses. For the periods ended December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004, freight costs included in cost of goods sold were RMB14 and RMB76, respectively, and RMB955 and RMB4,363 were included in distribution expenses.
 
(17)
Interest Expense
 
The Company capitalizes interest expense as a component of the cost of construction in progress. The following is a summary of interest cost incurred during each of the periods ended December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004:
 
 
 
2003
 
2004
 
           
Interest cost capitalized
   
777
   
203
 
Interest cost charged to expense
   
675
   
7,291
 
     
1,452
   
7,494
 
 
(18)
Dividends
 
Pursuant to resolutions passed at the Directors’ meeting of the Company held in November, 2003 and October, 2004, interim dividends of RMB15,300 and RMB41,766 in respect of the statutory years 2003 and 2004 were declared during each of the periods ended December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004 respectively.
 
(19)
Related Party Transactions
 
Name of party
 
Relationship
     
Shandong Baorui Investment Co., Ltd (“Shandong Baorui”)
 
Shareholder (10%) of Shandong Fuwei.
     
Shenghong Group Co., Ltd
(“Shenghong Group”)
 
Shareholder (90%) of Shandong Fuwei.
     
Shandong Neo-Luck Plastic Co., Ltd (“Shandong Neo-Luck”)
 
The Group Founders’ former employer, previously engaged in the business of BOPET film production.
Weifang Neo-Luck (Group) Co., Ltd (“Weifang Neo-Luck Group”)
 
Major shareholder (59%) of Shandong Neo-Luck. One of the directors of the Company was the general manager of Weifang Neo-Luck Group.
     
Fuhua Industrial Material Management Co., Ltd. (“Fuhua Management”)
 
Investment owned by Weifang Neo-Luck Group.
     
Weifang Fuwah Hotel Co. Ltd
(“Fuwah Hotel”)
 
Investment owned by Weifang Neo-Luck Group.
 
 
F-53


FUWEI FILMS (SHANDONG) CO., LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004
(amounts in thousands RMB)
 
(19)
Related Party Transactions (continued)
 
(a)
The principal related party transactions during the periods ended December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004 are as follows:  
 
   
Note
 
2003
 
2004
 
               
Operating lease charge in respect of property, plant and equipment
   
(i
)
 
4,400
   
-
 
Acquisition of Brückner production line
   
(ii
)
 
156,000
   
-
 
Sub-contracting fee
   
(iii
)
 
782
   
5,454
 
Guarantee of bank loans
   
(iv
)
 
-
   
24,500
 
Rentals for staff quarters
   
(v
)
 
113
   
192
 
 
Notes:
(i)    Prior to the acquisition of the Brückner production line through auction as described in (ii) below, the Company paid a monthly rental of approximately RMB1,500 to Shandong Neo-Luck for the use of the Brückner production line for the period from July 2003 to September 2003.
 
(ii)    The Brückner production line was originally owned by Shandong Neo-Luck and was mortgaged (the “Mortgaged Assets”) to the Bank of China, Weifang City branch (the “Mortgagee Bank”) as security for several loans extended to Shandong Neo-Luck’s affiliates. When the borrowers defaulted on repayment of the loans, the Mortgagee Bank brought a series of law suits against the borrowers and the guarantors, including Shandong Neo-Luck as co-defendants. The aforesaid cases were heard by the Weifang Municipal People’s Court in the PRC and judgment was awarded to the Mortgagee Bank. To enforce the judgment, the Mortgagee Bank instructed Shandong Weifang Auction Company to auction off the Mortgaged Assets to recover monies for the repayment of the loans. On October 9, 2003, Shandong Fuwei acquired the Mortgaged Assets through public auction (with an appraised value of RMB168,752) for a consideration of RMB156,000.
 
(iii)    With effect from November 2003, the Company paid a sub-contracting fee to Shandong Neo-Luck at a pre-determined rate of RMB0.87146 per tonne for the use of the DMT production line.
 
(iv)    At October 26, 2004, bank loans totalling RMB23,200 and RMB1,300 were guaranteed by Weifang Neo-Luck Group (collectively with two of its subsidiaries) and Fuwah Hotel respectively.
 
(v)    During each of the periods ended December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004, the Group paid the rental expenses to Fuhua Management for renting an apartment for the purpose of staff quarters.

F-54


FUWEI FILMS (SHANDONG) CO., LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004
(amounts in thousands RMB)
 
 
(19)
Related Party Transactions (continued)
 
(b)
Amounts due from/(to) related parties
 
   
Note
 
2003
 
2004
 
Due from related parties
                   
- current assets
                   
Shandong Neo-Luck
   
(i
)
 
36,991
   
62,889
 
Weifang Neo-Luck Group
   
(ii
)
 
8,500
   
9,171
 
Shandong Baorui
   
(iii
)
 
-
   
500
 
Shenghong Group
   
(iii
)
 
-
   
5,000
 
Fuwah Hotel
   
(iv
)
 
-
   
400
 
           
45,491
   
77,960
 
                     
Due to related parties
                   
- current liabilities
                   
Fuwah Hotel
   
(iv
)
 
(185
)
 
-
 
                     
 
Amounts due from/(to) related parties comprise mainly:
 
(i)    The balances represent the prepayments made by the Company to Shandong Neo-Luck for the acquisition of DMT production line from Shandong Neo-Luck. Subsequently, the Company purchased the DMT production line from Shandong Neo-Luck through public auction on December 25, 2004 for RMB119,280 with the prepayments of RMB 62,889 applied to the purchase.
 
(ii)    The balance represents a loan advance to Weifang Neo-Luck Group, which carried interest at 5.49% per annum.
 
(iii)    The balances represent the current accounts between the Company and Shandong Baorui and Shenghong Group, which are interest free and with no fixed terms of repayment.
 
(iv)    The balance in 2003 represents the conference expenses payable to Fuwah Hotel.
 
The 2004 balance represents the deposits paid for expenses for Company’s conference held in Fuwah Hotel .
 
F-55


FUWEI FILMS (SHANDONG) CO., LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004
(amounts in thousands RMB)
 
(20)
Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits
 
Pursuant to the relevant PRC regulations, the Company is required to make contributions at a rate of 20% of employees’ salaries and wages to a defined contribution retirement scheme organized by the local Social Bureau in respect of the retirement benefits for the Company’s employees in the PRC. The total amount of contributions of RMB145 and RMB378 for each of the periods ended December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004, respectively, was charged to administrative expenses in the accompanying statements of income. The Company has no other obligations to make payments in respect of retirement benefits of the employees.
 
(21)
Fair Value of Financial Instruments  
 
The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable, prepayments and other receivables, amounts due from related parties, amounts due to related parties, and accrued liabilities and other payables, approximate their fair values because of the short maturity of these instruments.
 
The carrying amount of bank loans approximate the fair value based on the borrowing rates currently available for bank loans with similar terms and maturity.
 
(22)
Business and Credit Concentrations
 
(a)
All of the Company’s customers are located in the PRC. The following are the customers that individually comprise 10% or more of gross revenue for the periods ended December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004:
 
   
2003
 
  %
 
2004
 
%  
 
DareGlobal Technologies Danyang Advanced Packaging Material Branch
   
10,157
   
11
   
15,733
   
5
 
 
At December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004, approximately Nil and 11% respectively, was due from this customer. As a result, a termination of the relationship or a reduction in orders from this customer would have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations and financial condition. The Company performs ongoing evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and, generally, requires no collateral from its customers.
 
The gross accounts receivable and bills receivable due from major customer, DareGlobal Technologies Danyang Advanced Packing Material Branch at December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004, were as follows:
 
   
2003
 
%  
 
2004
 
  %
 
DareGlobal Technologies Danyang Advanced Packing Material Branch
   
-
   
-
   
4,420
   
11
 

F-56


FUWEI FILMS (SHANDONG) CO., LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004
(amounts in thousands RMB)
 
( 22)
Business and Credit Concentrations (continued)
 
(b)
The Company purchased a significant portion of PET resin required for the production of BOPET film from Sinopec Yizheng Chemical Fibre Company Limited (“Sinopec Yizheng”) during the periods ended December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004. The Company believes that there is a limited number of suppliers in the PRC with the ability to consistently supply PET resin that meets the Company’s quality standards and requirements. The Company has an annual supply agreement with Sinopec Yizheng pursuant to which Sinopec Yizheng has agreed to supply fixed quantities of PET resin to the Company on a monthly basis at the prevailing market prices. The terms of such supply agreement are reviewed annually. Although the Company believes that it maintains a good relationship with its major suppliers, there can be no assurance that Sinopec Yizheng will continue to sell to the Company under normal commercial terms as and when needed. In the event that these major suppliers ceased to sell to the Company and the Company could not secure other sources of supply, the Company’s turnover and profitability might be adversely affected.
 
The following are the vendors that supplied 5% or more of our raw materials for each of the periods ended December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004:
 
Name of Vendor
 
Supply
 
Percentage of total purchases (%)
 
 
 
 
 
2003
 
2004
 
Sinopec Yizheng
   
Pet resin
   
74.1
   
62.2
 
Yizheng Tianbao Polyester    Co., Ltd.
   
Additives
   
9.7
   
12.1
 
Zhuhai Yuhua Polyester    Co., Ltd.
   
Pet resin and additives
   
9.4
   
17.4
 
 
(23)
Commitments and Contingencies
 
(a)
Operating lease commitments
 
Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases as of October 26, 2004 are as follows:
 
   
2004
 
       
2004
   
52
 
2005
   
277
 
2006
   
231
 
2007
   
231
 
2008
   
221
 
     
1,012
 
 
The Company leases warehouses and staff quarters under operating leases. The leases typically run for an initial period of between one and five years, with an option to renew the lease after that date with all terms are renegotiated. None of the leases includes contingent rentals.
 
F-57

 
FUWEI FILMS (SHANDONG) CO., LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004
(amounts in thousands RMB)
 
 
(23)
Commitments and Contingencies (continued)
 
(a)
Operating lease commitments (continued)
 
For each of the periods ended December 31, 2003 and October 26, 2004, total rental expenses for non-cancelable operating leases were RMB5,063 and RMB261, respectively.
 
The Company initially entered into an operating lease agreement with Shandong Neo-Luck at monthly rental of RMB 1,500 for the period from July 1, 2003 to June 30, 2005 for the use of the Brückner production line. During the period from July 2003 to September 2003, total rental of RMB 4,400 was paid by the Company to Shandong Neo-Luck for the use of the Brückner production line and such expenses were charged to cost of goods sold in the statements of income.
 
(b)
Capital commitments
 
Capital commitments for purchase of property, plant and equipment as of October 26, 2004 was RMB141,646.
 
(24)
Subsequent Event
 
On October 27, 2004, the Company was acquired for an aggregate consideration of RMB91,093 by Fuwei (BVI) Co., Ltd.
 
F-58

 
Exhibit 3.2
 
Articles of Association
Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd.

FORM OF AMENDED MEMORANDUM AND ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION TO
 BE ADOPTED PRIOR TO OR UPON CONSUMMATION OF THE OFFERING

THE COMPANIES LAW
EXEMPTED COMPANY LIMITED BY SHARES
AMENDED

MEMORANDUM OF ASSOCIATION
OF

Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd.
富維穼繤 ( 控罟 ) 有榰公司

 
1.
The name of the Company is Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd.   富維穼繤 ( 控罟 ) 有榰公司 .

 
2.
The Registered Office of the Company shall be at the offices of Codan Trust Company (Cayman) Limited, Century Yard, Cricket Square, Hutchins Drive, P.O. Box 2681, Grand Cayman, KY1-1111, Cayman Islands.

 
3.
Subject to the following provisions of this Memorandum, the objects for which the Company is established are unrestricted.

 
4.
Subject to the following provisions of this Memorandum, the Company shall have and be capable of exercising all the functions of a natural person of full capacity irrespective of any question of corporate benefit, as provided by Section 27(2) of The Companies Law.

 
5.
Nothing in this Memorandum shall permit the Company to carry on a business for which a licence is required under the laws of the Cayman Islands unless duly licensed.

 
6.
The Company shall not trade in the Cayman Islands with any person, firm or corporation except in furtherance of the business of the Company carried on outside the Cayman Islands; provided that nothing in this clause shall be construed as to prevent the Company effecting and concluding contracts in the Cayman Islands, and exercising in the Cayman Islands all of its powers necessary for the carrying on of its business outside the Cayman Islands.

 
7.
The liability of each member is limited to the amount from time to time unpaid on such member's shares.

 
8.
The authorised share capital of the Company is US$25,000,000 divided into 25,000,000 ordinary shares of a par value of US$1.00 each.

 
9.
The Company may exercise the power contained in the Companies Law to deregister in the Cayman Islands and be registered by way of continuation in another jurisdiction.


 
 
The Companies Law (Revised)
Company Limited by Shares  

THE AMENDED AND RESTATED

ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION
 
OF

FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) Co., Ltd.
(Adopted by way of a special resolution passed on November 20, 2006)
 

 

INDEX

SUBJECT
 
Article No.
     
Table A
 
1
Interpretation
 
2
Share Capital
 
3
Alteration Of Capital
 
4-7
Share Rights
 
8-9
Variation Of Rights
 
10-11
Shares
 
12-15
Share Certificates
 
16-22
Lien
 
23-25
Calls On Shares
 
26-34
Forfeiture Of Shares
 
35-43
Register Of Members
 
44-45
Record Dates
 
46
Transfer Of Shares
 
47-52
Transmission Of Shares
 
53-55
Untraceable Members
 
56
General Meetings
 
57-59
Notice Of General Meetings
 
60-61
Proceedings At General Meetings
 
62-66
Voting
 
67-78
Proxies
 
79-84
Corporations Acting By Representatives
 
85
No Action By Written Resolutions Of Members
 
86
Board Of Directors
 
87
Retirement of Directors
 
88-89
Disqualification Of Directors
 
90
Executive Directors
 
91-92
Directors’ Fees And Expenses
 
93-94
Directors’ Interests
 
95-98
General Powers Of The Directors
 
99-104
Borrowing Powers
 
105-108
Proceedings Of The Directors
 
109-118
Audit Committee
 
119-121
Officers
 
122-125
Register of Directors and Officers
 
126
Minutes
 
127
Seal
 
128
Authentication Of Documents
 
129
Destruction Of Documents
 
130
Dividends And Other Payments
 
131-140
Reserves
 
141
Capitalisation
 
142-143
Subscription Rights Reserve
 
144
Accounting Records
 
145-149
Audit
 
150-155
Notices
 
156-158
Signatures
 
159
Winding Up
 
160-161
Indemnity
 
162
Amendment To Memorandum and Articles of Association
   
And Name of Company
 
163
Information
 
164
 

 

INTERPRETATION

TABLE A

1.     The regulations in Table A in the Schedule to the Companies Law (2004 Revision) do not apply to the Company.

INTERPRETATION

2.      (1)   In these Articles, unless the context otherwise requires, the words standing in the first column of the following table shall bear the meaning set opposite them respectively in the second column.

WORD
 
MEANING
     
"Audit Committee"
 
the audit committee of the Company formed by the Board pursuant to Article 120 hereof, or any successor audit committee.
     
“Auditor”
 
the independent auditor of the Company which shall be an internationally recognized firm of independent accountants.
     
“Articles”
 
these Articles in their present form or as supplemented or amended or substituted from time to time.
     
“Board” or “Directors”
 
the board of directors of the Company or the directors present at a meeting of directors of the Company at which a quorum is present.
     
“capital”
 
the share capital from time to time of the Company.
     
“clear days”
 
in relation to the period of a notice, that period excluding the day when the notice is given or deemed to be given and the day for which it is given or on which it is to take effect.
     
“clearing house”
 
a clearing house recognised by the laws of the jurisdiction in which the shares of the Company (or depositary receipts therefor) are listed or quoted on a stock exchange or interdealer quotation system in such jurisdiction.
     
“Company”
 
Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd.
     
“competent regulatory authority”
 
a competent regulatory authority in the territory where the shares of the Company (or depositary receipts therefor) are listed or quoted on a stock exchange or interdealer quotation system in such territory.
 
-1-


“debenture” and
 
include debenture stock and debenture stockholder
“debenture holder”
 
respectively.
     
“Designated Stock
 
the Global Market, the Global Select Market or
Exchange”
 
the Capital Market of The Nasdaq Stock Market, Inc., the American Stock Exchange, the New York Stock Exchange or the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board, provided, however, that until the Shares are listed on any such “Exchange” the rules of any such Designated Stock Exchange shall be inapplicable to these Articles of Association of the Company.
     
“dollars” and “$”
 
dollars, the legal currency of the United States of America.
     
“Exchange Act”
 
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
     
“head office”
 
such office of the Company as the Directors may from time to time determine to be the principal office of the Company.
     
“Law”
 
The Companies Law (2004 Revision) of the Cayman Islands.
     
“Member”
 
a duly registered holder from time to time of the shares in the capital of the Company.
     
“Memorandum of
 
the memorandum of association of the Company.
Association”
   
     
“month”
 
a calendar month.
     
“Notice”
 
written notice unless otherwise specifically stated and as further defined in these Articles.
     
“Office”
 
the registered office of the Company for the time being.
     
“ordinary resolution”
 
a resolution shall be an ordinary resolution when it has been passed by a simple majority of votes cast by such Members as, being entitled so to do, vote in person or, in the case of any Member being a corporation, by its duly authorised representative or, where proxies are allowed, by proxy at a general meeting of which not less than ten (10) clear days’ Notice has been duly given;
 
-2-

 
“paid up”
 
paid up or credited as paid up.
     
“Register”
 
the principal register and where applicable, any branch register of Members of the Company to be maintained at such place within or outside the Cayman Islands as the Board shall determine from time to time.
     
“Registration Office”
 
in respect of any class of share capital such place as the Board may from time to time determine to keep a branch register of Members in respect of that class of share capital and where (except in cases where the Board otherwise directs) the transfers or other documents of title for such class of share capital are to be lodged for registration and are to be registered.
     
“SEC”
 
the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
 
 
common seal or any one or more duplicate seals of the Company (including a securities seal) for use in the Cayman Islands or in any place outside the Cayman Islands.
     
“Secretary”
 
any person, firm or corporation appointed by the Board to perform any of the duties of secretary of the Company and includes any assistant, deputy, temporary or acting secretary.
     
“special resolution”
 
a resolution shall be a special resolution when it has been passed by a majority of not less than two-thirds of votes cast by such Members as, being entitled so to do, vote in person or, in the case of such Members as are corporations, by their respective duly authorised representative or, where proxies are allowed, by proxy at a general meeting of which not less than ten (10) clear days’ Notice, specifying (without prejudice to the power contained in these Articles to amend the same) the intention to propose the resolution as a special resolution, has been duly given. Provided that, except in the case of an annual general meeting, if it is so agreed by a majority in number of the Members having the right to attend and vote at any such meeting, being a majority together holding not less than ninety-five (95) per cent. in nominal value of the shares giving that right and in the case of an annual general meeting, if it is so agreed by all Members entitled to attend and vote thereat, a resolution may be proposed and passed as a special resolution at a meeting of which less than ten (10) clear days’ Notice has been given;
     
   
a special resolution shall be effective for any purpose for which an ordinary resolution is expressed to be required under any provision of these Articles or the Statutes.
     
“Statutes”
 
the Law and every other law of the legislature of the Cayman Islands for the time being in force applying to or affecting the Company, its Memorandum of Association and/or the Articles.
     
“year”
 
a calendar year.
 
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(2)   In these Articles, unless there be something within the subject or context inconsistent with such construction:

 
(a)
words importing the singular include the plural and vice versa;

 
(b)
words importing a gender include both genders and the neuter;

 
(c)
words importing persons include companies, associations and bodies of persons whether corporate or not;

(d)   the words:

 
(i)
“may” shall be construed as permissive;

 
(ii)
“shall” or “will” shall be construed as imperative;

 
(e)
expressions referring to writing shall, unless the contrary intention appears, be construed as including printing, lithography, photography and other modes of representing words or figures in a visible form, and including where the representation takes the form of electronic display, provided that both the mode of service of the relevant document or notice and the Member’s election comply with all applicable Statutes, rules and regulations;

 
(f)
references to any law, ordinance, statute or statutory provision shall be interpreted as relating to any statutory modification or re-enactment thereof for the time being in force;

 
(g)
save as aforesaid words and expressions defined in the Statutes shall bear the same meanings in these Articles if not inconsistent with the subject in the context;

 
(h)
references to a document being executed include references to it being executed under hand or under seal or by electronic signature or by any other method and references to a notice or document include a notice or document recorded or stored in any digital, electronic, electrical, magnetic or other retrievable form or medium and information in visible form whether having physical substance or not.
 
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SHARE CAPITAL

3.              (1)   The share capital of the Company at the date on which these Articles come into effect shall be divided into ordinary shares of a par value of $1.00 each.

(2)   Subject to the Law, the Memorandum of Association and the Articles and, where applicable, the rules of the Designated Stock Exchange and/or any competent regulatory authority, any power of the Company to purchase or otherwise acquire its own shares shall be exercisable by the Board in such manner, upon such terms and subject to such conditions as it thinks fit.

(3)   No share shall be issued to bearer.
 
ALTERATION OF CAPITAL

4.     The Company may from time to time by ordinary resolution in accordance with the Law alter the conditions of Memorandum of Association to:

 
(a)
increase its capital by such sum, to be divided into shares of such amounts, as the resolution shall prescribe;

 
(b)
consolidate and divide all or any of its capital into shares of larger amount than its existing shares;

 
(c)
without prejudice to the powers of the Board under Article 12, divide its shares into several classes and without prejudice to any special rights previously conferred on the holders of existing shares attach thereto respectively any preferential, deferred, qualified or special rights, privileges, conditions or such restrictions which in the absence of any such determination by the Company in general meeting, as the Directors may determine provided always that, for the avoidance of doubt, where a class of shares has been authorized by the Company no resolution of the Company in general meeting is required for the issuance of shares of that class and the Directors may issue shares of that class and determine such rights, privileges, conditions or restrictions attaching thereto as aforesaid, and further provided that where the Company issues shares which do not carry voting rights, the words “non-voting” shall appear in the designation of such shares and where the equity capital includes shares with different voting rights, the designation of each class of shares, other than those with the most favourable voting rights, must include the words “restricted voting” or “limited voting”;
 
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(d)
sub-divide its shares, or any of them, into shares of smaller amount than is fixed by the Memorandum of Association (subject, nevertheless, to the Law), and may by such resolution determine that, as between the holders of the shares resulting from such sub-division, one or more of the shares may have any such preferred, deferred or other rights or be subject to any such restrictions as compared with the other or others as the Company has power to attach to unissued or new shares;

 
(e)
cancel any shares which, at the date of the passing of the resolution, have not been taken, or agreed to be taken, by any person, and diminish the amount of its capital by the amount of the shares so cancelled or, in the case of shares, without par value, diminish the number of shares into which its capital is divided.

5.     The Board may settle as it considers expedient any difficulty which arises in relation to any consolidation and division under the last preceding Article and in particular but without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing may issue certificates in respect of fractions of shares or arrange for the sale of the shares representing fractions and the distribution of the net proceeds of sale (after deduction of the expenses of such sale) in due proportion amongst the Members who would have been entitled to the fractions, and for this purpose the Board may authorise some person to transfer the shares representing fractions to their purchaser or resolve that such net proceeds be paid to the Company for the Company’s benefit. Such purchaser will not be bound to see to the application of the purchase money nor will his title to the shares be affected by any irregularity or invalidity in the proceedings relating to the sale.

6.     The Company may from time to time by special resolution, subject to any confirmation or consent required by the Law, reduce its share capital or any capital redemption reserve or other undistributable reserve in any manner permitted by law.

7.     Except so far as otherwise provided by the conditions of issue, or by these Articles, any capital raised by the creation of new shares shall be treated as if it formed part of the original capital of the Company, and such shares shall be subject to the provisions contained in these Articles with reference to the payment of calls and instalments, transfer and transmission, forfeiture, lien, cancellation, surrender, voting and otherwise.


SHARE RIGHTS

8.     Subject to the provisions of the Law, the rules of the Designated Stock Exchange and the Memorandum of Association and Articles and to any special rights conferred on the holders of any shares or class of shares, and without prejudice to Article 12 hereof, any share in the Company (whether forming part of the present capital or not) may be issued with or have attached thereto such rights or restrictions whether in regard to dividend, voting, return of capital or otherwise as the Board may determine, including without limitation on terms that they may be, or at the option of the Company or the holder are, liable to be redeemed on such terms and in such manner, including out of capital, as the Board may deem fit.

9.     Subject to the Law, any preferred shares may be issued or converted into shares that, at a determinable date or at the option of the Company or the holder if so authorised by the Memorandum of Association, are liable to be redeemed on such terms and in such manner as the Company before the issue or conversion may by ordinary resolution of the Members determine. Where the Company purchases for redemption a redeemable share, purchases not made through the market or by tender shall be limited to a maximum price as may from time to time be determined by the [Board], either generally or with regard to specific purchases. If purchases are by tender, tenders shall comply with applicable laws.
 
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VARIATION OF RIGHTS

10.     Subject to the Law and without prejudice to Article 8, all or any of the special rights for the time being attached to the shares or any class of shares may, unless otherwise provided by the terms of issue of the shares of that class, from time to time (whether or not the Company is being wound up) be varied, modified or abrogated with the sanction of a special resolution passed at a separate general meeting of the holders of the shares of that class. To every such separate general meeting all the provisions of these Articles relating to general meetings of the Company shall, mutatis mutandis, apply, but so that:

 
(a)
the necessary quorum (whether at a separate general meeting or at its adjourned meeting) shall be a person or persons (or in the case of a Member being a corporation, its duly authorized representative) together holding or representing by proxy not less than one-third in nominal value of the issued shares of that class;

 
(b)
every holder of shares of the class shall be entitled on a poll to one vote for every such share held by him; and

 
(c)
any holder of shares of the class present in person or by proxy or authorised representative may demand a poll.

11.     The special rights conferred upon the holders of any shares or class of shares shall not, unless otherwise expressly provided in the rights attaching to or the terms of issue of such shares, be deemed to be varied, modified or abrogated by the creation or issue of further shares ranking pari passu therewith.

SHARES

12.   (1)   Subject to the Law, these Articles and, where applicable, the rules of the Designated Stock Exchange and without prejudice to any special rights or restrictions for the time being attached to any shares or any class of shares, the unissued shares of the Company (whether forming part of the original or any increased capital) shall be at the disposal of the Board, which may offer, allot, grant options over or otherwise dispose of them to such persons, at such times and for such consideration and upon such terms and conditions as the Board may in its absolute discretion determine but so that no shares shall be issued at a discount to their par value. In particular and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing, t he Board is hereby empowered to authorize by resolution or resolutions from time to time the issuance of one or more classes or series of preferred shares and to fix the designations, powers, preferences and relative, participating, optional and other rights, if any, and the qualifications, limitations and restrictions thereof, if any, including, without limitation, the number of shares constituting each such class or series, dividend rights, conversion rights, redemption privileges, voting powers, full or limited or no voting powers, and liquidation preferences, and to increase or decrease the size of any such class or series (but not below the number of shares of any class or series of preferred shares then outstanding) to the extent permitted by Law. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the resolution or resolutions providing for the establishment of any class or series of preferred shares may, to the extent permitted by law, provide that such class or series shall be superior to, rank equally with or be junior to the preferred shares of any other class or series.
 
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(2)   Neither the Company nor the Board shall be obliged, when making or granting any allotment of, offer of, option over or disposal of shares, to make, or make available, any such allotment, offer, option or shares to Members or others with registered addresses in any particular territory or territories being a territory or territories where, in the absence of a registration statement or other special formalities, this would or might, in the opinion of the Board, be unlawful or impracticable. Members affected as a result of the foregoing sentence shall not be, or be deemed to be, a separate class of members for any purpose whatsoever. Except as otherwise expressly provided in the resolution or resolutions providing for the establishment of any class or series of preferred shares, no vote of the holders of preferred shares of or ordinary shares shall be a prerequisite to the issuance of any shares of any class or series of the preferred shares authorized by and complying with the conditions of the Memorandum of Association and Articles.

(3)   The Board may issue options, warrants or convertible securities or securities of similar nature conferring the right upon the holders thereof to subscribe for, purchase or receive any class of shares or securities in the capital of the Company on such terms as it may from time to time determine.

(4)   In order to comply with the rules and regulations of the Designated Stock Exchange, and subject to the Law, the Company is authorized to issue shares electronically, in an uncertificated form, and permit the electronic transfer of shares and permit the electronic direct registration of securities in the name of any Member on the register of members of the Company which may be kept by is authorized agent.

13.     The Company may in connection with the issue of any shares exercise all powers of paying commission and brokerage conferred or permitted by the Law. Subject to the Law, the commission may be satisfied by the payment of cash or by the allotment of fully or partly paid shares or other securities or partly in one and partly in the other.

14.     Except as required by law, no person shall be recognised by the Company as holding any share upon any trust and the Company shall not be bound by or required in any way to recognise (even when having notice thereof) any equitable, contingent, future or partial interest in any share or any fractional part of a share or (except only as otherwise provided by these Articles or by law) any other rights in respect of any share except an absolute right to the entirety thereof in the registered holder.
 
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15.     Subject to the Law and these Articles, the Board may at any time after the allotment of shares but before any person has been entered in the Register as the holder, recognise a renunciation thereof by the allottee in favour of some other person and may accord to any allottee of a share a right to effect such renunciation upon and subject to such terms and conditions as the Board considers fit to impose.
 
SHARE CERTIFICATES

16.     Every share certificate shall be issued under the Seal or a facsimile thereof and shall specify the number and class and distinguishing numbers (if any) of the shares to which it relates, and the amount paid up thereon and may otherwise be in such form as the Directors may from time to time determine. No certificate shall be issued representing shares of more than one class. The Board may by resolution determine, either generally or in any particular case or cases, that any signatures on any such certificates (or certificates in respect of other securities) need not be autographic but may be affixed to such certificates by some mechanical means or may be printed thereon.

17.           (1)   In the case of a share held jointly by several persons, the Company shall not be bound to issue more than one certificate therefor and delivery of a certificate to one of several joint holders shall be sufficient delivery to all such holders.

(2)   Where a share stands in the names of two or more persons, the person first named in the Register shall as regards service of notices and, subject to the provisions of these Articles, all or any other matters connected with the Company, except the transfer of the shares, be deemed the sole holder thereof.

18.     Every person whose name is entered, upon an allotment of shares, as a Member in the Register shall be entitled, without payment, to receive one certificate for all such shares of any one class or several certificates each for one or more of such shares of such class.

19.     Every person whose name is entered, upon an allotment of shares, as a Member in the Register shall be entitled, without payment, to receive one certificate for all such shares of any one class or several certificates each for one or more of such shares of such class upon payment for every certificate after the first of such reasonable out-of-pocket expenses as the Board from time to time determines.

20.     Share certificates shall be issued within the relevant time limit as prescribed by the Law or as the Designated Stock Exchange may from time to time determine, whichever is the shorter, after allotment or, except in the case of a transfer which the Company is for the time being entitled to refuse to register and does not register, after lodgment of a transfer with the Company.

21.        (1)   Upon every transfer of shares the certificate held by the transferor shall be given up to be cancelled, and shall forthwith be cancelled accordingly, and a new certificate shall be issued to the transferee in respect of the shares transferred to him at such fee as is provided in paragraph (2) of this Article. If any of the shares included in the certificate so given up shall be retained by the transferor a new certificate for the balance shall be issued to him at the aforesaid fee payable by the transferor to the Company in respect thereof.
 
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(2)   The fee referred to in paragraph (1) above shall be an amount not exceeding the relevant maximum amount as the Designated Stock Exchange may from time to time determine provided that the Board may at any time determine a lower amount for such fee.

22.     If a share certificate shall be damaged or defaced or alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed a new certificate representing the same shares may be issued to the relevant Member upon request and on payment of such fee as the Company may determine and, subject to compliance with such terms (if any) as to evidence and indemnity and to payment of the costs and reasonable out-of-pocket expenses of the Company in investigating such evidence and preparing such indemnity as the Board may think fit and, in case of damage or defacement, on delivery of the old certificate to the Company provided always that where share warrants have been issued, no new share warrant shall be issued to replace one that has been lost unless the Board has determined that the original has been destroyed.

LIEN

23.     The Company shall have a first and paramount lien on every share (not being a fully paid share) for all moneys (whether presently payable or not) called or payable at a fixed time in respect of that share. The Company shall also have a first and paramount lien on every share (not being a fully paid share) registered in the name of a Member (whether or not jointly with other Members) for all amounts of money presently payable by such Member or his estate to the Company whether the same shall have been incurred before or after notice to the Company of any equitable or other interest of any person other than such member, and whether the period for the payment or discharge of the same shall have actually arrived or not, and notwithstanding that the same are joint debts or liabilities of such Member or his estate and any other person, whether a Member of the Company or not. The Company’s lien on a share shall extend to all dividends or other moneys payable thereon or in respect thereof. The Board may at any time, generally or in any particular case, waive any lien that has arisen or declare any share exempt in whole or in part, from the provisions of this Article.

24.     Subject to these Articles, the Company may sell in such manner as the Board determines any share on which the Company has a lien, but no sale shall be made unless some sum in respect of which the lien exists is presently payable, or the liability or engagement in respect of which such lien exists is liable to be presently fulfilled or discharged nor until the expiration of fourteen (14) clear days after a notice in writing, stating and demanding payment of the sum presently payable, or specifying the liability or engagement and demanding fulfilment or discharge thereof and giving notice of the intention to sell in default, has been served on the registered holder for the time being of the share or the person entitled thereto by reason of his death or bankruptcy.

25.     The net proceeds of the sale shall be received by the Company and applied in or towards payment or discharge of the debt or liability in respect of which the lien exists, so far as the same is presently payable, and any residue shall (subject to a like lien for debts or liabilities not presently payable as existed upon the share prior to the sale) be paid to the person entitled to the share at the time of the sale. To give effect to any such sale the Board may authorise some person to transfer the shares sold to the purchaser thereof. The purchaser shall be registered as the holder of the shares so transferred and he shall not be bound to see to the application of the purchase money, nor shall his title to the shares be affected by any irregularity or invalidity in the proceedings relating to the sale.
 
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CALLS ON SHARES

26.     Subject to these Articles and to the terms of allotment, the Board may from time to time make calls upon the Members in respect of any moneys unpaid on their shares (whether on account of the nominal value of the shares or by way of premium), and each Member shall (subject to being given at least fourteen (14) clear days’ Notice specifying the time and place of payment) pay to the Company as required by such notice the amount called on his shares. A call may be extended, postponed or revoked in whole or in part as the Board determines but no member shall be entitled to any such extension, postponement or revocation except as a matter of grace and favour.

27.     A call shall be deemed to have been made at the time when the resolution of the Board authorising the call was passed and may be made payable either in one lump sum or by instalments.

28.     A person upon whom a call is made shall remain liable for calls made upon him notwithstanding the subsequent transfer of the shares in respect of which the call was made. The joint holders of a share shall be jointly and severally liable to pay all calls and instalments due in respect thereof or other moneys due in respect thereof.

29.     If a sum called in respect of a share is not paid before or on the day appointed for payment thereof, the person from whom the sum is due shall pay interest on the amount unpaid from the day appointed for payment thereof to the time of actual payment at such rate (not exceeding twenty per cent. (20%) per annum) as the Board may determine, but the Board may in its absolute discretion waive payment of such interest wholly or in part.

30.     No Member shall be entitled to receive any dividend or bonus or to be present and vote (save as proxy for another Member) at any general meeting either personally or by proxy, or be reckoned in a quorum, or exercise any other privilege as a Member until all calls or instalments due by him to the Company, whether alone or jointly with any other person, together with interest and expenses (if any) shall have been paid.
 
31.     On the trial or hearing of any action or other proceedings for the recovery of any money due for any call, it shall be sufficient to prove that the name of the Member sued is entered in the Register as the holder, or one of the holders, of the shares in respect of which such debt accrued, that the resolution making the call is duly recorded in the minute book, and that notice of such call was duly given to the Member sued, in pursuance of these Articles; and it shall not be necessary to prove the appointment of the Directors who made such call, nor any other matters whatsoever, but the proof of the matters aforesaid shall be conclusive evidence of the debt.
 
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32.     Any amount payable in respect of a share upon allotment or at any fixed date, whether in respect of nominal value or premium or as an instalment of a call, shall be deemed to be a call duly made and payable on the date fixed for payment and if it is not paid the provisions of these Articles shall apply as if that amount had become due and payable by virtue of a call duly made and notified.

33.     On the issue of shares the Board may differentiate between the allottees or holders as to the amount of calls to be paid and the times of payment.

34.     The Board may, if it thinks fit, receive from any Member willing to advance the same, and either in money or money’s worth, all or any part of the moneys uncalled and unpaid or instalments payable upon any shares held by him and upon all or any of the moneys so advanced (until the same would, but for such advance, become presently payable) pay interest at such rate (if any) as the Board may decide. The Board may at any time repay the amount so advanced upon giving to such Member not less than one month’s Notice of its intention in that behalf, unless before the expiration of such notice the amount so advanced shall have been called up on the shares in respect of which it was advanced. Such payment in advance shall not entitle the holder of such share or shares to participate in respect thereof in a dividend subsequently declared.

FORFEITURE OF SHARES

35.           (1)   If a call remains unpaid after it has become due and payable the Board may give to the person from whom it is due not less than fourteen (14) clear days’ Notice:

 
(a)
requiring payment of the amount unpaid together with any interest which may have accrued and which may still accrue up to the date of actual payment; and

 
(b)
stating that if the Notice is not complied with the shares on which the call was made will be liable to be forfeited.

(2)   If the requirements of any such Notice are not complied with, any share in respect of which such Notice has been given may at any time thereafter, before payment of all calls and interest due in respect thereof has been made, be forfeited by a resolution of the Board to that effect, and such forfeiture shall include all dividends and bonuses declared in respect of the forfeited share but not actually paid before the forfeiture.
 
36.     When any share has been forfeited, notice of the forfeiture shall be served upon the person who was before forfeiture the holder of the share. No forfeiture shall be invalidated by any omission or neglect to give such Notice.

37.     The Board may accept the surrender of any share liable to be forfeited hereunder and, in such case, references in these Articles to forfeiture will include surrender.

38.     Any share so forfeited shall be deemed the property of the Company and may be sold, re-allotted or otherwise disposed of to such person, upon such terms and in such manner as the Board determines, and at any time before a sale, re-allotment or disposition the forfeiture may be annulled by the Board on such terms as the Board determines.
 
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39.     A person whose shares have been forfeited shall cease to be a Member in respect of the forfeited shares but nevertheless shall remain liable to pay the Company all moneys which at the date of forfeiture were presently payable by him to the Company in respect of the shares, with (if the Directors shall in their discretion so require) interest thereon from the date of forfeiture until payment at such rate (not exceeding twenty per cent. (20%) per annum) as the Board determines. The Board may enforce payment thereof if it thinks fit, and without any deduction or allowance for the value of the forfeited shares, at the date of forfeiture, but his liability shall cease if and when the Company shall have received payment in full of all such moneys in respect of the shares. For the purposes of this Article any sum which, by the terms of issue of a share, is payable thereon at a fixed time which is subsequent to the date of forfeiture, whether on account of the nominal value of the share or by way of premium, shall notwithstanding that time has not yet arrived be deemed to be payable at the date of forfeiture, and the same shall become due and payable immediately upon the forfeiture, but interest thereon shall only be payable in respect of any period between the said fixed time and the date of actual payment.

40.     A declaration by a Director or the Secretary that a share has been forfeited on a specified date shall be conclusive evidence of the facts therein stated as against all persons claiming to be entitled to the share, and such declaration shall (subject to the execution of an instrument of transfer by the Company if necessary) constitute a good title to the share, and the person to whom the share is disposed of shall be registered as the holder of the share and shall not be bound to see to the application of the consideration (if any), nor shall his title to the share be affected by any irregularity in or invalidity of the proceedings in reference to the forfeiture, sale or disposal of the share. When any share shall have been forfeited, notice of the declaration shall be given to the Member in whose name it stood immediately prior to the forfeiture, and an entry of the forfeiture, with the date thereof, shall forthwith be made in the register, but no forfeiture shall be in any manner invalidated by any omission or neglect to give such notice or make any such entry.

41.     Notwithstanding any such forfeiture as aforesaid the Board may at any time, before any shares so forfeited shall have been sold, re-allotted or otherwise disposed of, permit the shares forfeited to be bought back upon the terms of payment of all calls and interest due upon and expenses incurred in respect of the share, and upon such further terms (if any) as it thinks fit.

42.     The forfeiture of a share shall not prejudice the right of the Company to any call already made or instalment payable thereon.

43.     The provisions of these Articles as to forfeiture shall apply in the case of non-payment of any sum which, by the terms of issue of a share, becomes payable at a fixed time, whether on account of the nominal value of the share or by way of premium, as if the same had been payable by virtue of a call duly made and notified.

REGISTER OF MEMBERS
 
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44.           (1)   The Company shall keep in one or more books a Register of its Members and shall enter therein the following particulars, that is to say:

 
(a)
the name and address of each Member, the number and class of shares held by him and the amount paid or agreed to be considered as paid on such shares;

 
(b)
the date on which each person was entered in the Register; and

 
(c)
the date on which any person ceased to be a Member.

(2)   The Company may keep an overseas or local or other branch register of Members resident in any place, and the Board may make and vary such regulations as it determines in respect of the keeping of any such register and maintaining a Registration Office in connection therewith.

45.     The Register and branch register of Members, as the case may be, shall be open to inspection for such times and on such days as the Board shall determine by Members without charge or by any other person, upon a maximum payment of $2.50 or such other sum specified by the Board, at the Office or such other place at which the Register is kept in accordance with the Law or, if appropriate, upon a maximum payment of $1.00 or such other sum specified by the Board at the Registration Office. The Register including any overseas or local or other branch register of Members may, after notice has been given by advertisement in an appointed newspaper or any other newspapers in accordance with the requirements of the Designated Stock Exchange or by any electronic means in such manner as may be accepted by the Designated Stock Exchange to that effect, be closed at such times or for such periods not exceeding in the whole thirty (30) days in each year as the Board may determine and either generally or in respect of any class of shares.
 
RECORD DATES

46.     For the purpose of determining the Members entitled to notice of or to vote at any general meeting, or any adjournment thereof, or entitled to express consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of shares or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board may fix, in advance, a date as the record date for any such determination of Members, which date shall not be more than sixty (60) days nor less than ten (10) days before the date of such meeting, nor more than sixty (60) days prior to any other such action.

If the Board does not fix a record date for any general meeting, the record date for determining the Members entitled to a notice of or to vote at such meeting shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if in accordance with these Articles notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held. If corporate action without a general meeting is to be taken, the record date for determining the Members entitled to express consent to such corporate action in writing, when no prior action by the Board is necessary, shall be the first date on which a signed written consent setting forth the action taken or proposed to be taken is delivered to the Company by delivery to its head office. The record date for determining the Members for any other purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board adopts the resolution relating thereto.
 
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A determination of the Members of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of the Members shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.

TRANSFER OF SHARES

47.     Subject to these Articles, any Member may transfer all or any of his shares by an instrument of transfer in the usual or common form or in a form prescribed by the Designated Stock Exchange or in any other form approved by the Board and may be under hand or, if the transferor or transferee is a clearing house or its nominee(s), by hand or by machine imprinted signature or by such other manner of execution as the Board may approve from time to time.

48.     The instrument of transfer shall be executed by or on behalf of the transferor and the transferee provided that the Board may dispense with the execution of the instrument of transfer by the transferee in any case which it thinks fit in its discretion to do so. Without prejudice to the last preceding Article, the Board may also resolve, either generally or in any particular case, upon request by either the transferor or transferee, to accept mechanically executed transfers. The transferor shall be deemed to remain the holder of the share until the name of the transferee is entered in the Register in respect thereof. Nothing in these Articles shall preclude the Board from recognising a renunciation of the allotment or provisional allotment of any share by the allottee in favour of some other person.

49.             (1)   The Board may, in its absolute discretion, and without giving any reason therefor, refuse to register a transfer of any share (not being a fully paid up share) to a person of whom it does not approve, or any share issued under any share incentive scheme for employees upon which a restriction on transfer imposed thereby still subsists, and it may also, without prejudice to the foregoing generality, refuse to register a transfer of any share to more than four joint holders or a transfer of any share (not being a fully paid up share) on which the Company has a lien.

(2)   The Board in so far as permitted by any applicable law may, in its absolute discretion, at any time and from time to time transfer any share upon the Register to any branch register or any share on any branch register to the Register or any other branch register. In the event of any such transfer, the shareholder requesting such transfer shall bear the cost of effecting the transfer unless the Board otherwise determines.

(3)   Unless the Board otherwise agrees (which agreement may be on such terms and subject to such conditions as the Board in its absolute discretion may from time to time determine, and which agreement the Board shall, without giving any reason therefor, be entitled in its absolute discretion to give or withhold), no shares upon the Register shall be transferred to any branch register nor shall shares on any branch register be transferred to the Register or any other branch register and all transfers and other documents of title shall be lodged for registration, and registered, in the case of any shares on a branch register, at the relevant Registration Office, and, in the case of any shares on the Register, at the Office or such other place at which the Register is kept in accordance with the Law.
 
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50.     Without limiting the generality of the last preceding Article, the Board may decline to recognise any instrument of transfer unless:-

 
(a)
a fee of such maximum sum as the Designated Stock Exchange may determine to be payable or such lesser sum as the Board may from time to time require is paid to the Company in respect thereof;

 
(b)
the instrument of transfer is in respect of only one class of share;

 
(c)
the instrument of transfer is lodged at the Office or such other place at which the Register is kept in accordance with the Law or the Registration Office (as the case may be) accompanied by the relevant share certificate(s) and such other evidence as the Board may reasonably require to show the right of the transferor to make the transfer (and, if the instrument of transfer is executed by some other person on his behalf, the authority of that person so to do); and

 
(d)
if applicable, the instrument of transfer is duly and properly stamped.

51.     If the Board refuses to register a transfer of any share, it shall, within two months after the date on which the transfer was lodged with the Company, send to each of the transferor and transferee notice of the refusal.

52.     The registration of transfers of shares or of any class of shares may, after notice has been given by advertisement in an appointed newspaper or any other newspapers or by any other means in accordance with the requirements of the Designated Stock Exchange to that effect be suspended at such times and for such periods (not exceeding in the whole thirty (30) days in any year) as the Board may determine.

TRANSMISSION OF SHARES

53.     If a Member dies, the survivor or survivors where the deceased was a joint holder, and his legal personal representatives where he was a sole or only surviving holder, will be the only persons recognised by the Company as having any title to his interest in the shares; but nothing in this Article will release the estate of a deceased Member (whether sole or joint) from any liability in respect of any share which had been solely or jointly held by him.

54.     Any person becoming entitled to a share in consequence of the death or bankruptcy or winding-up of a Member may, upon such evidence as to his title being produced as may be required by the Board, elect either to become the holder of the share or to have some person nominated by him registered as the transferee thereof. If he elects to become the holder he shall notify the Company in writing either at the Registration Office or Office, as the case may be, to that effect. If he elects to have another person registered he shall execute a transfer of the share in favour of that person. The provisions of these Articles relating to the transfer and registration of transfers of shares shall apply to such notice or transfer as aforesaid as if the death or bankruptcy of the Member had not occurred and the notice or transfer were a transfer signed by such Member.
 
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55.     A person becoming entitled to a share by reason of the death or bankruptcy or winding-up of a Member shall be entitled to the same dividends and other advantages to which he would be entitled if he were the registered holder of the share. However, the Board may, if it thinks fit, withhold the payment of any dividend payable or other advantages in respect of such share until such person shall become the registered holder of the share or shall have effectually transferred such share, but, subject to the requirements of Article 76(2) being met, such a person may vote at meetings.
 
UNTRACEABLE MEMBERS

56.            (1)   Without prejudice to the rights of the Company under paragraph (2) of this Article, the Company may cease sending cheques for dividend entitlements or dividend warrants by post if such cheques or warrants have been left uncashed on two consecutive occasions. However, the Company may exercise the power to cease sending cheques for dividend entitlements or dividend warrants after the first occasion on which such a cheque or warrant is returned undelivered.

(2)   The Company shall have the power to sell, in such manner as the Board thinks fit, any shares of a Member who is untraceable, but no such sale shall be made unless:

 
(a)
all cheques or warrants in respect of dividends of the shares in question, being not less than three in total number, for any sum payable in cash to the holder of such shares in respect of them sent during the relevant period in the manner authorised by the Articles of the Company have remained uncashed;

 
(b)
so far as it is aware at the end of the relevant period, the Company has not at any time during the relevant period received any indication of the existence of the Member who is the holder of such shares or of a person entitled to such shares by death, bankruptcy or operation of law; and

 
(c)
the Company, if so required by the rules governing the listing of shares on the Designated Stock Exchange, has given notice to, and caused advertisement in newspapers to be made in accordance with the requirements of, the Designated Stock Exchange of its intention to sell such shares in the manner required by the Designated Stock Exchange, and a period of three months or such shorter period as may be allowed by the Designated Stock Exchange has elapsed since the date of such advertisement.

For the purpose of the foregoing, the “relevant period” means the period commencing twelve (12) years before the date of publication of the advertisement referred to in paragraph (c) of this Article and ending at the expiry of the period referred to in that paragraph.
 
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(3)   To give effect to any such sale the Board may authorise some person to transfer the said shares and an instrument of transfer signed or otherwise executed by or on behalf of such person shall be as effective as if it had been executed by the registered holder or the person entitled by transmission to such shares, and the purchaser shall not be bound to see to the application of the purchase money nor shall his title to the shares be affected by any irregularity or invalidity in the proceedings relating to the sale. The net proceeds of the sale will belong to the Company and upon receipt by the Company of such net proceeds it shall become indebted to the former Member for an amount equal to such net proceeds. No trust shall be created in respect of such debt and no interest shall be payable in respect of it and the Company shall not be required to account for any money earned from the net proceeds which may be employed in the business of the Company or as it thinks fit. Any sale under this Article shall be valid and effective notwithstanding that the Member holding the shares sold is dead, bankrupt or otherwise under any legal disability or incapacity.
 
GENERAL MEETINGS

57.     An annual general meeting of the Company shall be held in each year other than the year of the Company’s incorporation at such time and place as may be determined by the Board.

58.     Each general meeting, other than an annual general meeting, shall be called an extraordinary general meeting. General meetings may be held at such times and in any location in the world as may be determined by the Board.

59.     Only a majority of the Board or the Chairman of the Board may call extraordinary general meetings, which extraordinary general meetings shall be held at such times and locations (as permitted hereby) as such person or persons shall determine.

NOTICE OF GENERAL MEETINGS

60.            (1)   An annual general meeting and any extraordinary general meeting may be called by not less than ten (10) clear days’ Notice but a general meeting may be called by shorter notice, subject to the Law, if it is so agreed:

 
(a)
in the case of a meeting called as an annual general meeting, by all the Members entitled to attend and vote thereat; and

 
(b)
in the case of any other meeting, by a majority in number of the Members having the right to attend and vote at the meeting, being a majority together holding not less than ninety-five per cent. (95%) in nominal value of the issued shares giving that right.

(2)   The notice shall specify the time and place of the meeting and, in case of special business, the general nature of the business. The notice convening an annual general meeting shall specify the meeting as such. Notice of every general meeting shall be given to all Members other than to such Members as, under the provisions of these Articles or the terms of issue of the shares they hold, are not entitled to receive such notices from the Company, to all persons entitled to a share in consequence of the death or bankruptcy or winding-up of a Member and to each of the Directors and the Auditors.
 
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61.     The accidental omission to give Notice of a meeting or (in cases where instruments of proxy are sent out with the Notice) to send such instrument of proxy to, or the non-receipt of such Notice or such instrument of proxy by, any person entitled to receive such Notice shall not invalidate any resolution passed or the proceedings at that meeting.
 
PROCEEDINGS AT GENERAL MEETINGS

62.            (1)   All business shall be deemed special that is transacted at an extraordinary general meeting, and also all business that is transacted at an annual general meeting, with the exception of:

 
(a)
the declaration and sanctioning of dividends;

 
(b)
consideration and adoption of the accounts and balance sheet and the reports of the Directors and Auditors and other documents required to be annexed to the balance sheet;

 
(c)
the election of Directors;

 
(d)
appointment of Auditors (where special notice of the intention for such appointment is not required by the Law) and other officers;

 
(e)
the fixing of the remuneration of the Auditors, and the voting of remuneration or extra remuneration to the Directors;

 
(f)
the granting of any mandate or authority to the Directors to offer, allot, grant options over or otherwise dispose of the unissued shares in the capital of the Company representing not more than 20 per cent. (20%) in nominal value of its existing issued share capital; and

 
(g)
the granting of any mandate or authority to the Directors to repurchase securities of the Company.

(2)   No business other than the appointment of a chairman of a meeting shall be transacted at any general meeting unless a quorum is present at the commencement of the business. At any general meeting of the Company, two (2) Members entitled to vote and present in person or by proxy or (in the case of a Member being a corporation) by its duly authorised representative representing not less than thirty three and one third (33 1/3) percent of the total outstanding voting shares in the Company throughout the meeting shall form a quorum for all purposes.

63.     If within thirty (30) minutes (or such longer time not exceeding one hour as the chairman of the meeting may determine to wait) after the time appointed for the meeting a quorum is not present, the meeting shall stand adjourned to the same day in the next week at the same time and place or to such time and place as the Board may determine. If at such adjourned meeting a quorum is not present within half an hour from the time appointed for holding the meeting, the meeting shall be dissolved.
 
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64.     The chairman of the Company shall preside as chairman at every general meeting. If at any meeting the chairman is not present within fifteen (15) minutes after the time appointed for holding the meeting, or is not willing to act as chairman, the Directors present shall choose one of their number to act, or if one Director only is present he shall preside as chairman if willing to act. If no Director is present, or if each of the Directors present declines to take the chair, or if the chairman chosen shall retire from the chair, the Members present in person or by proxy and entitled to vote shall elect one of their number to be chairman.

65.     The chairman may adjourn the meeting from time to time and from place to place, but no business shall be transacted at any adjourned meeting other than the business which might lawfully have been transacted at the meeting had the adjournment not taken place. When a meeting is adjourned for fourteen (14) days or more, at least seven (7) clear days’ notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given specifying the time and place of the adjourned meeting but it shall not be necessary to specify in such notice the nature of the business to be transacted at the adjourned meeting and the general nature of the business to be transacted. Save as aforesaid, it shall be unnecessary to give notice of an adjournment.

66.     If an amendment is proposed to any resolution under consideration but is in good faith ruled out of order by the chairman of the meeting, the proceedings on the substantive resolution shall not be invalidated by any error in such ruling. In the case of a resolution duly proposed as a special resolution, no amendment thereto (other than a mere clerical amendment to correct a patent error) may in any event be considered or voted upon.
 
VOTING

67.     Subject to any special rights or restrictions as to voting for the time being attached to any shares by or in accordance with these Articles, at any general meeting on a show of hands every Member present in person (or being a corporation, is present by a duly authorised representative), or by proxy shall have one vote and on a poll every Member present in person or by proxy or, in the case of a Member being a corporation, by its duly authorised representative shall have one vote for every fully paid share of which he is the holder but so that no amount paid up or credited as paid up on a share in advance of calls or instalments is treated for the foregoing purposes as paid up on the share. Notwithstanding anything contained in these Articles, where more than one proxy is appointed by a Member which is a clearing house (or its nominee(s)), each such proxy shall have one vote on a show of hands. A resolution put to the vote of a meeting shall be decided on a show of hands unless (before or on the declaration of the result of the show of hands or on the withdrawal of any other demand for a poll) a poll is demanded:

 
(a)
by the chairman of such meeting; or
 
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(b)
by at least three Members present in person or in the case of a Member being a corporation by its duly authorised representative or by proxy for the time being entitled to vote at the meeting; or

 
(c)
by a Member or Members present in person or in the case of a Member being a corporation by its duly authorised representative or by proxy and representing not less than one-tenth of the total voting rights of all Members having the right to vote at the meeting; or

 
(d)
by a Member or Members present in person or in the case of a Member being a corporation by its duly authorised representative or by proxy and holding shares in the Company conferring a right to vote at the meeting being shares on which an aggregate sum has been paid up equal to not less than one-tenth of the total sum paid up on all shares conferring that right.

A demand by a person as proxy for a Member or in the case of a Member being a corporation by its duly authorised representative shall be deemed to be the same as a demand by a Member.

68.     Unless a poll is duly demanded and the demand is not withdrawn, a declaration by the chairman that a resolution has been carried, or carried unanimously, or by a particular majority, or not carried by a particular majority, or lost, and an entry to that effect made in the minute book of the Company, shall be conclusive evidence of the facts without proof of the number or proportion of the votes recorded for or against the resolution.

69.     If a poll is duly demanded the result of the poll shall be deemed to be the resolution of the meeting at which the poll was demanded. There shall be no requirement for the chairman to disclose the voting figures on a poll.
 
70.     A poll demanded on the election of a chairman, or on a question of adjournment, shall be taken forthwith. A poll demanded on any other question shall be taken in such manner (including the use of ballot or voting papers or tickets) and either forthwith or at such time (being not later than thirty (30) days after the date of the demand) and place as the chairman directs. It shall not be necessary (unless the chairman otherwise directs) for notice to be given of a poll not taken immediately.

71.     The demand for a poll shall not prevent the continuance of a meeting or the transaction of any business other than the question on which the poll has been demanded, and, with the consent of the chairman, it may be withdrawn at any time before the close of the meeting or the taking of the poll, whichever is the earlier.

72.     On a poll votes may be given either personally or by proxy.

73.     A person entitled to more than one vote on a poll need not use all his votes or cast all the votes he uses in the same way.

74.     All questions submitted to a meeting shall be decided by a simple majority of votes except where a greater majority is required by these Articles or by the Law. In the case of an equality of votes, whether on a show of hands or on a poll, the chairman of such meeting shall be entitled to a second or casting vote in addition to any other vote he may have.
 
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75.     Where there are joint holders of any share any one of such joint holder may vote, either in person or by proxy, in respect of such share as if he were solely entitled thereto, but if more than one of such joint holders be present at any meeting the vote of the senior who tenders a vote, whether in person or by proxy, shall be accepted to the exclusion of the votes of the other joint holders, and for this purpose seniority shall be determined by the order in which the names stand in the Register in respect of the joint holding. Several executors or administrators of a deceased Member in whose name any share stands shall for the purposes of this Article be deemed joint holders thereof.

76.              (1)   A Member who is a patient for any purpose relating to mental health or in respect of whom an order has been made by any court having jurisdiction for the protection or management of the affairs of persons incapable of managing their own affairs may vote, whether on a show of hands or on a poll, by his receiver, committee, curator bonis or other person in the nature of a receiver, committee or curator bonis appointed by such court, and such receiver, committee, curator bonis or other person may vote on a poll by proxy, and may otherwise act and be treated as if he were the registered holder of such shares for the purposes of general meetings, provided that such evidence as the Board may require of the authority of the person claiming to vote shall have been deposited at the Office, head office or Registration Office, as appropriate, not less than forty-eight (48) hours before the time appointed for holding the meeting, or adjourned meeting or poll, as the case may be.

(2)   Any person entitled under Article 54 to be registered as the holder of any shares may vote at any general meeting in respect thereof in the same manner as if he were the registered holder of such shares, provided that forty-eight (48) hours at least before the time of
the holding of the meeting or adjourned meeting, as the case may be, at which he proposes to vote, he shall satisfy the Board of his entitlement to such shares, or the Board shall have previously admitted his right to vote at such meeting in respect thereof.

77.     No Member shall, unless the Board otherwise determines, be entitled to attend and vote and to be reckoned in a quorum at any general meeting unless he is duly registered and all calls or other sums presently payable by him in respect of shares in the Company have been paid.
 
78.     If:

 
(a)
any objection shall be raised to the qualification of any voter; or

 
(b)
any votes have been counted which ought not to have been counted or which might have been rejected; or

 
(c)
any votes are not counted which ought to have been counted;
 
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the objection or error shall not vitiate the decision of the meeting or adjourned meeting on any resolution unless the same is raised or pointed out at the meeting or, as the case may be, the adjourned meeting at which the vote objected to is given or tendered or at which the error occurs. Any objection or error shall be referred to the chairman of the meeting and shall only vitiate the decision of the meeting on any resolution if the chairman decides that the same may have affected the decision of the meeting. The decision of the chairman on such matters shall be final and conclusive.

PROXIES

79.     Any Member entitled to attend and vote at a meeting of the Company shall be entitled to appoint another person as his proxy to attend and vote instead of him. A Member who is the holder of two or more shares may appoint more than one proxy to represent him and vote on his behalf at a general meeting of the Company or at a class meeting. A proxy need not be a Member. In addition, a proxy or proxies representing either a Member who is an individual or a Member which is a corporation shall be entitled to exercise the same powers on behalf of the Member which he or they represent as such Member could exercise.

80.     The instrument appointing a proxy shall be in writing under the hand of the appointor or of his attorney duly authorised in writing or, if the appointor is a corporation, either under its seal or under the hand of an officer, attorney or other person authorised to sign the same. In the case of an instrument of proxy purporting to be signed on behalf of a corporation by an officer thereof it shall be assumed, unless the contrary appears, that such officer was duly authorised to sign such instrument of proxy on behalf of the corporation without further evidence of the facts.

81.     The instrument appointing a proxy and (if required by the Board) the power of attorney or other authority (if any) under which it is signed, or a certified copy of such power or authority, shall be delivered to such place or one of such places (if any) as may be specified for that purpose in or by way of note to or in any document accompanying the notice convening the meeting (or, if no place is so specified at the Registration Office or the Office, as may be appropriate) not less than forty-eight (48) hours before the time appointed for holding the meeting or adjourned meeting at which the person named in the instrument proposes to vote or, in the case of a poll taken subsequently to the date of a meeting or adjourned meeting, not less than twenty-four (24) hours before the time appointed for the taking of the poll and in default the instrument of proxy shall not be treated as valid. No instrument appointing a proxy shall be valid after the expiration of twelve (12) months from the date named in it as the date of its execution, except at an adjourned meeting or on a poll demanded at a meeting or an adjourned meeting in cases where the meeting was originally held within twelve (12) months from such date. Delivery of an instrument appointing a proxy shall not preclude a Member from attending and voting in person at the meeting convened and in such event, the instrument appointing a proxy shall be deemed to be revoked.

82.     Instruments of proxy shall be in any common form or in such other form as the Board may approve (provided that this shall not preclude the use of the two-way form) and the Board may, if it thinks fit, send out with the notice of any meeting forms of instrument of proxy for use at the meeting. The instrument of proxy shall be deemed to confer authority to demand or join in demanding a poll and to vote on any amendment of a resolution put to the meeting for which it is given as the proxy thinks fit. The instrument of proxy shall, unless the contrary is stated therein, be valid as well for any adjournment of the meeting as for the meeting to which it relates.
 
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83.     A vote given in accordance with the terms of an instrument of proxy shall be valid notwithstanding the previous death or insanity of the principal, or revocation of the instrument of proxy or of the authority under which it was executed, provided that no intimation in writing of such death, insanity or revocation shall have been received by the Company at the Office or the Registration Office (or such other place as may be specified for the delivery of instruments of proxy in the notice convening the meeting or other document sent therewith) two hours at least before the commencement of the meeting or adjourned meeting, or the taking of the poll, at which the instrument of proxy is used.

84.     Anything which under these Articles a Member may do by proxy he may likewise do by his duly appointed attorney and the provisions of these Articles relating to proxies and instruments appointing proxies shall apply mutatis mutandis in relation to any such attorney and the instrument under which such attorney is appointed.

CORPORATIONS ACTING BY REPRESENTATIVES

85.             (1)   Any corporation which is a Member may by resolution of its directors or other governing body authorise such person as it thinks fit to act as its representative at any meeting of the Company or at any meeting of any class of Members. The person so authorised shall be entitled to exercise the same powers on behalf of such corporation as the corporation could exercise if it were an individual Member and such corporation shall for the purposes of these Articles be deemed to be present in person at any such meeting if a person so authorised is present thereat.

(2)   If a clearing house (or its nominee(s)), being a corporation, is a Member, it may authorise such persons as it thinks fit to act as its representatives at any meeting of the Company or at any meeting of any class of Members provided that the authorisation shall specify the number and class of shares in respect of which each such representative is so authorised. Each person so authorised under the provisions of this Article shall be deemed to have been duly authorised without further evidence of the facts and be entitled to exercise the same rights and powers on behalf of the clearing house (or its nominee(s)) as if such person was the registered holder of the shares of the Company held by the clearing house (or its nominee(s)) including the right to vote individually on a show of hands.

(3)   Any reference in these Articles to a duly authorised representative of a Member being a corporation shall mean a representative authorised under the provisions of this Article.

NO ACTION BY WRITTEN RESOLUTIONS OF MEMBERS

86.     Any action required or permitted to be taken at any annual or extraordinary general meetings of the Company may be taken only upon the vote of the Members at an annual or extraordinary general meeting duly noticed and convened in accordance with these Articles and the Law and may not be taken by written resolution of Members without a meeting.
 
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BOARD OF DIRECTORS

87.           (1)   Unless otherwise determined by the Company in general meeting, the number of Directors shall not be less than two (2). There shall be no maximum number of Directors unless otherwise determined from time to time by the Members in general meeting by special resolution. The Directors shall be elected or appointed in the first place by the subscribers to the Memorandum of Association or by a majority of them and thereafter in accordance with Article 88 and shall hold office until their successors are elected or appointed.

(2)   Subject to the Articles and the Law, the Company may by ordinary resolution elect any person to be a Director either to fill a casual vacancy or as an addition to the existing Board.  
 
(3)   The Directors shall have the power from time to time and at any time to appoint any person as a Director to fill a casual vacancy on the Board or as an addition to the existing Board. Any Director so appointed by the Board shall hold office only until the next following annual general meeting of the Company and shall then be eligible for re-election.

(4)   No Director shall be required to hold any shares of the Company by way of qualification and a Director who is not a Member shall be entitled to receive notice of and to attend and speak at any general meeting of the Company and of all classes of shares of the Company.

(5)   Subject to any provision to the contrary in these Articles, a Director may be removed by way of an ordinary resolution of the Members at any time before the expiration of his period of office notwithstanding anything in these Articles or in any agreement between the Company and such Director (but without prejudice to any claim for damages under any such agreement).

(6)   A vacancy on the Board created by the removal of a Director under the provisions of subparagraph (5) above may be filled by the election or appointment by ordinary resolution of the Members at the meeting at which such Director is removed or by the affirmative vote of a simple majority of the remaining Directors present and voting at a Board meeting.

(7)   The Company may from time to time in general meeting by ordinary resolution increase or reduce the number of Directors but so that the number of Directors shall never be less than two (2).
 
RETIREMENT OF DIRECTORS

88.           (1)   Notwithstanding any other provisions in the Articles, at each annual general meeting one-third of the Directors for the time being (or, if their number is not a multiple of three (3), the number nearest to but not greater than one-third) shall retire from office by rotation provided that notwithstanding anything herein, the chairman of the Board and/or the managing director of the Company shall not, whilst holding such office, be subject to retirement by rotation or be taken into account in determining the number of Directors to retire in each year.
 
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(2)   A retiring Director shall be eligible for re-election. The Directors to retire by rotation shall include (so far as necessary to ascertain the number of directors to retire by rotation) any Director who wishes to retire and not to offer himself for re-election. Any further Directors so to retire shall be those of the other Directors subject to retirement by rotation who have been longest in office since their last re-election or appointment and so that as between persons who became or were last re-elected Directors on the same day those to retire shall (unless they otherwise agree among themselves) be determined by lot. Any Director appointed pursuant to Article 87(2) or Article 87(3) shall not be taken into account in determining which particular Directors or the number of Directors who are to retire by rotation.
 
89.     No person other than a Director retiring at the meeting shall, unless recommended by the Directors for election, be eligible for election as a Director at any general meeting unless a Notice signed by a Member (other than the person to be proposed) duly qualified to attend and vote at the meeting for which such notice is given of his intention to propose such person for election and also a Notice signed by the person to be proposed of his willingness to be elected shall have been lodged at the head office or at the Registration Office provided that the minimum length of the period, during which such Notice(s) are given, shall be at least seven (7) days and that the period for lodgment of such Notice(s) shall commence no earlier than the day after the dispatch of the notice of the general meeting appointed for such election and end no later than seven (7) days prior to the date of such general meeting.

DISQUALIFICATION OF DIRECTORS

90.     The office of a Director shall be vacated if the Director:

(1)   resigns his office by notice in writing delivered to the Company at the Office or tendered at a meeting of the Board;

(2) becomes of unsound mind or dies;

(3)   without special leave of absence from the Board, is absent from meetings of the Board for six consecutive months and the Board resolves that his office be vacated; or

(4)   becomes bankrupt or has a receiving order made against him or suspends payment or compounds with his creditors;

(5) is prohibited by law from being a Director; or

(6)   ceases to be a Director by virtue of any provision of the Statutes or is removed from office pursuant to these Articles.
 
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EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS

91.     The Board may from time to time appoint any one or more of its body to be a managing director, joint managing director or deputy managing director or to hold any other employment or executive office with the Company for such period (subject to their continuance as Directors) and upon such terms as the Board may determine and the Board may revoke or terminate any of such appointments. Any such revocation or termination as aforesaid shall be without prejudice to any claim for damages that such Director may have against the Company or the Company may have against such Director. A Director appointed to an office under this Article shall be subject to the same provisions as to removal as the other Directors of the Company, and he shall (subject to the provisions of any contract between him and the Company) ipso facto and immediately cease to hold such office if he shall cease to hold the office of Director for any cause.
 
92.     Notwithstanding Articles 93 and 94, an executive director appointed to an office under Article 91 hereof shall receive such remuneration (whether by way of salary, commission, participation in profits or otherwise or by all or any of those modes) and such other benefits (including pension and/or gratuity and/or other benefits on retirement) and allowances as the Board may from time to time determine, and either in addition to or in lieu of his remuneration as a Director.

DIRECTORS’ FEES AND EXPENSES

93.     The ordinary remuneration of the Directors shall from time to time be determined by the Company in general meeting and shall (unless otherwise directed by the resolution by which it is voted) be divided amongst the Board in such proportions and in such manner as the Board may agree or, failing agreement, equally, except that any Director who shall hold office for part only of the period in respect of which such remuneration is payable shall be entitled only to rank in such division for a proportion of remuneration related to the period during which he has held office. Such remuneration shall be deemed to accrue from day to day. Each Director shall be entitled to be repaid or prepaid all traveling, hotel and incidental expenses reasonably incurred or expected to be incurred by him in attending meetings of the Board or committees of the board or general meetings or separate meetings of any class of shares or of debenture of the Company or otherwise in connection with the discharge of his duties as a Director.

94.     Any Director who, by request, goes or resides abroad for any purpose of the Company or who performs services which in the opinion of the Board go beyond the ordinary duties of a Director may be paid such extra remuneration (whether by way of salary, commission, participation in profits or otherwise) as the Board may determine and such extra
remuneration shall be in addition to or in substitution for any ordinary remuneration provided for by or pursuant to any other Article.
 
 
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DIRECTORS’ INTERESTS

95.     A Director may:
 
 
(a)
hold any other office or place of profit with the Company (except that of Auditor) in conjunction with his office of Director for such period and upon such terms as the Board may determine. Any remuneration (whether by way of salary, commission, participation in profits or otherwise) paid to any Director in respect of any such other office or place of profit shall be in addition to any remuneration provided for by or pursuant to any other Article;

 
(b)
act by himself or his firm in a professional capacity for the Company (otherwise than as Auditor) and he or his firm may be remunerated for professional services as if he were not a Director;

 
(c)
continue to be or become a director, managing director, joint managing director, deputy managing director, executive director, manager or other officer or member of any other company promoted by the Company or in which the Company may be interested as a vendor, shareholder or otherwise and (unless otherwise agreed) no such Director shall be accountable for any remuneration, profits or other benefits received by him as a director, managing director, joint managing director, deputy managing director, executive director, manager or other officer or member of or from his interests in any such other company. Subject as otherwise provided by these Articles the Directors may exercise or cause to be exercised the voting powers conferred by the shares in any other company held or owned by the Company, or exercisable by them as Directors of such other company in such manner in all respects as they think fit (including the exercise thereof in favour of any resolution appointing themselves or any of them directors, managing directors, joint managing directors, deputy managing directors, executive directors, managers or other officers of such company) or voting or providing for the payment of remuneration to the director, managing director, joint managing director, deputy managing director, executive director, manager or other officers of such other company and any Director may vote in favour of the exercise of such voting rights in manner aforesaid notwithstanding that he may be, or about to be, appointed a director, managing director, joint managing director, deputy managing director, executive director, manager or other officer of such a company, and that as such he is or may become interested in the exercise of such voting rights in manner aforesaid.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, no “Independent Director” as defined in rules of the Designated Stock Exchange or in Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act, and with respect of whom the Board has determined constitutes an “Independent Director” for purposes of compliance with applicable law or the Company’s listing requirements, shall without the consent of the Audit Committee take any of the foregoing actions or any other action that would reasonably be likely to affect such Director’s status as an “Independent Director” of the Company.
 
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96.     Subject to the Law and to these Articles, no Director or proposed or intending Director shall be disqualified by his office from contracting with the Company, either with regard to his tenure of any office or place of profit or as vendor, purchaser or in any other manner whatever, nor shall any such contract or any other contract or arrangement in which any Director is in any way interested be liable to be avoided, nor shall any Director so contracting or being so interested be liable to account to the Company or the Members for any remuneration, profit or other benefits realised by any such contract or arrangement by reason of such Director holding that office or of the fiduciary relationship thereby established provided that such Director shall disclose the nature of his interest in any contract or arrangement in which he is interested in accordance with Article 97 herein. Any such transaction that would reasonably be likely to affect a Director’s status as an “Independent Director.

97.     A Director who to his knowledge is in any way, whether directly or indirectly, interested in a contract or arrangement or proposed contract or arrangement with the Company shall declare the nature of his interest at the meeting of the Board at which the question of entering into the contract or arrangement is first considered, if he knows his interest then exists, or in any other case at the first meeting of the Board after he knows that he is or has become so interested. For the purposes of this Article, a general Notice to the Board by a Director to the effect that:

 
(a)
he is a member or officer of a specified company or firm and is to be regarded as interested in any contract or arrangement which may after the date of the Notice be made with that company or firm; or

 
(b)
he is to be regarded as interested in any contract or arrangement which may after the date of the Notice be made with a specified person who is connected with him;

shall be deemed to be a sufficient declaration of interest under this Article in relation to any such contract or arrangement, provided that no such Notice shall be effective unless either it is given at a meeting of the Board or the Director takes reasonable steps to secure that it is brought up and read at the next Board meeting after it is given.

98.     Following a declaration being made pursuant to the last preceding two Articles, subject to any separate requirement for Audit Committee approval under applicable law or the listing rules of the Company’s Designated Stock Exchange, and unless disqualified by the chairman of the relevant Board meeting, a Director may vote in respect of any contract or proposed contract or arrangement in which such Director is interested and may be counted in the quorum at such meeting.

GENERAL POWERS OF THE DIRECTORS

99.           (1)   The business of the Company shall be managed and conducted by the Board, which may pay all expenses incurred in forming and registering the Company and may exercise all powers of the Company (whether relating to the management of the business of the Company or otherwise) which are not by the Statutes or by these Articles required to be exercised by the Company in general meeting, subject nevertheless to the provisions of the Statutes and of these Articles and to such regulations being not inconsistent with such provisions, as may be prescribed by the Company in general meeting, but no regulations made by the Company in general meeting shall invalidate any prior act of the Board which would have been valid if such regulations had not been made. The general powers given by this Article shall not be limited or restricted by any special authority or power given to the Board by any other Article.
 
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(2)   Any person contracting or dealing with the Company in the ordinary course of business shall be entitled to rely on any written or oral contract or agreement or deed, document or instrument entered into or executed as the case may be by any two of the Directors acting jointly on behalf of the Company and the same shall be deemed to be validly entered into or executed by the Company as the case may be and shall, subject to any rule of law, be binding on the Company.

(3)   Without prejudice to the general powers conferred by these Articles it is hereby expressly declared that the Board shall have the following powers:

 
(a)
To give to any person the right or option of requiring at a future date that an allotment shall be made to him of any share at par or at such premium as may be agreed.

 
(b)
To give to any Directors, officers or employees of the Company an interest in any particular business or transaction or participation in the profits thereof or in the general profits of the Company either in addition to or in substitution for a salary or other remuneration.

 
(c)
To resolve that the Company be deregistered in the Cayman Islands and continued in a named jurisdiction outside the Cayman Islands subject to the provisions of the Law.

100.     The Board may establish any regional or local boards or agencies for managing any of the affairs of the Company in any place, and may appoint any persons to be members of such local boards, or any managers or agents, and may fix their remuneration (either by way of salary or by commission or by conferring the right to participation in the profits of the Company or by a combination of two or more of these modes) and pay the working expenses of any staff employed by them upon the business of the Company. The Board may delegate to any regional or local board, manager or agent any of the powers, authorities and discretions vested in or exercisable by the Board (other than its powers to make calls and forfeit shares), with power to sub-delegate, and may authorise the members of any of them to fill any vacancies therein and to act notwithstanding vacancies. Any such appointment or delegation may be made upon such terms and subject to such conditions as the Board may think fit, and the Board may remove any person appointed as aforesaid, and may revoke or vary such delegation, but no person dealing in good faith and without notice of any such revocation or variation shall be affected thereby.

101.     The Board may by power of attorney appoint any company, firm or person or any fluctuating body of persons, whether nominated directly or indirectly by the Board, to be the attorney or attorneys of the Company for such purposes and with such powers, authorities and discretions (not exceeding those vested in or exercisable by the Board under these Articles) and for such period and subject to such conditions as it may think fit, and any such power of attorney may contain such provisions for the protection and convenience of persons dealing with any such attorney as the Board may think fit, and may also authorise any such attorney to sub-delegate all or any of the powers, authorities and discretions vested in him. Such attorney or attorneys may, if so authorised under the Seal of the Company, execute any deed or instrument under their personal seal with the same effect as the affixation of the Company’s Seal.
 
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102.     The Board may entrust to and confer upon a managing director, joint managing director, deputy managing director, an executive director or any Director any of the powers exercisable by it upon such terms and conditions and with such restrictions as it thinks fit, and either collaterally with, or to the exclusion of, its own powers, and may from time to time revoke or vary all or any of such powers but no person dealing in good faith and without notice of such revocation or variation shall be affected thereby.
 
103.     All cheques, promissory notes, drafts, bills of exchange and other instruments, whether negotiable or transferable or not, and all receipts for moneys paid to the Company shall be signed, drawn, accepted, endorsed or otherwise executed, as the case may be, in such manner as the Board shall from time to time by resolution determine. The Company’s banking accounts shall be kept with such banker or bankers as the Board shall from time to time determine.

104.           (1)   The Board may establish or concur or join with other companies (being subsidiary companies of the Company or companies with which it is associated in business) in establishing and making contributions out of the Company’s moneys to any schemes or funds for providing pensions, sickness or compassionate allowances, life assurance or other benefits for employees (which expression as used in this and the following paragraph shall include any Director or ex-Director who may hold or have held any executive office or any office of profit under the Company or any of its subsidiary companies) and ex-employees of the Company and their dependants or any class or classes of such person.

(2)   The Board may pay, enter into agreements to pay or make grants of revocable or irrevocable pensions or other benefits to employees and ex-employees and their dependants, or to any of such persons, including pensions or benefits additional to those, if any, to which such employees or ex-employees or their dependants are or may become entitled under any such scheme or fund as mentioned in the last preceding paragraph. Any such pension or benefit may, as the Board considers desirable, be granted to an employee either before and in anticipation of or upon or at any time after his actual retirement, and may be subject or not subject to any terms or conditions as the Board may determine.

BORROWING POWERS

105.     The Board may exercise all the powers of the Company to raise or borrow money and to mortgage or charge all or any part of the undertaking, property and assets (present and future) and uncalled capital of the Company and, subject to the Law, to issue debentures, bonds and other securities, whether outright or as collateral security for any debt, liability or obligation of the Company or of any third party.
 
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106.     Debentures, bonds and other securities may be made assignable free from any equities between the Company and the person to whom the same may be issued.

107.     Any debentures, bonds or other securities may be issued at a discount (other than shares), premium or otherwise and with any special privileges as to redemption, surrender, drawings, allotment of shares, attending and voting at general meetings of the Company, appointment of Directors and otherwise.

108.           (1)   Where any uncalled capital of the Company is charged, all persons taking any subsequent charge thereon shall take the same subject to such prior charge, and shall not be entitled, by notice to the Members or otherwise, to obtain priority over such prior charge.
 
(2)   The Board shall cause a proper register to be kept, in accordance with the provisions of the Law, of all charges specifically affecting the property of the Company and of any series of debentures issued by the Company and shall duly comply with the requirements of the Law in regard to the registration of charges and debentures therein specified and otherwise.
 
PROCEEDINGS OF THE DIRECTORS

109.     The Board may meet for the despatch of business, adjourn and otherwise regulate its meetings as it considers appropriate. Questions arising at any meeting shall be determined by a majority of votes. In the case of any equality of votes the chairman of the meeting shall have an additional or casting vote.

110.     A meeting of the Board may be convened by the Secretary on request of a Director or by any Director. The Secretary shall convene a meeting of the Board of which notice may be given in writing or by telephone or in such other manner as the Board may from time to time determine whenever he shall be required so to do by the president or chairman, as the case may be, or any Director.

111.            (1)   The quorum necessary for the transaction of the business of the Board may be fixed by the Board and, unless so fixed at any other number, shall be two (2). An alternate Director shall be counted in a quorum in the case of the absence of a Director for whom he is the alternate provided that he shall not be counted more than once for the purpose of determining whether or not a quorum is present.

(2)   Directors may participate in any meeting of the Board by means of a conference telephone or other communications equipment through which all persons participating in the meeting can communicate with each other simultaneously and instantaneously and, for the purpose of counting a quorum, such participation shall constitute presence at a meeting as if those participating were present in person.
 
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(3)   Any Director who ceases to be a Director at a Board meeting may continue to be present and to act as a Director and be counted in the quorum until the termination of such Board meeting if no other Director objects and if otherwise a quorum of Directors would not be present.

112.     The continuing Directors or a sole continuing Director may act notwithstanding any vacancy in the Board but, if and so long as the number of Directors is reduced below the minimum number fixed by or in accordance with these Articles, the continuing Directors or Director, notwithstanding that the number of Directors is below the number fixed by or in accordance with these Articles as the quorum or that there is only one continuing Director, may act for the purpose of filling vacancies in the Board or of summoning general meetings of the Company but not for any other purpose.

113.     The Chairman of the Board shall be the chairman of all meetings of the Board. If the Chairman of the Board is not present at any meeting within five (5) minutes after the time appointed for holding the same, the Directors present may choose one of their number to be chairman of the meeting.

114.     A meeting of the Board at which a quorum is present shall be competent to exercise all the powers, authorities and discretions for the time being vested in or exercisable by the Board.

115.           (1)   The Board may delegate any of its powers, authorities and discretions to committees (including, without limitation, the Audit Committee), consisting of such Director or Directors and other persons as it thinks fit, and they may, from time to time, revoke such delegation or revoke the appointment of and discharge any such committees either wholly or in part, and either as to persons or purposes. Any committee so formed shall, in the exercise of the powers, authorities and discretions so delegated, conform to any regulations which may be imposed on it by the Board.

(2)   All acts done by any such committee in conformity with such regulations, and in fulfilment of the purposes for which it was appointed, but not otherwise, shall have like force and effect as if done by the Board, and the Board (or if the Board delegates such power, the committee) shall have power to remunerate the members of any such committee, and charge such remuneration to the current expenses of the Company.

116.     The meetings and proceedings of any committee consisting of two or more members shall be governed by the provisions contained in these Articles for regulating the meetings and proceedings of the Board so far as the same are applicable and are not superseded by any regulations imposed by the Board under the last preceding Article, indicating, without limitation, any committee charter adopted by the Board for purposes or in respect of any such committee.

117.     A resolution in writing signed by all the Directors except such as are temporarily unable to act through ill-health or disability shall (provided that such number is sufficient to constitute a quorum and further provided that a copy of such resolution has been given or the contents thereof communicated to all the Directors for the time being entitled to receive notices of Board meetings in the same manner as notices of meetings are required to be given by these Articles) be as valid and effectual as if a resolution had been passed at a meeting of the Board duly convened and held. Such resolution may be contained in one document or in several documents in like form each signed by one or more of the Directors and for this purpose a facsimile signature of a Director shall be treated as valid.
 
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118.     All acts bona fide done by the Board or by any committee or by any person acting as a Director or members of a committee, shall, notwithstanding that it is afterwards discovered that there was some defect in the appointment of any member of the Board or such committee or person acting as aforesaid or that they or any of them were disqualified or had vacated office, be as valid as if every such person had been duly appointed and was qualified and had continued to be a Director or member of such committee.
 
AUDIT COMMITTEE

119.     Without prejudice to the freedom of the Directors to establish any other committees, for so long as the shares of the Company (or depositary receipts therefor) are listed or quoted on the Designated Stock Exchange, the Board shall establish and maintain an audit committee as a committee of the Board, the composition and responsibilities of which shall comply with the rules of the Designated Stock Exchange and the rules and regulations of the SEC.

120.          (1)   The Board shall adopt a formal written audit committee charter and review and assess the adequacy of the formal written charter on an annual basis.

(2)   The Audit Committee shall meet at least once every financial quarter, or more frequently as circumstances dictate.

121.     For so long as the shares of the Company (or depositary receipts therefor) are listed or quoted on the Designated Stock Exchange, the Company shall conduct an appropriate review of all related party transactions on an ongoing basis and shall utilize the Audit Committee for the review and approval of potential conflicts of interest. Specially, the Audit Committee shall approve any transaction or transactions between the Company and any of the following parties: (i) any shareholder owning an interest in the voting power of the Company or any subsidiary of the Company that gives such shareholder significant influence over the Company or any subsidiary of the Company, (ii) any director or executive officer of the Company or any subsidiary of the Company and any relative of such director or executive officer, (iii) any person in which a substantial interest in the voting power of the Company is owned, directly or indirectly, by any person described in (i) or (ii) or over which such a person is able to exercise significant influence, and (iv) any affiliate (other than a subsidiary) of the Company.
 
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OFFICERS

122.           (1)   The officers of the Company shall consist of the Chairman of the Board, the Directors and Secretary and such additional officers (who may or may not be Directors) as the Board may from time to time determine, all of whom shall be deemed to be officers for the purposes of the Law and these Articles.

(2)   The Directors shall, as soon as may be after each appointment or election of Directors, elect amongst the Directors a chairman and if more than one Director is proposed for this office, the election to such office shall take place in such manner as the Directors may determine.

(3)   The officers shall receive such remuneration as the Directors may from time to time determine.

123.   (1)   The Secretary and additional officers, if any, shall be appointed by the Board and shall hold office on such terms and for such period as the Board may determine. If thought fit, two or more persons may be appointed as joint Secretaries. The Board may also appoint from time to time on such terms as it thinks fit one or more assistant or deputy Secretaries.

(2)   The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the Members and shall keep correct minutes of such meetings and enter the same in the proper books provided for the purpose. He shall perform such other duties as are prescribed by the Law or these Articles or as may be prescribed by the Board.
 
124.     The officers of the Company shall have such powers and perform such duties in the management, business and affairs of the Company as may be delegated to them by the Directors from time to time.

125.     A provision of the Law or of these Articles requiring or authorising a thing to be done by or to a Director and the Secretary shall not be satisfied by its being done by or to the same person acting both as Director and as or in place of the Secretary.
 
REGISTER OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS

126.     The Company shall cause to be kept in one or more books at its Office a Register of Directors and Officers in which there shall be entered the full names and addresses of the Directors and Officers and such other particulars as required by the Law or as the Directors may determine. The Company shall send to the Registrar of Companies in the Cayman Islands a copy of such register, and shall from time to time notify to the said Registrar of any change that takes place in relation to such Directors and Officers as required by the Law.
 
MINUTES

127.           (1)   The Board shall cause minutes to be duly entered in books provided for the purpose:

 
(a)
of all elections and appointments of officers;
 
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(b)
of the names of the Directors present at each meeting of the Directors and of any committee of the Directors;

 
(c)
of all resolutions and proceedings of each general meeting of the Members, meetings of the Board and meetings of committees of the Board and where there are managers, of all proceedings of meetings of the managers.

 
(2)
Minutes shall be kept by the Secretary at the Office.
 
SEAL

128.           (1)   The Company may have one or more Seals, as the Board may determine. For the purpose of sealing documents creating or evidencing securities issued by the Company, the Company may have a securities seal which is a facsimile of the Seal of the Company with the addition of the word “Securities” on its face or in such other form as the Board may approve. The Board shall provide for the custody of each Seal and no Seal shall be used without the authority of the Board or of a committee of the Board authorised by the Board in that behalf. Subject as otherwise provided in these Articles, any instrument to which a Seal is affixed shall be signed autographically by one Director and the Secretary or by two Directors or by such other person (including a Director) or persons as the Board may appoint, either generally or in any particular case, save that as regards any certificates for shares or debentures or other securities of the Company the Board may by resolution determine that such signatures or either of them shall be dispensed with or affixed by some method or system of mechanical signature. Every instrument executed in manner provided by this Article shall be deemed to be sealed and executed with the authority of the Board previously given.

(2)   Where the Company has a Seal for use abroad, the Board may by writing under the Seal appoint any agent or committee abroad to be the duly authorised agent of the Company for the purpose of affixing and using such Seal and the Board may impose restrictions on the use thereof as may be thought fit. Wherever in these Articles reference is made to the Seal, the reference shall, when and so far as may be applicable, be deemed to include any such other Seal as aforesaid.
 
AUTHENTICATION OF DOCUMENTS

129.     Any Director or the Secretary or any person appointed by the Board for the purpose may authenticate any documents affecting the constitution of the Company and any resolution passed by the Company or the Board or any committee, and any books, records, documents and accounts relating to the business of the Company, and to certify copies thereof or extracts therefrom as true copies or extracts, and if any books, records, documents or accounts are elsewhere than at the Office or the head office the local manager or other officer of the Company having the custody thereof shall be deemed to be a person so appointed by the Board. A document purporting to be a copy of a resolution, or an extract from the minutes of a meeting, of the Company or of the Board or any committee which is so certified shall be conclusive evidence in favour of all persons dealing with the Company upon the faith thereof that such resolution has been duly passed or, as the case may be, that such minutes or extract is a true and accurate record of proceedings at a duly constituted meeting.
 
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DESTRUCTION OF DOCUMENTS

130.          (1)   The Company shall be entitled to destroy the following documents at the following times:

 
(a)
any share certificate which has been cancelled at any time after the expiry of one (1) year from the date of such cancellation;

 
(b)
any dividend mandate or any variation or cancellation thereof or any notification of change of name or address at any time after the expiry of two (2) years from the date such mandate variation cancellation or notification was recorded by the Company;

 
(c)
any instrument of transfer of shares which has been registered at any time after the expiry of seven (7) years from the date of registration;
 
 
(d)
any allotment letters after the expiry of seven (7) years from the date of issue thereof; and

 
(e)
copies of powers of attorney, grants of probate and letters of administration at any time after the expiry of seven (7) years after the account to which the relevant power of attorney, grant of probate or letters of administration related has been closed;

and it shall conclusively be presumed in favour of the Company that every entry in the Register purporting to be made on the basis of any such documents so destroyed was duly and properly made and every share certificate so destroyed was a valid certificate duly and properly cancelled and that every instrument of transfer so destroyed was a valid and effective instrument duly and properly registered and that every other document destroyed hereunder was a valid and effective document in accordance with the recorded particulars thereof in the books or records of the Company. Provided always that: (1) the foregoing provisions of this Article shall apply only to the destruction of a document in good faith and without express notice to the Company that the preservation of such document was relevant to a claim; (2) nothing contained in this Article shall be construed as imposing upon the Company any liability in respect of the destruction of any such document earlier than as aforesaid or in any case where the conditions of proviso (1) above are not fulfilled; and (3) references in this Article to the destruction of any document include references to its disposal in any manner.

(2)   Notwithstanding any provision contained in these Articles, the Directors may, if permitted by applicable law, authorise the destruction of documents set out in sub-paragraphs (a) to (e) of paragraph (1) of this Article and any other documents in relation to share registration which have been microfilmed or electronically stored by the Company or by the share registrar on its behalf provided always that this Article shall apply only to the destruction of a document in good faith and without express notice to the Company and its share registrar that the preservation of such document was relevant to a claim.
 
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DIVIDENDS AND OTHER PAYMENTS

131.     Subject to the Law, the Company in general meeting or the Board may from time to time declare dividends in any currency to be paid to the Members but no dividend shall be declared in excess of the amount recommended by the Board.

132.     Dividends may be declared and paid out of the profits of the Company, realised or unrealised, or from any reserve set aside from profits which the Directors determine is no longer needed. The Board may also declare and pay dividends out of share premium account or any other fund or account which can be authorised for this purpose in accordance with the Law.

133.     Except in so far as the rights attaching to, or the terms of issue of, any share otherwise provide:
 
 
(a)
all dividends shall be declared and paid according to the amounts paid up on the shares in respect of which the dividend is paid, but no amount paid up on a share in advance of calls shall be treated for the purposes of this Article as paid up on the share; and

 
(b)
all dividends shall be apportioned and paid pro rata according to the amounts paid up on the shares during any portion or portions of the period in respect of which the dividend is paid.

134.     The Board may from time to time pay to the Members such interim dividends as appear to the Board to be justified by the profits of the Company and in particular (but without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing) if at any time the share capital of the Company is divided into different classes, the Board may pay such interim dividends in respect of those shares in the capital of the Company which confer on the holders thereof deferred or non-preferential rights as well as in respect of those shares which confer on the holders thereof preferential rights with regard to dividend and provided that the Board acts bona fide the Board shall not incur any responsibility to the holders of shares conferring any preference for any damage that they may suffer by reason of the payment of an interim dividend on any shares having deferred or non-preferential rights and may also pay any fixed dividend which is payable on any shares of the Company half-yearly or on any other dates, whenever such profits, in the opinion of the Board, justifies such payment.

135.     The Board may deduct from any dividend or other moneys payable to a Member by the Company on or in respect of any shares all sums of money (if any) presently payable by him to the Company on account of calls or otherwise.

136.     No dividend or other moneys payable by the Company on or in respect of any share shall bear interest against the Company.
 
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137.     Any dividend, interest or other sum payable in cash to the holder of shares may be paid by cheque or warrant sent through the post addressed to the holder at his registered address or, in the case of joint holders, addressed to the holder whose name stands first in the Register in respect of the shares at his address as appearing in the Register or addressed to such person and at such address as the holder or joint holders may in writing direct. Every such cheque or warrant shall, unless the holder or joint holders otherwise direct, be made payable to the order of the holder or, in the case of joint holders, to the order of the holder whose name stands first on the Register in respect of such shares, and shall be sent at his or their risk and payment of the cheque or warrant by the bank on which it is drawn shall constitute a good discharge to the Company notwithstanding that it may subsequently appear that the same has been stolen or that any endorsement thereon has been forged. Any one of two or more joint holders may give effectual receipts for any dividends or other moneys payable or property distributable in respect of the shares held by such joint holders.

138.     All dividends or bonuses unclaimed for one (1) year after having been declared may be invested or otherwise made use of by the Board for the benefit of the Company until claimed. Any dividend or bonuses unclaimed after a period of six (6) years from the date of declaration shall be forfeited and shall revert to the Company. The payment by the Board of any unclaimed dividend or other sums payable on or in respect of a share into a separate account shall not constitute the Company a trustee in respect thereof.

139.     Whenever the Board or the Company in general meeting has resolved that a dividend be paid or declared, the Board may further resolve that such dividend be satisfied wholly or in part by the distribution of specific assets of any kind and in particular of paid up shares, debentures or warrants to subscribe securities of the Company or any other company, or in any one or more of such ways, and where any difficulty arises in regard to the distribution the Board may settle the same as it thinks expedient, and in particular may issue certificates in respect of fractions of shares, disregard fractional entitlements or round the same up or down, and may fix the value for distribution of such specific assets, or any part thereof, and may determine that cash payments shall be made to any Members upon the footing of the value so fixed in order to adjust the rights of all parties, and may vest any such specific assets in trustees as may seem expedient to the Board and may appoint any person to sign any requisite instruments of transfer and other documents on behalf of the persons entitled to the dividend, and such appointment shall be effective and binding on the Members. The Board may resolve that no such assets shall be made available to Members with registered addresses in any particular territory or territories where, in the absence of a registration statement or other special formalities, such distribution of assets would or might, in the opinion of the Board, be unlawful or impracticable and in such event the only entitlement of the Members aforesaid shall be to receive cash payments as aforesaid. Members affected as a result of the foregoing sentence shall not be or be deemed to be a separate class of Members for any purpose whatsoever.

140.            (1)   Whenever the Board or the Company in general meeting has resolved that a dividend be paid or declared on any class of the share capital of the Company, the Board may further resolve either:

 
(a)
that such dividend be satisfied wholly or in part in the form of an allotment of shares credited as fully paid up, provided that the Members entitled thereto will be entitled to elect to receive such dividend (or part thereof if the Board so determines) in cash in lieu of such allotment. In such case, the following provisions shall apply:
 
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(i)
the basis of any such allotment shall be determined by the Board;

 
(ii)
the Board, after determining the basis of allotment, shall give not less than ten (10) days’ Notice to the holders of the relevant shares of the right of election accorded to them and shall send with such notice forms of election and specify the procedure to be followed and the place at which and the latest date and time by which duly completed forms of election must be lodged in order to be effective;

 
(iii)
the right of election may be exercised in respect of the whole or part of that portion of the dividend in respect of which the right of election has been accorded; and

 
(iv)
the dividend (or that part of the dividend to be satisfied by the allotment of shares as aforesaid) shall not be payable in cash on shares in respect whereof the cash election has not been duly exercised (“the non-elected shares”) and in satisfaction thereof shares of the relevant class shall be allotted credited as fully paid up to the holders of the non-elected shares on the basis of allotment determined as aforesaid and for such purpose the Board shall capitalise and apply out of any part of the undivided profits of the Company (including profits carried and standing to the credit of any reserves or other special account, share premium account, capital redemption reserve other than the Subscription Rights Reserve) as the Board may determine, such sum as may be required to pay up in full the appropriate number of shares of the relevant class for allotment and distribution to and amongst the holders of the non-elected shares on such basis; or

 
(b)
that the Members entitled to such dividend shall be entitled to elect to receive an allotment of shares credited as fully paid up in lieu of the whole or such part of the dividend as the Board may think fit. In such case, the following provisions shall apply:

 
(i)
the basis of any such allotment shall be determined by the Board;

 
(ii)
the Board, after determining the basis of allotment, shall give not less than ten (10) days’ Notice to the holders of the relevant shares of the right of election accorded to them and shall send with such notice forms of election and specify the procedure to be followed and the place at which and the latest date and time by which duly completed forms of election must be lodged in order to be effective;
 
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(iii)
the right of election may be exercised in respect of the whole or part of that portion of the dividend in respect of which the right of election has been accorded; and

(iv)         
the dividend (or that part of the dividend in respect of which a right of election has been accorded) shall not be payable in cash on shares in respect whereof the share election has been duly exercised (“the elected shares”) and in lieu thereof shares of the relevant class shall be allotted credited as fully paid up to the holders of the elected shares on the basis of allotment determined as aforesaid and for such purpose the Board shall capitalise and apply out of any part of the undivided profits of the Company (including profits carried and standing to the credit of any reserves or other special account, share premium account, capital redemption reserve other than the Subscription Rights Reserve) as the Board may determine, such sum as may be required to pay up in full the appropriate number of shares of the relevant class for allotment and distribution to and amongst the holders of the elected shares on such basis.
 
 
(2)
(a)
The shares allotted pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) of this Article shall rank pari passu in all respects with shares of the same class (if any) then in issue save only as regards participation in the relevant dividend or in any other distributions, bonuses or rights paid, made, declared or announced prior to or contemporaneously with the payment or declaration of the relevant dividend unless, contemporaneously with the announcement by the Board of their proposal to apply the provisions of sub-paragraph (a) or (b) of paragraph (2) of this Article in relation to the relevant dividend or contemporaneously with their announcement of the distribution, bonus or rights in question, the Board shall specify that the shares to be allotted pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) of this Article shall rank for participation in such distribution, bonus or rights.
     
 
(b)
The Board may do all acts and things considered necessary or expedient to give effect to any capitalisation pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) of this Article, with full power to the Board to make such provisions as it thinks fit in the case of shares becoming distributable in fractions (including provisions whereby, in whole or in part, fractional entitlements are aggregated and sold and the net proceeds distributed to those entitled, or are disregarded or rounded up or down or whereby the benefit of fractional entitlements accrues to the Company rather than to the Members concerned). The Board may authorise any person to enter into on behalf of all Members interested, an agreement with the Company providing for such capitalisation and matters incidental thereto and any agreement made pursuant to such authority shall be effective and binding on all concerned.

(3)   The Company may upon the recommendation of the Board by ordinary resolution resolve in respect of any one particular dividend of the Company that notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (1) of this Article a dividend may be satisfied wholly in the form of an allotment of shares credited as fully paid up without offering any right to shareholders to elect to receive such dividend in cash in lieu of such allotment.
 
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(4)   The Board may on any occasion determine that rights of election and the allotment of shares under paragraph (1) of this Article shall not be made available or made to any shareholders with registered addresses in any territory where, in the absence of a registration statement or other special formalities, the circulation of an offer of such rights of election or the allotment of shares would or might, in the opinion of the Board, be unlawful or impracticable, and in such event the provisions aforesaid shall be read and construed subject to such determination. Members affected as a result of the foregoing sentence shall not be or be deemed to be a separate class of Members for any purpose whatsoever.
 
(5)   Any resolution declaring a dividend on shares of any class, whether a resolution of the Company in general meeting or a resolution of the Board, may specify that the same shall be payable or distributable to the persons registered as the holders of such shares at the close of business on a particular date, notwithstanding that it may be a date prior to that on which the resolution is passed, and thereupon the dividend shall be payable or distributable to them in accordance with their respective holdings so registered, but without prejudice to the rights inter se in respect of such dividend of transferors and transferees of any such shares. The provisions of this Article shall mutatis mutandis apply to bonuses, capitalisation issues, distributions of realised capital profits or offers or grants made by the Company to the Members.

RESERVES

141.           (1)   The Board shall establish an account to be called the share premium account and shall carry to the credit of such account from time to time a sum equal to the amount or value of the premium paid on the issue of any share in the Company. Unless otherwise provided by the provisions of these Articles, the Board may apply the share premium account in any manner permitted by the Law. The Company shall at all times comply with the provisions of the Law in relation to the share premium account.

(2)   Before recommending any dividend, the Board may set aside out of the profits of the Company such sums as it determines as reserves which shall, at the discretion of the Board, be applicable for any purpose to which the profits of the Company may be properly applied and pending such application may, also at such discretion, either be employed in the business of the Company or be invested in such investments as the Board may from time to time think fit and so that it shall not be necessary to keep any investments constituting the reserve or reserves separate or distinct from any other investments of the Company. The Board may also without placing the same to reserve carry forward any profits which it may think prudent not to distribute.

CAPITALISATION

142.     The Company may, upon the recommendation of the Board, at any time and from time to time pass an ordinary resolution to the effect that it is desirable to capitalise all or any part of any amount for the time being standing to the credit of any reserve or fund (including a share premium account and capital redemption reserve and the profit and loss account) whether or not the same is available for distribution and accordingly that such amount be set free for distribution among the Members or any class of Members who would be entitled thereto if it were distributed by way of dividend and in the same proportions, on the footing that the same is not paid in cash but is applied either in or towards paying up the amounts for the time being unpaid on any shares in the Company held by such Members respectively or in paying up in full unissued shares, debentures or other obligations of the Company, to be allotted and distributed credited as fully paid up among such Members, or partly in one way and partly in the other, and the Board shall give effect to such resolution provided that, for the purposes of this Article, a share premium account and any capital redemption reserve or fund representing unrealised profits, may be applied only in paying up in full unissued shares of the Company to be allotted to such Members credited as fully paid.

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143.     The Board may settle, as it considers appropriate, any difficulty arising in regard to any distribution under the last preceding Article and in particular may issue certificates in respect of fractions of shares or authorise any person to sell and transfer any fractions or may resolve that the distribution should be as nearly as may be practicable in the correct proportion but not exactly so or may ignore fractions altogether, and may determine that cash payments shall be made to any Members in order to adjust the rights of all parties, as may seem expedient to the Board. The Board may appoint any person to sign on behalf of the persons entitled to participate in the distribution any contract necessary or desirable for giving effect thereto and such appointment shall be effective and binding upon the Members.

SUBSCRIPTION RIGHTS RESERVE

144.     The following provisions shall have effect to the extent that they are not prohibited by and are in compliance with the Law:

 
(1)
If, so long as any of the rights attached to any warrants issued by the Company to subscribe for shares of the Company shall remain exercisable, the Company does any act or engages in any transaction which, as a result of any adjustments to the subscription price in accordance with the provisions of the conditions of the warrants, would reduce the subscription price to below the par value of a share, then the following provisions shall apply:

 
(a)
as from the date of such act or transaction the Company shall establish and thereafter (subject as provided in this Article) maintain in accordance with the provisions of this Article a reserve (the “Subscription Rights Reserve”) the amount of which shall at no time be less than the sum which for the time being would be required to be capitalised and applied in paying up in full the nominal amount of the additional shares required to be issued and allotted credited as fully paid pursuant to sub-paragraph (c) below on the exercise in full of all the subscription rights outstanding and shall apply the Subscription Rights Reserve in paying up such additional shares in full as and when the same are allotted;
 
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(b)
the Subscription Rights Reserve shall not be used for any purpose other than that specified above unless all other reserves of the Company (other than share premium account) have been extinguished and will then only be used to make good losses of the Company if and so far as is required by law;

 
(c)
upon the exercise of all or any of the subscription rights represented by any warrant, the relevant subscription rights shall be exercisable in respect of a nominal amount of shares equal to the amount in cash which the holder of such warrant is required to pay on exercise of the subscription rights represented thereby (or, as the case may be the relevant portion thereof in the event of a partial exercise of the subscription rights) and, in addition, there shall be allotted in respect of such subscription rights to the exercising warrantholder, credited as fully paid, such additional nominal amount of shares as is equal to the difference between:

 
(i)
the said amount in cash which the holder of such warrant is required to pay on exercise of the subscription rights represented thereby (or, as the case may be, the relevant portion thereof in the event of a partial exercise of the subscription rights); and
 
 
(ii)
the nominal amount of shares in respect of which such subscription rights would have been exercisable having regard to the provisions of the conditions of the warrants, had it been possible for such subscription rights to represent the right to subscribe for shares at less than par and immediately upon such exercise so much of the sum standing to the credit of the Subscription Rights Reserve as is required to pay up in full such additional nominal amount of shares shall be capitalised and applied in paying up in full such additional nominal amount of shares which shall forthwith be allotted credited as fully paid to the exercising warrantholders; and

 
(d)
if, upon the exercise of the subscription rights represented by any warrant, the amount standing to the credit of the Subscription Rights Reserve is not sufficient to pay up in full such additional nominal amount of shares equal to such difference as aforesaid to which the exercising warrantholder is entitled, the Board shall apply any profits or reserves then or thereafter becoming available (including, to the extent permitted by law, share premium account) for such purpose until such additional nominal amount of shares is paid up and allotted as aforesaid and until then no dividend or other distribution shall be paid or made on the fully paid shares of the Company then in issue. Pending such payment and allotment, the exercising warrantholder shall be issued by the Company with a certificate evidencing his right to the allotment of such additional nominal amount of shares. The rights represented by any such certificate shall be in registered form and shall be transferable in whole or in part in units of one share in the like manner as the shares for the time being are transferable, and the Company shall make such arrangements in relation to the maintenance of a register therefor and other matters in relation thereto as the Board may think fit and adequate particulars thereof shall be made known to each relevant exercising warrantholder upon the issue of such certificate.
 
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(2)   Shares allotted pursuant to the provisions of this Article shall rank pari passu in all respects with the other shares allotted on the relevant exercise of the subscription rights represented by the warrant concerned. Notwithstanding anything contained in paragraph (1) of this Article, no fraction of any share shall be allotted on exercise of the subscription rights.

(3)   The provision of this Article as to the establishment and maintenance of the Subscription Rights Reserve shall not be altered or added to in any way which would vary or abrogate, or which would have the effect of varying or abrogating the provisions for the benefit of any warrantholder or class of warrantholders under this Article without the sanction of a special resolution of such warrantholders or class of warrantholders.
 
(4)   A certificate or report by the auditors for the time being of the Company as to whether or not the Subscription Rights Reserve is required to be established and maintained and if so the amount thereof so required to be established and maintained, as to the purposes for which the Subscription Rights Reserve has been used, as to the extent to which it has been used to make good losses of the Company, as to the additional nominal amount of shares required to be allotted to exercising warrantholders credited as fully paid, and as to any other matter concerning the Subscription Rights Reserve shall (in the absence of manifest error) be conclusive and binding upon the Company and all warrantholders and shareholders.
 
ACCOUNTING RECORDS

145.     The Board shall cause true accounts to be kept of the sums of money received and expended by the Company, and the matters in respect of which such receipt and expenditure take place, and of the property, assets, credits and liabilities of the Company and of all other matters required by the Law or necessary to give a true and fair view of the Company’s affairs and to explain its transactions.

146.     The accounting records shall be kept at the Office or, at such other place or places as the Board decides and shall always be open to inspection by the Directors. No Member (other than a Director) shall have any right of inspecting any accounting record or book or document of the Company except as conferred by law or authorised by the Board or the Company in general meeting.

147.     Subject to Article 148 and only if required by the rules of the Designated Stock Exchange, a printed copy of the Directors’ report, accompanied by the balance sheet and profit and loss account, including every document required by law to be annexed thereto, made up to the end of the applicable financial year and containing a summary of the assets and liabilities of the Company under convenient heads and a statement of income and expenditure, together with a copy of the Auditors’ report, shall be sent to each person entitled thereto at least ten (10) days before the date of the general meeting and laid before the Company at the annual general meeting held in accordance with Article 56 provided that this Article shall not require a copy of those documents to be sent to any person whose address the Company is not aware or to more than one of the joint holders of any shares or debentures.
 
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[148.     Subject to due compliance with all applicable Statutes, rules and regulations, including, without limitation, the rules of the Designated Stock Exchange, and to obtaining all necessary consents, if any, required thereunder, the requirements of Article 146 shall be deemed satisfied in relation to any person by sending to the person in any manner not prohibited by the Statutes, a summary financial statement derived from the Company’s annual accounts and the directors’ report which shall be in the form and containing the information required by applicable laws and regulations, provided that any person who is otherwise entitled to the annual financial statements of the Company and the directors’ report thereon may, if he so requires by notice in writing served on the Company, demand that the Company sends to him, in addition to a summary financial statement, a complete printed copy of the Company’s annual financial statement and the directors’ report thereon.

149.     The requirement to send to a person referred to in Article 146 the documents referred to in that article or a summary financial report in accordance with Article 148 shall be deemed satisfied where, in accordance with all applicable Statutes, rules and regulations, including, without limitation, the rules of the Designated Stock Exchange, the Company publishes copies of the documents referred to in Article 146 and, if applicable, a summary financial report complying with Article 148, on the Company’s computer network or in any other permitted manner (including by sending any form of electronic communication), and that person has agreed or is deemed to have agreed to treat the publication or receipt of such documents in such manner as discharging the Company’s obligation to send to him a copy of such documents.

AUDIT

150.   Subject to applicable law and rules of the Designated Stock Exchange:

(1)   At the annual general meeting or at a subsequent extraordinary general meeting in each year, the Members shall appoint an auditor to audit the accounts of the Company and such auditor shall hold office until the Members appoint another auditor. Such auditor may be a Member but no Director or officer or employee of the Company shall, during his continuance in office, be eligible to act as an auditor of the Company.

(2)   A person, other than a retiring Auditor, shall not be capable of being appointed Auditor at an annual general meeting unless notice in writing of an intention to nominate that person to the office of Auditor has been given not less than fourteen (14) days before the annual general meeting and furthermore, the Company shall send a copy of any such notice to the retiring Auditor.

(3)   The Members may, at any general meeting convened and held in accordance with these Articles, by special resolution remove the Auditor at any time before the expiration of his term of office and shall by ordinary resolution at that meeting appoint another Auditor in his stead for the remainder of his term.
 
151.     Subject to the Law the accounts of the Company shall be audited at least once in every year.
 
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152.     The remuneration of the Auditor shall be fixed by the Company in general meeting or in such manner as the Members may determine.

153.     If the office of auditor becomes vacant by the resignation or death of the Auditor, or by his becoming incapable of acting by reason of illness or other disability at a time when his services are required, the Directors shall fill the vacancy and determine the remuneration of such Auditor.

154.     The Auditor shall at all reasonable times have access to all books kept by the Company and to all accounts and vouchers relating thereto; and he may call on the Directors or officers of the Company for any information in their possession relating to the books or affairs of the Company.

155.     The statement of income and expenditure and the balance sheet provided for by these Articles shall be examined by the Auditor and compared by him with the books, accounts and vouchers relating thereto; and he shall make a written report thereon stating whether such statement and balance sheet are drawn up so as to present fairly the financial position of the Company and the results of its operations for the period under review and, in case information shall have been called for from Directors or officers of the Company, whether the same has been furnished and has been satisfactory. The financial statements of the Company shall be audited by the Auditor in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. The Auditor shall make a written report thereon in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards and the report of the Auditor shall be submitted to the Members in general meeting. The generally accepted auditing standards referred to herein may be those of a country or jurisdiction other than the Cayman Islands. If so, the financial statements and the report of the Auditor should disclose this act and name such country or jurisdiction.
 
NOTICES

156.     Any Notice or document, whether or not, to be given or issued under these Articles from the Company to a Member shall be in writing or by cable, telex or facsimile transmission message or other form of electronic transmission or communication and any such Notice and document may be served or delivered by the Company on or to any Member either personally or by sending it through the post in a prepaid envelope addressed to such Member at his registered address as appearing in the Register or at any other address supplied by him to the Company for the purpose or, as the case may be, by transmitting it to any such address or transmitting it to any telex or facsimile transmission number or electronic number or address or website supplied by him to the Company for the giving of Notice to him or which the person transmitting the notice reasonably and bona fide believes at the relevant time will result in the Notice being duly received by the Member or may also be served by advertisement in appropriate newspapers in accordance with the requirements of the Designated Stock Exchange or, to the extent permitted by the applicable laws, by placing it on the Company’s website and giving to the member a notice stating that the notice or other document is available there (a “notice of availability”). The notice of availability may be given to the Member by any of the means set out above. In the case of joint holders of a share all notices shall be given to that one of the joint holders whose name stands first in the Register and notice so given shall be deemed a sufficient service on or delivery to all the joint holders.
 
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157.     Any Notice or other document:

 
(a)
if served or delivered by post, shall where appropriate be sent by airmail and shall be deemed to have been served or delivered on the day following that on which the envelope containing the same, properly prepaid and addressed, is put into the post; in proving such service or delivery it shall be sufficient to prove that the envelope or wrapper containing the notice or document was properly addressed and put into the post and a certificate in writing signed by the Secretary or other officer of the Company or other person appointed by the Board that the envelope or wrapper containing the notice or other document was so addressed and put into the post shall be conclusive evidence thereof;

 
(b)
if sent by electronic communication, shall be deemed to be given on the day on which it is transmitted from the server of the Company or its agent. A notice placed on the Company’s website is deemed given by the Company to a Member on the day following that on which a notice of availability is deemed served on the Member;

 
(c)
if served or delivered in any other manner contemplated by these Articles, shall be deemed to have been served or delivered at the time of personal service or delivery or, as the case may be, at the time of the relevant despatch or transmission; and in proving such service or delivery a certificate in writing signed by the Secretary or other officer of the Company or other person appointed by the Board as to the act and time of such service, delivery, despatch or transmission shall be conclusive evidence thereof; and

 
(d)
may be given to a Member either in the English language or the Chinese language, subject to due compliance with all applicable Statutes, rules and regulations.

158.           (1)   Any Notice or other document delivered or sent by post to or left at the registered address of any Member in pursuance of these Articles shall, notwithstanding that such Member is then dead or bankrupt or that any other event has occurred, and whether or not the Company has notice of the death or bankruptcy or other event, be deemed to have been duly served or delivered in respect of any share registered in the name of such Member as sole or joint holder unless his name shall, at the time of the service or delivery of the notice or document, have been removed from the Register as the holder of the share, and such service or delivery shall for all purposes be deemed a sufficient service or delivery of such Notice or document on all persons interested (whether jointly with or as claiming through or under him) in the share.

(2)   A notice may be given by the Company to the person entitled to a share in consequence of the death, mental disorder or bankruptcy of a Member by sending it through the post in a prepaid letter, envelope or wrapper addressed to him by name, or by the title of representative of the deceased, or trustee of the bankrupt, or by any like description, at the address, if any, supplied for the purpose by the person claiming to be so entitled, or (until such an address has been so supplied) by giving the notice in any manner in which the same might have been given if the death, mental disorder or bankruptcy had not occurred.
 
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(3)   Any person who by operation of law, transfer or other means whatsoever shall become entitled to any share shall be bound by every notice in respect of such share which prior to his name and address being entered on the Register shall have been duly given to the person from whom he derives his title to such share.


SIGNATURES

159.     For the purposes of these Articles, a cable or telex or facsimile or electronic transmission message purporting to come from a holder of shares or, as the case may be, a Director, or, in the case of a corporation which is a holder of shares from a director or the secretary thereof or a duly appointed attorney or duly authorised representative thereof for it and on its behalf, shall in the absence of express evidence to the contrary available to the person relying thereon at the relevant time be deemed to be a document or instrument in writing signed by such holder or Director in the terms in which it is received.

WINDING UP

160.          (1)   The Board shall have power in the name and on behalf of the Company to present a petition to the court for the Company to be wound up.

(2)   A resolution that the Company be wound up by the court or be wound up voluntarily shall be a special resolution.

161.   (1)   Subject to any special rights, privileges or restrictions as to the distribution of available surplus assets on liquidation for the time being attached to any class or classes of shares (i) if the Company shall be wound up and the assets available for distribution amongst the Members of the Company shall be more than sufficient to repay the whole of the capital paid up at the commencement of the winding up, the excess shall be distributed pari passu amongst such members in proportion to the amount paid up on the shares held by them respectively and (ii) if the Company shall be wound up and the assets available for distribution amongst the Members as such shall be insufficient to repay the whole of the paid-up capital such assets shall be distributed so that, a nearly as may be, the losses shall be borne by the Members in proportion to the capital paid up, or which ought to have been paid up, at the commencement of the winding up on the shares held by them respectively.

(2)   If the Company shall be wound up (whether the liquidation is voluntary or by the court) the liquidator may, with the authority of a special resolution and any other sanction required by the Law, divide among the Members in specie or kind the whole or any part of the assets of the Company and whether or not the assets shall consist of properties of one kind or shall consist of properties to be divided as aforesaid of different kinds, and may for such purpose set such value as he deems fair upon any one or more class or classes of property and may determine how such division shall be carried out as between the Members or different classes of Members. The liquidator may, with the like authority, vest any part of the assets in trustees upon such trusts for the benefit of the Members as the liquidator with the like authority shall think fit, and the liquidation of the Company may be closed and the Company dissolved, but so that no contributory shall be compelled to accept any shares or other property in respect of which there is a liability.
 
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(3)   In the event of winding-up of the Company in the People’s Republic of China, every Member of the Company who is not for the time being in the People’s Republic of China shall be bound, within 14 days after the passing of an effective resolution to wind up the Company voluntarily, or the making of an order for the winding-up of the Company, to serve notice in writing on the Company appointing some person resident in the People’s Republic of China and stating that person’s full name, address and occupation upon whom all summonses, notices, process, orders and judgements in relation to or under the winding-up of the Company may be served, and in default of such nomination the liquidator of the Company shall be at liberty on behalf of such Member to appoint some such person, and service upon any such appointee, whether appointed by the Member or the liquidator, shall be deemed to be good personal service on such Member for all purposes, and, where the liquidator makes any such appointment, he shall with all convenient speed give notice thereof to such Member by advertisement as he shall deem appropriate or by a registered letter sent through the post and addressed to such Member at his address as appearing in the register, and such notice shall be deemed to be service on the day following that on which the advertisement first appears or the letter is posted.

INDEMNITY

162.           (1)   The Directors, Secretary and other officers and every Auditor for the time being of the Company and the liquidator or trustees (if any) for the time being acting in relation to any of the affairs of the Company and everyone of them, and everyone of their heirs, executors and administrators, shall be indemnified and secured harmless out of the assets and profits of the Company from and against all actions, costs, charges, losses, damages and expenses which they or any of them, their or any of their heirs, executors or administrators, shall or may incur or sustain by or by reason of any act done, concurred in or omitted in or about the execution of their duty, or supposed duty, in their respective offices or trusts; and none of them shall be answerable for the acts, receipts, neglects or defaults of the other or others of them or for joining in any receipts for the sake of conformity, or for any bankers or other persons with whom any moneys or effects belonging to the Company shall or may be lodged or deposited for safe custody, or for insufficiency or deficiency of any security upon which any moneys of or belonging to the Company shall be placed out on or invested, or for any other loss, misfortune or damage which may happen in the execution of their respective offices or trusts, or in relation thereto; PROVIDED THAT this indemnity shall not extend to any matter in respect of any fraud or dishonesty which may attach to any of said persons.

(2)   Each Member agrees to waive any claim or right of action he might have, whether individually or by or in the right of the Company, against any Director on account of any action taken by such Director, or the failure of such Director to take any action in the performance of his duties with or for the Company; PROVIDED THAT such waiver shall not extend to any matter in respect of any fraud or dishonesty which may attach to such Director.
 
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AMENDMENT TO MEMORANDUM AND ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION
AND NAME OF COMPANY

163.     No Article shall be rescinded, altered or amended and no new Article shall be made until the same has been approved by a special resolution of the Members. A special resolution shall be required to alter the provisions of the Memorandum of Association or to change the name of the Company.
 
INFORMATION

164.     No Member shall be entitled to require discovery of or any information respecting any detail of the Company’s trading or any matter which is or may be in the nature of a trade secret or secret process which may relate to the conduct of the business of the Company and which in the opinion of the Directors it will be inexpedient in the interests of the members of the Company to communicate to the public.
 
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Exhibit 10.8

Ref. No.: 3770502007 - 100000200
 
Loan Contract
(Summary Translation)
 
Bank of Communication
 


Ref No.: 3770502007 - 100000200

Loan Contract

Borrower:
Fuwei Films (Shandong) Co., Ltd.
Legal Representative:
Xiaoan He
Legal Address:
Hi-Tech Development Zone, Dong Ming Road,
 
Weifang
Correspondence Address:
Same as above
   
Lender:
Weifang Branch, Bank of Communication
Responsible Person:
Kongrui Jiang
Correspondence Address:
358 Dong Fang, Dong Street, Weifang

Both parties agree to the following terms :
 
1
Loan
   
1.1
Currency: Renminbi (RMB)
   
1.2
Amount: 100,000,000
   
1.3
The proceeds of the Loan under this Contract shall be used for industrial working capital.
   
1.4
Loan Period: Commencing from January 15, 2007, to January 15, 2008.

2
Interest Rate and Computation of Interest
   
2.1
Interest rate: 6.732% (√ annually monthly).
   
2.2
Computation of Interest
   
2.2.1
Normal interest = interest rate under this Contract X proceeds of the Loan X number of days of use. Number of days of use is calculated from the drawing date to the maturity date.
 
-2-

 
2.2.2
The penalty interest of the overdue loan and appropriated loan is calculated based on the amount and the actual number of days overdue or appropriated. If the currency of the loan is Renminbi (RMB), the overdue penalty interest rate is equal to the loan interest rate set forth in this Contract plus 50% of such loan’s interest rate, and the appropriated penalty interest rate is equal to the loan interest rate set forth in this Contract plus 100% of such loan interest rate. If the currency of the loan is a foreign currency, the aforesaid penalty interest rates are equal to the loan interest rate set forth in this Contract plus 20% of such loan interest rate.
   
2.3
The loan under this Contract uses the second (2 nd ) method mentioned below for payment of interest. On the maturity date, the interest shall be paid together with the principal. The date of payment of interest is the date of the settlement of interest:
     
 
1.
Interest settlement on the 20 th day of the last month of each quarter; or
     
 
2.
Interest settlement on the 20 th day of each month.
   
3
Granting and Repayment of Loan
   
3.1
Borrower shall start the related procedure three (3) business days prior to drawing the proceeds of the Loan in accordance with the following loan drawing schedule: (N/A)
 
    Drawing Date                Drawing Amount
___ day ___ month ___ Year; _______________(amount in capitalization )
___ day ___ month ___ Year; _______________(amount in capitalization )
___ day ___ month ___ Year; _______________(amount in capitalization )
___ day ___ month ___ Year; _______________(amount in capitalization )
 
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3.2
Unless all of the following conditions are satisfied, Lender has the right to refuse to grant the Loan:
     
 
1.
Borrower has already completed the statutory procedures including obtaining related permit, approval and registration from the government and such permit, approval and registration remain in full force and effect.
     
 
2.
The guarantee contract (if any) under this Contract has come into effect and remains in full force and effect.
     
 
3.
The financial condition of the Borrower does not have any substantial adverse changes; and
     
 
4.
Borrower is not in breach of this Contract.
   
3.3
The actual drawing date and drawing amount shall be in accordance with the promissory note.
   
3.4
Borrower shall not repay the Loan prior to the scheduled date without having a written consent from Lender.
   
4
Representation and Guarantee of the Borrower
   
4.1
Borrower is an independent entity and has the necessary contractual capacity to perform this Contract and will be liable for its non-performance of its obligations hereunder.
   
4.2
The execution and performance of this Contract is the true intention of the Borrower, and the Borrower has all necessary consents, approvals and authorizations to perform its obligations.
   
4.3
All the documents, reports, data and information provided by the Borrower to the Lender during the execution and performance of this Contract are true, accurate, complete and in full effect, and Borrower has not withheld any information which may affect the evaluation of its financial status and repayment ability.
 
-4-

 
5
Rights and Obligations of Lender
 
5.1
Lender has the right to be repaid the principal, receive interest (including compound, overdue and appropriated penalty interest) and the necessary expenses from the Borrower in accordance with this Contract. Lender has the right to exercise any other rights under the relevant laws and regulations or stipulated in this Contract.
   
5.2
Except as otherwise specified under this contract, Lender shall keep all the financial and operation data and information confidential unless compelled by requirements of applicable laws and regulations.
 
6
Rights and Obligations of Borrower
 
6.1
Borrower shall repay the Loan under this Contract and pay the interest hereunder in accordance with the date, amount, currency set forth in this Contract.
   
6.2
Borrower shall not use the proceeds of the Loan for any usage not stipulated in this Contract.
   
6.3
Borrower shall be liable for the expenses under this Contract, including but not limited to, expenses for notary service, authentication, evaluation and registration.
   
6.4
Borrower shall comply with the operation procedure and the general practice of the Lender and loan application, including but not limited to, facilitating Lender’s examination and supervision on Borrower’s operation status, and providing all the financial statements, or any other data and information requested by Lender, and shall guarantee that such documents, data and information are true, complete and accurate.
   
6.5
If any one of the following events occurs, Borrower shall notify the Lender within thirty (30) days and shall not commence such activities unless the Loan and interest under this Contract are repaid completely, or a repayment schedule and guarantee are approved and accepted by the Lender. These are as follows:
     
 
1.
Selling, donating, renting, lending, assigning, mortgaging, pledging or disposing of all or substantial part of its assets.
 
-5-

 
 
2.
Any substantial changes in organization or structure of the Borrower, including but not limited to, its operation, subcontracting, lease, affiliation, company restructuring, joint-stock, merger (consolidation), equity joint-venture (non-equity), spin-off, incorporation of subsidiary, asset assignment, reduction of registered capital, etc.
   
6.6
Borrower shall notify the Lender within seven (7) days of occurrence of any of the following events:
     
 
1.
Amendment of the Articles of Association, change of Borrower’s name, change of legal representative , change of domicile, change of address, and change in the scope of its business.
     
 
2.
Borrower or Guarantor’s (if any) intention to file for bankruptcy.
     
 
3.
Borrower’s involvement in any major litigation or arbitration, or any lien or encumbrance is imposed on its assets.
     
 
4.
Borrower’s guarantee to any other third party, which will have an adverse effect on its financial status and ability to perform its obligations under this Contract.
     
 
5.
Borrower enters into a contract which will have a material adverse effect on its operation and financial status.
     
 
6.
Borrower or Guarantor (if any) stops its operation, its business terminates or its business license is revoked.
     
 
7.
Borrower’s legal representative or senior management has committed a criminal offence.
     
 
8.
Borrower faces substantial hardship in managing its business or any other event which will have an adverse effect on the financial status or ability of the Borrower to repay the Loan.
 
-6-

 
6.7
Any changes to the form of collateral under this Contract that may have adverse effect on Lender’s right shall be made upon Lender’s consent.
 
7
Maturity Repayment of the Loan before the Maturity Date
 
7.1
In the event of the occurrence of any of the following events, Lender has the right to suspend the drawing of the proceeds of the Loan and require repayment of the principal of the Loan partially or completely before the maturity date and demand that the Borrower repay the principal of the Loan and pay the interest hereunder. These are as follows:
     
 
1.
Borrower’s representations and warranties in Section 4 are not true;
     
 
2.
Borrower is in breach of this Contract;
     
 
3.
The events set forth in Section 6.6 have occurred and Lender believes that such event will have a material adverse effect on its rights as a creditor; or
     
 
4.
Borrower has delayed its performance or is in breach of other contracts entered into between Borrower and Lender, and has not provided the Lender with any remedy upon notification by Lender.
 
8
Breach of Contract
 
8.1
In the event that Borrower fails to repay the principal or interest in full in a timely fashion, or to use the proceeds of the Loan as set forth in this Contract, Lender has the right to use the overdue penalty interest rate and appropriate penalty interest rate to calculate the interest.
   
8.2
In the event that Borrower fails to repay the principal or interest in full in a timely fashion, Borrower shall be liable for the Lender’s expenses in exercising its creditor’s rights, including litigation cost (arbitration fee), costs of preservation of asset, costs of publication, enforcement costs, legal fees, travel and other expenses.
 
-7-

  
8.3
In the event that Borrower avoids Lender’s supervision, fails to repay the principal or the interest of the Loan or avoids the repayment intentionally, Lender has the right to inform relevant government authority and to publish the payment notification in the news media.
 
9
Withdrawal Instruction
 
9.1
In the event that Borrower is overdue in payment in respect of principal, interest, penalty interest, compound interest or other expenses, Lender is authorized to withdraw the money from any other bank accounts of Borrower with Bank of Communication to setoff the said outstanding payment.
 
9.2
After the aforesaid withdrawal, Lender shall inform the Borrower of such account number, loan contract reference number, promissory note reference number, amount of withdrawal, and the outstanding Loan amount.
 
9.3
If the amount of withdrawal is not sufficient to setoff the aforesaid payment, the overdue expenses shall be settled first. If the principal and interest are overdue for less than ninety (90) days, the remaining balance shall be first used to settle the overdue interest, penalty interest and compound interest, then shall be used to settle the overdue principal. In the event that the overdue payment or interest is overdue for more than ninety (90) days, the remaining balance shall be used to settle the overdue principal, then shall be used to settle the overdue interest, penalty interest or compound interest.
 
9.4
If the currency of the aforesaid withdrawal amount is different from the currency of the Loan, the exchange rate determined by Bank of Communication on the date of withdrawal shall be used for the currency conversion calculation.
 
10
Dispute Resolution
 
10.1
Any dispute arising from or in connection with this Contract shall be resolved by the first method listed below:
 
 
1.
File a lawsuit to the competent court in the place where Lender is located; or
 
-8-

 
 
2.
Submit the disputes to _____________________ arbitration committee for arbitration in accordance with the currently effective arbitration rules of such committee. The arbitral award is final and is legally binding upon both Parties.

11
Miscellaneous
 
11.1
This Contract comes into effect upon both Parties’ execution of this contract.
 
11.2
This Contract is executed in five (5) counterparts. Each of the Parties and Guarantor shall keep one counterpart.
 
IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have executed this Contract as of the day and year first set forth below.

January 15, 2007
January 15, 2007
   
Borrower (seal):
Lender (seal):
   
Legal Representative or Authorized Person
Responsible Person or Authorized Person
   
Xiaoan He
Bank of Communication
   
(signature or seal)
(signature or seal)
 
-9-

 

Exhibit 10.9

Ref. No.: 3770502007 - 10000 0000
 
Loan Contract
(Summary Translation)
 
Bank of Communication
 


Ref No.: 3770502007 - 10000 0000

Loan Contract

Borrower:
Fuwei Films (Shandong) Co., Ltd.
Legal Representative:
Xiaoan He
Legal Address:
Hi-Tech Development Zone, Dong Ming Road,
Weifang
Correspondence Address:
Same as above
   
Lender:
Weifang Branch, Bank of Communication
Responsible Person:
Kongrui Jiang
Correspondence Address:
358 Dong Fang, Dong Street, Weifang
 
Both parties agree to the following terms :
 
1
Loan
 
1.1
Currency: Renminbi (RMB)
 
1.2
Amount: 52,590,000
 
1.3
The proceeds of the Loan under this Contract shall be used for industrial working capital.
 
1.4
Loan Period: Commencing from January 15, 2007, to January 15, 2008.

2
Interest Rate and Computation of Interest
 
2.1
Interest rate: 6.732% (√ annually monthly).
 
2.2
Computation of Interest
 
2.2.1
Normal interest = interest rate under this Contract X proceeds of the Loan X number of days of use. Number of days of use is calculated from the drawing date to the maturity date.
 
-2-

 
2.2.2
The penalty interest of the overdue loan and appropriated loan is calculated based on the amount and the actual number of days overdue or appropriated. If the currency of the loan is Renminbi (RMB), the overdue penalty interest rate is equal to the loan interest rate set forth in this Contract plus 50% of such loan’s interest rate, and the appropriated penalty interest rate is equal to the loan interest rate set forth in this Contract plus 100% of such loan interest rate. If the currency of the loan is a foreign currency, the aforesaid penalty interest rates are equal to the loan interest rate set forth in this Contract plus 20% of such loan interest rate.
 
2.3
The loan under this Contract uses the second (2 nd ) method mentioned below for payment of interest. On the maturity date, the interest shall be paid together with the principal. The date of payment of interest is the date of the settlement of interest:
 
 
1.
Interest settlement on the 20 th day of the last month of each quarter; or
 
 
2.
Interest settlement on the 20 th day of each month.
 
3
Granting and Repayment of Loan
 
3.1
Borrower shall start the related procedure three (3) business days prior to drawing the proceeds of the Loan in accordance with the following loan drawing schedule: (N/A)
 
    Drawing Date                   Drawing Amount
___ day ___ month ___ Year; _______________(amount in capitalization )
___ day ___ month ___ Year; _______________(amount in capitalization )
___ day ___ month ___ Year; _______________(amount in capitalization )
___ day ___ month ___ Year; _______________(amount in capitalization )
 
-3-


3.2
Unless all of the following conditions are satisfied, Lender has the right to refuse to grant the Loan:
 
 
1.
Borrower has already completed the statutory procedures including obtaining related permit, approval and registration from the government and such permit, approval and registration remain in full force and effect.
 
 
2.
The guarantee contract (if any) under this Contract has come into effect and remains in full force and effect.
 
 
3.
The financial condition of the Borrower does not have any substantial adverse changes; and
 
 
4.
Borrower is not in breach of this Contract.
 
3.3
The actual drawing date and drawing amount shall be in accordance with the promissory note.
 
3.4
Borrower shall not repay the Loan prior to the scheduled date without having a written consent from Lender.
 
4
Representation and Guarantee of the Borrower
 
4.1
Borrower is an independent entity and has the necessary contractual capacity to perform this Contract and will be liable for its non-performance of its obligations hereunder.
 
4.2
The execution and performance of this Contract is the true intention of the Borrower, and the Borrower has all necessary consents, approvals and authorizations to perform its obligations.
 
4.3
All the documents, reports, data and information provided by the Borrower to the Lender during the execution and performance of this Contract are true, accurate, complete and in full effect, and Borrower has not withheld any information which may affect the evaluation of its financial status and repayment ability.
 
-4-

 
5
Rights and Obligations of Lender
 
5.1
Lender has the right to be repaid the principal, receive interest (including compound, overdue and appropriated penalty interest) and the necessary expenses from the Borrower in accordance with this Contract. Lender has the right to exercise any other rights under the relevant laws and regulations or stipulated in this Contract.
 
5.2
Except as otherwise specified under this contract, Lender shall keep all the financial and operation data and information confidential unless compelled by requirements of applicable laws and regulations.
 
6
Rights and Obligations of Borrower
 
6.1
Borrower shall repay the Loan under this Contract and pay the interest hereunder in accordance with the date, amount, currency set forth in this Contract.
 
6.2
Borrower shall not use the proceeds of the Loan for any usage not stipulated in this Contract.
 
6.3
Borrower shall be liable for the expenses under this Contract, including but not limited to, expenses for notary service, authentication, evaluation and registration.
 
6.4
Borrower shall comply with the operation procedure and the general practice of the Lender and loan application, including but not limited to, facilitating Lender’s examination and supervision on Borrower’s operation status, and providing all the financial statements, or any other data and information requested by Lender, and shall guarantee that such documents, data and information are true, complete and accurate.
 
6.5
If any one of the following events occurs, Borrower shall notify the Lender within thirty (30) days and shall not commence such activities unless the Loan and interest under this Contract are repaid completely, or a repayment schedule and guarantee are approved and accepted by the Lender. These are as follows:
 
 
1.
Selling, donating, renting, lending, assigning, mortgaging, pledging or disposing of all or substantial part of its assets.
 
-5-

 
 
2.
Any substantial changes in organization or structure of the Borrower, including but not limited to, its operation, subcontracting, lease, affiliation, company restructuring, joint-stock, merger (consolidation), equity joint-venture (non-equity), spin-off, incorporation of subsidiary, asset assignment, reduction of registered capital, etc.
 
6.6
Borrower shall notify the Lender within seven (7) days of occurrence of any of the following events:
 
 
1.
Amendment of the Articles of Association, change of Borrower’s name, change of legal representative , change of domicile, change of address, and change in the scope of its business.
 
 
2.
Borrower or Guarantor’s (if any) intention to file for bankruptcy.
 
 
3.
Borrower’s involvement in any major litigation or arbitration, or any lien or encumbrance is imposed on its assets.
 
 
4.
Borrower’s guarantee to any other third party, which will have an adverse effect on its financial status and ability to perform its obligations under this Contract.
 
 
5.
Borrower enters into a contract which will have a material adverse effect on its operation and financial status.
 
 
6.
Borrower or Guarantor (if any) stops its operation, its business terminates or its business license is revoked.
 
 
7.
Borrower’s legal representative or senior management has committed a criminal offence.
 
 
8.
Borrower faces substantial hardship in managing its business or any other event which will have an adverse effect on the financial status or ability of the Borrower to repay the Loan.
 
-6-

 
6.7
Any changes to the form of collateral under this Contract that may have adverse effect on Lender’s right shall be made upon Lender’s consent.
 
7
Maturity Repayment of the Loan before the Maturity Date
 
7.1
In the event of the occurrence of any of the following events, Lender has the right to suspend the drawing of the proceeds of the Loan and require repayment of the principal of the Loan partially or completely before the maturity date and demand that the Borrower repay the principal of the Loan and pay the interest hereunder. These are as follows:
 
 
1.
Borrower’s representations and warranties in Section 4 are not true;
 
 
2.
Borrower is in breach of this Contract;
 
 
3.
The events set forth in Section 6.6 have occurred and Lender believes that such event will have a material adverse effect on its rights as a creditor; or
 
 
4.
Borrower has delayed its performance or is in breach of other contracts entered into between Borrower and Lender, and has not provided the Lender with any remedy upon notification by Lender.
 
8
Breach of Contract
 
8.1
In the event that Borrower fails to repay the principal or interest in full in a timely fashion, or to use the proceeds of the Loan as set forth in this Contract, Lender has the right to use the overdue penalty interest rate and appropriate penalty interest rate to calculate the interest.
 
8.2
In the event that Borrower fails to repay the principal or interest in full in a timely fashion, Borrower shall be liable for the Lender’s expenses in exercising its creditor’s rights, including litigation cost (arbitration fee), costs of preservation of asset, costs of publication, enforcement costs, legal fees, travel and other expenses.
 
-7-

 
8.3
In the event that Borrower avoids Lender’s supervision, fails to repay the principal or the interest of the Loan or avoids the repayment intentionally, Lender has the right to inform relevant government authority and to publish the payment notification in the news media.
 
9   Withdrawal Instruction
 
9.1
In the event that Borrower is overdue in payment in respect of principal, interest, penalty interest, compound interest or other expenses, Lender is authorized to withdraw the money from any other bank accounts of Borrower with Bank of Communication to setoff the said outstanding payment.
 
9.2
After the aforesaid withdrawal, Lender shall inform the Borrower of such account number, loan contract reference number, promissory note reference number, amount of withdrawal, and the outstanding Loan amount.
 
9.3
If the amount of withdrawal is not sufficient to setoff the aforesaid payment, the overdue expenses shall be settled first. If the principal and interest are overdue for less than ninety (90) days, the remaining balance shall be first used to settle the overdue interest, penalty interest and compound interest, then shall be used to settle the overdue principal. In the event that the overdue payment or interest is overdue for more than ninety (90) days, the remaining balance shall be used to settle the overdue principal, then shall be used to settle the overdue interest, penalty interest or compound interest.
 
9.4
If the currency of the aforesaid withdrawal amount is different from the currency of the Loan, the exchange rate determined by Bank of Communication on the date of withdrawal shall be used for the currency conversion calculation.
 
10
Dispute Resolution
 
10.1
Any dispute arising from or in connection with this Contract shall be resolved by the first method listed below:
 
 
1.
File a lawsuit to the competent court in the place where Lender is located; or
 
-8-

 
 
2.
Submit the disputes to _____________________ arbitration committee for arbitration in accordance with the currently effective arbitration rules of such committee. The arbitral award is final and is legally binding upon both Parties.

11
Miscellaneous
 
11.1
This Contract comes into effect upon both Parties’ execution of this contract.
 
11.2
This Contract is executed in five (5) counterparts. Each of the Parties and Guarantor shall keep one counterpart.
 
IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have executed this Contract as of the day and year first set forth below.
 
January 15, 2007
January 15, 2007
   
Borrower (seal):
Lender (seal):
   
Legal Representative or Authorized Person
Responsible Person or Authorized Person
   
Xiaoan He
Bank of Communication
   
(signature or seal)
(signature or seal)
 
-9-

 
EXHIBIT 14.1
 
CODE OF ETHICS
 
FUWEI FILMS (HOLDINGS) CO., LTD.
 
CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT AND ETHICS
 
For Employees, Officers and Directors
 
Introduction
 
To further the fundamental principles of honesty, loyalty, fairness and forthrightness of Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd. (“Fuwei”), we have established the Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd. Code of Business Conduct and Ethics. Our Code strives to deter wrongdoing and promote the following six objectives:
 
·  
Honest and ethical conduct;
 
·  
Avoidance of conflicts of interest between personal and professional relationships;
 
·  
Full, fair, accurate, timely and transparent disclosure in periodic reports required to be filed by Fuwei with the Securities and Exchange Commission and in other public communications made by Fuwei;
 
·  
Compliance with the applicable government regulations;
 
·  
Prompt internal reporting of Code violations; and
 
·  
Accountability for compliance with the Code.
 
Accounting Controls, Procedures & Records
 
Applicable laws and company policy require Fuwei to keep books and records that accurately and fairly reflect its transactions and the dispositions of its assets. In this regard, our financial executives shall:
 
·  
Provide information that is accurate, complete, objective, relevant, timely and understandable.
 
·  
Comply with rules and regulations of federal, state, provincial and local governments, and other appropriate private and public regulatory agencies.
 
·  
Act in good faith, responsibly, with due care, competence and diligence, without misrepresenting material facts or allowing independent judgment to be subordinated.
 
 
 

 
 
All directors, officers, employees and other persons are prohibited from directly or indirectly falsifying or causing to be false or misleading any financial or accounting book, record or account. Furthermore, no director, officer or employee of Fuwei may directly or indirectly:
 
·  
Make or cause to be made a materially false or misleading statement, or
 
·  
Omit to state, or cause another person to omit to state, any material fact necessary to make statements made not misleading in connection with the audit of financial statements by independent accountants, the preparation of any required reports whether by independent or internal accountants, or any other work which involves or relates to the filing of a document with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
 
Bribery
 
The offering, promising, or giving of money, gifts, loans, rewards, favors or anything of value to any supplier, customer or governmental official is strictly prohibited.
 
Communications
 
It is very important that the information disseminated about Fuwei be both accurate and consistent. For this reason, certain of our executive officers who have been designated as authorized spokespersons per our policy regarding compliance with Regulation FD are responsible for our internal and external communications, including public communications with stockholders, analysts and other interested members of the financial community. Employees should refer all outside requests for information to the authorized spokespersons.
 
Computer and Information Systems
 
For business purposes, officers and employees are provided telephones and computer workstations and software, including network access to computing systems such as the Internet and e-mail, to improve personal productivity and to efficiently manage proprietary information in a secure and reliable manner. You must obtain the permission from our Information Technology Services department to install any software on any company computer or connect any personal laptop to the Fuwei network. As with other equipment and assets of Fuwei, we are each responsible for the appropriate use of these assets. Except for limited personal use of Fuwei’s telephones and computer/e-mail, such equipment may be used only for business purposes. Officers and employees should not expect a right to privacy of their e-mail. All e-mails on company equipment are subject to monitoring by Fuwei.
 
Confidential or Proprietary Information
 
Company policy prohibits employees from disclosing confidential or proprietary information outside Fuwei, either during or after employment, without company authorization to do so. Unless otherwise agreed to in writing, confidential and proprietary information includes any and all methods, inventions, improvements or discoveries, whether or not patentable or copyrightable, and any other information of a similar nature disclosed to the directors, officers or employees of Fuwei or otherwise made known to us as a consequence of or through employment or association with Fuwei (including information originated by the director, officer or employee). This can include, but is not limited to, information regarding our business, research, development, inventions, trade secrets, intellectual property of any type or description, data, business plans, marketing strategies and contract negotiations.
 
 
 

 
 
Conflicts of Interest
 
Company policy prohibits conflicts between the interests of its employees, officers, directors and Fuwei. A conflict of interest exists when an employee, officer, or director’s personal interest interferes or may interfere with the interests of the company. Conflicts of interest may not always be clear, so if an employee has a concern that a conflict of interest may exist, they should consult with higher levels of management, and in the case of officers and directors, they should consult with a member of the Audit Committee. When it is deemed to be in the best interests of Fuwei and its shareholders, the Audit Committee may grant waivers to employees, officers and directors who have disclosed an actual or potential conflict of interest. Such waivers are subject to approval by the Board of Directors.
 
Fraud
 
Company policy prohibits fraud of any type or description.
 
Inside Information
 
Company policy and applicable laws prohibit disclosure of material inside information to anyone outside Fuwei without a specific business reason for them to know. It is unlawful and against company policy for anyone possessing inside information to use such information for personal gain. Fuwei’s policies with respect to the use and disclosure of material non-public information are more particularly set forth in Fuwei’s Insider Trading Policy.
 
Political Contributions
 
Company policy prohibits the use of company, personal or other funds or resources on behalf of Fuwei for political or other purposes which are improper or prohibited by the applicable federal, state, local or foreign laws, rules or regulations. Company contributions or expenditures in connection with election campaigns will be permitted where allowed by federal, state, local or foreign election laws, rules and regulations.
 
Reporting and Non-Retaliation
 
Employees who have evidence of any violations of this code are encouraged and expected to report them to their supervisor, and in the case of officers and directors, they should report evidence of any such violations to a member of the Audit Committee. Such reports will be investigated in reference to applicable laws and company policy. Violations of this Code or any other unlawful acts by our officers, directors or employees may subject the individual to dismissal from employment and/or fines, imprisonment and civil litigation according to applicable laws.
 
 
 

 
 
We will not allow retaliation against an employee for reporting a possible violation of this Code in good faith. Retaliation for reporting a federal offense is illegal under federal law and prohibited under this Code. Retaliation for reporting any violation of a law, rule or regulation or a provision of this Code is prohibited. Retaliation will result in discipline up to and including termination of employment and may also result in criminal prosecution.
 
Waivers
 
There shall be no waiver of any part of this Code for any director or officer except by a vote of the Board of Directors or a designated board committee that will ascertain whether a waiver is appropriate under all the circumstances. In case a waiver of this Code is granted to a director or officer, the notice of such waiver shall be posted on our website within five days of the Board of Director’s vote or shall be otherwise disclosed as required by applicable law or the rules of any stock exchange on which our securities may be listed or quoted for trading. Notices posted on our website shall remain there for a period of 12 months and shall be retained in our files as required by law.
 
     
Approved By The Board of Directors
March 27, 2007
 
 
 

EXHIBIT 21.1
 
The following is a list of all of the Company’s significant subsidiaries, their jurisdiction of incorporation and the names under which they do business, if different from their name.
 
Company
 
Jurisdiction
 
Any other name under which they do business
Fuwei Films (Shandong) Co., Ltd.
 
China
   
Fuwei (BVI) Co., Ltd.
 
British Virgin Islands
   
 
 
 

 
 
EXHIBIT 31.1
 
CERTIFICATION BY PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT TO RULES 13a-14 and 15d-14
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
I, Xiaoan He, certify that:
 
1.
I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 of Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd. (the “Registrant”);
 
2.
Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this annual report;
 
3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements and other financial information included in this annual report fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this annual report;
 
4.
The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14) for the Registrant and have:
 
(a)
designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that material information relating to the Registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this annual report is being prepared;
 
(b)
evaluated the effectiveness of the Registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days prior to the filing date of this annual report (the “Evaluation Date”); and
 
(c)
presented in this annual report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on our evaluation as of the Evaluation Date;
 
5.
The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the Registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function):
 
(a)
all significant deficiencies in the design or operation of internal controls which could adversely affect the Registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data and have identified for the Registrant’s auditors any material weaknesses in internal controls; and
 
(b)
any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Registrant’s internal controls; and
 
6.
The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I have indicated in this annual report whether or not there were significant changes in internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect internal controls subsequent to the date of our most recent evaluation, including any corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses.
 
Date: April 2, 2007
 
       
/s/ Xiaoan He      

Name: Xiaoan He
Title: Chief Executive Officer
   
 

 
EXHIBIT 31.2
 
CERTIFICATION BY PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO RULES 13a-14 and 15d-14
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
I, Lin Tang, certify that:
 
1.
I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 of Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd. (the “Registrant”);
 
2.
Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this annual report;
 
3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements and other financial information included in this annual report fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this annual report;
 
4.
The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14) for the Registrant and have:
 
(a)
designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that material information relating to the Registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this annual report is being prepared;
 
(b)
evaluated the effectiveness of the Registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days prior to the filing date of this annual report (the “Evaluation Date”); and
 
(c)
presented in this annual report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on our evaluation as of the Evaluation Date;
 
5.
The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the Registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function):
 
(a)
all significant deficiencies in the design or operation of internal controls which could adversely affect the Registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data and have identified for the registrant’s auditors any material weaknesses in internal controls; and
 
(b)
any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Registrant’s internal controls; and
 
6.
The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I have indicated in this annual report whether or not there were significant changes in internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect internal controls subsequent to the date of our most recent evaluation, including any corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses.
 
Date: April 2, 2007
 
       
/s/ Lin Tang      

Name: Lin Tang
Title: Chief Financial Officer
   
 

 
EXHIBIT 32.1
 
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
 
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
 
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
 
In connection with the Annual Report of Fuwei Films (Holdings) Co., Ltd. (the “Company”) on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2006, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), we, Xiaoan He and Lin Tang, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, respectively certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 that, to the best of our knowledge:
 
(1)
The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
 
(2)
The information contained in the report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
 
Pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, this certification is being furnished and not deemed filed.
 
April 2, 2007
 
       
/s/ Xiaoan He      

Xiaoan He
Chief Executive Officer
   
 
       
/s/ Lin Tang      

Lin Tang
Chief Financial Officer
   
 
A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.