PART
I
ITEM
1. BUSINESS
Through Huayang Dye and Huayang
Electric Power (collectively, the “Huayang Companies”), we are engaged in two
business segments — the dyeing and finishing equipment segment, in which we
manufacture and sell textile dyeing and finishing machines and the forged rolled
rings and electric power equipment segment, in which we manufacture and sell
high precision forged rolled rings for the wind power industry and other
industries and we manufacture specialty equipment used in the production of coal
generated electricity. In August 2008, we formed a new wholly-owned
subsidiary, Wuxi Fulland Wind Energy Equipment Co., Ltd. We intend to
conduct our wind power and rolled ring business through this subsidiary, and, in
this connection, we plan to transfer all of our operations related to the
manufacture of high precision forged rolled rings for use in the wind-generated
power and for other industries to Fulland Wind Energy during 2009.
Through
our dyeing and finishing segment, we design, manufacture and distribute a line
of proprietary high and low temperature dye and finishing machinery. Our
products feature a high degree of both automation and mechanical-electrical
integration. Our products are widely used in dyeing yarns such as pure cotton,
cotton-polyester, terylene, polyester wool, poly-acrylic fiber, nylon, cotton
ramie, and wool yarn.
Through
our forged rolled rings and electrical power equipment segment, we design,
manufacture and sell both standard and custom auxiliary equipment used to
improve and promote efficient coal use at both coking and power plants. Our
products are available in a variety of metals and non-metallic
corrosion-resistant materials. In addition to this standard equipment, we also
design and manufacture specialty equipment made to customers’ specifications.
Our experience in manufacturing auxiliary electrical equipment has provided us
with the opportunity to enter into other areas of the industry. In 2007, we
began to focus our efforts on manufacturing high precision forged rolled rings
for use in the wind-generated power and for other industries. Sales of forged
rolled rings to the wind power and other industries represented approximately
41.4% of our total net revenues in 2008 and 7.8% in 2007. We believe both of
these businesses will have key roles to play in the next phase in China’s
evolving electrical power equipment industry.
Our
rolled rings are essentially hollow cylindrical sections forged from a stainless
steel stock piece with varying thickness and height; the rings are created from
the forging process. Forging is a manufacturing process where metal is pressed,
pounded or squeezed under great pressure into high strength parts. Rolled ring
forging turns a hollow round piece of metal under extreme pressure against a
rotating roller, thereby squeezing out a single-piece ring without any welding
required. We believe that there is a market for our rolled rings in the wind
power industry.
Historically,
the manufacturing of textile dyeing and finishing machines has been our
principal source of business. For the year ended December 31, 2008,
the dyeing and finishing equipment segment accounted for revenues of
approximately $22.5 million, or 53.1% of revenues, and the electrical equipment
segment accounted for revenues of approximately $19.8 million, or 46.9% of
revenues. For the year ended December 31, 2007, dyeing and finishing
equipment segment accounted for revenues of approximately $19.8 million, or
81.1% of revenues and the forged rolled rings and electric equipment segment
accounted for revenues of approximately $4.6million, or 18.9% of
revenues. Due to current global economic downturn and the gradual
shifting of textile manufacturing away from China to other lower-cost countries,
we expect revenue from the dyeing and finishing equipment segment of our
business to continue to decline. We believe that our forging
business, as it relates to the wind power industry, could benefit from the
announced position of the government of China to promote an increase the use of
wind power.
Organization
We were
incorporated in Delaware on June 24, 1987 under the name Malex, Inc. We changed
our corporate name to China Wind Systems, Inc. on December 18, 2007. At the time
of the reverse acquisition, described below, we were not engaged in any business
activities and we were considered to be a blank-check shell
company.
We are the sole stockholder of Fulland
Limited, a Cayman Islands limited liability company. Fulland owns 100% of the
capital stock of Green Power Environment Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., and
Wuxi Fulland Wind Energy Equipment Co., Ltd., which are wholly foreign-owned
enterprises organized under the laws of the People’s Republic of China. Green
Power is a party to a series of contractual arrangements dated October 12, 2007
with the Huayang Companies, both of which are limited liability companies
organized under the laws of the PRC, and their stockholders. Our corporate
organizational structure, including the contractual arrangements with the
Huayang Companies, is designed to comply with certain laws and regulations of
the PRC which restrict the manner in which Chinese companies, particularly
companies owned by Chinese residents, may raise funds from non-Chinese
sources.
Our
executive offices are located No. 9 Yanyu Middle Road, Qianzhou Village, Huishan
District, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, China 214181, telephone (86)
51083397559. Our website is
www.chinawindsystems.com. Information on our website of any other
website does not constitute a part of this annual report.
Reverse
Acquisition
On
November 13, 2007, we, then known as Malex, Inc., acquired Fulland in a
transaction in which we issued 36,577,704 shares of common stock to the former
stockholders of Fulland and purchased 8,006,490 shares of common stock from our
then-principal stockholder and cancelled such shares. The exchange was treated
as a recapitalization that gave effect to the share exchange agreement. Under
generally accepted accounting principles, our acquisition of Fulland is
considered to be capital transactions in substance, rather than a business
combination. That is, the acquisition is equivalent to the acquisition by
Fulland of us, with the issuance of stock by Fulland for the net monetary assets
of Malex. This transaction is accompanied by a recapitalization, and is
accounted for as a change in capital structure. Accordingly, the accounting for
the acquisition is identical to that resulting from a reverse acquisition. Under
reverse takeover accounting, our historical financial statements are those of
the Fulland, which is treated as the acquiring party for accounting purposes.
Since Fulland and Green Power were not engaged in any business activities, our
financial statements for periods prior to the closing of the reverse acquisition
reflect only business of the Huayang Companies. The financial statements reflect
the recapitalization of the stockholders’ equity as if the transactions occurred
as of the beginning of the first period presented.
Corporate
Structure
We own
all of the capital stock of Fulland, which owns all of the capital stock of
Green Power and Fulland Wind Energy. Green Power has a series of
contractual agreements with the Huayang Companies. Additionally, on
August 27, 2008, we incorporated Wuxi Fulland Wind Energy Equipment Co., Ltd.
(“Fulland Wind Energy”).
The
following chart summarizes our organizational and ownership
structure.
Our
Business
We are a
holding company, and all of our operations are conducted by our Chinese
subsidiary, Green Power and our affiliated companies, Huayang Dye and Huayang
Electrical. PRC law currently has limits on foreign ownership of
certain companies. To comply with these foreign ownership restrictions, we
operate our businesses in the PRC through the Huayang Companies. We intend to
operate our wind power and rolled ring business through Fulland Wind Energy and,
in this connection, we plan to transfer all of our operations and assets related
to the manufacture of high precision forged rolled rings for use in the
wind-generated power and for other industries to Fulland Wind Energy during
2009.
Each of
the Huayang Companies and Fulland Wind Energy has the licenses and approvals
necessary to operate its business in the PRC. We have contractual arrangements
with the Huayang Companies and their respective stockholders pursuant to which
we provide these companies with technology consulting and other general business
operation services. Through these contractual arrangements, we also have the
ability to substantially influence these companies’ daily operations and
financial affairs, appoint their senior executives and approve all matters
requiring stockholder approval. As a result of these contractual arrangements,
which enable us to control the Huayang Companies, we are considered the primary
beneficiary of the Huayang Companies. Accordingly, we consolidate the results,
assets and liabilities of the Huayang Companies in our financial
statements.
Contractual
Arrangements with the Huayang Companies and their Stockholders
Our
relationships with the Huayang Companies and their stockholders are governed by
a series of contractual arrangements between Green Power, the Huayang Group’s
wholly foreign owned enterprise in the PRC, and each of the Huayang Companies,
which are the operating companies of the Huayang Group in the PRC. Under PRC
laws, each of Green Power, Huayang Dye Machine and Huayang Electrical Power
Equipment is an independent legal person and none of them is exposed to
liabilities incurred by the other parties. Other than pursuant to the
contractual arrangements between Green Power and the Huayang Companies described
below, neither of the Huayang Companies transfers any other funds generated from
its operations to any other member of the Huayang Group. On October 12, 2007, we
entered into the following contractual arrangements with each of the Huayang
Companies.
Consulting Services
Agreement
. Pursuant to the exclusive consulting services agreements
between Green Power and each of the Huayang Companies, Green Power has the
exclusive right to provide to the Huayang Companies general business operation
services, including advice and strategic planning, as well as consulting
services related to the technological research and development of dye and
finishing machines, electrical equipment and related products. Under this
agreement, Green Power owns the intellectual property rights developed or
discovered through research and development, in the course of providing its
services under the agreement, or derived from the provision of the services. The
Huayang Companies pay a quarterly consulting service fees to Fulland that is
equal to all of the Huayang Companies’ profits for such quarter. The term of
this agreement, as amended on November 1, 2008, is 20 years from October 12,
2007 and may be extended only upon Green Power’s written confirmation prior to
the expiration of the this agreement, with the extended term to be mutually
agreed upon by the parties.
Operating Agreement
.
Pursuant to the operating agreement among Green Power, the Huayang Companies and
all stockholders of the Huayang Companies, Green Power provides guidance and
instruction on the Huayang Companies’ daily operations, financial management and
employment issues. The Huayang Companies stockholders must designate the
candidates recommended by Green Power as their representatives on the boards of
directors of each of the Huayang Companies. Green Power has the right to appoint
senior executives of the Huayang Companies. In addition, Green Power agrees to
guarantee the Huayang Companies’ performance under any agreements or
arrangements relating to the Huayang Companies’ business arrangements with any
third party. The Huayang Companies, in return, agrees to pledge their accounts
receivable and all of their assets to Green Power. Moreover, the Huayang
Companies agree that without the prior consent of Green Power, the Huayang
Companies will not engage in any transactions that could materially affect their
respective assets, liabilities, rights or operations, including, without
limitation, incurrence or assumption of any indebtedness, sale or purchase of
any assets or rights, incurrence of any encumbrance on any of their assets or
intellectual property rights in favor of a third party or transfer of any
agreements relating to their business operation to any third party. The term of
this agreement, as amended on November 1, 2008, is 20 years from October 12,
2007 and may be extended only upon Green Power’s written confirmation prior to
the expiration of the this agreement, with the extended term to be mutually
agreed upon by the parties.
Equity Pledge
Agreement
. Under the equity pledge agreement between the Huayang
Companies stockholders and Green Power, the Huayang Companies’ stockholders
pledged all of their equity interests in the Huayang Companies to Green Power to
guarantee the Huayang Companies’ performance of their obligations under the
consulting services agreement. If the Huayang Companies or the Huayang Companies
Stockholders breaches their respective contractual obligations, Green Power, as
pledgee, will be entitled to certain rights, including the right to sell the
pledged equity interests. The Huayang Companies stockholders also agreed that
upon occurrence of any event of default, Green Power shall be granted an
exclusive, irrevocable power of attorney to take actions in the place and stead
of the Huayang Companies stockholders to carry out the security provisions of
the equity pledge agreement and take any action and execute any instrument that
Green Power may deem necessary or advisable to accomplish the purposes of the
equity pledge agreement. The Huayang Companies’ stockholders agreed not to
dispose of the pledged equity interests or take any actions that would prejudice
Green Power’s interest. The equity pledge agreement will expire two years after
the Huayang Companies’ obligations under the consulting services agreements have
been fulfilled.
Option Agreement
.
Under the
option agreement between the Huayang Companies Stockholders and Green Power, the
Huayang Companies Stockholders irrevocably granted Green Power or its designated
person an exclusive option to purchase, to the extent permitted under PRC law,
all or part of the equity interests in the Huayang Companies for the cost of the
initial contributions to the registered capital or the minimum amount of
consideration permitted by applicable PRC law. Green Power or its designated
person has sole discretion to decide when to exercise the option, whether in
part or in full. The term of this agreement, as amended, is 20 years from
October 12, 2007 and may be extended prior to its expiration by written
agreement of the parties.
Proxy Agreement
.
Pursuant to the proxy agreement between the Huayang Companies’ stockholders and
Green Power, the Huayang Companies’ stockholders agreed to irrevocably grant a
person to be designated by Green Power with the right to exercise the Huayang
Companies’ stockholders’ voting rights and their other rights, including the
attendance at and the voting of the Huayang Companies’ stockholders’ shares at
stockholders’ meetings (or by written consent in lieu of such meetings) in
accordance with applicable laws and its articles of association, including but
not limited to the rights to sell or transfer all or any of his equity interests
of the Huayang Companies, and appoint and vote for the directors and chairman as
the authorized representative of the stockholders of the Huayang Companies. The
proxy agreement may be terminated by joint consent of the parties or upon 30-day
written notice from Green Power.
The
Dyeing and Finishing Segment
In recent years, China has been one of
the world’s leading textile producers, and the textile industry has been a
pillar in the Chinese national economy, experiencing steady growth over the last
decades. However, the global economic downturn has had an adverse
impact on almost every industry, and the textile industry is no
exception. Figures from Chinese customs showed China’s textile and
garment exports were $185.17 billion in 2008, up 8.2% year-on-year, but the
growth rate was 10.7 percentage points lower than in 2007.
Experts from
the Chinese Ministry of Commerce attributed the slowdown in the growth of
textile exports to appreciation of the Chinese currency, industry liquidity
shortage and the surge in raw materials costs. Moreover, as major global markets
for Chinese textile products such as the U.S. and Europe were hit hard by the
global recession, many Chinese textile manufacturers that exported to these
markets suffered cancellation of orders and reductions in orders from continuing
customers. Furthermore, the demand for Chinese textile products
will be further impacted to the extent that the United States and other
countries enact protectionist and other legislation which has the effect of
discouraging or taxing the importation of textile products. We
believe that the market for dyeing and finishing equipment is suffering a
decline, which may not change until and unless there is a reversal of the
current economic conditions.
Although the government of China has
announced steps to encourage the export of textile and other products, these
steps may not be sufficient and may not have a significant positive under the
current worldwide economic downturn.
In our
dyeing and finishing segment, we design, manufacture and distribute a line of
proprietary high and low temperature dye and finishing machinery. We believe
that we are one of the leading domestic Chinese manufacturers of textile dyeing
machines, and our Huayang brand is nationally recognized. We currently have the
capacity to manufacture and assemble approximately 550 textile-dyeing machines
annually. Our state-of-the-art and automated production line enables us to
manufacture our products more efficiently, with lower labor and energy costs
compared to traditional manufacturing methods. As part of our manufacturing
process, we make corrosion-resistant stainless steel pumps and pressure vessels,
which are not only critical components for our dyeing and finishing products but
have other industrial applications. The PRC Central Government has granted us a
license to manufacture our pumps and pressure vessels, and we believe that our
pumps and vessels meet or exceed national quality standards.
We have
received the “Advanced Enterprise for Progress in Science and Technology Award”
from Wuxi City in 1999, and the “Star of Brilliance Medal” from the Wuxi City
Bureau of Industrial and Commercial Administration in the same year. In 2002, we
were recognized as an “Advanced Enterprise for Technical Reform Input” by
Qianzhou, a municipality of Wuxi City.
Our
Dyeing and Finishing Products
Our
products are generally compact in design compared with alternatives on the
market, and feature a high degree of both automation and mechanical-electrical
integration. Our products are used in dyeing yarns such as pure cotton,
cotton-polyester, terylene, polyester wool, poly-acrylic fiber, nylon, cotton
ramie, and wool yarn. We currently offer the following types of textile dyeing
machines:
Description
of Our Dye Machine
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Model
Number
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Type
of Fabric
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Double
overflow high temperature high pressure dye machine
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SME1000B
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knitted
fabric
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Medium
overflow high temperature sample dye machine
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SME1000B-50
SME1000B-100
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knitted
fabric
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Jet-type
high pressure high speed dye machine
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SME236
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woven
fabric
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High
temperature high speed soft dye machine
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SME1000A-1
SME1000A-II
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knitted
fabric
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De-weighting
dye machine
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SME-236B
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micro-fiber
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Beam
dye machine
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GR201
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dyed
yarn
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Injection
pipe dye machine
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SME236C-II
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woven
fabric
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High
speed high temperature computer program control sample dye machine
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SME236C-30
SME236C-60
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woven
fabric
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Normal
temperature and normal pressure double overflow type dye machine
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CYL-38
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acrylic
fiber, cotton
|
We also offer a selection of finishing
equipment, including: (i) a high pressure rotary refining/compacting/creping
washing machine for stretching and softening of fabric, (ii) a push-type high
temperature, high pressure dye jigger used in connection with fabric dyeing, and
(iii) a beam reeling-and-reeling-off machine for dyeing heavy cotton and linen
fabric.
Marketing
and Distribution
Presently,
all of our revenue from the textile dyeing machine segment is derived from sales
in China. We presently sell our products in Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces, both
regions with significant textile production, as well as in many of the coastal
regions of China. We are also making efforts to market our products into
Guangzhou, Shandong, Sichuan and other inland regions of China.
We market
and sell our products through our internal sales force, which is based in our
facilities in Wuxi. Our marketing programs include industrial conferences, trade
fairs, sales training and advertising. Our sales and marketing groups work
closely with our manufacturing groups to coordinate our product development
activities, product launches and ongoing demand and supply planning. We sell our
products directly to many of China’s largest textile producers, including
Wujiang City Lianjua Dyeing & Finishing Co., Ltd. and Zhejiang Guannan
Knitting & Dyeing Co., Ltd. In 2008, we did not have any customer that
accounted for over 10% of our revenues.
Growth
Strategies
According
to China’s National Development and Reform Commission, the main focus of the
country’s textile industry has shifted from gaining competitive advantages based
on labor costs, toward the objectives of developing scientific and technological
innovation as well as brand creation. Under the auspices of China’s Eleventh
Five Year Plan, which was implemented in 2006, the next stage for the textile
and dye industries in China is the development of green textile products and the
promotion of clean production technologies, according to the Bureau of Economic
Operation under the National Development and Reform Commission.
In
support of this objective, we are continuing our efforts to develop and
implement next-generation low energy consumption and high heating efficiency
features to our machines. The current emphasis of our efforts continues to be on
increasing automation features in our existing products and implementing power
line communication technology throughout our production facilities to enable our
customers to reduce their use of electricity.
However,
in view of the ongoing global shift in textile manufacturing to lower-cost
countries and the substantial reduction in Chinese textile exports as a result
of the effects of the global economic downturn, in view of the higher growth
potential of wind energy in China and elsewhere, the Company has embarked on a
strategic and gradual shift away from textile equipment manufacturing to the
manufacturing of forged rolled rings and other components essential for the wind
power and other heavy machinery industries. As a result, we expect to
devote more and more resources to growing the forging business going
forward. We also expect the textile equipment segment of our business
to experience a decline in the years to come.
Competition
Because
of the importance of the Chinese textile industry in the world market, we face
competition from both domestic and foreign suppliers. However, due to the high
quality of our products, our competitors are primarily foreign-based. Japan,
Germany, Italy, Taiwan and Switzerland are presently the top five suppliers of
textile machinery to China, covering more than 80% of the total import value in
2006. Domestically, our chief competitor is Fong’s National Engineering
(Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Fong’s Industries Company Ltd., a
Hong-Kong based conglomerate.
We
believe that we can effectively compete with these companies on the basis of the
quality and performance of our products, and our after-sales service. We provide
one year of maintenance and repair services free of charge for all of our
products. Moreover, we provide customers in the Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces,
our top markets, with responsive on-site support which is generally provided
within 24 hours of receiving a request. However, many of our competitors have
longer operating histories and significantly greater financial or technological
resources than we do and presently enjoy greater brand recognition.
Regardless of the merits of our
products, we recognize that the present worldwide economic downturn is affecting
our industry as a whole, and the demand for our products, as well as those of
our competitors, has declined.
The
Forged Rolled Rings and Electrical Power Equipment Segment
The
Chinese Market for Coal and Wind Power
China
currently uses more coal than the United States, the European Union and Japan
combined. Coal is also used in China to produce coke, a solid carbonaceous
material derived from burning low-ash, low-sulfur bituminous coal and used as
the main fuel material in iron-making blast furnaces. In 2004, China’s coke
output reached 224 million tons, or 56% of the world’s total, according to the
PRC National Bureau of Statistics. By 2006, that number reached more than 290
million tons, with 280 million tons for domestic consumption and 14.5 million
tons for export. The trend continued in 2007 and 2008 as a result of continued
surge in the country’s energy demand to fuel its rapid economic
growth.
This high
level of coal consumption has also made China the leading producer of greenhouse
gases (carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide) in the world, according to the
Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, a Dutch research institute. To
address this issue, the Central Government published China’s first National
Action Plan on Climate Change in June 2007. The National Plan aims to reduce
China’s annual emissions of greenhouse gases by 1.5 billion tons of carbon
dioxide equivalent by 2010. A target of the National Plan is the country’s use
of coal, including the promotion of efficient coal-fired power stations. We
believe that, with our products, we are positioned to assist China’s coking
plants and coal-fired power stations in complying with the mandates of the
National Plan.
In 2006,
China’s total power generation capacity surpassed 622 gigawatts, an increase of
100 gigawatts from 2005, making China the second-largest power generator and the
fastest-growing power generation market in the world. The rapid growth trend
continued in 2007 and 2008 to meet the country’s surging energy demand.
According to the International Energy Agency, China is expected to invest a
total of nearly US$2 trillion in electricity generation, transmission, and
distribution over the next 30 years to meet rapidly growing electricity
demand. Half of that investment will be in power generation, while the
other half will go to transmission and distribution. In 2006, total energy
consumption from coal, oil and natural gas comprises approximately 92.8 of
China’s total energy consumption, while hydropower, nuclear power and wind power
accounted for 7.2% of total energy consumption. With the
dwindling supply of fossil fuels for power generation, and with the negative
environmental effects of coal-burning, the Chinese government is encouraging
alternative forms of power supply, such as hydropower, wind power and solar
power. China’s Eleventh Five-Year Plan provides an “alternative energy
strategy,” which aims to increase the country’s renewable energy supply to 15%
of China’s energy needs by 2020.
Wind-power
generation is a mature technology that is embraced in China due to its
relatively low cost (compared to other renewable energy sources such as solar
power) and abundance of wind resources. Current Chinese government guideline
mandates that 30,000 megawatts of wind power be installed by 2020. The
Brussels-based Global Wind Energy Council reported that in 2008, China added
more than 6,000 megawatts of wind-power generation capacity, bringing China’s
total installed wind-power generating capacity to over 12,000 megawatts.
Moreover, the Chinese government has mandated that 70% of wind components be
sourced domestically by 2010.
Our
Products
We
design, manufacture and sell both standard and custom auxiliary equipment used
to improve and promote efficient coal use at both coking and power plants. Our
products are available in a variety of metals and non-metallic
corrosion-resistant materials. We design and assemble our products at our
facilities in Wuxi.
Our
experience in manufacturing auxiliary electrical equipment has provided us with
the ability to explore other opportunities in the power generation industry.
Specifically, we have focused our efforts on applying our manufacturing know-how
to the development of equipment for “green” - or environmental-friendly - power
generation. We are manufacturing rolled rings designed to be used for
wind power generation as well as other uses.
Our
rolled rings are essentially hollow cylindrical sections forged from a stainless
steel stock piece with varying thickness and height. The rings are called rolled
rings in reference to our forging process. Forging is a manufacturing process
where metal is pressed, pounded or squeezed under great pressure into high
strength parts known as forging. Rolled ring forging turns a hollow round piece
of metal under extreme pressure against a rotating roller, thereby squeezing out
a single-piece ring without any welding required.
Rings can
also be manufactured through machining or casting. We believe that the forging
provides increased strength and flexibility of the finished product. A ring’s
strength dictates its fatigue resistance, and is determined by the orientation
of the grain flow of the ring’s metal material. Unlike the machining process,
which creates a unidirectional grain flow, or the casting process, which creates
no grain flow, the forging process causes alignment and orientation of the grain
flow in a direction creating maximum strength, thereby assuring maximum fatigue
resistance. This high strength property also reduces sectional thickness and
overall weight of the right without compromising the overall integrity of the
finished product.
High
tangential strength and ductility make forged rings well-suited for torque- and
pressure-resistant components, such as gears, engine bearings for aircraft,
wheel bearings, couplings, rotor spacers, sealed discs and cases, flanges,
pressure vessels and valve bodies. As such, rolled rings have a wide variety of
applications. Presently, the majority of Chinese rolled ring producers rely on
technologies such as the steam hammer and friction press, which consume large
amounts of energy and cause pollution, and which, we believe, generate a less
desirable product.
Yaw
bearings, which are found in every wind turbine, are made from rolled rings.
Essentially, a yaw bearing is a large ring with teeth, all of which are either
pointing outward or inward. The teeth allow the yaw bearing to engage with a
smaller wheel attached to the yaw motor. The yaw motor turns the wind turbine so
that the rotor (to which blades are attached) faces the wind in order to
optimize electricity generation. The yaw bearing is used by the yaw motor to
turn the wind turbine.
During
the first half of 2007, we began supplying rolled rings that are made to
specifications by contract manufacturers to companies in the domestic wind power
industry, as well as railway and heavy vehicle manufacturing companies.
Currently, have contracts to supply rolled rings to Luoyang Shengjia Bearing
Co., Ltd., Luoyang Heavy Bearing Co., Ltd., Luoyang Huizhou Bearing Co., Ltd.,
Luoyang Chengbang Bearing Co., Ltd., Luoyang UBT Bearing and Machinery Co.,
Ltd., and Luoyang Zhuxin Bearing Co., Ltd.
We devote
approximately 108,000 square feet at our Wuxi facilities for own rolled ring
manufacturing operation. We acquired and installed state-of-the-art
equipment, including a 4,500-ton oil press, to manufacture forged rolled rings.
The manufacturing facility is now completed and we have the capacity to
manufacture forged rolled rings up to 6.3 meters in diameter, using the axial
closed-die rolling technology. Rolled rings manufactured using this method are
characterized by high level of precision and surface smoothness, thereby
minimizing post-production cutting and finishing work, as well as high level of
structural strength and flexibility. Moreover, by the use of such advanced
technology, we estimate that we will be able to save approximately 35% in
materials versus other, more traditional, ring manufacturing techniques. We can
also manufacture shafts used in 1MW to 3MW wind turbine units, using the cross
wedge rolling technique. Shafts are used by wind turbine makers to connect the
wind turbine rotor to the gear box (a main shaft), and the gear box to the power
generator (a small shaft). Compared to traditional methods of forging, cutting
and forming shaft-type structures, the cross wedge rolling technique is highly
efficient and inexpensive. More importantly, shafts formed by this technology
have high quality, with surface that requires virtually no additional processing
after formation. Additionally, we can also manufacture gear rims for use in gear
boxes, and flanges for wind towers.
For the
second phase of our expansion in our rolled rings operations, we plan to acquire
the equipment necessary to produce yaw bearings and gear boxes using our rolled
rings. This phase is in the planning stage
We
design, manufacture and distribute the following standard auxiliary equipment
for coke plants and coal-fired power stations:
Our
Product
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Application
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Spiral
plate heat exchanger
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This
is a high efficiency heat exchanger suitable for convective heat transfer
from liquid to liquid, gas to gas, gas to liquid, and steam condensation
to evaporation. Our heat exchanger is primarily used by coking plants to
treat ammonia waste water and gas. Coal-fired power stations use the heat
exchangers to treat sludge, a byproduct of
coal-burning.
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Cross-tube
gas cooler
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The
gas cooler is mainly used to cool the raw coal gas produced during the
coking process and during coal burning.
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Cloth-type
dust collector
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This
a dust removal system primarily used to collect dust particles that are
generated during the coking or coal-burning process.
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Desulfurization
regeneration tower
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The
tower is mainly used to produce clean coal gas by removing sulfur from
coal gas produced during the coking or coal-burning
process.
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We also
design and manufacture specialty equipment made to customers’ specifications,
which represented approximately 25% of the revenue from our electrical power
equipment segment in fiscal 2006. These commercially oriented, value-added
products become part of the customers’ processes and typically are manufactured
and delivered in a time period of more than 50 days. Specialty products are
custom engineered for specific applications, manufactured on demand, and may
have limited use in other applications.
Other
than product manufacturing, we also provide technology consulting services
relating to water-treatment equipment, heat exchangers, coking equipment and
wind power generation equipment.
While the global economic downturn has
adversely affected most industries, its impact on our forged rolled rings and
electric power equipment segment has been mitigated by two factors. First,
China’s announced policy to encourage the development of clean and renewable
energy supplies to meet surging energy demand continues to generate significant
industry growth momentum for our power and forging business
segment. Second, China’s recent economic stimulus package has
resulted in significant liquidity injection into the Chinese economy, which we
believe will provide our customers and potential customers with the ability to
purchase capital equipment. We believe that, despite the current
economic downturn, if we can successfully target Chinese who directly benefit
from these two factors, our forged rolled rings and electric power equipment
segment can continue grow.
Marketing
and Distribution
Currently,
our principal customers for our electrical power equipment are coking plants and
coal-fired power stations. Our principal customers for rolled rings are in the
wind power and railway and heavy vehicle manufacturing industries, which use our
products as components in equipment and system installations.
Based at our facilities in Wuxi, we
have a sales team for both our electrical power equipment and rolled rings. Our
marketing efforts include industrial conferences, trade fairs, sales training,
and advertising. Our sales teams work closely with our research and development
and manufacturing teams to coordinate our product development activities,
product launches and ongoing demand and supply planning. Our coking-related
equipment is primarily sold to plants in Shanxi Province. Our dust collectors
are sold to coking plants and power stations throughout China. Our rolled rings
are currently sold to companies in Luoyang, a city in Henan Province. No part of
our business in the forged rolled rings and electrical power equipment segment
is dependent on a single customer or a few customers, the loss of which would
seriously harm our business, or on contracts or subcontracts that are subject to
renegotiation or termination by a governmental agency.
During the first quarter of 2009, we
announced that, pursuant to preliminary agreements signed in September 2008, we
have delivered sample products to Wuxi Lida Gear Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Gansu
Keyao Electrical Power Co., Ltd., and Hangzhou Advance Gearbox Group Ltd., all
of which have inspected and approved our product prototypes. Both Wuxi Lida and
Gansu Keyao previously signed preliminary agreements with China Wind Systems to
purchase up to 1,350 tons of rolled rings and 3,300 tons of wind tower flanges,
respectively. We also announced that we will begin supplying 1.5
megawatt (MW) shafts to new wind power customers as well as industrial shafts to
heavy machinery customers in China.
New wind
power customers include:
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Dong
Fang Electric, Co., Ltd.
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Zhejiang
Yunda Co., Ltd.
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Shanghai
Electric Co., Ltd.
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Mingyang
Wind Power Technology Co., Ltd.
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We will
also be supplying industrial shafts to Shenyang Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd. and
flanges to Shandong Ping Cheng Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd.
The
agreements with these customers stipulate that initial batches of forged
products in the amount of 100-300 tons per customer will be delivered and tested
before larger orders are placed and major contracts signed.
Competition
We
believe that China’s continuing reliance on coal combined with the mandates of
the National Action Plan on Climate Change is driving the demand for auxiliary
electrical power equipment, including equipment that uses our products as
components, which in turn is attracting many companies to the industry,
including international companies such as Australia’s Waterco Co. and the
European conglomerate Suez Co., and domestic manufacturers such as Harbin
Hydrogen Control Equipment Industrial Co. and Shanghai Taixin Environmental
Equipment Co., Ltd. Many of these companies have research and development
capabilities and funding sources that are superior to ours.
Despite
the short period of time since we started producing rolled rings, we are not
aware of any significant number of domestic competitors that are capable of
producing large rolled rings (with diameters up to 6.3 meters and cross sections
up to 700 mm). Our precision forging techniques combined with our advanced
manufacturing facilities and equipment enable us to produce large rolled rings.
We are currently aware that Wuxi Dachang Group is capable of producing rolled
rings with diameters comparable to ours, but they do not supply main
shafts. Shandong Yucheng produces main shafts that are comparable to
ours, but they do not supply large rolled rings.
Source
of Supply
The main
input of all of our products, from dyeing and finishing machinery to forged
rolled rings to electric power equipment, is stainless steel. We purchase
stainless steel tubes from Wuxi City Zhongtian Stainless Steel Co., Ltd.,
stainless steel plates from Wuxi City Fanshun Materials Co., Ltd., and stainless
steel casings from Jiangyin Tongqing Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd. While we
do not have long-term contracts with these suppliers, we have long-term business
relationship with them, and these companies have generally met our supply
requirements. The price of stainless steel in China, while unstable, generally
does not affect our forging business significantly, because our supply contracts
are usually structured so that we pass along any significant change in steel
price to customers. For the textile machinery business, the price of steel can
have more significant impact, but historically, it has mostly been favorable to
us. However, we cannot guarantee that the present conditions of the stainless
steel market will continue. Any significant rise in the price of or demand for
stainless steel could have an adverse affect on our results of
operations.
Other
materials needed to our manufacturing needs, such as stainless steel tubes,
stainless steel planks and transducers, are relatively easy to purchase from a
number of suppliers and we intend to work with two to three vendors to ensure
the best pricing and quality of these supplies.
Research
and Development
To date,
we have not incurred significant research and development expenses in our
business. Our research and development staff consists of nine technical
employees who work on product development. We work with both private-sector
companies and public-sector entities in our research and development. We
presently have a long-term cooperation agreement with Shanxi Province Coking
Design Research Institute to develop next-generation coking and desulfurization
equipment with emphasis on environmentally-friendly features. The research and
development activities are performed by the Institute’s personnel. The Institute
will develop the equipment, to which we will have the exclusive manufacturing
and distribution rights. If we elect to exercise these rights, we will then
enter into a separate agreement with the Institute concerning revenue sharing
for the particular equipment. If we do not exercise our exclusive right, we will
have no other obligations to the Institute under the cooperation
agreement.
In our
forged rolled rings and electric power equipment segment, we plan to concentrate
our research and development efforts on developing enhancement of rolled rings
and related products principally for the wind power industry.
Government
Regulations
Environmental
Regulations
Our
manufacturing processes generate noise, wastewater, gaseous and other industrial
wastes, and we use, generate and discharge toxic, volatile and otherwise
hazardous chemicals and wastes in our operations. As a result, we are required
to comply with all national and local regulations regarding protection of the
environment. Our operations are subject to regulations promulgated by China’s
Environmental Protection Administration, Jiangsu Province Environmental
Protection Administration and the Wuxi City Environmental Administration. We are
also subject to periodic monitoring by local environmental protection
authorities in Wuxi. We have installed various types of anti-pollution equipment
in our facilities to reduce, treat, and where feasible, recycle the wastes
generated in our manufacturing processes. We believe that our manufacturing
facilities and equipment are in substantial compliance with all applicable
environmental regulations. Based on the requirement of present law, additional
measures to maintain compliance are not expected to materially affect our
capital expenditures, competitive position, financial position or results of
operations.
The PRC
has expressed a concern about pollution and other environmental hazards.
Although we believe that we comply with current national and local government
regulations, if it is determined that we are in violation of these regulations,
we can be subject to financial penalties as well as the loss of our business
license, in which event we would be unable to continue in business. Further, if
the national or local government adopts more stringent regulations, we may incur
significant costs in complying with such regulations. If we fail to comply with
present or future environmental regulations, we may be required to pay
substantial fines, suspend production or cease operations. Any failure by us to
control the use of, or to restrict adequately the discharge of, hazardous
substances could subject us to potentially significant monetary damages and
fines or suspensions in our business operations.
Regulations
Governing Electrical Equipment
Our products are subject to regulations
that pertain to electrical equipment, which may materially adversely affect our
business. These regulations influence the design, components or operation of our
products. New regulations and changes to current regulations are always possible
and, in some jurisdictions, regulations may be introduced with little or no time
to bring related products into compliance with these regulations. Our failure to
comply with these regulations may restrict our ability to sell our products in
the PRC. In addition, these regulations may increase our cost of supplying the
products by forcing us to redesign existing products or to use more expensive
designs or components. In these cases, we may experience unexpected disruptions
in our ability to supply customers with products, or we may incur unexpected
costs or operational complexities to bring products into compliance. This could
have an adverse effect on our revenues, gross profit margins and results of
operations and increase the volatility of our financial results.
Business
License
Green
Power, Fulland Wind Energy and both of the Huayang Companies have been issued
business licenses with the appropriate municipal and provincial governments
which specifically authorize the companies to operate their respective
businesses. All of these business licenses, which are subject to annual review
by the issuing agencies, are current as of the date of this annual report. No
additional approval or license is required for the manufacturing and sale of the
textile dyeing and finishing machines, the auxiliary electrical power equipment
or the rolled rings.
Circular
106 Compliance and Approval
On May 31, 2007, the SAFE issued an
official notice known as “Circular 106,” which requires the owners of any
Chinese companies to obtain SAFE’s approval before establishing any offshore
holding company structure for foreign financing as well as subsequent
acquisition matters in China. Accordingly, in early September 2007, the owners
of 100% of the equity in the Huayang Companies, namely Jianhua Wu and Lihua
Tang, submitted their application to SAFE. On September 19, 2007, SAFE approved
their application, permitting these Chinese nationals to establish an offshore
company, Fulland, as a “special purpose vehicle” for any foreign ownership and
capital raising activities by the Huayang Companies. After SAFE’s
approval, Mr. Wu and Ms. Tang became the majority owners of Fulland on October
11, 2007.
Intellectual
Property Rights
We rely on a combination of trademark,
copyright and trade secret protection laws in China and other jurisdictions, as
well as confidentiality procedures and contractual provisions to protect our
intellectual property and our brand. We have received one patent in China in
connection for one of our textile dyeing machines, which expires April 28, 2009,
and we intend to apply for more patents to protect our core technologies. We
also have confidentiality and non-competition policies in place as part of our
company employment guideline which is given to each employee, and we enter into
nondisclosure agreements with third parties. However, we cannot assure you that
we will be able to protect or enforce our intellectual property
rights.
Employees
As of
December 31, 2008, we had approximately 160 employees, all of which were
full-time employees, which were employed by the Huayang Companies. Of these, 110
are in the dyeing and finishing segment (8 executives and administration, 10
engineers and technicians, 12 marketing and sales, and 80 in manufacturing
employees). The remaining 50 employees are with our forged rolled rings and
electrical power equipment segment (4 executives and administration, 4 engineers
and technicians, 6 marketing and sales, and 36 manufacturing employees). Nine of
our engineers and technical personnel are involved in research and development
activities.
All of
these employees are members of a union, organized by the Union for Huishan
District, Wuxi City as mandated by the PRC Union Law. Neither we nor any of our
affiliates have experienced a work stoppage. We believe that our
relations with our employees are good.
ITEM
1A. RISK FACTORS
You
should carefully consider the risks described below together with all of the
other information included in this report before making an investment decision
with regard to our securities. The statements contained in or incorporated into
this annual report that are not historic facts are forward-looking statements
that are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to
differ materially from those set forth in or implied by forward-looking
statements. If any of the following risks actually occurs, our business,
financial condition or results of operations could be harmed. In that case, the
trading price of our common stock could decline, and you may lose all or part of
your investment.
Risks
Related to Our Business
We
are incurring significant obligations in developing the manufacture of rolled
rings for use in the wind power and other industries with no assurance that we
can or will be successful in this business.
We
acquired buildings, land use rights and leasehold improvements from a related
party for approximately $10,950,000 to manufacture components in our rolled ring
operations. Wind power accounts for an insignificant percentage of
the power generated in the PRC, and our ability to market to this segment is
dependent upon both the growth of the acceptance of wind power as an energy
source in the PRC and the acceptance of our products. We are making the
financial and manpower commitment in our belief that both there will be an
increased demand for wind power in China and elsewhere, that the companies that
manufacture wind power generation equipment will purchase our products. We
cannot assure you that we will be able to develop this business, and our failure
to develop the business will have a material adverse effect on our overall
financial condition and the results of our operations.
We
will require additional funds to expand our operations.
In
connection with the development and expansion of our business, we will incur
significant capital and operational expenses. We do not presently have any
funding commitments other than our present credit arrangements which we do not
believe is sufficient to enable us to satisfy our purchase commitments and to
otherwise expand our business. If we are unable to obtain the pay our purchase
commitments and we cannot find alternative financing we may be unable to expand
our business or finance the growth of our existing business, which may impair
our ability to operate profitably. In order to meet our short-term
cash requirements:
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During
the fourth quarter of 2008, we raised $575,000 from the sale of a 17.4%
subordinated note with respect to which we had to pay consulting fees of
$31,662.50 per month, $175,000 from the exercise of warrants held by the
lender and $1,250,000 from the sale of stock at $0.40 per share,
and
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During
the first quarter of 2009, we raised $250,000 on terms from the sale of
our 15% note along with warrants to purchase 437,500 shares of common
stock at $0.40 per share.
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Because of our stock price and the
worldwide economic downturn, we may not be able to raise any additional funds
that we require on favorable terms, if any. The failure to obtain
necessary financing may impair our ability to manufacture our products and
continue in business.
We
are investing heavily in products designed for the wind power industry with no
assurance that a substantial market for wind power will ever
develop.
Our
rolled ring business is based on the assumption that wind power will become a
more significant source of power in the PRC and elsewhere. Although the
government of the PRC has announced a plan which contemplates a significant
increase in wind power in the PRC, at present wind power accounts for a
miniscule percentage of China’s energy needs, and we cannot assure you that wind
power will ever become a significant source of energy in China. Since our growth
plan is based on developing and providing equipment and components for that
industry, our business will be impaired if the market for wind power generation
equipment does not develop or if the market develops but our products are not
accepted by the market.
You
may suffer significant dilution if we raise additional capital.
If we
need to raise additional capital to expand or continue operations, it may be
necessary for us to issue additional equity or convertible debt securities. If
we issue equity or convertible debt securities, the net tangible book value per
share may decrease, the percentage ownership of our current stockholders would
be diluted, and any equity securities we may issue may have rights, preferences
or privileges senior or more advantageous to our common stockholders.
Furthermore, if the price at which we sell securities is less than the
conversion price of the series A preferred stock or the exercise price of the
warrants, the conversion price of the series A preferred stock and the exercise
price of the warrants would be reduced. As a result of our financing
in the fourth quarter of 2008, the conversion price of our series A preferred
stock and the exercise price of our warrants was reduced.
Because
we sell capital equipment, our business is subject to our customers’ capital
budget and we may suffer delays or cancellations of orders and the effects of
the worldwide economic downturn.
Our
customers purchase our equipment as part of their capital budget. As a result,
we are dependent upon receiving orders from companies that are either expanding
their business, commencing a new business, upgrading their capital equipment or
otherwise require capital equipment. Our business is therefore dependent upon
both the economic health of these industries and our ability to offer products
that meet regulatory requirements, including environmental requirements, of
these industries and are cost justifiable, based on potential cost savings in
using our equipment in contrast to existing equipment or equipment offered by
others. As a result of the worldwide economic downturn, the market
for capital equipment in the textile industry has significantly
declined. If we are not able to generate sufficient business, we may
discontinue this phase of our operations and concentrate on our forged rings and
electrical power equipment segment. We cannot predict the extent that
the market for capital equipment in the coal and wind power industries will be
affected. However, any economic slowdown can affect all purchasers
and manufactures of capital equipment, and we cannot assure you that our coal
and rolled rings business will not be significantly impaired as a result of the
worldwide economic downturn.
The
nature of our products creates the possibility of significant product liability
and warranty claims, which could harm our business.
Customers
use some of our products in potentially hazardous applications that can cause
injury or loss of life and damage to property, equipment or the environment. In
addition, some of our products are integral to the production process for some
end-users and any failure of our products could result in a suspension of
operations. We cannot be certain that our products will be completely free from
defects. Moreover, we do not have any product liability insurance and may not
have adequate resources to satisfy a judgment in the event of a successful claim
against us. The successful assertion of product liability claims against us
could result in potentially significant monetary damages and require us to make
significant payments. In addition, because the insurance industry in China is
still in its early stages of development, business interruption insurance
available in China offers limited coverage compared to that offered in many
other countries. We do not have any business interruption insurance. Any
business disruption or natural disaster could result in substantial costs and
diversion of resources.
Our
ability to market electrical power equipment in the coal industry is dependent
upon manufacturing equipment that enables our customers to meet environmental
requirements.
We market
the electrical power equipment to operators of coal-fired electricity generation
plants. Our ability to market these products is dependent upon the continued
growth of coal-generated power plants and our ability to offer products that
enable the operators of the power plants to produce electricity through a
cleaner process than would otherwise be available at a reasonable cost. To the
extent that government regulations are adopted that require the power plants to
reduce or eliminate polluting discharges from power plants, our equipment would
need to be designed to meet such requirements.
If
we fail to introduce enhancements to our existing products or to keep abreast of
technological changes in our markets, our business and results of operations
could be adversely affected.
Although
certain technologies in the industries that we occupy are well established, we
believe our future success depends in part on our ability to enhance our
existing products and develop new products in order to continue to meet customer
demands. Our failure to introduce new or enhanced products on a timely and
cost-competitive basis, or the development of processes that make our existing
technologies or products obsolete, could harm our business and results of
operations.
Because
we face intense competition from other companies for both of our operating
segments, many of which have greater resources than we do, we may not be able to
compete successfully and we may lose or be unable to gain market
share.
The
markets for products in both of our business segments are intensely competitive.
Many of our competitors have established more prominent market positions, and if
we fail to attract and retain customers and establish successful distribution
networks in our target markets for our products, we will be unable to increase
our sales. Many of our existing and potential competitors have substantially
greater financial, technical, manufacturing and other resources than we do. Our
competitors’ greater size in some cases provides them with a competitive
advantage with respect to manufacturing costs because of their economies of
scale and their ability to purchase raw materials at lower prices, as well as
securing supplies at times of shortages. Many of our competitors also have
greater brand name recognition, more established distribution networks and
larger customer bases. In addition, many of our competitors have
well-established relationships with our current and potential distributors and
have extensive knowledge of our target markets. As a result, they may be able to
devote greater resources to the research, development, promotion and sale of
their products or respond more quickly to evolving industry standards and
changes in market conditions than we can. Our failure to adapt to changing
market conditions and to compete successfully with existing or new competitors
may materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of
operations.
Compliance
with environmental regulations can be expensive, and noncompliance with these
regulations may result in adverse publicity and potentially significant monetary
damages and fines.
As our
manufacturing processes generate noise, wastewater, gaseous and other industrial
wastes, we are required to comply with all national and local regulations
regarding protection of the environment. If we fail to comply with present or
future environmental regulations, we may be required to pay substantial fines,
suspend production or cease operations. We use, generate and discharge toxic,
volatile and otherwise hazardous chemicals and wastes in our research and
development and manufacturing activities. Any failure by us to control the use
of, or to restrict adequately, the discharge of, hazardous substances could
subject us to potentially significant monetary damages and fines or suspensions
in our business operations.
Our
products are subject to PRC regulations that pertain to electrical equipment,
which may materially adversely affect our business.
These
regulations influence the design, components or operation of such products. New
regulations and changes to current regulations are always possible and, in some
jurisdictions, regulations may be introduced with little or no time to bring
related products into compliance with these regulations. Our failure to comply
with these regulations may restrict our ability to sell our products in the PRC.
In addition, these regulations may increase our cost of supplying the products
by forcing us to redesign existing products or to use more expensive designs or
components. In these cases, we may experience unexpected disruptions in our
ability to supply customers with products, or we may incur unexpected costs or
operational complexities to bring products into compliance. This could have an
adverse effect on our revenues, gross profit margins and results of operations
and increase the volatility of our financial results.
The
success of our businesses will depend on our ability to effectively develop and
implement strategic business initiatives.
We are
currently implementing various strategic business initiatives. In connection
with the development and implementation of these initiatives, we will incur
additional expenses and capital expenditures to implement the initiatives. The
development and implementation of these initiatives also requires management to
divert a portion of its time from day-to-day operations. These expenses and
diversions could have a significant impact on our operations and profitability,
particularly if the initiatives included in any new initiative proves to be
unsuccessful. Moreover, if we are unable to implement an initiative in a timely
manner, or if those initiatives turn out to be ineffective or are executed
improperly, our business and operating results would be adversely
affected.
Our
profitability may decline as a result of increasing pressure on
margins.
The
textile and apparel industries have historically been subject to substantial
cyclical variations and are particularly affected by adverse trends in the
general economy, and are presently subject to the effects of the worldwide
economic downturn and trade policies of other countries which have severely
impacted these industries in China. The reduction in demand for
textile products has resulted in a reduction in the demand for capital equipment
used in these industries. This reduction in demand affects both our
sales and our gross margin, which could have a material adverse effect on our
results of operations, liquidity and financial condition.
Failure
to successfully reduce our production costs may adversely affect our financial
results.
A
significant portion of our strategy relies upon our ability to successfully
rationalize and improve the efficiency of our operations. In particular, our
strategy relies on our ability to reduce our production costs in order to remain
competitive. If we are not able to continue to successfully implement cost
reduction measures, especially in a time of a worldwide economic downturn, or if
these efforts do not generate the level of cost savings that we expect going
forward or result in higher than expected costs, there could be a material
adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or
cash flows.
If
we are unable to make necessary capital investments or respond to pricing
pressures, our business may be harmed.
In order
to remain competitive, we need to invest in research and development,
manufacturing, customer service and support, and marketing. From time to time we
also have to adjust the prices of our products to remain competitive. We may not
have available sufficient financial or other resources to continue to make
investments necessary to maintain our competitive position.
A
decrease in supply or increase in cost of the materials used in our products
could harm our profitability.
Any
restrictions on the supply or the increase in the cost of the materials used by
us in manufacturing our products, especially steel, could significantly reduce
our profit margins. Efforts to mitigate restrictions on the supply or price
increases of materials by entering into long-term purchase agreements, by
implementing productivity improvements or by passing cost increases on to our
customers may not be successful. Our profitability depends largely on the price
and continuity of supply of the materials used in the manufacture of our
products, which in many instances are supplied by a limited number of
sources.
Unforeseen
or recurring operational problems at our facilities may cause significant lost
production, which could have a material adverse effect on our business,
financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Our
manufacturing processes could be affected by operational problems that could
impair our production capability. Our facilities contain complex and
sophisticated machines that are used in our manufacturing process. Disruptions
at our facilities could be caused by maintenance outages; prolonged power
failures or reductions; a breakdown, failure or substandard performance of any
of our machines; the effect of noncompliance with material environmental
requirements or permits; disruptions in the transportation infrastructure,
including railroad tracks, bridges, tunnels or roads; fires, floods, earthquakes
or other catastrophic disasters; labor difficulties; or other operational
problems. Any prolonged disruption in operations at our facilities could cause
significant lost production, which would have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial condition, results of operations and cash
flows.
Our
officers and directors own a substantial portion of our outstanding common
stock, which will enable them to influence many significant corporate actions
and in certain circumstances may prevent a change in control that would
otherwise be beneficial to our shareholders.
As of
March 20, 2009, our officers and directors and members of their families
beneficially owned approximately 64% of our outstanding shares of stock that is
entitled to vote on all corporate actions. These stockholders, acting together,
could have a substantial impact on matters requiring the vote of the
shareholders, including the election of our directors and most of our corporate
actions. This control could delay, defer or prevent others from initiating a
potential merger, takeover or other change in our control, even if these actions
would benefit our shareholders and us. This control could adversely affect the
voting and other rights of our other shareholders and could depress the market
price of our common stock.
Our
business depends substantially on the continuing efforts of our executive
officers and our ability to maintain a skilled labor force, and our business may
be severely disrupted if we lose their services.
Our
future success depends substantially on the continued services of our executive
officers, especially Mr. Jianhua Wu, our chief executive officer and the
chairman of our Board. We do not maintain key man life insurance on any of our
executive officers. If one or more of our executive officers are unable or
unwilling to continue in their present positions, we may not be able to replace
them readily, if at all. Therefore, our business may be severely disrupted, and
we may incur additional expenses to recruit and retain new officers. In
addition, if any of our executives joins a competitor or forms a competing
company, we may lose some of our customers. Our chief executive officer is a
party to contractual agreements as described elsewhere in our annual report.
However, if any disputes arise between our executive officer and us, we cannot
assure you, in light of uncertainties associated with the Chinese legal system,
the extent to which any of these agreements could be enforced in China, where
some of our executive officers reside and hold some of their
assets.
If
we are unable to attract, train and retain technical and financial personnel,
our business may be materially and adversely affected.
Our
future success depends, to a significant extent, on our ability to attract,
train and retain technical and financial personnel. Recruiting and retaining
capable personnel, particularly those with expertise in our chosen industries,
are vital to our success. There is substantial competition for qualified
technical and financial personnel, and there can be no assurance that we will be
able to attract or retain our technical and financial personnel. If we are
unable to attract and retain qualified employees, our business may be materially
and adversely affected.
Our
failure to protect our intellectual property rights may undermine our
competitive position, and litigation to protect our intellectual property rights
or defend against third-party allegations of infringement may be
costly.
We rely
primarily on trade secret and contractual restrictions to protect our
intellectual property. Nevertheless, these afford only limited protection and
the actions we take to protect our intellectual property rights may not be
adequate. As a result, third parties may infringe or misappropriate our
proprietary technologies or other intellectual property rights, which could have
a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or operating
results. In addition, policing unauthorized use of proprietary technology can be
difficult and expensive. Litigation may be necessary to enforce our intellectual
property rights, protect our trade secrets or determine the validity and scope
of the proprietary rights of others and the enforcement of intellectual property
rights in China may be difficult. We cannot assure you that the outcome of any
litigation will be in our favor. Intellectual property litigation may be costly
and may divert management attention as well as expend our other resources away
from our business. An adverse determination in any such litigation will impair
our intellectual property rights and may harm our business, prospects and
reputation. In addition, we have no insurance coverage against litigation costs
and would have to bear all costs arising from such litigation to the extent we
are unable to recover them from other parties. The occurrence of any of the
foregoing could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of
operations and financial condition.
Implementation
of China’s intellectual property-related laws has historically been lacking,
primarily because of ambiguities in China’s laws and difficulties in
enforcement. Accordingly, intellectual property rights and confidentiality
protections in China may not be as effective as in the United States or other
countries.
We
have limited business insurance coverage.
The
insurance industry in China is still at an early stage of development. Insurance
companies in China offer limited business insurance products. We do not have any
business liability or disruption insurance coverage for our operations in China.
Any business disruption, litigation or natural disaster may result in our
incurring substantial costs and the diversion of our resources.
Risks
Related to Conducting Business in the PRC
PRC
laws and regulations governing our businesses and the validity of certain of our
contractual arrangements are uncertain. If we are found to be in violation, we
could be subject to sanctions. In addition, changes in such PRC laws and
regulations may materially and adversely affect our business.
There are
substantial uncertainties regarding the interpretation and application of PRC
laws and regulations, including, but not limited to, the laws and regulations
governing our business, or the enforcement and performance of our contractual
arrangements with our affiliated Chinese entities, the Huayang Companies, and
its shareholders. We are considered a foreign person or foreign invested
enterprise under PRC law. As a result, we are subject to PRC law limitations on
foreign ownership of Chinese companies. These laws and regulations are
relatively new and may be subject to change, and their official interpretation
and enforcement may involve substantial uncertainty. The effectiveness of newly
enacted laws, regulations or amendments may be delayed, resulting in detrimental
reliance by foreign investors. New laws and regulations that affect existing and
proposed future businesses may also be applied retroactively.
The PRC
government has broad discretion in dealing with violations of laws and
regulations, including levying fines, revoking business and other licenses and
requiring actions necessary for compliance. In particular, licenses and permits
issued or granted to us by relevant governmental bodies may be revoked at a
later time by higher regulatory bodies. We cannot predict the effect of the
interpretation of existing or new PRC laws or regulations on our businesses. We
cannot assure you that our current ownership and operating structure would not
be found in violation of any current or future PRC laws or regulations. As a
result, we may be subject to sanctions, including fines, and could be required
to restructure our operations or cease to provide certain services. Any of these
or similar actions could significantly disrupt our business operations or
restrict us from conducting a substantial portion of our business operations,
which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition
and results of operations.
The PRC
government restricts foreign investment in businesses in China. Accordingly, we
operate our business in China through the Huayang Companies. The Huayang
Companies hold the licenses and approvals necessary to operate our businesses in
China. We have contractual arrangements with the Huayang Companies and its
shareholders that allow us to substantially control the Huayang Companies. We
cannot assure you, however, that we will be able to enforce these
contracts.
Although
we believe we comply with current PRC regulations, we cannot assure you that the
PRC government would agree that these operating arrangements comply with PRC
licensing, registration or other regulatory requirements, with existing policies
or with requirements or policies that may be adopted in the future. If the PRC
government determines that we do not comply with applicable law, it could revoke
our business and operating licenses, require us to discontinue or restrict our
operations, restrict our right to collect revenues, require us to restructure
our operations, impose additional conditions or requirements with which we may
not be able to comply, impose restrictions on our business operations or on our
customers, or take other regulatory or enforcement actions against us that could
be harmful to our business.
Our
contractual arrangements with the Huayang Companies and its shareholders may not
be as effective in providing control over these entities as direct
ownership.
Since the law
of the PRC limits foreign equity ownership in companies in China, we operate our
business through the Huayang Companies. We have no equity ownership interest in
the Huayang Companies and rely on contractual arrangements to control and
operate such businesses. These contractual arrangements may not
be effective in providing control over the Huayang Companies as direct
ownership. For example, the Huayang Companies could fail to take actions
required for our businesses despite its contractual obligation to do so. If the
Huayang Companies fail to perform under their agreements with us, we may have to
incur substantial costs and resources to enforce such arrangements and may have
to rely on legal remedies under the law of the PRC, which may not be
effective. In addition, we cannot assure you that the Huayang Companies’
shareholders would always act in our best interests.
Adverse
changes in political and economic policies of the Chinese government could have
a material adverse effect on the overall economic growth of China, which could
reduce the demand for our products and materially and adversely affect our
competitive position.
All of
our business operations are conducted and all of our revenues are made in China.
Accordingly, our business, financial condition, results of operations and
prospects are affected significantly by economic, political and legal
developments in China. The Chinese economy differs from the economies of most
developed countries in many respects, including:
|
•
|
the
amount of government involvement;
|
|
•
|
the
level of development;
|
|
•
|
the
control of foreign exchange; and
|
|
•
|
the
allocation of resources.
|
While the
Chinese economy has grown significantly in the past 20 years, the growth
has been uneven, both geographically and among various sectors of the economy,
and the worldwide economic downturn has affected China. As a
result, Chinese exports, including textiles, have decreased substantially and a
number of companies have closed their businesses, which affects the demand for
capital goods. The Chinese government has implemented various
measures to encourage economic growth and guide the allocation of resources.
Some of these measures benefit the overall Chinese economy, but may also have a
negative effect on us. For example, our financial condition and results of
operations may be adversely affected by government control over capital
investments or changes in tax regulations that are applicable to
us.
The
Chinese economy has been transitioning from a planned economy to a more
market-oriented economy. Although in recent years the Chinese government
has implemented measures emphasizing the utilization of market forces for
economic reform, the reduction of state ownership of productive assets and the
establishment of sound corporate governance in business enterprises, a
substantial portion of the productive assets in China is still owned by the
Chinese government. The continued control of these assets and other aspects of
the national economy by the Chinese government could materially and
adversely affect our business. The Chinese government also exercises
significant control over Chinese economic growth through the allocation of
resources, controlling payment of foreign currency-denominated obligations,
setting monetary policy and providing preferential treatment to particular
industries or companies. Efforts by the Chinese government to slow the pace
of growth of the Chinese economy could result in decreased capital expenditure
by solar energy users, which in turn could reduce demand for our
products. Furthermore, in response to the worldwide economic
downturn, the Chinese government may seek to increase its control over
businesses which could affect our business.
Any
adverse change in the economic conditions or government policies in China could
have a material adverse effect on the overall economic growth and the level of
renewable energy investments and expenditures in China, which in turn could lead
to a reduction in demand for our products and consequently have a material
adverse effect on our businesses.
Uncertainties
with respect to the Chinese legal system could have a material adverse effect on
us.
We
conduct substantially all of our business through our Chinese subsidiaries and
affiliates, which are generally subject to laws and regulations applicable to
foreign investment in China and, in particular, laws applicable to wholly
foreign-owned enterprises. China’s legal system is based on written
statutes. Prior court decisions may be cited for reference but have limited
precedential value. Since 1979, Chinese legislation and regulations have
significantly enhanced the protections afforded to various forms of foreign
investments in China. However, since these laws and regulations are relatively
new and China’s legal system continues to rapidly evolve, the interpretations of
many laws, regulations and rules are not always uniform and enforcement of these
laws, regulations and rules involve uncertainties, which may limit legal
protections available to us. In addition, any litigation in China may be
protracted and result in substantial costs and diversion of resources and
management attention.
We
rely on dividends paid by our subsidiaries for our cash needs
We
conduct substantially all of our operations through our subsidiaries and
affiliates. We rely on dividends from our subsidiaries for our cash needs,
including the funds necessary to pay dividends and other cash distributions to
our shareholders, to service any debt we may incur and to pay our operating
expenses. The payment of dividends by entities organized in China is subject to
limitations. Regulations in China currently permit payment of dividends only out
of accumulated profits as determined in accordance with accounting standards and
regulations in China. We are also required to set aside at least 10.0% of its
after-tax profit based on China’s accounting standards each year to its general
reserves until the accumulative amount of such reserves reach 50.0% of its
registered capital. These reserves are not distributable as cash dividends. Our
subsidiaries are also required to allocate a portion of its after-tax profits to
its staff welfare and bonus funds, which may not be distributed to equity owners
except in the event of liquidation. In addition, if our subsidiaries incur debt,
the instruments governing the debt may restrict their ability to pay dividends
or make other distributions to us.
Fluctuation
in the value of the Renminbi may have a material adverse effect on your
investment.
The
change in value of the Renminbi against the U.S. dollar and other
currencies is affected by, among other things, changes in China’s political and
economic conditions. On July 21, 2005, the Chinese government changed its
decade-old policy of pegging the value of the Renminbi to the U.S. dollar.
Under the new policy, the Renminbi is permitted to fluctuate within a narrow and
managed band against a basket of certain foreign currencies. This change in
policy has resulted in appreciation of Renminbi against U.S. dollar. While
the international reaction to the Renminbi revaluation has generally been
positive, there remains significant international pressure on the Chinese
government to adopt an even more flexible currency policy, which could result in
a further and more significant appreciation of the Renminbi against the
U.S. dollar. As a portion of our costs and expenses is denominated in
Renminbi, the revaluation in July 2005 and potential future revaluation has and
could further increase our costs. Any significant revaluation of the Renminbi
may have a material adverse effect on our revenues and financial condition, and
the value of, and any of our dividends payable on our ordinary shares in foreign
currency terms.
Restrictions
on currency exchange may limit our ability to receive and use our revenues
effectively.
Under
China’s existing foreign exchange regulations, our Chinese subsidiaries are able
to pay dividends in foreign currencies, without prior approval from the State
Administration of Foreign Exchange, or SAFE, by complying with certain
procedural requirements. However, we cannot assure you that that the Chinese
government will not take further measures in the future to restrict access to
foreign currencies for current account transactions. Foreign exchange
transactions by our Chinese subsidiaries under the capital account continue to
be subject to significant foreign exchange controls and require the approval of
China’s governmental authorities, including the SAFE. In particular, if a
subsidiary borrows foreign currency loans from us or other foreign lenders,
these loans must be registered with the SAFE, and if we finance the subsidiary
by means of additional capital contributions, these capital contributions must
be approved by certain government authorities including the Ministry of Commerce
or its local counterparts. These limitations could affect the ability of our
subsidiaries to obtain foreign exchange through debt or equity
financing.
We
face risks related to health epidemics and other outbreaks.
Our
business could be adversely affected by the effects of avian flu, SARS or
another epidemic or outbreak. China reported a number of cases of SARS in April
2004. In 2005, there were reports on the occurrences of avian flu in various
parts of China, including a few confirmed human cases. Any prolonged recurrence
of avian flu, SARS or other adverse public health developments in China may have
a material adverse effect on our business operations. These could include our
ability to travel or ship our products outside of China, as well as temporary
closure of our manufacturing facilities. Such closures or travel or shipment
restrictions would severely disrupt our business operations and adversely affect
our results of operations. We have not adopted any written preventive measures
or contingency plans to combat any future outbreak of avian flu, SARS or any
other epidemic.
Failure
to comply with PRC regulations relating to the establishment of offshore special
purpose companies by PRC residents may subject our PRC resident stockholders to
personal liability, limit our ability to acquire PRC companies or to inject
capital into our PRC subsidiaries, limit our PRC subsidiaries’ ability to
distribute profits to us or otherwise materially adversely affect
us.
In October 2005, the PRC State
Administration of Foreign Exchange, or SAFE, issued the Notice on Relevant
Issues in the Foreign Exchange Control over Financing and Return Investment
Through Special Purpose Companies by Residents Inside China, generally referred
to as Circular 75, which required PRC residents to register with the competent
local SAFE branch before establishing or acquiring control over an offshore
special purpose company, or SPV, for the purpose of engaging in an equity
financing outside of China on the strength of domestic PRC assets originally
held by those residents. Internal implementing guidelines issued by SAFE, which
became public in June 2007 (known as Notice 106), expanded the reach of Circular
75 by (i) purporting to cover the establishment or acquisition of control by PRC
residents of offshore entities which merely acquire “control” over domestic
companies or assets, even in the absence of legal ownership; (ii) adding
requirements relating to the source of the PRC resident’s funds used to
establish or acquire the offshore entity; (iii) covering the use of existing
offshore entities for offshore financings; (iv) purporting to cover situations
in which an offshore SPV establishes a new subsidiary in China or acquires an
unrelated company or unrelated assets in China; and (v) making the domestic
affiliate of the SPV responsible for the accuracy of certain documents which
must be filed in connection with any such registration, notably, the business
plan which describes the overseas financing and the use of proceeds. Amendments
to registrations made under Circular 75 are required in connection with any
increase or decrease of capital, transfer of shares, mergers and acquisitions,
equity investment or creation of any security interest in any assets located in
China to guarantee offshore obligations, and Notice 106 makes the offshore SPV
jointly responsible for these filings. In the case of an SPV which was
established, and which acquired a related domestic company or assets, before the
implementation date of Circular 75, a retroactive SAFE registration was required
to have been completed before March 31, 2006; this date was subsequently
extended indefinitely by Notice 106, which also required that the registrant
establish that all foreign exchange transactions undertaken by the SPV and its
affiliates were in compliance with applicable laws and regulations. Failure to
comply with the requirements of Circular 75, as applied by SAFE in accordance
with Notice 106, may result in fines and other penalties under PRC laws for
evasion of applicable foreign exchange restrictions. Any such failure could also
result in the SPV’s affiliates being impeded or prevented from distributing
their profits and the proceeds from any reduction in capital, share transfer or
liquidation to the SPV, or from engaging in other transfers of funds into or out
of China. We cannot provide any assurances that their existing registrations
have fully complied with, and they have made all necessary amendments to their
registration to fully comply with, all applicable registrations or approvals
required by Circular 75. Moreover, because of uncertainty over how Circular 75
will be interpreted and implemented, and how or whether SAFE will apply it to
us, we cannot predict how it will affect our business operations or future
strategies.
Risks
Related to our Common Stock
The
OTC Bulletin Board is a quotation system, not an issuer listing service, market
or exchange. Therefore, buying and selling stock on the OTC Bulletin Board is
not as efficient as buying and selling stock through an exchange. As a result,
it may be difficult for you to sell your common stock or you may not be able to
sell your common stock for an optimum trading price.
The OTC Bulletin Board is a regulated
quotation service that displays real-time quotes, last sale prices and volume
limitations in over-the-counter securities. Because trades and
quotations on the OTC Bulletin Board involve a manual process, the market
information for such securities cannot be guaranteed. In addition, quote
information, or even firm quotes, may not be available. The manual execution
process may delay order processing and intervening price fluctuations may result
in the failure of a limit order to execute or the execution of a market order at
a significantly different price. Execution of trades, execution reporting and
the delivery of legal trade confirmations may be delayed significantly.
Consequently, one may not be able to sell shares of our common stock at the
optimum trading prices.
If
we fail to maintain the adequacy of our internal controls, our ability to
provide accurate financial statements and comply with the requirements of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 could be impaired, which could cause our stock price
to decrease substantially.
Prior to
November 2007, the Huayang Companies operated as private companies without
public reporting obligations, and they committed limited personnel and resources
to the development of the external reporting and compliance obligations that
would be required of a public company. We are in the process of instituting
changes to satisfy our obligations in under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. We will need
to continue to improve our financial and managerial controls, reporting systems
and procedures, and documentation thereof. If our financial and managerial
controls, reporting systems or procedures fail, we may not be able to provide
accurate financial statements on a timely basis or comply with the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Any failure of our internal controls or our ability to
provide accurate financial statements could cause the trading price of our
common stock to decrease substantially.
We
do not anticipate paying any cash dividends.
We
presently do not anticipate that we will pay any dividends on any of our capital
stock in the foreseeable future. The securities purchase agreement relating to
our November 2007 private placement prohibits the payment of dividends on our
common stock or the purchase or common stock while the series A preferred stock
is outstanding. Subject to this restriction, the payment of any
dividends is within the discretion of our board of directors. We presently
intend to retain all earnings, if any, to implement our business plan; and we do
not anticipate the declaration of any dividends in the foreseeable
future.
Our
common stock is thinly traded and, you may be unable to sell at or near ask
prices or at all if you need to sell your shares to raise money or otherwise
desire to liquidate your shares.
Our
common stock has historically been thinly-traded on the OTC Bulletin Board,
meaning that the number of persons interested in purchasing our common shares at
or near bid prices at any given time may be relatively small or non-existent. As
a result, the market price for our common stock is particularly volatile. The
price at which you purchase our common stock may not be indicative of the price
that will prevail in the trading market. You may be unable to sell your common
stock at or above your purchase price if at all, which may result in substantial
losses to you.
Existing
stockholders may experience some dilution as a result of the exercise of
warrants and conversion of preferred stock.
As of
March 25, 2009, we had warrants to purchase a total of 16,133,501 shares of
common stock at an average exercise price of $0.50 per share and we had series A
preferred stock outstanding which are convertible into 14,028,189 shares of
common stock. Any issuances of shares upon any exercise of these
warrants or conversion of the series A preferred stock will cause dilution to
our stockholders.
ITEM
1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Not
applicable.
ITEM
2. PROPERTIES
Our main
office and our manufacturing facilities are located in Wuxi, China, on
approximately 215,000 square feet. We have been issued a land use right
certificate for the land until April 19, 2010 by the municipal government of
Wuxi City, which may be renewed. We currently have seven buildings on the
property as follows: office building, warehouse, raw material processing hall,
metal processing hall, assembling hall, laboratory and quality control, and
guard house. We believe that our existing facilities are well maintained and in
good operating condition.
In 2003,
we leased a plot of land approximately 5.1 acres from the local government of
the Town of Chienzhou in Wuxi City. The lease is for fifty years, until October
29, 2053, and the lease provides for a one-time payment of approximately
$500,000, which has been paid. This property is presently vacant, but will
facilitate our expansion plans in the future.
During
2008, we completed the purchase of an approximately 100,000 square foot factory,
land use rights that expire in December 31, 2052, employee housing facilities
and other leasehold improvements from a related party, Wuxi Huayuang Boiler
Company, Ltd. (“Huayuang Boiler”) for approximately $10.9
million. The transfer of the title to the buildings has not been
completed, and we expect the transfer to be completed by the third quarter of
2009. See “Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related
Transactions and Director Independence.”
ITEM
3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.
There are
no material legal proceedings pending against us.
ITEM
4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS.
None
PART
II
ITEM
5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND
ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Market
Information.
Our
common stock has traded on the OTC Bulletin Board under the symbol “CWSI” since
January 3, 2008. Our common stock was previously traded under the
symbol MLEX. The following table sets forth, for the periods
indicated, the reported high and low closing bid quotations for our common stock
by calendar quarters during 2007 and 2008 and the first quarter of 2009, through
March 30. These prices reflect inter-dealer quotations, do not include retail
markups, markdowns or commissions and do not necessarily reflect actual
transactions.
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2007
|
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2008
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|
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2009
|
|
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High
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|
|
Low
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|
|
High
|
|
|
Low
|
|
|
High
|
|
|
Low
|
|
First
quarter
|
|
$
|
1.35
|
|
|
$
|
0.15
|
|
|
$
|
2.80
|
|
|
$
|
1.55
|
|
|
|
0.56
|
|
|
|
0.21
|
|
Second
quarter
|
|
|
0.50
|
|
|
|
0.37
|
|
|
|
6.00
|
|
|
|
1.61
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Third
quarter
|
|
|
0.40
|
|
|
|
0.37
|
|
|
|
4.25
|
|
|
|
1.22
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fourth
quarter
|
|
|
2.54
|
|
|
|
0.37
|
|
|
|
1.14
|
|
|
|
0.42
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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On March
30, 2009, the last sale price of our common stock as reported on the OTCBB was
$0.38.
Shareholders
As of
March 26, 2009, we had approximately 1,154 shareholders of record of our common
stock.
Transfer
Agent
The
transfer agent for the common stock is Empire Stock Transfer Inc. The transfer
agent’s address is 2470 St. Rose Parkway, Suite 304, Henderson, Nevada 89074,
and its telephone number is (702) 818-5898.
Dividend
Policy
We have
not paid cash dividends on our common stock since the Company became public
through reverse merger. We intend to keep any future earnings to finance the
expansion of our business, and we do not anticipate that any cash dividends will
be paid in the foreseeable future. The securities purchase agreement
with the investors in the November 2007 private placement prohibits the payment
of dividends on our common stock or the purchase of common stock while the
series A preferred stock is outstanding.
ITEM
6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
As a
smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide the information called
for by Item 6 of Form 10-K.
ITEM
7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS.
Overview
Prior to
November 13, 2007, we were a public reporting blind pool company with no assets.
On November 13, 2007, we executed and completed the transactions contemplated by
the share exchange agreement with Fulland and its stockholders and Synergy,
which was then principal stockholder. Pursuant to this agreement, simultaneously
with the financing as discussed below, we (i) issued 36,577,704 shares of common
stock to the former stockholders of Fulland, (ii) purchased 8,006,490 shares of
common stock from Synergy for $625,000 and cancelled such shares, (iii) issued
Synergy 291,529 shares of common stock for professional services, and (iv) paid
cash fees of $415,000 in connection with the exchange agreement.
Fulland
conducts its business operations through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Green
Power, in PRC as a wholly-owned foreign limited liability company. Green Power,
through the Huayang Companies, is engaged in the design, manufacture and sale of
a variety of high and low temperature dyeing and finishing machinery, the
manufacture of high precision forged rolled rings for the wind power industry
and other industries and the design, manufacture and sale of electric power
auxiliary apparatuses (including coking equipment), sewage-treatment equipment
and related parts or fittings. Green Power operates and controls the Huayang
Companies through contractual arrangements. Fulland used the
contractual arrangements to acquire control of the Huayang Companies, instead of
acquiring the business of Huayang Companies in order not to violate the laws of
the PRC that significantly restrict a PRC company from selling its assets to a
foreign entity other than for cash and otherwise impose restriction on foreign
investment in PRC companies.
The
acquisition of Fulland was accounted for as a reverse merger because on a
post-merger basis, the former shareholders of Fulland held a majority of our
outstanding common stock on a voting and fully-diluted basis. As a result of the
share exchange, Fulland was deemed to be the acquirer for accounting purposes.
Accordingly, the financial statement data presented are those of the Huayang
Companies for all periods prior to our acquisition of Fulland on November 13,
2007, and the financial statements of the consolidated companies, including the
Huayang Companies, as VIEs, from the acquisition date forward.
Our
revenues are derived from two unrelated businesses – (1) the manufacture of
dyeing & finishing equipment and (2) the manufacture of forged rolled rings
and other components for the wind power and other industries and electric power
auxiliary apparatuses (including coking equipment). We market products from
these two segments with independent marketing groups to different customer
bases.
Historically,
the dyeing and finishing equipment business has been the principal source of our
revenue and operating income, accounting for 53.1% of revenue for the year ended
December 31, 2008 and 81.1% of revenues for the year ended December 31,
2007. Substantially all of our sales of these products are made to
companies in the PRC. As a result, we are dependent upon the continued growth of
the textile industry in the PRC. To the extent that growth in this industry
stagnates in the PRC, whether as a result of export restrictions from countries
such as the United States, who are major importers of Chinese-made textiles, or
shifts in international manufacturing to countries which may have a lower cost
than the PRC, or overexpansion of the Chinese textile industry, we will have
more difficulty in selling these products in the PRC, and we may have difficulty
exporting our equipment. Further, as the textile industry seeks to lower costs
by purchasing equipment that uses the most technological developments to improve
productivity, reduce costs and have less adverse environmental impact, if we are
not able to offer products utilizing the most current technology, our ability to
market our products will suffer. The Chinese textile industry has been severely
impacted by the worldwide economic downturn, which has resulted in a substantial
decline in exports. Additionally, the export market can also be
subject to protectionist measures imposed by importing countries seeking to
protect their own industries in a time of a declining demand for
products. As a result, we are experiencing a significant
decline in this segment of our business, and we cannot predict when, if at all,
business in this segment will improve. If we are not able to generate
sufficient business, we may discontinue this phase of our operations and
concentrate on our forged rings and electrical power equipment
segment.
In our
forged rolled rings and electrical power equipment segment, we manufacture high
precision forged rolled rings for the wind power industry and other industries.
Additionally, we also manufacture specialty equipment used in the production of
coal generated electricity. Revenue from our forged rolled rings and electrical
power equipment segment accounted for 46.9% of revenues for 2008, and 18.9% of
revenues for 2007.
The
following table sets forth information as to revenue of our forged rolled rings
and electrical power equipment segment in dollars and as a percent
of revenue:
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
Dollars
|
|
|
%
|
|
|
Dollars
|
|
|
%
|
|
Forged
rolled rings - wind power industry
|
|
$
|
6,723,865
|
|
|
|
33.9
|
%
|
|
$
|
458,988
|
|
|
|
9.9
|
%
|
Forged
rolled rings – other industries
|
|
|
10,769,002
|
|
|
|
54.3
|
%
|
|
|
1,443,930
|
|
|
|
31.2
|
%
|
Electrical
equipment
|
|
|
2,327,547
|
|
|
|
11.8
|
%
|
|
|
2,722,432
|
|
|
|
58.9
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
19,820,414
|
|
|
|
100
|
%
|
|
$
|
4,625,350
|
|
|
|
100
|
%
|
We expect
that rolled rings will become a more significant percentage of total revenues in
the future, and, in this connection we have expanding our manufacturing
facilities to enable us to manufacture forged rolled rings with a larger
diameter in order to meet the perceived needs of the wind power
industry.
We
purchased property from an affiliated company for a net price of approximately
$10,950,000. The property consists of an approximately 100,000 square foot
factory, land use rights, employee housing facilities and other leasehold
improvements. We are using this new facility to manufacture forged
rolled rings and other components for use in the wind power and other
industries. To date, most of our rolled ring sales have been for
non-wind applications. Now that we expanded our facilities to accommodate
the manufacture of rolled rings with larger diameters, we plan to develop
products designed to meet the needs of the wind power industry. Wind power
accounts for an insignificant percentage of the power generated in the PRC, and
our ability to market to this segment is dependent upon both the growth of the
acceptance of wind power as an energy source in the PRC and the acceptance of
our products.
In
addition to manufacturing forged roll rings, we market electrical power
equipment to operators of coal-fired electricity generation plants. Our ability
to market these products is dependent upon the continued growth of
coal-generated power plants and our ability to offer products that enable the
operators of the power plants to produce electricity through a cleaner process
than would otherwise be available at a reasonable cost. To the extent that
government regulations are adopted that require the power plants to reduce or
eliminate polluting discharges from power plants, our equipment would need to be
redesigned to meet such requirements.
Our
products are sold for use by manufacturers of industrial
equipment. Because of the recent decline in oil prices and the
general international economic trends, the demand for products used in
manufacturing in general including wind power industries, is
uncertain. Although we believe that over the long term, the wind
power segment will expand, and the government of the PRC has announced its
desire to increase the use of wind power as an energy source, in the short term
these factors may affect the requirements by our customers and potential
customers for our products. To the extent that the demand for our
forged rolled rings declines, our revenue and net income will be
affected.
A major element of our cost of sales is
raw materials, principally steel and other metals. These metals are subject to
price fluctuations, and recently these fluctuations have been
significant. In times of increasing prices, we need to try to fix the
price at which we purchases raw materials in order to avoid increases in costs
which we cannot recoup through increases in sales
prices. Similarly, in times of decreasing prices, we may have
purchased metals at prices which are high in terms of the price at which we can
sell our products, which also can impair our margins. During 2008,
our gross margins decreased from 2007 largely as a result of increases in the
price of steel and other metals that we were not able to pass on to our
customers.
Critical
Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our
discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are
based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in
accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.
The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and
judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and
expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We
continually evaluate our estimates, including those related to bad debts,
inventories, recovery of long-lived assets, income taxes, and the valuation of
equity transactions. We base our estimates on historical experience and on
various other assumptions that we believed to be reasonable under the
circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about
the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from
other sources. Any future changes to these estimates and assumptions could cause
a material change to our reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and
liabilities. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different
assumptions or conditions. We believe the following critical accounting policies
affect our more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of
the financial statements
Variable
Interest Entities
Pursuant
to Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 46 (Revised),
“Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities - an Interpretation of ARB No. 51”
(“FIN 46R”) we are required to include in our consolidated financial statements
the financial statements of variable interest entities. FIN 46R
requires a variable interest entity to be consolidated by a company if that
company is subject to a majority of the risk of loss for the variable interest
entity or is entitled to receive a majority of the variable interest entity’s
residual returns. Variable interest entities are those entities in which we,
through contractual arrangements, bear the risk of, and enjoy the rewards
normally associated with ownership of the entity, and therefore we are the
primary beneficiary of the entity.
The
Huayang Companies are considered variable interest entities (“VIE”), and we are
the primary beneficiary. On November 13, 2007, we entered into agreements with
the Huayang Companies pursuant to which we shall receive 100% of the Huayang
Companies net income. In accordance with these agreements, the Huayang Companies
shall pay consulting fees equal to 100% of its net income to our wholly-owned
subsidiary, Green Power, and Green Power shall supply the technology and
administrative services needed to service the Huayang Companies.
The
accounts of the Huayang Companies are consolidated in the accompanying financial
statements pursuant to FIN 46R. As a VIE, the Huayang Companies sales are
included in our total sales, its income from operations is consolidated with
our, and our net income includes all of the Huayang Companies net income. We do
not have any non-controlling interest and accordingly, did not subtract any net
income in calculating the net income attributable to us. Because of the
contractual arrangements, we have pecuniary interest in the Huayang Companies
that require consolidation of the Huayang Companies financial statements with
our financial statements.
Accounts
receivable
We
maintain allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from
the inability of our customers to make required payments. If the financial
condition of our customers were to deteriorate, resulting in an impairment of
their ability to make payments, additional allowances may be
required.
Inventories
Inventories,
consisting of raw materials and finished goods related our products are stated
at the lower of cost or market utilizing the weighted average method. An
allowance is established when management determines that certain inventories may
not be saleable. If inventory costs exceed expected market value due to
obsolescence or quantities in excess of expected demand, we will record
additional reserves for the difference between the cost and the market value.
These reserves are recorded based on estimates. We review inventory
quantities on hand and on order and record, on a quarterly basis, a provision
for excess and obsolete inventory, if necessary. If the results of the review
determine that a write-down is necessary, we recognize a loss in the period in
which the loss is identified, whether or not the inventory is retained. Our
inventory reserves establish a new cost basis for inventory and are not reversed
until we sell or dispose of the related inventory. Such provisions are
established based on historical usage, adjusted for known changes in demands for
such products, or the estimated forecast of product demand and production
requirements.
Property
and equipment
Property
and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. In
2008, in connection with the acquisition of a factory, leasehold improvement and
employee facilities from a related party, we reclassified approximately
$5,517,000, which represents the related party’s cost of constructing the
factory and related leasehold improvements and employee housing facilities to
property and equipment and reclassified approximately $404,000, which represents
the excess of amounts paid by the Company for the factory facilities over the
original cost of the factory facilities acquired, to a distribution to related
parties. These amounts has previously be classified as deposits of long-term
assets – related party. Depreciation is computed using straight-line
method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. The estimated useful lives
of the assets are as follows:
|
|
Useful
Life
|
Building
and building improvements
|
|
20
|
|
Years
|
Manufacturing
equipment
|
|
5 –
10
|
|
Years
|
Office
equipment and furniture
|
|
5
|
|
Years
|
Vehicle
|
|
5
|
|
Years
|
The cost
of repairs and maintenance is expensed as incurred; major replacements and
improvements are capitalized. When assets are retired or disposed of, the cost
and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts, and any resulting
gains or losses are included in income in the year of disposition.
Included
in property and equipment is construction-in-progress which consists of
factories and office buildings under construction and machinery pending
installation and includes the costs of construction, machinery and equipment,
and any interest charges arising from borrowings used to finance these assets
during the period of construction or installation. No provision for depreciation
is made on construction-in-progress until such time as the relevant assets are
completed and ready for their intended use.
In
accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 144,
“Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets,” we examine the
possibility of decreases in the value of fixed assets when events or changes in
circumstances reflect the fact that their recorded value may not be recoverable.
We recognize an impairment loss when the sum of expected undiscounted future
cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset. The amount of
impairment is measured as the difference between the asset’s estimated fair
value and its book value.
Land
use rights
There is
no private ownership of land in the PRC. All land in the PRC is owned by the
government and cannot be sold to any individual or company. The government
grants a land use right that permits the holder of the land use right to use the
land for a specified period. Our land use rights were granted with a term of 50
years. Any transfer of the land use right requires government
approval. We have recorded as an intangible asset the costs paid to
acquire a land use right. The land use rights are amortized on the straight-line
method over the land use right terms ranging from 45 to 50 years. In
2008, in connection with the acquisition of land use rights from a related
party, we received the certificate of land use rights from the government. At
the time we received the land use rights, $5,617,000 was carried as a deposit on
long-term assets – related party. As a result of the grant of the
land use rights, we reclassified this amount as follows: (i) approximately
$3,304,000 to land use rights and (ii) approximately $2,313,000 to distributions
to related parties. The distribution to related parties represents
the amount by which our purchase price for the land use right exceeds the cost
of the land use rights by the related parties.
Revenue
recognition
We
recognize revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery
has occurred or services have been rendered, the purchase price is fixed or
determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. We account for the
product sales as a multiple element arrangement. Revenue from multiple element
arrangements is allocated among the separate accounting units based on the
residual method. Under the residual method, the revenue is allocated to
undelivered elements based on fair value of such undelivered elements and the
residual amounts of revenue allocated to delivered elements. We recognize
revenue from the sale of dyeing and electric equipment upon shipment and
transfer of title. The other elements may include installation and generally a
one-year warranty. Equipment installation revenue is valued based on estimated
service person hours to complete installation and is recognized when the labor
has been completed and the equipment has been accepted by the customer, which is
generally within a close to the date of delivery of the equipment. Warranty
revenue is valued based on estimated service person hours to complete a service
and generally is recognized over the contract period. For the years ended
December 31, 2008 and 2007, amounts allocated to warranty revenues were not
material. Based on historical experience, warranty service calls and any related
labor costs have been minimal.
All other
product sales, including the forging of parts, with customer specific acceptance
provisions, are recognized upon customer acceptance and the delivery of the
parts or service. Revenues related to spare part sales are recognized upon
shipment or delivery based on the trade terms.
Research
and development
Research
and development costs are expensed as incurred, and are included in general and
administrative expenses. These costs primarily consist of cost of material used
and salaries paid for the development of our products and fees paid to third
parties. We had no research and development expenses in2008 and
2007.
Income
taxes
We are
governed by the Income Tax Law of the PRC. Income taxes are accounted for under
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, “Accounting for Income
Taxes,” which is an asset and liability approach that requires the recognition
of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences
of events that have been recognized in our financial statements or tax returns.
The charge for taxes is based on the results for the year as adjusted for items,
which are non-assessable or disallowed. It is calculated using tax rates that
have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet
date.
Deferred
tax is accounted for using the balance sheet liability method in respect of
temporary differences arising from differences between the carrying amount of
assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax
basis used in the computation of assessable tax profit. In principle, deferred
tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences, and
deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probably that
taxable profit will be available against which deductible temporary differences
can be utilized.
Deferred
tax is calculated using tax rates that are expected to apply to the period when
the asset is realized or the liability is settled. Deferred tax is charged or
credited in the income statement, except when it is related to items credited or
charged directly to equity, in which case the deferred tax is also dealt with in
equity.
Deferred
tax assets and liabilities are offset when they related to income taxes levied
by the same taxation authority and the Company intends to settle its current tax
assets and liabilities on a net basis.
We
adopted FASB Interpretation 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes”
(“FIN 48”), as of January 1, 2007. A tax position is recognized as a benefit
only if it is “more likely than not” that the tax position would be sustained in
a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The amount
recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely
of being realized on examination. For tax positions not meeting the “more likely
than not” test, no tax benefit is recorded. The adoption had no affect on our
financial statements.
Recent
accounting pronouncements
In
December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(R),
“Business Combinations”
(“SFAS 141(R)”), which replaces SFAS No. 141. SFAS No. 141(R) establishes
principles and requirements for how an acquirer recognizes and measures in its
financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed,
any non-controlling interest in the acquiree and the goodwill acquired. The
Statement also establishes disclosure requirements which will enable users to
evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS
141(R) is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. The
adoption of SFAS 141(R) may have an impact on accounting for future business
combinations once adopted.
In
December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160,
“Non-controlling Interests in
Consolidated Financial Statements – an amendment of Accounting Research Bulletin
No. 51”
(“SFAS 160”), which establishes accounting and reporting
standards for ownership interests in subsidiaries held by parties other than the
parent, the amount of consolidated net income attributable to the parent and to
the non-controlling interest, changes in a parent’s ownership interest and the
valuation of retained non-controlling equity investments when a subsidiary is
deconsolidated. The Statement also establishes reporting requirements that
provide sufficient disclosures that clearly identify and distinguish between the
interests of the parent and the interests of the non-controlling owners. SFAS
160 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. We do not
expect SFAS No. 160 to have a material impact on the preparation of its
consolidated financial statements.
In
March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS 161, “
Disclosures about Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities
”
.
The new standard is
intended to improve financial reporting about derivative instruments and hedging
activities by requiring enhanced disclosures to enable investors to better
understand their effects on an entity’s financial position, financial
performance, and cash flows. It is effective for financial statements issued for
fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with
early application encouraged. We do not expect SFAS No. 161 to have a material
impact on the preparation of its consolidated financial statements.
In May
2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued FASB Staff
Position (“FSP”) APB 14-1,
Accounting for Convertible Debt
Instruments That May Be Settled in Cash upon Conversion (Including Partial Cash
Settlement)
. FSP APB 14-1 clarifies that convertible debt instruments
that may be settled in cash upon either mandatory or optional conversion
(including partial cash settlement) are not addressed by paragraph 12 of APB
Opinion No. 14,
Accounting for
Convertible Debt and Debt issued with Stock Purchase Warrants
.
Additionally, FSP APB 14-1 specifies that issuers of such instruments should
separately account for the liability and equity components in a manner that will
reflect the entity’s non-convertible debt borrowing rate when interest cost is
recognized in subsequent periods. FSP APB 14-1 is effective for financial
statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and
interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company will adopt FSP APB 14-1
beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2009, and this standard must be applied
on a retroactive basis. We are evaluating the impact the adoption of FSP APB
14-1 will have on our consolidated financial position and results of
operations.
In May
2008, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No.
162,
The Hierarchy of
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
. This standard is intended to
improve financial reporting by identifying a consistent framework, or hierarchy,
for selecting accounting principles to be used in preparing financial statements
that are presented in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles
in the United States for non-governmental entities. SFAS No. 162 is effective 60
days following approval by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”)
of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board’s amendments to AU Section 411,
The Meaning of Present Fairly
in Conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
. We do not
expect SFAS No. 162 to have a material impact on the preparation of our
consolidated financial statements.
On June
16, 2008, the FASB issued final Staff Position (FSP) No. EITF 03-6-1, “
Determining Whether Instruments
Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions Are Participating
Securities
,” to address the question of whether instruments granted in
share-based payment transactions are participating securities prior to vesting.
As provided in the FSP, unvested share-based payment awards that contain rights
to dividend payments should be included in earnings per share calculations. The
guidance will be effective commencing in the year ended December 31, 2009. We
are currently evaluating the requirements of EITF 03-6-1 as well as the impact
of the adoption on our consolidated financial statements.
In
June 2008, the FASB ratified Emerging Issues Task Force Issue
No. 07-5, “Determining Whether an Instrument (or Embedded Feature) is
Indexed to an Entity’s Own Stock” (“EITF 07-5”). EITF 07-5 mandates a two-step
process for evaluating whether an equity-linked financial instrument or embedded
feature is indexed to the entity’s own stock. Warrants that a company
issues that contain a strike price adjustment feature, upon the adoption of EITF
07-5, are no longer being considered indexed to the company’s own stock.
Accordingly, adoption of EITF 07-5 will change the current classification (from
equity to liability) and the related accounting for such warrants outstanding at
that date. EITF 07-5 is effective for fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The
Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of EITF 07-5 will have
on its financial statement presentation and disclosures.
In
December 2008, the FASB issued FSP FAS 140-4 and FIN 46(R)-8, “Disclosures by
Public Entities (Enterprises) about Transfers of Financial Assets and Interests
in Variable Interest Entities” (“FSP FAS 140-4 and FIN 46(R)-8”). FSP FAS 140-4
and FIN 46(R)-8 amends FAS 140 and FIN 46(R) to require additional disclosures
regarding transfers of financial assets and interest in variable interest
entities. FSP FAS 140-4 and FIN 46(R)-8 is effective for interim or annual
reporting periods ending after December 15, 2008. The adoption of FSP
FAS 140-4 and FIN 46(R)-8 did not have an impact on our consolidated financial
position and results of operations.
Currency
Exchange Rates
All of
our sales are denominated in RMB. As a result, changes in the relative values of
U.S. Dollars and RMB affect our reported levels of revenues and profitability as
the results are translated into U.S. Dollars for reporting purposes. In
particular, fluctuations in currency exchange rates could have a significant
impact on our financial stability due to a mismatch among various foreign
currency-denominated sales and costs. Fluctuations in exchange rates between the
U.S. dollar and RMB affect our gross and net profit margins and could
result in foreign exchange and operating losses.
Our
exposure to foreign exchange risk primarily relates to currency gains or losses
resulting from timing differences between signing of sales contracts and
settling of these contracts. Furthermore, we translate monetary assets and
liabilities denominated in other currencies into RMB, the functional currency of
our operating business. Our results of operations and cash flow are translated
at average exchange rates during the period, and assets and liabilities are
translated at the unified exchange rate as quoted by the People’s Bank of China
at the end of the period. Translation adjustments resulting from this process
are included in accumulated other comprehensive income in our statement of
shareholders’ equity. We have not used any forward contracts, currency options
or borrowings to hedge our exposure to foreign currency exchange risk. We cannot
predict the impact of future exchange rate fluctuations on our results of
operations and may incur net foreign currency losses in the future. As our sales
denominated in foreign currencies, such as RMB and Euros, continue to grow, we
will consider using arrangements to hedge our exposure to foreign currency
exchange risk.
Our
financial statements are expressed in U.S. dollars but the functional
currency of our operating subsidiary is RMB. The value of your investment in our
stock will be affected by the foreign exchange rate between U.S. dollars
and RMB. To the extent we hold assets denominated in U.S. dollars, any
appreciation of the RMB against the U.S. dollar could result in a change to
our statement of operations and a reduction in the value of our U.S. dollar
denominated assets. On the other hand, a decline in the value of RMB against the
U.S. dollar could reduce the U.S. dollar equivalent amounts of our
financial results, the value of your investment in our company and the dividends
we may pay in the future, if any, all of which may have a material adverse
effect on the price of our stock.
RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
The
following table sets forth the results of our operations for the periods
indicated as a percentage of net revenues:
|
|
Year Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
Dollars
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
|
Dollars
|
|
|
Percent
|
|
NET
REVENUES
|
|
$
|
42,285,485
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
$
|
24,418,385
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
COST
OF REVENUES
|
|
|
31,740,041
|
|
|
|
75.1
|
%
|
|
|
17,366,000
|
|
|
|
71.1
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GROSS
PROFIT
|
|
|
10,545,444
|
|
|
|
24.9
|
%
|
|
|
7,052,385
|
|
|
|
28.9
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
OPERATING
EXPENSES
|
|
|
2,482,114
|
|
|
|
5.9
|
%
|
|
|
1,390,090
|
|
|
|
5.7
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
INCOME
FROM OPERATIONS
|
|
|
8,063,330
|
|
|
|
19.0
|
%
|
|
|
5,662,295
|
|
|
|
23.2
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
OTHER
INCOME (EXPENSES)
|
|
|
(2,346,119
|
)
|
|
|
5.5
|
%
|
|
|
6,299,876
|
|
|
|
25.8
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
INCOME
BEFORE PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES
|
|
|
5,717,211
|
|
|
|
13.5
|
%
|
|
|
11,962,171
|
|
|
|
49.0
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PROVISION
FOR INCOME TAXES
|
|
|
2,234,948
|
|
|
|
5.3
|
%
|
|
|
1,649,430
|
|
|
|
6.8
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET
INCOME
|
|
|
3,482,263
|
|
|
|
8.2
|
%
|
|
|
10,312,741
|
|
|
|
42.2
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
OTHER
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign
currency translation adjustment
|
|
|
1,688,944
|
|
|
|
4.0
|
%
|
|
|
1,013,735
|
|
|
|
4.2
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
COMPREHENSIVE
INCOME
|
|
$
|
5,171,207
|
|
|
|
12.2
|
%
|
|
$
|
11,326,476
|
|
|
|
46.4
|
%
|
The
following table sets forth information as to the gross margin for our two lines
of business for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007.
|
|
Year Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
Dyeing
and finishing equipment:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue
|
|
$
|
22,465,071
|
|
|
$
|
19,793,035
|
|
Cost
of sales
|
|
|
16,625,893
|
|
|
|
13,998,218
|
|
Gross
profit
|
|
|
5,839,178
|
|
|
|
5,794,817
|
|
Gross
margin
|
|
|
26.0
|
%
|
|
|
29.28
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Forged
rolled rings and electric power equipment:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue
|
|
$
|
19,820,414
|
|
|
$
|
4,625,350
|
|
Cost
of sales
|
|
|
15,114,148
|
|
|
|
3,367,782
|
|
Gross
profit
|
|
|
4,706,266
|
|
|
|
1,257,568
|
|
Gross
margin
|
|
|
23.7
|
%
|
|
|
27.19
|
%
|
Revenues.
For the year ended
December 31, 2008, we had revenues of $42,285,485, as compared to revenues of
$24,418,385 for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of approximately
73.2%. The increase in total revenue was attributable to increases from both of
our segments and is summarized as follows:
|
|
For
the Year
Ended
December
31,
2008
|
|
|
For
the Year
Ended
December
31,
2007
|
|
|
Increase
(Decrease)
|
|
|
Percentage
Change
|
|
Dyeing
and finishing equipment
|
|
$
|
22,465,072
|
|
|
$
|
19,793,035
|
|
|
$
|
2,672,037
|
|
|
|
13.5
|
%
|
Forged
rolled rings - wind power industry
|
|
|
6,723,865
|
|
|
|
458,988
|
|
|
|
6,264,877
|
|
|
|
1364.9
|
%
|
Forged
rolled rings – other industries
|
|
|
10,769,002
|
|
|
|
1,443,930
|
|
|
|
9,325,072
|
|
|
|
645.8
|
%
|
Electrical
equipment
|
|
|
2,327,547
|
|
|
|
2,722,432
|
|
|
|
(394,885
|
)
|
|
|
(14.5
|
)%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
net revenues
|
|
$
|
42,285,486
|
|
|
$
|
24,418,385
|
|
|
$
|
17,867,101
|
|
|
|
73.2
|
%
|
Our
revenue increases were attributable to:
|
•
|
The
increase in revenues from the sale of dyeing and finishing equipment was
attributable to strong sales of our equipment to the textile industry,
particularly during the first half of the year, with revenues decreasing
in the third and fourth quarters.
|
|
•
|
Our
forged rolled rings business was in the startup phase during 2007, with
revenue from wind power uses being $456,988 and revenue from other
operations being $1,443,930. We recognized significant
increases in forged rolled rings in both the wind power industry and other
industries such as the railway, heavy machinery manufacturing,
petrochemical, metallurgical, sea port machinery, and defense and radar
industry as a result of our marketing efforts aimed at these
businesses. The revenue from the sale of forged rings to the
wind power industry is attributable to the demand for our forged rolled
rings that will be used in the production of wind turbine components such
as gear boxes and yaw bearings. The wind power industry is experiencing
such tremendous growth that the industry is facing a serious shortage of
various components, principally gearboxes and
bearings.
|
|
•
|
The
change in revenues from the sale of standard and custom auxiliary
equipment for use in the power industry in China was minimal and is
attributable to the continued sale of additional pieces of equipment to
the power industry.
|
Cost of sales.
Cost of sales
for the year ended December 31, 2008 increased $14,374,041 or 82.8%, from
$17,366,000 for 2007 to $31,740,041 for 2008. Cost of goods sold for Dyeing was
$16,625,893 for 2008, as compared to $13,998,218 for 2007. Cost of sales related
to the manufacture of forged rolled rings and other components and electric
power generating equipment was $15,114,148 for 2008 as compared to $3,367,782
for 2007.
Gross profit and gross
margin.
Our gross profit was $10,545,444 for 2008 as compared to
$7,052,385 for 2007, representing gross margins of 24.9% and 28.9%,
respectively. Gross profit for Dyeing was $5,839,178 for 2008 as compared to
$5,794,817 for 2007, representing gross margins of approximately 26.0% and
29.28%, respectively. The modest decrease in our gross margin was attributable
to an increase in the cost of raw materials, such as steel and other metals,
which could not be passed on to our customers during that period. Gross profit
from forged rolled rings and electric power equipment segment was $4,706,266 for
2008 as compared to $1,257,568 for 2007, representing gross margins of
approximately 23.7% and 27.2%, respectively. The decrease in our gross margin
was attributable to an increase in the cost of raw materials, such as steel and
other metals, which could not be passed on to our customers during that
period.
Depreciation
. Depreciation
was $648,952 in 2008 and $598,507 in 2007, of which $343,120 for 2008 and
$315,710 for 2007 is included in cost of sales and $305,832 for 2008 and
$282,797 for 2007 is included in operating expenses. During 2009, we expect to
record an increase in depreciation expense attributable to the depreciation of
our new factory building and related equipment which we began depreciating in
January 2009.
Selling, general and administrative
expenses.
Selling, general and administrative expenses totaled $2,176,282
for 2008, as compared to $1,107,293 for 2007, an increase of $1,068,989 or
approximately 96.5%. Selling, general and administrative expenses consisted of
the following:
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
Professional
fees
|
|
$
|
514,475
|
|
|
$
|
196,025
|
|
Bad
debt
|
|
|
203,650
|
|
|
|
377,608
|
|
Compensation
and related benefits
|
|
|
407,368
|
|
|
|
95,440
|
|
Travel
|
|
|
228,511
|
|
|
|
196,312
|
|
Other
|
|
|
822,278
|
|
|
|
241,908
|
|
|
|
$
|
2,176,282
|
|
|
$
|
1,107,293
|
|
|
•
|
Since
the share exchange in November 2007, we have incurred professional fees,
principally as a result of our status as a public company. In 2008, we
have incurred professional fees of $514,475 compared to $196,025 in 2007.
Professional fees in 2008 includes accounting fees of $111,238, investor
relation fees of $195,149, legal fees of $183,669, Edgar filing fees of
$23,311 and other professional fees of
$1,108.
|
|
•
|
Bad
debt decreased by $173,958, or 46.1%, in 2008 as compared to 2007. In
2008, based on our periodic review of accounts receivable balances, we
recorded bad debt expense and increased the allowance for doubtful
accounts after considering management’s evaluation of the collectability
of individual receivable balances, including the analysis of subsequent
collections, the customers’ collection history, and recent economic
events.
|
|
•
|
Compensation
and related benefits increased in 2008 by $311,928, or 326.8%, as
compared to 2007. In 2008, we hired additional personnel in accounting,
our chief financial officer, a translator, and administration staff due to
our increased operations and additional workload in connection with being
a public company. In November 2007, we hired additional personnel in
accounting, our chief financial officer, a translator, and administration
staff due to our increased operations and additional workload in
connection with being a public company. Additionally, the increase in
compensation and related benefits reflected stock based compensation of
$75,000 resulting from the issuance of common stock to two independent
directors.
|
|
•
|
Travel
expense in 2008 increased by $32,199, or 16.4%, as compared to 2007. The
increase is related to increased travel by sales personnel and engineers
as well as increased travel due to investor road
shows.
|
|
•
|
Other
selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $580,370 in 2008
as compared with 2007 due to increased operations, an increase in shipping
expenses of approximately $104,000, an increase in consulting fees of
$86,424, an increase in insurance expense primarily due to our directors’
and officers’ liability policy of $76,300, and increase in rent expense
related to our land use rights of approximately
$81,200.
|
Income from operations.
For
the year ended December 31, 2008, income from operations amounted to $8,063,330,
as compared to $5,662,295 for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of
$2,401,035 or 42.4%.
Other income (expenses)
. For
2008, other expense amounted to $2,346,119 as compared to other income of
$6,299,876 for 2007. In 2008, other expenses included:
|
•
|
interest
expense of $2,298,874, consisting of non-cash interest expense of
$2,263,661 from the amortization of the balance of debt discount arising
from the valuation of the beneficial conversion features recorded in
connection with our November 2007 private placement, interest expense of
$55,932 incurred on our outstanding loans, offset by the
reversal of accrued interest of
$20,719;
|
|
•
|
amortization
of debt issuance costs of $21,429;
|
|
•
|
foreign
currency losses of $13,400, and
|
|
•
|
interest
income of $13,569.
|
For 2007, other income consisted of
interest income of $2,942 and other income of $57,198 offset by interest expense
of $466,704 primarily from the amortization of the balance of debt discount
arising from the valuation of the beneficial conversion features recorded in
connection with our November 2007 private placement, and the amortization of
debt issuance costs of $3,571. Additionally, in 2007, other income
includes a gain from the forgiveness of income and value-added taxes of
$6,710,011 and reflects the reversal of tax accruals previously made resulting
from the grant by the local tax agency to the Huayang Companies of a special tax
exemption and release from any unpaid corporate income tax and value added tax
liabilities and any related penalties through September 30, 2007. This waiver
covered all tax reporting periods through September 30, 2007.
Income tax expense
. Income
tax expense increased $585,518, or approximately 35.5% during the year ended
December 31, 2008, primarily as a result of the increase in taxable income
generated by our operating entities.
Net income.
As a result of
the factors described above, our net income for 2008 was $3,482,263, or
$0.01 per share (basic and diluted), as compared to $10,312,741, or
$0.28 per share (basic) and $0.26 per share (diluted), for 2007, a decrease
of $6,830,478.
Foreign currency translation gain.
The functional currency of our subsidiaries operating in the PRC is the
Chinese Yuan or Renminbi (“RMB”). The financial statements of our subsidiaries
are translated to U.S. dollars using period end rates of exchange for assets and
liabilities, and average rates of exchange (for the period) for revenues, costs,
and expenses. Net gains and losses resulting from foreign exchange transactions
are included in the consolidated statements of operations. As a result of these
translations, which are a non-cash adjustment, we reported a foreign currency
translation gain of $1,688,944 for 2008 as compared to $1,013,735 for 2007. This
non-cash gain had the effect of increasing our reported comprehensive
income.
Comprehensive income.
For the
year ended December 31, 2008, comprehensive income of $5,171,207 is derived from
the sum of our net income of $3,482,263 plus foreign currency translation gains
of $1,688,944.
Liquidity
and Capital Resources
Liquidity
is the ability of a company to generate funds to support its current and future
operations, satisfy its obligations and otherwise operate on an ongoing
basis. At December 31, 2008 and 2007, we had cash balances of
$328,614 and $5,025,434, respectively. These funds are located in financial
institutions located as follows:
|
|
December
31, 2008
|
|
|
December
31, 2007
|
|
Country:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United
States
|
|
$
|
832
|
|
|
|
0.3
|
%
|
|
$
|
171,121
|
|
|
|
3.4
|
%
|
China
|
|
|
327,782
|
|
|
|
99.7
|
%
|
|
|
4,854,313
|
|
|
|
96.6
|
%
|
Total
cash and cash equivalents
|
|
$
|
328,614
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
$
|
5,025,434
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
The
following table sets forth information as to the principal changes in the
components of our working capital from December 31, 2007 to December 31, 2008
(dollars in thousands):
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
December 31, 2007 to
December 31,
2008
|
|
Category
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
Change
|
|
|
Percent Change
|
|
Current
assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
|
$
|
329
|
|
|
$
|
5,025
|
|
|
|
(4,696
|
)
|
|
|
(93.5
|
)%
|
Notes
receivable
|
|
|
270
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
270
|
|
|
|
n/a
|
|
Accounts
receivable, net
|
|
|
4,518
|
|
|
|
2,158
|
|
|
|
2,360
|
|
|
|
109.4
|
%
|
Inventory
|
|
|
1,892
|
|
|
|
1,930
|
|
|
|
(38
|
)
|
|
|
2.0
|
%
|
Advances
to suppliers
|
|
|
118
|
|
|
|
938
|
|
|
|
(820
|
)
|
|
|
(87.4
|
)%
|
Due
from related party
|
|
|
437
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
437
|
|
|
|
n/a
|
|
Prepaid
expenses and other current assets
|
|
|
22
|
|
|
|
379
|
|
|
|
(357
|
)
|
|
|
(94.2
|
)%
|
Current
liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loans
payable
|
|
|
1,021
|
|
|
|
820
|
|
|
|
201
|
|
|
|
24.5
|
%
|
Convertible
debt, net of debt discount
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
3,261
|
|
|
|
(3,261
|
)
|
|
|
(100.0
|
)%
|
Accounts
payable
|
|
|
2,485
|
|
|
|
1,846
|
|
|
|
639
|
|
|
|
34.6
|
%
|
Accrued
expenses
|
|
|
188
|
|
|
|
199
|
|
|
|
(11
|
)
|
|
|
(5.5
|
)%
|
VAT
and service taxes payable
|
|
|
97
|
|
|
|
435
|
|
|
|
(338
|
)
|
|
|
(77.7
|
)%
|
Advances
from customers
|
|
|
46
|
|
|
|
77
|
|
|
|
(31
|
)
|
|
|
(40.3
|
)%
|
Due
to related party
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
99
|
|
|
|
(99
|
)
|
|
|
(100.0
|
)%
|
Income
tax payable
|
|
|
569
|
|
|
|
508
|
|
|
|
61
|
|
|
|
12.0
|
%
|
Working
capital:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
current assets
|
|
|
7,586
|
|
|
|
10,430
|
|
|
|
(2,844
|
)
|
|
|
(27.3
|
)%
|
Total
current liabilities
|
|
|
4,406
|
|
|
|
7,245
|
|
|
|
2,839
|
|
|
|
39.2
|
%
|
Working
capital
|
|
|
3,180
|
|
|
|
3,185
|
|
|
|
(5
|
)
|
|
|
|
*
|
* – less
than 1%
Our
working capital decreased $6,010 to $3,179,265 at December 31, 2008 from working
capital of $3,185,275 at December 31, 2007. This decrease in working capital is
primarily attributable to a decrease in cash of $4,696,820, a decrease of
advance to suppliers of $820,536 and an increase in accounts payable of $639,368
offset by a net increase in accounts receivable of $2,359,847, an increase in
notes receivable of $269,549. Our cash at December 31, 2007 reflected
our receipt of net proceeds of approximately $4,455,000 in our November 2007
private placement, for which we issued our convertible notes in the principal
amount of $5,525,000, which had a carrying value, as a result of the deferred
debt discount, of $3,261,000 at December 31, 2007. We issued
the convertible debt because we did not have an authorized class of preferred
stock. During 2008, we amended our certificate of incorporation to
create a series of preferred stock and we filed a certificate of designation
creating the series A preferred stock. As a result, all of the
convertible debt was converted into series A convertible preferred stock and
warrants, and no convertible debt was outstanding at December 31,
2008.
At December 31, 2008, our accounts
receivable were $4,518,259, of which $1,894,118 were generated from our Dyeing
segment and $2,624,141 were generated by our forged rolled rings and electric
power equipment segment. We believe that our collection remains strong and that
our reserves for bad debts reflects the risk of nonpayment by our customers.
However, the worldwide economic downturn may affect our customers’ ability to
pay, particularly in the Dyeing segment.
Net cash
flow provided by operating activities was $5,228,724 for the year ended December
31, 2008 as compared to net cash flow provided by in operating activities of
$9,018,217 for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $3,789,493. Net
cash flow provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2008
was mainly due to net income of $3,482,263, the $648,952 of depreciation, the
amortization of debt discount to interest expense of $2,263,661, the increase in
our allowance for bad debt of $203,414, non-cash amortization associated with
land use rights of $84,906, and the add-back of stock-based compensation of
$113,420, a decrease in inventories of $164,596, a decrease in advances to
suppliers of $869,784 and an increase in accounts payable of $490,230
offset by an increase in accounts receivable of $2,384,061, an increase in
prepaid and other current assets of $338,063, and the payment of VAT and service
taxes of $360,984.
Net cash
flow used in investing activities was $13,721,576 for the year ended December
31, 2008 as compared to net cash used in investing activities of $9,401,369 for
the year ended December 31, 2007. For the year ended December 31, 2008, we
received cash from the repayment of amounts due from related parties of $145,534
and from the sale of our cost-method investee of $35,908 offset by the purchase
of property and equipment of $13,813,297 and the payment of deposits on factory
equipment of $89,721. For the year ended December 31, 2007, we received cash
from the repayment of amounts due from related parties of $948,722 offset by the
purchase of property and equipment of $10,566 and the payments of deposits on
long-term assets of $10,339,525.
Net cash
flow provided by financing activities was $3,622,102 in fiscal 2008 as compared
to net cash provided by financing activities of $4,943,466 for fiscal 2007. For
2008, we received gross proceeds from exercise of warrants of $2,187,566 and
proceeds from sales of common stock of $1,393,883, proceeds from short-term bank
loans of $143,632, offset by payments on related party advances of $102,979. For
the year ended December 31, 2007, we received gross proceeds from our debt
financing of $5,525,000, proceeds from short-term bank loans of $393,846, and
proceeds from related party advances of $94,620 offset by payment in connection
with the recapitalization of $1,070,000.
In July
2007, in connection with the expansion of our forged rolled ring and electrical
power equipment segment to develop and market forged rolled rings and related
equipment to the wind power industry, we acquired a factory, together with the
related land use rights, employee housing facilities and other leasehold
improvements from a related party for a net price of approximately
$10,950,000. As of December 31, 2008, the amount was paid in full,
with approximately $90,000 being paid in 2008. Additionally, in 2008, we
incurred additional construction and improvement costs and acquired new
equipment of approximately $13.8 million for the expansion of our rolled ring
business to enable us to manufacture larger rolled rings and other
components.
On November 13, 2007, we raised gross
proceeds of $5,525,000 from the sale of our 3% convertible notes in the
principal amount of $5,525,000. On March 28, 2008, the notes were automatically
converted into an aggregate of 14,787,135 shares of series A preferred stock and
warrants to purchase 11,176,504 shares of common stock at $0.58 per share,
5,588,252 shares of common stock at $0.83 per share, and 2,065,000 shares of
common stock at $0.92 per share upon the filing of the restated certificate of
incorporation and a statement of designations setting forth the rights of the
holders of the series A convertible preferred stock. In November 2008, as a
result of our sale of common stock at $0.40 per share, the exercise price of
warrants to purchase 6,501,077 shares of common stock was reduced to $0.40 per
share, and the exercise price of warrants to purchase 9,232,424 was reduced to
$0.567 per share, which was further reduced to $0..566 as a result of the
issuance of warrants in our March 2009 debt financing.
In 2008,
we received $2,187,566 from the exercise of warrants to purchase 3,096,255
shares of common stock. As of the date of this report, the market
price for our common stock is less than the exercise price of the warrants and
we have not registered the shares of common stock underlying the
warrants. As a result, we do not anticipate that we will receive any
proceeds from the exercise of the warrants issued in the November 2007 private
placement unless the market price of the stock is greater than the exercise
price, as to which we can give no assurance, and we have registered the
underlying common stock.
On
October 17, 2008, we sold our six-month 17.4% subordinated note in the principal
amount of $575,000 for $575,000. In connection with the issuance of the note, we
entered into a consulting agreement with an affiliate of the lender pursuant to
which we paid consulting fees at a rate of $31,662.50 per month. On
November 14, 2008, we repaid the principal balance of this note in full and
issued 96,050 shares of common stock as payment of interest of $6,757 and
consulting fees of $31,663. The shares were valued at fair value on date of
grant at $0.40 per share. Also in connection with the note, the
lender, who held warrants issued upon conversion of the subordinated note issued
in the November 2007 private placement, purchased 303,434 shares of common stock
upon exercise of warrants for $175,000.
During
the October and November 2008, we sold 3,520,000 shares of common stock, at a
purchase price of $0.40 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of
$1,408,000. Certain of the investors had previously signed
subscription agreements for the purchase of shares at a price of $0.60 per
share. These investors signed a restated subscription agreement that reflected
the $0.40 per share purchase price. In connection with this financing, the
Company paid legal and other expenses of $14,117.
In March
2009, we sold to two investors our 18-month, 15% notes in the aggregate
principal amount of $250,000 and warrants to purchase 437,500 shares of common
stock at an exercise price of $0.40 per share. Pursuant to the
related purchase agreements, our chief executive officer placed 1,531,250 shares
of common stock into escrow. The note holders have the right to take
these shares, valued at $0.20 per share, in payment of the interest or
principal, as the case may be, if we do not pay the interest on or principal of
the note before it becomes an event of default. Pursuant to the loan
documents, in the event of that Leo Wang ceases to be employed by us as our
chief financial officer the holders of not less than $126,000 principal amount
of the notes, shall have the right, on not less than 60 days’ notice, to declare
the notes in default. If Mr. Wang ceases to be employed by us as a
result of his death, disability or a termination for cause, than we shall have
60 days to replace Mr. Wang with a chief financial officer acceptable to
investors.
Contractual
Obligations and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Contractual
Obligations
We have
certain fixed contractual obligations and commitments that include future
estimated payments. Changes in our business needs, cancellation provisions,
changing interest rates, and other factors may result in actual payments
differing from the estimates. We cannot provide certainty regarding the timing
and amounts of payments. We have presented below a summary of the most
significant assumptions used in our determination of amounts presented in the
tables, in order to assist in the review of this information within the context
of our consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash
flows.
The
following tables summarize our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2008,
and the effect these obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash
flows in future periods.
|
Payments Due by
Period
|
|
|
Total
|
|
Less than
1 year
|
|
1-3
Years
|
|
3-5
Years
|
|
5 Years
+
|
|
|
|
|
Contractual Obligations :
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bank
indebtedness (1)
|
|
$
|
1,021,272
|
|
|
$
|
1,021,272
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
Contractual Obligations:
|
|
$
|
1,021,272
|
|
|
$
|
1,021,272
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
(1)
|
Bank
indebtedness consists of short term bank
loans.
|
Off-balance
Sheet Arrangements
We have
not entered into any other financial guarantees or other commitments to
guarantee the payment obligations of any third parties. We have not entered into
any derivative contracts that are indexed to our shares and classified as
shareholder’s equity or that are not reflected in our consolidated financial
statements. Furthermore, we do not have any retained or contingent interest in
assets transferred to an unconsolidated entity that serves as credit, liquidity
or market risk support to such entity. We do not have any variable interest in
any unconsolidated entity that provides financing, liquidity, market risk or
credit support to us or engages in leasing, hedging or research and development
services with us.
Item
7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET
RISK
Not
applicable for smaller reporting companies
ITEM
8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
The financial statements begin on page
F-1.
ITEM
9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL
DISCLOSURE.
None.
ITEM
9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.
Disclosure
Controls and Procedures
As
required by Rule 13a-15 under the Exchange Act, our management, including
Jianhua Wu, our Chief Executive Officer, and Leo Wang, our Chief Financial
Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our
disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2008.
Disclosure
controls and procedures refer to controls and other procedures designed to
ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file or
submit under the Securities Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and
reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC and
that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management,
including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as
appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In
designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, management
recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and
operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control
objectives, and management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating and
implementing possible controls and procedures.
Management
conducted its evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures under the
supervision of our chief executive officer and our chief financial officer.
Based on that evaluation, Messrs. Wu and Wang concluded that because of the
significant deficiencies in internal control over financial reporting described
below, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of December
31, 2008.
Management’s
Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our
management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal
control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)
under the Securities Exchange Act. Our management is also required to
assess and report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial
reporting in accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
(“Section 404”). Management assessed the effectiveness of our
internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008. In
making this assessment, we used the criteria set forth by the Committee of
Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal
Control – Integrated Framework. During our assessment of the effectiveness
of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008,
management identified significant deficiencies related to (i) the U.S. GAAP
expertise of our internal accounting staff, (ii) our internal audit functions
and (iii) a lack of segregation of duties within accounting
functions.
The
Company became a reporting company in November 2007. We began preparing to
be in compliance with the internal control obligations, including Section 404,
for our fiscal year ending December 31, 2007. During most of 2007 our
internal accounting staff was primarily engaged in ensuring compliance with PRC
accounting and reporting requirements for our operating affiliates and was not
required to meet or apply U.S. GAAP requirements. As a result, with the
exception of certain additional persons hired at the end of 2007 to address
these deficiencies, including the hiring of our chief financial officer, our
current internal accounting department responsible for financial reporting of
the Company, on a consolidated basis, is relatively new to U.S. GAAP and the
related internal control procedures required of U.S. public companies.
Although our accounting staff is professional and experienced in
accounting requirements and procedures generally accepted in the PRC, management
has determined that they require additional training and assistance in U.S. GAAP
matters. Management has determined that our internal audit function is
also significantly deficient due to insufficient qualified resources to perform
internal audit functions
In order
to correct the foregoing deficiencies, we have taken the following remediation
measures:
|
·
|
In
late 2007, we engaged Adam Wasserman, a senior financial executive from
the U.S. to serve as our chief financial officer on a part-time basis.
In December 2008, we hired Leo Wang as our chief financial officer
on a full-time basis and Mr. Wasserman became director of financial
reporting. Mr. Wasserman has extensive experience in internal
control and U.S. GAAP reporting compliance, and, together with our chief
executive and financial officers will oversee and manage our financial
reporting process and required training of the accounting
staff.
|
|
·
|
We
have committed to the establishment of effective internal audit functions,
however, due to the scarcity of qualified candidates with extensive
experience in U.S. GAAP reporting and accounting in the region, we were
not able to hire sufficient internal audit resources before end of 2008.
However, we will increase our search for qualified candidates with
assistance from recruiters and through
referrals.
|
|
·
|
During
2008, we elected independent directors to serve on our audit committee and
we have set up a compensation committee to be headed by one of our
independent directors.
|
|
·
|
Due
to our size and nature, segregation of all conflicting duties may not
always be possible and may not be economically
feasible. However, to the extent possible, we will implement
procedures to assure that the initiation of transactions, the custody of
assets and the recording of transactions will be performed by separate
individuals.
|
We
believe that the foregoing steps will remediate the significant deficiency
identified above, and we will continue to monitor the effectiveness of these
steps and make any changes that our management deems appropriate.
A
material weakness (within the meaning of PCAOB Auditing Standard No. 5) is a
deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial
reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material
misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented
or detected on a timely basis. A significant deficiency is a deficiency, or a
combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting that
is less severe than a material weakness, yet important enough to merit attention
by those responsible for oversight of the company's financial
reporting.
Our
management is not aware of any material weaknesses in our internal control over
financial reporting, and nothing has come to the attention of management that
causes them to believe that any material inaccuracies or errors exist in our
financial statement as of December 31, 2008. The reportable conditions and
other areas of our internal control over financial reporting identified by us as
needing improvement have not resulted in a material restatement of our financial
statements. Nor are we aware of any instance where such reportable conditions or
other identified areas of weakness have resulted in a material misstatement of
omission in any report we have filed with or submitted to the
Commission.
Because
of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not
prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness
to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the
policies and procedures may deteriorate.
Auditor
Attestation
This
annual report does not include an attestation report of our registered public
accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting.
Management’s report was not subject to attestation by our registered
public accounting firm pursuant to temporary rules of the Securities and
Exchange Commission that permit us to provide only management’s report in this
annual report.
Changes
in Internal Controls over Financial Reporting
There
were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting during the
fourth quarter of fiscal year 2008 that have materially affected, or are
reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial
reporting.
ITEM
9B. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2008 and 2007
NOTE 1 –
ORGANIZATION AND
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Organization
China
Winds Systems, Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated in Delaware on June 24,
1987 under the name of Malex, Inc. On December 18, 2007, the
Company’s corporate name was changed to China Wind Systems, Inc. The Company
manufactures and sells textile dyeing and finishing machines and manufactures
and sells high precision forged rolled rings for the wind power industry and
other industries specialty equipment used in the production of coal generated
electricity through its affiliates, Wuxi Huayang Dyeing Machinery Co., Ltd.
(“Dyeing”) and Wuxi Huayang Electrical Power Equipment Co., Ltd.
(“Electrical”).
On
November 13, 2007, the Company entered into a share exchange agreement (the
“Exchange Agreement”) among Fulland Limited, a Cayman Islands corporation
(“Fulland”), the stockholders of Fulland, and Synergy Business Consulting, LLC
(“Synergy”), the then principal stockholder of the Company, pursuant to which,
simultaneously with the financing described in Note 6, the Company (i) issued
36,577,704 shares of common stock to the former stockholders of Fulland, (ii)
purchased 8,006,490 shares of common stock from Synergy for $625,000 and
cancelled such shares, (iii) issued to Synergy 291,529 shares of common stock
for professional services, and (iv) paid cash fees of $415,000 in connection
with the completion of the transactions contemplated by the Exchange Agreement.
The Company paid $1,040,000 from the proceeds of the financing for closing
costs, including the $625,000 paid for purchase of shares from
Synergy. At the time of the closing under the Exchange Agreement and
the financing, the Company, then known as Malex, Inc., was not engaged in any
business activity and was considered a blank check shell.
The
Company is the sole stockholder of Fulland. Fulland owns 100% of
Green Power Environment Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. (“Green Power”), which
is a wholly foreign-owned enterprise (“WFOE”) organized under the laws of the
People’s Republic of China (“PRC” or “China”). Green Power is a party to a
series of contractual arrangements, as fully described below, dated October 12,
2007 with Dyeing and Electrical, and together with Dyeing, sometimes
collectively referred to as the “Huayang Companies”), both of which are limited
liability companies headquartered in, and organized under the laws of, the
PRC.
Fulland
is a limited liability company incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands
on May 9, 2007 by the owners of the Huayang Companies as a special purpose
vehicle for purposes of raising capital, in accordance with requirements of the
PRC State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”). On May 31, 2007, SAFE
issued an official notice known as Hui Zong Fa [2007] No. 106 (“Circular 106”),
which requires the owners of any Chinese company to obtain SAFE’s approval
before establishing any offshore holding company structure for foreign financing
as well as subsequent acquisition matters in China. Accordingly, the owners of
the Huayang Companies, Mr. Jianhua Wu and Ms. Lihua Tang, submitted their
application to SAFE in early September 2007. On October 11, 2007, SAFE approved
their application, permitting these Chinese citizens to establish an offshore
company, Fulland, as a special purpose vehicle for any foreign ownership and
capital raising activities by the Huayang Companies.
In 2007,
the Company recapitalized the Company to give effect to the Exchange
Agreement. Under generally accepted accounting principles, the
acquisition by the Company of Fulland is considered to be capital transactions
in substance, rather than a business combination. That is, the acquisition is
equivalent, to the acquisition by Fulland of the Company, then known as Malex,
Inc., with the issuance of stock by Fulland for the net monetary assets of the
Company. This transaction is reflected as a recapitalization, and is
accounted for as a change in capital structure. Accordingly, the
accounting for the acquisition is identical to that resulting from a reverse
acquisition. Under reverse acquisition accounting, the comparative historical
financial statements of the Company, as the legal acquirer, are those of the
accounting acquirer, Fulland. Since Fulland and Greenpower did not
have any business activities, the Company’s financial statements prior to the
closing on the reverse acquisition, reflect only business of the Huayang
Companies. The accompanying financial statements reflect the
recapitalization of the stockholders’ equity as if the transactions occurred as
of the beginning of the first period presented. Thus, the 36,577,704
shares of common stock issued to the former Fulland stockholders are deemed to
be outstanding for all periods reported prior to the date of the reverse
acquisition. As a result of the transaction effected by the Exchange
Agreement, the Company’s business has become the business of the Huayang
Companies.
CHINA
WIND SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2008 and 2007
NOTE 1 –
ORGANIZATION AND
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
Contemporaneously
with the closing under the Exchange Agreement, the Company sold 3% convertible
notes in the principal amount of $5,525,000 to an investor
group. Pursuant to the securities purchase agreement relating to the
issuance of the convertible notes, on March 28, 2008, the Company amended and
restated its certificate of incorporation to provide for the authorization of a
class of preferred stock with the directors having the right to designate one or
more series of preferred stock and set the rights, preferences, privileges and
limitations of each such series and set forth the rights, preferences,
privileges and limitations of a series of preferred stock designated as the
series A convertible preferred stock (“series A preferred
stock”). The notes were, by their terms, automatically converted into
14,787,135 shares of series A preferred stock and warrants to purchase a total
of 18,829,756 shares of common stock upon the filing the restated certificate of
incorporation (See Note 6).
On August
27, 2008, the Company incorporated Wuxi Fulland Wind Energy Equipment Co., Ltd.
(“Fulland Wind Energy”). Fulland owns 100% of Fulland Wind Energy,
which is a WFOE organized under the laws of the PRC.
Wuxi
Huayang Dyeing Machinery Co., Ltd.
Dyeing is
a Chinese limited liability company and was formed under laws of the People’s
Republic of China on August 17, 1995. Dyeing produces and sells a
variety of high and low temperature dyeing and finishing machinery.
Wuxi
Huayang Electrical Power Equipment Co., Ltd.
Electric
a Chinese limited liability company and was formed under laws of the People’s
Republic of China on May 21, 2004. Beginning in April 2007, Electric
began to produce large-scaled forged rolled rings for the wind-power and other
industries that are up to three meters in diameter. Commencing in
2008, the sale of rolled rings accounted for more than 88% of Electric’s
revenue. As a result, we are referring to this segment of our
business as the forged rolled rings and electric power equipment division. In
addition to forged rolled rings, Electric continues to manufacture electric
power auxiliary apparatuses (including coking equipment). Electric equipment
products mainly include various auxiliary equipment of power stations, chemical
equipment, dust removal and environmental protection equipment, and metallurgy
non- standard equipment.
Basis of
presentation
The
Company’s consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of
its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Fulland, Greenpower and Fulland Wind Energy, as
well as the financial statements of Huayang Companies, Dyeing and
Electric. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have
been eliminated in consolidation.
CHINA
WIND SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2008 and 2007
NOTE 1 –
ORGANIZATION AND
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
Consulting Services
Agreement
. Pursuant to the exclusive consulting services agreements
between Green Power and the Huayang Companies, Green Power has the exclusive
right to provide to the Huayang Companies general business operation services,
including advice and strategic planning, as well as consulting services related
to the technological research and development of dye and finishing machines,
electrical equipments and related products (the “
Services
”). Under
this agreement, Green Power owns the intellectual property rights developed or
discovered through research and development, in the course of providing the
Services, or derived from the provision of the Services. The Huayang Companies
shall pay a quarterly consulting service fees in Renminbi (“RMB”) to Fulland
that is equal to all of the Huayang Companies’ profits for such
quarter.
Operating Agreement
.
Pursuant to the operating agreement among Green Power, the Huayang Companies and
all shareholders of the Huayang Companies (collectively the “
Huayang Companies
Shareholders
”), Green Power provides guidance and instructions on the
Huayang Companies’ daily operations, financial management and employment issues.
The Huayang Companies Shareholders must designate the candidates recommended by
Green Power as their representatives on the boards of directors of each of the
Huayang Companies. Green Power has the right to appoint senior executives of the
Huayang Companies. In addition, Green Power agrees to guarantee the Huayang
Companies’ performance under any agreements or arrangements relating to the
Huayang Companies’ business arrangements with any third party. The Huayang
Companies, in return, agrees to pledge their accounts receivable and all of
their assets to Green Power. Moreover, the Huayang Companies agrees that without
the prior consent of Green Power, the Huayang Companies will not engage in any
transactions that could materially affect their respective assets, liabilities,
rights or operations, including, without limitation, incurrence or assumption of
any indebtedness, sale or purchase of any assets or rights, incurrence of any
encumbrance on any of their assets or intellectual property rights in favor of a
third party or transfer of any agreements relating to their business operation
to any third party. The term of this agreement, as amended on November 1, 2008,
is 20 years from October 12, 2007 and may be extended only upon Green Power’s
written confirmation prior to the expiration of the this agreement, with the
extended term to be mutually agreed upon by the parties.
Equity Pledge
Agreement
.
Under
the equity pledge agreement between the Huayang Companies’ shareholders and
Green Power, the Huayang Companies Shareholders pledged all of their equity
interests in the Huayang Companies’ to Green Power to guarantee the Huayang
Companies’ performance of their obligations under the consulting services
agreement. If the Huayang Companies or the Huayang Companies’ Shareholders
breaches their respective contractual obligations, Green Power, as pledgee, will
be entitled to certain rights, including the right to sell the pledged equity
interests. The Huayang Companies’ Shareholders also agreed that upon occurrence
of any event of default, Green Power shall be granted an exclusive, irrevocable
power of attorney to take actions in the place and stead of the Huayang
Companies’ Shareholders to carry out the security provisions of the equity
pledge agreement and take any action and execute any instrument that Green Power
may deem necessary or advisable to accomplish the purposes of the equity pledge
agreement. The Huayang Companies’ Shareholders agreed not to dispose of the
pledged equity interests or take any actions that would prejudice Green Power’s
interest. The equity pledge agreement will expire two (2) years after the
Huayang Companies’ obligations under the consulting services agreements have
been fulfilled.
Option Agreement
.
Under the option
agreement between the Huayang Companies’ Shareholders and Green Power, the
Huayang Companies’ Shareholders irrevocably granted Green Power or its
designated person an exclusive option to purchase, to the extent permitted under
PRC law, all or part of the equity interests in the Huayang Companies for the
cost of the initial contributions to the registered capital or the minimum
amount of consideration permitted by applicable PRC law. Green Power or its
designated person has sole discretion to decide when to exercise the option,
whether in part or in full. The term of this agreement, as amended on November
1, 2008, is 20 years from October 12, 2007 and may be extended prior to its
expiration by written agreement of the parties.
CHINA
WIND SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2008 and 2007
NOTE
1 –
ORGANIZATION AND
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
Use of
estimates
The
preparation of the financial statements in conformity with accounting principles
generally accepted in the U.S. requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues,
expenses, and the related disclosures at the date of the financial statements
and during the reporting period. Actual results could materially differ from
these estimates. Significant estimates in 2008 and 2007 include the allowance
for doubtful accounts, the allowance for obsolete inventory, the useful life of
property and equipment and intangible assets, assumptions used in assessing
impairment of long-term assets and valuation of deferred tax assets, accruals
for taxes due, the calculation of the value of any beneficial conversion feature
related to convertible debt, and warrants granted upon the conversion of debt to
preferred stock.
Fair value of financial
instruments
The
Company adopted SFAS 157, Fair Value Measurements (SFAS 157). SFAS 157 clarifies
the definition of fair value, prescribes methods for measuring fair value, and
establishes a fair value hierarchy to classify the inputs used in measuring fair
value as follows:
Level
1-Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or
liabilities available at the measurement date.
Level
2-Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in
active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in
markets that are not active, inputs other then quoted prices that are
observable, and inputs derived from or corroborated by observable market
data.
Level
3-Inputs are unobservable inputs which reflect the reporting entity’s own
assumptions on what assumptions the market participants would use in pricing the
asset or liability based on the best available information.
The
carrying amounts reported in the balance sheets for cash, accounts receivable,
loans payable, accounts payable and accrued expenses, customer advances, and
amounts due from related parties approximate their fair market value based on
the short-term maturity of these instruments. The Company did not identify any
assets or liabilities that are required to be presented on the consolidated
balance sheets at fair value in accordance with SFAS 157.
Cash and cash
equivalents
For
purposes of the consolidated statements of cash flows, the Company considers all
highly liquid instruments purchased with a maturity of three months or less and
money market accounts to be cash equivalents. The Company maintains cash and
cash equivalents with various financial institutions mainly in the PRC and the
United States. Balances in the United States are insured up to $250,000 at each
bank. Balances in banks in the PRC are uninsured.
CHINA
WIND SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2008 and 2007
NOTE 1 –
ORGANIZATION AND
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
Concentrations of credit
risk
The
Company's operations are carried out in the PRC. Accordingly, the Company's
business, financial condition and results of operations may be influenced by the
political, economic and legal environment in the PRC, and by the general state
of the PRC's economy. The Company's operations in the PRC are subject to
specific considerations and significant risks not typically associated with
companies in North America. The Company's results may be adversely affected by
changes in governmental policies with respect to laws and regulations,
anti-inflationary measures, currency conversion and remittance abroad, and rates
and methods of taxation, among other things.
Financial
instruments which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit
risk consist principally of cash and trade accounts receivable. Substantially
all of the Company’s cash is maintained with state-owned banks within the
People’s Republic of China of which no deposits are covered by insurance. The
Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and believes it is not
exposed to any risks on its cash in bank accounts. A significant portion of the
Company's sales are credit sales which are primarily to customers whose ability
to pay is dependent upon the industry economics prevailing in these areas;
however, concentrations of credit risk with respect to trade accounts
receivables is limited due to generally short payment terms. The
Company also performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers to help
further reduce credit risk. At December 31, 2008 and 2007, the
Company’s bank deposits by geographic area were as follows:
|
|
December
31, 2008
|
|
|
December
31, 2007
|
|
Country:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United
States
|
|
$
|
832
|
|
|
|
0.3
|
%
|
|
$
|
171,121
|
|
|
|
3.4
|
%
|
China
|
|
|
327,782
|
|
|
|
99.7
|
%
|
|
|
4,854,313
|
|
|
|
96.6
|
%
|
Total
cash and cash equivalents
|
|
$
|
328,614
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
$
|
5,025,434
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
Accounts
receivable
Accounts
receivable are presented net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company
maintains allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses. The Company
reviews the accounts receivable on a periodic basis and makes general and
specific allowances when there is doubt as to the collectability of individual
balances. In evaluating the collectability of individual receivable balances,
the Company considers many factors, including the age of the balance, customer’s
historical payment history, its current credit-worthiness and current economic
trends. Accounts are written off after exhaustive efforts at collection. At
December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company has established, based on a review of
its outstanding balances, an allowance for doubtful accounts in the amount of
$874,856 and $626,218, respectively.
Inventories
Inventories,
consisting of raw materials, work in process and finished goods related to the
Company’s products are stated at the lower of cost or market utilizing the
weighted average method. An allowance is established when management determines
that certain inventories may not be saleable. If inventory costs exceed expected
market value due to obsolescence or quantities in excess of expected demand, the
Company will record reserves for the difference between the cost and the market
value. These reserves are recorded based on estimates. The Company
recorded an inventory reserve of $79,170 and $74,192 at December 31, 2008 and
2007, respectively.
CHINA
WIND SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2008 and 2007
NOTE 1 –
ORGANIZATION AND
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
Property and
equipment
Property
and equipment are carried at cost and are depreciated on a straight-line basis
over the estimated useful lives of the assets. The cost of repairs and
maintenance is expensed as incurred; major replacements and improvements are
capitalized. When assets are retired or disposed of, the cost and
accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts, and any resulting gains
or losses are included in income in the year of disposition. The Company
examines the possibility of decreases in the value of fixed assets when events
or changes in circumstances reflect the fact that their recorded value may not
be recoverable.
Included
in property and equipment is construction-in-progress which consists of
factories and office buildings under construction and machinery pending
installation and includes the costs of construction, machinery and equipment,
and any interest charges arising from borrowings used to finance these assets
during the period of construction or installation. No provision for depreciation
is made on construction-in-progress until such time as the relevant assets are
completed and ready for their intended use.
Property
purchased from a related party is recorded at the cost to the related party, and
any payment to or on behalf of the related party in excess of the cost is
reflected as a distribution to related party.
I
mpairment of long-lived
assets
In
accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 144,
“Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets”, the Company
reviews, long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in
circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be fully
recoverable, or at least annually. The Company recognizes an impairment loss
when the sum of expected undiscounted future cash flows is less than the
carrying amount of the asset. The amount of impairment is measured as the
difference between the asset’s estimated fair value and its book value. The
Company did not record any impairment charges during the year ended December 31,
2008 and 2007.
The
Company is governed by the Income Tax Law of the People’s Republic of China and
the United States. Income taxes are accounted for under Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes”, which is
an asset and liability approach that requires the recognition of deferred tax
assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that
have been recognized in the Company's financial statements or tax
returns.
The
Company adopted FIN 48, “
Accounting for Uncertainty in Income
Taxes-an interpretation of FASB Statements No. 109
,” as of January 1,
2007. Under FIN 48, the evaluation of a tax position is a two-step
process. The first step is to determine whether it is more likely than not that
a tax position will be sustained upon examination, including the resolution of
any related appeals or litigation based on the technical merits of that
position. The second step is to measure a tax position that meets the
more-likely-than-not threshold to determine the amount of benefit to be
recognized in the financial statements. A tax position is measured at the
largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50% likelihood of being realized
upon ultimate settlement. Tax positions that previously failed to meet the
more-likely-than-not recognition threshold should be recognized in the first
subsequent period in which the threshold is met. Previously recognized tax
positions that no longer meet the more-likely-than-not criteria should be
de-recognized in the first subsequent financial reporting period in which the
threshold is no longer met. FIN 48 also provides guidance on de-recognition,
classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods,
disclosures, and transition. The adoption had no effect on the
Company’s consolidated financial statements.
CHINA
WIND SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2008 and 2007
NOTE 1 –
ORGANIZATION AND
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
Advances from
customers
Advances
from customers at December 31, 2008 and 2007 amounted to $45,748 and
$77,357, respectively, and consist of prepayments from customers for merchandise
that had not yet been shipped. The Company will recognize the deposits as
revenue as customers take delivery of the goods, in accordance with its revenue
recognition policy.
Revenue
recognition
The
Company recognizes revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists,
delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, the purchase price is
fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. The Company
accounts for the product sale as a multiple element arrangement. Revenue from
multiple element arrangements is allocated among the separate accounting units
based on the residual method. Under the residual method, the revenue is
allocated to undelivered elements based on fair value of such undelivered
elements and the residual amounts of revenue allocated to delivered elements.
The Company recognizes revenues from the sale of dyeing equipment, forged rolled
rings, and electric equipment upon shipment and transfer of title. The other
elements may include installation and generally a one-year warranty. Equipment
installation revenue is valued based on estimated service person hours to
complete installation and is recognized when the labor has been completed
and the equipment has been accepted by the customer, which is generally within a
couple days of the delivery of the equipment. Warranty revenue is valued based
on estimated service person hours to complete a service and generally is
recognized over the contract period. For the year ended December 31, 2008 and
2007, amounts allocated to warranty revenues were not material. Based on
historical experience, warranty service calls and any related labor costs have
been minimal.
All other
product sales with customer specific acceptance provisions, including the
forged rolled rings, are recognized upon customer acceptance and the delivery of
the parts or service. Revenues related to spare part sales are recognized upon
shipment or delivery based on the trade terms.
Stock-based
compensation
Stock
based compensation is accounted for under SFAS No. 123R, “Share-Based
Payment.” SFAS No. 123R requires recognition in the financial statements of the
cost of employee and director services received in exchange for an award of
equity instruments over the period the employee or director is required to
perform the services in exchange for the award (presumptively the vesting
period). SFAS No. 123R also requires measurement of the cost of employee and
director services received in exchange for an award based on the grant-date fair
value of the award. The Company accounts for non-employee share-based awards in
accordance with EITF No. 96-18, “Accounting for Equity Instruments That Are
Issued to Other Than Employees for Acquisition, or in Conjunction with Selling,
Goods or Services.”
Shipping
costs
Shipping
costs are included in selling expenses and totaled $132,615 and $28,479 for the
year ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
CHINA
WIND SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2008 and 2007
NOTE 1 –
ORGANIZATION AND
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
Employee
benefits
The
Company’s operations and employees are all located in the PRC. The
Company makes mandatory contributions to the PRC government’s health, retirement
benefit and unemployment funds in accordance with the relevant Chinese social
security laws, which is approximately 25% of salaries. The costs of these
payments are charged to income in the same period as the related salary costs
and are not material.
Advertising
Advertising
is expensed as incurred and is included in selling, general and administrative
expenses on the accompanying consolidated statement of operations and was not
material.
Research and
development
Research
and development costs are expensed as incurred. For the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2008 and 2007, research and development costs were not
material.
Foreign currency
translation
The
reporting currency of the Company is the U.S. dollar. The functional currency of
the Company is the local currency, the Chinese Renminbi (“RMB”). Results of
operations and cash flows are translated at average exchange rates during the
period, assets and liabilities are translated at the unified exchange rate at
the end of the period, and equity is translated at historical exchange rates.
Translation adjustments resulting from the process of translating the local
currency financial statements into U.S. dollars are included in determining
comprehensive income. The cumulative translation adjustment and
effect of exchange rate changes on cash for the year ended December 31, 2008 and
2007 was $173,930 and $43,730, respectively. Transactions denominated in foreign
currencies are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates
prevailing on the transaction dates. Assets and liabilities denominated in
foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency at the exchange
rates prevailing at the balance sheet date with any transaction gains and losses
that arise from exchange rate fluctuations on transactions denominated in a
currency other than the functional currency are included in the results of
operations as incurred. All of the Company’s revenue transactions are transacted
in the functional currency. The Company does not enter any material transaction
in foreign currencies and accordingly, transaction gains or losses have not had,
and are not expected to have, a material effect on the results of operations of
the Company.
Asset and
liability accounts at December 31, 2008 and 2007 were translated at 6.8542 RMB
to $1.00 and at 7.3141 RMB to $1.00, respectively. Equity accounts were stated
at their historical rate. The average translation rates applied to the
statements of income for the year ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 were 6.96225
RMB and 7.6172 RMB to $1.00, respectively. In accordance with
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 95, "Statement of Cash Flows,"
cash flows from the Company's operations are calculated based upon the local
currencies using the average translation rate. As a result, amounts related to
assets and liabilities reported on the statement of cash flows will not
necessarily agree with changes in the corresponding balances on the balance
sheets.
Income
per
share
of common
stock
Basic net
income per share is computed by dividing net income available to common
shareholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock
outstanding during the period. Diluted income per share is computed by dividing
net income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock, common
stock equivalents and potentially dilutive securities outstanding during each
period. Potentially dilutive common shares consist of common shares issuable
upon the conversion of series A preferred stock (using the if-converted
method) and common stock warrants (using the treasury
stock method).
CHINA
WIND SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2008 and 2007
NOTE 1 –
ORGANIZATION AND
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
The
following table presents a reconciliation of basic and diluted net income per
share:
|
|
Year
Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
Net
income available to common shareholders for basic and diluted net income
per common share
|
|
$
|
598,201
|
|
|
$
|
10,312,741
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted
average common shares outstanding – basic
|
|
|
40,000,487
|
|
|
|
36,683,776
|
|
Effect
of dilutive securities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Series
A convertible preferred stock
|
|
|
14,028,189
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
Unexercised
warrants
|
|
|
9,592,535
|
|
|
|
1,499,336
|
|
Convertible
notes
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
1,985,122
|
|
Weighted
average common shares outstanding– diluted
|
|
|
63,621,211
|
|
|
|
40,168,234
|
|
Net
income per common share - basic
|
|
$
|
0.01
|
|
|
$
|
0.28
|
|
Net
income per common share - diluted
|
|
$
|
0.01
|
|
|
$
|
0.26
|
|
The
Company's aggregate common stock equivalents at December 31, 2008 and 2007
include the following:
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
Warrants
|
|
|
16,133,501
|
|
|
|
400,000
|
|
Convertible
notes
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
14,787,135
|
|
Series
A preferred stock
|
|
|
14,028,189
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
Total
|
|
|
30,161,690
|
|
|
|
15,187,135
|
|
The
warrants and series A preferred stock were issued on March 28, 2008 upon
automatic conversion of the notes. The 10,000,000 shares of series A preferred
stock held in escrow pursuant to an escrow agreement (see Note 6) are not
treated as outstanding at December 31, 2008 because the delivery of shares is
contingent upon certain events, and any shares not delivered will be returned to
the Company for cancellation. These shares have been cancelled and the Company
has no further obligation with respect thereto.
Accumulated other
comprehensive income
The
Company follows Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 130 (SFAS
130) "
Reporting Comprehensive
Income
" to recognize the elements of comprehensive income. Comprehensive
income is comprised of net income and all changes to the statements of
stockholders' equity, except those due to investments by stockholders, changes
in paid-in capital and distributions to stockholders. For the Company,
comprehensive income for the year ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 included net
income and unrealized gains from foreign currency translation
adjustments.
Related
parties
Parties
are considered to be related to the Company if the parties that, directly or
indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, control, are controlled by, or
are under common control with the Company. Related parties also include
principal owners of the Company, its management, members of the immediate
families of principal owners of the Company and its management and other parties
with which the Company may deal if one party controls or can significantly
influence the management or operating policies of the other to an extent that
one of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own
separate interests. The Company shall disclose all related party transactions.
All transactions shall be recorded at fair value of the goods or services
exchanged. Property purchased from a related party is recorded at the cost to
the related party and any payment to or on behalf of the related party in excess
of the cost is reflected as a distribution to related party.
CHINA
WIND SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2008 and 2007
NOTE 1 –
ORGANIZATION AND
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
Recent Accounting
Pronouncements
In
December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(R),
“Business Combinations”
(“SFAS 141(R)”), which replaces SFAS No. 141. SFAS No. 141(R) establishes
principles and requirements for how an acquirer recognizes and measures in its
financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed,
any non-controlling interest in the acquiree and the goodwill acquired. The
Statement also establishes disclosure requirements which will enable users to
evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS
141(R) is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and
applies to any business combinations which occur after December 31, 2008. The
adoption of SFAS 141(R), effective January 1, 2009, may have an impact on
accounting for future business combinations.
In
December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160,
“Non-controlling Interests in
Consolidated Financial Statements – an amendment of Accounting Research Bulletin
No. 51”
(“SFAS 160”), which establishes accounting and reporting
standards for ownership interests in subsidiaries held by parties other than the
parent, the amount of consolidated net income attributable to the parent and to
the non-controlling interest, changes in a parent’s ownership interest and the
valuation of retained non-controlling equity investments when a subsidiary is
deconsolidated. The Statement also establishes reporting requirements that
provide sufficient disclosures that clearly identify and distinguish between the
interests of the parent and the interests of the non-controlling owners. SFAS
160 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. The Company
does not expect SFAS No. 160 to have a material impact on the preparation of its
consolidated financial statements.
In
March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS 161, “
Disclosures about Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities
”
.
The new standard is
intended to improve financial reporting about derivative instruments and hedging
activities by requiring enhanced disclosures to enable investors to better
understand their effects on an entity’s financial position, financial
performance, and cash flows. It is effective for financial statements issued for
fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with
early application encouraged. The Company does not expect SFAS No. 161 to have a
material impact on the preparation of its consolidated financial
statements.
In May
2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued FASB Staff
Position (“FSP”) APB 14-1,
Accounting for Convertible Debt
Instruments That May Be Settled in Cash upon Conversion (Including Partial Cash
Settlement)
. FSP APB 14-1 clarifies that convertible debt instruments
that may be settled in cash upon either mandatory or optional conversion
(including partial cash settlement) are not addressed by paragraph 12 of APB
Opinion No. 14,
Accounting for
Convertible Debt and Debt issued with Stock Purchase Warrants
.
Additionally, FSP APB 14-1 specifies that issuers of such instruments
should separately account for the liability and equity components in a manner
that will reflect the entity’s non-convertible debt borrowing rate when interest
cost is recognized in subsequent periods. FSP APB 14-1 is effective for
financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008,
and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company has adopted FSP APB
14-1 beginning January 1, 2009, and this standard must be applied on a
retroactive basis. The Company is evaluating the impact the adoption of FSP APB
14-1 will have on its consolidated financial position and results of
operations.
In May
2008, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No.
162,
T
he Hierarchy of Generally Accepted
Accounting Principles
. This standard is intended to improve financial
reporting by identifying a consistent framework, or hierarchy, for selecting
accounting principles to be used in preparing financial statements that are
presented in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the
United States for non-governmental entities. SFAS No. 162 is effective 60 days
following approval by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) of the
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board’s amendments to AU Section 411,
The Meaning of Present Fairly in
Conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
. The Company
does not expect SFAS No. 162 to have a material impact on the preparation of its
consolidated financial statements.
CHINA
WIND SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2008 and 2007
NOTE 1 –
ORGANIZATION AND
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
On June
16, 2008, the FASB issued final Staff Position (FSP) No. EITF 03-6-1, “
Determining Whether Instruments
Granted in Share-Based Payment Transacti
ons Are Participating
Securities
,” to address the question of whether instruments granted in
share-based payment transactions are participating securities prior to vesting.
The FSP determines that unvested share-based payment awards that contain rights
to dividend payments should be included in earnings per share calculations. The
guidance will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008.
The Company is currently evaluating the requirements of (FSP) No. EITF 03-6-1 as
well as the impact of the adoption on its consolidated financial
statements.
In
June 2008, the FASB ratified Emerging Issues Task Force Issue
No. 07-5, “Determining Whether an Instrument (or Embedded Feature) is
Indexed to an Entity’s Own Stock” (“EITF 07-5”). EITF 07-5 mandates a two-step
process for evaluating whether an equity-linked financial instrument or embedded
feature is indexed to the entity’s own stock. Warrants that a company
issues that contain a strike price adjustment feature, upon the adoption of EITF
07-5, are no longer being considered indexed to the company’s own stock.
Accordingly, adoption of EITF 07-5 will change the current classification (from
equity to liability) and the related accounting for such warrants outstanding at
that date. EITF 07-5 is effective for fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The
Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of EITF 07-5 will have
on its financial statement presentation and disclosures.
In
December 2008, the FASB issued FSP FAS 140-4 and FIN 46(R)-8, “Disclosures by
Public Entities (Enterprises) about Transfers of Financial Assets and Interests
in Variable Interest Entities” (“FSP FAS 140-4 and FIN 46(R)-8”). FSP FAS 140-4
and FIN 46(R)-8 amends FAS 140 and FIN 46(R) to require additional disclosures
regarding transfers of financial assets and interest in variable interest
entities. FSP FAS 140-4 and FIN 46(R)-8 is effective for interim or annual
reporting periods ending after December 15, 2008. The adoption of FSP FAS 140-4
and FIN 46(R)-8 did not have an impact on its consolidated financial position
and results of operations.
NOTE 2 –
ACCOUNTS
RECEIVABLE
At
December 31, 2008 and 2007, accounts receivable consisted of the
following:
|
|
December
31, 2008
|
|
|
December
31, 2007
|
|
Accounts
receivable
|
|
$
|
5,393,115
|
|
|
$
|
2,784,630
|
|
Less:
allowance for doubtful accounts
|
|
|
(874,856
|
)
|
|
|
(626,218
|
)
|
|
|
$
|
4,518,259
|
|
|
$
|
2,158,412
|
|
NOTE 3 -
INVENTORIES
At
December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, inventories consisted of the
following:
|
|
December
31, 2008
|
|
|
December
31, 2007
|
|
Raw
materials
|
|
$
|
1,054,182
|
|
|
$
|
1,135,697
|
|
Work
in process
|
|
|
254,960
|
|
|
|
454,788
|
|
Finished
goods
|
|
|
662,118
|
|
|
|
413,503
|
|
|
|
|
1,971,260
|
|
|
|
2,003,988
|
|
Less:
Reserve for obsolete inventory
|
|
|
(79,170
|
)
|
|
|
(74,192
|
)
|
|
|
$
|
1,892,090
|
|
|
$
|
1,929,796
|
|
CHINA
WIND SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2008 and 2007
NOTE 4 -
PROPERTY AND
EQUIPMENT
At
December 31, 2008 and 2007, property and equipment consist of the
following:
|
|
Useful
Life
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
Office
equipment and furniture
|
|
5
Years
|
|
|
$
|
99,561
|
|
|
$
|
78,430
|
|
Manufacturing
equipment
|
|
5 –
10 Years
|
|
|
|
17,547,900
|
|
|
|
3,516,584
|
|
Vehicles
|
|
5
Years
|
|
|
|
79,372
|
|
|
|
62,933
|
|
Construction
in progress
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
207,605
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
Building
and building improvements
|
|
20
Years
|
|
|
|
11,610,769
|
|
|
|
5,629,201
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
29,545,207
|
|
|
|
9,287,148
|
|
Less:
accumulated depreciation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3,605,611
|
)
|
|
|
(2,761,162
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
25,939,596
|
|
|
$
|
6,525,986
|
|
For the
year ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, depreciation expense amounted to $648,952
and $598,507, of which $343,120 and $326,202 is included in cost of sales,
respectively. Upon completion of the construction in progress, the
assets will be classified to its respective property and equipment
category.
NOTE 5 –
LAND USE
RIGHTS
There is
no private ownership of land in China. Land is owned by the government and the
government grants land use rights for specified terms. The Company’s land use
rights are valued at a fixed amount, which is RMB 27,000,795 at December 31,
2008 and the dollar value of the land use right fluctuates based on the exchange
rate. In 2008, in connection with the acquisition of land use rights
from a related party, the Company received the certificate of land use rights
from the government. At the time the Company received the land use rights,
$5,617,000 was carried as a deposit on long-term assets. As a result
of the grant of the land use rights, the Company reclassified this amount as
follows: (i) approximately $3,304,000 to land use rights and (ii) approximately
$2,313,000 to distributions to related parties (see Note 8). The
distribution to related parties represents the amount by which the Company’s
purchase price for the land use right exceeds the cost of the land use rights by
the related parties. The Company’s land use rights have terms that expire on
January 1, 2053 and October 30, 2053, respectively. The Company
amortizes these land use rights over the term of the respective land use right.
For the year ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, amortization of land use rights
amounted to $84,906 and $10,492, respectively.
At
December 31, 2008 and 2007, land use rights consist of the
following:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Useful
Life
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
Land
Use Rights
|
|
45
- 50 years
|
|
$
|
3,939,307
|
|
|
$
|
546,341
|
|
Less:
Accumulated Amortization
|
|
|
|
|
(132,885
|
)
|
|
|
(43,707
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
3,806,422
|
|
|
$
|
502,634
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortization
of land use rights attributable to future periods is as follows:
Period
ending December 31:
|
|
|
|
2009
|
|
$
|
86,245
|
|
2010
|
|
|
86,245
|
|
2011
|
|
|
86,245
|
|
2012
|
|
|
86,245
|
|
Thereafter
|
|
|
3,461,442
|
|
|
|
$
|
3,806,422
|
|
CHINA
WIND SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2008 and 2007
NOTE 6 –
STOCKHOLDERS’
EQUITY
(a)
Common
stock
On
November 13, 2007, the Company’s board of directors unanimously adopted, and the
holders of a majority of the common stock approved, restated certificate of
incorporation (the “Restated Certificate”) to increase the number of authorized
shares of capital stock from 75,000,000 to 210,000,000 shares, of which (i)
150,000,000 shares shall be designated as common stock with a par value of $.001
per share, and (ii) 60,000,000 shares shall be designated as preferred stock
with a par value of $.001 per share. The board of directors also
approved, upon the filing of the Restated Certificate, the creation of a series
of preferred stock, designated as the series A preferred stock. The
Company filed the Restated Certificate on March 28, 2008 (See Note
14).
On
November 13, 2007, in connection with the Exchange Agreement, the Company issued
701,039 shares of its common stock.
On
November 13, 2007, the Company agreed to issue 105,552 shares of its common
stock to its chief financial officer for services to be rendered.
The Company valued these shares at the estimated fair value of the services
to be rendered on the date of issuance of $48,000 or $0.45 per share and
recorded a prepaid expense of $48,000 to be amortized over the one year service
period. For the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company amortized
and recorded stock-based compensation of $42,000 and $6,000, respectively, in
respect of this stock issuance.
In March
and April 2008, the Company issued 40,000 shares of its common stock to two
directors in connection with their election as a director. The shares were
valued at fair value on the respective dates of grant and the Company recorded
stock-based compensation of $75,000.
During
June 2008, the Company issued 758,946 shares of its common stock upon the
conversion of 758,946 shares of series A preferred stock.
During
2008, the Company issued 3,096,255 shares of common stock upon the exercise of
warrants from which it received proceeds of $2,187,566.
During
the period from October 23, 2008 through the November 7, 2008, the Company sold
an aggregate of 3,520,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, at a purchase
price of $0.40 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of
$1,408,000. Certain of the investors had previously signed
subscription agreements for the purchase of shares at a price of $0.60 per
share. These investors signed a restated subscription agreement that reflected
the $0.40 per share purchase price. In connection with this financing, the
Company paid legal and other expenses of $14,117.
On
December 31, 2008, in connection with the issuance and sale of the Company’s
promissory note in the amount of $575,000 and a related consulting agreement
(see Note 7), the Company issued 96,050 shares of common stock as payment of
interest of $6,757 and consulting fees of $31,663. The shares were valued at
$0.40 per share, the fair value on date of issuance.
CHINA
WIND SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2008 and 2007
NOTE 6 –
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(continued)
(b)
Conversion of Convertible
Notes; Restatement of Cert
ificate of
Incorporation
On
November 13, 2007, concurrently with the closing pursuant to the Exchange
Agreement, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with three
accredited investors. Pursuant to the agreement, the Company issued
and sold to the investors, for $5,525,000, the Company’s 3% convertible
subordinated notes in the principal amount of $5,525,000. At the time
of the financing, the Company did not have any authorized shares of preferred
stock. On March 28, 2008, upon the filing of both the Restated
Certificate, which created a series of preferred stock and gave the board of
directors broad authority to create one or more series of preferred stock
and a statement of designation that set forth the rights,
preferences, privileges and limitations of the holders of the series A preferred
stock, these notes were automatically converted into an aggregate of (i)
14,787,135 shares of series A preferred stock and (ii) warrants to purchase
11,176,504 shares of common stock at $0.58 per share, 5,588,252 shares of common
stock at $0.83 per share, and 2,065,000 shares at $0.92 per share, subject to
adjustment.
The
Restated Certificate increased the number of authorized shares of capital stock
from 75,000,000 to 210,000,000 shares, of which (i) 150,000,000 shares are
designated as common stock, par value of $.001 per share, and (ii) 60,000,000
shares are designated as preferred stock, par value of $.001 per
share.
(c)
Series A Preferred
Stock
The
series A preferred stock has the following rights, preferences and
limitations:
·
|
There
are 60,000,000 authorized shares of series A preferred
stock.
|
·
|
No
dividends shall be payable with respect to the series A preferred stock.
No dividends shall be declared or payable with respect to the common stock
while the series A preferred stock is outstanding. The Company shall not
redeem or purchase any shares of Common Stock or any other class or series
of capital stock which is junior to or on parity with the series A
preferred stock while the series A preferred stock is
outstanding.
|
·
|
The
holders of the series A preferred stock have no voting rights except as
required by law. However, so long as any shares of series A preferred
stock are outstanding, the Company shall not, without the affirmative
approval of the holders of 75% of the shares of the series A preferred
stock then outstanding, (a) alter or change adversely the powers,
preferences or rights given to the series A preferred stock or alter or
amend the statement of designations relating to the series A preferred
stock, (b) authorize or create any class of stock ranking as to dividends
or distribution of assets upon a liquidation senior to or pari passu with
the series A preferred stock, or any of preferred stock possessing greater
voting rights or the right to convert at a more favorable price than the
series A preferred stock, (c) amend its certificate of incorporation or
other charter documents in breach of any of the provisions of the
certificate of designation, (d) increase the authorized number of shares
of series A preferred stock or the number of authorized shares of
preferred stock, or (e) enter into any agreement with respect to the
foregoing.
|
·
|
Upon
any liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Company, whether
voluntary or involuntary, the holders of the series A preferred stock have
a liquidated preference of $.374 per
share.
|
·
|
Each
share of series A preferred stock is convertible (subject to the 4.9%
limitations described below) into one share of common stock,
subject to adjustment, at the option of the holders, at any
time.
|
CHINA
WIND SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2008 and 2007
NOTE 6 –
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(continued)
·
|
All
of the outstanding shares of series A preferred stock shall be
automatically converted into common stock upon the close of business on
the business day immediately preceding the date fixed for consummation of
any transaction resulting in a change of control of the Company, as
defined in the statement of
designation.
|
·
|
The
holders may not convert the series A preferred stock to the extent that
such conversion would result in the holder and its affiliates beneficially
owning more than 4.9% of the Company’s common stock. This
provision may not be waived or
amended.
|
(d)
Securities Purchase
Agreement
Pursuant
to the securities purchase agreement with the Investors, in addition to the
issuance of the convertible notes:
·
|
The
Company agreed to have appointed such number of independent directors that
would result in a majority of its directors being independent directors,
that the audit committee would be composed solely of not less than three
independent directors and the compensation committee would have at least
three directors, a majority of which shall be independent directors within
90 days after the closing, which was February 11, 2008. Failure to meet
this date would have resulted in liquidated damages commencing February
12, 2008, until the date on which the requirement is satisfied.
Thereafter, if the Company did not meet these requirements for a period of
60 days for an excused reason, as defined in the Purchase Agreement, or 75
days for a reason which is not an excused reason, this would result in the
imposition of liquidated damages. The investors have agreed to waive any
liquidated damages related to the initial appointment of independent
directors and the establishment of the committees which occurred in March
2008.
|
·
|
The
Company agreed to have a qualified chief financial officer who may be a
part-time chief financial officer until February 13, 2008. If
the Company cannot hire a qualified chief financial officer promptly upon
the resignation or termination of employment of a former chief financial
officer, the Company may engage an accountant or accounting firm to
perform the duties of the chief financial officer. In no event
shall the Company either (i) fail to file an annual, quarter or other
report in a timely manner because of the absence of a qualified chief
financial officer, or (ii) not have a person who can make the statements
and sign the certifications required to be filed in an annual or quarterly
report under the Securities Exchange Act of
1934.
|
·
|
Liquidated
damages for failure to comply with the preceding two covenants are
computed in an amount equal to 12% per annum of the purchase price, up to
a maximum of 12% of the purchase price, which is $663,000, which is
payable in cash or series A preferred stock, at the election of the
investors. If payment is made in shares of series A preferred
stock, each share is valued at $.374 per
share.
|
·
|
The
Company and the investors entered into a registration rights agreement
pursuant to which the Company agreed to file, by January 12, 2008, a
registration statement covering the common stock issuable upon conversion
of the series A preferred stock and exercise of the warrants and to have
the registration statement declared effective by June 11, 2008. The
failure of the Company to have the registration statement declared
effective by June 11, 2008 and other timetables provided in the
registration rights agreement would have resulted in the imposition of
liquidated damages, which are payable through the issuance of additional
shares of series A preferred stock at the rate of 4,860 shares of series A
preferred stock for each day, based on the proposed registration of all of
the underlying shares of common stock, with a maximum of 1,770,000 shares.
The number of shares issuable per day is subject to adjustment if the
Company cannot register all of the required shares as a result of the
Securities and Exchange Commission’s interpretation of Rule
415. The registration rights agreement also provides for
additional demand registration rights in the event that the investors are
not able to register all of the shares in the initial registration
statement. The Company filed its registration on February 14, 2008 and it
was declared effective on June 13, 2008. No liquidated damages were
incurred and accordingly, pursuant to FASB Staff Position, or FSP, EITF
00-19-2,
Accounting for
Registration Payment Arrangements,
no liability was
recorded.
|
CHINA
WIND SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2008 and 2007
NOTE 6 –
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(continued)
·
|
The
Investors have a right of first refusal on future
financings.
|
·
|
Until
the earlier of November 13, 2011 or such time as the Investors shall have
sold all of the underlying shares of common stock, the Company is
restricted from issuing convertible debt or preferred
stock.
|
·
|
Until
the earlier of November 13, 2010 or such time as the Investors have sold
90% of the underlying shares of common stock, the Company’s debt cannot
exceed twice the preceding four quarters earnings before interest, taxes,
depreciation and amortization.
|
·
|
The
Company’s officers and directors agreed, with certain limited exceptions,
not to publicly sell shares of common stock for 27 months or such earlier
date as all of the convertible securities and warrants have been converted
or exercised and the underlying shares of common stock have been
sold.
|
·
|
In
November 2007, the Company entered into an escrow agreement pursuant to
which the Company issued into escrow its 3% convertible promissory note
due March 31, 2008 in the principal amount of $3,000,000. Upon
the filing of the Restated Certificate, this note automatically was
converted into 24,787,135 shares of series A preferred stock which were
held in escrow. Such shares have been released from escrow and the Company
has no further obligations with respect
thereto.
|
·
|
In
connection with the Securities Purchase Agreement, $30,000 was paid to an
investor as reimbursement for due diligence expenses, which is treated as
a debt discount and was amortized over the life of the convertible notes.
Other fees incurred in connection with the debt issuance include $25,000
of legal fees, which were treated as a deferred debt issue costs and are
being amortized to debt issue cost expense over the life of the
notes. The unamortized portion of this debt discount on March 28,
2008, the date on which the convertible notes were automatically
converted, was recognized at that
time.
|
·
|
With
certain exceptions, until the Investors have sold all of the underlying
shares of Common Stock, if the Company sells common stock or issues
convertible securities with a conversion or exercise price which is less
than the conversion price of the preferred stock, the conversion price of
the series A preferred stock and the exercise price of the warrants is
reduced to the lower price.
|
(e)
Warrants
On
November 13, 2007, the Company issued five-year warrants to purchase 400,000
shares of common stock at $0.50 per share to a consultant. The fair value of
this warrant was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes
option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions dividend
yield of -0- percent; expected volatility of 150%; risk-free interest rate of
3.84% and an expected holding periods of five year. In connection
with these warrants, the Company recorded stock-based consulting expense of
$133,373.
On March
28, 2008, upon the filing of the Restated Certificate, the
outstanding convertible notes were automatically converted into an
aggregate of (i) 14,787,135 shares of series A preferred stock and (ii) warrants
to purchase 11,176,504 shares of common stock at $0.58 per share, 5,588,252
shares of common stock at $0.83 per share, and 2,065,000 shares at $0.92 per
share, subject to adjustment. The warrants issued upon conversion of
the notes expire on November 13, 2012. The warrants provide a cashless exercise
feature; however, the holders of the warrants may not make a cashless exercise
prior to November 13, 2008 in the case of the $0.58 warrants, and prior to May
13, 2009 in the case of the $0.83 warrants and $0.92 warrants, and after these
respective periods only if the underlying shares are not covered by an effective
registration statement. As a result of the sale by the Company of shares of
common stock at $0.40 per share, the exercise price of the warrants to purchase
9,232,424 at $0.58 per share were reduced to $0.567 per share, and the exercise
price of the warrants to purchase an aggregate of 5,588,252 shares at $0.83 per
share and 912,825 shares at $0.92 per share was reduced to $0.40 per
share.
CHINA
WIND SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2008 and 2007
NOTE 6 –
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(continued)
Warrant
activities for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 are summarized as
follows:
|
|
Year Ended December 31,
2008
|
Year Ended December 31,
2007
|
|
|
|
Number
of Warrants
|
|
|
Weighted
Average Exercise Price
|
|
|
Number
of Warrants
|
|
|
Weighted
Average Exercise Price
|
|
Balance
at beginning of year
|
|
|
400,000
|
|
|
$
|
0.50
|
|
|
|
—-
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
Granted
|
|
|
18,829,756
|
|
|
|
0.69
|
|
|
|
400,000
|
|
|
|
0.50
|
|
Exercised
|
|
|
(3,096,255
|
)
|
|
|
0.71
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
Forfeited
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
Balance
at end of year
|
|
|
16,133,501
|
|
|
$
|
0.50
|
|
|
|
400,000
|
|
|
$
|
0.50
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Warrants
exercisable at end of year
|
|
|
16,133,501
|
|
|
$
|
0.50
|
|
|
|
400,000
|
|
|
$
|
0.50
|
|
The
following table summarizes the shares of the Company's common stock issuable
upon exercise of warrants outstanding at December 31, 2008:
Warrants
Outstanding
|
|
|
Warrants
Exercisable
|
|
Range
of Exercise Price
|
|
|
Number
Outstanding at December 31, 2008
|
|
|
Weighted
Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
|
|
|
Weighted
Average Exercise Price
|
|
|
Number
Exercisable
at
December
31, 2008
|
|
|
Weighted
Average Exercise Price
|
|
$
|
0.50
|
|
|
|
400,000
|
|
|
|
3.87
|
|
|
$
|
0.50
|
|
|
|
400,000
|
|
|
$
|
0.50
|
|
|
0.567
|
|
|
|
9,232,424
|
|
|
|
3.87
|
|
|
|
0.567
|
|
|
|
9,232,424
|
|
|
|
0.567
|
|
|
0.40
|
|
|
|
6,501,077
|
|
|
|
3.87
|
|
|
|
0.40
|
|
|
|
6,501,077
|
|
|
|
0.40
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16,133,501
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
0.50
|
|
|
|
16,133,501
|
|
|
$
|
0.50
|
|
(f)
Beneficial Conversion
Feature
and
Deemed
Dividend
In
November 2007, the Company evaluated the application of EITF 98-5, “
Accounting for Convertible
Securities with Beneficial Conversion Features or Contingently Adjustable
Conversion Ratios,”
and EITF 00-27,
“Application of Issue No. 98-5 to
Certain Convertible Instruments”
and concluded that the convertible notes
had a beneficial conversion option. Pursuant to EITF 00-27, Issue 15, the
Company computed the intrinsic value of the conversion option at $2,610,938
based on a comparison of (a) the proceeds of the convertible debt allocated to
the common stock portion of the conversion option by first allocating the
proceeds received from the convertible debt offering to the debt and the
detachable warrants on a relative fair value basis, and (b) the fair value at
the commitment date of the common stock to be received by the Company upon
conversion. The excess of (b) over (a) is the intrinsic value of the embedded
conversion option of $2,610,938 that has been recognized by the Company as a
discount to the notes and amortized using the straight-line method over the
stated term; with the unamortized portion being recognized upon the conversion
of the notes.
The
Company filed the Restated Certificate on March 28, 2008. Upon
filing of the Restated Certificate, the note was automatically converted into
14,787,135 shares of series A preferred stock and warrants to purchase
18,829,756 shares of the common stock. As a result of the automatic conversion
of the note into shares of series A preferred stock and warrants, as described
above, the Company recognized the value of the warrants and any remaining debt
discount upon conversion of the note.
CHINA
WIND SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2008 and 2007
NOTE 6 –
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(continued)
At
November 13, 2007, the fair value of the warrants used to calculate the
intrinsic value of the conversion option was estimated at $2,884,062 and was
computed using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model based on the assumed
issuance of the warrants on the date the notes were issued. Variables used in
the option-pricing model include (1) risk-free interest rate at the date of
grant (3.84%), (2) expected warrant life of 5 years, (3) expected
volatility of 150%, and (4) 0% expected dividend.
As the
series A preferred stock does not require redemption by the Company or have a
finite life, upon issuance of the warrants, a one-time preferred stock deemed
dividend of $2,884,062 was recognized immediately as a non-cash charge at March
28, 2008. The non-cash, deemed dividend did not have an effect on net earnings
or cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2008. The estimated fair market
value of the warrants of $2,884,062 has been recorded as additional paid-in
capital and a reduction to retained earnings.
During
the year ended December 31, 2008, amortization of debt issue costs was $21,429
and included any remaining balance of debt issue costs that was expensed upon
conversion of the convertible notes to the series A preferred stock and
warrants. At December 31, 2007, deferred debt costs of $21,429 were
included in prepaid expenses and other on the consolidated balance sheet. The
amortization of debt discounts for the year ended December 31, 2008 was
$2,263,661, which has been included in interest expense on the accompanying
statement of income and included any remaining balance of the debt discount that
was expensed upon conversion of the convertible debt to the series A preferred
stock, which occurred on March 28, 2008.
In
November 2007, the Company evaluated whether the convertible notes contained
embedded conversion options, which meet the definition of derivatives under SFAS
133 “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” and related
interpretations. The Company concluded that since the convertible notes had a
fixed conversion rate of $0.374, the convertible notes were not derivative
instruments. The Company analyzed this provision under EITF 05-04 and,
although the debt is unconventional, the reset provision is deemed within the
Company’s control and therefore it qualified as equity under EITF
00-19
The
convertible notes liability is as follows at December 31, 2008 and
2007:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Convertible
notes payable
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
5,525,000
|
|
Less:
unamortized discount on notes
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
(2,263,661
|
)
|
Convertible
notes, net
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
3,261,339
|
|
CHINA
WIND SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2008 and 2007
NOTE 7 –
LOANS
PAYABLE
At
December 31, 2008 and 2007, loans payable consisted of the
following:
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
Loan
payable to Bank of Communications, due on June 16, 2009 with annual
interest at December 31, 2008 of 6.05% secured by assets of the
Company.
|
|
$
|
291,792
|
|
|
$
|
273,444
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loan
payable to Bank of Communications, due on June 10, 2008 with annual
interest of 7.23% secured by assets of the Company.
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
410,167
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loan
payable to Bank of Communications, due on June 10, 2009 with annual
interest at December 31, 2008 of 6.05% secured by assets of the
Company.
|
|
|
437,688
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loan
payable to Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, due on December 16,
2009 with annual interest at December 31, 2008 of 6.42% secured by assets
of the Company.
|
|
|
291,792
|
|
|
|
136,722
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
Current Loans Payable
|
|
$
|
1,021,272
|
|
|
$
|
820,333
|
|
Other
On
October 17, 2008, the Company issued its six-month 17.4% subordinated note in
the principal amount of $575,000, for $575,000. Payment of the note was secured
by a pledge of 959,000 shares of common stock beneficially owned by the
Company’s chief executive officer. On November 14, 2008, the Company
repaid the principal balance of this note in full. As part of the transaction in
which the Company issued the note, and contemporaneously with the issuance of
the note, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with an affiliate of
the lender. Pursuant to the consulting agreement, the Company paid
consulting fees at a rate of $31,662.50 per month while the note was
outstanding. On November 14, 2008, the Company repaid the
note and the consulting agreement was cancelled. In December 2008,
the Company issued 96,050 shares of common stock as payment for (i) interest of
$6,757 and (ii) consulting fees of $31,663. The shares were valued at
$0.40 per share, the fair value on date of issuance.
NOTE 8 –
RELATED PARTY
TRANSACTIONS
Due
from related party
Prior to
2008, from time to time, the Company advanced funds to companies partially owned
by the Company for working capital purposes and to companies related through
family relationships. These advances are non-interest bearing,
unsecured and payable on demand. Through monthly payments, the
affiliated companies repaid these advances.
CHINA
WIND SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2008 and 2007
NOTE 8 –
RELATED PARTY
TRANSACTIONS (continued)
At
December 31, 2008 and 2007, due from related parties was due from the
following:
Name
|
|
Relationship
|
|
December
31, 2008
|
|
|
December
31, 2007
|
|
Wuxi
Huayang Yingran Machinery Co. Ltd.
|
|
5%
cost method investee which was sold in March 2008
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
139,524
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Wuxi
Anyida Machinery Co. Ltd
|
|
Company
owned by sibling of CEO
|
|
|
437,688
|
(1
)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
437,688
|
|
|
$
|
139,524
|
|
(1)
|
This
loan was made in December 2008 and repaid in January 2009 without
interest. Although the Company does not believe that this loan
violates the proscription against loans to directors or executive officers
contained in Section 402 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, it is possible
that a court might come to a different
conclusion
|
Due
to related parties
Wuxi
Huayang Boiler (“Boiler”), a company related through common ownership, from time
to time, provided advances to the Company for working capital purposes. At
December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company had a payable to Boiler of $0 and
$98,541, respectively. These advances were short-term in nature and non-interest
bearing.
Purchase
of assets from related party
In July
2007, the Company agreed to acquire property from Boiler for an aggregate price
of 89,282,500 RMB, or approximately $12,207,000. The Company had previously been
a 33% owner of Boiler and, in 2007, the Company sold its interest in Boiler to a
related party. The original purchase price was reduced by
9,196,341RMB, or approximately $1,257,000, which represents the Company’s 33%
interest in the appreciation in property prior to the sale of the Company’s
interest in Boiler, resulting in a net purchase price of 80,086,159 RMB, or
approximately $10,950,000. The property consists of an approximately 100,000
square foot factory, land use rights, employee housing facilities and other
leasehold improvements. The purchase price was fully paid by December 31,
2008. Prior to payment of the purchase price, the Company treated its
payments as deposits on long-term assets, which amounted to
$11,538,000. During 2008, the Company received the certificate of
land use rights but as of December 31, 2008, had not received the completed
title to the buildings. In the first quarter of 2007, the Company initiated the
transfer of the title to the facilities and has received verbal approval for the
title transfer from the membership committees of the local government. According
to the membership committee of the local government, the application submitted
for title transfer has been approved and the final step is to pass an
environment impact study. The Company does not anticipate any issues
related to the environmental impact study and the title transfer is expected to
be completed in the third quarter of 2009. During 2008, upon the receipt of the
land use rights and the full payment of the purchase price, the Company
reclassified approximately $3,304,000, representing Boiler’s cost of the land
use rights to land use rights (See Note 5), reclassified approximately
$5,517,000, which represents Boiler’s cost of constructing the factory and
related leasehold improvements and employee housing facilities, to property and
equipment, and reclassified approximately $2,717,000, which represents the
excess of amounts paid by the Company for the land use rights and factory
facilities over the original cost of the land use rights and factory facilities
acquired, to a distribution to related parties. The difference between the total
payments, $11,538,000, and the purchase price of $10,950,000 is treated as a
foreign currency translation adjustment.
At
December 31, 2008 and 2007, deposits on long-term assets are as
follows:
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
Factory
building and related leasehold improvements – related
party
|
|
$
|
0
|
|
|
$
|
10,863,706
|
|
CHINA
WIND SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2008 and 2007
NOTE 9 –
INCOME
TAXES
The
Company accounts for income taxes under Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 109, ‘‘Accounting for Income Taxes’’ (‘‘SFAS 109’’). SFAS 109
requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for both the
expected impact of differences between the financial statements and the tax
basis of assets and liabilities, and for the expected future tax benefit to be
derived from tax losses and tax credit carryforwards. SFAS 109
additionally requires the establishment of a valuation allowance to reflect the
likelihood of realization of deferred tax assets. Realization of deferred tax
assets, including those related to the U.S. net operating loss carryforwards,
are dependent upon future earnings, if any, of which the timing and amount are
uncertain. Accordingly, the net deferred tax asset related to the U.S. net
operating loss carryforward has been fully offset by a valuation allowance. The
Company is governed by the Income Tax Law of the People’s Republic of China and
the United States.
In 2008
and 2007, under the Income Tax Laws of PRC, Chinese companies are generally
subject to an income tax at an effective rate of 25% and 33%, respectively,
on income reported in the statutory financial statements after
appropriate tax adjustments. The Company’s VIE, Dyeing is subject to these
statutory rates. In 2007, pursuant to local taxing regulations, the Company’s
VIE, Electric, paid tax under a simplified method of recording under the
following formula: (Net revenues x 5% x 33%). China Wind
Systems, Inc. was incorporated in the United States and has incurred an
aggregate net operating losses of approximately $987,000 for income tax purposes
for the year ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 subject to the Internal Revenue
Code Section 382, which places a limitation on the amount of taxable income that
can be offset by net operating losses after a change in
ownership. The net operating loss carries forward for United States
income
taxes, which may be
available to reduce future years’ taxable income. These carry forwards will
expire, if not utilized, through 2028. Management believes that the realization
of the benefits from these losses appears not more than likely due to the
Company’s limited operating history and continuing losses for United States
income tax purposes. Accordingly, the Company has provided a 100% valuation
allowance on the deferred tax asset benefit to reduce the asset to zero.
Management will review this valuation allowance periodically and make
adjustments as warranted. Because the Company’s operations are conducted wholly
outside of the United States and the Company does not plan to invest earnings in
the United States, the Company has not recognized any United States taxes or
income taxes in the British Virgin Islands.
The table
below summarizes the differences between the U.S. statutory federal rate and the
Company’s effective tax rate and as follows for the year ended December 31, 2008
and 2007:
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
U.S
statutory rates
|
|
|
34.0
|
%
|
|
|
34.0
|
%
|
US
effective rate in excess of China tax rate
|
|
|
(13.7
|
)%
|
|
|
(0.2
|
)%
|
China
income tax exemptions
|
|
|
0.0
|
%
|
|
|
(21.8
|
)%
|
Non-deductible
stock-based compensation and interest
|
|
|
13.4
|
%
|
|
|
1.5
|
%
|
US
valuation allowance
|
|
|
5.3
|
%
|
|
|
0.3
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
provision for income taxes
|
|
|
39.0
|
%
|
|
|
13.8
|
%
|
Income
tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 was $2,234,948 and
$1,649,430, respectively.
Forgiveness of income and
value-added taxes
In 2007,
the Chinese local government granted the Huayang Companies a special tax waiver
to exempt and release any additional corporate income tax and value added tax
liabilities and any related penalties as of September 30, 2007 and for all
periods prior to September 30, 2007. The PRC local government has provided
various incentives to companies in order to encourage economic development. Such
incentives include reduced tax rates and other measures. Total tax exemption for
the year ended December 31, 2007 is summarized as follows:
VAT
tax exemption
|
|
$
|
2,944,229
|
|
Income
tax exemption
|
|
|
3,765,782
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
6,710,011
|
|
CHINA
WIND SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2008 and 2007
NOTE 10 -
SEGMENT
INFORMATION
The
following information is presented in accordance with SFAS No. 131, Disclosure
about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information. For the
years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company operated in two reportable
business segments - (1) the manufacture of dyeing and finishing equipment and
(2) the manufacture of forged rolled rings and other components for the wind
power and other industries and electric power auxiliary apparatuses (including
coking equipment). The Company's reportable segments are strategic business
units that offer different products. They are managed separately based on the
fundamental differences in their operations. All of the Company’s
operations are conducted in the PRC.
Information
with respect to these reportable business segments for the years ended December
31, 2008 and 2007 is as follows:
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
Revenues:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dyeing
and finishing equipment
|
|
$
|
22,465,071
|
|
|
$
|
19,793,035
|
|
Forged
rolled rings and electric power equipment
|
|
|
19,820,414
|
|
|
|
4,625,350
|
|
|
|
|
42,285,485
|
|
|
|
24,418,385
|
|
Depreciation:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dyeing
and finishing equipment
|
|
|
397,740
|
|
|
|
367,852
|
|
Forged
rolled rings and electric power equipment
|
|
|
251,212
|
|
|
|
230,655
|
|
|
|
|
648,952
|
|
|
|
598,507
|
|
Interest
expense:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dyeing
and finishing equipment
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
23,394
|
|
Forged
rolled rings and electric power equipment
|
|
|
75,159
|
|
|
|
45,314
|
|
Other
(a)
|
|
|
2,249,700
|
|
|
|
397,996
|
|
|
|
|
2,324,859
|
|
|
|
466,704
|
|
Net
income (loss):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dyeing
and finishing equipment
|
|
|
3,567,333
|
|
|
|
9,179,214
|
|
Forged
rolled rings and electric power equipment
|
|
|
3,067,112
|
|
|
|
1,743,029
|
|
Other
(a)
|
|
|
(3,152,182
|
)
|
|
|
(609,502
|
)
|
|
|
|
3,482,263
|
|
|
|
10,312,741
|
|
Identifiable
assets at December 31, 2008 and
December
31, 2007 by segment:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dyeing
and finishing equipment
|
|
$
|
17,884,877
|
|
|
$
|
20,219,362
|
|
Forged
rolled rings and electric power equipment
|
|
|
19,415,748
|
|
|
|
6,782,580
|
|
Other
(a)
|
|
|
31,132
|
|
|
|
1,494,491
|
|
|
|
$
|
37,331,757
|
|
|
$
|
28,496,433
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Identifiable
assets at December 31, 2008 and
December
31, 2007 by geographical location:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
China
|
|
$
|
37,321,465
|
|
|
$
|
28,001,883
|
|
United
States
|
|
|
10,292
|
|
|
|
494,550
|
|
|
|
$
|
37,331,757
|
|
|
$
|
28,496,433
|
|
(a)
|
The
Company does not allocate any general and administrative expenses of its
US activities to its reportable segments, because these activities are
managed at a corporate level. Additionally, other identifiable assets
represents assets located in the United States and Hong Kong and are not
allocated to reportable segments.
|
CHINA
WIND SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2008 and 2007
Employment
agreement
On December 11, 2008, the Company entered into an employment
agreement with its chief financial officer, for an initial term of three years.
Pursuant to the agreement, the Company pays the chief financial officer an
initial annual salary of $100,000, subject to adjustment. The Company
will also issue to the chief financial officer up to an aggregate of 166,667
shares of common stock of the Company during the initial term of the agreement
as follows. The shares shall vest, and are to be issued, on a quarterly basis at
the rate of 13,889 shares each calendar quarter, beginning March 31, 2009, until
the termination of the agreement. The shares shall be valued at the market
price on the last day of the applicable quarter. The shares shall be subject to
a nine month lock-up period from the date of issuance. If the chief
financial officer’s employment is terminated by the Company without cause, he is
entitled to a severance payment of the lesser of three months’ salary or the
salary remaining under the agreement, as well as any previously declared bonus
and any unvested shares. In the event that the chief financial
officer terminates his employment, he shall be entitled to a severance payment
equivalent to the lesser of three months’ salary or the salary remaining under
the agreement.
NOTE 12 –
STATUTORY
RESERVES
The
Company is required to make appropriations to reserve funds, comprising the
statutory surplus reserve, statutory public welfare fund and discretionary
surplus reserve, based on after-tax net income determined in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles of the PRC (the “PRC GAAP”).
Appropriation to the statutory surplus reserve should be at least 10% of the
after tax net income determined in accordance with the PRC GAAP until the
reserve is equal to 50% of the entities’ registered capital or members’ equity.
Appropriations to the statutory public welfare fund are at a minimum of 5% of
the after tax net income determined in accordance with PRC GAAP. Commencing on
January 1, 2006, the new PRC regulations waived the requirement for
appropriating retained earnings to a welfare fund. As of December 31, 2006, the
Company appropriated the required maximum 50% of its registered capital to
statutory reserves for Dyeing.
For the
years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, statutory reserve activity is as
follows:
|
|
Dyeing
|
|
|
Electric
|
|
|
Total
|
|
Balance
– December 31, 2006
|
|
$
|
72,407
|
|
|
$
|
58,762
|
|
|
$
|
131,169
|
|
Additional
to statutory reserves
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
174,303
|
|
|
|
174,303
|
|
Balance
– December 31, 2007
|
|
|
72,407
|
|
|
|
233,065
|
|
|
|
305,472
|
|
Additional
to statutory reserves
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
315,731
|
|
|
|
315,731
|
|
Balance
– December 31, 2008
|
|
$
|
72,407
|
|
|
$
|
548,796
|
|
|
$
|
621,203
|
|
CHINA
WIND SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December
31, 2008 and 2007
NOTE 13 –
RESTRICTED NET
ASSETS
Regulations
in the PRC permit payments of dividends by the Company’s PRC VIEs only out of
their retained earnings, if any, as determined in accordance with PRC accounting
standards and regulations. Subject to certain cumulative limit, a statutory
reserve fund requires annual appropriations of at least 10% of after-tax profit,
if any, of the relevant PRC VIE’s and subsidiary. The statutory reserve funds
are not distributable as cash dividends. As a result of these PRC laws and
regulations, the Company’s PRC VIE’s and subsidiary are restricted in their
abilities to transfer a portion of their net assets to the Company (See Note
14). Foreign exchange and other regulation in PRC may further restrict the
Company’s PRC VIEs and subsidiary from transferring funds to the Company in the
form of loans and/or advances.
As of
December 31, 2008 and 2007, substantially all of the Company’s net assets are
attributable to the PRC VIE’s and subsidiary. Accordingly, the Company’s
restricted net assets were approximately $37,321,000 and $28,002,000,
respectively.
NOTE 14 –
OPERATING
RISK
Currently,
the Company’s revenues are primarily derived from the sale of machinery to
customers in the PRC. The Company hopes to expand its operations to
countries outside the PRC, however, such expansion has not been commenced and
there is no assurance that the Company will be able to expand its
operations. Therefore, a downturn or stagnation in the economic
environment of the PRC could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s
financial condition. The Chinese textile industry has been severely impacted by
the worldwide economic downturn, which has resulted in a substantial decline in
exports. Additionally, the export market can also be subject to
protectionist measures imposed by importing countries seeking to protect their
own industries in a time of a declining demand for products. As
a result, the Company expects to experience a significant decline in the Dyeing
segment of its business. The Company cannot predict when, if at all,
business in this segment will improve. If the Company is not able to
generate sufficient business, it may discontinue this phase of our operations
and concentrate on our forged rings and electrical power equipment
segment.
The
forged rolled rings and electric power equipment segment is also dependent upon
its customers and potential customers making capital equipment
purchases. To the extent that the worldwide economic downturn
continues to affect the PRC, the Company’s customers and potential customers may
lack the ability to make capital equipment purchases, which would adversely
impact the Company. The government of the PRC has announced its goals
to increase the use of wind power in the PRC. The Company believes
that it may benefit from the stimulus plan of the central government of the PRC,
at least to the extent that any stimulus plans encourages the manufacture of
wind power equipment. However the Company cannot predict the amount
the nature or extent of these benefits and cannot give any assurance that it
will benefit from any programs that may be adopted.
NOTE 15 –
SUBSEQUENT
EVENTS
In
January 2009, Dyeing entered into a loan agreement with Industrial and
Commercial Bank of China and borrowed 1,000,000 RMB (approximately $145,896).
The loan is due on November 18, 2009, with annual interest at the rate of
6.1065% per annum, the rate being adjusted quarterly based on People’s Bank of
China’s base rate plus 1.5% and is secured by certain assets of
Dyeing.
In March
2009, the Company sold to two investors its 18-month, 15% notes in the aggregate
principal amount of $250,000 and warrants to purchase 437,500 shares at an
exercise price of $0.40 per share. Pursuant to the related purchase
agreements, our chief executive officer placed 1,531,250 shares of common stock
into escrow. The note holders have the right to take these shares,
valued at $0.20 per share, if the Company does not pay the interest on or
principal of the notes before such failure becomes an event of
default. Pursuant to the loan documents, in the event of that Leo
Wang ceases to be employed by the Company as its chief financial officer, the
holders of not less than $126,000 principal amount of the notes, shall have the
right, on not less than 60 days’ notice, to declare the notes in
default. If Mr. Wang ceases to be employed by the Company as a result
of his death, disability or a termination for cause, than the Company shall have
60 days to replace Mr. Wang with a chief financial officer acceptable to
investors.