As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 4, 2011

Registration No. 333-168407

 

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549



 

PRE-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO. 6
TO
Form S-11
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
OF SECURITIES OF CERTAIN REAL ESTATE COMPANIES



 

PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Governing Instruments)

3625 Cumberland Boulevard, Suite 400
Atlanta, Georgia 30339
(770) 818-4100

(Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number,
Including Area Code, of Registrant’s Principal Executive Offices)



 

John A. Williams
PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES, INC.
3625 Cumberland Boulevard, Suite 400
Atlanta, Georgia 30339
(770) 818-4100

(Name, Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number,
Including Area Code, of Agent for Service)



 

With copies to:

   
Peter M. Fass, Esq.
James P. Gerkis, Esq.
PROSKAUER ROSE LLP
Eleven Times Square
New York, New York 10036-8299
Tel: (212) 969-3000
Fax: (212) 969-2900
  Leonard A. Silverstein, Esq.
Jeffrey R. Sprain, Esq.
PREFERRED APARTMENT
COMMUNITIES, INC.
3625 Cumberland Boulevard, Suite 400
Atlanta, Georgia 30339
Tel: (770) 818-4100
Fax: (770) 818-4105
  Thomas G. Voekler, Esq.
Richard P. Cunningham, Esq.
HIRSCHLER FLEISCHER, PC
2100 East Cary Street
Richmond, Virginia 23223
Tel: (804) 771-9500
Fax: (804) 644-0957


 

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after the effective date of this Registration Statement.

If any of the Securities being registered on this form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 of the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box. o

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o

If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434, please check the following box. o

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

     
Large accelerated filer o   Accelerated filer o       Non-accelerated filer x   Smaller reporting company o
     (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
 

 


 
 

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CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

   
Title of Each Class of Securities to be Registered   Proposed Maximum
Aggregate
Offering Price (1)
  Amount of
Registration Fee (2) (3)
Common stock, $0.01 par value per share   $ 51,750,000     $ 3,208.50  

(1) Includes additional shares of common stock that the underwriters have the option to purchase.
(2) Estimated solely for purposes of calculating the registration fee in accordance with Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act of 1933.
(3) Previously paid $5,347.50 with the initial filing on July 30, 2010.


 

The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.


 
 

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The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. The prospectus is not an offer to sell the securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 
PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS DATED MARCH 4, 2011   SUBJECT TO COMPLETION

[GRAPHIC MISSING]

4,500,000 shares of common stock

Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. is an externally managed Maryland corporation incorporated on September 18, 2009 and primarily formed to acquire multifamily properties in select targeted markets throughout the United States.

This is our initial public offering and no public market currently exists for our common stock. We are offering 4,500,000 shares of common stock, of which up to 650,000 shares of our common stock are being offered to Williams Realty Fund I, LLC and up to 250,000 shares of our common stock may be offered to Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC, each of which is an affiliate of our sponsor, through our directed share program without payment of underwriting discounts and commissions by us, as described in this prospectus. It is currently assumed that the initial public offering price per share of our common stock will be $10.00 per share. We plan to list our common stock on the NYSE Amex, or AMEX, under the symbol “APTS.”

We intend to elect and qualify to be taxed as a real estate investment trust for U.S. federal income tax purposes, or REIT, commencing with our tax year ending December 31, 2011.

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should purchase these securities only if you can afford a complete loss of your investment. See the section entitled “Risk Factors” beginning on page 19 of this prospectus for a discussion of the risks which should be considered in connection with your investment in our common stock. Some of these risks include:

We have no operating history and may not be able to operate our business successfully or generate sufficient cash flow to make or sustain distributions to our stockholders.
We are depending on our manager to select investments and conduct our operations. Adverse changes in the financial condition of our manager or our relationship with our manager could adversely affect us.
There are substantial conflicts of interest between us and our sponsor, our manager and their respective affiliates regarding affiliate compensation, investment opportunities and management resources.
As long as we maintain our status as a REIT, we will be subject to numerous limitations and qualifications imposed on us under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, including that five or fewer individuals, as specially defined for these purposes, generally are prohibited from beneficially owning more than 50% of our outstanding shares (based on value) during the last half of each taxable year.
Our charter contains various restrictions on the ownership and transfer of our common stock.
Maintenance of our exemption from registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and our REIT qualification impose significant limits on our operations.
Our investment objectives and strategies may be changed without stockholder consent.
We are not yet a REIT and may be unable to qualify as a REIT.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities, determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete or passed on or endorsed the merits of this offering. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

   
  Per Share   Total
Public offering price of common stock   $            $         
Underwriting discounts and commissions   $     $  
Proceeds, before expenses, to us   $     $  

The underwriters of this underwritten offering will sell the shares offered on a firm commitment basis. The underwriters will receive underwriting discounts and commissions of $     per share of common stock sold (excluding shares of our common stock to be sold to Williams Realty Fund I, LLC and any shares of common stock that may be sold to Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC through our directed share program), which will be payable at closing. We have granted the underwriters the right to purchase up to an additional 675,000 shares of common stock to cover over-allotments. See “Underwriting.”

In connection with this underwritten offering, we have also agreed to issue to International Assets Advisory, LLC, our financial advisor, a warrant to purchase up to 150,000 shares of our common stock. If International Assets Advisory, LLC exercises this warrant, or financial advisor warrant, the purchase price for each share of common stock is expected to be $12.50 per share (125% of the assumed price per share of common stock sold in this offering). Neither the financial advisor warrant nor the underlying shares of common stock to be issued upon the exercise of the financial advisor warrant will be registered.

Immediately prior to the closing of the underwritten offering, we will complete the irrevocable private placement offering to Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC, or WOF, of 500,000 shares of our common stock, at a price per share equal to the public offering price per share of common stock, without payment of underwriting discounts and commissions by us.

The underwriters expect to deliver the shares on or about       , 2011.

Wunderlich Securities

Anderson & Strudwick

Boenning & Scattergood

Prospectus dated       , 2011


 
 

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PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES, INC.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 
  Page
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY     1  
Our Company     1  
Market Opportunities     2  
Our Competitive Strengths     2  
Our Investment Strategy     3  
Our Target Markets     3  
Our Financing Strategy     3  
Risk Management     4  
Summary Risk Factors     4  
Our Structure     5  
Management Agreement     6  
Conflicts of Interest     12  
Operating and Regulatory Structure     12  
Restrictions on Ownership and Transfer of our Common Stock     14  
Distribution Policy     15  
The Offerings     16  
Our Corporate Information     18  
RISK FACTORS     19  
Investment Risks     19  
Risks Related to Our Organization, Structure and Management     23  
Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest     29  
General Risks Related to Investments in Real Estate     32  
Risks Associated with Debt Financing     42  
Risks Related to Our Real Estate-Related Investments     46  
United States Federal Income Tax Risks     47  
Employee Benefit Plan Risks     53  
RESTRICTIONS IMPOSED BY THE USA PATRIOT ACT AND RELATED ACTS     54  
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS     55  
USE OF PROCEEDS     57  
DISTRIBUTION POLICY     59  
CAPITALIZATION     60  
DILUTION     61  
SELECTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION     63  
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS     64  
Overview     64  
Critical Accounting Policies     64  

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  Page
Results of Operations     66  
Liquidity and Capital Resources     67  
Contractual Obligations and Commitments     68  
Dividends     69  
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements     69  
Inflation     69  
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk     70  
PRIOR PERFORMANCE SUMMARY     71  
Prior Performance of Affiliates of Our Sponsor     71  
BUSINESS     77  
Our Company     77  
Our Manager     77  
John A. Williams     78  
Market Opportunities     78  
Our Competitive Strengths     82  
Our Investment Strategy     82  
Our Target Markets     85  
Our Financing Strategy     87  
Risk Management     87  
Investment Committee     87  
Policies With Respect to Certain Other Activities     88  
Operating and Regulatory Structure     88  
Competition     91  
Employees     92  
Legal Proceedings     92  
Other Information     92  
DESCRIPTION OF REAL ESTATE INVESTMENTS     93  
Property Acquisition     93  
Oxford Summit     95  
Oxford Rise     96  
OUR MANAGEMENT     98  
Our Directors and Executive Officers     98  
Corporate Governance — Board of Directors and Committees     104  
Executive and Director Compensation     106  
Code of Business Conduct and Ethics     109  
Limitation of Liability and Indemnification     109  
OUR MANAGER AND MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT     111  
General     111  
Officers of Our Manager     111  

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  Page
Management Agreement     111  
Management Compensation     115  
Investment Committee     121  
1% Manager Revenue Interest     121  
PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDERS     122  
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS     123  
Agreements With Institutional and Other Investors     123  
Conflicts of Interest     124  
DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES     131  
General     131  
Common Stock     131  
Preferred Stock     132  
Meetings and Special Voting Requirements     132  
Restrictions on Ownership and Transfer     133  
Distribution Policy and Distributions     134  
Stockholder Liability     135  
Business Combinations     136  
Control Share Acquisitions     136  
Subtitle 8     137  
Transfer Agent and Registrar     138  
SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE     139  
Rule 144     139  
Registration Rights Agreement     140  
SUMMARY OF OUR ORGANIZATIONAL DOCUMENTS     141  
Charter and By-law Provisions     141  
Stockholders’ Meetings and Voting Rights     141  
Board of Directors     141  
Inspection of Books and Records; Stockholder Lists     142  
Amendment of the Organizational Documents     142  
Dissolution or Termination of the Company     142  
Advance Notice of Director Nominations and New Business     142  
Indemnification and Limitation of Directors’ and Officers’ Liability     143  
REIT Qualification     144  
SUMMARY OF OUR OPERATING PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT     145  
Description of Partnership Units     145  
Management of the Operating Partnership     146  
Indemnification     146  
Transferability of Interests     147  
Extraordinary Transactions     147  

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  Page
Issuance of Additional Units     148  
Capital Contributions     148  
Distributions     148  
Liquidation     149  
Allocations     149  
Operations     149  
Limited Partner Exchange Rights     149  
Special Limited Partner     150  
Tax Matters     151  
Duties and Conflicts     151  
Term     151  
MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS     152  
General     153  
REIT Qualification Tests.     155  
Excess Inclusion Income     162  
Tax Aspects of Investments in Partnerships     162  
Taxation of U.S. Stockholders     165  
Taxation of Non-U.S. Stockholders.     168  
Other Tax Considerations     170  
INVESTMENT BY TAX-EXEMPT ENTITIES AND ERISA CONSIDERATIONS     171  
General     171  
Minimum and Other Distribution Requirements — Plan Liquidity     171  
Annual or More Frequent Valuation Requirement     172  
Fiduciary Obligations — Prohibited Transactions     172  
Plan Assets — Definition     173  
Plan Assets — Registered Investment Company Exception     173  
Publicly Offered Securities Exemption     173  
Plan Assets — Operating Company Exception     174  
Plan Assets — Not Significant Investment Exception     175  
Consequences of Holding Plan Assets     175  
Prohibited Transactions     175  
Prohibited Transactions — Consequences     176  
Reporting     176  
UNDERWRITING     177  
Financial Advisor Warrant     180  
LEGAL MATTERS     181  
EXPERTS     181  
ELECTRONIC DELIVERY OF DOCUMENTS     181  
WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION     182  

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  Page
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS     F-1  
APPENDIX A PRIOR PERFORMANCE TABLES     A-1  
PART II INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS     II-1  
SIGNATURES     II-5  
EXHIBIT INDEX     II-6  

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus, in any free writing prospectus prepared by us or information to which we have referred you. We have not, and the underwriters have not, authorized any dealer, salesperson or other person to provide you with different or additional information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. We are not, and the underwriters are not, making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information in this prospectus and any free writing prospectus prepared by us is accurate only as of their respective dates or on the date or dates which are specified in these documents. Our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.

Until     , 2011 (25 days after the date of this prospectus), all dealers that effect transactions in our common stock, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to the dealers’ obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as an underwriter and with respect to any unsold allotments or subscriptions.

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PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

This summary highlights some of the information in this prospectus. It does not contain all the information that you should consider before investing in our common stock. You should read carefully the detailed information set forth in the section entitled “Risk Factors” and other information included in this prospectus. Except where the context suggests otherwise, the terms “company,” “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc., a Maryland corporation, together with its consolidated subsidiaries, and “our manager” refers to Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC, our external manager and advisor, a Delaware limited liability company.

Unless otherwise indicated in the registration statement, of which this prospectus is a part, all information in this prospectus (other than historical financial information) assumes that (a) 4,500,000 shares of our common stock will be sold in the underwritten offering, of which up to 650,000 shares of our common stock are being offered to Williams Realty Fund I, LLC and up to 250,000 shares of our common stock may be offered to Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC, or WOF, each of which is an affiliate of our sponsor, through our directed share program without payment of underwriting discounts and commissions by us, and 500,000 shares of our common stock will be sold to WOF in the private placement offering without payment of underwriting discounts and commissions by us, each at $10.00 per share, and (b) there will be no exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase up to an additional 675,000 shares of common stock in the underwritten offering to cover over-allotments and no exercise by International Assets Advisory, LLC of the financial advisor warrant. In addition, all information in this prospectus gives effect to the following actions taken: (i) the change in the designation of our shares of Class A Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share, to common stock, $0.01 par value per share, and (ii) the change of each of our issued and outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share, to one issued and outstanding share of common stock, all pursuant to an amendment to our charter filed on February 22, 2011. Finally, we sometimes refer in this prospectus to the underwritten offering and the private placement offering together as the “offerings.”

Our Company

We are a Maryland corporation formed to acquire multifamily properties in select targeted markets throughout the United States. As a secondary strategy, we also may acquire senior mortgage loans, subordinate loans or mezzanine debt secured by interests in multifamily properties, membership or partnership interests in multifamily properties and other multifamily assets as determined by our manager as appropriate for us. We refer to these asset classes as our target assets.

We will be externally managed and advised by Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, which is controlled by John A. Williams, our sponsor and a veteran of and expert in the multifamily industry with over four decades of experience, including the founding of one of the nation’s premier multifamily real estate investment trusts, Post Properties, Inc. (NYSE:PPS), and Leonard A. Silverstein. Pursuant to the terms of a management agreement between our manager and us, our manager will be responsible for administering our day-to-day business operations, identifying and acquiring targeted real estate investments, overseeing the management of the investments, handling the disposition of the real estate investments and providing us with our management team and appropriate support personnel.

We also will benefit from Mr. Williams’ current organization and platform that specializes in multifamily real estate investment and management. With operations in over 20 nationwide markets, Mr. Williams’ organization includes (i) Williams Realty Advisors, LLC, or WRA — a full service investment management firm, (ii) Williams Asset Management, LLC, or WAM — a full service acquisition, asset management and disposition firm, and (iii) RAM Partners, LLC, or RAM, and Williams Residential Management, LLC, or WRM — both full-service property level management firms. RAM provides third party property level management services and WRM handles all owned assets within the Williams umbrella group. Collectively, RAM and WRM manage over 31,000 multifamily units. We believe these organizations will provide the full range of services necessary to fulfill our investment objectives.

On January 26, 2010, we concluded a private placement of 33,333 shares of our Class B Common Stock to NELL Partners, Inc., a Georgia corporation, or NELL Partners, an entity controlled by Messrs. Williams and Silverstein, at a price per share equal to $3.00 per share of Class B Common Stock. On the same date, we also concluded a private placement of 3,333 shares of our Class A Common Stock to NELL Partners at a

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price per share equal to $3.00 per share of Class A Common Stock. Pursuant to a change in the designation of our shares of Class A Common Stock to common stock and a change of each of our issued and outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock to one issued and outstanding share of common stock, all pursuant to an amendment to our charter filed on February 22, 2011, NELL Partners now holds 36,666 shares of common stock. For a discussion of our shares of common stock, see the section entitled “Description of Securities” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Immediately prior to the closing of the underwritten offering, we will complete the irrevocable private placement offering to WOF of 500,000 shares of our common stock, without payment of underwriting discounts and commissions by us, which we refer to as the “private placement offering.” The per share purchase price payable by WOF for the shares of common stock in the private placement offering is equal to the public offering price per share of common stock.

We also intend to raise additional capital in the future.

Our manager intends to brand all apartment communities owned by the Company as “A Preferred Apartment Community”, to make “A Preferred Apartment Community” a trademarked logo and ultimate tagline for each of our communities that will signify certain brand and management standards, and intends to obtain all rights to the trademarks, including federal registration of the trademarks with the United States Patent and Trademark Office, to secure such brand in connection with such branding. There can be no assurance that such trademarks will be issued. The strategy will allow each individual community to be part of a centralized marketing and advertising campaign, in addition to property level marketing and advertising. We expect that these campaigns will enhance further the individual property’s presence in the marketplace, and we believe that this will allow our communities to be perceived as premier over other properties within the marketplace. Our manager intends to enter into a non-exclusive license agreement with the Company as licensee with respect to all intellectual property of the manager other than trademarks. The license agreement will terminate automatically upon termination of our management agreement or will terminate upon a material breach of the license agreement that remains uncured for more than 30 days after receipt of notice of such breach. If the trademarks relating to the “A Preferred Apartment Community” brand are issued, our manager intends to enter into a non-exclusive license agreement with the Company as licensee with respect to the manager’s trademarks on substantially similar terms as the initial intellectual property license agreement.

Market Opportunities

As a result of the recent United States financial crisis and downturn in the United States economy, multifamily assets have seen a dramatic drop in their value. A combination of higher capitalization rates and downward pressure on renter incomes has adversely affected owners of multifamily assets and limited their options. Many recent transactions were highly leveraged with favorable initial financing terms. In many instances, the initial terms of these financings are about to expire or the debt is about to mature. These owners may have difficulty refinancing given the state of the real estate credit markets, and their only options may be a sale at a discount to investment or foreclosure. We believe our investments will benefit from the following:

the lower levels of new supply projected for the next several years,
the expected rebound in the general economy,
the continual introduction of the “echo boom” generation into the market, and
the decline in homeownership.

We believe this stress in the market will create multiple opportunities for investments.

Our Competitive Strengths

We believe that we distinguish ourselves from our competitors through the following competitive advantages:

the experience of Mr. Williams and his management team who have significant expertise in multifamily real estate and real estate-related debt investments and capital markets;
benefits from Mr. Williams’ and his management team’s relationships in the multifamily industry, which we expect to include access to a pipeline of investment opportunities; and

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asset and property management teams focused on multifamily assets, including third party property management of over 25,000 multifamily units across nine states, asset management of over 3,000 multifamily units across four states and in-house property management of over 7,000 multifamily units across seven states.

Our Investment Strategy

Our investment strategy will include, without limitation, the following:

acquiring assets where assets or the owners of assets are overleveraged or where the owners may be struggling to meet current debt service obligations on such assets, or, in certain circumstances, where owners are financial institutions or conduits under either legal or economic compulsion to sell;
acquiring assets that enable us to target five-year average cash-on-cash asset level returns of approximately 8.5% to 10% net of fees and expenses;
taking advantage of supply constraints in multifamily housing in part as a result of a lack of new construction over the past several years; and
taking advantage of favorable financing available from the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac) and the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae).

We currently do not anticipate investing in unimproved property, developing new construction properties or acquiring new construction, except we would consider a forward purchase contract on a to-be-built multifamily asset with appropriate provisions for minimum occupancy and income thresholds in order for us to expect the asset to be priced appropriately. In connection with entering into a forward purchase contract, we may be required to provide a deposit, a mezzanine loan or other assurances of our ability to perform our obligations under the forward purchase contract. We do not currently anticipate making any mezzanine loans other than in the context of such forward purchase contracts.

Although our initial identified acquisitions are from affiliates of our manager, we anticipate that future acquisitions by us of assets likely will be mostly from unaffiliated third parties. However, we would still consider an acquisition from an affiliated third party if such acquisition made financial sense to us and was approved by our conflicts committee comprised of independent directors.

Our Target Markets

Generally, we expect to target metropolitan statistical areas, or MSAs, of approximately one million people or more with favorable economic conditions. The conditions we may monitor in determining the economic conditions of a market include, but are not limited to, job growth, household income, the pipeline of new supply for multifamily units, the pipeline of new supply for single family units, current and forecasted occupancy for multifamily units, current and forecasted rental rate growth for multifamily units, and other statistics that may be relevant to individual markets. In addition, we will analyze forecast data from our manager’s affiliates gathered in their operations to support our assumptions. We also will utilize our management team’s network of industry contacts and relationships to generate significant information about current and future market conditions. See the section entitled “Business — Our Target Assets” included elsewhere in this prospectus for a detailed discussion of our target assets. See also the section entitled “Description of Real Estate Investments — Property Acquisition” included elsewhere in this prospectus for a detailed discussion of the two properties owned by affiliates of our manager that we have under contract for purchase.

Our Financing Strategy

We intend to utilize leverage in making our investments. The number of different investments we will acquire will be affected by numerous factors, including the amount of funds available to us. By operating on a leveraged basis, we will have more funds available for our investments. This will allow us to make more investments than would otherwise be possible, resulting in a larger and more diversified portfolio. See the “Risk Factors” section of this prospectus for more information about the risks related to operating on a leveraged basis.

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We intend to target leverage levels (secured and unsecured) between 50% and 65% of the value of our tangible assets on a portfolio basis. Neither our charter nor our by-laws contain any limitation on the amount of leverage we may use. Our investment guidelines, which can be amended by our board without stockholder approval, limit our borrowings (secured and unsecured) to 75% of the cost of our tangible assets at the time of any new borrowing. These targets, however, will not apply to individual real estate assets or investments. At the date of acquisition of each asset, we anticipate that the cost of investment for such asset will be substantially similar to its fair market value. However, subsequent events, including changes in the fair market value of our assets, could result in our exceeding these limits. See the section entitled “Business — Our Financing Strategy” included elsewhere in this prospectus for a detailed discussion of our borrowing policies.

Our secured and unsecured aggregate borrowings are intended by us to be reasonable in relation to our net assets and will be reviewed by our board of directors at least quarterly. In determining whether our borrowings are reasonable in relation to our net assets, we expect that our board of directors will consider many factors, including without limitation, the lending standards of government-sponsored enterprises, such as Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and other companies for loans in connection with the financing of multifamily properties, the leverage ratios of publicly traded and non-traded REITs with similar investment strategies, cash flow coverage, whether we have positive leverage (in that, the board will compare the capitalization rates of our properties to the interest rates on the indebtedness of such properties) and general market and economic conditions. There is no limitation on the amount that we may borrow for any single investment.

Risk Management

Risk management is a fundamental principle in our manager’s construction of our portfolio and in the management of each investment. Diversification of our portfolio by investment size and location is critical to controlling portfolio-level risk. Over the long term, we intend that no single asset will exceed 15% of our total assets and that we will not have more than 25% of our total assets invested in any single MSA. However, until a sufficient number of properties are acquired, we anticipate that we will have single assets in excess of 15% of our total assets and more than 25% of our assets in a single MSA.

Summary Risk Factors

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. If we are unable to manage effectively the impact of these risks, we may not meet our investment objectives, and therefore, you should purchase these securities only if you can afford a complete loss of your investment. See the section entitled “Risk Factors” included elsewhere in this prospectus for a discussion of the risks that should be considered in connection with your investment in our common stock. Some of the more significant risks relating to the underwritten offering and an investment in our shares of common stock include:

We have no operating history and may not be able to operate our business successfully or generate sufficient cash flow to make or sustain distributions to our stockholders;
Except for the two currently identified properties, you may not have the opportunity to evaluate our investments before you make your purchase of our common stock, thus making your investment more speculative;
No public market currently exists and no active market may ever develop for shares of our common stock;
If we, through our manager, are unable to find suitable investments, then we may not be able to achieve our investment objectives or pay distributions;
Our properties may be adversely affected by current economic conditions and uncertainty, as well as economic cycles and risks inherent to the geographical markets we intend to target and the apartment community sector;
We may be unable to pay or maintain cash distributions or increase distributions over time;
We may borrow money, sell assets or use proceeds of this offering to make distributions to our stockholders if we are unable to make distributions with our cash flows from our operations. Such distributions could reduce the cash available to us and could constitute a return of capital to stockholders;

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We are dependent upon our sponsor, our manager and their respective affiliates to conduct our operations, and therefore, any adverse changes in the financial health of our sponsor, our manager or their affiliates could hinder our operating performance and the return on your investment;
There are numerous conflicts of interest between the interests of investors and our interests or the interests of our manager, our sponsor and their respective affiliates, which we may not experience if we were self-managed;
The incentive structure of our manager’s special limited partnership interest may result in our manager recommending riskier or more speculative investments;
The ownership of 36,666 shares of our common stock by NELL Partners and the ownership by WOF of 500,000 shares of common stock upon consummation of the private placement offering, as well as the potential ownership or control of a significant portion of additional shares of common stock by affiliates of our sponsor, will limit the ability of holders of shares of common stock not affiliated with our sponsor to influence corporate matters;
Our investment objectives and strategies may be changed without stockholder consent;
We are obligated to pay substantial fees to our manager and its affiliates, including fees payable without regard to our profitability;
There are significant risks associated with maintaining as high a level of leverage as we expect to maintain (generally 50% to 65% of our tangible assets value on a portfolio basis and our investment guidelines allow borrowings up to 75% of the cost of our tangible assets at the time of any new borrowing and our charter and our by-laws contain no limitations on the amount of leverage we may use);
As long as we maintain our status as a REIT, we will be subject to limitations on ownership and transferability of our shares of common stock;
We are subject to risks associated with the significant dislocations and liquidity disruptions currently existing or occurring in the United States credit markets;
We may fail to qualify or continue to qualify to be treated as a REIT; and
We may be deemed to be an investment company under the Investment Company Act and thus subject to regulation under the Investment Company Act.

Our Structure

We were formed as a Maryland corporation on September 18, 2009. The following chart shows our structure after giving effect to the private placement offering and the underwritten offering.

[GRAPHIC MISSING]

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(1) NELL Partners, Inc. is controlled by John A. Williams, our sponsor, and Leonard A. Silverstein.
(2) Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC is controlled by NELL Partners, Inc. Other than the 1% Manager Revenue Interest (as defined in the section entitled “Our Manager and Management Agreement — 1% Manager Revenue Interest” included elsewhere in this prospectus) held by WOF, all interests of Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC are held by NELL Partners, Inc.
(3) The common stock investors in the underwritten offering will own registered shares of common stock of Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. The 500,000 shares of common stock acquired by WOF in the private placement offering will not be registered shares.
(4) NELL Partners, Inc. owns 36,666 shares of common stock and WOF will own 500,000 shares of common stock upon the consummation of the private placement offering. Up to 650,000 shares of common stock are being offered to Williams Realty Fund I, LLC in the underwritten offering and up to 250,000 shares of common stock may be offered to WOF in the underwritten offering. We also may sell up to 2% of the shares of common stock available for purchase in the underwritten offering to other affiliates of our sponsor under our directed share program.
(5) Each property is expected to be held in a special purpose entity.
(6) As the special limited partner of the operating partnership, our manager is entitled to receive a participation in net sales proceeds of our investments. See the section entitled “Our Manager and Management Agreement — Management Compensation — Special Limited Partnership Interest” included elsewhere in this prospectus for information relating to the calculation of distributions with respect to the special limited partnership interest and conditions under which it may be paid.

Management Agreement

We will be externally managed and advised by our manager. Our manager will at all times be subject to the supervision and oversight of our board of directors and has only such functions and authority as we delegate to it. We do not expect to have any employees.

We have entered into an amended and restated management agreement with our manager. Pursuant to the management agreement, our manager will provide us with a management team and appropriate support personnel to implement our business strategy and perform certain services for us, subject to oversight by our board of directors. Our manager will be responsible for, among other duties (1) performing and administering all our day-to-day operations, (2) determining investment criteria in conjunction with our board of directors, (3) sourcing, analyzing and executing asset acquisitions, sales and financings, (4) performing asset management duties, (5) performing property management duties, and (6) performing financial and accounting management. Our manager has an investment committee that will oversee our investment guidelines, our investment portfolio and its compliance with our investment guidelines and policies.

The initial term of the management agreement expires on the fifth anniversary of the closing of the offerings and will be automatically renewed for a one-year term each anniversary date thereafter unless previously terminated as described below. Our independent directors will review our manager’s performance and fees that may be payable to our manager annually, and, following the initial term, the management agreement may be terminated annually upon the affirmative vote of at least 75% of our independent directors, based upon (1) unsatisfactory performance that is materially detrimental to us, or (2) our determination that the fees payable to our manager are not in accordance with market rates, subject to our manager’s right to prevent such termination due to above-market fees by accepting a reduction of fees to at or below market rates agreed to by at least 75% of our independent directors. We must provide 180 days’ prior written notice of any such termination. We also may terminate the management agreement at any time, including during the initial term, without the payment of any termination fee, with at least 30 days’ prior written notice from our board of directors for cause, as defined in the management agreement, in the absence of our manager’s cure. We do not have the right to decline to renew the management agreement. Our manager may decline to renew the management agreement by providing us with 180 days’ prior written notice. Our manager may terminate the management agreement for good reason, with at least 60 days’ prior written notice, in the absence of our cure. Unless the manager declines to renew the management agreement or is terminated for cause, our manager will be paid accrued fees upon termination as described in the table below.

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The following table summarizes the fees and expense reimbursements that we will pay to our manager (or persons affiliated with or related to our manager, including our officers) and to our independent directors (amounts estimated based on the full exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option):

   
Type of Compensation   Determination of Amount   Estimated Amount
Organizational and Offering Expenses   We will reimburse our manager up to 2% of gross offering proceeds for actual expenses incurred in connection with our formation and the offering. Organizational and offering expenses include all expenses to be paid by us in connection with the offering, such as our legal, accounting, printing, mailing and filing fees, charges of our escrow holder and transfer agent, reimbursement of bona fide, itemized and detailed due diligence expenses of our underwriters and our underwriters’ legal fees.   $1,135,000
     Acquisition and Operational Stage     
Acquisition Fees   Fees payable to our manager in the amount of 1.0% of the gross contract purchase price of the property, loan or other real estate-related asset purchased, for services in connection with selecting, evaluating and acquiring such asset. For purposes of this prospectus, “gross contract purchase price” means the amount actually paid or allocated in respect of the purchase of a property or the amount actually paid or allocated in respect of the purchase of loans or other real-estate related assets, in each case inclusive of acquisition expenses and any indebtedness assumed or incurred in respect of such investment but exclusive of acquisition fees.   $475,750 (assuming no
debt)
$1,359,286 (assuming
we incur our expected
leverage of 65% of
acquisition cost)
$1,903,000 (assuming
we incur our maximum
leverage of 75% of
acquisition cost)
Acquisition Expenses (1)   We will reimburse our manager for expenses actually incurred (including personnel costs) related to selecting, evaluating and acquiring assets on our behalf, regardless of whether we actually acquire the related assets. Personnel costs associated with providing such services will be determined based on the amount of time incurred by the applicable employee of our manager and the corresponding payroll and payroll related costs incurred by our affiliate. In addition, we also will pay third parties, or reimburse our manager or its affiliates, for any investment-related expenses due to third parties, including, but not limited to, legal fees and expenses, travel and communications expenses, costs of appraisals, accounting fees and expenses, third-party brokerage or finder’s fees, title insurance expenses, survey expenses, property inspection expenses and other closing costs, regardless of whether we acquire the related assets.   Not determinable
at this time.

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Type of Compensation   Determination of Amount   Estimated Amount
Asset Management Fee (2)   We will pay our manager a monthly fee equal to one-twelfth of 0.50% of the total value of our assets (including cash or cash equivalents) based on the adjusted cost of our assets before reduction for depreciation, amortization, impairment charges and cumulative acquisition costs charged to expense in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, (adjusted cost will include the purchase price, acquisition expenses, capital expenditures and other customarily capitalized costs). This fee will be payable monthly in arrears, based on assets held by us on the last date of the prior month, adjusted for appropriate closing dates for individual property acquisitions.   Not determinable
at this time.
Property Management and Leasing Fee (2)   We will pay our manager a monthly fee equal to 4% of the monthly gross revenues of our properties managed, for services in connection with the rental, leasing, operation and management of our properties and the supervision of any third parties that are engaged by our manager to provide such services. Our manager may subcontract the performance of its property management and leasing services duties to third parties or affiliates and pay all or a portion of its property management fee to such persons with whom it contracts for these services. Our manager will be responsible for all fees payable to third parties or affiliates in connection with subcontracted property management and leasing duties. The property management and leasing fee will be payable monthly in arrears, based on the actual gross revenues for the prior month.   Not determinable
at this time.
General and Administrative Expenses Fee (1) (2) (3)   We will pay our manager a monthly fee equal to 2% of the monthly gross revenues of our properties.   Not determinable
at this time.

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Type of Compensation   Determination of Amount   Estimated Amount
Disposition Fee on Sale of Assets   We may pay our manager a commission upon the sale of one or more of our properties or other assets in an amount equal to the lesser of (a) one-half of the commission that would be reasonable, customary and competitive in light of the size, type and location of the asset, and (b) 1% of the sale price of the asset. Payment of such fee may be made only if the manager provides a substantial amount of services in connection with the sale of the asset as determined by a majority of our independent directors. In addition, the amount paid when added to all other commissions paid to unaffiliated parties in connection with such sale shall not exceed the lesser of (1) the commission that would be reasonable, customary and competitive in light of the size, type and location of the asset and (2) an amount equal to 6% of the sale price of such asset.   Not determinable at this time because actual
amounts are dependent
upon the sale price of
specific assets and
what would
be reasonable,
customary and
competitive at the time of sale.
Construction Fee, Development Fee and Landscaping Fee   We will pay our manager a construction fee, development fee and landscaping fee at market rates customary and competitive in light of the size, type and location of the asset in connection with the construction, development or landscaping of a property, or for management and oversight of expansion projects and other capital improvements.   Not determinable at this
time because actual
amounts are dependent
upon market rates in
light of the size, type
and location of the asset.
Accrued Fees Upon Termination   If the management agreement is terminated by reason of a change of control, by us without cause, by the manager for good reason or upon our liquidation, the manager will be entitled to receive payment of any earned but unpaid compensation and expense reimbursements accrued as of the date of termination.   Not determinable
at this time.
Awards Under Our Stock Incentive Plan   We have adopted a stock incentive plan pursuant to which our directors, officers and employees (if we ever have employees), employees of our manager and its affiliates, employees of entities that provide services to us, directors of our manager or of entities that provide services to us, certain of our consultants and certain consultants to our manager and its affiliates or entities that provide services to us may be granted equity incentive awards in the form of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, performance shares or other stock-based awards. Our compensation committee will determine all awards under our stock incentive plan and the vesting schedule for the grants.   The total number of shares that may be made subject to awards under our stock incentive plan will not exceed 567,500 shares of our common stock.

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Type of Compensation   Determination of Amount   Estimated Amount
Compensation to Independent Directors   We pay to each of our independent directors a retainer of $50,000 per year. We also pay an annual retainer of $10,000 to the chair of our audit committee. In addition, each independent director will be paid a fee of $2,000 for each board committee meeting the director attends in person and reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with attendance of meetings of our board or board committees. We may issue shares of our common stock pursuant to our stock incentive plan in lieu of paying an independent director his or her annual fees and/or meeting fees in cash. Any fees owed to our independent directors will be paid in shares of restricted common stock for the first two years after our initial public offering. Afterwards, any such fees may be paid in cash or stock. Our independent directors also may receive awards under our stock incentive plan. Our compensation committee will determine all awards to our independent directors under our stock incentive plan and the vesting schedule for the grants.   The independent directors, as a group, will receive for a full fiscal year estimated aggregate compensation of approximately $350,000, payable in cash or shares of our common stock.

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Type of Compensation   Determination of Amount   Estimated Amount
     Liquidation Stage     
Special Limited Partnership Interest   Our manager will receive a special limited partnership interest entitling it to distributions from our operating partnership equal to 15% of the amount by which the sum of the net selling price of each asset (which equals the proceeds actually received by us from the sale of an asset after paying off outstanding debt related to the sold asset and paying any seller related closing costs, including any commission paid to our manager in connection with the sale of the asset, less expenses allowable to the sold asset) plus distributions in respect of such asset exceeds the sum of the aggregate capital contributed by investors in respect of such asset plus an amount that would be equal to a 7% cumulative, non-compounded annual return to investors in respect of such asset (such sum, the “Preferred Return”). In addition, prior to any payment of distributions with respect to the special limited partnership interest for a sold asset, an amount equal to the Preferred Return for all previously sold assets must have been paid to the investors. Moreover, to the extent a distribution with respect to the special limited partnership interest has been paid to our manager for any assets sold within 60 days prior to the sale of an asset in which the Preferred Return for that asset was not met, our manager must return to us an amount up to the distribution so received for the assets sold within such 60-day period, which will be applied to any Preferred Return shortfall actually arising from the sale of the subsequent asset. Our manager is entitled to the distributions related to its special limited partnership interest in addition to any commission that may be payable to the manager upon the disposition of our assets as described above.   Not determinable at this time

(1) Amounts paid in respect of acquisition expenses and the general and administrative expenses fee include our portion of any expenses incurred by our manager on behalf of joint ventures in which we are a joint venturer.
(2) The total amount of the asset management, property management and leasing and general and administrative fees and expenses paid or reimbursed to our manager will be capped at 1.50% of total value of our assets (including cash and cash equivalents) based on the adjusted cost of our assets before reduction for depreciation, amortization, impairment charges and cumulative acquisition costs charged to expense in accordance with GAAP (adjusted cost will include the purchase price, acquisition expenses, capital expenditures and other customarily capitalized costs).
(3) In addition to the general and administrative expenses fee, we may reimburse our manager for certain costs and expenses it incurs in connection with the services it provides to us, including, but not limited to, personnel costs. See the section entitled “Our Manager and Management Agreement — Management Agreement” included elsewhere in this prospectus for details relating to these additional costs and expenses.

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Conflicts of Interest

NELL Partners, an entity controlled by Messrs. Williams and Silverstein and the sole member of our manager, owns 36,666 shares of common stock. Conflicts of interest may exist between us and our sponsor, our manager and some of their respective affiliates, including NELL Partners and other affiliates of our manager. Some of these potential conflicts include:

The possibility that our manager’s affiliates may invest in properties that meet our investment profile or in markets in which we own investments and will compete for tenants and sales opportunities;
Competition for the time and services of personnel that work for us and our manager’s affiliates;
Substantial compensation payable by us to our manager and its affiliates for their various services, which may not be on market terms and is payable, in many cases, whether or not our stockholders receive distributions;
The possibility that we may acquire or consolidate with our manager to internalize our management on terms that are other than arm’s length;
The possibility that we may do business with entities that have pre-existing relationships with our manager’s affiliates, which may result in a conflict between our business and the ongoing business relationships our manager’s affiliates have with each other;
The possibility that our manager, its officers and their respective affiliates will face conflicts of interest relating to the purchase, leasing and disposition of properties and the acquisition of real estate-related debt and securities, and that such conflicts may not be resolved in our favor, thus potentially limiting our investment opportunities, impairing our ability to make distributions and reducing the value of the common stock;
The possibility that our manager and its affiliates may make recommendations to us that we buy, hold or sell property or other investments that may result in payments to them;
The possibility that, if we acquire properties from or make investments in entities owned or sponsored by affiliates of our manager, the price may be higher than we would pay if the transaction were the result of arm’s-length negotiations with a third party, but we would do so only if our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, approves the investment and only if there is justification for such excess price and such excess is reasonable;
The possibility that our manager, its officers and their respective affiliates, some of whom are also our officers (and our directors), will face conflicts of interest caused by their ownership or control of our manager and their roles with other programs, resulting in actions that are not in the long-term best interests of our stockholders;
Conflicts of interest also may arise in connection with the potential sale or refinancing of our properties or the enforcement of agreements with our manager and its affiliates; and
The possibility that, if our manager and its affiliates provide services in connection with the management of a particular property, we may retain assets which are not as profitable and sell assets which provide a greater return.

See the section entitled “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions — Conflicts of Interest” included elsewhere in this prospectus for details on these and other conflicts of interest.

Operating and Regulatory Structure

REIT Qualification

We intend to elect and qualify to be taxed as a REIT, commencing with our taxable year ending on December 31, 2011. In addition, we may hold certain of our assets through taxable REIT subsidiaries, or TRSs, which may be subject to corporate-level income tax at regular rates. Our qualification as a REIT depends on our ability to meet, on a continuing basis, through actual investment and operating results, various complex requirements under the Code, relating to, among other things, the sources of our gross income, the

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composition and values of our assets, our distribution levels and the concentration of ownership of our shares of capital stock. We believe that we have been organized in conformity with the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT under the Code, and that our proposed method of operation will enable us to meet the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT.

So long as we qualify as a REIT, we generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on our REIT taxable income we distribute currently to our stockholders. Under the Code, REITs are subject to numerous organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement that they distribute each year at least 90% of their REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding any net capital gain. If we fail to qualify for taxation as a REIT in any taxable year, and the statutory relief provisions of the Code do not apply, we will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates and may be precluded from qualifying as a REIT for the subsequent four taxable years following the year during which we lost our REIT qualification. Distributions to stockholders in any year in which we are not a REIT would not be deductible by us, nor would they be required to be made. Even if we qualify for taxation as a REIT, we may be subject to certain state and local taxes on our income or property and to U.S. federal income and excise taxes on our undistributed income.

Investment Company Act of 1940 Considerations

We intend to conduct our operations so that our company and each of its subsidiaries are exempt from registration as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, or the Investment Company Act. Under Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act, a company is an “investment company” if it is, or holds itself out as being, engaged primarily, or proposes to engage primarily, in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities. Under Section 3(a)(1)(C) of the Investment Company Act, a company is deemed to be an “investment company” if it is engaged, or proposes to engage, in the business of investing, reinvesting, owning, holding or trading in securities and owns or proposes to acquire “investment securities” having a value exceeding 40% of the value of its total assets (exclusive of government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis, or the 40% test. “Investment securities” exclude U.S. Government securities and securities of majority-owned subsidiaries that are not themselves investment companies and are not relying on the exception from the definition of investment company set forth in Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act.

We intend to acquire real estate and real-estate related assets directly, for example, by acquiring fee interests in real property, or by purchasing interests, including controlling interests, in REITs or other “real estate operating companies,” such as real estate management companies and real estate development companies, that own real property. We also may acquire real estate assets through investments in joint venture entities, including joint venture entities in which we may not own a controlling interest. We anticipate that our assets generally will be held in wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries of the company, each formed to hold a particular asset.

We intend to conduct our operations so that our company and most, if not all, of its wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries will comply with the 40% test. We will continuously monitor our holdings on an ongoing basis to determine the compliance of our company and each wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiary with this test. Because we expect that most of our assets will be real estate investments, we expect that most, if not all, of the company’s wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries will not be relying on exemptions under either Section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act. Consequently, interests in these subsidiaries (which are expected to constitute most, if not all, of our assets) generally will not constitute “investment securities.” Accordingly, we believe that our company and most, if not all, of its wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries will not be considered investment companies under Section 3(a)(1)(C) of the Investment Company Act.

In addition, we believe that neither our company nor any of its wholly-owned or majority-owned subsidiaries will be considered investment companies under Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act because they will not engage primarily, or propose to engage primarily, or hold themselves out as being engaged primarily in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities. Rather, our company and its subsidiaries will be primarily engaged in non-investment company businesses related to real estate.

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Consequently, the company and its subsidiaries expect to be able to conduct their respective operations such that none of them will be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act.

The determination of whether an entity is a majority-owned subsidiary of our company is made by us. The Investment Company Act defines a majority-owned subsidiary of a person as a company 50% or more of the outstanding voting securities of which are owned by such person, or by another company which is a majority-owned subsidiary of such person. The Investment Company Act further defines voting securities as any security presently entitling the owner or holder thereof to vote for the election of directors of a company. We treat companies in which we own at least a majority of the outstanding voting securities as majority-owned subsidiaries for purposes of the 40% test. We have not requested that the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, approve our treatment of any entity as a majority-owned subsidiary and the SEC staff has not done so. If the SEC staff were to disagree with our treatment of one or more companies as majority-owned subsidiaries, we would need to adjust our strategy and our assets in order to comply with the 40% test. Any such adjustment in our strategy could have a material adverse effect on us.

We intend to conduct our operations so that neither we nor any of our wholly-owned or majority-owned subsidiaries fall within the definition of “investment company” under the Investment Company Act. If our company or any of its wholly-owned or majority-owned subsidiaries inadvertently falls within one of the definitions of “investment company,” we intend to rely on the exclusion provided by Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act, which is available for entities primarily engaged in the business of “purchasing or otherwise acquiring mortgages and other liens on and interests in real estate.” In addition to prohibiting the issuance of certain types of securities, this exclusion generally requires that at least 55% of an entity’s assets must be comprised of mortgages and other liens on and interests in real estate, also known as “qualifying assets,” and at least 80% of the entity’s assets must be comprised of qualifying assets and a broader category of assets that we refer to as “real estate related assets” under the Investment Company Act. Additionally, no more than 20% of the entity’s assets may be comprised of miscellaneous assets.

Qualification for exemption from the definition of “investment company” under the Investment Company Act will limit our ability to make certain investments. For example, these restrictions may limit the ability of our company and its subsidiaries to invest directly in mortgage-related securities that represent less than the entire ownership in a pool of mortgage loans, debt and equity tranches of securitizations and certain asset-backed securities, distressed debt, subordinated debt and real estate companies or in assets not related to real estate. Although we intend to monitor our portfolio, there can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain this exemption from registration for our company or each of our subsidiaries.

To the extent that the SEC staff provides more specific guidance regarding any of the matters bearing upon the definition of investment company and the exceptions to that definition, we may be required to adjust our investment strategy accordingly. Additional guidance from the SEC staff could provide additional flexibility to us, or it could further inhibit our ability to pursue the investment strategy we have chosen.

Restrictions on Ownership and Transfer of our Common Stock

To assist us in complying with the limitations on the concentration of ownership of a REIT imposed by the Code, among other purposes, our charter prohibits, with certain exceptions, any stockholder from beneficially or constructively owning, applying certain attribution rules under the Code, more than 9.8% in value of the aggregate of our outstanding shares of stock or more than 9.8% (in value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive) of any class or series of our shares of stock. Our board of directors may, in its sole discretion, waive the 9.8% ownership limit with respect to a particular stockholder if it is presented with certain representations and undertakings required by our charter and other evidence satisfactory to it that such ownership will not then or in the future jeopardize our qualification as a REIT. Our board of directors agreed to waive the 9.8% ownership limit with respect to the holdings by NELL Partners of 36,666 shares of common stock.

Our charter also prohibits any person from, among other things:

beneficially or constructively owning shares of our capital stock that would result in our being “closely held” under Section 856(h) of the Code, or otherwise cause us to fail to qualify as a REIT; or

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transferring shares of our capital stock if such transfer would result in our capital stock being beneficially owned by fewer than 100 persons.

In addition, our charter provides that any ownership or purported transfer of our capital stock in violation of the foregoing restrictions will result in the shares so owned or transferred being automatically transferred to a charitable trust for the benefit of a charitable beneficiary (or, in the case of a transfer that would result in our capital stock being beneficially owned by fewer than 100 persons, be void), and the purported owner or transferee acquiring no rights in such shares. If a transfer to a charitable trust would be ineffective for any reason to prevent a violation of the restriction, the transfer resulting in such violation will be void from the time of such purported transfer.

Distribution Policy

We intend to make regular quarterly distributions to holders of our common stock. U.S. federal income tax law generally requires that a REIT distribute annually at least 90% of its REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gain, and that it pay tax at regular corporate rates to the extent that it annually distributes less than 100% of its net taxable income. We generally intend to pay over time quarterly dividends in an amount equal to 100% of our net taxable income. We plan to pay our first dividend in respect of the period from the closing of the offerings through June 30, 2011, which may be prior to the time that we have fully used the net proceeds from the offerings to acquire our target assets. Although not currently anticipated, if our board of directors determines to authorize distributions in excess of the income or cash flow generated from our target assets, we may make such distributions from the proceeds of this or future offerings of equity or debt securities or other forms of debt financing or the sale of our assets.

Any distributions we make will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon, among other things, our actual results of operations. These results and our ability to pay distributions will be affected by various factors, including the net income from our portfolio of investments, our operating expenses and any other expenditures. For more information, see the section entitled “Distribution Policy” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

We cannot assure you that we will make any distributions to our stockholders.

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The Offerings

Common stock offered by us    
    4,500,000 shares of common stock will be offered through our underwriters in the underwritten offering on a firm commitment basis, of which up to 650,000 shares of our common stock are being offered to Williams Realty Fund I, LLC and up to 250,000 shares of our common stock may be offered to WOF, each of which is an affiliate of our sponsor, through our directed share program without payment of underwriting discounts and commissions by us. Immediately prior to the closing of the underwritten offering, we will complete the irrevocable private placement offering to WOF of 500,000 shares of our common stock. The purchase price for each share of common stock in the private placement offering will be the same as the initial public offering price in the underwritten offering, without payment of underwriting discounts and commissions by us.
Capital stock to be outstanding after the offerings    
    5,036,666 shares of common stock.
Over-allotment option to purchase additional shares    
    The underwriters have an option to purchase up to an additional 675,000 shares of common stock from us. The underwriters can exercise this option at any time within 30 days from the date of this prospectus.
Financial advisor warrant    
    In connection with this offering, we have also agreed to issue to International Assets Advisory, LLC, our financial advisor, the financial advisor warrant to purchase up to 150,000 shares of our common stock. If International Assets Advisory, LLC exercises this warrant, the purchase price for each share of common stock is expected to be $12.50 per share (125% of the assumed price per share of common stock sold in this offering). Neither the warrant nor the underlying shares of common stock to be issued upon an exercise of the warrant will be registered. Under certain circumstances, the warrant also may be exercised on a “cashless” basis, which allows our financial advisor to elect to pay the exercise price by surrendering the warrant for that number of shares of our common stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of shares of our common stock underlying the warrant, multiplied by the difference between the exercise price of the warrant and the “fair market value” (defined below) of the common stock by (y) the “fair market value” of the common stock. The “fair market value” shall mean the average reported last sale price of our common stock for the five trading days immediately preceding the date as of which the fair market value is being determined.
Use of proceeds    
    We estimate that we will receive net proceeds from the sale of shares of our common stock in the underwritten offering of approximately $39.5 million, or $45.7 million if the underwriters fully exercise their over-allotment

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    option, based on an assumed initial public offering price of $10.00 per share, in each case after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses (including the advisory fee and expense reimbursements payable to International Assets Advisory, LLC) payable by us of approximately $5.1 million, or $5.6 million if the underwriters fully exercise their over-allotment option and after deducting estimated organizational costs of approximately $0.4 million. We estimate that we will receive net proceeds from the sale of shares of our common stock in the private placement offering of approximately $4.7 million, after deducting estimated organizational costs and offering expenses of approximately $0.3 million. The total net proceeds that we estimate we will receive from the private placement offering and the underwritten offering will be approximately $44.2 million, or $50.5 million if the underwriters fully exercise their over-allotment option. We intend to invest the net proceeds to us of the private placement offering and the underwritten offering of our common stock in two or more properties with an aggregate gross value (inclusive of mortgage indebtedness) of approximately $126.3 million, or $144.2 million if the underwriters fully exercise their over-allotment option, including the two properties we have identified for potential acquisition, which are more fully described in the section entitled “Description of Real Estate Investments.” We intend to acquire properties through the incurrence of indebtedness (secured and unsecured) constituting approximately 65% of our tangible assets value on a portfolio basis, with the balance of the acquisition cost thereof funded through the use of the net proceeds to us of the private placement offering and the underwritten offering. While currently we do not have any financing commitments in place in connection with the acquisitions of the two properties, upon completion of the offerings we expect to execute commitment letters with either Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac and pay a fee equal to 2% of the loan proceeds for each of the two loans, which payments will be reimbursed to us at the closing of each loan. If first mortgage financing is unavailable from Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac, we plan to prioritize the acquisition of the two properties and use the proceeds from the offering to acquire one of the properties, as more fully described in the section entitled “Description of Real Estate Investments.” Neither our charter nor our by-laws contain any limitation on the amount of leverage we may use. Our investment guidelines, which can be amended by our board without stockholder approval, limit our borrowings (secured and unsecured) to 75% of the cost of our tangible assets at the time of any new borrowing. In addition, we expect to repay amounts borrowed from WOF pursuant to three separate financing arrangements

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    that aggregate approximately $1.5 million. See the section entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Liquidity and Capital Resources” located elsewhere in this prospectus for details relating to these financing arrangements. Our manager may invest proceeds of the offerings in interest-bearing short-term investments that are consistent with our intention to qualify as a REIT, pending investment in our target assets. These initial investments are expected to provide a lower net return than we will seek to achieve from our target assets. See the section entitled “Use of Proceeds” included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Proposed AMEX symbol    
    “APTS”

Our Corporate Information

Our principal executive offices are located at 3625 Cumberland Boulevard, Suite 400, Atlanta, Georgia 30339. Our telephone number is (770) 818-4100. Our website is www.pacapts.com . The contents of our website are not part of this prospectus. The information on our website is not intended to form a part of or be incorporated by reference into this prospectus.

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RISK FACTORS

The purchase of shares of our common stock involves a number of risks. You should carefully consider the following risk factors in conjunction with the other information contained in this prospectus before making an investment in our common stock. The risks discussed in this prospectus could adversely affect our business, operating results, prospects and financial condition. This could cause the value of our common stock to decline and/or you to lose part or all of your investment. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face, but do represent those risks and uncertainties that we believe are material to us. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that, as of the date of this prospectus, we deem immaterial also may harm our business.

Investment Risks

Our lack of prior operating history makes it difficult for you to evaluate our likely performance and this investment.

We were incorporated on September 18, 2009, and our manager was organized on May 18, 2010, and thus we and our manager are both recently formed entities with no prior operating history and we both may be unable to successfully operate our businesses or achieve our investment objectives. The past performance of other real estate investment programs sponsored by our sponsor, John A. Williams, or his affiliates may not be indicative of the performance we may achieve. We have no income, cash flow, funds from operations or funds from which we can make distributions to you. We may not be able to conduct our business as planned and/or successfully carry out our business as planned.

You should consider our prospectus in light of the risks, uncertainties and difficulties frequently encountered by companies like ours that do not have a substantial operating history, many of which may be beyond our control. Therefore to be successful in this market, we must among other things:

identify and acquire investments that further our investment strategy;
attract, integrate, motivate and retain qualified personnel to manage our day-to-day operations;
respond to competition both for investment opportunities and potential investors in us; and
build and expand our operations structure to support our business.

We cannot guarantee that we will succeed in achieving these goals, and our failure to do so could cause you to lose all or a portion of your investment.

We differ from prior programs sponsored by our sponsor in a number of respects, and therefore, the past performance of those programs may not be indicative of our future results.

The past performance of prior investment programs sponsored by our sponsor is not indicative of our future results and you should not rely on such past performance to predict our future results. Our business is different in a number of respects from the operations of prior programs and our portfolio is unlikely to mirror the portfolios of the prior programs, resulting in returns to our stockholders that vary from those generated by those prior programs. Therefore, the prior programs of our sponsor, which were generally conducted through privately held entities, were not subject to the up-front commissions, fees and expenses associated with the offerings, the limitations on leverage associated with a public program, or to many of the laws and regulations to which we will be subject. Further, Post Properties, Inc., a publicly held REIT founded by our sponsor, operated under substantially different investment guidelines and economic conditions than we will face in our business. As a result of all these and other factors, you should not assume that your investment will generate returns, if any, comparable to those experienced by investors in the prior programs sponsored by our sponsor or his affiliates.

We may suffer from delays in locating suitable investments, which could adversely affect the return on your investment.

Our ability to achieve our investment objectives and to make distributions to our stockholders is dependent upon our manager’s performance in the acquisition of, and arranging of financing for, investments, as well as our property manager’s performance in the selection of residents and the negotiation of leases. The

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current market for properties that meet our investment objectives is highly competitive, as is the leasing market for such properties. The more proceeds we raise in the underwritten offering and the private placement offering, the greater our challenge will be to invest all the net offering proceeds on attractive terms. Other than the pending investments described in this prospectus, you will not have the opportunity to evaluate the terms of transactions or other economic or financial data concerning our investments. You must rely entirely on the oversight of our board of directors, the management ability of our manager and the performance of our manager and property manager. We cannot be sure that our manager will be successful in obtaining suitable investments on financially attractive terms.

Additionally, as a public company, we are subject to the ongoing reporting requirements under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. Pursuant to the Exchange Act, we may be required to file with the SEC financial statements of properties we acquire and investments we make in real estate-related assets. To the extent any required financial statements are not available or cannot be obtained, we will not be able to acquire the investment. As a result, we may be unable to acquire certain properties or real estate-related assets that otherwise would be a suitable investment. We could suffer delays in our investment acquisitions due to these reporting requirements.

Furthermore, if we acquire properties prior to, during, or upon completion of construction, it will typically take several months following completion of construction to rent available space. Therefore, you could suffer delays in the receipt of distributions attributable to those particular properties.

Delays we encounter in the selection and acquisition of investments could adversely affect your returns. In addition, if we are unable to invest our offering proceeds in real properties and real estate-related assets in a timely manner, we will hold the proceeds of the offerings in an interest-bearing account, invest the proceeds in short-term, investment-grade investments, which generate lower returns than we anticipate with our target assets, or, ultimately, liquidate. In such an event, our ability to make distributions to our stockholders and the returns to our stockholders would be adversely affected.

We face competition from other apartment communities and housing alternatives for tenants, and we face competition from other acquirers of apartment communities for investment opportunities, both of which may limit our profitability and returns to you.

The residential apartment community industry is highly competitive. This competition could reduce occupancy levels and revenues at our apartment communities, which would adversely affect our operations. We face competition from many sources, including from other apartment communities both in the immediate vicinity and the geographic market where our apartment communities are and will be located. Overbuilding of apartment communities may occur. If so, this would increase the number of apartment units available and may decrease occupancy and unit rental rates.

Furthermore, apartment communities we acquire most likely compete, or will compete, with numerous housing alternatives in attracting tenants, including owner occupied single- and multi-family homes available to rent or purchase. Competitive housing in a particular area and the increasing affordability of owner occupied single- and multi-family homes available to rent or buy caused by declining mortgage interest rates and government programs to promote home ownership could adversely affect our ability to retain our tenants, lease apartment units and increase or maintain rental rates.

The competition for apartment communities may significantly increase the price we must pay for assets we seek to acquire, and our competitors may succeed in acquiring those properties or assets themselves. In addition, our potential acquisition targets may find our competitors to be more attractive because they may have greater resources, may be willing to pay more for the properties or may have a more compatible operating philosophy. In particular, larger apartment REITs may enjoy significant competitive advantages that result from, among other things, a lower cost of capital and enhanced operating efficiencies. In addition, the number of entities and the amount of funds competing for suitable investment properties may increase. This competition will result in increased demand for these assets and therefore increased prices paid for them. Because of an increased interest in single-property acquisitions among tax-motivated individual purchasers, we may pay higher prices if we purchase single properties in comparison with portfolio acquisitions. If we pay higher prices for our properties, our business, financial condition and results of operations and our ability to pay distributions to you may be materially and adversely affected.

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The cash distributions you receive may be less frequent or lower in amount than you expect.

Our board of directors will determine the amount and timing of distributions. In making this determination, our directors will consider all relevant factors, the amount of cash available for distribution, capital expenditure and reserve requirements and general operational requirements. We cannot assure you how long it may take to generate sufficient available cash flow to fund distributions nor can we assure you that sufficient cash will be available to make distributions to you. With no prior operations, we cannot predict the amount of distributions you may receive and we may be unable to pay, maintain or increase distributions over time. Our inability to acquire properties or real estate-related investments may have a negative effect on our ability to generate sufficient cash flow from operations to pay distributions.

Further, if the aggregate amount of our distributions in any given year exceeds our earnings and profits (as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes), the excess amount either will be (i) a return of capital, or (ii) gain from the sale or exchange of property to the extent that a stockholder’s tax basis in our common stock equals or is reduced to zero as the result of our current or prior year distributions, in each case for U.S. federal income tax purposes. For further information regarding the tax consequences if we make distributions other than from funds from operations, please see the section entitled “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Distributions paid from sources other than our cash flow from operations, particularly proceeds of the offerings, will result in us having fewer funds available for the acquisition of properties and other real estate-related investments, which may adversely affect our ability to fund future distributions with cash flow from operations and may adversely affect your overall return.

As mentioned above, we may pay distributions from sources other than from our cash flow from operations. Until we acquire properties or other real estate-related investments, we will not generate sufficient cash flow from operations to pay distributions. Our inability to acquire properties or other real estate-related investments may result in a lower return on your investment than you expect. If we have not generated sufficient cash flow from our operations and other sources, such as from borrowings, sale of additional securities, advances from our manager, our manager’s deferral, suspension and/or waiver of its fees and expense reimbursements, to fund distributions, we may use the proceeds from the offerings. Moreover, our board of directors may change this policy, in its sole discretion, at any time. Distributions made from offering proceeds are a return of capital to stockholders, from which we will have already paid offering and organization expenses in connection with the offering. We have not established any limit on the amount of proceeds from the offerings that may be used to fund distributions, except that, in accordance with our organizational documents and Maryland law, we may not make distributions that would: (1) cause us to be unable to pay our debts as they become due in the usual course of business; (2) cause our total assets to be less than the sum of our total liabilities plus senior liquidation preferences, if any; or (3) jeopardize our ability to qualify as a REIT.

If we fund distributions from the proceeds of the offerings, we will have less funds available for acquiring properties or real estate-related investments. As a result, the return you realize on your investment may be reduced. Funding distributions from borrowings could restrict the amount we can borrow for investments, which may affect our profitability. Funding distributions with the sale of assets or the proceeds of the offerings may affect our ability to generate cash flows. Funding distributions from the sale of additional securities could dilute your interest in us if we sell shares of our common stock or securities convertible or exercisable into shares of our common stock to third party investors. Payment of distributions from the mentioned sources could restrict our ability to generate sufficient cash flow from operations, affect our profitability and/or affect the distributions payable to you upon a liquidity event, any or all of which may have an adverse effect on your investment.

We do not have agreements or letters of intent in place for any financing sources and our ability to obtain financing on reasonable terms would be impacted by negative market conditions.

Currently, we do not have any agreements or letters of intent in place for any financing sources. Our strategy depends, in part, on our ability to obtain financing on reasonable terms. Recently, domestic and international financial markets have experienced unusual volatility and uncertainty. Liquidity has tightened in

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overall financial markets, including the investment grade debt and equity capital markets. The dislocation in the credit markets has had a negative effect on the ability of purchasers of real estate to obtain financing. Consequently, there is greater uncertainty regarding our ability to access the credit markets in order to attract financing on reasonable terms. Returns on our assets and our ability to make acquisitions could be adversely affected by our inability to secure financing on reasonable terms, if at all.

We established the offering price pursuant to negotiations among us and our underwriters; as a result, the actual value of your investment may be substantially less than what you pay.

The selling price of the shares of common stock has been determined pursuant to negotiations among us and the underwriters, based upon the following primary factors: the economic conditions in and future prospects for the industry in which we compete; our prospects for future earnings; an assessment of our management; the present state of our development, including the contracts to acquire Oxford Rise and Oxford Summit; the prevailing conditions of the equity securities markets at the time of the underwritten offering; and current market valuations of public companies considered comparable to our company. Because the offering price is not based upon any independent valuation, the offering price is not indicative of the proceeds that you would receive upon liquidation.

Your percentage of ownership may become diluted if we issue new shares of stock or other securities, and issuances of preferred stock or other securities by us may subordinate the rights of the holders of our common stock.

Our board of directors is authorized, without your approval, to cause us to issue additional shares of our common stock or to raise capital through the issuance of preferred stock (including equity or debt securities convertible into preferred stock), options, warrants and other rights, on terms and for consideration as our board of directors in its sole discretion may determine. Any such issuance could result in dilution of the equity of our stockholders. Our board of directors may, in its sole discretion, authorize us to issue common stock or other equity or debt securities (1) to persons from whom we purchase apartment communities, as part or all of the purchase price of the community, or (2) to our manager in lieu of cash payments required under the management agreement or other contract or obligation. Our board of directors, in its sole discretion, may determine the value of any common stock or other equity or debt securities issued in consideration of apartment communities or services provided, or to be provided, to us, except that while shares of our common stock are offered by us to the public, the public offering price of the shares of our common stock will be deemed their value.

Our charter also authorizes our board of directors, without stockholder approval, to designate and issue one or more classes or series of preferred stock (including equity or debt securities convertible into preferred stock) and to set or change the voting, conversion or other rights, preferences, restrictions, limitations as to dividends or other distributions and qualifications or terms or conditions of redemption of each class of shares so issued. If any preferred stock is publicly offered, the terms and conditions of such preferred stock (including any equity or debt securities convertible into preferred stock) will be set forth in a registration statement registering the issuance of such preferred stock or equity or debt securities convertible into preferred stock. Because our board of directors has the power to establish the preferences and rights of each class or series of preferred stock, it may afford the holders of any series or class of preferred stock preferences, powers, and rights senior to the rights of holders of common stock or other preferred stock. If we ever create and issue additional preferred stock or equity or debt securities convertible into preferred stock with a distribution preference over common stock or preferred stock, payment of any distribution preferences of new outstanding preferred stock would reduce the amount of funds available for the payment of distributions on the common stock and junior preferred stock. Further, holders of preferred stock are normally entitled to receive a preference payment if we liquidate, dissolve, or wind up before any payment is made to the common stockholders, likely reducing the amount common stockholders would otherwise receive upon such an occurrence. In addition, under certain circumstances, the issuance of additional preferred stock may delay, prevent, render more difficult or tend to discourage a merger, tender offer, or proxy contest, the assumption of control by a holder of a large block of our securities, or the removal of incumbent management.

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Stockholders have no rights to buy additional shares of stock or other securities if we issue new shares of stock or other securities. We may issue common stock, convertible debt or preferred stock pursuant to a subsequent public offering or a private placement, or to sellers of properties we directly or indirectly acquire instead of, or in addition to, cash consideration. Investors purchasing common stock in the underwritten offering who do not participate in any future stock issuances will experience dilution in the percentage of the issued and outstanding stock they own. In addition, depending on the terms and pricing of any additional offerings and the value of our investments, you also may experience dilution in the book value and fair market value of, and the amount of distributions paid on, your shares of our common stock.

The properties we acquire may not produce the cash flow required to meet our REIT minimum distribution requirements, and we may decide to borrow funds to satisfy such requirements, which could adversely affect our overall financial performance.

We may decide to borrow funds in order to meet the REIT minimum distribution requirements even if our management believes that the then prevailing market conditions generally are not favorable for such borrowings or that such borrowings would not be advisable in the absence of such tax considerations. If we borrow money to meet the REIT minimum distribution requirement or for other working capital needs, our expenses will increase, our net income will be reduced by the amount of interest we pay on the money we borrow and we will be obligated to repay the money we borrow from future earnings or by selling assets, any or all of which may decrease future distributions to stockholders.

To maintain our REIT status, we may be forced to forego otherwise attractive opportunities, which may delay or hinder our ability to meet our investment objectives and may reduce your overall return.

To qualify as a REIT, we must satisfy certain tests on an ongoing basis concerning, among other things, the sources of our income, nature of our assets and the amounts we distribute to our stockholders. We may be required to make distributions to stockholders at times when it would be more advantageous to reinvest cash in our business or when we do not have funds readily available for distribution. Compliance with the REIT requirements may hinder our ability to operate solely on the basis of maximizing profits and the value of your investment.

Risks Related to Our Organization, Structure and Management

The ownership by NELL Partners, Inc. of 36,666 shares of common stock and the ownership by Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC of 500,000 shares of common stock upon consummation of the private placement offering, as well as the potential ownership or control by Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC, Williams Realty Fund I, LLC or other affiliates of our sponsor of additional shares of our common stock, will limit the ability of holders of shares of common stock not affiliated with our sponsor to influence corporate matters.

Currently, NELL Partners, which is controlled by Messrs. Williams and Silverstein, is the owner of 36,666 shares of our common stock. Upon the consummation of the private placement offering, Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC, an affiliate of our sponsor, will own 500,000 shares of common stock. Pursuant to these holdings, our sponsor will have significant influence over management and affairs and over all matters requiring stockholder approval, including significant corporate transactions, such as a merger or other sale of our company or its assets, for the foreseeable future. In addition, Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC, Williams Realty Fund I, LLC and other affiliates of our sponsor may purchase shares in the underwritten offering. These entities collectively may own or control a significant portion of our common stock. This concentrated control limits the ability of the holders of shares of common stock to influence corporate matters and, as a result, we may take actions that the common stockholders not affiliated with us or our sponsor do not view as beneficial, including transactions with our manager or affiliates of our manager. Additionally, the market price of our common stock could be adversely affected because of the imbalance of control among the stockholders.

We are dependent upon our sponsor, our manager and their affiliates to conduct our operations, and therefore, any adverse changes in the financial health of our sponsor, our manager or their affiliates, or our relationship with any of them, could hinder our operating performance and the return on your investment.

We are an externally advised REIT, which means that our manager provides our management team and support personnel and administers our day-to-day business operations. We are dependent on our sponsor,

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John A. Williams, and on our manager and their affiliates to manage our operations and acquire and manage our portfolio of real estate assets. Our manager will make all decisions with respect to the management of our company. Our manager will depend upon the fees and other compensation that it will receive from us in connection with the purchase, management and sale of our investments to conduct its operations. Any adverse changes in the financial condition of, or our relationship with, our sponsor, our manager or their affiliates could hinder their ability to successfully manage our operations and our portfolio of investments.

In February 2010, iStar Tara, LLC filed a lawsuit seeking confirmation of foreclosure relating to the Mansion Hotel property in Atlanta, Georgia, where Mr. Williams, our sponsor, served as guarantor to a loan entered into by Mansion Centre Development related to the property. In addition, Mr. Williams is party to a related lawsuit on personal guarantees given by Mr. Williams for the benefit of Mansion Centre Development. The claims against Mr. Williams in these legal proceedings, if adversely determined against Mr. Williams, would have a material adverse effect on Mr. Williams' net worth. Mr. Williams has informed us of his belief that he has meritorious defenses against these claims and plans to pursue such defenses vigorously.

In June 2010, litigation was initiated by, among others, Mr. Williams and Leonard Silverstein, our Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary and a Director, for a judicial declaration that they have no liability under certain guarantees executed by them in favor of Synovus Bank (as successor-in-interest to Bank of North Georgia) in connection with certain real estate loans on the basis that all such liabilities were allegedly released by Synovus Bank pursuant to an agreement. Synovus Bank has asserted counterclaims against, among other counterclaim defendants, Messrs. Williams and Silverstein, including counterclaims alleging that Messrs. Williams and Silverstein remain liable to Synovus Bank pursuant to the guarantees at issue. The counterclaims against each of Messrs. Williams and Silverstein in these legal proceedings, if adversely determined against him, would have a material adverse effect on his net worth. Messrs. Williams and Silverstein have informed us of their respective beliefs that they have meritorious defenses against these counterclaims and plan to pursue such defenses vigorously.

In April 2010, RBC Bank (USA) filed a lawsuit against, among others, Mr. Williams alleging that he is liable to RBC Bank (USA) for breach of certain guaranties executed by Mr. Williams in favor of RBC Bank (USA) in connection with certain real estate loans. The claims against Mr. Williams in these legal proceedings, if adversely determined against Mr. Williams, would have a material adverse effect on Mr. Williams’ net worth. Mr. Williams has informed us of his belief that he has meritorious defenses against these claims and plans to pursue such defenses vigorously.

Our success is dependent on the performance of our manager.

Our manager has broad discretion over the use of proceeds from this offering, and you will have no opportunity to evaluate the terms of transactions or other economic or financial data concerning our investments that are not described in this prospectus or other periodic filings with the SEC. We will rely on the management ability of our manager, subject to the oversight and approval of our board of directors. Accordingly, you should not purchase shares of our common stock unless you are willing to entrust all aspects of our day-to-day management to our manager. If our manager suffers or is distracted by adverse financial or operational problems in connection with its operations or the operations of our sponsor unrelated to us, our manager may be unable to allocate time and/or resources to our operations. If our manager is unable to allocate sufficient resources to oversee and perform our operations for any reason, we may be unable to achieve our investment objectives or to pay distributions to you.

If our manager loses or is unable to retain or replace key personnel, our ability to implement our investment strategies could be hindered, which could adversely affect our ability to make distributions and the value of your investment.

Our success depends to a significant degree upon the contributions of certain of our executive officers and other key personnel of our manager. In particular, we depend on the skills and expertise of John A. Williams, the director of our investment strategies. Neither we nor our manager has an employment agreement with any of our or its key personnel, including Mr. Williams, and we cannot guarantee that all, or any, will remain affiliated with us or our manager. If any of our key personnel were to cease their affiliation with our

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manager, our operating results could suffer. Further, we do not intend to maintain key person life insurance that would provide us with proceeds in the event of death or disability of Mr. Williams or any of our key personnel.

We believe our future success depends upon our manager’s ability to hire and retain highly skilled managerial, operational and marketing personnel. Competition for such personnel is intense, and we cannot assure you that our manager will be successful in attracting and retaining such skilled personnel. If our manager loses or is unable to obtain the services of key personnel, our ability to implement our investment strategies could be delayed or hindered, and the value of your investment may decline.

Furthermore, our manager may retain independent contractors to provide various services for us, including administrative services, transfer agent services and professional services. Such contractors have no fiduciary duty to our manager or us and may not perform as expected or desired. Any such services provided by independent contractors will be paid for by us as an operating expense.

Payment of fees to our manager and its affiliates will reduce cash available for investment and payment of distributions.

Our manager and its affiliates will perform services for us in connection with, among other things, the offer and sale of our shares, the selection and acquisition of our investments, and the management and leasing of our properties, the servicing of our mortgage, bridge, mezzanine or other loans, the administration of our other investments and the disposition of our assets. They will be paid substantial fees for these services. These fees will reduce the amount of cash available for investment or distributions to stockholders. For a detailed discussion of these fees, see “Our Manager and Management Agreement — Management Compensation.”

If our sponsor, our manager or their affiliates waive certain fees due to them, our results of operations and distributions may be artificially high.

From time to time, our sponsor, our manager and/or their affiliates may agree to waive or defer all or a portion of the acquisition, asset management or other fees, compensation or incentives due to them, pay general administrative expenses or otherwise supplement stockholder returns in order to increase the amount of cash available to make distributions to stockholders. If our sponsor, our manager and/or their affiliates choose to no longer waive or defer such fees and incentives, our results of operations will be lower than in previous periods and your return on your investment could be negatively affected.

The Maryland General Corporation Law prohibits certain business combinations, which may make it more difficult for us to be acquired.

Under the Maryland General Corporation Law, “business combinations” between a Maryland corporation and an “interested stockholder” or an affiliate of an interested stockholder are prohibited for five years after the most recent date on which the interested stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. These business combinations include a merger, consolidation, share exchange or, in circumstances specified in the statute, an asset transfer or issuance or reclassification of equity securities. An interested stockholder is defined as: (i) any person who beneficially owns 10% or more of the voting power of the then outstanding voting stock of the corporation; or (ii) an affiliate or associate of the corporation who, at any time within the two-year period prior to the date in question, was the beneficial owner of 10% or more of the voting power of the then outstanding voting stock of the corporation.

A person is not an interested stockholder under the statute if the board of directors approved in advance the transaction by which the person otherwise would have become an interested stockholder. However, in approving a transaction, the board of directors may provide that its approval is subject to compliance, at or after the time of approval, with any terms and conditions determined by the board.

After the expiration of the five-year period described above, any business combination between the Maryland corporation and an interested stockholder must generally be recommended by the board of directors of the corporation and approved by the affirmative vote of at least:

80% of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of the then outstanding shares of voting stock of the corporation; and

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two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of voting stock of the corporation, other than shares held by the interested stockholder with whom or with whose affiliate the business combination is to be effected, or held by an affiliate or associate of the interested stockholder.

These super-majority vote requirements do not apply if the corporation’s common stockholders receive a minimum price, as defined under the Maryland General Corporation Law, for their shares in the form of cash or other consideration in the same form as previously paid by the interested stockholder for its shares. The Maryland General Corporation Law also permits various exemptions from these provisions, including business combinations that are exempted by the board of directors before the time that the interested stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. Pursuant to the statute, our board of directors has adopted a resolution exempting any business combination with Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC or any affiliate of Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC. Consequently, the five-year prohibition and the super-majority vote requirements will not apply to business combinations between us and Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC or any affiliate of Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC. As a result, Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC or any affiliate of Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC may be able to enter into business combinations with us that may not be in the best interest of our stockholders, without compliance with the super-majority vote requirements and the other provisions of the statute. The business combination statute may discourage others from trying to acquire control of us and increase the difficulty of consummating any offer. See the sections entitled “Description of Securities — Business Combinations” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Stockholders have limited control over changes in our policies and operations.

Our board of directors determines our major policies, including with regard to financing, growth, debt capitalization, REIT qualification and distributions. Our board of directors may amend or revise these and other policies without a vote of the stockholders. Under our charter and the Maryland General Corporation Law, our stockholders generally have a right to vote only on the following matters:

the election or removal of directors;
the amendment of our charter, except that our board of directors may amend our charter without stockholder approval to:
change our name;
change the name or other designation or the par value of any class or series of stock and the aggregate par value of our stock;
increase or decrease the aggregate number of shares of stock that we have the authority to issue;
increase or decrease the number of our shares of any class or series of stock that we have the authority to issue; and
effect certain reverse stock splits;
our liquidation and dissolution; and
our being a party to a merger, consolidation, sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of our assets or statutory share exchange.

All other matters are subject to the discretion of our board of directors.

Our authorized but unissued shares of common and preferred stock may prevent a change in our control.

Our charter authorizes us to issue additional authorized but unissued shares of common or preferred stock, without stockholder approval, up to 415,066,666 shares. In addition, our board of directors may, without stockholder approval, amend our charter from time to time to increase or decrease the aggregate number of shares of our stock or the number of shares of stock of any class or series that we have authority to issue and classify or reclassify any unissued shares of common or preferred stock and set the preferences, rights and other terms of the classified or reclassified shares. As a result, our board of directors may establish a class or series of shares of common or preferred stock that could delay or prevent a merger, third party

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tender offer or similar transaction or a change in incumbent management that might involve a premium price for shares of our common stock or otherwise be in the best interest of our stockholders.

Because of our holding company structure, we depend on our operating subsidiary and its subsidiaries for cash flow and we will be structurally subordinated in right of payment to the obligations of such operating subsidiary and its subsidiaries.

We are a holding company with no business operations of our own. Our only significant asset is and will be the general and limited partnership interests in our operating partnership. We conduct, and intend to conduct, all of our business operations through our operating partnership. Accordingly, our only source of cash to pay our obligations is distributions from our operating partnership and its subsidiaries of their net earnings and cash flows. We cannot assure you that our operating partnership or its subsidiaries will be able to, or be permitted to, make distributions to us that will enable us to make distributions to our stockholders from cash flows from operations. Each of our operating partnership’s subsidiaries is or will be a distinct legal entity and, under certain circumstances, legal and contractual restrictions may limit our ability to obtain cash from such entities. In addition, because we are a holding company, your claims as stockholders will be structurally subordinated to all existing and future liabilities and obligations of our operating partnership and its subsidiaries. Therefore, in the event of our bankruptcy, liquidation or reorganization, our assets and those of our operating partnership and its subsidiaries will be able to satisfy your claims as stockholders only after all of our and our operating partnership’s and its subsidiaries’ liabilities and obligations have been paid in full.

Our rights and the rights of our stockholders to recover on claims against our directors and officers are limited, which could reduce your and our recovery against them if they negligently cause us to incur losses.

The Maryland General Corporation Law provides that a director has no liability in such capacity if he performs his duties in good faith, in a manner he reasonably believes to be in our best interests and with the care that an ordinarily prudent person in a like position would use under similar circumstances. A director who performs his or her duties in accordance with the foregoing standards should not be liable to us or any other person for failure to discharge his or her obligations as a director.

In addition, our charter provides that our directors and officers will not be liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages unless the director or officer actually received an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services, or is adjudged to be liable to us or our stockholders based on a finding that his or her action, or failure to act, was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty and was material to the cause of action adjudicated in the proceeding. Our charter also requires us, to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law, to indemnify and, without requiring a preliminary determination of the ultimate entitlement to indemnification, pay or reimburse reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding to any individual who is a present or former director or officer and who is made or threatened to be made a party to the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity or any individual who, while a director or officer and at our request, serves or has served as a director, officer, partner, trustee, member or manager of another corporation, real estate investment trust, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise and who is made or threatened to be made a party to the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity. With the approval of our board of directors, we may provide such indemnification and advance for expenses to any individual who served a predecessor of the Company in any of the capacities described above and any employee or agent of the Company or a predecessor of the Company, including our manager and its affiliates. For details regarding the circumstances under which we are required or authorized to indemnify and to advance expenses to our directors, officers or our manager, see the section entitled “Our Management — Limitation of Liability and Indemnification” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

We also are permitted to purchase and maintain insurance or provide similar protection on behalf of any directors, officers, employees and agents, including our manager and its affiliates, against any liability asserted which was incurred in any such capacity with us or arising out of such status. This may result in us having to expend significant funds, which will reduce the available cash for distribution to our stockholders.

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If we internalize our management functions, the holders of our previously outstanding common stock could be diluted, and we could incur other significant costs associated with internalizing and being self-managed.

In the future, our board of directors may consider internalizing the functions performed for us by our manager by acquiring our manager’s assets. The method by which we could internalize these functions could take many forms. There is no assurance that internalizing our management functions will be beneficial to us and our stockholders. Such an acquisition could also result in dilution of your interests as a stockholder and could reduce earnings per share and funds from operation per share. For example, we may not realize the perceived benefits or we may not be able to properly integrate a new staff of managers and employees or we may not be able to effectively replicate the services provided previously by our manager or its affiliates. Internalization transactions involving the acquisition of managers affiliated with entity sponsors have also, in some cases, been the subject of litigation. Even if these claims are without merit, we could be forced to spend significant amounts of time and money defending claims which would reduce the amount of time and funds available for us to invest in properties or other investments and to pay distributions. All these factors could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and ability to pay distributions.

Your investment return may be reduced if we are required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act.

We are not registered, and do not intend to register ourselves or any of our subsidiaries, as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. If we become obligated to register the company or any of our subsidiaries as an investment company, the registered entity would have to comply with a variety of substantive requirements under the Investment Company Act imposing, among other things, limitations on capital structure, restrictions on specified investments, prohibitions on transactions with affiliates and compliance with reporting, record keeping, voting, proxy disclosure and other rules and regulations that would significantly change our operations.

We intend to conduct our operations, directly and through wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries, so that we and each of our subsidiaries are exempt from registration as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. Under Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act, a company is not deemed to be an “investment company” if it neither is, nor holds itself out as being, engaged primarily, nor proposes to engage primarily, in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities. Under Section 3(a)(1)(C) of the Investment Company Act, a company is not deemed to be an “investment company” if it neither is engaged, nor proposes to engage, in the business of investing, reinvesting, owning, holding or trading in securities and does not own or propose to acquire “investment securities” having a value exceeding 40% of the value of its total assets (exclusive of government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis.

We believe that we and most, if not all, of our wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries will not be considered investment companies under either Section 3(a)(1)(A) or Section 3(a)(1)(C) of the Investment Company Act. If we or any of our wholly-owned or majority-owned subsidiaries would ever inadvertently fall within one of the definitions of “investment company,” we intend to rely on the exception provided by Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act. Under Section 3(c)(5)(C), the SEC staff generally requires a company to maintain at least 55% of its assets directly in qualifying assets and at least 80% of qualifying assets in a broader category of real estate related assets to qualify for this exception. Mortgage-related securities may or may not constitute qualifying assets, depending on the characteristics of the mortgage-related securities, including the rights that we have with respect to the underlying loans. The company’s ownership of mortgage-related securities, therefore, is limited by provisions of the Investment Company Act and SEC staff interpretations. See the section entitled “Business — Our Investment Strategy” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

The method we use to classify our assets for purposes of the Investment Company Act will be based in large measure upon no-action positions taken by the SEC staff in the past. These no-action positions were issued in accordance with factual situations that may be substantially different from the factual situations we may face, and a number of these no-action positions were issued more than ten years ago. No assurance can be given that the SEC staff will concur with our classification of our assets. In addition, the SEC staff may, in the future, issue further guidance that may require us to re-classify our assets for purposes of qualifying for an

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exclusion from regulation under the Investment Company Act. If we are required to re-classify our assets, we may no longer be in compliance with the exclusion from the definition of an “investment company” provided by Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act.

A change in the value of any of our assets could cause us or one or more of our wholly-owned or majority-owned subsidiaries to fall within the definition of “investment company” and negatively affect our ability to maintain our exemption from regulation under the Investment Company Act. To avoid being required to register us or any of our subsidiaries as an investment company under the Investment Company Act, we may be unable to sell assets we would otherwise want to sell and may need to sell assets we would otherwise wish to retain. In addition, we may have to acquire additional income- or loss-generating assets that we might not otherwise have acquired or may have to forgo opportunities to acquire interests in companies that we would otherwise want to acquire and would be important to our investment strategy.

As part of our manager’s obligations under the management agreement, our manager will agree to refrain from taking any action which, in its sole judgment made in good faith, would subject us to regulation under the Investment Company Act. Failure to maintain an exclusion from registration under the Investment Company Act would require us to significantly restructure our business plan. For example, because affiliate transactions are generally prohibited under the Investment Company Act, we would not be able to enter into transactions with any of our affiliates if we are required to register as an investment company, and we may be required to terminate our management agreement and any other agreements with affiliates, which could have a material adverse effect on our ability to operate our business and pay distributions. If we were required to register us as an investment company but failed to do so, we would be prohibited from engaging in our business, and criminal and civil actions could be brought against us. In addition, our contracts would be unenforceable unless a court required enforcement, and a court could appoint a receiver to take control of us and liquidate our business.

Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest

Our manager, our executive officers and their affiliates may face competing demands relating to their time, and if inadequate time is devoted to our business, your investment may be negatively impacted.

We rely on our executive officers and the executive officers and employees of our manager and its affiliates for the day-to-day operation of our business. These persons also conduct or may conduct in the future day-to-day operations of other programs and entities sponsored by or affiliated with our manager or sponsor. Because these persons have or may have such interests in other real estate programs and engage in other business activities, they may experience conflicts of interest in allocating their time and resources among our business and these other activities. The amount of time that our manager and its affiliates spend on our business will vary from time to time and is expected to be more while we are raising money and acquiring investments. During times of intense activity in other programs and ventures, they may devote less time and fewer resources to our business than are necessary or appropriate to manage our business. We expect that as our real estate activities expand, our manager will attempt to hire additional employees who would devote substantially all their time to our business. There is no assurance that our manager will devote adequate time to our business. If our manager, our sponsor or any of their respective affiliates suffers or is distracted by adverse financial or operational problems in connection with its operations unrelated to us, it may allocate less time and resources to our operations. If any of the foregoing events occur, the returns on our investments, our ability to make distributions to stockholders and the value of your investment may suffer.

Our manager, our executive officers and their affiliates may face conflicts of interest, and these conflicts may not be resolved in our favor, which could negatively impact your investment.

Our executive officers and the employees of our manager, our sponsor and their respective affiliates on which we rely could make substantial profits as a result of investment opportunities allocated to entities other than us. As a result, these individuals could pursue transactions that may not be in our best interest, which could have a material adverse effect on our operations and your investment. Our manager and its affiliates may, in the future, be engaged in other activities that could result in potential conflicts of interest with the services that they will provide to us. In addition, our sponsor or his affiliates may compete with us for the acquisition and/or refinancing of properties.

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Our manager and its affiliates will receive substantial fees from us, which could result in our manager and its affiliates taking actions that are not necessarily in the best interest of our stockholders.

Our manager and its affiliates will receive substantial fees from us, including distributions with respect to our manager’s special limited partnership interest in the operating partnership, which entitles our manager to receive a participation in net sales proceeds. See the section entitled “Our Manager and Management Agreement — Management Compensation — Special Limited Partnership Interest” included elsewhere in this prospectus for information relating to the calculation of distributions with respect to the special limited partnership interest and conditions under which it may be paid. Further, our manager will receive an asset management fee based on the total value of our assets, and its affiliates will receive fees based on our revenues, which, in each case, could incent our manager to use higher levels of leverage to finance investments or accumulate assets to increase fees than would otherwise be in our best interests. These fees could influence our manager’s advice to us, as well as the judgment of the affiliates of our manager who serve as our officers and directors. Among other matters, the acquisition or disposition fees and other possible fees payable to affiliates of our manager in connection with its services for the seller or buyer, could affect the judgment of our manager or its affiliates with respect to property acquisitions from, or the making of investments in, other programs sponsored by our sponsor. Therefore, considerations relating to their compensation from other programs could result in decisions that are not in the best interests of our stockholders, which could hurt our income and, as a result, our ability to make distributions to you and/or lead to a decline in the value of your investment.

Property and asset management services are being provided by our manager or its affiliates, which may impact our sale of properties and, as a result, affect your investment.

Our manager is controlled by our sponsor, and is thus subject to an inherent conflict of interest. Specifically, because the manager or its affiliates will receive significant fees for property and asset management of our properties, our manager may face a conflict of interest when determining whether we should sell properties, including under circumstances where the manager or its affiliates would no longer manage the property after the transaction. As a result of this conflict of interest, we may not dispose of properties when it would be in our best interests to do so.

If we acquire properties from affiliates of our manager, the price may be higher than we would pay if the transaction were the result of arm’s-length negotiations.

The prices we pay to affiliates of our manager for our properties will be equal to the prices paid by them, plus the costs incurred by them relating to the acquisition and financing of the properties, or if the price to us is in excess of such cost, substantial justification for such excess will exist and such excess will be reasonable and consistent with current market conditions as determined by a majority of our independent directors. Substantial justification for a higher price could result from improvements to a property by the affiliate of our manager or increases in market value of the property during the period of time the property is owned by the affiliate as evidenced by an appraisal of the property. In no event will we acquire property from an affiliate at an amount in excess of its then current appraised value as determined by averaging the appraisals of two independent appraisers selected by our independent directors not otherwise interested in the transaction. An appraisal is “current” if obtained within six months. These prices will not be the subject of arm’s-length negotiations, which could mean that the acquisitions may be on terms less favorable to us than those negotiated in an arm’s-length transaction. Even though we will use independent third party appraisals to determine fair market value when acquiring properties from our manager and its affiliates, we may pay more for particular properties than we would have in an arm’s-length transaction, which would reduce our cash available for other investments or distribution to our stockholders.

We may purchase real properties from persons with whom affiliates of our manager have prior business relationships, which may impact the purchase terms, and as a result, affect your investment.

If we purchase properties from third parties who have sold, or may sell, properties to our manager or its affiliates, our manager may experience a conflict between our current interests and its interest in preserving any ongoing business relationship with these sellers. As a result of this conflict, the terms of any transaction

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between us and such third parties may not reflect the terms that we could receive in the market on an arm’s-length basis. If the terms we receive in a transaction are less favorable to us, our results from operations may be adversely affected.

The absence of arm’s-length bargaining may mean that our agreements may not be as favorable to you as they otherwise could have been.

Any existing or future agreements between us and our sponsor, our manager or any of their respective affiliates were not and will not be reached through arm’s-length negotiations. Thus, such agreements may require us to pay more than we would if we were using unaffiliated third parties. The management agreement, the operating partnership agreement and the terms of the compensation to our manager and its affiliates or distributions to our manager were not arrived at through arm’s-length negotiations. The terms of the management agreement, the operating partnership agreement and similar agreements may not solely reflect your best interest and may be overly favorable to the other party to such agreements including in terms of the substantial compensation to be paid to or the potential substantial distributions to these parties under these agreements.

Our manager and its affiliates receive fees and other compensation based upon our investments, which may impact operating decisions, and as a result, affect your investment.

John A. Williams controls our manager. In addition, Mr. Williams is our President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors and the President and Chief Executive Officer of our manager. As a result, Mr. Williams has a direct interest in all fees paid to our manager and is in a position to make decisions about our investments in ways that could maximize fees payable to our manager and its affiliates. Some compensation is payable to our manager whether or not there is cash available to make distributions to our stockholders. To the extent this occurs, our manager and its affiliates benefit from us retaining ownership and leveraging our assets, while our stockholders may be better served by the sale or disposition of, or lack of leverage on, the assets. For example, because asset management fees payable to our manager are based on total assets under management, including assets purchased using debt, our manager may have an incentive to incur a high level of leverage in order to increase the total amount of assets under management. In addition, our manager’s ability to receive fees and reimbursements depends on our revenues from continued investment in real properties and real estate-related investments. Therefore, the interest of our manager and its affiliates in receiving fees may conflict with the interest of our stockholders in earning a return on their investment in our common stock.

We may compete with other entities affiliated with our sponsor for investments and tenants.

Our sponsor or his affiliates have sponsored existing programs with investment objectives and strategies similar to ours, and may sponsor other similar programs in the future. Our sponsor and his affiliates are not prohibited from engaging, directly or indirectly, in any other business or from possessing interests in any other business ventures, including ventures involved in the acquisition, development, ownership, management, leasing or sale of real estate. Our sponsor and/or one or more of his affiliates may simultaneously owe fiduciary duties to us and one or more of these business ventures. If our sponsor or his affiliates breach their fiduciary or contractual obligations to us, or do not resolve conflicts of interest, we may not meet our investment objectives, which could reduce our expected cash available for distributions to you.

Our sponsor and/or his affiliates may own and/or manage properties in the same geographical areas in which we expect to acquire real estate assets or may compete with us for acquisitions of these assets. Our properties may compete for tenants with other properties owned and/or managed by our sponsor and his affiliates. Our sponsor may face conflicts of interest when evaluating acquisitions as well as tenant opportunities for our properties and other properties owned and/or managed by our sponsor and his affiliates, and these conflicts of interest may have a negative impact on our ability to acquire suitable investments and attract and retain tenants for our properties.

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If we invest in joint ventures, the objectives of our partners may conflict with our objectives.

In accordance with our acquisition strategies, we may make investments in joint ventures or other partnership arrangements between us and affiliates of our sponsor or with unaffiliated third parties. We also may purchase properties in partnerships, co-tenancies or other co-ownership arrangements. Such investments may involve risks not otherwise present when acquiring real estate directly, including, for example:

joint venturers may share certain approval rights over major decisions;
a co-venturer, co-owner or partner may at any time have economic or business interests or goals which are or which become inconsistent with our business interests or goals, including inconsistent goals relating to the sale of properties held in the joint venture or the timing of termination or liquidation of the joint venture;
the possibility that our co-venturer, co-owner or partner in an investment might become insolvent or bankrupt;
the possibility that we may incur liabilities as a result of an action taken by our co-venturer, co-owner or partner;
that such co-venturer, co-owner or partner may be in a position to take action contrary to our instructions or requests or contrary to our policies or objectives, including our policy with respect to qualifying and maintaining our qualification as a REIT;
disputes between us and our joint venturers may result in litigation or arbitration that would increase our expenses and prevent our officers and directors from focusing their time and effort on our business and result in subjecting the properties owned by the applicable joint venture to additional risk; or
that under certain joint venture arrangements, neither venture partner may have the power to control the venture, and an impasse could be reached which might have a negative influence on the joint venture.

These events could result in, among other things, exposing us to liabilities of the joint venture in excess of our proportionate share of these liabilities. The partition rights of each owner in a jointly owned property could reduce the value of each portion of the divided property. Moreover, there is an additional risk neither co-venturer will have the power to control the venture, and under certain circumstances, an impasse could be reached regarding matters pertaining to the co-ownership arrangement, which might have a negative influence on the joint venture and decrease potential returns to you. In addition, the fiduciary obligation that our sponsor or our board of directors may owe to our partner in an affiliated transaction may make it more difficult for us to enforce our rights.

If we have a right of first refusal or buy/sell right to buy out a co-venturer, co-owner or partner, we may be unable to finance such a buy-out if it becomes exercisable or we may be required to purchase such interest at a time when it would not otherwise be in our best interest to do so. If our interest is subject to a buy/sell right, we may not have sufficient cash, available borrowing capacity or other capital resources to allow us to elect to purchase an interest of a co-venturer subject to the buy/sell right, in which case we may be forced to sell our interest as the result of the exercise of such right when we would otherwise prefer to keep our interest. Finally, we may not be able to sell our interest in a joint venture if we desire to exit the venture.

General Risks Related to Investments in Real Estate

Economic conditions may adversely affect the multifamily real estate market and our income.

A multifamily property’s income and value may be adversely affected by international, national and regional economic conditions. Currently, the U.S. and international markets are experiencing increased levels of volatility due to a combination of many factors, including decreasing values of home prices and commercial real estate, limited access to credit markets, increased energy costs, increased unemployment rates, and recovery from the recent national and global recession. If such conditions persist, the multifamily real estate industry may experience a significant decline in business caused by a reduction in overall renters. The

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current weak economy and increase in unemployment rates also may have an adverse affect on our operations if the tenants occupying the multifamily properties we acquire cease making rent payments to us.

In addition, local real estate conditions such as an oversupply of properties or a reduction in demand for properties, availability of “for sale” properties, competition from other similar properties, our ability to provide adequate maintenance, insurance and management services, increased operating costs (including real estate taxes), the attractiveness and location of the property and changes in market rental rates, may adversely affect a property’s income and value. The continued rise in energy costs could result in higher operating costs, which may adversely affect our results from operations. In addition, local conditions in the markets in which we own or intend to own properties may significantly affect occupancy or rental rates at such properties. The risks that may adversely affect conditions in those markets include: layoffs, business closings, relocations of significant local employers and other events negatively impacting local employment rates and the local economy; an oversupply of, or a lack of demand for, apartments; a decline in household formation; the inability or unwillingness of residents to pay rent increases; and rent control, rent stabilization and other housing laws, which could prevent us from raising rents.

We cannot predict when the multifamily real estate market will recover. Therefore, to the extent that there are adverse economic conditions in the multifamily market, such conditions could result in a reduction of our income and cash available for distributions and thus affect the amount of distributions we can make to you.

Our investments in real estate-related investments will be subject to the risks typically associated with real estate, which may have a material affect on your investment.

Our loans held for investment generally will be directly or indirectly secured by a lien on real property, or the equity interests in an entity that owns real property, that, upon the occurrence of a default on the loan, could result in our acquiring ownership of the property. We will not know whether the values of the properties ultimately securing our loans will remain at the levels existing on the dates of origination of those loans. If the values of the underlying properties decline, our risk will increase because of the lower value of the security associated with such loans. In this manner, real estate values could impact the values of our loan investments. Any investments in mortgage-related securities, collateralized debt obligations and other real estate-related investments (including potential investments in real property) may be similarly affected by real estate property values. Therefore, our investments will be subject to the risks typically associated with real estate.

The value of real estate may be adversely affected by a number of risks, including:

natural disasters, such as hurricanes, earthquakes and floods;
acts of war or terrorism, including the consequences of terrorist attacks, such as those that occurred on September 11, 2001;
adverse changes in national and local economic and real estate conditions;
an oversupply of (or a reduction in demand for) space in the areas where particular properties are located and the attractiveness of particular properties to prospective tenants;
changes in governmental laws and regulations, fiscal policies and zoning ordinances and the related costs of compliance therewith and the potential for liability under applicable laws;
costs of remediation and liabilities associated with environmental conditions affecting properties; and
the potential for uninsured or underinsured property losses.

The value of each property is affected significantly by its ability to generate cash flow and net income, which in turn depends on the amount of rental or other income that can be generated net of expenses required to be incurred with respect to the property. Many expenditures associated with properties (such as operating expenses and capital expenditures) cannot be reduced when there is a reduction in income from the properties. These factors may have a material adverse effect on the ability of the borrowers to pay their loans, as well as on the value that we can realize from assets we own or acquire.

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Natural disasters could significantly reduce the value of our properties and your investment.

Natural disasters, including hurricanes, tornadoes, earthquakes, wildfires and floods, could significantly reduce the value of our properties. While we will attempt to obtain adequate insurance coverage for natural disasters, insurance may be too expensive or may not properly compensate us for the long-term loss in value that a property may suffer if the area around it suffers a significant natural disaster. As a result, we may not be compensated for the loss in value. Any diminution in the value of our properties or properties underlying an investment that is not fully reimbursed will reduce our profitability and adversely affect the value of your investment.

Terrorist attacks and other acts of violence or war may affect the real estate industry generally and our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We cannot predict the severity of the effect that potential future terrorist attacks would have on us. We may suffer losses as a result of the adverse impact of any future attacks and these losses may adversely impact our performance and the value of our real estate. The events of September 11, 2001 created significant uncertainty regarding the ability of real estate owners to obtain insurance coverage protecting against terrorist attacks at commercially reasonable rates. We may not be able to obtain insurance against the risk of terrorism because it may not be available or may not be available on terms that are economically feasible. The terrorism insurance that we obtain may not be sufficient to cover loss for damages to our properties as a result of terrorist attacks. The inability to obtain sufficient terrorism insurance or any terrorism insurance at all could limit our investment options as some mortgage lenders insist that specific coverage against terrorism be purchased by commercial owners as a condition of providing loans. We intend to obtain terrorism insurance if required by our lenders, but the terrorism insurance that we obtain may not be sufficient to cover loss for damages to our properties as a result of terrorist attacks. In addition, where insurance against the risk of terrorism is not available or is not available on terms that are economically feasible, we may be required to provide other financial support, either through financial assurances or self-insurance, to cover potential losses. We cannot assure you that we will have adequate coverage for such losses.

Compliance with the governmental laws, regulations and covenants that are applicable to our properties, including permit, license and zoning requirements, may adversely affect our ability to make future acquisitions or renovations, result in significant costs or delays and adversely affect our growth strategy.

Our properties are subject to various covenants and local laws and regulatory requirements, including permitting and licensing requirements. Local regulations, including municipal or local ordinances, zoning restrictions and restrictive covenants imposed by community developers, may restrict our use of our properties and may require us to obtain approval from local officials or community standards organizations at any time with respect to our properties, including prior to acquiring a property or when undertaking renovations of any of our existing properties. Among other things, these restrictions may relate to fire and safety, seismic, asbestos-cleanup or hazardous material abatement requirements. We cannot assure you that existing regulatory policies will not adversely affect us or the timing or cost of any future acquisitions or renovations, or that additional regulations will not be adopted that would increase such delays or result in additional costs. Our growth strategy may be materially and adversely affected by our ability to obtain permits, licenses and zoning approvals. Our failure to obtain such permits, licenses and zoning approvals could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our costs associated with and the risk of failing to comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act may affect cash available for distributions.

Our properties are generally expected to be subject to the Disabilities Act. Under the Disabilities Act, all places of public accommodation are required to comply with federal requirements related to access and use by disabled persons. The Disabilities Act has separate compliance requirements for “public accommodations” and “commercial facilities” that generally require that buildings and services be made accessible and available to people with disabilities. The Disabilities Act’s requirements could require removal of access barriers and could result in the imposition of injunctive relief, monetary penalties or, in some cases, an award of damages. We will attempt to acquire properties that comply with the Disabilities Act or place the burden on the seller or a third party to ensure compliance with such laws. However, we cannot assure you that we will be able to

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acquire properties or allocate responsibilities in this manner. If we cannot, our funds used for compliance with these laws may affect cash available for distributions and the amount of distributions to you.

The multifamily communities we acquire must comply with Title III of the Disabilities Act, to the extent that such properties are “public accommodations” and/or “commercial facilities”, as defined by the Disabilities Act. Compliance with the Disabilities Act could require removal of structural barriers to handicapped access in certain public areas of our multifamily communities where such removal is readily achievable. The Disabilities Act does not, however, consider residential properties, such as multifamily communities to be public accommodations or commercial facilities, except to the extent portions of such facilities, such as the leasing office, are open to the public.

We must comply with the Fair Housing Amendments Act of 1988, or the FHAA, and failure to comply may affect cash available for distributions.

We must comply with the FHAA, which requires that apartment communities first occupied after March 13, 1991 be accessible to handicapped residents and visitors. Compliance with the FHAA could require removal of structural barriers to handicapped access in a community, including the interiors of apartment units covered under the FHAA. Recently there has been heightened scrutiny of multifamily housing communities for compliance with the requirements of the FHAA and Disabilities Act and an increasing number of substantial enforcement actions and private lawsuits have been brought against apartment communities to ensure compliance with these requirements. Noncompliance with the FHAA could result in the imposition of fines, awards of damages to private litigants, payment of attorneys’ fees and other costs to plaintiffs, substantial litigation costs and substantial costs of remediation.

Rising expenses could reduce cash flow and funds available for future acquisitions, which may have a material affect on your investment.

Our properties will be subject to increases in tax rates, utility costs, operating expenses, insurance costs, repairs and maintenance, administrative and other expenses. Some of the leases on our properties may require the tenants to pay all or a portion of utility costs; however, most of these costs will be borne by us. Such increased expenses could adversely affect funds available for future acquisitions or cash available for distributions.

Failure to generate sufficient cash flows from operations may reduce distributions to stockholders.

We intend to rely primarily on our cash flow from operations to make distributions to our stockholders. The cash flow from equity investments in our multifamily properties depends on the amount of revenue generated and expenses incurred in operating our properties. The revenue generated and expenses incurred in operating our properties depends on many factors, some of which are beyond our control. For instance, rents from our properties may not increase as expected or the real estate-related investments we purchase may not generate the anticipated returns. If our investments do not generate revenue sufficient to meet our operating expenses, debt service and capital expenditures, our cash flows and ability to make distributions to you will be adversely affected.

If we purchase assets at a time when the multifamily real estate market is experiencing substantial influxes of capital investment and competition for properties, the real estate we purchase may not appreciate or may decrease in value.

The multifamily real estate market may experience substantial influxes of capital from investors. This substantial flow of capital, combined with significant competition for real estate, may result in inflated purchase prices for such assets and compression of capitalization rates. To the extent we purchase real estate in such an environment, we are subject to the risk that, if the real estate market subsequently ceases to attract the same level of capital investment, or if the number of companies seeking to acquire such assets decreases, our returns will be lower and the value of our assets may not appreciate or may decrease significantly below the amount we paid for such assets.

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We may be unable to sell a property if or when we decide to do so, which could adversely impact our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.

In connection with the acquisition of a property, we may agree on restrictions that prohibit the sale of that property for a period of time or impose other restrictions, such as a limitation on the amount of debt that can be placed or repaid on that property. Even absent such restrictions, the real estate market is affected by many factors that are beyond our control, including general economic conditions, availability of financing, interest rates and supply and demand. We cannot predict whether we will be able to sell any property for the price or on the terms set by us, or whether any price or other terms offered by a prospective purchaser would be acceptable to us. We cannot predict the length of time needed to find a willing purchaser and to close the sale of a property or real estate-related asset. If we are unable to sell a property or real estate-related asset when we determine to do so, it could have a significant adverse effect on our cash flow and results of operations. As a result, we may not have funds to make distributions to our stockholders.

We may have difficulty selling real estate investments, and our ability to distribute all or a portion of the net proceeds from such sale to our stockholders may be limited.

Real estate investments are relatively illiquid, and as a result, we will have a limited ability to vary our portfolio in response to changes in economic or other conditions. We also will have a limited ability to sell assets in order to fund working capital and similar capital needs. When we sell any of our properties, we may not realize a gain on such sale. We may elect not to distribute any proceeds from the sale of properties to our stockholders; for example, we may use such proceeds to:

purchase additional properties;
repay debt, if any;
buy out interests of any co-venturers or other partners in any joint venture in which we are a party;
create working capital reserves; or
make repairs, maintenance, tenant improvements or other capital improvements or expenditures to our remaining properties.

We may not make a profit if we sell a property, which could adversely impact our ability to make cash distributions to our stockholders.

The prices that we can obtain when we determine to sell a property will depend on many factors that are presently unknown, including the operating history, tax treatment of real estate investments, demographic trends in the area and available financing. There is a risk that we will not realize any significant appreciation on our investment in a property. Accordingly, your ability to recover all or any portion of your investment under such circumstances will depend on the amount of funds so realized and claims to be satisfied therefrom.

Our ability to sell our properties also may be limited by our need to avoid a 100% penalty tax that is imposed on gain recognized by a REIT from the sale of property characterized as dealer property. In order to ensure that we avoid such characterization we may be required to hold our properties for a minimum period of time and comply with certain other requirements in the Code, or possibly hold some properties through TRSs that must pay full corporate-level income taxes.

We may incur liabilities in connection with properties we acquire.

Our anticipated acquisition activities are subject to many risks. We may acquire properties that are subject to liabilities or that have problems relating to environmental condition, state of title, physical condition or compliance with zoning laws, building codes, or other legal requirements. In each case, our acquisition may be without any, or with only limited, recourse with respect to unknown liabilities or conditions. As a result, if any liability were asserted against us relating to those properties or entities, or if any adverse condition existed with respect to the properties or entities, we might have to pay substantial sums to settle or cure it, which could adversely affect our cash flow and operating results. However, some of these liabilities may be covered by insurance. In addition, we intend to perform customary due diligence regarding each property or entity we acquire. We also will attempt to obtain appropriate representations and undertakings from the sellers of the

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properties or entities we acquire, although it is possible that the sellers may not have the resources to satisfy their indemnification obligations if a liability arises. Unknown liabilities to third parties with respect to properties or entities acquired might include, without limitation:

liabilities for clean-up of undisclosed environmental contamination;
claims by tenants or other persons dealing with the former owners of the properties;
liabilities incurred in the ordinary course of business; and
claims for indemnification by general partners, directors, officers and others indemnified by the former owners of the properties.

Such liabilities could cause losses that adversely affect our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.

The costs of compliance with environmental laws and other governmental laws and regulations may adversely affect our income and the cash available for any distributions.

All real property and the operations conducted on real property are subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to environmental protection and human health and safety. Examples of Federal laws include: National Environmental Policy Act, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, the Solid Waste Disposal Act as amended by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, the Federal Clean Air Act, the Toxic Substances Control Act, the Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know Act and the Hazard Communication Act. These laws and regulations generally govern wastewater discharges, air emissions, the operation and removal of underground and above-ground storage tanks, the use, storage, treatment, transportation and disposal of solid and hazardous materials, and the remediation of contamination associated with disposals. Some of these laws and regulations may impose joint and several liability on residents, owners or operators for the costs of investigation or remediation of contaminated properties, regardless of fault or the legality of the original disposal. In addition, the presence of these substances, or the failure to properly remediate these substances, may adversely affect our ability to sell or rent the property or to use the property as collateral for future borrowing.

There also may be potential liability associated with lead-based paint arising from lawsuits alleging personal injury and related claims. The existence of lead paint is especially a concern in residential units. A structure built prior to 1978 may contain lead-based paint and may present a potential for exposure to lead, however, structures built after 1978 are not likely to contain lead-based paint.

Properties’ values also may be affected by their proximity to electric transmission lines. Electric transmission lines are one of many sources of electro-magnetic fields, or EMFs, to which people may be exposed. Research completed regarding potential health concerns associated with exposure to EMFs has produced inconclusive results. Notwithstanding the lack of conclusive scientific evidence, some states now regulate the strength of electric and magnetic fields emanating from electric transmission lines, and other states have required transmission facilities to measure for levels of EMFs. On occasion, lawsuits have been filed (primarily against electric utilities) that allege personal injuries from exposure to transmission lines and EMFs, as well as from fear of adverse health effects due to such exposure. This fear of adverse health effects from transmission lines has been considered both when property values have been determined to obtain financing and in condemnation proceedings. We may not, in certain circumstances, search for electric transmission lines near our properties, but are aware of the potential exposure to damage claims by persons exposed to EMFs.

Recently, indoor air quality issues, including mold, have been highlighted in the media and the industry is seeing mold claims from lessees rising. Due to such recent increase in mold claims and given that the law relating to mold is unsettled and subject to change, we could incur losses from claims relating to the presence of, or exposure to, mold or other microbial organisms, particularly if we are unable to maintain adequate insurance to cover such losses. We also may incur unexpected expenses relating to the abatement of mold on properties that we may acquire.

Limited quantities of asbestos-containing materials are present in various building materials such as floor coverings, ceiling texture material, acoustical tiles and decorative treatment. Environmental laws govern the

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presence, maintenance and removal of asbestos. These laws could be used to impose liability for release of, and exposure to, hazardous substances, including asbestos-containing materials, into the air. Such laws require that owners or operators of buildings containing asbestos (i) properly manage and maintain the asbestos, (ii) notify and train those who may come into contact with asbestos, and (iii) undertake special precautions, including removal or other abatement, if asbestos would be disturbed during renovation or demolition of a building. These laws may allow third parties to seek recovery from owners or operators of real properties for personal injury associated with exposure to asbestos fibers. As the owner of our properties, we may be liable for any such costs.

Compliance with new or more stringent laws or regulations or stricter interpretation of existing laws may require material expenditures by us. We cannot assure you that future laws, ordinances or regulations will not impose any material environmental liability, or that the current environmental condition of our properties will not be affected by the operations of residents, existing conditions of the land, operations in the vicinity of the properties, or the activities of unrelated third parties. In addition, there are various local, state and federal fire, health, life-safety and similar regulations that we may be required to comply with. Failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations could result in fines and/or damages, suspension of personnel of our manager and/or other sanctions.

Discovery of previously undetected environmentally hazardous conditions may adversely affect our operating results.

Under various federal, state and local environmental laws, ordinances and regulations, a current or previous owner or operator of real property may be liable for the cost of removal or remediation of hazardous or toxic substances on, under or in such property. The costs of removal or remediation could be substantial. These laws often impose liability whether or not the owner or operator knew of, or was responsible for, the presence of the hazardous or toxic substances.

Environmental laws also may impose restrictions on the manner in which property may be used or businesses may be operated, and these restrictions may require substantial expenditures. Environmental laws provide for sanctions in the event of noncompliance and may be enforced by governmental agencies or, in certain circumstances, by private parties. Certain environmental laws and common law principles govern the presence, maintenance, removal and disposal of certain building materials, including asbestos and lead-based paint (which are both discussed above).

The cost of defending against such claims of liability, of compliance with environmental regulatory requirements, of remediating any contaminated property, or of paying personal injury claims could materially adversely affect our business, assets or results of operations and, consequently, amounts available for distribution to you.

We cannot assure you that properties which we acquire will not have any material environmental conditions, liabilities or compliance concerns. Accordingly, we have no way of determining at this time the magnitude of any potential liability to which we may be subject arising out of environmental conditions or violations with respect to the properties we own.

We may suffer losses that are not covered by insurance.

If we suffer losses that are not covered by insurance or that are in excess of insurance coverage, we could lose invested capital and anticipated profits. We intend to obtain comprehensive insurance for our properties, including casualty, liability, fire, extended coverage and rental loss customarily obtained for similar properties in amounts which our manager determines are sufficient to cover reasonably foreseeable losses, and with policy specifications and insured limits that we believe are adequate and appropriate under the circumstances. Material losses may occur in excess of insurance proceeds with respect to any property as insurance proceeds may not provide sufficient resources to fund the losses. However, there are types of losses, generally of a catastrophic nature, such as losses due to wars, earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, pollution, environmental matters, mold or terrorism which are either uninsurable or not economically insurable, or may be insured subject to limitations, such as large deductibles or co-payments.

In addition, many insurance carriers exclude asbestos-related claims from standard policies, pricing asbestos endorsements at prohibitively high rates or adding significant restrictions to such coverage.

Because of our inability to obtain specialized coverage at rates that correspond to our perceived level of risk, we may not obtain insurance for acts of terrorism or asbestos-related claims. We will continue to

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evaluate the availability and cost of additional insurance coverage from the insurance market. If we decide in the future to purchase insurance for terrorism or asbestos, the cost could have a negative impact on our results of operations. If an uninsured loss or a loss in excess of insured limits occurs on a property, we could lose our capital invested in the property, as well as the anticipated future revenues from the property and, in the case of debt that is recourse to us, would remain obligated for any mortgage debt or other financial obligations related to the property. Any loss of this nature would adversely affect us. Although we intend to adequately insure our properties, we cannot assure that we will successfully do so.

We may be unable to secure funds for future capital improvements, which could adversely impact our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.

When residents do not renew their leases or otherwise vacate their space, in order to attract replacement residents, we may be required to expend funds for capital improvements to the vacated apartment units. In addition, we may require substantial funds to renovate a multifamily community in order to sell it, upgrade it or reposition it in the market. If we have insufficient capital reserves, we will have to obtain financing from other sources. We intend to establish capital reserves in an amount we, in our discretion, believe is necessary. A lender also may require escrow of capital reserves in excess of any established reserves. If these reserves or any reserves otherwise established are designated for other uses or are insufficient to meet our cash needs, we may have to obtain financing from either affiliated or unaffiliated sources to fund our cash requirements. We cannot assure you that sufficient financing will be available or, if available, will be available on economically feasible terms or on terms acceptable to us. Moreover, certain reserves required by lenders may be designated for specific uses and may not be available for capital purposes such as future capital improvements. Additional borrowing will increase our interest expense, therefore, our financial condition and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders may be adversely affected.

We may not have control over costs arising from rehabilitation of properties.

We may elect to acquire properties which require rehabilitation. In particular, we may acquire “affordable” properties that we will rehabilitate and convert to market rate properties. Consequently, we may retain independent general contractors to perform the actual physical rehabilitation work and will be subject to risks in connection with a contractor’s ability to control the rehabilitation costs, the timing of completion of rehabilitation, and a contractor’s ability to build and rehabilitate in conformity with plans and specifications.

Short-term apartment leases expose us to the effects of declining market rent, which could adversely impact our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.

We expect that most of our apartment leases will be for a term of one year or less. Because these leases generally permit the residents to leave at the end of the lease term without any penalty, our rental revenues may be impacted by declines in market rents more quickly than if our leases were for longer terms.

The profitability of our acquisitions is uncertain.

We intend to acquire properties selectively. Acquisition of properties entails risks that investments will fail to perform in accordance with expectations. In undertaking these acquisitions, we will incur certain risks, including the expenditure of funds on, and the devotion of management’s time to, transactions that may not come to fruition. Additional risks inherent in acquisitions include risks that the properties will not achieve anticipated occupancy levels and that estimates of the costs of improvements to bring an acquired property up to our standards may prove inaccurate.

Competition with third parties in acquiring properties and other assets may reduce our profitability and the return on your investment.

We compete with many other entities engaged in real estate investment activities, including individuals, corporations, bank and insurance company investment accounts, other REITs, real estate limited partnerships, and other entities engaged in real estate investment activities. Many of these entities have significant financial and other resources, including operating experience, allowing them to compete effectively with us. Competitors with substantially greater financial resources than us may be able to accept more risk than we can

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effectively manage. In addition, those competitors that are not REITs may be at an advantage to the extent they can utilize working capital to finance projects, while we (and our competitors that are REITs) will be required by the annual distribution provisions under the Code to distribute significant amounts of cash from operations to our stockholders.

We will face competition from other apartment communities and the affordability of single-family homes, which may limit our profitability and the returns to our stockholders.

The multifamily apartment industry is highly competitive. This competition could reduce occupancy levels and revenues at our multifamily communities, which would adversely affect our operations. Our competitors include those in other apartment communities both in the immediate vicinity where our multifamily communities will be located and the broader geographic market. Such competition also may result in overbuilding of apartment communities, causing an increase in the number of apartment units available and potentially decreasing our occupancy and apartment rental rates. We also may be required to expend substantial sums to attract new residents. The resale value of the property could be diminished because the market value of a particular property will depend principally upon the value of the leases of such property. In addition, increases in operating costs due to inflation may not be offset by increased apartment rental rates. Further, costs associated with real estate investment, such as real estate taxes and maintenance costs, generally are not reduced when circumstances cause a reduction in income from the investment. These events would cause a significant decrease in revenues and could cause us to reduce the amount of distributions to our stockholders.

Moreover, the residential apartment community industry is highly competitive. This competition could reduce occupancy levels and revenues at our apartment communities, which would adversely affect our operations. We expect to face competition from many sources, including from other apartment communities both in the immediate vicinity and the broader geographic market where our apartment communities will be located. Overbuilding of apartment communities may occur. If so, this will increase the number of apartment units available and may decrease occupancy and apartment rental rates. In addition, increases in operating costs due to inflation may not be offset by increased apartment rental rates. We may be required to expend substantial sums to attract new residents.

Additionally, the large amount of foreclosed homes available at very attractive prices, along with the low residential mortgage interest rates currently available and government sponsored programs to promote home ownership, has resulted in a record high level on the National Association of Realtor’s Housing Affordability Index, an index used to measure whether or not a typical family could qualify for a mortgage loan on a typical home. The foregoing factors may encourage potential renters to purchase residences rather than renting an apartment, thereby causing a decline in the pool of available renters for our properties.

Some or all of our properties have incurred, and will incur, vacancies, which may result in reduced revenue and resale value, a reduction in cash available for distribution and a diminished return on your investment.

Some or all of our properties have incurred, and will incur, vacancies. If vacancies of a significant level continue for a long period of time, we may suffer reduced revenues resulting in lower cash distributions to you. In addition, the resale value of the property could be diminished because the market value of a particular property will depend principally upon the value of the leases of such property.

We are dependent on our investment in a single asset class, making our profitability more vulnerable to a downturn or slowdown in the sector or other economic factors.

We expect to concentrate our investments in the multifamily sector. As a result, we will be subject to risks inherent in investments in a single type of property. A downturn or slowdown in the demand for multifamily housing may have more pronounced effects on the cash available for distribution or on the value of our assets than if we had more fully diversified our investments. See the section entitled “Business — Market Opportunities” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

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Failure to succeed in new markets may have adverse consequences on our performance.

We may make acquisitions outside of our existing market areas if appropriate opportunities arise. Our sponsor’s, our manager’s or any of their affiliates’ historical experience in their existing markets does not ensure that we will be able to operate successfully in new markets, should we choose to enter them. We may be exposed to a variety of risks if we choose to enter new markets, including an inability to accurately evaluate local market conditions, to identify appropriate acquisition opportunities, to hire and retain key personnel, and a lack of familiarity with local governmental and permitting procedures. In addition, we may abandon opportunities to enter new markets that we have begun to explore for any reason and may, as a result, fail to recover expenses already incurred.

Acquiring or attempting to acquire multiple properties in a single transaction may adversely affect our operations.

We are likely to acquire multiple properties in a single transaction. Such portfolio acquisitions are more complex and expensive than single-property acquisitions, and the risk that a multiple-property acquisition does not close may be greater than in a single-property acquisition. Portfolio acquisitions also may result in us owning investments in geographically dispersed markets, placing additional demands on our ability to manage the properties in the portfolio. In addition, a seller may require that a group of properties be purchased as a package even though we may not want to purchase one or more properties in the portfolio. In these situations, if we are unable to identify another person or entity to acquire the unwanted properties, we may be required to operate, or attempt to dispose of, these properties. To acquire multiple properties in a single transaction we may be required to accumulate a large amount of cash. We would expect that the returns that we can earn on such cash will be less than the ultimate returns on real property, and therefore, accumulating such cash could reduce the funds available for distributions. Any of the foregoing events may have an adverse effect on our operations.

If we sell properties by providing financing to purchasers, we will bear the risk of default by the purchaser.

If we decide to sell any of our properties, we intend to use our commercially reasonable efforts to sell them for cash. However, in some instances we may sell our properties by providing financing to purchasers. If we provide financing to purchasers, we will bear the risk of default by the purchaser and will be subject to remedies provided by law, which could negatively impact distributions to our stockholders. There are no limitations or restrictions on our ability to take such purchase money obligations. We may, therefore, take a purchase money obligation secured by a mortgage as full or partial payment for the purchase price of a property. The terms of payment to us generally will be affected by custom in the area where the property being sold is located and the then-prevailing economic conditions. If we receive promissory notes or other property in lieu of cash from property sales, the distribution of the proceeds of sales to our stockholders, or their reinvestment in other assets, will be delayed until the promissory notes or other property are actually paid, sold or refinanced or we have otherwise disposed of such promissory notes or other property. In some cases, we may receive initial down payments in cash and other property in the year of sale in an amount less than the selling price and subsequent payments will be spread over a number of years. If any purchaser defaults under a financing arrangement with us, it could negatively impact our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.

Our revenue and net income may vary significantly from one period to another due to investments in opportunity-oriented properties and portfolio acquisitions, which could increase the variability of our cash available for distributions.

We may make investments in opportunity-oriented properties in various phases of development, redevelopment or repositioning and portfolio acquisitions, which may cause our revenues and net income to fluctuate significantly from one period to another. Projects do not produce revenue while in development or redevelopment. During any period when our projects in development or redevelopment or those with significant capital requirements increase without a corresponding increase in stable revenue-producing properties, our revenues and net income likely will decrease. Many factors may have a negative impact on the level of revenues or net income produced by our portfolio of investments, including higher than expected construction costs, failure to complete projects on a timely basis, failure of the properties to perform at

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expected levels upon completion of development or redevelopment, and increased borrowings necessary to fund higher than expected construction or other costs related to the project. Further, our net income and stockholders’ equity could be negatively affected during periods with large portfolio acquisitions, which generally require large cash outlays and may require the incurrence of additional financing. Any such reduction in our revenues and net income during such periods could cause a resulting decrease in our cash available for distributions during the same periods.

We may obtain properties with lock-out provisions, or agree to such provisions in connection with obtaining financing, which may prohibit us from selling a property, or may require us to maintain specified debt levels for a period of years on some properties.

We may agree to obtain certain properties from contributors who contribute their direct or indirect interest in such properties to our operating partnership in exchange for operating partnership units and agree to restrictions on sales or refinancing, called “lock-out” provisions, that are intended to preserve favorable tax treatment for the contributors of such properties and otherwise agree to provide the indemnities to contributions. Additionally, we may agree to lock-out provisions in connection with obtaining financing for the acquisition of properties. Furthermore, we may agree to make a certain amount of debt available for these contributors to guarantee in order to preserve their favorable tax treatment. Lock-out provisions and the consequences of related tax indemnities could materially restrict us from selling, conveying, transferring otherwise disposing of all or any portion of the interest in these properties in a taxable transaction or from refinancing properties. This would affect our ability to turn our investments into cash and thus affect cash available to return capital to you. Lock-out provisions could impair our ability to take actions during the lock-out period that would otherwise be in the best interests of our stockholders, and therefore, might have an adverse impact on the value of our shares. In particular, lock-out provisions could preclude us from participating in major transactions that could result in a disposition of our assets or a change in control even though that disposition or change in control might be in the best interests of our stockholders.

Risks Associated with Debt Financing

We plan to incur mortgage indebtedness and other borrowings, which may increase our business risks.

We intend to acquire properties subject to existing financing or by borrowing new funds. In addition, we may incur or increase our mortgage debt by obtaining loans secured by selected, or by all of our, real properties to obtain funds to acquire additional real properties and/or make capital improvements to properties. We also may borrow funds, if necessary, to satisfy the requirement that we generally distribute to stockholders as dividends at least 90% of our annual REIT taxable income (excluding net capital gain), or otherwise as is necessary or advisable to assure that we maintain our qualification as a REIT.

We intend to incur mortgage debt on a particular property only if we believe the property’s projected cash flow is sufficient to service the mortgage debt. However, if there is a shortfall in cash flow requiring us to use cash from other sources to make the mortgage payments on the property, then the amount available for distributions to stockholders may be affected. In addition, incurring mortgage debt increases the risk of loss since defaults on indebtedness secured by properties may result in foreclosure actions initiated by lenders and our loss of the property securing the loan which is in default. For tax purposes, a foreclosure of any of our properties would be treated as a sale of the property for a purchase price equal to the outstanding balance of the debt secured by the mortgage. If the outstanding balance of the debt secured by the mortgage exceeds our tax basis in the property, we would recognize taxable income on foreclosure, but would not receive any cash proceeds. We may, in some circumstances, give a guaranty on behalf of an entity that owns one or more of our properties. In these cases, we will be responsible to the lender for satisfaction of the debt if it is not paid by such entity. If any mortgages contain cross-collateralization or cross-default provisions, there is a risk that more than one property may be affected by a default.

Any mortgage debt which we place on properties may contain clauses providing for prepayment penalties. If a lender invokes these penalties upon the sale of a property or the prepayment of a mortgage on a property, the cost to us to sell the property could increase substantially, and may even be prohibitive. This could lead to a reduction in our income, which would reduce cash available for distribution to stockholders and may prevent us from borrowing more money.

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Interest-only indebtedness may increase our risk of default and ultimately may reduce our funds available for distributions to our stockholders.

We also may finance our property acquisitions using interest-only mortgage indebtedness. During the interest-only period, the amount of each scheduled payment will be less than that of a traditional amortizing mortgage loan. The principal balance of the mortgage loan will not be reduced (except in the case of prepayments) because there are no scheduled monthly payments of principal during this period. After the interest-only period, we will be required either to make scheduled payments of amortized principal and interest or to make a lump-sum or “balloon” payment at maturity. These required principal or balloon payments will increase the amount of our scheduled payments and may increase our risk of default under the related mortgage loan. If the mortgage loan has an adjustable interest rate, the amount of our scheduled payments also may increase at a time of rising interest rates. Increased payments and substantial principal or balloon maturity payments or prepayment penalties will reduce the funds available for distribution to our stockholders because cash otherwise available for distribution will be required to pay principal and interest associated with these mortgage loans.

There is no limitation on the amount we may invest in any single property or other asset.

Our investment guidelines limit our borrowings (secured and unsecured) to 75% of the cost of our tangible assets at the time of any new borrowing. Subject to these limitations on overall leverage in our investment guidelines, which can be amended by our board without stockholder approval, there is no limitation in our charter or our by-laws on the amount we can borrow for the purchase of any individual property or other investment. Use of excessive leverage could result in our loss of investment in one or more properties, which could adversely affect your shares of common stock.

If mortgage debt is unavailable at reasonable rates, it may make it difficult for us to finance or refinance properties, which could reduce the number of properties we can acquire, our cash flows from operations and the amount of cash distributions we can make.

If we are unable to borrow monies on terms and conditions that we find acceptable, we likely will have to reduce the number of properties we can purchase, and the return on the properties we do purchase may be lower. If we place mortgage debt on properties, we run the risk of being unable to refinance the properties when the debt becomes due or of being unable to refinance on favorable terms. If interest rates are higher when we refinance the properties, our income could be reduced. As such, we may find it difficult, costly or impossible to refinance indebtedness which is maturing. If any of these events occur, our interest cost would increase as a result, which would reduce our cash flow. This, in turn, could reduce cash available for distribution to our stockholders and may hinder our ability to raise capital by issuing more stock or borrowing more money. If we are unable to refinance maturing indebtedness with respect to a particular property and are unable to pay the same, then the lender may foreclose on such property.

Financial and real estate market disruptions during 2007 and lasting into 2010 could adversely affect the multifamily property sector’s ability to obtain financing from the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac) and the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae), which could adversely impact us.

Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are major sources of financing for the multifamily sector and both experienced significant losses beginning in 2008 and through 2010 due to credit-related expenses, securities impairments and fair value losses. If new U.S. government regulations (i) heighten Fannie Mae’s and Freddie Mac’s underwriting standards, (ii) adversely affect interest rates, or (iii) reduce the amount of capital they can make available to the multifamily sector, it could reduce or remove entirely a vital resource for multifamily financing. Any potential reduction in loans, guarantees and credit-enhancement arrangements from Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac could jeopardize the effectiveness of the multifamily sector’s available financing and decrease the amount of available liquidity and credit that could be used to acquire and diversify our portfolio of multifamily assets.

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The conservatorship of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and related efforts, along with any changes in laws and regulations affecting the relationship between Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and the U.S. federal government, may adversely affect our business.

Due to increased market concerns about Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac’s ability to withstand future credit losses associated with securities held in their investment portfolios, and on which they provide guarantees, without the direct support of the U.S. federal government, on July 30, 2008, the government passed the Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008, or the HERA. On September 7, 2008, the Federal Housing Finance Agency, or the FHFA, placed Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac into conservatorship and, together with the U.S. Treasury, established a program designed to boost investor confidence in Fannie Mae’s and Freddie Mac’s debt and mortgage-related securities. As the conservator of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, the FHFA controls and directs the operations of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and may (i) take over the assets of and operate Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac with all the powers of the stockholders, the directors and the officers of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and conduct all business of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac; (ii) collect all obligations and money due to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac; (iii) perform all functions of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac which are consistent with the conservator’s appointment; (iv) preserve and conserve the assets and property of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac; and (v) contract for assistance in fulfilling any function, activity, action or duty of the conservator.

In addition to the FHFA becoming the conservator of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, the U.S. Treasury has taken three additional actions: (i) the U.S. Treasury and the FHFA have entered into preferred stock purchase agreements between the U.S. Treasury and Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac pursuant to which the U.S. Treasury will ensure that each of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac maintains a positive net worth; (ii) the U.S. Treasury has established a new secured lending credit facility which will be available to Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the Federal Home Loan Banks, which is intended to serve as a liquidity backstop, which was indefinitely extended; and (iii) the U.S. Treasury has initiated a temporary program to purchase U.S. government agency RMBS issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.

Although the U.S. Treasury has committed capital to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, there can be no assurance that these actions will be adequate for their needs. If these actions are inadequate, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac could continue to suffer losses and could fail to honor their guarantees and other obligations. The future roles of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac could be significantly reduced and the nature of their guarantees could be considerably limited relative to historical measurements. Any changes to the nature of the guarantees provided by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac could redefine what constitutes a U.S. government agency RMBS and could have broad adverse market implications. Such market implications could negatively affect the performance and market value of our investments.

The potential reduction or winding down of the role Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac play in the mortgage market may materially adversely affect the multifamily sector and our business, operations and financial condition.

On February 11, 2011, the U.S. Treasury and the U.S. Department of Housing & Urban Development issued a report to the U.S. Congress entitled “Reforming America’s Housing Finance Market” that lays out, among other things, three options for long-term reform, which would reduce or wind down the role that Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac play in the mortgage market. These proposals are: (a) a privatized system of housing finance with the government insurance role limited to the Federal Housing Administration (the “FHA”), the United States Department of Agriculture (the “USDA”) and the Department of Veterans’ Affairs’ (the “VA”) assistance for narrowly targeted groups of borrowers; (b) a privatized system of housing finance with assistance from the FHA, USDA and VA for narrowly targeted groups of borrowers and a guarantee mechanism to scale up during times of crisis; and (c) a privatized system of housing finance with FHA, USDA and VA assistance for low- and moderate-income borrowers and catastrophic reinsurance behind significant private capital. Any such proposals, if enacted, may have broad and material adverse implications for the multifamily sector and our business, operations and financial condition. We expect such proposals to be the subject of significant discussion and it is not yet possible to determine whether or when any of such proposals may be enacted, what form any final legislation or policies might take and how proposals,

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legislation or policies emanating from this report may impact the multifamily sector and our business, operations and financial condition. We are evaluating, and will continue to evaluate, the potential impact of the proposals set forth in this report.

Our ability to obtain financing on reasonable terms could be impacted by negative capital market conditions.

Recently, domestic financial markets have experienced unusual volatility, uncertainty and a tightening of liquidity in both the investment grade debt and equity capital markets. The commercial real estate debt markets are also experiencing volatility as a result of certain factors including the tightening of underwriting standards by lenders and credit rating agencies and the lack of an efficient securitization market. Credit spreads for major sources of capital widened significantly during the U.S. credit crisis as investors demanded a higher risk premium. Should the overall cost of borrowings increase, either by increases in the index rates or by increases in lender spreads, we will need to factor such increases into the economics of our acquisitions. This may result in our acquisitions generating lower overall economic returns and potentially reducing cash flow available for distribution.

The recent dislocations in the debt markets have reduced the amount of capital that is available to finance real estate, which, in turn, (a) may no longer allow real estate investors to rely on capitalization rate compression to generate returns, and (b) has slowed real estate transaction activity, all of which may reasonably be expected to have a material adverse impact on revenues and income from the acquisition and operations of real properties and mortgage loans. Investors will need to focus on market-specific growth dynamics, operating performance, asset management and the long-term quality of the underlying real estate asset.

In addition, the state of the debt markets could have an impact on the overall amount of capital investing in real estate which may result in price or value decreases of real estate assets.

Consequently, there is greater uncertainty regarding our ability to access the credit market in order to attract financing on reasonable terms. Investment returns on our assets and our ability to make acquisitions could be adversely affected by our inability to secure financing on reasonable terms, if at all.

High levels of debt or increases in interest rates could increase the amount of our loan payments, which could reduce the cash available for distribution to stockholders.

As mentioned above, we intend to incur debt. High debt levels would cause us to incur higher interest charges, would result in higher debt service payments, and could be accompanied by restrictive covenants. Interest we pay could reduce cash available for distribution to stockholders. Additionally, if we incur variable rate debt, increases in interest rates would increase our interest costs, which would reduce our cash flow and our ability to make distributions to you. If we need to repay existing debt during periods of rising interest rates, we could be required to liquidate one or more of our investments in properties at times which may not permit realization of the maximum return on such investments and could result in a loss.

Lenders may require us to enter into restrictive covenants relating to our operations, which could limit our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.

In providing financing to us, a lender may impose restrictions on us that affect our ability to incur additional debt, make certain investments, reduce liquidity below certain levels, make distributions to our stockholders and otherwise affect our distribution and operating policies. In general, we expect our loan agreements to restrict our ability to encumber or otherwise transfer our interest in the respective property without the prior consent of the lender. Such loan documents may contain other negative covenants that may limit our ability to discontinue insurance coverage, replace our manager or impose other limitations. Any such restriction or limitation may have an adverse effect on our operations and our ability to make distributions to you. Further, such restrictions could make it difficult for us to satisfy the requirements necessary to maintain our qualification as a REIT.

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Some of our mortgage loans may have “due on sale” provisions, which may impact the manner in which we acquire, sell and/or finance our properties.

In purchasing properties subject to financing, we may obtain financing with “due-on-sale” and/or “due-on-encumbrance” clauses. Due-on-sale clauses in mortgages allow a mortgage lender to demand full repayment of the mortgage loan if the borrower sells the mortgaged property. Similarly, due-on-encumbrance clauses allow a mortgage lender to demand full repayment if the borrower uses the real estate securing the mortgage loan as security for another loan. These clauses may cause the maturity date of such mortgage loans to be accelerated and such financing to become due. In such event, we may be required to sell our properties on an all-cash basis, to acquire new financing in connection with the sale, or to provide seller financing. It is not our intent to provide seller financing, although it may be necessary or advisable for us to do so in order to facilitate the sale of a property. It is unknown whether the holders of mortgages encumbering our properties will require such acceleration or whether other mortgage financing will be available. Such factors will depend on the mortgage market and on financial and economic conditions existing at the time of such sale or refinancing.

Lenders may be able to recover against our other properties under our mortgage loans.

In financing our property acquisitions, we will seek to obtain secured nonrecourse loans. However, only recourse financing may be available, in which event, in addition to the property securing the loan, the lender may look to our other assets for satisfaction of the debt. Therefore, should we be unable to repay a recourse loan with the proceeds from the sale or other disposition of the property securing the loan, the lender could look to one or more of our other properties for repayment. Also, in order to facilitate the sale of a property, we may allow the buyer to purchase the property subject to an existing loan whereby we remain responsible for the debt.

The derivative financial instruments that we may use may be costly and ineffective and may reduce the overall returns on your investment.

To the extent that we use derivative financial instruments in connection with our floating interest rate debt, we will be exposed to credit, basis and legal enforceability risks. Derivative financial instruments may include interest rate swap contracts, interest rate cap or floor contracts, futures or forward contracts, options or repurchase agreements. In this context, credit risk is the failure of the counterparty to perform under the terms of the derivative contract. If the fair value of a derivative contract is positive, the counterparty owes us, which creates credit risk for us. Basis risk occurs when the index upon which the contract is based is more or less variable than the index upon which the hedged asset or liability is based, thereby making the hedge less effective. Finally, legal enforceability risks encompass general contractual risks, including the risk that the counterparty will breach the terms of, or fail to perform its obligations under, the derivative contract. If we are unable to manage these risks effectively, our results of operations, financial condition and ability to make distributions to you will be adversely affected.

Risks Related to Our Real Estate-Related Investments

Our investments in senior debt, mezzanine debt and membership or partnership interests in entities that own multifamily properties will be subject to the specific risks relating to the particular company and to the general risks of investing in real estate-related loans and securities, which may result in significant losses.

We may invest in senior debt, mezzanine debt and membership or partnership interests in entities that own multifamily properties. These investments will involve special risks relating to the particular company, including its financial condition, liquidity, results of operations, business and prospects. In particular, the debt securities may not be collateralized and also may be subordinated to the entity’s other obligations. We are likely to invest in debt securities of companies that are not rated or are rated non-investment grade by one or more rating agencies. Investments that are not rated or are rated non-investment grade have a higher risk of default than investment grade rated assets and therefore may result in losses to us. We have not adopted any limit on such investments.

These investments also will subject us to the risks inherent with real estate investments referred to in this prospectus, including the risks described with respect to commercial properties and similar risks, including:

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risks of delinquency and foreclosure, and risks of loss in the event thereof;
the dependence upon the successful operation of, and net income from, real property;
risks generally incident to interests in real property; and
risks specific to the type and use of a particular property.

These risks may adversely affect the value of our investments in entities that own multifamily properties and the ability of our borrowers thereof to make principal and interest payments in a timely manner, or at all, and could result in significant losses.

Our mezzanine loan assets will involve greater risks of loss than senior loans secured by income-producing properties.

We may originate (in connection with a forward purchase contract) or acquire mezzanine loans in entities that own multifamily properties, which take the form of subordinated loans secured by second mortgages on the underlying property or loans secured by a pledge of the ownership interests of either the entity owning the property or a pledge of the ownership interests of the entity that owns the interest in the entity owning the property. These types of assets involve a higher degree of risk than long-term senior mortgage lending secured by income-producing real property, because the loan may become unsecured as a result of foreclosure by the senior lender and because it is in second position and there may not be adequate equity in the property. In the event of a bankruptcy of the entity providing the pledge of its ownership interests as security, we may not have full recourse to the assets of such entity, or the assets of the entity may not be sufficient to satisfy our mezzanine loan. If a borrower defaults on our mezzanine loan or debt senior to our loan, or in the event of a borrower bankruptcy, our mezzanine loan will be satisfied only after the senior debt. As a result, we may not recover some of or all our initial expenditure. In addition, mezzanine loans may have higher loan-to-value ratios than conventional mortgage loans, resulting in less equity in the property and increasing the risk of loss of principal. Significant losses related to our mezzanine loans would result in operating losses for us and may limit our ability to make distributions to our stockholders.

United States Federal Income Tax Risks

If we fail to qualify as a REIT, we will be subjected to tax on our income and the amount of distributions we make to our stockholders will be less.

We intend to qualify as a REIT under the Code. A REIT generally is not taxed at the corporate level on income and gains it distributes to its stockholders on a timely basis. Although we do not intend to request a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service, or IRS, as to our REIT status, we have received the opinion of our tax counsel, Proskauer Rose LLP with respect to our qualification as a REIT. This opinion has been issued in connection with the offering. Investors should be aware, however, that opinions of counsel are not binding on the IRS or on any court. The opinion of Proskauer Rose LLP represents only the view of our counsel based on our counsel’s review and analysis of existing law and on certain representations as to factual matters and covenants made by us, including representations relating to the values of our assets and the sources of our income and representations related to our future conduct. Proskauer Rose LLP has no obligation to advise us or the holders of our common stock of any subsequent change in the matters stated, represented or assumed in its opinion or of any subsequent change in applicable law. Qualification as a REIT involves the application of highly technical and complex rules for which there are only limited judicial or administrative interpretations. The determination of various factual matters and circumstances not entirely within our control may affect our ability to continue to qualify as a REIT. In addition, new legislation, regulations, administrative interpretations or court decisions could significantly change the tax laws with respect to qualification as a REIT or the U.S. federal income tax consequences of such qualification, including changes with retroactive effect.

If we elect to be taxed as a REIT and then were to fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year:

we would not be allowed to deduct our distributions to our stockholders when computing our taxable income;
we would be subject to U.S. federal income tax (including any applicable alternative minimum tax) on our taxable income at regular corporate rates;

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we could be disqualified from being taxed as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year during which qualification was lost, unless entitled to relief under certain statutory provisions;
we would have less cash to make distributions to our stockholders; and
we might be required to borrow additional funds or sell some of our assets in order to pay corporate tax obligations we may incur as a result of our disqualification.

Although we intend to operate in a manner intended to qualify as a REIT, it is possible that future economic, market, legal, tax or other considerations may cause our board of directors to determine to delay or revoke our REIT election. Even if we qualify as a REIT, we expect to incur some taxes, such as state and local taxes, taxes imposed on certain subsidiaries and potential U.S. federal excise taxes.

We encourage you to read the “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations” section below for further discussion of the tax issues related to the offering.

Even if we qualify as a REIT, in certain circumstances, we may incur tax liabilities that would reduce our cash available for distribution to you.

Even if we qualify as a REIT, we may be subject to U.S. federal, state and local income taxes. For example, net income from the sale of properties that are “dealer” properties sold by a REIT (a “prohibited transaction” under the Code) will be subject to a 100% tax. We may not make sufficient distributions to avoid excise taxes applicable to REITs. We also may decide to retain net capital gain we earn from the sale or other disposition of our property and pay income tax directly on such income. In that event, our stockholders would be treated as if they earned that income and paid the tax on it directly. However, stockholders that are tax-exempt, such as charities or qualified pension plans, would have no benefit from their deemed payment of such tax liability unless they file U.S. federal income tax returns and thereon seek a refund of such tax. We also may be subject to state and local taxes on our income or property, including franchise, payroll and transfer taxes, either directly or at the level of our operating partnership or at the level of the other companies through which we indirectly own our assets, such as our TRSs, which are subject to full U.S. federal, state, local and foreign corporate-level income taxes. Any taxes we pay directly or indirectly will reduce our cash available for distribution to you.

To qualify as a REIT we must meet annual distribution requirements, which may force us to forgo otherwise attractive opportunities or borrow funds during unfavorable market conditions. This could delay or hinder our ability to meet our investment objectives and reduce your overall return.

In order to qualify and maintain our status as a REIT, we must distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our annual REIT taxable income (excluding net capital gain), determined without regard to the deduction for distributions paid. We will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on our undistributed taxable income and net capital gain and to a 4% nondeductible excise tax on any amount by which distributions we pay with respect to any calendar year are less than the sum of (i) 85% of our ordinary income, (ii) 95% of our capital gain net income, and (iii) 100% of our undistributed income from prior years. These requirements could cause us to distribute amounts that otherwise would be spent on investments in real estate assets and it is possible that we might be required to borrow funds, possibly at unfavorable rates, or sell assets to fund these distributions. Although we intend to make distributions sufficient to meet the annual distribution requirements and to avoid U.S. federal income and excise taxes on our earnings while we qualify as a REIT, it is possible that we might not always be able to do so. See the section entitled “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations” included in this prospectus.

Certain of our business activities are potentially subject to the prohibited transaction tax, which could reduce the return on your investment.

Our ability to dispose of property during the first few years following acquisition is restricted to a substantial extent as a result of our REIT qualification. Under applicable provisions of the Code regarding prohibited transactions by REITs, we will be subject to a 100% penalty tax on any gain recognized on the sale or other disposition of any property (other than foreclosure property) that we own, directly or through any subsidiary entity, including our operating partnership, but generally excluding our TRSs, that is deemed to be

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inventory or property held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of trade or business. Whether property is inventory or otherwise held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of a trade or business depends on the particular facts and circumstances surrounding each property. While we qualify as a REIT, we intend to avoid the 100% prohibited transaction tax by (1) conducting activities that may otherwise be considered prohibited transactions through a TRS (but such TRS will incur income taxes), (2) conducting our operations in such a manner so that no sale or other disposition of an asset we own, directly or through any subsidiary, will be treated as a prohibited transaction or (3) structuring certain dispositions of our properties to comply with a prohibited transaction safe harbor available under the Code for properties held for at least two years. However, despite our present intention, no assurance can be given that any particular property we own, directly or through any subsidiary entity, including our operating partnership, but excluding our TRSs, will not be treated as inventory or property held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of a trade or business.

The use of TRSs would increase our overall tax liability.

Some of our assets may need to be owned or sold, or operations conducted, by TRSs. Any of our TRSs will be subject to U.S. federal and state income tax on their taxable income. The after-tax net income of our TRSs would be available for distribution to us. Further, we will incur a 100% excise tax on transactions with our TRSs that are not conducted on an arm’s-length basis. For example, to the extent that the rent paid by one of our TRSs exceeds an arm’s-length rental amount, such amount is potentially subject to the excise tax. We intend that all transactions between us and our TRSs will be conducted on an arm’s-length basis, and therefore, any amounts paid by our TRSs to us will not be subject to the excise tax; provided, however, that no assurance can be given that no excise tax would arise from such transactions.

We may be subject to adverse legislative or regulatory tax changes that could increase our tax liability, reduce our operating flexibility and reduce the market price of our common stock.

In recent years, numerous legislative, judicial and administrative changes have been made in the provisions of U.S. federal income tax laws applicable to investments similar to an investment in shares of our common stock. Additional changes to the tax laws are likely to continue to occur, and we cannot assure you that any such changes will not adversely affect the taxation of a stockholder. Any such changes could have an adverse effect on an investment in our shares or on the market value or the resale potential of our assets. You are urged to consult with your own tax adviser with respect to the impact of recent legislation on your investment in our shares and the status of legislative, regulatory or administrative developments and proposals and their potential effect on an investment in our shares. You also should note that our counsel’s tax opinion was based upon existing law and Treasury Regulations, applicable as of the date of its opinion, all of which will be subject to change, either prospectively or retroactively.

Although REITs generally receive better tax treatment than entities taxed as regular corporations, it is possible that future legislation would result in a REIT having fewer tax advantages, and it could become more advantageous for a company that invests in real estate to elect to be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a corporation. As a result, our charter provides our board of directors with the power, under certain circumstances, to revoke or otherwise terminate our REIT election and cause us to be taxed as a regular corporation, without the vote of our stockholders. Our board of directors has fiduciary duties to us and our stockholders and could only cause such changes in our tax treatment if it determines in good faith that such changes are in the best interest of our stockholders.

If the operating partnership fails to maintain its status as a partnership, its income may be subject to taxation.

We intend to maintain the status of the operating partnership as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. However, if the IRS were to successfully challenge the status of the operating partnership as a partnership for such purposes, it would be taxable as a corporation. In such event, this would reduce the amount of distributions that the operating partnership could make to us. This would also result in our losing REIT status, and becoming subject to a corporate level tax on our own income. This would substantially reduce our cash available to pay distributions and the yield on your investment. In addition, if any of the partnerships or limited liability companies through which the operating partnership owns its properties, in

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whole or in part, loses its characterization as a partnership and is not otherwise disregarded for U.S. federal income tax purposes, it would be subject to taxation as a corporation, thereby reducing distributions to the operating partnership. Such a recharacterization of an underlying property owner could also threaten our ability to maintain our REIT qualification.

Our investments in certain debt instruments may cause us to recognize “phantom income” for U.S. federal income tax purposes even though no cash payments have been received on the debt instruments, and certain modifications of such debt by us could cause the modified debt to not qualify as a good REIT asset, thereby jeopardizing our REIT qualification.

Our taxable income may substantially exceed our net income as determined based on GAAP, or differences in timing between the recognition of taxable income and the actual receipt of cash may occur. For example, we may acquire assets, including debt securities requiring us to accrue original issue discount, or OID, or recognize market discount income, that generate taxable income in excess of economic income or in advance of the corresponding cash flow from the assets referred to as “phantom income.” In addition, in the event a borrower with respect to a particular debt instrument encounters financial difficulty rendering it unable to pay stated interest as due, we may nonetheless be required to continue to recognize the unpaid interest as taxable income. We may also be required under the terms of the indebtedness that we incur to use cash received from interest payments to make principal payment on that indebtedness, with the effect that we will recognize income but will not have a corresponding amount of cash available for distribution to our stockholders.

As a result of the foregoing, we may generate less cash flow than taxable income in a particular year and find it difficult or impossible to meet the REIT distribution requirements in certain circumstances. In such circumstances, we may be required to (1) sell assets in adverse market conditions, (2) borrow on unfavorable terms, (3) distribute amounts that would otherwise be used for future acquisitions or used to repay debt, or (4) make a taxable distribution of our shares of common stock as part of a distribution in which stockholders may elect to receive shares of common stock or (subject to a limit measured as a percentage of the total distribution) cash, in order to comply with the REIT distribution requirements.

The failure of a mezzanine loan to qualify as a real estate asset would adversely affect our ability to qualify as a REIT.

In general, in order for a loan to be treated as a qualifying real estate asset producing qualifying income for purposes of the REIT asset and income tests, the loan must be secured by real property. We may originate (in connection with a forward purchase contract) or acquire mezzanine loans that are not directly secured by real property but instead secured by equity interests in a partnership or limited liability company that directly or indirectly owns real property. In Revenue Procedure 2003-65, the IRS provided a safe harbor pursuant to which a mezzanine loan that is not secured by real estate would, if it meets each of the requirements contained in the Revenue Procedure, be treated by the IRS as a qualifying real estate asset. Although the Revenue Procedure provides a safe harbor on which taxpayers may rely, it does not prescribe rules of substantive tax law and in many cases it may not be possible for us to meet all of the requirements of the safe harbor. We cannot provide assurance that any mezzanine loan in which we invest would be treated as a qualifying asset producing qualifying income for REIT qualification purposes. If any such loan fails either the REIT income or asset tests, we may be disqualified as a REIT.

Furthermore, if we participate in any appreciation in value of real property securing a mortgage loan and the IRS characterizes such “shared appreciation mortgage” as equity rather than debt, for example, because of a large interest in cash flow of the borrower, we may be required to recognize income, gains, and other items with respect to the real property for U.S. federal income tax purposes. This could affect our ability to qualify as a REIT.

We may choose to make distributions in our own stock, in which case you may be required to pay income taxes in excess of the cash dividends you receive.

In connection with our qualification as a REIT, we are required to distribute at least 90% of our taxable income (excluding net capital gains) to our stockholders. In order to satisfy this requirement, we may distribute taxable dividends to our common stockholders that are payable in cash and shares of our common

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stock at the election of each stockholder. Under IRS Revenue Procedure 2010-12, up to 90% of any such taxable dividend with respect to the taxable years 2011 and 2012 could be payable in our common stock. Taxable stockholders receiving such dividends will be required to include the full amount of the dividend as ordinary income to the extent of our current or accumulated earnings and profits for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, U.S. stockholders may be required to pay income taxes with respect to such dividends in excess of the cash dividends received. Accordingly, U.S. stockholders receiving a distribution of our shares may be required to sell shares received in such distribution or may be required to sell other stock or assets owned by them, at a time that may be disadvantageous, in order to satisfy any tax imposed on such distribution. If a U.S. stockholder sells the stock that it receives as a dividend in order to pay this tax, the sales proceeds may be less than the amount included in income with respect to the dividend, depending on the market price of our stock at the time of the sale. Furthermore, with respect to certain non-U.S. stockholders, we may be required to withhold U.S. tax with respect to such dividends, including in respect of all or a portion of such dividend that is payable in stock, by withholding or disposing of part of the shares in such distribution and using the proceeds of such disposition to satisfy the withholding tax imposed. In addition, if a significant number of our stockholders determine to sell shares of our common stock in order to pay taxes owed on dividends, such sale may put downward pressure on the trading price of our common stock.

Further, while Revenue Procedure 2010-12 applies only to taxable dividends payable by us in a combination of cash and stock with respect to the taxable years 2011 and 2012, and it is unclear whether and to what extent we will be able to pay taxable dividends in cash and stock in later years. Moreover, various tax aspects of such a taxable cash/stock dividend are uncertain and have not yet been addressed by the IRS. No assurance can be given that the IRS will not impose additional requirements in the future with respect to taxable cash/stock dividends, including on a retroactive basis, or assert that the requirements for such taxable cash/stock dividends have not been met.

Dividends payable by REITs generally do not qualify for the reduced tax rates available for some dividends.

The maximum tax rate applicable to qualified dividend income payable to U.S. stockholders that are individuals, trusts and estates has been reduced by legislation to 15% for tax years beginning before January 1, 2013. Dividends payable by REITs, however, generally are not eligible for the reduced rates. Although this legislation does not adversely affect the taxation of REITs or dividends payable by REITs, the more favorable rates applicable to regular corporate qualified dividends could cause investors who are individuals, trusts and estates to perceive investments in REITs to be relatively less attractive than investments in the stocks of non-REIT corporations that pay dividends, which could adversely affect the value of the shares of REITs, including our common stock.

Complying with REIT requirements may limit our ability to hedge our liabilities effectively and may cause us to incur tax liabilities.

The REIT provisions of the Code may limit our ability to hedge our liabilities. Any income from a hedging transaction we enter into to manage risk of interest rate changes, price changes or currency fluctuations with respect to borrowings made or to be made to acquire or carry real estate assets, if properly identified under applicable Treasury Regulations, does not constitute “gross income” for purposes of the 75% or 95% gross income tests. To the extent that we enter into other types of hedging transactions, the income from those transactions will likely be treated as non-qualifying income for purposes of both of the gross income tests. See the section entitled “Certain Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations — Gross Income Tests — Hedging Transactions” included elsewhere in this prospectus. As a result of these rules, we may need to limit our use of advantageous hedging techniques or implement those hedges through a TRS. This could increase the cost of our hedging activities because our TRSs would be subject to tax on gains or expose us to greater risks associated with changes in interest rates than we would otherwise want to bear. In addition, losses in a TRS will generally not provide any tax benefit, except for being carried forward against future taxable income of such TRS.

Complying with REIT requirements may force us to forgo and/or liquidate otherwise attractive investment opportunities.

To qualify as a REIT, we must ensure that we meet the REIT gross income tests annually and that at the end of each calendar quarter, at least 75% of the value of our assets consists of cash, cash items, government

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securities and qualified REIT real estate assets, including certain mortgage loans and certain kinds of mortgage-related securities. The remainder of our investment in securities (other than government securities and qualified real estate assets) generally cannot include more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any one issuer or more than 10% of the total value of the outstanding securities of any one issuer. In addition, in general, no more than 5% of the value of our assets (other than government securities and qualified real estate assets) can consist of the securities of any one issuer, and no more than 25% of the value of our total securities can be represented by securities of one or more TRSs. If we fail to comply with these requirements at the end of any calendar quarter, we must correct the failure within 30 days after the end of the calendar quarter or qualify for certain statutory relief provisions to avoid losing our REIT qualification and suffering adverse tax consequences. As a result, we may be required to liquidate assets from our portfolio or not make otherwise attractive investments in order to maintain our qualification as a REIT. These actions could have the effect of reducing our income and amounts available for distribution to our stockholders.

The share ownership restrictions of the Code for REITs and the 9.8% share ownership limit in our charter may inhibit market activity in our shares of stock and restrict our business combination opportunities.

In order to qualify as a REIT for each taxable year ending on or after December 31, 2011, five or fewer individuals, as defined in the Code, may not own, actually or constructively, more than 50% in value of our issued and outstanding shares of stock at any time during the last half of a taxable year. Attribution rules in the Code determine if any individual or entity actually or constructively owns our shares of stock under this requirement. Additionally, at least 100 persons must beneficially own our shares of stock during at least 335 days of a taxable year for each taxable year after 2011. To help insure that we meet these tests, among other purposes, our charter restricts the acquisition and ownership of our shares of stock.

Our charter, with certain exceptions, authorizes our directors to take such actions as are necessary and desirable to preserve our qualification as a REIT while we so qualify. Unless exempted by our board of directors, as long as we qualify as a REIT, our charter prohibits, among other limitations on ownership and transfer of shares of our stock, any person from beneficially or constructively owning (applying certain attribution rules under the Code) more than 9.8% in value of the aggregate of our outstanding shares of stock or more than 9.8% (in value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive) of any class or series of our shares of stock. Our board of directors may not grant an exemption from these restrictions to any proposed transferee whose ownership in excess of 9.8% of the value of our outstanding shares would result in the termination of our qualification as a REIT. These restrictions on transferability and ownership will not apply, however, if our board of directors determines that it is no longer in our best interest to continue to qualify as a REIT or that compliance with the restrictions is no longer required in order for us to qualify as a REIT.

These ownership limits could delay or prevent a transaction or a change in control that might involve a premium price for our common stock or otherwise be in the best interest of the stockholders.

Non-U.S. stockholders may be subject to U.S. federal income tax on distributions received from us and may be subject to tax upon the disposition of our shares.

Subject to certain exceptions, distributions received from us will be treated as dividends of ordinary income to the extent of our current or accumulated earnings and profits. Such dividends ordinarily will be subject to U.S. withholding tax at a 30% rate, or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty, unless the distributions are treated as “effectively connected” with the conduct by the non-U.S. stockholder of a U.S. trade or business. Capital gain distributions attributable sales or exchanges of U.S. real property generally will be taxed to a non-U.S. stockholder as if such gain were effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business. See the section entitled “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations — Taxation of Non-U.S. Stockholders” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Gain recognized by a non-U.S. stockholder upon the sale or exchange of our common stock generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income taxation unless such stock constitutes a “U.S. real property interest” within the meaning of the Foreign Investment in Real Property Tax Act of 1980, or FIRPTA. Our common stock will not constitute a “U.S. real property interest” so long as we are a “domestically-controlled qualified investment entity.” A domestically-controlled qualified investment entity includes a REIT if at all times during a specified testing period, less than 50% in value of such REIT’s stock is held directly or

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indirectly by non-U.S. stockholders. We believe, but cannot assure you, that we have been a domestically-controlled qualified investment entity, and because our common stock will be publicly traded, no assurance can be given that we will continue to be a domestically-controlled qualified investment entity.

Even if we do not qualify as a domestically-controlled qualified investment entity at the time a non-U.S. stockholder sells or exchanges our common stock, gain arising from such a sale or exchange would not be subject to U.S. taxation under FIRPTA as a sale of a U.S. real property interest if: (1) our common stock is “regularly traded,” as defined by applicable Treasury regulations, on an established securities market, and (2) such non-U.S. stockholder owned, actually and constructively, 5% or less of our common stock throughout the applicable testing period. See the section entitled “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations — Special Tax Considerations for Non-U.S. Stockholders — Sale of our Shares by a Non-U.S. Stockholder” included elsewhere in this prospectus. We encourage you to consult your own tax advisor to determine the tax consequences applicable to you if you are a non-U.S. stockholder.

Potential characterization of distributions or gain on sale may be treated as unrelated business taxable income to tax-exempt investors.

If (1) we are a “pension-held REIT,” (2) a tax-exempt stockholder has incurred debt to purchase or hold our common stock or (3) a holder of common stock is a certain type of tax-exempt stockholder, dividends on, and gains recognized on the sale of, common stock by such tax-exempt stockholder may be subject to U.S. federal income tax as unrelated business taxable income under the Code.

Employee Benefit Plan Risks

If you fail to meet the fiduciary and other standards under ERISA or the Code as a result of an investment in our stock, you could be subject to liability and penalties.

Special considerations apply to the purchase of stock by employee benefit plans subject to the fiduciary rules of Title I of ERISA, including pension or profit sharing plans and entities that hold assets of such ERISA Plans, and plans and accounts that are not subject to ERISA, but are subject to the prohibited transaction rules of Section 4975 of the Code, including IRAs, Keogh Plans, and medical savings accounts (collectively, we refer to ERISA Plans and plans subject to Section 4975 of the Code as “Benefit Plans”). If you are investing the assets of any Benefit Plan, you should satisfy yourself that:

your investment is consistent with your fiduciary obligations under ERISA and the Code;
your investment is made in accordance with the documents and instruments governing the Benefit Plan, including the Benefit Plan’s investment policy;
your investment satisfies the prudence and diversification requirements of Sections 404(a)(1)(B) and 404(a)(1)(C) of ERISA, if applicable, and other applicable provisions of ERISA and the Code;
your investment will not impair the liquidity of the Benefit Plan;
your investment will not produce UBTI for the Benefit Plan;
you will be able to value the assets of the plan annually in accordance with ERISA requirements and applicable provisions of the Benefit Plan; and
your investment will not constitute a non-exempt prohibited transaction under Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code.

Fiduciaries may be held personally liable under ERISA for losses as a result of failure to satisfy the fiduciary standards of conduct and other applicable requirements of ERISA. In addition, if an investment in our stock constitutes a non-exempt prohibited transaction under ERISA or the Code, the fiduciary of the plan who authorized or directed the investment may be subject to imposition of excise taxes with respect to the amount invested and an IRA investing in the stock may lose its tax exempt status.

Plans that are not subject to ERISA or the prohibited transactions of the Code, such as government plans or church plans, may be subject to similar requirements under state law. Such plans should satisfy themselves that the investment satisfies applicable law. We have not, and will not, evaluate whether an investment in our stock is suitable for any particular plan.

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RESTRICTIONS IMPOSED BY THE USA PATRIOT ACT AND RELATED ACTS

In accordance with the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001, as amended, or the USA PATRIOT Act, the shares of common stock offered hereby may not be offered, sold, transferred or delivered, directly or indirectly, to any “unacceptable investor,” which means anyone who is:

a “designated national,” “specially designated national,” “specially designated terrorist,” “specially designated global terrorist,” “foreign terrorist organization,” or “blocked person” within the definitions set forth in the Foreign Assets Control Regulations of the U.S. Treasury Department;
acting on behalf of, or an entity owned or controlled by, any government against whom the U.S. maintains economic sanctions or embargoes under the Regulations of the U.S. Treasury Department;
within the scope of Executive Order 13224 — Blocking Property and Prohibiting Transactions with Persons who Commit, Threaten to Commit, or Support Terrorism, effective September 24, 2001;
subject to additional restrictions imposed by the following statutes or regulations, and executive orders issued thereunder: the Trading with the Enemy Act, the Iraq Sanctions Act, the National Emergencies Act, the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996, the International Emergency Economic Powers Act, the United Nations Participation Act, the International Security and Development Cooperation Act, the Nuclear Proliferation Prevention Act of 1994, the Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act, the Iran and Libya Sanctions Act of 1996, the Cuban Democracy Act, the Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity Act and the Foreign Operations, Export Financing and Related Programs Appropriation Act or any other law of similar import as to any non-U.S. country, as each such act or law has been or may be amended, adjusted, modified or reviewed from time to time; or
designated or blocked, associated or involved in terrorism, or subject to restrictions under laws, regulations, or executive orders as may apply in the future similar to those set forth above.

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

We make forward-looking statements in this prospectus that are subject to risks and uncertainties. These forward-looking statements include information about possible or assumed future results of our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations, plans and objectives. When we use the words “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “plan,” “continue,” “intend,” “should,” “could,” “may” or similar expressions, we intend to identify forward-looking statements. Statements regarding the following subjects, among others, may be forward-looking:

use of proceeds of the offerings;
our business and investment strategy;
our projected operating results;
actions and initiatives of the U.S. government and changes to U.S. government policies and the execution and impact of these actions, initiatives and policies;
the state of the U.S. economy generally or in specific geographic areas;
economic trends and economic recoveries;
our ability to obtain and maintain financing arrangements, including through Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac;
financing and advance rates for our target assets;
our expected leverage;
general volatility of the securities markets in which we invest;
changes in the values of our assets;
our expected portfolio of assets;
our expected investments;
interest rate mismatches between our target assets and our borrowings used to fund such investments;
changes in interest rates and the market value of our target assets;
changes in prepayment rates on our target assets;
effects of hedging instruments on our target assets;
rates of default or decreased recovery rates on our target assets;
the degree to which our hedging strategies may or may not protect us from interest rate volatility;
impact of and changes in governmental regulations, tax law and rates, accounting guidance and similar matters;
our ability to maintain our qualification as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes;
our ability to maintain our exemption from registration under the Investment Company Act;
availability of investment opportunities in mortgage-related and real estate-related investments and securities;
availability of qualified personnel;
estimates relating to our ability to make distributions to our stockholders in the future;
our understanding of our competition; and
market trends in our industry, interest rates, real estate values, the debt securities markets or the general economy.

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The forward-looking statements are based on our beliefs, assumptions and expectations of our future performance, taking into account all information currently available to us. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. These beliefs, assumptions and expectations can change as a result of many possible events or factors, not all of which are known to us. Some of these factors are described in this prospectus under the sections entitled “Prospectus Summary,” “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Business.” If a change occurs, our business, financial condition, liquidity and results of operations may vary materially from those expressed in our forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which it is made. New risks and uncertainties arise over time, and it is not possible for us to predict those events or how they may affect us. Except as required by law, we are not obligated to, and do not intend to, update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

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USE OF PROCEEDS

We are offering 4,500,000 shares of our common stock through our underwriters in the underwritten offering on a firm commitment basis, of which up to 650,000 shares of our common stock are being offered to Williams Realty Fund I, LLC and up to 250,000 shares of our common stock may be offered to WOF, each of which is an affiliate of our sponsor, through our directed share program without payment of underwriting discounts and commissions by us, at the anticipated initial public offering price of $10.00 per share. Immediately prior to the closing of the underwritten offering, we will complete the irrevocable private placement offering to WOF of 500,000 shares of our common stock, without payment of underwriting discounts and commissions by us. The purchase price for each share of common stock in the private placement offering will be the same as the initial public offering price in the underwritten offering. The holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of common stock will have the right to elect a majority of our board of directors.

Estimated Application of Proceeds of the Offerings

       
  Minimum
Dollar Amount
  Per Cent   Maximum
Dollar Amount (1)
  Per Cent
Gross offering proceeds   $ 50,000,000       100.00 %     $ 56,750,000       100.00 %  
Expenses of the Offerings:
 
Underwriting discounts (2)   $ 2,800,000       5.60 %     $ 3,272,500       5.77 %  
Offering expenses and organizational costs (3)   $ 3,000,000       6.00 %     $ 3,000,000       5.29 %  
Amount available for investment   $ 44,200,000       88.40 %     $ 50,477,500       88.95 %  
Prepaid terms and fees related to purchase of property (4)   $ 1,842,043       3.68 %     $ 1,842,043       3.25 %  
Cash down payment (equity)   $ 22,270,000       44.54 %     $ 22,270,000       39.24 %  
Acquisition fees (real estate commissions) (5)   $ 633,500       1.27 %     $ 633,500       1.12 %  
Working capital reserve   $ 3,500,000       7.00 %     $ 3,500,000       6.17 %  
Proceeds invested   $ 28,245,543       56.49 %     $ 28,245,543       49.77 %  
Expenses of the Offerings   $ 5,800,000       11.60 %     $ 6,272,500       11.05 %  
Total application of proceeds   $ 34,045,543       68.09 %     $ 34,518,043       60.82 %  

(1) Assumes the exercise by the underwriters of their over-allotment option.
(2) Assumes the sale of 500,000 shares of our common stock to Williams Realty Fund I, LLC without payment by the Company of any underwriting discounts.
(3) Assumes offering expenses of $2.6 million (including legal, accounting, printing and other expenses of this offering and the advisory fee and expense reimbursements payable to International Assets Advisory, LLC) and organizational costs of approximately $0.4 million.
(4) Includes prepaid interest, points, loan commitment fees and legal and other costs of acquisition. The percentage of such items to be capitalized is 20.42%.
(5) “Real Estate Commissions” are defined as the total of all fees and commissions paid by any person to any person, including our manager or affiliates, in connection with the selection, purchase, construction or development of any property by us, whether designated as real estate commission, acquisition fees, finders fees, selection fees, development fees, construction fees, non-recurring management fees, consulting fees or any other similar fees or commissions howsoever designated and howsoever treated for tax or accounting purposes. No Real Estate Commissions are being paid in connection with the purchase of the acquired properties other than the acquisition fee that will be paid to our manager pursuant to our management agreement with the manager, see the section entitled “Our Manager and Management Agreement — Management Compensation” included elsewhere in this prospectus for a detailed discussion of the acquisition fee.

We estimate that the net proceeds we will receive from selling our common stock in the underwritten offering will be approximately $39.5 million in the aggregate, or $45.7 million in the aggregate if the

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underwriters fully exercise their over-allotment option, based upon an assumed initial public offering price of $10.00 per share, in each case, and after deducting applicable underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses (including the advisory fee and expense reimbursements payable to International Assets Advisory, LLC), of approximately $5.1 million, or $5.6 million if the underwriters fully exercise their over-allotment option and after deducting estimated organizational costs of approximately $0.4 million. We estimate that the net proceeds we will receive from selling our common stock in the private placement offering will be approximately $4.7 million in the aggregate, based upon an assumed private placement offering price of $10.00 per share, after deducting applicable estimated organizational costs and offering expenses of approximately $0.3 million. The total net proceeds that we estimate we will receive from the private placement offering and the underwritten offering, after deducting applicable underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses (including the advisory fee and expense reimbursements payable to International Assets Advisory, LLC), will be approximately $44.2 million, or $50.5 million if the underwriters fully exercise their over-allotment option.

We intend to invest the net proceeds to us of the private placement offering and the underwritten offering of our common stock in two or more properties with an aggregate gross value (inclusive of mortgage indebtedness) of approximately $126.3 million, or $144.2 million if the underwriters fully exercise their over-allotment option, including the two real estate investments (described below) that have been identified for potential acquisition. We intend to acquire properties through the incurrence of indebtedness (secured and unsecured) constituting approximately 65% of our tangible assets value on a portfolio basis, with the balance of the acquisition cost thereof funded through the use of the net proceeds to us of the private placement and underwritten offering. Neither our charter nor our by-laws contain any limitation on the amount of leverage we may use. Our investment guidelines, which can be amended by our board without stockholder approval, limit our borrowings (secured and unsecured) to 75% of the cost of our tangible assets at the time of any new borrowing.

We have entered into purchase agreements relating to the acquisition of two properties with third parties affiliated with our manager, i.e. (a) Oxford Rise Partners LLC, a Georgia limited liability company, and WOF for the acquisition of Oxford Rise JV, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and (b) Oxford Summit Development, LLC, a Georgia limited liability company, and Williams Realty Fund I, LLC, a Georgia limited liability company, for the acquisition of Oxford Summit Partners, LLC, a Georgia limited liability company. The acquisition price for each property was determined pursuant to the appraisals of two independent real estate appraisers. It is expected that these acquisitions will be consummated shortly after the completion of the offerings. We anticipate that the aggregate purchase price for the two properties, together with acquisition fees and other expenses, (approximately $65.9 million), will be paid with approximately $24.8 million from the proceeds of the offerings, with the balance thereof being paid from planned debt financing activities. While currently we do not have any financing commitments in place in connection with the acquisitions of the two properties, upon completion of the offerings we expect to execute commitment letters with either Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac and pay a fee equal to 2% of the loan proceeds for each of the two loans, which payments will be reimbursed to us at the closing of each loan. If first mortgage financing is unavailable from Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac, we plan to prioritize the acquisition of the two properties and use the proceeds from the offering to acquire the Oxford Rise property. See the sections entitled “Business — Our Investment Strategy” and “Description of Real Estate Investments” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

In addition, we expect to repay amounts borrowed from WOF pursuant to three separate financing arrangements that aggregate approximately $1.5 million. See the section entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Result of Operations — Liquidity and Capital Resources” located elsewhere in this prospectus for details relating to these financing arrangements.

Our manager may invest net proceeds of the private placement offering and the underwritten offering in interest-bearing short-term investments that are consistent with our intention to qualify as a REIT, pending investment in our target assets. These initial investments are expected to provide a lower net return than we will seek to achieve from our target assets.

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DISTRIBUTION POLICY

We intend to make regular quarterly distributions to holders of our common stock. U.S. federal income tax law generally requires that a REIT distribute annually at least 90% of its REIT taxable income, without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gain, and that it pay tax at regular corporate rates to the extent that it annually distributes less than 100% of its net taxable income. We generally intend to pay over time regular quarterly dividends in an amount equal to the remainder of our net taxable income to holders of our common stock. We plan to pay our first dividend in respect of the period from the closing of the offerings through June 30, 2011, which may be prior to the time when we have fully invested the net proceeds from the offerings in our target assets. Although not currently anticipated, if our board of directors determines to make distributions in excess of the income or cash flow generated from our target assets, we may make such distributions from the proceeds of this or future offerings of equity or debt securities or other forms of debt financing or the sale of assets.

To the extent that in respect of any calendar year, cash available for distribution is less than our REIT taxable income, we could be required to sell assets or borrow funds to make cash distributions or make a portion of the required distribution in the form of a taxable stock distribution or distribution of debt securities. We generally will not be required to make distributions with respect to activities conducted through any TRS that we form following the completion of the offerings. For more information, see the section entitled “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations — General” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

To satisfy the requirements to qualify as a REIT and generally not be subject to U.S. federal income and excise tax, we intend to make regular quarterly distributions of all or substantially all the remainder of our REIT taxable income to holders of our common stock out of assets legally available therefor. The amount of cash available for distribution will be decreased by any fees or expenses payable by us to our manager under the management agreement. Any distributions we make to our stockholders will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon our earnings, financial condition, liquidity, debt covenants, funding or margin requirements under credit facilities, repurchase agreements or other secured and unsecured borrowing agreements, maintenance of our REIT qualification, applicable provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law, or the MGCL, and such other factors as our board of directors deems relevant. Our earnings, financial condition and liquidity will be affected by various factors, including the net income from our portfolio, our operating expenses and any other expenditures. See the section entitled “Risk Factors” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

We anticipate that our distributions generally will be taxable as ordinary income to our stockholders, although a portion of the distributions may be designated by us as qualified dividend income or capital gain or may constitute a return of capital. In addition, a portion of such distributions may be taxable stock dividends payable in our shares. We will furnish annually to each of our stockholders a statement setting forth distributions paid during the preceding year and their characterization as ordinary income, return of capital, qualified dividend income or capital gain. For more information, see the section entitled “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations — Taxation of U.S. Stockholders” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

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CAPITALIZATION

The following table sets forth (a) our actual capitalization at December 31, 2010, and (b) our capitalization as adjusted to reflect the effect of (i) the change in designation of all our shares of Class A Common Stock to common stock, (ii) the change of each of our issued and outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock to one issued and outstanding share of common stock, (iii) the sale of 500,000 shares of common stock in the private placement offering to WOF at an assumed offering price of $10.00 per share, without payment of underwriting discounts and commissions by us, and (iv) the sale of 4,500,000 shares of our common stock in the underwritten offering at an assumed initial public offering price of $10.00 per share, of which up to 650,000 shares of our common stock are being offered to Williams Realty Fund I, LLC and up to 250,000 shares of our common stock may be offered to WOF, each of which is an affiliate of our sponsor, through our directed share program without payment of underwriting discounts and commissions by us, after deducting applicable underwriting discounts and commissions, and in each case after deducting estimated offering expenses payable by us (including the advisory fee and expense reimbursements payable to International Assets Advisory, LLC). You should read this table together with the section entitled “Use of Proceeds” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

   
  As of December 31, 2010
     Actual   As Adjusted
     (unaudited)
Stockholders’ equity:
                 
Non-controlling interest   $ 1     $ 1  
Class A Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share; 400,033,333 shares authorized and 3,333 shares issued and outstanding, actual   $ 33     $  
Class B Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share; 33,333 shares authorized and 33,333 shares issued and outstanding, actual   $ 333     $  
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share; 400,066,666 shares authorized and 5,036,666 issued and outstanding, as adjusted   $     $ 50,366  
Additional paid-in capital   $ 109,632     $ 44,659,632  
Accumulated deficit   $ (766,199 )     $ (806,020 )  
Total equity (deficit):   $ (656,200 )     $ 43,903,979  

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DILUTION

Purchasers of our common stock offered in this prospectus will experience an immediate and substantial dilution of the net tangible book value of our common stock from the initial public offering price. As of December 31, 2010, we had a net tangible book value (deficit) of approximately $(656,200), or $(17.90) per share of our common stock held by our existing stockholder, NELL Partners. After giving effect to (i) the change in designation of our shares of Class A Common Stock to common stock, (ii) the change of each of our issued and outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock to one issued and outstanding share of common stock, and (iii) the receipt of approximately $45.2 million of estimated net proceeds from our sale of shares of common stock in the underwritten offering and the private placement offering at an assumed offering price of $10.00 per share, our net tangible book value as of December 31, 2010 would have been $43,903,979, or $8.72 per share. This represents an immediate increase in net tangible book value of $26.62 per share to our existing stockholder and an immediate dilution of $1.28 per share to new investors purchasing shares of common stock in the underwritten offering and the private placement offering. The following table illustrates this substantial and immediate per share dilution to new investors.

   
Assumed initial public offering price per share            $ 10.00  
Net tangible book value (deficit) per share at December 31, 2010   $ (17.90 )           
Pro forma increase per share attributable to new investors     26.62        
Pro forma net tangible book value per share after giving effect to the underwritten offering and the private placement offering           8.72  
Dilution in net tangible book value per share to new investors            $ 1.28  

A $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed initial public offering price of $10.00 per share would not change our aggregate pro forma net tangible book value, but the pro forma net tangible book value per share attributable to new investors would increase (decrease) by $0.86 per share and the dilution in net tangible book value per share to new investors in the underwritten offering and the private placement offering would increase (decrease) by $0.14 per share.

The following table summarizes, as of December 31, 2010:

the total number of shares of common stock purchased from us by our existing stockholder and by new investors purchasing shares of common stock in the underwritten offering and the private placement offering;
the total consideration paid to us by our existing stockholder for shares of common stock owned by it and by new investors purchasing shares of common stock in the underwritten offering and the private placement offering, assuming an initial public offering of $10.00 per share of common stock (before deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us in connection with the underwritten offering (excluding shares of our common stock sold to Williams Realty Fund I, LLC and any shares of common stock that may be sold to WOF through our directed share program) and the estimated offering expenses payable by us in connection with the underwritten offering and the private placement offering); and
the average price per share of common stock paid by our existing stockholder and by new investors purchasing shares of common stock in the underwritten offering and the private placement offering.

         
  Shares Purchased   Total Consideration   Average Price per Share
     Number   Percent   Amount   Percent
Existing stockholder     36,666       0.73 %     $ 109,998       0.73 %     $ 3.00  
New investors     5,000,000       99.27 %       50,000,000       99.27 %     $ 10.00  
Total     5,036,666       100.00 %     $ 50,109,998       100.00 %           

A $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed initial public offering price of $10.00 per share of common stock would not change total consideration paid by new investors and would increase (decrease) the average price per share by $1.00, assuming the number of shares of common stock offered by us, as set forth on the

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cover page of this prospectus, would be adjusted to reflect the same total consideration paid to us by the new investors and without deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated expenses payable by us.

The foregoing table does not reflect the exercise by the underwriters of their over-allotment option to purchase additional shares of common stock in full. If the underwriters exercise the over-allotment option to purchase additional shares of common stock in full, the shares of common stock held by our existing stockholder after the underwritten offering and the private placement offering would be reduced to 0.64% of the total number of shares of our common stock outstanding after the underwritten offering and the private placement offering, and the number of shares held by new investors would increase to 5,675,000, or 99.36% of the total number of shares of our common stock outstanding after the underwritten offering and the private placement offering.

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SELECTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

The following table sets forth selected financial and operating data for the company on a historical and pro forma basis.

The unaudited pro forma consolidated financial statement data of the company as of and for the year ended December 31, 2010 are derived from the financial statements of (1) the company, and (2) Oxford Rise JV, LLC and Oxford Summit Partners, LLC, which own the properties, or the Acquired Properties, being acquired by us, see “Description of Real Estate Investments — Property Acquisition” elsewhere in this prospectus. The unaudited pro forma consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2010 gives effect to our initial public offering, our concurrent private placement offering to WOF and our acquisition of the Acquired Properties, as if these events had occurred on December 31, 2010. The unaudited pro forma consolidated statements of operations data for the year ended December 31, 2010 give effect to our initial public offering, our concurrent private placement offering to WOF and our acquisition of the Acquired Properties as if these events had occurred on January 1, 2010.

The following selected financial and operating data should be read in conjunction with the section entitled“Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto, appearing elsewhere in this prospectus. The company's pro forma consolidated financial statement information does not purport to (1) represent our financial position that would have actually occurred had the offerings or the acquisition of the Acquired Properties occurred on December 31, 2010, (2) represent the results of our operations that would have actually occurred had the offerings or the acquisition of the Acquired Properties occurred on January 1, 2010, or (3) project our financial position or results of operations as of any future date or for any future period, as applicable.

   
  Company Historical   Company Pro Forma
     Year Ended
December 31, 2010
  Year Ended December 31,
2010
          (Unaudited)
Statement of operations data:
                 
Revenue:
                 
Net rental income   $     $ 5,809,620  
Other revenue           667,482  
Total revenue         $ 6,477,102  
Expenses:
                 
Total expenses     766,219       14,549,556  
Net income (loss)   $ (766,219 )     $ (8,072,454 )  
Net income (loss) per share of common stock   $ (20.88 )     $ (2.66 )  
Cash dividends declared per share of common stock   $     $  
Balance sheet data (end of period):
                 
Assets:
                 
Total assets   $ 829,812     $ 84,053,702  
Liabilities:
                 
Mortgage notes payable (long-term)   $     $ 41,080,000  
Note payable (short-term)     1,470,948        
Accrued interest     15,064        
Total liabilities   $ 1,486,012     $ 41,080,000  
Total equity (deficit)   $ (656,200 )     $ 42,973,702  

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

You should read the following discussion in conjunction with the sections entitled “Risk Factors,” “Forward-Looking Statements,” “Business” and our audited financial statements as of and for the period ended December 31, 2010, and the related notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus. This discussion contains forward-looking statements reflecting current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results and the timing of events may differ materially from those contained in these forward-looking statements due to a number of factors, including those discussed in the section entitled “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus.

Overview

We are an externally advised Maryland corporation incorporated on September 18, 2009, to acquire multifamily properties in select targeted markets throughout the United States. As a secondary strategy, we also may acquire senior mortgage loans, subordinate loans or mezzanine debt secured by interests in multifamily properties, membership or partnership interests in multifamily properties and other multifamily assets as determined by our manager as appropriate for us. We collectively refer to these asset classes as our target assets. As of the date of this prospectus, we have not yet commenced active operations.

We will seek to maximize returns for our stockholders by taking advantage of the current environment in the real estate market created by the recent United States financial crisis and downturn in the United States economy to acquire multifamily assets that have seen a dramatic drop in value due to a significant rise in capitalization rates, decreased occupancy due to downward pressure on renter incomes. As the real estate market and economy stabilize, we intend to employ efficient management techniques to grow income and create asset value.

As market conditions change over time, we intend to adjust our investment strategy to adapt to such changes as appropriate. We believe there are abundant opportunities among our target assets that currently present attractive risk-return profiles. However, in order to capitalize on the investment opportunities that may be present in the various other points of an economic cycle, we may expand or change our investment strategy and target assets. We believe that the diversification of the portfolio of assets that we intend to acquire, our ability to acquire, originate and manage our target assets and the flexibility of our strategy will position us to generate attractive long-term returns for our stockholders in a variety of market conditions. See the section entitled “Business — Our Investment Strategy” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

We intend to elect and qualify to be taxed as a REIT commencing with our taxable year ending December 31, 2011. We also intend to operate our business in a manner that will permit us to maintain our exemption from registration under the Investment Company Act. We will commence operations upon completion of the private placement and the underwritten offerings. We will conduct substantially all of our operations through our operating partnership, Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, L.P.

Immediately prior to the closing of the underwritten offering, we will complete the irrevocable private placement offering to WOF of 500,000 shares of our common stock, without payment of underwriting discounts and commissions by us. The purchase price for each share of common stock in the private placement offering will be the same as the initial public offering price in the underwritten offering.

We also intend to raise additional capital in the future.

Critical Accounting Policies

Below is a discussion of the accounting policies that management believes will be critical once we commence operations. We consider these policies critical because they involve significant management judgments and assumptions, require estimates about matters that are inherently uncertain and because they are important for understanding and evaluating our reported financial results. These judgments affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and our disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. With different estimates or assumptions, materially different amounts could be reported in our financial statements. Additionally, other companies may utilize different estimates that may impact the comparability of our results of operations to those of companies in similar businesses.

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Real Estate

Cost Capitalization.   Investments in real estate properties will be carried at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of 40 years for buildings, 20 years for land improvements and 5 to 12 years for computer, furniture, fixtures and equipment. Costs directly associated with the development of land and those incurred during construction are capitalized as part of the investment basis. Third-party acquisition costs will generally be expensed as incurred. Operating expenses incurred that are not related to the development and construction of the real estate investments are expensed as incurred. Repairs, maintenance and tenant turnover costs will be charged to expense as incurred and significant replacements and betterments will be capitalized. Repairs, maintenance and tenant turnover costs include all costs that do not extend the useful life of the real estate property. We will consider the period of future benefit of an asset to determine its appropriate useful life.

Real Estate Acquisition Valuation .  We will record the acquisition of income-producing real estate or real estate that will be used for the production of income as a business combination. All assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination will be measured at their acquisition-date fair values. Acquisition costs generally will be expensed as incurred and restructuring costs that do not meet the definition of a liability at the acquisition date will be expensed in periods subsequent to the acquisition date. In addition, changes in accounting for deferred tax asset valuation allowances and acquired income tax uncertainties after the measurement period will be recorded to income tax expense.

We will assess the acquisition-date fair values of all tangible assets, identifiable intangibles and assumed liabilities using methods similar to those used by independent appraisers ( e.g. , discounted cash flow analysis) and that utilize appropriate discount and/or capitalization rates and available market information. Estimates of future cash flows are based on a number of factors including historical operating results, known and anticipated trends, and market and economic conditions. The fair value of tangible assets of an acquired property considers the value of the property as if it were vacant.

We will record above-market and below-market in-place lease values for acquired properties based on the present value (using an interest rate that reflects the risks associated with the leases acquired) of the difference between (i) the contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to the in-place leases, and (ii) management’s estimate of fair market lease rates for the corresponding in-place leases, measured over a period equal to the remaining average non-cancelable term of the leases. We will amortize any recorded above-market or below-market lease values as a reduction or increase, respectively, to rental income over the remaining non-cancelable terms of the respective lease, including any option periods for below-market leases.

We will estimate the value of in-place leases by considering the estimated carrying costs during hypothetical expected lease-up periods, considering current market conditions. In estimating carrying costs, management will include real estate taxes, insurance and other operating expenses and estimates of lost rentals at market rates during the expected lease-up periods.

Intangible assets include the value of in-place leases, which represents the estimated value of the net cash flows of the in-place leases to be realized, as compared to the net cash flows that would have occurred had the property been vacant at the time of acquisition and subject to lease-up. Acquired in-place lease value will be amortized to operating expense over the average remaining non-cancelable terms of the respective in-place leases.

Estimates of the fair values of the tangible assets, identifiable intangibles and assumed liabilities will require us to make significant assumptions to estimate market lease rates, property-operating expenses, carrying costs during lease-up periods, discount rates, market absorption periods, and the number of years the property will be held for investment. The use of inappropriate assumptions would result in an incorrect valuation of our acquired tangible assets, identifiable intangibles and assumed liabilities, which would impact the amount of our net income.

Impairment of Real Estate and Related Intangible Assets and Liabilities.   We will monitor events and changes in circumstances that could indicate that the carrying amounts of its real estate and related intangible assets and liabilities may not be recoverable or realized. When indicators of potential impairment suggest that the carrying value of real estate and related intangible assets and liabilities may not be recoverable, we will

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assess the recoverability by estimating whether we will recover the carrying value of the real estate and related intangible assets and liabilities through its undiscounted future cash flows and its eventual disposition. If, based on this analysis, we do not believe that we will be able to recover the carrying value of the real estate and related intangible assets and liabilities, we would record an impairment loss to the extent that the carrying value exceeds the estimated fair value of the real estate and related intangible assets and liabilities.

Rents and Other Receivables

We will periodically evaluate the collectability of amounts due from tenants and will maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of tenants to make required payments under lease agreements. We will write off the balance of amounts due from tenants when we deem the amounts to be uncollectible.

Revenue Recognition

We expect to lease apartment units under operating leases with terms generally of one year or less. Generally, credit investigations will be performed for prospective residents and security deposits are obtained. Rental revenue, net of concessions, will be recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.

We will recognize gains on sales of real estate either in total or deferred for a period of time, depending on whether a sale has been consummated, the extent of the buyer’s investment in the property being sold, whether our receivable is subject to future subordination, and the degree of our continuing involvement with the property after the sale. If the criteria for profit recognition under the full-accrual method are not met, we will defer gain recognition and account for the continued operations of the property by applying the percentage-of-completion, reduced profit, deposit, installment or cost recovery method, as appropriate, until the appropriate criteria are met.

Other income, including interest earned on our cash, will be recognized as it is earned.

Income Taxes

We intend to elect to be taxed as a REIT and operate as such beginning with our taxable year ending December 31, 2011. We expect to have little or no taxable income prior to December 31, 2011. To qualify as a REIT, we must meet certain organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement to distribute at least 90% of our annual REIT taxable income to our stockholders (which is computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction or net capital gain and which does not equal net income as calculated in accordance with GAAP). As a REIT, we generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax to the extent we distribute qualifying dividends to our stockholders. If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on our taxable income at regular corporate income tax rates and generally will not be permitted to qualify for treatment as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year during which qualification is lost unless the IRS grants us relief under certain statutory provisions. Such an event could materially adversely affect our net income and net cash available for distribution to stockholders. However, we intend to organize and operate in such a manner as to qualify for treatment as a REIT.

Results of Operations

As of the date of this prospectus, we have not commenced any revenue-generating operations and will not commence any revenue-generating operations until we have completed the private placement offering and the underwritten offering. However, we have incurred costs associated with start-up and organizational activities, capital-raising activities and future property acquisitions.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity is a measure of our ability to meet potential cash requirements, including ongoing commitments to repay borrowings, fund and maintain our assets and operations, make distributions to our stockholders and other general business needs. We will use significant cash to purchase our target assets, repay principal and interest on our borrowings, make distributions to our stockholders and fund our operations. Initially, our sources of cash will consist of the net proceeds from the offerings, payments of principal and interest we receive on our portfolio of assets and cash generated from our operating results. In the future, we may use leverage to finance our assets through borrowings from a number of sources, including repurchase agreements, resecuritizations, securitizations, warehouse facilities and credit facilities (including term loans and revolving facilities).

We intend to utilize leverage in making our investments. The number of different investments we will acquire will be affected by numerous factors, including the amount of funds available to us. By operating on a leveraged basis, we will have more funds available for our investments. This will allow us to make more investments than would otherwise be possible, resulting in a larger and more diversified portfolio. See the section entitled “Risk Factors” included elsewhere in this prospectus for more information about the risks related to operating on a leveraged basis.

We have entered into purchase agreements for the acquisition of two properties from third parties affiliated with our manager. One purchase agreement is with Oxford Rise Partners LLC, a Georgia limited liability company, and WOF, which together own 100% of the membership interests in Oxford Rise JV, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, or Oxford Rise. The second purchase agreement is with Oxford Summit Development, LLC, a Georgia limited liability company, and Williams Realty Fund I, LLC, a Georgia limited liability company, which together own 100% of the membership interests in Oxford Summit Partners, LLC, a Georgia limited liability company, or Oxford Summit. The acquisitions will be for 100% of the membership interests in Oxford Rise and Oxford Summit, each of which owns one fee-simple multifamily apartment community. It is expected that these acquisitions will be consummated shortly after the completion of the offerings. We anticipate that the purchase price for the two properties will be paid with approximately $24.8 million from the proceeds of the offerings. In addition, while currently we do not have any financing commitments in connection with the acquisitions of Oxford Rise and Oxford Summit, we anticipate securing a first mortgage loan on each property from either Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac at approximately 65% of the total purchase price of each purchase, or approximately $19.5 million for Oxford Rise and approximately $21.6 million for Oxford Summit, or the Loans. We anticipate that each of the Loans will have a 30-year amortization period, will mature in seven years, and will either bear interest at a fixed rate of approximately 4.90% per annum, or bear interest on a floating rate with a spread of 3.05% to 3.20% per annum over 30-day LIBOR. We anticipate that the Loans will require monthly installments of interest only through the first three years and monthly installments of principal and interest throughout the remainder of their stated terms. We expect that the loan related to Oxford Rise only will be secured by the Oxford Rise property and that the loan related to Oxford Summit only will be secured by the Oxford Summit property. We expect that the loan documentation for the Loans will contain customary terms, covenants and other conditions for first mortgage debt of this type. While currently we do not have any financing commitments in place in connection with the acquisitions of the two properties, upon completion of the offerings we expect to execute commitment letters with either Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac and pay a fee equal to 2% of the loan proceeds for each of the two loans, which payments will be reimbursed to us at the closing of each Loan. If first mortgage financing is unavailable from Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac, we plan to prioritize the acquisition of the two properties and use the proceeds from the offering to acquire the Oxford Rise property. The Oxford Rise purchase agreement contains a potential earn out payment to the seller based on the results of appraisals to be prepared one year after closing. We expect any such earn out payment in connection with the Oxford Rise Property to be funded from operations or future offerings of debt or equity. See the section entitled “Description of Our Real Estate Investments” included elsewhere in this prospectus for a detailed description of our planned debt financing for these two potential acquisitions.

We intend to target leverage levels (secured and unsecured) between 50% and 65% of our tangible assets value on a portfolio basis. Neither our charter nor our by-laws contain any limitation on the amount of leverage we may use. Our investment guidelines, which can be amended by our board without stockholder

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approval, limit our borrowings (secured and unsecured) to 75% of the cost of our tangible assets at the time of any new borrowing. These targets, however, will not apply to individual real estate assets or investments. At the date of acquisition of each asset, we anticipate that the cost of investment for such asset will be substantially similar to its fair market value. However, subsequent events, including changes in the fair market value of our assets, could result in our exceeding these limits. See the section entitled “Business — Our Financing Strategy” included elsewhere in this prospectus for a detailed discussion of our borrowing policies.

Our secured and unsecured aggregate borrowings are intended by us to be reasonable in relation to our net assets and will be reviewed by our board of directors at least quarterly. In determining whether our borrowings are reasonable in relation to our net assets, we expect that our board of directors will consider many factors, including without limitation, the lending standards of government-sponsored enterprises, such as Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, for loans in connection with the financing of multifamily properties, the leverage ratios of publicly traded and non-traded REITs with similar investment strategies, whether we have positive leverage (in that, the board will compare the capitalization rates of our properties to the interest rates on the indebtedness of such properties) and general market conditions. There is no limitation on the amount that we may borrow for any single investment.

If we are unable to obtain financing on favorable terms or at all, we may have to curtail our investment activities, including acquisitions and improvements to and developments of real properties, which could limit our growth prospects. This, in turn, could reduce cash available for distribution to our stockholders and may hinder our ability to raise capital by issuing more stock or borrowing more money. We may be forced to dispose of assets at inopportune times in order to maintain our REIT qualification and Investment Company Act exemption.

Furthermore, if prevailing interest rates or other factors at the time of financing result in higher interest rates upon financing, then the interest expense relating to that financed indebtedness would be higher. Higher interest rates on newly incurred debt may negatively impact us as well. If interest rates increase, our interest costs and overall costs of capital will increase, which could adversely affect our transaction and development activity, financial condition, results of operation, cash flow, our ability to pay principal and interest on our debt and our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders. Finally, sellers may be less inclined to negotiate with us if they believe we may be unable to obtain financing.

Through February 14, 2011, the Company had entered into three separate financing arrangements with WOF as follows:

         
Date   Aggregate
Amount
  Nature   Interest
Rate
  Maturity
Date
  Purpose of Borrowing
September 2, 2010   $465,050   Term Loan   4.25%   March 31, 2011   Organization, offering, acquisition and due diligence costs
October 12, 2010   $1,000,000 (1)   Line of Credit   4.25%   March 31, 2011   Organization, offering and property acquisition costs
October 12, 2010   $1,000,000 (2)   Revolving Line of Credit   4.25%   March 31, 2011   Fund deposits and escrow requirements related to property acquisitions

(1) $1,000,000 outstanding as of February 14, 2011.
(2) $52,258.90 outstanding as of February 14, 2011.

It is expected that the amounts borrowed under these arrangements will be repaid with proceeds from the offerings and the anticipated secured and unsecured borrowings as described above.

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

As of February 14, 2011, we had three outstanding promissory notes each given to WOF. The first note represents funds borrowed on September 2, 2010 from WOF for payment of organization and offering expenses in the amount of $465,050. The second and third notes evidence lines of credit extended on October 12, 2010 from WOF for expenses and for deposits, each in the amount of $1,000,000. See the table above in “ — Liquidity and Capital Resources” regarding the amount outstanding as of February 14, 2011

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with respect to such lines of credit. Each of the three notes has an interest rate of 4.25% per annum and all amounts due thereunder are due on March 31, 2011, including all accrued and unpaid interest on such note.

We have identified two real estate investments for potential acquisition. We have entered into purchase agreements with third parties affiliated with our manager, for the purchase of 100% of the membership interests in each of Oxford Rise JV, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and Oxford Summit Partners, LLC, a Georgia limited liability company, each of which owns one fee-simple multifamily apartment community. The acquisition price for each property was determined pursuant to the appraisals of two independent real estate appraisers. It is expected that these acquisitions will be consummated shortly after the completion of the offerings. The purchase price for the two properties will be paid from proceeds of the offerings as well as proceeds obtained, if any, from planned debt financing activities (see “ — Liquidity and Capital Resources” above). In addition, the Oxford Rise purchase agreement contains a potential earn out payment to the seller based on the results of appraisals to be prepared one year after closing.

We have entered into an amended and restated management agreement with our manager, pursuant to which our manager will be entitled to receive a base management fee and the reimbursement of certain expenses, and may earn incentive distributions. See the section entitled “Our Manager and Management Agreement” included elsewhere in this prospectus. Our manager will use the proceeds from its management fee in part to pay compensation to its officers and personnel who, notwithstanding that certain of them also are our officers, will receive no cash compensation directly from us.

Dividends

We intend to make regular quarterly distributions to holders of our common stock. U.S. federal income tax law generally requires that a REIT distribute annually at least 90% of its REIT taxable income, without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gain, and that it pay tax at regular corporate rates to the extent that it annually distributes less than 100% of its net taxable income. We intend to pay regular quarterly dividends to our common stockholders in an amount equal to the balance of our net taxable income, if and to the extent authorized by our board of directors. Before we pay any dividend, whether for U.S. federal income tax purposes or otherwise, we must first meet both our operating requirements and debt service if any. If our cash available for distribution is less than our net taxable income, we could be required to sell assets or borrow funds to make cash distributions or we may make a portion of the required distribution in the form of a taxable stock distribution or distribution of debt securities. While we currently do not intend to use the proceeds of the offerings to make distributions to our stockholders, if we do not have enough cash to make distributions, we may borrow money, receive advances from our manager, request that our manager defer, suspend and/or waive its fees and expense reimbursements or use the offering proceeds to fund distributions.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of the date of this prospectus, we have no off-balance sheet arrangements.

Inflation

Virtually all of our assets and liabilities will be interest rate sensitive in nature. As a result, interest rates and other factors may influence our performance more so than inflation. Changes in interest rates do not necessarily correlate with inflation rates or changes in inflation rates. Furthermore, our financial statements will be prepared in accordance with GAAP and any distributions we may make to our stockholders will be determined by our board of directors primarily based on our taxable income and, in each case, our activities and balance sheet will be measured with reference to historical cost and/or fair market value without considering inflation.

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Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

We seek to manage our risks related to the credit quality of our assets, interest rates, liquidity, prepayment speeds and market value while, at the same time, seeking to provide an opportunity to stockholders to realize attractive risk-adjusted returns through ownership of our capital stock. While we do not seek to avoid risk completely, we believe the risk can be quantified from the past experience of our sponsor, our manager and their respective affiliates and seek to actively manage that risk, to earn sufficient compensation to justify taking those risks and to maintain capital levels consistent with the risks we undertake.

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PRIOR PERFORMANCE SUMMARY

Prior Performance of Affiliates of Our Sponsor

The information presented in this section represents information on prior programs organized by John A. Williams and his affiliates to invest in real estate. Prospective investors should not assume they will experience returns comparable to those experienced by investors in past real estate programs sponsored by affiliates of our sponsor. Further, by purchasing our shares, investors will not acquire an ownership interest in any partnerships or corporations to which the following information relates. The private funds discussed in this section were conducted through privately held entities that were not subject to the up-front commissions, fees and expenses associated with the underwritten offering nor the laws and regulations that will apply to us as a publicly offered and publicly listed REIT.

The information contained herein is included solely to provide prospective investors with background to be used to evaluate the real estate experience of our sponsor and his affiliates. The information summarized below is set forth in greater detail in the Prior Performance Tables included in this prospectus. Investors should direct their attention to the Prior Performance Tables for further information regarding the prior performance of the sponsor and his affiliates. In addition, as part of our registration statement, we have filed certain tables with the Securities and Exchange Commission which report detailed information regarding Program Property acquisitions by prior programs. Investors can obtain copies of such tables, without charge, by requesting Table VI — Acquisition of Properties by Programs from Part II of this registration statement from us.

THE INFORMATION IN THIS SECTION AND THE TABLES REFERENCED HEREIN SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED AS INDICATIVE OF HOW WE WILL PERFORM. THIS DISCUSSION REFERS TO THE PERFORMANCE OF PRIOR PROGRAMS AND PROPERTIES SPONSORED BY OUR SPONSOR OR HIS AFFILIATES OVER THE PERIODS LISTED THEREIN. IN ADDITION, THE TABLES INCLUDED WITH THIS PROSPECTUS (WHICH REFLECT RESULTS OVER THE PERIODS SPECIFIED IN EACH TABLE) DO NOT MEAN THAT WE WILL MAKE INVESTMENTS COMPARABLE TO THOSE REFLECTED IN SUCH TABLES. IF YOU PURCHASE SHARES IN PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES, INC., YOU WILL NOT HAVE ANY OWNERSHIP INTEREST IN ANY OF THE REAL ESTATE PROGRAMS DESCRIBED IN THE TABLES (UNLESS YOU ARE ALSO AN INVESTOR IN THOSE REAL ESTATE PROGRAMS).

Post Properties

Our sponsor founded Post Properties, Inc. (PPS: NYSE), or Post Properties, in 1970, and directed its activities as a private company until 1993, by which time Post Properties had become a vertically integrated real estate company with over 14,000 apartment units and over 900 employees. Post Properties completed an initial public offering, or IPO, of its shares in 1993. From IPO through 2002, Post Properties developed or acquired an additional 52 properties totaling 17,702 apartment units. Mr. Williams continued as Chief Executive Officer of Post Properties until July 2002 and as Chairman of the Post Properties board of directors until March 2003, at which time Post Properties had a total of 79 properties containing 29,199 units and a total market capitalization of approximately $2.9 billion. Since its founding, Post Properties focused on the development, acquisition, management, and ownership of upscale multifamily apartment communities in Georgia, Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Mississippi, New York, North Carolina, Tennessee, Texas and the greater Washington D.C. metropolitan area.

Development Funds

Williams Realty Fund I

In February of 2005, Williams Realty Advisors, LLC, or WRA, an affiliate of our sponsor, commenced the operations of Williams Realty Fund I, LLC, a private, closed-end real estate development program, or Fund I. Mr. Williams is Chief Executive Officer of WRA, the sole manager of Fund I. Fund I closed with $100 million of capital commitments from 91 investors in November of 2005. As of September 30, 2010, this fund has committed approximately $101.5 million in capital to 34 separate real estate development projects. Fund I’s primary strategy was to invest in real estate development projects across a variety of property types. Fund I’s investments are spread across several property types including rental apartments, for-sale condominiums, retail, senior housing, industrial warehouse, hotels, residential lots and office.

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The properties developed under Fund I are broken down as follows by aggregate project development costs: apartments — 32.3%, condominiums — 10.7%, hotel-condominiums — 17.6%, mixed-use — 6.9%, retail — 5.9%, hotel — 8.0%, senior residential — 8.2%, residential lots — 4.1%, industrial warehouse —  4.8% and office — 1.5%. As of September 30, 2010, all of Fund I’s properties are located in the United States and, based on aggregate project development costs, are 91.8% in the Southeast and 8.2% in the Mid-Atlantic. The aggregate budgeted costs for development of Fund I’s projects total over $1 billion. In addition to Fund I’s investments, these projects are financed with first mortgages from banks and other financial institutions, mezzanine debt, and equity co-investment from various sources. All the properties in Fund I are new construction. As of September 30, 2010, ten properties have been sold, yielding an internal rate of return based on actual cash distributions to Fund I for assets sold of approximately 20.8% to Fund I (before fees and expenses) and approximately 16.7% to Fund I (after fees and expenses have been allocated to the sold assets) and generating approximately $25 million in cash distributions by Fund I to its investors that is approximately a 13.5% internal rate of return to Fund I's investors with respect to the assets sold, where all such distributions to Fund I’s investors have been paid from the sale and/or refinancing of Fund I’s properties and none of such distributions have been paid from cash generated by operations. However, when all of Fund I’s asset dispositions as of September 30, 2010 are included (including any assets lost to a foreclosure, a deed in lieu of foreclosure or any other disposition that is not an arm’s-length sale), the internal rate of return based on actual cash distributions to Fund I from all disposed assets is approximately -23.2% to Fund I (before fees and expenses) and approximately -30.6% to Fund I (after fees and expenses have been allocated to all of the disposed assets) and the approximately $25 million in cash distributions by Fund I to its investors is approximately a -32.9% internal rate of return with respect to all disposed assets. Because of the development nature of Fund I and its investment in multiple property types, its investment objectives are not similar to ours.

The combination of the downturn in the economy and lingering effects of the U.S. financial crisis has severely impacted the residential and commercial real estate markets. Real estate values have decreased significantly, and the lack of credit has made refinancing or selling commercial real estate hard in today’s market. Consequently, Fund I’s transaction activity has been severely curtailed. As a result of these difficult conditions, the remaining assets in Fund I face formidable challenges. Any project with a residential for-sale component, such as condos or lots, faces significantly longer sell-out periods and lower sales prices than originally anticipated. Fund I’s retail, hotel, and senior rental projects face more protracted lease-up periods and lower rents than originally anticipated. Even Fund I’s apartment properties, which are generally stabilized at 95%+ occupancy (except one project still in lease-up), have suffered a significant diminution in value due to lower rental rates and increased cap rates.

Another challenge exists with respect to existing loans. A majority of Fund I’s projects were commenced in 2005 and 2006 and were financed with three year construction loans, typically with extension options. Many of these loans have matured or will mature in the near future. Others projects have exhausted the interest carry allowances in their construction loan budgets. Since Fund I investments, like other borrowers, have few, if any, refinancing or recapitalization options available in today’s market, existing lenders must either extend these loans or take back the underlying properties. Fund I’s strategy is to attempt to work out acceptable loan extensions with its existing lenders that will enable it to hold these properties until they can be stabilized and sold in a more favorable transaction market. As of September 30, 2010, Fund I had seven loans related to six of its properties that were in default and that represented approximately 31.7% of Fund I’s projects’ outstanding indebtedness. As of September 30, 2010, Fund I lost through short sales, foreclosures and deeds in lieu of foreclosure the following projects that, in the aggregate, constituted approximately 21.8% of Fund I’s invested capital: (1) a project with 70 residential lots located in Atlanta, Georgia in which Fund I’s investment of approximately $3.2 million was lost in a short sale in December 2009; (2) a project with 45 condominiums and a 127-room hotel located in Atlanta, Georgia in which Fund I’s investment of approximately $12.5 million was lost in a foreclosure sale in February 2010; (3) a project with 94 condominiums located in Atlanta, Georgia in which Fund I’s investment of approximately $1.6 million was lost in a foreclosure sale in May 2010; (4) a project with 232 apartments located in Atlanta, Georgia in which Fund I’s investment of approximately $0.4 million was lost through a deed in lieu of foreclosure in June 2010; and (5) a project with 65 condominiums located in Nashville, Tennessee in which Fund I’s investment of approximately $4.5 million was lost in a short sale in September 2010.

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After September 30, 2010 and prior to the date of this prospectus, Fund I disposed of the following three additional properties through two sales transactions and a foreclosure: (1) a project with approximately 133,000 square feet of retail space located in Kennesaw, Georgia, in which Fund I’s investment of approximately $3.4 million was lost in a foreclosure sale in October 2010; (2) a project with 230 apartments located in Tampa, Florida was sold in December 2010 in an open market sale where Fund I received aggregate actual cash distributions of approximately $0.62 million from its investment of approximately $0.5 million; and (3) Fund I’s interest in a project with 265 apartments located in Williamsburg, Virginia was sold in January 2011 to Fund I’s joint venture partner where Fund I received aggregate actual cash distributions of approximately $2.34 million from its investment of approximately $0.9 million. If these subsequent dispositions are included in Fund I's return calculations, the internal rate of return based on actual cash distributions to Fund I from all disposed assets is approximately -19.6% to Fund I (before fees and expenses) and approximately -33.7% to Fund I (after fees and expenses have been allocated to all of the disposed assets through September 30, 2010) and the approximately $25 million in cash distributions by Fund I to its investors is approximately a -39.1% internal rate of return with respect to all disposed assets. In addition, the disposition of these three additional properties would reduce Fund I's projects’ loans in default from seven loans related to six of its properties to six loans related to five of its properties and these six loans in default would be reduced to representing approximately 25.1% of Fund I’s projects’ outstanding indebtedness (as of September 30, 2010 other than as adjusted for the two additional properties lost). After September 30, 2010 and prior to the date of this prospectus, (1) one of Fund I’s pre-development projects that was in default (that represented approximately 5.0% of Fund I’s projects’ outstanding indebtedness at September 30, 2010) was sold in a short sale to a new entity in which Fund I has an interest; and (2) Fund I has agreed with the lender on another project that is in default (that represented approximately 8.1% of Fund I’s projects’ outstanding indebtedness at September 30, 2010) to sell the project in a transaction where it is anticipated that the lender would be paid in full.

In addition, after September 30, 2010 and prior to the date of this prospectus, Fund I has two additional properties that have a total of three loans in default that could result in a total loss of Fund I's investment as follows: (1) Fund I has agreed to terms with the lender with two loans on a project with approximately 120 residential lots located in Atlanta, Georgia in which Fund I’s investment of $0.5 million would likely be lost in either a deed in lieu of foreclosure or a short sale; and (2) the lender on a pre-development project located in Hyopluxo, Florida has filed a foreclosure action against the project which, if determined adversely to Fund I, would result in Fund I losing its entire $3 million investment. If these two potential dispositions are included in Fund I’s return calculations as a total loss of investment, the internal rate of return based on actual cash distributions to Fund I from all disposed and potentially disposed assets is approximately -22.4% to Fund I (before fees and expenses) and approximately -37.3% to Fund I (after fees and expenses have been allocated to all of the disposed assets through September 30, 2010) and the approximately $25 million in cash distributions by Fund I to its investors is approximately a -42.5% internal rate of return with respect to all disposed assets. Finally, assuming the loss of these two additional properties along with the closing of the two workout agreements would reduce Fund I’s projects’ loans in default from five loans related to four of its properties to no loans in default.

In addition to the above, it will be much more difficult to resolve situations where the cash flow is insufficient to service the debt. As of September 30, 2010, Fund I had two properties with insufficient cash flow to cover debt service payments, which represent in the aggregate approximately 4.1% of Fund I's invested capital. One of the two Fund I properties with insufficient cash flow to cover its debt service payments is a 193-unit senior independent living facility in Atlanta, Georgia that represents approximately 2.8% of Fund I's invested capital. While some leasing progress has been made, the property was 28% occupied as of December 31, 2010 and the independent living sector continues to face difficult market conditions. Fund I has discontinued funding additional capital for this project. However, its joint venture partner has contributed additional capital to enable the project to make full debt service payments as the developer and the joint venture partner work to put in place a redesign of a portion of the project to better meet market demand. While Fund I’s joint venture partner is currently making contributions of additional capital to allow the project to make full debt service payments, there is no assurance that it will continue to do so and there is a material risk that Fund I could lose its entire investment in the property in the future. The other project with insufficient cash flow to cover its debt service payments is a former residential lot

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development site that has been converted to a multifamily development site in Hampton Roads, Virginia that represents approximately 1.3% of Fund I's invested capital. Full debt service payments on this multifamily site are currently being made by the developer of this property as the developer works to put in place a plan to fully develop the property. While the developer is currently making debt service payments, there is no assurance that it will continue to do so and there is a material risk that Fund I could lose its entire investment in the property. It is likely that Fund I’s investment in a number of the remaining projects will suffer either partial or, in some cases, complete losses. Finally, in connection with the economic downturn, Fund I disclosed fair values below its book values for certain assets in its December 31, 2008 and its December 31, 2009 financial statements and recognized impairments related to a number of its assets.

Williams Opportunity Fund

In February of 2007, WRA commenced the operations of Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC, a private, closed-end real estate fund. Mr. Williams is Chief Executive Officer of WRA, the sole manager of WOF. WOF closed with over $103 million of capital commitments from 82 investors in March of 2008. As of September 30, 2010, WOF has committed approximately $67.6 million in capital to 20 separate real estate projects. WOF’s primary strategy is to invest in real estate projects across a variety of property types and markets, including rental apartments, retail/mixed-use, hotels, self-storage and office.

The properties developed under WOF are broken down as follows by aggregate project costs: apartments —  57.5%, retail/mixed-use — 1.2%, hotel — 34.8%, self-storage — 1.3% and office — 5.2%. As of September 30, 2010, all WOF’s properties are located in the United States and, based on aggregate project development costs, are 71.3% in the Southeast, 23.9% in the Mid-Atlantic and 4.8% in the Northeast. As of September 30, 2010, the aggregate budgeted costs for WOF’s projects totaled approximately $617.5 million. In addition to WOF’s investments, these projects are financed with first mortgages from banks and other financial institutions, mezzanine debt, and equity co-investment from various sources. All the properties currently in WOF are new construction. As of September 30, 2010, one property has been sold, yielding an internal rate of return based on actual cash distributions to WOF for the asset sold of approximately 21.2% to WOF (before fees and expenses) and approximately 15.5% to WOF (after fees and expenses have been allocated to the sold asset) and generating approximately $7.5 million in cash distributions by WOF to its investors that is approximately a 19.4% internal rate of return to WOF's investors with respect to the asset sold, where all such distributions have been paid from the sale or refinancing of WOF’s properties and none of such distributions have been paid from cash generated by operations. Because of the nature of WOF and its investment in multiple property types, its investment objectives are not similar to ours.

The combination of the downturn in the economy and the lingering effects of the U.S. financial crisis has severely impacted the residential and commercial real estate markets. Liquidity and credit for the real estate industry remain scarce. Consequently, WOF’s transaction and development activity has been severely curtailed. As a result of these difficult conditions, WOF faces issues in securing the debt and co-equity required to move forward with existing projects in the pre-development stage. In addition, because of limited options for leverage levels consistent with WOF’s targets, the program may have a difficult time deploying all of its called capital in a timely fashion in investments that meet WOF’s targeted investment profile, which could adversely impact WOF’s overall results. Another challenge exists with respect to existing loans related to properties in the pre-development phase. Two of WOF’s projects in pre-development have exhausted their carrying cost reserves and have reached maturity on their pre-development loans. Since these WOF investments, like other borrowers holding properties for future development, have few, if any, refinancing/recapitalization options available in today’s market, existing lenders must either extend these loans or take back the underlying properties. WOF’s strategy is to attempt to work out acceptable loan extensions with its projects’ existing lenders that will enable it to hold these properties until they can be recapitalized in connection with starting construction of the applicable projects. As of September 30, 2010, WOF had three loans related to three of its properties that were in default, which represent approximately 19.1% of WOF’s projects’ outstanding indebtedness. After September 30, 2010 and prior to the date of this prospectus: (1) WOF acquired the property underlying one of its loans in default (that represented approximately 1.1% of WOF’s projects’ outstanding indebtedness at September 30, 2010) in connection with a discounted payoff to the existing lender and WOF now owns the underlying property debt free; (2) the borrower of one of WOF’s projects that has a loan in default (that represented approximately 3.9% of WOF’s projects’ outstanding

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indebtedness at September 30, 2010) has filed for a judicial declaration that the underlying debt is no longer valid on the basis that such debt was allegedly released by the lender pursuant to a written agreement; and (3) WOF’s interest in a project with 216 apartments located in Royersford, Pennsylvania was sold in January 2011 to WOF’s development partner in the project where WOF received aggregate actual cash distributions of approximately $0.56 million from its investment of approximately $0.8 million. If the one subsequent disposition described above is included in WOF’s return calculations, the internal rate of return based on actual cash distributions to WOF from all disposed assets is approximately 16.4% to WOF (before fees and expenses) and approximately 15.5% to WOF (after fees and expenses have been allocated to all the disposed assets through September 30, 2010) and the approximately $7.5 million in cash distributions by WOF to its investors is approximately a 10.7% internal rate of return with respect to all the disposed assets. In addition, on November 3, 2010, the borrower for one of the three loans in default that represented approximately 14.1% of WOF’s projects’ outstanding indebtedness at September 30, 2010 filed for bankruptcy protection under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code and subsequently the lender for this loan in default filed a lawsuit against WOF for performance of its guarantee of the loan. WOF believes it has meritorious defenses against the guarantee performance claim and plans to pursue such defenses vigorously. In addition to its projects’ loans in default, as of September 30, 2010, WOF had a self-storage property in Atlanta, Georgia with insufficient cash flow to cover its debt service payments and that represents approximately 1.7% of WOF's invested capital. However, while operating cash flow is currently insufficient to cover debt service payments at this property, WOF has made, and plans to continue to make, small capital infusions to ensure that debt service payments will be made in full. The property is expected to have operating cash flow to sufficient cover its debt service payments in early 2011. Finally, in connection with the economic downturn, WOF disclosed fair values below its book values for certain assets in its December 31, 2009 financial statements and recognized impairments related to a number of its assets.

Williams Multifamily Acquisition Fund

In April of 2007, WRA commenced operations of Williams Multifamily Acquisition Fund, or the Acquisition Fund. Mr. Williams is the Chief Executive Officer of WRA, the sole manager of the Acquisition Fund’s sole general partner. The investors in the Acquisition Fund committed $300 million in equity for the purpose of acquiring select multifamily rental properties in accordance with a prescribed value-add strategy. As of June 30, 2009, the date the investment period during which the Acquisition Fund could acquire new assets expired, the Acquisition Fund had acquired nine apartment communities with an aggregate of almost 3,200 units and totaling approximately $339.5 million in costs. On a same store basis, the Acquisition Fund's portfolio experienced net operating income (NOI) growth of approximately -1.9% from 2008 to 2009. The Acquisition Fund's same store results for 2008 to 2009 represent seven assets comprising 2,296 units that were owned for all of 2008 and 2009. NOI is defined as total revenues less operating expenses and excludes capital expenditures and debt service. The Acquisition Fund's same store growth was approximately 8.1% from 2009 to 2010. The same store results for 2009 to 2010 represent nine assets and 3,199 units that were owned for all of 2009 and 2010. As of December 31, 2010, all of the Acquisition Fund’s properties are located in the United States and, based on aggregate total capitalization, are 62.7% in the Southeast and 37.3% in the Southwest. All properties of the Acquisition Fund have been acquired in the past three years and no program assets have been sold. As of December 31, 2010, approximately $124.2 million of capital has been called and contributed. The Acquisition Fund’s objective was to employ leverage up to 65% of the value of the program’s assets as part of its strategy to generate competitive internal rates of return, net of management fees, over an eight to ten-year period. The Acquisition Fund has an investment objective that is similar to ours.

The combination of the downturn in the economy and the lingering effects of the U.S. financial crisis has severely impacted the multifamily residential real estate markets. Real estate values have decreased significantly, and the lack of credit has made refinancing or selling commercial real estate hard in today’s market. Consequently, the Acquisition Fund’s disposition activity has been severely curtailed. Because of the difficult times, the Acquisition Fund’s projects currently face increased vacancy rates and lower market rents than originally anticipated, both of which have adversely affected the current revenues of the program. In addition, all the Acquisition Fund’s assets have seen a diminution in value due to upward movement in cap rates. Finally, as of December 31, 2010, the Acquisition Fund had not yet paid any distributions to its investors.

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The adverse market conditions noted above also may cause total returns to the investors in the Acquisition Fund to be lower than originally projected. However, in light of the current downturn in the multifamily residential real estate market, and the fact that all the Acquisition Fund’s current debt financings do not have maturities until 2012 or later, the current business plans for this program do not contemplate any asset dispositions in the near future. Therefore total returns to investors in this program are unknown at this time.

Adverse Business Developments and Conditions

As noted above, neither Fund I nor WOF has paid distributions from cash generated by operations. Furthermore, the Acquisition Fund, which has an investment objective that is similar to ours, had not yet paid any distributions to its investors as of December 31, 2010. The adverse market conditions have severely impacted various real estate markets. As more fully described above, Fund I’s transaction activity and the Acquisition Fund’s disposition activity have been severely curtailed, and WOF faces issues in securing the debt and co-equity required to move forward with existing projects in the pre-development stage. In addition, as discussed above, Fund I has lost six properties through short sales, foreclosures and deeds in lieu of foreclosure.

The information summarized herein is set forth in greater detail in the Prior Performance Tables included elsewhere in this prospectus. Investors should direct their attention to the Prior Performance Tables for further information regarding the prior performance of the sponsor and his affiliates.

Other than as disclosed above, there have been no major adverse business developments or conditions experienced by any program or non-program property that would be material to investors, including as a result of recent general economic conditions.

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BUSINESS

Our Company

We are a Maryland corporation formed to acquire multifamily properties in select targeted markets throughout the United States. As a secondary strategy, we also may acquire senior mortgage loans, subordinate loans or mezzanine debt secured by interests in multifamily properties, membership or partnership interests in multifamily properties and other multifamily assets as determined by our manager as appropriate for us. We refer to these asset classes as our target assets.

Our promoters are John A. Williams and Leonard A. Silverstein. We will be externally managed and advised by Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, which is controlled by John A. Williams, our sponsor and a veteran of and expert in the multifamily industry with over four decades of experience, including the founding of one of the nation’s premier multifamily real estate investment trusts, Post Properties, Inc. (NYSE:PPS), and Leonard A. Silverstein. Pursuant to the terms of a management agreement between our manager and us, our manager will be responsible for administering our day-to-day business operations, identifying and acquiring targeted real estate investments, overseeing the management of the investments, handling the disposition of the real estate investments and providing us with our management team and appropriate support personnel.

We also will benefit from Mr. Williams’ current organization and platform that specializes in multifamily real estate investment and management. With operations in over 20 nationwide markets, Mr. Williams’ organization includes (i) Williams Realty Advisors, LLC, or WRA — a full service investment management firm, (ii) Williams Asset Management, LLC, or WAM — a full service acquisition, asset management and disposition firm, and (iii) RAM Partners, LLC, or RAM, and Williams Residential Management, LLC, or WRM — both full service property level management firms. RAM provides third party services and WRM handles all owned assets within the Williams umbrella group. Collectively, RAM and WRM manage over 31,000 multifamily units. We believe these organizations provide the full range of services necessary to fulfill our investment objectives and we will benefit from their depth and breadth of experience in a number of ways, including, but not limited to: (i) our manager’s intent to contract directly with each of these firms to provide a substantial portion of the services our manager is required to provide in connection with running our day-to-day operations under the management agreement with us, and (ii) key employees of these firms serving as our officers and as officers of our manager.

Our manager intends to brand all apartment communities owned by the Company as “A Preferred Apartment Community”, to make “A Preferred Apartment Community” a trademarked logo and ultimate tagline for each of our communities that will signify certain brand and management standards, and intends to obtain all rights to the trademarks, including federal registration of the trademarks with the United States Patent and Trademark Office, to secure such brand in connection with such branding. There can be no assurance that such trademarks will be issued. The strategy will allow each individual community to be part of a centralized marketing and advertising campaign, in addition to property level marketing and advertising. We expect that these campaigns will enhance further the individual property’s presence in the marketplace, and we believe that this will allow our communities to be perceived as premier over other properties within the marketplace. Our manager intends to enter into a non-exclusive license agreement with the Company as licensee with respect to all intellectual property of the manager other than trademarks. The license agreement will terminate automatically upon termination of our management agreement or will terminate upon a material breach of the license agreement that remains uncured for more than 30 days after receipt of notice of such breach. If the trademarks relating to the “A Preferred Apartment Community” brand are issued, our manager intends to enter into a non-exclusive license agreement with the Company as licensee with respect to the manager’s trademarks on substantially similar terms as the initial intellectual property license agreement.

Our Manager

Our manager will be Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, which is controlled by John A. Williams and Leonard A. Silverstein.

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John A. Williams

John A. Williams has directed and coordinated the development, construction, and management of real estate developments for more than four decades. Over the course of his career, he has directed and coordinated the development, construction, and management of more than $5 billion in real estate developments. Approximately $3.5 billion of this activity has focused on multifamily housing, with the balance in other property types including hotels, condominiums and offices. Mr. Williams founded Post Properties, Inc. in 1970. He took Post Properties, Inc. public as a REIT in 1993. When he resigned as Chairman of Post Properties in 2003, the company had over 30,000 apartment units and had averaged Funds from Operation (FFO) growth of 7% per year commencing with the initial public offering.

Mr. Williams has been a national leader in the urban development concept. He is widely credited with coining the phrases “Smart Growth” and “Live, Work, Play.” His urban mixed-use projects have won numerous local and national awards. He was also an early pioneer in green development having advocated for recycling in apartment communities, superior insulation, energy efficient appliances, and environmentally conscious building materials. His early efforts and vision led to many of the LEED standards that are used today.

Among the 40 awards, honors and medals Mr. Williams has received over his 42 years of success in the industry include being named “Entrepreneur of The Year,” by both Stanford Business School and Ernst & Young in 1990 and 1988 respectively. He has been given The Wall Street Transcript “CEO Award for Commercial Real Estate,” in 1995 along with being named “CEO of The Year,” by Financial World, in 1996. Mr. Williams was listed on National Real Estate Investor’s list of “The 20th Century’s Most Influential Developers,” along with Atlanta Business Chronicle’s award for “Atlanta Residential Developer of The Decade,” for the 1990’s; followed by, Harvard Business School extending its “Community Leadership Award” to Mr. Williams in 2000. He has received numerous honors and awards from Cobb County, Georgia including, “The Mack Henderson Public Service Award,” in 2005. Mr. Williams was inducted into the Multi-Housing News Hall of Fame: First Class in 2004, and given the Four Pillar Award in 2007 by The Council for Quality Growth. In the spring of 2008, Mr. Williams was inducted into the Georgia State University J. Mack Robinson College of Business Hall of Fame as well as the Georgia Institute of Technology College of Management Hall of Fame.

While serving as the initial Chairman of the Cobb-Marietta Coliseum and Exhibit Hall Authority, Mr. Williams was responsible for leading the effort to build the $200 million Exhibition Meeting Venue and Ballroom complex. These facilities were completed in 1995. The large ballroom, one of the largest in the south, was named “The John A. Williams Ballroom.” He also led the effort to build the state-of-the-art Cobb Energy Performing Arts Centre which cost $150 million. The 2,800 seat main theatre is named “The John A. Williams Theatre.”

See the section “Management — Our Directors and Executive Officers” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Market Opportunities

In the wake of the recent financial system troubles and downturn in the United States economy, multifamily assets have seen a dramatic drop in their value as the combination of higher capitalization rates and dwindling incomes has created formidable headwinds for operators across the country. Many transactions consummated in the last five years were highly leveraged with favorable financing terms. In many instances, the terms of these deals are about to expire or the debt associated with these deals is about to mature. These transactions present problems for undercapitalized owners as the ability to refinance has diminished significantly and the only options that may be available are a sale at a dramatic discount to their basis or foreclosure. However, based on the lack of new supply projected for the next several years, the expected rebound in the general economy, the introduction of the “echo boom” generation into the market and the dwindling rate of homeownership, we believe this stress in the market will create multiple opportunities for acquisitions.

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Supply Constraints :  With the economic conditions curtailing financing and construction, we believe the new supply pipeline will soon contract to a low not seen in recent history. As can be seen from the charts below, permits for multifamily construction have diminished to an average of around 120,000 units permitted annually. In addition, we believe that for the period from 2010 to 2015 the U.S. apartment stock will lose an average of 118,000 units per year to obsolescence or conversion to other uses. We believe that this combination should result in a few years of net completions of new units being near zero, as completions should equal units taken from the market. As the economy rebounds and demand for apartment inventory increases, we believe that there will be for an extended period of time a significant shortage of new supply for the development sector to rebuild its infrastructure and resume new construction of units. We believe this window of opportunity will allow owners with desirable product to experience rent growth and enhanced occupancy levels as the market expands and supply struggles to keep pace.

[GRAPHIC MISSING]

[GRAPHIC MISSING]

* Based on U.S. Census Bureau data as presented by Axiometrics, Inc.

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Economic Improvement :  While the overall economy struggles to show consistent signs of improvement, we believe that multifamily seems to be the most resilient sector in the market. We believe that the historical correlation between job growth and absorption has not applied. As demonstrated in the chart below, since the third quarter of 2008, apartment absorption on a year-over-year basis has outperformed the corresponding drop in employment, with absorption posting only modest declines in the face of dramatic job losses. We believe that the rental demand for single family rental product (which accounted for a large “shadow market” in many cities) has dropped significantly, providing relatively more demand for traditional multifamily rental product.

Apartment Absorption Rate vs. Job Growth Rate*

[GRAPHIC MISSING]

* Based on Witten Advisors Third Quarter 2010 Markets Update and Strategy Presentation and U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Rate of Homeownership :  One of the most significant contributors to the projection for new demand for rental units is the level of homeownership in the United States. As of June 30, 2010, the home ownership rate was approximately 66.9%, down from a high of approximately 69.2% in 2004 (figures based on U.S. Census Bureau data). Based on industry sources, we believe that, while the current economic weakness probably will ease at some point in late 2010 or 2011, an increase in homeownership rates is unlikely for a much longer period of time and the current downward trend shown in chart below will continue on its current trajectory.

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U.S. Historical & Projected Homeownership Rate

[GRAPHIC MISSING]

* Source: Figures based on U.S. Census Bureau data and related Arthur C. Nelson forecast (Metropolitan Research Center, University of Utah).

Given the more stringent scrutiny from lenders and regulators alike that has been occurring, the erosion of wealth in the housing sector over the last four years, the decline in overall household income and the dramatic increase in unemployment, we expect the propensity to rent likely will continue to increase in the near term. Based on current U.S. Census Bureau data, from a demographic standpoint, there is a large population bubble of Americans under the age of 30 who will be candidates for home ownership now or in the near future; however, we believe it is likely that the current climate will compel them to delay the decision to purchase a home until they are on firmer economic footing. In addition, we believe the requirements for a mortgage may continue to be stringent and that this group may find it more attractive to rent for a longer period of time until they can qualify for a desirable home. All these factors lead us to believe that an improvement in demand for the apartment market will occur as the rental pool grows in a climate where little supply is being created.

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Echo Boom Generation :  As shown in the chart of U.S. Census Bureau data below, there are approximately 84 million “echo boomers” in the population currently, more than their “Baby Boomers” parents who number approximately 76.9 million. The echo boomers were born between 1977 and 1996 and the bulk of them are currently working their way into the market (age range in 2008 was 12 – 31). For school year 2009 – 2010 more people registered at universities in the United States than at any other time in history. This trend is not expected to abate anytime in the near future. As these people graduate and work their way into the market, the pool of educated, employed and qualified renters will increase dramatically.

Population by Age

[GRAPHIC MISSING]

* Based on U.S. Census Bureau data (December 2002 – July 2008).

Our Competitive Strengths

We believe that we distinguish ourselves from our competitors through the following competitive advantages:

experienced management team with significant expertise in real estate and real estate-related debt investments and capital markets;
access to a pipeline of investment opportunities;
benefits from our relationship with our manager and its affiliates; and
dedicated asset management team.

Our Investment Strategy

We will seek to maximize returns for our stockholders by taking advantage of the current environment in the real estate market created by the recent United States financial crisis and downturn in the United States economy. While occupancy and capitalization rates in the multifamily sector have rebounded in recent months, apartment values remain below previous market highs due to significant declines in rental rates, collections and net operating incomes that have yet to fully recover. As the real estate market and economy stabilize, we intend to employ efficient management techniques to grow income and create asset value. Our investment strategy may include, without limitation, the following:

acquiring assets where assets or the owners of assets are overleveraged and/or owners may be struggling to meet current debt service obligations on such assets, or, in certain circumstances, where owners are financial institutions or conduits under either legal or economic compulsion to sell;

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acquiring assets in opportunistic, performing and stable markets throughout the United States;
acquiring assets that enable us to target five-year average cash-on-cash returns of approximately 8.5% to 10% net of fees and expenses;
taking advantage of a depleting inventory of multifamily housing as a result of a lack of new construction over the past several years; and
taking advantage of the anticipated availability of financing from Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae that fits within our financing strategy. See the section entitled “Business — Our Financing Strategy” included elsewhere in this prospectus for a detailed discussion of our financing strategy.

We believe that financing will be available from Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac because they currently maintain that they will provide liquidity to the market in the form of debt capital at rates that meet our existing financing strategy. While market conditions may change and affect this availability, we believe Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac will continue to operate and provide debt for the multifamily sector. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are providing financing in a period where their current interest rate quotes are at or near historical lows, providing favorable economics for acquisitions where we anticipate that operations will improve.

In implementing our investment strategy, we will use our manager’s and its affiliates’ expertise in identifying attractive investment opportunities with the target classes described below, as well as their transaction sourcing, underwriting, execution and asset management and disposition capabilities. We expect that our manager will make decisions based on a variety of other factors, including expected risk-adjusted returns, credit fundamentals, liquidity, availability of adequate financing, borrowing costs and macroeconomic conditions. In addition, all investment decisions will be made with a view to maintaining our qualification as a REIT.

We believe there are numerous opportunities within the multi-family sector to acquire assets that fit our investment strategy. While cap rates have come down recently, interest rates generally remain below cap rates, providing an opportunity for buyers to achieve positive leverage (borrow at a cost of capital below the cap rate on the asset). In addition, we believe that NOI growth for multifamily assets in general will be between 5% and 11% for the next three years.

[GRAPHIC MISSING]

* Based on Witten Advisors Third Quarter 2010 Markets Update and Strategy Presentation.

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We believe that opportunity to purchase assets today at a price below replacement cost and below the recent highs in multifamily pricing that occurred in 2006 to 2008, combined with the general forecast of improving NOI growth, supports our investment strategy. However, our investment strategy is dynamic and flexible, which will enable us to adapt to shifts in economic, real estate and capital market conditions and to exploit inefficiencies. Consistent with this strategy, our investment decisions will depend on prevailing market conditions and may change over time in response to opportunities available in different economic and capital market conditions. We believe this approach allows us to identify undervalued opportunities in all market cycles, often before other investors identify such opportunities.

In particular, we will look to acquire:

assets of varying age depending on the return profile and the specific strategy for each asset;
assets in the top submarkets of each metropolitan statistical area (MSA) defined by highest rent per square footage, highest resident income level, highest property values for single family housing, etc.;
properties that should be modern in architecture and appearance with no functional obsolescence or design flaws;
assets comprised of 200 – 600 units per property to allow increased operating efficiency, with target properties outside this profile evaluated and priced appropriately;
assets with projected five-year average cash-on-cash returns of approximately 8.5% to 10%, net of fees and expenses;
assets with target capitalization rates varying by market and asset type — core assets in the more stable markets probably will drift between 6.0% and 7.0% and more opportunistic assets could have significantly higher acquisition capitalization rates;
assets with exit capitalization rates forecasted based on market performance and asset strategy but that generally mirror entry capitalization rates (except on more opportunistic targets); and
assets in urban infill areas and suburban markets.

We intend to acquire our target assets primarily for income, and only secondarily for possible capital gain. We currently do not anticipate investing in unimproved property, developing new construction properties or acquiring new construction, except we would consider a forward purchase contract on a to-be-built multifamily asset with the appropriate provisions for minimum occupancy and income thresholds in order for us to expect the asset to be priced appropriately. In connection with entering into a forward purchase contract, we may be required to provide a deposit, a mezzanine loan or other assurances of our ability to perform our obligations under the forward purchase contract. We do not currently anticipate making any mezzanine loans other than in the context of such forward purchase contracts.

Our target asset acquisitions would fit into three categories consisting of:

Core Assets :  Core assets can best be described as being relatively new properties (less than ten years old) in major markets and top submarkets. These properties typically are in infill and close-in suburban locations with significant barriers to entry and little-to-no deferred maintenance issues or significant capital expenditures necessary to maintain market presence. The properties are typically well managed and maintained by the seller. We would expect capitalization rates to range from 6.0% to 7.0%;
Value Add Assets :  Value add assets can best be described as slightly older assets (up to 25 years old) in major markets, but submarkets can be infill or suburban. Value add assets typically have some deferred maintenance issues, capital expenditure needs and/or modest operational or occupancy deficiencies that may require more management intensive efforts than core assets. These operational deficiencies could include, but are not limited to, below market occupancy rates, unqualified or inexperienced management teams on site or at the corporate level, deferred maintenance and capital

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expenditures. Capital expenditure needs in value add assets should be no more than $10,000 to $20,000 per unit, depending on market conditions and material costs. The capitalization rates for value add assets are expected to be higher (7.00% to 8.00% currently) than core assets with higher expected returns; and
Opportunistic Assets :  Opportunistic assets can be older assets, but we would seek to avoid functional obsolescence in an asset defective construction and inherent flaws. Examples of functional obsolescence could include, but are not limited to, flat roofs in garden style apartments, floor plans that are significantly smaller than the market average and a high percentage of two bedroom/one bath units relative to the market. Defective construction or inherent flaws could include, but is not limited to, aluminum wiring in apartments for electricity, blu-poly piping and poor installation of mechanical systems or appliances. It is possible that we would acquire an asset with some of these flaws with the intention of correcting the issues or “updating” the asset. We would expect this type of asset to have serious physical or operational deficiencies that will require intensive efforts to correct either through management changes, renovation or a combination of both. Capital expenditure needs in opportunistic assets will probably exceed $20,000 per unit, depending on market conditions and material costs. Serious physical and operational deficiencies could include, but are not limited to, reroofing a property, repainting the interior and exterior of a property, replacing all the appliances in a property and completely renovating the common areas. Capitalization rates for these assets should be in excess of 8.00%; however due to the potentially serious operational deficiencies with an opportunistic asset, current cap rates may be difficult to determine and may vary widely.

We also may invest in real estate related debt, including, but not limited to, previously originated first mortgage loans on multifamily properties that meet our investment criteria, which are performing or non-performing, previously originated mezzanine loans on multifamily properties that meet our investment criteria (second or subsequent mortgages), which are performing or non-performing, and tranches of securitized loans (pools of collateralized mortgaged-backed securities) on multifamily properties that meet our investment criteria, which are performing or non-performing. We will seek to invest in debt when there is a reasonable expectation that either the satisfaction of the debt under its current terms or the foreclosure of the asset securing the debt would result in a favorable return to us. We will analyze the current operations of any asset securing the debt that we seek to purchase in order to determine the likelihood of a default or foreclosure (in the case where there is not one currently) and price our bid for such debt based on the expectations of either a successful payoff by the current borrower or a need to foreclose on the asset. Other than in connection with forward purchase contracts, we do not intend to originate real estate related debt.

We anticipate that future acquisitions by us of assets likely will be mostly from unaffiliated third parties, but we would still consider an acquisition from an affiliated third party if such acquisition made financial sense to us and was approved by our conflicts committee comprised of independent directors.

The investment committee will periodically review our investment portfolio and its compliance with our investment guidelines, and provide our board of directors an investment report at the end of each quarter in conjunction with its review of our quarterly results. Our investment guidelines, the assets in our portfolio, the decision to utilize leverage, and the appropriate levels of leverage are periodically reviewed by our board of directors as part of their oversight of our manager. Our board of directors may amend or revise our investment guidelines without a vote of the stockholders. If our board of directors amends or revises our investment guidelines, the board will describe such amendments or revisions in our next Form 10-Q filing, a Form 8-K or a press release.

Our Target Markets

We will use a variety of metrics and measures to assist us in determining the appropriateness of the markets we will target for acquisitions, the sub-markets within those markets and the individual assets we will acquire. Generally, the company will target MSAs of one million people or more with favorable economic conditions. The conditions we may monitor in determining the economic conditions of a market include, but are not limited to, job growth, household income, the pipeline of new supply for multifamily units, the pipeline of new supply for single family units, current and forecasted occupancy for multifamily units, current

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and forecasted rental rate growth for multifamily units, and other statistics that may be relevant to individual markets. In addition, we will analyze data from our affiliate operations to corroborate any assumptions. Our affiliate operations include third party property management of 25,000 multifamily units across nine states, asset management of over 3,000 multifamily units across four states and in-house property management of over 7,000 multifamily units across seven states. In addition to the analysis of current economic conditions and forecasts and the data provided by our affiliates’ operations, we will utilize a network of industry contacts and relationships to generate significant information about current and future market conditions. The map below provides our most current analysis of the markets where we believe opportunities exist for us to acquire properties. These markets have different favorable and unfavorable traits which might cause us to make different acquisition decisions in each market, depending on the type of asset available in the market, the submarket it is located in within that market, the pricing we anticipate for that asset and our view on how the asset, the submarket and the broader market will perform. The map below is highlighted in red to show the markets on which we initially will focus when looking for properties to acquire. These initial markets have been selected because our affiliated operations currently have a significant presence in these markets. We anticipate this presence providing us more accurate and timely market data when evaluating potential acquisitions and speed and efficiency in putting in place a property management team post-acquisition. The map below is a guide and will change as additional information becomes available to us regarding national, market or local trends. As of the date of this prospectus, we currently do not own any properties in any of these markets and we may purchase properties in markets other than those shown on the map below. Provided, however, we do have two properties under contract to purchase, one property in the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania MSA and one property in the Atlanta, Georgia MSA. See the section entitled “Description of Real Estate Investments — Property Acquisition” included elsewhere in this prospectus for a detailed discussion of the two properties we have under contract for purchase.

[GRAPHIC MISSING]

* Target MSAs in the above map are as of December 31, 2010.

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Our Financing Strategy

We intend to utilize leverage in making our investments. The number of different investments we will acquire will be affected by numerous factors, including the amount of funds available to us. By operating on a leveraged basis, we will have more funds available for our investments. This will allow us to make more investments that would otherwise be possible, resulting in a larger and more diversified portfolio. See the “Risk Factors” section of this prospectus for more information about the risks related to operating on a leveraged basis.

We intend to target leverage levels (secured and unsecured) between 50% and 65% of our tangible assets value on a portfolio basis. Neither our charter nor our by-laws contain any limitation on the amount of leverage we may use. Our investment guidelines, which can be amended by our board without stockholder approval, limit our borrowings (secured and unsecured) to 75% of the cost of our tangible assets at the time of any new borrowing. These targets, however, will not apply to individual real estate assets or investments. The amount of leverage we will seek for particular investments in our target assets will depend on our manager’s assessment of a variety of factors, which may include the anticipated liquidity and price volatility of the assets in our investment portfolio, the potential for losses and extension risk in the portfolio, the availability and cost of financing the assets, our opinion of the creditworthiness of our financing counterparties, the health of the U.S. economy and the health of the commercial real estate market in general. In addition, factors such as our outlook on interest rates, changes in the slope, level and volatility of interest rates and their associated credit spreads, the underlying collateral of our assets and our outlook on credit spreads relative to our outlook on interest rate and economic performance could all impact our decision and strategy for financing the target assets. At the date of acquisition of each asset, we anticipate that the cost of investment for such asset will be substantially similar to its fair market value. However, subsequent events, including changes in the fair market value of our assets, could result in our exceeding these limits.

The leverage may be obtained from a variety of sources including (but not limited to) Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac), Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae), commercial banks, credit companies, insurance companies, pension funds, endowments, financial services companies and other institutions who wish to provide debt financing for our assets.

Our secured and unsecured aggregate borrowings are intended by us to be reasonable in relation to our net assets and will be reviewed by our board of directors at least quarterly. In determining whether our borrowings are reasonable in relation to our net assets, we expect that our board of directors will consider many factors, including without limitation, the lending standards of government-sponsored enterprises, such as Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and other companies for loans in connection with the financing of multifamily properties, the leverage ratios of publicly traded and non-traded REITs with similar investment strategies, whether we have positive leverage (in that, the board will compare the capitalization rates of our properties to the interest rates on the indebtedness of such properties) and general market and economic conditions. There is no limitation on the amount that we may borrow for any single investment.

Risk Management

Risk management is a fundamental principle in our manager’s construction of our portfolio and in the management of each investment. Diversification of our portfolio by investment size and location is critical to controlling portfolio-level risk. Over the long term, we intend that no single asset will exceed 15% of our total assets and that we will not have more than 25% of our total assets invested in any single MSA. However, until a sufficient number of properties are acquired, we anticipate that we will have single assets in excess of 15% of our total assets and more than 25% of our assets in a single MSA.

Investment Committee

Our manager will have an investment committee which will meet periodically, at least every quarter, to discuss investment opportunities. The investment committee will periodically review our investment portfolio and its compliance with our investment guidelines described above, and provide our board of directors an investment report at the end of each quarter in conjunction with its review of our quarterly results. From time to time, as it deems appropriate or necessary, our board of directors also will review our investment portfolio and its compliance with our investment guidelines and the appropriateness of our investment guidelines and strategies.

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Policies With Respect to Certain Other Activities

If our board of directors determines that additional funding is required, we may raise such funds through additional offerings of equity or debt securities or the retention of cash flow (subject to provisions in the Code concerning distribution requirements and the taxability of undistributed REIT taxable income) or a combination of these methods. If our board of directors determines to raise additional equity capital, it has the authority, without stockholder approval, to issue additional common stock or preferred stock in any manner and on such terms and for such consideration as it deems appropriate, at any time. We will seek to maintain a balance between the number of outstanding shares of common stock and other types of equity securities of the company issued and outstanding as we seek to fund our capital needs. However, we can make no assurances that we will be able to achieve or maintain this balance. For example, uncertainties in the marketplace could affect the timing, amount and value of any equity securities to be issued, the success or lack of success of any capital raising program, including without limitation this initial public offering of our common stock. Moreover, general economic conditions affecting our business, financial condition and operations could affect the balance between the number of outstanding shares of common stock and other types of equity securities of the company issued and outstanding.

In addition, we may finance the acquisition of investments using the various sources of financing discussed above as described in the section entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Liquidity and Capital Resources” included elsewhere in this prospectus. Our investment guidelines, the assets in our portfolio, the decision to utilize leverage, and the appropriate levels of leverage are periodically reviewed by our board of directors as part of their oversight of our manager.

We may offer equity or debt securities in exchange for property or to repurchase or otherwise reacquire shares of our common stock. In addition, we may establish and offer a class or series of preferred stock, including convertible preferred stock. Subject to the percentage of ownership limitations and gross income tests necessary for REIT qualification, we may in the future invest in debt securities of other REITs, other entities engaged in real estate activities or securities of other issuers, including for the purpose of exercising control over such entities. We do not intend that our investments in securities will require us to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act, and we would intend to divest such securities before any such registration would be required. We do not intend to underwrite securities of other issuers.

We intend to make available to our stockholders our annual reports, including our audited financial statements. After the public offering, we will become subject to the information reporting requirements of the Exchange Act. Pursuant to those requirements, we will be required to file annual and periodic reports, proxy statements and other information, including audited financial statements, with the SEC.

Our board of directors may change any of these policies without prior notice to you or a vote of our stockholders.

Operating and Regulatory Structure

REIT Qualification

We intend to elect and qualify to be taxed as a REIT, commencing with our taxable year ending on December 31, 2011. In addition, we may hold certain of our assets through TRSs, which may be subject to corporate-level income tax at regular rates. Our qualification as a REIT depends on our ability to meet, on a continuing basis, through actual investment and operating results, various complex requirements under the Code relating to, among other things, the sources of our gross income, the composition and values of our assets, our distribution levels and the diversity of ownership of our shares. We believe that we have been organized in conformity with the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT under the Code, and that our proposed method of operation will enable us to meet the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT.

So long as we qualify as a REIT, we generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on our REIT taxable income we distribute currently to our stockholders. If we fail to qualify for taxation as a REIT in any taxable year, and the statutory relief provisions of the Code do not apply, we will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates and may be precluded from qualifying as a REIT for the

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subsequent four taxable years following the year during which we lost our REIT qualification. Distributions to stockholders in any year in which we are not a REIT would not be deductible by us, nor would they be required to be made. Even if we qualify for taxation as a REIT, we may be subject to certain state and local taxes on our income or property and to U.S. federal income and excise taxes on our undistributed income.

Investment Company Act Considerations

We intend to conduct our operations so that we and each of our subsidiaries are exempt from registration as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. Under Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act, a company is an “investment company” if it is, or holds itself out as being, engaged primarily, or proposes to engage primarily, in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities. Under Section 3(a)(1)(C) of the Investment Company Act, a company is deemed to be an “investment company” if it is engaged, or proposes to engage, in the business of investing, reinvesting, owning, holding or trading in securities and owns or proposes to acquire “investment securities” having a value exceeding 40% of the value of its total assets (exclusive of government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis, or the 40% test. “Investment securities” exclude U.S. Government securities and securities of majority-owned subsidiaries that are not themselves investment companies and are not relying on the exception from the definition of investment company set forth in Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act.

We intend to acquire real estate and real-estate related assets directly, for example, by acquiring fee interests in real property, or by purchasing interests, including controlling interests, in REITs or other “real estate operating companies,” such as real estate management companies and real estate development companies, that own real property. We also may acquire real estate assets through investments in joint venture entities, including joint venture entities in which we may not own a controlling interest. We anticipate that our assets generally will be held in our wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries, each formed to hold a particular asset.

We intend to conduct our operations so that our company and most, if not all, of its wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries will comply with the 40% test. We will continuously monitor our holdings on an ongoing basis to determine the compliance of our company and each wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiary with this test. Because we expect that most of our assets will be real estate investments, we expect that most, if not all, of the company’s wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries will not be relying on exemptions under either Section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act. Consequently, interests in these subsidiaries (which are expected to constitute most, if not all, of our assets) generally will not constitute “investment securities.” Accordingly, we believe that our company and most, if not all, of its wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries will not be considered investment companies under Section 3(a)(1)(C) of the Investment Company Act.

In addition, we believe that neither we nor any of our wholly-owned or majority-owned subsidiaries will be considered investment companies under Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act because they will not engage primarily, or propose to engage primarily, or hold themselves out as being engaged primarily in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities. Rather, we and our subsidiaries will be primarily engaged in non-investment company businesses related to real estate. Consequently, we and our subsidiaries expect to be able to conduct their respective operations such that none of them will be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act.

The determination of whether an entity is our majority-owned subsidiary is made by us. The Investment Company Act defines a majority-owned subsidiary of a person as a company 50% or more of the outstanding voting securities of which are owned by such person, or by another company which is a majority-owned subsidiary of such person. The Investment Company Act further defines voting securities as any security presently entitling the owner or holder thereof to vote for the election of directors of a company. We treat companies in which we own at least a majority of the outstanding voting securities as majority-owned subsidiaries for purposes of the 40% test. We have not requested that the SEC staff approve our treatment of any entity as a majority-owned subsidiary and the SEC staff has not done so. If the SEC staff were to disagree with our treatment of one or more companies as majority-owned subsidiaries, we would need to adjust our strategy and our assets in order to continue to comply with the 40% test. Any such adjustment in our strategy could have a material adverse effect on us.

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We intend to conduct our operations so that neither we nor any of our wholly-owned or majority-owned subsidiaries fall within the definition of “investment company” under the Investment Company Act. If we or any of our wholly-owned or majority-owned subsidiaries inadvertently falls within one of the definitions of “investment company,” we intend to rely on the exclusion provided by Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act, which is available for entities primarily engaged in the business of “purchasing or otherwise acquiring mortgages and other liens on and interests in real estate.” In addition to prohibiting the issuance of certain types of securities, this exclusion generally requires that at least 55% of an entity’s assets must be comprised of mortgages and other liens on and interests in real estate, also known as “qualifying assets,” and at least 80% of the entity’s assets must be comprised of qualifying assets and a broader category of assets that we refer to as “real estate related assets” under the Investment Company Act. Additionally, no more than 20% of the entity’s assets may be comprised of miscellaneous assets.

We will classify our assets for purposes of the Investment Company Act, including the exclusion provided by Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act, in large measure based upon no-action positions taken by the SEC staff in the past. These no-action positions were issued in accordance with factual situations that may be substantially different from the factual situations we may face, and a number of these no-action positions were issued more than ten years ago. No assurance can be given that the SEC staff will concur with our classification of our assets. In addition, the SEC staff may, in the future, issue further guidance that may require us to re-classify our assets for purposes of the Investment Company Act. If we are required to re-classify our assets, we may no longer be in compliance with the exclusion from the definition of an investment company provided by Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act.

For purposes of determining whether we satisfy the 55%/80% tests, we will classify the assets in which we invest as follows:

Real Property .  Based on the no-action letters issued by the SEC staff, we will classify our fee interests in real properties as qualifying assets. In addition, based on no-action letters issued by the SEC staff, we will treat our investments in joint ventures, which in turn invest in qualifying assets such as real property, as qualifying assets only if we have the right to approve major decisions affecting the joint venture; otherwise, such investments will be classified as real estate-related assets. We expect that no less than 55% of our assets will consist of investments in real property, including any joint ventures that we control.

Securities .  We intend to treat as real estate-related assets debt and equity securities of both non-majority-owned publicly traded and private companies primarily engaged in real estate businesses, including REITs and other real estate operating companies, and securities issued by pass-through entities of which substantially all of the assets consist of qualifying assets or real estate-related assets.

Loans .  Based on the no-action letters issued by the SEC staff, we will classify our investments in various types of whole loans as qualifying assets, as long as the loans are “fully secured” by an interest in real estate at the time we originate or acquire the loan. However, we will consider loans with loan-to-value ratios in excess of 100% to be real estate-related assets. We will treat our mezzanine loan investments as qualifying assets so long as they are structured as “Tier 1” mezzanine loans in accordance with the guidance published by the SEC staff in a no-action letter that discusses the classifications of Tier 1 mezzanine loans under Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act.

Consistent with no-action positions taken by the SEC staff, we will consider any participation in a whole mortgage loan, including B-Notes, to be a qualifying real estate asset only if (1) we have a participation interest in a mortgage loan that is fully secured by real property; (2) we have the right to receive our proportionate share of the interest and the principal payments made on the loan by the borrower, and our returns on the loan are based on such payments; (3) we invest only after performing the same type of due diligence and credit underwriting procedures that we would perform if we were underwriting the underlying mortgage loan; (4) we have approval rights in connection with any material decisions pertaining to the administration and servicing of the loan and with respect to any material modification to the loan agreements; and (5) if the loan becomes non-performing, we have effective control over the remedies relating to the enforcement of the mortgage loan, including ultimate control of the foreclosure process, by having the right to: (a) appoint the special servicer to manage the resolution of the loan; (b) advise, direct or approve the actions of the special servicer; (c) terminate the special servicer at any time with or without cause; (d) cure

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the default so that the mortgage loan is no longer non-performing; and (e) purchase the senior loan at par plus accrued interest, thereby acquiring the entire mortgage loan.

We will base our treatment of any other investments as qualifying assets and real estate-related assets on the characteristics of the underlying collateral and the particular type of loan (including whether we have foreclosure rights with respect to those securities or loans that have underlying real estate collateral) and we will make these determinations in a manner consistent with guidance issued by the SEC staff.

Qualification for exemption from the definition of “investment company” under the Investment Company Act will limit our ability to make certain investments. For example, these restrictions may limit the ability of our company and our subsidiaries to invest directly in mortgage-related securities that represent less than the entire ownership in a pool of mortgage loans, debt and equity tranches of securitizations and certain asset-backed securities, distressed debt, subordinated debt and real estate companies or in assets not related to real estate. Although we intend to monitor our portfolio, there can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain this exemption from registration for our company or each of our subsidiaries.

A change in the value of any of our assets could negatively affect our ability to maintain our exemption from regulation under the Investment Company Act. To maintain compliance with the exclusion provided by Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act, we may be unable to sell assets we would otherwise want to sell and may need to sell assets we would otherwise wish to retain. In addition, we may have to acquire additional assets that we might not otherwise have acquired or may have to forego opportunities to acquire assets that we would otherwise want to acquire and would be important to our investment strategy.

To the extent that the SEC staff provides more specific guidance regarding any of the matters bearing upon the definition of investment company and the exceptions to that definition, we may be required to adjust our investment strategy accordingly. Additional guidance from the SEC staff could provide additional flexibility to us, or it could further inhibit our ability to pursue the investment strategy we have chosen.

If we are required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act, we would become subject to substantial regulation with respect to our capital structure (including our ability to use borrowings), management, operations, transactions with affiliated persons (as defined in the Investment Company Act), and portfolio composition, including restrictions with respect to diversification and industry concentration and other matters. Compliance with the Investment Company Act would, accordingly, limit our ability to make certain investments and require us to significantly restructure our business plan.

Competition

Our profitability depends, in large part, on our ability to acquire our target assets at attractive prices. We are subject to significant competition in acquiring our target assets. In particular, we will compete with a variety of institutional investors, including other REITs, specialty finance companies, public and private funds, commercial and investment banks, hedge funds, mortgage bankers, commercial finance and insurance companies, governmental bodies and other financial institutions. We also may compete with John A. Williams and his affiliates for investment opportunities. See the section entitled “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest” included elsewhere in this prospectus. In addition, there are several REITs with similar investment objectives, including a number that have been recently formed, and others may be organized in the future. These other REITs will increase competition for the available supply of real estate-related assets suitable for purchase or origination. Some of our anticipated competitors have greater financial resources, access to lower costs of capital and access to funding sources that may not be available to us. In addition, some of our competitors are not subject to the operating constraints associated with REIT tax compliance or maintenance of an exemption from the Investment Company Act. Furthermore, some of our competitors may have higher risk tolerances or different risk assessments, which could allow them to consider a wider variety of investments, or pay higher prices, than we can. Current market conditions may attract more competitors, which may increase the competition for our target assets. An increase in the competition for such assets may increase the price of such assets, which may limit our ability to generate attractive risk-adjusted returns for our stockholders, thereby adversely affecting the market price of our outstanding stock.

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In the face of this competition, we expect to have access to our manager’s and its affiliates’ professionals and their industry expertise, which we believe will provide us with a competitive advantage and help us assess investment risks and determine appropriate pricing for potential investments. We expect that these relationships will enable us to compete more efficiently and effectively for attractive investment opportunities. In addition, we believe that current market conditions may have adversely affected the financial condition of certain competitors. Thus, not having a legacy portfolio also may enable us to compete more effectively for attractive investment opportunities. Although we believe we are well positioned to compete effectively in each facet of our business, there can be no assurance that we will be able to achieve our business goals or expectations due to the extensive competition in our market sector. For additional information concerning these competitive risks, see “Risk Factors.”

Employees

We will be externally managed by our manager pursuant to the management agreement between our manager and us. All of our officers are employees of our manager or its affiliates. See the section entitled “Our Manager and Management Agreement — Management Agreement” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Legal Proceedings

Neither we nor, to our knowledge, our manager is currently subject to any legal proceedings that we or our manager consider to be material.

Other Information

Our principal executive offices are located at 3625 Cumberland Boulevard, Suite 400, Atlanta Georgia 30339. Our telephone number is (770) 818-4100. Our website is www.pacapts.com . The contents of our website are not part of this prospectus. The information on our website is not intended to form a part of or be incorporated by reference into this prospectus.

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DESCRIPTION OF REAL ESTATE INVESTMENTS

Property Acquisition

The following table provides information as of February 14, 2011 regarding two properties that we have recently put under contract to purchase from third parties affiliated with our manager.

               
               
Current
Name of
Property
  Location of
Property
  Number of Apartment Units   Average Per Unit Monthly Rents at Closing (1) (5)   Purchase Price (2) (5)   Anticipated Mortgage Debt Amount (4) (5)   Anticipated Interest
Rate (4) (5)
  Property Management Agent (3)   Annual Property Management Fee
Oxford Summit   Suburban Atlanta, Georgia   345   $889   $34,301,443   $21,580,000   4.90%   An affiliate of our manager   4.0%
Oxford
Rise
  Suburban Philadelphia, Pennsylvania   216   $1,267   $31,548,289   $19,500,000   4.90%   An affiliate of our manager   4.0%

(1) Exclusive of additional amounts recoverable from tenants for utilities and rent concessions that may be offered to tenants.
(2) Includes total acquisition and loan closing costs, a 1.0% acquisition fee paid to our manager, and funds escrowed for minor deferred maintenance expenses and other reserves.
(3) Each of the acquired properties will be operated under a management agreement between our manager and Williams Residential Management, LLC, or the property manager, an affiliate of our manager.
(4) Debt may be a fixed or floating rate instrument. A fixed rate will be based off of the loan term’s corresponding treasury rate, while a floating rate will be based off of 30-day LIBOR, Floating rates will fluctuate throughout the life of the loan.
(5) These figures are based on our current estimates as of February 14, 2010 and may change before closing.

In September 2010, we entered into a contract of Purchase and Sale with Oxford Rise Partners LLC, a Georgia limited liability company, and WOF, which together own 100% of the membership interests in Oxford Rise JV, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, the fee-simple owner of a multifamily apartment community located in suburban Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, or Oxford Rise, and a Contract of Purchase and Sale with Oxford Summit Development, LLC, a Georgia limited liability company, and Williams Realty Fund I, LLC, a Georgia limited liability company, which together own 100% of the membership interests in Oxford Summit Partners, LLC, a Georgia limited liability company, the fee-simple owner of a multifamily apartment community located in suburban Atlanta, Georgia, or Oxford Summit. The acquisitions will be for 100% of the membership interests in Oxford Rise and Oxford Summit, each of which owns one fee-simple property. It is expected that these acquisitions will be consummated shortly after the completion of the offerings. The purchase price for the two properties will be paid from proceeds of the offerings, with the balance thereof being paid from planned debt financing activities. While currently we do not have any financing commitments in place in connection with the acquisitions of the two properties, upon completion of the offerings we expect to execute commitment letters with either Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac and pay a fee equal to 2% of the loan proceeds for each of the two loans, which payment will be reimbursed to us at the closing of each loan. If first mortgage financing is unavailable from Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac, we plan to prioritize the acquisition of the two properties and use the proceeds from the offering to acquire the Oxford Rise property. In October 2010, the rights and obligations under both the contract for Oxford Rise and the contract for Oxford Summit were assigned by us to the operating partnership. Each of the contracts for Oxford Rise and for Oxford Summit were amended twice in December 2010 and amended again in February 2011 to extend the time allowed for the consummation of each transaction. See the section entitled “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions — Agreements With Institutional and Other Investors — Real Estate Property Acquisitions” contained elsewhere in this prospectus.

Under each of the contracts to purchase Oxford Summit and Oxford Rise, our inspection period has ended and, with respect to each property and transaction, the following conditions must be met prior to the

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closing of such transaction: (1) the closing must be within ten business days of the closing of the offerings described in this prospectus; (2) the payment of the purchase price; (3) receipt of title policy endorsements satisfactory to us to existing title insurance policies; (4) delivery of an assignment and bill of sale for the acquisition of the membership interests; (5) delivery to us of certain required affidavits and certifications; (6) payment of any transfer taxes by sellers; (7) delivery to us of all contracts, including the existing property management agreement; (8) delivery to us of all leases; (9) delivery to us of all deposits; (10) delivery to us of an executed closing statement; (11) delivery to us of the seller’s files; (12) delivery to us of a certified updated rent roll; (13) delivery to us of all keys related to the property; (14) all representations and warranties of the seller are materially true and correct on the closing date; (15) improvements to the property shall be in substantially the same condition on the closing date as they were on the effective date of the contract (subject to normal wear and tear); (16) the property shall have no encumbrances other than specific permitted exceptions; and (17) all apartment units vacated more than five days prior to closing shall be in “rent-ready” condition.

The total acquisition price, excluding acquisition-related and financing-related transaction costs, will be approximately $33.2 million for Oxford Summit and $30.2 million for Oxford Rise. The Oxford Rise purchase agreement contains a potential earn-out payment to the seller based on the results of appraisals to be prepared one year after closing. In connection with the purchase of these two assets, Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC, our manager, will receive an acquisition fee equal to 1% of the total purchase price, aggregating approximately $0.6 million. Other closing and financing related costs are expected to be approximately $1 million in the aggregate.

In connection with the acquisitions of Oxford Rise and Oxford Summit, we anticipate securing a first mortgage loan on each property from either Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac at approximately 65% of the total purchase price of each purchase, or approximately $19.5 million for Oxford Rise and approximately $21.6 million for Oxford Summit, or the Loans. We anticipate that each of the Loans will have a 30-year amortization period, mature in seven years, and will either bear interest at a fixed rate of approximately 4.90% per annum for Oxford Summit and 4.90% for Oxford Rise, or bear interest on a floating rate with a spread of 3.05% to 3.20% per annum over 30-day LIBOR. We anticipate that the Loans will require monthly installments of interest only through the first three years and monthly installments of principal and interest throughout the remainder of their stated terms. We expect that the loan related to Oxford Rise will only be secured by the Oxford Rise property and that the loan related to Oxford Summit will only be secured by the Oxford Summit property. We anticipate that the Loans will mature in March 2018, at which time a balance of approximately $19.9 million will be due on the loan related to Oxford Summit and a balance of approximately $18.3 million will be due on the loan related to Oxford Rise, assuming no prior principal prepayment on either of the Loans.

We are currently under application with Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to provide the Loans. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are reviewing the underwriting information and detailed financial statements that we have provided in connection with our applications. We are currently awaiting commitment letters and rate lock agreements from Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Upon our receipt of commitment letters for the Loans, we will review the final terms and conditions of the Loans to ensure that they meet our needs and then enter into rate lock agreements which will determine the final structure and cost of our financing. We do not anticipate material changes in the terms and conditions for the Loans from those contained in the applications we submitted, but there could be changes in the terms of the Loans which we would evaluate at the time we receive final commitments. The terms and conditions we have described for the Loans are based on the terms and conditions quoted by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and remain our good faith estimate of the expected material terms and conditions of the Loans until we receive final commitments; however, the interest rate indexes contained in the quotes move daily and will impact the cost of our financing. We have not purchased any hedges against interest rate fluctuations and remain subject to those market changes until we lock in our spreads for any adjustable rate loan or rates for any fixed rate loan. While currently we do not have any financing commitments in place in connection with the acquisitions of the two properties, upon closing of the offerings we expect to execute commitment letters with either Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac and pay a fee equal to 2% of the loan proceeds for each of the two loans, which payment will be reimbursed at the closing of each loan. If first mortgage financing is unavailable from Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac, we plan to prioritize

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the acquisition of the two properties and use the proceeds from the offering to acquire the Oxford Rise property. See the “Risk Factors'' section included elsewhere in this prospectus for more information about the risks related to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.

We expect that the initial basis in each of the properties for federal income tax purposes will be equal to the purchase price. We plan to depreciate each property for federal income tax purposes on a straight-line basis using an estimated useful life of 27.5 years.

Oxford Summit

Oxford Summit is an existing multifamily apartment complex consisting of 345 units located in suburban Atlanta, Georgia. The community consists of 26 garden and townhome buildings on a 19 acre landscaped setting. A gated and controlled access community, Oxford Summit is comprised of a unit mix of 83 one-bedroom garden apartment homes, 40 one-bedroom townhomes, 53 two-bedroom garden apartment homes, and 166 two-bedroom townhomes and 3 three-bedroom garden apartment homes. The property was constructed in 2007 and its apartment homes have an average size of 1,024 square feet. No major renovations are planned.

There are currently nine other apartment communities in the area that we believe are competitive with Oxford Summit, with seven of those properties located two to three miles south in Alpharetta/North Fulton County. Including Oxford Summit, these ten properties total 3,842 units, have an average unit size of 1,094 square feet and an average year of construction of 2000. In addition to existing competitive properties, the market in which Oxford Summit is located currently has no properties under construction or planned, but an affiliate of the seller of Oxford Summit owns two adjacent parcels each entitled for multi-family development that would allow for the future development of a 162 unit community and a 150 unit community. Other than those two parcels, there is no other multifamily zoned land in Oxford Summit’s market. In addition to the specific competitive conditions described above, general competitive conditions affecting Oxford Summit include those identified in the section entitled “Competition” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

The total expected acquisition cost of Oxford Summit is expected to be $34.3 million and the mortgage debt with respect thereto. is expected to total $21.6 million.

All the leased space is residential with leases ranging from an initial term of three months to one year. The average historical occupancy rate (determined by the total number of units actually occupied at the specified point in time indicated) for the last five years is as follows:

 
At December 31, 2010     94.8 %  
At December 31, 2009     93.8 %  
At December 31, 2008     85.4 %  
At December 31, 2007     76.5 %  
At December 31, 2006     N/A  

No tenants occupy 10% or more of Oxford Summit.

The average historical effective net annual rental rate per unit (including any tenant concessions and abatements) at the property is as follows:

 
Year ending December 31, 2010   $ 10,476  
Year ending December 31, 2009   $ 10,212  
Year ending December 31, 2008   $ 10,536  
Year ending December 31, 2007   $ 10,728  
Year ending December 31, 2006     N/A  

In addition, aggregate gross income for Oxford Summit has increased approximately 5.3% since March 2010.

Property taxes paid on Oxford Summit for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010 were $121,293.67. Oxford Summit was subject to a tax rate of 2.4719% of its assessed value.

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Under a contract with our manager, the property manager will act as property manager of Oxford Summit. Upon our acquisition, we believe that Oxford Summit will be adequately insured.

Oxford Rise

Oxford Rise is an existing multifamily apartment complex consisting of 216 units located in suburban Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The community consists of 8 garden buildings on a 20 acre landscaped setting. Oxford Summit is comprised of a unit mix of 72 one-bedroom garden apartment homes and 144 two-bedroom garden apartment homes. The property was constructed in 2008 and its apartment homes have an average size of 1,078 square feet. No major renovations are planned.

There are currently six other apartment communities in the area that we believe are competitive with Oxford Rise. All of these properties are located south of Oxford Rise nearer to Interstate 76 and Highway 202. Including Oxford Rise, the seven properties total 1,602 units, have an average unit size of 1,027 square feet and an average year of construction of 2002. Further, in Chester County, Pennsylvania, the county in which Oxford Rise is located, no new construction of multifamily properties is currently on-going or planned. In addition, new construction is constrained due to a current lack of sewer availability that requires any new construction to bear the burden of constructing and maintaining a waste water treatment plant and drip irrigation system. In addition to the specific competitive conditions described above, general competitive conditions affecting Oxford Rise include those identified in the section entitled “Competition” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

The total expected acquisition cost of Oxford Rise is expected to be $31.1 million and the mortgage debt with respect thereto is expected to total $19.5 million. The purchase price under the Oxford Rise contract is subject to an earn out provision on the following terms. On the date that is one year after the closing date, CB Richard Ellis and Cushman & Wakefield will conduct two appraisals of the property for the purpose of determining the current fair market value. If the average of the fair market value of the property established by the appraisals is higher than the purchase price, the sellers shall receive cash equal in value to the difference, provided that, in the event the buyer incurs costs or expenses after the closing date arising out of a breach by the sellers of either (i) the sellers’ representations and warranties under the contract or (ii) any surviving indemnity, then the amount of such costs or expenses shall be deducted from the earn out payment due. Each party shall pay one-half the cost of the appraisals.

All the leased space is residential with leases ranging from an initial term of three months to one year. The average historical occupancy rate (determined by the total number of units actually occupied at the specific point in time indicated) for the last five years is as follows:

 
At December 31, 2010     94.0 %  
At December 31, 2009     79.2 %  
At December 31, 2008     21.8 %  
At December 31, 2007     N/A  
At December 31, 2006     N/A  

No tenants occupy 10% or more of Oxford Rise.

The average historical effective net annual rental rate per unit (including any tenant concessions and abatements) at the property is as follows:

 
Year ending December 31, 2010   $ 14,640  
Year ending December 31, 2009   $ 14,556  
Year ending December 31, 2008   $ 16,284  
Year ending December 31, 2007     N/A  
Year ending December 31, 2006     N/A  

In addition, aggregate gross income for Oxford Rise has increased approximately 31.0% since March 2010.

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Property taxes paid on Oxford Rise for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010 were $392,887. Oxford Rise was subject to a base property tax rate of 0.6295% of its assessed value. In addition, Oxford Rise was subject to an additional property tax rate of 2.55% of its 2009 assessed value for the first half of 2010 and to an additional property tax rate of 2.617% of its 2010 assessed value for the second half of 2010.

Under a contract with our manager, the property manager will act as property manager of Oxford Rise. Upon our acquisition, we believe that Oxford Rise will be adequately insured.

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OUR MANAGEMENT

Our Directors and Executive Officers

We operate under the direction of our board of directors. The board is responsible for the overall management and control of our affairs. Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC has been formed to manage our day-to-day affairs and the acquisition and disposition of our investments, subject to the board’s supervision. Each of our executive officers, including John A. Williams and Leonard A. Silverstein, who also serve as directors, also are officers of our manager. As a result, these individuals owe fiduciary duties to our manager, which fiduciary duties may conflict with the duties that they owe to us and our stockholders. As described in greater detail under section entitled “— The Manager” below, our manager will be responsible for making investment decisions subject to the approval of its investment committee and the oversight of our board of directors.

Our charter and by-laws provide that the number of our directors may be established by a majority of the entire board of directors but may not be fewer than two nor more than ten. We currently have three directors and expect to have a total of seven directors, including five independent directors. Directors are elected by a plurality of all the votes cast. There are no family relationships among any of our directors or officers, or officers of our manager.

During the discussion of a proposed transaction, independent directors may offer ideas for ways in which transactions may be structured to offer the greatest value to us, and our manager will take these suggestions into consideration when structuring transactions. Each director will serve until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until his or her successor is duly elected and qualifies. Although the number of directors may be increased or decreased, a decrease will not have the effect of shortening the term of any incumbent director.

Any director may resign at any time. A director may be removed, with or without cause, by the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than 66-2/3% of the total voting power of all our outstanding common stock. Notice of a special meeting to remove a director will indicate that the purpose, or one of the purposes, of the meeting is to determine if the director shall be removed.

Any vacancy created by an increase in the number of directors or the death, resignation or removal of a director may be filled by a vote of a majority of the remaining directors. If at any time there are no directors in office, successor directors shall be elected in accordance with the Maryland General Corporation Law, or the MGCL. Each director will be bound by the charter and the by-laws.

The directors are not required to devote all their time to our business and are only required to devote the time to our affairs as their duties require. It is expected that the directors will meet quarterly or more frequently if necessary. Our directors are not required to devote a substantial portion of their time to discharge their duties as our directors. Consequently, in the exercise of their responsibilities, the directors heavily rely on our manager. Our directors have a duty to our company to supervise the relationship between us and our manager. The board is empowered to fix the compensation of all officers that it selects and approve the payment of compensation to directors for services rendered to us in any other capacity.

Our board of directors will establish policies on investments and borrowing, the general terms of which are set forth in this prospectus. The directors may establish further policies on investments and borrowings and monitor our administrative procedures, investment operations and performance to ensure that the policies are fulfilled and are in the best interest of our stockholders.

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We have provided below certain information about our executive officers, our directors and our director nominees. We intend to elect our director nominees prior to or concurrent with the declaration of effectiveness by the SEC of the registration statement, of which this prospectus is a part.

   
Name   Age   Position(s)
John A. Williams   68   President, Chief Executive Officer and Director
Leonard A. Silverstein   52   Executive Vice President, General Counsel, Secretary and Director
Michael J. Cronin   56   Chief Accounting Officer and Treasurer
William F. Leseman   51   Executive Vice President — Property Management
Daniel M. DuPree   64   Independent Director Nominee
Timothy A. Peterson   45   Independent Director Nominee
Steve Bartkowski   58   Independent Director Nominee
Gary B. Coursey   71   Independent Director
Howard A. McLure   54   Independent Director Nominee

John A. Williams , has served as the President, Chief Executive Officer and a Director of our company since our formation. Mr. Williams was born and educated in Atlanta. Following graduation from the city’s public school system, he entered the Georgia Institute of Technology where he earned a BS in Industrial Management. Mr. Williams has directed and coordinated the development, construction, and management of real estate developments since 1966. Over the course of his career, he has directed and coordinated the development, construction, and management of more than $5 billion in real estate developments. Approximately $3.5 billion of this activity has focused on multifamily housing (over 100,000 apartments), with the balance in other property types including hotels, condominiums and offices. Mr. Williams founded Post Properties, Inc. in 1970. He took Post Properties, Inc. public as a REIT in 1993. When he resigned as Chairman of Post Properties in 2003, the company had over 30,000 apartment units and had averaged Funds from Operation (FFO) growth of 7% per year commencing with the initial public offering. Mr. Williams is currently Chief Executive Officer of Williams Realty Advisors, LLC and has held this position since February 2005. He also holds interests in various other entities involving the acquisition, development, building, holding, leasing, managing, operating and exchanging of real properties and enterprises that collectively have over 800 employees and have been involved in over $3 billion in development.

Mr. Williams has been a national leader in the urban development concept. He is widely credited with coining the phrases “Smart Growth” and “Live, Work, Play.” His urban mixed-use projects have won numerous local and national awards. He was also an early pioneer in green development having advocated for recycling in apartment communities, superior insulation, energy efficient appliances, and environmentally conscious building materials. His early efforts and vision led to many of the LEED standards that are used today.

Among the 40 awards, honors and medals Mr. Williams has received over his 42 years of success in the industry include being named “Entrepreneur of The Year,” by both Stanford Business School and Ernst & Young in 1990 and 1988 respectively. He has been given The Wall Street Transcript “CEO Award for Commercial Real Estate,” in 1995 along with being named “CEO of The Year,” by Financial World, in 1996. Mr. Williams was listed on National Real Estate Investor’s list of “The 20 th Century’s Most Influential Developers,” along with Atlanta Business Chronicle’s award for “Atlanta Residential Developer of The Decade,” for the 1990’s; followed by Harvard Business School extending its “Community Leadership Award” to Mr. Williams in 2000. He has received numerous honors and awards from Cobb County, Georgia including, “The Mack Henderson Public Service Award,” in 2005. Mr. Williams was inducted into the Multi-Housing News Hall of Fame: First Class in 2004, and given the Four Pillar Award in 2007 by The Council for Quality Growth. John A. Williams is and has always been very active in varied philanthropic activities, outreaches, and organizations in Georgia and around the World. In the spring of 2008, Mr. Williams was inducted into the Georgia State University J. Mack Robinson College of Business Hall of Fame as well as the Georgia Institute of Technology College of Management Hall of Fame.

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Mr. Williams is currently serving on the Board of Directors of the Atlanta Falcons of which he is also a minority owner. He has previously served on the boards of Riverside Bancshares, Inc., where he was the largest stockholder, the Georgia Regional Transportation Authority, the Atlanta Regional Commission, Atlanta Convention & Visitors Bureau, Post Secondary/Vocational Education, the Executive Committee of the National Apartment Association, the Board of Directors of NationsBank and Barnett Banks, Inc, the Board of Directors of Crawford & Company, and the Board of Directors of Post Properties, Inc. He is the Founder and past Chairman of the Cumberland Community Improvement District. He served as president of the Homebuilders Association of Metropolitan Atlanta, Chairman of the Metro Atlanta Chamber of Commerce, Chairman of the Metro Business Forum, Chairman of the Regional Business Coalition, Chairman of the Cobb-Marietta Coliseum and Exhibit Hall Authority, and Chairman of the Cobb County Chamber of Commerce, serving two terms.

While serving as the initial Chairman of the Cobb-Marietta Coliseum and Exhibit Hall Authority, Mr. Williams was responsible for leading the effort to build the $200 million Exhibition Meeting Venue and Ballroom complex. These facilities were completed in 1995. The large ballroom, one of the largest in the south, was named “The John A. Williams Ballroom.” He also led the effort to build the state-of-the-art Cobb Energy Performing Arts Centre which cost $150 million. The 2,800 seat main theatre is named “The John A. Williams Theatre.”

In February 2010, iStar Tara, LLC filed a lawsuit seeking confirmation of foreclosure relating to the Mansion Hotel property in Atlanta, Georgia, where Mr. Williams, our sponsor, served as guarantor to a loan entered into by Mansion Centre Development related to the property. In addition, Mr. Williams is party to a related lawsuit on personal guarantees given by Mr. Williams for the benefit of Mansion Centre Development. The claims against Mr. Williams in these legal proceedings, if adversely determined against Mr. Williams, would have a material adverse effect on Mr. Williams' net worth. Mr. Williams has informed us of his belief that he has meritorious defenses against these claims and plans to pursue such defenses vigorously.

In June 2010, litigation was initiated by, among others, Mr. Williams and Leonard Silverstein, our Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary and a Director, for a judicial declaration that they have no liability under certain guarantees executed by them in favor of Synovus Bank (as successor-in-interest to Bank of North Georgia) in connection with certain real estate loans on the basis that all such liabilities were allegedly released by Synovus Bank pursuant to an agreement. Synovus Bank has asserted counterclaims against, among other counterclaim defendants, Messrs. Williams and Silverstein, including counterclaims alleging that Messrs. Williams and Silverstein remain liable to Synovus Bank pursuant to the guarantees at issue. The counterclaims against each of Messrs. Williams and Silverstein in these legal proceedings, if adversely determined against him, would have a material adverse effect on his net worth. Messrs. Williams and Silverstein have informed us of their respective beliefs that they have meritorious defenses against these counterclaims and plan to pursue such defenses vigorously.

In April 2010, RBC Bank (USA) filed a lawsuit against, among others, Mr. Williams alleging that he is liable to RBC Bank (USA) for breach of certain guaranties executed by Mr. Williams in favor of RBC Bank (USA) in connection with certain real estate loans. The claims against Mr. Williams in these legal proceedings, if adversely determined against Mr. Williams, would have a material adverse effect on Mr. Williams’ net worth. Mr. Williams has informed us of his belief that he has meritorious defenses against these claims and plans to pursue such defenses vigorously.

We believe that Mr. Williams’ previous experience as the founder of Post Properties, Inc. and his current role as the Chief Executive Officer of Williams Realty Advisors, LLC make him well qualified to serve as a member of our Board of Directors.

Leonard A. Silverstein , has served as Executive Vice President, General Counsel, Secretary and a Director of our company since our formation. Mr. Silverstein has also served as General Counsel of Williams Realty Advisors, LLC since February 2005 and Chief Operating Officer of Corporate Holdings, LLC since October 2004. From August 1994 to 2004, Mr. Silverstein was a partner at the law firm of McKenna, Long & Aldridge LLP. From January 1991 to August 1994, Mr. Silverstein was a partner at the law firm of Powell, Goldstein, Frazer & Murphy LLP, where he began his legal practice in 1983. Mr. Silverstein’s practice

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focused on securities and corporate finance law, corporate governance and mergers and acquisitions, advising both publicly-held and privately-held clients in a variety of industries, including real estate.

Mr. Silverstein currently serves on the Advisory Board of Mayor Electric Supply Co., Inc., a regional electrical equipment and supply wholesale-distributor, headquartered in Birmingham, Alabama. He has served on the Board of Trustees and Executive Committee of the American Jewish Committee, Atlanta Chapter and on the Board of Trustees of the Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta. He also has served on the Board of Directors of numerous other business and civic organizations, including the American-Israel Chamber of Commerce — Southeast Region, Atlanta Symphony Associates, Business Practice Section of the Atlanta Bar Association, Vanderbilt University National Alumni Association, and Zoo Atlanta, and formerly served as Vice Chairman of the Securities Law Subcommittee of the State Bar of Georgia. Mr. Silverstein received his law degree from Vanderbilt University School of Law where he served on the editorial staff of the Vanderbilt Law Review, and his BA from Vanderbilt University, where he graduated magna cum laude.

In June 2010, litigation was initiated by, among others, Messrs. Williams and Silverstein for a judicial declaration that they have no liability under certain guarantees executed by them in favor of Synovus Bank (as successor-in-interest to Bank of North Georgia) in connection with certain real estate loans on the basis that all such liabilities were allegedly released by Synovus Bank pursuant to an agreement. Synovus Bank has asserted counterclaims against, among other counterclaim defendants, Messrs. Williams and Silverstein, including counterclaims alleging that Messrs. Williams and Silverstein remain liable to Synovus Bank pursuant to the guarantees at issue. The counterclaims against each of Messrs. Williams and Silverstein in these legal proceedings, if adversely determined against him, would have a material adverse effect on his net worth. Messrs. Williams and Silverstein have informed us of their respective beliefs that they have meritorious defenses against these counterclaims and plan to pursue such defenses vigorously.

We believe that Mr. Silverstein’s previous experience as a partner in each of McKenna, Long & Aldridge LLP and Powell, Goldstein, Frazer & Murphy LLP, his current roles as General Counsel of Williams Realty Advisors, LLC and Chief Operating Officer of Corporate Holdings, LLC and his legal education make him well qualified to serve as a member of our Board of Directors.

Michael J. Cronin , has served as Chief Accounting Officer and Treasurer of our company since formation. Mr. Cronin has served in various capacities since joining Williams Realty Advisors, LLC in December 2005, most recently as Chief Financial Officer since October 2008. Prior to joining Williams Realty Advisors, Mr. Cronin served as Vice President of Morgan Stanley Real Estate Advisors from February 2004 to December 2005. Mr. Cronin was the Chief Financial Officer of Hatfield Philips, a commercial real estate company, for three years prior to joining Morgan Stanley Real Estate Advisors. In total, Mr. Cronin has over 25 years of accounting, reporting and finance experience in the real estate field. He is a CPA and holds a BBA and Masters degree in Accounting from the University of Georgia.

William F. Leseman , has served as Executive Vice President — Property Management of our company since formation. Mr. Leseman has over 26 years of experience in property management and since 1995 has served as President of RAM Partners, LLC, a full-service property management firm that leases and manages over 120 multi-family properties totaling approximately 31,000 units. From 1989 to 1995, Mr. Leseman served as Senior Vice President of property management for Post Properties, Inc. (NYSE: PPS), and was responsible for the management of more than 16,000 apartment units. He was previously a senior manager for a large regional property management company responsible for the firm’s owned and third-party portfolios. Mr. Leseman received a B.S. in Business Management from Stephen F. Austin State University in 1982. Mr. Leseman is a member of the Institute of Real Estate Management where he holds the Certified Property Management designation.

Daniel M. DuPree, is one of our independent director nominees and will be elected to our board as a Director prior to the consummation of this offering. Mr. DuPree has over 30 years of real estate experience in shopping center management, leasing and development. Since March 2009, he has served as Chief Executive Officer for The Reynolds Companies, a real estate development company in Atlanta, Georgia. From 1992 to March 2001 and then again from March 2003 to March 2009, Mr. DuPree served as President and Chief Operating Officer for Cousins Properties Incorporated (NYSE: CUZ), a real estate development, acquisition, financing, management and leasing company. From September 2002 to March 2003, Mr. DuPree served as

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Chief Executive Officer of Barry Real Estate Companies, a real estate development and management company. From 1982 to 1992, he served as Chief Executive Officer of New Market Development Company, a shopping center management and development company which he founded in 1982. From 1976 to 1982, Mr. DuPree served as an Executive Vice President for Post Properties, Inc. (NYSE: PPS) where he was responsible for shopping center management, leasing and development. From 1974 to 1976, Mr. DuPree was a commercial real estate broker for Coldwell Banker and Company.

Mr. DuPree has served as Capital Campaign Chair of the Atlanta Community Food Bank, as Board Chair of the Midtown Alliance, and as Transportation Committee Chair for the Metropolitan Atlanta Chamber of Commerce. He is a board member of both the University of Florida College of Business Administration and the Wake Forest University Calloway School of Business. Mr. DuPree received his Bachelor of Science Business Administration degree from the University of Florida.

We believe that Mr. DuPree's previous experience as Chief Operating Officer of Cousins Properties and his current role as Chief Executive Officer of The Reynolds Companies make him well qualified to serve as a member of our Board of Directors.

Timothy A. Peterson, is one of our independent director nominees and will be elected to our board as a Director prior to the consummation of this offering. Since 2003, Mr. Peterson has been a partner, Chief Financial Officer and member of the Investment Committee of Altman Development Corporation where his primary responsibilities have been overseeing capital markets activities, financial reporting, strategic planning and budgeting. Mr. Peterson was Chief Financial Officer for Keystone Property Trust (NYSE: KTR) from 1998 to 2002, becoming Executive Vice President from 2002 to 2003. From 1989 to 1998, Mr. Peterson served in a series of positions for Post Properties, Inc. (NYSE: PPS), including as Executive Vice President. Working very closely with the president of Post Properties, Mr. Peterson was responsible for the day-to-day coordination with the accountants, attorneys and investment bankers involved in completing the Company's initial public offering in July 1993. Throughout his career, Mr. Peterson has overseen in excess of $3 billion of real estate financings using public stock sales, secured and unsecured debt, tax-exempt and taxable bond issuances, private placements and joint ventures.

Mr. Peterson has been a frequent speaker on REITs and real estate development. He is a past member of the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts where he served as a Co-Chairman of its Accounting Committee, and a member of the Best Financial Practices Task Force. He is a member of the Advisory Board for the University of Florida Center for Real Estate Studies and has served as Treasurer and member of the Executive Committee, and a Director and Treasurer of The Please Touch Museum (the Philadelphia children's museum). Mr. Peterson received his undergraduate degree in Accounting from the University of Florida in 1985 and his MBA in Finance from the University of Florida in 1987. Mr. Peterson formerly was licensed as a Certified Public Accountant.

We believe that Mr. Peterson's previous experience as Chief Financial Officer of Keystone Property Trust and Executive Vice President of Post Properties, Inc. combined with his financial reporting, accounting and initial public offering experience, makes him well qualified to serve as a member of our Board of Directors.

Steve Bartkowski, is one of our independent director nominees and will be elected to our board as a Director prior to the consummation of this offering. After graduation from high school, which included numerous personal honors in football, basketball and baseball, he chose from over 100 scholarship offers to attend the University of California at Berkeley. He was an All American in both baseball and football at the University of California at Berkeley. In 1975, he was the first pick in the NFL draft, selected by the Atlanta Falcons, serving as their starting quarterback for the following 11 seasons. Mr. Bartkowski was the NFL's rookie of the year in 1975, the NFL's highest rated quarterback for three years, and earned All-Pro honors for his efforts in 1980 and 1981. He was the most valuable player in the NFC in 1980. Mr. Bartkowski led the Falcons to their first play-off game in 1978 and again in 1980 and 1982. Mr. Bartkowski played his last season in the NFL for the Los Angeles Rams and retired from professional football in 1987.

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Following retirement from professional football, Mr. Bartkowski produced and hosted the popular TNN outdoor television series, Backroad Adventures with Steve Bartkowski from 1994 to 1996. He was also the host of a top rated outdoor television series, Suzuki's Great Outdoors with Steve Bartkowski, on ESPN from 1990 – 1993.

Since 1997, Mr. Bartkowski has worked in business development for DPR Construction, Inc., a global commercial contractor and construction management company. He is a well known motivational speaker on personal success and excellence, giving speeches throughout the U.S.

Mr. Bartkowski serves on the Boards of Directors of several charitable organizations, including The World Children's Center, an orphanage being constructed in Georgia. He participates in numerous charitable fundraisers throughout the year. He is also a member of the Board of Advisors for the Atlanta Falcons. Mr. Bartkowski was inducted into the Atlanta Falcon's Ring of Honor. He is a member of the Georgia Sports Hall of Fame and the Atlanta Sports Hall of Fame.

We believe that Mr. Bartkowski's experience in business development for DPR Construction, Inc. and his previous leadership and management experience, both in professional football and television, make him well qualified to serve as a member of our Board of Directors.

Gary B. Coursey, was elected to our board as a Director on December 3, 2010. Mr. Coursey has over 47 years of experience in the architectural profession and has managed the completion of thousands of projects representing over $3 billion in construction costs. He founded Gary B. Coursey & Associates Architects, Inc. in 1971 and has built an innovative architectural practice focused on the highest level of creativity and design and is a LEED certified firm. Mr. Coursey has overseen the design of over 300,000 units of multi-family housing, personal care facilities, athletic facilities, office buildings, industrial buildings, financial institutions, medical facilities, military facilities, restaurants, shopping centers and churches. Mr. Coursey has experience throughout the U.S., as well as internationally.

Mr. Coursey is a registered professional architect in the states of Georgia, Alabama, California, Connecticut, Florida, North Carolina, Ohio, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas and Virginia. He is currently a member of the American Institute of Architects and is Past Vice President, Secretary and Treasurer of the American Institute of Architects, Georgia Association. Mr. Coursey is a member of the Atlanta Apartment Association, the Chamber of Commerce for each of Atlanta, Cobb County and North Fulton County, and the Advisory Board for the Southern Polytechnic State University School of Architecture. Mr. Coursey also serves on the Boards of the Ronald McDonald Houses of Atlanta and the Boys & Girls Clubs of Metro Atlanta. Mr. Coursey received his Bachelor of Science in Architecture from the Georgia Institute of Technology and his Associate of Science in Building Construction from Southern Polytechnic State University.

We believe that Mr. Coursey's experience as the founder of Gary P. Coursey & Associates Architects, Inc. and his related architectural design experience make him well qualified to serve as a member of our Board of Directors.

Howard A. McLure, is one of our independent director nominees and will be elected to our board as a Director prior to the consummation of this offering. From March 2007 until November 2009, Mr. McLure served as Executive Vice President of CVS Caremark Corporation (NYSE: CVS) and President of Caremark Pharmacy Services, a division of CVS Caremark Corporation, where he was responsible for all sales and operations of the division. From June 2005 until March 2007, Mr. McLure served as Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of Caremark RX, Inc., listed on the New York Stock Exchange prior to the closing of the CVS Corp. —  Caremark RX Inc. merger in March 2007. From May 2000 to June 2005, Mr. McLure served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Caremark RX, Inc. From June 1998 to May 2000, Mr. McLure served as Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer of Caremark RX, Inc. From 1995 to 1998, Mr. McLure was Senior Vice President and Controller of Magellan Health Services, Inc. (NASDAQ: MGLN), a specialty managed healthcare company. Mr. McLure received his Bachelor's of Business Administration in Accounting from the University of Georgia in 1979. Mr. McLure formerly was licensed as a Certified Public Accountant and a member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants.

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In November 2009, a securities class action lawsuit was filed in federal court in Rhode Island against CVS Caremark Corporation and certain of its officers, including Mr. McLure, which includes allegations of securities fraud relating to certain public disclosures made by CVS Caremark Corporation and allegations of insider trading. In addition, a shareholder derivative lawsuit was filed in December 2009 in the same court against CVS Caremark Corporation and its directors and certain officers, including Mr. McLure, which includes allegations of, among other things, securities fraud, insider trading and breach of fiduciary duties and further alleges that CVS Caremark Corporation was damaged by the purchase of stock at allegedly inflated prices under its share repurchase program. Mr. McLure has informed us of his belief that any allegations made against him in these lawsuits are without merit and that he plans to defend against them vigorously.

We believe that Mr. McLure's previous experience as Executive Vice President of CVS Caremark Corporation and Senior Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer of Caremark RX, Inc. makes him well qualified to serve as a member of our Board of Directors.

Corporate Governance — Board of Directors and Committees

Our business is managed by our manager, subject to the supervision and oversight of our board of directors, which has established investment guidelines described under the section entitled “Business — Our Investment Strategy” included elsewhere in this prospectus for our manager to follow in its day-to-day management of our business. Our board of directors may amend or revise our investment guidelines without a vote of the stockholders. A majority of our board of directors will be “independent,” as determined by the requirements of the AMEX and the regulations of the SEC. Our directors keep informed about our business by attending meetings of our board of directors and its committees and through supplemental reports and communications. Our independent directors will meet regularly in executive sessions without the presence of our corporate officers or non-independent directors.

Upon completion of the offerings, our board of directors will form an audit committee, a compensation committee and a nominating and corporate governance committee and adopt charters for each of these committees. Each of these committees will have three directors and will be composed exclusively of independent directors, as defined by the listing standards of the AMEX. Moreover, the compensation committee will be composed exclusively of individuals intended to be, to the extent provided by Rule 16b-3 of the Exchange Act, non-employee directors and will, at such times as we are subject to Section 162(m) of the Code, qualify as outside directors for purposes of Section 162(m) of the Code.

Audit Committee .  Our board of directors will establish an audit committee, consisting of three of our independent directors. The audit committee, by approval of at least a majority of the members, will: select the independent registered public accounting firm to audit our annual financial statements; review with the independent registered public accounting firm the plans and results of the audit engagement; approve the audit and non-audit services provided by the independent registered public accounting firm; review the independence of the independent registered public accounting firm; consider the range of audit and non-audit fees; and review the adequacy of our internal accounting controls. Our board of directors will adopt a charter for the audit committee that sets forth its specific functions and responsibilities.

The audit committee will have such additional powers, duties and responsibilities as may be delegated by the board of directors or contained in an audit committee charter approved by our board of directors.

Compensation Committee .  Our board of directors will establish a compensation committee, consisting of three of our independent directors. The principal functions of the compensation committee will be to:

review and approve on an annual basis the corporate goals and objectives relevant to chief executive officer compensation, if any, evaluate our chief executive officer’s performance in light of such goals and objectives and, either as a committee or together with our independent directors (as directed by the board of directors), determine and approve the remuneration of our chief executive officer based on such evaluation;
review and oversee management’s annual process, if any, for evaluating the performance of our officers and review and approve on an annual basis the remuneration of our officers;
oversee our stock incentive plan;

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assist the board of directors and the chairman in overseeing the development of executive succession plans; and
determine from time to time the remuneration for our independent directors.

Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee .   Our board of directors will establish a nominating and corporate governance committee. Our nominating and corporate governance committee will be comprised of three of the independent directors and will be formed to establish and implement our corporate governance practices and to nominate individuals for election to the board of directors. Our nominating and corporate governance committee, will operate pursuant to a written charter to be adopted by our board of directors. Among other things, the committee charter will call upon the nominating and corporate governance committee to: develop criteria for selecting new directors and identify individuals qualified to become board members and members of the various committees of the board; select, or recommend that the board select, the director nominees for each annual meeting of stockholders and the committee nominees; and develop and recommend to the board a set of corporate governance principles applicable to the corporation.

The nominating and corporate governance committee will consider nominees recommended by stockholders.

Independent Directors .  Our board of directors has determined that each of our independent directors is independent within the meaning of the applicable (i) requirements set forth in the Exchange Act and the applicable SEC rules, and (ii) rules of the NYSE Amex, or the AMEX.

To be considered independent under the AMEX rules, the board of directors must determine that a director does not have a material relationship with us (either directly or as a partner, stockholder or officer of an organization that has a relationship with any of those entities, including our sponsor and his affiliates). Under the AMEX rules, a director will not be independent if, within the last three years:

the director was employed by us or our sponsor, our manager or any of our affiliates;
an immediate family member of the director was employed by us or our sponsor as an executive officer;
the director, or an immediate family member of the director, received more than $120,000 during any 12-month period in direct compensation from us or our sponsor, other than director and committee fees and pension or other forms of deferred compensation for prior service (provided such compensation is not contingent in any way on continued service);
the director was affiliated with or employed by a present or former internal or external auditor of us or our sponsor;
an immediate family member of the director was affiliated with or employed in a professional capacity by a present or former internal or external auditor of us or our sponsor;
an executive officer serves on our compensation committee or the board of directors of a company which employed the director, or which employed an immediate family member of the director, as an executive officer; or
the director was an executive officer or an employee (or an immediate family member of the director was an executive officer) of a company that makes payments to, or receives payments from, us or our manager for property or services in an amount which, in any single fiscal year, exceeded the greater of $1 million or 2% of such other company’s consolidated gross revenues.

Conflicts Committee.    Our board of directors will establish a conflicts committee comprised of our independent directors to review, among other things, (1) transactions we enter into with John A. Williams, WOF, Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC or any of their respective affiliates, which are subject to an inherent conflict of interest, and (2) the allocation of investment opportunities among affiliated entities. For a description of certain of our conflict resolution procedures, see “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions — Conflicts of Interest — Certain Conflict Resolution Procedures” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

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Executive and Director Compensation

Compensation of Directors

Our compensation committee designs our director compensation with the goals of attracting and retaining highly qualified individuals to serve as independent directors and to fairly compensate them for their time and efforts. Because of our unique attributes as a REIT, service as an independent director on our board requires broad expertise in the fields of real estate and real estate investing.

Upon the closing of the offerings, we will compensate each of our independent directors with an annual fee of $50,000. We will also pay an additional $10,000 annual retainer to the chair of our audit committee. In addition, we will pay independent directors a fee of $2,000 per meeting for attending committee meetings. All directors receive reimbursement of reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with attendance at meetings of the board of directors and committees thereof. If a director is also one of our officers, we will not pay any compensation for services rendered as a director. We may issue shares of our common stock pursuant to our stock incentive plan in lieu of paying an independent director his or her annual fees and/or meeting fees in cash. Any fees owed to our independent directors will be paid in shares of restricted common stock for the first two years after our initial public offering. Afterward, any such fees may be paid in cash or stock. If we have elected to pay our independent directors in cash, and subject to the consent of the compensation committee, each independent director is also entitled to elect to receive his or her annual fees and/or meeting fees in the form of shares of our common stock or a combination of shares of our common stock and cash. The vesting schedule for fees paid to our independent directors in shares of our common stock will be determined by the compensation committee in connection with the grant.

None of the members of the board of directors will be entitled to any fees for serving on the board of directors except as set forth above or unless the board unanimously determines otherwise. Any such determination will only become effective upon the closing of the offerings. All directors receive reimbursement of reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with attendance at meetings of the board of directors and committees thereof. If a director is also one of our officers, we do not pay any compensation for services rendered as a director.

Compensation of Officers

Our officers will not receive any cash compensation from us for their services as our officers. We may compensate our officers in accordance with our stock incentive plan. Our compensation committee will determine if and when any of our officers will receive any compensation under our stock incentive plan. Additionally, our officers are officers of one or more of our affiliates and are compensated by those entities (including our manager), in part, for their services rendered to us. See the section entitled “Our Management — Our Directors and Executive Officers” included elsewhere in this prospectus for information about our officers. See the section entitled “Our Manager and Management Agreement — Management Agreement — Compensation to Manager” included elsewhere in this prospectus for information relating to reimbursement by us to the manager for compensation of its officers.

Stock Incentive Plan

We have adopted a stock incentive plan to align the long-term financial interest of our officers with those of our stockholders. The compensation committee intends to design long-term incentive awards to ensure that our executive officers have a continuing stake in our long-term success, that the total compensation realized by our executive officers reflects our multi-year performance as measured by the efficient use of capital and changes in stockholder value, and that a large portion of their total compensation opportunity is earned over a multi-year period and is forfeitable in the event of termination of employment.

The compensation committee, as appointed by our board of directors, will have the full authority:  (a) to administer and interpret the plan; (b) to grant to eligible employees, consultants and independent directors (i) stock options, (ii) stock appreciation rights, (iii) restricted shares, (iv) performance shares, and (v) other stock-based awards; (c) to determine the eligibility of employees, consultants and independent directors of us, any of our affiliates and our manager to receive an award; (d) to determine whether and to what extent awards are to be granted; (e) to determine the number of shares of common stock to be covered by each award granted; (f) to determine the terms and conditions of any award granted (including, but not limited to, the

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exercise or purchase price (if any), any restriction or limitation, any vesting schedule or acceleration thereof, or any forfeiture restrictions or waiver thereof, regarding any award and the shares of common stock relating thereto, based on such factors, if any, as the compensation committee shall determine, in its sole discretion); (g) to determine whether, to what extent and under what circumstances grants of options and other awards are to operate on a tandem basis and/or in conjunction with or apart from other awards made by us outside of the stock incentive plan; (h) to determine whether and under what circumstances a stock option may be settled in cash, common stock and/or restricted shares; (i) to determine whether, to what extent and under what circumstances common stock and other amounts payable with respect to an award shall be deferred either automatically or at the election of the participant in any case, in a manner intended to comply with Section 409A of the Code; (j) to determine whether a stock option is an incentive stock option or non qualified stock option; (k) to determine whether to require a participant, as a condition of the granting of any award, to not sell or otherwise dispose of shares acquired pursuant to an award for a period of time as determined by the compensation committee, in its sole discretion, following the date of such award; and (l) to exercise such powers and to perform such acts as the compensation committee deems necessary or expedient to promote our best interests; however, neither the compensation committee nor the board of directors may take any action under our stock incentive plan that would result in a repricing of any stock option without having first obtained the affirmative vote of our stockholders. In connection with this authority, the compensation committee may, among other things, establish performance goals that must be met in order for awards to be granted or to vest, or for the restrictions on any such awards to lapse. From and after the consummation of the offerings, the compensation committee will consist solely of independent directors, each of whom is intended to be, to the extent required by Rule 16b-3 under the Exchange Act, a non-employee director and will, at such times as we are subject to Section 162(m) of the Code, qualify as an outside director for purposes of Section 162(m) of the Code. The total number of shares that may be made subject to awards under our stock incentive plan will not exceed 567,500 shares of our common stock.

The compensation committee intends to continually evaluate the use of equity-based awards and intends to use such awards as part of designing and administering our compensation program. We expect to make grants at regular intervals.

The compensation committee may grant equity incentives in the form of stock options (non-qualified and incentive stock options), stock appreciation rights, restricted shares, performance shares and other stock-based awards (including restricted stock units (RSUs) and deferred stock units).

We intend to follow a practice of granting equity incentives on an annual basis to our directors, officers and employees (if we ever have employees), employees of our manager and its affiliates, employees of entities that provide services to us, directors of the manager or of entities that provide services to us, certain of our consultants and certain consultants to the manager and its affiliates or to entities that provide services to us. We also may make grants (a) on the commencement of employment to new directors, officers and employees (if we ever have employees), new consultants to us and new consultants to the manager and its affiliates or to entities that provide services to us, (b) to key employees of us or our manager or its affiliates following a significant change in job responsibilities, or (c) to meet specific retention objectives. Grants will be issued on the date they are approved by the compensation committee, except in certain circumstances, such as for new hires, who may be granted awards on the second day after we release our financial results for that quarter. The exercise price for stock options will be determined on the grant date and will be no less than the fair market value of the common stock at the time of the grant (or, in the case of an incentive stock option granted to a ten percent stockholder, 110% of the fair market value of the common stock). The compensation committee will set the vesting schedule, which may be subject to the attainment of specified performance targets and rights of acceleration.

The stock incentive plan and the awards granted under the plan will not affect the power of the board or the stockholders to authorize:  (a) any adjustment, recapitalization, reorganization or other change in our capital structure; (b) any merger or consolidation of us; (c) any issuance of bonds, debentures, preferred or prior preference stock ahead of or affecting the common stock; (d) the dissolution or liquidation of us or an affiliate; (e) any sale or transfer of all or part of the assets or business of us or any affiliate; (f) any stock split, reverse stock split, stock dividend, subdivision, combination or reclassification of shares that may be issued under the stock incentive plan; or (g) any other corporate act or proceeding. In addition, in the event of any

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change in our capital structure pursuant to any stock split, reverse stock split, stock dividend, subdivision, combination or reclassification of shares that may be issued under the stock incentive plan, any recapitalization, any merger, any consolidation, any spin off, any reorganization or any partial or complete liquidation, or similar corporate transaction or event, then the compensation committee may adjust any award or make any adjustment in the stock incentive plan in order to prevent dilution or enlargement of the rights of participants under the stock incentive plan, including: (i) the number and kind of shares of stock that may thereafter be issued in connection with awards; (ii) the number and kind of shares of stock or other property (including cash) issued or issuable in respect of outstanding awards; (iii) the purchase price relating to any award; and (iv) the maximum number of shares of common stock subject to any award which may be granted under the plan to any individual participant. In addition, the compensation committee may determine that any such equitable adjustment may be accomplished by adjusting any award or making such other adjustments to the stock incentive plan. Awards under the stock incentive plan are intended to either be exempt from, or comply with, Section 409A of the Code and payment in connection with any award subject to Section 409A of the Code must be in accordance with Section 409A.

Upon a change in control of us (as defined under the stock incentive plan), any award that was not previously vested will become fully vested and/or payable, but restrictions to which restricted shares or other awards are subject will not lapse.

Compliance with the American Jobs Creation Act

As part of our strategy for compensating our independent directors, we intend to grant equity incentives under our stock incentive plan described above. This method of compensating individuals may possibly be considered to be a “nonqualified deferred compensation plan” under Section 409A of the Code.

Under Section 409A of the Code, “nonqualified deferred compensation plans” must meet certain requirements regarding the timing of distributions or payments and the timing of agreements or elections to defer payments, and must also prohibit any possibility of acceleration of distributions or payments, as well as certain other requirements. The guidance under Section 409A of the Code provides that there is no deferral of compensation merely because the value of property (received in connection with the performance of services) is not includible in income by reason of the property being substantially nonvested (as defined in Section 83 of the Code). Accordingly, it is intended that the restricted share awards will not be considered “nonqualified deferred compensation.”

If Section 409A of the Code applies to any of the awards issued under either plan described above, or if Section 409A of the Code applies to any other arrangement or agreement that we may make, and if such award, arrangement or agreement does not meet the timing and other requirements of Section 409A of the Code, then (i) all amounts deferred for all taxable years under the award, arrangement or agreement would be currently includible in the gross income of the recipient of such award or of such deferred amount to the extent not subject to a substantial risk of forfeiture and not previously included in the gross income of the recipient, (ii) interest at the underpayment rate plus 1% would be imposed on the underpayments that would have occurred had the compensation been includible in income when first deferred (or, if later, when not subject to a substantial risk of forfeiture) would be imposed upon the recipient, and (iii) a 20% additional tax would be imposed on the recipient with respect to the amounts required to be included in the recipient’s income. Furthermore, if the affected individual is our employee, we would be required to withhold U.S. federal income taxes on the amount deferred but includible in income due to Section 409A of the Code, although there may be no funds currently being paid to the individual from which we could withhold such taxes. We would also be required to report on an appropriate form (W-2 or 1099) amounts which are deferred, whether or not they meet the requirements of Section 409A of the Code, and if we fail to do so, penalties could apply.

We do not intend to issue any award, or enter into any agreement or arrangement that would be considered a “nonqualified deferred compensation plan” under Section 409A of the Code, unless such award, agreement or arrangement complies with the timing and other requirements of Section 409A of the Code. It is our current belief, based upon the statute, the regulations issued under Section 409A of the Code and legislative history, that the stock options we currently intend to grant and the restricted share awards we currently intend to grant will not be subject to taxation under Section 409A of the Code because neither such

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stock options nor such restricted share awards will be considered a “nonqualified deferred compensation plan.” Nonetheless, there can be no assurances that any stock options or restricted share awards which we have granted or which hereafter may be granted will not be affected by Section 409A of the Code, or that any such stock options or restricted share awards will not be subject to income taxation under Section 409A of the Code.

Code of Business Conduct and Ethics

Our board of directors will establish prior to the consummation of this offering a code of business conduct and ethics. Among other matters, the code of business conduct and ethics will be designed to deter wrongdoing and to promote:

honest and ethical conduct, including the ethical handling of actual or apparent conflicts of interest between personal and professional relationships;
full, fair, accurate, timely and understandable disclosure in our SEC reports and other public communications;
compliance with applicable governmental laws, rules and regulations;
prompt internal reporting of violations of the code of business conduct and ethics to appropriate persons identified in such code; and
accountability for adherence to the code of business conduct and ethics.

Waivers to the code of business conduct and ethics may only be granted by unanimous written consent of the independent directors of our board of directors. If the independent directors grant any waivers of the elements listed above to any of our officers, we expect to announce the waiver within five business days on the corporate governance section on our corporate website. The information on our website will not be a part of this prospectus.

Limitation of Liability and Indemnification

Maryland law permits us to include in our charter a provision limiting the liability of our directors and officers to our stockholders and us for money damages, except for liability resulting from (i) actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services, or (ii) active and deliberate dishonesty established by a final judgment and that is material to the cause of action. Our charter contains such a provision which eliminates directors’ and officers’ liability to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law.

The Maryland General Corporation Law requires us (unless our charter provides otherwise, which our charter does not) to indemnify a director or officer who has been successful in the defense of any proceeding to which he or she is made or threatened to be made a party by reason of his or her service in that capacity. The Maryland General Corporation Law permits a corporation to indemnify its present and former directors and officers, among others, against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements and reasonable expenses actually incurred by them in connection with any proceeding to which they may be made or threatened to be made a party by reason of their service in those or other capacities unless it is established that:

the act or omission of the director or officer was material to the matter giving rise to the proceeding and (1) was committed in bad faith, or (2) was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty;
the director or officer actually received an improper personal benefit in money, property or services; or
in the case of any criminal proceeding, the director or officer had reasonable cause to believe that the act or omission was unlawful.

A court may order indemnification if it determines that the director or officer is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnification, even though the director or officer did not meet the prescribed standard of conduct or was adjudged liable on the basis that personal benefit was improperly received. However, indemnification for an adverse judgment in a suit by the corporation or in its right, or for a judgment of liability on the basis that personal benefit was improperly received, is limited to expenses. The Maryland General Corporation Law permits a corporation to advance reasonable expenses to a director or officer upon receipt of a written

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affirmation by the director or officer of his or her good faith belief that he or she has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification and a written undertaking by him or her or on his or her behalf to repay the amount paid or reimbursed if it is ultimately determined that the standard of conduct was not met.

Our charter requires us, to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law, to indemnify and, without requiring a preliminary determination of the ultimate entitlement to indemnification, pay or reimburse reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding to any individual who is a present or former director or officer and who is made or threatened to be made a party to the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity or any individual who, while a director or officer and at our request, serves or has served as a director, officer, partner, trustee, member or manager of another corporation, real estate investment trust, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise and who is made or threatened to be made a party to the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity. With the approval of our board of directors, we may provide such indemnification and advance for expenses to any individual who served a predecessor of the Company in any of the capacities described above and any employee or agent of the Company or a predecessor of the Company, including Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC or any of its affiliates. This provision does not reduce the exposure of directors and officers to liability under federal or state securities laws, nor does it limit the stockholders’ ability to obtain injunctive relief or other equitable remedies for a violation of a director’s or an officer’s duties to us, although the equitable remedies may not be an effective remedy in some circumstances.

We also will agree to indemnify and hold harmless Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC and its affiliates performing services for us from specific claims and liabilities arising out of the performance of their obligations under the management agreement. As a result, our stockholders and we may be entitled to a more limited right of action than they and we would otherwise have if these indemnification rights were not included in the management agreement.

The general effect to investors of any arrangement under which we agree to insure or indemnify any persons against liability is a potential reduction in distributions resulting from our payment of premiums associated with insurance or indemnification payments in excess of amounts covered by insurance. In addition, indemnification could reduce the legal remedies available to our stockholders and us against the officers and directors.

Following completion of the offerings, we may enter into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and executive officers that would provide for indemnification to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law.

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OUR MANAGER AND MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT

General

We will be externally managed and advised by our manager. The executive offices of our manager are located at 3625 Cumberland Boulevard, Suite 400, Atlanta, Georgia 30339, and the telephone number of our manager’s executive offices is (770) 818-4100.

Officers of Our Manager

The following sets forth certain information with respect to each of the executive officers of our manager:

   
Name   Age   Position(s)
John A. Williams   68   President and Chief Executive Officer
Leonard A. Silverstein   52   Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary
Michael J. Cronin   56   Chief Accounting Officer and Treasurer
William F. Leseman   51   Executive Vice President — Property Management

Management Agreement

We have entered into an amended and restated management agreement with our manager. Pursuant to the management agreement, our manager will implement our business strategy and perform certain services for us, subject to oversight by our board of directors.

Duties of Our Manager .  Under the terms of our management agreement, our manager generally has responsibility for our day-to-day operations. Many of the services to be performed by the manager in managing our day-to-day activities are summarized below. This summary is provided to illustrate the material functions that the manager will perform for us as our manager, and it is not intended to include all the services that may be provided to us by the manager or by third parties. Under the terms of the management agreement, the manager undertakes to use commercially reasonable efforts to identify and acquire for us investment opportunities consistent with our investment policies and objectives as adopted by our board of directors. In its performance of this undertaking, the manager, either directly or indirectly by engaging an affiliate or third party, will, subject to the authority of the board of directors:

identify real estate investment opportunities consistent with our investment policies, acquisition strategy and objectives;
structure the terms and conditions of transactions pursuant to which acquisitions of properties will be made;
acquire properties on our behalf in compliance with our investment objectives and strategies;
arrange for the financing and refinancing of properties;
administer our bookkeeping and accounting functions;
serve as our consultant in connection with policy decisions to be made by our board of directors, managing our properties or causing our properties to be managed by another party; and
render other services as our board of directors reasonably requests or our manager deems appropriate.

Term of the Management Agreement .  The initial term of the management agreement expires on the fifth anniversary of the closing of the offerings and will be automatically renewed for a one-year term each anniversary date thereafter unless previously terminated as described below. Our independent directors will review our manager’s performance and fees that may be payable to our manager annually, and, following the initial term, the management agreement may be terminated annually upon the affirmative vote of at least 75% of our independent directors, based upon (1) unsatisfactory performance that is materially detrimental to us, or (2) our determination that the fees payable to our manager are not in accordance with market rates, subject to our manager’s right to prevent such termination due to above-market fees by accepting a reduction of fees to at or below market rates agreed to by at least 75% of our independent directors. We must provide 180 days’

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prior written notice of any such termination. We also may terminate the management agreement at any time, including during the initial term, without the payment of any termination fee, with generally at least 30 days’ prior written notice from our board of directors for cause, as defined in the management agreement, in the absence of our manager’s cure. We do not have the right to decline to renew the management agreement. Our manager may decline to renew the management agreement by providing us with 180 days’ prior written notice. Our manager may terminate the management agreement for good reason, with at least 60 days’ prior written notice, in the absence of our cure. Unless the manager declines to renew the management agreement or is terminated for cause, our manager will be paid accrued fees upon termination as described in the table below.

We may terminate the management agreement for cause effective upon 30 days’ prior written notice, without payment of any fees accrued, under certain conditions, including upon the occurrence of a breach of any material provision of the management agreement and such breach remains uncured for a period of 60 days, a bankruptcy event, a change of control which our independent directors determine to be materially detrimental to us, the dissolution of our manager, or a final judicial determination that out manager has committed fraud against us, embezzled our funds or otherwise acted in bad faith in a manner resulting in a materially adverse effect on us together with an affirmative vote of our independent directors. However, if the act or failure to act leading to such final determination was committed by a person other than an executive officer of our manager, our manager may cure the breach by terminating the employment of such person.

Compensation to Manager .  The management agreement provides for the manager to be paid fees in connection with services provided to us. These fees include acquisition, disposition, property management, leasing, asset management and construction, development and landscaping fees. In addition, the manager shall receive special limited partnership interest in the operating partnership.

We will not reimburse the manager or its affiliates for services for which the manager or its affiliates are entitled to compensation in the form of a separate fee. If the manager or its affiliates perform services that are outside of the scope of the management agreement, we will compensate them at rates and in amounts agreed upon by the manager and the independent directors.

Other than as set forth in the following paragraph, our manager bears the expenses it incurs in connection with performing its duties under the management agreement. These include salaries and fringe benefits of its directors and officers, travel costs and other administrative expenses of its directors or officers.

We may reimburse our manager for certain costs and expenses it incurs in connection with the services it provides to us including, but not limited to:

acquisition expenses incurred in connection with the selection and acquisition of investments;
general and administrative expenses fee;
expenses in connection with the issuance of our securities, any financing transaction and other costs incident to the acquisition, disposition and financing of our investments;
costs of legal, tax, accounting, consulting, auditing and other similar services rendered to us by providers retained by our manager, or, if provided by our manager’s personnel, in amounts which are no greater than those which would be payable to outside professionals or consultants engaged to perform such services pursuant to agreements negotiated on an arm’s-length basis;
the compensation and expenses of our directors and the cost of liability insurance to indemnify us, our officers and our directors;
expenses connected with communications to our securities holders or the holders of securities of any of our subsidiaries and other bookkeeping and clerical work necessary in maintaining relations with holders of such securities and in complying with the continuous reporting and other requirements of governmental bodies or agencies, including all costs of preparing and filing required reports with the SEC, the costs payable by us to any transfer agent and registrar in connection with the listing and/or trading of our securities on any exchange, the fees payable by us to any such exchange in

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connection with the listing of our shares, costs of preparing, printing and mailing our annual report to our stockholders or our operating partnership’s partners, as applicable, and proxy materials with respect to any meeting of our stockholders or our operating partnership’s partners, as applicable;
costs associated with any computer software or hardware, electronic equipment or purchased information technology services from third-party vendors that is used for us or our subsidiaries;
expenses incurred by managers, officers, personnel and agents of our manager for travel on our behalf and other out-of-pocket expenses incurred by managers, officers, personnel and agents of our manager in connection with the purchase, financing, refinancing, sale or other disposition of an investment or in connection with any financing transaction;
costs and expenses incurred with respect to market information systems and publications, research publications and materials, and settlement, clearing and custodial fees and expenses;
the costs of maintaining compliance with all federal, state and local rules and regulations or any other regulatory agency;
all taxes and license fees;
all insurance costs incurred in connection with the operation of our business except for the costs attributable to the insurance that our manager elects to carry for itself and its personnel;
costs and expenses incurred in contracting with third parties;
all other costs and expenses relating to our business and investment operations, including acquisition expenses and the costs and expenses of owning, protecting, maintaining, developing and disposing of investments, including appraisal, reporting, audit and legal fees;
expenses relating to any office(s) or office facilities, including disaster backup recovery sites and facilities, maintained for us or our subsidiaries or our investments separate from the office or offices of our manager;
expenses connected with the payments of interest, dividends or distributions in cash or any other form authorized or caused to be made by our board of directors, our operating partnership or other governing body to or on account of holders of our securities or the securities of any subsidiary, including in connection with any dividend reinvestment plan;
any judgment or settlement of pending or threatened proceedings (whether civil, criminal or otherwise) against us or any subsidiary, or against any trustee, director, partner, member or officer of our company or our subsidiaries in his or her capacity as such for which we are or such subsidiary is required to indemnify such trustee, director, partner, member or officer pursuant to the applicable governing instruments or any agreement or other instrument or by any court or governmental agency;
personnel costs (as described below); and
all other expenses actually incurred by our manager which are reasonably necessary or advisable for the performance by our manager of its duties and functions under the management agreement.

The officers and key personnel of our manager may spend a portion of their time on activities unrelated to us. It is currently anticipated that John A. Williams and Leonard A. Silverstein will spend substantially all of their business time on our behalf. Each of the other two executive officers, including Messrs. Cronin and Leseman, currently is expected to spend a significant portion of their business time on our behalf but may not always spend a majority of their time on our behalf. In addition to the four executive officers listed above, our manager employs personnel who have extensive experience in selecting and managing commercial properties similar to the properties sought to be acquired by us, none of which personnel is expected to spend a majority of time on our behalf.

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Our manager will be responsible for the expenses related to any and all personnel of our manager and its affiliates who provide services to us under the management agreement (including each of our officers and directors who are also directors, officers, employees or agents of our manager or any of its affiliates), including salaries, bonus and other wages, payroll taxes, the cost of employee benefit plans of such personnel, and costs of insurance with respect to such personnel. The anticipated amount of reimbursement to our manager for personnel costs will be evaluated on an ongoing basis. Such reimbursement will be based on a number of factors, including profitability, funds available and our ability to pay distributions from cash flow generated from operations. The currently anticipated amount of reimbursement on an annual basis for our four executive officers is as follows:

 
Executive   Anticipated
Reimbursement
Amounts for
Compensation (1)
John A. Williams   $ 250,000  
Leonard A. Silverstein   $ 200,000  
Michael J. Cronin   $ 100,000  
William F. Leseman   $ 100,000  
Total   $ 650,000  

(1) Includes base salary, bonuses and related benefits. Equity awards may be issued in the future by the compensation committee of our board of directors. The timing and amount of any such equity award is not presently known.

Fees Payable Upon Termination of the Management Agreement .  If the management agreement is terminated by reason of a change of control of our company, by us without cause, by the manager for good reason or upon our liquidation, the manager will be entitled to receive payment of any earned but unpaid compensation and expense reimbursements accrued as of the date of termination.

The manager will be entitled to receive all accrued but unpaid compensation in cash on the effective date of the termination.

Liability and Indemnification of Manager .  Under the management agreement, we also will be required to indemnify the manager and to pay or reimburse reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding with respect to the manager’s acts or omissions. For details regarding these limitations and circumstances under which we are required or authorized to indemnify and to advance expenses to the manager, see “Our Management — Limitation of Liability and Indemnification.”

Other Activities of Manager and its Affiliates .  The manager and its affiliates expect to engage in other business ventures, and as a result, their resources will not be dedicated exclusively to our business. However, pursuant to the management agreement, the manager must devote sufficient resources to our administration to discharge its obligations. The manager may assign the management agreement to an affiliate upon approval of a majority of the independent directors. We may assign or transfer the management agreement to a successor entity.

Amendment of the Management Agreement .  The management agreement can be amended by a written instrument that is signed by all the parties to that agreement (or their successors or assigns, where applicable).

Potential Acquisition of Manager .  Many REITs which are listed on a national stock exchange are considered “self-administered,” since the employees of such a REIT perform all significant management functions. In contrast, REITs that are not self-administered, like us, typically engage a third party, such as our manager, to perform management functions on its behalf. If for any reason our independent directors determine that we should become self-administered, we are not prohibited from acquiring the business conducted by the manager (including all of its assets). See the section entitled “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions — Conflicts of Interest” included elsewhere in this prospectus. Any such transaction will occur, if at all, only if our board of directors obtains a fairness opinion from a recognized financial advisor or institution providing valuation services to the effect that the consideration to be paid therefor is fair, from a financial point of view, to our stockholders.

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Management Compensation

The following table summarizes the fees and expense reimbursements that we will pay to our manager (or persons affiliated with or related to our manager, including our officers) and to our independent directors (amounts estimated based on the full exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option):

   
Type of Compensation   Determination of Amount   Estimated Amount
Organizational and Offering Expenses   We will reimburse our manager up to 2% of gross offering proceeds for actual expenses incurred in connection with our formation and the offering. Organizational and offering expenses include all expenses to be paid by us in connection with the offering, such as our legal, accounting, printing, mailing and filing fees, charges of our escrow holder and transfer agent, reimbursement of bona fide, itemized and detailed due diligence expenses of our underwriters and our underwriters’ legal fees.   $1,135,000
     Acquisition and Operational Stage     
Acquisition Fees   Fees payable to our manager in the amount of 1.0% of the gross contract purchase price of the property, loan or other real estate-related asset purchased, for services in connection with selecting, evaluating and acquiring such asset. For purposes of this prospectus, “gross contract purchase price” means the amount actually paid or allocated in respect of the purchase of a property or the amount actually paid or allocated in respect of the purchase of loans or other real-estate related assets, in each case inclusive of acquisition expenses and any indebtedness assumed or incurred in respect of such investment but exclusive of acquisition fees.   $475,750 (assuming
no debt)
  
$1,359,286 (assuming
we incur our
expected leverage
of 65% of
acquisition cost)
$1,903,000
(assuming we incur
our maximum
leverage of 75% of
acquisition cost)

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Type of Compensation   Determination of Amount   Estimated Amount
Acquisition Expenses (1)   We will reimburse our manager for expenses actually incurred (including personnel costs) related to selecting, evaluating and acquiring assets on our behalf, regardless of whether we actually acquire the related assets. Personnel costs associated with providing such services will be determined based on the amount of time incurred by the applicable employee of our manager and the corresponding payroll and payroll related costs incurred by our affiliate. In addition, we also will pay third parties, or reimburse our manager or its affiliates, for any investment-related expenses due to third parties, including, but not limited to, legal fees and expenses, travel and communications expenses, costs of appraisals, accounting fees and expenses, third-party brokerage or finder’s fees, title insurance expenses, survey expenses, property inspection expenses and other closing costs, regardless of whether we acquire the related assets.   Not determinable
at this time.
Asset Management Fee (2)   We will pay our manager a monthly fee equal to one-twelfth of 0.50% of the total value of our assets (including cash or cash equivalents) based on the adjusted cost of our assets before reduction for depreciation, amortization, impairment charges and cumulative acquisition costs charged to expense in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, (adjusted cost will include the purchase price, acquisition expenses, capital expenditures and other customarily capitalized costs). This fee will be payable monthly in arrears, based on assets held by us on the last date of the prior month, adjusted for appropriate closing dates for individual property acquisitions.   Not determinable
at this time.

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Type of Compensation   Determination of Amount   Estimated Amount
Property Management and Leasing Fee (2)   We will pay our manager a monthly fee equal to 4% of the monthly gross revenues of our properties managed, for services in connection with the rental, leasing, operation and management of our properties and the supervision of any third parties that are engaged by our manager to provide such services. Our manager may subcontract the performance of its property management and leasing services duties to third parties or affiliates and pay all or a portion of its property management fee to such persons with whom it contracts for these services. Our manager will be responsible for all fees payable to third parties or affiliates in connection with subcontracted property management and leasing duties. The property management and leasing fee will be payable monthly in arrears, based on the actual gross revenues for the prior month.   Not determinable
at this time.
General and Administrative Expenses Fee (1) (2) (3)   We will pay our manager a monthly fee equal to 2% of the monthly gross revenues of our properties.   Not determinable
at this time.
Disposition Fee on Sale of Assets   We may pay our manager a commission upon the sale of one or more of our properties or other assets in an amount equal to the lesser of (a) one-half of the commission that would be reasonable, customary and competitive in light of the size, type and location of the asset, and (b) 1% of the sale price of the asset. Payment of such fee may be made only if the manager provides a substantial amount of services in connection with the sale of the asset as determined by a majority of our independent directors. In addition, the amount paid when added to all other commissions paid to unaffiliated parties in connection with such sale shall not exceed the lesser of (1) the commission that would be reasonable, customary and competitive in light of the size, type and location of the asset and (2) an amount equal to 6% of the sale price of such asset.   Not determinable
at this time
because actual
amounts are
dependent upon
the sale price of
specific
assets and what
would be
reasonable,
customary and
competitive at the
time of sale.

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Type of Compensation   Determination of Amount   Estimated Amount
Construction Fee, Development Fee and Landscaping Fee   We will pay our manager a construction fee, development fee and landscaping fee at market rates customary and competitive in light of the size, type and location of the asset in connection with the construction, development or landscaping of a property, or for management and oversight of expansion projects and other capital improvements.   Not determinable
at this time
because actual
amounts are
dependent upon
market rates in
light of the size,
type and location
of the asset.
Accrued Fees Upon Termination   If the management agreement is terminated by reason of a change of control, by us without cause, by the manager for good reason or upon our liquidation, the manager will be entitled to receive payment of any earned but unpaid compensation and expense reimbursements accrued as of the date of termination.   Not determinable
at this time.
Awards Under Our Stock Incentive Plan   We have adopted a stock incentive plan pursuant to which our directors, officers and employees (if we ever have employees), employees of our manager and its affiliates, employees of entities that provide services to us, directors of our manager or of entities that provide services to us, certain of our consultants and certain consultants to our manager and its affiliates or entities that provide services to us may be granted equity incentive awards in the form of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, performance shares or other stock-based awards. Our compensation committee will determine all awards under our stock incentive plan and the vesting schedule for the grants.   The total number of shares that may be made subject to awards under our stock incentive plan will not exceed 567,500 shares of our common stock.

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Type of Compensation   Determination of Amount   Estimated Amount
Compensation to Independent Directors   We pay to each of our independent directors a retainer of $50,000 per year. We also pay an annual retainer of $10,000 to the chair of our audit committee. In addition, each independent director will be paid a fee of $2,000 for each board committee meeting the director attends in person and reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with attendance of meetings of our board or board committees. We may issue shares of our common stock pursuant to our stock incentive plan in lieu of paying an independent director his or her annual fees and/or meeting fees in cash. Any fees owed to our independent directors will be paid in shares of restricted common stock for the first two years after our initial public offering. Afterwards, any such fees may be paid in cash or stock. Our independent directors also may receive awards under our stock incentive plan. Our compensation committee will determine all awards to our independent directors under our stock incentive plan and the vesting schedule for the grants.   The independent directors, as a group, will receive for a full fiscal year estimated aggregate compensation of approximately $350,000, payable in cash or shares of our common stock.

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Type of Compensation   Determination of Amount   Estimated Amount
     Liquidation Stage     
Special Limited Partnership Interest   Our manager will receive a special limited partnership interest in our operating partnership entitling it to distributions from our operating partnership equal to 15% of the amount by which the sum of the net selling price of each asset (which equals the proceeds actually received by us from the sale of an asset after paying off outstanding debt related to the sold asset and paying any seller related closing costs, including any commission paid to our manager in connection with the sale of the asset, less expenses allocable to the sold asset) plus distributions in respect of such asset exceeds the sum of the aggregate capital contributed by investors in respect of such asset plus an amount that would be equal to a 7% cumulative, non-compounded annual return to investors in respect of such asset (such sum, the “Preferred Return”). In addition, prior to any payment of distributions with respect to the special limited partnership interest for a sold asset, an amount equal to the Preferred Return for all previously sold assets must have been paid to the investors. Moreover, to the extent a distribution with respect to the special limited partnership interest has been paid to our manager for any assets sold within 60 days prior to the sale of an asset in which the Preferred Return for that asset was not met, our manager must return to us an amount up to the distribution so received for the assets sold within such 60-day period, which will be applied to any Preferred Return shortfall actually arising from the sale of the subsequent asset. Our manager is entitled to the distributions related to its special limited partnership interest in addition to any commission that may be payable to the manager upon the disposition of our assets as described above.   Not determinable at
this time.

(1) Amounts paid in respect of acquisition expenses and the general and administrative expenses fee include our portion of any expenses incurred by our manager on behalf of joint ventures in which we are a joint venturer.
(2) The total amount of the asset management, property management and leasing and general and administrative fees and expenses paid or reimbursed to our manager will be capped at 1.50% of total value of our assets (including cash and cash equivalents) based on the adjusted cost of our assets before reduction for depreciation, amortization, impairment charges and cumulative acquisition costs charged to

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expense in accordance with GAAP (adjusted cost will include the purchase price, acquisition expenses, capital expenditures and other customarily capitalized costs).
(3) In addition to the general and administrative expenses fee, we may reimburse our manager for certain costs and expenses it incurs in connection with the services it provides to us, including, but not limited to, personnel costs, as described above in this section, “ — Management Agreement.”

Investment Committee

Our manager will have an investment committee which will meet periodically, at least every quarter, to discuss investment opportunities. The investment committee will periodically review our investment portfolio and its compliance with our investment guidelines described above, and provide our board of directors an investment report at the end of each quarter in conjunction with its review of our quarterly results. From time to time, as it deems appropriate or necessary, our board of directors also will review our investment portfolio and its compliance with our investment guidelines and the appropriateness of our investment guidelines and strategies.

1% Manager Revenue Interest

WOF will hold a special limited liability company interest in our manager, which interest will entitle WOF to receive an aggregate of 1% of the gross revenues (excluding amounts to reimburse our initial costs, other reimbursed expenses, and any gross revenues related to property management and leasing fees) of our manager received, directly or indirectly, from us and our operating partnership or our controlled affiliates (including any subsidiaries and/or joint ventures), or the 1% Manager Revenue Interest. Initial costs will include (a) legal and accounting fees and expenses related to organization of the company, the operating partnership and our manager as well as the private placement to WOF, (b) brokerage and advisory services, (c) capital raising costs for sales of common stock, and (d) legal, financial and regulatory fees and expenses and other expenses described in “Part II — Information Not Required in Prospectus” of this registration statement.

WOF will have the right to transfer all or part of the 1% Manager Revenue Interest to any of its affiliates without the consent of the manager. WOF will grant our manager a right of first offer prior to any transfer to a non-affiliate. Our Manager and WOF have agreed that, after a holding period of one year, either party may trigger a sale of the 1% Manager Revenue Interest to the Manager. The sale price for the 1% Manager Revenue Interest will be determined using the average of the valuation appraisals received from two independent appraisers that have reasonably suitable experience in business valuations.

For so long as WOF and any permitted transferees thereof hold the 1% Manager Revenue Interest, they will be entitled to receive an aggregate of 1% of the gross proceeds actually received by our manager, from any sale of all or substantially all of, or the internalization of, our manager.

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PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDERS

The following table provides information regarding the number and percentage of shares of our common stock beneficially owned by each director and director nominee, each executive officer, any person known to us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of our outstanding shares, all directors and executive officers as a group and all selling stockholders. The table below assumes that the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment option. In accordance with SEC rules, each listed person’s beneficial ownership includes all shares the investor actually owns beneficially or of record, all shares over which the investor has or shares voting or dispositive control (such as in the capacity as a general partner of an investment fund), and all shares the investor has the right to acquire within 60 days (such as shares of restricted common stock that are currently vested or which are scheduled to vest within 60 days). Except as otherwise provided, all shares are owned directly, and the indicated person has sole voting and investing power. Unless otherwise indicated, the business address of the stockholders listed below is the address of our principal executive office, 3625 Cumberland Boulevard, Suite 400, Atlanta, Georgia 30339.

Immediately prior to the closing of the underwritten offering, we will complete the irrevocable private placement offering to WOF, pursuant to which WOF will purchase 500,000 shares of common stock at the same price per share as the initial public offering price in the underwritten offering, without payment of underwriting discounts and commissions by us. WOF is a private, closed-end real estate fund operated by Williams Realty Advisors, LLC, an affiliate of our sponsor.

       
  Percentage of Common Stock Outstanding
     Immediately prior to
the private placement offering
and the underwritten offering
  Immediately after
the private placement offering
and the underwritten offering (1) (4)
Beneficial Owner   Shares owned   Percentage   Shares owned   Percentage
Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC (2) (3) (4)                 500,000       9.99 %  
NELL Partners, Inc.     36,666 (5) (6)       100 %       36,666 (5) (6)       0.73 %  
John A. Williams (3) (4)     36,666 (5) (6)       100 %       36,666 (5) (6)       0.73 %  
Leonard A. Silverstein (3) (4)     36,666 (5) (6)       100 %       36,666 (5) (6)       0.73 %  

(1) Up to 650,000 shares of our common stock are being offered to Williams Realty Fund I, LLC, an affiliate of our sponsor, through our directed share program. If Williams Realty Fund I, LLC purchases all such shares at the closing of the offerings, it will be the beneficial owner of 12.91% of our common stock. John A. Williams and Leonard A. Silverstein are two members of the five-member investment committee of Williams Realty Fund I, LLC. The other members of the investment committee consist of John A. Williams’ son, John A. Williams, Jr., and two independent members. The investment committee will control the voting and investment power of these shares.
(2) Up to 250,000 shares of our common stock may be offered to Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC, an affiliate of our sponsor, through our directed share program. If we make this offer and Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC purchases all such shares at the closing of the offerings, it will be the beneficial owner of 14.89% of our common stock (such percentage includes the shares of common stock to be purchased by Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC in the private placement offering).
(3) John A. Williams and Leonard A. Silverstein are two members of the five-member investment committee of Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC. The other members of the investment committee consist of John A. Williams’ son, John A. Williams, Jr., Michael J. Cronin, our Chief Accounting Officer and Treasurer, and an employee of a company controlled by John A. Williams. Subject to the review and approval by an external, independent advisory committee as to affiliate transactions and other conflicts of interest, the investment committee will control the voting and investment power of these shares.
(4) If all the shares of common stock referred to in footnote 1 above are purchased by Williams Realty Fund I, LLC and all the shares of common stock that may be offered to Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC as described in footnote 2 above are purchased by Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC, then Williams Realty Fund I, LLC and Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC collectively will own 27.80% of our common stock (such percentage includes the shares of common stock purchased by Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC in the private placement offering).
(5) John A. Williams and Leonard A. Silverstein share joint voting and investment power of these shares.
(6) Although John A. Williams and Leonard A. Silverstein share joint voting and investment power of the shares held by NELL Partners, Inc., each disclaims any economic interest in such shares, 70% of which

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are owned indirectly by the Nancy Ann Richardson Williams Children’s Trust, formed on January 30, 1995, and 30% of which are owned indirectly by the Northside Partners Trust, formed on November 2, 2009, a trust created by Leonard A. Silverstein’s spouse for the benefit of their children.

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS

Agreements With Institutional and Other Investors

Williams Opportunity Fund – Private Placement Offering

Private Placement .  Pursuant the terms of the subscription agreement relating to the private placement offering with WOF, WOF will purchase 500,000 shares of common stock at the assumed price of $10.00 per share of common stock, without payment of underwriting discounts and commissions by us, for total gross proceeds to us of approximately $5 million. The closing of the private placement offering will occur immediately prior to the closing of the underwritten offering. WOF is an affiliate of our sponsor, John A. Williams. WOF has agreed with the underwriters, for a period of 180 days after the date of this prospectus, subject to certain exceptions, not to, directly or indirectly, offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase or otherwise transfer or dispose of any of our common stock issued in connection with the private placement offering or any other securities that are convertible or exchangeable for our common stock issued in connection with the private placement offering or file any registration statement with respect to any of the foregoing or enter into any swap or any other agreement or any transaction that transfers the economic ownership of the common stock issued in connection with the private placement offering without the prior written consent of the representatives.

Registration Rights .  Concurrently with the closing of the private placement offering, we expect to enter into a registration rights agreement for the benefit of WOF in connection with its holdings of common stock.

WOF will have piggyback registration rights. If we propose to register under the Securities Act any common stock, whether or not for the sale for our own account or for the account of another person, other than pursuant to this offering, WOF may include in such registration statement the number of shares of common stock as WOF may request, subject to the terms and upon the conditions set forth in the registration rights agreement.

Common Stock Issuance

We issued 33,333 shares of our Class B Common Stock for total gross proceeds to us of $99,999 to NELL Partners, Inc., an entity controlled by John A. Williams and Leonard A. Silverstein. In addition, we issued 3,333 shares of our Class A Common Stock for total gross proceeds to us of $9,999 to NELL Partners, Inc. Pursuant to a change in the designation of our shares of Class A Common Stock to common stock and a change of each of our issued and outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock to one issued and outstanding share of common stock, all pursuant to an amendment to our charter filed on February 22, 2011, NELL Partners now holds 36,666 shares of common stock.

Williams Opportunity Fund – Promissory Notes

As of February 14, 2011, we had three outstanding promissory notes each given to WOF. The first note represents funds borrowed on September 2, 2010 from WOF for payment of organization and offering expenses in the amount of $465,050. Each of the second and third notes evidences an unsecured line of credit arrangement with WOF in the amount of $1,000,000. One line of credit is to be used to fund approved expenses incurred by us. We borrowed $236,000, $519,880, $50,000, $138,157.40 and $55,944 on October 13, 2010, October 19, 2010, December 29, 2010, January 18, 2011 and February 4, 2011, respectively, against this line of credit, in order to fund additional approved organizational offering and property acquisition costs. The other line of credit is to be used to fund certain approved deposits and escrows related to the acquisition of investments and related financings. We borrowed approximately $200,000 on October 15, 2010 against this line of credit, in order to fund a fully refundable non-binding earnest money deposit on a potential acquisition. On January 18, 2011, in connection with our termination of a non-binding purchase agreement for a potential acquisition, we received $150,000 in earnest money back. On January 20, 2011, we used the refunded earnest money to pay $150,000 to WOF for amounts outstanding under our deposits line of credit. Of the $150,000

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paid to WOF, $147,741.10 was credited to outstanding principal and $2,258.90 was credited to accrued but unpaid interest, leaving an outstanding principal balance of $52,258.90 on our deposits line of credit as of January 20, 2011. Each of the three notes has an interest rate of 4.25% per annum and all amounts due thereunder are due on March 31, 2011, including all accrued and unpaid interest on such note. No amounts have been paid by us in respect of any of the promissory notes.

Real Estate Property Acquisitions

We have identified two real estate investments for potential acquisition. We have entered into purchase agreements with third parties affiliated with our manager for the purchase of 100% of the membership interests in each of Oxford Rise JV, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, or Oxford Rise, and Oxford Summit Partners, LLC, a Georgia limited liability company, or Oxford Summit, each of which owns one fee-simple multifamily apartment community. WOF and Oxford Rise Partners LLC, a Georgia limited liability company, together hold all of the equity interests in Oxford Rise. Williams Realty Fund I, LLC and Oxford Summit Development, LLC, a Georgia limited liability company, together hold all of the equity interests in Oxford Summit. Our sponsor is the ultimate manager of both WOF and Williams Realty Fund I, LLC and our sponsor has an approximate 1.6% membership interest in WOF and an approximate 7.67% interest in Williams Realty Fund I, LLC.

The acquisition price for each property was determined pursuant to the appraisals of two independent real estate appraisers. The total acquisition price, excluding acquisition-related and financing-related transaction costs, will be approximately $30.2 million for Oxford Rise and approximately $33.2 million for Oxford Summit. From the acquisition price for Oxford Rise, WOF anticipates receiving approximately $62,000 in net proceeds, of which our sponsor's share is approximate $1,000. From the acquisition price for Oxford Summit, Williams Realty Fund I, LLC anticipates receiving approximately $7 million in net proceeds, of which our sponsor's share is approximately $0.5 million. It is expected that these acquisitions will be completed shortly after the consummation of the offerings. The purchase price for the two properties will be paid from proceeds of the offerings as well as proceeds obtained, if any, from planned debt financing activities. For a description of the properties and the terms of the purchase agreements, see the section entitled “Description of Real Estate Investments” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Directed Share Program

In connection with our underwritten offering, we may offer to Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC, an affiliate of our sponsor, up to 250,000 shares of our common stock through our directed share program. In addition, in connection with our underwritten offering, Williams Realty Fund I, LLC, an affiliate of our sponsor, has indicated an interest in purchasing up to 650,000 shares of our common stock through our directed share program. We also may sell up to 2% of the shares of common stock available for purchase in the underwritten offering to other affiliates of our sponsor under our directed share program.

Conflicts of Interest

We are subject to various conflicts of interest arising out of our relationship with Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC, our manager, and its affiliates, including conflicts related to the arrangements pursuant to which Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC and its affiliates will be compensated by us. Our agreements and compensation arrangements with our manager and its affiliates were not determined by arm’s-length negotiations. We anticipate that future acquisitions by us of assets likely will be mostly from unaffiliated third parties, but we would still consider an acquisition from an affiliated third party if such acquisition made financial sense to us and was approved by our conflicts committee comprised of independent directors. See the section entitled “Our Manager and Management Agreement” included elsewhere in this prospectus. Some of the conflicts of interest in our transactions with our manager and its affiliates, and the limitations on our manager adopted to address these conflicts, are described below.

Our manager and its affiliates will try to balance our interests with their duties to other John A. Williams-sponsored programs. However, to the extent that our manager or its affiliates take actions that are more favorable to other entities than to us, these actions could have a negative impact on our financial performance and, consequently, on distributions to you and the value of our stock. In addition, our directors, officers and certain of our stockholders may engage for their own account in business activities of the types conducted or

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to be conducted by our subsidiaries and us. For a description of some of the risks related to these conflicts of interest, see the section entitled “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Our independent directors have an obligation to function on our behalf in all situations in which a conflict of interest may arise, and all of our directors have a duty to act in a manner reasonably believed to be in our best interests.

Interests in Other Real Estate Programs

Affiliates of our officers and directors and entities owned or managed by such affiliates may acquire or develop real estate for their own accounts, and have done so in the past. Furthermore, except in certain circumstances, affiliates of our officers and directors and entities owned or managed by such affiliates may form additional real estate investment entities in the future, whether public or private, which can be expected to have the same investment objectives and policies as we do and which may be involved in the same geographic area, and such persons may be engaged in sponsoring one or more of such entities at approximately the same time as our shares of common stock are being offered. Our manager, its affiliates and affiliates of our officers and directors are not obligated to present to us any particular investment opportunity that comes to their attention, unless such opportunity is of a character that might be suitable for investment by us. Our manager and its affiliates likely will experience conflicts of interest as they simultaneously perform services for us and other affiliated real estate programs.

Since 2005, certain of our officers and directors and their affiliates have sponsored three private real estate programs, including one program focused on acquiring residential real estate assets and two programs focused primarily on developing real estate assets across multiple property types. All three of these programs are still operating, but only one of them, William Multifamily Acquisition Fund, has an investment objective that is similar to ours. In addition, an affiliate of one of our officers, William F. Leseman, has performed as the property manager for a number of third party clients, assisting these clients in the operation of their multifamily real estate assets and advising these clients in connection with sales of their multifamily real estate assets. Williams Residential Management, LLC also performs as a property manager for all owned assets within the Williams umbrella group. Conflicts of interest may arise between us and our sponsor’s prior programs, between us and future programs, between us and the institutional investors for which RAM Partners, LLC serves as the third party property manager, and between us and affiliates of our sponsor for which Williams Residential Management, LLC serves as the property manager.

Any affiliated entity, whether or not currently existing, could compete with us in the sale or operation of the properties. We will seek to achieve any operating efficiency or similar savings that may result from affiliated management of competitive properties. However, to the extent that affiliates own or acquire property that is adjacent, or in close proximity, to a property we own, our property may compete with the affiliate’s property for tenants or purchasers.

Every transaction that we enter into with our manager or its affiliates is subject to an inherent conflict of interest. Our board of directors may encounter conflicts of interest in enforcing our rights against any affiliate in the event of a default by or disagreement with an affiliate or in invoking powers, rights or options pursuant to any agreement between us and our manager or any of its affiliates.

Other Activities of Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC and Its Affiliates

We will rely on Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC for the day-to-day operation of our business. As a result of the interests of members of its management in other John A. Williams-sponsored programs and the fact that they also are engaged, and will continue to engage, in other business activities, Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC and its affiliates have conflicts of interest in allocating their time between us and other John A. Williams-sponsored programs and other activities in which they are involved. Our executive officers and the key professionals associated with Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC who provide services to us are not obligated to devote a fixed amount of their time to us, but Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC believes that our executive officers and the other key professionals have sufficient time to discharge fully their responsibilities to us and to the other business in which they are involved. In addition, Preferred Apartment

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Advisors, LLC believes that it and its affiliates have sufficient time and personnel to discharge fully their responsibilities to us and all the John A. Williams-sponsored programs and other ventures in which they are involved.

In addition, each of our executive officers also serves as an officer of our manager and/or other affiliated entities. As a result, these individuals owe fiduciary duties to these other entities, in addition to the duties that they owe to us.

We may purchase properties or interests in properties from affiliates of Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC. The prices we pay to affiliates of our manager for these properties will not be the subject of arm’s-length negotiations, which could mean that the acquisitions may be on terms less favorable to us than those negotiated with unaffiliated parties.

Competition in Acquiring, Leasing and Operating of Properties

Conflicts of interest will exist to the extent that we may acquire, or seek to acquire, properties in the same geographic areas where properties owned by other John A. Williams-sponsored programs are located. In such a case, a conflict could arise in the acquisition or leasing of properties if we and another John A. Williams-sponsored program were to compete for the same properties or tenants in negotiating leases, or a conflict could arise in connection with the resale of properties if we and another John A. Williams-sponsored program were to attempt to sell similar properties at the same time. Conflicts of interest also may exist at such time as we or our affiliates managing property on our behalf seek to employ developers, contractors or building managers, as well as under other circumstances. Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC will seek to reduce conflicts relating to the employment of developers, contractors or building managers by making prospective employees aware of all such properties seeking to employ such persons. In addition, Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC will seek to reduce conflicts that may arise with respect to properties available for sale or rent by making prospective purchasers or tenants aware of all such properties. However, these conflicts cannot be fully avoided in that there may be established differing compensation arrangements for employees at different properties or differing terms for resales or leasing of the various properties.

Moreover, our charter provides that none of John A. Williams and his affiliates has a duty to refrain from engaging directly or indirectly in the same or similar business activities or lines of business as us, and none of our officers or directors who is a director, officer or employee of one or more of John A. Williams’ affiliates will be liable to us or our stockholders for breach of any duty by reason of any such activities. Our charter further provides that if John A. Williams or any of the officers and directors of one of his affiliates acquires knowledge of a potential transaction or matter that may be a business opportunity for us, John A. Williams or such officer or director will have no duty to communicate or offer such business opportunity to us and will not be liable to us or any of our stockholders for breach of any duty by reason of the fact that such business opportunity is not communicated or offered to us unless such business opportunity is offered to such person in his or her capacity as one of our directors or officers. Any person purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in any shares of our stock will be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to these provisions.

Special Limited Partnership Interest

At the sale of each individual asset, our manager may be entitled to distributions from our operating partnership on the special limited partnership interest held by our manager, also known as the “promote”, equal to 15% of the remaining net sale proceeds on each asset sale after the investors have received a return of (a) their aggregate investment in the sold real estate asset (which includes their initial investment and any additional investments prior to the sale), less the distributions of cash available for distribution from such real estate asset, plus (b) a first level return on the sold asset, which would be a property cumulative, non-compounded annual return of 7% on the net investment in the sold asset ( i.e. , the Preferred Return), plus (c) the aggregate cumulative shortfall at the time of the asset sale, which is the amount of the net investment and the Preferred Return not distributed after the sale of a real estate asset to stockholders and limited partners as the Preferred Return, calculated on a real estate asset by real estate asset basis aggregated for all assets previously sold. Moreover, to the extent a distribution with respect to the special limited partnership interest has been paid to our manager for any assets sold within 60 days prior to the sale of an asset in which the Preferred Return for that asset was not met, our manager shall return to us an amount up to the distribution so

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received for the assets sold within such 60-day period, which shall be applied to any Preferred Return shortfall actually arising from the sale of the subsequent asset.

Lack of Separate Representation

Proskauer Rose LLP acts, and may in the future act, as counsel to us, Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC and its affiliates in connection with the offerings or otherwise. There is a possibility that in the future the interests of the various parties may become adverse, and under the Code of Professional Responsibility of the legal profession, Proskauer Rose LLP may be precluded from representing any one of such parties. If a dispute were to arise between us, Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC or any of its affiliates, separate counsel for such matters will be retained as and when appropriate.

Joint Ventures with Affiliates of our Manager

We may enter into joint ventures with other John A. Williams-sponsored programs (as well as other parties) for the acquisition, development or improvement of properties. See the section entitled “Business — Our Investment Strategy” included elsewhere in this prospectus. Our manager and its affiliates may have conflicts of interest in determining that a John A. Williams-sponsored program should enter into any particular joint venture agreement. The co-venturer may have economic or business interests or goals which are or which may become inconsistent with our business interests or goals. In addition, should any such joint venture be consummated, our manager may face a conflict in structuring the terms of the relationship between our interests and the interest of the co-venturer and in managing the joint venture. Since our manager and its affiliates will control both us and any affiliated co-venturer, agreements and transactions between the co-venturers with respect to any such joint venture will not have the benefit of arm’s-length negotiation of the type normally conducted between unrelated co-venturers.

Receipt of Fees and Other Compensation by our Manager and its Affiliates

Our manager and its affiliates will receive substantial fees from us, which fees have not been negotiated at arm’s length. Subject to oversight by our board of directors, our manager will have considerable discretion with respect to all decisions relating to the terms and timing of all transactions. The fees received by our manager and its affiliates could influence our manager’s advice to us as well as the judgment of affiliates of our manager, some of whom also serve as our executive officers and directors and as key professionals of our manager and its affiliates. Therefore, our manager may have conflicts of interest concerning certain actions taken on our behalf, particularly because such fees generally will be payable to our manager and its affiliates regardless of the quality of the properties acquired or the services provided to us. See the section entitled “Our Manager and Management Agreement” included elsewhere in this prospectus. Among other matters, these compensation arrangements could affect their judgment with respect to:

the continuation, renewal or enforcement of our agreements with our manager and its affiliates, including the management agreement;
sales of properties and other investments (including, subject to the approval of our conflicts committee, sales to affiliates), which entitles our manager to disposition fees and possible distributions with respect to the special limited partnership interest held by our manager; provided , however , that distributions with respect to the special limited partnership interest will only be payable after the return to the stockholders of their capital contributions related to each asset sold plus an amount that would be equal to the Preferred Return, i.e. , a 7% cumulative, non-compounded annual return on such capital; provided , further , however , that, to the extent a distribution with respect to the special limited partnership interest has been paid to our manager for any assets sold within 60 days prior to the sale of an asset in which the Preferred Return for that asset was not met, our manager shall return to us an amount up to the distribution so received for the assets sold within such 60-day period, which shall be applied to any Preferred Return shortfall actually arising from the sale of the subsequent asset;
acquisitions of properties and other investments, which entitles our manager to acquisition fees and asset management fees;
borrowings to acquire properties and other investments, which borrowings will increase the acquisition and asset-management fees payable to our manager; and

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whether we seek stockholder approval to internalize our management, which may entail acquiring assets (such as office space, furnishings, intellectual property and technology costs) and negotiating compensation for real estate professionals at our manager and its affiliates that may result in these individuals receiving more compensation from us than they currently receive from our manager and its affiliates.

Certain Conflict Resolution Procedures

Every transaction that we enter into with John A. Williams, WOF, our manager or any of their respective affiliates will be subject to an inherent conflict of interest. Our board of directors may encounter conflicts of interest in enforcing our rights against any affiliate in the event of a default by or disagreement with an affiliate or in invoking powers, rights or options pursuant to any agreement between us and John A. Williams, WOF, our manager or any of their respective affiliates.

In order to reduce or eliminate certain potential conflicts of interest, our conflicts committee will review (1) transactions we enter into with John A. Williams, WOF, our manager or any of their respective affiliates, and (2) the allocation of investment opportunities among affiliated entities. Our conflicts committee may restrict us from the following transactions:

Purchasing or leasing properties in which John A. Williams, WOF, our manager, any of our directors or any of their respective affiliates has an interest without a determination by a majority of the members of the conflicts committee not otherwise interested in such transaction that such transaction is fair and reasonable to us and at a price to us no greater than the cost of the property to the seller or lessor unless there is reasonable justification for any amount that exceeds such cost and such excess amount is determined to be reasonable. We may be restricted from acquiring any such property at an amount in excess of its appraised value. We may be restricted from selling or leasing properties to John A. Williams, WOF, our manager, any of our directors or any of their respective affiliates unless a majority of the members of the conflicts committee not otherwise interested in the transaction determines that the transaction is fair and reasonable to us.
Making any loans to John A. Williams, WOF, our manager, any of our directors or any of their respective affiliates, except for making or investing in mortgage, bridge or mezzanine loans involving John A. Williams, WOF, our manager, our directors or any of their respective affiliates. We may be required to obtain an appraisal of the underlying property from an independent appraiser and show that the transaction is approved as fair and reasonable to us and on terms no less favorable to us than those available from third parties. In addition, our conflicts committee may restrict John A. Williams, WOF, our manager, any of our directors or any of their respective affiliates from receiving loans from us or making loans to us or to joint ventures in which we are a joint venture partner unless approved by a majority of the members of the conflicts committee not otherwise interested in the transaction as fair, competitive and commercially reasonable, and no less favorable to us than comparable loans between unaffiliated parties.
Reimbursing John A. Williams, WOF, our manager or any of their respective affiliates, at cost, for actual expenses incurred by them on behalf of us or joint ventures in which we are a joint venture partner.
Investing in an investment opportunity that becomes available that is suitable, under all the factors considered by our manager, for both us and one or more other entities affiliated with our manager and for which more than one of such entities has sufficient uninvested funds, if another such entity has had the longest period of time elapse since it was offered an investment opportunity. Such entity will first be offered such investment opportunity. It will be the duty of our conflicts committee to insure that this method is applied fairly to us. In determining whether or not an investment opportunity is suitable for more than one program, our manager, subject to approval by our conflicts committee, shall examine, among others, the following factors:
º the anticipated cash flow of the property to be acquired and the cash requirements of each program;

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º the effect of the acquisition both on diversification of each program’s investments by type of property, geographic area and tenant concentration;
º the policy of each program relating to leverage of properties;
º the income tax effects of the purchase to each program;
º the size of the investment; and
º the amount of funds available to each program and the length of time such funds have been available for investment.
If a subsequent development, such as a delay in the closing of a property or a delay in the construction of a property, causes any such investment, in the opinion of our manager, to be more appropriate for a program other than the program that committed to make the investment, our manager may determine that another program affiliated with our manager or its affiliates will make the investment. Our conflicts committee has a duty to ensure that the method used by our manager for the allocation of the acquisition of properties by two or more affiliated programs seeking to acquire similar types of properties is applied fairly to us.
Accepting goods or services from John A. Williams, WOF, our manager or any of their respective affiliates or entering into any other transaction with John A. Williams, WOF, our manager or any of their respective affiliates unless a majority of the members of our conflicts committee not otherwise interested in the transaction approve such transaction as fair and reasonable to us and on terms and conditions not less favorable to us than those available from unaffiliated third parties.

The following chart shows the ownership structure of the various entities that are affiliated with Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. and Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC.

[GRAPHIC MISSING]

(1) NELL Partners, Inc. is controlled by John A. Williams, our sponsor, and Leonard A. Silverstein.
(2) Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC is controlled by NELL Partners, Inc. Other than the 1% Manager Revenue Interest (as defined in the section entitled “Our Manager and Management Agreement — 1% Manager Revenue Interest” included elsewhere in this prospectus) held by WOF, all interests of Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC are held by NELL Partners, Inc.
(3) The common stock investors in the underwritten offering will own registered shares of common stock of Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. The 500,000 shares of common stock acquired by WOF in the private placement offering will not be registered shares.
(4) NELL Partners, Inc. owns 36,666 shares of common stock and WOF will own 500,000 shares of common stock upon the consummation of the private placement offering. Up to 650,000 shares of common stock are being offered to Williams Realty Fund I, LLC in the underwritten offering and up to 250,000 shares of common stock may be offered WOF in the underwritten offering. We also may sell up

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to 2% of the shares of common stock available for purchase in the underwritten offering to other affiliates of our sponsor under our directed share program.
(5) Each property is expected to be held in a special purpose entity.
(6) As the special limited partner of the operating partnership, our manager is entitled to receive a participation in net sales proceeds of our investments. See the section entitled “Our Manager and Management Agreement — Management Compensation — Special Limited Partnership Interest” included elsewhere in this prospectus for information relating to the calculation of distributions with respect to the special limited partnership interest and conditions under which it may be paid.

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DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES

General

We were formed under the laws of the state of Maryland. The rights of our stockholders are governed by Maryland law as well as our charter and by-laws. The following summary of the terms of our capital stock is only a summary, and you should refer to the Maryland General Corporation Law and our charter and by-laws for a full description. The following summary is qualified in its entirety by the detailed information contained in our charter and by-laws. Copies of our charter and by-laws are filed as exhibits to the registration statement, of which this prospectus is a part. See the section entitled “Where You Can Find Additional Information” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Our charter authorizes us to issue up to up to 415,066,666 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share and 15,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share. Our charter authorizes our board of directors to amend our charter from time to time to increase or decrease the aggregate number of authorized shares of stock or the number of shares of stock of any class or series without stockholder approval. Prior to the offerings, 36,666 shares of common stock were issued and outstanding on a fully diluted basis. After giving effect to the private placement offering and the underwritten offering described in this prospectus and assuming no exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option and no exercise by International Assets Advisory, LLC of the financial advisor warrant, 5,036,666 shares of common stock will be issued and outstanding on a fully diluted basis. Under Maryland law, stockholders are not generally liable for our debts or obligations.

Our charter also contains a provision permitting our board of directors, by resolution, to classify or reclassify any unissued common stock or preferred stock into one or more classes or series by setting or changing the preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends or other distributions, qualifications, or terms or conditions of redemption of any new class or series of stock, subject to certain restrictions, including the express terms of any class or series of stock outstanding at the time. We believe that the power to classify or reclassify unissued shares of stock and thereafter issue the classified or reclassified shares provides us with increased flexibility in structuring possible future financings and acquisitions and in meeting other needs that might arise.

Our charter and by-laws contain certain provisions that could make it more difficult to acquire control of our company by means of a tender offer, a proxy contest or otherwise. These provisions are expected to discourage certain types of coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids and to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of our company to negotiate first with our board of directors. We believe that these provisions increase the likelihood that proposals initially will be on more attractive terms than would be the case in their absence and facilitate negotiations that may result in improvement of the terms of an initial offer that might involve a premium price for our common stock or otherwise be in the best interest of our stockholders. See the section entitled “Risk Factors — Investment Risks” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Common Stock

Subject to any preferential rights of any other class or series of stock and to the provisions of our charter regarding the restrictions on the ownership and transfer of stock, the holders of common stock are entitled to such distributions as may be authorized from time to time by our board of directors out of legally available funds and declared by us and, upon our liquidation, are entitled to receive all assets available for distribution to our stockholders. Holders of common stock will not have preemptive rights, which means that they will not have an automatic option to purchase any new shares that we issue, or preference, conversion, exchange, sinking fund or redemption rights. Holders of common stock generally will have no appraisal rights.

The holders of common stock shall vote together as a single class on all matters. Holders of shares of common stock shall be entitled to vote for the election of directors. Directors may be removed from office, with or without cause, by the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than 66-2/3% of the total voting power of all outstanding common stock of the Company. Vacancies on the board of directors resulting from death, resignation, removal or otherwise and newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the number of directors may be filled by a majority of the directors then in office (although less than a quorum). Any such director elected to fill a vacancy will hold office until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until his or her successor is elected and qualifies or until his or her earlier death, resignation or removal.

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Preferred Stock

Our charter authorizes our board of directors, without stockholder approval, to designate and issue one or more classes or series of preferred stock and to set or change the voting, conversion or other rights, preferences, restrictions, limitations as to dividends or other distributions and qualifications or terms or conditions of redemption of each class of shares so issued. If any preferred stock is publicly offered, the terms and conditions of such preferred stock, including any convertible preferred stock, will be set forth in articles supplementary and described in a registration statement registering the issuance of such preferred stock, if such preferred stock is registered. Because our board of directors has the power to establish the preferences and rights of each class or series of preferred stock, it may afford the holders of any series or class of preferred stock preferences, powers, and rights senior to the rights of holders of common stock or other preferred stock. If we ever create and issue additional preferred stock with a distribution preference over common stock or preferred stock, payment of any distribution preferences of new outstanding preferred stock would reduce the amount of funds available for the payment of distributions on the common stock and junior preferred stock. Further, holders of preferred stock are normally entitled to receive a preference payment if we liquidate, dissolve, or wind up before any payment is made to the common stockholders, likely reducing the amount common stockholders would otherwise receive upon such an occurrence. In addition, under certain circumstances, the issuance of additional preferred stock may delay, prevent, render more difficult or tend to discourage the following:

a merger, tender offer, or proxy contest;
the assumption of control by a holder of a large block of our securities; or
the removal of incumbent management.

Also, our board of directors, without stockholder approval, may issue additional preferred stock with voting and conversion rights that could adversely affect the holders of common stock or preferred stock.

Meetings and Special Voting Requirements

Subject to our charter restrictions on ownership and transfer of our stock and the terms of each class or series of stock, including with respect to the vote by the common stock for the election of directors, each holder of common stock is entitled at each meeting of stockholders to one vote per share owned by such stockholder on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders. There is no cumulative voting in the election of our board of directors, which means that the holders of a majority of shares of our outstanding common stock can elect all the directors then standing for election and the holders of the remaining shares of common stock will not be able to elect any directors.

Under Maryland law, a Maryland corporation generally cannot dissolve, amend its charter, merge, sell all or substantially all of its assets, engage in a share exchange or engage in similar transactions outside the ordinary course of business, unless declared advisable by the board of directors and approved by the affirmative vote of stockholders entitled to cast at least two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. However, a Maryland corporation may provide in its charter for approval of these matters by a lesser percentage, but not less than a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. Our charter does not provide for a lesser percentage in these situations.

An annual meeting of our stockholders will be held each year. Special meetings of stockholders may be called upon the request of a majority of our directors, the chairman of the board, the president or the chief executive officer and must be called by our secretary to act on any matter that may properly be considered at a meeting of stockholders upon the written request of stockholders entitled to cast at least a majority of the votes entitled to be cast on such matter at the meeting (subject to the stockholders’ compliance with certain procedures set forth in our by-laws). The presence of stockholders entitled to cast at least a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast at such meeting on any matter, either in person or by proxy, will constitute a quorum.

One or more persons who together are and for at least six months have been stockholders of record of at least five percent of the outstanding shares of any class of our stock are entitled to receive a copy of our stockholder list upon request in accordance with Maryland law. The list provided by us will include each stockholder’s name and address and the number of shares owned by each stockholder and will be made

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available within 20 days of the receipt by us of the request. Stockholders and their representatives shall also be given access to our by-laws, the minutes of stockholder proceedings, our annual statements of affairs and any voting trust agreements on file at our principal office during usual business hours. We have the right to request that a requesting stockholder represent to us that the list and records will not be used to pursue commercial interests.

Restrictions on Ownership and Transfer

In order for us to qualify as a REIT under the Code, we must meet the following criteria regarding our stockholders’ ownership of our shares:

we cannot be “closely held” under Section 856(h) of the Code; that is, five or fewer individuals (as specially defined in the Code to include specified private foundations, employee benefit plans and trusts and charitable trusts and subject to certain constructive ownership rules) may not own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% in value of our outstanding shares during the last half of a taxable year, other than our first REIT taxable year; and
100 or more persons must beneficially own our shares during at least 335 days of a taxable year of twelve months or during a proportionate part of a shorter taxable year, other than our first REIT taxable year.

See the section entitled “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations” included elsewhere in this prospectus for further discussion of this topic. We may prohibit certain acquisitions and transfers of shares so as to ensure our initial and continued qualification as a REIT under the Code. However, there can be no assurance that this prohibition will be effective. Because we believe it is essential for us to qualify as a REIT, and, once qualified, to continue to qualify, among other purposes, our charter provides (subject to certain exceptions) that no person may own, or be deemed to own by virtue of the attribution provisions of the Code, more than 9.8% in value of the aggregate of our outstanding shares of stock or more than 9.8% (in value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive) of any class or series of our shares of our stock.

Our board of directors, in its sole discretion, may waive this ownership limit (prospectively or retroactively) if evidence satisfactory to our directors, including certain representations and undertakings required by our charter, is presented that such ownership will not then or in the future jeopardize our status as a REIT. Our board of directors agreed to waive the 9.8% ownership limit with respect to the holdings by NELL Partners of 36,666 shares of common stock. Also, these restrictions on transferability and ownership will not apply if our directors determine that it is no longer in our best interests to continue to qualify as a REIT or that compliance with such restrictions is no longer required in order for us to qualify as a REIT.

In addition to prohibiting the transfer or ownership of our stock that would result in any person owning, directly or indirectly, shares of our stock in excess of the foregoing ownership limitations, our charter prohibits the transfer or ownership of our stock if such transfer or ownership would:

with respect to transfers only, result in our stock being beneficially owned by fewer than 100 persons, determined without reference to any rules of attribution;
result in our being “closely held” within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Code (regardless of whether the ownership interest is held during the last half of a taxable year);
result in our owning, directly or indirectly, more than 9.8% of the ownership interests in any tenant or subtenant; or
otherwise result in our disqualification as a REIT.

If any attempted transfer of our stock which, if effective, would result in a violation of these limitations, then the number of shares causing the violation (rounded up to the nearest whole share) will be automatically transferred to a trust for the exclusive benefit of one or more charitable beneficiaries (or, in the case of a transfer that would result in our stock being beneficially owned by fewer than 100 persons, be void), and the proposed transferee will not acquire any rights in the shares. To avoid confusion, these shares so transferred to a beneficial trust will be referred to in this prospectus as “Excess Securities.” Excess Securities will remain issued and outstanding shares and will be entitled to the same rights and privileges as all other shares of the

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same class or series. The trustee of the beneficial trust, as holder of the Excess Securities, will be entitled to receive all distributions authorized by the board of directors on such securities for the benefit of the charitable beneficiary. Our charter further entitles the trustee of the beneficial trust to vote all Excess Securities. If a transfer to the trust would be ineffective for any reason to prevent a violation of any of the foregoing restrictions, the transfer resulting in such violation will be void from the time of such purported transfer.

The trustee of the beneficial trust will select a transferee to whom the Excess Securities may be sold as long as such sale does not violate the 9.8% ownership limit or the other restrictions on ownership and transfer. Upon sale of the Excess Securities, the intended transferee (the transferee of the Excess Securities whose ownership would have violated the 9.8% ownership limit or the other restrictions on ownership and transfer) will receive from the trustee of the beneficial trust the lesser of such sale proceeds, or the price per share the intended transferee paid for the Excess Securities (or, in the case of a gift or devise to the intended transferee, the price per share equal to the market value per share on the date of the transfer to the intended transferee). The trustee may reduce the amount payable to the intended transferee by the amount of dividends and other distributions which have been paid to the intended transferee and are owed by the intended transferee to the trustee. The trustee of the beneficial trust will distribute to the charitable beneficiary any amount the trustee receives in excess of the amount to be paid to the intended transferee.

In addition, we have the right to purchase any Excess Securities at the lesser of (i) the price per share paid in the transfer that created the Excess Securities (or, in the case of a devise or gift, the market price at the time of such devise or gift), and (ii) the market price on the date we, or our designee, exercise such right. We may reduce the amount payable to the intended transferee by the amount of dividends and other distributions which have been paid to the intended transferee and are owed by the intended transferee to the trustee. We will have the right to purchase the Excess Securities until the trustee has sold the shares. Upon a sale to us, the interest of the charitable beneficiary in the shares sold will terminate and the trustee will distribute the net proceeds of the sale to the intended transferee.

Any person who (i) acquires or attempts or intends to acquire shares in violation of the foregoing ownership limitations, or (ii) would have owned shares that resulted in a transfer to a charitable trust, is required to give us immediate written notice or, in the case of a proposed or intended transaction, 15 days’ written notice. In both cases, such persons must provide to us such other information as we may request in order to determine the effect, if any, of such transfer on our status as a REIT. The foregoing restrictions will continue to apply until our board of directors determines it is no longer in our best interest to continue to qualify as a REIT.

The 9.8% ownership limit does not apply to the underwriters in a public offering of shares. Any person who owns more than 5% of the outstanding shares during any taxable year will be asked to deliver a statement or affidavit setting forth the name and address of such owner, the number of shares beneficially owned, directly or indirectly, and a description of the manner in which such shares are held. Each such person also must provide us with such additional information as we may request in order to determine the effect of such ownership on our status as a REIT and to ensure compliance with the 9.8% ownership limit.

Distribution Policy and Distributions

When we have sufficient cash flow available to pay distributions, we intend to pay regular distributions to our stockholders. As of the date of this prospectus, we have no real estate investments, but we have identified two real estate investments for potential acquisition and have entered into a purchase agreement for each property. It is expected that these acquisitions will be consummated shortly after the completion of the offerings. The aggregate purchase price for the two properties will be paid from proceeds of the offerings, with the balance thereof being paid from planned debt financing activities. We cannot predict when we will begin to generate sufficient cash flow from these investments to pay distributions as a result of such investments; however, we expect that these will begin no later than June 30, 2011. Because all of our operations will be performed indirectly through Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, L.P., our operating partnership, our ability to pay distributions depends on Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, L.P.’s ability to pay distributions to its partners, including to us. If we do not have enough cash from operations to fund the distribution, we may borrow, issue additional securities or sell assets in order to fund the distributions or make the distributions out of net proceeds from the offerings.

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Distributions will be paid to our stockholders when and if authorized by our board of directors and declared by us out of legally available funds as of the record dates selected by our board of directors. We expect to declare and pay distributions to our common stockholders quarterly unless our results of operations, our general financial condition, general economic conditions or other factors make it imprudent to do so. Distributions will be authorized at the discretion of our board of directors, which will be influenced in part by its intention to comply with the REIT requirements of the Code. We intend to make distributions sufficient to meet the annual distribution requirement and to avoid U.S. federal income and excise taxes on our earnings; however, it may not always be possible to do so. The funds we receive from operations that are available for distribution may be affected by a number of factors, including the following:

the amount of time required for us to invest the funds received in the offerings;
our operating and interest expenses;
the ability of tenants to meet their obligations under the leases associated with our properties;
the amount of distributions or dividends received by us from our indirect real estate investments;
our ability to keep our properties occupied;
our ability to maintain or increase rental rates when renewing or replacing current leases;
capital expenditures and reserves for such expenditures;
the issuance of additional shares; and
financings and refinancings.

We must distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our taxable income each year in order to meet the requirements for being treated as a REIT under the Code. This requirement is described in greater detail in the section entitled “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations — Taxation — Annual Distribution Requirements” included elsewhere in this prospectus. Our directors may authorize distributions in excess of this percentage as they deem appropriate. Because we may receive income from interest or rents at various times during our fiscal year, distributions may not reflect our income earned in that particular distribution period, but may be made in anticipation of cash flow that we expect to receive during a later period and may be made in advance of actual receipt of funds in an attempt to make distributions relatively uniform. To allow for such differences in timing between the receipt of income and the payment of expenses, and the effect of required debt payments, among other things, could require us to borrow funds from third parties on a short-term basis, issue new securities, or sell assets to meet the distribution requirements that are necessary to achieve the tax benefits associated with qualifying as a REIT. These methods of obtaining funding could affect future distributions by increasing operating costs and decreasing available cash. In addition, such distributions may constitute a return of capital. See the section entitled “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations — REIT Qualification Tests” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Stockholder Liability

The Maryland General Corporation Law provides that our stockholders:

are not liable personally or individually in any manner whatsoever for any debt, act, omission or obligation incurred by us or our board of directors; and
are under no obligation to us or our creditors with respect to their shares other than the obligation to pay to us the full amount of the consideration for which their shares were issued.

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Business Combinations

Under Maryland law, “business combinations” between a Maryland corporation and an interested stockholder or an affiliate of an interested stockholder are prohibited for five years after the most recent date on which the interested stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. These business combinations include a merger, consolidation, share exchange, or, in circumstances specified in the statute, an asset transfer or issuance or reclassification of equity securities. An interested stockholder is defined as:

any person who beneficially owns 10% or more of the voting power of the corporation’s outstanding voting stock; or
an affiliate or associate of the corporation who, at any time within the two-year period prior to the date in question, was the beneficial owner of 10% or more of the voting power of the then outstanding stock of the corporation.

A person is not an interested stockholder under the statute if the board of directors approved in advance the transaction by which he otherwise would have become an interested stockholder. However, in approving a transaction, the board of directors may provide that its approval is subject to compliance, at or after the time of approval, with any terms and conditions determined by the board.

After the five-year prohibition, any business combination between the Maryland corporation and an interested stockholder generally must be recommended by the board of directors of the corporation and approved by the affirmative vote of at least:

80% of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of outstanding shares of voting stock of the corporation; and
two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of voting stock of the corporation other than shares held by the interested stockholder with whom or with whose affiliate the business combination is to be effected or held by an affiliate or associate of the interested stockholder.

These super-majority vote requirements do not apply if the corporation’s common stockholders receive a minimum price, as defined under Maryland law, for their shares in the form of cash or other consideration in the same form as previously paid by the interested stockholder for its shares.

The statute permits various exemptions from its provisions, including business combinations that are exempted by the board of directors before the time that the interested stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. Pursuant to the statute, our board of directors has adopted a resolution exempting any business combination with Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC or any affiliate of Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC. Consequently, the five-year prohibition and the super-majority vote requirements will not apply to business combinations between us and Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC or any affiliate of Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC. As a result, Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC or any affiliate of Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC may be able to enter into business combinations with us that may not be in the best interest of our stockholders, without compliance with the super-majority vote requirements and the other provisions of the statute.

The business combination statute may discourage others from trying to acquire control of us and increase the difficulty of consummating any offer.

Control Share Acquisitions

With some exceptions, Maryland law provides that control shares of a Maryland corporation acquired in a control share acquisition have no voting rights except to the extent approved by a vote of stockholders holding two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter, excluding “control shares”:

owned by the acquiring person;
owned by our officers; and
owned by our employees who are also directors.

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“Control shares” mean voting shares of stock which, if aggregated with all other shares of stock owned by the acquirer in respect of which the acquirer can exercise or direct the exercise of voting power, would entitle the acquiring person to exercise voting power in electing directors within one of the following ranges of voting power:

one-tenth or more, but less than one-third of all voting power;
one-third or more, but less than a majority of all voting power; or
a majority or more of all voting power.

Control shares do not include shares the acquiring person is then entitled to vote as a result of having previously obtained stockholder approval. A control share acquisition occurs when, subject to some exceptions, a person directly or indirectly acquires ownership or the power to direct the exercise of voting power (except solely by virtue of a revocable proxy) of issued and outstanding control shares. A person who has made or proposes to make a control share acquisition, upon satisfaction of some specific conditions, including an undertaking to pay expenses, may compel our board of directors to call a special meeting of our stockholders to be held within 50 days of a request to consider the voting rights of the control shares. If no request for a meeting is made, we may present the question at any stockholders’ meeting.

If voting rights are not approved at the meeting or if the acquiring person does not deliver an acquiring person statement on or before the 10 th day after the control share acquisition as required by the statute, then, subject to some conditions and limitations, we may redeem any or all the control shares (except those for which voting rights have been previously approved) for fair value determined, without regard to the absence of voting rights for the control shares, as of the date of the last control share acquisition by the acquiror or of any meeting of stockholders at which the voting rights of such shares are considered and not approved. If voting rights for control shares are approved at a stockholders meeting and the acquiror becomes entitled to vote a majority of the shares entitled to vote, all other stockholders may exercise appraisal rights. The fair value of the shares as determined for purposes of such appraisal rights may not be less than the highest price per share paid by the acquiror in the control share acquisition. The control share acquisition statute does not apply to shares acquired in a merger, consolidation, or share exchange if we are a party to the transaction or to acquisitions approved or exempted by our charter or by-laws.

As permitted by Maryland General Corporation Law, our by-laws contain a provision exempting from the control share acquisition statute any and all acquisitions of our stock. There can be no assurance that this provision will not be amended or eliminated at any time in the future.

Subtitle 8

Subtitle 8 of Title 3 of the Maryland General Corporation Law permits a Maryland corporation with a class of equity securities registered under the Exchange Act and at least three independent directors to elect to be subject, by provision in its charter or by-laws or a resolution of its board of directors and notwithstanding any contrary provision in the charter or by-laws, to any or all of five provisions:

a classified board;
a two-thirds vote requirement for removing a director;
a requirement that the number of directors be fixed only by vote of the directors;
a requirement that a vacancy on the board be filled only by affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining directors in office and for the remainder of the full term of the class of directors in which the vacancy occurred; and
a majority requirement for the calling of a special meeting of stockholders.

Our charter and by-laws provide that vacancies on our board of directors may be filled by the remaining directors. Any such director elected to fill a vacancy will hold office until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until his or her successor is elected and qualifies or until his or her earlier death, resignation or removal. Our charter also vests in the board the exclusive power to fix the number of directorships.

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In addition, our charter provides that any director may be removed from office, with or without cause, by the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than 66-2/3% of the total voting power of all outstanding common stock of the Company.

Transfer Agent and Registrar

We expect the transfer agent and registrar for our shares of common stock to be Computershare Trust Company, N.A.

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SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE

Prior to the offerings, there has been no established trading market for our common stock. No assurance can be given as to (1) the likelihood that an active market for our shares of common stock will develop, (2) the liquidity of any such market, (3) the ability of the stockholders to sell the shares, or (4) the prices that stockholders may obtain for any of the shares. No prediction can be made as to the effect, if any, that future sales of shares or the availability of shares for future sale will have on the market price prevailing from time to time. Sales of substantial amounts of shares of common stock, or the perception that such sales could occur, may affect adversely prevailing market prices of the shares of common stock. See the section entitled “Risk Factors — Investment Risks” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Of the shares of common stock outstanding after giving effect to the offerings, 4,500,000 shares of common stock (or 5,175,000 shares of common stock if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares) covered by the underwritten offering are freely tradable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act, except for any such shares of common stock held by our “affiliates”, as defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act, which would be subject to the limitations and restrictions described below. The remaining shares of common stock (including those shares acquired by WOF in the private placement offering) outstanding after giving effect to the offerings, and the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the financial advisor warrant are “restricted securities”, as defined in Rule 144. Restricted shares may be sold in the public market only if registered or if they qualify for an exemption from registration under Rule 144 or 701 of the Securities Act. As a result of the contractual 180-day lock-up period described in the section entitled “Underwriting” included elsewhere in this prospectus, the provisions of the financial advisor warrant described in the section “Underwriting — Financial Advisor Warrant” included elsewhere in this prospectus and the provisions of Rules 144 and 701, these shares will be available for sale in the public market as follows:

 
Number of Shares of Common Stock   Date
4,500,000   On the date of this prospectus.
5,036,666   On the date of this prospectus (subject to volume limitations).
5,186,666   After 180 days from the date of this prospectus (subject to volume limitations).

In connection with the private placement offering, we entered into a registration rights agreement with WOF that requires us to register under the Securities Act the shares of common stock held by it and its transferees under certain circumstances and subject to certain restrictions. See the section entitled “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions — Agreements With Institutional and Other Investors” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

For a description of certain restrictions on transfers of our shares of common stock held by our stockholders, see the section entitled “Description of Securities — Restrictions on Ownership and Transfer” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Rule 144

In general, under Rule 144 as currently in effect, our affiliates who own shares for at least six months or own shares purchased in the open market, are entitled to sell these shares as follows. Within any three-month period, each person may sell a number of shares that does not exceed the greater of 1% of our then-outstanding shares of common stock, which will equal approximately 50,366 shares immediately after this offering, or the average weekly trading volume of our common stock on the AMEX during the four calendar weeks preceding the filing of a notice of the sale on Form 144. Sales under Rule 144 by affiliates also will be subject to manner of sale provisions, notice requirements and the availability of current public information about us.

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A person who is not deemed to have been one of our affiliates at any time during the three months preceding a sale, and who owns shares within the definition of “restricted securities” under Rule 144 that were purchased from us, or any affiliate, at least six months previously, also would be entitled to sell shares under Rule 144. Such sales would be permitted without regard to the volume limitations, manner of sale provisions or notice requirements described above and, after one year, without any limits, including the public information requirement.

We are unable to estimate the number of shares that will be sold under Rule 144 since this will depend on the market price for our common stock, the personal circumstances of stockholders and other factors.

Registration Rights Agreement

In connection with the private placement offering, we entered into a registration rights agreement with WOF that requires us to register under the Securities Act the shares of common stock held by it and its transferees under certain circumstances and subject to certain restrictions. Such securities registered under any registration statement are available for sale in the open market unless restrictions apply. See the section entitled “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions — Agreements With Institutional and Other Investors” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

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SUMMARY OF OUR ORGANIZATIONAL DOCUMENTS

Each stockholder is bound by and deemed to have agreed to the terms of our organizational documents by virtue of the election to become a stockholder. Our organizational documents consist of our charter and by-laws. The following is a summary of material provisions of our organizational documents and does not contain all of the information about our charter and by-laws that you should consider before investing in our common stock. Our organizational documents are filed as exhibits to our registration statement, of which this prospectus is part. See the section entitled “Where You Can Find Additional Information” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Our charter was filed with and accepted for record by the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of Maryland on September 18, 2009, amended and restated on January 5, 2010, corrected pursuant to a certificate of correction on January 20, 2010, amended and restated on November 12, 2010, amended on February 22, 2011 and amended and restated on February 24, 2011. Our third amended and restated by-laws, in their present form, became operative as of February 24, 2011. Neither our charter nor by-laws have an expiration date, and therefore, both documents remain effective in their current form throughout our existence, unless they are amended.

Charter and By-law Provisions

The rights of stockholders and related matters are governed by our organizational documents and Maryland law. Certain provisions of these documents or of Maryland law, summarized below, may make it difficult to change the composition of our board and could have the effect of delaying, deferring, or preventing a change in control of us, including an extraordinary transaction (such as a merger, tender offer or sale of all or substantially all of our assets) that might provide a premium price for holders of our common stock. See generally the section entitled “Risk Factors — Risks Related to Our Organization, Structure and Management” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Stockholders’ Meetings and Voting Rights

We will hold an annual meeting of stockholders. The purpose of each annual meeting will be to elect directors and to transact any other business. The chairman, the chief executive officer, the president or a majority of the directors also may call a special meeting of the stockholders. The secretary must call a special meeting to act on any matter that may properly be considered at a meeting of stockholders when stockholders entitled to cast not less than a majority of all votes entitled to be cast on such matter at the meeting make a written request (subject to the stockholders’ compliance with certain procedures set forth in our by-laws).

We will give notice of any annual or special meeting of stockholders not less than ten nor more than ninety days before the meeting. The notice must state the purpose of the special meeting. At any meeting of the stockholders, each stockholder is entitled to one vote for each share owned of record on the applicable record date. In general, the presence in person or by proxy of stockholders entitled to cast at least a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast at the meeting on any matter will constitute a quorum. Directors are elected by a plurality of the votes cast and a majority of votes cast will be sufficient to approve any other matter that may properly come before the meeting, unless more than a majority of the votes cast is required by law or our charter.

Board of Directors

Under our organizational documents, we must have at least two but not more than ten directors. Our charter currently names two directors. A director may resign at any time. A director may be removed from office with or without cause by the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than 66-2/3% of the total voting power of all outstanding common stock of the Company. A vacancy on the board caused by the death, removal or resignation of a director or by an increase in the number of directors, within the limits described above, may be filled by the vote of a majority of the remaining directors whether or not the voting directors constitute a quorum.

These provisions preclude stockholders from (1) removing incumbent directors except upon a substantial affirmative vote, and (2) filling the vacancies created by such removal with their own nominees.

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Maryland law provides that any action required or permitted to be taken at a meeting of the board also may be taken without a meeting by the unanimous written or electronic consent of all directors.

The approval by our board and by holders of at least two-thirds of our outstanding voting shares of stock is generally necessary for us to do any of the following:

amend our charter;
transfer all or substantially all of our assets other than in the ordinary course of business;
engage in mergers, consolidations or share exchanges; or
liquidate and dissolve.

Inspection of Books and Records; Stockholder Lists

Any stockholder or his or her designated representative will be permitted, during usual business hours, to inspect and obtain copies of our by-laws, the minutes of stockholder proceedings, our annual statements of affairs and any voting trust agreements on file at our principal office. One or more persons who together are and for at least six months have been stockholders of record of at least five percent of the outstanding shares of any class of our stock may also request a copy of our stockholder list, although the request cannot be made to secure a copy of our stockholder list or other information for the purpose of selling the list or using the list or other information for a commercial purpose.

Amendment of the Organizational Documents

Except for those amendments permitted to be made without stockholder approval, our charter may be amended only if the amendment is declared advisable by our board and approved by the stockholders entitled to cast at least two-thirds of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. Our by-laws may be amended in any manner not inconsistent with the charter by a majority vote of our directors present at a board meeting at which a quorum is present.

Dissolution or Termination of the Company

As a Maryland corporation, we may be dissolved at any time after a determination by a majority of the entire board that dissolution is advisable and the approval of stockholders entitled to cast at least two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter.

Advance Notice of Director Nominations and New Business

Proposals to elect directors or conduct other business at an annual or special meeting must be brought in accordance with our by-laws. The by-laws provide that any business may be transacted at the annual meeting without being specifically designated in the notice of meeting. However, with respect to special meetings of stockholders, only the business specified in the notice of the special meeting may be brought at that meeting.

Our by-laws also provide that nominations of individuals for election to the board may be made at an annual meeting (1) pursuant to the Company’s notice of meeting, (2) by or at the direction of our board of directors, or (3) by any stockholder who is a stockholder of record both at the time of giving of notice pursuant to the by-laws and at the time of the annual meeting, who is entitled to vote at the meeting in the election of each individual so nominated and who has complied with the advance notice procedures set forth in our by-laws. Our by-laws further provide that the proposal of other business to be considered by stockholders may be made at an annual meeting (x) pursuant to the notice of meeting, (y) by or at the direction of our board of directors, or (z) by any stockholder of record both at the time of giving notice pursuant to the by-laws and at the time of the annual meeting, who is entitled to vote at the meeting on any such other business and who has complied with the advance notice provisions set forth in our by-laws.

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A notice of a director nomination or stockholder proposal to be considered at an annual meeting must be delivered to our secretary at our principal executive offices:

not later than 5:00 p.m., Eastern Time, on the 120 th day nor earlier than 150 days prior to the first anniversary of the date of release of the proxy statement for the previous year’s annual meeting; or
if the date of the meeting is advanced or delayed by more than 30 days from the anniversary date or if an annual meeting has not yet been held, not earlier than 150 days prior to the annual meeting or not later than 5:00 p.m., Eastern Time, on the later of the 120 th day prior to the annual meeting or the tenth day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made.

Nominations of individuals for election to the board may be made at a special meeting, (A) by or at the direction of our board of directors, (B) by a stockholder that has requested that a special meeting be called for the purpose of electing directors in compliance with the procedures set forth in our by-laws and that has supplied the information required by our by-laws about each individual whom such stockholder proposes to nominate for election as a director, or (C) provided that the special meeting has been called for the purpose of electing directors, by any stockholder who is a stockholder of record both at the time of giving of notice and at the time of the special meeting, who is entitled to vote at the meeting in the election of each individual so nominated and who complies with the notice procedures set forth in our by-laws.

A notice of a director nomination to be considered at a special meeting must be delivered to our secretary at our principal executive offices:

not earlier than 120 days prior to the special meeting; and
not later than 5:00 p.m., Eastern Time, on the later of either:
º ninety days prior to the special meeting; or
º ten days following the day of our first public announcement of the date of the special meeting and the nominees proposed by our board to be elected at the meeting.

Indemnification and Limitation of Directors’ and Officers’ Liability

Maryland law permits a Maryland corporation to include in its charter a provision limiting the liability of its directors and officers to the corporation and its stockholders for money damages except for liability resulting from actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services or active and deliberate dishonesty established by a final judgment as being material to the cause of action. Our charter contains such a provision that eliminates such liability to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law.

The Maryland General Corporation Law requires us (unless our charter provides otherwise, which our charter does not) to indemnify a director or officer who has been successful, on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of any proceeding to which he is made or threatened to be made a party by reason of his service in that capacity. The Maryland General Corporation Law permits a corporation to indemnify its present and former directors and officers, among others, against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements and reasonable expenses actually incurred by them in connection with any proceeding to which they may be made or threatened to be made a party by reason of their service in those or other capacities unless it is established that:

the act or omission of the director or officer was material to the matter giving rise to the proceeding and (1) was committed in bad faith, or (2) was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty;
the director or officer actually received an improper personal benefit in money, property or services; or
in the case of any criminal proceeding, the director or officer had reasonable cause to believe that the act or omission was unlawful.

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A court may order indemnification if it determines that the director or officer is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnification, even though the director or officer did not meet the prescribed standard of conduct or was adjudged liable on the basis that personal benefit was improperly received. However, indemnification for an adverse judgment in a suit by us or in our right, or for a judgment of liability on the basis that personal benefit was improperly received, is limited to expenses.

In addition, the Maryland General Corporation Law permits a corporation to advance reasonable expenses to a director or officer upon the corporation’s receipt of:

a written affirmation by the director or officer of his or her good faith belief that he or she has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification by the corporation; and
a written undertaking by the director or officer or on the director’s or officer’s behalf to repay the amount paid or reimbursed by the corporation if it is ultimately determined that the director or officer did not meet the standard of conduct.

Our charter obligates us, to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law in effect from time to time, to indemnify and, without requiring a preliminary determination of the ultimate entitlement to indemnification, pay or reimburse reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding to:

any present or former director or officer who is made or threatened to be made a party to the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity; or
any individual who, while a director or officer of our company and at our request, serves or has served another corporation, REIT, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or any other enterprise as a director, officer, partner, trustee, member or manager of such corporation, REIT, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise and who is made or threatened to be made a party to the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity.

Our charter also permits us to indemnify and advance expenses to any person who served a predecessor of ours in any of the capacities described above and to any employee or agent of our company or a predecessor of our company.

Following completion of the offerings, we may enter into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and executive officers that would provide for indemnification to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law.

Insofar as the foregoing provisions permit indemnification of directors, officers or persons controlling us for liability arising under the Securities Act, we have been informed that, in the opinion of the SEC, this indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.

REIT Qualification

Our charter provides that our board of directors may revoke or otherwise terminate our REIT election, without approval of our stockholders, if it determines that it is no longer in our best interests to continue to qualify as a REIT.

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SUMMARY OF OUR OPERATING PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT

The following is a summary of the agreement of limited partnership that we expect to enter into in connection with our operating partnership, Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, L.P. This summary and the descriptions of the operating partnership agreement provisions elsewhere in this prospectus are qualified by the form of agreement, which is filed as an exhibit to our registration statement, of which this prospectus is a part. See the section entitled “Where You Can Find Additional Information” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Conducting our operations through the operating partnership allows the sellers of properties to contribute their property interests to the operating partnership in exchange for limited partnership units rather than for cash or our common stock. This enables the seller to defer some of or all the potential taxable gain on the transfer. From the seller’s perspective, there are also differences between the ownership of common stock and partnership units, some of which may be material because they impact the business organization form, distribution rights, voting rights, transferability of equity interests received and U.S. federal income taxation.

Description of Partnership Units

Partnership interests in the operating partnership are divided into “units.” Initially, the operating partnership will have two classes of units: general partnership units and limited partnership units. General partnership units represent an interest as a general partner in the operating partnership and we, as general partner, will hold all such units. In return for the initial capital contribution of $109,998 we made, the operating partnership will issue to us 10,999.80 general partnership units.

Limited partnership units represent an interest as a limited partner in the operating partnership. The operating partnership may issue additional partnership units and classes of partnership units with rights different from, and superior to, those of general partnership units and/or limited partnership units, without the consent of the limited partners. Holders of limited partnership units do not have any preemptive rights with respect to the issuance of additional units.

For each limited partnership unit received, investors generally will be required to contribute money or property, with a net equity value determined by the general partner. Holders of limited partnership units will not be obligated to make additional capital contributions to the operating partnership. Further, such holders will not have the right to make additional capital contributions to the operating partnership or to purchase additional limited partnership units without our consent as general partner. For further information on capital contributions, see the section entitled “— Capital Contributions” below.

Limited partners do not have the right to participate in the management of the operating partnership. Limited partners who do not participate in the management of the operating partnership, by virtue of their status as limited partners, generally are not liable for the debts and liabilities of the operating partnership beyond the amount of their capital contributions. We, however, as the general partner of the operating partnership, are liable for certain unpaid debts and liabilities. The voting rights of the limited partners are generally limited to approval of specific types of amendments to the operating partnership agreement (some of which exclude partnership units owned or controlled by the general partner or any person who owns more than 66-2/3 of the outstanding voting interests in the general partner). With respect to such amendments, each limited partnership unit has one vote. See the section entitled “— Management of the Operating Partnership” below for a detailed discussion of this subject.

In general, each limited partnership unit will share equally in distributions from the operating partnership when such distributions are declared by us, the general partner, which decision will be made in our sole discretion. Upon the operating partnership’s liquidation, limited partnership units also will share equally in the assets of the operating partnership that are available for distribution, after payment of all liabilities, establishment of reserves, required withholding and payment of any preferred return owed to holders of any limited partnership units and payment of the portion distributable to the special limited partner. In addition, a portion of the items of income, gain, loss and deduction of the operating partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes will be allocated to each limited partnership unit, regardless of whether any distributions are made by the operating partnership. See the section entitled “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations — Tax Aspects of Investments in Partnerships” included elsewhere in this prospectus for a

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description of the manner in which income, gain, loss and deductions are allocated under the operating partnership agreement. As general partner, we may amend the allocation and distribution sections of the operating partnership agreement to reflect the issuance of additional units and classes of units without the consent of the limited partners.

Under certain circumstances, holders of limited partnership units may be restricted from transferring their interests without the consent of the general partner. See the section entitled “— Transferability of Interests” below for a discussion of certain restrictions imposed by the operating partnership agreement on such transfers. After owning a limited partnership unit for one year, limited partnership unit holders generally may, subject to certain restrictions, exchange limited partnership units for the cash value of a corresponding number of shares of our common stock or, at our option, a corresponding number of shares of our common stock. See the section entitled “— Limited Partner Exchange Rights” below for a description of these rights and the amount and types of consideration a limited partner is entitled to receive upon exercise of such rights. These exchange rights are accelerated in the case of some extraordinary transactions. See the section entitled “— Extraordinary Transactions” below for an explanation of the exchange rights under such circumstances.

Management of the Operating Partnership

The operating partnership is organized as a Delaware limited partnership pursuant to the terms of the operating partnership agreement. We are the general partner of the operating partnership and expect to conduct substantially all of our business through it. Pursuant to the operating partnership agreement, we, as the general partner, will have full, exclusive and complete responsibility and discretion in the management and control of the partnership, including the ability to enter into major transactions, such as acquisitions, dispositions and refinancings, and to cause changes in the operating partnership’s business and distribution policies. Further, we may, without the consent of the limited partners:

file a voluntary petition seeking liquidation, reorganization, arrangement or readjustment, in any form, of the partnership’s debts under Title 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code, or any other federal or state insolvency law, or corresponding provisions of future laws, or file an answer consenting to or acquiescing in any such petition; or
cause the operating partnership to make an assignment for the benefit of its creditors or admit in writing its inability to pay its debts as they mature.

The limited partners, in their capacities as such, will have no authority to transact business for, or participate in the management or decisions of, the operating partnership, except as provided in the operating partnership agreement and as required by applicable law. Further, the limited partners have no right to remove us as the general partner.

As general partner, we also may amend the operating partnership agreement without the consent of the limited partners. However, the following amendments will require the consent of the adversely affected limited partners holding more than 66-2/3% of the outstanding partnership units held by limited partners who are adversely affected:

any amendment that alters or changes the distribution or liquidation rights of limited partners, subject to the exceptions discussed below under the “Distributions” portion of this section;
any amendment that alters or changes the limited partner’s exchange rights;
any amendment that imposes on limited partners any obligation to make additional capital contributions; or
any amendment that alters the terms of the operating partnership agreement regarding the rights of the limited partners with respect to extraordinary transactions.

Indemnification

To the extent permitted by law, the operating partnership agreement will provide for indemnification of us when acting in good faith and in the best interests of the operating partnership in our capacity as general partner. It also will provide for indemnification of directors, officers and other persons that we may designate under the same conditions, and subject to the same restrictions, applicable to the indemnification of officers,

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directors, employees and stockholders under our charter. See the section entitled “Our Management — Limited Liability and Indemnification” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Transferability of Interests

Under the operating partnership agreement, we will not be able to withdraw from the partnership or transfer or assign all or any of our general partnership interest without the consent of holders of two-thirds of the limited partnership units, except in connection with the sale of all or substantially all of our assets meeting the conditions set forth in the operating partnership agreement. Under certain circumstances and with the prior written consent of the general partner and satisfaction of other conditions set forth in the operating partnership agreement, holders of limited partnership units will be able to withdraw from the partnership and transfer and/or encumber all or any part of their units. However, although a limited partner may be able to affect a transfer of partnership interests without the consent of the general partner, the transferee will remain an economic interest owner only as an assignee until the general partner admits the assignee as a substitute limited partner, in its sole and absolute discretion.

In addition, limited partnership units will not be registered under the federal or state securities laws. As a result, the ability of a holder to transfer its units may be restricted under such laws.

Extraordinary Transactions

The operating partnership agreement generally will permit us and/or the operating partnership to engage in any authorized business combination without the consent of the limited partners. Generally, a business combination for these purposes is any merger, consolidation or other combination with or into another entity, or the sale of all or substantially all of the assets of any entity. We will be required to send each limited partner notice of a proposed business combination at least 15 days prior to the record date for the stockholder vote on the combination, if any.

Generally, a limited partner will not be able to exercise its exchange rights until it has held the units for at least one year. See the section entitled “— Limited Partner Exchange Rights” below for a description of these exchange rights. However, in the case of a proposed combination, each limited partner will have the right to exercise its exchange right prior to the stockholder vote on the transaction, even if it has held its units for less than one year. Any limited partners who timely exchange their units prior to the record date for the stockholder vote on a business combination will be entitled to vote their shares in any stockholder vote on the business combination. Limited partners who exchange their units after the record date will not be able to vote their shares in any stockholder vote on the proposed business combination. The right of a limited partner to exercise its right to exchange without regard to whether they have held the units for more than a year will terminate upon the earlier of (i) the disapproval of the business combination by our board of directors, (ii) the disapproval of the business combination by stockholders, (iii) the abandonment of the business combination by any of the parties to it, or (iv) the business combination’s effective date.

We cannot consummate a business combination (other than one in which we are the surviving entity) unless all limited partners will receive, or will have the right to elect to receive, for each limited partnership unit they own, an amount of cash, securities or other property equal to the amount of cash, securities or other property or value paid in the combination to a holder of a share of common stock. If, in connection with a business combination, a tender or similar offer has been accepted by holders of more than 50% of the outstanding common stock, then each limited partner will have the option to exchange its limited partnership units for the amount of cash, securities or other property which the limited partner would have received had it exercised its exchange rights under the operating partnership agreement, and tendered the shares of common stock received upon exercise of the exchange rights immediately prior to the expiration of the offer.

However, we may merge into or consolidate with another entity without adhering to these limitations if, immediately after the merger or consolidation, substantially all of the assets of the surviving entity, other than the partnership units held by us, are contributed to the operating partnership as a capital contribution in exchange for partnership units with a fair market value equal to the value of the assets contributed as determined by the surviving entity general partner in good faith and the surviving entity general partner expressly agrees to assume all of our obligations as general partner under the operating partnership agreement.

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Issuance of Additional Units

As general partner of the operating partnership, we will be able to cause, without the consent of the limited partners, the operating partnership to issue additional units representing general and/or limited partnership interests. A new issuance may include preferred units, which may have rights which are different than, and/or superior to, those of general partnership units and limited partnership units. Furthermore, the operating partnership agreement will require the issuance of additional units to us corresponding with any issuance of stock by us or as a result of our distributing stock in order to meet our annual distribution requirement to maintain our status as a REIT.

Capital Contributions

The operating partnership agreement will provide that, if the operating partnership requires additional funds at any time, or from time to time, in excess of funds available to it from prior borrowings, operating revenue or capital contributions, we, as general partner, have the right to raise additional funds required by the operating partnership by causing it to borrow the necessary funds from third parties on such terms and conditions as we deem appropriate. As an alternative to borrowing funds required by the operating partnership, we may contribute the amount of such required funds as an additional capital contribution. The operating partnership agreement also will provide that we must contribute cash or other property received in exchange for the issuance of equity stock to the operating partnership in exchange for units unless the issuance was in connection with an acquisition of an asset to be held directly by the general partner and such issuance was approved by a majority of independent directors of the general partner. Upon the contribution of cash or other property received in exchange for the issuance of common stock, we will receive one general partnership unit for each share issued by us. Upon the contribution of the cash or other property received in exchange for the issuance of each share of equity stock other than common stock, we will receive one unit with rights and preferences respecting distributions corresponding to the rights and preferences of the equity stock that we issued. If we contribute additional capital to the operating partnership, our partnership interest will be increased on a proportionate basis. Conversely, the partnership interests of the limited partners will be decreased on a proportionate basis if we contribute any additional capital.

Distributions

The operating partnership agreement will set forth the manner in which distributions from the partnership will be made to unit holders. Distributions from the partnership will be made at the times and in the amounts determined by us, as the general partner.

The operating partnership agreement will provide that cash available for distribution will be distributed to the partners according to the formula set forth below. The return calculations described below will apply to all distributions received. Achievement of a particular threshold, therefore, will be determined with reference to all current and prior distributions made by our operating partnership to any limited partners, and to us, which we will then distribute to our stockholders. Distributions will be made as follows:

first , to us (which we will distribute to the holders of our common stock) and the limited partners in proportion to respective percentage interests, until each partner has received its allocable capital contributions with respect to the real estate asset giving rise to such distribution;
second , to us (which we will distribute to the holders of our common stock) and the limited partners in proportion to respective percentage interests, until each partner has received its allocable capital contributions with respect to all realized investments;
third , to us (which we will distribute to the holders of our common stock) and the limited partners in proportion to respective percentage interests, until each partner has received its allocable expenses;
fourth , to us (which we will distribute to the holders of our common stock) and the limited partners in proportion to respective percentage interests, until the partners in the aggregate have received an amount equal to a cumulative, non-compounded rate of return equal to seven percent (7%) per annum with respect to all allocable capital contributions and allocable expenses currently and previously distributed; and

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After this 7% threshold is reached, 85% of the aggregate amount of any additional distribution will be payable to us (which we will distribute to the holders of our common stock) and the limited partners in proportion to respective percentage interests, and 15% of such amount will be payable to the special limited partner.

To the extent a distribution has been paid to the special limited partner for any real estate assets sold within 60 days prior to the sale of an asset in which the Preferred Return for that asset was not met, the special limited partner must return to us an amount up to the distribution so received for the assets sold within such 60-day period, which will be applied to any Preferred Return shortfall actually arising from the sale of the subsequent asset.

The operating partnership agreement also will provide that, as general partner, we have the right to amend the distribution provisions of the operating partnership agreement to reflect the issuance of additional classes of units. The operating partnership agreement will provide further that, as general partner, we shall use our best efforts to ensure sufficient distributions are made to meet the REIT annual distribution requirements and to avoid U.S. federal income and excise taxes on our earnings.

Liquidation

Upon the liquidation of the operating partnership, after payment of debts and obligations, any remaining assets of the partnership will be distributed to partners pro rata in accordance with their positive capital accounts.

Allocations

The operating partnership agreement generally provides that net income, net loss and any other individual items of income, gain, loss or deduction of the operating partnership will be allocated among the partners in such a manner that the capital accounts of each partner, immediately after making such allocation, is, as nearly as possible, equal proportionately to the distributions that would be made to such partner if the operating partnership were dissolved, its affairs wound up and its assets were sold for cash, all operating partnership liabilities were satisfied, and the net assets of the operating partnership were distributed to the partners immediately after making such allocation.

Operations

The operating partnership agreement will require that the partnership be operated in a manner that will:

satisfy the requirements for our classification as a REIT;
avoid any U.S. federal income or excise tax liability, unless we otherwise cease to qualify as a REIT; and
ensure that the operating partnership will not be classified as a publicly traded partnership under the Code.

Pursuant to the operating partnership agreement, the operating partnership will assume and pay when due, or reimburse us for, payment of all administrative and operating costs and expenses incurred by the operating partnership and the administrative costs and expenses that we incur on behalf, or for the benefit, of the operating partnership.

Limited Partner Exchange Rights

Pursuant to the terms of, and subject to the conditions in, the operating partnership agreement, each holder of a limited partnership unit (but not the holder of the special limited partner interests) will have the right, commencing one year from the issuance of the limited partnership units (except in connection with a business combination), to cause the operating partnership to redeem their limited partnership units for cash in an amount equal to the per share offering price of our common stock minus the underwriting discounts and commissions, to account for the fact that no underwriting discounts and commissions will be paid in connection with any such issuances, or, at the option of the operating partnership, for one share of our common stock for each limited partnership unit redeemed. The decision whether to exercise the right to exchange shares of common stock in lieu of cash shall be made on a case by case basis at the operating

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partnership’s sole and absolute discretion. The limited partnership units exchanged for cash or shares of our common stock will augment our ownership percentage in the operating partnership. See the section entitled “— Extraordinary Transactions” above for a description of exchange rights in connection with mergers and other major transactions. However, a limited partnership unit holder cannot be paid in shares of our common stock if the issuance of shares to such holder would:

be prohibited under our charter; for example, if the issuance would (i) violate the 9.8% ownership limit, or (ii) result in our being “closely held” within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Code. See the section entitled “Description of Securities — Restrictions on Ownership and Transfer” included elsewhere in this prospectus;
cause us to no longer qualify, or create a material risk that we may no longer qualify, as a REIT in the opinion of our counsel; or
cause the acquisition of shares by the limited partner to be integrated with any other distribution of shares for purposes of complying with the registration provisions of the Securities Act.

Any common stock issued to the limited partners upon exchange of their respective limited partnership units may be sold only pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act or an exemption from, or exception to, registration. The cash necessary to exchange limited partnership units will come from any funds legally available to us or the operating partnership. However, specific funds will not be specially set aside for such purposes, nor will an accounting reserve be established for it. The necessary cash to satisfy the exchange right could come from cash flow not required to be distributed to stockholders to maintain our REIT status, fund operations or acquire new properties, or from borrowings. However, as explained above, the operating partnership always will have the option to satisfy the exchange right with common stock, and we intend to reserve common stock for that purpose. The operating partnership will make the decision whether to exercise its right to satisfy the exchange right by paying to the holder the exchange price or exchanging common stock on a one-for-one basis, as adjusted to reflect dividends or distributions made on outstanding shares of common stock in common stock, subdivisions of outstanding shares of common stock, or combinations of the outstanding shares of common stock into a smaller number of shares of common stock, on a case by case basis in its sole and absolute discretion.

As general partner, we will have the right to grant similar exchange rights to holders of other classes of units, if any, in the operating partnership, and to holders of equity interests in the entities that own our properties.

Exercise of exchange rights will be a taxable transaction in which gain or loss will be recognized by the limited partner exercising its right to exchange its units for the cash value of a corresponding number of shares of our common stock or, at the option of the operating partnership, a corresponding number of shares of our common stock, to the extent that the amount realized exceeds the limited partner’s adjusted basis in the units exchanged.

Special Limited Partner

Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC is a Delaware limited liability company and will be a special limited partner of our operating partnership. Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC will not hold any general partnership interests or limited partnership interests, as such terms are defined in the partnership agreement. Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC will not have any voting rights, approval rights, rights to distributions or any other rights under the partnership agreement other than the right to receive certain distributions in connection with the sale of each asset.

The distributions to Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC will be related to our successful performance and will be equal to 15% of the remaining net sale proceeds on each asset sale after the investors have received a return of (a) their aggregate investment in the sold real estate asset (which includes their initial investment and any additional investments prior to the sale), less the distributions of cash available for distribution from such real estate asset, plus (b) their aggregate investment in all realized investments, less all prior distributions, plus (c) a first level return on the sold asset, which would be a cumulative, non-compounded annual return of 7% on the net investment in the sold asset ( i.e. , the Preferred Return). In addition, prior to any payment of

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distributions with respect to the special limited partnership interest for a sold asset, an amount equal to the Preferred Return for all previously sold assets must have been paid to the other partners.

The special limited partner shall be entitled to tax distributions, at our sole discretion as the general partner, provided such distributions do not prevent us from satisfying the requirements for qualification as a REIT. Any tax distributions shall offset future distributions to which the special limited partner is entitled.

Tax Matters

Pursuant to the operating partnership agreement, we will be the tax matters partner of the operating partnership, and as such, will have authority to make tax decisions under the Code on behalf of the operating partnership. Tax income and loss generally will be allocated in a manner that reflects the entitlement of the general partner, limited partners and the special limited partner to receive distributions from the operating partnership. For a description of other tax consequences stemming from our investment in the operating partnership, see the section entitled “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations — Tax Aspects of Investments in Partnerships” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Duties and Conflicts

Except as otherwise set forth under the sections entitled “Conflicts of Interest” and “Our Management” included elsewhere in this prospectus, any limited partner may engage in other business activities outside the operating partnership, including business activities that directly compete with the operating partnership.

Term

The operating partnership will continue in full force and effect until December 31, 2099 or until sooner dissolved and terminated upon (i) our dissolution, bankruptcy, insolvency or termination, (ii) the sale or other disposition of all or substantially all the assets of the operating partnership, unless we, as general partner, elect to continue the business of the operating partnership to collect the indebtedness or other consideration to be received in exchange for the assets of the operating partnership, (iii) our withdrawal as general partner from the partnership, unless a majority in interest vote to continue the business of the partnership within 90 days of our withdrawal, or (iv) by operation of law.

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MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

The following discusses the material U.S. federal income tax considerations associated with our qualification and taxation as a REIT and the acquisition, ownership and disposition of our shares of common stock. This discussion is based upon the laws, regulations, and reported judicial and administrative rulings and decisions in effect as of the date of this prospectus, all of which are subject to change, retroactively or prospectively, and to possibly differing interpretations. This discussion does not purport to deal with the U.S. federal income and other tax consequences applicable to all investors in light of their particular investment or other circumstances, or to all categories of investors, some of whom may be subject to special rules (for example, insurance companies, entities treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes and investors therein, trusts, financial institutions and broker-dealers and, except to the extent discussed below, tax-exempt organizations and Non-U.S. Stockholders, as defined below). No ruling on the U.S. federal, state, or local tax considerations relevant to our operation or to the purchase, ownership or disposition of our shares, has been requested from the Internal Revenue Service, or IRS, or other tax authority. No assurance can be given that the IRS would not assert, or that a court would not sustain, a position contrary to any of the tax consequences described below.

This summary is also based upon the assumption that the operation of the company, and of its subsidiaries and other lower-tier and affiliated entities, will in each case be in accordance with its applicable organizational documents or partnership agreements. This summary does not discuss the impact that U.S. state and local taxes and taxes imposed by non-U.S. jurisdictions could have on the matters discussed in this summary. In addition, this summary assumes that security holders hold our common stock as a capital asset, which generally means as property held for investment.

Prospective investors are urged to consult their tax advisors in order to determine the U.S. federal, state, local, foreign and other tax consequences to them of the purchase, ownership and disposition of our shares, the tax treatment of a REIT and the effect of potential changes in the applicable tax laws.

We intend to elect and qualify to be taxed as a REIT under the applicable provisions of the Code and the Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder commencing with our taxable year ending December 31, 2011. Furthermore, we intend to continue operating as a REIT; however, we cannot assure you that we will meet the applicable requirements under U.S. federal income tax laws, which are highly technical and complex.

In brief, a corporation that complies with the provisions in Sections 856 through 860 of the Code and qualifies as a REIT generally is not taxed on its net taxable income to the extent such income is currently distributed to stockholders, thereby completely or substantially eliminating the “double taxation” that a corporation and its stockholders generally bear together. However, as discussed in greater detail below, a corporation could be subject to U.S. federal income tax in some circumstances even if it qualifies as a REIT and would likely suffer adverse consequences, including reduced cash available for distribution to its stockholders, if it failed to qualify as a REIT.

Proskauer Rose LLP has acted as our tax counsel in connection with this registration statement. Proskauer Rose LLP is of the opinion that (i) assuming that we timely file an election to be treated as a REIT and such election is not either revoked or intentionally terminated, commencing with our taxable year ending December 31, 2011, we have been organized in conformity with the requirements for qualification as a REIT under the Code, and our proposed method of operation will enable us to meet the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT under the Code, and (ii) our operating partnership will be taxed as a partnership or a disregarded entity and not an association or publicly traded partnership (within the meaning of Code Section 7704) subject to tax as a corporation, for U.S. federal income tax purposes beginning with its first taxable year. This opinion will be filed as an exhibit to the registration statement, of which this prospectus is a part, and is based and conditioned, in part, on various assumptions and representations as to factual matters and covenants made to Proskauer Rose LLP by us and based upon certain terms and conditions set forth in the opinion. Our qualification as a REIT depends upon our ability to meet, through operation of the properties we acquire and our investment in other assets, the applicable requirements under U.S. federal income tax laws. Proskauer Rose LLP has not reviewed these operating results for compliance

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with the applicable requirements under U.S. federal income tax laws. Therefore, we cannot assure you that our actual operating results allow us to satisfy the applicable requirements to qualify as a REIT under U.S. federal income tax laws in any taxable year.

General

The term “REIT taxable income” means the taxable income as computed for a corporation which is not a REIT:

without the deductions allowed by Code Sections 241 through 247 and Code Section 249 (relating generally to the deduction for dividends received);
excluding amounts equal to: the net income from foreclosure property and the net income derived from prohibited transactions;
deducting amounts equal to: the net loss from foreclosure property, the net loss derived from prohibited transactions, the tax imposed by Code Section 857(b)(5) upon a failure to meet the 95% and/or the 75% gross income tests, the tax imposed by Code Section 856(c)(7)(C) upon a failure to meet the quarterly asset tests, the tax imposed by Code Section 856(g)(5) for otherwise avoiding REIT disqualification, and the tax imposed by Code Section 857(b)(7) on redetermined rents, redetermined deductions and excess interest;
deducting the amount of dividends paid under Code Section 561, computed without regard to the amount of the net income from foreclosure property (which is excluded from REIT taxable income); and
without regard to any change of annual accounting period pursuant to Code Section 443(b).

In any year in which we qualify as a REIT and have a valid election in place, we will claim deductions for the dividends we pay to the stockholders, and therefore will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on that portion of our taxable income or capital gain which is distributed to our stockholders.

Although we can eliminate or substantially reduce our U.S. federal income tax liability by maintaining our REIT qualification and paying sufficient dividends, we will be subject to U.S. federal tax in the following circumstances:

We will be taxed at normal corporate rates on any undistributed REIT taxable income or net capital gain.
If we fail to satisfy either the 95% Gross Income Test or the 75% Gross Income Test (each of which is described below), but our failure is due to reasonable cause and not willful neglect, and we therefore maintain our REIT qualification, we will be subject to a tax equal to the product of (a) the amount by which we failed the 75% or 95% Gross Income Test (whichever amount is greater) multiplied by (b) a fraction intended to reflect our profitability.
We will be subject to an excise tax if we fail to currently distribute sufficient income. In order to make the “required distribution” with respect to a calendar year, we must distribute the sum of (i) 85% of our REIT ordinary income for the calendar year, (ii) 95% of our REIT capital gain net income for the calendar year, and (iii) the excess, if any, of the grossed up required distribution (as defined in the Code) for the preceding calendar year over the distributed amount for that preceding calendar year. Any excise tax liability would be equal to 4% of the difference between the amount required to be distributed under this formula and the amount actually distributed and would not be deductible by us.
We may be subject to the corporate “alternative minimum tax” on our items of tax preference, including any deductions of net operating losses.
If we have net income from prohibited transactions such income would be subject to a 100% tax. See the section entitled “— REIT Qualification Tests — Prohibited Transactions” below.

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We will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at the highest corporate rate on any non-qualifying income from foreclosure property, although we will not own any foreclosure property unless we make loans or accept purchase money notes secured by interests in real property and foreclose on the property following a default on the loan, or foreclose on property pursuant to a default on a lease.
If we fail to satisfy any of the REIT asset tests, as described below, other than a failure of the 5% or 10% REIT assets tests that does not exceed a statutory de minimis amount as described more fully below, but our failure is due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect and we nonetheless maintain our REIT qualification because of specified cure provisions, we will be required to pay a tax equal to the greater of $50,000 or the highest corporate tax rate (currently 35%) of the net income generated by the non-qualifying assets during the period in which we failed to satisfy the asset tests.
If we fail to satisfy any other provision of the Code that would result in our failure to qualify as a REIT (other than a gross income or asset test requirement) and that violation is due to reasonable cause, we may retain our REIT qualification, but we will be required to pay a penalty of $50,000 for each such failure.
If we derive “excess inclusion income” from an interest in certain mortgage loan securitization structures ( i.e. , a “taxable mortgage pool” or a residual interest in a real estate mortgage investment conduit, or REMIC), we could be subject to corporate-level U.S. federal income tax at a 35% rate to the extent that such income is allocable to specified types of tax-exempt stockholders known as “disqualified organizations” that are not subject to UBTI. See the “Excess Inclusion Income” portion of this section below.
We may be required to pay monetary penalties to the IRS in certain circumstances, including if we fail to meet record-keeping requirements intended to monitor our compliance with rules relating to the composition of our stockholders.
If we acquire any asset from a corporation that is subject to full corporate-level U.S. federal income tax in a transaction in which our basis in the asset is determined by reference to the transferor corporation’s basis in the asset, and we recognize gain on the disposition of such an asset during the 10-year period beginning on the date we acquired such asset, then the excess of the fair market value as of the beginning of the applicable recognition period over our adjusted basis in such asset at the beginning of such recognition period will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at the highest regular corporate U.S. federal income tax rate. The results described in this paragraph assume that the non-REIT corporation will not elect, in lieu of this treatment, to be subject to an immediate tax when the asset is acquired by us.
A 100% tax may be imposed on transactions between us and a TRS that do not reflect arm’s-length terms.
The earnings of our subsidiaries that are C corporations, including any subsidiary we may elect to treat as a TRS, will generally be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax.
We may elect to retain and pay income tax on our net capital gain. In that case, a stockholder would include his, her or its proportionate share of our undistributed net capital gain (to the extent we make a timely designation of such gain to the stockholder) in his, her or its income as long-term capital gain, would be deemed to have paid the tax that we paid on such gain, and would be allowed a credit for his, her or its proportionate share of the tax deemed to have been paid, and an adjustment would be made to increase the stockholder’s basis in our common stock. Stockholders that are U.S. corporations will also appropriately adjust their earnings and profits for the retained capital gain in accordance with Treasury Regulations to be promulgated.

In addition, notwithstanding our qualification as a REIT, we and our subsidiaries may be subject to a variety of taxes, including state and local and foreign income, property, payroll and other taxes on our assets and operations. We could also be subject to tax in situations and on transactions not presently contemplated.

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REIT Qualification Tests.

The Code defines a REIT as a corporation, trust or association:

that is managed by one or more trustees or directors;
the beneficial ownership of which is evidenced by transferable shares or by transferable certificates of beneficial interest;
that would be taxable as a domestic corporation but for its qualification as a REIT;
that is neither a financial institution nor an insurance company;
that meets the gross income, asset and annual distribution requirements;
the beneficial ownership of which is held by 100 or more persons on at least 335 days in each full taxable year, proportionately adjusted for a short taxable year;
generally in which, at any time during the last half of each taxable year, no more than 50% in value of the outstanding stock is owned, directly or indirectly, by five or fewer individuals (as defined in the Code to include specified entities);
that makes an election to be taxable as a REIT for the current taxable year, or has made this election for a previous taxable year, which election has not been revoked or terminated, and satisfies all relevant filing and other administrative requirements established by the IRS that must be met to elect REIT status and maintain qualification as a REIT; and
that uses a calendar year for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

The first five conditions must be met during each taxable year for which REIT qualification is sought, while the sixth and seventh conditions do not have to be met until after the first taxable year for which a REIT election is made. We intend to adopt December 31 as our year-end, thereby satisfying the last condition.

Although the 25% Asset Test (as defined below) generally prevents a REIT from owning more than 10% of the stock, by vote or value, of an entity other than another REIT, the Code provides an exception for ownership of stock in a qualified REIT subsidiary and in a TRS. A qualified REIT subsidiary is a corporation that is wholly owned by a REIT, and that it is not a TRS. For purposes of the Asset Tests and Gross Income Tests (each as defined below), all assets, liabilities and tax attributes of a qualified REIT subsidiary are treated as belonging to the REIT. A qualified REIT subsidiary is not subject to U.S. federal income tax, but may be subject to state or local tax. Although we expect to hold most of our investments through our operating partnership, we may hold some investments through qualified REIT subsidiaries. A TRS is described in the section entitled “— 25% Asset Test” below. With respect to the operating partnership, an entity taxed as a partnership is not subject to U.S. federal income tax, and instead allocates its tax attributes to its partners. The partners are subject to U.S. federal income tax on their allocable share of the income and gain, without regard to whether they receive distributions from the partnership. Each partner’s share of a partnership’s tax attributes generally is determined in accordance with the partnership agreement. For purposes of the Asset and Gross Income Tests, we will be deemed to own a proportionate share (based on our capital interest) of the assets of the operating partnership and we will be allocated a proportionate share of each item of gross income of the operating partnership.

In satisfying the tests described above, we must meet, among others, the following requirements:

Share Ownership Tests.   The common stock and any other stock we issue must be held by a minimum of 100 persons (determined without attribution to the owners of any entity owning our stock) for at least 335 days in each full taxable year, proportionately adjusted for partial taxable years. In addition, we cannot be “closely held,” which means that at all times during the second half of each taxable year, no more than 50% in value of our stock may be owned, directly or indirectly, by five or fewer individuals (determined by applying certain attribution rules under the Code to the owners of any entity owning our stock) as specifically defined for this purpose. However, these two requirements do not apply until after the first taxable year an entity elects REIT qualification.

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Our charter contains certain provisions intended to enable us to meet the sixth and seventh requirement above. First, subject to certain exceptions, our charter provides that no person may beneficially or constructively own (applying certain attribution rules under the Code) more than 9.8% in value of the aggregate of our outstanding shares of stock or more than 9.8% (in value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive) of any class or series of our shares of stock, as well as in certain other circumstances. See the section entitled “Description of Securities — Restrictions on Ownership and Transfer” included elsewhere in this prospectus. Additionally, our charter contains provisions requiring each holder of our shares to disclose, upon demand, constructive or beneficial ownership of shares as deemed necessary to comply with the requirements of the Code. Furthermore, stockholders failing or refusing to comply with our disclosure request will be required, under Treasury Regulations promulgated under the Code, to submit a statement of such information to the IRS at the time of filing their annual income tax returns for the year in which the request was made.

Asset Tests.   At the close of each calendar quarter of the taxable year, we must satisfy four tests based on the composition of our assets, or the Asset Tests. After initially meeting the Asset Tests at the close of any quarter, we will not lose our qualification as a REIT for failure to satisfy the Asset Tests at the end of a later quarter solely due to changes in value of our assets. In addition, if the failure to satisfy the Asset Tests results from an acquisition during a quarter, the failure generally can be cured by disposing of non-qualifying assets within 30 days after the close of that quarter. We intend to maintain adequate records of the value of our assets to ensure compliance with these tests and will act within 30 days after the close of any quarter as may be required to cure any noncompliance.

75% Asset Test.   At least 75% of the value of our assets must be represented by “real estate assets,” cash, cash items (including receivables) and government securities, which we refer to as the 75% Asset Test. Real estate assets include (i) real property (including interests in real property and interests in mortgages on real property), (ii) shares in other qualifying REITs, and (iii) any property (not otherwise a real estate asset) attributable to the temporary investment of “new capital” in stock or a debt instrument, but only for the one-year period beginning on the date we received the new capital. Property will qualify as being attributable to the temporary investment of new capital if the money used to purchase the stock or debt instrument is received by us in exchange for our stock or in a public offering of debt obligations that have a maturity of at least five years. Assets that do not qualify for purposes of the 75% test are subject to the additional asset tests described below under “— 25% Asset Test” below.

Additionally, regular and residual interests in a REMIC are considered real estate assets. However, if less than 95% of the assets of a REMIC are real estate assets, we will be treated as holding and earning a proportionate share of the assets and income of the REMIC directly. If we hold a “residual interest” in a REMIC from which we derive “excess inclusion income,” we will be required to either distribute the excess inclusion income or pay tax on it (or a combination of the two), even though we may not receive the income in cash. To the extent that distributed excess inclusion income is allocable to a particular stockholder, the income (1) would not be allowed to be offset by any net operating losses otherwise available to the stockholder, (2) would be subject to tax as unrelated business taxable income in the hands of most types of stockholders that are otherwise generally exempt from U.S. federal income tax, and (3) would result in the application of U.S. federal income tax withholding at the maximum rate (30%), without reduction pursuant to any otherwise applicable income tax treaty or other exemption, to the extent allocable to most types of foreign stockholders. Moreover, any excess inclusion income that we receive that is allocable to specified categories of tax-exempt investors which are not subject to unrelated business income tax, such as government entities or charitable remainder trusts, may be subject to corporate-level income tax in our hands, whether or not it is distributed. See the “— Excess Inclusion Income” portion of this section below.

We do not currently own interests in real properties but we intend to own such interests in the future. We anticipate that substantially all of our gross income will be from sources that will allow us to satisfy the income tests described below. Further, our purchase contracts for such real properties will apportion no more than 5% of the purchase price of any property to property other than “real property,” as defined in the Code. However, there can be no assurance that the IRS will not contest such purchase price allocation. If the IRS were to prevail, resulting in more than 5% of the purchase price of property being allocated to other than “real property,” we may be unable to continue to qualify as a REIT under the 75% Asset Test, and also may

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be subject to additional taxes, as described below. In addition, we intend to invest funds not used to acquire properties in cash sources, “new capital” investments or other liquid investments which allow us to continue to qualify under the 75% Asset Test. Therefore, our investment in real properties should constitute “real estate assets” and should allow us to meet the 75% Asset Test.

25% Asset Test.   Except as described below, the remaining 25% of our assets generally may be invested without restriction, which we refer to as the 25% Asset Test. However, if we invest in any securities that do not qualify under the 75% Asset Test, such securities may not exceed either: (i) 5% of the value of our assets as to any one issuer; or (ii) 10% of the outstanding securities by vote or value of any one issuer. The 10% value test does not apply to certain “straight debt” and other excluded securities, as described in the Code, including but not limited to any loan to an individual or estate, any obligation to pay rents from real property and any security issued by a REIT. In addition, a partnership interest held by a REIT is not considered a “security” for purposes of the 10% value test; instead, the REIT is treated as owning directly its proportionate share of the partnership’s assets, which is based on the REIT’s proportionate interest in any securities issued by the partnership (disregarding for this purpose the general rule that a partnership interest is not a security), but excluding certain securities described in the Code.

Two modifications apply to the 25% Asset Test for “qualified REIT subsidiaries” or “taxable REIT subsidiaries.” As discussed above, the stock of a qualified REIT subsidiary is not counted for purposes of the 25% Asset Test. A qualified REIT subsidiary is a corporation that is wholly owned by a REIT and that is not a TRS. All assets, liabilities and tax attributes of a qualified REIT subsidiary are treated as belonging to the REIT. A qualified REIT subsidiary is not subject to U.S. federal income tax, but may be subject to other taxes. Although we expect to hold all of our investments through the operating partnership, we also may hold investments separately, through qualified REIT subsidiaries. As described above, a qualified REIT subsidiary must be wholly owned by a REIT. Thus, any such subsidiary utilized by us would have to be owned by us, or another qualified REIT subsidiary, and would not be owned by the operating partnership.

Additionally, a REIT may own the stock of a TRS, which is a corporation (other than another REIT) that is owned in whole or in part by a REIT, and joins in an election with the REIT to be classified as a TRS. A corporation that is 35% owned by a TRS also will be treated as a TRS. A TRS may not be a qualified REIT subsidiary, and vice versa. A TRS is subject to full corporate-level tax on its income. As described below regarding the 75% Gross Income Test, a TRS is utilized in much the same way an independent contractor is used to provide types of services without causing the REIT to receive or accrue some types of non-qualifying income. For purposes of the 25% Asset Test, securities of a TRS are excepted from the 10% vote and value limitations on a REIT’s ownership of securities of a single issuer. However, no more than 25% of the value of a REIT may be represented by securities of one or more TRSs. In addition to using independent contractors to provide services in connection with the operation of our properties, we also may use TRSs to carry out these functions.

We believe that our holdings of real estate assets and other securities will comply with the foregoing REIT asset requirements, and we intend to monitor compliance on an ongoing basis. We may make real estate-related debt investments, provided the underlying real estate meets our criteria for direct investment. A real estate mortgage loan that we own generally will be treated as a real estate asset for purposes of the 75% REIT asset test if, on the date that we acquire or originate the mortgage loan, the value of the real property securing the loan is equal to or greater than the principal amount of the loan. Certain mezzanine loans we make or acquire may qualify for the safe harbor in Revenue Procedure 2003-65, 2003-2 C.B. 336, pursuant to which certain loans secured by a first priority security interest in ownership interests in a partnership or limited liability company will be treated as qualifying assets for purposes of the 75% real estate asset test and the 10% vote or value test. We may hold some mezzanine loans that do not qualify for that safe harbor. Furthermore, we may acquire distressed debt investments that require subsequent modification by agreement with the borrower. If the amendments to the outstanding debt are “significant modifications” under the applicable Treasury Regulations, the modified debt may be considered to have been reissued to us in a taxable debt-for-debt exchange with the borrower. This deemed reissuance may prevent the modified debt from qualifying as a good REIT asset if the underlying security has declined in value. While we intend to make such investments in such a manner as not to fail the asset or income tests described above, no assurance can be given that any such investments would not disqualify us as a REIT.

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A REIT is able to cure certain asset test violations. As noted above, a REIT cannot own securities of any one issuer representing more than 5% of the total value of the REIT’s assets or more than 10% of the outstanding securities, by vote or value, of any one issuer. However, a REIT would not lose its REIT qualification for failing to satisfy these 5% or 10% asset tests in a quarter if the failure is due to the ownership of assets the total value of which does not exceed the lesser of (i) 1% of the total value of the REIT’s assets at the end of the quarter for which the measurement is done, or (ii) $10 million, provided that, in either case, the REIT either disposes of the assets within six months after the last day of the quarter in which the REIT identifies the failure (or such other time period prescribed by the Treasury), or otherwise meets the requirements of those rules by the end of that period.

If a REIT fails to meet any of the asset test requirements for a quarter and the failure exceeds the de minimis threshold described above, then the REIT still would be deemed to have satisfied the requirements if: (i) following the REIT’s identification of the failure, the REIT files a schedule with a description of each asset that caused the failure, in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Treasury; (ii) the failure was due to reasonable cause and not to willful neglect; (iii) the REIT disposes of the assets within six months after the last day of the quarter in which the identification occurred or such other time period as is prescribed by the Treasury (or the requirements of the rules are otherwise met within that period); and (iv) the REIT pays a tax on the failure equal to the greater of (A) $50,000 and (B) an amount determined (under regulations) by multiplying (1) the highest rate of tax for corporations under section 11 of the Code, by (2) the net income generated by the assets that caused the failure for the period beginning on the first date of the failure and ending on the date the REIT has disposed of the assets (or otherwise satisfies the requirements).

Gross Income Tests.   For each calendar year, we must satisfy two separate tests based on the composition of our gross income, as defined under our method of accounting, or the Gross Income Tests.

The 75% Gross Income Test.   At least 75% of our gross income for the taxable year (excluding gross income from prohibited transactions) must result from (i) rents from real property, (ii) interest on obligations secured by mortgages on real property or on interests in real property, (iii) gains from the sale or other disposition of real property (including interests in real property and interests in mortgages on real property) other than property held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of our trade or business, (iv) dividends from other qualifying REITs and gain (other than gain from prohibited transactions) from the sale of shares of other qualifying REITs, (v) other specified investments relating to real property or mortgages thereon, and (vi) for a limited time, temporary investment income (as described under the 75% Asset Test above). We refer to this requirement as the 75% Gross Income Test. We intend to invest funds not otherwise invested in real properties in cash sources or other liquid investments which will allow us to qualify under the 75% Gross Income Test.

Income attributable to a lease of real property generally will qualify as “rents from real property” under the 75% Gross Income Test (and the 95% Gross Income Test described below) if such lease is respected as a true lease for U.S. federal income tax purposes (see “— Characterization of Property Leases”) and subject to the rules discussed below.

Rent from a particular tenant will not qualify if we, or an owner of 10% or more of our stock, directly or indirectly, owns 10% or more of the voting stock or the total number of shares of all classes of stock in, or 10% or more of the assets or net profits of, the tenant (subject to certain exceptions). The portion of rent attributable to personal property rented in connection with real property will not qualify, unless the portion attributable to personal property is 15% or less of the total rent received under, or in connection with, the lease.

Generally, rent will not qualify if it is based in whole, or in part, on the income or profits of any person from the underlying property. However, rent will not fail to qualify if it is based on a fixed percentage (or designated varying percentages) of receipts or sales, including amounts above a base amount so long as the base amount is fixed at the time the lease is entered into, the provisions are in accordance with normal business practice and the arrangement is not an indirect method for basing rent on income or profits.

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If a REIT operates or manages a property or furnishes or renders certain “impermissible services” to the tenants at the property, and the income derived from the services exceeds 1% of the total amount received by that REIT with respect to the property, then no amount received by the REIT with respect to the property will qualify as “rents from real property.” Impermissible services are services other than services “usually or customarily rendered” in connection with the rental of real property and not otherwise considered “rendered to the occupant.” For these purposes, the income that a REIT is considered to receive from the provision of “impermissible services” will not be less than 150% of the cost of providing the service. If the amount so received is 1% or less of the total amount received by us with respect to the property, then only the income from the impermissible services will not qualify as “rents from real property.” However, this rule generally will not apply if such services are provided to tenants through an independent contractor from whom we derive no revenue, or though a TRS. With respect to this rule, tenants will receive some services in connection with their leases of the real properties. Our intention is that the services to be provided are those usually or customarily rendered in connection with the rental of space, and therefore, providing these services will not cause the rents received with respect to the properties to fail to qualify as rents from real property for purposes of the 75% Gross Income Test (and the 95% Gross Income Test described below). The board of directors intends to hire qualifying independent contractors or to utilize our TRSs to render services which it believes, after consultation with our tax advisors, are not usually or customarily rendered in connection with the rental of space.

In addition, we have represented that, with respect to our leasing activities, we will not (i) charge rent for any property that is based in whole or in part on the income or profits of any person (excluding rent based on a percentage of receipts or sales, as described above), (ii) charge rent that will be attributable to personal property in an amount greater than 15% of the total rent received under the applicable lease, or (iii) enter into any lease with a related party tenant.

Amounts received as rent from a TRS are not excluded from rents from real property by reason of the related party rules described above, if the activities of the TRS and the nature of the properties it leases meet certain requirements. The TRSs will pay regular corporate rates on any income they earn. In addition, the TRS rules limit the deductibility of interest paid or accrued by a TRS to its parent REIT to assure that the TRS is subject to an appropriate level of corporate taxation. Further, the rules impose a 100% excise tax on transactions between a TRS and its parent REIT or the REIT’s tenants whose terms are not on an arm’s-length basis.

It is possible that we will be paid interest on loans secured by real property. All interest income qualifies under the 95% Gross Income Test, and interest on loans secured by real property qualifies under the 75% Gross Income Test, provided that in both cases, the interest does not depend, in whole or in part, on the income or profits of any person (excluding amounts based on a fixed percentage of receipts or sales). If a loan is secured by both real property and other property, the interest on it may nevertheless qualify under the 75% Gross Income Test. Interest income constitutes qualifying mortgage interest for purposes of the 75% Gross Income Test to the extent that the obligation is secured by a mortgage on real property. If we receive interest income with respect to a mortgage loan that is secured by both real property and other property, and the highest principal amount of the loan outstanding during a taxable year exceeds the fair market value of the real property on the date that we acquired or originated the mortgage loan, the interest income will be apportioned between the real property and the other property, and our income from the loan will qualify for purposes of the 75% gross income test only to the extent that the interest is allocable to the real property. Although the issue is not free from doubt, we may be required to treat a portion of the gross income derived from a mortgage loan that is acquired at a time when the fair market value of the real property securing the loan is less than the loan’s face amount and there are other assets securing the loan, as non-qualifying for the 75% gross income test even if our acquisition price for the loan (that is, the fair market value of the loan) is less than the value of the real property securing the loan. All of our loans secured by real property will be structured so that the amount of the loan does not exceed the fair market value of the real property at the time of the loan commitment. Therefore, income generated through any investments in loans secured by real property should be treated as qualifying income under the 75% Gross Income Test.

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The 95% Gross Income Test.   In addition to deriving 75% of our gross income from the sources listed above, at least 95% of our gross income (excluding gross income from prohibited transactions) for the taxable year must be derived from (i) sources which satisfy the 75% Gross Income Test, (ii) dividends, (iii) interest, or (iv) gain from the sale or disposition of stock or other securities that are not assets held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of our trade or business. We refer to this requirement as the 95% Gross Income Test. It is important to note that dividends and interest on obligations not collateralized by an interest in real property qualify under the 95% Gross Income Test, but not under the 75% Gross Income Test. We intend to invest funds not otherwise invested in properties in cash sources or other liquid investments which will allow us to qualify under the 95% Gross Income Test.

Our share of income from the properties will primarily give rise to rental income and gains on sales of the properties, substantially all of which generally will qualify under the 75% Gross Income and 95% Gross Income Tests. Our anticipated operations indicate that it is likely that we will have little or no non-qualifying income to cause adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences.

As described above, we may establish one or more TRSs with which we could enter into leases for any properties we may invest in. The gross income generated by these TRSs would not be included in our gross income. However, we would realize gross income from these subsidiaries in the form of rents. In addition, any dividends from TRSs to us would be included in our gross income and qualify for the 95% Gross Income Test, but not the 75% Gross Income Test.

If we fail to satisfy either the 75% Gross Income or 95% Gross Income Tests for any taxable year, we may retain our qualification as a REIT for such year if we satisfy the IRS that: (i) the failure was due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect, (ii) we attach to our return a schedule describing the nature and amount of each item of our gross income, and (iii) any incorrect information on such schedule was not due to fraud with intent to evade U.S. federal income tax. If this relief provision is available, we would remain subject to tax equal to the greater of the amount by which we failed the 75% Gross Income Test or the 95% Gross Income Test, as applicable, multiplied by a fraction meant to reflect our profitability.

Annual Distribution Requirements.   In addition to the other tests described above, we are required to distribute dividends (other than capital gain dividends) to our stockholders each year in an amount at least equal to the excess of: (a) the sum of (i) 90% of our REIT taxable income (determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and by excluding any net capital gain) and (ii) 90% of the net income (after tax) from foreclosure property; over (b) the sum of some types of items of non-cash income. Whether sufficient amounts have been distributed is based on amounts paid in the taxable year to which they relate, or in the following taxable year if we: (A) declared a dividend before the due date of our tax return (including extensions); (B) distribute the dividend within the 12-month period following the close of the taxable year (and not later than the date of the first regular dividend payment made after such declaration); and (C) file an election with our tax return. Additionally, dividends that we declare in October, November or December in a given year payable to stockholders of record in any such month will be treated as having been paid on December 31 st of that year so long as the dividends are actually paid during January of the following year. In order for distributions to be counted as satisfying the annual distribution requirements for REITs, and to provide us with a REIT-level tax deduction, the distributions must not be “preferential dividends.” A dividend is not a preferential dividend if the distribution is (1) pro rata among all outstanding shares of stock within a particular class, and (2) in accordance with the preferences among different classes of stock as set forth in our organizational documents. If we fail to meet the annual distribution requirements as a result of an adjustment to our U.S. federal income tax return by the IRS, or under certain other circumstances, we may cure the failure by paying a “deficiency dividend” (plus penalties and interest to the IRS) within a specified period.

If we do not distribute 100% of our REIT taxable income, we will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the undistributed portion. We also will be subject to an excise tax if we fail to currently distribute sufficient income. In order to make the “required distribution” with respect to a calendar year and avoid the excise tax, we must distribute the sum of (a) 85% of our REIT ordinary income for the calendar year, (b) 95% of our REIT capital gain net income for the calendar year, and (c) the excess, if any, of the grossed up required distribution (as defined in the Code) for the preceding calendar year over the distributed amount for that

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preceding calendar year. Any excise tax liability would be equal to 4% of the difference between the amount required to be distributed and the amount actually distributed and would not be deductible by us.

We intend to pay sufficient dividends each year to satisfy the annual distribution requirements and avoid U.S. federal income and excise taxes on our earnings; however, it may not always be possible to do so. It is possible that we may not have sufficient cash or other liquid assets to meet the annual distribution requirements due to tax accounting rules and other timing differences. Other potential sources of non-cash taxable income include:

“residual interests” in REMICs or taxable mortgage pools;
loans or mortgage-backed securities held as assets that are issued at a discount and require the accrual of taxable economic interest in advance of receipt in cash; and
loans on which the borrower is permitted to defer cash payments of interest, distressed loans on which we may be required to accrue taxable interest income even though the borrower is unable to make current servicing payments in cash, and debt securities purchased at a discount.

We will closely monitor the relationship between our REIT taxable income and cash flow, and if necessary to comply with the annual distribution requirements, will attempt to borrow funds to fully provide the necessary cash flow or to pay dividends in the form of taxable in-kind distributions of property, including taxable stock dividends.

Failure to Qualify.   If we fail to qualify, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, as a REIT in any taxable year, we may be eligible for relief provisions if the failures are due to reasonable cause and not willful neglect and if a penalty tax is paid with respect to each failure to satisfy the applicable requirements. If the applicable relief provisions are not available or cannot be met, we will not be able to deduct our dividends and will be subject to U.S. federal income tax (including any applicable alternative minimum tax) on our taxable income at regular corporate rates, thereby reducing cash available for distributions. In such event, all distributions to stockholders (to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits) will be taxable as ordinary dividend income. This “double taxation” would result if we fail to qualify as a REIT. Unless entitled to relief under specific statutory provisions, we would not be eligible to elect REIT qualification for the four taxable years following the year during which qualification was lost.

Recordkeeping Requirements.   We are required to maintain records and request on an annual basis information from specified stockholders. These requirements are designed to assist us in determining the actual ownership of our outstanding stock and maintaining our qualification as a REIT.

Prohibited Transactions.   As discussed above, we will be subject to a 100% U.S. federal excise tax on any net income derived from “prohibited transactions.” Net income derived from prohibited transactions arises from the sale or exchange of property held for sale to customers in the ordinary course of our business which is not foreclosure property. There is an exception to this rule for the sale of property that:

is a real estate asset under the 75% Asset Test;
generally has been held for at least two years;
has aggregate expenditures which are includable in the basis of the property not in excess of 30% of the net selling price;
in some cases, was held for production of rental income for at least two years;
in some cases, substantially all the marketing and development expenditures were made through an independent contractor; and
when combined with other sales in the year, either does not cause the REIT to have made more than seven sales of property during the taxable year (excluding sales of foreclosure property or in connection with an involuntary conversion) or occurs in a year when the REIT disposes of less than 10% of its assets (measured by U.S. federal income tax basis or fair market value, and ignoring involuntary dispositions and sales of foreclosure property).

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Although we currently intend to sell each of the properties, our primary intention in acquiring and operating the properties is the production of rental income and we do not expect to hold any property for sale to customers in the ordinary course of our business. The 100% tax will not apply to gains from the sale of property that is held through a TRS or other taxable corporation, although such income will be subject to tax in the hands of the corporation at regular corporate income tax rates. As a general matter, any condominium conversions we might undertake must satisfy these restrictions to avoid being “prohibited transactions,” which will limit the annual number of transactions.

Excess Inclusion Income

Pursuant to IRS guidance, a REIT’s excess inclusion income, including any excess inclusion income from a residual interest in a REMIC, must be allocated among its stockholders in proportion to dividends paid. The REIT is required to notify stockholders of the amount of “excess inclusion income” allocated to them. A stockholder’s share of excess inclusion income:

cannot be offset by any net operating losses otherwise available to the stockholder;
is subject to tax as UBTI in the hands of most types of stockholders that are otherwise generally exempt from U.S. federal income tax; and
results in the application of U.S. federal income tax withholding at the maximum rate (30%), without reduction for any otherwise applicable income tax treaty or other exemption, to the extent allocable to most types of foreign stockholders.

See “— Federal Income Taxation of Stockholders.” Under recently issued IRS guidance, to the extent that excess inclusion income is allocated to a tax-exempt stockholder of a REIT that is not subject to unrelated business taxable income (such as a government entity or charitable remainder trust), the REIT may be subject to tax on this income at the highest applicable corporate tax rate (currently 35%). In that case, the REIT could reduce distributions to such stockholders by the amount of such tax paid by the REIT attributable to such stockholder’s ownership. Treasury regulations provide that such a reduction in distributions does not give rise to a preferential dividend that could adversely affect the REIT’s compliance with its distribution requirements. See “— REIT Qualification Tests — Annual Distribution Requirements.” The manner in which excess inclusion income is calculated, or would be allocated to stockholders, including allocations among shares of different classes of stock, is not clear under current law. As required by IRS guidance, we intend to make such determinations using a reasonable method. Tax-exempt investors, foreign investors and taxpayers with net operating losses should carefully consider the tax consequences described above, and are urged to consult their tax advisors.

Characterization of Property Leases.   We may purchase either new or existing properties and lease them to tenants. Our ability to claim certain tax benefits associated with ownership of these properties, such as depreciation, would depend on a determination that the lease transactions are true leases, under which we would be the owner of the leased property for U.S. federal income tax purposes, rather than a conditional sale of the property or a financing transaction. A determination by the IRS that we are not the owner of any properties for U.S. federal income tax purposes may have adverse consequences to us, such as the denial of depreciation deductions (which could affect the determination of our REIT taxable income subject to the distribution requirements) or the aggregate value of our assets invested in real estate (which could affect REIT asset testing).

Tax Aspects of Investments in Partnerships

General.   We anticipate holding direct or indirect interests in one or more partnerships, including the operating partnership. We intend to operate as an Umbrella Partnership REIT, or UPREIT, which is a structure whereby we would own a direct interest in the operating partnership, and the operating partnership would, in turn, own the properties and may possibly own interests in other non-corporate entities that own properties. Such non-corporate entities would generally be organized as limited liability companies, partnerships or trusts and would either be disregarded for U.S. federal income tax purposes (if the operating partnership were the sole owner) or treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

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The following is a summary of the U.S. federal income tax consequences of our investment in the operating partnership if the operating partnership is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. This discussion should also generally apply to any investment by us in a property partnership or other non-corporate entity.

A partnership (that is not a publicly traded partnership taxed as a corporation) is not subject to tax as an entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Rather, partners are allocated their allocable share of the items of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit of the partnership, and are potentially subject to tax thereon, without regard to whether the partners receive any distributions from the partnership. We will be required to take into account our allocable share of the foregoing items for purposes of the various REIT gross income and asset tests, and in the computation of our REIT taxable income and U.S. federal income tax liability. Further, there can be no assurance that distributions from the operating partnership will be sufficient to pay the tax liabilities resulting from an investment in the operating partnership.

Generally, an entity with two or more members formed as a partnership or limited liability company under state law will be taxed as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes unless it specifically elects otherwise. Because the operating partnership was formed as a partnership under state law, for U.S. federal income tax purposes the operating partnership will be treated as a partnership, if it has two or more partners, or a disregarded entity, if it is treated as having one partner. We intend that interests in the operating partnership (and any partnership invested in by the operating partnership) will fall within one of the “safe harbors” for the partnership to avoid being classified as a publicly traded partnership. However, our ability to satisfy the requirements of some of these safe harbors depends on the results of our actual operations and accordingly no assurance can be given that any such partnership will at all times satisfy one of such safe harbors. We reserve the right to not satisfy any safe harbor. Even if a partnership is a publicly traded partnership, it generally will not be treated as a corporation if at least 90% of its gross income each taxable year is from certain sources, which generally include rents from real property and other types of passive income. We believe that our operating partnership will have sufficient qualifying income so that it would be taxed as a partnership, even if it were treated as a publicly traded partnership.

If for any reason the operating partnership (or any partnership invested in by the operating partnership) is taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the character of our assets and items of gross income would change, and as a result, we would most likely be unable to satisfy the applicable REIT requirements under U.S. federal income tax laws discussed above. In addition, any change in the status of any partnership may be treated as a taxable event, in which case we could incur a tax liability without a related cash distribution. Further, if any partnership was treated as a corporation, items of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit of such partnership would be subject to corporate income tax, and the partners of any such partnership would be treated as stockholders, with distributions to such partners being treated as dividends.

Anti-abuse Treasury Regulations have been issued under the partnership provisions of the Code that authorize the IRS, in some abusive transactions involving partnerships, to disregard the form of a transaction and recast it as it deems appropriate. The anti-abuse regulations apply where a partnership is utilized in connection with a transaction (or series of related transactions) with a principal purpose of substantially reducing the present value of the partners’ aggregate U.S. federal tax liability in a manner inconsistent with the intent of the partnership provisions. The anti-abuse regulations contain an example in which a REIT contributes the proceeds of a public offering to a partnership in exchange for a general partnership interest. The limited partners contribute real property assets to the partnership, subject to liabilities that exceed their respective aggregate bases in such property. The example concludes that the use of the partnership is not inconsistent with the intent of the partnership provisions, and thus, cannot be recast by the IRS. However, the anti-abuse regulations are extraordinarily broad in scope and are applied based on an analysis of all the facts and circumstances. As a result, we cannot assure you that the IRS will not attempt to apply the anti-abuse regulations to us. Any such action could potentially jeopardize our qualification as a REIT and materially affect the tax consequences and economic return resulting from an investment in us.

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Income Taxation of Partnerships and their Partners.   Although a partnership agreement generally will determine the allocation of a partnership’s income and losses among the partners, such allocations may be disregarded for U.S. federal income tax purposes under Section 704(b) of the Code and the Treasury Regulations. If any allocation is not recognized for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the item subject to the allocation will be reallocated in accordance with the partners’ economic interests in the partnership. We believe that the allocations of taxable income and loss in the operating partnership agreement comply with the requirements of Section 704(b) of the Code and the Treasury Regulations. For a description of allocations by the operating partnership to the partners, see the section entitled “Summary of Our Operating Partnership Agreement” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

In some cases, special allocations of net profits or net losses will be required to comply with the U.S. federal income tax principles governing partnership tax allocations. Additionally, pursuant to Section 704(c) of the Code, income, gain, loss and deduction attributable to property contributed to the operating partnership in exchange for units must be allocated in a manner so that the contributing partner is charged with, or benefits from, the unrealized gain or loss attributable to the property at the time of contribution. The amount of such unrealized gain or loss is generally equal to the difference between the fair market value and the adjusted basis of the property at the time of contribution. These allocations are designed to eliminate book-tax differences by allocating to contributing partners lower amounts of depreciation deductions and increased taxable income and gain attributable to the contributed property than would ordinarily be the case for economic or book purposes. With respect to any property purchased by the operating partnership, such property generally will have an initial tax basis equal to its fair market value, and accordingly, Section 704(c) will not apply, except as described further below in this paragraph. The application of the principles of Section 704(c) in tiered partnership arrangements is not entirely clear. Accordingly, the IRS may assert a different allocation method than the one selected by the operating partnership to cure any book-tax differences. In certain circumstances, we create book-tax differences by adjusting the values of properties for economic or book purposes and generally the rules of Section 704(c) of the Code would apply to such differences as well.

For U.S. federal income tax purposes, our depreciation deductions generally will be computed using the straight-line method. Residential rental buildings, structural components and improvements are generally depreciated over 27.5 years. Shorter depreciation periods apply to other properties. Some improvements to land are depreciated over 15 years. With respect to such improvements, however, taxpayers may elect to depreciate these improvements over 20 years using the straight-line method. For properties contributed to the operating partnership, depreciation deductions are calculated based on the transferor’s basis and depreciation method. Because depreciation deductions are based on the transferor’s basis in the contributed property, the operating partnership generally would be entitled to less depreciation than if the properties were purchased in a taxable transaction. The burden of lower depreciation generally will fall first on the contributing partner, but also may reduce the depreciation allocated to other partners.

Gain on the sale or other disposition of depreciable property is characterized as ordinary income (rather than capital gain) to the extent of any depreciation recapture. Buildings and improvements depreciated under the straight-line method of depreciation are generally not subject to depreciation recapture unless the property was held for less than one year. However, individuals, trusts and estates that hold shares either directly or through a pass-through entity may be subject to tax on the disposition on such assets at a rate of 25% rather than at the normal capital gains rate, to the extent that such assets have been depreciated.

Some expenses incurred in the conduct of the operating partnership’s activities may not be deducted in the year they were paid. To the extent this occurs, the taxable income of the operating partnership may exceed its cash receipts for the year in which the expense is paid. As discussed above, the costs of acquiring properties must generally be recovered through depreciation deductions over a number of years. Prepaid interest and loan fees, and prepaid management fees are other examples of expenses that may not be deducted in the year they were paid.

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Taxation of U.S. Stockholders

Taxation of Taxable U.S. Stockholders.   As long as we qualify as a REIT, distributions paid to our U.S. stockholders out of current or accumulated earnings and profits (and not designated as capital gain dividends, or for tax years beginning before January 1, 2013, qualified dividend income) will be ordinary income. Generally, for purposes of this discussion, a “U.S. Stockholder” is a person (other than a partnership or entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes:

an individual citizen or resident of the United States for U.S. federal income tax purposes;
a corporation, or other entity taxable as a corporation, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia;
an estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or
a trust if (1) a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over its administration and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (2) the trust has a valid election in effect under current Treasury Regulations to be treated as a U. S. person.

If a partnership or entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes holds our stock, the U.S. federal income tax treatment of a partner generally will depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. A partner of a partnership holding our common stock should consult its own tax advisor regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences to the partner of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of our stock by the partnership.

Distributions in excess of current and accumulated earnings and profits are treated first as a tax-deferred return of capital to the U.S. Stockholder, reducing the U.S. Stockholder’s tax basis in his or her common stock by the amount of such distribution. Such distributions that exceed tax basis are subject to tax as capital gain. Because our earnings and profits are reduced for depreciation and other non-cash items, it is possible that a portion of each distribution will constitute a tax-deferred return of capital. Additionally, because distributions in excess of earnings and profits reduce the U.S. Stockholder’s basis in our stock, this will increase the stockholder’s gain on any subsequent sale of the stock.

Distributions that we designate as capital gain dividends will be taxed as long-term capital gain to the extent they do not exceed our actual net capital gain for the taxable year, without regard to the period for which the U.S. Stockholder that receives such distribution has held its stock. However, corporate stockholders may be required to treat up to 20% of some types of capital gain dividends as ordinary income. We also may decide to retain, rather than distribute, our net capital gain and pay any tax thereon. In such instances, U.S. Stockholders would include their proportionate shares of such gain in income as long-term capital gain, receive a credit on their returns for their proportionate share of our tax payments, and increase the tax basis of their shares of stock by the after-tax amount of such gain.

With respect to U.S. Stockholders who are taxed at the rates applicable to individuals, for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2013, we may elect to designate a portion of our distributions paid to such U.S. Stockholders as “qualified dividend income.” A portion of a distribution that is properly designated as qualified dividend income is taxable to non-corporate U.S. Stockholders as capital gain, provided that the U.S. Stockholder has held the common stock with respect to which the distribution is made for more than 60 days during the 121-day period beginning on the date that is 60 days before the date on which such common stock became ex-dividend with respect to the relevant distribution. The maximum amount of our distributions eligible to be designated as qualified dividend income for a taxable year is equal to the sum of:

(1) the qualified dividend income received by us during such taxable year from C corporations (including any TRSs);
(2) the excess of any “undistributed” REIT taxable income recognized during the immediately preceding year over the U.S. federal income tax paid by us with respect to such undistributed REIT taxable income; and

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(3) the excess of any income recognized during the immediately preceding year attributable to the sale of a built-in-gain asset that was acquired in a carry-over basis transaction from a non REIT corporation or had appreciated at the time our REIT election became effective over the U.S. federal income tax paid by us with respect to such built-in gain.

Generally, dividends that we receive will be treated as qualified dividend income for purposes of (1) above if the dividends are received from a regular domestic C corporation, such as any TRSs, and specified holding period and other requirements are met.

Dividend income is characterized as “portfolio” income under the passive loss rules and cannot be offset by a stockholder’s current or suspended passive losses. Corporate stockholders cannot claim the dividends received deduction for such dividends unless we lose our REIT qualification. Although U.S. Stockholders generally will recognize taxable income in the year that a distribution is received, any distribution we declare in October, November or December of any year and is payable to a U.S. Stockholder of record on a specific date in any such month will be treated as both paid by us and received by the U.S. Stockholder on December 31 st of the year it was declared even if paid by us during January of the following calendar year. Because we are not a pass-through entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes, U.S. Stockholders may not use any of our operating or capital losses to reduce their tax liabilities.

We have the ability to declare a large portion of a dividend in shares of our stock. As long as a portion of such dividend is paid in cash (which portion can be as low as 10% for a REIT’s taxable years ending on or before December 31, 2011) and certain requirements are met, the entire distribution will be treated as a dividend for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, U.S. Stockholders will be taxed on 100% of the dividend in the same manner as a cash dividend, even though most of the dividend was paid in shares of our stock. In general, any dividend on shares of our preferred stock will be taxable as a dividend, regardless of whether any portion is paid in stock.

In general, the sale of our common stock held for more than 12 months will produce long-term capital gain or loss. All other sales will produce short-term gain or loss. In each case, the gain or loss is equal to the difference between the amount of cash and fair market value of any property received from the sale and the U.S. Stockholder’s basis in the common stock sold. However, any loss from a sale or exchange of common stock by a U.S. Stockholder who has held such stock for six months or less generally will be treated as a long-term capital loss, to the extent that the U.S. Stockholder treated our distributions as long-term capital gain. The use of capital losses is subject to limitations.

If excess inclusion income from a REMIC residual interest is allocated to any stockholder, that income will be taxable in the hands of the stockholder and would not be offset by any net operating losses of the stockholder that would otherwise be available. As required by IRS guidance, we intend to notify our stockholders if a portion of a dividend paid by us is attributable to excess inclusion income.

We will report to our U.S. stockholders and to the IRS the amount of dividends paid during each calendar year, and the amount (if any) of U.S. federal income tax we withhold. A stockholder may be subject to backup withholding with respect to dividends paid unless such stockholder: (i) is a corporation or comes within other exempt categories; or (ii) provides us with a taxpayer identification number, certifies as to no loss of exemption, and otherwise complies with applicable requirements. A stockholder that does not provide us with its correct taxpayer identification number also may be subject to penalties imposed by the IRS. Any amount paid as backup withholding can be credited against the stockholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability. In addition, we may be required to withhold a portion of distributions made to any stockholders who fail to certify their non-foreign status to us. See the “— Taxation of Non-U.S. Stockholders” portion of this section.

For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2013, the maximum tax rate applicable to individuals and certain other noncorporate taxpayers on net capital gain recognized on the sale or other disposition of shares has been reduced from 20% to 15%, and the maximum marginal tax rate payable by them on dividends received from corporations that are subject to a corporate level of tax has been reduced. Except in limited circumstances, as discussed above, this reduced tax rate will not apply to dividends paid by us.

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Newly enacted legislation requires certain U.S. Stockholders who are individuals, estates or trusts to pay a 3.8% tax on, among other things, dividends on and capital gains from the sale or other disposition of shares of stock for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2012. U.S. Stockholders should consult their tax advisors regarding the effect, if any, of this legislation on their ownership and disposition of shares of our common stock.

Taxation of Tax-Exempt Stockholders.   U.S. tax-exempt entities, including qualified employee pension and profit sharing trusts and individual retirement accounts, generally are exempt from U.S. federal income taxation. However, they are subject to taxation on their unrelated business taxable income, or UBTI. While many investments in real estate may generate UBTI, the IRS has ruled that dividend distributions from a REIT to a tax-exempt entity do not constitute UBTI. Based on that ruling, our distributions to a U.S. Stockholder that is a domestic tax-exempt entity should not constitute UBTI unless such U.S. Stockholder borrows funds (or otherwise incurs acquisition indebtedness within the meaning of the Code) to acquire its common shares, or the common shares are otherwise used in an unrelated trade or business of the tax-exempt entity. Furthermore, even in the absence of acquisition debt, part or all of the income or gain recognized with respect to our stock held by certain domestic tax-exempt entities, including social clubs, voluntary employee benefit associations, supplemental unemployment benefit trusts and qualified group legal service plans (all of which are exempt from U.S. federal income taxation under Sections 501(c)(7), (9), (17) or (20) of the Code), may be treated as UBTI.

Special rules apply to the ownership of REIT shares by some tax-exempt pension trusts. If we would be “closely held” (discussed above with respect to the share ownership tests) because the stock held by tax-exempt pension trusts was viewed as being held by the trusts rather than by their respective beneficiaries, tax-exempt pension trusts owning more than 10% by value of our stock may be required to treat a percentage of our dividends as UBTI. This rule applies if: (i) at least one tax-exempt pension trust owns more than 25% by value of our shares, or (ii) one or more tax-exempt pension trusts (each owning more than 10% by value of our shares) hold in the aggregate more than 50% by value of our shares. The percentage treated as UBTI is our gross income (less direct expenses) derived from an unrelated trade or business (determined as if we were a tax-exempt pension trust) divided by our gross income from all sources (less direct expenses). If this percentage is less than 5%, however, none of the dividends will be treated as UBTI. Because of the restrictions in our charter regarding the ownership concentration of our common stock, we believe that a tax-exempt pension trust should not become subject to these rules. However, because our common shares may be publicly traded, we can give no assurance of this.

Prospective tax-exempt purchasers should consult their own tax advisors and financial planners as to the applicability of these rules and consequences to their particular circumstances.

Backup Withholding and Information Reporting.   We will report to our U.S. Stockholders and the IRS the amount of dividends paid during each calendar year and the amount of any tax withheld. Under the backup withholding rules, a U.S. Stockholder may be subject to backup withholding at the current rate of 28% with respect to dividends paid, unless the U.S. Stockholder (1) is a corporation or comes within other exempt categories and, when required, demonstrates this fact or (2) provides a taxpayer identification number or social security number, certifies under penalties of perjury that such number is correct and that such U.S. Stockholder is not subject to backup withholding and otherwise complies with applicable requirements of the backup withholding rules. A U.S. Stockholder that does not provide his or her correct taxpayer identification number or social security number may also be subject to penalties imposed by the IRS. In addition, we may be required to withhold a portion of capital gain distribution to any U.S. Stockholder who fails to certify its non-foreign status.

Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules may be allowed as a refund or a credit against such U.S. Stockholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the required information is furnished to the IRS.

For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2012, a U.S. withholding tax at a 30% rate will be imposed on dividends and proceeds of sale in respect of our stock received by U.S. Stockholders who own

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their stock through foreign accounts or foreign intermediaries if certain disclosure requirements related to U.S. accounts or ownership are not satisfied. We will not pay any additional amounts in respect to any amounts withheld.

Taxation of Non-U.S. Stockholders.

General.   The rules governing the U.S. federal income taxation of “Non-U.S. Stockholders” are complex, and as such, only a summary of such rules is provided in this prospectus. Non-U.S. investors should consult with their own tax advisors and financial planners to determine the impact that U.S. federal, state and local income tax or similar laws will have on such investors as a result of an investment in our REIT. A “Non-U.S. Stockholder” means a person (other than a partnership or entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) that is not a U.S. Stockholder.

Distributions — In General.   Distributions paid by us that are not attributable to gain from our sales or exchanges of U.S. real property interests and not designated by us as capital gain dividends will be treated as dividends of ordinary income to the extent that they are made out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits. Such dividends to Non-U.S. Stockholders ordinarily will be subject to a withholding tax equal to 30% of the gross amount of the dividend unless an applicable tax treaty reduces or eliminates that tax. Under some treaties, however, lower rates generally applicable to dividends do not apply to dividends from REITs. If income from the investment in the common shares is treated as effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Stockholder’s conduct of a U.S. trade or business, the Non-U.S. Stockholder generally will be subject to a tax at the graduated rates applicable to ordinary income, in the same manner as U.S. stockholders are taxed with respect to such dividends (and also may be subject to the 30% branch profits tax in the case of a stockholder that is a foreign corporation that is not entitled to any treaty exemption). In general, Non-U.S. Stockholders will not be considered to be engaged in a U.S. trade or business solely as a result of their ownership of our stock. Dividends in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits will not be taxable to a stockholder to the extent they do not exceed the adjusted basis of the stockholder’s shares. Instead, they will reduce the adjusted basis of such shares. To the extent that such dividends exceed the adjusted basis of a Non-U.S. Stockholder’s shares, they will give rise to tax liability if the Non-U.S. Stockholder would otherwise be subject to tax on any gain from the sale or disposition of his shares, as described in the “Sale of Shares” portion of this Section below.

Distributions Attributable to Sale or Exchange of Real Property.   Distributions that are attributable to gain from our sales or exchanges of U.S. real property interests will be taxed to a Non-U.S. Stockholder as if such gain were effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business. Non-U.S. Stockholders would thus be taxed at the normal capital gain rates applicable to U.S. Stockholders, and would be subject to applicable alternative minimum tax and a special alternative minimum tax in the case of nonresident alien individuals. Also, such distributions may be subject to a 30% branch profits tax in the hands of a corporate Non-U.S. Stockholder not entitled to any treaty exemption. However, generally such a distribution from a REIT is not treated as effectively connected income for a Non-U.S. Stockholder if: (i) the distribution is received with respect to a class of stock that is regularly traded on an established securities market located in the U.S.; and (ii) the Non-U.S. Stockholder does not own more than 5% of the class of stock at any time during the one-year period ending on the date of the distribution. Distributions that qualify for this exception are subject to withholding tax in the manner described above as dividends of ordinary income. We anticipate that our shares will be “regularly traded” on an established securities market, although, no assurance can be given that this will be the case.

U.S. Federal Income Tax Withholding on Distributions.   For U.S. federal income tax withholding purposes, we generally will withhold tax at the rate of 30% on the amount of any distribution (other than distributions designated as capital gain dividends) made to a Non-U.S. Stockholder, unless the Non-U.S. Stockholder provides us with appropriate documentation (i) evidencing that such Non-U.S. Stockholder is eligible for an exemption or reduced rate under an applicable income tax treaty, generally an IRS Form W-8BEN (in which case we will withhold at the lower treaty rate), or (ii) claiming that the dividend is effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Stockholder’s conduct of a trade or business within the U.S., generally an IRS Form W-8ECI (in which case we will not withhold tax). We are also generally required to withhold tax at the rate of 35% on the portion of any dividend to a Non-U.S. Stockholder that is or could be designated by us as a capital gain dividend, to the extent attributable to gain on a sale or exchange of an

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interest in U.S. real property. Such withheld amounts of tax do not represent actual tax liabilities, but rather, represent payments in respect of those tax liabilities described above. Therefore, such withheld amounts are creditable by the Non-U.S. Stockholder against its actual U.S. federal income tax liabilities, including those described above. The Non-U.S. Stockholder would be entitled to a refund of any amounts withheld in excess of such Non-U.S. Stockholder’s actual U.S. federal income tax liabilities, provided that the Non-U.S. Stockholder files applicable returns or refund claims with the IRS.

Sales of Shares.   Gain recognized by a Non-U.S. Stockholder upon a sale of shares generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income taxation, provided that : (i) such gain is not effectively connected with the conduct by such Non-U.S. Stockholder of a trade or business within the U.S.; (ii) the Non-U.S. Stockholder is an individual and is not present in the U.S. for 183 days or more during the taxable year and certain other conditions apply; and (iii) (A) our REIT is “domestically controlled,” which generally means that less than 50% in value of our shares continues to be held directly or indirectly by foreign persons during a continuous five-year period ending on the date of disposition or, if shorter, during the entire period of our existence, or (B) our common shares are “regularly traded” on an established securities market and the selling Non-U.S. Stockholder has not held more than 5% of our outstanding common shares at any time during the five-year period ending on the date of the sale.

We cannot assure you that we will qualify as “domestically controlled.” If we were not domestically controlled, a Non-U.S. Stockholder’s sale of common shares would be subject to tax, unless the common shares were regularly traded on an established securities market and the selling Non-U.S. Stockholder has not directly, or indirectly, owned during the five-year period ending on the date of sale more than 5% in value of our common shares. We anticipate that our common shares will be “regularly traded” on an established market, although, no assurance can be given that this will be the case. If the gain on the sale of shares were to be subject to taxation, the Non-U.S. Stockholder would be subject to the same treatment as U.S. stockholders with respect to such gain, and the purchaser of such common shares may be required to withhold 10% of the gross purchase price.

If the proceeds of a disposition of common stock are paid by or through a U.S. office of a broker-dealer, the payment is generally subject to information reporting and to backup withholding unless the disposing Non-U.S. Stockholder certifies as to its name, address and non-U.S. status or otherwise establishes an exemption. Generally, U.S. information reporting and backup withholding will not apply to a payment of disposition proceeds if the payment is made outside the U.S. through a foreign office of a foreign broker-dealer. Under Treasury Regulations, if the proceeds from a disposition of common stock paid to or through a foreign office of a U.S. broker-dealer or a non-U.S. office of a foreign broker-dealer that is (i) a “controlled foreign corporation” for U.S. federal income tax purposes, (ii) a person 50% or more of whose gross income from all sources for a three-year period was effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business, (iii) a foreign partnership with one or more partners who are U.S. persons and who, in the aggregate, hold more than 50% of the income or capital interest in the partnership, or (iv) a foreign partnership engaged in the conduct of a trade or business in the U.S., then (A) backup withholding will not apply unless the broker-dealer has actual knowledge that the owner is not a Non-U.S. Stockholder, and (B) information reporting will not apply if the Non-U.S. Stockholder certifies its non-U.S. status and further certifies that it has not been, and at the time the certificate is furnished reasonably expects not to be, present in the U.S. for a period aggregating 183 days or more during each calendar year to which the certification pertains. Prospective foreign purchasers should consult their tax advisors and financial planners concerning these rules.

Legislation that was signed into law by President Obama on March 18, 2010, generally imposes, effective for payments made after December 31, 2012, a withholding tax of 30% on dividends from, and the gross proceeds of a disposition of, our stock paid to certain foreign entities unless various information reporting requirements are satisfied. Such withholding tax will generally apply to non-U.S. financial institutions, which is generally defined for this purpose as any non-U.S. entity that (i) accepts deposits in the ordinary course of a banking or similar business, (ii) is engaged in the business of holding financial assets for the account of others, or (iii) is engaged or holds itself out as being engaged primarily in the business of investing, reinvesting, or trading in securities, partnership interests, commodities, or any interest in such assets. Non-U.S.

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Stockholders are encouraged to consult their tax advisors regarding the implications of this legislation on their investment in our common stock, as well as any the status of any legislative proposals that may pertain to a purchase of our common stock.

Other Tax Considerations

State, Local and Foreign Taxes.   We and you may be subject to state, local or foreign taxation in various jurisdictions, including those in which we transact business or you reside. Our and your state, local and foreign tax treatment may not conform to the U.S. federal income tax consequences discussed above. Any foreign taxes incurred by us would not pass through to stockholders as a credit against their U.S. federal income tax liability. You should consult your own tax advisors and financial planners regarding the effect of state, local and foreign tax laws on an investment in the common shares.

Legislative Proposals.   You should recognize that our and your present U.S. federal income tax treatment may be modified by legislative, judicial or administrative actions at any time, which may be retroactive in effect. The rules dealing with U.S. federal income taxation are constantly under review by Congress, the IRS and the Treasury Department, and statutory changes as well as promulgation of new regulations, revisions to existing statutes, and revised interpretations of established concepts occur frequently. We are not currently aware of any pending legislation that would materially affect our or your taxation as described in this prospectus. You should, however, consult your advisors concerning the status of legislative proposals that may pertain to a purchase of our common shares.

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INVESTMENT BY TAX-EXEMPT ENTITIES AND ERISA CONSIDERATIONS

General

The following is a summary of certain additional considerations associated with an investment in our shares by tax-qualified pension, stock bonus or profit-sharing plans, employee benefit plans described in Section 3(3) and subject to Title I of ERISA, annuities described in Section 403(a) or (b) of the Code, an individual retirement account or annuity described in Sections 408 or 408A of the Code, an Archer MSA described in Section 220(d) of the Code, a health savings account described in Section 223(d) of the Code, or a Coverdell education savings account described in Section 530 of the Code, which are referred to in this section as Plans and IRAs, as applicable. This summary is based on provisions of ERISA and the Code, including amendments thereto through the date of this prospectus, and relevant regulations and opinions issued by the Department of Labor and the IRS through the date of this prospectus and is designed only to provide a general conceptual understanding of certain basic issues relevant to a Plan or IRA investor. We cannot assure you that adverse tax decisions or legislative, regulatory or administrative changes that would significantly modify the statements expressed herein will not occur. Any such changes may or may not apply to transactions entered into prior to the date of their enactment.

Our management has attempted to structure us in such a manner that we will be an attractive investment vehicle for Plans and IRAs. However, in considering an investment in our shares, those involved with making such an investment decision should consider applicable provisions of the Code and ERISA. While each of the ERISA and Internal Revenue Code issues discussed below may not apply to all Plans and IRAs, individuals involved with making investment decisions with respect to Plans and IRAs should carefully review the rules and exceptions described below, and determine their applicability to their situation. This discussion should not be considered legal advice and prospective investors are required to consult their own legal advisors on these matters.

In general, individuals making investment decisions with respect to Plans and IRAs should, at a minimum, consider:

whether the investment is in accordance with the documents and instruments governing such Plan or IRA;
whether the investment satisfies the prudence and diversification and other fiduciary requirements of ERISA, if applicable;
whether the investment will result in UBTI to the Plan or IRA (see the section entitled “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations — Federal Income Taxation of Stockholders — Taxation of Tax-Exempt Stockholders” included elsewhere in this prospectus);
whether there is sufficient liquidity for the Plan or IRA, considering the minimum and other distribution requirements under the Code and the liquidity needs of such Plan or IRA, after taking this investment into account;
the need to value the assets of the Plan or IRA annually or more frequently; and
whether the investment would constitute or give rise to a non-exempt prohibited transaction under ERISA or the Code, if applicable.

Additionally, individuals making investment decisions with respect to Plans and IRAs must remember that ERISA requires that the assets of an employee benefit plan must generally be held in trust.

Minimum and Other Distribution Requirements — Plan Liquidity

Potential Plan or IRA investors who intend to purchase our shares should consider the limited liquidity of an investment in our shares as it relates to the minimum distribution requirements under the Code, if applicable, and as it relates to other distributions (such as, for example, cash out distributions) that may be required under the terms of the Plan or IRA from time to time. If the shares are held in an IRA or Plan and, before we sell our properties, mandatory or other distributions are required to be made to the participant or beneficiary of such IRA or Plan, pursuant to the Code, then this could require that a distribution of the shares be made in kind to such participant or beneficiary or that a rollover of such shares be made to an IRA or

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other plan, which may not be permissible under the terms and provisions of the IRA or Plan. Even if permissible, a distribution of shares in kind to a participant or beneficiary of an IRA or Plan must be included in the taxable income of the recipient for the year in which the shares are received at the then current fair market value of the shares, even though there would be no corresponding cash distribution with which to pay the income tax liability arising because of the distribution of shares. See the section entitled “Risk Factors —  United States Federal Income Tax Risks” included elsewhere in this prospectus. The fair market value of any such distribution-in-kind can be only an estimated value per share because no public market for our shares currently exists or may ever develop. See the section entitled “— Annual or More Frequent Valuation Requirement” included elsewhere in this prospectus. Further, there can be no assurance that such estimated value could actually be realized by a stockholder because estimates do not necessarily indicate the price at which our shares could be sold. Also, for distributions subject to mandatory income tax withholding under Section 3405 or other tax withholding provisions of the Code, the trustee of a Plan may have an obligation, even in situations involving in-kind distributions of shares, to liquidate a portion of the in-kind shares distributed in order to satisfy such withholding obligations, although there might be no market for such shares. There also may be similar state and/or local tax withholding or other tax obligations that should be considered.

Annual or More Frequent Valuation Requirement

Fiduciaries of Plans may be required to determine the fair market value of the assets of such Plans on at least an annual basis and, sometimes, as frequently as quarterly. If the fair market value of any particular asset is not readily available, the fiduciary is required to make a good faith determination of that asset’s value. Also, a trustee or custodian of an IRA must provide an IRA participant and the IRS with a statement of the value of the IRA each year. However, currently, neither the IRS nor the Department of Labor has promulgated regulations definitively specifying how “fair market value” should be determined in all circumstances.

Unless and until our shares are listed on a national securities exchange, it is not expected that a public market for our shares will develop. To assist fiduciaries of Plans subject to the annual reporting requirements of ERISA and IRA trustees or custodians to prepare reports relating to an investment in our shares, we intend to provide reports of our quarterly and annual determinations of the current estimated share value to those fiduciaries (including IRA trustees and custodians) who identify themselves to us and request the reports until we obtain a listing for our shares.

We anticipate that we will provide annual reports of our determination of value (1) to IRA trustees and custodians not later than January 15 of each year, and (2) to other Plan fiduciaries within 75 days after the end of each calendar year. Each determination may be based upon valuation information available as of October 31 of the preceding year, updated, however, for any material changes occurring between October 31 and December 31.

There can be no assurance, however, with respect to any estimate of value that we prepare, that:

the estimated value per share would actually be realized by our stockholders upon liquidation, because these estimates do not necessarily indicate the price at which properties can be sold;
our stockholders would be able to realize estimated net asset values if they were to attempt to sell their shares, because no public market for our shares exists or is likely to develop; or
that the value, or method used to establish value, would comply with ERISA or Internal Revenue Code requirements described above.

Fiduciary Obligations — Prohibited Transactions

Any person identified as a “fiduciary” with respect to a Plan has duties and obligations under ERISA as discussed herein. For purposes of ERISA, any person who exercises any authority or control with respect to the management or disposition of the assets of a Plan is considered to be a fiduciary of such Plan. Further, many transactions between a Plan or an IRA and a “party-in-interest” or a “disqualified person” with respect to such Plan or IRA are prohibited by ERISA and/or the Code. ERISA also requires generally that the assets of Plans be held in trust.

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If our properties and other assets were deemed to be assets of a Plan or IRA, referred to herein as “plan assets,” our directors would, and employees of our affiliates might be deemed fiduciaries of any Plans or IRAs investing as stockholders. If this were to occur, certain contemplated transactions between us and our directors and employees of our affiliates could be deemed to be “prohibited transactions.” Additionally, ERISA’s fiduciary standards applicable to investments by Plans would extend to our directors and possibly employees of our affiliates as Plan fiduciaries with respect to investments made by us.

Plan Assets — Definition

Prior to the passage of the Pension Protection Act of 2006, or the PPA, neither ERISA nor the Code contained a definition of “plan assets.” After the passage of the PPA, new Section 3(42) of ERISA now defines “plan assets” in accordance with Department of Labor regulations with certain express exceptions. A Department of Labor regulation, referred to in this discussion as the Plan Asset Regulation, as modified or deemed to be modified by the express exceptions noted in the PPA, provides guidelines as to whether, and under what circumstances, the underlying assets of an entity will be deemed to constitute “plan assets.” Under the Plan Asset Regulation, the assets of an entity in which a Plan or IRA makes an equity investment generally will be deemed to be assets of such Plan or IRA unless the entity satisfies one of the exceptions to this general rule. Generally, the exceptions require that the investment in the entity be one of the following:

in securities issued by an investment company registered under the Investment Company Act;
in “publicly offered securities,” defined generally as interests that are “freely transferable,” “widely held” and registered with the SEC;
in an “operating company,” which includes “venture capital operating companies” and “real estate operating companies”; or
in which equity participation by “benefit plan investors” is not significant.

Plan Assets — Registered Investment Company Exception

The shares we are offering will not be issued by a registered investment company. Therefore we do not anticipate that we will qualify for the exception for investments issued by a registered investment company.

Publicly Offered Securities Exemption

As noted above, if a Plan acquires “publicly offered securities,” the assets of the issuer of the securities will not be deemed to be “plan assets” under the Plan Asset Regulation. The definition of publicly offered securities requires that such securities be “widely held,” “freely transferable” and satisfy registration requirements under federal securities laws.

Under the Plan Asset Regulation, a class of securities will meet the registration requirements under federal securities laws if they are (i) part of a class of securities registered under section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act, or (ii) part of an offering of securities to the public pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act and the class of securities of which such security is a part is registered under the Exchange Act within 120 days (or such later time as may be allowed by the SEC) after the end of the fiscal year of the issuer during which the offering of such securities to the public occurred. We anticipate that we will meet the registration requirements under the Plan Asset Regulation. Also under the Plan Asset Regulation, a class of securities will be “widely held” if it is held by 100 or more persons independent of the issuer. We anticipate that this requirement will be easily met.

Although our shares are intended to satisfy the registration requirements under this definition, and we expect that our securities will be “widely-held,” the “freely transferable” requirement must also be satisfied in order for us to qualify for the “publicly offered securities” exception.

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The Plan Asset Regulation provides that “whether a security is ‘freely transferable’ is a factual question to be determined on the basis of all relevant facts and circumstances.” Our shares are subject to certain restrictions on transferability typically found in REITs, and are intended to ensure that we continue to qualify for U.S. federal income tax treatment as a REIT. The Plan Asset Regulation provides, however, that where the minimum investment in a public offering of securities is $10,000 or less, the presence of a restriction on transferability intended to prohibit transfers that would result in a termination or reclassification of the entity for U.S. federal or state tax purposes will not ordinarily affect a determination that such securities are “freely transferable.” The minimum investment in our shares is less than $10,000. Thus, the restrictions imposed in order to maintain our status as a REIT should not prevent the shares from being deemed “freely transferable.” Therefore, we anticipate that we will meet the “publicly offered securities” exception, although there are no assurances that we will qualify for this exception.

Plan Assets — Operating Company Exception

If we are deemed not to qualify for the “publicly offered securities” exemption, the Plan Asset Regulation also provides an exception with respect to securities issued by an “operating company,” which includes “venture capital operating companies” and “real estate operating companies.” To constitute a venture capital operating company, 50% of more of the assets of the entity must be invested in “venture capital investments.” A venture capital investment is an investment in an operating company (other than a venture capital operating company but including a real estate operating company) as to which the entity has or obtains direct management rights. To constitute a real estate operating company, 50% or more of the assets of an entity must be invested in real estate which is managed or developed and with respect to which such entity has the right to substantially participate directly in the management or development activities.

While the Plan Asset Regulation and relevant opinions issued by the Department of Labor regarding real estate operating companies are not entirely clear as to whether an investment in real estate must be “direct,” it is common practice to insure that an investment is made either (i) “directly” into real estate, (ii) through wholly-owned subsidiaries, or (iii) through entities in which all but a de minimis interest is separately held by an affiliate solely to comply with the minimum safe harbor requirements established by the IRS for classification as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. We have structured ourselves in a manner in that should enable us to meet the venture capital operating company exception and our operating partnership to meet the real estate operating company exception.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, 50% of our operating partnership’s investments must be in real estate over which it maintains the right to substantially participate in the management and development activities. An example in the Plan Asset Regulation indicates that if 50% or more of an entity’s properties are subject to long-term leases under which substantially all management and maintenance activities with respect to the properties are the responsibility of the lessee, such that the entity merely assumes the risk of ownership of income-producing real property, then the entity may not be eligible for the “real estate operating company” exception. By contrast, a second example in the Plan Asset Regulation indicates that if 50% or more of an entity’s investments are in shopping centers in which individual stores are leased for relatively short periods to various merchants, as opposed to long-term leases where substantially all management and maintenance activities are the responsibility of the lessee, then the entity likely will qualify as a real estate operating company. The second example further provides that the entity may retain contractors, including affiliates, to conduct the management of the properties so long as the entity has the responsibility to supervise and the authority to terminate the contractors. We intend to use contractors over which we have the right to supervise and the authority to terminate. Due to the uncertainty of the application of the standards set forth in the Plan Asset Regulation, there can be no assurance as to our ability to structure our operations, or the operations of our operating partnership, as the case may be, to qualify for the “venture capital operating company” and “real estate operating company” exceptions.

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Plan Assets — Not Significant Investment Exception

The Plan Asset Regulation provides that equity participation in an entity by benefit plan investors is “significant” if at any time 25% or more of the value of any class of equity interests is held by benefit plan investors. As modified by the PPA, a “benefit plan investor” is now defined to mean an employee benefit plan subject to Part 4 of Subtitle B of Title I of ERISA, any plan to which Section 4975 of the Code applies and any entity whose underlying assets include plan assets by reason of a plan’s investment in such entity. If we determine that we fail to meet the “publicly offered securities” exception, as a result of a failure to sell an adequate number of shares or otherwise, and we cannot ultimately establish that we are an operating company, we intend to restrict ownership of each class of equity interests held by benefit plan investors to an aggregate value of less than 25% and thus qualify for the exception for investments in which equity participation by benefit plan investors is not significant.

Consequences of Holding Plan Assets

If our underlying assets were treated by the Department of Labor as “plan assets,” our management would be treated as fiduciaries with respect to each Plan or IRA stockholder, and an investment in our shares might expose the fiduciaries of the Plan or IRA to co-fiduciary liability under ERISA for any breach by our management of the fiduciary duties mandated under ERISA. Further, if our assets are deemed to be “plan assets,” an investment by a Plan or IRA in our shares might be deemed to result in an impermissible commingling of “plan assets” with other property.

If our management or affiliates were treated as fiduciaries with respect to Plan or IRA stockholders, the prohibited transaction restrictions of ERISA and/or the Code would apply to any transaction involving our assets. These restrictions could, for example, require that we avoid transactions with entities that are affiliated with our affiliates or us or restructure our activities in order to obtain an administrative exemption from the prohibited transaction restrictions. Alternatively, we might have to provide Plan or IRA stockholders with the opportunity to sell their shares to us or we might dissolve or terminate.

Prohibited Transactions

Generally, both ERISA and the Code prohibit Plans and IRAs from engaging in certain transactions involving “plan assets” with specified parties, such as sales or exchanges or leasing of property, loans or other extensions of credit, furnishing goods or services, or transfers to, or use of, “plan assets.” The specified parties are referred to as “parties-in-interest” under ERISA and as “disqualified persons” under the Code. These definitions generally include “persons providing services” to the Plan or IRA, as well as employer sponsors of the Plan or IRA, fiduciaries and certain other individuals or entities affiliated with the foregoing.

A person generally is a fiduciary with respect to a Plan or IRA for these purposes if, among other things, the person has discretionary authority or control with respect to “plan assets” or provides investment advice for a fee with respect to “plan assets.” Under Department of Labor regulations, a person will be deemed to be providing investment advice if that person renders advice as to the advisability of investing in our shares, and that person regularly provides investment advice to the Plan or IRA pursuant to a mutual agreement or understanding that such advice will serve as the primary basis for investment decisions, and that the advice will be individualized for the Plan or IRA based on its particular needs. Thus, if we are deemed to hold “plan assets,” our management could be characterized as fiduciaries with respect to such assets, and each would be deemed to be a party-in-interest under ERISA and a disqualified person under the Code with respect to investing Plans and IRAs. Whether or not we are deemed to hold “plan assets,” if we or our affiliates are affiliated with a Plan or IRA investor, we might be a disqualified person or party-in-interest with respect to such Plan or IRA investor, potentially resulting in a prohibited transaction merely upon investment by such Plan or IRA in our shares.

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Prohibited Transactions — Consequences

ERISA forbids Plans from engaging in non-exempt prohibited transactions. Fiduciaries of a Plan that allow a non-exempt prohibited transaction to occur will breach their fiduciary responsibilities under ERISA, and may be liable for any damage sustained by the Plan, as well as civil (and criminal, if the violation was willful) penalties. If it is determined by the Department of Labor or the IRS that a non-exempt prohibited transaction has occurred, any disqualified person or party-in-interest involved with the prohibited transaction would be required to reverse or unwind the transaction and, for a Plan, compensate the Plan for any loss resulting therefrom. Additionally, the Code requires that a disqualified person involved with a non-exempt prohibited transaction must pay an excise tax equal to a percentage of the “amount involved” in the transaction for each year in which the transaction remains uncorrected. The percentage is generally 15%, but is increased to 100% if the non-exempt prohibited transaction is not corrected promptly. For IRAs, if an IRA engages in a non-exempt prohibited transaction, the tax-exempt status of the IRA may be lost.

Reporting

Based on certain revisions to the Form 5500 Annual Return, or Form 5500, that generally became effective on January 1, 2009, benefit plan investors may be required to report certain compensation paid by us (or by third parties) to our service providers as “reportable indirect compensation” on Schedule C to Form 5500. To the extent any compensation arrangements described herein constitute reportable indirect compensation, any such descriptions (other than compensation for which there is no formula used to calculate or determine compensation or an actual amount stated) are intended to satisfy the disclosure requirements for the alternative reporting option for “eligible indirect compensation,” as defined for purposes of Schedule C to the Form 5500.

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UNDERWRITING

We are offering the shares of our common stock described in this prospectus through a number of underwriters. Wunderlich Securities, Inc. and Anderson & Strudwick, Incorporated are acting as the co-lead managing underwriters and representatives of the underwriters. Subject to the terms and conditions contained in the underwriting agreement dated as of the date of this prospectus, we have agreed to sell to the underwriters, and each of the underwriters set forth below has severally agreed to purchase from us, on a firm commitment basis, the number of shares of common stock listed next to its name in the following table:

 
Underwriters   Number of Shares
Wunderlich Securities, Inc.         
Anderson & Strudwick, Incorporated         
Boenning & Scattergood, Inc.         
Total     4,500,000 (1)  

(1) Includes up to 650,000 shares of our common stock to be offered to Williams Realty Fund I, LLC and up to 250,000 shares of our common stock which may be offered to WOF through our directed share program without payment of underwriting discounts and commissions by us.

The underwriters are obligated to take and pay for all the shares of our common stock offered (other than those covered by the over-allotment option described below) if any of the shares of common stock are taken. The underwriting agreement provides that the obligation of the underwriters to purchase the shares of common stock included in this offering are subject to approval of legal matters by counsel and to other considerations.

The underwriters will initially offer the shares of common stock to the public at the price specified on the cover page of this prospectus. The underwriters may allow to selected dealers a concession of not more than $     per share. The underwriters may also allow, and any dealers may reallow, a concession of not more than $     per share to selected other dealers. If all the shares are not sold at the public offering price, the underwriters may change the public offering price and the other selling terms. The shares of common stock are offered subject to a number of conditions, including:

receipt and acceptance of our shares of common stock by the underwriters; and
the underwriters’ right to reject orders in whole or in part.

We have granted the underwriters an option, exercisable in one or more installments for 30 days after the date of this prospectus, to purchase up to an additional 675,000 shares of common stock to cover over-allotments, if any, at the public offering price less the underwriting discounts and commissions set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. The underwriters may exercise the option solely for the purpose of covering over-allotments, if any, in connection with this offering. To the extent the option is exercised, each underwriter must purchase a number of additional shares approximately proportionate to that underwriter’s initial purchase commitment. Any shares of common stock issued or sold under the option will be issued and sold on the same terms and conditions as the other shares of common stock that are the subject of this offering.

The following table shows the amount per share and total underwriting discounts and commissions we will pay to the underwriters assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase up to an additional 675,000 shares of common stock to cover over-allotments.

   
  No Exercise   Full Exercise
Per share   $          $       
Total   $          $       

We estimate that the total expenses of this offering to be paid by us, not including the underwriting discounts and commission, will be approximately $       million (including the reimbursement to Wunderlich Securities, Inc. and Anderson & Strudwick, Incorporated for certain expenses in connection with this offering, which we estimate to be approximately $250,000 and is subject to an aggregate cap of $250,000).

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In addition, we entered into a letter agreement, amended and restated on February 18, 2011, with International Assets Advisory, LLC pursuant to which International Assets Advisory, LLC will receive: (1) an advisory fee of $125,000, and (2) the financial advisor warrant to purchase up to 150,000 shares of our common stock, which warrant will have an exercise price per share of 125% of the price per share of the common stock sold in the underwritten offering and will expire on the fourth anniversary of the effective date of the registration statement, of which this prospectus is a part, as compensation for conducting a search for a lead managing underwriter for the underwritten offering for us, which services included:

calling and interviewing firms to serve as lead managing underwriter,
participating in deal structuring,
conducting compensation analysis and financial analysis, and
conducting onsite meetings with potential leading managing underwriter firms, as well as meetings at our offices and the offices of International Assets Advisory, LLC.

Neither the warrant nor the underlying shares of common stock to be issued upon the exercise of the warrant will be registered. Pursuant to the letter agreement, International Assets Advisory, LLC, also will be reimbursed its expenses incurred in connection with the lead managing underwriter search services described above up to an aggregate cap of $65,000.

We, our operating partnership and our executive officers, directors, director nominees, NELL Partners and our manager have agreed with the underwriters, for a period of 180 days after the date of this prospectus, subject to certain exceptions, not to, directly or indirectly, offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase or otherwise transfer or dispose of any shares of our common stock or any other securities that are convertible or exchangeable for our common stock or file any registration statement with respect to any of the foregoing or enter into any swap or any other agreement or any transaction that transfers the economic ownership of the common stock without the prior written consent of the representatives. In addition, if (i) during the last 17 days of the 180-day restricted period, we issue an earnings release or material news or a material event relating to our company occurs, or (ii) prior to the expiration of the applicable restricted period, we announce that we will release earnings results during the 16-day period beginning on the last day of the restricted period, the restrictions described above shall continue to apply until the expiration of the 18-day period beginning on the issuance of the earnings release or the occurrence of the material news or material event. See the section “Shares Eligible for Future Sale” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

We and our operating partnership have agreed to indemnify the underwriters against various liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act.

We plan to list our shares of common stock on the AMEX under the symbol “APTS.” In order to meet the requirements for listing on the AMEX, the underwriters will undertake to sell shares of common stock to a minimum of 400 public round lot holders.

In connection with this offering, the underwriters may engage in activities that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of our shares of common stock, including:

stabilizing transactions;
short sales;
syndicate covering transactions;
imposition of penalty bids; and
purchases to cover positions created by short sales.

Stabilizing transactions consist of bids or purchases made for the purpose of preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of our shares of common stock while this offering is in progress. Stabilizing transactions may include making short sales of our shares of common stock, which involves the sale by the underwriters of a greater number of shares of common stock than they are required to purchase in this

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offering, and purchasing shares of common stock from us or in the open market to cover positions created by short sales. Short sales may be “covered” shorts, which are short positions in an amount not greater than the underwriters’ over-allotment option referred to above, or may be “naked” shorts, which are short positions in excess of that amount.

The underwriters may close out any covered short position either by exercising their over-allotment option, in whole or in part, or by purchasing shares in the open market. In making this determination, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of shares available for purchase in the open market compared to the price at which the underwriters may purchase shares pursuant to the over-allotment option.

A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of the shares of common stock in the open market that could adversely affect investors who purchased in this offering. To the extent that the underwriters create a naked short position, the underwriters will purchase shares in the open market to cover the position.

The underwriters also may impose a penalty bid on selling group members. This means that if the underwriters purchase shares in the open market in stabilizing transactions or to cover short sales, the underwriters can require the selling group members that sold those shares as part of this offering to repay the selling concession received by them.

As a result of these activities, the price of shares of common stock may be higher than the price that otherwise might exist in the open market. If the underwriters commence these activities, they may discontinue them at any time. The underwriters may carry out these transactions on the AMEX, in the over-the-counter market or otherwise.

The representatives have advised us that the underwriters do not confirm sales to accounts over which they exercise discretionary authority.

Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for the shares of our common stock. The public offering price will be determined by negotiations among us and the underwriters. The primary factors to be considered in determining the initial public offering price include:

the economic conditions in and future prospects for the industry in which we compete;
our prospects for future earnings;
an assessment of our management;
the present state of our development, including the contracts to acquire Oxford Rise and Oxford Summit;
the prevailing conditions of the equity securities markets at the time of the underwritten offering; and
current market valuations of public companies considered comparable to our company.

We cannot assure you, however, that the price at which the shares of common stock will sell in the public market after the underwritten offering will not be lower than the public offering price, or that an active trading market in our shares of common stock will develop and continue after the underwritten offering.

At our request, the underwriters have reserved approximately 2% of the shares of common stock being offered by this prospectus for sale to our directors, officers or employees and related persons, including affiliates of our sponsor, John A. Williams, at the public offering price. The sales will be made by the representatives through a directed share program. We do not know if these persons will choose to purchase all or any portion of these reserved shares, but any purchases they do make will reduce the number of shares available to the general public. These persons must commit to purchase no later than the close of business on the day following the date of this prospectus. Any directed shares not purchased will be offered by the underwriters to the general public on the same basis as all other common shares offered. In addition, up to 650,000 shares of our common stock are being offered to Williams Realty Fund I, LLC and up to 250,000 shares of our common stock may be offered to WOF, each of which is an affiliate of our sponsor, through our directed share program without payment of underwriting discounts and commissions by us. If all of the shares

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of common stock reserved for sale under our directed share program are sold and Williams Realty Fund I, LLC purchases all of the shares of common stock offered to it under the directed share program and WOF purchases all of the shares of common stock that may be offered to it under our directed share program, we will sell through our directed share program an aggregate of 19.66% of the shares of common stock that will be outstanding after giving effect to the private placement offering and the underwritten offering. Any directors, officers, employees or other persons purchasing shares of our common stock through our directed share program will be prohibited from disposing of or hedging such shares for a period of at least 180 days after the date of this prospectus.

The underwriters or their affiliates may provide us with certain commercial banking, financial advisory and investment banking services in the future, for which they would receive customary compensation.

A prospectus in electronic format may be available on the web sites or through other online services maintained by the underwriters and selling group members participating in this offering, or by their affiliates. In those cases, prospective investors may view offering terms online and, depending upon the underwriter or the selling group member, prospective investors may be allowed to place orders online. The underwriters may agree with us to allocate a specific number of shares for sale to online brokerage account holders. Any such allocation for online distributions will be made by the underwriters on the same basis as other allocations.

Other than the prospectus in electronic format, the information on the underwriters’ or any selling group member’s web site and any information contained in any other web site maintained by the underwriters or any selling group member is not part of the prospectus or the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, has not been approved or endorsed by us or the underwriters or any selling group member in its capacity as underwriter or selling group member and should not be relied upon by investors.

Financial Advisor Warrant

We have agreed to issue to International Assets Advisory, LLC the financial advisor warrant to purchase up to 150,000 shares of our common stock. If International Assets Advisory, LLC exercises this warrant, the purchase price for each share is expected to be $12.50 per share (125% of the assumed price per share of the common stock sold in the underwritten offering), commencing on         , 2011, 180 days after the effective date of the registration statement, of which this prospectus is a part, and expiring on the fourth anniversary of the effective date of the registration statement, of which this prospectus is a part. Neither the warrant nor the underlying shares of common stock to be issued upon the exercise of the warrant will be registered. The warrant and the 150,000 shares of common stock underlying the warrant have been deemed compensation by the FINRA and are therefore subject to a 180-day lock-up pursuant to Rule 5110(g)(1) of the FINRA. International Assets Advisory, LLC (or permitted assignees under the Rule) will not sell, transfer, assign, pledge, or hypothecate this warrant or the securities underlying this option, nor will it engage in any hedging, short sale, derivative, put, or call transaction that would result in the effective economic disposition of this warrant or the underlying securities for a period of 180 days from the effective date of the registration statement, of which this prospectus is a part.

Under certain circumstances, the warrant also may be exercised on a “cashless” basis, which allows our financial advisor to elect to pay the exercise price by surrendering the warrant for that number of shares of our common stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of shares of our common stock underlying the warrants, multiplied by the difference between the exercise price of the warrants and the “fair market value” (defined below) of the common stock by (y) the fair market value of the common stock. The “fair market value” shall mean the average reported last sale price of our common stock for the five trading days immediately preceding the date as of which the fair market value is being determined.

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LEGAL MATTERS

Venable LLP, Baltimore, Maryland, will pass upon the legality of the common stock. Proskauer Rose LLP, New York, New York, will pass upon the legal matters in connection with our status as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Proskauer Rose LLP will rely on the opinion of Venable LLP as to all matters of Maryland law. Proskauer Rose LLP does not purport to represent our stockholders or potential investors, who should consult their own counsel. Hirschler Fleischer, a Professional Corporation, is acting as counsel to the underwriters in connection with certain legal matters relating to the common stock being offered in the underwritten offering by this prospectus.

EXPERTS

The consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2010 and the consolidated statements of operations, of cash flows and of shareholders’ equity for the year ended December 31, 2010 of the Company, and the combined statement of revenues and certain expenses for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 of the Acquired Properties, included in this prospectus have been so included in reliance on the reports of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing.

ELECTRONIC DELIVERY OF DOCUMENTS

Subject to availability, you may authorize us to provide prospectuses, prospectus supplements, annual reports and other information (referred to herein as “documents”) electronically by so indicating on the subscription agreement, or by sending us instructions in writing in a form acceptable to us to receive such documents electronically. Unless you elect in writing to receive documents electronically, all documents will be provided in paper form by mail. You must have internet access to use electronic delivery. While we impose no additional charge for this service, there may be potential costs associated with electronic delivery, such as on-line charges. Documents will be available on our Internet web site. You may access and print all documents provided through this service. As documents become available, we will notify you of this by sending you an e-mail message that will include instructions on how to retrieve the document. If our e-mail notification is returned to us as “undeliverable,” we will contact you to obtain your updated e-mail address. If we are unable to obtain a valid e-mail address for you, we will resume sending a paper copy by regular U.S. mail to your address of record. You may revoke your consent for electronic delivery at any time and we will resume sending you a paper copy of all required documents. However, in order for us to be properly notified, your revocation must be given to us a reasonable time before electronic delivery has commenced. We will provide you with paper copies at any time upon request. Such request will not constitute revocation of your consent to receive required documents electronically.

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WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

We have filed a registration statement on Form S-11 with the SEC in connection with this offering. We will be required to file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC.

You may request and obtain a copy of these filings, at no cost to you, by writing or telephoning us at the following address:

3625 Cumberland Boulevard, Suite 400
Atlanta, Georgia 30339
(770) 818-4100
Attn: Leonard A. Silverstein

One of our affiliates maintains an Internet site at www.pacapts.com , at which there is additional information about us. The contents of the site are not incorporated by reference in, or otherwise a part of, this prospectus.

This prospectus is part of the registration statement and does not contain all the information included in the registration statement and all of its exhibits, certificates and schedules. Whenever a reference is made in this prospectus to any contract or other document of ours, the reference may not be complete and you should refer to the exhibits that are a part of the registration statement for a copy of the contract or document.

You may read and copy our registration statement and all of its exhibits and schedules which we have filed with the SEC, any of which may be inspected and copied at the Public Reference Room at 100 F. Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. This material, as well as copies of all other documents filed with the SEC, may be obtained from the Public Reference Section of the SEC, 100 F. Street, N.E., Washington D.C. 20549 upon payment of the fee prescribed by the SEC. The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 or e-mail at publicinfo@sec.gov . The SEC maintains a web site that contains reports, proxies, information statements and other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the SEC, including us. The address of this website is http://www.sec.gov .

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
(A Development Stage Company)

Contents

 
Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. Financial Statements:
 
Audited Financial Statements:
        
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm     F-2  
Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2010     F-3  
Consolidated Statement of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2010     F-4  
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the year ended December 31, 2010     F-5  
Consolidated Statement of Deficit for the year ended December 31, 2010     F-6  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements     F-7  
Unaudited Pro Forma Information:
 
Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Financial Statements     F-13  
Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Balance Sheet     F-14  
Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Statements of Operations     F-15  
Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Financial Statements     F-16  
Acquired Properties Financial Statement:
        
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm     F-21  
Combined Statements of Revenue and Certain Operating Expenses     F-22  
Notes to Combined Statements of Revenue and Certain Operating Expenses     F-23  

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Stockholder of Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.,

In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheet and the related consolidated statements of operations, of shareholders' equity (deficit) and of cash flows present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. and subsidiaries (a development stage corporation) (the “Company”) at December 31, 2010 and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2010 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit. We conducted our audit of these statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

Atlanta, Georgia
March 3, 2011

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Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
(A Development Stage Company)

Consolidated Balance Sheet
December 31, 2010

 
ASSETS
     
Cash   $ 22,275  
Deposits and other assets     187,300  
Deferred offering costs     620,237  
Total assets   $ 829,812  
LIABILITIES and DEFICIT
     
Liabilities:
     
Note payable, to related party   $ 465,050  
Revolving line of credit, to related party     200,000  
Non-revolving line of credit, to related party     805,898  
Accrued interest     15,064  
Total liabilities     1,486,012  
Deficit:
     
Stockholder's deficit:
     
Class A Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share; 400,033,333 shares authorized; 3,333 shares issued and outstanding     33  
Class B Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share; 33,333 shares authorized; 33,333 shares issued and outstanding     333  
Additional paid-in capital     109,632  
Accumulated deficit     (766,199 )  
Total stockholder's deficit     (656,201 )  
Noncontrolling interest     1  
Total deficit     (656,200 )  
Total liabilities and deficit   $ 829,812  

 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of this financial statement.

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Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
(A Development Stage Company)

Consolidated Statement of Operations
For the Year Ended December 31, 2010

 
Expenses:
     
Bank charges   $ (228 )  
Interest     (15,064 )  
Licenses, fees and taxes     (2,462 )  
Acquisition costs on properties     (388,266 )  
Organization costs     (360,179 )  
Total expenses     (766,199 )  
Net loss   $ (766,199 )  
Net loss per share
     
Basic   $ (20.90 )  
Diluted   $ (20.90 )  
Weighted average number of shares outstanding
     
Basic     36,666  
Diluted     36,666  

 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of this financial statement.

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Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
(A Development Stage Company)

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
For the Year Ended December 31, 2010

 
Operating activities
     
Net Loss   $ (766,199 )  
Reconciliation of net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
     
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
     
Increase in deposits and other assets     (187,300 )  
Increase in accrued interest     15,064  
Net cash used in operating activities     (938,435 )  
Financing activities
     
Increase in deferred offering costs     (620,237 )  
Proceeds from sale of common stock     109,998  
Proceeds from noncontrolling interest     1  
Proceeds from revolving line of credit     200,000  
Proceeds from non-revolving line of credit     805,898  
Proceeds from note payable     465,050  
Net cash provided by financing activities     960,710  
Net increase in cash     22,275  
Cash at beginning of period      
Cash at end of period   $ 22,275  
Supplemental cash flow information:
     
Cash paid for interest   $  

 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of this financial statement.

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Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
(A Development Stage Company)

Consolidated Statement of Deficit
For the Year Ended December 31, 2010

             
             
  Class A
Common
Stock
  Class B
Common
Stock
  Additional
Paid In
Capital
  Accumulated
Deficit
  Total
Stockholder’s
Deficit
  Noncontrolling
Interest
  Total
Deficit
Balance at January 1, 2010   $     $     $     $     $     $     $  
Issuance of Class A Common Stock     33             9,966             9,999             9,999  
Issuance of Class B Common Stock           333       99,666             99,999             99,999  
Issuance of partnership interest in Operating Partnership to noncontrolling interest                                   1       1  
Net loss                       (766,199 )       (766,199 )             (766,199)  
Balance at December 31, 2010   $ 33     $ 333     $ 109,632     $ (766,199 )     $ (656,201 )     $ 1     $ (656,200 )  

 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of this financial statement.

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Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
(A Development Stage Company)
  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2010

1. Organization

Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc., or the Company, was formed as a Maryland corporation on September 18, 2009, and intends to qualify as a real estate investment trust for U.S. federal income tax purposes or REIT, commencing with the tax year ending December 31, 2011. The Company was formed to acquire multifamily properties in select targeted markets throughout the United States. The Company may acquire senior mortgage loans, subordinated loans or mezzanine debt secured by interests in multifamily properties, membership or partnership interests in multifamily properties and other multifamily related assets as determined by our manager. The Company will be externally managed and advised by Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC (“PAA”), a Delaware limited liability company.

The Company is in the development stage and has no assets other than cash, deposits and a deferred asset related to offering costs. As of December 31, 2010, the Company has entered into contracts to purchase two real estate projects. See Note 8.

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, LP, or the Operating Partnership. The Company is the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership and plans to conduct substantially all its business through the Operating Partnership following its formation.

The Company concluded on January 26, 2010 a private placement of 33,333 shares of Class B Common Stock to NELL Partners, Inc. a Georgia corporation, at a price per share equal to $3.00 per share of Class B Common Stock. In addition, on that same day the Company conducted a private placement of 3,333 shares of Class A Common Stock to NELL Partners, Inc. at a price per share equal to $3.00 per share of Class A Common Stock.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Below is a discussion of significant accounting policies as the Company prepares to commence operations and acquire real estate assets:

Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements include all of the accounts of the Company and the Operating Partnership as of December 31, 2010, presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or GAAP. All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

Noncontrolling Interest

Noncontrolling interest represent the equity interest of the Operating Partnership that is not owned by the Company. Noncontrolling interest is adjusted for contributions, distributions and earnings (loss) attributable to the noncontrolling interest in the consolidated entity in accordance with its operating agreement.

Income Taxes

The Company intends to elect to be taxed as a REIT. To qualify as a REIT, the Company must meet certain organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement to distribute at least 90% of the

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Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
(A Development Stage Company)
  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2010

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – (continued)

Company's annual REIT taxable income to its shareholders (which is computed without regard to the dividends paid deduction or net capital gain which does not necessarily equal net income as calculated in accordance with GAAP). As a REIT, the Company generally will not be subject to federal income tax to the extent it distributes qualifying dividends to its shareholders. If the Company fails to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, it will be subject to federal income tax on its taxable income at regular corporate income tax rates and generally will not be permitted to qualify for treatment as a REIT for federal income tax purposes for the four taxable years following the year during which qualification is lost unless the Internal Revenue Service grants the Company relief under certain statutory provisions. Such an event could materially adversely affect the Company's net income and net cash available for distribution to stockholders. However, the Company intends to organize and operate in such a manner as to qualify for treatment as a REIT.

As of December 31, 2010, the Company has not elected REIT status, and is therefore subject to U.S. federal and state income taxes. The provision for income taxes is based on income before taxes reported for financial statement purposes after adjustment for transactions that do not have tax consequences. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are realized according to the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the carrying value of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates as of the date of the balance sheet. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is reflected in the period that includes the statutory enactment date. A deferred tax asset valuation allowance is recorded when it has been determined that it is more likely than not that deferred tax assets will not be realized. If a valuation allowance is needed a subsequent change in circumstances in future periods that causes a change in judgment about the realization of the related deferred tax amount could result in the reversal of the deferred tax valuation allowance.

The Company recognizes a liability for uncertain tax positions. An uncertain tax position is defined as a position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return that is not based on clear and unambiguous tax law and which is reflected in measuring current or deferred income tax assets and liabilities for interim or annual periods. The Company may recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The Company measures the tax benefits recognized based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate resolution. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in its provision for income taxes.

Organizational and Offering Costs

The Company expenses organization costs as incurred. Offering costs, which include underwriting discounts and commissions, will be charged to stockholders' equity when the offering becomes effective. As of December 31, 2010, the Company's offering has not become effective, so all offering costs have been reflected as a deferred asset on the consolidated balance sheet.

The Company will reimburse PAA and its affiliates for any out-of-pocket expenses to be incurred in connection with the organization of the Company and the proposed offering of common stock to the public. However, if the proposed offering is terminated, the Company will have no obligation to reimburse PAA and its affiliates for any organizational or offering costs incurred directly by them. As described in Note 5 and Note 6, the Company borrowed approximately $465,000 and $806,000 in 2010 from a related party in order to pay for certain approved offering, organization and due diligence costs which had been incurred on behalf of the Company.

Acquisition Costs

The Company expenses property acquisition costs as incurred, which include costs such as due diligence, legal, environmental and consulting.

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Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
(A Development Stage Company)
  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2010

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – (continued)

Deposits and Other Assets

Deposits and other assets consist of a receivable related to an escrow deposit on a real estate purchase option that was terminated during the year and two mortgage application fees related to financings on two potential real estate acquisitions.

Deferred Offering Costs

Deferred offering costs represent offering costs incurred by the Company in connection with its planned initial public offering (“IPO”) of common stock. Since the IPO has not gone effective as of December 31, 2010, the offering costs have been deferred. As soon as the IPO goes effective, all offering costs will be reclassified to the stockholders’ equity section of the consolidated balance sheet as a reduction of proceeds raised in the IPO.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In June 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued an amendment to the accounting guidance for consolidation of variable interest entities, which became effective on January 1, 2010. This amendment addresses the effects of eliminating the QSPE concept and responds to concerns about the application of certain key provisions of previous accounting rules, including concerns over the transparency of an enterprises' involvement with variable interest entities, or VIEs. This guidance would be applicable in evaluating any investments made by the Company or its subsidiaries.

In December 2007, the FASB issued additional Business Combinations guidance which became effective on January 1, 2009. The objective of this guidance is to improve the relevance, representational faithfulness and comparability of the information that a reporting entity provides in its financial reports about a business combination and its effects. To accomplish that, this guidance establishes principles and requirements for how the acquirer: (i) recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree; (ii) recognizes and measures the goodwill acquired in the business combination or a gain from a bargain purchase; (iii) determines what information to disclose to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination; and (iv) requires expensing of transaction cost associated with a business combination. The adoption of this guidance has a material effect on future acquisitions made by the Company.

3. Stockholders' Equity

On January 26, 2010, the Company issued to the sole stockholder of the Company 3,333 shares of Class A Common Stock at $3 per share and 33,333 shares of Class B Common Stock at $3 per share.

Holders of Class A Common Stock are entitled to elect one-third of the Board of Directors or the Board members whereas holders of Class B Common Stock are entitled to elect two-thirds of the Board members. See Note 9 for subsequent events relating to the capital stock of the Company.

On July 29, 2010, the Board of Directors of the Company authorized the issuance and sale of up to $75.0 million in Class A Common Stock in an underwritten public offering.

On July 29, 2010, the Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC, or WOF, entered into a subscription agreement with the Company. Pursuant to this agreement, WOF subscribed for the purchase from the Company such number of shares of Class A Common Stock ($0.01 par value per share) of the Company having an aggregate value of $5.0 million. The price per share will be equal to the price per share of Class A Common Stock sold in the underwritten public offering.

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Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
(A Development Stage Company)
  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2010

4. Related Party Transactions

John A. Williams, the Company's Chief Executive Officer, President and a Director and Leonard A. Silverstein, the Company's Executive Vice President, General Counsel, Secretary and a Director, control PAA, the Company’s external management company.

5. Note Payable

On September 2, 2010, the Company borrowed $465,050 from WOF through the issuance of a promissory note. The note has an interest rate of 4.25% per annum and has a maturity date of March 31, 2011. The proceeds were used to reimburse for organizational, offering, acquisition and due diligence expenses. For the period ended December 31, 2010, the Company incurred interest on this note of $6,552. The Company plans on paying off this note and any related interest with proceeds received in connection with the IPO.

6. Lines of Credit

On October 12, 2010, the Company entered into a $1,000,000 unsecured line of credit arrangement with WOF, which matures on March 31, 2011. The line is to be used to fund approved expenses incurred by the Company such as organization, offering and property acquisition expenses. The line has an interest rate of 4.25% per annum. For the period ended December 31, 2010, the Company incurred interest on this line of credit of $6,696. The Company plans on paying off this line of credit and any related interest with the proceeds received in connection with the IPO.

On October 12, 2010, the Company entered into a $1,000,000 unsecured line of credit arrangement with WOF, which matures on March 31, 2011. The line is only to be used to fund certain approved deposits and escrows related to the acquisition of real estate projects and related financings. The line has an interest rate of 4.25% per annum. On October 15, 2010, the Company borrowed $200,000 against this line of credit, in order to fund a fully refundable non-binding earnest money deposit on a potential acquisition. For the period ended December 31, 2010, the Company incurred interest on this note of $1,816. The Company plans on paying off this line of credit and any related interest with the proceeds received in connection with the IPO.

7. Income Taxes

For the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company's operations resulted in a tax loss. Our benefit from income taxes attributable to operations consists of the following:

 
Current:
     
Federal   $  
State      
     
Deferred
     
Federal     252,079  
State     45,972  
Total, before valuation allowance     298,051  
Valuation allowance     (298,051 )  
Net provision for income taxes   $  

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
(A Development Stage Company)
  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2010

7. Income Taxes – (continued)

The reason for the difference between our benefit for income taxes and the amount that results from applying the federal statutory tax rate are as follows:

 
Income benefit at statutory rate   $ 268,170  
Effect of state taxes, net of federal benefit     29,881  
    298,051  
Valuation allowance     (298,051 )  
Total   $  

Our deferred federal and state tax assets consist of the following components:

 
Acquisition costs   $ 151,035  
Organization costs     130,769  
Net operating losses     16,247  
Deferred income tax assets, before valuation allowance     298,051  
Valuation allowance     (298,051 )  
Deferred income tax assets, net of allowance   $  

The Company evaluates its deferred tax assets to determine if valuation allowances are required. In the evaluation, management considers the potential realization of net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards and the future reversal of temporary differences, based on expectations of sufficient future taxable income. Since the Company is in the development stage and the use of these NOLs is contingent on a successful IPO and the generation of future taxable income, management has determined that a 100% valuation allowance is appropriate for the year ended December 31, 2010. The deferred tax asset valuation allowance will be reversed if and when it becomes more likely than not that the Company will generate sufficient taxable income in the future to utilize the tax benefits of the related deferred tax assets.

8. Commitments

In September 2010, the Company entered into a contract to purchase a 345 unit apartment complex in Forsyth County, Georgia for $33.2 million, from a related party.

In September 2010, the Company entered into a contract to purchase a 216 unit apartment complex in West Vincent Township, Pennsylvania for $30.15 million, from a related party.

9. Subsequent Events

On January 18, 2011, in connection with the Company's termination in 2010 of a non-binding purchase agreement for a potential acquisition, the Company was refunded $150,000. At year end 2010, this $150,000 was included in deposits and other assets.

On January 20, 2011 the Company used the refunded earnest money to pay $150,000 to WOF for amounts outstanding under its deposits line of credit. Of the $150,000 paid to WOF, $147,741 was credited to outstanding principal and $2,259 was credited to accrued but unpaid interest, leaving an outstanding principal balance of approximately $52,259 on the deposits line of credit as of January 20, 2011.

On January 18, 2011 and February 4, 2011, the Company borrowed an additional $138,158 and $55,944, respectively against the non-revolving line of credit.

As of February 4, 2011, PAA and its affiliates have incurred expenses in connection with the organization of the Company, the proposed IPO and property acquisition costs totaling approximately $216,328, which are

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Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
(A Development Stage Company)
  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
December 31, 2010

9. Subsequent Events – (continued)

not reflected in the financial statements as of December 31, 2010. As of December 31, 2010, these expenses were not approved for payment. Of this total amount, $138,157 was approved for payment on January 18, 2011 and $70,000 was approved for payment on February 4, 2011.

On January 25, 2011, the Company changed the Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock voting rights for Board of Directors so that the holders of Class A Common Stock became entitled to elect a majority of the Board of Directors.

On February 22, 2011 the Company effected a change in the designation of its shares of Class A Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share, to common stock, par value $0.01 per share, and effected a change of each of its issued and outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share, into one issued and outstanding share of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, all pursuant to an amendment to the Company's charter. As a result of these actions, NELL Partners, Inc. now holds 36,666 shares of the Company’s common stock.

On February 25, 2011, the Company amended its prior authorization to issue up to $75.0 million in Class A Common Stock in accordance with the change in all shares of Class A Common Stock to shares of common stock, as described above, and the Board of Directors of the Company authorized the issuance and sale of up to $75.0 million in common stock in an underwritten public offering.

The subscription agreement between the Company and WOF was amended on February 28, 2011, in accordance with the charter amendment changing all shares of Class A Common Stock to shares of common stock, as described above. Pursuant to this amendment, a subscription by WOF for such shares of common stock ($0.01 par value per share) of the Company having an aggregate value of $5.0 million replaced WOF’s original subscription for shares of Class A Common Stock.

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Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Financial Statements

The unaudited pro forma consolidated financial statements of Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. (together with its consolidated subsidiaries, the “Company”) as of and for the year ended December 31, 2010 are derived from the financial statements of: (1) the Company; and (2) Oxford Rise JV, LLC and Oxford Summit Partners, LLC, which own the properties (the “Acquired Properties”) being acquired by the Company. The unaudited pro forma consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2010 gives effect to the change in designation of all shares of Class A Common Stock to common stock, the change in each issued and outstanding share of Class B Common Stock to one issued and outstanding share of common stock, the Company’s initial public offering, the Company’s concurrent private placement offering to Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC (“WOF”) and the Company’s acquisition of the Acquired Properties, as if these events had occurred on December 31, 2010. The unaudited pro forma consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2010 give effect to the change in designation of all shares of Class A Common Stock to common stock, the change in each issued and outstanding share of Class B Common Stock to one issued and outstanding share of common stock, the Company’s initial public offering, the Company’s concurrent private placement to WOF and the Company’s acquisition of the Acquired Properties as if these events had occurred on January 1, 2010. The pro forma adjustments give effect to the following:

the Company’s acquisition of the Acquired Properties;
certain incremental expenses expected to be incurred based on the Company’s acquisition of the Acquired Properties and incremental general and administrative expenses to be incurred to operate as a public company; and
the initial public offering and the concurrent private placement offering of the Company and other use of proceeds from the offerings.

The Company’s pro forma consolidated financial statements are presented for informational purposes only and should be read in conjunction with the historical financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus. The adjustments to the Company’s pro forma consolidated financial statements are based on available information and assumptions that the Company considers reasonable. The Company’s pro forma consolidated financial statements do not purport to (1) represent the Company’s financial position that would have actually occurred had the offerings or the acquisition of the Acquired Properties occurred on December 31, 2010, (2) represent the results of the Company’s operations that would have actually occurred had the offerings or the acquisition of the Acquired Properties occurred on January 1, 2010, or (3) project the Company’s financial position or results of operations as of any future date or for any future period, as applicable. The pro forma consolidated financial statements include adjustments relating to acquisitions only when it is probable that the Company will acquire the properties.

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Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
  
Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Balance Sheet
December 31, 2010

         
    (Pro Forma Adjustments
to reflect)
   
     PAC REIT Historical (See Note 1)   Acquired Properties (See Note 1)   Other
(See Note 1)
    Pro Forma Combined
ASSETS
                                            
Cash   $ 22,275     $ (23,539,077 )     $ 43,694,404       E     $ 20,177,602  
Deposits and other assets     187,300             (37,300 )       D       150,000  
Rental property
                                            
Land           10,400,000             B       10,400,000  
Building and improvements           46,100,000             B       46,100,000  
Total rental property           56,500,000                      56,500,000  
Restricted cash and escrows                                 
Deferred asset     620,237             (620,237 )       A        
Deferred financing costs           338,800       37,300       D       376,100  
Intangible lease assets           6,850,000             B       6,850,000  
Total assets   $ 829,812     $ 40,149,723     $ 43,074,167           $ 84,053,702  
LIABILITIES and EQUITY
                                            
Liabilities:
                                         
Mortgage notes payable   $     $ 41,080,000     $       D     $ 41,080,000  
Note payable     465,050             (465,050 )       E        
Revolving line of credit     200,000             (200,000 )                 
Non – revolving line of credit     805,898             (805,898 )                 
Accrued interest     15,064             (15,064 )       E        
Total liabilities     1,486,012       41,080,000       (1,486,012 )                41,080,000  
Equity:
                                         
Stockholder’s Equity (Deficit):
                                         
Class A Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share; 400,033,333 shares authorized; 3,333 shares issued and outstanding     33             (33 )       A        
Class B Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share; 33,333 shares authorized; 33,333 shares issued and outstanding     333             (333 )       A        
Common stock, $0.01 par value per share; 400,066,666 shares authorized; 5,036,666 shares issued and outstanding                 50,366       A       50,366  
Additional paid-in capital     109,632             44,550,000       A       44,659,632  
Accumulated deficit     (766,199 )       (930,277 )       (39,821 )       C       (1,736,297 )  
Total stockholder’s equity (deficit)     (656,201 )       (930,277 )       44,560,179             42,973,701  
Noncontrolling interest     1                         1  
Total equity (deficit)     (656,200 )       (930,277 )       44,560,179             42,973,702  
Total liabilities and stockholder’s equity   $ 829,812     $ 40,149,723     $ 43,074,167           $ 84,053,702  

 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of this pro forma financial statement.

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Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
  
Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Statement of Operations
For the Year Ended December 31, 2010

         
    (Pro Forma Adjustments
to reflect)
   
     PAC REIT Historical (See Note 1)   Acquired Properties (See Note 1)   Other
(See Note 1)
    Pro Forma Combined
Revenue:
                                            
Net rental income   $     $ 5,809,620     $              $ 5,809,620  
Other revenue           667,482                   667,482  
Total revenues           6,477,102                   6,477,102  
Operating expenses
                                            
Management fees           194,919       64,973       AA       259,892  
Property operations & maintenance           1,516,593                      1,516,593  
General & administrative     2,690       420,116       479,542       BB       902,348  
Real estate taxes           514,181                      514,181  
Acquistion costs     388,266                            388,266  
Depreciation                 1,676,364       CC       1,676,364  
Amortization on lease intangibles                 6,850,000       EE       6,850,000  
Total expenses     390,956       2,645,809       9,070,879             12,107,644  
Operating Income (Loss)     (390,956 )       3,831,293       (9,070,879 )                (5,630,542 )  
Organization costs     360,179                            360,179  
Amortization of deferred financing costs                 53,729       DD       53,729  
Interest     15,084             2,012,920       FF       2,028,004  
Net Income (Loss)     (766,219 )       3,831,293       (11,137,528 )                (8,072,454 )  
Noncontrolling interest     766       (3,831 )       11,138             8,073  
Net Income (Loss) available to holders of common stock   $ (765,453 )     $ 3,827,462     $ 11,126,390           $ (8,064,381 )  
Pro forma loss per share basic and diluted allocable to the Company   $ (20.88 )                   GG     $ (2.66 )  
Pro forma weighted average outstanding shares basic and diluted     36,666                   GG       3,027,906  

 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of this pro forma financial statement.

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Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. and Subsidiaries
  
Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Financial Statements

1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. (the “Company”) is a newly formed, full service real estate company, primarily focused on the acquisition, ownership, operation and management of multifamily properties in select targeted markets throughout the United States. Concurrent with the initial public offering, or the IPO, and the concurrent private placement offering to Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC, or WOF, the Company will complete the acquisition transaction, pursuant to which it will acquire Oxford Rise JV, LLC and Oxford Summit Partner, LLC, or the Acquired Properties.

The Company was formed as a Maryland corporation on September 18, 2009. Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, LP, or the Operating Partnership, the Company’s operating partnership, was formed as a Delaware limited partnership on May 19, 2010.

The Company has filed a Registration Statement on Form S-11, as amended, with the Securities and Exchange Commission with respect to an initial public offering of shares of common stock of $45.0 million of equity at $10.00 per share. Upon completion of the IPO, the concurrent $5.0 million private placement offering to WOF and the acquisition of the Acquired Properties, the Company expects its operations to be carried on through its operating partnership. At such time, the Company, as the general partner of the operating partnership, will own, directly or indirectly, 99.9% of the operating partnership and will have control of the operating partnership, as determined under the consolidation rules of generally accepted accounting principles. Accordingly, the Company will consolidate the assets, liabilities and results of operations of the operating partnership.

The Company is assumed to purchase the Acquired Properties in this pro forma with cash and debt financing. The cost of the acquisition is allocated to tangible and intangible assets based on fair value. The fair value of the buildings is estimated on an as-if-vacant basis, based on relevant information obtained in connection with the acquisition of these properties. The estimated fair value of acquired in-place leases are the costs the Company would have incurred to lease the property to the occupancy level of the property at the date of acquisition.

The attached pro forma consolidated balance sheet and consolidated statement of operations report four columns. The first column labeled “PAC REIT Historical” represents the financial position and actual results of the PAC REIT as of December 31, 2010 and for the year ended December 31, 2010. The second column “Acquired Properties” on the balance sheet represents the pro forma adjustments required in order to reflect the balance sheet impact of acquiring the two properties and the related debt financing as if the acquisition occurred on December 31, 2010. The second column “Acquired Properties” on the statement of operations represent the actual revenues and expenses of the two properties during the periods indicated. The “other” column on the balance sheet and statement of operations represent the pro forma adjustments required to reflect the closing of the offerings, the payoff of the note payable, lines of credit and related accrued interest, the expense adjustments required to reflect the debt financing, depreciation on the properties, amortization of the debt financing and lease intangible costs, additional management fees and the additional expenses incurred by being a public company.

2. ADJUSTMENTS TO PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET

(A) To reflect sale of 5.0 million shares of common stock for $ 10.00 per share in the offerings:

 
Gross proceeds from public offering   $ 45,000,000  
Gross proceeds from private placement offering to WOF     5,000,000  
Less: Underwriters’ discounts and commissions and other offering costs, to be paid     (4,779,763 )  
Net proceeds from offerings   $ 45,220,237  

As of December 31, 2010, the Company had already incurred and paid offering costs totaling $620,237. These costs were reflected as a deferred asset on the Company’s balance sheet as of December 31, 2010, and reflected as an adjustment to the pro forma Additional Paid-In Capital as part of the offering transaction.

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Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. and Subsidiaries
  
Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Financial Statements

2. ADJUSTMENTS TO PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET  – (continued)

Reconciliation of the Additional Paid-In Capital Adjustment:

 
Gross proceeds from offerings   $ 50,000,000  

Less:

Amount reflected in Common Stock

    (50,000 )  
Additional Paid-In Capital from Offerings     49,950,000  

Less:

Offering costs to be paid

    (4,779,763 )  

 

Offering costs already incurred and paid

    (620,237 )  
     $ 44,550,000  

In conjunction with the IPO, the Company is retiring its Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock structure pursuant to a change in the designation of its shares of Class A Common Stock to common stock and a change in each of its issued and outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock to one issued and outstanding share of common stock, all pursuant to an amendment to the Company’s charter filed on February 22, 2011.

(B) The Acquired Properties will be purchased by the Company with cash and debt financing. The purchase price allocation of the two properties was determined based on two appraisals performed on each property by two independent national appraisal firms. The average of the two appraisals on each property was used to determine the purchase price allocation. The allocation of purchase price is based on the Company’s best estimates and is subject to change based on the final determination of the fair value of assets acquired. In addition, the purchase price is subject to any working capital adjustments that may occur at closing, but these adjustments are not expected to be significant.

 
Land   $ 10,400,000  
Building and improvements     46,100,000  
Total rental property     56,500,000  
Lease intangibles     6,850,000  
Assets acquired   $ 63,350,000  
(C) Based on the Company’s preliminary estimates, which are subject to change based on the final determination of the acquisition costs related to the two properties and the organization costs incurred to form the Company, the following costs have been expensed as part of the property acquisitions and the formation of the Company.

 
Organization costs, already incurred and paid as of December 31, 2010   $ 360,179  
Organization costs, to be paid     39,821  
Total organization costs   $ 400,000  

 
Acquisition costs, already incurred and paid as of December 31, 2010   $ 388,266  
Acquisition costs, to be paid     930,277  
Total acquisition costs   $ 1,318,543  

Organization costs include actual third party costs such as legal and governmental filing fees, along with Company expenses incurred in the formation of the Company. Organization costs to be paid are factually supported by actual invoices received.

Property acquisition costs include estimated third party costs such as engineering, environmental, legal, title insurance, intangible and stamp taxes, audits, etc. totaling $685,043. In addition, acquisition fees charged by Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC, or the Manager, of 1% of the estimated purchase price has also been included totaling $633,500. Third party acquisition costs to be paid are factually supported by actual invoices received.

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Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. and Subsidiaries
  
Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Financial Statements

2. ADJUSTMENTS TO PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET  – (continued)

(D) Based on the Company’s preliminary estimates, which are subject to change based on the final determination of the amount of debt financing used on the purchase of the Acquired Properties and the related financing costs, the following amounts have been reflected in this pro forma:

 
Debt financing on Acquired Properties   $ 41,080,000  
Financing costs, to be paid     (338,800 )  
Net proceeds received on debt financing   $ 40,741,200  

As of December 31, 2010, the Company had already incurred and paid $37,300 in mortgage application fees. These application fees were reflected as deposits on the Company’s balance sheet as of December 31, 2010. As part of the pro forma adjustments related to the property acquisitions and related financings, the $37,300 was reclassed from a deposit to deferred financing costs.

The debt is assumed to have a term of 7 years and carry a fixed rate of 4.9%. The interest rate reflected in the pro forma is based on the current rate the Company has negotiated in non-binding loan applications for the financing on the two Acquired Properties.

(E) Reconciliation of the cash adjustment:

 
Other:
        
Net proceeds from offerings (See Note (A))   $ 45,220,237  

Less:

Note payable, to be paid

    (465,050 )  

 

Lines of credit, to be paid

    (1,005,898 )  

 

Accrued interest, to be paid

    (15,064 )  
Organization costs (See Note (C))     (39,821 )  
     $ 43,694,404  

 
Acquired Properties:
        
Net Proceeds from debt financing on Acquired Properties   $ 40,741,200  
(See Note (D))
        
Less: Purchase price of properties     (63,350,000 )  
(See Note (B))
        
Property acquisition costs, reduced for amounts already incurred and paid as of December 31, 2010     (930,277 )  
(See Note (C))
        
     $ (23,539,077 )  

3. ADJUSTMENTS TO PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

The adjustments to the pro forma consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2010 (unaudited) are as follows:

(AA) Effective with the purchase of the two properties by the Company, the property management fee will increase from 3% of monthly gross rental income to 4% of monthly gross rental income. The pro forma adjustment reflects this additional cost burden on the properties operations.
(BB) Reflected in the pro forma adjustment is the Company’s estimate of the additional general and administrative expenses that will be incurred going forward in order to operate as a public company. There are two components to the adjustment. The first component is the estimated

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Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. and Subsidiaries
  
Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Financial Statements

3. ADJUSTMENTS TO PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS  – (continued)

annual compensation and related meeting expense fees, resulting from the Company's Board of Directors (“Board”). There will be five independent members of the Board who are entitled to compensation, and total annual costs are estimated at $350,000. It is assumed that annual compensation and meeting related fees paid to the Board members will be in Company common stock. The common stock issued for the annual compensation, approximately $260,000 or 26,000 shares, will be restricted and will not vest for one year from date of grant. The common stock issued for meeting related fees, approximately $90,000 or 9,000 shares, will not be restricted and will vest immediately. The second pro forma adjustment was calculated based on 2% of the Acquired Properties total revenues for the applicable period. The 2% is based on the fee agreed to by the Manager. General and administrative expenses incurred by the Company, excluding Board expenses, that exceed 2% of its revenue are paid for by the Manager, and therefore not included in the adjustments. The additional expenses are estimated to total $129,542.
(CC) Reflected in the pro forma adjustment is the Company’s estimate of the depreciation charges that will be incurred by the properties assuming the purchase had occurred effective January 1, 2010. The pro forma adjustment assumes a straight-line depreciation method using a 27.5 year life, based on a weighted average useful life of the buildings and improvements. The depreciable basis is the acquisition price of the properties less the value of the land and in-place leases.
(DD) Reflected in the pro forma adjustment is the Company’s estimate of the deferred financing amortization charges that will be incurred by the properties assuming the purchase had occurred effective January 1, 2010. The pro forma adjustment assumes a straight-line amortization method, which approximates the effective yield method, assuming a 7-year term on the debt financings.
(EE) Reflected in the pro forma adjustment is the Company’s estimate of the amortization charges that will be incurred by the properties assuming the purchase had occurred effective January 1, 2010. The pro forma adjustment assumes a straight-line amortization method assuming a nine month remaining average life of the in-place leases (Lease Intangible).
(FF) Reflected in the pro forma adjustment is the Company’s estimate of interest expense incurred on the debt financings used to acquire the two properties. We have assumed a fixed rate of 4.9% on the debt, and the debt is assumed to be in place as of January 1, 2010.

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Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. and Subsidiaries
  
Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Financial Statements

3. ADJUSTMENTS TO PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS  – (continued)

(GG) Based on the Company’s pro forma assumptions related to proceeds from the offerings:

   
     PAC REIT Historical   Pro Forma
Numerator:
                 
Net loss available to holders of common stock   $ (765,453 )     $ (8,064,381 )  
Denominator:
                 
Existing – Class A Common Stock (redesignated as common stock)     3,333       3,333  
Existing – Class B Common Stock changed to common stock     33,333       33,333  
Shares of common stock issued in the offerings (See Note (A))           5,000,000  
Shares of common stock issued to the Company's Board members as compensation related to periodic meetings (See Note (BB)). (1)           9,000  
Impact from offering proceeds not used for acquisitions and debt repayments (2)           (2,017,760 )  
Denominator for basic earnings per share     36,666       3,027,906  
Denominator for diluted earnings per share     36,666       3,027,906  
Loss per share data:
              
Basic   $ (20.88 )     $ (2.66 )  
Diluted   $ N/A     $ N/A  

(1) The denominator in computing basic pro forma loss per share should include only those shares of common stock that have vested. Those shares that have been granted to the Company's Board members as annual compensation (26,000 shares) have been excluded from the computation of basic loss per share because these shares are assumed not to vest until one year after the grant date and will not have vested yet and shares of common stock that have been granted to the Company’s Board members as compensation related to periodic meetings (9,000 shares) have been included in the computation of basic loss per share because these shares vest on the date of grant. Since the Company's pro forma operations report a loss to common stockholders and the additional 26,000 shares would be antidilutive, these shares have also been excluded from the computation of diluted loss per share.
(2) The denominator in computing pro forma loss per share should include only those shares of common stock whose proceeds are being reflected in pro forma adjustments in the statement of operations, such as proceeds used for acquisitions and offering costs. In the Pro Forma Consolidated Balance Sheet, use of proceeds from the offerings are as follows:

 
Property Acquisitions, net of financing   $ 22,608,800  
Acquisition costs, to be paid     930,277  
Debt and accrued interest repayments     1,486,012  
Offering costs, to be paid     4,779,763  
Organizational costs, to be paid     39,821  
Total use of proceeds from the offerings   $ 29,844,673  
Total use of proceeds as a percentage of the offerings     59.69 %  
Offering proceeds not used     40.31 %  

Accordingly, in calculating the denominator for earnings per share, we only included 59.69% of the shares issued in the offerings.

For purposes of this pro forma, the shares of common stock detailed above are assumed to be outstanding effective January 1, 2010. The pro forma assumes no stock options or grants are issued.

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Stockholder of Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc:

We have audited the accompanying combined statements of revenue and certain expenses of “Acquired Properties” for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008. These combined financial statements are the responsibility of the “Acquired Properties” management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the combined financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statement, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

The accompanying combined statements of revenue and certain expenses were prepared for the purpose of complying with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and for inclusion in the Registration Statement on Form S-11 of Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc, as amended, as described in note 2 to the combined financial statements. It is not intended to be a complete presentation of “Acquired Properties” revenue and expenses.

In our opinion, the combined statements of revenue and certain expenses referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the revenue and expenses as described in note 2 of “Acquired Properties” for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

Atlanta, Georgia
March 3, 2011

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ACQUIRED PROPERTIES

COMBINED STATEMENTS OF REVENUE AND CERTAIN OPERATING EXPENSES

     
  Year Ended December 31, 2010   Year Ended December 31, 2009   Year Ended December 31, 2008
Revenue:
                       
Net rental income   $ 5,809,620     $ 4,449,155     $ 3,108,920  
Other revenue     667,482       478,512       300,971  
Total revenues     6,477,102       4,927,667       3,409,891  
                       
Certain operating expenses
                       
Management fees     194,919       159,412       140,309  
Property operations & maintenance     1,516,593       1,566,500       1,213,837  
General & administrative     420,116       472,779       460,294  
Real estate taxes     514,181       559,397       318,823  
Total certain operating expenses     2,645,809       2,758,088       2,133,263  
Revenue in excess of certain operating expenses   $ 3,831,293     $ 2,169,579     $ 1,276,628  

 
 
See accompanying notes to financial statements.

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Acquired Properties
  
Notes to Combined Statements of Revenue and Certain Expenses

1. Organization and Formation

Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. (the “Company”) was formed as a Maryland corporation on September 18, 2009, and intends to qualify as a real estate investment trust for U.S. federal income tax purposes, or REIT, commencing with our tax year ending December 31, 2011. The Company was formed to acquire multifamily properties in select targeted markets throughout the United States. The Company is in the process of completing an initial public offering. Upon completion of the Company’s initial public offering transaction, the Company has agreed to acquire the following two real estate projects (“Acquired Properties”).

The Company will acquire Oxford Rise JV, LLC (“Rise JV”), a Delaware limited liability company, which was formed on March 29, 2007. Rise JV owns a 216 unit multifamily residential project located in West Vincent, Pennsylvania.
The Company will acquire Oxford Summit Partners, LLC (“Oxford Summit”), a Georgia limited liability company, which was formed on July 6, 2005. Oxford Summit owns a 345 unit multifamily residential project located in Forsyth County, Georgia.

Oxford Properties, LLC, a related party, was responsible for the construction and development of both apartment projects. Williams Residential Management, LLC, a related party, is responsible for the property management at both projects. The Acquired Properties operations are presented on a combined basis as a result of common management.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying combined statements of revenue and certain expenses include the rental and property operations of the Acquired Properties for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009, and 2010.

The accompanying combined statements of revenue and certain expenses were prepared for the purpose of inclusion in an initial public offering prospectus and to comply with the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission for the acquisition of real estate properties. The combined statement of revenue and certain expenses are not intended to be a complete presentation of the actual operations of the properties for the applicable periods, as certain expenses which may not be comparable to the expenses to be incurred in the proposed future operations of the properties have been excluded. Expenses excluded consist of interest expense on certain loans that will not be assumed by the Company, depreciation, amortization and other expenses not directly related to the proposed future operations of the Acquired Properties. The Company is not aware of any material factors relating to the property other than those discussed that would cause the reported financial information not to be indicative of future operating results.

The occupancies for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009, and 2010 for Oxford Rise were 21.8%, 79.2% and 94%; and for Oxford Summit 76.5%, 85.4% and 95%, respectively.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the combined statements of revenue and certain expenses in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenue and certain expenses. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Revenue Recognition

Residential properties are leased under operating leases with terms of generally one year or less. Rental revenues from residential leases, which include periods of free rent and/or scheduled increases in rental rates over the term of the lease, are recognized on a straight-line basis.

Under the terms of residential leases, residents are obliged to reimburse the projects for certain utility usage, principally water and electricity, where the projects are the primary obligor to the local public utility

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Acquired Properties
  
Notes to Combined Statements of Revenue and Certain Expenses

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies  – (continued)

entity. These utility reimbursements from residents are included in other revenue in the accompanying combined statement of revenue and certain expenses. The utility reimbursements for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009, and 2010 for Oxford Rise were $3,643, $74,571, and $163,860; and for Oxford Summit were $90,512, $98,065, $116,786.

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses represent the direct expenses of operating the properties and consist primarily of payroll, utilities, repairs and maintenance, insurance, property taxes and other operating expenses that are expected to continue in the proposed future operations of the properties.

Commitments and Contingencies

Liabilities for loss contingencies arising from claims, assessments, litigation, fines, penalties and other sources, are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amountof the assessment can be reasonably estimated. Legal costs incurred in connection with loss contingencies are expensed as incurred. There is no material litigation nor to management’s knowledge is any material litigation currently threatened against the properties other than routine litigation, claims and administrative proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business.

3. Related Party Transactions

Under the provisions of the Operating Agreement, an affiliate of the Company, Williams Residential Management, LLC, is responsible for the management of the Acquired Properties.

The Management Fee is based on 3% of monthly gross rental income, but never less than $16 per unit. Williams Residential Management, LLC also received payroll reimbursements related to management services. The payroll reimbursements are included in the Property Operations and Maintenance Expense of the combined statements. In connection with this activity, affiliates earned fees and received expense reimbursements as follows:

     
  2010   2009   2008
Management fees   $ 194,919     $ 159,412     $ 140,309  
Payroll reimbursements   $ 737,886     $ 786,358     $ 623,018           

4. Subsequent Events

Management has evaluated all events and transactions that occurred after December 31, 2010 through March 3, 2011, the date which the statements were available to be issued, and noted no items requiring adjustment of the statements or additional disclosure.

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APPENDIX A
PRIOR PERFORMANCE TABLES
  
(Unaudited)

This introduction provides information relating to the real estate investment programs sponsored by the sponsor and his affiliates. The only prior program that is similar to ours is the Williams Multifamily Acquisition Fund which targets the acquisition of multifamily rental properties like our program and it has investment objectives similar to ours. The other two programs described are not similar to our program because they are focused on investing in a mix of real estate projects, including development projects, across multiple property sub-types (including rental apartments, for-sale condominiums, retail, senior housing, industrial, hotels, residential lots and office) with the primary objective being value creation through capital appreciation and with a secondary focus on current income from operations. These tables provide information for use in evaluating the programs, the results of operations of the programs, and compensation paid by the programs. These tables are furnished solely to provide prospective investors with information concerning the past performance of entities formed by the sponsor that raised capital from third parties. The information contained herein is included solely to provide prospective investors with background to be used to evaluate the real estate experience of our sponsor and his affiliates.

Information in the tables is current as of September 30, 2010. Investors are strongly encouraged to carefully review these tables in conjunction with the summary information contained in elsewhere in this prospectus in the section captioned “Prior Performance of Affiliates of our Sponsor.”

THE INFORMATION IN THIS SECTION AND THE TABLES REFERENCED HEREIN SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED AS INDICATIVE OF HOW WE WILL PERFORM. THIS DISCUSSION REFERS TO THE PERFORMANCE OF PRIOR PROGRAMS AND PROPERTIES SPONSORED BY OUR SPONSOR OR HIS AFFILIATES OVER THE PERIODS LISTED THEREIN. IN ADDITION, THE TABLES INCLUDED WITH THIS PROSPECTUS (WHICH REFLECT RESULTS OVER THE PERIODS SPECIFIED IN EACH TABLE) DO NOT MEAN THAT WE WILL MAKE INVESTMENTS COMPARABLE TO THOSE REFLECTED IN SUCH TABLES. IF YOU PURCHASE SHARES OF COMMON STOCK IN PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES, INC., YOU WILL NOT HAVE ANY OWNERSHIP INTEREST IN ANY OF THE REAL ESTATE PROGRAMS DESCRIBED IN THE TABLES (UNLESS YOU ARE ALSO AN INVESTOR IN THOSE REAL ESTATE PROGRAMS).

YOU SHOULD NOT CONSTRUE INCLUSION OF THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION AS IMPLYING IN ANY MANNER THAT WE WILL HAVE RESULTS COMPARABLE TO THOSE REFLECTED IN THE INFORMATION BELOW BECAUSE THE YIELD AND CASH AVAILABLE AND OTHER FACTORS COULD BE SUBSTANTIALLY DIFFERENT IN OUR PROPERTIES.

The following tables are included herein:

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TABLE I
  
EXPERIENCE IN RAISING AND INVESTING FUNDS
  
(Unaudited)

Table I provides a summary of the experience of our sponsor and his affiliates in raising and investing funds for programs that have had offerings close during the three years ended September 30, 2010. Information is provided as to the manner in which the proceeds of the offerings have been applied, the timing and length of the offerings and the time period over which the proceeds have been invested. The only program that has an investment objective that is similar to ours is the Williams Multifamily Acquisition Fund. Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC is a program focused on investing in a mix of real estate development projects across multiple property sub-types and markets with the primary objective being value creation through capital appreciation and with a secondary focus on current income from operations. All percentage amounts except “Percent Leveraged” represent percentages of the dollar amount raised for each program.

   
  Williams
Multifamily
Acquisition Fund (1)
  Williams
Opportunity Fund,
LLC (2)
Dollar amount of investor commitments   $ 300,000,000 (3)     $ 103,125,000 (4)  
Dollar amount received from sponsors   $ 6,210,126 (5)     $ 7,174,500 (6)  
Dollar amount received from other investors   $ 117,992,400 (5)     $ 85,739,431 (6)  
Percentage amount received compared to total commitments     41.4 %       90.1 %  
Percentage amount raised     100.0 %       100.0 %  
Less offering expenses:
                 
Selling commissions and discounts     0.0 %       0.0 %  
Organizational expenses     0.3 %       0.1 %  
Other (offering costs)     0.0 %       0.3 %  
Reserves:     0.0 %       0.0 %  
Percent available for investment     99.7 %       99.7 %  
Acquisition and development costs:
                 
Prepaid items and fees related to purchase of property
                 
Senior debt   $ 217,862,607     $ 424,672,500  
Mezzanine debt   $     $ 9,900,000  
Cash down payment (deposits)
                 
Fund equity   $ 121,663,751     $ 63,305,362  
Co-investor equity   $     $ 119,447,036  
Acquisition fees   $     $  
Total acquisition costs   $ 339,526,358 (7)     $ 617,324,898 (8)  
Percent leveraged     64.2 %       70.4 %  
Date offering began     Mar-07       Dec-06  
Length of offering (in months)     4       16  
Months to invest 90% of amount available for investment     27 (9)       continuing (10)  

(1) This program is focused on investing in multifamily assets with a significant “Value-Add” component that are of modern construction type and possess no major physical deficiencies or functional obsolescence with a primary objective of capital appreciation through repositioning of the assets and a secondary objective of generating current income from operations.
(2) This program is focused on investing in a mix of real estate projects across multiple property sub-types and markets with the primary objective of this program being value creation through capital appreciation and with a secondary focus on current income from operations.
(3) The Fund closed in June 2007 after it had raised $300 million in investor commitments. Of this amount,

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$285 million represents the investment commitment of two unaffiliated institutional investors and $15.0 million from the program’s sponsors. Though the investors make an upfront commitment to the Fund on their total investment, the timing and amount of cash required to be funded is at the discretion of the Fund Manager (as long as it occurs within a predetermined period of time). Capital calls are then made to investors based on the timing of property acquisitions and/or the Fund’s operating needs.
(4) The Fund closed in February 2007 after it had raised $103.125 million in investor commitments. Of this amount, $39.0 million represents the investment commitment of five unaffiliated institutional investors, $56.125 million represents the investment commitment of approximately 62 unaffiliated high net worth individuals and $8.0 million represents the investment commitment of the program’s sponsors. Though the investors make an upfront commitment to the Fund on their total investment, the timing and amount of cash required to be funded is at the discretion of the Fund Manager (as long as it occurs within a predetermined period of time). Capital calls are then made to investors based on the timing of property acquisitions and/or the Fund’s operating needs.
(5) Represents the amount of capital funded by the investors pursuant to the program’s partnership agreement as of September 30, 2010. In June 2009, the program sponsors and investors decided to freeze the Fund’s acquisition program because it was believed that pricing of assets was materially greater than actual property values due to adverse market conditions together with the existence of a large number of potential buyers and a limited supply of assets for sale. Future capital calls to investors were restricted to needs on existing projects and Fund operating issues.
(6) Represents the amount of invested commitments called by the Fund pursuant to the Fund’s operating agreement, less amounts unfunded by investors as of September 30, 2010.
(7) Includes amounts expended or budgeted for rehabilitation projects.
(8) Includes all budgeted costs for development projects, some of which are still in construction and have not yet expended all budgeted funds.
(9) The investment period expired as of June 30, 2009.
(10) 60.4% of the amount raised has been invested as of September 30, 2010, including $5,580,000 invested in a development project in May of 2008 that was completed and sold in July of 2009.

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TABLE II
  
COMPENSATION TO SPONSOR
  
(Unaudited)

Table II summarizes the amount and type of compensation paid to our sponsor and his affiliates for the period beginning on January 1, 2007 and ending on September 30, 2010 in connection with (1) each program that had offerings close during this period, and (2) all other programs that have made payments to the sponsor or his affiliates during this period. Amounts for 2007 for the Williams Multifamily Acquisition Fund are for the period from its inception on April 1, 2007 to year end. Amounts for 2007 for the Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC are for the period from its inception on February 22, 2007 to year end. The only program that has an investment objective that is similar to ours is the Williams Multifamily Acquisition Fund. Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC and Williams Realty Fund I are programs focused on investing in a mix of real estate projects across multiple property sub-types and markets with the primary objective being value creation through capital appreciation and with a secondary focus on current income from operations.

     
  Williams
Multifamily
Acquisition Fund
  Williams
Opportunity Fund,
LLC
  Williams Realty
Fund I, LLC
Date offering commenced     Mar-07       Dec-06       Jan-05  
Dollar amount raised   $ 300,000,000     $ 103,125,000     $ 100,000,000  
Amount paid to sponsor from proceeds of offering:
                          
Underwriting fees   $     $     $  
Acquisition fees
                          
- real estate commissions   $     $     $  
- advisory fees   $     $     $  
Asset management fees   $     $     $  
Dollar amount of cash generated (used) in 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010 from operations before deducting payments to sponsor (1)   $ 23,619,256     $ (11,094,635 )     $ (36,373,533 )  
Amount paid to sponsor from operations in 2007:
                          
Property management fees
  $ 505,919     $ 18,432     $ 579,284  
Asset management fees   $ 2,430,016     $ 858,606     $ 990,863  
Reimbursements   $ 2,100,336     $ 182,278     $ 2,699,862  
Leasing commissions   $     $     $ 418,850  
Landscaping fees   $ 139,689     $ 536,291     $ 774,253  
Sub-Total – Operation Fees   $ 5,175,960     $ 1,595,607     $ 5,463,112  
Development fees     N/A     $ 3,327,572     $ 7,232,990  
General contractor fees     N/A     $ 1,257,577     $ 2,099,267  
Total – All Fees 2007   $ 5,175,960     $ 6,180,756     $ 14,795,369  
Amount paid to sponsor from operations in 2008:
                          
Property management fees   $ 978,433     $ 176,246     $ 793,082  
Asset management fees   $ 4,444,359     $ 2,019,591     $ 933,933  
Reimbursements   $ 3,829,809     $ 705,567     $ 3,740,132  
Leasing commissions   $     $     $ 246,872  
Landscaping fees   $ 16,174     $ 803,374     $ 523,026  
Sub-Total – Operation Fees   $ 9,268,775     $ 3,704,778     $ 6,237,045  
Development fees     N/A     $ 5,517,837     $ 4,374,927  
General contractor fees     N/A     $ 2,784,992     $ 178,792  
Total – All Fees 2008   $ 9,268,775     $ 12,007,607     $ 10,790,764  
Amount paid to sponsor from operations in 2009:
                          
Property management fees   $ 1,053,985     $ 395,192     $ 912,808  

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

     
  Williams
Multifamily
Acquisition Fund
  Williams
Opportunity Fund,
LLC
  Williams Realty
Fund I, LLC
Asset management fees   $ 3,611,768     $ 1,543,545     $ 933,933  
Reimbursements   $ 3,779,789     $ 1,952,323     $ 4,147,521  
Leasing commissions   $     $     $ 252,756  
Landscaping fees   $     $ 595,419     $ 366,031  
Sub-Total – Operation Fees   $ 8,445,542     $ 4,486,479     $ 6,613,049  
Development fees     N/A     $ 4,901,522     $ 335,144  
General contractor fees     N/A     $ 1,161,592     $ 2,198,224  
Total – All Fees 2009   $ 8,445,542     $ 10,549,593     $ 9,146,417  
Amount paid to sponsor from operations in 2010: (2)
                          
Property management fees   $ 800,293     $ 418,571     $ 721,077  
Asset management fees   $ 1,395,966     $ 1,111,495     $ 472,435  
Reimbursements   $ 2,920,992     $ 1,781,645     $ 3,006,815  
Leasing commissions   $     $     $ 151,156  
Landscaping fees   $ 74,629     $ 407,959     $ 183,980  
Sub-Total – Operation Fees   $ 5,191,880     $ 3,719,670     $ 4,535,463
 
Development fees   $     $ 1,508,953     $  
General contractor fees   $     $ 23,457     $  
Total – All Fees 2010 (2)   $ 5,191,880     $ 5,252,080     $ 4,535,463  
Dollar amount of property sales and refinancing before deducting payments to sponsor
                          
Cash   $     $ 8,532,077     $ 28,436,970  
Notes   $     $     $  
Amount paid to sponsor from property sales and refinancing:
                          
Real estate commissions   $     $     $  
Incentive fees   $     $ 998,571     $ 6,163,236  
Other   $     $     $  

Notes:

(1) Represents the cash flow from operations on Table III for years 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010, plus all fees paid to sponsor from operations for 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010 (excludes capitalized costs such as development fees and general contractor fees).
(2) 2010 represents the period January 1 through September 30, 2010.

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TABLE III

OPERATING RESULTS OF PRIOR PROGRAM PROPERTIES

(Unaudited)

The following tables summarize the operating results of programs sponsored by sponsor and his affiliates that have had offerings close during the five years ended September 30, 2010. All figures are as of December 31 of the year indicated, except for the numbers for the nine months ended September 30, 2010, which reflect nine month numbers. All figures are presented on the basis of U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, except as otherwise noted.

           
  Williams Realty Fund I, LLC
Year Ended December 31,
     2005 (1)   2006   2007   2008   2009   Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2010 (3)
Gross revenues         $ 1,041,122     $ 2,993,037     $ 14,383,443     $ 27,584,344     $ 9.021,110  
Profit on sale of properties         $ 14,622,553     $ 451,445     $ 3,330,859     $ (52,896 )     $ 3,109,196  
Interest income   $ 97,191     $ 593,995     $ 817,402     $ 77,392     $ 53,945     $ 74,529  
Gain on extinguishment of debt                             1,081,653     $ 112,455,479 (4)  
Less:
                                                     
Operating expenses   $ (1,265,695 )     $ (3,355,927 )     $ (5,510,421 )     $ (22,992,445 )     $ (29,821,242 )     $ (7,768,223 )  
Impairment of real estate assets                     $ (101,339,398 )     $ (39,396,403 )        
Interest expense         $ (1,647,903 )     $ (3,715,009 )     $ (11,825,751 )     $ (16,306,419 )     $ (6,251,517 )  
Depreciation and amortization         $ (241,782 )     $ (2,539,204 )     $ (7,805,501 )     $ (6,503,412 )     $ (3,287,724 )  
Income(loss) before equity in earnings (losses) of unconsolidated entities, non-controlling interests and discontinued operations   $ (1,168,504 )     $ 11,012,058     $ (7,502,750 )     $ (126,171,401 )     $ (64,360,430 )     $ 107,352,850  
Net income from discontinued operations               $ 1,527,456                    
Equity in earnings (losses) of unconsolidated entities         $ (549,543 )     $ 4,298,266     $ (2,000,661 )     $ (497,841 )     $ 1,053,407  
Net income (loss) before amounts attributable to non-controlling interests   $ (1,168,504 )     $ 10,462,515     $ (1,677,028 )     $ (128,172,062 )     $ (64,858,271 )     $ 108,406,257  
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests   $ 297,199     $ 10,591,255     $ 882,635     $ (6,180,600 )     $ (11,909,557 )     $ 11,094,428  
Net income (loss) attributable to parent – GAAP basis   $ (1,465,703 )     $ (128,740 )     $ (2,559,663 )     $ (121,991,462 )     $ (52,948,714 )     $ 97,311,829  
Taxable income:
                                                     
from operations   $ (855,069 )     $ 3,011,937     $ (2,226,965 )     $ (17,512,447 )     $ (13,442,420 )       N/A  
from gain on sale               $ 2,430,994     $ 1,215,403     $ 488       N/A  
Cash generated (deficiency) from operations   $ (1,237,995 )     $ 11,675,879     $ (14,467,015 )     $ (36,860,843 )     $ (500,269 )     $ (7,394,075 )  
Cash generated (deficiency) from sales         $ 4,020,393     $ 20,305,720     $ 1,960,789     $ 47,500        
Cash generated from refinancing         $ 1,358,692                          
Cash generated from operations, sales and refinancing   $ (1,237,995 )     $ 17,054,964     $ 5,838,705     $ (34,900,054 )     $ (452,769 )     $ (7,394,075 )  
Less cash distributions to investors:
                                                     
from operating cash flow                                    
from sales and refinancing         $ (5,340,000 )     $ (17,500,000 )     $ (1,960,789 )              
from other                     $ (39,211 )              
Cash generated (deficiency) after cash distributions   $ (1,237,995 )     $ 11,714,964     $ (11,661,295 )     $ (36,900,054 )     $ (452,769 )     $ (7,394,075 )  
Less: Special items                                    
Cash generated (deficiency) after cash distributions and special items   $ (1,237,995 )     $ 11,714,964     $ (11,661,295 )     $ (36,900,054 )     $ (452,769 )     $ (7,394,075)  

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  Williams Realty Fund I, LLC
Year Ended December 31,
     2005 (1)   2006   2007   2008   2009   Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2010 (3)
Tax and Distribution Data per $1,000 invested: (2)
                                                     
Federal Income Tax Results:
                                                     
Ordinary income (loss) – from operations   $ (38 )     $ 48     $ (28 )     $ (234 )     $ (179 )       N/A  
Capital gain (loss)               $ 30     $ 16     $ 0       N/A  
Cash Distributions to Investors Source (on GAAP basis):                                                      
Investment income                                    
Return of capital         $ 85     $ 219     $ 27              
Source:
                                                     
Sales           3,982,000       17,500,000       1,960,789              
Refinancing           1,358,000                          
Operations                                    
Other                       39,211              
Amount (in percentage terms) remaining invested in program properties at the end of the last year reported in the Table (original total acquisition cost of properties retained divided by original total acquisition cost of all properties in program)     N/A       N/A       N/A       N/A       75.8%       45.1%  

(1) 2005 is for the period February 17, 2005 (Inception) through December 31, 2005.
(2) Divided tax and distribution data by the ((weighted average capital contributed, less distributions)/$1,000).
(3) 2010 is for the period January 1, 2010 through September 30, 2010.
(4) Represents the gain on extinguishment of debt and the recapture of losses in excess of the Fund’s investment in The Mansion on Peachtree, which were realized with the foreclosure of the project in February 2010.

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  Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC
Year Ended December 31,
     2007 (1)   2008   2009   Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2010 (3)
Gross revenues   $ 17,426     $ 105,591     $ 3,557,159     $ 6,066,210  
Profit on sale of properties   $     $     $ 4,997,636     $  
Interest income   $ 29,084     $ 365,788     $ 220,838     $ 704,785  
Gain on discounted loan purchase   $     $     $     $ 2,333,845  
Net gain on acquisition of property   $     $     $ 111,062     $  
Less:
                                   
Operating expenses   $ (1,508,572 )     $ (3,284,324 )     $ (5,582,907 )     $ (5,339,177 )  
Interest expense   $ (25,751 )     $ (521,340 )     $ (3,584,863 )     $ (5,413,217 )  
Depreciation and amortization   $ (21,554 )     $ (329,967 )     $ (2,831,484 )     $ (3,349,042 )  
Impairment of real estate assets   $     $     $ (27,552,496 )     $  
Income (loss) before equity in losses of unconsolidated entities and non-controlling interests   $ (1,509,367 )     $ (3,664,252 )     $ (30,665,055 )     $ (4,996,596 )  
Equity in earnings (losses) of unconsolidated entities   $ (61,403 )     $ (1,583,439 )     $ (969,765 )     $ (2,187,109 )  
Net income (loss) before amounts attributable to non-controlling interests   $ (1,570,770 )     $ (5,247,691 )     $ (31,634,820 )     $ (7,183,705 )  
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests   $ (5,586 )     $ (214,530 )     $ 2,273,958     $ (669,207 )  
Net income (loss) attributable to parent – GAAP basis   $ (1,565,184 )     $ (5,033,161 )     $ (33,908,778 )     $ (6,514,498 )  
Taxable income (loss):
                                   
from operations   $ (381,049 )     $ (1,516,178 )     $ (6,573,096 )       N/A  
from gain on sale               $ 3,413,052       N/A  
Cash generated (deficiency) from operations   $ (1,245,782 )     $ (3,363,448 )     $ (13,920,813 )     $ (6,071,126 )  
Cash generated (deficiency) from sales               $ 7,663,643        
Cash generated from refinancing                        
Cash generated from operations, sales and refinancing   $ (1,245,782 )     $ (3,363,448 )     $ (6,257,170 )     $ (6,071,126 )  
Less cash distributions to investors:
                                   
from operating cash flow                        
from sales and refinancing               $ (7,500,000 )        
from other                        
Cash generated (deficiency) after cash distributions   $ (1,245,782 )     $ (3,363,448 )     $ (13,757,170 )     $ (6,071,126 )  
Less: Special items                        
Cash generated (deficiency) after cash distributions and special items   $ (1,245,782 )     $ (3,363,448 )     $ (13,757,170 )     $ (6,071,126 )  
Tax and Distribution Data per $1,000 invested: (2)
                                   
Federal Income Tax Results:
                                   
Ordinary income (loss) – from operations   $ (55 )     $ (48 )     $ (119 )       N/A  
Capital gain (loss)               $ 62       N/A  
Cash Distributions to Investors Source (on GAAP basis):
                                   
Investment income                        
Return of capital               $ 137        
Source:
                                   
Sales               $ 7,500,000        
Refinancing                        
Operations                        
Other                        
Amount (in percentage terms) remaining invested in program properties at the end of the last year reported in the Table (original total acquisition cost of properties retained divided by original total acquisition cost of all properties in program)     N/A       N/A       91.7 %       91.7 %  

(1) 2007 is for the period February 22, 2007 (Inception) through December 31, 2007.
(2) Divided tax and distribution data by the ((weighted average capital contributed, less distributions)/$1,000).
(3) 2010 is for the period January 1, 2010 through September 30, 2010.

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  Williams Multifamily Acquisition Fund
Year Ended December 31,
     2007 (1)   2008   2009   Nine Months
Ended
September 30, 2010 (4)
Investment income   $ 15,645,003     $ 31,012,500     $ 32,366,305     $ 24,757,133  
Profit on sale of properties                        
Interest income   $ 92,770     $ 110,027     $ 2,366     $ 133  
Less:
                                   
Operating expenses   $ (11,607,513 )     $ (21,189,588 )     $ (20,753,298 )     $ (14,162,961 )  
Interest expense   $ (6,557,028 )     $ (11,975,428 )     $ (12,686,302 )     $ (9,479,080 )  
Depreciation and amortization (2)     N/A     $ (785,315 )     $ (572,071 )     $ (429,053 )  
Gain from insurance settlement   $ 571,627     $ 165,524       N/A       N/A  
Unrealized gain (loss) on loans   $ (2,335,300 )     $ 2,335,300       N/A       N/A  
Unrealized gain (loss) on real estate (2)   $ 10,991,466     $ (42,025,243 )     $ (68,623,546 )       N/A  
Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations (GAAP Basis)   $ 6,801,025     $ (42,352,223 )     $ (70,266,546 )     $ 686,172  
Taxable income:
                                   
from operations   $ (2,697,724 )     $ (4,821,847 )     $ (3,926,010 )       N/A  
from gain on sale                       N/A  
Cash generated (deficiency) from operations   $ (6,255,883 )     $ 656,946     $ (590,207 )     $ 1,726,243  
Cash generated (deficiency) from sales                        
Cash generated from refinancing                        
Cash generated from operations, sales and refinancing   $ (6,255,883 )     $ 656,946     $ (590,207 )     $ 1,726,243  
Less cash distributions to investors:
                                   
from operating cash flow                        
from sales and refinancing                        
from other                        
Cash generated (deficiency) after cash distributions   $ (6,255,883 )     $ 656,946     $ (590,207 )     $ 1,726,243  
Less: Special items                        
Cash generated (deficiency) after cash distributions and special items   $ (6,255,883 )     $ 656,946     $ (590,207 )     $ 1,726,243  
Tax and Distribution Data per $1,000 invested: (3)
                                   
Federal Income Tax Results:
                                   
Ordinary income (loss) – from operations   $ (34 )     $ (47 )     $ (32 )       N/A  
Capital gain (loss)                       N/A  
Cash distributions to investors source (on GAAP basis):
                                   
Investment income                        
Return of capital                        
Source:
                                   
Sales                        
Refinancing                        
Operations                        
Other                        
Amount (in percentage terms) remaining invested in program properties at the end of the last year reported in the Table (original total acquisition cost of properties retained divided by original total acquisition cost of all properties in program)     N/A       N/A       100%       100%  

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(1) 2007 is for the period April 1, 2007 (Inception) through December 31, 2007.
(2) The Williams Multifamily Acquisition Fund is a fair market value portfolio. The real estate assets are marked to market each year-end (Based on independent third-party appraisals). No depreciation is taken on the real estate assets.
(3) Divided tax and distribution data by the ((weighted average capital contributed, less distributions)/$1,000).
(4) 2010 is for the period January 1, 2010 through September 30, 2010.

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TABLE IV
  
RESULTS OF COMPLETED PROGRAMS OF THE SPONSOR AND HIS AFFILIATES

Not applicable.

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TABLE V
  
SALES OR DISPOSALS OF PROPERTIES

Not applicable.

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[GRAPHIC MISSING]

  
  
  

PREFERRED APARTMENT
COMMUNITIES, INC.


  
  
  
SHARES OF COMMON STOCK


  
  
  
P R O S P E C T U S

  
  
  

Wunderlich Securities

Anderson & Strudwick

Boenning & Scattergood

  
  

  
        , 2011

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. No dealer, salesperson or other person is authorized to make any representations other than those contained in this prospectus, and, if given or made, such information and representations must not be relied upon. This prospectus is not an offer to sell nor is it seeking an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. The information contained in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or any sale of these securities. You should not assume that the delivery of this prospectus or that any sale made pursuant to this prospectus implies that the information contained in this prospectus will remain fully accurate and correct as of any time subsequent to the date of this prospectus.

Until    , 2011 (25 days after the date of this prospectus), all dealers that effect transactions in our common stock, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to each dealer’s obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as an underwriter and with respect to any unsold allotments or subscriptions.

 

 


 
 

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PART II
  
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

Item 31. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution (assuming sale of maximum offering).

The following table sets forth the expenses (other than underwriting discounts and commissions) we will incur in connection with the issuance and distribution of the securities to be registered pursuant to this registration statement. All amounts other than the SEC registration fee and FINRA filing fee have been estimated.

 
SEC registration fee   $ 5,347.50  
FINRA filing fee   $ 7,500.00  
AMEX listing fee   $ 50,000.00  
Printing and mailing expenses   $ 120,000.00  
Blue sky filing fees and expenses   $ 10,000.00  
Legal fees and expenses   $ 1,720,000.00  
Accounting fees and expenses   $ 325,000.00  
Transfer agent and escrow fees   $ 4,625.00  
Miscellaneous   $ 757,527.50  
Total   $ 3,000,000.00  

Item 32. Sales to Special Parties.

None.

Item 33. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

On January 26, 2010, certain of our affiliates acquired 33,333 shares of Class B Common Stock in a private placement at a price per share equal to $3.00 per share of Class B Common Stock and 3,333 shares of Class A Common Stock in a private placement at a price per share equal to $3.00 per share of Class A Common Stock. The gross proceeds we received from selling our Class A Common Stock and our Class B Common Stock in this offering were approximately $109,998. No sales commissions or other consideration was paid in connection with such sales, which were consummated without registration under the Securities Act in reliance upon the exemption from registration in Section 4(2) of the Securities Act as transactions not involving any public offering. Pursuant to a change in the designation of our shares of Class A Common Stock to common stock and a change of each of our issued and outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock to one issued and outstanding share of common stock, all effected through an amendment to our charter filed on February 22, 2011, NELL Partners now holds 36,666 shares of common stock.

Immediately prior to the closing of the underwritten offering, we will complete the irrevocable private placement offering to WOF of 500,000 shares of our common stock, without payment of underwriting discounts and commissions by us. The purchase price for the shares of common stock will be at a price per share equal to the public offering price per share of common stock. As the assumed offering price of $10.00 per share, we will receive total gross proceeds of $5 million. This sale was consummated without registration under the Securities Act in reliance upon the exemption from registration in Section 4(2) of the Securities Act as transactions not involving any public offering.

We have agreed to issue to International Assets Advisory, LLC, our financial advisor, the financial advisor warrant to purchase up to 150,000 shares of our common stock. If the financial advisor exercises this warrant, the purchase price for each share of common stock is expected to be $12.50 per share (125% of the assumed price per share of the common stock sold in the underwritten offering). Neither the warrant nor the underlying shares of common stock to be issued upon the exercise of the warrant will be registered. This sale was consummated without registration under the Securities Act in reliance upon the exemption from registration in Section 4(2) of the Securities Act as transactions not involving any public offering.

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Item 34. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.

Maryland law permits us to include in our charter a provision limiting the liability of our directors and officers to our stockholders and us for money damages, except for liability resulting from (i) actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services, or (ii) active and deliberate dishonesty established by a final judgment and that is material to the cause of action. Our charter contains such a provision which eliminates directors’ and officers’ liability to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law.

The Maryland General Corporation Law requires us (unless our charter provides otherwise, which our charter does not) to indemnify a director or officer who has been successful in the defense of any proceeding to which he or she is made or threatened to be made a party by reason of his or her service in that capacity. The Maryland General Corporation Law allows directors and officers to be indemnified against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements and reasonable expenses actually incurred in a proceeding unless the following can be established:

an act or omission of the director or officer was material to the cause of action adjudicated in the proceeding and was committed in bad faith or was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty;
the director or officer actually received an improper personal benefit in money, property or services; or
with respect to any criminal proceeding, the director or officer had reasonable cause to believe his act or omission was unlawful.

A court may order indemnification if it determines that the director or officer is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnification, even though the director or officer did not meet the prescribed standard of conduct or was adjudged liable on the basis that personal benefit was improperly received. However, indemnification for an adverse judgment in a suit by the corporation or in its right, or for a judgment of liability on the basis that personal benefit was improperly received, is limited to expenses. The Maryland General Corporation Law permits a corporation to advance reasonable expenses to a director or officer upon receipt of a written affirmation by the director or officer of his or her good faith belief that he or she has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification and a written undertaking by him or her or on his or her behalf to repay the amount paid or reimbursed if it is ultimately determined that the standard of conduct was not met.

Our charter requires us, to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law, to indemnify and, without requiring a preliminary determination of the ultimate entitlement to indemnification, pay or reimburse reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding to any individual who is a present or former director or officer and who is made or threatened to be made a party to the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity or any individual who, while a director or officer of the Company and at the request of the Company, serves or served as a director, officer, partner, trustee, member or manager of another corporation, real estate investment trust, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise and who is made or threatened to be made a party to the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity. With the approval of our board of directors, we may provide such indemnification and advance of expenses to any individual who served a predecessor of the Company in any of the capacities described above and any employee or agent of the Company or a predecessor of the Company. This provision does not reduce the exposure of directors and officers to liability under federal or state securities laws, nor does it limit the stockholders’ ability to obtain injunctive relief or other equitable remedies for a violation of a director’s or an officer’s duties to us, although the equitable remedies may not be an effective remedy in some circumstances.

We also will agree to indemnify and hold harmless Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC and its affiliates performing services for us from specific claims and liabilities arising out of the performance of their obligations under the management agreement. As a result, our stockholders and we may be entitled to a more limited right of action than they and we would otherwise have if these indemnification rights were not included in the management agreement.

The general effect to investors of any arrangement under which we agree to insure or indemnify any persons against liability is a potential reduction in distributions resulting from our payment of premiums

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associated with insurance or indemnification payments in excess of amounts covered by insurance. In addition, indemnification could reduce the legal remedies available to our stockholders and us against the officers and directors.

Following completion of the offerings, we may enter into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and executive officers that would provide for indemnification to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law.

Item 35. Treatment of Proceeds from Stock Being Registered.

Not applicable.

Item 36. Financial Statements and Exhibits

(a) Financial Statements:

The following documents are filed as part of this registration statement:

Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc., Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2010, Consolidated Statement of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2010, Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the year ended December 31, 2010, Consolidated Statement of Shareholders' Equity for the year ended December 31, 2010, and Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, dated as of December 31, 2010.

(b) Exhibits:

The list of exhibits filed with or incorporated by reference in this Registration Statement is set forth in the Exhibit Index following the signature page herein.

Item 37. Undertakings

(a) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to provide to the underwriters at the closing specified in the underwriting agreement, certificates in such denominations and registered in such names as required by the underwriters to permit prompt delivery to each purchaser.

(b) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. If a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

(c) The undersigned Registrant hereby further undertakes that:

(1) For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance under Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the Registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4), or Rule 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective by the SEC.

(2) For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered herein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

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TABLE VI
  
ACQUISITIONS OF PROPERTIES BY PROGRAMS

The table below presents information concerning the acquisition of properties from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2010 by Williams Multifamily Acquisition Fund. No other programs have investment objectives similar to ours.

                 
                 
Property and Location   Type of
Property
  Number
of Units
  Closing
Date
  Mortgage
Financing
  Cash
Investment
(Equity)
  Acquisition
Cost
  Other Cash
Expenditures
Expensed
  Other Cash
Expenditures
Capitalized
  Total
Acquisition
Cost
Vinings Corner,
Atlanta, GA
    Apartment       360       Apr-07     $ 27,580,000     $ 13,677,262     $ 41,257,262     $     $     $ 41,257,262  
Mission Gate,
Dallas, TX
    Apartment       434       Apr-07     $ 26,400,000     $ 15,584,732     $ 41,984,732     $     $     $ 41,984,732  
Lake Cameron,
Raleigh, NC
    Apartment       328       Apr-07     $ 17,500,000     $ 8,262,270     $ 25,762,270     $     $     $ 25,762,270  
Matthews Reserve,
Charlotte, NC
    Apartment       212       Apr-07     $ 13,800,000     $ 5,927,050     $ 19,727,050     $     $     $ 19,727,050  
McNeil Ranch,
Austin, TX
    Apartment       192       Apr-07     $ 12,250,000     $ 7,998,712     $ 20,248,712     $     $     $ 20,248,712  
Central Park,
Orlando, FL
    Apartment       360       Apr-07     $ 22,355,000     $ 15,712,228     $ 38,067,228     $     $     $ 38,067,228  
Ashford Park,

Atlanta, GA
    Apartment       408       Sep-07     $ 38,700,000     $ 20,208,406     $ 58,908,406     $     $     $ 58,908,406  
City West,
Orlando, FL
    Apartment       300       Jan-08     $ 18,300,000     $ 10,811,298     $ 29,111,298     $     $     $ 29,111,298  
St. Marin,
Dallas, TX
    Apartment       600       Apr-08     $ 40,977,607     $ 23,481,794     $ 64,459,401     $     $     $ 64,459,401  

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all the requirements for filing on Form S-11 and has duly caused this Pre-Effective Amendment No. 6 to the Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in Atlanta, State of Georgia, on the 4 th day of March, 2011.

 
  PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES, INC.
    

By:

/s/ John A. Williams
Name: John A. Williams
Title:  President and Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

   
NAME   CAPACITY   DATE

By:

/s/ John A. Williams
John A. Williams

  President, Chief Executive Officer and
Director (Principal Executive Officer)
  March 4, 2011

By:

/s/ Michael J. Cronin
Michael J. Cronin

  Chief Accounting Officer and Treasurer
(Principal Financial Officer and
Principal Accounting Officer)
  March 4, 2011

By:

/s/ Leonard A. Silverstein
Leonard A. Silverstein

  Executive Vice President, General Counsel,
Secretary and Director
  March 4, 2011

By:

*
Gary B. Coursey

  Independent Director   March 4, 2011

*By:

 /s/ John A. Williams
John A. Williams
Attorney-in-fact

         

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EXHIBIT INDEX

The following exhibits are included, or incorporated by reference, in this registration statement on Form S-11 (and are numbered in accordance with Item 601 of Regulation S-K).

 
Exhibit
No.
  Description
 1.1     Form of Underwriting Agreement.
 3.1     Articles of Amendment and Restatement of Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
 3.2     Third Amended and Restated By-laws of Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
 4.1     Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, L.P.
 4.2     Amended and Restated Subscription Agreement dated as of February 28, 2011, among Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc., Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC, Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, L.P. and Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC
 4.3     Form of Registration Rights Agreement among Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. and Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC
 4.4 (2)   Amended and Restated Promissory Note given by Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. to Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC, dated December 31, 2010
 4.5 (2)   Amended and Restated Promissory Note given by Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. to Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC, dated December 31, 2010
 4.6 (2)   Amend and Restated Promissory Note given by Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. to Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC, dated December 31, 2010
 4.7     Form of Warrant to Purchase up to 150,000 Shares of common stock given by Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. to International Assets Advisory, LLC
 5.1     Opinion of Venable LLP
 8.1     Opinion of Proskauer Rose LLP as to tax matters.
10.1    Second Amended and Restated Management Agreement, dated February 28, 2011, among Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc., Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, L.P. and Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC
10.2    The Company’s 2011 Stock Incentive Plan
10.3 (2)   Trademark License and Assignment Agreement dated September 17, 2010, between Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. and Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC
10.4 (2)     Contract of Purchase and Sale, dated September 29, 2010, between Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. and Oxford Rise JV, LLC
10.5 (2)     Contract of Purchase and Sale, dated September 29, 2010, between Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. and Oxford Summit Partners, LLC
10.6 (2)   Assignment and Assumption of Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated October 19, 2010, between Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. and Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, L.P. (Oxford Rise)
10.7 (2)   Assignment and Assumption of Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated October 19, 2010, between Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. and Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, L.P. (Oxford Summit)
10.8 (2)     Form of Intellectual Property Assignment and License Agreement between Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC and Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
10.9    Form of Restricted Stock Agreement pursuant to the Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. 2010 Stock Incentive Plan

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Exhibit
No.
  Description
10.10 (2)   First Amendment to Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated December 14, 2010, between Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, L.P., as assignee of Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc., and Oxford Rise Partners LLC and Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC (Oxford Rise)
10.11 (2)   First Amendment to Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated December 14, 2010, between Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, L.P., as assignee of Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc., and Oxford Summit Development, LLC, and Williams Realty Fund I, LLC (Oxford Summit)
10.12 (2)   Second Amendment to Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated December 28, 2010, between Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, L.P., as assignee of Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc., and Oxford Rise Partners LLC and Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC (Oxford Rise)
10.13 (2)   Second Amendment to Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated December 28, 2010, between Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, L.P., as assignee of Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc., and Oxford Summit Development, LLC, and Williams Realty Fund I, LLC (Oxford Summit)
10.14   Third Amendment to Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated February 15, 2011, between Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, L.P., as assignee of Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc., and Oxford Rise Partners LLC and Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC (Oxford Rise)
10.15   Third Amendment to Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated February 15, 2011, between Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, L.P., as assignee of Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc., and Oxford Summit Development, LLC and Williams Realty Fund I, LLC (Oxford Summit)
21 (2)      Subsidiaries of Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
23.1     Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
23.2     Consent of Venable LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1)
23.3     Consent of Proskauer Rose LLP (included in Exhibit 8.1)
24 (2)      Power of Attorney
99      Amended and Restated Letter Agreement dated February 28, 2011, between Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC and Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC
99.2     Third Amended and Restated Letter Agreement, dated February 18, 2011, between Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. and International Assets Advisory, LLC
99.3 (2)   Consent of Daniel M. DuPree pursuant to Rule 438
99.4 (2)   Consent of Timothy A. Peterson pursuant to Rule 438
99.5 (2)   Consent of Steve Bartkowski pursuant to Rule 438
99.6 (2)   Consent of Gary B. Coursey pursuant to Rule 438
99.7 (2)   Consent of Howard A. McLure pursuant to Rule 438
99.8     Form of Lock-up Agreement with the Representatives of the Underwriters

(1) To be filed by amendment.
(2) Previously filed.

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PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES, INC.
Shares of Common Stock

FORM OF UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT

________________, 2011
 
Wunderlich Securities, Inc.
6000 Poplar Avenue
Suite 150
Memphis, Tennessee 38119
 
Anderson & Strudwick, Incorporated
707 East Main Street, 20th Floor
Richmond, Virginia 23219

As Representatives of the several Underwriters

Ladies and Gentlemen:

Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the “ Company ”), Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (the “ Operating Partnership ” and, together with the Company, the “ REIT Entities ”), and Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Advisor” and, collectively with the REIT Entities, the “ Transaction Entities ”) confirm their respective agreement with each of the Underwriters listed on Schedule I (collectively, the “ Underwriters ”), for whom Wunderlich Securities, Inc. and Anderson & Strudwick, Incorporated (“ A&S ”) are acting as representatives (in such capacity, the “ Representatives ”), with respect to (i) the sale by the Company of up to 4,500,000 shares of Common Stock , of which up to 650,000 shares of Common Stock are being offered to Williams Realty Fund I, LLC and up to 250,000 shares of Common Stock may be offered to Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC through the Company's directed share program without payment of underwriting discounts and commissions by the Company (the “ Initial Shares ”), par value $.01 per share, of the Company (the “ Common Shares ”), and the purchase by the Underwriters, acting severally and not jointly, of the respective number of Initial Shares set forth opposite the names of the Underwriters in Schedule I hereto, and (ii) the grant of the option described in Section 1(b) to purchase all or any part of 675,000 additional Common Shares to cover over-allotments (the “ Option Shares ”), if any, from the Company to the Underwriters, acting severally and not jointly, in proportion to the number of Initial Shares set forth opposite the names of the Underwriters in Schedule I hereto.  The Initial Shares to be purchased by the Underwriters and all or any part of the Option Shares subject to the option described in Section l(b) are hereinafter called, collectively, the “ Shares .”

The Transaction Entities understand that the Underwriters propose to make a public offering of the Shares as soon as the Underwriters deem advisable after this Agreement has been executed and delivered.

Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein shall have the respective meanings given to those terms in the Prospectus (as herein defined).

 
 

 

The Company has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “ Commission ”) a registration statement on Form S-11 (No. 333-168407), including the related preliminary prospectus or prospectuses, covering the registration of the sale of the Shares under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “ Securities Act ”).  Promptly after execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Company will prepare and file a prospectus in accordance with the provisions of Rule 430A (“ Rule 430A ”) of the rules and regulations of the Commission under the Securities Act (the “ Securities Act Regulations ”) and Rule 424(b) (“ Rule 424(b) ”) of the Securities Act Regulations.  The information included in such prospectus that was omitted from the registration statement at the time it became effective but that is deemed to be part of the registration statement at the time it became effective pursuant to Rule 430A(b) is referred to as “ Rule 430A Information .”  The registration statement, including the amendments thereto, the exhibits and any schedules thereto, at the time it became effective, and including the Rule 430A Information, is herein called the “ Registration Statement .”  Any registration statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act Regulations is herein referred to as the “ Rule 462(b) Registration Statement ” and, after such filing, the term “ Registration Statement ” shall include the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement.  Each prospectus used prior to the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, and any prospectus that omitted the Rule 430A Information that was used after such effectiveness and prior to the execution and delivery of this Agreement, is herein called a “ preliminary prospectus .”  The final prospectus in the form first furnished to the Underwriters for use in connection with the offering of the Shares is herein called the “ Prospectus .”  For purposes of this Agreement, all references to the Registration Statement, any preliminary prospectus, the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement to any of the foregoing shall be deemed to include the copy filed with the Commission pursuant to its Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval system (“ EDGAR ”).  For purposes of this Agreement, the following shall have the meaning ascribed to them:

General Disclosure Package ” shall mean collectively, (i) the preliminary prospectus dated March 4, 2011 that is generally distributed to investors and used to offer the Shares, (ii) the Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses (defined below), if any, set forth in Schedule II hereto (iii) any other Free Writing Prospectus (defined below), if any, set forth in Schedule II hereto that the parties hereto shall hereafter expressly agree in writing to treat as part of the General Disclosure Package, and (iv) the pricing information and other information, if any, set forth in Schedule II hereto.

Free Writing Prospectus ” shall mean a free writing prospectus as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

Issuer Free Writing Prospectus ” shall mean an issuer free writing prospectus, as defined in Rule 433 (“ Rule 433 ”) of the Securities Act.

The Company and the Underwriters agree that up to 2.0% of the Shares to be purchased by the Underwriters (the “ Reserved Shares ”) shall be reserved for sale by the Underwriters to certain eligible employees and persons having business relationships with the Company (the “ Invitees ”), as part of the distribution of the Shares by the Underwriters, subject to the terms of this Agreement, the applicable rules, regulations and interpretations of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“ FINRA ”) and all other applicable laws, rules and regulations. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company and the Underwriters hereby agree that the 650,000 shares of Common Stock offered to Williams Realty Fund I, LLC and the 250,000 shares of Common Stock that may be offered to Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC through the Company's directed share program will not reduce the number of Reserved Shares available for sale by the Underwriters. To the extent that such Reserved Shares are not orally confirmed for purchase by Invitees by the end of the first business day after the date of this Agreement, such Reserved Shares may be offered to the public as part of the offering of Shares contemplated hereby.

 
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Concurrently with or immediately prior to the Closing Date (as hereinafter defined), the Company will have completed the formation transactions described in the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus.  As part of these transactions, (i) the Underwriters will purchase the Initial Shares and offer them in a public offering as contemplated hereunder, (ii) the Transaction Entities will enter into the Management Agreement (the “ Management Agreement ”), (iii) the Company will contribute a portion of the proceeds of the offering to the Operating Partnership in exchange for units of limited partner interest in the Operating Partnership (the “ Operating Partnership Units ”) and (iv) the Company will enter into a registration rights agreement with the Private Placement Purchaser (as defined below) in the concurrent private placement (the “ Registration Rights Agreement ”) (the foregoing transactions, as more particularly described in the Prospectus, are referred to herein as the “ Formation Transactions ”).

The Company and Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC (the “ Private Placement Purchaser ”) entered into a subscription agreement (the “ Private Placement Agreement ” and together with this Agreement, the Management Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement and the Operating Partnership Agreement, the “ Operative Documents ”) pursuant to which the Company has agreed to sell to the Private Placement Purchaser and the Private Placement Purchaser, has agreed to purchase from the Company, at a purchase price per share equal to the purchase price per share set forth in Section 1(a) , 500,000 shares of Common Shares (the “ Private Placement Shares ”).

The Transaction Entities and the Underwriters agree as follows:

1.            Sale and Purchase .

(a)          Initial Shares .  Upon the basis of the warranties and representations and other terms and conditions herein set forth, at the purchase price per share of $10.00, the Company agrees to sell to the Underwriters the Initial Shares and each Underwriter agrees, severally and not jointly, to purchase from the Company the number of Initial Shares set forth in Schedule I hereto opposite such Underwriter’s name, plus any additional number of Initial Shares which such Underwriter may become obligated to purchase pursuant to the provisions of Section 10 , subject in each case, to such adjustments among the Underwriters as the Representatives in their sole discretion shall make to eliminate any sales or purchases of fractional shares.
 
 
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(b)          Option Shares .  In addition, upon the basis of the warranties and representations and other terms and conditions herein set forth, at the purchase price per share set forth in Section 1(a) , the Company hereby grants an option to the Underwriters, acting severally and not jointly, to purchase the Option Shares in proportion to the number of Initial Shares set forth opposite the names of the Underwriters in Schedule I hereto, plus any additional number of Option Shares which such Underwriter may become obligated to purchase pursuant to the provisions of Section 10 .  The option hereby granted will expire 30 days after the date hereof and may be exercised in whole or in part from time to time (but not more than twice) only for the purpose of covering over-allotments which may be made in connection with the offering and distribution of the Initial Shares upon notice by the Representatives to the Company setting forth the number of Option Shares as to which the several Underwriters are then exercising the option and the time and date of payment and delivery for such Option Shares.  Any such time and date of delivery (a “ Date of Delivery ”) shall be determined by the Representatives, but shall not be later than three full business days (or earlier, without the consent of the Company, than two full business days) after the exercise of said option, nor in any event prior to the Closing Date, as hereinafter defined.  If the option is exercised as to all or any portion of the Option Shares, the Company will sell to each Underwriter the proportion of the total number of Option Shares then being purchased which the number of Initial Shares set forth in Schedule I hereto opposite the name of such Underwriter bears to the total number of Initial Shares, and each of the Underwriters, acting severally and not jointly, will purchase that proportion of the total number of Option Shares then being purchased which the number of Initial Shares set forth in Schedule I hereto opposite the name of such Underwriter bears to the total number of Initial Shares, subject in each case to such adjustments among the Underwriters as the Representatives in their sole discretion shall make to eliminate any sales or purchases of fractional shares.  The Underwriters may from time to time increase or decrease the public offering price of the Option Shares after the initial public offering to such extent as the Underwriters may determine.

2.            Payment and Delivery .  Payment of the purchase price for, and delivery of certificates for or book-entry credits representing, the Initial Shares shall be made at the offices of Hirschler Fleischer, A Professional Corporation, 2100 East Cary Street, Richmond, Virginia 23223-7078, or at such other place as shall be agreed upon by the Representatives and the Company, at 9:00 A.M.  (New York City time) on the third (fourth, if the pricing occurs after 4:30 P.M.  (New York City time) on any given day) business day after the date hereof, or such other time not later than ten business days after such date as shall be agreed upon by the Representatives and the Company (such time and date of payment and delivery being herein called the “ Closing Date ”).

In addition, in the event that any or all of the Option Shares are purchased by the Underwriters, payment of the purchase price for, and delivery of certificates for or book-entry credits representing, such Option Shares shall be made at the above-mentioned offices, or at such other place as shall be agreed upon by the Representatives and the Company, on each Date of Delivery as specified in the notice from the Representatives to the Company.

Payment shall be made to the Company by wire transfer of immediately available funds to a bank account designated by the Company against delivery to the Representatives for the respective accounts of the Underwriters of certificates for or book-entry credits representing the Shares to be purchased by them.  It is understood that each Underwriter has authorized each Representative, for its account, to accept delivery of, receipt for, and make payment of the purchase price for, the Initial Shares and the Option Shares, if any, which it has agreed to purchase.

3.            Representations and Warranties by the Transaction Entities .   Each of the Transaction Entities, jointly and severally, represents and warrants to each Underwriter as of the date hereof, the Closing Date and any Date of Delivery, and agrees with each Underwriter, as follows:

 
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(a)          Registration Statement and Prospectuses .  Each of the Registration Statement, any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment and supplement thereto has become effective under the Securities Act and no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto has been issued under the Securities Act, no order preventing or suspending the use of any preliminary prospectus or the Prospectus has been issued and no proceedings for those purposes have been instituted or are pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, contemplated.  Any request on the part of the Commission for additional information has been complied with.

Each of the Registration Statement, any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment and supplement thereto, at the time it became effective, at the Closing Date and at each Date of Delivery, complied and will comply in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations.  Each preliminary prospectus (including the preliminary prospectus filed as part of the Registration Statement as originally filed or as part of any amendment thereto), at the time it was filed, complied in all material respects with the Securities Act Regulations and each preliminary prospectus included in the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus delivered to the Underwriters for use in connection with this offering of Shares was identical to the electronically transmitted copies thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR, except to the extent permitted by Regulation S-T of the Securities Act.  The Prospectus, any preliminary prospectus and any supplement thereto or prospectus wrapper prepared in connection therewith, at their respective times of issuance and at the Closing Date, complied and will comply in all material respects with any applicable laws or regulations of foreign jurisdictions in which the Prospectus and any such preliminary prospectus, as amended or supplemented, if applicable, are distributed in connection with the offer and sale of Reserved Shares.

(b)          Accurate Disclosure .  None of the Registration Statement, any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment and supplement thereto, at the respective times the Registration Statement, any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement and any post-effective amendments and supplements thereto became effective, at the Closing Date and at each Date of Delivery, contained, contains or will contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted, omits or will omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading.  Neither the Prospectus nor any amendment or supplement thereto (including any prospectus wrapper), as of its date, at the time of any filing pursuant to Rule 424(b), at the Closing Date and at each Date of Delivery, included, includes or will include an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted, omits or will omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.  As of the date hereof, at the Closing Date and at each Date of Delivery, neither (i) the General Disclosure Package nor (ii) any individual Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, when considered together with the General Disclosure Package, included, includes or will include any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted, omits or will omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.  The representations, warranties and agreements in Sections 3(a) , 3(b) , 3(c) and 3(uu) shall not apply to statements in or omissions from the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto), including the Rule 430A Information, the General Disclosure Package , any individual Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or the Prospectus made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by any Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use therein.  For purposes of this Agreement, the only information so furnished shall be the information under the heading “Underwriting” in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus (collectively, the “ Underwriter Information ”).

 
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(c)          Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses .  No Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, if any, conflicts or will conflict with the information contained in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, and any preliminary or other prospectus deemed to be a part thereof that has not been superseded or modified.  Each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, if any, conformed or will conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations on the date of first use, and the Company has complied with any filing requirements applicable to such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus pursuant to the Securities Act Regulations.  The Company has not made any offer relating to the Shares that would constitute an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus without the prior written consent of the Representatives, provided that such consent is deemed to have been given with respect to each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus identified on Schedule II hereto.  The Company has retained in accordance with the Securities Act Regulations all Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses that were not required to be filed pursuant to the Securities Act Regulations.

(d)          Company Not Ineligible Issuer .  At the time of filing the Registration Statement, any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement and any post-effective amendments thereto and at the date hereof, the Company was not and is not an “ineligible issuer,” as defined in Rule 405 (“ Rule 405 ”) of the Securities Act Regulations, without taking account of any determination by the Commission pursuant to Rule 405 that it is not necessary that the Company be considered an ineligible issuer.

(e)          Independent Accountants .  The accountants who certified the financial statements and supporting schedules included in the Registration Statement are independent public accountants with respect to the Company as required by the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations.
 
 
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(f)          Financial Statements; Non-GAAP Financial Measures .  The financial statements included in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, together with the related schedules and notes, present fairly in all material respects the financial position of the entities purported to be shown thereby (including the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries) at the dates indicated and the statement of operations, stockholders’ equity and cash flows of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries for the periods specified; said financial statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“ GAAP ”) applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods involved.  The supporting schedules, if any, present fairly in all material respects in accordance with GAAP the information required to be stated therein.  The selected financial data and the summary financial information included in the Prospectus present fairly in all material respects the information shown therein and have been compiled on a basis consistent with that of the audited financial statements included in the Registration Statement.  The pro forma financial statements and the related notes thereto included in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus present fairly in all material respects the information shown therein, have been prepared in all material respects in accordance with the Commission’s rules and guidelines with respect to pro forma financial statements and have been properly compiled on the bases described therein, and subject to such rules and guidelines, the assumptions used in the preparation thereof are reasonable and the adjustments used therein are appropriate to give effect to the transactions and circumstances referred to therein.  Except as included therein, no historical or pro forma financial statements or supporting schedules are required to be included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus under the Securities Act or the Securities Act Regulations.  All disclosures contained in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus regarding “non-GAAP financial measures” (as such term is defined by the rules and regulations of the Commission) comply in all material respects with Regulation G of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “ Exchange Act ”) and Item 10 of Regulation S-K of the Securities Act, to the extent applicable.

(g)          No Material Adverse Change in Business .  Since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, except as otherwise stated therein, (i) there has been no material adverse change, whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business, in or affecting any of the properties described in the Prospectus as owned, leased or under contract by the Company or its Subsidiaries (the “ Properties ”) or in the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business affairs or business prospects of the Company and its Subsidiaries considered as one enterprise (a “ Material Adverse Effect ”), (ii) there have been no transactions entered into by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, other than those in the ordinary course of business, which are material with respect to the Company and its Subsidiaries considered as one enterprise, and (iii) there has been no dividend or distribution of any kind declared, paid or made by any of the Transaction Entities on any class of its capital stock, Operating Partnership Units or other form of ownership interests.

(h)          Good Standing of the Company .  The Company has been duly organized and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the State of Maryland and has corporate power and authority to own, lease, and operate its Properties and to conduct its business as described in the Prospectus and to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement, the other Operative Documents and the various other agreements required thereunder to which it is a party; and the Company is duly qualified as a foreign corporation to transact business and is in good standing in each other jurisdiction in which such qualification is required, whether by reason of the ownership or leasing of property or the conduct of business, except for such jurisdictions where the failure so to qualify or to be in good standing would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
 
 
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(i)           Good Standing of Operating Partnership .  The Operating Partnership has been duly formed and is validly existing as a limited partnership in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware, is duly qualified to do business and is in good standing as a foreign limited partnership in each jurisdiction in which its ownership or lease of property and other assets or the conduct of its business requires such qualification, except where the failure to so qualify would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, and has all power and authority necessary to own or hold its properties and other assets, to conduct the business in which it is engaged and to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement, the other Operative Documents and the various other agreements required thereunder to which it is a party.  At the Closing Date, the Company will be the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership.  At the Closing Date, the Agreement of Limited Partnership of the Operating Partnership in the form provided to the Representatives prior to the date hereof (the “ Operating Partnership Agreement ”), will be in full force and effect, and the aggregate percentage interests of the Company and the limited partners in the Operating Partnership will be as set forth in the Prospectus; provided that to the extent any portion of the Underwriter’s option to purchase the Option Shares is exercised at the Closing Date, the percentage interest of such partners in the Operating Partnership will be adjusted accordingly.  Additionally, to the extent any portion of such overallotment option is exercised subsequent to the Closing Date, the Company will contribute the net proceeds from the sale of the Option Shares to the Operating Partnership in exchange for a number of Operating Partnership Units equal to the number of Option Shares issued.

(j)           Good Standing of the Advisor .  The Advisor has been duly organized and is validly existing as a limited liability company in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware and has corporate power and authority to conduct its business as described in the Prospectus and to enter into and perform its obligations (i) under this Agreement and the other Operative Documents to which it is a party and (ii) in connection with the Formation Transactions; and the Advisor is duly qualified as a foreign corporation to transact business and is in good standing in each other jurisdiction in which such qualification is required, except for such jurisdictions where the failure so to qualify or to be in good standing would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

(k)          Good Standing of Subsidiaries .  Each “significant subsidiary” of the Company (as such term is defined in Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X of the Securities Act) (after giving effect to the Formation Transactions) (each a “ Subsidiary ” and, collectively, the “ Subsidiaries ”) has been duly organized and is validly existing in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization, has corporate or similar power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business as described in the Prospectus and is duly qualified to transact business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is required, whether by reason of the ownership or leasing of property or the conduct of business, except where the failure to so qualify or to be in good standing would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect; except as otherwise disclosed in the Prospectus, all of the issued and outstanding capital stock or equity interests of each such Subsidiary has been duly authorized and validly issued, is fully paid and non-assessable and is owned by the Company, directly or through subsidiaries, free and clear of any material security interest, mortgage, pledge, lien, encumbrance, claim or equity; none of the outstanding shares of capital stock of any Subsidiary was issued in violation of the preemptive or similar rights of any securityholder of such Subsidiary.  The only Subsidiaries of the Company are the subsidiaries listed on Exhibit 21 to the Registration Statement.

 
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(l)           Capitalization .  The authorized, issued and outstanding capital stock of the Company is as set forth in the Prospectus under the caption “Capitalization” (except for subsequent issuances, if any, pursuant to this Agreement, pursuant to reservations, agreements or employee benefit plans referred to in the Prospectus or pursuant to the exercise of convertible or exchangeable securities or options referred to in the Prospectus).  The shares of issued and outstanding capital stock have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and non-assessable; and none of the outstanding shares of capital stock was issued in violation of the preemptive or other similar rights of any securityholder of the Company.  Except as disclosed in the Prospectus, (i) other than with respect to the Operating Partnership Units disclosed in the Prospectus, no shares of capital stock of the Company are reserved for any purpose, (ii) except for the Operating Partnership Units, there are no outstanding securities convertible into or exchangeable for any shares of capital stock of the Company, and (iii) there are no outstanding options, rights (preemptive or otherwise) or warrants to purchase or subscribe for shares of capital stock or any other securities of the Company.

(m)          Authorization and Description of Operating Partnership Units.   The Operating Partnership Units to be issued in the Formation Transactions have been duly authorized for issuance by the Operating Partnership and its general partner and, at the Closing Date, will be validly issued.  The issuance and sale by the Operating Partnership of the Operating Partnership Units in connection with the Formation Transactions are exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act and applicable state securities and blue sky laws, and are not in violation of the preemptive or other similar rights of any security holder of the Operating Partnership.  Except as disclosed in the Prospectus, no Operating Partnership Units are reserved for any purpose and there are no outstanding securities convertible into or exchangeable for any Operating Partnership Units and no outstanding options, rights (preemptive or otherwise) or warrants to purchase or subscribe for Operating Partnership Units or other securities of the Operating Partnership.  The terms of the Operating Partnership Units conform in all material respects to statements and descriptions related thereto contained in each of the Prospectus.

(n)          Authorization of Agreement .  This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by each of the Transaction Entities.

(o)          Authorization and Enforceability of Operative Documents .  (i) At or prior to the Closing Date, the Operating Partnership Agreement will have been duly and validly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company and the Operating Partnership (and, to the knowledge of the Transaction Entities, by each other party thereto) and will be a valid and binding agreement of the Company and the Operating Partnership (and, to the knowledge of the Transaction Entities, of each other party thereto), enforceable against the Company and the Operating Partnership (and, to the knowledge of the Transaction Entities, against each other party thereto) in accordance with its terms; (ii) at or prior to the Closing Date, the Management Agreement will have been duly and validly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company, the Operating Partnership and the Advisor and will be a valid and binding agreement of the Company, the Operating Partnership and the Advisor, enforceable against the Company, the Operating Partnership and the Advisor in accordance with its terms; and (iii) the Private Placement Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company (and, to the knowledge of the Company, by each other party thereto) and is a valid and binding agreement of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms; except in each case as enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent conveyance, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and remedies generally, and subject, as to enforceability, to general principles of equity and, with respect to equitable relief, the discretion of the court before which any proceeding therefor may be brought (regardless of whether enforcement is sought in a proceeding at law or in equity), and with respect to indemnification or contribution thereunder, except as rights may be limited by applicable law or policies underlying such law.

 
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(p)          Authorization and Description of Shares .  The Shares to be purchased by the Underwriters and the Private Placement Shares have been duly authorized for issuance and sale to the Underwriters or the Private Placement Purchaser, respectively, pursuant to this Agreement or the Private Placement Agreement, as applicable, and, when (i) the Shares have been issued and delivered by the Company pursuant to this Agreement against payment of the consideration set forth herein and (ii) the Private Placement Shares have been issued and delivered by the Company pursuant to the Private Placement Agreement against payment of the consideration set forth therein, such Shares and Private Placement Shares, as applicable, will be validly issued and fully paid and non-assessable.  The issuance and sale by the Company of the Private Placement Shares at or prior to the Closing Date are exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act and applicable state securities and blue sky laws.  The Common Shares conform in all material respects to all statements relating thereto contained in the Prospectus and such description conforms in all material respects to the rights set forth in the instruments defining the same; and no holder of the Shares will be subject to personal liability by reason of being such a holder.  The certificates to be used to evidence the Shares will, at the Closing Date, be in due and proper form and will comply in all material respects with all applicable legal requirements, the requirements of the charter and bylaws of the Company and the requirements of the NYSE Amex.  The issuance of the Shares and the Private Placement Shares is not subject to any preemptive or other similar rights of any securityholder of the Company.

(q)         Registration Rights .  There are no persons with registration rights or other similar rights to have any securities registered pursuant to the Registration Statement or otherwise registered by any of the Transaction Entities under the Securities Act, other than pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement.

(r)          [Reserved]
 
 
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(s)          Absence of Defaults and Conflicts .  None of the Transaction Entities, nor any of their Subsidiaries (i) is in violation of its charter, by-laws, certificate of limited partnership, agreement of limited partnership or similar organizational document or (ii) is in default in the performance or observance of any obligation, agreement, covenant or condition contained in any contract, indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan or credit agreement, note, lease or other agreement or instrument to which any of the Transaction Entities or any of their Subsidiaries is a party or by which it or any of them may be bound, or to which any of the Properties or any other properties or assets of the Transaction Entities or any of their Subsidiaries is subject (collectively, “ Agreements and Instruments ”), except for such defaults that would not reasonably be expected to result, singly or in the aggregate, in a Material Adverse Effect.  The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the other Operative Documents and the consummation of the transactions contemplated herein and in the Registration Statement (including the issuance and sale of the Shares and the Private Placement Shares and the use of the proceeds from the sale of the Shares as described in the General Disclosure Package and Prospectus under the caption “Use of Proceeds”) and compliance by the Transaction Entities with their obligations hereunder and thereunder have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate or limited partnership action, as applicable, and do not and will not, whether with or without the giving of notice or passage of time or both, conflict with or constitute a breach of, or default or Repayment Event (as defined below) under, or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Transaction Entities or any Subsidiary pursuant to, the Agreements and Instruments (except for such conflicts, breaches, defaults or Repayment Events or liens, charges or encumbrances that would not reasonably be expected to result, singly or in the aggregate, in a Material Adverse Effect).  No such action will result in any violation of (A) the provisions of the charter, by-laws, certificate of limited partnership, agreement of limited partnership or similar organizational document of any of the Transaction Entities or any of their Subsidiaries or (B) any applicable law, statute, rule, regulation, judgment, order, writ or decree of any government, government instrumentality or court, domestic or foreign, having jurisdiction over the Transaction Entities or any of their Subsidiaries or any of their assets, properties or operations, except in the case of clause (B) only, for any such violation that would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.  As used herein, a “ Repayment Event ” means any event or condition which gives the holder of any note, debenture or other evidence of indebtedness (or any person acting on such holder’s behalf) the right to require the repurchase, redemption or repayment of all or a portion of such indebtedness by the Transaction Entities or any of their Subsidiaries.

(t)           [Reserved]

 
(u)         Absence of Proceedings .  Except as disclosed in the Prospectus, there is no action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation pending, or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened, against or affecting the Transaction Entities or any of its Subsidiaries, which is required to be disclosed in the Registration Statement (other than as disclosed therein), or which would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, or which would reasonably be expected to materially and adversely affect the consummation of the transactions contemplated in this Agreement or the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder; and the aggregate of all pending legal or governmental proceedings to which the Company or any such Subsidiary is a party or of which any of their respective property or assets is the subject which are not described in the Prospectus, including ordinary routine litigation incidental to the business, would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

(v)          [Reserved]

(w)          Accuracy of Exhibits .  There are no contracts or documents that are required to be filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement pursuant to the Securities Act Regulations that have not been so filed as required.

 
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(x)          No Finder’s Fee .  Except for the Underwriters’ discounts and commissions payable by the Company to the Underwriters in connection with the offering of the Shares contemplated herein or as otherwise disclosed in the Prospectus and except for any fees payable in connection with the engagement of International Assets Advisory, LLC pursuant to the letter agreements between the Company and International Assets Advisory, LLC, and A&S and International Assets Advisory, LLC, respectively, none of the Transaction Entities has incurred any liability for any brokerage commission, finder’s fees or similar payments in connection with the offering of the Shares contemplated hereby.

(y)          Absence of Further Requirements .  No filing with, or authorization, approval, consent, license, order, registration, qualification or decree of, any court or governmental authority or agency is necessary or required for the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder, in connection with the offering, issuance or sale of the Shares hereunder or the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, or under the Operative Documents, except (i) such as have been already obtained under the Securities Act, the Securities Act Regulations, the rules of the NYSE Amex, state securities laws or the rules of FINRA and (ii) such as have been obtained under the laws and regulations of jurisdictions outside the United States in which the Reserved Shares are offered.

(z)          Possession of Licenses and Permits .  Except as described in the Prospectus, each of the Transaction Entities and their Subsidiaries possess such permits, licenses, approvals, consents and other authorizations (collectively, “ Governmental Licenses ”) issued by the appropriate federal, state, local or foreign regulatory agencies or bodies necessary under applicable law to conduct the business now operated by them, except where the failure so to possess would not reasonably be expected to result, singly or in the aggregate, in a Material Adverse Effect; each of the Transaction Entities and their Subsidiaries are in compliance with the terms and conditions of all such Governmental Licenses, except where the failure so to comply would not reasonably be expected to result, singly or in the aggregate, in a Material Adverse Effect; all of the Governmental Licenses are valid and in full force and effect, except when the invalidity of such Governmental Licenses or the failure of such Governmental Licenses to be in full force and effect would not reasonably be expected to result, singly or in the aggregate, in a Material Adverse Effect; and, except as described in the Prospectus, none of the Transaction Entities nor any of their Subsidiaries has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any such Governmental Licenses that, singly or in the aggregate, if the subject of an unfavorable decision, ruling or finding, would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
 
 
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(aa)        Title to Property .  (i) At the Closing Date, the Operating Partnership or a Subsidiary thereof will have good and marketable title (fee or, in the case of ground leases and as disclosed in the Prospectus, leasehold) to each Property, free and clear of all mortgages, pledges, liens, claims, security interests, restrictions or encumbrances of any kind, except such as (A) are described in the Prospectus or (B) do not, singly or in the aggregate, materially affect the value of such Property and do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such Property by the Transaction Entities or any of their Subsidiaries; (ii) neither the Transaction Entities nor any of their Subsidiaries owns any real property other than the Properties; (iii) each of the ground leases and subleases of real property, if any, material to the business of the Transaction Entities and their Subsidiaries, considered as one enterprise, and under which the Transaction Entities or any of their Subsidiaries holds Properties described in the Prospectus, is in full force and effect, with such exceptions as are not material and do not materially interfere with the use made or proposed to be made of such real property by any of the Transaction Entities or any of their Subsidiaries, and none of the Transaction Entities nor any of their Subsidiaries has any notice of any material claim of any sort that has been asserted by any ground lessor or sublessor under a ground lease or sublease threatening the rights of the Transaction Entities or any of their Subsidiaries to the continued possession of the leased or subleased premises under any such ground lease or sublease; (iv) no tenant under any of the leases at the Properties has a right of first refusal to purchase the premises demised under such lease; (v) each of the Properties complies with all applicable codes, laws and regulations (including, without limitation, building and zoning codes, laws and regulations and laws relating to access to the Properties), except if and to the extent disclosed in the Prospectus, and except for such failures to comply that would not reasonably be expected to result, singly or in the aggregate, in a Material Adverse Effect; (vi) except if and to the extent disclosed in the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, no Transaction Entity has knowledge of any pending or threatened condemnation proceedings, zoning change or other proceeding or action that will materially affect the use or value of any of the Properties; and (vii) the mortgages and deeds of trust that encumber the Properties are not convertible into equity securities of the entity owning such Property and said mortgages and deeds of trust are not cross-defaulted or cross-collateralized with any property other than other Properties.

(bb)       Utilities .  To the knowledge of the Transaction Entities, water, stormwater, sanitary sewer, electricity and telephone service are all available at the property lines of each Property over duly dedicated streets or perpetual easements of record benefiting the applicable Property.

(cc)        Possession of Intellectual Property .  The Transaction Entities and their Subsidiaries own or possess, or can acquire on reasonable terms, adequate patents, patent rights, licenses, inventions, copyrights, know-how (including trade secrets and other unpatented and/or unpatentable proprietary or confidential information, systems or procedures), trademarks, service marks, trade names or other intellectual property (collectively, “ Intellectual Property ”) reasonably necessary to conduct the business now operated by them. None of the Transaction Entities nor any of their Subsidiaries has received any notice or is otherwise aware of any infringement of or conflict with asserted rights of others with respect to any Intellectual Property or of any facts or circumstances that would render any Intellectual Property invalid or inadequate to protect the interest of the Transaction Entities or any of their Subsidiaries therein, and which infringement or conflict (if the subject of any unfavorable decision, ruling or finding) or invalidity or inadequacy, singly or in the aggregate, would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
 
 
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(dd)        Environmental Laws .  Except as described in the Prospectus and except as would not reasonably be expected to result, singly or in the aggregate, in a Material Adverse Effect, (i) none of the Transaction Entities nor any of their Subsidiaries is in violation of any federal, state, local or foreign statute, law, rule, regulation, ordinance, code, policy or rule of common law or any judicial or administrative interpretation thereof, including any judicial or administrative order, consent, decree or judgment, relating to pollution or protection of human health, the environment (including, without limitation, ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata) or wildlife, including, without limitation, laws and regulations relating to the release or threatened release of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, wastes, toxic substances, hazardous substances, petroleum or petroleum products, asbestos-containing materials or mold (collectively, “ Hazardous Materials ”) or to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of Hazardous Materials (collectively, “ Environmental Laws ”), (ii) the Transaction Entities and their Subsidiaries have all Governmental Licenses required under any applicable Environmental Laws and are each in compliance with their requirements, (iii) there are no pending or threatened administrative, regulatory or judicial actions, suits, demands, demand letters, claims, liens, notices of noncompliance or violation, investigation or proceedings relating to any Environmental Law against any of the Transaction Entities or any of their Subsidiaries, and (iv) there are no events or circumstances that would reasonably be expected to form the basis of an order for clean-up or remediation, or an action, suit or proceeding by any private party or governmental body or agency, against or affecting the Company or any of its Subsidiaries relating to Hazardous Materials or any Environmental Laws.

(ee)         Accounting Controls and Disclosure Controls .  The Company and each of its Subsidiaries (i) have taken all necessary actions to ensure that, within the time period required, the Company and its Subsidiaries will maintain effective internal control over financial reporting (as defined under Rule 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the rules and regulations of the Commission under the Exchange Act (the “ Exchange Act Regulations ”)), and (ii) currently maintain a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurances that (A) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; (B) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain accountability for assets; (C) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; and (D) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences.  Except as described in the Prospectus, since the Company’s inception, there has been no material weakness in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (whether or not remediated).  The Company’s auditors and the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company, or if no such Audit Committee exists, the full Board of Directors of the Company, have been advised of: (1) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting that have adversely affected or are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and (2) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting.  The Company and its Subsidiaries have established a system of disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15 and Rule 15d-15 under the Exchange Act Regulations) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules and forms, and is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its principal executive officer or officers and principal financial officer or officers, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding disclosure.

 
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(ff)         Compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act .  The Company has taken all necessary actions to ensure that, at the time of effectiveness of the Registration Statement, it will be in compliance in all material respects with all provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and all rules and regulations promulgated thereunder or implementing the provisions thereof (the “ Sarbanes-Oxley Act ”) that are then in effect and which the Company is required to comply with as of the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, and is actively taking steps to ensure that it will be in compliance in all material respects with other provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act not currently in effect, upon the effectiveness of such provisions.

(gg)       Payment of Taxes .  All material U.S. federal income tax returns of the Company and its Subsidiaries required by law to be filed have been filed in a timely manner, and all such tax returns are correct and complete in all material respects and all taxes shown by such returns have been paid, except taxes and assessments against which appeals have been or will be promptly taken and as to which adequate reserves have been provided.  The Company and its Subsidiaries have filed in a timely manner all tax returns that are required to have been filed by them pursuant to applicable foreign, state, local or other law (other than U.S. federal income tax law), except insofar as the failure to file such returns would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, and all such tax returns are correct and complete in all material respects.  The Company and its Subsidiaries have paid all material taxes (other than U.S. federal income taxes) due, except for such taxes, if any, as are being contested in good faith and as to which adequate reserves have been provided.  The charges, accruals, and reserves on the books of the Company in respect of taxes for any years not finally determined are adequate to meet any assessments or re-assessments for additional tax for any years not finally determined, except to the extent of any inadequacy that would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

(hh)       Insurance .  The Transaction Entities and their Subsidiaries carry or are entitled to the benefits of insurance, with financially sound and reputable insurers, in such amounts and covering such risks as is generally maintained by companies of established repute engaged in the same or similar business, and all such insurance is in full force and effect.  None of the Transaction Entities has any reason to believe that it or any of its Subsidiaries will not be able (i) to renew, if desired, its existing insurance coverage as and when such policies expire, or (ii) to obtain comparable coverage from similar institutions as may be necessary or appropriate to conduct its business as now conducted and at a cost that would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.  Neither of the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has been denied any insurance coverage that it has sought or for which it has applied.  The Transaction Entities, directly or indirectly, have obtained title insurance on the fee or leasehold interests, as the case may be, in each of the Properties, in an amount equal to no less than eighty percent (80%) of the purchase price of each such Property.

(ii)          Investment Company Act .  None of the Transaction Entities are required, and upon the issuance and sale of the Shares and the Private Placement Shares as herein contemplated and the application of the net proceeds therefrom as described in the Prospectus will be required, to register as an “investment company” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “ Investment Company Act ”).

 
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(jj)          Absence of Manipulation .  None of the Transaction Entities, nor any of their respective affiliates, as such term is defined in Rule 501(b) under the Securities Act (each, an “ Affiliate ”), has taken or will take, directly or indirectly, any action that is designed to or that has constituted or that would reasonably be expected to cause or result in stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Shares.

(kk)        Foreign Corrupt Practices Act .  None of the Transaction Entities, nor, to the knowledge of any of the Transaction Entities, any director, officer, agent, employee, Affiliate or other person acting on behalf of any of the Transaction Entities or any of their Subsidiaries are aware of or has taken any action, directly or indirectly, that would result in a violation by such persons of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder and have instituted policies and procedures which are reasonably expect to ensure continued compliance therewith.

(ll)          Money Laundering Laws .  The operations of each of the Transaction Entities and their Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable financial recordkeeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, the money laundering statutes of all jurisdictions, the rules and regulations thereunder and any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines, issued, administered or enforced by any governmental agency (collectively, the “ Money Laundering Laws ”) and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving any of the Transaction Entities or any of their Subsidiaries with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the best knowledge of any of the Transaction Entities, threatened.

(mm)      OFAC .  None of the Transaction Entities, any of their Subsidiaries and, to the knowledge of any of the Transaction Entities, any director, officer, agent, employee or Affiliate of any of the Transaction Entities is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S.  Treasury Department (“ OFAC ”); and the Company will not directly or indirectly use the proceeds of the offering and the issuance of the Private Placement Shares, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any of its Subsidiaries, joint venture partners or other person, for the purpose of financing the activities of any person currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by OFAC.

(nn)       Lending Relationship .  Except as disclosed in the Prospectus, none of the Transaction Entities (i) have any material lending or other relationship with any bank or lending Affiliate of any Underwriter or (ii) intend to use any of the proceeds from the sale of the Shares hereunder to repay any outstanding debt owed to any Affiliate of any Underwriter.

(oo)        Statistical and Market-Related Data .  Any statistical and market-related data included in the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus are based on or derived from sources that the Company believes to be reliable and accurate in all material respects and, to the extent required, the Company has obtained the written consent to the use of such data from such sources.

 
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(pp)        Approval of Listing .  The Shares have been approved for listing on the NYSE Amex, subject to notice of issuance.

(qq)       Prior Sales of Common Shares or Operating Partnership Units .  Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, the Company has not sold, issued or distributed any Common Shares and the Operating Partnership has not sold, issued or distributed any Operating Partnership Units and, except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, there is no current plan for the sale, issuance or distributions of any Common Shares or securities convertible into Common Shares.

(rr)         Real Estate Investment Trust .  Commencing with its taxable year ending December 31, 2011, the Company intends to be organized in conformity with the requirements for qualification as a real estate investment trust (“ REIT ”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “ Code ”), and the Company’s proposed method of operation is intended to enable it to meet the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT under the Code.  All statements regarding the Company’s qualification and taxation as a REIT and descriptions of the Company’s organization and proposed method of operation (inasmuch as they relate to the Company’s qualification and taxation as a REIT) set forth in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or General Disclosure Package are accurate and fair summaries, so far as they relate to matters of fact, of the tax matters described therein in all material respects.

(ss)        No Restrictions on Distributions or Repayment .  Except as described in the Prospectus, the Operating Partnership is not currently prohibited, directly or indirectly, from paying any distributions to the Company to the extent permitted by applicable law, from making any other distribution on the Operating Partnership’s Units, or from repaying the Company for any loans or advances made by the Company to the Operating Partnership.

(tt)         No Equity Awards .  Except for grants which are subject to consummation of the offering of the Shares or are otherwise disclosed in the Prospectus, the Company has not granted to any person or entity, a stock option or other equity-based award to purchase Common Shares, pursuant to an equity-based compensation plan or otherwise.

(uu)       Foreign Jurisdictions .  The Company represents and warrants to the Underwriters that (i) the General Disclosure Package, Prospectus and Registration Statement comply, and any further amendments or supplements thereto will comply, with any applicable laws or regulations of foreign jurisdictions in which the General Disclosure Package, Prospectus and Registration Statement, as amended or supplemented, if applicable, are distributed in connection with the Reserved Shares, and (ii) no Governmental License other than such as have been obtained or made, is necessary under the securities laws and regulations of foreign jurisdictions in which the Reserved Shares are offered outside the United States.  The Company has not offered, or caused the Underwriters to offer, Reserved Shares to any person with the specific intent to unlawfully influence (A) a customer or supplier of the Company to alter the customer’s or supplier’s level or type of business with the Company, or (B) a trade journalist or publication to write or publish favorable information about the Company or its products.

 
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(vv)       Officer’s Certificates.   Any certificate signed by any officer of the Company and delivered to the Representatives or counsel for the Underwriters in connection with the offering of the Shares shall be deemed a representation and warranty by the Company, as to matters covered thereby, to each Underwriter.

4.            Covenants of the Transaction Entities .   Each of the Transaction Entities, jointly and severally, covenants with each Underwriter as follows:

(a)          Compliance with Securities Regulations and Commission Requests .  The Company, subject to Section 4(b) , will comply with the requirements of Rule 430A, and will notify the Representatives immediately, and confirm the notice in writing, (i) when any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement shall become effective, or any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus shall have been filed, (ii) of the receipt of any comments from the Commission, (iii) of any request by the Commission for any amendment to the Registration Statement or any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus or for additional information, (iv) of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or of any order preventing or suspending the use of any preliminary prospectus, or of the suspension of the qualification of the Shares for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, or of the initiation or threatening of any proceedings for any of such purposes or of any examination pursuant to Section 8(e) of the Securities Act concerning the Registration Statement and (v) if the Company becomes the subject of a proceeding under Section 8A of the Securities Act in connection with the offering of the Shares.  The Company will effect all filings required under Rule 424(b), in the manner and within the time period required by Rule 424(b) (without reliance on Rule 424(b)(8)), and will take such steps as it deems necessary to ascertain promptly whether the form of prospectus transmitted for filing under Rule 424(b) was received for filing by the Commission and, in the event that it was not, it will promptly file such prospectus.  The Company will make reasonable efforts to prevent the issuance of any stop order and, if any stop order is issued, to obtain the withdrawal thereof at the earliest possible moment.

(b)          Filing of Amendments and Exchange Act Documents .  The Company will give the Representatives notice of its intention to file or prepare any amendment to the Registration Statement (including any filing under Rule 462(b)) or any amendment, supplement or revision to either the prospectus included in the Registration Statement at the time it became effective or to the Prospectus, and will furnish the Representatives with copies of any such documents a reasonable amount of time prior to such proposed filing or use, as the case may be, and will not file or use any such document to which the Representatives or counsel for the Underwriters shall reasonably object.  The Company will give the Representatives notice of its intention to make any filings pursuant to the Exchange Act or the Exchange Act Regulations from the date hereof to the Closing Date and will furnish the Representatives with copies of any such documents a reasonable amount of time prior to such proposed filing, as the case may be, and will not file or use any such document to which the Representatives or counsel for the Underwriters shall reasonably object.

 
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(c)          Delivery of Registration Statements .  The Company has furnished or will deliver to the Representatives and counsel for the Underwriters, without charge, signed copies of the Registration Statement as originally filed and of each amendment thereto (including exhibits filed therewith) and signed or conformed copies of all consents and certificates of experts, and will also deliver to the Representatives, without charge, a conformed copy of the Registration Statement as originally filed and of each amendment thereto (without exhibits) for each of the Underwriters.  The copies of the Registration Statement and each amendment thereto furnished to the Underwriters will be identical to the electronically transmitted copies thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR, except to the extent permitted by Regulation S-T of the Securities Act.

(d)          Delivery of Prospectuses .  The Company has delivered to each Underwriter, without charge, as many copies of each preliminary prospectus as such Underwriter reasonably requested, and the Company hereby consents to the use of such copies for purposes permitted by the Securities Act.  The Company will furnish to each Underwriter, without charge, during the period when the Prospectus is (or, but for the exception afforded by Rule 172 of the Securities Act Regulations (“ Rule 172 ”), would be) required to be delivered under the Securities Act, such number of copies of the Prospectus (as amended or supplemented) as such Underwriter may reasonably request.  The Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto furnished to the Underwriters will be identical to the electronically transmitted copies thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR, except to the extent permitted by Regulation S-T of the Securities Act.

(e)          Continued Compliance with Securities Laws .  The Company will comply with the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations so as to permit the completion of the distribution of the Shares as contemplated in this Agreement and in the Prospectus.  If at any time when a prospectus is (or, but for the exception afforded by Rule 172, would be) required by the Securities Act to be delivered in connection with sales of the Shares, any event shall occur or condition shall exist as a result of which it is necessary, in the opinion of counsel for the Underwriters or for the Company, to (i) amend the Registration Statement in order that the Registration Statement will not include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, (ii) amend or supplement the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus in order that the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, as the case may be, will not include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading in the light of the circumstances existing at the time it is delivered to a purchaser, or (iii) amend the Registration Statement or amend or supplement the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus in order to comply with the requirements of the Securities Act or the Securities Act Regulations, the Company will promptly prepare and file with the Commission, subject to Section 4(b) , such amendment or supplement as may be necessary to correct such statement or omission or to make the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus comply with such requirements, and the Company will furnish to the Underwriters such number of copies of such amendment or supplement as the Underwriters may reasonably request.  If at any time following issuance of an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus there occurred or occurs an event or development as a result of which such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus conflicted or would conflict with the information contained in the Registration Statement relating to the Shares or included or would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted or would omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances existing at that subsequent time, not misleading, the Company will promptly notify the Representatives and will promptly amend or supplement, at its own expense, such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus to eliminate or correct such conflict, untrue statement or omission; provided that this sentence shall not apply to statements in or omissions from any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus based upon and in conformity with the Underwriter Information.

 
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(f)          Blue Sky Qualifications .  The Company will use its commercially reasonable efforts, in cooperation with the Underwriters, to qualify the Shares for offering and sale under the applicable securities laws of such states and other jurisdictions (domestic or foreign) as the Representatives may designate and to maintain such qualifications in effect for a period of not less than one year from the later of the effective date of the Registration Statement and any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement; provided , however , that the Company shall not be obligated to file any general consent to service of process or to qualify as a foreign corporation or as a dealer in securities in any jurisdiction in which it is not so qualified or to subject itself to taxation in respect of doing business in any jurisdiction in which it is not otherwise so subject.

(g)          Rule 158 .  The Company will timely file such reports pursuant to the Exchange Act as are necessary in order to make generally available to its securityholders as soon as practicable an earnings statement for the purposes of, and to provide to the Underwriters the benefits contemplated by, the last paragraph of Section 11(a) of the Securities Act.

(h)          Use of Proceeds .  The Company will use the net proceeds received by it from the sale of the Shares and the Private Placement Shares in the manner specified in the Prospectus under “Use of Proceeds.”

(i)          Listing .  The Company will use its commercially reasonable efforts to effect the listing of the Common Shares (including the Shares) on the NYSE Amex.
 
 
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(j)          Restriction on Sale of Shares .  During a period of 180 days from the date of the Prospectus (the “ Lock-Up Period ”), the Transaction Entities will not, without the prior written consent of the Representatives (i) directly or indirectly, offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase or otherwise transfer or dispose of any Common Shares or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Common Shares or file any registration statement under the Securities Act with respect to any of the foregoing (except for a registration statement on Form S-8 relating to the Company’s equity incentive plan) or (ii) enter into any swap or any other agreement or any transaction that transfers, in whole or in part, directly or indirectly, the economic consequence of ownership of the Common Shares, whether any such swap or transaction described in clause (i) or (ii) above is to be settled by delivery of Common Shares or such other securities, in cash or otherwise.  The foregoing sentence shall not apply to (A) the Shares to be sold hereunder, (B) any Common Shares issued or options to purchase Common Shares granted pursuant to existing employee benefit plans of the Company referred to in the Prospectus, (C) any Common Shares issued pursuant to any non-employee director stock plan or dividend reinvestment plan referred to in the Prospectus, (D) any Common Shares or Operating Partnership Units issued in connection with the formation of the Operating Partnership, (E) the Private Placement Shares, (F) Common Shares, in the aggregate not to exceed 10% of the number of Common Shares outstanding, issued in connection with other acquisitions of real property or real property companies; provided , however , that the recipients of Common Shares issued in connection with such an acquisition shall be required to agree in writing not to sell, offer, dispose of or otherwise transfer any such shares during the remainder of the Lock-Up Period without the prior written consent of the Representatives (which consent may be withheld at the sole discretion of the Representatives), or (G) Common Shares transferred in accordance with Article IV of the Company’s charter.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, if (1) during the last 17 days of the Lock-Up Period the Company issues an earnings release or material news or a material event relating to the Company occurs, or (2) prior to the expiration of the Lock-Up Period, the Company announces that it will release earnings results or becomes aware that material news or a material event will occur during the 16-day period beginning on the last day of the Lock-Up Period, the restrictions imposed in this Section 4(j) shall continue to apply until the expiration of the 18-day period beginning on the issuance of the earnings release or the occurrence of the material news or material event.

(k)         Reporting Requirements .  The Company, during the period when the Prospectus is (or, but for the exception afforded by Rule 172, would be) required to be delivered under the Securities Act, will file all documents required to be filed with the Commission pursuant to the Exchange Act within the time periods required by the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.  Additionally, the Company shall report the use of proceeds from the issuance of the Shares as may be required under Rule 463 under the Securities Act.

(l)          Compliance with FINRA Rules .  The Company hereby agrees that it will use commercially reasonable efforts to ensure that the Reserved Shares will be restricted as required by FINRA or the FINRA rules from sale, transfer, assignment, pledge or hypothecation for a period of three months following the date of this Agreement.  The Underwriters will notify the Company as to which persons will need to be so restricted.  At the request of the Underwriters, the Company will direct the transfer agent to place a stop transfer restriction upon such securities for such period of time.  Should the Company release, or seek to release, from such restrictions any of the Reserved Shares, the Company agrees to reimburse the Underwriters for any reasonable expenses (including, without limitation, legal expenses) they incur in connection with such release.

(m)         Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses .  The Company agrees that, unless it obtains the prior written consent of the Representatives, not to be unreasonably withheld, it will not make any offer relating to the Shares that would constitute an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or that would otherwise constitute a “free writing prospectus,” or a portion thereof, required to be filed by the Company with the Commission or retained by the Company under Rule 433 (“Rule 433”) of the Securities Act; provided that the Representatives will be deemed to have consented to the Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses listed on Schedule C-1 and any “road show that is a written communication” within the meaning of Rule 433(d)(8)(i).  Any such free writing prospectus consented to by the Representatives is hereinafter referred to as a “Permitted Free Writing Prospectus.” The Company represents that it has treated or agrees that it will treat each Permitted Free Writing Prospectus as an “issuer free writing prospectus,” as defined in Rule 433, and that it has complied and will comply with the applicable requirements of Rule 433 with respect thereto, including timely filing with the Commission where required, legending and record keeping.

 
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(n)          Absence of Manipulation .  Except as contemplated herein or in the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, none of the Transaction Entities will take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or that would constitute or that might reasonably be expected to cause or result in, stabilization or manipulation of the price of any securities of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Shares.

(o)          Qualification and Taxation as a REIT .  The Company will use its commercially reasonable efforts to meet the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT under the Code for its taxable year ending December 31, 2011, and the Company will use its commercially reasonable efforts to continue to qualify for taxation as a REIT under the Code unless and until the Company’s board of directors determines in good faith that it is no longer in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders to be so qualified.

(p)          Sarbanes-Oxley .  Each of the Transaction Entities will comply in all material respects with all applicable provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act that are in effect.

5.            Conditions of Underwriters’ Obligations .   The obligations of the several Underwriters hereunder are subject to the accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Transaction Entities contained in Section 3 or in certificates of any officer of the Transaction Entities or any of their Subsidiaries delivered pursuant to the provisions hereof, to the performance in all material respects by the Transaction Entities of their covenants and other obligations hereunder, and to the following further conditions:

(a)          Effectiveness of Registration Statement .  The Registration Statement, including any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, has become effective and at Closing Date no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement shall have been issued under the Securities Act or proceedings therefor initiated or threatened by the Commission, and any request on the part of the Commission for additional information shall have been complied with to the reasonable satisfaction of counsel to the Underwriters.  A prospectus containing the Rule 430A Information shall have been filed with the Commission in the manner and within the time frame required by Rule 424(b) without reliance on Rule 424(b)(8) or a post-effective amendment providing such information shall have been filed and declared effective in accordance with the requirements of Rule 430A.

(b)          Opinions of Counsel for Company .  On the Closing Date, the Representatives shall have received the favorable opinions, dated as of the Closing Date, of each of Proskauer Rose LLP and Venable LLP, counsel for the Company, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to counsel for the Underwriters, together with signed or reproduced copies of such opinions for each of the other Underwriters and to such further effect as counsel to the Underwriters may reasonably request.  In giving each such opinion such counsel may state that, insofar as such opinion involves factual matters, they have relied, to the extent they deem proper, upon certificates of officers of the Transaction Entities and their Subsidiaries and certificates of public officials.

 
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(c)          Tax Opinion .  On the Closing Date, the Representatives shall have received the favorable tax opinion, dated as of the Closing Date, of Proskauer Rose LLP, tax counsel for the Company, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to counsel for the Underwriters, together with signed or reproduced copies of such opinion for each of the other Underwriters.  In giving such opinion such counsel may state that, insofar as such opinion involves factual matters, they have relied, to the extent they deem proper, upon certificates of officers of the Transaction Entities and their Subsidiaries and certificates of public officials.

(d)          Opinion of Counsel for Underwriters .  On the Closing Date, the Representatives shall have received the favorable opinion, dated as of the Closing Date, of Hirschler Fleischer, a Profession Corporation, counsel for the Underwriters, together with signed or reproduced copies of such opinion for each of the other Underwriters with respect to the issuance and sale of the Shares delivered at the Closing Date, the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and other related matters as the Representatives may reasonably require, and the Transaction Entities shall have furnished to such counsel such documents as they reasonably request for the purpose of enabling them to pass upon such matters. In giving such opinion such counsel may state that, insofar as such opinion involves factual matters, they have relied, to the extent they deem proper, upon certificates of officers of the Transaction Entities and their Subsidiaries and certificates of public officials.

(e)          Officers’ Certificate .  On the Closing Date, there shall not have been, since the date hereof or since the respective dates as of which information is given in the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, any material adverse change in the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business affairs or business prospects of the Transaction Entities and their Subsidiaries considered as one enterprise, whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business, and the Representatives shall have received a certificate of each of (x) the Chief Executive Officer, the President or a Vice President of the Company and of the chief financial or chief accounting officer of the Company and (y) the general partner of the Operating Partnership or the Chief Executive Officer, the President or a Vice President of the Operating Partnership and of the chief financial or chief accounting officer of the Operating Partnership, dated as of Closing Date, to the effect that (i) there has been no such material adverse change, (ii) the representations and warranties of the Transaction Entities in Section 3 are true and correct with the same force and effect as though expressly made at and as of Closing Date, except that any representations and warranties expressly made as of a specified date shall only need to have been true and correct as of such specified date, (iii) the Transaction Entities have complied in all material respects with all agreements and satisfied all conditions on their part to be performed or satisfied at or prior to Closing Date, and (iv) no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement under the Securities Act has been issued, no order preventing or suspending the use of the preliminary prospectus or the Prospectus has been issued and no proceedings for those purposes have been instituted or are pending or, to their knowledge, contemplated by the Commission.

 
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(f)          Accountant’s Comfort Letter .  At the time of the execution of this Agreement, the Representatives shall have received from PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP a letter dated such date, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representatives, together with signed or reproduced copies of such letter for each of the other Underwriters containing statements and information of the type ordinarily included in accountants’ “comfort letters” to underwriters with respect to the financial statements and certain financial information contained in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus.

(g)          Bring-down Comfort Letter .  On the Closing Date, the Representatives shall have received from PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP a letter, dated as of Closing Date, to the effect that they reaffirm the statements made in the letter furnished pursuant to Section 5(f) , except that the “specified date” referred to shall be a date not more than three business days prior to the Closing Date.

(h)         Approval of Listing .  At Closing Date, the Shares shall have been approved for listing on the NYSE Amex, subject only to official notice of issuance.

(i)          No Objection .  FINRA has confirmed that it has not raised any objection with respect to the fairness and reasonableness of the underwriting terms and arrangements.

(j)          Lock-up Agreements .  At the date of this Agreement, the Representatives shall have received a lock-up agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to it (the “ Lock-Up Agreement ”) signed by each of the persons listed on Schedule III hereto.

(k)          [Reserved]

(l)          Private Placement Closing .  The Company shall have issued and sold the Private Placement Shares to the Private Placement Purchaser.

(m)        Conditions to Purchase of Option Shares .  In the event that the Underwriters exercise their option provided in Section 1(b) to purchase all or any portion of the Option Shares, the representations and warranties of the Transaction Entities contained herein and the statements in any certificates furnished by the Transaction Entities or any of their Subsidiaries hereunder shall be true and correct as of each Date of Delivery, except that any representations and warranties expressly made as of a specified date shall only need to have been true and correct as of such specified date, and, at the relevant Date of Delivery, the Representatives shall have received:

(i) Officers’ Certificate .  A certificate, dated such Date of Delivery, of the Chief Executive Officer, the President or a Vice President of the Company and of the chief financial or chief accounting officer of the Company, confirming that the certificate delivered at the Closing Date pursuant to Section 5(e) remains true and correct in all material respects as of such Date of Delivery.
 
 
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(ii) Opinions of Counsel for Company .  The favorable opinions of each of Proskauer Rose LLP and Venable LLP, counsel for the Company, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to counsel for the Underwriters, dated such Date of Delivery, relating to the Option Shares to be purchased on such Date of Delivery and otherwise to the same effect as the opinions required by Section 5(b) .  In giving each such opinion such counsel may state that, insofar as such opinion involves factual matters, they have relied, to the extent they deem proper, upon certificates of officers of the Transaction Entities and their Subsidiaries and certificates of public officials.

(iii) Tax Opinion .  The favorable tax opinion of Proskauer Rose LLP, tax counsel for the Company, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to counsel for the Underwriters, dated such Date of Delivery, relating to the Option Shares to be purchased on such Date of Delivery and otherwise to the same effect as the opinion required by Section 5(c) .  In giving such opinion such counsel may state that, insofar as such opinion involves factual matters, they have relied, to the extent they deem proper, upon certificates of officers of the Transaction Entities and their Subsidiaries and certificates of public officials.

(iv) Opinion of Counsel for Underwriters .  The favorable opinion of Hirschler Fleischer, a Professional Corporation, counsel for the Underwriters, dated such Date of Delivery, relating to the Option Shares to be purchased on such Date of Delivery and otherwise to the same effect as the opinion required by Section 5(d).   In giving such opinion such counsel may state that, insofar as such opinion involves factual matters, they have relied, to the extent they deem proper, upon certificates of officers of the Transaction Entities and their Subsidiaries and certificates of public officials.

(v) Bring-down Comfort Letter .  A letter from PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representatives and dated such Date of Delivery, in the same form and substance as the letter furnished to the Representatives pursuant to Section 5(g) , except that the “specified date” in the letter furnished pursuant to this paragraph shall be a date not more than three business days prior to such Date of Delivery.

(n)           Additional Documents .  On the Closing Date and on each Date of Delivery counsel for the Underwriters shall have been furnished with such documents and opinions as they may reasonably require for the purpose of enabling them to pass upon the issuance and sale of the Shares as herein contemplated, or in order to evidence the accuracy of any of the representations or warranties, or the fulfillment of any of the conditions, herein contained; and all proceedings taken by the Company in connection with the issuance and sale of the Shares as herein contemplated shall be reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the Representatives and counsel for the Underwriters.

(o)           Termination of Agreement .  If any condition specified in this Section shall not have been fulfilled when and as required to be fulfilled, this Agreement, or, in the case of any condition to the purchase of Option Shares on a Date of Delivery which is after the Closing Date, the obligations of the several Underwriters to purchase the relevant Option Shares may be terminated by the Representatives by notice to the Company at any time at or prior to Closing Date or such Date of Delivery, as the case may be, and such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except as provided in Section 4 and except that Sections 3 , 6 , 7 , 8 and 16 shall survive any such termination and remain in full force and effect.

 
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6.            Indemnification .

(a)          Indemnification of Underwriters .  The REIT Entities jointly and severally agree to indemnify and hold harmless each Underwriter, its Affiliates, its selling agents and each person, if any, who controls any Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act as follows:

(i) against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense whatsoever (“ Losses ”), as incurred, as to which such indemnified party may become subject as a result of a written claim made by a third party under any applicable law, domestic or foreign, or otherwise, and related to or arising out of (A) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto), including the Rule 430A Information of the General Disclosure Package, or the omission or alleged omission therefrom of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made;

(ii) against any and all Losses, as incurred, to the extent of the aggregate amount paid in settlement of any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, or of any claim whatsoever, in each case based upon any such untrue statement or omission, or any such alleged untrue statement or omission; provided, that any such settlement is effected with the written consent of the Company; and

(iii) against any and all Losses, as incurred (including the fees and disbursements of a single counsel chosen by the Representatives), reasonably incurred in investigating, preparing or defending against any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever, in each case based upon any such untrue statement or omission, or any such alleged untrue statement or omission, to the extent that any such expense is not paid under (i) or (ii) above;

provided , however , that this indemnity agreement shall not apply to any Losses to the extent (x) arising out of or based on any untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto), including the Rule 430A Information or the General Disclosure Package in reliance upon and in conformity with the Underwriter Information, or (y) found in a final, non-appealable judgment by a court to have resulted from the bad faith, gross negligence or willful misconduct of the party seeking indemnification.
 
 
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(b)          Indemnification of Company, Directors and Officers .  Each Underwriter severally, and not jointly, agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the REIT Entities, each of their respective directors, officers, employees, attorneys and agents, each of their respective officers who signed the Registration Statement, and each person, if any, who controls each of the REIT Entities within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, against any and all Losses described in the indemnity contained in Section 6(a) , as incurred, but only (x) with respect to untrue statements or omissions, or alleged untrue statements or omissions, made in the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto), including the Rule 430A Information or the General Disclosure Package in reliance upon and in conformity with the Underwriter Information, or (y) if found in a final, non-appealable judgment by a court to have resulted from the bad faith, gross negligence or willful misconduct of any Underwriter, its Affiliates, its selling agents and each person, if any, who controls any Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act.

(c)          Actions against Parties; Notification .  Each indemnified party shall give notice as promptly as reasonably practicable to each indemnifying party of any action commenced against it in respect of which indemnity may be sought hereunder, but failure to so notify an indemnifying party shall not relieve such indemnifying party from any liability hereunder to the extent it is not prejudiced as a result thereof.  If any such claim shall be brought against an indemnified party, and it shall notify the indemnifying party thereof, the indemnifying party shall be entitled to participate therein and, to the extent that it wishes, jointly with any other similarly notified indemnifying party, to assume the defense thereof with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party.

After notice from the indemnifying party to the indemnified party of its election to assume the defense of such claim or action, the indemnifying party shall not be liable to the indemnified party under this Section 6 for any legal or other expenses subsequently incurred by the indemnified party in connection with the defense thereof other than reasonable costs of investigation; provided , however , that the Representatives shall have the right to employ one counsel to represent jointly the Representatives and those other Underwriters and their respective directors, officers and controlling persons who may be subject to liability arising out of any claim in respect of which indemnity may be sought by the Underwriters against the REIT Entities under this Section 6 if:  (i) the Company and the Underwriters shall have so mutually agreed; (ii) the Company has failed within a reasonable time to retain counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Underwriters; (iii) counsel for the Underwriters shall have reasonably concluded that there are legal defenses available to them that are different from or in addition to those available to the REIT Entities; or (iv) the named parties in any such proceeding (including any impleaded parties) include both the Underwriters or their respective directors, officers or controlling persons, on the one hand, and the REIT Entities, on the other hand, and representation of both sets of parties by the same counsel would be inappropriate due to actual conflicts of interests between them, and in any such event the fees and expenses of such separate counsel shall be paid by the REIT Entities.  An indemnifying party may participate at its own expense in the defense of any such action; provided , however , that counsel to the indemnifying party shall not (except with the consent of the indemnified party) also be counsel to the indemnified party.  In no event shall the indemnifying parties be liable for fees and expenses of more than one counsel (in addition to any local counsel) separate from their own counsel for all indemnified parties in connection with any one action or separate but similar or related actions in the same jurisdiction arising out of the same general allegations or circumstances.

 
-27-

 

No indemnifying party shall, without the prior written consent of the indemnified parties, settle or compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment with respect to any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever in respect of which indemnification or contribution could be sought under this Section 6 or Section 7 (whether or not the indemnified parties are actual or potential parties thereto), unless such settlement, compromise or consent (A) includes an unconditional release of each indemnified party from all liability arising out of such litigation, investigation, proceeding or claim and (B) does not include a statement as to or an admission of fault, culpability or a failure to act by or on behalf of any indemnified party.

(d)          [Reserved]

(e)          Indemnification for Reserved Shares .  In connection with the offer and sale of the Reserved Shares, the REIT Entities jointly and severally agree to indemnify and hold harmless the Underwriters, their Affiliates and selling agents and each person, if any, who controls any Underwriter within the meaning of either Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, from and against any and all Losses (including, without limitation, any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred in connection with defending, investigating or settling any such action or claim), as incurred, (i) arising out of the violation of any applicable laws or regulations of foreign jurisdictions where Reserved Shares have been offered; (ii) arising out of any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any prospectus wrapper or other material prepared by or with the consent of the Company for distribution to Invitees in connection with the offering of the Reserved Shares or caused by any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading but not with respect to untrue statements or omissions, or alleged untrue statements or omissions, made therein in reliance upon and in conformity with the Underwriter Information;  (iii) caused by the failure of any Invitee to pay for and accept delivery of Reserved Shares which have been orally confirmed for purchase by any Invitee by the end of the first business day after the date of the Agreement; or (iv) related to, or arising out of or in connection with, the offering of the Reserved Shares.

7.            Contribution .  If the indemnification provided for in Section 6 is for any reason unavailable to or insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified party in respect of any losses, liabilities, claims, damages or expenses referred to therein, then each indemnifying party shall contribute to the aggregate amount of such losses, liabilities, claims, damages and expenses incurred by such indemnified party, (a) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the REIT Entities on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other hand from the offering of the Shares pursuant to this Agreement, or (b) if the allocation provided by clause (a) is not permitted by applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in clause (a) above but also the relative fault of the REIT Entities on the one hand and of the Underwriters on the other hand in connection with the statements or omissions, or in connection with any violation of the nature referred to in Section 6(e) , which resulted in such losses, liabilities, claims, damages or expenses, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations.  The relative benefits received by the REIT Entities on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other hand in connection with the offering of the Shares pursuant to this Agreement shall be deemed to be in the same respective proportions as the total net proceeds from the offering of the Shares pursuant to this Agreement (before deducting expenses) received by the REIT Entities and the total underwriting discount received by the Underwriters, in each case as set forth on the cover of the Prospectus, bear to the aggregate initial public offering price of the Shares as set forth on the cover of the Prospectus.

 
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The relative fault of the REIT Entities on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other hand shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether any such untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the REIT Entities or by the Underwriters and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission or any violation of the nature referred to in Section 6(e) .

The REIT Entities and the Underwriters agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 7 were determined by pro rata allocation (even if the Underwriters were treated as one entity for such purpose) or by any other method of allocation which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to above in this Section 7 .  The aggregate amount of losses, liabilities, claims, damages and expenses incurred by an indemnified party and referred to above in this Section 7 shall be deemed to include any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in investigating, preparing or defending against any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever based upon any such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission.

Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 7 , no Underwriter shall be required to contribute any amount in excess of the underwriting discount or commission applicable to the Shares purchased by such Underwriter hereunder, except as may be provided in any agreement among the Underwriters relating to the offering of the Shares.  No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.

For purposes of this Section 7 , each person, if any, who controls an Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act and each Underwriter’s Affiliates and selling agents shall have the same rights to contribution as such Underwriter, and each director of the REIT Entities, each officer of the REIT Entities who signed the Registration Statement, and each person, if any, who controls the REIT Entities within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act shall have the same rights to contribution as the REIT Entities.  The Underwriters’ respective obligations to contribute pursuant to this Section 7 are several in proportion to the number of Initial Shares set forth opposite their respective names in Schedule I hereto and not joint.

8.            Representations, Warranties and Agreements to Survive .  All representations, warranties and agreements contained in this Agreement or in certificates of officers of the Transaction Entities or any of their Subsidiaries submitted pursuant hereto, shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of (a) any investigation made by or on behalf of any Underwriter or its Affiliates or selling agents, any person controlling any Underwriter, its officers or directors or any person controlling the Company and (b) delivery of and payment for the Shares.

 
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9.            Termination of Agreement .

(a)          Termination; General .  The Representatives may terminate this Agreement, by notice to the Company, at any time at or prior to Closing Date (i) if there has been, in the reasonable judgment of the Representatives, since the time of execution of this Agreement or since the respective dates as of which information is given in the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, any material adverse change in or affecting any of the Properties or in the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business affairs or business prospects of the Company and its Subsidiaries considered as one enterprise, whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business, or (ii) if there has occurred any material adverse change in the financial markets in the United States or the international financial markets, any outbreak of hostilities or escalation thereof or other calamity or crisis or any change or development involving a prospective change in national or international political, financial or economic conditions, in each case the effect of which is such as to make it, in the judgment of the Representatives, impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the public offering of the Shares, or (iii) if trading in any securities of the Company has been suspended or materially limited by the Commission or the New York Stock Exchange, or if trading generally on the NYSE Amex or the New York Stock Exchange or in the Nasdaq Global Market has been suspended or materially limited, or minimum or maximum prices for trading have been fixed, or maximum ranges for prices have been required, by any of said exchanges or by such system or by order of the Commission, FINRA or any other governmental authority, or (iv) a material disruption has occurred in commercial banking or securities settlement or clearance services in the United States or with respect to Clearstream or Euroclear systems in Europe, or (v) if a banking moratorium has been declared by either Federal or New York authorities.

(b)          Liabilities .  If this Agreement is terminated pursuant to this Section, such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except as provided in Section 4 and provided further that Sections 3 , 6 , 7 , 8 and 16 shall survive such termination and remain in full force and effect.

10.            Default by One or More of the Underwriters .  If one or more of the Underwriters shall fail on the Closing Date or on any Date of Delivery to purchase the Shares which it or they are obligated to purchase under this Agreement (the “ Defaulted Shares ”), the Representatives shall have the right, within 24 hours thereafter, to make arrangements for one or more of the non-defaulting Underwriters, or any other underwriters, to purchase all, but not less than all, of the Defaulted Shares in such amounts as may be agreed upon and upon the terms herein set forth; if, however, the Representatives shall not have completed such arrangements within such 24-hour period, then:

(a)         if the number of Defaulted Shares does not exceed 10% of the number of Shares to be purchased on such date, each of the non-defaulting Underwriters shall be obligated, severally and not jointly, to purchase the full amount thereof in proportion to the number of Initial Shares set forth in Schedule I hereto opposite the name of such non-defaulting Underwriter bears to the total number of Initial Shares opposite the names of all non-defaulting Underwriters, or

 
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(b)         if the number of Defaulted Shares exceeds 10% of the number of Shares to be purchased on such date, this Agreement or, with respect to any Date of Delivery which occurs after the Closing Date, the obligation of the Underwriters to purchase and of the Company to sell the Option Shares to be purchased and sold on such Date of Delivery, shall terminate without liability on the part of any non-defaulting Underwriter.

No action taken pursuant to this Section shall relieve any defaulting Underwriter from liability in respect of its default.

In the event of any such default which does not result in a termination of this Agreement or, in the case of a Date of Delivery which is after the Closing Date, which does not result in a termination of the obligation of the Underwriters to purchase and the Company to sell the relevant Option Shares, as the case may be, either (i) the Representatives or (ii) the Company shall have the right to postpone Closing Date or the relevant Date of Delivery, as the case may be, for a period not exceeding seven days in order to effect any required changes in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus or in any other documents or arrangements.  As used herein, the term “ Underwriter ” includes any person substituted for a defaulting Underwriter under this Section 10 .

11.            Tax Disclosure .  Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, immediately upon commencement of discussions with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby, the Transaction Entities (and each employee, representative or other agent of the Transaction Entities) may disclose to any and all persons, without limitation of any kind, the tax treatment and tax structure of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and all materials of any kind (including opinions or other tax analyses) that are provided to the Transaction Entities relating to such tax treatment and tax structure.  For purposes of the foregoing, the term “ tax treatment ” is the purported or claimed federal income tax treatment of the transactions contemplated hereby, and the term “ tax structure ” includes any fact that may be relevant to understanding the purported or claimed federal income tax treatment of the transactions contemplated hereby.
 
 
-31-

 

12.            Payment of Expenses .

(a)            Expenses .  The Company agrees to pay for or promptly reimburse the Representatives on behalf of all Underwriters for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses payable to third parties incident to their performance under this Agreement, including (i) the preparation, printing and filing under the Securities Act of the Registration Statement (including financial statements and exhibits thereto) as originally filed and of each amendment thereto, (ii) the preparation, printing and delivery to the Underwriters of this Agreement, any agreement among underwriters and such other documents as may be required in connection with the offering, purchase, sale, issuance or delivery of the Shares, (iii) the preparation, issuance and delivery of the certificates for the Shares to the Underwriters, including any stock or other transfer taxes and any stamp or other duties payable upon the sale, issuance or delivery of the Shares to the Underwriters, (iv) the fees and disbursements of the Company’s counsel, accountants and other advisors, (v) the qualification of the Securities under securities laws in accordance with the provisions of Section 1 , including filing fees and the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel for the Underwriters, in connection therewith, (vi) the printing and delivery to the Underwriters of copies of each preliminary prospectus, any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, the Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto or prospectus wrapper prepared in connection therewith and any costs associated with electronic delivery of any of the foregoing by the Underwriters to investors, (vii) the fees and expenses of any transfer agent or registrar for the Securities, (viii) the costs and expenses relating to investor presentations on any “road show” undertaken in connection with the marketing of the Shares, including without limitation, expenses associated with the production of road show slides and graphics, fees and expenses of any consultants engaged in connection with the road show presentations, travel and lodging expenses of the representatives and officers of the Company and any such consultants and the Underwriters, (ix) the filing fees incident to, and the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel to the Underwriters in connection with, the review by FINRA of the terms of the sale of the Shares and (x) the fees and expenses incurred in connection with the listing of the Shares on the NYSE Amex and (xi) all costs and expenses of the Underwriters, including the fees and disbursements of counsel for the Underwriters, in connection with matters related to the Reserved Shares (collectively, “ Expenses ”); provided , however , that in no event shall Expenses reimbursable to the Representatives or incurred on behalf of the Underwriters by the Company exceed $250,000 (the “ Aggregate Cap ”).  The Company acknowledges and agrees that the budget of up to $180,000 for payment to the Underwriters’ single legal counsel for services to the Underwriters in connection with the Transaction (the “ Underwriter Legal Expenses ”) is hereby approved as an Expense pursuant to this Section 12(a) , such Expense to be included in the calculation of the Aggregate Cap; provided , however , that in no event shall the reimbursement to the Underwriters’ for Underwriter Legal Expenses exceed $180,000.  The Representatives on behalf of all Underwriters shall provide evidence of all Expenses in reasonable detail to the Company.  
 
(b)          Termination of Agreement .  If this Agreement is terminated by the Representatives in accordance with the provisions of Section 5 or Section 9 , the Company shall reimburse the Underwriters for all of their reasonable and out-of-pocket accountable expenses actually incurred, subject to FINRA Rule 5110(f)(2)(D), including the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel for the Underwriters.
 
 
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13.            Notices .  All notices, requests, communications and demands (each a “ Notice ”) to, with or upon any of the respective parties shall be in writing and sent by (i) personal delivery, (ii) reputable overnight courier, (iii) facsimile transmission with telephonic confirmation (provided that such Notice also is sent contemporaneously by another method provided for in this Section 13 ), or (iv) registered or certified mail, postage prepaid, return receipt requested, addressed as set forth below (or to such other address as may be hereafter notified by the respective parties hereto in accordance with this Section 13 ):

Notices to the Underwriters shall be directed to the Representatives at:
 
 
Wunderlich Securities, Inc.
6000 Poplar Avenue
Suite 150
Memphis, Tennessee 38119
 
Tel:
(901) 251-1330
 
Fax:
(901) 251-1349
Attention:  General Counsel
 
and
Anderson & Strudwick, Incorporated
707 East Main Street, 20th Floor
Richmond, Virginia 23219
 
Tel:
(804) 643-2400
 
Fax:
(804) 648-3404
Attention:  Hayden McMillian
 
with a copy to:

Hirschler Fleischer
2100 East Cary Street
Richmond, Virginia 23223
 
Tel:
(804) 771-9500
 
Fax:
(804) 644-0957
Attention:  Thomas G.  Voekler, Esq.
Attention:  Richard P. Cunningham, Esq.

notices to the Transaction Entities shall be directed to the Company at:

Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
3625 Cumberland Parkway, Suite 400
Atlanta, Georgia 30339
Tel: (770) 818-4100
Fax: (770) 818-4105
Attention:  Leonard A. Silverstein, Esq.

 
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with a copy to:

Proskauer Rose LLP
Eleven Times Square
New York, New York 10036
Tel:  (212-969-3000
Fax:  (212) 969-2900
Attention:  Peter M. Fass, Esq.
Attention:  James P. Gerkis, Esq.

Any Notice sent as aforesaid shall be deemed given and effective upon actual receipt (or refusal of receipt).
 
14.          No Advisory or Fiduciary Relationship .  Each of the Transaction Entities acknowledges and agrees that

(a)         the purchase and sale of the Shares pursuant to this Agreement, including the determination of the public offering price of the Shares and any related discounts and commissions, is an arm’s-length commercial transaction between the Transaction Entities, on the one hand, and the several Underwriters, on the other hand,

(b)         in connection with the offering contemplated hereby and the process leading to such transaction each Underwriter is and has been acting solely as a principal and is not the agent or fiduciary of the Transaction Entities or their respective stockholders, unitholders, creditors, employees or any other party,

(c)         no Underwriter has assumed or will assume an advisory or fiduciary responsibility in favor of the Transaction Entities with respect to the offering contemplated hereby or the process leading thereto (irrespective of whether such Underwriter has advised or is currently advising the Transaction Entities on other matters) and no Underwriter has any obligation to the Transaction Entities with respect to the offering contemplated hereby except the obligations expressly set forth in this Agreement,

(d)         the Underwriters and their respective Affiliates may be engaged in a broad range of transactions that involve interests that differ from those of each of the Transaction Entities, and

(e)         the Underwriters have not provided any legal, accounting, regulatory or tax advice with respect to the offering contemplated hereby and the Transaction Entities have consulted their own respective legal, accounting, regulatory and tax advisors to the extent it deemed appropriate.

15.          Parties .  This Agreement shall each inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Underwriters, the Transaction Entities and their respective successors.  No party hereto may assign this Agreement in whole or in part without the consent of the other parties, which shall not be unreasonably withheld.  Nothing expressed or mentioned in this Agreement is intended or shall be construed to give any person, firm or corporation, other than the Underwriters, the Transaction Entities and their respective successors and the controlling persons and officers and directors referred to in Sections 6 and 7 and their heirs and legal representatives, any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in respect of this Agreement or any provision herein contained.  This Agreement and all conditions and provisions hereof are intended to be for the sole and exclusive benefit of the Underwriters, the Transaction Entities and their respective successors and permitted assignees, and said controlling persons and officers and directors and their heirs and legal representatives, and for the benefit of no other person, firm or corporation.  No purchaser of Shares from any Underwriter shall be deemed to be a successor by reason merely of such purchase.

 
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16.            Trial by Jury .  Each of the Transaction Entities (on its behalf and, to the extent permitted by applicable law, on behalf of its stockholders or unitholders, as applicable, and Affiliates) and each of the Underwriters hereby irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any and all right to trial by jury in any legal proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby.

17.            GOVERNING LAW .  THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK.

18.            TIME .  TIME SHALL BE OF THE ESSENCE OF THIS AGREEMENT.  EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE SET FORTH HEREIN, SPECIFIED TIMES OF DAY REFER TO NEW YORK CITY TIME.

19.            Partial Unenforceability .  The invalidity or unenforceability of any Section, paragraph or provision of this Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other Section, paragraph or provision hereof.  If any Section, paragraph or provision of this Agreement is for any reason determined to be invalid or unenforceable, there shall be deemed to be made such minor changes (and only such minor changes) as are necessary to make it valid and enforceable.

20.            Counterparts .  This Agreement may be executed (including by facsimile transmission) with counterpart signature pages or in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute one and the same Agreement.

21.            Effect of Headings .  The Section headings herein are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.
 
 
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If the foregoing correctly sets forth the understanding among the Transaction Entities and the Underwriters, please so indicate in the space provided below for the purpose, whereupon this Agreement shall constitute a binding agreement among the Transaction Entities and the Underwriters.

 
Very truly yours,
   
 
PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES, INC.,
a Maryland corporation
           
 
By:
       
 
Name:
John A. Williams
 
Title:
Chief Executive Officer
       
 
PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership
   
 
By:
PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES, INC.,
a Maryland corporation
 
Its:
General Partner
           
   
By:
     
   
Name:
John A. Williams
   
Title:
Chief Executive Officer
       
 
PREFERRED APARTMENT ADVISOR, LLC,
a Delaware limited liability company
           
 
By:
       
 
Name:
John A. Williams
 
Title:
Chief Executive Officer

 
-36-

 

Accepted and agreed to as
 
of the date first above written:
 
   
WUNDERLICH SECURITIES, INC.
 
   
By:
     
Name:
 
Title:
 
   
ANDERSON & STRUDWICK, INCORPORATED
 
   
By:
     
Name:
 
Title:
 

Each for itself and as a Representative of the other Underwriters named on Schedule I hereto.
 
 
-37-

 
 
Schedule I

   
Number of Initial
 
Underwriter
 
Shares to be Purchased
 
       
Wunderlich Securities, Inc.
    [_____ ]
         
Anderson & Strudwick, Incorporated
    [_____ ]
         
Boenning & Scattergood, Inc.      [_____
         
         
Total
    4,500,000 (1)
 
______________
(1)
Includes up to 650,000 shares of the Company's Common Stock to be offered to Williams Realty Fund I, LLC and up to 250,000 shares of the Company's Common Stock that may be offered to Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC through the Company's directed share program without payment of underwriting discounts and commissions.
 
 
 
 
 

 

Schedule II

Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses

1.

2.

3.
Free Writing Prospectuses

4.

5.

6.
Pricing and Other Information

7.

8.

9.
 
 
 

 

Schedule III

Signatories to Lock-Up Agreement

1.

2.

3.
 
 
 

 
 

ARTICLES OF AMENDMENT AND RESTATEMENT

FOR

PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES, INC.

Pursuant to the Maryland General Corporation Law

FIRST :            Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the “ Corporation ”), desires to amend and restate its charter (the “ Charter ”) as currently in effect and as hereinafter amended. The following provisions are all the provisions of the Charter currently in effect and as hereinafter amended.
 
ARTICLE 1
 
Section 1.01 .  Name.   The name of the Corporation is Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
 
ARTICLE 2
 
Section 2.01 .  Address.   The name and address of the resident agent for service of process of the Corporation in the State of Maryland is The Corporation Trust Incorporated, 351 West Camden Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201.  The address of the Corporation’s principal office in the State of Maryland is c/o The Corporation Trust Incorporated, 351 West Camden Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201.  The Corporation may have such other offices and places of business within or outside the State of Maryland as the Board of Directors of the Corporation (the “ Board ”) may from time to time determine.
 
ARTICLE 3
 
Section 3.01 .  Purpose.   The purposes for which the Corporation is formed are to engage in any lawful act or activity (including, without limitation or obligation, qualifying and engaging in business as a real estate investment trust under Sections 856 through 860 (a “ REIT ”), or any successor sections, of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “ Code ”)), for which corporations may be organized under the Maryland General Corporation Law (the “ MGCL ”) and the general laws of the State of Maryland as now or hereafter in force.
 
 
 

 
 
ARTICLE 4
 
Section 4.01 .  Capitalization.   The total number of shares of stock which the Corporation shall have authority to issue is 415,066,666, consisting of 400,066,666 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “ Common Stock ”), and 15,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “ Preferred Stock ” and together with the Common Stock, the “ Shares ”).  The aggregate par value of all authorized shares having a par value is $4,150,666.66.   If shares of one class of stock are classified or reclassified into shares of another class of stock pursuant to Section 4.02 or 4.03 of this ARTICLE 4 , the number of authorized shares of the former class shall be automatically decreased and the number of shares of the latter class shall be automatically increased, in each case by the number of shares so classified or reclassified, so that the aggregate number of shares of stock of all classes that the Corporation has authority to issue shall not be more than the total number of shares of stock set forth in the first sentence of this paragraph.   The Board, with the approval of a majority of the entire Board and without any action by the stockholders of the Corporation, may amend the Charter from time to time to increase or decrease the aggregate number of shares of stock or the number of shares of stock of any class or series that the Corporation has authority to issue.
 
Section 4.02 .  Common Stock.
 
(a)         Voting Rights Subject to the provisions of Section 4.04 and except as may otherwise be specified in the Charter, each share of Common Stock shall entitle the holder thereof to one vote.
 
(b)         Dividends .  Subject to applicable law and the rights, if any, of the holders of any outstanding class or series of Preferred Stock or any other class or series of stock having a preference over or the right to participate with the Common Stock with respect to the payment of dividends, dividends may be declared and paid on the Common Stock out of the assets of the Corporation that are by law available therefor at such times and in such amounts as the Board in its discretion shall determine.
 
(c)         Liquidation, Dissolution or Winding Up .  In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the affairs of the Corporation, after payment or provision for payment of the debts and other liabilities of the Corporation and of the preferential and other amounts, if any, to which the holders of Preferred Stock shall be entitled, the holders of all outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be entitled to receive, on a pro rata basis, the remaining assets of the Corporation available for distribution ratably in proportion to the number of shares held by each such stockholder.
 
(d)         Unissued Shares .  The Board may, by articles supplementary, classify or reclassify any unissued shares of Common Stock from time to time , into one or more classes or series of stock, by setting or changing the preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends, qualifications, or terms or conditions of redemption of such shares.
 
 
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(e)          Certain Definitions .  As used in the Charter:
 
(i)          “ Person ” or “ person ” means any individual, firm, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, trust, joint venture or other enterprise or entity.
 
(ii)         Each of the terms “ include ”, “ includes ” and ” including ” shall be construed as if followed by the phrase “without limitation”.
 
(iii)        “ IPO ” means the initial public offering of any of the Shares by the Corporation.
 
Section 4.03 .  Preferred Stock.
 
(a)        The Board may, by articles supplementary, classify or reclassify any unissued shares of Preferred Stock from time to time , into one or more classes or series of stock, by setting or changing the preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends, qualifications, or terms or conditions of redemption of such shares.
 
(b)        Holders of a series of Preferred Stock, as such, shall be entitled only to such voting rights, if any, as shall expressly be granted thereto by the Charter (including any articles supplementary relating to such series).
 
Section 4.04 . Restrictions on Ownership and Transfer.
 
(a)          Definitions .  For purposes of this Section 4.04 , the following terms shall have the following meanings:
 
(i)             “ Aggregate Share Ownership Limit ” means not more than 9.8% in value of the aggregate of the outstanding Shares and not more than 9.8% (in value or in number of shares, whichever is more restrictive) of any class or series of Shares.
 
(ii)            “ Beneficial Ownership ” means ownership of Shares by a Person, whether the interest in the Shares is held directly or indirectly (including by a nominee), and shall include interests that would be treated as owned through the application of Section 544 of the Code, as modified by Section 856(h)(1)(B) of the Code.  The terms “ Beneficial Owner ”, “ Beneficially Owns ” and “ Beneficially Owned ” shall have meanings correlative thereto.
 
(iii)           “ Business Day ” means any day, other than a Saturday or Sunday, that is neither a legal holiday nor a day on which banking institutions in New York City are authorized or required by law, regulation or executive order to close.
 
(iv)           “ Charitable Beneficiary ” means one or more beneficiaries of the Trust as determined pursuant to Section 4.04(c)(vi) , provided that each such organization must be described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Code and contributions to each such organization must be eligible for deduction under each of Sections 170(b)(1)(A), 2055 and 2522 of the Code.
 
 
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(v)            “ Constructive Ownership ” means ownership of Shares by a Person, whether the interest in the Shares is held directly or indirectly (including by a nominee), and shall include interests that would be treated as owned through the application of Section 318(a) of the Code, as modified by Section 856(d)(5) of the Code.  The terms “ Constructive Owner ”, “ Constructively Owns ” and “ Constructively Owned ” shall have meanings correlative thereto.
 
(vi)           “ Excepted Holder ” means a Stockholder for whom an Excepted Holder Limit is created by the Charter or by the Board pursuant to Section 4.04(b)(vii) .
 
(vii)          “ Excepted Holder Limit ” means, provided that the affected Excepted Holder agrees to comply with the requirements established by the Board pursuant to Section 4.04(b)(vii) , and subject to adjustment pursuant to Section 4.04(b)(viii) , the percentage limit established by the Board pursuant to Section 4.04(b)(vii) .
 
(viii)         “ Listing ” means the listing of any of the Common Stock on a national securities exchange or the trading of any of the Common Stock in the over-the-counter market.  The term “ Listed ” shall have a correlative meaning.  Upon such Listing, such shares of Common Stock shall be deemed Listed.
 
(ix)            “ Market Price ” on any date means, with respect to a Share of any class or series of outstanding Shares, the Closing Price for such a Share on such date.  The “ Closing Price ” on any date shall mean the last sale price for such a Share, regular way, or, in case no such sale takes place on such day, the average of the closing bid and asked prices, regular way, for such a Share, in either case as reported on the principal national securities exchange on which such Shares are Listed or admitted to trading or, if such Shares are not Listed or admitted to trading on any national securities exchange, the last quoted price, or, if not so quoted, the average of the high bid and low asked prices in the over-the-counter market, as reported by the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. Automated Quotation System for such a Share or, if such system is no longer in use, the principal other automated quotation system that may then be in use or, if such Shares are not quoted by any such organization, the average of the closing bid and asked prices for such a Share as furnished by a professional market maker making a market in such Shares selected by the Board or, if no trading price is available for such Shares, the fair market value of such a Share, as determined in good faith by the Board.
 
(x)             “ Prohibited Owner ” means, with respect to any purported Transfer, any Person who, but for the provisions of Section 4.04(b)(i) , would Beneficially Own or Constructively Own Shares, and if appropriate in the context, also means any Person who would have been the record owner of the Shares that the Prohibited Owner would have so owned.
 
(xi)            “ Restriction Termination Date ” means the first day after the commencement of the IPO on which the Corporation determines pursuant to Section 6.01(g) that it is no longer in the best interests of the Corporation to attempt to, or continue to, qualify as a REIT or that compliance with the restrictions and limitations on Beneficial Ownership, Constructive Ownership and Transfers of Shares set forth herein is no longer required in order for the Corporation to qualify as a REIT.
 
 
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(xii)          “ Transfer ” means any issuance, sale, transfer, gift, assignment, devise or other disposition, as well as any other event that causes any Person to acquire Beneficial Ownership or Constructive Ownership, or any agreement to take any such actions or cause any such events, of Shares or the right to vote or receive dividends on Shares, including (A) the granting or exercise of any option (or any disposition of any option), (B) any disposition of any securities or rights exercisable or convertible into or exchangeable for Shares or any interest in Shares or any exercise of any such exercise, conversion or exchange right, and (C) Transfers of interests in one or more other Persons that result in changes in Beneficial Ownership or Constructive Ownership of Shares; in each case, whether voluntary or involuntary, whether owned of record, Constructively Owned or Beneficially Owned and whether by operation of law or otherwise.  The terms “ Transferring ” and “ Transferred ” shall have meanings correlative thereto.
 
(xiii)         “ Trust ” means any trust provided for in Section 4.04(c)(i) .
 
(xiv)         “ Trustee ” means the Person unaffiliated with the Corporation and a Prohibited Owner, that is appointed by the Corporation to serve as trustee of the Trust.
 
(b)        Shares .
 
(i)         Ownership Limitations .  During the period commencing on the date that the Corporation elects to qualify for federal income tax treatment as a REIT and prior to the Restriction Termination Date, but subject to Section 4.05 :
 
(A)       Basic Restrictions .
 
(1)           No Person, other than an Excepted Holder, shall Beneficially Own or Constructively Own Shares in excess of the Aggregate Share Ownership Limit.  No Excepted Holder shall Beneficially Own or Constructively Own Shares in excess of the Excepted Holder Limit for such Excepted Holder.
 
(2)           No Person shall Beneficially Own or Constructively Own Shares to the extent that such Beneficial or Constructive Ownership of Shares would result in the Corporation being “closely held” within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Code (without regard to whether the ownership interest is held during the last half of a taxable year), or otherwise failing to qualify as a REIT (including Beneficial Ownership or Constructive Ownership that would result in the Corporation actually owning or Constructively Owning an interest in a tenant that is described in Section 856(d)(2)(B) of the Code if the income derived by the Corporation from such tenant would cause the Corporation to fail to satisfy any of the gross income requirements of Section 856(c) of the Code).
 
 
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(3)           Any Transfer of Shares that, if effective, would result in Shares being Beneficially Owned by less than 100 Persons (determined under the principles of Section 856(a)(5) of the Code) shall be void ab initio , and the intended transferee shall acquire no rights in such Shares.
 
(B)        Transfer in Trust .  If any Transfer of Shares occurs which, if effective, would result in any Person Beneficially Owning or Constructively Owning Shares in violation of Section 4.04(b)(i)(A)(1) or 4.04(b)(i)(A)(2) ,
 
(1)           then that number of Shares the Beneficial Ownership or Constructive Ownership of which otherwise would cause such Person to violate Section 4.04(b)(i)(A)(1) or 4.04(b)(i)(A)(2) (rounded to the nearest whole share) shall be automatically Transferred to a Trust for the benefit of a Charitable Beneficiary, as described in Section 4.04(c) , effective as of the close of business on the Business Day prior to the date of such Transfer, and such Person shall acquire no rights in such Shares; or
 
(2)           if the Transfer to the Trust described in clause (1) of this Section 4.04(b)(i)(B) would not be effective for any reason to prevent the violation of Section 4.04(b)(i)(A)(1) or 4.04(b)(i)(A)(2) , then the Transfer of that number of Shares that otherwise would cause any Person to violate Section 4.04(b)(i)(A)(1) or 4.04(b)(i)(A)(2) shall be void ab initio , and the intended transferee shall acquire no rights in such Shares.
 
(ii)            Remedies for Breach .  If the Board or any duly authorized committee thereof shall at any time determine in good faith that a Transfer or other event has taken place that results in a violation of Section 4.04(b)(i) or that a Person intends to acquire or has attempted to acquire Beneficial Ownership or Constructive Ownership of any Shares in violation of Section 4.04(b)(i) (whether or not such violation is intended), the Board or a committee thereof shall take such action as it deems advisable to refuse to give effect to or to prevent such Transfer or other event, including causing the Corporation to redeem Shares, refusing to give effect to such Transfer on the books of the Corporation or instituting proceedings to enjoin such Transfer or other event; provided , however , that any Transfer or attempted Transfer or other event in violation of Section 4.04(b)(i) shall automatically result in the Transfer to the Trust described above, and, where applicable, such Transfer (or other event) shall be void ab initio as provided above irrespective of any action (or non-action) by the Board or a committee thereof.
 
 
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(iii)            Notice of Restricted Transfer .  Any Person who acquires or attempts or intends to acquire Beneficial Ownership or Constructive Ownership of Shares that will or may violate Section 4.04(b)(i)(A)(1) or 4.04(b)(i)(A)(2) or any Person who would have owned Shares that resulted in a Transfer to the Trust pursuant to the provisions of Section 4.04(b)(i)(B) shall immediately give written notice to the Corporation of such event, or, in the case of such a proposed or attempted transaction, give at least 15 days’ prior written notice, and shall provide to the Corporation such other information as the Corporation may request in order to determine the effect, if any, of such Transfer on the Corporation’s status as a REIT.
 
(iv)       Owners Required to Provide Information .  From the commencement of the IPO and prior to the Restriction Termination Date:
 
(A)       at the request of the Corporation, every owner of more than 5% (or such lower percentage as required by the Code or the Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder) of the outstanding Shares, within 30 days after the end of each taxable year, shall give written notice to the Corporation stating the name and address of such owner, the number of Shares Beneficially Owned and a description of the manner in which such Shares are held.  Each such owner shall provide to the Corporation such additional information as the Corporation may request in order to determine the effect, if any, of such Beneficial Ownership on the Corporation’s status as a REIT and to ensure compliance with the Aggregate Share Ownership Limit; and
 
(B)        each Person who is a Beneficial Owner or a Constructive Owner of Shares and each Person (including the stockholder of record) who is holding Shares for a Beneficial Owner or a Constructive Owner shall provide to the Corporation such information as the Corporation may request, in good faith, in order to determine the Corporation’s status as a REIT and to comply with requirements of any taxing authority or governmental authority or to determine such compliance.
 
(v)        Remedies Not Limited .  Subject to Section 6.01(g) , nothing contained in this Section 4.04(b)(v) shall limit the authority of the Board to take such other action as it deems necessary or advisable to protect the Corporation and the interests of its stockholders in preserving the Corporation’s status as a REIT.
 
 
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(vi)       Ambiguity .  In the case of an ambiguity in the application of any of the provisions of this Section 4.04(b) , Section 4.04(c) , or any definition contained in Section 4.04(a) , the Board shall have the power to determine the application of the provisions of this Section 4.04(b) or Section 4.04(c) or any such definition with respect to any situation based on the facts known to it.  If Section 4.04(b) or Section 4.04(c) requires an action by the Board and the Charter fails to provide specific guidance with respect to such action, the Board shall have the power to determine the action to be taken so long as such action is not contrary to the provisions of this Section 4.04 .  Absent a decision to the contrary by the Board (which the Board may make in its sole and absolute discretion), if a Person would have (but for the remedies set forth in Section 4.04(b)(ii) ) acquired Beneficial Ownership or Constructive Ownership of Shares in violation of Section 4.04(b)(i) , such remedies (as applicable) shall apply first to the Shares which, but for such remedies, would have been Beneficially Owned or Constructively Owned (but not actually owned) by such Person, pro rata among the Persons who actually own such Shares based upon the relative number of the Shares held by each such Person.
 
(vii)      Exceptions .
 
(A)      Subject to Section 4.04(b)(i)(A)(2) , the Board, in its sole discretion, may (prospectively or retroactively) exempt a Person from the Aggregate Share Ownership Limit and may establish or increase an Excepted Holder Limit for such Person if:
 
(1)           the Board obtains such representations and undertakings from such Person as are reasonably necessary to ascertain that no individual’s Beneficial Ownership or Constructive Ownership of such Shares will violate Section 4.04(b)(i)(A)(2) ;
 
(2)           such Person represents that it does not, and undertakes that it will not, actually own or Constructively Own an interest in a tenant of the Corporation (or a tenant of any entity owned or controlled by the Corporation) that would cause the Corporation to actually own or Constructively Own more than a 9.8% interest (as set forth in Section 856(d)(2)(B) of the Code) in such tenant and the Board obtains such representations and undertakings from such Person as are reasonably necessary to ascertain this fact (for this purpose, a tenant from whom the Corporation (or an entity owned or controlled by the Corporation) derives (and is expected to continue to derive) a sufficiently small amount of revenue such that, in the opinion of the Board, rent from such tenant would not adversely affect the Corporation’s ability to qualify as a REIT, shall not be treated as a tenant of the Corporation); and
 
(3)           such Person agrees that any violation or attempted violation of such representations or undertakings (or other action which is contrary to the restrictions contained in Section 4.04(b)(i) through Section 4.04(b)(vi) ) will result in such Shares being automatically Transferred to a Trust in accordance with Section 4.04(b)(i)(B) and Section 4.04(c) .
 
 
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(B)       Prior to granting any exception pursuant to Section 4.04(b)(vii)(A) , the Board may require a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service, or an opinion of counsel, in either case in form and substance satisfactory to the Board in its sole discretion, as it may deem necessary or advisable in order to determine or ensure the Corporation’s status as a REIT.  Notwithstanding the receipt of any ruling or opinion, the Board may impose such conditions or restrictions as it deems appropriate in connection with granting such exception.

(C)       Subject to Section 4.04(b)(i)(A)(2) , an underwriter which participates in an offering or a private placement of Shares (or securities convertible or exercisable into or exchangeable for Shares) may Beneficially Own or Constructively Own Shares (or securities convertible or exercisable into or exchangeable for Shares) in excess of the Aggregate Share Ownership Limit, but only to the extent necessary to facilitate such offering or private placement.
 
(D)       The Board may only reduce the Excepted Holder Limit for an Excepted Holder:  (1) with the written consent of such Excepted Holder at any time; or (2) pursuant to the terms and conditions of the agreements and undertakings entered into with such Excepted Holder in connection with the establishment of the Excepted Holder Limit for that Excepted Holder.  No Excepted Holder Limit shall be reduced to a percentage that is less than the Aggregate Share Ownership Limit.
 
(viii)     Increase or Decrease in Aggregate Share Ownership Limit .  Subject to Section 4.04(b)(i)(A)(2) , the Board may from time to time increase the Aggregate Share Ownership Limit for one or more Persons and decrease the Aggregate Share Ownership Limit for all other Persons; provided , however , that the decreased Aggregate Share Ownership Limit will not be effective for any Person whose percentage ownership of Shares is in excess of such decreased Aggregate Share Ownership Limit until such time as such Person’s percentage of Shares equals or falls below the decreased Aggregate Share Ownership Limit, but any further acquisition of Shares in excess of such percentage ownership of Shares will be in violation of the Aggregate Share Ownership Limit; provided further , however , that the new Aggregate Share Ownership Limit would not allow five or fewer Persons to Beneficially Own or Constructively Own more than 49.9% in value of the outstanding Shares.
 
(ix)       Notice to Stockholders Upon Issuance or Transfer .  Upon issuance or Transfer of Shares prior to the Restriction Termination Date, the Corporation shall provide the recipient with a notice containing information about the Shares purchased or otherwise Transferred, in lieu of issuance of a share certificate, in a form substantially similar to the following:
 
 
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The securities of Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. (the “ Corporation ”) are subject to restrictions on Beneficial and Constructive Ownership and Transfer for the purpose, among others, of the Corporation’s maintenance of its status as a real estate investment trust under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “ Code ”).  Subject to certain further restrictions and except as expressly provided in the Corporation’s charter:  (i) no Person may Beneficially or Constructively Own Shares in excess of 9.8% of the value of the total outstanding Shares or 9.8% (in value or in number of shares, whichever is more restrictive) of any class or series of Shares unless such Person is an Excepted Holder (in which case the Excepted Holder Limit shall be applicable); (ii) no Person may Beneficially or Constructively Own Shares that would result in the Corporation being “closely held” under Section 856(h) of the Code or otherwise cause the Corporation to fail to qualify as a REIT; and (iii) any Transfer of Shares that, if effective, would result in the Shares being Beneficially Owned by fewer than 100 Persons (determined under the principles of Section 856(a)(5) of the Code) shall be void ab initio and the intended transferee shall acquire no rights in such Shares.  Any Person who Beneficially or Constructively Owns or attempts to Beneficially or Constructively Own Shares which causes or will cause a Person to Beneficially or Constructively Own Shares in excess or in violation of the above limitations immediately must notify the Corporation (or, in the case of an attempted transaction, give at least 15 days’ prior written notice).  If any of the restrictions on Transfer or ownership as set forth in clauses (i) and (ii) above are violated, then the Shares in excess or in violation of such limitations will be automatically transferred to a Trustee of a Trust for the benefit of one or more Charitable Beneficiaries.  In addition, the Corporation may redeem shares upon the terms and conditions specified by the Board in its sole discretion if the Board determines that ownership or a Transfer or other event may violate the restrictions described above.  Furthermore, upon the occurrence of certain events, attempted Transfers in violation of the restrictions described above may be void ab initio .  All capitalized terms in this notice have the meanings defined in the Corporation’s charter, as the same may be amended from time to time, a copy of which, including the restrictions on Transfer and ownership, will be furnished to each holder of Shares on request and without charge.  Requests for such a copy may be directed to the Secretary of the Corporation at its principal office.
 
 
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(c)         Transfer of Shares in Trust .
 
(i)         Ownership in Trust .  Upon any purported Transfer or other event described in Section 4.04(b)(i)(B) that would result in a Transfer of Shares to a Trust, such Shares shall be Transferred to the Trustee as trustee of a Trust for the exclusive benefit of one or more Charitable Beneficiaries.  Such Transfer to the Trustee shall be effective as of the close of business on the Business Day prior to the purported Transfer or other event that results in the Transfer to the Trust pursuant to Section 4.04(b)(i)(B) .  The Trustee shall be appointed by the Corporation and shall be a Person unaffiliated with the Corporation and any Prohibited Owner.  Each Charitable Beneficiary shall be designated by the Corporation as provided in Section 4.04(c)(vi) .
 
(ii)        Status of Shares Held by The Trustee .  Shares held by the Trustee shall be issued and outstanding Shares.  The Prohibited Owner shall have no rights in the Shares held in trust by the Trustee.  The Prohibited Owner shall not benefit economically from ownership of any Shares held in trust by the Trustee, shall have no rights to dividends or other distributions and shall not possess any rights to vote or other rights attributable to the Shares held in the Trust.
 
(iii)       Dividend and Voting Rights .  The Trustee shall have all voting rights and rights to dividends or other distributions with respect to Shares held in the Trust, which rights shall be exercised for the exclusive benefit of the Charitable Beneficiary.  Any dividend or other distribution paid prior to the discovery by the Corporation that the Shares have been Transferred to the Trustee shall be paid by the recipient of such dividend or other distribution to the Trustee upon demand and any dividend or other distribution authorized but unpaid shall be paid when due to the Trustee.  Any dividend or other distribution so paid to the Trustee shall be held in trust for the Charitable Beneficiary.  The Prohibited Owner shall have no voting rights with respect to shares held in the Trust and, subject to Maryland law, effective as of the date that the Shares have been Transferred to the Trustee, the Trustee shall have the authority (at the Trustee’s sole discretion) (A) to rescind as void any vote cast by a Prohibited Owner prior to the discovery by the Corporation that the Shares have been Transferred to the Trustee, and (B) to recast such vote in accordance with the desires of the Trustee acting for the benefit of the Charitable Beneficiary; provided , however , that if the Corporation has already taken irreversible corporate action, then the Trustee shall not have the authority to rescind and recast such vote.  Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 4.04 , until the Corporation has received notification that Shares have been Transferred into a Trust, the Corporation shall be entitled to rely on its stock Transfer and other stockholder records for purposes of preparing lists of Stockholders entitled to vote at meetings, determining the validity and authority of proxies and otherwise conducting votes of Stockholders.
 
 
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(iv)       Sale of Shares by Trustee .  Within 20 days of receiving notice from the Corporation that Shares have been Transferred to the Trust, the Trustee shall sell the Shares held in the Trust to a Person, designated by the Trustee, whose ownership of the Shares will not violate the ownership limitations set forth in Section 4.04(b)(i)(A) or 4.04(b)(i)(B) .  Upon such sale, the interest of the Charitable Beneficiary in the Shares sold shall terminate and the Trustee shall distribute the net proceeds of the sale to the Prohibited Owner and to the Charitable Beneficiary as provided in this Section 4.04(c)(iv) .  The Prohibited Owner shall receive the lesser of (A) the price paid by the Prohibited Owner for the Shares or, if the Prohibited Owner did not give value for the Shares in connection with the event causing the Shares to be held in the Trust ( e.g. , in the case of a gift, devise or other such transaction), the Market Price of the Shares on the day of the event causing the Shares to be held in the Trust and (B) the price per Share received by the Trustee from the sale or other disposition of the Shares held in the Trust.  The Trustee may reduce the amount payable to the Prohibited Owner by the amount of dividends and other distributions which have been paid to the Prohibited Owner and are owed by the Prohibited Owner to the Trustee pursuant to Section 4.04(c)(iii) .  Any net sales proceeds in excess of the amount payable to the Prohibited Owner shall be immediately paid to the Charitable Beneficiary.  If, prior to the discovery by the Corporation that Shares have been Transferred to the Trustee, such Shares are sold by a Prohibited Owner, then (1) such Shares shall be deemed to have been sold on behalf of the Trust, and (2) to the extent that the Prohibited Owner received an amount for such Shares that exceeds the amount that such Prohibited Owner was entitled to receive pursuant to this Section 4.04 , such excess shall be paid to the Trustee upon demand.
 
(v)        Purchase Right in Stock Transferred to The Trustee .  Shares Transferred to the Trustee shall be deemed to have been offered for sale to the Corporation, or its designee, at a price per Share equal to the lesser of (A) the price per Share in the transaction that resulted in such Transfer to the Trust (or, in the case of a devise or gift, the Market Price at the time of such devise or gift) and (B) the Market Price on the date the Corporation, or its designee, accepts such offer.  The Corporation may reduce the amount payable to the Prohibited Owner by the amount of dividends and other distributions which has been paid to the Prohibited Owner and is owed by the Prohibited Owner to the Trustee pursuant to Section 4.04(c)(iii) .  The Corporation may pay the amount of such reduction to the Trustee for the benefit of the Charitable Beneficiary.  The Corporation shall have the right to accept such offer until the Trustee has sold the Shares held in the Trust pursuant to Section 4.04(c)(iv) .  Upon such a sale to the Corporation, the interest of the Charitable Beneficiary in the Shares sold shall terminate and the Trustee shall distribute the net proceeds of the sale to the Prohibited Owner.
 
(vi)       Designation of Charitable Beneficiaries .  By written notice to the Trustee, the Corporation shall designate one (1) or more nonprofit organizations to be the Charitable Beneficiary of the interest in the Trust such that (A) the Shares held in the Trust would not violate the restrictions set forth in Section 4.04(b)(i)(A) or 4.04(b)(i)(B) in the hands of such Charitable Beneficiary and (B) each such organization must be described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Code and contributions to each such organization must be eligible for deduction under each of Sections 170(b)(1)(A), 2055 and 2522 of the Code.
 
 
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Section 4.05 . Settlements .  Nothing in Section 4.04 shall preclude the settlement of any transaction entered into through the facilities of the New York Stock Exchange or any other national securities exchange or automated inter-dealer quotation system.  The fact that the settlement of any transaction occurs shall not negate the effect of any provision of Section 4.04 , and any transfer in such a transaction shall be subject to all of the provisions and limitations set forth in Section 4.04 .
 
ARTICLE 5
 
Section 5.01 .  By-laws.   The Board shall have the exclusive power to adopt, alter or repeal any provision of the Corporation’s By-laws and to make new By-laws.
 
ARTICLE 6
 
Section 6.01 .  Board of Directors.
 
(a)        The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board which shall consist of not less than two nor more than ten directors.  The number of directors as of the Effective Time (as defined below) is fixed at three.  The number of directors may be changed from time to time solely by resolution adopted by the affirmative vote of a majority of the entire Board.  As used in these Articles of Amendment and Restatement, the “ Effective Time ” shall be upon the filing of these Articles of Amendment and Restatement with, and acceptance for record of these Articles of Amendment and Restatement by, the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of Maryland.   Each director shall serve for a term of one year, until the next annual meeting of the stockholders.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, each director shall hold office until such director’s successor shall have been duly elected and qualified or until such director’s earlier death, resignation or removal.  In no event will a decrease in the number of directors shorten the term of any incumbent director.
 
(b)        The name(s) of the person(s) who are to serve as director(s) as of the Effective Time are:
 
Gary B. Coursey
  
Leonard A. Silverstein
  
John A. Williams
 
 
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(c)       There shall be no cumulative voting in the election of directors.  Election of directors need not be by written ballot unless the By-laws of the Corporation so provide.
 
(d)       Vacancies on the Board resulting from death, resignation, removal or otherwise and newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the number of directors may be filled by the Board in the manner provided in the By-laws of the Corporation.
 
(e)        Removal of Directors . Any director may be removed from office, with or without cause, by the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than 66-2/3% of the total voting power of all outstanding Common Stock of the Corporation.
 
(f)       Notwithstanding the foregoing, whenever the holders of one or more classes or series of Preferred Stock shall have the right, voting separately as a class or series, to elect directors, the election, term of office, filling of vacancies, removal and other features of such directorships shall be governed by the terms of the Preferred Stock set by the Board pursuant to ARTICLE 4 applicable thereto, and such directors so elected shall not be subject to the provisions of this ARTICLE 6 unless otherwise provided therein.
 
(g)        REIT Qualification .  If the Corporation elects to qualify for federal income tax treatment as a REIT, the Board shall use its reasonable best efforts to take such actions as are necessary or appropriate to preserve the status of the Corporation as a REIT; however, if the Board determines that it is no longer in the best interests of the Corporation to continue to be qualified as a REIT, the Board may revoke or otherwise terminate the Corporation’s REIT election pursuant to Section 856(g) of the Code.  The Board also may determine that compliance with any restriction or limitation on stock ownership and transfers set forth in Section 4.04 is no longer required for REIT qualification.
 
(h)      Authorization by Board of Stock Issuance . The Board may authorize the issuance from time to time of shares of stock of the Corporation of any class or series, whether now or hereafter authorized, or securities or rights exercisable or convertible into shares of its stock of any class or series, whether now or hereafter authorized, for such consideration as the Board may deem advisable (or without consideration in the case of a stock split or stock dividend), subject to such restrictions or limitations, if any, as may be set forth in the Charter or the By-laws of the Corporation.
 
 
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ARTICLE 7
 
Section 7.01 .  Meetings of Stockholders.   Any action required or permitted to be taken at any annual or special meeting of stockholders may be taken without a meeting if a unanimous consent setting forth the action is given in writing or by electronic transmission by each stockholder entitled to vote on the matter and filed with the minutes of proceedings of the stockholders; provided, however , that any action required or permitted to be taken, to the extent expressly permitted by the articles supplementary relating to one or more classes or series of Preferred Stock, by the holders of such class or series of Preferred Stock (voting separately as a class or a series with one or more other such classes or series), may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent or consents in writing or by electronic transmission, setting forth the action so taken, shall be given by the holders of outstanding shares of the relevant class or series having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted by delivery to the Corporation’s principal place of business, or to an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the book in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded.  A special meeting of the stockholders may be called by the Board, the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer or the President of the Corporation and must be called by the Secretary to act on any matter that may properly be considered at a meeting of stockholders upon written request of the stockholders entitled to cast a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast on any such matter at such a meeting as provided in the By-laws of the Corporation.
 
ARTICLE 8
 
Section 8.01 .  Limited Liability Of Directors And Officers.   To the maximum extent that Maryland law in effect from time to time permits limitation of the liability of directors and officers of a corporation, no present or former director or officer of the Corporation shall be liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for money damages.  Neither the amendment nor repeal of this ARTICLE 8 , nor the adoption or amendment of any provision of the Charter or the By-laws of the Corporation that is inconsistent with this ARTICLE 8 , shall apply to or affect in any respect the applicability of the immediately preceding sentence with respect to any act or failure to act which occurred prior to any such amendment, repeal or adoption.
 
ARTICLE 9
 
Section 9.01 .  Indemnification.
 
(a)        To the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law in effect from time to time, the Corporation shall indemnify and, without requiring a preliminary determination of the ultimate entitlement to indemnification, shall pay or reimburse reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding to (i) any individual who is a present or former director or officer of the Corporation and who is made or threatened to be made a party to the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity, or (ii) any individual who, while a director or officer of the Corporation and at the request of the Corporation, serves or has served as a director, officer, partner, trustee, member or manager of another corporation, real estate investment trust, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise and who is made or threatened to be made a party to the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity.  The rights to indemnification and advance of expenses provided by the Charter and the By-laws shall vest immediately upon election of a director or officer.  The Corporation may, with the approval of its Board, provide such indemnification and advance for expenses to an individual who served a predecessor of the Corporation in any of the capacities described in clause (i) or (ii) above and to any employee or agent of the Corporation or a predecessor of the Corporation.  The indemnification and payment or reimbursement of expenses provided in the Charter shall not be deemed exclusive of or limit in any way other rights to which any person seeking indemnification or payment or reimbursement of expenses may be or may become entitled under any bylaw, resolution, insurance, agreement or otherwise.  The right to indemnification conferred in this ARTICLE 9 shall be a contract right.
 
 
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(b)        The Corporation shall have power to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another person against any expense, liability or loss incurred by such person in any such capacity or arising out of such person’s status as such, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such liability under the MGCL.
 
(c)        Neither the amendment nor repeal of this ARTICLE 9 , nor the adoption of any provision of the Charter or the By-laws of the Corporation, nor, to the fullest extent permitted by the MGCL, any modification of law, shall eliminate or reduce the effect of this ARTICLE 9 in respect of any acts or omissions occurring prior to such amendment, repeal, adoption or modification.
 
ARTICLE 10
 
Section 10.01 .  Corporate Opportunities.
 
(a)        In anticipation that one or more of the directors, officers and employees of the Corporation may engage in, and are permitted to have, investments or other business relationships, ventures, agreements or arrangements with entities engaged in, the same or similar activities or lines of business, and in recognition of (i) the benefits to be derived by the Corporation through the continued service of such officers, directors and employees, and (ii) the difficulties attendant to any officer, director or employee, who desires and endeavors fully to satisfy his or her duties, in determining the full scope of such duties in any particular situation, the provisions of this ARTICLE 10 are set forth to regulate, define and guide the conduct of certain affairs of the Corporation as they may involve such officers, directors and employees, and the powers, rights, duties and liabilities of the Corporation and its officers, directors, employees and stockholders in connection therewith.

(b)        None of the officers, directors and the employees of the Corporation shall have a duty to refrain from engaging directly or indirectly in the same or similar business activities or lines of business as the Corporation, and no officer, director or employee of the Corporation shall be liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for breach of any duty by reason of any such activities.  If any officer, director or employee of the Corporation acquires knowledge of a potential transaction or matter that may be a business opportunity for the Corporation, such officer, director or employee shall have no duty to communicate or offer such business opportunity to the Corporation and shall not be liable to the Corporation or any of its stockholders for breach of any duty by reason of the fact that such business opportunity is not communicated or offered to the Corporation unless such business opportunity is offered to such person in his or her capacity as a director, officer or employee of the Corporation.
 
 
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(c)        Any person purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in any shares of capital stock of the Corporation shall be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to the provisions of this ARTICLE 10 .
 
(d)        None of the alteration, amendment, change and repeal of any provision of this ARTICLE 10 nor the adoption of any provision of the Charter inconsistent with any provision of this ARTICLE 10 shall eliminate or reduce the effect of this ARTICLE 10 in respect of any matter occurring, or any cause of action, suit or claim that, but for this ARTICLE 10 , would accrue or arise, prior to such alteration, amendment, change, repeal or adoption.
 
ARTICLE 11
 
Section 11.01 .  Severability.   If any provision or provisions of the Charter shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable as applied to any circumstance for any reason whatsoever:  (a) the validity, legality and enforceability of such provisions in any other circumstance and of the remaining provisions of these Articles of Amendment and Restatement (including each portion of any paragraph of these Articles of Amendment and Restatement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable that is not itself held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby, and (b) to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of these Articles of Amendment and Restatement (including each such portion of any paragraph of these Articles of Amendment and Restatement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to permit the Corporation to protect its directors, officers, employees and agents from personal liability in respect of their good faith service to or for the benefit of the Corporation to the fullest extent permitted by law.
 
ARTICLE 12
 
Section 12.01 .  Amendment.   The Corporation reserves the right from time to time to make any amendment to the Charter, now or hereafter authorized by law, including any amendment altering the terms or contract rights, as expressly set forth in the Charter, of any shares of outstanding stock.  All rights and powers conferred by the Charter on stockholders, directors and officers are granted subject to this reservation.
 
 
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SECOND :  The amendment to and restatement of the Charter as hereinabove set forth have been duly advised by the Board and approved by the stockholders of the Corporation as required by law.
 
THIRD :  The current address of the principal office of the Corporation is as set forth in ARTICLE 2 of the foregoing amendment and restatement of the Charter.
 
FOURTH :  The name and address of the Corporation's current resident agent is as set forth in ARTICLE 2 of the foregoing amendment and restatement of the Charter.
 
FIFTH :  The number of directors of the Corporation and the names of those currently in office are as set forth in ARTICLE 6 of the foregoing amendment and restatement of the Charter.
 
SIXTH :  The total number of shares of stock which the Corporation had authority to issue immediately prior to the foregoing amendment and restatement of the Charter was 415,066,666, consisting of (a) 400,033,333 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, (b) 33,333 shares of Class B Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, and (c) 15,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share.  The aggregate par value of all authorized shares of stock having par value was $4,150,666.66.

SEVENTH :  The total number of shares of stock which the Corporation has authority to issue pursuant to the foregoing amendment and restatement of the Charter is 415,066,666, consisting of (a) 400,066,666 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share and (b) 15,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share.  The aggregate par value of all authorized shares of stock having par value is $4,150,666.66.
 
EIGHTH :  The undersigned acknowledges these Articles of Amendment and Restatement to be the corporate act of the Corporation and as to all matters or facts required to be verified under oath, the undersigned acknowledges that, to the best of his knowledge, information and belief, these matters and facts are true in all material respects and that this statement is made under the penalties for perjury.
 
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Corporation has caused these Articles of Amendment and Restatement to be signed in its name and on its behalf by its President and attested to by its Secretary on this 18th day of February, 2011.
 
ATTEST:
 
PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES, INC.
         
/s/ Leonard A. Silverstein   
By: 
/s/ John A. Williams 
 (SEAL)
         
Leonard A. Silverstein
   
John A. Williams
 
         
Secretary
    
President
   
 
 
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THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED BY-LAWS
 
OF
 
PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES, INC.
 
ARTICLE 1
OFFICES
 
Section 1.01.       Principal Office.   The principal office of the Corporation in the State of Maryland shall be located at such place as the Board of Directors may designate.
 
Section 1.02.       Other Offices.   The Corporation also may have offices, including a principal executive office, at such other places both within and without the State of Maryland as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine or the business of the Corporation may require.
 
Section 1.03.       Books.   The books of the Corporation may be kept within or without the State of Maryland as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine or the business of the Corporation may require.
 
ARTICLE 2
MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS
 
Section 2.01.       Place of Meetings.   All meetings of stockholders shall be held at the principal executive office of the Corporation or at such other place as shall be set in accordance with these by-laws and stated in the notice of the meeting.
 
Section 2.02.       Annual Meetings.   An annual meeting of the stockholders for the election of directors and the transaction of any business within the powers of the Corporation shall be held on the date and at the time and place set by the Board of Directors, commencing with the year 2010.
 
Section 2.03.       Special Meetings.
 
(a)           General .  Each of the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer and the President of the Corporation may call a special meeting of stockholders.  Except as provided in Section 2.03(b)(iv) , a special meeting of stockholders shall be held on the date and at the time and place set by the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer or the President, whoever has called the meeting.  Subject to Section 2.03(b) , a special meeting of stockholders also shall be called by the Secretary of the Corporation to act on any matter that may properly be considered at a meeting of stockholders upon the written request of stockholders entitled to cast not less than a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast on such matter at such meeting.

 
 

 
 
(b)           Stockholder-Requested Special Meetings .
 
(i)         Any stockholder of record seeking to have stockholders request a special meeting shall, by sending written notice to the Secretary (the “ Record Date Request Notice ”) by registered mail, return receipt requested, request the Board of Directors to fix a record date to determine the stockholders entitled to request a special meeting (the “ Request Record Date ”).  The Record Date Request Notice shall set forth the purpose of the meeting and the matters proposed to be acted on at it, shall be signed by one or more stockholders of record as of the date of signature (or their agents duly authorized in a writing accompanying the Record Date Request Notice), shall bear the date of signature of each such stockholder (or such agent) and shall set forth all information relating to each such stockholder, each individual whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election or re-election as a director and each matter proposed to be acted on at the meeting that would be required to be disclosed in connection with the solicitation of proxies for the election of directors or the election of each such individual, as applicable, in an election contest (even if an election contest is not involved), or would otherwise be required in connection with such a solicitation, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A (or any successor provision) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (the “ Exchange Act ”).  Upon receiving the Record Date Request Notice, the Board of Directors may fix a Request Record Date.  The Request Record Date shall not precede and shall not be more than ten days after the close of business on the date on which the resolution fixing the Request Record Date is adopted by the Board of Directors.  If the Board of Directors, within ten days after the date on which a valid Record Date Request Notice is received, fails to adopt a resolution fixing the Request Record Date, the Request Record Date shall be the close of business on the tenth day after the first date on which a Record Date Request Notice is received by the Secretary.
 
(ii)        In order for any stockholder to request a special meeting to act on any matter that properly may be considered at a meeting of stockholders, one or more written requests for a special meeting (collectively, the “ Special Meeting Request ”) signed by stockholders of record (or their agents duly authorized in a writing accompanying the request) as of the Request Record Date entitled to cast not less than a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast on such matter at such meeting (the “ Special Meeting Percentage ”) shall be delivered to the Secretary.  In addition, the Special Meeting Request shall (A) set forth the purpose of the meeting and the matters proposed to be acted on at it (which shall be limited to those lawful matters set forth in the Record Date Request Notice received by the Secretary), (B) bear the date of signature of each such stockholder (or such agent) signing the Special Meeting Request, (C) set forth (1) the name and address, as they appear in the Corporation’s books, of each stockholder signing such request (or on whose behalf the Special Meeting Request is signed), (2) the class, series and number of all shares of stock of the Corporation which are owned (beneficially or of record) by each such stockholder, and (3) the nominee holder for, and number of, shares of stock of the Corporation owned beneficially but not of record by such stockholder, (D) be sent to the Secretary by registered mail, return receipt requested, and (E) be received by the Secretary within 60 days after the Request Record Date.  Any requesting stockholder (or agent duly authorized in a writing accompanying the revocation or the Special Meeting Request) may revoke his, her or its request for a special meeting at any time by written revocation delivered to the Secretary.

 
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(iii)       The Secretary shall inform the requesting stockholders of the reasonably estimated cost of preparing and mailing or delivering the notice of the meeting (including the Corporation’s proxy materials).  The Secretary shall not be required to call a special meeting upon stockholder request and such meeting shall not be held unless, in addition to the documents required by Section 2.03(b)(ii) , the Secretary receives payment of such reasonably estimated cost prior to the preparation and mailing or delivery of such notice of the meeting.
 
(iv)       In the case of any special meeting called by the Secretary upon the request of stockholders (a “ Stockholder-Requested Meeting ”), such meeting shall be held at such place, date and time as may be designated by the Board of Directors; provided , however , that the date of any Stockholder-Requested Meeting shall be not more than 90 days after the record date for such meeting (the “ Meeting Record Date ”); provided further, however, that if the Board of Directors fails to designate, within ten days after the date that a valid Special Meeting Request is actually received by the Secretary (the “ Delivery Date ”), a date and time for a Stockholder-Requested Meeting, then such meeting shall be held at 2:00 p.m., local time, on the 90th day after the Meeting Record Date or, if such 90th day is not a Business Day (as defined below), on the first preceding Business Day; provided further, however, that if the Board of Directors fails to designate a place for a Stockholder-Requested Meeting within ten days after the Delivery Date, then such meeting shall be held at the principal executive office of the Corporation.  In fixing a date for any special meeting, the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer or the President may consider such factors as he, she or it deems relevant, including, without limitation, the nature of the matters to be considered, the facts and circumstances surrounding any request for the meeting and any plan of the Board of Directors to call an annual meeting or a special meeting.  In the case of any Stockholder-Requested Meeting, if the Board of Directors fails to fix a Meeting Record Date that is a date within 30 days after the Delivery Date, then the close of business on the 30th day after the Delivery Date shall be the Meeting Record Date.  The Board of Directors may revoke the notice for any Stockholder-Requested Meeting if the requesting stockholders fail to comply with the provisions of Section 2.03(b)(iii) .
 
(v)        If written revocations of the Special Meeting Request have been delivered to the Secretary and the result is that stockholders of record (or their agents duly authorized in writing), as of the Request Record Date, entitled to cast less than the Special Meeting Percentage have delivered, and not revoked, requests for a special meeting on the matter to the Secretary:  (A) if the notice of meeting has not already been delivered, the Secretary shall refrain from delivering the notice of the meeting and send to all requesting stockholders who have not revoked such requests written notice of any revocation of a request for a special meeting on the matter, or (B) if the notice of meeting has been delivered and if the Secretary first sends to all requesting stockholders who have not revoked requests for a special meeting on the matter written notice of any revocation of a request for the special meeting and written notice of the Corporation’s intention to revoke the notice of the meeting or for the chairman of the meeting to adjourn the meeting without action on the matter, (1) the Secretary may revoke the notice of the meeting at any time before ten days before the commencement of the meeting, or (2) the chairman of the meeting may call the meeting to order and adjourn the meeting without acting on the matter.  Any request for a special meeting received after a revocation by the Secretary of a notice of a meeting shall be considered a request for a new special meeting.

 
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(vi)       The Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer or the President may appoint regionally or nationally recognized independent inspectors of elections to act as the agent of the Corporation for the purpose of promptly performing a ministerial review of the validity of any purported Special Meeting Request received by the Secretary.  For the purpose of permitting the inspectors to perform such review, no such purported Special Meeting Request shall be deemed to have been delivered to the Secretary until the earlier of (A) five Business Days after receipt by the Secretary of such purported request and (B) such date as the independent inspectors certify to the Corporation that the valid requests received by the Secretary represent, as of the Request Record Date, stockholders of record entitled to cast not less than the Special Meeting Percentage.  Nothing contained in this Section 2.03(b)(vi) shall in any way be construed to suggest or imply that the Corporation or any stockholder shall not be entitled to contest the validity of any request, whether during or after such five Business Day period, or to take any other action (including, without limitation, the commencement, prosecution or defense of any litigation with respect thereto, and the seeking of injunctive relief in such litigation).
 
(vii)      For purposes of these by-laws, “ Business Day ” shall mean any day other than a Saturday, a Sunday or a day on which banking institutions in the State of New York or the State of Georgia are authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close.
 
Section 2.04.       Notice of Meetings and Adjourned Meetings; Scope of Notice; Waivers of Notice.
 
(a)          Not less than ten nor more than 90 days before each meeting of stockholders, the Secretary shall give to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting and to each stockholder not entitled to vote who is entitled to notice of the meeting notice in writing or by electronic transmission stating the time and place of the meeting and, in the case of a special meeting or as otherwise may be required by any statute, the purpose for which the meeting is called, by mail, by presenting it to such stockholder personally, by leaving it at the stockholder’s residence or usual place of business or by any other means permitted by the Maryland General Corporation Law (the “ MGCL ”).  If mailed, such notice shall be deemed to be given when deposited in the United States mail addressed to the stockholder at the stockholder’s address as it appears on the records of the Corporation, with postage thereon prepaid.  If transmitted electronically, such notice shall be deemed to be given when transmitted to the stockholder by an electronic transmission to any address or number of the stockholder at which the stockholder receives electronic transmissions.  The Corporation may give a single notice to all stockholders who share an address, which single notice shall be effective as to any stockholder at such address, unless a stockholder objects to receiving such single notice or revokes a prior consent to receiving such single notice.  Failure to give notice of any meeting to one or more stockholders, or any irregularity in such notice, shall not affect the validity of any meeting fixed in accordance with this Article 2 or the validity of any proceedings at any such meeting.  The Corporation may postpone or cancel a meeting of stockholders by making a public announcement (as defined in Section 2.11(c)(iii) ) of such postponement or cancellation prior to the meeting.  Notice of the date, time and place to which the meeting is postponed shall be given not less than ten days prior to such date and otherwise in the manner set forth in this Section 2.04 .  Unless these by-laws otherwise require, at any meeting of stockholders (whether or not a quorum is present), the chairman of the meeting may adjourn the meeting sine die or from time to time to a date not more than 120 days after the original record date without notice other than announcement at the meeting.  At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum shall be present, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally notified.

 
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(b)          Subject to Section 2.11(a) , any business of the Corporation may be transacted at an annual meeting of stockholders without being specifically designated in the notice, except such business as is required by any statute to be stated in such notice.  No business shall be transacted at a special meeting of stockholders except as specifically designated in the notice.
 
(c)          Whenever any notice of a meeting is required to be given pursuant to the charter of the Corporation (as amended, supplemented or restated from time to time, the “ Charter ”) or these by-laws or pursuant to applicable law, a waiver thereof in writing or by electronic transmission, given by the person or persons entitled to notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to the giving of such notice.  Attendance of a person at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the person attends the meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened.
 
(d)          For purposes of these by-laws, “ Person ” or “ person ” means any individual, firm, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, trust, joint venture or other enterprise or entity.
 
Section 2.05.       Quorum.   At any meeting of stockholders, the presence, in person or by proxy, of the holders of stockholders entitled to cast a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast at such meeting shall constitute a quorum, but this Section 2.05 shall not affect any requirement under any statute or the Charter for the vote necessary for the approval of any matter.  If, however, such quorum is not established at any meeting of the stockholders, the chairman of the meeting may adjourn the meeting sine die or from time to time to a date not more than 120 days after the original record date without notice other than announcement at the meeting.  At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum shall be present, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally notified.
 
The stockholders present either in person or by proxy, at a meeting which has been duly called and at which a quorum has been established, may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal from the meeting of enough stockholders to leave fewer than would be required to establish a quorum.
 
Section 2.06.       Voting; Proxies.
 
(a)          Unless otherwise provided in the Charter and subject to the MGCL, each stockholder shall be entitled to one vote for each outstanding share of stock of the Corporation regardless of class, shall be entitled to one vote on each matter submitted to a vote at a meeting of stockholders.  A plurality of all the votes cast at a meeting of stockholders duly called and at which a quorum is present shall be sufficient to elect a director.  Each share may be voted for as many individuals as there are directors to be elected and for whose election the share is entitled to be voted.  A majority of the votes cast at a meeting of stockholders duly called and at which a quorum is present shall be sufficient to approve any other matter which may properly come before the meeting, unless more than a majority of the votes cast is required by statute or by the Charter.  Voting on any question or in any election may be viva voce unless the chairman of the meeting shall order that voting be by ballot or otherwise.

 
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(b)          A stockholder may cast the votes entitled to be cast by the holder of the shares of stock owned of record by the stockholder in person or by proxy executed by the stockholder or by the stockholder’s duly authorized agent in any manner permitted by law.  Such proxy or evidence of authorization of such proxy shall be filed with the Secretary of the Corporation before or at the meeting.  No proxy shall be valid more than eleven months after its date unless otherwise provided in the proxy.
 
(c)          In determining the number of votes cast for or against a proposal or nominee, shares abstaining from voting on a matter (including elections) and non-votes by brokers will be counted for purposes of determining a quorum but will not be treated as votes cast.
 
Section 2.07.       Action by Consent.   Unless otherwise provided under the Charter or these by-laws and subject to the MGCL, any action required or permitted to be taken at any annual or special meeting of stockholders may be taken without a meeting if a unanimous consent setting forth the action is given in writing or by electronic transmission by each stockholder entitled to vote on the matter and filed with the minutes of proceedings of the stockholders; provided, however, that, to the extent expressly permitted by the articles supplementary relating to one or more classes or series of the Corporation’s preferred stock, any action required or permitted to be taken by the holders of such class or series of preferred stock, voting separately as a class or series or separately as a class with one or more other such classes or series, may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent or consents in writing or by electronic transmission, setting forth the action so taken, shall be given by the holders of outstanding shares of the relevant class or series having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted by delivery to the Corporation’s principal place of business, or to an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the book in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded.  The Corporation shall give notice of any action taken by less than unanimous consent to each stockholder not later than ten days after the effective time of such action.
 
Section 2.08.       Organization.   Every meeting of stockholders shall be conducted by an individual appointed by the Board of Directors to be chairman of the meeting or, in the absence of such appointment or appointed individual, by the Chairman of the Board of Directors or, in the case of a vacancy in the office or absence of the Chairman of the Board, by one of the following officers present at the meeting in the following order:  the Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors, if there is one, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Vice Presidents in their order of rank and seniority, the Secretary or, in the absence of such officers, a chairman chosen by the stockholders by the vote of a majority of the votes cast by stockholders present in person or by proxy.  The Secretary or, in the Secretary’s absence, an Assistant Secretary or, in the absence of both the Secretary and all Assistant Secretaries, an individual appointed by the Board of Directors or, in the absence of such appointment, an individual appointed by the chairman of the meeting shall act as secretary.  If the Secretary presides at a meeting of stockholders, an Assistant Secretary or, in the absence of all Assistant Secretaries, an individual appointed by the Board of Directors or the chairman of the meeting, shall record the minutes of the meeting.

 
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Section 2.09.       Conduct.   The order of business and all other matters of procedure at any meeting of stockholders shall be determined by the chairman of the meeting.  The chairman of the meeting may prescribe such rules, regulations and procedures and take such action as, in the discretion of the chairman and without any action by the stockholders, are appropriate for the proper conduct of the meeting, including, without limitation:  (a) restricting admission to the time set for the commencement of the meeting; (b) limiting attendance at the meeting to stockholders of record of the Corporation, their duly authorized proxies and such other individuals as the chairman of the meeting may determine; (c) limiting participation at the meeting on any matter to stockholders of record of the Corporation entitled to vote on such matter, their duly authorized proxies and other such individuals as the chairman of the meeting may determine; (d) limiting the time allotted to questions or comments; (e) determining when and for how long the polls should be opened and when the polls should be closed; (f) maintaining order and security at the meeting; (g) removing any stockholder or any other individual who refuses to comply with meeting procedures, rules or guidelines as set forth by the chairman of the meeting; (h) concluding a meeting or recessing or adjourning the meeting to a later date and time and at a place announced at the meeting; and (i) complying with any state and local laws and regulations concerning safety and security.  Unless otherwise determined by the chairman of the meeting, meetings of stockholders shall not be required to be held in accordance with the rules of parliamentary procedure.
 
Section 2.10.       Inspectors.   The Board of Directors or the chairman of the meeting may appoint, before or at the meeting, one or more inspectors for the meeting and any successor to the inspector.  The inspectors, if any, shall (a) determine the number of shares of stock represented at the meeting, in person or by proxy, and the validity and effect of proxies, (b) receive and tabulate all votes, ballots or consents, (c) report such tabulation to the chairman of the meeting, (d) hear and determine all challenges and questions arising in connection with the right to vote, and (e) do such acts as are proper to fairly conduct the election or vote.  Each such report shall be in writing and signed by the inspector or by a majority of them if there is more than one inspector acting at such meeting.  If there is more than one inspector, the report of a majority shall be the report of the inspectors.  The report of the inspector or inspectors on the number of shares represented at the meeting and the results of the voting shall be prima facie evidence thereof.
 
Section 2.11.      Advance Notice of Stockholder Nominees for Director and Other Business Proposals.
 
(a)           Annual Meetings of Stockholders .
 
(i)         Nominations of individuals for election to the Board of Directors may be made at an annual meeting of stockholders (A) pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting, (B) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, or (C) by any stockholder of the Corporation who is a stockholder of record both at the time of giving of notice provided for in this Section 2.11(a) and at the time of the annual meeting, who is entitled to vote at the meeting in the election of each individual so nominated and who complies with this Section 2.11(a) .  The proposal of other business to be considered by the stockholders may be made at an annual meeting of stockholders (x) pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting, (y) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, or (z) by any stockholder of the Corporation who is a stockholder of record both at the time of giving of notice provided for in this Section 2.11(a) and at the time of the annual meeting, who is entitled to vote at the meeting on any such other business and who complies with this Section 2.11(a) .

 
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(ii)         For any nomination, other than a nomination made pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting or by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, or other business, other than business proposed pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting or by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary of the Corporation.  To be timely, a stockholder’s notice shall set forth all information required under this Section 2.11 and shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive office of the Corporation not earlier than the 150 th day nor later than 5:00 p.m., Eastern Time, on the 120 th day prior to the first anniversary of the date of the proxy statement (as defined in Section 2.11(c)(iii) ) for the preceding year’s annual meeting; provided, however , that in connection with the Corporation’s first annual meeting or if the date of the annual meeting is advanced or delayed by more than 30 days from the first anniversary of the date of the preceding year’s annual meeting, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so delivered not earlier than the 150 th day prior to the date of such annual meeting and not later than 5:00 p.m., Eastern Time, on the later of the 120 th day prior to the date of such annual meeting, as originally convened, or the tenth day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made.  The public announcement of a postponement or adjournment of an annual meeting shall not commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above.
 
(iii)        Such stockholder’s notice shall set forth:
 
(A)         as to each individual whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election or reelection as a director (each, a “ Proposed Nominee ”), all information relating to the Proposed Nominee that would be required to be disclosed in connection with the solicitation of proxies for the election of the Proposed Nominee as a director in an election contest (even if an election contest is not involved), or would otherwise be required in connection with such solicitation, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A (or any successor provision) under the Exchange Act;
 
(B)         as to any business that the stockholder proposes to bring before the meeting, a description of such business, the stockholder’s reasons for proposing such business at the meeting and any material interest in such business of such stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person (as defined below), individually or in the aggregate, including any anticipated benefit to the stockholder or the Stockholder Associated Person therefrom;
 
(C)         as to the stockholder giving the notice, any Proposed Nominee and any Stockholder Associated Person:

 
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(1)           the class, series and number of all shares of stock or other securities of the Corporation or any affiliate thereof (collectively, the “ Company Securities ”), if any, which are owned (beneficially or of record) by such stockholder, Proposed Nominee or Stockholder Associated Person, the date on which each such Company Security was acquired and the investment intent of such acquisition, and any short interest (including any opportunity to profit or share in any benefit from any decrease in the price of such stock or other security) in any Company Securities of any such person;
 
(2)           the nominee holder for, and number of, any Company Securities owned beneficially but not of record by such stockholder, Proposed Nominee or Stockholder Associated Person;
 
(3)           whether and the extent to which such stockholder, Proposed Nominee or Stockholder Associated Person, directly or indirectly (through brokers, nominees or otherwise), is subject to or during the last six months has engaged in any hedging, derivative or other transaction or series of transactions or entered into any other agreement, arrangement or understanding (including any short interest, any borrowing or lending of securities or any proxy or voting agreement), the effect or intent of which is to (x) manage risk or benefit of changes in the price of (I) Company Securities, or (II) any security of any entity that was listed in the Peer Group in the Stock Performance Graph in the most recent annual report to security holders of the Corporation (a “ Peer Group Company ”) for such stockholder, Proposed Nominee or Stockholder Associated Person, or (y) increase or decrease the voting power of such stockholder, Proposed Nominee or Stockholder Associated Person in the Corporation or any affiliate thereof (or, as applicable, in any Peer Group Company) disproportionately to such person’s economic interest in the Company Securities (or, as applicable, in any Peer Group Company); and
 
(4)           any substantial interest, direct or indirect (including, without limitation, any existing or prospective commercial, business or contractual relationship with the Corporation), by security holdings or otherwise, of such stockholder, Proposed Nominee or Stockholder Associated Person, in the Corporation or any affiliate thereof, other than an interest arising from the ownership of Company Securities where such stockholder, Proposed Nominee or Stockholder Associated Person receives no extra or special benefit not shared on a pro rata basis by all other holders of the same class or series.
 
(D)         as to the stockholder giving the notice, any Stockholder Associated Person with an interest or ownership referred to in clauses (B) or (C) of Section 2.11(a)(iii) and any Proposed Nominee,
 
(1)           the name and address of such stockholder, as they appear on the Corporation’s stock ledger, and the current name and business address, if different, of each such Stockholder Associated Person and any Proposed Nominee; and
 
(2)           the investment strategy or objective, if any, of such stockholder and each such Stockholder Associated Person who is not an individual and a copy of the prospectus, offering memorandum or similar document, if any, provided to investors or potential investors in such stockholder and each such Stockholder Associated Person; and

 
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(E)          to the extent known by the stockholder giving the notice, the name and address of any other stockholder supporting the nominee for election or reelection as a director or the proposal of other business on the date of such stockholder’s notice.
 
(iv)       Such stockholder’s notice shall, with respect to any Proposed Nominee, be accompanied by a certificate executed by the Proposed Nominee (A) certifying that such Proposed Nominee (1) is not, and will not become a party to, any agreement, arrangement or understanding with any person or entity other than the Corporation in connection with service or action as a director that has not been disclosed to the Corporation, and (2) will serve as a director of the Corporation if elected; and (B) attaching a completed Proposed Nominee questionnaire (which questionnaire shall be provided by the Corporation, upon request, to the stockholder providing the notice and shall include all information relating to the Proposed Nominee that would be required to be disclosed in connection with the solicitation of proxies for the election of the Proposed Nominee as a director in an election contest (even if an election contest is not involved), or would otherwise be required in connection with such solicitation, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A (or any successor provision) under the Exchange Act and the rules thereunder, or would be required pursuant to the rules of any national securities exchange or over-the-counter market).
 
(v)        Notwithstanding anything in Section 2.11(a) to the contrary, if the number of directors to be elected to the Board of Directors is increased, and there is no public announcement of such action at least 130 days prior to the first anniversary of the date of the proxy statement (as defined in Section 2.11(c)(iii) ) for the preceding year’s annual meeting, a stockholder’s notice required by this Section 2.11(a) also shall be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for any new positions created by such increase, if it shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive office of the Corporation not later than 5:00 p.m., Eastern Time, on the tenth day following the day on which such public announcement is first made by the Corporation.
 
(vi)       For purposes of this Section 2.11 , “ Stockholder Associated Person ” of any stockholder means (A) any person acting in concert with such stockholder, (B) any beneficial owner of shares of stock of the Corporation owned of record or beneficially by such stockholder (other than a stockholder that is a depositary), and/or (C) any person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with, such stockholder or such Stockholder Associated Person.
 
(b)           Special Meetings of Stockholders.   Only such business shall be conducted at a special meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting.  Nominations of individuals for election to the Board of Directors may be made at a special meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected only:  (i) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, (ii) by a stockholder that has requested that a special meeting be called for the purpose of electing directors in compliance with Section 2.03(b) and that has supplied the information required by Section 2.03(b) about each individual whom such stockholder proposes to nominate for election as a director, or (iii) provided that the special meeting has been called in accordance with Section 2.03(a) for the purpose of electing directors, by any stockholder of the Corporation who is a stockholder of record both at the time of giving of notice provided for in this Section 2.11 and at the time of the special meeting, who is entitled to vote at the meeting in the election of each individual so nominated and who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 2.11 .

 
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If the Corporation calls a special meeting of stockholders for the purpose of electing one or more individuals as directors, any stockholder may nominate an individual or individuals (as the case may be) for election as a director as specified in the Corporation’s notice of meeting, if such stockholder’s notice, containing the information required by Section 2.11(a)(iii) , is delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive office of the Corporation not earlier than the 120 th day prior to such special meeting and not later than 5:00 p.m., Eastern Time, on the later of the 90 th day prior to such special meeting or the tenth day following the day on which public announcement is first made of the date of the special meeting and of the nominees proposed by the Board of Directors to be elected at such meeting. The public announcement of a postponement or adjournment of a special meeting shall not commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholder's notice as described above.
 
(c)           General .
 
(i)         If information submitted pursuant to this Section 2.11 by any stockholder proposing a nominee for election as a director or any proposal for other business at a meeting of stockholders shall be inaccurate in any material respect, such information may be deemed not to have been provided in accordance with this Section 2.11 .  Any such stockholder shall notify the Corporation of any inaccuracy or change (within two Business Days of becoming aware of such inaccuracy or change) in any such information.  Upon written request by the Secretary or the Board of Directors, any such stockholder shall provide, within five Business Days of delivery of such request (or such other period as may be specified in such request), (A) written verification, satisfactory, in the discretion of the Board of Directors or any authorized officer of the Corporation, to demonstrate the accuracy of any information submitted by the stockholder pursuant to this Section 2.11 , and (B) a written update of any information submitted by the stockholder pursuant to this Section 2.11 as of an earlier date.  If a stockholder fails to provide such written verification or written update within such period, the information as to which written verification or a written update was requested may be deemed not to have been provided in accordance with this Section 2.11 .
 
(ii)        Only such individuals who are nominated in accordance with this Section 2.11 shall be eligible for election by stockholders as directors, and only such business shall be conducted at a meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting in accordance with this Section 2.11 .  The chairman of the meeting shall have the power to determine whether a nomination or any other business proposed to be brought before the meeting was made or proposed, as the case may be, in accordance with this Section 2.11 .
 
(iii)       For purposes of this Section 2.11 , “ the date of the proxy statement ” shall have the same meaning as “the date of the company’s proxy statement released to shareholders” as used in Rule 14a-8(e) promulgated under the Exchange Act, as interpreted by the Securities and Exchange Commission from time to time.  “ Public announcement ” shall mean disclosure (A) in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Service, Associated Press, Business Wire, PR Newswire or other widely circulated news or wire service, or (B) in a document publicly filed by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Exchange Act.

 
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(iv)       Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 2.11 , a stockholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of state law and of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this Section 2.11 .  Nothing in this Section 2.11 shall be deemed to affect any right of a stockholder to request inclusion of a proposal in, or the right of the Corporation to omit a proposal from, the Corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 (or any successor provision) under the Exchange Act.  Nothing in this Section 2.11 shall require disclosure of revocable proxies received by the stockholder or Stockholder Associated Person pursuant to a solicitation of proxies after the filing of an effective Schedule 14A by such stockholder or Stockholder Associated Person under Section 14(a) of the Exchange Act.
 
Section 2.12.       Control Share Acquisition Act.   Notwithstanding any other provision of the Charter or these by-laws, Title 3, Subtitle 7 of the MGCL, or any successor statute, shall not apply to any acquisition by any person of shares of stock of the Corporation.  This section may be repealed, in whole or in part, at any time, whether before or after an acquisition of control shares and, upon such repeal, may, to the extent provided by any successor bylaw, apply to any prior or subsequent control share acquisition.
 
ARTICLE 3
DIRECTORS
 
Section 3.01.       General Powers.   The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors.
 
Section 3.02.       Number, Election, Classes and Term of Office.   The number, election, classes and terms of office of directors shall be governed by the Charter.  Directors need not be stockholders.
 
Section 3.03.       Quorum and Manner of Acting.   A majority of the total number of directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting of the Board of Directors; provided, however, that, if less than a majority of such directors is present at such meeting, a majority of the directors present may adjourn the meeting from time to time without further notice; provided further, however, that if, pursuant to applicable law, the Charter or these by-laws, the vote of a majority or other percentage of a particular group of directors is required for action, a quorum also must include a majority or such other percentage of such group.  The directors present at a meeting which has been duly called and at which a quorum has been established may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal from the meeting of enough directors to leave fewer than required to establish a quorum.  The action of a majority of the directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the action of the Board of Directors, unless the concurrence of a greater proportion is required for such action by applicable law, the Charter or these by-laws.  If enough directors have withdrawn from a meeting to leave fewer than required to establish a quorum, but the meeting is not adjourned, the action of the majority of that number of directors necessary to constitute a quorum at such meeting shall be the action of the Board of Directors, unless the concurrence of a greater proportion is required for such action by applicable law, the Charter or these by-laws.

 
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Section 3.04.       Time and Place of Meetings.   The Board of Directors shall hold its meetings at such place, either within or without the State of Maryland, and at such time as may be determined from time to time by the Board of Directors (or the Chairman of the Board of Directors in the absence of a determination by the Board of Directors).
 
Section 3.05.       Annual Meeting.   The Board of Directors shall meet for the purpose of organization, the election of officers and the transaction of other business, as soon as practicable after each annual meeting of stockholders, on the same day and at the same place where such annual meeting shall be held.  Notice of such meeting need not be given.  If such annual meeting is not so held, the annual meeting of the Board of Directors may be held at such place either within or without the State of Maryland, on such date and at such time as shall be specified in a notice thereof given as hereinafter provided in Section 3.08 or in a waiver of notice thereof given by any director who chooses to waive the requirement of notice.
 
Section 3.06.       Regular Meetings.   The Board of Directors may provide, by resolution, the time and place for the holding of regular meetings of the Board of Directors without other notice than such resolution.
 
Section 3.07.       Special Meetings.   Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be called by the Chairman of the Board of Directors or the President and shall be called by the Chairman of the Board of Directors, President or Secretary on the written request of two directors.  Notice of special meetings of the Board of Directors shall be given to each director at least three days before the date of the meeting in such manner as is determined by the Board of Directors.
 
Section 3.08.       Notice .  Notice of any special meeting of the Board of Directors shall be delivered personally or by telephone, electronic mail, facsimile transmission, courier or United States mail to each director at his or her business or residence address.  Notice by personal delivery, telephone, electronic mail or facsimile transmission shall be given at least three days prior to the meeting.  Notice by United States mail shall require that such notice be received at least three days prior to the meeting.  Notice by courier shall be given at least three days prior to the meeting.  Telephone notice shall be deemed to be given when the director or his or her agent is personally given such notice in a telephone call to which the director or his or her agent is a party.  Electronic mail notice shall be deemed to be given upon transmission of the message to the electronic mail address given to the Corporation by the director.  Facsimile transmission notice shall be deemed to be given upon completion of the transmission of the message to the number given to the Corporation by the director and receipt of a completed answer-back indicating receipt.  Notice by United States mail shall be deemed to be given when deposited in the United States mail properly addressed, with postage thereon prepaid.  Notice by courier shall be deemed to be given when received by such member of the Board of Directors.  Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any annual, regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors need be stated in the notice, unless specifically required by statute or these by-laws.

 
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Section 3.09.       Organization .  At each meeting of the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board of Directors or, in the absence of the Chairman of the Board, the Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors, if any, shall act as chairman of the meeting.  In the absence of both the Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer or, in the absence of the Chief Executive Officer, the President or, in the absence of the President, a director chosen by a majority of the directors present, shall act as chairman of the meeting.  The Secretary or, in his or her absence, an Assistant Secretary of the Corporation, or, in the absence of the Secretary and all Assistant Secretaries, an individual appointed by the chairman of the meeting, shall act as Secretary of the meeting.
 
Section 3.10.       Committees.
 
(a)          The Board of Directors may appoint from among its members one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the Corporation.  The Board of Directors may delegate to committees appointed under this Section 3.10 any of the powers of the Board of Directors, except as prohibited by law.  Notice of committee meetings shall be given in the same manner as notice for special meetings of the Board of Directors.  A majority of the members of the committee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting of the committee.  Except as otherwise provided in Section 3.10(b) , the act of a majority of the committee members present at a meeting shall be the act of such committee.  The Board of Directors may designate a chairman of any committee, and such chairman or, in the absence of a chairman, any two members of any committee (if there are at least two members of the committee) may fix the time and place of its meeting unless the Board shall otherwise provide.  The Board of Directors shall have the power at any time to change the membership of any committee, to fill any vacancy, to designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee, or to dissolve any committee.  In the absence or disqualification of a member of a committee, the member or members present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not such member or members constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board of Directors to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member.  Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its meetings and report the same to the Board of Directors when required.
 
(b)          The Board shall establish a conflicts committee (the “ Conflicts Committee ”) consisting solely of independent directors of the Corporation.  Any contract or transaction between the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries with John A. Williams, Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC, Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC or any of their respective affiliates, including any amendment of or supplement to the Management Agreement (as defined below), but excluding any contract or transaction pursuant to the Management Agreement that does not increase the economics payable by the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries over what is payable pursuant to the Management Agreement, must be approved by the Conflicts Committee prior to the entry into such contract or transaction, including:
 
(i)          Sales and Leases to the Corporation .  The Corporation or any of its subsidiaries may purchase or lease an asset or assets from John A. Williams, Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC, Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC, any director or any of their respective affiliates (the “ Affiliated Parties ” and each individually, an “ Affiliated Party ”) upon a finding by a majority of the members of the Conflicts Committee not otherwise interested in the transaction (i) that such transaction is fair and reasonable to the Corporation and (ii) that such transaction is at a price to the Corporation no greater than the cost of the asset to such Affiliated Party or, if the price to the Corporation is in excess of such cost, substantial justification exists for the excess and the excess is reasonable.  In no event shall the purchase price paid by the Corporation for any such asset exceed the asset’s current appraised value.

 
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(ii)         Sales and Leases to an Affiliated Party .  An Affiliated Party may only purchase or lease assets from the Corporation if a majority of the members of the Conflicts Committee not otherwise interested in the transaction determine that the transaction is fair and reasonable to the Corporation.
 
(iii)        Loans .  The Corporation shall not make loans to an Affiliated Party except making or investing in mortgage, bridge or mezzanine loans with an Affiliated Party or loans to wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Corporation.  No Affiliated Party shall receive or make a loan to the Corporation, or to joint ventures in which the Corporation is a co-venturer, unless approved by a majority of the members of the Conflicts Committee not otherwise interested in such transaction as fair, competitive, and commercially reasonable, and no less favorable to the Corporation than comparable loans between unaffiliated parties.
 
(iv)        Reimbursement of Expenses .  The Corporation shall not reimburse John A. Williams, Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC, Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC or any of their respective affiliates for an actual expense incurred on behalf of the Corporation or on behalf of joint ventures in which the Corporation is a co-venturer, unless a majority of the members of the Conflicts Committee not otherwise interested in such expense reimbursement determine that the expense is fair and reasonable to the Corporation.
 
(v)         Other Transactions .  The Corporation shall not accept goods or services from or engage in any other transaction with John A. Williams, Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC, Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC or any of their respective affiliates unless a majority of the members of the Conflicts Committee not otherwise interested in such transaction approve such transaction as fair and reasonable to the Corporation and on terms and conditions not less favorable to the Corporation than those available from unaffiliated third parties.
 
(vi)        Conflict Resolution Procedures .  If an investment opportunity becomes available that is suitable for both the Corporation and a public or private entity with which Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC or its affiliates are affiliated for which both entities have sufficient uninvested funds, then the entity that has had the longest period of time elapse since it was offered an investment opportunity will first be offered the investment opportunity.  In determining whether or not an investment opportunity is suitable for more than one entity, the Conflicts Committee and Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC will examine such factors, among others, as the anticipated cash flow of each entity and the cash requirements of each entity, the effect of the acquisition both on diversification of each entity’s investments by type of property and geographic area and on diversification of the tenants of its properties, the policy of each entity relating to leverage of properties, the income tax effects of the purchase to each entity, the size of the investment and the amount of funds available to each program and the length of time such funds have been available for investment.  If a subsequent development, such as a delay in the closing of the acquisition of such investment or a delay in the construction of a property, causes any such investment, in the opinion of Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC, to be more appropriate for an entity other than the entity that committed to make the investment, Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC may determine that the other entity affiliated with Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC or its affiliates will make the investment.  It shall be the duty of the Conflicts Committee to ensure that the method used by Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC for the allocation of the acquisition of investments by two or more affiliated programs seeking to acquire similar types of assets is applied fairly to the Corporation.

 
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(vii)       Amendment .  Any amendment to or repeal of this Section 3.10(b) shall be approved by a majority of the independent directors of the Corporation.
 
As used in these by-laws, “ Management Agreement ” means the Management Agreement to be entered into by the Corporation and Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC, as the same may be amended or supplemented from time to time.

Section 3.11.       Action by Consent.   Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting, if all members of the Board of Directors or committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission, and the writing or writings or electronic transmission or transmissions, are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors or committee thereof.
 
Section 3.12.       Telephonic Meetings.   Members of the Board of Directors, or any committee thereof, may participate in a meeting of the Board of Directors, or such committee, as the case may be, by means of conference telephone or other communications equipment if all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other at the same time, and such participation in a meeting shall constitute presence in person at the meeting.
 
Section 3.13.       Resignation.   Any director may resign at any time by delivering his or her resignation to the Board of Directors or to the Chairman of the Board of Directors or the Secretary of the Corporation.  The resignation of any director shall take effect immediately upon receipt thereof or at such later time as shall be specified in such resignation; and unless otherwise specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.
 
Section 3.14.       Vacancies. Vacancies on the Board of Directors resulting from death, resignation, removal or otherwise and newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the number of directors may be filled by a majority of the directors then in office (although less than a quorum) or by the sole remaining director, and each director so elected shall hold office until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until his or her successor is elected and qualifies or until his or her earlier death, resignation or removal.  If there are no directors in office, then an election of directors may be held in accordance with the MGCL.  When one or more directors shall resign from the Board of Directors, effective at a future date, a majority of the directors then in office, including those who have so resigned, shall have the power to fill such vacancy or vacancies, the vote thereon to take effect when such resignation or resignations shall become effective, and each director so chosen shall hold office until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until his or her successor is elected and qualifies or until his or her earlier death, resignation or removal.

 
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Section 3.15.       Compensation.   Directors shall not receive any stated salary for their services as directors but, by resolution of the Board of Directors, may receive compensation per year and/or per meeting and/or per visit to real property or other facilities owned or leased by the Corporation and for any service or activity they performed or engaged in as directors.  Directors may be reimbursed for expenses of attendance, if any, at each annual, regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof and for their expenses, if any, in connection with each property visit and any other service or activity they perform or engage in as directors; but nothing herein contained shall be construed to preclude any directors from serving the Corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor.
 
Section 3.16.       Reliance .  Each director and officer of the Corporation shall, in the performance of his or her duties with respect to the Corporation, be entitled to rely on any information, opinion, report or statement, including any financial statement or other financial data, prepared or presented by an officer or employee of the Corporation whom the director or officer reasonably believes to be reliable and competent in the matters presented, by a lawyer, certified public accountant or other person, as to a matter which the director or officer reasonably believes to be within the person’s professional or expert competence, or, with respect to a director, by a committee of the Board of Directors on which the director does not serve, as to a matter within its designated authority, if the director reasonably believes the committee to merit confidence.
 
Section 3.17.       Ratification .  The Board of Directors or the stockholders may ratify and make binding on the Corporation any action or inaction by the Corporation or its officers to the extent that the Board of Directors or the stockholders could have originally authorized the matter.  Moreover, any action or inaction questioned in any stockholders’ derivative proceeding or any other proceeding on the ground of lack of authority, defective or irregular execution, adverse interest of a director, officer or stockholder, non-disclosure, miscomputation, the application of improper principles or practices of accounting or otherwise, may be ratified, before or after judgment, by the Board of Directors or by the stockholders, and if so ratified, shall have the same force and effect as if the questioned action or inaction had been originally duly authorized, and such ratification shall be binding upon the Corporation and its stockholders and shall constitute a bar to any claim or execution of any judgment in respect of such questioned action or inaction.
 
Section 3.18.       Corporate Opportunities.   If any director or officer, in his or her personal capacity or in a capacity as an affiliate, employee or agent of any other person, or otherwise, acquires knowledge of any investment or business opportunity or prospective economic competitive advantage similar to, in addition to or in competition with those of or relating to the Corporation (each, an “ Opportunity ”), the Corporation shall not have any interest in such Opportunity, or expectation that such Opportunity will be offered to it, and any such interest or expectation otherwise due the Corporation with respect to such Opportunity hereby is renounced by the Corporation.  Accordingly, each director or officer (a) shall have no duty to communicate or present any Opportunity to the Corporation, (b) shall have the right to hold any such Opportunity for his or her own account, or the account of any of any other person, and (c) shall not be liable to the Corporation for breach of any duty as a director or officer of the Corporation or otherwise by reason of the fact that such director or officer pursues or acquires such Opportunity for himself or herself, directs, sells, assigns or otherwise transfers such Opportunity to another person, or does not communicate information regarding such Opportunity to the Corporation.

 
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Section 3.19.       Emergency Provisions.   Notwithstanding any other provision in the Charter or these by-laws, this Section 3.19 shall apply during the existence of any catastrophe, or other similar emergency condition, as a result of which a quorum of the Board of Directors under Article III of these by-laws cannot readily be obtained (an “ Emergency ”).  During any Emergency, unless otherwise provided by the Board of Directors, (a) a meeting of the Board of Directors or a committee thereof may be called by any director or officer by any means feasible under the circumstances; (b) notice of any meeting of the Board of Directors during such an Emergency may be given less than 72 hours prior to the meeting to as many directors and by such means as may be feasible at the time, including publication, television or radio; and (c) the number of directors necessary to constitute a quorum shall be one-third of the entire Board of Directors.
 
Section 3.20.       Preferred Stock Directors.   Notwithstanding anything else contained herein, whenever the holders of one or more classes or series of preferred stock shall have the right, voting separately as a class or series, to elect directors, the election, term of office, filling of vacancies, removal and other features of such directorships shall be governed by the terms of such preferred stock set by the Board of Directors pursuant to the Charter, and such directors so elected shall not be subject to the provisions of Sections 3.02 and 3.14 unless otherwise provided in the terms of such preferred stock.
 
ARTICLE 4
OFFICERS
 
Section 4.01.       General Provisions .  The officers of the Corporation shall include a President, a Secretary and a Treasurer and may include a Chairman of the Board of Directors, a Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors, a Chief Executive Officer, one or more Vice Presidents, a Chief Operating Officer, a Chief Financial Officer, one or more Assistant Secretaries and one or more Assistant Treasurers.  In addition, the Board of Directors may from time to time elect such other officers with such powers and duties as it shall deem necessary or desirable.  One person may hold the offices and perform the duties of any two or more of said offices, except that no one person shall hold the offices and perform the duties of President and Vice President.  Election of an officer or agent shall not of itself create contract rights between the Corporation and such officer or agent.
 
Section 4.02.      Election, Term of Office and Compensation; Vacancies.   The officers of the Corporation shall be elected annually by the Board of Directors, except that the Chief Executive Officer or President may from time to time appoint one or more Vice Presidents, Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers or other officers.  Each such officer shall hold office until his or her successor is elected and qualifies, or until his or her death, or his or her resignation or removal in the manner hereinafter provided.  The compensation of the officers shall be fixed from time to time by or under the authority of the Board of Directors and no officer shall be prevented from receiving such compensation by reason of the fact that he or she is also a director.  Any vacancy in any office may be filled by the Board of Directors for the balance of the term.

 
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Section 4.03.       Removal.   Any officer or agent of the Corporation may be removed, with or without cause, by the Board of Directors if in its judgment the best interests of the Corporation would be served thereby, but such removal shall be without prejudice to the contract rights, if any, of the person so removed.
 
Section 4.04.       Resignations.   Any officer may resign at any time by delivering his or her resignation to the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer, the President or the Secretary.  The resignation of any officer shall take effect immediately upon receipt thereof or at such later time as shall be specified in such resignation; and unless otherwise specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.  Such resignation shall be without prejudice to the contract rights, if any, of the Corporation.
 
Section 4.05.       Powers and Duties.   The officers of the Corporation shall have such powers and perform such duties incident to each of their respective offices and such other duties as may from time to time be conferred upon or assigned to them by the Board of Directors.
 
ARTICLE 5
CONTRACTS, LOANS, CHECKS AND DEPOSITS
 
Section 5.01.       Contracts .  The Board of Directors may authorize any officer or agent to enter into any contract or to execute and deliver any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the Corporation and such authority may be general or confined to specific instances.  Any agreement, deed, mortgage, lease or other document shall be valid and binding upon the Corporation when duly authorized or ratified by action of the Board of Directors and executed by an authorized person.
 
Section 5.02.       Checks and Drafts .  All checks, drafts or other orders for the payment of money, notes or other evidences of indebtedness issued in the name of the Corporation shall be signed by such officer or agent of the Corporation in such manner as shall from time to time be determined by the Board of Directors.
 
Section 5.03.      Deposits .  All funds of the Corporation not otherwise employed shall be deposited or invested from time to time to the credit of the Corporation as the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Financial Officer or any other officer designated by the Board of Directors may determine.
 
ARTICLE 6
STOCK
 
Section 6.01.       Certificates .  Except as may be otherwise provided by the Board of Directors, stockholders of the Corporation are not entitled to certificates representing the shares of stock held by them.  If the Corporation issues shares of stock represented by certificates, such certificates shall be in such form as prescribed by the Board of Directors or a duly authorized officer, shall contain the statements and information required by the MGCL and shall be signed by the officers of the Corporation in the manner permitted by the MGCL.  If the Corporation issues shares of stock without certificates, to the extent then required by the MGCL, the Corporation shall provide to the record holders of such shares a written statement of the information required by the MGCL to be included on stock certificates.  There shall be no differences in the rights and obligations of stockholders based on whether or not their shares are represented by certificates.

 
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Section 6.02.       Transfers .  All transfers of shares of stock shall be made on the books of the Corporation, by the holder of the shares, in person or by his or her attorney, in such manner as the Board of Directors or any officer of the Corporation may prescribe and, if such shares are certificated, upon surrender of certificates duly endorsed.  The issuance of a new certificate upon the transfer of certificated shares is subject to the determination of the Board of Directors that such shares shall no longer be represented by certificates.  Upon the transfer of any uncertificated shares, to the extent then required by the MGCL, the Corporation shall provide to the record holders of such shares a written statement of the information required by the MGCL to be included on stock certificates.
 
The Corporation shall be entitled to treat the holder of record of any share of stock as the holder in fact thereof and, accordingly, shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise expressly provided by the laws of the State of Maryland.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, transfers of shares of any class or series of stock will be subject in all respects to the Charter of the Corporation and all of the terms and conditions contained therein.

Section 6.03.       Replacement Certificate.   Any officer of the Corporation may direct a new certificate or certificates to be issued in place of any certificate or certificates theretofore issued by the Corporation alleged to have been lost, destroyed, stolen or mutilated, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming the certificate to be lost, destroyed, stolen or mutilated; provided , however , if such shares have ceased to be certificated, no new certificate shall be issued unless requested in writing by such stockholder and the Board of Directors has determined that such certificates may be issued.  Unless otherwise determined by an officer of the Corporation, the owner of such lost, destroyed, stolen or mutilated certificate or certificates, or his or her legal representative, shall be required, as a condition precedent to the issuance of a new certificate or certificates, to give the Corporation a bond in such sums as it may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against the Corporation.

Section 6.04.       Stock Ledger.   The Corporation shall maintain at its principal office or at the office of its counsel, accountants or transfer agent, an original or duplicate stock ledger containing the name and address of each stockholder and the number of shares of each class held by such stockholder.

Section 6.05.       Fractional Stock; Issuance of Units. The Board of Directors may authorize the Corporation to issue fractional stock or authorize the issuance of scrip, all on such terms and under such conditions as it may determine.  Notwithstanding any other provision of the Charter or these by-laws, the Board of Directors may issue units consisting of different securities of the Corporation.  Any security issued in a unit shall have the same characteristics as any identical securities issued by the Corporation, except that the Board of Directors may provide that for a specified period securities of the Corporation issued in such unit may be transferred on the books of the Corporation only in such unit.

 
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ARTICLE 7
GENERAL PROVISIONS
 
Section 7.01.       Fixing the Record Date.
 
(a)          The Board of Directors may set, in advance, a record date for the purpose of determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or determining stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or the allotment of any other rights, or in order to make a determination of stockholders for any other proper purpose.  Such date, in any case, shall not be prior to the close of business on the day the record date is fixed and shall be not more than 90 days and, in the case of a meeting of stockholders, not less than ten days, before the date on which the meeting or particular action requiring such determination of stockholders of record is to be held or taken.
 
(b)          When a record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote at any meeting of stockholders has been set as provided in this section, such record date shall continue to apply to the meeting if adjourned or postponed, except if the meeting is adjourned or postponed to a date more than 120 days after the record date originally fixed for the meeting, in which case a new record date for such meeting may be determined as set forth herein.
 
Section 7.02.       Dividends .  Dividends and other distributions upon the stock of the Corporation may be authorized by the Board of Directors, subject to the provisions of law and the Charter.  Dividends and other distributions may be paid in cash, property or stock of the Corporation, subject to the provisions of law and the Charter.  Before payment of any dividends or other distributions, there may be set aside out of any assets of the Corporation available for dividends or other distributions such sum or sums as the Board of Directors may from time to time, in its absolute discretion, think proper as a reserve fund for contingencies, for equalizing dividends, for repairing or maintaining any property of the Corporation or for such other purpose as the Board of Directors shall determine, and the Board of Directors may modify or abolish any such reserve.
 
Section 7.03.       Accounting Year.   The Board of Directors shall have the power, from time to time, to fix the fiscal year of the Corporation by a duly adopted resolution.
 
Section 7.04.       Investment Policy.   Subject to the provisions of the Charter, the Board of Directors may from time to time adopt, amend, revise or terminate any policy or policies with respect to investments by the Corporation as it shall deem appropriate in its sole discretion
 
Section 7.05.       Corporate Seal .  The Board of Directors may authorize the adoption of a seal by the Corporation.  The seal shall have inscribed thereon the name of the Corporation, the year of its incorporation and the words “Incorporated Maryland”.  The Board of Directors may authorize one or more duplicate seals and provide for the custody thereof.  Whenever the Corporation is permitted or required to affix its seal to a document, it shall be sufficient to meet the requirements of any law, rule or regulation relating to a seal to place the word “(SEAL)” adjacent to the signature of the person authorized to execute the document on behalf of the Corporation.

 
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Section 7.06.       Voting of Stock by Certain Holders.   Stock of the Corporation registered in the name of a corporation, partnership, trust or other entity, if entitled to be voted, may be voted by the president or a vice president, general partner, trustee or managing member thereof, as the case may be, or a proxy appointed by any of the foregoing individuals, unless some other person who has been appointed to vote such stock pursuant to a bylaw or a resolution of the governing body of such corporation or other entity or agreement of the partners of a partnership presents a certified copy of such bylaw, resolution or agreement, in which case such person may vote such stock.  Any director or fiduciary may vote stock registered in the name of such person in the capacity of such director or fiduciary, either in person or by proxy.
 
Shares of stock of the Corporation directly or indirectly owned by it shall not be voted at any meeting and shall not be counted in determining the total number of outstanding shares entitled to be voted at any given time, unless they are held by it in a fiduciary capacity, in which case they may be voted and shall be counted in determining the total number of outstanding shares at any given time.
 
The Board of Directors may adopt by resolution a procedure by which a stockholder may certify in writing to the Corporation that any shares of stock registered in the name of the stockholder are held for the account of a specified person other than the stockholder.  The resolution shall set forth the class of stockholders who may make the certification, the purpose for which the certification may be made, the form of certification and the information to be contained in it; if the certification is with respect to a record date, the time after the record date within which the certification must be received by the Corporation; and any other provisions with respect to the procedure which the Board of Directors considers necessary or desirable.  On receipt by the Corporation of such certification, the person specified in the certification shall be regarded as, for the purposes set forth in the certification, the holder of record of the specified stock in place of the stockholder who makes the certification.
 
Section 7.07.       Amendments .  Except for Section 3.10(b) , the Board of Directors shall have the exclusive power to adopt, alter or repeal any provision of these by-laws and to make new by-laws.

 
22

 
 
SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED AGREEMENT OF LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
 
OF
 
PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P.
 

 
Date as of February 28, 2011
 


 
 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
   
Page
     
ARTICLE 1 DEFINED TERMS
1
   
ARTICLE 2 ORGANIZATIONAL MATTERS
16
2.1
Formation
16
2.2
Name
16
2.3
Registered Office and Agent; Principal Office
17
2.4
Power of Attorney
17
2.5
Term
18
     
Article 3 PURPOSE
19
3.1
Purpose and Business
19
3.2
Powers
19
     
ARTICLE 4 CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS
20
4.1
Capital Contributions of the Partners
20
4.2
Additional Funds; Restrictions on the General Partner
21
4.3
Issuance of Additional Partnership Interests; Admission of Additional Limited Partners
23
4.4
Contribution of Proceeds of Issuance of Common Stock
24
4.5
Repurchase of Common Stock; Shares-In-Trust
24
4.6
No Third-Party Beneficiary
25
4.7
No Interest; No Return
25
4.8
No Preemptive Rights.
25
     
ARTICLE 5 DISTRIBUTIONS
25
5.1
Distributions
25
5.2
Qualification as a REIT
26
5.3
Withholding
27
5.4
Additional Partnership Interests
27
5.5
Tax Distributions
27
     
ARTICLE 6 ALLOCATIONS
28
6.1
Allocations
28
6.2
Revisions to Allocations to Reflect Issuance of Partnership Interests
28
     
ARTICLE 7 MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS OF BUSINESS
28
7.1
Management
28
7.2
Certificate of Limited Partnership
33
7.3
Reimbursement of the General Partner
33
7.4
Outside Activities of the General Partner
35
7.5
Contracts with Affiliates
35
7.6
Indemnification
36
7.7
Liability of the General Partner
38
7.8
Other Matters Concerning the General Partner
39

 
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7.9
Title to Partnership Assets
40
7.10
Reliance by Third Parties
     41
7.11
Loans By Third Parties
41
     
ARTICLE 8 RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF LIMITED PARTNERS
41
8.1
Limitation of Liability
41
8.2
Management of Business
42
8.3
Outside Activities of Limited Partners
42
8.4
Return of Capital
42
8.5
Rights of Limited Partners Relating to the Partnership
43
8.6
Exchange Rights Agreements
43
   
ARTICLE 9 BOOKS, RECORDS, ACCOUNTING AND REPORTS
44
9.1
Records and Accounting
44
9.2
Fiscal Year
44
9.3
Reports
44
     
ARTICLE 10 TAX MATTERS
45
10.1
Preparation of Tax Returns
45
10.2
Tax Elections
45
10.3
Tax Matters Partner
45
10.4
Organizational Expenses
47
10.5
Withholding
47
     
ARTICLE 11 TRANSFERS AND WITHDRAWALS
48
11.1
Transfer
48
11.2
Transfer of the General Partner’s General Partner Interest
49
11.3
Limited Partners’ Rights to Transfer
51
11.4
Substituted Limited Partners
52
11.5
Assignees
53
11.6
General Provisions
53
     
ARTICLE 12 ADMISSION OF PARTNERS
55
12.1
Admission of Successor General Partner
55
12.2
Admission of Additional Limited Partners
56
12.3
Amendment of Agreement and Certificate of Limited Partnership
57
     
ARTICLE 13 DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION AND TERMINATION
58
13.1
Dissolution
58
13.2
Winding Up
59
13.3
No Obligation to Contribute Deficit
60
13.4
Rights of Limited Partners
61
13.5
Notice of Dissolution
61
13.6
Termination of Partnership and Cancellation of Certificate of Limited Partnership
61
13.7
Reasonable Time for Winding-Up
61
13.8
Waiver of Partition
61

 
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ARTICLE 14 AMENDMENT OF PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT; MEETINGS
61
14.1
Amendments
61
14.2
Meetings of the Partners
62
     
ARTICLE 15 GENERAL PROVISIONS
64
15.1
Addresses and Notice
64
15.2
Titles and Captions
64
15.3
Pronouns and Plurals
64
15.4
Further Action
64
15.5
Binding Effect
64
15.6
Creditors
64
15.7
Waiver
64
15.8
Counterparts
65
15.9
Applicable Law
65
15.10
Invalidity of Provisions
65
15.11
Entire Agreement
65
15.12
Merger
65
15.13
No Rights as Stockholders
65

EXHIBITS
 
Exhibit A
Partners’ Contributions and Partnership Interests
Exhibit B
Allocations

 
iii

 

SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED AGREEMENT OF LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
OF
PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P.
 
THIS SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED AGREEMENT OF LIMITED PARTNERSHIP OF PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P. dated as of February 28,   2011, is entered into among PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES, INC., a Maryland corporation, as General Partner, and PREFERRED APARTMENT ADVISORS, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, as the Initial Limited Partner and as the Special Limited Partner, and the Limited Partners party hereto from time to time.
 
WHEREAS, the General Partner formed Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, L.P. as a limited partnership on May 13, 2010 pursuant to the Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act of the State of Delaware and filed a certificate of limited partnership with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware (the “ Certificate ”).
 
WHEREAS, the General Partner and the Initial Limited Partner entered into the Agreement of Limited Partnership on May 13, 2010 (the “ Original Agreement ”) and amended and restated the Original Agreement on November 19, 2010 (the Amended and Restated Agreement ”).
 
WHEREAS, the General Partner and the Initial Limited Partner have agreed to make certain amendments and desire to amend and restate the Amended and Restated Agreement.
 
NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants herein contained, and other valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties do hereby agree that the Amended and Restated Agreement hereby is amended and restated in its entirety to read as follows:
 
ARTICLE 1
DEFINED TERMS
 
The following definitions shall be for all purposes, unless otherwise clearly indicated to the contrary, applied to the terms used in this Agreement.
 
Act ” means the Delaware Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act, as amended from time to time, and any successor to such statute.
 
Additional Limited Partner ” means a Person that has executed and delivered an additional limited partner signature page in the form attached hereto, has been admitted to the Partnership as a Limited Partner pursuant to Section 4.3 and that is shown as such on the books and records of the Partnership.
 
Adjusted Capital Account Deficit ” means, with respect to any Partner, the negative balance, if any, in such Partner’s Capital Account as of the end of any relevant fiscal year, determined after giving effect to the following adjustments:

 
 

 
 
(a)            credit to such Capital Account any portion of such negative balance which such Partner (i) is treated as obligated to restore to the Partnership pursuant to the provisions of Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(c) of the Regulations, or (ii) is deemed to be obligated to restore to the Partnership pursuant to the penultimate sentences of Sections 1.704-2(g)(1) and 1.704-2(i)(5) of the Regulations; and
 
(b)            debit to such Capital Account the items described in Sections 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(4), (5) and (6) of the Regulations.
 
Administrative Expenses ” means (i) all organizational, administrative and operating costs and expenses incurred by the Partnership, (ii) administrative costs and expenses of the General Partner, including any salaries or other payments to directors, officers or employees of the General Partner, and any accounting and legal expenses of the General Partner, which expenses, the Partners have agreed, are expenses of the Partnership and not the General Partner, and (iii) to the extent not included in clauses (i) or (ii) above, General Partner Expenses; provided , however , that Administrative Expenses shall not include any administrative costs and expenses incurred by the General Partner that are attributable to assets or interests in a Subsidiary that are owned by the General Partner other than through its ownership interest in the Partnership.
 
Affected Gain ” has the meaning set forth in Paragraph 3(b) of Exhibit B .
 
Affiliate ” means,
 
(a)            with respect to any individual Person, any member of the Immediate Family of such Person or a trust established for the benefit of such member, or
 
(b)            with respect to any Entity, any Person which, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, any such Entity. For purposes of this definition, “control,” when used with respect to a any Person, means the power to direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise, and the terms “controlling” and “controlled” have meanings correlative to the foregoing.
 
Agreement ” means this Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership, as originally executed and as amended, supplemented or restated from time to time, as the context requires.
 
Allocable Capital Contributions ” means, as determined as of the Distribution Date with respect to any Real Estate Asset, the amount of Capital Contributions of each Partner allocable to funding such Real Estate Asset, as reasonably determined by the General Partner.
 
Allocable Expenses ” means, as determined as of the Distribution Date, a proportionate share of the Expenses, which shall be determined by multiplying total Expenses with respect to which a distribution was not previously made to the Partners by the Apportionment Percentage.

 
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Apportionment Percentage ” means as of each Distribution Date, a fraction, the numerator of which is the aggregate Allocable Capital Contributions used to fund the Real Estate Asset giving rise to any distribution as of such date and the denominator of which is the aggregate Allocable Capital Contributions used to fund all Real Estate Assets for which Allocable Capital Contributions have not been returned pursuant to Section 5.1(a)(i) and 5.1(a)(ii) .
 
Articles of Incorporation ” means the General Partner’s Articles of Incorporation, filed with the Maryland State Department of Assessments and Taxation, or other organizational document governing the General Partner, as amended, supplemented or restated from time to time.
 
Assignee ” means a Person to whom one or more Partnership Units have been transferred in a manner permitted under this Agreement, but who has not become a Substituted Limited Partner, and who has the rights set forth in Section 11.5 .
 
Available Cash ” means, with respect to the applicable period of measurement ( i.e. , any period (other than the first period in which this calculation of Available Cash is being made) beginning on the first day of the fiscal year, quarter or other period commencing immediately after the last day of the fiscal year, quarter or other applicable period for purposes of the prior calculation of Available Cash for or with respect to which a distribution has been made, and ending on the last day of the fiscal year, quarter or other applicable period immediately preceding the date of the calculation), the excess, if any, as of such date, of
 
(a)       the gross cash receipts of the Partnership for such period from all sources whatsoever, including the following:
 
(i)            all rents, revenues, income and proceeds derived by the Partnership from its operations, including distributions received by the Partnership from any Entity in which the Partnership has an interest;
 
(ii)           all proceeds and revenues received by the Partnership on account of any sales or redemptions of any Partnership Real Estate Assets or as a refinancing of or payment of principal, interest, costs, fees, penalties or otherwise on account of any borrowings or loans made by the Partnership or financings or refinancings of any Real Estate Assets or property of the Partnership, but not including any proceeds from a sale transaction if such proceeds are reinvested by the Partnership in one or more Real Estate Assets within 180 days thereafter;
 
(iii)          the amount of any insurance proceeds and condemnation awards received by the Partnership;
 
(iv)         all Capital Contributions and loans received by the Partnership from its Partners;
 
(v)          all cash amounts previously reserved by the Partnership, to the extent such amounts are no longer needed for the specific purposes for which such amounts were reserved; and

 
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(vi)         the proceeds of liquidation of the Partnership’s property in accordance with this Agreement;
 
over
 
(b)           the sum of the following:
 
(i)           all operating costs and expenses, including taxes and other expenses of the assets directly and indirectly held by the Partnership and capital expenditures made during such period (without deduction, however, for any capital expenditures, charges for Depreciation or other expenses not paid in cash or expenditures from reserves described in clause (viii) below);
 
(ii)          all costs and expenses expended or paid during such period in connection with the sale or other disposition, or financing or refinancing, of the property directly or indirectly held by the Partnership or the recovery of insurance or condemnation proceeds;
 
(iii)         all fees provided for under this Agreement;
 
(iv)         all debt service, including principal and interest, paid during such period on all indebtedness (including under any line of credit) of the Partnership;
 
(v)          all capital contributions, advances, reimbursements, loans or similar payments made to any Person in which the Partnership has an interest;
 
(vi)         all loans made by the Partnership in accordance with the terms of this Agreement;
 
(vii)        all reimbursements to the General Partner or its Affiliates during such period; and
 
(viii)       the amount of any new reserve or reserves or increase in reserves established during such period which the General Partner determines is necessary or appropriate in its sole and absolute discretion.
 
Notwithstanding the foregoing, Available Cash shall not include any cash received or reductions in reserves, or take into account any disbursements made or reserves established, after commencement of the dissolution and liquidation of the Partnership.
 
Business Combination ” has the meaning set forth in Section 7.1(a)(iii)(C) .
 
Business Day ” means any day except a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in New York, New York or in Atlanta, Georgia are authorized or required by law to close.
 
Capital Account ” means with respect to any Partner, the Capital Account maintained for such Partner in accordance with the following provisions:

 
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(a)           to each Partner’s Capital Account there shall be credited:
 
(i)            such Partner’s Capital Contributions;
 
(ii)           such Partner’s distributive share of Net Income and any items in the nature of income or gain which are specially allocated to such Partner pursuant to Paragraphs 1 and 2 of Exhibit B ; and
 
(iii)          the amount of any Partnership liabilities assumed by such Partner or which are secured by any asset distributed to such Partner;
 
(b)           to each Partner’s Capital Account there shall be debited:
 
(i)            the amount of cash and the Gross Asset Value of any property distributed to such Partner pursuant to any provision of this Agreement;
 
(ii)           such Partner’s distributive share of Net Losses and any items in the nature of expenses or losses which are specially allocated to such Partner pursuant to Paragraphs 1 and 2 of Exhibit B ; and
 
(iii)          the amount of any liabilities of such Partner assumed by the Partnership or which are secured by any asset contributed by such Partner to the Partnership; and
 
(c)           if all or a portion of a Partnership Interest is transferred in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the transferee shall succeed to the Capital Account of the transferor to the extent it relates to the transferred Partnership Interest.
 
The foregoing provisions and the other provisions of this Agreement relating to the maintenance of Capital Accounts are intended to comply with Sections 1.704-1(b) and 1.704-2 of the Regulations, and shall be interpreted and applied in a manner consistent with such Regulations. If the General Partner shall reasonably determine that it is prudent to modify the manner in which the Capital Accounts, or any debits or credits thereto (including debits or credits relating to liabilities which are secured by contributed or distributed assets or which are assumed by the Partnership, the General Partner or any Limited Partner) are computed in order to comply with such Regulations, the General Partner may make such modification; provided , however , that all allocations of Partnership income, gain, loss and deduction continue to have “substantial economic effect” within the meaning of Section 704(b) of the Code and that no Limited Partner is materially adversely affected by any such modification.
 
Capital Contribution ” means, with respect to any Partner, any cash, cash equivalents or the Gross Asset Value of property (net of any liabilities secured by contributed property that the Partnership is considered to assume or take subject to under Section 752 of the Code) which such Partner contributes or is deemed to contribute to the Partnership pursuant to Article 4 .

 
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Capital Transaction ” means (a) any sale, or other disposition (other than a deemed disposition pursuant to Section 708(b)(1)(B) of the Code and the Regulations thereunder) of (i) a Real Estate Asset of the Partnership, (ii) all or substantially all of the Real Estate Assets and other assets and properties of the Partnership or a related series of transactions that, taken together, result in the sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the Real Estate Assets and other assets and properties of the Partnership, or (iii) all or substantially all the interests in the Partnership; (b) any merger of the Partnership, or any subsidiary or joint venture through which the Partnership owns unimproved or improved real property, with or into another person, or (c) any other transaction or series of transactions determined to be a Capital Transaction in the reasonable discretion of General Partner.
 
Cash Amount ” means an amount of cash per Partnership Unit equal to the value of one share of Common Stock as determined under the applicable Exchange Rights Agreement on the Valuation Date of the Common Stock Amount.
 
Cash Available for Distribution ” means the Available Cash including Available Cash attributable to a Capital Transaction.
 
Certificate ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.
 
Claims ” has the meaning set forth in the Section 7.6(a)(i) .
 
Code ” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended and in effect from time to time, as interpreted by the applicable regulations thereunder. Any reference herein to a specific section or sections of the Code shall be deemed to include a reference to any corresponding provision of future law.
 
Common Stock ” means the common stock of the General Partner, $.01 par value per share.  If, at any time, there is more than one class or series of Common Stock, the term “Common Stock” shall, as the context requires, be deemed to refer to the class or series of Common Stock that correspond to the class or series of Partnership Interests for which the reference to Common Stock is made.
  
Common Stock Amount ” means that number of shares of Common Stock equal to the product of (a) the number of Partnership Units offered for exchange by an exchanging Partner, multiplied by (b) the Exchange Factor as of the Valuation Date; provided , however , that if the General Partner or the Partnership issues to all holders of Common Stock rights, options, warrants or convertible, exercisable or exchangeable securities entitling the Stockholders to subscribe for or purchase Common Stock or any other securities or property (collectively, the “ rights ”), then the Common Stock Amount shall also include the rights that a holder of that number of shares of Common Stock would be entitled to receive, to the extent such rights have not expired as of the Valuation Date.
  
Consent ” means the consent or approval of a proposed action by a Partner given in accordance with Section 14.2 .
 
Consent of the Limited Partners ” means the Consent of Limited Partners (excluding for this purpose any Partnership Interests held by the General Partner, any other Person of which the General Partner owns or controls more than 66 2/3% of the voting interests and any Person directly or indirectly owning or controlling more than 66 2/3% of the outstanding voting interests of the General Partner) holding Percentage Interests that are greater than 50% of the aggregate Percentage Interests of all Limited Partners who are not excluded for the purposes hereof.

 
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Contributed Property ” means each property, partnership interest, contract right or other asset, in such form as may be permitted by the Act, contributed or deemed contributed to the Partnership by any Partner, including any interest in any successor partnership occurring as a result of a termination of the Partnership pursuant to Section 708 of Code.
 
Debt ” means, as to any Person, as of any date of determination and without duplication, (a) all indebtedness of such Person for borrowed money or for the deferred purchase price of property or services; (b) all amounts owed by such Person to banks or other Persons in respect of reimbursement obligations under letters of credit, surety bonds and other similar instruments guaranteeing payment or other performance of obligations by such Person; (c) all indebtedness for borrowed money or for the deferred purchase price of property or services secured by any lien on any property owned by such Person, to the extent attributable to such Person’s interest in such property, even though such Person has not assumed or become liable for the payment thereof; and (d) obligations of such Person incurred in connection with entering into a lease which, in accordance with GAAP, should be capitalized.
 
Depreciation ” means, with respect to any asset of the Partnership for any fiscal year or other period, the depreciation, depletion, amortization or other cost recovery deduction, as the case may be, allowed or allowable for federal income tax purposes in respect of such asset for such fiscal year or other period; provided , however , that except as otherwise provided in Section 1.704-2 of the Regulations, if there is a difference between the Gross Asset Value (including the Gross Asset Value, as increased pursuant to paragraph (d) of the definition of Gross Asset Value) and the adjusted tax basis of such asset at the beginning of such fiscal year or other period, Depreciation for such asset shall be an amount that bears the same ratio to the beginning Gross Asset Value of such asset as the federal income tax depreciation, depletion, amortization or other cost recovery deduction for such fiscal year or other period bears to the beginning adjusted tax basis of such asset; provided further , however , that if the federal income tax depreciation, depletion, amortization or other cost recovery deduction for such asset for such fiscal year or other period is zero, Depreciation of such asset shall be determined with reference to the beginning Gross Asset Value of such asset using any reasonable method selected by the General Partner.
 
Distribution Date ” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.1(a) .
 
Effective Date ” means the date upon which the Registration Statement relating to the General Partner’s public offering of Common Stock has been declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission.
 
Entity ” means any general partnership, limited partnership, corporation, joint venture, trust, business trust, real estate investment trust, limited liability company, limited liability partnership, cooperative or association.
 
ERISA ” means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended from time to time (or any corresponding provisions of succeeding laws).

 
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Exchange Factor ” means 1.0; provided , however , that if the General Partner:  (a) declares or pays a dividend on its outstanding Common Stock in Common Stock or makes a distribution to all holders of its outstanding Common Stock in Common Stock; (b) subdivides its outstanding Common Stock; or (c) combines its outstanding Common Stock into a smaller number of shares of Common Stock, the Exchange Factor shall be adjusted by multiplying the Exchange Factor by a fraction, the numerator of which shall be the number of shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding on the record date for such dividend, contribution, subdivision or combination (assuming for such purpose that such dividend, distribution, subdivision or combination has occurred as of such time), and the denominator of which shall be the actual number of shares of Common Stock (determined without the above assumption) issued and outstanding on the record date for such dividend, distribution, subdivision or combination; provided   further , however , that if an Entity other than an Affiliate of the General Partner shall become General Partner pursuant to any merger, consolidation or combination of the General Partner with or into another Entity (the “ Successor Entity ”), the Exchange Factor shall be adjusted by multiplying the Exchange Factor by the number of shares of the Successor Entity in which one share of Common Stock is converted pursuant to such merger, consolidation or combination, determined as of the date of such merger, consolidation or combination. Any adjustment to the Exchange Factor shall become effective immediately after the effective date of such event retroactive to the record date, if any, for such event.
 
Exchange Right ” means the exchange right of a Limited Partner described in Section 8.6 and to be set forth in one or more Exchange Rights Agreements.
 
Exchange Rights Agreements ” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.6 .
 
Expenses ” means (a) all organizational, administrative and operating costs and expenses incurred by the Partnership, including the asset management fee payable to the General Partner’s investment advisor, and (b) all REIT Offering Expenses; provided , however , that “Expenses” shall excluded any such expenses used to fund a Real Estate Asset and included in such Real Estate Assets’ Allocable Capital Contribution.
 
GAAP ” means United States generally accepted accounting principles in effect on the effective date of the Registration Statement.
 
General Partner ” means Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc., a Maryland corporation, and any successor as general partner of the Partnership.

 
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General Partner Expenses ” means (a) costs and expenses relating to the formation and continuity of existence and operation of the General Partner and any Subsidiaries thereof (which Subsidiaries shall, for purposes hereof, be included within the definition of General Partner), including taxes, fees and assessments associated therewith, any and all costs, expenses or fees payable to any director, officer or employee of the General Partner, (b) costs and expenses relating to any public offering and registration, or private offering, of securities by the General Partner, and all statements, reports, fees and expenses incidental thereto, including underwriting discounts and commissions applicable to any such offering of securities, and any costs and expenses associated with any claims made by any holders of such securities or any underwriters or placement agents thereof, (c) costs and expenses associated with the repurchase of any securities of the General Partner, (d) costs and expenses associated with the preparation and filing of any periodic report or other reports or communications by the General Partner under federal, state or local laws or regulations, including filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission and any securities exchange, (e) costs and expenses associated with compliance by the General Partner with laws, rules and regulations promulgated by any regulatory body, including the Securities and Exchange Commission and any securities exchange, (f) costs and expenses associated with any 401(k) plan, incentive plan, bonus plan or other plan providing for compensation for the officers, directors or employees of the General Partner or its Affiliates, (g) costs and expenses incurred by the General Partner relating to any issuing or redemption of Partnership Interests and (h) all other operating or administrative costs of the General Partner incurred in the ordinary course of its business on behalf of or in connection with the Partnership.
 
General Partner Interest ” means a Partnership Interest held by the General Partner, in its capacity as general partner. A General Partner Interest may be expressed as a number of Partnership Units.
 
Gross Asset Value ” means, with respect to any asset of the Partnership, such asset’s adjusted basis for federal income tax purposes, except as follows:
 
(a)           the initial Gross Asset Value of any asset contributed by a Partner to the Partnership shall be the gross fair market value of such asset, without reduction for liabilities, as determined by the contributing Partner and the Partnership on the date of contribution thereof;
 
(b)           if the General Partner determines that an adjustment is necessary or appropriate to reflect the relative economic interests of the Partners, the Gross Asset Values of all Partnership assets shall be adjusted in accordance with Sections 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(f) and (g) of the Regulations to equal their respective gross fair market values, without reduction for liabilities, as reasonably determined by the General Partner, as of the following times:
 
(i)            a Capital Contribution (other than a de minimis Capital Contribution) to the Partnership by a new or existing Partner as consideration for a Partnership Interest; or
 
(ii)           the distribution by the Partnership to a Partner of more than a de minimis amount of Partnership assets as consideration for the repurchase of a Partnership Interest; or
 
(iii)          the liquidation of the Partnership within the meaning of Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(g) of the Regulations;
 
(c)           the Gross Asset Values of Partnership assets distributed to any Partner shall be the gross fair market values of such assets (taking Section 7701(g) of the Code into account) without reduction for liabilities, as determined by the General Partner as of the date of distribution; and

 
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(d)           the Gross Asset Values of Partnership assets shall be increased (or decreased) to reflect any adjustments to the adjusted basis of such assets pursuant to Sections 734(b) or 743(b) of the Code, but only to the extent that such adjustments are taken into account in determining Capital Accounts pursuant to Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(m) of the Regulations (as set forth in Exhibit B ); provided , however , that Gross Asset Values shall not be adjusted pursuant to this paragraph (d) to the extent that the General Partner determines that an adjustment pursuant to paragraph (b) above is necessary or appropriate in connection with a transaction that would otherwise result in an adjustment pursuant to this paragraph (d).
 
At all times, Gross Asset Values shall be adjusted by any Depreciation taken into account with respect to the Partnership’s assets for purposes of computing Net Income and Net Loss.
 
Immediate Family ” means, as to any natural Persons: (i) any of such Person’s parents and siblings, spouse and descendants and any of the spouses of such descendants (collectively, the “ Individual Group ”), (ii) any trust, the beneficiaries of which consist exclusively of one or more members of the Individual Group (collectively, the “ Family Trusts ”), and (iii) any entity which is controlled by, directly or indirectly, one or more members of the Individual Group and/or one or more of the Family Trusts.
 
Incapacity ” or “ Incapacitated ” means,
 
(a)           as to any individual who is a Partner, death, total physical disability or entry by a court of competent jurisdiction adjudicating him incompetent to manage his person or his estate;
 
(b)           as to any corporation which is a Partner, the filing of a certificate of dissolution, or its equivalent, for the corporation or the revocation of its charter;
 
(c)           as to any partnership which is a Partner, the dissolution and commencement of winding up of the partnership;
 
(d)           as to any limited liability company which is a Partner, the dissolution and commencement of winding up of the limited liability company;
 
(e)           as to any estate which is a Partner, the distribution by the fiduciary of the estate’s entire interest in the Partnership;
 
(f)            as to any trustee of a trust which is a Partner, the termination of the trust (but not the substitution of a new trustee); or
 
(g)           as to any Partner, the bankruptcy of such Partner, which shall be deemed to have occurred when:
 
(i)            the Partner commences a voluntary proceeding seeking liquidation, reorganization or other relief under any bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect;

 
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(ii)           the Partner is adjudged as bankrupt or insolvent, or a final and nonappealable order for relief under any bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law now or hereafter in effect has been entered against the Partner;
 
(iii)          the Partner executes and delivers a general assignment for the benefit of the Partner’s creditors;
 
(iv)          the Partner files an answer or other pleading admitting or failing to contest the material allegations of a petition filed against the Partner in any proceeding of the nature described in clause (ii) above;
 
(v)           the Partner seeks, consents to or acquiesces in the appointment of a trustee, receiver or liquidator for the Partner or for all or any substantial part of the Partner’s properties;
 
(vi)         any proceeding seeking liquidation, reorganization or other relief of or against such Partner under any bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect has not been dismissed within 120 days after the commencement thereof;
 
(vii)        the appointment without the Partner’s consent or acquiescence of a trustee, receiver or liquidator has not been vacated or stayed within 90 days of such appointment; or
 
(viii)       an appointment referred to in clause (vii) which has been stayed is not vacated within 90 days after the expiration of any such stay.
 
include ”, “ includes ” and “ including ” shall be construed as if followed by the phrase “without limitation”.
 
Indemnitee ” means
 
(a)           any Person made a party to a proceeding by reason of:
 
(i)            its status as the General Partner or Liquidator,
 
(ii)           its status as a Limited Partner,
 
(iii)          its status as an investment advisor to the General Partner,
 
(iv)          its status as a trustee, director or officer of the Partnership, the General Partner, or the investment advisor to the General Partner,
 
(v)           its status as a director, trustee, member or officer of any other Entity, each Person serving in such capacity at the request of the Partnership or the General Partner, or

 
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(vi)         his or its liabilities, pursuant to a loan guarantee or otherwise, for any indebtedness of the Partnership or any Subsidiary of the Partnership (including any indebtedness which the Partnership or any Subsidiary of the Partnership has assumed or taken assets subject to); and
 
(b)           such other Persons (including Affiliates of the General Partner, a Limited Partner or the Partnership) as the General Partner may designate from time to time (whether before or after the event giving rise to potential liability), in its sole and absolute discretion.
 
Initial Limited Partner ” means Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.
 
IRS ” shall mean the Internal Revenue Service of the United States (or any successor organization).
 
Liability Shortfall ” has the meaning set forth in Paragraph 3(d) of Exhibit B .
 
Lien ” means any lien, security interest, mortgage, deed of trust, charge, claim, encumbrance, pledge, option, right of first offer or first refusal and any other right or interest of others of any kind or nature, actual or contingent, or other similar encumbrance of any nature whatsoever.
 
Limited Partner ” means, prior to the admission of the first Additional Limited Partner to the Partnership, the Initial Limited Partner, and thereafter any Person named as a Limited Partner in Exhibit A , as such Exhibit may be amended from time to time, upon the execution and delivery by such Person of an additional limited partner signature page, or any Substituted Limited Partner or Additional Limited Partner, in such Person’s capacity as a Limited Partner of the Partnership.
 
Limited Partner Interest ” means a Partnership Interest of a Limited Partner in the Partnership representing a fractional part of the Partnership Interests of all Partners and includes any and all benefits to which the holder of such a Partnership Interest may be entitled, as provided in this Agreement, together with all obligations of such Person to comply with the terms and provisions of this Agreement. A Limited Partner Interest may be expressed as a number of Partnership Units.
 
Liquidating Events ” has the meaning set forth in Section 13.1 .
 
Liquidator ” has the meaning set forth in Section 13.2 .
 
Management Agreement ” means the Second Amended and Restated Management Agreement, dated as of February 28, 2011, among the Partnership and the General Partner, as advisees, and the Initial Limited Partner, as advisor, as the same may be amended, supplemented or restated from time to time.
 
Net Income ” or “ Net Loss ” means, for each fiscal year or other applicable period, an amount equal to the Partnership’s taxable income or loss for such year or period as determined for federal income tax purposes by the General Partner, determined in accordance with Section 703(a) of the Code (for this purpose, all items of income, gain, loss or deduction required to be stated separately pursuant to Section 703(a) of the Code shall be included in taxable income or loss), adjusted as follows:

 
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(a)            by including as an item of gross income any tax-exempt income received by the Partnership and not otherwise taken into account in computing Net Income or Net Loss;
 
(b)            by treating as a deductible expense any expenditure of the Partnership described in Section 705(a)(2)(B) of the Code (or which is treated as a Section 705(a)(2)(B) expenditure pursuant to Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(i) of the Regulations) and not otherwise taken into account in computing Net Income or Net Loss, including amounts paid or incurred to organize the Partnership (unless an election is made pursuant to Section 709(b) of the Code) or to promote the sale of interests in the Partnership and by treating deductions for any losses incurred in connection with the sale or exchange of Partnership property disallowed pursuant to Section 267(a)(1) or 707(b) of the Code as expenditures described in Section 705(a)(2)(B) of the Code;
 
(c)            by taking into account Depreciation in lieu of depreciation, depletion, amortization and other cost recovery deductions taken into account in computing taxable income or loss;
 
(d)            by computing gain or loss resulting from any disposition of Partnership property with respect to which gain or loss is recognized for federal income tax purposes by reference to the Gross Asset Value of such property rather than its adjusted tax basis;
 
(e)            if an adjustment of the Gross Asset Value of any Partnership asset which requires that the Capital Accounts of the Partnership be adjusted pursuant to Sections 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(e), (f) and (g) of the Regulations, by taking into account the amount of such adjustment as if such adjustment represented additional Net Income or Net Loss pursuant to Exhibit B ; and
 
(f)             by not taking into account in computing Net Income or Net Loss items separately allocated to the Partners pursuant to Paragraphs 2 and 3 of Exhibit B .
 
Nonrecourse Deductions ” has the meaning set forth in Sections 1.704-2(b)(1) and 1.704-2(c) of the Regulations.
 
Nonrecourse Liabilities ” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.704-2(b)(3) of the Regulations.
 
Offer ” has the meaning set forth in Section 11.2(c)(i) .
 
Original Agreement ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.
 
Partner ” means the General Partner or a Limited Partner, and “Partners” means the General Partner and the Limited Partners collectively.  Solely for purposes of Exhibit B , “Partner” shall include the Special Limited Partner.

 
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Partner Nonrecourse Debt ” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.704-2(b)(4) of the Regulations.
 
Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain ” means an amount, with respect to each Partner Nonrecourse Debt, equal to the Partnership Minimum Gain that would result if such Partner Nonrecourse Debt were treated as a Nonrecourse Liability, determined in accordance with Section 1.704-2(i)(3) of the Regulations.
 
Partner Nonrecourse Deductions ” has the meaning set forth in Sections 1.704-2(i)(1) and (2) of the Regulations, and the amount of Partner Nonrecourse Deductions with respect to a Partner Nonrecourse Debt for a Partnership taxable year shall be determined in accordance with the rules of Section 1.704-2(i)(2) of the Regulations.
 
Partnership ” means the limited partnership formed under the Act and pursuant to this Agreement, and any successor thereto.
 
Partnership Interest ” means an ownership interest in the Partnership representing a Capital Contribution by either a Limited Partner or the General Partner and includes any and all benefits to which the holder of such a Partnership Interest may be entitled as provided in this Agreement, together with all obligations of such Person to comply with the terms and provisions of this Agreement. A Partnership Interest may be expressed as a number of Partnership Units.
 
Partnership Minimum Gain ” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.704-2(b)(2) of the Regulations, and the amount of Partnership Minimum Gain, as well as any net increase or decrease in a Partnership Minimum Gain, for a Partnership taxable year shall be determined in accordance with the rules of Section 1.704-2(d) of the Regulations.
 
Partnership Record Date ” means the record date established by the General Partner for a distribution pursuant to Section 5.1(a) , which record date shall be the same as the record date established by the General Partner for a distribution to its Stockholders of some or all of its portion of such distribution.
 
Partnership Unit ” means a fractional, undivided share of the Partnership Interests of all Partners issued pursuant to Sections 4.1 , 4.2 and 4.3 and includes any classes or series of Partnership Units established after the date hereof. The number of Partnership Units outstanding and the Percentage Interests in the Partnership represented by such Partnership Units are set forth in Exhibit A , as such Exhibit may be amended from time to time. The ownership of Partnership Units shall be evidenced by such form of certificate for Partnership Units as the General Partner adopts from time to time unless the General Partner determines that the Partnership Units shall be uncertificated securities.
 
Partnership Year ” means the fiscal year of the Partnership, as set forth in Section 9.2 .
 
Percentage Interest ” means, as to a Partner, the fractional part of the Partnership Interests owned by such Partner and expressed as a percentage as specified in Exhibit A , as such Exhibit may be amended from time to time.

 
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Permitted Transferee ” means any person to whom Partnership Units are Transferred in accordance with Section 11.3 .
 
Person ” means an individual or Entity.
 
Precontribution Gain ” has the meaning set forth in subparagraph 3(c) of Exhibit B .
 
Preferred Return ” means a cumulative, non-compounded rate of return equal to seven percent (7%) per annum with respect to all returns of capital.
 
Quarter ” means each of the three-month periods ending on March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31.
 
Real Estate Assets ” means any investment by the Partnership in unimproved and improved real property (including fee or leasehold interests, options and leases) or mortgage or real estate-related note, directly, through one or more subsidiaries or through a joint venture.
 
Realized Investments ” means those Real Estate Assets then and previously disposed of including in any Capital Transactions.
 
Registration Statement ” means the Registration Statement on Form S-11 filed by the General Partner with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and any amendments thereof at any time made, relating to the Common Stock.
 
Regulations ” means the final, temporary or proposed income tax regulations promulgated under the Code, as such regulations may be amended from time to time (including corresponding provisions of succeeding regulations).
 
Regulatory Allocations ” means the allocations set forth in Paragraph 2 of Exhibit B .
 
REIT ” means a real estate investment trust as defined in Section 856 of the Code.
 
REIT Offering Expenses ” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.4 .
 
REIT Requirements ” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.2 .
 
Safe Harbors ” has the meaning set forth in Section 11.6(f) .
 
Securities ” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.2(b) .
 
Special Limited Partner ” means Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, which shall be a limited partner of the Partnership and recognized as such under applicable Delaware law, but not a Limited Partner within the meaning of this Agreement.
 
Special Limited Partner Interest ” means the interest of the Special Limited Partner in the Partnership representing its right as the holder of an interest in distributions described in Section 5.1(a)(v)(B) (and any corresponding allocations of income, gain, loss and deduction under this Agreement).

 
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Stockholder ” means a holder of Common Stock.
 
Subsidiary ” means, with respect to any Person, any corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other entity of which a majority of (a) the voting power of the voting equity securities, or (b) the outstanding equity interests (whether or not voting), is owned, directly or indirectly, by such Person.
 
Substituted Limited Partner ” means a Person who is admitted as a Limited Partner to the Partnership pursuant to Section 11.4 .
 
Surviving General Partner ” has the meaning set forth in Section 11.2(d)(i)(A) .
 
Tax Allocations ” means the allocations set forth in Paragraph 4 of Exhibit B .
 
Tax Items ” has the meaning set forth in Paragraph 3(a) of Exhibit B .
 
Transaction ” has the meaning set forth in Section 11.2(c) .
 
Transfer ” as a noun, means any sale, assignment, conveyance, pledge, hypothecation, gift, encumbrance or other transfer, and as a verb, means to sell, assign, convey, pledge, hypothecate, give, encumber or otherwise transfer.
 
Valuation Date ” means the date of receipt by the Partnership and the General Partner of notice from an exchanging Partner that such Partner is exercising its Exchange Rights or, if such date is not a Business Day, the first Business Day thereafter.
 
Certain additional terms and phrases have the meanings set forth in Exhibit B .
 
ARTICLE 2
ORGANIZATIONAL MATTERS
 
2.1
Formation
 
The General Partner has formed the Partnership by filing the Certificate on May 13, 2010 in the office of the Delaware Secretary of State.  The Partnership is a limited partnership organized pursuant to the provision of the Act and upon the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement.  Except as expressly provided herein to the contrary, the rights and obligations of the Partners and the administration and termination of the Partnership shall be governed by the Act. The Partnership Interest of each Partner shall be personal property for all purposes.
 
2.2
Name
 
The name of the Partnership is Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, L.P.  The Partnership’s business may be conducted under any other name or names deemed advisable by the General Partner, including the name of the General Partner or any Affiliate thereof. The words “Limited Partnership”, “LP”, “Ltd.” or similar words, phrases or letters shall be included in the Partnership’s name where necessary for the purposes of complying with the laws of any jurisdiction that so requires. The General Partner in its sole and absolute discretion may change the name of the Partnership and shall notify the Limited Partners of such change in the next regular communication to the Limited Partners.

 
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2.3
Registered Office and Agent; Principal Office
 
The address of the registered office of the Partnership in the State of Delaware and the name and address of the registered agent for service of process on the Partnership in the State of Delaware is the Corporation Service Company, 2711 Centerville Road Suite 400, Wilmington, Delaware 19808. The principal office of the Partnership shall be 3625 Cumberland Boulevard, Suite 400, Atlanta, Georgia 30339, or such other place as the General Partner may from time to time designate by notice to the Limited Partners. The Partnership may maintain offices at such other place or places within or outside the State of Delaware as the General Partner deems advisable.
 
2.4
Power of Attorney
 
(a)           Each Limited Partner and each Assignee who accepts Partnership Units (or any rights, benefits or privileges associated therewith) is deemed to irrevocably constitute and appoint the General Partner, any Liquidator, and authorized officers and attorneys-in-fact of each, and each of those acting singly, in each case with full power of substitution, as its true and lawful agent and attorney-in-fact, with full power and authority in its name, place and stead to:
 
(i)            execute, swear to, acknowledge, deliver, file and record in the appropriate public offices:
 
(A)         all certificates, documents and other instruments (including this Agreement and the Certificate and all amendments or restatements thereof) that the General Partner or the Liquidator deems appropriate or necessary to form, qualify or continue the existence or qualification of the Partnership as a limited partnership (or a partnership in which the Limited Partners have limited liability) in the State of Delaware and in all other jurisdictions in which the Partnership may or plans to conduct business or own property, including any documents necessary or advisable to convey any Contributed Property to the Partnership;
 
(B)          all instruments that the General Partner or any Liquidator deems appropriate or necessary to reflect any amendment, change, modification or restatement of this Agreement in accordance with its terms;
 
(C)          all conveyances and other instruments or documents that the General Partner or any Liquidator deems appropriate or necessary to reflect the dissolution and liquidation of the Partnership pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, including a certificate of cancellation;
 
(D)          all instruments relating to the admission, withdrawal, removal or substitution of any Partner pursuant to, or other events described in, Article 11 , 12 or 13 or the Capital Contribution of any Partner;

 
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(E)          all certificates, documents and other instruments relating to the determination of the rights, preferences and privileges of Partnership Interest; and
 
(F)          amendments to this Agreement as provided in Article 14 ; and
 
(ii)           execute, swear to, seal, acknowledge and file all ballots, consents, approvals, waivers, certificates and other instruments appropriate or necessary, in the sole and absolute discretion of the General Partner or any Liquidator, to make, evidence, give, confirm or ratify any vote, consent, approval, agreement or other action which is made or given by the Partners hereunder or is consistent with the terms of this Agreement or appropriate or necessary, in the sole discretion of the General Partner or any Liquidator, to effectuate the terms or intent of this Agreement.
 
Nothing contained herein shall be construed as authorizing the General Partner or any Liquidator to amend this Agreement except in accordance with Article 14 or as may be otherwise expressly provided for in this Agreement.
 
(b)        (i)           The foregoing power of attorney is hereby declared to be irrevocable and a power coupled with an interest, in recognition of the fact that each of the Limited Partners will be relying upon the power of the General Partner and any Liquidator to act as contemplated by this Agreement in any filing or other action by it on behalf of the Partnership, and it shall survive and not be affected by the subsequent Incapacity of any Limited Partner or Assignee and the Transfer of all or any portion of such Limited Partner’s or Assignee’s Partnership Units and shall extend to such Limited Partner’s or Assignee’s heirs, successors, assigns and personal representatives.
 
(ii)           Each such Limited Partner or Assignee hereby agrees to be bound by any representation made by the General Partner or any Liquidator, acting in good faith pursuant to such power of attorney, and each such Limited Partner or Assignee hereby waives any and all defenses which may be available to contest, negate or disaffirm the action of the General Partner or any Liquidator, taken in good faith under such power of attorney.
 
(iii)          Each Limited Partner or Assignee shall execute and deliver to the General Partner or the Liquidator, within 15 days after receipt of the General Partner’s or Liquidator’s request therefore, such further designation, powers of attorney and other instruments as the General Partner or the Liquidator, as the case may be, deems necessary to effectuate this Agreement and the purposes of the Partnership.
 
(c)           For the purposes of this Section 2.4 , the term “Limited Partner” shall be deemed to include the Special Limited Partner, unless the context otherwise requires.
 
2.5
Term
 
The term of the Partnership shall commence on the date hereof and shall continue until December 31, 2099, unless the Partnership is dissolved sooner pursuant to the provisions of Article 13 or as otherwise provided by law.

 
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ARTICLE 3
PURPOSE
 
3.1
Purpose and Business
 
(a)           The purpose and nature of the business to be conducted by the Partnership is to conduct any business that may be lawfully conducted by a limited partnership organized pursuant to the Act, including to engage in the following activities:
 
(i)             to acquire, hold, own, develop, construct, improve, maintain, operate, sell, lease, transfer, encumber, convey, exchange, and otherwise dispose of or deal with the assets described in the prospectus contained in the Registration Statement;
 
(ii)            to acquire, hold, own, develop, construct, improve, maintain, operate, sell, lease, transfer, encumber, convey, exchange, and otherwise dispose of or deal with real and personal property of all kinds;
 
(iii)           to enter into any partnership, joint venture, corporation, limited liability company, trust or other similar arrangement to engage in any of the foregoing;
 
(iv)           to undertake such other activities as may be necessary, advisable, desirable or convenient to the business of the Partnership; and
 
(v)            to engage in such other ancillary activities as shall be necessary or desirable to effectuate the foregoing purposes;
 
provided , however , that such business shall be limited to and conducted in such a manner as to permit the General Partner at all times to be classified as a REIT, unless the General Partner determines not to qualify as a REIT or ceases to qualify as a REIT for any reason not related to the business conducted by the Partnership.
 
(b)          The Partnership shall have all powers necessary or desirable to accomplish the purposes enumerated.
 
3.2
Powers
 
(a)           The Partnership is empowered to do any and all acts and things necessary, appropriate, proper, advisable, incidental to or convenient for the furtherance and accomplishment of the purposes and business described herein and for the protection and benefit of the Partnership, including full power and authority to enter into, perform and carry out contracts of any kind, to borrow money and to issue evidences of indebtedness, whether or not secured by a Lien, and, directly or indirectly, to acquire, own, manage, improve, develop and construct real property, and lease, sell, transfer and dispose of real property; provided , however , that the Partnership shall not take, or refrain from taking, any action which, in the judgment of the General Partner, in its sole and absolute discretion,
 
(i)             could adversely affect the ability of the General Partner to continue to qualify as a REIT, unless the General Partner otherwise ceases to qualify as a REIT;

 
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(ii)            could subject the General Partner to any additional taxes under Section 857 or Section 4981 of the Code; or
 
(iii)           could violate any law or regulation of any governmental body or agency having jurisdiction over the General Partner or its securities, unless such action (or inaction) shall have been specifically consented to by the General Partner in writing.
 
(b)           The General Partner also is empowered to do any and all acts and things necessary, appropriate or advisable to ensure that the Partnership will not be classified as a “publicly traded partnership” for the purposes of Section 7704 of the Code, including but not limited to imposing restrictions on exchanges of Partnership Units.
 
ARTICLE 4
CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS
 
4.1
Capital Contributions of the Partners
 
(a)           The General Partner and Initial Limited Partner have made the Capital Contributions as set forth in Exhibit A .
 
(b)           To the extent the Partnership acquires any property by the merger of any other Person into the Partnership or the contribution of assets by any other Person, Persons who receive Partnership Interests in exchange for their interests in the Person merging into or contributing assets to the Partnership shall become Limited Partners and shall be deemed to have made Capital Contributions as provided in the applicable merger agreement or contribution agreement and as set forth in Exhibit A , as amended to reflect such deemed Capital Contributions.
 
(c)           Each Partner shall own Partnership Units in the amounts set forth for such Partner in Exhibit A and shall have a Percentage Interest in the Partnership as set forth in Exhibit A , which Percentage Interest shall be adjusted in Exhibit A from time to time by the General Partner to the extent necessary to reflect accurately exchanges, additional Capital Contributions, the issuance of additional Partnership Units, transfers of Partnership Units or similar events having an effect on any Partner’s Percentage Interest.
 
(d)           The number of Partnership Units held by the General Partner, in its capacity as general partner, shall be deemed to be the General Partner Interest.
 
(e)           Except as otherwise may be expressly provided herein, the Partners shall have no obligation to make any additional Capital Contributions or provide any additional funding to the Partnership (whether in the form of loans, repayments of loans or otherwise) and no Partner shall have any obligation to restore any deficit that may exist in its Capital Account, either upon a liquidation of the Partnership or otherwise.

 
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4.2
Additional Funds; Restrictions on the General Partner
 
(a)        (i)           The sums of money required to finance the business and affairs of the Partnership shall be derived from the initial Capital Contributions made to the Partnership by the Partners as set forth in Section 4.1 and from funds generated from the operation and business of the Partnership, including rents and distributions directly or indirectly received by the Partnership from any Subsidiary.
 
(ii)           If additional financing is needed from sources other than as set forth in Section 4.2(a)(i) for any reason, the General Partner may, in its sole and absolute discretion, in such amounts and at such times as it solely shall determine to be necessary or appropriate,
 
(A)         cause the Partnership to issue additional Partnership Interests and admit additional Limited Partners to the Partnership in accordance with Section 4.3 ;
 
(B)          make additional Capital Contributions to the Partnership (subject to the provisions of Section 4.2(b) );
 
(C)          cause the Partnership to borrow money, enter into loan arrangements, issue debt securities, obtain letters of credit or otherwise borrow money on a secured or unsecured basis;
 
(D)          make a loan or loans to the Partnership (subject to Section 4.2(b) ); or
 
(E)          sell any assets or properties directly or indirectly owned by the Partnership.
 
(iii)          In no event shall any Limited Partners be required to make any additional Capital Contributions or any loan to, or otherwise provide any financial accommodation for the benefit of, the Partnership.
 
(b)           The General Partner shall not issue any debt securities, any preferred stock or any common stock (including additional Common Stock (other than (i) the shares of Common Stock sold pursuant to the Registration Statement or the private placement described in the Registration Statement, (ii) as payment of the Common Stock Amount, or (iii) in connection with the conversion or exchange of securities of the General Partner solely in conversion or exchange for other securities of the General Partner)) or rights, options, warrants or convertible, exercisable or exchangeable securities containing the right to subscribe for or purchase any of the foregoing (collectively, “ Securities ”), other than to all holders of Common Stock, unless the General Partner shall:
 
(i)           in the case of debt securities, lend to the Partnership the proceeds of or consideration received for such Securities on the same terms and conditions, including interest rate and repayment schedule, as shall be applicable with respect to or incurred in connection with the issuance of such Securities and the proceeds of, or consideration received from, any subsequent exercise, exchange or conversion thereof (if applicable);

 
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(ii)           in the case of equity Securities senior or junior to the Common Stock as to dividends and distributions on liquidation, contribute to the Partnership the proceeds of or consideration (including any property or other non-cash assets) received for such Securities and the proceeds of, or consideration received from, any subsequent exercise, exchange or conversion thereof (if applicable), and receive from the Partnership, interests in the Partnership in consideration therefor with the same terms and conditions, including dividend, dividend priority and liquidation preference, as are applicable to such Securities; and
 
(iii)          in the case of Common Stock or other equity Securities on a parity with the Common Stock as to dividends and distributions on liquidation, (including Common Stock or other Securities granted as a stock award to directors and officers of the General Partner or directors, officers or employees of its Affiliates in consideration for services or future services, and Common Stock issued a pursuant to a dividend reinvestment plan or issued to enable the General Partner make distributions to satisfy the REIT Requirements), contribute to the Partnership the proceeds of or consideration (including any property or other non-cash assets, but excluding services) received for such Securities, if any, and the proceeds of, or consideration received from, any subsequent exercise, exchange or conversion thereof (if applicable), and receive from the Partnership a number of additional Partnership Units in consideration therefor equal to the product of
 
(A)          the number of shares of Common Stock or other equity Securities issued by the General Partner, multiplied by
 
(B)          a fraction, the numerator of which is one and the denominator of which is the Exchange Factor in effect on the date of such contribution.
 
provided , however , that the General Partner is allowed to issue additional Securities in connection with an acquisition of an asset to be held directly by the General Partner, but if and only if, such direct acquisition and issuance of additional Securities have been approved by a majority of the independent directors of the General Partner.  Without limiting the foregoing, the General Partner is expressly authorized to issue Securities for less than fair market value, and the General Partner is authorized to cause the Partnership to issue to the General Partner (or any direct or indirect wholly owned Subsidiary of the General Partner) corresponding Partnership Units, so long as (x) the General Partner concludes in good faith that such issuance is in the best interests of the General Partner and the Partnership, and (y) the General Partner (or any direct or indirect wholly owned Subsidiary of the General Partner) contributes all proceeds from any such issuance to the Partnership, including an issuance of shares of Common Stock pursuant to a share purchase plan or equity incentive plan providing for purchases of shares of Common Stock at a discount from fair market value or pursuant to option awards, including options to purchase shares that have an exercise price that is less than the fair market value of the shares of Common Stock, either at the time of issuance or at the time of exercise, and restricted or other share awards approved by the board of directors of the General Partner.

 
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4.3
Issuance of Additional Partnership Interests; Admission of Additional Limited Partners
 
(a)           In addition to any Partnership Interests issuable by the Partnership pursuant to Section 4.2 , the General Partner is authorized to cause the Partnership to issue additional Partnership Interests (or options therefore) in the form of Partnership Units or other Partnership Interests in one or more series or classes, or in one or more series of any such class senior, on a parity with, or junior to the Partnership Units to any Persons at any time or from time to time, on such terms and conditions, as the General Partner shall establish in each case in its sole and absolute discretion subject to Delaware law, including (i) the allocations of items of Partnership income, gain, loss, deduction and credit to each class or series of Partnership Interests, (ii) the right of each class or series of Partnership Interests to share in Partnership distributions, and (iii) the rights of each class or series of Partnership Interest upon dissolution and liquidation of the Partnership; provided , however , that no such Partnership Interests shall be issued to the General Partner unless:
 
(i)            the Partnership Interests are issued in connection with the grant, award, or issuance of Common Stock or other equity interests in the General Partner having designations, preferences and other rights such that the economic interests attributable to such Common Stock or other equity interests are substantially similar to the designations, preferences and other rights (except voting rights) of the Partnership Interests issued to the General Partner in accordance with this Section 4.3(a) ,
 
(ii)            the additional Partnership Interests are issued to all Partners holding Partnership Interests in the same class in proportion to their respective Percentage Interests in such class, without any approval being required from any Limited Partner or any other Person, or
 
(iii)            the additional Partnership Units are issued in connection with an issuance of shares of Common Stock or other interests in the General Partner pursuant to a taxable share dividend declared by the General Partner, which shares or interests have designations, preferences and other rights, all such that the economic interests are substantially similar to the designations, preferences and other rights (other than voting rights) of the additional Partnership Units issued to the General Partner by the Partnership in accordance with this Section 4.3 ; and
 
provided further , however , that such issuance does not cause the Partnership to become, with respect to any employee benefit plan subject to Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code, a “party in interest” (as defined in Section 3(14) of ERISA) or a “disqualified person” (as defined in Section 4975(e) of the Code); and such issuance would not cause any portion of the assets of the Partnership to constitute assets of any employee benefit plan pursuant to Section 2510.3-101 of the regulations of the United States Department of Labor, as modified or deemed to be modified by Section 3(42) of ERISA.
 
(b)            Subject to the limitations set forth in Section 4.3(a) , the General Partner may take such steps as it, in its sole and absolute discretion, deems necessary or appropriate to admit any Person as a Limited Partner of the Partnership or to issue any Partnership Interests, including amending the Certificate, Exhibit A or any other provision of this Agreement.
 
 
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4.4
Contribution of Proceeds of Issuance of Common Stock
 
In connection with any offering, grant, award or issuance of Common Stock or securities, rights, options, warrants or convertible, exercisable or exchangeable securities pursuant to Section 4.2 , the General Partner shall make aggregate Capital Contributions to the Partnership of the proceeds raised in connection with such offering, grant, award or issuance, including any property issued to the General Partner pursuant to a merger or contribution agreement in exchange for Common Stock; provided , however , that if the proceeds actually received by the General Partner are less than the gross proceeds of such offering, grant, award or issuance as a result of any underwriter’s discount, commission or fee or other expenses paid or incurred in connection with such offering, grant, award or issuance (the “ REIT Offering Expenses ”), then the General Partner shall make a Capital Contribution to the Partnership in the amount equal to the sum of (a) the net proceeds of such issuance plus (b) an intangible asset in an amount equal to the capitalized costs of the General Partner relating to such issuance of Common Stock.  Upon any such Capital Contribution by the General Partner, the Capital Account of the General Partner shall be increased by the amount of its Capital Contribution as described in the previous sentence.
 
4.5
Repurchase of Common Stock; Shares-In-Trust
 
(a)            If the General Partner shall elect to purchase from its Stockholders Common Stock for the purpose of delivering such Common Stock to satisfy an obligation under any distribution reinvestment plan adopted by the General Partner, any employee stock purchase plan adopted by the General Partner, or for any other purpose, the purchase price paid by the General Partner for such Common Stock and any other expenses incurred by the General Partner in connection with such purchase shall be considered expenses of the Partnership and shall be reimbursed to the General Partner, subject to the condition that:
 
(i)           if such Common Stock subsequently is to be sold by the General Partner, the General Partner shall pay to the Partnership any proceeds received by the General Partner from the sale of such Common Stock ( provided , however , that an exchange of Common Stock for Partnership Units pursuant to the applicable Exchange Rights Agreement would not be considered a sale for such purposes); and
 
(ii)          if such Common Stock is not re-transferred by the General Partner within 30 days after the purchase thereof, the General Partner shall cause the Partnership to cancel a number of Partnership Units held by the General Partner (as applicable) equal to the product of
 
(A)           the number of shares of such Common Stock, multiplied by
 
(B)           a fraction, the numerator of which is one and the denominator of which is the Exchange Factor in effect on the date of such cancellation.
 
(b)           If the General Partner purchases Shares-in-Trust (as from time to time defined in the Articles of Incorporation, as may be amended from time to time), the Partnership will purchase from the General Partner a number of Partnership Units equal to the product of
 
 
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(i)            the number of Shares-in-Trust purchased by the General Partner, multiplied by
 
(ii)            a fraction, the numerator of which is one and the denominator of which is the Exchange Factor in effect on the date of such purchase.
 
4.6
No Third-Party Beneficiary
 
No creditor or other third party having dealings with the Partnership shall have the right to enforce the right or obligations of any Partner to make Capital Contributions or loans or to pursue any other right or remedy hereunder or at law or in equity, it being understood and agreed that the provisions of this Agreement shall be solely for the benefit of, and may be enforced solely by, the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns.
 
4.7
No Interest; No Return
 
(a)            No Partner shall be entitled to interest on its Capital Contribution or on such Partner’s Capital Account.
 
(b)            Except as provided herein or by law, no Partner shall have any right to demand or receive the return of its Capital Contribution from the Partnership.
 
4.8
No Preemptive Rights .
 
Subject to any preemptive rights that may be granted pursuant to Section 4.3 , no Person shall have any preemptive or other similar right with respect to:
 
(a)            additional Capital Contributions or loans to the Partnership; or
 
(b)            issuance or sale of any Partnership Units or other Partnership Interests.
 
ARTICLE 5
DISTRIBUTIONS
 
5.1
Distributions
 
(a)            Cash Available for Distribution .  Subject to the provisions of Sections 5.3 , 5.4 and 13.2 , the General Partner shall cause the Partnership to distribute, at such times as the General Partner shall determine (each a “ Distribution Date ”), an amount of Cash Available for Distribution, determined by the General Partner in its sole discretion to the Limited Partners and the General Partner, as of the applicable Partnership Record Date as follows:
 
(i)            first, among all Partners in proportion to their respective Percentage Interests until the Partners have received pursuant to this Section 5.1(a)(i) and Section 5.1(a)(ii) the amount of their Allocable Capital Contributions with respect to the Real Estate Asset giving rise to such distribution;
 
 
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(ii)            second, among all the Partners in proportion to their respective Percentage Interests until the Partners have received pursuant to this Section 5.1(a)(ii) and Section 5.1(a)(i) cumulative amounts equal to the sum of aggregate Allocable Capital Contributions for all Realized Investments;
 
(iii)            third, among all Partners in proportion to their respective Percentage Interests until the Partners have received pursuant to this Section 5.1(a)(iii) an amount equal to the sum of the Allocable Expenses;
 
(iv)            fourth, among all Partners in proportion to their respective Percentage Interests until the Partners in the aggregate have received, pursuant to this Section 5.1(a)(iv) and Section 5.1(a)(v)(B) , an amount such that the Preferred Return has been met with respect to the Allocable Capital Contributions and Allocable Expenses distributed pursuant to Sections 5.1(a)(i) , 5.1(a)(ii) and 5.1(a)(iii) ; then
 
(v)            fifth, (A) eighty-five percent (85%) among all Partners in proportion to their respective Percentage Interests and (B) fifteen percent (15%) to the Special Limited Partner.
 
(b)            In no event may any Partner receive a distribution pursuant to this Section 5.1 with respect to a Partnership Unit if such Partner is entitled to receive a distribution with respect to Common Stock for which such a Partnership Unit has been exchanged.
 
(c)            To the extent a distribution under Section 5.1(a)(v)(B) has been paid to the Special Limited Partner for any Real Estate Assets sold within 60 days prior to the sale of a Real Estate Asset in which the Preferred Return for that Real Estate Asset was not met, the Special Limited Partner shall return to the Partnership an amount up to the distribution received for the Real Estate Assets sold within such 60-day period, which shall be applied to any Preferred Return shortfall actually arising from the sale of the subsequent Real Estate Asset.
 
5.2
Qualification as a REIT
 
The General Partner shall use its best efforts to cause the Partnership to distribute sufficient amounts under this Article 5 to enable the General Partner to pay dividends to the Stockholders that will enable the General Partner to (a) satisfy the requirements for qualification as a REIT under the Code and Regulations (“ REIT Requirements ”), and (b) avoid any federal income or excise tax liability; provided , however , that the General Partner shall not be bound to comply with this covenant to the extent such distributions would (i) violate applicable Delaware law, or (ii) contravene the terms of any notes, mortgages or other types of debt obligations to which the Partnership may be subject in conjunction with borrowed funds.
 
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Limited Partners agree that the General Partner may terminate or revoke its status as a REIT at any time.
 
 
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5.3
Withholding
 
With respect to any withholding tax or other similar tax liability or obligation to which the Partnership may be subject as a result of any act or status of any Partner or the Special Limited Partner or to which the Partnership becomes subject with respect to any Partnership Unit or the Special Limited Partner Interest, the Partnership shall have the right to withhold amounts distributable pursuant to this Article 5 to such Partner or the Special Limited Partner or with respect to such Partnership Units or the Special Limited Partner Interest, to the extent of the amount of such withholding tax or other similar tax liability or obligation pursuant to the provisions contained in Section 10.5 , and the amount of any withholding shall reduce the right of such Partner or the Special Limited Partner to future distribution to the extent provided in Section 10.5 .
 
5.4
Additional Partnership Interests
 
If the Partnership issues Partnership Interests in accordance with Section 4.2 or 4.3 , the distribution priorities set forth in Section 5.1 shall be amended, as necessary, to reflect the distribution priority of such Partnership Interests and corresponding amendments shall be made to the provisions of Exhibit B .
 
5.5
Tax Distributions
 
The General Partner, on behalf of the Partnership, shall make, in its sole discretion and subject to Section 5.2 , distributions of cash to the Special Limited Partner to provide it with funds to pay applicable federal, state and local income tax liabilities attributable to Partnership income allocated to it (“ Tax Distributions ”), payable within 30 days after the end of each of the first three fiscal quarters and within 90 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Partnership, in an aggregate amount equal to the amount, if any, by which (i) the anticipated taxes with respect to the income attributable to the Special Limited Partner Interest for such fiscal year, exceeds (ii) the aggregate net cash distributions attributable to the Special Limited Partner Interest made to the Special Limited Partner with respect to such fiscal year.  For the purposes of this Agreement, all calculations of anticipated taxes shall assume the highest applicable marginal federal, state and local tax rates for an individual resident, or a corporation doing business, in Atlanta, Georgia, whichever is higher, for such period, taking into account (i) the character of income or gain and any allowable United States federal income tax deduction for state and local taxes, as if such person were not entitled to deduct any expenses that are deductible by an individual only under Section 212 of the Code, and using such other reasonable assumptions as the General Partner may determine and (ii) any carryovers of Partnership capital losses for prior fiscal years (but not other losses) to the extent such losses would be deductible in determining such person’s tax liability for such fiscal year, determined by taking into account only such person’s items of income, gain, loss and deduction attributable to the Partnership.  The Special Limited Partner may elect to receive less than the full amount of any cash distribution to which it is otherwise entitled under this Section 5.5 .  All Tax Distributions distributed to the Special Limited Partner shall offset future distributions payable to the Special Limited Partner pursuant to Section 5.1 .
 
 
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ARTICLE 6
ALLOCATIONS
 
6.1
Allocations
 
The Net Income, Net Loss and other Partnership items shall be allocated pursuant to the provisions of Exhibit B .
 
6.2
Revisions to Allocations to Reflect Issuance of Partnership Interests
 
If the Partnership issues Partnership Interests to the General Partner or any additional Limited Partner pursuant to Article 4 , the General Partner shall make such revisions to this Article 6 and Exhibit B as it deems necessary to reflect the terms of the issuance of such Partnership Interests, including making preferential allocations to classes of Partnership Interests that are entitled thereto. Such revisions shall not require the consent or approval of any other Partner.
 
ARTICLE 7
MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS OF BUSINESS
 
7.1
Management
 
(a)            (i)          Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, full, complete and exclusive discretion to manage and control the business and affairs of the Partnership are and shall be vested in the General Partner, and no Limited Partner shall have any right to participate in or exercise control or management power over the business and affairs of the Partnership.
 
(ii)          The General Partner may not be removed by the Limited Partners with or without cause.
 
(iii)         In addition to the powers now or hereafter granted a general partner of a limited partnership under applicable law or which are granted to the General Partner under any other provision of this Agreement, the General Partner shall have full power and authority to do all things deemed necessary or desirable by it to conduct the business of the Partnership, to exercise all powers set forth in Section 3.2 and to effectuate the purposes set forth in Section 3.1 , including:
 
(A)            (1)           the making of any expenditures, the lending or borrowing of money, including making prepayments on loans and borrowing money to permit the Partnership to make distributions to its Partners in such amounts as will permit the General Partner (so long as the General Partner qualifies as a REIT) to avoid the payment of any federal income tax (including, for this purpose, any excise tax pursuant to Section 4981 of the Code) and to make distributions to its Stockholders in amounts sufficient to permit the General Partner to maintain REIT status,
 
 
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(2)            the assumption or guarantee of, or other contracting for, indebtedness and other liabilities,
 
(3)            the issuance of evidence of indebtedness (including the securing of the same by a Lien or encumbrance on the Partnership’s assets), and
 
(4)            the incurring of any obligations it deems necessary for the conduct of the activities of the Partnership, including the payment of all expenses associated with the General Partner;
 
(B)          the acquisition, purchase, ownership, operation, leasing and disposition of any real property and any other property or assets, including mortgages and real estate-related notes, whether directly or indirectly;
 
(C)          the making of tax, regulatory and other filings, or rendering of periodic or other reports to governmental or other agencies having jurisdiction over the business or assets of the Partnership or the General Partner;
 
(D)          the acquisition, disposition, mortgage, pledge, encumbrance, hypothecation or exchange of all or substantially all of the assets of the Partnership (including the exercise or grant of any conversion, option, privilege, or subscription right or other right available in connection with any assets at any time held by the Partnership) or the merger, consolidation or other combination (each a “ Business Combination ”) of the Partnership with or into another Entity on such terms as the General Partner deems proper; provided , however , that the General Partner shall be required to send to each Limited Partner a notice of such proposed Business Combination no less than 15 days prior to the record date for the vote of the General Partner’s Stockholders on such Business Combination, if any;
 
(E)          the use of the assets of the Partnership (including cash on hand) for any purpose consistent with the terms of this Agreement and on any terms it sees fit, including,
 
(1)            the financing of the conduct of the operations of the General Partner, the Partnership or any of the Partnership’s Subsidiaries,
 
(2)            the lending of funds to other Persons (including the Subsidiaries of the Partnership and/or the General Partner) and the repayment of obligations of the Partnership and its Subsidiaries and any other Person in which it has an equity investment, and
 
(3)            the making of capital contributions to its Subsidiaries;
 
(F)           the expansion, development, redevelopment, construction, leasing, repair, rehabilitation, repositioning, alteration, demolition or improvement of any property in which the Partnership or any Subsidiary of the Partnership owns an interest;
 
 
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(G)          the negotiation, execution, and performance of any contracts, conveyances or other instruments that the General Partner considers useful or necessary to the conduct of the Partnership’s operations or the implementation of the General Partner’s powers under this Agreement, including contracting with contractors, developers, consultants, accountants, legal counsel, other professional advisors and other agents and the payment of their expenses and compensation out of the Partnership’s assets;
 
(H)          the distribution of Partnership cash or other Partnership assets in accordance with this Agreement;
 
(I)            holding, managing, investing and reinvesting cash and other assets of the Partnership;
 
(J)            the collection and receipt of revenues and income of the Partnership;
 
(K)          the establishment of one or more divisions of the Partnership, the selection and dismissal of employees of the Partnership (including employees having titles such as “president”, “vice president”, “secretary” and “treasurer” of the Partnership), and agents, outside attorneys, accountants, consultants and contractors of the Partnership, and the determination of their compensation and other terms of employment or engagement;
 
(L)           the maintenance of such insurance for the benefit of the Partnership and the Partners and directors and officers thereof as it deems necessary or appropriate;
 
(M)         the formation of, or acquisition of an interest (including non-voting interests in entities controlled by Affiliates of the Partnership or third parties) in, and the contribution of property to, any further Entities or other relationships that it deems desirable, including the acquisition of interests in, and the contributions of funds or property to, or making of loans to, its Subsidiaries and any other Person from time to time, or the incurrence of indebtedness on behalf of such Persons or the guarantee of the obligations of such Persons; provided , however , that, as long as the General Partner has determined to elect to qualify as a REIT or to continue to qualify as a REIT, the Partnership may not engage in any such formation, acquisition or contribution that would cause the General Partner to fail to qualify as a REIT;
 
(N)          the control of any matters affecting the rights and obligations of the Partnership, including
 
(1)            the settlement, compromise, submission to arbitration or any other form of dispute resolution, or abandonment of, any claim, cause of action, liability, debt or damages, due or owing to or from the Partnership,
 
 
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(2)            the commencement or defense of suits, legal proceedings, administrative proceedings, arbitration or other forms of dispute resolution, and
 
(3)            the representation of the Partnership in all suits or legal proceedings, administrative proceedings, arbitrations or other forms of dispute resolution, the incurring of legal expenses, and the indemnification of any Person against liabilities and contingencies to the extent permitted by law;
 
(O)          the undertaking of any action in connection with the Partnership’s direct or indirect investment in its Subsidiaries or any other Person (including the contribution or loan of funds by the Partnership to such Persons);
 
(P)           the determination of the fair market value of any Partnership property distributed in kind using such reasonable method of valuation as the General Partner, in its sole discretion, may adopt;
 
(Q)          the exercise, directly or indirectly, through any attorney-in-fact acting under a general or limited power of attorney, of any right, including the right to vote, appurtenant to any asset or investment held by the Partnership;
 
(R)           the exercise of any of the powers of the General Partner enumerated in this Agreement on behalf of or in connection with any Subsidiary of the Partnership or any other Person in which the Partnership has a direct or indirect interest, or jointly with any such Subsidiary or other Person;
 
(S)           the exercise of any of the powers of the General Partner enumerated in this Agreement on behalf of any Person in which the Partnership does not have an interest pursuant to contractual or other arrangements with such Person;
 
(T)           the making, execution and delivery of any and all deeds, leases, notes, mortgages, deeds of trust, security agreements, conveyances, contracts, guarantees, warranties, indemnities, waivers, releases or legal instruments or agreements in writing necessary or appropriate, in the judgment of the General Partner, for the accomplishment of any of the foregoing;
 
(U)          the issuance of additional Partnership Units in connection with Capital Contributions by Additional Limited Partners and additional Capital Contributions by Partners pursuant to Article 4 ;
 
(V)           the authorization, issuance, sale, redemption or purchase of any Partnership Units or any securities of the Partnership;
 
 
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(W)         the opening of bank accounts on behalf of, and in the name of, the Partnership and its Subsidiaries; and
 
(X)           the amendment and restatement of Exhibit A to reflect accurately at all times the Capital Contributions and Percentage Interests of the Partners as the same are adjusted from time to time to the extent necessary to reflect redemptions, Capital Contributions, the issuance of Partnership Units, the admission of any Additional Limited Partner or any Substituted Limited Partner or otherwise, which amendment and restatement, notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, shall not be deemed an amendment of this Agreement, as long as the matter or event being reflected in Exhibit A otherwise is authorized by this Agreement.
 
(b)          (i)           Each of the Limited Partners agree that the General Partner is authorized to execute, deliver and perform the above-mentioned agreements and transactions on behalf of the Partnership without any further act, approval or vote of the Partners, notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement to the fullest extent permitted under the Act or other applicable law, rule or regulation.
 
(ii)         The execution, delivery or performance by the General Partner or the Partnership of any agreement authorized or permitted under this Agreement shall not constitute a breach by the General Partner of any duty that the General Partner may owe the Partnership or the Limited Partners or any other Persons under this Agreement or of any duty stated or implied by law or equity.
 
(c)           At all times from and after the date hereof, the General Partner at the expense of the Partnership, may or may not, cause the Partnership to obtain and maintain:
 
(i)          casualty, liability and other insurance on the assets of the Partnership;
 
(ii)         liability insurance for the Indemnitees hereunder; and
 
(iii)        such other insurance as the General Partner, in its sole and absolute discretion, determines to be appropriate and reasonable.
 
(d)           At all times from and after the date hereof, the General Partner may cause the Partnership to establish and maintain at any and all times reserves, working capital accounts and other cash or similar balances in such amount as the General Partner, in its sole and absolute discretion, deems appropriate and reasonable from time to time.
 
(e)           (i)          In exercising its authority under this Agreement, the General Partner may, but shall be under no obligation to, take into account the tax consequences to any Partner (including the General Partner) of any action taken (or not taken) by it. The General Partner and the Partnership shall not have liability to any Limited Partner for monetary damages or otherwise for losses sustained, liabilities incurred or benefits not delivered by such Limited Partner in connection with such decisions, provided that the General Partner has acted in good faith pursuant to its authority under this Agreement. The Limited Partners expressly acknowledge that the General Partner is acting on behalf of the Partnership, the General Partner, and the General Partner’s Stockholders, collectively.
 
 
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(ii)            The General Partner and the Partnership shall not have liability to the any Limited Partner or the Special Limited Partner under any circumstances as a result of an income tax liability incurred by such Limited Partner or the Special Limited Partner as a result of an action (or inaction) by the General Partner taken pursuant to its authority under and in accordance with this Agreement.
 
(f)            Except as otherwise provided herein, to the extent the duties of the General Partner require expenditures of funds to be paid to third parties, the General Partner shall not have any obligations hereunder except to the extent that Partnership funds are reasonably available to it for the performance of such duties, and nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize or require the General Partner, in its capacity as such, to expend its individual funds for payment to third parties or to undertake any individual liability or obligation on behalf of the Partnership.
 
(g)            The General Partner may delegate any or all of its powers, rights and obligations hereunder, and may appoint, employ, contract or otherwise deal with any Person for the transaction of the business of the Partnership, which Person may, under supervision of the General Partner, perform any acts or services for the Partnership as the General Partner may approve.
 
7.2
Certificate of Limited Partnership
 
(a)            The General Partner has previously filed the Certificate with the Secretary of State of Delaware as required by the Act.
 
(b)            (i)           The General Partner shall use all reasonable efforts to cause to be filed such other certificates or documents as may be reasonable and necessary or appropriate for the formation, continuation, qualification and operation of a limited partnership (or a partnership in which the limited partners have limited liability) in the State of Delaware and any other state, or the District of Columbia, in which the Partnership may elect to do business or own property.
 
(ii)            To the extent that such action is determined by the General Partner to be reasonable and necessary or appropriate, the General Partner shall file amendments to and restatements of the Certificate and do all of the things to maintain the Partnership as a limited partnership (or a partnership in which the limited partners have limited liability) under the laws of the State of Delaware and each other state, or the District of Columbia, in which the Partnership may elect to do business or own property.
 
(iii)            The General Partner shall not be required, before or after filing, to deliver or mail a copy of the Certificate or any amendment thereto to any Limited Partner.
 
7.3
Reimbursement of the General Partner
 
(a)            Except as provided in this Section 7.3 and elsewhere in this Agreement (including the provisions of Articles 5 and 6 regarding distributions, payments, and allocations to which it may be entitled), the General Partner shall not be compensated for its services as general partner of the Partnership.
 
 
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(b)            (i)           The Partnership shall be responsible for and shall pay all Administrative Expenses and expenses relating to the Partnership’s ownership of its assets. The General Partner shall be reimbursed on a monthly basis, or such other basis as it may determine in its sole and absolute discretion, for all expenses that it incurs on behalf of the Partnership relating to the ownership and operation of the Partnership’s assets, or for the benefit of the Partnership, including all expenses associated with compliance by the General Partner and the Initial Limited Partner with laws, rules and regulations promulgated by any regulatory body, expenses related to the operations of the General Partner and to the management and administration of any Subsidiaries of the General Partner or the Partnership or Affiliates of the Partnership, such as auditing expenses and filing fees and any and all salaries, compensation and expenses of officers and employees of the General Partner, but excluding any portion of expenses reasonably attributable to assets not owned by or for the benefit of, or to operations not for the benefit of, the Partnership or Affiliates of the Partnership; provided , however , that the amount of any such reimbursement shall be reduced by any interest earned by the General Partner with respect to bank accounts or other instruments or accounts held by it in its name.
 
(ii)            Such reimbursement shall be in addition to any reimbursement made as a result of indemnification pursuant to Section 7.6 .
 
(iii)           The General Partner shall determine in good faith the amount of expenses incurred by it related to the ownership and operation of, or for the benefit of, the Partnership. If certain expenses are incurred for the benefit of the Partnership and other entities (including the General Partner), such expenses will be allocated to the Partnership and such other entities in such a manner as the General Partner in its reasonable discretion deems fair and reasonable. All payments and reimbursements hereunder shall be characterized for federal income tax purposes as expenses of the Partnership incurred on its behalf, and not as expenses of the General Partner.
 
(c)            (i)            Expenses incurred by the General Partner relating to the organization or reorganization of the Partnership and the General Partner the issuance of Common Stock in connection with, and as described in, the Registration Statement and any issuance of additional Partnership Interests, Common Stock or rights, options, warrants, or convertible, exercisable or exchangeable securities pursuant to Section 4.2 and all costs and expenses associated with the preparation and filing of any required filings or periodic reports by the General Partner under federal, state or local laws or regulations (including all costs, expenses, damages, and other payments resulting from or arising in connection with litigation related to any of the foregoing) are primarily obligations of the Partnership.
 
(ii)            To the extent the General Partner or its Affiliate pays or incurs such expenses, the General Partner or such Affiliate shall be reimbursed for such expenses.
 
 
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7.4
Outside Activities of the General Partner
 
(a)            Subject to Section 7.4(b) , the Articles of Incorporation and any agreements entered into by the General Partner or its Affiliates with the Partnership or a Subsidiary, any officer, director, employee, agent, Affiliate or Stockholder of the General Partner, the General Partner shall be entitled to and may have business interests and engage in business activities in addition to those relating to the Partnership, including business interests and activities substantially similar or identical to those of the Partnership. Neither the Partnership nor any of the Limited Partners shall have any rights by virtue of this Agreement in any such business ventures, interest or activities. None of the Limited Partners nor any other Person shall have any rights by virtue of this Agreement or the partnership relationship established hereby in any such business ventures, interests or activities, and the General Partner shall have no obligation pursuant to this Agreement to offer any interest in any such business ventures, interests and activities to the Partnership or any Limited Partner, even if such opportunity is of a character that, if presented to the Partnership or any Limited Partner, could be taken by such Person.
 
(b)            The General Partner agrees that, generally, all business activities of the General Partner, including activities pertaining to the acquisition, development, ownership of or investment in multifamily properties or other property, shall be conducted through the Partnership or one or more Subsidiary Partnerships; provided, however, that the General Partner may make direct acquisitions or undertake business activities if such acquisitions or activities are made in connection with the issuance of additional Securities by the General Partner or the business activity has been approved by a majority of the independent directors of the General Partner. If, at any time, the General Partner acquires material assets (other than Partnership Units or other assets on behalf of the Partnership), the definition of “Common Stock Amount” may be adjusted, as determined in good faith by the General Partner, to reflect only the fair market value of a share of Common Stock attributable to the General Partner’s Partnership Units and other assets held on behalf of the Partnership.
 
(c)            The General Partner and any Affiliates of the General Partner may acquire Limited Partner Interests and shall be entitled to exercise all rights of a Limited Partner relating to such Limited Partner Interests.
 
7.5
Contracts with Affiliates
 
(a)            (i)           The Partnership may lend or contribute funds or other assets to its Subsidiaries or other Persons in which it has an equity investment and such Subsidiaries and Persons may borrow funds from the Partnership, on terms and conditions established in the sole and absolute discretion of the General Partner.
 
(ii)           The foregoing authority shall not create any right or benefit in favor of any Subsidiary or any other Person.
 
(b)            Except as provided in Section 7.4 , the Partnership may Transfer assets to Entities in which it is or thereby becomes a participant upon such terms and subject to such conditions consistent with this Agreement and applicable law as the General Partner, in its sole and absolute discretion, may determine.
 
 
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(c)            Except as expressly permitted by this Agreement, neither the General Partner nor any of its Affiliates shall sell, Transfer or convey any property to, or purchase any property from, the Partnership, directly or indirectly, except pursuant to transactions that are determined by the General Partner in good faith to be fair and reasonable.
 
(d)            The General Partner, in its sole and absolute discretion and without the approval the Limited Partners, may propose and adopt, on behalf of the Partnership, employee benefit plans, stock option plans, and similar plans funded by the Partnership for the benefit of employees of the Partnership, the General Partner, any Subsidiaries of the Partnership or any Affiliate of any of them in respect of services performed, directly or indirectly, for the benefit of the Partnership, the General Partner, any Subsidiaries of the Partnership or any Affiliate of any of them.
 
(e)            The General Partner is expressly authorized to enter into, in the name and on behalf of the Partnership, a “right of first opportunity” or “right of first offer” arrangement, non-competition agreements and other conflict avoidance agreements with various Affiliates of the Partnership and the General Partner, on such terms as the General Partner, in its sole and absolute discretion, believes are advisable.
 
7.6
Indemnification
 
(a)            (i)           To the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law or as provided herein, the Partnership shall indemnify each Indemnitee from and against any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities, joint or several, expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and other legal fees and expenses), judgments, fines, settlements, and other amounts arising from any and all claims, demands, actions, suits or proceedings, civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (collectively, “ Claims ”), that relate to the operations of the Partnership or the General Partner as set forth in this Agreement, in which such Indemnitee may be involved, or is threatened to be involved, as a party or otherwise, so long as (A) the course of conduct which gave rise to the Claim was taken, in the reasonable determination of the Indemnitee made in good faith, in the best interests of the Partnership or the General Partner, (B) such Claim was not the result of gross negligence or willful misconduct by the Indemnitee, (C) the Indemnitee (if other than the General Partner) was acting on behalf or performing services for the Partnership, and (D) such indemnification is not satisfied or recoverable from the assets of the Stockholders of the General Partner. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Indemnitee (other than the General Partner) shall be indemnified for any Claim arising from or out of an alleged violation of federal or state securities laws unless (1) there has been a successful adjudication on the merits of each count involving alleged securities law violations as to such Indemnitee, (2) such allegations have been dismissed with prejudice on the merits by a court of competent jurisdiction as to such Indemnitee, or (3) a court of competent jurisdiction approves a settlement of such allegations against such Indemnitee and finds that indemnification of the settlement and the related costs should be made, and the court considering the request for indemnification has been advised of the position of the Securities and Exchange Commission and of the published position of any state securities regulatory authority in which the Common Stock was offered or sold as to indemnification for violations of securities law.
 
 
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(ii)            Without limitation, the foregoing indemnity shall extend to any liability of any Indemnitee, pursuant to a loan guaranty (except a guaranty by a Limited Partner of nonrecourse indebtedness of the Partnership or as otherwise provided in any such loan guaranty), contractual obligation for any indebtedness or other obligation or otherwise for any indebtedness of the Partnership or any Subsidiary of the Partnership (including any indebtedness which the Partnership or any Subsidiary of the Partnership has assumed or taken subject to), and the General Partner is hereby authorized and empowered, on behalf of the Partnership, to enter into one or more indemnity agreements consistent with the provisions of this Section 7.6 in favor of any Indemnitee having or potentially having liability for any such indebtedness.
 
(iii)            Any indemnification pursuant to this Section 7.6 shall be made only out of the assets of the Partnership, and neither the General Partner nor any Limited Partner shall have any obligation to contribute to the capital of the Partnership, or otherwise provide funds, to enable the Partnership to fund its obligations under this Section 7.6 .
 
(b)            Reasonable expenses incurred by an Indemnitee who is a party to a proceeding shall be paid or reimbursed by the Partnership in advance of the final disposition of any and all claims, demands, actions, suits or proceedings, civil, criminal, administrative or investigative made or threatened against an Indemnitee upon receipt by the Partnership of (i) a written affirmation by the Indemnitee of the Indemnitee’s good faith belief that the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification by the Partnership as authorized in this Section 7.6 has been met, and (ii) a written undertaking by or on behalf of the Indemnitee to repay the amount if it shall ultimately be determined that the standard of conduct has not been met.
 
(c)            The indemnification provided by this Section 7.6 shall be in addition to any other rights to which an Indemnitee or any other Person may be entitled under any agreement, pursuant to any vote of the Partners, as a matter of law or otherwise, and shall continue as to an Indemnitee who has ceased to serve in such capacity unless otherwise provided in a written agreement pursuant to which such Indemnities are indemnified.
 
(d)            The Partnership may, but shall not be obligated to, purchase and maintain insurance, on behalf of the Indemnities and such other Persons as the General Partner shall determine, against any liability that may be asserted against or expenses that may be incurred by such Person in connection with the Partnership’s activities, regardless of whether the Partnership would have the power to indemnify such Person against such liability under the provisions of this Agreement.
 
(e)            For purposes of this Section 7.6 , the Partnership shall be deemed to have requested an Indemnitee to serve as fiduciary of an employee benefit plan whenever the performance by such Indemnitee of its duties to the Partnership also imposes duties on, or otherwise involves services by, such Indemnitee to the plan or participants or beneficiaries of the plan; excise taxes assessed on an Indemnitee with respect to an employee benefit plan pursuant to applicable law shall constitute fines within the meaning of this Section 7.6 .  Actions taken or omitted by the Indemnitee with respect to an employee benefit plan in the performance of its duties for a purpose reasonably believed by it to be in the interest of the participants and beneficiaries of the plan shall be deemed to be for a purpose which is not opposed to the best interests of the Partnership.
 
 
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(f)             In no event may an Indemnitee subject any of the Partners (other than the General Partner) to personal liability by reason of the indemnification provisions set forth in this Agreement.
 
(g)            An Indemnitee shall not be denied indemnification in whole or in part under this Section 7.6 because the Indemnitee had an interest in the transaction with respect to which the indemnification applies if the transaction was otherwise permitted by the terms of this Agreement.
 
(h)           (i)          The provisions of this Section 7.6 are for the benefit of the Indemnitees, their heirs, successors, assigns and administrators and shall not be deemed to create any rights for the benefit of any other Persons.
 
(ii)         Any amendment, modification or repeal of this Section 7.6 or any provision hereof shall be prospective only and shall not in any way affect the Partnership’s liability to any Indemnitee under this Section 7.6 , as in effect immediately prior to such amendment, modification, or repeal with respect to claims arising from or relating to matters occurring, in whole or in part, prior to such amendment, modification or repeal, regardless of when such claims may arise or be asserted.
 
(i)            If and to the extent any payments to the General Partner pursuant to this Section 7.6 constitute gross income to the General Partner (as opposed to the repayment of advances made on behalf of the Partnership), such amounts shall constitute guaranteed payments within the meaning of Section 707(c) of the Code, shall be treated consistently therewith by the Partnership and all Partners, and shall not be treated as distributions for purposes of computing the Partners’ Capital Accounts.
 
(j)            Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the General Partner shall not be entitled to indemnification hereunder for any loss, claim, damage, liability or expense for which the General Partner is obligated to indemnify the Partnership under any other agreement between the General Partner and the Partnership.
 
7.7
Liability of the General Partner
 
(a)            Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in this Agreement, neither the General Partner nor the investment advisor of the General Partner, nor any of their respective officers and directors, shall be liable for monetary damages to the Partnership, any Partners or any Assignees for losses sustained or liabilities incurred as a result of errors in judgment or mistakes of fact or law or of any act or omission unless the General Partner or its investment advisor, as the case may be, acted in bad faith and the act or omission was material to the matter giving rise to the loss, liability or benefit not derived.
 
 
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(b)           (i)          The Limited Partners and the Special Limited Partner expressly acknowledge that the General Partner (and its investment advisor) is acting on behalf of the Partnership and the Stockholders of the General Partner collectively, that the General Partner (and its investment advisor), subject to the provisions of Section 7.1(e) , is under no obligation to consider the separate interest of the Limited Partners or the Special Limited Partner (including the tax consequences to any Limited Partner, the Special Limited Partner or any Assignee) in deciding whether to cause the Partnership to take (or decline to take) any actions, and that the General Partner (and its investment advisor) shall not be liable for monetary damages for losses sustained, liabilities incurred, or benefits not derived by Limited Partners or the Special Limited Partner in connection with such decisions; provided , however , that the General Partner (and its investment advisor) has acted in good faith.
 
(ii)         With respect to any indebtedness of the Partnership which any Limited Partner or the Special Limited Partner may have guaranteed, the General Partner (and its investment advisor) shall have no duty to keep such indebtedness outstanding.
 
(c)           (i)         Subject to its obligations and duties as General Partner set forth in Section 7.1(a) , the General Partner may exercise any of the powers granted to it by this Agreement and perform any of the duties imposed upon it hereunder either directly or by or through its agent, including its investment advisor.
 
(ii)         The General Partner shall not be responsible for any willful misconduct or gross negligence on the part of any such agent appointed by the General Partner in good faith.
 
(d)            The Limited Partners expressly acknowledge that if there is any conflict in the fiduciary duties owed by the General Partner to its Stockholders and by the General Partner, in its capacity as a general partner of the Partnership, to the Limited Partners or the Special Limited Partner, the General Partner may act in the best interests of the General Partner’s Stockholders without violating its fiduciary duties to the Limited Partners or the Special Limited Partner, and that the General Partner shall not be liable for monetary damages for losses sustained, liabilities incurred, or benefits not derived by the Limited Partners or the Special Limited Partner in connection with any such violation.
 
(e)            Any amendment, modification or repeal of this Section 7.7 or any provision hereof shall be prospective only and shall not in any way affect the limitations on the General Partner’s and its officers’ and directors’ liability to the Partnership, the Special Limited Partner and the Limited Partners under this Section 7.7 as in effect immediately prior to such amendment, modification or repeal with respect to claims arising from or relating to matters occurring, in whole or in part, prior to such amendment, modification or repeal, regardless of when such claims may arise or be asserted.
 
7.8
Other Matters Concerning the General Partner
 
(a)            The General Partner may rely and shall be protected in acting, or refraining from acting, upon any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, consent, order, bond, debenture, or other paper or document believed by it in good faith to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties.
 
 
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(b)            The General Partner may consult with legal counsel, accountants, appraisers, management consultants, investment bankers, architects, engineers, environmental consultants and other consultants and advisers selected by it, and any act taken or omitted to be taken in reliance upon the opinion of such Persons as to matters which such General Partner reasonably believes to be within such Person’s professional or expert competence shall be conclusively presumed to have been done or omitted in good faith and in accordance with such opinion.
 
(c)            (i)         The General Partner shall have the right, in respect of any of its powers or obligations hereunder, to act through any of its duly authorized officers and duly appointed attorneys-in-fact.
 
(ii)          Each such attorney shall, to the extent provided by the General Partner in the power of attorney, have full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and duty which is permitted or required to be done by the General Partner hereunder.
 
(d)            Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Agreement or the Act, any action of the General Partner on behalf of the Partnership or any decision of the General Partner to refrain from acting on behalf of the Partnership, undertaken in the good faith belief that such action or omission is necessary or advisable in order
 
(i)           to protect the ability of the General Partner to continue to qualify as a REIT, or
 
(ii)          to avoid the General Partner incurring any taxes under Section 857 or Section 4981 of the Code,
 
is expressly authorized under this Agreement and is deemed approved by all of the Limited Partners and the Special Limited Partner.
 
7.9
Title to Partnership Assets
 
(a)            Title to Partnership assets, whether real, personal or mixed and whether tangible or intangible, shall be deemed to be owned by the Partnership as an entity, and no Partner, individually or collectively, shall have any ownership interest in such Partnership assets or any portion thereof.
 
(b)            (i)          Title to any or all of the Partnership assets may be held in the name of the Partnership, the General Partner or one or more nominees, as the General Partner may determine, including Affiliates of the General Partner.
 
(ii)          The General Partner hereby declares and warrants that any Partnership asset for which legal title is held in the name of the General Partner or any nominee or Affiliate of the General Partner shall be held by the General Partner for the use and benefit of the Partnership in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement; provided , however , that the General Partner shall use its best efforts to cause beneficial and record title to such assets to be vested in the Partnership as soon as reasonably practicable.
 
(iii)         All Partnership assets shall be recorded as the property of the Partnership in its books and records, irrespective of the name in which legal title to such Partnership assets is held.
 
 
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7.10
Reliance by Third Parties
 
(a)           Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, any Person dealing with the Partnership shall be entitled to assume that the General Partner has full power and authority, without consent or approval of any other Partner or Person, to encumber, sell or otherwise use in any manner any and all assets of the Partnership and to enter into any contracts on behalf of the Partnership, and take any and all actions on behalf of the Partnership, and such Person shall be entitled to deal with the General Partner as if the General Partner were the Partnership’s sole party in interest, both legally and beneficially.
 
(b)           Each Limited Partner and the Special Limited Partner hereby waives any and all defenses or other remedies which may be available against such Person to contest, negate or disaffirm any action of the General Partner in connection with any such dealing.
 
(c)            In no event shall any Person dealing with the General Partner or its representatives be obligated to ascertain that the terms of this Agreement have been complied with or to inquire into the necessity or expediency of any act or action of the General Partner or its representatives.
 
(d)           Each and every certificate, document or other instrument executed on behalf of the Partnership by the General Partner or its representatives shall be conclusive evidence in favor of any and every Person relying thereon or claiming thereunder that
 
(i)          at the time of the execution and delivery of such certificate, document or instrument, this Agreement was in full force and effect;
 
(ii)         the Person executing and delivering such certificate, document or instrument was duly authorized and empowered to do so for and on behalf of the Partnership; and
 
(iii)        such certificate, document or instrument was duly executed and delivered in accordance with the terms and provisions of this Agreement and is binding upon the Partnership.
 
7.11
Loans By Third Parties
 
The Partnership may incur Debt, or enter into similar credit, guarantee, financing or refinancing arrangements for any purpose (including in connection with any acquisition of asset) with any Person upon such terms as the General Partner determines appropriate.
 
ARTICLE 8
RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF LIMITED PARTNERS
 
8.1
Limitation of Liability
 
No Limited Partner shall have any liability under this Agreement except as expressly provided in this Agreement, including Section 10.5 , or under the Act.
 
 
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8.2
Management of Business
 
(a)            No Limited Partner or Assignee (other than the General Partner, any of its Affiliates or any officer, director, employee, agent or trustee of the General Partner, the Partnership or any of their Affiliates, in their capacity as such) shall take part in the operation, management or control (within the meaning of the Act) of the Partnership’s business, transact any business in the Partnership’s name or have the power to sign documents for or otherwise bind the Partnership.
 
(b)            The transaction of any such business by the General Partner, any of its Affiliates or any officer, director, employee, partner, agent or trustee of the General Partner, the Partnership or any of their Affiliates, in their capacity as such, shall not affect, impair or eliminate the limitations on the liability of the Limited Partners or Assignees under this Agreement.
 
8.3
Outside Activities of Limited Partners
 
(a)            Subject to any agreements entered into pursuant to Section 7.5 and any other agreements entered into by the Special Limited Partner, a Limited Partner or any of their Affiliates with the Partnership or any of its Subsidiaries, and any Limited Partner and the Special Limited Partner and any officer, director, employee, agent, trustee, Affiliate or shareholder of any Limited Partner or the Special Limited Partner shall be entitled to and may have business interests and engage in business activities in addition to those relating to the Partnership, including business interests and activities that are in direct competition with the Partnership or that are enhanced by the activities of the Partnership.
 
(b)            Neither the Partnership nor any Partners shall have any rights by virtue of this Agreement in any business ventures of the Special Limited Partner, any Limited Partner or any Assignee.
 
(c)            No Limited Partner nor any other Person shall have any rights by virtue of this Agreement or the Partnership relationship established hereby in any business ventures of any other Person and such Person shall have no obligation pursuant to this Agreement to offer any interest in any such business ventures to the Partnership, any Limited Partner or any such other Person, even if such opportunity is of a character which, if presented to the Partnership, any Limited Partner or such other Person, could be taken by such Person.
 
8.4
Return of Capital
 
(a)            Except pursuant to the Exchange Rights Agreements, no Limited Partner shall be entitled to the withdrawal or return of its Capital Contribution, except to the extent of distributions made pursuant to this Agreement or upon termination of the Partnership as provided herein.
 
(b)            Except as provided in Articles 5 and 13 , no Limited Partner or Assignee shall have priority over any other Limited Partner or Assignee, either as to the return of Capital Contributions or as to profits, losses or distributions.
 
 
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8.5
Rights of Limited Partners Relating to the Partnership
 
(a)            In addition to the other rights provided by this Agreement or by the Act, and except as limited by Section 8.5(b) , each Limited Partner and the Special Limited Partner shall have the right, for a purpose reasonably related to such Person’s interest as a limited partner in the Partnership, upon written demand with a statement of the purpose of such demand and at such Person’s own expense (including such reasonable copying and administrative charges as the General Partner may establish from time to time):
 
(i)            to obtain a copy of the most recent annual and quarterly reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission by the General Partner pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
 
(ii)           to obtain a copy of the Partnership’s federal, state and local income tax returns for each Partnership Year.
 
(b)            Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 8.5 , the General Partner may keep confidential from the Limited Partners and the Special Limited Partner, for such period of time as the General Partner determines in its sole and absolute discretion to be reasonable, any information that:
 
(i)            the General Partner reasonably believes to be in the nature of trade secrets or other information, the disclosure of which the General Partner in good faith believes is not in the best interests of the Partnership or could damage the Partnership or its business; or
 
(ii)           the Partnership is required by law or by agreements with an unaffiliated third party to keep confidential.
 
8.6
Exchange Rights Agreements
 
(a)            The Limited Partners will be granted the right, but not the obligation, to exchange all or a portion of their Partnership Units for cash or, at the option of the Partnership, for shares of Common Stock on such terms and subject to such conditions and restrictions as will be contained in one or more exchange rights agreements among the General Partner, the Partnership and one or more Limited Partners (as amended from time to time, the “ Exchange Rights Agreements ”). The form of each Exchange Rights Agreement governing the exchange of Partnership Units shall hereafter be provided by the General Partner.
 
(b)            The Limited Partners and all successors, assignees and transferees (whether by operation of law, including by merger or consolidation, dissolution or liquidation of an entity that is a Limited Partner, or otherwise) shall be bound by the provisions of the Exchange Rights Agreement to which they are parties.
 
 
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ARTICLE 9
BOOKS, RECORDS, ACCOUNTING AND REPORTS
 
9.1
Records and Accounting
 
(a)            The General Partner shall keep or cause to be kept at the principal office of the Partnership those records and documents required to be maintained by the Act and other books and records deemed by the General Partner to be appropriate with respect to the Partnership’s business, including all books and records necessary for the General Partner to comply with applicable REIT Requirements and to provide to the Limited Partners and the Special Limited Partner any information, lists and copies of documents required to be provided pursuant to Sections 8.5(a) and 9.3 .
 
(b)            Any records maintained by or on behalf of the Partnership in the regular course of its business may be kept on, or be in the form of, punch cards, magnetic tape, photographs, micrographics or any other information storage device, provided that the records so maintained are convertible into clearly legible written form within a reasonable period of time.
 
(c)            The books of the Partnership shall be maintained, for financial and tax reporting purposes, on an accrual basis in accordance with GAAP, or such other basis as the General Partner determines to be necessary or appropriate.
 
9.2
Fiscal Year
 
The fiscal year of the Partnership shall be the calendar year.
 
9.3
Reports
 
(a)            As soon as practicable, but in no event later than the date on which the General Partner mails its annual report to its Stockholders, the General Partner shall cause to be mailed to each Limited Partner and the Special Limited Partner as of the close of the Partnership Year, an annual report containing financial statements of the Partnership, or of the General Partner, if such statements are prepared on a consolidated basis with the Partnership, for such Partnership Year, presented in accordance with the standards of the Public Accounting Oversight Board (United States), such statements to be audited by a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants selected by the General Partner in its sole discretion.
 
(b)            If and to the extent that the General Partner mails quarterly reports to its Stockholders, then as soon as practicable, but in no event later than the date such reports are mailed, the General Partner shall cause to be mailed to each Limited Partner and the Special Limited Partner a report containing unaudited financial statements as of the last day of the calendar quarter of the Partnership, or of the General Partner, if such statements are prepared on a consolidated basis with the Partnership, and such other information as may be required by applicable law or regulation, or as the General Partner determines to be appropriate.
 
(c)            Notwithstanding the foregoing, the General Partner may deliver to the Limited Partners and the Special Limited Partner each of the reports described above, as well as any other communications that it may provide hereunder, by E-mail or by any other electronic means.
 
 
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ARTICLE 10
TAX MATTERS
 
10.1
Preparation of Tax Returns
 
(a)            The General Partner shall arrange for the preparation and timely filing of all returns of Partnership income, gains, deductions, losses and other items required of the Partnership for federal and state income tax purposes and shall use all reasonable efforts to furnish, within 90 days of the close of each taxable year, the tax information reasonably required by the Limited Partners and the Special Limited Partner for federal and state income tax reporting purposes.  The federal income tax return of the Partnership shall be filed annually on IRS Form 1065 (or such other successor form) or on any other IRS form as may be required.
 
(b)            If required under the Code or applicable state or local income tax law, the General Partner shall also arrange for the preparation and timely filing of all returns of income, gains, deductions, losses and other items required of any Subsidiaries of the Partnership for federal and state income tax purposes and shall use all reasonable efforts to furnish, within 90 days of the close of each taxable year, the tax information reasonably required by the Limited Partners and the Special Limited Partner for federal and state income tax reporting purposes.
 
10.2
Tax Elections
 
(a)            Except as otherwise provided herein, the General Partner shall, in its sole and absolute discretion, determine whether to make any available election pursuant to the Code.
 
(b)            The General Partner shall elect a permissible method (which need not be the same method for each item or property) of eliminating the disparity between the book value and the tax basis for each item of property contributed to the Partnership or to a Subsidiary of the Partnership pursuant to the regulations promulgated under the provisions of Section 704(c) of the Code.
 
(c)            The General Partner shall have the right to seek to revoke any tax election it makes, including the election under Section 754 of the Code, upon the General Partner’s determination, in its sole and absolute discretion, that such revocation is in the best interests of the Partners.
 
10.3
Tax Matters Partner
 
(a)            (i)          The General Partner shall be the “tax matters partner” of the Partnership for federal income tax purposes.
 
(ii)           Pursuant to Section 6230(e) of the Code, upon receipt of notice from the Internal Revenue Service of the beginning of an administrative proceeding with respect to the Partnership, the tax matters partner shall furnish the Internal Revenue Service with the name, address, taxpayer identification number, and profit interest of each of the Limited Partners, the Special Limited Partner and the Assignees; provided , however , that such information is provided to the Partnership by the Limited Partners, the Special Limited Partner and the Assignees.
 
 
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(iii)          The tax matters partner is authorized, but not required:
 
(A)            to enter into any settlement with the Internal Revenue Service with respect to any administrative or judicial proceedings for the adjustment of Partnership items required to be taken into account by a Partner (including the Special Limited Partner) for income tax purposes (such administrative proceedings being referred to as a “tax audit” and such judicial proceedings being referred to as “judicial review”), and in the settlement agreement the tax matters partner may expressly state that such agreement shall bind all Partners (including the Special Limited Partner), except that such settlement agreement shall not bind any Partner or the Special Limited Partner
 
(1)            who (within the time prescribed pursuant to the Code and Regulations) files a statement with the Internal Revenue Service providing that the tax matters partner shall not have the authority to enter into a settlement agreement on behalf of such Partner or the Special Limited Partner; or
 
(2)            who is a “notice partner” (as defined in Section 6231(a)(8) of the Code) or a member of a “notice group” (as defined in Section 6223(b)(2) of the Code);
 
(B)            if a notice of a final administrative adjustment at the Partnership level of any item required to be taken into account by a Partner or the Special Limited Partner for tax purposes (a “final adjustment”) is mailed to the tax matters partner, to seek judicial review of such final adjustment, including the filing of a petition for readjustment with the Tax Court or the filing of a complaint for refund with the United States Claims Court or the District Court of the United States for the district in which the Partnership’s principal place of business is located;
 
(C)            to intervene in any action brought by any other Partner or the Special Limited Partner for judicial review of a final adjustment;
 
(D)            to file a request for an administrative adjustment with the Internal Revenue Service and, if any part of such request is not allowed by the Internal Revenue Service, to file an appropriate pleading (petition or complaint) for judicial review with respect to such request;
 
(E)            to enter into an agreement with the Internal Revenue Service to extend the period for assessing any tax which is attributable to any item required to be taken account of by a Partner or the Special Limited Partner for tax purposes, or an item affected by such item; and
 
(F)            to take any other action on behalf of the Partners, the Special Limited Partner or the Partnership in connection with any tax audit or judicial review proceeding to the extent permitted by applicable law or regulations.
 
 
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The taking of any action and the incurring of any expense by the tax matters partner in connection with any such proceeding, except to the extent required by law, is a matter in the sole and absolute discretion of the tax matters partner and the provisions relating to indemnification of the General Partner set forth in Section 7.6 of this Agreement shall be fully applicable to the tax matters partner in its capacity as such.
 
(b)           (i)           The tax matters partner shall receive no compensation for its services.
 
(ii)          All third party costs and expenses incurred by the tax matters partner in performing its duties as such (including legal and accounting fees and expenses) shall be borne by the Partnership.
 
(iii)         Nothing herein shall be construed to restrict the Partnership from engaging an accounting firm to assist the tax matters partner in discharging its duties hereunder, so long as the compensation paid by the Partnership for such services is reasonable.
 
10.4
Organizational Expenses
 
The Partnership shall elect to deduct expenses, if any, incurred by it in organizing the Partnership ratably over a 180-month period as provided in Section 709 of the Code.
 
10.5
Withholding
 
(a)            Each Limited Partner and the Special Limited Partner hereby authorizes the Partnership to withhold from, or pay on behalf of or with respect to, such Limited Partner or the Special Limited Partner any amount of federal, state, local, or foreign taxes that the General Partner determines that the Partnership is required to withhold or pay with respect to any amount distributable or allocable to such Limited Partner or the Special Limited Partner pursuant to this Agreement, including any taxes required to be withheld or paid by the Partnership pursuant to Sections 1441, 1442, 1445, or 1446 of the Code.
 
(b)           (i)          Any amount paid on behalf of or with respect to a Limited Partner or the Special Limited Partner shall constitute a loan by the Partnership to such Limited Partner or the Special Limited Partner, which loan shall be repaid by such Limited Partner or the Special Limited Partner as the case may be within 15 days after notice from the General Partner that such payment must be made unless:
 
(A)            the Partnership withholds such payment from a distribution which would otherwise be made to the Limited Partner or the Special Limited Partner; or
 
(B)            the General Partner determines, in its sole and absolute discretion, that such payment may be satisfied out of the available funds of the Partnership which would, but for such payment, be distributed to the Limited Partner or the Special Limited Partner.
 
(ii)            Any amounts withheld pursuant to the foregoing clauses (i)(A) or (B) shall be treated as having been distributed to the Limited Partner or the Special Limited Partner.
 
 
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(c)        (i)           Each Limited Partner and the Special Limited Partner hereby unconditionally and irrevocably grants to the Partnership a security interest in such Limited Partner’s Partnership Interest and such Special Limited Partner’s Special Limited Partner Interest, as the case may be, to secure such Limited Partner’s or Special Limited Partner’s obligation to pay to the Partnership any amounts required to be paid pursuant to this Section 10.5 .
 
(ii)           (A)           If a Limited Partner or the Special Limited Partner fails to pay when due any amounts owed to the Partnership pursuant to this Section 10.5 , the General Partner may, in its sole and absolute discretion, elect to make the payment to the Partnership on behalf of such defaulting Limited Partner or Special Limited Partner, and in such event shall be deemed to have loaned such amount to such defaulting Limited Partner or Special Limited Partner and shall succeed to all rights and remedies of the Partnership as against such defaulting Limited Partner or Special Limited Partner.
 
(B)            Without limitation, in such event, the General Partner shall have the right to receive distributions that would otherwise be distributable to such defaulting Limited Partner or Special Limited Partner until such time as such loan, together with all interest thereon, has been paid in full, and any such distributions so received by the General Partner shall be treated as having been distributed to the defaulting Limited Partner or Special Limited Partner and immediately paid by the defaulting Limited Partner or Special Limited Partner to the General Partner in repayment of such loan.
 
(iii)           Any amount payable by a Limited Partner or the Special Limited Partner hereunder shall bear interest at the highest base or prime rate of interest published from time to time by The Wall Street Journal, plus four percentage points, but in no event higher than the maximum lawful rate of interest on such obligation, such interest to accrue from the date such amount is due ( i.e. , 15 days after demand) until such amount is paid in full.
 
(iv)           Each Limited Partner and the Special Limited Partner shall take such actions as the Partnership or the General Partner shall request in order to perfect or enforce the security interest created hereunder.
 
ARTICLE 11
TRANSFERS AND WITHDRAWALS
 
11.1
Transfer
 
(a)           (i)           The term “Transfer,” when used in this Article 11 with respect to a Partnership Interest or a Partnership Unit, shall be deemed to refer to a transaction by which the General Partner purports to assign all or any part of its General Partner Interest to another Person, or a Limited Partner purports to assign all or any part of its Limited Partner Interest to another Person, and includes a sale, assignment, gift, pledge, encumbrance, hypothecation, mortgage, exchange or any other disposition by law or otherwise.
 
 
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(ii)            The term “Transfer” when used in this Article 11 does not include any exchange of Partnership Units for cash or Common Stock pursuant to the Exchange Rights Agreement.
 
(b)           (i)            No Partnership Interest shall be Transferred, in whole or in part, except in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth in this Article 11 .
 
(ii)            Any Transfer or purported Transfer of a Partnership Interest not made in accordance with this Article 11 shall be null and void.
 
11.2
Transfer of the General Partner’s General Partner Interest
 
(a)            The General Partner may not Transfer any of its General Partner Interest or withdraw as General Partner, or Transfer any of its Limited Partner Interest, except:
 
(i)             if holders of at least two-thirds of the Limited Partner Interests consent to such Transfer or withdrawal;
 
(ii)            if such Transfer is to an entity which is wholly owned by the General Partner and is a Qualified REIT Subsidiary as defined in Section 856(i) of the Code; or
 
(iii)           in connection with a transaction described in Section 11.2(c) or 11.2(d) (as applicable)
 
For purposes of clarification, the restriction on the Transfer by the General Partner of any its Limited Partner Interest shall not apply to any Transfer by the Special Limited Partner of its Limited Partner Interest, which shall be otherwise subject to the restrictions on Transfer under Section 11.3 .
 
(b)            If the General Partner withdraws as general partner of the Partnership in accordance with Section 11.2(a) , the General Partner’s General Partner Interest shall immediately be converted into a Limited Partner Interest.
 
(c)            Except as otherwise provided in Section 11.2(d) , the General Partner shall not engage in any merger, consolidation or other combination of the General Partner with or into another Person (other than a merger in which the General Partner is the surviving entity) or sale of all or substantially all of its assets, or any reclassification, or any recapitalization of outstanding Common Stock (other than a change in par value, or from par value to no par value, or as a result of a subdivision or combination of Common Stock) (a “ Transaction ”), unless
 
(i)            in connection with the Transaction all Limited Partners will either receive, or will have the right to elect to receive, for each Partnership Unit an amount of cash, securities, or other property equal to the product of the Exchange Factor and the amount of cash, securities or other property or value paid in the Transaction to or received by a holder of one share of Common Stock corresponding to such Partnership Unit in consideration of one share of Common Stock at any time during the period from and after the date on which the Transaction is consummated; provided , however , that if, in connection with the Transaction, a purchase, tender or exchange offer (“ Offer ”) shall have been made to and accepted by the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding Common Stock, each holder of Partnership Units shall be given the option to exchange its Partnership Units for the amount of cash, securities, or other property which a Limited Partner would have received had it
 
 
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(A)            exercised its Exchange Right and
 
(B)            sold, tendered or exchanged pursuant to the Offer the Common Stock received upon exercise of the Exchange Right immediately prior to the expiration of the Offer.
 
The foregoing is not intended to, and does not, affect the ability of (i) a Stockholder of the General Partner to sell its Common Stock in the General Partner or (ii) the General Partner to perform its obligations (under agreement or otherwise) to such Stockholders (including the fulfillment of any obligations with respect to registering the sale of Common Stock under applicable securities laws).
 
(d)            (i)           Notwithstanding Section 11.2(c) , the General Partner may merge into or consolidate with another entity if immediately after such merger or consolidation
 
(A)            substantially all of the assets of the successor or surviving entity (the “ Surviving General Partner ”), other than Partnership Units held by the General Partner, are contributed to the Partnership as a Capital Contribution in exchange for Partnership Units with a fair market value equal to the value of the assets so contributed as determined by the Surviving General Partner in good faith and
 
(B)            the Surviving General Partner expressly agrees to assume all obligations of the General Partner hereunder.
 
(ii)           (A)           Upon such contribution and assumption, the Surviving General Partner shall have the right and duty to amend this Agreement and the Exchange Rights Agreement as set forth in this Section 11.2(d) .
 
(B)            (1)           The Surviving General Partner shall in good faith arrive at a new method for the calculation of the Exchange Factor for a Partnership Unit after any such merger or consolidation so as to approximate the existing method for such calculation as closely as reasonably possible.
 
  (2)            Such calculation shall take into account, among other things, the kind and amount of securities, cash and other property that was receivable upon such merger or consolidation by a holder of Common Stock or options, warrants or other rights relating thereto, and which a holder of Partnership Units could have acquired had such Partnership Units been redeemed for Common Stock immediately prior to such merger or consolidation.

 
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(C)            Such amendment to this Agreement shall provide for adjustment to such method of calculation, which shall be as nearly equivalent as may be practicable to the adjustments provided for with respect to the Exchange Factor.
 
(iii)            The above provisions of this Section 11.2(d) shall similarly apply to successive mergers or consolidations permitted hereunder.
 
11.3
Limited Partners’ Rights to Transfer
 
(a)            Subject to the provisions of Sections 11.3(c) , 11.3(d) , 11.3(e) , 11.4 and 11.6 , a Limited Partner may, without the consent of the General Partner, Transfer all or any portion of its Limited Partner Interest, or any of such Limited Partner’s economic right as a Limited Partner. In order to effect such transfer, the Limited Partner must deliver to the General Partner a duly executed copy of the instrument making such transfer and such instrument must evidence the written acceptance by the assignee of all of the terms and conditions of this Agreement and represent that such assignment was made in accordance with all applicable laws and regulations.
 
(b)            (i)           If a Limited Partner is Incapacitated, the executor, administrator, trustee, committee, guardian, conservator or receiver of such Limited Partner’s estate shall have all of the rights of a Limited Partner, but not more rights than those enjoyed by other Limited Partners, for the purpose of settling or managing the estate and such power as the Incapacitated Limited Partner possessed to Transfer all or any part of his or its interest in the Partnership.
 
(ii)            The Incapacity of a Limited Partner, in and of itself, shall not dissolve or terminate the Partnership.
 
(c)            The General Partner may prohibit any Transfer by a Limited Partner of its Partnership Units, in its sole and absolute discretion, if it reasonably believes (based on the advice of counsel) such Transfer would require filing of a registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or would otherwise violate any federal or state securities laws or regulations applicable to the Partnership or the Partnership Units.
 
(d)            No Transfer by a Limited Partner of its Partnership Units may be made to any Person if
 
(i)            it would adversely affect the ability of the General Partner to continue to qualify as a REIT or would subject the General Partner to any additional taxes under Section 857 or Section 4981 of the Code;
 
(ii)            it would result in the Partnership being treated as an association taxable as a corporation for federal income tax purposes;
 
(iii)           such Transfer would cause the Partnership to become, with respect to any employee benefit plan subject to Title I of ERISA, a “party-in-interest” (as defined in Section 3(14) of ERISA) or a “disqualified person” (as defined in Section 4975(c) of the Code);
 
 
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(iv)           such Transfer would, in the opinion of legal counsel for the Partnership, cause any portion of the assets of the Partnership to constitute assets of any employee benefit plan pursuant to Department of Labor Regulations Section 2510.3-101, as modified or deemed to be modified by Section 3(42) of ERISA;
 
(v)            such Transfer would subject the Partnership to regulation under the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Investment Advisors Act of 1940 or the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, each as amended;
 
(vi)           such Transfer is a sale or exchange, and such sale or exchange would, when aggregated with all other sales and exchanges during the 12-month period ending on the date of the proposed Transfer, result in 50% or more of the interests in Partnership capital and profits being sold or exchanged during such 12-month period without the consent of the General Partner, which consent may be withheld in its sole and absolute discretion; or
 
(vii)          such Transfer is effectuated through an “established securities market” or a “secondary market” (or the substantial equivalent thereof) within the meaning of Section 7704 of the Code.
 
(e)            No transfer of any Partnership Units may be made to a lender to the Partnership or any Person who is related (within the meaning of Section 1.752-4(b) of the Regulations) to any lender to the Partnership whose loan constitutes a nonrecourse liability (within the meaning of Section 1.752-1(a)(2) of the Regulations), without the consent of the General Partner, which may be withheld in its sole and absolute discretion; provided , however , that as a condition to such consent the lender will be required to enter into an arrangement with the Partnership and the General Partner to exchange for the Cash Amount any Partnership Units in which a security interest is held simultaneously with the time at which such lender would be deemed to be a partner in the Partnership for purposes of allocating liabilities to such lender under Section 752 of the Code.
 
(f)            Any Transfer in contravention of any of the provisions of this Section 11.3 shall be void and ineffectual and shall not be binding upon, or recognized by, the Partnership.
 
11.4
Substituted Limited Partners
 
(a)            (i)            No Limited Partner shall have the right to substitute a Permitted Transferee for a Limited Partner in its place.
 
(ii)            The General Partner shall, however, have the right to consent to the admission of a Permitted Transferee of the Partnership Interest of a Limited Partner pursuant to this Section 11.4 as a Substituted Limited Partner, which consent may be given or withheld by the General Partner in its sole and absolute discretion.
 
(iii)           The General Partner’s failure or refusal to permit such transferee to become a Substituted Limited Partner shall not give rise to any cause of action against the Partnership or any Partner.

 
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(b)           A transferee who has been admitted as a Substituted Limited Partner in accordance with this Article 11 shall have all the rights and powers and be subject to all the restrictions and liabilities of a Limited Partner under this Agreement.
 
(c)            (i)            No Permitted Transferee will be admitted as a Substituted Limited Partner, unless such transferee has furnished to the General Partner evidence of acceptance in form satisfactory to the General Partner of all of the terms and conditions of this Agreement and, as it relates to the Substituted Limited Partners, the Exchange Rights Agreement, including the power of attorney granted in Section 2.4 .
 
(ii)            Upon the admission of a Substituted Limited Partner, the General Partner shall amend Exhibit A to reflect the name, address, number of Partnership Units, and Percentage Interest of such Substituted Limited Partner, and to eliminate or adjust, if necessary, the name, address and interest of the predecessor of such Substituted Limited Partner.
 
11.5
Assignees
 
(a)            If the General Partner, in its sole and absolute discretion, does not consent to the admission of any transferee as a Substituted Limited Partner, as described in Section 11.4(a) , such transferee shall be considered an Assignee for purposes of this Agreement.
 
(b)            An Assignee shall be deemed to have had assigned to it, and shall be entitled to receive distributions from the Partnership and the share of Net Income, Net Losses and any other items of gain, loss, deduction or credit of the Partnership attributable to the Partnership Units assigned to such transferee, but shall not be deemed to be a holder of Partnership Units for any other purpose under this Agreement, and shall not be entitled to vote such Partnership Units in any matter presented to the Limited Partners, for a vote (such Partnership Units being deemed to have been voted on such matter in the same proportion as all other Partnership Units held by Limited Partners are voted).
 
(c)            If any such transferee desires to make a further assignment of any such Partnership Units, such transferee shall be subject to all of the provisions of this Article 11 to the same extent and in the same manner as any Limited Partner desiring to make an assignment of Partnership Units.
 
11.6
General Provisions
 
(a)            No Limited Partner may withdraw from the Partnership other than as a result of a permitted Transfer of all of such Limited Partner’s Partnership Units in accordance with this Article 11 or, as it relates to the Limited Partners, pursuant to exchange of all of its Partnership Units pursuant to the applicable Exchange Rights Agreement.
 
(b)            (i)           Any Limited Partner which shall Transfer all of its Partnership Units in a Transfer permitted pursuant to this Article 11 shall cease to be a Limited Partner upon the admission of all Assignees of such Partnership Units as Substituted Limited Partners.

 
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(ii)            Similarly, any Limited Partner which shall Transfer all of its Partnership Units pursuant to an exchange of all of its Partnership Units pursuant to an Exchange Rights Agreement shall cease to be a Limited Partner.
 
(c)            Other than pursuant to the Exchange Rights Agreement or with the consent of the General Partner, transfers pursuant to this Article 11 may only be made as of the first day of a fiscal quarter of the Partnership.
 
(d)            (i)            If any Partnership Interest is transferred or assigned during the Partnership’s fiscal year in compliance with the provisions of this Article 11 or exchanged pursuant to the applicable Exchange Rights Agreement on any day other than the first day of a Partnership Year, then Net Income, Net Losses, each item thereof and all other items attributable to such interest for such Partnership Year shall be divided and allocated between the transferor Partner and the transferee Partner by taking into account their varying interests during the Partnership Year in accordance with Section 706(d) of the Code, using the interim closing of the books method.
 
(ii)            Solely for purposes of making such allocations, each of such items for the calendar month in which the Transfer or assignment occurs shall be allocated to the transferee Partner, and none of such items for the calendar month in which an exchange occurs shall be allocated to the exchanging Partner, provided , however , that the General Partner may adopt such other conventions relating to allocations in connection with transfers, assignments, or exchanges as it determines are necessary or appropriate.
 
(iii)           All distributions pursuant to Section 5.1(a) attributable to Partnership Units, with respect to which the Partnership Record Date is before the date of such Transfer, assignment, or exchange of such Partnership Units, shall be made to the transferor Partner or the exchanging Partner, as the case may be, and in the case of a Transfer or assignment other than an exchange, all distributions pursuant to Section 5.1(a) thereafter attributable to such Partnership Units shall be made to the transferee Partner.
 
 
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(e)            In addition to any other restrictions on transfer herein contained, including the provisions of this Article 11 , in no event may any Transfer or assignment of a Partnership Interest by any Partner (including pursuant to Section 8.6 ) be made without the express consent of the General Partner, in its sole and absolute discretion, (i) to any person or entity who lacks the legal right, power or capacity to own a Partnership Interest; (ii) in violation of applicable law; (iii) of any component portion of a Partnership Interest, such as the Capital Account, or rights to distributions, separate and apart from all other components of a Partnership Interest; (iv) if in the opinion of legal counsel to the Partnership such transfer would cause a termination of the Partnership for federal or state income tax purposes (except as a result of the exchange for Common Stock of all Partnership Units held by all Limited Partners or pursuant to a transaction expressly permitted under Section 7.11 or Section 11.2 ); (v) if in the opinion of counsel to the Partnership, there would be a significant risk that such transfer would cause the Partnership to cease to be classified as a partnership for federal income tax purposes (except as a result of the exchange for Common Stock of all Partnership Units held by all Limited Partners or pursuant to a transaction expressly permitted under Section 7.11 or Section 11.2 ); (vi) if such transfer requires the registration of such Partnership Interest pursuant to any applicable federal or state securities laws; (vii) if such transfer is effectuated through an “established securities market” or a “secondary market” (or the substantial equivalent thereof) within the meaning of Section 7704 of the Code or such transfer causes the Partnership to become a “publicly traded partnership,” as such term is defined in Section 469(k)(2) or Section 7704(b) of the Code ( provided , however , that this clause (vii) shall not be the basis for limiting or restricting in any manner the exercise of the Exchange Right under Section 8.6 unless, and only to the extent that, outside tax counsel provides to the General Partner an opinion to the effect that, in the absence of such limitation or restriction, there is a significant risk that the Partnership will be treated as a “publicly traded partnership” and, by reason thereof, taxable as a corporation); (viii) such transfer could adversely affect the ability of the General Partner to remain qualified as a REIT; or (ix) if in the opinion of legal counsel of the transferring Partner (which opinion and counsel are reasonably satisfactory to the Partnership), or legal counsel of the Partnership, such transfer would adversely affect the ability of the General Partner to continue to qualify as a REIT or subject the General Partner to any additional taxes under Section 857 or Section 4981 of the Code, if the General Partner has elected to be qualified as a REIT.
 
(f)            The General Partner shall monitor the transfers of interests in the Partnership to determine (i) if such interests are being traded on an “established securities market” or a “secondary market” (or the substantial equivalent thereof) within the meaning of Section 7704 of the Code, and (ii) whether additional transfers of interests would result in the Partnership being unable to qualify for at least one of the “safe harbors” set forth in Section 1.7704-1 of the Regulations (or such other guidance subsequently published by the IRS setting forth safe harbors under which interests will not be treated as “readily tradable on a secondary market” (or the substantial equivalent thereof) within the meaning of Section 7704 of the Code) (the “ Safe Harbors ”). The General Partner shall take all steps reasonably necessary or appropriate to prevent any trading of interests or any recognition by the Partnership of transfers made on such markets and, except as otherwise provided herein, to insure that at least one of the Safe Harbors is met; provided , however , that the foregoing shall not authorize the General Partner to limit or restrict in any manner the right of any holder of a Partnership Unit to exercise the Exchange Right in accordance with the terms of the applicable Exchange Rights Agreement unless, and only to the extent that, outside tax counsel provides to the General Partner an opinion to the effect that, in the absence of such limitation or restriction, there is a significant risk that the Partnership will be treated as a “publicly traded partnership” and, by reason thereof, taxable as a corporation.
 
ARTICLE 12
ADMISSION OF PARTNERS
 
12.1
Admission of Successor General Partner
 
(a)            (i)           A successor to all of the General Partner Interest pursuant to Article 11 who is proposed to be admitted as a successor General Partner shall be admitted to the Partnership as the General Partner, effective immediately following such transfer and the admission of such successor General Partner as a general partner of the Partnership upon the satisfaction of the terms and conditions set forth in Section 12.1(b) .

 
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(ii)            Any such transferee shall carry on the business of the Partnership without dissolution.
 
(b)            A Person shall be admitted as a substitute or successor General Partner of the Partnership only if the following terms and conditions are satisfied:
 
(i)            the Person to be admitted as a substitute or additional General Partner shall have accepted and agreed to be bound by all the terms and provisions of this Agreement by executing a counterpart thereof and such other documents or instruments as may be required or appropriate in order to effect the admission of such Person as a General Partner;
 
(ii)            if the Person to be admitted as a substitute or additional General Partner is a corporation or a partnership it shall have provided the Partnership with evidence satisfactory to counsel for the Partnership of such Person’s authority to become a General Partner and to be bound by the terms and provisions of this Agreement; and
 
(iii)           counsel for the Partnership shall have rendered an opinion (relying on such opinions from other counsel as may be necessary) that the admission of the person to be admitted as a substitute or additional General Partner is in conformity with the Act, that none of the actions taken in connection with the admission of such Person as a substitute or additional General Partner will cause
 
(A)            the Partnership to be classified other than as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, or
 
(B)            the loss of any Limited Partner’s limited liability.
 
(c)            In the case of such admission on any day other than the first day of a Partnership Year, all items attributable to the General Partner Interest for such Partnership Year shall be allocated between the transferring General Partner and such successor as provided in Section 11.6(d) .
 
12.2
Admission of Additional Limited Partners
 
(a)            A Person who makes a Capital Contribution to the Partnership in accordance with this Agreement shall be admitted to the Partnership as an Additional Limited Partner only upon furnishing to the General Partner
 
(i)            evidence of acceptance in form satisfactory to the General Partner of all of the terms and conditions of this Agreement and the applicable Exchange Rights Agreement, including the power of attorney granted in Section 2.4 , and
 
(ii)            such other documents or instruments as may be required in the discretion of the General Partner in order to effect such Person’s admission as an Additional Limited Partner.

 
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(b)            (i)            Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 12.2 , no Person shall be admitted as an Additional Limited Partner without the consent of the General Partner, which consent may be given or withheld in the General Partner’s sole and absolute discretion.
 
(ii)            The admission of any Person as an Additional Limited Partner shall become effective on the date upon which the name of such Person is recorded on the books and records of the Partnership, following the consent of the General Partner to such admission.
 
(c)            (i)            If any Additional Limited Partner is admitted to the Partnership on any day other than the first day of a Partnership Year, then Net Income, Net Losses, each item thereof and all other items allocable among Partners and Assignees for such Partnership Year shall be allocated among such Additional Limited Partner and all other Partners and Assignees by taking into account their varying interests during the Partnership Year in accordance with Section 706(d) of the Code, using the interim closing of the books method.
 
(ii)            (A)           Solely for purposes of making such allocations, each of such items for the calendar month in which an admission of any Additional Limited Partner occurs shall be allocated among all of the Partners and Assignees, including such Additional Limited Partner.
 
(B)            distributions pursuant to Section 5.1(a) with respect to which the Partnership Record Date is before the date of such admission shall be made solely to Partners and Assignees, other than the Additional Limited Partner, and all distributions pursuant to Section 5.1(a) thereafter shall be made to all of the Partners and Assignees, including such Additional Limited Partner.
 
(d)            Upon the admission of the first Additional Limited Partner to the Partnership, the Initial Limited Partner’s original interest in the Partnership shall automatically, and without further action on the part of the Initial Limited Partner or the Partnership, be withdrawn and the Initial Limited Partner shall no longer be a Limited Partner for purposes of this Agreement, but, for the avoidance of doubt, it shall continue to be the Special Limited Partner.
 
12.3
Amendment of Agreement and Certificate of Limited Partnership
 
For the admission to the Partnership of any Partner, the General Partner shall take all steps necessary and appropriate under the Act to amend the records of the Partnership and, if necessary, to prepare as soon as practical an amendment of this Agreement (including an amendment of Exhibit A ) and, if required by law, shall prepare and file an amendment to the Certificate and may for this purpose exercise the power of attorney granted pursuant to Section 2.4 .

 
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ARTICLE 13
DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION AND TERMINATION
 
13.1
Dissolution
 
(a)            The Partnership shall not be dissolved by the admission of Substituted Limited Partners, Additional Limited Partners or by the admission of a successor General Partner in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. Upon the withdrawal of the General Partner, any successor General Partner shall continue the business of the Partnership.
 
(b)            The Partnership shall dissolve, and its affairs shall be wound up, only upon the first to occur of any of the following (each, a “ Liquidating Event ”):
 
(i)             the expiration of its term as provided in Section 2.5 ;
 
(ii)           an event of withdrawal of the General Partner, in its capacity as general partner, as defined in the Act (other than an event of bankruptcy), unless, within 90 days after such event of withdrawal, a “majority in interest” (as defined below) of the remaining Partners Consent in writing to continue the business of the Partnership and to the appointment, effective as of the date of withdrawal, of a successor General Partner;
 
(iii)          an election to dissolve the Partnership made by the General Partner, with the Consent of the Limited Partners holding at least a majority of the Percentage Interest of the Limited Partners (including Limited Partner Interests held by the General Partner);
 
(iv)          entry of a decree of judicial dissolution of the Partnership pursuant to the provisions of the Act;
 
(v)           a final and non-appealable judgment is entered by a court of competent jurisdiction ruling that the General Partner is bankrupt or insolvent, or a final and non-appealable order for relief is entered by a court with appropriate jurisdiction against the General Partner, in each case under any federal or state bankruptcy or insolvency laws as now or hereafter in effect, unless prior to the entry of such order or judgment and a “majority in interest” (as defined below) of the remaining Partners Consent in writing to continue the business of the Partnership and to the appointment, effective as of a date prior to the date of such order or judgment, of a substitute General Partner;
 
(vi)          the passage of 90 days after a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets or properties of the Partnership or a related series of transactions that, taken together, result in the sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets and properties of the Partnership; provided , however , that if the Partnership receives an installment obligation as consideration for such sale or other disposition, the Partnership shall continue, unless sooner dissolved, under the provisions of this Agreement, until such time as such installment obligations are paid in full.
 
As used herein, a “majority in interest” shall refer to Partners (excluding the General Partner) who hold more than 66 2/3% of the outstanding Percentage Interests not held by the General Partner.
 
 
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13.2
Winding Up
 
(a)            (i)            Upon the occurrence of a Liquidating Event, the Partnership shall continue solely for the purposes of winding up its affairs in an orderly manner, liquidating its assets, and satisfying the claims of its creditors and Partners.
 
(ii)            No Partner shall take any action that is inconsistent with, or not necessary to or appropriate for, the winding up of the Partnership’s business and affairs.
 
(iii)           The General Partner, or, if there is no remaining General Partner, any Person elected unanimously by the Limited Partners holding at least a “majority in interest” (the General Partner or such other Person being referred to herein as the “ Liquidator ”), shall be responsible for overseeing the winding up and dissolution of the Partnership and shall take full account of the Partnership’s liabilities and property and the Partnership property shall be liquidated as promptly as is consistent with obtaining the fair value thereof, and the proceeds therefrom (which may, to the extent determined by the General Partner, include shares of Common Stock or other securities of the General Partner) shall be applied and distributed in the following order:
 
(A)            First, to the payment and discharge of all of the Partnership’s debts and liabilities to creditors other than the Partners;
 
(B)            Second, to the payment and discharge of all of the Partnership’s debts and liabilities to the General Partner;
 
(C)            Third, to the payment and discharge of all of the Partnership’s debts and liabilities to the other Partners; and
 
(D)            the balance, if any, shall be distributed to all Partners (including the Special Limited Partner) with positive Capital Accounts in accordance with their respective positive Capital Account balances.
 
(iv)           The General Partner shall not receive any additional compensation for any services performed pursuant to this Article 13 .
 
(v)           Any distributions pursuant to this Section 13.2(a) shall be made by the end of the Partnership’s taxable year in which the liquidation occurs (or, if later, within 90 days after the date of the liquidation).
 
(b)            (i)            Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 13.2(a) which require liquidation of the assets of the Partnership, but subject to the order of priorities set forth therein, if prior to or upon dissolution of the Partnership the Liquidator determines that an immediate sale of part or all of the Partnership’s assets would be impractical or would cause undue loss to the Partners (considered as a whole) and the Special Limited Partner, the Liquidator may, in its sole and absolute discretion, defer for a reasonable time the liquidation of any asset except those necessary to satisfy liabilities of the Partnership (including to those Partners, including the Special Limited Partner, as creditors) or distribute to the Partners (and the Special Limited Partner), in lieu of cash, as tenants in common and in accordance with the provisions of Section 13.2(a) , undivided interests in such Partnership assets as the Liquidator deems not suitable for liquidation.

 
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(ii)            Any such distributions in kind shall be made only if, in the good faith judgment of the Liquidator, such distributions in kind are in the best interests of the Partners (considered as a whole) and the Special Limited Partner, and shall be subject to such conditions relating to the disposition and management of such properties as the Liquidator deems reasonable and equitable and to any agreements governing the operation of such properties at such time.
 
(iii)           The Liquidator shall determine the fair market value of any property distributed in kind using such reasonable method of valuation as it may adopt.
 
(c)            In the discretion of the Liquidator, a pro rata portion of the distributions that would otherwise be made to the General Partner, the Limited Partners and the Special Limited Partner pursuant to this Article 13 may be:
 
(A)            distributed to a trust established for the benefit of the General Partner, the Limited Partners and the Special Limited Partner for the purposes of liquidating Partnership assets, collecting amounts owed to the Partnership, and paying any contingent or unforeseen liabilities or obligations of the Partnership or the General Partner arising out of or in connection with the Partnership; the assets of any such trust shall be distributed to the General Partner, the Limited Partners and the Special Limited Partner from time to time, in the reasonable discretion of the Liquidator, in the same proportions as the amount distributed to such trust by the Partnership would otherwise have been distributed to the General Partner, the Limited Partners and the Special Limited Partner pursuant to this Agreement; or
 
(B)            withheld or escrowed to provide a reasonable reserve for Partnership liabilities (contingent or otherwise) and to reflect the unrealized portion of any installment obligations owed to the Partnership, provided , however , that such withheld or escrowed amounts shall be distributed to the General Partner, the Limited Partners and the Special Limited Partner in the manner and order of priority set forth in Section 13.2(a) , as soon as practicable.
 
13.3
No Obligation to Contribute Deficit
 
If any Partner or the Special Limited Partner has a deficit balance in his Capital Account (after giving effect to all contributions, distributions and allocations for all taxable years, including the year during which such liquidation occurs), such Partner or the Special Limited Partner shall have no obligation to make any contribution to the capital of the Partnership with respect to such deficit, and such deficit shall not be considered a debt owed to the Partnership or to any other Person for any purpose whatsoever.

 
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13.4
Rights of Limited Partners
 
(a)            Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, each Limited Partner shall look solely to the assets of the Partnership for the return of its Capital Contributions and shall have no right or power to demand or receive property other than cash from the Partnership.
 
(b)            Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, no Limited Partner shall have priority over any other Partner as to the return of its Capital Contributions, distributions, or allocations.
 
13.5
Notice of Dissolution
 
If a Liquidating Event occurs or an event occurs that would, but for the provisions of an election or objection by one or more Partners pursuant to Section 13.1 , result in a dissolution of the Partnership, the General Partner shall, within 30 days thereafter, provide written notice thereof to each of the Partners (including the Special Limited Partner).
 
13.6
Termination of Partnership and Cancellation of Certificate of Limited Partnership
 
Upon the completion of the liquidation of the Partnership’s assets, as provided in Section 13.2 , the Partnership shall be terminated, a certificate of cancellation shall be filed, and all qualifications of the Partnership as a foreign limited partnership in jurisdictions other than the state of Delaware shall be canceled and such other actions as may be necessary to terminate the Partnership shall be taken.
 
13.7
Reasonable Time for Winding-Up
 
A reasonable time shall be allowed for the orderly winding-up of the business and affairs of the Partnership and the liquidation of its assets pursuant to Section 13.2 in order to minimize any losses otherwise attendant upon such winding-up, and the provisions of this Agreement shall remain in effect among the Partners (including the Special Limited Partner) during the period of liquidation.
 
13.8
Waiver of Partition
 
Each Partner hereby waives any right to partition of the Partnership property.
 
ARTICLE 14
AMENDMENT OF PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT; MEETINGS
 
14.1
Amendments
 
(a)            The General Partner shall have the power, without the consent of the Limited Partners or the Special Limited Partner, to amend this Agreement except as set forth in Section 14.1(b) .  The General Partner shall provide notice to the Limited Partners and the Special Limited Partner when any action under this Section 14.1(a) is taken in the next regular communication to the Limited Partners.
 
 
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(b)            Notwithstanding Section 14.1(a) , this Agreement shall not be amended with respect to:
 
(i)            any Partner, including the Special Limited Partner, adversely affected without the Consent of such Partner adversely affected if such amendment would:
 
(A)            convert a Limited Partner’s or the Special Limited Partner’s interest in the Partnership into a General Partner Interest;
 
(B)            modify the limited liability of a Limited Partner or the Special Limited Partner in a manner adverse to such Limited Partner or the Special Limited Partner; or
 
(C)            amend this Section 14.1(b)(i) ; and
 
(ii)            any Limited Partner adversely affected without the Consent of Limited Partners holding more than 66 2/3% of the outstanding Percentage Interests of the Limited Partners adversely affected if such amendment would:
 
(A)            alter or change Exchange Rights;
 
(B)            create an obligation to make Capital Contributions not contemplated in this Agreement;
 
(C)            alter or change the terms of this Agreement or the Exchange Rights Agreement regarding the rights of the limited partners with respect to Business Combinations;
 
(D)            alter or change the distribution and liquidation rights provided in Sections 5 and 13 hereto, except as otherwise permitted under this Agreement; or
 
(E)            amend this Section 14.1(b)(ii) .
 
(iii)            the Special Limited Partner without the Consent of the Special Limited Partner if such amendment would adversely affect the Special Limited Partner.
 
Section 14.1(b)(i) does not require unanimous consent of all Partners adversely affected unless the amendment is to be effective against all Partners adversely affected.
 
14.2
Meetings of the Partners
 
(a)            (i)            Meetings of the Partners may be called by the General Partner and shall be called upon the receipt by the General Partner of a written request by Limited Partners holding 25 percent or more of the Partnership Interests.
 
(ii)            The request shall state the nature of the business to be transacted.
 
(iii)           Notice of any such meeting shall be given to all Partners not less than seven days nor more than 30 days prior to the date of such meeting.
 
 
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(iv)           Partners may vote in person or by proxy at such meeting.
 
(v)            Whenever the vote or Consent of the Limited Partners is permitted or required under this Agreement, such vote or Consent may be given at a meeting of the Partners or may be given in accordance with the procedure prescribed in Section 14.1(a) .
 
(vi)          Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, the Consent of holders of a majority of the Percentage Interests held by Partners (including the General Partner) shall control.
 
(b)            (i)            Subject to Section 14.2(a)(vi) , any action required or permitted to be taken at a meeting of the Partners may be taken without a meeting if a written consent setting forth the action so taken is signed by a majority of the Percentage Interests of the Partners (or such other percentage as is expressly required by this Agreement).
 
(ii)            Such Consent may be in one instrument or in several instruments, and shall have the same force and effect as a vote of a majority of the Percentage Interests of the Partners (or such other percentage as is expressly required by this Agreement).
 
(iii)           Such Consent shall be filed with the General Partner.
 
(iv)          An action so taken shall be deemed to have been taken at a meeting held on the effective date of the Consent as certified by the General Partner.
 
(c)            (i)            Each Limited Partner may authorize any Person or Persons to act for him by proxy on all matters in which a Limited Partner is entitled to participate, including waiving notice of any meeting, or voting or participating at a meeting.
 
(ii)            Every proxy must be signed by the Partner or an attorney-in-fact and a copy thereof delivered to the Partnership.
 
(iii)           No proxy shall be valid after the expiration of 11 months from the date thereof unless otherwise provided in the proxy.
 
(iv)           Every proxy shall be revocable at the pleasure of the Partner executing it, such revocation to be effective upon the General Partner’s receipt of written notice of such revocation from the Partner executing such proxy.
 
(d)            (i)            Each meeting of the Partners shall be conducted by the General Partner or such other Person as the General Partner may appoint pursuant to such rules for the conduct of the meeting as the General Partner or such other Person deems appropriate.
 
(ii)            Meetings of Partners may be conducted in the same manner as meetings of the Stockholders of the General Partner and may be held at the same time, and as part of, meetings of the Stockholders of the General Partner.

 
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ARTICLE 15
GENERAL PROVISIONS
 
15.1
Addresses and Notice
 
Any notice, demand, request or report required or permitted to be given or made to a Partner or Assignee under this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed given or made when delivered in person or five days after being sent by first class United States mail or by overnight delivery or via facsimile to the Partner or Assignee at the address set forth in Exhibit A or such other address of which the Partner shall notify the General Partner in writing. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the General Partner may elect to deliver any such notice, demand, request or report by E-mail or by any other electronic means, in which case such communication shall be deemed given or made one day after being sent.
 
15.2
Titles and Captions
 
All article or section titles or captions in this Agreement are for convenience of reference only, shall not be deemed part of this Agreement and shall in no way define, limit, extend or describe the scope or intent of any provisions hereof. Except as specifically provided otherwise, references to “Articles” and “Sections” are to Articles and Sections of this Agreement.
 
15.3
Pronouns and Plurals
 
Whenever the context may require, any pronoun used in this Agreement shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine or neuter forms, and the singular form of nouns, pronouns and verbs shall include the plural and vice versa.
 
15.4
Further Action
 
The parties shall execute and deliver all documents, provide all information and take or refrain from taking action as may be necessary or appropriate to achieve the purposes of this Agreement.
 
15.5
Binding Effect
 
This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their heirs, executors, administrators, successors, legal representatives and permitted assigns.
 
15.6
Creditors
 
Other than as expressly set forth herein with respect to the Indemnities, none of the provisions of this Agreement shall be for the benefit of, or shall be enforceable by, any creditor of the Partnership.
 
15.7
Waiver
 
No failure by any party to insist upon the strict performance of any covenant, duty, agreement or condition of this Agreement or to exercise any right or remedy consequent upon a breach thereof shall constitute waiver of any such breach or any other covenant, duty, agreement or condition.

 
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15.8
Counterparts
 
This Agreement may be executed (including by facsimile transmission) with counterpart signature pages or in counterparts, all of which together shall constitute one agreement binding on all of the parties hereto, notwithstanding that all such parties are not signatories to the original or the same counterpart.
 
15.9
Applicable Law
 
This Agreement shall be construed and enforced in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to the principles of conflicts of laws thereof.
 
15.10
Invalidity of Provisions
 
If any provision of this Agreement is or becomes invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions contained herein shall not be affected thereby.
 
15.11
Entire Agreement
 
This Agreement contains the entire understanding and agreement among the Partners with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes any other prior written or oral understandings or agreements among them with respect thereto.
 
15.12
Merger
 
Subject to Section 4.2 , the Partnership may merge with, or consolidate into, any Person or Entity in accordance with Section 17-211 of the Act.
 
15.13
No Rights as Stockholders
 
Nothing contained in this Agreement shall be construed as conferring upon the holders of the Partnership Units any rights whatsoever as Stockholders of the General Partner, including any right to receive dividends or other distributions made to Stockholders or to vote or to consent or receive notice as Stockholders in respect to any meeting or Stockholders for the election of directors of the General Partner or any other matter.
 
[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]

 
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Signature Page to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, L.P., among the undersigned and the other parties thereto.
 
GENERAL PARTNER:
 
PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES, INC.
 
By:
/s/ John A. Williams 
 
Name:
 
 
Title:
 
 
INITIAL LIMITED PARTNER:
 
PREFERRED APARTMENT ADVISORS, LLC
 
By: NELL Partners, Inc., its Member
   
By:
/s/ John A. Williams 
 
Name:
John A. Williams
 
Title:
Chief Executive Officer
 
SPECIAL LIMITED PARTNER:
 
PREFERRED APARTMENT ADVISORS, LLC
 
By: NELL Partners, Inc., its Member
     
By:
/s/ John A. Williams 
 
Name:
John A. Williams
 
Title:
Chief Executive Officer
 
 
 

 

Corporate/Limited Liability Company Additional Limited Partner Signature Page to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, L.P., among the undersigned and the other parties thereto.
 
Dated:  ____________ __, 20___
[Name of Corporation/LLC]
   
 
By:
 
   
Name:
   
Title:
 
 
 

 

Individual Additional Limited Partner Signature Page to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, L.P., among the undersigned and the other parties thereto.
 
Dated:  ____________ __, 20___
 
   
    


 
 

 

Partnership Limited Partner Signature Page to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, L.P., among the undersigned and the other parties thereto.
 
Dated:  ____________ __, 20___
[Name of LP]
   
 
By:
 
   
Name:
   
Title:
 
 
 

 

Exhibit A
 
Partners’ Contributions and Partnership Interests
 
Name and Address of Partner
 
Type of Interest
 
Capital
Contribution
   
Number of
Partnership Units
   
Percentage
Interest
 
Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
 
 
                       
                             
3625 Cumberland Boulevard
                           
Suite 400
 
General Partner Interest
  109,998       10,999.8       99.999 %
Atlanta, Georgia 30339
                           
Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC
                           
                             
3625 Cumberland Boulevard
                           
Suite 400
 
Limited Partner Interest
  $ 1       .1       0.001 %
Atlanta, Georgia 30339
                           
Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC
 
 
                 
                             
3625 Cumberland Boulevard
                           
Suite 400
 
Special Limited Partner Interest
   
None
     
Not applicable
     
Not applicable
 
Atlanta, Georgia 30339
                           
 
 
A-1

 

Exhibit B
 
Allocations
 
For purposes of this Exhibit B , the term “Partner” shall include the Special Limited Partner.
 
1.            Allocation of Net Income and Net Loss .
 
(a)            General . Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, Net Income, Net Loss and, to the extent necessary, individual items of income, gain, loss or deduction, of the Partnership shall be allocated among the Partners in a manner such that the Capital Account of each Partner, immediately after making such allocation, is, as nearly as possible, equal proportionately to (i) the distributions that would be made to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.1(a) if the Partnership were dissolved, its affairs wound up and its assets sold for cash equal to their Gross Asset Value, all Partnership liabilities were satisfied (limited with respect to each nonrecourse liability to the Gross Asset Value of the assets securing such liability), and the net assets of the Partnership were distributed in accordance with Section 5.1(a) to the Partners immediately after making such allocation, minus (ii) such Partner’s share of Partnership Minimum Gain and Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain and the amount, if any and without duplication, that the Partner would be obligated to contribute to the capital of the Partnership, all computed immediately prior to the hypothetical sale of assets.
 
(b)            General Partner Gross Income Allocation . There shall be specially allocated to the General Partner an amount of (i) first, items of Partnership income and (ii) second, items of Partnership gain during each fiscal year or other applicable period, before any other allocations are made hereunder, in an amount equal to the excess, if any, of (A) the cumulative distributions made to the General Partner under Section 7.3(b) of the Agreement, other than distributions which would properly be treated as “guaranteed payments” or which are attributable to the reimbursement of expenses which would properly be deductible by the Partnership, over (B) the cumulative allocations of Partnership income and gain to the General Partner under this subparagraph 1(b).
 
2.            Regulatory Allocations . Notwithstanding any provisions of paragraph 1 of this Exhibit B , the following special allocations shall be made.
 
(a)            Minimum Gain Chargeback (Nonrecourse Liabilities) . Except as otherwise provided in Section 1.704-2(f) of the Regulations, if there is a net decrease in Partnership Minimum Gain for any Partnership fiscal year, each Partner shall be specially allocated items of Partnership income and gain for such year (and, if necessary, subsequent years) in an amount equal to such Partner’s share of the net decrease in Partnership Minimum Gain to the extent required by Section 1.704-2(f) of the Regulations. The items to be so allocated shall be determined in accordance with Sections 1.704-2(f) and (i) of the Regulations. This subparagraph 2(a) is intended to comply with the minimum gain chargeback requirement in said section of the Regulations and shall be interpreted consistently therewith. Allocations pursuant to this subparagraph 2(a) shall be made in proportion to the respective amounts required to be allocated to each Partner pursuant hereto.

 
 

 
 
(b)            Partner Minimum Gain Chargeback . Except as otherwise provided in Section 1.704-2(i)(4) of the Regulations, if there is a net decrease in Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain during any fiscal year, each Partner who has a share of the Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain, determined in accordance with Section 1.704-2(i)(5) of the Regulations, shall be specially allocated items of Partnership income and gain for such year (and, if necessary, subsequent years) in an amount equal to that Partner’s share of the net decrease in the Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain to the extent and in the manner required by Section 1.704-2(i) of the Regulations. The items to be so allocated shall be determined in accordance with Sections 1.704-2(i)(4) and (j)(2) of the Regulations. This subparagraph 2(b) is intended to comply with the minimum gain chargeback requirement with respect to Partner Nonrecourse Debt contained in said section of the Regulations and shall be interpreted consistently therewith. Allocations pursuant to this subparagraph 2(b) shall be made in proportion to the respective amounts required to be allocated to each Partner pursuant hereto.
 
(c)            Qualified Income Offset . If a Partner unexpectedly receives any adjustments, allocations or distributions described in Sections 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(4), (5) or (6) of the Regulations, and such Partner has an Adjusted Capital Account Deficit, items of Partnership income (including gross income) and gain shall be specially allocated to such Partner in an amount and manner sufficient to eliminate the Adjusted Capital Account Deficit as quickly as possible as required by the Regulations. This subparagraph 2(c) is intended to constitute a “qualified income offset” under Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d) of the Regulations and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
 
(d)            Nonrecourse Deductions . Nonrecourse Deductions for any fiscal year or other applicable period shall be allocated to the Partners in accordance with their respective Percentage Interests.
 
(e)            Partner Nonrecourse Deductions . Partner Nonrecourse Deductions for any fiscal year or other applicable period with respect to a Partner Nonrecourse Debt shall be specially allocated to the Partner that bears the economic risk of loss for such Partner Nonrecourse Debt (as determined under Sections 1.704-2(b)(4) and 1.704-2(i)(1) of the Regulations).
 
(f)            Section 754 Adjustment . To the extent an adjustment to the adjusted tax basis of any asset of the Partnership pursuant to Section 734(b) of the Code or Section 743(b) of the Code is required, pursuant to Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(m) of the Regulations, to be taken into account in determining Capital Accounts, the amount of such adjustment to the Capital Accounts shall be treated as an item of gain (if the adjustment increases the basis of the asset) or loss (if the adjustment decreases such basis) and such gain or loss shall be specially allocated among the Partners in a manner consistent with the manner in which each of their respective Capital Accounts are required to be adjusted pursuant to such section of the Regulations.
 
(g)            Gross Income Allocation . If any Partner has an Adjusted Capital Account Deficit at the end of any fiscal year or other applicable period which is in excess of the amount such Member is obligated to restore pursuant to the penultimate sentences of Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(g)(1) and 1.704-2(i)(5), such Member shall be specially allocated items of Partnership income and gain in the amount of such excess as quickly as possible, provided that an allocation pursuant to this subparagraph 2(g) shall be made only if and to the extent that such Partner would have an Adjusted Capital Account Deficit in excess of such amount after all other allocations provided for under this Agreement have been made as if subparagraph 2(c) and this subparagraph 2(g) were not in this Agreement.

 
 

 

3.            Tax Allocations .
 
(a)            Items of Income or Loss . Except as is otherwise provided in this Exhibit B , an allocation of Partnership Net Income or Net Loss to a Partner shall be treated as an allocation to such Partner of the same share of each item of income, gain, loss, deduction and item of tax-exempt income or Section 705(a)(2)(B) expenditure (or item treated as such expenditure pursuant to Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(i) of the Regulations) (“ Tax Items ”) that is taken into account in computing Net Income or Net Loss.
 
(b)            Section 1245/1250 Recapture . Subject to subparagraph 3(c) below, if any portion of gain from the sale of Partnership assets is treated as gain which is ordinary income by virtue of the application of Sections 1245 or 1250 of the Code (“ Affected Gain ”), then such Affected Gain shall be allocated among the Partners in the same proportion that the depreciation and amortization deductions giving rise to the Affected Gain were allocated. This subparagraph 3(b) shall not alter the amount of Net Income (or items thereof) allocated among the Partners, but merely the character of such Net Income (or items thereof). For purposes hereof, in order to determine the proportionate allocations of depreciation and amortization deductions for each fiscal year or other applicable period, such deductions shall be deemed allocated on the same basis as Net Income and Net Loss for such respective period.
 
(c)            Precontribution Gain, Revaluations . With respect to any Contributed Property, the Partnership shall use any permissible method contained in the Regulations promulgated under Section 704(c) of the Code selected by the General Partner, in its sole discretion, to take into account any variation between the adjusted basis of such asset and the fair market value of such asset as of the time of the contribution (“ Precontribution Gain ”). Each Partner hereby agrees to report income, gain, loss and deduction on such Partner’s federal income tax return in a manner consistent with the method used by the Partnership. If any asset has a Gross Asset Value which is different from the Partnership’s adjusted basis for such asset for federal income tax purposes because the Partnership has revalued such asset pursuant to Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(f) of the Regulations, the allocations of Tax Items shall be made in accordance with the principles of Section 704(c) of the Code and the Regulations and the methods of allocation promulgated thereunder. The intent of this subparagraph 3(c) is that each Partner who contributed to the capital of the Partnership a Contributed Property will bear, through reduced allocations of depreciation, increased allocations of gain or other items, the tax detriments associated with any Precontribution Gain. This subparagraph 3(c) is to be interpreted consistently with such intent.
 
(d)            Excess Nonrecourse Liability Safe Harbor . Pursuant to Section 1.752-3(a)(3) of the Regulations, solely for purposes of determining each Partner’s proportionate share of the “excess nonrecourse liabilities” of the Partnership (as defined in Section 1.752-3(a)(3) of the Regulations), the Partners’ respective interests in Partnership profits shall be determined under any permissible method reasonably determined by the General Partner; provided , however , that each Partner who has contributed an asset to the Partnership shall be allocated, to the extent possible, a share of “excess nonrecourse liabilities” of the Partnership which results in such Partner being allocated nonrecourse liabilities in an amount which is at least equal to the amount of income pursuant to Section 704(c) of the Code and the Regulations promulgated thereunder (the “ Liability Shortfall ”). If there is an insufficient amount of nonrecourse liabilities to allocate to each Partner an amount of nonrecourse liabilities equal to the Liability Shortfall, then an amount of nonrecourse liabilities in proportion to, and to the extent of, the Liability Shortfall shall be allocated to each Partner.

 
 

 
 
(e)            References to Regulations . Any reference in this Exhibit B or the Agreement to a provision of proposed and/or temporary Regulations shall, if such provision is modified or renumbered, be deemed to refer to the successor provision as so modified or renumbered, but only to the extent such successor provision applies to the Partnership under the effective date rules applicable to such successor provision.)
 
(f)            Successor Partners . For purposes of this Exhibit B , a transferee of a Partnership Interest shall be deemed to have been allocated the Net Income, Net Loss and other items of Partnership income, gain, loss, deduction and credit allocable to the transferred Partnership Interest that previously have been allocated to the transferor Partner pursuant to this Agreement.

 
 

 
 

AMENDED AND RESTATED SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT

THIS AMENDED AND RESTATED SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT is made and entered into as of February 28, 2011 (this “ Agreement ”), among Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the “ Company ”), Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “ Manager ”), Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (“ PAC LP ”), and Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC, a Georgia limited liability company (the “ Investor ”).
RECITALS
A.
The Company proposes to undertake an initial public offering on a firm commitment underwritten basis (the “ IPO ”) of its common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “ Common Stock ”).
 
B.
The Investor desires to purchase Common Stock in a private placement transaction exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act and Rule 506 of Regulation D (“ Regulation D ”) promulgated thereunder by the SEC.
 
C.
The parties entered into the Subscription Agreement on July 29, 2010 (the “Original Agreement”).
 
D.
The parties have agreed to make certain amendments and desire to amend and restate the Original Agreement in its entirety.
 
E.
Certain capitalized and other defined terms used in this Agreement have the respective meanings ascribed thereto in Section 7.1 .
 
NOW, THEREFORE, for and in consideration of the foregoing premises and the mutual undertakings set forth below, the receipt and sufficiency of which hereby are acknowledged, the parties hereto agree that the Original Agreement hereby is amended and restated in its entirety to read as follows:
 
ARTICLE I
IRREVOCABLE SUBSCRIPTION FOR SHARES
 
Section 1.1 Irrevocable Subscription for Shares .  Pursuant to the terms and subject to the satisfaction or waiver of the conditions set forth in Article III , the Investor hereby irrevocably subscribes for and will purchase, and the Company, in reliance upon the representations, warranties and agreements of the Investor contained herein, will issue and sell to the Investor, immediately prior to, or concurrently with, the IPO Closing, that number of shares of Common Stock equal to the Stock Purchase Price divided by the IPO Share Price.  The Investor agrees to and understands the terms and conditions upon which the Common Stock is being offered.  The price per share of Common Stock paid by the Investor will be the same price per share as the price per share of Common Stock in the IPO (the “ IPO Share Price ”).  The aggregate purchase price for the shares of Common Stock to be purchased by the Investor is $5,000,000 (the “ Stock Purchase Price ”).
 
 
 

 
 
ARTICLE II
CLOSING CONDITIONS; CLOSING
 
Section 2.1 Conditions to the Company’s Obligations .  The obligations of the Company to effect the closing of the purchase and sale of the Common Stock (the “ Closing ”) on the Closing Date shall be subject to the satisfaction (or waiver by the Company) of the following conditions precedent:
 
(a)          The representations and warranties of the Investor contained in this Agreement shall have been true and correct in all material respects on the date such representations and warranties were made, and on and as of the Closing Date, as if made on and as of such date;
 
(b)          The obligations of the Investor contained in this Agreement shall have been duly performed in all material respects on or before the Closing Date, and the Investor shall not have breached any of its covenants contained in this Agreement in any material respect;
 
(c)          Concurrently with the Closing, the Investor shall have executed and delivered to the Company the Closing Documents required to be delivered by the Investor pursuant to Section 2.4 ;
 
(d)          The Closing Documents required to be delivered by the Investor pursuant to Section 2.4 shall be in full force and effect, and the Investor shall not be in default in any material respect of its obligations thereunder; and
 
(e)          No preliminary or permanent injunction or other order issued by any court or other governmental or regulatory authority, domestic or foreign, nor any statute, rule, regulation, decree or executive order promulgated or enacted by any governmental entity that declares this Agreement invalid or unenforceable in any respect or which prevents the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby shall be in effect; and no action, suit or proceeding before any court or regulatory authority, domestic or foreign, shall have been instituted or threatened by any governmental entity or by any other Person (excluding any such action instituted or threatened by or on behalf of the Company, PAC LP, the Manager or any of their respective Affiliates), which seeks to prevent or delay the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or which challenges the validity or enforceability of this Agreement.
 
Section 2.2 Conditions to the Investor’s Obligations .  The obligations of the Investor to effect the Closing on the Closing Date shall be subject to the satisfaction (or waiver by the Investor) of the following conditions precedent:
 
(a)          The representations and warranties of the Company, the Manager and PAC LP contained in this Agreement shall have been true and correct in all material respects on the date such representations and warranties were made, and on and as of the Closing Date, as if made on and as of such date;
 

 
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(b)          The obligations of the Company, the Manager and PAC LP contained in this Agreement shall have been duly performed in all material respects on or before the Closing Date, and none of the Company, the Manager or PAC LP shall have breached any of its covenants contained in this Agreement in any material respect;
 
(c)          Concurrently with the Closing, the Company, the Manager and PAC LP shall each have executed and delivered to the Investor the Closing Documents required to be delivered by the Company, the Manager or PAC LP, as applicable, pursuant to Section 2.4 ;
 
(d)           The Closing Documents required to be delivered by the Company, the Manager or PAC LP, as applicable, pursuant to Section 2.4 shall be in full force and effect, and none of the Company, the Manager and PAC LP shall be in default in any material respect of its obligations thereunder; and
 
(e)          No preliminary or permanent injunction or other order issued by any court or other governmental or regulatory authority, domestic or foreign, nor any statute, rule, regulation, decree or executive order promulgated or enacted by any governmental entity that declares this Agreement invalid or unenforceable in any respect or which prevents the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby shall be in effect; and no action, suit or proceeding before any court or regulatory authority, domestic or foreign, shall have been instituted or threatened by any governmental entity or by any other Person (excluding any such action instituted or threatened by or on behalf of the Investor), which seeks to prevent or delay the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or which challenges the validity or enforceability of this Agreement;
 
(f)          The IPO Closing shall be occurring concurrently with the Closing (or the Closing shall occur immediately prior to, but be conditioned upon the immediate subsequent occurrence of, the IPO Closing); and
 
(g)          The shares of Common Stock shall have been approved for listing on the NYSE Amex LLC, subject to official notice of issuance.
 
Section 2.3 Closing Time and Place .  The date and time of the consummation of the Closing (the “ Closing Date ”) shall, subject to the satisfaction or waiver of the last of the conditions to the Closing set forth in this Agreement (other than those conditions which, by their nature, are to be satisfied on the Closing Date), occur concurrently with (or immediately prior to, but conditioned upon the immediate subsequent occurrence of) the IPO Closing, in the offices of Proskauer Rose LLP, Eleven Times Square, New York, New York 10036.
 
Section 2.4 Closing Deliveries .  At the Closing, the Investor will pay the Stock Purchase Price in cash by wire transfer of immediately available funds to an account designated upon by the Company at least ten Business Days prior to the Closing.  At the Closing, the parties shall make, execute, acknowledge and deliver, or cause to be made, executed, acknowledged and delivered through one or more third parties as may be applicable, the following legal documents and other items (collectively, the “ Closing Documents ”) necessary to carry out the intention of this Agreement and the other transactions contemplated to take place in connection therewith at the Closing:
 

 
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(a)          Share certificates, evidence of delivery of uncertificated shares of Common Stock by book-entry or other evidence of the issuance of Common Stock to the Investor;
 
(b)          The Registration Rights Agreement between the Investor and the Company substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “ Registration Rights Agreement ”);
 
(c)          The Investor shall have executed and delivered a letter to the Company setting forth certain representations and undertakings related to the Investor’s ownership of Common Stock in a form reasonably acceptable to the board of directors of the Company and which allows the board of directors of the Company to reasonably conclude that the ownership waiver and Excepted Holder Limit (as defined in the Company’s Charter) described in Section 2.4(d) will not jeopardize the Company’s status as a REIT under the Code, and make the other determinations required by the Charter in connection with granting such waiver and Excepted Holder Limit;
 
(d)          Based on the shareholder representation letter described in Section 2.4(c) , the board of directors of the Company shall have granted an exception to the Aggregate Share Ownership Limit set forth in the Charter, providing the Investor requiring such an exception with an Excepted Holder Limit as is necessary for the Investor to own shares of Common Stock without a violation of the Aggregate Share Ownership Limit set forth in the Charter; and
 
(e)          If requested by the Company, on the one hand, or the Investor, on the other hand, each party hereto shall provide to the requesting party a certified copy of all appropriate corporate resolutions or company actions authorizing the execution, delivery and performance by such party of this Agreement, any related documents and the documents listed in this Section 2.4 .
 
ARTICLE III
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE INVESTOR
 
The Investor represents and warrants to the Company, PAC LP and the Manager as set forth below in this Article III , which representations and warranties are true and correct as of the date hereof and will (except to the extent expressly relating to a specified date) be true and correct as of the Closing Date:
 
Section 3.1 Organization; Authority .  The Investor has been duly organized and is validly existing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its formation, and has all requisite approvals, licenses, permits and corporate power and authority to enter into this Agreement and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby, and, to the extent required under applicable law, is qualified to do business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the nature of its business or the character of its property make such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified would not cause a material adverse effect on the ability of the Investor to fulfill its obligations hereunder and under the other transaction documents.
 
Section 3.2 Due Authorization .  The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by the Investor have been duly and validly authorized by all necessary action of the Investor.  No other company action (including any equityholder approval) is necessary to authorize such execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement.  This Agreement constitutes the legal, valid and binding obligation of the Investor, enforceable against the Investor in accordance with its terms, as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy or the application of equitable principles.
 

 
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Section 3.3 Consents and Approvals .  Except as shall have been satisfied prior to the Closing Date, no consent, waiver, approval or authorization of any third party or governmental authority or agency is required to be obtained by the Investor in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of the Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby.
 
Section 3.4 Non-Contravention .  None of the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement by the Investor and the consummation by the Investor of the transactions contemplated hereby will:  (a) result in a default (or an event that, with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or give to any third party any right of termination, cancellation, amendment or acceleration under, or result in any loss of any material benefit under, any agreement, document or instrument to which the Investor or any of its subsidiaries or any of its or their properties or assets may be bound; (b) violate or conflict with any judgment, order, decree, or law applicable to the Investor or any of its subsidiaries or any of its or their properties or assets, except as to clauses (a) and (b) for such events that do not cause a material adverse effect on the ability of the Investor to fulfill its obligations hereunder and under the other transaction documents; or (c) result in a breach of any of the terms, conditions or provisions of any the organizational documents of the Investor.
 
Section 3.5 Investment Purposes .  The Investor acknowledges its understanding that the offering and issuance of Common Stock to be acquired by it pursuant to this Agreement are intended to be exempt from registration under the Securities Act and that the Company’s reliance on such exemption is predicated in part on the accuracy and completeness of the representations and warranties of the Investor contained in this Agreement.  In furtherance thereof, the Investor represents and warrants to the Company as follows:
 
(a)          The Investor is acquiring Common Stock hereunder solely for its own account and not with a view to, or for offer or sale in connection with, any distribution thereof.  The Investor agrees and acknowledges that it will not, directly or indirectly, Transfer any of the Common Stock acquired hereunder, unless (i) the Transfer is pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act and qualification or other compliance under applicable blue sky or state securities laws, or (ii) counsel for the Investor (which counsel shall be reasonably acceptable to the Company) shall have furnished the Company with an opinion, reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the Company, to the effect that no such registration is required because of the availability of an exemption from registration under the Securities Act;
 
(b)          The Investor is knowledgeable, sophisticated and experienced in business and financial matters and fully understands the limitations on transfer imposed by the Federal securities laws and as described in the Agreement.  The Investor is able to bear the economic risk of holding the Common Stock for an indefinite period and is able to afford the complete loss of its investment in the Common Stock; the Investor has received and reviewed all information and documents about or pertaining to the Company, the business and prospects of the Company and the issuance of the Common Stock, as the Investor has requested, and has been given the opportunity to obtain any additional information or documents and to ask questions and receive answers about such information and documents, the Common Stock, the Company, the Manager and the business and prospects of each of the Company and the Manager.  The Investor has reviewed with its legal counsel and tax advisors the Charter and the By-laws.
 

 
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(c)          The Investor acknowledges that it has been advised that (i) the shares of Common Stock issued pursuant to this Agreement are “restricted securities” (unless registered in accordance with applicable U.S. securities laws) under applicable federal securities laws and may be disposed of only pursuant to an effective registration statement or an exemption therefrom and the Investor understands that the Company has no obligation to register the Investor’s Common Stock, except to the extent set forth in the Registration Rights Agreement; accordingly, the Investor may have to bear indefinitely the economic risks of an investment in such Common Stock, (ii) a restrictive legend in the form hereafter set forth shall be placed on the share certificates, and (iii) a notation shall be made in the appropriate records of the Company indicating that the shares of Common Stock issued hereunder are subject to restrictions on transfer.
 
(d)          The Investor is an “accredited investor” (as such term is defined in Rule 501 (a) of Regulation D under the Securities Act).  The Investor has previously provided the Company with a duly executed Accredited Investor Questionnaire.  No event or circumstance has occurred since delivery of the Investor’s Accredited Investor Questionnaire to make the statements contained therein false or misleading in any material respect.
 
(e)          Each share certificate issued pursuant to this Agreement, unless registered in accordance with applicable U.S. securities laws, shall bear the following legend:
 
THE SECURITIES EVIDENCED HEREBY HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “ ACT ”), OR THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE AND MAY NOT BE SOLD, TRANSFERRED OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF IN THE ABSENCE OF SUCH REGISTRATION, UNLESS THE TRANSFEROR DELIVERS TO THE COMPANY AN OPINION OF COUNSEL SATISFACTORY TO THE COMPANY, TO THE EFFECT THAT THE PROPOSED SALE, TRANSFER OR OTHER DISPOSITION MAY BE EFFECTED WITHOUT REGISTRATION UNDER THE ACT AND UNDER APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES OR “BLUE SKY” LAWS.
 
In addition to the foregoing legend, each share certificate shall bear a legend which generally provides the following:
 
THE SHARES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE ARE SUBJECT TO RESTRICTIONS ON BENEFICIAL AND CONSTRUCTIVE OWNERSHIP AND TRANSFER FOR THE
 

 
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PURPOSE OF THE COMPANY’S MAINTENANCE OF ITS STATUS AS A REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST UNDER THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986, AS AMENDED (THE “ CODE ”). SUBJECT TO CERTAIN FURTHER RESTRICTIONS AND EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY PROVIDED IN THE COMPANY’S CHARTER, (I) NO PERSON, OTHER THAN AN EXCEPTED HOLDER, SHALL BENEFICIALLY OWN OR CONSTRUCTIVELY OWN SHARES IN EXCESS OF THE AGGREGATE SHARE OWNERSHIP LIMIT.  NO EXCEPTED HOLDER SHALL BENEFICIALLY OWN OR CONSTRUCTIVELY OWN SHARES IN EXCESS OF THE EXCEPTED HOLDER LIMIT FOR SUCH EXCEPTED HOLDER, (II) NO PERSON SHALL BENEFICIALLY OWN OR CONSTRUCTIVELY OWN SHARES TO THE EXTENT THAT SUCH BENEFICIAL OR CONSTRUCTIVE OWNERSHIP OF SHARES WOULD RESULT IN THE CORPORATION BEING “CLOSELY HELD” WITHIN THE MEANING OF SECTION 856(H) OF THE CODE (WITHOUT REGARD TO WHETHER THE OWNERSHIP INTEREST IS HELD DURING THE LAST HALF OF A TAXABLE YEAR), OR OTHERWISE FAILING TO QUALIFY AS A REIT (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP OR CONSTRUCTIVE OWNERSHIP THAT WOULD RESULT IN THE CORPORATION ACTUALLY OWNING OR CONSTRUCTIVELY OWNING AN INTEREST IN A TENANT THAT IS DESCRIBED IN SECTION 856(D)(2)(B) OF THE CODE IF THE INCOME DERIVED BY THE CORPORATION FROM SUCH TENANT WOULD CAUSE THE CORPORATION TO FAIL TO SATISFY ANY OF THE GROSS INCOME REQUIREMENTS OF SECTION 856(C) OF THE CODE), AND (III) ANY TRANSFER OF SHARES THAT, IF EFFECTIVE, WOULD RESULT IN SHARES BEING BENEFICIALLY OWNED BY LESS THAN 100 PERSONS (DETERMINED UNDER THE PRINCIPLES OF SECTION 856(A)(5) OF THE CODE) SHALL BE VOID AB INITIO , AND THE INTENDED TRANSFEREE SHALL ACQUIRE NO RIGHTS IN SUCH SHARES.  IF ANY OF THE RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFER OR OWNERSHIP SET FORTH IN (I) THROUGH (III) ABOVE ARE VIOLATED, THE SHARES OF CAPITAL STOCK REPRESENTED HEREBY WILL BE AUTOMATICALLY TRANSFERRED TO A TRUSTEE OF A TRUST FOR THE BENEFIT OF ONE OR MORE CHARITABLE BENEFICIARIES.  IN ADDITION, THE COMPANY MAY TAKE OTHER ACTIONS, INCLUDING REDEEMING SHARES UPON THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS SPECIFIED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS IN ITS SOLE AND ABSOLUTE DISCRETION IF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS DETERMINES THAT OWNERSHIP OR A TRANSFER OR OTHER EVENT MAY VIOLATE THE RESTRICTIONS DESCRIBED ABOVE.  FURTHERMORE, UPON THE OCCURRENCE OF CERTAIN EVENTS, ATTEMPTED
 

 
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TRANSFERS IN VIOLATION OF THE RESTRICTIONS DESCRIBED ABOVE MAY BE VOID AB INITIO .  ALL CAPITALIZED TERMS IN THIS LEGEND HAVE THE MEANINGS DEFINED IN THE CHARTER OF THE COMPANY, AS THE SAME MAY BE AMENDED FROM TIME TO TIME, A COPY OF WHICH, INCLUDING THE RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFER AND OWNERSHIP, WILL BE FURNISHED TO EACH HOLDER OF CAPITAL STOCK OF THE COMPANY ON REQUEST AND WITHOUT CHARGE.  REQUESTS FOR SUCH A COPY MAY BE DIRECTED TO THE SECRETARY OF THE COMPANY AT ITS PRINCIPAL OFFICE.
 
Section 3.6 No Brokers .  The Investor has not employed or made any agreement with any broker, finder or similar agent or any other Person which will result in the obligation of the Company or any of its Affiliates to pay any finder’s fee, brokerage fees or commissions or similar payment in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Agreement.
 
Except as set forth in this Article III , no Investor makes any representation or warranty of any kind, express or implied, and each of the Company, the Manager and PAC LP acknowledges that it has not relied upon any other such representation or warranty.
 
ARTICLE IV
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
 
The Company represents and warrants to the Investor and the Manager as set forth below in this Article IV , which representations and warranties are true and correct as of the date hereof and will (except to the extent expressly relating to a specified date) be true and correct as of the Closing Date:
 
Section 4.1 Organization; Authority .  The Company has been duly incorporated and is validly existing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its formation, and has all requisite approvals, licenses, permits and corporate power and authority to enter into this Agreement and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby, and, to the extent required under applicable law, is qualified to do business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the nature of its business or the character of its property make such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified would not result in a Material Adverse Effect.  The Company has made available (or caused to be made available) to the Investor a true and complete copy of each of the Charter and the By-laws, as amended through the date hereof.
 
Section 4.2 Subsidiaries .  Each subsidiary of the Company has been duly incorporated, is validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization, has the power and authority to own its properties and to conduct its business and is duly registered, qualified and authorized to transact business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the conduct of its business or the nature of its properties requires such registration, qualification or authorization.  All the issued and outstanding capital stock of each subsidiary of the Company has been duly authorized and validly issued, is fully paid and non-assessable.
 

 
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Section 4.3 Due Authorization .  The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by the Company have been duly and validly authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company.  No other corporate action (including stockholder approval) is necessary to authorize such execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement.  This Agreement constitutes the legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy or the application of equitable principles.  The Company has authorized the issuance and delivery of the shares of Common Stock to the Investor in accordance with this Agreement.
 
Section 4.4 Consents and Approvals .  Except as required pursuant to federal and state securities laws and for approvals by the American Stock Exchange, each in connection with the IPO, no consent, waiver, approval or authorization of any third party or governmental authority or agency is required to be obtained by the Company in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, except any of the foregoing that shall have been obtained or satisfied prior to the Closing Date or the IPO Closing, as applicable.
 
Section 4.5 Non-Contravention .  None of the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement by the Company and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby will:  (a) result in a default (or an event that, with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or give to any third party any right of termination, cancellation, amendment or acceleration under, or result in any loss of any material benefit under, any agreement, document or instrument to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any of its or their properties or assets may be bound; (b) violate or conflict with any judgment, order, decree, or law applicable to the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any of its or their properties or assets, except as to clauses (a) and (b) for such events that would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect; or (c) result in a breach of any of the terms, conditions or provisions of the By-laws and Charter.  No event has occurred and no condition exists which, upon notice or the passage of time (or both), would constitute a default in any material respect under any such agreement, document or instrument to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any of its or their properties or assets may be bound or in any license, permit or authorization to which the Company or any subsidiary is a party or by which any of them may be bound.
 
Section 4.6 REIT Status .  At the effective time of the IPO and the Closing Date, the Company shall be organized so as to qualify as a REIT within the meaning of Section 856 of the Code.  At the effective time of the IPO and the Closing Date, the Company shall have operated in a manner that will allow it to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes commencing with its taxable year ending December 31, 2011.
 
Section 4.7 Investment Company .  The Company is not, and following the Closing will not be, an “investment company” or an “affiliated person” of, or “promoter” or “principal underwriter” for an investment company, within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
 
Section 4.8 Capitalization .  As of the date hereof, the authorized capital stock of the Company consists of (a) 400,066,666 shares of Common Stock, and (b) 15,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock. The Common Stock and the Preferred Stock are collectively referred to as the “ Company Securities .”  As of the date hereof, the issued and outstanding securities of the Company consist solely of 36,666 shares of Common Stock, and no shares of Preferred Stock.  As of the date hereof, all the issued and outstanding Company Securities have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and non-assessable, and are not subject to preemptive or similar rights created by statute or any agreement to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound.  The Common Stock issuable in accordance with the terms of this Agreement will at the time of the Closing, be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, and not subject to preemptive or similar rights created by statute or any agreement to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound.
 

 
9

 
 
Section 4.9 No Litigation .  As of the date hereof, there is no action, suit, arbitration or other legal, administrative or other governmental investigation, inquiry or proceeding (whether federal, state, local or foreign) pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened against or affecting the Company or any subsidiary or any of their respective properties, assets or businesses that, if adversely determined (individually or in the aggregate) has had or would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on (a) the business, properties, assets, liabilities, prospects, profits, financial condition or results of operations (financial or otherwise) of the Company and its subsidiaries (including PAC LP) taken as a whole, or (b) the ability of the Company, the Manager or PAC LP to execute or deliver, or perform its obligations under, this Agreement, the other documents executed pursuant to this Agreement or to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby (either of (a) or (b), a “ Material Adverse Effect ”).  As of the date hereof, neither the Company nor any subsidiary of the Company is subject to any order, writ, judgment, injunction, decree, determination or award of any court or of any governmental agency or instrumentality (whether federal, state, local or foreign).
 
Section 4.10 No Prior Business . Since the date of its incorporation, the Company has not conducted any business, nor has it incurred any material liabilities or obligations (direct or indirect, present or contingent), in each case except in connection with its formation, the proposed IPO, the proposed acquisition of real property and the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
 
Section 4.11 No Broker .  None of the Company, its Affiliates and any of their respective officers, directors or employees, to the extent applicable, has employed or made any agreement with any broker, finder or similar agent or any other Person which will result in the obligation of the Company or any of its Affiliates to pay any finder’s fee, brokerage fees or commissions or similar payment in connection with transactions contemplated by the Agreement.
 
Except as set forth in this Article IV , the Company does not make any representation or warranty of any kind, express or implied, and the Investor acknowledges that it has not relied upon any other such representation or warranty.
 

 
10

 
 
ARTICLE V
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE MANAGER
 
The Manager represents and warrants to the Company, PAC LP and the  Investor as set forth below in this Article V , which representations and warranties are true and correct as of the date hereof and will (except to the extent expressly relating to a specified date) be true and correct as of the Closing Date:
 
Section 5.1 Organization; Authority .  The Manager is a limited liability company, duly formed, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware with all requisite limited liability company power and authority and all approvals, licenses, permits and authorizations necessary to carry out the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the nature of its business or the character of its property make such qualification necessary.  The Company has made available to the Investor a true and complete copy of the Manager LLCA, as amended through the date hereof.
 
Section 5.2 Due Authorization .  The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by the Manager have been duly and validly authorized by all necessary action of the Manager.  No other limited liability company action (including member approval) is necessary to authorize such execution, delivery and performance of the this Agreement.  This Agreement constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Manager, enforceable against the Manager in accordance with its terms, such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy or the application of equitable principles.
 
Section 5.3 Consents and Approvals .  No consent, waiver, approval or authorization of any third party or governmental authority or agency is required to be obtained by the Manager in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, except any of the foregoing that shall have been obtained or satisfied prior to the Closing Date or the IPO Closing, as applicable.
 
Section 5.4 Non-Contravention .  None of the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement by the Manager and the consummation by the Manager of the subscription transactions contemplated hereby will:  (a) result in a default (or an event that, with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or give to any third party any right of termination, cancellation, amendment or acceleration under, or result in any loss of any material benefit under, any agreement, document or instrument to which the Company or any of its properties or assets may be bound; (b) violate or conflict with any judgment, order, decree, or law applicable to the Company or any of its properties or assets, except as to clauses (a) and (b) for such events that would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect; or (c) result in a breach of any of the terms, conditions or provisions of the Manager LLCA.  No event has occurred and no condition exists which, upon notice or the passage of time (or both), would constitute a default in any material respect under any such agreement, document or instrument to which the Manager or any of its subsidiaries or any of its or their properties or assets may be bound or in any license, permit or authorization to which the Manager or any subsidiary is a party or by which any of them may be bound.
 

 
11

 


 
Section 5.5 No Litigation .  As of the date hereof, there is no action, suit, arbitration or other legal, administrative or other governmental investigation, inquiry or proceeding (whether federal, state, local or foreign) pending or, to the Manager’s knowledge, threatened against or affecting the Manager or any subsidiary or any of their respective properties, assets or businesses that, if adversely determined, would have a material adverse effect on (i) the business, properties, assets, liabilities, prospects, profits, financial condition or results of operations (financial or otherwise) of the Manager, or (ii) the ability of the Manager to execute or deliver, or perform its obligations under, this Agreement and the other documents executed by it pursuant to this Agreement or to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby.  As of the date hereof, neither the Manager nor any subsidiary of the Manager is subject to any order, writ, judgment, injunction, decree, determination or award of any court or of any governmental agency or instrumentality (whether federal, state, local or foreign).
 
Section 5.6 No Broker .  None of the Manager, its Affiliates and any of their respective officers, directors or employees, to the extent applicable, has employed or made any agreement with any broker, finder or similar agent or any other Person which will result in the obligation of the Manager or any of its Affiliates to pay any finder’s fee, brokerage fees or commissions or similar payment in connection with transactions contemplated by the Agreement.
 
Except as set forth in this Article V , the Manager does not make any representation or warranty of any kind, express or implied, and the Company, PAC LP and the Investor acknowledges that it has not relied upon any other such representation or warranty.
 
ARTICLE VI
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PAC LP
 
PAC LP represents and warrants to the Investor, the Company and the Manager as set forth below in this Article VI , which representations and warranties are true and correct as of the date hereof and will (except to the extent expressly relating to a specified date) be true and correct as of the Closing Date:
 
Se ction 6.1 Organization; Authority .  PAC LP has been duly organized and is validly existing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its formation, and has all requisite approvals, licenses, permits and partnership power and authority to enter into this Agreement and, to the extent required under applicable law, is qualified to do business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the nature of its business or the character of its property make such qualification necessary.  The Company has made available to the Investor a true and complete copy of the limited partnership agreement of the PAC LP, as amended through the date hereof.
 
Section 6.2 Due Authorization .  The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement by PAC LP have been duly and validly authorized by all necessary partnership action of PAC LP.  This Agreement constitutes the legal, valid and binding obligation of PAC LP, enforceable against PAC LP in accordance with its terms, as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy or the application of equitable principles.
 
Section 6.3 Consents and Approvals .  No consent, waiver, approval or authorization of any third party or governmental authority or agency is required to be obtained by PAC LP in connection with the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, except any of the foregoing that shall have been obtained or satisfied prior to the Closing Date or the IPO Closing, as applicable.
 

 
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Section 6.4 Non-Contravention .  None of the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement by PAC LP and the consummation by PAC LP of the subscription transactions contemplated hereby will:  (a) result in a default (or an event that, with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under or give to any third party any right of termination, cancellation, amendment or acceleration under, or result in any loss of any material benefit, pursuant to any material agreement, document or instrument to which PAC LP or any of its subsidiaries or any of its or their properties or assets may be bound; (b) violate or conflict with any judgment, order, decree, or law applicable to PAC LP or any of its subsidiaries or any of its or their properties or assets, except as to clauses (a) and (b) for such events that would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect; or (c) result in a breach of any of the terms, conditions or provisions of, the PAC LPA.  No event has occurred and no condition exists which, upon notice or the passage of time (or both), would constitute a default in any material respect under any such agreement, document or instrument to which PAC LP or any of its subsidiaries or any of its or their properties or assets may be bound or in any license, permit or authorization to which PAC LP or any subsidiary is a party or by which any of them may be bound.
 
Section 6.5 No Litigation .  As of the date hereof, there is no action, suit, arbitration or other legal, administrative or other governmental investigation, inquiry or proceeding (whether federal, state, local or foreign) pending or, to PAC LP’s knowledge, threatened against or affecting PAC LP or any subsidiary or any of their respective properties, assets or businesses that, if adversely determined, would have a material adverse effect on (i) the business, properties, assets, liabilities, prospects, profits, financial condition or results of operations (financial or otherwise) of PAC LP, or (ii) the ability of PAC LP to execute or deliver, or perform its obligations under, this Agreement and the other documents executed by it pursuant to this Agreement or to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby.  As of the date hereof, neither PAC LP nor any subsidiary of PAC LP is subject to any order, writ, judgment, injunction, decree, determination or award of any court or of any governmental agency or instrumentality (whether federal, state, local or foreign).
 
Section 6.6 No Broker .  Neither PAC LP nor any of its officers, directors or employees, to the extent applicable, has employed or made any agreement with any broker, finder or similar agent or any other Person which will result in the obligation of the Investor or any of its respective Affiliates to pay any finder’s fee, brokerage fees or commissions or similar payment in connection with transactions contemplated by the Agreement.
 
Except as set forth in this Article VI , PAC LP does not make any representation or warranty of any kind, express or implied, the Company, the Manager and the Investor acknowledges that it has not relied upon any other such representation or warranty.
 

 
13

 


 
ARTICLE VII
MISCELLANEOUS
 
Section 7.1 Defined Terms .  As used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
 
Affiliate ” means any Person, directly or indirectly, controlling, controlled by or under common control with such Person.
 
Agreement ” has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
 
 “ Beneficial Owner ”  has the meaning set forth in Rule 13d-3 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and all correlative terms shall have a correlative meaning.
 
Business Day ” means a day other than a Saturday, Sunday, legal holiday or other day on which banks in the State of New York are required or authorized to close.
 
By-laws ” means, as of a specified date, the Amended and Restated By-laws of the Company as in existence on such date.
 
Charter ” means, as of a specified date, Articles of Restatement and Amendment of the Company as in existence on such date.
 
Closing ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.1
 
Closing Date ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.3 .
 
Closing Documents ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.4 .
 
Code ” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended
 
Common Stock ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.
 
Company ” has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
 
Company Securities ” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.8(a) .
 
include ”, “ includes ”, “ including ” and “ such as ” are to be construed as if followed by the phrase “without limitation”.
 
Investor ” has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
 
IPO ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.
 
IPO Closing ” means the date, time and place of the consummation of the IPO.
 

 
14

 


 
IPO Registration Statement ” means the registration statement filed in connection with the IPO.
 
IPO Share Price ” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1.
 
Manager ” has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
 
Manager LLCA ” means, as of a specified date, the limited liability company agreement of the Manager then in effect.
 
Material Adverse Effect ” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.9 .
 
Notice ” has the meaning set forth in Section 7.14 .
 
Original Agreement  ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.
 
Person ” or “ person ” means an individual, partnership, joint-stock company, corporation, limited liability company, trust, unincorporated organization, or other entity, or a government or agency or political subdivision thereof.
 
PAC LP ” has the meaning set forth in the Preamble.
 
PAC LPA ” means, as of a specified date, the limited partnership agreement of the PAC LP then in effect.
 
Registration Rights Agreement ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.4(b)
 
Regulation D ” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals.
 
REIT ” means a real estate investment trust.
 
SEC ” means the Securities and Exchange Commission.
 
Securities Act ” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
 
Stock Purchase Price ” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1(a) .
 
Transfer ” means to offer, transfer, sell, assign, pledge, hypothecate or otherwise dispose of any securities described in this Agreement.
 
Section 7.2 Information .  The Company may request from the Investor such additional information as the Company reasonably may deem necessary to evaluate the eligibility of the Investor to acquire the Common Stock, and may request from time to time such information as the Company reasonably may deem necessary to determine the eligibility of the Investor to hold the Common Stock, or to enable the Company to determine the Company’s compliance with applicable regulatory requirements or tax status, and the Investor shall provide such information as may reasonably be requested.
 
Section 7.3 Further Assurances .  The Investor and the Company shall take such other actions and execute such additional documents following the Closing as the other may reasonably request in order to effect the transactions contemplated hereby.
 

 
15

 


 
Section 7.4 Counterparts .  This Agreement may be executed (including by facsimile transmission or other electronic signature) with counterpart signature pages or in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.
 
Section 7.5 Governing Law .  This Agreement shall be governed by the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard to the choice of laws provisions thereof.
 
Section 7.6 Amendment; Waiver .  Any amendment hereof shall be in writing and signed by all parties hereto.  No waiver of any provisions of this Agreement shall be valid unless in writing and signed by the party against whom enforcement is sought.
 
Section 7.7 Entire Agreement .  This Agreement (including any exhibits hereto) constitutes the entire agreement and understanding of the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings, both written and oral, among the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof.
 
Section 7.8 Assignability .  This Agreement shall be binding upon, and shall be enforceable by and inure to the benefit of, the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns.  This Agreement may not be assigned (except by operation of law) by any party without the prior written consent of the other party; provided , however , that a party may assign this Agreement to any of its affiliates.  No assignment permitted hereunder shall relieve the assigning party from its obligations under this Agreement.
 
Section 7.9 Titles .  The titles and captions of the Articles, Sections and paragraphs of this Agreement are included for convenience of reference only and shall have no effect on the construction or meaning of this Agreement.
 
Section 7.10 No Third Party Beneficiaries .  No provision of this Agreement is intended, nor shall it be interpreted, to provide or create any third party beneficiary rights or any other rights of any kind in any customer, Affiliate, stockholder, partner, member, director, officer or employee of any party hereto or any other Person.
 
Section 7.11 Severability . If any provision of this Agreement, or the application thereof, is for any reason declared by any court or other judicial or administrative body of competent jurisdiction to be invalid or unenforceable, the remainder of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect.
 
Section 7.12 Reliance .  Each party to this Agreement acknowledges and agrees that it is not relying on tax or legal advice or other advice from any other party to this Agreement, and that it has or will consult with its own tax, legal and other advisors.
 
Section 7.13 Survival of Representations .  It is the express intention and agreement of the parties hereto that the representations and warranties of the Investor, the Company, PAC LP and the Manager set forth in this Agreement shall survive the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby for a period of one year following the Closing, after which such representations and warranties will have no further effect.
 

 
16

 


 
Section 7.14 Notice .  All notices, demands, approvals, consents and other communications provided for or permitted hereunder (each a “ Notice ”) shall be in writing and shall be sent by (a) registered or certified first-class mail (return receipt requested), (b) courier service, (c) personal delivery, or (d) telecopier (provided that, in the case of this clause (d), such Notice also is sent concurrently by another means specified above) as follows:
 
To the Company :
 
Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
3625 Cumberland Boulevard, Suite 400
Atlanta, GA 30339
Phone: (770) 818-4100
Facsimile: (770) 818-4105
Attn:  Leonard A. Silverstein, Esq.


with a copy (which shall not constitute Notice) to:

Proskauer Rose LLP
Eleven Times Square
New York, NY 10036
Facsimile: (212) 969-2900
Attention:  Peter M. Fass, Esq.
                    James P. Gerkis, Esq.

To the Manager:

Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC
3625 Cumberland Boulevard, Suite 400
Atlanta, GA 30339
Phone: (770) 818-4100
Facsimile: (770) 818-4105
Attention:  Leonard A. Silverstein, Esq.

with a copy (which shall not constitute Notice) to:

Proskauer Rose LLP
Eleven Times Square
New York, NY 10036
Facsimile: (212) 969-2900
Attention:  Peter M. Fass, Esq.
                    James P. Gerkis, Esq.


TO PAC LP :

Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, L.P.

 
17

 


3625 Cumberland Boulevard, Suite 400
Atlanta, GA  30339
Phone: (770) 818-4100
Facsimile: (770) 818-4105
Attention:  Leonard A. Silverstein, Esq.

with a copy (which shall not constitute Notice) to:

Proskauer Rose LLP
Eleven Times Square
New York, NY 10036
Facsimile: (212) 969-2900
Attention:  Peter M. Fass, Esq.
                    James P. Gerkis, Esq.

To the Investor :

Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC
c/o Williams Realty Advisors, LLC
3625 Cumberland Boulevard, Suite 400
Atlanta, GA 30339
Phone: (770) 818-4100
Facsimile: (770) 818-4105
Attn:  Leonard A. Silverstein, Esq.

with a copy (which shall not constitute Notice) to:

Proskauer Rose LLP
Eleven Times Square
New York, NY 10036
Facsimile: (212) 969-2900
Attention:  Peter M. Fass, Esq.
                    James P. Gerkis, Esq.


Each Notice shall be deemed to have been duly given and effective upon actual receipt.  Any party may by Notice to the other parties given in accordance with this Section 7.14 designate another address or person for receipt of Notices hereunder.   If the address of a party has changed, then such party promptly shall by Notice to the other parties given in accordance with this Section 7.14 designate a new address for receipt of Notices hereunder.  For the avoidance of doubt, if a Notice given in accordance with this Section 7.14 to a party is returned to the sender as being refused or undeliverable (or having a similar status), then such Notice to such party shall be deemed to have been duly given and effective on the date that such Notice was originally sent.
 
[signature pages to follow]

 
18

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement as of the date first written above.

PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES, INC.
 
By:      /s/ John A. Williams                                                       
            John A. Williams
            President and Chief Executive Officer
 

PREFERRED APARTMENT ADVISORS, LLC
 
By:      /s/ John A. Williams                                                       
           John A. Williams
           President and Chief Executive Officer

 
PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P.
 
By:     Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
     Its General Partner
 
By:      /s/ John A. Williams                                                       
John A. Williams
President and Chief Executive Officer
 
WILLIAMS OPPORTUNITY FUND, LLC
 
By:     Williams Opportunity Fund Manager, LLC
Its Manager

By:      Williams Realty Advisors, LLC
Its Manager

By:      /s/ John A. Williams                                                       
           John A. Williams
           Chief Executive Officer

 

Signature Page to Subscription Agreement
 
 
 

 
.
 

EXHIBIT A

FORM OF REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT

 
 

 

FORM OF REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT
 
dated as of [               ], 2011
 
among
 
PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES, INC.
 
and
 
THE SHAREHOLDERS PARTY HERETO
 
 
1

 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
   
PAGE
ARTICLE 1 DEFINITIONS
 
   
 
Definitions .
1
 
Other Definitional and Interpretative Provisions.
4
     
ARTICLE 2 REGISTRATION RIGHTS
 
   
Section 2.01.
Piggyback Registration.
5
 
Registration Procedures.
6
 
Participation In Public Offering.
9
 
Rule 144 Sales; Cooperation By The Company.
9
 
Termination.
10
     
ARTICLE 3 INDEMNIFICATION AND CONTRIBUTION
 
   
 
Indemnification by the Company.
10
 
Indemnification by Participating Shareholders.
11
 
Conduct of Indemnification Proceedings .
11
 
Contribution.
12
 
Other Indemnification.
13
     
ARTICLE 4 MISCELLANEOUS
 
   
Section 4.01.
Binding Effect; Assignability
13
 
Notices.
14
 
Waiver; Amendment; Termination.
14
 
Governing Law.
15
 
Jurisdiction.
15
 
WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL.
15
 
Specific Enforcement.
15
 
Counterparts; Effectiveness.
15
 
Entire Agreement.
16
 
Severability.
16
 
Independent Nature of Shareholders’ Obligations and Rights.
16
 
 
 
Exhibit A                      Joinder Agreement
 
 
 
2

 

REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT
 
THIS REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT dated as of [                      ], 2011 (this “ Agreement ”), among Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the “ Company ”), and the Shareholder or Shareholders party hereto or bound hereby, including any Permitted Transferees (collectively, the “ Shareholders ”).
 
In consideration of the mutual promises made herein and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which hereby are acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows:
 
ARTICLE 1
Definitions
 
Section 1.01.     Definitions.
 
  i) The following terms, as used herein, have the following meanings:
 
Affiliate ” means, with respect to any Person, any other Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with such Person, provided that no securityholder of the Company shall be deemed an Affiliate of any other securityholder solely by reason of any investment in the Company.  For the purpose of this definition, the term “ control ” (including, with correlative meanings, the terms “ controlling ”, “ controlled by ” and “ under common control with ”), as used with respect to any Person, shall mean the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise.
 
Board ” means the board of directors of the Company.
 
Business Day ” means any day except a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in New York City are authorized by law to close.
 
Common Shares ” means shares of Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company and any stock into which such Common Shares may thereafter be converted or changed.
 
Company Securities ” means the Common Shares and, for purposes of the definitions of “Permitted Transferees” and “Transfer”, also shall mean any other securities of the Company or Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, L.P. that are convertible or exercisable into or exchangeable for Common Shares.
 
Exchange Act ” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
 
FINRA ” means the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (formerly, the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc.) and any successor thereto.
 
 
3

 
 
First Public Offering ” means the Company’s initial Public Offering.
 
Permitted Transferee ” means in the case of any Shareholder, a Person to whom Registrable Securities are Transferred by such Shareholder; provided , however ,   that (i) such Transfer does not violate any agreements between such Shareholder and the Company or any of the Company’s subsidiaries, (ii) such Transfer is not made in a registered offering or pursuant to Rule 144, and (iii) such transferee shall only be a Permitted Transferee if and to the extent the transferor designates the transferee as a Permitted Transferee entitled to rights hereunder pursuant to Section 4.01(b)
 
Person ” means an individual, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association, trust or other entity or organization, including a government or political subdivision or an agency or instrumentality thereof.
 
Public Offering ” means an underwritten public offering of Registrable Securities of the Company pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act, other than pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-4 or Form S-8 or any similar or successor form.
 
Registering Shareholder ” means a Shareholder whose Registrable Securities are to be registered by the Company.
 
Registrable Securities ” means, at any time, any Company Securities and any other securities issued or issuable by the Company or any of its successors or assigns in respect of any such Company Securities by way of conversion, exchange, exercise, dividend, split, reverse split, combination, recapitalization, reclassification, merger, amalgamation, consolidation, sale of assets, other reorganization or otherwise.
 
Registration Expenses ” means any and all expenses incident to the Company’s performance of, or compliance with, obligations under Section 2.01 , including all (i) registration and filing fees, and all other fees and expenses payable in connection with the listing of securities on any securities exchange or automated interdealer quotation system, (ii) fees and expenses of compliance with any securities or “blue sky” laws (including reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel in connection with “blue sky” qualifications of the securities registered), (iii) expenses in connection with the preparation, printing, mailing and delivery of any registration statements, prospectuses and other documents in connection therewith and any amendments or supplements thereto, (iv) security engraving and printing expenses, (v) internal expenses of the Company (including all salaries and expenses of its officers and employees performing legal or accounting duties), (vi) reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel for the Company and customary fees and expenses for independent certified public accountants retained by the Company (including the expenses relating to any comfort letters or costs associated with the delivery by independent certified public accountants of any comfort letters requested pursuant to Section 2.02(h) ), (vii) reasonable fees and expenses of any special experts retained by the Company in connection with such registration, (viii) reasonable fees, out-of-pocket costs and expenses of one counsel for all the Shareholders participating in the offering (not to exceed $25,000) selected by the Shareholders holding the majority of the Registrable Securities to be sold for the account of all Shareholders in the offering, (ix) fees and expenses in connection with any review by FINRA of the underwriting arrangements or other terms of the offering, and all fees and expenses of any “qualified independent underwriter,” including the fees and expenses of any counsel thereto, (x) fees and disbursements of underwriters customarily paid by issuers or sellers of securities, but excluding any underwriting fees, discounts and commissions attributable to the sale of Registrable Securities, (xi) costs of printing and producing any agreements among underwriters, underwriting agreements, any “blue sky” or legal investment memoranda and any selling agreements and other documents in connection with the offering, sale or delivery of the Registrable Securities, (xii) transfer agents’ and registrars’ fees and expenses and the fees and expenses of any other agent or trustee appointed in connection with such offering, (xiii) expenses relating to any analyst or investor presentations undertaken in connection with the registration, marketing or selling of the Registrable Securities, and (xiv) all out-of pocket costs and expenses incurred by the Company or its appropriate officers in connection with their compliance with Section 2.02(m) .  Except as set forth in clause (viii) above, Registration Expenses shall not include any out-of-pocket expenses of the Shareholders (or the agents who manage their accounts).
 
 
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Rule 144 ” means Rule 144 (or any successor or similar provisions) under the Securities Act.
 
SEC ” means the Securities and Exchange Commission.
 
Securities Act ” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
 
Shareholder ” means at any time, any Person (other than the Company) who shall then be a party to or bound by this Agreement, so long as such Person shall “beneficially own” (as such term is defined in Rule 13d-3 of the Exchange Act) any Company Securities.
 
Transfer ” means, with respect to any Company Securities, (i) when used as a verb, to sell, assign, dispose of, exchange, pledge, encumber, hypothecate or otherwise transfer such Company Securities or any participation or interest therein, whether directly or indirectly, or agree or commit to do any of the foregoing, and (ii) when used as a noun, a direct or indirect sale, assignment, disposition, exchange, pledge, encumbrance, hypothecation, or other transfer of such Company Securities or any participation or interest therein or any agreement or commitment to do any of the foregoing.
 
(b)           Each of the following terms is defined in the Section set forth opposite such term:
 
 
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Term
Section
Agreement
Preamble
Company
Preamble
Damages
3.01
Indemnified Party
3.03
Indemnifying Party
3.03
Inspectors
2.02(g)
Joinder Agreement
4.01(b)
Maximum Offering Size
2.01(b)
Notice
4.02
Piggyback Registration
2.02(a)
Records
2.02(g)
Rule 144A
2.04(b)
Shareholders
Preamble
 
Section 1.02.     Other Definitional and Interpretative Provisions.   The words “hereof”, “herein” and “hereunder” and words of like import used in this Agreement shall refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular provision of this Agreement.  The captions herein are included for convenience of reference only and shall be ignored in the construction or interpretation hereof.  References to Articles, Sections or Exhibits are to Articles, Sections and Exhibits of this Agreement unless otherwise specified.  All Exhibits annexed hereto or referred to herein are hereby incorporated in and made a part of this Agreement as if set forth in full herein.  Any capitalized term used in any Exhibit but not otherwise defined therein shall have the meaning as defined in this Agreement.  Any singular term in this Agreement shall be deemed to include the plural, and any plural term the singular.  Whenever the words “include”, “includes” or “including” are used in this Agreement, they shall be deemed to be followed by the words “without limitation”, whether or not they are in fact followed by those words or words of like import.  “Writing”, “written” and comparable terms refer to printing, typing and other means of reproducing words (including electronic media) in a visible form.  References to any agreement or contract are to that agreement or contract as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof.  References to any Person include the successors and permitted assigns of that Person.  References from or through any date mean, unless otherwise specified, from and including or through and including, respectively.
 
 
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ARTICLE 2
Registration Rights
 
Section 2.01.     Piggyback Registration. (a)           If the Company proposes to register any Company Securities (whether for its own account or for the account of other holders) under the Securities Act (other than a registration on Form S-8 or S-4, or any successor or similar forms, relating to Common Shares issuable upon exercise of employee stock options or in connection with any employee benefit or similar plan of the Company or in connection with a direct or indirect acquisition by the Company of another Person), whether or not for sale for its own account or for the account of another Person, the Company shall each such time give prompt written notice at least 20 Business Days prior to the anticipated filing date of the registration statement relating to such registration to each Shareholder, which written notice shall set forth such Shareholder’s rights under this Section 2.01 and shall offer such Shareholder the opportunity to include in such registration statement the number of Registrable Securities of the same class or series as those proposed to be registered as each such Shareholder may request (a “ Piggyback Registration ”), subject to the provisions of Section 2.01(b) .  Upon the request of any such Shareholder made within ten Business Days after the receipt of written notice from the Company (which request shall specify the number of Registrable Securities intended to be registered by such Shareholder), the Company shall use all reasonable best efforts to effect the registration under the Securities Act of all Registrable Securities that the Company has been so requested to register by all such Shareholders, to the extent required to permit the disposition of the Registrable Securities so to be registered; provided , however , that if, at any time after giving notice of its intention to register any Company Securities pursuant to this Section 2.01 and prior to the effective date of the registration statement filed in connection with such registration, the Company shall determine for any reason not to register such securities, the Company shall give written notice to all such Shareholders and, thereupon, shall be relieved of its obligation to register any Registrable Securities in connection with such registration.  The Company shall pay all Registration Expenses in connection with each Piggyback Registration.
 
(b)           If a Piggyback Registration involves an underwritten Public Offering and the managing underwriter advises the Company that, in its view, the number of Shares that the Company and such Shareholders intend to include in such registration exceeds the largest number of shares that can be sold without having an adverse effect on such offering (the “Maximum Offering Size”), the Company shall include in such registration, in the following priority, up to the Maximum Offering Size:
 
(i)            first , so much of the Company Securities proposed to be registered for the account of the Company (or, if such registration is pursuant to a demand by a Person that is not a Shareholder, for the account of such other Person) as would not cause the offering to exceed the Maximum Offering Size,
 
 
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(ii)            second , all Registrable Securities requested to be included in such registration by any Shareholders pursuant to this Section 2.01 (allocated, if necessary for the offering not to exceed the Maximum Offering Size, pro rata among such Shareholders on the basis of the relative number of shares of Registrable Securities so requested to be included in such registration by each), and
 
(iii)            third , any securities proposed to be registered for the account of any other Persons with such priorities among them as the Company shall determine.
 
Section 2.02.     Registration Procedures.   Whenever Shareholders request that any Registrable Securities be registered pursuant to Section 2.01 , subject to the provisions of such Section, the Company shall use all reasonable best efforts to effect the registration and the sale of such Registrable Securities in accordance with the intended method of disposition thereof as quickly as practicable, and, in connection with any such request:
 
(a)           The Company shall as expeditiously as possible prepare and file with the SEC a registration statement on any form for which the Company then qualifies or that counsel for the Company shall deem appropriate and which form shall be available for the sale of the Registrable Securities to be registered thereunder in accordance with the intended method of distribution thereof, but no later than (i) 90 days after its receipt of a request for a registration in the case of a registration on any applicable long-form registration statement, or (ii) 45 days after its receipt of a request for registration in the case of a registration on any applicable short-form registration statement, and use all reasonable best efforts to cause such filed registration statement to become and remain effective for a period of not less than 180 days, except in the case of any registration of Registrable Securities on a short-form registration statement which are intended to be offered on a continuous or delayed basis, such 180-day period shall be extended until all such Registrable Securities are sold, provided that Rule 415, or any successor rule under the Securities Act, permits an offering on a continuous or delayed basis.  Any such registration statement shall be an automatically effective registration statement to the extent permitted by the SEC’s rules and regulations.
 
(b)           Prior to filing a registration statement or prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto (other than any report filed pursuant to the Exchange Act that is incorporated by reference therein), the Company shall  furnish to each participating Shareholder and each underwriter, if any, of the Registrable Securities covered by such registration statement copies of such registration statement as proposed to be filed, and provide each such participating Shareholder with a reasonable period of time to comment thereon, and thereafter the Company shall furnish to such Shareholder and underwriter, if any, such number of copies of such registration statement, each amendment and supplement thereto (in each case including all exhibits thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein), the prospectus included in such registration statement (including each preliminary prospectus and any summary prospectus) and any other prospectus filed under Rule 424, Rule 430A, Rule 430B or Rule 430C under the Securities Act and such other documents as such Shareholder or underwriter may reasonably request in order to facilitate the disposition of the Registrable Securities owned by such Shareholder.
 
 
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(c)           After the filing of the registration statement, the Company shall (i) cause the related prospectus to be supplemented by any required prospectus supplement and, as so supplemented, to be filed pursuant to Rule 424 under the Securities Act, (ii) comply with the provisions of the Securities Act with respect to the disposition of all Registrable Securities covered by such registration statement during the applicable period in accordance with the intended methods of disposition by the Shareholders thereof set forth in such registration statement or supplement to such prospectus, and (iii) promptly notify each Shareholder holding Registrable Securities covered by such registration statement of any stop order issued or threatened by the SEC or any state securities commission and take all reasonable actions required to prevent the entry of such stop order or to remove it if entered.
 
(d)           The Company shall use all reasonable best efforts to (i) register or qualify the Registrable Securities covered by such registration statement under such other securities or “blue sky” laws of such jurisdictions in the United States as any Registering Shareholder holding such Registrable Securities reasonably (in light of such Shareholder’s intended plan of distribution) requests and (ii) cause such Registrable Securities to be registered with or approved by such other governmental agencies or authorities as may be necessary by virtue of the business and operations of the Company and do any and all other acts and things that may be reasonably necessary or advisable to enable such Shareholder to consummate the disposition of the Registrable Securities owned by such Shareholder; provided , however , that the Company shall not be required to (A) qualify generally to do business in any jurisdiction where it would not otherwise be required to qualify but for this Section 2.02(d) , (B) subject itself to taxation in any such jurisdiction, or (C) consent to general service of process in any such jurisdiction.
 
(e)           The Company shall immediately notify each Shareholder holding such Registrable Securities covered by such registration statement, at any time when a prospectus relating thereto is required to be delivered under the Securities Act, of the occurrence of an event requiring the preparation of a supplement or amendment to such prospectus so that, as thereafter delivered to the purchasers of such Registrable Securities, such prospectus will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading and promptly prepare and make available to each such Shareholder and file with the SEC any such supplement or amendment.
 
(f)           In connection with any Public Offering, the Company shall enter into customary agreements (including an underwriting agreement in customary form) and take such all other actions as are reasonably required in order to expedite or facilitate the disposition of such Registrable Securities in any such Public Offering, and cooperate with each Registering Shareholder and the underwriters, if any, of such Registrable Securities and their respective counsel in connection with any filings required to be made with FINRA;
 
 
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(g)           Upon execution of confidentiality agreements in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Company, the Company shall make available for inspection by any Shareholder and any underwriter participating in any disposition pursuant to a registration statement being filed by the Company pursuant to this Section 2.02 and any attorney, accountant or other professional retained by any such Shareholder or underwriter (collectively, the “ Inspectors ”), all financial and other records, pertinent corporate documents and properties of the Company (collectively, the “ Records ”) as shall be reasonably necessary or desirable to enable any of the Inspectors to exercise its due diligence responsibility, and cause the Company’s officers, directors and employees to supply all information reasonably requested by any Inspectors in connection with such registration statement.  Records that the Company determines, in good faith, to be confidential and that it notifies the Inspectors are confidential shall not be disclosed by the Inspectors unless (i) the disclosure of such Records is necessary to avoid or correct a misstatement or omission in such registration statement or (ii) the release of such Records is ordered pursuant to a subpoena or other order from a court of competent jurisdiction.  Each Shareholder further agrees that, upon learning that disclosure of such Records is sought in a court of competent jurisdiction, it shall give notice to the Company and allow the Company, at its expense, to undertake appropriate action to prevent disclosure of the Records deemed confidential.
 
(h)           The Company shall use reasonable best efforts to furnish to each Registering Shareholder and to each such underwriter, if any, a signed counterpart, addressed to such Shareholder or underwriter, of (i) an opinion or opinions of counsel to the Company, and (ii) a comfort letter or comfort letters from the Company’s independent public accountants, each in customary form and covering such matters of the kind customarily covered by opinions or comfort letters, as the case may be, as the Shareholders holding the majority of the Registrable Securities to be sold for the account of all Shareholders in the offering or the managing underwriter therefor reasonably requests.
 
(i)           The Company shall otherwise use all reasonable best efforts to comply with all applicable rules and regulations of the SEC, and make available to its security holders, as soon as reasonably practicable, an earnings statement or such other document covering a period of 12 months, beginning within three months after the effective date of the registration statement, which earnings statement satisfies the requirements of Rule 158 under the Securities Act.
 
(j)           The Company may require each Shareholder promptly to furnish in writing to the Company such information regarding the distribution of the Registrable Securities as the Company may from time to time reasonably request and such other information as may be legally required in connection with such registration.
 
 
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(k)           Each Shareholder agrees that, upon receipt of any notice from the Company of the happening of any event of the kind described in Section 2.02(e) , such Shareholder shall forthwith discontinue disposition of Registrable Securities pursuant to the registration statement covering such Registrable Securities until such Shareholder’s receipt of the copies of the supplemented or amended prospectus contemplated by Section 2.02(e) , and, if so directed by the Company, such Shareholder shall deliver to the Company all copies, other than any permanent file copies then in such Shareholder’s possession, of the most recent prospectus covering such Registrable Securities at the time of receipt of such notice.  If the Company shall give such notice, the Company shall extend the period during which such registration statement shall be maintained effective (including the period referred to in Section 2.02(a) ) by the number of days during the period from and including the date of the giving of notice pursuant to Section 2.02(e) to the date when the Company shall make available to such Shareholder a prospectus supplemented or amended to conform with the requirements of Section 2.02(e) .
 
(l)           The Company shall use all reasonable best efforts to list all Registrable Securities covered by such registration statement on any securities exchange or quotation system on which the Common Shares are then listed or traded.
 
(m)           The Company shall have appropriate senior executive officers of the Company (i) prepare and make presentations at any “road shows” and before analysts, and (ii) otherwise use their reasonable efforts to cooperate as reasonably requested by the underwriters in the offering, marketing or selling of the Registrable Securities.
 
Section 2.03.     Participation In Public Offering.   No Shareholder may participate in any Public Offering hereunder unless such Shareholder (a) agrees to sell such Shareholder’s Registrable Securities on the basis provided in any underwriting arrangements approved by the Persons entitled hereunder to approve such arrangements, and (b) completes and executes all questionnaires, powers of attorney, indemnities, underwriting agreements and other documents reasonably required under the terms of such underwriting arrangements and the provisions of this Agreement in respect of registration rights.
 
Section 2.04.     Rule 144 Sales; Cooperation By The Company.   If any Shareholder shall transfer any Registrable Securities pursuant to Rule 144 or Rule 144A, the Company shall cooperate, to the extent commercially reasonable, with such Shareholder and shall provide to such Shareholder such information as such Shareholder shall reasonably request.  Without limiting the foregoing, the Company shall:
 
(a)           at any time after any of the Company’s shares of capital stock are registered under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act:  (i) make and keep available public information, as those terms are contemplated by Rule 144; (ii) timely file with the SEC all reports and other documents required to be filed under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act; and (iii) furnish to each Shareholder forthwith upon request a written statement by the Company as to its compliance with the reporting requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, a copy of the most recent annual or quarterly report of the Company, and such other information as such Shareholder may reasonably request in order to avail itself of any rule or regulation of the SEC allowing such Shareholder to sell any Registrable Securities without registration; and
 
 
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(b)           each Shareholder of Registrable Securities and each prospective Shareholder of Registrable Securities who may consider acquiring Registrable Securities in reliance upon Rule 144A under the Securities Act (or any successor or similar rule then in force) (“ Rule 144A ”) shall have the right to request from the Company, and the Company will provide upon such request, such information regarding the Company and its business, assets and properties, if any, as is at the time required to be made available by the Company under Rule 144A so as to enable such Shareholder to transfer Registrable Securities to such prospective Shareholder in reliance upon Rule 144A.
 
Section 2.05.     Termination.   The registration rights set forth in ARTICLE 2 shall not be available (i) as to any Shareholder that beneficially owns less than 5% of the Company’s outstanding securities if, in the written opinion of counsel to the Company, all of the Registrable Securities then owned by such Shareholder could be sold in any 90-day period pursuant to Rule 144, or (ii) as to any Shareholder, if all of the Registrable Securities held by such Shareholder have been sold in a registration pursuant to the Securities Act or an exemption therefrom.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, Sections 3 and 4 shall survive any termination of this Agreement.
 
ARTICLE 3
Indemnification and Contribution
 
Section 3.01.     Indemnification by the Company.   With respect to each registration effected pursuant to Article 2 hereof, the Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless, to the fullest extent permitted by law, (i) each of the Registering Shareholders in such registration and each of its officers, directors, limited or general partners and members thereof,  and (ii) each of their respective Affiliates, officers, directors, members, partners, shareholders, employees, advisors, and agents and each Person who controls (within the meaning of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act) such Persons, against any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities, fines, penalties, judgments, suits, costs and expenses (including reasonable expenses of investigation and reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses) (collectively, “ Damages ”) caused by or relating to any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any registration statement or prospectus (including any exhibits, financial information and material incorporated by reference therein) relating to the Registrable Securities (as amended or supplemented if the Company shall have furnished any amendments or supplements thereto) or any preliminary prospectus or free-writing prospectus (as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act), or caused by or relating to any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, except insofar as such Damages are caused by or related to any such untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission so made based upon information furnished in writing to the Company by such Shareholder or on such Shareholder’s behalf expressly for use therein.  The Company also agrees to indemnify any underwriters of the Registrable Securities, their officers and directors and each Person who controls such underwriters within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act on substantially the same basis as that of the indemnification of the Shareholders provided in this Section 3.01 .
 
 
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Section 3.02.     Indemnification by Participating Shareholders.   Each Shareholder holding Registrable Securities included in any registration statement agrees, severally but not jointly, to indemnify and hold harmless, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the Company, its officers, directors and agents and each Person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, to the same extent as the indemnity from the Company to such Shareholder provided in Section 3.01 , but only with respect to information furnished in writing by such Shareholder or on such Shareholder’s behalf expressly for use in any registration statement or prospectus (including any exhibits, financial information and material incorporated by reference therein) relating to the Registrable Securities, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or any preliminary prospectus or free-writing prospectus.  Each such Shareholder also agrees to indemnify and hold harmless underwriters of the Registrable Securities, their officers and directors and each Person who controls such underwriters within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act on substantially the same basis as that of the indemnification of the Company provided in this Section 3.02 .  As a condition to including Registrable Securities in any registration statement filed in accordance with ARTICLE 2 , the Company may require that it shall have received an undertaking reasonably satisfactory to it from any underwriter to indemnify and hold it harmless to the extent customarily provided by underwriters with respect to similar securities.  No Shareholder shall be liable under this Section 3.02 for any Damages in excess of the net proceeds realized by such Shareholder in the sale of Registrable Securities of such Shareholder to which such Damages relate.
 
Section 3.03.     Conduct of Indemnification Proceedings.   If any proceeding (including any governmental investigation) shall be instituted involving any Person in respect of which indemnity may be sought pursuant to this ARTICLE 3 , such Person (an “ Indemnified Party ”) shall promptly notify the Person against whom such indemnity may be sought (the “ Indemnifying Party ”) in writing and the Indemnifying Party shall assume the defense thereof, including the employment of counsel reasonably satisfactory to such Indemnified Party, and shall assume the payment of all fees and expenses, provided that the failure of any Indemnified Party so to notify the Indemnifying Party shall not relieve the Indemnifying Party of its obligations hereunder except to the extent that the Indemnifying Party is materially prejudiced by such failure to notify.  In any such proceeding, any Indemnified Party shall have the right to retain its own counsel, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Indemnified Party unless (a) the Indemnifying Party and the Indemnified Party shall have mutually agreed to the retention of such counsel, (b) in the reasonable judgment of such Indemnified Party representation of both parties by the same counsel would be inappropriate due to actual or potential differing interests between them, including one or more defenses or counterclaims that are different from or in addition to those available to the Indemnifying Party, or (c) the Indemnifying Party shall have failed to assume the defense within 30 days of notice pursuant to this Section 3.03 .  It is understood that, in connection with any proceeding or related proceedings in the same jurisdiction, the Indemnifying Party shall not be liable for the reasonable fees and expenses of more than one separate firm of attorneys (in addition to any local counsel) at any time for all such Indemnified Parties, and that all such fees and expenses shall be reimbursed as they are incurred.  In the case of any such separate firm for the Indemnified Parties, such firm shall be designated in writing by the Indemnified Parties.  The Indemnifying Party shall not be liable for any settlement of any proceeding effected without its written consent, but if settled with such consent, or if there be a final judgment for the plaintiff, the Indemnifying Party shall indemnify and hold harmless such Indemnified Parties from and against any loss or liability (to the extent stated above) by reason of such settlement or judgment.  Without the prior written consent of the Indemnified Party, no Indemnifying Party shall effect any settlement of any pending or threatened proceeding in respect of which any Indemnified Party is or could have been a party and indemnity could have been sought hereunder by such Indemnified Party, unless such settlement (A) includes an unconditional release of such Indemnified Party from all liability arising out of such proceeding, and (B) does not include any injunctive or other equitable or non-monetary relief applicable to or affecting such Indemnified Person.
 
 
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Section 3.04.     Contribution.   If the indemnification provided for in this ARTICLE 3 is unavailable to the Indemnified Parties in respect of any Damages, then each Indemnifying Party, in lieu of indemnifying the Indemnified Parties, shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such Indemnified Party, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative fault of the Indemnifying Party and Indemnified Party in connection with the actions, statements or omissions that resulted in such Damages as well as any other relevant equitable considerations.  The relative fault of such Indemnifying Party and Indemnified Party shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether any action in question, including any untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission of a material fact, has been taken or made by, or relates to information supplied by, such Indemnifying Party or Indemnified Party, and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such action, statement or omission.  The amount paid or payable by a party as a result of any Damages shall be deemed to include, subject to the limitations set forth in this Agreement, any reasonable attorneys’ or other reasonable fees or expenses incurred by such party in connection with any proceeding to the extent such party would have been indemnified for such fees or expenses if the indemnification provided for in this ARTICLE 3 was available to such party in accordance with its terms.
 
The parties hereto agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 3.04 were determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation that does not take into account the equitable considerations referred to in the immediately preceding paragraph.  Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 3.04 , no Shareholder shall be required to contribute, in the aggregate, any amount in excess of the amount by which the proceeds actually received by such Shareholder from the sale of the Registrable Securities subject to the proceeding exceeds the amount of any damages that such Shareholder has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission, except in the case of fraud by such Shareholder.  Each Shareholder’s obligation to contribute pursuant to this Section 3.04 is several in the proportion that the proceeds of the offering received by such Shareholder bears to the total proceeds of the offering received by all such Shareholders and not joint.
 
 
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No Person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any Person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.  The indemnity and contribution agreements contained in this ARTICLE 3 are in addition to any liability that the Indemnifying Parties may have to the Indemnified Parties.
 
Section 3.05.     Other Indemnification.   Indemnification similar to that provided in this ARTICLE 3 (with appropriate modifications) shall be given by the Company and each Shareholder participating therein with respect to any required registration or other qualification of securities under any foreign, federal or state law or regulation or governmental authority other than the Securities Act.
 
ARTICLE 4
Miscellaneous
 
Section 4.01.     Binding Effect; Assignability
 
(a)           This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the parties hereto and their respective heirs, successors, legal representatives and permitted assigns.  Any Shareholder that ceases to own beneficially any Company Securities shall cease to be bound by the terms hereof (other than (i) the provisions of ARTICLE 3 applicable to such Shareholder with respect to any offering of Registrable Securities completed before the date such Shareholder ceased to own any Company Securities, and (ii) this ARTICLE 4 ).
 
(b)           Neither this Agreement nor any right, remedy, obligation or liability arising hereunder or by reason hereof shall be assignable by any party hereto pursuant to any Transfer of Registrable Securities or otherwise, except that each Shareholder may assign rights hereunder to any Permitted Transferee of such Shareholder.  Any such Permitted Transferee shall (unless already bound hereby) execute and deliver to the Company an agreement to be bound by this Agreement in the form of Exhibit A hereto (a “ Joinder Agreement ”) and shall thenceforth be a Shareholder.
 
(c)           Nothing in this Agreement, expressed or implied, is intended to confer on any Person other than the parties hereto, and their respective heirs, successors, legal representatives and permitted assigns, any rights, remedies, obligations or liabilities under or by reason of this Agreement.
 
 
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Section 4.02.     Notices.
 
  All notices, demands, approvals, consents and other communications provided for or permitted hereunder (each a “ Notice ”) shall be in writing and shall be sent by (a) registered or certified first-class mail (return receipt requested), (b) courier service, (c) personal delivery, or (d) telecopier (provided that, in the case of this clause (d), such Notice also is sent concurrently by another means specified above) as follows:
 
if to the Company to:
 
Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
3625 Cumberland Boulevard, Suite 400
Atlanta, GA 30339
Phone: (770) 818-4100
Facsimile: (770) 818-4105
Attention:  Leonard A. Silverstein, Esq.
 
with a copy (which shall not constitute Notice) to:
 
Proskauer Rose LLP
Eleven Times Square
New York, NY 10036
Facsimile:  (212) 969-2900
Attention:  Peter M. Fass, Esq.
James P. Gerkis, Esq.
if to any Shareholder, at the address for such Shareholder listed on the signature pages below or otherwise provided to the Company as set forth below.
 
Each Notice shall be deemed to have been duly given and effective upon actual receipt (or refusal of receipt).  Any party may by Notice to the other parties given in accordance with this Section 4.02 designate another address or person for receipt of Notices hereunder.  If the address of a party has changed, then such party promptly shall by Notice to the other parties given in accordance with this Section 4.02 designate a new address for receipt of Notices hereunder.  For the avoidance of doubt, if a Notice given in accordance with this Section 4.02 to a party is returned to the sender as being refused or undeliverable (or having a similar status), then such Notice to such party shall be deemed to have been duly given and effective on the date that such Notice was originally sent.
 
 
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Any Person that becomes a Shareholder after the date hereof shall provide its address and fax number to the Company.
 
Section 4.03.     Waiver; Amendment; Termination.
 
  No provision of this Agreement may be waived except by an instrument in writing executed by the party against whom the waiver is to be effective.  No provision of this Agreement may be amended or otherwise modified except (i) prior to the First Public Offering, by an instrument in writing executed by all the parties hereto, and (ii) after the First Public Offering, by an instrument in writing executed by the Company and the holders of at least 75% of the Registrable Securities held by the parties hereto at the time of such proposed amendment or modification.
 
Section 4.04.     Governing Law.
 
  This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed and enforced in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York, without regard to the conflicts of laws rules of such state.
 
Section 4.05.     Jurisdiction.
 
  The parties hereby agree that any suit, action or proceeding seeking to enforce any provision of, or based on any matter arising out of or in connection with, this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby shall be brought in any state or federal court in The City of New York, Borough of Manhattan, so long as one of such courts shall have subject matter jurisdiction over such suit, action or proceeding, and that any cause of action arising out of this Agreement shall be deemed to have arisen from a transaction of business in the State of New York, and each of the parties hereby irrevocably consents to the jurisdiction of such courts (and of the appropriate appellate courts therefrom) in any such suit, action or proceeding and irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any objection that it may now or hereafter have to the laying of the venue of any such suit, action or proceeding in any such court or that any such suit, action or proceeding which is brought in any such court has been brought in an inconvenient form.  Process in any such suit, action or proceeding may be served on any party anywhere in the world, whether within or without the jurisdiction of any such court.  Without limiting the foregoing, each party agrees that service of process on such party as provided in Section 4.02 shall be deemed effective service of process on such party.
 
Section 4.06.     WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL.
 
  EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY.
 
Section 4.07.     Specific Enforcement.
 
  Each party hereto acknowledges that the remedies at law of the other parties for a breach or threatened breach of this Agreement would be inadequate and, in recognition of this fact, any party to this Agreement, without posting any bond or furnishing other security, and in addition to all other remedies that may be available, shall be entitled to obtain equitable relief in the form of specific performance, a temporary restraining order, a temporary or permanent injunction or any other equitable remedy that may then be available.
 
Section 4.08.     Counterparts; Effectiveness.
 
  This Agreement may be executed (including by facsimile transmission) with counterpart signature pages or in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, and all of which shall, taken together, be considered one and the same agreement, it being understood that each party need not sign the same counterpart.  This Agreement shall become effective when each party hereto shall have executed and delivered this Agreement.  Until and unless each party has executed and delivered this Agreement, this Agreement shall have no effect and no party shall have any right or obligation hereunder (whether by virtue of any other oral or written agreement or other communication).
 
 
17

 
 
Section 4.09.     Entire Agreement.
 
  This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement and understanding among the parties hereto and supersedes all prior and contemporaneous agreements and understandings, both oral and written, among the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof.
 
Section 4.10.     Severability.
 
  If any provision of this Agreement, or the application thereof, is for any reason declared by any court or other judicial or administrative body of competent jurisdiction to be invalid or unenforceable, the remainder of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect.
 
Section 4.11.     Independent Nature of Shareholders’ Obligations and Rights.
 
  The obligations of each Shareholder hereunder are several and not joint with the obligations of any other Shareholder hereunder, and no Shareholder shall be responsible in any way for the performance of the obligations of any other Shareholder hereunder.  Nothing contained herein or in any other agreement or document delivered at any closing, and no action taken by any Shareholder pursuant hereto or thereto, shall be deemed to constitute the Shareholders as a partnership, an association, a joint venture or any other kind of entity, or create a presumption that the Shareholders are in any way acting in concert with respect to such obligations or the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.  Each Shareholder shall be entitled to protect and enforce its rights, including the rights arising out of this Agreement, and it shall not be necessary for any other Shareholder to be joined as an additional party in any proceeding for such purpose.
 
[Signature pages follow.]
 
 
18

 
 
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Agreement or have caused this Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized officers as of the day and year first above written.
 
 
Company :
 
PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES, INC.
 
       
 
By:
   
   
John A. Williams
 
   
President and Chief Executive Officer
 
       
       
       
 
Address for Notices :
3625 Cumberland Boulevard, Suite 400
Atlanta, GA 30339
Facsimile:  (770) 818-4105
Attention:  Leonard A. Silverstein, Esq.
 
       
   
with a copy (which shall not constitute Notice) to:
 
Proskauer Rose LLP
Eleven Times Square
New York, NY 10036
Attention:  Peter M. Fass, Esq.
James P. Gerkis, Esq.
 
 
 
 
19

 
 
 
Stockholder :
 
WILLIAMS OPPORTUNITY FUND, LLC
 
       
 
By:
Williams Opportunity Fund Manager, LLC, Its Manager
       
   
By:  Williams Realty Advisors, LLC,
   
Its Manager
       
   
 By:
 
     
John A. Williams
     
Chief Executive Officer
       
 
Address for Notices :
3625 Cumberland Boulevard, Suite 400
Atlanta, GA 30339
Facsimile:  (770) 818-4105
Attention:  Leonard A. Silverstein, Esq.
       
 
 
20

 
 
EXHIBIT A
 
JOINDER TO REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT
 
This Joinder Agreement (this “ Joinder Agreement ”) is made as of the date written below by the undersigned (the “ Joining Party ”) in accordance with the Registration Rights Agreement dated as of [           ], 2011 (as the same may be amended from time to time, the “ Registration Rights Agreement ”), among Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. and the Shareholders party thereto.  Capitalized terms used, but not defined, herein shall have the respective meanings ascribed to such terms in the Registration Rights Agreement.
 
The Joining Party hereby acknowledges, agrees and confirms that, by its execution of this Joinder Agreement, the Joining Party shall be deemed to be a party to the Registration Rights Agreement as of the date hereof as a “ Permitted Transferee ” of a Shareholder thereto, and shall have all the rights and obligations of a “ Shareholder ” thereunder as if it had executed the Registration Rights Agreement.  The Joining Party hereby ratifies, as of the date hereof, and agrees to be bound by, all the terms, provisions and conditions contained in the Registration Rights Agreement (including, without limitation, Section 4.01 thereof).
 
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has executed this Joinder Agreement as of the date written below.
 
Date: ___________ ___, ______
 
 
[NAME OF JOINING PARTY]
 
       
 
By:
   
    Name   
    Title   
       
       
 
Address for Notices :
 
     
 
[_______________]
 
 
 
21

 
 
 
THIS WARRANT AND THE SHARES ISSUABLE UPON EXERCISE OF THIS WARRANT HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “ ACT ”), OR UNDER ANY APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THIS WARRANT AND THE SHARES ISSUABLE UPON EXERCISE OF THIS WARRANT ARE SUBJECT TO RESTRICTIONS ON RESALE AND MAY NOT BE RESOLD EXCEPT AS PERMITTED UNDER THE ACT AND ANY APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS.

No. of Shares:  150,000
Warrant No. ________

Warrant to Purchase Common Stock

of

Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.

WARRANT

Dated: [              ], 2011

This certifies that INTERNATIONAL ASSETS ADVISORY, LLC (“ IAA ”) or any of its permitted transferees (IAA or any such permitted transferee is sometimes herein called the “ Holder ”) is entitled to purchase from Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the “ Company ”), up to 150,000 shares of common stock (the “ Shares ”), par value $0.01 per share, of the Company (the “ Common Stock ”), at a purchase price of $[       ] per Share, which purchase price is equal to 125% of the gross per Share offering price to the public of the Common Stock in the Company’s initial public offering of Common Stock pursuant to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-11 (333-168407) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 30, 2010, as amended from time to time, subject to adjustment as described below (as so adjusted from time to time, the “ Exercise Price ”) during the four-year period as more fully set forth in Section 1 .
 
1.              Exercise . The purchase rights represented by this Warrant shall be exercisable at the Exercise Price, and during the period as follows:
 
(a)                 During the period beginning from the date hereof (the “ Issue Date ”) to and through [              ], 2011 [ NO LESS THAN 180 DAYS AFTER THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT ], inclusive, the Holder shall have no right to purchase any Shares hereunder.

(b)  At any time and from time to time between [              ], 2011 and [              ], 2015 [ FOUR YEARS AFTER THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT ] (the latter date is also referred to herein as the “ Expiration Date ”), inclusive, the Holder shall have the right to purchase all or any portion of the Shares at the Exercise Price.

 
 

 

(c)  After the Expiration Date, the Holder shall have no right to purchase all or any portion of the Shares hereunder.

2.              Payment for Shares; Issuance of Certificates; Net Exercise
 
(a)  The purchase rights represented by this Warrant may be exercised at any time within the period specified in Section 1(b ), in whole or in part, by:  (i) the surrender of this Warrant for cancellation (with the purchase form at the end hereof properly completed and executed) at the principal executive office of the Company as set forth in Section 15 (or such other office or agency of the Company as it may designate by notice to the Holder pursuant to Section 15 ); and (ii) payment to the Company of the aggregate Exercise Price then in effect for the number of Shares specified in the above-mentioned purchase form, together with applicable stock transfer taxes, if any.  This Warrant shall be deemed to have been exercised, in whole or in part to the extent specified, immediately prior to the close of business on the date this Warrant is surrendered and payment is made in accordance with the foregoing provisions of this Section 2(a) , and the person or persons in whose name or names the certificates for the Shares purchased shall be issuable upon such exercise shall become the holder or holders of record of such Shares at that time and date.

(b)  If on the date of any exercise of this Warrant the Shares issuable upon such exercise are not freely resalable without restriction under the Act, the Holder may satisfy its obligation to pay the Exercise Price through a “cashless exercise”, in which event the Company shall issue to the Holder the number of Warrant Shares determined as follows:

 
X = Y [(A-B)/A]
where:
 
 
X = the number of Shares to be issued to the Holder
   
 
Y = the number of Shares with respect to which this Warrant is being exercised
   
 
A = the Fair Market Value of one share of Common Stock
   
 
B = the Exercise Price

For the purpose of any computation under this Section 2( b ) , the “ Fair Market Value ” per share of Common Stock at any date shall be deemed to be the average Closing Price (as defined below) of the Common Stock for the five Trading Days (as defined below)  immediately preceding the date as of which the Fair Market Value is being determined; provided however, that if the shares of Common Stock are not then listed or quoted on any market or exchange, then the Fair Market Value shall be the average of the closing bid prices for the Common Stock on the OTC Bulletin Board, or, if such is not available, the Pink Sheets LLC, or otherwise the average of the closing bid prices for the Common Stock quoted by two market-makers of the Common Stock, or otherwise the Fair Market Value shall be determined in good faith by the Company.  “ Trading Day ” shall mean any day on which the principal United States securities exchange or trading market on which the shares of Common Stock are listed, quoted or traded (the “ Principal Market ”) as reported by Bloomberg Financial Markets is open for trading.  “ Closing Price ” for any Trading Day shall mean the last sale price for the Common Stock on the Principal Market on such Trading Day.

 
- 2 -

 
 
(c)  The certificates for the Shares purchased pursuant to an exercise of this Warrant pursuant to Sections 2( a ) or 2(b)  shall be delivered to the Holder within a reasonable time, not exceeding ten business days, after the purchase rights represented by this Warrant shall have been so exercised.

(d)  If this Warrant is exercised in part pursuant to Sections 2(a) or 2(b) , the Company shall issue, in the name of the Holder, a new Warrant of like tenor (including all substantive provisions hereof) and representing in the aggregate rights to purchase the number of Shares as remain purchasable hereunder at such time after giving effect to such partial exercise.
 
3.              Transfer

(a)  This Warrant shall not be sold, assigned, pledged, hypothecated, encumbered or otherwise transferred or disposed of, or be the subject of any hedging, short sale, derivative, put or call transaction that would result in the effective economic disposition of this Warrant or the Shares purchasable hereunder (each, a Transfer ), except that a Transfer of this Warrant may be effected to successors by operation of law of the Holder or with the prior consent of the Company.

(b)  Any Transfer of this Warrant that is permitted by  Section 3(a) shall be effected by the Holder by (i) executing the transfer form at the end hereof, and (ii) surrendering this Warrant for cancellation at the office or agency of the Company referred to in Section 2 , accompanied by (A) a certificate (signed by an officer of the Holder or such other authorized representative reasonably satisfactory to the Company, if the Holder is an entity) stating that such Transfer is permitted under Section 3(a) , and (B) an opinion of counsel, reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the Company, to the effect that the Shares or this Warrant, as the case may be, may be sold or otherwise transferred without registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “ Act ”).
 
(c)  Upon any Transfer of this Warrant or any part thereof in accordance with the foregoing provisions of this  Section 3 , the Company shall issue, in the name or names specified by the Holder (including the Holder), a new Warrant or Warrants of like tenor (including all substantive provisions hereof) and representing in the aggregate rights to purchase the same number of Shares as are purchasable hereunder at such time.
 
(d)  This Warrant may not be exercised and neither this Warrant nor any of the Shares, nor any interest in either, may be the subject of a Transfer, in whole or in part, except in compliance with applicable United States federal and state securities laws and the terms and conditions hereof.  Each Warrant issued upon a Transfer or in replacement hereof shall bear a legend in substantially the same form as the legend set forth on the first page of this Warrant.  Each certificate for Shares issued upon exercise of this Warrant, unless at the time of exercise such Shares are acquired pursuant to a registration statement that has been declared effective under the Act and applicable blue sky laws, shall bear a legend substantially in the following form:

 
- 3 -

 

“THE SHARES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE HAVE BEEN ACQUIRED FOR INVESTMENT AND HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “ ACT ”).  SUCH SHARES MAY NOT BE SOLD OR TRANSFERRED IN THE ABSENCE OF REGISTRATION OR AN EXEMPTION THEREFROM. PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES, INC. MAY REQUIRE AN OPINION OF COUNSEL REASONABLY ACCEPTABLE TO IT THAT A PROPOSED TRANSFER OR SALE IS IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE ACT.”
 
Any certificate for any Shares issued at any time in exchange or substitution for any certificate for any Shares bearing such legend also shall bear such legend unless, in the opinion of counsel for the Company, the Shares represented thereby need no longer be subject to the restriction contained herein.  The provisions of this Section 3(d) shall be binding upon all subsequent holders of certificates for Shares bearing the above legend and all subsequent holders of this Warrant, if any.

(e)  Any attempted Transfer of this Warrant or any part thereof in violation of this Section 3 shall be null and void ab initio .
 
4.              Shares to be Fully Paid; Reservation of Shares . The Company covenants and agrees that all Shares which may be purchased hereunder will, upon issuance and delivery against payment therefor of the requisite purchase price, be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.  The Company further covenants and agrees that, during the period within which this Warrant may be exercised, the Company will at all times have authorized and reserved a sufficient amount of Common Stock to provide for the exercise of this Warrant.
 
5.              No Voting or Dividend Rights . This Warrant shall not entitle the Holder to any voting rights or any other rights, including without limitation notice of meetings of other actions or receipt of dividends or other distributions, as a stockholder of the Company.
 
6.              Adjustment of Exercise Price . The Exercise Price in effect at the time and the number and kind of securities purchasable upon the exercise of this Warrant shall be subject to adjustment from time to time upon the happening of certain events as follows:

 
- 4 -

 
 
(a)  In case the Company shall, while this Warrant remains outstanding and unexpired, (i) declare a dividend or make a distribution on its outstanding Common Stock in Common Stock, (ii) subdivide or reclassify its outstanding Common Stock into a greater number of shares, (iii) combine or reclassify its outstanding Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, or (iv) enter into any transaction whereby the outstanding shares of Common Stock are at any time changed into or exchanged for a different number or kind of shares or other securities of the Company or of another entity through reorganization, merger, consolidation, liquidation or recapitalization, then an appropriate adjustment in the number of Shares (or other securities for which such Shares have previously been exchanged or converted) purchasable under this Warrant shall be made and the Exercise Price in effect at the time of the record date for such dividend or distribution or of the effective date of such subdivision, combination, reclassification, reorganization, merger, consolidation, liquidation or recapitalization shall be proportionately adjusted so that the Holder of this Warrant exercised after such date shall be entitled to receive the aggregate number and kind of shares or other securities which, if this Warrant had been exercised by such Holder immediately prior to such date, the Holder would have been entitled to receive upon such dividend, distribution, subdivision, combination, reclassification, reorganization, merger, consolidation, liquidation or recapitalization.  For example, if the Company declares a two-for-one stock subdivision (split) and the Exercise Price hereof immediately prior to such event was $10.00 per Share and the number of Shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant was 150,000, the adjusted Exercise Price immediately after such event would be $5.00 per Share and the adjusted number of Shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant would be 300,000.  Any such adjustment shall be made successively whenever any event listed above shall occur.

(b)  Whenever any adjustment shall be made pursuant to Section 6(a) , the Company shall promptly make a certificate signed by its Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, President, Vice President, Chief Financial Officer or Treasurer, setting forth in reasonable detail the event requiring the adjustment, the amount of the adjustment, the method by which such adjustment was calculated and the adjusted Exercise Price and the adjusted number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant after giving effect to such adjustment, and shall promptly cause copies of such certificates to be sent to the Holder, and shall cause a certified copy thereof to be mailed to the Company's transfer agent, if any.  The Company may retain a firm of independent certified public accountants selected by the Board of Directors (who may be the regular accountants employed by the Company) to make any computation required by this Section 6 , and a certificate signed by such firm shall be conclusive evidence of the correctness of such adjustment.
 
(c)  If at any time, as a result of an adjustment made pursuant to the provisions of this Section 6 , the Holder thereafter shall become entitled to receive upon exercise of this Warrant any shares of the Company other than Common Stock, thereafter the number of such other shares so receivable upon exercise of this Warrant shall be subject to adjustment from time to time in a manner and on terms as nearly equivalent as practicable to the provisions with respect to the Common Stock contained in Section 6 (a) .
 
7.              Unenforceability .  The invalidity or unenforceability of any section, paragraph or provision of this Warrant shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other section, paragraph or provision hereof.  If any section, paragraph or provision of this Warrant is for any reason determined to be invalid or unenforceable, or is determined to be in conflict with Section 5110(f)(2)(H) or 5110(g)(1) of the Rules of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“ FINRA ”), there shall be deemed to be made such changes as are necessary to make it valid and enforceable.

8.              FINRA Compliance .  This Warrant is intended to comply with all provisions of Section 5110(f)(2)(H) and 5110(g)(1) of the Rules of FINRA.
 

 
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9.              G overning Law ;   J urisdiction

(a)   This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the State of Delaware.
 
(b)  Each of the parties hereby agrees that any claim, dispute or controversy (of any and every kind or type, whether based on contract, tort, statute, regulation or otherwise, and whether based on state, federal, foreign or any other law), arising out of, relating to or in connection with this Warrant or any of the transactions contemplated thereby, and including disputes relating to the existence, validity, breach or termination of this Warrant (any such claim being a “ Covered Claim ”), shall be heard and determined exclusively in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware and the appropriate appellate courts therefrom (the “ Chancery Court ”), and in no other court; provided , however , that if the Chancery Court lacks subject matter jurisdiction over a Covered Claim, such claim shall be heard and determined exclusively in another state or federal court sitting in the State of Delaware and the appropriate appellate courts therefrom (an “ Other Delaware Court ”).  Each of the parties expressly agrees and acknowledges that the Delaware Chancery Court (or, if the Delaware Chancery Court lacks subject matter jurisdiction, an Other Delaware Court) is an appropriate and convenient forum for resolution of any and all Covered Claims, that it will not suffer any undue hardship or inconvenience if required to litigate in such court, and that such court is fully competent and legally capable of adjudicating any Covered Claim.  Each of the parties hereby irrevocably submits, generally and unconditionally, to the exclusive personal jurisdiction of the Chancery Court and the Other Delaware Courts in respect of Covered Claims. The parties hereby consent to and grant any such court jurisdiction over the person of such parties and, to the extent permitted by applicable law, over the subject matter of such dispute and agree that mailing of process or other papers in connection with any such action or proceeding in the manner provided in Section 15 or in such other manner as may be permitted by applicable law shall be valid and sufficient service thereof.

(c)  The parties each hereby waive all right to trial by jury in any legal proceeding (whether based upon contract, tort or otherwise) in any way arising out of or relating to this Warrant.
 
10.              Binding Effect on Successors . In case of any consolidation of the Company with, or merger of the Company into, any other entity, or in case of any sale or conveyance of all or substantially all the assets of the Company other than in connection with a plan of complete liquidation of the Company at any time prior to the Expiration Date, then the Company shall give written notice of consolidation, merger, sale or conveyance to the Holder and, from and after the effective time of such consolidation, merger, sale or conveyance, this Warrant shall represent, upon exercise, only the right to receive the consideration that would have been issuable in respect of the Shares purchasable under this Warrant in such consolidation, merger, sale or conveyance had this Warrant been exercised in full immediately prior to such effective time, and the Holder shall have no further rights under this Warrant other than the right to receive such consideration.
 
11.              Fractional Shares . No fractional shares shall be issued upon exercise of this Warrant. The Company shall, in lieu of issuing any fractional share, pay the holder entitled to such fraction a sum in cash equal to such fraction multiplied by the then effective Exercise Price.

 
 
- 6 -

 
 
12.            Lost Warrant . The Company represents and warrants to the Holder hereof that upon receipt of evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Company of the loss, theft, destruction, or mutilation of this Warrant and, in the case of any such loss, theft or destruction, upon receipt of an affidavit of loss and indemnity reasonably satisfactory to the Company, or in the case of any such mutilation upon surrender and cancellation of this Warrant, the Company, at its expense, will make and deliver a new Warrant, of like tenor, in lieu of the lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated Warrant.

13.            Headings . The headings of the several sections of this Warrant are inserted for convenience only and do not constitute a part of this Warrant.
 
14.            Modification and Waiver . This Warrant and any provision hereof may be amended, waived, discharged or terminated only by an instrument in writing signed by the party against which enforcement of the same is sought.
 
15.            Notices .  Any notice or other communication required or contemplated by this Warrant shall be deemed to have been duly given if transmitted by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, or nationally recognized overnight delivery service , to the Company at its principal executive office located at One Overton Park, 3625 Cumberland Boulevard, Suite 400, Atlanta, Georgia 30339, Attention:  Leonard A. Silverstein, or to the Holder at the name and address set forth in the Warrant Register maintained by the Company.

 
- 7 -

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Warrant to be signed by its duly authorized officer as of the date first written above.

PREFERRED APARTMENT
COMMUNITIES, INC.
   
By:
  
 
Name:
 
Title:

Acknowledged and Agreed to
as of the date first written above:
   
INTERNATIONAL ASSETS ADVISORY, LLC
   
By:
  
 
Name:
 
Title:
 
 
 

 

PURCHASE FORM
 
(To be signed only upon exercise of the foregoing Warrant)
 
The undersigned, the holder of the foregoing Warrant, hereby irrevocably elects to exercise the purchase rights represented by such Warrant for, and to purchase thereunder, _____________ shares(the “ Purchased Shares ”) of Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, of Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc., for an Exercise Price (as defined in the foregoing Warrant) and which Exercise Price currently is $____ per Share, and either:
  
o   tenders herewith payment of the aggregate Exercise Price in respect of the Purchased Shares in full, in the amount of $_________; or
 
o   elects pursuant to Section 2( b ) of such Warrant to convert such Warrant into Common Stock on a cashless exercise basis; and
 
o requests that the certificates for the Purchased Shares issued in the name(s) of, and delivered to _________________, whose address(es) is (are):

Dated: _________________

 
By:
 
     
     
     
     
     
   
Address
     
   
Social Security or other identifying Number:
     
   
  
 
 
 

 
 
TRANSFER FORM
 
(To be signed only upon transfer of Warrant)
 
For value received, the undersigned hereby sells, assigns, and transfers unto ______________________________ the right to purchase Shares as defined in, and represented by, the foregoing Warrant to the extent of __________ Shares, and appoints _________________________ attorney to transfer such rights on the books of Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc., with full power of substitution in the premises.

Dated: __________________________

 
By:
   
       
       
   
  
 
       
   
  
 
   
Address
 
       
In the presence of:  
       
     
 
 
 

 


 
March 4, 2011


Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
Suite 400
3625 Cumberland Boulevard
Atlanta, Georgia 30339

 
Re:
Registration Statement on Form S-11 (File No. 333-168407)

Ladies and Gentlemen:
 
We have served as Maryland counsel to Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the “Company”), in connection with certain matters of Maryland law arising out of the registration of up to 5,175,000 shares (the “Shares”) of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company, to be issued by the Company in its initial public offering, covered by the above-referenced Registration Statement, and all amendments thereto (the “Registration Statement”), filed by the Company with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”).
 
In connection with our representation of the Company, and as a basis for the opinion hereinafter set forth, we have examined originals, or copies certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction, of the following documents (herein collectively referred to as the “Documents”):
 
1.           The Registration Statement and the related form of prospectus included therein in the form in which it was transmitted to the Commission under the 1933 Act;
 
2.           The charter of the Company (the “Charter”), certified by the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of Maryland (the “SDAT”);
 
3.           The Third Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company, certified as of the date hereof by an officer of the Company;
 
5.           A certificate of the SDAT as to the good standing of the Company, dated as of a recent date;
 
6.           Resolutions adopted by the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) or a duly authorized committee thereof relating to, among other matters, the sale, issuance and registration of the Shares (the “Resolutions”), certified as of the date hereof by an officer of the Company;
 
 
 

 
Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
March 4, 2011
Page 2

 
7.           A certificate executed by an officer of the Company, dated as of the date hereof; and
 
8.           Such other documents and matters as we have deemed necessary or appropriate to express the opinion set forth below, subject to the assumptions, limitations and qualifications stated herein.
 
In expressing the opinion set forth below, we have assumed the following:
 
1.           Each individual executing any of the Documents, whether on behalf of such individual or another person, is legally competent to do so.
 
2.           Each individual executing any of the Documents on behalf of a party (other than the Company) is duly authorized to do so.
 
3.           Each of the parties (other than the Company) executing any of the Documents has duly and validly executed and delivered each of the Documents to which such party is a signatory, and such party’s obligations set forth therein are legal, valid and binding and are enforceable in accordance with all stated terms.
 
4.           All Documents submitted to us as originals are authentic.  The form and content of all Documents submitted to us as unexecuted drafts do not differ in any respect relevant to this opinion from the form and content of such Documents as executed and delivered.  All Documents submitted to us as certified or photostatic copies conform to the original documents.  All signatures on all such Documents are genuine.  All public records reviewed or relied upon by us or on our behalf are true and complete.  All representations, warranties, statements and information contained in the Documents (other than representations, warranties, statements and information constituting conclusions of law on matters on which we opine) are true and complete.  There has been no oral or written modification of or amendment to any of the Documents, and there has been no waiver of any provision of any of the Documents, by action or omission of the parties or otherwise.
 
 
 

 
Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
March 4, 2011
Page 3

 
Based upon the foregoing, and subject to the assumptions, limitations and qualifications stated herein, it is our opinion that:
 
1.           The Company is a corporation duly incorporated and existing under and by virtue of the laws of the State of Maryland and is in good standing with the SDAT.
 
2.           The issuance of the Shares has been duly authorized and, when and if issued and delivered against payment therefor in accordance with the Registration Statement, the Resolutions and any other resolutions adopted by the Board or a duly authorized committee thereof relating to the Shares , the Shares will be (assuming that the issuance of the Shares is not void ab initio under Section 4.04(b)(i)(A)(3) or Section 4.04(b)(i)(B)(2) of Article 4 of the Charter) validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.
 
The foregoing opinion is limited to the laws of the State of Maryland and we do not express any opinion herein concerning any other law.  We express no opinion as to compliance with any federal or state securities laws, including the securities laws of the State of Maryland, or as to federal or state laws regarding fraudulent transfers.  To the extent that any matter as to which our opinion is expressed herein would be governed by any jurisdiction other than the State of Maryland, we do not express any opinion on such matter.  The opinion expressed herein is subject to the effect of judicial decisions which may permit the introduction of parol evidence to modify the terms or the interpretation of agreements.
 
The opinion expressed herein is limited to the matters specifically set forth herein and no other opinion shall be inferred beyond the matters expressly stated.  We assume no obligation to supplement this opinion if any applicable law changes after the date hereof or if we become aware of any fact that might change the opinion expressed herein after the date hereof.
 
This opinion is being furnished to you for submission to the Commission as an exhibit to the Registration Statement.  We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the use of the name of our firm therein.  In giving this consent, we do not admit that we are within the category of persons whose consent is required by Section 7 of the 1933 Act.

Very truly yours,
 
/s/ Venable LLP



 
 
 
 

 

     Proskauer Rose LLP   Eleven Times Square   New York, NY 10036-8299

March 4, 2011

Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
3625 Cumberland Boulevard, Suite 400
Atlanta, Georgia 30339

Re: Opinion of Proskauer Rose LLP as to Tax Matters

Ladies and Gentlemen:
 
We have acted as counsel to Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the “ Company ”), with respect to certain tax matters in connection with the sale by the Company of common stock (the “ Stock ”) as described in the Registration Statement on Form S-11, Registration No. 333- 168407, initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “ Commission ”) on July 30,  2010, as amended through the date hereof (the “ Registration Statement ”). In connection with the sale of Stock, we have been asked to provide an opinion regarding (i)  the classification of the Company as a real estate investment trust (“ REIT ”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “ Code ”) 1 ; (ii) the accuracy and fairness of the discussion in the prospectus forming a part of the Registration Statement (the “ Prospectus ”) under the caption “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations”; and (iii) the treatment of Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, L.P. (the “ Operating Partnership ”) as a partnership or disregarded entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes. 
 
The opinions set forth in this letter are based on relevant provisions of the Code, Treasury Regulations issued thereunder (including Proposed and Temporary Regulations), and interpretations of the foregoing as expressed in court decisions, administrative determinations, and the legislative history as of the date hereof. These provisions and interpretations are subject to differing interpretations or change at any time, which may or may not be retroactive in effect, and which might result in modifications of our opinions. In this regard, an opinion of counsel with respect to an issue represents counsel’s best judgment as to the outcome on the merits with respect to such issue, is not binding on the Internal Revenue Service (“ IRS ”) or the courts, and is not a guarantee that the IRS will not assert a contrary position with respect to an issue, or that a court will not sustain such a position if asserted by the IRS.
 
In rendering our opinions, we have made such factual and legal examinations, including an examination of such statutes, regulations, records, certificates and other documents as we have considered necessary or appropriate, including, but not limited to, the following: (1) the Registration Statement (including exhibits thereto); (2)   the form of Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. Articles of Amendment and Restatement; (3) the form of Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of the Operating Partnership; and (4) the form of Management Agreements, made by and among the Operating Partnership, the Company and the Property Managers thereto (each a “ Manager ”). The opinions set forth in this letter also are based on certain written factual representations and covenants made by officers of the Company and the Operating Partnership in a letter to us of even date herewith (the “ Officer’s Certificate ”) relating to, among other things, those factual matters as are germane to the determination that the Company and the Operating Partnership, and the entities in which they hold direct or indirect interests, have been and will be formed, owned and operated in such a manner that the Company has and will continue to satisfy the requirements for qualification as a REIT under the Code (collectively, the Officer’s Certificate, and the documents described in the immediately preceding sentence are referred to herein as the “ Transaction Documents ”).
 

1 Unless otherwise stated, all section references herein are to the Code.

 
 

 


Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
March 4, 2011
Page 2

In our review, we have assumed, with your consent, that all of the factual representations, covenants and statements set forth in the Transaction Documents are true and correct, and all of the obligations imposed by any such documents on the parties thereto have been and will be performed or satisfied in accordance with their terms. Moreover, we have assumed that the Company and the Operating Partnership each will be operated in the manner described in the relevant Transaction Documents. We have, consequently, assumed and relied on your representations that the information presented in the Transaction Documents accurately and completely describe all material facts relevant to our opinion. We have not undertaken any independent inquiry into, or verification of, these facts for the purpose of rendering this opinion. While we have reviewed all representations made to us to determine their reasonableness, we have no assurance that they are or will ultimately prove to be accurate. No facts have come to our attention, however, that would cause us to question the accuracy or completeness of such facts or Transaction Documents in a material way. Our opinion is conditioned on the continuing accuracy and completeness of such representations, covenants and statements. Any material change or inaccuracy in the facts referred to, set forth, or assumed herein or in the Transaction Documents may affect our conclusions set forth herein.
 
We also have assumed the legal capacity of all natural persons, the genuineness of all signatures, the proper execution of all documents, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, the conformity to originals of documents submitted to us as copies, and the authenticity of the originals from which any copies were made. Where documents have been provided to us in draft form, we have assumed that the final executed versions of such documents will not differ materially from such drafts.
 
With respect to matters of Maryland law, we have relied upon the opinion of Venable LLP, counsel for the Company, dated March 4, 2011, that the Company is a validly organized and duly incorporated corporation under the laws of the State of Maryland.
 
Based upon, and subject to the foregoing and the discussion below, we are of the opinion that:
 
 
(i)
commencing with the Company’s taxable year ending on December 31, 2011, the Company will be organized in conformity with requirements for qualification as a REIT under the Code, and the Company’s proposed method of operation will enable it to meet the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT under the Code;
 
 
(ii)
the discussion in the Prospectus under the caption “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations,” to the extent it constitutes matters of law, summaries of legal matters or legal conclusions, is a fair and accurate summary of the U.S. federal income tax considerations that are likely to be material to a holder of the Company’s Stock; and
 
 
(iii)
the Operating Partnership will be taxed as a partnership or a disregarded entity and not an association or publicly traded partnership (within the meaning of section 7704) subject to tax as a corporation, for U.S. federal income tax purposes beginning with its first taxable year.
 
 
 

 


Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
March 4, 2011
Page 3

We express no opinion on any issue relating to the Company, the Operating Partnership or the discussion in the Prospectus under the caption “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations” other than as expressly stated above.
 
The Company’s qualification and taxation as a REIT will depend upon the Company’s ability to meet on a continuing basis, through actual annual operating and other results, the various requirements under the Code as described in the Registration Statement with regard to, among other things, the sources of its gross income, the composition of its assets, the level of its distributions to stockholders, and the diversity of its stock ownership. Proskauer Rose LLP will not review the Company’s compliance with these requirements on a continuing basis. Accordingly, no assurance can be given that the actual results of the operations of the Company and the Operating Partnership, the sources of their income, the nature of their assets, the level of the Company’s distributions to stockholders and the diversity of its stock ownership for any given taxable year will satisfy the requirements under the Code for the Company’s qualification and taxation as a REIT.
 
This opinion letter is rendered to you for your use in connection with the Registration Statement and may be relied upon by you and your stockholders.  Except as provided in the next paragraph, this opinion letter may not be distributed, quoted in whole or in part or otherwise reproduced in any document, filed with any governmental agency, or relied upon by any other person for any other purpose (other than as required by law) without our express written consent.
 
We consent to the use of our name under the captions “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations” and “Legal Matters” in the Prospectus and to the use of these opinions for filing as Exhibit 8 to the Registration Statement. In giving this consent, we do not hereby admit that we come within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act of 1933, or the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.
 
Sincerely yours,

/s/ Proskauer Rose LLP

 
 

 
 
SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT

among

 
Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.,

 
Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, L.P.

 
and

 
Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC
  


 
Dated as of February 28, 2011
 

 
 
 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
   
Page
     
Section 1.
Definitions
1
Section 2.
Appointment and Duties of the Manager
6
Section 3.
Conduct Policies
12
Section 4.
Additional Activities of the Manager; Non-Solicitation; Restrictions
12
Section 5.
Bank Accounts
13
Section 6.
Records; Confidentiality
14
Section 7.
Compensation
15
Section 8.
Expenses of the Company
17
Section 9.
Limits of the Manager’s Responsibility; Indemnification
19
Section 10.
No Joint Venture
21
Section 11.
Term; Renewal; Termination Without Cause
21
Section 12.
Assignments
22
Section 13.
Termination for Cause
23
Section 14.
Action Upon Termination
24
Section 15.
Release of Money or Other Property Upon Written Request
24
Section 16.
Miscellaneous
25

 
 

 

SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT dated as of February 28, 2011, among Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc., a Maryland corporation (“ PAC ”), Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (the “ Operating Partnership ”), and Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “ Manager ”).
 
WITNESSETH :
 
WHEREAS, the parties entered into the Management Agreement on November 19, 2010 (the “ Original Agreement ”) and amended and restated the Original Agreement on January 25, 2011 (the “ Amended and Restated Agreement ”); and
 
WHEREAS, the parties have agreed to make certain amendments and desire to amend and restate the Amended and Restated Agreement in its entirety;
 
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and of the mutual covenants and agreements contained herein, the parties hereto, intending to be legally bound, hereby agree that the Amended and Restated Agreement hereby is amended and restated in its entirety to read as follows:
 
 
Section 1.
Definitions.
 
(a)           The following terms shall have the respective meanings set forth below in this Section 1(a) :
 
Above-Market Rates ” has the meaning set forth in Section 11(b) .
 
Acquisition Expenses means any and all expenses, exclusive of Acquisition Fees, incurred by the Company, the Manager or any of their respective Affiliates in connection with the selection, evaluation, acquisition, origination, making or development of any Investment, whether or not acquired, including legal fees and expenses, travel and communications expenses, property inspection expenses, third party brokerage or finder’s fees, costs of appraisals, nonrefundable option payments on property not acquired, accounting fees and expenses, title insurance premiums and expenses, survey expenses, closing costs and the costs of performing due diligence.
 
Acquisition Fee ” means the fee payable to the Manager or its assignees pursuant to Section 7(a) .
 
Affiliate   means, with respect to a specified Person, (i) any Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with such specified Person, (ii) any general partner of such specified Person, and (iii) any Person for which such specified Person acts as a general partner.  For purposes of this definition, the terms “controlled”, “controlled by”, or “under common control with” shall mean the possession, direct or indirect, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of an entity, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or credit arrangement, as trustee or executor, or otherwise.
 
Agreement   means this Second Amended and Restated Management Agreement, as amended or supplemented from time to time.

 
 

 

AMEX   means NYSE Amex.
 
Asset Management Fee ” means the fee payable to the Manager pursuant to Section 7(b) .
 
Automatic Renewal Term   has the meaning set forth in Section 11(a) .
 
Bankruptcy Event   means, with respect to any Person, (i) the filing by such Person of a voluntary petition seeking liquidation, reorganization, arrangement or readjustment, in any form, of its debts under Title 11 of the United States Code or any other U.S. federal or state or foreign insolvency law, or such Person’s filing an answer consenting to or acquiescing in any such petition, (ii) the making by such Person of any assignment for the benefit of its creditors, (iii) the expiration of 60 days after the filing of an involuntary petition under Title 11 of the Unites States Code, an application for the appointment of a receiver for a material portion of the assets of such Person, or an involuntary petition seeking liquidation, reorganization, arrangement or readjustment of its debts under any other U.S. federal or state or foreign insolvency law, provided   that the same shall not have been vacated, set aside or stayed within such 60-day period, or (iv) the entry against such Person of a final and non-appealable order for relief under any bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law now or hereinafter in effect.
 
Board   means the board of directors of PAC.  In every instance herein requiring approval of the Board or referring to policies or directions of the Board, for purposes of this Agreement, the Board shall be deemed to include any duly appointed and constituted committee of the Board with respect to each and every act that under the Governing Instruments or applicable law may be taken with the approval of a duly appointed and constituted committee of the Board, and references herein to the Board shall be deemed to include references to each such committee.
 
Business Day   means any day except a Saturday, a Sunday or a day on which banking institutions in New York, New York or in Atlanta, Georgia are not required to be open.
 
Cause Termination Notice ” has the meaning set forth in Section 13(a) .
 
Change of Control   of an entity means a change in the direct or indirect (i) beneficial ownership of more than 50% of the combined voting power of such entity’s then outstanding equity interests, or (ii) power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such entity, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or credit arrangement, as trustee or otherwise.
 
Claim   has the meaning set forth in Section 9(c) .
 
Common Stock   means the common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of PAC.
 
Closing Date   means the date of closing of the Initial Public Offering.
 
Code ” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time, or any successor statute thereto.  Reference to any provision of the Code shall mean such provision as in effect from time to time, as the same may be amended, and any successor provision thereto, as interpreted by any applicable regulations as in effect from time to time.

 
2

 

Company   means, collectively, PAC and the Operating Partnership.
 
Company Entities ” means, collectively, PAC, the Operating Partnership and each of their respective subsidiaries.
 
Company Indemnified Party   has meaning set forth in Section 9(b) .
 
Competitive Real Estate Commission ” means a real estate or brokerage commission for the purchase or sale of an asset which is reasonable, customary and competitive in light of the size, type and location of the asset.
 
Conduct Policies   has the meaning set forth in Section 3 .
 
Confidential Information   has the meaning set forth in Section 6 .
 
Construction Fee, Development Fee and Landscaping Fee ” means the fee payable to the Manager or its assignees pursuant to Section 7(e) .
 
Contract Sales Price ” means the total consideration received by any of the Company Entities for the sale of an Investment, which total consideration shall include the amount of cash received, the fair market value of any property received and the amount of debt assumed by the purchaser to which a Company Entity is relieved of responsibility upon such disposition.
 
Director ” means a member of the Board.
 
Disposition Fee on Sale of Assets ” means the fee payable to the Manager or its assignees pursuant to Section 7(d) .
 
Effective Termination Date   has the meaning set forth in Section 11(b) .
 
Exchange Act   means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
 
Fees Accrued Upon Termination   means the amounts payable to the Manager or its assignees equal to the aggregate of any earned but unpaid compensation and expense reimbursements accrued as of the date of termination if this Agreement is terminated (i) pursuant to a Change of Control of PAC, (ii) pursuant to a Termination Without Cause, (iii) by the Manager pursuant to Section 13(b) , or (iv) based on a liquidation by the Company of all its assets.
 
Financing Transaction ” means any transaction with respect to any Investment involving any of the Company Entities incurring any mortgage or other indebtedness, including the entering into any line of credit, transaction involving the creation of any commercial mortgage-backed security and mezzanine financing.

 
3

 

GAAP   means United States generally accepted accounting principles, consistently applied.
 
General and Administrative Expenses Fee ” means the fee payable to the Manager or its assignees pursuant to Section 8(b)(ii) in connection with the administration of the day-to-day operations and the performance and supervision of the performance of such other administrative functions necessary to the management of the Company.
 
Governing Instruments   means, with regard to any entity, the articles of incorporation or certificate of incorporation and by-laws in the case of a corporation, the partnership agreement in the case of a general or limited partnership, the certificate of formation and operating or limited liability company agreement in the case of a limited liability company, the declaration of trust or other comparable trust instrument in the case of a trust, or similar governing documents in the case of another type of entity, in each case, as the same may be amended from time to time.
 
Indemnified Party   has the meaning set forth in Section 9(b) .
 
Independent Director   means a member of the Board who is “independent” in accordance with PAC’s Governing Instruments and the rules of the AMEX or such other securities exchange on which the shares of Common Stock are listed.
 
Initial Public Offering   means PAC’s sale of Common Stock to the public through one or more underwriters pursuant to the Registration Statement.
 
Initial Term   has the meaning set forth in Section 11(a) .
 
Investment ” means any investment by any Company Entity, directly or indirectly, in Real Estate Assets, Real Estate Related Loans or any other asset.
 
Investment Committee   means the investment committee formed by the Board.
 
Investment Company Act   means the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
 
Investment Guidelines   means the investment guidelines approved by the Board, a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit A , as the same may amended, restated, supplemented or waived pursuant to the approval of a majority of the entire Board (which must include a majority of the Independent Directors).
 
Investment Transaction ” means any purchase, acquisition, exchange, sale or disposition, merger or interest exchange that results in the acquisition or disposition of, or other transaction involving, an Investment.
 
Joint Ventures ” means the joint venture or partnership or other similar arrangements (other than between or among any Company Entity) in which a Company Entity is a co-venturer, member, partner or other equity holder, which are established to own Investments.
 
Losses   has the meaning set forth in Section 9(a) .

 
4

 

Manager ” has the meaning set forth at the head of this Agreement and shall include any successor in interest thereto.
 
Manager Change of Control   means a Change of Control of the Manager; provided , however , that no Manager Change of Control shall result from (i) any public offering of equity interests of the Manager, or (ii) any assignment of this Agreement by the Manager as permitted hereby and in accordance with the terms hereof.
 
Manager Indemnified Party   has the meaning set forth in Section 9(a) .
 
Manager Permitted Disclosure Parties   has the meaning set forth in Section 6(a) .
 
Notice of Proposal to Negotiate   has the meaning set forth in Section 11(c) .
 
Operating Partnership ” has the meaning at the head of this Agreement.
 
PAC ” has the meaning at the head of this Agreement.
 
Person   or “ person ” means any natural person, corporation, partnership, association, limited liability company, estate, trust or joint venture, any federal, state, county or municipal government or any bureau, department or agency thereof, or any other legal entity.
 
Property Management and Leasing Fee ” means the fee payable to the Manager or its assignees pursuant to Section 7(c) .
 
Real Estate Assets ” means any investments by any Company Entity in unimproved or improved Real Property (including fee or leasehold interests, options and leases), directly, through one or more subsidiaries or through a Joint Venture.
 
Real Estate Related Loans ” means any investments in mortgage loans and other types of real estate related debt obligations, including mezzanine loans, bridge loans, convertible mortgages, wraparound mortgage loans, construction mortgage loans, loans on leasehold interests and participations in such loans, by any Company Entity, directly, through one or more subsidiaries or through a Joint Venture.
 
Real Property ” means real property owned from time to time by any Company Entity, directly, through one or more subsidiaries or through a Joint Venture, which consists of (i) land only, (ii) land, including the buildings located thereon, (iii) buildings only, or (iv) such Investments the Board or the Manager designates as Real Property to the extent such Investments could be classified as Real Property.
 
Registration Statement ” means PAC’s Registration Statement on Form S-11 (Registration No. 333-168407), as amended from time to time, pursuant to which it is conducting or has conducted the Initial Public Offering.
 
Regulation FD   means Regulation FD as promulgated by the SEC.
 
REIT   means a “real estate investment trust” as defined under the Code.

 
5

 

SEC   means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
 
Securities Act   means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
 
Target Assets   means the types of assets described under “Business— Our Target Assets” in PAC’s prospectus included in the Registration Statement, subject to, and including any changes in, the Investment Guidelines.
 
Termination Notice   has the meaning set forth in Section 11(b) .
 
Termination Without Cause   has the meaning set forth in Section 11(b) .
 
(b)           As used herein, accounting terms relating to any Company Entity not defined in Section 1(a) , and accounting terms partly defined in Section 1(a) , to the extent not defined, shall have the respective meanings given to them under GAAP.
 
(c)           As used herein, “calendar quarters” shall mean the periods from January 1 to March 31, April 1 to June 30, July 1 to September 30 and October 1 to December 31 of the applicable year.
 
(d)           The words “hereof”, “herein” and “hereunder” and words of similar import when used in this Agreement shall refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular provision of this Agreement, and Section references are to this Agreement unless otherwise specified.
 
(e)           The meanings given to terms defined herein shall be equally applicable to both the singular and plural forms of such terms.
 
(f)           The words “include”, “includes” and “including” shall be deemed to be followed by the phrase “without limitation.”
 
(g)           A reference to any gender shall be deemed to be a reference to all genders.
 
 
Section 2.
Appointment and Duties of the Manager.
 
(a)           PAC and the Operating Partnership hereby appoint the Manager to manage and administer the Investments and day-to-day operations of the Company Entities, subject at all times to the further terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement and to the oversight of, and such further limitations or parameters consistent with this Agreement as may be imposed from time to time by, the Board.  The Manager will use commercially reasonable efforts to perform each of its duties set forth herein, provided   that funds are made available by the Company for such purposes as set forth in Section 8 .  The Company shall not appoint any other Person except the Manager to perform the duties and carry out the responsibilities of the Manager described herein, except as may otherwise be permitted by this Agreement and except to the extent that the Manager elects, in its sole and absolute discretion, subject to the terms of this Agreement, to cause the duties of the Manager as set forth herein to be provided by third parties.

 
6

 

(b)           The Manager, in its capacity as manager of the Investments and the day-to-day operations of the Company Entities, at all times will be subject to the oversight and direction of the Board, will act in a manner that is compliant with the provisions of the Governing Instruments of each Company Entity, will use commercially reasonable efforts to present to the Company potential investment opportunities and will perform its duties hereunder, including managing the Company’s business affairs in conformity with the Investment Guidelines and other policies that are determined and adopted by the Board.  PAC, the Operating Partnership and the Manager hereby acknowledge the adoption by the Board of the Investment Guidelines, including the Company’s investment strategy with respect to Target Assets.  PAC, the Operating Partnership and the Manager hereby acknowledge and agree that, during the term of this Agreement, any proposed changes to the Company’s investment strategy that would modify or expand the Target Assets shall require a change in, or supplement to, the Investment Guidelines.  The Company shall notify the Manager promptly of any amended, restated, supplemented or waived Investment Guidelines, including any modification or revocation of the Manager’s authority set forth in the Investment Guidelines; provided , however , that such modification or revocation shall not be applicable to investment transactions to which the Manager has committed any Company Entity prior to the date of receipt by the Manager of such notification.
 
(c)           The Manager will be responsible for the day-to-day operations of the Company Entities (which, for purposes of the Manager’s responsibilities in this Agreement, includes their respective subsidiaries) and will perform (or cause to be performed), subject to the Board’s oversight, such services and activities relating to the Investments and the day-to-day operations of the Company Entities as may be appropriate, which may include:
 
(i)  (A) proposing modifications to the Investment Guidelines to the Board, (B) periodically reviewing the Company’s Investment portfolio for compliance with the Investment Guidelines and reporting its findings to the Board, (C) periodically reviewing and reporting to the Board regarding the diversification of the Company’s Investment portfolio and the financing strategies, and (D) conducting or overseeing the provision of the services and activities set forth in this Section 2 ;
 
(ii)  investigating, analyzing, selecting, conducting due diligence with respect to, negotiating the terms and conditions of (including negotiating the forms of definitive agreements), arranging financing for and recommending to the Board in accordance with procedures adopted by the Board possible Investment Transactions consistent with the Investment Guidelines;
 
(iii)  with respect to prospective Investment Transactions and Financing Transactions, conducting negotiations (including negotiation of definitive agreements) with sellers, purchasers, prospective merger partners, lenders and other financing sources and brokers and, if applicable, their respective agents and representatives and closing Investment Transactions and Financing Transactions on behalf of the Company;
 
(iv)  effecting any private placement of interests in the Operating Partnership, tenancy-in-common or other interests in Investments as may be approved by the Board;

 
7

 

(v)  delivering to, or maintaining on behalf of, the Company copies of all appraisals obtained in connection with the Investments in any Real Estate Assets as may be required to be obtained by the Board;
 
(vi)  negotiating and causing the Company to enter into, within the discretionary limits and authority granted by the Board, repurchase agreements, interest rate swap agreements, agreements relating to borrowings under programs established by the U.S. Government and other agreements and instruments required to conduct the business of the Company;
 
(vii)  engaging and supervising, at the expense of the Company, independent contractors that provide investment banking, securities brokerage, mortgage brokerage, real estate brokerage services, other financial services, due diligence services, underwriting review services, legal and accounting services, and all other services (including transfer agent and registrar services) as may be required relating to the Company’s operations, Investments, Investment Transactions or Financing Transactions;
 
(viii)  advising the Company on, preparing, negotiating and entering into, on behalf of the Company, applications and agreements relating to programs established by the U.S. Government;
 
(ix)  coordinating and managing operations of any joint venture or co-investment interests held by the Company and conducting all matters with the joint venture or co-investment partners;
 
(x)  providing executive and administrative personnel, office space and office services required in rendering services to the Company;
 
(xi)  entering into on behalf of the Company leases and service contracts in connection with the Investments and administering the day-to-day operations and performing and supervising the performance of such other administrative functions necessary to the Company’s management under oversight by the Board, including the collection of revenues and the payment of the Company’s debts and obligations and maintenance of appropriate computer services to perform such administrative functions;
 
(xii)  communicating on the Company’s behalf with the holders of any equity or debt securities of PAC or the Operating Partnership as required to satisfy the reporting and other requirements of any governmental body or agency or trading market and to maintain effective relations with such holders;
 
(xiii)  evaluating and recommending to the Board hedging strategies and engaging on the Company’s behalf in hedging activities within the discretionary limits and authority as granted by the Board, consistent with the Company’s qualification as a REIT and with the Investment Guidelines;
 
(xiv)  counseling the Board and the Company regarding the maintenance of PAC’s qualification as a REIT and monitoring compliance with the various REIT qualification tests and other rules set out in the Code and Treasury Regulations thereunder and using commercially reasonable efforts to cause PAC to qualify for taxation as a REIT;

 
8

 

(xv)  counseling the Board and the Company regarding the maintenance of PAC’s exemption from the status of an investment company required to register under the Investment Company Act, monitoring compliance with the requirements for maintaining such exemption and using commercially reasonable efforts to cause PAC to maintain such exemption from such status;
 
(xvi)  furnishing reports and statistical and economic research to the Board regarding the activities and services performed for the Company by the Manager, including reports with respect to potential conflicts of interest involving the Manager or any of its Affiliates;
 
(xvii)  monitoring the performance of the Investments and providing periodic reports with respect thereto to the Board, including comparative information with respect to such operating performance and budgeted or projected operating results;
 
(xviii)  investing and reinvesting any moneys and securities of the Company within the discretionary limits and authority as granted by the Board (including investing in short-term investments pending investment in other Investments, payment of fees, costs and expenses) and advising the Company with respect to its equity and debt capitalization and its financing strategies, and the payments of dividends or distributions to PAC’s stockholders and the Operating Partnership’s partners;
 
(xix)  causing the Company to retain qualified accountants and legal counsel, as applicable, to assist in developing appropriate accounting procedures and systems, internal controls and other compliance procedures and testing systems with respect to financial reporting obligations and compliance with the provisions of the Code applicable to REITs and, if applicable, taxable REIT subsidiaries, and to conduct quarterly compliance reviews with respect thereto;
 
(xx)  assisting the Company in qualifying to do business in all applicable jurisdictions and to obtain and maintain all appropriate licenses;
 
(xxi)  assisting the Company in complying with all laws and regulatory requirements applicable to the Company’s business activities, including preparing or causing to be prepared all financial statements required under applicable regulations and contractual undertakings and all reports and documents, if any, required under the Exchange Act, the Securities Act, state or foreign securities laws or by the AMEX;
 
(xxii)  assisting the Company in taking all necessary action to enable the Company to make required tax filings and reports, including soliciting information from stockholders to the extent required by the provisions of the Code applicable to REITs;
 
(xxiii)  handling and resolving all claims, disputes or controversies (including all litigation, arbitration, settlement or other proceedings or negotiations) in which the Company may be involved or to which the Company or the Company’s properties or assets may be subject arising out of the Company’s day-to-day operations (other than with the Manager or its Affiliates), subject to such limitations or parameters as may be imposed from time to time by the Board;

 
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(xxiv)  using commercially reasonable efforts to cause expenses incurred on behalf of the Company to be commercially reasonable or commercially customary and within any budgeted parameters or expense guidelines proposed by the Manager and approved by the Board from time to time;
 
(xxv)  advising the Board regarding the Company’s equity and debt financings, hedging activities and joint venture arrangements including (A) advising the Board on the appropriateness of the Company’s leverage ratio, levels of preferred and common equity financing, pricing of equity offerings, derivative positions and strategies and off-balance sheet arrangements, and (B) seeking to execute on the Company’s behalf Financing Transactions, equity offerings, hedging transactions and joint ventures and off-balance sheet transactions consistent with the Board’s directions and the Company’s financing policies as approved by the Board;
 
(xxvi)  providing portfolio management services to the Company;
 
(xxvii)  arranging marketing materials, advertising, industry group activities (such as conference participations and industry organization memberships) and other promotional efforts designed to promote the Company’s business; and
 
(xxviii)  performing such other services as may be required from time to time for management and other activities relating to the Company’s assets and business as the Board shall reasonably request or the Manager shall deem appropriate under the particular circumstances.
 
(d)           The Manager may retain, for and on behalf, and at the sole cost and expense, of the Company, such services of the Persons referred to in Section 8 as the Manager deems necessary or advisable in connection with the management and operations of the Company.  In performing its duties under this Section 2 , the Manager shall be entitled to rely reasonably on qualified experts and professionals (including accountants, legal counsel and other professional service providers) hired by the Manager at the Company’s sole cost and expense.
 
(e)           The Manager shall refrain from any action that, in its sole judgment made in good faith, (i) is not in compliance with the Investment Guidelines, (ii) would adversely and materially affect the qualification of PAC as a REIT or the Operating Partnership as a partnership under the Code or the Company’s status as an entity excluded from investment company status under the Investment Company Act, or (iii) would conflict with or violate (A) any law, rule or regulation of any governmental body or agency having jurisdiction over any Company Entity, (B) any rule of any exchange on which the securities of the Company may be listed, or (C) any applicable Governing Instruments.  The Manager may proceed with taking an action described above if further instructed to do so by the Board.  If the Manager is ordered to take any action by the Board, the Manager promptly shall notify the Board if it is the Manager’s judgment that such action would adversely and materially affect such qualification or status or conflict with or violate any such law, rule or regulation or Governing Instruments.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, neither the Manager nor any of its Affiliates shall be liable to any Company Entity, the Board, any of the stockholders, partners, members or other holders of equity interests of any Company Entity for any act or omission by the Manager or any of its Affiliates, except as provided in Section 9 .

 
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(f)           The Manager shall notify the Board of all proposed Investment Transactions before they are completed.  The Manager shall seek and obtain Board approval of any Investment Transaction that does not meet the Investment Guidelines.  Subject to this Section 7(f) , the Manager may execute without Board approval (but, in all cases, with advance notice to the Board) any Investment Transaction that fits within the Investment Guidelines.  If any transaction requires approval by the Independent Directors, the Manager will deliver to the Independent Directors all documents and other information reasonably required by them to evaluate properly the proposed transaction.  With respect to Investment Transactions for which Board approval is not required but advance notice is required, the Manager shall provide to the Board a summary of its investment analysis with respect to the proposed Investment Transaction.  The Board may, at any time upon the giving of notice to the Manager, modify or revoke the authority set forth in this Section 2(f) ; provided , however , that such modification or revocation shall be effective upon receipt by the Manager and shall not be applicable to Investment Transactions to which the Manager has committed the Company prior to the date of receipt by the Manager of such notification.
 
(g)           The Company will take all actions reasonably required to permit and enable the Manager to carry out its duties and obligations under this Agreement, including all steps reasonably necessary to allow the Manager to file any registration statement or other filing required to be made under the Securities Act, Exchange Act, the AMEX’s Company Guide, the Code or other applicable law, rule or regulation on behalf of the Company in a timely manner.  The Company will use commercially reasonable efforts to make available to the Manager all resources, information and materials reasonably requested by the Manager to enable the Manager to satisfy its obligations hereunder, including its obligations to deliver financial statements and any other information or reports with respect to the Company.
 
(h)           As frequently as the Manager may deem necessary or advisable, or at the direction of the Board, the Manager shall prepare (or, at the sole cost and expense of the Company, cause to be prepared) reports and other information relating to any proposed or consummated Investment.
 
(i)            The Manager shall prepare (or, at the sole cost and expense of the Company, cause to be prepared) all reports, financial or otherwise, reasonably required by the Board in order for the Company Entities to comply with their respective Governing Instruments or as otherwise reasonably requested by the Board, including an annual audit of PAC’s consolidated financial statements by a nationally recognized independent accounting firm.
 
(j)            The Manager shall prepare (or, at the sole cost and expense to the Company, cause to be prepared) regular reports for the Board to enable the Board to review the Company’s acquisitions, Investment portfolio composition and characteristics, credit quality, performance and compliance with the Investment Guidelines and policies approved by the Board.

 
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(k)           Officers, employees and agents of the Manager and its Affiliates may serve as directors, officers, agents, nominees or signatories for any Company Entity, to the extent permitted by their respective Governing Instruments, by any resolutions duly adopted by the Board, the Operating Partnership or such subsidiary.  When executing documents or otherwise acting in such capacities for any Company Entity, such Persons shall indicate in what capacity they are executing on behalf of such Company Entity.  Without limiting the foregoing, while this Agreement is in effect, the Manager will establish a management team, including a chief executive officer and president or similar positions, along with appropriate support personnel, to provide the management services to be provided by the Manager to the Company Entities hereunder, who shall devote such of their time to the management of the Investments and consideration of the Investment Guidelines and policies as necessary and appropriate, commensurate with the level of activity of the Company from time to time.
 
(l)            The Manager, at its sole cost and expense, shall maintain reasonable and customary “errors and omissions” insurance coverage and other customary insurance coverage in respect to its obligations and activities under, or pursuant to, this Agreement, naming PAC and the Operating Partnership as additional insureds.
 
(m)          The Manager, at its sole cost and expense, shall provide such internal audit, compliance and control services as may be required for the Company to comply with applicable law (including the Securities Act and Exchange Act), regulation (including SEC regulations) and the rules and requirements of the AMEX and as otherwise reasonably requested by the Company or the Board from time to time.
 
(n)           The Manager, at its sole cost and expense, shall maintain any required registration of the Manager or any Affiliate with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, or with any state securities authority in any state in which the Manager or its Affiliate is required to be registered as an investment advisor under applicable state securities laws.
 
 
Section 3.
Conduct Policies.
 
The Manager acknowledges receipt of the Company’s Code of Business Conduct and Ethics and the Company’s Policy on Insider Trading (collectively, the “ Conduct Policies ”) and will use commercially reasonable efforts to require the Persons who provide services to the Company to comply with the Conduct Policies in the performance of such services hereunder or such comparable policies as shall in substance hold such Persons to at least the standards of conduct set forth in the Conduct Policies.
 
 
Section 4.
Additional Activities of the Manager; Non-Solicitation; Restrictions.
 
(a)           Subject to Section 4(c) and except as may be provided in the Investment Guidelines, nothing in this Agreement shall:  (i) prevent the Manager, any of its Affiliates or any of their respective officers, directors or employees, from engaging in other businesses or from rendering services of any kind to any other Person, whether or not the investment objectives or policies of any such other Person are similar to those of the Company; provided , however , that the Manager devotes sufficient resources to the Company’s business to discharge its obligations to the Company under this Agreement; or (ii) in any way bind or restrict the Manager, any of its Affiliates or any of their respective officers, directors or employees from buying, selling or trading any securities or commodities for their own accounts or for the account of others for whom the Manager, any of its Affiliates or any of their respective officers, directors or employees may be acting.

 
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(b)           While information and recommendations supplied to the Company shall, in the Manager’s good faith judgment, be appropriate under the circumstances and in light of the investment objectives and policies of the Company, they may be different from the information and recommendations supplied by the Manager or any Affiliate of the Manager to others.  The Company shall be entitled to equitable treatment under the circumstances in receiving information, recommendations and any other services, but the Company recognizes that the Company is not entitled to receive preferential treatment as compared with the treatment given by the Manager or any Affiliate of the Manager to others.
 
(c)           The Manager shall report to the Board any condition or circumstance, existing or anticipated, of which it has knowledge, which creates or could create a conflict of interest between the Manager’s obligations to the Company and its obligations to or its interest in any other Person.  If the Manager or any of its Affiliates sponsored any other investment program with similar investment objectives to the Company that has investment funds available at the same time as the Company, the Manager shall inform the Board of the method to be applied by the Manager in allocating investment opportunities among the Company and competing investment entities and shall provide regular updates to the Board of the investment opportunities provided by the Manager to competing programs in order for the Board (including the Independent Directors) to evaluate that the Manager is allocating such opportunities in accordance with such method.
 
(d)           In the event of a Termination Without Cause of this Agreement by the Company pursuant to Section 11(b) , for a period of two years from and after the date of such termination of this Agreement, the Company shall not (and shall cause each of the Company Entities to not), without the consent of the Manager, employ or otherwise retain (directly or indirectly any Company Entity) any Person who was employed as an executive by the Manager or any of its Affiliates on the date of such termination or any Person who shall have been employed as an executive by the Manager or any of its Affiliates at any time within the two-year period immediately preceding the date on which such Person is scheduled to commence employment with or otherwise be retained by the Company or any other Company Entity.  The Company acknowledges and agrees that, in addition to any damages, the Manager shall be entitled to equitable relief for any violation of this Section 4(d) by PAC or the Operating Partnership (directly or indirectly through any of their respective subsidiaries), including injunctive relief.
 
 
Section 5.
Bank Accounts.
 
At the direction of the Board, the Manager may establish and maintain one or more bank accounts in the name of any Company Entity, and may collect and deposit into any such account or accounts, and disburse funds from any such account or accounts, under such policies, terms and conditions as the Company may establish and the Board may approve, provided that no funds shall be commingled with the funds of the Manager or its Affiliates.  The Manager shall from time to time render appropriate accountings of such collections and payments to the Board and, upon request, shall provide information regarding such account to the Company’s auditors.

 
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Section 6.
Records; Confidentiality.
 
(a)           The Manager shall maintain appropriate books of accounts and records relating to services performed hereunder, and such books of account and records shall be accessible for inspection by representatives of the Company Entities at any time during normal business hours.  The Manager shall keep confidential any and all non-public information, written or oral, obtained by it in connection with the services rendered hereunder (“ Confidential Information ”)   and shall not use Confidential Information except in furtherance of its duties under this Agreement or disclose Confidential Information, in whole or in part, to any Person other than (i) to its Affiliates and the officers, directors, employees, agents, representatives or advisors of the Manager or any of its Affiliates who need to know such Confidential Information for the purpose of rendering services hereunder, (ii) to appraisers, financing sources and others in the ordinary course of the Company’s business ((i) and (ii) collectively, “ Manager Permitted Disclosure Parties ”), (iii) in connection with any governmental or regulatory filings of the Company, or filings with the AMEX or other applicable securities exchange or market, (iv) in presentations or other disclosures to the Company’s investors (subject to compliance with Regulation FD), (iv) to governmental officials having jurisdiction over the Company, (v) as requested by law or legal process to which the Manager or any Person to whom disclosure is permitted hereunder is a party, or (vi) with the consent of the Company.  The Manager will inform each of its Manager Permitted Disclosure Parties of the non-public nature of the Confidential Information and to obtain agreement from such Persons to treat such Confidential Information in accordance with the terms hereof.
 
(b)           Nothing herein shall prevent any Manager Permitted Disclosure Party from disclosing Confidential Information (i) upon the order of any court or administrative agency, (ii) upon the request or demand of, or pursuant to any law or regulation to, any regulatory agency or authority, (iii) to the extent reasonably required in connection with the exercise of any remedy hereunder, or (iv) to its legal counsel or independent auditors; provided , however , that with respect to clauses (i) and (ii), it is agreed that, so long as not legally prohibited, the Manager will provide PAC with prompt written notice of such order, request or demand so that PAC may seek, at its sole expense, an appropriate protective order and/or waive any Manager Permitted Disclosure Party’s compliance with the provisions of this Agreement.  If, failing the entry of a protective order or the receipt of a waiver hereunder, the Manager is required to disclose Confidential Information, the Manager Permitted Disclosure Party may disclose only that portion of such information that is legally required without liability hereunder; provided , however , that the Manager Permitted Disclosure Party agrees to exercise commercially reasonable efforts to obtain reliable assurance that confidential treatment will be accorded such information.
 
(c)           Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the following types of Confidential Information shall be deemed to be excluded from provisions hereof:  (i) any Confidential Information that is available to the public from a source other than the Manager or its Affiliates, (ii) any Confidential Information that is released in writing by any of the Company Entities to the public (except to the extent exempt under, and in compliance with, Regulation FD) or to persons who are not under similar obligation of confidentiality to any of the Company Entities; and (iii) any Confidential Information that is obtained by the Manager from a third party which, to the Manager’s knowledge, does not constitute a breach by such third party of an obligation of confidence with respect to the Confidential Information disclosed.

 
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(d)           The provisions of this Section 6 shall survive the expiration or earlier termination of this Agreement for a period of two years thereafter, provided that the parties will maintain trade secrets of the other party identified in writing as trade secrets, and which in fact constitute trade secrets, for a period of no longer than five years thereafter.
 
 
Section 7.
Compensation.
 
(a)            Acquisition Fee .  The Company shall pay an Acquisition Fee to the Manager or its assignees as compensation for services rendered in connection with the investigation, selection and acquisition (by purchase, investment or exchange) of Investments.  The total Acquisition Fee payable to the Manager or its assignees shall equal 1.0% of the purchase price of Real Estate Assets and 1.0% of the amount advanced for Real Estate Related Loans or other Investments (other than Real Estate Assets), along with reimbursement of Acquisition Expenses actually incurred by the Manager or any of its Affiliates; provided , however , that no Acquisition Fee will be payable until the Closing Date, although it may accrue before the Closing Date.  The purchase price of Real Estate Assets shall equal the amount paid or allocated to the acquisition (by purchase, investment or exchange) of the Real Estate Assets inclusive of expenses related thereto and the amount of debt assumed in connection with such Investment or to which such Investment may be subject following such acquisition, but exclusive of Acquisition Fees.  The purchase price allocable for an Investment held through a Joint Venture shall equal the product of (i) the purchase price of, or the amount advanced for, the Investment, as applicable, determined as stated above, and (ii) the direct or indirect ownership percentage in the Joint Venture held directly or indirectly by any Company Entity.  For purposes of this paragraph, “ ownership percentage ” shall be the percentage of capital stock, membership interests, partnership interests or other equity interests held by any Company Entity, without regard to classification of such equity interests.  The Company shall pay to the Manager or its assignees the Acquisition Fee promptly upon the closing of the Investment, subject to the proviso set forth above.
 
(b)            Asset Management Fee .  The Company shall pay a monthly Asset Management Fee to the Manager or its assignees as compensation for services rendered in connection with the management of the Investments.  The Asset Management Fee shall be payable monthly in cash or shares of PAC’s Common Stock, at the option of the Manager, and shall be equal to one-twelfth of 0.50% of the total value of the Company’s assets (including cash or cash equivalents) held as of the last day of the immediately preceding month, based on the adjusted cost of the Company’s assets before reduction for depreciation, amortization, impairment charges and cumulative acquisition costs charged to expense in accordance with GAAP (adjusted cost of Real Estate Assets and Real Estate Related Loans will include the purchase price, Acquisition Expenses, capital expenditures and other customarily capitalized costs) and as adjusted for appropriate closing dates for individual asset acquisitions.  The Asset Management Fee will be appropriately pro rated for any partial month.

 
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(c)            Property Management and Leasing Fee .  The Company shall pay a Property Management and Leasing Fee to the Manager or its assignees as compensation for services rendered in connection with the rental, leasing, operation and management of the Company’s Real Estate Assets and the supervision of any non-Affiliates that are engaged by the Manager to provide such services in an amount equal to 4.0% of the gross revenues of properties managed per month.  The Manager may subcontract the performance of its property management and leasing services duties to third parties (including its Affiliates) and pay all or a portion of the Property Management and Leasing Fee to such persons with whom it contracts for these services. The Manager will be responsible for all fees payable to third parties (including its Affiliates) in connection with subcontracted property management and leasing duties. The Property Management and Leasing Fee will be payable monthly in arrears, based on the actual gross revenues for the prior month.
 
(d)            Disposition Fee on Sale of Assets .  In connection with a sale or other disposition of an Investment (except for such Investments that are traded on a national securities exchange) in which the Manager or any Affiliate of the Manager provides a substantial amount of services, as determined by a majority of the Independent Directors, the Company shall pay to the Manager or its assignees a Disposition Fee on Sale of Assets up to the lesser of (i) one-half of a Competitive Real Estate Commission and (ii) 1.0% of the Contract Sales Price of such Investment; provided , however ,   that in no event may the Disposition Fee on Sale of Assets paid to the Manager, its Affiliates and non-Affiliates exceed the lesser of 6.0% of the Contract Sales Price and a Competitive Real Estate Commission.  If the sale or disposition involves the receipt of publicly traded securities or operating partnership units that may be redeemed for or converted into publicly traded securities, then the Disposition Fee on Sale of Assets shall be receivable upon the receipt of such consideration, notwithstanding the fact that such consideration may at that time be publicly traded or valued by reference to a publicly traded security.
 
(e)            Construction Fee, Development Fee and Landscaping Fee .  The Company shall pay a Construction Fee, Development Fee and/or Landscaping Fee to the Manager or its assignees as compensation for services rendered in connection with the construction, development or landscaping of the Real Estate Assets and the supervision of any non-Affiliates that are engaged by then Manager to provide such services in an amount equal to the customary and competitive market rates in light of the size, type and location of the Real Estate Assets.
 
(f)            Exclusion of Certain Transactions .  If any Company Entity shall propose to enter into any transaction in which the Manager, any Affiliate of the Manager or any of the Manager’s directors or officers has a direct or indirect interest, then such transaction shall be approved by a majority of the Board not otherwise interested in such transaction, including a majority of the Independent Directors.
 
(g)            Limitation on Total Asset Management Fees, Property Management and Leasing Fees and General and Administrative Expenses Fee .  The total amount of the Asset Management Fees, Property Management and Leasing Fees and General and Administrative Expenses Fee payable in connection with the Company’s investments paid or reimbursed to the Manager shall not exceed 1.50% of the total value of the Company’s assets (including cash and cash equivalents) based on the adjusted cost of the Company’s assets before reduction for depreciation, amortization, impairment charges and cumulative acquisition costs charged to expense in accordance with GAAP (adjusted cost will include the gross contract purchase price, Acquisition Expenses, capital expenditures and other customarily capitalized costs).

 
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(h)            General and Administrative Expenses Fee .  The Company shall pay a General and Administrative Expenses Fee in an amount equal to 2.0% of the gross revenues of the Company per month.
 
 
Section 8.
Expenses of the Company.
 
(a)           The Manager shall be responsible for the expenses related to any and all personnel of the Manager and its Affiliates who provide services to the Company pursuant to this Agreement (including each of the officers and directors of the Company who are also directors, officers, employees or agents of the Manager or any of its Affiliates), including salaries, bonus and other wages, payroll taxes, the cost of employee benefit plans of such personnel, and costs of insurance with respect to such personnel.  For the avoidance of doubt, any equity incentive plan of PAC or the Operating Partnership in which any person referred to above participates shall be excluded from the operation of this Section 8(a) .
 
(b)           The Company shall pay (or cause to be paid) all the costs and expenses of each Company Entity and shall reimburse the Manager or its Affiliates for expenses of the Manager and its Affiliates incurred on behalf of any Company Entity, excepting only those expenses that are specifically the responsibility of the Manager pursuant to Section 8(a) and subject to Section 7(g) .  Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, it is specifically agreed that the following costs and expenses of the Company Entities shall be paid (or caused to be paid) by the Company and shall not be paid by the Manager or Affiliates of the Manager:
 
(i)  Acquisition Expenses incurred in connection with the selection and acquisition of Investments;
 
(ii)  General and Administrative Expenses Fee;
 
(iii)  expenses in connection with the issuance of securities of the Company, any Financing Transaction and other costs incident to the acquisition, disposition and financing of the Investments;
 
(iv)  costs of legal, tax, accounting, consulting, auditing and other similar services rendered to the Company by providers retained by the Manager, or, if provided by the Manager’s personnel, in amounts which are no greater than those which would be payable to outside professionals or consultants engaged to perform such services pursuant to agreements negotiated on an arm’s-length basis;
 
(v)  the compensation and expenses of the Directors and the cost of liability insurance to indemnify the Company and its officers and the Directors;

 
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(vi)  expenses connected with communications to holders of the securities of any Company Entity and other bookkeeping and clerical work necessary in maintaining relations with holders of such securities and in complying with the continuous reporting and other requirements of governmental bodies or agencies, including all costs of preparing and filing required reports with the SEC, the costs payable by the Company to any transfer agent and registrar in connection with the listing and/or trading of the Company’s securities on any exchange, the fees payable by the Company to any such exchange in connection with its listing, costs of preparing, printing and mailing PAC’s annual report to its stockholders or the Operating Partnership’s partners, as applicable, and proxy materials with respect to any meeting of PAC’s stockholders or the Operating Partnership’s partners, as applicable;
 
(vii)  costs associated with any computer software or hardware, electronic equipment or purchased information technology services from third-party vendors that is used for the Company Entities;
 
(viii)  expenses incurred by managers, officers, personnel and agents of the Manager for travel on the Company’s behalf and other out-of-pocket expenses incurred by managers, officers, personnel and agents of the Manager in connection with the purchase, financing, refinancing, sale or other disposition of an Investment or in connection with any Financing Transaction;
 
(ix)  costs and expenses incurred with respect to market information systems and publications, research publications and materials, and settlement, clearing and custodial fees and expenses;
 
(x)  the costs of maintaining compliance with all federal, state and local rules and regulations or any other regulatory agency;
 
(xi)  all taxes and license fees;
 
(xii)  all insurance costs incurred in connection with the operation of the Company’s business except for the costs attributable to the insurance that the Manager elects to carry for itself and its personnel;
 
(xiii)  costs and expenses incurred in contracting with third parties;
 
(xiv)  all other costs and expenses relating to the Company’s business and investment operations, including the costs and expenses of owning, protecting, maintaining, developing and disposing of Investments, including appraisal, reporting, audit and legal fees;
 
(xv)  expenses relating to any office(s) or office facilities, including disaster backup recovery sites and facilities, maintained for the Company Entities or the Investments of the Company separate from the office or offices of the Manager;
 
(xvi)  expenses connected with the payments of interest, dividends or distributions in cash or any other form authorized or caused to be made by the Board, the Operating Partnership or other governing body to or on account of holders of the securities of any Company Entity, including in connection with any dividend reinvestment plan;

 
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(xvii)  any judgment or settlement of pending or threatened proceedings (whether civil, criminal or otherwise) against any Company Entity, or against any trustee, director, partner, member or officer of such Company Entity in his capacity as such for which such Company Entity is required to indemnify such trustee, director, partner, member or officer pursuant to the applicable Governing Instruments or any agreement or other instrument or by any court or governmental agency; and
 
(xviii)  all other expenses actually incurred by the Manager (except as otherwise specified herein) which are reasonably necessary or advisable for the performance by the Manager of its duties and functions under this Agreement.
 
(c)           Costs and expenses incurred by the Manager on behalf of the Company shall be reimbursed monthly to the Manager.  The Manager shall prepare a written statement in reasonable detail documenting the costs and expenses of the Company and those incurred by the Manager on behalf of the Company during each month, and shall deliver such written statement to the Company within 30 days after the end of each month.  The Company shall pay all amounts payable to the Manager pursuant to this Section 8(c) within five Business Days after the receipt of the written statement without demand, deduction, offset or delay.  Cost and expense reimbursement to the Manager shall be subject to adjustment at the end of each calendar year in connection with the annual audit of the Company.  The provisions of this Section 8 shall survive the expiration or earlier termination of this Agreement to the extent such expenses have previously been incurred or are incurred in connection with such expiration or termination.
 
 
Section 9.
Limits of the Manager’s Responsibility; Indemnification.
 
(a)           The Manager, its Affiliates and their respective directors, officers, employees, partners, members, stockholders, other equity holders agents and representatives (each, a “ Manager Indemnified Party ”), will not be liable to any Company Entity or any of the stockholders, partners, members or other holders equity interests of any Company Entity for any acts or omissions by any Manager Indemnified Party performed in accordance with and pursuant to this Agreement, except by reason of any act or omission constituting bad faith, willful misconduct or gross negligence on the part of such Manager Indemnified Party.  The Company shall, to the fullest lawful extent, reimburse, indemnify and hold harmless each Manager Indemnified Party, of and from any and all expenses, losses, damages, liabilities, demands, charges and claims of any nature whatsoever (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs of investigation) (collectively “ Losses ”) in respect of or arising from any acts or omissions of such Manager Indemnified Party performed in good faith under this Agreement and not constituting bad faith, willful misconduct or gross negligence on the part of such Manager Indemnified Party.  In addition, the Company shall advance funds to a Manager Indemnified Party for legal fees and other costs and expenses incurred as a result of any claim, suit, action or proceeding for which indemnification is being sought, provided that such Manager Indemnified Party undertakes to repay the advanced funds to the Company, together with the applicable legal rate of interest thereon, in cases in which such Manager Indemnified Party is found pursuant to a final and non-appealable order or judgment to not be entitled to indemnification.

 
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(b)           The Manager shall, to the fullest lawful extent, reimburse, indemnify and hold harmless the Company (each, a “ Company Indemnified Party ”) of and from any and all Losses in respect of or arising from (i) any acts or omissions of the Manager constituting bad faith, willful misconduct or gross negligence on the part of the Manager, or (ii) any claims by the Manager’s employees relating to the terms and conditions of their employment by the Manager.  The Manager assumes no responsibility under this Agreement other than to render in good faith the services specifically designated as to be provided by the Manager hereunder and shall not be responsible for any action of the Board in following or declining to follow any advice or recommendations of the Manager, including as set forth in the Investment Guidelines.  A Manager Indemnified Party and a Company Indemnified Party are each sometimes hereinafter referred to as an “ Indemnified Party .”
 
(c)           In case any such claim, suit, action or proceeding (a “ Claim ”) is brought against any Indemnified Party in respect of which indemnification may be sought by such Indemnified Party pursuant hereto, the Indemnified Party shall give prompt written notice thereof to the indemnifying party, which notice shall include all documents and information in the possession of or under the control of such Indemnified Party reasonably necessary for the evaluation and/or defense of such Claim and shall specifically state that indemnification for such Claim is being sought under this Section 9 ; provided , however , that the failure of the Indemnified Party to so notify the indemnifying party shall not limit or affect such Indemnified Party’s rights except to the extent that the indemnifying party is actually prejudiced thereby.  Upon receipt of such notice of Claim (together with such documents and information from such Indemnified Party), the indemnifying party shall, at its sole cost and expense, in good faith defend any such Claim with counsel reasonably satisfactory to such Indemnified Party, which counsel may, without limiting the rights of such Indemnified Party pursuant to the next succeeding sentence of this Section, also represent the indemnifying party in such investigation, action or proceeding.  In the alternative, such Indemnified Party may elect to conduct the defense of the Claim, if (i) such Indemnified Party reasonably determines that the conduct of its defense by the indemnifying party could be materially prejudicial to its interests, (ii) the indemnifying party refuses to assume such defense (or fails to give written notice to the Indemnified Party within ten days of receipt of a notice of Claim that the indemnifying party assumes such defense), or (iii) the indemnifying party shall have failed, in such Indemnified Party’s reasonable judgment, to defend the Claim in good faith.  The indemnifying party may settle any Claim against such Indemnified Party without such Indemnified Party’s consent, provided (A) such settlement is without any Losses whatsoever to such Indemnified Party, (B) the settlement does not include or require any admission of liability or culpability by such Indemnified Party, (C) the indemnifying party obtains an effective written release of liability for such Indemnified Party from the party to the Claim with whom such settlement is being made, which release must be reasonably acceptable to such Indemnified Party, and a dismissal with prejudice with respect to all claims made by the party against such Indemnified Party in connection with such Claim, and (D) such settlement does not provide for any equitable relief.  The applicable Indemnified Party shall reasonably cooperate with the indemnifying party, at the indemnifying party’s sole cost and expense, in connection with the defense or settlement of any Claim in accordance with the terms hereof.  If such Indemnified Party is entitled pursuant to this Section 9 to elect to defend such Claim by counsel of its own choosing and so elects, then the indemnifying party shall be responsible for any good faith settlement of such Claim entered into by such Indemnified Party.  Except as provided in the immediately preceding sentence, no Indemnified Party may pay or settle any Claim and seek reimbursement therefor under this Section 9 .

 
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(d)           The provisions of this Section 9 shall survive the expiration or earlier termination of this Agreement.
 
 
Section 10.
No Joint Venture.
 
The parties to this Agreement are not partners or joint venturers with each other and nothing herein shall be construed to make them partners or joint venturers or impose any liability as such on either of them.
 
 
Section 11.
Term; Renewal; Termination Without Cause.
 
(a)           This Agreement shall become effective on the Closing Date and shall continue in operation, unless terminated in accordance with the terms hereof, until the fifth anniversary of the Closing Date (the “ Initial Term ”).  After the Initial Term, this Agreement shall be deemed renewed automatically each year for an additional one-year period (an “ Automatic Renewal Term ”), unless the Company or the Manager elects not to renew this Agreement in accordance with Section 11(b) or Section 11(d) , respectively.
 
(b)           Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement to the contrary, upon written notice provided to the Manager no later than 180 days prior to the expiration of the Initial Term or any Automatic Renewal Term (the “ Termination Notice ”), the Company may, without cause, in connection with the expiration of the Initial Term or the then current Automatic Renewal Term, decline to renew this Agreement (any such nonrenewal, a “ Termination Without Cause ”) upon the affirmative vote of at least 75% of the Independent Directors that includes a finding by such 75% majority either that (i) there has been unsatisfactory performance by the Manager that is materially detrimental to the Company Entities, taken as a whole, or (ii) the fees payable to the Manager under Section 7 are not, taken as a whole, in accordance with then-current market rates charged by asset management companies rendering services similar to those rendered by the Manager (“ Above-Market Rates ”), subject to Section 11(c) , and only after reasonable investigation by the Independent Directors as to the market rates charged by similarly situated managers.  In the event of a Termination Without Cause, the Company shall pay the Manager the Fees Accrued Upon Termination before or on the last day of the Initial Term or such Automatic Renewal Term, as the case may be (the “ Effective Termination Date ”).  The Company may terminate this Agreement for cause pursuant to Section 13 even after a Termination Notice and, in such case, no Fees Accrued Upon Termination shall be payable.

 
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(c)           Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 11(b) , if the reason for nonrenewal specified in the Company’s Termination Notice is that 75% of the Independent Directors have determined that the fees payable to the Manager under Section 7 are, taken as a whole, at Above-Market Rates, then the Company shall not have the foregoing nonrenewal right if the Manager agrees that it will continue to perform its duties hereunder during the Automatic Renewal Term that would commence upon the expiration of the Initial Term or then current Automatic Renewal Term at rates that at least 75% of the Independent Directors determine to be at or below market rates, taken as a whole; provided , however , that if the Independent Directors have made such a determination, the Manager shall have the right to renegotiate the rate of fees payable to the Manager under Section 7 as so determined by the Independent Directors, by delivering to the Company, not less than 120 days prior to the pending Effective Termination Date, written notice (a “ Notice of Proposal to Negotiate ”) of its intention to renegotiate the fees payable to the Manager under Section 7 .  Thereupon, the Company and the Manager shall endeavor to negotiate the fees payable to the Manager under Section 7 in good faith.  Provided that the Company and the Manager agree to a revised fee structure under Section 7 within 60 days following the Company’s receipt of the Notice of Proposal to Negotiate, the Termination Notice from the Company shall be deemed of no force and effect, and this Agreement shall continue in full force and effect on the terms stated herein, except that the compensation structure shall be the revised compensation structure as then agreed upon by the Company and the Manager.  The Company and the Manager agree to execute and deliver an amendment of this Agreement setting forth such revised fee structure promptly upon reaching an agreement regarding same.  If the Company and the Manager are unable to agree to a revised compensation structure during such 60-day period, this Agreement shall terminate on the Effective Termination Date and the Company shall be obligated to pay the Manager the Fees Accrued Upon Termination upon the Effective Termination Date.
 
(d)           No later than 180 days prior to the expiration of the Initial Term or the then current Automatic Renewal Term, the Manager may deliver written notice to the Company informing the Company of the Manager’s intention to discontinue performance of services pursuant to this Agreement as of the upcoming expiration date, whereupon this Agreement shall not be renewed and extended and this Agreement shall terminate effective on the anniversary date of this Agreement next following the delivery of such notice.  The Company shall not be required to pay to the Manager the Fees Accrued Upon Termination if the Manager terminates this Agreement pursuant to this Section 11(d) .
 
(e)           Except as set forth in this Section 11 , a non-renewal of this Agreement pursuant to this Section 11 shall be without any further liability or obligation of any party to the others, except as provided in Sections 6 , 8 , 9 and 15 .
 
(f)           The Manager shall cooperate with the Company in executing an orderly transition of the management of PAC’s consolidated assets to a new manager.
 
 
Section 12.
Assignments.
 
(a)            Assignments by the Manager.  This Agreement shall terminate automatically without payment of the Fees Accrued Upon Termination in the event of its assignment, in whole or in part, by the Manager, unless such assignment has been consented to in writing by (i) the Company with the consent of a majority of the Independent Directors, and (ii) the Operating Partnership.  Any such permitted assignment shall bind the assignee under this Agreement in the same manner as the Manager is bound, and the Manager shall be liable to the Company for all acts or omissions of the assignee under any such assignment to the same extent had such delegation not occurred.  In addition, the assignee shall execute and deliver to the Company a counterpart of this Agreement naming such assignee as the Manager.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Manager may, without the approval of the Company’s Independent Directors, (A) assign this Agreement to an Affiliate of the Manager, and (B) delegate to one or more of its Affiliates the performance of any of its responsibilities hereunder so long as it remains liable for any such Affiliate’s performance to the same extent had such delegation not occurred, in each case so long as assignment or delegation does not require the Company’s approval under the Investment Company Act (but if such approval is required, the Company shall not unreasonably withhold, condition or delay its consent).  Nothing contained in this Agreement shall preclude any pledge, hypothecation, assignment or other transfer of any amounts payable to the Manager under this Agreement.

 
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(b)            Assignments by the Company.  This Agreement shall not be assigned by the Company without the prior written consent of the Manager, except in the case of assignment by the Company to another REIT or other organization which is a successor (by merger, consolidation, purchase of assets, or other transaction) to the Company, in which case such successor organization shall be bound under this Agreement and by the terms of such assignment in the same manner as the Company is bound under this Agreement.
 
 
Section 13.
Termination for Cause.
 
(a)           The Company may terminate this Agreement for cause effective upon 30 days’ prior written notice of termination from the Company to the Manager (a “ Cause Termination Notice ”), without payment of any Fees Accrued Upon Termination, upon the occurrence of:
 
(i)  a breach by the Manager, its agents or its assignees of any material provision of this Agreement and such breach shall continue for a period of 60 days after written notice thereof specifying such breach and requesting that the same be remedied in such 60-day period (or 90 days after written notice of such breach if the Manager takes steps to cure such breach within 60 days of the written notice);
 
(ii)  a Bankruptcy Event with respect to the Manager,
 
(iii)  a Manager Change of Control which a majority of the Independent Directors has determined to be materially detrimental to the Company Entities, taken as a whole;
 
(iv)  the dissolution of the Manager; or
 
(v)  (A) a final determination by a court that the Manager has committed fraud against the Company, the Manager has embezzled funds of the Company or the Manager has otherwise acted, or failed to act, in a manner constituting bad faith, willful misconduct, gross negligence or reckless disregard in the performance of its duties under this Agreement, (B) which act of fraud, embezzlement or other act or failure to act described in clause (v)(A) above has had a material adverse effect on the consolidated business, operations and financial condition of the Company, and (C) where a majority of the Independent Directors of PAC has voted affirmatively to terminate this Agreement for cause as a result of such fraud, embezzlement or other act or failure to act, which vote shall have occurred within 30 days following the final determination referred to in clause (v)(A) above; provided , however , if such fraud, embezzlement or other act or failure to act was committed by a person other than an executive officer of the Manager, then the Manager can cure the same by terminating the employment of such person on or prior to the 30 th day following such final determination, in which event the Company shall cease to have the right to terminate this Agreement for cause pursuant to this Section 13(a) and any Cause Termination Notice previously given in reliance on this clause (v) automatically shall be deemed to have been rescinded and nugatory.

 
23

 

(b)           The Manager may terminate this Agreement effective upon 60 days’ prior written notice of termination to the Company if the Company shall default in the performance or observance of any material term, condition or covenant contained in this Agreement and such default shall continue for a period of 60 days after written notice thereof specifying such default and requesting that the same be remedied in such 60-day period.  The Company shall be required to pay to the Manager the Fees Accrued Upon Termination if the termination of this Agreement is made pursuant to this Section 13(b) .
 
(c)           The Manager may terminate this Agreement if the Company becomes required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act, with such termination deemed to occur immediately before such event, in which case the Manager shall not be entitled to payment of the Fees Accrued Upon Termination.
 
 
Section 14.
Action Upon Termination.
 
From and after the effective date of termination of this Agreement pursuant to Section 11 , 12 or 13 , the Manager shall not be entitled to compensation for further services hereunder.  If the Manager is terminated pursuant to Sections 11(b) or 13(b) , it shall be paid all Fees Accrued Upon Termination.  Upon any such termination, the Manager shall forthwith:
 
(a)           after deducting any accrued compensation and reimbursement for its expenses to which it is then entitled, pay over to each Company Entity all money collected and held for the account of such Company Entity pursuant to this Agreement;
 
(b)           deliver to the Board a full accounting, including a statement showing all payments collected by it and a statement of all money held by it, covering the period following the date of the last accounting furnished to the Board with respect to the Company Entities;
 
(c)           deliver to the Board all property and documents of the Company Entities then in the custody of the Manager; and
 
(d)           cooperate with the Company Entities to provide an orderly management transition.

 
Section 15.
Release of Money or Other Property Upon Written Request.
 
The Manager agrees that any money or other property of the Company (which, for the purposes of this Section 15 , shall be deemed to include any and all of their respective subsidiaries, if any) held by the Manager shall be held by the Manager as custodian for the Company, and the Manager’s records shall be appropriately and clearly marked to reflect the ownership of such money or other property by the Company.  Upon the receipt by the Manager of a written request signed by a duly authorized officer of the Company requesting the Manager to release to the Company any money or other property then held by the Manager for the account of the Company under this Agreement, the Manager shall release such money or other property to the Company or within a reasonable period of time, but in no event later than 60 days following such request.  Upon delivery of such money or other property to the Company, the Manager shall not be liable to the Company, the Board, PAC’s stockholders, the Operating Partnership’s partners or any of the directors or equity holders of any subsidiary of the Company for any acts or omissions by the Company in connection with the money or other property released to the Company in accordance with this Section 15 .  The Company shall indemnify the Manager Indemnified Parties against any and all Losses which arise in connection with the Manager’s proper release of such money or other property to the Company in accordance with the terms of this Section 15 .  Indemnification pursuant to this provision shall be in addition to any right of the Manager Indemnified Parties to indemnification under Section 9 .
 
 
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Section 16.
Miscellaneous.
 
(a)            Notices.  All notices, requests, communications and demands (each a “ Notice ”) to, with or upon any of the respective parties shall be in writing and sent by (i) personal delivery, (ii) reputable overnight courier, (iii) facsimile transmission with telephonic confirmation (provided that such Notice also is sent contemporaneously by another method provided for in this Section 16(a) ), or (iv) registered or certified mail, postage prepaid, return receipt requested, addressed as set forth below (or to such other address as may be hereafter notified by the respective parties hereto in accordance with this Section 16(a) ):
 
PAC:
Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
3625 Cumberland Boulevard, Suite 400
Atlanta, Georgia 30339
Attention:  Leonard A. Silverstein, Esq.
Attention:  Jeffrey R. Sprain, Esq.
Fax:  (770) 818-4105
   
with a copy to:
Proskauer Rose LLP
Eleven Times Square
New York, New York 10036
Attention:  Peter M. Fass, Esq.
Attention:  James P. Gerkis, Esq.
Fax:  (212) 969-2900
   
The Operating Partnership:
Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
3625 Cumberland Boulevard, Suite 400
Atlanta, Georgia 30339
Attention:  Leonard A. Silverstein, Esq.
Attention:  Jeffrey R. Sprain, Esq.
Fax:  (770) 818-4105
   
with a copy to:
Proskauer Rose LLP
Eleven Times Square
New York, New York 10036
Attention:  Peter M. Fass, Esq.
Attention:  James P. Gerkis, Esq.
Fax:  (212) 969-2900

 
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The Manager:
Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC
3625 Cumberland Boulevard, Suite 400
Atlanta, Georgia 30339
Attention:  Leonard A. Silverstein, Esq.
Attention:  Jeffrey R. Sprain, Esq.
Fax:  (770) 818-4105
   
with a copy to:
Bass, Berry & Sims PLC
100 Peabody Place, Suite 900
Memphis, Tennessee 38103
Attention:  John A. Good, Esq.
Fax:  (901) 543-5901
 
Any Notice sent as aforesaid shall be deemed given and effective upon actual receipt (or refusal of receipt).
 
(b)            Binding Nature of Agreement; Successors and Assigns; No Third Party Beneficiaries.  This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective heirs, legal representatives, successors and permitted assigns.  Except as provided in this Agreement with respect to indemnification of Indemnified Parties hereunder, nothing in this Agreement shall confer any rights upon any Person other than the parties hereto and their respective heirs, legal representatives, successors and permitted assigns.
 
(c)            Integration.  This Agreement contains the entire agreement and understanding among the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof, and supersedes all prior agreements, understandings, inducements and conditions, express or implied, oral or written, of any nature whatsoever with respect to the subject matter hereof.  The express terms hereof control and supersede any course of performance or usage of the trade inconsistent with any of the terms hereof.
 
(d)            Amendments.  This Agreement, nor any terms hereof, may not be amended or supplemented except in an instrument in writing executed by the parties hereto.
 
(e)            GOVERNING LAW .  THIS AGREEMENT AND THE RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF THE PARTIES UNDER THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED AND INTERPRETED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAW OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE, WITHOUT REGARD TO PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAW.  EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO IRREVOCABLY SUBMITS TO THE EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF THE COURTS OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE AND THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR ANY DISTRICT WITHIN SUCH STATE FOR THE PURPOSE OF ANY ACTION OR JUDGMENT RELATING TO OR ARISING OUT OF THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OF THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY AND TO THE LAYING OF VENUE IN SUCH COURT.

 
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(f)            WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL .  EACH PARTY HERETO ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT ANY CONTROVERSY WHICH MAY ARISE UNDER THIS AGREEMENT IS LIKELY TO INVOLVE COMPLICATED AND DIFFICULT ISSUES, AND, THEREFORE, EACH SUCH PARTY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY WAIVES TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY RIGHT SUCH PARTY MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN RESPECT TO ANY ACTION DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF, UNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OF THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED BY THIS AGREEMENT.
 
(g)            No Waiver; Cumulative Remedies.  No failure to exercise and no delay in exercising, on the part of a party hereto, any right, remedy, power or privilege hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right, remedy, power or privilege hereunder preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, remedy, power or privilege.  The rights, remedies, powers and privileges herein provided are cumulative and not exclusive of any rights, remedies, powers and privileges provided by law.
 
(h)            Costs and Expenses.  Each party hereto shall bear its own costs and expenses (including the fees and disbursements of counsel and accountants) incurred in connection with the negotiations and preparation of this Agreement, and all matters incident thereto.  If any party hereto initiates any legal action arising out of or in connection with this Agreement, the prevailing party shall be entitled to recover from the other party all reasonable attorneys’ fees, expert witness fees and expenses incurred by the prevailing party in connection therewith.
 
(i)            Section Headings.  The section and subsection headings in this Agreement are for convenience in reference only and shall not be deemed to alter or affect the interpretation of any provisions hereof.
 
(j)            Counterparts.  This Agreement may be executed (including by facsimile transmission) with counterpart signature pages or in any number of separate counterparts, and all of which taken together shall be deemed to constitute one and the same instrument.
 
(k)            Severability.  Any provision of this Agreement which is prohibited or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or unenforceability without invalidating the remaining provisions hereof, and any such prohibition or unenforceability in any jurisdiction shall not invalidate or render unenforceable such provision in any other jurisdiction.
 
[REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]

 
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the parties hereto has executed this Second Amended and Restated Management Agreement as of the date first written above.
 
PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES, INC.
     
By:
/s/ John A. Williams
 
Name:
 John A. Williams
 
Title:
 President and Chief Executive Officer
     
PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES
OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P.
     
By:
Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
 
its General Partner
     
 
By:
/s/ John A. Williams
   
Name: John A. Williams
   
Title: President and Chief Executive Officer
     
PREFERRED APARTMENT ADVISORS, LLC
     
By:
NELL Partners, Inc.
 
its Managing Member
     
 
By:
/s/ John A. Williams
   
Name: John A. Williams
   
Title: President and Chief Executive Officer

 
 

 

Exhibit A
 
Investment Guidelines
 
1.
No Investment shall be made by the Manager that would cause PAC to fail to qualify as a REIT under the Code.
 
2.
No Investment shall be made by the Manager that would cause either PAC or the Operating Partnership to be regulated as an investment company under the Investment Company Act.
 
3.
Until appropriate investments in Investments are identified, the Manager may invest the proceeds of the Initial Public Offering and any future offerings of PAC’s or the Operating Partnership’s securities for cash in interest-bearing, short-term, investment-grade investments, subject to the requirements for PAC’s qualification as a REIT under the Code.
 
4.
Investment Deployment Quantitative Limits:
 
 
(a)
No more than 15% of the Company’s total assets may be invested by the Manager in any one single asset or transaction.
 
 
(b)
No more than 25% of the Company’s total assets may be invested by the Manager in any metropolitan statistical area (“ MSA ”).
 
 
(c)
The Company’s aggregate borrowings (secured and unsecured) will not exceed 75% of the cost of its tangible assets at the time of any new borrowing.
 
5.
Investment Deployment Qualitative Guidelines:
 
 
(a)
Multifamily related assets where the associated real property asset is located in an MSA with an aggregate population in excess of approximately 1,000,000.
 
 
(b)
Multifamily related assets where the associated real property asset has at least 100 units.
 
 
(c)
Multifamily related assets where the associated real property was built or substantially renovated after January 1, 1990 and, to the knowledge of the Manager, does not possess any design flaws and is not functionally obsolete.

 
 

 
 
 
PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES, INC.
 

2011 STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN
 
(effective as of February 25, 2011)
 

ARTICLE I
 
PURPOSE
 
The purpose of this 2011 Stock Incentive Plan is to enhance the profitability and value of the Company for the benefit of its stockholders by enabling the Company to offer Participants stock-based incentives in the Company to attract, retain and reward such individuals and strengthen the mutuality of interests between such individuals and the Company’s stockholders.
 
ARTICLE II
 
DEFINITIONS
 
For purposes of the Plan, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
 
2.1             Acquisition Event means a merger or consolidation in which the Company is not the surviving entity, any transaction that results in the acquisition of all or substantially all of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock by a single person or entity or by a group of persons and/or entities acting in concert, or the sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets.  The occurrence of an Acquisition Event shall be determined by the Committee in its sole discretion.
 
2.2             Affiliate means each of the following:  (a) Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC or any of its subsidiaries; (b) any Subsidiary; (c) any Parent; (d) any corporation, trade or business (including, without limitation, a partnership or limited liability company) that is directly or indirectly controlled 50% or more (whether by ownership of stock, assets or an equivalent ownership interest or voting interest) by the Company; (e) any corporation, trade or business (including, without limitation, a partnership or limited liability company) that directly or indirectly controls 50% or more (whether by ownership of stock, assets or an equivalent ownership interest or voting interest) of the Company; and (f) any other entity in which the Company or any of its Affiliates has a material equity interest and that is designated as an “Affiliate” by resolution of the Committee; provided , however , that the Common Stock subject to any Award constitutes “service recipient stock” for purposes of Section 409A of the Code or otherwise does not subject the Award to Section 409A of the Code.
 
2.3             Award means any award under the Plan of any Stock Option, Stock Appreciation Right, Restricted Stock, Performance Share or Other Stock-Based Award.  All Awards shall be granted by, confirmed by, and subject to the terms of, a written or electronic agreement executed by the Company and the Participant.  Any reference herein to an agreement in writing shall be deemed to include an electronic writing to the extent permitted by applicable law.
 
 
 

 
 
2.4             Board means the Board of Directors of the Company.
 
2.5             Cause means with respect to a Participant’s Termination of Employment or Termination of Consultancy, the following: (a) in the case where there is no employment agreement, consulting agreement, change in control agreement or similar agreement in effect between the Company or an Affiliate and the Participant at the time of the grant of the Award (or where there is such an agreement but it does not define “cause” (or words of like import)), termination due to: (i) a Participant’s conviction of, or plea of guilty or nolo contendere to, a felony; (ii) perpetration by a Participant of an illegal act, dishonesty or fraud that could cause significant economic injury to the Company; (iii) a Participant’s insubordination, refusal to perform his or her duties or responsibilities for any reason other than illness or incapacity or materially unsatisfactory performance of his or her duties for the Company; (iv) continuing willful and deliberate failure by the Participant to perform the Participant’s duties in any material respect, provided that the Participant is given notice and an opportunity to effectuate a cure as determined by the Committee; or (v) a Participant’s willful misconduct with regard to the Company that could have a material adverse effect on the Company; or (b) in the case where there is an employment agreement, consulting agreement, change in control agreement or similar agreement in effect between the Company or an Affiliate and the Participant at the time of the grant of the Award that defines “cause” (or words of like import), “cause” as defined under such agreement; provided , however , that with regard to any agreement under which the definition of “cause” only applies on occurrence of a change in control, such definition of “cause” shall not apply until a change in control actually takes place and then only with regard to a termination thereafter.  With respect to a Participant’s Termination of Directorship, “cause” means an act or failure to act that constitutes cause for removal of a director under applicable Maryland law.
 
2.6             Change in Control has the meaning set forth in Section 12.2 .
 
2.7             Change in Control Price has the meaning set forth in Section 12.1 .
 
2.8             Code means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.  Any reference to any section of the Code also shall be a reference to any successor provision and any Treasury Regulation promulgated thereunder.
 
2.9             Committee ” means:  (a) prior to the first anniversary of the Registration Date, the Board, or (b) following the first anniversary of the Registration Date, a committee or subcommittee of the Board appointed from time to time by the Board, which committee or subcommittee shall consist of two or more non-employee directors, each of whom is intended to be (i) to the extent required by Rule 16b-3 promulgated under Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act, a “non-employee director” as defined in Rule 16b-3, (ii) to the extent required Section 162(m) of the Code, an “outside director” as defined in Section 162(m) of the Code, and (iii) to the extent required by Sections 803(A)(2) and 805 of the Company Guide of the NYSE Amex.  To the extent that no Committee exists that has the authority to administer this Plan, the functions of the Committee shall be exercised by the Board.  If for any reason the appointed Committee does not meet the requirements of Rule 16b-3 or Section 162(m) of the Code, such noncompliance shall not affect the validity of Awards, grants, interpretations or other actions of the Committee.
 
 
2

 
 
2.10             Common Stock means the common stock, $0.01 par value per share, of the Company.
 
2.11             Company means Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. a Maryland corporation, and its successors by operation of law.
 
2.12             Consultant means any natural person who provides bona fide consulting or advisory services to the Company or its Affiliates pursuant to a written agreement, which are not in connection with the offer and sale of securities in a capital-raising transaction, and do not, directly or indirectly, promote or maintain a market for the Company’s or its Affiliates’ securities.
 
2.13             Detrimental Activity means:
 
 
(a)
disclosing, divulging, furnishing or making available to anyone at any time, except as necessary in the furtherance of Participant’s responsibilities to the Company or any of its Affiliates, either during or subsequent to Participant’s service relationship with the Company or any of its Affiliates, any knowledge or information with respect to confidential or proprietary information, methods, processes, plans or materials of the Company or any of its Affiliates, or with respect to any other confidential or proprietary aspects of the business of the Company or any of its Affiliate, acquired by the Participant at any time prior to the Participant’s Termination;
 
 
(b)
any activity while employed or performing services that results, or if known could reasonably be expected to result, in the Participant’s Termination that is classified by the Company as a termination for Cause;
 
 
(c)
((i) directly or indirectly soliciting, enticing or inducing any employee of the Company or of any of its Affiliates to be employed by a person or entity that is, directly or indirectly, in competition with the business or activities of the Company or any of its Affiliates; (ii) directly or indirectly approaching any such employee for these purposes; (iii) authorizing or knowingly approving the taking of any such action by a third party on behalf of any such person or entity, or assisting any such person or entity in taking such action; or (iv) directly or indirectly soliciting, raiding, enticing or inducing any person or entity (other than the U.S. Government or its agencies) that is, or at any time from and after the date of grant of the Award was, a customer of the Company or any of its Affiliates to become a customer of the Participant or a third party for the same or similar products or services that it purchased from the Company or any of its Affiliates, or approaching any customer of the Company or any of its Affiliates for such purpose, or authorizing or knowingly approving the taking of any action by a third party for such purpose;
 
 
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(d)
the Participant’s Disparagement, or inducement of others to do so, of the Company or any of its Affiliates or their past and present officers, directors, employees or products;
 
 
(e)
the Participant’s owning, managing, controlling, participating in, consulting with, rendering services for, or in any manner engaging in, any business that, directly or indirectly, is competitive with the business conducted by the Company or any of its Affiliates within any metropolitan area in which the Company or any of its Affiliates engages or has definitive plans to engage in such business, or the rendering of services to such business if such business is otherwise prejudicial to or in conflict with the interests of the Company or any of its Affiliates; or
 
 
(f)
a material breach of any agreement between the Participant and the Company or any of its Affiliates (including, without limitation, any employment agreement or noncompetition or nonsolicitation or confidentiality agreement).
 
Unless otherwise determined by the Committee at grant, Detrimental Activity shall not be deemed to occur after the end of the one-year period following the Participant's Termination.
 
For purposes of clauses (a), (c), (e) and (f) above, the Chief Executive Officer of the Company has the authority to provide the Participant with written authorization to engage in the activities contemplated thereby and no other person shall have authority to provide the Participant with such authorization.  If it is determined by a court of competent jurisdiction that any provision in the Plan in respect of Detrimental Activities is excessive in duration or scope or otherwise is unenforceable, then such provision may be modified or supplemented by the court to render it enforceable to the maximum extent permitted by law.
 
2.14             Disability means with respect to a Participant’s Termination, a permanent and total disability as defined in Section 22(e)(3) of the Code.  A Disability shall only be deemed to occur at the time of the determination by the Committee of the Disability.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, for Awards that are subject to Section 409A of the Code, Disability shall mean that a Participant is disabled under Section 409A(a)(2)(C)(i) or (ii) of the Code.
 
2.15             Disparagement means making comments or statements to the press, the Company’s or its Affiliates’ employees, consultants or any individual or entity with whom the Company or its Affiliates has a business relationship that could reasonably be expected to adversely affect in any manner: (a) the conduct of the business of the Company or its Affiliates (including, without limitation, any products or business plans or prospects); or (b) the business reputation of the Company or its Affiliates, or any of their products, or their past or present officers, directors or employees.
 
 
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2.16             Effective Date  means the effective date of the Plan as defined in Article XVI .
 
2.17             Eligible Employee means an employee of the Company or an Affiliate.
 
2.18             Exchange Act means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and all rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.  Any references to any section of the Exchange Act shall also be a reference to any successor provision.
 
2.19             Exercisable Awards has the meaning set forth in Section 4.2(d) .
 
2.20             Fair Market Value means, unless otherwise required by any applicable provision of the Code or any regulations issued thereunder, as of any date and except as provided below, the last sales price reported for the Common Stock on the applicable date: (a) as reported on the principal national securities exchange in the United States on which it is then traded or the NYSE Amex ; or (b) if not traded on any such national securities exchange or   the   NYSE Amex , as quoted on an automated quotation system sponsored by the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. or if the Common Stock shall not have been reported or quoted on such date, on the first day prior thereto on which the Common Stock was reported or quoted.  For purposes of the grant of any Award, the applicable date shall be the trading day on which the Award is granted, or if such grant date is not a trading day, the trading day immediately prior to the date on which the Award is granted.  For purposes of the exercise of any Award, the applicable date shall be the date a notice of exercise is received by the Company or, if not a day on which the applicable market is open, the next day that it is open.
 
2.21             Family Member means “family member” as defined in Rule 701 under the Securities Act or, following the filing of a Form S-8 pursuant to the Securities Act with respect to the Plan, as defined in Section A.1.(5) of the general instructions of Form S-8, as may be amended from time to time.
 
2.22             Incentive Stock Option means any Stock Option awarded to an Eligible Employee of the Company, its Subsidiaries and its Parent (if any) under the Plan intended to be and designated as an “Incentive Stock Option” within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code.
 
2.23             include , “ includes and including shall be construed as if followed by the phrase without limitation”.
 
2.24             Limited Stock Appreciation Right has the meaning set forth in Section 7.5 .
 
2.25             Non-Employee Director means a non-employee director of the Company as defined in Rule 16b-3.
 
2.26             Non-Qualified Stock Option means any Stock Option awarded under the Plan that is not an Incentive Stock Option.
 
2.27             Other Stock-Based Award means an Award under Article X of the Plan that is valued in whole or in part by reference to, or is payable in or otherwise based on, Common Stock, including, without limitation, a restricted stock unit or an Award valued by reference to an Affiliate.
 
2.28             Parent means any parent corporation of the Company within the meaning of Section 424(e) of the Code.
 
 
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2.29             Participant means an Eligible Employee, Non-Employee Director or Consultant to whom an Award has been granted pursuant to the Plan.
 
2.30             Performance Goals has the meaning set forth on Exhibit A .
 
2.31             Performance Period means the duration of the period during which receipt of an Award is subject to the satisfaction of performance criteria, such period as determined by the Committee in its sole discretion.
 
2.32             Performance Share means an Award made pursuant to Article IX of the Plan of the right to receive Common Stock or cash of an equivalent value at the end of a specified Performance Period.
 
2.33             Person means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, firm, joint venture, association, joint-stock company, trust, incorporated organization, governmental or regulatory or other entity.
 
2.34             Plan means this Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. 2011 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended from time to time.
 
2.35             Other Extraordinary Event has the meaning set forth in Section 4.2(b) .
 
2.36             Reference Stock Option has the meaning set forth in Section 7.1 .
 
2.37             Registration Date means the first date after the Effective Date on which (a) the Company sells its Common Stock in a bona fide underwriting pursuant to a registration statement under the Securities Act or (b) any class of common equity securities of the Company is required to be registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act.
 
2.38             Restricted Stock means a share of Common Stock issued under the Plan that is subject to restrictions under Article VIII .
 
2.39             Restriction Period has the meaning set forth in Section 8.3(a) .
 
2.40             Retirement means a voluntary Termination of Employment or Termination of Consultancy at or after age 65 or such earlier date after age 55 as may be approved by the Committee, in its sole discretion, with respect to such Participant at the time of grant, or thereafter provided that the exercise of such discretion does not make the applicable Award subject to Section 409A of the Code, except that Retirement shall not include any involuntary Termination of Employment or Termination of Consultancy by the Company or an Affiliate for any reason with or without Cause.  With respect to a Participant’s Termination of Directorship, Retirement means the failure to stand for reelection or the failure to be reelected on or after the date that a Participant has attained age 65 or, with the consent of the Board, provided that the exercise of such discretion does not make the applicable Award subject to Section 409A of the Code, before age 65 but after age 55.
 
2.41             Rule 16b-3 means Rule 16b-3 under Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act as then in effect or any successor provision.
 
 
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2.42             Section 162(m) of the Code means the exception for performance-based compensation under Section 162(m) of the Code and any applicable Treasury regulations thereunder.
 
2.43             Section 4.2 Event has the meaning set forth in Section 4.2(b) .
 
2.44             Securities Act  means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and all rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.  Any reference to any section of the Securities Act shall also be a reference to any successor provision.
 
2.45             Special Unvested Options or Rights has the meaning set forth in Section 11.1(a)(v) .
 
2.46             Stock Appreciation Right means the right pursuant to an Award granted under Article VII .  A Tandem Stock Appreciation Right shall mean the right to surrender to the Company all (or a portion) of a Stock Option in exchange for a number of shares of Common Stock and/or cash, as determined by the Committee, equal to the difference between (a) the Fair Market Value on the date such Stock Option (or such portion thereof) is surrendered, of the Common Stock covered by such Stock Option (or such portion thereof), and (b) the aggregate exercise price of such Stock Option (or such portion thereof).  A Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Right shall mean the right to receive a number of shares of Common Stock and/or cash, as determined by the Committee, equal to the difference between (i) the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock on the date such right is exercised, and (ii) the aggregate exercise price of such right, otherwise than on surrender of a Stock Option.
 
2.47             Stock Option or Option means any option to purchase shares of Common Stock granted to Eligible Employees, Non-Employee Directors or Consultants pursuant to Article VI .
 
2.48             Subsidiary means any subsidiary corporation of the Company within the meaning of Section 424(f) of the Code.
 
2.49             Tandem Stock Appreciation Right has the meaning set forth in Section 7.1 .
 
2.50             Ten Percent Stockholder means a person owning stock possessing more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company, its Subsidiaries or its Parent.
 
2.51             Termination means a Termination of Consultancy, Termination of Directorship or Termination of Employment, as applicable.
 
2.52             Termination of Consultancy means: (a) that the Consultant is no longer acting as a consultant to the Company or an Affiliate; or (b) when an entity that is retaining a Participant as a Consultant ceases to be an Affiliate unless the Participant otherwise is, or thereupon becomes, a Consultant to the Company or another Affiliate at the time the entity ceases to be an Affiliate.  In the event that a Consultant becomes an Eligible Employee or a Non-Employee Director upon the termination of his or her consultancy, unless otherwise determined by the Committee, in its sole discretion, no Termination of Consultancy shall be deemed to occur until such time as such Consultant is no longer a Consultant, an Eligible Employee or a Non-Employee Director.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Committee may, in its sole discretion, otherwise define Termination of Consultancy in the Award agreement or, if no rights of a Participant are reduced, may otherwise define Termination of Consultancy thereafter.
 
 
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2.53             Termination of Directorship  means that the Non-Employee Director has ceased to be a director of the Company; except that if a Non-Employee Director becomes an Eligible Employee or a Consultant upon the termination of his or her directorship, his or her ceasing to be a director of the Company shall not be treated as a Termination of Directorship unless and until the Participant has a Termination of Employment or Termination of Consultancy, as the case may be.
 
2.54             Termination of Employment  means: (a) a termination of employment (for reasons other than a military or personal leave of absence granted by the Company) of a Participant from the Company and its Affiliates; or (b) when an entity that is employing a Participant ceases to be an Affiliate, unless the Participant otherwise is, or thereupon becomes, employed by the Company or another Affiliate at the time the entity ceases to be an Affiliate.  In the event that an Eligible Employee becomes a Consultant or a Non-Employee Director upon the termination of his or her employment, unless otherwise determined by the Committee, in its sole discretion, no Termination of Employment shall be deemed to occur until such time as such Eligible Employee is no longer an Eligible Employee, a Consultant or a Non-Employee Director.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Committee may, in its sole discretion, otherwise define Termination of Employment in the Award agreement or, if no rights of a Participant are reduced, may otherwise define Termination of Employment thereafter.
 
2.55             Transfer means: (a) when used as a noun, any direct or indirect transfer, sale, assignment, pledge, hypothecation, encumbrance or other disposition (including the issuance of equity in a Person), whether for value or no value and whether voluntary or involuntary (including by operation of law), and (b) when used as a verb, to directly or indirectly transfer, sell, assign, pledge, encumber, charge, hypothecate or otherwise dispose of (including the issuance of equity in a Person) whether for value or for no value and whether voluntarily or involuntarily (including by operation of law).  “Transferred” and “Transferrable” shall have a correlative meaning.
 
2.56             Transition Period means the “reliance period” under Treasury Regulation Section 1.162-27(f)(2), which ends on the earliest to occur of the following:  (a) the date of the first annual meeting of stockholders of the Company at which directors are to be elected that occurs after December 31, 2011; (b) the date the Plan is materially amended for purposes of Treasury Regulation Section 1.162-27(h)(1)(iii); or (c) the date all shares of Common Stock available for issuance under the Plan have been allocated.
 
ARTICLE III
 
ADMINISTRATION
 
3.1             The Committee .   The Plan shall be administered and interpreted by the Committee.
 
 
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3.2             Grants of Awards .  The Committee shall have full authority to grant, pursuant to the terms of the Plan, to Eligible Employees, Consultants and Non-Employee Directors:  (1) Stock Options; (2) Stock Appreciation Rights; (3) Restricted Stock; (4) Performance Shares; and (5) Other Stock-Based Awards.  In particular, the Committee shall have the authority:
 
 
(a)
to select the Eligible Employees, Consultants and Non-Employee Directors to whom Awards may from time to time be granted hereunder;
 
 
(b)
to determine whether and to what extent Awards are to be granted hereunder to one or more Eligible Employees, Consultants or Non-Employee Directors;
 
 
(c)
to determine, in accordance with the terms of the Plan, the number of shares of Common Stock to be covered by each Award granted hereunder;
 
 
(d)
to determine the terms and conditions, not inconsistent with the terms of the Plan, of any Award granted hereunder (including, but not limited to, the exercise or purchase price (if any), any restriction or limitation, any vesting schedule or acceleration thereof, or any forfeiture restrictions or waiver thereof, regarding any Award and the shares of Common Stock relating thereto, based on such factors, if any, as the Committee shall determine, in its sole discretion);
 
 
(e)
to determine whether, to what extent and under what circumstances grants of Options and other Awards under the Plan are to operate on a tandem basis and/or in conjunction with or apart from other awards made by the Company outside of the Plan;
 
 
(f)
to determine whether and under what circumstances a Stock Option may be settled in cash, Common Stock and/or Restricted Stock under Section 6.3(d) ;
 
 
(g)
to determine whether, to what extent and under what circumstances Common Stock and other amounts payable with respect to an Award under the Plan shall be deferred either automatically or at the election of the Participant in any case, in a manner intended to comply with Section 409A of the Code;
 
 
(h)
to determine whether a Stock Option is an Incentive Stock Option or Non-Qualified Stock Option;
 
 
(i)
to determine whether to require a Participant, as a condition of the granting of any Award, to not sell or otherwise dispose of shares acquired pursuant to an Award for a period of time as determined by the Committee, in its sole discretion, following the date of such Award; and
 
 
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(j)
generally, to exercise such powers and to perform such acts as the Committee deems necessary or expedient to promote the best interests of the Company that are not in conflict with the provisions of the Plan.
 
3.3             Guidelines .  Subject to Article XIII , the Committee shall, in its sole discretion, have the authority to adopt, alter and repeal such administrative rules, guidelines and practices governing the Plan and perform all acts, including the delegation of its responsibilities (to the extent permitted by applicable law and applicable stock exchange rules), as it shall, from time to time, deem advisable; to construe and interpret the terms and provisions of the Plan and any Award issued under the Plan (and any agreements relating thereto); and to otherwise supervise the administration of the Plan.  The Committee may, in its sole discretion, correct any defect, supply any omission or reconcile any inconsistency in the Plan or in any agreement relating thereto in the manner and to the extent it shall deem necessary to effectuate the purpose and intent of the Plan.  The Committee may, in its sole discretion, adopt special guidelines and provisions for persons who are residing in or employed in, or subject to, the taxes of, any domestic or foreign jurisdictions to comply with applicable tax and securities laws of such domestic or foreign jurisdictions.  To the extent applicable, the Plan is intended to comply with the applicable requirements of Rule 16b-3 and with respect to Awards intended to be “performance-based,” the applicable provisions of Section 162(m) of the Code, and the Plan shall be limited, construed and interpreted in a manner so as to comply therewith.
 
3.4             Decisions Final .  Any decision, interpretation or other action made or taken in good faith by or at the direction of the Company, the Board or the Committee (or any of its members) arising out of or in connection with the Plan shall be within the absolute discretion of all and each of them, as the case may be, and shall be final, binding and conclusive on the Company and all employees and Participants and their respective heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns.
 
3.5             Procedures .  If the Committee is appointed, the Board shall designate one of the members of the Committee as chairman and the Committee shall hold meetings, subject to the By-Laws of the Company, at such times and places as it shall deem advisable, including, without limitation, by telephone conference or by written consent to the extent permitted by applicable law.  A majority of the Committee members shall constitute a quorum.  All determinations of the Committee shall be made by a majority of its members.  Any decision or determination reduced to writing and signed by all the Committee members in accordance with the By-Laws of the Company shall be as fully effective as if it had been made by a vote at a meeting duly called and held.  The Committee shall keep minutes of its meetings and shall make such rules and regulations for the conduct of its business as it shall deem advisable.
 
3.6             Designation of Consultants/Liability .
 
 
(a)
The Committee may, in its sole discretion, designate employees of the Company and professional advisors to assist the Committee in the administration of the Plan and (to the extent permitted by applicable law and applicable exchange rules) may grant authority to officers to grant Awards and/or execute agreements or other documents on behalf of the Committee.
 
 
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(b)
The Committee may, in its sole discretion, employ such legal counsel, consultants and agents as it may deem desirable for the administration of the Plan and may rely upon any opinion received from any such counsel or consultant and any computation received from any such consultant or agent.  Expenses incurred by the Committee or the Board in the engagement of any such counsel, consultant or agent shall be paid by the Company.  The Committee, its members and any person designated pursuant to Section 3.6(a) above shall not be liable for any action or determination made in good faith with respect to the Plan.  To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, no officer of the Company or member or former member of the Committee or of the Board shall be liable for any action or determination made in good faith with respect to the Plan or any Award granted under it.
 
3.7             Indemnification .  To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law and the Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws of the Company and to the extent not covered by insurance directly insuring such person, each officer or employee of the Company or any Affiliate and member or former member of the Committee or the Board shall be indemnified and held harmless by the Company against any cost or expense (including reasonable fees of counsel reasonably acceptable to the Committee) or liability (including any sum paid in settlement of a claim with the approval of the Committee), and advanced amounts necessary to pay the foregoing at the earliest time and to the fullest extent permitted, arising out of any act or omission to act in connection with the administration of the Plan, except to the extent arising out of such officer’s, employee’s, member’s or former member’s fraud or bad faith.  Such indemnification shall be in addition to any rights of indemnification the officers, employees, directors or members or former officers, directors or members may have under applicable law or under the Certificate of Incorporation or By-Laws of the Company or any Affiliate.  Notwithstanding anything else herein, this indemnification will not apply to the actions or determinations made by an individual with regard to Awards granted to him or her under the Plan.
 
 
ARTICLE IV
 
SHARE LIMITATION
 
 
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4.1             Shares .
 
 
(a)
General Limitations .  The aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued or used for reference purposes or with respect to which Awards may be granted under the Plan shall not exceed 567,500 shares of Common Stock (subject to any increase or decrease pursuant to Section 4.2 ), which may be either authorized and unissued Common Stock or Common Stock held in or acquired for the treasury of the Company or both.  If any Option, Stock Appreciation Right or Other Stock-Based Award granted under the Plan expires, terminates or is canceled for any reason without having been exercised in full, the number of shares of Common Stock underlying any unexercised Award shall again be available for the purpose of Awards under the Plan.  If any shares of Restricted Stock, Performance Shares or Other Stock-Based Awards, denominated in shares of Common Stock, granted under the Plan are forfeited for any reason, the number of forfeited shares of Restricted Stock, Performance Shares or such Other Stock-Based Awards shall again be available for the purposes of Awards under the Plan, as provided in this Section 4.1(a) .  If a Tandem Stock Appreciation Right or a Limited Stock Appreciation Right is granted in tandem with an Option, such grant shall only apply once against the maximum number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued under the Plan.  Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, any share of Common Stock that again becomes available for grant pursuant to this Section 4.1(a) shall be added back as one share of Common Stock to the maximum aggregate limit.
 
 
(b)
Individual Participant Limitations .
 
(i)           The maximum number of shares of Common Stock subject to any Award of Stock Options, Stock Appreciation Rights or shares of Restricted Stock for which the grant of such Award or the lapse of the relevant Restriction Period is subject to the attainment of Performance Goals in accordance with Section 8.3(a)(ii) , which may be granted under the Plan during any fiscal year of the Company to each Eligible Employee or Consultant shall be 100,000 shares per type of Award (which shall be subject to any further increase or decrease pursuant to Section 4.2 ), provided that the maximum number of shares of Common Stock for all types of Awards does not exceed 250,000 (which shall be subject to any further increase or decrease pursuant to Section 4.2 ) during any fiscal year of the Company.  If a Tandem Stock Appreciation Right is granted or a Limited Stock Appreciation Right is granted in tandem with a Stock Option, it shall apply against the Eligible Employee's or Consultant's individual share limitations for both Stock Appreciation Rights and Stock Options.
 
(ii)           The maximum number of shares of Common Stock subject to any Award of Stock Options (other than Incentive Stock Options), Stock Appreciation Rights or Other Stock-Based Awards that may be granted under the Plan during any fiscal year of the Company to each Non-Employee Director shall be 75,000 shares per type of Award (which shall be subject to any further increase or decrease pursuant to Section 4.2 ), provided that the maximum number of shares of Common Stock for all types of Awards does not exceed 75,000 (which shall be subject to any further increase or decrease pursuant to Section 4.2 ) during any fiscal year of the Company.  If a Tandem Stock Appreciation Right is granted or a Limited Stock Appreciation Right is granted in tandem with a Stock Option, it shall apply against the Non-Employee Director's individual share limitations for both Stock Appreciation Rights and Stock Options.
 
 
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(iii)           There are no annual individual Eligible Employee or Consultant share limitations on Restricted Stock for which the grant of such Award or the lapse of the relevant Restriction Period is not subject to attainment of Performance Goals in accordance with Section 8.3(a)(ii) .
 
(iv)           The maximum value at grant of Performance Shares that may be granted under the Plan with respect to any fiscal year of the Company to each Eligible Employee or Consultant shall be $500,000.  Each Performance Share shall be referenced to one share of Common Stock and shall be charged against the available shares under the Plan at the time the unit value measurement is converted to a referenced number of shares of Common Stock in accordance with Section 9.1 .
 
(v)           The individual Participant limitations set forth in this Section 4.1(b) shall be cumulative; that is, to the extent that shares of Common Stock for which Awards are permitted to be granted to an Eligible Employee, Consultant or Non-Employee Director during a fiscal year are not covered by an Award to such Eligible Employee, Consultant or Non-Employee Director, in a fiscal year, the number of shares of Common Stock available for Awards to such Eligible Employee, Consultant or Non-Employee Director, shall automatically increase in the subsequent fiscal years during the term of the Plan until used.
 
(vi)           The individual Participant limitations set forth in this Section 4.1(b) shall not apply prior to the Registration Date and, following the Registration Date, this Section 4.1(b) shall not apply until the expiration of the Transition Period.
 
 
4.2             Changes .
 
 
(a)
The existence of the Plan and the Awards granted hereunder shall not affect in any way the right or power of the Board or the stockholders of the Company to make or authorize (i) any adjustment, recapitalization, reorganization or other change in the Company’s capital structure or its business, (ii) any merger or consolidation of the Company or any Affiliate, (iii) any issuance of bonds, debentures, preferred or prior preference stock ahead of or affecting the Common Stock, (iv) the dissolution or liquidation of the Company or any Affiliate, (v) any sale or transfer of all or part of the assets or business of the Company or any Affiliate, (vi) any Section 4.2 Event, or (vii) any other corporate act or proceeding.
 
 
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(b)
Subject to the provisions of Section 4.2(d) , if there shall occur any such change in the capital structure of the Company by reason of any stock split, reverse stock split, stock dividend, subdivision, combination or reclassification of shares that may be issued under the Plan, any recapitalization, any merger, any consolidation, any spin off, any reorganization or any partial or complete liquidation, or any other corporate transaction or event having an effect similar to any of the foregoing (a “ Section 4.2 Event ”), then (i) the aggregate number and/or kind of shares that thereafter may be issued under the Plan, (ii) the number and/or kind of shares or other property (including cash) to be issued upon exercise of an outstanding Award or under other Awards granted under the Plan, (iii) the purchase price thereof, and/or (iv) the individual Participant limitations set forth in Section 4.1(b) (other than those based on cash limitations) shall be appropriately adjusted.  In addition, subject to Section 4.2(d) , if there shall occur any change in the capital structure or the business of the Company that is not a Section 4.2 Event (an “ Other Extraordinary Event ”), including by reason of any extraordinary dividend (whether cash or stock), any conversion, any adjustment, any issuance of any class of securities convertible or exercisable into, or exercisable for, any class of stock, or any sale or transfer of all or substantially all the Company’s assets or business, then the Committee, in its sole discretion, may adjust any Award and make such other adjustments to the Plan.  Any adjustment pursuant to this Section 4.2 shall be consistent with the applicable Section 4.2 Event or the applicable Other Extraordinary Event, as the case may be, and in such manner as the Committee may, in its sole discretion, deem appropriate and equitable to prevent substantial dilution or enlargement of the rights granted to, or available for, Participants under the Plan.  Any such adjustment determined by the Committee shall be final, binding and conclusive on the Company and all Participants and their respective heirs, executors, administrators, successors and permitted assigns.  Except as expressly provided in this Section 4.2 or in the applicable Award agreement, a Participant shall have no rights by reason of any Section 4.2 Event or any Other Extraordinary Event.
 
 
(c)
Fractional shares of Common Stock resulting from any adjustment in Awards pursuant to Section 4.2(a) or Section 4.2(b) shall be aggregated until, and eliminated at, the time of exercise by rounding-down for fractions less than one-half and rounding-up for fractions equal to or greater than one-half.  No cash settlements shall be made with respect to fractional shares eliminated by rounding.  Notice of any adjustment shall be given by the Committee to each Participant whose Award has been adjusted and such adjustment (whether or not such notice is given) shall be effective and binding for all purposes of the Plan.
 
 
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(d)
In the event of an Acquisition Event, the Committee may, in its sole discretion, terminate all outstanding and unexercised Stock Options or Stock Appreciation Rights or any Other Stock Based Award that provides for a Participant elected exercise (“ Exercisable Awards ”) effective as of the date of the Acquisition Event, by delivering notice of termination to each Participant at least 20 days prior to the date of consummation of the Acquisition Event, in which case during the period from the date on which such notice of termination is delivered to the consummation of the Acquisition Event, each such Participant shall have the right to exercise his or her Exercisable Awards that are then outstanding to the extent vested as of the date on which such notice of termination is delivered (or, at the discretion of the Committee, without regard to any limitations on exercisability otherwise contained in the Award agreements), but any such exercise shall be contingent on the occurrence of the Acquisition Event, and, provided that, if the Acquisition Event does not take place within a specified period after giving such notice for any reason whatsoever, the notice and exercise pursuant thereto shall be null and void.  For the avoidance of doubt, in the event of an Acquisition Event, the Committee may, in its sole discretion, terminate any Exercisable Award for which the exercise price is equal to or exceeds the Fair Market Value without payment of consideration therefor.
 
If an Acquisition Event occurs but the Committee does not terminate the outstanding Awards pursuant to this Section 4.2(d) , then the applicable provisions of Section 4.2(b) and Article XII shall apply.
 
4.3             Minimum Purchase Price .  Notwithstanding any provision of the Plan to the contrary, if authorized but previously unissued shares of Common Stock are issued under the Plan, such shares shall not be issued for a consideration that is less than as permitted under applicable law.
 
ARTICLE V
 
ELIGIBILITY AND GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR AWARDS
 
5.1             General Eligibility .  All Eligible Employees, Consultants, Non-Employee Directors and prospective employees and consultants are eligible to be granted Awards, subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan.  Eligibility for the grant of Awards and actual participation in the Plan shall be determined by the Committee in its sole discretion.
 
5.2             Incentive Stock Options .  Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, only Eligible Employees of the Company, its Subsidiaries and its Parent (if any) are eligible to be granted Incentive Stock Options under the Plan.  Eligibility for the grant of an Incentive Stock Option and actual participation in the Plan shall be determined by the Committee in its sole discretion.
 
5.3             General Requirement .  The vesting and exercise of Awards granted to a prospective employee or consultant are conditioned upon such individual actually becoming an Eligible Employee or Consultant.
 
 
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ARTICLE VI
 
STOCK OPTIONS
 
6.1             Options .  Each Stock Option granted under the Plan shall be one of two types: (a) an Incentive Stock Option; or (b) a Non-Qualified Stock Option.
 
6.2             Grants .  The Committee shall, in its sole discretion, have the authority to grant to any Eligible Employee (subject to Section 5.2 ) Incentive Stock Options, Non-Qualified Stock Options, or both types of Stock Options.  The Committee shall, in its sole discretion, have the authority to grant any Consultant or Non-Employee Director Non-Qualified Stock Options.  To the extent that any Stock Option does not qualify as an Incentive Stock Option (whether because of its provisions or the time or manner of its exercise or otherwise), such Stock Option or the portion thereof that does not qualify shall constitute a separate Non-Qualified Stock Option.
 
6.3             Terms of Options .  Options granted under the Plan shall be subject to the following terms and conditions and shall be in such form and contain such additional terms and conditions, not inconsistent with the terms of the Plan, as the Committee, in its sole discretion, shall deem desirable:
 
 
(a)
Exercise Price .  The exercise price per share of Common Stock subject to a Stock Option shall be determined by the Committee at the time of grant, provided that the per share exercise price of a Stock Option shall not be less than 100% (or, in the case of an Incentive Stock Option granted to a Ten Percent Stockholder, 110%) of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock at the time of grant.
 
 
(b)
Stock Option Term .  The term of each Stock Option shall be fixed by the Committee, provided that no Stock Option shall be exercisable more than 10 years after the date the Option is granted; and provided further that the term of an Incentive Stock Option granted to a Ten Percent Stockholder shall not exceed five years.
 
 
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(c)
Exercisability .  Stock Options shall be exercisable at such time or times and subject to such terms and conditions as shall be determined by the Committee at grant.  If the Committee provides, in its discretion, that any Stock Option is exercisable subject to certain limitations (including, without limitation, that such Stock Option is exercisable only in installments or within certain time periods or upon attainment of certain financial results), the Committee may waive such limitations on the exercisability at any time at or after grant in whole or in part (including, without limitation, waiver of the installment exercise provisions or acceleration of the time at which such Stock Option may be exercised), based on such factors, if any, as the Committee shall determine, in its sole discretion.  Unless otherwise determined by the Committee at grant, the Option agreement shall provide that (i) if the Participant engages in Detrimental Activity prior to any exercise of the Stock Option, all Stock Options held by the Participant shall thereupon terminate and expire, (ii) as a condition of the exercise of a Stock Option, the Participant shall be required to certify (or shall be deemed to have certified) at the time of exercise in a manner acceptable to the Company that the Participant is in compliance with the terms and conditions of the Plan and that the Participant has not engaged in, and does not intend to engage in, any Detrimental Activity, and (iii) if the Participant engages in Detrimental Activity during the one-year period commencing on the later of the date the Stock Option is exercised or the date of the Participant’s Termination, the Company shall be entitled to recover from the Participant at any time within one year after such date, and the Participant shall pay over to the Company, an amount equal to any gain realized as a result of the exercise (whether at the time of exercise or thereafter).
 
 
(d)
Method of Exercise .  Subject to whatever installment exercise and waiting period provisions apply under Section 6.3(c) above, to the extent vested, Stock Options may be exercised in whole or in part at any time during the Option term, by giving written notice of exercise to the Company specifying the number of shares of Common Stock to be purchased.  Such notice shall be accompanied by payment in full of the purchase price as follows: (i) in cash or by check, bank draft or money order payable to the order of the Company; (ii) solely to the extent permitted by applicable law, if the Common Stock is traded on a national securities exchange, the NYSE Amex or quoted on a national quotation system sponsored by the National Association of Securities Dealers, and the Committee authorizes, through a procedure whereby the Participant delivers irrevocable instructions to a broker reasonably acceptable to the Committee to deliver promptly to the Company an amount equal to the purchase price; or (iii) on such other terms and conditions as may be acceptable to the Committee (including, without limitation, the relinquishment of Stock Options or by payment in full or in part in the form of Common Stock owned by the Participant based on the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock on the payment date as determined by the Committee, in its sole discretion).  No shares of Common Stock shall be issued until payment therefor, as provided herein, has been made or provided for.
 
 
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(e)
Non-Transferability of Options .  No Stock Option shall be Transferable by the Participant otherwise than by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, and all Stock Options shall be exercisable, during the Participant’s lifetime, only by the Participant.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Committee may determine, in its sole discretion, at the time of grant or thereafter that a Non-Qualified Stock Option that is otherwise not Transferable pursuant to this Section is Transferable to a Family Member in whole or in part and in such circumstances, and under such conditions, as determined by the Committee, in its sole discretion.  A Non-Qualified Stock Option that is Transferred to a Family Member pursuant to the preceding sentence (i) may not be subsequently Transferred otherwise than by will or by the laws of descent and distribution and (ii) remains subject to the terms of the Plan and the applicable Award agreement.  Any shares of Common Stock acquired upon the exercise of a Non-Qualified Stock Option by a permissible transferee of a Non-Qualified Stock Option or a permissible transferee pursuant to a Transfer after the exercise of the Non-Qualified Stock Option shall be subject to the terms of the Plan and the applicable Award agreement.
 
 
(f)
Incentive Stock Option Limitations .  To the extent that the aggregate Fair Market Value (determined as of the time of grant) of the Common Stock with respect to which Incentive Stock Options are exercisable for the first time by an Eligible Employee during any calendar year under the Plan and/or any other stock option plan of the Company, any Subsidiary or any Parent exceeds $100,000, such Options shall be treated as Non-Qualified Stock Options.  Should any provision of the Plan not be necessary in order for the Stock Options to qualify as Incentive Stock Options, or should any additional provisions be required, the Committee may, in its sole discretion, amend the Plan accordingly, without the necessity of obtaining the approval of the stockholders of the Company.
 
 
(g)
Form, Modification, Extension and Renewal of Stock Options .  Subject to the terms and conditions and within the limitations of the Plan, Stock Options shall be evidenced by such form of agreement or grant as is approved by the Committee, and the Committee may, in its sole discretion (i) modify, extend or renew outstanding Stock Options granted under the Plan (provided that the rights of a Participant are not reduced without his or her consent and provided further that such action does not subject the Stock Options to Section 409A of the Code), and (ii) accept the surrender of outstanding Stock Options (up to the extent not theretofore exercised) and authorize the granting of new Stock Options in substitution therefor (to the extent not theretofore exercised).  Notwithstanding the foregoing, an outstanding Option may not be modified to reduce the exercise price thereof nor may a new Option at a lower price be substituted for a surrendered Option (other than adjustments or substitutions in accordance with Section 4.2 ), unless such action is approved by the stockholders of the Company.
 
 
(h)
Early Exercise .  The Committee may provide that a Stock Option include a provision whereby the Participant may elect at any time before the Participant’s Termination to exercise the Stock Option as to any part or all of the shares of Common Stock subject to the Stock Option prior to the full vesting of the Stock Option and such shares shall be subject to the provisions of Article VI and treated as Restricted Stock.  Any unvested shares of Common Stock so purchased may be subject to a repurchase option in favor of the Company or to any other restriction the Committee determines to be appropriate.
 
 
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(i)
Other Terms and Conditions .  Stock Options may contain such other provisions, which shall not be inconsistent with any of the terms of the Plan, as the Committee shall, in its sole discretion, deem appropriate.
 
ARTICLE VII
 
STOCK APPRECIATION RIGHTS
 
7.1             Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights .  Stock Appreciation Rights may be granted in conjunction with all or part of any Stock Option (a “Reference Stock Option”) granted under the Plan (“Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights”).  In the case of a Non-Qualified Stock Option, such rights may be granted either at or after the time of the grant of such Reference Stock Option.  In the case of an Incentive Stock Option, such rights may be granted only at the time of the grant of such Reference Stock Option.
 
7.2             Terms and Conditions of Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights .  Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights granted hereunder shall be subject to such terms and conditions, not inconsistent with the provisions of the Plan, as shall be determined from time to time by the Committee in its sole discretion, and the following:
 
 
(a)
Exercise Price .  The exercise price per share of Common Stock subject to a Tandem Stock Appreciation Right shall be determined by the Committee at the time of grant, provided that the per share exercise price of a Tandem Stock Appreciation Right shall not be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock at the time of grant.
 
 
(b)
Term .  A Tandem Stock Appreciation Right or applicable portion thereof granted with respect to a Reference Stock Option shall terminate and no longer be exercisable upon the termination or exercise of the Reference Stock Option, except that, unless otherwise determined by the Committee, in its sole discretion, at the time of grant, a Tandem Stock Appreciation Right granted with respect to less than the full number of shares covered by the Reference Stock Option shall not be reduced until and then only to the extent the exercise or termination of the Reference Stock Option causes the number of shares covered by the Tandem Stock Appreciation Right to exceed the number of shares remaining available and unexercised under the Reference Stock Option.
 
 
(c)
Exercisability .  Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights shall be exercisable only at such time or times and to the extent that the Reference Stock Options to which they relate shall be exercisable in accordance with the provisions of Article VI , and shall be subject to the provisions of Section 6.3(c) .
 
 
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(d)
Method of Exercise .  A Tandem Stock Appreciation Right may be exercised by the Participant by surrendering the applicable portion of the Reference Stock Option.  Upon such exercise and surrender, the Participant shall be entitled to receive the payment determined in the manner prescribed in this Section 7.2 .  Stock Options that have been so surrendered, in whole or in part, shall no longer be exercisable to the extent the related Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights have been exercised.
 
 
(e)
Payment .  Upon the exercise of a Tandem Stock Appreciation Right, a Participant shall be entitled to receive up to, but no more than, an amount in cash and/or shares of Common Stock (as chosen by the Committee in its sole discretion at grant, or thereafter if no rights of a Participant are reduced) equal in value to the excess of the Fair Market Value of one share of Common Stock over the Option exercise price per share specified in the Reference Stock Option agreement, multiplied by the number of shares in respect of which the Tandem Stock Appreciation Right shall have been exercised.
 
 
(f)
Deemed Exercise of Reference Stock Option .  Upon the exercise of a Tandem Stock Appreciation Right, the Reference Stock Option or part thereof to which such Stock Appreciation Right is related shall be deemed to have been exercised for the purpose of the limitation set forth in Article IV of the Plan on the number of shares of Common Stock to be issued under the Plan.
 
 
(g)
Non-Transferability .  Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights shall be Transferable only when and to the extent that the underlying Stock Option would be Transferable under Section 6.3(e) of the Plan.
 
7.3             Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights .  Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights may also be granted without reference to any Stock Options granted under the Plan.
 
7.4             Terms and Conditions of Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights .  Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights granted hereunder shall be subject to such terms and conditions, not inconsistent with the provisions of the Plan, as shall be determined from time to time by the Committee in its sole discretion, and the following:
 
 
(a)
Exercise Price .  The exercise price per share of Common Stock subject to a Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Right shall be determined by the Committee at the time of grant, provided that the per share exercise price of a Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Right shall not be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock at the time of grant.
 
 
(b)
Term .  The term of each Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Right shall be fixed by the Committee, but shall not be greater than 10 years after the date the right is granted.
 
 
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(c)
Exercisability .  Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights shall be exercisable at such time or times and subject to such terms and conditions as shall be determined by the Committee at grant.  If the Committee provides, in its discretion, that any such right is exercisable subject to certain limitations (including, without limitation, that it is exercisable only in installments or within certain time periods), the Committee may waive such limitations on the exercisability at any time at or after grant in whole or in part (including, without limitation, waiver of the installment exercise provisions or acceleration of the time at which such right may be exercised), based on such factors, if any, as the Committee shall determine, in its sole discretion.   Unless otherwise determined by the Committee at grant, the Award agreement shall provide that (i) in the event the Participant engages in Detrimental Activity prior to any exercise of the Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Right, all Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights held by the Participant shall thereupon terminate and expire, (ii) as a condition of the exercise of a Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Right, the Participant shall be required to certify (or shall be deemed to have certified) at the time of exercise in a manner acceptable to the Company that the Participant is in compliance with the terms and conditions of the Plan and that the Participant has not engaged in, and does not intend to engage in, any Detrimental Activity, and (iii) in the event the Participant engages in Detrimental Activity during the one-year period commencing on the later of the date the Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Right is exercised or the date of the Participant’s Termination, the Company shall be entitled to recover from the Participant at any time within one year after such date, and the Participant shall pay over to the Company, an amount equal to any gain realized as a result of the exercise (whether at the time of exercise or thereafter).
 
 
(d)
Method of Exercise .  Subject to whatever installment exercise and waiting period provisions apply under Section 7.4(c) above, Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights may be exercised in whole or in part at any time in accordance with the applicable Award agreement, by giving written notice of exercise to the Company specifying the number of Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights to be exercised.
 
 
(e)
Payment .  Upon the exercise of a Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Right a Participant shall be entitled to receive, for each right exercised, up to, but no more than, an amount in cash and/or shares of Common Stock (as chosen by the Committee in its sole discretion at grant, or thereafter if no rights of a Participant are reduced) equal in value to the excess of the Fair Market Value of one share of Common Stock on the date the right is exercised over the Fair Market Value of one share of Common Stock on the date the right was awarded to the Participant.
 
 
(f)
Non-Transferability .  No Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights shall be Transferable by the Participant otherwise than by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, and all such rights shall be exercisable, during the Participant’s lifetime, only by the Participant.
 
 
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7.5             Limited Stock Appreciation Rights .  The Committee may, in its sole discretion, grant Tandem and Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights either as a general Stock Appreciation Right or as a limited stock appreciation right (a Limited Stock Appreciation Right ).  Limited Stock Appreciation Rights may be exercised only upon the occurrence of a Change in Control or such other event as the Committee may, in its sole discretion, designate at the time of grant or thereafter.  Upon the exercise of Limited Stock Appreciation Rights, except as otherwise provided in an Award agreement, the Participant shall receive in cash or Common Stock, as determined by the Committee, an amount equal to the amount (a) set forth in Section 7.2(e) with respect to Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights, or (b) set forth in Section 7.4(e) with respect to Non-Tandem Stock Appreciation Rights, as applicable.
 
ARTICLE VIII
 
RESTRICTED STOCK
 
8.1             Awards of Restricted Stock .  Shares of Restricted Stock may be issued either alone or in addition to other Awards granted under the Plan.  The Committee shall, in its sole discretion, determine the Eligible Employees, Consultants and Non-Employee Directors, to whom, and the time or times at which, grants of Restricted Stock shall be made, the number of shares to be awarded, the price (if any) to be paid by the Participant (subject to Section 8.2 ), the time or times within which such Awards may be subject to forfeiture, the vesting schedule and rights to acceleration thereof, and all other terms and conditions of the Awards.  The Committee may condition the grant or vesting of Restricted Stock upon the attainment of specified performance targets (including, the Performance Goals specified in Exhibit A attached hereto) or such other factors as the Committee may determine, in its sole discretion, including to comply with the requirements of Section 162(m) of the Code.
 
Unless otherwise determined by the Committee at grant, each Award of Restricted Stock shall provide that in the event the Participant engages in Detrimental Activity prior to, or during the one-year period after, any vesting of Restricted Stock, the Committee may direct that all unvested Restricted Stock shall be immediately forfeited to the Company and that the Participant shall pay over to the Company an amount equal to the Fair Market Value at the time of vesting of any Restricted Stock that had vested in the period referred to above.
 
8.2             Awards and Certificates .  Eligible Employees, Consultants and Non-Employee Directors selected to receive Restricted Stock shall not have any rights with respect to such Award, unless and until such Participant has delivered a fully executed copy of the agreement evidencing the Award to the Company and has otherwise complied with the applicable terms and conditions of such Award.  Further, such Award shall be subject to the following conditions:
 
 
(a)
Purchase Price .  The purchase price of Restricted Stock shall be fixed by the Committee.  Subject to Section 4.3 , the purchase price for shares of Restricted Stock may be zero to the extent permitted by applicable law, and, to the extent not so permitted, such purchase price may not be less than par value.
 
 
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(b)
Acceptance .  Awards of Restricted Stock must be accepted within a period of 60 days (or such other period as the Committee may specify) after the grant date, by executing a Restricted Stock agreement and by paying whatever price (if any) the Committee has designated thereunder.
 
 
(c)
Legend .  Each Participant receiving Restricted Stock shall be issued a stock certificate in respect of such shares of Restricted Stock, unless the Committee elects to use another system, such as book entries by the transfer agent, as evidencing ownership of shares of Restricted Stock.  Such certificate shall be registered in the name of such Participant, and shall, in addition to such legends required by applicable securities laws, bear an appropriate legend referring to the terms, conditions, and restrictions applicable to such Award, substantially in the following form:
 
“The anticipation, alienation, attachment, sale, transfer, assignment, pledge, encumbrance or charge of the shares of stock represented hereby are subject to the terms and conditions (including forfeiture) of the Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. (the “ Company ”) 2011 Stock Incentive Plan (as the same may be amended or amended and restated from time to time, the “ Plan ”) and an agreement entered into between the registered owner and the Company dated __________.  Copies of such Plan and agreement are on file at the principal office of the Company.”
 
 
(d)
Custody .  If stock certificates are issued in respect of shares of Restricted Stock, the Committee may require that any stock certificates evidencing such shares be held in custody by the Company until the restrictions thereon shall have lapsed, and that, as a condition of any grant of Restricted Stock, the Participant shall have delivered a duly signed stock power, endorsed in blank, relating to the Common Stock covered by such Award.
 
8.3             Restrictions and Conditions .  The shares of Restricted Stock awarded pursuant to the Plan shall be subject to the following restrictions and conditions:
 
 
(a)
(i)   Restriction Period .  The Participant shall not be permitted to Transfer shares of Restricted Stock awarded under the Plan during the period or periods set by the Committee (the “ Restriction Period ”) commencing on the date of such Award, as set forth in the Restricted Stock Award agreement and such agreement shall set forth a vesting schedule and any events that would accelerate vesting of the shares of Restricted Stock.  Within these limits, based on service, attainment of performance goals pursuant to Section 8.3(a)(ii) and/or such other factors or criteria as the Committee may determine in its sole discretion, the Committee may condition the grant or provide for the lapse of such restrictions in installments in whole or in part, or may accelerate the vesting of all or any part of any Restricted Stock Award and/or waive the deferral limitations for all or any part of any Restricted Stock Award.
 
 
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(ii)            Objective Performance Goals, Formulae or Standards .  If the grant of shares of Restricted Stock or the lapse of restrictions is based on the attainment of Performance Goals, the Committee shall establish the Performance Goals and the applicable vesting percentage of the Restricted Stock Award applicable to each Participant or class of Participants in writing prior to the beginning of the applicable fiscal year or at such later date as otherwise determined by the Committee and while the outcome of the Performance Goals are substantially uncertain.  Such Performance Goals may incorporate provisions for disregarding (or adjusting for) changes in accounting methods, corporate transactions (including, without limitation, dispositions and acquisitions) and other similar type events or circumstances.  With regard to a Restricted Stock Award that is intended to comply with Section 162(m) of the Code, to the extent any such provision would create impermissible discretion under Section 162(m) of the Code or otherwise violate Section 162(m) of the Code, such provision shall be of no force or effect.  The applicable Performance Goals shall be based on one or more of the performance criteria set forth in Exhibit A hereto.
 
 
(b)
Rights as a Stockholder .  Except as provided in this Section 8.3(b) and Section 8.3(a) above and as otherwise determined by the Committee, the Participant shall have, with respect to the shares of Restricted Stock, all of the rights of a holder of shares of Common Stock of the Company including, without limitation, the right to receive any dividends, the right to vote such shares and, subject to and conditioned upon the full vesting of shares of Restricted Stock, the right to tender such shares.  The Committee may, in its sole discretion, determine at the time of grant that the payment of dividends shall be deferred until, and conditioned upon, the expiration of the applicable Restriction Period.
 
 
(c)
Lapse of Restrictions .  If and when the Restriction Period expires without a prior forfeiture of the Restricted Stock, the certificates for such shares shall be delivered to the Participant.  All legends shall be removed from said certificates at the time of delivery to the Participant, except as otherwise required by applicable law or other limitations imposed by the Committee.
 
ARTICLE IX
 
PERFORMANCE SHARES
 
 
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9.1             Award of Performance Shares .  Performance Shares may be awarded either alone or in addition to other Awards granted under the Plan.  The Committee shall, in its sole discretion, determine the Eligible Employees, Consultants and Non-Employee Directors, to whom, and the time or times at which, Performance Shares shall be awarded, the number of Performance Shares to be awarded to any person, the Performance Period during which, and the conditions under which, receipt of the Shares will be deferred, and the other terms and conditions of the Award in addition to those set forth in Section 9.2 .
 
Unless otherwise determined by the Committee at grant, each Award of Performance Shares shall provide that in the event the Participant engages in Detrimental Activity prior to, or during the one-year period after the later of the date of any vesting of Performance Shares or the date of the Participant’s Termination, the Committee may direct (at any time within one year thereafter) that all unvested Performance Shares shall be immediately forfeited to the Company and that the Participant shall pay over to the Company an amount equal to any gain the Participant realized from any Performance Shares that had vested in the period referred to above.
 
Except as otherwise provided herein, the Committee shall condition the right to payment of any Performance Share upon the attainment of objective performance goals established pursuant to Section 9.2(c) .
 
9.2             Terms and Conditions .  Performance Shares awarded pursuant to this Article IX shall be subject to the following terms and conditions:
 
 
(a)
Earning of Performance Share Award .  At the expiration of the applicable Performance Period, the Committee shall determine the extent to which the performance goals established pursuant to Section 9.2(c) are achieved and the percentage of each Performance Share Award that has been earned.
 
 
(b)
Non-Transferability .  Subject to the applicable provisions of the Award agreement and the Plan, Performance Shares may not be Transferred during the Performance Period.
 
 
(c)
Objective Performance Goals, Formulae or Standards .  The Committee shall establish the objective Performance Goals for the earning of Performance Shares based on a Performance Period applicable to each Participant or class of Participants in writing prior to the beginning of the applicable Performance Period or at such later date as permitted under Section 162(m) of the Code and while the outcome of the Performance Goals are substantially uncertain.  Such Performance Goals may incorporate, if and only to the extent permitted under Section 162(m) of the Code, provisions for disregarding (or adjusting for) changes in accounting methods, corporate transactions (including, without limitation, dispositions and acquisitions) and other similar type events or circumstances.  To the extent any such provision would create impermissible discretion under Section 162(m) of the Code or otherwise violate Section 162(m) of the Code, such provision shall be of no force or effect.  The applicable Performance Goals shall be based on one or more of the performance criteria set forth in Exhibit A hereto.
 
 
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(d)
Dividends .  Unless otherwise determined by the Committee at the time of grant, amounts equal to any dividends declared during the Performance Period with respect to the number of shares of Common Stock covered by a Performance Share will not be paid to the Participant.
 
 
(e)
Payment .  Following the Committee’s determination in accordance with Section 9.5(a) , shares of Common Stock or, as determined by the Committee in its sole discretion, the cash equivalent of such shares shall be delivered to the Eligible Employee, Consultant or Non-Employee Director, or his legal representative, in an amount equal to such individual’s earned Performance Share.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Committee may, in its sole discretion, award an amount less than the earned Performance Share and/or subject the payment of all or part of any Performance Share to additional vesting, forfeiture and deferral conditions as it deems appropriate.
 
 
(f)
Accelerated Vesting .  Based on service, performance and/or such other factors or criteria, if any, as the Committee may determine, the Committee may, in its sole discretion, at or after grant, accelerate the vesting of all or any part of any Performance Share Award and/or waive the deferral limitations for all or any part of such Award.
 
ARTICLE X
 
OTHER STOCK-BASED AWARDS
 
10.1             Other Awards .  The Committee, in its sole discretion, is authorized to grant to Eligible Employees, Consultants and Non-Employee Directors Other Stock-Based Awards that are payable in, valued in whole or in part by reference to, or otherwise based on or related to shares of Common Stock, including, but not limited to, shares of Common Stock awarded purely as a bonus and not subject to any restrictions or conditions, shares of Common Stock in payment of the amounts due under an incentive or performance plan sponsored or maintained by the Company or an Affiliate, performance units, dividend equivalent units, stock equivalent units, restricted stock units and deferred stock units.  To the extent permitted by law, the Committee may, in its sole discretion, permit Eligible Employees and/or Non-Employee Directors to defer all or a portion of their cash compensation in the form of Other Stock-Based Awards granted under the Plan, subject to the terms and conditions of any deferred compensation arrangement established by the Company, which shall be intended to comply with Section 409A of the Code.  Other Stock-Based Awards may be granted either alone or in addition to or in tandem with other Awards granted under the Plan.
 
Unless otherwise determined by the Committee at grant, each Other Stock-based Award shall provide that in the event the Participant engages in Detrimental Activity prior to, or during the one-year period after the later of the date of any vesting of Performance Shares or the date of the Participant’s Termination, the Committee may direct (at any time within one year thereafter) that any unvested portion of such Award shall be immediately forfeited to the Company and that the Participant shall pay over to the Company an amount equal to any gain the Participant realized from any such Award that had vested in the period referred to above.
 
 
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Subject to the provisions of the Plan, the Committee shall, in its sole discretion, have authority to determine the Eligible Employees, Consultants and Non-Employee Directors, to whom, and the time or times at which, such Awards shall be made, the number of shares of Common Stock to be awarded pursuant to such Awards, and all other conditions of the Awards.  The Committee may also provide for the grant of Common Stock under such Awards upon the completion of a specified performance period.
 
The Committee may condition the grant or vesting of Other Stock-Based Awards upon the attainment of specified Performance Goals set forth on Exhibit A as the Committee may determine, in its sole discretion; provided that to the extent that such Other Stock-Based Awards are intended to comply with Section 162(m) of the Code, the Committee shall establish the objective Performance Goals for the vesting of such Other Stock-Based Awards based on a performance period applicable to each Participant or class of Participants in writing prior to the beginning of the applicable performance period or at such later date as permitted under Section 162(m) of the Code and while the outcome of the Performance Goals are substantially uncertain.  Such Performance Goals may incorporate, if and only to the extent permitted under Section 162(m) of the Code, provisions for disregarding (or adjusting for) changes in accounting methods, corporate transactions (including, without limitation, dispositions and acquisition) and other similar type events or circumstances.  To the extent any such provision would create impermissible discretion under Section 162(m) of the Code or otherwise violate Section 162(m) of the Code, such provision shall be of no force or effect.  The applicable Performance Goals shall be based on one or more of the performance criteria set forth in Exhibit A hereto.
 
10.2             Terms and Conditions .  Other Stock-Based Awards made pursuant to this Article X shall be subject to the following terms and conditions:
 
 
(a)
Non-Transferability .  Subject to the applicable provisions of the Award agreement and the Plan, shares of Common Stock subject to Awards made under this Article X may not be Transferred prior to the date on which the shares are issued, or, if later, the date on which any applicable restriction, performance or deferral period lapses.
 
 
(b)
Dividends .  Unless otherwise determined by the Committee at the time of Award, subject to the provisions of the Award agreement and the Plan, the recipient of an Award under this Article X shall not be entitled to receive, currently or on a deferred basis, dividends or dividend equivalents with respect to the number of shares of Common Stock covered by the Award.
 
 
(c)
Vesting .  Any Award under this Article X and any Common Stock covered by any such Award shall vest or be forfeited to the extent so provided in the Award agreement, as determined by the Committee, in its sole discretion.
 
 
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(d)
Price .  Common Stock issued on a bonus basis under this Article X may be issued for no cash consideration; Common Stock purchased pursuant to a purchase right awarded under this Article X shall be priced, as determined by the Committee in its sole discretion.
 
 
(e)
Payment .  Form of payment for the Other Stock-Based Award shall be specified in the Award agreement.
 
ARTICLE XI
 
TERMINATION
 
11.1             Termination .  The following rules apply with regard to the Termination of a Participant.
 
 
(a)
Rules Applicable to Stock Option and Stock Appreciation Rights.   Unless otherwise determined by the Committee at grant (or, if no rights of the Participant are reduced, thereafter):
 
(i)            Termination by Reason of Death, Disability or Retirement.   If a Participant’s Termination is by reason of death, Disability or the Participant’s Retirement, all Stock Options or Stock Appreciation Rights that are held by such Participant that are vested and exercisable at the time of the Participant’s Termination may be exercised by the Participant (or, in the case of death, by the legal representative of the Participant’s estate) at any time within a one-year period from the date of such Termination, but in no event beyond the expiration of the stated term of such Stock Options or Stock Appreciation Rights; provided , however , if the Participant dies within such exercise period, all unexercised Stock Options or Stock Appreciation Rights held by such Participant shall thereafter be exercisable, to the extent to which they were exercisable at the time of death, for a period of one year from the date of such death, but in no event beyond the expiration of the stated term of such Stock Options or Stock Appreciation Rights.
 
(ii)            Involuntary Termination Without Cause.   If a Participant’s Termination is by involuntary termination without Cause, all Stock Options or Stock Appreciation Rights that are held by such Participant that are vested and exercisable at the time of the Participant’s Termination may be exercised by the Participant at any time within a period of 90 days from the date of such Termination, but in no event beyond the expiration of the stated term of such Stock Options or Stock Appreciation Rights.
 
 
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(iii)            Voluntary Termination.   If a Participant’s Termination is voluntary (other than a voluntary termination described in Section 11.2(a)(iv)(2) , or a Retirement), all Stock Options or Stock Appreciation Rights that are held by such Participant that are vested and exercisable at the time of the Participant’s Termination may be exercised by the Participant at any time within a period of 30 days from the date of such Termination, but in no event beyond the expiration of the stated terms of such Stock Options or Stock Appreciation Rights.
 
(iv)            Termination for Cause.   If a Participant’s Termination: (A) is for Cause, or (B) is a voluntary Termination (as provided in Section 11.1(a)(iii) ) or a Retirement after the occurrence of an event that would be grounds for a Termination for Cause, all Stock Options or Stock Appreciation Rights, whether vested or not vested, that are held by such Participant shall thereupon terminate and expire as of the date of such Termination.
 
(v)            Unvested Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights.   Stock Options or Stock Appreciation Rights that are not vested as of the date of a Participant’s Termination for any reason shall terminate and expire as of the date of such Termination.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a Participant is deemed to have experienced a Termination of Employment in accordance with the last sentence of Section 2.54 of the Plan, then (A) any Stock Options and any Stock Appreciation Rights that are not vested as of the date of such Participant’s Termination of Employment in accordance with the last sentence of Section 2.54 of the Plan (“ Special Unvested Options or Rights ”) shall not terminate or expire as of the date of such Termination of Employment and shall remain outstanding until a Participant experiences a Termination of Employment (other than on account of the last sentence of Section 2.54 of the Plan), but in no event beyond the expiration of the stated term of any such Special Unvested Options or Rights, and (B) no Special Unvested Options or Rights will thereafter vest except as set forth in the next succeeding sentence.  If, after a Termination of Employment in accordance with the last sentence of Section 2.54 of the Plan, (1) a Participant remains continuously employed by the Company or any of its Affiliates, and (2) subsequent thereto, such Participant becomes regularly scheduled to work more than 24 hours per week, then any Special Unvested Options or Rights shall immediately vest as to any shares of Common Stock that did not vest under the terms of such Special Unvested Options or Rights between the date of such Participant’s Termination of Employment in accordance with the last sentence of Section 2.54 of the Plan and the date such Participant became regularly scheduled to work more than 24 hours per week solely as a result of the application of the immediately preceding sentence.
 
 
(b)
Rules Applicable to Restricted Stock, Performance Shares and Other Stock-Based Awards .   Unless otherwise determined by the Committee at grant or thereafter, upon a Participant’s Termination for any reason:  (i) during the relevant Restriction Period, all Restricted Stock still subject to restriction shall be forfeited; and (ii) any unvested Performance Shares or Other Stock-Based Awards shall be forfeited.
 
 
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ARTICLE XII
 
CHANGE IN CONTROL PROVISIONS
 
12.1             Benefits .  In the event of a Change in Control of the Company, and except as otherwise provided by the Committee in an Award agreement or in a written employment agreement between the Company and a Participant, a Participant’s unvested Award shall vest in full and a Participant’s Award shall be treated in accordance with one of the following methods as determined by the Committee in its sole discretion:
 
 
(a)
Awards, whether or not vested by their terms or pursuant to the preceding sentence, shall be continued, assumed, have new rights substituted therefor or be treated in accordance with Section 4.2(d) , as determined by the Committee in its sole discretion, and restrictions to which any shares of Restricted Stock or any other Award granted prior to the Change in Control are subject shall not lapse upon a Change in Control (other than with respect to vesting pursuant to the foregoing provisions of this Section 12.1 ) and the Restricted Stock or other Award shall, where appropriate in the sole discretion of the Committee, receive the same or other appropriate distribution as other Common Stock on such terms as determined by the Committee in its sole discretion; provided , however , that, the Committee may, in its sole discretion, decide to award additional Restricted Stock or other Award in lieu of any cash distribution.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, for purposes of Incentive Stock Options, any assumed or substituted Stock Option shall comply with the requirements of Treasury Regulation §  1.424-1 (and any amendments thereto).
 
 
(b)
The Committee, in its sole discretion, may provide for the purchase of any Awards by the Company or an Affiliate (or the cancellation and extinguishment thereof pursuant to the terms of a merger agreement entered into by the Company) for an amount of cash equal to the excess of the Change in Control Price (as defined below) of the shares of Common Stock covered by such Awards, over the aggregate exercise price of such Awards.  For purposes of this Section 12.1 , “ Change in Control Price ” shall mean the highest price per share of Common Stock paid in any transaction related to a Change in Control of the Company.
 
 
(c)
The Committee may, in its sole discretion, provide for the cancellation of any particular Award or Awards without payment, if the Change in Control Price is less than the Fair Market Value of such Award(s) on the date of grant.
 
 
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(d)
Notwithstanding anything else herein, the Committee may, in its sole discretion, provide for accelerated vesting or lapse of restrictions, of an Award at the time of grant or at any time thereafter.
 
12.2             Change in Control .  Unless otherwise determined by the Committee in the applicable Award agreement or other written agreement approved by the Committee, a “Change in Control” shall be deemed to occur following any transaction if:  (a) any “person” as such term is used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act (other than the Company, any trustee or other fiduciary holding securities under any employee benefit plan of the Company, or any company owned, directly or indirectly, by the stockholders of the Company in substantially the same proportions as their ownership of Common Stock of the Company), becomes the “beneficial owner” (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly, of 40% or more of the combined voting power of the then outstanding securities of the Company (or its successor corporation) ; or (b) the stockholders of the Company approve a plan of complete liquidation of the Company or the consummation of the sale or disposition by the Company of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets other than (i) the sale or disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company to a person or persons who beneficially own, directly or indirectly, at least 50% or more of the combined voting power of the outstanding voting securities of the Company at the time of the sale, or (ii) pursuant to a spin-off type transaction, directly or indirectly, of such assets to the stockholders of the Company.
 
ARTICLE XIII
 
TERMINATION OR AMENDMENT OF PLAN
 
13.1             Termination or Amendment .  Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan, the Board or the Committee may at any time, and from time to time, amend, in whole or in part, any or all of the provisions of the Plan (including any amendment deemed necessary to ensure that the Company may comply with any regulatory requirement referred to in Article XV ), or suspend or terminate it entirely, retroactively or otherwise; provided , however , that, unless otherwise required by law or specifically provided herein, the rights of a Participant with respect to Awards granted prior to such amendment, suspension or termination, may not be impaired without the consent of such Participant and, provided further, without the approval of the stockholders of the Company in accordance with the laws of the State of Maryland, to the extent required by the applicable provisions of Rule 16b-3 or Section 162(m) of the Code, pursuant to the requirements of any applicable stock exchange rule, or, to the extent applicable to Incentive Stock Options, Section 422 of the Code, no amendment may be made that would:
 
 
(a)
increase the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued under the Plan pursuant to Section 4.1 (except by operation of Section 4.2 );
 
 
(b)
increase the maximum individual Participant limitations for a fiscal year under Section 4.1(b) (except by operation of Section 4.2 );
 
 
(c)
change the classification of Eligible Employees or Consultants eligible to receive Awards under the Plan;
 
 
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(d)
decrease the minimum option price of any Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right;
 
 
(e)
extend the maximum option period under Section 6.3 ;
 
 
(f)
alter the Performance Goals for the Award of Restricted Stock, Performance Shares or Other Stock-Based Awards subject to satisfaction of Performance Goals as set forth in Exhibit A ;
 
 
(g)
award any Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right in replacement of a canceled Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right with a higher exercise price, except in accordance with Section 6.3(g) ; or
 
 
(h)
require stockholder approval in order for the Plan to continue to comply with the applicable provisions of Section 162(m) of the Code or, to the extent applicable to Incentive Stock Options, Section 422 of the Code.  In no event may the Plan be amended without the approval of the stockholders of the Company in accordance with the applicable laws of the State of Maryland to increase the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued under the Plan, decrease the minimum exercise price of any Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right, or to make any other amendment that would require stockholder approval under NYSE Amex rules, or the rules of any other exchange or system on which the Company's securities are listed or traded at the request of the Company.
 
The Committee may amend the terms of any Award theretofore granted, prospectively or retroactively, but, subject to Article IV or as otherwise specifically provided herein, no such amendment or other action by the Committee shall adversely impair the rights of any holder without the holder’s consent.  Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Board or the Committee may amend the Plan or any Award granted hereunder at any time without a Participant’s consent to comply with Code Section 409A or any other applicable law.
 
 
ARTICLE XIV
 
UNFUNDED PLAN
 
14.1             Unfunded Status of Plan .  The Plan is an “unfunded” plan for incentive and deferred compensation.  With respect to any payments as to which a Participant has a fixed and vested interest but that are not yet made to a Participant by the Company, nothing contained herein shall give any such Participant any rights that are greater than those of a general unsecured creditor of the Company.
 
 
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ARTICLE XV
 
GENERAL PROVISIONS
 
15.1             Legend .  The Committee may require each person receiving shares of Common Stock pursuant to an Award granted under the Plan to represent to and agree with the Company in writing that the Participant is acquiring the shares without a view to distribution thereof and such other securities law-related representations as the Committee shall request.  In addition to any legend required by the Plan, the certificates and/or book entry accounts for such shares may include any legend that the Committee, in its sole discretion, deems appropriate to reflect any restrictions on Transfer.
 
All certificates and/or book entry accounts for shares of Common Stock delivered under the Plan shall be subject to such stop transfer orders and other restrictions as the Committee may, in its sole discretion, deem advisable under the rules, regulations and other requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission, the NYSE Amex stock market or any national securities exchange system upon whose system the Common Stock is then quoted, any applicable Federal or state securities law, and any applicable corporate law, and the Committee may cause a legend or legends to be put on any such certificates to make appropriate reference to such restrictions.
 
15.2             Other Plans .  Nothing contained in the Plan shall prevent the Board from adopting other or additional compensation arrangements, subject to stockholder approval if such approval is required; and such arrangements may be either generally applicable or applicable only in specific cases.
 
15.3             No Right to Employment/Directorship/Consultancy .  Neither the Plan nor the grant of any Option or other Award hereunder shall give any Participant or other employee, Consultant or Non-Employee Director any right with respect to continuance of employment, consultancy or directorship by the Company or any Affiliate, nor shall they be a limitation in any way on the right of the Company or any Affiliate by which an employee is employed or a Consultant or Non-Employee Director is retained to terminate his or her employment, consultancy or directorship at any time.
 
15.4             Withholding of Taxes .  The Company shall have the right to deduct from any payment to be made pursuant to the Plan, or to otherwise require, prior to the issuance or delivery of any shares of Common Stock or the payment of any cash hereunder, payment by the Participant of, any Federal, state or local taxes required by law to be withheld.  Upon the vesting of Restricted Stock (or other Award that is taxable upon vesting), or upon making an election under Section 83(b) of the Code, a Participant shall pay all required withholding to the Company.  Any statutorily required withholding obligation with regard to any Participant may be satisfied, subject to the advance consent of the Committee, by reducing the number of shares of Common Stock otherwise deliverable or by delivering shares of Common Stock already owned.  Any fraction of a share of Common Stock required to satisfy such tax obligations shall be disregarded and the amount due shall be paid instead in cash by the Participant.
 
 
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15.5             No Assignment of Benefits .  No Award or other benefit payable under the Plan shall, except as otherwise specifically provided by law or permitted by the Committee, be Transferable in any manner, and any attempt to Transfer any such benefit shall be void, and any such benefit shall not in any manner be liable for or subject to the debts, contracts, liabilities, engagements or torts of any person who shall be entitled to such benefit, nor shall it be subject to attachment or legal process for or against such person.
 
15.6             Listing and Other Conditions .
 
 
(a)
Unless otherwise determined by the Committee, as long as the Common Stock is listed on a national securities exchange or system sponsored by a national securities association, the issue of any shares of Common Stock pursuant to an Award shall be conditioned upon such shares being listed on such exchange or system.  The Company shall have no obligation to issue such shares unless and until such shares are so listed, and the right to exercise any Option or other Award with respect to such shares shall be suspended until such listing has been effected.
 
 
(b)
If at any time counsel to the Company shall be of the opinion that any sale or delivery of shares of Common Stock pursuant to an Option or other Award is or may in the circumstances be unlawful or result in the imposition of excise taxes on the Company under the statutes, rules or regulations of any applicable jurisdiction, the Company shall have no obligation to make such sale or delivery, or to make any application or to effect or to maintain any qualification or registration under the Securities Act or otherwise, with respect to shares of Common Stock or Awards, and the right to exercise any Option or other Award shall be suspended until, in the opinion of said counsel, such sale or delivery shall be lawful or will not result in the imposition of excise taxes on the Company.
 
 
(c)
Upon termination of any period of suspension under this Section 15.6 , any Award affected by such suspension that shall not then have expired or terminated shall be reinstated as to all shares available before such suspension and as to shares that would otherwise have become available during the period of such suspension, but no such suspension shall extend the term of any Award.
 
 
(d)
A Participant shall be required to supply the Company with any certificates, representations and information that the Company requests and otherwise cooperate with the Company in obtaining any listing, registration, qualification, exemption, consent or approval the Company deems necessary or appropriate.
 
15.7             Governing Law .  The Plan and actions taken in connection herewith shall be governed and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Maryland (regardless of the law that might otherwise govern under applicable Maryland principles of conflict of laws).
 
15.8             Construction .  Wherever any words are used in the Plan in the masculine gender they shall be construed as though they were also used in the feminine gender in all cases where they would so apply, and wherever any words are used herein in the singular form they shall be construed as though they were also used in the plural form in all cases where they would so apply.
 
 
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15.9             Other Benefits .  No Award granted or paid out under the Plan shall be deemed compensation for purposes of computing benefits under any retirement plan of the Company or its Affiliates nor affect any benefits under any other benefit plan now or subsequently in effect under which the availability or amount of benefits is related to the level of compensation.
 
15.10             Costs .  The Company shall bear all expenses associated with administering the Plan, including expenses of issuing Common Stock pursuant to any Awards hereunder.
 
15.11             No Right to Same Benefits .  The provisions of Awards need not be the same with respect to each Participant, and such Awards to individual Participants need not be the same in subsequent years.
 
15.12             Death/Disability .   The Committee may in its sole discretion require the transferee of a Participant to supply it with written notice of the Participant’s death or Disability and to supply it with a copy of the will (in the case of the Participant’s death) or such other evidence as the Committee deems necessary to establish the validity of the transfer of an Award.  The Committee may, in its discretion, also require the agreement of the transferee to be bound by all of the terms and conditions of the Plan.
 
15.13             Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act .  On and after the Registration Date, all elections and transactions under the Plan by persons subject to Section 16 of the Exchange Act involving shares of Common Stock are intended to comply with any applicable exemptive condition under Rule 16b-3.  The Committee may, in its sole discretion, establish and adopt written administrative guidelines, designed to facilitate compliance with Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act, as it may deem necessary or proper for the administration and operation of the Plan and the transaction of business thereunder.
 
15.14             Section 409A of the Code .  Although the Company does not guarantee the particular tax treatment of an Award granted under the Plan, Awards made under the Plan are intended to comply with, or be exempt from, the applicable requirements of Section 409A of the Code and the Plan and any Award agreement hereunder shall be limited, construed and interpreted in accordance with such intent.  Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, any provision in the Plan that is inconsistent with Section 409A of the Code shall be deemed to be amended to comply with Section 409A of the Code and to the extent such provision cannot be amended to comply therewith, such provision shall be null and void.
 
15.15             Successor and Assigns .  The Plan shall be binding on all successors and permitted assigns of a Participant, including, without limitation, the estate of such Participant and the executor, administrator or trustee of such estate.
 
15.16             Severability of Provisions .  If any provision of the Plan shall be held invalid or unenforceable, such invalidity or unenforceability shall not affect any other provisions hereof, and the Plan shall be construed and enforced as if such provisions had not been included.
 
 
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15.17             Payments to Minors, Etc .   Any benefit payable to or for the benefit of a minor, an incompetent person or other person incapable of receipt thereof shall be deemed paid when paid to such person’s guardian or to the party providing or reasonably appearing to provide for the care of such person, and such payment shall fully discharge the Committee, the Board, the Company, its Affiliates and their employees, agents and representatives with respect thereto.
 
15.18             Headings and Captions .  The headings and captions herein are provided for reference and convenience only, shall not be considered part of the Plan, and shall not be employed in the construction of the Plan.
 
15.19             Transition Period .   The Plan has been adopted by the Board and approved by its stockholders, both of which occurred prior to the occurrence of a Registration Date.  The Plan is intended to constitute a plan described in Treasury Regulation Section 1.162-27(f)(1), pursuant to which the deduction limits under Section 162(m) of the Code do not apply during the applicable reliance period.  The reliance period shall end on the earliest date identified in the definition of “Transition Period” contained in Section 2.56 of the Plan.
 
ARTICLE XVI
 
EFFECTIVE DATE OF PLAN
 
The Plan shall become effective upon adoption by the Board or such later date as provided in the adopting resolution, subject to the approval of the Plan by the stockholders of the Company within 12 months before or after adoption of the Plan by the Board in accordance with the laws of the State of Maryland.
 
ARTICLE XVII
 
TERM OF PLAN
 
The Plan was adopted by the Board on February 25, 2011, and was approved by the Company’s stockholders on February 25, 2011.  No Award shall be granted pursuant to the Plan on or after December 31, 2013, but Awards granted prior to such date may, and the Committee’s authority to administer the terms of such Awards, extend beyond that date; provided , however , that no Award (other than a Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right) that is intended to be “performance-based” under Section 162(m) of the Code shall be granted on or after the fifth anniversary of the stockholder approval of the Plan unless the Performance Goals set forth on Exhibit A are reapproved (or other designated performance goals are approved) by the stockholders no later than the first stockholder meeting that occurs in the fifth year following the year in which stockholders approve the Performance Goals set forth on Exhibit A .
 
ARTICLE XVIII
 
NAME OF PLAN
 
The Plan shall be known as the “Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. 2011 Stock Incentive Plan.”
 
 
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EXHIBIT A
 
PERFORMANCE GOALS
 
To the extent permitted under Section 162(m) of the Code, performance goals established for purposes of the grant or vesting of Awards of Restricted Stock, Other Stock-Based Awards and/or Performance Shares, each intended to be “performance-based” under Section 162(m) of the Code, shall be based on the attainment of certain target levels of, or a specified increase or decrease (as applicable) in one or more of the following performance goals (“ Performance Goals ”):
 
 
(a)
earnings per share;
 
 
(b)
operating income;
 
 
(c)
net income;
 
 
(d)
cash flow;
 
 
(e)
gross profit;
 
 
(f)
gross profit return on investment;
 
 
(g)
gross margin return on investment;
 
 
(h)
gross margin;
 
 
(i)
working capital;
 
 
(j)
earnings before interest and taxes;
 
 
(k)
earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization;
 
 
(l)
return on equity;
 
 
(m)
return on assets;
 
 
(n)
return on capital;
 
 
(o)
return on invested capital;
 
 
(p)
net revenues;
 
 
(q)
gross revenues;
 
 
(r)
revenue growth;
 
 
(s)
total shareholder return;
 
 
i

 
 
 
(t)
economic value added;
 
 
(u)
specified objectives with regard to limiting the level of increase in all or a portion of the Company’s bank debt or other long-term or short-term public or private debt or other similar financial obligations of the Company, which may be calculated net of cash balances and/or other offsets and adjustments as may be established by the Committee in its sole discretion;
 
 
(v)
the fair market value of the shares of the Company’s Common Stock;
 
 
(w)
the growth in the value of an investment in the Company’s Common Stock assuming the reinvestment of dividends; or
 
 
(x)
reduction in expenses.
 
To the extent permitted under Section 162(m) of the Code, the Committee may, in its sole discretion, also exclude, or adjust to reflect, the impact of an event or occurrence that the Committee determines should be appropriately excluded or adjusted, including:
 
(i)           restructurings, discontinued operations, extraordinary items or events, and other unusual or non-recurring charges as described in Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 30 and/or management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations appearing or incorporated by reference in the Company’s Form 10-K for the applicable year;
 
(ii)           an event either not directly related to the operations of the Company or not within the reasonable control of the Company’s management; or
 
(iii)           a change in tax law or accounting standards required by generally accepted accounting principles.
 
Performance goals may also be based upon individual Participant performance goals, as determined by the Committee, in its sole discretion.
 
In addition, such Performance Goals may be based upon the attainment of specified levels of Company (or subsidiary, division, other operational unit or administrative department of the Company) performance under one or more of the measures described above relative to the performance of other corporations.  To the extent permitted under Section 162(m) of the Code, but only to the extent permitted under Section 162(m) of the Code (including, without limitation, compliance with any requirements for stockholder approval), the Committee may also:
 
(a)           designate additional business criteria on which the performance goals may be based; or
 
(b)           adjust, modify or amend the aforementioned business criteria.
 
 
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
 
ARTICLE I  PURPOSE 1
   
ARTICLE II  DEFINITIONS 1
   
ARTICLE III  ADMINISTRATION 8
   
ARTICLE IV  SHARE LIMITATION 11
   
ARTICLE V  ELIGIBILITY AND GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR AWARDS 15
   
ARTICLE VI  STOCK OPTIONS 16
   
ARTICLE VII  STOCK APPRECIATION RIGHTS 19
   
ARTICLE VIII  RESTRICTED STOCK 22
   
ARTICLE IX  PERFORMANCE SHARES 24
   
ARTICLE X  OTHER STOCK-BASED AWARDS 26
   
ARTICLE XI  TERMINATION 28
   
ARTICLE XII  CHANGE IN CONTROL PROVISIONS 30
   
ARTICLE XIII  TERMINATION OR AMENDMENT OF PLAN 31
   
ARTICLE XIV  UNFUNDED PLAN 32
   
ARTICLE XV  GENERAL PROVISIONS 33
   
ARTICLE XVI  EFFECTIVE DATE OF PLAN 36
   
ARTICLE XVII  TERM OF PLAN 36
   
ARTICLE XVIII  NAME OF PLAN 36
   
EXHIBIT A   PERFORMANCE GOALS i
   
 
 
 

 
 
 
PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES, INC.
 

2011 STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN
 
(effective as of February 25, 2011)
 

 
 
 
 

 


RESTRICTED STOCK AGREEMENT
PURSUANT TO THE
PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES, INC.
2011 STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN
 
THIS AGREEMENT   made as of the ___ day of, 2011 (this Agreement ”) , between Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. (the “ Company ”) and (the “ Participant ”).
 
W I T N E S S E T H :
 
WHEREAS , the Company has adopted the Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. 2011 Stock Incentive Plan (the “ Plan ”), which is administered by a Committee appointed by the Company’s Board of Directors (the “ Committee ”); and
 
WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 8.1 of the Plan, the Committee may grant to Non-Employee Directors shares of its common stock, par value $0.01 per share (“ Common Stock ”), in the amount set forth below; and
 
WHEREAS, the Shares (as defined below) are to be subject to certain restrictions;
 
NOW, THEREFORE , for and in consideration of the mutual promises herein contained, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which hereby are acknowledged, the parties agree as follows:
 
1.        Grant of Shares .   Subject to the restrictions, terms and conditions of this Agreement, the Company awarded the Participant [●] shares of validly issued Common Stock (the “ Shares ”) on, 2011 (the “ Grant Date ”).  Pursuant to Section 2 , the Shares are subject to certain restrictions, which restrictions relate to the passage of time as director of the Company.  While such restrictions are in effect, the Shares subject to such restrictions shall be referred to herein as “ Restricted Stock ”.
 
2.        Restrictions on Transfer .   The Participant shall not sell, transfer, pledge, hypothecate, assign or otherwise dispose of the Shares, except as set forth in the Plan or this Agreement.  Any attempted sale, transfer, pledge, hypothecation, assignment or other disposition of the Shares in violation of the Plan or this Agreement shall be void and of no effect and the Company shall have the right to disregard the same on its books and records and to issue “stop transfer” instructions to its transfer agent.
 
3.       Restricted Stock .
 
(a)            Retention of Certificates .    Promptly after the date of this Agreement, the Company shall issue stock certificates representing the Restricted Stock unless, to the extent permitted under applicable law, it elects to issue the Shares in the form of uncertificated shares and recognize such ownership through an uncertificated book entry account maintained by the Company (or its designee) on behalf of the Participant or through another similar method. The stock certificates shall be registered in the Participant’s name and shall bear any legend required under the Plan or Section 4(a) .  Unless held in uncertificated book entry form, such stock certificates shall be held in custody by the Company (or its designated agent) until the restrictions thereon shall have lapsed.  Upon the Company’s request, the Participant shall deliver to the Company a duly signed stock power, endorsed in blank, relating to the Restricted Stock.  If the Participant receives a stock dividend on the Restricted Stock or the shares of Restricted Stock are split or the Participant receives any other shares, securities, moneys or property representing a dividend on the Restricted Stock (other than cash dividends on or after the date of this Agreement) or representing a distribution or return of capital upon or in respect of the Restricted Stock or any part thereof, or resulting from a split-up, reclassification or other like changes of the Restricted Stock, or otherwise received in exchange therefor, or any warrants, rights or options issued to the Participant in respect of the Restricted Stock (collectively “ RS Property ”), the Participant will also immediately deposit with and deliver to the Company any of such RS Property, including, without limitation, any certificates representing shares duly endorsed in blank or accompanied by stock powers duly executed in blank, and such RS Property shall be subject to the same restrictions, including, without limitation, the restrictions in this Section 3(a) , as the Restricted Stock with regard to which they are issued and shall herein be encompassed within the term “Restricted Stock.”
 
 
 

 
 
(b)            Rights with Regard to Restricted Stock .   Subject to Section 8 , the Participant will have the right to vote the Restricted Stock, to receive and retain any dividends payable to holders of record of Restricted Stock on and after the transfer of the Restricted Stock (although such dividends shall be treated, to the extent required by applicable law, as additional compensation for tax purposes if paid on Restricted Stock and stock dividends will be subject to the restrictions provided in Section 3(a) ), and to exercise all other rights, powers and privileges of a holder of Common Stock with respect to the Restricted Stock set forth in the Plan, except that:  (i) the Participant shall not be entitled to delivery of the stock certificate or certificates representing the Restricted Stock until the Restriction Period shall have expired; (ii) the Company (or its designated agent) shall retain custody of the stock certificate or certificates representing the Restricted Stock and the other RS Property during the Restriction Period; (iii) no RS Property shall bear interest or be segregated in separate accounts during the Restriction Period; and (iv) the Participant shall not sell, assign, transfer, pledge, exchange, encumber or dispose of the Restricted Stock during the Restriction Period.
 
(c)            Vesting .   The Restricted Stock shall become vested and cease to be Restricted Stock (but shall remain subject to Section 5 ) pursuant to the following schedule; provided that the Participant has not had a Termination any time prior to the vesting date:
 
Vesting Date
Number of Shares
The earlier to occur of (a) the first anniversary of the Grant Date and (b) the next annual meeting of the stockholders.
100%

There shall be no proportionate or partial vesting in the period prior to the vesting date and all vesting shall occur only on the vesting date; provided , however , that no Termination has occurred prior to such date.
 
The Restricted Stock will become fully vested on a Change in Control.

 
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The provisions of the second paragraph of Section 8.1 of the Plan regarding Detrimental Activity shall apply to the Restricted Stock.

When any shares of Restricted Stock become vested, the Company shall promptly issue and deliver, unless the Company is using book entry, to the Participant a new stock certificate registered in the name of the Participant for such shares of Restricted Stock without the legend set forth in Section 4(a) and deliver to the Participant any related other RS Property, subject to applicable withholding.

(d)            Forfeiture .   The Participant shall forfeit to the Company, without compensation, other than repayment of any par value paid by the Participant for the Shares (if any), any and all Restricted Stock (but no vested Shares) and RS Property upon the Participant’s Termination of Directorship for any reason.
 
(e)            Withholding .   Participant shall pay, or make arrangements to pay, in a manner satisfactory to the Company, an amount equal to the amount of all applicable federal, state and local or foreign taxes that the Company is required to withhold at any time.  In the absence of such arrangements, the Company or one of its Affiliates shall have the right to withhold such taxes from the Participant’s normal pay or other amounts payable to the Participant, including, but not limited to, the right to withhold any of the Shares otherwise deliverable to the Participant hereunder.  In addition, any statutorily required withholding obligation may be satisfied, in whole or in part, at the Participant’s election, in the form and manner prescribed by the Committee, by delivery of shares of Common Stock (including, without limitation, the Shares issued under this Agreement).
 
(f)            Section 83(b) .   If the Participant properly elects (as required by Section 83(b) of the Code) within 30 days after the issuance of the Restricted Stock to include in gross income for federal income tax purposes in the year of issuance the fair market value of such shares of Restricted Stock, the Participant shall pay to the Company or make arrangements satisfactory to the Company to pay to the Company upon such election, any federal, state or local taxes required to be withheld with respect to the Restricted Stock.  If the Participant shall fail to make such payment, the Company shall, to the extent permitted by law, have the right to deduct from any payment of any kind otherwise due to the Participant any federal, state or local taxes of any kind required by law to be withheld with respect to the Restricted Stock, as well as the rights set forth in Section 3(e) .  The Participant acknowledges that it is the Participant’s sole responsibility, and not the Company’s, to file timely and properly the election under Section 83(b) of the Code and any corresponding provisions of state tax laws if the Participant elects to utilize such election.
 
(g)            Delivery Delay .   The delivery of any certificate representing the Restricted Stock or other RS Property may be postponed by the Company for such period as may be required for it to comply with any applicable federal or state securities law, or any national securities exchange listing requirements and the Company is not obligated to issue or deliver any securities if, in the opinion of counsel for the Company, the issuance of the Shares shall constitute a violation by the Participant or the Company of any provisions of any applicable federal or state law or of any regulations of any governmental authority or any national securities exchange.
 
 
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4.        Legend .   All certificates representing the Restricted Stock shall have endorsed thereon the following legends:
 
(a)           “The anticipation, alienation, attachment, sale, transfer, assignment, pledge, encumbrance or charge of the shares of stock represented hereby are subject to the terms and conditions (including forfeiture) of the Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. (the “Company”) 2011 Stock Incentive Plan (as the same may be amended or amended and restated from time to time, the “Plan”) and an agreement entered into between the registered owner and the Company dated __________. Copies of such Plan and agreement are on file at the principal office of the Company.”
 
(b)           “The shares represented by this certificate are subject to restrictions on beneficial and constructive ownership and transfer for the purpose of the maintenance by Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. (the “ Company ”) of its status as a real estate investment trust (“ REIT ”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “ Code ”). Subject to certain further restrictions and except as expressly provided in the Company’s charter, (i) no person, other than an excepted holder, shall beneficially own or constructively own shares in excess of the aggregate share ownership limit.  No excepted holder shall beneficially own or constructively own shares in excess of the excepted holder limit for such excepted holder, (ii) no person shall beneficially own or constructively own shares to the extent that such beneficial or constructive ownership of shares would result in the Company being “closely held” within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Code (without regard to whether the ownership interest is held during the last half of a taxable year), or otherwise failing to qualify as a REIT (including, but not limited to, beneficial ownership or constructive ownership that would result in the Company actually owning or constructively owning an interest in a tenant that is described in Section 856(d)(2)(b) of the Code if the income derived by the Company from such tenant would cause the Company to fail to satisfy any of the gross income requirements of Section 856(c) of the Code), and (iii) any transfer of shares that, if effective, would result in shares being beneficially owned by less than 100 persons (determined under the principles of Section 856(a)(5) of the Code) shall be void ab initio , and the intended transferee shall acquire no rights in such shares.  If any of the restrictions on transfer or ownership set forth in (i) through (iii) above are violated, the shares of capital stock represented hereby will be automatically transferred to a trustee of a trust for the benefit of one or more charitable beneficiaries.  In addition, the Company may take other actions, including redeeming shares upon the terms and conditions specified by the Board of Directors in its sole and absolute discretion if the Board of Directors determines that ownership or a transfer or other event may violate the restrictions described above.  Furthermore, upon the occurrence of certain events, attempted transfers in violation of the restrictions described above may be void ab initio .  All capitalized terms in this legend have the meanings defined in the charter of the Company, as the same may be amended from time to time, a copy of which, including the restrictions on transfer and ownership, will be furnished to each holder of capital stock of the Company on request and without charge.  Requests for such a copy may be directed to the Secretary of the Company at its principal office.”
 
 
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(c)           “The Company will furnish to any stockholder, on request and without charge, a full statement of the information required by Section 2-211(b) of the Corporations and Associations Article of the Annotated Code of Maryland with respect to the designations and any preferences, conversion and other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends and other distributions, qualifications, and terms and conditions of redemption of the stock of each class which the Company has authority to issue and, if the Company is authorized to issue any preferred or special class in series, (i) the differences in the relative rights and preferences between the shares of each series to the extent set, and (ii) the authority  of the Board of Directors to set such rights and preferences of subsequent series.  The foregoing summary does not purport to be complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the charter of the Company, a copy of which will be sent without charge to each stockholder who so requests.  Such request must be made to the Secretary of the Company at its principal office.”
 
(d)           Any legend required to be placed thereon by applicable blue sky laws of any state.
 
Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall the Company be obligated to deliver to the Participant a certificate representing the Restricted Stock prior to the vesting dates set forth above.

5.        Securities Representations .   The Shares are being issued to the Participant and this Agreement is being made by the Company in reliance upon the following express representations and warranties of the Participant.
 
The Participant acknowledges, represents and warrants that:

(a)           The Participant has been advised that the Participant may be an “affiliate” within the meaning of Rule 144 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “ Act ”) and in this connection the Company is relying in part on the Participant’s representations set forth in this Section 5 .
 
(b)           If the Participant is deemed an affiliate within the meaning of Rule 144 of the Act, the Shares must be held indefinitely unless an exemption from any applicable resale restrictions is available or the Company files an additional registration statement (or a “re-offer prospectus”) with regard to the Shares and the Company is under no obligation to register the Shares (or to file a “re-offer prospectus”).
 
(c)           If the Participant is deemed an affiliate within the meaning of Rule 144 of the Act, the Participant understands that the exemption from registration under Rule 144 will not be available unless (i) a public trading market then exists for the Common Stock of the Company, (ii) adequate information concerning the Company is then available to the public, and (iii) other terms and conditions of Rule 144 or any exemption therefrom are complied with; and that any sale of the Shares may be made only in limited amounts in accordance with such terms and conditions.
 
6.        No Obligation to Continue Employment .  This Agreement is not an agreement of employment.  This Agreement does not guarantee that the Company or its Affiliates will employ or retain, or continue to employ or retain, the Participant during the entire, or any portion of the, term of this Agreement, including, but not limited to, any period during which the Restricted Stock is outstanding, nor does it modify in any respect the Company’s or its Affiliate’s right to terminate or modify the Participant’s terms of service or compensation.
 
 
5

 
 
7.        Power of Attorney .   The Company, its successors and assigns are hereby appointed the attorneys-in-fact, with full power of substitution, of the Participant for the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this Agreement and taking any action and executing any instruments which such attorneys-in-fact may deem necessary or advisable to accomplish the purposes of this Agreement, which appointment as attorneys-in-fact is irrevocable and coupled with an interest.  The Company, as attorney-in-fact for the Participant, may in the name and stead of the Participant, make and execute all conveyances, assignments and transfers of the Shares and property provided for in this Agreement, and the Participant hereby ratifies and confirms all that the Company, as said attorney-in-fact, shall do by virtue hereof.  Nevertheless, the Participant shall, if so requested by the Company, execute and deliver to the Company all such instruments as may, in the judgment of the Company, be advisable for such purpose.
 
8.        Rights as a Stockholder .  The Participant shall have no rights as a stockholder with respect to any Restricted Stock unless and until the Participant has become the holder of record of the Shares, whether the Shares are represented by a certificate or through book entry or another similar method, and no adjustments shall be made for dividends in cash or other property, distributions or other rights in respect of any Shares, except as otherwise specifically provided for in the Plan or this Agreement.
 
9.        Provisions of Plan Control .  This Agreement is subject to all the terms, conditions and provisions of the Plan, including, without limitation, the amendment provisions thereof, and to such rules, regulations and interpretations relating to the Plan as may be adopted by the Committee and as may be in effect from time to time.  The Plan is incorporated herein by reference.  Capitalized terms in this Agreement that are not otherwise defined shall have the respective meanings set forth in the Plan.  If and to the extent that this Agreement conflicts or is inconsistent with the terms, conditions and provisions of the Plan, the Plan shall control, and this Agreement shall be deemed to be modified accordingly.  This Agreement contains the entire understanding of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes any prior agreements between the Company and the Participant with respect to the subject matter hereof.
 
10.                   Amendment .   To the extent applicable, the Board or the Committee may at any time and from time to time amend, in whole or in part, any or all of the provisions of this Agreement to comply with Section 409A of the Code and the regulations thereunder or any other applicable law and may also amend, suspend or terminate this Agreement subject to the terms of the Plan.  The award of Restricted Stock pursuant to this Agreement is not intended to be considered “deferred compensation” for the purposes of Section 409A of the Code.
 
11.                   Notices .   Any notice or communication given hereunder (each, a “Notice”) shall be in writing and shall be sent by personal delivery, by courier or by regular United States mail, first class and prepaid, to the appropriate party at the address set forth below:
 
 
6

 
 
If to the Company, to:
 
Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.
3625 Cumberland Boulevard, Suite 400
Atlanta, Georgia 30339
Attention.: General Counsel

If to the Participant, to the address of the Participant on file with the Company;
 
or such other address or to the attention of such other person as a party shall have specified by prior Notice to the other party.  Each Notice shall only be given and effective upon actual receipt (or refusal of receipt).
 
12.                   Acceptance .   As required by Section 8.2(b) of the Plan, the Participant shall forfeit the Restricted Stock if the Participant does not execute this Agreement within a period of 60 days from the date the Participant receives this Agreement (or such other period as the Committee shall provide).
 
13.                   Waiver of Jury Trial .   EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO WAIVES ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO TRIAL BY JURY IN RESPECT OF ANY LITIGATION BASED ON, ARISING OUT OF, UNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY COURSE OF CONDUCT, COURSE OF DEALING, VERBAL OR WRITTEN STATEMENT OR ACTION OF ANY PARTY HERETO.
 
14.                  Miscellaneous .
 
(a)           This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the parties hereto and their respective heirs, legal representatives, successors and assigns.
 
(b)           All questions concerning the construction, validity and interpretation of this Agreement will be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the domestic laws of the State of Maryland, without giving effect to any choice of law or conflict of law provision or rule (whether of the State of Maryland or any other jurisdiction) that would cause the application of the laws of any jurisdiction other than the State of Maryland.
 
(c)           In the event of any dispute, controversy or claim between the Company or any Affiliate and the Participant in any way concerning, arising out of or relating to the Plan or this Agreement (a “Dispute”), including without limitation any Dispute concerning, arising out of or relating to the interpretation, application or enforcement of the Plan or this Agreement, the parties hereby (i) agree and consent to the personal jurisdiction of the courts of the State of Georgia located in Cobb County and/or the Federal courts of the United States of America located in the Northern District of Georgia (collectively, the “Agreed Venue”) for resolution of any such Dispute, (ii) agree that those courts in the Agreed Venue, and only those courts, shall have exclusive jurisdiction to determine any Dispute, including, without limitation, any appeal, and (iii) agree that any cause of action arising out of this Agreement shall be deemed to have arisen from a transaction of business in the State of Georgia.  The parties also hereby irrevocably (A) submit to the jurisdiction of any competent court in the Agreed Venue (and of the appropriate appellate courts therefrom), (B) to the fullest extent permitted by law, waive any and all defenses the parties may have on the grounds of lack of jurisdiction of any such court and any other objection that such parties may now or hereafter have to the laying of the venue of any such suit, action or proceeding in any such court (including without limitation any defense that any such suit, action or proceeding brought in any such court has been brought in an inconvenient forum), and (C) consent to service of process in any such suit, action or proceeding, anywhere in the world, whether within or without the jurisdiction of any such court, in any manner provided by applicable law.  Without limiting the foregoing, each party agrees that service of process on such party pursuant to a notice as provided in Section 11 shall be deemed effective service of process on such party.  Any action for enforcement or recognition of any judgment obtained in connection with a Dispute may enforced in any competent court in the Agreed Venue or in any other court of competent jurisdiction.
 
 
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(d)           This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, all of which taken together shall constitute one contract.
 
(e)           The failure of any party hereto at any time to require performance by another party of any provision of this Agreement shall not affect the right of such party to require performance of that provision, and any waiver by any party of any breach of any provision of this Agreement shall not be construed as a waiver of any continuing or succeeding breach of such provision, a waiver of the provision itself, or a waiver of any right under this Agreement.
 
[REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]
 
 
8

 
 
IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties have executed this Agreement on the date and year first above written.
  
 
PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES, INC.
     
 
By:
 
     
 
Name:  
 
     
 
Title:
 
 
 
PARTICIPANT
 
 
 
Signature
 
 
 

 

THIRD AMENDMENT TO CONTRACT OF PURCHASE AND SALE

THIS THIRD AMENDMENT TO CONTRACT OF PURCHASE AND SALE (this “Third Amendment’) is made and entered into as of the 15 th day of February, 2010 by and between PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, as assignee of Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc., a Maryland corporation (“Purchaser”), and OXFORD RISE PARTNERS LLC, a Georgia limited liability company (“Oxford”), and   WILLIAMS OPPORTUNITY FUND, LLC, a Georgia limited liability company (“Williams”; Oxford and Williams are hereinafter referred to individually as a “Seller” and collectively as “Sellers”).

RECITALS

WHEREAS , Sellers and Purchaser entered into that certain Contract of Purchase and Sale dated as of September 29, 2010 with respect to that certain apartment project located in Chester County, Pennsylvania, as amended by that certain First Amendment to Contract of Purchase and Sale dated as of December 14, 2010, and as further amended by that certain Second Amendment to Contract of Purchase and Sale dated as of December 28, 2010 (collectively, the “ Contract ”); and

WHEREAS , Sellers and Purchaser now desire to amend and modify the Contract as set forth below.

NOW, THEREFORE , for and in consideration of the foregoing recitals and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, Sellers and Purchaser hereby agree as follows:

 
1.
All capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have those meanings ascribed to such terms in the Contract.
 
 
2.
In Section 3 of the Contract, the words and numbers “February 17, 2011” are hereby deleted in their entirety, and the words and numbers “March 31, 2011” are hereby inserted in lieu thereof.
 
 
3.
Except as expressly amended herein, all terms and conditions of the Contract remain in full force and effect.
 
 
4.
This Third Amendment may be executed via facsimile or electronic PDF counterpart and a facsimile or PDF signature page shall be deemed an original for purposes of this Third Amendment.
 
[SIGNATURES COMMENCE ON FOLLOWING PAGE]

 

 
 
IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties have hereto signed, sealed, and delivered this Third Amendment as of the date first above written.

PURCHASER:
PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES OPERATING
 
PARTNERSHIP, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership
   
 
By:   
Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc., a Maryland
   
Corporation, its General Partner
     
     
By:
/s/ John A. Williams
  
       
John A. Williams, its President
       
and Chief Executive Officer
         
       
[SEAL]

[SIGNATURES CONTINUE ON FOLLOWING PAGE]

 
2

 

SELLERS:
 
OXFORD RISE PARTNERS LLC, a
 
Georgia limited liability company
   
 
By:
Oxford Rise Development, LLC, a
   
Georgia limited liability company,
   
its Manager
     
     
By:
/s/ W. Daniel Faulk, Jr.
 
     
W. Daniel Faulk, Jr.,
     
its Manager
       
     
[SEAL]
 
 
WILLIAMS OPPORTUNITY FUND, LLC,
 
a Georgia limited liability company
     
 
By:
Williams Opportunity Fund Manager, LLC,
   
a Georgia limited   liability company,
   
its Manager
     
   
By:
Williams Realty Advisors, LLC, a
     
Georgia limited   liability company,
     
its Manager
       
       
By:
/s/ John A. Williams, Jr.
  
         
John A. Williams, Jr., its President
         
and Chief Operating Officer
           
         
[SEAL]
 
 
3

 

THIRD AMENDMENT TO CONTRACT OF PURCHASE AND SALE

THIS THIRD AMENDMENT TO CONTRACT OF PURCHASE AND SALE (this “Third Amendment’) is made and entered into as of the 15th day of February, 2010 by and between PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, as assignee of Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc., a Maryland corporation (“Purchaser”), and OXFORD SUMMIT DEVELOPMENT, LLC, a Georgia limited liability company (“Oxford”), and   WILLIAMS REALTY FUND I, LLC, a Georgia limited liability company (“Williams”; Oxford and Williams are hereinafter referred to individually as a “Seller” and collectively as “Sellers”).

RECITALS

WHEREAS , Sellers and Purchaser entered into that certain Contract of Purchase and Sale dated as of September 29, 2010 with respect to that certain apartment project located in Forsyth County, Georgia, as amended by that certain First Amendment to Contract of Purchase and Sale dated as of December 14, 2010, and as further amended by that certain Second Amendment to Contract of Purchase and Sale dated as of December 28, 2010 (collectively, the “ Contract ”); and

WHEREAS , Sellers and Purchaser now desire to amend and modify the Contract as set forth below.

NOW, THEREFORE , for and in consideration of the foregoing recitals and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, Sellers and Purchaser hereby agree as follows:

 
1.
All capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have those meanings ascribed to such terms in the Contract.
 
 
2.
In Section 3 of the Contract, the words and numbers “February 15, 2011” are hereby deleted in their entirety, and the words and numbers “April 5, 2011” are hereby inserted in lieu thereof.
 
 
3.
Except as expressly amended herein, all terms and conditions of the Contract remain in full force and effect.
 
 
4.
This Third Amendment may be executed via facsimile or electronic PDF counterpart and a facsimile or PDF signature page shall be deemed an original for purposes of this Third Amendment.
 
[SIGNATURES COMMENCE ON FOLLOWING PAGE]

 

 
 
IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties have hereto signed, sealed, and delivered this Third Amendment as of the date first above written.

PURCHASER:
PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES OPERATING
 
PARTNERSHIP, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership
   
 
By:  
Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc., a Maryland
   
Corporation, its General Partner
     
   
By:  
  /s/ John A. Williams
 
     
John A. Williams, its President
     
and Chief Executive Officer

[SEAL]

[SIGNATURES CONTINUE ON FOLLOWING PAGE]

 
2

 
 
SELLERS:
OXFORD SUMMIT DEVELOPMENT, LLC,
 
a Georgia limited liability company
   
 
By:  
/s/ W. Daniel Faulk, Jr.
 
   
W. Daniel Faulk, Jr.,
 
   
its Manager        
 

[SEAL]

 
WILLIAMS REALTY FUND I, LLC, a
 
Georgia limited liability company
   
 
By:  
Williams Realty Fund Manager I, LLC,
   
a Georgia limited   liability company,
   
its Manager
     
   
By:  
Williams Realty Advisors, LLC, a
     
Georgia limited   liability company,
     
its Manager
       
     
By:  
/s/ John A. Williams, Jr.
 
       
John A. Williams, Jr., its President
       
and Chief Operating Officer

[SEAL]

 
3

 
 
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 

We hereby consent to the use in this Registration Statement on Form S-11 of Preferred Apartment Communities Inc. of our report dated March 3, 2011 relating to the financial statements of Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. (a development stage corporation) and our report dated March 3, 2011 relating to the combined statements of revenue and certain expenses of Acquired Properties, which appear in such Registration Statement.  We also consent to the reference to us under the heading “Experts” in such Registration Statement.
 



Atlanta, Georgia
March 3, 2011

 
 
 

 
Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC
3625 Cumberland Boulevard, Suite 400
Atlanta, Georgia 30339
(770) 818-4100
 
February 28, 2011
 

Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC
3625 Cumberland Blvd., Suite 400
Atlanta, GA  30339

Ladies and Gentlemen:
 
Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC, a Georgia limited liability company (the “ Investor ”) and Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC (the “ Manager ”) previously entered into a letter agreement dated July 29, 2010 (the “ Original Letter Agreement ”), in connection with the execution of that certain Subscription Agreement, dated July 29, 2010, among Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. (the “ Company ”), the Manager, Preferred Apartment Communities Operating Partnership, L.P. (“ PAC LP ”), and the Investor (the “ Original Subscription Agreement ”).  The Original Subscription Agreement was amended and restated on February 28, 2011 in connection with an amendment to the Company’s charter filed on February 22, 2011 effecting (a) a change in the designation of the Company’s shares of Class A Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share, to common stock, $0.01 par value per share, and (b) a change in each of the Company’s issued and outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share, to one issued and outstanding share of common stock.  In connection with the execution of the Amended and Restated Subscription Agreement (the “ Subscription Agreement ”), dated February 28, 2011 (the “ Effective Date ”), among the Company, the Manager, PAC LP and the Investor, the parties hereto desire to enter amend and restate the Original Letter Agreement in its entirety by entering into this amended and restated letter agreement (this “ Agreement ”). Accordingly, the Original Letter Agreement hereby is amended and restated to read in its entirety as follows:
 
1.            Manager Revenue Interest .   From and after the IPO Closing (as defined in the Subscription Agreement), the Investor shall be entitled to receive from the Manager the Manager Revenue Interest (as defined below).  The Manager Revenue Interest shall be deemed issued as part of an investment unit together with the shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the Common Stock ), to be issued to the Investor pursuant to the Subscription Agreement.  In accordance therewith, the Investor’s purchase price for such investment unit shall be allocated between the Manager Revenue Interest and such shares of Common Stock by relative fair market value as determined by the Manager in good faith, which allocation shall be binding on the parties for any applicable tax reporting.  Once the allocation referred to above has been made, the Investor will transfer to the Manager such number of shares of the Company’s Common Stock having a value (based on the per share purchase price paid by the Investor for shares of the Company’s Common Stock under the Subscription Agreement) equal to the fair market value of the Manager Revenue Interest as determined by the Manager in such allocation.
 
Manager Revenue Interest ” means 1.0% of the gross revenues of the Manager received, directly or indirectly, from the Company and PAC LP or their controlled affiliates (including subsidiaries and/or joint ventures) (except reimbursement to the Manager of the Initial Costs (as defined below) paid by the Manager, other reimbursement to the Manager of expenses of the Company and its subsidiaries paid by the Manager, and any gross revenues related to property management and leasing fees).  The Manager Revenue Interest shall not be subject to dilution as a result of any equity issuances or issuances of other revenue or profit sharing interests by the Manager after the Effective Date.  The Manager Revenue Interest shall be treated as a partnership interest for applicable tax purposes.
 
Initial Costs ” means (a) legal and accounting fees and expenses related to the organization of the Company, PAC LP and the Manager, as well as the private placement to the Investor pursuant to the Subscription Agreement, (b) brokerage and advisory services, (c) capital raising costs for sales of Common Stock of the Company, and (d) legal, financial and regulatory fees and expenses and other expenses described in “ Part II — Information Not Required in Prospectus ” of the IPO Registration Statement (as defined in the Subscription Agreement).
 
 
 

 

2.            Right of First Offer .
 
(a)           Except as described below in this Section 2(a) and subject to Sections 2(b) and 2(c) , the Investor shall not sell, convey or otherwise transfer the Manager Revenue Interest (or portion thereof) without the prior consent of the Manager.  Subject to Section 2(c) , the Investor shall have the right to transfer all or a portion of the Manager Revenue Interest to any of its Affiliates (as defined in the Subscription Agreement) without the consent of the Manager, provided that the transferee remains an Affiliate of the transferor at all times thereafter.
 
(b)           If the Investor desires to sell all or a portion of the Manager Revenue Interest (the “ Proposed Sale Interest ”) to a non-Affiliate for cash consideration (the “ Proposed Sale ”), the Investor shall provide notice to the Manager to such effect and such notice shall include from the Investor the purchase price for the Proposed Sale Interest and the other material terms and conditions relative to the Proposed Sale.  The Manager shall have a period of 30 days following receipt of such notice to elect to purchase the Proposed Sale Interest that is subject to the Proposed Sale.  If the Manager timely elects to purchase the Proposed Sale Interest, it shall have 90 days from the date it gives its notice to elect to purchase the Proposed Sale Interest to consummate the purchase at the purchase price and on the other material terms and conditions of the Proposed Sale.
 
If the Manager declines to purchase the Proposed Sale Interest proposed for sale, fails to consummate such purchase within the 90-day period referred to above, or fails to give notice of its desire to purchase the Proposed Sale Interest proposed for sale within the 30-day period referred to above, then the Investor shall, for a period of 95 days (the “ Selling Period ”) following the latest to occur of (i) receipt of the Manager’s declination to purchase, (ii) the expiration of the 30-day period referred to above, and (iii) the failure by the Manager to complete the purchase within the 90-day period referred to above, have the right to sell the Proposed Sale Interest to any non-Affiliate(s) so long as the purchase price offered by any such non-Affiliate(s) is equal to at least 90% of the purchase price offered to the Manager in the Proposed Sale and the other material terms and conditions of such sale are similar in all material respects to those offered to the Manager in the Proposed Sale.
 
If the Investor desires to sell the Proposed Sale Interest during the Selling Period for an amount equal to less than 90% of the purchase price offered to the Manager in the Proposed Sale (the “ Different Purchase Price ”) and/or upon other material terms and conditions that differ in any material respect from those offered to the Manager in the Proposed Sale, then the Investor shall provide notice to the Manager to such effect (the “ Different Terms Notice ”), following which the Manager will have 30 days to consummate such sale of the Proposed Sale Interest pursuant to the Different Purchase Price and/or such different other material terms and conditions.  If the Manager does not consummate such sale of the Proposed Sale Interest within 35 days after the receipt of the Different Terms Notice, then the Investor may sell the Proposed Sale Interest to such non-Affiliate(s) pursuant to the Different Purchase Price and/or such different other material terms and conditions, provided that such sale to a non-Affiliate(s) occurs on or before the date that is 40 days following the end of the Selling Period.  If a sale of the Proposed Sale Interest to a non-Affiliate(s) does not occur by the end of the Selling Period (or if the Different Terms Notice shall have been given, by the end of the 40-day period referred to in the immediately preceding sentence), then the provisions of this Section 2(b) shall apply to any subsequent proposed sale of all or any portion of the Manager Revenue Interest to a non-Affiliate(s).
 
 
 

 
 
(c)           As a condition precedent to any transfer of the Manager Revenue Interest (or portion thereof) pursuant to Section 2(a) or 2(b) to a third party, the transferee must agree in writing to be bound by the terms and conditions of this Agreement pursuant to a joinder agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Manager.  Such joinder agreement shall provide that the transferee will have the same rights and obligations as to the transferred Manager Revenue Interest (or portion thereof) as the transferring Investor hereunder.
 
3.            Sale of Manager .  For so long as the Investor and any permitted transferees thereof own the Manager Revenue Interest, the Investor and such permitted transferees owning the Manager Revenue Interest shall be entitled to receive their pro rata share (based on their respective ownership of the Manager Revenue Interest) of 1% of the Gross Sale Proceeds (as defined below) resulting from any sale of all or substantially all, or the internalization of, the Manager, in one or a series of related transactions, including pursuant to any merger or other business combination, assets sale, or sale or other transfer of 50% or more of the equity interests in the Manager to any Person other than John A. Williams, Leonard A. Silverstein or any of their respective Affiliates (a “ Sale Event ”).
 
Gross Sale Proceeds ” means the aggregate sale proceeds received by the Manager and/or its members in connection with a Sale Event.
 
Person ” or “ person ” means an individual, partnership, joint-stock company, corporation, limited liability company, trust, unincorporated organization or other entity, or a government or agency or political subdivision thereof.
 
4.            Reports and Payments .
 
(a)           As soon as practicable, and in any event no later than 45 days after the close of each fiscal quarter of the Manager, the Manager shall provide the Investor with internally prepared quarterly financial statements of the Manager prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
 
(b)            Any time that the Manager is required to make a payment hereunder, such payment shall be distributed in cash to each Investor within 60 days following each fiscal quarter of the Manager.   To the extent such proceeds are not so paid when due, the Manager will pay such proceeds out of first available funds.
 
5.            Redemption Right .  After the Effective Date, the Investor and the Manager will negotiate in good faith to provide that the Manager Revenue Interest may be purchased from the Investor and any permitted transferees thereof from and after the first anniversary of the IPO Closing upon such terms and conditions as the Investor and the Manager mutually agree in writing.  For the avoidance of doubt, the failure of the Investor and the Manager to come to such mutual agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of this Agreement.
 
 
 

 
 
6.            Specific Performance .  Each party to this Agreement acknowledges that each other party would be irreparably harmed by any breach of this Agreement by it and that there may be no adequate remedy at law or in damages to compensate such other party for any such breach.  Accordingly, in addition to the remedies available under applicable law, each party agrees that each other party shall be entitled to specific performance by such party of its obligations under this Agreement (including by means of an injunction) and each party further agrees to waive any requirement for the security or posting of any bond or any other collateral in connection with such remedy.
 
7.            Severability .  If any provision of this Agreement, or the application thereof, is for any reason declared by any court or other judicial or administrative body of competent jurisdiction to be invalid or unenforceable, the remainder of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect.
 
8.            Rules of Construction .  The parties hereto agree that they have been represented by counsel during the negotiation and execution of this Agreement and, therefore, waive the application of any law, regulation, holding or ruling of construction providing that ambiguities in an agreement or other document will be construed against the party drafting such agreement or document.
 
9.            Assignability .  This Agreement shall be binding upon, and shall be enforceable by and inure to the benefit of, the parties hereto and their respective heirs, legal representatives, successors and permitted assigns; provided , however , that this Agreement may not be assigned by any party without the prior written consent of the other parties, except that the Investor shall be deemed to have assigned its rights and obligations under this Agreement to any Person to which it transfers the Manager Revenue Interest (or portion thereof) pursuant to Section 2 , to the extent of Manager Revenue Interest (or portion thereof) so transferred.
 
10.            Further Assurances .  The parties hereto agree to execute such further documents as reasonably requested in order to give effect to this Agreement and to carry out the transactions contemplated hereby.  In addition, at the request of either party after the Effective Date, the Investor will become a party to the then existing limited liability company agreement of the Manager pursuant to an amendment thereof, which amendment shall be in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to each party, in order to give effect to this Agreement and to carry out the transactions contemplated hereby.  If such amendment to such limited liability company agreement is entered into, then this Agreement shall thereupon cease to be of any further force and effect.
 
11.            Governing Law .   This Agreement shall be governed by the internal laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to the choice of laws provisions thereof.
 
 
 

 
 
12.            Amendment; Waiver; Termination .  This Agreement may be amended, and the observance of any term of this Agreement may be waived, with (and only with) the consent of (a) the Manager, and (b) those persons then holding a majority of the Manager Revenue Interest.
 
13.            Counterparts .  This Agreement may be executed (including by facsimile or other electronic transmission) with counterpart signature pages or in multiple counterparts.
 
14.            Notice .  All notices, demands, approvals, consents and other communications provided for or permitted hereunder (each a “ Notice ”) shall be in writing and shall be sent by (a) registered or certified first-class mail (return receipt requested), (b) courier service, (c) personal delivery, or (d) telecopier (provided that, in the case of this clause (d), such Notice also is sent concurrently by another means specified above) as follows:
 

To the Manager:

Preferred Apartment Advisors, LLC
3625 Cumberland Boulevard, Suite 400
Atlanta, GA 30339
Phone: (770) 818-4100
Facsimile: (770) 818-4105
 
Attention: 
Leonard A. Silverstein, Esq.

with a copy (which shall not constitute Notice) to:

Proskauer Rose LLP
Eleven Times Square
New York, NY 10036
Facsimile: (212) 969-2900
 
Attention: 
Peter M. Fass, Esq.
James P. Gerkis, Esq.
 
To WOF :

Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC
c/o Williams Realty Advisors, LLC
3625 Cumberland Boulevard, Suite 400
Atlanta, GA 30339
Phone: (770) 818-4100
Facsimile: (770) 818-4105
Attn:  Leonard A. Silverstein, Esq.

with a copy (which shall not constitute Notice) to:

Williams Realty Advisors, LLC
One Overton Park
3625 Cumberland Boulevard, Suite 400
Atlanta, Georgia 30339
Phone: (770) 818-4108
Facsimile: (770) 818-4105
Attn:  Jeffrey R. Sprain, Esq.
 
Each Notice shall be deemed to have been duly given and effective upon actual receipt.  Any party may by Notice to the other parties given in accordance with this Section 14 designate another address or person for receipt of Notices hereunder.   If the address of a party has changed, then such party promptly shall by Notice to the other parties given in accordance with this Section 14 designate a new address for receipt of Notices hereunder.  For the avoidance of doubt, if a Notice given in accordance with this Section 14 to a party is returned to the sender as being refused or undeliverable (or having a similar status), then such Notice to such party shall be deemed to have been duly given and effective on the date that such Notice was originally sent.
 
 
 

 
 
  Very truly yours,  
     
 
PREFERRED APARTMENT ADVISORS, LLC
 
       
 
By:
 /s/ John A. Williams  
   
John A. Williams
 
   
President and Chief Executive Officer
 
       
 
 
Acknowledged and Agreed To
as of the date first above written:
 
WILLIAMS OPPORTUNITY FUND, LLC
 
         
By:   Williams Opportunity Fund Manager, LLC, Its Manager
 
   
           
 
By:
Williams Realty Advisors, LLC, Its Manager
 
       
   
 
By:
/s/ J ohn A. Williams  
       
J ohn A. Williams
 
       
Chief Executive Officer
 
 
 
[Signature Page to Amended and Restated WOF Letter Agreement]
 
 
 

 
 


 
February 18, 2011

 
PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL

Mr. Ed Cofrancesco
President
International Assets Advisory, LLC
300 S. Orange Avenue, Suite 1100
Orlando, Florida 32801

Dear Mr. Cofrancesco:

This letter agreement (this “ Agreement ”) amends and restates in its entirety that certain letter agreement dated as of January 14, 2011, between Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. (the “ Company ”) and International Assets Advisory, LLC (“ IAA ”), which amended and restated in its entirety that certain letter agreement dated as December 8, 2010, between the Company and IAA in connection with the initial public offering (“ IPO ”) of the Company’s common stock (“ Common Stock ”) and listing of its Common Stock on NYSE Amex.  Reference is made to that certain amended and restated letter agreement dated December 13, 2010 between the Company and Anderson & Strudwick, Incorporated (the “ Company/A&S Letter Agreement ”).

The Company and IAA acknowledge that the target size of the proposed IPO transaction shall be $45,000,000 (forty five million U.S. dollars) in shares of Common Stock (the “ Initial Shares ”) in such amount of shares and at a price per share to be determined and set forth in the Company’s Form S-11 registration statement filed and as amended from time to time with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. In addition, the lead underwriter and lead manager in the IPO shall have the right, exercisable in its sole discretion, to purchase up to an additional 15% of the amount of the Initial Shares to cover overallotments (the “ Green Shoe Shares ”) on the same terms as the purchase of the Initial Shares.  The Initial Shares and the Green Shoe Shares, if any, shall be referred to collectively as the “ Public Offering Shares .” The Public Offering Shares shall exclude any shares of Common Stock pursuant to a private placement offering to Williams Opportunity Fund, LLC at the same price offered to purchasers of the Public Offering Shares and as described in the Company’s registration statement.

Fees

The Company agrees, on the date of the closing of the purchase of the Initial Shares in the IPO, to (x) pay IAA a general advisory fee equal to $125,000 (the “ General Advisory Fee ”) payable in U.S. dollars, and (y) issue a warrant (the “ Warrant ”) to purchase 150,000 shares of Common Stock of the Company, which Warrant will have an exercise price per share of 125% of the gross per share offering price in the IPO, will expire on the fourth anniversary of the closing of the purchase of the Initial Shares in the IPO, and will be on such other terms and subject to the conditions set forth in a warrant agreement to be entered into between the Company and IAA.  For the avoidance of doubt, no General Advisory Fee shall be payable to IAA and no Warrant shall be issued to IAA if the IPO is not consummated.


 
 

 

In addition, the Company agrees reimburse IAA for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses payable to unaffiliated third parties incurred by IAA in connection with the IPO (“ IAA Expenses ”); provided, however , that IAA shall receive prior written approval of the Company in respect of any IAA Expenses to be incurred in an amount equal to or in excess of $5,000 individually (the “ IAA Individual Threshold ”) or $20,000 in the aggregate (the “ IAA Aggregate Threshold ”), such approvals not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed; provided further, however , that once the Company has approved exceeding the IAA Aggregate Threshold, then IAA shall notify the Company promptly in respect of any IAA Expenses incurred in an amount less than the IAA Individual Threshold.  In any event, IAA shall not incur IAA Expenses in excess of $25,000 in the aggregate without the prior written approval of the Company, which may be withheld in its sole discretion.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the parties hereto agree that IAA Expenses reimbursable to IAA shall not exceed an amount equal to $65,000 in the aggregate.  IAA shall provide evidence to the Company of all the IAA Expenses incurred by IAA in accordance with this paragraph, which evidence shall be in reasonable detail.  Any IAA Expenses reimbursable to IAA in accordance with this paragraph shall be paid within three business days following receipt of the evidence of the incurrence thereof; provided, however, that no IAA Expenses shall be reimbursed by the Company to IAA unless the IPO is consummated.  For the avoidance of doubt, the sum of all IAA Expenses shall be considered independent of, and in addition to, the General Advisory Fee and the Warrant.

Indemnification

IAA will indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Company, NELL Partners, LLC, their affiliates and their respective officers, directors, agents, employees, subsidiaries, partners, members, employees, agents and each person who controls (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act of 1933) any of such persons (each an “ Indemnified Party ”), from and against any and all losses, claims (including without limitation any claim by a third party that such party is owed any fees, expenses, securities or any compensation), damages, expenses (including without limitation reasonable fees, disbursements and other charges of counsel incurred by an Indemnified Party in any action or any written threat of a claim and costs of investigation) or other liabilities (collectively, “ Losses ”), resulting from or arising out of this Agreement or any other agreement involving IAA, on the one hand, and the Company or Anderson & Strudwick, Incorporated, on the other hand.  IAA’s maximum aggregate liability for Losses under this indemnification provision to all Indemnified Parties shall not exceed the sum of (a) the General Advisory Fee, (b) the value of the Warrant, and (c) the amount of IAA Expenses actually reimbursed.

General

This Agreement shall terminate automatically upon the termination of the Company/A&S Letter Agreement and may be terminated by either the Company or IAA at any time upon written notice to that effect to the other party.

The parties hereto acknowledge that the execution and delivery of this Agreement does not create any legally binding obligations between the parties relating to the IPO transaction or for the Company to consummate the IPO.

 
2

 

The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provisions of this Agreement, which shall remain in full force and effect.

No waiver, amendment or other modification of this Agreement shall be effective unless in writing and signed by each party to be bound thereby.

This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York applicable to contracts executed and to be wholly performed therein without giving effect to its conflicts of laws principles or rules.  Any dispute hereunder shall be brought in a federal or state court in the State of New York.

 
3

 

If the foregoing correctly sets forth our understanding, we would appreciate your signing two copies of this letter in the space provided below and returning one of them to us.

 
Very truly yours,
   
 
PREFERRED APARTMENT COMMUNITIES, INC.
   
 
By: 
    /s/ John A. Williams
   
John A. Williams
   
President and Chief Executive Officer

Accepted and agreed to as of
the date first above written:

INTERNATIONAL ASSETS ADVISORY, LLC
 
   
By: 
/s/ Edward Cofrancesco   
 
 
Edward Cofrancesco
 
 
President
 
 
 
4

 
 
Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc.

Lock-Up Agreement

[______], 2011

Wunderlich Securities, Inc.
6000 Poplar Avenue
Suite 150
Memphis, Tennessee 38119

Anderson & Strudwick, Incorporated
707 East Main Street, 20th Floor
Richmond, Virginia 23219

 
Re:
Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc. – Lock-Up Agreement

Ladies and Gentlemen:

The undersigned understands that you, as representatives (the “ Representatives ”), propose to enter into an Underwriting Agreement on behalf of the several Underwriters named in Schedule I to such agreement (collectively, the “ Underwriters ”), with Preferred Apartment Communities, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the “ Company ”), providing for a public offering (the “ Public Offering ”) of shares of the common stock, par value $.01 per share, of the Company (the “ Shares ”) pursuant to a Registration Statement on Form S-11, as amended, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “ SEC ”). For purposes of this Lock-Up Agreement (the “ Agreement ”), “ Stock ” means, at any time, all shares of the Company’s capital stock issued and outstanding at such time, including the issued and outstanding common stock, par value $.01 per share.

In consideration of the agreement by the Underwriters to offer and sell the Shares, and of other good and valuable consideration the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the undersigned agrees that, during the period specified in the following paragraph (the “ Lock-Up Period ”), the undersigned will not (i) directly or indirectly, offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase or otherwise transfer or dispose of any shares of Stock of the Company, or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of Stock of the Company, or (ii) enter into any swap or any other agreement or any transaction that transfers, in whole or in part, directly or indirectly, the economic consequence of ownership of the shares of Stock of the Company, whether now owned or hereinafter acquired, owned directly by the undersigned (including holding as a custodian) or with respect to which the undersigned has beneficial ownership within the rules and regulations of the SEC (collectively the " Undersigned's Shares "), whether any such swap or transaction described in clause (i) or (ii) above is to be settled by delivery of shares of Stock of the Company or such other securities, in cash or otherwise. The foregoing restriction is expressly agreed to preclude the undersigned from engaging in any hedging or other transaction which is designed to or which reasonably could be expected to lead to or result in a sale or disposition of the Undersigned’s Shares even if the Undersigned’s Shares would be disposed of by someone other than the undersigned. Such prohibited hedging or other transactions would include without limitation any short sale or any purchase, sale or grant of any right (including without limitation any put or call option) with respect to any of the Undersigned’s Shares or with respect to any security that includes, relates to, or derives any significant part of its value from the Undersigned’s Shares.

 
 

 
 
The initial Lock-Up Period will commence on the date of this Agreement and continue until 180 days after the date of the Public Offering set forth on the final prospectus used to sell the Shares (the “ Public Offering Date ”) pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement; provided , however , that if (1) during the last 17 days of the initial Lock-Up Period, the Company issues an earnings release or material news or a material event relating to the Company occurs or (2) prior to the expiration of the initial Lock-Up Period, the Company announces that it will release earnings results or becomes aware that material news or a material event will occur during the 16-day period following the last day of the initial Lock-Up Period, then in each case the Lock-Up Period will be automatically extended until the expiration of the 18-day period beginning on the date of release of the earnings results or the announcement of the material news or material event, as applicable, unless the Representatives waive, in writing, such extension.

The undersigned hereby acknowledges that the Company has agreed to provide written notice to the undersigned of any event that would result in an extension of the Lock-Up Period pursuant to the previous paragraph and agrees that any such notice properly delivered will be deemed to have been given to, and received by, the undersigned. The undersigned hereby further agrees that, prior to engaging in any transaction or taking any other action that is subject to the terms of this Agreement during the period from the date of this Agreement to and including the 34th day following the expiration of the initial Lock-Up Period, it will give notice thereof to the Company and will not consummate such transaction or take any such action unless it has received written confirmation from the Company that the Lock-Up Period (as such may have been extended pursuant to the previous paragraph) has expired.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the undersigned may transfer the Undersigned’s Shares (i) as a bona fide gift or gifts; provided , however , that the donee or donees thereof agree to be bound in writing by the restrictions set forth herein; (ii) by will or intestate succession upon the death of the undersigned; provided , however , that the distributee, legatee, executor and/or administrator thereof agrees to be bound in writing by the restrictions set forth herein; (iii) to any trust for the direct or indirect benefit of the undersigned or the immediate family of the undersigned; provided , however , that the trustee of the trust agrees to be bound in writing by the restrictions set forth herein, and provided further , however , that any such transfer shall not involve a disposition for value; (iv) to any general partnership, limited partnership, limited liability company, corporation or other legal entity which is wholly owned, directly or indirectly, by the undersigned and/or immediate family of the undersigned; provided , however , that such entity agrees to be bound in writing by the restrictions set forth herein, and provided further , however , that any such transfer shall not involve a disposition for value; or (v) with the prior written consent of the Representatives on behalf of the Underwriters. For purposes of this Agreement, “immediate family” shall mean any relationship by blood, marriage or adoption, not more remote than first cousin. In addition, notwithstanding the foregoing, if the undersigned is a corporation, the corporation may transfer any of the Undersigned’s Shares to any wholly owned subsidiary of such corporation; provided , however , that in any such case, it shall be a condition to the transfer that the transferee execute an agreement stating that the transferee is receiving and holding such of the Undersigned’s Shares subject to the provisions of this Agreement and there shall be no further transfer of such of the Undersigned’s Shares except in accordance with this Agreement, and provided further , however , that any such transfer shall not involve a disposition for value. The undersigned also agrees and consents to the entry of stop transfer instructions with the Company’s transfer agent and registrar against the transfer of the Undersigned’s Shares except in compliance with the foregoing restrictions.

 
 

 
 
The undersigned hereby represents and warrants that the undersigned has full power and authority to enter into this Agreement. The undersigned understands that the Company and the Underwriters are relying upon this Agreement in proceeding toward consummation of the offering. The undersigned further understands that this Agreement is irrevocable and shall be binding upon the undersigned’s heirs, legal representatives, successors, and assigns. Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Agreement will automatically terminate and be of no force and effect if the closing of the Public Offering does not occur on or before April 30, 2011.

This Agreement and any claim, controversy or dispute arising under or related to this Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, without regard to the conflict of laws principles thereof.

 
Very truly yours,
   
   
 
Exact Name of Stockholder
   
   
 
Authorized Signature
   
   
 
Title